Tratamiento superficial de materiales mediante luz solar concentrada: una opción mediante energías renovables

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Martínez, D.

1998-04-01

Full Text Available The possible applications of solar furnaces to materials surface treatment are explained in an illustrative manner. A brief description of these systems is exposed, as well as an overview of the feasible industrial or testing applications for which their validity has been proven.

En este artículo se explica de manera ilustrativa la posible aplicación de los hornos solares al tratamiento superficial de materiales. Se realiza una breve descripción de estos sistemas y se da un repaso a las posibles aplicaciones industriales ó de ensayo para las que se ha demostrado su aptitud.

Estudio del comportamiento mecánico de un sistema recubierto mediante simulación computacional del ensayo de rayado//Mechanical Behavior study of a coated system by computer simulation of the scratch test

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Eduardo A. Pérez Ruiz

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Una forma de evaluar un sistema recubierto es a través del ensayo de rayado. Los resultados obtenidos dependen de variables como: propiedades y geometría del indentador, tasa de carga, tasa de desplazamiento, propiedades de los materiales del sistema a evaluar como dureza, módulo elástico, microestructura, rugosidad superficial, espesor, entre otras. El presente trabajo analizó, a través de simulación computacional del ensayo de rayado, el efecto que tiene la geometría del indentador (cónica y esférica, la carga de rayado (20 N y 50 N, el espesor del recubrimiento (2,1 µm y 4,6 µm y el coeficiente de fricción (0,3 y 0,5 en el comportamiento de los esfuerzos y la deformación plástica en la superficie de un sistema recubierto. Los resultados sugieren que el coeficiente de fricción como variable de ensayo tiene una alta importancia en el comportamiento mecánico del sistema recubierto.Palabras claves: ensayo de rayado, simulación computacional, sistema recubierto.______________________________________________________________________________AbstractOne way to evaluate a coated system is through the scratch test. The results obtained depend of the variables including mechanical properties and geometry of indenter, loading, displacement, material properties in the system as hardness, elastic modulus, microstructure, roughness surface, thickness, among others, which are indicated in ASTM C1624 / 05. This paper analyzes through scratch test simulation, the effect of the indenter geometry (conical and spherical, the loading (20 N and 50 N, the thickness coating (2,1 µm and 4,6 µm and the friction coefficient values (0,3 and 0,5 in the stresses and plastic deformation behavior at the surface of a coated system. The results suggest that the coefficient of friction has a high importance in the mechanical performance of the coated system.Key words: scratch test, computacional simulation, coated system.

en los ensayos clínicos

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Medardo Ávila Vázquez

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Se estudia el modo en que se manifiesta la relación entre los investigadores clínicos y los pacientes incorporados a protocolos; cuáles son las percepciones que tienen los médicos en la "relación médico-paciente" transfigurada en "relación investigadorobjeto de ensayo"; para ello se analizan dos casos de amplia difusión pública. El primero está referido a ensayos destinado a disminuir la transmisión perinatal del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV en países en desarrollo. En estos se estableció un doble standard de tratamiento para las poblaciones de embarazadas africanas y latinoamericanas reconociéndolas como "diferentes". Se marcó un límite étnico, para utilizarlas como grupo control. El segundo caso se refiere al análisis del proceso de ensayos clínicos comerciales llevados a cabo en el Hospital Municipal Infantil de Córdoba, éstos se sustentaron ideológicamente en las identidades y valores neoliberales que promueve la globalización, rompiendo de esta manera con identidades generadas históricamente.

Registro de ensayos con vacunas del Programa Mundial de Vacunas e Inmunización de la OMS

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Robertson S. E.

1998-01-01

Full Text Available En 1995, el Programa Mundial de Vacunas e Inmunización de la OMS estableció un registro para ensayos con vacunas. En septiembre de 1996, este registro contenía 50 ensayos de vacunación patrocinados por la OMS, de los cuales 25 (50% eran estudios ya terminados. Las vacunas que se habían estudiado con mayor frecuencia fueron las de sarampión (9 ensayos, poliovirus (8 ensayos, cólera (8 ensayos, Escherichia coli enterotoxígena (4 ensayos y neumococo (4 ensayos. Casi 80% de estos ensayos se llevaron a cabo en países en desarrollo, principalmente en el África. En los 25 ensayos ya terminados, los resultados investigados fueron la respuesta inmunitaria (24 ensayos, las reacciones adversas (13 ensayos, la morbilidad (4 ensayos y la mortalidad (1 ensayo. La OMS contribuyó a estos ensayos con el aporte indirecto de fondos, ayuda con el diseño metodológico, visitas a las localidades, el análisis de los datos, la adquisición de vacunas y la investigación de su potencia.

Procesamiento, caracterización y ensayos biológicos de titanio modificado electroquímicamente para implantes dentales

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Sandra Liliana Arias Suarez

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Las aplicaciones biomédicas del titanio y sus aleaciones son posibles debido a que éste material posee características deseables para el reemplazo de huesos, incluyendo buenas propiedades mecánicas, excelente resistencia a la corrosión y alta biocompatibilidad. Sin embargo, una de sus principales limitaciones radica en el encapsulamiento del material por un delgado tejido fibroso, el cual puede estar relacionado con el aflojamiento del implante. Como una alternativa para dar solución a esta limitación, en el presente trabajo se realizaron modificaciones químicas y electroquímicas a la superficie del titanio para evaluar su influencia en la oseointegración de los implantes, para lo cual se realizaron ensayos in vitro del material en contacto con osteoblastos. Los resultados de caracterización por microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM, de medición de parámetros de rugosidad y de morfología de los osteoblastos, indicaron que existe una relación entre la rugosidad superficial y la adhesión de las células óseas. Las superficies con los mayores parámetros verticales de rugosidad, para las condiciones evaluadas, permitieron una mejor adhesión celular. Estos resultados sugieren que la combinación de técnicas químicas y electroquímicas puede permitir el control de la rugosidad de los implantes dentales de titanio y, por tanto, la optimización de su oseointegración.

El ensayo en la teoría de los géneros

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Carles Besa Camprubí

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Este artículo aborda el problema de la caracterización del ensayo literario tomando como punto de mira la teoría de los géneros. En primer lugar, se integra el ensayo dentro de la poética condicionalista postulada por Genette en Fiction et diction, que permite dar cabida a la literatura en prosa no ficcional. En segundo lugar, se procede a una revisión de las construcciones teóricas que han dado cuenta del ensayo como género; estas construcciones oscilan entre la consideración del ensayo como “género débil” o incluso “mal género” (género mixto, apátrida, antegénero o antigénero y su categorización del ensayo como “género fuerte” o cuarto modo, al lado de los modos épico, lírico y dramático repertoriados por las poéticas constitutivistas o esencialistas. Finalmente, se razona a propósito del fracaso de la teoría por aprehender el ensayo como género y se alude al desafío que plantea a la teoría de la literatura el desplazamiento de un pensamiento de la genericidad hacia un pensamiento de la literariedad.

Ensayo de fertilización del pasto puntero (Hyparrhenia rufa con un diseño de superficies de respuesta en la zona de Chaparral, Tolima

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Buritica Martínez Hernando

1991-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un esayo de fertilización con NPK empleando urea, superfosfato tripley cloruro de potasio como fuentes en pasto puntero (Hyparrhenia rufa en la vereda Espíritu Santo, municipio de Chaparral, Tolima en suelos francos arenosos de laderade baja a mediana fertilidad natural, altura de 1.000 m.s.n.m., temperatura diaria de 25 grados, precipitación promedia anual de 2.500 mms. y una estación seca bien definida entre los meses de junio a septiembre, utilizando el modelo de superficies de respuesta desarrollado por Box y Hunter, ex·puesto por Cochran y Cox y recomendado por Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario. Los modelos de regresión obtenidos, muestran incrementos crecientes en la producción de forraje verde y contenido proteínico para las aplicaciones crecientes de nitrógeno y fósforo, con máximos equivalentes a 41 toneladas/Ha y 3.5% con aplicaciones de 400 y 200 kgs/Ha de úrea y superfosfato triple. En las condiciones de ensayo, se demuestra la conveniencia de la aplicaciónde nitrógeno y fósforo en cantidades comprendidas entre 150 a 200 y 75 a too kilos de úrea y superfosfato triple por hectárea respectivamente.
A field experiment were conducted in order to know the response of "Puntero" grass (Hyparrhenia rufa to the application of diferent amount of Urea, concentrated superphosphate and muriate of potash, in a sand 108m soil of farm located in Chaparral (Tolima at 1000 above sea level, 250C annual mean temperature, and 2.500mm annual mean precipitation. Box and Hunter's surface response model was usedas advised by the Instituto Agropecuario Colombiano.The regresion analysis shows that increasing applications levels of Nitrogen (urea and Phosphorus (superphosphate increase the amount of green forage and protein conten; highest level of forage 41 ton and protein 3.5% content were obtained using 400 and 200 kg.ha-1 of urea and superphosphate. From this information, the author recomend the use of amounts between 150

Ensayo y humanismo

OpenAIRE

Weinberg, Liliana

2014-01-01

En el siguiente artículo se presenta una reflexión sobre las relaciones entre ensayo, humanismo y humanidades. Se procura caracterizar cada uno de estos términos a partir de una breve revisión de su etimología y su historia, así como también reparar en el estrecho vínculo que los une. Se detiene en particular en la figura de Miguel de Montaigne, ensayista y humanista, cuyo legado se considera de enorme actualidad. Se propone meditar sobre los alcances de la declaración de buena fe con que se ...

Modelado del Ensayo ILTS mediante Modelos de Elementos Finitos

OpenAIRE

Rus Gelo, Leyre

2015-01-01

La finalidad de este proyecto consiste en modelar el comportamiento que presenta una viga de material compuesto en L , sometida a flexión en cuatro puntos , siguiendo la normativa AITM1 - 0069 creada por Airbus. Con el objetivo de poderlo comparar con los ensayos experimentales y con otros modelos numéricos y analíticos. Para ello se realizan diferentes ensayos virtuales haciendo uso de la herramienta Patran - Nastran, empleando el Método de los Elementos Finitos. A partir de de los datos pr ...

Hábitos bucales y su relación con maloclusiones dentarias en niños de 6 a 12 años

OpenAIRE

Zapata Dávalos, Mónica Josefina; Lavado Torres, Ana; Anchelia Ramírez, Shilla

2014-01-01

Objetivo. Relacionar la prevalencia de los hábitos bucales con maloclusiones dentarias en niños de 6 a 12 años en la Institución Educativa “Los Educadores”. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, transversal y clínico. Se seleccionó por muestreo aleatorio sistemático a 154 niños de 6 a 12 años de la Institución Educativa “Los Educadores”, ubicado en el distrito de San Luis, Lima. Se pidió el consentimiento a los padres para permitir que sus hijos fueran incluidos en ...

Rol del estado en los ensayos clínicos

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Pilar Mazzetti

Full Text Available La regulación de los ensayos clínicos por el Estado es un proceso en constante cambio y adecuación, cuyo reto actual consiste en salvaguardar la seguridad de los participantes y equilibrar la carga administrativa. El desarrollo y la regulación de los ensayos clínicos en los distintos países varían según la realidad, el contexto, su ejecución nacional o multinacional, condicionando que la regulación puramente nacional resulte insuficiente y se precise conocer parte de la regulación internacional. El objetivo de esta publicación es mostrar una visión global del rol de Estado en la regulación de los ensayos clínicos en distintas realidades. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión de la regulación en la Unión Europea, Estados Unidos de Norteamérica y algunos países de Latinoamérica, para llegar finalmente al Perú. La tendencia actual en la regulación de los ensayos clínicos, se caracteriza por el incremento en los estándares de calidad, el garantizar la seguridad de los participantes, promover la transparencia, la disminución de los procesos burocráticos y el fortalecimiento de los comités de ética, en el marco de procesos democráticos abiertos, que convoquen e integren a todos los interesados en procesos dinámicos basados en el conocimiento actual y los cambios que se suceden. El reto actual es promover el desarrollo de ensayos clínicos desde el Estado (universidades, centros de investigación, institutos especializados, hospitales, etc. para los aspectos que el país necesita, incluidos medicamentos huérfanos, enfermedades prevalentes y abandonadas, y el uso terapéutico de los principios activos originarios.

Rol del estado en los ensayos clínicos

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Pilar Mazzetti

2012-12-01

Full Text Available La regulación de los ensayos clínicos por el Estado es un proceso en constante cambio y adecuación, cuyo reto actual consiste en salvaguardar la seguridad de los participantes y equilibrar la carga administrativa. El desarrollo y la regulación de los ensayos clínicos en los distintos países varían según la realidad, el contexto, su ejecución nacional o multinacional, condicionando que la regulación puramente nacional resulte insuficiente y se precise conocer parte de la regulación internacional. El objetivo de esta publicación es mostrar una visión global del rol de Estado en la regulación de los ensayos clínicos en distintas realidades. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión de la regulación en la Unión Europea, Estados Unidos de Norteamérica y algunos países de Latinoamérica, para llegar finalmente al Perú. La tendencia actual en la regulación de los ensayos clínicos, se caracteriza por el incremento en los estándares de calidad, el garantizar la seguridad de los participantes, promover la transparencia, la disminución de los procesos burocráticos y el fortalecimiento de los comités de ética, en el marco de procesos democráticos abiertos, que convoquen e integren a todos los interesados en procesos dinámicos basados en el conocimiento actual y los cambios que se suceden. El reto actual es promover el desarrollo de ensayos clínicos desde el Estado (universidades, centros de investigación, institutos especializados, hospitales, etc. para los aspectos que el país necesita, incluidos medicamentos huérfanos, enfermedades prevalentes y abandonadas, y el uso terapéutico de los principios activos originarios.

ENSAYOS DE CREEP POR TORSIÓN Y TRACCIÓN

OpenAIRE

Daniela Alessio; Sandra Robles; Lilian Moro; René Molina

2017-01-01

En este estudio se efectúa el análisis de dos metodologías de ensayo para evaluar el comportamiento de un material al creep o fluencia por activación térmica o termofluencia. Se realizaron en laboratorio dos tipos de ensayos, por torsión y por tracción, bajo combinaciones de temperatura y tensión comparables, de un acero austenítico, de uso habitual en los equipos de la industria petroquímica de la región. Con los registros adquiridos, se graficaron las diferentes curvas deformación-tiempo de...

Plataforma de ensayo de inductancias para convertidores estáticos

OpenAIRE

Román Lumbreras, Manuel; Velasco Quesada, Guillermo; Conesa Roca, Alfons; Pérez Delgado, Raúl; Codina, Albert; González, Jaime

2009-01-01

Reproducido con autorización del Grupo Tecnipublicaciones Este artículo presenta una plataforma para la realización de ensayos, en condiciones reales, sobre las inductancias que se instalarán en serie entre los convertidores estáticos y la red eléctrica en centrales solares fotovoltaicas con un consumo mínimo sin necesidad de convertidores y paneles para la generación fotovoltaica. Su finalidad es servir tanto para el ensayo y el control de la calidad de las inductancias fabric...

Impactación por odontoma en asociación con alteración de la fórmula dentaria

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Denia Morales Navarro

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Los odontomas son entidades odontogénicas mixtas, compuestas por una mezcla de células odontogénicas epiteliales y mesenquimatosas diferenciadas. Por lo inusual del hecho el objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue presentar un caso de asociación de impactación dentaria por un odontoma con la alteración de la fórmula dental. Se trata de un paciente masculino de 26 años, que acudió a la consulta externa de Cirugía Maxilofacial refiriendo dolor. Al examen físico se detectó asimetría facial por aumento de volumen duro elástico del tercio facial inferior derecho. Al examen físico bucal se observó persistencia del 65 y 85, ausencia clínica del 15, 47 y 48 con expansión de las corticales vestibular y lingual en región mandibular posterior derecha (región molar y retromolar y presencia de una apertura en la mucosa de aproximadamente 8 mm por distal del 46, en la cima del reborde alveolar, de forma redondeada. En el estudio ortopantomográfico se visualizó una imagen radiopaca irregular en sus bordes, de 3cm, asociada a la oligodoncia del 48 e impactación del 47, por lo que se decidió realizar la exéresis quirúrgica de la lesión conjuntamente con el 47, indicándose estudio histopatológico que confirmó la presencia de un odontoma complejo con áreas de tejido blando periférico que mostraban inflamación crónica. El paciente se mantiene bajo seguimiento clínico e imagenológico en su tercer mes postoperatorio. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue presentar un caso de asociación de impactación dentaria por un odontoma con la alteración de la fórmula dental.

Cuatro palabras sobre ensayos clínicos: ciencia/negocio, riesgo/beneficio

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Antonio Ugalde

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presentan las limitaciones de los ensayos clínicos para determinar la seguridad y eficacia de los medicamentos en América Latina. Una de ellas es la falta de transparencia que rodea la implementación de los ensayos clínicos. No hay acceso a la información que obtienen los comités de ética en investigación, las agencias reguladoras y las empresas farmacéuticas, y el secretismo no responde a la necesidad de proteger los secretos industriales sino a permitir que los medicamentos en experimentación puedan comercializarse lo antes posible. El encubrimiento de las violaciones éticas, errores y en algunos casos fraudes es una condición tácita que imponen las empresas para que se sigan haciendo ensayos. Los gobiernos han aceptado la racionalización de la industria de que los ensayos clínicos transfieren conocimiento científico, benefician a los participantes, aportan divisas a la economía del país y sus descubrimientos contribuyen a mejorar la salud de todas las naciones. Con base en la información obtenida en varios países de América Latina y de investigadores independientes de otras partes del mundo, los autores refutan los argumentos de la industria farmacéutica.

Ensayo EBADE: evaluación de la resistencia a la fisuración de las mezclas bituminosas

OpenAIRE

Pérez Jiménez, Félix Edmundo; Botella Nieto, Ramón; Miró Recasens, José Rodrigo; Martínez Reguero, Adriana Haydée

2013-01-01

La fisuración por fatiga es uno de los procesos de deterioro más frecuentes e importantes que tienen lugar en los firmes flexibles. Para evaluar la resistencia a fatiga que tienen las mezclas bituminosas que componen estos pavimentos se realizan ensayos de larga duración que requieren un equipamiento específico. Por esta razón algunos investigadores están estudiando procedimientos alternativos más sencillos de implementar y que reduzcan el tiempo de ensayo. El ensayo EBADE (Ensayo de BArrido ...

Superficial basal cell carcinoma: A comparison of superficial only subtype with superficial combined with other subtypes by age, sex and anatomic site in 3150 cases.

Science.gov (United States)

Pyne, John H; Myint, Esther; Barr, Elizabeth M; Clark, Simon P; David, Michael; Na, Renua; Hou, Ruihang

2017-08-01

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) may present as superficial subtype alone (sBCC) or superficial combined with other subtypes. The objective of this study was to compare sBCC without or with other BCC subtypes by age, sex and anatomic site. We retrospectively collected superficial BCC with the above characteristics from an Australian center during 2009 to 2014. We recorded 1528 sBCC and 1622 superficial BCC combined with other BCC subtype cases. Males numbered 2007 and females 1140. On males, head sites (forehead, cheek, nose and ear combined) compared to limb plus trunk sites displayed a higher incidence of superficial BCC combined with either nodular and or aggressive BCC subtypes (OR 13.15 CI 95% 8.9-19.5 P < .0001). On females a similar comparison also found a higher incidence of superficial BCC combined with solid subtype BCC on head sites compared to trunk and limb sites (OR 9.66 CI 95% 5.8-16.1 P < .0001). Superficial BCC alone is more likely on younger females on trunk and limb sites. Small partial biopsies reported as sBCC may miss other BCC subtypes present with higher risk on facial sites for males and females. Males had smaller proportions of superficial only subtype BCC on facial and ear sites compared to females. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Superficial skin ulcers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Samaila, Modupeola O.; Rafindadi, Abdulmumini H.; Oluwole, Olabode P.; Adewuyi, Sunday A.

2007-01-01

Objective was to determine the underlying cause of superficial skin ulcers over a 15-year period. A retrospective histopathological analysis of 670 cases of superficial skin ulcers diagnosed in the Dept. of Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria from January 1991 to December 2005. A total of 670 superficial skin ulcers were analyzed. The mail to female gender ratio was 409:261(1.5:1.0) and a peakage frequency of 44.3 %( 297) in the 5th and 6th decades. Spectrum of lesions encountered was categorized into inflammatory, infections, benign and malignant diseases. The malignant lesions were 309 (46.1%), non-specific inflammation 302 (45.1%), granulation tissue 25 (3.7%) and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia 14 (2.1%). A total of 18(2.7%) specific infections were encountered, which included bacterial, fungal and viral infection. Benign lesions were 2(0.3%), comprising of neurofibroma and Bowen's disease. The most common malignant lesion was squamous cell carcinoma 203 (30.3%) with a male to female ratio of 128:75 (1.7:1.0). Of these 161 were well differentiated tumors. The lower limb was the prevalent site distribution of all the ulcers. Superficial ulcers may be harbinger of malignant diseases. Squamous cell carcinoma remains the most common malignant lesion arising from chronic superficial ulcers from our setting. Adequate tissue biopsy and early diagnosis may reduce the attendant morbidity of these ulcers. (author)

Diseño de un banco de ensayos de bombas manuales

OpenAIRE

Arroyo Fernández-Rañada, Jaime

2006-01-01

Este proyecto se enmarca dentro de la iniciativa de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid para construir un laboratorio de tecnologías apropiadas al abastecimiento de agua. Este laboratorio se ubicará en un espacio habilitado en Escuela Politécnica Superior de la UC3M e incluirá, en una primera etapa, un banco de ensayo de bombas manuales, cuyo diseño se llevará a cabo en este proyecto, un banco de ensayos para sistemas de bombeo alimentados con paneles fotovoltaicos, y un banco ...

ESTANDARIZACIÓN DE UN ENSAYO DE ACTIVIDAD PARA LA ATPasa DE CALCIO DEL ERITROCITO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia P. Tinjacá

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Se describe la estandarización de un ensayo de actividad para la ATPasa de calcio del eritrocito. De acuerdo con el ensayo, la actividad máxima de la enzima corresponde a 3.79 micromoles de fosfato por miligramo de proteína de membrana por hora y la actividad basal representa aproximadamente el 10% de la actividad máxima. El comportamiento de la curva de actividad contra el tiempo es lineal durante los primeros 30 minutos y se presenta una alta correlación entre aumento en la actividad de la enzima y concentración de Calmodulina. Gracias al ensayo es posible cuantificar Calmodulina en concentraciones menores a I^iM.

Utilización del método de superficie de respuesta para formular una base de banano (Musa AAA para batidos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marta Gamboa White

2010-06-01

Full Text Available El Método de Superficie de Respuesta se utiliza para optimizar o reformular productos. Se usa principalmente para economizar dinero y reducir el tiempo de pruebas, al disminuir el número de ensayos. Se presenta la aplicación del Método de Superficie de Respuesta para desarrollar una base a partir de bananos (Musa AAA var. Cavendish cv. Gran Enano de rechazo de exportación a manera de caso para estudiar su uso. Por medio de una encuesta se identificó que el dulzor, espumosidad y sabor fueron los atributos que los consumidores consideraron más importantes en un batido. Con base en estos atributos y con los ingredientes: pulpa de banano, goma guar y azúcar, se elaboraron y seleccionaron varias mezclas base, que fueron degustadas, en forma de batidos en leche, por un grupo de 90 consumidores. Por medio del diseño de superficie de respuesta se determinó que el batido con la mayor aceptación estuvo constituido por un 77,0 % de leche y un 23,0 % de mezcla base, compuesta esta última por 0,12 % de goma guar, 80,50 % de pulpa de banano y un 19,50 % de azúcar. Un Análisis de Componentes Principales permitió determinar que el contenido de sacarosa, que define el grado de dulzor, fue el atributo más importante para la aceptación del batido y se demostró que la combinación del Método de Superficie de Respuesta con el Análisis de Componentes Principales constituyó una herramienta útil en la formulación y optimización de productos, sobre todo para entender la interrelación de las variables.

Calidad metodológica de ensayos clínicos sobre periodoncia publicados en revistas ISI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Katherine Morales

Full Text Available Objetivo: Describir la calidad metodológica de los ensayos clínicos de periodoncia en revistas indexadas en el Institute for Scientific Information. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo en el que se evaluaron los ensayos clínicos publicados entre Enero de 2008 y Diciembre de 2012, de las cuatro revistas de periodoncia indexadas a ISI, con mayor factor de impacto en los últimos 5 años según Journal Citation Reports. Se realizó una estrategia de búsqueda en PubMed para cada revista. Sólo los ensayos clínicos fueron seleccionados para el análisis cualitativo por medio de una escala de calidad metodológica. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando el paquete estadístico SPSS Statistics 20 para Windows (IBM., Chicago, USA. y presentados mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados: De las revistas que cumplieron los criterios de selección, Journal of Clinical Periodontology, Journal of Periodontology, Journal of Periodontal Research e International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry, se analizaron 387 ensayos clínicos. De los 24 puntos máximos obtenibles de la escala, la media alcanzada por los manuscritos evaluados fue de 17,45 puntos. Conclusión: La calidad metódológica de los ensayos clínicos en periodoncia, indexados en revistas ISI, fue deficiente.

Ensayo de aptitud desarrollado por laboratorios de calibración en la magnitud electricidad

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Elia Isabel Guevara-Guerrero

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Los ensayos de aptitud constituyen un control externo de la calidad de los servicios que prestan los laboratorios, ofreciéndoles a estos un gran número de ventajas. El trabajo incluye la realización del ensayo de aptitud de un voltímetro de corriente alterna, mediante comparaciones interlaboratorios en el cual la Oficina Territorial de Normalización de Holguín se desempeñó como coordinadora de un programa de ensayos de aptitud de participación secuencial. Se utilizaron los métodos de análisis documental y síntesis para el tratamiento, resumen de la información y la elaboración de las conclusiones y el método estadístico para el tratamiento y el cálculo de los resultados de las mediciones. El resultado del ensayo posibilitó conocer el desempeño de los laboratorios participantes y sirvió como evidencia al Órgano Nacional de Acreditación de la República de Cuba (ONARC de que ellos realizan sus calibraciones de forma correcta, permitiéndoles obtener o mantener su acreditación.

EFECTO DE LA FORMA DE PRESENTACIÓN DE LOS RESULTADOS EN LOS ENSAYOS CLÍNICOS EN LA INTENCIÓN DE PRESCRIPCIÓN EN ATENCIÓN PRIMARIA. UN ENSAYO CLÍNICO CRUZADO EN OURENSE

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Gerardo Palmeiro Fernández

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: Actualmente se acepta que el mayor nivel de evidencia científica lo proporcionan los metaanálisis y los ensayos clínicos aleatorios. Dada la existencia de diversas formas de presentación de los resultados de ensayos clínicos, el objetivo de este trabajo es determinar si dicha presentación influye en la intención de prescripción de los médicos de Atención Primaria. Métodos: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado, multicéntrico y cruzado. Tras un muestreo aleatorio de 8 Equipos de Atención Primaria de la provincia de Ourense (España, se entrevistó a dos grupos de médicos de familia (nA = 45 y nB = 51 con un cuestionario en el que se reflejaban los datos de cinco ensayos clínicos publicados (tres sobre prevención de patología cardiovascular, uno sobre beneficio cognitivo en un síndrome demencial y otro sobre prevención de fracturas en ancianos. A un grupo se le presentaban los datos como reducción relativa del riesgo y al otro como número necesario de personas a tratar. Se preguntaban además edad, sexo y años de ejercicio. Tras un período de blanqueo de 3 semanas se invirtió la intervención. La intención de prescribir se recogió en una escala tipo Likert graduada de 0 a 10. Se utilizaron pruebas de c2, t de Student simple o para datos apareados y correlación de Pearson según cumpliera, con un error a de 0,05. Resultados: No se observaron diferencias respecto a sexo, edad o experiencia profesional. Respecto al efecto global, excepto en uno de los ensayos presentados, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la intención de prescripción de los fármacos implicados en función de la forma de presentación de los datos: ensayo A: IC95% (- 1,55~0,17, B: IC95% (-2,75 ~ -1,20, C: IC95% (-0,16~1,65, D: IC95% (-0,30~1,44, E: IC95% (-1,22 ~ 0,35. Conclusiones: La presentación de los datos de los ensayos clínicos no influye por sí sola en la intención de prescripción de medicamentos.

Ensayos acelerados de resistencia del hormigón

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Krishna Iyer, R.

1979-09-01

Full Text Available Not avaible

Las normas para proyectar las estructuras de hormigón se basan, en cuanto a calidad se refiere, en los resultados del ensayo de la compresión de probetas preparadas y curadas en condiciones normalizadas, rotas a 28 días de edad. Este largo plazo causa dificultades pues sus indicaciones se conocen cuando ya han sido colocadas grandes cantidades de hormigón; esto es trágico si el resultado acusa una calidad defectuosa. Se impone utilizar métodos acelerados que permitan aplicar inmediatos correctivos en casos necesarios. Los métodos acelerados permiten, además, conocer rápidamente si la proporción proyectada alcanza las resistencias requeridas. Los autores estudian tres modos de operar, limitándose principalmente al estudio de la relación entre los resultados obtenidos para la resistencia a la compresión alcanzada por el método normalizado a 28 días y la que arrojan los ensayos acelerados, por el hormigón preparado con cemento portland ordinario.

El análisis molecular y el inmunogénico sugieren la ausencia de las proteínas hidrofílicas de superficie en Leishmania (Viannia panamensis

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Marcel Marín

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Los dos subgéneros en los cuales se divide el género Leishmania: Viannia y Leishmania, presentan diferencias significativas en las manifestaciones clínicas que causan, en su comportamiento de crecimiento en cultivos in vitro, en sus características genéticas y en la expresión de varias proteínas, entre ellas las de la familia hidrofílica de superficie superficie. Objetivo. Caracterizar las proteínas hidrofílicas de superficie en Leishmania (Viannia panamensis. Materiales y métodos. Se amplificaron los genes hasp en L. (V. panamensis usando cebadores específicos para la especie Leishmania (Leishmania major. Los productos de la amplificación fueron clonados, secuenciados y analizados con herramientas bioinformáticas. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis serológico por medio de ensayo inmunoabsorbente ligado a enzimas y Western blot para detectar la presencia de anticuerpos específicos contra las proteínas hidrofílicas recombinantes de superficie de L. (L. major en sueros de pacientes con leishmaniasis de zonas endémicas de Colombia. Resultados. Se encontró una copia de un pseudogen en L. (V. panamensis, el cual presentó una identidad del 60% con el gen haspa de L. (L. major. Sólo se encontraron anticuerpos contra las proteínas recombinantes de superficie hidrofílicas en sueros de pacientes con leishmaniasis visceral. Conclusión. Estos resultados sugieren que no existe ninguna copia de un gen funcional hasp en L. (V. panamensis, lo que indica una pérdida de la familia de genes en esta especie de Leishmania perteneciente al subgénero Viannia.

Laplace: ensayo filosófico sobre las probabilidades

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Campos, Alberto

2011-01-01

Una lectura del Ensayo filosófico. Ideas claves de Laplace: Todo está perfectamente determinado. El azar es ignorancia de cómo están determinados los sucesos. La teoría del azar o cálculo de probabilidades es el cálculo de las posibilidades de algunos sucesos dentro de un conjunto de ellos.

Comportamiento de mezclas asfálticas densas a partir del ensayo de viga semicircular simplemente apoyada

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Luis Alberto Paredes Chérrez

2014-04-01

Full Text Available La caracterización mecánica y dinámica de mezclas asfálticas es costosa y demorada por la complejidad y el número de ensayos necesarios para su ejecución. Sin embargo, algunas investigaciones han tratado de establecer correlaciones con ensayos más sencillos, rápidos y económicos. Por esta razón, el objetivo principal de esta investigación fue establecer la viabilidad del uso del ensayo de Viga Semicircular Simplemente Apoyada (SCB en la caracterización de mezclas asfálticas cerradas con granulometrías del Instituto de Desarrollo Urbano (IDU y del Instituto Nacional de Vías (Invias, con diferentes propiedades. El estudio inició con la fabricación de probetas SCB con diferentes materiales (agregados, asfaltos, asfaltita, asfalto reciclado y cal y procesos de compactación (vibrocompación y con prensa giratoria. Los ensayos se realizaron a una velocidad de 1 mm/min, una temperatura de 15 °Cy con la medición de los parámetros carga máxima, desplazamiento a carga máxima, energía liberada durante el proceso de fisuración, índice de rigidez a tracción e índice de tenacidad y variables definidas en el ensayo Fénix. De los resultados obtenidos, se pudo establecer que irrelevantemente del material empleado, el periodo de envejecimiento, el nivel de compactación y el reemplazo de filler, el ensayo SCB y los parámetros calculados evidencian el comportamiento de las mezclas asfálticas estudiadas y plantear su uso como herramienta.

Importancia de los ensayos de compactibilidad, resistencia en verde y humedad en mezclas de moldeo

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Alain Valdés-Crúz

2000-03-01

Full Text Available A partir de la teoría del agua rígida y de los trabajos desarrollados por Wenninger se alcanzó una concepción más clara sobre los mecanismos de aglutinación en verde de las mezclas de moldeo. Al mismo tiempo, se presta una particular atención a los ensayos de compactibilidad, resistencia a la compresión en verde y humedad, como índices más representativos de dicho proceso de aglutinación. Se demuestra la relación que existe entre estos ensayos y las consecuencias de los trabajos de Wenninger. Se hace particular énfasis en el ensayo de compactibilidad por considerarlo de aplicación limitada.

CONTROL DE LA CALIDAD DE LOS ENSAYOS EN EL INSTITUTO FINLAY

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Aida G. Rodríguez Hernández

2003-12-01

Full Text Available

El Instituto Finlay en la última década ha impulsado el desarrollo y comercialización de nuevas vacunas para uso humano, entre las que se destaca la vacuna contra la meningitis meningocóccica BC, la cual constituye el único producto de su tipo en el mundo. Entre sus metas se halla introducir en su sistema de calidad elementos que permitan perfeccionar la función de control brindando vías más eficaces para el mejoramiento de la calidad de sus procesos. En este trabajo se diseña un Sistema de Control de la Calidad para los resultados de los ensayos que se llevan a cabo en la Dirección de Calidad de dicho instituto. Los elementos que forman parte del sistema de control han sido concebidos de modo tal que este cumpla con los objetivos enunciados en la ISO 9001:2000 para los sistemas de medición: demostrar la conformidad de los resultados de ensayo, seguir el desempeño de los procesos de ensayo, determinar el nivel de satisfacción del cliente y mejorar continuamente la eficacia del sistema de gestión de la calidad.

Corrosión de refractarios: Puesta a punto de un ensayo de laboratorio

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Caro, I.

1998-10-01

Full Text Available In the scope of refractories the characterisation of its behaviour faced with slag corrosive attacks that can appear during service has a great significance. However, satandarized laboratory tests for this characterization are not generally accepted by manufacturers and users of these refractories. The present report shows the development works for an inmersion type corrosion test. This test keeps the samples continuously moving inside the melt slag bath in order to accelerate (never modifying the corrosion mechanisms, since this motion avoids the generation of a “non-active” slag zone all around the samples. The results of the first proofs show the suitability of this test as a laboratory test. It allows to achieve high corrosion levels in a very short time. Also, the ability for testing several samples simultaneously allows to get comparative results with high rapidity and reliability.

En el campo de los refractarios resulta de gran importancia la caracterización de su comportamiento ante el ataque corrosivo por escorias a que pueden estar sometidos en servicio. Sin embargo no existen ensayos de laboratorio normalizados que sean generalmente aceptados por los fabricantes y usuarios de estos refractarios. En este artículo se exponen los trabajos de puesta a punto de un ensayo de corrosión por inmersión. En dicho ensayo, las probetas se mantienen en continuo movimiento dentro del baño con objeto de acelerar los mecanismos de corrosión (nunca modificarlos que aparecen en servicio, al evitar la formación de un zona de escoria “inactiva” al rededor de dichas probetas. Los resultados de las pruebas realizadas muestran la idoneidad del ensayo propuesto como ensayo de laboratorio, ya que permite obtener grandes niveles de corrosión en tiempos muy cortos. Además la capacidad para ensayar varias probetas de manera simultánea permite obtener resultados comparativos muy rápidamente y de forma muy fiable.

HIGH ORIGIN OF SUPERFICIAL ULNAR ARTERY- A CASE REPORT

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Anjana Jayakumaran Nair

2017-03-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND High origin and superficially placed ulnar artery is a rare anatomical variant that usually arises either in the axilla or arm and runs a superficial course in the forearm, enters the hand and participates in the formation of superficial palmar arch. During routine dissection of cadavers in our department, we observed a unilateral case of high origin and superficial ulnar artery in a human male cadaver. It originated from the brachial artery in the lower third of arm 4 cm above its bifurcation. From its origin, it passed downwards along the medial aspect of forearm, superficial to the flexors, entered hand superficial to the flexor retinaculum and formed superficial palmar arch. The knowledge of existence of a superficial ulnar artery is important during vascular and reconstructive surgery and also in evaluation of angiographic images. Superficial position makes it more vulnerable to trauma and more accessible to cannulation.

Common Superficial Bursitis.

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Khodaee, Morteza

2017-02-15

Superficial bursitis most often occurs in the olecranon and prepatellar bursae. Less common locations are the superficial infrapatellar and subcutaneous (superficial) calcaneal bursae. Chronic microtrauma (e.g., kneeling on the prepatellar bursa) is the most common cause of superficial bursitis. Other causes include acute trauma/hemorrhage, inflammatory disorders such as gout or rheumatoid arthritis, and infection (septic bursitis). Diagnosis is usually based on clinical presentation, with a particular focus on signs of septic bursitis. Ultrasonography can help distinguish bursitis from cellulitis. Blood testing (white blood cell count, inflammatory markers) and magnetic resonance imaging can help distinguish infectious from noninfectious causes. If infection is suspected, bursal aspiration should be performed and fluid examined using Gram stain, crystal analysis, glucose measurement, blood cell count, and culture. Management depends on the type of bursitis. Acute traumatic/hemorrhagic bursitis is treated conservatively with ice, elevation, rest, and analgesics; aspiration may shorten the duration of symptoms. Chronic microtraumatic bursitis should be treated conservatively, and the underlying cause addressed. Bursal aspiration of microtraumatic bursitis is generally not recommended because of the risk of iatrogenic septic bursitis. Although intrabursal corticosteroid injections are sometimes used to treat microtraumatic bursitis, high-quality evidence demonstrating any benefit is unavailable. Chronic inflammatory bursitis (e.g., gout, rheumatoid arthritis) is treated by addressing the underlying condition, and intrabursal corticosteroid injections are often used. For septic bursitis, antibiotics effective against Staphylococcus aureus are generally the initial treatment, with surgery reserved for bursitis not responsive to antibiotics or for recurrent cases. Outpatient antibiotics may be considered in those who are not acutely ill; patients who are acutely ill

Ensayos de semillas en Argentina: normativas para su acreditación

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Teresa Gally

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Debido a las exigencias del país o por las pautas requeridas en comercialización, en la República Argentina, en los últimos años se ha incrementado el número de laboratorios de diagnóstico acreditados en el sector agrícola. Asimismo, éstos tienen –en su mayoría– relación directa con la calidad de alimentos y, generalmente, evalúan residuos de plaguicidas. La norma IRAM 301: “Requisitos generales para la competencia de los laboratorios de ensayos y de calibración” (equivalente a ISO/ IEC 17025: 2005, es la norma empleada para acreditar ensayos a través del ente de acreditación correspondiente y asegurar, de este modo, la competencia técnica del laboratorio. Se puede también optar por aplicar los lineamientos de las reglas ISTA, que tienen como objetivo verificar si el laboratorio de ensayos es técnicamente competente para llevar a cabo los procedimientos declarados en el alcance. En esta investigación se realizará una descripción de la norma ISO 17025 y de las reglas ISTA aplicada a semillas, destacando fortalezas, limitaciones y dificultades en su implementación. Se concluye que la acreditación es conveniente y necesaria para agregar valor y confiabilidad a los resultados.

La fuerza de los lazos creativos: las redes sociales de un ensayo de danza

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Dafne Mutanyola Saura

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo formaliza las pautas de actividad de un ensayo de danza neoclásica. El objetivo es iniciar la construcción de una representación relacional de la mirada bailada, parafraseando a Simmel (1908 y su teoría del control social relacional. A partir de un trabajo etnográfico de los procesos de ensayo de una compañía de danza, explicaremos cómo los bailarines toman decisiones. La distribución de un cuestionario sobre las interacciones durante los ensayos permite mostrar el habitus que se configura en la interacción local y social. Ellos y ellas miran, hablan, y se relacionan en una red de conocimiento distribuido. El análisis de la centralidad, de los cliques y de lazos simmelianos, realizados gracias a Ucinet, cristalizan la multiplicidad de roles y de grupos de afiliación de los y las bailarinas.

Determinación de la absorción de haz láser en ensayos de refusión en régimen continuo

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Lima, M.

1998-04-01

Full Text Available Not available

[pt] Este trabalho estuda a absorção do feixe laser sobre a superfície de um ferro fundido branco por meio de ensaios calorimétricos. Um láser de CO₂, trabalhando no modo contínuo, foi utilizado para produzir um traço refundido sobre a superfície de um ferro fundido branco em intervalos de velocidade de varredura do feixe entre 0,01 e 1,00 cm/s. O registro da temperatura em função do tempo foi realizada por três termopares fixados à superfície inferior da amostra. Verificou-se que cerva de 13 % da radiação incidente sobre a superfície da amostra é absorvida em forma de calor, para um feixe com 0,65 mm de diâmetro, idependentemente da velocidade de varredura do feixe. No caso do feixe com diâmetro de 1,11 mm, a absorção cai para cerca de 11 %. [es] Se estudia la absorción del rayo láser por la superficie de una fundición blanca utilizando ensayos calorimétricos. Se utilizó un láser tipo CO₂ trabajando en modo continuo. Se realizaron trazos refundidos continuos en la superficie de la fundición blanca con velocidad de desplazamiento del haz láser comprendida entre 0,01 y 1,00 cm/s. Para el registro de la temperatura en función del tiempo se utilizaron tres termopares colocados sobre la superficie de la muestra. Se comprobó que, aproximadamente, el 13 % de la radiación incidente sobre la superficie de la muestra es absorbida en forma de calor, para un haz láser de 0,65 mm de diámetro, independientemente de la velocidad de paso del mismo. En el caso del haz láser de 1,11 mm de diámetro, la absorción disminuye a valores próximos al 11 %.

Ensayo no destructivo de soldaduras en pernos conectores mediante inspección acústica

OpenAIRE

Aznar, A.; Cervera, J.; Ortiz, J.; Hernando, J. I.

2012-01-01

Los pernos conectores aportan múltiples ventajas de uso, entre las que se encuentra el elevado margen de seguridad que ofrecen sus soldaduras ejecutadas mediante arco eléctrico. Estas soldaduras, aunque ampliamente fiables, son difícilmente comprobadas mediante ensayos no destructivos. Aparte de la inspección visual, que aporta gran información sobre la calidad de ejecución de la soldadura, el resto de ensayos no destructivos (líquidos penetrantes, partículas magnéticas, ultrasonidos, radiogr...

Drenaje suplementario del sistema venoso superficial en colgajos pediculados Supplementary drainage of superficial venous system in pedicled flaps

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A. Fernández García

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Los colgajos pediculados pueden sufrir edema y congestión debido a que su drenaje a trevés del sistema venoso superfical es imposible y el flujo hacia el sistema profundo a nivel del pedículo es precario. Esta situación suele evolucionar hacia la necrosis parcial o la pérdida total del colgajo en pocas horas. La apertura del sistema venoso superficial permite el drenaje adecuado de los tejidos transferidos y evita estas complicaciones. Este artículo analiza el papel de las anastomosis microquirúrgicas en el sistema venoso superficial de los colgajos pediculados. Esta técnica permite comunicar el sistema venoso superfical de los tejidos transferidos con el sistema venoso superficial del territorio que rodea al defecto. Presentamos los resultados obtenidos con esta técnica en colgajos de perforante en hélice, colgajos miocutáneos, colgajos neurocutáneos y colgajos fasciograsos volteados.The pedicled flaps can suffer edema and congestion due to the impossibility of drainage toward the superficial venous system and the precarious flow via the deep system at the level of the pedicle. The evolution of this situation is usually partial necrosis or total loss of the flap in a few hours. The opening of the venous superficial system achieves an appropriate drainage of the transfered tissues and avoids these complications. In this article we analyze the role of the microsurgical anastomosis at the level of the superficial venous system of pedicled flaps. This technique allows to communicate the superficial venous system of the transfered tissues with the superficial venous system of the territory around the defect. We report the results with this method in propeller perforator flaps, miocutaneous flaps, neurocutaneous flaps and adipofascial turn over flaps.

Género: femenino. Un ensayo autobiográfico

OpenAIRE

Thomas, Florence

2003-01-01

"Me gusta escribir pero no soy, ni nunca lo seré, una escritora. Trato de escribir desde mi ser mujer, desde una creciente conciencia de ser mujer en Colombia. Tratar de imprimir este ser mujer en mi escritura es, hoy por hoy, suficiente. Y ahí está mi acento, para no olvidar."... son algunos de los apartes de la escritora plasma en este ensayo autobiográfico

Modified Functional Superficial Parotidectomy With Ligation of the Major Branch of the Parotid Duct Extending to the Superficial Lobe.

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Jung Woo; Leem, Soo Seong; Choi, Hwan Jun; Lee, Jang Hyun

2017-05-01

A functional superficial parotidectomy can maintain salivary function by preserving the Stensen duct. However, this technique still brings the possibility of salivary leakage, because major branches of the parotid duct from the resected site do not get ligated. To reduce this complication, this study introduces a modified technique with major branch ligation. From December 2008 to February 2015, 14 patients who underwent superficial parotidectomy were divided into 2 groups. Group A was treated with the modified functional superficial parotidectomy involving the major branch between the superficial lobe and parotid duct. Group B was treated with the conventional superficial parotidectomy without involving the major branch of the parotid duct. The clinical complications, period of Hemovac usage, and surgical duration were noted in each group. Two of 8 patients in group A had a major branch from Stensen duct that was ligated, and there was no evidence of salivary leakage or sialocele in any of the patients of group A, whereas group B contained 2 cases of salivary leakage, one of which became sialocele. Group A had a significantly longer Hemovac maintenance period than group B (P < 0.05), and the duration of surgery was also significantly different between the 2 groups (P < 0.05). Because a solitary major branch of the main parotid duct occasionally extends toward the superficial lobe, our modified technique-functional superficial parotidectomy with ligation of the major branch toward the superficial lobe-is a useful option for treatment of a benign parotid mass in such cases.

Los trastornos temporomandibulares y la oclusión dentaria a la luz de la posturología moderna

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José Miguel Montero Parrilla

Full Text Available Introducción: la posturología es una especialidad de la ciencia de la salud que estudia el sistema tónico postural del ser humano, descrito en estrecha interacción con la oclusión dentaria y los trastornos temporomandibulares. Objetivo: identificar los antecedentes de la posturología moderna y los factores que determinan el equilibrio postural del cuerpo, así como la asociación entre las variables posturales, oclusales y los trastornos temporomandibulares. Métodos: por medio del sistema PubMed, Lilacs y el buscador Google se obtuvo la bibliografía impresa y digital, referida la tema y publicada desde 1995 hasta la actualidad. Resultados: la mayoría de las investigaciones sugieren algún tipo de correlación entre el tipo de oclusión, la existencia de signos y síntomas de trastornos temporomandibulares, dimensiones cráneo-faciales y el desequilibrio postural. Conclusiones: Los estudios relacionados con el tema generalmente han sido realizados con un número reducido de sujetos o con pobre metodología, por lo que no son concluyentes en sus resultados.

La oclusión dentaria en interacción con la postura corporal

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José Miguel Montero Parrilla

Full Text Available Introducción: en décadas recientes se ha sugerido que las alteraciones en el Sistema Estomatognático como las maloclusiones, pueden influenciar completamente la postura del cuerpo. Objetivo: identificar diversas variables oclusales según su interacción con la postura corporal. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal en el período comprendido entre febrero de 2011 y marzo 2012, en el cual se seleccionó una muestra de 122 estudiantes de 3er. año en la Facultad de Estomatología, de un universo de 235, sin dientes ausentes por otra causa que no sea el tratamiento ortodóncico. Se examinó la oclusión dentaria y posteriormente se realizó el examen postural. Resultados: los pacientes con la postura Tipo C, o sea con el plano escapular posterior y la cabeza en una posición más anterior, presentaron menores valores medios de resalte, espacio libre y mayor sobrepase, 2,86; 3,33; 3,40 mm respectivamente. El 40 % de los pacientes tuvo una postura Tipo B. Las interferencias oclusales en lateralidad se apreciaron en mayor medida en 66 pacientes con desequilibrio derecho de hombros y de pelvis. Conclusiones: los estudiantes con postura Tipo C, mostraron los menores valores medios de resalte, espacio libre y los que tenían la postura tipo E, el mayor sobrepase. Predominaron los pacientes con postura Tipo B y con neutroclusión. Más de la mitad de los casos con mordida cruzada presentaron un desequilibrio derecho de las pelvis.

Evaluación de la calidad superficial de piezas mecanizadas a partir del análisis de la fuerza de corte

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Sánchez-Carrillero, M.

1998-05-01

Full Text Available Surface quality is one of the most important criteria for establishing the optima cutting parameters needed to perform a machining process. Usually, the evaluation of the degree of the surface finishing requires to apply metrological techniques which involve times out in the production. As a consequence of this, a loss in both the economy of the process and the fiability of the tests reproducibility can be produced. In this work a relation between cutting force and surface roughness has been studied for the turning process of an Al-Cu alloy. From this relation, the surface quality of the machined samples can be evaluated by using the cutting forces values acquired during the cutting process.

El grado de acabado superficial de una pieza mecanizada es uno de los factores determinantes a la hora de establecer los parámetros de corte necesarios para llevar a cabo el proceso de mecanizado. Generalmente, la evaluación de ese grado de acabado requiere la aplicación de técnicas metrológicas que conllevan paradas de máquina y, a menudo, extracciones de piezas. Este hecho provoca la aparición de una serie de efectos negativos, no sólo en lo que a pérdidas económicas se refiere, sino a fiabilidad en la reproducción de los ensayos. En el presente trabajo se ha estudiado la relación existente entre la fuerza de corte y la rugosidad superficial para una aleación Al-Cu. A partir de esta relación se puede evaluar la calidad superficial de las muestras mecanizadas mediante la determinación de las fuerzas de corte durante el proceso.

Regularidad superficial y adherencia en vías ciclistas - recomendaciones de diseño disponibles

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Barbudo, A.

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This paper presents an overview of different national and international regulations and recommendations about pavement design in cycle lanes and analyzes the specifications for surface roughness and slip/skid resistance that each offers. After a comparative study, it highlights the lack of specific design criteria and the need to unify the standard test methods and limit values of acceptance and / or rejection to ensure the safety and comfort of the new constructed sections, thus promoting cycling mobility in cities.Este trabajo presenta una revisión de diferentes normativas y recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales de diseño de pavimentos de vías ciclistas y analiza las especificaciones en cuanto a regularidad superficial y resistencia al deslizamiento/ derrape contempladas en las mismas. Tras un estudio comparativo, se pone de manifiesto la carencia de criterios específicos de diseño y la necesidad de unificar métodos de ensayo normalizados y valores límites de aceptación y/o rechazo que garanticen la seguridad y comodidad de los nuevos tramos construidos, favoreciendo así la movilidad ciclista en las ciudades.

Sensibilización de placas para ensayos inmunoenzimáticos con antígenos vacunales

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Rolando Ochoa

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Se describe un procedimiento de sensibilización de placas para ensayos inmunoenzimáticos (ELISA con antígenos vacunales. Se define como concentración óptima de sensibilización aquella donde se alcanza la mayor densidad óptica con los sueros estándares y la menor con los sueros negativos y el blanco reactivo. Como modelo se emplean ensayos indirectos correspondientes a los antígenos de captura: toxoide tetánico, diftérico y la vesícula de membrana externa de meningococo B, materia prima activa de la vacuna antimeningocócica VA-MENGOC-BC. Esta metodología permite alcanzar un mayor recubrimiento de la fase sólida, lo cual incrementa la sensibilidad de los ensayos. La ocupación de espacios libres en la placa se hizo más evidente con antígenos de menor peso molecular, como los toxoides diftérico y tetánico.

Revisión crítica del ensayo de cristalización de sales

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Valdeón, L.

1987-06-01

Full Text Available The salt crystallisation test is, for its simplicity and aggressivity, one of the most suitable ageing tests to evaluate the durability of rock materials. However the results of this test could be conditioned by differences in their experimental procedure. In this article the principal variables involved in the salt crystallisation test are reviewed: concentration of the solution, type of immersion, temperature and time of drying of the specimens, etc.; as well as the criteria used in the evaluation of induced damages. The knowledge and control of these factors facilitates the optimization of the test, and the correct interpretation of the obtained data.

Dentro de los ensayos de alterabilidad o de envejecimiento artificial acelerado, el ensayo de cristalización de sales es —por su sencillez y agresividad— uno de los más idóneos para la evaluación de la durabilidad de los materiales rocosos. No obstante, los resultados obtenidos pueden verse condicionados por las diferencias en cuanto al procedimiento experimental. En este trabajo se revisan las principales variables que intervienen en dicho ensayo, entre las cuales pueden mencionarse: concentración de la solución salina, características de la inmersión, temperatura y tiempo de secado de las muestras, etc.; así como los criterios utilizados en la valoración de los daños generados. El conocimiento y control de estos factores facilita la optimización de este ensayo, y la correcta interpretación de los resultados obtenidos.

Estudio de la variación del acabado superficial del cilindro en función de la presión de diseño en los hidromotores de pistones radiales. // Cylinder superficial finish variation study in function of design pressure in radial pistons hydromotors.

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G. Morejón Vizcaino

2003-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se realiza un estudio teórico de la tendencia del comportamiento de la rugosidad superficial en los cilindrosde los motores hidráulicos tipo estrella para mantener constante la eficiencia volumétrica ante un incremento de la presiónde trabajo. Con el objetivo de determinar la tendencia de como influye la presión de diseño en la tecnología de construccióndel motor. La tendencia moderna es construir hidromotores con presión de diseño elevada para alcanzar altas densidades depotencia, para este empeño se utiliza la ley de Poiseuille para establecer el modelo de fuga entre cilindro y pistón. Elmodelo de la holgura se establece a partir de suponer lineal el comportamiento descrito en la literatura consultada, seobtienen resultados de rugosidad del cilindro contra presión para mantener la eficiencia volumétrica constante. Quedademostrado que el ensayo, para inferir los valores necesarios para el cálculo a realizar, se realiza sobre un cilindro similar alcilindro del motor.Palabras claves: Eficiencia volumétrica, algoritmo, motores hidráulicos, acabado superficial, fugas.____________________________________________________________________________Abstract.In this article is carried out a theoretical study of the tendency of superficial ruggedness behavior in cylinders of hydraulicmotors (star type to maintain constant the volumetric efficiency when is applied an increment of working pressure withthe objective of determining the tendency of how the design pressure influences in the motor construction technology.Since the modern tendency is to build hydromotors with risen design pressure in order to reach high power densities, forthis engagement the law of Poiseuille is used to establish the fugue pattern between cylinder and piston.The looseness model is stated starting from supposing lineal the behavior described in the consulted literature, results of thecylinder ruggedness against pressure are obtained to maintain

The superficial ulnar artery: development and clinical significance Artéria ulnar superficial: desenvolvimento e relevância clínica

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Srinivasulu Reddy

2007-09-01

Full Text Available The principal arteries of the upper limb show a wide range of variation that is of considerable interest to orthopedic surgeons, plastic surgeons, radiologists and anatomists. We present here a case of superficial ulnar artery found during the routine dissection of right upper limb of a 50-year-old male cadaver. The superficial ulnar artery originated from the brachial artery, crossed the median nerve anteriorly and ran lateral to this nerve and the brachial artery. The superficial ulnar artery in the arm gave rise to a narrow muscular branch to the biceps brachii. At the elbow level the artery ran superficial to the bicipital aponeurosis where it was crossed by the median cubital vein. It then ran downward and medially superficial to the forearm flexor muscles, and then downward to enter the hand. At the palm, it formed the superficial and deep palmar arches together with the branches of the radial artery. The presence of a superficial ulnar artery is clinically important when raising forearm flaps in reconstructive surgery. The embryology and clinical significance of the variation are discussed.As principais artérias do membro superior apresentam uma ampla variação, que é relativamente importante a cirurgiões ortopédicos e plásticos, radiologistas e anatomistas.Apresentamosumcaso de artéria ulnar superficial encontrada durante dissecção de rotina de membro superior direito de um cadáver masculino de 50 anos de idade.Aartéria ulnar superficial originava-se da artéria braquial, cruzava o nervo mediano anteriormente e percorria lateralmente esse nervo e a artéria braquial. A artéria ulnar superficial no braço deu origem a um ramo muscular estreito do músculo bíceps braquial. Ao nível do cotovelo, a artéria percorria superficialmente a aponeurose bicipital, onde era cruzada pela veia cubital mediana. Percorria, então, em sentido descendente e medialmente superficial aos músculos flexores do antebraço, e então descendia para

Superficies de segundo orden

OpenAIRE

Salazar Salazar, Luis Álvaro

1987-01-01

Este trabajo se propone poner al alcance de estudiantes de primeros semestres de carreras de aplicación de la matemática, un algoritmo proporcionado por el álgebra lineal, para tratar con mas generalidad, agilidad y libertad unos objetos de la geometría analítica de no fácil manipulación por otros métodos y que se conocen como superficies de segundo orden o superficies cuádricas. En este orden de ideas, el autor considera importante que con este tratamiento se incluya este tema en una asignat...

Valoración de la eficacia de barnices fluorados en caras oclusales como aporte al equilibrio biológico del ambiente bucal

OpenAIRE

Verduci, Patricia

2009-01-01

La caries dental es una patología ampliamente difundida en el mundo que afecta a más del 90% de los individuos. Las superficies dentarias que presentan defectos estructurales son las más vulnerables, siendo los primeros molares permanentes inferiores (1º MPI) los de mayor prevalencia. La lesión cariosa se inicia por un desequilibrio en los procesos de desmineralización y remineralización (DES/RE) del ambiente bucal, la disponibilidad de fluoruros en el medio puede detener o revertir el proces...

Declaración SPIRIT 2013: definición de los elementos estándares del protocolo de un ensayo clínico*

Science.gov (United States)

Chan, An-Wen; Tetzlaff, Jennifer M.; Altman, Douglas G.; Laupacis, Andreas; Gøtzsche, Peter C.; Krleža-Jerić, Karmela; Hrobjartsson, Asbjørn; Mann, Howard; Dickersin, Kay; Berlin, Jesse A.; Dore, Caroline J.; Parulekar, Wendy R.; Summerskill, William S.M.; Groves, Trish; Schulz, Kenneth F.; Sox, Harold C.; Rockhold, Frank W.; Rennie, Drummond; Moher, David

2016-01-01

Resumen El protocolo de un ensayo clínico es la base para planificar, ejecutar, publicar y evaluar el ensayo. Sin embargo, los protocolos y las guías que existen para su elaboración varían enormemente en cuanto a su calidad y contenido. En este artículo se describe la elaboración sistemática y el alcance de la Declaración SPIRIT 2013 (denominada así por la sigla en inglés de Standard Protocol items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials o Elementos estándares de un protocolo: recomendaciones para los ensayos de intervención), una guía en la que se establecen los contenidos mínimos que debe tener el protocolo de un ensayo clínico. La lista de comprobación de la declaración SPIRIT, que consta de 33 elementos, se aplica a los protocolos de todos los ensayos clínicos y se centra más en el contenido que en el formato. En esta lista se recomienda hacer una descripción completa de lo que se ha planificado, aunque no se establece cómo diseñar o ejecutar un ensayo. Al brindar orientación sobre los contenidos fundamentales, las recomendaciones SPIRIT procuran facilitar la redacción de protocolos de alta calidad. El cumplimiento de las recomendaciones SPIRIT debería mejorar la transparencia y la exhaustividad de los protocolos de los ensayos en beneficio de los investigadores, los participantes, los pacientes, los patrocinadores, los financiadores, los comités de ética de la investigación o las juntas de revisión institucionales, los revisores, las revistas biomédicas, los registros de ensayos, los formuladores de políticas, los organismos reguladores y otras partes interesadas clave. PMID:27440100

La peste de la ceguera. Notas a "Ensayo sobre la ceguera" de José Saramago

OpenAIRE

Ferrero Hernández, Cándida

2001-01-01

La obra de José Saramago es una obra comprometida ideológicamente con la crítica al sistema de la globalización y del pensamiento único. Su novela Ensayo sobre la ceguera, la primera de la trilogía que componen también Todos los nombres y La caverna, basa su argumentación en universales que entroncan, claramente, con la tradición del mundo clásico. Jose Saramago's work is ideologically compromised in a criticism to globalization and global thought. His novel Ensayo sobre la ceguera, the fi...

Influencia de la humedad en el ensayo de resistencia de los ladrillos de suelo-cemento

OpenAIRE

Lima, José I.; Escobar Martín, Dunia

1994-01-01

A través de un diseño experimental adecuado se pretende mostrar la influencia de la humedad en el ensayo a compresión de los ladrillos de suelo-cemento, obteniendo las ecuaciones que muestran esta relación. Su generalización posterior permitió elaborar una matriz de correlación de las resistencias con las diferentes humedades de ensayo, de forma tal que se pueda ensayar con una humedad dada y estimar la resistencia que tendrá esa muestra para diferentes valores de humedad, con un buen nive...

Ensayo de estudio analítico del instrumental lítico pulimentado. Su aplicación al conjuto de superficie de Urrunaga (Alava.

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Aitor Ormazabal

1994-01-01

Full Text Available Partiendo de una revisión crítica de los diferentes métodos aplicados al estudio del utillaje lítico pulimentado, se ha planteado la elaboración de una sistemática de estudio analítico. El fundamento de la misma radica en la determinación de una serie de caracteres morfológicos y técnicos pertinentes, cuya jerarquización y articulación, a través de codificaciones, permiten su síntesis en fórmulas analíticas. En una segunda parte, se aborda su aplicación práctica a un conjunto de utensilios hallados en superficie en los alrededores del embalse de Urrunaga (Alava.

Diseño de una máquina para los ensayos de desllantado y punzonado de neumáticos según la FMVSS139

OpenAIRE

Cruz Uceda, Carmelo

2013-01-01

Este proyecto tiene como objetivo el diseño de dos máquinas para realizar ensayos de desllantado y punzonado de neumáticos de vehículos de turismo e industriales ligeros con una masa máxima de 4.436 kg (10.000 lb). Estos ensayos forman parte de las pruebas de seguridad necesarias del estándar FMVSS139 que deben cumplir los neumáticos comercializados en los Estados Unidos de América. El ensayo de punzonado simula la aplicación de una carga puntual en la banda de rodadura y el ensayo de desl...

El ensayo como filosofía: Arte y filosofìa en Theodor W. Adorno

OpenAIRE

Gutiérrez Pozo, Antonio

2003-01-01

Frente al positivismo dominante en su tiempo para el que el ensayo era una filosofía sin rigor, Adorno recupera el ensayo como una nueva forma de hacer filosofía, como un nuevo logos. Esta racionalidad ensayística, sin abandonar el concepto, incluye en la filosofía el elemento estético, que es precisamente el que permite a la razón filosófica superar la identidad impuesta por el idealismo, constituirse en dialéctica y pensar justo lo que no se puede pensar, lo concreto. In contrast to the ...

La Locura de Epifanio y otros Ensayos

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Renato D. Alarcón

1991-06-01

Full Text Available

ROSSELLI, H.
307 pp. Ediciones Tercer Mundo. Bogotá, 1987.

Consistencia en la producción y en la calidad es un logro de difícil emulación en el nuestro o en cualquier continente.

América latina y su psiquiatría son afortunadas, al contar con Humberto Rosselli, de Colombia, de cuya trayectoria como docente, investigador, clínico, historiador y líder, no es necesario ocuparse ahora. El comentario de esta colección de catorce ensayos de historia, medicina, psiquiatría y psicoanálisis confornta, lamentablemente, las constricciones de espacio. Como señala el prologuista Gómez Valderrama, el libro destila la “doble vida” de Rosselli, que yo llamaría más bien “doble pasión”: la medicina como ciencia de entrega y de saber, la literatura (que es historia, que es humanismo como arte de búsqueda y de intuiciones sugerentes.

Los temas del libro transcurren en terrenos de los que Rosselli es un consumado conocedor. Psicobiografía, historia de la psiquiatría y de la medicina, historia de las ideas, violencia. El ensayo que da título al volumen detalla con virtuosismo y objetividad lo que muchos modernos psicohistoriadores tratan pero no logran: la recreación de la experiencia íntima a través de la conjetura serena y balanceada, la clara comprobación documental o la iluminadora discusión clínica. El estudio sobre el papel del uso crónico de marihuana en la vida y obra del poeta colombiano Porfiro Barba refleja erudición pero también simpatía por los trágicos designios del protagonista. El artículo “Sigmund Freud en Colombia” bien podría substituir el nombre del país con el del subcontinente, sin violentar los alcances del texto. Y la inevitable humanidad del mismo Freud no escapa al estudio inquisidor de Rosselli, analista no aborregado, para encontrar algún sentido al “olvido inexplicable” de las contribuciones del leal Karl Abraham

Imaging of the most frequent superficial soft-tissue sarcomas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morel, Melanie; Taieb, Sophie; Ceugnart, Luc; Penel, Nicolas; Mortier, Laurent; Vanseymortier, Luc; Robin, Y.M.; Gosset, Pierre; Cotten, Anne

2011-01-01

Superficial soft-tissue sarcomas are malignant mesenchymal tumors located within the cutaneous and/or subcutaneous layers. Most superficial soft-tissue sarcomas are low-grade tumors; yet, the risk of local recurrence is high, and initial wide surgery is the main prognostic factor. Some of these superficial sarcomas may grow, following an infiltrative pattern, and their real extent may be underestimated clinically. Imaging techniques are useful to determine precisely the real margins of the tumor, especially in cases of clinically doubtful or recurrent or large superficial lesions. Imaging tools enable one to determine the relationship with the superficial fascia separating the subcutaneous layer from the underlying muscle. In our institution ultrasonographic examination is followed by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging when the size of the lesion exceeds 3-5 cm. Imaging assessment is performed prior to biopsy, enabling optimal surgical management. Imaging features of the main superficial sarcomas are detailed in the following article, according to their major locations: those arising in the epidermis and/or dermis, which are most often diagnosed by dermatologists, and the subcutaneous sarcomas. (orig.)

Imaging of the most frequent superficial soft-tissue sarcomas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Morel, Melanie; Taieb, Sophie; Ceugnart, Luc [Centre Oscar Lambret, Department of Radiology, Lille (France); Penel, Nicolas [Centre Oscar Lambret, Department of Oncology, Lille (France); Mortier, Laurent [Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Department of Dermatology, Hopital Claude Huriez, Lille (France); Vanseymortier, Luc [Centre Oscar Lambret, Department of Surgery, Lille (France); Robin, Y.M. [Centre Oscar Lambret, Departement of Pathology, Lille (France); Gosset, Pierre [Groupement Hospitalier de l' Institut Catholique-Faculte Libre de Medecine de Lille, Department of Pathology, Hopital Saint-Philibert, Lomme (France); Cotten, Anne [Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Centre Hopital Roger Salengro, Lille (France)

2011-03-15

Superficial soft-tissue sarcomas are malignant mesenchymal tumors located within the cutaneous and/or subcutaneous layers. Most superficial soft-tissue sarcomas are low-grade tumors; yet, the risk of local recurrence is high, and initial wide surgery is the main prognostic factor. Some of these superficial sarcomas may grow, following an infiltrative pattern, and their real extent may be underestimated clinically. Imaging techniques are useful to determine precisely the real margins of the tumor, especially in cases of clinically doubtful or recurrent or large superficial lesions. Imaging tools enable one to determine the relationship with the superficial fascia separating the subcutaneous layer from the underlying muscle. In our institution ultrasonographic examination is followed by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging when the size of the lesion exceeds 3-5 cm. Imaging assessment is performed prior to biopsy, enabling optimal surgical management. Imaging features of the main superficial sarcomas are detailed in the following article, according to their major locations: those arising in the epidermis and/or dermis, which are most often diagnosed by dermatologists, and the subcutaneous sarcomas. (orig.)

Ensayo de disolución para las tabletas de Tilo ® elaboradas con extracto seco de Justicia pectoralis Jacq

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Jorge Enrique Rodríguez Chanfrau

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: el ensayo de disolución es una técnica analítica de empleo común en un laboratorio farmacéutico. Un proceso tecnológico para la elaboración de tabletas fue desarrollado. El ingrediente farmacéutico activo usado fue Tilo ® extracto seco. Objetivo: el objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar y validar un ensayo de disolución para evaluar la estabilidad y la calidad de dicho producto. Método: se utilizaron muestras de un lote experimental, un lote placebo y lotes pilotos de tabletas de Tilo ® de 100 mg. Se evaluaron como medios de disolución agua destilada y solución de ácido clorhídrico 0,1 mol/L, realizándose perfiles de disolución a 50, 75 y 100 rpm, empleándose los dos tipos de aparatos establecidos en la literatura para este ensayo (cesta y paleta. El contenido de cumarina fue analizado por HPLC. El ensayo fue validado según la USP. Resultados: los resultados mostraron que el agua destilada fue un medio de disolución adecuado, alcanzándose porcientos de disolución de la droga por encima del 85 % a los 30 minutos, no existiendo diferencias significativas entre los tipos de aparatos recomendados por la USP. Mientras que, los perfiles de disolución a diferentes tiempos y velocidades de agitación mostraron una liberación gradual del principio activo en el tiempo, donde a medida que se incrementa la velocidad de agitación, se incrementa el porcentaje de disolución de la droga en el medio. La validación del ensayo demostró que el mismo era específico y preciso. Conclusiones: se estableció como ensayo de disolución las siguientes condiciones de trabajo: Aparato: paleta, 100 rpm; medio: agua destilada, 500 mL; tiempo: 60 minutos y Temperatura: 37 ± 0,5 ºC.

La auditoría interna y la calidad de la documentación de los ensayos clínicos en Cuba

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Zoe González Hernández

Full Text Available Introducción: el Centro Nacional Coordinador de Ensayos Clínicos, garantiza la calidad de la documentación generada en los ensayos clínicos que realiza, con el uso de herramientas como la auditoria. Detecta y/o previene las dificultades, con lo que garantiza la toma de decisiones para eliminar las deficiencias y cumple así con los requisitos establecidos en las normativas nacionales e internacionales. Objetivo: mostrar las principales "no conformidades" o deficiencias detectadas en auditorías a documentación. Métodos: se analizaron las 29 auditorias realizadas a la documentación de los ensayos clínicos en el período desde el año 2007 hasta el 2011. Se extrajeron las "no conformidades" de los tres acápites que conforman el informe: revisión del completamiento de todos los capítulos, revisión de la calidad de la documentación que se está archivando y ordenamiento cronológico de la información. Resultados: las principales deficiencias se encontraron en el completamiento documental de los capítulos de la carpeta del ensayo; a su vez se detectaron informaciones desactualizadas o incompletas, así como documentos archivados fuera de lugar. Conclusiones: persisten deficiencias en la documentación que se genera durante el ensayo clínico, por lo que se incumplen de este modo con los requisitos establecidos en las Directrices sobre Buenas Prácticas Clínicas en Cuba emitidas por el Centro para el Control Estatal de los Medicamentos (CECMED que se relacionan con el protocolo del ensayo.

Prevalencia de lesiones incipientes de caries dental en niños escolares Prevalence of incipient lesions of dental caries in school children

OpenAIRE

Nayda Nasco Hidalgo; Estela de los A Gispert Abreu; Maria I Ventura Hernández; Raúl J Pupo Triguero

2008-01-01

OBJETIVOS: determinar la prevalencia de lesiones incipientes de caries dental en los niños de 6-11 años de la escuela primaria "José A Echeverría," municipio Plaza de la Revolución en el período de enero a diciembre del 2006, identificar en el grupo estudiado, la frecuencia de niños según número de lesiones incipientes y la frecuencia de lesiones incipientes por ubicación del diente en la arcada y por superficie dentaria. MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte trans...

Estudio comparativo de la fiabilidad y reproducibilidad en la medición de los tamaños dentarios y las medidas de las arcadas dentarias entre registros manuales y digitales 3d obtenidos por escaneado intraoral y extraoral

OpenAIRE

Marín Arias, Diana Monserrat

2016-01-01

Tradicionalmente, los ortodoncistas han realizado las mediciones dentales en los modelos de yeso, pero los avances tecnológicos permiten ahora a los ortodoncistas realizar esas mediciones en los modelos digitales. El propósito de este estudio fue comparar la fiabilidad y reproducibilidad de las medidas de los tamaños dentarios y las arcadas dentarias entre el método manual y los métodos digitales 3D obtenidos por un escáner intraoral CEREC Omnicam (Sirona Dental Systems) y dos escáneres extra...

Ensayos sobre gabinete de incendio clase I

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Jorge Armando Granados Robayo

1983-05-01

Full Text Available La idea de realizar unas pruebas a los gabinetes de protección contra incendios surgió de la diferencia en los requisitos de presión para un caudal determinado, dados por la norma ICONTEC 1669 Y los encontrados analíticamente, en especial para boquillas de chorro directo. Sin embargo, presentada la oportunidad de efectuar los ensayos, estos se hicieron extensivos a las boquillas de chorro-niebla y al conjunto boquilla manguera. Los resultados se dan para la posición más favorable en cuanto a presión de las boquillas chorro-niebla que, como se sabe, son graduables para diferentes ángulos de cobertura.

Superficial dose evaluation of four dose calculation algorithms

Science.gov (United States)

Cao, Ying; Yang, Xiaoyu; Yang, Zhen; Qiu, Xiaoping; Lv, Zhiping; Lei, Mingjun; Liu, Gui; Zhang, Zijian; Hu, Yongmei

2017-08-01

Accurate superficial dose calculation is of major importance because of the skin toxicity in radiotherapy, especially within the initial 2 mm depth being considered more clinically relevant. The aim of this study is to evaluate superficial dose calculation accuracy of four commonly used algorithms in commercially available treatment planning systems (TPS) by Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and film measurements. The superficial dose in a simple geometrical phantom with size of 30 cm×30 cm×30 cm was calculated by PBC (Pencil Beam Convolution), AAA (Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm), AXB (Acuros XB) in Eclipse system and CCC (Collapsed Cone Convolution) in Raystation system under the conditions of source to surface distance (SSD) of 100 cm and field size (FS) of 10×10 cm2. EGSnrc (BEAMnrc/DOSXYZnrc) program was performed to simulate the central axis dose distribution of Varian Trilogy accelerator, combined with measurements of superficial dose distribution by an extrapolation method of multilayer radiochromic films, to estimate the dose calculation accuracy of four algorithms in the superficial region which was recommended in detail by the ICRU (International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurement) and the ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection). In superficial region, good agreement was achieved between MC simulation and film extrapolation method, with the mean differences less than 1%, 2% and 5% for 0°, 30° and 60°, respectively. The relative skin dose errors were 0.84%, 1.88% and 3.90%; the mean dose discrepancies (0°, 30° and 60°) between each of four algorithms and MC simulation were (2.41±1.55%, 3.11±2.40%, and 1.53±1.05%), (3.09±3.00%, 3.10±3.01%, and 3.77±3.59%), (3.16±1.50%, 8.70±2.84%, and 18.20±4.10%) and (14.45±4.66%, 10.74±4.54%, and 3.34±3.26%) for AXB, CCC, AAA and PBC respectively. Monte Carlo simulation verified the feasibility of the superficial dose measurements by multilayer Gafchromic films. And the rank

Comportamiento de las comunicaciones bucosinusales por extracciones dentarias en la atencion primaria de salud Behavior of bucco-sinus communications due to dental extractions in Primary Health Care

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María Consuelo Paredes Suárez

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una investigación aplicada del tipo de estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, longitudinal, con el propósito de determinar el comportamiento de las comunicaciones buco-sinusales en la atención primaria de salud, en el municipio Maracaibo, Estado Zulia en el período comprendido de diciembre 2006 a diciembre de 2008. El universo estuvo constituido por todos los pacientes que asistieron a la consulta, solicitando una extracción dentaria en el maxilar superior; la muestra estuvo constituida por los 38 pacientes que tuvieron una comunicación buco-sinusal como complicación de la extracción dentaria, incluidas solo las iatrogénicas traumáticas y accidentales y las asociadas a otras patologías. Los datos se recogieron de las historias clínicas individuales y de un formulario confeccionado al efecto, se utilizaron como indicadores los números absolutos y por cientos, se confeccionaron tablas y gráficos estadísticos para una mejor interpretación de los resultados. Dentro de los principales resultados, el sexo femenino fue el mayormente afectado y el grupo de edad de 35-59 años en ambos sexos, la exodoncia del primer y segundo molar superior izquierdo resultó la que más incidió, las comunicaciones iatrogénicas traumáticas dominaron por su frecuencia. Las comunicaciones buco sinusales inmediatas resultaron mayoritarias y el tratamiento médico-quirúrgico fue el más utilizado, siendo el tratamiento inmediato el de mayor éxito terapéutico. La diversidad de criterios en cuanto al diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta complicación de la extracción dentaria, el manejo inadecuado en la atención primaria, la estrategia inmediata de formar Estomatólogos Generales integrales de perfil amplio, se considera importante buscar puntos comunes, aunar criterios y definir conductas terapéuticas.An applied type, descriptive, retrospective and longitudinal study was conducted to determine the behavior of bucco-sinus communications in

The Latin American Ongoing Clinical Trial Register (LATINREC El Registro Latinoamericano de Ensayos Clínicos en Curso (LATINREC

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Ludovic Reveiz

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Debido a los sesgos que afectan a la publicación de ensayos clínicos y sus resultados, los estudios cuyos resultados son positivos son más fáciles de encontrar que los que tienen resultados sin significación estadística y a ello se debe que los primeros estén sobrerrepresentados. Para contrarrestar este tipo de sesgo se ha propuesto ingresar en un registro toda investigación, desde sus comienzos. No obstante, estos registros se encuentran en distintas fases de evolución, especialmente en países en desarrollo, de tal manera que la Red Cochrane Iberoamericana, parte de la Colaboración Cochrane, ha establecido el Registro Latinoamericano de Ensayos Clínicos en Curso (LATINREC, por Latin American Clinical Trial Registry con la idea de facilitar el registro de los datos contenidos en el protocolo de todo ensayo clínico que se esté llevando a cabo en un momento dado y poner esa información a la disposición del público. El LATINREC, que viene a respaldar los objetivos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS, representa un intento por reducir la duplicación de trabajo y el financiamiento poco equitativo de la investigación sobre enfermedades rezagadas al olvido; por evitar que se efectúen investigaciones sobre asuntos de poca cuantía o que se midan resultados poco útiles; y por fomentar las prácticas éticas y la transparencia. Se han detectado algunos obstáculos mayores que hasta ahora han impedido crear un registro único y común de ensayos clínicos. Con el fin de franquearlos, LATINREC será un registro gratuito que permitirá hacer búsquedas y que se ceñirá a la Plataforma Internacional de Registro de Ensayos Clínicos (ICTRP de la OMS. Además, LATINREC permitirá que los investigadores ingresen en el registro cualquier modificación del protocolo, así como los resultados preliminares. LATINREC ofrecerá grandes ventajas para los consumidores, el gobierno, los profesionales de la salud pública y la industria

Estudios Experimentales 1 Parte: El Ensayo Clínico

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Manterola, Carlos; Otzen, Tamara

2015-01-01

Los estudios experimentales, se caracterizan por la valoración del efecto de una o más intervenciones, habitualmente de forma comparativa con otra intervención, o un placebo; y el carácter prospectivo, de la recolección de los datos y el seguimiento de los grupos en estudio. Bajo la denominación de estudios experimentales, existe una diversidad de diseños, desde los ensayos clínicos (EC) y sus variantes, hasta los estudios cuasi-experimentales y los experientos naturales. El objetivo de este ...

Freno de corrientes parásitas para ensayo de motores eléctricos

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Omar D. Gallo

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo trata distintos aspectos referidos al diseño, construcción y puesta en marcha de un freno dinamométrico de corrientes parásitas, destinado al ensayo de motores eléctricos. La introducción aborda los antecedentes y las experiencias previas con máquinas similares, además de precisiones constructivas sobre el freno y su fuente de alimentación. La sección de ensayos describe los valores de temperaturas de bobinas y discos y las pruebas bajo estados de carga. Los parámetros tales como fuerzas magnetomotrices, corrientes en discos, momentos y pérdidas, se calculan en la sección referida a valores de funcionamiento. Finalmente, en las conclusiones, se abordan las ventajas y desventajas de este tipo constructivo, y las mejoras que deberían realizarse para mejorar el desempeño de la máquina.

Scanning electron microscopy of superficial white onychomycosis*

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de Almeida Jr., Hiram Larangeira; Boabaid, Roberta Oliveira; Timm, Vitor; Silva, Ricardo Marques e; de Castro, Luis Antonio Suita

2015-01-01

Superficial white onychomycosis is characterized by opaque, friable, whitish superficial spots on the nail plate. We examined an affected halux nail of a 20-year-old male patient with scanning electron microscopy. The mycological examination isolated Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Abundant hyphae with the formation of arthrospores were found on the nail's surface, forming small fungal colonies. These findings showed the great capacity for dissemination of this form of onychomycosis. PMID:26560225

TRES AÑOS DE ENSAYOS CON SORGOS GRANIFEROS EN CORRIENTES

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Héctor Mario Cenoz

1962-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo los autores registran los resultados obtenidos en tres años consecutivos de ensayos comparativos de variedades de sorgos graníferos, incluyendo sorgos de doble propósito, con el objeto de determinar su adaptación a las condiciones ecológicas de la zona y sus rendimientos en granos y forraje verde.Los ensayos fueron sembrados en el campo experimental del Instituto de Botánica Aplicada, ubicado en la Escuela Regional de Agricultulra, Ganadería e Industrias Afines anexa a esta Facultad, cuyo suelo es arenoso, con un subsuelo arcilloso con pH 5,7 a 6,5, pobres en materias orgánicas, nitrógeno total, calcio y fósforo.Los resultados han sido interpretados mediante el análisis de la variancia, considerando los tres años en serie, mostrándose una neta superioridad de los sorgos de doble propósito sobre los sorgos graníferos, tanto en lo referente a rendimientos en granos: como en forraje verde, y observándose  también que los sorgos graníferos híbridos no han superado estadísticamente a las variedades de sorgos graníferos no híbridos, pudiendo considerarse de un valor similar para las condiciones ecológicas de la zona.

Con Ortega: el ensayo como alternativa a una filosofía de funámbulos

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Enrique Ferrari Nieto

2012-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Tanto el ensayo, como género literario, como el ensayo español, en su concreción histórica, son temas de estudio con un vigor extraordinario en la crítica contemporánea. Como posibilidad estilística para una reflexión que renuncia a ser estrictamente sistemática, este trabajo apuntala en la literatura en español sus orígenes en Ortega y Gasset porque, a pesar de haber otros precedentes destacados, anteriores a Ortega, con el escritor madrileño el ensayo toma conciencia de ser forma de un nuevo planteamiento filosófico que se justifica, precisamente, en su dinamicidad frente al sistema. ABSTRACT: The essay (as literary genre and the Spanish essay (in its historical specificity are subjects of study with a special force in contemporary criticism. This paper examines the origins of the essay in Spanish literature in Ortega y Gasset, understanding it as a stylistic form of reflection that is not strictly systematic. Despite the existence of important predecessors, with Ortega the essay comes to recognize itself as the form of a new philosophical approach that is justified precisely in its dynamism.

Clinico Mycological Study of Superficial Mycoses

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Rachana J. Magdum

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Background: Generally it is well established fact that geographical distribution of the fungi may change from time to time; hence this study was planned. Aim and Objectives: To analyze the prevalence of superficial mycoses, its clinical presentation and species identification of the fungal isolates responsible for the disease. Material and Methods: A total 125 clinically diagnosed cases of superficial mycoses visiting Dermatology and Venereology outpatient department of Bharati Hospital, Sangli, for a period of one year were included in the study. Specimens like skin scrapping, nail clipping, hair were collected and subjected to KOH mount and culture. Identification of species was done by macroscopic examination of culture, tease mount and other physiological tests including Urease test, Hair perforation tests and Germ tube test. Results: Superficial mycosis was more common in the age group of 21-30 years (28% and in males (60.8%. The infection was more common in students (29.6%. Tinea corporis (42.4% was the commonest clinical type followed by tinea cruris (22.4%. 61.6% cases were positive by direct microscopy and 60.8% cases showed culture positive. Out of 125 samples, dermatophytes were grown in 63 cases (82.89% followed by non dermatophytic moulds in 10 cases (13.16% and Candida albicans in 3 cases (3.95%. The most common isolate among dermtophytosis was T. rubrum (46.05% followed by T. mentagrophyte (25%. Conclusion: It was concluded that along with dermatophytes, non dermatophytic moulds are also important to cause of superficial mycoses

ESTUDIO DE PREFORMULACION PARA EL DESARROLLO DE UN GEL A BASE DE POLIMEROS CON CAPACIDAD MUCOADHESIVA PARA ENSAYOS DE ALELOPATIA EN INVERTEBRADOS MARINOS

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helber de jesús barbosa barbosa

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La investigación se desarrolló con el fin de implementar una metodología que permitiera la realización de ensayos de interacciones alelopáticas entre corales y esponjas, minimizando la interacción física provocada por el uso de dispositivos que producen roce y efecto abrasivo sobre los pólipos del coral. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de preformulación utilizando polímeros con características mucoadhesivas sobre mucus que recubre los pólipos de coral, con el fin de obtener un gel, incorporando en las formulaciones  un extracto de la esponja Cliona delitrix. Se caracterizaron propiedades reológicas como extensibilidad y adherencia, así como la capacidad mucoadhesiva de las formulaciones propuestas. Estas  mostraron una  buena estabilidad física frente a las condiciones del medio marino tanto in vitro como in situ. De igual manera, se diseñó un dispositivo que facilitó la aplicación del gel sobre la superficie de los corales por parte de los buzos en el arrecife coralino. Finalmente se estudió el comportamiento de liberación al medio acuoso simulado del gel con el extracto de la esponja objeto de estudio

Comparación entre los diagramas TTS obtenidos mediante los ensayos normalizados Huey y Strauss modificado para el acero inoxidable AISI 304

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Otero, E.

1996-04-01

Full Text Available This work presents a comparison of Temperature-Time-Sensitization TTS diagrams obtained by Huey and modified Strauss standard, for detecting susceptibility to intergranular attack. The difference between these tests is the use of a strong or a slightly smooth oxidizing electrolyte. The diagrams obtained are different and if a sample tested by modified Strauss is sensitized, then it will be sensitized in the Huey test, but the contrary is not always true. This difference is because a sensitized sample has to have a continuous band lacking in chromium along the grain boundary in order to be sensitized in the modified Strauss test. This condition is not necessary in the Huey test.

Se comparan los diagramas Temperatura-Tiempo-Sensibilización TTS, obtenidos mediante los ensayos normalizados de corrosión intergranular Huey y Strauss modificado, que, respectivamente, utilizan electrólitos fuerte y suavemente oxidantes, mostrándose que los diagramas obtenidos son diferentes. Si una muestra evaluada mediante el ensayo Strauss modificado se encuentra sensibilizada, entonces lo estará también en el ensayo Huey, pero no necesariamente ocurrirá lo contrario; esta diferencia se asocia a la necesidad de la existencia de una zona continua empobrecida en cromo a lo largo del límite de grano para que el material se sensibilice con respecto al ensayo Strauss modificado, condición innecesaria para el caso del ensayo Huey.

Characterization of a porcine model of chronic superficial varicose veins.

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Jones, Gregory T; Grant, Mark W; Thomson, Ian A; Hill, B Geraldine; van Rij, André M

2009-06-01

Previous animal models of venous disease, while inducing venous hypertension and valvular insufficiency, do not produce superficial varicose veins. In this study, we aimed to develop and characterize a pig-based model of superficial varicose veins. Right femoral arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) were surgically fashioned in young adult pigs. Animals were examined at postoperative times up to 15 weeks to determine the development of varicose veins and measurement of both blood pressure and flow velocities within the superficial thigh veins. Histology and vascular corrosion casts were used to characterize the resulting structural venous alterations. Porcine pathophysiological features were compared with those of human primary superficial varicose veins. Gross superficial varicosities developed over the ipsilateral medial thigh region after an initial lag period of 1-2 weeks. Veins demonstrated retrograde filling with valvular incompetence, and a moderate, non-pulsatile, venous hypertension, which was altered by changes in posture and Valsalva. Venous blood flow velocities were elevated to 15-30 cm/s in varicose veins. Structurally, pig varicose veins were enlarged, tortuous, had valvular degeneration, and regions of focal medial atrophy with or without overlying intimal thickening. The superficial varicose veins, which developed within this model, have a pathophysiology that is consistent with that observed in humans. The porcine femoral AVF model is proposed as a suitable experimental model to evaluate the pathobiology of superficial venous disease. It may also be suitable for the evaluation of treatment interventions including drug therapy.

Superficial herpes simplex virus wound infection following lung transplantation.

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Karolak, Wojtek; Wojarski, Jacek; Zegleń, Sławomir; Ochman, Marek; Urlik, Maciej; Hudzik, Bartosz; Wozniak-Grygiel, Elzbieta; Maruszewski, Marcin

2017-08-01

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are infections of tissues, organs, or spaces exposed by surgeons during performance of an invasive procedure. SSIs are classified into superficial, which are limited to skin and subcutaneous tissues, and deep. The incidence of deep SSIs in lung transplant (LTx) patients is estimated at 5%. No reports have been published as to the incidence of superficial SSIs specifically in LTx patients. Common sense would dictate that the majority of superficial SSIs would be bacterial. Uncommonly, fungal SSIs may occur, and we believe that no reports exist as to the incidence of viral wound infections in LTx patients, or in any solid organ transplant patients. We report a de novo superficial wound infection with herpes simplex virus following lung transplantation, its possible source, treatment, and resolution. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Understanding the three-dimensional anatomy of the superficial lymphatics of the limbs.

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Tourani, Saam S; Taylor, G Ian; Ashton, Mark W

2014-11-01

There are minimal data in the current literature regarding the depth of the superficial lymphatic collectors of the limbs in relation to the various subcutaneous tissue layers. Injection, microdissection, radiographic, and histologic studies of the superficial lymphatics and the subcutaneous tissues of 32 limbs from 15 human cadavers were performed. Five layers were consistently identified in the integument of all the upper and lower limb specimens: (1) skin, (2) subcutaneous fat, (3) superficial fascia, (4) loose areolar tissue, and (5) deep fascia. Layer 2 was further divided into superficial (2a) and deep (2c) compartments by a thin, transparent, horizontal septum (layer 2b). The main superficial veins and the superficial nerves coursed in layer 4. The lymphatic collectors were found at layer 2c and layer 4. The use of consistent nomenclature to describe the subcutaneous tissue layers facilitates a greater understanding and discussion of the anatomy. In lymphovenous anastomosis for the treatment of lymphedema, indocyanine green lymphography is an unreliable method for identification of the superficial collectors of the thigh. The medial proximal leg, the dorsum of the wrist over the anatomical snuffbox, and the volar proximal forearm provide suitable areas for locating superficial collectors with nearby matching size veins. In vertical medial thigh lift, choosing a dissection plane superficial to the great saphenous vein is unlikely to preserve the collectors of the ventromedial bundle.

Social network extraction based on Web: 1. Related superficial methods

Science.gov (United States)

Khairuddin Matyuso Nasution, Mahyuddin

2018-01-01

Often the nature of something affects methods to resolve the related issues about it. Likewise, methods to extract social networks from the Web, but involve the structured data types differently. This paper reveals several methods of social network extraction from the same sources that is Web: the basic superficial method, the underlying superficial method, the description superficial method, and the related superficial methods. In complexity we derive the inequalities between methods and so are their computations. In this case, we find that different results from the same tools make the difference from the more complex to the simpler: Extraction of social network by involving co-occurrence is more complex than using occurrences.

[Superficial venous thrombosis. A state of art].

Science.gov (United States)

Sándor, Tamás

2017-01-01

For a long time superficial thrombophlebitis has been thought to be a rather benign condition. Recently, when duplex ultrasound technique is used for the diagnosis more and more often, the disease is proved to be more dangerous than anticipated. Thrombosis propagates to the deep veins in 6-44% and pulmonary embolism was observed on the patients in 1,5-33%. We can calculate venous thromboembolic complications on every fourth patient. Diagnosis is clinical, but duplex ultrasound examination is mandatory, for estimation of the thrombus extent, for exclusion of the deep venous thrombosis and for follow up. Both legs should be checked with ultrasound, because simultaneous deep venous thrombosis can develop on the contralateral limb. Two different forms can be distinguished: superficial venous thrombosis with, or without varicose veins. In cases of spontaneous, non varicous form, especially when the process is migrating or recurrent, a careful clinical examination is necessery for exclusion of malignant diseases and thrombophilia. The treatment options are summarised on the basis of recent international consensus statements. The American and German guidelines are similar. Compression and mobilisation are cornerstones of the therapy. For a short segment thrombosis non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs are effective. For longer segments low molecular-weight heparins are preferred. Information on the effect of the novel oral anticoagulants for the therapy is lacking but they may appear to be effective in the future for this indication. When thrombus is close to the sapheno-femoral or sapheno-popliteal junction crossectomy (high ligation), or low molecular-weight heparin in therapeutic doses are indicated. The term superficial thrombophlebitis should be discouraged, because inflammation and infection is not the primary pathology. It should be called correctly superficial venous thrombosis in order to avoid the unnecessary administration of antibiotics and the misconception

Investigación en Terapéutica clínica: Ensayos clínicos con medicamentos Research in Therapeutics: Clinical trials with drugs

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José Antonio Durán Quintana

2004-03-01

Full Text Available La investigación biomédica mediante ensayos clínicos ofrece rasgos propios: finalidad concreta, aplicabilidad inmediata y efectuarse sobre seres humanos. Está sometida al ordenamiento jurídico, y en nuestro país específicamente al Real Decreto 223/2.004. Se puede definir al ensayo clínico como una prueba científica de un fármaco, aceptada por el enfermo y amparada por la ley. En cualquier caso, siempre deben respetarse los postulados éticos básicos: autonomía, justicia, beneficencia y no maleficencia. Los protagonistas de un ensayo clínico son: promotor, monitor, investigador y los sujetos del ensayo, todos ellos ensamblados por las autoridades sanitarias. Para su aprobación, el ensayo clínico necesita la existencia de un protocolo específico. El principal problema en la realización de ensayos clínicos es conseguir la coordinación de todas las personas e instituciones participantes en el mismo.Biomedical research via clinical trials offers certain features: defined aim, immediate applicability, and implementation on human beings. It is subject to the legal system - in Spain, specifically to the Real Decreto 223/2.004. The clinical trial can be defined as the scientific testing of a drug, accepted by the patient and safeguarded by law. In all cases, the basic ethical postulates of independence, equity, virtue, and non-harmfulness must always be respected. The participants in a clinical trial are the promoter, the supervisor, the researcher, and the subjects under trial - all convened by the health authorities. The approval of a clinical trial requires the existence of a specific protocol. The main problem in carrying out clinical trials is to achieve the co-ordination of all the people and institutions taking part.

Research reactor fuel bundle design review by means of hydrodynamic testing; Ensayos hidrodinamicos para verificacion de diseno de un elemento combustible para reactores de investigacion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pastorini, A; Belinco, C [Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, San Martin (Argentina). Centro Atomico Constituyentes

1998-12-31

During the design steps of a fuel bundle for a nuclear reactor, some vibration tests are usually necessary to verify the prototype dynamical response characteristics and the structural integrity. To perform these tests, the known hydrodynamic loop facilities are used to evaluate the vibrational response of the bundle under the different flow conditions that may appear in the reactor. This paper describes the tests performed on a 19 plate fuel bundle prototype designed for a low power research reactor. The tests were done in order to know the dynamical characteristics of the plates and also of the whole bundle under different flow rate conditions. The paper includes a description of the test facilities and the results obtained during the dynamical characterization tests and some preliminary comments about the tests under flowing water are also presented. (author) 4 refs., 12 figs., 4 tabs. [Espanol] Durante el diseno de un elemento combustible para un reactor nuclear se requiere de la realizacion de ensayos con el objeto de verificar el comportamiento de ese diseno y permitir, de ser necesario, la introduccion de modificaciones al mismo. Para verificar las caracteristicas de respuesta dinamica e integridad estructural, se realizan ensayos de vibraciones que incluyen someter al prototipo a condiciones de circulacion del fluido similares a las que soportara durante la operacion del reactor. Estos ensayos se realizan en facilidades de ensayos conocidas como circuitos hidrodinamicos, que permiten no solo someter el prototipo al flujo de fluido, sino tambien obtener una adecuada caracterizacion de la respuesta del mismo a traves del luso de sensores de distinto tipo. En este trabajo se describen los ensayos realizados sobre un prototipo de elemento combustible de 19 placas destinado a un reactor de investigacion multiproposito de baja potencia. Los ensayos tuvieron como objetivo conocer la respuesta dinamica de las placas individuales y del elemento combustible en su

Modelo de superficie de respuesta que permite inferir concentración de nitrógeno en “compost” producido a partir de desechos orgánicos

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Carmen Carolla

2009-09-01

nitrógeno sea reproducible. La tarea se planteó aplicando el diseño experimental de Box-Behnken, una herramienta estadística en la cual se utilizaron cuatro factores o variables independientes a tres niveles, que fueron: porciones agregadas de desechos (D, cantidad de aserrín (C y humedad agregada (A, así como el periodo de aireación (B. La respuesta medida como indicador del aporte de nutriente fue el nitrógeno (N. Este diseño se elaboró en base a 29 ensayos, donde se combinaron los factores considerados. El modelo de superficie consistió en la obtención de una función estocástica cuadrática que tiene la siguiente ecuación general: donde Y corresponde a la respuesta analizada y X1, X2….X4 a los cuatro factores escogidos. El valor ε es el error aleatorio. La ecuación obtenida producto de este ensayo fue: ln N-Amoniacal = lny2 = - 2,17 - 0,069 A - 0,24 B - 0,48 C + 0,15 D. Con la ecuación estimada se ubica el punto máximo de la cantidad de nitrógeno en la superficie de respuesta. Para comprobar el modelo obtenido se elaboró otro abono de acuerdo a las condiciones máximas que indicaba el Modelo de superficie de respuesta y se encontró que la cantidad de nitrógeno era la esperada de acuerdo a éste, el cual permite establecer las condiciones óptimas para preparar abono orgánico a partir de los desechos provenientes del comedor universitario, cuyo aporte de nitrógeno es reproducible.

BITUMINOUS MIX RESPONSE TO PLASTIC DEFORMATIONS: COMPARISON OF THE SPANISH NLT-173 AND UNE-EN 12697-22 WHEEL-TRACKING TESTS

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GEMA GARCÍA-TRAVÉ

2012-01-01

Full Text Available La formación de roderas es uno de los mayores deterioros que se producen en los firmes flexibles, lo que ocasiona la pérdida de regularidad superficial que repercute de forma negativa en la calidad del servicio prestado a los usuarios. Existen distintos ensayos de laboratorio que permiten evaluar las deformaciones plásticas producidas en las capas del pavimento, entre ellos podemos destacar los ensayos de simulación. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el comportamiento de una mezcla bituminosa en caliente frente a deformaciones plásticas, mediante dos métodos de ensayo diferentes; ensayo en pista de laboratorio de acuerdo a la normativa española NLT-173 y el ensayo de rodadura UNE-EN 12697-22 (ensayo obligatorio tras la entrada en vigor del Marcado CE de mezclas bituminosas en 2008. La finalidad última de este artículo es formular una propuesta de modificación de la normativa española (PG-3 sobre los límites exigibles en éste último ensayo.

Major Superficial White Matter Abnormalities in Huntington's Disease

Science.gov (United States)

Phillips, Owen R.; Joshi, Shantanu H.; Squitieri, Ferdinando; Sanchez-Castaneda, Cristina; Narr, Katherine; Shattuck, David W.; Caltagirone, Carlo; Sabatini, Umberto; Di Paola, Margherita

2016-01-01

Background: The late myelinating superficial white matter at the juncture of the cortical gray and white matter comprising the intracortical myelin and short-range association fibers has not received attention in Huntington's disease. It is an area of the brain that is late myelinating and is sensitive to both normal aging and neurodegenerative disease effects. Therefore, it may be sensitive to Huntington's disease processes. Methods: Structural MRI data from 25 Pre-symptomatic subjects, 24 Huntington's disease patients and 49 healthy controls was run through a cortical pattern-matching program. The surface corresponding to the white matter directly below the cortical gray matter was then extracted. Individual subject's Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) data was aligned to their structural MRI data. Diffusivity values along the white matter surface were then sampled at each vertex point. DTI measures with high spatial resolution across the superficial white matter surface were then analyzed with the General Linear Model to test for the effects of disease. Results: There was an overall increase in the axial and radial diffusivity across much of the superficial white matter (p < 0.001) in Pre-symptomatic subjects compared to controls. In Huntington's disease patients increased diffusivity covered essentially the whole brain (p < 0.001). Changes are correlated with genotype (CAG repeat number) and disease burden (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study showed broad abnormalities in superficial white matter even before symptoms are present in Huntington's disease. Since, the superficial white matter has a unique microstructure and function these abnormalities suggest it plays an important role in the disease. PMID:27242403

Contrastación de esquemas de ensayo en carros cesta; Test schemes contrastation in bucket trucks

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José Á Martínez Barbado

2011-02-01

Full Text Available La verificación de las condiciones dieléctricas de los dispositivos y equipos utilizados en trabajos conlíneas energizadas resulta vital para la seguridad del personal. Los laboratorios de ensayos especializadosen este campo tienen la responsabilidad de aplicar métodos y procedimientos normalizados o validados,con el fin de obtener resultados confiables. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un estudiodonde se aplicó el método de ensayo de medición de la corriente de filtración en carros cesta, empleandodos esquemas diferentes. Los resultados indican diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los valoresde la corriente de filtración entre ambos esquemas para la sección aislante superior y en dos niveles detensión de ensayo. Verification of the dielectric conditions of devices and equipments used in works with energized lines isimportant for the personnel's security. The specialized test laboratories in this field have the responsibilityof applying methods and normalized or validated procedures, with the purpose of obtaining reliable results.In this paper there are presented the results of a study where the test method of the leakage currentmeasurement is applied in bucket trucks, using two different schemes. The results indicate statisticallysignificant differences between both schemes in the leakage current values for the superior boom and twotest voltage levels.

Ensayo de abrasión de Darmstadt para tuberías de alcantarillado pluvial: revisión de condiciones experimentales

OpenAIRE

Andrés Eduardo Torres Abello; Juan Dionisio Zambrano Ramírez

2009-01-01

El ensayo de abrasión de Darmstadt se ha utilizado principalmente para comparar la abrasión de diferentes tipos de tuberías. Sin embargo, no se han evidenciado claramente aún relaciones entre los resultados obtenidos mediante dicho ensayo y variables como la vida útil de los materiales o la composición del agua transportada. A partir de un montaje experimental, similar al de Darmstadt, se ensayaron tubos de concreto sin revestimiento, haciendo variar las condiciones experimentales. Se observó...

Superficial or deep implantation of motor nerve after denervation: an experimental study--superficial or deep implantation of motor nerve.

Science.gov (United States)

Askar, Ibrahím; Sabuncuoglu, Bízden Tavíl

2002-01-01

Neurorraphy, conventional nerve grafting technique, and artificial nerve conduits are not enough for repair in severe injuries of peripheral nerves, especially when there is separation of motor nerve from muscle tissue. In these nerve injuries, reinnervation is indicated for neurotization. The distal end of a peripheral nerve is divided into fascicles and implanted into the aneural zone of target muscle tissue. It is not known how deeply fascicles should be implanted into muscle tissue. A comparative study of superficial and deep implantation of separated motor nerve into muscle tissue is presented in the gastrocnemius muscle of rabbits. In this experimental study, 30 white New Zealand rabbits were used and divided into 3 groups of 10 rabbits each. In the first group (controls, group I), only surgical exposure of the gastrocnemius muscle and motor nerve (tibial nerve) was done without any injury to nerves. In the superficial implantation group (group II), tibial nerves were separated and divided into their own fascicles. These fascicles were implanted superficially into the lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle-aneural zone. In the deep implantation group (group III), the tibial nerves were separated and divided into their own fascicles. These fascicles were implanted around the center of the muscle mass, into the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle-aneural zone. Six months later, histopathological changes and functional recovery of the gastrocnemius muscle were investigated. Both experimental groups had less muscular weight than in the control group. It was found that functional recovery was achieved in both experimental groups, and was better in the superficial implantation group than the deep implantation group. EMG recordings revealed that polyphasic and late potentials were frequently seen in both experimental groups. Degeneration and regeneration of myofibrils were observed in both experimental groups. New motor end-plates were formed in a scattered

HISTOPATHOLOGY OF MARGINAL SUPERFICIAL PERIODONTIUM AT MENOPAUSE

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A. Georgescu

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Premises: Sexual hormones may affect the general health condition of women, as early as puberty, continuing during pregnancy and also after menopause. Variations of the hormonal levels may cause different – either local or general – pathological modifications. Sexual hormones may also affect periodontal status, favourizing gingival inflammations and reducing periodontal resistance to the action of the bacterial plaque. Scope: Establishment of the correlations between the debut or the manifestation of menopause and the modifications produced in the superficial periodontium. Materials and method: Clinical and paraclinical investigations were performed on female patients with ages between 45 and 66 years, involving macroscopic, microscopic and radiological recording of the aspect of the superificial periodontium (gingiva. Results: Analysis of the histological sections evidenced atrophic and involutive modifications in the marginal superficial periodontium of female patients at menopause. Conclusions: Sexual hormones intervene in the histological equilibrium of the marginal superficial periodontium, influencing the periodontal health status, which explains the correlation between the subjective symptomatology specific to menopause and the histopatological aspect at epithelial level.

Diagnosis and treatment of superficial esophageal cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Barret, Maximilien; Prat, Frédéric

2018-01-01

Endoscopy allows for the screening, early diagnosis, treatment and follow up of superficial esophageal cancer. Endoscopic submucosal dissection has become the gold standard for the resection of superficial squamous cell neoplasia. Combinations of endoscopic mucosal resection and radiofrequency ablation are the mainstay of the management of Barrett's associated neoplasia. However, protruded, non-lifting or large lesions may be better managed by endoscopic submucosal dissection. Novel ablation tools, such as argon plasma coagulation with submucosal lifting and cryoablation balloons, are being developed for the treatment of residual Barrett's esophagus, since iatrogenic strictures still hamper the development of extensive circumferential resections in the esophagus. Optimal surveillance modalities after endoscopic resection are still to be determined. The assessment of the risk of lymph-node metastases, as well as of the need for additional treatments based on qualitative and quantitative histological criteria, balanced to the patient's condition, requires a dedicated multidisciplinary team decision process. The need for trained endoscopists, expert pathologists and surgeons, and specialized multidisciplinary meetings underlines the role of expert centers in the management of superficial esophageal cancer.

Local superficial hyperthermia in combination with low-dose radiation therapy for palliation of superficially localized metastases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Owczarek, G.; Miszczyk, L.

2005-01-01

Full text: The aim of this study is to evaluate the response of superficially located metastases and local toxicity to microwave hyperthermia combined with radiation therapy. From May 2003 through December 2004 58 patients (33 male, 25 female; mean age 60 years) with lymph nodes or skin metastases were treated with microwave superficial hyperthermia combined with low-dose radiation therapy. Hyperthermia was administered twice weekly with high frequency applicator (∼900 Mhz) with water bolus. The temperature was set to 43 o C for 45 minutes. Radiotherapy was performed daily with dose 2 Gy or 4 Gy per fraction, to a total dose 20 Gy. There were 47 patients with carcinoma, 4 with sarcoma, 7 with melanoma. Treated regions were: head and neck (37 patients), chest wall 8, abdomen wall and groins 4, upper and lower limb 2 and 8 patients respectively. Primary tumor sites were: head and neck region (9 patients), lung 15, alimentary tract 8, breast 5, soft tissue 8, urogenital 4 and 9 patients with primary tumor site unknown. The toxicity was evaluated using 6 step scale: 0-no skin reaction, 1-faint red mark, 2-distinct red mark, 3-blisters, 4-brown mark, 5-necrosis. Presence of pain and its intensity were also analyzed. Diameter of tumor after the treatment was observed. Complete response was achieved in 5 patients (8.5 %), and partial response in 29 patients (50 %), no response was observed in 12 patients (20 %) and progression of tumor in 7 patients (12 %). No skin reaction was observed in 3 patients, faint red mark in 14 patients, distinct red mark in 28 patients, blisters in 8 patients, brown mark in 4 patients and necrosis in 1 patient. The pain occurred in 9 patients but it was no the cause of stopping treatment. Local superficial hyperthermia combined with low-dose radiation therapy is an effective method of treatment in a proportion of patients with superficial metastases. This combination of treatment modalities is well tolerated and is useful for palliation

Inmunidad bucal en la primera infancia

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Enrique Rotemberg Wilf

Full Text Available La aparición precoz de enfermedades bucales infecciosas y transmisibles en niños, como caries dentales y enfermedad periodontal, resulta de un desequilibrio entre los mecanismos defensivos del huésped y la virulencia de microorganismos presentes en el medio bucal, a favor de estos últimos. La erupción dentaria que comienza desde el primer año de vida brinda nuevos hábitat a las bacterias en el medio bucal como la superficie del esmalte dental y el surco gingival en el paradencio de inserción dentaria, propicios para el desarrollo de especies bacterianas cariogénicas y/o paradenciopáticas. Este desarrollo es favorecido por condiciones adversas como dieta rica en azúcares fermentables, higiene bucal deficitaria, malposiciones dentarias, escasa secreción salival, hábitos prolongados nocivos como succión no nutritiva, respiración bucal, masticación mínima por ingesta de alimentos que casi no requieren procesamiento para ser deglutidos. Es prioritario controlar los circuitos de infectividad bucal, especialmente durante la primera infancia, cuando el sistema inmune del niño aún está inmaduro y comienza a tomar contacto con antígenos. La madre por el estrecho vínculo físico con su hijo resulta el principal transmisor de gérmenes, sumado a la fase de reconocimiento oral del niño de su propio cuerpo y el entorno. Pese a ello el niño cuenta desde el nacimiento con mecanismos de defensa innatos y otros adquiridos pasivamente en la gestación y a través de la lactancia materna, que dificultan el desarrollo de enfermedades infecciosas bucales y sistémicas

Superficial parotidectomy via facelift incision

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lohuis, Peter J. F. M.; Tan, M. Liane; Bonte, Katrien; van den Brekel, Michiel W. M.; Balm, Alfons J. M.; Vermeersch, Hubert B.

2009-01-01

The stigma of a visually prominent facial scar following parotid surgery can be distressing to a young patient. The surgical technique of parotidectomy via a facelift incision is described and evaluated. Thirty patients with a benign lesion of the parotid gland underwent a partial superficial

Physiological Laterality of Superficial Cerebral Veins on Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging.

Science.gov (United States)

Matsushima, Satoshi; Shimizu, Tetsuya; Gomi, Taku; Fukuda, Kunihiko

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether laterality of the superficial cerebral veins can be seen on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) in patients with no intracranial lesions that affect venous visualization. We retrospectively evaluated 386 patients who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging including SWI in our institute. Patients with a lesion with the potential to affect venous visualization on SWI were excluded. Two neuroradiologists visually evaluated the findings and scored the visualization of the superficial cerebral veins. Of the 386 patients, 315 (81.6%) showed no obvious laterality on venous visualization, 64 (16.6%) showed left-side dominant laterality, and 7 (1.8%) showed right-side dominant laterality. Left-side dominant physiological laterality exists in the visualization of the superficial cerebral veins on SWI. Therefore, when recognizing left-side dominant laterality of the superficial cerebral veins on SWI, the radiologist must also consider the possibility of physiological laterality.

Estandarización del ensayo del lisado de amebocitos de Limulus (LAL:: método de gelificación

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Rolando Perdomo Morales

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Entre las principales aplicaciones del método del lisado de amebocitos de Limulus (LAL está el control de endotoxinas en producto final de drogas parenterales. Para la aplicación exitosa del ensayo se requiere del dominio de un conjunto de habilidades, por lo que usualmente se corre en laboratorios especializados que ya cuentan con una basta experiencia. Aunque ya es un método ampliamente establecido y conocido, la aplicación del ensayo puede ser laborioso, consumir tiempo y reactivos hasta la obtención de resultados correctos. En el presente trabajo se describe la estandarización del ensayo del LAL por el método de gelificación. Se evalúan varias estrategias con la finalidad de optimizar y/o reducir el tiempo total de ensayo, el empleo de materiales como puntas certificadas libres de endotoxinas, tubos de ensayo y la sustitución de agua libre de endotoxinas suministrada por los fabricantes de reactivo LAL por agua para inyección. El procedimiento estandarizado produce resultados válidos según los criterios de la Farmacopea de EE.UU.The control of endotoxins in the final product of parenteral drugs is among the main applications of the limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL. For the successful application of this test, it is necessary to have a thorough knowledge of a series of abilities. That's why, it is usually made at specialized laboratories having a vast experience. In spite of the fact that it is already a widely established and known method, the application of the assay may be laborious, take time and consume reagents until the obtention of the right results. In the present paper, it is described the standardization of the LAL assay by the gelification method. Various strategies are evaluated in order to optimize and/or reduce the total time of the assay, the use of materials as certified endotoxin-free points, test tubes, and the substitution of endotoxin-free water, supplied by the manufacturers of LAL reagent, by injection water

Valoración de la calidad metodológica y ética de los ensayos clínicos publicados en revistas de medicina de familia (2010-2013).

Science.gov (United States)

Castaño-García, Alberto; Guillén-Grima, Francisco; León-Sanz, Pilar

Evaluar algunas variables sobre la calidad metodológica y ética de los ensayos clínicos publicados en 10 revistas de medicina de familia. Estudio descriptivo de calidad sobre 10 revistas de medicina de familia incluyendo ensayos clínicos en humanos publicados entre 2010 y 2013. Obtuvimos 141 ensayos clínicos y fueron excluidos 2447. Ensayos clínicos controlados paralelos en el 92,9% (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%]: 92.0-93.9). Aleatorización enmascarada en el 72.3% (IC 95%: 71.7-73.1), descentralizada en el 51.8% (IC 95%: 51.4-52…4) y utilizando como control un tratamiento activo el 82.2% (IC 95%: 81.5-83.1). Consentimiento informado escrito en el 48.9% (IC 95%: 48.5-49.5) y no fue retirado en el 56.0% (IC 95%: 55.5-56.7). En 134 ensayos clínicos se contó con la aprobación por un comité ético de investigación clínica (CEIC), y en 117 no hubo conflicto de intereses. Se obtuvo un κ medio de 0,96 (IC 95%: 0.93-0.99). Observamos, tras considerar las normas CONSORT, un aumento en algunas variables de calidad, como la aleatorización enmascarada (19.6%) y la aprobación por un CEIC (75%), en los ensayos clínicos publicados en 10 revistas de medicina de familia (2010-2013). Copyright: © 2018 SecretarÍa de Salud

Estudio normativo y diseño de un Laboratorio de Ensayos de Materiales Explosivos

OpenAIRE

Hernández Rodríguez, José Luis

2017-01-01

Se pretende que el alumno utilice los conocimientos adquiridos durante sus estudios de grado para diseñar un Laboratorio en el que poder realizar los ensayos normalizados de las características de los productos explosivos de utilización industrial. Escuela de Ingeniería de Caminos y Minas Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena

Computations in the deep vs superficial layers of the cerebral cortex.

Science.gov (United States)

Rolls, Edmund T; Mills, W Patrick C

2017-11-01

A fundamental question is how the cerebral neocortex operates functionally, computationally. The cerebral neocortex with its superficial and deep layers and highly developed recurrent collateral systems that provide a basis for memory-related processing might perform somewhat different computations in the superficial and deep layers. Here we take into account the quantitative connectivity within and between laminae. Using integrate-and-fire neuronal network simulations that incorporate this connectivity, we first show that attractor networks implemented in the deep layers that are activated by the superficial layers could be partly independent in that the deep layers might have a different time course, which might because of adaptation be more transient and useful for outputs from the neocortex. In contrast the superficial layers could implement more prolonged firing, useful for slow learning and for short-term memory. Second, we show that a different type of computation could in principle be performed in the superficial and deep layers, by showing that the superficial layers could operate as a discrete attractor network useful for categorisation and feeding information forward up a cortical hierarchy, whereas the deep layers could operate as a continuous attractor network useful for providing a spatially and temporally smooth output to output systems in the brain. A key advance is that we draw attention to the functions of the recurrent collateral connections between cortical pyramidal cells, often omitted in canonical models of the neocortex, and address principles of operation of the neocortex by which the superficial and deep layers might be specialized for different types of attractor-related memory functions implemented by the recurrent collaterals. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Long-term evolution of superficial optic disc drusen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Larsen, Lasse Malmqvist; Lund-Andersen, Henrik; Hamann, Steffen

2017-01-01

with hereditary ODD were included. Results: Mean age at initial and follow-up examination was, respectively, 16.8 and 73.3 years. The median follow-up time was 56 years. A minimal or non-existing change in superficial ODD anatomy (size and number) was seen in 10 of 12 eyes. There was a tendency towards more......Purpose: Optic disc drusen (ODD) is hyaline deposits in the optic nerve head seen in 1-2% of the population. Long-term evolution of ODD anatomy and visual field defects in ODD patients is a key factor for learning more about pathophysiology and prognosis of the condition. With a median follow......-up period of 56 years, this is the first study that evaluates superficial optic disc anatomy and visual fields in patients with ODD over a life span. Methods: Observational case series investigating progression of superficial optic disc anatomy and visual fields in ODD patients. Eight patients...

What factors control superficial lava dome explosivity?

Science.gov (United States)

Boudon, Georges; Balcone-Boissard, Hélène; Villemant, Benoît; Morgan, Daniel J

2015-09-30

Dome-forming eruption is a frequent eruptive style and a major hazard on numerous volcanoes worldwide. Lava domes are built by slow extrusion of degassed, viscous magma and may be destroyed by gravitational collapse or explosion. The triggering of lava dome explosions is poorly understood: here we propose a new model of superficial lava-dome explosivity based upon a textural and geochemical study (vesicularity, microcrystallinity, cristobalite distribution, residual water contents, crystal transit times) of clasts produced by key eruptions. Superficial explosion of a growing lava dome may be promoted through porosity reduction caused by both vesicle flattening due to gas escape and syn-eruptive cristobalite precipitation. Both processes generate an impermeable and rigid carapace allowing overpressurisation of the inner parts of the lava dome by the rapid input of vesiculated magma batches. The relative thickness of the cristobalite-rich carapace is an inverse function of the external lava dome surface area. Explosive activity is thus more likely to occur at the onset of lava dome extrusion, in agreement with observations, as the likelihood of superficial lava dome explosions depends inversely on lava dome volume. This new result is of interest for the whole volcanological community and for risk management.

MODELACION DEL CRECIMIENTO Y RENDIMIENTO EN BIOMASA AREA DE ENSAYOS DENDROENERGETICOS

OpenAIRE

SANDOVAL ROCHA, SIMON PEDRO

2011-01-01

En Chile, la generación de energía a partir de cultivos dendroenergéticos aún no ha sido implementada operativamente, por lo cual, tanto las actividades silvícolas asociadas a estos cultivos como su rendimiento son aún desconocidas; recientemente sólo áreas experimentales están siendo destinadas a la producción de biomasa para dendroenergía. Dos ensayos fueron establecidos en sitios del secano interior de la VIII Región, los cuales se caracterizan por poseer importantes déficits nutriciona...

Superficie Específica y Estado Vital de la Materia

OpenAIRE

J. Hernando Ordoñez

1992-01-01

Se propone reemplazar el término de materia viva por el de estado vital de la materia por considerarlo adecuado, pues la materia es la misma, lo que cambia es su estado. Se estudia la relación entre la superficie específica y el estado vital de la materia. Constante del estado vital y el valor crítico de la superficie específica. Qué es la fuerza de inducción vital? Diferenciación funcional de las células. Cómo regula la unidad biológica su superficie específica? La materia que piens...

SUPERFICIAL CERVICAL PLEXUS BLOCK

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Komang Mega Puspadisari

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Superficial cervical plexus block is one of the regional anesthesia in  neck were limited to thesuperficial fascia. Anesthesia is used to relieve pain caused either during or after the surgery iscompleted. This technique can be done by landmark or with ultrasound guiding. The midpointof posterior border of the Sternocleidomastoid was identified and the prosedure done on thatplace or on the level of cartilage cricoid.

Relación placa bacteriana y caries en un grupo de niños escolarizados entre 5 y 14 años de la población de la Boquilla - Cartagena en el año 20041

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Lizelia Alfaro Zolá

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Describir la ocurrencia de placa bacteriana en las superficies dentales y relacionarla con el tipo de lesión de caries que se presenta en niños escolares de 5 a 14 años de la Boquilla - Cartagena. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, en el cual se seleccionó una muestra de 89 niños escolares de la población de la Boquilla a través de un muestreo aleatorio sistemático, a quienes se les evaluó el estado de higiene oral mediante el índice de placa comunitario de Corchuelo modificado y el índice de caries superficial con criterios de diagnóstico Ekstrand. Resultados: La superficie con lesiones de caries de mayor frecuencia fue la oclusal, presentándose un mayor numero de lesiones detenidas, seguido en palatino por las lesiones precavitacionales, a diferencia de las superficies vestibular y lingual donde se encontraron un mayor número de superficies sanas. En todas las superficies evaluadas predominó la presencia de placa bacteriana independientemente de la presencia de caries y no se encontró una relación estadísticamente significativa entre estas dos variables. Conclusiones: La alta frecuencia de placa bacteriana en las superficies dentarias nos mostró el deficiente estado de higiene oral de la población, sin embargo, sigue en duda la pertinencia de los índices de placa para la predicción de la caries debido a que no se encontró relación estadística. (Duazary 2007; 2: 119 - 126

Comportamiento de la pendiente en el ensayo de linealidad del Rapigluco-Test

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Victoria Licea Tornés

2001-04-01

Full Text Available Se estudió el comportamiento de la pendiente y el coeficiente de determinación en el ensayo de linealidad del RapiGluco-Test, a partir del análisis de los lotes producidos en 1998. Se examinaron las curvas de calibración mediante un análisis de regresión lineal simple; además, se aplicaron otras herramientas de estadística descriptiva para el análisis de los resultados. Para la evaluación de ensayo de linealidad además del coeficiente de determinación (r²³0,98, se propuso incluir la pendiente de la curva y se estableció para la aprobación del RapiGluco-Test un rango de 0,058 a 0,064.The behavior of the slope and the coefficient of determination in the lineality test of the RapiGluco-Test were studied by analyzing those batches produced in 1998. The calibration curves were examined by simple linear regression analysis. Other tools of descriptive statistics were applied to anlyze the results. Besides the coefficient of determination for the evaluation of the lineality test (r² ³0.98, the slope of the curve was also included and a range from 0.058 to 0.064 was established for the approval of the RapiGluco-Test.

Resultados de ensayos de soldadura a tope y por solape, con electrodo, de barras de aceros estirados en frío

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Calavera Ruiz, José

1969-03-01

Full Text Available The authors report on a series of tests carried out in the welding of reinforced concrete bars. The tested bars were cold drawn, with elastic limits of 4,200 and 5,000 kg/cm2. The tests included butt and overlap welding, involving excentric and axial overlaps, with joint reinforcements. Results of these experiments show that if the indicated method is adopted, including an average standard of workmanship, the weld attains 100 % of the bar strength.Los autores dan cuenta de una serie de ensayos realizados sobre soldadura de barras para hormigón armado. Las barras ensayadas son de acero estirado en frío con límites elásticos de 4.200 y 5.000 kp/cm2. Los ensayos abarcaron la soldadura a tope y la soldadura por solape, con sus variantes de solape excéntrico y solape centrado con cubrejuntas. Los resultados de los ensayos demuestran que siguiendo la técnica indicada, y con una calidad normal de ejecución, la soldadura presenta el 100 % de la resistencia de la barra.

Rol del estado en los ensayos clínicos Role of government in clinical trials

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Pilar Mazzetti

2012-12-01

Full Text Available La regulación de los ensayos clínicos por el Estado es un proceso en constante cambio y adecuación, cuyo reto actual consiste en salvaguardar la seguridad de los participantes y equilibrar la carga administrativa. El desarrollo y la regulación de los ensayos clínicos en los distintos países varían según la realidad, el contexto, su ejecución nacional o multinacional, condicionando que la regulación puramente nacional resulte insuficiente y se precise conocer parte de la regulación internacional. El objetivo de esta publicación es mostrar una visión global del rol de Estado en la regulación de los ensayos clínicos en distintas realidades. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión de la regulación en la Unión Europea, Estados Unidos de Norteamérica y algunos países de Latinoamérica, para llegar finalmente al Perú. La tendencia actual en la regulación de los ensayos clínicos, se caracteriza por el incremento en los estándares de calidad, el garantizar la seguridad de los participantes, promover la transparencia, la disminución de los procesos burocráticos y el fortalecimiento de los comités de ética, en el marco de procesos democráticos abiertos, que convoquen e integren a todos los interesados en procesos dinámicos basados en el conocimiento actual y los cambios que se suceden. El reto actual es promover el desarrollo de ensayos clínicos desde el Estado (universidades, centros de investigación, institutos especializados, hospitales, etc. para los aspectos que el país necesita, incluidos medicamentos huérfanos, enfermedades prevalentes y abandonadas, y el uso terapéutico de los principios activos originarios.The regulation of clinical trials by the Government is a process of continuous change and adaptation, current challenge is to ensure the safety of participants and get balance of administrative procedures. Development and regulation of clinical trials in different countries vary according to the situation

Surgimiento, evolución y principales resultados del Centro Nacional Coordinador de Ensayos Clínicos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Amparo Pascual López

2011-03-01

Full Text Available En la década de los 90, el desarrollo acelerado de la Industria Médico Farmacéutica cubana impuso la necesidad de crear estructuras que garantizaran la evaluación clínica de productos para su introducción a la práctica médica y posterior comercialización. Uno de los centros fundados para contribuir con estos fines fue el Centro Nacional Coordinador de Ensayos Clínicos. El presente trabajo recoge en síntesis las razones que motivaron la creación del centro y muestra, brevemente, su desarrollo organizacional por más de 17 años. Describe, además, los principales componentes del sistema de diseño y conducción de ensayos clínicos; así como los aportes más significativos de cada uno de ellos para el cumplimiento de sus objetivos como centro.

Optimización de las condiciones de ensayo para la determinación de la voluminosidad y resiliencia de lana merina peinada.

OpenAIRE

Naik, Arun; Roig Valls, Sara; Gómez de Paula, Ma Nieves

1998-01-01

En este trabajo se estudian las condiciones óptimas para la realización del ensayo de voluminosidad y resiliencia para cintas de lana merina española peinada mediante la utilización del equipo bulkómeter. Para realizar esta optimización se escogieron tres lanas con diferentes características estructurales y basándonos en el procedimiento descrito en la norma IWS TM 265 para lanas cardadas, se variaron las condiciones de ensayo (carga y tiempo de ciclo), obteniendo unas condiciones óptimas. Fi...

Desarrollo de un software de reconocimiento de imagen para ensayos EMC de inmunidad

OpenAIRE

Cerro Gálvez, Ibán

2012-01-01

Desenvolupar un software de reconeixement d'imatge per a detectar mal funcionaments durant els assaigs d'immunitat d'EMC. [ANGLÈS] Develop an image recognition software to detect errors during EMC immunity test. [CASTELLÀ] Desarrollar un software de reconocimiento de imagen para detectar el mal funcionamiento durante los ensayos de inmunidad del EMC. [CATALÀ] Desenvolupar un software de reconeixement d'imatge per a detectar mal funcionaments durant els assaigs d'immunitat d'EMC.

DETERMINATION OF SUPERFICIAL ABSORBED DOSE FROM EXTERNAL EXPOSURE OF WEAKLY PENETRATING RADIATIONS

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

陈丽姝

1994-01-01

The methods of determining the superficial absorbed dose distributions in a water phantom by means of the experiments and available theories have been reported.The distributions of beta dose were measured by an extrapolation ionization chamber at definite depthes corresponding to some superficial organs and tissues such as the radiosensitive layer of the skin,cornea,sclera,anterior chamber and lens of eyeball.The ratios among superficial absorbed dose D(0.07) and average absorbed doses at the depthes 1,2,3,4,5 and 6mm are also obtained with Cross's methods.They can be used for confining the deterministic effects of some superficial tissues and organs such as the skin and the components of eyeball for weakly penetrating radiations.

Superficial Priming in Episodic Recognition

Science.gov (United States)

Dopkins, Stephen; Sargent, Jesse; Ngo, Catherine T.

2010-01-01

We explored the effect of superficial priming in episodic recognition and found it to be different from the effect of semantic priming in episodic recognition. Participants made recognition judgments to pairs of items, with each pair consisting of a prime item and a test item. Correct positive responses to the test item were impeded if the prime…

Pigmented basal cell carcinoma mimicking a superficial spreading melanoma

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Paula Hasbún Acuña

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Resumen El carcinoma basocelular es el cáncer de piel más frecuente, especialmente en personas de edad avanzada. El carcinoma basocelular pigmentado es una variante poco común que se ha descrito en la literatura como una lesión nodular hiperpigmentada. En raras ocasiones puede presentarse en forma de una extensa placa pigmentada, la cual puede ser clínicamente indistinguible del melanoma maligno de extensión superficial y de la enfermedad de Bowen. La dermatoscopía tiene una alta sensibilidad en el diagnóstico del carcinoma basocelular, cuando se utilizan los criterios de Menzies, aunque el diagnóstico final es histopatológico. El objetivo del presente trabajo es reportar y analizar el caso de una paciente con un extenso carcinoma basocelular superficial pigmentado, que simula un melanoma maligno de extensión superficial.

Incremento volumétrico de un ensayo con híbridos de Populus spp.

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Oscar Vallejos-Barra

2015-09-01

Full Text Available El aumento de los requerimientos energéticos demandados por la sociedad ha impulsado el interés por establecer ensayos para seleccionar especies o híbridos que en el menor tiempo posible generen la mayor cantidad de volumen o biomasa. En esta investigación, se determinó el incremento medio anual del volumen de un ensayo con híbridos de Populus con la finalidad de dar a conocer la potencialidad de los híbridos del catálogo del Centro Tecnológico del Álamo (CTA de la Universidad de Talca. De este catálogo se escogieron los seis híbridos más promisorios y se compararon con seis híbridos comerciales. El ensayo se estableció a 10 km al norte de la ciudad de Talca, en la estación experimental Panguilemo de la Universidad de Talca. En terreno se midió el diámetro basal y la altura por tres años a las seis plantas centrales de cada parcela, con cuatro repeticiones por híbrido para ambas densidades de plantación (5.000 y 10.000 plantas por hectárea. El volumen se calculó utilizando el exponente mórfico de un Paracono. El incremento volumétrico varió entre 5,306 y 15,828 m3 ha-1 año-1, detectando diferencias significativas entre los híbridos. El grupo de mayor productividad estuvo compuesto por cinco híbridos todos del catálogo del CTA. Este resultado demuestra que si se desea una mayor productividad en plantaciones dendroenergéticas que utilicen híbridos de Populus se deberían considerar algunos de los híbridos del catálogo del Centro Tecnológico del Álamo (CTA de la Universidad de Talca.

Ensayo no destructivo de soldaduras en pernos conectores mediante inspección acústica

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Aznar, A.

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Headed studs are nowadays the standard steel-concrete connectors because of their competitive advantages. Firstly, they provide a high degree of safety thanks to semiautomatic electric arc welding. These welds are not suitable for typical non-destructive tests. The analytical study comprises several models. The first vibration modes have been obtained. The experimental research has developed first the measurement of the natural frequencies of 28 headed-studs in the sonic range. Then they have been tested by non-destructive and destructive tests. Finally theirs tests have been compared with their respective frequency measurements. A clear relationship between the measured frequencies and the lack of penetration of the welds has been established, that confirms the analytical prediction of this effect of the internal weld imperfections. Therefore, the feasibility of simple and absolutely non-destructive tests of welded studs by in site measurement of natural frequencies in the sonic range has been clearly established in this work.

Los pernos conectores aportan múltiples ventajas de uso, entre las que se encuentra el elevado margen de seguridad que ofrecen sus soldaduras ejecutadas mediante arco eléctrico. Estas soldaduras, aunque ampliamente fiables, son difícilmente comprobadas mediante ensayos no destructivos. El presente estudio plantea la inspección de soldaduras de pernos conectores mediante su espectro acústico. Analíticamente, la investigación se ha centrado en el cálculo de los primeros modos propios de vibración. Experimentalmente se han medido las frecuencias propias de resonancia de 28 pernos, en los que posteriormente se han llevado a cabo ensayos tanto no destructivos como destructivos. Se ha obtenido, tanto teórica como experimentalmente, una relación entre la frecuencia de vibración de los pernos conectores y la calidad de la soldadura. Por ello se verifica la posibilidad de inspección de estas

Anatomía de la furca dentaria y lesiones de furcación. Parte 1. Revisión de tema

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Yuri Alejandro Castro Rodríguez

2015-01-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad periodontal, debida principalmente a la presencia de la biopelícula, provoca la pérdida de inserción y de hueso a nivel de las raíces dentales, el avance de la patología periodontal conlleva en los dientes multiradiculares a compromisos en la zona de furca; estos constituyen una lesión particular, única y difícil de tratar por las características anatómicas de la zona. La furca dental es la zona anatómica que comprende al área de división de las raíces de dientes multiradiculares; ya sean premolares o molares. Las patologías que afectan esta zona son muy complejas y reciben el nombre de lesiones de furcación o lesiones de la furca. Los defectos en furcaciones representan un gran reto para los terapistas debido a sus características anatómicas y a su variabilidad en cuanto a la forma de respuesta al tratamiento. La pérdida de inserción se desarrolla en sentido horizontal o vertical. Un amplio rango de modalidades de tratamiento han sido dirigidos a mantener esta área anatómica. El presente artículo recopila la información más actualizada y relevante de bases de datos como PubMed y Cochrane sobre la anatomía de dientes multiradiculares, la furca dentaria así como las consideraciones para el diagnóstico de las lesiones de furcación.

Superficial x-ray in-vivo dosimetry with MOSFET detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cheung, T.; Yu, P.K.N.; Butson, M.J.; Cancer Services, Wollongong, NSW

2004-01-01

Full text: This note investigates in-vivo dosimetry using a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) for radiotherapy treatment at superficial and orthovoltage x-ray energies. This was performed within one fraction of the patient's treatment. Standard measurements along with energy response of the detector are given. Results showed that the MOSFET measurements in-vivo agreed with calculated results on average within ± 5.6% over all superficial and orthovoltage energies. These variations were slightly larger than TLD results with variations between measured and calculated results being ± 5.0% for the same patient measurements. The MOSFET device provides adequate in-vivo dosimetry for superficial and orthovoltage energy treatments with the accuracy of the measurements seeming to be relatively on par with TLD in our case. The MOSFET does have the advantage of returning a relatively immediate dosimetric result after irradiation. Copyright (2004) Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine

Curso virtual de educación continuada para los profesionales de la salud vinculados a los ensayos clínicos

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Migdacelys Arboláez Estrada

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental para elevar la competencia y desempeño de profesionales de la salud vinculados a ensayos clínicos. El estudio contó de 3 fases: diagnóstico de las necesidades de información sobre la temática e identificación de las dificultades en el desempeño de la actividad; diseño y valoración de un curso virtual de ensayos clínicos; y aplicación y evaluación de la efectividad del curso. En el diagnóstico el 92,0 % de los evaluados presentaron altas necesidades de información y el 52 % fueron evaluados con un desempeño malo. En función de estos resultados se diseñó un curso virtual de ensayos clínicos a través de un sitio Web. La implementación del curso fue aprobada por los expertos con un porcentaje de aceptación general del 95 %. Una vez finalizado, el curso fue evaluado como efectivo pues más del 80 % de los profesionales fueron evaluados sin necesidades de información y un desempeño bueno.

Fracturas de implantes de tibia. Consecuencias para los ensayos de los implantes

OpenAIRE

Frei, S.; Ploeg, H.; Reinschmidt, C.; Heuberger, P.

1999-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar los modelos de fracturas de prótesis de tibia descritos en la literatura y, sobre la base de dichos conocimientos, desarrollar un ensayo para implantes en la cual se logren simular condiciones fisiológicas. El caso descrito con mayor frecuencia en la literatura es la migración de la parte medial de la prótesis, fenómeno que, a menudo, antecede a la fractura de la prótesis. La posición defectuosa resultante de dicha migración modifica el eje ...

Evaluación de tratamientos de hidrofugación aplicados a piedras de catedrales andaluzas. II. Ensayo de cristalización de sales

OpenAIRE

Villegas Sánchez, R.; Vale Parapar, J. F.

1993-01-01

En un artículo anterior se han evaluado los cambios producidos en las propiedades relacionadas con el acceso y movimiento de agua en la piedra como consecuencia de la aplicación de tratamientos de hidrofugación. En este trabajo se compara la resistencia a la alteración producida por sales de las probetas tratadas y sin tratar, sometiéndolas al ensayo de cristalización de sulfato sódico. Tras finalizar el ensayo (75 ciclos) se han medido nuevamente las propiedades relacionadas con el a...

Clinicomycological Characterization of Superficial Mycoses from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal.

Science.gov (United States)

Khadka, Sundar; Sherchand, Jeevan Bahadur; Pokharel, Dinesh Binod; Pokhrel, Bharat Mani; Mishra, Shyam Kumar; Dhital, Subhash; Rijal, Basista

2016-01-01

Background . Superficial mycosis is a common fungal infection worldwide, mainly caused by dermatophytes. However, the prevalence of species varies geographically. In addition, fungal treatment is best guided according to species isolated. This study was carried out to determine the clinical as well as mycological profile of superficial mycoses in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal. Methods . This was a prospective case-control laboratory based study conducted over a period of six months from January to June 2014 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal. A total of 200 specimens were collected from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses. The specimens were macroscopically as well as microscopically examined. The growth was observed up to 4 weeks. Results. Out of total 200 specimens from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses, tinea corporis 50 (25%) was most common clinical types. KOH mount was positive in 89 (44.5%) and culture was positive in 111 (55.5%). Trichophyton mentagrophytes 44 (39.6%) was the most common isolate. Conclusions. The diagnostic yields of KOH mount and culture were found to be complementary to each other. Thus both the methods added with clinical findings are equally important to establish superficial mycosis.

Clinicomycological Characterization of Superficial Mycoses from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal

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Sundar Khadka

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Background. Superficial mycosis is a common fungal infection worldwide, mainly caused by dermatophytes. However, the prevalence of species varies geographically. In addition, fungal treatment is best guided according to species isolated. This study was carried out to determine the clinical as well as mycological profile of superficial mycoses in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal. Methods. This was a prospective case-control laboratory based study conducted over a period of six months from January to June 2014 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal. A total of 200 specimens were collected from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses. The specimens were macroscopically as well as microscopically examined. The growth was observed up to 4 weeks. Results. Out of total 200 specimens from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses, tinea corporis 50 (25% was most common clinical types. KOH mount was positive in 89 (44.5% and culture was positive in 111 (55.5%. Trichophyton mentagrophytes 44 (39.6% was the most common isolate. Conclusions. The diagnostic yields of KOH mount and culture were found to be complementary to each other. Thus both the methods added with clinical findings are equally important to establish superficial mycosis.

Trauma ocupacional por corpo estranho corneano superficial Occupational trauma due to superficial corneal foreign body

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Vanessa Miroski Gerente

2008-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a epidemiologia do trauma ocular por corpo estranho superficial de córnea. MÉTODOS: Os pacientes atendidos no Pronto-Socorro da Universidade Federal de São Paulo entre abril e junho de 2005 que apresentaram corpo estranho superficial de córnea foram entrevistados. Foram avaliados: sexo, idade, profissão, registro legal do emprego, uso, disponibilidade e tipo de equipamentos de proteção utilizados e a fiscalização do seu uso. O conhecimento das complicações deste tipo de acidente também foi avaliado. Os resultados foram analisados com teste do qui quadrado ou teste de Fisher. RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 123 pacientes. Apenas 3 eram do sexo feminino e a idade média foi de 36 anos. A maioria destes traumas ocorreu no ambiente de trabalho (86,2% e 58,4% não possuíam registro legal do emprego. As profissões mais freqüentemente envolvidas foram serralheiro, pedreiro e metalúrgico. Em 79,8% dos locais de trabalho havia equipamentos de proteção e 85,3% dos pacientes eram orientados a usá-los. Em 52,4% dos locais sua utilização era fiscalizada, mas apenas 34,2% usavam no momento do trauma. A utilização foi mais freqüente (p=0,008 e fiscalização mais presente (p=0,0415 entre pacientes com registro legal de emprego. Questionados sobre os riscos, 68,9% dos pacientes tinham consciência das complicações graves deste tipo de acidente. CONCLUSÃO: A maioria dos pacientes tem conhecimento sobre a gravidade do trauma ocular e este tipo de lesão ocorre mesmo em locais com equipamentos de proteção disponíveis, alguns deles até durante o seu uso. Os dados sugerem que enfoque maior da prevenção deve ser na fiscalização e utilização de equipamentos adequados.PURPOSE: To evaluate the epidemiology of superficial corneal foreign body. METHODS: Patients who were seen at the Emergency Service of the Federal University of São Paulo, from April/05 to June/05, were screened and those with superficial corneal

Ensayos toxicológicos y métodos de evaluación de calidad de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Ensayos toxicológicos y métodos de evaluación de calidad de aguas: Estandarización, intercalibración, resultados y aplicaciones ... Le CRDI investit dans des solutions locales aux problèmes auxquels l'Inde est confrontée, comme le stress thermique, la gestion de l'eau et les migrations liées aux changements climatiques ...

Ultrasound of musculoskeletal soft-tissue tumors superficial to the investing fascia.

Science.gov (United States)

Hung, Esther Hiu Yee; Griffith, James Francis; Ng, Alex Wing Hung; Lee, Ryan Ka Lok; Lau, Domily Ting Yi; Leung, Jason Chi Shun

2014-06-01

The objective of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in assessing musculoskeletal soft-tissue tumors superficial to the investing fascia. Seven hundred fourteen superficial soft-tissue tumors evaluated with ultrasound by two musculoskeletal radiologists were retrospectively reviewed. In all ultrasound reports, the reporting radiologists provided one, two, or three diagnoses depending on their perceived level of diagnostic certainty. Two hundred forty-seven tumors had subsequent histologic correlation, thus allowing the accuracy of the ultrasound diagnosis to be determined. Images of the lesions with a discordant ultrasound diagnosis and histologic diagnosis were reviewed, and the ultrasound features were further classified as concordant with the known histologic diagnosis, concordant with the known histologic diagnosis with atypical features present, or discordant with the known histologic diagnosis. Four hundred sixty-seven tumors without pathologic confirmation were followed up clinically. Overall the accuracy of ultrasound examination for assessing superficial soft-tissue masses was 79.0% when all differential diagnoses were considered and 77.0% when only the first differential diagnosis was considered. The sensitivity and specificity of the first ultrasound diagnosis were 95.2% and 94.3%, respectively, for lipoma; 73.0% and 97.7% for vascular malformation; 80.0% and 95.4% for epidermoid cyst; and 68.8% and 95.2% for nerve sheath tumor. Reduced observer awareness of specific tumor entities tended to contribute to underdiagnosis more than poor specificity of ultrasound findings. Most tumors (236/247, 96%) were benign. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for identifying malignant superficial soft-tissue tumors was 94.1% and 99.7%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in the assessment of superficial musculoskeletal soft-tissue tumors is high and can be improved through increased radiologist awareness of less

Cálculo de la tenacidad de fractura a través de ensayos dinámicos

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Perosanz, f. J.

1998-10-01

Full Text Available The most critical component of a Nuclear Power Station is the Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV, due to safety and integrity requirements. The RPV is subjected to neutron radiation and this phenomenon lead to microstructural changes in the material and modifications in the mechanical properties. Due to this effects, it is necessary to assess the structural integrity of the RPV along the operational life through surveillance programs. The main objetive of this surveillance programs is to determine the fracture toughness of the material. At present this objective is reached combining direct measures and prediction techniques. In this work, direct measures of fracture toughness using instrumented Charpy V impact testing are present using a CIEMAT development on analysis of results.

Uno de los componentes críticos de una central nuclear es la vasija del reactor, debido a su función de contención del núcleo. Dicha vasija está sometida a irradiación neutrónica, lo que provoca cambios microestructurales en el material y pérdida de propiedades mecánicas. Debido a estos efectos, es necesario monitorizar su integridad estructural a lo largo de su vida de operación. Para ello se establecen los llamados programas de vigilancia. El objetivo final de estos ensayos es el de determinar la tenacidad de fractura del material. Actualmente, esto se consigue indirectamente mediante técnicas de predicción establecidas en diferentes normativas. El objetivo de este trabajo es el de determinar la tenacidad de fractura del material de la vasija directamente a través del ensayo Charpy V instrumentado. Para ello se ha desarrollado en el CIEMAT una metodología de ensayos y análisis de resultados.

El uso de placebo en ensayos clínicos de fase III en Brasil

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Gustavo Butzge Rubenich

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El Consejo Federal de Medicina de Brasil (CFM –órgano normativo y fiscalizador del ejercicio ético de la medicina– prohibió, en 2008, la participación de médicos brasileños en investigaciones que utilizaran placebo para enfermedades con tratamiento eficaz y efectivo, en contraposición a la Declaración de Helsinki, que permite su uso en condiciones metodológicamente justificadas. Con el objetivo de verificar si la normativa ética del CFM modificó el uso de placebo en ensayos clínicos de fase III en Brasil, se analizaron varias características de sus registros en el ClinicalTrials.gov, en los períodos de 2003 a 2007 y de 2009 a 2013. Se concluye que: a la normativa promulgada por el CFM en 2008 fue ineficaz y prevaleció la posición adoptada por la Declaración de Helsinki; b el patrocinio de ensayos con placebo por parte de la industria farmacéutica multinacional fue significativo; c predominaron las investigaciones de fármacos para enfermedades crónicas, y fueron poco significativas para las enfermedades postergadas, de importancia para Brasil.

OPTIMIZACION DE LAS PROPIEDADES DE TRANSPORTE IONICO DEL CONCRETO Y SIMULACION DEL ENSAYO ASTM C1202

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

JUAN LIZARAZO MARRIAGA

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presentan los resultados de la simulación computacional del flujo de los principales iones presentes (Cl-, OH-, Na+, y K+ en un ensayo ASTM C1202: "Indicación eléctrica de la resistencia del concreto a la penetración de Iones cloruro". Para la modelación se utilizó un esquema de diferencias finitas definido mediante la ecuación de Nernst - Plank con un campo eléctrico variable, la cual describe los movimientos iónicos en un material poroso saturado. Para lograr esto, los resultados de un nuevo ensayo electroquímico diseñado para medir el potencial de membrana, en compañía de la corriente eléctrica, fueron optimizados para obtener los coeficientes intrínsicos de difusión, la composición inicial de la solución de poros, la capacidad de fijación de cloruros y la porosidad de la mezcla de concreto.

Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) Treatment Planning for Superficial Tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zacarias, Albert S.; Brown, Mellonie F.; Mills, Michael D.

2010-01-01

The physician's planning objective is often a uniform dose distribution throughout the planning target volume (PTV), including superficial PTVs on or near the surface of a patient's body. Varian's Eclipse treatment planning system uses a progressive resolution optimizer (PRO), version 8.2.23, for RapidArc dynamic multileaf collimator volumetric modulated arc therapy planning. Because the PRO is a fast optimizer, optimization convergence errors (OCEs) produce dose nonuniformity in the superficial area of the PTV. We present a postsurgical cranial case demonstrating the recursive method our clinic uses to produce RapidArc treatment plans. The initial RapidArc treatment plan generated using one 360 o arc resulted in substantial dose nonuniformity in the superficial section of the PTV. We demonstrate the use of multiple arcs to produce improved dose uniformity in this region. We also compare the results of this superficial dose compensation method to the results of a recursive method of dose correction that we developed in-house to correct optimization convergence errors in static intensity-modulated radiation therapy treatment plans. The results show that up to 4 arcs may be necessary to provide uniform dose to the surface of the PTV with the current version of the PRO.

Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system - A case report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mannalini, S.

1997-01-01

There is little information on superficial siderosis of the central nervous system (CNS) in the literature, mainly due to the rarity of the disease, the difficulties in diagnosis (autopsy pre magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) and the long latency of the symptoms. With the advent of MRI, for the first time we are able to make a positive in vivo diagnosis. But this comes at a time of less disease incidence, and little clinical awareness. MRI is able to make the diagnosis because of the strong paramagnetic effect of haemosiderin, the blood by-product that is deposited on the brain surface in superficial siderosis of the CNS. The ability of the brain to biosynthesize ferritin in response to prolonged contact with haemosiderin is thought to be the most important factor in the pathogenesis of superficial siderosis. (author)

Volumetric and superficial characterization of carbon activated; Caracterizacion volumetrica y superficial de carbon activado

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carrera G, L.M.; Garcia S, I.; Jimenez B, J.; Solache R, M.; Lopez M, B.; Bulbulian G, S.; Olguin G, M.T. [Departamento de Quimica, Gerencia de Ciencias Basicas, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, A.P. 18-1027, 11801 Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2000-07-01

The activated carbon is the resultant material of the calcination process of natural carbonated materials as coconut shells or olive little bones. It is an excellent adsorbent of diluted substances, so much in colloidal form, as in particles form. Those substances are attracted and retained by the carbon surface. In this work is make the volumetric and superficial characterization of activated carbon treated thermically (300 Centigrade) in function of the grain size average. (Author)

Clinicopahological features of superficial basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Science.gov (United States)

Oguma, J; Ozawa, S; Kazuno, A; Nitta, M; Ninomiya, Y; Tomita, S

2017-12-01

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSC) of the esophagus is classified as an epithelial malignant tumor and is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Most previous reports have suggested that advanced BSC has a poorer prognosis than typical SCC because of its high biological malignancy, but the biological activity of superficial BSC remains unclear. Twenty cases of superficial BSC, which underwent surgical resection in Tokai University Hospital between January 2004 and December 2013, were analyzed retrospectively. Among these cases, 19 cases with a T1 depth of invasion (BSC group) were compared with 180 cases of SCC that were resected during the same period and were pathologically diagnosed as T1 (SCC group). The frequency of lymph node metastasis in the T1 BSC group was significantly lower (2 patients, 11%) than that in the SCC group (84 patients, 47%) (P = 0.005). The frequency of lymphatic invasion in the BSC group was also lower (9 patients, 47%) than that in the SCC group (131 patients, 73%) (P = 0.021). The pathological type of the metastatic lymph node was BSC in all the superficial BSC cases with lymph node metastasis. This study demonstrated that lymph node metastasis was less likely to occur in cases with superficial BSC than in cases with superficial SCC. © The Authors 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Valoración de dos métodos de tinción en ensayos de citotoxicidad sobre líneas celulares tumorales

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Linamaría Escobar M

2009-07-01

Full Text Available En la estimación de la posible citotoxicidad de extractos o compuestos en proceso de prospección se emplean métodos de tinción celular como aproximación indirecta para la medición masa celular viable. En ensayos de citotoxicidad sobre las líneas celulares SiHa, MCF-7 y MKN-45 se comparan el método de tinción sulforoda-mina B (SRB, que es un ensayo de tipo terminal, con el uso de resazurina propuesta como poco tóxica para las células. La comparación de los métodos se hizo en términos de porcentaje de supervivencia donde se evaluó la sensibilidad de las líneas a tres compuestos sintéticos durante un periodo de tratamiento de 48 horas usando como referencia de actividad doxorrubicina HCl, un medicamento empleando en cáncer. Los datos obtenidos en los dos tipos de ensayos sometidos a una prueba de correlación mostraron que no hay diferencias significati-vas en ambos métodos permitiendo la comparación entre estos bajo las condiciones usadas.

Ciclo de vida de Triatoma dimidiata Latreille, 1811 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) en condiciones de laboratorio: producción de ninfas para ensayos biológicos

OpenAIRE

Marlene Reyes; Víctor Manuel Angulo

2009-01-01

Introducción. A pesar de la importancia de Triatoma dimidiata como vector de la enfermedad de Chagas, poco se conoce de su ciclo biológico y de la producción eficiente de insectos disponibles para ensayos biológicos. Objetivo. Determinar las características del ciclo de vida en el laboratorio y establecer las condiciones del estado nutricional para la producción eficiente de ninfas de V estadio para ensayos biológicos. Materiales y métodos. Se determinaron los tiempos de desarrollo de l...

Biomass torrefaction characteristics in inert and oxidative atmospheres at various superficial velocities.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Wei-Hsin; Lu, Ke-Miao; Liu, Shih-Hsien; Tsai, Chi-Ming; Lee, Wen-Jhy; Lin, Ta-Chang

2013-10-01

The reaction characteristics of four biomass materials (i.e. oil palm fiber, coconut fiber, eucalyptus, and Cryptomeria japonica) with non-oxidative and oxidative torrefaction at various superficial velocities are investigated where nitrogen and air are used as carrier gases. Three torrefaction temperatures of 250, 300, and 350 °C are considered. At a given temperature, the solid yield of biomass is not affected by N2 superficial velocity, revealing that the thermal degradation is controlled by heat and mass transfer in biomass. Increasing air superficial velocity decreases the solid yield, especially in oil palm fiber and coconut fiber, implying that the torrefaction reaction of biomass is dominated by surface oxidation. There exists an upper limit of air superficial velocity in the decrement of solid yield, suggesting that beyond this limit the thermal degradation of biomass is no longer governed by surface oxidation, but rather is controlled by internal mass transport. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Aneurysm of the superficial femoral artery in an infant

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Watanabe, M.; Komuro, H.; Matoba, K.; Kaneko, M. [Dept. of Paediatric Surgery, Inst. of Clinical Medicine, Univ. of Tsukuba, Ibaraki (Japan); Niitsu, M.; Itai, Y. [Dept. of Radiology, Inst. of Clinical Medicine, Univ. of Tsukuba, Ibaraki (Japan)

2003-04-01

An isolated arterial aneurysm in childhood is extremely rare. We report a 1-year-old girl with an aneurysm of the right superficial femoral artery, presenting as an asymptomatic mass of the thigh. The aneurysm involved the whole superficial femoral artery (9 cm in length), and surgical treatment would have required replacement of the affected artery. Conservative treatment was chosen, influenced by the patient's rapid growth at that time. Non-invasive, 3-D contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was useful as an alternative to conventional angiography for detailed evaluation of the femoral arteries, including the aneurysm. (orig.)

Two Crosslinking Technologies for Superficial Reticular Dermis Injection: A Comparative Ultrasound and Histologic Study

OpenAIRE

Micheels, Patrick; Besse, Stéphanie; Sarazin, Didier

2017-01-01

Background: Few hyaluronic acid fillers have been developed for superficial injection. Objective: To compare the diffusion and integration properties of cohesive polydensified matrix and Vycross® technology hyaluronic acid fillers with lidocaine following injection into the superficial reticular dermis. Methods and materials: Two subjects received two injections each of cohesive polydensified matrix and Vycross® hyaluronic acid (0.2mL/site) in the superficial reticular dermis of the buttock u...

Malignant transformation of superficial peritoneal endometriosis lesion.

Science.gov (United States)

Marchand, Eva; Hequet, Delphine; Thoury, Anne; Barranger, Emmanuel

2013-08-26

A 63-year-old woman with no medical history underwent an abdominal surgery with hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a 10 cm peritoneal cyst with increased cancer antigene-125. A large suspicious tumour of the Douglas space, with contact to the uterus and the rectal wall was described. The rest of the exploration was normal, specially the rest of the peritoneum. Histopathology revealed a malignant transformation of a superficial peritoneal endometriosis. Secondary surgery was thus completed by laparoscopy with bilateral pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissections, omentectomy and multiple peritoneal biopsies. All staging samples were free of cancer; therefore no complementary therapy was administered. After 18 months of follow-up, consisting of clinical examination and pelvis magnetic resonance imaging every 6 months, we did not observe any recurrence. Malignant transformation of superficial peritoneal endometriosis is a rare disease and surgical management seems to be the main treatment.

Castelli di carta. La piega per la costruzione di superfici articolate

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Andrea Casale

2012-06-01

Full Text Available L’antica arte del piegare la carta, l’Origami, sta vivendo un rinnovato interesse che coinvolge molti aspetti della ricerca.  Con il termine origami, si intende lo studio del modo di piegare il foglio di carta per imporgli una specifica forma.  La superficie tassellata per mezzo di specifiche pieghe, si propone come un nuovo soggetto di studio: la superficie piegata articolata. La forma congiunta al movimento, assume un particolare interesse nella contemporanea ricerca geometrica e architettonica. Il panorama contemporaneo, propone opere di architettura “responsiva”, capaci di modificare le proprie caratteristiche per adeguarsi a nuove condizioni. La superficie piegata articolata sembra particolarmente adatta a descrivere questo modo d’intendere l’architettura, reagendo a diverse volontà e di conseguenza modificando la propria conformazione attraverso un attento controllo progettuale della forma.

Valoración de la superficie del dializador en la hemodiafiltración on-line. Elección objetiva de la superficie del dializador

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Francisco Maduell

2015-05-01

Conclusión: El incremento del 40% y el 80% de la superficie conlleva un aumento del volumen convectivo de un 6 y un 16% respectivamente, aunque se evidenció una reducción en su máximo rendimiento, mostrando mínimas diferencias tanto en el volumen convectivo como en la capacidad depurativa cuando el CUF era superior a 45 ml/h/mmHg. Es recomendable optimizar el rendimiento de los dializadores a la mínima superficie posible adecuando la prescripción de tratamiento.

Introducción de un ELISA como ensayo alternativo en la determinación de la potencia de vacunas antitetánicas

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Juan Carlos Ramírez

2005-05-01

Full Text Available Por más de medio siglo de uso, la vacunación con el toxoide tetánico ha mostrado un elevado porcentaje de eficacia en la prevención del tétanos. Este trabajo pretende introducir un ensayo inmunoenzimático en fase sólida (ELISA como método alternativo a la prueba de seroneutralización in vivo utilizada en la evaluación de la potencia de las vacunas antitetánicas.Se desarrolló un ELISA de tipo indirecto para la cuantificación de antitoxina tetánica en suero de curiel a partir de un estándar con 29 UI/mL, previamente calibrado. Se determinó la precisión, exactitud y linealidad del ensayo. Se analizó la correlación entre el ELISA y la prueba biológica mediante la evaluación de un total de 75 muestras de sueros por ambos métodos. Por último, se estudió la respuesta individual de un grupo de animales contra 15 lotes de toxoide tetánico. El ensayo demostró ser preciso y exacto, con imprecisiones inferiores al 20% y valores de recuperación entre el 90–110%. Las desviaciones del paralelismo mostraron coeficientes de variación alrededor del 10%. El análisis por regresión lineal mostró una buena correlación entre el ELISA y el ensayo biológico (R2= 0,989. El método alternativo desarrollado probó ser una herramienta útil para la determinación de la potencia de vacunas antitetánicas a partir de la evaluación independiente de la respuesta de cada animal contra el toxoide tetánico.Los niveles de seroprotección alcanzados se encontraron entre el 83–100%.

Criterios básicos de diseño de banco de ensayos para impactos de vidrios de seguridad

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Postigo, S.

2011-10-01

Full Text Available The Spanish Building Code establishes the essential requirements of safety and habitability that buildings must satisfy. The Basic Document of Safety in Use and Accessibility identifies some critical areas where falling through brittle elements may cause a risk to the user. The document also establishes the minimum performance of glasses located in such areas, according to the impact procedure described in UNE-EN 12600:2003. However, this standard does not provide detailed information about the characteristics of the test equipment, but indicates a final calibration as validation test. The general criteria and conditions of this calibration are also incorporated in the UNE-EN 12600. To better achieve a successful manufacture of a pendulum complying with calibration limits, a proposal of the basic design criteria of a test frame for impacts of safety glazings is presented in this paper. Prototypes and results have been evaluated using dynamic design criteria of the impact phenomenon. Three criteria proposed and applied in the design and manufacture of a real test frame have helped to achieve the calibration required by the UNE-EN 12600:2003. The repeatability and reproducibility of the tests presented in this paper also guaranty the robustness of the set-up.

El Código Técnico de la Edificación establece las exigencias básicas que deben cumplir los edificios en relación con los requisitos básicos de seguridad y habitabilidad. El Documento Básico de Seguridad de Utilización y Accesibilidad identifica unas áreas críticas en las que el impacto con elementos frágiles supondría un riesgo para el usuario. Además, establece las prestaciones mínimas de los vidrios situados en dichas zonas, según el procedimiento de impacto descrito en la norma UNE-EN 12600:2003. Sin embargo, esta norma no facilita información detallada acerca de las características del equipo de ensayo, sino que indica unos criterios generales y condiciona la

Posibilidad regenerativa y reparadora de estructuras dentarias de células mesenquimáticas post natales

OpenAIRE

Siragusa, Martha

2014-01-01

Objetivos: Presentar evidencias clínicas de la capacidad reparativa y de la formación de nuevos tejidos mineralizados en dientes con apices incompletamente desarrollados y diagnóstico de necrosis pulpar. Ha sido demostrado que las células pulpares adultas y las del ligamento periodontal presentan un comportamiento similar en su morfología y que la superficie cellular responde positivamente a marcadores de hueso, tejido adiposo, músculos y al estroma de tejido conectivo. La posibilid...

Superficial fungal infections.

Science.gov (United States)

Schwartz, Robert A

Superficial fungal infections arise from a pathogen that is restricted to the stratum corneum, with little or no tissue reaction. In this Seminar, three types of infection will be covered: tinea versicolor, piedra, and tinea nigra. Tinea versicolor is common worldwide and is caused by Malassezia spp, which are human saprophytes that sometimes switch from yeast to pathogenic mycelial form. Malassezia furfur, Malassezia globosa, and Malassezia sympodialis are most closely linked to tinea versicolor. White and black piedra are both common in tropical regions of the world; white piedra is also endemic in temperate climates. Black piedra is caused by Piedraia hortae; white piedra is due to pathogenic species of the Trichosporon genus. Tinea nigra is also common in tropical areas and has been confused with melanoma.

La secuencia didáctica como estratégica en la enseñanza del ensayo argumentativo

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OSCAR OSWALDO OCHOA LARROTA

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo es producto de una investigación realizada en el Colegio Gimnasio Gran Colombiano con estudiantes de grado undécimo. El trabajo está enfocado en el desarrollo de una secuencia didáctica de talleres orientada a la escritura de textos argumentativos. Es una estrategia metodológica, por medio de la cual el alumno puede aprender a escribir ensayos argumentativos con el fin de aplicar los conocimientos adquiridos en diversas situaciones comunicativas y en el contexto que lo rodea. Esta secuencia didáctica de talleres permite evaluar y reconocer si el proceso llevado a cabo fue efectivo o no. Para el desarrollo de esta propuesta se tuvo en cuenta variables como comprensión, coherencia, cohesión, argumentación y ensayo. Se realizaron diferentes actividades dentro de las cuales se incluyó el contexto de los jóvenes (vivencias personales, el entorno, el ambiente familiar y escolar y la sociedad, lo que implicó más atención e interés por parte de ellos.

Experiments on the superficial irradiation of spherical vegetables and fruits

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kalman, B.; Kiraly, Z.

1974-01-01

A revolving facility was made for the homogeneous superficial irradiation of spherical vegetables and fruits (apricot, peach, tomato, apple, etc.) with fast electrons. After the building of the technological apparatus described in detail, dosimetrical measurements were carried out by a Van de Graff generator of 2 MV and it was proved, that the superficial irradiation had a smaller effect on the quality of the fresh fruits, than of the stored ones. The developed apparatus can be altered according to the ripe-rate of the products. (K.A.)

Estudio contrastivo del género discursivo del ensayo argumentativo: español-inglés

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Pauline Moore

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Para identificar los modelos utilizados por estudiantes universitarios mexicanos en el género discursivo valorado del ensayo argumentativo, se analizaron 36 ejemplares producidos por 18 estudiantes en español y en inglés como segunda lengua. Se analizaron las tesis y reiteración de tesis con la teoría de la valoración (Martin & White, 2005 y se clasificaron en cerradas y abiertas. Esta clasificación sirvió para caracterizar cinco estructuras genéricas; 1 tesis cerrada, reiteración en conclusiones; 2 tesis abierta, reiteración cerrada; 3 tesis cerrada, reiteración abierta; 4 tesis abierta, sin postura; 5 tesis cerrada al final, sin reiteración. Se encontró una preferencia para el patrón 2, ‘tesis abierta/reiteración cerrada’, utilizado en siete ensayos en español y seis en inglés. Además se observó una variación considerable en los patrones utilizados, indicando una falta de acuerdo en esta comunidad discursiva acerca de la norma en cuanto a la estructura genérica.

Observación de las elecciones generales del 2006 en Costa Rica: Un ensayo fotográfico

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Bruce M. Wilson

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Ensayo fotográfico de las elecciones generales costarricenses del 5 de febrero del 2006. Captura los pormenores de la campaña y la fiesta cívica vivida en las calles del país, dejando en evidencia el alto nivel de quiebre en el voto que caracterizó estas justas electorales.

Indicadores de calidad de las harinas de trigo: índice de calidad industrial y su relación con ensayos predictivos

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A.E. de la Horra

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar y evaluar la capacidad de diferentes parámetros para predecir la calidad de las harinas de trigo, analizando las relaciones existentes entre éstos y el índice de calidad industrial (ICI. Se utilizaron siete muestras de harina de trigo provistas por la CEI Barrow. Se determinaron parámetros relacionados con la calidad del grano de trigo, la molienda y la composición de las harinas. Además, se llevaron a cabo ensayos relacionados con el comportamiento de las masas (ensayo farinográfico y alveográfico y se elaboró pan. Se calculó el ICI para cada una de las muestras y se estudió su relación con pruebas de predicción y ensayos de calidad. El ICI mostró correlaciones significativas y positivas con el contenido de macropolímero de glutenina, la extensibilidad alveográfica y el tiempo de desarrollo de la masa. Estas relaciones podrían resultar beneficiosas en la evaluación de la aptitud de las harinas para la elaboración de diferentes productos panificados, ya que constituyen determinaciones más sencillas y no requieren de equipamiento de alta tecnología ni grandes cantidades de muestra.

Evaluating optimal superficial limb perfusion at different angles using non-invasive micro-lightguide spectrophotometry.

Science.gov (United States)

Darmanin, Geraldine; Jaggard, Matthew; Hettiaratchy, Shehan; Nanchahal, Jagdeep; Jain, Abhilash

2013-06-01

It is common practice to elevate the limbs postoperatively to reduce oedema and hence optimise perfusion and facilitate rehabilitation. However, elevation may be counterproductive as it reduces the mean perfusion pressure. There are no clear data on the optimal position of the limbs even in normal subjects. The optimal position of limbs was investigated in 25 healthy subjects using a non-invasive micro-lightguide spectrophotometry system "O2C", which indirectly measures skin and superficial tissue perfusion through blood flow, oxygen saturation and relative haemoglobin concentration. We found a reduction in skin and superficial tissue blood flow of 17% (p=0.0001) on arm elevation (180° shoulder flexion) as compared to heart level and an increase in skin and superficial tissue blood flow of 25% (p=0.02) on forearm elevation of 45°. Lower limb skin and superficial tissue blood flow decreased by 15% (p=0.004) on elevation to 47 cm and by 70% on dependency (p=0.0001) compared to heart level. However, on elevation of the lower limb there was also a 28% reduction in superficial venous pooling (p=0.0001) compared to heart level. In the normal limb, the position for optimal superficial perfusion of the upper limb is with the arm placed at heart level and forearm at 45°. In the lower limb the optimal position for superficial perfusion would be at heart level. However, some degree of elevation may be useful if there is an element of venous congestion. Copyright © 2013 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Ensayos argumentativos en inglés como lengua extranjera y su escritura como una práctica social situada: revisión de conceptos

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Pedro Antonio Chala

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta una discusión sobre las tendencias teóricas que ven la escritura de ensayos argumentativos en inglés lengua extranjera como práctica social situada. Los conceptos que se exploran en este documento constituyen la base de una propuesta de investigación que aborda la escritura argumentativa desde una perspectiva innovadora, social, situada, y basada en la enseñanza de géneros que se puede ver como una alternativa para fomentar la escritura de ensayos en inglés lengua extranjera como una práctica social situada que trascienda los límites del salón de clase. La discusión de los conceptos se visualiza primero desde la teoría de aprendizaje de una segunda lengua y los dominios de la lingüística aplicada que fundamentan la propuesta. Luego se presentan, se exploran y se explican los conceptos centrales; éstos incluyen, primero, la escritura como práctica social situada, segundo, la escritura de ensayos argumentativos como un proceso dinámico de creación, y tercero, el género como acción social situada. Finalmente, el artículo presenta una reflexión sobre cómo estos conceptos se pueden entender e interrelacionar para que la escritura de ensayos argumentativos sea abordada como una práctica de alfabetización que contribuya a la formación de estudiantes de inglés lengua extranjera como escritores reflexivos, críticos y sociales.

MOSFET dosimetry in-vivo at superficial and orthovoltage x-ray energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cheung, T.; Yu, P.K.N.; Butson, M.J.; Illawarra Cancer Care Centre, Wollongong, NSW

2003-01-01

This note investigates in-vivo dosimetry using a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) for radiotherapy treatment at superficial and orthovoltage x-ray energies. This was performed within one fraction of the patients treatment. Standard measurements along with energy response of the detector are given. Results showed that the MOSFET measurements in-vivo agreed with calculated results on average within ± 5.6% over all superficial and orthovoltage energies. These variations were slightly larger than TLD results with variations between measured and calculated results being ± 5.0% for the same patient measurements. The MOSFET device provides adequate in-vivo dosimetry for superficial and orthovoltage energy treatments with the accuracy of the measurements seeming to be relatively on par with TLD in our case. The MOSFET does have the advantage of returning a relatively immediate dosimetric result after irradiation. Copyright (2003) Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine

Beliefs and attitudes about endemic dental fluorosis among adolescents in rural Brazil Creencias y actitudes con relación a la fluorosis dentaria de jóvenes en región rural de Brasil Crenças e atitudes em relação à fluorose dentária de jovens em região rural do Brasil

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Lia Silva de Castilho

2010-04-01

profesores. Aún posterior al contacto con científicos que investigaron el fenómeno y que participaron de su solución, la población continúa resistiendo en aceptar el flúor como causa del problema y no concuerda plenamente con el uso de agua de otras fuentes por dudar de su calidad. CONCLUSIONES: Percepciones equivocadas con relación a las causas de la fluorosis dentaria y la dificultad en costear el tratamiento del agua comprometen la implantación del suplemento de agua de superficie no contaminada. Estrategias de educación en salud deben ser implementadas paralelamente a soluciones para captación de agua de fuentes alternativas no contaminadas en localidades afectadas por la seca.OBJETIVO: Compreender crenças e atitudes em relação à fluorose dentária de jovens residentes em região rural do Brasil. PROCEDIMENTOS METODOLÓGICOS: Estudo qualitativo em que foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 23 adolescentes com fluorose dentária, 14 professores e três gestores públicos no município de São Francisco, MG, em 2002. Foram empregadas a técnica de análise de conteúdo e a teoria das representações sociais. ANÁLISE DOS RESULTADOS: Pelas características organolépticas que imprime à água (sabor salgado, coloração esbranquiçada e turbidez e sua associação com aspectos negativos relacionados ao uso doméstico, o carbonato é considerado a causa da fluorose por adolescentes e professores. Mesmo após o contato com pesquisadores que investigaram o fenômeno e que participaram da sua solução, a população continua a resistir em aceitar o flúor como causa do problema e não concorda plenamente com o uso de água de outras fontes por duvidar de sua qualidade. CONCLUSÕES: Percepções equivocadas em relação às causas da fluorose dentária e a dificuldade em custear o tratamento da água comprometem a implantação de suprimento de água de superfície não contaminada. Estratégias de educação em saúde devem ser implementadas

Use of superficial peroneal nerve graft for treating peripheral nerve injuries

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Samuel Ribak

2016-02-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical results from treating chronic peripheral nerve injuries using the superficial peroneal nerve as a graft donor source. METHODS: This was a study on eleven patients with peripheral nerve injuries in the upper limbs that were treated with grafts from the sensitive branch of the superficial peroneal nerve. The mean time interval between the dates of the injury and surgery was 93 days. The ulnar nerve was injured in eight cases and the median nerve in six. There were three cases of injury to both nerves. In the surgery, a longitudinal incision was made on the anterolateral face of the ankle, thus viewing the superficial peroneal nerve, which was located anteriorly to the extensor digitorum longus muscle. Proximally, the deep fascia between the extensor digitorum longus and the peroneal longus muscles was dissected. Next, the motor branch of the short peroneal muscle (one of the branches of the superficial peroneal nerve was identified. The proximal limit of the sensitive branch was found at this point. RESULTS: The average space between the nerve stumps was 3.8 cm. The average length of the grafts was 16.44 cm. The number of segments used was two to four cables. In evaluating the recovery of sensitivity, 27.2% evolved to S2+, 54.5% to S3 and 18.1% to S3+. Regarding motor recovery, 72.7% presented grade 4 and 27.2% grade 3. There was no motor deficit in the donor area. A sensitive deficit in the lateral dorsal region of the ankle and the dorsal region of the foot was observed. None of the patients presented complaints in relation to walking. CONCLUSIONS: Use of the superficial peroneal nerve as a graft source for treating peripheral nerve injuries is safe and provides good clinical results similar to those from other nerve graft sources.

Superficies in the form of the right to superpose

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Simona CHIRICĂ

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this paper is to present the current legal framework related to the superficies right in the form of the right to superpose, and especially to draw the attention and put certain question marks regarding the actuality or even the urgency of the need for regulation regarding the right to superpose. First, as a preliminary aspect, in order to emphasize the historical evolution of the superficies right, we will briefly present the development of this concept starting from the Roman law up to the present date. Second, by analysing the relevant legislation, the doctrine and the jurisprudence, the authors set themselves to present the main methods for constituting the superficies right. Third, the characteristics related to the right to superpose will be correlatively laid out. Fourth, the possibility to obtain a building permit on the basis of the right to superpose will also be analysed. Fifth, the recently entered-into-force legislative framework regarding the registration of the right to superpose and of the building thus erected is presented. Last but not least, the conclusions of this paper are presented, highlighting the necessity for more clearly defined rules regulating the legal status of the right to superpose, in order to avoid any confusions and inconsistencies in practice.

Estudio comparativo de la rugosidad superficial en cerámicas de ultra baja fusión

OpenAIRE

Ccahuana Vásquez, Vanessa Zulema; Leite de Oliveira Morais, Andréia Alves; Sussumu Nishioka, Renato; Tomomitsu Kimpara, Estevão

2015-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar la rugosidad superficial en cerámicas de baja y ultra baja fusión, después del pulido mecánico y exposición a un medio corrosivo in vitro. El análisis de la superficie (Ra) fue realizado con un rugosímetro. Se confeccionaron 72 discos, divididos en cuatro grupos según el sistema cerámico utilizado: VitadurAplha (G1), Titankeramik (G2), HeraCeram (G3) y Finesse (G4), y según el tratamiento de superficie: (A) especímenes sin tratamiento de superficie. (B...

Pneumodissection for skin protection in image-guided cryoablation of superficial musculoskeletal tumours.

Science.gov (United States)

Maybody, Majid; Tang, Peter Q; Moskowitz, Chaya S; Hsu, Meier; Yarmohammadi, Hooman; Boas, F Edward

2017-03-01

Pneumodissection is described as a simple method for preventing skin injury during cryoablation of superficial musculoskeletal tumours. Superficial tumour cryoablations performed from 2009 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Pneumodissection was performed in 13 patients when the shortest tumour-skin distance was less than 25 mm. Indications were pain palliation (n = 9) and local tumour control (n = 4). Patients, target tumours, technical characteristics and complications up to 60 days post ablation were reviewed. The ice ball-skin distances with and without pneumodissection were compared by a paired t-test and further assessed for association with covariates using ANCOVA. Technical success for ablation was 12 of 13. The mean shortest tumour-skin distance was 15.0 mm (3.2-24.5 mm). The mean thickness of pneumodissection was 9.6 mm (5.2-16.6 mm) resulting in mean elevation of skin of 3.4 mm (1.2-5.3 mm). Mean shortest ice ball-skin distance after pneumodissection was 10.5 mm (4.2-19.7 mm). No infection or systemic air embolism was noted. No intraprocedural frostbite was observed. Pneumodissection is feasible, effective and safe in protecting the skin during image-guided cryoablation of superficial tumours. • Frostbite during image-guided cryoablation of superficial tumours is commonly under-reported. • Frostbites are painful and may introduce infection into the superficial ablation zone. • Warm compress, saline and CO 2 have shortcomings in protecting the skin. • Pneumodissection is free, readily available, easy to use and safe and effective.

Use your eyes - metallographic versus superficial traces of the crafting of Bronze Age ornaments

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nørgaard, Heide Wrobel

and superficial archaeological examinations can be used to understand prehistoric craft. Furthermore, it will show that with an intensive knowledge about previous scientific investigations the superficial traces preserved can reveal a great amount of information and could talk for themselves. Taking as an example...... the early and middle Bronze Age bronze ornaments from North Germany, superficial traces of the metal crafting process, visible with the naked eye, will be compared with metallographic images. The aim of this presentation is to give an overview over the crafting traces everybody could see (with a bit...

Intravesical Gemcitabine for Treatment of Superficial Bladder ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Objectives: Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is the mainstay of treatment and prophylaxis in superficial bladder cancer (SBC) as it reduces tumor recurrence and disease progression. About one-third of patients do not respond to BCG. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of intravesical ...

El ensayo lírico como experiencia estética-hermenéutica (The Lyric Essay as an Aesthetic-Hermeneutical Experience

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Luis Javier Hernández Carmona

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Se plantea la teorización sobre el ensayo lírico y la generación de la experiencia estética-hermenéutica, a partir de la aplicación de la ontosemiótica como perspectiva metodológica. Con ello, se analizan las prácticas discursivo-literarias que contienen la metarreflexión que desde la extratextualidad da respuesta a los planteos metaforizados, dado que la autonomía del texto y los desdoblamientos del sujeto enunciador implican estrategias de análisis centradas en el cuadrante referencial autor-texto-lector-contexto. Se analizan teorías sobre el ensayo según Montaigne, Lukács, Adorno y Nicol, hasta proponer el ensayo como balance entre lo objetivo y lo subjetivo trascendente.  Abstract A theorization is proposed for the lyric essay and the generation of the aesthetic-hermeneutic experience from the application of ontosemiotics as a methodological perspective. A discussion is presented of discursive-literary practices containing meta-reflection which, from extratextuality, responds to metaphorized approaches that for the autonomy of the text and the splits of the enunciating subject require analytical strategies focusing on the referential quadrant author-text-reader-context. Theories on the essay are reviewed, including those of Montaigne, Lukács, Adorno and Nicol, to propose the essay as a balance between the objective and transcendental subjectivity.

Vascular patterns of upper limb: an anatomical study with accent on superficial brachial artery

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David Kachlik

2011-02-01

Full Text Available The aim of the study was to evaluate the terminal segmentation of the axillary artery and to present four cases of anomalous branching of the axillary artery, the superficial brachial artery (arteria brachialis superficialis, which is defined as the brachial artery that runs superficially to the median nerve. Totally, 130 cadaveric upper arms embalmed by classical formaldehyde technique from collections of the Department of Anatomy, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, were macroscopically dissected with special focus on the branching arrangement of the axillary artery. The most distal part of the axillary artery (infrapectoral part terminated in four cases as a bifurcation into two terminal branches: the superficial brachial artery and profunda brachii artery, denominated according to their relation to the median nerve. The profunda brachii artery primarily gave rise to the main branches of the infrapectoral part of the axillary artery. The superficial brachial artery descended to the cubital fossa where it assumed the usual course of the brachial artery in two cases and in the other two cases its branches (the radial and ulnar arteries passed superficially to the flexors. The incidence of the superficial brachial artery in our study was 5% of cases. The reported incidence is a bit contradictory, from 0.12% to 25% of cases. The anatomical knowledge of the axillary region is of crucial importance for neurosurgeons and specialists using the radiodiagnostic techniques, particularly in cases involving traumatic injuries. The improved knowledge would allow more accurate diagnostic interpretations and surgical treatment.

MODELO DE INTERPOLACIÓN ESPACIAL MEDIANTE SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA PARA EL ESTUDIO DE LA VARIABILIDAD ESPACIAL DE LA RESISTENCIA A LA PENETRACIÓN DEL SUELO

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LIBARDO ANTONIO LONDOÑO CIRO

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Entre 1993 y 2005, se han realizado numerosos estudios de suelos en un amplio sector del barrio Laureles (Medellín, Departamento de Antioquia, Colombia, que han tenido como objeto la identificación de la estratigrafía de la zona y la determinación de la capacidad portante del suelo. Los ensayos de campo y laboratorio realizados durante estas exploraciones son resistencia a la penetración estándar (Standar Penetration Test SPT y ensayos de laboratorio de resistencia a la compresión simple. A estos datos se les realizó un proceso de georeferenciación para profundidades especificas de 2.5, 5.0 y 7.5 metros para el ensayo SPT, y 2.30 y 3.30 metros para los ensayos de compresión simple. Mediante el uso de técnicas geoestadísticas (interpolación espacial, se modelaron superficies para el área en estudio, con el propósito de encontrar información en locaciones en las cuales no se han realizado estudios de suelos.

Superficial evolution and compacting aptitude of uranium dioxide powders

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Danroc, J.

1982-04-01

Long term storage of UO 2 powder improves slightly shaping and solidity of compacted powder. The aim of this work is the study of material evolution and the increase of this evolution rate for application to industrial fabrication. Aging in wet air at different temperatures is examined. Evolution of texture and superficial composition is followed. Below 80 0 C UO 3 , 2H 2 O is formed at crystal surface and thermal decomposition gives different hydrates. Kinetics of the transformation is studied. Oxidohydratation in liquid phase is rapid with hydrogen peroxide. The aged or treated material is compacted and mechanical behaviour is examined. Improvement is explained by inter-layer water molecule of the superficial hydrate giving lubricant and pseudo-plastic properties [fr

Caracterizacion dosimetrica del equipo de Terapia Superficial Therapax del Hospital Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bernui De Vivanco, Maria Giselle; Rojas Rivas, Jorge; Cardenas Retuerto, Augusto

2007-01-01

The Servicio de Radioterapia of the Hospital Mexico in San Jose, Costa Rica has a Superficial Therapy equipment Therapax model DXT 300. It describes the measurements for the dosimetric characterization of the configurations 100 kVp, 25 mA and filter of 2.4 mm of Al, and 250 kVp, 10 mA and filter of 2.5 mm of Cu, taking into account that the uncertainties in the measurements of the superficial therapy equipment are higher than in the rank of the megavoltage [es

Comportamiento a fatiga del acero sae 4140 usando alta rugosidad superficial y ambiente corrosivo

OpenAIRE

CEBALLOS, WILSON FERNANDO; GÓMEZ, ADOLFO LEÓN; CORONADO, JOHN JAIRO

2010-01-01

En este artículo se presenta el estudio del comportamiento a fatiga del acero SAE 4140 en condiciones diferentes: superficie pulida (acabado espejo), ambiente corrosivo (jugo de caña de azúcar), alta rugosidad superficial (superficie equivalente a la encontrada típicamente en los ejes de molino de caña) y una condición que involucra la combinación de las dos últimas. Las anteriores condiciones están presentes en los ejes de maza de molino de caña de azúcar durante el proceso de molienda. Se r...

COMPORTAMIENTO A FATIGA DEL ACERO SAE 4140 USANDO ALTA RUGOSIDAD SUPERFICIAL Y AMBIENTE CORROSIVO

OpenAIRE

CEBALLOS, WILSON FERNANDO; GÓMEZ, ADOLFO LEÓN; CORONADO, JOHN JAIRO

2010-01-01

En este artículo se presenta el estudio del comportamiento a fatiga del acero SAE 4140 en condiciones diferentes: superficie pulida (acabado espejo), ambiente corrosivo (jugo de caña de azúcar), alta rugosidad superficial (superficie equivalente a la encontrada típicamente en los ejes de molino de caña) y una condición que involucra la combinación de las dos últimas. Las anteriores condiciones están presentes en los ejes de maza de molino de caña de azúcar durante el proceso de molienda. Se r...

Isolated core vs. superficial cooling effects on virtual maze navigation.

Science.gov (United States)

Payne, Jennifer; Cheung, Stephen S

2007-07-01

Cold impairs cognitive performance and is a common occurrence in many survival situations. Altered behavior patterns due to impaired navigation abilities in cold environments are potential problems in lost-person situations. We investigated the separate effects of low core temperature and superficial cooling on a spatially demanding virtual navigation task. There were 12 healthy men who were passively cooled via 15 degrees C water immersion to a core temperature of 36.0 degrees C, then transferred to a warm (40 degrees C) water bath to eliminate superficial shivering while completing a series of 20 virtual computer mazes. In a control condition, subjects rested in a thermoneutral (approximately 35 degrees C) bath for a time-matched period before being transferred to a warm bath for testing. Superficial cooling and distraction were achieved by whole-body immersion in 35 degree water for a time-matched period, followed by lower leg immersion in 10 degree C water for the duration of the navigational tests. Mean completion time and mean error scores for the mazes were not significantly different (p > 0.05) across the core cooling (16.59 +/- 11.54 s, 0.91 +/- 1.86 errors), control (15.40 +/- 8.85 s, 0.82 +/- 1.76 errors), and superficial cooling (15.19 +/- 7.80 s, 0.77 +/- 1.40 errors) conditions. Separately reducing core temperature or increasing cold sensation in the lower extremities did not influence performance on virtual computer mazes, suggesting that navigation is more resistive to cooling than other, simpler cognitive tasks. Further research is warranted to explore navigational ability at progressively lower core and skin temperatures, and in different populations.

Functional compartmentalization of the human superficial masseter muscle.

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Rodrigo A Guzmán-Venegas

Full Text Available Some muscles have demonstrated a differential recruitment of their motor units in relation to their location and the nature of the motor task performed; this involves functional compartmentalization. There is little evidence that demonstrates the presence of a compartmentalization of the superficial masseter muscle during biting. The aim of this study was to describe the topographic distribution of the activity of the superficial masseter (SM muscle's motor units using high-density surface electromyography (EMGs at different bite force levels. Twenty healthy natural dentate participants (men: 4; women: 16; age 20±2 years; mass: 60±12 kg, height: 163±7 cm were selected from 316 volunteers and included in this study. Using a gnathodynamometer, bites from 20 to 100% maximum voluntary bite force (MVBF were randomly requested. Using a two-dimensional grid (four columns, six electrodes located on the dominant SM, EMGs in the anterior, middle-anterior, middle-posterior and posterior portions were simultaneously recorded. In bite ranges from 20 to 60% MVBF, the EMG activity was higher in the anterior than in the posterior portion (p-value = 0.001.The center of mass of the EMG activity was displaced towards the posterior part when bite force increased (p-value = 0.001. The topographic distribution of EMGs was more homogeneous at high levels of MVBF (p-value = 0.001. The results of this study show that the superficial masseter is organized into three functional compartments: an anterior, a middle and a posterior compartment. However, this compartmentalization is only seen at low levels of bite force (20-60% MVBF.

[Occupational trauma due to superficial corneal foreign body].

Science.gov (United States)

Gerente, Vanessa Miroski; Melo, Gustavo Barreto de; Regatieri, Caio Vinícius Saito; Alvarenga, Lênio Souza; Martins, Elizabeth Nogueira

2008-01-01

To evaluate the epidemiology of superficial corneal foreign body. Patients who were seen at the Emergency Service of the Federal University of São Paulo, from April/05 to June/05, were screened and those with superficial corneal foreign body were interviewed. Data regarding gender, age, occupation, employment status, availability and use of protective devices and supervision of their use were collected. Awareness of the possible complications was also assessed. Results were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher exact test. One hundred twenty-three patients were interviewed. Only 3 patients were female. The mean age was 36 years. Most injuries occurred at the workplace (86.2%), and 58.4% of the patients did not have a legal employment registration. The occupational activities most frequently reported were construction related activities (44.3%) and welding/soldering (11.3%). In most workplaces (79.8%) protective devices were available and 85.3% of the patients were instructed to use them. A safety device was being used during the accident in 34.2% of the cases and this was more frequent among patients that had legal employment registry (p=0.008) and among those under supervision (p=0.0415). The majority of the patients (68.9%) were aware of the risk of severe complications. Most patients with superficial corneal foreign body are aware of its severe complications and injuries usually occur in places where safety devices are available and often during their use. Our findings suggest that prevention should focus on supervision and correct use of safety devices.

Clinicomycological Characterization of Superficial Mycoses from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal

OpenAIRE

Khadka, Sundar; Sherchand, Jeevan Bahadur; Pokharel, Dinesh Binod; Pokhrel, Bharat Mani; Mishra, Shyam Kumar; Dhital, Subhash; Rijal, Basista

2016-01-01

Background. Superficial mycosis is a common fungal infection worldwide, mainly caused by dermatophytes. However, the prevalence of species varies geographically. In addition, fungal treatment is best guided according to species isolated. This study was carried out to determine the clinical as well as mycological profile of superficial mycoses in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal. Methods. This was a prospective case-control laboratory based study conducted over a period of six months from Janua...

Topographical anatomy of superficial veins, cutaneous nerves, and arteries at venipuncture sites in the cubital fossa.

Science.gov (United States)

Mikuni, Yuko; Chiba, Shoji; Tonosaki, Yoshikazu

2013-01-01

We investigated correlations among the superficial veins, cutaneous nerves, arteries, and venous valves in 128 cadaveric arms in order to choose safe venipuncture sites in the cubital fossa. The running patterns of the superficial veins were classified into four types (I-IV) and two subtypes (a and b). In types I and II, the median cubital vein (MCV) was connected obliquely between the cephalic and basilic veins in an N-shape, while the median antebrachial vein (MAV) opened into the MCV in type I and into the basilic vein in type II. In type III, the MCV did not exist. In type IV, additional superficial veins above the cephalic and basilic veins were developed around the cubital fossa. In types Ib-IVb, the accessory cephalic vein was developed under the same conditions as seen in types Ia-IVa, respectively. The lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm descended deeply along the cephalic vein in 124 cases (97 %), while the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm descended superficially along the basilic vein in 94 (73 %). A superficial brachial artery was found in 27 cases (21 %) and passed deeply under the ulnar side of the MCV. A median superficial antebrachial artery was found in 1 case (1 %), which passed deeply under the ulnar side of the MCV and ran along the MAV. Venous valves were found at 239 points in 28 cases with superficial veins, with a single valve seen at 79 points (33 %) and double valves at 160 points (67 %). At the time of intravenous injection, caution is needed regarding the locations of cutaneous nerves, brachial and superficial brachial arteries, and venous valves. The area ranging from the middle segment of the MCV to the confluence between the MCV and cephalic vein appears to be a relatively safe venipuncture site.

ENSAYO: RELACIONES DE GÉNERO EN INVESTIGACIONES BASADAS EN EXPERIENCIAS DE HISTORIA ORAL

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Olga Cabrera García

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Este ensayo se propone analizar algunas cuestiones acerca de la perspectiva multidisciplinar en la metodología de la historia oral. Las investigaciones de historia oral tienen algunas características que le dan su especificidad pero, el artículo se concentra sobre dos de ellas: la entrevista y la construcción del documento oral. Se presentan algunas experiencias de ambas etapas de la investigación aunque el énfasis recae sobre el segundo aspecto. Se estudia la vida cotidiana así como la memoria, vinculadas al tiempo, con el propósito de comprender la historia oral.

Managment of superficial infantile capillary hemangiomas with topical timolol maleate solution.

Science.gov (United States)

Rizvi, Syed Ali Raza; Yusuf, Faraz; Sharma, Rajeev; Rizvi, Syed Wajahat Ali

2015-01-01

Capillary hemangioma is the most common benign tumor of eyelids and orbit in children. Recently, a topical beta blocker has been reported as an effective treatment for superficial capillary hemangiomas. We present a case report of two children having large capillary hemangiomas who responded well to topical treatment by 0.5% timolol maleate solution. After 12 months of treatment, the lesion has significantly reduced in size, thickness, and color in both cases. Thus, we conclude that long-term use of topical 0.5% timolol maleate solution is safe and effective in treating superficial capillary hemangiomas.

Effects of pressure drop and superficial velocity on the bubbling fluidized bed incinerator.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Feng-Jehng; Chen, Suming; Lei, Perng-Kwei; Wu, Chung-Hsing

2007-12-01

Since performance and operational conditions, such as superficial velocity, pressure drop, particles viodage, and terminal velocity, are difficult to measure on an incinerator, this study used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to determine numerical solutions. The effects of pressure drop and superficial velocity on a bubbling fluidized bed incinerator (BFBI) were evaluated. Analytical results indicated that simulation models were able to effectively predict the relationship between superficial velocity and pressure drop over bed height in the BFBI. Second, the models in BFBI were simplified to simulate scale-up beds without excessive computation time. Moreover, simulation and experimental results showed that minimum fluidization velocity of the BFBI must be controlled in at 0.188-3.684 m/s and pressure drop was mainly caused by bed particles.

Perdas dentárias em adolescentes brasileiros e fatores associados: estudo de base populacional Perdidas dentarias en adolescentes brasileros y factores asociados: estudio de base poblacional Tooth loss and associated factors in adolescents: a Brazilian population-based oral health survey

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Paulo Roberto Barbato

2009-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência das perdas dentárias em adolescentes brasileiros e os fatores a elas associados. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados dados de 16.833 participantes do estudo epidemiológico nacional de saúde bucal, realizado em 2002/2003. O desfecho investigado foi a ocorrência de perda de pelo menos um dente. As variáveis independentes incluíram localização geográfica de residência, sexo, cor de pele, idade, renda per capita, atraso escolar, tipo de serviço e residência em município com fluoretação das águas de abastecimento. Foram estimadas razões de prevalência brutas e ajustadas por meio da regressão de Poisson para cada macrorregião e para o País como um todo. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de pelo menos uma perda dentária foi de 38,9% (IC 95%: 38,2%; 39,7%. Os adolescentes residentes em locais não servidos por água fluoretada apresentaram prevalência de perdas dentárias 40% maior do que os residentes em áreas com disponibilidade dessa medida. Houve forte associação (pOBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de las perdidas dentarias en adolescentes brasileros y los factores asociados a ellas. MÉTODOS: Fueron analizados datos de 16.833 participantes del estudio epidemiológico nacional de salud bucal, realizado en 2002/2003. El hecho investigado fue la ocurrencia de pérdida de por lo menos un diente. Las variables independientes incluyeron localización geográfica de residencia, sexo, color de piel, edad, renta per capita, atraso escolar, tipo de servicio y residencia en municipio con fluorificación de las aguas de abastecimiento. Fueron estimadas las tasas de prevalencia brutas y ajustadas por medio de la regresión de Poisson para cada macro región y para Brasil como un todo. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de por lo menos una pérdida dentaria fue de 38,9% (IC 95%: 38,2%; 39,7%. Los adolescentes residentes en locales no servidos por agua fluorificada presentaron prevalencia de pérdida dentaria 40% mayor que los

Investigation of the behaviour of a LILW superficial repository under aircraft impact

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lo Frano, Rosa; Stefanini, Lorenzo

2016-01-01

Highlights: • Safety assessment of a LILW superficial repository. • Investigation of the consequences of an aircraft impact with fuel burning. • Experimental material properties. • Numerical simulation of aircraft impact with fuel burning accident by MSC.MARC"© code. • Demonstration that the overall integrity resulted is guaranteed. - Abstract: Safety and security are the two fundamental aspects to guarantee when designing a LILW superficial repository. Because of its safety concern, we have to prove, and build confidence in, the primary and secondary consequences of the crashing will be acceptable. These goals are obtained generally by means of safety assessment supported by calculations. This study is intended to investigate the performance of a superficial repository subjected to aircraft impact and fuel burning. To the purpose a superficial repository similar to that of El Cabril has been considered. Moreover to be confident the facility is safe and that the consequences of such a type of accident on the environment and humans are negligible, an appropriate safety assessment was carried out. The potential damage that aircraft impact could bring into the repository has been therefore analysed and discussed. To attain the intent load functions, calculated according to the Riera approach, and the maximum temperature reached by fuel during its combustion have been considered. FEM (thermo-mechanical) simulations have been done, by MSC"© Marc code, assuming damaging phenomena of concrete and material properties variation with the temperature. The obtained results showed that an empty superficial repository with a wall thickness, ranging from 0.7 to 1 m, is not sufficient to avoid penetration. Nevertheless even in presence of a reduced strength and of (cone) cracking and plugging, the overall integrity resulted guaranteed.

Investigation of the behaviour of a LILW superficial repository under aircraft impact

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lo Frano, Rosa, E-mail: rosa.lofrano@ing.unipi.it; Stefanini, Lorenzo

2016-04-15

Highlights: • Safety assessment of a LILW superficial repository. • Investigation of the consequences of an aircraft impact with fuel burning. • Experimental material properties. • Numerical simulation of aircraft impact with fuel burning accident by MSC.MARC{sup ©} code. • Demonstration that the overall integrity resulted is guaranteed. - Abstract: Safety and security are the two fundamental aspects to guarantee when designing a LILW superficial repository. Because of its safety concern, we have to prove, and build confidence in, the primary and secondary consequences of the crashing will be acceptable. These goals are obtained generally by means of safety assessment supported by calculations. This study is intended to investigate the performance of a superficial repository subjected to aircraft impact and fuel burning. To the purpose a superficial repository similar to that of El Cabril has been considered. Moreover to be confident the facility is safe and that the consequences of such a type of accident on the environment and humans are negligible, an appropriate safety assessment was carried out. The potential damage that aircraft impact could bring into the repository has been therefore analysed and discussed. To attain the intent load functions, calculated according to the Riera approach, and the maximum temperature reached by fuel during its combustion have been considered. FEM (thermo-mechanical) simulations have been done, by MSC{sup ©} Marc code, assuming damaging phenomena of concrete and material properties variation with the temperature. The obtained results showed that an empty superficial repository with a wall thickness, ranging from 0.7 to 1 m, is not sufficient to avoid penetration. Nevertheless even in presence of a reduced strength and of (cone) cracking and plugging, the overall integrity resulted guaranteed.

MR-angiogram-added surface anatomy scanning of superficial cerebral arteriovenous malformations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsuchiya, Kazuhiro; Katase, Shichiro; Yoshino, Ayako; Hachiya, Junichi [Department of Radiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611 (Japan); Shiokawa, Yoshiaki [Department of Neurosurgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611 (Japan)

2002-09-01

Our purpose was to evaluate the utility of surface anatomy scanning (SAS) of the brain with superimposition of MR angiograms in the diagnosis and presurgical planning of superficial cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). We performed SAS in 15 patients with superficial cerebral AVMs. Two-dimensional phase-contrast MR angiograms were then obtained in the same section and superimposed on the SAS images. The images were assessed regarding the visualization of each AVM component using a four-point grading scale (3=excellent to 0=poor). In 13 of the patients, the assessment was made comparing with conventional angiograms. The images were also compared with the surgical findings in 5 patients. The added images agreed well with the angiographic findings and demonstrated the relationships between the AVM components and the adjacent brain surface. The average scores of the feeder(s), nidus, and drainer(s) were 2.27, 2.33, and 2.67, respectively. The surgical findings also correlated well with the added images. Our technique can noninvasively demonstrate superficial AVMs along with the brain surface and provide information useful for planning surgery. (orig.)

MR-angiogram-added surface anatomy scanning of superficial cerebral arteriovenous malformations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsuchiya, Kazuhiro; Katase, Shichiro; Yoshino, Ayako; Hachiya, Junichi; Shiokawa, Yoshiaki

2002-01-01

Our purpose was to evaluate the utility of surface anatomy scanning (SAS) of the brain with superimposition of MR angiograms in the diagnosis and presurgical planning of superficial cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). We performed SAS in 15 patients with superficial cerebral AVMs. Two-dimensional phase-contrast MR angiograms were then obtained in the same section and superimposed on the SAS images. The images were assessed regarding the visualization of each AVM component using a four-point grading scale (3=excellent to 0=poor). In 13 of the patients, the assessment was made comparing with conventional angiograms. The images were also compared with the surgical findings in 5 patients. The added images agreed well with the angiographic findings and demonstrated the relationships between the AVM components and the adjacent brain surface. The average scores of the feeder(s), nidus, and drainer(s) were 2.27, 2.33, and 2.67, respectively. The surgical findings also correlated well with the added images. Our technique can noninvasively demonstrate superficial AVMs along with the brain surface and provide information useful for planning surgery. (orig.)

Superficial Velocity Effects on HZ-PAN and AgZ-PAN for Kr/Xe Capture

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Welty, Amy Keil [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Garn, Troy Gerry [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Greenhalgh, Mitchell Randy [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

2016-04-01

Nearly all previous testing of HZ-PAN and AgZ-PAN was conducted at the same flow rate in order to maintain consistency among tests. This testing was sufficient for sorbent capacity determinations, but did not ensure that sorbents were capable of functioning under a range of flow regimes. Tests were conducted on both HZ-PAN and AgZ-PAN at superficial velocities between 20 and 700 cm/min. For HZ-PAN, Kr capacity increased from 60 mmol/kg to 110 mmol/kg as superficial velocity increased from 21 to 679 cm/min. Results for AgZ-PAN were similar, with capacity ranging from 72 to 124 mmol/kg over the same range of superficial. These results are promising for scaling up to process flows, demonstrating flexibility to operate in a broad range of superficial velocities while maintaining sorbent capacity. While preparing for superficial velocity testing it was also discovered that AgZ-PAN Xe capacity, previously observed to diminish over time, could be recovered with increased desorption temperature. Further, a substantial Xe capacity increase was observed. Previous room temperature capacities in the range of 22-25 mmol Xe/kg AgZ-PAN were increased to over 60 mmol Xe/kg AgZ-PAN. While this finding has not yet been fully explored to optimize activation and desorption temperatures, it is encouraging.

Automatización de los ensayos en cámara hiperbàrica en los laboratorios del observatorio Obsea conforme la norma NF X10-812-2013

OpenAIRE

Alsamora Borraz, Emma

2016-01-01

La cámara hiperbárica instalada en el Centro Tecnológico de Vilanova i la Geltrú se utiliza para realizar ensayos de presión a equipamiento científico que se instalaran en los observatorios submarinos Obsea. Los ensayos se realizaban de forma manual y nació la necesidad de automatizar el proceso. Para la automatización se ha diseñado un sistema hidráulico compuesto por electroválvulas, bombas y un sensor de presión que se controlan mediante una aplicación de control diseñada con el soft...

Myxoid stroma and delicate vasculature of a superficial angiomyxoma give rise to the red planet sign

OpenAIRE

Green, Margaret; Logemann, Nichola; Sulit, Daryl J

2014-01-01

Superficial angiomyxomas are uncommon benign mesenchymal tumors. They often recur locally if partially removed. This case report demonstrates not only the characteristic pathological findings of a superficial angiomyxoma in a 33- year-old man, but also shows a unique dermatoscopic image, which in our estimation resembles a celestial red planet such as the blood moon seen during a lunar eclipse. We propose to call this the “red planet” sign for a superficial angiomyxoma on dermoscopic examinat...

Myxoid stroma and delicate vasculature of a superficial angiomyxoma give rise to the red planet sign.

Science.gov (United States)

Green, Margaret; Logemann, Nichola; Sulit, Daryl J

2014-09-16

Superficial angiomyxomas are uncommon benign mesenchymal tumors. They often recur locally if partially removed. This case report demonstrates not only the characteristic pathological findings of a superficial angiomyxoma in a 33- year-old man, but also shows a unique dermatoscopic image, which in our estimation resembles a celestial red planet such as the blood moon seen during a lunar eclipse. We propose to call this the "red planet" sign for a superficial angiomyxoma on dermoscopic examination.

El ensayo latinoamericano entre la forma de la moral y la moral de la forma

OpenAIRE

Weinberg, Liliana

2007-01-01

Se presenta un panorama de las distintas manifestaciones del ensayo escrito en el ámbito latinoamericano de las últimas décadas del siglo XX, y se considera que ha seguido un proceso por el que el género pasa de una etapa de normalización que identificamos como “tierra firme" a una etapa de fuertes cambios y transformaciones que nos llevan a hablar de “un género sin orillas". Se propone una interpretación de conjunto de sus principales tendencias, entre esos dos extremos que reconocemos como ...

Interdigital foot infections: Corynebacterium minutissimum and agents of superficial mycoses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fatma Mutlu Sariguzel

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Interdigital foot infections are mostly caused initially by dermatophytes, yeasts and less frequently by bacteria. Erythrasma caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum can be confused with superficial mycoses. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of the etiologic agents of superficial mycoses and the frequency of Corynebacterium minutissimum in interdigital foot infections. All the samples obtained from the 121 patients with interdigital foot infections were examined directly with the use of 20% potassium hydroxide mounts and Gram stain under the microscope and cultured on Sabouraud's dextrose agar plates. In identification of superficial mycoses, the rate was found to be 14% with the cultural method and 14% with direct microscopic examination. Using a combination of direct microscopic examination and culture, a 33.8% ratio was achieved. In the culture of these samples, the most isolated factor was Trichophyton rubrum (33.7%. In 24 of the patients (19.8% Corynebacterium minutissimum was detected by Gram staining, in 6 of these patients Trichophyton rubrum was found, Trichophyton mentagrophytes was found in 2 and Trichosporon spp. was found in 1. The examination of interdigital foot lesions in the laboratory, the coexistence of erythrasma with dermatophytes and yeast should be considered.

Bacterias en superficies contactadas durante las tomas radiográficas intraorales

OpenAIRE

Lee, Guihan; Calderón-Ubaquí, Victor; Sacsaquispe-Contreras, Sonia

2016-01-01

Objetivo: Determinar la presencia de bacterias mediante el análisis microbiológico en las superficies contactadas por el operador durante la toma y procesado de radiografías intraorales en diferentes momentos del día en el Servicio de Radiología Oral de la UPCH. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un muestreo en nueve superficies del servicio de radiología oral. Las muestras se tomaron en dos momentos por el mismo investigador; al inicio y al finalizar las actividades en el servicio, se realizó ...

Induction of superficial cortical layer neurons from mouse embryonic stem cells by valproic acid.

Science.gov (United States)

Juliandi, Berry; Abematsu, Masahiko; Sanosaka, Tsukasa; Tsujimura, Keita; Smith, Austin; Nakashima, Kinichi

2012-01-01

Within the developing mammalian cortex, neural progenitors first generate deep-layer neurons and subsequently more superficial-layer neurons, in an inside-out manner. It has been reported recently that mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) can, to some extent, recapitulate cortical development in vitro, with the sequential appearance of neurogenesis markers resembling that in the developing cortex. However, mESCs can only recapitulate early corticogenesis; superficial-layer neurons, which are normally produced in later developmental periods in vivo, are under-represented. This failure of mESCs to reproduce later corticogenesis in vitro implies the existence of crucial factor(s) that are absent or uninduced in existing culture systems. Here we show that mESCs can give rise to superficial-layer neurons efficiently when treated with valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor. VPA treatment increased the production of Cux1-positive superficial-layer neurons, and decreased that of Ctip2-positive deep-layer neurons. These results shed new light on the mechanisms of later corticogenesis. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd and the Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.

Spectral characterization of superficial coal groups

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmad, I.; Khan, M.A.; Ishaq, M.; Shakirullah; Bahadur, A.

2004-01-01

Spectral characterization of superficial coal groups was performed in KBr pellets. KBr Pellets were prepared for virgin and variously pretreated coal samples. Spectra of satisfactory resolution were obtained in wave number range-4000-400 cm /sup -1/. Presence of broad absorption bands corresponds to hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl and phenolic functionalities in the spectra clearly define their presence in all samples understudy. Forced oxidation proved effective for oxidation of both aliphatic and aromatic configurations, which can be revealed from the respective spectra. (author)

Temperature distributions in 136 superficial radiothermotherapies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Willich, N.; Duve, S.; Pfluger, T.; Bachmeier, K.

1992-01-01

Temperature distributions from 136 superficial radiothermotherapies in patients were analysed and three-dimensionally reconstructed. The calculation of mean values and standard deviations of the temperature measuring probes considering water bolus temperature, master probe temperature, site of the probes relatively to different applicator positions and site of the probes in the heated tissues yielded satisfactory temperature distributions for chest wall treatment in contrast to other regions of the body. Radiothermotherapy was statistically not superior to radiotherapy alone with respect to local tumor control. (authors)

Utilidad del ensayo de nitrato reductasa en la detección de Mycobacterium tuberculosis multirresistente en caso de recursos limitados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcela López

2011-03-01

Conclusiones. La experiencia con el ensayo de nitrato reductasa demuestra que produce resultados resistentes confiables. El uso de cultivos envejecidos conduciría a una mayor proporción de resultados falsos sensibles, mientras que su capacidad para detectar multirresistencia disminuye a consecuencia de una mayor proporción de resultados no interpretables.

Los “puntos débiles o sensibles” de los Ensayos Clínicos en niñas/os y adolescentes

Science.gov (United States)

Melamed, Irene N.

2017-01-01

Resumen La revisión ética de un Ensayo Clínico1 que incluye a niñas/os y adolescentes en calidad de participantes, debe centrar su mirada en aspectos relacionados con la vulnerabilidad inherente a esa etapa de la vida, condición que se nutre de elementos biológicos, emocionales, de justicia y de equidad, entre otros. Sin embargo, la visión sugerida en este caso y sin desoír las características mencionadas, es la que busca profundizar en uno de los actores del proceso de investigación: el Ensayo Clínico. El objetivo es poder determinar la presencia o no de “zonas frágiles o de puntos débiles” en su interior, los que al ser individualizados y especialmente considerados, contribuyan a mejorar la calidad de la revisión ética de las investigaciones que son llevadas a cabo en niñas/os y adolescentes. PMID:28757905

Superficial Temporal Artery Pseudoaneurysm: A Conservative Approach in a Critically Ill Patient

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grasso, Rosario Francesco; Quattrocchi, Carlo Cosimo; Crucitti, Pierfilippo; Carboni, Giampiero; Coppola, Roberto; Zobel, Bruno Beomonte

2007-01-01

A 71-year-old man affected by cardio- and cerebrovascular disease experienced an accidental fall and trauma to the fronto-temporal area of the head. A few weeks later a growing mass appeared on his scalp. A diagnosis of superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm was made following CT and color Doppler ultrasound. His clinical condition favoured a conservative approach by ultrasound-guided compression and subsequent surgical resection. A conservative approach should be considered the treatment of choice in critically ill patients affected by superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm

Diseño y construcción de un equipo para ensayo de deflexión en vigas de aluminio, en voladizo. Capacidad de carga de 10 kg.

OpenAIRE

Oña Caiza, Luis Alberto; Reinoso Sacancela, Armando Rodrigo

2010-01-01

En la actualidad con el avance de la tecnología y con la implementación de nuevos equipos para ensayos de deflexión en los materiales conlleva a la necesidad de elaborar un equipo de ensayo de deflexión para vigas en voladizo (viga rectangular y perfil U), en material de aluminio para la utilización en el laboratorio de resistencia de materiales de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana. Para la selección de la alternativa más adecuada se realizó un estudio del costo real de la máquina en e...

The application of single cell gel electrophoresis or comet assay to human monitoring studies Aplicacion de la electroforesis unicelular o ensayo cometa en estudios de monitoreo humano

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Mahara Valverde

1999-11-01

Full Text Available Objective. In the search of new human genotoxic biomarkers, the single cell gel electrophoresis assay has been proposed as a sensible alternative. Material and methods. This technique detects principally single strand breaks as well as alkali-labile and repair-retarded sites. Results. Herein we present our experience using the single cell gel electrophoresis assay in human population studies, both occupationally and environmentally exposed. Conclusions. We discuss the assay feasibility as a genotoxic biomarker.Objetivo. En la búsqueda de nuevos marcadores genotóxicos aplicables a estudios de poblaciones humanas expuestos a xenobióticos, la utilización del ensayo de electroforesis en una sola célula se ha propuesto como un método sensible y una buena alternativa. Material y métodos. Esta técnica detecta rompimientos en el ADN de cadena sencilla, así como sitios álcali lábiles y sitios retardados de reparación. Resultados. En este trabajo, presentamos nuestra experiencia utilizando este ensayo en poblaciones humanas expuestas ocupacionalmente o ambientalmente a diferentes xenobióticos. Conclusiones. Se discute la posible utilidad de este ensayo como un biomarcador de efecto genotóxico.

Esophagectomy for Superficial Esophageal Neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Watson, Thomas J

2017-07-01

Endoscopic therapies have become the standard of care for most cases of Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal adenocarcinoma. Despite a rapid and dramatic evolution in treatment paradigms, esophagectomy continues to occupy a place in the therapeutic armamentarium for superficial esophageal neoplasia. The managing physician must remain cognizant of the limitations of endoscopic approaches and consider surgical resection when they are exceeded. Esophagectomy, performed at experienced centers for appropriately selected patients with early-stage disease can be undertaken with the expectation of cure as well as low mortality, acceptable morbidity, and good long-term quality of life. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Superficial Siderosis of the Central Nervous System Caused by Hemorrhagic Intraventricular Craniopharyngioma: Case Report and Literature Review

Science.gov (United States)

TOSAKA, Masahiko; SATO, Koji; AMANUMA, Makoto; HIGUCHI, Tetsuya; ARAI, Motohiro; AISHIMA, Kaoru; SHIMIZU, Tatsuya; HORIGUCHI, Keishi; SUGAWARA, Kenichi; YOSHIMOTO, Yuhei

2015-01-01

Superficial siderosis is a rare condition caused by hemosiderin deposits in the central nervous system (CNS) due to prolonged or recurrent low-grade bleeding into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CNS tumor could be one of the sources of bleeding, both pre- and postoperatively. We report an extremely rare case of superficial siderosis associated with purely third ventricle craniopharyngioma, and review previously reported cases of superficial siderosis associated with CNS tumor. A 69-year-old man presented with headache, unsteady gait, blurred vision, and progressive hearing loss. Brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with gadolinium revealed a well enhanced, intraventricular mass in the anterior part of the third ventricle. T2*-weighted gradient echo (GE) MR imaging revealed a hypointense rim around the brain particularly marked within the depth of the sulci. Superficial siderosis was diagnosed based on these findings. The tumor was diffusely hypointense on T2*-weighted GE imaging, indicating intratumoral hemorrhage. The lateral ventricles were dilated, suggesting hydrocephalus. [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography revealed increased uptake in the tumor. The whole brain surface appeared dark ocher at surgery. Histological examination showed the hemorrhagic tumor was papillary craniopharyngioma. His hearing loss progressed after removal of the tumor. T2*-weighted GE MR imaging demonstrated not only superficial siderosis but also diffuse intratumoral hemorrhage in the tumor. Superficial siderosis and its related symptoms, including hearing loss, should be considered in patients with hemorrhagic tumor related to the CSF space. Purely third ventricle craniopharyngioma rarely has hemorrhagic character, which could cause superficial siderosis and progressive hearing loss. PMID:24670310

A method for determination of the superficial charge density

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vila, F.

1992-10-01

In this article is presented a new methodism for determination of superficial charge density in nonconducting materials which is based in the combination of laboratory calibrated experiments in conducting surfaces with theoretical calculations for nonconducting surfaces. (author). 19 refs, 7 figs, 1 tab

Frey′s Syndrome as a Sequela of Superficial Parotidectomy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rishi Kumar Bali

2006-01-01

The disorder is characterized by unilateral sweating and flushing of facial skin in the area of parotid gland occurring during meals. We present a case of a patient who developed symptoms of Frey Syndrome 4 months after undergoing superficial parotidectomy on left side.

Treatment for superficial infusion thrombophlebitis of the upper extremity

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Di Nisio, Marcello; Peinemann, Frank; Porreca, Ettore; Rutjes, Anne W. S.

2015-01-01

Although superficial thrombophlebitis of the upper extremity represents a frequent complication of intravenous catheters inserted into the peripheral veins of the forearm or hand, no consensus exists on the optimal management of this condition in clinical practice. To summarise the evidence from

Unexpected diagnosis of superficial neurofibroma in a lesion with imaging features of a vascular malformation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

O' Keefe, Patrick; Reid, Janet; Morrison, Stuart [Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Radiology, Cleveland, OH (United States); Vidimos, Allison [Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Dermatology, Cleveland, OH (United States); DiFiore, John [Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cleveland, OH (United States)

2005-12-01

Plexiform neurofibroma is a pathognomonic, often disabling feature of neurofibromatosis type I. Although the target-like appearance of deep plexiform neurofibroma on T2-weighted MRI has been well-described, a second superficial form of plexiform neurofibroma has differing imaging features. We report a 15-year-old boy who presented with multiple cutaneous lesions exhibiting clinical and imaging characteristics of a venolymphatic malformation. These lesions were histologically proved to represent superficial plexiform neurofibromas. We wish to emphasize the unique MR findings of superficial plexiform neurofibromas; these findings are different from the imaging characteristics of the deep form and can be confused with a low-flow vascular malformation. (orig.)

Influencia de la humedad en el ensayo de resistencia de los ladrillos de suelo-cemento

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Lima, José I.

1994-02-01

Full Text Available The article seeks to show the influence of humidity on the compression test of the soil-cement bricks through an adapted experimental design. The equations showing this relation are obtained. The subsequent generalization provides the possibility of making a pattern of correlation of strengths with different test humidities. Thus, the tests could be performed with a given humidity and the strength of the particular specimen for different humidity values could be estimated with a high degree of certainty. This makes possible the comparison of strength between tested elements in different humidity conditions, verification of fulfillment of recommended strength values and their expressing in terms of a basic humidity value, which is what the currently valid Technical Instructions lack.

A través de un diseño experimental adecuado se pretende mostrar la influencia de la humedad en el ensayo a compresión de los ladrillos de suelo-cemento, obteniendo las ecuaciones que muestran esta relación. Su generalización posterior permitió elaborar una matriz de correlación de las resistencias con las diferentes humedades de ensayo, de forma tal que se pueda ensayar con una humedad dada y estimar la resistencia que tendrá esa muestra para diferentes valores de humedad, con un buen nivel de confianza. Esto posibilita que se puedan realizar comparaciones de resistencia entre elementos ensayados en condiciones desiguales de humedad, verificar el cumplimiento de los valores recomendados de resistencia y referirlos a un valor de humedad base, defecto actual de las Instrucciones Técnicas vigentes.

Improved superficial brain hemorrhage visualization in susceptibility weighted images by constrained minimum intensity projection

Science.gov (United States)

Castro, Marcelo A.; Pham, Dzung L.; Butman, John

2016-03-01

Minimum intensity projection is a technique commonly used to display magnetic resonance susceptibility weighted images, allowing the observer to better visualize hemorrhages and vasculature. The technique displays the minimum intensity in a given projection within a thick slab, allowing different connectivity patterns to be easily revealed. Unfortunately, the low signal intensity of the skull within the thick slab can mask superficial tissues near the skull base and other regions. Because superficial microhemorrhages are a common feature of traumatic brain injury, this effect limits the ability to proper diagnose and follow up patients. In order to overcome this limitation, we developed a method to allow minimum intensity projection to properly display superficial tissues adjacent to the skull. Our approach is based on two brain masks, the largest of which includes extracerebral voxels. The analysis of the rind within both masks containing the actual brain boundary allows reclassification of those voxels initially missed in the smaller mask. Morphological operations are applied to guarantee accuracy and topological correctness, and the mean intensity within the mask is assigned to all outer voxels. This prevents bone from dominating superficial regions in the projection, enabling superior visualization of cortical hemorrhages and vessels.

Puesta a punto de un equipo de anodizado para aleaciones de aluminio

OpenAIRE

Vélez Leache, Javier

2014-01-01

En este proyecto se realiza la anodización, en planta piloto de laboratorio, de muestras de aluminio de pequeñas dimensiones, sometiendo posteriormente estas muestras anodizadas a los ensayos exigidos por las normas ISO para este tratamiento de superficie Máster Universitario en Ingeniería de Materiales y Fabricación Unibertsitate Masterra Materialen eta Fabrikazioaren Ingeniaritzan

Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in superficial CNS siderosis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kondziella, Daniel; Lindelof, M.; Haziri, Donika

2015-01-01

the challenges related to the diagnosis and treatment of superficial siderosis. RESULTS: A potential bleeding aetiology was identified in all patients, but removal of the offending bleeding source was achieved only in three (33%). Symptom progression was halted in just one patient (11%), which suggests...... neurotoxicity due to accumulating iron toxicity. FUNDING: not relevant. TRIAL REGISTRATION: not relevant....

Gamma Activation Analysis in the Havana Bay superficial sediments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez, N.; Gelen, A.; Diaz Riso, O.; Manso, M.V.; Simon, M.J.; Maslov, A.G.; Gustova, M.V.; Beltran, J.; Soto, J.

2003-01-01

A preliminary study of 26 elements of Havana Bay superficial sediments were made using Gamma Activation Analysis. Samples from five zones of Havana Bay were analyzed. The results show a close interrelation between the concentration levels of the studied elements and the contaminant sources

ESTUDIO DE SISTEMAS DE MEDIDA CON ENSAYOS DESTRUCTIVOS. UNA APLICACIÓN SOBRE TIEMPOS DE PRODUCCIÓN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marta Quaglino

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Los estudios de repetibilidad y reproducibilidad fueron diseñados con el propósito de analizar la bondad de los sistemas de medición, análisis cuya importancia radica en el hecho que un sistema inadecuado introducirá variabilidad adicional ocasionando que las mediciones no reflejen el verdadero comportamiento del proceso. El análisis se basa en la cuantificación de la variabilidad asociada al sistema de medición y su posterior comparación con la variabilidad total observada, siendo requerimiento fundamental para ello que resulte factible obtener mediciones repetidas de una misma unidad bajo las mismas condiciones experimentales, de lo contrario, la variabilidad en las mediciones estará confundida con la variabilidad propia de las partes medidas. Tal es el caso en que los ensayos de medición son “destructivos”, esto es, las unidades no son robustas frente al proceso de medición, o bien, las unidades no son temporalmente estables.En este trabajo se exponen diversas alternativas para el caso de estudios R&R con ensayos destructivos y una aplicación particular en un problema real sobre estimación de tiempos de producción en una empresa metalúrgica. El empleo de Modelos Lineales Generalizados permitió obtener estimaciones adecuadas de ciertas Componentes de Variancia, que advirtieron sobre características importantes a mejorar en el proceso de medición.

In vivo high-resolution 3D photoacoustic imaging of superficial vascular anatomy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, E Z; Laufer, J G; Beard, P C; Pedley, R B

2009-01-01

The application of a photoacoustic imaging instrument based upon a Fabry-Perot polymer film ultrasound sensor to imaging the superficial vasculature is described. This approach provides a backward mode-sensing configuration that has the potential to overcome the limitations of current piezoelectric based detection systems used in superficial photoacoustic imaging. The system has been evaluated by obtaining non-invasive images of the vasculature in human and mouse skin as well as mouse models of human colorectal tumours. These studies showed that the system can provide high-resolution 3D images of vascular structures to depths of up to 5 mm. It is considered that this type of instrument may find a role in the clinical assessment of conditions characterized by changes in the vasculature such as skin tumours and superficial soft tissue damage due to burns, wounds or ulceration. It may also find application in the characterization of small animal cancer models where it is important to follow the tumour vasculature over time in order to study its development and/or response to therapy.

Photoluminescence of a superficial Si nanolayer and an example of its use

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ley, M.; Svrcek, V.; Kuznicki, Z.T.

2003-01-01

A characteristic photoluminescence of a superficial Si nanolayer realized by ion implantation has been observed. This effect, being totally independent of those shown recently for a nanoscale Si-layered system, is similar to that produced by Si nanocrystals (Si nc). To visualize the nature and give evidence of this effect, we fabricated samples in two different ways: (i) by incorporation of Si nc into thin SiO 2 films deposited on Si wafer by the spin-on-glass method and (ii) by a nanoscale superficial crystalline-Si modification using medium-energy ion implantation and thermal treatment. In both cases the UV-to-red light conversion has been observed to be independent of wafer post-implantation damage. To show the UV-to-red conversion contribution, we use the ion modified superficial Si layer with its well-defined potential barrier, the so-called carrier collection limit. Such a modified Si structure gives us a method of deconvoluting several optoelectronic features observed experimentally on modified Si. The practical realization is compatible with well-established Si technology

In vivo high-resolution 3D photoacoustic imaging of superficial vascular anatomy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, E Z; Laufer, J G; Beard, P C [Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT (United Kingdom); Pedley, R B [UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O' Gorman Building, University College London, 72 Huntley St, London WC1E 6BT (United Kingdom)

2009-02-21

The application of a photoacoustic imaging instrument based upon a Fabry-Perot polymer film ultrasound sensor to imaging the superficial vasculature is described. This approach provides a backward mode-sensing configuration that has the potential to overcome the limitations of current piezoelectric based detection systems used in superficial photoacoustic imaging. The system has been evaluated by obtaining non-invasive images of the vasculature in human and mouse skin as well as mouse models of human colorectal tumours. These studies showed that the system can provide high-resolution 3D images of vascular structures to depths of up to 5 mm. It is considered that this type of instrument may find a role in the clinical assessment of conditions characterized by changes in the vasculature such as skin tumours and superficial soft tissue damage due to burns, wounds or ulceration. It may also find application in the characterization of small animal cancer models where it is important to follow the tumour vasculature over time in order to study its development and/or response to therapy.

Volumetric and superficial characterization of carbon activated

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carrera G, L.M.; Garcia S, I.; Jimenez B, J.; Solache R, M.; Lopez M, B.; Bulbulian G, S.; Olguin G, M.T.

2000-01-01

The activated carbon is the resultant material of the calcination process of natural carbonated materials as coconut shells or olive little bones. It is an excellent adsorbent of diluted substances, so much in colloidal form, as in particles form. Those substances are attracted and retained by the carbon surface. In this work is make the volumetric and superficial characterization of activated carbon treated thermically (300 Centigrade) in function of the grain size average. (Author)

Neurothekeoma palpebrae in association with multiple superficial angiomyxomas: Tegumental Angiomyxoma- Neurothekeoma syndrome (TAN syndrome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tan Aik Kah

2011-09-01

Full Text Available We report a case of 10-year-old Indian girl with history of multiple superficial angiomyxoma, presented with three months history of painless right upper lid swelling. There were no visual dysfunctions. Previously, the patient had multiple superficial angiomyxoma (left pinna, left upper cheek, left upper limb, chest, right axilla, hard palate and epidermal cyst (chin. The histopathological specimens were negative to S-100 protein antibody. Systemic review and family history was unremarkable. Excision biopsy and upper lid reconstruction were performed. Intraoperatively the tumor was multilobulated, firm, well encapsulated and did not invade the underlying tarsal plate. Histopathological features of the upperlid tumor were consistent with nerves sheath myxoma (neurothekeoma. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of neurothekeoma in association with multiple superficial angiomyxoma.

Neurothekeoma palpebrae in association with multiple superficial angiomyxomas: Tegumental Angiomyxoma-Neurothekeoma syndrome (TAN syndrome).

Science.gov (United States)

Kah, Tan Aik; Yong, Ku Chui; Annuar, Faridah Hanom

2011-07-01

We report a case of 10-year-old Indian girl with history of multiple superficial angiomyxoma, presented with three months history of painless right upper lid swelling. There were no visual dysfunctions. Previously, the patient had multiple superficial angiomyxoma (left pinna, left upper cheek, left upper limb, chest, right axilla, hard palate) and epidermal cyst (chin). The histopathological specimens were negative to S-100 protein antibody. Systemic review and family history was unremarkable. Excision biopsy and upper lid reconstruction were performed. Intraoperatively the tumor was multilobulated, firm, well encapsulated and did not invade the underlying tarsal plate. Histopathological features of the upperlid tumor were consistent with nerves sheath myxoma (neurothekeoma). To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of neurothekeoma in association with multiple superficial angiomyxoma.

Is superficial burn caused by ultraviolet radiation (sunburn) comparable to superficial burn caused by heat--a histomorphological comparison by in vivo Reflectance-Mode-Confocal Microscopy.

Science.gov (United States)

Altintas, M A; Altintas, A A; Guggenheim, M; Busch, K H; Niederbichler, A D; Aust, M C; Vogt, P M

2009-12-01

Regardless of the underlying cause, both sunburn and superficial thermal injuries are classified as first-degree burns, since data on morphological differences are scarce. Reflectance-Mode-Confocal Microscopy (RMCM) enables high-resolution non-invasive investigation of the human skin. We studied in vivo histomorphological alterations in both sunburn and superficial thermal injuries using RMCM. Ten patients (6 female, 4 male; aged 28.4 +/- 10.6 years) with first-degree thermal-contact Injuries (TI group), and 9 sunburned patients (SB group; 7 female, 2 male; aged 30.2 +/- 16.4 years), to a maximum extent of 10% of the body surface were evaluated 24 h after burn injury using RMCM. The following parameters were obtained using RMCM: stratum corneum thickness, epidermal thickness, basal layer thickness, granular cell size. Compared to the controls (12.8 +/- 2.5 microm), stratum corneum thickness decreased significantly to 10.6 +/- 2.1 microm in the TI group, whereas it increased significantly to 16.4 +/- 3.1 microm in the SB group. The epidermal thickness did not differ significantly in the TI group (47.9 +/- 2.3 microm) and SB group (49.1 +/- 3.5 microm); however, both increased significantly compared to their respective controls (41.8 +/- 1.4 microm). The basal layer thickness increased more in the SB group compared to the TI group (17.9 +/- 1.4 microm vs. 15.6 +/- 1.1 microm). Both differed also significantly compared to their controls (13.8 +/- 0.9 microm). The granular cell size increased significantly in both groups compared to the controls (731 +/- 42 microm); however, a significantly higher increase was observed in the TI group (852 +/- 58 microm) compared to the SB group (784 +/- 61 microm). Ultraviolet radiation seems to influence predominantly deeper epidermal layers, whereas heat-induced burns affect more superficial epidermal layers. The term 'First-degree burn' should not be used synonymously for sunburn and superficial thermal burn injuries. Conflicts of

Ultrathin endoscopy versus high-resolution endoscopy for diagnosing superficial gastric neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Toyoizumi, Hirobumi; Kaise, Mitsuru; Arakawa, Hiroshi; Yonezawa, Jin; Yoshida, Yukinaga; Kato, Masayuki; Yoshimura, Noboru; Goda, Ken-ichi; Tajiri, Hisao

2009-08-01

Ultrathin endoscopy (UTE) is an acceptable and cost-effective alternative to EGD with the patient under sedation, although the diagnostic accuracy of UTE is not well established. To compare the diagnostic accuracy of UTE and high-resolution endoscopy (HRE) for superficial gastric neoplasia. Prospective comparative study. Academic center. Patients with or without superficial gastric neoplasia underwent peroral UTE and HRE, back-to-back in a random order while under standard sedation. The procedures were performed by 2 endoscopists who were blinded to the clinical information. The rate of missed lesions and misdiagnosis, sensitivity, and specificity for the diagnosis of gastric neoplasia when using pathology as the reference standard. In total, 126 lesions (41 superficial gastric neoplasias, 85 nonneoplastic lesions) were recorded in 57 enrolled patients. For the diagnosis of gastric neoplasia, the sensitivity of UTE (58.5%) was significantly (P = .021) lower than that of HRE (78%), and the specificity of UTE (91.8%) was significantly (P = .014) lower than that of HRE (100%). The rate of missed lesions and misdiagnosis of gastric neoplasias when using UTE (41.5%) was significantly (P > .001) higher than that of HRE (22.0%). The corresponding rate of neoplasias at the proximal portion (fornix and corpus) when using UTE (29%) was significantly (P = .002) higher than that of HRE (7.2%), although the rates of neoplasias at the distal portion (angulus and antrum) were comparable for UTE and HRE. Small sample numbers in an enriched population. The diagnostic accuracy of UTE is significantly lower than that of HRE for superficial gastric neoplasia, and this difference is particularly striking for neoplasias in the proximal stomach. For UTE to be used as an alternative modality, improvements in optical quality and the incorporation of additional procedures, including close-range observations and chromoendoscopy, are required to enhance visualization.

Ensayo del lisado de amebocitos del Limulus (LAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rolando Perdomo Morales

2004-04-01

Full Text Available En los últimos años, los principales organismos reguladores de productos farmacéuticos (Farmacopeas exigen cada vez más en sus monografías la aplicación del método del lisado de amebocitos de Limulus (LAL para la liberación de pirógenos en productos terminados parenterales. El análisis de pirógenos constituye uno de los principales ensayos en el control de calidad de la fabricación de inyectables por su repercusión en la salud humana, puesto que la presencia y administración de los mismos, es capaz de provocar una serie de respuestas fisiológicas, en su mayoría de carácter perjudicial y en casos extremos, la muerte del paciente. Por las razones anteriores, existe un creciente interés en el conocimiento y dominio de estos métodos. El presente trabajo muestra una revisión bibliográfica del método del LAL, se tratan aspectos como su descubrimiento y estandarización, aparición en la industria farmacéutica y razones para su triunfo, y los basamentos de los principales métodos o variaciones comerciales del LAL (gelificación, turbidimétricos y cromogénicos que se describen en las Farmacopeas.

Ensayo del lisado de amebocitos del Limulus (LAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rolando Perdomo Morales

Full Text Available En los últimos años, los principales organismos reguladores de productos farmacéuticos (Farmacopeas exigen cada vez más en sus monografías la aplicación del método del lisado de amebocitos de Limulus (LAL para la liberación de pirógenos en productos terminados parenterales. El análisis de pirógenos constituye uno de los principales ensayos en el control de calidad de la fabricación de inyectables por su repercusión en la salud humana, puesto que la presencia y administración de los mismos, es capaz de provocar una serie de respuestas fisiológicas, en su mayoría de carácter perjudicial y en casos extremos, la muerte del paciente. Por las razones anteriores, existe un creciente interés en el conocimiento y dominio de estos métodos. El presente trabajo muestra una revisión bibliográfica del método del LAL, se tratan aspectos como su descubrimiento y estandarización, aparición en la industria farmacéutica y razones para su triunfo, y los basamentos de los principales métodos o variaciones comerciales del LAL (gelificación, turbidimétricos y cromogénicos que se describen en las Farmacopeas.

Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system | Govind | SA ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

progression of clinical deterioration but halting the chronic subarachoid haemorrhage will reduce the iron load in the CSF and hence the cytotoxic risk. We present a case of superficial siderosis presenting with hearing loss and cerebellar signs highlighting the imaging findings. South African Journal of Radiology Vol.

Gross anatomy of superficial fascia and future localised fat deposit areas of the abdomen in foetus

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Pramod Kumar

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Background: The development and popularity of body contouring procedures such as liposuction and abdominoplasty has renewed interest in the anatomy of the superficial fascia and subcutaneous fat deposits of the abdomen. The study of anatomy of fascia and fetal adipose tissue was proposed as it may be of value in understanding the possible programing of prevention of obesity. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to understand the gross anatomy of superficial fascia of abdomen and to study the gross anatomy of future localized fat deposits (LFDs area of abdomen in fetus. Materials and Methods: Four fetus (two male & two female of four month of intrauterine life were dissected. Attachments & layers of superficial fascia and future subcutaneous fat deposit area of upper and lower abdomen were noted. Results: Superficial fascia of the abdomen was multi layered in mid line and number of layers reduced laterally as in adult. The future abdominal LFD (localized fat deposits area in fetus shows brownish-white blubbary tissue without well-defined adult fat lobules. Conclusion: The attachment and gross anatomy of superficial fascia of the fetus was similar to that in adults. The future LFD areas showed brownish white blubbary tissue with ill-defined fat lobules.

Transdermal drug delivery: feasibility for treatment of superficial bone stress fractures.

Science.gov (United States)

Aghazadeh-Habashi, Ali; Yang, Yang; Tang, Kathy; Lőbenberg, Raimar; Doschak, Michael R

2015-12-01

Transdermal drug delivery offers the promise of effective drug therapy at selective sites of pathology whilst reducing systemic exposure to the pharmaceutical agents in off-target organs and tissues. However, that strategy is often limited to cells comprising superficial tissues of the body (rarely to deeper bony structures) and mostly indicated with small hydrophobic pharmacological agents, such as steroid hormones and anti-inflammatory gels to skin, muscle, and joints. Nonetheless, advances in transdermal liposomal formulation have rendered the ability to readily incorporate pharmacologically active hydrophilic drug molecules and small peptide biologics into transdermal dosage forms to impart the effective delivery of those bioactive agents across the skin barrier to underlying superficial tissue structures including bone, often enhanced by some form of electrical, chemical, and mechanical facilitation. In the following review, we evaluate transdermal drug delivery systems, with a particular focus on delivering therapeutic agents to treat superficial bone pain, notably stress fractures. We further introduce and discuss several small peptide hormones active in bone (such as calcitonins and parathyroid hormone) that have shown potential for transdermal delivery, often under the added augmentation of transdermal drug delivery systems that employ lipo/hydrophilicity, electric charge, and/or microprojection facilitation across the skin barrier.

Reducing the negative vocal effects of superficial laryngeal dehydration with humidification.

Science.gov (United States)

Levendoski, Elizabeth Erickson; Sundarrajan, Anusha; Sivasankar, M Preeti

2014-07-01

Environmental humidification is a simple, cost-effective method believed to reduce superficial laryngeal drying. This study sought to validate this belief by investigating whether humidification treatment would reduce the negative effects of superficial laryngeal dehydration on phonation threshold pressure (PTP). Phonation threshold pressure data analysis may be vulnerable to bias because of lack of investigator blinding. Consequently, this study investigated the extent of PTP analysis reliability between unblinded and blinded investigators. Healthy male and female adults were assigned to a vocal fatigue (n = 20) or control group (n = 20) based on their responses to a questionnaire. PTP was assessed after 2 hours of mouth breathing in low humidity (dehydration challenge), following a 5-minute break in ambient humidity, and after 2 hours of mouth breathing in high humidity (humidification). PTP significantly increased following the laryngeal dehydration challenge. After humidification, PTP returned toward baseline. These effects were observed in both subject groups. PTP measurements were highly correlated between the unblinded and blinded investigator. Humidification may be an effective approach to decrease the detrimental voice effects of superficial laryngeal dehydration. These data lay the foundation for future investigations aimed at preventing and treating the negative voice changes associated with chronic, surface laryngeal drying.

Comparación entre dos biomodelos murinos (ratones Balb/c y ratas Sprague Dawley en el ensayo de micronúcleos transplacentarios

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Daniel Francisco Arencibia Arrebola

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: comparar fetos de ratones Balb/c y ratas Sprague Dawley como biomodelos en el ensayo de micronúcleos transplacentarios, determinando la frecuencia espontánea e inducida, y vincular el efecto genotóxico y reproductivo. Métodos: se formaron tres grupos experimentales/especie: control negativo (simulacro, control solvente NaCl (0,9 % y ciclofosfamida 50 mg/kg. Todos los grupos se administraron por vía intraperitoneal los días 14, 15 y 16 de la gestación, y 24 h después de la última inoculación en ratones y 48 h en ratas se procedió a realizar la eutanasia de las gestantes, para obtener las muestras de hígado fetal. Resultados: los fetos de ratas Sprague Dawley demostraron tener menores índices de citotoxicidad y de genotoxicidad, y se obtuvieron los resultados más bajos de micronúcleos endógenos. Los mejores resultados de inducción de citotoxicidad y genotoxicidad por la alta formación de micronúcleos con ciclofosfamida fueron en fetos de ratas Sprague Dawley, los que resultaron más susceptibles al daño genotóxico de este mutágeno. Se corroboró el poder clastogénico transplacentario de la ciclofosfamida, vinculando este ensayo de genotoxicidad a toxicología de la reproducción. Conclusiones: los resultados sugieren el mejor uso de fetos de ratas Sprague Dawley como biomodelo en este ensayo cuando es utilizada la ciclofosfamida como control positivo por la vía y dosis estudiada; además, se pudieran utilizar en la evaluación de nuevas drogas con carácter antigenotóxico por vía transplacentaria.

Remoción de cromo vi de soluciones acuosas por adsorción sobre carbones activados modificados

OpenAIRE

Céspedes, Nubia; Valencia, Jesús; Díaz, José de Jesús

2009-01-01

En este trabajo se determina la adsorción de Cr6+ de disoluciones acuosas en dos carbones activados comerciales en función del grado de modificación (reducción, oxidación) de la superficie de los adsorbentes con tratamientos térmicos en presencia de hidrógeno, oxígeno y ácido nítrico. La química superficial de los carbones activados originales y modificados se examina por los métodos de titulaciones de Böehm y descomposición con temperatura programada (DTP). Los ensayos de evaluación de la c...

Effect of an electrolyte flow on electrochemical hydrogen permeation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana María Pérez-Ceballos

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Se ha estudiado el efecto de la aplicación de un flujo de elect rolito sobre la superficie de detección de una membrana de hier ro puro en ensayos de permeación electroquímica de hidrógeno. Para la real ización de los ensayos se usó una celda del tipo Devanathan mod ificada, de tal manera que un flujo de electrolito fue inyectado directa mente sobre la superficie de salida de hidrógeno. La generación de hidrógeno se realizó aplicando una corriente catódica de 2,85mA y se usó una solución de NaOH 0,1M + 2mgL-1 As2O3. La celda de detección fue mantenida bajo control potenciostático y se usó u na solución buffer de borato de sodio (pH=8,4. No se observó u na variación significativa de la corriente de permeación en los en sayos realizados aplicando flujo de electrolito.

Tratamento do aneurisma aterosclerótico da artéria temporal superficial: relato de caso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paula Dayana Matkovski

2015-09-01

Full Text Available ResumoAneurismas da artéria temporal superficial são incomuns segundo a literatura. A grande maioria é secundária a traumatismos ou cirurgia na região temporal, sendo que 95% dos casos evoluem para pseudoaneurismas. Entretanto, os aneurismas verdadeiros ou espontâneos são extremamente raros e representam 8% dos casos de aneurismas da artéria temporal superficial, sendo estes, geralmente, de origem aterosclerótica. Aneurismas temporais espontâneos podem coexistir com outras lesões vasculares, incluindo aneurismas intracranianos. Nosso relato trata de um paciente com aneurisma de artéria temporal superficial esquerda, de origem aterosclerótica, no qual foi realizada a excisão cirúrgica, sob anestesia geral.

Risk factors associated with acquiring superficial fungal infections in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

extensively documented. It is therefore imperative to identify the factors that predispose to the development of SFI so as to provide evidence-based and effective pre- ventive measures, thus reducing the prevalence and the attendant morbidity associated with superficial fungal in- fections and this was our aim in this present ...

Honey compared with silver sulphadiazine in the treatment of superficial partial-thickness burns.

Science.gov (United States)

Malik, Kamran Ishaque; Malik, M A Nasir; Aslam, Azhar

2010-10-01

Burn injury is associated with a high incidence of death and disability; yet, its management remains problematic and costly. We conducted this clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of honey in the treatment of superficial and partial-thickness burns covering less than 40% of body surface area and compared its results with those of silver sulphadiazine (SSD). In this randomised comparative clinical trial, carried out Burn Center of POF Hospital, Wah Cantt, Pakistan, from May 2007 to February 2008, 150 patients of all ages having similar types of superficial and partial-thickness burns at two sites on different parts of body were included. Each patient had one burn site treated with honey and one treated with topical SSD, randomly. The rate of re-epithelialization and healing of superficial and partial-thickness burns was significantly faster in the sites treated with honey than in the sites treated with SSD (13·47 ± 4·06 versus 15·62 ± 4·40 days, respectively: P honey healed completely in less than 21 days versus 24 days for the site treated with SSD. Six patients had positive culture for Pseudomonas aeroginsa in honey-treated site, whereas 27 patients had positive culture in SSD-treated site. The results clearly showed greater efficacy of honey over SSD cream for treating superficial and partial-thickness burns. 2010 The Authors. Journal Compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and Medicalhelplines.com Inc.

Removal of dissolved organic carbon in pilot wetlands of subsuperficial and superficial flows

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Ruth M. Agudelo C

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Objective: to compare removal of dissolved organic carbon (d o c obtained with pilot wetlands of subsuperficial flow (p h s s and superficial flow (p h s, with Phragmites australis as treatment alternatives for domestic residual waters of small communities and rural areas. Methodology: an exploratory and experimental study was carried out adding 100,12 mg/L of dissolved organic carbon to synthetic water contaminated with Chlorpyrifos in order to feed the wetlands. A total amount of 20 samples were done, 16 of them in four experiments and the other ones in the intervals with no use of pesticides. Samples were taken on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 in the six wetlands, three of them subsuperficial, and three of them superficial. The main variable answer was dissolved organic carbon, measured in the organic carbon analyzer. Results: a high efficiency in the removal of d o c was obtained with the two types of wetlands: 92,3% with subsuperficial flow and 95,6% with superficial flow. Such a high removal was due to the interaction between plants, gravel and microorganisms. Conclusion: although in both types of wetlands the removal was high and similar, it is recommended to use those of subsuperficial flow because in the superficial ones algae and gelatinous bio-films are developed, which becomes favorable to the development of important epidemiologic vectors in terms of public health.

Superficial femoral artery: current treatment options

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tepe, Gunnar; Schmehl, Joerg; Heller, Stephan; Wiesinger, Benjamin; Claussen, Claus D.; Duda, Stephan H.

2006-01-01

Treatment of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) has been among the least effective of all endovascular procedures in terms of long-term patency. The relatively small vessel lumen, in conjunction with a high plaque burden, slow flow, and a high frequency of primary occlusions, contributes to a considerable rate of acute technical failures. Because of these technical limitations a much effort has been made during the past years. This manuscript should summarize the hopes and limitations of different approaches such as brachytherapy, cutting balloons, stents and stent grafts, drug-eluting stents, and drug-coated balloons. (orig.)

Flow Perturbation Mediates Neutrophil Recruitment and Potentiates Endothelial Injury via TLR2 in Mice: Implications for Superficial Erosion.

Science.gov (United States)

Franck, Grégory; Mawson, Thomas; Sausen, Grasiele; Salinas, Manuel; Masson, Gustavo Santos; Cole, Andrew; Beltrami-Moreira, Marina; Chatzizisis, Yiannis; Quillard, Thibault; Tesmenitsky, Yevgenia; Shvartz, Eugenia; Sukhova, Galina K; Swirski, Filip K; Nahrendorf, Matthias; Aikawa, Elena; Croce, Kevin J; Libby, Peter

2017-06-23

Superficial erosion currently causes up to a third of acute coronary syndromes; yet, we lack understanding of its mechanisms. Thrombi because of superficial intimal erosion characteristically complicate matrix-rich atheromata in regions of flow perturbation. This study tested in vivo the involvement of disturbed flow and of neutrophils, hyaluronan, and Toll-like receptor 2 ligation in superficial intimal injury, a process implicated in superficial erosion. In mouse carotid arteries with established intimal lesions tailored to resemble the substrate of human eroded plaques, acute flow perturbation promoted downstream endothelial cell activation, neutrophil accumulation, endothelial cell death and desquamation, and mural thrombosis. Neutrophil loss-of-function limited these findings. Toll-like receptor 2 agonism activated luminal endothelial cells, and deficiency of this innate immune receptor decreased intimal neutrophil adherence in regions of local flow disturbance, reducing endothelial cell injury and local thrombosis ( P <0.05). These results implicate flow disturbance, neutrophils, and Toll-like receptor 2 signaling as mechanisms that contribute to superficial erosion, a cause of acute coronary syndrome of likely growing importance in the statin era. © 2017 American Heart Association, Inc.

Radiación acústica por superficies planas: Aplicación a altavoces

OpenAIRE

Alba, Jesús; Ramis, Jaime; Espinosa, Víctor; Sánchez, Víctor

2003-01-01

En los sistemas de reproducción sonora es habitual la utilización de altavoces dinámicos. Sin embargo, en aplicaciones específicas, puede ser necesaria y/o conveniente la utilización de altavoces alternativos con superficies planas como diafragma, como los electrostáticos o los basados en la tecnología NXT© . Estos altavoces generan el campo acústico mediante la vibración de una superficie rectangular. Se puede suponer, en una primera aproximación, que todos los puntos sobre su su...

Armonización de estándares de calidad para ensayos clínicos. Norma ISO 9001-Guía de Buena Práctica Clínica

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Sandra Álvarez Guerra

2011-09-01

Full Text Available El proceso de ensayo clínico necesario para autorizar el uso de nuevos medicamentos en humanos es extenso y complejo. Para garantizar la calidad y estandarizar este proceso, la Conferencia Internacional de Armonización ha establecido la Guía E6 para la Buena Práctica Clínica, la cual ha sido asumida y adaptada por las agencias reguladoras nacionales para estandarizar este proceso en sus países. Otra norma que permite garantizar calidad es la ISO 9001:2008, que establece requisitos para implementar Sistema de Gestión de Calidad. El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en establecer elementos comunes que demuestren la armonización entre la Buena Práctica Clínica de la Conferencia Internacional de Armonización, la Buena Práctica Clínica cubana y la ISO 9001:2008 para su implementación en sistemas de calidad para los ensayos clínicos. Para ello se realizó el estudio de estos estándares analizando qué tienen en común en su aplicación para el proceso de ensayo clínico. Se determinó que el cliente, los proveedores, el enfoque de proceso, la documentación, la dirección, las revisiones, la forma de realización de la investigación y la mejora de la calidad son puntos comunes para los cuales se establecen requisitos a cumplir. Esto permitió afirmar que los estándares estudiados al ser usados de conjunto en el proceso de ensayo clínico, contribuyen a elevar la calidad, pues no existe ningún aspecto contemplado en ellos que refleje contradicción sino aspectos comunes que permiten su armonización y uso.

Prevalence and causative agents of superficial mycoses in a textile factory in Adana, Turkey.

Science.gov (United States)

Celik, E; Ilkit, M; Tanir, F

2003-09-01

This study was carried out in a textile factory settled in the city center of Adana, Turkey. The workers were evaluated for the presence of superficial mycoses and the interaction of their working environment or working condition. A total of 431 textile workers were included in the study, with a male to female ratio of 378 (87.7%) to 53 (12.3%) and an age range of 19-52 (mean: 33.7 +/- 6.8). Direct examination and/or culture revealed superficial mycoses in 73 (16.9%) workers, among them 56 (76.7%) were classified as dermatophytoses, 8 (11.0%) as Pityriasis versicolor while in nine (12.3%) of the cases, no causative agent could be determined. Trichophyton rubrum (57.1%) and T. mentagrophytes (42.9%) were the two species isolated on culture. This study emphasized that textile workers should be admitted as a risk group for superficial mycoses, especially tinea pedis.

A Novel Technique of Supra Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System Hyaluronic Acid Injection for Lower Face Lifting

OpenAIRE

Sahawatwong, Sinijchaya; Sirithanabadeekul, Punyaphat; Patanajareet, Vasiyapha; Wattanakrai, Penpun; Thanasarnaksorn, Wilai

2016-01-01

Background: Various methods attempting to correct sagging of the lower face focus mainly on manipulation of the superficial musculoaponeurotic System. Each technique has its own limitation. The authors propose a relatively simple, conservative method utilizing hyaluronic acid injection just above the superficial musculoaponeurotic System. Objective: To address a novel hyaluronic injection technique to lift the lower face. Methods: Details of the injection techniques are described. The Positio...

Limitaciones del ensayo de toxicidad específica para el componente pertussis de células completas

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Mario Landys Chovel

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Las vacunas que contienen células inactivadas de Bordetella pertussis se han utilizado con efectividad en los Programas Nacionales de Inmunización de todo el mundo. Pese a su reconocida eficacia, ellas se caracterizan por su elevada reactogenicidad, atribuible a la presencia de componentes como toxina pertussis y endotoxinas. Para monitorear la seguridad de estas vacunas existe el ensayo de ganancia en peso en ratones, el cual ha sido criticado por su inespecificidad, poca sensibilidad y alta variabilidad. Basado en lo anterior, el Laboratorio Nacional de Biológicos del Centro Estatal para el Control de de la Calidad de los Medicamentos en Cuba, decidió evaluar la relevancia de esta prueba para la liberación de los lotes de la vacuna DPT. Para ello se estimó la sensibilidad del método para detectar diferentes concentraciones de endotoxinas y toxina pertussis, así como la variabilidad entre ensayos. Los resultados de este trabajo mostraron que sólo altas concentraciones de endotoxinas y toxina pertussis, muy superiores a las habituales en las vacunas DPT, provocan una disminución de la ganancia en peso promedio y un fallo en la especificación de la prueba. Este elemento y la inherente variabilidad de este método resultaron claves en la decisión de no utilizarlo para la liberación nacional de lotes de la vacuna DPT.

Limitaciones del ensayo de toxicidad específica para el componente pertussis de células completas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vicente Perdomo

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Las vacunas que contienen células inactivadas de Bordetella pertussis se han utilizado con efectividad en los Programas Nacionales de Inmunización de todo el mundo. Pese a su reconocida eficacia, ellas se caracterizan por su elevada reactogenicidad, atribuible a la presencia de componentes como toxina pertussis y endotoxinas. Paramonitorear la seguridad de estas vacunas existe el ensayo de ganancia en peso en ratones, el cual ha sido criticado por su inespecificidad, poca sensibilidad y alta variabilidad. Basado en lo anterior, el Laboratorio Nacional de Biológicos del Centro Estatal para el Control de de la Calidad de los Medicamentos en Cuba, decidió evaluar la relevancia de esta prueba para la liberación de los lotes de la vacuna DPT. Para ello se estimó la sensibilidad del método para detectar diferentes concentraciones de endotoxinas y toxina pertussis, así como la variabilidad entre ensayos. Los resultados de este trabajo mostraron que sólo altas concentraciones de endotoxinas y toxina pertussis, muy superiores a las habituales en las vacunas DPT, provocan una disminución de la ganancia en peso promedio y un fallo en la especificación de la prueba. Este elemento y la inherente variabilidad de este método resultaron claves en la decisión de no utilizarlo para la liberación nacional de lotes de la vacuna DPT.

High dose rate brachytherapy for superficial cancer of the esophagus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maingon, Philippe; D'Hombres, Anne; Truc, Gilles; Barillot, Isabelle; Michiels, Christophe; Bedenne, Laurent; Horiot, Jean Claude

2000-01-01

Purpose: We analyzed our experience with external radiotherapy, combined modality treatment, or HDR brachytherapy alone to limited esophageal cancers. Methods and Materials: From 1991 to 1996, 25 patients with limited superficial esophagus carcinomas were treated by high dose rate brachytherapy. The mean age was 63 years (43-86 years). Five patients showed superficial local recurrence after external radiotherapy. Eleven patients without invasion of the basal membrane were staged as Tis. Fourteen patients with tumors involving the submucosa without spreading to the muscle were staged as T1. Treatment consisted of HDR brachytherapy alone in 13 patients, external radiotherapy and brachytherapy in 8 cases, and concomitant chemo- and radiotherapy in 4 cases. External beam radiation was administered to a total dose of 50 Gy using 2 Gy daily fractions in 5 weeks. In cases of HDR brachytherapy alone (13 patients), 6 applications were performed once a week. Results: The mean follow-up is 31 months (range 24-96 months). Twelve patients received 2 applications and 13 patients received 6 applications. Twelve patients experienced a failure (48%), 11/12 located in the esophagus, all of them in the treated volume. One patient presented an isolated distant metastasis. In the patients treated for superficial recurrence, 4/5 were locally controlled (80%) by brachytherapy alone. After brachytherapy alone, 8/13 patients were controlled (61%). The mean disease-free survival is 14 months (1-36 months). Overall survival is 76% at 1 year, 37% at 2 years, and 14% at 3 years. Overall survival for Tis patients is 24% vs. 20% for T1 (p 0.83). Overall survival for patients treated by HDR brachytherapy alone is 43%. One patient presented with a fistula with local failure after external radiotherapy and brachytherapy. Four stenosis were registered, two were diagnosed on barium swallowing without symptoms, and two required dilatations. Conclusion: High dose rate brachytherapy permits the treating

Superficial skin infections and the use of topical and systemic ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Superficial bacterial infections of the skin are very common. With the increasing burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), this is likely to worsen. Examples of such infections include impetigo, erysipelas, cellulitis, ecthyma, furuncles, carbuncles and subcutaneous abscesses. Common causative organisms are ...

Evaluation of anatomy and variations of superficial palmar arch and upper extremity arteries with CT angiography.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaplanoglu, Hatice; Beton, Osman

2017-04-01

To evaluate the abnormalities and variations of the arterial system of upper extremities and superficial palmar arch with computed tomography angiography and to guide the clinician during this procedure. A total of 156 upper extremities of 78 cases were retrospectively analyzed using computed tomography angiography. The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the hospital. From the analysis of the computed tomography angiography images, the following information was recorded; the diameters and abnormalities of radial, ulnar and brachial arteries in both upper extremities, the presence of atherosclerotic changes or stenosis in these arteries, whether the superficial palmar arch was complete or incomplete, and arterial dominance. Also, the computed tomography angiography classification of superficial palmar arch distribution and anatomic configuration was performed. The mean baseline diameters of the radial, ulnar and brachial arteries of the cases were; 2.8 ± 0.6, 2.5 ± 0.7, and 4.7 ± 0.6 mm, respectively. A complete superficial palmar arch was observed in 69.2 % of the right hands and 70.5 % of the left hands. For the superficial palmar arches on the right side, the radial artery was dominant in two and the ulnar artery was dominant in 47 with the remaining showing codominance. On the left side, the radial artery was dominant in one hand, with the ulnar artery being dominant in 49 cases, and in 28 cases, there was codominance. In the superficial palmar arch classification, four of the arches (A-D) were defined as complete and the remaining three (E-G) as incomplete. The current study clarified different variations in palmar circulation and forearm arteries to aid the surgeon during trans-radial or trans-ulnar catheterization, hemodialysis, or coronary artery bypass grafting.

Recanalization of superficial femoral artery by retrograde approach via popliteal artery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Jae Kyu; Kim, Hyung Kil; Yun, Ung; Seo, Jeong Jin; Kang, Heoung Keun

1995-01-01

To recanalize the occlusive lesion of superficial femoral artery at origin site by retrograde approach via popliteal artery. 15 patients, who were poor surgical candidates due to coronary artery disease and who had severe occlusive lesion of superficial femoral artery close to its origin with good distal runoffs to popliteal artery, were selected. Patients were all men and range of age were from 53 years to 66 years (mean age: 63 years). Range of lesion length were from 15 cm to 30 cm (mean length: 22.4 cm). Localization of popliteal artery was done with Doppler stethoscope or 'road-map' DSA. The method of recanalization were transluminal endarterectomy catheter (TEC), TEC and angioplasty, thrombolysoangioplasty (TLA). Retrograde puncture of popliteal artery was done in 15 patients successfully. TEC and PTA was performed in 9 patients, TEC only in 2 patients, and TLA and PTA in 2 patients. During the follow-up period of 5 months to 2 years reocclusion did not occur in 10 patients except for 1 patient with poor cardiac output in whom it occurred 1 day later. Remained 4 patients were lost in follow up. Any neurologic or vascular complication did not occur. Retrograde approach of superficial femoral artery via popliteal artery in patients with difficult vascular intervention by common method provides a useful, alternative recanalization method

Recanalization of superficial femoral artery by retrograde approach via popliteal artery

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Jae Kyu; Kim, Hyung Kil; Yun, Ung; Seo, Jeong Jin; Kang, Heoung Keun [Chonnam University Medical School, Kwangju (Korea, Republic of)

1995-09-15

To recanalize the occlusive lesion of superficial femoral artery at origin site by retrograde approach via popliteal artery. 15 patients, who were poor surgical candidates due to coronary artery disease and who had severe occlusive lesion of superficial femoral artery close to its origin with good distal runoffs to popliteal artery, were selected. Patients were all men and range of age were from 53 years to 66 years (mean age: 63 years). Range of lesion length were from 15 cm to 30 cm (mean length: 22.4 cm). Localization of popliteal artery was done with Doppler stethoscope or 'road-map' DSA. The method of recanalization were transluminal endarterectomy catheter (TEC), TEC and angioplasty, thrombolysoangioplasty (TLA). Retrograde puncture of popliteal artery was done in 15 patients successfully. TEC and PTA was performed in 9 patients, TEC only in 2 patients, and TLA and PTA in 2 patients. During the follow-up period of 5 months to 2 years reocclusion did not occur in 10 patients except for 1 patient with poor cardiac output in whom it occurred 1 day later. Remained 4 patients were lost in follow up. Any neurologic or vascular complication did not occur. Retrograde approach of superficial femoral artery via popliteal artery in patients with difficult vascular intervention by common method provides a useful, alternative recanalization method.

Cirugía de revascularización miocárdica versus stent farmacoactivos en pacientes con enfermedad de tronco común izquierdo: una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y de metaanálisis de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stefano Urso

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Objetivo: El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática es analizar en la literatura los resultados clínicos de cirugía de revascularización coronaria versus la intervención coronaria percutánea con stent farmacoactivos en el tratamiento de la enfermedad del tronco común izquierdo. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica mediante las bases de datos de Pubmed, Google Scholar, Medline, Embase y Cochrane, restringiendo dicha búsqueda a ensayos clínicos aleatorizados o metaanálisis realizados sobre ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, sin restricción de año de publicación ni de idioma. Resultados: Ochenta y dos artículos fueron encontrados usando la metodología de búsqueda descrita. De estos, fueron seleccionados 7 artículos procedentes de 5 ensayos de no inferioridad (SYNTAX, PRECOMBAT, estudio de Boudriot et al., NOBLE y EXCEL y 7 metaanálisis. Los presentes ensayos han comparado stent farmacoactivos de primera generación (SYNTAX: stent con paclitaxel; ensayo de Boudriot et al. y PRECOMBAT: stent con sirolimus y stents farmacoactivos de segunda generación (NOBLE: stent con biolimus; EXCEL: stent con everolimus con cirugía.Con referencia al procedimiento de revascularización coronaria, la utilización de la doble arteria mamaria interna osciló entre el 7,4 y el 54,4%. Todos los ensayos clínicos incluidos en esta revisión reportaron una tasa estadísticamente menor de revascularización repetida en la población quirúrgica. De acuerdo con la revisión de metaanálisis, el riesgo, expresado como razón de probabilidades, de requerir un nuevo procedimiento de revascularización miocárdica por la población percutánea en comparación con el de la población quirúrgica osciló entre 1,68 y 2,21. Conclusiones: Independientemente del tipo de stent farmacoactivo utilizado en los procedimientos percutáneos y a pesar de la baja tasa de utilización de la doble arteria mamaria interna en el grupo quir

Modificación superficial de aleaciones de base aluminio (anodizadas y no anodizadas mediante recubrimientos de sílice

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García-Heras, M.

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Transparent and colourless silica coatings were deposited on anodising and non-anodising substrates of aluminium-base alloys (series 6063. Coatings were prepared by soLgel (dipping method from a silica alkoxide and a mixture of both silica alkoxide and silica alkylalkoxide. Preparations were optimised from viscosity, density, surface tension, and contact angle measurements. Densification was carried out at 60 and 120 °C. Reflectance attenuation of coated samples was analysed by UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy. The results indicated that -10 % of attenuation is reached. Durability and resistance against degradation tests of the metal/coating system were undertaken by immersion into aqueous solutions. Electrochemical impedance measurements and potential corrosion of the metallic substrate for variable times were performed.

Se han depositado recubrimientos transparentes e incoloros de sílice sobre sustratos anodizados y no anodizados de aleaciones de base aluminio (serie 6063. Los recubrimientos se prepararon por sol-gel (inmersión-extracción a partir de un alcóxido de silicio y de una mezcla de alcóxido y alquilalcóxido de silicio. La optimización de las fonnulaciones se basó en medidas de viscosidad, densidad, tensión superficial y ángulo de contacto. La densificación se llevó a cabo a 60 y 120 °C. La atenuación de la reflectancia luminosa de las muestras recubiertas se analizó por espectroscopia UV-VIS-IRP. Los resultados indicaron que se alcanza casi un 10 % de atenuación. Los ensayos de durabilidad y resistencia a la degradación del sistema metal/recubrimiento se realizaron por inmersión en disoluciones acuosas, aplicando medidas de impedancia electroquímica y del potencial de corrosión del sustrato metálico, para tiempos variables.

Modelo Pre-Proceso de predicción de la Calidad Superficial en Fresado a Alta Velocidad basado en Softcomputing

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Víctor M. Flores

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Resumen: La calidad superficial es uno de los aspectos más cuidados en la fabricación de piezas. Esta calidad se estima frecuentemente en función a la rugosidad superficial. Trabajos que incorporan técnicas de softcomputing al estudio de la rugosidad superficial en-proceso o pos-proceso son relativamente frecuentes en la literatura. Sin embargo, son casi inexistentes los dedicados al estudio de la rugosidad superficial en pre-proceso, pese a que esto puede ayudar a reducir costes asociados al aseguramiento de la calidad superficial en la producción industrial. En este trabajo se presenta una técnica softcomputing para generar un modelo pre-proceso predictivo de la rugosidad superficial basado en experimentación con características diversas del proceso de fresado a alta velocidad. El modelo de predicción es un clasificador Bayesiano, validado con el método k-fold cross-validation y varios valores de mérito, lo que ha permitido verificar la calidad del modelo predictivo respecto a otros modelos basados en técnicas similares. Palabras clave: Mecanizado a alta velocidad, proceso de fresado a alta velocidad, softcomputing, redes Bayesianas, modelos predictivos

Optical coherence tomography and polarimetry of superficial skin biopsies

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S. R. Utz

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The goal. Of this study was to develop and assess the efficacy of polarization probing of biotissues in vitro. The method is based on the determination of polarization parameters of scattered radiation. Materials and methods. The well-known superficial epidermis stripping method was applied using the Sulfacrylate self-sterile medical adhesive. Small portions of thin layers of the adhesive were applied to slide plates and then to different skin sites. The corneous layer in the normal condition and in case of skin diseases (psoriasis, lichen acuminatus, discoid lupus erythematosus, alopecia, itching and demodectic mange was examined based on the optical coherence tomography (OCT method using the 0CS1300SS device (Thorlabs Inc, USA. Results. The authors obtained pictures visualizing the structural organization of different layers of the epidermis using the superficial epidermis biopsy method in case of lichen acuminatus, hyperkeratosis, itching and other skin diseases. Conclusion. This method ensures non-invasive high-precision measurement of the structure of different layers of the epidermis, which may be useful both for research purposes and practical dermatology.

Colaboración Cochrane Iberoamericana-Colombia región Antioquia y viejo Caldas. Identificación y descripción de los ensayos clínicos controlados publicados durante el período 1948 -1998

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Jorge Pérez

2002-03-01

Full Text Available Objective: To locate with the highest possible exhaustiveness and then to describe the clinical trials (CT with random distribution published in the region. This information may allow a larger knowledge of this type of scientific activity, and constitute the departure base for the tasks of the Cochrane Ibero-American Collaboration. Methodology: Manual search of possible controlled clinical trials in the main titles of medical journals in the region. Results: 23 publications were reviewed, in which 53 controlled clinical trials and three randomized clinical trials were found. Conclusions: This is a pioneer work in Antioquia and old Caldas in the search for controlled clinical trials in the main publications between 1948-1998; this work is part of the study “Identification of controlled clinical studies and meta-analysis in Colombian health magazines 1948-1998”, started with the goal of creating a Latin American database specialized in clinical trials, and in this way to be able to compete with the international indexes. Entidades: Escuela de Investigaciones Médicas Aplicadas, Biblioteca Médica, Facultad de Medicina; Sistema de Bibliotecas, Universidad de Antioquia. Objetivo: localizar y describir los ensayos clínicos (EC con distribución aleatoria publicados en la región. Se pretende que esta información permita un mayor conocimiento de este tipo de actividad científica, así como que constituya la base de partida para los trabajos de la Colaboración Cochrane Iberoamericana. Metodología: búsqueda manual en los principales títulos de revistas médicas de la región de los posibles ensayos clínicos controlados. Resultados: se revisaron 23 revistas, en las cuales se encontraron 52 ensayos clínicos controlados y tres ensayos clínicos aleatorizados. Conclusiones: este trabajo es pionero en Antioquia y el viejo Caldas en la búsqueda de ensayos clínicos controlados en las principales publicaciones entre 1948-1998. Hace parte del

Superficial tension: experimental model with simple materials

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Tintori Ferreira, María Alejandra

2012-09-01

Full Text Available In this work appears a didactic offer based on an experimental activity using materials of very low cost, orientated to achieving that the student understand and interpret the phenomenon of superficial tension together with the importance of the modeling in sciences. It has as principal aim of education bring the student over to the mechanics of the static fluids and the intermolecular forces, combining scientific contents with questions near to the student what provides an additional motivation to the reflection of the scientific investigation.

Ensamble, diseño y ensayo de un potenciometro computarizado

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Rocio Bojacá B.

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Se ha ensamblado una unidad potenciométrica (U.P. para mediciones de pH y fuerza electromotriz en procesos estáticos y de titulación. La reproducibilidad en mediciones de pH es de 0.013 unidades de pH y 0.01 mi en volumen. El potenciómetro consta de un acoplador de impedancias, un amplificador de ganancia variable y una interfase (convertidor análogico/Digital. El computador utilizado es un Kaypro II y et graficador es Phillips 8154. El software desarrollado incluye tos programas calibra (estandarización de la U.P. en dos pH diferentes, titula, tit140 y Tit1400 (titulaciones ácido-base y Redox y Ajus (cálculos de volimen como función de pH o potencial. En los ensayos de la U.P. se insiste en las diferencias que se observan en las gráficas cuando se titula un Acido Fuerte o un Acido Débil. En el primer caso se propone la denominación Zona Estabilizadora y en et segundo Zona Buffer o amortiguadora, donde se forma el típico sistema Acido/Sal.

Superficially located enlarged lymphoid follicles characterise nodular gastritis.

Science.gov (United States)

Okamura, Takuma; Sakai, Yasuhiro; Hoshino, Hitomi; Iwaya, Yugo; Tanaka, Eiji; Kobayashi, Motohiro

2015-01-01

Nodular gastritis is a form of chronic Helicobacter pylori gastritis affecting the gastric antrum and characterised endoscopically by the presence of small nodular lesions resembling gooseflesh. It is generally accepted that hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles histologically characterises nodular gastritis; however, quantitative analysis in support of this hypothesis has not been reported. Our goal was to determine whether nodular gastritis is characterised by lymphoid follicle hyperplasia.The number, size, and location of lymphoid follicles in nodular gastritis were determined and those properties compared to samples of atrophic gastritis. The percentages of high endothelial venule (HEV)-like vessels were also evaluated.The number of lymphoid follicles was comparable between nodular and atrophic gastritis; however, follicle size in nodular gastritis was significantly greater than that seen in atrophic gastritis. Moreover, lymphoid follicles in nodular gastritis were positioned more superficially than were those in atrophic gastritis. The percentage of MECA-79 HEV-like vessels was greater in areas with gooseflesh-like lesions in nodular versus atrophic gastritis.Superficially located hyperplastic lymphoid follicles characterise nodular gastritis, and these follicles correspond to gooseflesh-like nodular lesions observed endoscopically. These observations suggest that MECA-79 HEV-like vessels could play at least a partial role in the pathogenesis of nodular gastritis.

Superficial corneal crosslinking during laser in situ keratomileusis.

Science.gov (United States)

Seiler, Theo G; Fischinger, Isaak; Koller, Tobias; Derhartunian, Viktor; Seiler, Theo

2015-10-01

To determine the safety of superficial corneal crosslinking after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Institut für Refraktive und Ophthalmo-Chirurgie, Zurich, Switzerland. Prospective study. Eyes with an ectasia risk score of 2 or higher were treated with standard LASIK (90 μm flap) for myopia correction, after which a rapid corneal crosslinking was performed in the interface (riboflavin 0.5% for 2 minutes, 9 mW/cm(2) for 5 minutes) (Group 1). The follow-up was up to 1 year. The prevalence of complications was statistically compared with that in a group of eyes matched regarding age, sex, and attempted refractive correction that were treated with standard LASIK only (Group 2). One month postoperatively, 5 eyes in Group 1 lost 1 line of corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) compared with 1 eye in Group 2 (P rate of less than 5%. The refractive success was identical in both groups. Early postoperative complications such as erosions (16%), diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) stage 1 (38%), and DLK stage 2 (5%) were statistically significantly more frequent after superficial corneal crosslinking, leading to a statistically significantly reduced uncorrected distance visual acuity at 1 month (P interest in any material or method mentioned. Copyright © 2015 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Can sparing of the superficial contralateral parotid lobe reduce xerostomia following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer?

Science.gov (United States)

Nevens, Daan; Nuyts, Sandra

2017-12-01

The purpose of this study is to see whether sparing the superficial contralateral parotid lobe can help limiting xerostomia following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. 88 patients that were included in two prospective randomized studies were analysed in the current study. Using the dosimetry of both the parotid glands, we divided our patients in four groups. Group 1 includes patients where we were able to reduce the radiation dose below the threshold in order to spare both the ipsilateral and contralateral parotid glands, Group 2 consists of patients where only the contralateral parotid gland could be spared. Group 3 consists of patients where only the contralateral superficial parotid lobe could be spared, while in Group 4 not even the contralateral superficial lobe could be spared. When we compared Group 1 and Group 2, we did not observe a significant difference between both groups in terms of xerostomia scores at 6 or 12 months. When we compared these groups with Group 3, we observed significant differences with more xerostomia in Group 3 where only the contralateral superficial lobe was spared. A significant difference was also observed between Group 3 and Group 4 with more xerostomia in Group 4. Sparing of just one superficial parotid lobe results in less xerostomia when compared to not sparing any lobe of both parotid glands. Advances in knowledge: When sparing of the whole contralateral parotid gland is not possible, delineating both the superficial parotid glands and trying to spare at least one of them can mean a way forward in limiting xerostomia in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy.

Investigation of Superficial Resistance of Different Purity Copper at Boiling Nitrogen Temperature Depending on Treatment of Current-Conducting Layer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kutovoj, V.A.; Nikolaenko, A.A.; Stoev, P.I.

2007-01-01

Results of this scientific work show influence of annealing temperature and deformation degree of initial MOB copper and after electron beam refining on superficial resistance at temperature of boiling nitrogen. It is shown, that 30 % deformation and annealing in 873...923 K temperature range results in appreciable reduction of superficial resistance at the investigated samples of copper. The lowest values of superficial resistance after thermal and mechanical treatment were observed in the samples after electron beam refinement

Estudio del desgaste de aceros rápidos pulvimetalúrgicos M3/2 reforzados con carburo de niobio mediante el ensayo pin-on-disk

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Candela, N.

2005-10-01

Full Text Available In this work, composite materials M3/2 high-speed steel reinforced with 5,10 and 15 %, in volume, of niobium carbide have been obtained to improve the wear behaviour. The materials were prepared by powder metallurgy using steel and carbide powders that were mechanically ball milled in a planetary mill, and then hot isostatically pressed. The wear behaviour was determined by pin-on-disk tests. The materials present a microstructure consisting of grains with a few microns in size and fine MC and M₆C particles homogeneously dispersed in its interior. In the case of reinforced materials, reinforcing carbides particles are placed mainly at the surface of the prior steel powder particle boundaries. The wear behaviour was evaluated from friction and wear coefficients, and also from weight loss. The addition of niobium carbide improves the wear properties of the tool steel in both martensitic and tempered conditions. A decrease of the weight loss and the wear coefficient is observed with increasing volume fraction of NbC

En este trabajo se han preparado materiales compuestos de acero rápido M3/2 reforzado con un 5, un 10 y un 15 % en volumen de carburos de niobio con el objeto de mejorar sus propiedades mecánicas y resistencia al desgaste. La fabricación de los distintos materiales compuestos se realizó mediante molienda mecánica de polvo de acero rápido y carburo en un molino de alta energía, y compactación isostática en caliente. El comportamiento al desgaste se determinó a través de ensayos pin-on-disk. El material de partida presenta una microestructura con un tamaño de grano de pocas mieras y pequeños carburos MC y M₆C homogéneamente dispersos en su interior. En el caso de los materiales reforzados, las partículas reforzantes de carburo se sitúan mayoritariamente sobre la superficie de las partículas originales de polvo de acero. El comportamiento al desgaste se evaluó a partir del coeficiente

Outcome of superficial squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a clinicopathological study

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Maria Aparecida Coelho de Arruda Henry

2013-05-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To analyze the clinicopathological features and outcome of patients with pathologically proven superficial squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. METHODS: A total of 234 consecutive cases of esophageal carcinoma in a 15-year period were reviewed. RESULTS: Superficial esophageal cancer was found in five patients (2.1%. They were four men and one woman and the mean age was 52.5 years. Smoking and alcohol were the main risk factors. Achalasia due to Chagas disease occurred in one patient and a second primary tumor developed in the larynx in another patient. Four patients underwent esophagectomy and one patient received chemoradiotherapy. The histopathologic diagnosis was of squamous cell carcinoma in all cases. Intramucosal tumor (Tis was identified in three cases and superficially invasive carcinoma in two cases. Four patients are free of disease with survival times of two, four, six and nine years. The patient who developed laryngeal cancer died six years after esophagectomy. CONCLUSION: Long-term survival in patients with esophageal cancer is related to early diagnosis. Therefore, a less aggressive surgical approach, such as endoscopic resection, may be a good option for these patients, if depth of tumor invasion can be accurately predicted by the new imaging tools.

Impactación por odontoma en asociación con alteración de la fórmula dentaria Impaction caused by odontoma associated with altered dental formula

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Denia Morales Navarro

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Los odontomas son entidades odontogénicas mixtas, compuestas por una mezcla de células odontogénicas epiteliales y mesenquimatosas diferenciadas. Por lo inusual del hecho el objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue presentar un caso de asociación de impactación dentaria por un odontoma con la alteración de la fórmula dental. Se trata de un paciente masculino de 26 años, que acudió a la consulta externa de Cirugía Maxilofacial refiriendo dolor. Al examen físico se detectó asimetría facial por aumento de volumen duro elástico del tercio facial inferior derecho. Al examen físico bucal se observó persistencia del 65 y 85, ausencia clínica del 15, 47 y 48 con expansión de las corticales vestibular y lingual en región mandibular posterior derecha (región molar y retromolar y presencia de una apertura en la mucosa de aproximadamente 8 mm por distal del 46, en la cima del reborde alveolar, de forma redondeada. En el estudio ortopantomográfico se visualizó una imagen radiopaca irregular en sus bordes, de 3cm, asociada a la oligodoncia del 48 e impactación del 47, por lo que se decidió realizar la exéresis quirúrgica de la lesión conjuntamente con el 47, indicándose estudio histopatológico que confirmó la presencia de un odontoma complejo con áreas de tejido blando periférico que mostraban inflamación crónica. El paciente se mantiene bajo seguimiento clínico e imagenológico en su tercer mes postoperatorio. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue presentar un caso de asociación de impactación dentaria por un odontoma con la alteración de la fórmula dental.The mixed odontogenic odontomas are entities composed of a mixture of differentiated odontogenic epithelial and mesenchymal cells. The objective of this paper was to presente an unusual case of association of dental impaction caused by odontoma and altered dental formula. A male patient aged 26 years, who felt pain, attended the outpatient Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery service

Harvest Date Influences Superficial Scald Development in Granny Smith Apples During Long Term Storage

OpenAIRE

ERKAN, Mustafa; PEKMEZCİ, Mustafa

2014-01-01

The effects of harvest dates on superficial scald development and postharvest quality in 'Granny Smith' apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) were investigated. Apples were harvested at 15-day intervals during 2 consecutive years (2000-2001) and stored at 0 °C with 90% relative humidity for 8 months. At the end of the 8 - month storage period plus an additional 1 week at 20 °C the percentage of superficial scald was lower (24.4%) in late harvested (November 15) apples than in ap...

Flow Perturbation Mediates Neutrophil Recruitment and Potentiates Endothelial Injury via TLR2 in Mice – Implications for Superficial Erosion

Science.gov (United States)

Franck, Grégory; Mawson, Thomas; Sausen, Grasiele; Salinas, Manuel; Masson, Gustavo Santos; Cole, Andrew; Beltrami-Moreira, Marina; Chatzizisis, Yiannis; Quillard, Thibault; Tesmenitsky, Yevgenia; Shvartz, Eugenia; Sukhova, Galina K.; Swirski, Filip K.; Nahrendorf, Matthias; Aikawa, Elena; Croce, Kevin J.; Libby, Peter

2017-01-01

Rationale Superficial erosion currently causes up to a third of acute coronary syndromes (ACS), yet we lack understanding of its mechanisms. Thrombi due to superficial intimal erosion characteristically complicate matrix-rich atheromata in regions of flow perturbation. Objective This study tested in vivo the involvement of disturbed flow, and of neutrophils, hyaluronan, and TLR2 ligation in superficial intimal injury, a process implicated in superficial erosion. Methods and Results : In mouse carotid arteries with established intimal lesions tailored to resemble the substrate of human eroded plaques, acute flow perturbation promoted downstream endothelial cell (EC) activation, neutrophil accumulation, EC death and desquamation, and mural thrombosis. Neutrophil loss-of-function limited these findings. TLR2 agonism activated luminal ECs, and deficiency of this innate immune receptor decreased intimal neutrophil adherence in regions of local flow disturbance, reducing EC injury and local thrombosis (p<0.05). Conclusions These results implicate flow disturbance, neutrophils, and TLR2 signaling as mechanisms that contribute to superficial erosion, a cause of ACS of likely growing importance in the statin era. PMID:28428204

COMPORTAMIENTO DE UN MATERIAL GRANULAR NO TRATADO EN ENSAYOS TRIAXIALES CÍCLICOS CON PRESIÓN DE CONFINAMIENTO CONSTANTE Y VARIABLE BEHAVIOR OF AN UNBOUND GRANULAR MATERIAL IN CYCLIC TRIAXIAL TESTS WITH CONSTANT AND VARIABLE CONFINING PRESSURE

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Hugo Alexander Rondón Quintana

2008-12-01

Full Text Available En un pavimento, cada una de las capas de la estructura experimenta bajo una carga vehicular ciclos de esfuerzo con componentes vertical, horizontal y de corte. Para el estudio de materiales granulares no tratados (utilizados para conformar capas de base y subbase, la mayor parte de las investigaciones se realizan empleando equipos triaxiales cíclicos en donde sólo la carga vertical es cíclica y la presión de confinamiento permanece constante durante el ensayo. Un ensayo que reproduce mejor la forma como se distribuyen los esfuerzos en estas capas es el ensayo triaxial cíclico con presión de confinamiento variable. En este ensayo se pueden modelar las componentes cíclicas tanto en el sentido vertical como horizontal. A pesar que son ensayos distintos, la ingeniería de pavimentos supone que la respuesta que experimentan estos materiales en estos ensayos es similar, lo anterior basado en algunos estudios realizados en la década de los setenta. En la presente investigación se diseña y desarrolla un programa experimental más detallado, para comparar el comportamiento que desarrolla un material granular no tratado en estos ensayos. De los resultados se evidencia que sólo para algunas trayectorias de esfuerzo, la dirección y la acumulación de la deformación vertical y volumétrica es similar.In a pavement structure, passing wheel loads impose cyclic stresses consisting of vertical, horizontal and shear components. Studies of the behavior of unbound granular materials (UGM, used for base and sub-base layers under cyclic loading are mostly performed using the axisymmetric triaxial test with constant confining pressure (CCP test and a cyclic variation of the axial stress. However, in this type of test only the vertical component of the cyclic stress path is considered. The oscillation of the horizontal stress can be reproduced by an additional cyclic variation of the confining pressure (VCP test. CCP and VCP tests are sometimes assumed to

Efectividad de la profilaxis analgésica con clonixinato de lisina en exodoncias: ensayo clínico aleatorio.

OpenAIRE

Pedro Aravena; Bruna Benso; Alejandra Bertín; Rocío Aravena-Torres

2013-01-01

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de la profilaxis analgésica con dosis únicas de clonixinato de lisina (CL 125mg) en pacientes sometidos a extracciones dentales. Metodología: Ensayo clínico aleatorio, doble enmascaramiento placebo-controlado. Participaron pacientes ASA I y II con indicación de exodoncia dental de servicios públicos en la ciudad de Valdivia-Chile en el mes de octubre del 2012. Se asignó de manera aleatoria dos grupos: un grupo tratamiento quienes recibieron una dosis ...

Studio della superficie degli impianti dentali in titanio: La nanotecnologia nella valutazione delle nuove superfici implantari in rapporto all'osteointegrazione dei mascellari

OpenAIRE

Ricci, Emanuele

2015-01-01

Il presente lavoro parte dalla descrizione dei processi di rimodellamento osseo mascellare a seguito della perdita di elementi dentari e la successiva riabilitazione mediante impianto dentale osteointegrato. Approfondiremo proprio i complessi aspetti dell’osteointegrazione su superfici implantari in titanio sia a livello micro che macroscopico. Nel campo dell’implantologia, infatti, il titanio risulta essere il materiale maggiormente impiegato in virtù della sua eccellente biocompatibilità...

Bioética en ensayos clínicos: Su aplicación actual

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Ilquia Baluja Conde

1998-08-01

Full Text Available Se presenta una revisión bibliográfica acerca de las regulaciones éticas internacionales que han sido establecidas en el desarrollo de los ensayos clínicos. Se explica la necesidad actual de considerar la relación beneficio/riesgo cuando se va a experimentar en seres humanos. Las buenas prácticas clínicas establecen que los pacientes que participan en investigaciones biomédicas deben dar su consentimiento de forma libre, voluntaria y sin coacción; una vez que hayan sido informados de los objetivos, beneficios y riesgos de éste, así como de las alternativas terapéuticas existentes. El investigador debe registrar y comunicar todos los sucesos adversos que aparecen en el curso de un ensayo clínico a los comités de revisión y ética y a las autoridades regulatorias responsables del control de los medicamentos. A partir de los años 70 el desarrollo acelerado de las industrias medicofarmacéuticas y biotecnológicas en el mundo favoreció la aparición de las organizaciones de investigación por contrato (CROs, las cuales participan de forma parcial o completa en la evaluación clínica del nuevo producto que va a ser registrado y comercializado. En la realización de esta tarea, las CROs deben cumplir estrictamente con las regulaciones éticas establecidas para los ensayos clínicos. Sin embargo, actualmente los países desarrollados tienen la tendencia de llevar a cabo las investigaciones biomédicas en los países en vías de desarrollo, pues pueden disminuir los costos de sus investigaciones, los productores eluden con mayores facilidades las regulaciones éticas que establecen los países desarrollados, y algunos problemas de salud requieren ser estudiados en estos países por ser propios de estas regiones del mundoA literature review on international ethical regulations which have been set for the development of clinical trials together with the explanation of the present need for taking benefit/risk relation into consideration

Proceedings CORENDE: Regional congress on nondestructive and structural evaluation; Actas CORENDE: Congreso regional de ensayos no destructivos y estructurales

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-12-31

Works are presented at the CORENDE: Regional Congress on Nondestructive and Structural Evaluation organized by the National Atomic Energy Commission and the National Technological University (Mendoza). This congress wants to be the forum where people from research, industry and marketing might meet and discuss ideas towards the fostering of these new cultural habits. Papers covering all disciplines contributing to the evaluation of components, systems and structures are welcome: nondestructive evaluation methods and techniques (ultrasound, eddy currents and other electromagnetic methods, acoustic emission, radiography, thermography, leak testing, dye-penetrants, visual inspection, etc.), personnel certification, welding inspection, nondestructive metallography, optics and lasers, fluid-structure interaction, vibrations, extensometry, modelling of structures refs., ills. [Espanol] Se presentan trabajos de CORENDE: Congreso Regional de Ensayos no Destructivos y Estructurales organizado por la Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica y la Universidad Tecnologica Nacional (Mendoza). Este congreso se propone como un foro de discusion, donde, desde la investigacion hasta la produccion y comercializacion, se intercambien y discutan ideas que sirvan de guia para fomentar ese necesario cambio cultural. Los topicos de discusion incluyen a todas las disciplinas presentes en la evaluacion de componentes, sistemas y estructuras: tecnicas no destructivas (ultrasonido, corrientes inducidas, radiografia industrial, emision acustica, particulas magnetizables, termografia, liquidos penetrantes, ensayos de perdidas, inspeccion visual, etc.), certificacion de personal, inspeccion en soldaduras, replicas metalograficas, tecnicas opticas y laser, interaccion fluido-estructura, vibraciones, extensometria, modelado de estructuras

Observation and control system of the thermohydraulic assays laboratory; Sistema de observacion y control del laboratorio de ensayos termohidraulicos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santome, D; Hualde, R

1991-12-31

The Thermohydraulic Assays Laboratory (L.E.T.) is an installation whose purpose will be the components testing and the CAREM-25 reactor thermohydraulic processes operation dynamics. This plant is located at Pilcaniyeu, province of Rio Negro. Part of the tests which will be carried out consist in the use of different control strategies. The control of the systems by digital processors (control by software) has been decided to proceed with a maximum flexibility and capacity to make changes in the algorithms. This work describes the design and implementation of a digital control system to command the three circuits of the installation. (Author). [Espanol] El Laboratorio de Ensayos Termohidraulicos (L.E.T.) es una instalacion cuyo objeto sera el ensayo de componentes y de la dinamica de operacion de los procesos termohidraulicos del reactor CAREM-25. Esta planta esta localizada en Pilcaniyeu, provincia de Rio Negro. Parte de las pruebas que se efectuaran en el L.E.T. consisten en el empleo de distintas estrategias de control. Para disponer de una maxima flexibilidad y capacidad de efectuar cambios en los algoritmos, se decidio realizar el control de los sistemas por medio de procesadores digitales (control por software). Este trabajo consistio en el diseno e implementacion de un sistema de control digital distribuido para el comando de los tres circuitos con que cuenta la instalacion. (Autor).

Anatomía de la arteria temporal superficial: importancia quirúrgica: estudio piloto en cadáveres

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J.J. Pradel-Mora

2015-03-01

Full Text Available El conocimiento preciso de los patrones vasculares permite mejorar los resultados de la reconstrucción regional del pabellón auricular y el diseño de colgajos regionales dependientes de la arteria temporal superficial para la reconstrucción facial. En México, no contamos en la actualidad con descripciones anatómicas de las variantes vasculares normales de la arteria temporal superficial. El objetivo de este trabajo es la descripción de las variantes anatómicas de la arteria temporal superficial a través de la disección de este vaso en 12 regiones tempo-parieto-occipitales en cadáveres. Nuestros resultados muestran que la arteria temporal superficial siempre se divide en dos ramas, una anterior y otra posterior, la distribución de ésta se sitúa en el cuarto más posterior de la región temporal, con una bifurcación alta. La distribución de la anatomía vascular, tomando en cuenta el calibre mayor de la arteria temporal superficial con respecto a la arteria auricular posterior, la ausencia de esta última en 4 de las regiones estudiadas, así como la distancia de dichos vasos con respecto al conducto auditivo externo, sugieren que en nuestra población la irrigación del pabellón auricular depende de la arteria temporal superficial, restándole importancia a la aportación del riego sanguíneo de esta región por parte de la arteria auricular posterior. Nuestro estudio arroja resultados que indican la existencia de variaciones importantes en la anatomía vascular regional que justifican la realización de estudios posteriores que permitan una descripción mas detallada de la misma para aumentar el éxito de las intervenciones quirúrgicas.

Perspectivas del ensayo de Potencial Bioquímico de Metano - PBM para el control del proceso de digestión anaerobia de residuos

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Lina Marcela Cárdenas Cleves

2016-06-01

Full Text Available La digestión anaerobia es un proceso biológico que permite lograr dos propósitos de manera simultánea, el tratamiento de residuos para el control de la contaminación ambiental y el aprovechamiento y valorización de los subproductos generados: el metano como fuente de energía renovable y el material digerido con potencial de aplicación agrícola. Con el fi n de determinar la capacidad de producción de metano, la biodegradabilidad anaerobia de un sustratoorgánico, seleccionar sustratos e inóculos potenciales y predecir el funcionamiento de digestores a escala real, se realizan ensayos a escala de laboratorio en reactores batch como el de Potencial Bioquímico de Metano (PBM. En este artículo se presenta una refl exión sobre diferentes aspectos relacionados con este importante ensayo, como la diversidad en la denominación del experimento, las diferentes modifi caciones en las condiciones operacionales y experimentales, el uso de diferentes unidades de medición, las ecuaciones de cálculo usadas para la cuantifi cación del metano, entre otros, que han dado lugar a diversas propuestas metodológicas las cuales difi eren en factores que condicionan su aplicación y la comparación de los resultados con otros estudios. Con esta refl exión se ratifi ca la utilidad de este ensayo pero también la necesidad de estandarizarlo, por lo cual es recomendable reportar las condiciones experimentales y operacionales y las unidades adecuadas, para evitar confusiones metodológicas y permitir una mayor reproducibilidad. Adicionalmente, se debe profundizar en el análisis metodológico de los diferentes métodos de medición y así obtener resultados comparables.

APLICAÇÃO DE GEOTÊXTEIS BIODEGRADÁVEIS NA REDUÇÃO DO ESCOAMENTO SUPERFICIAL E CONTROLE DA EROSÃO SUPERFICIAL, UBERLÂNDIA/MG

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José Fernando Rodrigues Bezerra

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Esse artigo aborda a utilização dos geotêxteis biodegradáveis no controle do escoamento superficial e perda de sedimentos. Para alcançar esse objetivo, uma estação experimental foi construída na Fazenda do Glória, no município de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, a qual ficou funcionando no período de 18/11/2005 a 30/03/2006. Duas parcelas foram construídas, com as seguintes características: medidas de 1m x 10m, com uma calha, na parte inferior de cada parcela, para coletar água do escoamento superficial e sedimentos transportados. Uma das parcelas ficou sem cobertura vegetal durante todo o monitoramento e a outra recebeu a proteção dos geotêxteis (Buriti e sementes de gramínea. Durante os cinco meses de monitoramento, houve um total de 1.087,22mm de chuva. Na parcela sem cobertura vegetal, o total de escoamento superficial foi de 297,16L m-2, enquanto na parcela com os geotêxteis com gramíneas foi de 123,92L m-2, ou seja, mais da metade do total de escoamento da parcela sem proteção. Em termos da produção de sedimentos, a diferença foi ainda mais significativa; na parcela sem proteção dos geotêxteis, o total de solo erodido foi de 19.778,13g m-2, enquanto na outra parcela, o total foi de apenas 1.317,92g m-2. Esses resultados mostram que os geotêxteis construídos com fibra de Buriti podem ser bem eficientes no controle da erosão

CRITERIOS PARA LA EVALUACIÓN DE SUPERFICIES MULTITÁCTILES Y SUS APLICACIONES

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YENNY A. MÉNDEZ

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Las superficies multitáctiles son tecnologías que empiezan a tener un elevado uso. Se toman como referentes aspectos utilizados para la evaluación de usabilidad de sistemas interactivos, así como las característicasque los investigadores y desarrolladores sugieren que deberían tener las superficies multitáctiles y las aplicaciones desarrolladas. Se presenta una propuesta inicial de criterios que deberían tenerse en cuenta para incluir  aspectos de ergonomía, usabilidad y colaboración en el momento de realizar evaluaciones para estas tecnologías. Se ilustra cómo se pueden aplicar los criterios propuestos a través de un caso de estudio que cuenta con resultados promisorios.

Institutional reflection essay: Executive branch action towards national security/Ensayo de reflexión institucional: Acción ejecutiva hacia la seguridad nacional

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Norelia Lassalle Cortina (Estados Unidos de América

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Este ensayo de reflexión institucional fue desarrollado con la finalidad de discutir diferentes aspectos de las instituciones políticas americanas, incluyendo sus impactos e influencias, entre el desarrollo de las políticas públicas en los Estados Unidos. Por lo tanto, este artículo incorpora el punto de vista y argumentos de la rama ejecutiva de los Estados Unidos y la seguridad nacional, basado en pares revisión el análisis en el campo de la política pública y justicia penal. El ensayo cubrirá los aspectos de los asuntos de seguridad nacional de acción y cómo las políticas se pueden volver a dirigir hacia el incremento de la seguridad de nuestra nación. Logro final de este documento será demostrar la importancia de crear políticas y cómo cada institución política estadounidense tiene una función crucial entre el proceso de elaboración de políticas públicas.

Ejercicio y depresión en mujeres embarazadas con sobrepeso y obesidad: ensayo clínico aleatorio

OpenAIRE

Perales, María; Cordero, Y.; Vargas, M.; Lucía Mulas, Alejandro; Barakat, Rubén

2015-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la eficacia de un programa de ejercicio físico regular en la prevención de la depresión en mujeres gestantes con sobrepeso y obesidad. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un ensayo clínico aleatorio en el Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada en Madrid. Un total de 106 mujeres gestantes sanas con sobrepeso y obesidad (32,70±3,90 años), sin complicaciones y con gestación simple fueron analizadas (52 en el grupo de ejercicio (GE) y 54 en el grupo de contro...

Reactogenicidad de la vacuna cubana trivalente contra la leptospirosis humana en un ensayo clínico de fase II

OpenAIRE

Raydel Martínez,; Alberto Pérez; Alberto Baly; Morelia Baró; Reynaldo Menéndez; Aroldo Ruíz; Amelia Urbino López; Manuel Díaz; Marlene Armesto

2001-01-01

Con el objetivo de evaluar la reactogenicidad de la vacuna cubana trivalente contra la leptospirosis humana (vax- SPIRAL) en grupos de voluntarios sanos utilizando diferentes dosis, se realizó un ensayo clínico controlado, aleatorio y a doble ciego. Los voluntarios fueron distribuidos en dos grupos (vacunados y placebos) para evaluar las reacciones adversas en diferentes concentraciones de dosis (0,25 y 0,5 mL). Los síntomas y signos locales evaluados fueron: dolor, rubor, infiltración local,...

Contribuciones al preprocesado, procesado y análisis en termografía infrarroja aplicados a ensayos no destructivos

OpenAIRE

Hidalgo-Gato García, Rafael

2015-01-01

RESUMEN: El empleo de las técnicas de medida mediante ensayos no destructivos por Termografía Infrarroja (TI) permite la evaluación y control de todo tipo de materiales y procesos de forma rápida, sencilla y sin contacto. Por ello, se estableció como objetivo general de este trabajo de tesis el desarrollo de contribuciones al conocimiento de las diferentes etapas del tratamiento digital de los termogramas, así como su aplicación a problemáticas reales y solución a las carencias detectadas. Es...

Caracterización superficial en fase gas y líquida de carbones activados

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Liliana Giraldo Gutierréz

2008-05-01

Full Text Available Se determinó el área superficial de carbones activados obtenidos a partir de cascarilla de café y cáscara de coco, mediante isotermas de adsorción de N2 a 77K. Se compararon los resultados con aquellos obtenidos con un método comúnmente utilizado, el índice de azul de metileno, y se encontró una buena correlación entre las dos áreas determinadas por éste método. Se muestra que los dos métodos permiten realizar un análisis complementario de una superficie porosa./ The superficial area of an activated carbon obtained from coffee husk and coconut shell was determined, by means of isotherms of adsorption of N2 to 77K and the results they area compared with the method of index blue of methylene, finding an good correlation between the two areas determined by this method. This research shows that both methods allow making a complementary analysis of a porous surface.

Cobertura radicular mediante la utilización de un injerto subepitelial de tejido conectivo combinado con un colgajo pediculado avanzado coronalmente

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Antonio Díaz Caballero

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Las recesiones gingivales son un hallazgo clínico muy frecuente que ocasionan problemas estéticos, hipersensibilidad dentaria y dificultad para llevar a cabo una correcta higiene oral en los pacientes. Uno de los objetivos de la terapia periodontal es corregir quirúrgicamente las recesiones; se han descrito una variedad de enfoques quirúrgicos como métodos efectivos para cubrir las superficies radiculares expuestas, siendo el injerto libre de tejido conectivo una de las técnicas que hoy en día ofrece un buen porcentaje de éxito y predecibilidad. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con retracción del margen gingival en el maxilar superior derecho; se describe el procedimiento quirúrgico usando una técnica bilaminar empleando un injerto subepitelial de tejido conectivo bajo un colgajo de espesor parcial posicionado coronalmente, y se obtienen buenos resultados estéticos y cobertura radicular.

Superficial biopsy of the cervix: new technique

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Ettore De Girolami

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Cytological examination of the cervix in all patients is considered a necessity. A new technique of superficial biopsy is described and advantages en. numeratedEl Autor presenta una nueva técnica para biopsia superficial, considerando la necesidad de hacer rutinariamente a todas las pacientes el examen citológico del cérvix. La muestra se toma con el extremo de un aplicador cubierto de gaza. Este dispositivo, humedecido previamente en una solución de etanol, metanol y éter etílico, se aplica inmediatamente al cérvix del útero y, dándole un movimiento como el de las manecillas del reloj, se toma la muestra con la que se hacen frotis por aposición que se colorean por el método de Giemsa. Esta técnica ofrece la ventaja de que el tejido en estudio se adhiere perfectamente a la gaza, la cual, con el movimiento de rotación, desprende las células del "os uteri", las que son fijadas al mismo tiempo. La preparación del dispositivo es sumamente sencilla. La prueba resulta de bajo costo como de breve y fácil realizaciónL' Autore prende in considerazione l'utilitá dell' esame citologico del collo dell'utero, fatto rutinariamente a tutte le pazienti. Si descrive una nuova tecnica di biopsia superficiale che oltfe ad offrire dei vantaggi é di poca spesa e si puó eseguire con facilitá ed in breve tempo

Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system due to brachial plexus injury: a case report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Setogutti, Enio Tadashi; Cassuriaga, Jefferson; Valduga, Simone Gianella; Lorenzzoni, Pablo Longhi; Severgnini, Giancarlo Muraro; Feldman, Carlos Jader

2005-01-01

Superficial siderosis can be caused by hemosiderin deposition o the leptomeninges and subpial layers of the neuro-axis due to recurrent subarachnoid haemorrhage. Probable intrathecal bleeding sites must be investigated. In ut t 50% of the patients the bleeding source may be identified and the progression of the disease can be interrupted. In this study, the authors present a case of superficial siderosis of the central nervous system developed two decades after a traumatic lesion of the brachial plexus.(author)

Superficial shell insulation in resting and exercising men in cold water.

Science.gov (United States)

Veicsteinas, A; Ferretti, G; Rennie, D W

1982-06-01

From measurements of subcutaneous fat temperature (Tsf) at known depths below the surface, skin surface temperature (Tsk), and direct skin heat flux (H), the superficial shell isulation (Iss) of the thigh (fat + skin) was calculated as Iss (degrees C.m2.w-1) = (Tsf - Tsk)/H in nine male subjects immersed head out in a well-stirred water bath. Also, at critical water temperature (CWT = 28-33 degrees C), eight of the subjects rested for 3 h, enabling overall maximal tissue insulation (It,max) to be calculated as It,max (degrees C.m2.W-1) = (Tre - Tw)/(0.92 M +/- delta S), where Tre is rectal temperature, Tw is water temperature, M is metabolic rate, and s is loss or gain of body heat. Five subjects performed up to 2 h of mild leg cycling, preceded and followed by 60 min of rest, and both thigh Iss and overall It were measured during exercise. Iss increased from minimal values in Tw greater than 33 degrees C to maximal values (Iss,max) at CWT or below. Iss,max was linearly related to tissue thickness (d) in millimeters of fat plus skin, Iss,max (degrees C.m2.W-1) = 0.0048d-0.0052; r = 0.95, n = 37, and was not influenced by leg exercise up to a metabolic rate of 150 W.m-2 in CWT despite large increases in Tsf and H and large decreases in overall It. The slope of Iss,max vs. depth, 0.0048 degrees C.m2.W-1.mm-1, is almost identical to thermal resistivity of fat in vitro, suggesting that the superficial shell is unperfused in CWT at rest or during mild exercise. When maximal superficial shell insulation (It,ss,max) for the whole body was calculated with allowance for differing fat thicknesses and surface areas of body regions, it could account for only 10-15% of overall It,max at rest and 35-40% of overall It in mild exercise. We suggest that the poorly perfused muscle shell plays a more important role as a defense against cooling at CWT than does the superficial shell (fat + skin), particularly at rest.

"A Tale of Two Planes": Deep Versus Superficial Serratus Plane Block for Postmastectomy Pain Syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Piracha, Mohammad M; Thorp, Stephen L; Puttanniah, Vinay; Gulati, Amitabh

Postmastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) is a significant burden for breast cancer survivors. Although multiple therapies have been described, an evolving field of serratus anterior plane blocks has been described in this population. We describe the addition of the deep serratus anterior plane block (DSPB) for PMPS. Four patients with history of PMPS underwent DSPB for anterior chest wall pain. A retrospective review of these patients' outcomes was obtained through postprocedure interviews. Three of the patients previously had a superficial serratus anterior plane block, which was not as efficacious as the DSPB. The fourth patient had a superficial serratus anterior plane that was difficult to separate with hydrodissection but had improved pain control with a DSPB. We illustrate 4 patients who have benefitted from a DSPB and describe indications that this block may be more efficacious than a superficial serratus plane block. Further study is recommended to understand the intercostal nerve branches within the lateral and anterior muscular chest wall planes.

Principios jurídicos en materia de ensayos clínicos en el derecho internacional

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Gustavo Merino GÓMEZ

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Sin perjuicio de que resulte indispensable para producir avances en el campo de la medicina, la investigación científica para el hallazgo de nuevos fármacos, tratamientos o terapias cuando implica experimentación en seres humanos ha sido tradicionalmente fuente de cuestionamientos éticos. En atención al incremento de ensayos clínicos y a la dimensión universal de los principios éticos comprometidos, desde comienzos del siglo XX las Organizaciones Internacionales han aprobado normas relativas a los principios jurídicos que deben informar su práctica. El presente trabajo pretende identificar los textos más relevantes, analizar sus postulados y ofrecer una visión global del régimen...

Feline superficial pyoderma: a retrospective study of 52 cases (2001-2011).

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Hui W; Vogelnest, Linda J

2012-10-01

Superficial pyoderma is traditionally considered rare in cats but may be more prevalent than previously reported. To better characterize superficial pyoderma in cats. Fifty-two cats from a dermatology referral population over a 10 year period. This study was retrospective. Cases were included if neutrophils and intracellular bacteria were reported from surface cytology of skin lesions. Medical records were reviewed for signalment, historical and clinical data, cytology results, primary skin diagnoses and treatment details. Disease prevalence was 20%, with no breed or sex predispositions. The estimated median age of onset was 2 years, affecting 54% of cats by 3 years and 23% after 9 years. Fewer cases presented during winter (15%) compared with other seasons. Skin lesions were typically multifocal, affecting the face (62%), neck (37%), limbs (33%) and ventral abdomen (29%) most commonly. Crusting (83%), alopecia (67%), ulceration/erosion (54%) and erythema (46%) were common lesion types. Pruritus was reported in 92% of cats. Underlying hypersensitivities (confirmed in 60%; suspected in 19%), and atopic dermatitis specifically (confirmed in 48%), were the most frequent primary dermatoses. Cats were treated with a variety of systemic and/or topical antimicrobials. The overall apparent response was considered good in 61% and poor in 27% of cats. Recurrence was confirmed or suspected in 42% of cats. Feline superficial pyoderma was more prevalent in this study population than previously reported. Young cats with hypersensitivities and older cats were more commonly affected, and a variety of lesion types and distributions occurred. © 2012 The Authors. Veterinary Dermatology © 2012 ESVD and ACVD.

Emotional words can be embodied or disembodied: the role of superficial vs. deep types of processing

OpenAIRE

Abbassi, Ensie; Blanchette, Isabelle; Ansaldo, Ana I.; Ghassemzadeh, Habib; Joanette, Yves

2015-01-01

Emotional words are processed rapidly and automatically in the left hemisphere (LH) and slowly, with the involvement of attention, in the right hemisphere (RH). This review aims to find the reason for this difference and suggests that emotional words can be processed superficially or deeply due to the involvement of the linguistic and imagery systems, respectively. During superficial processing, emotional words likely make connections only with semantically associated words in the LH. This pa...

Do similar factors control the glomerular filtration rate of superficial and juxtamedullary nephrons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rouffignac, C. de

1975-01-01

The SNGFR intrarenal distribution was studied under conditions where the whole kidney GFR remains unchanged and then where it is altered as compared to the normal non diuretic state. Only data obtained from experiments in which the SNGFR of both superficial and juxtamedullary nephrons were measured with the same techniques were reported. The superficial over juxtamedullary SNGFR ratio appears to be relatively stable and independent of physiological conditions. Nevertheless, in cases which indicate changes in the SNGFR intrarenal distribution, these changes remain always of limited magnitude. Thus it seems possible to conclude, that the SNGFR is controlled by factors that act, at least qualitatively, in the same manner in the whole nephron population [fr

Diagnóstico y acciones para la acreditación del laboratorio de ensayo de la Refinería Sergio Soto.

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Senia Figueroa García

2016-04-01

Full Text Available La necesidad de resultados confiables en el laboratorio de ensayos de la empresa Refinería de Petróleo de Cabaiguán y la importancia de sus producciones como portadores energéticos utilizados fundamentalmente en el transporte automotor y la generación de energía eléctrica, constituyen las premisas de este trabajo, que propone un diagnóstico de la situación actual del laboratorio para enfrentar la acreditación. Se identifican las principales causas que influyen en este proceso, se utilizan herramientas básicas de la calidad; se destaca la tormenta de ideas, el Diagrama Causa-Efecto y de Pareto. El resultado muestra la necesidad de enfocar los esfuerzos en resolver los problemas relacionados con las causas de la categoría Equipos: falta de equipos y piezas de repuesto, equipos obsoletos y mantenimiento preventivo; también se destaca lo relativo a las causas de la categoría Métodos: falta de un Programa de Auditorías Internas, y de procedimientos documentados que aseguran la calidad de sus resultados. Se tomaron un grupo de acciones que contribuyen a resolver las dificultades detectadas, con vistas a solicitar la acreditación del laboratorio de ensayos a las autoridades competentes.

Effects of superficial gas velocity and fluid property on the ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

In the present study, the influence of superficial gas velocity and fluid properties on gas holdup and liquid circulation velocity in a three-phase external loop airlift column using polystyrene (0.0036 m diameter and 1025.55 kg/m3 density) and nylon-6 (0.0035 m diameter and 1084.24 kg/m3 density) particles with aqueous ...

Masaje circulatorio superficial en la enfermedad arterial periférica

OpenAIRE

Cebrià Iranzo, M. Àngels

2010-01-01

En la enfermedad arterial periférica crónica se indica el masaje circulatorio superficial por producir una vasodilatación refleja en las zonas afectadas. Este masaje manual tiene dos objetivos fundamentales: 1) Favorecer la vasodilatación refleja e hiperemia local; 2) Drenar el retorno vascular sanguíneo y linfático.

Efficacy and safety of superficial cryotherapy for alopecia areata: A retrospective, comprehensive review of 353 cases over 22 years.

Science.gov (United States)

Jun, Myungsoo; Lee, Noo Ri; Lee, Won-Soo

2017-04-01

Alopecia areata (AA) affects anagen hair follicles, resulting in non-scarring hair loss. Since introduced by Huang et al., superficial cryotherapy has been accepted as a considerable primary therapeutic modality for AA. The aim of this study was to objectively clarify the therapeutic efficacy and safety of superficial hypothermic cryotherapy for treatment of AA. Medical records of 353 patients from 1993 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the response to the superficial cryotherapy, patients were categorized into four groups: "marked", "partial", "poor" and "no recovery". The marked and partial recovery groups were considered as responders. The proportions of the responders among patient subgroups which were defined by various patients, disease, and treatment factors were compared. Of the patients, 60.9% were classified as responders after 3 months of superficial hypothermic cryotherapy. The proportion of the responders were higher when the treatment interval was 2 weeks or less and in the incipient disease stage, with statistical significance. No severe side-effects other than mild pain and pruritus were reported. In conclusion, superficial cryotherapy is an effective and safe therapeutic modality for AA. Especially when the treatment interval is 2 weeks or less and in the first occurrence of the disease, the therapeutic outcome is superior. © 2016 Japanese Dermatological Association.

Fissure sealants: in vitro evaluation of abrasion wear and superficial roughness

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Vanessa Pardi

2008-06-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro wear and superficial roughness of four materials (Delton Dyract Flow, Dentsply; Filtek Flow, Vitremer, 3M ESPE used as fissure sealant in 32 extracted human molars divided in four groups (n = 8 after abrasion with toothbrush/dentifrice. Impressions of each occlusal surface were made to analyze wear and circular specimens were prepared to analyze the roughness. Teeth and specimens were mounted in a toothbrushing machine. The replicas were observed using a SEM to determine the superficial wear. Wear: there were no statistically significant differences either between Delton and Filtek Flow or between Dyract Flow and Vitremer. Roughness: there were no statistical differences between Filtek Flow and Dyract Flow, Dyract Flow and Vitremer, Vitremer and Delton., Considering the clinical practice, if caries activity is present the use of Vitremer is suggested not only for its well known fluoride release, but it presented good roughness results.

El control de calidad en las obras de carretera. Nuevas tendencias sobre los ensayos y su organización

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Llamazares Gómez, Olegario

1969-02-01

Full Text Available The quality control in road works is a subject that is being very much studied at present owing to the large volume of work involved in the construction of motor roads. There is need to revise the traditional methods of testing and of interpreting these tests. The modern rate of work requires a quick and continuous control of the work; in addition, statistical analysis should be applied to the results to avoid subjective interpretations and Ijetter meet the contract requirements. The present author discusses these problems in a clear manner, and also gives information on the control organisation in Spain and on frequency and cost of these tests.El control de calidad en las obras de carretera es un tema de actualidad, ya que los grandes volúmenes que exigen las autopistas requieren una revisión de los métodos de ensayo clásicos y de los criterios de interpretación. El ritmo de obra exige un control rápido y continuo, al mismo tiempo que la aplicación del análisis estadístico a los resultados puede evitar criterios subjetivos y permitir una mejor definición de las prescripciones técnicas contractuales. Tan interesantes temas son expuestos con claridad por el autor, que informa también de la organización del control en España y de la frecuencia y coste de los ensayos.

ENSAYO: ESPACIOS DE DIÁLOGO ALREDEDOR DE LA FORMACIÓN DEL PROFESORADO EN LA UNIVERSIDAD DE CARTAGENA

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Dora Piñeres De la Ossa

2006-08-01

Full Text Available Este Ensayo da cuenta de la experiencia de la Universidad de Cartagena en los procesosde formación del profesorado y como hoy, la pertenencia a proyectos en red como elSUE Caribe, ha consolidado una comunidadad académica investigativa de lasUniversidades Estatales del Caribe Colombiano que posibilita la generación de procesosde integración y sinergias investigativas y de conocimientos evidenciando desde ya,transformaciones de las practicas en el campo de la cultura, la ciencia y la tecnologíay en las practicas de los docentes y su gestión por la calidad de las instituciones.

Risk Factors and Clinical Evaluation of Superficial Femoral Artery Stent Fracture: Prote'ge'GPS Stent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Da Un; Kim, Jae Kyu; Jung, Hye Doo; Huh, Tae Wook; Yim, Nam Yeol; Oh, Hyun jun; Choi, Soo Jin Na; Chang, Nam Kyu

2010-01-01

To evaluate the occurrence of superficial femoral artery stent fractures, the risk factors of stent fracture, and the relationship between fractures and clinical findings. Of the 38 patients who underwent treatment with Prote'ge'GPS stenting due to arterial occlusions on the superficial femoral artery, 17 also underwent a clinical analysis. Forty-three stents were inserted in the 17 superficial femoral arteries, ranging between 15 and 50 cm in length, with a mean treated length of 26.4 cm (15-50 cm). A fracture was evaluated by taking a PA and lateral simple radiography, as well as a follow-up evaluation accompanied with a CT angiography, DSA, and a color Doppler sonography. The examination involved the assessment of the difference between bone fractures due to length, placement, and frequency. Fractures occurred in 13 of 43 stents (30.2%). A total of 10 (71.4%) occurred in the upper third, compared to 4 (28.6%) in the lower third of the superficial femoral artery. In addition, 10 stents (71.4%) had a single strut fracture, whereas 4 (28.6%) had multiple strut fractures. A stent fracture occurred more frequently when the stents and lesions were longer (p=0.021, 0.012) and the stents were inserted near the joint. However, there was no significant relationship between stent numbers and the fractures (p=0.126). When the stents were inserted along the popliteal artery, a stent fracture occurred more frequently in the lower third of the artery. The stent fractures did not significantly influence the patency rate of the stented artery (p=0.44) Prote'ge'GPS stents in the superficial femoral artery revealed a considerable number of fractures and the fracture frequency showed a significant relationship with the length of stents and lesions. The closer stent insertion was to the joints, the more frequently fractures occurred. There were no evident significant relationships between the presence of stent fractures and the patency of the stented arteries

Thermographic Imaging of the Superficial Temperature in Racing Greyhounds before and after the Race

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Mari Vainionpää

2012-01-01

Full Text Available A total of 47 racing greyhounds were enrolled in this study on two race days (in July and September, resp. at a racetrack. Twelve of the dogs participated in the study on both days. Thermographic images were taken before and after each race. From the images, superficial temperature points of selected sites (tendo calcaneus, musculus gastrocnemius, musculus gracilis, and musculus biceps femoris portio caudalis were taken and used to investigate the differences in superficial temperatures before and after the race. The thermographic images were compared between the right and left legs of a dog, between the raced distances, and between the two race days. The theoretical heat capacity of a racing greyhound was calculated. With regard to all distances raced, the superficial temperatures measured from the musculus gastrocnemius were significantly higher after the race than at baseline. No significant differences were found between the left and right legs of a dog after completing any of the distances. Significant difference was found between the two race days. The heat loss mechanisms of racing greyhounds during the race through forced conduction, radiation, evaporation, and panting can be considered adequate when observing the calculated heat capacity of the dogs.

Thermographic imaging of the superficial temperature in racing greyhounds before and after the race.

Science.gov (United States)

Vainionpää, Mari; Tienhaara, Esa-Pekka; Raekallio, Marja; Junnila, Jouni; Snellman, Marjatta; Vainio, Outi

2012-01-01

A total of 47 racing greyhounds were enrolled in this study on two race days (in July and September, resp.) at a racetrack. Twelve of the dogs participated in the study on both days. Thermographic images were taken before and after each race. From the images, superficial temperature points of selected sites (tendo calcaneus, musculus gastrocnemius, musculus gracilis, and musculus biceps femoris portio caudalis) were taken and used to investigate the differences in superficial temperatures before and after the race. The thermographic images were compared between the right and left legs of a dog, between the raced distances, and between the two race days. The theoretical heat capacity of a racing greyhound was calculated. With regard to all distances raced, the superficial temperatures measured from the musculus gastrocnemius were significantly higher after the race than at baseline. No significant differences were found between the left and right legs of a dog after completing any of the distances. Significant difference was found between the two race days. The heat loss mechanisms of racing greyhounds during the race through forced conduction, radiation, evaporation, and panting can be considered adequate when observing the calculated heat capacity of the dogs.

Tolerance and safety of superficial chemical peeling with salicylic acid in various facial dermatoses

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Iqbal Zafar

2005-03-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Chemical peeling is a skin-wounding procedure that may have some potentially undesirable side-effects. AIMS: The present study is directed towards safety concerns associated with superficial chemical peeling with salicylic acid in various facial dermatoses. METHODS: The study was a non-comparative and a prospective one. Two hundred and sixty-eight patients of either sex, aged between 10 to 60 years, undergoing superficial chemical peeling for various facial dermatoses (melasma, acne vulgaris, freckles, post-inflammatory scars/pigmentation, actinic keratoses, plane facial warts, etc. were included in the study. Eight weekly peeling sessions were carried out in each patient. Tolerance to the procedure and any undesirable effects noted during these sessions were recorded. RESULTS: Almost all the patients tolerated the procedure well. Mild discomfort, burning, irritation and erythema were quite common but the incidence of major side-effects was very low and these too, were easily manageable. There was no significant difference in the incidence of side-effects between facial dermatoses (melasma, acne and other pigmentary disorders. CONCLUSION: Chemical peeling with salicylic acid is a well tolerated and safe treatment modality in many superficial facial dermatoses.

Modificación superficial de aceros y hierros fundidos mediante láser de Nd: YAG. // Steels and cast irons superficial modification by means of laser Nd: YAG.

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R. Sagaró Z.

2001-10-01

Full Text Available Se presentan los resultados de los autores en el tratamiento térmico superficial con técnica láser (TTSL. Con el empleo deun láser de Nd: YAG se procedió al endurecimiento superficial de los aceros AISI 1045, W1, W112 y hierros fundidos detipo laminar y nodular. Los autores prestan atención a las rutas de endurecimiento superficial atendiendo a los parámetrosoperacionales del láser: potencia incidente en la zona de interacción (P y la velocidad de barrido del haz de láser (V. Deigual forma se establecen valoraciones acerca de las estructuras metalográficas obtenidas. En todos los casos se reportanvalores de microdureza Vickers que oscilan entre los 500-900 HV (incrementos de 3-4 veces respecto al substratooriginal. Los resultados obtenidos permiten establecer en todos los casos experimentados que el incremento de lavelocidad de barrido provocó una disminución de la profundidad de la capa endurecida. Las experiencias del TTSL en losaceros ensayados muestran una tendencia a la disminución de la profundidad del endurecimiento con el incremento delcontenido de carbono.Palabras claves: Endurecimiento superficial, parámetros de operación de láser., microdureza, profundidadde capa endurecida, de fallo, vibraciones.____________________________________________________________________________AbstractThis paper expose the experiences of researchers on the laser surface heat treatment. The hardening of AISI 1045, W1,W112 steels and cast irons flake and nodular was carried out by using a Nd: YAG laser. Operation parameters of laser, likebeam power (P and traverse speed of the laser spot (V are closely with hardening depth . Authors present some analysesabout metallographic studies. In all cases are reported Vickers microhardness about 500-900 HV (three or four times higherthan original substrates. Relations between microhardness and depth of hardening are presented for the processedmaterials. Experimental results showed that the increased

Ensayos clínicos cubanos publicados en revistas de impacto internacional: estudio bibliométrico del período 1991-2001

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Araujo Ruiz, Juan Antonio

2002-09-01

Full Text Available The aim of this work is to assess the scope of the clinical research performed by Cuban scientific institutions. A retrospective search about clinical trials published by journals indexed in MEDLINE and Science Citation Index was carried out, and 172 references to works published with the participation of Cuban research centers were retrieved. A group of 653 Cuban and 175 foreign authors were identified. The average of authors by article was 7,16, and the most common author groups were made up of more than six specialists. A total of 82 clinical trials were the result of collaborations between scientific institutions; 83 research centers took part in the trials, 36 of them from others countries. The reports about the 172 clinical trials were published in 96 journals from 17 countries, and the 74,4 % of the articles were written in English. Sixty-three therapeutic roducts, technics and procedures were tested in different types of patients, and 41 disorders were treated. Human adults, with a relative balance between women and men, were the subjects most frequently studied. The bibliometric study made possible to confirm the cuban advances as regards to the clinical trials execution for the authentication of products reached by the medical©pharmaceutical industry, as well as to define the research centers in the vanguard regarding this subject.

Con el objetivo de evaluar el alcance de los estudios de investigación clínica generados por las instituciones científicas cubanas, se realizó una búsqueda retrospectiva de los ensayos clínicos publicados en revistas indizadas por las bases de datos MEDLINE y Science Citation Index, y se recuperaron 172 referencias de trabajos publicados con la anuencia de centros de investigación del país. Se identificaron un total de 653 autores de origen cubano y 175 extranjeros. El promedio de autores por artículo fue de 7,16, y los colectivos de autores más comunes estuvieron integrados por más de

The defence architecture of the superficial cells of the oral mucosa

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Asikainen, P.; Ruotsalainen, T.J.; Mikkonen, J.J.W.; Koistinen, A.; ten Bruggenkate, C.M.; Kullaa, A.M.

2012-01-01

The oral epithelium together with the saliva and its components forms a complex structure which is the first line of defence in the oral cavity. The surface of superficial cells of the oral epithelium contains ridge-like folds, microplicae (MPL), which are typical of the surfaces of areas covered

Una reseña de ensayos de carga no destructivos usados para la evaluación de puentes

OpenAIRE

Jáuregui, David

2001-01-01

El objetivo principal de este artículo es de proveer un breve repaso de la actividad relacionada con la evaluación experimental de los puentes en los Estados Unidos. Los dos métodos de evaluación de carga aplicados por AASHTO (La Asociación Americana de Oficiales de Carreteras Estatales y Transporte) son presentados incluyendo el esfuerzo permisible (AS) y el factor de carga (LF). Además, son discutidos los detalles básicos de los dos tipos de ensayos de carga más comunes para la evaluación d...

El Estado autonómico treinta años después: ensayo de una valoración

OpenAIRE

Tudela Aranda, José

2009-01-01

En los últimos años el debate sobre la organización territorial del Estado ha recobrado impulso y es hoy uno de los primeros, sino el primero, retos que tiene que afrontar nuestro modelo constitucional. El presente no puede comprenderse si no se recuerda el origen y evolución del modelo constitucional. Estas páginas pretenden recordar las premisas políticas, ideológicas y jurídicas de esa evolución para desde las mismas realizar un ensayo de valoración lo que para el modelo en su co...

Recent advances in high-throughput molecular marker identification for superficial and invasive bladder cancers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Lars Dyrskjøt; Zieger, Karsten; Ørntoft, Torben Falck

2007-01-01

individually contributed to the management of the disease. However, the development of high-throughput techniques for simultaneous assessment of a large number of markers has allowed classification of tumors into clinically relevant molecular subgroups beyond those possible by pathological classification. Here......Bladder cancer is the fifth most common neoplasm in industrialized countries. Due to frequent recurrences of the superficial form of this disease, bladder cancer ranks as one of the most common cancers. Despite the description of a large number of tumor markers for bladder cancers, none have......, we review the recent advances in high-throughput molecular marker identification for superficial and invasive bladder cancers....

Subintimal angioplasty for the treatment of long segment occlusion of superficial femoral artery: the midterm results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lou Wensheng; Gu Jianping; He Xu; Chen Liang; Chen Guoping; Su Haobo; Song Jinhua; Wang Tao; Xu Ke

2011-01-01

Objective: To discuss the clinical value of subintimal angioplasty in treating long segment occlusion of superficial femoral artery and to observe its midterm results. Methods: Subintimal angioplasty was performed in 45 patients with long segment occlusion of superficial femoral artery, whose clinical presentation was intermittent claudication or critical limb ischemia. The primary patency, limb salvage and factors influencing long-term patency were observed, and the clinical data were analyzed. Results: Of the total 45 cases, the subintimal angioplasty was successfully accomplished in 43. The success rate of antegrade approach technique via the superficial femoral artery was 80% (n=36), the occlusion was recanalized by using retrograde approach technique via ipsilateral popliteal artery in 7 case. The total technical success rate was 95.6%. The primary patency in 43 successful cases at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months was 85.7%, 69.0% 57.3% and 50.9%, respectively. No statistically significant difference in primary patency existed between the group of intermittent claudication and the group of critical limb ischemia (P>0.05). Statistically significant prediction factors for primary patency included the number of the run off vessels below the knee and the length of the occlusion (P<0.05). Conclusion: Subintimal angioplasty is an effective procedure for the treatment of long segment occlusions of superficial femoral artery with satisfactory mid-term results. (authors)

Superficial Vein Thrombophlebitis in a Football Athlete.

Science.gov (United States)

Schleich, Kevin T; Smoot, M Kyle

2016-03-01

A 22-year-old professional football player presented to a preparticipation physical examination with a 2-week history of left leg discomfort extending from the groin to the knee over the previous 2 weeks. He was found to have superficial vein thrombophlebitis (SVT) of the left great saphenous vein extending from the knee to within approximately 1.6 cm of the saphenofemoral junction. There is paucity in the literature regarding the management of SVT, particularly in actively training athletes. This case addresses the considerations of anticoagulation management for SVT as well as the unique challenge of managing anticoagulation therapy in an athlete that is actively training.

EL ENSAYO ARGENTINO COMO POLÍTICA CULTURAL Y REMEMORACIÓN CRÍTICA DE LA MODERNIDAD / THE ARGENTINE ESSAY AS CULTURAL POLICY AND CRITICAL REMINISCENCE OF MODERNITY

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Mariano Yedro

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Este texto busca dar cuenta de algunas ideas en torno al ensayo el caso particular de Nicolás Casullo, figura intelectual relevante del ensayismo del medio cultural argentino en las últimas décadas. Particularmente en su método de rememoración, esto es la crítica esbozada contra lógicas neoliberales apelando a saberes de la historia moderna. El texto tiene tres partes: la primera aborda, sucintamente, algunas ideas sobre el ensayo que aparecen en el medio intelectual argentino en el siglo XX. La segunda atiende al género del ensayo en la perspectiva de Casullo. Finalmente, tomando la figura del autor nos centraremos en su crítica al neoliberalismo desde la rememoración de la historia moderna. / This paper explores some ideas about the essay seen as cultural policy of resistance and transformation that in the Argentine intellectual scene operated in the form of criticism towards certain logics unfolded during the years of neoliberalism. We focus on the particular case of Nicolás Casullo, a relevant intellectual figure of essayism in the Argentine cultural scenario in the last decades. Particularly, in his method of reminiscence there is a criticism against neoliberal logics referring to instances of knowledge from modern history. The article is organized into three parts: the first one examines some ideas on the essay in the Argentine intellectual scene in the Twentieth Century. The second one deals with the genre of the essay from the perspective of Casullo. Finally, taking the figure of the author into account we concentrate on his critique towards neoliberalism from the reminiscence of modern history.

Características de los ensayos clínicos autorizados en el Perú, 1995-2012 Characteristics of clinical trials authorized in Peru: 1995-2012

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Gabriela Minaya

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivos. Describir las principales características de los ensayos clínicos (EC autorizados en el Perú desde 1995 a agosto de 2012. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal, en el que se revisaron todos los expedientes de protocolos de EC presentados para su evaluación y posible aprobación al INS, cuyos datos forman parte del Registro Peruano de EC. Se realizó el análisis descriptivo de los estados de aprobación de los EC, fase de estudio, especialidad, y otras características afines a ellos. Resultados. Se encontraron 1475 EC, de los cuales 1255 (85,1% fueron autorizados. De un EC registrado el año 1995 se incrementó a 176 ensayos presentados en el 2008, disminuyendo en el 2011 a 128 ensayos. Entre los EC aprobados, el 64,1% corresponden a EC en fase III. Oncología (22,4%, Infectología (15,5% y Endocrinología (12,7% fueron las especialidades más estudiadas y solo el 1.19%, corresponde a enfermedades tropicales desatendidas. Los hipoglicemiantes orales, antivirales de uso sistémico y antineoplásico fueron los medicamentos más estudiados. La industria farmacéutica transnacional fue el principal patrocinador (87,1% y ejecutor de ensayos clínicos (62,3% los cuales se realizan mayormente en Lima. Conclusiones. Los ensayos clínicos que se realizan en el país son principalmente en enfermedades no transmisibles y son estudios en fase III. La industria farmacéutica constituye el principal patrocinador. Solo el 1.2%, corresponde a enfermedades tropicales desatendidas, lo cual muestra la poca atención a los problemas de salud de poblaciones en situaciones de vulnerabilidad.Objective. To identify main characteristics of clinical trials (CT authorized by the National Institute of Health (INS of Peru from 1995 to August 2012. Material and methods. Cross-sectional study, which reviewed all records of CT submitted for review and possible approval by INS, whose data are part of the Peruvian Registry of Clinical Trials

El agrietamiento superficial de las pastas puras de cemento: una interpretación

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Calleja, J.

1964-12-01

Full Text Available Not availableSe aborda por métodos analíticos y técnicas de difracción de rayos X el problema de determinar las posibles causas del agrietamiento superficial de galletas de pasta pura de cemento. Se encuentran diferencias de composición y constitución entre la zona superficial agrietada de las galletas y el resto de la masa, hallándose concordancia entre determinados constituyentes químicos calculados a base del análisis químico y los resultados de difracción de rayos X. Se interpretan estas diferencias como atribuibles a una exudación de lechada de la pasta, con extracción de álcalis solubles y yeso. Como consecuencia, la exudación provoca una carbonatación, una mayor retracción y posiblemente un fraguado acelerado en la zona superficial en relación con la masa interior de las galletas. Como causa directa de la ·exudación se acepta la hipótesis de una granulometría anormal del cemento, probablemente debida a un exceso de finos o gruesos por una molienda grosera, y producida por una deficiencia de tipo mecánico en el proceso de molturación del clínker.

ESTUDO DO ESCOAMENTO SUPERFICIAL NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO IVAÍ, PARANÁ, BRASIL

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Manoel Luiz dos Santos

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Mediante a  aplicação da equação proposta por Kirby (1976,  aliada a levantamento das variáveis físicas  da bacia do Ivaí, este trabalho se propõe a analisar o comportamento do escoamento superficial nessa importante bacia hidrográfica do estado do Paraná. Para tanto, foram levantadas as variáveis precipitação média anual, precipitação média por evento, capacidade de campo dos solos e evapotranspiração. Essas variáveis foram  espacializadas e analisadas com o suporte das características geológicas, geomorfológicas, pedológicas e climáticas da bacia hidrográfica. O resultado da análise foi integrado, em ambiente digital, em um Sistema de informação Geográfica, fornecendo uma carta síntese das taxas de escoamento superficial da bacia. O resultado mostra que no curso inferior da bacia hidrográfica, região do Arenito Caiuá (Kr, ocorrem as maiores taxas de escoamento superficial da bacia. Tal fato é atestado pela agressiva erosão que sofrem os solos desenvolvidos sobre estas litologias na região Noroeste do estado do Paraná.

Superficial temporal artery flap for reconstruction of complex facial defects: A new algorithm

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Tarek M. Elbanoby

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Background A variety of island flaps can be based on the superficial temporal artery with variable tissue composition. They can be used for defect reconstruction, cavity resurfacing, facial hair restoration, or contracture release. Methods Seventy-two patients underwent facial reconstruction using a superficial temporal artery island flap from October 2010 to October 2014. The defects had various etiologies, including trauma, burns, tumors, exposed hardware, and congenital causes. We classified the patients by indication into 5 groups: cavity resurfacing, contracture release, facial hair restoration, skin coverage, and combined. The demographic data of the patients, defect characteristics, operative procedures, postoperative results, and complications were retrospectively documented. The follow-up period ranged from 24 to 54 months. Results A total of 24 females and 48 males were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 33.7±15.6 years. The flaps were used for contracture release in 13 cases, cavity resurfacing in 10 cases, skin coverage in 17 cases, facial hair restoration in 19 cases, and combined defects in 13 cases. No major complications were reported. Conclusion: Based on our experiences with the use of superficial temporal artery island flaps, we have developed a detailed approach for the optimal management of patients with composite facial defects. The aim of this article is to provide the reader with a systematic algorithm to use for such patients.

Detection of abnormalities in the superficial zone of cartilage repaired using a tissue engineered construct derived from synovial stem cells

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W Ando

2012-09-01

Full Text Available The present study investigated the surface structure and mechanical properties of repair cartilage generated from a tissue engineered construct (TEC derived from synovial mesenchymal stem cells at six months post-implantation compared to those of uninjured cartilage. TEC-mediated repair tissue was cartilaginous with Safranin O staining, and had comparable macro-scale compressive properties with uninjured cartilage. However, morphological assessments revealed that the superficial zone of TEC-mediated tissue was more fibrocartilage-like, in contrast to the middle or deep zones that were more hyaline cartilage-like with Safranin O staining. Histological scoring of the TEC-mediated tissue was significantly lower in the superficial zone than in the middle and deep zones. Scanning electron microscopy showed a thick tangential bundle of collagen fibres at the most superficial layer of uninjured cartilage, while no corresponding structure was detected at the surface of TEC-mediated tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that PRG4 was localised in the superficial area of uninjured cartilage, as well as the TEC-mediated tissue. Friction testing showed that the lubrication properties of the two tissues was similar, however, micro-indentation analysis revealed that the surface stiffness of the TEC-repair tissue was significantly lower than that of uninjured cartilage. Permeability testing indicated that the TEC-mediated tissue exhibited lower water retaining capacity than did uninjured cartilage, specifically at the superficial zone. Thus, TEC-mediated tissue exhibited compromised mechanical properties at the superficial zone, properties which need improvement in the future for maintenance of long term repair cartilage integrity.

Detection of abnormalities in the superficial zone of cartilage repaired using a tissue engineered construct derived from synovial stem cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Ando, Wataru; Fujie, Hiromichi; Moriguchi, Yu; Nansai, Ryosuke; Shimomura, Kazunori; Hart, David A; Yoshikawa, Hideki; Nakamura, Norimasa

2012-09-28

The present study investigated the surface structure and mechanical properties of repair cartilage generated from a tissue engineered construct (TEC) derived from synovial mesenchymal stem cells at six months post-implantation compared to those of uninjured cartilage. TEC-mediated repair tissue was cartilaginous with Safranin O staining, and had comparable macro-scale compressive properties with uninjured cartilage. However, morphological assessments revealed that the superficial zone of TEC-mediated tissue was more fibrocartilage-like, in contrast to the middle or deep zones that were more hyaline cartilage-like with Safranin O staining. Histological scoring of the TEC-mediated tissue was significantly lower in the superficial zone than in the middle and deep zones. Scanning electron microscopy showed a thick tangential bundle of collagen fibres at the most superficial layer of uninjured cartilage, while no corresponding structure was detected at the surface of TEC-mediated tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that PRG4 was localised in the superficial area of uninjured cartilage, as well as the TEC-mediated tissue. Friction testing showed that the lubrication properties of the two tissues was similar, however, micro-indentation analysis revealed that the surface stiffness of the TEC-repair tissue was significantly lower than that of uninjured cartilage. Permeability testing indicated that the TEC-mediated tissue exhibited lower water retaining capacity than did uninjured cartilage, specifically at the superficial zone. Thus, TEC-mediated tissue exhibited compromised mechanical properties at the superficial zone, properties which need improvement in the future for maintenance of long term repair cartilage integrity.

Secondary superficial siderosis of the central nervous system in a patient presenting with sensorineural hearing loss

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lemmerling, M.; De Praeter, G.; Mollet, P.; Mortele, K.; Kunnen, M.; Mastenbroek, G.

1998-01-01

We present a 50-year-old man who was investigated for sensorineural hearing loss. On MRI of the brain superficial siderosis of the central nervous system was seen, while MRI of the spine revealed an ependymoma of the cauda equina. This case illustrates the importance of performing T2-weighted imaging of the brain and posterior fossa when sensorineural hearing loss is present. Spine imaging is mandatory when superficial siderosis of the brain is diagnosed without identification of a bleeding source in the brain. (orig.)

H3+: superficies de energía potencial, estados y transiciones rovibracionales

Science.gov (United States)

Aguado, M. Paniagua Y. A.

Hemos calculado varias superficies globales de energía potencial para el estado fundamental y excitados del sistema H3+ en más de ocho mil geometrías diferentes usando una base (9s 3p 1d)/[4s 3p 1d] en cada átomo de Hidrógeno y mediante un método de cálculo de interacción de configuraciones completa (FCI). Hemos ajustado las superficies a formas analíticas del tipo Aguado y Paniagua con un error promedio menor de 50 cm-1 y menor en el pozo de potencial del estado fundamental. Finalmente hemos calculado y analizado los niveles vibracionales para los dos estados electrónicos más bajos, siendo la desviación respecto de los mejores valores publicados, tanto experimentales como teóricos, de unos pocos números de onda.

Validation of a high-power, time-resolved, near-infrared spectroscopy system for measurement of superficial and deep muscle deoxygenation during exercise.

Science.gov (United States)

Koga, Shunsaku; Barstow, Thomas J; Okushima, Dai; Rossiter, Harry B; Kondo, Narihiko; Ohmae, Etsuko; Poole, David C

2015-06-01

Near-infrared assessment of skeletal muscle is restricted to superficial tissues due to power limitations of spectroscopic systems. We reasoned that understanding of muscle deoxygenation may be improved by simultaneously interrogating deeper tissues. To achieve this, we modified a high-power (∼8 mW), time-resolved, near-infrared spectroscopy system to increase depth penetration. Precision was first validated using a homogenous optical phantom over a range of inter-optode spacings (OS). Coefficients of variation from 10 measurements were minimal (0.5-1.9%) for absorption (μa), reduced scattering, simulated total hemoglobin, and simulated O2 saturation. Second, a dual-layer phantom was constructed to assess depth sensitivity, and the thickness of the superficial layer was varied. With a superficial layer thickness of 1, 2, 3, and 4 cm (μa = 0.149 cm(-1)), the proportional contribution of the deep layer (μa = 0.250 cm(-1)) to total μa was 80.1, 26.9, 3.7, and 0.0%, respectively (at 6-cm OS), validating penetration to ∼3 cm. Implementation of an additional superficial phantom to simulate adipose tissue further reduced depth sensitivity. Finally, superficial and deep muscle spectroscopy was performed in six participants during heavy-intensity cycle exercise. Compared with the superficial rectus femoris, peak deoxygenation of the deep rectus femoris (including the superficial intermedius in some) was not significantly different (deoxyhemoglobin and deoxymyoglobin concentration: 81.3 ± 20.8 vs. 78.3 ± 13.6 μM, P > 0.05), but deoxygenation kinetics were significantly slower (mean response time: 37 ± 10 vs. 65 ± 9 s, P ≤ 0.05). These data validate a high-power, time-resolved, near-infrared spectroscopy system with large OS for measuring the deoxygenation of deep tissues and reveal temporal and spatial disparities in muscle deoxygenation responses to exercise. Copyright © 2015 the American Physiological Society.

Canine lacrimal and third eyelid superficial glands’ macroscopic and morphometric characteristics Aspectos macroscópicos e morfométricos das glândulas lacrimal e superficial da terceira pálpebra de cães (Canis familiares; LINNAEUS, 1758

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Vânia Pais Cabral

2005-04-01

Full Text Available The lacrimal and third eyelid superficial glands produce the aqueous component of the preocular tear film. In this research, morphologic and morphometric assessments of the parenchyma and stroma of both lacrimal glands of healthy adult mongrel dogs were performed. Both lacrimal and third eyelid glands of fourteen dogs were collected, summing fifty-six samples. The macroscopic and morphometric data were statistically analyzed, according to the glandular type (lacrimal and third eyelid superficial glands and sexual dimorphism (male or female. The lacrimal glands were significantly larger and longer than the superficial glands of the third eyelid. Expressive morphometric differences of interlobular duct, lymphocytic infiltration, interlobular vessels and secretory parenchyma between the two glandular types were encountered. The lacrimal glands from the male subjects were significantly larger than those from female ones, as well as the superficial glands of the third eyelid were thicker. The higher lymphocyte infiltration and poorer secretor parenchyma in female dogs may be one of the reasons for the higher incidence of keratoconjunctiviti sicca (KCS in such canine population.As glândulas lacrimal e superficial da terceira pálpebra atuam produzindo o componente aquoso do filme lacrimal. Nesta pesquisa, estudaram-se aspectos morfológicos e morfométricos do parênquima e do estroma de ambas as glândulas em cães mestiços, hígidos, adultos (machos ou fêmeas. As glândulas lacrimal e superficial da terceira pálpebra de 14 cães foram colhidas, totalizando 56 amostras. Foram estudadas, à estatística, as variáveis macroscópicas e morfométricas, comparando-as quanto ao tipo glandular (lacrimal e superficial da terceira pálpebra e quanto ao dimorfismo sexual (macho e fêmea. Às glândulas lacrimais foram significativamente maiores comparativamente as superficiais da terceira pálpebra. Foram evidenciados diferenças morfom

Antibody conjugate radioimmunotherapy of superficial bladder cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perkins, Alan; Hopper, Melanie; Murray, Andrea; Frier, Malcolm; Bishop, Mike

2002-01-01

The administration of antibody conjugates for cancer therapy is now proving to be of clinical value. We are currently undertaking a programme of clinical studies using the monoclonal antibody C 595 (gG3) which reacts with the MUC1 glycoprotein antigen that is aberrantly expressed in a high proportion of bladder tumours. Radio immuno conjugates of the C 595 antibody have been produced with high radiolabelling efficiency and immuno reactivity using Tc-99 m and In-111 for diagnostic imaging, and disease staging and the cytotoxic radionuclides Cu-67 and Re-188 for therapy of superficial bladder cancer. A Phase I/II therapeutic trail involving the intravesical administration of antibody directly into the bladder has now begun. (author)

Metodologia para obtenção do hidrograma de escoamento superficial em encostas e canais. Parte I: desenvolvimento e avaliação Methodology for obtention of superficial flow hydrograph in hillsides and canals. Part I: development and evaluation

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José M. A. Silva

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Desenvolveu-se uma metodologia que permite obter o hidrograma de escoamento superficial e a vazão máxima para qualquer posição ao longo de uma encosta e para seções transversais de canais utilizando o modelo de ondas cinemáticas. A área da encosta é dividida num sistema matricial composto por 100 linhas e 100 colunas. Na encosta, considera-se que o escoamento ocorre na direção da declividade e que a vazão de cada pixel é a soma da vazão produzida nesse com a vazão advinda dos pixels que contribuem com o escoamento superficial para o pixel em análise. No canal, a vazão é calculada pela soma dos hidrogramas advindos das colunas do sistema reticulado. A comparação entre os valores de lâmina e vazão máxima de escoamento superficial obtidas experimentalmente e calculadas em duas condições (encosta e bacia permitiu evidenciar que a metodologia, comparada aos métodos Racional e do Número da Curva, ofereceu boas estimativas tanto da lâmina quanto da vazão máxima de escoamento superficial.It was developed a methodology that allows obtaining the hydrograph of superficial flow and maxim flow of any position along a hillside and transversal sections of canals. The area of the hillside is divided in a matrix system having 100 lines and 100 columns. It was considered that the flux occurs in the direction of the hillside's slope and the flow of each pixel is the addition between its own flow and the flows that come from the pixels that contribute to the superficial flow in the pixel under analysis. In the canal the flow is taken as the addition of the hydrographs that come from the columns in the reticular system. By the new methodology the comparison of the total volume and maximum surface runoff flow values, obtained in two experimental conditions (hillside and hydrographic basin, allowed to conclude that the new model provided good performance when compared to the Rational Method and the Curve Number Method.

Normalización del cemento. Características químicas: Algunos comentarios sobre los métodos de ensayo

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Gaspar-Tebar, Demetrio

1978-12-01

Full Text Available El Pliego de Prescripciones Técnicas Generales para la Recepción de Cementos (RC-75, Decreto 1.064/1975 de 23 de mayo de 1975, publicado en los B.O.E. núms. 206 y 207, de fechas 28 y 29 de agosto, respectivamente, del mismo año, incluye la clasificación de los cementos, las prescripciones relativas a las características químicas y físicas, así como los métodos de ensayo que se deben utilizar para determinar dichas características.

Ensayos sobre la teoría de la evasión y la elusión de impuestos indirectos

OpenAIRE

Arias, Roberto

2011-01-01

Se presentan tres ensayos que incluyen contribuciones originales al análisis teórico de la evasión y la elusión fiscal de impuestos indirectos. Luego de la revisión de la literatura, en el Capítulo 2 se presenta un análisis de la incidencia de impuestos especificos y ad valorem que pueden ser evadidos en entornos competitivos y bajo monopolio. En el Capítulo 3 se analiza la evasión fiscal dentro de una estructura vertical. En particular, se analiza el efecto de la posibilidad de evasión de un...

What factors control the superficial lava dome explosivity?

Science.gov (United States)

Boudon, Georges; Balcone-Boissard, Hélène; Villemant, Benoit; Morgan, Daniel J.

2015-04-01

Dome-forming eruption is a frequent eruptive style; lava domes result from intermittent, slow extrusion of viscous lava. Most dome-forming eruptions produce highly microcrystallized and highly- to almost totally-degassed magmas which have a low explosive potential. During lava dome growth, recurrent collapses of unstable parts are the main destructive process of the lava dome, generating concentrated pyroclastic density currents (C-PDC) channelized in valleys. These C-PDC have a high, but localized, damage potential that largely depends on the collapsed volume. Sometimes, a dilute ash cloud surge develops at the top of the concentrated flow with an increased destructive effect because it may overflow ridges and affect larger areas. In some cases, large lava dome collapses can induce a depressurization of the magma within the conduit, leading to vulcanian explosions. By contrast, violent, laterally directed, explosions may occur at the base of a growing lava dome: this activity generates dilute and turbulent, highly-destructive, pyroclastic density currents (D-PDC), with a high velocity and propagation poorly dependent on the topography. Numerous studies on lava dome behaviors exist, but the triggering of lava dome explosions is poorly understood. Here, seven dome-forming eruptions are investigated: in the Lesser Antilles arc: Montagne Pelée, Martinique (1902-1905, 1929-1932 and 650 y. BP eruptions), Soufrière Hills, Montserrat; in Guatemala, Santiaguito (1929 eruption); in La Chaîne des Puys, France (Puy de Dome and Puy Chopine eruptions). We propose a new model of superficial lava-dome explosivity based upon a textural and geochemical study (vesicularity, microcrystallinity, cristobalite distribution, residual water contents, crystal transit times) of clasts produced by these key eruptions. Superficial explosion of a growing lava dome may be promoted through porosity reduction caused by both vesicle flattening due to gas escape and syn-eruptive cristobalite

Efficacy and safety of superficial chemical peeling in treatment of active acne vulgaris.

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Talib, Hassanain; Al-Khateeb, Alyaa; Hameed, Ayad; Murugaiah, Chandrika

2017-01-01

Acne vulgaris is an extremely common condition affecting the pilosebaceous unit of the skin and characterized by presence of comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, cysts, which might result in permanent scars. Acne vulgaris commonly involve adolescents and young age groups. Active acne vulgaris is usually associated with several complications like hyper or hypopigmentation, scar formation and skin disfigurement. Previous studies have targeted the efficiency and safety of local and systemic agents in the treatment of active acne vulgaris. Superficial chemical peeling is a skin-wounding procedure which might cause some potentially undesirable adverse events. This study was conducted to review the efficacy and safety of superficial chemical peeling in the treatment of active acne vulgaris. It is a structured review of an earlier seven articles meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The clinical assessments were based on pretreatment and post-treatment comparisons and the role of superficial chemical peeling in reduction of papules, pustules and comedones in active acne vulgaris. This study showed that almost all patients tolerated well the chemical peeling procedures despite a mild discomfort, burning, irritation and erythema have been reported; also the incidence of major adverse events was very low and easily manageable. In conclusion, chemical peeling with glycolic acid is a well-tolerated and safe treatment modality in active acne vulgaris while salicylic acid peels is a more convenient for treatment of darker skin patients and it showed significant and earlier improvement than glycolic acid.

Importancia del articulador semiajustable en la rehabilitación

OpenAIRE

María Elena Gutiérrez Hernández; Ileana Grau León; Gema Lauzardo García del Prado

2003-01-01

Se realiza un estudio sobre la importancia del articulador semiajustable en la rehabilitación protésica. Se define la oclusión dentaria como la relación que se establece entre las arcadas dentarias cuando estas toman contacto entre sí permaneciendo el arco inferior inmóvil con respecto al superior. Debido a que es fundamental en la rehabilitación protésica tratar de respetar la integridad funcional del paciente, nos proponemos como objetivo reestablecer los contactos en los deslizamientos dur...

Pediatric superficial scald burns--reassessment of our follow-up protocol.

Science.gov (United States)

Egro, Francesco M; O'Neill, Jennifer K; Briard, Robert; Cubison, Tania C S; Kay, Alan R; Estela, Catalina M; Burge, Timothy S

2010-01-01

The most common pediatric burn injury is a superficial scald. The current follow-up protocol for such burns includes review of the patient at 2 weeks postinjury and then 2 months later. The authors decided to review the protocol to assess the need for this second follow-up. A retrospective study reviewed the case notes of patients younger than 16 years at the time of their injury presenting with a scald over 5% TBSA. The progress of healing and scar development up to 5 years follow-up was assessed. This study showed that scalds healing within 2 weeks following injury rarely became hypertrophic. A prospective study was performed over a 10-month period. All children who suffered a superficial partial-thickness scald injury were included. At the 2-week appointment, the need for further follow-up was predicted. The accuracy of this prediction was assessed 2 months later. This study showed that an experienced member of the burns team could reliably predict at 2-week appointment those children who could be safely discharged with no subsequent need for scar management. This study suggests that it will be safe to modify the follow-up protocol, reducing the number of clinic attendances.

Generación de superficies curvas utilizando el programa CADET

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Recuero, Alfonso

1987-02-01

Full Text Available In this paper an extension to the CADET program, for the perspective drawing of 3— dimensional objects, is described. By means of this extension playing contours can be defined in their plane, which can subsequently be used in the generation of complex primitives. This contours may define the meridian curve of surfaces of revolution, the directive curve of conical or cilindrical surfaces, the borders of complicate plane elements, etc. The listings of the subroutines, written in HP-BASIC, are included together with a comprehensive explanation of how to use it in generating a complet object.

En el presente trabajo se muestra una extensión del programa CADET, para el dibujo de perspectivas de objetos tridimensionales, mediante la cual es posible generar contornos planos descritos en su propio plano y que posteriormente sirven de base en la definición de primitivas complejas. Estos contornos pueden representar las meridianas de superficies de revolución, la directriz de superficies cilíndricas o cónicas, los bordes de elementos planos complicados, etc. Se incluyen los listados en HP-BASIC de las subrutinas de generación y dibujo de estos contornos, así como una descripción detallada de su utilización con un objeto completo.

Superficial Spreading Melanoma „Slumbered“ Behind the Shadow of Onychomycosis

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Trayanova E.

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of cutaneous cancer. Due to the continuously increasing rate of newly detected cases each year and because of its particular low survival rate, the scientific interest in this type of neoplasia is constantly growing. Sun exposure is identified as the major etiologic factor for malignant transformation of the melanocytes. According to the WHO, malignant melanoma is divided into four main groups, as the superficial spreading form is defined as the most “gentle” among them. The name of this subspecies does not have to “drowse” the attention of dermatologists considering the possible metastasic risk, even at a later stage. Due to lack of subjective complaints, patients do not seek active consultation on this occasion, as this type of lesions often remain missed within the clinical examination. Early diagnosis, however, as well as early surgical removal is the key to increasing the survival rate of the patients. We present a case of a 88 year-old female patient consulted with dermatologist on occasion of severe onychomycosis, as a pigment lesion on the anterior surface of the right leg. Clinically and dermatoscopically suspected superficial spreading melanoma was detected within the examination.

Lactic acid peeling in superficial acne scarring in Indian skin.

Science.gov (United States)

Sachdeva, Silonie

2010-09-01

Chemical peeling with both alpha and beta hydroxy acids has been used to improve acne scarring with pigmentation. Lactic acid, a mild alpha hydroxy acid, has been used in the treatment of various dermatological indications but no study is reported in acne scarring with pigmentation. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of full strength pure lactic acid 92% (pH 2.0) chemical peel in superficial acne scarring in Indian skin. Seven patients, Fitzpatrick skin type IV-V, in age group 20-30 years with superficial acne scarring were enrolled in the study. Chemical peeling was done with lactic acid at an interval of 2 weeks to a maximum of four peels. Pre- and post-peel clinical photographs were taken at every session. Patients were followed every month for 3 months after the last peel to evaluate the effects. At the end of 3 months, there was definite improvement in the texture, pigmentation, and appearance of the treated skin, with lightening of scars. Significant improvement (greater than 75% clearance of lesions) occurred in one patient (14.28%), good improvement (51-75% clearance) in three patients (42.84%), moderate improvement (26-50% clearance) in two patients (28.57%), and mild improvement (1-25% clearance) in one patient (14.28%). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Superficial ovarian cortex vascularization is inversely related to the follicle reserve in normal cycling ovaries and is increased in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Delgado-Rosas, F; Gaytán, M; Morales, C; Gómez, R; Gaytán, F

2009-05-01

The superficial ovarian cortex constitutes the micro-environment where resting and early growing follicles reside. As small follicles do not possess an independent capillary network, both their survival and early growth depend on their proximity to the cortical vessels. Little is known about the possible changes in superficial ovarian cortex vascularization in normal women throughout reproductive life or in pathological conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) involving abnormal early follicle growth. We studied the vascularization of the superficial and deep cortical stroma (DCS) in normal cycling ovaries from 21 to 50 years of age and in infertile women with PCOS. We used archival ovarian samples and specific CD34 immunostaining to determine blood vessel density and to analyse correlation with age and with the ovarian follicle reserve. Normal cycling ovaries showed an age-related increase in the superficial cortical stroma vascularization that was inversely correlated with the density of small (primordial and primary) follicles. In contrast, blood vessel density in the DCS significantly decreased in women aged >or=40 years. Ovaries from PCOS showed a 2-fold increase in blood vessel density in both superficial cortical stroma and DCS with respect to age-matched controls. The increased vascularization of the superficial cortical stroma in normal ovaries in relation to age and in ovaries from PCOS could have profound effects on cortical metabolic rate, primordial follicle survival/activation and early follicle growth, and may underline changes in follicle dynamics in mid-aged women and in PCOS.

Automatic and Deliberate Affective Associations with Sexual Stimuli in Women with Superficial Dyspareunia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Brauer, Marieke; de Jong, Peter J.; Huijding, Jorg; Laan, Ellen; ter Kuile, Moniek M.

Current views suggest that in women with superficial dyspareunia the prospect of penile-vaginal intercourse automatically activates fear-related associations. The automatic activation of negative associations is assumed to interfere with the development of sexual arousal. In turn, this may further

Epidemiology of superficial and cutaneous mycosis in 5500 suspected patients in Tehran

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Ayatollah Nasrollahi Omran

2010-04-01

Full Text Available "n Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Background: Identification of the determatophytosis species and superficial mycosis agents may be useful in directing the survey for environmental and animal sources of infection to educate the danger of acquiring infections from infected persons and other animals. Based on this background the identification of cutaneous mycosis distribution was the main purpose."n"nMethods: From March 2005 to Feb 2009 we examined 5500 patients suspected to superficial and cutaneous mycosis referred to medical mycology labs in Tehran, Iran for Medical Mycology examination. Skin, hair and nail sampling were taken by scraping from patients and collected for diagnosis. Diagnosis was confirmed by direct microscopy and culture according to the mycology routine laboratory methods."n"nResults: A total of 2271 cases (41.3% suffered from superficial and cutaneous mycosis. The most common infections were dermatophytosis 1279 cases (56.31%, Tinea Versicolor 356 cases (15.47%, Erythersma 283 cases (12.46%, cutaneous candidiosis 243 cases (10.7% and sacrophytic cutaneous mycosis 110 cases (4.83%. Tichophyton mentagrophytes was the most common etiological agent with 198 cases (41.56%. The most common clinical type of cutaneous candidiasis was

Reconstrucción 3D usando superficies trianguladas dados contornos paralelos

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Manuel Guillermo Forero

2001-07-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo muestra una técnica de triangulación empleada para la reconstrucción de superficies tridimensionales (3D a partir de contornos paralelos. Esta técnica es usada para el modelamiento de la cabeza y el cerebro a partir de imágenes de resonancia magnética (IRM.

Fusarium musae as cause of superficial and deep-seated human infections.

Science.gov (United States)

Esposto, M C; Prigitano, A; Tortorano, A M

2016-12-01

BLAST analysis in GenBank of 60 Fusarium verticillioides clinical isolates using the sequence of translation elongation factor 1-alpha allowed the identification of four F. musae confirming that this species is not a rare etiology of superficial and deep infections and that its habitat is not restricted to banana fruits. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Treatment of primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma with superficial x-rays

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jepsen, Malene E; Gniadecki, Robert

2015-01-01

The optimal radiation schedule for primary cutaneous anaplastic lymphoma (PCALCL) has not been investigated. We report here satisfactory outcomes of low-dose (16-20 Gy, 3-5 fractions), superficial X-ray radiation (40-50 kV) in a series of 10 patients with PCALCL. Only 1 patient developed a local...

Produtividade e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de aveia preta em função da calagem superficial em plantio direto = Black oat yield and seed physiologic quality under superficial lime application in no tillage system

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tiago Roque Benetoli da Silva

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade e a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de aveia preta em razão da aplicação superficial de calcário em plantio direto, foi realizado um experimento em Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo, sob condições de sequeiro. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, em que os tratamentos foram constituídos por aplicação superficial de doses de calcário dolomítico (D0 = zero – sem aplicação de calcário; D1 = 1,8 t ha-1 – quantidade de calcário para elevar a saturação por bases a 54%; D2 = 3,6 t ha-1 – quantidade de calcário para elevar a saturação por bases a 68% e D3 = 5,4 t ha-1 – quantidade de calcário para elevar a saturação por bases a 80%, realizada em outubro de 2002. A cultura da aveia preta, cultivar Comum, foi semeada em abril de 2004, no segundo ano após a rotação milheto (primavera, feijão (verão e aveia preta (outono e inverno. Com os resultados obtidos, observou-se ganho de produtividade com a aplicação superficial de calcário, porém sem influenciar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de aveia preta.The experiment carried out in Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, in dry conditions, aiming to evaluate the yield and physiologic quality of black oat seeds, under superficial liming in no tillage system. A randomized complete block design was used, with four replications. The treatments were superficial application of different dolomitic lime rates (R0 = zero – without lime; R1 = 1.8 t ha-1 – lime to increase the base saturation at 54%; R2 = 3.6 t ha-1 – lime to increase the base saturation at 68%, and R3 = 5.4 t ha-1 – lime to increase the base saturation at 80%, in October 2002. The blackoat Common cultivar was sowed in April 2004, in second year, after the crop rotation of millet (spring, common bean (summer, black oat (autumn/winter. The results showed that the black oat physiologic quality seed was not affected by

Cyclic testing of porcelain laminiate veneers on superficial enamel and dentin: Pressed vs. conventional layered porcelain

Science.gov (United States)

Tawde, Shweta

Statement of Problem: Clinicians are inclined towards more aggressive teeth preparations to accommodate the thickness of the veneering material. The principle of conservative tooth preparation is compromised. Purpose: By using a conservative approach to treatment with porcelain veneers, long-lasting, esthetic and functional results may be achieved. Sacrificing as little tooth structure as possible and conserving the supporting tissues will facilitate prospective patients. Materials and Methods: Forty extracted human maxillary and mandibular canines were selected. The teeth were divided into one of two groups (pressable and stackable) and further subdivided according to tooth substrate (all-enamel or mixed enamel-dentin exposure). Twenty canine teeth were allotted to the pressable veneer group and 20 were allotted to the stackable veneer group. Of the 20 teeth in the pressable group, all were pressed with a lithium disilicate ceramic system (IPS e.max Press), 10 with labial tooth reduction of 0.3-0.5 mm maintaining superficial enamel (PEN) and the remaining 10 teeth with labial veneer reduction of 0.8-1.0 mm exposing superficial dentin (PDN). Of the 20 teeth in the stackable group, all were stacked/ layered with conventional feldspathic porcelain (Fortune; Williams/ Ivoclar); with labial veneer reduction of 0.3-0.5 mm maintaining superficial enamel (SEN) and the remaining 10 teeth with labial veneer reduction of 0.8-1.0 mm exposing superficial dentin (SDN). Silicon putty matrix was fabricated prior to teeth preparation to estimate the teeth reduction. The prepared facial reduction was limited to the incisal edge. No incisal or palatal/lingual reduction was performed. Impressions of the prepared teeth were taken in medium/light-bodied PVS. Master casts were made in Resin Rock. The stackable group specimens were made with fabricating refractory dies and after following the recommended steps of laboratory procedure, stackable veneers were processed. The pressable group

Estudio anatómico de la rama superficial del nervio radial, implicaciones quirúrgicas

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Enrique Vergara Amador

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes. Conocer la anatomía de la rama superficial del nervio radial, es indispensable para la adecuada práctica de cirugías que involucran la mano y la muñeca. Objetivo. Determinar las relaciones del nervio radial y sus ramas con el tubérculo de Lister, la apófisis estiloides del radio y la distribución en el dorso de la mano. Material y métodos. Se disecaron 25 piezas de cadáveres frescos. Se identificó la rama superficial del nervio radial y se midió la distancia entre la salida del nervio y la apófisis estiloides del radio. Se identificaron las ramas del nervio en el antebrazo distal y en la muñeca y se midieron respecto a la apófisis estiloides y al tubérculo de Lister. Resultados. La rama superficial del nervio radial emergió en la región dorsal y radial del tercio distal del antebrazo entre el músculo braquiradialis y el extensor carpis radialis longus, a una distancia de 8,45 cm proximal a la apófisis estiloides. Su primera rama de división discurrió palmar a la apófisis estiloides radial a una distancia promedio de 0,74 cm respecto a la misma. El tronco principal se dividió en varias ramas terminales así: proximal a la apófisis estiloides del radio (28%, a nivel de la misma (12% y distal (60%. El patrón de distribución de las ramas nerviosas en la base de los dedos más frecuente fue el del primero, segundo y el lado radial del tercer dedo (56%. Discusión. Este estudio mostró la gran variabilidad de la rama superficial del nervio radial en el dorso de la mano y la alta probabilidad de daño del mismo durante los procedimientos abiertos, artroscópicos o procedimientos percutáneos en la muñeca.

Primary temporal region squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed by a superficial temporal artery biopsy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, S A W; Kiss, K

2015-01-01

artery biopsy was performed. The histopathology revealed perineural invasion of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A thorough investigation revealed no other primary site for the SCC and the patient was treated with surgical excision. CONCLUSION: Malignancy is rarely found in superficial temporal artery...

La celda Avesta: Un método para evitar problemas de corrosión por resquicios en los ensayos electroquímicos de corrosión por picaduras

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Fosca, C.

1996-06-01

Full Text Available A very common problem, that occurs during the electrochemical pitting corrosion tests of CRAs (corrosion resistant alloys as stainless steels, is the simultaneous occurrence of crevice corrosion that difficults the evaluation of the electrochemical behaviour in presence of pitting corrosion mechanism only. Crevice corrosion appears as a consequence of the formation of crevices during the mountage of the specimen in the electrochemical cell. Several forms have been developed to avoid the presence of crevice during the electrochemical pitting corrosion test, but without satisfactory results. In the present study a relatively new and innovative method to eliminate the risk of crevice corrosion in the electrochemical tests is evaluated the Avesta cell. Anodic polarization electrochemical tests were carried out in a high alloy stainless steel in 3 % NaCl solution. The experimental results obtained using the Avesta cell were more reliable, reproducible and representative of the electrochemical behaviour of the material that those obtained using other methods of samples preparation to avoid the crevice formation.

Uno de los grandes problemas que suelen presentarse en los ensayos electroquímicos ideados para evaluar la resistencia a la corrosión por picaduras de materiales como los aceros inoxidables es la presencia simultánea de corrosión por resquicios, que suele dificultar e impedir muchas veces la interpretación de los resultados electroquímicos. Este mecanismo de corrosión localizada se produce como consecuencia de la presencia de resquicios en el ensamble de la muestra con la celda electroquímica de ensayo. Se han ideado numerosas formas de evitar este inconveniente, pero ninguna ha resultado completamente satisfactoria. En el presente estudio se evalúa uno de los más nuevos e ingeniosos procedimientos para eliminar el riesgo de corrosión por resquicios en los ensayos de corrosión por picaduras: la celda Avesta. Se efectuaron

Superficial thrombophlebitis (Mondor′s Disease after breast augmentation surgery

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Viana Giovanni Andre

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Although the aetiology of Mondor′s disease remains unclear, the most commonly cited cause is trauma of some sort. Although surgical trauma has frequently been quoted, reports that specifically implicate aesthetic breast surgery are unusual in the literature. In this article, the authors report a case of superficial thrombophlebitis of the anterolateral chest wall secondary to breast augmentation surgery in a woman, five months after the procedure. The authors performed an analysis of the disease′s main etiologic components and preponderant clinical aspects, and determined all appropriate therapeutic measures.

Ensayo de neutralización in vitro de aplicación en la evaluación de inmunógenos contra la hepatitis A, obtenidos mediante la tecnología de expresión en fagos filamentosos

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Alicia Aguilar

2010-04-01

Full Text Available La inmunidad contra el virus de la hepatitis A (VHA se debe en primera instancia a la inducción de anticuerpos neutralizantes. Disponer de ensayos de neutralización es indispensable para evaluar nuevos candidatos vacunales contra este patógeno. En el presente trabajo se desarrolló un ensayo de neutralización in vitro que permitió evaluar la inmunogenicidad de mimotopos del VHA obtenidos mediante la tecnología de expresión en fagos al ser inmunizados ratones Balb/c. Diferentes diluciones de anticuerpos se incubaron con 103 o 102 Dosis Infecciosas en Cultivo de Tejidos 50% (DICT50 del clon citopático HM175/18f de VHA, y se inocularon en placas con células FRhK4. Después de 7 días de incubación el título neutralizante se determinó como el recíproco de la dilución del suero capaz de reducir la multiplicación viral al 50%. Tanto 103 como 102 DICT50 fueron neutralizadas por el anticuerpo monoclonal 7E7 y los sueros humanos (A12 y A31 positivos a anticuerpos anti-VHA. Los controles negativos del ensayo no neutralizaron al virus. Los títulos neutralizantes de los sueros de ratones inmunizados con fagos portadores de mimotopos de VHA oscilaron entre 4 y 16, mientras que los sueros preinmunes y los de ratones inmunizados con fago salvaje M13 no neutralizaron la infectividad viral. Este ensayo de neutralización resultó adecuado para la evaluación de los inmunógenos propuestos

El ensayo lírico como experiencia estética-hermenéutica (The Lyric Essay as an Aesthetic-Hermeneutical Experience)

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Luis Javier Hernández Carmona

2017-01-01

Se plantea la teorización sobre el ensayo lírico y la generación de la experiencia estética-hermenéutica, a partir de la aplicación de la ontosemiótica como perspectiva metodológica. Con ello, se analizan las prácticas discursivo-literarias que contienen la metarreflexión que desde la extratextualidad da respuesta a los planteos metaforizados, dado que la autonomía del texto y los desdoblamientos del sujeto enunciador implican estrategias de análisis centradas en el cuadrante referencial auto...

La ceguera como motivo en Ensayo sobre la ceguera de José Saramago e Informe sobre ciegos de Ernesto Sábato

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Fonseca, Marco Antonio

2008-01-01

El trabajo de investigación, El motivo de la ceguera en el Ensayo sobre la ceguera de José Saramago e Informe sobre ciegos de Ernesto Sábato, analiza desde el área y la metodología de la literatura comparada el uso del motivo literario de la ceguera en los dos textos mencionados, resaltando las similitudes y diferencias del tratamiento del motivo dentro de las dos obras y como éste sostiene una serie de obsesiones e ideas sobre el estado actual del mundo que comparten los autores de las dos n...

Tamaño de Parcela Experimental y Número de Repeticiones para Ensayos de Rendimiento con Caupi, Vigna ungiculata (l Walp

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Escobar Soto Carlos

1990-09-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación se realizó con el propósito de estimar el tamaño óptimo de parcela experimental y el número de repeticiones para ensayos de rendimiento con caupl Vigna ungiculata (L Walp. El ensayo de campo, ensayo en blanco de 20 surcos de 25 m cada uno, se sembró durante el segundo semestre de 1990, en el Centro de Investigación Cotové, municipio de Santa Fe de Antioquia, propiedad de la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Seccional Medellín. La zona de vida corresponde a la de bosque seco tropical (bs -T. Se sembró la variedad experimental Licatur-1 OCA Calamar, a 0,60 m entre surcos y 0,10 m entre plantas dentro de surcos. La unidad básica se consideró de un surco de un metro de longitud. Para la estimación del tamaño óptimo de parcela experimental se combinaron las unidades básicas para obtener arreglos de diferentes tamaños y formas, a los que se determinó el coeficiente de variación GVij: CVij –Sij/Yij i:1,2, ... L;j = 1, 2, ... A Con el conjunto de los CVij se obtuvo un modelo de regresión cuya expresión real se asume que es un modelo cuadrático en (largo y r (ancho, esto es: CVij= β12+β1α +β2γ+β21αˆ2+β22γˆ2+β12αγ El tamaño óptimo de parcela experimental se estimó en unidades de 6 surcos (a 0,60 m. entre sí de 5 m de longitud (0,10 m entre plantas dentro de surcos, con un coeficiente de variación del 16%. El número de repeticiones estimado, para lograr un coeficiente de variación de 16% y una precisión razonable del 25% es de 4, asumiendo que las pruebas de comparación se hagan con un nivel de significancia de 0,05. A partir del modelo de regresión encontrado, para valores constantes del coeficiente de variación y número de surcos se estimó longitud de los mismos y con todos estos datos se generó una familia de curvas, de tal suerte que para un valor deseado de CV se puede escoger entre varias alternativas de tamaño de

Referencias bibliográficas: Julio Cortázar, perspectivas críticas. Ensayos inéditos / Pol Popovic Karic y Fidel Chávez Pérez, coordinadores.

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Guerrero Almagro, Berta

2014-01-01

Reseña de Julio Cortázar, perspectivas críticas. Ensayos inéditos. Pol Popovic Karic y Fidel Chávez Pérez, coordinadores. Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Campus de Monterrey y Miguel Ángel Porrúa, librero-editor México, 2012. 384 pp. (ISBN: 978-607-401-581-2)

Comparison of Narrowband Imaging with Autofluorescence Imaging for Endoscopic Visualization of Superficial Squamous Cell Carcinoma Lesions of the Esophagus

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Haruhisa Suzuki

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Aim. To compare narrowband imaging (NBI and autofluorescence imaging (AFI endoscopic visualization for identifying superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC. Methods. Twenty-four patients with superficial esophageal carcinomas diagnosed at previous hospitals were enrolled in this study. Lesions were initially detected using white-light endoscopy and then observed with both NBI and AFI. Endoscopic images documented each method, and three endoscopists experienced in esophageal imaging retrospectively reviewed respective images of histologically confirmed esophageal SCCs. Images were assessed for quality in identifying superficial SCCs and rated as excellent, fair, or poor by the three reviewers with interobserver agreement calculated using kappa (κ statistics. Results. Thirty-one lesions histologically confirmed as superficial esophageal SCCs were detected in 24 patients. NBI images of 27 lesions (87% were rated as excellent, three as fair, and one as poor compared to AFI images of 19 lesions (61% rated as excellent, 10 as fair and two as poor (P<0.05. Moderate interobserver agreement (κ=0.42, 95% CI 0.24–0.60 resulted in NBI while fair agreement (κ=0.35, 95% CI 0.18–0.51 was achieved using AFI. Conclusion. NBI may be more effective than AFI for visualization of esophageal SCC.

Development of the Platysma Muscle and the Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System (Human Specimens at 8–17 Weeks of Development

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C. De la Cuadra-Blanco

2013-01-01

Full Text Available There is controversy regarding the description of the different regions of the face of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS and its relationship with the superficial mimetic muscles. The purpose of this study is to analyze the development of the platysma muscle and the SMAS in human specimens at 8–17 weeks of development using an optical microscope. Furthermore, we propose to study the relationship of the anlage of the SMAS and the neighbouring superficial mimetic muscles. The facial musculature derives from the mesenchyme of the second arch and migrates towards the different regions of the face while forming premuscular laminae. During the 8th week of development, the cervical, infraorbital, mandibular, and temporal laminae are observed to be on the same plane. The platysma muscle derives from the cervical lamina and its mandibular extension enclosing the lower part of the parotid region and the cheek, while the SMAS derives from the upper region. During the period of development analyzed in this study, we have observed no continuity between the anlage of the SMAS and that of the superficial layer of the temporal fascia and the zygomaticus major muscle. Nor have we observed any structure similar to the SMAS in the labial region.

Measurement system study using beta radiation for determining different paper superficial density

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vieira, Thais Molina; Madi Filho, Tufic

2000-01-01

Radioisotopes are used now in some areas of the industry. For quality control purposes, they are used in non-destructive analysis (NDA) which is applied to the materials examination verifying if they are adequate to the patterns demanded by technical rules or the market. Gamma, beta or neutron radiation sources may be used to do NDA, depending on material to be analyzed and the industrial process. In this work, the study of measurement system applied to quality control area was conceived and, in the evaluation of the material in test, a radioactive beta source was used. A system was designed and mounted, using a plastic scintillator detector developed in the laboratories of the Centro de Tecnologia das Radiacoes from IPEN-CNEN/SP. Two beta sources were used in the operational test: 90 Sr/ 90 Y and 204 Tl. Measures were obtained using several paper samples with different superficial density in g/m 2 . With the results, an equation correlating the relative activity with the superficial density in g/m 2 was established. (author)

Superficial inflammatory and primary neoplastic lymphadenopathy: diagnostic accuracy of power-doppler sonography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Magarelli, N.; Guglielmi, G.; Savastano, M.; Toro, V.; Sborgia, M.; Fioritoni, G.; Mattei, P.A.; Steinbach, L.; Bonomo, L.

2004-01-01

Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of a cut-off of the resistive index of 0.5 for the differentiation between inflammatory and neoplastic primary lymphadenopathies. Subjects and methods: We measured the resistive index of superficial enlarged lymph nodes in a total of 50 patients (29 males and 21 females; age range 12-72 years, mean age 41.6 year) using an ATL 5000 HDI. A resistive index greater than or equal to 0.5 indicated an inflammatory lymph node and a resistive index <0.5 was consistent with neoplastic primary lymphadenopathies. The gold standard was either surgical biopsy or lymph-node reduction seen with ultrasound examination after antibiotic therapy. Results: The sensitivity of the resistive index for distinguishing inflammatory from neoplastic lymphadenopathy was 84.6%, the specificity 100% and the diagnostic accuracy 95.7% (P<0.001, statistically significant). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that power-Doppler using a resistive index cut-off of 0.5 was a valid technique for distinguising between inflammatory and primary neoplastic lymph nodes in patients with superficial lymphadenopathies

Efectos del entrenamiento en superficies inestables sobre el equilibrio y funcionalidad en adultos mayores

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Juan C. López S

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: determinar los efectos de un programa de ocho semanas de entrenamiento en superficies inestables con y sin trabajo de fuerza, sobre el equilibrio y la capacidad funcional en adultos mayores de 60 años, pertenecientes al programa “Escuelas populares del deporte” del inder Medellín. Metodología: se llevó a cabo un estudio experimental simple, ciego y enmascarado con asignación al azar de 34 sujetos a dos grupos de intervención con y sin trabajo de fuerza sobre superficies inestables; se midió el equilibrio unipodal, bipodal con ojos abiertos y cerrados, además de pruebas funcionales como Up and Go, arm curl y chair test. Resultados: las intervenciones con y sin trabajo de fuerza mejoraron el equilibrio total en 57,0 y 69,5 segundos respectivamente, sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la comparación entre los grupos (p = 0,13. Se mejoró la velocidad de la marcha con ambas intervenciones sin diferencias intragrupos estadísticamente significativas (p = 0,33 pero importantes para la práctica. Conclusión: ambas intervenciones mejoran el equilibrio, sin embargo existen diferencias importantes para la práctica a favor del programa sobre superficies inestables sin trabajo de fuerza, pues la intervención tiene un mejor efecto sobre el equilibrio unipodal y bipodal tanto con ojos abiertos como con cerrados.

MRI of superficial soft tissue masses: analysis of features useful in distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions

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Calleja, Michele; Dimigen, Marion; Saifuddin, Asif [Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore (United Kingdom)

2012-12-15

To identify the MRI features of superficial soft tissue masses, that may allow differentiation between malignant and non-malignant lesions. A total of 136 consecutive patients referred to a supra-regional musculoskeletal oncology center over a 10-year period with the diagnosis of a superficial soft tissue mass were included in this retrospective study. Features analyzed included patient demographics, lesion size, MRI signal characteristics, margins, lobulation, hemorrhage, necrosis, fascial edema, relationship to the fascia, as well as involvement of the skin. Comparison was then made with the final histological diagnosis. Of the patients reviewed, 58 were male and 78 were female, and the mean age was 49.9 years. The mean age for malignant lesions was 57.9 years, and that for non-neoplastic and benign conditions 41.9 years (p < 0.001). A significant relationship was identified between malignancy and lobulation (p < 0.01), hemorrhage (p < 0.001), fascial edema (p < 0.001), hemorrhage (p < 0.0001) and necrosis (p < 0.001). The relationship between skin thickening and skin contact and malignancy was also found to be significant. However, size was not found to be an important determining factor for malignancy, with a significant proportion of malignant superficial sarcomas measuring less than 5 cm in maximal diameter. This study has shown that a significant proportion of malignant superficial sarcomas measured less than 5 cm in maximal diameter. Fascial edema, skin thickening, skin contact, hemorrhage, and necrosis were found to be highly significant factors indicative of malignancy. Lobulation and peritumoral edema were also significant MRI features. (orig.)

Fístula arteriovenosa safeno-femoral superficial como acesso à hemodiálise: descrição de técnica operatória e experiência clínica inicial Superficial saphenofemoral arteriovenous fistula as access to hemodialysis: description of operative technique and initial clinical experience

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João Antônio Corrêa

2005-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever uma técnica de confecção de fístula arteriovenosa para acesso à hemodiálise, avaliando os aspectos técnicos de sua confecção, eficácia e complicações. MÉTODO: Foram realizadas 16 fístulas arteriovenosas safeno-femoral superficial em 15 pacientes, no período de agosto de 1998 a outubro de 2000. Esses procedimentos foram efetuados em pacientes sem opções de acesso em membros superiores. A técnica utilizada foi a anteriorização e superficialização da veia safena magna, anastomosando-a na artéria femoral superficial distal. As fístulas arteriovenosas safeno-femoral superficial foram avaliadas quanto à facilidade de punção, fluxo adequado, pressão venosa espontânea, adequação de diálise e complicações no intra-operatório. RESULTADOS: Todas as fístulas puderam ser concluídas com sucesso, sem complicações no intra-operatório. Houve um óbito precoce, porém as demais estavam aptas às punções no 30º dia pós-operatório. Quatorze fístulas foram utilizadas e, na evolução, três pacientes foram submetidos a transplante renal, quatro apresentaram trombose, dois apresentaram pseudoaneurisma de punção. CONCLUSÃO: As fístulas arteriovenosas safeno-femoral superficial mostram-se como boa alternativa para pacientes que não possuem outras possibilidades de acesso em membros superiores, permitindo tratamento hemodialítico eficaz, com boa taxa de perviedade em médio prazo.OBJECTIVE: To describe a technique for creating an arteriovenous fistula as an access to hemodialysis, evaluating its technical aspects, efficacy and complications. METHOD: From August 1998 to October 2000, 16 superficial saphenofemoral arteriovenous fistulas were performed in 15 patients. These procedures were used in patients without access options in upper limbs. The surgical technique consisted of an anteriorization and a superficialization of the saphenous vein anastomosed to the superficial femoral artery in the

Percutaneous treatment of delayed post-atherectomy superficial femoral artery pseudoaneurysm.

Science.gov (United States)

Akkus, Nuri Ilker; Fay, Matt; Varma, Jai

2012-10-01

SilverHawk atherectomy is commonly used in lower extremity percutaneous interventions. Minor perforations during SilverHawk atherectomy procedures are reported at a range of 0.8%. There are few reported cases in the literature about very late pseuodoaneursym formation after SilverHawk atherectomy. Herein we report a very unusual, late, concealed, acute rupture of superficial femoral artery with a large, painful pseuodoaneursym formation, 1 week after Silver- Hawk atherectomy and its treatment with Viabahn stent graft (W.L. Gore & Associates).

VARIABILIDAD DE LA TEMPERATURA DE SUPERFICIES EN EL NW DE LA PROVINCIA DE NEUQUÉN A PARTIR DE INFORMCIÓN SATELITAL.

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Marisa G. Cogliati

2008-12-01

Full Text Available La complejidad del terreno y la falta de datos meteorológicos siguiendo el gradiente altitudinal obliga a la exploración de nuevos métodos o esquemas entre los que se encuentra el análisis por medio de modelos o imágenes satelitales. El presente trabajo pretende describir el marco de información con el que se cuenta en el NW neuquino y la introducción de análisis espacial de distribución de la temperatura de superficie a partir de imágenes NOAA- AVHRR con miras a la inclusión futura de nuevos esquemas de estudio. La temperatura del aire presenta gran variabilidad espacial, principalmente en los valores mínimos, una idea de esta distribución puede asociarse a la temperatura de superficie que es obtenida a partir del análisis de imágenes NOAA-AVHRR. Este trabajo presenta el análisis de situaciones particulares de la temperatura de superficie de la zona NW de la Provincia de Neuquén utilizando imágenes de satélites NOAA en alta resolución (AVHRR e imágenes LANDSAT de la región. La temperatura de superficie obtenida utilizando la información de los canales 4 y 5 del sensor AVHRR presenta la distribución espacial de la temperatura del suelo que pone en evidencia la complejidad del comportamiento, asociado al relieve. Se observa la dependencia de las isotermas con la altura, alcanzando los menores valores de temperatura de superficie en los picos. Esta metodología permitiría incorporar información cuya escala consideraría con mayor detalle que en escala sinóptica de la temperatura de superficie de píxeles de aproximadamente 1 km2. El análisis posterior de una mayor cantidad de situaciones, permitiría realizar mapas estacionales de temperatura de superficie en una escala que no es posible obtener con el instrumental que se encuentra instalado en este momento, pudiendo asociarse posteriormente al comportamiento de la temperatura del aire.

Desarrollo de una metodología para la medición de la rugosidad superficial del suelo

OpenAIRE

García Moreno, Rosario

2011-01-01

El objetivo de la presente tesis doctoral ha sido el desarrollo de una metodología fiable, fácil de usar y de bajo coste par ala toma de datos e interpretación de la rugosidad superficial del suelo. Sobre la base de los resultados publicados en la bibliografía se desarrollaron tres prototipos para la toma de datos de la rugosidad superficial del suelo. El primero basado en la metodología de láser sin contacto, el segundo tipo perfilométro de varillas, y un tercero, basado en el análisis de so...

Simulación en laboratorio mediante ensayos de corrosión acelerada de la presencia y contenido en sales solubles en los productos de corrosión atmosférica del acero

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de la Fuente, D.

2005-12-01

Full Text Available In an attempt to approximate what occurs in the atmosphere, this work has established a methodology using accelerated corrosion tests to contaminate steel surfaces with similar levels of chlorides and sulphates to those founded in atmospheric natural exposure. The results show that by selecting the variable of exposure time in the salt fog cabinet, in the case of chlorides, or the volume of SO₂ introduced in the KESTERNICH cabinet, in the case of sulphates, it has been possible to contaminate steel substrates with similar preestablished contents of these salts to those obtained naturally after three months of exposure in three atmospheres of different aggressivities: Cabo Vilano (marine; Aviles (industrial; and Madrid (urban.

En un intento de aproximación a lo que sucede en la atmósfera, en el presente trabajo, se ha establecido una metodología mediante el empleo de ensayos de corrosión acelerada, para contaminar superficies de acero con niveles de cloruros y sulfates, del orden de los encontrados de forma natural en la atmósfera. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, eligiendo como variable el tiempo de exposición en la cámara de niebla salina, en el caso de los cloruros, y el volumen de SO₂ introducido en la cámara KESTERNICH, en el caso de los sulfatos, ha sido posible contaminar substratos de acero con unos contenidos preestablecidos en dichas sales, similares a los obtenidos de forma natural tras un período de exposición de tres meses en tres atmósferas de distinta agresividad: Cabo Vilano (marina. Avilés (industrial y Madrid (urbana.

The flexural stiffness of superficial neuromasts in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) lateral line

NARCIS (Netherlands)

McHenry, Matthew J.; van Netten, Sietse M.

2007-01-01

Superficial neuromasts are structures that detect water flow on the surface of the body of fish and amphibians. As a component of the lateral line system, these receptors are distributed along the body, where they sense flow patterns that mediate a wide variety of behaviors. Their ability to detect

Ensayo piloto de biorremediación de suelos contaminados por hidrocarburos. Fase ll

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Gloria Lucía Camargo Millán

2009-06-01

Full Text Available  El estudio de la biodegradación de los hidrocarburos compuestos,altamente contaminantes y tóxicos, es de interéspara la descontaminación de ambientes afectados por derramesde petróleo. Aunque este proceso se presenta demanera natural, es demasiado lento, razón por la que sehace necesario el uso de técnicas de biorremediación parafacilitar la acción microbiana sobre los contaminantes. Anivel experimental este proceso se realiza por etapas o ensayos,ya sean de laboratorio, pilotos, de campo oimplementación. Previamente a este estudio se trabajó unaetapa a nivel de laboratorio, donde se observó la remociónde hidrocarburo en un suelo contaminado de manera inducida,aislándose bacterias capaces de su degradación, loque mostró que el proceso es factible. El presente estudiocorresponde a la etapa a nivel piloto, cuyo objetivo eracuantificar la tasa de remoción de hidrocarburo en muestrasde suelo contaminadas con crudo de castilla provenientede diez terrarios, a los cuales se les inoculó bacteriastotales y bacterias Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Superficial and deep learning approaches among medical students in an interdisciplinary integrated curriculum.

Science.gov (United States)

Mirghani, Hisham M; Ezimokhai, Mutairu; Shaban, Sami; van Berkel, Henk J M

2014-01-01

Students' learning approaches have a significant impact on the success of the educational experience, and a mismatch between instructional methods and the learning approach is very likely to create an obstacle to learning. Educational institutes' understanding of students' learning approaches allows those institutes to introduce changes in their curriculum content, instructional format, and assessment methods that will allow students to adopt deep learning techniques and critical thinking. The objective of this study was to determine and compare learning approaches among medical students following an interdisciplinary integrated curriculum. This was a cross-sectional study in which an electronic questionnaire using the Biggs two-factor Study Process Questionnaire (SPQ) with 20 questions was administered. Of a total of 402 students at the medical school, 214 (53.2%) completed the questionnaire. There was a significant difference in the mean score of superficial approach, motive and strategy between students in the six medical school years. However, no significant difference was observed in the mean score of deep approach, motive and strategy. The mean score for years 1 and 2 showed a significantly higher surface approach, surface motive and surface strategy when compared with students in years 4-6 in medical school. The superficial approach to learning was mostly preferred among first and second year medical students, and the least preferred among students in the final clinical years. These results may be useful in creating future teaching, learning and assessment strategies aiming to enhance a deep learning approach among medical students. Future studies are needed to investigate the reason for the preferred superficial approach among medical students in their early years of study.

Under digital fluoroscopic guidance multiple-point injection with absolute alcohol and pinyangmycin for the treatment of superficial venous malformations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang Ming; Xiao Gang; Peng Youlin

2010-01-01

Objective: to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of multiple-point injection with absolute alcohol and pinyangmycin under digital fluoroscopic guidance for superficial venous malformations. Methods: By using a disposal venous transfusion needle the superficial venous malformation was punctured and then contrast media lohexol was injected in to visualize the tumor body, which was followed by the injection of ethanol and pinyangmycin when the needle was confirmed in the correct position. The procedure was successfully performed in 31 patients. The clinical results were observed and analyzed. Results: After one treatment complete cure was achieved in 21 cases and marked effect was obtained in 8 cases, with a total effectiveness of 93.5%. Conclusion: Multiple-point injection with ethanol and pinyangmycin under digital fluoroscopic guidance is an effective and safe technique for the treatment of superficial venous malformations, especially for the lesions that are deeply located and ill-defined. (authors)

The Superficial Dermis May Initiate Keloid Formation: Histological Analysis of the Keloid Dermis at Different Depths

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Hu Jiao

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Several studies have reported on certain aspects of the characteristics of different sites within a keloid lesion, but detailed studies on the keloid dermis at different depths within a keloid lesion are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the histology of the keloid dermis at different depths. This study included 19 keloid tissue samples that were collected from 19 patients and 19 normal skin samples, which were harvested from subjects without keloids or hypertrophic scar. Samples were studied by light microscopy using routine hematoxylin and eosin histochemical staining, and immunohistochemistry to detect CD20-positive B-lymphocytes and CD3-positive T-lymphocytes. Sirius Red histochemical staining was used to determine the type of collagen in keloid tissue and normal skin samples. The migratory properties of fibroblasts within the keloid dermis at different depths was compared, using an in vitro migration assay. The findings of this study showed that although the papillary and reticular dermis could be clearly distinguished in normal skin, three tissue layers were identified in the keloid dermis. The superficial dermis of keloid was characterized by active fibroblasts and lymphocytes; the middle dermis contained dense extracellular matrix (ECM with large numbers fibroblasts, and the deep dermis was poorly cellular and characterized by hyalinized collagen bundles. In the keloid samples, from the superficial to the deep dermis, type I collagen increased and type III collagen decreased, and fibroblasts from the superficial dermis of the keloid were found to migrate more rapidly. In conclusion, the findings of this study showed that different depths within the keloid dermis displayed different biological features. The superficial dermis may initiate keloid formation, in which layer intralesional injection of pharmaceuticals and other treatments should be performed for keloid.

[Superficial mycoses: comparative study between type 2 diabetic patients and a non-diabetic control group].

Science.gov (United States)

García-Humbría, Leila; Richard-Yegres, Nicole; Pérez-Blanco, Maigualida; Yegres, Francisco; Mendoza, Mireya; Acosta, Arnaldo; Hernández, Rosaura; Zárraga, Eluz

2005-03-01

Superficial mycoses are considered to affect more frequently patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2), specially onychomycosis and Tinea pedis. The purpose of this study was to compare the dermatophytoses, candidiasis and Pitiriasis versicolor frequency between 40 patients with DM-2 and 40 healthy persons of either sex, 40 years old or more. Clinical, metabolic, mycologic and inmunologic studies against Candida albicans, were carried out. Both diabetics 75% (30/40) and controls 65% (26/40) presented a high frequency of superficial mycoses (no significant difference p = 0.329). Pitiriasis versicolor was not detected in diabetic patients. They presented Tinea unguium, concomitant with Tinea pedis, with a higher frequency. The predominant dermatophyte was Trichophyton rubrum 18/23 (78%) in diabetics and 8/16 (50%) in non diabetics. Candida was isolated as commensal from oral mucous: 23/40 (58%) in diabetics and 21/40 (52%) in non diabetics (serotipo A was the more frequent), and from onychomycosis: 11/40 (28%) in diabetics and 12/40 (30%) in non diabetics. The immunological response was the same in both groups: celular 100%, humoral 20%. No statistical correlation among superficial mycoses, blood glucose level, glycosylated hemoglobin values or the time suffering the disease was observed. The high susceptibility to dermatophytes and Candida sp. infection showed to be associated with age and no with the diabetic type 2 condition in those patients.

Imaging Features of Superficial and Deep Fibromatoses in the Adult Population

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Eric A. Walker

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The fibromatoses are a group of benign fibroblastic proliferations that vary from benign to intermediate in biological behavior. This article will discuss imaging characteristics and patient demographics of the adult type superficial (fascial and deep (musculoaponeurotic fibromatoses. The imaging appearance of these lesions can be characteristic (particularly when using magnetic resonance imaging. Palmar fibromatosis demonstrates multiple nodular or band-like soft tissue masses arising from the proximal palmar aponeurosis and extending along the subcutaneous tissues of the finger in parallel to the flexor tendons. T1 and T2-weighted signal intensity can vary from low (higher collagen to intermediate (higher cellularity, similar to the other fibromatoses. Plantar fibromatosis manifests as superficial lesions along the deep plantar aponeurosis, which typically blend with the adjacent plantar musculature. Linear tails of extension (“fascial tail sign” along the aponeurosis are frequent. Extraabdominal and abdominal wall fibromatosis often appear as a heterogeneous lesion with low signal intensity bands on all pulse sequences and linear fascial extensions (“fascial tail” sign with MR imaging. Mesenteric fibromatosis usually demonstrates a soft tissue density on CT with radiating strands projecting into the adjacent mesenteric fat. When imaging is combined with patient demographics, a diagnosis can frequently be obtained.

Sobre el mal radical. Ensayo de la heterodoxia kantiana

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Gómez Caffarena, José

2004-06-01

Full Text Available The kantian theory of a «radical evil inhabiting human nature» contrasts with a general anthropological optimistic tenor perceptible in kantian philosophy. It meant a significant turning point in the often too superficial optimistic trends of the Enlightenment. Hut its literal sense (appealing to an act of pre-individual freedom has an obvious difficulty. The present paper proposes an heterodox interpretation, which would avoid the difficulty, although so losing part of the tempting enigmatic reach of the kantian proposal.

La teoría del «mal radical en la naturaleza humana», expuesta por Kant en La religión dentro de los límites de la mera razón, hace contraste con el optimismo antropológico que empapa el Criticismo. Constituyó, sin duda, una importante denuncia frente a la banalidad de muchos optimismos ilustrados. Pero su letra (acto de libertad pre-individual tiene una obvia dificultad. El artículo propone una reinterpretación que la evitaría, aunque desdramatizando un tanto el tentador alcance enigmático de la propuesta kantiana.

Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of a superficially porous particle with unique, elongated pore channels normal to the surface.

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Wei, Ta-Chen; Mack, Anne; Chen, Wu; Liu, Jia; Dittmann, Monika; Wang, Xiaoli; Barber, William E

2016-04-01

In recent years, superficially porous particles (SPPs) have drawn great interest because of their special particle characteristics and improvement in separation efficiency. Superficially porous particles are currently manufactured by adding silica nanoparticles onto solid cores using either a multistep multilayer process or one-step coacervation process. The pore size is mainly controlled by the size of the silica nanoparticles and the tortuous pore channel geometry is determined by how those nanoparticles randomly aggregate. Such tortuous pore structure is also similar to that of all totally porous particles used in HPLC today. In this article, we report on the development of a next generation superficially porous particle with a unique pore structure that includes a thinner shell thickness and ordered pore channels oriented normal to the particle surface. The method of making the new superficially porous particles is a process called pseudomorphic transformation (PMT), which is a form of micelle templating. Porosity is no longer controlled by randomly aggregated nanoparticles but rather by micelles that have an ordered liquid crystal structure. The new particle possesses many advantages such as a narrower particle size distribution, thinner porous layer with high surface area and, most importantly, highly ordered, non-tortuous pore channels oriented normal to the particle surface. This PMT process has been applied to make 1.8-5.1μm SPPs with pore size controlled around 75Å and surface area around 100m(2)/g. All particles with different sizes show the same unique pore structure with tunable pore size and shell thickness. The impact of the novel pore structure on the performance of these particles is characterized by measuring van Deemter curves and constructing kinetic plots. Reduced plate heights as low as 1.0 have been achieved on conventional LC instruments. This indicates higher efficiency of such particles compared to conventional totally porous and

Effect of exposing pupae of flesh fly Parasarcophaga ruficornis F. to superficial X-rays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumar, K.; Srivastava, U.S.

1991-01-01

Irradiation of pupae of Parasarcophaga ruficornis with different doses of superficial X-rays leads to lethality and interference with moulting and metamorphosis. Younger pupae are more radiosensitive in respect of lethality and metamorphosis to older ones. (author). 12 ref., 9 figs., 1 tab

Criterios para la acreditación de laboratorios que realizan ensayos microbiológicos según NC-ISO/IEC 17025:00

OpenAIRE

Marlen Robert Pullés; Rogelio Mayarí Navarro; Victoria Martínez Morales

2006-01-01

En los últimos años, la búsqueda de indicadores del grado de contaminación microbiana de una muestra de agua, es uno de los aspectos en que más énfasis se ha hecho en los laboratorios de análisis de agua y aguas residuales. Es de vital importancia en la microbiología ambiental contar con un control de la calidad, dentro del cual, debe considerarse el método de ensayo, de modo que se garantice una óptima calidad de los datos resultantes. La determinación cuantitativa de la presencia de colifor...

Effect of superficial velocity on vaporization pressure drop with propane in horizontal circular tube

Science.gov (United States)

Novianto, S.; Pamitran, A. S.; Nasruddin, Alhamid, M. I.

2016-06-01

Due to its friendly effect on the environment, natural refrigerants could be the best alternative refrigerant to replace conventional refrigerants. The present study was devoted to the effect of superficial velocity on vaporization pressure drop with propane in a horizontal circular tube with an inner diameter of 7.6 mm. The experiments were conditioned with 4 to 10 °C for saturation temperature, 9 to 20 kW/m2 for heat flux, and 250 to 380 kg/m2s for mass flux. It is shown here that increased heat flux may result in increasing vapor superficial velocity, and then increasing pressure drop. The present experimental results were evaluated with some existing correlations of pressure drop. The best prediction was evaluated by Lockhart-Martinelli (1949) with MARD 25.7%. In order to observe the experimental flow pattern, the present results were also mapped on the Wang flow pattern map.

Ensayo experimental de la relación de gradiente para determinar el potencial de colmatación de un sistema suelo-geotextil

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Ernesto A. Parra P.

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Es bien conocida, por la ingeniería geotécnica, la necesidad de drenar cuanto más sea posible las masas coluviales para mantenerlas en equilibrio y disminuir la reptación de éstas. Como estrategia rutinaria para mejorar la estabilidad de estos taludes, se utilizan geotextiles como medio filtrante para el desarrollo de sistemas de drenaje. Es sabido que la correcta selección del geotextil candidato, no debe depender de las presiones comerciales ejercidas, sino de la aplicación metodológica de procedimientos de diseño, para definir unas condiciones de operación del sistema y evitar que el medio filtrante, en este caso el geotextil, se colmate o tapone con las partículas finas del suelo. Como resultados de este trabajo, se definen los riegos de colmatación de dos tipos de geotextiles, con diferentes suelos, encontrándose diferencias apreciables en su comportamiento, como resultado, se obliga a los diseñadores, que usen geotextiles, a tener en cuenta los dos en “Evaluation of geotextile filter behavior using the gradient ratio test” por Jonathan Fannin, Yoginder Vaid y P. Shi. Posteriormente se realizaron ensayos para evaluar el potencial de colmatación de varios sistemas suelo- geotextil e inferir las condiciones más favorables bajo las cuales la colmatación disminuye. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación se adoptó la metodología de ensayo propuesta por la ASTM D 5101-90, referida en el manual instructivo para el uso del permeámetro. La investigación está limitada a 8 tipos de suelo encontrados en la sabana de Bogotá susceptibles de ser utilizados con geotextiles (tejido de trama inserta y no tejido punzonado por agujas en la construcción de obras civiles con aplicaciones filtrantes. Seis de estos suelos fueron utilizados para la calibración del permeámetro. Las propiedades de los suelos y los geotextiles empleados se encuentran especificadas en el numeral cuatro de este trabajo. La utilidad de este proyecto radica en

Malignant degree of tumor and degree of trauma after HOLBT and TURBT treatment of superficial bladder cancer

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Yi-Qin Wang

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Objective: To assess the malignant degree of tumor and degree of trauma after holmium laser resection of bladder tumor (HOLBT and transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT treatment of superficial bladder cancer. Methods: A total of 76 cases of patients with superficial bladder cancer were included for study and divided into observation group 38 cases and control group 38 cases according to different surgical methods. Control group received TURBT, observation group received HOLBT, and then differences in the values of postoperative serum illness-related indicators, bladder cancer-related mRNA expression, bladder cancer tissue-related protein expression, surgical trauma-related indicators, etc. were compared between two groups. Results: Postoperative serum CIP2A, HGF, SE-cad, TSGF, DKK-1, YKL-40 and sFas values of observation group were lower than those of control group; postoperative focus HSG, p16 and MRP-1/CD9 mRNA expression levels of observation group were higher than those of control group while Med-19 mRNA expression level was lower than that of control group; postoperative focus ZEB1, Cripto-1, Sox2, Survivin, Livin and zeste protein expression levels of observation group were lower than those of control group while E-cadherin expression level was higher than that of control group; early postoperative FBG and HOMA-IR values of observation group were lower than those of control group while PTA and FIB values were higher than those of control group. Conclusions: HOLBT can effectively remove superficial bladder cancer foci and reduce the malignant degree of tumor, causes less surgical trauma and is an ideal surgical treatment of superficial bladder cancer.

Ensayos preliminares de germinación en Puya raimondii Harms (Bromeliaceae

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Mery L. Suni

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Puya raimondii Harms es una especie endémica de la zona altoandina de Perú y Bolivia, cuyas poblaciones y área de distribución se están reduciendo. Con el objetivo de contribuir al conocimiento de los mecanismos de propagación de la especie se realizaron estudios del efecto de la iluminación y estratificación en la germinación de sus semillas. Éstas se colectaron en el rodal de P. raimondii de Huashta Cruz (Pueblo Libre, Áncash en diciembre de 1999 y fueron almacenadas bajo condiciones de laboratorio en Lima, Perú, hasta el momento de los ensayos. Las semillas fueron desinfectadas con hipoclorito de sodio 2,6% y la germinación se realizó en placas petri con agua destilada estéril durante el año 2000. Los resultados preliminares muestran que las semillas de P. raimondii tienen altos valores de porcentaje e índice de velocidad de germinación al ser iluminadas. Efecto semejante tuvo estratificarlas por dos meses a 11 °C o incrementar el tiempo de almacenamiento hasta 8 meses pero resultó negativo aplicar los dos tratamientos a la vez. Se plantea que los altos contenidos de humedad de la semilla, temperatura de almacenamiento así como temperatura de germinación afectan negativamente los valores de germinación.

Processing speed and working memory span: their differential role in superficial and deep memory processes in schizophrenia.

Science.gov (United States)

Brébion, Gildas; Bressan, Rodrigo A; Pilowsky, Lyn S; David, Anthony S

2011-05-01

Previous work has suggested that decrement in both processing speed and working memory span plays a role in the memory impairment observed in patients with schizophrenia. We undertook a study to examine simultaneously the effect of these two factors. A sample of 49 patients with schizophrenia and 43 healthy controls underwent a battery of verbal and visual memory tasks. Superficial and deep encoding memory measures were tallied. We conducted regression analyses on the various memory measures, using processing speed and working memory span as independent variables. In the patient group, processing speed was a significant predictor of superficial and deep memory measures in verbal and visual memory. Working memory span was an additional significant predictor of the deep memory measures only. Regression analyses involving all participants revealed that the effect of diagnosis on all the deep encoding memory measures was reduced to non-significance when processing speed was entered in the regression. Decreased processing speed is involved in verbal and visual memory deficit in patients, whether the task require superficial or deep encoding. Working memory is involved only insofar as the task requires a certain amount of effort.

Synergistic responses of superficial chemistry and micro topography of titanium created by wire-type electric discharge machining.

Science.gov (United States)

Kataoka, Yu; Tamaki, Yukimichi; Miyazaki, Takashi

2011-01-01

Wire-type electric discharge machining has been applied to the manufacture of endosseous titanium implants as this computer associated technique allows extremely accurate complex sample shaping with an optimal micro textured surface during the processing. Since the titanium oxide layer is sensitively altered by each processing, the authors hypothesized that this technique also up-regulates biological responses through the synergistic effects of the superficial chemistry and micro topography. To evaluate the respective in vitro cellular responses on the superficial chemistry and micro topography of titanium surface processed by wire-type electric discharge, we used titanium-coated epoxy resin replica of the surface. An oxide layer on the titanium surface processed by wire-type electric discharge activated the initial responses of osteoblastic cells through an integrin-mediated mechanism. Since the mRNA expression of ALP on those replicas was up-regulated compared to smooth titanium samples, the micro topography of a titanium surface processed by wire-type electric discharge promotes the osteogenic potential of cells. The synergistic response of the superficial chemistry and micro topography of titanium processed by wire-type electric discharge was demonstrated in this study.

Biorremediación de suelos contaminados con hidrocarburos en clima frío y templado : Ensayo y evaluación de distintas estrategias

OpenAIRE

Dias, Romina Laura

2012-01-01

Objetivo general Aportar nuevos conocimientos que contribuyan al desarrollo y la optimización de estrategias de biorremediación de suelos contaminados con hidrocarburos, tanto en áreas de clima frío extremo (Antártida) como templado (La Plata). Objetivos específicos - Estudiar a escala laboratorio y en ensayos “on site”, tanto en suelos provenientes de áreas de clima frío extremo (Antártida) como de áreas de clima templado (La Plata), el efecto de la utili...

Efficacy and safety of a new superficial chemical peel using alpha-hydroxy acid, vitamin C and oxygen for melasma.

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Kim, Won-Serk

2013-02-01

Facial skin pigmentary disorders can be resistant to conventional treatment. Superficial chemical peel is an effective and safe treatment in pigmentary problems including melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and aging spots. To assess the efficacy and safety of new superficial chemical peel (Melasma peel, Theraderm®), this is composed of alpha-hydroxy acid (AHAs), vitamin C and oxygen for melasma. Twenty-five ethnic Korean patients (Fitzpatrick skin phototypes IV and V) with moderate to severe melasma were enrolled. The patients underwent four treatments at 1-2-week intervals for 8 weeks. Clinical improvement was evaluated on a 5-point scale by participants and by the same dermatologist, and adverse effects were checked during the study. Improvement in the degree of pigmentation, pores, and evenness were noted. Significant clinical improvement of hyperpigmentation was evident. No adverse effects were reported. New superficial chemical peel using AHAs, vitamin C and oxygen is an effective and very safe treatment for melasma.

Comparison between PIII superficial treatment and ceramic coating in creep test of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reis, D.A.P.; Moura Neto, C.; Silva, M.M.; Ueda, M.; Oliveira, V.S.; Couto, A.A.

2009-01-01

The objective of this work was evaluating the creep resistance of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy with superficial treatment of PIII superficial treatment and ceramic coating in creep test of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. It was used Ti-6Al-4V alloy as cylindrical bars under forged and annealing of 190 deg C by 6 hours condition and cooled by air. The Ti-6Al-4V alloy after the superficial treatment of PIII and ceramic coating was submitted to creep tests at 600°C and 250 and 319 MPa under constant load mode. In the PIII treatment the samples was put in a vacuum reactor (76 x 10 -3 Pa) and implanted by nitrogen ions in time intervals between 15 and 120 minutes. Yttria (8 wt.%) stabilized zirconia (YSZ) with a CoNiCrAlY bond coat was atmospherically plasma sprayed on Ti-6Al-4V substrates by Sulzer Metco Type 9 MB. The obtained results suggest the ceramic coating on Ti-6Al-4V alloy improved its creep resistance. (author)

Repair and Strengthening by Use of Superficial Fixed Laminates of Cracked Masonry Walls Sheared Horizontally-Laboratory Tests

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kubica, Jan; Kwiecien, Arkadiusz; Zajac, Boguslaw

2008-01-01

There are many methods of crack repairing in masonry structures. One of them is repair and strengthening by using of superficial fixed laminates, especially in case of masonry walls with plastering on their both sides. The initial laboratory tests of three different types of strengthening of diagonal cracked masonry wallettes are presented. Tests concerned three clay brick masonry walls subjected to horizontal shearing with two levels of precompression and strengthened by flexible polymer injection, superficial glass fixed by polymer fibre laminate plates and using of CRFP strips stiff fixed to the wall surface by polymer and stiff resin epoxy fixing are presented and discussed

Modification of a Superficial X-Ray Therapy Machine for Rectal Contact Therapy

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Barish, Robert J.; Donohue, Karen Episcopia

2015-01-15

X-ray therapy of superficial rectal cancers using a hand-held 50 kV contact unit (Philips RT-50) in a technique first described by Papillon had reached a point of widening clinical acceptability when the manufacturer of this equipment discontinued its production. To pursue this endocavitary approach to rectal therapy, technical modifications have to be made to conventional superficial x-ray therapy machines. Advantages over the original Papillon method include remote viewing of the lesion through the proctoscopic cone and a lower radiation exposure for the operator. We have evaluated a Bucky Combination Therapy Unit under conditions in which the operating voltage (65 kV), target skin distance (23.6 cm), and added filtration (0.39 mm Al) were selected in order to match as closely as possible the beam penetration characteristics of the “standard” (Papillon) technique. With this equipment, the thermal characteristics of the tube anode and housing limit the amount of radiation that can be delivered before a “rest period” for the machine is needed. In practice, 3 minutes of irradiation at an exposure rate of 500 R/min can be performed followed by an interval of 3 minutes before irradiation can be resumed.

Ensayo de disolución para las tabletas de Tilo ® elaboradas con extracto seco de Justicia pectoralis Jacq Dissolution Assay for Tilo ® tablets prepared with dry extract of Justicia pectoralis Jacq

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Jorge Enrique Rodríguez Chanfrau

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: el ensayo de disolución es una técnica analítica de empleo común en un laboratorio farmacéutico. Un proceso tecnológico para la elaboración de tabletas fue desarrollado. El ingrediente farmacéutico activo usado fue Tilo ® extracto seco. Objetivo: el objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar y validar un ensayo de disolución para evaluar la estabilidad y la calidad de dicho producto. Método: se utilizaron muestras de un lote experimental, un lote placebo y lotes pilotos de tabletas de Tilo ® de 100 mg. Se evaluaron como medios de disolución agua destilada y solución de ácido clorhídrico 0,1 mol/L, realizándose perfiles de disolución a 50, 75 y 100 rpm, empleándose los dos tipos de aparatos establecidos en la literatura para este ensayo (cesta y paleta. El contenido de cumarina fue analizado por HPLC. El ensayo fue validado según la USP. Resultados: los resultados mostraron que el agua destilada fue un medio de disolución adecuado, alcanzándose porcientos de disolución de la droga por encima del 85 % a los 30 minutos, no existiendo diferencias significativas entre los tipos de aparatos recomendados por la USP. Mientras que, los perfiles de disolución a diferentes tiempos y velocidades de agitación mostraron una liberación gradual del principio activo en el tiempo, donde a medida que se incrementa la velocidad de agitación, se incrementa el porcentaje de disolución de la droga en el medio. La validación del ensayo demostró que el mismo era específico y preciso. Conclusiones: se estableció como ensayo de disolución las siguientes condiciones de trabajo: Aparato: paleta, 100 rpm; medio: agua destilada, 500 mL; tiempo: 60 minutos y Temperatura: 37 ± 0,5 ºC.Introduction: dissolution testing is one of the most common analytical techniques performed in a pharmaceutical analytical laboratory. A technological process for the production of tablets was developed. The active pharmaceutical ingredient used was

Transforming growth factor β-induced superficial zone protein accumulation in the surface zone of articular cartilage is dependent on the cytoskeleton.

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McNary, Sean M; Athanasiou, Kyriacos A; Reddi, A Hari

2014-03-01

The phenotype of articular chondrocytes is dependent on the cytoskeleton, specifically the actin microfilament architecture. Articular chondrocytes in monolayer culture undergo dedifferentiation and assume a fibroblastic phenotype. This process can be reversed by altering the actin cytoskeleton by treatment with cytochalasin. Whereas dedifferentiation has been studied on chondrocytes isolated from the whole cartilage, the effects of cytoskeletal alteration on specific zones of cells such as superficial zone chondrocytes are not known. Chondrocytes from the superficial zone secrete superficial zone protein (SZP), a lubricating proteoglycan that reduces the coefficient of friction of articular cartilage. A better understanding of this phenomenon may be useful in elucidating chondrocyte dedifferentiation in monolayer and accumulation of the cartilage lubricant SZP, with an eye toward tissue engineering functional articular cartilage. In this investigation, the effects of cytoskeletal modulation on the ability of superficial zone chondrocytes to secrete SZP were examined. Primary superficial zone chondrocytes were cultured in monolayer and treated with a combination of cytoskeleton modifying reagents and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) 1, a critical regulator of SZP production. Whereas cytochalasin D maintains the articular chondrocyte phenotype, the hallmark of the superficial zone chondrocyte, SZP, was inhibited in the presence of TGFβ1. A decrease in TGFβ1-induced SZP accumulation was also observed when the microtubule cytoskeleton was modified using paclitaxel. These effects of actin and microtubule alteration were confirmed through the application of jasplakinolide and colchicine, respectively. As Rho GTPases regulate actin organization and microtubule polymerization, we hypothesized that the cytoskeleton is critical for TGFβ-induced SZP accumulation. TGFβ-mediated SZP accumulation was inhibited by small molecule inhibitors ML141 (Cdc42), NSC23766 (Rac1

Modelos de mantenimiento y reemplazo de equipos en mineria superficial

OpenAIRE

Llanque Maquera, Oscar Eloy; Llanque Maquera, Oscar Eloy

1999-01-01

El mantenimiento y reemplazamiento de equipos en Minería Superficie tiene una gran importada por el mismo hecho que se mueven volumen de material y por las altas inversiones hechas en maquinaria, a su vez por la influencia en los costos de operación. Por tal razón es el interés en desarrollar los modelos de mantenimiento y reemplazamiento de equipos en minería e implemento el mantenimiento predictivo, como una actividad complementaria a los mantenimientos que se realizan comúnmente como son p...

Intravascular ultrasound evaluation of JETSTREAM atherectomy removal of superficial calcium in peripheral arteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Maehara, Akiko; Mintz, Gary S; Shimshak, Thomas M; Ricotta, Joseph J; Ramaiah, Venkatesh; Foster, Malcolm T; Davis, Thomas P; Gray, William A

2015-05-01

Endovascular treatment of calcified femoral-popliteal disease is challenging. We sought to evaluate the mechanism of lumen gain when using the JETSTREAM Atherectomy System to treat calcified peripheral artery lesions. The JETSTREAM Calcium Study was a prospective, single-arm, multicentre study to evaluate the JETSTREAM Atherectomy System for severely calcified femoral-popliteal artery lesions, i.e., patients with claudication and lesions with superficial calcium >90° and >5 mm in length as determined by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). The 2.1 mm catheter was used in this study without distal protection. Fifty-five patients underwent angiographic screening: 26 (45%) met IVUS inclusion criteria. Angiographic calcium was moderate in eight cases and severe in 14, with no available data for four cases. Visual diameter stenosis was 86±9% pre-treatment, 37±13% post atherectomy, and 10±6% post adjunctive treatment (adjunctive PTA+stenting in eight and adjunct PTA alone in 16). IVUS showed lumen area increased from 6.6±3.7 mm2 to 10.0±3.6 mm2 (p=0.001): calcium reduction was responsible for 86±23% of the lumen increase. Although the superficial calcium arc did not change (151±70° to 146±71°, p=0.83), the arc of reverberation increased (23±20° to 65±40°, p=0.006), indicating device-related modification of calcium. Adjunctive balloon angioplasty was performed in 62% of the lesions, and stent implantation in 31%. In 11 cases with adjunctive balloon dilation, the MLA increased from 7.1 (6.4, 7.8) mm2 post atherectomy to 11.9 (10.3, 13.5) mm2 post balloon (pAtherectomy System increased lumen dimensions in moderately or severely calcified femoral-popliteal lesions by removing superficial calcium without major complications.

Superficies de titanio en implantes dentales de carga inmediata

OpenAIRE

Aparicio, C.; Padrós, A.; Planell Estany, Josep Anton; Gil, F.J.

2008-01-01

Se ha obtenido una capa de fosfato de calcio del mismo contenido mineral que el hueso en la superficie del implante dental de titanio, que tiene como consecuencia una muy rápida y eficaz osteointegración. Esta capa se ha obtenido mediante un método biomimético por vía termoquímica. La capa se une al substrato por enlace químico. Este hecho evita todos los inconvenientes de los métodos de recubrimiento convencionales (plasma spray, ablación láser...) cuya unión es por interacción mecánica, lo ...

An elemental abundance analysis of the superficially normal A star Vega

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adelman, S.J.; Gulliver, A.F.

1990-01-01

An elemental abundance analysis of Vega has been performed using high-signal-to-noise 2.4 A/mm Reticon observations of the region 4313-4809 A. Vega is found to be a metal-poor star with a mean underabundance of 0.60 dex. The He/H ratio of 0.03 as derived from He I 4472 A suggests that the superficial helium convection zone has disappeared and that radiative diffusion is producing the photospheric abundance anomalies. 45 refs

Utilidad de los ensayos de liberación de interferón gamma para la detección de tuberculosis en población pediátrica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gerardo Álvarez-Hernández

2015-11-01

Full Text Available El ensayo de liberación de interferón gamma es un método novedoso para el diagnóstico de la tuberculosis aunque su utilidad es incierta en población pediátrica. Objetivo: examinar la utilidad diagnóstica del QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT-G®, uno de los ensayos de liberación de interferón gamma comerciales, en población pediátrica del Estado de Sonora, México. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal con 160 menores de 19 años de edad, en un hospital de Sonora, México. Se compararon tres grupos, uno de pacientes con tuberculosis activa, otro con tuberculosis latente y uno más de controles hospitalizados. Los criterios de Stegen-Toledo fueron el estándar empleado. Se usó regresión logística multivariada para evaluar la asociación entre el QFT-G® y los predictores seleccionados. Resultados: la sensibilidad del QFT-G® en la tuberculosis activa fue de 76.9% y la especificidad de 90.3%. Para la tuberculosis latente la sensibilidad fue 25.0% y la especificidad de 98.6%. El QFT-G® mostró una concordancia moderada (K = 0.574 con el estándar. También mostró asociación con la radiografía de tórax sugestiva de tuberculosis (razón de momios ajustada 4.37, IC 95%: 1.42, 13.42 y con el hecho de ser caso de tuberculosis pulmonar (razón de momios ajustada 6.15, IC 95%: 1.90, 19.92. Conclusión: el ensayo de liberación de interferón gamma es un método útil para diagnosticar tuberculosis activa y puede emplearse para descartar tuberculosis latente en población pediátrica.

Medición del flujo de neutrinos cósmicos ultra energéticos mediante detectores de superficie

OpenAIRE

Pieroni, Pablo Emanuel

2016-01-01

Esta Tesis estudia la medición de neutrinos cósmicos ultra energéticos mediante detectores de superficie. Básicamente existen dos mecanismos a través de los cuales los neutrinos en el rango del EeV pueden inducir señales distinguibles a nivel de superficie. El primero consiste en la interacción de un neutrino en la atmósfera, via corrientes cargadas o neutras, y la subsiguiente producción de una cascada atmosférica extendida descendente. El segundo se basa en la interacción de un neutrino tau...

Effect of routine repeat transurethral resection for superficial bladder cancer: a long-term observational study.

Science.gov (United States)

Grimm, Marc-Oliver; Steinhoff, Christine; Simon, Xenia; Spiegelhalder, Philipp; Ackermann, Rolf; Vogeli, Thomas Alexander

2003-08-01

We determined the long-term outcome in patients with superficial bladder cancer (Ta and T1) undergoing routine second transurethral bladder tumor resection (ReTURB) in regard to recurrence and progression. We performed an inception cohort study of 124 consecutive patients with superficial bladder cancer undergoing transurethral resection and routine ReTURB (83) between November 1993 and October 1995 at a German university hospital. Immediately after transurethral resection all lesions were documented on a designed bladder map. ReTURB of the scar from initial resection and other suspicious lesions was performed at a mean of 7 weeks. Patients were followed until recurrence or death, or a minimum of 5 years. Residual tumor was found in 33% of all ReTURB cases, including 27% of Ta and 53% of T1 disease, and in 81% at the initial resection site. Five of the 83 patients underwent radical cystectomy due to ReTURB findings. The estimated risk of recurrence after years 1 to 3 was 18%, 29% and 32%, respectively. After 5 years 63% of the patients undergoing ReTURB were still disease-free (mean recurrence-free survival 62 months, median 87). Progression to muscle invasive disease was observed in only 2 patients (3%) after a mean observation of 61 months. These data suggest a favorable outcome regarding recurrence and progression in patients with superficial bladder cancer who undergo ReTURB. ReTURB is suggested at least in those at high risk when bladder preservation is intended.

Effects of immobilization on thickness of superficial zone of articular cartilage of patella in rats

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Khadija Iqbal

2012-01-01

Conclusion: Each segment of superficial zone behaves differentially on immobilization and remobilization. Perhaps a much longer duration of remobilization is required to reverse changes of immobilization in articular cartilage and plays a significant role in knee joint movements.

Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Corresponds to Drusen Location and Extent of Visual Field Defects in Superficial and Buried Optic Disc Drusen.

Science.gov (United States)

Malmqvist, Lasse; Wegener, Marianne; Sander, Birgit A; Hamann, Steffen

2016-03-01

Optic disc drusen (ODD) are hyaline deposits located within the optic nerve head. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning is associated with the high prevalence of visual field defects seen in ODD patients. The goal of this study was to investigate the characteristics of patients with ODD and to compare the peripapillary RNFL thickness to the extent of visual field defects and anatomic location (superficial or buried) of ODD. Retrospective, cross sectional study. A total of 149 eyes of 84 ODD patients were evaluated. Sixty-five percent were female and 76% had bilateral ODD. Of 149 eyes, 109 had superficial ODD and 40 had buried ODD. Peripapillary RNFL thinning was seen in 83.6% of eyes, where optical coherence tomography was performed (n = 61). Eyes with superficial ODD had greater mean peripapillary RNFL thinning (P ≤ 0.0001) and visual field defects (P = 0.002) than eyes with buried ODD. There was a correlation between mean peripapillary RNFL thinning and visual field defects as measured by perimetric mean deviation (R-0.66; P = 0.0001). The most frequent visual field abnormalities were arcuate and partial arcuate defects. Peripapillary RNFL thickness correlates with anatomic location (superficial or buried) of ODD. Frequency and extent of visual field defects corresponded with anatomic location of ODD and peripapillary RNFL thickness, suggesting increased axonal damage in patients with superficial ODD.

Superficial nephrons in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice facilitate in vivo multiphoton microscopy of the kidney.

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Ina Maria Schießl

Full Text Available Multiphoton microscopy (MPM offers a unique approach for addressing both the function and structure of an organ in near-real time in the live animal. The method however is limited by the tissue-specific penetration depth of the excitation laser. In the kidney, structures in the range of 100 µm from the surface are accessible for MPM. This limitation of MPM aggravates the investigation of the function of structures located deeper in the renal cortex, like the glomerulus and the juxtaglomerular apparatus. In view of the relevance of gene-targeted mice for investigating the function of these structures, we aimed to identify a mouse strain with a high percentage of superficially located glomeruli. The mean distance of the 30 most superficial glomeruli from the kidney surface was determined in 10 commonly used mouse strains. The mean depth of glomeruli was 118.4±3.4, 123.0±2.7, 133.7±3.0, 132.3±2.6, 141.0±4.0, 145.3±4.3, 148.9±4.2, 151.6±2.7, 167.7±3.9, and 207.8±3.2 µm in kidney sections from 4-week-old C3H/HeN, BALB/cAnN, SJL/J, C57BL/6N, DBA/2N, CD1 (CRI, 129S2/SvPas, CB6F1, FVB/N and NMRI (Han mice, respectively (n = 5 animals from each strain. The mean distance from the kidney surface of the most superficial glomeruli was significantly lower in the strains C3H/HeN Crl, BALB/cAnN, DBA/2NCrl, and C57BL/6N when compared to a peer group consisting of all the other strains (p<.0001. In 10-week-old mice, the most superficial glomeruli were located deeper in the cortex when compared to 4-week-old animals, with BALB/cAnN and C57BL/6N being the strains with the highest percentage of superficial glomeruli (25% percentile 116.7 and 121.9 µm, respectively. In summary, due to significantly more superficial glomeruli compared to other commonly used strains, BALB/cAnN and C57BL/6N mice appear to be particularly suitable for the investigation of glomerular function using MPM.

Ensayo sobre endurecimiento de adhesivos estructurales sometidos a cargas dinámicas

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Recuero, A.

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Carbon fibre reinforced polymers are increasingly replacing the steel reinforcing systems in the repair and strengthening of concrete structures thanks to their high strength/weight and stiffness/weight ratios, corrosion resistance, lightweight, and ease of handling and application. This paper presents a study on the behaviour of bridge concrete beams strengthened with CFRP sheets when the strengthening is made when traffic is acting so that the structure is subjected to dynamic loads while the adhesive is still fresh. No reduction in the effectiveness of the strengthening was observed in the tests.

Los polímeros reforzados con fibras de carbono se están utilizando cada vez más para el refuerzo de estructuras de hormigón, reemplazando a los sistemas tradicionales de refuerzo con acero. Esto es debido a sus altas resistencia y rigidez específicas, resistencia a la corrosión, ligereza y facilidad de manejo y puesta en obra. Este artículo presenta un estudio sobre el comportamiento de vigas de puentes reforzadas con bandas de CFRP mientras se mantiene el puente en servicio de manera que la estructura está sometida a cargas dinámicas con el adhesivo fresco. En los ensayos realizados se ha observado que las cargas dinámicas no afectan a la efectividad del refuerzo.

El tratamiento de las superficies pétreas en Venecia. Algunos casos de estudio

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Alessandra Quendolo

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudio comparado de las superficies pétreas de tres edificios venecianos, la Biblioteca de Sansovino, el Palacio Corner y el Arco Foscari, reúne interés y novedad ya que demuestra que las superficies ennegrecidas no sólo representan la presencia de fenómenos de degradación como costra negra y depósitos sino que, a menudo, corresponden a patinados intencionales aplicados para proteger la piedra o tratamientos de entonación del color realizados en posteriores intervenciones. El artículo supone una doble aportación a la cultura de la conservación: la existencia de una tradición de los tratamientos de protección y conservación de los paramentos de piedra y la necesidad actual de conservar la presencia de estos patinados intencionales.

Sociedades prehistóricas o históricas en las Californias. Ensayo de un momento de su historicidad

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Felipe I. Echenique March

1991-01-01

Full Text Available En la actualidad un buen número de textos que refieren descripciones de tiempos pretéritos son considerados como obras historiográficas de primera mano. Lo anterior los cubre con un halo de intocabilidad en cualquiera de sus partes, hasta no dejamos distinguir lo que son apreciaciones convertidas en dogma y juicios de valor de lo que sólo son descripciones más o menos plausibles de lo visto. El autor de este ensayo pretende desprenderse de esos prejuicios y se arriesga a proponer otra lectura de los clásicos, donde rescata de los textos las partes y referencias que considera alumbran una nueva manera de ver la historia de los naturales que poblaban y dominaban las Californias antes de la llegada de los españoles.

Major therapeutic effect of pentoxifylline-tocopherol association in the superficial radioinduced fibrosis: phase II test

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Delanian, S.; Balla-Mekias, S.; Maylin, C.; Lefaix, J.L.

1997-01-01

The association of pentoxifylline-tocopherol seems efficient in the reduction of the superficial human radioinduced fibrosis. This phase II invites to realize a randomized test and to a comparison with the results got with the dismutase superoxide. (N.C.)

Efecto de la velocidad y ángulo de impacto en la resistencia a corrosión - erosión de aceros inoxidables recubiertos con TiN

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José Ricardo Cano Rodas

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Fueron estudiados los mecanismos de degradación superficial en aceros inoxidables austenítico AISI 304 y martensítico AISI 420, con y sin recubrimiento cerámico de TiN, aplicado mediante técnica de deposición física de vapor PVD por arco pulsado, sometidos a erosión (solución de agua destilada con 30% en peso de partículas de sílice, corrosión (solución ½ M H2SO4 + 3.5% NaCl y efectos sinérgicos corrosión - erosión. Fue construido un dispositivo para realizar los ensayos descritos con la posibilidad de variar la velocidad y el ángulo medio de impacto de las partículas sobre la superficie de las muestras. Marcas características fueron observadas en las superficies desgastadas, siendo la condición de ángulo rasante la de mayor efecto nocivo tanto para las superficies desnudas como para las recubiertas con TiN. El nivel de deterioro superficial aumentó con la velocidad de impacto, al tiempo que se evidenció la importancia de la adherencia de las películas protectoras al substrato para la obtención de una buena resistencia a corrosiónerosión. La sinergia corrosión-erosión presentó, en algunas ocasiones, un efecto positivo para la superficie, ya que el impacto de las partículas duras causó intensa deformación plástica pero no consiguió remover material de la superficie.

Efecto de los inotrópicos sobre la mortalidad en falla cardiaca aguda. Metaanálisis en red de ensayos clínicos

OpenAIRE

Juan M. Sénior; Edison Muñoz; James Díaz

2017-01-01

Introducción: en pacientes con falla cardiaca aguda es necesario el uso de inotrópicos para lograr su estabilización. Objetivo: definir cuál de los medicamentos inotrópicos se asocia con menor mortalidad. Metodología: se realizó un metaanálisis en red con la aproximación frecuentista. La búsqueda sistemática incluyó PUBMED, EMBASE, CENTRAL, DARE, Epistemonikos, SieELO, LILACS y OpenGray. Se incluyeron ensayos clínicos con asignación aleatoria en pacientes con falla cardiaca aguda que re...

Modificaciones en la estructura superficial y la composición química de los implantes dentales de zirconio

OpenAIRE

Lazo, Sergio Daniel; Lazo, Gabriel Eduardo; Escudero Giachella, Ezequiel; Bentivenga, N.; Basal, Roxana Lía; Friso, Nélida Ester; Alfaro, Gabriel Enrique; Pazos, Fernando Ezequiel; Cuchetti, Diana; Amaro, Emilio Gustavo; Ivanov, Marcela; Butler, Teresa Adela

2015-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar las modificaciones estructurales de superficie y químicas en el diseño de los implantes de zirconio, para mejorar sus propiedades biodontológicas. Para el desarrollo del mismo se utilizaron 20 implantes de zirconio con el agregado de itrio, de 5 mm de diámetro y aproximadamente 9 mm de largo. Los implantes fueron elaborados por el método de CAD CAM, con doble coc ción durante el sinterizado. Posteriormente se observó la estructura superficial con la medi...

Superficial dorsal horn neurons with double spike activity in the rat.

Science.gov (United States)

Rojas-Piloni, Gerardo; Dickenson, Anthony H; Condés-Lara, Miguel

2007-05-29

Superficial dorsal horn neurons promote the transfer of nociceptive information from the periphery to supraspinal structures. The membrane and discharge properties of spinal cord neurons can alter the reliability of peripheral signals. In this paper, we analyze the location and response properties of a particular class of dorsal horn neurons that exhibits double spike discharge with a very short interspike interval (2.01+/-0.11 ms). These neurons receive nociceptive C-fiber input and are located in laminae I-II. Double spikes are generated spontaneously or by depolarizing current injection (interval of 2.37+/-0.22). Cells presenting double spike (interval 2.28+/-0.11) increased the firing rate by electrical noxious stimulation, as well as, in the first minutes after carrageenan injection into their receptive field. Carrageenan is a polysaccharide soluble in water and it is used for producing an experimental model of semi-chronic pain. In the present study carrageenan also produces an increase in the interval between double spikes and then, reduced their occurrence after 5-10 min. The results suggest that double spikes are due to intrinsic membrane properties and that their frequency is related to C-fiber nociceptive activity. The present work shows evidence that double spikes in superficial spinal cord neurones are related to the nociceptive stimulation, and they are possibly part of an acute pain-control mechanism.

Roles of PAD4 and NETosis in Experimental Atherosclerosis and Arterial Injury: Implications for Superficial Erosion.

Science.gov (United States)

Franck, Grégory; Mawson, Thomas L; Folco, Eduardo J; Molinaro, Roberto; Ruvkun, Victoria; Engelbertsen, Daniel; Liu, Xin; Tesmenitsky, Yevgenia; Shvartz, Eugenia; Sukhova, Galina K; Michel, Jean-Baptiste; Nicoletti, Antonino; Lichtman, Andrew; Wagner, Denisa; Croce, Kevin J; Libby, Peter

2018-06-22

Neutrophils likely contribute to the thrombotic complications of human atheromata. In particular, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) could exacerbate local inflammation and amplify and propagate arterial intimal injury and thrombosis. PAD4 (peptidyl arginine deiminase 4) participates in NET formation, but an understanding of this enzyme's role in atherothrombosis remains scant. This study tested the hypothesis that PAD4 and NETs influence experimental atherogenesis and in processes implicated in superficial erosion, a form of plaque complication we previously associated with NETs. Bone marrow chimeric Ldlr deficient mice reconstituted with either wild-type or PAD4-deficient cells underwent studies that assessed atheroma formation or procedures designed to probe mechanisms related to superficial erosion. PAD4 deficiency neither retarded fatty streak formation nor reduced plaque size or inflammation in bone marrow chimeric mice that consumed an atherogenic diet. In contrast, either a PAD4 deficiency in bone marrow-derived cells or administration of DNaseI to disrupt NETs decreased the extent of arterial intimal injury in mice with arterial lesions tailored to recapitulate characteristics of human atheroma complicated by erosion. These results indicate that PAD4 from bone marrow-derived cells and NETs do not influence chronic experimental atherogenesis, but participate causally in acute thrombotic complications of intimal lesions that recapitulate features of superficial erosion. © 2018 American Heart Association, Inc.

The Effects of Test Anxiety on Learning at Superficial and Deep Levels of Processing.

Science.gov (United States)

Weinstein, Claire E.; And Others

1982-01-01

Using a deep-level processing strategy, low test-anxious college students performed significantly better than high test-anxious students in learning a paired-associate word list. Using a superficial-level processing strategy resulted in no significant difference in performance. A cognitive-attentional theory and test anxiety mechanisms are…

Avaliação da classificação histológica da endometriose observada em implantes de mulheres portadoras de endometriose pélvica superficial e profunda Evaluation of the endometriosis histological classification observed in specimens of women affected by superficial and deeply infiltrating pelvic endometriosis

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Gil Kamergorodsky

2007-11-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: avaliar o padrão de diferenciação histológica em lesões de peritônio superficial e lesões de endometriose pélvica profunda (EPP, localizadas em ligamentos úteros-sacros, intestino (reto e sigmóide e septo retovaginal. MÉTODOS: estudo prospectivo não randomizado, que incluiu 139 pacientes. Foram obtidas 234 biópsias (179 com EPP - Grupo Profundas - e 55 com endometriose superficial - Grupo Superficiais. Das 179 lesões de EPP (Grupo Profundas, 15 foram obtidas do septo retovaginal, 72 de nódulos do reto e sigmóide e 92 de ligamentos útero-sacrais. As biópsias foram classificadas em glandulares bem diferenciadas, glandulares indiferenciadas, glandulares mistas e estromal, com base em uma classificação morfológica específica. RESULTADOS: no Grupo Profundas, 33,5% das biópsias apresentaram padrão glandular indiferenciado e 46,9%, padrão glandular misto. No Grupo Superficiais, houve predominância do padrão glandular diferenciado (41,8%. Comparando especificamente as diferentes localizações das biópsias de lesão de EPP (Grupo Profundas, notou-se que o padrão glandular misto foi predominante nos nódulos intestinais (61,1%. CONCLUSÕES: foi possível concluir que há predomínio de endometriose glandular bem diferenciada na endometriose superficial, predomínio da doença mista e indiferenciada na EPP e, especificamente estudando a endometriose de reto e sigmóide, houve predomínio da endometriose glandular mista.PURPOSE: to evaluate the histological differentiation pattern in superficial peritoneum lesions and in deeply infiltrating endometriosis (DIE in utero-sacral ligament, bowel (rectum and sigmoid colon and rectovaginal septum. METHODS: this prospective non-randomized study included 139 patients. Of the total, 234 biopsies were obtained (179 with DIE - Deeply Group - and 55 superficial endometriosis - Superficial Group. From the 179 DIE lesions (Depply Group, 15 were obtained from rectovaginal septum, 72

A self-controlled study of intralesional injection of diprospan combined with topical timolol cream for treatment of thick superficial infantile hemangiomas.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Peng; Yu, Qian; Huang, Huizhen; Zhang, Wenjie; Li, Wei

2018-04-30

Topical application of timolol cream is effective and convenient for treating superficial infantile hemangiomas. Intralesional injection of corticosteroids, such as diprospan, is useful for the treatment of superficia infantile hemangiomas without systemic side effects. We conducted a self-controlled study to investigate whether a combination of intralesional injection of diprospan with topical timolol 0.5% cream would be more efficient than timolol cream alone in thick superficial infantile hemangiomas. Thirty-eight patients with 39 thick superficial infantile hemangiomas were recruited. Each lesion was randomly divided into two equal parts: one part was treated with topical timolol 0.5% cream (timolol cream group), while the other part was treated with injection of diprospan combined with topical timolol 0.5% cream (combined treatment group). Infants were followed every 4 weeks to determine whether injections should be continued, and timolol cream was applied four times daily for 5 months. During 5 months of treatment, three specialist physicians were invited to evaluate the therapeutic effects. The combined treatment group showed better lesion involution than did the timolol cream group regarding lesion thickness and color of lesions. The combination of intralesional injection of diprospan with topical timolol 0.5% cream is a suitable and safe strategy for thick superficial infantile hemangiomas. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

CT-based needle marking of superficial intracranial lesions for minimal invasive neurosurgery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marquardt, G.; Wolff, R.; Schick, U.; Lorenz, R.

2000-01-01

A CT-based method of marking superficial intracranial lesions with a needle is presented. This form of neuronavigation can be applied in every neurosurgical centre. Owing to its rapid application it is also suitable for cases of emergency. The neurosurgical approach can be centred precisely over this lesion providing for a minimally invasive operation. The method has proved its efficacy in numerous cases of haematomas and cystic lesions. (author)

El impacto de los investigadores fieles a la industria farmacéutica en la ética y la calidad de los ensayos clínicos realizados en Latinoamérica

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Antonio Ugalde

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo explica las dificultades que tienen las farmacéuticas innovadoras para retribuir a sus accionistas con dividendos atractivos. El problema es el resultado de la caducidad de las patentes de los medicamentos estrella (blockbusters y las dificultades que tienen en desarrollar nuevos medicamentos estrella. Una solución que las empresas han encontrado es acelerar la ejecución de los ensayos clínicos para obtener, en el menor tiempo posible, el permiso de comercialización y así incrementar el tiempo monopólico de ventas de los nuevos medicamentos. En este contexto, los autores describen la forma en que las farmacéuticas innovadoras acortan el tiempo de ejecución de los ensayos en América Latina y las consecuencias en la calidad de los datos que se obtienen, en la protección de los derechos humanos de los sujetos de experimentación, y en el cumplimiento de los principios éticos aprobados en las declaraciones universales.

Impacto de la Entrevista Motivacional en la Adherencia de Pacientes Diabéticos Inactivos a la Actividad Física: Estudio Piloto de un Ensayo Clínico EMOACTIF – DM

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Anamaria Muñoz Flórez

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Este artículo investiga la factibilidad y aceptabilidad de un ensayo clínico para evaluar el impacto de la entrevista motivacional (EM en la adherencia a la actividad física (AF de pacientes inactivos con diabetes mellitus. En este ensayo se incluyeron treinta participantes; dieciséis recibieron em con refuerzo telefónico durante 4 semanas, los restantes recibieron cuidado convencional. Se evaluó AF, índice de masa corporal, nivel de glucosa en la sangre y autoeficacia hacia la AF. El grupo de intervención mostró mejoría significativa en la AF (p<.05 y el nivel de glucosa en la sangre (p<.05. Al tener en cuenta el cambio en imc para un estudio a gran escala, el cálculo de la muestra oscila entre 710 y 950 pacientes. Para estudios de menor escala, si se tiene en cuenta el cambio en METS, glucemia y autoeficacia, el cálculo de la muestra oscila entre 34 y 272 pacientes.

Differentiation between Superficial and Deep Lobe Parotid Tumors by Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Usefulness of the Parotid Duct Criterion

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Imaizumi, A.; Kuribayashi, A.; Okochi, K.; Yoshino, N.; Kurabayashi, T. (Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental Univ., Tokyo (Japan)); Ishii, J. (Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental Univ., Tokyo (Japan)); Sumi, Y. (Division of Oral and Dental Surgery, Dept. of Advanced Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi (Japan))

2009-08-15

Background: The location of a parotid tumor affects the choice of surgery, and there is a risk of damaging the facial nerve during surgery. Thus, differentiation between superficial and deep lobe parotid tumors is important for appropriate surgical planning. Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of using the parotid duct, in addition to the retromandibular vein, for differentiating between superficial and deep lobe parotid tumors on MR images. Material and Methods: Magnetic resonance images of 42 parotid tumors in 40 patients were reviewed to determine whether the tumor was located in the superficial or deep lobe. In each case, the retromandibular vein and the parotid duct were used to locate the tumor. The parotid duct was only used in cases where the tumor and the duct were visualized on the same image. Results: Using the retromandibular vein criterion, 71% of deep lobe and 86% of superficial lobe tumors were correctly diagnosed, providing an accuracy of 81%. However, the accuracy achieved when using the parotid duct criterion was 100%, although it could be applied to only 28 of the 42 cases. Based on these results, we defined the following diagnostic method: the parotid duct criterion is first applied, and for cases in which it cannot be applied, the retromandibular vein criterion is used. The accuracy of this method was 88%, which was better than that achieved using the retromandibular vein criterion alone. Conclusion: The parotid duct criterion is useful for determining the location of parotid tumors. Combining the parotid duct criterion with the retromandibular vein criterion might improve the diagnostic accuracy of parotid tumor location compared to using the latter criterion alone

Differentiation between Superficial and Deep Lobe Parotid Tumors by Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Usefulness of the Parotid Duct Criterion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Imaizumi, A.; Kuribayashi, A.; Okochi, K.; Yoshino, N.; Kurabayashi, T.; Ishii, J.; Sumi, Y.

2009-01-01

Background: The location of a parotid tumor affects the choice of surgery, and there is a risk of damaging the facial nerve during surgery. Thus, differentiation between superficial and deep lobe parotid tumors is important for appropriate surgical planning. Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of using the parotid duct, in addition to the retromandibular vein, for differentiating between superficial and deep lobe parotid tumors on MR images. Material and Methods: Magnetic resonance images of 42 parotid tumors in 40 patients were reviewed to determine whether the tumor was located in the superficial or deep lobe. In each case, the retromandibular vein and the parotid duct were used to locate the tumor. The parotid duct was only used in cases where the tumor and the duct were visualized on the same image. Results: Using the retromandibular vein criterion, 71% of deep lobe and 86% of superficial lobe tumors were correctly diagnosed, providing an accuracy of 81%. However, the accuracy achieved when using the parotid duct criterion was 100%, although it could be applied to only 28 of the 42 cases. Based on these results, we defined the following diagnostic method: the parotid duct criterion is first applied, and for cases in which it cannot be applied, the retromandibular vein criterion is used. The accuracy of this method was 88%, which was better than that achieved using the retromandibular vein criterion alone. Conclusion: The parotid duct criterion is useful for determining the location of parotid tumors. Combining the parotid duct criterion with the retromandibular vein criterion might improve the diagnostic accuracy of parotid tumor location compared to using the latter criterion alone

Excimer laser superficial keratectomy for proud nebulae in keratoconus.

Science.gov (United States)

Moodaley, L; Liu, C; Woodward, E G; O'Brart, D; Muir, M K; Buckley, R

1994-06-01

Contact lens intolerance in keratoconus may be due to the formation of a proud nebula at or near the apex of the cone. Excimer laser superficial keratectomy was performed as an outpatients with proud nebulae as treatment patients with proud nebulae as treatment for their contact lens intolerance. The mean period of contact lens wear before the development of intolerance was 13.4 years (range 2 to 27 years). Following the development of intolerance, three patients abandoned contact lens wear in the affected eye while the remainder experienced a reduction in comfortable wearing time (mean = 3.75 hours; range: 0-14 hours). All patients had good potential Snellen visual acuity with a contact lens of 6/9 (nine eyes) and 6/12 (one eye). The proud nebulae were directly ablated with a 193 nm ArF excimer laser using a 1 mm diameter beam. Between 100-150 pulses were sufficient to ablate the raised area. Patients experienced no pain during the procedure and reported minimal discomfort postoperatively. In all cases flattening of the proud nebulae was achieved. Seven patients were able to resume regular contact lens wear (mean wearing time = 10.17 hours; range 8 to 16 hours). In three patients, resumption of contact lens wear was unsuccessful because of cone steepness. All patients achieved postoperative Snellen visual acuity of 6/12 or better with a contact lens. Four patients experienced a loss of one line in Snellen acuity. The mean follow up period was 8.3 months (range 2 to 17 months). Excimer laser superficial keratectomy is a useful technique for the treatment of contact lens intolerance caused by proud nebulae in patients with keratoconus. Penetrating keratoplasty is thus avoided.

Sensoriamento remoto como subsídio à modelagem do balanço energético superficial

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Vassiliki Terezinha Galvão Boulomytis

2010-09-01

Full Text Available O balanço energético superficial interfere no funcionamento do sistema terrestre através da relação existente entre a água e a energia solar e do modo como ocorre o seu processo de partição. Para a sua estimativa, modelagens vêm sendo realizadas utilizando-se de um ou mais sensores com diferentes resoluções, a fim de se obter dados com resoluções temporal e espacial adequadas a uma escala local. Neste estudo serão apresentados modelos para estimar a evapotranspiração e outros parâmetros biofísicos através do balanço energético superficial com a utilização dos sensores MODIS e AMSR-E.

Análisis comparativo in vitro del grado de microfiltración entre un sistema adhesivo de quinta y séptima generación

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Gabriela Alvarado Ordoñez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el grado de microfiltración en adhesivos de quinta generación Adper Single Bond (3M ESPE y séptima generación Gc G-Bond (Gc Corp por medio de infiltración de colorantes y observación microscópica. Metodología: Se seleccionaron 30 piezas dentales sanas correspondientes a premolares y terceros molares. Las piezas dentarias fueron limpiadas y almacenadas en agua destilada. Se realizaron las preparaciones de una cavidad clase V en la superficie vestibular y lingual de cada diente. Se empleó el adhesivo Adper Single Bond (3M ESPE, quinta generación en la cavidad vestibular y Gc G-Bond (Gc Corp, séptima generación en la cavidad lingual, todas las piezas dentarias fueron restauradas con resina compuesta Valux Plus A3 (3M ESPE. La muestra fue sometida a penetración de colorante, azul de metileno al 2%, por 24 horas y se efectuó un corte en sentido mesiodistal y analizadas con microscopia óptica. Se empleó la prueba estadística t-student para muestras independientes y el análisis de las diferencias en los niveles de microfiltración marginal, con un nivel de significancia estadística del 95%(= 0.05. Los resultados se analizaron mediante el software SPSS. Resultados: Al analizar la resultados se observa que existe una diferencia significativa (P= 0,033 entre los sistemas adhesivos de quinta y séptima generación. Presentando los adhesivos de séptima generación (Gc G-Bond - Gc Corp valores menores de microfiltración. Conclusión: De los resultados obtenidos se puede concluir que adhesivos de quita generación (Adper Single Bond - 3M ESPE, como los de séptima generación (Gc G-Bond - Gc Corp presentan microfiltración al colorante. Presenta una microfiltración significativa menor el adhesivo Gc G-Bond.

Análisis comparativo in vitro del grado de microfiltración entre un sistema adhesivo de quinta y séptima generación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriela Alvarado Ordoñez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el grado de microfiltración en adhesivos de quinta generación Adper Single Bond (3M ESPE y séptima generación Gc G-Bond (Gc Corp por medio de infiltración de colorantes y observación microscópica. Metodología: Se seleccionaron 30 piezas dentales sanas correspondientes a premolares y terceros molares. Las piezas dentarias fueron limpiadas y almacenadas en agua destilada. Se realizaron las preparaciones de una cavidad clase V en la superficie vestibular y lingual de cada diente. Se empleó el adhesivo Adper Single Bond (3M ESPE, quinta generación en la cavidad vestibular y Gc G-Bond (Gc Corp, séptima generación en la cavidad lingual, todas las piezas dentarias fueron restauradas con resina compuesta Valux Plus A3 (3M ESPE. La muestra fue sometida a penetración de colorante, azul de metileno al 2%, por 24 horas y se efectuó un corte en sentido mesiodistal y analizadas con microscopia óptica. Se empleó la prueba estadística t-student para muestras independientes y el análisis de las diferencias en los niveles de microfiltración marginal, con un nivel de significancia estadística del 95%(p<= 0.05. Los resultados se analizaron mediante el software SPSS. Resultados: Al analizar la resultados se observa que existe una diferencia significativa (P= 0,033 entre los sistemas adhesivos de quinta y séptima generación. Presentando los adhesivos de séptima generación (Gc G-Bond - Gc Corp valores menores de microfiltración. Conclusión: De los resultados obtenidos se puede concluir que adhesivos de quita generación (Adper Single Bond - 3M ESPE, como los de séptima generación (Gc G-Bond - Gc Corp presentan microfiltración al colorante. Presenta una microfiltración significativa menor el adhesivo Gc G-Bond.

Evaluación del nivel de contaminación de superficies y la eficacia de productos desinfectantes a corto y largo plazo. Nuevos métodos

OpenAIRE

Ríos Castillo, Abel Guillermo

2013-01-01

La prevención de la contaminación bacteriana desde las superficies en los ambientes de elaboración de alimentos, industrias de este sector y ambientes domésticos, requiere de productos desinfectantes que sean efectivos frente a distintas especies microbianas, que sean seguros durante su empleo y que tengan acción bactericida residual para proteger a las superficies de la adhesión bacteriana. Asimismo, el empleo de superficies con propiedades antibacterianas que inhiban la formación de biofilm...

¡... Escucha, winka...! Cuatro ensayos de Historia Nacional. Mapuche y un epílogo sobre el futuro

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CARLOS RUIZ RODRÍGUEZ

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Tres de los autores son profesores de Historia y Geografía: Marimán, Caniuqueo y Millalén. Levil es sociólogo y dirigente de Wallmapuwen, organización que aspira a convertirse en un partido político mapuche. Se trata de cuatro ensayos, a cargo de cada uno de los autores, y un epílogo de conjunto. La primera parte trata de “la sociedad mapuche prehispánica: kimün, arqueología y etnohistoria”, a cargo de Millalén (pp. 17-52. La sigue, “Los mapuche antes de la conquista militar chileno-argentina”, por Marimán (53-127. Caniuqueo publica “Siglo XX en Gulumapu: de la fragmentación del Wallmapu a la unidad nacional mapuche. 1880-1978” (129-217. Concluye Levil, con “Sociedad mapuche contemporánea” (219-252...

[Superficial mycoses: casuistry of the Mycology Department of the Instituto Nacional de Higiene "Rafael Rangel", Caracas, Venezuela (2001-2014)].

Science.gov (United States)

Capote, Ana María; Ferrara, Giuseppe; Panizo, María Mercedes; García, Nataly; Alarcón, Víctor; Reviakina, Vera; Dolande, Maribel

2016-03-01

The superficial mycoses are very common infectious diseases and therefore are a frequent reason for medical consultation. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic frequency of superficial mycoses in the Mycology Department of the Instituto Nacional de Higiene "Rafael Rangel" during 14 years (2001-2014). A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed to review the mycological records of patients with presumptive diagnosis of superficial mycosis. Nails, hairs and epidermal scales were the processed samples. The identification of fungi was performed by macro and microscopic observation of colonies and biochemical and physiological tests, as required of the isolated agent. For the investigation of Malassezia spp. only direct examination was performed. Of the 3 228 samples processed, 1 098 (34%) were positive and their distribution according to the etiological agent was: dermatophytes 79.5%; 10.9% yeasts; non-dermatophytes fungi 5.1% and 4.5% Malassezia spp. The most frequently isolated dermatophyte was Trichophyton rubrum Complex (70.1%), followed by T mentagrophytes complex (15.1%), Microsporum canis (9.4%) and Epidermophyton floccosum (4%). The most frequent ringworms Were: Tinea unguium (66.8%), followed by Tineapedis (16.4%) and Tinea capitis (8.1%). Candida parapsilosis complex (37.5%) was the most frequently isolated yeast and Fusarium spp. (53.6%) was the most isolated among non-dermatophyte fungi, followed by Aspergillus spp. (19.6%) and Acremonium spp. (10.7%). The identification of the etiological agent is essential to guide appropriate treatment. This study constitutes an important contribution to the knowledge of the epidemiology of superficial mycoses in our country.

Standard hardness conversion tables for metals relationship among brinell hardness, vickers hardness, rockwell hardness, superficial hardness, knoop hardness, and scleroscope hardness

CERN Document Server

American Society for Testing and Materials. Philadelphia

2007-01-01

1.1 Conversion Table 1 presents data in the Rockwell C hardness range on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwell superficial hardness, Knoop hardness, and Scleroscope hardness of non-austenitic steels including carbon, alloy, and tool steels in the as-forged, annealed, normalized, and quenched and tempered conditions provided that they are homogeneous. 1.2 Conversion Table 2 presents data in the Rockwell B hardness range on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwell superficial hardness, Knoop hardness, and Scleroscope hardness of non-austenitic steels including carbon, alloy, and tool steels in the as-forged, annealed, normalized, and quenched and tempered conditions provided that they are homogeneous. 1.3 Conversion Table 3 presents data on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwell superficial hardness, and Knoop hardness of nickel and high-nickel alloys (nickel content o...

A prospective intra-individual evaluation of silk compared to Biobrane for the treatment of superficial burns of the hand and face.

Science.gov (United States)

Schiefer, Jennifer Lynn; Arens, Elena; Grigutsch, Daniel; Rath, Rebekka; Hoffmann, Alexandra; Fuchs, Paul Christian; Schulz, Alexandra

2017-05-01

An ever-increasing number of commercially available dressings have been applied to treat superficial burns with the aim to reduce pain and inflammation and lead to a fast wound healing and scar reduction. Nevertheless the search for cheap and effective wound dressing proceeds. Dressilk ® consisting of silkworm silk showed good results for wound healing in regards to scarring, biocompatibility and reduction of inflammation and pain. Therefore it seemed to be an interesting product for the treatment of superficial burns. In a prospective intra-individual study the healing of superficial burns was evaluated after the treatment with Dressilk ® and Biobrane ® in 30 patients with burns of the hand and face. During wound healing pain, active bleeding, exudation, dressing change and inflammation were evaluated using the Verbal Rating Scale 1-10. Three months later scar appearance was assessed by VSS (Vancouver Scar Scale) and POSAS (Patient and Observer Scar Scale). With regard to re-epithelialization, pain, inflammation and acute bleeding both dressings were equivalent. High subjective satisfaction rates were reported for both Dressilk ® and Biobrane ® dressings in regard to comfort and mobility of the face. Biobrane ® , applied as a glove was subjectively preferred for burns of the hand. Regarding their cost efficiency Dressilk ® was clearly superior to Biobrane ® . Long-term results were similar. The "ideal" wound dressing maximizes patients' comfort while reducing pain and promoting wound healing. Dressilk ® and Biobrane ® both provided an effective and safe healing environment, showing low overall complication rates with respect to infection and exudation on superficial burns of the hand and face. Therefore Dressilk ® , being clearly superior to Biobrane ® in cost efficiency is an interesting alternative especially for the treatment of superficial burns of faces. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved.

Medida de distensibilidad en pulmones aislados de rata: demostración del efecto de la tensión superficial

OpenAIRE

Araya, Romina Elizabeth; De Francesco, Pablo Nicolás; Smaldini, Paola Lorena; Iarossi, M. B.; Lastra, María Laura; Pérez, Pablo Fernando; Rebolledo, Alejandro; Rinaldi, Gustavo

2016-01-01

Uno de los TP de nuestra Cátedra consiste en la medición de la distensibilidad de un pulmón aislado de rata. La interfase aire-líquido en la superficie alveolar determina la existencia de tensión superficial (TS) en el líquido, la cual disminuye la distensibilidad pulmonar (DP). Si bien el surfactante pulmonar disminuye la TS, ésta continúa siendo importante. Los métodos para medir la TS de un líquido suelen ser bastante dificultosos (Ej: balanza de torsión de Du Noüy). El objetivo de este...

Comparison of four different nerve conduction techniques of the superficial fibular sensory nerve.

Science.gov (United States)

Saffarian, Mathew R; Condie, Nathan C; Austin, Erica A; Mccausland, Katie E; Andary, Michael T; Sylvain, James R; Mull, Iian R; Zemper, Eric D; Jannausch, Mary L

2017-09-01

There are many different nerve conduction study (NCS) techniques to study the superficial fibular sensory nerve (SFSN). We present reference distal latency values and comparative data regarding 4 different NCS for the SFSN. Four different NCS techniques, Spartan technique, Izzo techniques (medial and intermediate dorsal cutaneous branches), and Daube technique, were performed on (114) healthy volunteers. A total of 108 subjects with 164 legs were included. The mean latency of the Spartan technique was longest (3.9 ± 0.3 ms) while the Daube technique was the shortest (3.6 ± 0.7 ms). The mean amplitude of the Daube technique displayed the highest (15.2 ± 8.2 μV) with the Spartan technique having the lowest (8.7 ± 4.2 μV). Among the absent sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs), the Spartan technique was absent only twice (1.2%) and the Izzo Medial technique was absent more than the other techniques (2.9%). All 4 techniques were reliable methods for obtaining the superficial fibular nerve SNAP, present in 95% of individuals. Muscle Nerve 56: 458-462, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Improving superficial target delineation in radiation therapy with endoscopic tracking and registration

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weersink, R. A.; Qiu, J.; Hope, A. J.; Daly, M. J.; Cho, B. C. J.; DaCosta, R. S.; Sharpe, M. B.; Breen, S. L.; Chan, H.; Jaffray, D. A. [Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada) and Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada); Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada); Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada); Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada); Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada) and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada); Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada and Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada); Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada) and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada); Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada); Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada); Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada) and Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9 (Canada)

2011-12-15

Purpose: Target delineation within volumetric imaging is a critical step in the planning process of intensity modulated radiation therapy. In endoluminal cancers, endoscopy often reveals superficial areas of visible disease beyond what is seen on volumetric imaging. Quantitatively relating these findings to the volumetric imaging is prone to human error during the recall and contouring of the target. We have developed a method to improve target delineation in the radiation therapy planning process by quantitatively registering endoscopic findings contours traced on endoscopic images to volumetric imaging. Methods: Using electromagnetic sensors embedded in an endoscope, 2D endoscopic images were registered to computed tomography (CT) volumetric images by tracking the position and orientation of the endoscope relative to a CT image set. Regions-of-interest (ROI) in the 2D endoscopic view were delineated. A mesh created within the boundary of the ROI was projected onto the 3D image data, registering the ROI with the volumetric image. This 3D ROI was exported to clinical radiation treatment planning software. The precision and accuracy of the procedure was tested on two solid phantoms with superficial markings visible on both endoscopy and CT images. The first phantom was T-shaped tube with X-marks etched on the interior. The second phantom was an anatomically correct skull phantom with a phantom superficial lesion placed on the pharyngeal surface. Markings were contoured on the endoscope images and compared with contours delineated in the treatment planning system based on the CT images. Clinical feasibility was tested on three patients with early stage glottic cancer. Image-based rendering using manually identified landmarks was used to improve the registration. Results: Using the T-shaped phantom with X-markings, the 2D to 3D registration accuracy was 1.5-3.5 mm, depending on the endoscope position relative to the markings. Intraobserver standard variation was 0

Metodologia para obtenção do hidrograma de escoamento superficial em encostas e canais. Parte II: modelo computacional e análise de sensibilidade Methodology for obtention of superficial flow hydrograph in hillsides and canals. Part II: computer model and sensitivity analysis

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José M. A. Silva

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Estimativas de vazão máxima de escoamento superficial são necessárias para o projeto de obras hidráulicas em bacias urbanas e rurais. A dificuldade em aplicar os procedimentos disponíveis para calcular a variação do escoamento superficial com o tempo e de seu valor máximo deve-se à inexatidão dos métodos usados para esse objetivo e à variabilidade nos resultados que podem ser obtidos por profissionais que usem o mesmo procedimento. Dessa forma, a investigação de um método que produza estimativas confiáveis da vazão máxima e do hidrograma de escoamento superficial é de grande interesse. Neste trabalho, desenvolveu-se e avaliou-se a sensibilidade de um software (HIDROGRAMA 2.1 que permite a obtenção do hidrograma de escoamento superficial, da vazão máxima e seu tempo de ocorrência, da altura e da velocidade máximas do escoamento, do volume e da lâmina de escoamento superficial em encosta e em canais. O modelo apresentou grande sensibilidade ao período de retorno, à taxa de infiltração estável e ao comprimento da encosta e do canal.Estimative of maximum runoff flow rates are essential for the projects of hydraulic urban and rural basins. The difficulty in applying the available procedures to estimate the temporary variation of the flow rate and its maximum value is due to the inaccuracy of some methods that are usually used and to the big variability of results that can be obtained by different professionals that use the same procedures. Therefore, research of a method that produces trustworthy assessment of peak-flow rates and hydrographs is of great interest. This paper describes the development and sensitivity analysis of a software (HIDROGRAMA 2.1 that allows obtaining surface runoff hydrograph, peak flow rate and its time of occurrence, runoff maximum height, runoff velocity and runoff volume. The model presented great sensibility to precipitation return period, infiltration rate after long time of wetting and

New methodology for mechanical characterization of human superficial facial tissue anisotropic behaviour in vivo.

Science.gov (United States)

Then, C; Stassen, B; Depta, K; Silber, G

2017-07-01

Mechanical characterization of human superficial facial tissue has important applications in biomedical science, computer assisted forensics, graphics, and consumer goods development. Specifically, the latter may include facial hair removal devices. Predictive accuracy of numerical models and their ability to elucidate biomechanically relevant questions depends on the acquisition of experimental data and mechanical tissue behavior representation. Anisotropic viscoelastic behavioral characterization of human facial tissue, deformed in vivo with finite strain, however, is sparse. Employing an experimental-numerical approach, a procedure is presented to evaluate multidirectional tensile properties of superficial tissue layers of the face in vivo. Specifically, in addition to stress relaxation, displacement-controlled multi-step ramp-and-hold protocols were performed to separate elastic from inelastic properties. For numerical representation, an anisotropic hyperelastic material model in conjunction with a time domain linear viscoelasticity formulation with Prony series was employed. Model parameters were inversely derived, employing finite element models, using multi-criteria optimization. The methodology provides insight into mechanical superficial facial tissue properties. Experimental data shows pronounced anisotropy, especially with large strain. The stress relaxation rate does not depend on the loading direction, but is strain-dependent. Preconditioning eliminates equilibrium hysteresis effects and leads to stress-strain repeatability. In the preconditioned state tissue stiffness and hysteresis insensitivity to strain rate in the applied range is evident. The employed material model fits the nonlinear anisotropic elastic results and the viscoelasticity model reasonably reproduces time-dependent results. Inversely deduced maximum anisotropic long-term shear modulus of linear elasticity is G ∞,max aniso =2.43kPa and instantaneous initial shear modulus at an

Photoluminescence of acupoint 'Waiqiu' in human superficial fascia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Yuan; Yan Xiaohui; Liu Chenglin; Dang Ruishan; Zhang Xinyi

2006-01-01

The spectral characters of an acupuncture point named 'Waiqiu' in superficial fascia tissue have been studied by photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy under the excitation of 457.9 nm. The PL around 'Waiqiu' acupuncture point consists of two sub-bands resulting from the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and phospholipids, and the porphyrins (including purine, isoxanthopterin and tryptophan), respectively. More emission due to FAD and phospholipids is found inside the acupuncture effect area of 'Waiqiu' than its marginal or outside acupuncture regions. The ratio of emission intensity of FAD and phospholipids to one of porphyrins gradually decreases along the direction away from the center of the acupuncture point. It implies that the component proportion changes between FAD, phospholipids and porphyrins around the 'Waiqiu' acupuncture point. We suggest that there might be a certain relationship between redox function of FAD and 'Waiqiu' acupuncture effect

Modelamiento de la cinética de desinfección superficial de tomates (Lycopersicum esculentum frescos usando soluciones de cloro

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Miguel Ángel Solano Cornejo

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Tomates frescos variedad italiana fueron sometidos a procesos de desinfección superficial utilizando soluciones de h ipoclorito de c alcio para determinar su eficiencia germicida y la cinética que gobierna el proceso de inactivación superficial en gérmenes a erobios mesófilos, levaduras y mohos. El cloro como desinfectante superficial fue eficaz contra bacterias aerobias mesófilas, levaduras y mohos en ese orden, la resistencia de los gérmenes aerobios mesófilos, de las levaduras y de los mohos expresados en s us valores z cloro fue de 455, 500 y 625 ppm respectivamente. Los gérmenes aerobios mesófilos presentes en la superficie del tomate muestran una mayor resistencia a la desinfección por c loro conforme el tiempo de contacto germen - cáscara es mayor, debido a u na mayor adherencia a la cáscara lo que dificulta la acción de c loro sobre los gérmenes; esté efecto no se presentó en el caso de l evaduras ni de m ohos . Los valores D cloro 20ºC experimentales y los valores D cloro 20ºC predichos por el P rimer M odelo de Bige low se ajustaron con una correlación de entre 0 , 91 y 0 , 99. Los valores z cloro experimentales y los v alores z cloro predichos por el S egundo Modelo de Bigelow se ajustaron con una correlación de 0 , 72 a 0 , 86. La variabilidad en los valores z cloro se debió a que los gérmenes analizados para validar el m odelo propuesto estuvieron compuestos por diversos géneros. Así , el Método de Bigelow aplicado a la cinética de inactivación superficial con c loro fue validado.

Oxidación de propileno sobre catalizadores Pt-Cu/y-alúmina. Primera Parte: Caracterización de catalizadores de Pt-Cu/y-alúmina por quimisorción de H2

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis M. Carballo

1999-09-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se analiza el efecto de la composición de catalizadores de Pt-Cu/y-alúmina sobre el área superficial reactiva correspondiente a la oxidación total de propileno. Los ensayos experimentales se efectuaron en un reactor diferencial que se usó tanto para la caracterización del catalizador "in situ" mediante la medición de la quimisorción selectiva de H2. Además, se discuten los efectos y las interacciones bimetálicas que ocurren con frecuencia en los catalizadores soportados. A partir de los estudios de adsorción química de H2 sobre los catalizadores soportados de Pt-Cu se encontró, mediante la aplicación de la teoría de la solución regular a la superficie de los cristales y teniendo en cuenta que el H2 se adsorbe químicamente solamente sobre los átomos superficiales de Pt (se observó que el hidrógeno no se quimisorbe sobre el Cu, que los átomos de Cu se segregan a la superficie de los cristalitos bimetálicos.

Superficial plantar cutaneous sensation does not trigger barefoot running adaptations.

Science.gov (United States)

Thompson, M A; Hoffman, K M

2017-09-01

It has long been proposed that the gait alterations associated with barefoot running are mediated by alterations in sensory feedback, yet there has been no data to support this claim. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the role of superficial plantar cutaneous feedback in barefoot and shod running. 10 healthy active subjects (6 male, 4 female); mass: 65.2+9.7kg; age: 27+7.1years participated in this study. 10 over-ground running trials were completed in each of the following conditions: barefoot (BF), shod (SHOD), anesthetized barefoot (ANEST BF) and anesthetized shod (ANEST SHOD). For the anesthetized conditions 0.1-0.3mL of 1% lidocaine was injected into the dermal layer of the plantar foot below the metatarsal heads, lateral column and heel. 3-dimensional motion analysis and ground reaction force (GRF) data were captured as subjects ran over a 20m runway with a force plate at 12m. Kinematic and kinetic differences were analyzed via two-way repeated measure ANOVAs. The differences in gait between the BF and SHOD conditions were consistent with previous research, with subjects exhibiting a significant decrease in stride length and changing from rearfoot strike when SHOD to fore/midfoot strike when BF. Additionally, BF running was associated with decreased impact peak magnitudes and peak vertical GRFs. Despite anesthetizing the plantar surface, there was no difference between the BF and ANEST BF conditions in terms of stride length, foot strike or GRFs. Superficial cutaneous sensory receptors are not primarily responsible for the gait changes associated with barefoot running. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Thrombophlebitis of the penile superficial vein, penile mondor's disease: a case report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Sang Hyun; Kim, Young Hwa; Kim, Doo Sang; Shin, Hyung Chul; Bae, Won Kyung; Kim, Il Young [Soonchunhyang University, Chunan (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Hyun Cheol [Kyung-Hee University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2007-07-15

Mondor's disease is commonly known as thrombophlebitis of the superficial vein in the breast, and this disease occurs rarely in the penis. Despite extensive information about the clinical presentation and course of this disease, imaging findings for this disease are limited. We report gray scale and power Doppler sonographic findings of penile Mondor's disease.

The relation between histological, tumor-biological and clinical parameters in deep and superficial leiomyosarcoma and leiomyoma.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pijpe, Justin; Broers, Gerben H Torn; Plaat, Boudewijn E Ch; Hundeiker, M; Otto, F; Mastik, Mirjam F; Hoekstra, Harald J; Graaf, Winette T A van der; van den Berg, Eva; Molenaar, Willemina M

2002-01-01

Purpose: Leiomyosarcomas (LMS) of deep and superficial tissues were examined to identify prognostic markers explaining their different biological behaviour and to define differences between cutaneous and subcutaneous LMS. LMS and leiomyomas (LM) of the skin were compared to and consistent

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the superficial femoral artery by retrograde catheterization via the popliteal artery

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tønnesen, K H; Sager, P; Karle, A

1988-01-01

We report the results of 50 angioplasty procedures via the popliteal artery. A 3-year follow-up including control of blood pressures at ankle and toe levels show results comparable to reports in the literature. This new approach for angioplasty of the superficial femoral artery and eventually of ...

Clima y temperatura sub-superficial del mar en Bahía Culebra, Golfo de Papagayo, Costa Rica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eric J. Alfaro

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Bahía Culebra, Golfo de Papagayo, Costa Rica es una región de afloramiento estacional. Para determinar la relación entre el clima y la variabilidad de la temperatura sub-superficial, se analizaron los registros de la temperatura sub-superficial del mar de nueve estaciones localizadas en la Bahía. El análisis permitió caracterizar su ciclo anual y explorar su relación con fuentes de variabilidad climática que influencian el clima regional para el periodo 1998-2010. Los resultados se contextualizaron usando además los datos de una estación meteorológica automática que funcionó en la bahía junto con el registro de la temperatura superficial del mar para una rejilla que cubre la región de 9-11°N, 85-87°W, para el periodo 1854-2011. Debido a la tendencia positiva encontrada en la región para la temperatura superficial del mar, se concluye que los resultados mostrados asociados a los ciclos anuales y diarios en Bahía Culebra deben ser interpretados bajo un escenario de cambio climático, asociado a un calentamiento ocurrido desde 1854, además coherente con lo observado globalmente, y que su variabilidad climática está influenciada no sólo por aquella ligada a la de El Niño-Oscilación del Sur, en el Pacífico Ecuatorial, sino también por influencias de tipo atmosférico relacionadas con la variabilidad en el Océano Atlántico, debido a que los eventos cálidos (fríos en Bahía Culebra tienden a ocurrir en concordancia con anomalías positivas y negativas (negativas y positivas de los índices Niño 3.4 y OAN, respectivamente.

Tensión superficial: un modelo experimental con materiales sencillos

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Esteban Szigety

2012-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se presenta una propuesta didáctica basada en una actividad experimental utilizando materiales de muy bajo costo, orientada a lograr que los alumnos comprendan e interpreten el fenómeno de tensión superficial conjuntamente con la importancia de la modelización en ciencias. Tiene como objetivo principal de enseñanza acercar al alumno a la mecánica de los fluidos estáticos y las fuerzas intermoleculares, combinando contenidos científicos con cuestiones cercanas al estudiante lo que proporciona una motivación adicional a la reflexión de la investigación científica.

Too Deep or Not Too Deep?: A Propensity-Matched Comparison of the Analgesic Effects of a Superficial Versus Deep Serratus Fascial Plane Block for Ambulatory Breast Cancer Surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Abdallah, Faraj W; Cil, Tulin; MacLean, David; Madjdpour, Caveh; Escallon, Jaime; Semple, John; Brull, Richard

2018-07-01

Serratus fascial plane block can reduce pain following breast surgery, but the question of whether to inject the local anesthetic superficial or deep to the serratus muscle has not been answered. This cohort study compares the analgesic benefits of superficial versus deep serratus plane blocks in ambulatory breast cancer surgery patients at Women's College Hospital between February 2014 and December 2016. We tested the joint hypothesis that deep serratus block is noninferior to superficial serratus block for postoperative in-hospital (pre-discharge) opioid consumption and pain severity. One hundred sixty-six patients were propensity matched among 2 groups (83/group): superficial and deep serratus blocks. The cohort was used to evaluate the effect of blocks on postoperative oral morphine equivalent consumption and area under the curve for rest pain scores. We considered deep serratus block to be noninferior to superficial serratus block if it were noninferior for both outcomes, within 15 mg morphine and 4 cm·h units margins. Other outcomes included intraoperative fentanyl requirements, time to first analgesic request, recovery room stay, and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Deep serratus block was associated with postoperative morphine consumption and pain scores area under the curve that were noninferior to those of the superficial serratus block. Intraoperative fentanyl requirements, time to first analgesic request, recovery room stay, and postoperative nausea and vomiting were not different between blocks. The postoperative in-hospital analgesia associated with deep serratus block is as effective (within an acceptable margin) as superficial serratus block following ambulatory breast cancer surgery. These new findings are important to inform both current clinical practices and future prospective studies.

Engineering cartilaginous grafts using chondrocyte-laden hydrogels supported by a superficial layer of stem cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Mesallati, Tariq; Buckley, Conor T; Kelly, Daniel J

2017-05-01

During postnatal joint development, progenitor cells that reside in the superficial region of articular cartilage first drive the rapid growth of the tissue and later help direct the formation of mature hyaline cartilage. These developmental processes may provide directions for the optimal structuring of co-cultured chondrocytes (CCs) and multipotent stromal/stem cells (MSCs) required for engineering cartilaginous tissues. The objective of this study was to engineer cartilage grafts by recapitulating aspects of joint development where a population of superficial progenitor cells drives the development of the tissue. To this end, MSCs were either self-assembled on top of CC-laden agarose gels (structured co-culture) or were mixed with CCs before being embedded in an agarose hydrogel (mixed co-culture). Porcine infrapatellar fat pad-derived stem cells (FPSCs) and bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) were used as sources of progenitor cells. The DNA, sGAG and collagen content of a mixed co-culture of FPSCs and CCs was found to be lower than the combined content of two control hydrogels seeded with CCs and FPSCs only. In contrast, a mixed co-culture of BMSCs and CCs led to increased proliferation and sGAG and collagen accumulation. Of note was the finding that a structured co-culture, at the appropriate cell density, led to greater sGAG accumulation than a mixed co-culture for both MSC sources. In conclusion, assembling MSCs onto CC-laden hydrogels dramatically enhances the development of the engineered tissue, with the superficial layer of progenitor cells driving CC proliferation and cartilage ECM production, mimicking certain aspects of developing cartilage. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Effect of prophylactic treatments on the superficial roughness of dental tissues and of two esthetic restorative materials Efeito de tratamentos profiláticos na rugosidade superficial de tecidos dentais e de dois materiais restauradores estéticos

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Daniele Salami

2003-03-01

Full Text Available Dental prophylaxis is a common way to remove dental plaque and stain, both undesirable factors in most dentistry procedures. However, besides cleaning the tooth surface, prophylactic techniques may increase the surface roughness of restorations and dental tissues, which, in turn, may result in plaque accumulation, superficial staining and superficial degradation. This study evaluated the effect of three prophylactic techniques - sodium bicarbonate jet, pumice paste and whiting paste - on the superficial roughness of two restorative materials - a composite resin and a compomer - and on the superficial roughness of two dental surfaces - enamel and cementum/dentin - through rugosimetric and scanning electron microscopy (SEM analysis. Statistical analysis of the rugosimetric data showed that the use of pumice paste on enamel produced a significantly smoother surface than the natural surface. However, comparing the effect of the three techniques, prophylaxis with the pumice paste produced a rougher surface than did the other techniques as regards enamel and cementum/dentin probably due to its abrasiveness. On composite resin, the pumice paste only produced a rougher surface than did the whiting paste. On compomer, all of the applied treatments produced similar results. Based on rugosimetric and SEM analysis, we could conclude that the prophylactic treatments employed did not improve roughness of the studied surfaces. As to the effects of the techniques, they were different depending on the surfaces on which the prophylactic treatments were applied.A profilaxia dental é uma prática comum para a remoção de placa bacteriana e outros indutos que dificultam a realização dos procedimentos restauradores. Entretanto, como efeito secundário à limpeza, pode-se ter uma superfície mais rugosa e sujeita a manchamentos e degradações. O presente estudo avaliou os efeitos de três técnicas de profilaxia - jato de bicarbonato de sódio, pasta de pedra

ENSAYO: APORTES PARA UNA PROPUESTA EN EDUCACIÓN CONTEMPORÁNEA EN TRABAJO SOCIAL

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Liliana Pérez Mendoza

2006-08-01

Full Text Available El ensayo presenta un análisis acerca de la educación superior en Trabajo Socialpara lo cual se fundamenta en los desafíos para la intervención social y la educaciónsuperior que surgen del contexto social contemporáneo Latinoamericano y Colombiano,que da cuenta de contradicciones y diferenciaciones, producto del proceso modernidad/modernización que ha traído como consecuencias inequidades, desigualdades,injusticias y violación de los derechos en la sociedad moderna, además delindividualismo exacerbado, la ruptura de lazos sociales y comunicativos, que tiendena perpetuarse en el tiempo. Este análisis acerca de educar en una sociedad en crisis como la nuestra, es realizadodesde la perspectiva ética, teórica y epistemológica, de la ética del discurso, la teoríade la acción comunicativa y el método de investigación reconstructivo, los cuales dancuenta de una forma de entender la autonomía como competencia que en lacomunicación permite potenciar la libertad, igualdad y solidaridad de todas y cadauna de las personas que en ella participan, a fin de permitir una comprensión delcontexto, una mayor complejización de la intervención social y la reconstrucción dela sociedad y de la educación superior en Trabajo Social.

Colloidal silver-based nanogel as nonocclusive dressing for multiple superficial pellet wounds.

Science.gov (United States)

Dharmshaktu, Ganesh Singh; Singhal, Aanshu; Pangtey, Tanuja

2016-01-01

A good dressing is mandatory to an uncomplicated wound healing, especially when foreign particles contaminate the wound. Various forms of dressing preparations are available for use and differ in chemical composition and efficacy. Silver has been a known agent with good antimicrobial and healing properties and recent times has seen an upsurge in various silver-based dressing supplements. We describe our report of use and efficacy of a silver nanoparticle- based gel dressing in the healing of multiple superficial firearm pellet wounds.

Características generales de la fluorosis dental

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Josefa Calderón Betancourt

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, utilizando los recursos disponibles desde la red infomed, con el objetivo de describir las características generales de la fluorosis dental. Esta es la hipomineralización del esmalte dental y tiene tres formas de presentación: leve, moderada y severa. Su cuadro clínico esta dado principalmente por manchas blanquecinas que cubre una mínima superficie del diente, hasta manchas de color café oscuro y su complicación más temida es la fractura que causa una agresiva y acentuada pérdida de la estructura dentaria. Es causada por el acumulo excesivo de flúor en el diente. Su prevención está encaminada a la administración de flúor sistémico en las diferentes edades y entre las recomendaciones para evitarla se encuentra: usar en lo posible agua con el nivel adecuado de flúor, utilizar pastas de dientes con los contenidos óptimos de flúor, excepto en las zonas con aguas fluoradas y no aplicar las lacas fluoradas a estos niños

The analogy between dreams and the ancient art of memory is tempting but superficial.

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Axmacher, Nikolai; Fell, Juergen

2013-12-01

Although the analogy between dreams and ancient mnemotechniques is tempting because they share several phenomenological characteristics, this analogy is superficial at a closer look. Unlike mneomotechnically encoded material, rapid eye movement (REM) dreams are inherently difficult to remember, do not usually allow conscious subsequent retrieval of all interconnected elements, and have been found to support subsequent episodic memory in only rare cases.

Expression of AQP3 gene in chronic atrophic and chronic superficial gastritis patients

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Shijun Zhang

2007-12-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Most studies about aquaporin 3 (AQP3 in the gastrointestinal tract were carried out on both in vivo and in vitro. The role of AQP3-mediated water transport in human gastrointestinal tract is still unclear. Our aim in this study was to explore the expression of AQP3 gene in chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG and chronic superficial gastritis (CSG atients and to determine its possible function in the development of gastritis.
METHODS: Twenty-two outpatients diagnosed as CSG and 12 outpatients diagnosed as CAG were selected randomly. Ten cases of healthy individuals were selected as normal control group. In all cases, AQP3 gene expression of gastric mucosa was detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR.
RESULTS: The AQP3 gene expression was significantly higher in gastric mucosa of CSG and healthy individuals than that in CAG (P<0.01. However, there was no significant difference in the AQP3 gene expression between helicobacter pylori positive patients and helicobacter pylori negative patients (P>0.05.
CONCLUSIONS: AQP3 expression might play certain role in the occurrence and development of gastritis.
KEY WORDS: Aquaporin 3, chronic superficial gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis.

Efecto de la cobertura del suelo y de una enmienda de yeso en la infiltración del agua en riego por aspersión

OpenAIRE

Berenguer, María José; Faci González, José María; Martínez-Cob, Antonio

1994-01-01

[ES] Este trabajo analizó el efecto del riego por aspersión sobre la infiltración de un suelo de textura franco-limosa en un ensayo de campo realizado en los nuevos regadíos de Monegros II (Huesca). Se establecieron cinco tratamientos: 1) cultivo de sorgo, 2) cultivo de sorgo más yeso, 3) suelo desnudo, 4) suelo desnudo con yeso y 5) suelo desnudo con arena. Los resultados indican que la dispersión de la superficie del suelo por causas físicas fue minimizada por la propia cobertura d...

Gasificación con CO2 de carbonizados de aserrín de Pinus caribaea Morelet var. cariba

OpenAIRE

F. Márquez-Montesino; T. Cordero-Alcántara; J. Rodríguez-Mirasol; J. J. Rodríguez-Jiménez

2004-01-01

Dada la importancia del estudio de la reactividad de los carbones con el fin de estudiar su activación, se desarrolló la gasificación con CO2 de un carbón obtenido de aserrín de Pinus caribaea. Los ensayos termogravimétricos se realizaron en un sistema modular de CI Electronics, las temperaturas de gasificación escogidas fueron 750, 775, 800 y 825 °C. Para calcular los valores de reactividad normalizada, se determinó el área de superficie por adsorción de CO2 a 273 K, en un equipo Au...

Protocolo nacional de monitoreo de la calidad de los en cuerpos naturales de agua superficial

OpenAIRE

Autoridad Nacional del Agua. Dirección de Gestión de Calidad de los Recursos Hídricos

2011-01-01

Estandariza la metodología para el desarrollo del monitoreo de la calidad de los recursos hídricos en los cuerpos naturales de agua superficial, asimismo pretende convertirse en un instrumento de gestión en el desarrollo del Plan Nacional de Vigilancia de la Calidad de Agua en el Perú.

SU-E-T-537: Comparison of Intra-Operative Soft X-Rays to Low Energy Electron Beams for Treatment of Superficial Lesions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chinsky, B; Diak, A; Gros, S; Sethi

2014-01-01

Purpose: Superficial soft x-ray applicators have recently been designed for use with existing intra-operative radiotherapy systems. These applicators may be used in treating superficial lesions which are conventionally treated with electron beams. The purpose of this abstract is to compare dose distributions of an intra-operative 50kV x-ray unit with low energy electrons for the treatment of superficial lesions. Methods: Dosimetric parameters for 1 and 3-cm diameter Intrabeam superficial x-ray applicators were measured with EBT3 Gafchromic film in a solid water phantom. Depth dose distributions and profiles (d=2, 5, 10 and 15mm) were obtained by prescribing a dose of 400cGy at 5mm depth below the phantom surface. Corresponding dose profiles for 6-MeV electrons were acquired from a Varian Clinac 21EX at 100 SSD. H and D calibration curves were generated for each modality for 0-800cGy. Results: Dose coverage, penumbra, dose uniformity, surface dose, and dose fall-off were examined. Compared to electrons, Intrabeam lateral dose coverage at 5mm depth was 70% larger with a much sharper (1/4) penumbra. Electron isodose levels bulged with depth, whereas Intrabeam isodose levels exhibited a convex cone shape. The Intrabeam dose profiles demonstrated horns in the dose distribution up to a 5mm depth and an exponential dose fall-off. Relative surface dose was higher for the Intrabeam applicators. Treatment times were comparable for both modalities. Conclusions: The very small penumbra of Intrabeam at shallow depths could be useful in treating superficial lesions adjacent to critical structures. The exponential dose fall-off of Intrabeam makes it appealing in the sparing of structures beyond the lesion. However, for lesions past a depth of 5mm, electrons would be desirable as they penetrate farther and provide skin sparing. Intrabeam may be preferable for sites that are difficult to treat with electrons due to mechanical and physical limitations

Enseñanza de Teoría de Estructuras mediante el diseño, cálculo, construcción y ensayo de modelos

OpenAIRE

Galvín, Pedro; Solís Muñiz, Mario; Romero Ordóñez, Antonio

2010-01-01

CNIM 2010 : Ciudad Real, 3-5 noviembre 2010. Anales de ingeniería mecánica, 2010, 18: 1-7 Este trabajo presenta los resultados de una experiencia de innovación docente dentro de la docencia en el ámbito de las estructuras en la titulación de Ingeniería Industrial en la Universidad de Sevilla. La metodología docente aplicada pretende motivar al alumno al aprendizaje promoviendo el diseño, cálculo, construcción y ensayo de estructuras. De esta forma, el alumnado se forma no sólo como cal...

Jimena Néspolo. Tracción a sangre. Ensayos sobre lectura y escritura : Buenos Aires, Ediciones Katatay, 2014, 252 páginas

OpenAIRE

López, Alejo

2014-01-01

Tracción a sangre. Ensayos sobre lectura y escritura reúne dieciocho trabajos escritos a lo largo de los últimos diez años, los cuales compendian la labor crítica de Jimena Néspolo alrededor de un corpus de autores unidos por “los lazos amorosos, vitales, de hermandad y amistad, que atraviesan sus poéticas y que los unen a la tradición que los precede y a sus contemporáneos”. La escritura de Tracción a sangre exhibe una proliferación minuciosa y pormenorizada en sus referencias bibliográficas...

Histomorfología de la atrición en dientes temporarios

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Melisa R Lezcano

Full Text Available Resumen En la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, provincia de Corrientes, Argentina, se desarrolló un trabajo de investigación en el cual se estudiaron las características histológicas que presentaban el esmalte y la dentina de piezas dentarias temporarias bajo el proceso fisiológico de la atrición. Para dicho estudio, se obtuvieron 25 piezas dentarias temporarias de pacientes que concurrieron a la Cátedra de Odontopediatría para su atención. Las muestras fueron protocolizadas y clasificadas según la escala de desgaste dentario de Gerasimov modificada. Las piezas dentarias se procesaron mediante la técnica de desgaste para su observación al microscopio óptico, determinándose que el 48% de los casos el desgaste correspondía a grado I, el 36% al grado II y el resto al grado III. En los casos que afectó al esmalte únicamente se observó la sección de los prismas del esmalte. Cuando afectó esmalte y dentina en los grados II y III de la escala se observan tanto casos de dentina esclerótica como de trayectos muertos

ESTUDIO DE LA ADSORCIÓN DE PROTEÍNAS SOBRE SUPERFICIES DE ACIDO POLILÁCTICO MEDIANTE TÉCNICAS GRAVIMÉTRICAS Y ELECTROQUÍMICAS

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HUGO ARMANDO ESTUPIÑAN DURAN

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Metodos electroquimicos fueron utilizados para promover y evaluar la adsorcion orientada de albumina y colageno sobre superficies polimericas de acido polilactico (PLA mediante la aplicacion de un sobrepotencial anodico en un rango de 0 V a 0,45 V. La adsorcion fueestudiada usando mediciones simultaneas de espectroscopia de impedancia electroquimica (EIE y microbalanza de cristal de cuarzo (QCM, en un rango de temperaturas de 25°C a 45°C, con variaciones en proteina entre 5 y 20 ¿Êg/ml en solucion buffer de fosfato de pH 7,4. Con el aumento de la concentracion de proteinas en el electrolito, disminuye la resistencia a la transferencia de carga, exhibiendo asi una mayor adsorcion sobre la superficie, ademas de aumentar la magnitud de los cambios de masa. Se mejoro la hidrofilicidad del recubrimiento, mostrando una mayor afinidad con las soluciones de colageno y por lo tanto un aumento en la biocompatibilidad debido a la activacion superficial.

Reduced vaginal elasticity, reduced lubrication, and deep and superficial dyspareunia in irradiated gynecological cancer survivors.

Science.gov (United States)

Stinesen Kollberg, Karin; Waldenström, Ann-Charlotte; Bergmark, Karin; Dunberger, Gail; Rossander, Anna; Wilderäng, Ulrica; Åvall-Lundqvist, Elisabeth; Steineck, Gunnar

2015-05-01

The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not vaginal elasticity or lack of lubrication is associated with deep or superficial dyspareunia. We investigated gynecological cancer survivors treated with radiation therapy. In a population-based study with 616 women answering a questionnaire (participation rate 78%) and who were treated with radiotherapy for gynecological cancer, we analyzed information from 243 women (39%) who reported that they had had intercourse during the previous six months. Analyses included log-binomial regression (relative risks) and multiple imputations by chained equations in combination with Bayesian Model Averaging, yielding a posterior probability value. Age range of this cancer recurrent-free group of women was 29-80. Dyspareunia affected 164 of 243 of the women (67%). One hundred thirty-four women (55%) reported superficial pain, 97 women (40%) reported deep pain, and 87 women (36%) reported both types of dyspareunia. The relative risk (RR) of deep dyspareunia was 1.87 (CI 1.41-2.49) with impaired vaginal elasticity compared to normal vaginal elasticity. Age and lower abdominal swelling were separate risk factors for deep dyspareunia. However, effects remain after adjusting for these factors. The relative risk of deep dyspareunia was almost twice as high with impaired vaginal elasticity compared to normal vaginal elasticity. If we wish to treat or even prevent deep dyspareunia in women with gynecological cancer, we may use our knowledge of the pathophysiology of deep dyspareunia and increasingly provide dilators together with instructions on how to use them for stretching exercises in order to retain vaginal elasticity. Results highlight the need for studies with more precise questions distinguishing superficial from deep dyspareunia so that in the future we may be able to primarily try to avoid reduced vaginal elasticity and secondarily reduce the symptoms.

Colloidal silver-based nanogel as nonocclusive dressing for multiple superficial pellet wounds

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Ganesh Singh Dharmshaktu

2016-01-01

Full Text Available A good dressing is mandatory to an uncomplicated wound healing, especially when foreign particles contaminate the wound. Various forms of dressing preparations are available for use and differ in chemical composition and efficacy. Silver has been a known agent with good antimicrobial and healing properties and recent times has seen an upsurge in various silver-based dressing supplements. We describe our report of use and efficacy of a silver nanoparticle- based gel dressing in the healing of multiple superficial firearm pellet wounds.

Patient Perception of Imiquimod Treatment for Actinic Keratosis and Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma in 202 Patients

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Waalboer-Spuij, Rick; Holterhues, Cynthia; van Hattem, Simone; Schuttelaar, Marie Louise A.; Gaastra, Menno T. W.; Kuijpers, Danielle I. M.; Hollestein, Loes M.; Nijsten, Tamar E. C.

2015-01-01

Objective: To document the impact on patient-reported outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of treatment with imiquimod cream in patients with actinic keratosis (AK) and superficial basal cell carcinoma (sBCC). Methods: This open-label, multicenter study included AK and sBCC patients

Capability verification of the beam delivery system in the superficially-placed tumor therapy terminal at HIRFL

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dai Zhongying; Li Qiang; Xiao Guoqing; Jin Xiaodong; Yan Zheng; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing

2007-01-01

The passive beam delivery system in the superficially-placed tumor therapy terminal at Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL), which includes two orthogonal dipole magnets as scanning system, a motor-driven energy degrader as range-shifter, series of ridge filters as range modulator and a multileaf collimator, is introduced in detail. The capacities of its important components and the whole system have been verified experimentally. The tests of the ridge filter for extending Bragg peak and the range shifter for energy adjustment show both work well. To examine the passive beam delivery system, a beam shaping experiment were carried out, simulating a three-dimensional (3D) conformal irradiation to a tumor. The encouraging experimental result confirms that 3D layer-stacking conformal irradiation can be performed by means of the passive system. The validation of the beam delivery system establishes a substantial basis for upcoming clinical trial for superficially-placed tumors with heavy ions in the therapy terminal at HIRFL. (authors)

LIBS, Raman spectroscopy, and optical microscopy analyses of superficial encrustations on ancient tesserae in Lebanon

Science.gov (United States)

Tomkowska, Anna; Chmielewski, Krzysztof; Skrzyczanowski, Wojciech; Mularczyk-Oliwa, Monika; Ostrowski, Roman; Strzelec, Marek

2017-07-01

The aim of research was determination of composition and nature of superficial deposits, cumulated at the selected mosaic's tesserae from Lebanon. Selected were three series of objects from different locations, namely from the seaside and mountain archaeological sites as well as from the mosaics exposed in the city center. Analyzed were stone and ceramic tesserae. The selection of objects was dictated by wide diversification of factors influencing the state of preservation and composition of deposits in given location. Investigations were performed including LIBS, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy and optical 3D microscopy. The experimental results included composition and kind of deposit at the tesserae surfaces, and composition of tesserae itself. Compounds in the superficial deposits were identified. Confirmed was occurrence of different encrustations in dependence on geographic localization of a given sample. The interpretation of results was supported by multivariate statistical techniques, especially by the factor analysis. Performed analyses constitute the pioneer realization in terms of determination of deposits composition at the surface of mosaics from the Lebanon territory.

Does ultrasound contrast agent improve the diagnostic value of colour and power Doppler sonography in superficial lymph node enlargement?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schulte-Altedorneburg, Gernot; Demharter, Johannes; Linne, Renate; Droste, Dirk W.; Bohndorf, Klaus; Buecklein, Wolfgang

2003-01-01

Objective: to analyse whether ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) improves the diagnostic accuracy to differentiate between benign and malignant superficial lymph node enlargement by using colour-coded duplex sonography (CCDS) and power Doppler (PD). Methods: 32 patients with suspected malignant superficial lymph node enlargement prospectively underwent standardised ultrasound examinations using B-mode sonography and native and contrast-enhanced CCDS and PD immediately before biopsy. Solbiati-Index (longitudinal-transverse diameter ratio) and intranodal flow patterns by using different vascularisation types were assessed. Histological and sonographical findings were correlated. Results: 27 malignant and 5 benign lymph nodes were found. Solbiati-Index was lower in malignant lymph nodes than in benign nodes (mean 1.5 vs. 2.4, P<0.045). More intranodal flow patterns could be detected after UCA (53 vs. 43) but the number of correctly identified malignant nodes decreased after UCA (26 vs. 24) and the number of correctly identified benign nodes remained constant compared with native CCDS and PD. In 31% of the colour-mode studies, PD was considered to visualise more clearly intranodal vascular flow patterns than CCDS. Conclusion: despite depicting more intranodal vascular patterns, the use of an ultrasound contrast agent seems not to improve the diagnostic value of CCDS and PD compared with native colour-mode studies in superficial lymph node enlargement

Kinetic performance comparison of fully and superficially porous particles with a particle size of 5 µm: intrinsic evaluation and application to the impurity analysis of griseofulvin.

Science.gov (United States)

Kahsay, Getu; Broeckhoven, Ken; Adams, Erwin; Desmet, Gert; Cabooter, Deirdre

2014-05-01

After the great commercial success of sub-3 µm superficially porous particles, vendors are now also starting to commercialize 5 µm superficially porous particles, as an alternative to their fully porous counterparts which are routinely used in pharmaceutical analysis. In this study, the performance of 5 µm superficially porous particles was compared to that of fully porous 5 µm particles in terms of efficiency, separation performance and loadability on a conventional HPLC instrument. Van Deemter and kinetic plots were first used to evaluate the efficiency and performance of both particle types using alkylphenones as a test mixture. The van Deemter and kinetic plots showed that the superficially porous particles provide a superior kinetic performance compared to the fully porous particles over the entire relevant range of separation conditions, when both support types were evaluated at the same operating pressure. The same observations were made both for isocratic and gradient analysis. The superior performance was further demonstrated for the separation of a pharmaceutical compound (griseofulvin) and its impurities, where a gain in analysis time of around 2 could be obtained using the superficially porous particles. Finally, both particle types were evaluated in terms of loadability by plotting the resolution of the active pharmaceutical ingredient and its closest impurity as a function of the signal-to-noise ratio obtained for the smallest impurity. It was demonstrated that the superficially porous particles show better separation performance for griseofulvin and its impurities without significantly compromising sensitivity due to loadability issues in comparison with their fully porous counterparts. Moreover these columns can be used on conventional equipment without modifications to obtain a significant improvement in analysis time. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Superficial parotidectomy versus retrograde partial superficial parotidectomy in treating benign salivary gland tumor (pleomorphic adenoma).

Science.gov (United States)

Emodi, Omri; El-Naaj, Imad Abu; Gordin, Arye; Akrish, Sharon; Peled, Micha

2010-09-01

Of all benign salivary gland tumors of the parotid gland, pleomorphic adenoma (mixed tumor) is the most common. It accounts for 60% to 70% of all benign tumors of the parotid gland. This neoplasm arises in patients in the fourth to sixth decade of life, with a female predominance. The surgical excision of this lesion continues to be the subject of major debate. The goal is to avoid facial disability yet attain complete resection without perforation of the capsule/pseudocapsule. The purpose of our study is to compare 2 surgical techniques performed at the Ear, Nose, and Throat and Maxillofacial Departments, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, and determine which is preferable in treating this lesion. We reviewed 48 patients who underwent excision of pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland between 1996 and 2005 at Rambam Medical Center: 18 were treated surgically with the classical superficial parotidectomy (SP) technique, using an anterograde approach, and 30 were treated with retrograde partial superficial parotidectomy (PSP). We compared the 2 surgical techniques in terms of surgical time, histopathologic size of the lesion, amount of excised healthy parotid tissue, histologic margin, and the preservation of the capsule/pseudocapsule. We also made clinical records of temporary or definitive injury to the facial nerve, which branches of the facial nerve were temporarily or definitively injured, the occurrence of Frey syndrome, esthetic satisfaction, and the amount of recurrence or infection after surgery. Of the 48 patients, 19 (39.6%) were male and 29 (60.4%) were female, with a mean age (+/- SD) of 43.8 +/- 16.97 years (median, 50 years; range, 12-79 years). We found a significant difference (P = .029) in mean surgical time (+/- SD): 171 +/- 49.7 minutes (median, 165 minutes) when performing the classical SP and 145 +/- 42.7 minutes (median, 130 minutes) when performing the retrograde PSP. Much more healthy parotid tissue was taken out with the classical

Difference fractal surfaces poured earth floors Tamaulipas / Diferencia fractal en superficies de tierra vertida con suelo de Tamaulipas

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Edgardo Jonathan Suárez Dominguez

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Poured earth is a sustainable construction and economically feasible technique to develop in Tamaulipas, by the materials availability and traditional manufacturing procedures uses. There are several variables to be considered in these elements for their properties, among them it can be found roughness and porosity analysis which are important because they are related to material mechanical resistance and durability. This study aimed to characterize solid surfaces using fractal dimension to know its uniformity and porosity, compared with a concrete surface. Solids were obtained from poured earth of two combinations of soils stabilized with cement from the state of Tamaulipas. We found that a surface of a sample, obtained with ground, is more uniform than poured concrete surface, and that fractal dimension is higher while porosity increases; results suggest that this is because of the presence of clay in the poured earth mixtures. La tierra vertida es una técnica constructiva sustentable y económicamente viable para desarrollarse en Tamaulipas, por la disponibilidad de materiales y procedimientos de fabricación similares a los tradicionales. Son diversas las variables que deben estudiarse en estos elementos para conocer sus propiedades, entre las que se encuentran la rugosidad y la porosidad, las cuales son importantes debido a su estrecha relación con la resistencia mecánica y durabilidad del material estudiado. El presente trabajo tuvo por objetivo caracterizar superficies sólidas a partir de la dimensión fractal para conocer su uniformidad y porosidad, comparándola con una superficie de concreto. Los sólidos fueron obtenidos a partir de tierra vertida conformada de dos combinaciones de suelos estabilizadas con cemento provenientes del estado de Tamaulipas. Se encontró que una superficie de tierra vertida es menos irregular que una superficie de concreto además de tener una menor porosidad reflejada en una menor dimensión fractal

Superficial vessel reconstruction with a multiview camera system

Science.gov (United States)

Marreiros, Filipe M. M.; Rossitti, Sandro; Karlsson, Per M.; Wang, Chunliang; Gustafsson, Torbjörn; Carleberg, Per; Smedby, Örjan

2016-01-01

Abstract. We aim at reconstructing superficial vessels of the brain. Ultimately, they will serve to guide the deformation methods to compensate for the brain shift. A pipeline for three-dimensional (3-D) vessel reconstruction using three mono-complementary metal-oxide semiconductor cameras has been developed. Vessel centerlines are manually selected in the images. Using the properties of the Hessian matrix, the centerline points are assigned direction information. For correspondence matching, a combination of methods was used. The process starts with epipolar and spatial coherence constraints (geometrical constraints), followed by relaxation labeling and an iterative filtering where the 3-D points are compared to surfaces obtained using the thin-plate spline with decreasing relaxation parameter. Finally, the points are shifted to their local centroid position. Evaluation in virtual, phantom, and experimental images, including intraoperative data from patient experiments, shows that, with appropriate camera positions, the error estimates (root-mean square error and mean error) are ∼1  mm. PMID:26759814

Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Corresponds to Drusen Location and Extent of Visual Field Defects in Superficial and Buried Optic Disc Drusen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Malmqvist, Lasse; Wegener, Marianne; Sander, Birgit A

2016-01-01

(P = 0.002) than eyes with buried ODD. There was a correlation between mean peripapillary RNFL thinning and visual field defects as measured by perimetric mean deviation (R-0.66; P = 0.0001). The most frequent visual field abnormalities were arcuate and partial arcuate defects. CONCLUSIONS...... of patients with ODD and to compare the peripapillary RNFL thickness to the extent of visual field defects and anatomic location (superficial or buried) of ODD. METHODS: Retrospective, cross sectional study. RESULTS: A total of 149 eyes of 84 ODD patients were evaluated. Sixty-five percent were female and 76......% had bilateral ODD. Of 149 eyes, 109 had superficial ODD and 40 had buried ODD. Peripapillary RNFL thinning was seen in 83.6% of eyes, where optical coherence tomography was performed (n = 61). Eyes with superficial ODD had greater mean peripapillary RNFL thinning (P ≤ 0.0001) and visual field defects...

INCREASED URINARY ALBUMIN INDICATING UROTHELIAL LEAKAGE FOLLOWING INTRAVESICAL BACILLUS-CALMETTE-GUERIN THERAPY FOR SUPERFICIAL BLADDER-CANCER

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Boer, E. C.; de Reijke, T. M.; Schamhart, D. H.; Vos, P. C.; Kurth, K. H.

1993-01-01

This study on the increase in albumin in the urine of patients with superficial bladder cancer after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) treatment was initiated on the basis of two facts. First, extravasation of serum albumin could be expected as a result of the BCG-induced delayed-type

Ensayo de análisis conductual sobre los hitos de la diplomacia chilena entre las primeras y las últimas décadas del siglo XX

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Durán S., Roberto

2009-06-01

Full Text Available This essay is related to the most significant behavioural issues of Chilean diplomacy along the latest century. The unexpected changes on Chilean international status at the end of XIX century and at the very beginning of XX one, the effects on domestic economy and social development of the world financial-economic crisis of 1929- 1931, the efforts towards a professional conception on diplomats and foreign affairs, the consequences of political changes in the 30’s, 40’s s and 50’s are, among others, the meaningful factors to analyse. Obviously, the dramatic effects of fall of democracy in 1973 and the democratic restoration during the 90’s are also relevant questions to find out in Chilean foreign affairs.

Este es un ensayo que intenta explicar desde una perspectiva conductualista el desarrollo de la política exterior chilena durante el siglo pasado. Así, el brusco cambio de status político regional hacia fines del siglo XIX, los nocivos efectos internos producidos por la crisis económico-financiera mundial durante los años 1929-1931, las consecuencias de los cambios sociales y políticos durante los años 30, 40 y 50 son, entre otros, los aspectos de mayor relieve en este trabajo. Ciertamente, las gravitantes consecuencias y proyecciones del cese de la democracia-representativa en 1973 y la posterior redemocratización política durante la década pasada son temas esenciales en este ensayo.

Noninvasive in vivo optical characterization of blood flow and oxygen consumption in the superficial plexus of skin

Science.gov (United States)

Liasi, Faezeh Talebi; Samatham, Ravikant; Jacques, Steven L.

2017-11-01

Assessing the metabolic activity of a tissue, whether normal, damaged, aged, or pathologic, is useful for diagnosis and evaluating the effects of drugs. This report describes a handheld optical fiber probe that contacts the skin, applies pressure to blanch the superficial vascular plexus of the skin, then releases the pressure to allow refill of the plexus. The optical probe uses white light spectroscopy to record the time dynamics of blanching and refilling. The magnitude and dynamics of changes in blood content and hemoglobin oxygen saturation yield an estimate of the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in units of attomoles per cell per second. The average value of OCR on nine forearm sites on five subjects was 10±5 (amol/cell/s). This low-cost, portable, rapid, noninvasive optical probe can characterize the OCR of a skin site to assess the metabolic activity of the epidermis or a superficial lesion.

Superficie Específica y Estado Vital de la Materia

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J. Hernando Ordoñez

1992-03-01

Full Text Available

Se propone reemplazar el término de materia viva por el de estado vital de la materia por considerarlo adecuado, pues la materia es la misma, lo que cambia es su estado. Se estudia la relación entre la superficie específica y el estado vital de la materia. Constante del estado vital y el valor crítico de la superficie específica. Qué es la fuerza de inducción vital? Diferenciación funcional de las células. Cómo regula la unidad biológica su superficie específica? La materia que piensa es el fenómeno más grandioso de la creación.

Sin entrar en disquisiciones sobre la naturaleza, manifestaciones y formas de la energía, me permito hacer unas a manera de divagaciones sobre los diferentes estados de la materia, que es una forma de la energía.

Estados de la materia

Sabemos que la mínima porción de la materia es el átomo, que tiene una composición compleja, que no es del caso estudiar. Los átomos pueden existir aislados y estar en lo que llamamos estado iónico. Si los átomos se juntan, forman moléculas, y su existencia constituye el estado molecular. Si las moléculas se juntan, forman complejos más grandes y tendremos las micelas, que constituyen el estado coloidal.

Hasta aquí nuestros conocimientos nos son familiares, triviales. Pero hay un estado más complejo, en el cual entra materia en estado iónico, molecular y coloidal entrelazados entre sí, con propiedades totalmente diferentes. La materia en este estado adquiere caracteres extraordinarios tales como el de crecer, reproducirse, independizarse de las leyes físicas, puede autorregular su composición química, autorregular sus manifestaciones físicas, reaccionar ante los estímulos más variados, puede llegar hasta alturas inconcebibles integrando ideas. A este estado fue al que llamé en publicación anterior (1 estado vital, concepto que fue corroborado más ‘tarde por J.R. Brown (2 cuando me coment

LA PARTICIPACIÓN DE MUJERES LATINAS EN ENSAYOS CLÍNICOS PARA LA PREVENCIÓN DEL CÁNCER DE MAMA: UN CASO DE APLICACIÓN DEL MODELO DE PREPARACIÓN COMUNITARIA

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Daniel Holgado

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se muestra cómo se utiliza la evaluación de la preparación comunitaria para potenciar la participación de mujeres latinas en ensayos clínicos de prevención del cáncer de mama. La experiencia se refiere a dos comunidades rurales y dos comunidades urbanas en Colorado (Estados Unidos. Tradicionalmente los problemas de participación de las minorías étnicas en este tipo de programas preventivos se han explicado recurriendo a factores individuales. Sin embargo, hay factores comunitarios, tales como el clima, el liderazgo, los recursos, el conocimiento y el esfuerzo de la comunidad, que pueden influir en la escasa participación de las mujeres en este tipo de ensayos. Para evaluar la disposición para el cambio comunitario se entrevistó a líderes e informantes clave sobre la disponibilidad de su comunidad para la participación de las mujeres latinas en actividades de prevención. Los resultados mostraron bajos niveles en las cuatro comunidades evaluadas. En ese contexto, se ofrecen algunas recomendaciones. El caso sirve para ilustrar el funcionamiento de un modelo basado en niveles, desarrollado por Oetting et al. (2001.

Ensayos pedagógicos para la planificación y uso del suelo de Quito. Plan Bicentenario

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María Dolores Montaño Huerta

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Quito se enfrenta al desafío de resolver la planificación de su territorio. A través del proyecto urbano "Plan especial Bicentenario: Consolidación del Parque de la Ciudad y Redesarrollo de su Entorno Urbano" implementado por la Alcaldía del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito 2009/2014 alrededor del espacio vacío que quedó desde la salida del aeropuerto de Quito se realizó investigación en aula con reflexiones, análisis y soluciones arquitectónicas, desde el Taller de Arquitectura 7/8 de la FADA-PUCE3. Los estudios, análisis y ensayos del documento se basan en la experiencia académica en dos semestres, ene/mayo y ago/dic de 2013 en el Taller para probar la validez del Plan, estudiando volúmenes y anteproyectos arquitectónicos que permitieron analizar, evaluar, sopesar y criticar el Plan Bicentenario, así como las posibles opciones para la ocupación del territorio.

Eficacia de la inducción miofascial para el tratamiento de la espasticidad en pacientes con parálisis cerebral espástica: ensayo clínico aleatorizado

OpenAIRE

Ayesa Justicia, Aiantze

2014-01-01

¿El tratamiento mediante la inducción miofascial disminuye la espasticidad en los pacientes con Parálisis Cerebral Espástica (PCE) mientras son intervenidos con un tratamiento convencional? Objetivos: Comprobar si la inducción miofascial disminuye la espasticidad en pacientes con parálisis cerebral espástica (PCE) y así mismo prevenir las complicaciones musculoesqueléticas y aumentar el rango de movilidad articular. Metodología: Ensayo controlado clínico aleatorizado que recoge un total...

Case report: partial relapse of Bell's palsy following superficial radiotherapy to a basal cell carcinoma in the temple

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brincat, Stephen; Mantell, B.S.

1986-01-01

A patient who developed a partial relapse of Bell's palsy following superficial radiotherapy to a basal cell carcinoma in the temple is reported. Nerves injured by Bell's palsy may be more susceptible to radiation induced damage. (author)

Candidate biomarker discovery and selection for ‘Granny Smith' superficial scald risk management and diagnosis, poster board

Science.gov (United States)

Discovery of candidate biomarkers for superficial scald, a peel disorder that develops during storage of susceptible apple cultivars, is part of a larger project aimed at developing biomarker-based risk-management and diagnostic tools for multiple apple postharvest disorders (http://www.tfrec.wsu.ed...

High-field spin-echo MR imaging of superficial and subependymal siderosis secondary to neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gomori, J.M.; Grossman, R.I.; Goldberg, H.I.; Zimmerman, R.A.; Bilaniuk, L.T.

1987-01-01

Two cases of superficial siderosis with subependymal siderosis, secondary to neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage, are presented. High-field spin-echo MR imaging (1.5 Tesla) showed marginal hypointensity of the ventricular walls as well as of the subpial regions. These findings were most evident on T 2 weighted images, characteristic of hemosiderotic deposits. (orig.)

Tratamientos de protección superficial de materiales de construcción por nuevos materiales híbridos organo-inorgánicos multifuncionales

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Oteo, J. L.

2006-04-01

Full Text Available The behavior of an organic-inorganic hybrid material (HOI as protective coating of different building materials has been evaluated in this work. The mineralogical, structural and textural characterization of the inorganic building materials (granite, marble and sandstone was carried out by: x-ray diffraction (XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM, attenuated total reflectance (ATR and mercury porosimetry. On the other hand, the protective coating was characterized by ATR and SEM, evaluating its protective capacity against paintings made by aerograph or labeller, according to the greater or smaller facility whereupon eliminates the painting by means of cleaning with a cloth. The stability of the coating on the inorganic materials was studied by accelerated tests of rain and UV radiation. Color variation after coating was studied, in all the cases, by colorimetry.

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de las investigaciones llevadas a cabo para evaluar el comportamiento de un material híbrido orgánico-inorgánico (HOI como recubrimiento protector de distintos materiales de construcción. La caracterización mineralógica, estructural y textural de los materiales de construcción estudiados (granito, mármol y arenisca se llevó a cabo mediante las técnicas: difracción de rayos X (DRX, microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB, reflectancia total atenuada (ATR y porosimetría de mercurio. Por otro lado, la caracterización del recubrimiento antivandálico se llevó a cabo mediante ATR y MEB, evaluando su capacidad protectora contra pinturas realizadas por aerógrafo o rotulador, según la mayor o menor facilidad con que se elimina la pintura por limpieza con gamuza. La estabilidad del recubrimiento en el material inorgánico se estudió mediante ensayos acelerados de resistencia a la lluvia y, en el caso del mármol, a la radiación UV. La variación del color experimentada por la superficie después de ser recubierta se estudi

Hydric properties of some iberian ornamental granites with different superficial finishes: a petrophysical interpretation

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Rojo, A.

2003-03-01

Full Text Available Some physical properties of three ornamental granites with different superficial finishes (polished, sawn and flamed were quantified by standard tests. These granites are commercially known as Rosa Porrino, Rosavel and Blanco Alcazar. The determined properties were: density, open porosity, water absorption, capillarity, evaporation, vapour absorption and water vapour permeability. The values of the hydric properties in the studied granites fundamentally depended on their textural characteristics, mainly grain size, micro cracking network and open porosity, and, to a lesser extent, on their superficial finish.

El estudio analiza las diferencias en el comportamiento hídrico de tres granitos con diferentes acabados superficiales: pulido, corte de sierra y chorro de fuego. Estos granitos se comercializan con los nombres de Rosa Porrino, Rosavel y Blanco Alcázar. Las propiedades determinadas han sido: densidad, porosidad abierta, absorción libre de agua, absorción de vapor de agua, absorción de agua por capilaridad, evaporación y permeabilidad al vapor de agua. Los valores de las propiedades hídricas determinadas dependen fundamentalmente de las características texturales: tamaño de grano, microfisuras y porosidad abierta y, en menor medida, de los acabados superficiales.

The Effect of Simultaneous Superficial and Proprioceptive Stimulations on Dexterity of Educable 6-7 Years Old Children with Down Syndrome

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Meisam Mohammadi

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Objectives: Down syndrome is the most common chrosomal disorder in which the fine and gross motor skills due to lack of proper sensory experience are disturbed. The role of dexterity in activity of daily living, interaction with environment and independency is quiet crucial in Down syndrome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of simultaneous application of superficial and proprioceptive stimuli on the dexterity of 6-7 year-old educable children with Down syndrome. Methods: Thirty–three educable children with Down syndrome were assigned in three groups (i.e. superficial, proprioceptive and simultaneous application respectively and voluntarily participated in the study. In the first group, children received only exteroceptive stimulation for 30 minutes, three times a week. Children in the second group received only proprioceptive stimulation in the same way. In the third group, children received both stimulations simultaneously. Dexterity was evaluated through Purdue Pegbourd Test after 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th, 25th, and 30th sessions. Results: Dexterity changes were significantly differed in all three groups (P0.05. Discussion: The findings of current study suggest that simultaneous application of superficial and proprioceptive senses could be used for improvement the dexterity in children with Down syndrome.

Estudio in vitro sobre los efectos de la cocaína sobre los tejidos duros del diente In vitro study on the effects of cocaine on the hard tissues of the tooth

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Eduvigis Solórzano Navarro

2008-12-01

Full Text Available El uso de los derivados de la cocaína es un problema de salud pública en continuo crecimiento. Estas drogas son frecuentemente frotadas sobre la mucosa gingival, pero sus efectos son poco conocidos y de difícil diagnóstico. Con este trabajo se pretende demostrar in vitro, que la aplicación por frotación de la cocaína sobre la superficie dentaria produce erosión del esmalte. Se seleccionaron 30 dientes sanos, distribuidos aleatoriamente en 3 grupos, a los cuales se frotó sobre la superficie vestibular clorhidrato de cocaína, basuco y limón (grupo control respectivamente, durante 40 semanas. Las lesiones más características observadas fueron fractura y pérdida de sustancia dura, demostrando así que la aplicación tópica y continua de drogas en cavidad bucal produce lesiones en los tejidos duros del diente.The use of cocaine derivatives is an increasingly growing public health problem. These drugs are frequently rubbed on the gingival mucosa, but their efffects are little known and difficult to be diagnosed. This paper pretends to prove in vitro that the rubbing of cocaine on the dental surface produces enamel erosion. 30 healthy teeth were selected and distributed at random into 3 groups that were rubbed cocaine hydrochloride, bazuko and lemon (control group on the vestibular surface, respectively, during 40 weeks. The most observed characteristic lesions were fracture and loss of the dental hard substance, which showed that the topical and continual application of drugs on the oral cavity causes lesions in the hard tissues of the tooth.

Current practice in the management of superficial bladder cancer in the Netherlands and Belgian Flanders: a survey.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Witjes, J.A.; Melissen, D.O.; Kiemeney, L.A.L.M.

2006-01-01

OBJECTIVE: Because there is no national guideline for the diagnosis, therapy and follow up of (superficial) bladder cancer in the Netherlands and Belgium, the actual patient management may differ between urologists. The purpose of this study is to get insight in the current way urologists diagnose,

Influência da temperatura, da massa molar e da distribuição de massa molar na tensão superficial de PS, PP e PE: experimento e teoria

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Moreira José C.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho a influência da temperatura, da massa molar (n e da distribuição de massa molar (MWD na tensão superficial de poliestireno (PS foi avaliada utilizando o método da gota pendente. A influência da temperatura na tensão superficial de polipropileno isotático (i-PP e de polietileno de baixa densidade (PELBD também foi estudada aqui. As teorias de Patterson-Rastogi e Dee-Sauer foram utilizadas em conjunção com a teoria de equação de estado de Flory, Orwoll, e Vrij (FOV para prever a tensão superficial (gama utilizando dados de pressão-volume-temperatura (PVT dos polímeros. Ambas teorias prevêem que a tensão superficial diminui linearmente com o aumento da temperatura e aumenta com a massa molar concordando com os resultados experimentais. Entretanto, ambas teorias subestimam a mudança de entropia de formação de superfície por unidade de área a volume constante para sistemas poliméricos de baixa massa molar e polidisperso e subestimam o efeito da distribuição de massa molar na tensão superficial

Efectividad del ejercicio excéntrico en la prevención de lesiones del manguito de los rotadores en tenistas adultos amateur: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado

OpenAIRE

Monesma Sánchez, María

2016-01-01

Se llevará a cabo un ensayo clínico aleatorizado controlado con doble ciego para evaluar la efectividad de un programa de ejercicios excéntricos en la musculatura rotadora externa de hombro para la prevención de lesiones del manguito de los rotadores. Se realizará durante el periodo comprendido entre 2016 y 2018. La muestra estará compuesta por tenistas adultos nivel amateur federados de Aragón y contará con 97 participantes. Se realizarán dos grupos: experimental y control. El grupo contr...

Superficie específica de una bentonita mediante la adsorción de azul de metileno

OpenAIRE

Pinzón Bello, Jorge Alejo

2010-01-01

Se estudió la determinación de la superficie específica de una bentonita colombiana, procedente del Valle del Cauca, mediante la adsorción de azul de metileno, a 298 K. Este método se comparó con el de la adsorción de nitrógeno a 77 K.

Emotional words can be embodied or disembodied: the role of superficial vs. deep types of processing

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Ensie eAbbassi

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Emotional words are processed rapidly and automatically in the left hemisphere (LH and slowly, with the involvement of attention, in the right hemisphere (RH. This review aims to find the reason for this difference and suggests that emotional words can be processed superficially or deeply due to the involvement of the linguistic and imagery systems, respectively. During superficial processing, emotional words likely make connections only with semantically associated words in the LH. This part of the process is automatic and may be sufficient for the purpose of language processing. Deep processing, in contrast, seems to involve conceptual information and imagery of a word’s perceptual and emotional properties using autobiographical memory contents. Imagery and the involvement of autobiographical memory likely differentiate between emotional and neutral word processing and explain the salient role of the RH in emotional word processing. It is concluded that the level of emotional word processing in the RH should be deeper than in the LH and, thus, it is conceivable that the slow mode of processing adds certain qualities to the output.

Emotional words can be embodied or disembodied: the role of superficial vs. deep types of processing.

Science.gov (United States)

Abbassi, Ensie; Blanchette, Isabelle; Ansaldo, Ana I; Ghassemzadeh, Habib; Joanette, Yves

2015-01-01

Emotional words are processed rapidly and automatically in the left hemisphere (LH) and slowly, with the involvement of attention, in the right hemisphere (RH). This review aims to find the reason for this difference and suggests that emotional words can be processed superficially or deeply due to the involvement of the linguistic and imagery systems, respectively. During superficial processing, emotional words likely make connections only with semantically associated words in the LH. This part of the process is automatic and may be sufficient for the purpose of language processing. Deep processing, in contrast, seems to involve conceptual information and imagery of a word's perceptual and emotional properties using autobiographical memory contents. Imagery and the involvement of autobiographical memory likely differentiate between emotional and neutral word processing and explain the salient role of the RH in emotional word processing. It is concluded that the level of emotional word processing in the RH should be deeper than in the LH and, thus, it is conceivable that the slow mode of processing adds certain qualities to the output.

Emotional words can be embodied or disembodied: the role of superficial vs. deep types of processing

Science.gov (United States)

Abbassi, Ensie; Blanchette, Isabelle; Ansaldo, Ana I.; Ghassemzadeh, Habib; Joanette, Yves

2015-01-01

Emotional words are processed rapidly and automatically in the left hemisphere (LH) and slowly, with the involvement of attention, in the right hemisphere (RH). This review aims to find the reason for this difference and suggests that emotional words can be processed superficially or deeply due to the involvement of the linguistic and imagery systems, respectively. During superficial processing, emotional words likely make connections only with semantically associated words in the LH. This part of the process is automatic and may be sufficient for the purpose of language processing. Deep processing, in contrast, seems to involve conceptual information and imagery of a word’s perceptual and emotional properties using autobiographical memory contents. Imagery and the involvement of autobiographical memory likely differentiate between emotional and neutral word processing and explain the salient role of the RH in emotional word processing. It is concluded that the level of emotional word processing in the RH should be deeper than in the LH and, thus, it is conceivable that the slow mode of processing adds certain qualities to the output. PMID:26217288

Formulation, characterization and clinical evaluation of propranolol hydrochloride gel for transdermal treatment of superficial infantile hemangioma.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Wenhu; He, Shiying; Yang, Yijun; Jian, Dan; Chen, Xiang; Ding, Jinsong

2015-01-01

The objective of the present study is to formulate and characterize propranolol hydrochloride (PPL · HCl) gel, and to evaluate the efficacy of this formulation in transdermal treatment for superficial infantile hemangioma (IH). The transdermal PPL · HCl gel was prepared by a direct swelling method, which chose hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as the matrix and used terpenes plus alcohols as permeation enhancer. Permeation studies of PPL · HCl were carried out with modified Franz diffusion cells through piglet skin. Our results pointed to that among all studied permeation enhancers, farnesol plus isopropanol was the most effective combination (Q24, 6027.4 ± 563.1 μg/cm(2), ER, 6.8), which was significantly higher than that of control gel (p homemade PPL · HCl oral solution as a control. Clinical studies also confirmed the excellent therapeutic response and few side effects of the PPL · HCl gel. These results suggest that transdermal application of the PPL · HCl gel is an effective and safe formulation in treating superficial IH.

Evaluation of the litcit software for thermal simulation of superficial lasers such as hair removal lasers

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Shirkavand A

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Background and Objectives : In this study, we evaluate LITCIT software for its application as a thermal simulation software for superficial hair removal laser systems. Materials and Methods: Two articles were used as our references. Complete information regarding the tissues, such as optical/thermal properties and geometrical modeling and also the laser systems such as wavelength, spot size, pulse duration and fluence were extracted from these texts. Then, this information regarding the tissues and systems was entered into the LITCIT simulation software. Further, we ran the program and saved the results. Finally, we compared our results with the results in references and evaluated the. Results : Output results of the LITCIT show that they are consistent with the results of references that were calculated with a different thermal modeling. Such a small average error shows the accuracy of the software for simulation and calculating the temperature. Conclusions : This simulating software has a good ability to be used as a treatment planning software for superficial lasers. Thus, it can be used for the optimization of treatment parameters and protocols.

Clinical trial regulation in Argentina: overview and analysis of regulatory framework, use of existing tools, and researchers' perspectives to identify potential barriers Reglamentación de ensayos clínicos en la Argentina: panorama y análisis del marco normativo, uso de los instrumentos existentes y perspectivas de los investigadores para identificar posibles obstáculos

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Lauren White

2011-11-01

standards from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE and/or the World Association of Medical Editors (WAMEOBJETIVO: Examinar y analizar el marco normativo del registro de ensayos clínicos, el uso de los instrumentos existentes (bases de datos de registro nacionales o internacionales de acceso público, y las perspectivas de los investigadores para determinar posibles obstáculos al cumplimiento del registro por los patrocinadores y los investigadores en la Argentina. MÉTODOS: Se realizó una búsqueda en el sitio web clinicaltrials.gov y en la Plataforma Internacional de Registro de Ensayos Clínicos (ICTRP de los ensayos clínicos registrados en el ámbito internacional que reclutan pacientes en la Argentina y los resultados se compararon con los ensayos clínicos incluidos en el registro de acceso público de la Administración Nacional de Medicamentos, Alimentos y Tecnología Médica (ANMAT. Se elaboró un cuestionario que abordaba los hipotéticos obstáculos relacionados con la actitud hacia el registro y el conocimiento de este, así como obstáculos idiomáticos, técnicos y económicos que podrían desalentar o dificultar el registro de los ensayos clínicos, y se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semiestructuradas exhaustivas en una muestra de investigadores seleccionada para este fin (investigadores clínicos, patrocinadores y monitores en la Argentina. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvo una tasa de respuesta de 74,3% (n = 29 y finalmente se analizaron 27 entrevistas. Los resultados sugieren que la proporción elevada de ensayos clínicos con patrocinadores extranjeros o los ensayos multinacionales (64,8% de los protocolos aprobados por la ANMAT entre 1994 y el 2006 pueden contribuir a una deficiencia de comunicación entre los investigadores locales y los funcionarios administrativos ubicados en el extranjero. También se identificaron como factores limitantes para los investigadores y los patrocinadores locales la falta de conocimiento de los recursos

Control de calidad de las grasas de fritura. Validez de los métodos de ensayos rápidos en sustitución de la determinación de compuestos polares

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Dobarganes, M. C.

1995-06-01

Full Text Available In this paper, substitution of polar compound quantitation by quick tests for discarding used frying fats according to official regulation, is evaluated.
Two commercialized tests (VERI-FRY and OXIFRIT as well as two laboratory tests (PEREVALOV and Solubility in acetone:methanol 90:10 have been applied. Comparison of the results with those obtained for polar compounds indicated that OXIFRIT was the best quick tests as it gave the minimum percentage of enors. Given the present situation, the application of any of the two commercialized tests would contribute to improve frying fat quality.

Se estudia la validez de métodos de ensayo rápido para sustituir la determinación de compuestos polares establecida en la Norma de Calidad de aceites y grasas calentados.
Dos pruebas comercializadas (VERI-FRY y OXIFRIT y dos pruebas rápidas de laboratorio (PEREVALOV y Solubilidad en Acetona-Metanol 90:10 fueron aplicadas a un elevado número de muestras. Comparando los resultados obtenidos, con el contenido en compuestos polares, el ensayo denominado OXIFRIT dio el menor número de errores aunque la aplicación de cualquiera de las dos pruebas comercializadas contribuiría a mejorar la calidad de las grasas de fritura.

Efectos del tamaño de grilla sobre la modelación matemática distribuida del escurrimiento superficial en cuencas de llanura

OpenAIRE

Stenta, Hernan R.

2008-01-01

En el presente trabajo se analizan los efectos del tamaño de grilla sobre la modelación matemática distribuida del escurrimiento superficial en cuencas de llanura y se propone el escalamiento de parámetros con la finalidad de obtener respuestas hidrológicas e hidráulicas similares entre las diferentes discretizaciones para el escurrimiento superficial. Para el estudio se utiliza el modelo matemático cuasi-bidimensional CTSS8 (Riccardi, 2001); basado en esquemas de celdas con aproximación de o...

Diseño nanotecnológico de superficies con propiedades antibacterianas: el grafeno

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P de la Peña Benítez

Full Text Available La nanotecnología se está convirtiendo en los últimos años en una inmejorable herramienta en la elección de materiales para el diseño arquitectónico de espacios sensibles a las bacterias, como hospitales, clínicas, etc. El presente artículo hace un recorrido sobre las principales superficies antibacterianas. Siendo el grafeno un material que ofrece unas posibilidades inigualables gracias a sus propiedades, permitiéndonos mejorar los acabados superficiales por su alta actividad bactericida.

Carcinoma superficial multifocal do pênis: ênfase ao teste do azul de toluidina

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Hélio Begliomini

Full Text Available The author reports a case of penile multifocal superficial carcinoma in a white 66 years old male. The lesions on glans penis and prepuce were asymptomatic. Their appearence were plain reddish ulceration, irregular margins which became evident after circumcision. There was no palpable groin lymph node. The toluidine blue test was useful for guiding biopsies. A partial penectomy was undertaken with free surgical margins of tumor. In a follow-up of two years, penil erectile function is preserve with no tumor recurrence.

Lateral luxation of the superficial digital flexor tendon from the calcaneal tuber in two horses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meagher, D.M.; Aldrete, A.V.

1989-01-01

Lateral luxation of the superficial digital flexor tendon from the calcaneal tuber occurs in horses as a result of tearing or rupture of the medial retinaculum of the tendon. This report describes the repair of this condition in 2 Thoroughbred race horses, using a surgical technique in which 2 cancellous bone screws were placed in the calcaneus lateral to the tendon, along with suturing the medial retinaculum