Financial crises and monetary policy

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Goderis, B.V.G.

2005-01-01

In the last three decades, many countries and regions around the world have suffered from currency crises. This thesis investigates the causes of such crises and assesses the role of monetary policy as a tool to avoid them or limit the damage they impose. In addition, it studies the impact of the

Oil crises

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Linderoth, H.

1992-01-01

The author's aim was to give very precise information on the many causes and effects of the oil crises that have occurred since 1900, and at the same time offer the reader the possibility to build up a basic knowledge of the oil industry and market, as he feels that the public is often subjected to misleading information. Political and economical aspects are elaborated. First-hand sources such as statistics and investigations have been used as far as possible to give information on the oil market. An oil crisis is defined by the author as a significant change in the price of oil compared to prices of other goods. Changes can be in the form of either rising or falling prices. A special chapter concentrates on Denmark in relation to the oil crises. (AB) (165 refs.)

Systemic Crises and Growth

OpenAIRE

Romain Ranciere; Aaron Tornell; Frank Westermann

2005-01-01

In this paper, we document the fact that countries that have experienced occasional financial crises have, on average, grown faster than countries with stable financial conditions. We measure the incidence of crisis with the skewness of credit growth, and find that it has a robust negative effect on GDP growth. This link coexists with the negative link between variance and growth typically found in the literature. To explain the link between crises and growth we present a model where contract...

Gender trends in developing countries during financial crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

I.P. van Staveren (Irene)

2010-01-01

textabstractThe paper looks at several financial crises in the past: the Asian financial crisis, the Brazilian, Argentine and Turkish financial crises, around the turn of the last century. Data are analyzed for a 10-year period around these crises. The data include gender indicators (mostly

Human resource crises in German hospitals--an explorative study.

Science.gov (United States)

Schermuly, Carsten C; Draheim, Michael; Glasberg, Ronald; Stantchev, Vladimir; Tamm, Gerrit; Hartmann, Michael; Hessel, Franz

2015-05-28

The complexity of providing medical care in a high-tech environment with a highly specialized, limited labour force makes hospitals more crisis-prone than other industries. An effective defence against crises is only possible if the organizational resilience and the capacity to handle crises become part of the hospitals' organizational culture. To become more resilient to crises, a raised awareness--especially in the area of human resource (HR)--is necessary. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the process robustness against crises through the identification and evaluation of relevant HR crises and their causations in hospitals. Qualitative and quantitative methods were combined to identify and evaluate crises in hospitals in the HR sector. A structured workshop with experts was conducted to identify HR crises and their descriptions, as well as causes and consequences for patients and hospitals. To evaluate the findings, an online survey was carried out to rate the occurrence (past, future) and dangerousness of each crisis. Six HR crises were identified in this study: staff shortages, acute loss of personnel following a pandemic, damage to reputation, insufficient communication during restructuring, bullying, and misuse of drugs. The highest occurrence probability in the future was seen in staff shortages, followed by acute loss of personnel following a pandemic. Staff shortages, damage to reputation, and acute loss of personnel following a pandemic were seen as the most dangerous crises. The study concludes that coping with HR crises in hospitals is existential for hospitals and requires increased awareness. The six HR crises identified occurred regularly in German hospitals in the past, and their occurrence probability for the future was rated as high.

Gender inequality in economic crises

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lina Gálvez Muñoz

2012-03-01

Full Text Available This article presents a historical analysis of the economic crises of the last hundred years from a feminist economics perspective, highlighting three historical patterns that can help to advance in a deeper understanding of the current crisis and, above all, to guarantee a way out of this crisis with more and not less equality. The first pattern is that crises result in an intensification of women's work, especially the unpaid care work. The second one is that after economic crises male employment recovery is always previous to the female employment, which always ends even more precarious; and the third pattern is that crisis lead to setbacks in the advances made in gender equality in terms of regulation, equality policies and the rules of the game in general.

Financial Stress Indices and Financial Crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vermeulen, Robert; Hoeberichts, Marco; Vasicek, Borek; Zigraiova, Diana; Smidkova, Katerina; de Haan, Jakob

This paper develops a Financial Stress Index (FSI) for 28 OECD countries and examines its relationship to crises using a novel database for financial crises. A stress index measures the current state of stress in the financial system and summarizes it in a single statistic. Our results suggest that

The Social Costs of Financial Crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

M.A. van Dijk (Mathijs)

2013-01-01

textabstractThis paper studies the impact of financial crises on society. Using data on 187 banking crises in 126 countries over the period 1970-2009, I examine the impact of a crisis not only on the economy and the financial sector, but also on health, education, poverty, and gender issues. A

Crises in Asia or crisis of globalisation?

OpenAIRE

Dieter, Heribert

1998-01-01

The crises in Southeast and East Asia have started a new round of debate on the benefits and disadvantages of globalisation. We have to ask whether the crises in Asia were the result of failures in national economic policy or whether they were the consequence of ill-constructed global financial markets. It can be concluded that the crises were caused by a number of factors, both internal and external, but that the decisive shifts came from actors on international financial markets as well as ...

Identifying product development crises: The potential of adaptive heuristics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Münzberger, C.; Stingl, Verena; Oehmen, Josef

2017-01-01

This paper introduces adaptive heuristics as a tool to identify crises in design projects and highlights potential applications of these heuristics as decision support tool for crisis identification. Crises may emerge slowly or suddenly, and often have ambiguous signals. Thus the identification...... for the application of heuristics in design sciences. To achieve this, the paper compares crises to 'business as usual', and presents sixteen indicators for emerging crises. These indicators are potential cues for adaptive heuristics. Specifically three adaptive heuristics, One-single-cue, Fast-and-Frugal-Trees...

Finite-time singularities in the dynamics of Mexican financial crises

Science.gov (United States)

Alvarez-Ramirez, Jose; Ibarra-Valdez, Carlos

2004-01-01

Historically, symptoms of Mexican financial crises have been strongly reflected in the dynamics of the Mexican peso to the dollar exchange currency market. Specifically, in the Mexican financial crises during 1990's, the peso suffered significant depreciation processes, which has important impacts in the macro- and micro-economical environment. In this paper, it is shown that the peso depreciation growth was greater than an exponential and that these growth rates are compatible with a spontaneous singularity occurring at a critical time, which signals an abrupt transition to new dynamical conditions. As in the major 1990's financial crisis in 1994-1995, some control actions (e.g., increasing the USA dollar supply) are commonly taken to decelerate the degree of abruptness of peso depreciation. Implications of these control actions on the crisis dynamics are discussed. Interestingly, by means of a simple model, it is demonstrated that the time at which the control actions begin to apply is critical to moderate the adverse effects of the financial crisis.

Industry Specifics and Consumers’ Reactions to Business Crises

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kazlauskienė Asta

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Different scientific studies provide many valuable recommendations how to manage crises in order to lessen their negative effect on relations with consumers. But the question whether the same business crises management rules can be applied for different industries, or they must be adapted depending on industries specifics, has not received sufficient scientific attention. Knowledge gaps about industry specific effect on consumer reactions to business crises remain. This study focuses on understanding the differences in consumers’ reactions in business crises situations with regard to controversial evaluation in the society of “the sin industries” (alcohol, tobacco, gambling, etc. and ordinary industries (not having controversial associations. Experimental research design, including online experiment with tobacco, beer and functional soft drinks consumers (in total 306 respondents, was chosen for competing research hypotheses testing. Empirical evidence was in line with theoretical argumentation about less negative consumers’ reactions during business crises in case of “sin industries” versus ordinary industry. This study shows that consumers attitudes, such as perception of company’s product quality, trust, social responsibility and behavioural intentions, such as intention to buy and recommend company’s products, are less negative during business crises in lower reputation “sin industries” than in ordinary industries.

Banking Crises and Bank Resolution; Experiences in Some Transition Economies

OpenAIRE

International Monetary Fund

2002-01-01

Like most transition economies, Bulgaria, Lithuania, and Mongolia suffered severe banking crises, which had to be resolved before growth could resume. The macroeconomic and institutional failings that led to these crises are described, and parallels are drawn with the causes of banking crises in industrial and developing countries. Resolving the crises proved technically and politically difficult, and setbacks occurred. Successful resolution required the implementation of a comprehensive and ...

Age and the experience of strong self-conscious emotion.

Science.gov (United States)

Henry, Julie D; von Hippel, William; Nangle, Matthew R; Waters, Michele

2018-04-01

It remains unclear whether there are age-related changes in the experience of strong self-conscious emotion, such as shame, guilt, pride and embarrassment. Because shame and guilt figure prominently in the aetiology of depressive symptoms and other mental health problems, a better understanding of how age affects the strong experience of these two negative self-conscious emotions is of particular importance. Thirty younger, 30 middle-aged and 30 older adults were compared on standardised cognitive assessments, in addition to an interview-based measure that assessed whether there are age differences in the likelihood of strongly experiencing four different types of self-conscious emotion within the past five years (shame, guilt, embarrassment and pride). The three groups did not differ in their likelihood of reporting an event that strongly elicited the positive self-conscious emotion of pride. However, older adults were more likely to report sources of pride that were other (as opposed to self) focused. Older adults were also less likely to report experiencing events that elicited all three negative self-conscious emotions, in particular, shame. Strong negative self-conscious emotion, and in particular shame, appears to be experienced less by older than younger adults.

Past Adolescence, into and across Adulthood: Career Crises and Major Decisions

Science.gov (United States)

Bakshi, Anuradha J.

2011-01-01

Career-related crises and major decisions, support for these, and job satisfaction were surveyed in 124 varied individuals from Mumbai, India. All participants were in the post-career-entry stage and engaged in paid work; they differed with regard to age (range 18-75 years), sex, marital status, religion, education, occupation, income, and…

The Many Crises of Western Journalism

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Rasmus Kleis

of professional journalism in existential terms; the second focuses on the weaknesses of the professional model itself; the third defines the crisis in symbolic terms, as a morally problematic relation among journalists, citizens, and power holders. These three crisis frameworks raise different questions...... and professionally relatively robust countries like Finland and Germany, where symbolic issues loom large; to countries like the US, where economic, professional, and symbolic crises seem to coincide -- and are interpreted in large part through the lens of technology; to countries like France, Italy, and the UK......, where crises are seen to coincide but where the roots of crises are seen as predating the rise of the internet and the erosion of existing business models for journalism. Each interpretation of the crisis in Western journalism points to different solutions, from appeals to state intervention in several...

An Exploratory Study of Crises in Product Development

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Muenzberg, Christopher; Gericke, K.; Oehmen, Josef

2016-01-01

, which leads to the absence of crisis-specific design support [Münzberg et al.2015]. We conducted an explorative interview study to address the first research question. In this study 15 experienced design engineers were interviewed about their experiences with crises. We documented their understanding...... the interview results, by reflecting them against product development success factors [Gericke et al. 2013]. We propose these as a design support tool for crises, which is suitable for industrial practice. By answering the two questions, this paper contributes to theory by identifying "context factors", which...... of the interview study. In Section 4, crises are characterised and example situations are presented. Section 5 focuses on success factors. Section 6 closes with a discussion and conclusion, examining the answers to the research questions and developing a novel definition of crises in product development....

Vulnerability of countries to food-production crises propagating in the virtual water trade network

Science.gov (United States)

Tamea, S.; Laio, F.; Ridolfi, L.

2015-12-01

In recent years, the international trade of food and agricultural commodities has undergone a marked increase of exchanged volumes and an expansion of the trade network. This globalization of trade has both positive and negative effects, but the interconnectedness and external dependency of countries generate complex dynamics which are often difficult to understand and model. In this study we consider the volume of water used for the production of agricultural commodities, virtually exchanged among countries through commodity trade, i.e. the virtual water trade. Then, we set up a parsimonious mechanistic model describing the propagation, into the global trade network, of food-production crises generated locally by a social, economic or environmental event (such as war, economic crisis, drought, pest). The model, accounting for the network structure and the virtual water balance of all countries, bases on rules derived from observed virtual water flows and on data-based and statistically verified assumption. It is also tested on real case studies that prove its capability to capture the main features of crises propagation. The model is then employed as the basis for the development of an index of country vulnerability, measuring the exposure of countries to crises propagating in the virtual water trade network. Results of the analysis are discussed within the context of socio-economic and environmental conditions of countries, showing that not only water-scarce, but also wealthy and globalized countries, are among the most vulnerable to external crises. The temporal analysis for the period 1986-2011 reveals that the global average vulnerability has strongly increased over time, confirming the increased exposure of countries to external crises which may occur in the virtual water trade network.

Forecasting potential crises

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neufeld, W.P.

1984-01-01

Recently, the Trend Analysis Program (TAP) of the American Council of Life Insurance commissioned the Futures Group of Glastonbury, Connecticut, to examine the potential for large-scale catastrophic events in the near future. TAP was specifically concerned with five potential crises: the warming of the earth's atmosphere, the water shortage, the collapse of the physical infrastructure, the global financial crisis, and the threat of nuclear war. We are often unprepared to take action; in these cases, we lose an advantage we might have otherwise had. This is the whole idea behind forecasting: to foresee possibilities and to project how we can respond. If we are able to create forecasts against which we can test policy options and choices, we may have the luxury of adopting policies ahead of events. Rather than simply fighting fires, we have the option of creating a future more to our choosing. Short descriptions of these five potential crises and, in some cases, possible solutions are presented

Financial crises: A culture of complacency

OpenAIRE

Tucker, J.

2010-01-01

The aim of this paper is to consider the role of complacency in financial crises over the last two decades, with a closer look at the ongoing Subprime Mortgage Financial Crisis. The theme of complacency and the concept of financial crisis are both explored. Financial crises are better understood by explaining their economic drivers and the fundamental role of complacency in the various transmission mechanisms involved. These drivers are then illustrated by means of recent selected financial c...

Measuring complexity in Brazilian economic crises.

Science.gov (United States)

Mortoza, Letícia P D; Piqueira, José R C

2017-01-01

Capital flows are responsible for a strong influence on the foreign exchange rates and stock prices macroeconomic parameters. In volatile economies, capital flows can change due to several types of social, political and economic events, provoking oscillations on these parameters, which are recognized as economic crises. This work aims to investigate how these two macroeconomic variables are related with crisis events by using the traditional complex measures due to Lopez-Mancini-Calbet (LMC) and to Shiner-Davison-Landsberg (SDL), that can be applied to any temporal series. Here, Ibovespa (Bovespa Stock Exchange main Index) and the "dollar-real" parity are the background for calculating the LMC and SDL complexity measures. By analyzing the temporal evolution of these measures, it is shown that they might be related to important events that occurred in the Brazilian economy.

Human resource crises in German hospitals?an explorative study

OpenAIRE

Schermuly, Carsten C; Draheim, Michael; Glasberg, Ronald; Stantchev, Vladimir; Tamm, Gerrit; Hartmann, Michael; Hessel, Franz

2015-01-01

Background The complexity of providing medical care in a high-tech environment with a highly specialized, limited labour force makes hospitals more crisis-prone than other industries. An effective defence against crises is only possible if the organizational resilience and the capacity to handle crises become part of the hospitals? organizational culture. To become more resilient to crises, a raised awareness?especially in the area of human resource (HR)?is necessary. The aim of this paper is...

Managing Mental Health Crises of Foreign College Students.

Science.gov (United States)

Oropeza, Barbara A. Clark; And Others

1991-01-01

Notes that student services professionals manage a number of mental health crises as part of their job responsibilities. Examines some issues that arise from assisting foreign college students experiencing such crises, with special focus on psychiatric committal, withdrawal from school, and return to the home country. (Author)

Communication crisis and its solution through crises management

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nicoleta DĂNESCU

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Crises are never convenient as they are destructive. Any institution or organization may face a crisis situation, able to endanger its normal activity and reputation. Some crises are predictable and can be prevented, others cannot be grasped and thus prevented. Experience proved that, despite all technical, economical, financial or educational cautions taken to stop or control a crisis, it can get out of control and develop. In these circumstances, the crisis can bring serious prejudices to the organization if not properly managed from all points of view. Communication during crisis is extremely important, aiming at generating changes and taking action against the crisis. Above all, crises management consists in interpersonal relations. Management activity in crises situations develops a constant and complex communication process with the aid of which, the manager, the crisis cell, the entire staff interact in order to find the optimal strategies to survive the crisis situation.

Nouvelles analyses des crises alimentaires en Afrique de l'Ouest

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Janin, P.

2015-01-01

Full Text Available New analyses of food crises in West Africa. The issue of crisis is a central element of debate and a strategic challenge for all stakeholders in West Africa. Food and nutrition crises are recurrent in the region, with a level of intensity and high variability constituting renewed challenges. The definition, delimitation and management of these crises are provided by an established and structured professional field, which favors intervention. Different conceptual and contextual approaches can be mobilized to account for the diversity and complexity of food and nutrition crises. Some more descriptive approaches list the causes and manifestations of these crises, while others insist on the fact that they are created, and identify their dynamic as being linked to interactions between various phenomena. To date, most of the various institutional actors involved in addressing food and nutrition crises, both at national and international levels, have favored the gradual improvement of expert systems providing technical short-term responses. In parallel, this has led to a harmonization of these frameworks of thought, which has been detrimental to the consideration of the diversity of questions and the integration of non-institutional actors. These are the boundaries and limitations that this article aims to question, in order to reinvoke the political dimension of the management of food crises (and their eventual resolution.

Currency crises and the evolution of foreign exchange market: Evidence from minimum spanning tree

Science.gov (United States)

Jang, Wooseok; Lee, Junghoon; Chang, Woojin

2011-02-01

We examined the time series properties of the foreign exchange market for 1990-2008 in relation to the history of the currency crises using the minimum spanning tree (MST) approach and made several meaningful observations about the MST of currencies. First, around currency crises, the mean correlation coefficient between currencies decreased whereas the normalized tree length increased. The mean correlation coefficient dropped dramatically passing through the Asian crisis and remained at the lowered level after that. Second, the Euro and the US dollar showed a strong negative correlation after 1997, implying that the prices of the two currencies moved in opposite directions. Third, we observed that Asian countries and Latin American countries moved away from the cluster center (USA) passing through the Asian crisis and Argentine crisis, respectively.

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS DURING FINANCIAL CRISES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

VINTILA DENISIA MARIANA

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The fundamental idea of International capital flows is that short-term flows can be easily reversed, while flows on a longer time horizon are more stable. Crises are associated with withdrawals of short-term capital flows and growth of the foreign direct investment flows. The current crisis has meant a major decline of international capital flows, also of the foreign direct investment. The analysis in this article tries to establish if and under which conditions foreign direct investments can bring greater stability during the crisis, comparing the evolution of foreign direct investments in the current crisis with their response in previous crises. We show that during previous crises foreign direct investments were stable, behaving differently from other types of capital. Yet, during the current crisis, foreign direct investments have proven to be not so stable and all the components declined, raising questions about the resumption of the positive trend. The stability of foreign direct investments in the past was given by the increase of mergers and acquisitions during the crisis, reflecting fire-sale FDI. This feature is not found in the current crisis as mergers and acquisitions were severe affected by the crises and recorded a major decline. The current paper is realized in the doctoral program entitled PhD in economics at the standards of European knowledge- DoEsEc, scientific coordinator Prof. PhD Rodica Zaharia, institution The Academy of Economic Studies Bucharest, Faculty of International Business, period of research 2009-2012.

Do Economic Reforms Alleviate Subjective Well-Being Losses of Economic Crises?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bjørnskov, Christian

2014-01-01

Major economic crises tend to be followed by crises in subjective well-being. Following the financial and debt crises, politicians and social scientists have engaged in heated discussions of ways to alleviate such losses. In particular, should governments intervene more or less? This paper explores...... whether liberalizing economic institutions, a type of reform favoured by some economists, is likely to alleviate such loses. Estimating the effects of crises across European states 1975–2011 suggest that countries with relatively easy market regulations suffered smaller well-being losses....

Measuring complexity in Brazilian economic crises.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Letícia P D Mortoza

Full Text Available Capital flows are responsible for a strong influence on the foreign exchange rates and stock prices macroeconomic parameters. In volatile economies, capital flows can change due to several types of social, political and economic events, provoking oscillations on these parameters, which are recognized as economic crises. This work aims to investigate how these two macroeconomic variables are related with crisis events by using the traditional complex measures due to Lopez-Mancini-Calbet (LMC and to Shiner-Davison-Landsberg (SDL, that can be applied to any temporal series. Here, Ibovespa (Bovespa Stock Exchange main Index and the "dollar-real" parity are the background for calculating the LMC and SDL complexity measures. By analyzing the temporal evolution of these measures, it is shown that they might be related to important events that occurred in the Brazilian economy.

EPISTEMOLOGIA AMBIENTAL: A crise ambiental como uma crise da razão

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Matheus Silva De Gregori

2013-04-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a crise do meio ambiente sob uma abordagem epistemológica, ou seja, a partir do conhecimento produzido em relação à natureza. Verifica-se que o pensamento ocidental, manifestado pelos paradigmas da Ciência Moderna, está ligado à organização dos sistemas econômicos que reconheceram historicamente a natureza apenas como recurso e potencial de produção de capital, vindo a encontrar, por esta via, o limite entrópico da biosfera e, por conseguinte, do crescimento. Abordou-se o processo de construção do conhecimento, questionando-se a possibilidade de concepção de outras perspectivas, fundadas na inseparabilidade entre sujeito-objeto, ação-pensamento e homem-natureza. É percebida a necessidade do ser humano de se re-significar no mundo, conhecendo a complexidade da natureza e pensando além da crise ecológica.

Foreign exchange rate entropy evolution during financial crises

Science.gov (United States)

Stosic, Darko; Stosic, Dusan; Ludermir, Teresa; de Oliveira, Wilson; Stosic, Tatijana

2016-05-01

This paper examines the effects of financial crises on foreign exchange (FX) markets, where entropy evolution is measured for different exchange rates, using the time-dependent block entropy method. Empirical results suggest that financial crises are associated with significant increase of exchange rate entropy, reflecting instability in FX market dynamics. In accordance with phenomenological expectations, it is found that FX markets with large liquidity and large trading volume are more inert - they recover quicker from a crisis than markets with small liquidity and small trading volume. Moreover, our numerical analysis shows that periods of economic uncertainty are preceded by periods of low entropy values, which may serve as a tool for anticipating the onset of financial crises.

As crises do capitalismo democrático

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wolfgang Streeck

2012-03-01

Full Text Available O autor discute as sucessivas crises econômicas ocorridas nos países capitalistas desde os anos 1970, interpretando-as como produto de tensões e contradições endêmicas entre mercados capitalistas e políticas democráticas.The article retraces the successive economic crises in the capitalist countries since the 1970's, reading them as the result of tensions and contradictions between capitalist markets and democratic politics.

Crise do trabalho hoje: desenvolvimento tecnológico, instabilidade do emprego e crise do capitalismo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maurilio Lima Botelho

2016-06-01

Full Text Available O artigo procura retomar o tema da crise do trabalho discutindo três dimensões: o papel do desenvolvimento tecnológico na eliminação de postos de trabalho; a constante transformação nos processos produtivos que cria instabilidade no emprego e a improdutividade progressiva da força de trabalho mundial. Essas reflexões são a base para uma discussão mais ampla sobre a crise da sociedade do trabalho, isto é, a contradição estrutural que enfrentamos hoje de uma sociedade que tornou o trabalho como mecanismo básico de socialização, mas mobiliza todos os meios para eliminá-lo.

Linking Organizational Crises and Reactive Strategies via Dimensions Of Legitimacy

OpenAIRE

Heiko Breitsohl

2009-01-01

Research on organizational crises has typically focused on case studies or measures for crisis prevention, while the social dimension of crises has remained largely unexplored. In some rare exceptions, differences in the efficacy of reactive strategies depending on the type of crisis have been reported. However, the mechanisms behind these differences remain unclear. This paper aims to fill this gap by arguing that organizational crises and effective reactions are linked by different dimensio...

How do banking crises affect aggregate consumption? Evidence from international crisis episodes

OpenAIRE

Gerlach-Kristen, Petra; O'Connell, Brian; O'Toole, Conor

2013-01-01

This paper considers the effect of systemic financial crises on aggregate consumption. Using a sample of 23 countries over 32 years, we find that consumption growth seems lower during banking crises, crises following credit booms and crises following house price booms. Moreover, the response to income growth seems to change, which may be due to credit constraints. In the long run, consumption appears to be linked to income, housing and other financial wealth.

Is Monetary Policy Effective During Financial Crises?

OpenAIRE

Frederic S. Mishkin

2009-01-01

This short paper argues that the view that monetary policy is ineffective during financial crises is not only wrong, but may promote policy inaction in the face of a severe contractionary shock. To the contrary, monetary policy is more potent during financial crises because aggressive monetary policy easing can make adverse feedback loops less likely. The fact that monetary policy is more potent than during normal times provides a rationale for a risk-management approach to counter the contra...

The de-escalation of nuclear crises

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nation, J.E.

1992-01-01

Whether and by what means nations can successfully de-escalate nuclear crises - and avoid the disastrous effects of nuclear war - will remain two of the most critical challenges facing humankind. Whatever the future of superpower relations, the United States, the Soviet Union, and other nations will undoubtedly continue to possess and to threaten the use of nuclear weapons. Moreover, the number of nations with nuclear weapons seems likely to increase. This examines how nations in crises might successfully move back from the brink of nuclear war - and how confidence-building measures might help and hinder the de-escalatory process

International experiences with power supply crises

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2002-01-01

Many so-called deregulated power markets experience a hardened energy and power balance and some have had supply crises. This report discusses the crises, their impacts and their causes as well as the measures taken by the authorities to solve the crises. It also considers the similarities or dissimilarities with respect to the situation in Norway the winter 2002/2003. Like Norway, many of the countries have a considerable share of hydroelectric power. It is found, however, that the dependence on water of its own is not the reason for the crises, but that the inflow conditions give the market greater challenges. Furthermore, the Norwegian market has greater flexibility in the consumption, greater import capacity, better price security possibilities and less problems with market power than most of the countries here considered. Various factors influence a country's power consumption and production capacity. Economic growth and the availability of inexpensive power contribute to accelerate the consumption, while predictable external conditions and sufficient expected investment earnings are necessary to achieve an increase of the capacity - both through new investments and attendance to existing capacity. In a smooth power market there must be a certain correspondence between consumption and installed capacity, and the capacity must be such that it can cover the continuous demand for power and at the same time be flexible enough to deliver power at peak loads. This is also true of the transmission capacity. In addition, some extra capacity must be available for unexpected events. The basic problem is, in any power market, that the consumption may rise fast, while the investments in new capacity typically occurs in leaps, with long and costly construction phases. Many countries have lately experienced a hardening of the balance between consumption and capacity and so have been vulnerable to unexpected increases in consumption or resource failure. This was also the

Managing Product-Harm Crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

H.J. van Heerde (Harald); K. Helsen; M.G. Dekimpe (Marnik)

2005-01-01

textabstractProduct-harm crises are among a firm’s worst nightmares. Since marketing investments may be instrumental to convince consumers to purchase the firm's products again, it is important to provide an adequate measurement of the effectiveness of these investments, especially after the crisis.

How does capital affect bank performance during financial crises?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Berger, A.N.; Bouwman, C.H.S.

2013-01-01

This paper empirically examines how capital affects a bank’s performance (survival and market share) and how this effect varies across banking crises, market crises, and normal times that occurred in the US over the past quarter century. We have two main results. First, capital helps small banks to

Indicators of financial crises do work! : an early-warning system for six Asian countries

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lestano, [No Value; Jacobs, Jan; Kuper, Gerard H.

2003-01-01

Indicators of financial crisis generally do not have a good track record. This paper presents an early warning system for six countries in Asia, in which indicators do work.We distinguish three types of financial crises, currency crises, banking crises and debt crises, and extract four groups of

Piracetam for reducing the incidence of painful sickle cell disease crises.

Science.gov (United States)

Al Hajeri, Amani; Fedorowicz, Zbys

2016-02-12

Sickle cell disease is one of the most common genetic disorders. Sickle cell crises in which irregular and dehydrated cells contribute to blocking of blood vessels are characterised by episodes of pain. Treatment is mainly supportive and symptomatic. In vitro studies with piracetam indicate that it has the potential for inhibition and a reversal of the process of sickling of erythrocytes. This is an update of a previously published Cochrane review. To assess the effectiveness of piracetam for reducing the incidence of painful sickle cell disease crises. We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group Haemoglobinopathies Trials Register which comprises of references identified from comprehensive electronic database searches and handsearches of relevant journals and abstract books of conference proceedings.Last search of the Group's Haemoglobinopathies Trials Register: 21 September 2015. Randomised controlled trials comparing orally administered piracetam to placebo or standard care in people, of all ages and both sexes, with sickle cell disease. Two authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. Trial authors were contacted for additional information. Adverse effects data were collected from the trials. Three trials involving 169 participants were included in the review. A limited amount of data addressing some of the primary and some of the secondary outcomes were provided, but data were incomplete and based on un-validated assumptions used in the evaluation of outcomes. One trial reported a reduction in the number of pain crises and their severity with active intervention than placebo but presented no data to confirm these results. A second trial presented a monthly global pain score based on the number of sickle cell crises and severity of pain but included no separate data for these primary outcomes. Although there was no significant difference between the piracetam and placebo periods for the number of days of

BLOOD AMMONIA AND GLUTAMINE AS PREDICTORS OF HYPERAMMONEMIC CRISES IN UREA CYCLE DISORDER PATIENTS

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Brendan; Diaz, George A.; Rhead, William; Lichter-Konecki, U.; Feigenbaum, Annette; Berry, Susan A.; Le Mons, C.; Bartley, James A; Longo, Nicola; Nagamani, Sandesh C.; Berquist, William; Gallagher, Renata; Bartholomew, Dennis; Harding, Cary O.; Korson, Mark S.; McCandless, Shawn E.; Smith, Wendy; Cederbaum, Stephen; Wong, Derek; Merritt, J. Lawrence; Schulze, A.; Vockley, Gerard.; Kronn, David; Zori, Roberto; Summar, Marshall; Milikien, D.A.; Marino, M.; Coakley, D.F.; Mokhtarani, M.; Scharschmidt, B.F.

2014-01-01

Purpose To examine predictors of ammonia exposure and hyperammonemic crises (HAC) in patients with urea cycle disorders (UCDs). Methods The relationships between fasting ammonia, daily ammonia exposure, and HACs were analyzed in >100 UCD patients. Results Fasting ammonia correlated strongly with daily ammonia exposure (r=0.764, p200% (purea nitrogen. Fasting glutamine correlated weakly with AUC0-24 and was not a significant predictor of HACs. Conclusions Fasting ammonia correlates strongly and positively with daily ammonia exposure and with the risk and rate of HACs, suggesting that UCD patients may benefit from tight ammonia control. PMID:25503497

Avaliando o efeito contágio entre economias durante crises financeiras

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernanda Finotti Cordeiro Perobelli

2013-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho, a partir das metodologias sugeridas por Forbes e Rigobon (2002 e Corsetti, Pericoli e Sbracia (2005, é verificar indícios de efeito contágio entre quinze economias em oito episódios de crises financeiras. Conclui-se que o modelo de Corsetti, Pericoli e Sbracia (2005, como esperado, apresentou-se mais eficiente em encontrar indícios de efeito contágio, uma vez que abrange variações nas componentes dos retornos não consideradas pelo modelo de Forbes e Rigobon (2002. Os resultados, corroborados por testes de robustez, indicam a crise asiática de 1997 como a mais contagiosa, seguida pelo ataque terrorista de 11 de setembro de 2001, crise brasileira de 1999, bolha da internet de 2000 e crise do Subprime. Os outros episódios não apresentaram indícios de contágio, o que indica choques restritos ao país de origem da crise.

Building European Union capacity to manage transboundary crises : Network or lead-agency model?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Boin, Arjen; Busuioc, Madalina; Groenleer, Martijn

2014-01-01

In recent years, the European continent has witnessed a substantial number of "transboundary crises" - crises that cross geographical borders and affect multiple policy domains. Nation states find it hard to deal with such crises by themselves. International cooperation, thus, becomes increasingly

Macroeconomic narratives in a world of crises

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Urhammer, Emil; Røpke, Inge

2013-01-01

Since the financial crisis in 2008, a series of publications on macroeconomic responses to the compound crises of the economy and the environment have emerged. Under labels such as green new deal, green growth and the great transition, attempts at offering coherent responses to the crises have been...... discourse theory and narrative analysis and investigates discourses by studying the narratives they produce. The study thus contributes to the long line of analyses on discourses on sustainable economy: empirically, by investigating and analysing a number of macroeconomic proposals for solving the system...

State network approach to characteristics of financial crises

Science.gov (United States)

Qiu, Lu; Gu, Changgui; Xiao, Qin; Yang, Huijie; Wu, Guolin

2018-02-01

Extensive works have reported that a financial crisis can induce significant changes to topological structure of a stock network constructed with cross-correlations between stocks. But there are still some problems to be answered, such as what is the relationship between different crises in history and how to classify them? In the present work, we propose a new network-based solution to extract and display the relationships between the crises. The Dow Jones stock market is investigated as a typical example. The cross-correlation matrix between stocks is used to measure the state of stock market, called state matrix. All the states cluster into six sub-categories. A state network is constructed further to display the relationships between all the states, which contains a total of nine communities. It is found that three crises C , D and E (refer to the Lehman's bankruptcy in 2008, the Euro-zone and International Monetary Fund decide the first bailout for Greece in 2010, and the European sovereign debt crisis in 2011, respectively) belong to a specific sub-category and cluster in a single community. The mid-stage of C is closely linked with E, while the other stages with D. The other two crises A and B (refer to the financial crisis in Asia in 1997, and the burst of "dot-com bubble" in 2002, respectively) belong to another sub-category and gather in a corner of another single community. A and B are linked directly with C and D by two edges. By this way, we give a clear picture of the relationships between the crises.

Networked Social Reproduction: Crises in the Integrated Circuit

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Elise Danielle Thorburn

2016-07-01

Full Text Available This paper argues that the means of communication are sites for, and aspects of, social reproduction. In contemporary capitalism, motivated as it is by new, networked digital technologies, social reproduction is increasingly virtualised through the means of communication. Although recent political struggles have demonstrated how networked technologies can liberate social reproduction from the profit motive and from commodifying impulses, the tendency is to invoke and accelerate socially reproductive crises—crises in the capacity to reproduce ourselves both daily and intergenerationally. These crises have psychic and corporeal impacts, and intensify Tronti’s “social factory” thesis of capital’s technical composition. In order to develop modes and means of liberatory communication in the integrated circuit it is necessary to untangle and chart both the pathways and outcomes of the crises networked social reproduction invokes.

Linear and nonlinear market correlations: Characterizing financial crises and portfolio optimization

Science.gov (United States)

Haluszczynski, Alexander; Laut, Ingo; Modest, Heike; Räth, Christoph

2017-12-01

Pearson correlation and mutual information-based complex networks of the day-to-day returns of U.S. S&P500 stocks between 1985 and 2015 have been constructed to investigate the mutual dependencies of the stocks and their nature. We show that both networks detect qualitative differences especially during (recent) turbulent market periods, thus indicating strongly fluctuating interconnections between the stocks of different companies in changing economic environments. A measure for the strength of nonlinear dependencies is derived using surrogate data and leads to interesting observations during periods of financial market crises. In contrast to the expectation that dependencies reduce mainly to linear correlations during crises, we show that (at least in the 2008 crisis) nonlinear effects are significantly increasing. It turns out that the concept of centrality within a network could potentially be used as some kind of an early warning indicator for abnormal market behavior as we demonstrate with the example of the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. Finally, we apply a Markowitz mean variance portfolio optimization and integrate the measure of nonlinear dependencies to scale the investment exposure. This leads to significant outperformance as compared to a fully invested portfolio.

Crise alimentaire recente dans le troisieme arrondissement de ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'objectif de cette recherche est d'étudier les répercussions de la récente crise alimentaire sur les ménages de même que les stratégies développées en réaction aux effets de la crise. La démarche méthodologique adoptée dans le cadre de cette recherche est essentiellement basée sur la recherche documentaire et les ...

Crises parciais motoras induzidas por movimentos em pacientes diabéticos

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Glória M. A. S. Tedrus

1991-12-01

Full Text Available Levando em conta o número restrito de casos em âmbito internacional e a ausência de publicações na literatura nacional, os autores apresentam três casos de crises motoras focais induzidas por movimentos em pacientes diabéticos com mais de 50 anos de idade. As crises eram numerosas, sendo também desencadeadas ao serem assumidas determinadas posturas. Em dois casos havia hiperglicemia não cetótica. Todos os pacientes apresentavam hemiparesia e, em dois, tal déficit desapareceu após o cotnrole das crises. No outro paciente a hemiparesia era decorrente de acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico instalado 6 meses antes. Síndrome parietal transitória foi observada nos três pacientes. O EEG crítico mostrou, em dois pacientes, descargas na região parieto-occipital e, em um, na região temporal média contralateral. As crises foram resistentes aos anticonvulsivantes, só havendo controle com o tratamento dos distúrbios metabólicos. São discutidos aspectos clínico-eletren-cefalográficos e etiopatogênicos. A pesquisa do caráter reflexo das crises e a dosagem da glicemia devem ser feitas em todos os pacientes idosos com crises motoras focais, face às implicações de ordem terapêutica e prognóstica.

Rationalised panics : The consequences of strategic uncertainty during financial crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Daniëls, T.

2009-01-01

This dissertation is about currency and related financial crises such as the contagious Southeast Asian crisis of 1997 or Argentina's collapse and default in 2001. It argues that key to understanding these crises is the doubt that they inflict on market participants about the intentions and actions

The Effect of Monetary Policy on Exchange Rates during Currency Crises; The Role of Debt, Institutions and Financial Openness

NARCIS (Netherlands)

S.C.W. Eijffinger (Sylvester); B. Goderis

2007-01-01

textabstractThis paper examines the effect of monetary policy on the exchange rate during currency crises. Using data for a number of crisis episodes between 1986 and 2004, we find strong evidence that raising the interest rate: (i) has larger adverse balance sheet effects and is therefore less

The Effect of Monetary Policy on Exchange Rates During Currency Crises : The Role of Debt, Institutions and Financial Openness

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Eijffinger, S.C.W.; Goderis, B.V.G.

2007-01-01

This paper examines the effect of monetary policy on the exchange rate during currency crises. Using data for a number of crisis episodes between 1986 and 2004, we find strong evidence that raising the interest rate: (i) has larger adverse balance sheet effects and is therefore less effective in

Crises gêmeas nos mercados emergentes: América Latina x Leste Asiático

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Tito Belchior Silva Moreira

2009-06-01

Full Text Available This article uses a crisis index based on an average of the variations in currency and financial crises indicators, referred to as “twin crises ”, adjusting them to the same volatility. Thus, the objective is to measure the degree of vulnerability to twin crises within a group of 19 countries in the context of the East Asian crisis. Based on the crisis index regarding data from 1996, the most vulnerable countries of the twin crises can be ordered and identified a year before the onset of the crises. East Asian countries, in contrast with Latin American countries, were identified as the most vulnerable to twin crises.

Crises gêmeas nos mercados emergentes: América Latina x Leste Asiático

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tito Belchior Silva Moreira

2004-01-01

Full Text Available This article uses a crisis index based on an average of the variations in currency and financial crises indicators, referred to as "twin crises", adjusting them to the same volatility. Thus, the objective is to measure the degree of vulnerability to twin crises within a group of 19 countries in the context of the East Asian crisis. Based on the crisis index regarding data from 1996, the most vulnerable countries of the twin crises can be ordered and identified a year before the onset of the crises. East Asian countries, in contrast with Latin American countries, were identified as the most vulnerable to twin crises.

Intervention in systemic banking crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Homar, T.

2016-01-01

Systemic banking crises often continue into recessions with large output losses. Governments and central banks intervene to preserve the key functions of the financial system and to mitigate the adverse impact of financial distress on economic growth. This thesis investigates how effective

Are We Entering an Era of Concatenated Global Crises?

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Duan Biggs

2011-06-01

Full Text Available An increase in the frequency and intensity of environmental crises associated with accelerating human-induced global change is of substantial concern to policy makers. The potential impacts, especially on the poor, are exacerbated in an increasingly connected world that enables the emergence of crises that are coupled in time and space. We discuss two factors that can interact to contribute to such an increased concatenation of crises: (1 the increasing strength of global vs. local drivers of change, so that changes become increasingly synchronized; and (2 unprecedented potential for the propagation of crises, and an enhanced risk of management interventions in one region becoming drivers elsewhere, because of increased connectivity. We discuss the oil-food-financial crisis of 2007 to 2008 as an example of a concatenated crisis with origin and ultimate impacts in far removed parts of the globe. The potential for a future of concatenated shocks requires adaptations in science and governance including (a an increased tolerance of uncertainty and surprise, (b strengthening capacity for early detection and response to shocks, and (c flexibility in response to enable adaptation and learning.

Organizational Crises and Reactions from a Legitimacy Perspective - Results from Two Multiple-case Studies

OpenAIRE

Heiko Breitsohl

2009-01-01

Organizational crises can be conceptualized as interactions between organizations and stake-holders around the breach and reestablishment of common norms and social codes, i.e. per-ceptions of legitimacy. This paper contributes to the understanding of organizational crises by exploring the roles of dimensions of legitimacy in organizational crises as well as the role of different reactions in the resolution of crises. Results of two qualitative multiple-case studies based on analyses of media...

A crise Baring e a crise do Encilhamento nos quadros da economia-mundo capitalista The Baring crisis and the Encilhamento crisis in the context of the capitalist world-economy

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Felipe Amin Filomeno

2010-04-01

Full Text Available O final do século XIX foi marcado, para Brasil e Argentina, por crescimento e instabilidade na economia. Neste período, ocorreram duas importantes crises econômicas, que ficaram conhecidas como crise Baring (na Argentina e crise do Encilhamento (no Brasil. Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar as conexões existentes entre essas duas crises e a conjuntura da economia-mundo capitalista das últimas décadas do século XIX, enfatizando o problema da dívida externa e da política econômica, e re-organizando algumas contribuições da historiografia econômica por meio da metodologia da "encompassing comparison" e da teoria dos ciclos mundiais de endividamento. O artigo mostra que ambas as crises estiveram condicionadas pela dinâmica da economia-mundo capitalista, especialmente pelos fluxos mundiais de capital, não sendo resultados exclusivos de políticas econômicas nacionais.The end of the 19th century was characterized by economic growth and instability in Brazil and Argentina. In this period, two important economic crises took place - the Baring Crisis (in Argentina and the Encilhamento Crisis (in Brazil. The aim of this paper is to present the connections between these two crises and the dynamics of the capitalist world-economy of the end of the 19th century, focusing on the problems of external debt and economic policy and re-organizing some contributions of economic historiography through the methodology of "encompassing comparison" and of the world debt cycles' theory. The paper concludes that both crises were influenced by the dynamics of the capitalist world-economy, especially by the international flows of capital, and that they were not exclusive results of national economic policies.

Managing transboundary crises: Identifying building blocks of an effective response system.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ansell, C; Boin, R.A.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/161938876; Keller, A

2010-01-01

In recent years, crises have become increasingly transboundary in nature. This exploratory paper investigates whether and how the transboundary dimensions of crises such as pandemics, cyber attacks and prolonged critical infrastructure failure accentuate the challenges that public and private

String of defaults: Spanish financial crises through the years

OpenAIRE

Shachmurove, Tomer; Shachmurove, Yochanan

2011-01-01

Like many countries, Spain has gone through a series of financial crises, both before and after its industrialization. There are many underlying causes for these crises, as well as for the current Spanish downturn. It is worth noting that there are similarities between recessions throughout the history of Spain. The role of government spending, government regulation, credit institutions, budget deficits, the political climate, and international trade have been important determinants of the st...

The effects of systemic crises when investors can be crisis ignorant

NARCIS (Netherlands)

H.J.W.G. Kole (Erik); C.G. Koedijk (Kees); M.J.C.M. Verbeek (Marno)

2004-01-01

textabstractSystemic crises can largely affect asset allocations due to the rapid deterioration of the risk-return trade-off. We investigate the effects of systemic crises, interpreted as global simultaneous shocks to financial markets, by introducing an investor adopting a crisis ignorant or crisis

Towards a realtime Twitter analysis during crises for operational crisis management

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Terpstra, T.; Stronkman, R.J.P.; Vries, A. de; Paradies, G.L.

2012-01-01

Today's crises attract great attention on social media, from local and distant citizens as well as from news media. This study investigates the possibilities of real-time and automated analysis of Twitter messages during crises. The analysis was performed through application of an information

Global effects of local food-production crises: a virtual water perspective.

Science.gov (United States)

Tamea, Stefania; Laio, Francesco; Ridolfi, Luca

2016-01-25

By importing food and agricultural goods, countries cope with the heterogeneous global water distribution and often rely on water resources available abroad. The virtual displacement of the water used to produce such goods (known as virtual water) connects together, in a global water system, all countries participating to the international trade network. Local food-production crises, having social, economic or environmental origin, propagate in this network, modifying the virtual water trade and perturbing local and global food availability, quantified in terms of virtual water. We analyze here the possible effects of local crises by developing a new propagation model, parsimonious but grounded on data-based and statistically-verified assumptions, whose effectiveness is proved on the Argentinean crisis in 2008-09. The model serves as the basis to propose indicators of crisis impact and country vulnerability to external food-production crises, which highlight that countries with largest water resources have the highest impact on the international trade, and that not only water-scarce but also wealthy and globalized countries are among the most vulnerable to external crises. The temporal analysis reveals that global average vulnerability has increased over time and that stronger effects of crises are now found in countries with low food (and water) availability.

Individuals' Interest in Preventing Everyday Accidents and Crises: A Swedish Explorative Study of the Importance of Motivation

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Erika Wall

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This explorative study presents an empirical examination of the connection between motivation and the measures individuals take to prevent everyday accidents and prepare for crises. Positional factors (age and gender and situational factors (education, size of locality, and household composition are included because the literature highlights their importance. The study used data gathered in a 2010/2011 poll of randomly selected Swedish residents aged 16–75 (N = 2000; 44.8% response rate. A factor analysis reduced the theoretical model for situational motivation (Guay, Vallerand, & Blanchard, 2000 from four to two dimensions: motivation and amotivation. Subsequent regression analyses statistically confirmed the connection between motivation or amotivation and the extent to which individuals pursue preventative and preparedness measures, even when accounting for positional and situational factors. These findings underscore the need for continued studies of individuals’ incentives to prevent accidents and prepare for crises and for the study of the nuances of (situational motivation and preventive/preparedness measures.

Psychological Support for Families During Crises (as exemplified by families members of Ukrainian war veterans

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yablonska Tetiana

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The goal of the article is to describe the theoretical and empirical research of characteristics of families under non-normative crises, having as an example the families of combatants participated in the anti-terrorist operation in Ukraine. The following family crises are discussed: normative crises, as period of transition from one stage of the family life cycle to another and non-normative crises caused by traumatic life events.

A half-baked solution: drivers of water crises in Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Godinez Madrigal, Jonatan; van der Zaag, Pieter; van Cauwenbergh, Nora

2018-02-01

Mexico is considered a regional economic and political powerhouse because of the size of its economy, and a large population in constant growth. However, this same growth accompanied by management and governance failures are causing several water crises across the country. The paper aims at identifying and analyzing the drivers of water crises. Water authorities seem to focus solely on large infrastructural schemes to counter the looming water crises, but fail to structure a set of policies for the improvement of management and governance institutions. The paper concludes with the implications of a business-as-usual policy based on infrastructure for solving water problems, which include a non-compliance to the human right to water and sanitation, ecosystem collapses and water conflicts.

Strengthening the evidence base for health programming in humanitarian crises.

Science.gov (United States)

Ager, A; Burnham, G; Checchi, F; Gayer, M; Grais, R F; Henkens, M; Massaquoi, M B F; Nandy, R; Navarro-Colorado, C; Spiegel, P

2014-09-12

Given the growing scale and complexity of responses to humanitarian crises, it is important to develop a stronger evidence base for health interventions in such contexts. Humanitarian crises present unique challenges to rigorous and effective research, but there are substantial opportunities for scientific advance. Studies need to focus where the translation of evidence from noncrisis scenarios is not viable and on ethical ways of determining what happens in the absence of an intervention. Robust methodologies suited to crisis settings have to be developed and used to assess interventions with potential for delivery at scale. Strengthening research capacity in the low- to middle-income countries that are vulnerable to crises is also crucial. Copyright © 2014, American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Stochastic Modeling of Past Volcanic Crises

Science.gov (United States)

Woo, Gordon

2018-01-01

The statistical foundation of disaster risk analysis is past experience. From a scientific perspective, history is just one realization of what might have happened, given the randomness and chaotic dynamics of Nature. Stochastic analysis of the past is an exploratory exercise in counterfactual history, considering alternative possible scenarios. In particular, the dynamic perturbations that might have transitioned a volcano from an unrest to an eruptive state need to be considered. The stochastic modeling of past volcanic crises leads to estimates of eruption probability that can illuminate historical volcanic crisis decisions. It can also inform future economic risk management decisions in regions where there has been some volcanic unrest, but no actual eruption for at least hundreds of years. Furthermore, the availability of a library of past eruption probabilities would provide benchmark support for estimates of eruption probability in future volcanic crises.

Banking Crises, Deposit Insurance, and Market Discipline: Lessons from the Asian Crises

OpenAIRE

Kaoru Hosono; Hiroko Iwaki; Kotaro Tsuru

2005-01-01

We investigate the effectiveness of market discipline by depositors during the period of 1992-2002 in the four crisis-hit Asian countries: Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia and Thailand. In Indonesia, the crises first weakened and then strengthened market, which is consistent with the wake-up-call effect found for the Latin American crisis-hit countries (Martinez Peria and Schmukler, 2001). Unlike Indonesia, we could not find an increase in depositors' responsiveness to bank risk after the crisis in...

Estando em crise hipertensiva numa emergência hospitalar

OpenAIRE

Borenstein,Miriam Susskind; Erdmann,Alacoque Lorenzini

1994-01-01

O estudo aborda a situação de saúde do cliente que apresenta crise hipertensiva ao chegar numa emergência hospitalar. Explora dados relativos às características pessoais e clínico epidemiológicas gerais, além de hábitos de vida que nos dão uma noçãoda amplitude da problemática de estar com a saúde "em estado de emergência". Finalizando, as autoras tecem algumas considerações sobre a necessidadede ultrapassar o foco somente biológico no atendimento a clientes com crise hipertensiva, buscando n...

Gérer les grandes crises sanitaires, écologiques, politiques et économiques

CERN Document Server

Crocq, P L; Vraie, B

2009-01-01

Crises internationales, politiques, sociales, financières, économiques, pandémies, catastrophes, attentats, prises d'otages, et, plus couramment, crises dans l'entreprise... Chacune se déroule sous stress pour le dirigeant, les cadres, la population. Comment gérer ce stress et surtout prendre les bonnes décisions ? Trois experts ont mis en commun leur expérience pour élaborer ce manuel pratique des conduites à tenir, depuis l'instauration d'une culture de crise en amont jusqu'au débriefing psychologique de fin de crise. Un livre qui s'adresse à tous ceux qui, responsables de collectivités publiques ou privées, ont ou auront à affronter des situations d'urgence. Un livre clé pour se préparer à affronter l'urgence, l'imprévisible et même l'inimaginable.

Evidence of Large Fluctuations of Stock Return and Financial Crises from Turkey: Using Wavelet Coherency and Varma Modeling to Forecast Stock Return

Science.gov (United States)

Oygur, Tunc; Unal, Gazanfer

Shocks, jumps, booms and busts are typical large fluctuation markers which appear in crisis. Models and leading indicators vary according to crisis type in spite of the fact that there are a lot of different models and leading indicators in literature to determine structure of crisis. In this paper, we investigate structure of dynamic correlation of stock return, interest rate, exchange rate and trade balance differences in crisis periods in Turkey over the period between October 1990 and March 2015 by applying wavelet coherency methodologies to determine nature of crises. The time period includes the Turkeys currency and banking crises; US sub-prime mortgage crisis and the European sovereign debt crisis occurred in 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Empirical results showed that stock return, interest rate, exchange rate and trade balance differences are significantly linked during the financial crises in Turkey. The cross wavelet power, the wavelet coherency, the multiple wavelet coherency and the quadruple wavelet coherency methodologies have been used to examine structure of dynamic correlation. Moreover, in consequence of quadruple and multiple wavelet coherence, strongly correlated large scales indicate linear behavior and, hence VARMA (vector autoregressive moving average) gives better fitting and forecasting performance. In addition, increasing the dimensions of the model for strongly correlated scales leads to more accurate results compared to scalar counterparts.

Fundo público e políticas sociais na crise do capitalismo

OpenAIRE

Salvador,Evilasio

2010-01-01

A característica comum a todas as crises financeiras dos últimos trinta anos é o comparecimento do fundo público para socorrer instituições financeiras falidas durante as crises bancárias, à custa dos impostos pagos pelos cidadãos. Com a financeirização da riqueza, os mercados financeiros passam a disputar cada vez mais recursos do fundo público, impedindo a expansão dos direitos sociais. Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a crise do capital a partir do papel exercido pelo fundo público e ...

[Crises in interpersonal relations--stimulation or blocking of mutual growth?].

Science.gov (United States)

Willi, J

1986-01-01

Time and again, couples have to cope with changes and challenges (e.g. choice of partner, marriage, childbirth and upbringing, retirement, infirmity, etc.) which cause stress and crises to their relationship. They may try to forestall such pressing changes by entering a collusion and clinging to well-established solutions. In the therapy of chronic relational crises, it has to be taken into consideration that in case of a divorce, the partners often have no real possibilities to make a new start, and that it is often more useful to support the actual coping strategies of the couple. In urgent crises, it is recommended that the therapist structures even cuts off the partners' interactions through separation or the intervention of third parties. Only when calm has been obtained should the actual conflict be treated.

A Trilogy of Unfortunate Events in China: Reflecting on the Management of Crises

OpenAIRE

Zhang A. Long; William Crandall; John Parnell

2010-01-01

In this paper, the authors address three recent organizational crises that have occurred in China; the SK-II cosmetic incident, the Sharon Stone comment on the May 2008 earthquake in China, and the melamine milk contamination crisis. Each held significant notoriety due to the crises involving major companies and an assortment of negative outcomes. After presenting an overview of each case, the authors outline their reflections on the management of these crises in relation to their cultural co...

La crise européenne. Un regard de géographe

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yann Richard

2012-04-01

Full Text Available L’Union européenne est durement affectée par la crise des dettes souveraines. Cette crise peut être interprétée comme la conséquence de plusieurs faits importants : une absence de leadership européen, des inégalités fortes parfois anciennes entre les performances macroéconomiques des pays membres, des faiblesses structurelles déjà observables avant la crise dans certains pays. Mais le principal facteur de fragilité de l’Union européenne réside dans sa division interne. Tant que la problématique de l’intégration européenne ne sera pas appropriée par les citoyens européens eux-mêmes et tant que certaines politiques ne seront pas davantage coordonnées, l’Union restera sur le fil du rasoir. Cette crise met en lumière l’essoufflement d’un certain modèle d’intégration. Dans cet article, on explore ces problématiques avec un regard géographique.

Victorian Financial Crises and their Implications for the Future

OpenAIRE

Kenneth N Kuttner

2010-01-01

Banking crises were a relatively common occurrence in 19th century England. Like the Federal Reserve today, the Bank of England struggled to quell panics by acting as the lender of last resort, while at the same time maintaining monetary stability. This article surveys the events leading up to and the Bank's response to the four post-1844 crises, highlights some of the similarities between the Victorian era panics and the 2007–08 crisis, and draws on the 19th century experience to illustrate ...

Constituição, realidade e crise

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wilson Antônio Steinmetz

2016-12-01

ção enquanto locus epistêmico de análise e reflexão sobre as constituições. O que muda é a descrição ou a interpretação da relação entre Constituição e realidade que cada uma das inúmeras teorias da Constituição propõe e a ênfase, descritiva ou valorativa, que se atribui aos polos da relação. Na atual quadra da história do Brasil, retomar a pesquisa e a reflexão rigorosas sobre a dialética Constituição-realidade é, se não uma imposição, muito recomendável à comunidade científica do direito, especialmente àqueles que investigam o direito como fenômeno normativo e suas projeções sobre as relações políticas e sociais. Nosso País vive aquela que talvez seja a maior crise após a redemocratização. À crise política somam-se uma crise econômica e uma crise financeira do Estado, nos três níveis da Federação. A crise política por si mesma não seria atemorizante ou ameaçadora. Desde a redemocratização em meados dos anos 1980, atravessamos crises políticas sem rupturas institucionais ou constitucionais. No pós-1988, a Constituição tem se mostrado adequada e, ao mesmo tempo, resistente às crises políticas sazonais. No entanto, há fundados motivos para supormos que a atual crise – que possui uma dimensão política, uma dimensão econômica e uma dimensão financeira – desafia e continuará desafiando a engenharia institucional e organizacional desenhada pela Constituição de 1988. Primeiro, as dimensões da crise formam uma unidade, estão profundamente imbricadas. Passados dois anos, constata-se que a solução da crise geral depende de uma solução articulada ou encadeada das três dimensões. Segundo, o País necessita de uma ampla reforma política para a qual os partidos, os grupos e as facções políticas parecem ter disposição nenhuma para convergir. Terceiro, a crise sinaliza que o Estado brasileiro, em todas as suas esferas, já não tem condições de, simultaneamente, cumprir todas as tarefas que a Constitui

Science during crisis: the application of social science during major environmental crises

Science.gov (United States)

Machlis, Gary; Ludwig, Kris; Manfredo, Michael J.; Vaske, Jerry J.; Rechkemmer, Andreas; Duke, Esther

2014-01-01

Historical and contemporary experience suggests that science plays an increasingly critical role in governmental and institutional responses to major environmental crises. Recent examples include major western wildfires (2009), the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (2010), the Fukushima nuclear accident (2011), and Hurricane Sandy (2012). The application of science during such crises has several distinctive characteristics, as well as essential requirements if it is to be useful to decision makers. these include scope conditions that include coupled natural/human systems, clear statement of uncertainties and limitations, description of cascading consequences, accurate sense of place, estimates of magnitude of impacts, identification of beneficiaries and those adversely affected, clarity and conciseness, compelling visualization and presentation, capacity to speak "truth to power", and direct access to decision makers. In this chapter, we explore the role and significance of science – including all relevant disciplines and focusing attention on the social sciences – in responding to major environmental crises. We explore several important questions: How is science during crisis distinctive? What social science is most useful during crises? What distinctive characteristics are necessary for social science to make meaningful contributions to emergency response and recovery? How might the social sciences be integrated into the strategic science needed to respond to future crises? The authors, both members of the Department of the Interior's innovative Strategic Sciences Group, describe broad principles of engagement as well as specific examples drawn from history, contemporary efforts (such as during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill), and predictions of environmental crises still to be confronted.

MEASURES AND INSTRUMENTS USED AS A RESPONSE TO CRISES IN EUROPEAN UNION - AN OVERVIEW

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FIRTESCU BOGDAN

2011-07-01

Full Text Available During latest times, financial crises have been a common occurrence in emerging market (and transition countries with negative influence for the economies. Financial crises have had negative effects on real output, work force, poverty and political instability. Latest crises (2008 that struck US become international, its consequence being received in European countries too. This paper wants to discuss some intervention measures taken in the European Union Area and some importants funds used as tools for crises fighting. The European Economic Recovery Plan and EU funding mechanisms (The European Social Fund (ESF and The European Globalization Adjustment Fund (EGF are taken into discussion.

Impact of the topology of global macroeconomic network on the spreading of economic crises.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Kyu-Min; Yang, Jae-Suk; Kim, Gunn; Lee, Jaesung; Goh, Kwang-Il; Kim, In-mook

2011-03-31

Throughout economic history, the global economy has experienced recurring crises. The persistent recurrence of such economic crises calls for an understanding of their generic features rather than treating them as singular events. The global economic system is a highly complex system and can best be viewed in terms of a network of interacting macroeconomic agents. In this regard, from the perspective of collective network dynamics, here we explore how the topology of the global macroeconomic network affects the patterns of spreading of economic crises. Using a simple toy model of crisis spreading, we demonstrate that an individual country's role in crisis spreading is not only dependent on its gross macroeconomic capacities, but also on its local and global connectivity profile in the context of the world economic network. We find that on one hand clustering of weak links at the regional scale can significantly aggravate the spread of crises, but on the other hand the current network structure at the global scale harbors higher tolerance of extreme crises compared to more "globalized" random networks. These results suggest that there can be a potential hidden cost in the ongoing globalization movement towards establishing less-constrained, trans-regional economic links between countries, by increasing vulnerability of the global economic system to extreme crises.

Estando em crise hipertensiva numa emergência hospitalar

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Miriam Susskind Borenstein

1994-09-01

Full Text Available O estudo aborda a situação de saúde do cliente que apresenta crise hipertensiva ao chegar numa emergência hospitalar. Explora dados relativos às características pessoais e clínico epidemiológicas gerais, além de hábitos de vida que nos dão uma noçãoda amplitude da problemática de estar com a saúde "em estado de emergência". Finalizando, as autoras tecem algumas considerações sobre a necessidadede ultrapassar o foco somente biológico no atendimento a clientes com crise hipertensiva, buscando novos hábitos saudáveis de vida.

Currency crises: Is Asia different?

OpenAIRE

Diehl, Markus; Schweickert, Rainer

1998-01-01

International investors' enthusiasm with respect to growth prospects in Southeast Asia has been followed by panic. Both the outstanding economic performance of Southeast Asian economies and their ability to master adjustment challenges had led most observers of these economies to the conclusion that "Asia is different". In comparison with previous currency crises, the macroeconomic fundamentals (GDP growth, inflation, fiscal deficit, external indebtedness, domestic savings, export performance...

Greek-Turkish Crises since 1955. Implications for Greek-Turkish Conflict Management

Science.gov (United States)

1997-03-01

NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS GREEK-TURKISH CRISES SINCE 1955. IMPLICATIONS FOR GREEK-TURKISH CONFLICT MANAGEMENT by...EU, WEU) have only to gain from a Greek-Turkish rapprochement. 14. SUBJECT TERMS GrEek-Turkish RElATiONS, CRiSiS MANAgEMENT, CONfLICT management 15...crises, because the intended outcome of mediation attempts has been regional stability instead of Greek-Turkish conflict management . Power mediation

Financial Crises and Danish Contract Law

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Mads Bryde; Lookofsky, Joseph

2016-01-01

of these exceptions - e.g. with specific focus on exceptions related to the possible effects of financial crises ("Hardship") - account must also be taken of their interaction in Danish legal theory and practice, not least because Danish courts do not always specify the exact legal principle which they apply when...

Environmental crises in developing countries: control measures in economic sense

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rayana, K.B.N.

1999-01-01

Most of the developing countries consist of similar type of problems and crises of environment. This may be due to industries vehicles, or agriculture. Referring to the Asian countries it may be due to policy, relocation of industries, different levels of economic crises etc. This study includes impact of environment vs socio, policy, population, demography. The feasibility observed as enhancement of economic status, involving local society, cost base sharing, upgrading the employment opportunities, firm steps and policies, and agenda changes and adoptions. (Author)

Families in the context of macroeconomic crises: A systematic review.

Science.gov (United States)

Fonseca, Gabriela; Cunha, Diana; Crespo, Carla; Relvas, Ana Paula

2016-09-01

The present study is a systematic review of empirical literature from the last 35 years on families' responses to economic distress in the context of macroeconomic crises. Thirty-nine studies published between 1983 and 2015 in 12 countries were identified, resulting in 3 main findings. First, economic distress was associated with negative changes in family dynamics, specifically couple relationships and parenting. Second, protective factors were found to buffer the adverse effects of economic distress on family and individual outcomes. Third, the results suggest that individual responses to macroeconomic crises may be moderated by sex. Implications for future research encompass using validated assessment instruments, including participants beyond 2-parent families with adolescent children and conducting both longitudinal and qualitative studies that focus on the processes and meanings of adaptation within this risk context. Conclusions highlighted the need to assist families dealing with macroeconomic crises' demands, encouraging the development and validation of macrosystemic intervention programs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Collective Intelligence in Crises

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Büscher, Monika; Liegl, Michael; Thomas, Vanessa

2014-01-01

New practices of social media use in emergency response seem to enable broader `situation awareness' and new forms of crisis management. The scale and speed of innovation in this field engenders disruptive innovation or a reordering of social, political, economic practices of emergency response....... By examining these dynamics with the concept of social collective intelligence, important opportunities and challenges can be examined. In this chapter we focus on socio-technical aspects of social collective intelligence in crises to discuss positive and negative frictions and avenues for innovation...

ECONOMIC CRISES – GLOBAL AND LOCAL – IN REFLECTION OF POLISH PRESS

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Krzysztof Gibek

2010-01-01

Full Text Available One of the sociological features of the current economic crises had been its beginning as a media fact rather than economic reality for ordinary people in Poland. Until the very end of 2008 the offi cial strategy of Polish government was denying of present of any economic crises in Poland: “The Polish economy as well as Polish banking system are used to be healthy and in good conditions and we will be suffer a little slow done because we are not an island”. Unfortunately it occurs not to be true.Based on discourse analysis of two major Polish daily and two weekly we would like to show the evolution of narrative describing crises in global terms and particularly at the domestic market. What was the picture of global crises at the beginning of this discussion, how it supposed to affect Poland, who serve as experts and opinion givers and finally how through the language we can observe the change from ‘slow down’ to ‘crises’? This are basic questions we would like to answer in our text.

Dealing with Crises: One Principal's Experience.

Science.gov (United States)

Foley, Charles F.

1986-01-01

The principal of Concord High School (New Hampshire) recounts the 1985-86 school year's four crises--the visits of teacher-astronaut Christa McAuliffe and Secretary of Education William Bennett, the shooting of a former student, and the Challenger space shuttle explosion. The greatest challenge was resuming the normal schedule and fielding media…

An organisational coherence model to maintain employee contributions during organisational crises

OpenAIRE

Hendrik J. Pelser; Anita Bosch; Willem Schurink

2016-01-01

Orientation: Crises that threaten an organisation’s continued existence cannot be seen in isolation when considering the perception of threats to individual job security. These threats often go hand in hand with employee panic. Research purpose: The aim of this study was to establish a model to assist organisations in managing employee emotionality and panic during times of crisis. Motivation for the study: Environmental crises threaten organisations’ existence, threatening employees’...

How company responses and trusting relationships protect brand equity in times of crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hegner, Sabrina; Hegner, Sabrina M.; Beldad, Ardion Daroca; Kamphuis op Heguis, Sjarlot

2014-01-01

Brands are susceptible to various forms of crises, regardless of whether a brand’s conscious deviation from socially acceptable practices or forces and activities beyond the brand’s control prompted a crisis. Undeniably, crises can have negative ramifications for the brand’s consumer relationships

Rising from the ashes : How brands and categories can overcome product-harm crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cleeren, K.; van Heerde, H.J.; Dekimpe, M.G.

2013-01-01

Product-harm crises are omnipresent in today's marketplace. Such crises can cause major revenue and market-share losses, lead to costly product recalls, and destroy carefully nurtured brand equity. Moreover, some of these effects may spill over to nonaffected competitors in the category when they

A contabilidade a valor justo e a crise financeira mundial

OpenAIRE

Eric Barreto de Oliveira

2009-01-01

A contabilidade a valor justo tem sido discutida desde meados do século passado; porém, tomou força maior a partir de publicações recentes do FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board) e do IASB (International Accounting Standards Board). Mais recentemente, em resposta à crise global de 2008, inicialmente chamada de crise do subprime, a SEC (Securities Exchange Comission), o FASB e o IASB rediscutiram exaustivamente este critério de mensuração, com o objetivo de detectar falhas que poderiam ...

Off-balance sheet exposures and banking crises in OECD countries

OpenAIRE

Barrell, R; Davis, P; Liadze, I; Karim, D

2012-01-01

Against the background of the acknowledged importance of off-balance-sheet exposures in the sub prime crisis, we seek to investigate whether this was a new phenomenon or common to earlier crises. Using a logit approach to predicting banking crises in 14 OECD countries we find a significant impact of a proxy for the ratio of banks‟ off-balance-sheet activity to total (off and on balance sheet) activity, as well as capital and liquidity ratios, the current account balance and GDP growth. These ...

FIEGARCH-M and and International Crises: A Cross-Country Analysis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zhu, Jie

We apply the fractionally integrated exponential GARCH with volatility-in-mean (FIEGARCH-M) model of Christensen, Nielsen & Zhu (2007) to estimate the risk premium after different crises occurred in major stock markets during the past two decades. The model allows keeping the long memory property......, and it is nonmonotic for different markets. Either volatility feedback or risk premium is a possible explanation for the risk factor. On the contrary, Asian financial crisis and other market-specific crises have no persistent impact on most markets....

Diferentes teorias marxistas de crise e diferentes interpretações da crise atual Different Marxist theories of crises and different interpretations of the current crisis

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Francisco Paulo Cipolla

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta criticamente diferentes interpretações da crise atual. Orientaram a seleção das várias contribuições a representatividade das teorias marxistas clássicas de crise e a importância das novas abordagens correspondentes aos novos fenômenos em desenvolvimento no capitalismo atual. O exame crítico dessas contribuições revela uma linha divisória entre aqueles que concebem a crise como tendo sido causada pelo afluxo dos lucros da produção para as finanças (Husson e Foster /Magdoff e aqueles para os quais o aumento do crédito de consumo foi resultado de uma reestruturação dos fluxos de crédito das empresas, cada vez mais autônomas no mercado de dinheiro, às famílias assalariadas, cada vez mais dependentes do financiamento bancário. Essa linha divisória reflete a importância que o primeiro grupo adjudica à diminuição do ritmo de crescimento vis-à-vis os teóricos da School of Oriental and African Studies. A análise revela também que a atrofia da economia política leva a um abandono precoce da teoria bancária e financeira de Marx em favor dos instrumentos teóricos pós-keynesianos imediatamente disponíveis para o uso.This article is a critical survey of different interpretations of the 2007-2008 financial crises. They were chosen either because they represented classical Marxian views on crisis, such as the underconsumption or over-accumulation theories, or else because they were newly developed interpretations based on recent newly economic developments, as it is the case of the financial expropriation theory. The analysis reveals three main points of view. The first is that the cause of crisis is the stagnation of the economy and the ensuing transfer of profits from production to finance, process that caused the housing-financial bubble (Husson and Foster/Magdoff. The second view argues that it was the structural change in financial markets which led banks to increasingly rely on consumer credit

Crises Management in the Oil and Gas Industry: The Niger Delta Experience

Science.gov (United States)

Odemene, Glory C.

The Niger Delta crises escalated beyond the borders of the Nigerian nation to become an issue that affected individuals and corporations around the world. This study led to the discovery of how the local crises escalated with international implications. This discovery was accomplished by addressing how the Niger Delta crises escalated from villages to international scenes, with notable impacts on the environment, health, safety, security, and financial segments of local, international, private, and corporate entities. Using Sweeny's crisis decision theory and Lazarus and Folkman's coping theory, the study considered the coping strategies of community members, the decisions, and actions they took in response to the management approaches of the government and the oil and gas companies (OGCs). This qualitative study utilized historical narrative to collect data by interviewing 4 participants who lived and worked in the region during the crises. NVivo was used for manual and automatic coding of data, as well as for categorization and connection of codes. Content analysis of identified codes and categories revealed the themes and trends in the experiences narrated by participants. Findings include the root causes, trend of escalation, and management strategies of the government and the OGCs that influenced the crises. These findings will help to influence policies and practices in the region and enhance effective management of current and emerging conflicts, with possibilities of restoring stability and security in the areas and in the nation at large.

Exploring organizational crises from a legitimation perspective: Results from a computer simulation and illustrative cases

OpenAIRE

Breitsohl, Heiko

2008-01-01

Organizational crises are rare, yet they fundamentally influence the evolution of organizations. An aspect of crises deserving more attention is the interaction of organizations and their stakeholders during a crisis from a legitimation perspective. This paper presents a simulation model mapping causal relationships behind this interaction. Results suggest that the nature and timing of organizational response to crises has considerable effect on the success and duration of attempts of regaini...

Bond markets and banking crises in emerging market economies: The role of institutions

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Boukhatem Jamel

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with the question of knowing if countries whose activity of financing is mainly bank based face crises more expensive than those where the bond markets are broader and more developed. The results of the empirical tests on a panel of emerging countries suggest that bank based financial systems are associated with crises slightly more expensive, whereas the relationship between the bond markets and the crises’ costs is fragile. Moreover, financial systems where bond markets play an important role are associated with a higher growth of the production, and this, independently of the presence or not of crises. The consideration of the combined effect of financial liberalization and institutional framework on the bond markets development shows the importance of the direction of the financial liberalization. We join in this case one of the most significant aspects of the “sequencing” theorized by McKinnon (1973. Finally, an effective prudential regulation tends to reduce significantly the probability of occurrence of banking crises.

Introduction: evidence-based action in humanitarian crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dijkzeul, D.; Hilhorst, D.; Walker, P.

2013-01-01

This introductory paper sets the stage for this special issue of Disasters on evidence-based action in humanitarian crises. It reviews definition(s) of evidence and it examines the different disciplinary and methodological approaches to collecting and analysing evidence. In humanitarian action, the

Diversification at Financial Institutions and Systemic Crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wagner, W.B.

2006-01-01

We show that the diversification of risks at financial institutions has unwelcome effects by increasing the likelihood of systems crises.As a result, complete diversification is not warranted adn the optimal degree of diversification is arbitrarily low.We also identify externalities that cause

Crises cambiais e financeiras: uma comparação entre América Latina e Leste Asiático Financial and currency crises: comparing Latin America and East Asia

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Dante Mendes Aldrighi

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo investiga as fontes de vulnerabilidade e o grau de severidade das crises cambiais e financeiras na América Latina e no Leste Asiático. Evidências obtidas a partir de um conjunto de indicadores calculados por país e por região para cada ano entre 1990 e 2004 sugerem que as economias do Leste Asiático eram potencialmente mais vulneráveis em aspectos relacionados ao setor bancário, enquanto as fragilidades das economias latino-americanas concentravam-se nos desequilíbrios fiscais e nas transações correntes do balanço de pagamentos. Por sua vez, estimativas do grau de severidade das crises mostram que, embora atenuadas na crise asiática de 1997-1998, as diferenças regionais persistiam.This article focuses on the sources of vulnerability to currency and financial crises as well as on their degree of severity in Latin American and East Asian economies. Evidence based on a number of indicators reckoned for each country and for each region for every year over the period 1990-2004 suggests that the East Asian economies were potentially more vulnerable to troubles in the banking sector, while Latin American economies' weaknesses seem to be concentrated on fiscal and current account imbalances. Furthermore, the severity crisis indicators point out that there still remained regional contrasts, lessened only during the 1997-1998 Asian crises.

Political Parties and Social Policy Responses to Global Economic Crises

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Starke, Peter; Kaasch, Alexandra; van Hooren, Franca

2014-01-01

Based on empirical findings froma comparative study onwelfare state responses to the four major economic shocks (the 1970s oil shocks, the early 1990s recession, the 2008 financial crisis) in four OECD countries, this article demonstrates that, in contrast to conventional wisdom, policy responses...... to global economic crises vary significantly across countries. What explains the cross-national and within-case variation in responses to crises?We discuss several potential causes of this pattern and argue that political parties and the party composition of governments can play a key role in shaping crisis...

Crises in clinical care: an approach to management.

Science.gov (United States)

Runciman, W B; Merry, A F

2005-06-01

A "crisis" in health care is "the point in the course of a disease at which a decisive change occurs, leading either to recovery or to death". The daunting challenges faced by clinicians when confronted with a crisis are illustrated by a tragic case in which a teenage boy died after a minor surgical procedure. Crises are challenging for reasons which include: presentation with non-specific signs or symptoms, interaction of complex factors, progressive evolution, new situations, "revenge effects", inadequate assistance, and time constraints. In crises, clinicians often experience anxiety- and overload-induced performance degradation, tend to use "frequency gambling", run out of "rules" and have to work from first principles, and are prone to "confirmation bias". The effective management of crises requires formal training, usually simulator-based, and ideally in the inter-professional groups who will need to function as a team. "COVER ABCD-A SWIFT CHECK" is a pre-compiled algorithm which can be applied quickly and effectively to facilitate a systematic and effective response to the wide range of potentially lethal problems which may occur suddenly in anaesthesia. A set of 25 articles describing additional pre-compiled responses collated into a manual for the management of any crisis under anaesthesia has been published electronically as companion papers to this article. This approach to crisis management should be applied to other areas of clinical medicine as well as anaesthesia.

The impact of financial crises on the risk-return tradeoff and the leverage effect

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Bent Jesper; Nielsen, Morten Ørregaard; Zhu, Jie

50% in magnitude during …financial crises. No such changes are observed during NBER recessions, so in this sense …financial crises are special. Applications to a number of major developed and emerging international stock markets confirm the increase in the leverage effect, whereas the international......We investigate the impact of financial crises on two fundamental features of stock returns, namely, the risk-return tradeoff and the leverage effect. We apply the fractionally integrated exponential GARCH-in-mean (FIEGARCH-M) model for daily stock return data, which includes both features...... and allows the co-existence of long memory in volatility and short memory in returns. We extend this model to allow the financial parameters governing the volatility-in-mean effect and the leverage effect to change during financial crises. An application to the daily U.S. stock index return series from 1926...

The impact of financial crises on the risk-return tradeoff and the leverage effect

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Bent Jesper; Nielsen, Morten Ørregaard; Zhu, Jie

2015-01-01

% in magnitude during financial crises. No such changes are observed during NBER recessions, so in this sense financial crises are special. Applications to a number of major developed and emerging international stock markets confirm the increase in the leverage effect, whereas the international evidence......We investigate the impact of financial crises on two fundamental features of stock returns, namely, the risk-return tradeoff and the leverage effect. We apply the fractionally integrated exponential GARCH-in-mean (FIEGARCH-M) model for daily stock return data, which includes both features...... and allows the co-existence of long memory in volatility and short memory in returns. We extend this model to allow the financial parameters governing the volatility-in-mean effect and the leverage effect to change during financial crises. An application to the daily U.S. stock index return series from 1926...

Identity and intimacy crises and their relationship to internet dependence among college students.

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Ya-Rong

2006-10-01

In an attempt to test Kandell's proposition that internet dependents used the internet as a coping mechanism against underlying psychological issues, this study investigated the extent to which the fifth and sixth Eriksonian crises (identity, intimacy), were related to internet dependence (online chatting, gaming) among college students. Students spending more than 10 hours per week on chatting/gaming were classified as dependents. On the basis of a national sample of freshmen in Taiwan, this study found that the dependents scored significantly lower on most of the measures that reflected the successful resolution of the crises, and higher on the measures that reflected unsuccessful resolution of the crises. Kandell's proposition was supported.

Gestão de crise e seu impacto na imagem de marca

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexandre Borba Salvador

Full Text Available Resumo: Crises de marca, decorrentes de falhas no produto, têm se tornado mais frequentes em razão do aumento da complexidade dos produtos. As crises geradas por campanhas de recall são únicas, inesperadas e podem gerar deterioração da relação favorável estabelecida entre a marca e o consumidor, afetar a imagem de marca e reduzir o brand equity. Suas consequências envolvem prejuízos financeiros de curto e longo prazo para a marca, para a empresa e, eventualmente, para a categoria como um todo. Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa exploratória qualitativa realizada por meio de um estudo de caso único na indústria de alimentos. Seu objetivo é verificar empiricamente a aplicação das teorias sobre crise de marca e recall em um caso brasileiro recente. Os resultados encontrados estão alinhados com as suposições elaboradas com base no referencial teórico. Como contribuição adicional para o tema, o estudo apresenta o efeito de uma crise real ao longo do tempo.

The dynamics of business investment following banking crises and normal recessions

OpenAIRE

Jannsen, Nils

2015-01-01

I empirically analyze the dynamics of business investment following normal recessions (declines in business investment that are not associated with banking crises) and banking crises. Using a panel of 16 advanced economies, I find evidence for significant non-linear trend reversion or bounce-back effects on the level of business investment following normal recessions, i.e., the deeper the previous recession was, the higher the growth rate of business investment will be. The trend reversion ef...

Impact of crises on the development of tourism in the world

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Milićević Snežana

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In terms of global tourism business, tourism constantly faces crises that affect its development. At the beginning of the XXI century, several significant crises have had a negative effect on the world tourism industry, starting with the terrorist attacks on the USA, epidemics, the global economic crisis, natural disasters, political crises, etc. Tourism has resulted in the decline in tourism traffic and tourism receipts, with major or minor impacts on global tourism trends. The largest negative effects realized under the influence of global economic crisis, when the indicators of tourism development were poor throughout the world. To adequately manage the crisis in tourism, certain preventive measures are introduced so as to forestall the outbreak of the crisis and mitigate the negative effects upon its outbreak. Regardless of the type and duration of the crisis events, tourism has so far shown remarkable resilience.

Crises in a dissipative bouncing ball model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Livorati, André L.P., E-mail: livorati@usp.br [Departamento de Física, UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP (Brazil); School of Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TW (United Kingdom); Instituto de Física, IFUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, Rua do Matão, Tr.R 187, Cidade Universitária, 05314-970, São Paulo, SP (Brazil); Caldas, Iberê L. [Instituto de Física, IFUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, Rua do Matão, Tr.R 187, Cidade Universitária, 05314-970, São Paulo, SP (Brazil); Dettmann, Carl P. [School of Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TW (United Kingdom); Leonel, Edson D. [Departamento de Física, UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP (Brazil)

2015-11-06

Highlights: • We studied a dissipative bouncing ball dynamics. • A two-dimensional nonlinear mapping describes the dynamics. • Crises between attractors and its manifolds were characterized. • A new physical crisis between vibrating platform and an attractor was characterized. • The existence of a ‘robust’ chaotic attractor was set. - Abstract: The dynamics of a bouncing ball model under the influence of dissipation is investigated by using a two-dimensional nonlinear mapping. When high dissipation is considered, the dynamics evolves to different attractors. The evolution of the basins of the attracting fixed points is characterized, as we vary the control parameters. Crises between the attractors and their boundaries are observed. We found that the multiple attractors are intertwined, and when the boundary crisis between their stable and unstable manifolds occurs, it creates a successive mechanism of destruction for all attractors originated by the sinks. Also, a physical impact crisis is described, an important mechanism in the reduction of the number of attractors.

COMUNIDADES VIRTUAIS COMO POTENCIALIZADORAS DE CRISES DE IMAGEM ORGANIZACIONAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luís Henrique Rauber

2007-01-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo propõe discutir a importância do uso das comunidades virtuais na atualidade e sua relação com as crises de imagem nas organizações. Entendendo que o público usuário das marcas (cliente-consumidor, a partir do contato e da possibilidade de interação com estas comunidades virtuais, pode opinar e, também, receber informações sobre os produtos e serviços (sejam estas positivas ou negativas, estabelecer-se-ão exemplos de como isso ocorre, mencionando a comunidade virtual oficial da Coca-Cola na rede social Orkut. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Comunidades virtuais. Crises de imagem. Rede social. Publicidade. Coca-Cola.

Currency crises and the interest rate defence

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Daniëls, T.

2008-01-01

While virtually all modern models of exchange rate crises recognise that the decision to abandon an exchange rate peg depends on how harshly policy makers are willing to defend the regime, they virtually never model how the exchange rate is defended. We argue that incorporating both the mechanics of

Resenha crítica - a literatura convencional sobre crises financeiras nos países "emergentes": os modelos desenvolvidos nos anos 90

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Daniela Magalhães Prates

2005-06-01

Full Text Available As sucessivas crises financeiras dos países "emergentes", na segunda metade dos anos 90, despertaram o interesse dos economistas do mainstream, uma vez que os modelos de crises cambiais de primeira geração, desenvolvidos nos anos 80, revelaram-se insuficientes para a compreensão destes eventos. Nesse contexto, foram desenvolvidos novos modelos que incorporaram, como condicionantes destas crises, fatos estilizados, que têm caracterizado o sistema financeiro internacional contemporâneo, dentre os quais os ataques especulativos auto-realizáveis e o comportamento de manada dos investidores estrangeiros. Este artigo pretende apresentar as principais características desses novos modelos. Primeiramente, apresentam-se os modelos desenvolvidos após a crise mexicana, que seguiram a tradição dos modelos de segunda geração desenvolvidos após a crise do Sistema Monetário Europeu. Em seguida, são examinados os modelos que surgem após a crise asiática, denominados "modelos de terceira geração", nos quais a crise cambial está intrinsecamente associada a uma crise bancária. Seguem-se algumas considerações finais.In the 90s, the succession of financial crises in the so called "emergent countries", with characteristics that haven't been considered by the first-generation models of exchange crises developed in the 80s, was followed by the emergency of new models of exchange crisis. The purpose of this article is to present these models, which have introduced in their analytical framework new elements, how the self-fulfilling expectations and the volatility of the capital flows. Firstly, we analyze the models developed after the Mexican crise, which have followed the tradition of the second-generation models that emerged after the European monetary system crise. Secondly, we examine the models developed after the Asian crise, labeled "third generation models", in which the exchange crise is intrinsically linked with a banking crise. We end up

The Keynesian Approach of Business Cycle and Economic Crises and its Criticism

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Ionela Bălțătescu

2009-10-01

Full Text Available The main purpose of this article is to briefly present the Keynesian explanation of business cycle, economic fluctuation and crises, and also the solutions proposed from Keynesian perspective to the economic problems that characterize the bust phases of the business cycles (unemployment, recessions. In the fourth section of the article some criticisms of the Keynesian theoretical approach of the economic crises are considered and summarized.

Bank lending strategy, credit scoring and financial crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dinh, T.H.T.; Kleimeier, S.; Straetmans, S.T.M.

2013-01-01

Adverse selection inherent in the bank-borrower relationship typically intensifies during crises. This problem is expecially severe in emerging markets, characterized by weak institutions and banks with poorly developed monitoring and screening abilities. Exploiting a unique sample of Vietnamese

Legitimation Crises in Premodern Worlds

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Peter N. Peregrine

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Scholars employing world-system theory have tended to examine how world-systemsdevelop and expand, while few have addressed the fragmentation or collapse of world-systems. This paper explores the conditions of world-system collapse using Habermas's concept of legitimation crisis as a starting point. The paper posits that legitimation crises are a recurring problem in world-systems and have led to collapse in a number of cases. Prehistoric North American and Pacific world-systems are used as examples.

Governo das sociedades, custos de agência e crise financeira: que relação?

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Catarina Alexandra Alves Fernandes

2014-03-01

Full Text Available O debate sobre o governo das sociedades tem ganhado crescente relevo nos meios acadêmico e empresarial desde o fim da década de 1980. Esse maior destaque foi originado por diversos fatores, dos quais se salientam a crise na Ásia, os escândalos financeiros que assolaram grandes empresas cotadas norte-americanas e algumas empresas de auditoria e, mais recentemente, a crise financeira mundial. Embora há muito defendida a necessidade de aperfeiçoar os instrumentos existentes e de descobrir novos mecanismos, de modo a encontrar um sistema de governo das sociedades que minimize os custos de agência, a crise financeira mundial com origem nos EUA veio dar-lhe novo “fôlego”. E, agora, com especial ênfase na banca. Falhas no governo das sociedades, em particular no setor bancário, têm sido apontadas como culpadas pela crise financeira global iniciada em 2007, só comparável à Grande Depressão. Assim, este artigo pretende, em primeiro lugar, apresentar uma caracterização genérica dos mecanismos de governo das sociedades, integrando no estudo os denominados custos de agência e, em seguida, analisar tais mecanismos no setor bancário, estabelecendo uma relação entre eles e a crise financeira. A pesquisa efetuada permite demonstrar a importância dos instrumentos de governo das sociedades na minimização dos custos de agência, nomeadamente no contexto da crise financeira. Ainda que o setor bancário tenha as suas especificidades, a investigação feita indica que existe uma relação entre aqueles instrumentos e a performance dos bancos e que fragilidades no governo das sociedades determinaram em larga medida a crise financeira. 

Crises nos Anos 80: O Ceticismo Juvenil Traduzido nas Canções do Rock Brasileiro.

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Eliana Batista Ramos

2010-12-01

Full Text Available A década de 80, apelidada de “década perdida” no sentido econômico, foi vista por alguns do mesmo modo com relação à participação juvenil (política e socialmente. A principal justificativa para isso pode ser a crise mundial do período. No rastro do processo de redemocratização de muitos países da América Latina, sobravam crises econômicas, sociais e dívidas externas fabulosas. O Brasil, inserido neste processo, se viu envolvido numa crise sem precedentes. As juventudes2 urbanas do período passaram a representar a alienação, a despolitização e a falta de identificação com movimentos sociais, como já fora observado antes. Somando-se a isso, o mundo ainda enfrentava o “fantasma” da Guerra Fria e a clara percepção dos efeitos da globalização, culminando numa eminente crise de identidade que acrescentada à crise econômica, faziam do mundo um grande campo de incertezas.

THE IMPLICATIONS OF LIQUIDITY CRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF EMERGING CAPITAL MARKET

OpenAIRE

Felicia Ramona Birău

2012-01-01

This article aims to highlight the implications of liquidity crises in the context of emerging capital market. Capital markets, and especially emerging capital market appear to behave notably differently during periods of liquidity crises in comparison with periods of stability. The concept of emerging capital market itself is in obvious antithesis to the idea of financial equilibrium. This particular category of capital markets is characterized in a certain measure by profound institutional,...

Financial crises of the early twentieth century in Ukraine

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S.Z. Moshenskyi

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The article analyzes the major financial crises in Ukraine at early twentieth century dealing with the crises of 1899–1902 and 1908–1910. The main attention is paid to the large-scale crisis of 1899–1902 at the new industrial region in Eastern Ukraine where numerous steel and mining companies based on massive foreign investment (mainly Belgian and French were created shortly. The general boom of new joint-stock companies and insufficient provision of these companies by state orders were the main reason of the crisis which was the reflection of the international industrial and financial crisis of those years. The author also researches the crisis of 1908–1910 in the Ukrainian sugar industry.

Greece Financial Crises and Sukuk Markets: Experience From Gulf Countries

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Aldrin Herwany

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Many studies have been carried out to investigate the impact of recent European financial crises on the performance of financial instruments in other regions. Nevertheless, there have been insufficient studies explaining such impact on Islamic financial instrument. In particular, whether Greece Financial crises have affected performance of Sukuk traded in Gulf Markets needs to be answered. This study is aimed at empirically investigating the causality of credit and liquidity risk on Sukuk Markets in Gulf economies in the period of Greece Financial Crises. We analyzed the Sukuk data by employing Granger casuality test, with all the associated vector autoregression model procedures. Our findings show that Bahrain sukuk market is cointegrated with those of Qatar and UAE in the full period observation. Meanwhile, during the crisis, Qatar Sukuk market is cointegrated with those of UAE Bahrain. We also find that Bahrain Sukuk triggers market shock in both Qatar and UAE Sukuk markets. Bahrain consistently causes changes in price and spread of UAE Sukuk, both in the context of the full period and the during-crisis period.DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v9i1.3733

PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SPOUSE’S EXPERIENCE OF SOME FAMILY CRISES

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Valeriya Anatolyevna Ivanchenko

2013-10-01

Full Text Available By this research authors tried to find any psychological features of spouse’s experience of some normative family crises. 24 married couples from Novosibirsk, aged 20 to 41 years, take a part in this research. There were 8 couples at the «Childless couple stage» and 16 couples at the stage «Family with young children».Purpose is an identifying of psychological characteristics of some normative family’s crisesMethodology based on using of psychodiagnostic testing with Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale III (FACES III, test of Role expectations of partners (N.Volkova, test of  the interaction of the spouses in a conflict situation (Yu.E.Aleshina, L.Ya.Gozman, E.M.Dubovskaya and method of mathematical statistics with the Spearman rank criterion and the non- parametric Mann-Whitney U test.Results describe some psychological characteristics of spouses at the «Childless couple stage» and at the stage «Family with young children», include difference between men and women in this experience. The most important at the «Childless couple stage» is an attitude to expression of jealousy. If the family endures the crisis, spouses have an active negative reaction on an expression of jealousy. At the stage «Family with young children» at the forefront there are money disagreements, which prove an existence of family crisis from our point of view.   Practical implications are in the area of practical and scientific activity of family psychologists.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2218-7405-2013-7-14

Financial Policies and the Prevention of Financial Crises in Emerging Market Countries

OpenAIRE

Frederic S. Mishkin

2001-01-01

This paper outlines a set of financial policies that can help make financial crises less likely in emerging market countries. To justify these policies, the paper first explains what a financial crisis is, the factors that promote a financial crisis and the dynamics of a financial crisis. It then examines twelve basic areas of financial policies to prevent financial crises: 1) prudential supervision, 2) accounting and disclosure requirements, 3) legal and judicial systems, 4) market-based dis...

The Framing of Humanitarian Crises in the Spanish Media: An Inductive Approach

OpenAIRE

Alberto Ardèvol-Abreu

2016-01-01

The media are important actors in humanitarian crisis management and resolution, both in the countries facing the crises and in the rest of the world. Based on an inductive approach to a news sample from four Spanish newspapers, this study analyses the news frames used in the coverage of countries facing humanitarian crises. Results show that, with certain differences between countries, the Spanish press frames these countries as being theatres of war and violence, Islamic terrorism, and crim...

Confronting ecological futures: global environmental crises in contemporary survival quests for young adults

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Yvonne Hammer

2010-01-01

Full Text Available This paper examines representations of societal concern in the futuristic ecological disaster fictions of three British authors: Julie Bertagna (Exodus; Zenith, Jan Mark (Riding Tycho; Voyager and Marcus Sedgwick Floodland. The depicted refugee journeys in these futuristic worlds speak into a growing global disquiet that surrounds current historic events. Environmental crises that ground the emergent world orders of depicted future societies set the scene in each coming of age frame: each survival quest embeds social and cultural issues recognisable to contemporary audiences in futuristic representations of changed world orders, limited resources, and isolated communities. Authors resist the mythic frame of a traditional quest journey − a call to journey, the engagement with growth through a road of trials and then celebrations in a return to home territory: their conclusions offer limited resolutions, the struggle to survive entrenched as a linear path. Because authors link depictions of the refugee subject with environmental degradation, apocalyptic scenarios that signify the devastating consequences of global environmental crises provide an ecocritical platform from which each author situates a discourse of protest. Interrogating contemporary political positions of ambiguity and denial their novels profile social justice issues experienced by refugee populations in contemporary society.

Economy Over Security: Why Crises Fail to Impact Economic Behavior in East Asia

Science.gov (United States)

2017-12-01

SECURITY: WHY CRISES FAIL TO IMPACT ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR IN EAST ASIA by Aaron R. Sipos December 2017 Thesis Advisor: Michael Glosny Second...REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED Master’s thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE ECONOMY OVER SECURITY: WHY CRISES FAIL TO IMPACT ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR IN EAST...release. Distribution is unlimited. 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE 13. ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words) This study examines changes in economic behavior in

Coping with Financial Crises: Latin American Answers to European Questions

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Eduardo A.Cavallo

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Europe faces challenges reminiscent of Latin American financial crises, namely unsustainable sovereign spreads, banking system distress, sudden stops in capital flows and growth rate collapse. The failure of recent liquidity support to normalize the situation suggests the need to refocus the policy debate on fundamentals: structural reform for growth and, where needed, restructuring to resolve banking crises and the debt overhang.  Latin America’s experience yields relevant policy lessons for Europe on all these fronts, tempered only by the slight exception that sharp real devaluation, which was key to spearheading recovery in Latin America, is unfeasible in the eurozone. Struggling eurozone countries are caught between a rock and a hard place, as the currency union imposes strict policy constraints while the reintroduction of national currencies under conditions of crisis would be catastrophic. Nevertheless, contemporary Europe stands a better chance of recovery because, in contrast with the Latin America experience, the European Union possesses greater avenues for international cooperation. With respect to financial support, a resourceful European Central Bank able to avoid chaotic adjustment by brute force is a decisive advantage of Europe relative to Latin America, which only had access to the weaker and less reliable IMF. Arguably, the limited nature of external support strongly contributed to the depth of Latin America’s great collapses. European cooperation can explore and exhaust alternatives to a euro exit to the benefit of all union members and, if dissolution becomes unavoidable, ensure amicable support to ease the transition. The path to success remains uncharted, however, and implementation of the necessary regional mechanisms will require innovation and political will. If the available means of cooperation are not used effectively, crisis countries in Europe may fare worse than those in Latin America.

Coercive Diplomacy: Countering War-Threatening Crises and Armed Conflicts

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jakobsen, Peter Viggo

2015-01-01

Nowadays states rarely resort to war to defeat each other or to address war-threatening crises and armed conflicts. Instead, coercive diplomacy has emerged as their strategy of choice when persuasion and other non-military instruments fall short. Coercive diplomacy involves the use of military...... threats and/or limited force (sticks) coupled with inducements and assurances (carrots) in order to influence the opponent to do something it would prefer not to. States use coercive diplomacy in the hope of achieving their objectives without having to resort to full-scale war. This chapter presents...... the strategy of coercive diplomacy and its requirements for success and shows how states have employed it to manage crises and conflicts during the three strategic eras that the world has passed through since the end of the Cold War....

Early Life Crises of Habitable Planets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pierrehumbert, Raymond

2006-01-01

There are a number of crises that a potentially habitable planet must avoid or surmount if its potential is to be realized. These include the runaway greenhouse, loss of atmosphere by chemical or physical processes, and long-lasting global glaciation. In this lecture I will present research on the climate dynamics governing such processes, with particular emphasis on the lessons to be learned from the cases of Early Mars and the Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth.

A crise econômica de 2014/2017

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Fernando de Holanda Barbosa Filho

Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo mostra que a crise de 2014/2017 é fruto de uma combinação de choques de oferta e demanda resultado de erros de política econômica. Esses choques produziram uma redução da capacidade de crescimento da economia brasileira e risco de insolvência das finanças públicas. A solução da crise fiscal, através da PEC do teto dos gastos, fará que o país retome o crescimento econômico a partir de 2017, utilizando a capacidade ociosa da economia. No entanto, a taxa de crescimento do produto potencial não recuperará o ritmo anterior devido aos efeitos duradouros das políticas da Nova Matriz Econômica (NME que reduziram o produto potencial nacional. Recomenda-se, portanto, a adoção de políticas que induzam uma recuperação da produtividade da economia brasileira.

O impacto da crise financeira de 2008 no sector corticeiro português : caso Corticeira Amorim

OpenAIRE

Basto, Joana Salema Pinto

2010-01-01

Mestrado em Finanças O presente trabalho estuda o efeito que a crise económica e financeira teve nas rendibilidades anuais da empresa Corticeira Amorim e nos seus indicadores financeiros. É feita uma análise das rendibilidades em bolsa da Corticeira Amorim e seus benchmarks no período pré-crise (2005-2007) e no período pós-crise (2008-2010). Considera-se ainda o estudo da influência de algumas variáveis macroeconómicas (taxa de inflação, taxa de juro, taxa de câmbio euro dólar, preço do pe...

O Enquadramento da Crise Hídrica na Revista Veja

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Andrea Reis

2016-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo tem por objetivo estudar o enquadramento midiático construído em torno da crise hídrica que se instalou no Estado de São Paulo, com maior período de seca entre os anos de 2014 e 2015. No intuito de analisar como o tema foi retratado pelos meios de comunicação, a revista Veja foi eleita objeto deste estudo, que pretende elencar como ocorreu o enquadramento da crise e as atribuições de responsabilidade veiculadas por essa mídia, ao governador reeleito Geraldo Alckmin (PSDB, a Companhia de Saneamento Básico do Estado de São Paulo (Sabesp, aos cidadãos e ao meio ambiente, no período de 1º de janeiro a 31 de março de 2015.

A crise em perspectiva: 1929 e 2008

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Frederico Mazzucchelli

2008-11-01

Full Text Available No contexto de elevada incerteza decorrente da crise econômica mundial, é inevitável que surjam comparações entre o momento atual e a experiência dramática da Grande Depressão, que subverteu o mundo entre 1929 e 1933. Mas, apesar das perdas financeiras e da desaceleração da economia, a disposição para a intervenção estatal é hoje um elemento determinante que diferencia nitidamente as iniciativas da política econômica. Este é um fator decisivo que projeta um futuro menos sombrio para a evolução da crise atual.In the current context of high uncertainty, many parallels have been traced between the economic crisis of 2008 and the Great Depression, that stirred the world between 1929 e 1933. However, despite the financial losses that recently occurred, the disposition for state intervention in our days is much higher and thus an important element in the formulation of economic policies. This is a difference that suggests a less catastrophic outcome to the current crisis.

Factors associated with the use of cognitive aids in operating room crises: a cross-sectional study of US hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers.

Science.gov (United States)

Alidina, Shehnaz; Goldhaber-Fiebert, Sara N; Hannenberg, Alexander A; Hepner, David L; Singer, Sara J; Neville, Bridget A; Sachetta, James R; Lipsitz, Stuart R; Berry, William R

2018-03-26

Operating room (OR) crises are high-acuity events requiring rapid, coordinated management. Medical judgment and decision-making can be compromised in stressful situations, and clinicians may not experience a crisis for many years. A cognitive aid (e.g., checklist) for the most common types of crises in the OR may improve management during unexpected and rare events. While implementation strategies for innovations such as cognitive aids for routine use are becoming better understood, cognitive aids that are rarely used are not yet well understood. We examined organizational context and implementation process factors influencing the use of cognitive aids for OR crises. We conducted a cross-sectional study using a Web-based survey of individuals who had downloaded OR cognitive aids from the websites of Ariadne Labs or Stanford University between January 2013 and January 2016. In this paper, we report on the experience of 368 respondents from US hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers. We analyzed the relationship of more successful implementation (measured as reported regular cognitive aid use during applicable clinical events) with organizational context and with participation in a multi-step implementation process. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify significant predictors of reported, regular OR cognitive aid use during OR crises. In the multivariable logistic regression, small facility size was associated with a fourfold increase in the odds of a facility reporting more successful implementation (p = 0.0092). Completing more implementation steps was also significantly associated with more successful implementation; each implementation step completed was associated with just over 50% higher odds of more successful implementation (p ≤ 0.0001). More successful implementation was associated with leadership support (p organizational context and following a multi-step implementation process. Building strong organizational support and

Resilience of natural gas networks during conflicts, crises and disruptions.

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Rui Carvalho

Full Text Available Human conflict, geopolitical crises, terrorist attacks, and natural disasters can turn large parts of energy distribution networks offline. Europe's current gas supply network is largely dependent on deliveries from Russia and North Africa, creating vulnerabilities to social and political instabilities. During crises, less delivery may mean greater congestion, as the pipeline network is used in ways it has not been designed for. Given the importance of the security of natural gas supply, we develop a model to handle network congestion on various geographical scales. We offer a resilient response strategy to energy shortages and quantify its effectiveness for a variety of relevant scenarios. In essence, Europe's gas supply can be made robust even to major supply disruptions, if a fair distribution strategy is applied.

Homo sapiens, Homo demens e Homo degradandis: a psiquê humana e a crise ambiental

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Alessandra Bortoni Ninis

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo discute a crise ambiental por meio de um diálogo entre a psicanálise, filosofia e ciências sociais. Busca-se introduzir um eixo comum de compreensão das relações entre a psiquê e a natureza, a partir de um texto reflexivo sobre a natureza humana, sua complexidade e suas sociopatias. A crise socioambiental em que vivemos é tratada a partir das seguintes proposições: (i a humanidade se distanciou da sua condição natural; (ii a humanidade pode estar psicologicamente doente; (iii a humanidade não está moralmente apta para delegar a superação da crise às futuras gerações, pois vivemos num simulacro que envolve consumismo e alienação. Conclui-se que há uma dimensão subjetiva na raiz da crise ambiental, de cuja análise depende a solução real do impasse civilizacional com o qual nos defrontamos.

A Bayesian Approach to Excess Volatility, Short-term Underreaction and Long-term Overreaction during Financial Crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

X. Guo (Xu); M.J. McAleer (Michael); W.-K. Wong (Wing-Keung); L. Zhu (Lixing)

2016-01-01

textabstractIn this paper, we introduce a new Bayesian approach to explain some market anomalies during financial crises and subsequent recovery. We assume that the earnings shock of an asset follows a random walk model with and without drift to incorporate the impact of financial crises. We further

Reconceptualizing successful aging among black women and the relevance of the strong black woman archetype.

Science.gov (United States)

Baker, Tamara A; Buchanan, NiCole T; Mingo, Chivon A; Roker, Rosalyn; Brown, Candace S

2015-02-01

Although there are multiple pathways to successful aging, little is known of what it means to age successfully among black women. There is a growing body of literature suggesting that black women experience a number of social challenges (sexism and racism) that may present as barriers to aging successfully. Applying aspects of the Strong Black Women ideal, into theoretical concepts of successful aging, may be particularly relevant in understanding which factors impair or promote the ability of black women to age successfully. The Strong Black Women archetype is a culturally salient ideal prescribing that black women render a guise of self-reliance, selflessness, and psychological, emotional, and physical strength. Although this ideal has received considerable attention in the behavioral sciences, it has been largely absent within the gerontology field. Nevertheless, understanding the dynamics of this cultural ideal may enhance our knowledge while developing an appreciation of the black woman's ability to age successfully. Rather than summarize the social, physical, and mental health literature focusing on health outcomes of black women, this conceptual review examines the Strong Black Women archetype and its application to the lived experiences of black women and contributions to current theories of successful aging. Focusing on successful aging exclusively among black women enhances our understanding of this group by considering their identity as women of color while recognizing factors that dictate their ability to age successfully. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Letras e humanidades depois da crise

OpenAIRE

Alcir Bernardez Pecora

2015-01-01

O artigo debate a situação contemporânea das humanidades num mundo de crise econômica, onde são elas as primeiras áreas a sofrer cortes orçamentários, bem como a perda da autonomia das Universidades com o atual processo de dependência de seus programas dos fundos advindos das agências de financiamento de pesquisa acadêmica.     This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Letras e humanidades depois da crise

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Alcir Bernardez Pecora

2015-11-01

Full Text Available O artigo debate a situação contemporânea das humanidades num mundo de crise econômica, onde são elas as primeiras áreas a sofrer cortes orçamentários, bem como a perda da autonomia das Universidades com o atual processo de dependência de seus programas dos fundos advindos das agências de financiamento de pesquisa acadêmica.     This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Re-evaluation of bone pain in patients with type 1 Gaucher disease suggests that bone crises occur in small bones as well as long bones.

Science.gov (United States)

Baris, Hagit N; Weisz Hubshman, Monika; Bar-Sever, Zvi; Kornreich, Liora; Shkalim Zemer, Vered; Cohen, Ian J

2016-09-01

Bone crises in type 1 Gaucher disease are reported in long bones and occasionally in weight bearing bones and other bones, but rarely in small bones of the hands and feet. We retrospectively examined the incidence of bone pain in patients followed at the Rabin Medical Center, Israel, before and following the initiation of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and evaluated them for bone crises. Of 100 type I Gaucher disease patients, 30 (30%) experienced one or more bone crises. Small bone crises represented 31.5% of all bone crises and were always preceded by crises in other bones. While the incidence of long bone crises reduced after the initiation of ERT, small bone crises increased. Almost 60% of patients with bone crises were of the N370S/84GG genotype suggesting a greater susceptibility of N370S/84GG patients to severe bone complications. These patients also underwent the greatest number of splenectomies (70.6% of splenectomised patients). Splenectomised patients showed a trend towards increased long and small bone crises after surgery. Active investigation of acute pain in the hands and feet in patients in our cohort has revealed a high incidence of small bone crises. Physicians should consider imaging studies to investigate unexplained pain in these areas. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Early Warning Models for Systemic Banking Crises in Montenegro

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Željka Asanović

2013-06-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this research is to create an adequate early warning model for systemic banking crises in Montenegro. The probability of banking crisis occurrence is calculated using discrete dependent variable models, more precisely, estimating logit regression. Afterwards, seven simple logit regressions that individually have two explanatory variables are estimated. Adequate weights have been assigned to all seven regressions using the technique of Bayesian model averaging. The advantage of this technique is that it takes into account the model uncertainty by considering various combinations of models in order to minimize the author’s subjective judgment when determining reliable early warning indicators. The results of Bayesian model averaging largely coincide with the results of a previously estimated dynamic logit model. Indicators of credit expansion, thanks to their performances, have a dominant role in early warning models for systemic banking crises in Montenegro. The results have also shown that the Montenegrin banking system is significantly exposed to trends on the global level.

The Impact of the Global Commodity and Financial Crises on Poverty in Vietnam

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thurlow, James; Tarp, Finn; McCoy, Simon

Economic growth in Vietnam has been fairly resilient to the global commodity and financial crises, but it is unclear why. In addition, the impact of the crises on employment and poverty is in dispute. We develop a dynamic computable general equilibrium model to decompose impacts and estimate...... distributional outcomes. Our results indicate that the 2008 commodity crisis increased employment and reduced poverty by favouring labour-intensive exports, especially in agriculture. The 2009 financial crisis reversed these gains. It pushed more than a million workers into unemployment and about 3 million...

A Crise Hídrica na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (2014-2015

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Vanderli Custódio

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo sobre a crise hídrica na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo entre os anos 2014-2015, objetiva caracterizá-la e situá-la num contexto temporal mais amplo. Com apoio bibliográfico se intenta demonstrar que essa não é uma crise nova e sim uma nova fase de uma crise secular pela frágil gestão e planejamento no abastecimento de água para São Paulo por parte do Poder Público, bem como evidenciar que as medidas estruturais (obras e não estruturais (programas, legislação etc. possuem histórico caráter emergencial. Como resultado espera-se contribuir para o enriquecimento da abordagem da problemática.

Crises financeiras nos anos 1990 e poupança externa

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Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Contrary to what conventional economic analysis afirms, the main cause of the financial crises in emerging countries during the 1990s, beginning with Mexico (1994 and ending with the crisis in Argentina (2001 was not primarily fiscal, but the decision by governments to foster growth with foreign savings, i.e., with current account deficits. Since the exchange rate has other determinants besides domestic absorption, the assumption of twin deficits often does not hold. These were balance of payment crises triggered by an overvalued local currency and the high increases in the foreign debt and/or the fast growth of the current account deficit. This led, foreign creditors to suddenly become persuaded that the country faced both liquidity and solvency problems, and to stop rolling over the debt. An econometric test substantiates these claims.

Crise tireotóxica associada à doença trofoblástica gestacional

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Carlos Eduardo David de Almeida

2011-10-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A gonadotrofina coriônica humana (HCG e o hormônio tireotrófico (TSH apresentam analogia entre suas estruturas, assim como seus receptores. Os altos níveis de HCG encontrados nas doenças trofoblásticas gestacionais podem induzir um quadro de hipertireoidismo secundário. O objetivo deste relato é apresentar um caso em que a administração de contraste iodado precipitou um quadro de crise tireotóxica. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente com mola hidatiforme completa foi admitida no centro cirúrgico com sangramento vaginal intenso após realização de tomografia com contraste iodado. Durante indução anestésica, paciente apresentou quadro compatível com crise tireotóxica. CONCLUSÕES: A incidência de quadros graves associados à doença trofoblástica gestacional tende a diminuir com seu diagnóstico precoce. Ainda que isso aconteça, o anestesiologista deve estar atento à possibilidade de crise tireotóxica nesses pacientes.

Entrevista - Crise do Capital, disputa de destino e desafios para os trabalhadores

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Reinaldo Gonçalves

2010-05-01

Full Text Available

A saúde pública brasileira no contexto da crise do Estado ou do capitalismo?

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Áquilas Mendes

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a tendência da saúde publica universal brasileira no contexto da crise estrutural do capitalismo, articulando os interesses do capital e do Estado, sem que seja possível se referir à uma crise do Estado Moderno. Para tanto, o artigo está organizado em duas partes. A primeira parte busca analisar a natureza da crise, identificando tendências do desenvolvimento do capitalismo, principalmente nas últimas décadas do século XX e na primeira década do século XXI, com destaque para a lei marxiana da queda tendencial da taxa de lucro e a dominância do capital portador de juros. A segunda parte discute os impactos dessa crise ao direito universal da saúde no Brasil, especialmente, a partir dos anos 1990, confirmando as incertezas do financiamento do SUS e o crescente movimento de apropriação do capital sobre os recursos das políticas sociais de direitos, as da seguridade social, especialmente a saúde. Por fim, são apresentadas as considerações finais, incluindo algumas propostas para enfrentar esse quadro de instabilidade e subfinanciamento desse sistema de saúde.

Governing humanitarian emergencies, protracted crises, and (in)security through resilience

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Anholt, Rosanne

2017-01-01

‘Resilience’ occupies a prominent place in contemporary discussions around the governance of humanitarian emergencies, protracted crises and insecurity more broadly. The aim of this study was to further our understanding of resilience as a governance rationality and a policy discourse, in particular

Performance of European Industry of Logistics Services Before and After Economic Crises in the Years 2008/2009

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Beti Godnič

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract: In this article we examined the impact of economic crises in the years 2008/2009 on the logistics industry in old member states EU-15 and the new EU member states. The emergence of the economic crisis in 2008/2009 when the states of the old members of EU-15 and new EU member states were the first time subjected to the effects of the crisis inside the single entity-the European Union. Research question: The basic research question is: Were implications of economic crises in the years 2008/2009 in logistics industry in heterogenic states of European Union; old member states EU-15 and the new EU member states different? Purpose:We wanted to determine how the logistics companys in old member States EU (15 and in the new EU member states adapt to the new circumstances caused by economic crises in the years 2008/2009. Method: Economic crises are complex multifunctional phenomenon. Analysing complexity of the changes of the state of economic system need to supplement the pure scientific approach with other types of research work, more holistic approach, which is commonly used in Comparative economics. In this article we combine both. In empirical part we used appropriate parametric and non-parametric tests of differences between old and new member states of the European Union. We used Pearson's chi-squared test (Pearson, 1900, p. 157-175. Results: In the article we studied changes ocured by economic crises in the years 2008/2009 in the European logistics industry. We found that the logistics companies in the old EU member states EU-15 and in the new EU member states differently adapt to the implications of economic crises in the years 2008/2009. EU hasn’t adopted and implemented the harmonised economic policy, which will solve the »North-South« problem in logistics industry and find a way to operate systemically in global environment. Organization: The findings can be used to support undestanding of changed bussines envirnment of the

Charisma, volatility and violence: assessing the role of crises of charismatic authority in precipitating incidents of millenarian violence

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John Walliss

2006-01-01

Full Text Available In this article the author develops some of the points he has made elsewhere regarding the role of what may be termed ‘crises of charismatic authority’ in producing volatility or even violence within marginal apocalyptic religious groups. The last quarter of the twentieth century witnessed several incidents where such groups engaged in violent actions against themselves, others in the outside world, or typically both (among them the Peoples Temple in Guayana in 1978, Branch Davidians in Waco, Texas in 1994, Order of the Solar Temple in Switzerland, Quebec and France in 1997, Aum Shirinkyo, Japan in 1995, Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God, Uganda in 2000. This notion of ‘crises of charismatic authority’ has in many ways become a central, recurring theme in the author's analysis of these incidents. While accepting that such crises were typically not sufficient in themselves to have precipitated each of the dramatic denouements the author has examined, he has come to the conclusion that they did play a major role in each; such crises played a much more significant role than that played by external opposition in almost all of the cases the author examined (the case of the Branch Davidians being perhaps the exception that proves the rule. In this article, the author discusses what he means by crises of charismatic authority (an important task in itself due to the diverse understandings of ‘charisma’ found within the literature and presents a comparative analysis of some of the ways in which these crises can occur.

Polycrystalline Si nanoparticles and their strong aging enhancement of blue photoluminescence

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Shikuan; Cai, Weiping; Zeng, Haibo; Li, Zhigang

2008-07-01

Nearly spherical polycrystalline Si nanoparticles with 20 nm diameter were fabricated based on laser ablation of silicon wafer immersed in sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution. Such Si nanoparticles consist of disordered areas and ultrafine grains of 3 nm in mean size and exhibit significant photoluminescence in blue region. Importantly, aging at ambient air leads to continuing enhancement of the emission (more than 130 times higher in 16 weeks) showing stable and strong blue emission. This aging enhancement is attributed to progressive passivation of nonradiative Pb centers corresponding to silicon dangling bonds on the particles' surface. This study could be helpful in pushing Si into optoelectronic field and Si-based full color display, biomedical tagging, and flash memories.

A CRISE DA IGREJA CATÓLICA: ALGUNS DADOS EMPÍRICOS E PERSPECTIVAS TEOLÓGICAS

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Joaquín Silva Soler

2013-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa o resultado de pesquisa realizada, em 2012, pelo Centro de Políticas Públicas e o Instituto de Sociologia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Chile sobre a Igreja Católica nesse país. Os dados do estudo mostram uma situação de crise do catolicismo chileno. Tal crise tem causas diversas, intra e extra eclesial: mudança cultural profunda, crise de identidade missionária da Igreja, crise de fé, crise de confiança, crise que convida a uma nova evangelização. A constatação dos limites da presença e influência da Igreja católica na era pós-moderna constitui desafio oportuno para se afirmar a importância da proposta do Cristianismo como caminho para a felicidade pessoal e para ajudar a construir uma sociedade onde reinem a justiça, a paz e a liberdade. O autêntico cristão vive a fé comprometido com a realidade integral do ser humano e da sociedade. Tal empenho se vincula ao sentido escatológico da fé e da vida eclesial. Os cristãos são chamados a manter viva a esperança, procurando superar a crise através da vivência da conversão e do perdão no seguimento de Jesus Cristo, sempre atentos aos sinais dos tempos. ABSTRACT: The article looks at the result of research carried out in 2012, by the Center for Public Policy and the Institute of Sociology of the Catholic University of Chile on the Catholic Church in that country. The data of the study show a crisis situation of Chilean Catholicism. This crisis has many causes, intra and extra ecclesial: a profound cultural change, a crisis of the Church’s missionary identity, a crisis of confidence, a crisis that calls for a new evangelization. The finding of the limits of the presence and influence of the Catholic Church in the post-modern era is a timely challenge to assert the importance of the proposal of Christianity as a path to personal happiness and to help build a society where justice, peace and freedom reign. The authentic Christian lives the

Prognostic factors for recurrence of a first seizure during childhood Estudo dos fatores prognósticos na recorrência da primeira crise convulsiva na infância

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Maria Isabel Bragatti Winckler

1997-01-01

Full Text Available This study was designed with the objective of evaluating the chance of recurrence in our area and to answer questions regarding prognostic factors capable of helping in the management of the first seizure in childhood. One hundred and thirty six children from 1 month to 12 years of age seen at the Pediatric Emergency Division of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre because of a first seizure with or without triggering factors were included in the study. The follow-up included 121 children. We concluded that family history of seizures, presence of triggering factors at first event, seizure type, seizure duration and paroxysmal electroencephalographic abnormalities were predictive factors for seizure recurrence. The recurrence in this sample was 36.36% during the study. Cumulative recurrence risks were 14.88%, 23.14%, 28.93%, 33.06% and 35.54% to 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months, respectively.Este estudo foi elaborado com a finalidade de avaliar a possibilidade de recorrência e de responder a questões referentes a fatores prognósticos capazes de auxiliar no manejo da primeira crise convulsiva na infância. Foram incluídas 136 crianças com idades entre 1 mês e 12 anos atendidas no Setor de Emergência Pediátrica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre por ocasião da primeira crise convulsiva, com ou sem fator desencadeante. Foram seguidas 121 crianças por 24 meses, concluindo-se que história familiar de crise convulsiva, existência de fatores desencadeantes na primeira convulsão, tipo de crise, duração da crise e alterações paroxísticas no primeiro eletrencefalograma foram fatores preditivos para a recorrência de crise convulsiva. A recorrência foi de 36,36% no tempo em que durou o estudo. Os riscos acumulados para recorrência nesta amostra foram 14,88%, 23,14%, 28,93%, 33,06% e 35,54% para 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 meses, respectivamente.

The Framing of Humanitarian Crises in the Spanish Media: An Inductive Approach

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Alberto Ardèvol-Abreu

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The media are important actors in humanitarian crisis management and resolution, both in the countries facing the crises and in the rest of the world. Based on an inductive approach to a news sample from four Spanish newspapers, this study analyses the news frames used in the coverage of countries facing humanitarian crises. Results show that, with certain differences between countries, the Spanish press frames these countries as being theatres of war and violence, Islamic terrorism, and crime. From a theoretical perspective, results also suggest that news frames should not be classified either as "generic" or "specific", but that they should instead be placed on a continuous scale ranging from "generic" through to "specific".

BRASIL EM CRISE E O EMPREGO FORMAL NO SUDESTE

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Ralfo Matos

2017-03-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo investiga a evolução do emprego formal entre 2005 e 2015 no conjunto de municípios que compõe a região Sudeste, espaço que responde por mais de 50% do emprego e do PIB do Brasil. A análise combinada dos dados disponíveis no CAGED e na RAIS evidencia o encolhimento do mercado formal de trabalho em 2015, e de forma mais expressiva nos municípios de maior porte demográfico. Entretanto, a despeito da intensificação da crise econômica a partir de 2013, no período 2013-2015, centenas de outros municípios tradicionalmente mais frágeis economicamente não vivenciaram a severidade do impacto da crise no emprego, muitos deles localizados nas áreas setentrionais da região, as que se assemelham com a região Nordeste do Brasil, espaços nos quais foram maiores os impactos das ações das políticas sociais dos últimos governos.

Comparing emerging and mature markets during times of crises: A non-extensive statistical approach

Science.gov (United States)

Namaki, A.; Koohi Lai, Z.; Jafari, G. R.; Raei, R.; Tehrani, R.

2013-07-01

One of the important issues in finance and economics for both scholars and practitioners is to describe the behavior of markets, especially during times of crises. In this paper, we analyze the behavior of some mature and emerging markets with a Tsallis entropy framework that is a non-extensive statistical approach based on non-linear dynamics. During the past decade, this technique has been successfully applied to a considerable number of complex systems such as stock markets in order to describe the non-Gaussian behavior of these systems. In this approach, there is a parameter q, which is a measure of deviation from Gaussianity, that has proved to be a good index for detecting crises. We investigate the behavior of this parameter in different time scales for the market indices. It could be seen that the specified pattern for q differs for mature markets with regard to emerging markets. The findings show the robustness of the stated approach in order to follow the market conditions over time. It is obvious that, in times of crises, q is much greater than in other times. In addition, the response of emerging markets to global events is delayed compared to that of mature markets, and tends to a Gaussian profile on increasing the scale. This approach could be very useful in application to risk and portfolio management in order to detect crises by following the parameter q in different time scales.

A crise financeira mundial, o estado e a democracia econômica

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Gabriel Real Ferrer

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Os problemas vividos na atualidade, principalmente a grave situação financeira internacional, significam sinal evidente de insuficiência do modelo teórico moderno. Talvez sustentem a própria crise do Estado Constitucional Moderno. Alguns exemplos recentes parecem comprovar tal crise: o complexo de indústrias mundiais de alimentos que arrasa sementes tradicionais acabou por criar uma situação de desequilíbrio alimentar no planeta. Além disso, fatos como  a comercialização mundial do petróleo, o monopólio da comunicação e a realidade virtual manipulável demonstram que a internalização do Poder Público da modernidade provavelmente cederá espaço à transnacionalização desse mesmo Poder Público. Repensar, pois, a Democracia neste momento é fundamental, principalmente em sua vertente transnacional. Todo o mundo “acordado” e afetado pela globalização, faz-se cada vez mais certo que o único poder legítimo é o poder com investidura decidida pela maioria, que se constitui a partir de instrumentos democráticos efetivos. Palavras-chave: Democracia. Transnacionalidade. Estado Constitucional Moderno. Estado Transnacional. Crise Financeira.

Crises-induced intermittencies in a coherently driven system of two-level atoms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pando L, C.L.; Perez, G.; Cerdeira, H.A.

1993-04-01

We study the coherent dynamics of a thin layer of two-level atoms driven by an external coherent field and a phase conjugated mirror (PCM). Since the variables of the system are defined on the Bloch sphere, the third dimension is provided by the temporal modulation of the Rabi frequencies, which are induced by a PCM which reflects an electric field with a carrier frequency different from the incident one. We show that as the PCM gain coefficient is changed period doubling leading to chaos occurs. We find crises of attractor merging and attractor widening types related to homoclinic and heteroclinic tangencies respectively. For the attractor merging crises we find the critical exponent for the characteristic time of intermittency versus the control parameter which is given by the gain coefficient of the PCM. We show that during the crises of attractor widening type, another crisis due to attractor destruction occurs as the control parameter is changed. The latter is due to the collision of the old attractor with its basin boundary when a new attractor is created. This new attractor is stable only in a very small interval in the neighborhood of this second crisis. (author). 31 refs, 15 figs

Interprofessional intensive care unit team interactions and medical crises: a qualitative study.

Science.gov (United States)

Piquette, Dominique; Reeves, Scott; Leblanc, Vicki R

2009-05-01

Research has suggested that interprofessional collaboration could improve patient outcomes in the intensive care unit (ICU). Maintaining optimal interprofessional interactions in a setting where unpredictable medical crises occur periodically is however challenging. Our study aimed to investigate the perceptions of ICU health care professionals regarding how acute medical crises affect their team interactions. We conducted 25 semi-structured interviews of ICU nurses, staff physicians, and respiratory therapists. All interviews were audio-taped and transcribed, and the analysis was undertaken using an inductive thematic approach. Our data indicated that the nature of interprofessional interactions changed as teams passed through three key temporal periods around medical crises. During the "pre-crisis period", interactions were based on the mutual respect of each other's expertise. During the "crisis period", hierarchical interactions were expected and a certain lack of civility was tolerated. During the "post-crisis period", divergent perceptions emerged amongst health professionals. Post-crisis team dispersion left the nurses with questions and emotions not expressed by other team members. Nurses believed that systematic interprofessional feedback sessions held immediately after a crisis could address some of their needs. Further research is needed to establish the possible benefits of strategies addressing ICU health care professionals' specific needs for interprofessional feedback after a medical crisis.

Reducing the Potential for Future Financial Crises: A Framework for Macro-Prudential Policy in Canada

OpenAIRE

Paul Jenkins; Gordon Thiessen

2012-01-01

Canada needs a policy framework and new governance structure beyond what is in place to reduce the potential for future financial crises. The authors make the case for establishing a formal committee with a mandate to identify potential systemic risks and to act promptly before they materialize. While Canada's system of regulating and supervising financial institutions might hold up as a model of good performance, changes can and should be made, say Jenkins and Thiessen. Future crises undoubt...

A half-baked solution : Drivers of water crises in Mexico

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Madrigal, Jonatan Godinez; van der Zaag, P.; Van Cauwenbergh, Nora

2018-01-01

Mexico is considered a regional economic and political powerhouse because of the size of its economy, and a large population in constant growth. However, this same growth accompanied by management and governance failures are causing several water crises across the country. The paper aims at

EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMIC CRISES IN THE BRAZILIAN CAPITAL MARKET

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Aldy Fernandes da Silva

2014-05-01

Full Text Available The 2008 economic crisis challenged accounting, either demanding recognition and measurement criteria well adjusted to this scenario or even questioning its ability to inform appropriately entities’ financial situation before the crisis occurred. So, our purpose was to verify if during economic crises listed companies in the Brazilian capital market tended to adopt earnings management (EM practices. Our sample consisted in 3,772 firm-years observations, in 13 years – 1997 to 2009. We developed regression models considering discretionary accruals as EM proxy (dependent variable, crisis as a macroeconomic factor (dummy variable of interest, ROA, market-to-book, size, leverage, foreign direct investment (FDI and sector as control variables. Different for previous EM studies two approaches were used in data panel regression models and multiple crises were observed simultaneously. Statistics tests revealed a significant relation between economic crisis and EM practices concerning listed companies in Brazil in both approaches used.

La crise du vivre-ensemble

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schultz, Nils Voisin

2014-01-01

Cet article examine les caractères idéologique et affectif de deux essais écrits respectivement par Alain Finkielkraut et Richard Millet sur la crise actuelle du vivre-ensemble en France. Les deux penseurs critiquent la société multiculturelle, mais alors que pour Finkielkraut cette société est une...... chance pour la France à condition que le dialogue interculturel soit renforcé et que l’idée d’une culture française y garde sa place, elle reste pour Millet une impossibilité. L’enjeu de l’analyse est de dévoiler la capacité des discours à générer par l’affectivité une peur capable d’intensifier l’argumentation...

Europe's vulnerability to energy crises

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2008-01-15

The growing dependency of Europe as a whole on energy imports and anticipated further increases in energy prices reinforce the concerns about meeting the energy demand in the future. The objective of the Study is to identify the threats leading to potential energy crises and suggest solutions for facing, in an appropriate way, the related key challenges. In addition, the Study intends to develop a number of indicators effective enough to assess the level of different types of vulnerability, as well the overall vulnerability of a country or region, including threats to physical disruption, higher energy prices etc. The use of vulnerability indicators is highly recommended for all WEC-European countries, as well as to policy makers and market players.

The Global Financial Crisis and currency crises in Latin America

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Boonman, Tjeerd M.; Jacobs, Jan P.A.M.; Kuper, Gerard H.

2012-01-01

The Global Financial Crisis (GFC) has aected many regions including Latin America. This paper focuses on currency crises in Argentina, Brazil and Mexico. We estimate an Early Warning System, consisting of a dynamic factor model and an ordered logit model, with monthly data for 1990-2007. Ex ante

De rol van sociale media bij rampen en (mini)crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Jan Eberg; Menno van Duin; Vina Wijkhuijs

2016-01-01

Full text beschikbaar met HU-account. Sinds de opkomst van sociale media spelen de toepassing en het bereik ervan in toenemende mate een rol, ook bij rampen en crises. De vraag rijst dan hoe daar in de crisiscommunicatie en het crisismanagement effectief mee om te gaan. Uit literatuuronderzoek en

Crises de Segurança do Alimento e a Demanda por Carnes no Brasil

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Moisés de Andrade Resende Filho

Full Text Available Resumo: Investiga-se se crises de segurança do alimento deslocam para baixo as demandas por carne bovina, suína e de frango no Brasil. Constroem-se três séries de índices de crises de segurança do alimento, um para cada tipo de carne, somando-se o total de notícias na Folha de São Paulo que atenderam a critérios predefinidos de busca. Utilizam-se estas três séries, os preços das carnes e de um bem composto e o gasto per capita com consumo como variáveis explicativas em seis especificações alternativas de um sistema de quatro equações de demanda. Seleciona-se a melhor especificação do modelo por meio de testes ajustados de razão de verossimilhança. Testes com o modelo selecionado não rejeitam a hipótese de que as demandas não são afetadas por crises de segurança do alimento. Conclui-se que se deslocamentos da demanda para baixo em reação a crises de segurança do alimento criam incentivos para que as empresas adotem medidas para produzir um alimento mais seguro, tais incentivos não existem nos setores de carnes no Brasil. Assim, reforça-se a importância e necessidade de um sistema público ativo para regulamentar e estabelecer padrões de segurança da carne no Brasil.

Cultural Erosion and the Crises of Development in Nigeria | Yakubu ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The paper explores the dynamics of cultural change and the erosion of cultural heritage vis-à-vis the consequent developmental crises that have enveloped the Nigerian nation for several decades. It is divided into five sections. In the introductory section, the concept of culture is defined, described, and contextualized within ...

Ethnic and religious crises in Nigeria: A specific analysis upon ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hither and thither by recurrent crises of regional or state illegitimacy, often impairing efforts at ... at the notion of Identity and how it explains the crisis of development and ... network of politically silent identities, coupled with a history of protracted ...... Understanding the emerging trends of terrorism in Nigeria: A case study.

Depositor Discipline and Bank Risk-Taking Behavior: Evidence From the South-East Asian Financial Crises

OpenAIRE

M. Kabir Hassan; M. Ershad Hussain

2006-01-01

This paper examines whether the risk-taking behavior of commercial banks in five countries of South-East Asia changed after the Asian Crises of 1997. The paper utilizes the framework created by Gruben et al (1997, 1998, and 2003). It also examines the connection between the risk-taking behavior and depositor discipline of these banks after the Asian Crises of 1997. Based on bank level data from the Bank Scope, 2005 CD, he paper presents evidence that the state of depositor discipline is very ...

Employee Communication during Crises: The Effects of Stress on Information Processing.

Science.gov (United States)

Pincus, J. David; Acharya, Lalit

Based on multidisciplinary research findings, this report proposes an information processing model of employees' response to highly stressful information environments arising during organizational crises. The introduction stresses the importance of management's handling crisis communication with employees skillfully. The second section points out…

Supporting Students with Disabilities during School Crises: A Teacher's Guide

Science.gov (United States)

Clarke, Laura S.; Embury, Dusty Columbia; Jones, Ruth E.; Yssel, Nina

2014-01-01

Most schools have crisis plans to support student safety, but few plans address the complex needs of students with disabilities. School supports should include analysis of school plans and student strengths and needs to ensure that students with disabilities have the best opportunity to be safe in school crises. Recommendations include developing…

Crise da água na região metropolitana de São Paulo – 2013/2015

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro Roberto Jacobi

2015-12-01

Full Text Available A diminuição dos índices pluviométricos na região sudeste do Brasil apresentavam um cenário previsível de escassez hídrica no ano de 2015. Diante da negação da possível crise, a gestão hídrica restou prejudicada. A situação crítica e a morosidade na proposição de medidas efetivas para minimizar a crise fazem da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo uma área crítica em relação à qualidade e quantidade de água. Da observação dessa nova condição, o presente artigo, além de contextualizar a crise, se propõe a apresentar propostas para gestão dos recursos hídricos no estado.

Liquidity, banking and financial crises / B. de Waal

OpenAIRE

De Waal, B

2013-01-01

Some financial experts have blamed deficiencies in Basel II capital regulation for the exacerbation of financial crises in 2007 to 2012. In response to this, new proposals in the form of Basel III attempt to raise the quality, consistency and transparency of the regulatory capital base in order to enhance the risk coverage of Basel II via appropriate ratios. In this article, the authors explore how the new Basel liquidity standards, as encapsulated by the liquid coverage ratio ...

An organisational coherence model to maintain employee contributions during organisational crises

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Hendrik J. Pelser

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Orientation: Crises that threaten an organisation’s continued existence cannot be seen in isolation when considering the perception of threats to individual job security. These threats often go hand in hand with employee panic. Research purpose: The aim of this study was to establish a model to assist organisations in managing employee emotionality and panic during times of crisis. Motivation for the study: Environmental crises threaten organisations’ existence, threatening employees’ livelihood and resulting in employee panic. Panic reduces employees’ contributions. Organisations that are successful harness employee contributions at all times. Research design, approach, and method: A modernist qualitative research methodology was adopted, which included a case study as research strategy, purposive sampling to select 12 research participants, semi-structured interviews for data gathering, focus groups for data verification, and the use of grounded theory for data analysis. Main findings: An organisation’s ability to manage employee panic depends on the relationship between the foundational elements of authentic leadership, crisis readiness, resilience practices, versatile and committed talent, strategic management, quality management, and coherence actions taken during the crisis, which include crisis leadership, ongoing visible communication, mindfulness, work flexibility, and decisions based on the greatest financial need and social support. Practical/managerial implications: The study provides a best-practice option for managing emotionality during crises for the case organisation and other organisations within the vehicle components and other manufacturing industries. Contribution/value-add: The Coherence Hexagons Model is presented as a tool to manage employee panic during crisis. Keywords: crisis management; employee emotionality; employee panic; authentic leadership; talent management

Basel III and prudent risk management in banking: Continuing the cycle of fixing past crises

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François Laurens

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Financial crises have had a significant impact on bank regulation and supervision. Reforms are often focussed on correcting past failings. Following the 2007 financial crisis, Basel III reforms have been introduced with a view to promote a more resilient banking sector and to improve the banking sector’s ability to absorb shocks arising from financial distress. A review of the Basel III reforms and the literature on the link between capital adequacy regulations and bank stability indicates that these regulations are unlikely to prevent the failure of banks resulting in systemic crises

Currency Crises and Monetary Policy in an Economy with Credit Constraints

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bergman, Ulf Michael; Hassan, Shakill

This paper revisits the currency crises model of Aghion, Bacchetta and Banerjee (2000, 2001, 2004), who show that if there exist nominal price rigidities and private sector credit constraints, and the credit multiplier depends on real interest rates, then the optimal monetary policy response...

Crise et sécurité alimentaires : vers un nouvel ordre alimentaire mondial ?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christophe Golay

2012-04-01

Full Text Available En 2007 et 2008 a éclaté la plus importante crise alimentaire depuis 1974. La hausse du prix des denrées alimentaires sur le marché international, en particulier du blé, du riz, du soja et du maïs, a entraîné une augmentation sans précédent du nombre de personnes sous-alimentées. Malgré une diminution relative du prix des denrées alimentaires depuis l’été 2008, le nombre de personnes sous-alimentées a continué à augmenter en 2009. Cette crise alimentaire a remis la lutte contre la faim au cœur des préoccupations internationales. Depuis le mois de mars 2008, les Etats, les agences des Nations unies et une grande partie des mouvements sociaux ont pris position sur les causes de la crise et les moyens d’y remédier. Malheureusement, alors que ces acteurs tentent de coordonner leurs activités et de proposer des solutions nouvelles, ce sont souvent des recettes anciennes, visant à augmenter la production alimentaire, qui sont mises en avant. Les propositions faites sont souvent contradictoires et les réflexions sur les causes profondes de la faim et de la crise alimentaire – les exclusions sociales, économiques et politiques et les discriminations – ne semblent pas avoir été entendues. Le premier Objectif du Millénaire pour le développement, qui vise à réduire de moitié la proportion des personnes souffrant de sous-alimentation et vivant dans l’extrême pauvreté d’ici 2015, est devenu clairement inatteignable. Mais la crise alimentaire pourrait être à l’origine de la création d’un nouvel ordre alimentaire mondial, basé sur les trois piliers que sont l’aide alimentaire, la sécurité alimentaire et le droit à l’alimentation.

Chaos Theory as a Model for Managing Issues and Crises.

Science.gov (United States)

Murphy, Priscilla

1996-01-01

Uses chaos theory to model public relations situations in which the salient feature is volatility of public perceptions. Discusses the premises of chaos theory and applies them to issues management, the evolution of interest groups, crises, and rumors. Concludes that chaos theory is useful as an analogy to structure image problems and to raise…

When Health Diplomacy Serves Foreign Policy: Use of Soft Power to Quell Conflict and Crises.

Science.gov (United States)

Hosseini Divkolaye, Nasim Sadat; Radfar, Mohammad Hadi; Seighali, Fariba; Burkle, Frederick M

2016-10-01

Health diplomacy has increasingly become a crucial element in forging political neutrality and conflict resolution and the World Health Organization has strongly encouraged its use. Global turmoil has heightened, especially in the Middle East, and with it, political, religious, and cultural differences have become major reasons to incite crises. The authors cite the example of the human stampede and the deaths of over 2000 pilgrims during the 2015 annual Haj pilgrimage in Mecca. The resulting political conflict between Iran and Saudi Arabia had the potential to escalate into a more severe political and military crisis had it not been for the ministers of health from both countries successfully exercising "soft power" options. Global health security demands critical health diplomacy skills and training for all health providers. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;page 1 of 4).

Análise comparativa de risco de câmbio e das taxas de juros na crise cambial de 1999

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Hélio Rosseti Júnior

2009-09-01

Full Text Available É nos momentos de crise que os novos paradigmas surgem em substituição dos antigos, ocorrendo, assim, o renovar das formas de se entender os mecanismos de funcionamento da sociedade, as relações de produção e os modelos de consumo. A crise cambial brasileira de 1999 trouxe dificuldades para a população e para o país, exigindo mudanças de postura do governo e dos organismos da sociedade. A crise provocou uma retração de produção do Brasil, uma elevação dos juros e, por conseguinte, do endividamento do país. Uma crise que teve como centro a taxa de câmbio acabou tendo seus maiores desdobramentos nas taxas de juros, tanto do governo como no mercado. Este trabalho de pesquisa procura analisar o comportamento dos juros efetivamente praticados no mundo financeiro nacional, a partir da flutuação das taxas de câmbio, no ano da crise. Para tanto, são estudados os números diários e mensais de relatórios do Banco Central e os dados da evolução dessas taxas.

It's meaning making stupid! Succes of public leadership during flash crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Helsloot, I.; Groenendaal, J.

2017-01-01

Boin et al. (International Review of Public Administration, 18, 2013, 79) and others propose that public crisis leadership consists of several core tasks, among which crisis decision-making and meaning making stand out in “flash crises.” We however argue that successful leadership during a sudden

It's meaning making, stupid! Success of public leadership during flash crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Helsloot, I.; Groenendaal, J.

2017-01-01

Boin et al. (International Review of Public Administration, 18, 2013, 79) and others propose that public crisis leadership consists of several core tasks, among which crisis decision-making and meaning making stand out in “flash crises.” We however argue that successful leadership during a sudden

Detecting Corporate Social Media Crises on Facebook Using Social Set Analysis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mukkamala, Raghava Rao; Iskou Sørensen, Jannie; Hussain, Abid

2015-01-01

social media crises using social set analysis-an approach to computational social based on associational sociology and set theory. Based on a conceptual and formal model of social data, we conduct social set analysis of the facebook wall data of four diferent Danish companies. Findings show...

REFLETINDO SOBRE AS ESPECIFICIDADES DA GEOGRAFIA NA CRISE DA MODERNIDADE

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Patrício A. S. Carneiro Carneiro

2010-08-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo discute a evolução da ciência moderna, bem como a crise desse paradigma dominante e seus efeitos sobre a geografia. Destaca ainda a necessidade da construção de um novo pensamento científico para além das fronteiras disciplinares e do método absoluto.

Prevalência dos atendimentos por crises de asma nos serviços públicos do Município de Juiz de Fora (MG Prevalence of asthma attacks treated in public health facilities in the city of Juiz de Fora, Brazil

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Oscarina da Silva Ezequiel

2007-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência dos atendimentos por crises de asma nos serviços públicos de Juiz de Fora (MG, no período de 01/02/2002 a 31/01/2003. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo seccional, mensalmente, avaliando-se os atendimentos por crises de asma. As variáveis analisadas foram sexo, idade, local de residência dos pacientes, diferenças no perfil dos atendimentos segundo a faixa etária e o local de atendimento, além da correlação das crises asmáticas com temperatura e umidade relativa do ar. RESULTADOS:Foram atendidos 25.243 pacientes com crises asmáticas, representando 11,1% do total de consultas da clínica pediátrica e 2,7% do total de consultas da clínica médica. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 11,6 anos e a mediana de quatro anos. Eram do sexo masculino 52,9% dos pacientes. A análise da distribuição anual evidenciou um aumento do número de atendimentos por crises asmáticas nos meses de maio (11,5%, junho (10,8% e julho (10,9%, com correlação inversa e forte para temperatura (-0,86 e inversa e fraca para umidade relativa (-0,27. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as médias de idade e sexo, quando se compararam os serviços de urgência e as unidades básicas de saúde. A avaliação segundo a faixa etária demonstrou predomínio do sexo masculino nos pacientes menores de doze anos e do feminino nos maiores ou com doze anos. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se a importância da asma como problema de saúde pública no município, o qual necessita de estratégias locais urgentes que permitam aumentar os investimentos em tratamentos profiláticos.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of asthma attacks treated in public health facilities in the city of Juiz de Fora, Brazil from February 1, 2002 to January 31, 2003. METHODS:This was a cross-sectional study involving monthly analyses performed in order to evaluate the asthma attacks treated. The variables analyzed were patient gender, age, and place of

Non-criticality of interaction network over system's crises: A percolation analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Shirazi, Amir Hossein; Saberi, Abbas Ali; Hosseiny, Ali; Amirzadeh, Ehsan; Toranj Simin, Pourya

2017-11-20

Extraction of interaction networks from multi-variate time-series is one of the topics of broad interest in complex systems. Although this method has a wide range of applications, most of the previous analyses have focused on the pairwise relations. Here we establish the potential of such a method to elicit aggregated behavior of the system by making a connection with the concepts from percolation theory. We study the dynamical interaction networks of a financial market extracted from the correlation network of indices, and build a weighted network. In correspondence with the percolation model, we find that away from financial crises the interaction network behaves like a critical random network of Erdős-Rényi, while close to a financial crisis, our model deviates from the critical random network and behaves differently at different size scales. We perform further analysis to clarify that our observation is not a simple consequence of the growth in correlations over the crises.

Da violência ao vínculo: construindo novos sentidos para a atenção à crise

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Janaína Quinzen Willrich

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo objetiva conhecer os sentidos presentes nas práticas discursivas de profissionais de Centros de Atenção Psicossocial produzidos pelas novas formas de lidar e se relacionar com o sujeito em crise psíquica grave. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, embasada na perspectiva teórica do Construcionismo Social. Analisou-se 27 entrevistas de profissionais a partir da identificação dos repertórios interpretativos e da construção dos Mapas de Associação de Ideias. Os dados foram organizados nos temas: Dificuldades da contenção no serviço; Sentidos construídos em torno dessa prática; Posicionamentos dos profissionais em relação a essa prática; Participação da Polícia Militar no cuidado da crise; Sentido de responsabilidade da equipe de enfermagem em cuidar da crise. Demonstra-se a necessidade de discussão e construção de práticas de atenção à crise que sejam mais coletivas e embasadas em relações de contrato que respeitem a singularidade e subjetividade dos sujeitos.

Crises and Opportunities: A Manifesto for Change

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Ian Johnson

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Piecemeal fragmented strategies cannot address the pressing challenges facing humanity today. Economic theory has to be radically reinvented to squarely face the reality of rising unemployment, widening inequalities, growing ecological threats, frustrated social aspirations and unmet human needs. Monetary and fiscal policies are too crude and insufficient to steer the essential change of course required to address multidimensional demographic, ecological, economic, political and social crises. New values are needed to guide policy formulation and new institutions are needed to support peaceful social evolution and inclusive, equitable development in an increasingly globalized and interconnected world.

Speculative attacks, openness and crises

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Aloisio Araujo

2012-06-01

Full Text Available We extended the Cole and Kehoe model (1996 by adding trade and debt denominated in national currency. We then evaluated some external debt defaults and steep national currency devaluations occurred during last decades. Although default is unlikely, steep devaluation has been repeatedly triggered during financial distresses. It helps to overcome financial crisis as it improves trade balance and reduces national debt level. On the other hand, expected devaluation hurts welfare through both higher national debt cost and reductions in the investment level. We modeled such trade-offs and showed that trade openness, by and large, improves the expected welfare as it allows for a better devaluation-response technology. We ran model simulations based on past 48 crises occurred in 32 middle-income countries, reasonably fitting devaluation and default responses observed as from 1971.

The Influence of Media Coverage of Religious Crises in Nigeria: A ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The Influence of Media Coverage of Religious Crises in Nigeria: A Case Study of the Mohammed Cartoon Riots. ... (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news ). It also explores peoples opinion ... public for the benefit of the media institutions,(both government and privately owned media houses), journalists, the government and individuals.

Towards a European Division of Labour : Do Europe’s Crises Highlight Structural Challenges to Sustainable Economic Growth in the Eurozone?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Scholten, D.J.; Scholten, M.

2014-01-01

The financial and economic crises of the last few years in many Southern Eurozone countries are generally studied individually, without reference to other such crises in the region. In this note, we argue that they may also be approached as symptoms of an underlying structural challenge facing the

Perspectives on Information and Communications Technology (ICT) for Civil-Military Coordination in Crises

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Christman, Gerard; Kramer, Franklin; Starr, Stuart; Wentz, Larry

2006-01-01

...), stabilization and reconstruction (S&R), and complex emergencies. Although these types of crises can differ in their causes and specific impacts, there are significant similarities in the information and communications technology (ICT...

Facing the Crises

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Moira Baker

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Timely, provocative, and theoretically sophisticated, the essays comprising In the Face of Crises: Anglophone Literature in the Postmodern World situate their work amid several critical global concerns: the devastation wreaked by global capitalism following the worldwide financial crash, the financial sector’s totalizing grip upon the world economy, the challenge to traditional definitions of “human nature” and identity posed by technologies of the body and of warfare, the quest of indigenous communities for healing from the continuing traumatic effects of colonization, and the increasing corporatization of the academy as an apparatus of the neo-liberal state – to specify only a few. Edited by Professors Ljubica Matek and Jasna Poljak Rehlicki, these essays deploy a broad range of contemporary theories, representing recent developments in cultural studies, the new economic criticism, postcolonial film studies, feminism and gender studies, and the new historicism. The eleven essays selected by Matek and Rehlicki offer convincing support for their claim that humanistic research delving into Anglophone literature, far from being a “non-profitable” pursuit in an increasingly technologized society, affords clarifying insights into contemporary “economic, cultural, and social processes in the globalizing and globalized culture of the West” (ix.

CHEAP MONEY POLICY AND ITS ROLE IN TRIGGERING FINANCIAL CRISES

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Dorel Dumitru CHIRITESCU

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Nothing is more natural inside the evolution of a living system than the crisis itself, the only thing that distinguishes systems from each other is represented by how crises are solved and future developments. The biggest mistake would be to think that there are companies that can develop linearly. Arbitrary, indeterminacy they are well outlined in any development.

Risks and crises for healthcare providers: the impact of cloud computing.

Science.gov (United States)

Glasberg, Ronald; Hartmann, Michael; Draheim, Michael; Tamm, Gerrit; Hessel, Franz

2014-01-01

We analyze risks and crises for healthcare providers and discuss the impact of cloud computing in such scenarios. The analysis is conducted in a holistic way, taking into account organizational and human aspects, clinical, IT-related, and utilities-related risks as well as incorporating the view of the overall risk management.

Risks and Crises for Healthcare Providers: The Impact of Cloud Computing

OpenAIRE

Glasberg, Ronald; Hartmann, Michael; Draheim, Michael; Tamm, Gerrit; Hessel, Franz

2014-01-01

We analyze risks and crises for healthcare providers and discuss the impact of cloud computing in such scenarios. The analysis is conducted in a holistic way, taking into account organizational and human aspects, clinical, IT-related, and utilities-related risks as well as incorporating the view of the overall risk management.

Os portugueses no discurso mediático europeu: as notícias sobre a crise financeira

OpenAIRE

Szeremeta, Irina Veríssimo; Aires, Luísa

2015-01-01

O discurso dos media tem uma grande importância na construção da imagem do Outro e, por consequência, influencia as relações interculturais. Neste estudo, procurou-se analisar o discurso de cinco jornais europeus para caraterizar Portugal na crise financeira de 2011. Para a consecução deste objetivo, foram analisados 25 artigos sobre a crise portuguesa, publicados em 5 jornais de diferentes países europeus. Nas notícias estudadas, os Portugueses são associados a atributos pouco valorizados na...

Investimentos estrangeiros em carteiras de ações, crises internacionais e Ibovespa

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Antônio André Cunha Callado

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho analisou a relação entre o comportamento do mercado acionário brasileiro, representado pelo Ibovespa, e os fluxos de capitais estrangeiros direcionados para investimentos em carteira de ações, no período posterior à implantação do Plano Real. Ao longo desse período, foram observadas diversas crises financeiras no âmbito internacional que provocaram instabilidade e volatilidade nos fluxos de capitais estrangeiros. Este trabalho considera as influências sistemáticas dessas instabilidades sobre o Ibovespa, especialmente pela capitalização relativamente pequena do mercado brasileiro de ações. A hipótese de mercado eficiente supõe que os preços das ações, e com isso o Ibovespa, seguem um caminho aleatório e não devem estar sujeitos a influências sistemáticas de outros fatores. A hipótese geral do trabalho é que os fluxos de capitais estrangeiros direcionados para o mercado acionário brasileiro influenciam significativamente o Ibovespa. A hipótese especifica que crises internacionais e nacionais influenciam negativamente os fluxos de capitais estrangeiros nesse segmento e com isso o Ibovespa. A justificação para este trabalho é de que essas influências sistemáticas de crises sobre o Ibovespa são um fator sistemático que limita a hipótese de mercado acionário brasileiro eficiente. Foi realizada uma análise empírica com diferentes modelos mostrando que há evidências de influência sistemática dos fluxos de capital estrangeiro em carteira de ações sobre o Ibovespa. Esses achados limitam, de certa forma, a adequação da hipótese de mercado eficiente para o mercado brasileiro de ações. Essa influência sistemática dos fluxos de capital estrangeiro sobre o Ibovespa pode ser um fenômeno restrito no período analisado, refletindo a alta volatilidade dos fluxos de capitais estrangeiros por causa de crises externas e internas.

Markets during world oil supply crises: an analysis of industry, consumer, and governmental response

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Erfle, Stephen; Pound, John; Kalt, Joseph

1981-04-01

An analysis of the response of American markets to supply crises in world oil markets is presented. It addresses four main issues: the efficiency of the operation of American oil markets during oil supply crises; the problems of both economic efficiency and social equity which arise during the American adaptation process; the propriety of the Federal government's past policy responses to these problems; and the relationship between perceptions of the problems caused by world oil crises and the real economic natures of these problems. Specifically, Chapter 1 presents a theoretical discussion of the effects of a world supply disruption on the price level and supply availability of the world market oil to any consuming country including the US Chapter 2 provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of the efficiency of the adaptations of US oil product markets to higher world oil prices. Chapter 3 examines the responses of various groups of US oil firms to the alterations observed in world markets, while Chapter 4 presents a theoretical explanation for the price-lagging behavior exhibited by firms in the US oil industry. Chapter 5 addresses the nature of both real and imagined oil market problems in the US during periods of world oil market transition. (MCW)

Fundo público e políticas sociais na crise do capitalismo Public fund and social policies in the crisis of capitalism

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Evilasio Salvador

2010-12-01

Full Text Available A característica comum a todas as crises financeiras dos últimos trinta anos é o comparecimento do fundo público para socorrer instituições financeiras falidas durante as crises bancárias, à custa dos impostos pagos pelos cidadãos. Com a financeirização da riqueza, os mercados financeiros passam a disputar cada vez mais recursos do fundo público, impedindo a expansão dos direitos sociais. Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a crise do capital a partir do papel exercido pelo fundo público e seus rebatimentos no financiamento da seguridade social no Brasil.The characteristic that has been common to all financial crises in the last 30 years is the appearance of the public fund to bail out bankrupt financial institutions during the banking crises, at the expense of taxes paid by the citizens. Financing wealth, financial markets dispute resources from the public fund more and more, which impedes the expansion of social rights. This article aims to discuss the crisis of the capital from the role played by public funds and their impact on the financing of social security in Brazil.

Efeito da crise de 2007/2008 na transmissão internacional de volatilidade no mercado de capitais brasileiro

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Marcelo Brutti Righi

Full Text Available Com a crescente globalização, os mercados financeiros do mundo todo passaram a apresentar maior integração. Tal relacionamento entre mercados possui como implicação um termo que vem atraindo a atenção de profissionais e acadêmicos, a transmissão de volatilidade. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem como escopo analisar a transmissão internacional de volatilidade no mercado brasileiro. Para tanto, é utilizado um modelo Garch multivariado com parametrização BEKK. Com base nesse modelo, são estimados os relacionamentos bivariados entre o mercado brasileiro, representado pelo índice Ibovespa, e os mercados americano, argentino, mexicano e chinês, utilizando-se de índices representativos de 4 de janeiro de 2000 até 31 de março de 2010, totalizando 2667 cotações. A amostra foi dividida em três partes, representando os períodos anteriores, durante e posteriores à crise do subprime de 2007/2008. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que, durante a crise de 2008, de forma geral, houve mudança na direção da transmissão de volatilidade entre o mercado brasileiro e os demais estudados, de forma ao Brasil passar a exercer maior influência na volatilidade condicional desses, por ter sofrido menores consequências com a crise financeira. Além disso, após o período de turbulência causado pela crise de 2008, o relacionamento da volatilidade entre o mercado brasileiro com os demais passou a ser menos assimétrico do que no período anterior a crise.

Signos, significados e práticas de manejo da crise em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial

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Mônica Lima

Full Text Available Neste artigo discutimos significados atribuídos pelos familiares e profissionais às situações de crise em saúde mental e suas relações com as tecnologias empregadas no cuidado de usuários de CAPS na Bahia e em Sergipe. Inspiramo-nos no modelo teórico-metodológico de Sistema de signos, significados e práticas, utilizando técnicas qualitativas de pesquisa. Organizamos os dados em duas categorias: os signos e significados de crise; as estratégias e as dificuldades no seu cuidado. Observamos que não há muita diferença entre as concepções de profissionais e familiares acerca da crise e que os significados negativos suplantam os positivos, evocando os conceitos de sujeição à doença, incapacidade de interação social racional e periculosidade do doente. Dois aspectos são importantes no manejo da crise: sua imprevisibilidade e sua inscrição na história da pessoa. Para contornar as dificuldades nesse manejo, é necessário investir nas tecnologias leve-duras e leves, pautadas em vínculos duradouros e na intensificação de cuidados.

Signos, significados e práticas de manejo da crise em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mônica Lima

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo discutimos significados atribuídos pelos familiares e profissionais às situações de crise em saúde mental e suas relações com as tecnologias empregadas no cuidado de usuários de CAPS na Bahia e em Sergipe. Inspiramo-nos no modelo teórico-metodológico de Sistema de signos, significados e práticas, utilizando técnicas qualitativas de pesquisa. Organizamos os dados em duas categorias: os signos e significados de crise; as estratégias e as dificuldades no seu cuidado. Observamos que não há muita diferença entre as concepções de profissionais e familiares acerca da crise e que os significados negativos suplantam os positivos, evocando os conceitos de sujeição à doença, incapacidade de interação social racional e periculosidade do doente. Dois aspectos são importantes no manejo da crise: sua imprevisibilidade e sua inscrição na história da pessoa. Para contornar as dificuldades nesse manejo, é necessário investir nas tecnologias leve-duras e leves, pautadas em vínculos duradouros e na intensificação de cuidados.

A Numeric Scorecard Assessing the Mental Health Preparedness for Large-Scale Crises at College and University Campuses: A Delphi Study

Science.gov (United States)

Burgin, Rick A.

2012-01-01

Large-scale crises continue to surprise, overwhelm, and shatter college and university campuses. While the devastation to physical plants and persons is often evident and is addressed with crisis management plans, the number of emotional casualties left in the wake of these large-scale crises may not be apparent and are often not addressed with…

Factors Influencing Company Relations with Market Stakeholders, in the Face of Crises in Company Development

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Olszewska Barbara

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Crises in company development are a particular subset of management crises. They emerge on various stages of company development, as a result of gradual depletion of effective management solutions. Crisis situations in companies have varied impact on company stakeholders. The paper presents results of empirical studies of factors influencing company relations with market stakeholders and those that facilitate the process of restoring and maintaining any relations that suffered in the course of crises in company development. The authors’ intention was to identify such factors and evaluate their importance, in relation to various stages of company development and the associated types of crisis situations faced by companies. Empirical studies suggest that certain factors may facilitate conflict resolution in matters concerning company relations with market stakeholders, and that the impact of these factors varies depending on the phase of organizational development and the type of the associated crisis situation. It must be noted, that one of the most important factors to influence problem resolution is the perceived honesty of the exchange participants. Moreover, research suggests that opinions on the significance of organizational dependence of exchange participants in the resolution of problems in relations with market stakeholders are varied.

On Zombie Banks and Recessions after Systemic Banking Crises: Government Intervention Matters

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Homar, T.; van Wijnbergen, S.

2013-01-01

Systemic banking crises often continue into recessions with large output losses (Reinhart & Rogoff 2009a). In this paper we ask whether the way Governments intervene in the financial sector has an impact on the economy's subsequent performance. Our theoretical analysis focuses on bank incentives to

Hope in the midst of Death: Charismatic Spirituality, Healing Evangelists and the Ebola Crises in Sierra Leone

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Bangura, Joseph Bosco

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The Ebola crises that crippled West Africa from December 2013 onwards is a watershed moment in the history of those nations. The crises profoundly impacted the regions inadequate healthcare, obstructed the potential for socioeconomic development, and challenged long held traditional and religious beliefs. As Ebola began to take its toll by depleting human life, the world could not stand idly by and observe as poor post-war nations were overwhelmed by a colossal health catastrophe. By the time Ebola was contained, this obnoxious monster had taken an estimated 11,300 lives in the three worst affected countries in the region. But while medical practitioners were at the forefront of the battle, healing evangelists drawing inspiration from their understanding of Scripture, African culture and Charismatic spirituality, also provided responses that proved essential in the fight against Ebola. This article reviews the responses proffered by healing evangelists and discuss how the overall Charismatic spirituality inspired hope in the midst of the Ebola crises in Sierra Leone.

Homoclinic crises in a model for the CO2 laser

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pando L, C.L.; Cerdeira, H.A.

1993-04-01

We show that the four-level model for the CO 2 laser with modulated losses predicts a critical exponent close to 1/2 for the characteristic times in two homoclinic crises. In the five-dimensional Poincare map corresponding to this model, a sequential horseshoe formation due to the period three unstable orbit takes place after a region of multistability. (author). 14 refs, 4 figs

Emergency Preparedness for Disasters and Crises in the Hotel Industry

OpenAIRE

Ahmad Rasmi AlBattat; Ahmad Puad Mat Som

2013-01-01

Safety and security are the most important issues to tourist while traveling and the first aspect they consider is to be protected from hazards. Emergency planning and preparedness for a crisis are the most significant components of dealing with disasters. Hospitality practitioners noticed a rising number of natural and man-made crises that harm the hospitality industry, regarding its vulnerability to crisis and intern...

Risks and Crises for Healthcare Providers: The Impact of Cloud Computing

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ronald Glasberg

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We analyze risks and crises for healthcare providers and discuss the impact of cloud computing in such scenarios. The analysis is conducted in a holistic way, taking into account organizational and human aspects, clinical, IT-related, and utilities-related risks as well as incorporating the view of the overall risk management.

Crisis Reliability Indicators Supporting Emergency Services (CRISES): A Framework for Developing Performance Measures for Behavioral Health Crisis and Psychiatric Emergency Programs.

Science.gov (United States)

Balfour, Margaret E; Tanner, Kathleen; Jurica, Paul J; Rhoads, Richard; Carson, Chris A

2016-01-01

Crisis and emergency psychiatric services are an integral part of the healthcare system, yet there are no standardized measures for programs providing these services. We developed the Crisis Reliability Indicators Supporting Emergency Services (CRISES) framework to create measures that inform internal performance improvement initiatives and allow comparison across programs. The framework consists of two components-the CRISES domains (timely, safe, accessible, least-restrictive, effective, consumer/family centered, and partnership) and the measures supporting each domain. The CRISES framework provides a foundation for development of standardized measures for the crisis field. This will become increasingly important as pay-for-performance initiatives expand with healthcare reform.

Contingency and Political Action: The Role of Leadership in Endogenously Created Crises

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

András Körösényi

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Among the recent literature about leadership and crisis situations two main strands are to be observed: structuralist ones mainly treat political leaders as reactive agents who have relatively little room for maneuver, while constructivist ones put greater emphasis on the opportunities in interpreting crises. Our claim is that there is a third analytical possibility mainly neglected in recent literature that is even more voluntaristic than the constructivist approaches. In this scenario, there is no external shock; leaders do not only interpret, but also “invent” crises. To make our claim plausible, we build a conceptual-descriptive typology of the potential relationships between crisis situations and agency. The typology is founded on Kari Palonen’s differentiation between Machiavellian and Weberian types of contingency, but uses his originally conceptual historical argument for analytical purposes. To underpin our theoretical argument, we present short illustrative examples to all three types of crisis scenarios (the structuralist, the constructivist, and the voluntarist one.

Financial integration and financial development in transition economies: What happens during financial crises?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Igor Masten

2011-12-01

Full Text Available

This paper provides an empirical analysis of the role of financial development and financial integration in the growth dynamics of transition countries. We focus on the role of financial integration in determining the impact of financial development on growth, distinguishing “normal times” from periods of financial crises. In addition to confirming the significant positive effect on growth exerted by financial development and financial integration, our estimates show that a higher degree of financial openness tends to reduce the contractionary effect of financial crises, by cushioning the effect on the domestic supply of credit. Consequently, the high reliance on international capital flows by transition countries does not necessarily increase their financial fragility. This implies that financial protectionism is a self-defeating policy, at least for transition countries.

Immigration et crise d'identite dans l'Univers Romanesque de Sami ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Immigration et crise d'identite dans l'Univers Romanesque de Sami Tchak. ... La littérature africaine du XXIème siècle a eu une grande transformation. Cela est dû au fait ... It is established that Sami Tchak takes profound interest in projecting and handling the themes of immigration and identity crisis in his novelistic world.

A crise financeira global e depois: um novo capitalismo?

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Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira

2010-03-01

Full Text Available A crise financeira global de 2008 foi conseqüência do processo de financeirização, a criação maciça de riqueza financeira fictícia iniciada da década de 1980, e da hegemonia de uma ideologia reacionária, o neoliberalismo, baseada em mercados auto-regulados e eficientes. Dessa crise emergirá um novo capitalismo, embora sua natureza seja de difícil previsão. Não será financeirizado, mas serão retomadas as tendências presentes nos trinta anos dourados em direção ao capitalismo global e baseado no conhecimento, além da tendência de expansão da democracia, tornando-a mais social e participativa.The 2008 global financial crisis was a consequence of the processes of financialization, the massive creation of fictitious financial wealth which began in the 1980's, and of the hegemony of a reactionary ideology, neoliberalism, based on the belief of the self-regulating capacity and efficiency of markets. From this crisis a new capitalism will emerge, althought its chacarteristics are hard to foresee. It will not be financial, but the tendencies of the 30 "golden years" toward global and knowledge-based capitalism, and the tendency of expansion of democracy will be among them.

Heroes of Their Own Stories: Expressions of Aging in International Cinema

Science.gov (United States)

Yahnke, Robert E.

2005-01-01

This study of 14 international feature-length films (1988-2003) is aimed at providing gerontologists with models of successful aging that portray elders as being valued within the context of community. Elders serve as role models and mentors for the young, and they resolve mid-life crises for the middle-aged. Elders complete their life's work in…

Banking, debt, and currency crises in developed countries: stylized facts and early warning indicators

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Babecký, J.; Havránek, T.; Matějů, Jakub; Rusnák, M.; Šmídková, K.; Vašíček, B.

2014-01-01

Roč. 15, December (2014), s. 1-17 ISSN 1572-3089 Institutional support: RVO:67985998 Keywords : crises * developed countries * early warning indicators Subject RIV: AH - Economics Impact factor: 1.506, year: 2014

REFLECTIONS ON BEHAVIORAL CRISES PREVENTION AND INTERVENTION IN SPECIAL EDUCATION SCHOOLS IN THE UNITED STATES

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Roland PAULAUSKAS

2011-04-01

Full Text Available The development of civilization made crises an inseparable part of our lives. Crises manifest themselves in almost all social areas and organizations, including educational institutions. The goals of the article are to present a theoretical model of normal, deviant and antisocial behaviors, and discuss the psycho-social characteristics of emotionally disturbed adolescents situated in a residential special education school in the United States. The article also gives an analysis of their most prevalent behavioral crises, escalation stages, as well as nonviolent crisis prevention and intervention strategies. The methods that were used include scientific literature review, analysis of statistical information supplied from different government sources, review and analysis of student records, as well as the author’s analytical reflections in working with emotionally disturbed youngsters in residential special education schools in the United States.The results of the study indicate that scientists from different fields use different terminology to describe socially nonconforming behaviors. The author presents a theoretical model of normal, deviant and antisocial behavior that could enhance better understanding and identification of high risk situations and conduct leading to serious crises. The analysis of student records revealed that most of the adolescents situated in special education residential schools are diagnosed with a number of mental health problems. This suggests that the currently prevailing care and education paradigm in the special education residential schools should shift to a more comprehensive treatment paradigm. The article also discusses the pros and cons of nonviolent crisis intervention. It is the author’s opinion that all special education schools serving children with emotional disorders should adopt one of the nonviolent crisis intervention models and develop and implement crisis management policies, plans and procedures.

Marketing Crises in Tourism: Communication Strategies in the United States and Spain.

Science.gov (United States)

Gonzalez-Herrero, Alfonso; Pratt, Cornelius B.

1998-01-01

Compares crisis-response strategies of marketing-communication professionals in tourism organizations (TOs) in the United States and Spain. Reports the extent to which they use proven crisis-management strategies. Indicates significant differences between the countries' TOs in both their extant plans for responding to marketing crises and in their…

Variations of Young Germans' Informal Conceptions of Financial and Economic Crises Phenomena

Science.gov (United States)

Aprea, Carmela; Sappa, Viviana

2014-01-01

The development of a sound understanding of financial and economic crises phenomena must be considered an important goal within the scope of citizenship, economic and social science education. As with every other educational endeavour, this intention requires solid information about what informal conceptions learners hold about this specific…

A crise do socialismo analisada no calor da hora

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Reginaldo Benedito Dias

2009-11-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo demonstra como os acontecimentos que levaram à crise e desintegração dos países do bloco soviético foram analisados no calor dos acontecimentos, tomando como parâmetro os livros "Nós, o povo" e "A desintegração do monolito", selecionados por causa das diferentes perspectivas metodológicas e ideológicas que representam.  

[Adolescent crises in puberty. Diagnosis and therapy (author's transl)].

Science.gov (United States)

Müller-Küppers, M

1979-08-24

Psychological disorders which become manifest as adolescent crises must be seen as complex phenomena and treated thoroughly: besides the genetic, biographic and psychosocial background of the youthful individual the cultural and economic aspects play an important role. Nevertheless we must admit that associated causal explanations, e.g. for accelerated or late development are lacking. Focal points for the subsequent symptom complexes of sexual behavior in puberty are: psychosexual prematurity or retardation, masturbation, homosexual relations, pubertal asceticism and premature and frequently changing sexual relations.

East Asian Financial Cycles: Asian vs. Global Financial Crises

OpenAIRE

Akira Kohsaka; Jun-ichi Shinkai

2014-01-01

We examine the role of financial shocks in business cycles in general and in financial crises in particular in East Asia (Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia and Thailand) since the 1990s. Estimating a Financial Conditions Index, we found that financial shocks explain most of business downturns in all the economies in the Asian Financial Crisis (AFC) in 1997-98, but that the effects of financial shocks are diverse across economies in the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) in 2008-09. In the GFC, the financ...

Banking, debt, and currency crises in developed countries: stylized facts and early warning indicators

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Babecký, J.; Havránek, T.; Matějů, Jakub; Rusnák, M.; Šmídková, K.; Vašíček, B.

2014-01-01

Roč. 15, December (2014), s. 1-17 ISSN 1572-3089 Institutional support: PRVOUK-P23 Keywords : crises * developed countries * early warning indicators Subject RIV: AH - Economics Impact factor: 1.506, year: 2014

Managing urban water crises: adaptive policy responses to drought and flood in Southeast Queensland, Australia

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Brian W. Head

2014-06-01

Full Text Available In this case study, I examine the quality of decision-making under conditions of rapidly evolving urban water crises, and the adaptive policy challenges of building regional resilience in response to both drought and flood. Like other regions of Australia, Southeast Queensland has been subject to substantial cycles of drought and flood. I draw on resilience literature concerning sustainability, together with governance literature on policy change, to explain the changing awareness of urban water crises and the strategic options available for addressing these crises in this case study. The problem of resilience thinking opens up a number of important questions about the efficacy and adaptability of the policy system. The case provides insights into the interplay between the ways in which problems are framed, the knowledge bases required for planning and decision-making, the collaborative governance processes required for managing complex and rapidly evolving issues, and the overall capacity for policy learning over time. Regional resilience was proclaimed as a policy goal by government, but the practices remained largely anchored in traditional technical frameworks. Centralized investment decisions and governance restructures provoked conflict between levels of government, undermining the capacity of stakeholders to create more consensual approaches to problem-solving and limiting the collective learning that could have emerged.

Redes sociais, poder e saúde à luz das classes populares numa conjuntura de crise

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Victor Vincent Valla

2000-08-01

Full Text Available A crise do Estado provedor, provocada pelo processo de globalização, afeta de maneira dramática a relação das classes populares com os serviços de saúde no Brasil. O surgimento de um mundo neo-liberal, concentrador de renda e excludente necessariamente aponta para a construção de um outro mundo, em que a sobrevivência estará íntimamente relacionada com a solidariedade. Se não fosse por essa crise, talvez uma proposta como a do apoio social na área de saúde não chamasse tanto atenção. No entanto, uma vez "aberta a janela" para ver com mais cuidado essa proposta, é possível reconhecer que ela possui legitimidade por seus próprios méritos, e até independe da própria crise. A discussão do apoio social como proposta de educação e saúde abre a perspectiva de abordar uma questão que freqüentemente gera contradições no meio dos mediadores de educação popular: a religiosidade das classes populares. É algo a ser superado com o tempo, ou é parte integrante da cultura popular?

Redes sociais, poder e saúde à luz das classes populares numa conjuntura de crise

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Victor Vincent Valla

Full Text Available A crise do Estado provedor, provocada pelo processo de globalização, afeta de maneira dramática a relação das classes populares com os serviços de saúde no Brasil. O surgimento de um mundo neo-liberal, concentrador de renda e excludente necessariamente aponta para a construção de um outro mundo, em que a sobrevivência estará íntimamente relacionada com a solidariedade. Se não fosse por essa crise, talvez uma proposta como a do apoio social na área de saúde não chamasse tanto atenção. No entanto, uma vez "aberta a janela" para ver com mais cuidado essa proposta, é possível reconhecer que ela possui legitimidade por seus próprios méritos, e até independe da própria crise. A discussão do apoio social como proposta de educação e saúde abre a perspectiva de abordar uma questão que freqüentemente gera contradições no meio dos mediadores de educação popular: a religiosidade das classes populares. É algo a ser superado com o tempo, ou é parte integrante da cultura popular?

Employee Communicative Actions and Companies' Communication Strategies to Mitigate the Negative Effects of Crises

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mazzei, Alessandra; Ravazzani, Silvia

2013-01-01

commitment is at the basis of positive employee communicative actions, like advocacy and positive referrals, which finally protect the company’s reputation. After a theoretical exploration of these issues, this chapter presents first a case study showing how continuous internal communication efforts...... and factual communication based on managers’ and company’s actions are crucial in order to build quality relationships with employees. In turn, this leads to positive employee communicative actions when a crisis occurs. Second, it illustrates a survey of Italian companies which examined internal crisis...... reputation. The chapter concludes that employee communicative actions are fundamental in order to protect the company’s reputation in case of crises. In addition, during crises it is important to sustain the positive relationship capital developed during the pre-crisis phase by means of accommodative...

Regional Economic Resilience: Resistance and Recoverability of Resource-Based Cities during Economic Crises in Northeast China

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Juntao Tan

2017-11-01

Full Text Available This paper quantitatively analyzes the economic resilience of resource-based cities (RBCs in Northeast China in terms of resistance and recoverability during two economic crises: the Asian financial crisis and the global financial crisis. Moreover, it analyzes the main factors that affected regional resilience. There are three main findings. First, the RBCs in general demonstrated poor resistance during both recessions, but there were variations among the different types of RBCs. Petroleum and metal cities demonstrated the most resistance, whereas coal cities performed the worst. Second, the influential factors affecting economic resilience varied across the two economic cycles, but location advantage, research and development (R and D intensity, foreign trade dependence ratio, and supporting policies had positive effects on resilience during both economic cycles, while the proportion of employed persons in resource industries had a negative effect. Industrial diversity had a weak and ambiguous effect on resilience. Third, the secondary industry was more resilient during the Asian financial crisis, but the tertiary industry was more resilient during the global financial crisis. This shift may be attributed to both the nature of the crises and the strength of the sectors at the time of the crises.

A Simple Model of Monetary Policy and Currency Crises

OpenAIRE

Philippe AGHION; Philippe BACCHETTA; Abhijit BANERJEE

1999-01-01

This paper analyzes the optimal interest rate policy in currency crises. Firms are credit constrained and have debt in domestic and foreign currency, a situation that may easily lead to a currency crisis. An interest rate increase has an ambiguous effect on firms since it both makes more difficult to borrow and may decrease the foreign currency debt burden. In some cases it is actually best to decrease the interest rate. We also show how these issues are related to development of the financia...

A Simple Model of Monetary Pollicy and Currency Crises

OpenAIRE

Aghion, Philippe; Bacchetta, Philippe; Banerjee, Abhijit

1999-01-01

This paper analyzes the optimal interest rate policy in currency crises. Firms are credit constrained and have debt in domestic and foreign currency, a situation that may easily lead to a currency crisis. An interest rate increase has an ambiguous effect on firms since it both makes more difficult to borrow and may decrease the foreign currency debt burden. In some cases it is actually best to decrase the interest rate. We also show how these issues are related to the development of the finan...

The role of corporate governance in preventing economic crises

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Marek Matuszak

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The author discusses the role of corporate governance in preventing economic crises, both in the enterprise and in the economy. The article is based on the research of literature. It presents the concept of corporate governance, crisis, and factors affecting the effectiveness of the supervisory board. In the final part, it presents the principles of effective corporate governance established by the OECD, and the recommendations for redefining of the rules resulting from the analysis of experiences of the last global financial crisis.

The Critical Role of Crisis Communication Plan in Corporations’ Crises Preparedness and Management

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Agnes Lucy Lando

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Many corporations have a Crisis Management Plan (CMP, which is designed to handle crises. These plans may include crisis response drills, evacuation plans, and standby machines/generators. However, when it comes to communication during a crisis, many organizations are ill-prepared because they lack a Crisis Communication Plan (CCP. Following the September 21, 2013 attack on the Westgate Mall in Nairobi, the public’s praises for the security forces swiftly degenerated into blame, insults, and expressions of betrayal. The government seemed unprepared. There was no clearly spelt out CCP detailing what and when to release information, as well as who and how to make the release. Hence, every step the government took to give updates about the attack and what it was doing to secure the mall and save people was challenged by the media and the public. The lack of a CCP was evident in the presentation of several spokespersons by the authorities, double talk, conflicting messages, and uncertainty on the matter. This paper thus argues that while corporations strive for a variety of strategies for crisis management, there is need to also enshrine CCP in their CMP. It utilizes Coombs’ (2012 three-stage crisis management model that carefully considers the pre-crisis, crisis, and post-crisis stages. Focusing on selected corporations in Kenya that suffered crises between June 1, 2012 and October 30, 2013, this research holds that the crises duration and negative impact could have been lessened if the organizations integrated effective CCP in their CMP.

Reacting to Crises: The Risk-Averse Nature of Contemporary American Public Education

Science.gov (United States)

Moran, Peter

2015-01-01

Over the past several decades, numerous arguments have been made advancing the notion that the failings of the public education system in the United States have placed the nation's national security or economic prosperity at risk. This article will examine some of these "crises" and explore how arguments claiming that the shortcomings of…

COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES IN ECONOMIC CRISES GEOGRAPHY. ECONOMIC STRATEGIES IN EU COUNTRIES

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Roxana Maria Grecu

2011-06-01

Full Text Available The strategies for structural-systemic crisis management have generated, to a geographical level, a number of differences between EU countries. These cleavages are the result of differentialmacroeconomic policies. In this context, this article has the aim of achieving a comparative approach between countries of the south, west and east of the EU space. Also our approach is focused on observing the nature of macroeconomic policies and also on identifying a "pattern" associated with a common ideal -type of "rational choice" in the efficient and effective management of systemic crises. This article aims to identify areas of growth and economic stability of a particular model of public policy and political-economic ideology, to set up a mechanism for "economic engineering”. From the methodological point of view, this article uses a quantitativemethodology, derived from mathematical analysis, statistics and stochastic, in order to explain, understand and predict the possible evolution of the systemic crises in the EU countries. The interest lies in the possibility of giving a model of macroeconomic policy for the adjustment of inflationist imbalances, labor market and pricepolicy, and also in regulating the equation of production-consumption.

Improving communication during volcanic crises on small, vulnerable islands

Science.gov (United States)

McGuire, W. J.; Solana, M. C.; Kilburn, C. R. J.; Sanderson, D.

2009-05-01

Increased exposure to volcanic hazard, particularly at vulnerable small islands, is driving an urgent and growing need for improved communication between monitoring scientists, emergency managers and the media, in advance of and during volcanic crises. Information gathering exercises undertaken on volcanic islands (Guadeloupe, St. Vincent and Montserrat) in the Lesser Antilles (eastern Caribbean), which have recently experienced - or are currently experiencing - volcanic action, have provided the basis for the compilation and publication of a handbook on Communication During Volcanic Emergencies, aimed at the principal stakeholder groups. The findings of the on-island surveys point up the critical importance of (1) bringing together monitoring scientists, emergency managers, and representatives of the media, well in advance of a volcanic crisis, and (2), ensuring that procedures and protocols are in place that will allow, as far as possible, effective and seamless cooperation and coordination when and if a crisis situation develops. Communication During Volcanic Emergencies is designed to promote and encourage both of these priorities through providing the first source-book addressing working relationships and inter-linkages between the stakeholder groups, and providing examples of good and bad practice. While targeting the volcanic islands of the eastern Caribbean, the source-book and its content are largely generic, and the advice and guidelines contained therein have equal validity in respect of improving communication before and during crises at any volcano, and have application to the communication issue in respect of a range of other geophysical hazards.

Strong Presidents, Robust Democracies? Separation of Powers and Rule of Law in Latin America

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcus Melo

2009-06-01

Full Text Available The received wisdom on Latin America in the 1980s and 1990s was that countries where presidents enjoyed strong constitutional powers and where multiparty coalitions prevailed would be doomed to instability and institutional crises, while countries boasting weak presidents and strong parties were expected to consolidate democratic rule. After almost two decades, it is now widely acknowledged that this prediction failed. Recent re-conceptualizations of presidentalism have partly corrected the flaws in the established diagnosis but left unexplained the role of checks and balances and of the rule of law in containing presidential abuse and guaranteeing governability. The paper argues that the key to solving the paradox of strong presidents and robust democracies is that democratic stability in Latin American countries is a function of an extended system of checks and balances. These are ultimately generated by power fragmentation at the time of the constitutional choices over their institutional design and political competition sustaining their effective functioning.

Finansal Krizlerin Önceden Tahmin Yoluyla Değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye Örneği(Evaluation of Financial Crises in Terms of Prediction: Turkish Case

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zeynep KARAÇOR

2006-01-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study is to evaluate today’s conjuncture with projection method for the Turkish economy by observing how leading indicators acted before the November and February Crises. In other words, some questions such as “Could November and February Crises be prevented by the help of leading indicators?”, “Did the leading indicators work for the Turkish economy?”, “If they did so, can we estimate the probable crises?”, “Can we protect from the crisis?”, “Can we manage the crisis?” are tried to be answered. To aim this goal, various macroeconomic indicators from the literature have been determined as the leading indicators of the November and February Crises. The differences in these indicators before and after the crisis will be investigated.

Gadolinium-DOTA enhanced MRI of painful osseous crises in children with sickle cell anemia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bonnerot, V.; Sebag, G.; Montalembert, M. de; Wioland, M.; Glorion, C.; Girot, R.; Lallemand, D.

1994-01-01

In order to evaluate the role of gadolinium-DOTA enhanced MRI in the management of painful osseous crises in children with sickle cell anemia (SCA), nine children with SCA underwent MRI, bone scans and ultrasonographic studies during 11 osseous crises. Imaging findings were compared with the final diagnosis: three acute osteomyelitis (AO) and 16 acute infarcts (AI). MRI could not differentiate AO from AI. The appearance of severe AI was very misleading and was similar to the usual appearance of AO, including soft tissue changes, periosteal reaction and patterns of enhancement. Gadolinium-DOTA enhanced MRI was useful for determining the anatomic site and extent of AO or AI and for distinguishing between necrotic material, fluid collection and vascularized inflammatory tissue. It can also help to guide the aspiration of intraosseous, subperiosteal and soft tissue fluid collections. (orig.)

Europe's vulnerability to energy crises

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2008-01-15

The growing dependency of Europe as a whole on energy imports and anticipated further increases in energy prices reinforce the concerns about meeting the energy demand in the future. The objective of the Study is to identify the threats leading to potential energy crises and suggest solutions for facing, in an appropriate way, the related key challenges. In addition, the Study intends to develop a number of indicators effective enough to assess the level of different types of vulnerability, as well the overall vulnerability of a country or region, including threats to physical disruption, higher energy prices etc. The use of vulnerability indicators is highly recommended for all WEC-European countries, as well as to policy makers and market players.

Renouvellement ou crise de l’imaginaire capitaliste?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wolfe, Harald

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Cette contribution met en question l’imaginaire capitaliste : son noyau chez Castoriadis – maîtrise (pseudo- rationnelle, organisation bureaucratique – et ses métamorphoses contemporaines. On a parlé d’un "nouvel esprit du capitalisme" (Boltanski/Chiapello: organisation en réseau, des projets, autonomie relative du travail. Ces mutations de l’idéologie managériale et le développement correspondant de l’institution de l’organisation et du travail signifient-ils un véritable renouvellement de l’imaginaire capitaliste? Ou bien ces changements, avec leurs contradictions et leurs limites, sont-ils, au contraire, l’indice d’une crise profonde de la capacité d’innovation et de mobilisation des significations imaginaires sociales centrales du capitalisme?

Com a cabeça nas nuvens da crise dos Subprimes | Head in the clouds of the sub-prime crisis

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Yann Moulier Boutang

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Resumo o texto apresenta a crise dos subprimes como a manifestação da impossibilidade de separação entre especulação e mercado da economia-mundo. A crise atual é apontada como sendo a primeira crise global do comunismo do capital e uma interdependência entre devedores e credores. A menos que se invente um novo New Deal, que refunde os antigos direitos do Estado-providência e crie novos direitos de novos trabalhadores, não se vê meio pelo qual um programa de eutanásia da renda evitará a explosão política. Palavras-chave crise; capitalismo cognitivo; renda; economia mundial. Abstract the paper presents the subprime crisis as a manifestation of the impossibility of separating speculation and market from the world economy. The current crisis is pointed out as being the first global crisis of communism of capital and also an interdependence between debtors and creditors. Unless a new New Deal is invented, which recasts the ancient rights of the welfare state and creates new rights for new workers, there is no means by which a program of euthanasia may avoid political explosion. Keywords crisis; cognitive capitalism; rent; world economy.

Effects of Financial Crises on the Long Memory Volatility Dependency of Foreign Exchange Rates: the Asian Crisis vs. the Global Crisis

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Young Wook Han

2014-03-01

Full Text Available This paper examines the effects of financial crises on the long memory volatility dependency of daily exchange returns focusing on the Asian crisis in 97-98 and the Global crisis in 08-09. By using the daily KRW-USD and JPY-USD exchange rates which have different trading regions and volumes, this paper first applies both the parametric FIGARCH model and the semi-parametric Local Whittle method to estimate the long memory volatility dependency of the daily returns and the temporally aggregated returns of the two exchange rates. Then it compares the effects of the two financial crises on the long memory volatility dependency of the daily returns. The estimation results reflect that the long memory volatility dependency of the KRW-USD is generally greater than that of the JPY-USD returns and the long memory dependency of the two returns appears to be invariant to temporal aggregation. And, the two financial crises appear to affect the volatility dynamics of all the returns by inducing greater long memory dependency in the volatility process of the exchange returns, but the degree of the effects of the two crises seems to be different on the exchange rates.

Managerial Characteristics in Critical Situations Romania’s Participation within NATO at Managing Crises

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Cristian - Sorin Prună

2009-06-01

Full Text Available The defining marks of the thesis regard the creation of new scientific premises, that shouldstructure the approached issue – crises management by relating it to the present international contextcoordinates. The suggested approach has the purpose of establishing the elements which define crisisand of highlighting specific issues in the crisis management process (including in what the states’participation at maintaining peace operations and multinational operations deployed in differenttheatres of war. In the effort of organising such a scientifical background, we have tried to realizeclear, concise delimitations, by the research method – the study and analysis of the determinantfactors and conflicts. Thus, we have disclosed the characteristics of the situation and crisis state, therequirements and the stages in the crises situation management process, its characteristics,customizing the circumstances which contribute to planning the answers and establishing themoments favourable to the abolishment of the crisis or preserving it in a balance that should allowsubsequent diffuses.

A formação social do arquitecto: Crise nos cursos de arquitectura, 1968‑1969

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gonçalo Canto Moniz

2012-10-01

Full Text Available A regulamentação da reforma do ensino da arquitectura em 1957 inicia um processo de transformações sucessivas no quotidiano dos cursos de arquitectura que irá culminar com uma crise no ano de 1969.Ao longo de uma década de funcionamento, a nova orgânica proposta pela reforma não conseguiu, na sua globalidade, introduzir uma nova pedagogia nem democratizar o funcionamento das escolas, ficando refém do autoritarismo do Ministério da Educação. No entanto, a sua rigidez científica e administrativa estimulou professores e alunos a desenvolver estratégias, quer de projecto, quer de reflexão e debate, que procuraram promover a função social do arquitecto atento aos problemas da sociedade e da cidade, por oposição ao arquitecto tecnocrático.Nos anos de 1968 e 1969 as duas escolas, tal como a universidade e a sociedade, politizam o seu discurso. Os estudantes e os professores reivindicam abertamente alterações profundas na gestão da escola, nos métodos pedagógicos e nos objectivos do ensino, exigindo a reforma da Reforma de 57.Este texto aborda os momentos críticos deste processo de consciencialização política e social dos estudantes, que procura recolocar o papel da Escola no debate sobre a formação e sobre a profissão de arquitecto. No final de 1969 as escolas de arquitectura estão em crise, porque a universidade está em crise, mas também porque a profissão está crise.

Crise du virus Ebola : Améliorer la communication scientifique et le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Crise du virus Ebola : Améliorer la communication scientifique et le journalisme local en période d'urgence et après une éclosion. La World Federation of Science Journalists (WFSJ) dirige un programme régional de communication et de formation pour les journalistes locaux, dans le but d'améliorer le journalisme ...

Being in two minds: the neural basis of experiencing action crises in personal long-term goals.

Science.gov (United States)

Herrmann, Marcel; Baur, Volker; Brandstätter, Veronika; Hänggi, Jürgen; Jäncke, Lutz

2014-01-01

Although the successful pursuit of long-term goals constitutes an essential prerequisite to personal development, health, and well-being, little research has been devoted to the understanding of its underlying neural processes. A critical phase in the pursuit of long-term goals is defined as an action crisis, conceptualized as the intra-psychic conflict between further goal pursuit and disengagement from the goal. In the present research, we applied an interdisciplinary (cognitive and neural) approach to the analysis of processes underlying the experience of an action crisis. In Study 1, a longitudinal field study, action crises in personal goals gave rise to an increased and unbiased (re)evaluation of the costs and benefits (i.e., rewards) of the goal. Study 2 was a magnetic resonance imaging study examining resting-state functional connectivity. The extent of experienced action crises was associated with enhanced fronto-accumbal connectivity signifying increased reward-related impact on prefrontal action control. Action crises, furthermore, mediated the relationship between a dispositional measure of effective goal pursuit (action orientation) and fronto-accumbal connectivity. The converging and complementary results from two methodologically different approaches advance the understanding of the neurobiology of personal long-term goals, especially with respect to the role of rewards in the context of goal-related conflicts.

Individual’s Resistance to Social Crises is Acquired in Childhood

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Burvytė Sigita

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Objective: the development of person’s resistance to crises. The aim of the study is to revealthe importance of childhood experience to the person, by acquiring resistance to crises; theneed of pedagogical help in overcoming adaptation difficulties of the first-year pupil at school.The analysis of pedagogical, psychological, philosophical literature; the analysis of empiricalresearch and statistic data; as well as the method of observation were used in the current study.Though 60 percent of preparation possibilities for life are realised until the beginning of the firstgrade, the analysis of various authors’ research, quantitative analysis and observation of firstyearpupils in the schools of Vilnius, allow us to conclude that the main reason for a difficultadaptation of first-year pupils is the prevailing belief, that individuals’ preparation for life beginsat school. Educational system is based on rendering of the knowledge rather than the developmentof thinking ability and universal recognition of the environment. Inactivated brain during infancyand early childhood reduces the possibility of mastering information provided at school, andusing it in life. Family is the basis, which provides the feeling of safety, which instils real values,which creates the conditions of developing resistance to social changes, and various adaptationalskills, which are particularly necessary in the contemporary changing society. Extra attentionshould be paid to the education of parents and preparation for responsible parenthood.

Consumo pós crise do subprime. Novos tempos na internacionalização da economia brasileira

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Leonardo Trevisan

2011-01-01

Full Text Available A preocupação com o futuro da economia brasileira já chegou aos poetas e às revistas internacionais. Os efeitos da crise do subprime fazem parte dessa preocupação. Alguns desafios, como a internacionalização das empresas brasileiras, a atualização tecnológica da produção e as expectativas de consumo no País ganharam destaque nesse processo. A reunião do G-20, no entanto, mostrou que há diferentes métodos de lidar com a crise, preservando-se a maior influência do modo norte-americano de “fazer negócio”. A inserção brasileira na economia internacional, porém, acompanha mais o novo perfil das economias emergentes, que se desenvolve independentemente da crise. Nesse caminho, a maior dificuldade para a inserção internacional eficiente do Brasil, com manutenção da mobilidade social e da tendência de alta no consumo, continua a ser a frágil relaçãointerna entre educação e competitividade.

Um mundo em crise A world in crisis

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Carlos Altamirano

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo tem por objeto analisar um segmento do pensamento argentino da década de 1930, representado no ensaísmo sobre a "alma", ou o caráter nacional. Esse ensaísmo produziu alguns textos que se transformaram, por meio da crítica, em clássicos da reflexão sobre o país - tais como Radiografía de la pampa, de Ezequiel Martínez Estrada, e Historia de una pasión argentina, de Eduardo Mallea -, e que se gestaram sobre a base de uma crise política - sua primeira exteriorização foi o golpe de Estado de 1930 - e de uma desordem mais ampla dos pontos intelectuais de referência, em consequência da falência do positivismo entre as elites culturais. O dissabor provocado pelo contexto político nacional se mesclou ao mal-estar oriundo do pensamento europeu sobre a crise - crise do espírito, da ordem liberal e do capitalismo -, e esse amálgama alimentou um estado de descontentamento intelectual que ganhou forma na reflexão ensaística. De modo cada vez mais amplo, esse gênero dá início a uma rigorosa revisão da Argentina liberal, no âmbito de cuja produção destacam-se os referidos ensaios de Martínez Estrada e de Mallea, que serão analisados na parte final do presente estudo.This study analyzes a sector of Argentine thought from the 1930s, represented in the essays on the national 'soul' or character. This essay writing produced a number of texts that were transformed, through critical appraisal, into classics on the country itself - such as Radiografía de la pampa by Ezequiel Martínez Estrada, and Historia de una pasión argentina by Eduardo Mallea - and which emerged out of a political crisis - whose first notable effect was the 1930 coup d'état - and a more widespread disruption of the intellectual points of reference caused by the exhaustion of positivism as a paradigm among the cultural elites. The unease provoked by the national political context merged with the unease stemming from European thought concerning the

A crise de sentido e o futuro das organizações

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Arnoldo José de Hoyos Guevara

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Ao pensar sobre a crise de sentido e a fragmentação do conhecimento que caracterizaram o trabalho no mundo contemporâneo, devemos nos perguntar: se trabalhamos para viver, ou vivemos para trabalhar, por isto está emergindo um novo tipo de consciência expandida (econômico social - ambiental - espiritual capaz de repensar o complexo mundo atual por meio de novas lideranças transformadoras.

Sensemaking, institutions and crises of legitimacy: the case of Nike's sweatshop

OpenAIRE

Zheng, Xiaolan

2010-01-01

The aim of this study is to explore the phenomenon of the legitimacy crisis. This is a variant of organizational crises which, although increasingly common and managerially relevant, is still under-explored. A legitimacy crisis signals a problematic relationship between the focal organization and its socio-institutional environment which calls for repairing of meaning. Having considered this, the study has developed a theoretical framework that integrates the sensemaking and institutional per...

Splenectomy versus conservative management for acute sequestration crises in people with sickle cell disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Owusu-Ofori, Shirley; Remmington, Tracey

2015-09-07

Acute splenic sequestration crises are a complication of sickle cell disease, with high mortality rates and frequent recurrence in survivors of first attacks. Splenectomy and blood transfusion, with their consequences, are the mainstay of long-term management used in different parts of the world. This is a 2015 update of a Cochrane review first published in 2002, and previously updated in 2013. To assess whether splenectomy (total or partial), to prevent acute splenic sequestration crises in people with sickle cell disease, improved survival and decreased morbidity in people with sickle cell disease, as compared with regular blood transfusions. We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group Haemoglobinopathies Trials Register, which comprises of references identified from comprehensive electronic database searches and handsearching relevant journals and abstract books of conference proceedings.Additional trials were sought from the reference lists of the trials and reviews identified by the search strategy.Date of the most recent search: 10 June 2015. All randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials comparing splenectomy (total or partial) to prevent recurrence of acute splenic sequestration crises with no treatment or blood transfusions in people with sickle cell disease. No trials of splenectomy for acute splenic sequestration were found. No trials of splenectomy for acute splenic sequestration were found. Splenectomy, if full, will prevent further sequestration and if partial, may reduce the recurrence of acute splenic sequestration crises. However, there is a lack of evidence from trials showing that splenectomy improves survival and decreases morbidity in people with sickle cell disease. There is a need for a well-designed, adequately-powered, randomized controlled trial to assess the benefits and risks of splenectomy compared to transfusion programmes, as a means of improving survival and decreasing mortality from acute splenic

La crisis de la jubilación como una oportunidad educativa A crise da aposentadoria como oportunidade educativa

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Mónica Meza-Mejía

2008-12-01

Full Text Available La edad adulta es un período de la vida que se inicia en la década de los veinte y se prolonga hasta la vejez. En este camino, la persona suele atravesar diferentes crisis: las décadas de los treinta y los cuarenta, y el paso hacia la vejez. Si bien los sistemas formales y no formales de educación se orientan fundamentalmente a preparar para la vida, lo hacen sobre todo para la vida activa. Si se considera que la pirámide poblacional se invierte, la educación y los educadores tendrían que preparar a las personas para la edad del retiro. Jubilarse no tendría que significar una crisis que derive en depresión, inacción o en pérdida del sentido de la vida. Al contrario, en la medida en la que la persona aprenda a asumir el desapego como algo natural, estará en condiciones de otorgarle a este período un nuevo valor, y esto resulta una oportunidad educativa.A idade adulta é um período da vida que começa aos vinte anos e termina na velhice. Neste percurso, a pessoa atravessa diversas crises: os trinta anos, os quarenta anos e o passo à velhice. Mesmo se os sistemas formais e não formais de educação orientam-se basicamente para preparação da vida, só pre-param para a vida ativa. Se a pirâmide populacional se inverte, a educação e os educadores teriam que preparar às pessoas para a idade da aposentadoria. Aposentarse no teria que ser uma crise que leve à depressão, inação ou perda do sentido da vida. Ao contrário, a medida que a pessoa aprenda a assumir o desapego como uma etapa normal, estará em condições de dar a este período um valor novo, o qual pode ser uma oportunidade educativa.Adulthood is a time of life that begins when a person is in their twenties and lasts until old age. Along the way, people often go through different crises: the thirties, the forties, and the passage into old age. Although formal and non-formal systems of education are intended essentially to prepare a person for life, they do so

B-type natriuretic peptide in hypertensive crises: Diagnostic use in hypertensive urgencies and emergencies

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Sameh El Maraghi

2013-04-01

Conclusion: During hypertensive crises BNP blood level determination could have a role as a diagnostic tool for the screening of HE and its evaluation is very useful in patients admitted with acute and rapid elevation of BP to limit target organ damage.

Comment éviter la crise de l'eau | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

9 déc. 2010 ... Une crise mondiale de l'eau aux répercussions aussi tragiques que celles ... région aride ne modifie en profondeur ses pratiques de gestion de l'eau. ... Au Moyen-Orient, le traitement et la réutilisation de l'eau provenant des ...

Evidence on the Effectiveness of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Interventions on Health Outcomes in Humanitarian Crises: A Systematic Review.

Science.gov (United States)

Ramesh, Anita; Blanchet, Karl; Ensink, Jeroen H J; Roberts, Bayard

2015-01-01

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions are amongst the most crucial in humanitarian crises, although the impact of the different WASH interventions on health outcomes remains unclear. To examine the quantity and quality of evidence on WASH interventions on health outcomes in humanitarian crises, as well as evaluate current evidence on their effectiveness against health outcomes in these contexts. A systematic literature review was conducted of primary and grey quantitative literature on WASH interventions measured against health outcomes in humanitarian crises occurring from 1980-2014. Populations of interest were those in resident in humanitarian settings, with a focus on acute crisis and early recovery stages of humanitarian crises in low and middle-income countries. Interventions of interest were WASH-related, while outcomes of interest were health-related. Study quality was assessed via STROBE/CONSORT criteria. Results were analyzed descriptively, and PRISMA reporting was followed. Of 3963 studies initially retrieved, only 6 published studies measured a statistically significant change in health outcome as a result of a WASH intervention. All 6 studies employed point-of-use (POU) water quality interventions, with 50% using safe water storage (SWS) and 35% using household water treatment (HWT). All 6 studies used self-reported diarrhea outcomes, 2 studies also reported laboratory confirmed outcomes, and 2 studies reported health treatment outcomes (e.g. clinical admissions). 1 study measured WASH intervention success in relation to both health and water quality outcomes; 1 study recorded uptake (use of soap) as well as health outcomes. 2 studies were unblinded randomized-controlled trials, while 4 were uncontrolled longitudinal studies. 2 studies were graded as providing high quality evidence; 3 studies provided moderate and 1 study low quality evidence. The current evidence base on the impact of WASH interventions on health outcomes in humanitarian

Propagation of crises in the virtual water trade network

Science.gov (United States)

Tamea, Stefania; Laio, Francesco; Ridolfi, Luca

2015-04-01

The international trade of agricultural goods is associated to the displacement of the water used to produce such goods and embedded in trade as a factor of production. Water virtually exchanged from producing to consuming countries, named virtual water, defines flows across an international network of 'virtual water trade' which enable the assessment of environmental forcings and implications of trade, such as global water savings or country dependencies on foreign water resources. Given the recent expansion of commodity (and virtual water) trade, in both displaced volumes and network structure, concerns have been raised about the exposure to crises of individuals and societies. In fact, if one country had to markedly decrease its export following a socio-economical or environmental crisis, such as a war or a drought, many -if not all- countries would be affected due to a cascade effect within the trade network. The present contribution proposes a mechanistic model describing the propagation of a local crisis into the virtual water trade network, accounting for the network structure and the virtual water balance of all countries. The model, built on data-based assumptions, is tested on the real case study of the Argentinean crisis in 2008-09, when the internal agricultural production (measured as virtual water volume) decreased by 26% and the virtual water export of Argentina dropped accordingly. Crisis propagation and effects on the virtual water trade are correctly captured, showing the way forward to investigations of crises impact and country vulnerability based on the results of the model proposed.

Prevention of Targeted School Violence by Responding to Students' Psychosocial Crises: The NETWASS Program

Science.gov (United States)

Leuschner, Vincenz; Fiedler, Nora; Schultze, Martin; Ahlig, Nadine; Göbel, Kristin; Sommer, Friederike; Scholl, Johanna; Cornell, Dewey; Scheithauer, Herbert

2017-01-01

The standardized, indicated school-based prevention program "Networks Against School Shootings" combines a threat assessment approach with a general model of prevention of emergency situations in schools through early intervention in student psychosocial crises and training teachers to recognize warning signs of targeted school violence.…

Associação entre hipertrofia adenotonsilar, tonsilites e crises álgicas na anemia falciforme Association between adenotonsillar hypertrophy, tonsillitis and painful crises in sickle cell disease

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Cristina Salles

2009-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Determinar a prevalência da hipertrofia adenotonsilar obstrutiva em crianças e adolescentes portadores de anemia falciforme; investigar possível associação entre presença de mais de cinco episódios de tonsilite nos últimos 12 meses e episódios de crise álgica no mesmo período; e comparar a hemoglobina anual média entre os que apresentam e os que não apresentam hipertrofia adenotonsilar obstrutiva. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo prospectivo, observacional do tipo corte transversal, com 85 crianças e adolescentes com anemia falciforme. Todos responderam questionário e avaliação otorrinolaringológica, incluindo endoscopia nasossinusal. Para o diagnóstico da hipertrofia adenotonsilar obstrutiva foram adotados os critérios de Brodsky. RESULTADOS: A prevalência da hipertrofia adenotonsilar obstrutiva foi de 55,3%. A hipertrofia adenotonsilar obstrutiva associou-se à história de dificuldade para alimentar-se (76,7 versus 23,5%; p = 0,003, presença de mais de cinco episódios de tonsilites nos últimos 12 meses (70,6 versus 29,4%; p = 0,021, roncar alto (73,0 versus 27,0%; p = 0,004 e apneia do sono assistida (71,8 versus 28,2%; p = 0,005. Portadores de hipertrofia adenotonsilar obstrutiva apresentaram maior número de infecções das vias aéreas superiores (62,5 versus 37,5; p = 0,010. Também foi observada associação entre presença de mais de cinco episódios de tonsilite nos últimos 12 meses e episódios de crise álgica no mesmo período (mediana = 12 versus 2; p = 0,017. Não houve diferença significante da hemoglobina anual média entre portadores de hipertrofia adenotonsilar obstrutiva versus hipertrofia adenotonsilar não-obstrutiva (7,6 versus 8,2 g/dL; p = 0,199. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência da hipertrofia adenotonsilar obstrutiva foi de 55,3% em crianças e adolescentes com anemia falciforme. A presença de mais de cinco episódios de tonsilite nos últimos 12 meses associaram-se com episódios de crise �

Crise convulsive chez les abuseurs de Tramadol et caféine: à ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Nous rapportons Huit cas de crises convulsives diagnostiquées comme maladie épileptique après ingestion de Tramadol et d'autres substances psychotropes dont la Caféine dans une région ou maladie épileptique et addiction au café sont fréquentes. L'objectif de ce travail était d'informer les praticiens sur le risque de ...

Appui à la relance du ROCARÉ-CI en situation de crise post ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

De son indépendance acquise en 1960 jusqu'en 1999, la Côte d'Ivoire était l'un des pays les plus stables d'Afrique et connaissait un essor économique continu grâce à ses nombreuses richesses naturelles, agricoles en particulier. À partir de 1999, le pays s'est installé dans une longue période de crise politique dont le ...

A crise interna do México e a Gripe Suína

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Pedro dos Santos de Borba

2009-05-01

Full Text Available

Desgoverno econômico e narcotráfico põem

em questão a institucionalidade do Estado Mexicano,

enquanto a Gripe Suína alardeia a crise interna.

Crises and Collective Socio-Economic Phenomena: Simple Models and Challenges

Science.gov (United States)

Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe

2013-05-01

Financial and economic history is strewn with bubbles and crashes, booms and busts, crises and upheavals of all sorts. Understanding the origin of these events is arguably one of the most important problems in economic theory. In this paper, we review recent efforts to include heterogeneities and interactions in models of decision. We argue that the so-called Random Field Ising model ( rfim) provides a unifying framework to account for many collective socio-economic phenomena that lead to sudden ruptures and crises. We discuss different models that can capture potentially destabilizing self-referential feedback loops, induced either by herding, i.e. reference to peers, or trending, i.e. reference to the past, and that account for some of the phenomenology missing in the standard models. We discuss some empirically testable predictions of these models, for example robust signatures of rfim-like herding effects, or the logarithmic decay of spatial correlations of voting patterns. One of the most striking result, inspired by statistical physics methods, is that Adam Smith's invisible hand can fail badly at solving simple coordination problems. We also insist on the issue of time-scales, that can be extremely long in some cases, and prevent socially optimal equilibria from being reached. As a theoretical challenge, the study of so-called "detailed-balance" violating decision rules is needed to decide whether conclusions based on current models (that all assume detailed-balance) are indeed robust and generic.

Crise do capital e consequências societárias Crisis of the capital and consequences for the society

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José Paulo Netto

2012-09-01

Full Text Available A palestra aqui transcrita, retomando e ampliando anteriores formulações do autor, considera a série recente de crises da economia capitalista como o prólogo de uma terceira crise sistêmica que afeta o conjunto da ordem do capital. Sumaria as transformações societárias que a sinalizam desde os finais dos anos 1970 e caracteriza a nova barbárie que se anuncia, sublinhando a relação entre a militarização da vida social e o minimalismo das políticas assistencialistas.In the lecture that is transcribed here and that resumes and enlarges the author's former ideas, the recent series of crises of the capitalist economics is considered a prologue of a third system crisis that affects the whole of the order of the capital. This article written from the lecture summarizes the transformations that have signaled such a crisis from the end of the 1970s in society, and it characterizes the new barbarism that is arising, stressing the relation between the militarization of the social life and the minimalism of the assistance policies.

Role of the police in linking individuals experiencing mental health crises with mental health services

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van den Brink, Rob H. S.; Broer, Jan; Tholen, Alfons J.; Winthorst, Wim H.; Visser, Ellen; Wiersma, Durk

2012-01-01

Background: The police are considered frontline professionals in managing individuals experiencing mental health crises. This study examines the extent to which these individuals are disconnected from mental health services, and whether the police response has an influence on re-establishing

Financial Crises As the Failure of Arbitrage: Implications for Monetary Policy

OpenAIRE

Saito, Makoto; Shiratsuka, Shigenori

2001-01-01

This paper attempts to view financial crises as the failure of arbitrage among financial markets, and takes the “Japan premium” phenomenon observed in offshore money markets as an important example in favor of this view. In addition, we reconsider, from this perspective, the open market operations conducted by a central bank during a period of financial distress. The paper first derives from the existing theoretical literature several implications regarding how arbitrage among markets is prev...

How do Economic Crises Impact Firm Boundaries?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Foss, Kirsten

2010-01-01

How economic crises impact the boundaries of firms has been offered virtually no attention in the literature on the theory of the firm. I review the best-known theories of the firm and identify the variables that matter for the explanation of firm boundaries. I then examine how an economic crisis...... may impact these variables and change efficient firm boundaries. The various theories of the firm have difficulties explaining how firms efficiently adapt their boundaries to such prominent characteristics of economic crisis as declining demand and increased costs of external finance. However, all...... these theories stress uncertainty as an antecedent of firm organization, and as uncertainty is also an important characteristic of an economic crisis I examine how uncertainty is allowed to play out in the various theories in order to identify what predictions we can derive from the theory regarding changes...

Bifurcations and Crises in a Shape Memory Oscillator

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Luciano G. Machado

2004-01-01

Full Text Available The remarkable properties of shape memory alloys have been motivating the interest in applications in different areas varying from biomedical to aerospace hardware. The dynamical response of systems composed by shape memory actuators presents nonlinear characteristics and a very rich behavior, showing periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic responses. This contribution analyses some aspects related to bifurcation phenomenon in a shape memory oscillator where the restitution force is described by a polynomial constitutive model. The term bifurcation is used to describe qualitative changes that occur in the orbit structure of a system, as a consequence of parameter changes, being related to chaos. Numerical simulations show that the response of the shape memory oscillator presents period doubling cascades, direct and reverse, and crises.

Crises and (the absence of ethics: Inseparable Magdeburg spheres?

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Stephan V. Arthur

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Ethics and trust can avoid crises, just as, as recent events have clearly proved, the reverse is true. The paper is simply constructed: Section 1 provides a historical analysis; Section 2 deals with today‟s situation, drawing similarities and differences and the possible outcomes thereby arising; the final section concludes. Historical data are difficult to come by for most countries, especially when they should also be comparable across time. In general, and for this reason, US data have been used: however, the situation in other countries was little different, as will be shown, so that the data may be considered to be representative.

Resolution of psychosocial crises associated with flying in space

Science.gov (United States)

Suedfeld, Peter; Brcic, Jelena

2011-07-01

Erikson (1959) proposed a theoretical basis for healthy psychosocial development. His theory posits eight critical conflict situations throughout one's lifetime, each of which can result in a favorable or unfavorable resolution. Autobiographies, memoirs, interviews, personal diaries, and oral histories of 97 international astronauts were content analyzed to assess reported resolutions of Erikson's psychosocial crises, regardless of chronological sequence. We made comparisons across flight phases (before, during, and after), gender, nationality of home space agency, and flight duration. Astronauts reported more favorable than unfavorable outcomes across flight phases and demographic variables. Differences across demographic variables and flight phases, as well as the changes as a result of the flight are discussed.

Gestão do turismo em tempos de crises e vulnerabilidades

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Sinthya Pinheiro Costa

2017-06-01

Full Text Available As constantes crises de ordem econômica, política, social, ambiental tem acometido diversos países e afetam diretamente a gestão do turismo. Na busca pela superação das adversidades, as organizações e gestores que apresentam características resilientes tendem a preservar e restaurar suas estruturas e funções essenciais após os eventos perturbadores. Desta forma, com vistas a compor um documento de apoio para os debates sobre a gestão do turismo em tempos de crise e em situações de vulnerabilidade, se realizou um levantamento bibliográfico e eletrônico para identificar textos científicos e também de organismos internacionais que clarificassem os conceitos da resiliência e sua utilização no turismo. É preciso: a perseguir as indicações do Tourism Resilience Committee para mitigação de riscos relacionados ao turismo; b diagnosticar a capacidade resiliente de um gestor do turismo (metodologia SOBRARE visando desenvolver características capazes de tornar os sujeitos mais preparados para enfrentar e superar as adversidades; c incorporar no processo de planejamento e gestão de cidades turísticas as indicações da Campanha da ONU para tornar as cidades resilientes.

Evidence on the Effectiveness of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH Interventions on Health Outcomes in Humanitarian Crises: A Systematic Review.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anita Ramesh

Full Text Available Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH interventions are amongst the most crucial in humanitarian crises, although the impact of the different WASH interventions on health outcomes remains unclear.To examine the quantity and quality of evidence on WASH interventions on health outcomes in humanitarian crises, as well as evaluate current evidence on their effectiveness against health outcomes in these contexts.A systematic literature review was conducted of primary and grey quantitative literature on WASH interventions measured against health outcomes in humanitarian crises occurring from 1980-2014. Populations of interest were those in resident in humanitarian settings, with a focus on acute crisis and early recovery stages of humanitarian crises in low and middle-income countries. Interventions of interest were WASH-related, while outcomes of interest were health-related. Study quality was assessed via STROBE/CONSORT criteria. Results were analyzed descriptively, and PRISMA reporting was followed.Of 3963 studies initially retrieved, only 6 published studies measured a statistically significant change in health outcome as a result of a WASH intervention. All 6 studies employed point-of-use (POU water quality interventions, with 50% using safe water storage (SWS and 35% using household water treatment (HWT. All 6 studies used self-reported diarrhea outcomes, 2 studies also reported laboratory confirmed outcomes, and 2 studies reported health treatment outcomes (e.g. clinical admissions. 1 study measured WASH intervention success in relation to both health and water quality outcomes; 1 study recorded uptake (use of soap as well as health outcomes. 2 studies were unblinded randomized-controlled trials, while 4 were uncontrolled longitudinal studies. 2 studies were graded as providing high quality evidence; 3 studies provided moderate and 1 study low quality evidence.The current evidence base on the impact of WASH interventions on health outcomes in

Identifying Partisan Slant in News Articles and Twitter during Political Crises

OpenAIRE

Karamshuk, Dmytro; Lokot, Tetyana; Pryymak, Oleksandr; Sastry, Nishanth

2017-01-01

In this paper, we are interested in understanding the interrelationships between mainstream and social media in forming public opinion during mass crises, specifically in regards to how events are framed in the mainstream news and on social networks and to how the language used in those frames may allow to infer political slant and partisanship. We study the lingual choices for political agenda setting in mainstream and social media by analyzing a dataset of more than 40M tweets and more than...

Identity Crises in Love and at Work: Dispositional Optimism as a Durable Personal Resource

Science.gov (United States)

Andersson, Matthew A.

2012-01-01

Using the 2004 General Social Survey (N = 453), the identity stress process is investigated in terms of crises in intimate relationships and at the workplace. I discuss dispositional optimism as a psychological resource that is relatively independent of the situation and the self, making it ideal for structurally disadvantaged actors and for…

The scientific management of volcanic crises

Science.gov (United States)

Marzocchi, Warner; Newhall, Christopher; Woo, Gordon

2012-12-01

Sound scientific management of volcanic crises is the primary tool to reduce significantly volcanic risk in the short-term. At present, a wide variety of qualitative or semi-quantitative strategies is adopted, and there is not yet a commonly accepted quantitative and general strategy. Pre-eruptive processes are extremely complicated, with many degrees of freedom nonlinearly coupled, and poorly known, so scientists must quantify eruption forecasts through the use of probabilities. On the other hand, this also forces decision-makers to make decisions under uncertainty. We review the present state of the art in this field in order to identify the main gaps of the existing procedures. Then, we put forward a general quantitative procedure that may overcome the present barriers, providing guidelines on how probabilities may be used to take rational mitigation actions. These procedures constitute a crucial link between science and society; they can be used to establish objective and transparent decision-making protocols and also clarify the role and responsibility of each partner involved in managing a crisis.

Financial Restructuring in Banking and Corporate Sector Crises: What Policies to Pursue?

OpenAIRE

Stijn Claessens; Daniela Klingebiel; Luc Laeven

2001-01-01

We review the literature on resolving bank and corporate sector crises to identify government policies that affect the depth of a crisis and the ease and sustainability of recovery, and to analyze their fiscal cost. A consistent framework - including sufficient resources for loss-absorption and private agents facing the right framework of sticks and carrots - is the, although often missing key to successful bank and corporate restructuring. Sustainability of restructuring calls for deeper str...

Um olhar sobre a atenção psicossocial a adolescentes em crise a partir de seus itinerários terapêuticos

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Melissa de Oliveira Pereira

2014-10-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa a assistência a adolescentes em crise em um município da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Trata-se do relato de uma pesquisa qualitativa em saúde, que utiliza como recursos metodológicos o Itinerário Terapêutico e as Narrativas de Vida, adotando como principal referência teórica o psicanalista René Kaës. Buscou-se, valendo-se de relatos orais, apreender realidades coletivas que lançassem luzes sobre as distintas lógicas assistenciais e práticas profissionais de cuidado a adolescentes em situação de crise psicossocial. Partiu-se do pressuposto de que, ao ser tomada em seu caráter dialético, a crise exige a existência e a manutenção de um enquadre que permita o estabelecimento de um espaço de transição, no qual se construam condições necessárias para que elementos disruptivos e paradoxais sejam elaborados. No entanto, a atenção à crise no contexto estudado mostrou-se atravessada por dificuldades de infraestrutura e baseada em certa rigidez institucional e fragmentação das ações, com pouco direcionamento para um trabalho intersetorial.

Política monetária em tempos de crise

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Vladimir K. Teles

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo busca investigar como crises causadas por choques externos, como sudden-stops e choques nos termos de troca, afetaram a economia brasileira. Para tanto propomos um modelo teórico simples de cash-in-advance com fricções financeiras de forma que choques de liquidez causam mudanças na alocação dos fatores de produção e na produtividade da economia. Em seguida, o modelo é estimado para a economia brasileira e as implicações para política monetária são analisadas.

Um olhar sistêmico sobre a crise norte-americana

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CHRISTIAN CARVALHO GANZERT

Full Text Available RESUMO No contexto contemporâneo, a economia global pode ser descrita como um sistema baseado em agentes que, quando associados, manifestam seus próprios meios e fins. A crise das hipotecas subprime nos Estados Unidos é um bom exemplo das implicações desse tipo de relacionamento. Ela está diretamente relacionada a poderosos laços de realimentação, compostos por uma série de variáveis que amplificaram o fato de as famílias americanas terem se endividado em ritmo maior do que a sua distribuição de riqueza, prejudicada pela externalização da produção. Há atualmente uma nova estrutura na economia internacional, em que as ex-nações subdesenvolvidas estão mais bem posicionadas no cenário macroeconômico e têm maior poder do que antes - uma consequência do necessário rearranjo sistêmico. Diante dessa complexa dinâmica, a função de inteligência que deveria controlar e garantir a estabilidade sistêmica falhou em perceber a dinâmica e os impactos da nova cultura atrelada ao comportamento do capital contemporâneo, para evitar a perda da hegemonia. Observando-se ex post facto, por meio de um enfoque sistêmico, a crise econômica americana pode ser definida como tendo suas raízes nas premissas de todo o arcabouço cultural da globalização que acabou por conduzir à externalização da produção. Assim, o contexto sistêmico desta análise aponta que a cultura, como importante gerador e amplificador, deve ser o principal foco dos intentos de análise do atual contexto socioeconômico global.

The transmission process of financial crises across the emerging markets: an alternative consideration

OpenAIRE

Abdurrahman, Korkmaz

2012-01-01

This paper offers an alternative consideration for the transmission process of financial crises across emerging markets. Here, we hypothesized that the interdependence effect could weaken, even disappear completely, and veer during a crisis period as a result of the contagion process. The importance of this hypothesis for the policy implication is also highlighted because it can be validated for many cases by our data.

The Continuing Challenge of Racial Conflicts and Crises: Focusing on Education as a Solution

Science.gov (United States)

Brown, Lionel H.; Larsen, Judith; Britt, Ruth S.; Yao, Yao; Brown, Jean P.; Beck, Ryan

2006-01-01

In this first-person paper, educator Dr. Lionel Brown takes a sweeping look at the racial crises that have erupted in his home city of Cincinnati during his lifetime, and proposes that education is the only real, long-term way of addressing and disrupting the repeating pattern of violence. He highlights a selection of current and proposed…

DIVERSIFICAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL DE MACROCARTEIRAS EM CONTEXTO DE CRISES FINANCEIRAS

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Carol Thiago Costa

2012-01-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho tem por objetivo mensurar o grau de correlação entre as bolsas de valores de alguns países considerados emergentes, segundo o Fundo Monetário Internacional (2009, adotando para tal dois períodos distintos, um anterior e outro durante a crise financeira do subprime em 2008, a partir de informações diárias de fechamento dos índices representativos daquelas bolsas. O período está compreendido entre 28 de junho de 2007 a 03 de abril de 2009, totalizando 438 observações para cada bolsa. As técnicas estatísticas abrangem o teste de correlação de Pearson e o teste de correlação móvel, este empregando um período de aproximadamente seis meses. Os principais resultados revelam que, em momentos de instabilidade financeira, tais como o da crise do subprime, em 2008, as correlações entre as bolsas de valores mudam significativamente, convergindo para um valor próximo a um (1, indicando que os mercados caminham de maneira paralela, com poucas opções para a estratégia de diversificação internacional de portfólios de investimento. Palavras-clave: Diversificação internacional. Portfólios de investimento. Correlação. Correlação móvel.

Role of social media and networking in volcanic crises and communication

Science.gov (United States)

Sennert, Sally K.; Klemetti, Erik W.; Bird, Deanne

2017-01-01

The growth of social media as a primary and often preferred news source has contributed to the rapid dissemination of information about volcanic eruptions and potential volcanic crises as an eruption begins. Information about volcanic activity comes from a variety of sources: news organisations, emergency management personnel, individuals (both public and official) and volcano monitoring agencies. Once posted, this information is easily shared, increasing the reach to a much broader population than the original audience. The onset and popularity of social media as a vehicle for eruption information dissemination has presented many benefits as well as challenges, and points towards a need for a more unified system for information. This includes volcano observatories using social media as an official channels to distribute activity statements, forecasts and predictions on social media, in addition to the archiving of images and data activity. This chapter looks at two examples of projects that collect / disseminate information regarding volcanic crises and eruptive activity utilizing social media sources. Based on those examples, recommendations are made to volcanic observatories in relation to the use of social media as a two-way communication tool. These recommendations include: using social media as a two-way dialogue to communicate and receive information directly from the public and other sources; stating that the social media account is from an official source; and, posting types of information that the public are seeking such as images, videos and figures.

Are We Prepared? Four WMD Crises That Could Transform U.S. Security

Science.gov (United States)

2009-06-01

biological attack, as well as for food se- curity associated with meat , poultry , and eggs. ✦ Defense is primarily responsible for activities relat...to mitigate the risks posed by sev- eral “systemic game -changers” that could fundamentally alter America’s ability to respond to future crises. More...capabilities and units, this mis- sion is still predominantly a “U.S.-only” game , as the United States is the only country that can field elimi- nation

Building joint capacity: the role of European Union agencies in the management of trans-boundary crises

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Boin, A.; Busuioc, M.; Groenleer, M.

2011-01-01

This paper focuses on the growing role of European Union (EU) agencies in the management of trans-boundary crises. It makes this development explicit, demonstrating that the emergence of multiple agencies with specific crisis preparation or response tasks has transformed the EU’s crisis management

Crise financeira, estado e regularização jurídica Financial crisis, state and legal regularization

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Nildo Viana

2009-12-01

Full Text Available O Presente artigo discute a questão da crise financeira e seus efeitos na esfera estatal e jurídica, a partir do artigo de josé eduardo faria (2009. para este autor, a crise financeira coloca questões a serem discutidas que possuem ressonância na esfera estatal e jurídica e isto produz uma situação de "poucas certezas e muitas dúvidas", sendo que existiriam cinco possibilidades apontadas por alguns analistas. A análise exposta parte de outra interpretação da crise financeira e, por conseguinte, de suas consequências sociais, bem como apresenta outras tendências e efeitos destas sobre o direito, apresentando uma concepção alternativa ao que este autor apresenta.The present discusses the subject of the financial crisis and your effects in the state and juridical sphere, starting from josé eduardo faria article (2009. para this author, the financial crisis places subjects they be discussed her that possess resonance in the state and juridical sphere and this produces a situation of "few certainties and a lot of doubts", and five pointed possibilities would exist for some analysts. The analysis exposed part of another interpretation of the financial crisis and, consequently, of your social consequences, as well as it presents other tendencies and effects of these on the right, presenting an alternative conception to the that this author presents.

Abdominal injuries in communal crises: The Jos experience

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Emmanuel Olorundare Ojo

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Abdominal injuries contribute significantly to battlefield trauma morbidity and mortality. This study sought to determine the incidence, demographics, clinical features, spectrum, severity, management, and outcome of abdominal trauma during a civilian conflict. Materials and Methods: A prospective analysis of patients treated for abdominal trauma during the Jos civil crises between December 2010 and May 2012 at the Jos University Teaching Hospital. Results: A total of 109 victims of communal conflicts with abdominal injuries were managed during the study period with 89 (81.7% males and 20 (18.3% females representing about 12.2% of the total 897 combat related injuries. The peak age incidence was between 21 and 40 years (range: 3–71 years. The most frequently injured intra-abdominal organs were the small intestine 69 (63.3%, colon 48 (44%, and liver 41 (37.6%. Forty-four (40.4% patients had extra-abdominal injuries involving the chest in 17 (15.6%, musculoskeletal 12 (11%, and the head in 9 (8.3%. The most prevalent weapon injuries were gunshot 76 (69.7%, explosives 12 (11%, stab injuries 11 (10.1%, and blunt abdominal trauma 10 (9.2%. The injury severity score varied from 8 to 52 (mean: 20.8 with a fatality rate of 11 (10.1% and morbidity rate of 29 (26.6%. Presence of irreversible shock, 3 or more injured intra-abdominal organs, severe head injuries, and delayed presentation were the main factors associated with mortality. Conclusion: Abdominal trauma is major life-threatening injuries during conflicts. Substantial mortality occurred with loss of nearly one in every 10 hospitalized victims despite aggressive emergency room resuscitation. The resources expenditure, propensity for death and expediency of timing reinforce the need for early access to the wounded in a concerted trauma care systems.

Paul Jorion, Vers la crise du capitalisme américain

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Claude Dubar

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Paul Jorion est un anthropologue qui s’est donné comme objet de recherche le capitalisme financier américain et sa crise. Le fait n’est pas courant : passer au cours de sa carrière de chercheur de l’étude des paludiers français et de l’apprentissage de leur métier (cf. Delbos et Jorion, La transmission des savoirs, Ed. de la MSH, 1984 à l’analyse du système financier américain suppose à la fois une grande curiosité intellectuelle et une grande flexibilité mentale. L’ouvrage dont il est ici q...

How sex- and age-disaggregated data and gender and generational analyses can improve humanitarian response.

Science.gov (United States)

Mazurana, Dyan; Benelli, Prisca; Walker, Peter

2013-07-01

Humanitarian aid remains largely driven by anecdote rather than by evidence. The contemporary humanitarian system has significant weaknesses with regard to data collection, analysis, and action at all stages of response to crises involving armed conflict or natural disaster. This paper argues that humanitarian actors can best determine and respond to vulnerabilities and needs if they use sex- and age-disaggregated data (SADD) and gender and generational analyses to help shape their assessments of crises-affected populations. Through case studies, the paper shows how gaps in information on sex and age limit the effectiveness of humanitarian response in all phases of a crisis. The case studies serve to show how proper collection, use, and analysis of SADD enable operational agencies to deliver assistance more effectively and efficiently. The evidence suggests that the employment of SADD and gender and generational analyses assists in saving lives and livelihoods in a crisis. © 2013 The Author(s). Journal compilation © Overseas Development Institute, 2013.

Early warning signal for interior crises in excitable systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Karnatak, Rajat; Kantz, Holger; Bialonski, Stephan

2017-10-01

The ability to reliably predict critical transitions in dynamical systems is a long-standing goal of diverse scientific communities. Previous work focused on early warning signals related to local bifurcations (critical slowing down) and nonbifurcation-type transitions. We extend this toolbox and report on a characteristic scaling behavior (critical attractor growth) which is indicative of an impending global bifurcation, an interior crisis in excitable systems. We demonstrate our early warning signal in a conceptual climate model as well as in a model of coupled neurons known to exhibit extreme events. We observed critical attractor growth prior to interior crises of chaotic as well as strange-nonchaotic attractors. These observations promise to extend the classes of transitions that can be predicted via early warning signals.

IMAGEM, MÍDIA E NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS – O DISCURSO DE VEJA EM AS CORES DA CRISE

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Welisson Marques

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Esse artigo propõe discorrer sobre análise imagética nos discursos em geral, bem como no discurso midiático em especial, em face das novas tecnologias contemporâneas. A AD (isto é, Análise do Discurso a que nos referimos é aquela erigida por Michel Pêcheux. Nesse sentido, os conceitos de intericonicidade em Courtine e policromia em Souza são profícuas ferramentas teóricas para se analisar textos não-verbais. Tomamo-los como sustentáculo para a análise da matéria As Cores da Crise, publicada em Veja na época da suposta crise do mensalão. Nesse exercício, voltar-nos-emos para a constituição do sujeito ao se referir ao Partido dos Trabalhadores e como se dá essa relação, atentando-se para os elementos verbais e não-verbais materializados no corpus.

Role of the police in linking individuals experiencing mental health crises with mental health services

Science.gov (United States)

2012-01-01

Background The police are considered frontline professionals in managing individuals experiencing mental health crises. This study examines the extent to which these individuals are disconnected from mental health services, and whether the police response has an influence on re-establishing contact. Methods Police records were searched for calls regarding individuals with acute mental health needs and police handling of these calls. Mental healthcare contact data were retrieved from a Psychiatric Case Register. Results The police were called upon for mental health crisis situations 492 times within the study year, involving 336 individuals (i.e. 1.7 per 1000 inhabitants per year). Half of these individuals (N=162) were disengaged from mental health services, lacking regular care contact in the year prior to the crisis (apart from contact for crisis intervention). In the month following the crisis, 21% of those who were previously disengaged from services had regular care contact, and this was more frequent (49%) if the police had contacted the mental health services during the crisis. The influence of police referral to the services was still present the following year. However, for the majority (58%) of disengaged individuals police did not contact the mental health services at the time of crisis. Conclusions The police deal with a substantial number of individuals experiencing a mental health crisis, half of whom are out of contact with mental health services, and police play an important role in linking these individuals to services. Training police officers to recognise and handle mental health crises, and implementing practical models of cooperation between the police and mental health services in dealing with such crises may further improve police referral of individuals disengaged from mental health services. PMID:23072687

A crise e suas fronteiras: oito meses de "mensalão" nos editoriais dos jornais

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Luis Felipe Miguel

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Com certa freqüência, a imprensa é acusada de "incendiária", alimentando as crises políticas, de forma irresponsável, na busca por melhores manchetes. A partir da análise de editoriais dos três principais jornais da imprensa brasileira entre maio e dezembro de 2005, meses do escândalo do "mensalão", este artigo observa outra faceta: como a crise é constituída como "desvio" a ser corrigido pela punição ou exclusão de determinados atores e comportamentos, impedindo que se coloque em questão os fundamentos do regime político.Press is frequently accused of being "incendiary", nourishing political crisis in an irresponsible way, in search of better headlines. This article relies on an analysis of editorial stuff of the three leading Brazilian newspapers to observe another facet: how the crisis is constituted as a "deviation" something to be corrected by punishment or exclusion of certain actors and kinds of behavior. Thus, the foundations of the political system are never put in question.

Influence of intracranial hemorrhage and neonatal seizures on the neurological and psychomotor development of premature infants at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil Influência da hemorragia intracraniana e crises neonatais sobre o desenvolvimento neurológico e psicomotor de recém-nascidos prematuros no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brasil

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Lygia Ohlweiler

2003-12-01

Full Text Available This study compared the results of neurodevelopmental examination at 6 months' corrected age of premature infants with neonatal seizures and/or intracranial hemorrhage and normal premature infants. There was a statistically significant correlation (p=0.000007 between intracranial hemorrhage and seizures in the group of 68 premature infants seen in the neurodevelopmental outpatient service at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil. Intracranial hemorrhage was significantly associated with multiparity (p=0.02. The neurodevelopmental examination at 6 months' corrected age revealed that patients who suffered neonatal intracranial hemorrhage and/or seizures had inappropriate muscle tone, strength and reflexes, as well as delay in head control. Conclusion: we compared the results of neurodevelopmental examinations of two groups of premature infants at 6 months' corrected age. The difference in neurological development at 6 months' corrected age was statistically significant when comparison was corrected for premature infants who had neonatal seizures and periventricular hemorrhage.Este estudo comparou os resultados do exame do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor aos seis meses de idade corrigida de lactentes prematuros com crises neonatais e/ou hemorragia intracraniana com lactentes prematuros sem estas intercorrências. Houve uma correlação estatisticamente significativa (p=0.000007 entre hemorragia intracraniana e crises neonatais no grupo de 68 lactentes prematuros vistos no ambulatório de neurodesenvolvimento do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brasil. Hemorragia intracraniana foi significativamente associada com multiparidade (p=0.02. O exame do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor aos 6 meses de idade corrigida mostrou que pacientes que sofreram hemorragia intracraniana neonatal e/ou crises neonatais tiveram tônus, forças e reflexos inapropriados, bem como atraso no controle do sustento cefálico. Conclusões: Comparamos os resultados

Discourses of crises and the European Union as a community without qualities: A view from the literary history

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Đerić Gordana

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Proceeding from the assumption that meanings and perceptions of social reality are generated by means of public language, or in other words, from the belief that the role of public language is more that of shaping the social reality, rather than description or detection of problems, the authors assume a reserved approach to contemporary discourses on the crises of the European Union. Such approach is explained by the vagueness and deprival of meaning of the term crises, as it is typically used in current political discourses. By pointing out to a loss of the semantic core of the term, caused by its inconsistent usage and longevity of the condition termed 'crisis', they also express doubts concerning its analytical operativeness. In the authors' opinion, this 'profaned' term has become a performative representation of simulation - sort of crisis, which has, either as a justification, necessity or a pretext, created numerous effects in recent years. The assumption that simulation - seen as the absence of the reality rather than its disguise (Jean Baudrillard - represents a leading principle of our age is examined through the concept of continued effect of literature and corroborated by the authors' interpretation of Robert Musil's novel 'Man Without Qualities', as a mythopoetic framework of the analysis and reflections of high art in the contemporary age. In the first part of the text, the authors point out to Musil's poetic anticipation of the direction taken by the European society, that is, the cultural climate and conditions favouring development of man without qualities. In the absence of these qualities and, especially, in preference given to Musil's category 'sense of possibility'over the 'sense of reality', the authors recognise the interpretative basis for the analysis of Community without qualities, as another name for the European Union. From that point of view, which, in addition to loss of specific qualities, also involves deprival of

Random Acts of Senseless Video: An Organizational Psychology Perspective on the "Identity Crises" of Corporate Television.

Science.gov (United States)

Gutenko, Gregory

Corporate television suffers from at least two "identity crises": departmental isolation, and the lack of a legitimate identity for the corporate video product itself. Video departments are not usually viewed and accepted by the organizational whole as natural evolutions of a historically defined and behaviorally integrated system. The…

Gender Inequality and Disabled Inclusivity in Accounting Higher Education and the Accounting Profession during Financial Crises

Science.gov (United States)

Lodh, Suman; Nandy, Monomita

2017-01-01

In this article, the authors find that, during financial crises, the wage gap between female and male accounting professionals declines and gender inequality in higher education is affected. In addition, less support and lower wages for disabled accounting professionals demotivate disabled students in accounting higher education. Because of budget…

Role of Social Media and Networking in Volcanic Crises and Communication

Science.gov (United States)

Sennert, S.; Klemetti, E. W.; Bird, D. K.

2016-12-01

The growth of social media as a primary and often preferred news source has led to the rapid dissemination of information about volcanic eruptions and potential volcanic crises as they begin, evolve, and end. This information comes from a variety of sources: news organisations, emergency management personnel, individuals (both members of the public and official representatives), and volcano monitoring agencies. Once posted, this information is easily shared, increasing the reach to a much broader population than more traditional forms of media, such as radio and newspapers. The onset and popularity of social media as a vehicle for dissemination of eruption information points toward the need to systematically incorporate social media into the official channels that volcano observatories use to distribute activity statements, forecasts, and images. We explore two examples of projects that collect/disseminate information regarding volcanic crises and eruptive activity via social media sources; the Smithsonian/USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report (WVAR), which summarizes new and on-going volcanic activity globally and on a weekly basis, and Eruptions, a blog that discusses eruptions as well as other volcanic topics. Based on these experiences, recommendations are made to volcanic observatories in relation to the use of social media as a communication tool. These recommendations include: using social media as a two-way dialogue to communicate and receive information directly from the public and other sources; stating that the social media account is from an official source; and posting types of information that users want to see such as images, videos, and figures.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Social Media Crises - How to ride off a CSR-related shitstorm

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Agerdal-Hjermind, Annette; Schmeltz, Line

This paper aims to explore and offer insights into the phenomenon of social media crises in a CSR-related context by reflexively merging theoretical and case insights (Alvesson & Kärreman, 2007, p. 2011). The phenomenon and the components of a social media crisis are theoretically identified...... strategy and communicative skills during a CSR-related social media crisis....

Incidence of health crises in tourists visiting Jamaica, west indies, 1998 to 2000.

Science.gov (United States)

Thompson, Danielle T; Ashley, David V M; Dockery-Brown, Cheryl A; Binns, Alvin; Jolly, Curtis M; Jolly, Pauline E

2003-01-01

Tourism is important to the Jamaican economy accounting for approximately 25% of the gross domestic product. Health problems in tourists could have significant impact on the health of the local population, the scarce health service resources, and the tourist industry. This study was conducted to identify health problems most commonly occurring in tourists visiting Jamaica and examine how these problems are managed. Records of health problems occurring in tourists who visited principal tourist areas on the north coast from June 1998 to June 2002 were reviewed for the type of illness and how the problem was handled. The data were analyzed using Epi-Info software (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA) and Statistical Analysis System software (SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Accidents were the most common health crises reported by tourists. Gastrointestinal, respiratory, and cardiovascular problems occurred less frequently. Those less than 40 years of age more frequently reported accidents or injury, gastrointestinal problems, and drug abuse, whereas respiratory and cardiovascular problems were more common among those above 40 years of age. Cardiovascular problems, drug abuse, and death were more common in men than in women. Hotel nurses handled most of the cases and were more likely to refer patients to private physicians or hospitals than to public hospitals (p Medical insurance covered the costs for 11% of tourists, and 75% paid out of pocket. The information provided by this study can be used to implement changes to reduce health problems in tourists and improve emergency health services in tourist areas.

Crise tireotóxica - um relato de caso

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Mariana Fidelis Solla

2015-10-01

Full Text Available A crise tireotóxica (CT é a complicação mais grave dohipertireoidismo, caracterizada por um conjunto de sinais e sintomassecundários à hipersecreção aguda de hormônios tireoidianos. Contudo, adescompensação da tireoide até o estado de CT ainda não está bemestabelecida. Os fatores desencadeantes incluem: infecções, cirurgias,traumas, extrações dentárias, alterações glicêmicas, suspensão da medicaçãoanti-tireoidiana, parto e palpação vigorosa da tireóide . A CT é uma emergênciamédica que exige cuidados em unidade de tratamento intensivo (UTI. Odiagnóstico precoce é imprescindível para o êxito terapêutico e influidiretamente no prognóstico e sobrevida do paciente. Objetivos: Relatar o casoda paciente do Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba (CHS que ficou sobrecuidados na UTI devido à CT que evolui para fibrilação atrial (FA etromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP, contribuindo para o meio acadêmico ecientífico. Metodologia: As informações contidas nesse trabalho foram obtidaspor meio de análise de prontuário e revisão de literatura. Relato de caso:Paciente de 25 anos, sexo feminino, deu entrada ao pronto atendimento doCHS com quadro de dispneia, palpitações intensas, ansiosa e com tremores deextremidades. A ectoscopia revelou paciente corada, hidratada, anictérica,acianótica, febril e anasarca evidente. O exame específico da tireóidedemonstrou glândula aumentada de tamanho, bócio difuso, sem nodulações àpalpação. Observou-se veias jugulares ingurgitadas e hepatomegalia. Àausculta verificou-se bulhas arrítimicas com hiperfonese de P2 e FC:214bpm.O ECG padrão de FA e sobrecarga de VE. Conclusão: O hipertiroidismo semtratamento clínico pode evoluir ,culminando com sinais e sintomas compatíveiscom crise tireotóxica. sendo necessários diagnóstico e tratamento precoces.

Crise econômica e retorno dos imigrantes brasileiros em Portugal

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Carolina Nunan

Full Text Available A crise econômica internacional desencadeada em 2008 produziu enormes efeitos sobre as migrações mundiais. Alguns estudos têm sido dedicados a esta temática. O objetivo deste artigo é refletir e discutir sobre a existência de um possível fluxo de retorno dos imigrantes brasileiros em Portugal ao país de origem. Os resultados desta investigação apontam para uma desaceleração do fluxo de entrada em Portugal, uma propensão significativa ao retorno, mas um volume efetivo de retorno inferior ao que seria teoricamente de esperar.

Evaluation and treatment of hypertensive crises in children

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Stein DR

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Deborah R Stein, Michael A Ferguson Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Abstract: Hypertensive crises in children are medical emergencies that must be identified, evaluated, and treated promptly and appropriately to prevent end-organ injury and even death. Treatment in the acute setting typically includes continuous intravenous antihypertensive medications with monitoring in the intensive care unit setting. Medications commonly used to treat severe hypertension have been poorly studied in children. Dosing guidelines are available, although few pediatric-specific trials have been conducted to facilitate evidence-based therapy. Regardless of what medication is used, blood pressure should be lowered gradually to allow for accommodation of autoregulatory mechanisms and to prevent cerebral ischemia. Determining the underlying cause of the blood pressure elevation may be helpful in guiding therapy. Keywords: hypertensive crisis, hypertensive urgency, hypertensive emergency, antihypertensive medications

A crise financeira e o global shadow banking system

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Marcos Antonio Macedo Cintra

2008-11-01

Full Text Available A crise financeira iniciada com a elevação da inadimplência e a desvalorização dos imóveis e dos ativos financeiros associados às hipotecas americanas de alto risco (subprime recolocou em debate a arquitetura do sistema financeiro americano e internacional, seus potenciais riscos sistêmicos e seus mecanismos de supervisão e regulação. Uma grande variedade de instituições financeiras frouxamente reguladas e displicentemente supervisionadas passou a constituir a contraparte da transferência de riscos de crédito do sistema bancário e a carregar riscos crescentes. O artigo procura discutir a interação dessas instituições financeiras, incluindo algumas características do principal palco dessa interação - os mercados de balcão - e a utilização de determinadas inovações financeiras que amplificaram a crise. Dada a complexidade e opacidade dessas instituições e mercados, busca ainda explicitar a necessidade de aperfeiçoamentos na sua regulação e supervisão.The financial crisis triggered by increasing default rate, real estate devaluation and financial asset depreciation combined with U.S. subprime mortgages brought about the debate over the framework of the U.S. and international financial systems, their potential systemic risks, and their regulatory and supervisory mechanisms. A great variety of financial institutions which were poorly regulated and badly supervised changed into the counterpart of the credit risk transfer from the banking system and started to hold increasing risks. This paper deals with the interaction of these financial institutions, including a description of some features of the major stage in this process - the so-called over-the-counter (OTC market - and the use of financial innovations which amplified the crisis. It also aims to clarify the need for improvements in terms of regulation and supervision considering the complexity and opacity of these institutions and markets.

More Energy and Less Work, but New Crises: How the Societal Metabolism-Labour Nexus Changes from Agrarian to Industrial Societies

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Willi Haas

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The scientific finding that humanity is overburdening nature and thus risks further ecological crises is almost uncontroversial. Main reason for the crises is the drastic increase in the societal metabolism, which is accomplished through labour. In this article, we examine the societal metabolism-labour nexus in two energy regimes: a valley in the Ethiopian highlands, typical of an agrarian society, and a village in Austria, typical of an industrial society. In the Ethiopian village, the supply of food demands almost the entire labour force, thus limiting the capacity to facilitate material flows beyond food provision. In the Austrian village, fewer working hours, lower workloads but 50 times higher useful energy allow to accumulate stocks like buildings 70 times higher than the Ethiopian case. With fossil energy, industrial societies decisively expand their energy supply and reduce labour hours at the cost of high carbon emissions, which are almost non-existent in the Ethiopian case. To overcome the resulting ecological crises, there is a call to drastically reduce fossil fuel consumption. Such an abandonment of fossil fuels might have as far reaching consequences for the societal metabolism-labour nexus and consequently human labour as the introduction of fossil fuels has had.

Losses Loom Longer Than Gains : Modeling the Impact of Service Crises on Perceived Service Quality over Time

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Gijsenberg, Maarten J.; van Heerde, Harald J.; Verhoef, Peter C.

2015-01-01

Service providers sometimes face mass service failures. These problems occur across service industries, ranging from severe Internet outages to severe delays for airlines or trains. A key question that has not been addressed in the literature is: how do service crises impact perceived service

Variations of Young Germans’ Informal Conceptions of Financial and Economic Crises Phenomena

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Carmela Aprea

2014-02-01

Full Text Available The development of a sound understanding of financial and economic crises phenomena must be considered an important goal within the scope of citizenship, economic and social science education. As with every other educational endeavour, this intention requires solid information about what informal conceptions learners hold about this specific aspect of reality. However, even though this necessity is widely acknowledged, respective theoretical and empirical research is rather scarce. The research to be presented here aims to contribute to filling this gap by exploring variations in young Germans’ common-sense conceptions of financial and economic crises phenomena. The research activities adhere to a comprehensive view of how economic issues should be involved in education. Moreover, a phenomenographic research approach is adopted. This approach was implemented in an interview study with 56 secondary school students in Baden-Württemberg (Germany. Besides this study, the paper also considers evidence from German survey data. In the interview study, four different conceptions (i.e., denial of the crisis, magical thinking, optimism, realism could be reconstructed, which vary with respect to whether students’ awareness of specific facets of the crisis was given or not. In addition, from this study as well as from the survey data, an excessively optimistic attitude was stated in young Germans. This attitude, however, seems to be more a symptom of insecurity and overstrain than a manifestation of a profound comprehension. These results are discussed with regard to the design of formal curricula and instruction.

How Prepared Are America's Colleges and Universities for Major Crises? Assessing the State of Crisis Management

Science.gov (United States)

Mitroff, Ian I.; Diamond, Michael A.; Alpaslan, Murat C.

2006-01-01

This article outlines a set of recommendations to college and university leaders and governing bodies on how to develop crisis-management systems to ensure that their institutions are as well prepared as possible for a wide range of crises. These recommendations are based, in part, on crisis-management programs developed for various business…

Marketing research on product-harm crises : A review, managerial implications, and an agenda for future research

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cleeren, K.; Dekimpe, Marnik; van Heerde, H.J.

A product-harm crisis is a discrete event in which products are found to be defective and therefore dangerous to at least part of the product’s customer base. Product-harm crises are not only dangerous for consumers; they also represent a major threat to the reputation and equity of brands or

Nature et souveraineté. Philosophie politique en temps de crise écologique

OpenAIRE

Gérard Mairet

2015-01-01

L’objet de cet essai est de proposer non certes des solutions pratiques immédiates au problème contemporain de la crise écologique, mais d’élaborer une réflexion théorique par où l’on apercevra l’insuffisance du principe de souveraineté. Au fondement de l’Etat, la souveraineté est gardienne du particularisme des Etats alors qu’une politique universaliste seule (mondiale ou régionale) s’impose face au désordre environnemental. Ainsi, en contrepartie, l’ouvrage dessine le passage d’une politiqu...

A CRISE DO PLANEJAMENTO DE TRANSPORTES NOS PAÍSES EM DESENVOLVIMENTO: REAVALIANDO PRESSUPOSTOS E ALTERNATIVAS

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Eduardo A. Vasconcellos

2010-04-01

Full Text Available O artigo faz inicialmente uma sistematização dos problemas verificados nos países em desenvolvimento, como contribuição ao entendimento da crise urbana e seus efeitos sobre as condições de transporte, são sugeridos novos pressupostos e novos objetivos de orientação do processo de planejamento de transportes.

O impacto de crises financeiras e de medidas prudenciais adotadas pelo Banco Central do Brasil no desempenho bursátil e contábil dos bancos brasileiros no período de junho de 2008 a junho de 2012

OpenAIRE

Araes, Theresângela Giongo Flores

2013-01-01

A falência do Lehman Brothers em 2008 rapidamente desencadeou um severo risco sistêmico no mercado bancário global e resultou na pior crise financeira desde a Grande Depressão em 1929. Esta crise afetou o sistema financeiro brasileiro, provocando a adoção de diversas medidas prudenciais para combater seus efeitos. Como desdobramento desta crise, surgiu a crise fiscal européia em meados de 2010 com novas medidas expansionistas sendo adotadas no Brasil em 2011. O presente trabalh...

Impact of Economic Conditions and Crises on Mortality and its Predictability.

Science.gov (United States)

Bohk, Christina; Rau, Roland

To investigate how economic conditions and crises affect mortality and its predictability in industrialized countries, we review the related literature, and we forecast mortality developments in Spain, Hungary, and Russia-three countries which have recently undergone major transformation processes following the introduction of radical economic and political reforms. The results of our retrospective mortality forecasts from 1991 to 2009 suggest that our model can capture major changes in long-term mortality trends, and that the forecast errors it generates are usually smaller than those of other well-accepted models, like the Lee-Carter model and its coherent variant. This is because our approach is capable of modeling (1) dynamic shifts in survival improvements from younger to older ages over time, as well as (2) substantial changes in long-term trends by optionally complementing the extrapolated mortality trends in a country of interest with those of selected reference countries. However, the forecasting performance of our model is limited (like that of every model): e.g., if mortality becomes extremely volatile-as was the case in Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union-generating a precise forecast will depend more on luck than on methodology and expert judgment. In general, we conclude that, on their own, recent economic changes appear to have minor effects on life expectancy in industrialized countries, but that the effects of these changes are greater if they occur in conjunction with other major social and political changes.

Modèle d’alerte des crises bancaires basé sur une approche hybride : modèle bayésien – machines à vecteurs supports

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Taha Zaghdoudi

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Ces dernières années, la succession des crises bancaires, qui dans la plupart ont été soldées par des pertes économiques et financières énormes, a suscité l’intérêt de plusieurs chercheurs. Empiriquement, ces auteurs ont opté pour des modèles d’alerte précoce (Early Warning System pour prévenir leurs occurrences. L’objectif de ce papier est de construire un Modèle d’alerte des crises bancaires basé sur une approche hybride. Sur la base des données relatives à 22 pays qui ont subi des crises bancaires observées sur la période 1990–2011, nous avons développé un modèle d’alerte des crises bancaires. Ce modèle est basé sur une approche hybride Bayesian model averaging–Support vectors machine. Sur les 25 variables explicatives retenues, les résultats empiriques du modèle hybride ont fait ressortir 9 indicateurs qui sont considérés comme les principaux facteurs déterminants du déclenchement des crises bancaires. Ces derniers ont une probabilité postérieure d’inclusion supérieure à 0,5. Ces indicateurs potentiels sont la rentabilité nette des actifs, la compétitivité de l’intermédiation bancaire, les provisions sur les créances douteuses, les investissements directs étrangers, la concentration bancaire, la stabilité financière des banques, les produits nets financiers, le taux d’intérêt réel et le taux d’inflation.

Heroes of their own stories: expressions of aging in international cinema.

Science.gov (United States)

Yahnke, Robert E

2005-01-01

This study of 14 international feature-length films (1988- 2003) is aimed at providing gerontologists with models of successful aging that portray elders as being valued within the context of community. Elders serve as role models and mentors for the young, and they resolve mid-life crises for the middle-aged. Elders complete their life's work in the context of community (aging in place), where they struggle to maintain abiding values and draws others to the community. The study concludes with examples of key visual metaphors utilized at the endings of selected films that affirm the role of elders as catalysts for change for the young, the middle-aged, and even their communities.

Sexualidades e políticas públicas: uma abordagem queer para tempos de crise democrática

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Jose Inacio Jardim Motta

Full Text Available RESUMO Este trabalho visa a compreender uma política pública de equidade em saúde relativa às sexualidades que se desviam da heterossexualidade compulsória, em um contexto de crise democrática. Para isso, toma-se a teoria queer para analisar, à luz de categorias como poder, resistência e transgressão, o que está por traz do contexto discursivo da política de atenção à saúde da população de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais e Transexuais (LGBT, produzindo uma tensão entre norma, direito e participação social. É percebido que, em uma perspectiva queer, a instabilidade das identidades e a compreensão das redes de poder no interior das práticas de saúde podem fornecer condições de resistências mesmo em situações de crise do Estado democrático.

An Energy Policy Analysis and Proposed Remedial Actions to Reduce Energy Crises in Pakistan

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GHOUS BUX NAREJO

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Pakistan energy demand has grown exponentially over the last 2 decades. Reason behind increasing energy demand is excessive mobility of rural population to cities, rapid progression in industrial and transport sector, lack of policy making and implementation on the developed policies and improvements in living style. At present, Pakistan witness 5000-7000 MW power deficit in summer. To reduce the demand and supply gap, power plants across Pakistan are planned to be installed while some are under development phase. Power expansion plans cannot cope with the current energy shortfall since several years are required for them to get fully operational. Effective energy policy is the only key to address the existing shortfall. This paper discusses the initiatives that may be taken to reduce the power shortfall using energy efficiency and conservation, deployment of microgrids, utilization of renewable energy resources and effective research and development in energy sector. Since another most important issue evaluated in the research regarding the energy crises is energy efficiency and lack of compliance to government regulations for energy efficiency and conservation. Implementation on the policies developed for energy efficiencies and conservation has not been witnessed. Possible solutions on short term basis to lessen the energy crises have also been discussed in the paper

Managing crises through organisational development: a conceptual framework.

Science.gov (United States)

Lalonde, Carole

2011-04-01

This paper presents a synthesis of the guiding principles in crisis management in accordance with the four configurational imperatives (strategy, structure, leadership and environment) defined by Miller (1987) and outlines interventions in organisational development (OD) that may contribute to their achievement. The aim is to build a conceptual framework at the intersection of these two fields that could help to strengthen the resilient capabilities of individuals, organisations and communities to face crises. This incursion into the field of OD--to generate more efficient configurations of practices in crisis management--seems particularly fruitful considering the system-wide application of OD, based on open-systems theory (Burke, 2008). Various interventions proposed by OD in terms of human processes, structural designs and human resource management, as well as strategy, may help leaders, members of organisations and civil society apply effectively, and in a more sustainable way, the crisis management guiding principles defined by researchers. © 2011 The Author(s). Disasters © Overseas Development Institute, 2011.

La crise sociale aux Antilles françaises

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Justin Daniel

2009-03-01

Full Text Available La crise sociale qui a récemment secoué les Antilles françaises consacre le retour de la « question sociale » sur les scènes politiques insulaires. Elle s’est également traduite par un dessaisissement du personnel politique dont la parole est devenue inaudible, et une montée en puissance de la société civile. Loin d’avoir réglé les problèmes structurels, elle témoigne cependant d’une évolution significative des rapports entre l’outre-mer et l’Hexagone.The social crisis which recently shook the French West Indies legitimises the return of the “social question” on the insular political scenes. It also resulted in a withdrawal of the political personnel whose discourse became inaudible and in the emergence of civil society. Far from having resolved the structural problems, it reveals a significant change of the relationship between the overseas territories  and the Hexagon.

International Reserves Crises, Monetary Integration and the Payments System during the International Gold Standard

OpenAIRE

Paula Hernandez-Verme

2009-01-01

I model an international payments system with a financial center and periphery to reproduce various aspects of the International Gold Standard. This period was characterized by frequent crises associated with scarce stocks of reserves, high short-term interest rates with subsequent gold inflows and transmission of output contractions across countries. I find that a common international currency and no legal restrictions on exchange help the periphery share reserves with the financial center, ...

A crise energética argentina: fonte de conflito ou oportunidade de cooperação?

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Marcos Paulo de Araujo Ribeiro

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Recentemente a crise enérgica na Argentina ganhou repercussão mundial.  Nesse sentido o presente artigo busca analisar essa situação e as implicações que ela terá no cenário regional e mundial, em termos de possibilitar a cooperação ou gerar conflito.

TEN YEARS AFTER THE GLOBAL CRISES - EXPORTS RECOVERY AT REGIONAL LEVEL IN ROMANIA

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Artur-Emilian SIMION

2018-05-01

Full Text Available After ten years of the global financial crises, which peak in Romania was 2009, the negative impact on exports and imports of Romania are still in place for some Romanian counties. The scale of the impact highlights the strong connections between the national economy and the economy of the other EU countries, which have suffered during the crisis because of falling demand for imports from Romania. The good export recovery is not a favorable thing for those counties who focused theirs exports on primary products, products based on natural resources and low-technology products. These exports lead to the decrease in foreign exchange earnings and implicitly the potential of endogenous growth at the county level, mainly due to deteriorating terms of trade. The paper is focused on Romanian exports recovery analysis, taking into account the impact of world financial crisis, which started in Romania in 2009. A special attention is paid to the recovery of exports at the regional level and to the importance of the structural changes of Romanian export, occurred in 2017 compared to 2008. Also, in this article are analyzed the concentration of exports at county level, the main partners on export, the share of the first 10 partners and evolution of export per capita at the counties level. The trade balance is used to classify the counties in: net exporters (export>import and net importers (import>export.

A Economia Brasileira Diante da Crise Mundial: Fragilidades e Perspectivas de Crescimento

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José Matias-Pereira

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo, apoiado nos principais indicadores da economia global e nacional, é promover uma análise dos efeitos da crise mundial e as perspectivas de crescimento da economia brasileira no período de 2013-2015. O referencial teórico está apoiado nas Teorias Keynesiana, Neoinstitucionalista e das Finanças Públicas. Trata-se de um artigo bibliográfico, descritivo e qualitativo, cujas discussões estão baseadas nas projeções contidas nos relatórios das principais instituições multilaterais e nacionais brasileiras, em especial nas variáveis econômicas mais relevantes como o crescimento da economia mundial, do comportamento do nível de emprego e da inflação. Os resultados das discussões, a partir das análises dos documentos citados, evidenciam que a crise econômica mundial continua impactando de forma preocupante na maioria dos países, em especial, dos países membros da Zona do Euro e Estados Unidos, e que o desempenho da economia brasileira deverá crescer num ritmo menor nos próximos anos. Essas constatações permite concluir que se faz necessário a definição de um diagnóstico consistente para o Brasil, que permita uma mudança estrutural no potencial de expansão da economia do país, em especial, preparando de forma mais adequada o seu ambiente macro e microeconômico.

Individual genetic variations related to satiety and appetite control increase risk of obesity in preschool-age children in the STRONG kids program.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Yingying; Wang, Anthony; Donovan, Sharon M; Teran-Garcia, Margarita

2013-01-01

The burden of the childhood obesity epidemic is well recognized; nevertheless, the genetic markers and gene-environment interactions associated with the development of common obesity are still unknown. In this study, candidate genes associated to satiety and appetite control pathways with obesity-related traits were tested in Caucasian preschoolers from the STRONG Kids project. Eight genetic variants in genes related to obesity (BDNF, LEPR, FTO, PCSK1, POMC, TUB, LEP, and MC4R) were genotyped in 128 children from the STRONG Kids project (mean age 39.7 months). Data were analyzed for individual associations and to test for genetic predisposition scores (GPSs) with body mass index (BMI) and anthropometric traits (Z-scores, e.g. height-for-age Z-score, HAZ). Covariates included age, sex, and breastfeeding (BF) duration. Obesity and overweight prevalence was 6.3 and 19.5%, respectively, according to age- and sex-specific BMI percentiles. Individual genetic associations of MC4R and LEPR markers with HAZ were strengthened when BF duration was included as a covariate. Our GPSs show that, as the number of risk alleles increased, the risk of higher BMI and HAZ also increased. Overall, the GPSs assembled were able to explain 2-3% of the variability in BMI and HAZ phenotypes. Genetic associations with common obesity-related phenotypes were found in the STRONG Kids project. GPSs assembled for specific candidate genes were associated with BMI and HAZ phenotypes. © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Efeito de medicamentos sobre tipos eletroclínicos de crises epilépticas na síndrome de Lennox-Gastaut

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José Geraldo Speciali

1977-09-01

Full Text Available Analisamos os resultados terapêuticos obtidos com o uso de diferentes drogas (diazepam, nitrazepam, clonazepam, difenilhidantoina, barbitúricos - fenobarbital e primidona -, dipropilacetato de sódio e ACTH em 29 pacientes com síndrome de Lennox-Gastaut. Discutimos a ação de cada droga sobre as crises epilépticas (tônicas, tônico-clônicas, clônicas, mioclônicas ou mioclonoatônicas, atônicas e ausências atípicas durante o primeiro mês de cada esquema terapêutico. Delimitamos os campos de ação específica de cada medicação e verificamos a possibilidade de reduzir a incidência de crises epilépticas retirando ou diminuindo as dosagens das drogas administradas.

International Responses to Human Protection Crises: Responsibility to Protect and the Emerging Protection Regime*

OpenAIRE

Bellamy, Alex J.

2015-01-01

This essay examines contemporary debates about human protection by the UN Security Council and others in response to major humanitarian crises. It argues that there are clear signs of an emerging international human protection regime in the evolving practice of the Security Council and suggests that this regime is based on an accommodation between different moral accounts of humanitarian intervention. The first section examines some of the legal and moral debates that have arisen with respect...

Early warning systems of financial crises: implementation of a currency crisis model for Uganda

OpenAIRE

Heun, Michael; Schlink, Torsten

2004-01-01

The objective of this paper is to implement a prototype of a currency crisis model as part of an early warning system framework for Uganda. The financial systems of developing countries like Uganda are especially vulnerable and therefore robust instruments to predict crises are needed. Our model is based on the signals approach developed by Kaminsky, Lizondo and Reinhart (1998) and Kaminsky and Reinhart (1999). The basic idea of the signals approach is to monitor several indicators that tend ...

PREDICTABILITY OF FINANCIAL CRISES: TESTING K.R.L. MODEL IN THE CASE OF TURKEY

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Zeynep KARACOR

2012-06-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study is to test predictability of 2007 Global Economic Crisis which hit Turkey by the help of macroeconomic data of Turkey. K.R.L. model is used to test the predictability. By the method of analyzing various leading early warning indicators, the success of the model in forecasting the crises is surveyed. The findings do not support K.R.L. models. Possible reasons for this are stated at the article.

Inovação metodológica sobra a crise financeira internacional: Keynes visita Beijing

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JOSÉ RIBEIRO MACHADO NETO

2009-02-01

Full Text Available

Este artigo trata do posicionamento da

China diante da atual crise financeira global, cujo

elenco de medidas de política econômica notabilizase

pelo enfoque keynesiano.

Addison's disease with polyglandular autoimmunity carries a more than 2·5-fold risk for adrenal crises: German Health insurance data 2010-2013.

Science.gov (United States)

Meyer, Gesine; Badenhoop, Klaus; Linder, Roland

2016-09-01

Adrenal crises are potentially life-threatening complications in patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI). Our objective was to investigate the frequency of adrenal crises in different forms of AI. The Statutory Health Insurance (SHI) database of the Techniker Krankenkasse - covering more than 12% of the German population - was analysed for diagnostic codes from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2013. By analysis of routine data from a large healthcare provider. Diagnoses of AI were recorded and classified in primary AI, secondary AI and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS). The ICD-code E27·2 (AC) was retrieved in all cohorts. We found a prevalence of 222/million for secondary and 126/million for primary AI. AC was documented with a frequency of 4·8/100 patient years. Crises were significantly more frequent in patients with primary (7·6/100 patient years) compared to those with secondary AI (3·2/100 patient years; P < 0·0001). Prevalence of crises was higher in individuals with APS (10·9/100 patient years) and highest in patients with primary AI and type 1 diabetes (12·5/100 patient years). Applying a SHI database comprising more than 9 million individuals, we identified robust data about the risk of AC in different groups of patients with AI. Our data confirm and extend the clinical observation that patients with APS are at highest risk for AC. Approximately 1 of 8 patients with primary AI and type 1 diabetes suffers from an AC each year. Specific targeting of efforts aiming at the prevention of AC is necessary. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Crises não-epilépticas: clínica e terapêutica Nonepileptic seizures: clinical features and therapeutics

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Guilherme Nogueira Mendes de Oliveira

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Discutir as crises ou os eventos paroxísticos que simulem crises epilépticas, enfatizando as diferenças semiológicas entre elas e as perspectivas terapêuticas. Realizamos uma revisão da literatura, selecionando artigos nas bases de dados Medline e Bireme, a partir dos unitermos: "non-epileptic seizures", "psychogenic seizures". As crises não-epilépticas (CNE podem ser classificadas em fisiológicas (síncope, migrânea, ataque isquêmico transitório e em psicogênicas (voluntárias ou não. O padrão-ouro para a diferenciação entre as crises epilépticas e as CNE é o videoeletroencefalograma, mas vários dados semiológicos podem auxiliar esse processo. O tratamento das CNE baseia-se em psicoterapia e em farmacoterapia direcionadas aos transtornos psiquiátricos comórbidos. Apesar de a alta prevalência das CNE e de sua elevada morbidade, são escassos os estudos na literatura nacional. São muitos os desafios diagnósticos e terapêuticos. Assim, o psiquiatra atentar-se à sua ocorrência, evitando iatrogenia, como o uso desnecessário de drogas antiepilépticas.To discuss paroxysmal events that mimic epileptic seizures with emphasis on their semiologic differences and therapeutic perspectives. We did a narrative review of the literature based on selected papers in Medline and Bireme after searching for the uniterms "non-epileptic seizures" and "psychogenic seizures". Nonepileptic seizures (NES can be classified in physiological (syncope, migraine, transitory ischemic attack and psychogenic (voluntary or involuntary. The gold-standard in the differentiation of epileptic and nonepileptic seizures is the video-electroencefalogram, but many semiologic features can contribute to this process. The treatment of NES is based mainly on psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy directed to comorbid psychiatric disorders. Despite the high prevalence and elevated morbidity of the NES, there are just few studies on this subject in the Brazilian

Technologies numériques et crise environnementale : peut-on croire aux TIC vertes ?

OpenAIRE

Flipo , Fabrice; Deltour , François; Gossart , Cédric; Dobré , Michelle; Michot , Marion; Berthet , Laurent

2009-01-01

213 p; La prise de conscience d'une crise environnementale majeure ainsi que la numérisation croissante de nos modes de vie constituent deux éléments saillants des transformations actuelles de notre société. Notre étude a pour objectif de mieux comprendre la nature du lien entre ces deux facettes de notre société et questionne les enjeux écologiques des technologies numériques de l'information et de la communication (TNIC). Le terme de " Green IT " ou " TIC vertes " commence à se diffuser, af...

Health crises due to infectious and communicable diseases : European preparedness and response tools in an international context.

Science.gov (United States)

Mahy, Patrick; Collard, Jean-Marc; Gala, Jean-Luc; Herman, Philippe; Groof, Dirk De; Quoilin, Sophie; Sneyers, Myriam

2017-06-01

The combination of changes in eating habits, ways of living, globalisation, extensive travelling and the migration of millions of people around the world may be contributing to increased health risks. Certainly, health crises today are proving highly complex. More and more people are travelling and may carry with them unexpected virus vectors such as mosquitoes. Preparedness is challenging and there is a need for action plans to safeguard the growing at-risk population. Health crises can potentially affect a large proportion of the population and may lead to a significant increase in mortality or to an abnormally high death rate. This should be integrated into the general concept of national and international surveillance in order to provide a prepared response in the event of crisis. This paper provides an inventory of the relevant laws, guidelines and tools in Europe (and to a lesser degree, beyond), and proposes answers to the health crisis problems associated with infectious and communicable diseases. In crisis management, communication is an important factor to consider. This paper can serve as a tool for people involved in crisis preparedness.

The silent victims of humanitarian crises and livelihood (in)security: a case study among migrants in two Chadian towns

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Djindil, N.S.; Bruijn, de M.

2009-01-01

Once a humanitarian disaster receives coverage in the global media, the international community usually mobilises to reduce the most severe consequences. However people in Chad are experiencing endemic crises that are detached from speci!c triggers, and they are not receiving any international

Is there a statistical relationship between economic crises and changes in government health expenditure growth? an analysis of twenty-four European countries.

Science.gov (United States)

Cylus, Jonathan; Mladovsky, Philipa; McKee, Martin

2012-12-01

To identify whether, by what means, and the extent to which historically, government health care expenditure growth in Europe has changed following economic crises. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Health Data 2011. Cross-country fixed effects multiple regression analysis is used to determine whether statutory health care expenditure growth in the year after economic crises differs from that which would otherwise be predicted by general economic trends. Better understanding of the mechanisms involved is achieved by distinguishing between policy responses which lead to cost-shifting and all others. In the year after an economic downturn, public health care expenditure grows more slowly than would have been expected given the longer term economic climate. Cost-shifting and other policy responses are both associated with these slowdowns. However, while changes in tax-derived expenditure are associated with both cost-shifting and other policy responses following a crisis, changes in expenditure derived from social insurance have been associated only with changes in cost-shifting. Disproportionate cuts to the health sector, as well as reliance on cost-shifting to slow growth in health care expenditure, serve as a warning in terms of potentially negative effects on equity, efficiency, and quality of health services and, potentially, health outcomes following economic crises. © Health Research and Educational Trust.

O impacto da crise econômica espanhola na mão de obra imigrante

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Nilton Cezar Pereira Pinto

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar a situação da mão de obra imigrante na Espanha nos últimos dez anos, vinculando-a com as transformações econômicas e sociais pelas quais o país tem passado desde meados da década de 1990, com ênfase no panorama gerado pela crise econômica que eclodiu a partir do final de 2008 e o seu impacto na situação dos imigrantes, coletivo que mais tem sofrido com o novo quadro econômico e social estabelecido com a crise. Diante da situação que a Espanha atravessa, com notável aumento do desemprego e de deterioração dos indicadores sociais, nota-se o retorno considerável de imigrantes para os seus países de origem depois de esgotarem todas as vias alternativas de permanência na Espanha. O fundamento para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foram os dados proporcionados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE da Espanha, utilizando a EPA (Encuesta de Población Activa, além dos dados do Eurostat e das fontes bibliográficas citadas.

Complex partial seizures and aphasia as initial manifestations of non-ketotic hyperglycemia: case report Crises parciais complexas e afasia como manifestações iniciais de hiperglicemia não cetótica: relato de caso

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MARCUS SABRY AZAR BATISTA

1998-06-01

Full Text Available We describe a case of non-ketotic hyperglycemia (NKH, heralded by complex partial seizures and aphasia of epileptic origin, besides versive and partial motor seizures. This clinical picture was accompanied by left fronto-temporal spikes in the EEG. The seizures were controlled by carbamazepine only after the control of the diabetes. A month later, carbamazepine was discontinued. The patient remained without seizures, with normal language, using only glybenclamide. Complex partial seizures, opposed to simple partial seizures, are rarely described in association to NKH. Epileptic activity localized over language regions can manifest as aphasia.Descrevemos um caso de hiperglicemia não-cetótica (HNC cujas manifestações iniciais foram crises parciais complexas e afasia de origem epiléptica, além de crises versivas e parcias motoras. Este quadro clínico foi acompanhado por atividade epileptiforme na região fronto-temporal esquerda ao eletrencefalograma. As crises epilépticas foram controladas com carbamazepina (CBZ apenas após o controle do diabetes mellitus. Após um mês, a CBZ foi suspensa, permanecendo a paciente com linguagem normal, sem novas crises epilépticas, em uso apenas de glibenclamida. Crises parciais complexas, ao contrário de crises parciais simples, são raramente descritas como manifestação de HNC. Atividade epileptiforme nas regiões relacionadas a linguagem podem manifestar-se como afasia.

External Shocks and Banking Crises in Developing Countries: Does the Exchange Rate Regime Matter?

OpenAIRE

Chandima Mendis

2002-01-01

This paper examines some determinants of banking crises in developing economies. Specifically, the effects of terms of trade shocks and capital flows are analyzed. The choice of the nominal exchange rate regime is found to be a crucial factor in the way various shocks are transmitted through the monetary sector. A logit model is used on panel data and preliminary results indicate that countries with flexible regimes were able to lessen the impact of external shocks on the domestic economy. Th...

In HOs we trust : how crises affect brand image and trustworthiness in humanitarian organizations

OpenAIRE

Diep, Lisa; Stedt, Amanda

2014-01-01

During the past five years the Red Cross has been involved in two different internal crises. All of them can be related to trustworthiness and brand image. Why would someone keep donating money to an organization that has been involved in fraud and suspicion of corruption? The purpose of this dissertation is to explore how non-governmental (NGO) and non-profit (NPO) organizations rebuild their brand image and trustworthiness after a crisis. We will look at the problem from both the organizati...

CYCLES AND CRISES: HISTORY AND MODERNITY (THE RESULTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL NOBEL ECONOMIC FORUM)

OpenAIRE

Borys I.KHOLOD; Anatoly O.ZADOYA

2009-01-01

The paper analysis the main features of crisis phenomena in the early 21st century taking into consideration the overlapping stages of different types of business cycle (short and medium terms). The authors evaluate different kinds of economic cycles from the viewpoint of both history and modernity on the basis of opinions formulated during the International Nobel Economic Forum ôWord Economy in the 21th Century: Cycles and Crisesö (held in September 2008 at Dnipropetrovsk, University of Econ...

DISCURSO DA CRISE AMBIENTAL NA MÍDIA IMPRESSA

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Bárbara Hees Garré

Full Text Available Resumo: O artigo problematiza o discurso de crise ambiental na atualidade. A partir de algumas ferramentas da análise do discurso foucaultiana, discute-se um dos enunciados que compõe o discurso aqui investigado: o “Terror e medo pela perda do Planeta”. O estudo toma como corpus discursivo a revista Veja, especialmente reportagens produzidas a partir de 2001, em que enunciações ocupadas por terror e medo se tornam evidentes na mídia em análise. Discussões acerca do medo em Zigmunt Bauman, biopoder/biopolítica em Michel Foucault e cultura a partir de estudiosos do campo da Educação Ambiental são tomados como aportes teóricos desse estudo. Nas reportagens em evidência, há um forte chamamento para riscos e perigos quanto à continuidade de vida na Terra atrelado ao convite para que participemos da grande campanha mundial. Pensarmos possibilidades de enfrentar medos líquidos modernos, produzindo outros modos de nos relacionarmos com o ambiente, é um dos desafios dessa pesquisa.

Débats d'experts sur la réaction des femmes à la crise économique ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

23 nov. 2010 ... Les expertes invitées Devaki Jain et Diane Elson ont traité des répercussions de l'actuelle crise économique mondiale sur les femmes des pays en développement, et présenté le programme économique en sept points de Casablanca Dream destiné à aider les femmes à se sortir de la pauvreté.

Proactive Crisis Management (PCM) : Perceptions of crisis-awareness and crisis-readiness in organizations in relation with their actual strategic initiatives against industrial crises caused by human errors.

OpenAIRE

Humanson, Richard; Nordeman, Patrik

2017-01-01

Abstract Purpose: In a competitive and constituently changing global business environment, it is almost  impossible  for  organizations  to  avoid  crises  of  various  types  and  magnitude.  The objective of this study is to display relationships between perception of crisis awareness, crisis readiness and the organizations` actual crisis management initiatives against major industrial crises. This thesis also aims to clarify if the perception of crisis-awareness and crisis-readiness could ...

Organizational preparedness for and management of volcanic crises at Kīlauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes, Hawaii

Science.gov (United States)

Gregg, C. E.; Reeves, A.; Lindell, M. K.; Prater, C.; Joyner, T. A.; Eggert, S.

2016-12-01

The eruption of Kīlauea volcano since 1983 has produced a series of crises, the latest one occurring in 2014 and 2015 when a new vent sent lava flows northeastward toward developed areas in the lower Puna District of Kīlauea. The June 27 lava flow took about 2 months to advance to the edge of developed areas in Puna, prompting widespread reaction. Volcanic eruptions often have large economic consequences out of proportion with their magnitudes, and uncertainties about the physical and organizational communication of risk information amplify these losses. This study aims to improve tools to communicate uncertainty of volcanic activity and organizational and individual response, offering clearer and more reliable information to guide civic leaders in issuing appropriate warnings. One significant impediment to risk communication is limited knowledge about the most effective ways to communicate scientific uncertainty through verbal, numeric and graphic methods. The public's demand for near-real time information updates during the June 27 lava crisis, including both written messages and graphics, required some agencies to provide information at a faster rate than in any previous eruption. In order to understand how these and other stakeholders involved with the crisis can better plan for and manage future crises, including implementing evacuation decisions, we conducted a series of interviews and a mental model exercise with stakeholders. We explored their knowledge of local risk communication messages and hazard mitigation efforts and their experiences during the June 27 lava flow crisis. Stakeholders represented county, state and federal agencies and included elected officials, emergency managers, scientists, and other professionals involved with the crisis (traffic engineers, land use planners, police officers, fire fighters). We also assessed factors that influence individual and household preparedness to implement officials' protective action recommendations

Risco soberano brasileiro, crises internacionais e fluxos de investimentos estrangeiros em carteiras de ações El riesgo soberano de brasil, crisis internacionales y flujos de inversión extranjera en cartera Brazilian sovereign risk, international crises and foreign portfolio investment flows

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Antônio André Cunha Callado

2009-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é descrever o comportamento do risco soberano brasileiro de 1995 a 2005, para avaliar a influência das crises financeiras internacionais sobre o risco soberano brasileiro nesse período. A influência das crises financeiras internacionais é analisada por métodos econométricos. O risco soberano pode ser modelado econometricamente mediante regressões com variáveis explicativas, tais como IBOVESPA, taxa de juros SELIC de curto prazo, reservas internacionais brasileiras, taxa de câmbio do Real em relação ao dólar americano e fluxos de investimentos estrangeiros para portfólios de ações e renda fixa. As primeiras quatro variáveis são usadas para a construção de um índice de pressão do mercado de câmbio que identifique e mensure períodos de crise financeira internacional e modele suas influências sobre o risco soberano. Outro modelo explica as mudanças no risco soberano em razão do índice de pressão do mercado de câmbio e dos fluxos de investimentos estrangeiros em portfólios de ações, obtendo bons resultados em uma projeção dinâmica sobre a variável dependente risco soberano brasileiro. Dados mensais foram usados em um teste de causalidade de Granger para identificar relações defasadas. Os resultados mostraram que as variáveis de mercado são determinadas simultaneamente, enquanto a taxa de juros SELIC reage com certa defasagem curta, o que revela que políticas monetárias reagem mais às crises financeiras do que se antecipam a elas. O teste de causalidade de Granger foi usado para dados diários e obteve o mesmo resultado.El objetivo de este artículo es describir el comportamiento del riesgo soberano brasileño de 1995 a 2005 para evaluar la influencia de las crisis financieras internacionales sobre el riesgo soberano brasileño en este periodo. La influencia de las crisis financieras internacionales es analizada por métodos econométricos. El riesgo soberano puede ser modelado

Economic Crises and the Complexity of Animal Spirits Modeling

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Grigore PIROŞCĂ

2011-02-01

Full Text Available The rationale of this research goes into the origins of the economic crises from a different way of economic thinking, hence the professional interest on bringing again into the light the concept of animal spirits, used for the first time from classic liberals like David Hume, developed by doctrine founder John Maynard Keynes, and captured as groundbreaking economic crisis hypothesis in Nobel Prize laureates’ books like George Akerlof. A familiar account of the last financial crisis underlines the collapse of confidence and evaporation of trust which leaded to failure of corporate governance and easy money policy. Nor were these problems of recent origin; they were rooted in deep structural changes in the economy that date back many years. Financial innovations overheated the world economy and gained steam because of irrational exuberance over a risk free better future. Considering the evidence analyzed in this paper work, this approach of economic crisis through animal spirits puts forward new highlights of economic thought.

Prokaryotic diversity and biochemical properties in aging artificial pit mud used for the production of Chinese strong flavor liquor.

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Zhongke; Chen, Can; Hou, Xiaoge; Zhang, Jie; Tian, Fengshou; Li, Chengwei

2017-10-01

At present, artificial pit mud (APM) is widely used in Chinese liquor-making industry and plays a particular role in the production of Chinese strong flavor liquor (CSFL). However, APM frequently ages during fermentation, thus becoming unsuitable for sustainable use due to its low-quality. The reasons behind, and results of, APM aging during the production of CSFL are not yet understood. Sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene shows that prokaryotic diversity is significantly decreased (Shannon's diversity index, P  aging APM. On the phylum level, the increase of Firmicutes and decrease of Proteobacteria are the main consequences of APM aging during the production of CSFL. The counting of cultivatable bacteria confirmed that there was a large increase in Lactobacilli and aerobic spore-forming bacteria in aging low-quality APM (more than twofold). Unexpectedly, the total number of caproic acid-producing bacteria, mainly Clostridia , did not change significantly between the two kinds of APM. Furthermore, biochemical analysis indicates that the pH and the levels of NH 4 + and K + are decreased in aging low-quality APM ( P  aging can be controlled potentially by adjustment of environmental factors and/or supplementation of diminished or missed microorganisms.

The Cyclical Behaviour of Global Economic Crises and Their Strenght

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Simona Moagăr-Poladian

2010-04-01

Full Text Available In the last 40 years, the world crises have become more and more intensely and serious. The decoupling phenomenon between the financial flows and commodities flows has shown the political factors involvement in international monetary flows, reflected first of all by the increasing military expenses in the contemporary world economy. The petroleum shocks from ‘74-‘75 years had generated monetary flows of petrodollars that accentuated the international financial assumptions. The financial movements have overlapped to a less currency utilisation in the material trade owing to the fact that the consistent dropping of the world trade stimulated trade by swap. The unbalanced distribution of the international financial liquidities, the chronical disequilibrium of current account balance, approval of high rate of exchange rate volatility and multiple currency approvals explain somewhat the differing economic growth on the world level.

Mechanism for boundary crises in quasiperiodically forced period-doubling systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Sang-Yoon; Lim, Woochang

2005-01-01

We investigate the mechanism for boundary crises in the quasiperiodically forced logistic map which is a representative model for quasiperiodically forced period-doubling systems. For small quasiperiodic forcing ε, a chaotic attractor disappears suddenly via a 'standard' boundary crisis when it collides with the smooth unstable torus. However, when passing a threshold value of ε, a basin boundary metamorphosis occurs, and then the smooth unstable torus is no longer accessible from the interior of the basin of the attractor. For this case, using the rational approximations to the quasiperiodic forcing, it is shown that a nonchaotic attractor (smooth torus or strange nonchaotic attractor) as well as a chaotic attractor is destroyed abruptly through a new type of boundary crisis when it collides with an invariant 'ring-shaped' unstable set which has no counterpart in the unforced case

Mechanism for boundary crises in quasiperiodically forced period-doubling systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Sang-Yoon [Department of Physics, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Kangwon-Do 200-701 (Korea, Republic of)]. E-mail: sykim@kangwon.ac.kr; Lim, Woochang [Department of Physics, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Kangwon-Do 200-701 (Korea, Republic of)]. E-mail: wclim@kwnu.kangwon.ac.kr

2005-01-10

We investigate the mechanism for boundary crises in the quasiperiodically forced logistic map which is a representative model for quasiperiodically forced period-doubling systems. For small quasiperiodic forcing {epsilon}, a chaotic attractor disappears suddenly via a 'standard' boundary crisis when it collides with the smooth unstable torus. However, when passing a threshold value of {epsilon}, a basin boundary metamorphosis occurs, and then the smooth unstable torus is no longer accessible from the interior of the basin of the attractor. For this case, using the rational approximations to the quasiperiodic forcing, it is shown that a nonchaotic attractor (smooth torus or strange nonchaotic attractor) as well as a chaotic attractor is destroyed abruptly through a new type of boundary crisis when it collides with an invariant 'ring-shaped' unstable set which has no counterpart in the unforced case.

Teoria da Regulação e Crise do Fordismo

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Ana Carolina Bottega de Lima

2017-11-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with the crisis of Fordism, based on the theory of crises elaborated by Regulation Theory, also addressing the origins and foundations of this school. In the context of the end of the years of vigorous capitalist growth in the 1970s, the Regulation School emerged as a new stream of economic thought, building an analysis of the process and dynamics of capitalist accumulation. In particular, this school was consolidated in the economic theory from the elaboration of its theory of crisis. Thus, it provided alternative interpretations of the 1970s’ crisis, countering the explanations of traditional economic theory, by considering crisis as an endogenous phenomenon. Starting from this proposition to understand the crisis of Fordism, a theory with broad explanatory potential was found, from whose study a broader understanding of economic phenomena can be obtained.

Is There a Statistical Relationship between Economic Crises and Changes in Government Health Expenditure Growth? An Analysis of Twenty-Four European Countries

Science.gov (United States)

Cylus, Jonathan; Mladovsky, Philipa; McKee, Martin

2012-01-01

Objective To identify whether, by what means, and the extent to which historically, government health care expenditure growth in Europe has changed following economic crises. Data Sources Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Health Data 2011. Study Design Cross-country fixed effects multiple regression analysis is used to determine whether statutory health care expenditure growth in the year after economic crises differs from that which would otherwise be predicted by general economic trends. Better understanding of the mechanisms involved is achieved by distinguishing between policy responses which lead to cost-shifting and all others. Findings In the year after an economic downturn, public health care expenditure grows more slowly than would have been expected given the longer term economic climate. Cost-shifting and other policy responses are both associated with these slowdowns. However, while changes in tax-derived expenditure are associated with both cost-shifting and other policy responses following a crisis, changes in expenditure derived from social insurance have been associated only with changes in cost-shifting. Conclusions Disproportionate cuts to the health sector, as well as reliance on cost-shifting to slow growth in health care expenditure, serve as a warning in terms of potentially negative effects on equity, efficiency, and quality of health services and, potentially, health outcomes following economic crises. PMID:22670771

Nuclear age in the Middle East

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yiftah, S

1976-01-01

The book analyses, clarifies and summarises, from various aspects, some of the many questions concerning the motivation, the meaning, the economics, the dangers and the risks of introducing nuclear technology into the Middle East area following the recent agreements between some Mid Eastern countries and the United States, France, Germany and the U.S.S.R. about the supply of nuclear power reactors and nuclear fuel to the Middle East. The recent strong nuclear prgrams of countries such as India and Iran, who have wide-ranging ties with the Mid-Eastern countries, coupled with the huge revenues of petrodollars by the Arab countries of the area, together with the dangers of another 1973-type oil embargo are discussed and the triple crises of energy, ecology and nuclear weapons proliferation are considered.

The reactions to macro-economic crises in Nordic health system policies: Denmark, Finland and Sweden, 1980-2013.

Science.gov (United States)

Lehto, Juhani; Vrangbæk, Karsten; Winblad, Ulrika

2015-01-01

Denmark, Finland and Sweden have experienced two major recessions during the last 25 years. The adjustments to the earlier crisis in the late 1980s (Denmark) and early 1990s (Finland and Sweden) resembled the policies in many other European countries during the present crisis. The analysis of relationship of deep economic crises and growth period between them to the health system policies and institutions in the three countries from the 1980s to 2013 is based on a categorisation of reactions to external shocks as path conforming or path breaking. The results of the empirical long-term trends show that the reactions to deep recessions have been mainly temporary adjustments and acceleration of changes already prepared before economic crisis. The economic crisis in the three countries has not been 'good enough' to enable paradigmatic changes in the Nordic public, decentralised and equity-oriented health systems. Changes such as the slow privatisation in care funding and production and the adoption of new management practices indicate an ongoing paradigmatic change related to longer-term societal, ideological and political developments rather than directly to economic crises or growth.

Evaluation and management of pediatric hypertensive crises: hypertensive urgency and hypertensive emergencies

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Patel NH

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Nirali H Patel,1 Sarah K Romero,2 David C Kaelber31Division of Emergency Medicine, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA; 2Division of Emergency Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA; 3Departments of Information Services, Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education, The MetroHealth System and School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland OH, USAAbstract: Hypertension (HTN in the pediatric population is estimated to have a world-wide prevalence of 2%-5%. As with adults, pediatric patients with HTN can present with hypertensive crises include hypertensive urgency and hypertensive emergencies. However, pediatric blood pressure problems have a greater chance of being from secondary causes of HTN, as opposed to primary HTN, than in adults. Thorough evaluation of a child with a hypertensive emergency includes accurate blood pressure readings, complete and focused symptom history, and appropriate past medical, surgical, and family history. Physical exam should include height, weight, four-limb blood pressures, a general overall examination and especially detailed cardiovascular and neurological examinations, including fundoscopic examination. Initial work-up should typically include electrocardiography, chest X-ray, serum chemistries, complete blood count, and urinalysis. Initial management of hypertensive emergencies generally includes the use of intravenous or oral antihypertensive medications, as well as appropriate, typically outpatient, follow-up. Emergency department goals for hypertensive crises are to (1 safely lower blood pressure, and (2 treat/minimize acute end organ damage, while (3 identifying underlying etiology. Intravenous antihypertensive medications are the treatment modality of choice for hypertensive emergencies with the goal of reducing systolic blood pressure by 25% of the original value over an 8

O caminho da revisão legal de contas num contexto de crise financeira

OpenAIRE

Claro, Bruno José Duarte Vicente

2013-01-01

Atualmente vive-se num clima de austeridade, tanto ao nível pessoal e familiar, como ao nível das empresas e entidades. No que respeita a estas últimas, este contexto de crise financeira veio trazer novos modelos, objetivos e formas de atuar. Envolvido neste novo paradigma, o revisor oficial de contas na sua função de utilidade pública, assume papel de destaque. Dotados de informação privilegiada pelo conhecimento profundo das entidades e dos mercados onde operam, os revisores oficiais de ...

When Time Freezes: Socio-Anthropological Research on Social Crises

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Sergio Eduardo Visacovsky

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Social and cultural anthropologists have made a unique, relevant and anti-normative contribution to the study of crises. By means of ethnographic fieldwork in specific settings, anthropologists have provided significant information on how social groups try to cope with critical situations in everyday life resorting to different strategies, forms of cooperation or political action. Simultaneously, anthropology has brought to light the role played by cognitive schemata and symbolic resources in making sense of crisis situations, turning them intelligible and developing possible resolutions. Anthropology has carried out important studies on how people experience time, give meaning to and produce plausible images of the future in crisis situations, when time freezes. The main theoretical contributions to the study of crises will be discussed, together with a number of empirical studies among which special attention will be paid to those carried out in Latin America, including my own research on the experiences and responses of the middle class during the 2001 Argentine crisis.   Resumen Los antropólogos sociales y culturales han hecho una contribución única, relevante y anti-normativa a los estudios de crisis. Mediante el trabajo de campo etnográfico en escenarios específicos, los antropólogos han proporcionado información importante sobre cómo los grupos sociales tratan de hacer frente a situaciones críticas en la vida cotidiana por medio de diferentes estrategias, formas de cooperación o acción política. Al mismo tiempo, la antropología ha puesto de manifiesto el papel que desempeñan los esquemas cognitivos y los recursos simbólicos para dar sentido a las situaciones de crisis, tornándolas inteligibles y desarrollando posibles soluciones. La antropología ha llevado a cabo importantes estudios sobre cómo las personas experimentan el tiempo, dan sentido y producen imágenes del futuro plausibles en situaciones de crisis, cuando el

Déficit em transações correntes, movimentos de capital e ataques especulativos: uma abordagem estruturalista das recentes crises cambiais na América Latina

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Marcelo Curado

2004-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é elaborar um modelo teórico sobre o papel dos déficits estruturais em transações correntes e da capacidade limitada de absorção de ativos externos como elementos presentes em crises cambiais de economias emergentes. O modelo terá como refe-rência as recentes crises ocorridas na América Latina, especificamente a crise mexicana de 1994 e brasileira de 1999. Pretende-se, portanto, incorporar ao debate algumas especificidades da região que têm sido negligenciadas, ou incorporadas de forma apenas parcial, pela literatura estabelecida sobre crises cambiais. O modelo deverá ilustrar o argumento de que as causas para os recentes ataques especulativos na região encontram vinculações - além dos aspectos financeiros destacados pela literatura estabelecida - com o grau de competiti-vidade externa da economia e seu grau de desenvolvimento tecnológico.This work aims to develop a theoretical model of the role that structural deficit in current account, as well as a limited capacity of absorption of financial capital, play in exchange rate crisis in developing countries. The model is specifically framed in the light of the experience of exchange rate crisis in Latin America, especially that of Brazil (1999 and Mexico (1994. The model includes key features of the Latin American economies which have been neglected or taken into account only partially in the current literature on external crisis. In particular, it is argued that recent speculative attacks on some Latin American currencies are related - along with the financial aspects usually highlighted by the existing literature - to competitiveness and technological development.

A CRISE ESTRUTURAL DOS JORNAIS Uma exploração comparativa sobre a situação nos EUA e no Brasil

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Carlos Alves Müller

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Os jornais dos principais países desenvolvidos vivem uma crise frequentemente atribuída ao desenvolvimento das mídias digitais. Essa situação parece não se reproduzir nas maiores economias emergentes. O presente trabalho sustenta que, embora o surgimento e avanço dessas mídias tenham efetivamente afetado negativamente o desempenho das empresas jornalísticas, a crise em questão é estrutural e suas origens antecedem o surgimento das mídias digitais. A hipótese de que a situação dos países emergentes seja estruturalmente diversa é testada e, acredita-se, refutada por meio de uma analise comparativa da evolução recente do negócio jornal nos EUA e no Brasil.

A América Latina na crise mundial Latin America in the global crisis

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Paul Singer

2009-01-01

Full Text Available A integração comercial e financeira global fortaleceu a classe capitalista em relação ao proletariado em cada país ao permitir às transnacionais deslocar suas empresas para países em que o custo da mão de obra é menor. A crise colheu a América Latina pela fuga das divisas fortes, extinção do crédito externo e queda das exportações, das inversões estrangeiras e das remessas dos emigrados. A crise se generaliza com as demissões em massa, a difusão do pânico que faz o crédito encolher, derrubando as vendas de bens de maior valor e os investimentos. Os governos do Primeiro Mundo trataram de resgatar os seus bancos falidos, comprando parte do seu capital ou sua totalidade com recursos do Tesouro. No Brasil, o governo faz que os bancos públicos estendam o crédito aos setores abandonados pelos bancos privados e baixem os juros que cobram. Os governos latino-americanos estimulam o mercado interno a absorver a produção que não enontra mais compradores no exterior mediante redistribuição da renda e aumento do investimento público. Nos últimos seis anos, os emergentes cresceram 50%, enquanto os industrializados cresceram apenas 10%, o que ampliou o número de nações cuja coordenação é indispensável para que a crise mundial possa ser domada do G-7 para o G-20. Uma das lições da crise é que, em lugar da globalização financeira, o povo de cada país deve ter o direito de decidir como seu excedente social deve ser administrado. A guarda do dinheiro do público e o seu empréstimo a investidores e consumidores devem ser reservados ao poder público e a entidades associativas sem fins de lucro.Global commercial and financial integration has strengthened the capitalist class in comparison with the proletariat around the globe as it permitted multinationals to relocate their companies to countries in which the cost of the labor force was lower. The crisis reached Latin America through the flight of capital, disappearance of

ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN TIMES OF ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL CRISES, METHODS OF ADAPTATION AND SURVIVAL.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Radu Oprea

2011-12-01

Full Text Available This paper shows the main results of a research activity conducted in the South – East region of Romania during November 2009, over 117 small and medium-sized enterprises. The results help to better explain some of the social problems that have been generated in the region as a snow ball effect, due to the economic and financial crisis. The research has revealed the following:The majority of the employees of the companies that were interviewed do not participate in training courses related to project management and personal development. However, company administrators consider that such courses are useful to increase competitiveness in times of economic and financial crises. Personnel under 40 years of age suffer from a lack of professional training and dedication to job requirements. Companies have expressed an interest in accessing European Union funding. However, they do not have complete information that would allow them to start a project and finalize it. This lack of information is mainly due to lack of access to specialists who would write the projects and submit them. The majority of entrepreneurs consider they cannot write the projects themselves but on the other hand they do not have access to consulting companies or other organizations that could help them. Their main information source is the mass-media.As a result, companies have adjusted to the effects of the economic crisis, diminishing their activity and laying off people, decreasing the running expenses and stopping investing in their development.

Institutional and relational determinants in high- and medium-extent food product crises: the inner perspective of a public health crisis.

Science.gov (United States)

Charlebois, Sylvain; Horan, Hilary

2010-08-01

In 2008, Canada enacted its biggest-ever food recall in response to a Listeria crisis, stemming from a Maple Leaf Foods plant, that killed 22 Canadians. Afterwards, Maple Leaf's market share quickly returned to pre-crisis levels, but the long-term repercussions of the scare still reverberate in Maple Leaf's brand. In this case study, which offers an organizational perspective on the food recall, data was collected, through in-depth interviews of persons involved in the crisis response, and analyzed. The aim of this paper is to make transparent the ways in which Maple Leaf Foods organized their resources to manage the 2008 food recall. Results reveal that institutional and relational determinants are the most important factors in high- and medium-extent food product crises, whereas external and internal effects primarily influence an organization's capacity to cope with severe crises. Based on these findings, a conceptual framework is presented and managerial implications are discussed.

Energy security in the post-Cold War era: Identifying future courses for crises

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Freund, M.T.; Wise, J.A.; Ulibarri, C.A.; Shaw, B.R.; Seely, H.E.; Roop, J.M.

1994-11-01

This paper addresses US energy security in the post-Cold War era for a conference on energy security jointly sponsored by the Department of Energy and the National Defense University. It examines the evolving nature of energy security based on analysis of past crisis-inducing events and-discusses potentially important geopolitical, environmental, regulatory, and economic developments during the next twenty-five years. The paper steps beyond the traditional economic focus of energy security issues to examine the interplay between fundamental economic and technical drivers on the one hand, and political, environmental, and perceptual phenomena, on the other hand, that can combine to create crises where none were expected. The paper expands on the premise that the recent demise of the Soviet Union and other changing world conditions have created a new set of energy dynamics, and that it is imperative that the United States revise its energy security perspective accordingly. It proceeds by reviewing key factors that comprise the concepts of ``energy security`` and ``energy crisis`` and how they may fit into the new world energy security equation. The study also presents a series of crisis scenarios that could develop during the next twenty-five years, paying particular attention to mechanisms and linked crisis causes and responses. It concludes with a discussion of factors that may serve to warn analysts and decision makers of impending future crises conditions. The crisis scenarios contained in this report should be viewed only as a representative sample of the types of situations that could occur. They serve to illustrate the variety of factors that can coalesce to produce a ``crisis.``

Commonalities in liquidity within size-based portfolios: What do we learn from the Asian and Russian financial crises?

OpenAIRE

Petitjean, Mikael; Beaupain, Renaud; Dauginet, Stéphanie

2009-01-01

Using data for 300 stocks listed quoted on the NYSE, we show that commonalities in liquidity within a given portfolio are dependent upon the market capitalization of the stocks that are included in the portfolio. We also show that financial crises have an impact on liquidity co-movements. This impact varies with the market capitalization of the stocks included in the portfolio.

Financial crises as catalysts for regional cooperation? Chances and obstacles for financial integration in ASEAN+3, MERCOSUR and the eurozone

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Krapohl, S.

2015-01-01

This article compares and analyses the different answers from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations+3 (ASEAN+3), Mercado Común del Dur (MERCOSUR) and the eurozone on financial crises in their respective regions. All three regions were hit by economic turmoil between 1997 and 2012, but whereas

The European Union in the grip of accumulated governance crises: the euro, the reform efforts, and the public-support dynamics

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mamadouh, V.D.; van der Wusten, H.H.

2013-01-01

This paper considers how the 2008 banking crisis and the subsequent financial and economic crises - more specifically, the sovereign debt crisis of several European Union (EU) member states and the crisis of the euro, the common currency of the euro zone - affect the political geography of the EU.

Scientists' Perceptions of Communicating During Crises

Science.gov (United States)

Dohaney, J. A.; Hudson-Doyle, E.; Brogt, E.; Wilson, T. M.; Kennedy, B.

2015-12-01

To further our understanding of how to enhance student science and risk communication skills in natural hazards and earth science courses, we conducted a pilot study to assess the different perceptions of expert scientists and risk communication practitioners versus the perceptions of students. These differences will be used to identify expert views on best practice, and improve the teaching of communication skills at the University level. In this pilot study, a perceptions questionnaire was developed and validated. Within this, respondents (geoscientists, engineers, and emergency managers; n=44) were asked to determine their agreement with the use and effectiveness of specific communication strategies (within the first 72 hours after a devastating earthquake) when communicating to the public. In terms of strategies and information to the public, the respondents were mostly in agreement, but there were several statements which elicited large differences between expert responses: 1) the role and purpose of the scientific communication during crises (to persuade people to care, to provide advice, to empower people to take action); 2) the scientist's delivery (showing the scientists emotions and enthusiasm for scientific concepts they are discussing); and 3) the amount of data that is discussed (being comprehensive versus 'only the important' data). The most disagreed upon dimension was related to whether to disclose any political influence on the communication. Additionally, scientists identified that being an effective communicator was an important part of their job, and agreed that it is important to practice these skills. Respondents generally indicated that while scientists should be accountable for the science advice provided, they should not be held liable.

Service failures as organisational crises in business travel: origins and operational strategies as perceived by events professionals

OpenAIRE

Andirin, Cisil; Moital, Miguel; Cardoso, Carla Pinto

2017-01-01

Abstract Justified purpose of the topic: Research on crisis management in the meetings industry only focused on the process of crisis preparedness and the perception of meeting planners towards crises, with little research carried out on the strategies adopted to manage crisis within the meetings industry. Objective: This paper explores crisis management perceptions and practices by meetings professionals from two perspectives: origins of crisis and crisis management strategies. Methodology...

Sowing resilience and contestation in times of crises: the case of urban gardening movements in Barcelona

OpenAIRE

Camps-Calvet, Marta; Langemeyer, Johannes; Calvet-Mir, Laura; Gomez-Baggethun, Erik; March, Hug

2015-01-01

Urban gardens have been observed to multiply in response to crises. However, the meaning and motivations behind the emergence of gardening movements varies greatly over space and time. In this paper we argue that bottom up urban gardening initiatives taking place in Southern European countries in form of land occupation and communalization represent forms of resistance that enhance social cohesion and collective action in times of need. Specifically, this research examines the role of urban g...

Financial gradualism and banking crises in North Africa region: an investigation by a panel logit model

OpenAIRE

KHATTAB, Ahmed; IHADIYAN, Abid

2017-01-01

Abstract. In order to overcome the troubles of the crisis in the seventies, North African countries have adopted financial liberalization policies to enhance their economic growth. Moreover, these policies have affected the stability of their banking systems. The purpose of this study is to test the impact of financial liberalization on the probability of appearance of banking crises which covers a sample of four countries of the North Africa region during the period 1970-2003 by using a pane...

Regional Resilience of the Ural Federal District in Economic Shocks and Crises: Medico-Demographic and Environmental Aspects

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Boris Alengordovich Korobitsyn

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Health, demographic and environmental consequences of 1998 and 2008 economic crises for the Ural Federal District are considered in the paper. Regional resilience is defined as the ability of a regional socio-economic system to withstand, absorb or overcome an internal or external economic shock. The quantitative analysis of regional resilience of the subject entities of the Ural Federal District is based on two interrelated dimensions: resistance, those are the vulnerability or sensitivity of a regional socio-economic system to disturbances and disruptions; and the speed and extend of recovery from such a disruption. Because resilience as a concept captures resistance to the shock and recovery from it, resistance indexes and recovery indexes are used for assessing the impact of regions to recessionary shocks. Three sets of resilience indicators were used: economic, environmental and medico-demographic ones. The main criteria for selecting resilience indicators were their robustness as a measure of the territorial impact of the economic crisis and availability of long time series. Special attention is paid to the question identification of the qualitative and quantitative factors, which form the territorial characteristics enabling some regions to resist, or move out of, economic downturn more effectively than others. Unfortunately, a valid answer to the question why some regions are more able to withstand an economic downturn than others, or are able to recover faster, cannot be given at present. Resilience to an economic shock does not necessarily imply that the economy is otherwise strong and performing well over the longer-term. Regions that experience strong economic growth prior to a shock may appear to be less resilient. Such components of the regional socio-economic system as reserves of natural resources, sectoral structure of regional economy, skills of population, diversified economy and quality of governance do not define uniquely

Marcas de luxo em Portugal: o sucesso em contexto de crise económica

OpenAIRE

Pereira, Filipa Marques Serra

2011-01-01

Mestrado em Marketing “O «Luxury Goods Worldwide Market Study» estima que as vendas globais aumentem 10% este ano, para 191 mil milhões de euros” in Diário Económico 2011/10/23. Portugal não é excepção. Surgem constantemente manchetes de jornais acerca do crescimento de mercado de luxo em contexto de crise. As razões que levam os consumidores a escolherem produtos de luxo são muitas e de diversas dimensões: financeira, funcional, individual e social. Além disso, o luxo hoje em dia pode ...

Memory’s Fragile Power: Crises of Memory, Identity and Narrative in Contemporary British Novels

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Birke, Dorothee

’s fragile power’ (D. Schacter), in a time when identity formation has come to be seen as an especially precarious endeavour. In particular, it shows how the texts, by employing specifically aesthetic strategies, take up, question and even transform notions about memory and identity. By drawing on concepts......Grath – explore a wide range of different ways in which the identity and memory crises of literary characters are represented. A literary-historical dimension is sketched in chapters on two ‘milestones’ in the representation of memory in the British novel: C. Dickens’ David Copperfield and V. Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway...

Diagnóstico e tratamento de epilepsia e crises pseudoepilépticas psicogênicas associadas: relato de caso

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Marchetti Renato Luiz

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 26 anos em que é evidenciada a importância médica do diagnóstico diferencial entre epilepsia e crises pseudo-epilépticas psicogênicas (CPEP e do seu tratamento. A paciente, uma professora desempregada, com crises desde os 13 anos, foi encaminhada ao PROJEPSI para diagnóstico e tratamento de CPEP. Seu diagnóstico inicial foi de epilepsia parcial sintomática por lesão tumoral cística em região occipto-temporal esquerda, associada a CPEP. Submetida a craniotomia occipital com ressecção de processo expansivo em região de istmo do cíngulo, evoluiu com persistência das CPEP. Submetida a tratamento psicológico integrado envolvendo técnicas de condicionamento operante, manejo de ansiedade, sugestão e orientação familiar, houve remissão completa das CPEP após 4 meses de tratamento. O caso apresentado demonstra a necessidade de múltiplos procedimentos diagnósticos e terapêuticos e a participação de equipe multidisciplinar especializada.

The nuclear age in the Middle East

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yiftah, Shimon.

1976-01-01

The book analyses, clarifies and summarises, from various aspects, some of the many questions concerning the motivation, the meaning, the economics, the dangers and the risks of introducing nuclear technology into the Middle East area following the recent agreements between some Mid Eastern countries and the United States, France, Germany and the U.S.S.R. about the supply of nuclear power reactors and nuclear fuel to the Middle East. The recent strong nuclear prgrams of countries such as India and Iran, who have wide-ranging ties with the Mid-Eastern countries, coupled with the huge revenues of petrodollars by the Arab countries of the area, together with the dangers of another 1973-type oil embargo are discussed and the triple crises of energy, ecology and nuclear weapons proliferation are considered. (B.G.)

Entropies of negative incomes, Pareto-distributed loss, and financial crises.

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, Jianbo; Hu, Jing; Mao, Xiang; Zhou, Mi; Gurbaxani, Brian; Lin, Johnny

2011-01-01

Health monitoring of world economy is an important issue, especially in a time of profound economic difficulty world-wide. The most important aspect of health monitoring is to accurately predict economic downturns. To gain insights into how economic crises develop, we present two metrics, positive and negative income entropy and distribution analysis, to analyze the collective "spatial" and temporal dynamics of companies in nine sectors of the world economy over a 19 year period from 1990-2008. These metrics provide accurate predictive skill with a very low false-positive rate in predicting downturns. The new metrics also provide evidence of phase transition-like behavior prior to the onset of recessions. Such a transition occurs when negative pretax incomes prior to or during economic recessions transition from a thin-tailed exponential distribution to the higher entropy Pareto distribution, and develop even heavier tails than those of the positive pretax incomes. These features propagate from the crisis initiating sector of the economy to other sectors.

Cross-border Portfolio Investment Networks and Indicators for Financial Crises

Science.gov (United States)

Joseph, Andreas C.; Joseph, Stephan E.; Chen, Guanrong

2014-02-01

Cross-border equity and long-term debt securities portfolio investment networks are analysed from 2002 to 2012, covering the 2008 global financial crisis. They serve as network-proxies for measuring the robustness of the global financial system and the interdependence of financial markets, respectively. Two early-warning indicators for financial crises are identified: First, the algebraic connectivity of the equity securities network, as a measure for structural robustness, drops close to zero already in 2005, while there is an over-representation of high-degree off-shore financial centres among the countries most-related to this observation, suggesting an investigation of such nodes with respect to the structural stability of the global financial system. Second, using a phenomenological model, the edge density of the debt securities network is found to describe, and even forecast, the proliferation of several over-the-counter-traded financial derivatives, most prominently credit default swaps, enabling one to detect potentially dangerous levels of market interdependence and systemic risk.

Entropies of negative incomes, Pareto-distributed loss, and financial crises.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jianbo Gao

Full Text Available Health monitoring of world economy is an important issue, especially in a time of profound economic difficulty world-wide. The most important aspect of health monitoring is to accurately predict economic downturns. To gain insights into how economic crises develop, we present two metrics, positive and negative income entropy and distribution analysis, to analyze the collective "spatial" and temporal dynamics of companies in nine sectors of the world economy over a 19 year period from 1990-2008. These metrics provide accurate predictive skill with a very low false-positive rate in predicting downturns. The new metrics also provide evidence of phase transition-like behavior prior to the onset of recessions. Such a transition occurs when negative pretax incomes prior to or during economic recessions transition from a thin-tailed exponential distribution to the higher entropy Pareto distribution, and develop even heavier tails than those of the positive pretax incomes. These features propagate from the crisis initiating sector of the economy to other sectors.

A crise Armada Colômbia-Equador no contexto da Guerra contra o Terrorismo Internacional

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TATIANA WAISBERG

2010-10-01

Full Text Available A recente crise armada entre Colômbia e Equador trouxe a América do Sul ao foco da mídia internacional. As FARC representam o maior barril de pólvora da América Latina, além de um determinante ator a ser combatido na luta contra o terrorismo internacional. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo busca analisar, sob o prisma da segurança e do direito internacional o papel das FARC em âmbito global e as maneiras segundo as quais elas são combatidas.

Economic Crises, Maternal and Infant Mortality, Low Birth Weight and Enrollment Rates: Evidence from Argentina’s Downturns

OpenAIRE

Guillermo Cruces; Pablo Glüzman; Luis Felipe López Calva

2011-01-01

This study investigates the impact of recent crises in Argentina (including the severe downturn of 2001-2002) on health and education outcomes. The identification strategy relies on both the inter-temporal and the cross-provincial co-variation between changes in regional GDP and outcomes by province. These results indicate significant and substantial effects of aggregate fluctuations on maternal and infant mortality and low birth weight, with countercyclical though not significant patterns fo...

Health-related quality of life and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in accident and emergency attenders suffering from psychosocial crises: a longitudinal study

Science.gov (United States)

Senneseth, Mette; Alsaker, Kjersti; Natvig, Gerd Karin

2012-01-01

Aims This paper is a report of a study of health-related quality of life and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in patients attending an Accident and Emergency department because of psychosocial crises. Background Psychosocial crises are commonplace globally, but there is little knowledge about patients attending Accident and Emergency departments because of psychosocial crises. Methods Data were collected at an Accident and Emergency department in Norway from September 2008 to June 2009. A total of 99 adults participated in the baseline study and 41 of these participated at 2 months follow-up. The Short Form-36 Health Survey and the Post Traumatic Symptom Scale were used to obtain data. Findings Participants reported significantly lower scores in all health-related quality of life domains at baseline compared with the general Norwegian population. The mental health score was two standard deviations below the norm. Health-related quality of life scores were improved and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms were reduced after 2 months. High levels of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms were reported by 78% of the participants at baseline and 59% at follow-up. Participants with high levels of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms at follow-up also reported low health-related quality of life scores. Conclusion This study suggests a need for an acute psychosocial intervention and an opportunity to receive follow-up support at Accident and Emergency departments. PMID:21740459

Preface : Levels of resentment in the University of the Third Age

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Aleksander Kobylarek

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Resentment has a particular place in the University of the Third Age. Here, the activities of the organization come up against the developing personalities of the elderly and crises of personality, which intensify the phenomenon. Temporary resentment can in unfavourable circumstances escalate into permanent resentment, which is more difficult to alleviate. The task of the manager is to uncover this phenomenon at a relatively early stage, and to take appropriate preventative measures in the form of long-lasting negotiation of tasks and a suitable system of sharing rewards.

A crise tripartite: entre revitalização do multilateralismo e regionalização da questão das FARC

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PABLO P. SAMPEDRO ROMERO

2010-10-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo busca analisar os efeitos da recente crise diplomática sofrida pelos países na sub-região andina, devido às tensões nas relações entre Equador, Colômbia e Venezuela devido ao problema das FARC.

Souffrance existentielle : de la crise à l’hyperquestionnement

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DANIELLE BLONDEAU

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Une étude portant sur l’expérience de la souffrance existentielle a été conduite auprès de personnes atteintes d’une maladie grave. L’un des objectifs visait à explorer ce phénomène à partir d’une approche qualitative qui privilégie l’expérience de personnes atteintes de maladies graves. À l’aide d’entrevues non structurées, 14 personnes ont été rencontrées. L’analyse des résultats a conduit à deux grandes thématiques. La première thématique renvoie à une situation de crise et de bouleversements. Elle se décline en divers effets que provoquent les maladies graves dans l’existence. La seconde thématique est intrinsèque à la première et regroupe des énoncés qui font voir un questionnement excessif qui porte sur plusieurs dimensions de l’existence. Finalement, la souffrance est plutôt comprise comme un passage qu’il faut traverser, comme une quête de connaissances et comme une réalité à habiter et à rendre familière. Elle n’est pas forcément négative.

Preventing food crises using a food policy approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Timmer, C Peter

2010-01-01

A food crisis occurs when rates of hunger and malnutrition rise sharply at local, national, or global levels. This definition distinguishes a food crisis from chronic hunger, although food crises are far more likely among populations already suffering from prolonged hunger and malnutrition. A food crisis is usually set off by a shock to either supply or demand for food and often involves a sudden spike in food prices. It is important to remember that in a market economy, food prices measure the scarcity of food, not its value in any nutritional sense. Except in rare circumstances, the straightforward way to prevent a food crisis is to have rapidly rising labor productivity through economic growth and keep food prices stable while maintaining access by the poor. The formula is easier to state than to implement, especially on a global scale, but it is good to have both the objective, reducing short-run spikes in hunger, and the deep mechanisms, pro-poor economic growth and stable food prices, clearly in mind. A coherent food policy seeks to use these mechanisms, and others, to achieve a sustained reduction in chronic hunger over the long run while preventing spikes in hunger in the short run.

Forecasting of magnitude and duration of currency crises based on the analysis of distortions of fractal scaling in exchange rate fluctuations

Science.gov (United States)

Uritskaya, Olga Y.

2005-05-01

Results of fractal stability analysis of daily exchange rate fluctuations of more than 30 floating currencies for a 10-year period are presented. It is shown for the first time that small- and large-scale dynamical instabilities of national monetary systems correlate with deviations of the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) exponent from the value 1.5 predicted by the efficient market hypothesis. The observed dependence is used for classification of long-term stability of floating exchange rates as well as for revealing various forms of distortion of stable currency dynamics prior to large-scale crises. A normal range of DFA exponents consistent with crisis-free long-term exchange rate fluctuations is determined, and several typical scenarios of unstable currency dynamics with DFA exponents fluctuating beyond the normal range are identified. It is shown that monetary crashes are usually preceded by prolonged periods of abnormal (decreased or increased) DFA exponent, with the after-crash exponent tending to the value 1.5 indicating a more reliable exchange rate dynamics. Statistically significant regression relations (R=0.99, pcurrency crises and the degree of distortion of monofractal patterns of exchange rate dynamics are found. It is demonstrated that the parameters of these relations characterizing small- and large-scale crises are nearly equal, which implies a common instability mechanism underlying these events. The obtained dependences have been used as a basic ingredient of a forecasting technique which provided correct in-sample predictions of monetary crisis magnitude and duration over various time scales. The developed technique can be recommended for real-time monitoring of dynamical stability of floating exchange rate systems and creating advanced early-warning-system models for currency crisis prevention.

Investments in the Brazilian electric sector and the financial crisis; Investimentos no setor eletrico brasileiro e a crise financeira mundial

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vela, Jorge Alberto Alcala [Centrais Eletricas Brasileiras (ELETROBRAS), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Gestao de Ativos no Exterior; Oliveira, Andre Luis Cantuaria Cardoso [Centrais Eletricas Brasileiras (ELETROBRAS), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Financas e Investimentos

2010-07-01

The electricity sector in addition to being a public utility, requires a substantial investment, explore natural resources and the basis of all production chains and consumption of our society. The dynamics of this sector goes beyond the individual performance of energy companies and will also interfere in matters of political, economic, social and environmental development of nations. The lack of sophistication and low level of development in credit derivatives financial systems in Brazil, both as a healthy situation of the accounts and balance sheets, the fruit of bitter experience in past crises are allowing a better resistance to weather the current crisis. But it is an important trading partner of Brazil, through various business financial economic crises that is affecting the U.S. economy and the world has also affected the economy of our country, but with less intensity. The econometric model used to study the investment to be initiated in 2010 by ELETROBRAS meets a correlation acceptable; this demonstrates that a well dependence exists between power and investment to the projects to be implemented. (author)

Relationships between magnetic susceptibility of limestones and sea level change ("direct relationship and major crises on the Earth")

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Hladil, Jindřich; Slavík, Ladislav; Koptíková, Leona; Schnabl, Petr; Vacek, F.; Bábek, O.; Geršl, M.

2008-01-01

Roč. 34, 4/6 (2008), s. 1343596-1343596 ISSN 0161-6951. [International Geological Congress /33./. 06.08.2008-14.08.2008, Oslo] R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA300130702; GA AV ČR(CZ) KJB300130613; GA AV ČR KJB307020602 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z30130516 Keywords : magnetic suceptibility * limestone * impurity * ocean-atmosperic circulation * past global crises Subject RIV: DB - Geology ; Mineralogy

THE PRESENT GLOBAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AFTER CRISES AND LOCAL AND REGIONAL CONFLICTS

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Ionel–Lucian SANDU

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The actual article is intended to underline the way in which crises and local and regional conflicts nowadays influence the global economic development The dependence of the small states on the actions of the more developed countries, the economic growth accelerated by the scientific-technological developments and the attitude of the geopolitical actors on global context, describe in detail the ideas extracted from the theme of this article. The economic development is necessary, convenient and unavoidable, the main problems appearing when the main raw materials and essential resources for human survival must be insured. The present international relations and the ways in which political-diplomatic differences are solved, support the need of existence and involvement of some organizations and unbiased pacifist forums wherever societies have differences of opinions.

Prediction of financial crises by means of rough sets and decision trees

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zuleyka Díaz-Martínez

2011-03-01

Full Text Available This paper tries to further investigate the factors behind a financial crisis. By using a large sample of countries in the period 1981 to 1999, it intends to apply two methods coming from the Artificial Intelligence (Rough Sets theory and C4.5 algorithm and analyze the role of a set of macroeconomic and financial variables in explaining banking crises. These variables are both quantitative and qualitative. These methods do not require variables or data used to satisfy any assumptions. Statistical methods traditionally employed call for the explicative variables to satisfy statistical assumptions which is quite difficult to happen. This fact complicates the analysis. We obtained good results based on the classification accuracies (80% of correctly classified countries from an independent sample, which proves the suitability of both methods.

Population crises and population cycles.

Science.gov (United States)

Russell, C; Russell, W M

2000-01-01

To prevent a population irretrievably depleting its resources, mammals have evolved a behavioural and physiological response to population crisis. When a mammalian population becomes dangerously dense, there is a reversal of behaviour. Co-operation and parental behaviour are replaced by competition, dominance and aggressive violence, leading to high mortality, especially of females and young, and a reduced population. The stress of overpopulation and the resulting violence impairs both the immune and the reproductive systems. Hence epidemics complete the crash of the population, and reproduction is slowed for three or four generations, giving the resources ample time to recover. In some mammal species, crisis and crisis response recur regularly, leading to cycles of population growth and relapse, oscillating about a fixed mean. Population crisis response and population cycles have been equally prominent in the history of human societies. But in man successive advances in food production have made possible growing populations, though with every such advance population soon outgrew resources again. Hence human cycles have been superimposed on a rising curve, producing a saw-tooth graph. Because advances in food production amounted to sudden disturbances in the relations between human populations and their environments, the crisis response in man has failed to avert famine and resource damage. In the large human societies evolved since the coming of settled agriculture and cities, the basic effects of violence, epidemics, famine and resource damage have been mediated by such specifically human disasters as inflation, unemployment, and political tyranny. An account of past crises, periods of relative relief from population pressure, and resulting cycles, is given for a number of regions: China, North Africa and Western Asia, the northern Mediterranean, and north-western Europe. The paper ends with an account of the present world-wide population crisis, and the solution

Prokaryotic communities in pit mud from different-aged cellars used for the production of Chinese strong-flavored liquor.

Science.gov (United States)

Tao, Yong; Li, Jiabao; Rui, Junpeng; Xu, Zhancheng; Zhou, Yan; Hu, Xiaohong; Wang, Xiang; Liu, Menghua; Li, Daping; Li, Xiangzhen

2014-04-01

Chinese strong-flavored liquor (CSFL) accounts for more than 70% of all Chinese liquor production. Microbes in pit mud play key roles in the fermentation cellar for the CSFL production. However, microbial diversity, community structure, and cellar-age-related changes in pit mud are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the prokaryotic community structure and diversity in pit-mud samples with different cellar ages (1, 10, 25, and 50 years) using the pyrosequencing technique. Results indicated that prokaryotic diversity increased with cellar age until the age reached 25 years and that prokaryotic community structure changed significantly between three cellar ages (1, 10, and 25 years). Significant correlations between prokaryotic communities and environmental variables (pH, NH4(+), lactic acid, butyric acid, and caproic acid) were observed. Overall, our study results suggested that the long-term brewing operation shapes unique prokaryotic community structure and diversity as well as pit-mud chemistry. We have proposed a three-phase model to characterize the changes of pit-mud prokaryotic communities. (i) Phase I is an initial domestication period. Pit mud is characterized by abundant Lactobacillus and high lactic acid and low pH levels. (ii) Phase II is a transition period. While Lactobacillus abundance decreases dramatically, that of Bacteroidetes and methanogens increases. (iii) Phase III is a relative mature period. The prokaryotic community shows the highest diversity and capability to produce more caproic acid as a precursor for synthesis of ethyl caproate, the main flavor component in CSFL. This research provides scientific evidence to support the practical experience that old fermentation cellars produce high-quality liquor.

A crise internacional desafia o modelo brasileiro de abertura e liberalização The international crisis challenges the Brazilian model of economic opening and liberalization

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Carlos Eduardo Carvalho

2009-01-01

Full Text Available É surpreendente a resistência da economia brasileira à crise internacional nos primeiros meses de 2009. A queda da produção e dos investimentos foi intensa, mas não houve crise cambial, nem crise fiscal ou abalos no sistema financeiro. O governo conseguiu adotar medidas anticíclicas, com corte de impostos e redução dos juros, favorecido pela arrecadação fiscal elevada e pelo fortalecimento dos bancos, depois de anos de juros elevados, além de dispor dos bancos públicos e dos fundos públicos, instrumentos poderosos herdados do passado. No lado externo, a entrada de capitais é estimulada pela ampla liquidez gerada pelas políticas de expansão monetária dos Estados Unidos, enquanto as exportações refletem a sustentação da demanda chinesa, com forte aumento da participação de produtos primários e redução das vendas de produtos industrializados. A capacidade de reagir à crise é um grande teste para o modelo brasileiro de abertura e liberalização, da mesma forma que as dificuldades para sustentar as exportações de industrializados e para a recuperação dos investimentos e da atividade produtiva são também desafios consideráveis.Reviewing the first months of 2009, it's surprising to see the Brazilian economy resistance over the international crisis. The decline on production and investment were intense, however, there has not been neither a foreign exchange crisis nor fiscal and financial system breakthrough. The government could apply anti-cyclic policies, as tax cuts and interest reduction, helped by the actual large extend of tax collection and banks strength, after years of high interest rates, besides using the public banks and the public funds, valuable legacy instruments. Regarding the external side, the capital inflow is stimulated by the wider liquidity generate by the US recent monetary expansion policy, while the exports are due to China demand maintenance, with significant increase in basic commodities

Sowing Resilience and Contestation in Times of Crises: The Case of Urban Gardening Movements in Barcelona

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Marta Camps-Calvet

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Urban gardens have been observed to multiply in response to crises. However, the meaning and motivations behind the emergence of gardening movements varies greatly over space and time. In this paper we argue that bottom up urban gardening initiatives taking place in Southern European countries in form of land occupation and communalization represent forms of resistance that enhance social cohesion and collective action in times of need. Specifically, this research examines the role of urban gardens in (i building community resilience and (ii articulating forms of resistance and contestation to development pressure and commodified urban lifestyles. Our research is based on data collected among 27 urban gardening initiatives in Barcelona, Spain, including 13 self-governed community gardens and 14 public gardens. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews with gardeners and with staff from the Barcelona City Council. Our results show mechanisms through which urban gardens can contribute to build resilience by nurturing social and ecological diversity, generating and transmitting local ecological knowledge, and by creating opportunities for collective action and self-organization. We further examine collectively managed gardens as urban commons that emerge as a form of resistance to the privatization of public urban space, and that offer opportunities to experiment with new models of urban lifestyles. We show how gardening initiatives can be seen to represent an emerging form of urban green commons that provides a suitable ground to ‘sow’ resilience and contestation in times of crises and socio-ecological deterioration.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Social Media Crises - How to ride off a CSR-related shitstorm

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Agerdal-Hjermind, Annette; Schmeltz, Line

, and the case of the Norwegian chocolate brand Freia is used to illustrate how CSR-related issues are particularly vulnerable and thus potentially responsible for creating a social media crisis. The case furthermore serves to illustrate the importance of social media readiness, responsiveness and not least......This paper aims to explore and offer insights into the phenomenon of social media crises in a CSR-related context by reflexively merging theoretical and case insights (Alvesson & Kärreman, 2007, p. 2011). The phenomenon and the components of a social media crisis are theoretically identified...... strategy and communicative skills during a CSR-related social media crisis....

[Clinico-statistical analysis of arterial hypertension complicated with hypertensive crisis in Moscow in 2005-2009].

Science.gov (United States)

Gaponova, N I; Plavunov, N F; Tereshchenko, S N; Baratashvili, V L; Abdurakhmanov, V R; Komissarenko, I A; Filippov, D V; Podkopaev, D V

2011-01-01

Clinicostatistical analysis of arterial hypertension complicated with hypertensive crisis using data of Moscow A.S.Puchkov Station of Urgent and Emergent Medical Aid revealed 14% rise in number of hypertensive crises during the period from 2005 to 2009. Number of hypertensive crises increased among persons of young age (18-35 years). Frequency of cerebrovascular complications of hypertensive crises was age dependent with maximal values among men aged 36-74 years and women older than 75 years.

A RESEARCH THRU A LOGISTIC PERSPECTIVE REGARDING THE MANAGEMENT OF IMAGE-CRISES OF PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS FROM ROMANIA

OpenAIRE

Antoniu Ovidiu BALINT

2015-01-01

Image Crises are explained by the specialists in this field of study as a process of damaging an organization's / institution’s reputation through loss of public confidence in the products and / or services provided to the targeted public / consumers. The main reason why we chose this topic, for this paper, is to find out how image crisis can affect public institutions in Romania at national (central) and local (regional) level. Based on the studies we conducted in several public institutions...

A crise do jornalismo: ecos e silêncios nas práticas e nas narrativas

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Christa Liselote Berger Ramos Kuschick

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Pesquisadores e jornalistas dedicam-se a compreender que tensionamentos abalam o sistema de produção de sentido que até então ostentava certa hegemonia como discurso que representa um presente social de referência (GOMIS, 1999. Este artigo reflete sobre o modo como a crise do jornalismo tem aparecido nos discursos e nas práticas da própria imprensa. A suspeita inicial é a de que a crise configura-se em acontecimento silenciado pela mídia hegemônica. Por outro lado, inevitavelmente ela transparece também nas práticas jornalísticas, uma vez que tem atingido de forma intensa a estrutura de funcionamento das redações. Além disso, tem provocado os jornalistas a reverem suas competências e o campo a transformar - de certo modo - seus pressupostos e modos de fazer. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: crise do jornalismo; práticas; hegemonia; futuro do jornalismo.    ABSTRACT Researchers and journalists are dedicated to understand the tensions that shake the production system of journalism, which has had certain hegemony as social reference speech  (GOMIS, 1999. This article reflects on how the crisis journalism has appeared in speeches and in the press itself practices. The initial suspicion is that the crisis sets in muted event by the mainstream media. Moreover, it inevitably also transpires in newspaper practice, once it has reached the working structure of essays. It has caused journalists to review their skills and transform the field - in a way - their assumptions and ways of doing. KEYWORDS: journalism crisis; practices; hegemony; future of journalism.   RESUMEN Los investigadores y periodistas se dedican a entender las tensiones que sacuden el sistema de producción de sentidos del periodismo que hasta ahora se jactó cierta hegemonia. En este artículo se reflexiona sobre cómo ha aparecido la crisis del periodismo en los discursos y en las prácticas de la prensa. La sospecha inicial es que la crisis ha sido silenciada por los grandes

Policies and institutions for moderating deep recessions, debt crises and financial instabilities

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O’Hara Phillip Anthony

2013-01-01

Full Text Available This paper outlines a long-term policy and institutional framework for reducing the intensity of recessions, debt crises and financial instabilities, especially for the Core nations and areas that bore the brunt of the anomalies during 2008-2013. We argue that institutional changes need to be systemic, amounting to the construction of a new social structure of accumulation (SSA or mode of regulation (MOR, which we call an SSA of embedded communitarian liberalism. Five institutional spheres are introduced which are in need of systemic change, due to the entrenched contradictions and problems which the current set of institutions generate. These involve firstly institutions within the world-system of finance and production; secondly relating to finance versus industry; thirdly capital versus labor; fourthly state systems of production; and fifthly the interlinking of state, community and ecology.

TYPICAL BANKING CRISES INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM

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Ion Gr. IONESCU

2014-06-01

Full Text Available International financial environment is characterized as consisting of free trade and especially from the free movement of the capital on the financial markets, so very favourable, which also led to the rapid development of global financial markets. We lack the ability to keep the peace (silence for to counter the excesses of the financial markets. Without this ability, the global economy is exposed to the collapse. Financial capital enjoys a privileged position. He is more mobile than other factors of production and even more mobile than direct investment. Yet crises must be overcome. To support the arguments of this paper, we use a flexible methodology, starting from simple to complex, from theoretical to practical, from principle, to particularly, adding, specialty practice examples, from the international sphere, convinced that work-international banking must be healthy, able to generate profitable and dynamic business environments, safe for entrepreneurs and bankers, but also ordinary people.

Sobre a "crise" do estado de bem-estar: retração, transformação fáustica ou o quê?

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Celia Lessa Kerstenetzky

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Depuis presque quarante années, on annonce une crise de l'Etat Providence envisageant son retrait ou même sa fin proche. Dans cet article on examine cette proposition à partir d'une définition opérationnelle de l'Etat Providence, de significations attribuées à sa crise et de la réunion des preuves dont on dispose, pour conclure que, tandis que des scénarios de retrait et de fin proche peuvent être écartés, d'autres dangers tels que la privatisation des politiques sociales, semblent plus menaçants. On suggère, pour conclure, que l'étendue de ces dangers visant une négociation de l'âme de l'Etat Providence doit être évaluée non seulement selon des critères économiques et financiers, mais aussi par des considérations normatives.

Estudo de fatores clínicos preditivos para crises epilépticas após acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico Preditive clinical factors for epileptic seizures after ischemic stroke

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Marcia Maiumi Fukujima

1996-06-01

Full Text Available Apresentamos aspectos clínicos de 35 pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico que evoluíram com crises epilépticas (Grupo 1, comparando-os a 35 pacientes com AVCI sem crises epilépticas (Grupo 2. A comparação das idades entre os grupos não mostrou diferença significante. O sexo masculino e a raça branca predominaram em ambos os grupos. Diabetes melito, hipertensão arterial, ataque isquêmico transitório, acidente vascular cerebral pregresso, enxaqueca, doença de Chagas, embolia cerebral cardiogênica e uso de anticoncepcional oral não diferiram significantemente entre os grupos. Tabagismo e etilismo foram significantemente mais freqüentes no Grupo 1 (pPreditive clinical factors for epileptic seizures after ischemic stroke. Clinical features of 35 patients with ischemic stroke who developed epilepsy (Group 1 were compared with those of 35 patients with ischemic stroke without epilepsy (Group 2. The age of the patients did not differ between the groups. There were more men than women and more white than other races in both groups. Diabetes melitus, hypertension, transient ischemic attack, previous stroke, migraine, Chagas disease, cerebral embolism of cardiac origin and use of oral contraceptive did not differ between the groups. Smokers and alcohol users were more frequent in Group 1 (p<0,05. Most patients of Group 1 presented with hemiparesis; none presented cerebellar or brainstem involvement. Perhaps strokes in smokers have some different aspects, that let them more epileptogenic than in non smokers.

Crisi economiche e mercati finanziari: è di aiuto un nuovo ordine finanziario? (Economic Crises and Financial Markets: Will a New Financial Order Be Helpful?

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Mario Sarcinelli

2003-12-01

Full Text Available The financial market crises in Japan and the United States due to bubbles and the exchange rate, banking and sometimes foreign debt crises that affected in past years South-East Asia, Russia, Brazil, Argentina, and Turkey made for a brief evaluation of the adequacy of national and international governance mechanisms for preventing and solving them. The widespread dissatisfaction they raise was instrumental in examining whether a larger recourse to finance and risk management is better than macroeconomic management and/or regulation. The types of contract sponsored by Robert J. Shiller in The New Financial Order: Risk in the 21st century have been scrutinised to see whether they offer a better chance to stabilise individual or national income. Even where such an outcome can be secured without aggravating moral hazard, the costs in terms of personal freedom and privacy seem to be particularly high.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Social Media Crises - How to ride off a CSR-related shitstorm

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schmeltz, Line; Agerdal-Hjermind, Annette

This paper aims to explore and offer insights into the phenomenon of social media crises in a CSR-related context by reflexively merging theoretical and case insights (Alvesson & Kärreman, 2007, p. 2011). The phenomenon and the components of a social media crisis are theoretically identified, and...... strategy and communicative skills during a CSR-related social media crisis......., and the case of the Norwegian chocolate brand Freia is used to illustrate how CSR-related issues are particularly vulnerable and thus potentially responsible for creating a social media crisis. The case furthermore serves to illustrate the importance of social media readiness, responsiveness and not least...

Intervenção nas situações de crise psíquica: dificuldades e sugestões de uma equipe de atenção pré-hospitalar

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Alexsandro Barreto Almeida

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa, que objetivou conhecer como os profissionais de atenção pré-hospitalar percebem as intervenções nas pessoas em crise psíquica. O estudo foi realizado, no estado de Santa Catarina, com quatro equipes das Unidades de Suporte Básico do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência, mediante entrevista, no período de abril a junho de 2011. Utilizou-se como método de análise o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Dos resultados emergiram dois temas: Percepção das dificuldades no atendimento à pessoa em crise psíquica e Sugestões na busca por um atendimento mais próximo do desejado à pessoa em crise psíquica. As dificuldades apontadas se relacionam à falta de capacitação e de um local para encaminhamento e sugerem treinamento e sistematização do atendimento. Conclui-se que se faz necessário investir em processo de formação pautado em novas estratégias de cuidado norteadas pelos princípios do SUS e no paradigma psicossocial, além de rediscutir a estratégia de protocolos como sistemas norteadores e não padronizadores.

Impulse oscillometry at preschool age is a strong predictor of lung function by flow-volume spirometry in adolescence.

Science.gov (United States)

Lauhkonen, Eero; Riikonen, Riikka; Törmänen, Sari; Koponen, Petri; Nuolivirta, Kirsi; Helminen, Merja; Toikka, Jyri; Korppi, Matti

2018-05-01

The transition from early childhood wheezing to persistent asthma is linked to lung function impairment over time. Little is known how the methods used to study lung function at different ages correlate longitudinally. Sixty-four children with a history of hospitalization for bronchiolitis before 6 months of age were prospectively studied with impulse oscillometry (IOS) at the mean age of 6.3 years and these preschool IOS results were compared with flow-volume spirometry (FVS) measurements at mean age of 11.4 years. The baseline respiratory system resistance at 5 Hz (Rrs5) showed a modest statistically significant correlation with all baseline FVS parameters except FVC. The post-bronchodilator (post-BD) Rrs5 showed a modest statistically significant correlation with post-BD FEV 1 and FEV 1 /FVC. The bronchodilator-induced decrease in Rrs5 showed a modest statistically significant correlation with the percent increase in FEV 1 . Baseline and post-BD respiratory reactance at 5 Hz (Xrs5) showed a modest statistically significant correlation with baseline and post-BD FVS parameters except post-BD FEV 1 /FVC, respectively, and post-BD Xrs5 showed a strong correlation with post-BD FVC (ρ = 0.61) and post-BD FEV 1 (ρ = 0.59). In adjusted linear regression, preschool Xrs5 remained as a statistically significant independent predictor of FVS parameters in adolescence; the one-unit decrease in the Z-score of preschool post-BD Xrs5 predicted 9.6% lower post-BD FEV 1 , 9.3% lower post-BD FVC, and 9.7% lower post-BD MEF 50 when expressed as %-predicted parameters. Persistent post-BD small airway impairment in children with a history of bronchiolitis detected with IOS at preschool age predicted FVS results measured in early adolescence. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A política monetária e a crise financeira: podem os Bancos Centrais se antecipar?

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Marcelo Milan

Full Text Available Resumo Este trabalho investiga o comportamento dos bancos centrais (BCs dos EUA e do Brasil frente à recente crise financeira global. O artigo avalia a atuação das autoridades monetárias por meio de uma leitura sistemática das atas dos respectivos comitês de política monetária entre 2004 e 2011. Procura também identificar conceitos necessários para uma correta leitura e reconhecimento da conjuntura macroeconômica e logo uma possível antecipação ou reação adequada à eclosão da crise. Em ambos os casos os BCs não parecem ter sido capazes de diagnosticar corretamente a evolução da conjuntura macroeconômica, principalmente em termos de detectar a bolha no setor imobiliário dos EUA e se antecipar ao estouro da mesma quando esta adquiriu proporções preocupantes. Quando os mercados financeiros entraram em pânico, os BCs tiveram de reagir pragmaticamente de reagir, mas de forma desorganizada, emergencial e, possivelmente, despreparada, em função da complexidade dos sistemas monetário e financeiro e provavelmente dos respectivos interesses financeiros envolvidos. Finalmente, argumenta-se também que parte desta incapacidade de antecipação pode derivar, entre outros, dos modelos macroeconômicos convencionais empregados pelos BCs e de uma confiança absoluta na hipótese dos mercados eficientes.

Management of Mental Health Crises Among Youths With and Without ASD: A National Survey of Child Psychiatrists.

Science.gov (United States)

Kalb, Luther G; Stuart, Elizabeth A; Mandell, David S; Olfson, Mark; Vasa, Roma A

2017-10-01

This study compared management by child psychiatrists of mental health crises among youths with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A custom online mental health crisis services survey was administered to members of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. The survey probed three domains of crisis management: willingness to work with youths with a history of mental health crisis, comfort level in managing a mental health crisis, and availability of external resources during a crisis. Child psychiatrists reporting on management of youths with ASD (N=492) and without ASD (N=374) completed the survey. About 75% of psychiatrists in both groups were willing to accept a child with a history of a mental health crisis in their practice. During a crisis, psychiatrists caring for youths with ASD had less access to external consultation resources, such as a crisis evaluation center or other mental health professionals, compared with those caring for youths without ASD. Psychiatrists also expressed concerns about the ability of emergency department professionals and emergency responders to manage mental health crises among youths in a safe and developmentally appropriate manner, particularly among those with ASD. Child psychiatrists are in need of more external resources to manage youths with ASD who are experiencing a mental health crisis. There is also a need to develop best practice procedures for emergency responders who are working with youths experiencing a mental health crisis.

"Peer2Peer" - A university program for knowledge transfer and consultation in dealing with psychosocial crises in med-school and medical career.

Science.gov (United States)

Vajda, Christian

2016-01-01

Medical students are exposed to various psychosocial problems and challenges. Specific consultations services and programs can support them. "Peer2Peer" is such a consultation program and was implemented at the Medical University of Graz. It focusses on crisis intervention, psychosocial stress management, junior mentoring as well as student education in this field. Besides, it also offers student tutors of the program practical skills trainings. The program was restructured in winter term 2014/15. On the one hand, "Peer2Peer" gives insights into topics such as the current state of research concerning the students' psychological strain and psychosocial crises in acutely stressful situations and preventive approaches for coping with these kinds of situations on the other hand. These aspects are taught by means of elective courses, lectures and workshops. Furthermore, "Peer2Peer" provides consultation services by student tutors who give face-to-face advice if required. These tutors receive ongoing training in organizational and professional issues. Since the summer term of 2015, 119 students have been trained (via lectures and elective courses), while 61 contacts (short consultation) and 33 contacts (full consultation) have been supervisied. In total, two psychotherapeutic and one psychosocial follow ups were recommended. There are seven students who participate as tutors in the program. The "Peer2Peer" program is intended to enable a low-threshold access for medical students facing psychosocial crises situations and to help them in dealing with stress and learning problems. An increase in support contacts from the summer term of 2015 to the winter term of 2015/16 can be considered a success. A first evaluation of the different components of the program started in the winter semester of 2015/16. The student tutors have not only acquired practical skills in dealing with students in crises situations but also various organizational skills.

Características da clientela atendida por crise hipertensiva na emergência de um hospital municipal de Fortaleza, Estado do Ceará = Characteristics of the clientele assisted for hypertensive crisis in the emergency of a municipal hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará State

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Ione Cavalcante Lacerda

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se descrever as características da clientela com crise hipertensiva. A pesquisa, quantitativa, descritiva e documental foi realizada em um hospital municipal de Fortaleza, Estado do Ceará em 2006. Na análise de 790 fichas de atendimento, observamos que 48,2% dos pacientes que apresentavam crise hipertensiva, encontravam-se na faixa etária de 40 a 59 anos e a maioria dos indivíduos era de casados (57,5%. Os principais sintomas encontrados foram cefaleia (35,7% e dor precordial (12.3% e, em 36,8% das fichas, não houve registro de sinais e sintomas. As medicações mais prescritas foram o captopril (90,6% e furosemida (53%. Conclui-se que a crise hipertensiva acomete muitos adultos, a maioria casados e que geralmente vão à emergência para fazer avaliação clínica de algum sinal/sintoma. Ressalta-se a necessidade de se alertar os profissionais de saúde quanto à importância do registro para conhecimento e compreensão das características dessa clientela para o controle e a prevenção da crise hipertensiva.The objective was to describe the characteristics of the clientele with hypertensive crisis. The research, which was quantitative, descriptive and documentary, was conducted at a municipal hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará Estate in 2006. In the analysis of 790 patient files, we found that 48.2% of patients presenting hypertensive crisis were in the age group between 40 and 59 years old. Most of the individuals were married (57.5%. The main symptoms were headache (35.7% and chest pain (12.3%, and in 36.8% of files there was no record of signs and symptoms. The most prescribed medications were captopril (90.6% and furosemide (53%. We conclude that hypertensive crisis affects many adults, most married and who usually go to the emergency room for clinical evaluation of a sign/symptom. We emphasize the need to alert health professionals about the importance of records for knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of that

Cadmium body burden and increased blood pressure in middle-aged American Indians: the Strong Heart Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Franceschini, N; Fry, R C; Balakrishnan, P; Navas-Acien, A; Oliver-Williams, C; Howard, A G; Cole, S A; Haack, K; Lange, E M; Howard, B V; Best, L G; Francesconi, K A; Goessler, W; Umans, J G; Tellez-Plaza, M

2017-03-01

Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant that has been associated with cardiovascular disease in populations, but the relationship of Cd with hypertension has been inconsistent. We studied the association between urinary Cd concentrations, a measure of total body burden, and blood pressure in American Indians, a US population with above national average Cd burden. Urinary Cd was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and adjusted for urinary creatinine concentration. Among 3714 middle-aged American Indian participants of the Strong Heart Study (mean age 56 years, 41% male, 67% ever-smokers, 23% taking antihypertensive medications), urinary Cd ranged from 0.01 to 78.48 μg g -1 creatinine (geometric mean=0.94 μg g -1 ) and it was correlated with smoking pack-year among ever-smokers (r 2 =0.16, Pyears), and urinary Cd was similarly elevated in light- and never-smokers (geometric means of 0.88 μg g -1 creatinine for both categories). Log-transformed urinary Cd was significantly associated with higher systolic blood pressure in models adjusted for age, sex, geographic area, body mass index, smoking (ever vs never, and cumulative pack-years) and kidney function (mean blood pressure difference by lnCd concentration (β)=1.64, P=0.002). These associations were present among light- and never-smokers (β=2.03, P=0.002, n=2627), although not significant among never-smokers (β=1.22, P=0.18, n=1260). Cd was also associated with diastolic blood pressure among light- and never-smokers (β=0.94, P=0.004). These findings suggest that there is a relationship between Cd body burden and increased blood pressure in American Indians, a population with increased cardiovascular disease risk.

Les configurations de l'espace économique et la crise politique en Belgique

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Christian Vandermotten

2011-04-01

Full Text Available L'inscription de la Belgique dans un processus continu de fédéralisation dissociative ne peut se comprendre qu'à travers une analyse des structures économiques du pays, à la fois sur les temps longs et dans le présent. L'idéologie identitaire qui domine en Flandre s'est développée en réaction à la crise séculaire de l'économie flamande entre le milieu du xixe siècle et l'entre-deux-guerres, ainsi qu'à l'arrogance francophone de la bourgeoisie nationale, mais aussi de celle des villes flamandes à l'époque. La crise de l'économie wallonne après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, similaire à celle de bien d'autres bassins d'ancienne industrialisation charbonnière et métallurgique, alors que la Région flamande connaissait un essor industriel, a généré dans le Nord du pays le sentiment que le Sud du pays devenait un fardeau pour son développement. Malgré le partage très majoritaire de l'usage du français, la Wallonie ouvrière a mis longtemps avant de prendre conscience de l'importance d'une solidarité économique (et politique avec Bruxelles, perçue comme « la ville des capitalistes ». En revanche, la Flandre considère Bruxelles comme sa capitale mais a peu d'empathie pour une ville francophone et cosmopolite. Toutefois, dans le cadre de la globalisation, Bruxelles apparaît comme le moteur de l'économie belge tertiarisée, ce qui en fait à la fois une pomme de discorde dans la vie politique belge, mais peut-être aussi un ciment pour le maintien d'une Belgique, dont les compétences qui resteront fédérales s'affaibliront en tout état de cause.Belgium's political evolution is part of a process of dissociative federalization. This can only be understood with reference to the country’s economic structures and their long-term trend. The community ideology prevailing in Flanders was developed as a reaction to the secular crisis of the Flemish economy, from the mid-19th Century to the inter-war, and to the arrogance

Myasthenic crisis: report of 24 cases Crise miastênica: relato de 24 casos

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Lineu Cesar Werneck

2002-09-01

Full Text Available Myasthenic crisis (MC is a life-threatening complication of myasthenia gravis (MG with a high mortality rate. The aim of our study was to review the different therapeutics approaches in the treatment of MC and their impact in the final outcome. We reviewed the medical files of patients diagnosed with MG admitted between February 1993 and October 1997, who developed MC. Sex, mean age, disease's duration, functional scale, symptoms preceding the crisis, crisis therapy in each set and mortality were then analysed. There were 24 patients who developed MC, 21 females and 3 males, with 1 neonatal, 1 congenital sporadic, 17 juvenile/adult, 3 over 50 years and 2 with thymoma. Dysphagia, dysphonia and dysartria were the most common symptoms preceding the crisis. A precipitating factor was elicited in 8 cases and the most common was infection (upper airway infection, urinary tract infection and pneumonia. 16 patients needed a nasogastric tube and 9 had a tracheostomy performed. 24 patients used anticholinesterase drugs, 21 prednisone, 7 immunosuppressive agents, 5 plasmapheresis, 3 human hyperimune gamma immunoglobulin and 12 had thymectomy. A good response was obtained in 13, satisfactory in 7 and there were 4 deaths. We concluded that in spite of all the therapeutics options, there were non statistically significant differences in the outcome of patients that underwent thymectomy and those who did not.A crise miastênica (CM é uma complicação preocupante da miastenia grave (MG que apresenta altos índices de mortalidade. Neste estudo revisamos as diferentes abordagens no tratamento da CM e seu impacto no resultado final. Levantamos os dados dos pacientes com MG que desenvolveram CM admitidos entre fevereiro de 1993 e outubro de 1997. Foram analisados as interrelações do sexo, idade media, duração da doença, escala funcional, sintomas e procedimentos precedendo as crises, terapêutica empregada e mortalidade. Foram encontrados 24 casos que

Crisi economiche e mercati finanziari: è di aiuto un nuovo ordine finanziario? (Economic Crises and Financial Markets: Will a New Financial Order Be Helpful?

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Mario Sarcinelli

2012-04-01

Full Text Available The financial market crises in Japan and the United States due to bubbles and the exchange rate, banking and sometimes foreign debt crises that affected in past years South-East Asia, Russia, Brazil, Argentina, and Turkey made for a brief evaluation of the adequacy of national and international governance mechanisms for preventing and solving them. The widespread dissatisfaction they raise was instrumental in examining whether a larger recourse to finance and risk management is better than macroeconomic management and/or regulation. The types of contract sponsored by Robert J. Shiller in The New Financial Order: Risk in the 21st century have been scrutinised to see whether they offer a better chance to stabilise individual or national income. Even where such an outcome can be secured without aggravating moral hazard, the costs in terms of personal freedom and privacy seem to be particularly high.  JEL Codes: F31, F33, F34, F42Keywords: Crisis, Debt, Exchange Rates, Foreign Debt

Traité des nouveaux risques précaution, crise, assurance

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Godard, Olivier; Lagadec, Patrick; Michel-Kerjan, Erwann

2002-01-01

Au-delà des dénonciations de la technologie prométhéenne, s'appuyant sur les acquis de la recherche économique et d'autres disciplines des sciences sociales, cet ouvrage pionnier rassemble les pièces d'un puzzle dispersé. Le motif en est clair: dégager les axes d'une gouvernance des nouveaux risques. Celle-ci repose sur trois piliers qui organisent le panorama offert : la précaution - de la théorie du risque à celle des régimes politiques dans un univers à la fois non probabiliste et controversé; la prévention et la gestion de crises - dont les traits saillants sont montrés à partir de trois cas exemplaires : la contamination criminelle d'un produit pharmaceutique ; la destruction du réseau électrique québécois en 1998 ; l'épidémie de la vache folle au Royaume-Uni ; l'assurance des risques à grande échelle (désastres naturels, catastrophes technologiques et terrorisme de masse) qui, avérés ou potentiels, bouleversent l'économie de l'assurance. Pourquoi un Traité ? La raison en es...

The silent victims of humanitarian crises and livelihood (in)security: a case study among migrants in two Chadian towns

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Djindil, N.S.; Bruijn, de, M.

2009-01-01

Once a humanitarian disaster receives coverage in the global media, the international community usually mobilises to reduce the most severe consequences. However people in Chad are experiencing endemic crises that are detached from speci!c triggers, and they are not receiving any international assistance to help relieve the hardships they face. "is study involves 111 migrant households from central Chad that, as a result of war and drought, have lost everything and now have to live in squatte...

Cosmological applications of strong gravitational lensing

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Paraficz, Danuta

value of the energy density of the two above components, together with measuring the Hubble constant that determines the age of the Universe, is a major goal of modern astrophysics. An interesting method for estimating these parameters is strong gravitational lensing of quasars (QSOs). As shown...

Japonya (1991 ve ABD (2007-2009 Finans Krizlerinin Politik İktisat Perspektifinden Bir Değerlendirmesi = A Comparative Assessment of the Japanese (1991 and US (2007-2009 Financial Crises From a Political Economy Perspective

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K. Ali AKKEMİK

2011-07-01

Full Text Available This paper compares from a political economy perspective the financial crisis that broke out in Japan after 1991 and in the US during 2007-2009. Common features of both crises are the initial deregulation in the financial sector and the burst of the consequent asset price bubble. The institutional structure shaped by government interventions in Japan was unable to overcome the crisis and the subsequent long recession while the US government responded relatively quickly to the crisis. This paper comparatively evaluates the causes of the crises from the political economy perspective.

Controle ambiental e crises de asma em domicílios- estudo descritivo em residências de 5 unidades do Programa de Saúde da Família no Território 1 - Camaragibe PE

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Maria Ribeiro Costa, Roseane

2012-01-01

Realizou-se um estudo transversal, descritivo, exploratório, para avaliar o grau de controle ambiental e crises de asma encontrados em domicílios de crianças e adolescentes, assim como, o conhecimento de mães e agentes comunitários de saúde sobre asma, no município de Camaragibe, localizado na região metropolitana do Recife. Objetivos específicos: 1) Identificar os acessórios presentes no quarto/sala do domicílio que pode3m desencadear crises de asma. 2) Verificar a freqüênc...

What adaptation to research is needed following crises: a comparative, qualitative study of the health workforce in Sierra Leone and Nepal.

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Raven, Joanna; Baral, Sushil; Wurie, Haja; Witter, Sophie; Samai, Mohamed; Paudel, Pravin; Subedi, Hom Nath; Martineau, Tim; Elsey, Helen; Theobald, Sally

2018-02-07

Health workers are critical to the performance of health systems; yet, evidence about their coping strategies and support needs during and post crisis is lacking. There is very limited discussion about how research teams should respond when unexpected crises occur during on-going research. This paper critically presents the approaches and findings of two health systems research projects that explored and evaluated health worker performance and were adapted during crises, and provides lessons learnt on re-orientating research when the unexpected occurs. Health systems research was adapted post crisis to assess health workers' experiences and coping strategies. Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 14 health workers in a heavily affected earthquake district in Nepal and 25 frontline health workers in four districts in Ebola-affected Sierra Leone. All data were transcribed and analysed using the framework approach, which included developing coding frameworks for each study, applying the frameworks, developing charts and describing the themes. A second layer of analysis included analysis across the two contexts, whereas a third layer involved the research teams reflecting on the approaches used to adapt the research during these crises and what was learned as individuals and research teams. In Sierra Leone, health workers were heavily stigmatised by the epidemic, leading to a breakdown of trust. Coping strategies included finding renewed purpose in continuing to serve their community, peer and family support (in some cases), and religion. In Nepal, individual determination, a sense of responsibility to the community and professional duty compelled staff to stay or return to their workplace. The research teams had trusting relationships with policy-makers and practitioners, which brought credibility and legitimacy to the change of research direction as well as the relationships to maximise the opportunity for findings to inform practice. In both contexts

Do Markets Cointegrate after Financial Crises? Evidence from G-20 Stock Markets

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Mahfuzul Haque

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The results of the single-equation cointegration tests indicate that patterns of cointegration in the two main and four sub-periods are not homogeneous. Two key findings emerge from the study. First, fewer stock markets cointegrated with S&P 500 during the crisis period than they did during the pre-crisis. In other words, as the 2008 financial crisis deepened, S&P 500 and G-20 stock indices moved towards less cointegration. The decreasing number of cointegrating relationships implies that the U.S. stock markets and other G-20 markets have experienced different driving forces since the start of the U.S. crisis. Second, among those markets that are cointegrated with S&P 500, they happened to be deeply affected by S&P and the shocks emerging from it. The 2007–2009 financial crises can be considered a structural break in the long-run relationship and may have resulted from effective joint intervention/responses taken by members of G-20 nations.

The impact of economic crises on communicable disease transmission and control: a systematic review of the evidence.

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Marc Suhrcke

Full Text Available There is concern among public health professionals that the current economic downturn, initiated by the financial crisis that started in 2007, could precipitate the transmission of infectious diseases while also limiting capacity for control. Although studies have reviewed the potential effects of economic downturns on overall health, to our knowledge such an analysis has yet to be done focusing on infectious diseases. We performed a systematic literature review of studies examining changes in infectious disease burden subsequent to periods of crisis. The review identified 230 studies of which 37 met our inclusion criteria. Of these, 30 found evidence of worse infectious disease outcomes during recession, often resulting from higher rates of infectious contact under poorer living circumstances, worsened access to therapy, or poorer retention in treatment. The remaining studies found either reductions in infectious disease or no significant effect. Using the paradigm of the "SIR" (susceptible-infected-recovered model of infectious disease transmission, we examined the implications of these findings for infectious disease transmission and control. Key susceptible groups include infants and the elderly. We identified certain high-risk groups, including migrants, homeless persons, and prison populations, as particularly vulnerable conduits of epidemics during situations of economic duress. We also observed that the long-term impacts of crises on infectious disease are not inevitable: considerable evidence suggests that the magnitude of effect depends critically on budgetary responses by governments. Like other emergencies and natural disasters, preparedness for financial crises should include consideration of consequences for communicable disease control.

Barriers to implementing infection prevention and control guidelines during crises: experiences of health care professionals.

Science.gov (United States)

Timen, Aura; Hulscher, Marlies E J L; Rust, Laura; van Steenbergen, Jim E; Akkermans, Reinier P; Grol, Richard P T M; van der Meer, Jos W M

2010-11-01

Communicable disease crises can endanger the health care system and often require special guidelines. Understanding reasons for nonadherence to crisis guidelines is needed to improve crisis management. We identified and measured barriers and conditions for optimal adherence as perceived by 4 categories of health care professionals. In-depth interviews were performed (n = 26) to develop a questionnaire for a cross-sectional survey of microbiologists (100% response), infection preventionists (74% response), public health physicians (96% response), and public health nurses (82% response). The groups were asked to appraise barriers encountered during 4 outbreaks (severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS], Clostridium difficile ribotype 027, rubella, and avian influenza) according to a 5-point Likert scale. When at least 33% of the participants responded "strongly agree," "agree," or "rather agree than disagree," a barrier was defined as "often experienced." The common ("generic") barriers were included in a univariate and multivariate model. Barriers specific to the various groups were studied as well. Crisis guidelines were found to have 4 generic barriers to adherence: (1) lack of imperative or precise wording, (2) lack of easily identifiable instructions specific to each profession, (3) lack of concrete performance targets, and (4) lack of timely and adequate guidance on personal protective equipment and other safety measures. The cross-sectional study also yielded profession-specific sets of often-experienced barriers. To improve adherence to crisis guidelines, the generic barriers should be addressed when developing guidelines, irrespective of the infectious agent. Profession-specific barriers require profession-specific strategies to change attitudes, ensure organizational facilities, and provide an adequate setting for crisis management. Copyright © 2010 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights

Throwing the baby out with the bathwater: can the military's role in global health crises be redeemed?

Science.gov (United States)

Burkle, Frederick M

2013-06-01

For decades, military humanitarian assistance programs have avoided empirical scrutiny, leaving researchers, the humanitarian community and decision makers without proof of outcome. This Editorial highlights the findings of three major studies that disclose deficits in the quality of the performance and reporting of humanitarian missions, and offer guidance for change. The author suggests that, contrary to current plans to limit the military's role in humanitarian assistance, emerging crises actually increase civilian security risks and that it is time for a new partnership of military and civilian humanitarian resources to evolve in the interest of human security.

Number and viability of parasite influence seizure frequency in children with neurocysticercosis Número e viabilidade do parasita influenciam a frequência de crises epilépticas em crianças com neurocisticercose

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Lisiane S. Ferreira

2002-12-01

Full Text Available We investigated the relationship between CT findings - number and the viability phase of the parasites - and the seizure frequency in children with neurocysticercosis before and short-term after antiepileptic drug (AED introduction. We only found a significant interaction between stage of parasitic infection and number of lesions on seizure frequency after AED treatment. Patients with more than five lesions on active or transitional stages had higher seizure frequency predicting a worse short-term prognosis.No presente estudo, investigou-se a relação entre os achados tomográficos - número e estágio de viabilidade dos parasitas - e a frequência de crises epilépticas em crianças com neurocisticercose antes e logo após a introdução do tratamento com drogas antiepilépticas. Encontramos que a interação entre o estágio do parasita e o número de lesões influenciam significativamente a frequência de crises somente após o tratamento. Pacientes com mais do que cinco lesões em fase ativa ou transicional tiveram maior frequência de crises predizendo um pior prognóstico.

Da crise à superação: limites e possibilidades para a transição ao comunismo

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Dauto João da Silveira

2010-01-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1806-5023.2010v7n1/2p113 A entrevista apresenta uma análise crítica sobre a situação do modo de produção capitalista, especialmente depois da última crise mundial, dialogando com categorias analíticas das Ciências Sociais. Para além disto, contextualiza e aponta tendências, ou melhor, desvela os elementos produzidos nos interior da sociedade burguesa para a constituição de uma sociedade do vir a ser, comunista.

Presentation of the CEA's crisis national organization: coordination centre in case of crisis, crisis technical teams, intervention means, and so on; Presentation de l'organisation nationale de crise du CEA: centre de coordination en cas de crise, equipes techniques de crise, moyens d'intervention...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pectorin, X. [CEA Fontenay-aux-Roses, MR/DCS/DIR, 92 (France)

2010-07-01

After having briefly recalled the existence of a legal framework for crisis management organisation, this report briefly describes how the CEA plans the crisis management. This management is based on the definition of critical scenarios, on the building up of a crisis management team, and on the elaboration of crisis management operational documents. It evokes the alert organisation and the triggering of crisis management. Then, it describes the CEA's national crisis organisation with its main crisis management structures, the role and the operation of the Crisis Coordination Centre (CCC, the decision body), the role and operation of the Central Crisis Technical Teams (ETC-C, Equipes Techniques de Crise Centrales), the role of field interveners (various rescue, protection, health care and technical teams) and of other additional intervention actors. It evokes the objectives of the various exercises which are organised every year at the internal, national or international level

Adjusting the horrors of civil war. Reforming the senate in small power democracies in the nationalistic crises of the 1860’s: Canada, Denmark and Sweden

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Verstegen, S.W.

2015-01-01

In the 1860s, political crises erupted in the Atlantic world which had repercussions on political thinking about parliamentary systems. Conservative forces gained control in several small powers in the North Atlantic after the preceding more liberal decades had, according to many, contributed to

Significado do eletrencefalograma no diagnóstico de crise convulsiva única em crianças

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Rubens Moura Ribeiro

1965-09-01

Full Text Available Foram estudadas, do ponto de vista eletrencefalográfico, 20 crianças que apresentaram crise convulsiva única, com intuito de verificar se nessas condições já ocorrem alterações que possam estar relacionadas com processos orgânicos encefálicos. Considerado de maneira global, o EEG mostrou-se alterado em 13 casos (65% e foi normal em 7 (35%; as alterações foram do tipo focal em 12 casos e difusas em um. Os eletrencefalogramas com rítmo de base irregular e disritmia paroxística registrada durante a ativação pela hiperpnéia (8 casos ou 40% corresponderam aos pacientes que, ulteriormente, apresentaram recorrência da convulsão.

Pode a Vigilância em Saúde ser emancipatória? Um pensamento alternativo de alternativas em tempos de crise

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Marcelo Firpo de Souza Porto

Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo, na forma de ensaio, é um convite à reflexão sobre o caráter emancipatório da vigilância em/da saúde, um debate interrompido na década de 1990. Em tempos de grave crise política e institucional no Brasil e no ano da 1ª Conferência Nacional de Vigilância em Saúde (1ª CNVS, é estratégico renovar as discussões teóricas e epistemológicas críticas que fundamentaram a trajetória da medicina social latino-americana e da saúde coletiva nos últimos 40 anos. Para isso, baseamo-nos nos pensamentos críticos da modernidade que articulam o capitalismo, o colonialismo (ou a colonialidade e o patriarcalismo como os três pilares da dominação, segundo o sociólogo português Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Em um contexto de crise civilizatória, repensar a emancipação significa atualizar o significado das lutas sociais em seu relacionamento com o conhecimento e as epistemologias desprezadas pela civilização moderna e ainda presentes no Sul Global, seja nos espaços indígenas e camponeses ou nas periferias urbanas.

A crise ucraniana e as Estratégias Nacionais de Defesa dos EUA e da Europa: a volta do hard power?

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João Fábio Bertonha

2014-11-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo discute a recente crise na Ucrânia e as implicações em termos estratégicos do choque entre a OTAN, a União Europeia e a Rússia. Mais especificadamente, o texto procura compreender o uso do hard power por parte da Federação russa e como isso pode levar a uma reavaliação da postura idealista da União Europeia no tocante a suas relações internacionais e de sua Estratégia de Defesa. Do mesmo modo, o texto questiona a possibilidade e/ou necessidade de alterações na Estratégia de Defesa nos EUA frente à crise no leste europeu. This article discusses the recent crisis in Ukraine and the strategic implications of the clash between NATO, the European Union and Russia. More specifically, the text seeks to understand the use of the hard power by the Russian Federation during the crisis and how this use can lead to a reassessment of European idealistic approach of international relations and military matters. At the same time, the article discusses the possibility and/or necessity of changes in American military strategies to deal with future problems in Eastern Europe.

CHALLENGES OF INTERNAL AUDIT IN THE CURRENT CRISIS

OpenAIRE

Popa Adriana Florina; Breban Ludovica; Bochis Leonica

2013-01-01

Modern economic theories reject the generalization of theories concerning the economic and financial crises. Each financial crisis is unique, a historic accident, generated by specific factors in a certain socio-economic and political set-up. According to these theories, crises cannot be anticipated so as to minimize their negative effects. In spite of the fact that economic and financial crises are not identical and do not produce identical effects, history teaches us that they are strongly ...

The Emperor Dom Pedro II: his convulsive seizures when a boy O imperador Dom Pedro II: as suas crises convulsivas quando menino

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Marleide da Mota Gomes

2007-12-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Dom Pedro II, the Prince Heir and Emperor under regency, in a delicate period of the construction of the Brazilian nation, had convulsive seizures. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the convulsive seizures and related syndromes of Dom Pedro II and his family, besides the physicians in charge of the health care. METHOD: Narrative review based on primary and secondary sources. CONCLUSION: The scattered and self-limited convulsive seizures associated with physical and mental integrity favored a benign prognosis. Dom Pedro and his family presented rich history of epileptic seizures and febrile convulsion. This variety resembles the diagnosis of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus that seems to be a combination of several syndromes with shared genetic susceptibility.INTRODUÇÃO: Dom Pedro, o príncipe herdeiro e imperador sob regência, em período delicado da formação da nação brasileira, apresentou crises convulsivas que geraram preocupação para o país. OBJETIVO: Investigar a história da epilepsia de Dom Pedro II e da sua família e procurar identificar quais tipos de crises epilépticas estavam presentes, além dos médicos envolvidos com os cuidados de saúde. MÉTODO: Revisão narrativa baseada em fontes primárias e secundárias. CONCLUSÃO: As crises convulsivas esparsas e auto-limitadas associadas a higidez física e mental de Dom Pedro II sugerem um prognóstico benigno. A história de epilepsia idiopática e convulsões febris no imperador e em outros membros da sua família aponta para o diagnóstico mais provável de Epilepsia Generalizada com Convulsões Febris Plus que é determinada por uma combinação de alguns tipos de manifestações epilépticas com suscetibilidade genética compartilhada.

Crises financeiras nos anos 1990 e poupança externa

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Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Ao contrário do que afirma a análise econômica convencional, a causa principal das crises financeiras dos países emergentes dos anos 1990 e início dos anos 2000s começando pela do México (1994 e terminando com a da Argentina (2001 não foi fiscal, mas a decisão dos governos de promover o crescimento com poupança externa, isto é, com déficits em conta corrente. Como a taxa de câmbio tem outros determinantes além da absorção interna, o pressuposto dos déficits gêmeos com frequência não é válido. Essas foram de balanço de pagamentos e se caracterizaram por elevados déficits em conta corrente e forte aumento da dívida externa e/ou por forte aumento do déficit em conta corrente, que levaram os credores a se persuadirem que o problema do país era ou de liquidez ou de solvência, ou ambos, e decidirem, subitamente, suspender a rolagem da dívida externa do país. Um teste econométrico substancia a hipótese do trabalho.

Severe painful vaso-occlusive crises and mortality in a contemporary adult sickle cell anemia cohort study.

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Deepika S Darbari

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Frequent painful vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs were associated with mortality in the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD over twenty years ago. Modern therapies for sickle cell anemia (SCA like hydroxyurea are believed to have improved overall patient survival. The current study sought to determine the relevance of the association between more frequent VOCs and death and its relative impact upon overall mortality compared to other known risk factors in a contemporary adult SCA cohort. METHODS: Two hundred sixty four SCA adults were assigned into two groups based on patient reported outcomes for emergency department (ED visits or hospitalizations for painful VOC treatment during the 12 months prior to evaluation. RESULTS: Higher baseline hematocrit (p = 0.0008, ferritin (p = 0.005, and HDL cholesterol (p = 0.01 were independently associated with 1 or more painful VOCs requiring an ED visit or hospitalization for acute pain. During a median follow-up of 5 years, mortality was higher in the ED visit/hospitalization group (relative risk [RR] 2.68, 95% CI 1.1-6.5, p = 0.03. Higher tricuspid regurgitatant jet velocity (TRV (RR 2.41, 95% CI 1.5-3.9, p < 0.0001, elevated ferritin (RR 4.00, 95% CI 1.8-9.0, p = 0.001 and lower glomerular filtration rate (RR=2.73, 95% CI 1.6-4.6, p < 0.0001 were also independent risk factors for mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Severe painful VOCs remain a marker for SCA disease severity and premature mortality in a modern cohort along with other known risk factors for death including high TRV, high ferritin and lower renal function. The number of patient reported pain crises requiring healthcare utilization is an easily obtained outcome that could help to identify high risk patients for disease modifying therapies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00011648 http://clinicaltrials.gov/

Severe Painful Vaso-Occlusive Crises and Mortality in a Contemporary Adult Sickle Cell Anemia Cohort Study

Science.gov (United States)

Darbari, Deepika S.; Wang, Zhengyuan; Kwak, Minjung; Hildesheim, Mariana; Nichols, James; Allen, Darlene; Seamon, Catherine; Peters-Lawrence, Marlene; Conrey, Anna; Hall, Mary K.; Kato, Gregory J.; Taylor VI, James G.

2013-01-01

Background Frequent painful vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs) were associated with mortality in the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD) over twenty years ago. Modern therapies for sickle cell anemia (SCA) like hydroxyurea are believed to have improved overall patient survival. The current study sought to determine the relevance of the association between more frequent VOCs and death and its relative impact upon overall mortality compared to other known risk factors in a contemporary adult SCA cohort. Methods Two hundred sixty four SCA adults were assigned into two groups based on patient reported outcomes for emergency department (ED) visits or hospitalizations for painful VOC treatment during the 12 months prior to evaluation. Results Higher baseline hematocrit (p = 0.0008), ferritin (p = 0.005), and HDL cholesterol (p = 0.01) were independently associated with 1 or more painful VOCs requiring an ED visit or hospitalization for acute pain. During a median follow-up of 5 years, mortality was higher in the ED visit/hospitalization group (relative risk [RR] 2.68, 95% CI 1.1-6.5, p = 0.03). Higher tricuspid regurgitatant jet velocity (TRV) (RR 2.41, 95% CI 1.5-3.9, p < 0.0001), elevated ferritin (RR 4.00, 95% CI 1.8-9.0, p = 0.001) and lower glomerular filtration rate (RR=2.73, 95% CI 1.6-4.6, p < 0.0001) were also independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusions Severe painful VOCs remain a marker for SCA disease severity and premature mortality in a modern cohort along with other known risk factors for death including high TRV, high ferritin and lower renal function. The number of patient reported pain crises requiring healthcare utilization is an easily obtained outcome that could help to identify high risk patients for disease modifying therapies. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00011648 http://clinicaltrials.gov/ PMID:24224021

Hungary as an aging society.

Science.gov (United States)

Blasszauer, B; Hazafi, K

1994-12-01

The authors describe the situation of the aged in Hungary, with a particular focus on the medical and ethical problems that health professionals have to face. The so-called post-communist transitional period is characterised by both economic and moral crisis. The country has a serious foreign debt problem as well as high rate of unemployment and crime, a considerable price inflation, and the pauperisation of the people, particularly among the old. The old are defined as those who have reached retirement age, which is 55 for women and 60 for men. Hungary lacks the kind of incentives that would provide good reasons to live much beyond the age of 60. There is neither a suitable culture for old age nor economic security, and this seriously undermines the independence and autonomy of the old. Neither family nor institutional care for the elderly is adequate. Although over 20 per cent of the population are retired, they are not organized as a political power that would effectively represent them. The health care system is in crises and the elderly suffer the most because of it. Therapeutic nihilism and both over-treatment and under-treatment of the aged is common. Among the old, the suicide rate is high. Because of a lack of funds, an inadequate number of experts, indifference to rehabilitation, and the infrequent use of technological interventions, home and institutional care are inadequate. There are no public debates on setting priorities or allocating limited resources. There are, however, high hopes for the success of a market economy, privatization, and well-functioning democracy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

COBERTURA JORNALÍSTICA DA CRISE POLÍTICA E FINANCEIRA E O “ISSUE” CORRUPÇÃO POLÍTICA

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Isabel Ferin Cunha

2013-06-01

Full Text Available   Nesta apresentação refletimos sobre as relações entre cobertura jornalística, comunicação política, crise e corrupção, tendo como foco as democracias ocidentais e, em particular, Portugal. Em primeiro lugar, disserta-se sobre comunicação política e cobertura jornalística, partindo do pressuposto de que a mercantilização dos objetivos das empresas mediáticas e da informação noticiosa alteraram as relações entre o campo da política e dos Media. Dentro dessa perspectiva, discute-se sobre as consequências dessas mudanças nas democracias ocidentais, levando em consideração alguns aspectos que tendem a subverter princípios inerentes à democracia representativa, mas também a eclosão de novos movimentos sociais que visam auma maior participação democrática no espaço público. Em seguida, discorre-se sobre os conceitos de crise e corrupção política, procurando identificar os elementos históricos e culturais que interrelacionam os dois fenômenos nas democracias ocidentais, sobretudo em Portugal. A título de conclusão, abordam-se os processos de desocultação dos fenómenos de corrupção e as implicações para o campo jurídico, bem como os princípios de transparência da informação e suas consequências na democracia. 

Uso de terapias não convencionais no manejo da crise aguda de asma refratária

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OLIVEIRA RAQUEL HERMES ROSA; RIBEIRO ALEXANDRE DE OLIVEIRA; AMARANTE GUSTAVO ADOLPHO JUNQUEIRA; TEDDE MIGUEL LIA

2002-01-01

Uma paciente em crise aguda de asma, refratária ao uso de beta2-agonista inalatório e intravenoso, aminofilina intravenosa e corticóide, em ventilação mecânica, foi tratada com métodos terapêuticos não convencionais: broncoscopia, lavado broncoalveolar com N-acetilcisteína e ventilação com halotano. Houve melhora dos parâmetros ventilatórios após o lavado e a resolução do broncoespasmo ocorreu após a anestesia, propiciando a extubação e alta da UTI. É feita uma revisão da literatura sobre o u...

MOVIMENTO ESTUDANTIL E COMBATE ÀS OPRESSÕES: REFLEXÕES SOBRE OS REVÉRBEROS DA CRISE ESTRUTURAL DO CAPITAL

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Rigueira Cavalcanti, Gabriela; Guedes, Leandro Theodoro; Campos, Tainara da Silva

2016-01-01

Pretende-se perquirir as determinações históricas da crise estrutural do capital, com atenção às suas manifestações específicas na particularidade brasileira. Ao mesmo tempo, intenta-se compreender os desdobramentos do movimento estudantil, evidenciando o passado combativo de suas organizações alinhadas com a agenda de luta da classe trabalhadora em contraste com seu recente recuo e esboroamento. Neste esteio, chama-se a atenção para a projeção alcançada recentemente pelos debates sobre lgbtf...

Physical exercise in rats with epilepsy is protective against seizures: evidence of animal studies Exercício físico em ratos com epilepsia como fator protetor contra crises epilépticas: evidencias de estudos em animais

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Ricardo Mario Arida

2009-12-01

Full Text Available People with epilepsy have been discouraged from participating in physical activity due to the fear that it will exacerbate seizures. Clinical and animal studies indicate a reduction of seizure frequency as well as decrease susceptibility to subsequently evoked seizures after an exercise program. Analyses from experimental studies of animals with epilepsy submitted to physical training programs were performed. In all studies the physical training was able to reduce the number of spontaneous seizures in rats with epilepsy. Seizure occurrence during exercise was relatively absent in the majority of studies. No death was found in animals with epilepsy during 1680 h of exercise. Based on these results it is plausible encouraging persons with epilepsy to non-pharmacological treatments and preventative measures such as physical exercise.Pessoas com epilepsia têm sido desencorajadas da prática de atividade física por receio do exercício físico exacerbar as crises epilépticas. Estudos clínicos e em animais mostram uma redução da frequência de crises, assim como diminuição da susceptibilidade a crises subseqüentes após programa de exercício físico. Neste estudo realizamos uma análise de estudos experimentais de animais com epilepsia submetidos a programas de exercício físico. Em todos os estudos, o treinamento físico foi capaz de reduzir o número de crises espontâneas em ratos com epilepsia. A ocorrência de crises durante o exercício físico foi relativamente ausente na maioria dos estudos. Nenhuma morte foi encontrada em animais com epilepsia durante 1680 h de exercício físico. Baseados nestes resultados parece aceitável encorajar as pessoas com epilepsia a tratamentos não farmacológicos e medidas preventivas como o exercício físico.

Hipocalcemia e crises neonatais: Um caso raro de hipoparatireoidismo congênito Hypocalcemia and neonatal seizures: a rare case of congenital hypoparathyroidism

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Cristiane Rocha

2002-03-01

Full Text Available Descrevemos o caso de uma criança do sexo masculino, com 2 meses de idade, com tremor e hipertonia desde 15º dia de vida transferido para o nosso Serviço em que foi diagnosticado como tendo crises epilépticas. A investigação constatou hipocalcemia (4 mg/dL e hipomagnesemia (1,6 mg/dL e a correção intravenosa foi iniciada. Em todas as tentativas de suspensão da medicação intravenosa havia recidiva das crises. O diagnóstico de hipoparatireoidismo foi aventado e confirmado por investigação complementar. O exame neurológico mostrava uma criança irritada e em opistótono. A tomografia e a ressonância de encéfalo foram normais, mas o EEG evidenciou graves anormalidades. O tratamento oral com colecalciferol, cálcio e magnésio foi instituído. O paciente permaneceu internado durante 6 meses com dificuldade de controle das crises e infecções repetidas, vindo a falecer por esse motivo. Discutimos os achados clínicos, exames complementares, o diagnóstico diferencial e o tratamento instituído.We report the case of a white male infant, 2 months-old, with tremor and hypertonia since 15th day of life transferred to our service and diagnosed as seizures. Investigation showed hypocalcaemia (4 mg/dl and hypomagnesemia (1.6 mg/dL and the infant's serum metabolic disturb was corrected by intravenous calcium gluconate and magnesium sulphate, but attempted to "wean" him from intravenous treatment led to a relapse of hypocalcemia. At this time hypoparathyroidism was suspected and the additional investigation confirmed this suspect ion. The neurologic examination revealed an irritable patient with marked extensor hypertonia and opisthotonos. Cranial CT and MRI scans were normal, but the EEG exam showed severe abnormalities. The infant was given the oral calcium gluconate, magnesium chloride and colecalciferol daily to maintain a normal calcium concentration, but the control was very difficult. The patient had an extend hospitalization of 6

Epilepsy in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures Epilepsia em pacientes com crises não epilépticas psicogênicas

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Renato Luiz Marchetti

2010-04-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of epilepsy in patients who presented psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES. The evaluation was carried out during intensive VEEG monitoring in a diagnostic center for epilepsy in a university hospital. The difficulties involved in reaching this diagnosis are discussed. Ninety-eight patients underwent intensive and prolonged video-electroencephalographic (VEEG monitoring; out of these, a total of 28 patients presented PNES during monitoring. Epilepsy was defined as present when the patient presented epileptic seizures during VEEG monitoring or when, although not presenting epileptic seizures during monitoring, the patient presented unequivocal interictal epileptiform discharges. The frequency of epilepsy in patients with PNES was 50% (14 patients. Our findings suggest that the frequency of epilepsy in patients with PNES is much higher than that of previous studies, and point out the need, at least in some cases, for prolonging the evaluation of patients with PNES who have clinical histories indicating epilepsy.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a frequência de epilepsia em pacientes que apresentaram crises não epilépticas psicogênicas (CNEP. Isto foi realizado durante monitoração intensiva por video-EEG num centro diagnóstico de epilepsia em um hospital universitário. As dificuldades envolvidas para se chegar a este diagnóstico são discutidas. Noventa e oito pacientes foram submetidos a monitoração intensiva por video-EEG; 28 destes pacientes apresentaram CNEP durante a monitoração. Epilepsia foi considerada presente quando o paciente apresentou crises epilépticas durante a avaliação pelo video-EEG ou quando, apesar da não ocorrência de crises epilépticas durante a avaliação, descargas epilépticas interictais inequívocas estavam presentes. A frequência de epilepsia em pacientes com CNEP foi 50% (14 pacientes. Nossos achados sugerem que a frequência de epilepsia em

Organizational collaborative capacity in fighting pandemic crises: a literature review from the public management perspective.

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Lai, Allen Y

2012-01-01

Collaborative capacity serves for organizations as the capacity to collaborate with other network players. Organizational capacity matters as collaboration outcomes usually go beyond single-shot implementation efforts or a single-minded focus on either the vertical dimension of program or the horizontal component. This review article explores organizational collaborative capacities from the perspective of public management, in particular, network theory. By applying the 5 attributes of network theory-interdependence, membership, resources, information, and learning-to the explanation of collaborative capacity in fighting pandemic crises, I argue in some ways organizational collaborative capacity is very much like an organization in its own right. Studying collaborative capacity in the battle against pandemics facilitate our understanding of multisectoral collaboration in technical, political, and institutional dimensions, and greatly advances the richness of capacity vocabulary in pandemic response and preparedness.

"Peer2Peer" – A university program for knowledge transfer and consultation in dealing with psychosocial crises in med-school and medical career

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Vajda, Christian

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Objective: Medical students are exposed to various psychosocial problems and challenges. Specific consultations services and programs can support them.“Peer2Peer” is such a consultation program and was implemented at the Medical University of Graz. It focusses on crisis intervention, psychosocial stress management, junior mentoring as well as student education in this field. Besides, it also offers student tutors of the program practical skills trainings. The program was restructured in winter term 2014/15.Methods: On the one hand, “Peer2Peer” gives insights into topics such as the current state of research concerning the students’ psychological strain and psychosocial crises in acutely stressful situations and preventive approaches for coping with these kinds of situations on the other hand. These aspects are taught by means of elective courses, lectures and workshops. Furthermore, “Peer2Peer” provides consultation services by student tutors who give face-to-face advice if required. These tutors receive ongoing training in organizational and professional issues.Results: Since the summer term of 2015, 119 students have been trained (via lectures and elective courses, while 61 contacts (short consultation and 33 contacts (full consultation have been supervisied. In total, two psychotherapeutic and one psychosocial follow ups were recommended. There are seven students who participate as tutors in the program.Conclusions: The “Peer2Peer” program is intended to enable a low-threshold access for medical students facing psychosocial crises situations and to help them in dealing with stress and learning problems. An increase in support contacts from the summer term of 2015 to the winter term of 2015/16 can be considered a success. A first evaluation of the different components of the program started in the winter semester of 2015/16. The student tutors have not only acquired practical skills in dealing with students in crises

Développement, crises et adaptation des territoires du soja au Mato Grosso: l'exemple de Sorriso Desenvolvimento, crises e adaptação dos territórios da soja em Mato Grosso : o exemplo de Sorriso

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Carlos Magri Ferreira

2009-06-01

Full Text Available L’expansion de la culture du soja au sud de l’Amazonie brésilienne dans les années 1990 a permis l’émergence de nouveaux territoires intégrés à « l’économie monde » après la phase pionnière des décennies 1970 et 1980. Cependant, la baisse des cours, la « rouille asiatique » (maladie du soja, la variabilité climatique et les tensions environnementales ont entraîné la filière agricole dans une crise profonde entre 2004 et 2007.  Cette crise a alors mis en exergue les limites de ce modèle de développement, bien illustré par la commune de Sorriso (première commune productrice de soja du Brésil. Les producteurs cherchent à présent à tirer les leçons des échecs du passé et à s’adapter aux nouvelles normes imposées par la société civile et les marchés internationaux (certification environnementale, application du code forestier,…. De nombreux efforts pour l’intensification et la diversification des productions notamment par le maïs et le coton sont réalisés. De plus, des projets locaux de développement durable axés sur l’éducation environnementale et l’incitation au reboisement voient le jour et témoignent également de la volonté d’une partie des acteurs locaux de changer le mode de développement de la région.A expansão da cultura da soja no sul da Amazonia Brasileira na decada de 1990 permitiu a emergência de novos territórios integrados a “economia mundial” depois da fase pioneira das décadas de 1970 e 1980. Mas, a queda dos preços, a “ferrugem asiática” (doença da soja, a variabilidade climática e as tensões ambientais levaram o setor agrícola a uma crise profunda entre 2004 e 2007. Esta crise demonstrou os limites deste modelo de desenvolvimento bem ilustrado pelo município de Sorriso (maior produtor de soja do Brasil. Os produtores procuram agora aproveitar as lições aprendidas a partir dos fracassos do passado e adaptar-se as novas normas impostas pela

A crise de 1929 e duas elites: São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro diante da Grande Depressão

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Barreiros, Daniel de Pimho

2009-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute o impacto e as reações das elites nas cidades do Rio de Janeiro e de São Paulo diante do crash da Bolsa de Valores de Nova Iorque, em outubro de 1929. Conclui-se que, diante da crise econômica, a preservação dos hábitos sociais tradicionais da elite carioca, em contraste com os sintomas de desestruturação percebidos entre a elite paulista, se deve ao enraizamento urbano da primeira

The environmental and the ethical and moral crises according to the Laudato si’ encyclical

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Anor Sganzerla

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Faced with the disorderly way of conceiving life in the current model of political and economic development, which has compromised our common home due to the depredation of all forms of life in the biosphere, and in light of the moral and ethical crisis of our time that has fostered a culture of relativism, disposability and immediacy, this reflection aims to analyze how Pope Francis connects the environmental crisis with the ethical and moral crisis in his Laudato si’ encyclical. Pope Francis believes that we do not live in a time of several crises but rather one complex crisis which is both social and environmental which is the external manifestation of the ethical and moral, cultural and spiritual crisis of humanity. The cry for help of the Earth is inseparable from that of the poor, so only an integral ecology can help heal fundamental human relationships.

COMUNICAÇÃO DE CRISE NA PUBLICIDADE: Marcas, Prosumers e Mediações

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Lucimara Rett

2016-10-01

Full Text Available A comunicação de crise já está incorporada à comunicação corporativa, entretanto, mais efetivamente aplicada na assessoria de imprensa das empresas. A Professora Doutora Karine Berthelot-Guie, da Université de Paris-Sorbonne, na França, traz o conceito para a publicidade, o que desperta o interesse de investigação desse novo desafio para as marcas no cenário de convergência e cultura participativa. A título de estudo exploratório, este trabalho apresenta alguns exemplos em que a manifestação das marcas são interpeladas, nesse contexto, por diferentes tipos de mediação ressignificados pelo receptor, quais sejam: mediações espaciais, humanas e virtuais.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Publicidade; Marcas; Mediações; Prosumers; Comunicação de Crise.   ABSTRACT The crisis communications is already integrated to the corporate communications, although it is more effectively applied in media relations offices. PhD Professor Karine Berthelot-Guide, from Paris-Sorbonne University, in France, brings the concept to advertising, which increases the interest in this new research challenge for brands in the context of convergence and participatory culture. As an exploratory study, this paper presents some examples where the brand manifestations are challenged by different kinds of mediation reinterpreted by the receiver, namely: space, human and virtual mediations.   KEYWORDS: Advertising; Brands; Mediations; Prosumers; Crisis Communication.     RESUMEN La comunicación de crisis ya se ha incorporada a la comunicación corporativa, entretanto, se aplica efectivamente en la asesoría de prensa de las empresas. La profesora Doctora Karine Berthelot-Guie, de la Universidad de la Sorbona-Paris, en Francia, introdujo el concepto para el campo de la publicidad, lo que despierta el interés para la investigación de ese nuevo desafío para las marcas en un escenario de convergencia y cultura participativa. A modo de estudio exploratorio, este

[Economic management of health crises affecting production animals in Europe].

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Vandeputte, S; Humblet, M F; Fecher-Bourgeois, F; Gosset, C; Albert, A; Vernaillen, F; Saegerman, C

2011-12-01

The importance of animal health crises has considerably increased over the last few years. When a crisis occurs, farmers can receive financial support through various public, private and mixed compensation schemes. Economic losses resulting from diseases may be direct and indirect. If a disease is covered by European Union regulations then countries have a legal obligation to partly compensate farmers for direct losses, either directly through the national budget, or through a specific fund. The European Veterinary Fund also co-finances these losses. Only a few countries provide compensation for indirect losses. The private insurance sector also provides protection against some direct and indirect losses but the risks covered are variable. To encourage farmers to subscribe to this kind of insurance, some public authorities provide subsidies to help pay the premium. Insurance companies do not generally cover the risks linked to contagious diseases, but some companies do extend cover to include this type of risk. Several alternatives, such as mutual funds, are available to improve risk coverage. There is a lack of harmonisation among the various compensation schemes of different countries. Public authorities cannot provide full compensation, but mutual funds and private insurance companies are alternatives that should be further investigated and their use should be extended to other countries. A classification of diseases would harmonise the situation at the European level.

The relationship between population ageing and the economic growth in Asia

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Brendan, Lo Rick; Sek, Siok Kun

2017-08-01

Asia has witnessed robust economic growth since the 1960s. Today, emerging markets in Asia have managed to maintain rapid growth even when the world's main economies suffer from debt and banking crises. However, declining total fertility rate, increasing life expectancy, continuous change of birth and death patterns, and increasing share of old age population in the age distribution in Asia exert significant pressure on its economies. This paper analyses the relationship between population ageing and economic growth using 2 different panels of countries; one Asian and another the from the oldest countries worldwide between 1970 and 2014. The analysis is based on the Auto Regression Distributed Lag models. The MG (Mean Group) and PMG (Pooled Mean Group) estimations are applied in this analysis. The Hausman Test is conducted to decide between the MG and PMG estimators. We find that ageing will negatively affect the economy in the long run. The growing number of youths will initially have a negative effect on the economy but would eventually lead to a positive growth in the future. The old age dependency ratio has yet to have affect the Asian economy but is expected eventually to impose a negative effect as seen in the oldest nations of the world.

The causality analysis of climate change and large-scale human crisis.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, David D; Lee, Harry F; Wang, Cong; Li, Baosheng; Pei, Qing; Zhang, Jane; An, Yulun

2011-10-18

Recent studies have shown strong temporal correlations between past climate changes and societal crises. However, the specific causal mechanisms underlying this relation have not been addressed. We explored quantitative responses of 14 fine-grained agro-ecological, socioeconomic, and demographic variables to climate fluctuations from A.D. 1500-1800 in Europe. Results show that cooling from A.D. 1560-1660 caused successive agro-ecological, socioeconomic, and demographic catastrophes, leading to the General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century. We identified a set of causal linkages between climate change and human crisis. Using temperature data and climate-driven economic variables, we simulated the alternation of defined "golden" and "dark" ages in Europe and the Northern Hemisphere during the past millennium. Our findings indicate that climate change was the ultimate cause, and climate-driven economic downturn was the direct cause, of large-scale human crises in preindustrial Europe and the Northern Hemisphere.

Psicose, família e crise : inserções psicanalíticas em um serviço multidisciplinar

OpenAIRE

Ribeiro, Cristina Martins

2015-01-01

Este trabalho teve por objetivo mostrar algumas formas de inserção da psicanálise no Grupo de Intervenção Precoce nas Primeiras Crises do Tipo Psicótico (GIPSI). Através da perspectiva metodológica de estudo de caso, o próprio grupo foi tomado como objeto de pesquisa. Como contribuição mais detida, o presente estudo traz o olhar sobre o indivíduo a partir de eixos norteadores da patologia, nos quais se elaboram hipóteses clínicas como organizadas em torno da economia, da tópica e da dinâmica ...

La crise de Crimée (mars 2014) : comment en est-on arrivé là ?

OpenAIRE

Richard, Yann

2014-01-01

La crise ukrainienne a des causes internes et externes nombreuses. On peut regretter que la presse française en parle de façon très orientée sans prendre le temps de présenter le point de vue russe, si ce n’est pour affirmer que le président Poutine relançait la guerre froide et réactivait l’impérialisme russe. Le rattachement de la Crimée est sans conteste une annexion déguisée et c’est un coup de force autant qu’un rejet des prescriptions élémentaires du droit international. Toutefois, il f...

La transmission des effets de la crise alimentaire sur les dépenses de compensation : Cas de la Tunisie

OpenAIRE

Akari, Tahar; Jouili, Mustapha

2010-01-01

En 2006-2008, le monde à connu une véritable crise alimentaire, due à la hausse sans précédent des cours mondiaux des produits alimentaires En Tunisie, la flambée des cours internationaux des produits alimentaires de base n’a pas tardé à gonfler la facture des importations alimentaires. Celle-ci étant absorbée en partie par l’augmentation des prix à la consommation et en partie à travers l’accroissement des dépenses de la Caisse Générale de Compensation. Toutefois, l’escalade des dépenses de ...

Perfil de crise hipertensiva: prevalência e apresentação clínica Hypertensive crisis profile: prevalence and clinical presentation

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José Fernando Vilela Martin

2004-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência, o quadro clínico e as lesões orgânicas envolvidas em uma crise hipertensiva. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de análise de prontuários médicos de pacientes com elevação dos níveis de pressão arterial diastólica > 120 mmHg e sintomáticos, atendidos em setor de emergência de hospital universitário durante 12 meses. Urgência foi caracterizada como elevação sintomática da pressão arterial sem evidências de lesão em órgão-alvo e, emergência hipertensiva, como elevação sintomática da pressão arterial com evidências de lesão aguda ou em evolução de órgão-alvo. RESULTADOS: Incluídos 452 pacientes com crise hipertensiva, representando 0,5% de todas as emergências clínico-cirúrgicas, sendo 273 (60,4% de urgência e 179 (39,6% de emergência hipertensiva. Não conheciam ser hipertensos 18%. Tabagismo e diabetes foram fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento de crise hipertensiva em 1/4 e 1/5 dos pacientes, respectivamente. Pacientes com emergência apresentaram maior idade (59,6 ± 14,8 vs 49,9 ± 18,6 anos, p OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of hypertensive crisis, related clinical findings, and the organic lesions involved. METHOD: This retrospective study comprised the analysis of the medical records of symptomatic patients with an elevation in diastolic blood pressure levels > 120 mmHg, who sought the emergency unit of a university-affiliated hospital over 12 months. Hypertensive urgency was characterized as the symptomatic elevation of blood pressure levels with no evidence of target-organ lesions, and hypertensive emergency was characterized as the symptomatic elevation of blood pressure levels with evidence of acute or ongoing target-organ lesion. RESULTS: This study comprised 452 patients with hypertensive crisis, accounting for 0.5% of all clinicosurgical emergencies, of which, 273 (60.4% were hypertensive urgencies and 179 (39.6% were hypertensive emergencies. Eighteen

BOATOS, CRISES E OPORTUNIDADES POLÍTICAS NA ANTIGUIDADE TARDIA

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Julio Cesar MAGALHÃES DE OLIVEIRA

Full Text Available RESUMO Comparado à organização política do Principado, o regime imperial da Antiguidade Tardia obteve um controle muito maior sobre a circulação da informação política em decorrência da centralização do poder e do número ainda maior de funcionários qualificados dedicados a coligir, cotejar e recuperar informações em todo o Império. Ainda assim, a vastidão do Império Romano e a lentidão das comunicações continuavam a representar as principais ameaças ao poder absolutista, especialmente nos momentos de crises políticas, quando a própria ausência de informações oficiais alimentava os canais subterrâneos e incontrolados de notícias. Do ponto de vista da plebe urbana e dos atores políticos locais, o recurso a essas notícias clandestinas que nós chamamos de "boatos" podia representar uma tentativa de avaliar a abertura de oportunidades para a ação em um ambiente político marcado por uma profunda incerteza. O objetivo deste artigo é explorar como a plebe urbana, as facções religiosas ou seus líderes percebiam (e encorajavam a difusão de notícias sobre as mudanças no poder imperial como uma "janela de oportunidades" e como uma forma de organizar uma ação coletiva.

Aplastic crisis due to human parvovirus B19 infection in hereditary hemolytic anaemia Crise aplástica devido à infecção por parvovirus humano B19 em anemia hemolítica hereditária

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R. C. N. Cubel

1992-10-01

Full Text Available Specific anti-B19 IgM was demonstrated in sera from three children showing transient aplastic crisis. A two years-old boy living in Rio de Janeiro suffering from sickle-cell anaemia showed the crisis during August, 1990. Two siblings living in Santa Maria, RS, developed aplastic crisis during May, 1991, when they were also diagnosed for hereditary spherocytosis. For a third child from this same family, who first developed aplastic crisis no IgM anti-B19 was detected in her sera.IgM específica anti-B19 foi demonstrada nos soros de três crianças apresentando aplasia transitória de medula. Um menino de dois anos de idade vivendo no Rio de Janeiro e sendo portador de anemia falciforme, apresentou a crise durante Agosto de 1990. Dois irmãos vivendo em Santa Maria - RS, desenvolveram crise de aplasia em Maio de 1991, quando foram também diagnosticados como portadores de microesferocitose. IgM anti-B19 não foi detectada no soro de uma terceira criança, desta mesma família, a qual primeiramente apresentou crise de aplasia.

Apontamentos epistemológicos a propósito da crise brasileira

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Cremilda Celeste de Araújo Medina

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Tendo em vista a compreensão do Jornalismo entre as narrativas da contemporaneidade, imerso em um conjunto de limitações epistemológicas - paradigmas vencidos, observação carente de experiências presenciais e análises precipitadas ou provenientes de reducionismos mentais -, este artigo busca, a partir de uma leitura integral dos periódicos Folha de S. Paulo e Estado de S. Paulo, no primeiro semestre de 2017, encontrar a manifestação de uma voz autoral que assine a voz coletiva no que tange a crise brasileira. Percebe-se, nesta leitura cultural, que é no Jornalismo de opinião que a imaginação criadora perante o caos alimenta quebras da razão analítica aprisionada pela esfera conceitual dada. O toque ensaístico se manifesta contrário, reticente, pluralista perante as afirmações/certezas estabelecidas. Conclui-se com uma proposta: o estímulo à reportagem-ensaio. Nela, o repórter que ousa a observação-experiência ensaia a compreensão sutil inspirada na responsabilidade ética, na qualificação técnica e na criatividade estética, permitindo romper com os reducionismos vigentes.

A atuação da Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA nas crises políticas contemporâneas

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Pedro Ernesto Fagundes

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa a atuação da Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA no período pós Guerra Fria, especificamente, nas crises políticas do Haiti (1991, Venezuela (2001 e Honduras (2009. O trabalho apresenta um panorama da atuação dessa organização multilateral a partir da década de 1950 até as mais recentes disputas ocorridas na América Latina.

Risk Assessment for Water Supply Systems in Iran During Crises Using the RAMCAP Method

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Jalal Nakhaei

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Heavy damages might be inflicted upon national infrastructure due to a variety of disasters caused by natural events or human activities. One example of such vital infrastructure at risk is the water supply system. At the time of crises, the water supply system is expected to continue supplying water to citizens, or the crisis will be augmented. This warrants the potential threats and their effects on the system to be identified and evaluated in an attempt to determine the vulnerable systems and sites toward proper solutions. In this study, the assets and the associated threats of the water supply are identified followed by a vulnerability analysis. The RAMCAP method is then employed to determine values for the risks associated with each of the assets including dams, water storage systems, pumping stations, treatment plants, water wells, and building units. Methods are proposed to reduce these risks before a crisis occurs. In addition, basic threats due to air-missile and Cyber attacks are also considered.

As políticas neoliberais e a crise na América do Sul

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Luiz Alberto Moniz Bandeira

2002-12-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo analisa o efeito social, econômico e político da implementação de políticas neoliberais em países da América do Sul (Argentina, Brasil, Uruguai, Paraguai, Chile, Bolívia, Equador, Venezuela e Colômbia. É destacado o papel da execução do programa neoliberal do Consenso de Washington por governos democraticamente eleitos nos anos 90, para o agravamento da crise externa e interna iniciada nas décadas de 60 e 70 e aprofundada nos anos 80.The present article analyses the social, economic and political effects of the neo-liberal politics implementation in some South American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Chile, Bolivia, Ecuador, Venezuela and Colombia. The execution of the Washington Consensus' program by democratically elected governments in the 1990's is pointed as aggravating the internal and external crisis that was initiated in the 1960's and 1970's, and deepened in the 1980's.

JOURNALISTIC COVERAGE OF POLITICAL AND FINANCIAL CRISES AND THE “ISSUE” OF POLITICAL CORRUPTION

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Isabel Ferin Cunha

2013-06-01

Full Text Available This article analyzes the relationship between news coverage, political communication, crises and corruption, focusing on Western democracies and particularly Portugal. Firstly, political communication and news coverage are discussed, based on the assumption that the commoditisation of the goals of media and information companies has resulted in changes in the balance between the political and media fields. Within this perspective, attention is devoted to the consequences of these changes in Western democracies, taking into consideration not only certain aspects that tend to subvert underlying principles of representative democracy, but also the emergence of new social movements craving greater democratic participation in the public sphere. In addition, this study examines the concepts of crisis and political corruption, seeking to identify the historical and cultural elements that correlate the two phenomena in Western democracies, especially in Portugal. Finally, it addresses the processes of exposing corruption phenomena and their legal implications, as well as the principles of transparency of information and the consequences upon democracy.

Journalistic coverage of political and financial crises and the “issue” of political corruption

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Isabel Ferin Cunha

2013-06-01

Full Text Available This article analyzes the relationship between news coverage, political communication, crises and corruption, focusing on Western democracies and particularly Portugal. Firstly, political communication and news coverage are discussed, based on the assumption that the commoditisation of the goals of media and information companies has resulted in changes in the balance between the political and media fields. Within this perspective, attention is devoted to the consequences of these changes in Western democracies, taking into consideration not only certain aspects that tend to subvert underlying principles of representative democracy, but also the emergence of new social movements craving greater democratic participation in the public sphere. In addition, this study examines the concepts of crisis and political corruption, seeking to identify the historical and cultural elements that correlate the two phenomena in Western democracies, especially in Portugal. Finally, it addresses the processes of exposing corruption phenomena and their legal implications, as well as the principles of transparency of information and the consequences upon democracy.

Strong influence of dietary intake and physical activity on body fatness in elderly Japanese men: age-associated loss of polygenic resistance against obesity.

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Tanisawa, Kumpei; Ito, Tomoko; Sun, Xiaomin; Ise, Ryuken; Oshima, Satomi; Cao, Zhen-Bo; Sakamoto, Shizuo; Tanaka, Masashi; Higuchi, Mitsuru

2014-09-01

Genome-wide association studies identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with body mass index (BMI) in middle-aged populations; however, it is unclear whether these SNPs are associated with body fatness in elderly people. We examined the association between genetic risk score (GRS) from BMI-associated SNPs and body fatness in elderly Japanese men. We also examined the contribution of GRS, dietary macronutrient intake, and physical activity to body fatness by different age groups. GRS was calculated from 10 BMI-associated SNPs in 84 middle-aged (30-64 years) and 97 elderly (65-79 years) Japanese men; subjects were divided into low, middle, and high GRS groups. Dietary macronutrient intake was assessed using a questionnaire, and physical activity was evaluated using both a questionnaire and an accelerometer. The middle-aged individuals with a high GRS had greater BMI; waist circumference; and total abdominal fat, visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat areas than the middle-aged individuals with low GRS, whereas the indicators were not different between the GRS groups in elderly individuals. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that GRS was the strongest predictor of BMI, total abdominal fat, and visceral fat in the middle-aged group, whereas fat, alcohol, and protein intakes or vigorous-intensity physical activity were more strongly associated with these indicators than was GRS in the elderly group. These results suggest that GRS from BMI-associated SNPs is not predictive of body fatness in elderly Japanese men. The stronger contribution of dietary macronutrient intake and physical activity to body fatness may attenuate the genetic predisposition in elderly men.

A GCH1 haplotype confers sex-specific susceptibility to pain crises and altered endothelial function in adults with sickle cell anemia

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Belfer, Inna; Youngblood, Victoria; Darbari, Deepika S.; Wang, Zhengyuan; Diaw, Lena; Freeman, Lita; Desai, Krupa; Dizon, Michael; Allen, Darlene; Cunnington, Colin; Channon, Keith M.; Milton, Jacqueline; Hartley, Stephen W.; Nolan, Vikki; Kato, Gregory J.; Steinberg, Martin H.; Goldman, David; Taylor, James G.

2014-01-01

GTP cyclohydrolase (GCH1) is rate limiting for tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis, where BH4 is a cofactor for nitric oxide (NO) synthases and aromatic hydroxylases. GCH1 polymorphisms are implicated in the pathophysiology of pain, but have not been investigated in African populations. We examined GCH1 and pain in sickle cell anemia where GCH1 rs8007267 was a risk factor for pain crises in discovery (n = 228; odds ratio [OR] 2.26; P = 0.009) and replication (n = 513; OR 2.23; P = 0.004) cohorts. In vitro, cells from sickle cell anemia subjects homozygous for the risk allele produced higher BH4. In vivo physiological studies of traits likely to be modulated by GCH1 showed rs8007267 is associated with altered endothelial dependent blood flow in females with SCA (8.42% of variation; P = 0.002). The GCH1 pain association is attributable to an African haplotype with where its sickle cell anemia pain association is limited to females (OR 2.69; 95% CI 1.21–5.94; P = 0.01) and has the opposite directional association described in Europeans independent of global admixture. The presence of a GCH1 haplotype with high BH4 in populations of African ancestry could explain the association of rs8007267 with sickle cell anemia pain crises. The vascular effects of GCH1 and BH4 may also have broader implications for cardiovascular disease in populations of African ancestry. PMID:24136375

The silent victims of humanitarian crises and livelihood (insecurity: A case study among migrants in two Chadian towns

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Syntyche Nakar Djindil

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Once a humanitarian disaster receives coverage in the global media, the international community usually mobilises to reduce the most severe consequences. However people in Chad are experiencing endemic crises that are detached from speci!c triggers, and they are not receiving any international assistance to help relieve the hardships they face. "is study involves 111 migrant households from central Chad that, as a result of war and drought, have lost everything and now have to live in squatter areas of N’Djamena and Mongo, facing uncertainty and threats while negotiating their livelihoods. Qualitative and quantitative methods have been combined in this study to reveal the intriguing story of their daily lives in the face of complex and endemic crises. Anthropometric and health data were generated to determine the nutritional status of mothers and their children under !ve. Life histories, in-depth interviews and participatory observation allowed the researchers to capture the negotiation strategies they use to access food and shelter, their experiences of food insecurity and sanitary vulnerability, and the consequences these have on daily life. Results indicate that 62% of households were female headed, there were high rates of acute (40-50% and chronic (35-40% malnutrition and 46% of the mothers were underweight and anaemic. Infant mortality rates were also high at 30%-42% and 97% of the children had had incomplete or no vaccinations. No households had access to clean water, sanitation or public-health services. Endemic corruption and abuse by the authorities were identi!ed as major sources of day-to-day insecurity. Theese migrants were not expecting any improvement in their livelihoods in the foreseeable future and saw these miserable conditions as normal.

Crise do estado e estilos de gestão municipal State crisis and styles of municipal gestion

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Klaus Frey

1996-01-01

Full Text Available Discute-se o papel da dimensão emotiva (em contraste com a racional no processo de participação política, com base no exame de dois estilos de administração municipal (Santos e Curitiba e tendo como pano de fundo a crise do Estado. Argumenta-se que a dimensão cultural é tão importante quanto a institucional em processos democráticos de reforma.The role of the emotive (as against rational dimension in the political participation process is discussed with regard to two styles of municipal management (Santos and Curitiba. It is argued that the cultural dimension is as important as the institutional one in democratic reform processes.

Modelli di crisi valutarie e misure di politica economica (Exchange Rate Crises Models and Economic Policy Measures

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Pompeo Della Posta

2012-04-01

Full Text Available  Some recent articles explain the Asian crisis almost exclusively in terms of "fundamentals". The role played by private sector's expectations, however, should also be considered. In my view, then, "escape clause" models exhibiting multiple equilibria within a grey area, especially when integrated with the possibility that expectations may change exogenously so as to modify the grey area itself, allow a better understanding of exchange rate crises. When considering the role played by expectations, the economic policy measures to be adopted in order to assure the stability of financial and currency markets differ from the remedies emerging when those aspects are ignored.        JEL Codes: F31, F32Keywords: Crisis, Exchange Rates

["Snow" and "Walpurgisnacht". Hans Castorp's exemplary maturation crises in "Zauberberg"].

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Heinrich, K; Walter, C

1995-01-01

On the occasion of a rather incidental visit in the sanatorium "Berghof" at Davos, Hans Castorp, the--as to his primary personality--asthenic and low-profile protagonist of the "Zauberberg" is gradually getting caught up in the maelstrom of the there prevailing timelessness and irresponsibility, this being interrupted solely by two tapering to crisis episodes: his amouressness to Mme. Chauchat as an erotic crisis and by the visionary daydream during a snowstorm about the abilities of men as a cognitive, mental crisis. Both events are triggered by a pathoid irritability, following the maxim of Th. Mann that illness, decay and death as borderline experiences may be the presupposition for cognition and reversal. Both crises end without consequences--the "Zauberberg" is the negation of the novel of education and development in the narrower sense. The unsuccessfulness and undecidedness of Hans Castorp's existence culminate in the open end of the novel, regarding his surviving on the battle field, and is in strict contrast to Adrian Leverkühn's determined autoinfection with Lues with the aim of artistic perfection and the creative break-through of "Doctor Faustus". Hans Castorp's regression and self-fragmentation within the decadent-morbid atmosphere of the sanatorium lead to his storming into the battles of the First World War as a last and existential crisis; it is here where finally the individual and national fate are merging. Hans Castorp becomes the paradigma of the German pre-war bourgeoisie and its crisis-prone development.

[Evaluation of the program "Strong families: love and limits" in families with teenagers aged 10 to 14 years].

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Corea V, M Loreto; Zubarew G, Tamara; Valenzuela M, M Teresa; Salas P, Francisca

2012-06-01

"Strong Families" is a family program aimed at preventing risk behaviors in adolescents from 10 to 14 years of age. It has been developed by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) and is based on the Iowa Strengthening Families Program. This program has been certified and has been proven to effectively prevent adolescent drug and alcohol abuse in several countries around the globe. To evaluate the Strong Families Program toward adjusting current parenting styles, aiming to decrease risk behaviors in Chilean adolescents. A quasi-experimental study involving 120 families, selected from 6 schools within the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, Chile. A group of 129 adolescents and 124 parents were chosen by convenience to be intervened. A control group of 223 adolescents and 165 parents were not intervened. The families that underwent intervention attended to 7 educational sessions. The intervened and control groups were evaluated before intervention as well as 6 months after intervention, by means of self-administered evaluation tools. The intervened parents showed significant parenting changes six months after intervention, which resulted in less yelling (p = 0.007), insults (p = 0.002) and lack of control when their children misbehaved (p = 0.008). Regarding the risk behaviors in the intervened and control adolescents, no changes were observed in terms of the consumption rate of tobacco, alcohol or illegal drug use, or in sexual risk behaviors. After six months of intervention, the Program proved to be effective in modifying parenting styles. However, no changes were observed in risk behaviors among adolescents, which could occur within a longer period of time, as reported in other studies.

[Emotional deprivation and narcissistic regulation--development and treatment of depressive crises in children and adolescents].

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du Bois, Reinmar

2007-01-01

This paper outlines developmental and treatment issues of depression in childhood and adolescence. Impairment of parental empathy based on emotional disturbances of a parent leads to adaptive reactions as the child is confronted with threats of loss and separation. Hereditary vulnerability as well as insecure attachment patterns and the effects of explicit trauma must be viewed as further facilitating factors. Anxiety in children and--with the advent of adolescence--suicidal behaviour are described as important tools for narcissistic regulation and reconciliation and for mobilising help. Accordingly the last section of the paper is dedicated to therapeutic approaches to adolescent despair, depression, risk taking and suicidal behaviour. Guiding suicidal adolescents out of their crises can be a tightrope walk between attempts to limit life threatening acting-out behaviours, leniency toward the patients' grandiosity along with sensitivity for narcissistic injuries and the building of a viable narcissistic transference.

Psicologia da Educação: uma disciplina em crise no pós-construtivismo

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Giovani Ferreira Bezerra

Full Text Available Este ensaio discute a existência de uma crise epistemológica recente na Psicologia da Educação, defendendo a ideia de que o descrédito atual quanto ao paradigma construtivista-cognitivista, de inspiração piagetiana, provocou, no meio educacional, uma reação negativa às contribuições da Psicologia da Educação para a práxis pedagógica e para a formação docente. Em contrapartida, sugere-se a busca por novos fundamentos epistemológicos, que devolvam a esta disciplina seu status científico, de uma perspectiva crítica, reflexiva e emancipadora. Para tanto, a abordagem da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural é apresentada como uma referência básica para se (repensar e ensinar, hoje, Psicologia da Educação.