Detection of Perkinsus marinus in the oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae in southern Bahia by proteomic analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thiago Ramos Pinto

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This study reports the presence of the pathogen Perkinsus marinus, notifiable to the World Organization for Animal Health (Office International des Èpizooties = OIE in the oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae in southern Bahia via proteomic analysis. We analyzed Crassostrea brasiliana from a long-line cultivation system and C. rhizophorae from an adjacent mangrove in Porto do Campo, Camamu Bay, Bahia, Brazil. The collections (n = 100 were performed in October 2012. In the laboratory, the oysters were measured and opened to remove the meat, which was steeped in dry ice. For extraction of proteins, adaptation of a protocol used for mussels was used, after which separation in the first dimension was taken by isoelectric focusing (IEF. The peptides were transferred to a Mass Spectrometer. The obtained spectra were analyzed with the ProteinLynx Global Server 4.2 software tool and also by MASCOT (Matrix Science and compared to the databases of the SWISSPROT and NCBI, respectively. The identification was evidenced by beta-tubulin, Perkinsus marinus ATCC 50983 and protein homology code in the database NCBI = gi | 294889481. This is the first record of P. marinus in Bahia and the fourth in Brazil.

Humanized HLA-DR4 mice fed with the protozoan pathogen of oysters Perkinsus marinus (Dermo do not develop noticeable pathology but elicit systemic immunity.

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Wathsala Wijayalath

Full Text Available Perkinsus marinus (Phylum Perkinsozoa is a marine protozoan parasite responsible for "Dermo" disease in oysters, which has caused extensive damage to the shellfish industry and estuarine environment. The infection prevalence has been estimated in some areas to be as high as 100%, often causing death of infected oysters within 1-2 years post-infection. Human consumption of the parasites via infected oysters is thus likely to occur, but to our knowledge the effect of oral consumption of P. marinus has not been investigated in humans or other mammals. To address the question we used humanized mice expressing HLA-DR4 molecules and lacking expression of mouse MHC-class II molecules (DR4.EA(0 in such a way that CD4 T cell responses are solely restricted by the human HLA-DR4 molecule. The DR4.EA(0 mice did not develop diarrhea or any detectable pathology in the gastrointestinal tract or lungs following single or repeated feedings with live P. marinus parasites. Furthermore, lymphocyte populations in the gut associated lymphoid tissue and spleen were unaltered in the parasite-fed mice ruling out local or systemic inflammation. Notably, naïve DR4.EA(0 mice had antibodies (IgM and IgG reacting against P. marinus parasites whereas parasite specific T cell responses were undetectable. Feeding with P. marinus boosted the antibody responses and stimulated specific cellular (IFNγ immunity to the oyster parasite. Our data indicate the ability of P. marinus parasites to induce systemic immunity in DR4.EA(0 mice without causing noticeable pathology, and support rationale grounds for using genetically engineered P. marinus as a new oral vaccine platform to induce systemic immunity against infectious agents.

Predicting the variation in Echinogammarus marinus at its southernmost limits under global warming scenarios: can the sex-ratio make a difference?

Science.gov (United States)

Guerra, Alexandra; Leite, Nuno; Marques, João Carlos; Ford, Alex T; Martins, Irene

2014-01-01

Understanding the environmental parameters that constrain the distribution of a species at its latitudinal extremes is critical for predicting how ecosystems react to climate change. Our first aim was to predict the variation in the amphipod populations of Echinogammarus marinus from the southernmost limit of its distribution under global warming scenarios. Our second aim was to test whether sex-ratio fluctuations - a mechanism frequently displayed by amphipods - respond to the variations in populations under altered climate conditions. To achieve these aims, scenarios were run with a validated model of E. marinus populations. Simulations were divided into: phase I - simulation of the effect of climate change on amphipod populations, and phase II - simulation of the effect of climate change on populations with male and female proportions. In both phases, temperature (T), salinity (S) and temperature and salinity (T-S) were tested. Results showed that E. marinus populations are highly sensitive to increases in temperature (>2 °C), which has adverse effects on amphipod recruitment and growth. Results from the climate change scenarios coupled with the sex-ratio fluctuations depended largely on the degree of female bias within population. Temperature increase of 2 °C had less impact on female-biased populations, particularly when conjugated with increases in salinity. Male-biased populations were highly sensitive to any variation in temperature and/or salinity; these populations exhibited a long-term decline in density. Simulations in which temperature increased more than 4 °C led to a continuous decline in the E. marinus population. According to this work, E. marinus populations at their southernmost limit are vulnerable to global warming. We anticipate that in Europe, temperature increases of 2 °C will incite a withdrawal of the population of 5°N from the amphipod species located at southernmost geographical borders. This effect is discussed in relation to the

Prevalence of Perkinsus marinus (dermo), Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX), and QPX in bivalves of Delaware's inland bays and quantitative, high-throughput diagnosis of dermo by QPCR.

Science.gov (United States)

Ulrich, Paul N; Ewart, John W; Marsh, Adam G

2007-01-01

Restoration of oyster reef habitat in the Inland Bays of Delaware was accompanied by an effort to detect and determine relative abundance of the bivalve pathogens Perkinsus marinus, Haplosporidium nelsoni, and QPX. Both the oyster Crassostrea virginica and the clam Mercenaria mercenaria were sampled from the bays. In addition, oysters were deployed at eight sites around the bays as sentinels for the three parasites. Perkinsus marinus prevalence was measured with a real-time, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methodology that enabled high-throughput detection of as few as 31 copies of the ribosomal non-transcribed spacer region in 500 ng oyster DNA. The other pathogens were assayed using PCR with species-specific primers. Perkinsus marinus was identified in Indian River Bay at moderate prevalence ( approximately 40%) in both an artificial reef and a wild oyster population whereas sentinel oysters were PCR-negative after 3-months exposure during summer and early fall. Haplosporidium nelsoni was restricted to one oyster deployed in Little Assawoman Bay. QPX and P. marinus were not detected among wild clams. While oysters in these bays have historically been under the greatest threat by MSX, it is apparent that P. marinus currently poses a greater threat to recovery of oyster aquaculture in Delaware's Inland Bays.

Prey or predator – expanding the food web role of sandeel (Ammodytes marinus)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Eigaard, Ole Ritzau; Deurs, Mikael van; Behrens, Jane

2014-01-01

We report an unexpected observation of lesser sandeel Ammodytes marinus foraging on juveniles and late larval stages of the same species. This recording sheds new light on the cannibalistic and piscivorous capacity of forage fish and raises a number of questions about the role of forage fish in m...

Perkinsus marinus, a protozoan parasite of the Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica): effects of temperature on the uptake and metabolism of fluorescent lipid analogs and lipase activities.

Science.gov (United States)

Chu, Fu-Lin E; Soudant, P; Lund, E D

2003-10-01

The effects of temperature on the uptake and metabolism of fluorescent labeled palmitic acid (FLC16) and phosphatidylcholine (FLPC) and lipase activities in the oyster protozoan parasite, Perkinsus marinus, meront stage were tested at 10, 18, and 28 degrees C. Temperature significantly affected not only the uptake, assimilation, and metabolism of both FLC16 and FLPC in P. marinus, but also its triacylglycerol (TAG) lipase activities. The incorporation of both FLC16 and FLPC increased with temperature and paralleled the increase in the amount of total fatty acids in P. marinus meront cultures. The incorporation of FLC16 was higher than FLPC at all temperatures. The percentage of FLC16 metabolized to TAG was significantly higher at higher temperatures. Trace amounts of incorporated FLC16 were detected in monoacylglycerol (MAG) and PC at 18 and 28 degrees C. P. marinus meronts metabolized FLPC to TAG, diacylglycerol (DAG), monoacylglycerol (MAG), free fatty acids (FFA), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and cardiolipin (CL). The conversion of FLPC to TAG and PE was highest at 28 degrees C. The relative proportions of individual fatty acids and total saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids changed with temperatures. While total saturated fatty acids (SAFAs) increased with temperature, total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) decreased with temperature. Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) increased from 28 to 18 degrees C. The findings of increase of total SAFAs and decrease of total MUFAs with the increase of temperatures and upward shift of total PUFAs from 28 to 18 degrees C suggest that, as in other organisms, P. marinus is capable of adapting to changes in environmental temperatures by modifying its lipid metabolism. Generally, higher lipase activities were noted at higher cultivation temperatures. Both TAG lipase and phospholipase activities were detected in P. marinus cells and their extra cellular products (ECP), but phospholipase

DETEKSI GEN-GEN PENYANDI FAKTOR VIRULENSI PADA BAKTERI VIBRIO

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Ince Ayu Khairani Kadriah

2011-04-01

menggunakan isolat bakteri yang diisolasi dari budidaya udang windu di berbagai daerah di Sulawesi Selatan dan Jawa. Pada penelitian ini digunakan primer spesifik untuk mendeteksi gen-gen virulen toxR gene, hemolysin (vvh gene, dan GyrB gene dengan metode PCR. Dari 35 isolat yang diisolasi, 20 isolat terdeteksi memiliki gen virulensi dan 8 di antaranya memiliki dua gen virulen. Spesies bakteri yang memiliki gen virulen adalah: V.harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. mimicus, dan V. campbelli

Development of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) larvicides

Science.gov (United States)

Howell, John H.; Lech, John J.; Allen, John L.

1980-01-01

Larvicides are used to control sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Great Lakes. These larvicides are useful because they are more toxic to sea lamprey than fish species found in the same habitat. The lampricides come from two classes of chemical compounds: (1) halonitrophenols, and (2) halonitrosalicylanilides. Selectivity of the larvicides appears to be based on the differences in the ability of sea lamprey larvae and fishes to detoxify and/or excrete the chemicals. Glucuronide conjugation is an important mechanism for detoxification of these larvicides by fish, and selectivity of larvicides may be due to differences in glucuronyl transferase activity between lamprey and fishes. If more detailed information were available on uptake, metabolism, excretion, and the biochemistry and physiology of lamprey as compared to fishes, it might be possible to design chemicals that would be more selective than those now in use.

New records of philometrids (Nematoda: Philometridae) from marine fishes off Australia, including description of four new species and erection of Digitiphilometroides gen. n.

Science.gov (United States)

Moravec, Frantisek; Barton, Diane P

2018-04-16

The following six species of the Philometridae (Nematoda: Dracunculoidea) were recorded from marine fishes off the northern coast of Australia in 2015 and 2016: Philometra arafurensis sp. n. and Philometra papillicaudata sp. n. from the ovary and the tissue behind the gills, respectively, of the emperor red snapper Lutjanus sebae (Cuvier); Philometra mawsonae sp. n. and Dentiphilometra malabarici sp. n. from the ovary and the tissue behind the gills, respectively, of the Malabar blood snapper Lutjanus malabaricus (Bloch et Schneider); Philometra sp. from the ovary of the goldbanded jobfish Pristipomoides multidens (Day) (Perciformes: all Lutjanidae); and Digitiphilometroides marinus (Moravec et de Buron, 2009) comb. n. from the body cavity of the cobia Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus) (Perciformes: Rachycentridae). Digitiphilometroides gen. n. is established based on the presence of unique digital cuticular ornamentations on the female body. New gonad-infecting species, P. arafurensis and P. mawsonae, are characterised mainly by the length of spicules (252-264 µm and 351-435 µm, respectively) and the structure of the gubernaculum, whereas P. papillicaudata is characterised mainly by the body length (70 mm) of gravid female, extent of the oesophageal gland, size of caudal projections and the location in the host. Dentiphilometra malabarici differs from congeners mainly in the arrangement of circumoral teeth (in a single row), extent of the oesophageal gland and the absence of sclerotised teeth or protuberances on the oesophageal lobes in the mouth. Digitiphilometroides marinus has not previously been reported from fishes in Australian waters.

SEASONAL VARIATION OF Perkinsus marinus IN THE AMERICAN OYSTER Crassostrea virginica FROM THE CARMEN-MACHONA PAJONAL LAGOON SYSTEM IN TABASCO, MEXICO

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Sergio Curiel-Ramírez-Gutiérrez

2012-11-01

Full Text Available In the Gulf of Mexico, the fishery of the oyster Crassostrea virginica is the main resource for you capture volume (42, 796 t. This resource is affected by the disease of the Dermo, which has been little studied in the Gulf of Mexico. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and grade of infection of Perkinsus marinus in Tabasco. Samples were realized by Fluid Thioglycolate medium (MFT, histopathology and PCR in oysters of six banks in the lagoon system Carmen-Machona-Pajonal, Tabasco. The results of the MFT after incubation, showed hipnosporas of blue-black. The histopathological analysis revealed alterations in the tissues connective and epithelial, as well as the forms characteristic of P. marinus, such as tomontes and trophozoites. The identity of the parasite was confirmed by PCR analysis. The prevalence of P. marinus registered in times of rain, north-wind and dry was 73.3, 90 and 100%; the degree of infection was 2, 3 and 5 on the scale of Mackin, respectively. There is a relationship of the prevalence and intensity of the infection with respect to increased temperature and salinity, where the dry season was most critical.

Taxonomic dissection of the genus Micrococcus: Kocuria gen. nov., Nesterenkonia gen. nov., Kytococcus gen. nov., Dermacoccus gen. nov., and Micrococcus Cohn 1872 gen. emend.

Science.gov (United States)

Stackebrandt, E; Koch, C; Gvozdiak, O; Schumann, P

1995-10-01

The results of a phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analysis of the genus Micrococcus indicated that it is significantly heterogeneous. Except for Micrococcus lylae, no species groups phylogenetically with the type species of the genus, Micrococcus luteus. The other members of the genus form three separate phylogenetic lines which on the basis of chemotaxonomic properties can be assigned to four genera. These genera are the genus Kocuria gen. nov. for Micrococcus roseus, Micrococcus varians, and Micrococcus kristinae, described as Kocuria rosea comb. nov., Kocuria varians comb. nov., and Kocuria kristinae comb. nov., respectively; the genus Nesterenkonia gen. nov. for Micrococcus halobius, described as Nesterenkonia halobia comb. nov.; the genus Nesterenkonia gen. nov. for Micrococcus halobius, described as Nesterenkonia halobia comb. nov.; the genus Dermacoccus gen. nov. for Micrococcus nishinomiyaensis, described as Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis comb. nov.; and the genus Kytocossus gen. nov. for Micrococcus sedentarius, described as Kytococcus sedentarius comb. nov. M. luteus and M. lylae, which are closely related phylogenetically but differ in some chemotaxonomic properties, are the only species that remain in the genus Micrococcus Cohn 1872. An emended description of the genus Micrococcus is given [corrected].

Carbon use efficiencies and allocation strategies in Prochlorococcus marinus strain PCC 9511 during nitrogen-limited growth

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Felcmanová, Kristina; Lukeš, Martin; Kotabová, Eva; Lawrenz, Evelyn; Halsey, K.H.; Prášil, Ondřej

2017-01-01

Roč. 134, č. 1 (2017), s. 71-82 ISSN 0166-8595 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) LO1416; GA MŠk(CZ) LH11064 Institutional support: RVO:61388971 Keywords : Prochlorococcus marinus * Cyanobacteria * Primary production Subject RIV: EE - Microbiology, Virology OBOR OECD: Microbiology Impact factor: 3.864, year: 2016

Population dynamics of the Gyrinid beetle Gyrinus marinus Gyll. (Coleoptera, Gyrinidae) with special reference to its dispersal activities

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Eijk, van der R.H.

1987-01-01

Data concerning reproduction, survival and dispersal of the whirligig water beetle Gyrinus marinus Gyll . were collected between 1974 and 1983 by observations and experiments in the laboratory and in a field area with about 10 populations distributed over 15

GABA and GABA-Alanine from the Red Microalgae Rhodosorus marinus Exhibit a Significant Neuro-Soothing Activity through Inhibition of Neuro-Inflammation Mediators and Positive Regulation of TRPV1-Related Skin Sensitization

Science.gov (United States)

Scandolera, Amandine; Hubert, Jane; Humeau, Anne; Lambert, Carole; De Bizemont, Audrey; Winkel, Chris; Kaouas, Abdelmajid; Renault, Jean-Hugues; Reynaud, Romain

2018-01-01

The aim of the present study was to investigate the neuro-soothing activity of a water-soluble hydrolysate obtained from the red microalgae Rhodosorus marinus Geitler (Stylonemataceae). Transcriptomic analysis performed on ≈100 genes related to skin biological functions firstly revealed that the crude Rhodosorus marinus extract was able to significantly negatively modulate specific genes involved in pro-inflammation (interleukin 1α encoding gene, IL1A) and pain detection related to tissue inflammation (nerve growth factor NGF and its receptor NGFR). An in vitro model of normal human keratinocytes was then used to evaluate the ability of the Rhodosorus marinus extract to control the release of neuro-inflammation mediators under phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced inflammatory conditions. The extract incorporated at 1% and 3% significantly inhibited the release of IL-1α and NGF secretion. These results were confirmed in a co-culture system of reconstructed human epithelium and normal human epidermal keratinocytes on which a cream formulated with the Rhodosorus marinus extract at 1% and 3% was topically applied after systemic induction of neuro-inflammation. Finally, an in vitro model of normal human astrocytes was developed for the evaluation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor modulation, mimicking pain sensing related to neuro-inflammation as observed in sensitive skins. Treatment with the Rhodosorus marinus extract at 1% and 3% significantly decreased PMA-mediated TRPV1 over-expression. In parallel with these biological experiments, the crude Rhodosorus marinus extract was fractionated by centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) and chemically profiled by a recently developed 13C NMR-based dereplication method. The CPC-generated fractions as well as pure metabolites were tested again in vitro in an attempt to identify the biologically active constituents involved in the neuro-soothing activity of the Rhodosorus marinus extract

GABA and GABA-Alanine from the Red Microalgae Rhodosorus marinus Exhibit a Significant Neuro-Soothing Activity through Inhibition of Neuro-Inflammation Mediators and Positive Regulation of TRPV1-Related Skin Sensitization

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Amandine Scandolera

2018-03-01

Full Text Available The aim of the present study was to investigate the neuro-soothing activity of a water-soluble hydrolysate obtained from the red microalgae Rhodosorus marinus Geitler (Stylonemataceae. Transcriptomic analysis performed on ≈100 genes related to skin biological functions firstly revealed that the crude Rhodosorus marinus extract was able to significantly negatively modulate specific genes involved in pro-inflammation (interleukin 1α encoding gene, IL1A and pain detection related to tissue inflammation (nerve growth factor NGF and its receptor NGFR. An in vitro model of normal human keratinocytes was then used to evaluate the ability of the Rhodosorus marinus extract to control the release of neuro-inflammation mediators under phorbol myristate acetate (PMA-induced inflammatory conditions. The extract incorporated at 1% and 3% significantly inhibited the release of IL-1α and NGF secretion. These results were confirmed in a co-culture system of reconstructed human epithelium and normal human epidermal keratinocytes on which a cream formulated with the Rhodosorus marinus extract at 1% and 3% was topically applied after systemic induction of neuro-inflammation. Finally, an in vitro model of normal human astrocytes was developed for the evaluation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1 receptor modulation, mimicking pain sensing related to neuro-inflammation as observed in sensitive skins. Treatment with the Rhodosorus marinus extract at 1% and 3% significantly decreased PMA-mediated TRPV1 over-expression. In parallel with these biological experiments, the crude Rhodosorus marinus extract was fractionated by centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC and chemically profiled by a recently developed 13C NMR-based dereplication method. The CPC-generated fractions as well as pure metabolites were tested again in vitro in an attempt to identify the biologically active constituents involved in the neuro-soothing activity of the Rhodosorus

GenBank

OpenAIRE

Benson, Dennis A.; Karsch-Mizrachi, Ilene; Lipman, David J.; Ostell, James; Rapp, Barbara A.; Wheeler, David L.

2002-01-01

The GenBank sequence database incorporates publicly available DNA sequences of more than 105 000 different organisms, primarily through direct submission of sequence data from individual laboratories and large-scale sequencing projects. Most submissions are made using the BankIt (web) or Sequin programs and accession numbers are assigned by GenBank staff upon receipt. Data exchange with the EMBL Data Library and the DNA Data Bank of Japan helps ensure comprehensive worldwide coverage. GenBank...

GenBank

Data.gov (United States)

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services — GenBank is the NIH genetic sequence database, an annotated collection of all publicly available DNA sequences. GenBank is designed to provide and encourage access...

PROGRESSION OF DISEASES CAUSED BY THE OYSTER PARASITES, PERKINSUS MARINUS AND HAPLOSPORIDIUM NELSONI, IN CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA ON CONSTRUCTED INTERTIDAL REEFS

Science.gov (United States)

The progression of diseases caused by the oyster parasites, Perkinsus marinus and Haplosporidium nelsoni, were evaluated by periodic sampling (May 1994-Dec. 1995) of oysters, Crassostrea virginica, that set on an artificial reef located in the Piankatank River, Virginia, in Augus...

Algoritmos genéticos locales

OpenAIRE

García-Martínez, Carlos; Lozano, Manuel

2007-01-01

Los Algoritmos Genéticos Locales son procedimientos que iterativamente re nan soluciones dadas. Su diferencia con procedimientos de mejora iterativa clásicos reside en el uso de operadores genéticos para realizar el re namiento. En este estudio presentamos un nuevo Algoritmo Genético Local Binario basado en un Algoritmo Genético Estacionario. Hemos comparado el Algoritmo Genético Local Binario con otros procedimientos de mejora iterativa de la literatura. Los res...

The Effects of the Toxic Cyanobacterium Limnothrix (Strain AC0243 on Bufo marinus Larvae

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Olivia Daniels

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Limnothrix (strain AC0243 is a cyanobacterium, which has only recently been identified as toxin producing. Under laboratory conditions, Bufo marinus larvae were exposed to 100,000 cells mL−1 of Limnothrix (strain AC0243 live cultures for seven days. Histological examinations were conducted post mortem and revealed damage to the notochord, eyes, brain, liver, kidney, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and heart. The histopathological results highlight the toxicological impact of this strain, particularly during developmental stages. Toxicological similarities to β-N-Methylamino-L-alanine are discussed.

The Effects of the Toxic Cyanobacterium Limnothrix (Strain AC0243) on Bufo marinus Larvae

Science.gov (United States)

Daniels, Olivia; Fabbro, Larelle; Makiela, Sandrine

2014-01-01

Limnothrix (strain AC0243) is a cyanobacterium, which has only recently been identified as toxin producing. Under laboratory conditions, Bufo marinus larvae were exposed to 100,000 cells mL−1 of Limnothrix (strain AC0243) live cultures for seven days. Histological examinations were conducted post mortem and revealed damage to the notochord, eyes, brain, liver, kidney, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and heart. The histopathological results highlight the toxicological impact of this strain, particularly during developmental stages. Toxicological similarities to β-N-Methylamino-l-alanine are discussed. PMID:24662524

Divergência genética entre genótipos de frangos tipo caipira

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R. C. Veloso

2015-10-01

Full Text Available RESUMOObjetivou-se com este trabalho verificar a divergência genética entre sete genótipos de frangos tipo caipira da linhagem Redbro utilizando as características de desempenho por meio de técnicas de análise multivariada. Foram utilizados 840 pintos de um dia, machos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, dos seguintes genótipos: Caboclo, Carijó, Colorpak, Gigante Negro, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor. Após a consistência dos dados, foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: ganho em peso médio diário, consumo de ração médio diário e conversão alimentar, para os períodos: 1 a 28, 1 a 56, 1 a 70 e 1 a 84 dias de idade; peso corporal ao nascimento, aos 28, 56, 70 e aos 84 dias de idade. O desempenho dos genótipos foi avaliado por meio da análise de variância multivariada e da função discriminante linear de Fisher, usando os testes do maior autovalor de Roy e da união-interseção de Roy para as comparações múltiplas. O estudo da divergência genética foi feito por meio da análise por variáveis canônicas e pelo método de otimização de Tocher. Os genótipos Caboclo e Gigante Negro apresentaram médias canônicas diferentes dos demais genótipos. As duas primeiras variáveis canônicas explicaram 97,41% da variação entre os genótipos. A divergência genética entre os genótipos avaliados permitiu a formação de quatro grupos com os seguintes genótipos: grupo 1 - Colorpak; grupo 2 - Pesadão Vermelho e Pescoço Pelado; grupo 3 - Carijó e Tricolor; e grupo 4 - Caboclo e Gigante Negro.

Flow cytometric analysis of lectin binding to in vitro-cultured Perkinsus marinus surface carbohydrates

Science.gov (United States)

Gauthier, J.D.; Jenkins, J.A.; La Peyre, Jerome F.

2004-01-01

Parasite surface glycoconjugates are frequently involved in cellular recognition and colonization of the host. This study reports on the identification of Perkinsus marinus surface carbohydrates by flow cytometric analyses of fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated lectin binding. Lectin-binding specificity was confirmed by sugar inhibition and Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistics. Clear, measurable fluorescence peaks were discriminated, and no parasite autofluorescence was observed. Parasites (GTLA-5 and Perkinsus-1 strains) harvested during log and stationary phases of growth in a protein-free medium reacted strongly with concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin, which bind to glucose-mannose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) moieties, respectively. Both P. marinus strains bound with lower intensity to Maclura pomifera agglutinin, Bauhinia purpurea agglutinin, soybean agglutinin (N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-specific lectins), peanut agglutinin (PNA) (terminal galactose specific), and Griffonia simplicifolia II (GlcNAc specific). Only background fluorescence levels were detected with Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (L-fucose specific) and Limulus polyphemus agglutinin (sialic acid specific). The lectin-binding profiles were similar for the 2 strains except for a greater relative binding intensity of PNA for Perkinsus-1 and an overall greater lectin-binding capacity of Perkinsus-1 compared with GTLA-5. Growth stage comparisons revealed increased lectin-binding intensities during stationary phase compared with log phase of growth. This is the first report of the identification of surface glycoconjugates on a Perkinsus spp. by flow cytometry and the first to demonstrate that differential surface sugar expression is growth phase and strain dependent. ?? American Society of Parasitologists 2004.

GenBank

OpenAIRE

Benson, Dennis A.; Cavanaugh, Mark; Clark, Karen; Karsch-Mizrachi, Ilene; Lipman, David J.; Ostell, James; Sayers, Eric W.

2012-01-01

GenBank? (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) is a comprehensive database that contains publicly available nucleotide sequences for almost 260 000 formally described species. These sequences are obtained primarily through submissions from individual laboratories and batch submissions from large-scale sequencing projects, including whole-genome shotgun (WGS) and environmental sampling projects. Most submissions are made using the web-based BankIt or standalone Sequin programs, and GenBank staff assig...

Investigation into the Physiological Significance of the Phytohormone Abscisic Acid in Perkinsus marinus, an Oyster Parasite Harboring a Nonphotosynthetic Plastid.

Science.gov (United States)

Sakamoto, Hirokazu; Suzuki, Shigeo; Nagamune, Kisaburo; Kita, Kiyoshi; Matsuzaki, Motomichi

2017-07-01

Some organisms have retained plastids even after they have lost the ability to photosynthesize. Several studies of nonphotosynthetic plastids in apicomplexan parasites have shown that the isopentenyl pyrophosphate biosynthesis pathway in the organelle is essential for their survival. A phytohormone, abscisic acid, one of several compounds biosynthesized from isopentenyl pyrophosphate, regulates the parasite cell cycle. Thus, it is possible that the phytohormone is universally crucial, even in nonphotosynthetic plastids. Here, we examined this possibility using the oyster parasite Perkinsus marinus, which is a plastid-harboring cousin of apicomplexan parasites and has independently lost photosynthetic ability. Fluridone, an inhibitor of abscisic acid biosynthesis, blocked parasite growth and induced cell clustering. Nevertheless, abscisic acid and its intermediate carotenoids did not affect parasite growth or rescue the parasite from inhibition. Moreover, abscisic acid was not detected from the parasite using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Our findings show that abscisic acid does not play any significant roles in P. marinus. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society of Protistologists.

GenBank

OpenAIRE

Benson, Dennis A.; Karsch-Mizrachi, Ilene; Lipman, David J.; Ostell, James; Sayers, Eric W.

2008-01-01

GenBank? is a comprehensive database that contains publicly available nucleotide sequences for more than 300 000 organisms named at the genus level or lower, obtained primarily through submissions from individual laboratories and batch submissions from large-scale sequencing projects. Most submissions are made using the web-based BankIt or standalone Sequin programs, and accession numbers are assigned by GenBank? staff upon receipt. Daily data exchange with the European Molecular Biology Labo...

GenBank

OpenAIRE

Benson, Dennis A.; Karsch-Mizrachi, Ilene; Lipman, David J.; Ostell, James; Wheeler, David L.

2006-01-01

GenBank (R) is a comprehensive database that contains publicly available nucleotide sequences for more than 240 000 named organisms, obtained primarily through submissions from individual laboratories and batch submissions from large-scale sequencing projects. Most submissions are made using the web-based BankIt or standalone Sequin programs and accession numbers are assigned by GenBank staff upon receipt. Daily data exchange with the EMBL Data Library in Europe and the DNA Data Bank of Japan...

Does DNA methylation regulate metamorphosis? The case of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) as an example.

Science.gov (United States)

Covelo-Soto, Lara; Saura, María; Morán, Paloma

2015-07-01

Lampreys represent one of the most ancient vertebrate lineages enclosing a special interest for genetic and epigenetic studies. The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) is an anadromous species that experiences metamorphosis all the way up to the adult stage. Although representing a gradual process, metamorphosis in this species involves dramatic conversions with regard to physiological together with structural body changes preparing individuals for a marine and parasitic life; in consequence, multiple gene expression modifications are expected. The implications of thyroid hormones and HOX gene expression changes have previously been reported in this species and also in other vertebrate species. Nonetheless, information lacks on how these genes are regulated in lampreys. We here report about the existence of methylation pattern differences between the adult and the larvae sea lamprey life cycle stages making use of the Methylation-Sensitive Amplified Polymorphism (MSAP) technique. Differentially methylated fragment sequencing allowed to establish homologous identities with HOX genes involved in morphogenesis, along with genes related to the water balance and to the osmotic homoeostasis, all associated to a marine environment adaptation. These results provide evidences revealing that DNA methylation plays a role in the epigenetic regulation of the P. marinus post-natal development representing a starting point for future studies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study which detects DNA methylation changes associated with metamorphosis in lampreys. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Divergência, variabilidade genética e desempenho agronômico em genótipos de couve.

OpenAIRE

Azevedo, Alcinei Mistico

2012-01-01

Embora haja grande variabilidade genética para a couve, são poucos trabalhos no Brasil que visão obter informações para programas de melhoramento genético nesta cultura. Assim, objetivou-se neste trabalho caracterizar 30 genótipos de couve a partir de caracteres morfo-agronômicos para estimar a divergência genética, a importância dos caracteres para a divergência, o desempenho agronômico, os parâmetros genéticos e a correlação entre as características avaliadas. O experimento foi conduzido na...

Market share scenarios for Gen-DIII and gen-IV reactors in Europe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roelofs, F.; Heek, A. V.; Durpel, L. V. D.

2008-01-01

Nuclear energy is back on the agenda worldwide in order to meet growing energy demand and especially the growth in electricity demand. Many objectives direct to an increased use of nuclear energy, i.e. minimising energy costs, reducing climate change effects and others. In the light of the potential renewed growth of nuclear energy, the public demands a clear view on what nuclear energy may contribute towards meeting these objectives and especially how nuclear energy may address some socio-political obstructions with respect to economics, radioactive waste, safety and proliferation of fissile materials. To address these questions, the future nuclear reactor park mix in Europe has been analysed applying an integrated dynamic process modelling technique. Various market share scenarios for nuclear energy are derived including sub-variants with regard to the intra-nuclear options. In the analyses, it is assumed that different types of new reactors may be built, taking into account the introduction date of considered Gen-Ill (i.e. EPR) and Gen-IV (i.e. SCWR, HTR, FR) reactors, and the economic evaluation of the complete fuel cycle. The assessment was undertaken using the DANESS code (Dynamic Analysis of Nuclear Energy System Strategies). The analyses show that given the considered realistic nuclear energy demand and given a limited number of available Gen-III and Gen-IV reactor types, the future European nuclear park will exist of combinations of Gen-III and Gen-IV reactors. This mix will always consist of a set of reactor types each having its specific strengths. The analyses also highlight the triggers influencing the choice between different nuclear energy deployment scenarios. (authors)

Associations between land use and Perkinsus marinus infection of eastern oysters in a high salinity, partially urbanized estuary

Science.gov (United States)

Gray, Brian R.; Bushek, David; Drane, J. Wanzer; Porter, Dwayne

2009-01-01

Infection levels of eastern oysters by the unicellular pathogen Perkinsus marinus have been associated with anthropogenic influences in laboratory studies. However, these relationships have been difficult to investigate in the field because anthropogenic inputs are often associated with natural influences such as freshwater inflow, which can also affect infection levels. We addressed P. marinus-land use associations using field-collected data from Murrells Inlet, South Carolina, USA, a developed, coastal estuary with relatively minor freshwater inputs. Ten oysters from each of 30 reefs were sampled quarterly in each of 2 years. Distances to nearest urbanized land class and to nearest stormwater outfall were measured via both tidal creeks and an elaboration of Euclidean distance. As the forms of any associations between oyster infection and distance to urbanization were unknown a priori, we used data from the first and second years of the study as exploratory and confirmatory datasets, respectively. With one exception, quarterly land use associations identified using the exploratory dataset were not confirmed using the confirmatory dataset. The exception was an association between the prevalence of moderate to high infection levels in winter and decreasing distance to nearest urban land use. Given that the study design appeared adequate to detect effects inferred from the exploratory dataset, these results suggest that effects of land use gradients were largely insubstantial or were ephemeral with duration less than 3 months.

Myofibril Changes in the Copepod Pseudodiaptomus marinus Exposed to Haline and Thermal Stresses.

Science.gov (United States)

Ibrahim, Ali; Souissi, Anissa; Leray, Aymeric; Héliot, Laurent; Vandenbunder, Bernard; Souissi, Sami

2016-01-01

Copepods are small crustaceans capable to survive in various aquatic environments. Their responses to changes in different external factors such as salinity and temperature can be observed at different integration levels from copepod genes to copepod communities. Until now, no thorough observation of the temperature or salinity effect stresses on copepods has been done by optical microscopy. In this study, we used autofluorescence to visualize these effects on the morphology of the calanoid copepod Pseudodiaptomus marinus maintained during several generations in the laboratory at favorable and stable conditions of salinity (30 psu) and temperature (18°C). Four different stress experiments were conducted: at a sharp decrease in temperature (18 to 4°C), a moderate decrease in salinity (from 30 to 15 psu), a major decrease in salinity (from 30 to 0 psu), and finally a combined stress with a decrease in both temperature and salinity (from 18°C and 30 psu to 4°C and 0 psu). After these stresses, images acquired by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed changes in copepod cuticle and muscle structure. Low salinity and/or temperature stresses affected both the detection of fluorescence emitted by muscle sarcomeres and the distance between them. In the remaining paper we will use the term sarcomeres to describe the elements located within sarcomeres and emitted autofluorescence signals. Quantitative study showed an increase in the average distance between two consecutive sarcomeres from 2.06 +/- 0.11 μm to 2.44 +/- 0.42 μm and 2.88 +/- 0.45μm after the exposure to major haline stress (18°C, 0 psu) and the combined stress (4°C, 0 psu), respectively. These stresses also caused cuticle cracks which often occurred at the same location, suggesting the cuticle as a sensitive area for osmoregulation. Our results suggest the use of cuticular and muscle autofluorescence as new biomarkers of stress detectable in formalin-preserved P. marinus individuals. Our

GenLab, Laboratorio Virtual de Genética

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fidel Ramírez

2000-07-01

Full Text Available GenLab es el nombre que tiene el software diseñado por nosotros, en el cual se modela el proceso meiótico y la fecundación en organismos diploides. El objetivo de esta aplicación es ilustrar el resultado de un cruce determinado, tratando de ser lo más ajustados a la realidad. La modelación de la reproducción sexual se realiza internamente y el GenLab se limita a presentar los resultados según el número de descendencia seleccionado para un cruce específico, esto significa que se puede escoger una gran cantidad de características para los parentales y se puede estudiar la frecuencia de estos en la descendencia. El modelo cuenta con base de datos donde están almacenados algunos de los locus de Drosophila melanogaster junto con su ubicación en centimorgans 1. EI propósito de este modelo es servir como herramienta pedagógica  y didáctica tanto en universidades como en colegios, facilitando el aprendizaje de algunos principios básicos de la genética, por lo cual puede ser usado si se cuenta con una conexión a Internet y un navegador visitando http://biologia.unal.edu.co/fidel.

Seleção de genótipos parentais de acerola com base na divergência genética multivariada

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

CARPENTIERI-PÍPOLO VALÉRIA

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar e selecionar genótipos parentais de acerola (Malpighia emarginata L. adequadas a programas de melhoramento genético. Nove caracteres quantitativos de maior importância agronômica foram usados para determinação da distância genética e formação de grupos similares de acessos. O agrupamento pelo método de Tocher, a partir das distâncias generalizadas de Mahalanobis, possibilitou a divisão de 14 genótipos em três grupos. Com base na divergência genética e no caráter agronômico-chave (teor de vitamina C, destacaram-se como mais promissores os cruzamentos dos genótipos: AM Mole pertencente ao grupo III, com os genótipos PR AM, N° 18, PR 17, PR 16, Eclipse, AM 22 e Dominga, todos pertencentes ao grupo I.

Elimination of super(14)C-bisazir residues in adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

Science.gov (United States)

Allen, J.L.; Dawson, V.K.

1987-01-01

Bisazir (P.P-bis(1-aziridinyl)-N-methylphosphinothioic amide), a chemosterilant, was administered to sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus ) by intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg or by immersion for 2 h in a 100- mg/L aqueous solution of the chemical. Whole body analysis of the injected lampreys showed that total residue concentrations decreased to 4.65 in males and 10.07 in females during the first day after injection, and to 1.46 in males and 3.74 in females after 10 days of withdrawal. Lampreys exposed by bath immersion contained residues of about 25 mu g/g of tissue immediately after exposure. The concentration ( mu g/g) decreased to 1.02 in males and 2.11 in females after 1 day of withdrawal and to 0.51 in males and 0.85 in females after 10 days.

Stone-dwelling actinobacteria Blastococcus saxobsidens, Modestobacter marinus and Geodermatophilus obscurus proteogenomes

KAUST Repository

Sghaier, Haïtham

2015-06-30

The Geodermatophilaceae are unique model systems to study the ability to thrive on or within stones and their proteogenomes (referring to the whole protein arsenal encoded by the genome) could provide important insight into their adaptation mechanisms. Here we report the detailed comparative genome analysis of Blastococcus saxobsidens (Bs), Modestobacter marinus (Mm) and Geodermatophilus obscurus (Go) isolated respectively from the interior and the surface of calcarenite stones and from desert sandy soils. The genome-scale analysis of Bs, Mm and Go illustrates how adaptation to these niches can be achieved through various strategies including ‘molecular tinkering/opportunism’ as shown by the high proportion of lost, duplicated or horizontally transferred genes and ORFans. Using high-throughput discovery proteomics, the three proteomes under unstressed conditions were analyzed, highlighting the most abundant biomarkers and the main protein factors. Proteomic data corroborated previously demonstrated stone-related ecological distribution. For instance, these data showed starvation-inducible, biofilm-related and DNA-protection proteins as signatures of the microbes associated with the interior, surface and outside of stones, respectively.

Stone-dwelling actinobacteria Blastococcus saxobsidens, Modestobacter marinus and Geodermatophilus obscurus proteogenomes

KAUST Repository

Sghaier, Haï tham; Hezbri, Karima; Ghodhbane-Gtari, Faten; Pujic, Petar; Sen, Arnab; Daffonchio, Daniele; Boudabous, Abdellatif; Tisa, Louis S; Klenk, Hans-Peter; Armengaud, Jean; Normand, Philippe; Gtari, Maher

2015-01-01

The Geodermatophilaceae are unique model systems to study the ability to thrive on or within stones and their proteogenomes (referring to the whole protein arsenal encoded by the genome) could provide important insight into their adaptation mechanisms. Here we report the detailed comparative genome analysis of Blastococcus saxobsidens (Bs), Modestobacter marinus (Mm) and Geodermatophilus obscurus (Go) isolated respectively from the interior and the surface of calcarenite stones and from desert sandy soils. The genome-scale analysis of Bs, Mm and Go illustrates how adaptation to these niches can be achieved through various strategies including ‘molecular tinkering/opportunism’ as shown by the high proportion of lost, duplicated or horizontally transferred genes and ORFans. Using high-throughput discovery proteomics, the three proteomes under unstressed conditions were analyzed, highlighting the most abundant biomarkers and the main protein factors. Proteomic data corroborated previously demonstrated stone-related ecological distribution. For instance, these data showed starvation-inducible, biofilm-related and DNA-protection proteins as signatures of the microbes associated with the interior, surface and outside of stones, respectively.

FutureGen Project Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cabe, Jim; Elliott, Mike

2010-09-30

This report summarizes the comprehensive siting, permitting, engineering, design, and costing activities completed by the FutureGen Industrial Alliance, the Department of Energy, and associated supporting subcontractors to develop a first of a kind near zero emissions integrated gasification combined cycle power plant and carbon capture and storage project (IGCC-CCS). With the goal to design, build, and reliably operate the first IGCC-CCS facility, FutureGen would have been the lowest emitting pulverized coal power plant in the world, while providing a timely and relevant basis for coal combustion power plants deploying carbon capture in the future. The content of this report summarizes key findings and results of applicable project evaluations; modeling, design, and engineering assessments; cost estimate reports; and schedule and risk mitigation from initiation of the FutureGen project through final flow sheet analyses including capital and operating reports completed under DOE award DE-FE0000587. This project report necessarily builds upon previously completed siting, design, and development work executed under DOE award DE-FC26- 06NT4207 which included the siting process; environmental permitting, compliance, and mitigation under the National Environmental Policy Act; and development of conceptual and design basis documentation for the FutureGen plant. For completeness, the report includes as attachments the siting and design basis documents, as well as the source documentation for the following: • Site evaluation and selection process and environmental characterization • Underground Injection Control (UIC) Permit Application including well design and subsurface modeling • FutureGen IGCC-CCS Design Basis Document • Process evaluations and technology selection via Illinois Clean Coal Review Board Technical Report • Process flow diagrams and heat/material balance for slurry-fed gasifier configuration • Process flow diagrams and heat/material balance

Sequencing of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) genome provides insights into vertebrate evolution

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, Jeramiah J; Kuraku, Shigehiro; Holt, Carson; Sauka-Spengler, Tatjana; Jiang, Ning; Campbell, Michael S; Yandell, Mark D; Manousaki, Tereza; Meyer, Axel; Bloom, Ona E; Morgan, Jennifer R; Buxbaum, Joseph D; Sachidanandam, Ravi; Sims, Carrie; Garruss, Alexander S; Cook, Malcolm; Krumlauf, Robb; Wiedemann, Leanne M; Sower, Stacia A; Decatur, Wayne A; Hall, Jeffrey A; Amemiya, Chris T; Saha, Nil R; Buckley, Katherine M; Rast, Jonathan P; Das, Sabyasachi; Hirano, Masayuki; McCurley, Nathanael; Guo, Peng; Rohner, Nicolas; Tabin, Clifford J; Piccinelli, Paul; Elgar, Greg; Ruffier, Magali; Aken, Bronwen L; Searle, Stephen MJ; Muffato, Matthieu; Pignatelli, Miguel; Herrero, Javier; Jones, Matthew; Brown, C Titus; Chung-Davidson, Yu-Wen; Nanlohy, Kaben G; Libants, Scot V; Yeh, Chu-Yin; McCauley, David W; Langeland, James A; Pancer, Zeev; Fritzsch, Bernd; de Jong, Pieter J; Zhu, Baoli; Fulton, Lucinda L; Theising, Brenda; Flicek, Paul; Bronner, Marianne E; Warren, Wesley C; Clifton, Sandra W; Wilson, Richard K; Li, Weiming

2013-01-01

Lampreys are representatives of an ancient vertebrate lineage that diverged from our own ~500 million years ago. By virtue of this deeply shared ancestry, the sea lamprey (P. marinus) genome is uniquely poised to provide insight into the ancestry of vertebrate genomes and the underlying principles of vertebrate biology. Here, we present the first lamprey whole-genome sequence and assembly. We note challenges faced owing to its high content of repetitive elements and GC bases, as well as the absence of broad-scale sequence information from closely related species. Analyses of the assembly indicate that two whole-genome duplications likely occurred before the divergence of ancestral lamprey and gnathostome lineages. Moreover, the results help define key evolutionary events within vertebrate lineages, including the origin of myelin-associated proteins and the development of appendages. The lamprey genome provides an important resource for reconstructing vertebrate origins and the evolutionary events that have shaped the genomes of extant organisms. PMID:23435085

De novo arachidonic acid synthesis in Perkinsus marinus, a protozoan parasite of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica.

Science.gov (United States)

Chu, Fu-Lin E; Lund, Eric; Soudant, Philippe; Harvey, Ellen

2002-02-01

The capability of synthesizing fatty acids de novo in the meront stage of the oyster protozoan parasite, Perkinsus marinus, was investigated employing stable-isotope-labeled precursors (1,2 13C-acetate and palmitic-d(31) acid). Fatty acid methyl esters derived from 1,2 13C-acetate and palmitic-d(31) acid were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/flame ionization detection. Results revealed that in vitro cultured P. marinus meronts utilized 13C-acetate to synthesize a range of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The saturated fatty acids 14:0, 16:0, 18:0, 20:0, 22:0, 24:0 and the unsaturated fatty acids, 18:1(n-9), 18:2(n-6), 20:1(n-9), 20:2(n-6), 20:2(n-9), 20:3(n-6), 20:4(n-6) were found to contain 13C, after 7, 14, and 21 days incubation with the precursor. This indicates that meronts can synthesize fatty acid de novo using acetate as a substrate. Meronts efficiently elongated 16:0-d(31) to 18:0, 20:0, 22:0, 24:0, but desaturation activity was limited, after 7 and 14 days cultivation. Only a small quantity of 18:1-d(29) was detected. This suggests that meronts cannot directly convert exogenous palmitic acid or its products of elongation to unsaturated counterparts. The ability to synthesize 20:4(n-6) from acetate is particularly interesting. No parasitic protozoan has been reported to be capable of synthesizing long chain essential fatty acids, such as 20:4(n-6) de novo. Future study will be directed to determine whether the observed in vitro activities indeed reflect the in vivo activities, when meronts are associated with the host.

Recommendations and Requirements for GenCade Simluations

Science.gov (United States)

2014-08-01

will report whether or not GenCade is enabled. If GenCade is disabled , the user will need a new license that includes GenCade...any depth but usually are not deeper than the seaward edge of the surf - zone. In the same way that some shorelines are less desirable for use in...Conference, 1919–1937. ASCE. Wang, P., N. C. Kraus, and R. A. Davis. 1998. Total rate of longshore sediment transport in the surf zone: Field

Unleashing Gen Y: Marketing Mars to Millennials

Science.gov (United States)

Leahy, Bart D.; Hidalgo, Loretta; Kloberdanz, Cassie

2007-01-01

Space advocates need to engage Generation Y (born 1977-1999).This outreach is necessary to recruit the next generation of scientists and engineers to explore Mars. Space advocates in the non-profit, private, and government sectors need to use a combination of technical communication, marketing, and politics, to develop messages that resonate with Gen Y. Until now, space messages have been generated by and for college-educated white males; Gen Y is much more diverse, including as much as one third minorities. Young women, too, need to be reached. My research has shown that messages emphasizing technology, fun, humor, and opportunity are the best means of reaching the Gen Y audience of 60 million (US population is 300 million). The important things space advocates must avoid are talking down to this generation, making false promises, or expecting them to "wait their turn" before they can participate. This is the MTV generation! We need to find ways of engaging Gen Y now to build a future where human beings can live and work on the planet Mars. In addition to the messages themselves, advocates need to keep up with Gen Y' s social networking and use of iPods, cell phones, and the Internet. NASA and space advocacy groups can use these tools for "viral marketing," where young people share targeted space-related information via cell phones or the Internet because they like it. Overall, Gen Y is a socially dynamic and media-savvy group; advocates' space messages need to be sincere, creative, and placed in locations where Gen Y lives. Mars messages must be memorable!

Modelo poblacional con algoritmos genéticos

OpenAIRE

Veliz Quintero, Eduardo; Rodriguez Ojeda, Luis

2009-01-01

Para el desarrollo de este trabajo, “MODELO POBLACIONAL CON ALGORITMOS GENÉTICOS”, he investigado la rama de la inteligencia artificial, como son los algoritmos genéticos. Primero presento en forma general los aspectos que envuelven los algoritmos genéticos, parto de la necesidad de optimizar, así como su historia y posibles aplicaciones y luego he cubierto detalladamente todo lo que pude investigar sobre la teoría de los algoritmos genéticos, sus fundamentos matemáticos, tipos de algoritmos ...

Factors Influencing Retention of Gen Y and Non-Gen Y Teachers Working at International Schools in Asia

Science.gov (United States)

Fong, Hoi Wah Benny

2018-01-01

Quantitative studies on international-school teacher retention are few, especially studies that differentiate between Gen Y and non-Gen Y teachers. This article reports on the findings of a study that examined the relationship of job satisfaction factors to the likelihood of contract renewal by international-school teachers. Results from the study…

Metode Transfer Asam Nukleat sebagai Dasar Terapi Gen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Novi Silvia Hardiany

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Kemajuan ilmu biologi molekuler memberikan manfaat dalam bidang kedokteran untuk mengembangkanterapi gen. Tujuan terapi gen adalah untuk memperbaiki kerusakan gen atau mengganti gen yang rusakdengan gen yang normal. Pemindahan gen dilakukan dengan teknik transfeksi. Transfeksi merupakanproses pemindahan asam nukleat baik menggunakan vektor virus (transduksi atau menggunakan metodenonviral yaitu zat kimia, lipid dan metode fisik. Vektor virus yang digunakan pada transduksi adalahretrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus (AAV dan herpes simplex virus (HSV. Keberhasilantransfeksi ditentukan oleh berbagai faktor yang dapat dapat dinilai dengan menggunakan reporter sepertigreen fluorescence protein (GFP. Kata Kunci: terapi gen, transfeksi non viral, transduksi, vektor virus   Methods of Nucleic Acid Transfer as Basic Gene Therapy Abstract The advancement of molecular biology provides benefit in the field of medicine to develop genetherapy. The aim of gene therapy is to repair the genetic damage or to replace damaged gene with thenormal gene. Delivery of gene is carried out by transfection technique, a technique to transfer nucleic acidinto eukaryote cells either using viral vectors (known as transduction, and also using non viral methodsuch as chemical substance, lipid and physical method. Some of the viral vectors used in the transductionare retrovirus, adenovirus, Adeno-associated virus (AAV and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV. The success oftransfection is determined by various factors which can be assessed using several reporters such as GreenFluorescence Protein (GFP. Key words: gene therapy, non viral transfection, transduction, viral vector. Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE

Timing the tides: genetic control of diurnal and lunar emergence times is correlated in the marine midge Clunio marinus.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaiser, Tobias S; Neumann, Dietrich; Heckel, David G

2011-05-20

The intertidal zone of seacoasts, being affected by the superimposed tidal, diurnal and lunar cycles, is temporally the most complex environment on earth. Many marine organisms exhibit lunar rhythms in reproductive behaviour and some show experimental evidence of endogenous control by a circalunar clock, the molecular and genetic basis of which is unexplored. We examined the genetic control of lunar and diurnal rhythmicity in the marine midge Clunio marinus (Chironomidae, Diptera), a species for which the correct timing of adult emergence is critical in natural populations. We crossed two strains of Clunio marinus that differ in the timing of the diurnal and lunar rhythms of emergence. The phenotype distribution of the segregating backcross progeny indicates polygenic control of the lunar emergence rhythm. Diurnal timing of emergence is also under genetic control, and is influenced by two unlinked genes with major effects. Furthermore, the lunar and diurnal timing of emergence is correlated in the backcross generation. We show that both the lunar emergence time and its correlation to the diurnal emergence time are adaptive for the species in its natural environment. The correlation implies that the unlinked genes affecting lunar timing and the two unlinked genes affecting diurnal timing could be the same, providing an unexpectedly close interaction of the two clocks. Alternatively, the genes could be genetically linked in a two-by-two fashion, suggesting that evolution has shaped the genetic architecture to stabilize adaptive combinations of lunar and diurnal emergence times by tightening linkage. Our results, the first on genetic control of lunar rhythms, offer a new perspective to explore their molecular clockwork.

Spatial and Ontogenetic Variation in Mercury in Lake Superior Basin Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus).

Science.gov (United States)

Moses, Sara K; Polkinghorne, Christine N; Mattes, William P; Beesley, Kimberly M

2018-01-01

Mercury concentrations were measured in eggs, larvae, and adult spawning-phase sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) collected in tributaries of Lake Superior to investigate spatial and ontogenetic variation. There were significant differences in mercury concentrations between all three life stages, with levels highest in adults (mean = 3.01 µg/g), followed by eggs (mean = 0.942 µg/g), and lowest in larvae (mean = 0.455 µg/g). There were no significant differences in mercury concentrations by location for any life stage or by sex in adults. Mercury was not correlated with adult or larval lamprey length or mass. Mercury levels in adult lampreys exceeded U.S. and Canadian federal guidelines for human consumption. Mercury concentrations in all life stages exceeded criteria for the protection of piscivorous wildlife, posing a threat to local fish, birds, and mammals. High mercury levels in adult lampreys combined with their semelparous life history make them a potential source of lake-derived mercury to spawning streams.

Characterization of Romboutsia ilealis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the gastro-intestinal tract of a rat, and proposal for the reclassification of five closely related members of the genus Clostridium into the genera Romboutsia gen. nov., Intestinibacter gen. nov., Terrisporobacter gen. nov. and Asaccharospora gen. nov.

Science.gov (United States)

Gerritsen, Jacoline; Fuentes, Susana; Grievink, Wieke; van Niftrik, Laura; Tindall, Brian J; Timmerman, Harro M; Rijkers, Ger T; Smidt, Hauke

2014-05-01

A Gram-positive staining, rod-shaped, non-motile, spore-forming obligately anaerobic bacterium, designated CRIBT, was isolated from the gastro-intestinal tract of a rat and characterized. The major cellular fatty acids of strain CRIBT were saturated and unsaturated straight-chain C12-C19 fatty acids, with C16:0 being the predominant fatty acid. The polar lipid profile comprised six glycolipids, four phospholipids and one lipid that did not stain with any of the specific spray reagents used. The only quinone was MK-6. The predominating cell-wall sugars were glucose and galactose. The peptidoglycan type of strain CRIBT was A1σ lanthionine-direct. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain CRIBT was 28.1 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain CRIBT was most closely related to a number of species of the genus Clostridium, including Clostridium lituseburense (97.2%), Clostridium glycolicum (96.2%), Clostridium mayombei (96.2%), Clostridium bartlettii (96.0%) and Clostridium irregulare (95.5%). All these species show very low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (genus Clostridium. DNA-DNA hybridization with closely related reference strains indicated reassociation values below 32%. On the basis of phenotypic and genetic studies, a novel genus, Romboutsia gen. nov., is proposed. The novel isolate CRIBT (=DSM 25109T=NIZO 4048T) is proposed as the type strain of the type species, Romboutsia ilealis gen. nov., sp. nov., of the proposed novel genus. It is proposed that C. lituseburense is transferred to this genus as Romboutsia lituseburensis comb. nov. Furthermore, the reclassification into novel genera is proposed for C. bartlettii, as Intestinibacter bartlettii gen. nov., comb. nov. (type species of the genus), C. glycolicum, as Terrisporobacter glycolicus gen. nov., comb. nov. (type species of the genus), C. mayombei, as Terrisporobacter mayombei gen. nov., comb. nov., and C. irregulare, as Asaccharospora irregularis gen. nov., comb. nov. (type species

J3Gen: A PRNG for Low-Cost Passive RFID

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jordi Herrera-Joancomartí

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Pseudorandom number generation (PRNG is the main security tool in low-cost passive radio-frequency identification (RFID technologies, such as EPC Gen2. We present a lightweight PRNG design for low-cost passive RFID tags, named J3Gen. J3Gen is based on a linear feedback shift register (LFSR configured with multiple feedback polynomials. The polynomials are alternated during the generation of sequences via a physical source of randomness. J3Gen successfully handles the inherent linearity of LFSR based PRNGs and satisfies the statistical requirements imposed by the EPC Gen2 standard. A hardware implementation of J3Gen is presented and evaluated with regard to different design parameters, defining the key-equivalence security and nonlinearity of the design. The results of a SPICE simulation confirm the power-consumption suitability of the proposal.

Daytime avoidance of chemosensory alarm cues by adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

Science.gov (United States)

Di Rocco, Richard; Belanger, Cowan; Imre, István; Brown, Grant; Johnson, Nicholas S.

2014-01-01

Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) avoid damage-released and predator chemosensory cues at night, but their response to these cues during the day is unknown. Here, we explored (i) whether sea lamprey avoid these cues during the day and (ii) the effect of water temperature on the avoidance of chemosensory alarm cues in two diurnal laboratory experiments. We hypothesized that daytime activity would be temperature-dependent and that only sea lamprey vulnerable to predation (i.e., not hiding) would behaviourally respond to chemosensory alarm cues. Ten groups of ten sea lamprey were exposed to one of a variety of potential chemosensory cues. The experiments were conducted over a range of temperatures to quantify the effect of temperature on avoidance behaviour. Consistent with our hypothesis, a higher proportion of animals were active during daytime as water temperature increased. Moving sea lamprey showed an avoidance response to 2-phenylethylamine (a compound found in mammalian urine) and human saliva once water temperatures had risen to mean (±SD) = 13.7 (±1.4) °C. Resting and hiding sea lamprey did not show an avoidance response to any of the experimental stimuli.

O impacto da genética na asma infantil

OpenAIRE

Pinto,Leonardo A.; Stein,Renato T.; Kabesch,Michael

2008-01-01

OBJETIVO: Apresentar os resultados dos estudos mais importantes e recentes sobre a genética da asma. Estes dados devem auxiliar os clínicos gerais a compreender o impacto da genética sobre este distúrbio complexo e como os genes e polimorfismos influenciam a asma e a atopia. FONTES DOS DADOS: Os dados foram coletados do banco de dados MEDLINE. Os estudos de associação genética foram selecionados do Genetic Association Database, um repositório de estudos de associação genética de doenças e dis...

Discusión: Explicaciones genéticas y psicológicas de la esquizofrenia.Genética de la esperanza

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvio Bolaños-Salvatierra

2003-01-01

Full Text Available En este documento se rebaten críticas hechas por Raventós y Jensen al artículo “Genética y comportamiento”. Cuatro temas fueron seleccionados: 1 se determina que los antipsicóticos aparecieron veinte años después de la concepción hereditaria de la esquizofrenia; 2 se considera que la discusión es altamente pertinente, para nada bizantina o irrelevante, debido que persisten prácticas epistémicas riesgosas en los investigadores genético-conductuales; 3 aunque ninguna conducta humana está exenta de influencia constitucional, el enfoque biologicista se ha propasado al pretender explicar genéticamente casi todo, desconfirmando solapadamente la importancia de la historia personal; y, 4 se plantea que la investigación biológica sobrevalora el peso de las anomalías genéticas frente a la historia social, por lo que solo aparenta cautela. Se propone investigar genéticamente la esperanza con el objetivo de saturar a la humanidad con ese tipo de explicaciones, para alcanzar más rápido una convivencia basada en la tolerancia y el respeto.

Sandeel ( Ammodytes marinus ) larval transport patterns in the North Sea from an individual-based hydrodynamic egg and larval model

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Asbjørn; Jensen, Henrik; Mosegaard, Henrik

2008-01-01

We have calculated a time series of larval transport indices for the central and southern North Sea covering 1970-2004, using a combined three-dimensional hydrodynamic and individual-based modelling framework for studying sandeel (Ammodytes marinus) eggs, larval transport, and growth. The egg phase...... is modelled by a stochastic, nonlinear degree-day model describing the extended hatch period. The larval growth model is parameterized by individually back-tracking the local physical environment of larval survivors from their catch location and catch time. Using a detailed map of sandeel habitats...... analyzed, and we introduce novel a scheme to quantify direct and indirect connectivity on equal footings in terms of an interbank transit time scale....

Genética e hanseníase

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bernardo Beiguelman

Full Text Available As diferentes linhas de pesquisa utilizadas para investigar a importância dos fatores hereditários humanos na determinação da resistência/suscetibilidade à infecção pelo Mycobacterium leprae foram discutidas no presente trabalho. Uma síntese dessas abordagens permitiu analisar os resultados das investigações sobre associação da hanseníase com polimorfismos genéticos, distribuição familial da hanseníase, prevalência da hanseníase e distância genética, concordância da hanseníase em gêmeos e estudos genéticos sobre a reação de Mitsuda.

Genética de la preeclampsia: una aproximación a los estudios de ligamiento genético.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nora Alejandra Zuluaga

2004-06-01

Full Text Available La preeclampsia es considerada un problema de salud pública debido a su alta prevalencia. Muchas investigaciones coinciden en que su origen se relaciona con la interacción entre factores genéticos y ambientales. Por esta razón, múltiples estudios han explorado tales factores genéticos tratando de identificar regiones cromosómicas y genes candidatos cuyas variantes se relacionen con una mayor susceptibilidad a la enfermedad. Diversos estudios de asociación han identificado algunos genes de susceptibilidad a la preeclampsia, pero los resultados no se han replicado consistentemente en todas las poblaciones, quizá por su complejidad clínica y genética. El levantamiento de mapas de genes y regiones cromosómicas basado en análisis de ligamiento ha mostrado resultados interesantes con algunos marcadores en los cromosomas 2 y 4. En este sentido, hay muchas expectativas con respecto a los genes localizados en tales regiones candidatas, debido a que la identificación de los factores de riesgo genético podría ayudar al entendimiento de esta condición y en proveer claves para su prevención y tratamiento.

ALIMENTACIÓN DE BUFO MARINUS (LINNAEUS, 1758 (BUFONIDAE: ANURA, EN UNA LOCALIDAD DE SUCRE, COLOMBIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sampedro Alcides

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizaron recolectas nocturnas de Bufo marinus en una localidad del departamento de Sucre. Se recolectaron 197 ejemplares, de los cuales 128 fueron hembras y 69 machos. Los ejemplares fueron medidos y pesados y se les practicó una disección para extraer el estómago y determinar aspectos cualitativos (tipo de presas y cuantitativos (número y tamaño de presas. Insectos del orden Hymenoptera fueron las presas de mayor importancia. Los individuos de mayor tamaño ingieren presas más grandes y en menor cantidad mientras que los de menor talla, presas pequeñas, pero en mayor cantidad. La proporción del peso del contenido estomacal en relación con el peso corporal, tanto para hembras como para machos fue similar (6%. Esta especie no parece representar un peligro para la fauna nativa en el departamento de Sucre.

Divergence and genetic variability among superior rubber tree genotypes Divergência e variabilidade genética de genótipos superiores de seringueira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lígia Regina Lima Gouvêa

2010-02-01

Full Text Available The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic variability and divergence among 22 superior rubber tree (Hevea sp. genotypes of the IAC 400 series. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using eight quantitative traits (descriptors, including yield. In the univariate analyses, the estimated parameters were: genetic and environmental variances; genetic and environmental coefficients of variation; and the variation index. The Mahalanobis generalized distance, the Tocher agglomerative method and canonical variables were used for the multivariate analyses. In the univariate analyses, variability was verified among the genotypes for all the variables evaluated. The Tocher method grouped the genotypes into 11 clusters of dissimilarity. The first four canonical variables explained 87.93% of the cumulative variation. The highest genetic variability was found in rubber yield-related traits, which contributed the most to the genetic divergence. The most divergent pairs of genotypes are suggested for crossbreeding. The genotypes evaluated are suitable for breeding and may be used to continue the IAC rubber tree breeding program.O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a divergência e a variabilidade genética entre 22 genótipos superiores de seringueira (Hevea sp. da série IAC 400. Análises univariadas e multivariadas foram realizadas com oito caracteres quantitativos (descritores, incluindo produtividade. Na análise univariada, os parâmetros estimados foram: variâncias genética e ambiental, coeficientes de variação genética e ambiental, e índice de variação. A distância generalizada de Mahalanobis, o método aglomerativo de Tocher e variáveis canônicas foram utilizados nas análises multivariadas. Nas análises univariadas, verificou-se variabilidade entre os genótipos para todas as variáveis avaliadas. O método de Tocher agrupou os genótipos em 11 grupos de dissimilaridade. As quatro primeiras variáveis can

Estructura y diversidad genética en vacas Holstein de Antioquia usando un polimorfismo del gen bGH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Rincon F.

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Determinar las frecuencias alélicas y genotípicas del polimorfismo del intrón 3 del gen bGH y estimar algunos parámetros de estructura poblacional en ganado Holstein. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó con 1366 vacas Holstein en 120 hatos de 11 municipios del departamento de Antioquia. Se extrajo DNA por el método de Salting out y la genotipificación se realizó usando la técnica de PCR-RFLPs. La diversidad genética se determinó mediante la comparación de las heterocigosidades, El equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg (HW y la diferenciación genética entre las poblaciones se realizó usando el software Arlequín 2.0 Las frecuencias alélicas y genotípicas se evaluaron mediante el paquete estadístico SAS®. Resultados. Las frecuencias genotípicas encontradas fueron 0.764 (+/+, 0.223 (+/- y 0.013 (-/- y las frecuencias alélicas 0.876 (+ y 0.124 (-. No se encontraron desviaciones del Equilibrio de Hardy Weinberg en ninguna de las subpoblaciones. La diversidad genética determinada mediante la comparación de las heterocigosidades fue relativamente baja entre poblaciones pero al interior de estas no. El valor de FST de toda la población fue de 0.0068 y significativo (p<0.05, algunos FST pareados también lo fueron, tomando valores desde 0.0 a 0.13. Los estadísticos FIT y FIS no fueron significativos. Conclusiones. El gen bGH es un candidato interesante para evaluar características de importancia económica ya que no parece haber sido sometido a selección directa, presenta una variabilidad media en las poblaciones, observándose diferenciación genética significativa entre distintos municipios, producto de los diferentes sistemas de producción y acceso a las biotecnologías.

Next Gen One Portal Usability Evaluation

Science.gov (United States)

Cross, E. V., III; Perera, J. S.; Hanson, A. M.; English, K.; Vu, L.; Amonette, W.

2018-01-01

Each exercise device on the International Space Station (ISS) has a unique, customized software system interface with unique layouts / hierarchy, and operational principles that require significant crew training. Furthermore, the software programs are not adaptable and provide no real-time feedback or motivation to enhance the exercise experience and/or prevent injuries. Additionally, the graphical user interfaces (GUI) of these systems present information through multiple layers resulting in difficulty navigating to the desired screens and functions. These limitations of current exercise device GUI's lead to increased crew time spent on initiating, loading, performing exercises, logging data and exiting the system. To address these limitations a Next Generation One Portal (NextGen One Portal) Crew Countermeasure System (CMS) was developed, which utilizes the latest industry guidelines in GUI designs to provide an intuitive ease of use approach (i.e., 80% of the functionality gained within 5-10 minutes of initial use without/limited formal training required). This is accomplished by providing a consistent interface using common software to reduce crew training, increase efficiency & user satisfaction while also reducing development & maintenance costs. Results from the usability evaluations showed the NextGen One Portal UI having greater efficiency, learnability, memorability, usability and overall user experience than the current Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED) UI used by astronauts on ISS. Specifically, the design of the One-Portal UI as an app interface similar to those found on the Apple and Google's App Store, assisted many of the participants in grasping the concepts of the interface with minimum training. Although the NextGen One-Portal UI was shown to be an overall better interface, observations by the test facilitators noted specific exercise tasks appeared to have a significant impact on the NextGen One-Portal UI efficiency. Future updates to

Salud pública, genética y ética

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kottow Miguel H

2002-01-01

Full Text Available La investigación genética ha tenido una enorme expansión en recientes décadas, con repercusiones terapéuticas aún inciertas. El análisis bioético tradicional de las complejas prácticas genéticas ha sido insuficiente por sostenerse en la ética de la investigación y en la bioética de corte principialista. Los problemas éticos más importantes de la genética son de orden colectivo y deben ser abordados por una reflexión ético-social cuyo enfoque es más amplio que la agenda interpersonal del principialismo. Temas como exploraciones genéticas, cuestiones patrimoniales, manipulación génica y asignación de recursos, deben todos ser sometidos a un pensamiento inspirado en los requerimientos de la ciudadanía, en el bien común y en la definición del rol del Estado en fiscalizar actividades genéticas y en proteger a la población. El objetivo del estudio es mostrar cómo el amplio campo de la ética y de la genética tiene una mayor relevancia en el campo social que en el clínico. El objetivo del trabajo es señalar que la bioética principialista ha enfatizado los problemas éticos individuales que nacen con la intervención genética, a costa de marginar sus importantes repercusiones sociales.

Salud pública, genética y ética

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miguel H Kottow

2002-10-01

Full Text Available La investigación genética ha tenido una enorme expansión en recientes décadas, con repercusiones terapéuticas aún inciertas. El análisis bioético tradicional de las complejas prácticas genéticas ha sido insuficiente por sostenerse en la ética de la investigación y en la bioética de corte principialista. Los problemas éticos más importantes de la genética son de orden colectivo y deben ser abordados por una reflexión ético-social cuyo enfoque es más amplio que la agenda interpersonal del principialismo. Temas como exploraciones genéticas, cuestiones patrimoniales, manipulación génica y asignación de recursos, deben todos ser sometidos a un pensamiento inspirado en los requerimientos de la ciudadanía, en el bien común y en la definición del rol del Estado en fiscalizar actividades genéticas y en proteger a la población. El objetivo del estudio es mostrar cómo el amplio campo de la ética y de la genética tiene una mayor relevancia en el campo social que en el clínico. El objetivo del trabajo es señalar que la bioética principialista ha enfatizado los problemas éticos individuales que nacen con la intervención genética, a costa de marginar sus importantes repercusiones sociales.

Optimal trading strategy for GenCo in LMP-based and bilateral ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

cboonchu

GenCo) ... In Li and Shahidehpour (2005), a game-based bidding strategy for GenCos with ..... With the different demands, dispatched levels of GenCos vary as shown in Table 6. .... optimisation, AI applications to power systems, and power system ...

Assessments of the lesser sandeel ( Ammodytes marinus ) in the North Sea based on revised stock divisions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, S.A.; Lewy, Peter; Wright, P.

1999-01-01

effort, catch per unit effort, yield, fishing and natural mortality. A better understanding of sandeel growth is important for stock and catch predictions because previous studies indicate that the variability of mean weight-at-age is one of the most important factors influencing the precision......Recent investigations suggest that the current treatment of North Sea sandeel (Ammodytes marinus) as a single unit stock may have little biological basis. In order to study regional effects of the fishery on North Sea lesser sandeel it may therefore be important to assess stock dynamics...... of predictions. The Danish weight-at-age data of sandeel are re- analysed to estimate the mean weight-at-age in the catch and the stock and the precision of the estimates. The reliability of the sandeel assessments is discussed in relation to the data sources available and to the knowledge of sandeel biology...

Temperature effects on egg development and larval condition in the lesser sandeel, Ammodytes marinus

Science.gov (United States)

Régnier, Thomas; Gibb, Fiona M.; Wright, Peter J.

2018-04-01

Understanding the influence of temperature on egg development and larval condition in planktonic fish is a prerequisite to understanding the phenological impacts of climate change on marine food-webs. The lesser sandeel, Ammodytes marinus (Raitt 1934), is a key trophic link between zooplankton and many piscivorous fish, sea birds and mammals in the northeast Atlantic. Temperature-egg development relationships were determined for batches of lesser sandeel eggs. Hatching began as early as 19 days post fertilisation at 11 °C and as late as 36 days post fertilisation at 6 °C, which is faster than egg development rates reported for closely related species at the lower end of the tested temperature range. The average size of newly hatched larvae decreased with increasing incubation temperatures in early hatching larvae, but this effect was lost by the middle of the hatching period. While the study revealed important temperature effects on egg development rate, predicted variability based on the range of temperatures eggs experience in the field, suggests it is only a minor contributor to the observed inter-annual variation in hatch date.

História da genética no Brasil: um olhar a partir do Museu da Genética da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vanderlei Sebastiao de Souza

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Aborda o contexto de criação do Museu da Genética, em 2011 no Departamento de Genética na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, em Porto Alegre, e apresenta sua estrutura e conteúdo. Argumenta-se que os materiais disponibilizados no Museu da Genética constituem uma rica fonte para pesquisas sobre a história da genética no Brasil (e da genética de populações humanas em particular a partir da segunda metade do século XX, tema ainda pouco investigado, apesar da proeminência dessa área do conhecimento no Brasil.

Manipulación genética de seres humanos

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Manuel Santos Alcántara

2006-08-01

Full Text Available El gran avance que ha tenido la Genética en los últimos años y, particularmente, aquello relacionado con el desciframiento del genoma humano, ha traído a la discusión pública la posibilidad concreta de manipular genéticamente a los seres humanos. El mejoramiento o perfeccionamiento genético de los seres humanos, denominado eugenesia, actualmente se ha convertido técnicamente en una realidad, motivando una profunda reflexión de tipo ético. La pregunta básica es la siguiente: aquello que es técnicamente posible de realizar ¿es ético hacerlo? ¿Tienen derecho los padres a acceder a la tecnología genética para mejorar las características de sus hijos? En este artículo se revisan las bases científicas del mejoramiento genético de los seres humanos, y se plantean los cuestionamientos éticos más relevantes derivados de esta manipulación.

Programa nacional de prevención y consejería genética del retinoblastoma mediante detección de mutaciones en el gen RB.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

H. Frayle

2001-07-01

una la doble mutación inactivante del gen Rb, exclusivamente somática en los esporádicos y germinal más somática en los hereditarios. Esta investigacin tuvo como objetivo caracterizar las mutaciones en el gen Rb mediante secuenciación directa y evaluar su utilidad en la consejería genética.

Olfactory-mediated stream-finding behavior of migratory adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

Science.gov (United States)

Vrieze, L.A.; Bergstedt, R.A.; Sorensen, P.W.

2011-01-01

Stream-finding behavior of adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), an anadromous fish that relies on pheromones to locate spawning streams, was documented in the vicinity of an important spawning river in the Great Lakes. Untreated and anosmic migrating sea lampreys were implanted with acoustic transmitters and then released outside the Ocqueoc River. Lampreys swam only at night and then actively. When outside of the river plume, lampreys pursued relatively straight bearings parallel to the shoreline while making frequent vertical excursions. In contrast, when within the plume, lampreys made large turns and exhibited a weak bias towards the river mouth, which one-third of them entered. The behavior of anosmic lampreys resembled that of untreated lampreys outside of the plume, except they pursued a more northerly compass bearing. To locate streams, sea lampreys appear to employ a three-phase odor-mediated strategy that involves an initial search along shorelines while casting vertically, followed by river-water-induced turning that brings them close to the river's mouth, which they then enter using rheotaxis. This novel strategy differs from that of salmonids and appears to offer this poor swimmer adaptive flexibility and suggests ways that pheromonal odors might be used to manage this invasive species.

Programa nacional de prevención y consejería genética del retinoblastoma mediante detección de mutaciones en el gen rb.

OpenAIRE

Frayle, H.; Guevara, G.

2011-01-01

El retinoblastoma es un raro tumor ocular que se diagnostica en los niños, 40% de los casos se consideran hereditarios y 60% esporádicos. El modelo genético propuesto por Knudson involucra
una la doble mutación inactivante del gen Rb, exclusivamente somática en los esporádicos y germinal más somática en los hereditarios. Esta investigacin tuvo como objetivo caracterizar las mutaciones en el gen Rb mediante secuenciación directa y evaluar su utilidad en la consejería genética....

Justicia en salud y genética

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Maria Graciela De Ortuzar

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Las expectativas puestas en el conocimiento genético exceden el ámbito de la medicina tradiciona, debido a que la intervención directa en la lotería natural demandaría el replanteamiento de conceptos centrales de justicia en salud: necesidades médicas, enfermedad, normalidad, e igualdad de oportunidades en el acceso a la salud. El punto en debate es sí el replanteo de dichos conceptos conlleva un cambio radical en las teorías de justicia (libertariana y/o liberal, mostrando su obsolescencia, o sí simplemente se requiere ampliar dichos conceptos claves por fallas estructurales en las mismas teorías. Como hipótesis general considero que los supuestos cuestionamientos, lejos de socavar las bases de las teorías de justicia, sólo ponen en evidencia sus viejos problemas estructurales. Por razones expositivas, dividiré la presentación tres partes. En la Primera parte, analizo la teoría libertariana, estudiando las contradicciones del modelo a través del impacto de la información genética en el seguro privado de salud. En la Segunda Parte, desarrollo la propuesta alternativa liberal rawlsianadanielsiana del modelo de seguro público, evaluando las implicaciones de la genética a partir de la crítica de su concepto biológico de enfermedad y su restricción al acceso a la salud por necesidades naturales. En la Tercera parte presento un modelo integral de necesidades y capacidades básicas, comprendiendo la prevención, el tratamiento y el mejoramiento moralmente permisible (genético y no genético.Mi aporte principal consiste en la elaboración de este modelo normativo integral de necesidades y capacidades para la regulación conjunta de la información y terapia genética con los restantes problemas de salud.

Ultrastructure of the renal juxtaglomerular complex and peripolar cells in the axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) and toad (Bufo marinus).

Science.gov (United States)

Hanner, R H; Ryan, G B

1980-01-01

Renal juxtaglomerular regions were examined in the axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum and toad (Bufo marinus). Prominent granulated peripolar epithelial cells were found surrounding the origin of the glomerular tuft in the axolotl. These cells resembled the peripolar cells recently discovered in mammalian species. They contained multiple electron-dense cytoplasmic granules, some of which showed a paracrystalline substructure and signs of exocytoxic activity. Such cells were difficult to find and smaller in the toad. In contrast, granulated juxtaglomerular arteriolar myoephithelial cells were much more readily found and larger in the toad than in the axolotl. No consistent differences were noted in juxtaglomerular cells or their granules in response to changes in environmental chloride concentration. Images Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 8 Fig. 9 PMID:7410189

GenBank.

OpenAIRE

Benson, D; Lipman, D J; Ostell, J

1993-01-01

The GenBank sequence database has undergone an expansion in data coverage, annotation content and the development of new services for the scientific community. In addition to nucleotide sequences, data from the major protein sequence and structural databases, and from U.S. and European patents is now included in an integrated system. MEDLINE abstracts from published articles describing the sequences provide an important new source of biological annotation for sequence entries. In addition to ...

Gen IV Materials Handbook Implementation Plan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rittenhouse, P.; Ren, W.

2005-01-01

A Gen IV Materials Handbook is being developed to provide an authoritative single source of highly qualified structural materials information and materials properties data for use in design and analyses of all Generation IV Reactor Systems. The Handbook will be responsive to the needs expressed by all of the principal government, national laboratory, and private company stakeholders of Gen IV Reactor Systems. The Gen IV Materials Handbook Implementation Plan provided here addresses the purpose, rationale, attributes, and benefits of the Handbook and will detail its content, format, quality assurance, applicability, and access. Structural materials, both metallic and ceramic, for all Gen IV reactor types currently supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) will be included in the Gen IV Materials Handbook. However, initial emphasis will be on materials for the Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR). Descriptive information (e.g., chemical composition and applicable technical specifications and codes) will be provided for each material along with an extensive presentation of mechanical and physical property data including consideration of temperature, irradiation, environment, etc. effects on properties. Access to the Gen IV Materials Handbook will be internet-based with appropriate levels of control. Information and data in the Handbook will be configured to allow search by material classes, specific materials, specific information or property class, specific property, data parameters, and individual data points identified with materials parameters, test conditions, and data source. Details on all of these as well as proposed applicability and consideration of data quality classes are provided in the Implementation Plan. Website development for the Handbook is divided into six phases including (1) detailed product analysis and specification, (2) simulation and design, (3) implementation and testing, (4) product release, (5) project/product evaluation, and (6) product

Algoritmos para genómica comparativa

OpenAIRE

Figueiras, Vasco da Rocha

2010-01-01

Com o surgimento da Genómica e da Proteómica, a Bioinformática conduziu a alguns dos avanços científicos mais relevantes do século XX. A Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento do Biocant, parque biotecnológico de Cantanhede, assume actualmente o papel de motor no desenvolvimento da Genómica. O Biocant possui um importante sequenciador de larga escala que permite armazenar um elevado número de genomas, nomeadamente, genomas de bactérias. O estudo proposto reflecte a necessidade do Bio...

Medicamentos genéricos y de marca-Calidad e intercambiabilidad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rua F.

2012-03-01

Full Text Available El interés por los medicamentos genéricos procede de la necesidad de los sistemas sanitarios de reducir la factura sanitaria sin merma de los objetivos de salud. Su expansión y uso requieren la aceptación de la población y de los profesionales. También requieren que se despejen algunas dudas sobre su verdadera equivalencia respecto a los medicamentos originales. Desde su introducción en el mercado farmacéutico existe el debate de si son correctamente investigados y de alta calidad. No son infrecuentes los conceptos equivocados entre los profesionales sobre los genéricos, en especial, el supuesto hecho de que pueden llegar a contener hasta un 20% menos de concentración en principio activo. Estas creencias erróneas sugieren una situación de desventaja en la eficacia y la tolerabilidad de los medicamentos genéricos comparados con sus equivalentes de marca, disminuyendo la credibilidad de los mismos. Así, en una encuesta realizada en 2008 los farmacéuticos opinaron que los genéricos y las marcas son diferentes en eficacia (26%, equivalencia (28% y, sobre todo, en la calidad del excipiente (46%, aumentando la percepción de que los genéricos son diferentes en función del laboratorio que los fabrica (52,8%. En este artículo, con el fin de ampliar los conocimientos sobre medicamentos genéricos, solucionar dudas y proporcionar información, objetiva, clara y rigurosa, se revisan los posibles prejuicios sobre genéricos y se exponen las evidencias que existen en torno a los mismos, como los requisitos de bioequivalencia de los productos genéricos, analizando si ésta corrobora adecuadamente la equivalencia terapéutica y de intercambio.

Sobre el significado del descubrimiento del gen FOXP2

OpenAIRE

Longa Martínez, Víctor Manuel

2006-01-01

El reciente descubrimiento del gen FOXP2 ha ofrecido la primera evidencia clara de la base genética del lenguaje, mostrando una correlación inequívoca desde la perspectiva genética entre una versión mutada de F0XP2 y los trastornos lingüísticos de diferente tipo sufridos por una familia inglesa, conocida como KE. El objetivo central del presente trabajo es discutir diferentes aspectos relacionados con tal descubrimiento; especialmente, la discusión del significado de FOXP2 con ...

Distributed Generation Market Demand Model (dGen): Documentation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sigrin, Benjamin [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Gleason, Michael [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Preus, Robert [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Baring-Gould, Ian [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Margolis, Robert [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

2016-02-01

The Distributed Generation Market Demand model (dGen) is a geospatially rich, bottom-up, market-penetration model that simulates the potential adoption of distributed energy resources (DERs) for residential, commercial, and industrial entities in the continental United States through 2050. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) developed dGen to analyze the key factors that will affect future market demand for distributed solar, wind, storage, and other DER technologies in the United States. The new model builds off, extends, and replaces NREL's SolarDS model (Denholm et al. 2009a), which simulates the market penetration of distributed PV only. Unlike the SolarDS model, dGen can model various DER technologies under one platform--it currently can simulate the adoption of distributed solar (the dSolar module) and distributed wind (the dWind module) and link with the ReEDS capacity expansion model (Appendix C). The underlying algorithms and datasets in dGen, which improve the representation of customer decision making as well as the spatial resolution of analyses (Figure ES-1), also are improvements over SolarDS.

Revision of Corallinaceae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta): recognizing Dawsoniolithon gen. nov., Parvicellularium gen. nov. and Chamberlainoideae subfam. nov. containing Chamberlainium gen. nov. and Pneophyllum.

Science.gov (United States)

Caragnano, Annalisa; Foetisch, Alexandra; Maneveldt, Gavin W; Millet, Laurent; Liu, Li-Chia; Lin, Showe-Mei; Rodondi, Graziella; Payri, Claude E

2018-03-25

A multi-gene (SSU, LSU, psbA and COI) molecular phylogeny of the family Corallinaceae (excluding the subfamilies Lithophylloideae and Corallinoideae) showed a paraphyletic grouping of six monophyletic clades. Pneophyllum and Spongites were reassessed and recircumscribed using DNA sequence data integrated with morpho-anatomical comparisons of type material and recently collected specimens. We propose Chamberlainoideae subfam. nov., including the type genus Chamberlainium gen. nov., with C. tumidum comb. nov. as the generitype, and Pneophyllum. Chamberlainium is established to include several taxa previously ascribed to Spongites, the generitype of which currently resides in Neogoniolithoideae. Additionally we propose two new genera, Dawsoniolithon gen. nov. (Metagoniolithoideae), with D. conicum comb. nov. as the generitype and Parvicellularium gen. nov. (subfamily incertae sedis), with P. leonardi sp. nov. as the generitype. Chamberlainoideae has no diagnostic morpho-anatomical features that enable one to assign specimens to it without DNA sequence data, and it is the first subfamily to possess both Type 1 (Chamberlainium) and Type 2 (Pneophyllum) tetra/bisporangial conceptacle roof development. Two characters distinguish Chamberlainium from Spongites: tetra/biasporangial conceptacle chamber diameter (300 μm in Spongites) and tetra/bisporangial conceptacle roof thickness (8 cells in Spongites). Two characters also distinguish Pneophyllum from Dawsoniolithon: tetra/bisporangial conceptacle roof thickness (8 cells in Dawsoniolithon) and thallus construction (dimerous in Pneophyllum vs. monomerous in Dawsoniolithon). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Biometria e armazenamento de sementes de genótipos de cacaueiro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucimara Ribeiro Venial

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Genótipos de Theobroma cacao L. devem ser melhor estudados, para se identificar aqueles que produzem sementes mais desenvolvidas e viáveis após o armazenamento. Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar a biometria e dois tempos de armazenamento de sementes de genótipos de cacaueiro. A biometria foi avaliada em oito genótipos de cacaueiro (tratamentos. Foram instalados testes de germinação em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, no esquema fatorial 8 x 2 (genótipos: CCN51, PH16, CEPEC2002, Ipiranga, SJ02, PS1319, TSH1188 e Comum x dois períodos de armazenamento: 0 e dois dias. O genótipo TSH1188 apresentou maior comprimento, relação comprimento/largura, espessura e massa de 100 sementes. A absorção de água das sementes recém-colhidas dos genótipos é lenta, justificada pelos altos teores de água, o que não caracteriza padrão-trifásico. Os teores de água reduziram em média 2,3 vezes nas sementes armazenadas em relação às recém-colhidas. A germinação das sementes recém-colhidas dos genótipos foi de 100%. Após o armazenamento, as sementes do PS1319 apresentaram a menor redução da germinação (39%, enquanto as dos PH16, CEPEC2002 e SJ02 reduziram 96%. A velocidade de germinação foi maior e o tempo médio menor que dois dias nas sementes recém-colhidas do PS1319, indicando serem mais tolerante à dessecação. Sugere-se o uso dos genótipos TSH1188 e PS1319 em programas de melhoramento genético.

Enfermedades genéticas más frecuentes en pacientes atendidos en consulta de genética clínica

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Elibett Carcasés Carcasés

2015-02-01

Full Text Available La estimación de la prevalencia de las enfermedades genéticas se dificulta, entre otras causas, por su rareza. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, para identificar las enfermedades genéticas de mayor prevalencia en pacientes atendidos por este programa en el Centro Provincial de Genética Médica de Las Tunas, Cuba; desde el año 1989 hasta julio de 2014. Se revisaron todas las historias clínicas. Predominó el origen monogénico (69 %, siendo los síndromes dismórficos los más numerosos y diversos, entre ellos los neurocutáneos, que representaron el 35 %. La enfermedad genética monogénica con mayor número de casos fue la Neurofibromatosis I con el 14,4 % y el 22,2 % de las enfermedades eran de origen monogénico y dismórfico. La Trisomía 21 representó el 77 % de la causa cromosómica. En el origen multifactorial prevalecieron los defectos congénitos mayores, entre ellos los defectos reductivos de miembros (27 %

From AWE-GEN to AWE-GEN-2d: a high spatial and temporal resolution weather generator

Science.gov (United States)

Peleg, Nadav; Fatichi, Simone; Paschalis, Athanasios; Molnar, Peter; Burlando, Paolo

2016-04-01

A new weather generator, AWE-GEN-2d (Advanced WEather GENerator for 2-Dimension grid) is developed following the philosophy of combining physical and stochastic approaches to simulate meteorological variables at high spatial and temporal resolution (e.g. 2 km x 2 km and 5 min for precipitation and cloud cover and 100 m x 100 m and 1 h for other variables variable (temperature, solar radiation, vapor pressure, atmospheric pressure and near-surface wind). The model is suitable to investigate the impacts of climate variability, temporal and spatial resolutions of forcing on hydrological, ecological, agricultural and geomorphological impacts studies. Using appropriate parameterization the model can be used in the context of climate change. Here we present the model technical structure of AWE-GEN-2d, which is a substantial evolution of four preceding models (i) the hourly-point scale Advanced WEather GENerator (AWE-GEN) presented by Fatichi et al. (2011, Adv. Water Resour.) (ii) the Space-Time Realizations of Areal Precipitation (STREAP) model introduced by Paschalis et al. (2013, Water Resour. Res.), (iii) the High-Resolution Synoptically conditioned Weather Generator developed by Peleg and Morin (2014, Water Resour. Res.), and (iv) the Wind-field Interpolation by Non Divergent Schemes presented by Burlando et al. (2007, Boundary-Layer Meteorol.). The AWE-GEN-2d is relatively parsimonious in terms of computational demand and allows generating many stochastic realizations of current and projected climates in an efficient way. An example of model application and testing is presented with reference to a case study in the Wallis region, a complex orography terrain in the Swiss Alps.

EPCGen2 Pseudorandom Number Generators: Analysis of J3Gen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alberto Peinado

2014-04-01

Full Text Available This paper analyzes the cryptographic security of J3Gen, a promising pseudo random number generator for low-cost passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID tags. Although J3Gen has been shown to fulfill the randomness criteria set by the EPCglobal Gen2 standard and is intended for security applications, we describe here two cryptanalytic attacks that question its security claims: (i a probabilistic attack based on solving linear equation systems; and (ii a deterministic attack based on the decimation of the output sequence. Numerical results, supported by simulations, show that for the specific recommended values of the configurable parameters, a low number of intercepted output bits are enough to break J3Gen. We then make some recommendations that address these issues.

Introducing AstroGen: The Astronomy Genealogy Project

OpenAIRE

Tenn, Joseph S.

2016-01-01

The Astronomy Genealogy Project ("AstroGen"), a project of the Historical Astronomy Division of the American Astronomical Society (AAS), will soon appear on the AAS website. Ultimately, it will list the world's astronomers with their highest degrees, theses for those who wrote them, academic advisors (supervisors), universities, and links to the astronomers or their obituaries, their theses when on-line, and more. At present the AstroGen team is working on those who earned doctorates with ast...

Genética humana e sociedade

OpenAIRE

Rosa, Vivian Leyser da

2000-01-01

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação. Análise do campo de estudos sobre o entendimento público da ciência, distinguindo os modelos de deficit cognitivo e interativo, bem como suas implicações na esfera educacional. Estudo do panorama dos avanços atuais da genética humana, do ponto de vista científico, ético e social. Análise de aspectos relativos ao ensino de genética humana nos cursos de graduação da área da saúde, em nove Universidades...

Manipulación genética de seres humanos

OpenAIRE

Manuel Santos Alcántara

2006-01-01

El gran avance que ha tenido la Genética en los últimos años y, particularmente, aquello relacionado con el desciframiento del genoma humano, ha traído a la discusión pública la posibilidad concreta de manipular genéticamente a los seres humanos. El mejoramiento o perfeccionamiento genético de los seres humanos, denominado eugenesia, actualmente se ha convertido técnicamente en una realidad, motivando una profunda reflexión de tipo ético. La pregunta básica es la siguiente: aquello que es téc...

Estudio molecular del gen MLL en 30 pacientes con leucemias agudas Molecular study of MLL gen in 30 patients with acute leukemias

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Raquel Levón Herrera

2000-04-01

Full Text Available Los reordenamientos del gen MLL en la banda cromosómica 11q23 son frecuentes en leucemias agudas (LA en niños y en las LA secundarias desarrolladas después de la terapia con inhibidores de la enzima topoisomerasa II. En menor medida también se aprecia en adultos con LA. La presencia de estos reordenamientos se considera un indicador de mal pronóstico asociado con resultados clínicos desfavorables, por ello es muy importante realizar su determinación en las LA. En este trabajo mostramos los resultados preliminares de la introducción del estudio del gen MLL en nuestro país mediante la técnica de Southern. Analizamos ADN de 30 pacientes con LA, incluidos niños y adultos, que en el momento del estudio se encontraban al debut o en recaída. El estudio molecular se realizó con la sonda FA4, que es un inserto genómico del gen MLL. Sólo uno de los 30 pacientes mostró bandas de reordenamiento con 2 enzimas de restricción diferentes, el resto mostró el gen MLL en configuración germinal. Es interesante destacar que el paciente con el reordenamiento era un niño con leucemia mieloblástica aguda subtipo M5b, lo cual concuerda con la literatura, donde se describe que estos reordenamientos están estrechamente correlacionados con los subtipos mielomonocítico (M4 y monocítico (M5 de leucemia mieloide aguda (LMARearrangements of MLL gen in llq23 chromosomal band are frequents in childhood type of acute leukemia (AL and in secondary AL, developed after therapy with II topoisomerase enzyme. To a lesser extent also is seen in adults with AL. Presence of theses rearrangements is considered to be a worse prognosis indicator, associated with unfavourable clinical results, that is why it is very important to carry our its assessment in AL. In this paper authors present preliminary results from introduction of study on MLL gen in our country through Southern technique. DNA from 30 patients was analized, including children and adults, that at the

Relationships between reproductive performance and organochlorine contaminants in great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Helberg, Morten; Bustnes, Jan Ove; Erikstad, Kjell Einar; Kristiansen, Kai Ove; Skaare, Janneche Utne

2005-01-01

The great black-backed gull Larus marinus is a top predator in subarctic and temperate marine ecosystems, and the aim of this study was to investigate if organochlorines (OCs) were related to reproductive performance in this species at the subarctic parts of the Norwegian Coast. We measured blood levels of various OCs in 53 breeding birds. The OC levels were relatively low compared to levels found in nearby arctic areas. In females, however, there was a significant positive relationship between blood concentrations of OCs, especially hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and egg laying date, and a positive relationship between the probability of nest predation and blood concentration of β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), oxychlordane, and DDE. In females with high levels of OCs, especially persistent polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), there was also a decline in egg volume as egg laying progressed; i.e. the second and third laid egg were relatively smaller, compared to females with low OC levels. No relationships between reproductive parameters and OC levels were found in males. - Elevated blood concentrations of organochlorine contaminants correlate with poor reproductive performance in female great black-backed gulls

Multiple functions of a multi-component mating pheromone in sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus

Science.gov (United States)

Johnson, N.S.; Yun, S.-S.; Buchinger, T.J.; Li, W.

2012-01-01

The role of the C24 sulphate in the mating pheromone component, 7α,12α,24-trihydroxy-5α-cholan-3-one 24-sulphate (3kPZS), to specifically induce upstream movement in ovulated female sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus was investigated. 7α,12α-dihydroxy-5α-cholan-3-one 24-oic acid (3kACA), a structurally similar bile acid released by spermiated males, but lacking the C24 sulphate ester, was tested in bioassays at concentrations between 10−11 and 10−14 molar (M). 3kACA did not induce upstream movement in females or additional reproductive behaviours. In contrast, spermiated male washings induced upstream movement, prolonged retention on a nest and induced an array of nesting behaviours. Differential extraction and elution by solid-phase extraction resins showed that components other than 3kPZS + 3kACA are necessary to retain females on nests and induce nest cleaning behaviours. All pheromone components, including components in addition to 3kPZS + 3kACA that retain females and induce nest cleaning behaviours were released from the anterior region of the males, as had been reported for 3kPZS. It is concluded that the sea lamprey male mating pheromone has multiple functions and is composed of multiple components.

Genética em transtornos alimentares: ampliando os horizontes de pesquisa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pinheiro Andréa Poyastro

2006-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Revisar a literatura atual concernente à pesquisa genética em transtornos do comportamento alimentar e discutir questões relevantes ao desenvolvimento de um projeto de pesquisa genética nessa área no Brasil. MÉTODO: A revisão realizada utilizou a base de dados Medline, no período de 1984 a maio de 2005, com os seguintes termos de busca: "anorexia nervosa", "bulimia nervosa", "eating disorders", "binge eating disorder", "family studies", "twin studies", "molecular genetics studies". RESULTADOS: Os dados atuais apontam para uma contribuição relevante dos fatores genéticos na suscetibilidade à anorexia e à bulimia nervosa. A pesquisa genética com populações miscigenadas deve levar em consideração o tamanho da amostra, a densidade de genotipagem e a estratificação populacional. Através de "admixture mapping" é possível estimar a estrutura genética destas populações e localizar genes relacionados à variação étnica de doenças ou traços de interesse. CONCLUSÕES: O desenvolvimento de uma grande iniciativa de colaboração em genética de transtornos alimentares no Brasil e na América Latina viabilizará estudar os fatores genéticos em transtornos do comportamento alimentar no contexto de grupos inter-étnicos, e integrar uma nova perspectiva biológica à etiologia destes distúrbios.

Resistência genética em genótipos de feijoeiro a Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens Genetic resistance to Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens in bean genotypes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valmir Luiz de Souza

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff agente causal da murcha-de-curtobacterium em feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris, é um patógeno vascular de difícil controle. A doença foi detectada pela primeira vez no Brasil na safra das águas de 1995, no Estado de São Paulo. Por se tratar de uma doença de difícil controle, a resistência genética tem sido a melhor opção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a reação de genótipos de feijoeiro à murcha-de-curtobacterium, frente a 333 acessos pertencentes ao banco de germoplasma de feijoeiro do Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC. Oportunamente, foram selecionados genótipos de feijoeiro altamente resistentes e suscetíveis, com a finalidade de comparar a colonização de Cff no vaso do xilema a partir da visualização sob microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os resultados da triagem da resistência genética em genótipos de feijoeiro indicaram a existência de variabilidade genética nas amostras dos 333 genótipos avaliados, ao isolado de Cff Feij 2634. Os materiais foram classificados em 4 grupos de resistência: 29 genótipos (8,7% comportaram-se como altamente resistentes, 13 genótipos (3,9% como resistentes, 18 genótipos (5% como moderadamente resistentes e 273 genótipos (81% suscetíveis. A partir dos resultados obtidos, cerca de 18% dos genótipos de feijoeiros, desde altamente resistentes à moderadamente resistentes, poderão ser úteis para o programa de melhoramento genético como fonte de genes para resistência a Cff. Através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura, foram observadas em genótipos altamente resistentes, várias aglutinações da bactéria envolvidas por filamentos e estruturas rendilhadas sob pontuações da parede do vaso do xilema, não verificados em genótipos suscetíveis, o que sugere a ativação de mecanismos de defesa estruturais e bioquímicos nas plantas resistentes.Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff, the causal

Dicty_cDB: Contig-U02523-1 [Dicty_cDB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available lorococcus marinus str. NATL2A, complete gen... 48 0.82 1 ( AF211148 ) Carsonella ruddii natural-host Russelliana interm...:none) Leishmania major strain Friedlin... 75 4e-12 CP000384_4494( CP000384 |pid:none) Mycobacterium sp. MCS, compl...elaginella moellendorffii mixe... 34 0.16 2 ( GD178393 ) EST04602 Watermelon fruit normalization and subtr...... 50 0.21 1 ( EJ643566 ) 1093012125502 Global-Ocean-Sampling_GS-29-01-01-1... 34 ...e, co... 48 0.82 1 ( EK325308 ) 1095467004903 Global-Ocean-Sampling_GS-31-01-01-1

Consideraciones genéticas sobre las dislipidemias y la aterosclerosis

OpenAIRE

Julio César Fernández Travieso

2008-01-01

La interacción entre factores genéticos y ambientales explican muchos aspectos de la aterosclerosis y las variaciones genéticas constituyen marcadores de riesgo de la enfermedad coronaria (EC), la cual ocupa el primer lugar entre las causas de morbilidad y mortalidad a nivel mundial. La predisposición familiar a padecer EC, junto al avance vertiginoso en técnicas de análisis de ADN y la disponibilidad de secuencias del genoma humano, han orientado la investigación de alteraciones genéticas re...

Divergencia genética en poblaciones peruanas detectada a partir de las frecuencias haplotípicas del mtDNA y del gen nuclear MBL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jesús H. Córdova

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Avanzar en el conocimiento del origen de las poblaciones peruanas estudiadas en un contexto filogeográfico. Diseño: Estudio genético poblacional. Instituciones: Laboratorio de Genética Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, e Instituto de Genética y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Martín de Porras, Lima, Perú. Participantes: Siete poblaciones peruanas. Metodología: Análisis comparativo de los resultados a partir del estudio del mtDNA y el gen nuclear MBL de siete poblaciones peruanas, procesados de manera separada y luego combinados, utilizando el programa PHYLYP 3.65, para obtener valores FST de diferenciación genética y la construcción de árboles de distancias por aplicación del algorritmo UPGMA y el análisis subsecuente de los agrupamientos (clusters generados. Principales medidas de resultados: Árboles genéticos generados. Resultados: De manera separada, los árboles generados para cada marcador genético tuvieron topologías propias y diferentes entre sí. Procesados de manera combinada, el árbol resultante demostró que los mayores valores de diferenciación genética se hallaron en las Islas del Lago Titicaca (Puno, Perú conocidas -Taquile, Amantani y Anapia-, que fue calificada como muy alta, porque mostró valores de FST de 0.3113, 0.2949 y 0.3348 respecto de las poblaciones estudiadas, tanto fuera del Departamento de Puno -como Chachapoyas, Pucallpa y Chiclayo, respectivamente-, así como a la de los Uro del mismo Puno y del mismo Lago Titicaca (0.2837. Fuera de Puno, el par de poblaciones Chachapoyas-Pucallpa fue el menos divergente, al alcanzar entre ellas un valor de FST de 0.0108, calificándosele de pequeña. Conclusiones: El árbol obtenido del procesamiento de los marcadores vía una matriz combinada demostró que las poblaciones que habitan las islas de Taquile, Amantani y Anapia, divergen notablemente de las restantes cuatro

Towards an International Culture: Gen Y Students and SNS?

Science.gov (United States)

Lichy, Jessica

2012-01-01

This article reports the findings of a small-scale investigation into the Internet user behaviour of generation Y (Gen Y) students, with particular reference to social networking sites. The study adds to the literature on cross-cultural Internet user behaviour with specific reference to Gen Y and social networking. It compares how a cohort of…

Introducing AstroGen: the Astronomy Genealogy Project

Science.gov (United States)

Tenn, Joseph S.

2016-12-01

The Astronomy Genealogy Project (AstroGen), a project of the Historical Astronomy Division of the American Astronomical Society (AAS), will soon appear on the AAS website. Ultimately, it will list the world's astronomers with their highest degrees, theses for those who wrote them, academic advisors (supervisors), universities, and links to the astronomers or their obituaries, their theses when online, and more. At present the AstroGen team is working on those who earned doctorates with astronomy-related theses. We show what can be learned already, with just ten countries essentially completed.

An electronic flight bag for NextGen avionics

Science.gov (United States)

Zelazo, D. Eyton

2012-06-01

The introduction of the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) initiative by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) will impose new requirements for cockpit avionics. A similar program is also taking place in Europe by the European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (Eurocontrol) called the Single European Sky Air Traffic Management Research (SESAR) initiative. NextGen will require aircraft to utilize Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) in/out technology, requiring substantial changes to existing cockpit display systems. There are two ways that aircraft operators can upgrade their aircraft in order to utilize ADS-B technology. The first is to replace existing primary flight displays with new displays that are ADS-B compatible. The second, less costly approach is to install an advanced Class 3 Electronic Flight Bag (EFB) system. The installation of Class 3 EFBs in the cockpit will allow aircraft operators to utilize ADS-B technology in a lesser amount of time with a decreased cost of implementation and will provide additional benefits to the operator. This paper describes a Class 3 EFB, the NexisTM Flight-Intelligence System, which has been designed to allow users a direct interface with NextGen avionics sensors while additionally providing the pilot with all the necessary information to meet NextGen requirements.

Chondrogenesis of the branchial skeleton in embryonic sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus.

Science.gov (United States)

Morrison, S L; Campbell, C K; Wright, G M

2000-11-01

This study provides concise temporal and spatial characteristics of branchial chondrogenesis in embryonic sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, using high resolution light microscopy, transmission electron, and immunoelectron microscopy. Prechondrogenic condensations representing the first branchial arch appeared first in the mid-region of the third pharyngeal arch at 13 days post-fertilization (pf). Cartilage differentiation, defined by the presence of the unique, fibrillar, non-collagenous matrix protein characteristic of branchial cartilage, was first observed at 14 days pf. Development of lamprey branchial cartilage appeared unusual compared to that in jawed fishes, in that precartilage condensations appear as a one-cell wide orderly stack of flattened cells that extend by the addition of one dorsal and one ventral condensation. Development of lamprey gill arches from three condensations that fuse to form a single skeletal element differs from the developing gill arches of jawed fishes, where more than one skeletal element forms from a single condensation. The initial orderly arrangement of cells in the lamprey branchial prechondrogenic condensations remains throughout development. Once chondrification of the condensations begins, the branchial arches start to grow. Initially, growth occurs as a result of matrix secretion and cell migration. Later in development, the arches grow mainly by cell proliferation and enlargement. This study defines the morphology and timing of lamprey branchial chondrogenesis. Studies of lamprey chondrogenesis provide not only insight into the developmental biology of a unique non-collagenous cartilage in a primitive vertebrate but also into the general evolution of the skeletal system in vertebrates. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) parasite-host interactions in the Great Lakes

Science.gov (United States)

Bence, James R.; Bergstedt, Roger A.; Christie, Gavin C.; Cochran, Phillip A.; Ebener, Mark P.; Koonce, Joseph F.; Rutter, Michael A.; Swink, William D.

2003-01-01

Prediction of how host mortality responds to efforts to control sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) is central to the integrated management strategy for sea lamprey (IMSL) in the Great Lakes. A parasite-host submodel is used as part of this strategy, and this includes a type-2 multi-species functional response, a developmental response, but no numerical response. General patterns of host species and size selection are consistent with the model assumptions, but some observations appear to diverge. For example, some patterns in sea lamprey marking on hosts suggest increases in selectivity for less preferred hosts and lower host survival when preferred hosts are scarce. Nevertheless, many of the IMSL assumptions may be adequate under conditions targeted by fish community objectives. Of great concern is the possibility that the survival of young parasites (parasitic-phase sea lampreys) varies substantially among lakes or over time. Joint analysis of abundance estimates for parasites being produced in streams and returning spawners could address this. Data on sea lamprey marks is a critical source of information on sea lamprey activity and potential effects. Theory connecting observed marks to sea lamprey feeding activity and host mortality is reviewed. Uncertainties regarding healing and attachment times, the probability of hosts surviving attacks, and problems in consistent classification of marks have led to widely divergent estimates of damages caused by sea lamprey. Laboratory and field studies are recommended to provide a firmer linkage between host blood loss, host mortality, and observed marks on surviving hosts, so as to improve estimates of damage.

Conceptos básicos de programación genética

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Jesús Martínez Páez

2001-04-01

Full Text Available La Programación Genética, PG, es un retoño de los Algoritmos Genéticos, en la cual los cromosomas que sufren la adaptación son en sí mismos programas de computador. Se usan operadores genéticos  especializados que generalizan la recombinación sexual y la mutación, para los programas de computador estructurados en árbol que están bajo adaptación.

Effects of sex pheromones and sexual maturation on locomotor activity in female sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

Science.gov (United States)

Walaszczyk, Erin J.; Johnson, Nicholas S.; Steibel, Juan Pedro; Li, Weiming

2013-01-01

Synchronization of male and female locomotor rhythmicity can play a vital role in ensuring reproductive success. Several physiological and environmental factors alter these locomotor rhythms. As sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, progress through their life cycle, their locomotor activity rhythm changes multiple times. The goal of this study was to elucidate the activity patterns of adult female sea lamprey during the sexual maturation process and discern the interactions of these patterns with exposure to male pheromones. During these stages, preovulated and ovulated adult females are exposed to sex pheromone compounds, which are released by spermiated males and attract ovulated females to the nest for spawning. The locomotor behavior of adult females was monitored in a natural stream with a passive integrated tag responder system as they matured, and they were exposed to a sex pheromone treatment (spermiated male washings) or a control (prespermiated male washings). Results showed that, dependent on the hour of day, male sex pheromone compounds reduce total activity (p reproductive synchrony of mature adults, thus increasing reproductive success in this species.

PCB concentrations and activity of sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus vary by sex

Science.gov (United States)

Madenjian, Charles P.; Johnson, Nicholas S.; Binder, Thomas R.; Rediske, Richard R.; O'Keefe, James P.

2013-01-01

We determined the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations of 40 male and 40 female adult sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus captured in the Cheboygan River, a tributary to Lake Huron, during May 2011. In addition, we performed a laboratory experiment using passive integrated transponder tags to determine whether male adult sea lampreys were more active than female adult sea lampreys. Sex had a significant effect on PCB concentration, and PCB concentration at a given level of sea lamprey condition was approximately 25 % greater in males than in females. Adjusting for the difference in condition between the sexes, males averaged a 17 % greater PCB concentration compared with females. Results from the laboratory experiment indicated that males were significantly more active than females. The observed sex difference in PCB concentrations was not due to female sea lampreys releasing eggs at spawning because the sea lamprey is semelparous, and we caught the sea lampreys before spawning. Rather, we attributed the sex difference in PCB concentrations to a greater rate of energy expenditure in males compared with females. We proposed that this greater rate of energy expenditure was likely due to greater activity. Our laboratory experiment results supported this hypothesis. A greater resting metabolic rate may also have contributed to a greater rate of energy expenditure. Our findings should eventually be applicable toward improving control of sea lamprey, a pest responsible for considerable damage to fisheries in lakes where it is not native.

CLONACIÓN Y FILOGENIA MOLECULAR DE UN SEGMENTO DEL GEN CODANTE DE LA ACTINA DE MYRCIARIA DUBIA “CAMU-CAMU”: UN CANDIDATO PARA GEN DE REFERENCIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Carlos Castro Gómez

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Myrciaria dubia “camu-camu” es un frutal amazónico caracterizado por su amplia variación de vitamina C. Pero los estudios genético moleculares que puedan explicar esta variación son limitados. Por ello nuestro objetivo fue realizar la clonación y filogenia molecular de un segmento del gen codante de la actina de M. dubia. Las muestras fueron obtenidas de la colección de germoplasma del INIA. Luego, el ARN fue purificado y mediante RT-PCR con cebadores degenerados se amplificó un segmento del gen. En base a la secuencia obtenida se diseñaron cebadores específicos para PCR en tiempo real. Los resultados muestran que se ha aislado, clonado y secuenciado un segmento del gen codante de actina de M. dubia y detectado su expresión en hojas, pulpa y cáscara de M. dubia. Así, con el soporte de herramientas bioinformáticas y uso de técnicas de biología molecular hemos aislado, clonado y secuenciado un segmento del gen codante de la actina de M. dubia. Asimismo, los análisis realizados muestran que el gen se expresa y presenta niveles similares de expresión en hojas, pulpa y cáscara de M. dubia. Sin embargo, es necesario realizar más experimentos a fin de verificar su estabilidad de expresión.

Safety Design Criteria (SDC) for Gen-IV Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakai, Ryodai

2013-01-01

SDC Development Background & Objectives: • Safety Design Criteria (SDC) Development for Gen-IV SFR: – Proposed at the GIF Policy Group (PG) meeting in October 2010 –SDC “harmonization” is increasingly important for: • Realization of enhanced safety designs meeting to Gen-IV safety goals and safety approach common to SFR systems; • Preparation for the forthcoming licensing in the near future; • Because Gen-IV SFR are progressing into conceptual design stage. • The SDC is the Reference criteria: – Of the designs of safety-related Structures, Systems & Components that are specific to the SFR system; – For clarifying the requisites systematically & comprehensively; – When the technology developers apply the basic safety approach and use the codes & standards for conceptual design of the Gen-IV SFR system

Aproximación genómica al diagnóstico genético de las distrofias hereditarias de retina y búsqueda de nuevos genes relacionados

OpenAIRE

González del Pozo, María

2014-01-01

Diagnosticar genéticamente a las familias afectas de alguna de las distrofias hereditarias de retina (DHR) es, desde el punto de vista del genetista, una tarea ardua y complicada, si atendemos a la gran cantidad de genes y mutaciones reportados hasta la fecha. La gran heterogeneidad clínica y genética que caracteriza a este conjunto de enfermedades, es sin duda el mayor impedimento para su resolución genética. En este escenario, el empleo de herramientas cada vez más poderosas es indispensabl...

Genética e hanseníase

OpenAIRE

Beiguelman Bernardo

2002-01-01

As diferentes linhas de pesquisa utilizadas para investigar a importância dos fatores hereditários humanos na determinação da resistência/suscetibilidade à infecção pelo Mycobacterium leprae foram discutidas no presente trabalho. Uma síntese dessas abordagens permitiu analisar os resultados das investigações sobre associação da hanseníase com polimorfismos genéticos, distribuição familial da hanseníase, prevalência da hanseníase e distância genética, concordância da hanseníase em gêmeos e est...

Analisis Mutasi Gen Protein X Virus Hbv Pada Penderita Hepatitis B Akut Di Manado

OpenAIRE

Fatimawali; Kepel, Billy

2014-01-01

Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan hepatitis B kronis menjadi kanker hati antara lain mutasi pada gen x. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gen protein x virus HBV dan menganalisis apakah terjadi mutasi gen yang terkait dengan munculnya tumor ganas sirosis hati (HCC). Penelitian ini menggunakan primer untuk proses nested PCR yang telah dirancang sebelumnya. Proses nested PCR terhadap 10 sampel DNA HBV pasien dilakukan untuk mengamplifikasi fragmen DNA gen x dilanjutkan ...

Craniostenose em gêmeos: estudo genético

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Walter Carlos Pereira

1968-09-01

Full Text Available É relatada a ocorrência de formas clínicas diversas de craniostenose em gêmeos de sexo diferente. A menina apresentava obliteração completa da sutura coronaria e dos dois terços anteriores da sutura sagital; no menino a sutura sagital era a única afetada. O estudo genético mostrou que a craniostenose independe de aberrações cromossômicas, indicando ser transmitida por gens recessivos raros de natureza autossômica.

The effects of bis(tributyltin) oxide on the development, reproduction and sex ratio of calanoid copepod Pseudodiaptomus marinus

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Ying; Zhu, Liyan; Liu, Guangxing

2006-08-01

In order to study the biological effects by bis(tributyltin) oxide (TBTO) exposure, chronic toxicity tests were conducted on the calanoid copepod Pseudodiaptomus marinus over two generations. The results indicated that nauplii were more sensitive than copepodites. F1 copepods were more vulnerable than F0 copepods and a drastic increase in mortality was observed as the TBTO concentration became higher. Exposure of copepods to 60 ng l -1 TBTO concentration reduced the fecundity and resulted in some females being infecund (in the F0 generation). The time to the first egg sac for females in the F1 generation exposed to 6 ng l -1 TBTO concentration was significantly reduced, and the fecundity of this generation was increased. The female-to-male ratio in the F1 generation exposed to 20 ng l -1 TBTO concentration was significantly reduced. These results show that the current ambient TBT concentration may influence populations of copepods in the coastal environment.

A Virtual Reality Framework to Optimize Design, Operation and Refueling of GEN-IV Reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rizwan-uddin; Nick Karancevic; Stefano Markidis; Joel Dixon; Cheng Luo; Jared Reynolds

2008-01-01

Many GEN-IV candidate designs are currently under investigation. Technical issues related to material, safety and economics are being addressed at research laboratories, industry and in academia. After safety, economic feasibility is likely to be the most important criterion in the success of GEN-IV design(s). Lessons learned from the designers and operators of GEN-II (and GEN-III) reactors must play a vital role in achieving both safety and economic feasibility goals

A Virtual Reality Framework to Optimize Design, Operation and Refueling of GEN-IV Reactors.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rizwan-uddin; Nick Karancevic; Stefano Markidis; Joel Dixon; Cheng Luo; Jared Reynolds

2008-04-23

many GEN-IV candidate designs are currently under investigation. Technical issues related to material, safety and economics are being addressed at research laboratories, industry and in academia. After safety, economic feasibility is likely to be the most important crterion in the success of GEN-IV design(s). Lessons learned from the designers and operators of GEN-II (and GEN-III) reactors must play a vital role in achieving both safety and economic feasibility goals.

Transformação genética em espécies florestais.

OpenAIRE

Claudia Studart-Guimarães; Cristiano Lacorte; Ana Cristina Miranda Brasileiro

2010-01-01

A transformação genética, que compreende a introdução de genes exógenos de forma controlada no genoma de uma célula vegetal e posterior regeneração da planta transgênica, tem contribuído com os programas de melhoramento genético de plantas pela obtenção de genótipos com novas características de interesse. O melhoramento de espécies florestais é limitado por características intrínsecas a tais espécies, como a altura dos indivíduos e o ciclo longo de vida. A transformação genética constitui, po...

Preserving Accuracy in GenBank

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bidartondo, M.I.; Bruns, T. D.; Blackwell, M.

2008-01-01

GenBank, the public repository for nucleotide and protein sequences, is a critical resource for molecular biology, evolutionary biology, and ecology. While some attention has been drawn to sequence errors (1), common annotation errors also reduce the value of this database. In fact, for organisms...

GenMAPP 2: new features and resources for pathway analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dahlquist Kam D

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Microarray technologies have evolved rapidly, enabling biologists to quantify genome-wide levels of gene expression, alternative splicing, and sequence variations for a variety of species. Analyzing and displaying these data present a significant challenge. Pathway-based approaches for analyzing microarray data have proven useful for presenting data and for generating testable hypotheses. Results To address the growing needs of the microarray community we have released version 2 of Gene Map Annotator and Pathway Profiler (GenMAPP, a new GenMAPP database schema, and integrated resources for pathway analysis. We have redesigned the GenMAPP database to support multiple gene annotations and species as well as custom species database creation for a potentially unlimited number of species. We have expanded our pathway resources by utilizing homology information to translate pathway content between species and extending existing pathways with data derived from conserved protein interactions and coexpression. We have implemented a new mode of data visualization to support analysis of complex data, including time-course, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, and splicing. GenMAPP version 2 also offers innovative ways to display and share data by incorporating HTML export of analyses for entire sets of pathways as organized web pages. Conclusion GenMAPP version 2 provides a means to rapidly interrogate complex experimental data for pathway-level changes in a diverse range of organisms.

Update History of This Database - GenLibi | LSDB Archive [Life Science Database Archive metadata

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available switchLanguage; BLAST Search Image Search Home About Archive Update History Data ...List Contact us GenLibi Update History of This Database Date Update contents 2014/03/25 GenLibi English archi...base Description Download License Update History of This Database Site Policy | Contact Us Update History of This Database - GenLibi | LSDB Archive ... ...ve site is opened. 2007/03/01 GenLibi ( http://gene.biosciencedbc.jp/ ) is opened. About This Database Data

Sistema inmune y genética: un abordaje diferente a la diversidad de anticuerpos.

OpenAIRE

Matta Camacho, Nubia Estela

2011-01-01

RESUMEN Es común encontrar en los libros de inmunología o de genética un capítulo con el título de “sistema inmune y genética”, sin embargo su asociación se centra en cómo la generación de anticuerpos rompió el paradigma “un gen, una proteína”, pues en el caso de la producción de anticuerpos, un gen produce millones de proteínas. El sistema inmune tiene muchos vínculos con la genética y la herencia; esta asociación se da porque cualquier sustancia o compuesto que produzca un organi...

Perda auditiva genética Genetic hearing loss

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Godinho

2003-01-01

Full Text Available O progresso das pesquisas relacionadas à perda auditiva genética tem provocado um importante avanço do entendimento dos mecanismos moleculares que governam o desenvolvimento, a função, a resposta ao trauma e o envelhecimento do ouvido interno. Em países desenvolvidos, mais de 50% dos casos de surdez na infância é causada por alterações genéticas e as perdas auditivas relacionadas à idade têm sido associadas com mecanismos genéticos. OBJETIVO: O objetivo desta revisão é relatar as informações mais recentes relacionadas às perdas audtivas de origem genética. FORAMA DE ESTUDO: Revisão sistemática. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: A revisão da literatura inclui artigos indexados à MEDLINE (Biblioteca Nacional de Saúde, NIH-USA e publicados nos últimos 3 anos, além das informações disponíveis na Hereditary Hearing Loss Home Page. CONCLUSÃO: Os recentes avanços no entendimento das perdas auditivas de origem genética têm favorecido a nossa compreensão da função auditiva e tornado o diagnóstico mais apurado. Possivelmente, no futuro, este conhecimento também proporcionará o desenvolvimento de novas terapias para o tratamento das causas genéticas das perdas auditivas.The progress in the research of genetic hearing loss has advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that govern inner ear development, function and response to injury and aging. In the developed world, over 50% of childhood deafness is attributable to genetic causes and even age-related hearing loss has been associated with genetic mechanisms. AIM: The objective of this review is to summarize recent knowledge in genetic hearing loss. STUDY DESIGN: Sistematic review. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The literature review included articles indexed at MEDLINE (The National Library of Medicine, The National Institute of Health - USA focusing on publications from the past 3 years plus the information available at the Hereditary Hearing Loss Home Page. CONCLUSION

KARAKTERISTIK SEKUEN cDNA PENGKODE GEN ANTI VIRUS DARI UDANG WINDU, Penaeus monodon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andi Parenrengi

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Transgenesis pada ikan merupakan sebuah teknik modern yang berpotensi besar dalam menghasilkan organisme yang memiliki karakter lebih baik melalui rekombinan DNA gen target termasuk gen anti virus dalam peningkatan resistensi pada udang. Gen anti virus PmAV (Penaeus monodon Anti Viral gene merupakan salah satu gen pengkode anti virus yang berasal dari spesies krustase. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik gen anti virus yang diisolasi dari udang windu, Penaeus monodon. Isolasi gen anti virus menggunakan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR dan selanjutnya dipurifikasi untuk sekuensing. Data yang dihasilkan dianalisis dengan program Genetyx Versi 7 dan basic local alignment search tool (BLAST. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gen anti virus PmAV yang berhasil diisolasi dari cDNA udang windu dengan panjang sekuen 520 bp yang mengkodekan 170 asam amino. BLAST-N menunjukkan tingkat similaritas yang sangat tinggi (100% dengan gen anti virus yang ada di GeneBank. Komposisi asam amino penyusun gen anti virus yang paling besar adalah serin (10,00%, sedangkan yang terkecil adalah asam amino prolin dan lisin masing-masing 1,76%. Analisis sekuen gen dan deduksi asam amino (BLAST-P memperlihatkan adanya C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD yang memiliki kemiripan dengan gen C-type lectin yang diisolasi dari beberapa spesies krustase. Transgenic fish technology is a potential modern technique in producing better character organism through DNA recombinant of target genes including anti viral gene for improvement of shrimp immunity. PmAV (Penaeus monodon Anti Viral gene is one of anti viral genes isolated from crustacean species. The research was conducted to analyze the characteristics anti viral gene isolated from tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon. Anti viral gene was isolated using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR technique and then purified for sequencing. Data obtained were analyzed using Genetyx Version 7 software and basic local alignment

Algoritmos genéticos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Jesús Martínez Páez

1998-10-01

Full Text Available Esta técnica se basa en el concepto de evolución a través de selección de los mejores individuos, y de los operadores genéticos de selección, reproducción y mutación. Se trata entonces, de definir un espacio de soluciones para el problema que se quiere solucionar, en una cadena de bits. A esto se le conoce como la codificación del cromosoma, donde cada bit, denominado gen  tiene cierto significado especial. Inicialmente el algoritmo genera al azar muchas de estas cadenas o seres, es decir, una población, que luego confronta can un ambiente, que es el problema solucionar o función que se quiere optimizar. De esta confrontación  o evaluación a que se somete cada ser. Se obtiene información sobre cómo se comporto cada uno. A través de métodos aleatorios, pero con probabilidad de selección proporcional a su comportamiento, es decir, a mejor comportamiento mayor probabilidad, se selecciona una nueva población de seres supuestamente mejores que la generación anterior.

Ekspresi Gen CYP19 Aromatase, Estrogen, Androgen pada penderita Periodontitis Agresif

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dahlia Herawati

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Kepadatan tulang tubuh ditentukan oleh gen CYP19 aromatase, hormon estrogen dan androgen. Pada periodontitis agresif terjadi perkembangan cepat kerusakan tulang alveolar, dan kerusakan tulang alveoler tersebut tidak diimbangioleh regenerasi tulang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menunjukkan ekspresi gen CYP19 aromatase, estrogen, androgen pada penderita periodontitis agresif agar dapat untuk menjadi pertimbangan pada saat melakukan perawatan periodontal. Metode penelitian, pemeriksaan ekspresi gen aromatse CYP19 berasal dari spesimen tulang alveolar menggunakan imunohistokimia, pengukuran hormon estrogen dan androgen dari serum menggunakan Vidas: Elfa. Hasil penelitian ekspresi gene CYP19 aromatase pada periodontitis agresif menunjukkan gambaran lebih rendah densitasnya dibandingkan pada nonperiodontitis. Estrogen dan androgen pad aperiodontitis agresif ada kecenderungan lebih rendah dibandingkan pada nonperiodontitis. Kesimpulan regenerasi tulang alveoler pad a periodontitis agresif terhambat karena sedikitnya gen CYP19 aromatase dan hormon estrogen dan androgen yang berperan pada pembentukan tulang alveoler kurang memadai.

La genética de las poblaciones centroamericanas

OpenAIRE

Barrantes, Ramiro

2005-01-01

Las poblaciones centroamericanas no han sido objeto de muchos estudios genéticos con la excepción de análisis esporádicos de la variación entre y dentro de los grupos amerindios y de origen africano ubicados en el área. No obstante, en los últimos 15 años se efectuaron investigaciones sistemáticas en este sentido incluyendo poblaciones mestizas, particularmente las de Costa Rica y Panamá. En los amerindios se efectuaron estudios detallados de su estructura genética y las relaciones filogenéti...

Traffic Generator (TrafficGen) Version 1.4.2: Users Guide

Science.gov (United States)

2016-06-01

the network with Transmission Control Protocol and User Datagram Protocol Internet Protocol traffic. Each node generating network traffic in an...TrafficGen Graphical User Interface (GUI) 3 3.1 Anatomy of the User Interface 3 3.2 Scenario Configuration and MGEN Files 4 4. Working with...for public release; distribution is unlimited. vi List of Figures Fig. 1 TrafficGen user interface

A new clarification method to visualize biliary degeneration during liver metamorphosis in sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

Science.gov (United States)

Chung-Davidson, Yu-Wen; Davidson, Peter J.; Scott, Anne M.; Walaszczyk, Erin J.; Brant, Cory O.; Buchinger, Tyler; Johnson, Nicholas S.; Li, Weiming

2014-01-01

Biliary atresia is a rare disease of infancy, with an estimated 1 in 15,000 frequency in the southeast United States, but more common in East Asian countries, with a reported frequency of 1 in 5,000 in Taiwan. Although much is known about the management of biliary atresia, its pathogenesis is still elusive. The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) provides a unique opportunity to examine the mechanism and progression of biliary degeneration. Sea lamprey develop through three distinct life stages: larval, parasitic, and adult. During the transition from larvae to parasitic juvenile, sea lamprey undergo metamorphosis with dramatic reorganization and remodeling in external morphology and internal organs. In the liver, the entire biliary system is lost, including the gall bladder and the biliary tree. A newly-developed method called “CLARITY” was modified to clarify the entire liver and the junction with the intestine in metamorphic sea lamprey. The process of biliary degeneration was visualized and discerned during sea lamprey metamorphosis by using laser scanning confocal microscopy. This method provides a powerful tool to study biliary atresia in a unique animal model.

TRANSFER GEN ANTIVIRUS PADA EMBRIO UDANG WINDU, Penaeus monodon DALAM BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI DEOXYRIBO NUCLEIC ACID

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andi Parenrengi

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Teknologi transgenesis khususnya rekayasa genetik untuk menghasilkan udang windu resisten penyakit merupakan salah satu strategi yang dapat dilakukan dalam upaya pemecahan masalah penyakit yang menimpa budidaya udang windu. Teknologi transgenesis khususnya transfer gen antivirus pada udang windu telah berhasil dilakukan melalui teknik transfeksi. Meskipun demikian optimalisasi komponen teknologi tersebut masih perlu dilakukan. Konsentrasi DNA gen merupakan salah satu komponen teknologi transgenesis yang harus dioptimalkan untuk mendapatkan efisiensi dalam transfer gen. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi DNA gen antivirus yang optimal sebagai bahan transfer gen ke embrio menggunakan metode transfeksi. Embrio udang windu yang diperoleh dari hasil pemijahan induk asal Aceh, dikoleksi 5-10 menit setelah memijah dengan kepadatan 625 telur/2 mL. Transfeksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan media larutan transfeksi jetPEI dengan konsentrasi DNA gen antivirus sebagai perlakuan, yakni: 5, 10, dan 15 µg serta kontrol positif (tanpa plasmid DNA dan negatif (tanpa plasmid DNA dan larutan transfeksi, masing-masing 3 ulangan. Embrio hasil transfeksi ditetaskan pada stoples berisi air laut sebanyak 2 L yang diletakkan pada waterbath. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gen antivirus telah berhasil diintroduksi ke embrio udang windu. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan konsentrasi DNA (5-15 µg tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05 terhadap daya tetas embrio udang windu. Analisis ekspresi gen pada larva udang windu juga menunjukkan adanya aktivitas ekspresi gen antivirus pada semua perlakuan konsentrasi DNA, di mana ekspresi gen antivirus pada larva transgenik lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol (tanpa transfeksi. Sintasan pasca-larva PL-1 yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini adalah 12,0%; 10,0%; 10,6%; 12,3%; dan 14,2% masing-masing untuk perlakuan konsentrasi plasmid DNA 5 µg, 10 µg, 15 µg, kontrol positif dan negatif, di mana

Mejoramiento genético acelerado de angiospermas perennes vía inducción floral por sobre-expresión del gen FT

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Urrea López

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Los bosques y selvas enfrentan el reto de satisfacer la demanda por recursos de una población en crecimiento, así como la amenaza del rápido cambio climático que exacerba la magnitud y frecuencia de estreses bióticos y abióticos. Para ello, es urgente acelerar el mejoramiento genético de especies forestales. Sin embargo, sus largas etapas juveniles y asincronía floral retrasan peligrosamente este proceso. El presente ensayo explora los adelantos biotecnológicos en inducción floral y su potencial aplicación en especies forestales. Entre los genes identificados y caracterizados que participan en la ruta de señalización de la floración, especial atención se destina al gen FLOWERING LOCUS T, considerado un integrador de rutas de señalización altamente conservado entre las angiospermas, que, al sobre-expresarse por ingeniería genética, es capaz de inducir la floración de forma eficiente. Esta novedosa estrategia biotecnológica se ha utilizado, recientemente, para segregar genes de resistencia a enfermedades, en un menor tiempo, en germoplasma comercial de manzana y ciruela. Permite soslayar barreras naturales que por mucho tiempo han restringido a las especies forestales al mejoramiento por selección, principalmente. Entre sus ventajas está la de poder restringirla al proceso y no al producto, para acelerar las cruzas sexuales sin modificar genéticamente la progenie; se aleja así de la controversia alrededor de la liberación y consumo de organismos genéticamente modificados, y de los costos y trámites obligatorios para los OGM para monitoreo de posibles riesgos. Se proyecta como una tecnología que puede acelerar, significativamente, el mejoramiento de especies forestales.

Aconselhamento genético Genetic counseling

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

João Monteiro de Pina-Neto

2008-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Esta revisão sobre aconselhamento genético (AG teve o objetivo de mostrar os conceitos atuais e os princípios filosóficos e éticos aceitos na grande maioria dos países e recomendados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, as fases do processo, seus resultados e o impacto psicológico de uma doença genética em uma família. FONTES DOS DADOS: Os conceitos apresentados são baseados em uma síntese histórica da literatura sobre AG desde a década de 1930 até o momento atual, sendo que os artigos citados representam os principais trabalhos publicados e que hoje fundamentam a teoria e a prática do AG. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: O AG modernamente é definido como um processo de comunicação que trata dos problemas humanos relacionados à ocorrência de uma doença genética em uma família. É fundamental que os profissionais da saúde conheçam os aspectos psicológicos desencadeados pela doença genética e como estes aspectos podem ser manejados. Vivemos ainda na genética humana e médica uma fase de predomínio dos aspectos técnicos e científicos e de pouca ênfase no estudo das reações emocionais e dos processos de adaptação das pessoas a estas doenças, o que leva ao baixo entendimento dos clientes sobre os fatos ocorridos, com conseqüências negativas sobre a vida familiar e para a sociedade. CONCLUSÕES: Conclui-se pela necessidade de que as famílias com doenças genéticas sejam encaminhadas para AG e que os profissionais desta área invistam mais na humanização do atendimento, desenvolvendo mais as técnicas do AG psicológico não-diretivo.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review of genetic counseling (GC is to describe the current concepts and philosophical and ethical principles accepted by the great majority of countries and recommended by the World Health Organization, the stages of the process, its results and the psychological impact that a genetic disease has on a family. SOURCES: The concepts presented are

Estudio de la variabilidad genética en camélidos bolivianos

OpenAIRE

Barreta Pinto, Julia

2013-01-01

El estudio de los camélidos sudamericanos es de gran interés en los países andinoscomo Perú, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina, debido a su importante valor económico y suimportancia en el mantenimiento y desarrollo de las poblaciones rurales en dichos países. Dada la falta de estudios genéticos centrados en las poblaciones de camélidos quehabitan en Bolivia, y la necesidad de realizar una valoración de la diversidad genética deestas poblaciones, la presente Tesis doctoral ha abordado el estudio gené...

ASN’s actions in GEN IV reactors and Sodium Fast Reactors (SFR)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belot, Clotilde

2013-01-01

The ASN is involved in 3 actions concerning GEN IV: • Overview of nuclear reactor GEN IV systems; • Specific analysis about transmutation; • Prototype reactor ASTRID (SFR). Furthermore theses actions are in the beginning (no conclusions or results available)

SIPSMetGen: It's Not Just For Aircraft Data and ECS Anymore.

Science.gov (United States)

Schwab, M.

2015-12-01

The SIPSMetGen utility, developed for the NASA EOSDIS project, under the EED contract, simplified the creation of file level metadata for the ECS System. The utility has been enhanced for ease of use, efficiency, speed and increased flexibility. The SIPSMetGen utility was originally created as a means of generating file level spatial metadata for Operation IceBridge. The first version created only ODL metadata, specific for ingest into ECS. The core strength of the utility was, and continues to be, its ability to take complex shapes and patterns of data collection point clouds from aircraft flights and simplify them to a relatively simple concave hull geo-polygon. It has been found to be a useful and easy to use tool for creating file level metadata for many other missions, both aircraft and satellite. While the original version was useful it had its limitations. In 2014 Raytheon was tasked to make enhancements to SIPSMetGen, this resulted a new version of SIPSMetGen which can create ISO Compliant XML metadata; provides optimization and streamlining of the algorithm for creating the spatial metadata; a quicker runtime with more consistent results; a utility that can be configured to run multi-threaded on systems with multiple processors. The utility comes with a java based graphical user interface to aid in configuration and running of the utility. The enhanced SIPSMetGen allows more diverse data sets to be archived with file level metadata. The advantage of archiving data with file level metadata is that it makes it easier for data users, and scientists to find relevant data. File level metadata unlocks the power of existing archives and metadata repositories such as ECS and CMR and search and discovery utilities like Reverb and Earth Data Search. Current missions now using SIPSMetGen include: Aquarius, Measures, ARISE, and Nimbus.

O futuro da epidemiologia genética de características complexas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Feitosa Mary F.

2002-01-01

Full Text Available A epidemiologia genética evoluiu de um enfoque em estudos sobre doenças mendelianas raras para a análise genética de características complexas. Com o advento de informações sobre a completa seqüência de genes ao longo do genoma humano e de outros organismos, o interesse da epidemiologia genética em desvendar a natureza dos fatores que influenciam essas características se tornou primordial. São apresentados os principais métodos empregados no estudo de doenças complexas bem como suas principais vantagens e desvantagens. Discute-se a importância na determinação da amostra e o uso de fenótipos e marcadores genéticos apropriados. Como exemplo das estratégias citadas tomamos o estudo de índice de massa corporal (BMI para ilustrar um fator genético principal localizado no cromossomo 7. Em uma discussão sobre tendências no estudo de ligação, embora reconhecendo que famílias e genealogias continuarão sendo o foco principal das amostras, discute-se alguns novos e eficientes tipos de amostragem (como por exemplo, controles não-relacionados em que amostras de conjunto de DNA serão universalmente empregadas. O reconhecimento da heterogeneidade genética entre estudos e sua interpretação será uma das mais importantes características no futuro das análises de características complexas.

Doping Genético e Eugenia: Diálogos além do esporte

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tiago Vieira Bomtempo

2016-01-01

Full Text Available La ingeniería genética trajo posibilidades antes inimaginables, en la que no hace mucho tiempo era visto sólo en las películas. De la terapia génica, dirigida hacia una corrección o cura de una enfermedad, pasa a la posibilidad del mejoramiento genético, actualmente vislumbrado en el mundo del deporte con el doping genético. ¿Pero, el doping genético no estaría violando el derecho al patrimonio genético no modificado? Aunque la intervención genética no se transmita a los descendentes, habría un mejoramiento genético, que afectaría el genoma del atleta y lo diferenciaría de los demás atletas y otros individuos, hiriendo el principio de igualdad en detrimento de la autonomía privada, pudiéndose estar hablando inicialmente de una relación de dominación, aunque sea en razón al rendimiento físico en el deporte. En este sentido, estas innovaciones que atraviesan el campo de la ingeniería genética, infunden una preocupación acerca de la manipulación genética en las generaciones futuras, punto de discusión no sólo biomédica, sino también bioético y biojurídico. Así, surge una preocupación si estos nuevos avances pueden afectar a la dignidad humana delante de una posible eugenesia, debido a la proyección de personas y la consecuente discriminación por determinada identidad genética. Junto a esto, el objetivo de este artículo es investigar si el dopaje genético ofendería el derecho al patrimonio genético no modificado y los derechos de las generaciones futuras, dando lugar a una nueva forma de eugenesia, al no permitir el ejercicio igualitario de las libertades fundamentales. Por lo tanto, se hace necesaria una investigación basada en los autores de la bioética y el bioderecho, así como también los textos legales nacionales e internacionales que involucran el tema. Es indispensable la discusión de estas cuestiones, sobre todo con la proximidad de los Juegos Olímpicos de Verano en Brasil en este año 2016

Microsatélites, distancias genéticas y estructura de poblaciones nativas sudamericanas

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Demarchi, Darío Alfredo

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se investigaron las relaciones genéticas entre 17 poblaciones nativas sudamericanas en relación a 15 microsatélites (STRs autosómicos, utilizando 3 distancias genéticas- DST, DAy (δu2-que se ajustan a diferentes postulados teóricos. A través de diferentes técnicas de análisis (escalamiento multidimensional, correlación y correlación parcial de matrices se puso a prueba si las distancias genéticas reflejaban las relaciones interpoblacionales esperadas a partir de la distribución geográfica o de relaciones lingüísticas entre las poblaciones. Además, se estimó en que grado las distintas medidas de distancias genéticas eran influenciadas por la diversidad (He de cada población. Los mapas genéticos muestran, principalmente para DST y DA, que las poblaciones aisladas y con bajo tamaño efectivo (Ne aparecen como outliers, mientras que las poblaciones con alto Ne y mayor flujo génico ocupan una posición central a bajos valores de distancia unas de otras y sin un patrón definido de agrupamiento. La falta de asociación entre distancias genéticas y lingüísticas o geográficas y por otra parte, la alta correlación negativa entre He y distancias génicas promedio por población confiman ese patrón, demostrando que la mayor parte de la variación interpoblacional puede ser explicada en función del grado de diversidad intrapoblacional. Es decir, las distancias genéticas no reflejan relaciones filogenéticas, lingüísticas o geográficas, sino más bien eventos demográficos recientes tales como cuellos de botella genético, efecto fundador o migración externa masiva. Este hecho puede ser comprobado por medio de otra metodología analítica, el modelo de Harpending y Ward.

Safer Systems: A NextGen Aviation Safety Strategic Goal

Science.gov (United States)

Darr, Stephen T.; Ricks, Wendell R.; Lemos, Katherine A.

2008-01-01

The Joint Planning and Development Office (JPDO), is charged by Congress with developing the concepts and plans for the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). The National Aviation Safety Strategic Plan (NASSP), developed by the Safety Working Group of the JPDO, focuses on establishing the goals, objectives, and strategies needed to realize the safety objectives of the NextGen Integrated Plan. The three goal areas of the NASSP are Safer Practices, Safer Systems, and Safer Worldwide. Safer Practices emphasizes an integrated, systematic approach to safety risk management through implementation of formalized Safety Management Systems (SMS) that incorporate safety data analysis processes, and the enhancement of methods for ensuring safety is an inherent characteristic of NextGen. Safer Systems emphasizes implementation of safety-enhancing technologies, which will improve safety for human-centered interfaces and enhance the safety of airborne and ground-based systems. Safer Worldwide encourages coordinating the adoption of the safer practices and safer systems technologies, policies and procedures worldwide, such that the maximum level of safety is achieved across air transportation system boundaries. This paper introduces the NASSP and its development, and focuses on the Safer Systems elements of the NASSP, which incorporates three objectives for NextGen systems: 1) provide risk reducing system interfaces, 2) provide safety enhancements for airborne systems, and 3) provide safety enhancements for ground-based systems. The goal of this paper is to expose avionics and air traffic management system developers to NASSP objectives and Safer Systems strategies.

Genetic similarity between coriander genotypes using ISSR markers Similaridade genética entre genótipos de coentro por marcadores ISSR

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Roberto de A Melo

2011-12-01

Full Text Available With the development of new cultivars, a precise genetic characterization is essential for improvement programs or for cultivar registration and protection. Molecular markers have been complementing the traditional morphological and agronomic characterization techniques because they are virtually unlimited, cover the whole genome and are not environmentally influenced. Genetic characterization constitutes the basis for studies involving estimates of genetic similarity. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the genetic similarity between ten coriander genotypes (nine cultivars and one line using ISSR markers. The cultivars used were: Americano, Asteca, Palmeira, Português, Santo, Supéria, Tabocas, Tapacurá, Verdão and the experimental line HTV-9299. The genetic similarity between the cultivars was estimated using 227 banded regions of ISSR molecular markers. The UBC 897 oligonucleotide generated the highest number of fragments (16, resulting in a higher polymorphism. The results indicate that the twenty-nine oligonucleotides chosen were satisfactory for detecting polymorphism. Based on the grouping analysis determined from the similarity data, there were two groups and two sub-groups. The calculated similarity for the genotypes varied from 52 to 75%. The lowest similarity was observed between Português and Verdão, at 52%. The highest similarity was found between Português and Palmeira, at 75%. The ISSR is efficient for identifying DNA polymorphism in coriander.Com o surgimento de novas cultivares, uma caracterização genética precisa é essencial, visando à utilização em programas de melhoramento ou para fins de registros e ou proteção de cultivares. Marcadores moleculares vêm complementando a caracterização morfológica e agronômica tradicional, uma vez que são virtualmente ilimitados, cobrem todo o genoma e não são influenciados pelo ambiente. A caracterização genética constitui a base para

Crystal Structure of a Eukaryotic GEN1 Resolving Enzyme Bound to DNA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yijin Liu

2015-12-01

Full Text Available We present the crystal structure of the junction-resolving enzyme GEN1 bound to DNA at 2.5 Å resolution. The structure of the GEN1 protein reveals it to have an elaborated FEN-XPG family fold that is modified for its role in four-way junction resolution. The functional unit in the crystal is a monomer of active GEN1 bound to the product of resolution cleavage, with an extensive DNA binding interface for both helical arms. Within the crystal lattice, a GEN1 dimer interface juxtaposes two products, whereby they can be reconnected into a four-way junction, the structure of which agrees with that determined in solution. The reconnection requires some opening of the DNA structure at the center, in agreement with permanganate probing and 2-aminopurine fluorescence. The structure shows that a relaxation of the DNA structure accompanies cleavage, suggesting how second-strand cleavage is accelerated to ensure productive resolution of the junction.

GenMapDB: a database of mapped human BAC clones

OpenAIRE

Morley, Michael; Arcaro, Melissa; Burdick, Joshua; Yonescu, Raluca; Reid, Thomas; Kirsch, Ilan R.; Cheung, Vivian G.

2001-01-01

GenMapDB (http://genomics.med.upenn.edu/genmapdb) is a repository of human bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones mapped by our laboratory to sequence-tagged site markers. Currently, GenMapDB contains over 3000 mapped clones that span 19 chromosomes, chromosomes 2, 4, 5, 9–22, X and Y. This database provides positional information about human BAC clones from the RPCI-11 human male BAC library. It also contains restriction fragment analysis data and end sequen...

Description of Guyruita gen. nov. and two new species (Ischnocolinae, Theraphosidae Descrição de Guyruita gen. nov. e duas novas espécies (Ischnocolinae, Theraphosidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José P.L. Guadanucci

2007-12-01

Full Text Available The genus Guyruita gen. nov. and two new species from Brazil are described. Holothele waikoshiemi (Bertani & Araújo, 2005 from Venezuela is transferred here to the new genus. Guyruita gen. nov. differs from the remaining Ischnocolinae by the following features: labium densely occupied by a lot of cuspules (more than 100, intercheliceral intumescence absent, posterior sternal sigilla remote from margin, tarsal claws without teeth, tarsal scopula I-II undivided (tarsus II with a line of sparse setae, which does not divide the scopula, III-IV divided.É descrito o gênero Guyruita gen. nov. e duas espécies novas do Brasil. Holothele waikoshiemi (Bertani & Araújo, 2005 da Venezuela é transferido para o novo gênero. Guyruita gen. nov. difere dos outros Ischnocolinae pelas seguintes caracterísicas: lábio densamente ocupado por muitas cúspides (mais de 100, tumescência interqueliceral ausente, sigilla esternal posterior distante da margem, unhas tarsais sem dentes, escópula tarsal I e II inteiras (tarso II com uma fileira de cerdas esparsas, as quais não dividem a escópula, III e IV divididas.

A Novel Role of Human Holliday Junction Resolvase GEN1 in the Maintenance of Centrosome Integrity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gao, M.; Danielsen, Jannie Michaela Rendtlew; Wei, L.-Z.

2012-01-01

but not catalytic activity of GEN1 is required for preventing centrosome hyper-amplification, formation of multiple mitotic spindles, and multi-nucleation. Our findings provide novel insight into the biological functions of GEN1 by uncovering an important role of GEN1 in the regulation of centrosome integrity....

Environmental Information for the U.S. Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen)

Science.gov (United States)

Murray, J.; Miner, C.; Pace, D.; Minnis, P.; Mecikalski, J.; Feltz, W.; Johnson, D.; Iskendarian, H.; Haynes, J.

2009-09-01

It is estimated that weather is responsible for approximately 70% of all air traffic delays and cancellations in the United States. Annually, this produces an overall economic loss of nearly 40B. The FAA and NASA have determined that weather impacts and other environmental constraints on the U.S. National Airspace System (NAS) will increase to the point of system unsustainability unless the NAS is radically transformed. A Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) is planned to accommodate the anticipated demand for increased system capacity and the super-density operations that this transformation will entail. The heart of the environmental information component that is being developed for NextGen will be a 4-dimensional data cube which will include a single authoritative source comprising probabilistic weather information for NextGen Air Traffic Management (ATM) systems. Aviation weather constraints and safety hazards typically comprise meso-scale, storm-scale and microscale observables that can significantly impact both terminal and enroute aviation operations. With these operational impacts in mind, functional and performance requirements for the NextGen weather system were established which require significant improvements in observation and forecasting capabilities. This will include satellite observations from geostationary and/or polar-orbiting hyperspectral sounders, multi-spectral imagers, lightning mappers, space weather monitors and other environmental observing systems. It will also require improved in situ and remotely sensed observations from ground-based and airborne systems. These observations will be used to better understand and to develop forecasting applications for convective weather, in-flight icing, turbulence, ceilings and visibility, volcanic ash, space weather and the environmental impacts of aviation. Cutting-edge collaborative research efforts and results from NASA, NOAA and the FAA which address these phenomena are summarized

The GenABEL Project for statistical genomics.

Science.gov (United States)

Karssen, Lennart C; van Duijn, Cornelia M; Aulchenko, Yurii S

2016-01-01

Development of free/libre open source software is usually done by a community of people with an interest in the tool. For scientific software, however, this is less often the case. Most scientific software is written by only a few authors, often a student working on a thesis. Once the paper describing the tool has been published, the tool is no longer developed further and is left to its own device. Here we describe the broad, multidisciplinary community we formed around a set of tools for statistical genomics. The GenABEL project for statistical omics actively promotes open interdisciplinary development of statistical methodology and its implementation in efficient and user-friendly software under an open source licence. The software tools developed withing the project collectively make up the GenABEL suite, which currently consists of eleven tools. The open framework of the project actively encourages involvement of the community in all stages, from formulation of methodological ideas to application of software to specific data sets. A web forum is used to channel user questions and discussions, further promoting the use of the GenABEL suite. Developer discussions take place on a dedicated mailing list, and development is further supported by robust development practices including use of public version control, code review and continuous integration. Use of this open science model attracts contributions from users and developers outside the "core team", facilitating agile statistical omics methodology development and fast dissemination.

Genética, performance física humana e doping genético: o senso comum versus a realidade científica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo Gonçalves Dias

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Atletas de elite são reconhecidos como fenômenos esportivos e o potencial para atingir níveis superiores de performance no esporte está parcialmente sob o controle de genes. A excelência atlética é essencialmente multifatorial e determinada por complexas interações entre fatores ambientais e genéticos. Existem aproximadamente 10 milhões de variantes genéticas dispersas por todo o genoma humano e uma parcela destas variantes têm demonstrado influenciar a responsividade ao treinamento físico. Os fenótipos de performance física humana parecem ser altamente poligênicos e alguns estudos têm comprovado a existência de raras combinações genotípicas em atletas. No entanto, os mecanismos pelos quais genes se interagem para amplificar a performance física são desconhecidos. O conhecimento sobre os genes que influenciam a treinabilidade somado ao potencial uso indevido dos avanços da terapia gênica, como a possível introdução de genes em células de atletas, fez surgir o termo doping genético, um novo e censurado método de amplificação da performance física, além dos limites fisiológicos. Aumentos na hipertrofia muscular esquelética e nos níveis de hematócrito estão sendo conseguidos através da manipulação da expressão de genes específicos, mas a grande parte das impressionáveis alterações foi obtida em experimentação com animais de laboratório. A compreensão dos resultados científicos envolvendo genética, performance física humana e doping genético é uma difícil tarefa. Com o propósito de evitar a contínua má interpretação e propagação de conceitos errôneos, esta revisão, intencionalmente, vem discutir as evidências científicas produzidas até o momento sobre o tema, permitindo a compreensão do atual "estado da arte"

Genes and proteins of Escherichia coli (GenProtEc).

Science.gov (United States)

Riley, M; Space, D B

1996-01-01

GenProtEc is a database of Escherichia coli genes and their gene products, classified by type of function and physiological role and with citations to the literature for each. Also present are data on sequence similarities among E.coli proteins with PAM values, percent identity of amino acids, length of alignment and percent aligned. The database is available as a PKZip file by ftp from mbl.edu/pub/ecoli.exe. The program runs under MS-DOS on IMB-compatible machines. GenProtEc can also be accessed through the World Wide Web at URL http://mbl.edu/html/ecoli.html.

Reflexo da interação genótipo x ambiente sobre o melhoramento genético de feijão

OpenAIRE

Pereira, Thayse Cristine Vieira; Schmit, Rodolfo; Haveroth, Eduardo José; Melo, Rita Carolina de; Coimbra, Jefferson Luís Meirelles; Guidolin, Altamir Frederico; Backes, Rogério Luiz

2015-01-01

RESUMO: O objetivo foi avaliar os componentes da variância fenotípica e estimar a influência da interação genótipo*ambiente no rendimento de grãos em feijão. Os componentes da variância fenotípica foram estimados pelo método da máxima verossimilhança restrita e do melhor preditor linear não viesado (REML/BLUP), juntamente com o espaço de inferência específico. As avaliações foram realizadas nas safras agrícolas de 2006/07 a 2011/12 no município de Lages/SC. Durante o período, 104 genótipos fo...

ANALISIS SEKUEN GEN GLUTATION PEROKSIDASE (GPX1 SEBAGAI DETEKSI STRES OKSIDATIF AKIBAT INFEKSI MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ari Yuniastuti

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Glutation merupakan antioksidan yang berperan dalam fungsi imun, dan diekspresikan secara genetik oleh urutan gen yang membentuk protein enzim Glutation Peroxidase (GPx1. Bila ekspresi gen berubah maka terjadi perubahan fungsi glutation dan kerentanan terhadap stress oksidatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah Kasus-kontrol. Sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel darah. Kelompok kasus adalah sampel darah pasien tuberkulosis paru sedangkan kelompok kontrol adalah sampel darah orang sehat. Pemeriksaan gen Glutation peroxidase (GPx1 menggunakan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR untuk melihat pita DNA pada pasien tuberkulosis par serta elektroforesis produk PCR-RFLP gen GPx1 kelompok sampel tuberkulosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara polimorfisme gen GPx1 (p=0,365 pasein tuberkulois dengan individu sehat, sehingga tidak dapat digunakan sebagai alat deteksi kerentanan terhadap stress oksidatif pada pasien tuberkulosis. Perlu penelitian lanjutan yang menggunakan sampel lebih besar dan populasi etnik yang berbeda.

Polimorfismos del gen BoLA-DRB3.2* en ganado criollo colombiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Darwin Hernández H.

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Caracterizar el polimorfismo del gen BoLA-DRB3.2* en las razas bovinas criollas y colombianas. Materiales y métodos. En 360 muestras de ADN de ocho razas bovinas criollas (Blanco Orejinegro, Casanareño, Costeño con Cuernos, Chino Santandereano, Caqueteño, Hartón del Valle, Romosinuano y San Martinero, dos razas sintéticas Colombianas (Lucerna y Velásquez y dos razas foráneas (Brahman y Holstein se evaluó el polimorfismo del gen BoLA-DRB3.2 mediante técnicas moleculares (PCR-RFLP; se calculó el número promedio de alelos (NPA, las frecuencias, la heterocigocidad esperada (He y observada (Ho, el equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg, la estructura genética y los valores de FST y FIS. Resultados. El NPA fue 14.6 ± 3.8 siendo Caqueteño la raza con mayor NPA (25 y el menor el Chino Santandereano (10. Se encontraron 41 alelos BoLA-DRB3.2* los más frecuentes fueron *28, *37, *24, *23, *20, *27, *8, *16, *39 (0.17, 0.11, 0.10, 0.09, 0.09, 0.07, 0.07 y 0.06 respectivamente. Se encontró alta diversidad genética (He = 0.878 con mayor valor en Caqueteño (0.96 y menor en San Martinero (0.81. Todas las razas se encontraron en equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg, se encontraron valores altamente significativos de diferenciación genética (FST= 0.044 y de coeficiente de endogamia (FIS = 0.249. Conclusiones. El ganado criollo colombiano posee alto polimorfismo del gen BoLA-DRB3.2* representado en los altos valores de NPA y diversidad génetica.

Variabilidade genética da produção anual da seringueira: estimativas de parâmetros genéticos e estudo de interação genótipo x ambiente Genetic variability of rubber tree annual yielding: estimates of genetic parameters and study of genotype x environment interaction

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo de Souza Gonçalves

1990-01-01

Full Text Available Selecionaram-se dezenove genótipos de seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. considerados como os melhores em vigor e produção em uma população de pés francos estabelecidos no campo de ensaios da Estação Experimental de Pindorama, com o objetivo de estudar a variabilidade genética e ambiental e a interação genótipo x ambiente sobre a produção durante cinco anos. Com base na análise da variância anual e conjunta, estimaram-se parâmetros genéticos para produção, na tentativa de quantificar o ganho genético com a seleção, e as correlações genéticas e fenotfpicas das produções ano a ano. Os resultados das análises da variância dentro de anos mostraram efeitos significativos para genótipos, sendo os efeitos da interação genótipo x ambiente altamente significativos. As estimativas de herdabilídade, no sentido amplo, ao nível de médias de parcelas, foram altas, com amplitude de 0,57 a 0,77, respectivamente, para o segundo e quinto ano de produção. As maiores percentagens de ganho genético foram obtidas no primeiro e quinto ano de produção, 39,03 e 27,57 respectivamente. Correlações genéticas e fenotípicas entre anos de sangria foram altas e significativas. Os altos valores de herdabilidade e ganho genético para o primeiro ano de sangria indicam que a seleção massal conduzida nesta fase proporciona, efetivamente, maior ganho na seleção.Nineteen rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. considered as the best in growth and yield performance, were selected from a mature seedling population in the experimental field at the Pindorama Experiment Station of the "Instituto Agronômico de Campinas", São Paulo State, Brazil. Studies were carried out aiming to assess the annual environmental influence on genetic variation in five years of yielding. Components of variance were estimated from these analyses in an attempt to quantify genotype x environment interactions. The results of the analysis of

Avaliação genética de touros usando produção em lactações completas ou parciais projetadas: 3. Confiabilidade e ganhos genéticos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Melo Cláudio Manoel Rodrigues de

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Para estudar a viabilidade de se usarem produções em lactações parciais, projetadas, na avaliação do mérito genético de touros, foram utilizadas 4595 lactações de 2254 vacas, filhas de 145 touros de 1618 matrizes, distribuídas em 18 rebanhos, com partos entre 1980 e 1997. A partir de 91, 151, 211 ou 241 dias de lactação, projetaram-se 10, 30, 50 ou 70% das lactações, para a duração da lactação observada e para 305 dias. As estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos foram obtidas pelo sistema MTDFREML. Incluíram-se no modelo, independente da característica, efeitos fixos de rebanho-ano, época de parto e idade da vaca ao parto, com termos linear e quadrático, considerando-se efeitos aleatórios de animal, efeito permanente de ambiente e erro. A média das confiabilidades, obtida por meio das produções estimadas (PE, variou de 0,60 a 0,67, utilizando-se P305 igual a 0,60. O ganho genético anual pela seleção dos touros utilizando as PE foi, em média, 24,27% maior que o ganho genético anual da P305, quando as lactações foram projetadas para a duração da lactação observada, e 25,65% superior, quando as lactações foram projetadas para P305. As confiabilidades obtidas, bem como os ganhos genéticos anuais estimados nas avaliações genéticas, usando as PE, foram semelhantes àquelas obtidas para a produção de leite até 305 dias.

Prevalencia de bacterias Gram negativas portadoras del gen blaKPC en hospitales de Colombia

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Robinson Pacheco

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Las enzimas carbapenemasas de tipo KPC tienen gran capacidad de diseminación, son causantes de epidemias y se asocian a mayor mortalidad y estancia hospitalaria. En Colombia se han venido reportando cada vez más desde 2007, pero se desconoce la prevalencia hospitalaria. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia hospitalaria del gen blaKPC. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluó la presencia del gen blaKPC y su ‘clonalidad’ en aislamientos de enterobacterias y Pseudomonas aeruginosa de pacientes hospitalizados. Resultados. De los 424 aislamientos evaluados durante el periodo de estudio, 273 cumplieron con criterios de elegibilidad, 31,1 % fue positivo para el gen blaKPC y, al ajustar por ‘clonalidad’, la positividad fue de 12,8 %. El gen blaKPC se encontró con mayor frecuencia en Klebsiella pneumoniae seguido de P. aeruginosa y otras enterobacterias. A pesar de que la unidad de cuidados intensivos aportó el mayor número de aislamientos, no se encontró un patrón más prevalente del gen blaKPC en las ellas que en las otras salas. El aparato respiratorio fue el sitio anatómico de origen con la mayor prevalencia. No se presentó estacionalidad en la frecuencia de los aislamientos portadores del gen blaKPC. Conclusión. Este estudio reveló la alta prevalencia del gen blaKPC en diferentes microorganismos aislados en varias instituciones hospitalarias del país. La extraordinaria capacidad de propagación del gen blaKPC, las dificultades del diagnóstico y la limitada disponibilidad de antibióticos plantean la apremiante necesidad de fortalecer los sistemas de vigilancia epidemiológica y ajustar oportunamente las políticas institucionales de uso racional de antibióticos con el fin de contener su diseminación a otras instituciones de salud del país.

Contribuciones de Sir Roland Fisher a la Estadística Genética

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Jaime Cuadros

2004-11-01

Full Text Available Sir Ronald Fisher (18901962 fue profesor de genética y muchas de sus innovaciones estadísticas encontraron expresión en el desarrollo de metodología en estadística genética. Sin embargo, mientras sus contribuciones en estadística matemática son fácilmente identificadas, en genética de poblaciones compartió su supremacía con Sewall Wright (1889 1988 y J. S. S. Haldane (1892 1965. Este documento muestra algunas de las mejores contribuciones de Fisher a las bases de la estadística genética, y sus interacciones con Wright y Haldane, los cuales contribuyeron al desarrollo del tema. Con la tecnología moderna, tanto la metodología la estadística como la información genética están cambiando. No obstante, muchos de los trabajos de Fisher permanecen relevantes, y pueden aun servir como una base para investigaciones futuras en el análisis estadístico de datos de DNA. El trabajo de este autor refleja su visión del papel de Ia estadística en Ia inferencia científica expresada en 1949

Caracterização e estimativa da variabilidade genética de genótipos de cebola Characterization and estimation of genetic variability of onion genotypes

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Gerson Henrique Wamser

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar genótipos de cebola cultivados em Santa Catarina e estimar a variabilidade genética existente entre os mesmos. Para isto foram avaliados quinze genótipos de cebola em dois ambientes, Ituporanga e Lages. O delineamento utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, com três repetições em cada ambiente. Foram avaliados o comprimento do pseudocaule; número de folhas por pseudocaule; diâmetro do pseudocaule; diâmetro do bulbo; altura do bulbo; peso do bulbo; relação altura:diâmetro do bulbo; produção total de bulbos; formato do bulbo; porcentagem de florescimento e porcentagem de bulbos podres. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância multivariada. Houve efeito significativo para a interação genótipos x ambientes, fato que causou diferenças nos valores de dissimilaridade em cada local. Foi elaborada uma matriz de dissimilaridade utilizando a distância de Mahalanobis. Os caracteres morfológicos e agronômicos utilizados foram suficientes para caracterizar os genótipos, indicando que os programas de melhoramento dispõem de uma ampla base genética para o desenvolvimento de novas cultivares.This study aimed to characterize onion genotypes grown in Santa Catarina state, Brazil and to estimate their genetic variability. Fifteen onion genotypes were evaluated in two locations, Ituporanga and Lages. The experimental design was of randomized blocks with three replications in each environment. We evaluated the length of the pseudostem, number of leaves per pseudostem, stem diameter, bulb diameter, height of the bulb, bulb weight, height:diameter ratio; total production of bulbs, bulb shape, flowering percentage and percentage of rotten bulbs. The data were subjected to multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed significant effects for genotype-environment interaction, fact that was reflected in the values of dissimilarity in each location. A matrix of dissimilarity was prepared

GeoBoost: accelerating research involving the geospatial metadata of virus GenBank records.

Science.gov (United States)

Tahsin, Tasnia; Weissenbacher, Davy; O'Connor, Karen; Magge, Arjun; Scotch, Matthew; Gonzalez-Hernandez, Graciela

2018-05-01

GeoBoost is a command-line software package developed to address sparse or incomplete metadata in GenBank sequence records that relate to the location of the infected host (LOIH) of viruses. Given a set of GenBank accession numbers corresponding to virus GenBank records, GeoBoost extracts, integrates and normalizes geographic information reflecting the LOIH of the viruses using integrated information from GenBank metadata and related full-text publications. In addition, to facilitate probabilistic geospatial modeling, GeoBoost assigns probability scores for each possible LOIH. Binaries and resources required for running GeoBoost are packed into a single zipped file and freely available for download at https://tinyurl.com/geoboost. A video tutorial is included to help users quickly and easily install and run the software. The software is implemented in Java 1.8, and supported on MS Windows and Linux platforms. gragon@upenn.edu. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Enhanced recovery of Arcobacter spp. using NaCl in culture media and re-assessment of the traits of Arcobacter marinus and Arcobacter halophilus isolated from marine water and shellfish.

Science.gov (United States)

Salas-Massó, Nuria; Andree, Karl B; Furones, M Dolors; Figueras, M José

2016-10-01

The genus Arcobacter is a relatively poorly known group of bacteria, and the number of new species and sequences from non-culturable strains has increased considerably in recent years. This study investigates whether using media that contain NaCl might help to improve the recovery of Arcobacter spp. from marine environments. To this aim, 62 water and shellfish samples were analysed in parallel, with both a commonly used culture method (enrichment in Arcobacter-CAT broth followed by culture on Blood Agar) and a new one that supplements the Arcobacter-CAT enrichment broth with 2.5% NaCl (w/v) followed by culturing on Marine Agar. The new method yielded ca. 40% more positive samples and provided a higher diversity of known (11 vs. 7) and unknown (7 vs. 2) Arcobacter species. Among the 11 known species recovered, Arcobacter marinus and Arcobacter halophilus were isolated only by this new method. No more strains of these species have been isolated since their original descriptions, both of which were based only on a single strain. In view of that, the phenotypic characteristics of these species are re-evaluated in the present study, using the new strains. Strains of A. halophilus had the same phenotypic profile as the type strain. However, some strains of A. marinus differed from the type strain in that they did not hydrolyse indoxyl-acetate, becoming, therefore, the first Arcobacter species to show a varying ability to hydrolyse indoxyl-acetate. This study shows to what extent a simple variation to the culture media can have a big influence on positive samples and on the community of species recovered. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The Development of the Genital Psoriasis Sexual Frequency Questionnaire (GenPs-SFQ) to Assess the Impact of Genital Psoriasis on Sexual Health.

Science.gov (United States)

Gottlieb, Alice B; Kirby, Brian; Ryan, Caitriona; Naegeli, April N; Burge, Russel; Potts Bleakman, Alison; Anatchkova, Milena D; Cather, Jennifer

2018-03-01

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROs) exist for psoriasis but not genital psoriasis (GenPs). This cross-sectional, qualitative study in patients with moderate-to-severe GenPs was conducted to support development of a PRO for measuring the impact of GenPs on sexual activity and to establish content validity. The impacts of GenPs were identified in a literature review. Findings from the literature review were discussed with clinicians, and then patients with GenPs were interviewed. From the literature review, 52 articles, 44 abstracts, and 41 clinical trials met predefined search criteria. Of these, 11 concepts emerged as having theoretical support for use as measurable impacts of psoriasis symptoms on patients; these concepts included sexual functioning and general health-related quality of life (HRQoL). These concepts were confirmed and expanded upon by two clinicians who routinely care for patients with GenPs. Interviews were then conducted with GenPs patients (n = 20) to discuss the impact of GenPs on their HRQoL. Eighty percent of patients reported that GenPs impacted sexual frequency. The two-item GenPs Sexual Frequency Questionnaire (GenPs-SFQ) was developed to assess limitations on sexual activity frequency because of GenPs. Cognitive debriefing with an additional 50 patients with GenPs confirmed the utility and understandability of the GenPs-SFQ. The GenPs-SFQ may have utility in clinical trials involving GenPs patients and in routine clinical practice. Eli Lilly and Company. Plain language summary available for this article.

Discusión: Explicaciones genéticas y psicológicas de la esquizofrenia. Bases genéticas de la esquizofrenia: "Nurture vrs Nature

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Henriette Raventós-Vorst

2003-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo revisa la evidencia científica que muestra la heredabilidad de la esquizofrenia, su forma de herencia compleja y la posible heterogeneidad genética y ambiental. Se presentan las regiones cromosómicas que han sido ligadas a la enfermedad y algunos de los genes candidatos. El objetivo es presentar los resultados más importantes en el campo de la investigación genética de la enfermedad. Aunque se acepta que factores ambientales deben estar presentes en la etiopatogenia de la enfermedad, no se profundiza en ellos. Finalmente, se comenta el modelo lamarquiano sugerido por el Prof.. Bolaños. El fin es transmitir que en la actualidad no hay contradicción entre el modelo biologista o psicológico que explicaban esta enfermedad. La concepción moderna une ambos modelos: se considera una enfermedad del neurodesarrollo en la que participan factores genéticos, factores epigenéticos y noxas ambientales, incluyendo los factores psicosociales.

SALOME PLATFORM and TetGen for Polyhedral Mesh Generation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Sang Yong; Park, Chan Eok; Kim, Shin Whan [KEPCO E and C Company, Inc., Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2014-05-15

SPACE and CUPID use the unstructured mesh and they also require reliable mesh generation system. The combination of CAD system and mesh generation system is necessary to cope with a large number of cells and the complex fluid system with structural materials inside. In the past, a CAD system Pro/Engineer and mesh generator Pointwise were evaluated for this application. But, the cost of those commercial CAD and mesh generator is sometimes a great burden. Therefore, efforts have been made to set up a mesh generation system with open source programs. The evaluation of the TetGen has been made in focusing the application for the polyhedral mesh generation. In this paper, SALOME will be evaluated for the efforts in conjunction with TetGen. In section 2, review will be made on the CAD and mesh generation capability of SALOME. SALOME and TetGen codes are being integrated to construct robust polyhedral mesh generator. Edge removal on the flat surface and vertex reattachment to the solid are two challenging tasks. It is worthwhile to point out that the Python script capability of the SALOME should be fully utilized for the future investigation.

Genes and proteins of Escherichia coli K-12 (GenProtEC).

Science.gov (United States)

Riley, M

1997-01-01

GenProtEC is a database of Escherichia coli genes and their gene products, classified by type of function and physiological role and with citations to the literature for each. Also present are data on sequence similarities amongE.coliproteins with PAM values, percent identity of amino acids, length of alignment and percent aligned. GenProtEC can also be accessed through the World Wide Web at URL http://mbl.edu/html/ecoli.html .

Variabilidad genética de la respuesta inflamatoria: I. Polimorfismo -511 C/T en el gen IL1β en diferentes subpoblaciones peruanas

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Óscar Acosta

2012-07-01

Full Text Available El polimorfismo -511 citosina/timina (-511 C/T en la región promotora del gen interleuquina 1 beta (IL1β estα implicado en la producciσn diferencial de la citoquina y por tanto puede estar asociado a la respuesta inmuno-inflamatoria en obesidad, dislipidemias, cardiopatías, cáncer, infecciones, y el tratamiento con nutrientes y fármacos. Objetivos: Establecer la distribución de frecuencias de los genotipos y alelos del polimorfismo -511 C/T del gen IL1β en diferentes subpoblaciones peruanas. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, transversal. Instituciones: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición e Instituto de Medicina Tropical D.A. Carrión, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM y Centro de Genética y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, USMP, Lima, Perú. Participantes: Pobladores peruanos. Intervenciones: Extracción de ADN genómico a partir de muestras sanguíneas o epitelio bucal según metodología estándar, de 168 individuos de 9 grupos subpoblacionales: 23 mestizos de Lima, 33 amazónicos (20 de Pucallpa y 13 de Amazonas y 112 andinos (12 de Ancash, 10 de Cajamarca, 18 de Huarochirí-Lima, 25 de Puno-Taquile, 25 de Puno-Uros y 22 de Puno-Anapia. Análisis del polimorfismo -511 C/T mediante la técnica de PCR/RFLP, con primers específicos y digestión con la enzima de restricción AvaI, detectándose los fragmentos por electroforesis en geles de agarosa al 2% y tinción con bromuro de etidio. Principales medidas de resultados: Frecuencias genotípicas y alélicas del gen IL1β. Resultados: Se encontró las siguientes frecuencias genotípicas CC=0,024; CT=0,369 y TT=0,607, consistentes con el equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg; y las frecuencias alélicas fueron alelo C=0,208 y aleloT= 0,792. La frecuencia del alelo T, considerado el mutante, fue muy alta en los Uros de Puno (0.940 y más baja en los mestizos de Lima (0.609. La comparación de las frecuencias genotípicas (TT versus CT+CC y alélicas (T versus C

Improvement of Steam Generator Reliability for GEN-IV SFR

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Seong O; Kim Se Yun; Kim, Seok Hoon; Eoh, Jae Hyuk; Lee, Hyeong Yeon; Choi, Byung Seon

2005-11-15

The R and D items performed in this study were selected from the R and D task of ' Reliability improvement of Steam Generator' of GEN-IV SFR Component Design and BOP. Since this project deals with one of the most important issues for a GEN-IV SFR system, it needs to enhance the domestic technical backgrounds associated with the corresponding R and D items even for a very short period by 2005. This study provides the R and D results for i) Development of assessment methodology for dissimilar metal weld and ii) Development of multi-dimensional simulation methodology for a SWR event in a SFR steam generator.

Improvement of Steam Generator Reliability for GEN-IV SFR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Seong O; Kim Se Yun; Kim, Seok Hoon; Eoh, Jae Hyuk; Lee, Hyeong Yeon; Choi, Byung Seon

2005-11-01

The R and D items performed in this study were selected from the R and D task of ' Reliability improvement of Steam Generator' of GEN-IV SFR Component Design and BOP. Since this project deals with one of the most important issues for a GEN-IV SFR system, it needs to enhance the domestic technical backgrounds associated with the corresponding R and D items even for a very short period by 2005. This study provides the R and D results for i) Development of assessment methodology for dissimilar metal weld and ii) Development of multi-dimensional simulation methodology for a SWR event in a SFR steam generator

Epidemiologia genética: epidemiologia, genética ou nenhuma das anteriores?

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Aguinaldo Gonçalves

1990-12-01

Full Text Available No esforço de contribuir para melhor entendimento da identidade da Epidemiologia Genética, são revistas sua concepção, campo de atuação, métodos e técnicas pertinentes e algumas instâncias de aplicação. Entendendo-a como a área de interesse dos fatores genéticos das doenças e suas interações ambientais, apresenta-se seu campo de atuação como constituído por dois segmentos: um descritivo, que lida com conhecimento da distribuição de tais afecções em famílias e populações, seu impacto a nível do coletivo e sua vigilância epidemiológica, bem como o estudo de seus determinantes; o segundo, caracterizado pela intervenção, refere-se às respectivas medidas preventivas. Em que pese possível limitação pela não-consideração de todas as situações existentes, particular atenção é destinada à revisão de métodos e técnicas que possam ser convergentemente aplicados, a partir de procedimentos genéticos e epidemiológicos. Entre eles, destacam-se como estudos de casos tanto metodologias laboratoriais (como os dermatóglifos quanto quantitativos, como cálculo de herdabilidade e análise multivariada. Alguns objetos de estudo são tomados como instância de aplicação, por contarem com investigações específicas em nosso meio: a hanseníase, o hidrargirismo e a esquizofrenia.In an attempt to contribute to a better undestanding of the identity of Genetic Epidemiology, we review its conception, its field of influence, its appropriate methods and techniques and, at last, some of its applications. Genetic Epidemiology involves the study of genetic factors acting on diseases and on their environmental interactions. These includes two major areas: a descriptive one, related to the distribution of such conditions in families and populations, to the epidemiologic surveillance and to the study of determinants; and another characterized by intervention, which is related to preventive measures. Because of the dificulty in

Variabilidad genética en Prosopis ferox (Mimosaceae

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Alicia D. Burghardt

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Prosopis ferox (Mimosaceae es una especie arbustiva o arbórea espinosa que se distribuye desde el Sur de Bolivia hasta el noroeste de la Argentina. En la provincia de Jujuy se encuentra a grandes alturas (entre los 2400 y los 3700 m s.m.. Existe una gran variabilidad morfológica, especialmente en cuanto a las dimensiones del fruto y la cantidad de semillas por fruto, ambas características importantes debido al uso de esta planta como forraje. Con el objeto de verificar si existe además variabilidad genética, se realizó un estudio electroforético de proteínas seminales de árboles procedentes de distintas localidades de la provincia de Jujuy. Los patrones polipeptídicos obtenidos por SDS-PAGE presentaron en total 26 bandas. Cada población se caracterizó por sus patrones de presencia-ausencia de bandas, habiéndose encontrado variabilidad intrapoblacional (polimorfismo en algunas de ellas, siendo otras genéticamente homogéneas. Los índices polimórficos en poblaciones de P. ferox son comparables a los obtenidos previamente en P. ruscifolia. La variabilidad genética interpoblacional hallada por medio del estudio electroforético de las proteínas seminales hace suponer la existencia de ecotipos

GenRGenS: Software for Generating Random Genomic Sequences and Structures

OpenAIRE

Ponty , Yann; Termier , Michel; Denise , Alain

2006-01-01

International audience; GenRGenS is a software tool dedicated to randomly generating genomic sequences and structures. It handles several classes of models useful for sequence analysis, such as Markov chains, hidden Markov models, weighted context-free grammars, regular expressions and PROSITE expressions. GenRGenS is the only program that can handle weighted context-free grammars, thus allowing the user to model and to generate structured objects (such as RNA secondary structures) of any giv...

Frecuencia de algunas enfermedades genéticas en Neuropediatría

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Tatiana Zaldívar Vaillant

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: las enfermedades neurológicas en Pediatría son diversas y obedecen a un gran número de causas: infecciosas, genéticas, metabólicas y degenerativas, entre otras. El diagnóstico genético, dentro del método clínico en Neurología, está relacionado con el diagnóstico etiológico. Existen muy pocas publicaciones que reflejen la frecuencia de las enfermedades neurogenéticas como grupo etiológico. Objetivo: describir la frecuencia de algunas enfermedades neuropediátricas en la Consulta de Neurogenética del Instituto de Neurología y Neurocirugía. Métodos: se realizó una investigación descriptiva y prospectiva en el periodo 2008-2010. Se clasificó a los pacientes por grupos etarios, y se calculó el porcentaje de frecuencia para la atrofia muscular espinal de la infancia, la distrofia muscular tipo Duchenne/Becker, las lesiones estáticas del sistema nervioso central de causa prenatal genética, y para la clasificación de los grupos según tipo de herencia. Resultados: el universo de estudio estuvo conformado por 161 pacientes, 72,6 % del sexo masculino, para una razón de la variable sexo de 2,5. Los escolares fueron mayoría (37,8 %, y la edad promedio 5 años. La distrofia muscular tipo Duchenne fue la enfermedad más frecuente (24,8 %. El 41,40 % clasificó en la herencia autosómica recesiva. Los resultados coinciden con lo reportado en la literatura. Conclusiones: las enfermedades neuromusculares hereditarias, y las lesiones estáticas del sistema nervioso central de causa prenatal genética, son las más frecuentes de solicitud de asesoramiento genético en un servicio de Neurogenética.

A synthesized mating pheromone component increases adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) trap capture in management scenarios

Science.gov (United States)

Johnson, Nicholas S.; Siefkes, Michael J.; Wagner, C. Michael; Dawson, Heather; Wang, Huiyong; Steeves, Todd; Twohey, Michael; Li, Weiming

2013-01-01

Application of chemical cues to manipulate adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) behavior is among the options considered for new sea lamprey control techniques in the Laurentian Great Lakes. A male mating pheromone component, 7a,12a,24-trihydroxy-3-one-5a-cholan-24-sulfate (3kPZS), lures ovulated female sea lamprey upstream into baited traps in experimental contexts with no odorant competition. A critical knowledge gap is whether this single pheromone component influences adult sea lamprey behavior in management contexts containing free-ranging sea lampreys. A solution of 3kPZS to reach a final in-stream concentration of 10-12 mol·L-1 was applied to eight Michigan streams at existing sea lamprey traps over 3 years, and catch rates were compared between paired 3kPZS-baited and unbaited traps. 3kPZS-baited traps captured significantly more sexually immature and mature sea lampreys, and overall yearly trapping efficiency within a stream averaged 10% higher during years when 3kPZS was applied. Video analysis of a trap funnel showed that the likelihood of sea lamprey trap entry after trap encounter was higher when the trap was 3kPZS baited. Our approach serves as a model for the development of similar control tools for sea lamprey and other aquatic invaders.

Response of larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) to pulsed DC electrical stimuli in laboratory experiments

Science.gov (United States)

Bowen, Anjanette K.; Weisser, John W.; Bergstedt, Roger A.; Famoye, Felix

2003-01-01

Four electrical factors that are used in pulsed DC electrofishing for larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) were evaluated in two laboratory studies to determine the optimal values to induce larval emergence over a range of water temperatures and conductivities. Burrowed larvae were exposed to combinations of pulsed DC electrical factors including five pulse frequencies, three pulse patterns, and two levels of duty cycle over a range of seven voltage gradients in two separate studies conducted at water temperatures of 10, 15, and 20°C and water conductivities of 25, 200, and 900 μS/cm. A four-way analysis of variance was used to determine significant (α = 0.05) influences of each electrical factor on larval emergence. Multiple comparison tests with Bonferroni adjustments were used to determine which values of each factor resulted in significantly higher emergence at each temperature and conductivity. Voltage gradient and pulse frequency significantly affected emergence according to the ANOVA model at each temperature and conductivity tested. Duty cycle and pulse pattern generally did not significantly influence the model. Findings suggest that a setting of 2.0 V/cm, 3 pulses/sec, 10% duty, and 2:2 pulse pattern seems the most promising in waters of medium conductivity and across a variety of temperatures. This information provides a basis for understanding larval response to pulsed DC electrofishing gear factors and identifies electrofisher settings that show promise to increase the efficiency of the gear during assessments for burrowed sea lamprey larvae.

StateGEN/StateNET - A structured method to perform route comparisons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cashwell, J.W.; Erickson, C.M.

1989-01-01

StateGEN/StateNET is a modeling structure and routing algorithm designed expressly to address the needs of state and local governments to perform analyses of routing alternatives. StateGEN/StateNET is designed to permit the user to construct a network and assign attributes of interest to the network on a personal computer (PC). The completed network is then transferred via a modem to the TRANSNET system and the preferred route is determined based upon attribute weights assigned by the user. This modeling structure permits the state or local government to perform a routing analysis, such as that required by the US Department of Transportation (DOT) for Highway Route-Controlled Quantity shipments of radioactive materials, with a minimum of resources. StateGEN/StateNET provides a computerized version of the DOT guidelines or allows the user to structure their own network parameters. Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) is the Department of Energy (DOE) lead organization for transportation research and development. The DOE Office of Defense Programs has been the prime sponsor of development of models and associated databases used to analyze the impacts of the transportation of radioactive materials. The routing algorithms used in StateGEN/StateNET were based on the existing models on TRANSNET, a system which was developed to enable outside users to access analytical codes and associated data developed for the DOE

StateGEN/StateNET--A structured method to perform route comparisons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cashwell, J.W.; Erickson, C.M.

1989-01-01

StateGEN/StateNET is a modelling structure and routing algorithm designed expressly to address the needs of state and local governments to perform analyses of routing alternatives. StateGEN/StateNET is designed to permit the user to construct a network and assign attributes of interest to the network on a personal computer (PC). The completed network is then transferred via a modem to the TRANSNET system (Cashwell, 1989) and the preferred route is determined based upon attribute weights assigned by the user. This modelling structure permits the state or local to perform a routing analysis, such as that required by the US Department of Transportation (DOT) for Highway Route-Controlled Quantity shipments of radioactive materials, with a minimum of resources. StateGEN/StateNET provides a computerized version of the DOT guidelines (Cashwell, 1989) or allows the user to structure their own network parameters. Sandia national Laboratories (SNL) is the Department of Energy's (DOE) lead organization for transportation research and development. The DOE Office of Defense Programs has been the prime sponsor of development of models and associated databases used to analyze the impacts of the transportation of radioactive materials. The routing algorithms used in StateGEN/StateNET were based on the existing models on TRANSNET, a system which was developed to enable outside users to access analytical codes and associated data developed for the DOE. 2 refs

Ganho de seleção no melhoramento genético intrapopulacional do maracujazeiro-amarelo

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Willian Krause

2012-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar o ganho de seleção associado a características agronômicas de importância no melhoramento intrapopulacional do maracujazeiro-amarelo. O experimento foi realizado em campo, no Município de Terra Nova do Norte, MT, com a avaliação de 111 famílias de irmãos completos (FIC e seis cultivares comerciais, utilizadas como testemunhas. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições e quatro plantas por parcela. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características: produtividade, comprimento, diâmetro e peso médio dos frutos, percentagem e peso de polpa, espessura de casca e teor de sólidos solúveis. Para verificar a existência de variabilidade genética entre os genótipos, estimaram-se os parâmetros genéticos da população com base na média das famílias. Os 30 genótipos com o menor valor da soma de postos, de acordo com o índice de seleção de Mulamba & Mock, foram selecionados para estimar os ganhos genéticos. Observaram-se altos valores médios para as características e parâmetros genéticos avaliados nas 26 FIC e nas quatro testemunhas selecionadas. O uso do índice de seleção proporciona ganhos genéticos positivos em produtividade, percentagem e peso de polpa, comprimento, diâmetro e peso de frutos, e espessura de casca.

Coeficiente de repetibilidade e parâmetros genéticos em capim-elefante

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Cavalcante

2012-04-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os coeficientes de repetibilidade de caracteres morfofisiológicos em genótipos de capim-elefante (Pennisetum spp., a partir de dados obtidos durante seis ciclos de avaliação. Foram estimados: número mínimo de medições e parâmetros genéticos. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, em arranjo de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro níveis de N (controle, 30, 60 e 90 kg ha‑1 por corte e 16 genótipos de Pennisetum (11 híbridos interespecíficos e cinco cultivares. Os ciclos consistiram de avaliações em 2010 (21/4, 19/7 e 28/9 e 2011 (6/1, 7/4 e 3/8. Os coeficientes de repetibilidade foram de média‑alta magnitude para todas as variáveis, o que indica que houve regularidade entre as medidas repetidas. Para as variáveis massa de forragem, altura da planta, comprimento e largura da folha, diâmetro do colmo, clorose e índice de área foliar, três ciclos de avaliação são suficientes para obter R² de 90%, pela análise de componentes principais. Para o comprimento do entrenó, o mínimo de sete avaliações é necessário para predizer o valor real dos genótipos. Os parâmetros genéticos das variáveis massa de forragem, comprimento e largura da folha, diâmetro do colmo e clorose foliar são de alta magnitude, o que favorece a seleção de genótipos superiores de Pennisetum.

Teleport Generation 3 (Teleport Gen 3)

Science.gov (United States)

2016-03-01

for high- throughput multi-band and multimedia connectivity from deployed locations to DISN and DoD Information Network (DoDIN) information sources and...2016 Major Automated Information System Annual Report Teleport Generation 3 (Teleport Gen 3) Defense Acquisition Management Information Retrieval...Program Information 4 Responsible Office 4 References 4 Program Description 5 Business Case 6 Program Status 8 Schedule 9

Divergência entre genótipos de soja, cultivados em várzea irrigada

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elonha Rodrigues dos Santos

2011-12-01

Full Text Available A divergência genética é um dos mais importantes parâmetros avaliados por melhoristas de plantas, na fase inicial de um programa de melhoramento genético. Diante disso, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar, por meio de técnicas multivariadas, a divergência genética entre 48 genótipos de soja, cultivados em várzea irrigada no Estado do Tocantins, com o intuito de identificar as combinações mais promissoras para produzir recombinações superiores, tanto destinados a produção de óleo e farelo, como do grupo especial, destinados ao consumo humano. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Formoso do Araguaia, TO, em cultivo de várzea irrigada na entressafra de 2010. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Verificou-se variabilidade entre os genótipos testados. Os resultados dos métodos de agrupamento de Tocher, UPGMA e Variáveis Canônicas foram concordantes entre si e detectaram quatro grupos distintos. As seguintes hibridações são promissoras para produção de grãos de soja destinados a óleo e farelo: M-Soy 8766, M-Soy 9144, A 7002 e M-Soy 9056 com Amaralina e cruzamentos entre M-Soy 8766, M-Soy 9144 e Amaralina com BRSMG 790A, BRS 257, BRS 216 e BRS 213 e são indicados visando a genótipos de soja especiais para alimentação humana.

Caracteres clínico-patológicos y perfil genético en el carcinoma colorrectal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Florencia Perazzo

2013-10-01

Full Text Available El cáncer colorrectal es el tercer cáncer más frecuente en hombres y el segundo más frecuente en mujeres, con una incidencia mundial aproximada de 1.2 millones de casos nuevos por año. Nuestro objetivo primario fue estudiar la relación existente entre las características clínico-histológicas en individuos con cáncer colorrectal y el estado mutacional de los codones 12 y 13 del gen KRAS (7 mutaciones validadas, con el fin de hallar un marcador histopatológico para los tumores mutados. El objetivo secundario fue determinar cuántos pacientes tenían mutaciones adicionales en los codones 15 y 61 del gen KRAS y 600 del gen BRAF que podrían modificar el fenotipo tumoral. Fueron seleccionados 60 individuos con cáncer colorrectal (30 wild-type y 30 con mutaciones validadas en los codones 12 y 13 del gen KRAS. Se amplificaron y secuenciaron del gen KRAS los exones 2 y 3, y del gen BRAF el exón 15. La información recolectada se examinó mediante un análisis descriptivo, análisis univariado y/o análisis multivariado, según correspondiese. En conclusión, no se encontró relación entre las características clínico-histológicas de los tumores de individuos con diagnóstico de cáncer colorrectal y el estado mutacional de los codones 12 y 13 del gen KRAS. No hallamos un marcador histopatológico para los tumores mutados. En pacientes con adenocarcinomas colorrectales avanzados y KRAS wild-type resulta de interés considerar el estudio del codón 600 del gen BRAF.

Alimentos Transgénicos : Organismos Genéticamente Modificados (OGM)

OpenAIRE

Martín López, Jimena

2016-01-01

Los alimentos transgénicos son aquellos que proceden de un organismo modificado genéticamente. La introducción de este tipo de productos en nuestra dieta es un tema que genera controversia ya que en muchos casos no se conoce con exactitud los efectos que esta modificación puede tener en el ser humano. A lo largo de las páginas de este trabajo se explica la historia de la aparición de estos organismos gracias a procedimientos de ingeniería genética, en los que se modifican fragmentos de su ADN...

Crescimento de genótipos de frangos tipo caipira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. C. Veloso

2015-10-01

Full Text Available RESUMOObjetivou-se com este trabalho comparar o padrão de crescimento, mediante ajustes das respectivas curvas de crescimento por modelos não lineares, bem como estudar o desenvolvimento de cortes de carcaça em relação ao peso da carcaça em diferentes genótipos de frangos tipo caipira. Foram utilizados 840 pintos de um dia, machos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, dos seguintes genótipos da linhagem Redbro: Caboclo, Carijó, Colorpak, Gigante Negro, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor. As aves foram alojadas em 28 boxes, sendo 30 aves/boxe, em galpão de alvenaria com acesso a um piquete de 45m², com quatro repetições. O peso corporal individual dos frangos foi medido ao nascer, aos 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 e 84 dias de idade. Para a determinação das curvas de crescimento do peso corporal das aves, os dados coletados foram avaliados por meio dos modelos não lineares: Brody, Gompertz, Logístico, Richards e von Bertalanffy. Foi empregado o PROC NLIN do SAS, utilizando-se o método interativo de Gauss-Newton. Os critérios usados para escolha do modelo de melhor ajuste da curva de crescimento foram o coeficiente de determinação, o desvio padrão assintótico, o desvio médio absoluto dos resíduos e o índice assintótico. As análises para obtenção dos coeficientes alométricos foram realizadas por meio do PROC GLM do SAS para os genótipos Carijó, Colorpak, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor. Foram avaliados os pesos da carcaça, do peito, das coxas, das sobrecoxas, das pernas e das asas das aves abatidas aos 85 dias de idade. Apenas as equações propostas por Gompertz, von Bertalanffy e Logístico atingiram a convergência, e o modelo proposto por von Bertalanffy foi o mais adequado para descrever o crescimento dos genótipos de frangos caipiras. Todos os cortes avaliados apresentaram crescimento tardio em relação ao peso da carcaça em genótipos de frangos tipo caipira.

Transformação genética em espécies florestais.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia Studart-Guimarães

2010-08-01

Full Text Available A transformação genética, que compreende a introdução de genes exógenos de forma controlada no genoma de uma célula vegetal e posterior regeneração da planta transgênica, tem contribuído com os programas de melhoramento genético de plantas pela obtenção de genótipos com novas características de interesse. O melhoramento de espécies florestais é limitado por características intrínsecas a tais espécies, como a altura dos indivíduos e o ciclo longo de vida. A transformação genética constitui, portanto, uma alternativa para a obtenção de espécies florestais com características desejáveis em um menor espaço de tempo. Plantas transgênicas com resistência a determinadas pragas, com melhor qualidade de madeira, maior produção de biomassa, tolerância a herbicidas, entre outras características de interesse, já foram obtidas para diferentes espécies florestais de importância econômica como álamo, eucalipto e pinheiros em geral. Este trabalho mostra a importância da transformação genética, associada a outras técnicas biotecnológicas no melhoramento de espécies florestais, as técnicas de transformação mais utilizadas e as características que já foram introduzidas nessas espécies pela transformação.

Reporte de familias con neurofibromatosis y otras enfermedades genéticas

OpenAIRE

Orraca Castillo, Miladys; Licourt Otero, Deysi; Sánchez Álvarez de La Campa, Ana Isabel

2011-01-01

La neurofibromatosis tipo 1, es una enfermedad genética que primariamente afecta el desarrollo y crecimiento celular del sistema nervioso, clínicamente se caracteriza por máculas café con leche, neurofibromas, pecas en regiones no expuestas al sol, nódulos de Lisch, lesiones óseas y glioma óptico. En el presente trabajo se describen dos familias, en las cuales algunos individuos padecen esta enfermedad y otros miembros de la misma familia muestran una diferente enfermedad genética. La coexist...

Inventering av Suldalslågen. Produksjonspotensial for sjøvandrende laksefisk

OpenAIRE

Foldvik, Anders; Pettersen, Oskar

2017-01-01

Foldvik, A. & Pettersen, O. 2017. Inventering av Suldalslågen. Produksjonspotensial for sjøvandrende laksefisk. - NINA Kortrapport 75, 18 s. Reguleringen av Suldalslågen til kraftproduksjon har hatt negative effekter for habitat for laksefisk, blant annet i form av sedimentering og begroing av substratet. Disse prosessene har blitt forsøkt motvirket ved å ha en serie med spyleflommer på over 200 m3/s om høsten. På oppdrag fra Statkraft inverterte NINA oppvekst- og gyteforhold for laks i Su...

White sucker Catostomus commersonii respond to conspecific and sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus alarm cues but not potential predator cues

Science.gov (United States)

Jordbro, Ethan J.; Di Rocco, Richard T.; Imre, Istvan; Johnson, Nicholas; Brown, Grant E.

2016-01-01

Recent studies proposed the use of chemosensory alarm cues to control the distribution of invasive sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes and necessitate the evaluation of sea lamprey chemosensory alarm cues on valuable sympatric species such as white sucker. In two laboratory experiments, 10 replicate groups (10 animals each) of migratory white suckers were exposed to deionized water (control), conspecific whole-body extract, heterospecific whole-body extract (sea lamprey) and two potential predator cues (2-phenylethylamine HCl (PEA HCl) and human saliva) during the day, and exposed to the first four of the above cues at night. White suckers avoided the conspecific and the sea lamprey whole-body extract both during the day and at night to the same extent. Human saliva did not induce avoidance during the day. PEA HCl did not induce avoidance at a higher concentration during the day, or at night at the minimum concentration that was previously shown to induce maximum avoidance by sea lamprey under laboratory conditions. Our findings suggest that human saliva and PEA HCl may be potential species-specific predator cues for sea lamprey.

TrayGen: Arranging objects for exhibition and packaging

KAUST Repository

Yang, Yongliang; Huang, Qixing

2013-01-01

We present a framework, called TrayGen, to generate tray designs for the exhibition and packaging of a collection of objects. Based on principles from shape perception and visual merchandising, we abstract a number of design guidelines on how

A 48-plex autosomal SNP GenPlex™ assay for human individualization and relationship testing

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tomas Mas, Carmen; Børsting, Claus; Morling, Niels

2012-01-01

SNPs are being increasingly used by forensic laboratories. Different platforms have been developed for SNP typing. We describe the GenPlex™ HID system protocol, a new SNP-typing platform developed by Applied Biosystems where 48 of the 52 SNPforID SNPs and amelogenin are included. The GenPlex™ HID...

Moonlight receptor of the '1-h-midge' Clunio marinus studied by micro-XRF

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Falkenberg, G; Wellenreuther, G; Alraun, P; Fleissner, Ge; Fleissner, Gue; Neumann, D

2013-01-01

Melanin is a pigment widely occurring in animals, plants, fungi and algae. It does not only colour skin, hair and eyes but serves mainly as photoprotectant and prevents overload with minerals induced by inflammations, infections and degenerative diseases. Therefore, the mechanisms underlying melanisation gained increasing interest in the field of biomedical research and clinic. So far, the processes of melanogenesis are only partly analysed, nearly nothing is known on a putative switch between melanins of different types. Here we offer a model organism to study these mechanisms as part of a naturally cycling change of transparency of the retinal shielding pigment. A marine midge, Clunio marinus, living in coastal regions, underlies a complex timing of its development by solar and lunar climatic periodicities, which synchronise biological clocks. The question was how the animals can discriminate changing sunlight from moonlight intensities. For the first time, we could show a 'moonlight window' in the larval ocelli of this midge, and propose a hypothesis on the underlying mechanisms. Driven by a lunar clock the image forming ocelli become transparent and convert during moonlit nights to a sensitive photometer, which can record the dynamics of environmental light. High resolution X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements of the distribution of trace minerals in single melanosomes combined with their fine structural details in various states of the lunar cycle provide a first insight into the enzymatic pathways for the generation of a dark melanin (like eumelanin) and a light coloured melanin (like phaeomelanin). Essential advantage of this approach is the spatial and temporal resolution of the metals associated with melanisation processes, which could never before be demonstrated in these details. The data may stimulate further research projects in biomedicine

TidGen Power System Commercialization Project

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sauer, Christopher R. [President & CEO; McEntee, Jarlath [VP Engineering & CTO

2013-12-30

ORPC Maine, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ocean Renewable Power Company, LLC (collectively ORPC), submits this Final Technical Report for the TidGen® Power System Commercialization Project (Project), partially funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-EE0003647). The Project was built and operated in compliance with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) pilot project license (P-12711) and other permits and approvals needed for the Project. This report documents the methodologies, activities and results of the various phases of the Project, including design, engineering, procurement, assembly, installation, operation, licensing, environmental monitoring, retrieval, maintenance and repair. The Project represents a significant achievement for the renewable energy portfolio of the U.S. in general, and for the U.S. marine hydrokinetic (MHK) industry in particular. The stated Project goal was to advance, demonstrate and accelerate deployment and commercialization of ORPC’s tidal-current based hydrokinetic power generation system, including the energy extraction and conversion technology, associated power electronics, and interconnection equipment capable of reliably delivering electricity to the domestic power grid. ORPC achieved this goal by designing, building and operating the TidGen® Power System in 2012 and becoming the first federally licensed hydrokinetic tidal energy project to deliver electricity to a power grid under a power purchase agreement in North America. Located in Cobscook Bay between Eastport and Lubec, Maine, the TidGen® Power System was connected to the Bangor Hydro Electric utility grid at an on-shore station in North Lubec on September 13, 2012. ORPC obtained a FERC pilot project license for the Project on February 12, 2012 and the first Maine Department of Environmental Protection General Permit issued for a tidal energy project on January 31, 2012. In addition, ORPC entered into a 20-year agreement with Bangor Hydro Electric

Polimorfismos del gen ob en bovinos de raza holstein en la Comarca Lagunera, México

OpenAIRE

Sarai S. Mendoza-Retana; Miguel A. Gallegos-Robles; Uriel González-Salas; José L. García-Hernández; Manuel Fortis-Hernández; Cirilo Vázquez-Vázquez; Héctor I. Trejo-Escareño

2017-01-01

La Comarca Lagunera es la cuenca lechera más importante de México. En la actualidad se están utilizando diversas técnicas que permiten evaluar genéticamente el animal a una edad temprana, permitiendo seleccionar futuros reproductores con características deseables. Entre los genes relacionados con la producción de leche, se encuentran el gen Ob también llamado gen Leptina el cual actúa sobre el sistema nervioso central y tejidos periféricos jugando un papel muy importante ...

Evaluación genética de los salmónidos asturianos como recurso natural

OpenAIRE

Abad García, David

2012-01-01

En este proyecto se analiza la estructura genética de los stocks utilizados para la repoblación de trucha común en el Principado de Asturias, pertenecientes a dos piscifactorías diferentes, con el fin de establecer si los repobladores cumplen con la normativa vigente sobre la liberación de individuos no autóctonos al medio natural, que está actualmente prohibida. Para ello se utiliza como marcador genético el gen del enzima lactato deshidrogenasa LDH-C, que permite diferenciar las poblaciones...

Incidência de tripes em genótipos de cebola

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo Antonio de Souza Gonçalves

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a incidência de tripes em genótipos de cebola, verificar sua correlação com o teor de clorofila, arquitetura e coloração foliar, e produtividade. O experimento foi conduzido na Epagri, Estação Experimental de Ituporanga, SC, Brasil, na safra de 2015. O número de genótipos comerciais ou em desenvolvimento avaliados foi 48, sendo doze híbridos e 36 de polinização livre. A incidência de tripes foi semelhante na maioria dos genótipos. As exceções foram os híbridos precoces Roxa 10039 e 10160, que apresentaram menores notas de incidência que RDW Luthy e Conesul. A arquitetura foliar mais aberta associada com a cor verde clara favoreceu uma menor incidência de tripes. Os cultivares de polinização livre e com origem no programa de melhoramento da Epagri (Superprecoce-Agroecológica, Bola Precoce-Agroecológica, Juporanga-Agroecológica, Valessul, Bola Suprema e Crioula Alto Vale foram os mais produtivos.

Caracterização de genótipos de cebola com a utilização de marcadores moleculares RAPD

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gerson Henrique Wamser

Full Text Available A divergência genética foi avaliada entre quinze genótipos de cebola cultivados em Santa Catarina, com a utilização de marcadores moleculares RAPD. Onze oligonucleotídeos iniciadores da série Operon Technologies foram utilizados e produziram 35 marcadores, destes, 28 foram polimórficos. Os produtos da amplificação foram visualizados em gel de agarose 1,4%, corado com brometo de etídeo. Uma matriz de similaridade utilizando-se o coeficiente de Jaccard foi construída a partir dos dados moleculares. Um dendrograma foi gerado para melhor visualização da similaridade genética através do método de agrupamento UPGMA. Três grupos foram formados utilizando o coeficiente de similaridade 0,6 como ponto de corte. O primeiro grupo reuniu os genótipos Super Superprecoce e Gauchinha. O segundo grupo reuniu doze genótipos. Dentro desse grupo, os genótipos Bella Vista e Bella Dura foram os que apresentaram o maior coeficiente de similaridade, em torno de 0,89. Bela Vista e Superprecoce, Catarina e o híbrido Bella Vista, com coeficiente de similaridade de 0,88 entre os pares. O terceiro grupo apresentou apenas o genótipo Crioula Roxa, que obteve o menor valor (0,31 para o coeficiente de similaridade. Tendo em vista os resultados obtidos, cruzamentos entre os genótipos do primeiro e segundo grupo e destes com o genótipo Crioula Roxa, podem ser melhores por apresentarem maior divergência entre si. A técnica de RAPD mostrou-se eficaz na caracterização molecular dos genótipos de cebola, evidenciando que existe variabilidade entre os genótipos estudados.

InGen Inconsistencies: The "Dinosaurs" Of Jurassic Park May Not Be What The Corporation Claims

Science.gov (United States)

Haupt, R. J.; Traer, M. M.

2017-12-01

InGen has made and continues to make dubious claims about proprietary technology developed to clone non-avian dinosaurs for exhibition within their "Jurassic Park." Notably, there are several inconsistencies between their claims for how their technology works and what has been observed within the park. Here we investigate several of these inconsistencies in the hopes that it will push for increased transparency between corporations and academia. First, we highlight a disconnect between supposedly Jurassic amber used for dinosaur DNA extraction and the overwhelming presence of Late Cretaceous dinosaurs within the park. Further, InGen's mining operations only publicly operate in Jurassic-aged formations of the Dominican Republic, which clashes with the presence of Velociraptor and Gallimimus, known only from Mongolia. Second, the park contains seemingly full-grown adult specimens despite InGen's claims that they first successfully cloned a prehistoric animal in 1984, though there is no publicly available information as to what animal this was. That the park was nearly ready to open by 1993 precludes the presence of fully mature dinosaurs and suggests that InGen might be misrepresenting their technologies. Third, we must point out that fossil DNA denatures to the point of uselessness within thousands, not millions, of years. Additionally, the use of anuran DNA to fill in gaps from fossil dinosaurian DNA is a dubious choice given that more closely related organisms are available. Either there is an unexplained reason for this choice, or little attention has been paid to dinosaurian phylogeny by InGen geneticists. Finally, rumors of a secret InGen project to produce a dinosaur not currently known to paleontologists suggests one of two things: they were able to find DNA from a dinosaur previously unknown in the fossil record, which is highly plausible if their techniques are valid, or that InGen is able to artificially manipulate DNA to a degree far beyond what other

Effects of air-exposure gradients on spatial infection patterns of Perkinsus marinus in the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica.

Science.gov (United States)

Malek, Jennafer C; Breitburg, Denise L

2016-02-25

Spatial distributions of species can be shaped by factors such as parasites, mortality, and reproduction, all of which may be influenced by differences in physical factors along environmental gradients. In nearshore tidal waters, an elevational gradient in aerial exposure during low tide can shape the spatial distributions of benthic marine organisms. The eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica is an ecologically and economically important species that can dominate both subtidal and intertidal habitats along the east coast of the USA. Our goal was to determine whether prevalence and intensity of Perkinsus marinus (the causative agent of Dermo disease) infections vary along intertidal to subtidal gradients during summer. We used (1) field experiments conducted at 4 sites in the Chesapeake Bay and a Virginia coastal bay, (2) a controlled air-exposure experiment, and (3) field surveys from 7 sites ranging from Maine to North Carolina to test for effects of tidal exposure on infection. Results from our field surveys suggested that high intertidal oysters tend to have higher infection prevalence than subtidal oysters, but there was no effect on infection intensity. Field experiments rarely yielded significant effects of tidal exposure on infection prevalence and intensity. Overall, our study shows that exposure to air may not be a strong driver of infection patterns in this host-parasite system.

Overview of materials R and D for fusion and Gen-4

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kohyama, A. [Kyoto Univ., lnstitute of Advanced Energy (Japan); Tavassoli, F.; Carre, F.; Billot, P. [CEA Saclay, 91 - Gif sur Yvette (France); Zinide, S. [Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Div., AK TN (United States)

2007-07-01

Full text of publication follows: In view of the growing need for energy, the risk of exhaustion of fossil fuel and the problem of global warming, the nuclear energy is receiving added attention as a realistic and viable advanced solution. International collaborations on Generation IV (Gen-IV) fission reactors and on ITER and DEMO fusion reactors are developing. This is particularly the case in the sector of materials, where they hold the key to success of these systems. The international community has recognized and planned its materials R and D work for Fusion and Gen-IV reactors with the following considerations: 1- The time allotted to materials R and D is short and may not allow development of totally new materials. 2- Activities required, to cover existing materials variations and service conditions necessary for reactor design, are very time consuming. 3- The work to be done must build upon the existing knowledge of materials and avoid duplications. Although ITER for fusion and Generation four International Forum (GIF) for Gen-IV are important international collaborative programs, they are insufficient to meet all the national energy policies of the participating countries. This paper provides an overview of the materials R and D carried out for fusion and Gen-IV reactors at international and national levels. Materials programs discussed include both cross-cutting and reactor specific actions, where major tasks can be defined as: + Cross-cutting materials tasks: - materials for high temperature service; - materials with neutron damage tolerance; - materials behavior analysis and modeling; - high temperature design methodology. + Reactor specific materials tasks: - very high temperature alloys; - carbon, high temperature ceramics and their composites; - materials compatibilities. Starting with a brief introduction of materials R and D strategies, ITER and Broader Approach (BA), overall activities for fusion and GIF for Gen-IV will be reviewed. Domestic

Gridded precipitation dataset for the Rhine basin made with the genRE interpolation method

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Osnabrugge, van B.; Uijlenhoet, R.

2017-01-01

A high resolution (1.2x1.2km) gridded precipitation dataset with hourly time step that covers the whole Rhine basin for the period 1997-2015. Made from gauge data with the genRE interpolation scheme. See "genRE: A method to extend gridded precipitation climatology datasets in near real-time for

GenSVM: a generalized multiclass support vector machine

NARCIS (Netherlands)

G.J.J. van den Burg (Gertjan); P.J.F. Groenen (Patrick)

2016-01-01

textabstractTraditional extensions of the binary support vector machine (SVM) to multiclass problems are either heuristics or require solving a large dual optimization problem. Here, a generalized multiclass SVM is proposed called GenSVM. In this method classification boundaries for a K-class

Serum and hepatic vitamin A levels in captive and wild marine toads (Bufo marinus).

Science.gov (United States)

Berkvens, Charlene N; Lentini, Andrew; Dutton, Christopher J; Pearl, David L; Barker, Ian K; Crawshaw, Graham J

2014-01-01

The captive breeding program for the endangered Puerto Rican crested toad (Peltophryne [Bufo] lemur) has been hampered by an undiagnosed condition called "Brown Skin Disease" (BSD). Toads develop widespread skin darkening, skin thickening and abnormal shedding and eventually succumb to a chronic loss of viability. This project evaluated the marine toad (Bufo marinus) as a model for the PRCT, examining vitamin A deficiency as a potential cause of BSD. Wild caught marine toads had significantly higher liver vitamin A concentrations (61.89 ± 63.49 µg/g) than captive born marine toads (0.58 ± 0.59 µg/g); P<0.001). A significant difference in serum vitamin A concentration was found between the captive and wild caught toads (P=0.013) and between the low vitamin A-fed and wild caught toads (P=0.004), when controlling for liver vitamin A concentrations. After captive toads were treated with topical and/or oral vitamin A, their hepatic vitamin A concentrations were similar to those of the wild toads, averaging 48.41 ± 37.03 µg/g. However, plasma vitamin A concentrations pre- and post-vitamin A supplementation did not differ statistically. We concluded that plasma vitamin A concentrations do not provide a linear indication of liver/body vitamin A status, and that both topical and oral supplementation with an oil-based vitamin A formulation can increase liver stores in amphibians. No evidence of BSD or other signs of deficiency were noted in the marine toads, although this feeding trial was relatively short (127 days). To date, clinical, pathological and research findings do not support vitamin A deficiency as a primary factor underlying BSD. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Análisis genético del virus peruano de la fiebre amarilla

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Carlos Yábar V

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar las variantes genéticas de aislamientos del virus peruano de la Fiebre Amarilla (FA. Materiales y métodos: la región carboxiterminal del gen de la envoltura (E de cinco aislamientos de FA obtenidas de pacientes provenientes de Ayacucho 1978 (PER1, Junín 1995 (PER2, Cerro de Pasco (PER3, Cusco (1998 y San Martín (1999 fue amplificada por PCR, secuenciada y analizada con programas software de ADN. Resultados: el índice de similaridad de la secuencia de nucleótidos entre los cinco aislamientos reveló valores oscilantes entre 94,3% y 99,3%, mientras que la secuencia de aminoácidos presentó valores entre 97,6% y 99,7% de similaridad. El análisis filogenético demostró una distancia genética entre 0,40 y 6,50 mediante la secuencia de nucleótidos y a través de la secuencia de aminoácidos se observó un rango de 0,30 y 4,29. Sin embargo, las secuencias correspondientes a los sitios de glicosilación y a los epítopes de reconocimiento humoral fueron conservadas entre los cinco aislamientos, con excepción de algunos aislamientos de referencia reportados por otros autores. Conclusiones: los virus de FA peruanos forman un grupo filogenético distinto a otros virus de FA sudamericanos, basados en el análisis genéticos del gen E.

Next-Gen³: Sequencing, Modeling, and Advanced Biofuels - Final Technical Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zengler, Karsten [Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States). Dept. of Pediatrics; Palsson, Bernhard [Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States). Dept. of Bioengineering; Lewis, Nathan [Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States). Dept. of Pediatrics

2017-12-27

Successful, scalable implementation of biofuels is dependent on the efficient and near complete utilization of diverse biomass sources. One approach is to utilize the large recalcitrant biomass fraction (or any organic waste stream) through the thermochemical conversion of organic compounds to syngas, a mixture of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and hydrogen (H₂), which can subsequently be metabolized by acetogenic microorganisms to produce next-gen biofuels. The goal of this proposal was to advance the development of the acetogen Clostridium ljungdahlii as a chassis organism for next-gen biofuel production from cheap, renewable sources and to detail the interconnectivity of metabolism, energy conservation, and regulation of acetogens using next-gen sequencing and next-gen modeling. To achieve this goal we determined optimization of carbon and energy utilization through differential translational efficiency in C. ljungdahlii. Furthermore, we reconstructed a next-generation model of all major cellular processes, such as macromolecular synthesis and transcriptional regulation and deployed this model to predicting proteome allocation, overflow metabolism, and metal requirements in this model acetogen. In addition we explored the evolutionary significance of tRNA operon structure using the next-gen model and determined the optimal operon structure for bioproduction. Our study substantially enhanced the knowledgebaase for chemolithoautotrophs and their potential for advanced biofuel production. It provides next-generation modeling capability, offer innovative tools for genome-scale engineering, and provide novel methods to utilize next-generation models for the design of tunable systems that produce commodity chemicals from inexpensive sources.

Genome-scale data suggest reclassifications in the Leisingera-Phaeobacter cluster including proposals for Sedimentitalea gen. nov. and Pseudophaeobacter gen. nov.

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Sven eBreider

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Earlier phylogenetic analyses of the marine Rhodobacteraceae (class Alphaproteobacteria genera Leisingera and Phaeobacter indicated that neither genus might be monophyletic. We here used phylogenetic reconstruction from genome-scale data, MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry analysis and a re-assessment of the phenotypic data from the literature to settle this matter, aiming at a reclassification of the two genera. Neither Phaeobacter nor Leisingera formed a clade in any of the phylogenetic analyses conducted. Rather, smaller monophyletic assemblages emerged, which were phenotypically more homogeneous, too. We thus propose the reclassification of Leisingera nanhaiensis as the type species of a new genus as Sedimentitalea nanhaiensis gen. nov., comb. nov., the reclassification of Phaeobacter arcticus and Phaeobacter leonis as Pseudophaeobacter arcticus gen. nov., comb. nov. and Pseudophaeobacter leonis comb. nov., and the reclassification of Phaeobacter aquaemixtae, Phaeobacter caeruleus and Phaeobacter daeponensis as Leisingera aquaemixtae comb. nov., Leisingera caerulea comb. nov. and Leisingera daeponensis comb. nov. The genera Phaeobacter and Leisingera are accordingly emended.

Key Factors for the Linkage Strategy between R and D and Commercialization for Gen-ΙV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Kyoungmi; Hong, Jung Suk

2013-01-01

The Fukushima nuclear disaster has leaded to enhance the safety and the cost-effectiveness of technology for the future so that advanced countries such as United Sates and France have concerned about a next generation nuclear power plant, Gen-IV(Generation-IV Reactor). Considering various characteristics of nuclear R and D, it is necessary to have more elaborated strategies for the effective development of the next generation of nuclear technology. In this study, we suggest 5 key factors for the successful commercialization of Gen-IV by analyzing the distinct characteristics of nuclear R and D with Gen-IV and CSF(Critical Success Factor)s of several cases in these field and conducting the FGI(Focus Group Interview). Considering these results, we could find and suggest some important points for further strategy for Gen-IV. That is, following five key factors for the linkage improvement between R and D and commercialization of Gen-IV should be considered: the participation of nuclear power plant operators from the beginning, the establishment of consistent and comprehensive plan/roadmap/detailed strategy, the technology development based on global energy issues and international cooperation, the stable and clear funding plans for long-term projects, the cooperation of relative ministries. Gen-IV system is getting a positive response in that it accompanies long-term R and D plans in Korea. We think that the standard of Gen-IV would lead the next generation of nuclear industry if the proper strategy for the cooperation between the private sector and the regulation from the beginning. Moreover, we expect that this study will facilitate its development process from R and D to commercialization

Key Factors for the Linkage Strategy between R and D and Commercialization for Gen-ΙV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Kyoungmi; Hong, Jung Suk [Korean Institute of S and T Evaluation and Planning, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2013-05-15

The Fukushima nuclear disaster has leaded to enhance the safety and the cost-effectiveness of technology for the future so that advanced countries such as United Sates and France have concerned about a next generation nuclear power plant, Gen-IV(Generation-IV Reactor). Considering various characteristics of nuclear R and D, it is necessary to have more elaborated strategies for the effective development of the next generation of nuclear technology. In this study, we suggest 5 key factors for the successful commercialization of Gen-IV by analyzing the distinct characteristics of nuclear R and D with Gen-IV and CSF(Critical Success Factor)s of several cases in these field and conducting the FGI(Focus Group Interview). Considering these results, we could find and suggest some important points for further strategy for Gen-IV. That is, following five key factors for the linkage improvement between R and D and commercialization of Gen-IV should be considered: the participation of nuclear power plant operators from the beginning, the establishment of consistent and comprehensive plan/roadmap/detailed strategy, the technology development based on global energy issues and international cooperation, the stable and clear funding plans for long-term projects, the cooperation of relative ministries. Gen-IV system is getting a positive response in that it accompanies long-term R and D plans in Korea. We think that the standard of Gen-IV would lead the next generation of nuclear industry if the proper strategy for the cooperation between the private sector and the regulation from the beginning. Moreover, we expect that this study will facilitate its development process from R and D to commercialization.

Prostaglandins as mediators of acidification in the urinary bladder of Bufo marinus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Frazier, L.W.; Yorio, T.

1990-01-01

Experiments were performed to determine whether prostaglandins (PG) play a role in H+ and NH4+ excretion in the urinary bladder of Bufo marinus. Ten paired hemibladders from normal toads were mounted in chambers. One was control and the other hemibladder received PGE2 in the serosal medium (10(-5) M). H+ excretion was measured by change in pH in the mucosal fluid and reported in units of nmol (100 mg tissue)-1 (min)-1. NH4+ excretion was measured colorimetrically and reported in the same units. The control group H+ excretion was 8.4 +/- 1.67, while the experimental group was 16.3 +/- 2.64 (P less than 0.01). The NH4+ excretion in the experimental and control group was not significantly different. Bladders from toads in a 48-hr NH4+Cl acidosis (metabolic) did not demonstrate this response to PGE2 (P greater than 0.30). Toads were put in metabolic acidosis by gavaging with 10 ml of 120 mM NH4+Cl 3 x day for 2 days. In another experiment, we measured levels of PG in bladders from control (N) and animals placed in metabolic acidosis (MA). Bladders were removed from the respective toad, homogenized, extracted, and PG separated using high-pressure liquid chromatography and quantified against PG standards. The results are reported in ng (mg tissue)-1. PGE2 fraction in N was 1.09 +/- 0.14 and in MA was 3.21 +/- 0.63 (P less than 0.01). PGF1 alpha, F2 alpha and I2 were not significantly different in N and MA toads. Bladders were also removed from N and MA toads, and incubated in Ringer's solution containing [3H]arachidonic acid (0.2 microCi/ml) at 25 degrees C for 2 hr. Bladders were then extracted for PG and the extracts separated by thin layer chromatography. PG were identified using standards and autoradiography, scraped from plates, and counted in a scintillation detector. The results are reported in cpm/mg tissue x hr +/- SEM

Targeted NextGen Capabilities for 2025

Science.gov (United States)

2011-11-01

increased arrival capacity to single runways by reducing longitudinal wake separation standards for Instrument Flight Rules ( IFR ) operations under certain...b. ABSTRACT unclassified c. THIS PAGE unclassified Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18 Targeted NextGen Capabilities...The examples cited are not intended to cover every aircraft and every flight. In some instances, the available capabilities for 2025 will not be

PowerGen plc report and accounts 1995

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-12-31

Detailed financial results are presented for the United Kingdom power generation company PowerGen for the year ended 2 April 1995. A review is given of operating and financial performance. Significant reductions in operating costs and improvements in productivity have been achieved. Diversity of fuels and plant portfolio has been enhanced by building 3000 MW of gas fired CCGT plant. Investment in coal import facilities has increased access to international coal markets. Environmental performance has improved with further reductions in SO{sub 2}, NO{sub x} and CO{sub 2} emissions. Overseas projects include construction of 990 MW CCGT power station in Portugal and a contract to build the 1200 MW Paiton 2 coal-fired power station in Indonesia. Investment in lignite mining and power generation assets of MIBRAG in Germany is contributing to profits. PowerGen`s five year contract for coal supply was assigned to RJB Mining (UK) Ltd. during the year. Stocks of coal fell during the year and further reductions are expected during 1995/96.

GenExp: an interactive web-based genomic DAS client with client-side data rendering.

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Bernat Gel Moreno

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: The Distributed Annotation System (DAS offers a standard protocol for sharing and integrating annotations on biological sequences. There are more than 1000 DAS sources available and the number is steadily increasing. Clients are an essential part of the DAS system and integrate data from several independent sources in order to create a useful representation to the user. While web-based DAS clients exist, most of them do not have direct interaction capabilities such as dragging and zooming with the mouse. RESULTS: Here we present GenExp, a web based and fully interactive visual DAS client. GenExp is a genome oriented DAS client capable of creating informative representations of genomic data zooming out from base level to complete chromosomes. It proposes a novel approach to genomic data rendering and uses the latest HTML5 web technologies to create the data representation inside the client browser. Thanks to client-side rendering most position changes do not need a network request to the server and so responses to zooming and panning are almost immediate. In GenExp it is possible to explore the genome intuitively moving it with the mouse just like geographical map applications. Additionally, in GenExp it is possible to have more than one data viewer at the same time and to save the current state of the application to revisit it later on. CONCLUSIONS: GenExp is a new interactive web-based client for DAS and addresses some of the short-comings of the existing clients. It uses client-side data rendering techniques resulting in easier genome browsing and exploration. GenExp is open source under the GPL license and it is freely available at http://gralggen.lsi.upc.edu/recerca/genexp.

A role for tight junction-associated MARVEL proteins in larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) osmoregulation.

Science.gov (United States)

Kolosov, Dennis; Bui, Phuong; Donini, Andrew; Wilkie, Mike P; Kelly, Scott P

2017-10-15

This study reports on tight junction-associated MARVEL proteins of larval sea lamprey ( Petromyzon marinus ) and their potential role in ammocoete osmoregulation. Two occludin isoforms (designated Ocln and Ocln-a) and a tricellulin (Tric) were identified. Transcripts encoding ocln , ocln-a and tric were broadly expressed in larval lamprey, with the greatest abundance of ocln in the gut, liver and kidney, ocln-a in the gill and skin, and tric in the kidney. Ocln and Ocln-a resolved as ∼63 kDa and ∼35 kDa MW proteins, respectively, while Tric resolved as a ∼50 kDa protein. Ocln immunolocalized to the gill vasculature and in gill mucous cells while Ocln-a localized to the gill pouch and gill epithelium. Both Ocln and Ocln-a localized in the nephron, the epidermis and the luminal side of the gut. In branchial tissue, Tric exhibited punctate localization, consistent with its presence at regions of tricellular contact. Following ion-poor water (IPW) acclimation of ammocoetes, serum [Na + ] and [Cl - ] decreased, but not [Ca 2+ ], and carcass moisture content increased. In association, Ocln abundance increased in the skin and kidney, but reduced in the gill of IPW-acclimated ammocoetes while Ocln-a abundance reduced in the kidney only. Tric abundance increased in the gill. Region-specific alterations in ocln , ocln-a and tric mRNA abundance were also observed in the gut. Data support a role for Ocln, Ocln-a and Tric in the osmoregulatory strategies of a basal vertebrate. © 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

Human-Automation Cooperation for Separation Assurance in Future NextGen Environments

Science.gov (United States)

Mercer, Joey; Homola, Jeffrey; Cabrall, Christopher; Martin, Lynne; Morey, Susan; Gomez, Ashley; Prevot, Thomas

2014-01-01

A 2012 Human-In-The-Loop air traffic control simulation investigated a gradual paradigm-shift in the allocation of functions between operators and automation. Air traffic controllers staffed five adjacent high-altitude en route sectors, and during the course of a two-week experiment, worked traffic under different function-allocation approaches aligned with four increasingly mature NextGen operational environments. These NextGen time-frames ranged from near current-day operations to nearly fully-automated control, in which the ground systems automation was responsible for detecting conflicts, issuing strategic and tactical resolutions, and alerting the controller to exceptional circumstances. Results indicate that overall performance was best in the most automated NextGen environment. Safe operations were achieved in this environment for twice todays peak airspace capacity, while being rated by the controllers as highly acceptable. However, results show that sector operations were not always safe; separation violations did in fact occur. This paper will describe in detail the simulation conducted, as well discuss important results and their implications.

Description of Sharon gen. nov. for the Chilean species Asaphes amoenus Philippi, 1861 (Coleoptera: Elateridae

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Elizabeth T. Arias-Bohart

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Sharon gen. nov. is here described to include Asaphes? amoenus Philippi, 1861 comb. nov. from Chile. A redescription of the species is based on the female holotype and material from different geographic locations. Candèze (1891 placed Asaphes amoenus and Parasaphes elegans in the suprageneric group Asaphites. We discuss differences between Sharon gen. nov. and Hemicrepidius Germar, 1839, where Asaphes amoenus was later placed by Blackwelder (1944. Based on morphological characters, Sharon gen. nov. appears to be related to Parasaphes Candèze, 1881, Wynarka Calder, 1986, and Tasmanelater Calder, 1996, all from Australia, suggesting Gondwanan relationships.

Actividad del Sistema Renina-Angiotensina en relación con sus polimorfismos genéticos

OpenAIRE

Morcillo Hidalgo, Luis

2015-01-01

La realización del presente estudio sobre sujetos jóvenes y sanos no hipertensos tiene dos objetivos primordiales: El primero es analizar la relación de los polimorfismos de los genes del Sistema Renina-Angiotensina, el M235T del gen del angiotensinógeno, el Inserción/Delección del gen de la ECA y el A1166C del gen del receptor AT1 para la angiotensina II, con los niveles en plasma de angiotensina I, angiotensina II y angiotensina-(1-7), todas sustancias peptídicas activas del sistema E...

Diagnostico genético prenatal y aborto. Dos cuestiones de eugenesia y discriminación

OpenAIRE

Villela Cortés, Fabiola; Linares Salgado, Jorge E.

2012-01-01

Los avances en genética seguidos de las nuevas tecnologías en la detección temprana de afecciones genéticas conllevan dilemas bioéticos sobre el uso adecuado de estas técnicas, la información que se le da a la mujer embarazada y la decisión que ella tomará al recibirla. Detectar a tiempo anomalías genéticas permite, en algunas ocasiones, el inicio de un tratamiento adecuado que permita que el niño por nacer no desarrolle una enfermedad discapacitante, como el caso de la fenilcetonuria, o una ...

GenGIS 2: geospatial analysis of traditional and genetic biodiversity, with new gradient algorithms and an extensible plugin framework.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Donovan H Parks

Full Text Available GenGIS is free and open source software designed to integrate biodiversity data with a digital map and information about geography and habitat. While originally developed with microbial community analyses and phylogeography in mind, GenGIS has been applied to a wide range of datasets. A key feature of GenGIS is the ability to test geographic axes that can correspond to routes of migration or gradients that influence community similarity. Here we introduce GenGIS version 2, which extends the linear gradient tests introduced in the first version to allow comprehensive testing of all possible linear geographic axes. GenGIS v2 also includes a new plugin framework that supports the development and use of graphically driven analysis packages: initial plugins include implementations of linear regression and the Mantel test, calculations of alpha-diversity (e.g., Shannon Index for all samples, and geographic visualizations of dissimilarity matrices. We have also implemented a recently published method for biomonitoring reference condition analysis (RCA, which compares observed species richness and diversity to predicted values to determine whether a given site has been impacted. The newest version of GenGIS supports vector data in addition to raster files. We demonstrate the new features of GenGIS by performing a full gradient analysis of an Australian kangaroo apple data set, by using plugins and embedded statistical commands to analyze human microbiome sample data, and by applying RCA to a set of samples from Atlantic Canada. GenGIS release versions, tutorials and documentation are freely available at http://kiwi.cs.dal.ca/GenGIS, and source code is available at https://github.com/beiko-lab/gengis.

Application of part-whole training methods to evaluate when to introduce NextGen air traffic management tools to students.

Science.gov (United States)

Vu, Kim-Phuong L; Kiken, Ariana; Chiappe, Dan; Strybel, Thomas Z; Battiste, Vernol

2013-01-01

The Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) will use advanced technologies and new concepts of operation to accommodate projected increases in air travel over the next few decades. Use of NextGen tools requires air traffic controllers (ATCos) to use different procedures than those required to manage NextGen-unequipped aircraft, and ATCos will need to integrate the 2 skill sets when managing a sector consisting of NextGen-equipped and unequipped aircraft. The goal of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of 2 procedures in the training of student controllers to manage both equipage types. We applied a variant of the part-whole training paradigm in the present study. Using a quasi-experimental design, we trained students from 2 different labs of an internship course to manage air traffic with potential NextGen tools concurrent with their traditional training (whole-task group) or after they had time to learn traditional air traffic management skills (part-whole group). Participants were then tested in their ability to manage a simulated sector consisting of different percentages of NextGen-equipped and unequipped aircraft at the mid-term and after the final week of their internship. Results showed that it is better to train students in manual ATCo skills before introducing NextGen tools, unless the students are of higher aptitude. For more skilled students, simultaneously introducing NextGen and manual tools into their curriculum had little negative impact.

Pré-melhoramento do camucamuzeiro: estudo de parâmetros genéticos e dissimilaridade

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Walnice Maria Oliveira do Nascimento

2014-08-01

Full Text Available O camucamuzeiro pertence à família Myrtaceae e é espécie em processo de domesticação, encontrada na forma extrativa, a partir de plantas crescendo naturalmente nas margens dos rios e lagos, ou cultivadas em pequenas áreas de terra firme. As estimativas e a compreensão dos parâmetros genéticos desta espécie são importantes para o conhecimento da estrutura genética das populações e para a inferência da diversidade genética presente, além de proporcionar subsídios para predizer os ganhos genéticos e o possível sucesso no programa de melhoramento dessa cultura. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar parâmetros genéticos e a dissimilaridade genética, em acessos existentes no Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de camucamuzeiro, da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Para o estudo, foram analisados 46 progênies, colhidos 40 frutos por planta matriz em completo estádio de maturação (frutos com epicarpo totalmente roxo, sendo avaliados sete caracteres morfoagronômicos: peso de fruto (g, PFR, comprimento de fruto (cm, CFR, diâmetro de fruto (cm, DFR, peso da casca (g, PCS, espessura da casca (cm, ECS, número de sementes (n, NSE, peso de sementes (g, PSE. Por meio do Programa Genes, estimaram-se os componentes de variância, herdabilidade e a variabilidade. A importância relativa de caracteres e dissimilaridades entre as progênies, bem como as correlações genéticas entres os caracteres avaliados também foram estudadas. Verificou-se que há dissimilaridade entre os acessos do BAG de camucamuzeiro e que, por causa das correlações significativas entre as variáveis, podem-se adotar métodos de seleção indireta como ferramenta auxiliar no processo de domesticação e melhoramento desta espécie.

Genética molecular de caracteres cuantitativos en cruzamientos dialélicos de tomate

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Guillermo Raúl Pratta

2011-05-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar marcadores moleculares y caracteres cuantitativos en un cruzamiento dialélico completo sin recíprocos, entre cinco líneas recombinantes de tomate y sus híbridos. Se obtuvieron perfiles de AFLP ("amplified fragment length polymorphism" y de polipéptidos del pericarpio en cuatro estados de madurez del fruto de 15 genotipos. Se evaluaron, entre otros: peso, acidez titulable, pH, vida poscosecha y firmeza. Se calculó el porcentaje de polimorfismo para los marcadores moleculares y el porcentaje de variabilidad genética para los caracteres cuantitativos en el grupo de líneas recombinantes, el de híbridos y el conjunto de genotipos. Se realizaron análisis de agrupamiento con cada nivel de variación genética. Para AFLP, el porcentaje de polimorfismo varió entre 34 y 54% y, para los perfiles polipeptídicos, entre 40 y 78%. Mayor polimorfismo fue observado en el grupo de híbridos. La variabilidad genética fue de 100% para acidez y 34% para firmeza, con los mayores valores en los parentales. La similitud genética varió entre los genotipos según el nivel de variación genética; pero la consistencia en el agrupamiento de algunas líneas recombinantes y sus híbridos fue conservada, lo que evidenció asociaciones entre los datos moleculares y fenotípicos.

Clasificador genérico de objetos en imágenes AVHRR

OpenAIRE

Pascual Ramírez, Fermín; Paz Pellat, Fernando; Martínez Menes, Mario; Palacios Vélez, Enrique; Mejía Sáenz, Enrique; Rubio Granados, Erasmo

2010-01-01

El presente artículo describe un algoritmo para llevar a cabo una clasificación genérica de objetos utilizando imágenes del sensor advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR), basado en la firma espectral de los objetos genéricos (suelo, mezcla suelo-vegetación, cuerpos de agua, nubes, etc.). Debido a las particularidades de las bandas disponibles en el sensor AVHRR, se presenta un algoritmo específico utilizando la banda 3a (B3a) y otro utilizando la banda 3b (B3b) de este sensor. Los a...

GenBank blastn search result: AK064582 [KOME

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available AK064582 002-112-F03 AY007820.1 Daucus carota ATPase8 (ATP8) gene, ATP8-Sp1b allele, complete cds; chimeric... ATPase9 (ATP9) gene, ATP9-Sp3 allele, complete cds; and chimeric ATPase6 (ATP6) gen

GEN1 from a thermophilic fungus is functionally closely similar to non-eukaryotic junction-resolving enzymes.

Science.gov (United States)

Freeman, Alasdair D J; Liu, Yijin; Déclais, Anne-Cécile; Gartner, Anton; Lilley, David M J

2014-12-12

Processing of Holliday junctions is essential in recombination. We have identified the gene for the junction-resolving enzyme GEN1 from the thermophilic fungus Chaetomium thermophilum and expressed the N-terminal 487-amino-acid section. The protein is a nuclease that is highly selective for four-way DNA junctions, cleaving 1nt 3' to the point of strand exchange on two strands symmetrically disposed about a diagonal axis. CtGEN1 binds to DNA junctions as a discrete homodimer with nanomolar affinity. Analysis of the kinetics of cruciform cleavage shows that cleavage of the second strand occurs an order of magnitude faster than the first cleavage so as to generate a productive resolution event. All these properties are closely similar to those described for bacterial, phage and mitochondrial junction-resolving enzymes. CtGEN1 is also similar in properties to the human enzyme but lacks the problems with aggregation that currently prevent detailed analysis of the latter protein. CtGEN1 is thus an excellent enzyme with which to engage in biophysical and structural analysis of eukaryotic GEN1. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Variabilidade genética em populações naturais de Ziziphus joazeiro Mart., por meio de marcadores moleculares RAPD

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Itamara Bomfim Gois

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Os estudos de diversidade genética em populações naturais são imprescindíveis para a elaboração de estratégias de conservação. Assim, este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de caracterizar geneticamente, por meio de marcadores Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD, populações naturais de Ziziphus joazeiro Mart., localizadas na região do Baixo São Francisco sergipano. Foram empregados 20 oligonucleotídeos e, a partir do polimorfismo observado, foram estimadas a porcentagem de polimorfismo, a variabilidade genética e a similaridade genética (Sgij, por meio do coeficiente de Jaccard. O teste de Mantel foi realizado para avaliar a correlação entre a similaridade genética e a distância geográfica; sendo o fluxo gênico também estimado. O polimorfismo observado nas populações de Z. joazeiro variou de 58,1 a 66,5% e a similaridade genética, de 44 a 54%. A similaridade genética não está correlacionada com a distância geográfica, e os valores observados para o índice de diversidade genética de Nei, para o índice de Shannon e para os parâmetros HS, HT e GST foram considerados altos e semelhantes aos encontrados em outras espécies arbóreas. A porcentagem de locos polimórficos foi considerada baixa. Maior identidade genética foi encontrada entre as populações de Canindé do São Francisco e Santana do São Francisco; e a maior distância genética entre as populações de Canhoba e Canindé do São Francisco. O fluxo gênico foi maior que 1. Com base nos resultados, pode-se afirmar que há alta variabilidade genética entre as populações e que estas podem estar geneticamente estruturadas.

Genética Molecular das Epidermólises Bolhosas Molecular Genetics of Epidermolysis Bullosa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hiram Larangeira de Almeida Jr

2002-10-01

Full Text Available O estudo das alterações moleculares das epidermólises bolhosas tem contribuído para que se compreenda melhor essas enfermidades. Na epidermólise bolhosa simples a maioria dos casos está associada com alteração nas citoqueratinas basais 5 (gen KRT5 e 14 (gen KRT14, o que modifica o citoesqueleto na camada basal da epiderme, levando à degeneração dessa camada, formando bolha intra-epidérmica. Mutações na plectina (gen PLEC1, componente da placa interna do hemidesmossoma, levam também à clivagem intra-epidérmica. Na epidermólise bolhosa juncional vários gens estão envolvidos, em decorrência da complexidade da zona da membrana basal, todos levando ao descolamento dos queratinócitos basais na lâmina lúcida, pela disfunção da aderência entre esses e a lâmina densa. Alterações na laminina 5 (gens LAMA3, LAMB3 e LAMC2, integrina alfa6beta4 (gens ITGA6 e ITGB4 e colágeno XVII (gen COL17A1 foram descritas. Por fim, na epidermólise bolhosa distrófica apenas um gen está mutado, alterando o colágeno VII (gen COL7A1, principal componente das fibrilas ancorantes, produzindo clivagem abaixo da lâmina densa, variando fenotipicamente de acordo com a conseqüência da mutação. Outra aplicação importante dessas informações refere-se ao diagnóstico pré-natal, com a perspectiva no futuro da terapia gênica.New data regarding the molecular aspects of the heterogeneous group of epidermolysis bullosa has brought some important information about its pathogenesis. In epidermolysis bullosa simplex the majority of mutations are localized in the genes of the basal cytokeratin 5 (gene KRT5 and 14 (gene KRT14, cytolysis at this layer with intraepidermal blister is seen under light microscopy. Mutations of plectin (gene PLEC1, a protein found in the inner hemidesmosomal plaque, leads also to intraepidermal blisters. In junctional epidermolysis bullosa many proteins from the basal membrane zone are involved, such as laminin 5 (genes

GenColors-based comparative genome databases for small eukaryotic genomes.

Science.gov (United States)

Felder, Marius; Romualdi, Alessandro; Petzold, Andreas; Platzer, Matthias; Sühnel, Jürgen; Glöckner, Gernot

2013-01-01

Many sequence data repositories can give a quick and easily accessible overview on genomes and their annotations. Less widespread is the possibility to compare related genomes with each other in a common database environment. We have previously described the GenColors database system (http://gencolors.fli-leibniz.de) and its applications to a number of bacterial genomes such as Borrelia, Legionella, Leptospira and Treponema. This system has an emphasis on genome comparison. It combines data from related genomes and provides the user with an extensive set of visualization and analysis tools. Eukaryote genomes are normally larger than prokaryote genomes and thus pose additional challenges for such a system. We have, therefore, adapted GenColors to also handle larger datasets of small eukaryotic genomes and to display eukaryotic gene structures. Further recent developments include whole genome views, genome list options and, for bacterial genome browsers, the display of horizontal gene transfer predictions. Two new GenColors-based databases for two fungal species (http://fgb.fli-leibniz.de) and for four social amoebas (http://sacgb.fli-leibniz.de) were set up. Both new resources open up a single entry point for related genomes for the amoebozoa and fungal research communities and other interested users. Comparative genomics approaches are greatly facilitated by these resources.

O papel de marcadores moleculares na genética forense

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniele Decanine

2016-07-01

Full Text Available O objetivo desse trabalho foi apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as tecnologias utilizadas na Genética Forense, enfatizando o uso de marcadores moleculares para a identificação humana. Apresento aqui alguns exemplos do potencial da Biologia Molecular para auxiliar na investigação criminal, bem como na definição de parentesco (maternidade e paternidade. A utilização desses marcadores é atualmente a peça fundamental para os testes de DNA forense. Estes sistemas são, na sua maioria, baseados na análise de painéis de sequências microssatélites específicas (STRs. Foi possível discorrer sobre o uso forense do DNA, sobre a presença de regiões hipervariáveis no material genético, o papel de marcadores moleculares, bem como abordar técnicas de análise de DNA e suas aplicações. A busca por novas metodologias se faz importante para reduzir os custos e impulsionar uma nova cultura genética na Ciência Forense, as quais terão impacto no futuro do DNA forense com a expansão da Biologia Molecular.

GEN IV reactors: Where we are, where we should go

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Locatelli, G.; Mancini, M.; Todeschini, N.

2012-01-01

GEN IV power plants represent the mid-long term option of the nuclear sector. International literature proposes many papers and reports dealing with these reactors, but there is an evident difference of type and shape of information making impossible each kind of detailed comparison. Moreover, authors are often strongly involved in some particular design; this creates many difficulties in their super-partes position. Therefore it is necessary to put order in the most relevant information to understand strengths and weaknesses of each design and derive an overview useful for technicians and policy makers. This paper presents the state-of the art for GEN IV nuclear reactors providing a comprehensive literature review of the different designs with a relate taxonomy. It presents the more relevant references, data, advantages, disadvantages and barriers to the adoptions. In order to promote an efficient and wide adoption of GEN IV reactors the paper provides the pre-conditions that must be accomplished, enabling factors promoting the implementation and barriers limiting the extent and intensity of its implementation. It concludes outlying the state of the art of the most important R and D areas and the future achievements that must be accomplished for a wide adoption of these technologies. (authors)

Caracterización clínico genética del síndrome Prader Willi

OpenAIRE

Travieso Tellez, Anitery; Menéndez García, Reinaldo; Licourt Otero, Deysi

2014-01-01

Introducción: el síndrome Prader Willi es un desorden genético causado por la pérdida de genes contenidos en la región 15q11-q13 del cromosoma paterno. Objetivo: describir las características clínicas y genéticas de los pacientes con síndrome Prader Willi. Material y método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, con el universo de 15 pacientes con sospecha de síndrome Prader Willi remitidos a consulta provincial de Genética Clínica durante el año 2013. Se consideraron como ...

Inestabilidad cromosómica y desequilibrios genómicos en cáncer de vejiga

OpenAIRE

Del Rey Azpiri, Javier

2010-01-01

Los carcinomas uroteliales de vejiga, al igual que la mayoría de tumores sólidos, se caracterizan por la acumulación de múltiples desequilibrios genéticos. Con el fin de contribuir al conocimiento de las bases genéticas de la tumorogénesis urotelial, se estudió una serie de 180 tumores de vejiga mediante CGH convencional, observando que estos tumores mantienen un perfil característico de desequilibrios genómicos con ganancias en 1q, 8q, 11q, 16p, 17q, 18p, 19, 20q, Xq y pérdidas en 4q, 8p, 9p...

Reclassification of rhizosphere bacteria including strains causing corky root of lettuce and proposal of Rhizorhapis suberifaciens gen. nov., comb. nov., Sphingobium mellinum sp. nov., Sphingobium xanthum sp. nov. and Rhizorhabdus argentea gen. nov., sp. nov.

Science.gov (United States)

Francis, Isolde M; Jochimsen, Kenneth N; De Vos, Paul; van Bruggen, Ariena H C

2014-04-01

The genus Rhizorhapis gen. nov. (to replace the illegitimate genus name Rhizomonas) is proposed for strains of Gram-negative bacteria causing corky root of lettuce, a widespread and important lettuce disease worldwide. Only one species of the genus Rhizomonas was described, Rhizomonas suberifaciens, which was subsequently reclassified as Sphingomonas suberifaciens based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and the presence of sphingoglycolipid in the cell envelope. However, the genus Sphingomonas is so diverse that further reclassification was deemed necessary. Twenty new Rhizorhapis gen. nov.- and Sphingomonas-like isolates were obtained from lettuce or sow thistle roots, or from soil using lettuce seedlings as bait. These and previously reported isolates were characterized in a polyphasic study including 16S rRNA gene sequencing, DNA-DNA hybridization, DNA G+C content, whole-cell fatty acid composition, morphology, substrate oxidation, temperature and pH sensitivity, and pathogenicity to lettuce. The isolates causing lettuce corky root belonged to the genera Rhizorhapis gen. nov., Sphingobium, Sphingopyxis and Rhizorhabdus gen. nov. More specifically, we propose to reclassify Rhizomonas suberifaciens as Rhizorhapis suberifaciens gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain, CA1(T) = LMG 17323(T) = ATCC 49355(T)), and also propose the novel species Sphingobium xanthum sp. nov., Sphingobium mellinum sp. nov. and Rhizorhabdus argentea gen. nov., sp. nov. with the type strains NL9(T) ( = LMG 12560(T) = ATCC 51296(T)), WI4(T) ( = LMG 11032(T) = ATCC 51292(T)) and SP1(T) ( = LMG 12581(T) = ATCC 51289(T)), respectively. Several strains isolated from lettuce roots belonged to the genus Sphingomonas, but none of them were pathogenic.

Saúde pública e ética na era da medicina genômica: rastreamentos genéticos Public health and ethics in the age of genomic medicine: genetic screening

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Flavia Miranda Gomes de Constantino Bandeira

2006-03-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo tem como objetivo contextualizar o campo da saúde pública diante dos grandes avanços da biotecnologia e genética aplicada, destacando elementos para a problematização do tema tais como benefícios e questões éticas relacionados aos rastreamentos genéticos. O Projeto Genoma Humano gerou várias expectativas, dentre elas, a possibilidade de rastrear genes associados a doenças e comportamentos, e mais ainda, de intervir geneticamente no ser humano, levantando preocupações relativas ao renascimento da eugenia, ao aconselhamento genético, e ao uso da informação genética como critério de acesso aos planos de saúde e postos de trabalho. Uma discussão de todos esses tópicos é essencial para que a saúde pública seja beneficiada com as informações obtidas através da análise genômica das populações.This article has the objective to bring the field of public health into context in the face of the great advances of biotechnology and applied genetics, focusing on issues related to the theme such as benefits and ethics concerning genetic screening. The Human Genome Project has generated many expectations among which the possibility of screening genes associated to diseases and behaviors, moreover, the possibility of genetic interventions on humans, creating concerns related to the resurgence of Eugenia, of genetic counseling and the use of genetic information as a standard for access to healthcare clinics and jobs. The discussion of all these issues is essential to benefit public health with information obtained through population genomic analysis.

Identification and Characterization of Key Human Performance Issues and Research in the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen)

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Paul U.; Sheridan, Tom; Poage, james L.; Martin, Lynne Hazel; Jobe, Kimberly K.

2010-01-01

This report identifies key human-performance-related issues associated with Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) research in the NASA NextGen-Airspace Project. Four Research Focus Areas (RFAs) in the NextGen-Airspace Project - namely Separation Assurance (SA), Airspace Super Density Operations (ASDO), Traffic Flow Management (TFM), and Dynamic Airspace Configuration (DAC) - were examined closely. In the course of the research, it was determined that the identified human performance issues needed to be analyzed in the context of NextGen operations rather than through basic human factors research. The main gaps in human factors research in NextGen were found in the need for accurate identification of key human-systems related issues within the context of specific NextGen concepts and better design of the operational requirements for those concepts. By focusing on human-system related issues for individual concepts, key human performance issues for the four RFAs were identified and described in this report. In addition, mixed equipage airspace with components of two RFAs were characterized to illustrate potential human performance issues that arise from the integration of multiple concepts.

PowerGen plc report and accounts 1994

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1994-01-01

The annual report and accounts of PowerGen plc for the year 1994 are presented. Financial highlights are quoted, followed by the Chairman's statement, reviews by the Chief Executive and Financial Directors, reports by the Auditors and Directors, balance sheets and details of the consolidated profit and loss account and principal accounting policies. A four year summary and shareholder information are included. (UK)

HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERTUMBUHAN DENGAN KEBERADAAN GEN TAHAN PENYAKIT MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX (MHC PADA IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio

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Erma Primanita Hayuningtyas

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Wabah penyakit koi herpes virus (KHV di Indonesia yang terjadi sejak tahun 2002 merupakan salah satu faktor yang memicu kemerosotan produksi ikan mas budidaya. Pembentukan strain unggul ikan mas tahan KHV dapat menjadi solusi bagi permasalahan tersebut. Pemilihan genotip ikan mas tahan KHV dengan marka molekuler gen major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II, khususnya pada alel Cyca DAB 1*05 akan membantu dalam kegiatan seleksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan gen MHC-II pada populasi dasar G0 ikan mas strain Rajadanu dan hubungannya dengan pertumbuhan (bobot. Metode deteksi keberadaan gen MHC-II pada dua kelompok ikan dengan ukuran berbeda dilakukan dengan teknik PCR. Hubungan antara pertumbuhan ikan mas dengan persentase kemunculan gen MHC-II dianalisis dengan menggunakan program SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, sehingga diperoleh korelasi di antara keduanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara pertumbuhan dengan persentase keberadaan gen MHC-II berkorelasi negatif dengan nilai R = -0,742. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin cepat pertumbuhan populasi ikan mas maka semakin sedikit persentase individu yang mempunyai gen MHC-II pada setiap populasi ikan mas. Sehingga populasi ikan mas yang pertumbuhannya lambat memiliki tingkat persentase positif MHC-II lebih tinggi (85,71%-100% dibandingkan populasi ikan mas yang pertumbuhannya cepat (42,86%-85,71%.

Não é ficção científica, é ciência : a genética e a biotecnologia em revista

OpenAIRE

Daniela Ripoll

2001-01-01

A mídia tem-se ocupado com frequência, nos últimos anos, das "novidades" da genética e da biotecnologia. Textos de revistas, jornais, cartoons, fumes de Hollywood, propagandas de empresas e laboratórios, novelas de TV, talk shows, catálogos de venda de organismos, no telejornal noturno, em reportagens especiais, manchetes: a genética, a biotecnologia, a engenharia genética, a biologia molecular e as novas" genética molecular e genômica parecem ocupar uma posição de visibilidade e destaque sej...

Aspectos genéticos y neuroendocrinos en el trastorno del espectro autista

OpenAIRE

Oviedo, Norma; Manuel-Apolinar, Leticia; de la Chesnaye, Elsa; Guerra-Araiza, Christian

2015-01-01

El autismo, hoy en día definido como trastornos del espectro autista, fue descrito inicialmente en 1943. Se caracteriza por alteraciones en la comunicación, la interacción social y un espectro restringido de intereses del paciente. Generalmente se identifica en etapas tempranas del desarrollo a partir de los 18 meses de edad. Actualmente el autismo se considera un desorden neurológico con un espectro que abarca diferentes grados que se asocian con factores genéticos, no genéticos y del medio ...

License - GenLibi | LSDB Archive [Life Science Database Archive metadata

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Heterogeneidad clínica y genética en pacientes con retinosis pigmentaria en Pinar del Río. Importancia del asesoramiento genético

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Nercy Rodríguez Garcia

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: la retinosis pigmentaria (RP es una degeneración progresiva, crónica y de carácter hereditario de la retina, que conduce a discapacidad visual o ceguera sin un tratamiento adecuado. Objetivo: determinar la variabilidad de la expresión clínica en la presentación de la retinosis pigmentaria, así como el tipo de herencia con que se transmite en los enfermos y familias de los individuos ingresados en el servicio provincial de la enfermedad en Pinar del Río, lo que permitirá aplicar una estrategia para el asesoramiento genético individual y familiar. Material y Método: se realizó una investigación descriptiva, retrospectiva y transversal, teniendo como universo y muestra a los 259 pacientes con diagnóstico del padecimiento, registrados en el servicio provincial, de enero a septiembre del año 2012. Resultados: predominó el sexo masculino con 154 pacientes y el grupo de edades entre 40 y 59 años de edad con un 46,71 %. De acuerdo a la clasificación cubana, prevalece el debut precoz, el estadio I, la herencia autosómica recesiva y la forma típica de presentación. Resaltan el síndrome de Usher como entidad asociada y en 99 familias se determinó que la enfermedad sigue un patrón de herencia autosómico recesivo, en 38 de las cuales existe consanguinidad. Las limitaciones de estos enfermos obligan a suministrarles una información adecuada y precisa mediante los servicios de asesoramiento genético. Conclusiones: la gran heterogeneidad clínica y genética de la enfermedad ha generado que la estrategia de asesoramiento genético incluya la personalización del proceso de acuerdo a cada paciente y familia y se le brinde mayor importancia a los grupos de apoyo mutuo.

MitoGen: A Framework for Generating 3D Synthetic Time-Lapse Sequences of Cell Populations in Fluorescence Microscopy.

Science.gov (United States)

Svoboda, David; Ulman, Vladimir

2017-01-01

The proper analysis of biological microscopy images is an important and complex task. Therefore, it requires verification of all steps involved in the process, including image segmentation and tracking algorithms. It is generally better to verify algorithms with computer-generated ground truth datasets, which, compared to manually annotated data, nowadays have reached high quality and can be produced in large quantities even for 3D time-lapse image sequences. Here, we propose a novel framework, called MitoGen, which is capable of generating ground truth datasets with fully 3D time-lapse sequences of synthetic fluorescence-stained cell populations. MitoGen shows biologically justified cell motility, shape and texture changes as well as cell divisions. Standard fluorescence microscopy phenomena such as photobleaching, blur with real point spread function (PSF), and several types of noise, are simulated to obtain realistic images. The MitoGen framework is scalable in both space and time. MitoGen generates visually plausible data that shows good agreement with real data in terms of image descriptors and mean square displacement (MSD) trajectory analysis. Additionally, it is also shown in this paper that four publicly available segmentation and tracking algorithms exhibit similar performance on both real and MitoGen-generated data. The implementation of MitoGen is freely available.

Loci asociados con enfermedades genéticas y calidad de carne en bovinos Charolais Mexicanos

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Ana María Sifuentes Rincón

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Se determinaron las frecuencias alélicas y genotípicas de ocho marcadores localizados en los genes calpaína (CAPN, 4 751 y 316, calpastatina (CASTT1 y tiroglobulina (TG5, asociados a calidad de carne, y en los genes, m iost atina (MSTN, Q204X, arginino succinato sintasa (ASS, monofosfato sintasa (UMPS y miofosforilasa (PYGM, asocia dos a enfermedade s genéticas de ganado bovino. Se muestrearon 493 animales Charolais de registro de dos hatos ubicado s en Sonora (n=157 y tres en Nuevo León (n=336. No se encontraron portadores de los alelos T-ASS y T-UM PS, pero sí portadores del alelo Q204X del gen MSTN en frecuencias de  1 % en las poblaciones de Sonora y de 8.6 a 14.4 % en las de Nuevo León. Además, se identificaron portadores del marcador del gen PYGM, en frecuencias del 6.5 y de 1.0 % para un hato de Sonora y otro de Nuevo León, respectivamente. El análisis de diferenciación génica p areado entre las poblaciones y con los cuatro loci mostró que hay diferencias altamente significativas dentro de pobl aciones del noroeste ( P <0.0001 y entre éstas y las del noreste ( P <0.001, la cual es explicada principalmente por los loci CAPN-316 y TG5. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se recomienda el monitoreo del marcador del gen PYGM y del ale lo Q204X del gen MSTN, así como también implementar estrategias para confirmar la utilidad de los marcadores asociado s a calidad y productividad como herramienta para complementar los progra mas de mejoramiento genético.

Measuring Gen-Y Customer Experience in the Banking Sector

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Kyguolienė Asta

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The article analyses customer experience as the subject of marketing research and presents methods for assessing customer experience. The results of empirical research revealing the Gen-Y customer experience in using the Lithuanian commercial banks’ services are presented.

Divergência genética entre cinco genótipos de melão rendilhado Genetic divergence among five muskmelon cultivars

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Adriana Antonieta do Nascimento Rizzo

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Estimou-se a divergência genética entre cinco genótipos de melão rendilhado (Cucumis melo var. reticulatus Naud. (JAB-20, JAB-21, JAB-22, JAB-23 e 'Bônus nº 2' e determinou-se qual a contribuição relativa das 16 características avaliadas [nº médio de flores masculinas, hermafroditas/planta; produção total de frutos/m², peso médio dos frutos comerciáveis; diâmetro médio transversal e longitudinal do fruto (DMTF e DMLF; diâmetro médio transversal da inserção do pedúculo (DMTP; espessura média do mesocarpo e epicarpo (EMM e EME; diâmetro médio longitudinal e transversal do lóculo (DMTL e DMLL; proporção da cavidade (PC; desprendimento de sementes (DS; teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SST, pH e acidez titulável (AT] na divergência gen��tica. Obtiveram-se dois grupos de similaridade: I- JAB-20, JAB-21 e 'Bônus nº2' e II- JAB-22 e JAB-23. As características DMLF, DMTP, DMLL, DS e SST foram as que mais contribuíram para a divergência genética entre os genótipos.The genetic divergence of five cultivars of muskmelon was estimated (Cucumis melo var. reticulatus Naud (JAB-20, JAB-21, JAB-22, JAB-23 and 'Bônus nº2' and the relative contribution of each 16 characteristics were determined (number of male flowers per plant; total production of fruit, weight of fruits; longitudinal and transversal diameters of fruits; thickness and color of flesh and skin; longitudinal and transversal loculos diameter of fruits; seed loosing; netting thickness; and % total solvers solids, pH and total acidity in genetic divergence. Two groups of similarity were formed between the genitors by the values of D², one of then was constituted of the JAB-20 and JAB-21 and 'Bônus nº 2' genotypes, and another of the JAB-22 and JAB-23. The characteristics of longitudinal loculos diameters, longitudinal diameter of fruits, transversal diameter of peduncle insertion, % total solvers solids and seed loosing contributed to for genetic

Salud pública, genética y ética Public health, genetics and ethics

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Miguel H Kottow

2002-10-01

Full Text Available La investigación genética ha tenido una enorme expansión en recientes décadas, con repercusiones terapéuticas aún inciertas. El análisis bioético tradicional de las complejas prácticas genéticas ha sido insuficiente por sostenerse en la ética de la investigación y en la bioética de corte principialista. Los problemas éticos más importantes de la genética son de orden colectivo y deben ser abordados por una reflexión ético-social cuyo enfoque es más amplio que la agenda interpersonal del principialismo. Temas como exploraciones genéticas, cuestiones patrimoniales, manipulación génica y asignación de recursos, deben todos ser sometidos a un pensamiento inspirado en los requerimientos de la ciudadanía, en el bien común y en la definición del rol del Estado en fiscalizar actividades genéticas y en proteger a la población. El objetivo del estudio es mostrar cómo el amplio campo de la ética y de la genética tiene una mayor relevancia en el campo social que en el clínico. El objetivo del trabajo es señalar que la bioética principialista ha enfatizado los problemas éticos individuales que nacen con la intervención genética, a costa de marginar sus importantes repercusiones sociales.Genetics research has shown enormous developments in recent decades, although as yet with only limited clinical application. Bioethical analysis has been unable to deal with the vast problems of genetics because emphasis has been put on the principlism applied to both clinical and research bioethics. Genetics nevertheless poses its most complex moral dilemmas at the public level, where a social brand of ethics ought to supersede the essentially interpersonal perspective of principlism. A more social understanding of ethics in genetics is required to unravel issues such as research and clinical explorations, ownership and patents, genetic manipulation, and allocation of resources. All these issues require reflection based on the

Genetic diversity in maize genotypes with and without a topdressing of nitrogen fertilizer = Divergência genética de genótipos de milho com e sem adubação nitrogenada em cobertura

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Karen Cristina Leite Silva

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The use of genetic diversity as a basis for identifying combinations which are superior to the parents, with a greater heterozygosity, is important in view of the difficulty when selecting promising genotypes for a breeding program. Given the above, the aim of this work was to evaluate genetic diversity in maize genotypes with and without a topdressing of nitrogen fertiliser, using characteristics of the growth stage of the crop. Two field experiments were carried out in Gurupi, in the south of the state of Tocantins, Brazil (TO, one with and another without a topdressing of N fertilizer (1 - no N topdressing, 2 - 150 kg N ha-1. The treatments consisted of 12 genotypes (six open-pollinated populations, and six S5 strains. In applying the technique of clustering to the genotypes, the Generalised Mahalanobis Distance (D2 was adopted as dissimilarity measure. To establish similar groups, the agglomerative hierarchical method of optimisation proposed by Tocher was applied. In addition, Singh’s criterion was used to quantify the relative contribution to genetic divergence of the characteristics under evaluation. The characteristics, Chlorophyll-a and total chlorophyll, displayed the greatest contribution to genetic divergence, when there was no topdressing of nitrogen fertiliser and with the use of 150 kg N ha-1 respectively. A topdressing of nitrogen influenced both the vegetative development of the genotypes, and the expression of their genetic variability. = A utilização da divergência genética como base para a identificação de combinações superiores aos progenitores, apresentando maior heterozigose, faz-se importante diante da dificuldade de escolha de genótipos promissores em um programa de melhoramento. Com base no exposto, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a divergência genética de genótipos de milho com e sem adubação nitrogenada em cobertura, utilizando características do estágio vegetativo da cultura, no sul do Estado

Aplicación de la biotecnología en los recursos genéticos forestales

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R. Martínez

2003-01-01

Full Text Available A medida que aumenta la población y sus demandas de productos forestales, las tierras disponibles para la producción disminuyen, por lo que se necesitan esfuerzos coordinados para conseguir la sostenibilidad de la producción forestal. Aunque los sistemas tradicionales de silvicultura y mejoramiento genético continúan siendo importantes en las actividades forestales actuales, los programas convencionales de mejoramiento genético se ven limitados por el largo ciclo de desarrollo de los árboles forestales y la dificultad para distinguir siempre entre la expresión genotípica y los efectos ambientales. La biotecnología ofrece nuevas técnicas que complementan a las metodologías tradicionales del mejoramiento genético forestal. Los avances importantes de la técnica de cultivo de tejidos vegetales y la biología molecular que han tenido lugar en las dos últimas décadas se encuentran en la base del desarrollo de campos como la crioconservación y la regeneración masiva de plantas (expresión de la totipotencia celular, los marcadores de ADN, la genómica de árboles y la transformación genética. En el ámbito de los recursos genéticos, los marcadores de ADN permiten caracterizar la naturaleza, amplitud y distribución de la variabilidad genética de especies vegetales, y por tanto, facilitan la toma de decisiones sobre qué y cómo preservar. La crioconservación y la regeneración de plantas in vitro se están utilizando para conservar y micropropagar material vegetal específico, a fin de llevar a cabo la conservación ex situ y permitir el desarrollo de la silvicultura clonal. En este trabajo se realiza una revisión de las aplicaciones de estos campos a las especies forestales. En este contexto se aporta información sobre la actividad de la biotecnología forestal en las diferentes áreas de investigación.

TopoGen: A Network Topology Generation Architecture with application to automating simulations of Software Defined Networks

CERN Document Server

Laurito, Andres; The ATLAS collaboration

2017-01-01

Simulation is an important tool to validate the performance impact of control decisions in Software Defined Networks (SDN). Yet, the manual modeling of complex topologies that may change often during a design process can be a tedious error-prone task. We present TopoGen, a general purpose architecture and tool for systematic translation and generation of network topologies. TopoGen can be used to generate network simulation models automatically by querying information available at diverse sources, notably SDN controllers. The DEVS modeling and simulation framework facilitates a systematic translation of structured knowledge about a network topology into a formal modular and hierarchical coupling of preexisting or new models of network entities (physical or logical). TopoGen can be flexibly extended with new parsers and generators to grow its scope of applicability. This permits to design arbitrary workflows of topology transformations. We tested TopoGen in a network engineering project for the ATLAS detector ...

TopoGen: A Network Topology Generation Architecture with application to automating simulations of Software Defined Networks

CERN Document Server

Laurito, Andres; The ATLAS collaboration

2018-01-01

Simulation is an important tool to validate the performance impact of control decisions in Software Defined Networks (SDN). Yet, the manual modeling of complex topologies that may change often during a design process can be a tedious error-prone task. We present TopoGen, a general purpose architecture and tool for systematic translation and generation of network topologies. TopoGen can be used to generate network simulation models automatically by querying information available at diverse sources, notably SDN controllers. The DEVS modeling and simulation framework facilitates a systematic translation of structured knowledge about a network topology into a formal modular and hierarchical coupling of preexisting or new models of network entities (physical or logical). TopoGen can be flexibly extended with new parsers and generators to grow its scope of applicability. This permits to design arbitrary workflows of topology transformations. We tested TopoGen in a network engineering project for the ATLAS detector ...

PanCoreGen - Profiling, detecting, annotating protein-coding genes in microbial genomes.

Science.gov (United States)

Paul, Sandip; Bhardwaj, Archana; Bag, Sumit K; Sokurenko, Evgeni V; Chattopadhyay, Sujay

2015-12-01

A large amount of genomic data, especially from multiple isolates of a single species, has opened new vistas for microbial genomics analysis. Analyzing the pan-genome (i.e. the sum of genetic repertoire) of microbial species is crucial in understanding the dynamics of molecular evolution, where virulence evolution is of major interest. Here we present PanCoreGen - a standalone application for pan- and core-genomic profiling of microbial protein-coding genes. PanCoreGen overcomes key limitations of the existing pan-genomic analysis tools, and develops an integrated annotation-structure for a species-specific pan-genomic profile. It provides important new features for annotating draft genomes/contigs and detecting unidentified genes in annotated genomes. It also generates user-defined group-specific datasets within the pan-genome. Interestingly, analyzing an example-set of Salmonella genomes, we detect potential footprints of adaptive convergence of horizontally transferred genes in two human-restricted pathogenic serovars - Typhi and Paratyphi A. Overall, PanCoreGen represents a state-of-the-art tool for microbial phylogenomics and pathogenomics study. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Medicina genómica aplicada a la salud pública An overview in genomic medicine and public health

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Burguete

2009-01-01

Full Text Available La genómica, visualizada como una disciplina científica encargada del mapeo, secuenciación y análisis de los genomas, ha facilitado la identificación y comprensión de las formas de organización y función de los genes de los organismos, lo cual ha generado un amplio conocimiento de la estructura y la función de los genomas. La influencia de la genómica en la medicina ha creado una nueva visión acerca de la forma de percibir los episodios patológicos y fisiológicos, tras conocer la influencia de las variaciones genéticas sobre la susceptibilidad a la enfermedad. En la salud pública, mediante la epidemiología genética, el conocimiento genético ha promovido acciones individuales y poblacionales para evaluar el efecto de la distribución de los determinantes genéticos y su interacción con factores ambientales en la etiología de las enfermedades humanas. De modo adicional, la medicina genómica propone nuevos sistemas de diagnóstico, relaciones genéticas y alteraciones alimenticias, respuesta específica a diversos medicamentos y diseño de nuevos fármacos para grupos susceptibles. Sin embargo, los grandes avances de la medicina genómica en el campo de la salud aún son sólo promisorios.Genomics, as a scientific discipline responsible for genome maps, sequencing and functional analysis of genomes, allows for continually expanding knowledge of the structure and function of genomes. The influence of genomics on medicine generates a new perspective for how we perceive health and disease, knowing the influence of genetic variations on susceptibility to disease. In the area of public health, genetic epidemiology translates genetic knowledge into individual and public actions, evaluating the effect of the distribution of genetic determinants and their interaction with environmental factors involved in the etiology of human diseases. In addition, genomic medicine suggests new diagnostic systems, genetic associations and nutritional

Resgate in vitro de embriões em genótipos diplóides de bananeira

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Neves Tárcia dos Santos

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a técnica de resgate de embriões de sementes de bananeira em genótipos diplóides e a influência de defeitos do embrião e do endosperma na germinação in vitro. Foram utilizados os genótipos Calcutta, Malaccensis, Butuhan, França, 0304-02, 1304-06, 4252-04 e 9379-09. De cada genótipo, 100 sementes recém-coletadas foram embebidas em água destilada, por 24 horas, e desinfestadas em solução à base de nitrato de prata e cloreto de sódio. Os embriões extraídos foram introduzidos em meio MS com 30 g L-1 desacarose e 7 g L-1 de ágar, e cultivados em câmara de crescimento, no escuro e em temperatura de 26 ± 2ºC. A germinação concentrou-se do quinto ao vigésimo dia de cultivo e apresentou uma média de 53,25% após 45 dias, independentemente do genótipo. As espécies selvagens apresentaram porcentagem média de germinação maior do que a dos genótipos híbridos. A presença de embrião e endosperma normais não foi essencial para a germinação in vitro.

Roseicyclus marinus sp. nov., isolated from a Synechococcus culture, and emended description of the genus Roseicyclus.

Science.gov (United States)

Tang, Lili; Zhang, Zenghu; Zhou, Chao; Cui, Rong; Tian, Yu; Zhang, Yongyu

2018-05-01

A novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-flagellated, pink-pigmented and rod-shaped strain with gliding motility, designated strain CCMM001 T , was isolated from a mixed culture of Synechococcus species PCC7002 and a natural bacterial community from a sample of offshore seawater from Qingdao, China, during September 2014. The strain contained bacteriochlorophyll a with a small peak at 802 nm and a large in vivo absorption band at 870 nm. Strain CCMM001 T grew optimally at pH 7.0 and 30 °C in the presence of 3 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain CCMM001 T is most closely related to the genus Roseicyclus and its type and only species Roseicyclus mahoneyensis ML6 T with 96.9 % sequence similarity. The polar lipids of strain CCMM001 T consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, one unidentified aminolipid, and five unidentified lipids. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was Q-10. The major fatty acids included C18 : 1ω7c and C19 : 0cyclo ω8c. The DNA G+C content of strain CCMM001 T was 63.5 mol%. These phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic data indicated that strain CCMM001 T represents a novel species of the genus Roseicyclus, for which the name Roseicyclus marinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CCMM001 T (=MCCC 1K03242 T =KCTC 52641 T ).

A new species of Oswaldocruzia (Molineidae: Nematoda) in Chaunus marinus (Amphibian: Bufonidae) (Linneaus, 1758) from Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Santos, Jeannie N; Giese, Elane G; Maldonado, Arnaldo Júnior; Lanfredi, Reinalda M

2008-02-01

Oswaldocruzia belenensis n. sp. (Strongylida: Molineidae) from the small intestine of Chaunus marinus (L.) from Belém, Pará State, Brazil is described and illustrated by light and scanning electron microscopy. Oswaldocruzia belenensis n. sp. is a neotropical species of this genus, harboring caudal bursa Type II, spicules divided in 3 branches, i.e., a blade, shoe, and fork. The blade is divided in 4 points, of which at least 2 are bifurcated. Cervical alae are absent; there is a simple cephalic vesicle and synlophe with low ridges perpendicular to the body without chitinous supports. The most closely related species are O. bonsi and O. lescurei. Oswaldocruzia belenensis n. sp. differs from O. lescurei and O. bonsi by the number and location of cephalic papillae, rays 2-3 and 5-6 running parallel and slightly separated, ray 6 not overlapping ray 8, and body structure morphometry. Oswaldocruzia belenensis n sp. also differs from O. lescurei by the discontinuity of the longitudinal ridges, the number of subdivisions of the blade, and the absence of extra processes at the bifurcation level of the fork of the spicules. The new species differs from O. bonsi by male and female body dimensions, the symmetry of the caudal bursa, dimension and subdivisions of the spicules without extra processes of the fork, 2 extra processes at the distal division of the blade, and location of ray 7 at the anterior margin of the cloacal aperture. Oswaldocruzia belenensis n. sp. represents the 82nd species assigned to the genus.

Genética molecular: avanços e problemas

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Garcia Eloi S.

1996-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo traz a discussão sobre genética molecular em saúde ao campo da saúde pública. Com a revolução produzida pela chegada da engenharia genética, é importante discutir alguns dos avanços e problemas desta tecnologia para a sociedade. Está na hora de se fazer uma avaliação clara e bem informada acerca do que já se conseguiu e do que ainda podemos conseguir através desta tecnologia. A sociedade precisa compreender as implicações éticas e práticas de uma tecnologia capaz de produzir drogas milagrosas, dagnósticos modernos e a cura de todas as doenças. Alguns pontos particularmente delicados pertinentes às questões sociais ligadas à biologia molecular e ao projeto genoma humano são discutidos.

Distancias genéticas en poblaciones del NOA

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Acreche, Noemí

1996-01-01

Full Text Available La mayor parte de los trabajos realizados en nuestro país sobre polimorfismos hematológicos, abordan la necesaria descripción de las poblaciones. Se pone de relieve la importancia de encarar estudios, en base a la valiosa información publicada, que vinculen los grupos con técnicas que permitan realizar nuevas inferencias sobre sus relaciones. Conocidas en gran medida en cuanto a sus manifestaciones culturales, pueden aportar desde lo genético a la comprensión de los procesos microevolutivos ocurridos en una región. Para el NOA, se ha considerado la presencia de comunidades aborígenes incluídas en cuatro familias lingüísticas. Se tendrán en cuenta estos complejos como representativos de afinidades que se establecen a partir de estrechas relaciones entre las etnias, no sólo por la lengua, sino también por las características de sus sistemas productivos, religiosidad y organización. En base a las frecuencias génicas publicadas correspondientes a los siguientes alelos: I*A, I*B, I*O; M, N, S, s; Dia , Dib; P1, P2; C, c; D, d, E, e; Le, le; Fya, Fyb; Jka, Jkb; K y k se construyeron tablas de frecuencias. Se estimaron los coeficientes de distancias genéticas que fueron analizados y posteriormente incluídos en la construcción de un fenograma de los grupos de estudio, mediante agrupaciones (Sahn Cluster secuenciales, aglomerativas, jerárquicas y anidadas. De acuerdo a la información recopilada de las frecuencias de los 25 alelos estudiados en trece poblaciones de aborígenes del NOA y Paraguay, las distancias genéticas obtenidas reflejan los caracteres lingüístico-culturales.

Diversidad genética y estructura de la población de Vibrio choierae en Colombia

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Riaño Pachón Diego Mauricio

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó la electroforesis en gel por campo pulsado (PFGE de los macrofragmentos de restricción de 34 aislamien­tos de Vibrio choierae pertenecientes a la epidemia de cólera que se presentó en Colombia entre 1991 y 1996, adicionalmente se analizaron 3 aislamientos de V. choierae no pertenecientes a esta epidemia y un aislamiento de V fluvialis. La diversidad genética observada para los 38 aislamientos tipificados fue de 0,95 valor muy similar al obtenido por Electroforesis de Enzimas Multilocus (MLEE. No se observó correlación entre las variables que carac­terizan a estos aislamientos (serotipo, origen [clínico o ambiental], departamento, tipo electroforético (MLEE y perfil de macrofragmentos de restricción (PFGE. No se obtuvo evidencia de desequilibrio de ligamiento al evaluar esta población con los marcadores genéticos PFGE y MLEE. Se sugiere que la población de Vibrio choierae en Colom­bia presenta una estructura genética sexual, hipótesis que está soportada por la falta de evidencia de desequilibrio de ligamiento y la ausencia de correlaciones entre las variables epidemiológicas, bioquímicas y moleculares a dispo­sición, y por el alto valor de diversidad genética obtenido, que puede ser el reflejo de la coexistencia de varias líneas de descendencia entre las cuales existe un alto flujo genético. Palabras clave: Vibrio choierae; Electroforesis en gel por campo pulsado; epidemiología molecular; genética de po­blaciones; desequilibrio de ligamiento.

Resistência de genótipos de caupi ao caruncho

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BARRETO PAULO DIÓGENES

2000-01-01

Full Text Available A utilização de resistência genética ao ataque de Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr. tem sido alvo de investigação científica, especialmente no que diz respeito à identificação de fontes de resistência. O presente trabalho objetivou incorporar, ao grupo de caracteres desejáveis para o cultivo de caupi (Vigna unguiculata (L. Walp., resistência genética ao caruncho (C. maculatus. Foram realizadas hibridações dos genótipos IT81D-1045 e IT81D-1064 (portadores de resistência ao inseto com CNCx 252-1E/FB, CNCx 187-22D-1 e BR 1-Poty (capazes de transferir resistência a viroses, tolerância à seca, formação de grãos com padrão comercial, elevado potencial de produção e adaptabilidade a diferentes condições ambientais. Populações segregantes obtidas destes cruzamentos foram conduzidas pelo método SPD (descendência de uma única vagem, e na geração F5 foram realizadas seleções individuais. As linhagens obtidas foram avaliadas em conjunto com materiais de origens diferentes, utilizando-se parâmetros associados à infestação da praga. Foi constatado que os genótipos avaliados apresentaram variabilidade quanto à preferência à postura, número de insetos emergidos e número de sementes danificadas; as linhas EVx 37-15E e EVx 37-2E foram as que sofreram menor dano causado pelo caruncho; as variáveis número de ovos, número de insetos emergidos e número de sementes danificadas mostraram-se positiva e significativamente correlacionadas entre si; o grupo das linhagens que descendem de genitores resistentes apresenta valores significativamente inferiores aos obtidos pelas demais, o que indica que a resistência ao inseto se transmite geneticamente.

GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research--an update.

Science.gov (United States)

Peakall, Rod; Smouse, Peter E

2012-10-01

GenAlEx: Genetic Analysis in Excel is a cross-platform package for population genetic analyses that runs within Microsoft Excel. GenAlEx offers analysis of diploid codominant, haploid and binary genetic loci and DNA sequences. Both frequency-based (F-statistics, heterozygosity, HWE, population assignment, relatedness) and distance-based (AMOVA, PCoA, Mantel tests, multivariate spatial autocorrelation) analyses are provided. New features include calculation of new estimators of population structure: G'(ST), G''(ST), Jost's D(est) and F'(ST) through AMOVA, Shannon Information analysis, linkage disequilibrium analysis for biallelic data and novel heterogeneity tests for spatial autocorrelation analysis. Export to more than 30 other data formats is provided. Teaching tutorials and expanded step-by-step output options are included. The comprehensive guide has been fully revised. GenAlEx is written in VBA and provided as a Microsoft Excel Add-in (compatible with Excel 2003, 2007, 2010 on PC; Excel 2004, 2011 on Macintosh). GenAlEx, and supporting documentation and tutorials are freely available at: http://biology.anu.edu.au/GenAlEx. rod.peakall@anu.edu.au.

Typing of 48 autosomal SNPs and amelogenin with GenPlex SNP genotyping system in forensic genetics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tomas Mas, Carmen; Stangegaard, Michael; Børsting, Claus

2008-01-01

, Somalia and Greenland were investigated with GenPlex using a Biomek 3000 (Beckman Coulter) robot. The results were compared to results obtained with an ISO 17025 accredited SNP typing assay based on single base extension (SBE). With the GenPlex SNP genotyping system, full SNP profiles were obtained in 97.......6% of the investigations. Perfect concordance was obtained in duplicate investigations and the SNP genotypes obtained with the GenPlex system were concordant with those of the accredited SBE based SNP typing system except for one result in rs901398 in one of 286 individuals most likely due to a mutation 6 bp downstream...

GWAS in a box: statistical and visual analytics of structured associations via GenAMap.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eric P Xing

Full Text Available With the continuous improvement in genotyping and molecular phenotyping technology and the decreasing typing cost, it is expected that in a few years, more and more clinical studies of complex diseases will recruit thousands of individuals for pan-omic genetic association analyses. Hence, there is a great need for algorithms and software tools that could scale up to the whole omic level, integrate different omic data, leverage rich structure information, and be easily accessible to non-technical users. We present GenAMap, an interactive analytics software platform that 1 automates the execution of principled machine learning methods that detect genome- and phenome-wide associations among genotypes, gene expression data, and clinical or other macroscopic traits, and 2 provides new visualization tools specifically designed to aid in the exploration of association mapping results. Algorithmically, GenAMap is based on a new paradigm for GWAS and PheWAS analysis, termed structured association mapping, which leverages various structures in the omic data. We demonstrate the function of GenAMap via a case study of the Brem and Kruglyak yeast dataset, and then apply it on a comprehensive eQTL analysis of the NIH heterogeneous stock mice dataset and report some interesting findings. GenAMap is available from http://sailing.cs.cmu.edu/genamap.

NextGen Avionics Roadmap Version 2.0

Science.gov (United States)

2011-09-30

Systems Analysis ( IPSA ) Division has defined multiple NextGen Operational (NGOps) Levels, projecting relative performance and risk based on differing...degrees of capability improvements, as shown in Figure 4. IPSA forecasts include the most likely performance NGOps level (i.e., NGOps 3-4), as well...in the near-term. Figures 5 through 9 de- pict the various programs and capabilities aligned with the various NGOps levels. Factors from the IPSA

O impacto da genética na asma infantil Impact of genetics in childhood asthma

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Leonardo A. Pinto

2008-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Apresentar os resultados dos estudos mais importantes e recentes sobre a genética da asma. Estes dados devem auxiliar os clínicos gerais a compreender o impacto da genética sobre este distúrbio complexo e como os genes e polimorfismos influenciam a asma e a atopia. FONTES DOS DADOS: Os dados foram coletados do banco de dados MEDLINE. Os estudos de associação genética foram selecionados do Genetic Association Database, um repositório de estudos de associação genética de doenças e distúrbios complexos organizado pelo National Institutes of Health. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: Considerando os dados de diversos importantes estudos de gêmeos sobre a genética da asma, a heritabilidade, que mensura a contribuição dos fatores genéticos para a variância da asma, pode ser estimada entre 0,48 e 0,79. Uma grande quantidade de estudos de associação genética tentou identificar genes de susceptibilidade à asma. Os resultados mais replicados nos estudos de associação genética envolvem as cinco regiões do genoma humano a seguir: 5q31-32, 6p21, 11q12-13, 16p11-12, e 20p13. Recentemente, outro gene de susceptibilidade à asma (ORMDL3, considerado determinante crítico para a asma infantil, foi identificado por um estudo genômico de associação. CONCLUSÕES: É possível estimar que a contribuição genética à asma varia entre 48 e 79%. Diversos loci parecem influenciar a susceptibilidade à asma. Os genes localizados no cromossomo 5q (ADRB2, IL13 e IL4 e o gene ORMDL3, no cromossomo 17, identificado recentemente, parecem ser determinantes para a asma infantil. O diagnóstico e a farmacogenética podem ser as primeiras implicações clínicas de estudos extensivos sobre a genética da asma.OBJECTIVE: To present the most important and recent results of studies on asthma genetics. These data may help general physicians understand the impact of genetics on this complex disorder and how genes and polymorphisms influence asthma and atopy

El uso de alteraciones genéticas en la estratificación por riesgo del mieloma múltiple

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Esteban Braggio

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Los estudios genéticos han alcanzado un papel central en el estudio del mieloma múltiple (MM, al convertirse en un componente crítico en la estratificación basada en el riesgo de la enfermedad. Se han hecho grandes esfuerzos para identificar cambios genéticos que puedan predecir el resultado clínico e incluirlos en la práctica clínica diaria. La hibridización in situ fluorescente (FISH es todavía la técnica genética más utilizada en la práctica clínica, mayormente debido a su sencilla implementación y su simplicidad para el análisis de datos. El advenimiento de la genómica (hibridización genómica comparativa, secuenciación exónica o genómica completa y del transcriptoma de alta resolución (perfiles de expresión de genes - GEP y secuenciación de ARNm proveen un análisis exhaustivo de los ya definidos factores pronósticos genéticos y son herramientas útiles para la identificación de potenciales nuevos marcadores pronósticos de enfermedad en el clon tumoral de MM. Más aún, GEP ha sido exitosamente implementado en MM como una herramienta de estratificación de riesgo, siendo la de mayor poder de discriminación de resultados. De todas maneras, algunos aspectos técnicos y logísticos complejos (necesidad de una elevada purificación del clon tumoral, costo de los ensayos y complejidad en los análisis de los datos deben ser considerados antes de la incorporación definitiva de estas tecnologías de alto rendimiento dentro de los ensayos clínicos de rutina. Hasta entonces, FISH continúa siendo la herramienta estándar para la detección de anormalidades genéticas y de valoración pronóstico de enfermedad.

Justicia y genética: compensando las diferencias

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Alejandra Zúñiga-Fajuri

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Se analizan los dilemas morales asociados a los avances científicos que en la actualidad nos exigen repensar el concepto de igualdad equitativa de oportunidades. Asimismo, se pasa revista a la discusión filosófica en torno al origen de las desventajas sociales y genéticas que permiten las desigualdades sociales.

Variabilidade genética de genótipos de bananeira (Musa spp submetidos ao estresse salino Genetic variability of banana (Musa spp genotypes subjected to saline stress

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Eline W. F. Gomes

2005-06-01

Full Text Available O Brasil é o segundo maior produtor mundial de bananas, sendo Pernambuco o estado que apresenta maior expansão da cultura na região do perímetro irrigado do Vale do São Francisco em cujas áreas, porém, são freqüentes os problemas de salinização do solo o que se pode tornar um fator limitante para a cultura. A utilização de cultivares tolerantes à salinidade apresenta-se como uma alternativa bastante viável; assim, identificar genótipos que se adaptem a solos salinos da Região Nordeste, é de fundamental importância para os programas de melhoramento. Este trabalho teve por finalidade utilizar marcadores moleculares, obtidos por amplificação de DNA via Reação em Cadeia polimerase (PCR com iniciadores (primers de RAPD, para determinar a variabilidade genética entre dez genótipos de banana (Musa spp: Pacovan, Nanicão, Caipira, FHIA18, Calcuttá, SN/2, Borneo, M-53, Microcarpa e Lidi, correlacionando-os com a tolerância ao estresse salino. Foram testados 25 primers. O iniciador D0142A07 gerou o maior número de loci polimórficos, enquanto o D0142B05 originou o menor. Em geral, o polimorfismo gerado com os marcadores de DNA mostrou que, apesar da base genética estreita, no caso das que são formadas pelo mesmo grupo genômico, os genótipos de bananeira apresentam variabilidade genética relativamente alta. As variedades que apresentaram maior tolerância ao estresse salino, como a Pacovan e SN/2, mostraram-se distantes geneticamente, quando comparadas com as mais sensíveis ao sal, como Calcuttá e Lidi.Brazil is the second lagest banana producer. The State of Pernambuco has presented the greatest expansion of banana cultivation in the irrigated perimeters of the São Francisco Valley. In these areas, however, there are frequent problems with high salt content in the soil, which could turn out to be a major limiting factor to its cultivation. The utilization of cultivars tolerant to saline conditions is a rather viable

Dedicated Caravan Sites for French Gens du Voyage: Public Health Policy or Construction of Health and Environmental Inequalities?

Science.gov (United States)

Foisneau, Lise

2017-12-01

In France, gens du voyage ("people who travel" or "travellers") is a term used by the government to categorize various itinerant populations, the majority of which are diverse Romani groups. People categorized as gens du voyage are legally required to reside in particular locations called "dedicated caravan sites." Parliamentary debates about these dedicated caravan sites have clarified that one of the objectives of such sites is to help fulfill the gens du voyage 's right to health. However, there is a significant gap between the officially stated goals of such sites and the reality of life within them. This paper draws on research finding that the conditions in most dedicated caravan sites do not conform with the rights of gens du voyage to acceptable sanitary conditions and other underlying determinants of health.

Adaptabilidade na produção de massa verde e grãos de genótipos de milho no Tocantins

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edmar Vinícius de Carvalho

Full Text Available Condições distintas de cultivo fazem com que a resposta dos genótipos seja diferente em cada situação. Para amenizar o efeito desta interação são realizadas análises de adaptabilidade e estabilidade, que auxiliam na escolha dos genótipos. Porém, muitas vezes, um genótipo apresenta diversas finalidades, causando problemas ao agricultor em algumas situações e, o uso de genótipos específicos, poderia ser uma solução. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de milho na região Centro-Sul do Estado do Tocantins, e classificá-los, quanto a tendência da finalidade produtiva: grãos ou massa verde. Foram realizados oito experimentos em dois municípios do Tocantins na entressafra 2010 e na safra 2010/2011, sendo avaliados 16 genótipos de milho. Avaliou-se a massa verde total da planta e a produção de grãos (em g planta-1, as quais foram usadas na análise de adaptabilidade e estabilidade e, posteriormente buscou-se classificar a tendência da finalidade produtiva dos genótipos. Os genótipos P09, P12, P10, H02 e H01 apresentaram classificação do coeficiente de regressão superior na produção de grãos em relação à massa verde total da planta, acontecendo o contrário com os genótipos P02 e P01. O genótipo H01, quanto à produção de grãos, foi adaptado a ambientes favoráveis e apresentou tendência da finalidade produtiva para esta característica. Ao contrário dos genótipos P08 e P02, que foram adaptados a ambos ambientes e a ambientes favoráveis, respectivamente, quanto à massa verde total da planta e, obtiveram tendência da finalidade produtiva para esta característica.

Targeted amplicon sequencing (TAS): a scalable next-gen approach to multilocus, multitaxa phylogenetics.

Science.gov (United States)

Bybee, Seth M; Bracken-Grissom, Heather; Haynes, Benjamin D; Hermansen, Russell A; Byers, Robert L; Clement, Mark J; Udall, Joshua A; Wilcox, Edward R; Crandall, Keith A

2011-01-01

Next-gen sequencing technologies have revolutionized data collection in genetic studies and advanced genome biology to novel frontiers. However, to date, next-gen technologies have been used principally for whole genome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing. Yet many questions in population genetics and systematics rely on sequencing specific genes of known function or diversity levels. Here, we describe a targeted amplicon sequencing (TAS) approach capitalizing on next-gen capacity to sequence large numbers of targeted gene regions from a large number of samples. Our TAS approach is easily scalable, simple in execution, neither time-nor labor-intensive, relatively inexpensive, and can be applied to a broad diversity of organisms and/or genes. Our TAS approach includes a bioinformatic application, BarcodeCrucher, to take raw next-gen sequence reads and perform quality control checks and convert the data into FASTA format organized by gene and sample, ready for phylogenetic analyses. We demonstrate our approach by sequencing targeted genes of known phylogenetic utility to estimate a phylogeny for the Pancrustacea. We generated data from 44 taxa using 68 different 10-bp multiplexing identifiers. The overall quality of data produced was robust and was informative for phylogeny estimation. The potential for this method to produce copious amounts of data from a single 454 plate (e.g., 325 taxa for 24 loci) significantly reduces sequencing expenses incurred from traditional Sanger sequencing. We further discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this method, while offering suggestions to enhance the approach.

A ética na história do aconselhamento genético: um desafio à educação médica

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Cristiano Guedes

Full Text Available O aconselhamento genético é uma prática que surgiu nos Estados Unidos na década de 1940 e tem se difundido ao redor do mundo com a crescente popularização da informação genética e a profissionalização da genética na saúde pública. É por meio de sessões de aconselhamento que as pessoas são informadas sobre os resultados de testes genéticos e recebem orientações sobre probabilidades, riscos e possibilidades de doenças genéticas. Trata-se de uma prática profissional que combina saúde, assistência e educação. Este ensaio descreve o surgimento e o desenvolvimento da prática de aconselhamento genético e apresenta alguns de seus desafios éticos.

Diagnóstico genético prenatal y aborto. Dos cuestiones de eugenesia y discriminación.

OpenAIRE

Villela Cortés, Fabiola; Linares Salgado, Jorge

2015-01-01

Los avances en genética seguidos de las nuevas tecnologías en la detección temprana de afecciones genéticas conllevan dilemas bioéticos sobre el uso adecuado de estas técnicas, la información que se le da a la mujer embarazada y la decisión que ella tomará al recibirla. Detectar a tiempo anomalías genéticas permite, en algunas ocasiones, el inicio de un tratamiento adecuado que permita que el niño por nacer no desarrolle una enfermedad discapacitante, como el caso de la fenilcetonuria,...

Diagnóstico genético prenatal y aborto. Dos cuestiones de eugenesia y discriminación

OpenAIRE

Villela Cortés, Fabiola; Linares Salgado, Jorge E.

2015-01-01

Los avances en genética seguidos de las nuevas tecnologías en la detección temprana de afecciones genéticas conllevan dilemas bioéticos sobre el uso adecuado de estas técnicas, la información que se le da a la mujer embarazada y la decisión que ella tomará al recibirla. Detectar a tiempo anomalías genéticas permite, en algunas ocasiones, el inicio de un tratamiento adecuado que permita que el niño por nacer no desarrolle una enfermedad discapacitante, como el caso de la fenilcetonuria, o una ...

NetGen: a novel network-based probabilistic generative model for gene set functional enrichment analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Duanchen; Liu, Yinliang; Zhang, Xiang-Sun; Wu, Ling-Yun

2017-09-21

High-throughput experimental techniques have been dramatically improved and widely applied in the past decades. However, biological interpretation of the high-throughput experimental results, such as differential expression gene sets derived from microarray or RNA-seq experiments, is still a challenging task. Gene Ontology (GO) is commonly used in the functional enrichment studies. The GO terms identified via current functional enrichment analysis tools often contain direct parent or descendant terms in the GO hierarchical structure. Highly redundant terms make users difficult to analyze the underlying biological processes. In this paper, a novel network-based probabilistic generative model, NetGen, was proposed to perform the functional enrichment analysis. An additional protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was explicitly used to assist the identification of significantly enriched GO terms. NetGen achieved a superior performance than the existing methods in the simulation studies. The effectiveness of NetGen was explored further on four real datasets. Notably, several GO terms which were not directly linked with the active gene list for each disease were identified. These terms were closely related to the corresponding diseases when accessed to the curated literatures. NetGen has been implemented in the R package CopTea publicly available at GitHub ( http://github.com/wulingyun/CopTea/ ). Our procedure leads to a more reasonable and interpretable result of the functional enrichment analysis. As a novel term combination-based functional enrichment analysis method, NetGen is complementary to current individual term-based methods, and can help to explore the underlying pathogenesis of complex diseases.

Divergência genética em cultivares de morangueiro, baseada em caracteres morfoagronômicos

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Rafael Gustavo Ferreira Morales

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Os caracteres morfoagronômicos são tradicionalmente usados na caracterização de cultivares e no estudo da divergência genética, contribuindo na definição de estratégias para o melhoramento genético. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a divergência genética por meio de caracteres morfoagronômicos de 11 cultivares de morangueiro (Aromas, Camarosa, Camino Real, Campinas, Diamante, Dover, Oso Grande, Sweet Charlie, Toyonoka, Tudla e Ventana, nas condições climáticas da região Centro-Sul do Paraná. Foram analisados 29 caracteres morfoagronômicos relacionados com a planta, folha, flor, fruto e aquênios do morangueiro. As similaridades genéticas foram calculadas por meio de análise multivariada e, os cultivares, agrupados com base na matriz de similaridade genética, usando-se UPGMA. Dentre os 29 caracteres morfoagronômicos avaliados, oito apresentaram diferenças não significativas (p < 0,05. A similaridade média foi de 38%, variando de 19 (aromas e camino real a 62% (Camino Real e Camarosa; Aromas e Sweet Charlie. O dendrograma alocou os cultivares em quatro grupos, contudo, essa divisão não foi coerente com a origem e genealogia dos cultivares. O cultivar Tudla apresenta elevado potencial "per se" para utilização em programas de melhoramento. O cruzamento mais promissor com base nos caracteres morfoagronômicos é entre os cultivares Camarosa e Campinas.

Description of a new genus, Galgoria gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadinae: Leptopsaltriini: Leptopsaltriina).

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Young June

2016-05-10

A new cicada genus, Galgoria gen. nov., is described with Tanna herzbergi Schmidt, 1932 (from southern China) as its type species, which is placed in the subtribe Leptopsaltriina Moulton, 1923 of the tribe Leptopsaltriini Moulton, 1923 in the subfamily Cicadinae Latreille, 1802 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae). Tanna herzbergi Schmidt, 1932 is transferred from Tanna Distant, 1905 to Galgoria gen. nov. to become Galgoria herzbergi (Schmidt, 1932) comb. nov. Tanna apicalis Chen, 1940 syn. nov. and Tanna pseudocalis Lei & Chou, 1997 syn. nov. are synonymized here with Galgoria herzbergi (Schmidt, 1932) comb. nov.

Polimorfismos del gen ob en bovinos de raza holstein en la Comarca Lagunera, México

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Sarai S. Mendoza-Retana

2017-01-01

Full Text Available La Comarca Lagunera es la cuenca lechera más importante de México. En la actualidad se están utilizando diversas técnicas que permiten evaluar genéticamente el animal a una edad temprana, permitiendo seleccionar futuros reproductores con características deseables. Entre los genes relacionados con la producción de leche, se encuentran el gen Ob también llamado gen Leptina el cual actúa sobre el sistema nervioso central y tejidos periféricos jugando un papel muy importante en la modulación regulación del apetito, ganancia de peso vivo, incremento del metabolismo energético y el anabolismo muscular. Este trabajo se realizó para determinar el polimorfismo de longitud del fragmento de restricción ACI I de gen leptina en el exón 2 y correlacionarlo con los parámetros de producción y calidad de leche. Se recolectaron 100 muestra de sangre de vacas en producción del establo “Lácteos Florida” de Francisco I. Madero municipio de Coahuila, México con tres esta tus de producción: altas, medias y bajas La extracción de ADN se realizó por el método modificado de Salting - Out. Se realizó PCR del gen leptina originando un fragmento de 272 bp de longitud y se realizó PCR - RFLP con la enzima de restricción ACI I y secue nciación, correlacionando los genotipos TT, CT Y CC con tres estatus de producción de leche: altas, medias, bajas. El análisis estadístico indicó que las vacas portadoras del genotipo homocigoto (TT tienen un efecto significativo (P<0.01 con respecto a l as características de producción y calidad de leche ya que tuvieron un mayor consumo de alimento, ganancia de peso, además de una elevada producción de leche en comparación a los genotipos heterocigoto (CT y homocigoto (CC. Los resultados obtenidos muest ran que l a identificación molecular de polimorfismos del gen Ob puede usarse como herramienta de selección genética en bovinos de raza Holstein.

Dual-track CCS stakeholder engagement: Lessons learned from FutureGen in Illinois

Science.gov (United States)

Hund, G.; Greenberg, S.E.

2011-01-01

FutureGen, as originally planned, was to be the world's first coal-fueled, near-zero emissions power plant with fully integrated, 90% carbon capture and storage (CCS). From conception through siting and design, it enjoyed strong support from multiple stakeholder groups, which benefited the overall project. Understanding the stakeholder engagement process for this project provides valuable insights into the design of stakeholder programs for future CCS projects. FutureGen is one of few projects worldwide that used open competition for siting both the power plant and storage reservoir. Most site proposals were coordinated by State governments. It was unique in this and other respects relative to the site selection method used on other DOE-supported projects. At the time of site selection, FutureGen was the largest proposed facility designed to combine an integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) coal-fueled power plant with a CCS system. Stakeholder engagement by states and the industry consortium responsible for siting, designing, building, and operating the facility took place simultaneously and on parallel tracks. On one track were states spearheading state-wide site assessments to identify candidate sites that they wanted to propose for consideration. On the other track was a public-private partnership between an industry consortium of thirteen coal companies and electric utilities that comprised the FutureGen Alliance (Alliance) and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The partnership was based on a cooperative agreement signed by both parties, which assigned the lead for siting to the Alliance. This paper describes the stakeholder engagement strategies used on both of these tracks and provides examples from the engagement process using the Illinois semi-finalist sites. ?? 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Saber o no saber… Derecho e información genética

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José Ignacio Solar Cayón

2013-12-01

Full Text Available El extraordinario desarrollo de las técnicas genéticas, con su formidable capacidad de afectación a la autonomía personal y de invasión de los derechos individuales, está teniendo un impacto profundo en el pensamiento jurídico, obligándonos a revisar algunos de los presupuestos en que se funda nuestra concepción de los derechos fundamentales. Así, el reconocimiento del derecho del individuo a no conocer sus datos genéticos parece desafiar nociones esenciales como las de autonomía y racionalidad del sujeto de derechos, vinculadas en el proyecto ilustrado de emancipación del individuo a la idea de pleno acceso al conocimiento. Sin embargo, la propia idea de “ignorancia” no resulta ajena al discurso de fundamentación de los derechos fundamentales, como prueba el papel esencial que el “velo de la ignorancia” desempeña en la revisión de la tradición liberal efectuada por John Rawls. A partir de la teoría de éste y de John Stuart Mill se indaga en los fundamentos filosóficos del derecho a no saber los datos genéticos y en sus límites, ante la existencia de posibles derechos de terceros a acceder a esa información. Asimismo, se pone de manifiesto el papel que en este nuevo contexto juega el Derecho como instancia administradora del conocimiento y de la ignorancia, ante la amenaza de un determinismo genético que parece poner en cuestión en última instancia la idea misma de libertad individual.

Resgate vegetativo por alporquia de genótipos adultos de urucum (Bixa orellana L.

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Nilton César Mantovani

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivos avaliar a técnica de alporquia visando ao resgate vegetativo de genótipos de urucum (Bixa orellana L. e a obtenção de plantas fornecedoras de propágulos para processos de propagação clonal. Foram utilizadas dez plantas matrizes de urucum, com 12 anos de idade, obtidas partindo do cruzamento artificial entre os genótipos "Fruto Verde Piloso" X "Fruto Vermelho Liso". Os alporques foram realizados em ramos de 1 a 2 cm de diâmetro, utilizando-se como substrato uma mistura de vermiculita e musgo. Foi avaliado o efeito (1 do tipo de anelamento da casca dos ramos (total ou parcial, com 1 cm de comprimento, (2 do AIB (ácido indol-3-butírico a 0 e 4,92 mM aplicado em papel filtro e (3 do tipo de proteção dos alporques (filmes plásticos transparente ou preto ou tecido tencel, no enraizamento de alporque dos dez genótipos. A técnica de alporquia proporcionou o enraizamento de ramos dos dez genótipos avaliados, com eficiência variável de 20 a 100%, havendo efeito do genótipo sobre a frequência de enraizamento. A sobrevivência desses alporques foi de 100% após o plantio quando estes foram produzidos com anelamento total, tratados com AIB e protegidos com plástico transparente. Em casa de vegetação os alporques desenvolveram ramos partindo da brotação de gemas caulinares constituindo estoques de explantes apropriados para serem utilizados como estacas ou como fontes de segmentos nodais para a propagação in vitro desta espécie.

Eustochomorpha Girault, Neotriadomerus gen. n., and Proarescon gen. n. (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae, early extant lineages in evolution of the family

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John T. Huber

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Eustochomorpha Girault, with one described species, E. haeckeli Girault, from Australia is redescribed. Neotriadomerus Huber, gen. n., is described, together with seven new species, all from Australia: N. burwelli Huber, sp. n., N. crassus Huber, sp. n., N. darlingi Huber, sp. n., N. gloriosus Huber, sp. n., N. longiovipositor Huber, sp. n., N. longissimus Huber, sp. n. (one of the largest species of Mymaridae, and N. powerae Huber, sp. n. Proarescon Huber, gen. n., is described for P. primitivum (Huber, comb. n., transferred from Borneomymar Huber, and P. similis Huber, sp. n., from Thailand. The previously unknown male of Borneomymar madagascar Huber is described and the genus is redescribed from critical point dried and slide mounted specimens. Triadomerini, stat. n., is proposed to include six genera: Borneomymar, Eustochomorpha and Neotriadomerus, and the Cretaceous Carpenteriana Yoshimoto, Macalpinia Yoshimoto and Triadomerus Yoshimoto. Aresconini is proposed to include five (possibly six genera: Arescon Enock, Kikiki Huber and Beardsley, Proarescon Huber and Tinkerbella Huber and Noyes, and the Cretaceous Myanmymar Huber and, tentatively, also Enneagmus Yoshimoto. The two tribes are proposed as being the earliest lineages in Mymaridae, with Neotriadomerus and Triadomerus being sister genera to the remaining extant and extinct genera, respectively.

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Parámetros genéticos y tendencias genéticas para características de comportamiento en ganaderías de lida mexicanas

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Joel Domínguez-Viveros

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron: estimar componentes de varianza; calcular heredabilidades (h2 y correlaciones genéticas (rg; predecir valores genéticos (VG, y analizar las tendencias a través del tiempo. Se analizó la información de comportamiento en cuatro ganaderías de lidia mexicanas: Los Encinos (ENC, Montecristo (MCR, San José (SJO y Fernando de la Mora (FMO. La información analizada correspondió a las notas de tienta al caballo (TC, tienta a pie (TP, lidia a caballo (LC y lidia a pie (LP. El número de observaciones osciló de 154 a 2,369 y el número de animales en los pedigríes varió de 3,246 a 8,962; se realizó un análisis multivariado con el software MTDFREML. Las heredabilidades obtenidas fueron de 0.09±0.05 a 0.47±0.22, y un promedio de 0.28±0.09; la h2 promedio por características fue de 0.33±0.06 para TC y TP, 0.23±0.14 para LC y 0.27±0.12 para LP. Todas las rg fueron positivas y superiores a 0.50; con excepción en TP y LP (0.44±0.38 en FMO y TC y LP (0.28±0.14 en MCR. La rg promedio dentro de ganadería fue de 0.71±0.14 en MCR, 0.77±0.35 en FMO, 0.78±0.18 en ENC y 0.85±0.31 en SJO. Las tendencias de los VG fueron positivas y diferentes de cero (P0.05. La ganancia por año, como parte porcentual de la media, osciló de 0.19 % en LC de FMO a 1.5 % en TP de ENC. Las estimaciones de heredabilidad y la variabilidad de los valores genéticos sugieren su utilidad en programas de selección, favoreciendo un mayor progreso genético.

GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research—an update

Science.gov (United States)

Peakall, Rod; Smouse, Peter E.

2012-01-01

Summary: GenAlEx: Genetic Analysis in Excel is a cross-platform package for population genetic analyses that runs within Microsoft Excel. GenAlEx offers analysis of diploid codominant, haploid and binary genetic loci and DNA sequences. Both frequency-based (F-statistics, heterozygosity, HWE, population assignment, relatedness) and distance-based (AMOVA, PCoA, Mantel tests, multivariate spatial autocorrelation) analyses are provided. New features include calculation of new estimators of population structure: G′ST, G′′ST, Jost’s Dest and F′ST through AMOVA, Shannon Information analysis, linkage disequilibrium analysis for biallelic data and novel heterogeneity tests for spatial autocorrelation analysis. Export to more than 30 other data formats is provided. Teaching tutorials and expanded step-by-step output options are included. The comprehensive guide has been fully revised. Availability and implementation: GenAlEx is written in VBA and provided as a Microsoft Excel Add-in (compatible with Excel 2003, 2007, 2010 on PC; Excel 2004, 2011 on Macintosh). GenAlEx, and supporting documentation and tutorials are freely available at: http://biology.anu.edu.au/GenAlEx. Contact: rod.peakall@anu.edu.au PMID:22820204

Data-Link and Surface Map Traffic Intent Displays for NextGen 4DT and Equivalent Visual Surface Operations

Science.gov (United States)

Shelton, Kevin J.; Prinzel, Lawrence J., III; Arthur, Jarvis J., III; Jones, Deise R.; Allamandola, Angela S.; Bailey, Randall E.

2009-01-01

By 2025, U.S. air traffic is predicted to increase 3-fold and may strain the current air traffic management system, which may not be able to accommodate this growth. In response to this challenge, a consortium of industry, academia and government agencies have proposed a revolutionary new concept for U.S. aviation operations, termed the Next Generation Air Transportation System or "NextGen". Many key capabilities are being identified to enable NextGen, including the concept of "net-centric" operations whereby each aircraft and air services provider shares information to allow real-time adaptability to ever-changing factors such as weather, traffic, flight trajectories, and security. Data-link is likely to be the primary source of communication in NextGen. Because NextGen represents a radically different approach to air traffic management and requires a dramatic shift in the tasks, roles, and responsibilities for the flight deck, there are numerous research issues and challenges that must be overcome to ensure a safe, sustainable air transportation system. Flight deck display and crew-vehicle interaction concepts are being developed that proactively investigate and overcome potential technology and safety barriers that might otherwise constrain the full realization of NextGen.

Preparing Net Gen pre-service teachers for digital native classrooms

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Valentin Ekiaka Nzai

2014-09-01

Full Text Available This paper explored Net Gen Bilingual pre-service teachers’ perspectives future digital native classrooms based on the National Education Technology Plan (2010 postulates. Participants were Seven Net Gen bilingual future teachers enrolled at a semester – long laboratory of practices project for Literacy Development for English Language Learners. Data were collected using Ginsburg’s (1989 narrative strategy, which consisted of analyzing information from participants’ life stories produced during two audiotaped focus group conversations. Findings showed that pre-service teachers had positive perceptions and beliefs toward the laboratory of practices built upon the experimental cyberlearning workstation frame designed by the authors. The hands-on experiences helped them enhance their digital native-like citizenship in order to meet future students’ individual abilities and learning styles, and stimulate teaching with digital technologies. Some recommendations and limitations are also addressed.

Transhumanistas y Bioconservadores en torno al dopaje genético

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Raúl Francisco Sebastián Solanes

2013-04-01

Full Text Available En el presente texto proponemos una reflexión sobre uso de tecnologías genéticas que  aumentan el rendimiento deportivo como futuro campo de investigación de una Neuroética social. Este problema, que se ha dado en llamar “dopaje genético”, congrega a su alrededor un debate entre los partidarios del Bioconservadurismo y del Transhumanismo. Expondremos la concepción de dos importantes representantes del Transhumanismo (J. Savulescu y C. Tamburrini y de dos conocidos partidarios del Bioconservadurismo (M. Sandel y R. L. Simon, a fin de subrayar la importancia de este debate y las futuras implicaciones en la mejora del rendimiento físico, cognitivo y educacional a las que se deberá hacer frente desde el nivel socio-cultural de la Neuroética.

Identificación de marcadores microsatelites para el estudio de la diversidad genética de Taenia solium

OpenAIRE

Eguiluz Moya, María Lisseth

2014-01-01

La diversidad genética en parásitos está orientada hacia el esclarecimiento de la epidemiología y transmisión de las enfermedades. Muchos aspectos de la variación genética de Taenia solium se mantienen aún desconocidos. El estudio de la variación genética de este parásito permitiría comprender las diferencias observadas en la infectividad, patogenicidad y respuesta al tratamiento contra la neurocisticercosis. El polimorfismo de los loci microsatélites es un método utilizado ampliamente para e...

Avaliação da dissimilaridade genética em genótipos de bananeira (Musa spp. via marcadores RAPD Evaluation of genetics dissimilarity in banana tree genotypes (Musa spp. by means of RAPD markers

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Carolina Maria Palácios de Souza

2008-06-01

Full Text Available A bananicultura possui grande importância econômica e social. A UENF, por meio do Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal iniciou um trabalho de introdução de cultivares de bananeira. Foram introduzidas cultivares com procedência da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura e Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo de diversidade genética entre 21 cultivares e obter a correta identificação de possíveis genótipos introduzidos na UENF. Foram avaliados os seguintes genótipos: Fhia 18, Prata-Anã, UENF 1526, Pacovan, Caipira, Maçã, UENF 1527, Nanicão, Thap Maeo, UENF 1528, UENF 1529, Grande Naine, Ambrósia, Bucaneiro, Calipso, PV42-68, PV42-85, PV42-142, ST12-31, Calcutta e BB da França. A análise de divergência genética foi feita com base na caracterização molecular, utilizando-se da técnica RAPD. Para serem obtidas marcas moleculares RAPD, foram utilizados 31 "primers", gerando um total de 94 marcas totais. Os resultados mostraram que os marcadores moleculares RAPD foram eficazes em revelar a existência de diversidade genética entre os 21 genótipos de bananeira. Na interpretação das análises moleculares, foi utilizado o complemento aritmético do Índice de Jaccard. Com base nas análises de agrupamento hierárquicas UPGMA e o método de otimização de Tocher, essa diversidade pôde ser observada pela presença de genótipos similares e divergentes.Banana is a very important social and economic crop. The introduction of of banana cultivars was initiated through the Plant Genetics Laboratory at UENF. Cultivars from Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits and Western Amazon were introduced. The objective of the present work was to analyze the genetic dissimilarity between 21 cultivars and obtain the correct identification of the possible genotypes introduced at UENF. The following genotypes were evaluated: Fhia 18, Prata Anã, UENF 1526, Pacovan, Caipira, Maçã, UENF 1527, Nanicão, Thap

Riesgos sobre la salud de los alimentos modificados genéticamente: una revision bibliografica

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Roig José L. Domingo

2000-01-01

Full Text Available A lo largo de 1999, se ha venido intensificando el debate sobre la seguridad de los alimentos modificados genéticamente, una importante y compleja área de investigación científica, la cual demanda unos estándares rigurosos. Diversos grupos, incluyendo asociaciones de consumidores y Organizaciones no Gubernamentales (ONGs han sugerido que todos los alimentos modificados genéticamente deberían ser sometidos a estudios a largo plazo con animales antes de su aprobación para el consumo humano. El principal objetivo de la presente revisión ha sido conocer cual es el estado actual de la cuestión en lo referente a los potenciales efectos adversos sobre la salud de los alimentos modificados genéticamente. Dos bases de datos, Medline y Toxline, así como una serie de direcciones de internet, han sido empleadas para la obtención de bibliografía. Aunque son numerosos los comentarios, noticias generales y cartas al Editor aparecidos en prestigiosas revistas, los artículos referentes a estudios experimentales sobre la seguridad de los alimentos modificados genéticamente son, sorprendentemente, muy escasos. Si se han obtenido resultados procedentes de la evaluación toxicológica de estos alimentos, no han sido publicados en revistas científicas y, por lo tanto, no han podido ser debidamente juzgados o contrastados.

Patterns of invasion and colonization of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in North America as revealed by microsatellite genotypes.

Science.gov (United States)

Bryan, M B; Zalinski, D; Filcek, K B; Libants, S; Li, W; Scribner, K T

2005-10-01

Invasions by exotic organisms have had devastating affects on aquatic ecosystems, both ecologically and economically. One striking example of a successful invader that has dramatically affected fish community structure in freshwater lakes of North America is the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). We used eight microsatellite loci and multiple analytical techniques to examine competing hypotheses concerning the origins and colonization history of sea lamprey (n = 741). Analyses were based on replicated invasive populations from Lakes Erie, Huron, Michigan, and Superior, populations of unknown origins from Lakes Ontario, Champlain, and Cayuga, and populations of anadromous putative progenitor populations in North America and Europe. Populations in recently colonized lakes were each established by few colonists through a series of genetic bottlenecks which resulted in lower allelic diversity in more recently established populations. The spatial genetic structure of invasive populations differed from that of native populations on the Atlantic coast, reflecting founder events and connectivity of invaded habitats. Anadromous populations were found to be panmictic (theta(P) = 0.002; 95% CI = -0.003-0.006; P > 0.05). In contrast, there was significant genetic differentiation between populations in the lower and upper Great Lakes (theta(P) = 0.007; P freshwater habitats were examined using coalescent-based analyses, and demonstrated that populations likely originated from natural migrations via the St Lawrence River.

Case study of read-across predictions using a Generalized Read-Across (GenRA) Approach (10th World Congress)

Science.gov (United States)

We developed the Generalized Read-Across (GenRA) approach to facilitate automated, algorithmic read across predictions. GenRA uses in vitro bioactivity data in conjunction with chemical information to predict up to 574 different apical outcomes from repeat-dose toxicity studies. ...

PanCoreGen – profiling, detecting, annotating protein-coding genes in microbial genomes

Science.gov (United States)

Bhardwaj, Archana; Bag, Sumit K; Sokurenko, Evgeni V.

2015-01-01

A large amount of genomic data, especially from multiple isolates of a single species, has opened new vistas for microbial genomics analysis. Analyzing pan-genome (i.e. the sum of genetic repertoire) of microbial species is crucial in understanding the dynamics of molecular evolution, where virulence evolution is of major interest. Here we present PanCoreGen – a standalone application for pan- and core-genomic profiling of microbial protein-coding genes. PanCoreGen overcomes key limitations of the existing pan-genomic analysis tools, and develops an integrated annotation-structure for species-specific pan-genomic profile. It provides important new features for annotating draft genomes/contigs and detecting unidentified genes in annotated genomes. It also generates user-defined group-specific datasets within the pan-genome. Interestingly, analyzing an example-set of Salmonella genomes, we detect potential footprints of adaptive convergence of horizontally transferred genes in two human-restricted pathogenic serovars – Typhi and Paratyphi A. Overall, PanCoreGen represents a state-of-the-art tool for microbial phylogenomics and pathogenomics study. PMID:26456591

Polimorfismo genético relacionado con la probabilidad de desarrollar asma ocupacional en trabajadores expuestos a isocianatos

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Gaetano Pepe Betancourt

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: El desarrollo tecnológico ha traído como consecuencia el uso de sustancias químicas potencialmente perjudiciales para la salud de los trabajadores. Particularmente el uso de isocianatos ha resultado en una mayor morbilidad de patología respiratoria, especialmente el asma. Considerando que no todos los trabajadores expuestos desarrollan la enfermedad se ha propuesto un modelo de interacción gen-medioambiental, el cual trata de explicar la predisposición genética que tienen algunos individuos a desarrollar asma ocupacional y otros no. Objetivo: Conocer la evidencia científica relacionada con el polimorfismo genético y la susceptibilidad que tienen los trabajadores expuestos a isocianatos a desarrollar asma ocupacional. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática mediante una búsqueda bibliográfica utilizando las bases de datos PubMedline, así como en los repositorios Dialnet y ELSEVIER. Se extrajeron los artículos relacionados al objetivo de esta revisión, no se aplicaron filtros de temporalidad, utilizándose los siguientes descriptores: MeSH Major Topic, MeSH Terms. El periodo de búsqueda fue desde el 20 de noviembre de 2013 y finalizó el 15 de diciembre de 2013. El nivel de evidencia se estableció de acuerdo a los criterios GRADE. Resultados: Se analizaron a texto completo 42 artículos, la evidencia científica se sustentó en 11 estudios de casos-controles. Dada la complejidad del polimorfismo genético asociado con la expresión fenotípica de la enfermedad, como limitación de los estudios, los autores coinciden que el tamaño muestral no es suficientemente grande, sin embargo después de ajustar los factores de confusión los artículos encontrados tuvieron un nivel de evidencia B de GRADE. Conclusión: La genética tiene una influencia significativa en el asma ocupacional inducida por isocianatos. El peso de la susceptibilidad genética y de la interacción gen-medioambiente aún no se han

Diversidad genética de poblaciones de ajo (Allium sativum L. cultivadas en Guatemala, definida por marcadores de ADN

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Fredy Uber Rosales-Longo

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Diversidad genética de las poblaciones de ajo (Allium sativum L. cultivadas en Gua temala, definida por mar cado res de ADN. En Guatemala es escasa la in for ma ción sobre la diversidad genética de ajo. Los objetivos del estudio fueron: incidir en el mejoramiento de Allium sativum, so bre la base del conocimiento de su variabilidad genética, así mismo, establecer una colección in vi tro de la co lec ción de las poblaciones cultivadas en Guatemala. Los experimentos fueron realizados entre octubre de 2005 y marzo de 2006. La determinación de las variaciones de ADN se realizaron me dian te la téc ni ca de AFLP™. La información se analiza por medio de análisis de componentes principales, análisis de coordenadas principales y análisis de conglomerados. Mediante la inspección de los pro duc tos de AFLP™ y análi sis estadísticos, se detectó una alta variabilidad genética entre los materiales vegetales colectados. Las muestras clasificadas co mo del ti po “Chi leno”, correspondieron a los tipos “Criollo”. Nueve bien diferenciados grupos genéticos se conformaron en un dendrograma y se con fir mó que la diversidad genética descubierta es una función del lugar don de se cul ti van las po bla cio nes de ajo. Se identificó una mayor diversidad genética entre las mues tras de ajo del ti po “Crio llo” que las que se tienen en tre los ma te ria les del ti po “Chileno”, como producto de la mayor dispersión espacial de los primeros. Los materiales genéticos de ajo se encuentran actualmente preservados en un Banco de Germoplasma in vi tro en la Uni dad de Bio tec no lo gía del IC TA.

Diversidade genética de pacu utilizado em programas de repovoamento nos rios Tietê e Grande, Brasil

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Ricardo Pereira Ribeiro

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Piaractus mesopotamicus é um peixe tropical que nos últimos anos tem apresentado uma diminuição no número de populações naturais. Programas de repovoamento vêm sendo utilizados como método de conservação, entretanto, o monitoramento genético das populações e dos estoques de reprodutores é importante para conferir a viabilidade desse tipo de programas. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar de forma inédita a diversidade genética de populações selvagens (WPs e estoques de reprodutores (BSs de P. mesopotamicus utilizados em programas de repovoamento dos rios Tietê e Grande, através de marcadores microssatélite. Seis loci microssatélite foram amplificados usando DNA extraído de nadadeira caudal de 279 indivíduos adultos. Foi observada alta variabilidade genética intra-populacional, com medias de heterozigosidade observada entre 0.203 e 0.833. O número de alelos por locus foi de três (locus Pme28 e Pme32 a 13 (locus Pme4, Pme5 e Pme14 e houve diferenciação de alelos entre WPsxWPs e WPsxBSs. Essa diferenciação foi confirmada pela análise do dendrograma que mostrou a formação de três agrupamentos específicos. Observaram-se quatro alelos compartilhados entre WPs2012xBSs. Valores positivos de FIS mostraram a presença de endogamia em sete das 10 coletas realizadas nas WPs. A análise de AMOVA e do FST indicou moderada e muito alta diferenciação genética entre WPsxWPs e diferenciação genética muito alta em WPsxBSs. Esses resultados foram confirmados pelos valores de distância e identidade genética e pelo número de migrantes. Os resultados demonstraram uma adequada variabilidade genética intra-populacional, similaridade entre BSsxBSs e diferenciação genética entre WPs2011xWPs2012 e WPsxBSs. Observou-se parcialmente a presença de indivíduos oriundos do programa de repovoamento no ambiente natural.

Lamins of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and the evolution of the vertebrate lamin protein family.

Science.gov (United States)

Schilf, Paul; Peter, Annette; Hurek, Thomas; Stick, Reimer

2014-07-01

Lamin proteins are found in all metazoans. Most non-vertebrate genomes including those of the closest relatives of vertebrates, the cephalochordates and tunicates, encode only a single lamin. In teleosts and tetrapods the number of lamin genes has quadrupled. They can be divided into four sub-types, lmnb1, lmnb2, LIII, and lmna, each characterized by particular features and functional differentiations. Little is known when during vertebrate evolution these features have emerged. Lampreys belong to the Agnatha, the sister group of the Gnathostomata. They split off first within the vertebrate lineage. Analysis of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) lamin complement presented here, identified three functional lamin genes, one encoding a lamin LIII, indicating that the characteristic gene structure of this subtype had been established prior to the agnathan/gnathostome split. Two other genes encode lamins for which orthology to gnathostome lamins cannot be designated. Search for lamin gene sequences in all vertebrate taxa for which sufficient sequence data are available reveals the evolutionary time frame in which specific features of the vertebrate lamins were established. Structural features characteristic for A-type lamins are not found in the lamprey genome. In contrast, lmna genes are present in all gnathostome lineages suggesting that this gene evolved with the emergence of the gnathostomes. The analysis of lamin gene neighborhoods reveals noticeable similarities between the different vertebrate lamin genes supporting the hypothesis that they emerged due to two rounds of whole genome duplication and makes clear that an orthologous relationship between a particular vertebrate paralog and lamins outside the vertebrate lineage cannot be established. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Characterization of a novel bile alcohol sulfate released by sexually mature male sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus.

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Ke Li

Full Text Available A sulphate-conjugated bile alcohol, 3,12-diketo-4,6-petromyzonene-24-sulfate (DKPES, was identified using bioassay-guided fractionation from water conditioned with sexually mature male sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus. The structure and relative stereochemistry of DKPES was established using spectroscopic data. The electro-olfactogram (EOG response threshold of DKPES was 10(-7 Molar (M and that of 3-keto petromyzonol sulfate (3 KPZS; a known component of the male sea lamprey sex pheromone was 10(-10 M. Behavioural studies indicated that DKPES can be detected at low concentrations by attracting sexually mature females to nests when combined with 3 KPZS. Nests baited with a mixture of DKPES and 3 KPZS (ratio 1∶29.8 attracted equal numbers of sexually mature females compared to an adjacent nest baited with 3 KPZS alone. When DKPES and 3 KPZS mixtures were applied at ratios of 2∶29.8 and 10∶29.8, the proportion of sexually mature females that entered baited nests increased to 73% and 70%, respectively. None of the sexually mature females released were attracted to nests baited with DKPES alone. These results indicated that DKPES is a component of the sex pheromone released by sexually mature male sea lamprey, and is the second biologically active compound identified from this pheromone. DKPES represents the first example that a minor component of a vertebrate pheromone can be combined with a major component to elicit critical sexual behaviors. DKPES holds considerable promise for increasing the effectiveness of pheromone-baited trapping as a means of sea lamprey control in the Laurentian Great Lakes.

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de milho em diferentes condições ambientais

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RIBEIRO PEDRO HÉLIO ESTEVAM

2000-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar os fatores de adaptabilidade e estabilidade de 20 genótipos de milho (Zea mays L., divididos em quatro grupos genéticos (híbridos simples, duplos e triplos e cultivares de polinização livre, em diferentes níveis de fertilidade, épocas de semeadura e locais do Estado de Minas Gerais. Entre os genótipos avaliadas, o que apresentou maior adaptabilidade foi o híbrido triplo Hatã 3012. Observou-se que a produtividade média dos híbridos triplos foi superior à dos demais grupos. Entre os fatores ambientais estudados, verificou-se que ausência de adubação e semeaduras tardias foram os que mais contribuíram para a diminuição do índice ambiental. As diferentes metodologias usadas para estimar os parâmetros de adaptabilidade e estabilidade, apesar de apresentarem resultados semelhantes, forneceram respostas diferenciadas com relação à inclinação das retas de regressão de alguns genótipos. O nível de fertilizantes e a época de semeadura foram os dois fatores de maior influência na determinação da qualidade dos ambientes.

Complexity analysis of the Next Gen Air Traffic Management System: trajectory based operations.

Science.gov (United States)

Lyons, Rhonda

2012-01-01

According to Federal Aviation Administration traffic predictions currently our Air Traffic Management (ATM) system is operating at 150 percent capacity; forecasting that within the next two decades, the traffic with increase to a staggering 250 percent [17]. This will require a major redesign of our system. Today's ATM system is complex. It is designed to safely, economically, and efficiently provide air traffic services through the cost-effective provision of facilities and seamless services in collaboration with multiple agents however, contrary the vision, the system is loosely integrated and is suffering tremendously from antiquated equipment and saturated airways. The new Next Generation (Next Gen) ATM system is designed to transform the current system into an agile, robust and responsive set of operations that are designed to safely manage the growing needs of the projected increasingly complex, diverse set of air transportation system users and massive projected worldwide traffic rates. This new revolutionary technology-centric system is dynamically complex and is much more sophisticated than it's soon to be predecessor. ATM system failures could yield large scale catastrophic consequences as it is a safety critical system. This work will attempt to describe complexity and the complex nature of the NextGen ATM system and Trajectory Based Operational. Complex human factors interactions within Next Gen will be analyzed using a proposed dual experimental approach designed to identify hazards, gaps and elicit emergent hazards that would not be visible if conducted in isolation. Suggestions will be made along with a proposal for future human factors research in the TBO safety critical Next Gen environment.

El asesoramiento genético en los déficits visuales y auditivos

OpenAIRE

Millán, J.M.; Aller, E.; Jaijo, T.; Grau, E.; Beneyto, M.; Nájera, C.

2008-01-01

Objetivo: Las enfermedades hereditarias que afectan a la retina y la audición presentan una amplia heterogeneidad clínica y genética. Durante la pasada década se han producido importantes avances en el conocimiento de la patogenia molecular de estas enfermedades y, actualmente, más de 200 genes y loci están implicados en enfermedades de la retina y más de 60 son responsables de pérdida de audición. Método: El estudio genético molecular es crucial para confirmar el diagnóstico clínico, permite...

Description of Sharon gen. nov. for the Chilean species Asaphes amoenus Philippi, 1861 (Coleoptera: Elateridae)

OpenAIRE

Elizabeth T. Arias-Bohart; Mario Elgueta

2015-01-01

Sharon gen. nov. is here described to include Asaphes? amoenus Philippi, 1861 comb. nov. from Chile. A redescription of the species is based on the female holotype and material from different geographic locations. Candèze (1891) placed Asaphes amoenus and Parasaphes elegans in the suprageneric group Asaphites. We discuss differences between Sharon gen. nov. and Hemicrepidius Germar, 1839, where Asaphes amoenus was later placed by Blackwelder (1944). Based on morphological characters, Sharon g...

Osmanlı’da Bir Darbe ve Tahlili: Genç Osman Örneği A Coup in Ottoman Empire And Its Analysis: Genç Osman Example

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Hasan YAŞAROĞLU

2013-09-01

Full Text Available The New Order (Nizam-ı Cedit movements started in period of Selim The third (III. Selim of Otttoman sultans, is an important step taken toward westernization. Some sultans in last period of Ottoman Empire have also strived to take similar steps. There are records of initiation for reform movements even during period of Mustafa The Third (III. Mustafa, father of Selim The Third (III. Selim. When we went back to more in time, The Lale Devri (The Tulip Period emerges. The Tulip Period (Lale Devri despite the term being at the forefront of pleasure and deligth, some steps have been taken at this time in the direction of the westernization/renewal. The period of Sultan Osman The Second (II Osman forms the first steps taken toward renewal. Unfortunately, an uprising movement has ended the mentioned period above. Both this first Ottoman innovation movement and the first Ottoman insurrection that terminated the innovation are of importance in terms of being sample for the next ones. After these events, most of the reform movements, which emerged in the Ottoman Empire, have shared the same fate as Genç Osman reform movement.Upon his uncle Mustafa The First (I. Mustafa being jailed, Genç Osman (Young Othman became the Ottoman Sultan, but Othman has soon attracted the wrath of Janissaries and the Ulema due to his tough attitude. This hatred increased in time when Sultan Othman personally assumed the supreme commander in chief of army and decided to go to Mecca for pilgimage and eventually turned into a rebellion. The coup that was started under the leadership of Janissary and Sipahi units, and the rebels, strengthened the next day with the participation of scholars, relied on the Palace’s door to inform their demands. Genç Osman (Young Othman initially rejected the demands of the rebels, but he but was unable to sustain his attitude over the time. The rebels, at the end, entered the Palace, and have taken the Sultan’s uncle Mustafa The first (I

Variasi Panjang Fragmen Gen ND3 Burung Famili Ploceidae Endemik Pulau Jawa (The Length Variation of ND3Gen Fragmen of Java’s Endemic Ploceidae Family’s Birds

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Ana Fitria

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Ploceidae family’s birds in Indonesia consist of 41 species include 13 species as Java’s endemic. Some species of Ploceidae family were start to rarely oberved, because of new house developing and hunting as a pets, zoo collection and education kit. It’s need some efforts to conserve these rare species through improving the habitat, rehabilitation, nursery, controlling, law inforcement for hunters, and genetic conservation according to a knowledgement of genetic variation. The research aimed to knew the length fragmen of ND3 DNAmt Gen and genetic variation among species of Ploceidae family’s birds. 11 species were observe for morphology’s characteristic than blood sample were collected for DNA isolation with Dixit methode. ND3 gen were amplificated by DNA isolated with PCR used H11151 and L10755 primer. PCR’s gain were visualized with 2 % agarose gel. The length fragmen of ND3 DNAmt were 321bp for Bondol Jawa, 338 bp for Bondol Haji and Bondol Peking, 393 bp for Burung Gereja Erasia, 413 bp for Manyar Emas, 406 bp for Gelatik Jawa, 334 bp for Manyar Tempua and Manyar Jambul, 351 bp for Pipit Benggala, 333 bp for Bondol Hijau Binglis, 317 bp for Pipit Zebra. The conclusion of this research were : 1. the length variation of ND3 DNAmt Gen among 11 species range from 317 – 413 bp and 2. morphological variation and length variation of ND3 DNAmt Gen shows that there was genetic variation among species of Ploceidae family’s birds. Key words : Ploceidae, ND3 Gen, Java’s endemic

Prevalencia de bacterias Gram negativas portadoras del gen blaKPC en hospitales de Colombia

OpenAIRE

Robinson Pacheco; Lyda Osorio; Adriana M. Correa; Maria Virginia Villegas

2014-01-01

Introducción. Las enzimas carbapenemasas de tipo KPC tienen gran capacidad de diseminación, son causantes de epidemias y se asocian a mayor mortalidad y estancia hospitalaria. En Colombia se han venido reportando cada vez más desde 2007, pero se desconoce la prevalencia hospitalaria. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia hospitalaria del gen blaKPC. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluó la presencia del gen blaKPC y su ‘clonalidad’ en aislamientos de enterobacterias y Pseudomonas aeruginosa de p...

Transformação genética de Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench) visando tolerância ao AL³

OpenAIRE

Brandão, Rosângela Luci

2014-01-01

A transformação genética tem sido frequentemente associada a programas de melhoramento genético. Esta técnica permite a introdução de gene(s) exógeno(s) no genoma das plantas, modificando características específicas. Pode ser uma importante ferramenta de auxílio aos programas de melhoramento convencional de sorgo. Entretanto, a maioria dos protocolos de transformação genética requer o estabelecimento prévio de sistemas de regeneração de plantas in vitro. Portanto, com a finalidade de produzir...

Suscetibilidade de genótipos de feijão ao vírus-do-mosaico-dourado

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Lemos Leandro Borges

2003-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a suscetibilidade de diversos genótipos de feijão ao vírus-do-mosaico-dourado (VMDF, transmitido pela mosca branca (Bemisia tabaci. A semeadura foi realizada na época da seca e das águas, com e sem aplicação do inseticida granulado Aldicarb (3,0 kg ha-1 do i.a. no sulco de semeadura. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados disposto em esquema fatorial 14x2, representado por genótipos e inseticida, respectivamente, com quatro repetições. A maior infestação de mosca-branca e incidência do vírus ocorreu na época da seca, causando prejuízos à produção do feijoeiro. Os genótipos apresentaram diferentes graus de suscetibilidade ao vírus e ao inseto vetor. Os genótipos mais tolerantes foram IAPAR 57, IAPAR 65, IAPAR 72, Ônix, Aporé e 606 (5(214-17. A aplicação do inseticida sistêmico controla o vetor em ambas as épocas de cultivo, proporcionando aumentos da produtividade.

Genève Reconnaissante

CERN Multimedia

2001-01-01

Robert Cailliau (centre), with Geneva's Mayor Alain Vaissade (left) and Jean Erhardt, Secretary General of the Administrative Council of Geneva (right). Geneva recognised the contribution of two CERN people to the reputation of the city last Tuesday when Mayor Alain Vaissade presented the Genève Reconaissante Medal to Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau. Berners-Lee, who was not able to be present in person, invented the World Wide Web at CERN just over a decade ago, while Cailliau was his first collaborator. Quoting Cailliau, Vaissade said that whilst there is no doubt that something like the Web would have appeared sooner or later, the fact that it happened at CERN, in Geneva, was no accident. Both the Laboratory and the city are places where people from around the world meet and work in harmony.

Diversidad genética y filogenia molecular de poblaciones de Mauritia flexuosa L.f. “aguaje” de la Amazonía Peruana

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Jorge Angulo-Quintanilla

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Mauritia flexuosa es una especie vegetal amazónica que forma extensas poblaciones denominadas “aguajales”. Como los pobladores amazónicos emplean varios órganos de M. flexuosa para suplir sus necesidades y con fines comerciales, se está ejerciendo un gran impacto negativo sobre esta especie. A pesar de ello, a la fecha no se conoce la diversidad genética de esta especie en la Amazonía peruana. Consecuentemente, los planes de manejo para la especie serían limitados sin este tipo de información. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la diversidad genética y filogenia molecular de poblaciones de M. flexuosa aledañas a la carretera Iquitos-Nauta. Las hojas se colectaron en seis zonas contiguas a la carretera Iquitos–Nauta. El ADN purificado con protocolos estándares fue amplificado mediante la técnica de ADN Polimórfico Amplificado al Azar (RAPD con dos cebadores aleatorios.  En total se generaron 28 amplicones RAPD (26 polimórficos y 2 monomórficos. Dentro de los aguajales la diversidad genética fue tres veces mayor (75±19 % que la diversidad genética entre las seis poblaciones de M. flexuosa (25±19 %. La diferenciación genética entre las poblaciones varió de 0,0 a 0,6. Los aguajales que se agruparon en clados en el dendrograma por su mayor similitud genética tuvieron proximidad geográfica. La similitud genética entre las poblaciones de M. flexuosa depende de la distancia geográfica, de tal manera que las poblaciones con más similitud genética están más próximas entre sí que las que tienen menos similitud genética.

Diversidad genética y filogenia molecular de poblaciones de Mauritia flexuosa L.f. “aguaje” de la Amazonía Peruana

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Jorge Angulo Quintanilla

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Mauritia flexuosa es una especie vegetal amazónica que forma extensas poblaciones denominadas “aguajales”. Como los pobladores amazónicos emplean varios órganos de M. flexuosa para suplir sus necesidades y con fines comerciales, se está ejerciendo un gran impacto negativo sobre esta especie. A pesar de ello, a la fecha no se conoce la diversidad genética de esta especie en la Amazonía peruana. Consecuentemente, los planes de manejo para la especie serían limitados sin este tipo de información. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la diversidad genética y filogenia molecular de poblaciones de M. flexuosa aledañas a la carretera Iquitos-Nauta. Las hojas se colectaron en seis zonas contiguas a la carretera Iquitos–Nauta. El ADN purificado con protocolos estándares fue amplificado mediante la técnica de ADN Polimórfico Amplificado al Azar (RAPD con dos cebadores aleatorios.  En total se generaron 28 amplicones RAPD (26 polimórficos y 2 monomórficos. Dentro de los aguajales la diversidad genética fue tres veces mayor (75±19 % que la diversidad genética entre las seis poblaciones de M. flexuosa (25±19 %. La diferenciación genética entre las poblaciones varió de 0,0 a 0,6. Los aguajales que se agruparon en clados en el dendrograma por su mayor similitud genética tuvieron proximidad geográfica. La similitud genética entre las poblaciones de M. flexuosa depende de la distancia geográfica, de tal manera que las poblaciones con más similitud genética están más próximas entre sí que las que tienen menos similitud genética.

Optimal trading strategy for GenCo in LMP-based and bilateral ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

GenCo) in multi-market environment including day-ahead spot and long term bilateral contract markets using self-organising hierarchical particle swarm optimisation with time-varying acceleration coefficients (SPSO-TVAC). The proposed trading ...

The GenDev Curriculum Development Workshop.

Science.gov (United States)

D'cunha, J

1997-01-01

This article describes the second Curriculum Development Workshop held in May 1997 at the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) in Bangkok, Thailand. The workshop aimed to review critically and restructure the Gender and Development Studies (GenDev) curriculum and to assess AIT's role in training gender experts for the region. Participants included 22 people from 16 countries in Asia, Europe, and the US who were teaching graduate students about gender issues and who were activists with nongovernmental organizations working on gender issues. It was determined that the following were required courses: Culture, Knowledge and Gender Relations; Gender, Technology, and Development; Principles of Gender Research and Methodology in Science and Technology; and Gender Analysis and Field Methods. Other suggested core courses included: Gender and Natural Resource Management; Enterprise Management, Technology, and Gender; Gender and Agrarian Reform; Urbanization: A Gender Perspective; Gender-Responsive Development Planning; and Gender and Economic Change: Past and Present Concerns. Participants distinguished between GenDev courses offered to anyone attending AIT and training courses designed to produce gender experts in the region. The aim of training courses for AIT graduate students was to sensitize potential managers, technologists, and others on gender issues and to create awareness of the importance of including gender perspectives within decision-making, policy formation, and implementation. Training courses to produce gender experts should be directed to those with a prior background in gender studies and include gender analysis in field methods. Participants agreed that there should be an independent and autonomous field of gender and development studies. Participants made six recommendations for such a field of study.

Diversidad genética de Dioscorea trifida “sachapapa” de cinco cuencas hidrográficas de la amazonía peruana

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Jhonatan Pérez Arévalo

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Dioscorea trifida “sachapapa” es una de las especies promisorias amazónicas que podemos considerarla huérfana de la ciencia, por las escasas investigaciones que hay sobre esta especie. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la diversidad genética intra e interpoblacional de D. trifida de cinco cuencas hidrográficas de la amazonía peruana. Las hojas fueron colectadas de una colección de germoplasma y purificó el ADN con métodos estándares. El polimorfismo genético se evaluó con la técnica RAPD y los parámetros de genética poblacional fueron estimados con el programa POPGENE. Los análisis espectrofotométrico (A260/A280=1,7±0,1 y electroforético (bandas de ADN íntegras mostraron que el ADN purificado fue de alta calidad. Asimismo, la cantidad obtenida fue apropiada para estudios de diversidad genética (rendimiento promedio = 582±248 mg ADN/mg hojas. La diversidad genética intrapoblacional más alta se encontró en la cuenca del Itaya (h = 0,24±0,11 y la más baja en la cuenca del Marañón (h = 0,10±0,04. Adicionalmente, la diversidad genética interpoblacional más alta se registró entre las poblaciones de Itaya vs Ucayali (GST = 1,00, mientras que la más baja entre las poblaciones de Nanay vs Tapiche (GST = 0,07. En conclusión, D. trifida muestra variación en su diversidad genética intra e interpoblacional en las cinco cuencas hidrográficas de la amazonía peruana, siendo la cuenca del Itaya la que presenta mayor diversidad genética intrapoblacional y las poblaciones de Itaya vs Ucayali las que presentan mayor diversidad genética interpoblacional, que en parte se atribuyen al flujo de genes diferencial entre las poblaciones analizadas.

Desempenho de genótipos de bananeira na região de Jataí-GO

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Silvia Correa Santos

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento e a produção de seis genótipos de bananeira nas condições bioclimáticas do Sudoeste Goiano. O experimento foi conduzido em área experimental na Fazenda Aroeira localizada no Município de Jataí-GO, microrregião do sudoeste Goiano. Em dois ciclos de produção, foram avaliados os genótipos 'Caipira' (AAA, 'Thap Maeo' (AAB, 'FHIA-01' (AAAB, 'FHIA-21' (AAAB, 'FHIA-18' (AAAB, descritos pela Embrapa como resistentes à Sigatoka, e a 'Terra' (AAB - subgrupo Terra, cultivada tradicionalmente pelos produtores da região. O experimento foi montado num delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos (genótipos e seis repetições, em condições de sequeiro com espaçamento de 3 x 2 m. A caracterização do desenvolvimento e do rendimento dos genótipos foi realizada com as seguintes avaliações: NDPC - número de dias do plantio à colheita; MC - massa do cacho (kg; NP - número de pencas; CE - comprimento do engaço (cm; Ø - diâmetro do engaço (mm; ME - massa do engaço (kg; Ø2ªP - diâmetro do fruto da segunda penca (mm; C2ªP - comprimento do fruto da segunda penca (mm; M2ªP - massa da segunda penca (kg; N2ªP - número de frutos da segunda penca; ØPSFL - diâmetro do pseudocaule na floração (cm, NFC - número de folhas na colheita, e APF - altura da planta na floração. Observou-se um regime hídrico bem definido, com uma estação chuvosa de outubro a março e um período seco de abril a setembro. Considerando que diferentes ambientes influenciam no desempenho dos genótipos de banana e na manifestação dos caracteres, o bom desenvolvimento desses genótipos indica a adaptação às condições climáticas da região. De acordo com os dados de produção do segundo ciclo, os genótipos 'FHIA-18', 'FHIA-01' e 'FHIA-21' apresentaram características agronômicas favoráveis e podem ser indicados como alternativas de cultivo aos produtores da regi

Desempenho agronômico de genótipos de capim-braquiária em sucessão à soja

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Luís Armando Zago Machado

2011-11-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico de genótipos de capim-braquiária [Urochloa brizantha (Syn. Brachiaria brizantha] em sucessão à soja, para uso em sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária. Os genótipos Marandu, MG 4, Xaraés, Piatã, Arapoty e B 6, foram avaliados na safrinha, durante a estação seca, e a soja na safra de verão, em esquema de sucessão, de 2007 a 2010. Em cada ano, as forrageiras foram semeadas em março, avaliadas em cortes sucessivos até o final de setembro e dessecadas em outubro para a realização do plantio direto da soja em novembro. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Xaraés e B 6 estiveram entre os genótipos com maior produção de forragem. A cultivar Xaraés apresentou menores teores de proteína bruta, digestibilidade in vitro da matéria orgânica, cálcio e fósforo, embora esses teores possam ser considerados bons para o gênero, uma vez que o solo de cultivo apresentava boa fertilidade. Há variação entre os genótipos de U. brizantha quanto ao desempenho na safrinha. A cultivar Xaraés e o genótipo B 6 destacam-se para compor sistemas de produção integrados com lavoura. Os genótipos MG 4 e B6 são facilmente dessecados com o herbicida glifosato. A produtividade de grãos de soja não é significativamente afetada pelo cultivo em sucessão aos genótipos de U. brizantha.

Evaluation of Mixed-Mode Data-Link Communications for NextGen 4DT and Equivalent Visual Surface Operations

Science.gov (United States)

Prinzel, Lawrence J., III; Shelton, Kevin J.; Jones, Denise R.; Allamandola, Angela S.; Arthur, Jarvis, J., III; Bailey, Randall E.

2010-01-01

By 2025, U.S. air traffic is predicted to increase 3-fold and may strain the current air traffic management system, which may not be able to accommodate this growth. In response to this challenge, a revolutionary new concept has been proposed for U.S. aviation operations, termed the Next Generation Air Transportation System or NextGen. Many key capabilities are being identified to enable NextGen, including the use of data-link communications. Because NextGen represents a radically different approach to air traffic management and requires a dramatic shift in the tasks, roles, and responsibilities for the flight deck, there are numerous research issues and challenges that must be overcome to ensure a safe, sustainable air transportation system. Flight deck display and crew-vehicle interaction concepts are being developed that proactively investigate and overcome potential technology and safety barriers that might otherwise constrain the full realization of NextGen. The paper describes simulation research examining data-link communications during 4DT and equivalent visual surface operations.

Fuel research for subcritical and critical GEN-IV systems cooled by heavy liquid metal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sobolev, V.; Verwerft, M.

2009-01-01

The participation of the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK-CEN in the worldwide GEN-IV research can be considered as an opportunity. Today's GEN-IV research at SCK-CEN is mainly driven by the interests of the project MYRRHA (Multipurpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications). The main goal of this project is to build at SCK-CEN in Mol a new generation fast spectrum, subcritical, research and materials testing reactor MYRRHA driven by a high-energy proton accelerator. This GEN-IV MTR is cooled by heavy liquid metal (Pb-Bi) and will be used for the ADS concept demonstration, testing and qualification of new fuels, transmutation targets and innovative materials. On the European scale, MYRRHA is integrated in the Euratom FP6 Integrated Project (IP) EUROTRANS (EUROpean research programme for TRANSmutation of high level nuclear waste in an accelerator driven system), as the small-scale experimental machine for transmutation demonstration called XT-ADS. Last but not least, this experimental facility will also demonstrate the technological feasibility of the LFR (Lead-cooled Fast Reactor) GEN-IV concept; in EU the LFR design studies are performed in the framework of the Euratom FP6 ELSY (European Lead-cooled SYstem) project, where SCK-CEN is a partner. Among the research needed to ensure a safe and reliable operation of the MYRRHA/XT ADS reactor, the development and qualification of fuel and cladding materials have been recognized as one of the main key issues to be addressed

Diversidad genética de las variedades de arroz FLAR liberadas entre 2003-2014.

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Luis Eduardo Berrio-Orozco

2016-06-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la base genética, el coeficiente de parentesco y la diversidad genética de las variedades de arroz liberadas entre el 2003 - 2014 en trece países miembros del Fondo Latinoamericano para Arroz de Riego (FLAR. Para ello, se analizaron las genealogías de 51 variedades, en el Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT, Palmira, Colombia, durante los años 2014 y 2015. La variabilidad genética de las variedades estuvo representada por 120 ancestrales (2,4 ancestral/variedad; 33 de estos contribuyeron con el 83,9% de sus genes, de los cuales tres (ancestrales que originaron IR8 aportaron el 35,6% de sus genes. También se mostró que el coeficiente de parentesco (rxy entre las diferentes variedades comerciales varió de 0,03 (muy poco relacionadas, hasta 0,99 (altamente relacionadas. El promedio de todas las 51 variedades fue de (rxy 0,19. A nivel de variedades por país, se encontró que el promedio fue variable, el mínimo lo obtuvo Ecuador con 0,13, y el máximo fue de 0,31 para las variedades de Venezuela. El análisis de agrupamiento separó a los genotipos en catorce grupos distintos, donde existen materiales bastante relacionados y otros muy poco relacionados. Estos resultados muestran que se ha obtenido una ampliación de la base genética. 

Tools for Designing, Evaluating, and Certifying NextGen Technologies and Procedures: Automation Roles and Responsibilities

Science.gov (United States)

Kanki, Barbara G.

2011-01-01

Barbara Kanki from NASA Ames Research Center will discuss research that focuses on the collaborations between pilots, air traffic controllers and dispatchers that will change in NextGen systems as automation increases and roles and responsibilities change. The approach taken by this NASA Ames team is to build a collaborative systems assessment template (CSAT) based on detailed task descriptions within each system to establish a baseline of the current operations. The collaborative content and context are delineated through the review of regulatory and advisory materials, policies, procedures and documented practices as augmented by field observations and interviews. The CSAT is developed to aid the assessment of key human factors and performance tradeoffs that result from considering different collaborative arrangements under NextGen system changes. In theory, the CSAT product may be applied to any NextGen application (such as Trajectory Based Operations) with specified ground and aircraft capabilities.

Aspectos médicos, genéticos y psicosociales del síndrome Usher

OpenAIRE

Dyce Gordon, Elisa; Mapolón Arcendor, Yolanda; Santana Álvarez, Jorge

2011-01-01

Fundamento: el síndrome Usher es una enfermedad genética, que se caracteriza por hipoacusia neurosensorial progresiva bilateral congénita, pérdida de visión debida a la retinosis pigmentaria y en ocasiones presenta también trastornos vestibulares. Objetivo: describir los principales aspectos médicos, genéticos y psicosociales presentes en los pacientes con síndrome Usher. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en 14 pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome Usher atendidos en el Ce...

Melostelis gen. nov., espécies novas e notas complementares sobre Anthidiini (Hymenoptera, Apidae

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Danúncia Urban

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Melostelis gen. nov., espécies novas e notas complementares sobre Anthidiini (Hymenoptera, Apidae. Melostelis gen. nov. é proposto para um novo Anthidiini cleptoparasita. São descritas e ilustradas duas espécies novas: Melostelis amazonensis sp. nov. de Manaus, Amazonas e Larocanthidium chacoense sp. nov. de Porto Murtinho, Mato Grosso do Sul. São dados a conhecer os machos de Epanthidium bolivianum Urban, 1995 e Epanthidium araranguense Urban, 2006 e, registrados pela primeira vez no Brasil, na sub-região do chaco, Ketianthidium zanolae Urban, 2000 e Epanthidium bolivianum.

A Software-Assurance Design Approach for NextGen Enabling Technologies, Phase I

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) brings significant advancements to the current management of the National Airspace (NAS). These fundamental...

NextGen Flight Deck Data Comm : Auxiliary Synthetic Speech Phase II

Science.gov (United States)

2015-07-01

Data Comma text-based controller-pilot communication systemis expected to yield several NextGen safety and efficiency benefits. With Data Comm, communication becomes a visual task, and may potentially increase head-down time on the flight deck ...

pGenN, a Gene Normalization Tool for Plant Genes and Proteins in Scientific Literature

Science.gov (United States)

Ding, Ruoyao; Arighi, Cecilia N.; Lee, Jung-Youn; Wu, Cathy H.; Vijay-Shanker, K.

2015-01-01

Background Automatically detecting gene/protein names in the literature and connecting them to databases records, also known as gene normalization, provides a means to structure the information buried in free-text literature. Gene normalization is critical for improving the coverage of annotation in the databases, and is an essential component of many text mining systems and database curation pipelines. Methods In this manuscript, we describe a gene normalization system specifically tailored for plant species, called pGenN (pivot-based Gene Normalization). The system consists of three steps: dictionary-based gene mention detection, species assignment, and intra species normalization. We have developed new heuristics to improve each of these phases. Results We evaluated the performance of pGenN on an in-house expertly annotated corpus consisting of 104 plant relevant abstracts. Our system achieved an F-value of 88.9% (Precision 90.9% and Recall 87.2%) on this corpus, outperforming state-of-art systems presented in BioCreative III. We have processed over 440,000 plant-related Medline abstracts using pGenN. The gene normalization results are stored in a local database for direct query from the pGenN web interface (proteininformationresource.org/pgenn/). The annotated literature corpus is also publicly available through the PIR text mining portal (proteininformationresource.org/iprolink/). PMID:26258475

Diversidade genética de porta-enxertos cítricos baseada em marcadores moleculares RAPD

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Schäfer Gilmar

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a diversidade genética, através do marcador molecular RAPD, dos porta-enxertos da Coleção de Citros da Estação Experimental Agronômica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (EEA/UFRGS e acessos de porta-enxertos cítricos coletados em viveiristas da Região do Vale do Rio Caí do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Para tanto, coletaram-se folhas de nove porta-enxertos cítricos da EEA/UFRGS e de dez acessos de trifoliata (Poncirus trifoliata de viveiristas. Com o uso de nove seqüências inicializadoras, foi possível separar os porta-enxertos cítricos em dois grupos principais, um formado pelo limoeiro ?Cravo? e outro pelo trifoliata e seus híbridos, apresentando alta dissimilaridade genética entre os grupos. Marcadores moleculares RAPD foram eficientes para caracterizar variedades de porta-enxertos de citros e para separar o porta-enxerto P. trifoliata de seus híbridos podendo serem utilizados para caracterização de plantas matrizes, análise de variabilidade genética entre genitores em programas de melhoramento genético de porta-enxertos e para identificar a origem sexual ou nucelar de mudas de trifoliata em viveiros comerciais.

Desarrollo de algoritmos bioinformáticos para estudios de genómica funcional: aplicaciones en cáncer

OpenAIRE

Fontanillo Fontanillo, Celia

2014-01-01

[ES]La presente Tesis Doctoral se enmarca en las áreas de conocimiento de la Bioinformática y Biología Computacional y también de la Genómica Funcional y Genómica del Cáncer. El objetivo fundamental de la Genómica Funcional es entender cómo funciona el genoma en su conjunto mediante el análisis de la actividad de todos sus genes y de los múltiples factores que regulan o influyen la expresión de los mismos, así como otras entidades biomoleculares relacionadas. La recolección sistemática de inf...

Políticas de biocontrole genético e a contratação do trabalho no brasil

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Ana Paula Myszczuk

2017-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute a (impossibilidade jurídica de uso do biocontrole genético quando da seleção de trabalhadores no Brasil. Parte-se da problemática de que o estabelecimento de critérios sobre quem está apto ou não a se manter no trabalho exige limites legais. Para responder à problemática introduz- se uma discussão sobre sociedade de controle e uso do controle genético; são estabelecidos marcos biojurídicos e analisa-se a (impossibilidade do uso de exames genéticos no sistema jurídico trabalhista brasileiro.

Extrato aquoso de ramos de Trichilia pallida e o desenvolvimento de Spodoptera frugiperda em genótipos de milho

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Torrecillas Sônia Martins

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se o desenvolvimento e a sobrevivência da lagarta-do-cartucho, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith criada em folhas de dois genótipos de milho (o padrão comercial C 901 e o resistente CMS 23 tratados com extratos aquosos (0,1 e 1% de ramos da planta inseticida Trichilia pallida Swartz (Meliaceae. As variáveis biológicas avaliadas foram peso, duração e viabilidade das fases larval e pupal. Em plantas tratadas com o extrato a 1%, ocorreu mortalidade total das lagartas nos dois genótipos, enquanto que a 0,1% o extrato reduziu a sobrevivência e o peso larval e prolongou o período de desenvolvimento. Lagartas alimentadas com o genótipo CMS 23 apresentaram menor sobrevivência, menor peso e maior período de desenvolvimento do que no genótipo C 901.

Estructura poblacional y variabilidad genética de Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae procedente de diferentes áreas geográficas de Colombia

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Diana Carolina López

2007-01-01

Resultados. R. prolixus presenta variabilidad genética moderada (Fst 0,057-0,15, entre las poblaciones domiciliadas se encontraron tasas de migración (Nm>1 que revelan flujo genético. Se encontró diferenciación genética de moderada-alta entre la población silvestre de Casanare y las poblaciones domésticas del centro del país (Tolima y Cundinamarca. Conclusión. Las poblaciones domiciliadas de R. prolixus son homogéneas debido a que existe flujo genético entre éstas; lo cual es favorable para el control químico, mientras que la población silvestre agrupa aparte de las domiciliadas. Se evidencia la necesidad de estudiar la estructura genética de los focos silvestres, sus posibles rutas de dispersión y el riesgo epidemiológico que representan.

INTRODUKSI GEN METALLOTHIONEIN TIPE II KE DALAM RUMPUT LAUT Kappaphycus alvarezii MENGGUNAKAN Agrobacterium tumefaciens

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Ulia Fajriah

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Kappaphycus alvarezii adalah jenis alga merah yang memproduksi kappa karagenan yang sangat penting untuk industri makanan, farmasi, dan kosmetik. Untuk meningkatkan produksi, diperlukan ketersediaan bahan baku yang baik. Salah satu yang memengaruhi ketersediaan bahan baku adalah kondisi ingkungan perairan untuk budidaya. Metallothionein (MT adalah protein yang memiliki kemampuan untuk mengikat ion logam seperti Cd, Zn, dan Cu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengintroduksi gen Metallothionein Tipe II (MaMt2 ke dalam genom K. alvarezii menggunakan Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Talus rumput laut diinokulasi dengan A. tumefaciens mengandung plasmid pIG6-SMt2 yang membawa gen MaMt2, selanjutnya dilakukan seleksi bertingkat menggunakan higromisin 10 mg/L dan 20 mg/L. Hasil efisiensi transformasi yang diperoleh adalah 27,4%, efisiensi regenerasi tunas transgenik adalah 27,6%. Analisis molekuler dengan PCR menunjukkan bahwa 13 tunas transgenik mengandung gen MaMt2. Tunas transgenik putatif ditumbuhkan hingga menjadi talus baru dan dapat dilakukan uji tantang pada penelitian selanjutnya.

Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of the Cherskii’s Sculpin and Siberian Taimen Reveal GenBank Entry Errors: Incorrect Species Identification and Recombinant Mitochondrial Genome

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Evgeniy S Balakirev

2017-08-01

Full Text Available The complete mitochondrial (mt genome is sequenced in 2 individuals of the Cherskii’s sculpin Cottus czerskii . A surprisingly high level of sequence divergence (10.3% has been detected between the 2 genomes of C czerskii studied here and the GenBank mt genome of C czerskii (KJ956027. At the same time, a surprisingly low level of divergence (1.4% has been detected between the GenBank C czerskii (KJ956027 and the Amur sculpin Cottus szanaga (KX762049, KX762050. We argue that the observed discrepancies are due to incorrect taxonomic identification so that the GenBank accession number KJ956027 represents actually the mt genome of C szanaga erroneously identified as C czerskii . Our results are of consequence concerning the GenBank database quality, highlighting the potential negative consequences of entry errors, which once they are introduced tend to be propagated among databases and subsequent publications. We illustrate the premise with the data on recombinant mt genome of the Siberian taimen Hucho taimen (NCBI Reference Sequence Database NC_016426.1; GenBank accession number HQ897271.1, bearing 2 introgressed fragments (≈0.9 kb [kilobase] from 2 lenok subspecies, Brachymystax lenok and Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis , submitted to GenBank on June 12, 2011. Since the time of submission, the H taimen recombinant mt genome leading to incorrect phylogenetic inferences was propagated in multiple subsequent publications despite the fact that nonrecombinant H taimen genomes were also available (submitted to GenBank on August 2, 2014; KJ711549, KJ711550. Other examples of recombinant sequences persisting in GenBank are also considered. A GenBank Entry Error Depositary is urgently needed to monitor and avoid a progressive accumulation of wrong biological information.

Enfermedades genéticas del ADN mitocondrial humano

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Solano Abelardo

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Las enfermedades mitocondriales son un grupo de trastornos que están producidos por un fallo en el sistema de fosforilación oxidativa (sistema Oxphos, la ruta final del metabolismo energético mitocondrial, con la consiguiente deficiencia en la biosíntesis del trifosfato de adenosina (ATP, por sus siglas en inglés. Parte de los polipéptidos que componen este sistema están codificados en el ácido desoxirribonucleico (DNA mitocondrial y, en los últimos años, se han descrito mutaciones que se han asociado con síndromes clínicos bien definidos. Las características genéticas del DNA mitocondrial, herencia materna, poliplasmia y segregación mitótica, confieren a estas enfermedades propiedades muy particulares. Las manifestaciones clínicas de estas enfermedades son muy heterogéneas y afectan a distintos órganos y tejidos por lo que su correcto diagnóstico implica la obtención de datos clínicos, morfológicos, bioquímicos y genéticos. El texto completo en inglés de este artículo está disponible en: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html

Estrutura genética molecular de uma coleção de Germoplasma in vivo e ex situ de Dipteryx alata Vog.

OpenAIRE

Guimarães, Rejane Araújo

2014-01-01

Os padrões de distribuição da variabilidade genética dentro e entre subpopulações são importantes a fim de conhecer a atuação dos processos evolutivos, para a adoção de estratégias eficazes de conservação e uso de recursos genéticos vegetais. A estrutura genética populacional está relacionada com a forma como a variabilidade genética está distribuída dentro e entre as subpopulações. Os marcadores microssatélites são especialmente úteis para tais análises por serem altamente informativos. O Ba...

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of Bio-Gen with biocollagen compared with Bio-Gen with connective tissue in the treatment of class II furcation defects: a randomized clinical trial

Science.gov (United States)

JENABIAN, Niloofar; HAGHANIFAR, Sina; MABOUDI, Avideh; BIJANI, Ali

2013-01-01

Objective Treatment of furcation defects are thought to be challenging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic parameters of Bio-Gen with Biocollagen compared with Bio-Gen with connective tissue in the treatment of Class II furcation defects. Material and Methods In this clinical trial, 24 patients with Class II furcation defect on a buccal or lingual mandibular molar were recruited. After oral hygiene instruction, scaling and root planing and achievement of acceptable plaque control, the patients were randomly chosen to receive either connective tissue and Bio-Gen (case group) or Biocollagen and Bio-Gen (control group). The following parameters were recorded before the first and re-entry surgery (six months later): vertical clinical attachment level (VCAL), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), horizontal probing depth (HPD), vertical probing depth (VPD), gingival recession (GR), furcation vertical component (FVC), furcation to alveolar crest (FAC), fornix to base of defect (FBD), and furcation horizontal component (FHC) were calculated at the time of first surgery and during re-entry. A digital periapical radiograph was taken in parallel before first surgery and re-entry. The radiographs were then analyzed by digital subtraction. The differences with p value <0.05 were considered significant. Results Only the mean changes of FAC, FHC, mean of FHC, FBD in re-entry revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups. HPD, VPD, FBD, FAC, and FHC showed statistically significant differences after 6 months in the case group. However, in the control group, statistically significant differences were found in GR and HPD. We did not observe any significant difference in radiographic changes among the two groups. Conclusion The results of this trial indicate that better clinical outcomes can be obtained with connective tissue grafts in combination with bone material compared with a resorbable barrier with bone material

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of Bio-Gen with biocollagen compared with Bio-Gen with connective tissue in the treatment of class II furcation defects: a randomized clinical trial

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Niloofar Jenabian

2013-09-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Treatment of furcation defects are thought to be challenging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic parameters of Bio-Gen with Biocollagen compared with Bio-Gen with connective tissue in the treatment of Class II furcation defects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this clinical trial, 24 patients with Class II furcation defect on a buccal or lingual mandibular molar were recruited. After oral hygiene instruction, scaling and root planing and achievement of acceptable plaque control, the patients were randomly chosen to receive either connective tissue and Bio-Gen (case group or Biocollagen and Bio-Gen (control group. The following parameters were recorded before the first and re-entry surgery (six months later: vertical clinical attachment level (VCAL, gingival index (GI, plaque index (PI, horizontal probing depth (HPD, vertical probing depth (VPD, gingival recession (GR, furcation vertical component (FVC, furcation to alveolar crest (FAC, fornix to base of defect (FBD, and furcation horizontal component (FHC were calculated at the time of first surgery and during re-entry. A digital periapical radiograph was taken in parallel before first surgery and re-entry. The radiographs were then analyzed by digital subtraction. The differences with p value <0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Only the mean changes of FAC, FHC, mean of FHC, FBD in re-entry revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups. HPD, VPD, FBD, FAC, and FHC showed statistically significant differences after 6 months in the case group. However, in the control group, statistically significant differences were found in GR and HPD. We did not observe any significant difference in radiographic changes among the two groups. CONCLUSION: The results of this trial indicate that better clinical outcomes can be obtained with connective tissue grafts in combination with bone material compared with a resorbable barrier with bone

Diversidade genética de Xylella fastidiosa em regiões produtoras de citros na Bahia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vinicius Oliveira Casais

2014-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por meio de marcadores SSR, a diversidade genética de Xylella fastidiosa no Estado da Bahia. Foram estudadas duas das principais regiões produtoras de citros no Estado, o Litoral Norte e o Recôncavo Sul. Para fins comparativos, utilizaram-se dez amostras provenientes do Estado de São Paulo. Foram empregados os seguintes iniciadores: ASSR20, OSSR9, OSSR17, CSSR4, CSSR12 e CSSR20, dos quais os quatro últimos permitiram identificar 22 loci polimórficos. As populações de X. fastidiosa presentes em citros no Estado da Bahia apresentam elevada diversidade genética, com base nos marcadores SSR, com pools gênicos distintos e agrupamento geográfico. No Litoral Norte, as populações do isolado apresentam maior diversidade genética do que as da região do Recôncavo Sul da Bahia.

Surface Map Traffic Intent Displays and Net-Centric Data-link Communications for NextGen

Science.gov (United States)

Shelton, Kevin J.; Prinzel, Lawrence J., III; Jones, Denise R.; Allamandola, Angela S.; Arthur, Jarvis J., III; Bailey, Randall E.

2009-01-01

By 2025, U.S. air traffic is predicted to increase three fold and may strain the current air traffic management system, which may not be able to accommodate this growth. In response to this challenge, a revolutionary new concept has been proposed for U.S. aviation operations, termed the Next Generation Air Transportation System or "NextGen". Many key capabilities are being identified to enable NextGen, including the use of data-link communications. Because NextGen represents a radically different approach to air traffic management and requires a dramatic shift in the tasks, roles, and responsibilities for the flight deck, there are numerous research issues and challenges that must be overcome to ensure a safe, sustainable air transportation system. Flight deck display and crew-vehicle interaction concepts are being developed that proactively investigate and overcome potential technology and safety barriers that might otherwise constrain the full realization of NextGen. The paper describes simulation research, conducted at National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Langley Research Center, examining data-link communications and traffic intent data during envisioned four-dimensional trajectory (4DT)-based and equivalent visual (EV) surface operations. Overall, the results suggest that controller pilot data-link communications (CPDLC) with the use of mandatory pilot read-back of all clearances significantly enhanced situation awareness for 4DT and EV surface operations. The depiction of graphical traffic state and intent information on the surface map display further enhanced off-nominal detection and pilot qualitative reports of safety and awareness.

Indirubin, a component of Ban-Lan-Gen, activates CYP3A4 gene transcription through the human pregnane X receptor.

Science.gov (United States)

Kumagai, Takeshi; Aratsu, Yusuke; Sugawara, Ryosuke; Sasaki, Takamitsu; Miyairi, Shinichi; Nagata, Kiyoshi

2016-04-01

Ban-Lan-Gen is the common name for the dried roots of indigo plants, including Polygonum tinctorium, Isatis indigotica, Isatis tinctoria, and Strobilanthes cusia. Ban-Lan-Gen is frequently used as an anti-inflammatory and an anti-viral for the treatment of hepatitis, influenza, and various types of inflammation. One of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, CYP3A4, is responsible for the metabolism of a wide variety of xenobiotics, including an estimated 60% of all clinically used drugs. In this study, we investigated the effect of Ban-Lan-Gen on the transcriptional activation of the CYP3A4 gene. Ban-Lan-Gen extract increased CYP3A4 gene reporter activity in a dose-dependent manner. Indirubin, one of the biologically active ingredients in the Ban-Lan-Gen, also dose-dependently increased CYP3A4 gene reporter activity. Expression of short hairpin RNA for the human pregnane X receptor (hPXR-shRNA) inhibited CYP3A4 gene reporter activity, and overexpression of human PXR increased indirubin- and rifampicin-induced CYP3A4 gene reporter activity. Furthermore, indirubin induced CYP3A4 mRNA expression in HepG2 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that indirubin, a component of Ban-Lan-Gen, activated CYP3A4 gene transcription through the activation of the human PXR. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory - Contributions to ICRC 2017 Part VI: IceCube-Gen2, the Next Generation Neutrino Observatory

OpenAIRE

Collaboration, IceCube-Gen2; :; Aartsen, M. G.; Ackermann, M.; Adams, J.; Aguilar, J. A.; Ahlers, M.; Ahrens, M.; Samarai, I. Al; Altmann, D.; Andeen, K.; Anderson, T.; Ansseau, I.; Anton, G.; Argüelles, C.

2017-01-01

Papers on research & development towards IceCube-Gen2, the next generation neutrino observatory at South Pole, submitted to the 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2017, Busan, South Korea) by the IceCube-Gen2 Collaboration.

Survival and metamorphosis of low-density populations of larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) in streams following lampricide treatment

Science.gov (United States)

Johnson, Nicholas S.; Swink, William D.; Brenden, Travis O.; Slade, Jeffrey W.; Steeves, Todd B.; Fodale, Michael F.; Jones, Michael L.

2014-01-01

Sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus control in the Great Lakes primarily involves application of lampricides to streams where larval production occurs to kill larvae prior to their metamorphosing and entering the lakes as parasites (juveniles). Because lampricides are not 100% effective, larvae that survive treatment maymetamorphose before streams are again treated. Larvae that survive treatment have not beenwidely studied, so their dynamics are notwell understood.Wetagged and released larvae in six Great Lake tributaries following lampricide treatment and estimated vital demographic rates using multistate tag-recovery models. Model-averaged larval survivals ranged from 56.8 to 57.6%. Model-averaged adult recovery rates, which were the product of juvenile survivals and adult capture probabilities, ranged from 6.8 to 9.3%. Using stochastic simulations, we estimated production of juvenile sea lampreys from a hypothetical population of treatment survivors under different growth conditions based on parameter estimates from this research. For fast-growing populations, juvenile production peaked 2 years after treatment. For slow-growing populations, juvenile production was approximately one-third that of fast-growing populations,with production not peaking until 4 years after treatment. Our results suggest that dynamics (i.e., survival, metamorphosis) of residual larval populations are very similar to those of untreated larval populations. Consequently, residual populations do not necessarily warrant special consideration for the purpose of sea lamprey control and can be ranked for treatment along with other populations. Consecutive lampricide treatments, which are under evaluation by the sea lamprey control program, would bemost effective for reducing juvenile production in large, fast-growing populations.

Survival and metamorphosis of larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) residing in Lakes Michigan and Huron near river mouths

Science.gov (United States)

Johnson, Nicholas S.; Brenden, Travis O.; Swink, William D.; Lipps, Mathew A.

2016-01-01

Although population demographics of larval lampreys in streams have been studied extensively, demographics in lake environments have not. Here, we estimated survival and rates of metamorphosis for larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) populations residing in the Great Lakes near river mouths (hereafter termed lentic areas). Tagged larvae were stocked and a Bayesian multi-state tag-recovery model was used to investigate population parameters associated with tag recovery, including survival and metamorphosis probabilities. Compared to previous studies of larvae in streams, larval growth in lentic areas was substantially slower (Brody growth coefficient = 0.00132; estimate based on the recovery of six tagged larvae), survival was slightly greater (annual survival = 63%), and the length at which 50% of the larvae would be expected to metamorphose was substantially shorter (126 mm). Stochastic simulations were used to estimate the production of parasitic stage (juvenile) sea lamprey from a hypothetical population of larvae in a lentic environment. Production of juvenile sea lamprey was substantial because, even though larval growth in these environments was slow relative to stream environments, survival was high and length at metamorphosis was less. However, estimated production of juvenile sea lamprey was less for the lentic environment than for similar simulations for river environments where larvae grew faster. In circumstances where the cost to kill a larva with lampricide was equal and control funds are limited, sea lamprey control effort may be best directed toward larvae in streams with fast-growing larvae, because stream-produced larvae will most likely contribute to juvenile sea lamprey populations.

Heat and power from MicroGen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

1999-10-01

This paper reports on the design of a domestic gas-fired cogeneration system developed to replace the central heating boiler. Technical details of the MicroGen demonstration unit are given, and the use of a Linear Free Piston Stirling Engine as the prime mover, and the results of modelling studies of energy demand indicating cost savings compared to conventional boilers are discussed. The enhancement of the benefits of micro-cogeneration through use of thermal and power storage and energy demand management, and the impact of micro-cogeneration on energy use in the home are considered. The UK and European Commission's targets for increased cogeneration capacity are noted.

Gen IV. Technical and economical aspects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaluzny, Y.; Legee, F.

2010-01-01

In this presentation author deals with development of nuclear reactor type of Generation IV. He concluded that: - Nuclear energy is competitive with regards to the other generation sources; Its competitiveness also increases with CO 2 cost. Considering the nuclear cost breakdown of LWR reactors, it turns out that the uranium is currently not in the range of a threshold for FBR deployment; - The global balance of uranium supply and demand and also innovation required to fulfil GEN IV objectives would probably imply the emergence of fast reactor competitiveness after the turn of the mid-century; - We shall need fast reactors in the coming decade.

Todos iguais, todos diferentes : a variabilidade genética humana.

OpenAIRE

Lima, Manuela

2010-01-01

A secção Biologia é coordenada pelo Professor Universitário Armindo Rodrigues. O estudo da variabilidade genética humana revela informações cruciais que permitem, ao nível biomédico, avanços nos conhecimentos acerca de várias doenças.

Evolución genómica por diseño molecular de levaduras industriales

OpenAIRE

SANI, DANIELE

2013-01-01

En esta Tesis Doctoral se propone una alternativa a la coyuntura actual de rechazo social frente al uso de OMGs en la industria agroalimentaria, mediante la demostración y el desarrollo de un nuevo concepto sobre el uso de las técnicas de biología molecular en la obtención de levaduras modificadas genéticamente, el concepto de Evolución Genómica mediante Diseño Molecular. La idea básica de este nuevo concepto es simple y se basa en imitar a la propia naturaleza en su const...

Selección natural, genética cuantitativa y evolución en culebras

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier Manjarrez Silva

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Se describen los conceptos, términos y técnicas empleadas en la genética cuantitativa y la selección natural, en particular de los componentes de la varianza fenotípica y sus técnicas para reducirla. Se utiliza a las serpientes como ejemplo por las características que presentan y se justifica la aplicación de este tipo de estudios, en particular para las estimaciones de la heredabilidad de caracteres cuantitativos de las culebras, con el fin de visualizar su posible base genética e implicaciones evolutivas.

Autosomal SNP typing of forensic samples with the GenPlex(TM) HID System: Results of a collaborative study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tomas, C.; Axler-DiPerte, G.; Budimlija, Z.M.

2011-01-01

in Europe and 5 in the US) in order to test the robustness and reliability of the GenPlex(TM) HID System on forensic samples. Three samples with partly degraded DNA and 10 samples with low amounts of DNA were analyzed in duplicates using various amounts of DNA. In order to compare the performance of the Gen......Plex(TM) HID System with the most commonly used STR kits, 500 pg of partly degraded DNA from three samples was typed by the laboratories using one or more STR kits. The median SNP typing success rate was 92.3% with 500 pg of partly degraded DNA. Three of the fourteen laboratories counted for more than two...... was the least successful. With the exception of the MiniFiler(TM) kit (AB), GenPlex(TM) HID performed better than five other tested STR kits. When partly degraded DNA was analyzed, GenPlex(TM) HID showed a very low mean mach probability, while all STR kits except MiniFiler(TM) had very limited discriminatory...

Identifikasi Gen Transgenik pada Produk Susu Bubuk Kedelai dan Susu Formula Soya dengan Metode PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agustin Krisna Wardani

2018-01-01

  Kebutuhan kedelai yang mencapai 2,2 juta ton/tahun memaksa Indonesia mengimpor sebanyak 1,62 juta ton. Sebagian besar kedelai impor berupa kedelai transgenik. Dengan munculnya kedelai transgenik di Indonesia, perlu adanya pelabelan Produk Rekayasa Genetika (PRG untuk memenuhi hak-hak konsumen. Teknik yang dilakukan untuk mendeteksi PRG salah satunya menggunakan metode PCR. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya gen transgenik pada produk susu bubuk kedelai dan formula soya, sehingga produk dapat digolongkan sebagai PRG atau tidak. Selain itu juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui suhu annealing optimum pada primer yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan suhu annealing optimum primer CaMV 35S promotor adalah 60oC. Sedangkan untuk primer gen EPSPS-CP4 suhu annealing optimumnya 59oC. Untuk primer NOS terminator suhu annealing optimum tidak ditemukan. Dari amplifikasi DNA sampel, 6 sampel susu bubuk kedelai dan 5 sampel formula soya terdapat sisipan gen EPSPS-CP4 dan gen Promotor CaMV 35S. Dengan demikian 11 sampel tersebut dapat dikatakan sebagai PRG.   Kata kunci: Produk rekayasa genetika; PCR; formula soya; susu kedelai bubuk; kedelai transgenik

Status of the Polyhedral Mesh Generator using SALOME PLATFORM and TetGen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Sang Yong; Park, Chan Eok; Kim, Shin Whan

2014-01-01

Recently developed porous body approach codes such as SPACE and CUPID require a CAD system to estimate the porosity. Since they use the unstructured mesh and they also require reliable mesh generation system. The combination of CAD system and mesh generation system is necessary to cope with a large number of cells and the complex fluid system with structural materials inside. In the past, a CAD system Pro/Engineer and mesh generator Pointwise were evaluated for this application. But, the cost of those commercial CAD and mesh generator is sometimes a great burden. Therefore, efforts have been made to set up a mesh generation system with open source programs. The evaluation of the TetGen has been made in focusing the application for the polyhedral mesh generation. In this paper, SALOME will be described for the efforts to combine TetGen with it. In section 2, brief introduction will be made on the CAD and mesh generation capability of SALOME and Tetgen. SALOME and TetGen codes are being integrated to construct robust polyhedral mesh generator. Procedures to merge boundary faces and to cut concave cells are developed to remove concave cells to get final convex polyhedral mesh. Treating the internal boundary face, i.e. non-manifold face will be the next task in the future investigation

Variabilidade genética de Genipa americana L. pertencente ao baixo curso do rio São Francisco

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Allívia Rouse Carregosa Rabbani

2012-06-01

Full Text Available A utilização de marcadores genéticos em estudos de caracterização de ecossistemas florestais permite avanços no entendimento genético das populações naturais, bem como auxilia na definição de estratégias de recuperação ou restauração florestal. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a diversidade genética entre 18 indivíduos de Jenipapo (Genipa americana L. procedentes da região do Baixo São Francisco sergipano por meio de marcadores RAPD. Para a amplificação do material genético foram utilizados 12 oligonucleotídeos para análise da diversidade. Pelo índice de Jaccard, a similaridade genética média (Sgm entre os indivíduos foi de 60,4% sendo que, a maior obtida foi identificada entre os indivíduos G11 e G12 (83,6%±0,03 e a menor entre os indivíduos G4 e G18 (36,5%, ±0,02. Com base na Sgm (78,4%, sete pares indivíduos foram considerados geneticamente semelhantes. A partir destas análises, os indivíduos podem ser utilizados como matrizes fornecedoras de sementes em combinação com outros indivíduos em programas de restauração de áreas degradadas, porém devem compor áreas distantes.

Justicia en salud y genética

OpenAIRE

Maria Graciela De Ortuzar

2014-01-01

Las expectativas puestas en el conocimiento genético exceden el ámbito de la medicina tradiciona, debido a que la intervención directa en la lotería natural demandaría el replanteamiento de conceptos centrales de justicia en salud: necesidades médicas, enfermedad, normalidad, e igualdad de oportunidades en el acceso a la salud. El punto en debate es sí el replanteo de dichos conceptos conlleva un cambio radical en las teorías de justicia (libertariana y/o liberal), mostrando su obsolescencia,...

Generic drugs in Brazil: known by many, used by few Medicamentos genéricos no Brasil: conhecidos por muitos, usados por poucos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andréa D. Bertoldi

2005-12-01

Full Text Available This study evaluated knowledge and use of generic drugs in a population-based sample of adults from a southern Brazilian city. The outcomes were: the proportion of generics in total medicines used; theoretical and practical knowledge about generics; and strategies used to buy medicines on medical prescriptions. The recall period for drug utilization was 15 days. The proportion of generics in total medicines was 3.9%. While 86.0% knew that generics cost less and 70.0% that the quality is similar to brand name medicines, only 57.0% knew any packaging characteristics that distinguish generics from other medicines. The highest proportion of generic drug utilization was in the antimicrobial pharmacological group. A brand name medicine (with a brand similar to the generic name was mistakenly classified as a generic through photos by 48.0% of the interviewees. Among subjects who bought medicines in the 15-day period, 18.9% reported buying a generic, but this result should be interpreted with caution, because the population frequently fails to differentiate between generics and other medicines.Este estudo avaliou o conhecimento e utilização de medicamentos genéricos em uma amostra populacional de adultos de uma cidade no sul do Brasil. Os desfechos foram: proporção de genéricos sobre o total de medicamentos usados; conhecimento teórico e prático sobre medicamentos genéricos; estratégias usadas para compra de medicamentos com prescrição médica. O período recordatório para uso de medicamentos foi de 15 dias. A proporção de genéricos no total de medicamentos foi de 3,9%. Enquanto 86,0% sabiam que o preço dos genéricos era menor e 70,0% que a qualidade era equivalente aos medicamentos de marca, apenas 57,0% conheciam alguma característica da embalagem que diferencia os genéricos de outros medicamentos. A maior proporção de uso de genéricos foi encontrada no grupo farmacológico dos antimicrobianos. Um medicamento de marca (com nome

Doenças hereditárias, aconselhamento genético e redes familiares e sociais: da ética intergeracional ao papel dos mais velhos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Álvaro Mendes

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Este artigo de revisão da literatura centra tópicos relevantes na investigação e intervenção em redes familiares e sociais no âmbito do aconselhamento genético. Foca o papel dos familiares mais idosos na gestão psicossocial do risco genético a doenças hereditárias (particularmente, cancros hereditários e suas implicações no aconselhamento genético, nomeadamente apoio social e comunicação intrafamiliar sobre o risco genético.

Allocation of Laophonte trispinosa Sewell to Xanthilaophonte gen. nov. and the description of X. carcinicola spec. nov. (Harpacticoida: Laophontidae)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Fiers, F.

1991-01-01

Laophonte trispinosa Sewell is reported here from various localities in the Indian and the West Pacific Ocean, and is allocated to the herein erected genus Xanthilaophonte gen. nov. A second species, X. carcinicola spec. nov. is described from Indon »sia. The genus Xanthilaophonte gen. nov. is most

Alteraciones genéticas cutáneas diagnosticadas en la infancia, Las Tunas 2010-2012

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yordania Velázquez Ávila

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Las enfermedades genéticas y los defectos genéticos con afectación cutánea son causa frecuente de estigmatización de las personas que las padecen, afectando su adecuada inserción en la sociedad y con ello su calidad de vida. Se estableció una consulta especializada y multidisplinaria en el hospital pediátrico provincial “Mártires de Las Tunas”, fundamentalmente con especialistas de dermatología, genética y pediatría. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo, en el período del año 2010 al 2012, para caracterizar a estos pacientes. Las variables estudiadas relacionadas fueron el sexo, la edad biológica al diagnóstico, el municipio de procedencia y la mortalidad. Los resultados se expusieron en tablas de contingencia de N x N. Existió predominio de las genodermatosis, seguido de los defectos congénitos y pocas enfermedades genéticas con afectación cutánea, siendo estas últimas responsables de la mayoría de las muertes. Las genodermatosis más representadas fueron la ictiosis, las mastocitosis y las neurofibromatosis, la edad más frecuente al diagnóstico fue el grupo de los menores de dos años; prevaleció el sexo femenino. La mortalidad fue baja y los municipios más afectados por genodermatosis fueron Las Tunas, Majibacoa y Colombia

Simulation of an extended surface detector IceVeto for IceCube-Gen2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hansmann, Tim; Auffenberg, Jan; Haack, Christian; Hansmann, Bengt; Kemp, Julian; Konietz, Richard; Leuner, Jakob; Raedel, Leif; Stahlberg, Martin; Schoenen, Sebastian; Wiebusch, Christopher [III. Physikalisches Institut B, RWTH Aachen University (Germany); Collaboration: IceCube-Collaboration

2016-07-01

IceCube is a neutrino observatory located at the geographic South Pole. The main backgrounds for IceCube's primary goal, the measurement of astrophysical neutrinos, are muons and neutrinos from cosmic-ray air showers in the Earth's atmosphere. Strong supression of these backgrounds from the Southern hemisphere has been demonstrated by coincident detection of these air showers with the IceTop surface detector. For an extended instrument, IceCube-Gen2, it is considered to build an enlarged surface array, IceVeto, that will improve the detection capabilities of coincident air showers. We will present simulation studies to estimate the IceVeto capabilities to optimize the IceCube-Gen2 design.

Variabilidad genética de poblaciones en cautiverio de Crocodylus moreletii (Crocodylia: Crocodylidae mediante el uso de marcadores microsatelitales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Serna-Lagunes

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Crocodylus moreletii representa un emblema para los ecosistemas tropicales de México pero actualmente está amenazada por extinción. Sorprendentemente, hay una falta de información de su constitución genética, que debe ser evaluada para un manejo apropiado ex situ y para toma de decisiones en la liberación de cocodrilos a su hábitat natural. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar y comparar la variabilidad genética de cuatro grupos poblacionales de C. moreletii (dos silvestres y dos nacidas ex situ. Mediante PCR se amplificaron siete loci de microsatélites polimórficos, sin embargo se encontró déficit de heterocigotos en las poblaciones (promedio H O=0.02 mermado por la presencia de alelos nulos. El AMOVA indicó que la mayor proporción de variabilidad genética se encuentra dentro de las poblaciones y una limitada diferenciación genética entre poblaciones (promedio F ST =0.03, probablemente debida al alto índice de endogamia (promedio F IS=0.97. Al comparar la variabilidad genética inter e intra especies de cocodrilianos, encontramos que en C. moreletii está muy por debajo de los reportados. Se concluye que la limitada variabilidad genética de las poblaciones nacidas ex situ probablemente se debe al efecto fundador derivado de la estructura social de sus progenitores, y de las poblaciones silvestres, por el efecto cuello de botella, inferido por el limitado tamaño efectivo de población que presentó históricamente en su distribución natural.

Thermal stability study for candidate stainless steels of GEN IV reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simeg Veternikova, J.; Degmova, J.; Pekarcikova, M.; Simko, F.; Petriska, M.; Skarba, M.; Mikula, P.; Pupala, M.

2016-01-01

Highlights: • Thermal resistance of advanced stainless steels were observed at 1000 °C. • GEN IV candidate steels were confronted to classic AISI steels. • ODS AISI 316 has weaker thermal resistance than classic AISI steel. • Ferritic ODS steels and NF 709 has better thermal resistance than AISI steels. - Abstract: Candidate stainless steels for GEN IV reactors were investigated in term of thermal and corrosion stability at high temperatures. New austenitic steel (NF 709), austenitic ODS steel (ODS 316) and two ferritic ODS steels (MA 956 and MA 957) were exposed to around 1000 °C in inert argon atmosphere at pressure of ∼8 MPa. The steels were further studied in a light of vacancy defects presence by positron annihilation spectroscopy and their thermal resistance was confronted to classic AISI steels. The thermal strain supported a creation of oxide layers observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Thermal stability study for candidate stainless steels of GEN IV reactors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Simeg Veternikova, J., E-mail: jana.veternikova@stuba.sk [Institute of Nuclear and Physical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovicova 3, 812 19 Bratislava (Slovakia); Degmova, J. [Institute of Nuclear and Physical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovicova 3, 812 19 Bratislava (Slovakia); Pekarcikova, M. [Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Paulinska 16, 917 24 Trnava (Slovakia); Simko, F. [Department of Molten Salts, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 36 Bratislava (Slovakia); Petriska, M. [Institute of Nuclear and Physical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovicova 3, 812 19 Bratislava (Slovakia); Skarba, M. [Slovak University of Technology, Vazovova 5, 812 43 Bratislava (Slovakia); Mikula, P. [Institute of Nuclear and Physical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovicova 3, 812 19 Bratislava (Slovakia); Pupala, M. [Department of Molten Salts, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 36 Bratislava (Slovakia)

2016-11-30

Highlights: • Thermal resistance of advanced stainless steels were observed at 1000 °C. • GEN IV candidate steels were confronted to classic AISI steels. • ODS AISI 316 has weaker thermal resistance than classic AISI steel. • Ferritic ODS steels and NF 709 has better thermal resistance than AISI steels. - Abstract: Candidate stainless steels for GEN IV reactors were investigated in term of thermal and corrosion stability at high temperatures. New austenitic steel (NF 709), austenitic ODS steel (ODS 316) and two ferritic ODS steels (MA 956 and MA 957) were exposed to around 1000 °C in inert argon atmosphere at pressure of ∼8 MPa. The steels were further studied in a light of vacancy defects presence by positron annihilation spectroscopy and their thermal resistance was confronted to classic AISI steels. The thermal strain supported a creation of oxide layers observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Generating randomised virtualised scenarios for ethical hacking and computer security education: SecGen implementation and deployment

OpenAIRE

Schreuders, ZC; Ardern, L

2015-01-01

Computer security students benefit from having hands-on experience with hacking tools and with access to vulnerable systems that they can attack and defend. However, vulnerable VMs are static; once they have been exploited by a student there is no repeatable challenge as the vulnerable boxes never change. A new novel solution, SecGen, has been created and deployed. SecGen solves the issue by creating vulnerable machines with randomised vulnerabilities and services, with constraints that ensur...

Fachsprachlichkeit und Verständlichkeit in deutschen Verträgen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Larsen, Aase Voldgaard

2010-01-01

In diesem Beitrag wird die Fachsprachlichkeit und Verständlichkeit in deutschen Verträgen thematisiert. Der Beitrag basiert auf einer Untersuchung, die im Rahmen meiner Dissertation durchgeführt wurde. Sie trägt den Titel „Faglighed og forståelighed i kontrakter. En undersøgelse af sproglige fors...

Efeito genético, ambiental e interação genótipos x ambientes na qualidade comercial e produtividade de grãos em feijoeiro-comum

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Helton Santos Pereira

2017-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar o efeito ambiental e da interação genótipos × ambientes para produtividade e qualidade comercial de grãos na indicação de novas cultivares de feijoeiro-comum para as Regiões Centro Sul e Central do Brasil, identificando linhagens que reúnam alta adaptabilidade/estabilidade para produtividade, rendimento de peneira e massa de 100 grãos. Foram realizados 62 ensaios em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, em diferentes épocas de semeadura, nas Regiões Centro Sul (RS, SC, PR, SP e MS e Central (GO e DF, nos anos de 2009 e 2010. Os ensaios foram compostos por 16 linhagens de grãos carioca e foram obtidos dados de produtividade, rendimento de peneira e massa de 100 grãos. Os dados foram submetidos a análises de variância individuais e conjuntas e a análises de adaptabilidade e estabilidade pela metodologia de Annichiaricco. Existe variação genética entre as linhagens para os três caracteres. As estimativas do coeficiente de determinação mostraram que o efeito de genótipos é mais importante para a qualidade comercial do que para produtividade de grãos e que o efeito ambiental é igualmente importante para os três caracteres, indicando que a avaliação deve ser realizada no maior número possível de ambientes. As linhagens superiores para produtividade nas Regiões Central (CNFC 11954 e CNFC 11959 e Centro-Sul (CNFC 11948 do Brasil são diferentes, indicando a importância da interação genótipos x ambientes para essa característica. Entretanto, as duas melhores linhagens na Região Central apresentaram baixa qualidade comercial dos grãos. Assim, a linhagem CNFC 11948 será indicada como nova cultivar de ampla adaptação, pois reúne ótima qualidade comercial de grãos, maior produtividade média e estabilidade na Região Centro-Sul e produtividade e estabilidade superiores as principais testemunhas na Região Central.

Desempenho de genótipos de aveia branca em resposta ao estresse por alumínio

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Solange Ferreira da Silveira Silveira

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A aveia branca (Avena sativa L. é uma cultura que tem um papel importante no sistema de produção de grãos e integração lavoura-pecuária, no entanto, em algumas regiões brasileiras, o pleno estabelecimento e desenvolvimento dessa cultura, bem como o aumento de produtividade são inviabilizados pelo excesso de alumínio (Al nos solos. A avaliação de caracteres de plântulas de aveia desenvolvidas sob cultivo hidropônico com adoção de solução nutritiva mínima pode ser eficiente para classificar genótipos sensíveis e tolerantes ao Al. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o desempenho de 10 genótipos de aveia submetidos ao estresse por Al, baseando-se na análise da retomada do crescimento da raiz, com uso de solução mínima e identificando quais caracteres se mantêm correlacionados. Foram adotadas diferentes doses de Al (0, 3, 6, e 9 mg L-1 de Al. Com uso de solução mínima, a dose de 6 mg L-1 de Al é a mais adequada na diferenciação de genótipos sensíveis e tolerantes. Dentre os genótipos estudados, UFRGS 14, UFRGS 19 e URS Guapa são os mais tolerantes e UPFA 20, UPF 18 e IAC 7, os mais sensíveis ao Al. Com o objetivo de classificar genótipos de aveia entre sensíveis e tolerantes ao Al, nenhuma outra variável pode ser utilizada em substituição à retomada do crescimento da raiz.

Divergência genética de milho transgênico em relação à produtividade de grãos e à qualidade nutricional

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Bruna Mendonça Alves

2015-05-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a divergência genética entre genótipos de milho transgênico, em relação à produtividade de grãos e à qualidade nutricional. O experimento foi conduzido na safra 2009/2010, em Santa Maria, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no delineamento blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Foram avaliados 18 genótipos e mensuradas as seguintes variáveis após a colheita: produtividade de grãos, proteína bruta, lisina, metionina, cisteina, treonina, triptofano, valina, isoleucina, leucina, fenilalanina, histidina, arginina, extrato etéreo, amido e amilose. Para cada variável, foi realizada a análise de variância e comparadas as médias por meio do teste de Scott-Knott. Foi determinada a matriz de coeficientes de correlação genotípica e realizado o diagnóstico de multicolinearidade. Foi determinada a matriz de dissimilaridade entre os genótipos por meio da distância generalizada de Mahalanobis, realizado o agrupamento dos genótipos por meio do método UPGMA e validado o agrupamento por meio do coeficiente de correlação cofenética. Foram comparadas as médias dos grupos por meio do teste t para amostras independentes. Há divergência genética entre os genótipos de milho transgênico. As variáveis amilose, extrato etéreo e cisteina foram, nessa ordem, as que mais contribuíram para a divergência genética. Com base na produtividade de grãos, proteína bruta, lisina, cisteina, triptofano, extrato etéreo e amilose, há quatro grupos de genótipos de milho transgênico

La genética humana en Costa Rica situación actual y sus perspectivas

OpenAIRE

Barrantes Mesén, Ramiro

1985-01-01

Artículo científico -- Universidad de Costa Rica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud, 1985 Se analiza la situación de la genética humana en Costa Rica mediante un estudio de la literatura científica publicada entre 1964 y 1984. Se muestra que a partir de 1976 se ha incrementado el número de publicaciones en este campo, destacando las investigaciones sobre hemoglobinas anormales, la estructura genética de varias poblaciones y la caracterización de algunas enfermedades hereditarias. Se co...

Medicina Genómica Aspectos éticos, legales y sociales del Genoma Humano

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Rodolfo E. Ávila

2011-01-01

Full Text Available La Medicina Genómica es el uso de la inf ormación de los genomas y sus deriv ados (ARN, proteínas y met abolitos que permite guiar la toma de decisiones médicas, es un c omponente clave de la medicina personalizada. La Medicina Genómica permite conocer la cartografía del genoma hum ano y proporciona una valiosa información a tener en cuenta a la hora de detect ar genes implicados en ciert as enfermedades. Esto conlleva a que en la actualidad nos centremos más en la predicción de patologías que en l a prevención, por lo que la tendencia es que en el futuro la Medicina Genómica acabe desbancando a la Medicina P reventiva. El Proyecto Genoma Humano presenta diversas aplicaciones que, al no tener una clara cobert ura legal, traen consigo un nuevo paradigma con problemas éticos, sociales y legales que la comunidad científica trat a de resolver para compaginar los aspectos morales con el progreso en la investigación. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir brevemente los aspectos éticos, legales y sociales del Genoma Humano.

Les bibliothèques à Genève essai de chronologie : 1478-2013

CERN Document Server

Jacquesson, Alain

2014-01-01

Genève a toujours bénéficié, dans les bibliothèques publiques comme dans les fonds privés, de collections imprimées abondantes et remarquables. Le botaniste, historien des sciences et précurseur de la scientométrie Alphonse de Candolle, écrit en 1873 que « les cantons suisses de Genève, Vaud et Neuchâtel achètent plus de livres et de journaux sur les sciences que les populations vingt fois plus nombreuses des pays adjacents ». La vie intellectuelle du 21e siècle est évidemment différente, mais la qualité et la quantité des publications conservées à Genève restent toujours impressionnantes. Les quelques tableaux figurant en fin de cet ouvrage, inédits jusqu’ici, devraient stimuler toute personne intéressée par cet aspect de la culture. En effet, notre cité possède plus de 10 millions de documents imprimés. Il s’agit là d’une richesse remarquable. Ces collections couvrent une très grande partie du savoir humain et s’étendent des origines de l’imprimerie jusqu’aux publ...

75 FR 1052 - Terra-Gen Dixie Valley, LLC; TGP Dixie Development Company, LLC; New York Canyon, LLC; Notice of...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-08

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. EL10-29-000] Terra-Gen Dixie Valley, LLC; TGP Dixie Development Company, LLC; New York Canyon, LLC; Notice of Filing December 30, 2009. Take notice that on December 24, 2009, Terra-Gen Dixie Valley, LLC, TGP Dixie Development Company, LLC...

Enfermagem e genética: uma crítica feminista rumo ao trabalho em equipes transdisciplinares

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gwen Anderson

2006-05-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-026X2006000200006 A informação genética e as tecnologias são cada vez mais importantes no cuidado em saúde, não somente nos países desenvolvidos, mas no mundo todo. Vários fatores globais prometem aumentar a futura demanda para pesquisa e serviços de saúde em genética moralmente conscientes. Embora os enfermeiros sejam o maior grupo profissional, prestando cuidado de saúde no mundo todo, eles não tomaram a liderança rumo a esse desafio. Insights, a partir da análise feminista, ajudam a esclarecer algumas das relações sociais e dos obstáculos culturais que têm impedido a integração da tecnologia genética na área da enfermagem. Um modelo alternativo é sugerido – o modelo transdisciplinar –, o qual foi desenvolvido inicialmente por uma enfermeira e introduzido, na década de 1970, na prestação do cuidado em saúde e no serviço social para crianças com déficit de desenvolvimento. Esse modelo holístico permite que todo profissional de saúde tenha a mesma voz ao determinar como o cuidado de saúde em genética será globalizado.

Protein (Cyanobacteria): 470019 [PGDBj - Ortholog DB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available hypothetical protein Pro1185 Prochlorococcus marinus subsp. marinus str. CCMP1375 MLNGLNLCTLLEKYCYSKKISDKEVEFLERCWLDSLNSLHYNRYPGIAPAIVCDEAGVARGSYWISCNAAILDKLKPLGTTRSRSARIFDVLFQSGLIAA ...

GenClust: A genetic algorithm for clustering gene expression data

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Raimondi Alessandra

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Clustering is a key step in the analysis of gene expression data, and in fact, many classical clustering algorithms are used, or more innovative ones have been designed and validated for the task. Despite the widespread use of artificial intelligence techniques in bioinformatics and, more generally, data analysis, there are very few clustering algorithms based on the genetic paradigm, yet that paradigm has great potential in finding good heuristic solutions to a difficult optimization problem such as clustering. Results GenClust is a new genetic algorithm for clustering gene expression data. It has two key features: (a a novel coding of the search space that is simple, compact and easy to update; (b it can be used naturally in conjunction with data driven internal validation methods. We have experimented with the FOM methodology, specifically conceived for validating clusters of gene expression data. The validity of GenClust has been assessed experimentally on real data sets, both with the use of validation measures and in comparison with other algorithms, i.e., Average Link, Cast, Click and K-means. Conclusion Experiments show that none of the algorithms we have used is markedly superior to the others across data sets and validation measures; i.e., in many cases the observed differences between the worst and best performing algorithm may be statistically insignificant and they could be considered equivalent. However, there are cases in which an algorithm may be better than others and therefore worthwhile. In particular, experiments for GenClust show that, although simple in its data representation, it converges very rapidly to a local optimum and that its ability to identify meaningful clusters is comparable, and sometimes superior, to that of more sophisticated algorithms. In addition, it is well suited for use in conjunction with data driven internal validation measures and, in particular, the FOM methodology.

A New Parent Generation: Meet Mr. and Mrs. Gen X

Science.gov (United States)

Howe, Neil

2010-01-01

Slowly but surely, Generation Xers have been taking over from Baby Boomers as the majority of parents in elementary and secondary education. Gen-X parents and Boomer parents belong to two neighboring generations, each possessing its own location in history and its own peer personality. They are similar in some respects, but clearly different in…

Using the kaleidoscope career model to examine generational differences in work attitudes between Gen X and Gen Y– within Malaysia Perspective

OpenAIRE

Koay, Chee Hua Alwyn

2016-01-01

Generation Y (also known as Yers) has started to take a prominent position in today’s workforce. With this new position comes a new territory of research. The research about this generation has increased over the past years, with most of this research focusing on characteristics of GenY (Sheahan (2005), Martin (2005), Armour (2005)) and the differences between generations (Smola and Sutton (2002), Cennamo and Gardner (2008)). Noticeably, there has been many literature and news (Hoi J., 2013) ...

The Plant Genome Integrative Explorer Resource: PlantGenIE.org.

Science.gov (United States)

Sundell, David; Mannapperuma, Chanaka; Netotea, Sergiu; Delhomme, Nicolas; Lin, Yao-Cheng; Sjödin, Andreas; Van de Peer, Yves; Jansson, Stefan; Hvidsten, Torgeir R; Street, Nathaniel R

2015-12-01

Accessing and exploring large-scale genomics data sets remains a significant challenge to researchers without specialist bioinformatics training. We present the integrated PlantGenIE.org platform for exploration of Populus, conifer and Arabidopsis genomics data, which includes expression networks and associated visualization tools. Standard features of a model organism database are provided, including genome browsers, gene list annotation, Blast homology searches and gene information pages. Community annotation updating is supported via integration of WebApollo. We have produced an RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) expression atlas for Populus tremula and have integrated these data within the expression tools. An updated version of the ComPlEx resource for performing comparative plant expression analyses of gene coexpression network conservation between species has also been integrated. The PlantGenIE.org platform provides intuitive access to large-scale and genome-wide genomics data from model forest tree species, facilitating both community contributions to annotation improvement and tools supporting use of the included data resources to inform biological insight. © 2015 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2015 New Phytologist Trust.

GenPlay Multi-Genome, a tool to compare and analyze multiple human genomes in a graphical interface.

Science.gov (United States)

Lajugie, Julien; Fourel, Nicolas; Bouhassira, Eric E

2015-01-01

Parallel visualization of multiple individual human genomes is a complex endeavor that is rapidly gaining importance with the increasing number of personal, phased and cancer genomes that are being generated. It requires the display of variants such as SNPs, indels and structural variants that are unique to specific genomes and the introduction of multiple overlapping gaps in the reference sequence. Here, we describe GenPlay Multi-Genome, an application specifically written to visualize and analyze multiple human genomes in parallel. GenPlay Multi-Genome is ideally suited for the comparison of allele-specific expression and functional genomic data obtained from multiple phased genomes in a graphical interface with access to multiple-track operation. It also allows the analysis of data that have been aligned to custom genomes rather than to a standard reference and can be used as a variant calling format file browser and as a tool to compare different genome assembly, such as hg19 and hg38. GenPlay is available under the GNU public license (GPL-3) from http://genplay.einstein.yu.edu. The source code is available at https://github.com/JulienLajugie/GenPlay. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Equivalência farmacêutica e estudo comparativo dos perfis de dissolução de medicamentos genéricos contendo paracetamol

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Thiele Faccim de Brum

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal comparar, através do estudo de equivalência farmacêutica e do perfil de dissolução in vitro, oito medicamentos genéricos contendo paracetamol 750 mg, comercializados na região central do Rio Grande do Sul. As análises foram realizadas em conformidade com a monografia do paracetamol comprimidos, descrita na Farmacopeia Brasileira (2010. Os genéricos A, B, D, E, F, G e H são equivalentes farmacêuticos do medicamento referência, pois foram aprovados em todos os testes a que foram submetidos. O Genérico C, no entanto, foi reprovado no doseamento. Quando avaliados em relação ao perfil de dissolução, pelos critérios descritos na RDC 31/2010, somente o genérico E não possui o mesmo perfil de dissolução que o medicamento referência, porém quando comparados pela eficiência de dissolução (ED podemos verificar que somente os Genéricos G, H, F e A possuem a mesma ED que o medicamento referência.

POTENSI GEN dtx DAN dtxR SEBAGAI MARKER UNTUK DETEKSI DAN PEMERIKSAAN TOKSIGENISITAS Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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Sunarno Sunarno

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract.   Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the causative agent of diphtheria. The main virulence determinant of the bacteria is diphtheria toxin, the cause of the systemic complication seen with diphtheria. Production of diphtheria toxin by toxigenic strain encoded by dtx/tox gene and repressed by dtxR gene. Gold standard for bacterial toxigenicity test carried out by conventional methods (Elek test, Guinea pig and vero cell cytotoxicity. However, Elek test have variety result, time consume and problem of the reagent availability. On the other hand, the animal (Guinea pig testing was opposed by many animal lovers and the vero cell cytotoxicity test require high cost. The study purposed to evaluate the using of dtx and dtxR genes as a detection marker of C.diphtheriae and bacterial toxigenicity test simultaneusly by Multiplex PCR. The study examined 44 bacterial and fungal isolates, included 22 C.diphtheriae (4 reference strains and 18 clinical isolates, 5 other specieses of Corynebacterium  (reference strains and 17 non-Corynebacterium (10 reference strains and 7 stock cultures . All of sample were examined by Multiplex PCR for 2 primer pairs targeted dtx and dtxR genes. The study showed that the Multiplex PCR for dtx and dtxR as target genes able to detect all of sample correctly thus concluded that dtx and dtxR genes could be used as a marker for alternative detection and toxigenicity test of C.diphtheriae by Multiplex PCR rapidly and accuratelly. Key words: Corynebacterium diphtheriae, dtx, dan dtxR Abstrak. Corynebacterium diphtheriae merupakan agen penyebab penyakit difteri.. Faktor virulensi utama  C. diphtheriae adalah toksigenisitas (kemampuan memproduksi toksin bakteri toxin. Produksi toksin diatur seperangkat gen yang disebut gen tox/dtx dan diregulasi oleh gen dtxR. Gold standard untuk pemeriksaan toksigenisitas C.diphtheriae adalah dengan metode konvensional (Elek test, Guinea pig dan vero cell cytotoxigenicity,namun  Elek test

Anemia Falciforme: Um Problema Nosso. Uma abordagem bioética sobre a nova genética

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Diniz Debora

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa uma das ações educativas adotadas pelo Ministério da Saúde no campo das hemoglobinopatias: o folheto informativo Anemia Falciforme: Um Problema Nosso. O objetivo é discutir as premissas e os valores morais que se encontram associados a iniciativas no campo da educação genética, tendo as políticas públicas sobre anemia falciforme no Brasil como estudo de caso. A análise mostra que o conteúdo do folheto oscila entre políticas de prevenção para doenças e promoção de direitos fundamentais, uma característica da nova genética. Além disso, o excesso de informação biomédica especializada no folheto dificulta sua divulgação em massa. Os resultados encontrados foram discutidos à luz do debate bioético contemporâneo sobre a nova genética.

Divergência genética entre genótipos de alface por meio de marcadores AFLP Genetics divergence among lettuce genotypes by AFLP markers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristina Soares de Sousa

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Considerando a restrita diversidade de espécies disponíveis para nutrir a carência de vitaminas no Brasil, Kerr e colaboradores, desde 1981, vêm desenvolvendo pesquisas para melhoramento genético de hortaliças ricas em vitamina A. Dentre elas, obtiveram uma cultivar de alface, denominada Uberlândia 10.000 com 10.200 UI de vitamina A em 100 gramas de folha fresca. Este trabalho objetivou comparar o grau de divergência genética entre a cultivar Uberlândia 10.000 e seus parentais para avaliar a eficiência da seleção utilizada, por meio da técnica AFLP. Foram utilizados os seguintes genótipos de alface: Maioba, Salad Bowl-Mimosa, Moreninha-de-Uberlândia, Vitória de Santo Antão, Uberlândia 10.000 lisa 8.ª e 9.ª geração e Uberlândia 10.000 crespa 8.ª e 9.ª geração. A técnica AFLP foi eficiente para identificar genótipos muito próximos e para estudos de progênies em alface. O primer PR15 permitiu a separação da forma lisa e crespa com 1,8% de divergência genética e a oitava da nona geração com apenas 0,71%. Com o estudo da filogenia da cultivar pode-se observar que o programa de melhoramento foi desenvolvido com sucesso, pois a cultivar obtida Uberlândia 10.000 possui alto teor de vitamina A e 92% de similaridade com o parental Vitória de Santo Antão. O primer PR11 conseguiu identificar polimorfismo entre cultivares de alta e baixa resistência à septoriose, sugerindo a possibilidade destas bandas estarem relacionadas à resistência.Considering the restricted diversity of species available to counteract vitamin deficiencies in Brazil, Kerr and coworkers have been engaged since 1981, in developing genetic improved garden vegetables rich in vitamin A. One of these vegetables is the lettuce cultivar Uberlândia 10,000, which contains 10,200 UI of vitamin A per 100 grams of fresh leaves. This study compares the genetic diversity between Uberlândia 10,000 and its parental, evaluating selection efficiency through

Meet Mr. and Mrs. Gen X: A New Parent Generation

Science.gov (United States)

Howe, Neil

2010-01-01

Slowly but surely, Generation Xers have been taking over from Baby Boomers as the majority of parents in elementary and secondary education. In the early 1990s, Gen Xers began joining parent-teacher associations in the nation's elementary schools. Around 2005, they became the majority of middle school parents. By the fall of 2008, they took over…

Donde la genética no llega, la ciencia alcanza

OpenAIRE

FAMMA

2008-01-01

Científicamente nombrada como “osteogénesis imperfecta” y popularmente conocida como “huesos de cristal” esta patología consiste en una malformación de los huesos desencadenada por la mutación de un gen encargado de producir el colágeno una proteína esencial responsable de dar rigidez a los huesos.

Aspectos genético-quantitativos da qualidade da carne em frangos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gaya Leila de Genova

2006-01-01

Full Text Available O estudo dos parâmetros genéticos das características de qualidade de carne de aves permite à industria avícola se adequar às exigências da indústria processadora, aumentando sua eficiência, e melhorando a aceitação da carne de frango pelo mercado consumidor. Além disso, por meio do estudo destes parâmetros, valiosas informações sobre a caracterização do fenômeno denominado PSE, que representa a carne pálida, flácida e exsudativa, podem ser obtidas, uma vez que são escassos os estudos a esse respeito em frangos. O conhecimento do comportamento genético e da relação entre os atributos da carne e outras características de interesse em frangos de corte pode favorecer o estabelecimento mais preciso e adequado das estratégias utilizadas nos programas de seleção.

The GenABEL Project for statistical genomics [version 1; referees: 2 approved

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lennart C. Karssen

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Development of free/libre open source software is usually done by a community of people with an interest in the tool. For scientific software, however, this is less often the case. Most scientific software is written by only a few authors, often a student working on a thesis. Once the paper describing the tool has been published, the tool is no longer developed further and is left to its own device. Here we describe the broad, multidisciplinary community we formed around a set of tools for statistical genomics. The GenABEL project for statistical omics actively promotes open interdisciplinary development of statistical methodology and its implementation in efficient and user-friendly software under an open source licence. The software tools developed withing the project collectively make up the GenABEL suite, which currently consists of eleven tools. The open framework of the project actively encourages involvement of the community in all stages, from formulation of methodological ideas to application of software to specific data sets. A web forum is used to channel user questions and discussions, further promoting the use of the GenABEL suite. Developer discussions take place on a dedicated mailing list, and development is further supported by robust development practices including use of public version control, code review and continuous integration. Use of this open science model attracts contributions from users and developers outside the “core team”, facilitating agile statistical omics methodology development and fast dissemination.

La política internacional de acceso a los recursos genéticos

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Martha Isabel Gómez Lee

2007-11-01

Full Text Available La biodiversidad es un asunto político. ¿Por qué es importante el acceso e intercambio de los recursos genéticos, y cómo se relaciona con las controversias sobre propiedad intelectual y con las negociaciones ambientales y comerciales en el ámbito internacional? La respuesta a estos interrogantes pone en evidencia un conjunto de reglas, interrelaciones internacionales y nuevos actores que de- finen la política internacional de acceso a los recursos genéticos. El Convenio sobre Diversidad Biológica establece que la diversidad biológica está sometida a la soberanía nacional. ¿El acceso estará determinado por un sistema multilateral o por acuerdos bilaterales?

Wilsonosiphonia gen. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) based on molecular and morpho-anatomical characters.

Science.gov (United States)

Bustamante, Danilo E; Won, Boo Yeon; Miller, Kathy Ann; Cho, Tae Oh

2017-04-01

Morphological, anatomical, and molecular sequence data were used to assess the establishment and phylogenetic position of the genus Wilsonosiphonia gen. nov. Phylogenies based on rbcL and concatenated rbcL and cox1 loci support recognition of Wilsonosiphonia gen. nov., sister to Herposiphonia. Diagnostic features for Wilsonosiphonia are rhizoids located at distal ends of pericentral cells and taproot-shaped multicellular tips of rhizoids. Wilsonosiphonia includes three species with diagnostic rbcL and cox1 sequences, Wilsonosiphonia fujiae sp. nov. (the generitype), W. howei comb. nov., and W. indica sp. nov. These three species resemble each other in external morphology, but W. fujiae is distinguished by having two tetrasporangia per segment rather than one, W. indica by having abundant and persistent trichoblasts, and W. howei by having few and deciduous trichoblasts. © 2017 Phycological Society of America.

Gen IV Materials Handbook Functionalities and Operation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ren, Weiju

2009-01-01

This document is prepared for navigation and operation of the Gen IV Materials Handbook, with architecture description and new user access initiation instructions. Development rationale and history of the Handbook is summarized. The major development aspects, architecture, and design principles of the Handbook are briefly introduced to provide an overview of its past evolution and future prospects. Detailed instructions are given with examples for navigating the constructed Handbook components and using the main functionalities. Procedures are provided in a step-by-step fashion for Data Upload Managers to upload reports and data files, as well as for new users to initiate Handbook access.

Gen IV Materials Handbook Functionalities and Operation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ren, Weiju [ORNL

2009-12-01

This document is prepared for navigation and operation of the Gen IV Materials Handbook, with architecture description and new user access initiation instructions. Development rationale and history of the Handbook is summarized. The major development aspects, architecture, and design principles of the Handbook are briefly introduced to provide an overview of its past evolution and future prospects. Detailed instructions are given with examples for navigating the constructed Handbook components and using the main functionalities. Procedures are provided in a step-by-step fashion for Data Upload Managers to upload reports and data files, as well as for new users to initiate Handbook access.

Aspectos genéticos da escoliose idiopática do adolescente Aspectos genéticos de la escoliosis idiopática del adolescente Genetic aspects of the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Wajchenberg

2012-09-01

Full Text Available A escoliose idiopática do adolescente é uma doença frequente e sua etiologia permanece obscura. Várias hipóteses foram formuladas, entre elas a possibilidade da transmissão genética. Estudos na literatura procuraram analisar a prevalência da doença em determinadas populações, as possíveis formas de transmissão, a localização dos genes responsáveis e as variações de determinados genes (polimorfismos que podem influenciar o desenvolvimento da deformidade. O objetivo deste artigo é revisar e atualizar os conceitos sobre a influência genética na etiologia da escoliose idiopática do adolescente.La escoliosis idiopática del adolescente es una enfermedad frecuente y su etiología continúa siendo obscura. Varias hipótesis fueron elaboradas, entre ellas, la posibilidad de la transmisión genética. Los estudios en la literatura procuraron analizar la prevalencia de la enfermedad en determinadas poblaciones, las posibles formas de transmisión, la localización de los genes responsables y las variaciones de genes específicos (polimorfismos que pueden influenciar en el desarrollo de la deformidad. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar y actualizar los conceptos sobre la influencia genética en la etiología de la escoliosis idiopática del adolescente.The adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a common disease and its etiology remains unclear. Several hypotheses have been devised, including the possibility of genetic transmission. Studies in the literature have examined the prevalence of the disease in certain populations, the possible modes of transmission, the location of genes and variations of certain genes (polymorphisms that may influence the development of the deformity. This article intends to review and update the concepts of genetic influence in the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Diversidade genética intra e interespecífica de pitaya com base nas características físico-químicas de frutos

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Cristiane Andréa de Lima

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a diversidade genética intra e interespecífica de 21 acessos de duas espécies de pitaya, Hylocereus undatus (Haw Britton & Rose e Selenicereus setaceus Salm-Dyck. A. Bereger ex Werderm., com base nas características físico-químicas dos frutos. Foram avaliadas as características: comprimento, diâmetro, sólidos solúveis, massa total da casca e da polpa dos frutos. Com base na média das características físico-químicas de cada acesso, foram calculados índices de distância genética entre cada par de acessos com base na distância euclidiana média padronizada. A partir da matriz de distâncias genéticas, realizaram-se análises de agrupamento por meio de dendograma e dispersão gráfica baseada em escalas multidimensionais. As variáveis analisadas apresentaram diferentes contribuições relativas para a diversidade genética. O diâmetro do fruto foi a variável que teve maior contribuição no índice de diversidade genética (27,45 %, seguido pela massa total do fruto (25,43 % e pela massa da polpa do fruto (24,67 %. As distâncias genéticas entre os 21 acessos de pitaya variaram entre 2,2 e 540,1. A análise de agrupamento permitiu subdividir os 21 acessos em dois grupos de similaridade genética, Hylocereus e Selenicereus, a uma distância genética relativa de 100. As características físico-químicas dos frutos evidenciaram alta diversidade genética entre os acessos das espécies H. undatus e S. setaceus.

Genética do transtorno bipolar Genetics of bipolar disorder

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Leandro Michelon

2004-10-01

Full Text Available O Transtorno bipolar (TB possui alta prevalência na população mundial e causa perdas significativas na vida dos portadores. É uma doença cuja herança genética se caracteriza por mecanismos complexos de transmissão envolvendo múltiplos genes. Na tentativa de identificar genes de vulnerabilidade para o TB, várias estratégias de investigação genética têm sido utilizadas. Estudos de ligação apontam diversas regiões cromossômicas potencialmente associadas ao TB, cujos marcadores ou genes podem ser candidatos para os estudos de associação. Genes associados aos sistemas monoaminérgicos e vias de sinalização intracelulares são candidatos para investigação da etiologia genética do TB. Novas técnicas de mapeamento de expressão gênica em tecidos especializados apontam para novos genes cujas mutações possam ser responsáveis pelo aparecimento da doença. Em virtude da complexidade do modo de transmissão do TB e de sua heterogeneidade fenotípica, muitas dificuldades são encontradas na determinação desses genes de vulnerabilidade. Até o momento, há apenas resultados preliminares identificando alguns genes associados à vulnerabilidade para desenvolver o TB. Entretanto, a compreensão crescente dos mecanismos epigenéticos de controle da expressão gênica e a abordagem dimensional dos transtornos mentais podem colaborar nas investigações futuras em genética psiquiátrica.Bipolar disorder (BD is a worldwide highly prevalent mental disease. This disorder has a genetic inheritance characterized by complex transmission mechanisms involving multiple genes. Many investigation strategies have been put forward in order to identify BD susceptibility genes. Linkage studies reveal markers and candidate genes for the association studies. Monoaminergic system genes and intracellular signaling pathway genes are also important candidates to be investigated in the etiology of this disorder. Recent techniques of gene expression

Análise multivariada da divergência genética de genótipos de arroz sob estresse salino durante a fase vegetativa Multivariate analysis of genetic divergence of genotypes of rice under salt stress during the vegetative phase

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Letícia Carvalho Benitez

2011-06-01

Full Text Available A salinidade, dos solos e da água de irrigação, constitui fator limitante para o cultivo do arroz, principalmente nos estágios iniciais do desenvolvimento e no período de floração. A utilização de fontes de água de má qualidade para irrigação resulta no acúmulo de sais no solo, causando toxicidade importante na cultura. Uma solução para o problema seria a introdução de variedades com tolerância à salinidade elevada. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a divergência genética entre genótipos de arroz visando à seleção de genótipos tolerantes à salinidade durante a fase vegetativa. Sementes de 10 genótipos de arroz foram cultivadas in vitro, em meio MS acrescido de 0 e 136 mM de NaCl. Após 21 dias, foram avaliados seis caracteres morfológicos e os resultados submetidos a análises multivariadas. Os métodos de otimização de Tocher, baseado na distância de Mahalanobis, e a dispersão gráfica das variáveis canônicas seguiram a mesma tendência de agrupamento dos genótipos, formando seis grupos distintos. A característica massa fresca da parte aérea foi a que mais contribuiu para a dissimilaridade genética entre os genótipos, pelo método de Singh, enquanto as duas primeiras variáveis canônicas foram suficientes para explicar 91,27% da variação observada. Nas condições experimentais testadas, os genótipos apresentaram graus distintos de tolerância à salinidade, sendo BRS Colosso, BRS Bojuru e BR IRGA 410, pertencentes aos grupos três e quatro, os que se mostraram mais tolerantes ao estresse salino e o genótipo Moti, pertencente ao grupo dois, o que se mostrou mais sensível.Soil salinity is a limiting factor for rice cultivation, especially in the early stages of development and the flowering period. The use of sources of poor quality water for irrigation results in the accumulation of salts in the soil, causing major toxicity in culture. A solution to the problem would be the introduction

Overview of NASA's Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) Research

Science.gov (United States)

Swenson, Harry N.

2009-01-01

This slide presentation is an overview of the research for the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). Included is a review of the current air transportation system and the challenges of air transportation research. Also included is a review of the current research highlights and significant accomplishments.

Capacidad transactivadora del gen pttg1 y su implicación en tumorigénesis

OpenAIRE

Romero Franco, Ana

2016-01-01

Falta palabras clave Objetivos: Los objetivos planteados en esta tesis doctoral son los que se enumeran a continuación: 1) Estudiar la capacidad moduladora que ejerce el gen pttg1 sobre la expresión de genes relacionados con el microambiente del tumor, en células inmortalizadas de ratón NIH3T3. 2) Estudiar la capacidad transactivadora del gen pttg1 en células tumorales humanas y establecer nexos con su posible implicación biológica en el desarrollo del tumor. 3) Estudiar el efecto en el de...

Selección de embriones humanos. Diagnóstico genético preimplantación

OpenAIRE

Natalia López Moratalla; Marta Lago Fernández Purón; Esteban Santiago

2011-01-01

La posibilidad de detectar defectos cromosómicos o genéticos en embriones in vitro, asociada a las técnicas de Reproducción Humana Asistida antes de su posible transferencia a útero para completar su desarrollo, se presentó como una alternativa al aborto eugenésico. Y una opción para mujeres de edad avanzada para procrear, de evitar embarazos de embriones con defectos cromosómicos. El diagnóstico genético previo a la implantación (DGP) y el cribado de los embriones in vitro (por las siglas en...

Titanogryllus n. gen., the largest Gryllinae cricket from the Neotropical Region with three new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Jaiswara, Ranjana; Souza-Dias, Pedro G B; De Campos, Lucas Denadai; RedÜ, Darlan R; De Mello, Francisco de A G; Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure

2018-03-29

Titanogryllus, a new genus and three new species T. salgado n. gen. n. sp., T. oxossi n. gen. n. sp., and T. oxente n. gen. n. sp. from subfamily Gryllinae (Grylloidea, Gryllidae) are described from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. This genus is characterized by its very large size, and establishes a new record for the largest known cricket from Neotropical Region. The new taxa are characterized by their external morphology and male and female genitalia.

Population ecology of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) as an invasive species in the Laurentian Great Lakes and an imperiled species in Europe

Science.gov (United States)

Hansen, Michael J.; Madenjian, Charles P.; Slade, Jeffrey W.; Steeves, Todd B.; Almeida, Pedro R.; Quintella, Bernardo R.

2016-01-01

The sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus (Linnaeus) is both an invasive non-native species in the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America and an imperiled species in much of its native range in North America and Europe. To compare and contrast how understanding of population ecology is useful for control programs in the Great Lakes and restoration programs in Europe, we review current understanding of the population ecology of the sea lamprey in its native and introduced range. Some attributes of sea lamprey population ecology are particularly useful for both control programs in the Great Lakes and restoration programs in the native range. First, traps within fish ladders are beneficial for removing sea lampreys in Great Lakes streams and passing sea lampreys in the native range. Second, attractants and repellants are suitable for luring sea lampreys into traps for control in the Great Lakes and guiding sea lamprey passage for conservation in the native range. Third, assessment methods used for targeting sea lamprey control in the Great Lakes are useful for targeting habitat protection in the native range. Last, assessment methods used to quantify numbers of all life stages of sea lampreys would be appropriate for measuring success of control in the Great Lakes and success of conservation in the native range.

Siamia luxuriosa gen. et sp. nov., a new synnematous hyphomycete from Thailand

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Robert, Vincent; Decock, Cony; Castañeda Ruíz, Rafael F.

2000-01-01

A new synnematous hyphomycete, Siamia luxuriosa gen. et sp. nov., is described from Khao Yai National Park, Thailand. The genus is characterised by having long, dark synnemata, conidiogenous cells with numerous protuberant, cylindrical, thickened unilaterally arranged scars, and long, slightly

Madame de Genlis dans la littérature Russe du XIXe Siècle : Pouchkine, Léon Tolstoï et autres

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Alla Polosina

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Dans cet article nous examinons la réception dе Madame de Genlis chez plusieurs auteurs russes du XIXe siècle. Pouchkine la nomma « écrivailleuse sans talent », malgré le fait que ses Mémoires suscitaient son grand intérêt. Léon Tolstoï utilisa le nom de Madame de Genlis dans Guerre et Paix pour mettre en relief le caractère de ses protagonistes : Koutouzov et Vé-ra Rostova. Leskov écrivit un petit chef-d'oeuvre, L’Esprit de Madame de Genlis, sur sa déifica-tion dans la haute société. La réception de Madame de Genlis en Russie paraît étroitement liée au statut aristocratique de son oeuvre, qui servit ainsi de modèle culturel aux élites fran-cophiles russes.

Avaliação de genótipos de bananeira no norte do Estado do Paraná

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Rogério de Sá Borges

2011-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de 14 genótipos de bananeira na região norte do Estado do Paraná. O experimento foi conduzido sem irrigação em uma propriedade comercial localizada no município de Andirá-PR, no período de 2007 a 2009. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com oito repetições e uma planta por parcela. O genótipo FHIA 17 destacou-se dos demais, apresentando o melhor conjunto de caracteres agronômicos. Os genótipos PA42-44, PV94-01 e 'BRS Princesa' apresentaram características semelhantes às testemunhas de mesmo subgrupo 'Prata-Anã', 'Pacovan' e 'Maçã', respectivamente, sendo portanto, alternativas de cultivo por serem resistentes às sigatokas-negra e amarela e ao mal-do-Panamá.

Evaluación genética preliminar de bovinos Angus en México mediante valores de cría genómicos / Preliminary genetic evaluation of Angus cattle in Mexico using genomic breeding values

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Daniela Elizabeth Briones Martín del Campo

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Con el objeto de evaluar genéticamente bovinos Angus importados a México como embriones, en comparación con una población de referencia internacional y bovinos concebidos localmente, se genotipificaron 143 animales Angus y Angus Rojo con la plataforma BeadChiplllumina BovineSNP50® y se predijeron sus valores de cría genómicos (MVP. En promedio fueron superiores a la media de la población de referencia para características de facilidad de parto directa y materna, habilidad lechera, crecimiento desde el destete hasta el año de edad, peso de la canal, desarrollo muscular, marmoleo y el índice económico de engorda en confinamiento. Los animales originados con germoplasma importado fueron superiores a los concebidos localmente para las características de crecimiento desde el destete hasta el año de edad, desarrollo muscular, marmoleo, terneza de la carne y el índice económico. La población de bovinos Angus evaluada mostró tener potencial genético para seleccionar y utilizar reproductores mejorados.

Variabilidad genética de Plasmodium falciparum en pacientes con malaria grave y malaria no complicada en Iquitos - Perú

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Gisely Hijar G

2002-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la diversidad genética del gen que codifica la proteína rica en glutamato (GLURP de Plasmodium falciparum en pacientes con malaria complicada y no complicada circulante en un área del departamento de Loreto, distrito de Maynas. Materiales y métodos: La diversidad genética fue analizada usando reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR en 30 muestras sanguíneas de pacientes con malaria no complicada (MNC y 46 con malaria grave complicada (MGC. Resultados: Ocho genotipos fueron detectados en pacientes con MNC (Genotipo I,II,III, IV,V, VI,VII y VIII y cuatro genotipos en los pacientes con MGC (Genotipo V,VI,VII,VIII. Asimismo, en 50% de las muestras con MNC fueron detectadas infecciones múltiples, a diferencia de las muestras de MGC en donde no se detectó infecciones múltiples. Conclusión: Existe una diversidad genética en esta región del gen GLURP de P. falciparum, para esa época (marzo 1998 - abril 1999 y esa área del país. En tal sentido, nuestros resultados podrían servir de base para llevar a cabo estudios epidemiológicos posteriores, ya que permitiría conocer la distribución de las cepas circulantes en nuestro país.

Cultivo in vitro de anteras como estrategia para el mejoramiento genético de buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris L)

OpenAIRE

Carloni, Edgardo José

2016-01-01

Tesis (Doctor en Ciencias Agropecuarias)--UNC- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, 2016. Buffelgrass es una gramínea forrajera que se reproduce principalmente por apomixis. El objetivo del presente trabajo es generar variabilidad genética, mediante cultivo in vitro, en caracteres asociados a tolerancia a sequía a partir de germoplasma introducido de buffelgrass, con la finalidad de incorporarla en un programa de mejoramiento genético de esta especie....

Revision of J3Gen and Validity of the Attacks by Peinado et al.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alberto Peinado

2015-05-01

Full Text Available This letter is the reply to: Remarks on Peinado et al.’s Analysis of J3Gen by J. Garcia-Alfaro, J. Herrera-Joancomartí and J. Melià-Seguí published in Sensors 2015, 15, 6217–6220. Peinado et al. cryptanalyzed the pseudorandom number generator proposed by Melià-Seguí et al., describing two possible attacks. Later, Garcia-Alfaro claimed that one of this attack did not hold in practice because the assumptions made by Peinado et al. were not correct. This letter reviews those remarks, showing that J3Gen is anyway flawed and that, without further information, the interpretation made by Peinado et al. seems to be correct.

Doping genético e possíveis metodologias de detecção

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André Valle DE Bairros

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O doping genético caracteriza-se pelo uso não terapêutico de células, genes e elementos gênicos, ou a modulação da expressão gênica com objetivo de aumentar o desempenho esportivo. Isto somente pode ser realizado através de manipulação gênica. Esta prática dopante caracteriza-se como virtualmente "indetectável", o que representa novos desafios analíticos para sua detecção. Esta revisão apresenta o doping genético e possíveis métodos de detecção para evitar futuras fraudes desportivas.

Neutron Arm Study and Calibration for the GEn Experiment at Thomas Jefferson National Laboratory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Timothy Ngo

2007-01-01

The measurement of the neutron electric form factor, GEn, will allow us to solve indirectly for the quark charge distribution inside of the neutron. With the equipment at Jefferson Lab we have measured GEn at four momentum transfer values of Q**2 at 1.3, 2.4 and 3.4 (GeV/c)**2 using a polarized electron beam and polarized Helium target. The scattered electrons off of the Helium target are detected in the BigBite spectrometer and the recoiling neutrons from the Helium are detected in the Neutron Arm, which is composed of an array of scintillators. The main focus of this thesis will be devoted to the geometry, timing and energy calibrations of the Neutron Arm

LEPINOCONUS CHIOCCHINII GEN. N., N. SP., A CONICAL AGGLUTINATED FORAMINIFERA FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS OF ITALY

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ERZIKA CRUZ-ABAD

2017-04-01

Full Text Available A new conical agglutinated foraminifer, Lepinoconus chiocchinii gen n., n. sp. from the lower Campanian shallow-water platform deposits of the Lepini Mountains (central Apennines, Italy, is described. It has a pseudo-keriothecal wall structure, uniserial arrangement of the adult chambers and multiple apertures. The exoskeleton is constituted by beams (main and intercalary continuous from one chamber to the next, while the endoskeleton bears pillars. The new taxon is included in the Coskinolinidae family. Lepinoconus chiocchinii gen. n., n. sp. is known from southern Italy, Greece and Albania.

Polimorfismo VAL158MET del gen Catecol-O-Metiltransferasa y características clínicas en primeros episodios de psicosis

OpenAIRE

Pelayo Terán, José María

2011-01-01

RESUMEN: La esquizofrenia está considerada un síndrome clínico heterogéneo con una etiopatogenia de origen multifactorial, en el que se incluyen factores ambientales, caracteriales y genéticos. A pesar de que más del 50% de la variabilidad de la enfermedad se puede deber a uno o varios factores genéticos, sólo un número limitado de variantes de riesgo genético y con un efecto muy débil han podido ser identificados. Muchos de ellos no han podido reproducirse tanto por la diversidad de las mues...

A influência do genótipo da ECA sobre a aptidão cardiovascular de jovens do sexo masculino moderadamente ativos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jeeser Alves Almeida

2012-04-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: O gene da enzima conversora de angiotensina (gene ECA tem sido amplamente estudado em relação a fenótipos de aptidão cardiorrespiratória, contudo a associação do genótipo da ECA com corridas de meia-distância tem sido pouco investigada. OBJETIVO: O presente estudo investigou a possível influência da enzima conversora de angiotensina (ECA (I/D sobre a aptidão cardiovascular e o desempenho em corridas de meia-distância por parte de brasileiros jovens do sexo masculino. A validade da previsão de VO2max em relação ao genótipo da ECA também foi analisada. MÉTODOS: Um grupo homogêneo de homens jovens moderadamente ativos foi avaliado em um teste de corrida (V1600 m; m.min-1 e em um teste adicional em esteira ergométrica para a determinação de VO2max. Posteriormente, o [(0,177*V1600m + 8.101] VO2max real e previsto foi comparado com os genótipos da ECA. RESULTADOS: O VO2max e V1600m registrados para os genótipos DD, ID e II foram 45,6 (1,8; 51,9 (0,8 e 54,4 (1,0 mL.kg-1.min-1 e 211,2 (8,3; 249,1 (4,3 e 258,6 (5,4 m.min-1, respectivamente e foram significativamente mais baixos para os genótipos DD (p < 0,05. O VO2max real e previsto não diferiram entre si, apesar do genótipo da ECA, mas o nível de concordância entre os métodos de VO2max real e estimado foi menor para o genótipo DD. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que existe uma possível associação entre o genótipo da ECA, a aptidão cardiovascular e o desempenho em corridas de média distância de jovens do sexo masculino moderadamente ativos e que a precisão da previsão do VO2max também pode ser dependente do genótipo da ECA dos participantes.

Diversidad genética, entre y dentro de los mayores grupos humanos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Barbujani, G.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Varios estudios están de acuerdo cuando reportan que cerca del 85% de la diversidad del ADN autosomal y de los loci de las proteínas se debe a diferencias entre individuos dentro de la misma población, mientras que las diferencias entre los grupos de diferentes continentes son responsables de solamente 10% de la variación genética total. Estos resultados están en conflicto con nociones populares de razas humanas claramente distintas y relativamente homogéneas, y nos hacen cuestionar la utilidad de clasificaciones étnicas en diagnósticos médicos, en el campo forense y en genética farmacológica. Nuevos datos obtenidos de inserciones polimórficas de Alu y del cromosoma Y confirman los resultados previos, aunque indican una diversidad mayor en algunos (pero no todos los loci del cromosoma Y. Estos datos nos permiten investigar dos preguntas: (1 si las diferencias continentales, aunque pequeñas, son suficientemente grandes como para asignar a individuos a sus continentes basados en sus genotipos; (2 si los genotipos observados se agrupan en grupos de población o continentales cuando el origen de la muestra se ignora. Usando varios métodos estadísticos, veremos que los errores de clasificación son por lo menos de un 30% para los polimorfismos autosomales bi-alélicos, y de un 27% para el cromosoma Y. Cuatro series de datos genéticos de todo el mundo sugieren la existencia de grupos de genotipos diferentes, pero que éstos cuatro grupos no coinciden el uno con el otro. Adicionalmente, estudios de bloques de ADN del genoma humano indican que la mayor parte de dichos bloques es compartida entre los continentes, con solamente un pequeño porcentaje siendo específico a ciertos continentes. Estos resultados no indican que haya una base clara para subdividir a los humanos en grupos biológicamente definidos. Este puede no ser un problema en áreas aplicadas de genéticas, dado que los métodos rápidos para obtener genotipos individuales

IDENTIFIKASI DAGING BABI MENGGUNAKAN METODE PCR-RFLP GEN Cytochrome b DAN PCR PRIMER SPESIFIK GEN AMELOGENIN (Pork Identification Using PCR-RFLP of Cytochrome b Gene and Species Specific PCR of Amelogenin Gene

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yuny Erwanto

2013-03-01

Full Text Available A polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP and species specific PCR methods had been applied for identifying pork in mixture of meat. Pork sample in various levels (1, 3, 5 and 10% was prepared in mixture with beef, chicken and mutton. The primary CYTb1 and CYTb2 were designed in the mitochondrial cytochrome b b (cytochrome b gene and PCR successfully amplified fragments of 359 bp. To distinguish pig species existence, the amplified PCR products of mitochondrial DNA were cut by BseDI restriction enzyme. The result showed that pig mitochondrial DNA was cut into 131 and 228 bp fragments. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR method based on the nucleotide sequence variation in the amelogenin gene has been chosen for the specific identification of pork DNAs in mixture meat. The primers designed generated specific fragments of 353 and 312 bp length for pork. The specificity of the primary designed was tested on 4 animal species including pig, cattle, chicken and goat species. Analysis of experimental mixture meat demonstrated that 1% of raw pork tissues could be detected using PCR-RFLP with BseDI restriction enzyme but detection using species-specific PCR showed the cross reactivity to beef, chicken and mutton. The cytochrome b PCR-RFLP species identification assay yielded excellent results for identification of pig species. PCR-RFLP is a potentially reliable technique for detection of the existence of pork in animal food product for Halal authentication. Keywords: Pork identification, cytochrome b, amelogenin, polymerase chain reaction   ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengaplikasikan metode deteksi daging babi dalam campuan daging dengan sapi, kambing dan ayam melalui PCR-RFLP dan PCR dengan primer spesifik untuk babi. Level kontaminasi daging babi dibuat sebesar 1, 3, 5 dan 10% dari total daging dalam campuran. Metode PCR-RFLP menggunakan sepasang primer yaitu gen cytochrome b dari mitokondria yang

Impactos de se ignorarem os efeitos genéticos não-aditivos de dominância na avaliação genética animal Impacts of ignoring the non-additive genetic effects of dominance on animal genetic evaluation

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Elizângela Emídio Cunha

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os impactos de se ignorarem os efeitos de dominância sobre a estimação de parâmetros genéticos e a predição de valores genéticos pelo método da máxima verossimilhança restrita sob modelo animal aditivo empregando-se o MTDFREML. Para a mesma arquitetura genômica, foram simulados dois modelos de ação gênica: um deles incluiu apenas efeitos aditivos dos genes e o outro, efeitos aditivos e dominância completa e positiva para 100% dos locos. Sob cada modelo genético, foram geradas três populações-base correspondentes às características com herdabilidades de 0,15 (baixa, 0,30 (média e 0,60 (alta. A partir das populações-base, foram geradas as populações iniciais, que, submetidas a seleção e a acasalamentos ao acaso, durante seis gerações consecutivas e discretas, resultaram cada uma em 18.000 indivíduos com registro. As estimativas dos componentes de variância e herdabilidade obtidas no modelo com ação gênica aditiva foram semelhantes aos seus valores reais para todas as características, ao passo que, sob ação gênica de dominância, todos os componentes foram superestimados, principalmente a variância genética aditiva. A variância de dominância não-estimada pelo modelo animal adotado foi redistribuída entre os componentes genético aditivo e residual estimados. Houve perda na acurácia da avaliação genética sob o modelo genético com dominância e essa perda foi traduzida por correlações mais baixas entre os valores genéticos verdadeiros e preditos dos animais. Há necessidade de novos estudos, já que os genomas simulados podem não corresponder aos sistemas biológicos verdadeiros.The objective of this study was to evaluate impacts of ignoring the dominance effects on the estimation of genetic parameters and prediction of genetic values by the restricted maximum likelihood method, under the additive animal model, using MTDFREML. Two gene action models were

INTRODUKSI GEN Sitrat Sintase KE DALAM RUMPUT LAUT Kappaphycus alvarezii MENGGUNAKAN Agrobacterium tumefaciens

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Ristanti Frinra Daud

2013-08-01

ekonomis penting. Ice-ice merupakan penyakit yang paling umum menyerang rumput laut dan menyebabkan menurunnya produksi rumput laut. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh perubahan salinitas, suhu, dan pencemaran logam berat. Asam sitrat digunakan sebagai pengkelat logam berat. Introduksi gen sitrat sintase ke dalam genom tanaman diketahui dapat mengurangi cekaman oksidatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengintroduksi gen sitrat sintase ke dalam genom K. alvarezii menggunakan perantara Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Berdasarkan eksplan yang tahan pada media seleksi higromisin, efisiensi transformasi pada K. alvarezii sebesar 7,5%. Efisiensi regenerasi tunas transgenik putatif sebesar 100%, efisiensi tunas non transgenik sebesar 100%. Analisis molekular menggunakan teknik PCR, satu dari lima K. alvarezii transgenik putatif mengandung transgen PaCS di bawah kendali promoter 35S CaMV.

Caracterização e uso da variabilidade genética de banco ativo de germoplasma de Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner

OpenAIRE

Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Embrapa Rondônia; Santos, Diogo Vieira; ULBRA; Ramalho, André Rostand; Embrapa Rondônia; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Embrapa Rondônia

2014-01-01

Estratégias eficientes para manipular a variabilidade genética são determinantes para o sucesso dos programas de melhoramento de Coffea canephora. Combinações entre genitores divergentes expressam maior efeito heterótico, devendo a seleção de matrizes considerar, simultaneamente, a divergência genética e o desempenho agronômico superior.Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, quantificar a diversidade genética de acessos de C. canephora do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Embrapa Rondônia, visando à ident...

Selección sexual relacionada con el tamaño corporal, parámetros genético-cuantitativos multivariados, y divergencia morfométrica multivariada entre poblaciones de dos especies cactófilas del genéro Drosophila

OpenAIRE

Norry, Fabián Marcelo

1995-01-01

Los recientes avances conceptuales dentro del campo de la genética cuantitativa, han brindado las herramientas teóricas necesarias para caracterizar la evolución del fenotipo medio en poblaciones naturales. La teoria predice que la micro-evolución adaptativa del fenotipo depende de la forma de selección natural operando sobre los caracteres adaptativos, y particularmente de las varianzas y covarianzas genéticas y fenotípicas entre tales caracteres. Por ello, los estudios empíricos sobre estos...

Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of the Cherskii's Sculpin Cottus czerskii and Siberian Taimen Hucho taimen Reveal GenBank Entry Errors: Incorrect Species Identification and Recombinant Mitochondrial Genome.

Science.gov (United States)

Balakirev, Evgeniy S; Saveliev, Pavel A; Ayala, Francisco J

2017-01-01

The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome is sequenced in 2 individuals of the Cherskii's sculpin Cottus czerskii . A surprisingly high level of sequence divergence (10.3%) has been detected between the 2 genomes of C czerskii studied here and the GenBank mt genome of C czerskii (KJ956027). At the same time, a surprisingly low level of divergence (1.4%) has been detected between the GenBank C czerskii (KJ956027) and the Amur sculpin Cottus szanaga (KX762049, KX762050). We argue that the observed discrepancies are due to incorrect taxonomic identification so that the GenBank accession number KJ956027 represents actually the mt genome of C szanaga erroneously identified as C czerskii . Our results are of consequence concerning the GenBank database quality, highlighting the potential negative consequences of entry errors, which once they are introduced tend to be propagated among databases and subsequent publications. We illustrate the premise with the data on recombinant mt genome of the Siberian taimen Hucho taimen (NCBI Reference Sequence Database NC_016426.1; GenBank accession number HQ897271.1), bearing 2 introgressed fragments (≈0.9 kb [kilobase]) from 2 lenok subspecies, Brachymystax lenok and Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis , submitted to GenBank on June 12, 2011. Since the time of submission, the H taimen recombinant mt genome leading to incorrect phylogenetic inferences was propagated in multiple subsequent publications despite the fact that nonrecombinant H taimen genomes were also available (submitted to GenBank on August 2, 2014; KJ711549, KJ711550). Other examples of recombinant sequences persisting in GenBank are also considered. A GenBank Entry Error Depositary is urgently needed to monitor and avoid a progressive accumulation of wrong biological information.

Efecto sedante del midazolam genérico versus innovador en ratas Wistar

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Radamés Alemón-Medina

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes: ocho de cada diez pacientes en Terapia Intensiva del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría no obtienen el mismo efecto ansiolítico y sedante con midazolam genérico (PiSA®, que con el innovador (Dormicum, Roche® a pesar de que su biodisponibilidad es de 100%.  Objetivo: determinar diferencias significativas en el efecto sedante del midazolam genérico y del innovador administrados parenteralmente.  Material y métodos: estudio aleatorizado cruzado en 24 ratas Wistar macho distribuidas en 4 grupos (n=6. A cada individuo se le administró una dosis de 0.5 mg/kg de peso vía intraperitoneal. Se determinaron los grados de sedación mediante la escala de Salamone. Se midió la concentración del fármaco en las ampolletas de ambas marcas por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución. Resultados: el efecto sedante del midazolam apareció al mismo tiempo y tuvo la misma duración, ndependientemente de la marca. El efecto tiende a ser más duradero con el innovador pero sin ser estadísticamente significativo (ANOVA, p ≤ 0.05. Asimismo, la mayoría de los animales llegaron al nivel 3 de sedación con ambas marcas.   Conclusión: tanto el midazolam innovador como el genérico tienen el mismo efecto sedante: aparece al mismo tiempo y tiene la misma duración.

Caracterización de pacientes con enfermedades genéticas del esqueleto en un centro colombiano de remisión

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Harvy Mauricio Velasco

2017-06-01

Resultados. El motivo de consulta más frecuente fue por sospecha de enfermedad genética del esqueleto. Entre los tipos de tratamiento, se consideraron los de soporte, los quirúrgicos, el farmacológico y la ‘ortesis’, y se pudo establecer que los pacientes con enfermedades genéticas del esqueleto obtenían puntajes mayores en la variable de intervención y menores en las de talla alta y baja. Conclusiones. El diagnóstico de la mayoría de los pacientes remitidos respondía a enfermedades genéticas del esqueleto, talla baja y otras enfermedades genéticas monogénicas. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre la edad de inicio de los síntomas y la de diagnóstico, así como diversos enfoques terapéuticos. Hubo menos intervenciones en los pacientes con talla alta y baja, lo cual podría alertar sobre la necesidad de reevaluar las necesidades terapéuticas de este grupo.

Seleção preliminar de genótipos de pinheira em Bom Jesus-PI Preliminary selection of sugar apple genotypes in Bom Jesus county, Piauí state, Brazil

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Ítalo Herbert Lucena Cavalcante

2011-01-01

Full Text Available A pinheira (Annona squamosa L. ocorre espontaneamente no Nordeste Brasileiro, onde é explorada de forma extrativista, caracterizando-se pela falta de manejo adequado e material genético selecionado. Nesse sentido, foi realizado um experimento com objetivo de avaliar a produtividade, as características físicas e químicas de frutos de dez genótipos de pinheira no município de Bom Jesus, PI. Adotou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com tratamentos representados por dez genótipos de pinheira e três repetições. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: vitamina C, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, relação SS/AT "ratio", diâmetros longitudinal e transversal, relação DL/DT, número se sementes por fruto, massa dos frutos e produção por planta. Os genótipos apresentam diferenças quanto às características químicas, físicas e produtivas dos frutos. Os genótipos foram agrupados em sete grupos, com destaque para o grupo III (Gen-02 e grupo IV (Gen-05, fato que explicitou as diferenças entre os genótipos de pinheira quanto às características produtivas e químicas e físicas dos frutos. Genótipos Gen-01 e Gen-02 apresentam potencial para instalação em plantios comerciais, pela produtividade, formato do fruto ou por caracterizarem fontes naturais de vitamina C.The sugar apple (Annona squamosa L. is native to tropical America, occurring spontaneously in Northeastern Brazil, where it is exploited mainly as subsistence without adequate management and without genetic material selection. An experiment was developed aiming to evaluate yield, physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits of ten sugar apple genotypes in Bom Jesus, Piauí State, Brazil. A completely randomized design with treatments represented by ten genotypes and three replications was adopted. The following variables were evaluated: vitamin C, titratable acidity, soluble solids, SS/TA ratio, longitudinal diameter and transverse, LD/TD, number of

Sistema genérico de replicación

OpenAIRE

Jiménez Ortiz, Raúl

2014-01-01

Este proyecto se desarrolla en una de las principales compañías eléctricas de España, y trata sobre la creación de un sistema genérico de replicación de datos. La idea surge de la necesidad de estandarizar la forma de traspasar información entre departamentos o sistemas, debido a que existen gran variedad de interfaces diferentes, y cada vez que surge la necesidad de crear una implica nuevos costes de desarrollo, mantenimiento y futuros evolutivos. Entre los diferentes departamentos de ...

Reactor physics challenges in GEN-IV reactor design

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Driscoll, Michael K.; Hejzlar, Pavel [Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA (United States)

2005-02-15

An overview of the reactor physics aspects of GENeration Four (GEN-IV) advanced reactors is presented, emphasizing how their special requirements for enhanced sustainability, safety and economics motivates consideration of features not thoroughly analyzed in the past. The resulting concept-specific requirements for better data and methods are surveyed, and some approaches and initiatives are suggested to meet the challenges faced by the international reactor physics community. No unresolvable impediments to successful development of any of the six major types of proposed reactors are identified, given appropriate and timely devotion of resources.

Reactor physics challenges in GEN-IV reactor design

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Driscoll, Michael K.; Hejzlar, Pavel

2005-01-01

An overview of the reactor physics aspects of GENeration Four (GEN-IV) advanced reactors is presented, emphasizing how their special requirements for enhanced sustainability, safety and economics motivates consideration of features not thoroughly analyzed in the past. The resulting concept-specific requirements for better data and methods are surveyed, and some approaches and initiatives are suggested to meet the challenges faced by the international reactor physics community. No unresolvable impediments to successful development of any of the six major types of proposed reactors are identified, given appropriate and timely devotion of resources

Fretting wear characteristic tests of X2-GEN midgrid for SMART under a FIV rod trace

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Young Ho; Lee, Kang Hee; Kim, Jae Yong; Kim, Hyung Kyu [KAERI, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2011-12-15

The KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co. requested the fretting wear characteristic tests of a X2-GEN midgrid under a FIV rod trace at room temperature air. The following results were obtained for the fretting wear test. {center_dot} Fretting wear tests under a FIV rod trace Based on the result of the fretting wear tests of the X2-GEN and 17ACE7 1x1 mid-grid under a FIV rod trace, X2-GEN mid-grid showed a slightly severe wear volume rather than 17ACE7 spring. But, maximum wear depth shows an opposite behavior. This is due to spring shape effect. The fretting wear mechanisms at each mid-grid were influenced by each spring shape, that are depended on the different impacting behavior under a FIV rod motion. Up to 5x105 cycles, wear characteristics of each mid-grid shows a relatively similar wear rate. Consequently, it is necessary to further study for examining exact fretting wear behavior under a FIV rod tra

Neocordana gen. nov.,the causal organism of Cordana leaf spot on banana

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hernández-Restrepo, Margarita; Groenewald, Johannes Z.; Crous, Pedro W.

2015-01-01

Cordana leaf spot of banana is shown to be associated with several species of a new genus described here as Neocordana gen. nov. Furthermore, Neocordana belongs to Pyriculariaceae (Magnaporthales) rather than Cordanaceae where the type species of Cordana, C. pauciseptata resides. Neocordana is

Els orígens de la tuberculosi

OpenAIRE

Bueno i Torrens, David, 1965-

2014-01-01

La tuberculosi és una de les primeres malalties infeccioses de la història de la humanitat. Es dedueix del registre fòssil, per les empremtes que deixa en els ossos d"algunes de les persones que l"han patit. Tradicionalment s"ha assumit que la tuberculosi ve del bestiar boví, que la va transmetre per primer cop a les persones durant el neolític. Però l"anàlisi genètica dels bacteris causants d"aquesta malaltia en diversos indrets del món i de bacteris fòssils trobats en mòmies precolombines h...

Estabilidade da resistência de genótipos de caupi a Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr. em gerações sucessivas

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Lima Marcileyne Pessôa Leite de

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae é a principal praga do caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. armazenado em condições tropicais e subtropicais. Avaliaram-se a estabilidade da resistência e a capacidade de adaptação de C. maculatus a genótipos de caupi, durante seis gerações. Utilizou-se o teste sem chance de escolha, em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial, com dez tratamentos, seis gerações do inseto e cinco repetições. Cada repetição constou de 30 grãos infestados com dois casais da praga. O número de ovos/fêmea diferiu entre os genótipos de caupi apenas na sexta geração, e entre as gerações em BR14-Mulato, Bico de Pato, TE90-180-3E e TE87-98-8G. A viabilidade de ovos diferiu entre as gerações em BR17-Gurguéia, BR14-Mulato, IT89KD-260 e IT89KD-245, e entre os genótipos nas terceira, quinta e sexta gerações. Os genótipos diferiram entre e dentro das gerações, em relação à duração e a viabilidade da fase imatura. Observou-se redução na emergência, especialmente em IT89KD-245, IT89KD-260, CNC 0434, Bico de Pato, TE90-180-10F e BR14-Mulato, provavelmente devido a substâncias químicas presentes nos grãos que afetaram a sobrevivência dos insetos, ao longo das gerações. Os genótipos IT89KD-245 e IT89KD-260 comportaram-se como moderadamente resistentes. Não se observou adaptação de C. maculatus aos genótipos, mantendo-se a resistência estável através das gerações.

Effect of GenF20 Plus on serum IGF-1 levels in healthy adults: a randomized controlled study

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Sonawane N

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Navneet Sonawane,1 Vinayak Kale,2 Suhas Erande,3 Jayesh Chaudhary1 1Vedic Lifesciences Pvt Ltd, Mumbai, India; 2Lokmanya Hospital, Pune, India; 3Akshay Hospital, Pune, India Background: Aging is related to a reduction of growth hormones, resulting in physiological derailment and affects overall wellbeing. GenF20 Plus is a dietary supplement postulated to naturally stimulate the secretion of human growth hormone (HGH through the anterior pituitary. This study sought to evaluate the effect of GenF20 Plus in enhancing the levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1, which is a marker of HGH levels. Methods: Seventy subjects aged 35–65 years visiting outpatient departments at five study centers across India, presenting with at least two of the following age-related complaints: decreased memory, decreased libido, low energy levels, or poor quality of sleep were randomly assigned to either GenF20 Plus (n=35 or placebo (n=35 for a period of 12 weeks (84 days. Randomization was carried out using computerized software. The primary outcome measure was serum IGF-1 levels. Changes in waist circumference, body mass index, body fat percentage, lean muscle mass, and scores for memory, libido, energy levels, and quality of sleep were also assessed. Trial registration: CTRI/2011/06/001784. Results: Sixty-one subjects completed the study as per protocol and were analyzed. The mean increase (mean ± standard deviation in IGF-1 levels at day 84 in the GenF20 Plus group was 13.46±36.12 ng/mL and in the placebo group was 6.35±36.56 ng/mL, which was not statistically significantly different (P>0.05 when compared across the groups. In the ≥40 years subgroup, the mean increase in IGF-1 in the GenF20 Plus group (14.59±40.08 ng/mL was not statistically significantly different when compared to the placebo group (3.17±16.09 ng/mL using analysis of variance (ANOVA; P>0.05. However, when this change was analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA considering

HyGenSys: a Flexible Process for Hydrogen and Power Production with Reduction of CO2 Emission HyGenSys : un procédé flexible de production d’hydrogène et d’électricité avec réduction des émissions de CO2

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Giroudière F.

2010-09-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the latest development of HyGenSys, a new sustainable process and technology for the conversion of natural gas to hydrogen and power. The concept combines a specific steam reforming reactor-exchanger with a gas turbine. The heat necessary for the steam reforming reaction comes from hot pressurized flue gases produced in a gas turbine instead of a conventional furnace. Thanks to this high level of heat integration, the overall efficiency is improved and the natural gas consumption is reduced which represents an advantage with regard to economics and CO2 emission reduction. In addition to the efficient HyGenSys process scheme itself, the technology of the reactorexchanger also offers a high level of heat integration for even more energy saving. Two main alternatives are examined in order to meet two different requirements. The first one, named HyGenSys-0, focuses on the hydrogen production for the refining and petrochemical application. The second one named HyGenSys-1, concerns the centralized power production with pre-combustion CO2capture. In that case, the produced hydrogen is fully used to fuel a power gas turbine. HyGenSys-1 has been developed and optimised in CACHET, a European Community funded project. The CACHET electrical power objective was 400 MW at the minimum. HyGenSys-0 and HyGenSys-1 are described in detail with challenges and advantages compared to existing technologies. For both alternatives, the heart of the technology is the reactor-exchanger. The reactor-exchanger design relies on an innovative arrangement of bayonet tubes that allows, at large scale, multiple heat exchanges between hot pressurized flue gas, natural gas feed and hydrogen rich stream produced. Cet article présente les développements récents d’HyGenSys, nouvel éco-procédé de conversion du gaz naturel en hydrogène et électricité. Le concept combine un réacteur-échangeur spécifique de reformage à la vapeur avec une turbine à gaz

The image of God (Gen. 1:26-27) in the Pentateuch : a biblical-theological approach / Daniel Simango

OpenAIRE

Simango, Daniel

2006-01-01

This dissertation focuses on how the theme of the image of God (Gen 1 :26-27) is seen and developed in the Pentateuch. The image of God in man (Gen 1 :26-27) has been interpreted in various ways. Predominant opinions have changed over time from the Early Jewish interpretation to the present period. Today there is a wider range of opinion regarding the image of God than ever. This dissertation follows a biblical-theological approach from a Reformed tradition of Genesis 1 :26-...

CERN signs with the Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève

CERN Multimedia

2002-01-01

Signature of the CERN-HUG agreements. From left to right: J. van der Boon, CERN Director of Administration, P. Pachoud (H.U.G.), M. Vieli (H.U.G.), A.-S. Cerne (CERN) and W. Kindl, Director of UNIQA Assurances S.A. On 4 July 2002, Mario Vieli, the Finance Director of the Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (H.U.G.), Pierre Pachoud, the vice-chairman of the H.U.G. Board of Directors and Anne-Sylvie Cerne, who is responsible for the Organization's health insurance contract, signed agreements on tariffs between the Organization and the Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève. The main hospital of the H.U.G. group is the Cantonal Hospital. These agreements, approved by the Republic of Geneva's State Council last April, are the outcome of extensive negotiations. In fact, CERN is the first international organization to arrange for tariff agreements for the members of its Health Insurance Scheme (CHIS) with the H.U.G. directly. Moreover, these agreements are fully in line with CHIS's new tariff agreement policy, with ...

Picarola margalefii, gen. et sp. nov., a new planktonic coccolithophore from NW Mediterranean waters

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Lluïsa Cros

2004-04-01

Full Text Available A coccolithophore which is referred to a new genus Picarola gen. nov. and described as a new species Picarola margalefii sp. nov., has been observed from the NW Mediterranean. The description of the new species is based on Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM observations. The coccoliths of Picarola margalefii sp. nov. are muroliths that have a narrow high rim and a central area with a cross and an elongate four-sided central process. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalyses confirmed their calcareous nature. The relation between the new genus and the genera Papposphaera Tangen, Vexillarius Jordan et Chamberlain, and Turrilithus Jordan et al., is discussed. The coccolithophore Picarola margalefii gen. et sp. nov., is dedicated to Dr. Ramon Margalef.

Determinação da dissimilaridade genética entre acessos de Capsicum chinense com base em características de flores

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Carla Sigales de Vasconcelos

2012-08-01

Full Text Available As pimentas do gênero Capsicum apresentam grande importância para o mercado de condimentos e para o uso ornamental no Brasil. A estimativa da diversidade genética é importante na escolha de progenitores de programa de melhoramento genético. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a eficiência de descritores multicategóricos de flores para estimar a dissimilaridade genética entre acessos de Capsicum chinense, do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma Capsicum, da Embrapa Clima Temperado. O experimento foi realizado no período de agosto de 2009 a março de 2010, no campo experimental da Embrapa Clima Temperado, em blocos ao acaso, utilizando-se 22 acessos, com dez plantas por parcela. Para a caracterização morfológica das flores, foram avaliadas cinco flores de cada planta, de dez plantas por acesso. Foram utilizados 15 descritores, sendo cinco quantitativos e dez qualitativos multicategóricos. Foram realizadas análises de comparação de médias, utilizando-se agrupamento pelos métodos UPGMA e de Tocher, para os dados quantitativos, e agrupamento pelo método de Tocher, para os dados qualitativos. Os acessos estudados apresentam ampla diversidade genética em relação a descritores de flores, existindo grande variabilidade entre os acessos avaliados, o que recomenda seu uso em programas de melhoramento genético. O uso de descritores multicategóricos de flores é eficiente para estimar a dissimilaridade genética entre acessos de Capsicum chinense.

IceCube Gen2. The next-generation neutrino observatory for the South Pole

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santen, Jakob van [DESY, Zeuthen (Germany); Collaboration: IceCube-Collaboration

2016-07-01

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a cubic-kilometer Cherenkov telescope buried in the ice sheet at the South Pole that detects neutrinos of all flavors with energies from tens of GeV to several PeV. The instrument provided the first measurement of the flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, opening a new window to the TeV universe. At the other end of its sensitivity range, IceCube has provided precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters that are competitive with dedicated accelerator-based experiments. Here we present design studies for IceCube Gen2, the next-generation neutrino observatory for the South Pole. Instrumenting a volume of more that 5 km{sup 3} with over 100 new strings, IceCube Gen2 will have substantially greater sensitivity to high-energy neutrinos than current-generation instruments. PINGU, a dense infill array, will lower the energy threshold of the inner detector region to 4 GeV, allowing a determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy. On the surface, a large air shower detector will veto high-energy atmospheric muons and neutrinos from the southern hemisphere, enhancing the reach of astrophysical neutrino searches. With its versatile instrumentation, the IceCube Gen2 facility will allow us to explore the neutrino sky with unprecedented sensitivity, providing new constraints on the sources of the highest-energy cosmic rays, and yield precision data on the mixing and mass ordering of neutrinos.

Aspectos genéticos da SAOS Genetic aspects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriane C. Mesquita Petruco

2010-06-01

Full Text Available A fisiopatologia da SAOS é resultante da interação entre fatores genéticos e ambientais. Os mais importantes fatores de risco são obesidade e idade. Outros fatores relevantes são anormalidades craniofaciais, hipotireoidismo, menopausa e uso de álcool e de sedativos. A hereditariedade tem sido relacionada a SAOS pela a associação de SAOS a níveis de HLA, obesidade, síndromes genéticas, etnias, sonolência excessiva, alteração do controle ventilatório, expressão de mediadores inflamatórios, entre outros. Este capítulo aborda a variabilidade genética e fenotípica da doença, demonstrando sua relevância no entendimento da fisiopatologia e na avaliação clínica de SAOS.The physiopathology of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS results from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. The principal risk factors are obesity and age. Other relevant risk factors are craniofacial abnormalities, hypothyroidism and menopause, as well as the use of alcohol and sedatives. By virtue of its association with factors such as HLA levels, obesity, genetic syndromes, ethnicity, excessive sleepiness, alterations in ventilatory control and expression of inflammatory mediators, OSAS has been related to heritability. This chapter addresses the genetic and phenotypic variability of the disease, showing its relevance in the understanding of the physiopathology and clinical evaluation of OSAS.

25 Años de Historia de la Genética Médica en la Universidad Javeriana.

OpenAIRE

Martalucía Tamayo Fernández

2005-01-01

Libros de Medicina El Instituto de Genética Humana cumple 25 años y casi que no se sintieron, es difícil de creer. Ya han pasado 25 años desde que el Dr. Jaime Bernal Villegas regresara de su doctorado en Inglaterra e iniciara el transcurrir de la Genética Médica en la Universidad Javeriana. Pero lo que muchos desconocen es que esa historia se inició en la Javeriana mucho antes. Hay una historia detrás de la historia. ¿Qué es lo que más nos sorprende de todo ...

Estudio de la expresión genómica en pacientes con inmunodeficiencia común variable

OpenAIRE

José Franco; Pablo Patiño; Julio Orrego

2001-01-01

Existen múltiples entidades que poseen un patrón de herencia desconocido o poligénico, lo cual ha hecho que el análisis genético tradicional sea más complicado y no se logre conocer el funcionamiento celular de forma completa y coherente (1). La genómica funcional es la respuesta a este planteamiento y ha surgido como una disciplina para el entendimiento de las funciones de los genes y sus proteínas asociadas (2). La tecnología más sobresaliente desarrollada hasta la fecha es la de m...

Célula del SMF modificada genéticamente para sobreexpresar NGAL y su uso como medicamento

OpenAIRE

Hotter, Georgina; Jung, Michaela; Solà, Anna M.

2009-01-01

Célula del SMF modificada genéticamente para sobreexpresar NGAL y su uso como medicamento. La presente invención se encuadra dentro del campo de la biomedicina. Específicamente, la presente invención se refiere a una célula del Sistema Mononuclear Fagocítico o SMF, preferiblemente un monocito o un macrófago, modificada genéticamente para sobreexpresar la lipocalina asociada a gelatinasa de neutrófilos (NGAL, en sus siglas en inglés), a un método para su obtención y a s...

Recuento histórico de la Bioética en la Genética Médica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosa María González Salvat

2002-10-01

Full Text Available El trabajo presentado se enmarca en el campo de la bioética dentro de la Genética Médica. Se realiza una revisión de su desarrollo histórico relacionándolo con el surgimiento del asesoramiento genético y su aplicación en los diferentes niveles de atención al paciente.The present paper is within the field of bioethics corresponding to Medical Genetics. A review of its historical development is made, relating it to the appearance of the genetic counselling and to its application at the different health care levels.

A genética dos distúrbios do sono na infância e adolescência

OpenAIRE

Nunes,Magda Lahorgue; Bruni,Oliviero

2008-01-01

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste artigo é revisar a literatura sobre a genética dos distúrbios do sono na infância e adolescência. FONTES DOS DADOS: As palavras-chave "sono" e "genética" foram usadas para pesquisar por artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos no banco de dados MEDLINE. A seguir, seus resumos foram analisados. A pesquisa também incluiu artigos clássicos, com a primeira descrição dos genes. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: A recorrência familiar de muitos distúrbios do sono é um achado freqüente,...

Eventos moleculares, genéticos e inmunológicos durante la interacción VIH-Hombre

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Yábar V

2003-04-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se hace una revisión de los principales estudios realizados en el aspecto genético, molecular e inmunológico de la interacción VIH-Hombre. Del mismo modo, se citan algunos alcances actuales sobre los progresos en el tratamiento contra el SIDA. Finalmente, se plantean estrategias experimentales que podrían ser aplicadas a la realidad peruana y que permitirían responder algunos vacíos sobre los factores genéticos humanos y virales que influyen sobre la transmisión y progresión de la enfermedad.

Development of a real-time fuel cell stack modelling solution with integrated test rig interface for the generic fuel cell modelling environment (GenFC) software

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fraser, S.D.; Monsberger, M.; Hacker, V. [Graz Univ. of Technology, Graz (Austria). Christian Doppler Laboratory for Fuel Cell Systems; Gubner, A.; Reimer, U. [Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich (Germany)

2007-07-01

Since the late 1980s, numerous FC models have been developed by scientists and engineers worldwide to design, control and optimize fuel cells (FCs) and fuel cell (FC) power systems. However, state-of-the-art FC models have only a small range of applications within the versatile field of FC modelling. As fuel cell technology approaches commercialization, the scientific community is faced with the challenge of providing robust fuel cell models that are compatible with established processes in industrial product development. One such process, known as Hardware in the Loop (HiL), requires real-time modelling capability. HiL is used for developing and testing hardware components by adding the complexity of the related dynamic systems with mathematical representations. Sensors and actuators are used to interface simulated and actual hardware components. As such, real-time fuel cell models are among the key elements in the development of the Generic Fuel Cell Modelling Environment (GenFC) software. Six European partners are developing GenFC under the support of the Sixth European Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (FP6). GenFC is meant to increase the use of fuel cell modelling for systems design and to enable cost- and time-efficient virtual experiments for optimizing operating parameters. This paper presented an overview of the GenFC software and the GenFC HiL functionality. It was concluded that GenFC is going to be an extendable software tool providing FC modelling techniques and solutions to a wide range of different FC modelling applications. By combining the flexibility of the GenFC software with this HiL-specific functionality, GenFC is going to promote the use of FC model-based HiL technology in FC system development. 9 figs.

ORF Alignment: NC_005042 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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Parâmetros de desempenho e carcaça de genótipos de frangos tipo caipira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R.C. Veloso

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as características de desempenho e de carcaça de sete genótipos de frangos tipo caipira da linhagem Redbro. Foram utilizados 840 pintos de um dia, machos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, dos seguintes genótipos: Caboclo, Carijó, Colorpak, Gigante Negro, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor. Os frangos foram alojados em 28 boxes, sendo 30 frangos por boxe, em galpão de alvenaria com acesso a um piquete de 45m², em quatro repetições. As características de desempenho (conversão alimentar, ganho em peso médio diário, consumo de ração médio diário foram avaliadas nos períodos: um a 28, um a 56, um a 70 e um a 84 dias de idade. O peso corporal foi avaliado aos 28, 56, 70 e 84 dias de idade. As características de carcaça (peso e rendimento de carcaça, peito e pernas foram obtidas a partir do abate de dois frangos por boxe, aos 85 dias de idade. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando-se o "proc glm" do SAS. Verificou-se que, em todos os períodos, os frangos do genótipo Colorpak apresentaram maior peso corporal, consumo de ração médio diário, ganho em peso médio diário e melhor conversão alimentar. Entretanto, os genótipos Caboclo e Gigante Negro apresentaram menores consumo de ração médio diário, ganho de peso médio diário e pior conversão alimentar. Quanto ao rendimento de cortes, observou-se que os genótipos Caboclo e Gigante Negro apresentaram os menores valores, e o Carijó, Colorpak, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor obtiveram os melhores rendimentos de pernas. Para o rendimento de peito, o Carijó e o Pesadão Vermelho obtiveram os maiores valores. A escolha do genótipo deve ser feita de acordo com o interesse do mercado, pois há diferenças no desempenho e no rendimento de carcaça e dos cortes.

Safeguards Licensing Aspects of a Future Gen IV Test Facility - a Case Study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lindell, M. Aberg; Grape, S.; Hakansson, A.; Svaerd, S. Jacobsson

2010-01-01

The scope of this study covers safeguards licensing aspects of a possible future Gen IV demonstration facility. As a basis for the investigation, the facility was assumed to be located in Sweden, comprising a lead-cooled fast reactor and a reprocessing plant with fuel fabrication. The aim has been to identify safeguards requirements that may be set by the IAEA and the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority, and also to suggest how the safeguards system could be implemented in practice. The changed usage and handling of nuclear fuel, as compared to that of today, has been examined in order to determine how today's safeguards measures can be modified and extended to meet the needs of the demonstration facility. This work is part of GENIUS, the Swedish Gen IV research and development programme, which emphasizes lead-cooled fast reactors. (author)

Biotecnologia aplicada ao melhoramento genético do cafeeiro Biotechnology applied to the genetic improvement of coffee plant

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tâmara Prado de Morais

2011-05-01

Full Text Available O melhoramento genético do cafeeiro mediante técnicas convencionais é trabalhoso e demorado. A biotecnologia oferece estratégias alternativas para auxiliar na multiplicação e no desenvolvimento de novas variedades com resistência a estresses bióticos e abióticos, melhor qualidade de bebida e maturação mais uniforme dos frutos. As técnicas de cultura de tecidos têm possibilitado a obtenção de grande número de plantas e a garantia da uniformidade genética do material. O emprego de marcadores moleculares, principalmente através da seleção assistida, facilitou o rápido progresso do melhoramento genético da cultura, assim como a transformação genética, via cultura e fusão de protoplastos, biobalística ou mediada por Agrobacterium sp. Esta revisão objetiva sumarizar o histórico, situação atual e perspectivas da biotecnologia no melhoramento genético do cafeeiro.Genetic improvement of coffee through classical breeding is laborious and time consuming. Biotechnology offers alternative strategies to assist multiplication and development of new and improved coffee varieties, including those resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses, with better cup quality, and with uniform fruit maturation. Tissue culture techniques have enabled the production of a large number of plants with genetic uniformity. The use of molecular markers, especially through assisted selection, led to rapid progress of coffee plant breeding, as well as the use of genetic transformation by protoplasts culture and fusion, biobalistics, or Agrobacterium-mediated. This review provides a summary of biotechnology history, current situation and directions applied to the genetic improvement of coffee plant.

Big Bang à Genève - French version only

CERN Multimedia

2005-01-01

C'est la dernière conférence du cycle organisé par la section de physique de l'Université de Genève à l'occasion de l'Année internationale de la physique. Pour le bouquet final, la section de physique a choisi le grand boum du Big Bang. Intitulée « Big Bang à Genève », la conférence donnée par Laurent Chevalier de l'institut français CEA Saclay évoquera les expériences qui se préparent au CERN avec le LHC. Leur but est de reproduire et d'analyser les conditions qui prévalaient à l'origine de l'Univers, juste après le Big Bang. L'exposé décrira de façon simple les techniques utilisées pour cette exploration, qui démarrera en 2007. Laurent Chevalier se demandera avec le public quels phénomènes nouveaux les physiciens espèrent découvrir dans ce monde inexploré. Comme les précédentes, la conférence débutera par une démonstration de détection de rayons cosmiques dans l'auditoire et l'utilisation de ces signaux pour créer une « musique cosmique », en collaboration avec le Pr...

Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of the Cherskii’s Sculpin Cottus czerskii and Siberian Taimen Hucho taimen Reveal GenBank Entry Errors: Incorrect Species Identification and Recombinant Mitochondrial Genome

Science.gov (United States)

Balakirev, Evgeniy S; Saveliev, Pavel A; Ayala, Francisco J

2017-01-01

The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome is sequenced in 2 individuals of the Cherskii’s sculpin Cottus czerskii. A surprisingly high level of sequence divergence (10.3%) has been detected between the 2 genomes of C czerskii studied here and the GenBank mt genome of C czerskii (KJ956027). At the same time, a surprisingly low level of divergence (1.4%) has been detected between the GenBank C czerskii (KJ956027) and the Amur sculpin Cottus szanaga (KX762049, KX762050). We argue that the observed discrepancies are due to incorrect taxonomic identification so that the GenBank accession number KJ956027 represents actually the mt genome of C szanaga erroneously identified as C czerskii. Our results are of consequence concerning the GenBank database quality, highlighting the potential negative consequences of entry errors, which once they are introduced tend to be propagated among databases and subsequent publications. We illustrate the premise with the data on recombinant mt genome of the Siberian taimen Hucho taimen (NCBI Reference Sequence Database NC_016426.1; GenBank accession number HQ897271.1), bearing 2 introgressed fragments (≈0.9 kb [kilobase]) from 2 lenok subspecies, Brachymystax lenok and Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis, submitted to GenBank on June 12, 2011. Since the time of submission, the H taimen recombinant mt genome leading to incorrect phylogenetic inferences was propagated in multiple subsequent publications despite the fact that nonrecombinant H taimen genomes were also available (submitted to GenBank on August 2, 2014; KJ711549, KJ711550). Other examples of recombinant sequences persisting in GenBank are also considered. A GenBank Entry Error Depositary is urgently needed to monitor and avoid a progressive accumulation of wrong biological information. PMID:28890653

NextGen Future Safety Assessment Game

Science.gov (United States)

Ancel, Ersin; Gheorghe, Adrian; Jones, Sharon Monica

2011-01-01

The successful implementation of the next generation infrastructure systems requires solid understanding of their technical, social, political and economic aspects along with their interactions. The lack of historical data that relate to the long-term planning of complex systems introduces unique challenges for decision makers and involved stakeholders which in turn result in unsustainable systems. Also, the need to understand the infrastructure at the societal level and capture the interaction between multiple stakeholders becomes important. This paper proposes a methodology in order to develop a holistic approach aiming to provide an alternative subject-matter expert (SME) elicitation and data collection method for future sociotechnical systems. The methodology is adapted to Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) decision making environment in order to demonstrate the benefits of this holistic approach.

Um caso de discriminação genética: o traço falciforme no Brasil Genetic Discrimination: sickle cell trait in Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristiano Guedes

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo discute um caso de discriminação genética envolvendo uma atleta brasileira de voleibol identificada como portadora do traço falciforme. O traço falciforme é uma das características genéticas mais prevalentes na população brasileira, mas não �� descrito como uma doença genética. O avanço da genética clínica vem provocando uma popularização dos testes genéticos em diferentes contextos de promoção da saúde. Ao criticar o argumento da Confederação Brasileira de Vôlei de que o exame para o traço falciforme seria uma medida de proteção à saúde dos atletas, o objetivo do artigo foi demonstrar como a popularização da informação genética não pode prescindir do aconselhamento genético e de garantias éticas. A análise mostrou que a exclusão da atleta da seleção oficial de vôlei não se justificou por medidas de proteção à saúde, mas por discriminação genética.This paper analyses a case of genetic discrimination of a Brazilian volleyball athlete. A routine exam identified the sickle cell trait in her blood. The sickle cell trait is one of the most prevalent genetic information in Brazilian population, but it not considered a genetic disease. The advancement of clinical genetic promotes a popularization of genetic tests in different health care initiatives. The aims of this paper are: 1 to criticize the argument supporting the test for sickle cell trait as a health care initiative; 2 to demonstrate how the popularization of genetic information demands genetic counseling and ethical protections. The analysis demonstrates how the athlete exclusion from the official volleyball team is not supported by medicine and is a case of genetic discrimination.

Genetic architecture of local adaptation in lunar and diurnal emergence times of the marine midge Clunio marinus (Chironomidae, Diptera).

Science.gov (United States)

Kaiser, Tobias S; Heckel, David G

2012-01-01

Circadian rhythms pre-adapt the physiology of most organisms to predictable daily changes in the environment. Some marine organisms also show endogenous circalunar rhythms. The genetic basis of the circalunar clock and its interaction with the circadian clock is unknown. Both clocks can be studied in the marine midge Clunio marinus (Chironomidae, Diptera), as different populations have different local adaptations in their lunar and diurnal rhythms of adult emergence, which can be analyzed by crossing experiments. We investigated the genetic basis of population variation in clock properties by constructing the first genetic linkage map for this species, and performing quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis on variation in both lunar and diurnal timing. The genome has a genetic length of 167-193 centimorgans based on a linkage map using 344 markers, and a physical size of 95-140 megabases estimated by flow cytometry. Mapping the sex determining locus shows that females are the heterogametic sex, unlike most other Chironomidae. We identified two QTL each for lunar emergence time and diurnal emergence time. The distribution of QTL confirms a previously hypothesized genetic basis to a correlation of lunar and diurnal emergence times in natural populations. Mapping of clock genes and light receptors identified ciliary opsin 2 (cOps2) as a candidate to be involved in both lunar and diurnal timing; cryptochrome 1 (cry1) as a candidate gene for lunar timing; and two timeless (tim2, tim3) genes as candidate genes for diurnal timing. This QTL analysis of lunar rhythmicity, the first in any species, provides a unique entree into the molecular analysis of the lunar clock.

Genómica funcional de la elongación transcripcional

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez Gil, Alfonso

2008-01-01

Los principales objetivos de esta Tesis Doctoral son: Desarrollo de un nuevo método para el estudio de la distribución intragénica de la RNA polimerasa II a escala genómica. Aplicación del método desarrollado al estudio de mutantes afectados en la elongación transcripcional. Identificación de nuevos factores que afectan a la elongación transcripcional

Modelo para la determinación de los marcadores genéticos de la respuesta inmunitaria en poblaciones colombianas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edmond J. Yunis

1988-08-01

Full Text Available

Basados en nuestra experiencia, es posible estudiar factores genéticos del complejo mayor de histocompatibilidad (CMH en varias enfermedades inmunológicas, o también factores genéticos que influyen en la falta de respuesta inmunitaria a vacunas como la hepatitis B. Los alelos de diferentes loci del CMH sirven por sí mismos para identificar riesgos para enfermedades o falta de respuesta a vacunas. El bloque de genes del CMH, que pueden existir al nivel de la población, en desequilibrio de enlace genético, es un mayor marcador para estudiar la susceptibilidad genética a enfermedades como las atopías así como también la falta de respuesta a vacunas. Nosotros proponemos que un estudio inmunogenético de poblaciones colombianas, podría utilizarse como control para identificar susceptibilidad genética para el desarrollo de atopías a los ácaros del polvo y a los hongos (mohos, que son alergenos comunes en Colombia. También, la existencia de una gran susceptibilidad para la hepatitis delta en la región norte de Colombia, indica que un estudio inmunogenético de identificación de haplotipos colombianos asociados con la falta de respuesta a la vacuna contra la hepatitis B serían muy útiles.

La identificación de individuos que no responden a vacunas comunes, sugeriría que ellos son más susceptibles a adquirir la hepatitis. En consecuencia, será necesario desarrollar otras vacunas con diferentes ntígenos para proteger a esa población.

Diagnóstico prenatal de mosaicismo 45,X/46,XX con presencia del gen SRY. Presentación de un caso

OpenAIRE

Pedro Alí Díaz-Véliz Jiménez; María Antonia Ocaña Gil; Leydi María Sosa Águila; Belkis Vidal Hernández

2013-01-01

El cariotipo más frecuente del Síndrome de Turner es 45,X, aunque también puede presentarse como mosaico 45,X/46,XX. En el Centro Provincial de Genética Médica de Cienfuegos se le realizó la amniocentesis a una gestante de 42 años de edad, detectándose un mosaico de Síndrome de Turner (45,X/46,XX). Por ultrasonido se diagnosticó un varón, por lo que se envió una muestra de líquido amniótico al Centro Nacional de Genética Médica para corroborarlo y se indicó realizar estudio del gen SRY, cuyo ...

GenToS: Use of Orthologous Gene Information to Prioritize Signals from Human GWAS.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anselm S Hoppmann

Full Text Available Genome-wide association studies (GWAS evaluate associations between genetic variants and a trait or disease of interest free of prior biological hypotheses. GWAS require stringent correction for multiple testing, with genome-wide significance typically defined as association p-value <5*10-8. This study presents a new tool that uses external information about genes to prioritize SNP associations (GenToS. For a given list of candidate genes, GenToS calculates an appropriate statistical significance threshold and then searches for trait-associated variants in summary statistics from human GWAS. It thereby allows for identifying trait-associated genetic variants that do not meet genome-wide significance. The program additionally tests for enrichment of significant candidate gene associations in the human GWAS data compared to the number expected by chance. As proof of principle, this report used external information from a comprehensive resource of genetically manipulated and systematically phenotyped mice. Based on selected murine phenotypes for which human GWAS data for corresponding traits were publicly available, several candidate gene input lists were derived. Using GenToS for the investigation of candidate genes underlying murine skeletal phenotypes in data from a large human discovery GWAS meta-analysis of bone mineral density resulted in the identification of significantly associated variants in 29 genes. Index variants in 28 of these loci were subsequently replicated in an independent GWAS replication step, highlighting that they are true positive associations. One signal, COL11A1, has not been discovered through GWAS so far and represents a novel human candidate gene for altered bone mineral density. The number of observed genes that contained significant SNP associations in human GWAS based on murine candidate gene input lists was much greater than the number expected by chance across several complex human traits (enrichment p-value as

Os fatores genéticos da insônia - Uma revisão de literatura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guilherme Sousa Ferreira

2017-05-01

Full Text Available A insônia é um dos distúrbios do sono caracterizado pela dificuldade em iniciar ou manter o sono. Isso se reflete em um sono de baixa qualidade que pode causar problemas ao longo do dia, como cansaço e falta de energia. Sob essa condição, estão associados alguns fatores genéticos, entre eles os genes ABCC9, 5-HTT e Clock. A presente revisão de literatura tem por objetivo a explanação acerca dos fatores genéticos relacionados com o distúrbio da insônia. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura de forma sistemática, realizada por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico que procura reunir os conhecimentos sobre as características da insônia e sua herança gênica. Encontrou-se uma relevância de achados autorais valiosos para a síntese dessa pesquisa. Portanto, a partir do estudo abordado nessa revisão, torna-se evidente a importância do conhecimento das causas genéticas do distúrbio da insônia para a melhor abordagem clínica, haja vista a relevância desse mecanismo biológico.

Transitioning Resolution Responsibility between the Controller and Automation Team in Simulated NextGen Separation Assurance

Science.gov (United States)

Cabrall, C.; Gomez, A.; Homola, J.; Hunt, S..; Martin, L.; Merccer, J.; Prevott, T.

2013-01-01

As part of an ongoing research effort on separation assurance and functional allocation in NextGen, a controller- in-the-loop study with ground-based automation was conducted at NASA Ames' Airspace Operations Laboratory in August 2012 to investigate the potential impact of introducing self-separating aircraft in progressively advanced NextGen timeframes. From this larger study, the current exploratory analysis of controller-automation interaction styles focuses on the last and most far-term time frame. Measurements were recorded that firstly verified the continued operational validity of this iteration of the ground-based functional allocation automation concept in forecast traffic densities up to 2x that of current day high altitude en-route sectors. Additionally, with greater levels of fully automated conflict detection and resolution as well as the introduction of intervention functionality, objective and subjective analyses showed a range of passive to active controller- automation interaction styles between the participants. Not only did the controllers work with the automation to meet their safety and capacity goals in the simulated future NextGen timeframe, they did so in different ways and with different attitudes of trust/use of the automation. Taken as a whole, the results showed that the prototyped controller-automation functional allocation framework was very flexible and successful overall.

Búsqueda de selección en el polimorfismo 677C>T (c.665C>T) del gen de la metilentetrahidrofolato reductasa (MTHFR) en una población Colombiana

OpenAIRE

Riaño Moreno, Julián Camilo

2014-01-01

Se realizó un estudio genético – poblacional en dos grupos etarios de población colombiana con la finalidad de evaluar las diferencias genéticas relacionadas con el polimorfismo MTHFR 677CT en busca de eventos genéticos que soporten la persistencia de este polimorfismo en la especie humana debido que este ha sido asociado con múltiples enfermedades. De esta manera se genotipificaron los individuos, se analizaron los genotipos, frecuencias alélicas y se realizaron diferentes pruebas genéticas...

International Conference on NextGen Electronic Technologies

CERN Document Server

Thalmann, Nadia; Bhaaskaran, V

2017-01-01

This book is a collection of keynote lectures from international experts presented at International Conference on NextGen Electronic Technologies (ICNETS2-2016). ICNETS2 encompasses six symposia covering all aspects of electronics and communications domains, including relevant nano/micro materials and devices . This volume comprises of recent research in areas like computational signal processing analysis, intelligent embedded systems, nanoelectronic materials and devices, optical and microwave technologies, VLSI design: circuits systems and application, and wireless communication networks, and the internet of things. The contents of this book will be useful to researchers, professionals, and students working in the core areas of electronics and their applications, especially to signal processing, embedded systems, and networking.

Detección de alteraciones numéricas en el gen dys y su asociación con rasgos clínicos

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Alejandra Mampel

2011-04-01

Full Text Available La distrofia muscular de Duchenne/Becker (DMD/B es una miopatía hereditaria grave y progresiva. Se relaciona con alteraciones en el gen DYS, ubicado en el cromosoma X, que codifica para la proteína distrofina. Distintas manifestaciones pueden observarse según el impacto de la alteración genética sobre la proteína. Los registros internacionales de mutaciones refieren una elevada frecuencia (65-70% de deleciones/duplicaciones de uno o más exones del gen DYS. En este trabajo presentamos el estudio de alteraciones numéricas en los 79 exones del gen DYS. El estudio fue realizado en 59 individuos pertenecientes a 31 familias no relacionadas. La metodología utilizada fue Multiplex Ligation Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA. En los 31 casos independientes se estableció además el score clínico, se realizó el test de Raven y se determinaron los valores de creatininfosfoquinasa (CPK en sangre. Nuestros datos revelan una frecuencia de alteraciones numéricas en el gen DYS del 61.3%, provocando un corrimiento del marco de lectura en el 100% de los casos. Se observó una región con mayor tendencia a presentar alteraciones que involucran un solo exón. La tasa de mutación de novo identificada fue del 35.2%. Se halló, a su vez, una asociación significativa entre afectados con alteraciones numéricas y valores del test de Raven de bajo rendimiento. Estos resultados aportan datos a los conocimientos regionales sobre las alteraciones genéticas y su impacto fenotípico en la enfermedad de Duchenne/Becker.

Parâmetros e tendência genética da produção de leite de cabra no Brasil

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Gonçalves Heraldo Cesar

2002-01-01

Full Text Available A caprinocultura leiteira no Brasil, apesar de ser uma atividade rural consolidada há algumas décadas, tem se mostrado totalmente dependente de outros países no que se refere ao melhoramento genético. A maioria dos plantéis existentes atualmente tem como base animais importados, e a renovação do material genético é feita por meio da importação de sêmen. Inexistem informações sobre o valor genético dos animais e sua evolução no decorrer dos anos. No presente trabalho, foram estimadas a herdabilidade e a repetibilidade da produção de leite utilizando o REML. Os valores obtidos foram 0,21557 e 0,21564, respectivamente. Para a predição do valor gênico dos animais, foi usado o procedimento BLUP com modelo animal. A mudança na tendência genética anual estimada por um modelo quadrático foi -0,8109 kg/ano², indicando desaceleração no ganho genético. A correlação de Pearson entre os valores gênicos dos bodes estimados com base na média da capacidade provável de produção das filhas obtida pelo método de mínimos quadrados com as estimadas pelas equações do modelo misto foi de 0,5751. A correlação de SPEARMAN entre as classificações dos bodes obtidos pelos dois métodos foi de 0,5813.

Modeling and Evaluating Pilot Performance in NextGen: Review of and Recommendations Regarding Pilot Modeling Efforts, Architectures, and Validation Studies

Science.gov (United States)

Wickens, Christopher; Sebok, Angelia; Keller, John; Peters, Steve; Small, Ronald; Hutchins, Shaun; Algarin, Liana; Gore, Brian Francis; Hooey, Becky Lee; Foyle, David C.

2013-01-01

NextGen operations are associated with a variety of changes to the national airspace system (NAS) including changes to the allocation of roles and responsibilities among operators and automation, the use of new technologies and automation, additional information presented on the flight deck, and the entire concept of operations (ConOps). In the transition to NextGen airspace, aviation and air operations designers need to consider the implications of design or system changes on human performance and the potential for error. To ensure continued safety of the NAS, it will be necessary for researchers to evaluate design concepts and potential NextGen scenarios well before implementation. One approach for such evaluations is through human performance modeling. Human performance models (HPMs) provide effective tools for predicting and evaluating operator performance in systems. HPMs offer significant advantages over empirical, human-in-the-loop testing in that (1) they allow detailed analyses of systems that have not yet been built, (2) they offer great flexibility for extensive data collection, (3) they do not require experimental participants, and thus can offer cost and time savings. HPMs differ in their ability to predict performance and safety with NextGen procedures, equipment and ConOps. Models also vary in terms of how they approach human performance (e.g., some focus on cognitive processing, others focus on discrete tasks performed by a human, while others consider perceptual processes), and in terms of their associated validation efforts. The objectives of this research effort were to support the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in identifying HPMs that are appropriate for predicting pilot performance in NextGen operations, to provide guidance on how to evaluate the quality of different models, and to identify gaps in pilot performance modeling research, that could guide future research opportunities. This research effort is intended to help the FAA

Acceso a recursos genéticos y distribución de beneficios en Colombia: desafíos del régimen normativo

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Luciana Carla Silvestri

2016-06-01

Full Text Available La investigación analiza los retos que presenta el régimen colombiano sobre acceso a recursos genéticos y distribución de beneficios mediante la utilización del método jurídico, con un enfoque descriptivo, comparativo y propositivo. El mecanismo de acceso y distribución de beneficios pretende desacelerar la pérdida de diversidad genética, entre otros fines. El marco legal se encuentra incompleto y no sistematizado. Asimismo, el procedimiento de acceso a recursos genéticos surge burocrático e ineficiente y obstaculiza así la investigación de la biodiversidad del país. Afortunadamente, la reciente simplificación del procedimiento para investigar recursos genéticos con fines no comerciales podría ayudar a resolver el mencionado problema para este tipo de proyectos. Además, la consulta previa articulada para el acceso a recursos genéticos ubicados en territorios de las comunidades indígenas y negras no garantiza la efectiva participación de aquellas. Por último, las medidas de cumplimiento establecidas, que circunscriben el control al acatamiento de la legislación colombiana y la de los países andinos, no satisfacen las disposiciones del Protocolo de Nagoya al respecto.

La fiction de Madame de Genlis, espace d’interrogation

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Isabelle Tremblay

2013-09-01

Full Text Available The novel constitutes an ideal genre in which to discuss a central question in the eighteenth century: virtue. As opposed to her contemporaries, Mme de Genlis depicts virtue as a state of mind attained through independence and self-confidence rather than through the atonement of one’s faults. How do her heroines realize their potential? Are they able to find a middle ground between their perception of their roles and identity and the expectations that weigh on them? What paths are available to them?

Respuesta del Tumor Venéreo Transmisible Canino a Presentaciones de Vincristina de Patente y Genérica

OpenAIRE

Susana Miguel De la Cruz

2015-01-01

El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar la respuesta de perros infectados naturalmente con el Tumor Venéreo Transmisible (TVTc) al tratamiento con vincristina comercial de patente y genérica. Se trabajó con 12 perros infectados naturalmente y con diagnóstico por citología y PCR. Los perros fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un tratamiento semanal con 0.025 mg/kg de vincristina de patente comercial o de tipo genérico, hasta que dos citologías consecutivas resultaran negativas. Se hicieron...

EVALUATION DE LA SENSIBILITE A Bemisia tabaci (GEN) DE 13 ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AISA

champ, le comportement de 13 variétés de tomate contre la pression de Bemisia tabaci (Gen), une mouche vecteur du virus de la jaunisse en cuillère des ... en saison sèche il y a une vingtaine d'années atteignaient 100 % et les pertes de production ... semaines. Le semis s'est effectué sur une planche de 9 m2 (9 x 1 m2).

Cordiamyia globosa gen.n. e sp.n. (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Cecidomyiidi associado com Cordia Verbenacea DC. (Boraginaceae no Brasil Cordiamyia globosa gen.n. and sp.n. (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae associated with Cordia verbekacea DC. (Boraginaceae in Brazil

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Valéria Cid Maia

1996-01-01

Full Text Available Cordiamyia globosa gen.n., sp.n. (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Cecidomyiidi associated with Cordia verbenacea (Boraginaceae, in Brazil, is described and illustrated (larva, pupa, male, female and gall.

Epidemiología genética de la artritis reumatoide: ¿qué esperar de América Latina?

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Angélica María Delgado-Vega

2006-12-01

Full Text Available La artritis reumatoide es una enfermedad sistémica autoinmune, crónica, que afecta principalmente las articulaciones que tienen movimiento. La enfermedad es mucho más frecuente en mujeres y su prevalencia en la población latinoamericana es cercana al 0,5%. La existencia de agregación familiar (ls= 2-17 indica su carácter hereditario. Sin embargo, la herencia de la artritis reumatoide es poligénica y no sigue un patrón mendeliano. La importancia de encontrar factores genéticos asociados con la artritis reumatoide radica en la contribución a la comprensión de los mecanismos patogénicos de la enfermedad, su posible aplicación clínica como marcadores de riesgo, diagnóstico, pronóstico, e incluso, blanco terapéutico. Mapeos genéticos llevados a cabo en diversas poblaciones en busca de loci y genes candidatos han identificado la región HLA como aquella con mayor evidencia de ligamento. Sin embargo, su fracción etiológica corresponde sólo a un tercio de la susceptibilidad genética de la enfermedad. Esto indica que genes diferentes al HLA también están implicados en la susceptibilidad a desarrollar artritis reumatoide. En Latinoamérica, los alelos HLA-RB1*0404 y TNF -308A han sido asociados de manera uniforme con la artritis reumatoide. En el presente artículo se revisan los factores genéticos de la artritis reumatoide en el marco de una aproximación lógica y ordenada establecida por la epidemiología genética, y se ofrecen algunas recomendaciones para futuros estudios en poblaciones latinoamericanas.

GenNon-h: Generating multiple sequence alignments on nonhomogeneous phylogenetic trees

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Kedzierska Anna M

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background A number of software packages are available to generate DNA multiple sequence alignments (MSAs evolved under continuous-time Markov processes on phylogenetic trees. On the other hand, methods of simulating the DNA MSA directly from the transition matrices do not exist. Moreover, existing software restricts to the time-reversible models and it is not optimized to generate nonhomogeneous data (i.e. placing distinct substitution rates at different lineages. Results We present the first package designed to generate MSAs evolving under discrete-time Markov processes on phylogenetic trees, directly from probability substitution matrices. Based on the input model and a phylogenetic tree in the Newick format (with branch lengths measured as the expected number of substitutions per site, the algorithm produces DNA alignments of desired length. GenNon-h is publicly available for download. Conclusion The software presented here is an efficient tool to generate DNA MSAs on a given phylogenetic tree. GenNon-h provides the user with the nonstationary or nonhomogeneous phylogenetic data that is well suited for testing complex biological hypotheses, exploring the limits of the reconstruction algorithms and their robustness to such models.

Defluviimonas denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., and Pararhodobacter aggregans gen. nov., sp. nov., non-phototrophic Rhodobacteraceae from the biofilter of a marine aquaculture

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Foesel, Bärbel U.; Drake, Harold L.; Schramm, Andreas

2011-01-01

Three Gram-negative bacterial strains were isolated from the biofilter of a recirculating marine aquaculture. They were non-pigmented rods, mesophiles, moderately halophilic, and showed chemoorganoheterotrophic growth on various sugars, fatty acids, and amino acids, with oxygen as electron acceptor......, but clearly separate from, the genera Rhodobacter, Rhodovulum, and Rhodobaca. Based on morphological, physiological, and 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic characteristics, the isolated strains are proposed as new species of two novel genera, Defluviimonas denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov. (type strain D9-3T = DSM...

EFEKTIVITAS METODE TRANSFEKSI DALAM TRANSFER GEN PADA ZIGOT IKAN CUPANG ALAM (WILD BETTA, Betta imbellis

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Anjang Bangun Prasetio

2013-08-01

dan 3:1 dengan jumlah ulangan masing-masing sebanyak enam kali. Sebagai kontrol, ditambahkan juga perlakuan non transfeksi (non transgenik yaitu tanpa penyisipan gen GFP maupun RFP. Pengamatan dilakukan sejak perkembangan zigot mulai dari penghitungan derajat penetasan (HR dan sintasan larva (SR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah dilakukan transfeksi tidak memperlihatkan pola yang jelas dari setiap perlakuan, namun secara umum tidak berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol non transgenik. PCR pada embrio dan larva menunjukkan hasil positif di mana DNA teramplifikasi pada ukuran sekitar 0,6 kb untuk beberapa ulangan. Dari hasil yang diperoleh ini dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa metode transfeksi efektif digunakan untuk transfer gen ikan cupang alam, wild betta (Betta imbellis.

Estructura genética de un grupo de capibaras, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Rodentia: Hydrocheridae en los Llanos orientales colombianos

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Adriana Maldonado-Chaparro

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Los capibaras son los roedores más grandes del mundo, sin embargo, no se han realizado estudios genético poblacionales exhaustivos con ellos. En el presente trabajo se analizó la estructura genética de una manada de 31 capibaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris muestreada en Hato Corozal, Departamento de Casanare en los Llanos Orientales de Colombia, mediante cinco marcadores microsatelitales. La diversidad genética se determinó en 0.61 y un número promedio de alelos de 5.2, lo cual se puede considerar medio-bajo para este tipo de marcadores. De los cinco marcadores empleados, tres mostraron proporciones genotípicas en concordancia con lo esperado en equilibrio Hardy-Weinberg, mientras que un marcador mostró un exceso significativo de homocigotos y otro un exceso significativo de heterocigotos. No se encontraron diferencias significativas para esos cinco marcadores entre machos y hembras de la manada muestreada. La aplicación de diferentes procedimientos para detectar posibles cambios demográficos históricos (expansiones poblacionales o cuellos de botella mostró claramente que la población analizada ha pasado por un cuello de botella extremadamente fuerte en épocas recientes. La limitada variabilidad genética encontrada y la fuerte evidencia de que la manada estudiada ha pasado por un cuello de botella reciente es probablemente el resultado de la cacería ilegal.

Asociación entre el polimorfismo genético de la apolipoproteína E (ApoE y la enfermedad de Parkinson

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Victoria Marca

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Introducción: En nuestro país, con el incremento en la esperanza de vida, existe una tendencia creciente de enfermedades neurodegenerativas, por lo que se hace necesario realizar estudios sobre factores de riesgo genético en personas afectadas con la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP, entre ellos el gen de la apolipoproteína E (ApoE, ya que esta asociación es desconocida en nuestra población. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación del polimorfismo en el gen ApoE con la EP. Diseño: Estudio asociativo, observacional tipo casos y controles. Lugar: Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú. Participantes: Personas de ambos sexos, 163 pacientes con la EP y 176 controles. Intervenciones: Extracción de ADN genómico según metodología estándar. Análisis del gen APOE mediante técnica PCR-RFLP. Principales medidas de resultados: Frecuencias genotípicas y alélicas del gen ApoE en los casos y controles, medidas de asociación y de riesgo. Resultados: No se encontró diferencias significativas entre el grupo control y los pacientes según genotipo de ApoE. La frecuencia del alelo ε4 fue similar en pacientes y en controles. El odds ratio para el alelo ε4 de la ApoE fue 1,0852 (IC 95%: 0,5812 a 2,0266. La edad de inicio de la EP no tuvo relaciσn con los genotipos ApoE. Conclusiones: El alelo ε4 de la ApoE no podrνa ser considerado un factor de riesgo para la EP, y los genotipos de la ApoE no se asociaron con la edad de inicio en esta muestra evaluada.

Resistência de genótipos de batata a Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller

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Lopes Maria Teresa do Rêgo

2001-01-01

Full Text Available A traça Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller é considerada atualmente uma das principais pragas da batata. O uso de resistência varietal para controle desse inseto é uma alternativa promissora, mas que ainda precisa ser melhor pesquisada. A resistência de genótipos de batata à traça foi avaliada, em condições de laboratório, analisando-se o efeito de folhas e tubérculos sobre a biologia do inseto. Comparou-se também o desenvolvimento da traça em folhas de batata e tomate. Os experimentos foram conduzidos com os clones de batata NYL 235-4 e N 140-201 (ambos com tricomas glandulares tipo A nas folhas, as cultivares Aracy, Apuã e Itararé e a cultivar de tomate Santa Clara. Os insetos foram criados em folíolos e tubérculos dos genótipos, avaliando-se a duração e a viabilidade das fases larval e pupal e o peso de pupas. O desenvolvimento do inseto não foi afetado nas folhas dos genótipos de batata, mesmo nos materiais com tricomas glandulares. Entretanto, em folhas de tomate houve aumento do período larval e diminuição do peso de pupas, sendo este substrato menos favorável ao desenvolvimento da traça quando comparado às folhas de batata. Em testes com tubérculos, o clone NYL 235-4 apresentou resistência a P. operculella, provocando redução significativa na viabilidade larval e alongamento desta fase. O clone N 140-201 afetou o desenvolvimento do inseto de forma menos pronunciada, alongando a fase larval.

Organismos modificados genéticamente: una nueva amenaza para la seguridad alimentaria

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Liliane Spendeler

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza todos los aspectos referentes a la seguridad alimentaria relacionados con la introducción de los organismos modificados genéticamente en la agricultura y la alimentación. Se discuten las incertidumbres asociadas a la inserción de genes extra- ños en organismos, facilitando ejemplos de efectos imprevistos e indeseados y de inestabilidades de los organismos así fabricados artificialmente. Luego se aportan datos tanto de agencias oficiales como de la literatura existente, que cuestionan la seriedad y fiabilidad de los análisis de riesgo sobre la inocuidad para la salud de estos organismos y se discute la falta casi absoluta de estudios científicos que analicen la seguridad/peligrosidad de los alimentos transgénicos para la salud. Dadas todas estas incógnitas, se tienen que tomar en cuenta otros factores, en particular la contaminación genética de los cultivos no modificados genéticamente, que empieza a ser generalizada en algunas partes del mundo. No poder dar marcha atrás en caso de problemas resulta irresponsable. Otros elementos importantes son los impactos sobre el medio ambiente (como la aparición de resistencias en insectos, la pérdida de biodiversidad, el aumento de los productos químicos empleados con repercusiones indirectas sobre la salud y/o la futura producción de alimentos. Por último se introducen elementos de discusión sobre la seguridad alimentaria en términos de disponibilidad de alimentos y soberanía alimentaria, dado que el mercado de las semillas transgénicas y los agroquímicos asociados está copado por cinco grandes empresas transnacionales. La conclusi ón hace un análisis de la contribución de la agricultura biotecnoló- gica a la sostenibilidad.

Grand résumé de Le Réel et le virtuel. Genèse de la compréhension, genèse de l’action, Genève-Paris, Librairie Droz, 2009

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André Petitat

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Au tournant linguistique et à ses avatars structuralistes a succédé un tournant cognitiviste mettant l’accent sur les compétences de l’acteur. Mon livre Le Réel et le virtuel est issu de la curiosité d’un sociologue pour certaines recherches psychologiques relatives à la genèse de la compréhension de l’action chez l’enfant, notamment pour celles du courant dit de la théorie de l’esprit. À l’heure où la sociologie compréhensive domine le paysage sociologique et où l’individu y occupe le devant...

Caracterização físico-química de frutos de genótipos de aceroleira (Malpighia emarginata D.C.

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Maria Inês Sucupira Maciel

2010-12-01

Full Text Available No Brasil, a aceroleira, decorrente principalmente da propagação por sementes, tem dado origem a plantios comerciais cujos frutos apresentam parâmetros de qualidade diferenciados. Características físico-químicas de frutos de 18 genótipos de aceroleira (Malpighia emarginata DC. do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE foram avaliados. O rendimento em polpa variou de 41,06% (PL 40 a 72,54% (PL 43 e, com exceção do genótipo PL 37, os demais apresentaram frutos com teores de ácido ascórbico superiores a 1000 mg.100 g-1. O genótipo PL 39 destacou-se por apresentar o maior teor de ácido ascórbico (1667 mg.100 g-1, SST e flavonóis (15,04 mg.100 g-1, além de elevado teor de antocianinas, sendo, portanto, o mais promissor. Os frutos do genótipo PL 34 revelaram o maior valor de SST/ATT, indicando ser o mais doce

Análisis de la diversidad genética de 21 aislamientos del hongo Moniliophthora roreri basado en marcadores RAPD

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Boris Gutarra Castillo

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Estudiar la diversidad genética de 21 aislamientos del hongo que afecta al cultivo del cacao, Moniliophthora roreri, en tres zonas cacaoteras del Perú (Tocache, Mariscal Cáceres y Leoncio Prado. Métodos: Se utilizó 14 iniciadores RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA polimórficos y una pareja de oligonucleótidos, los que fueron empleados bajo condiciones de amplificación estandarizadas. Con los datos obtenidos se construyó un dendograma utilizando el coeficiente de Jaccard y el algoritmo UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-Group Method using Arithmetic Average. La estructura genética fue estimada en función del análisis molecular de variancia (AMOVA y la diversidad mediante los índices de Shannon y Nei. Resultados: Fueron conseguidas 59 bandas RAPD con un 73% de polimorfismo. El dendograma obtenido a un índice de similitud de 0,70, claramente dividió los individuos en tres grupos. El análisis de la diversidad genética mostró altos valores en las zonas estudiadas de acuerdo con el índice de Shannon (0,3936 y de Nei (0,2622, con mayor riqueza en Leoncio Prado. Estas zonas presentan alta variabilidad, y según el AMOVA realizado: 88% entre accesiones por zona y solo 12% entre zonas. Conclusiones: Existe más de un grupo genético de Moniliophthora roreri en la Amazonía del Perú. Estos grupos, provenientes del Ecuador, pudieron haber ingresado por el intercambio de semillas y/o de forma natural por medio de los ríos en común y estarían originando nuevos grupos genéticos locales.

European project SARGEN IV: safety approach and assessment of GEN IV reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ammirabile, L.

2013-01-01

• SARGEN I V has elaborated a proposal for the harmonization of safety assessment practices for GEN IV NPP. • An overall reinforcement of DiD is expected for GEN I V NPP, including improved independence between all levels of DiD. • An inherent approach should reinforce the fulfillment of fundamental safety functions e.g. the consequences for some situations should be reduced and the grace periods should be extended. For the same reason, the use of passive systems can be envisaged. • The need of complementary and integrated deterministic and probabilistic approaches is reiterated. • Methodologies: Some of them are not yet applied. • Assessment of hazards would be a challenging aspect of next generation of NPP safety assessment and should be improved, which is confirmed by the first insights of Fukushima Daiichi TEPCO reactors accidents. • Provisions to cope with extreme events notably to improve the grace period before cliff-edge effects and thus allowing back-up measures to be implemented have to be defined and should be considered as hardened equipments

Errata: “Teoría y experimento en Genética Mendeliana"

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Editor Theoria

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Por un error de imprenta, no aparecieron publicadas en color las figuras del artículo de Mario Casa-nueva y Diego Méndez “Teoría y experimento en Genética Mendeliana: una exposición en imágenes”, publicado en Theoria, 2008, Vol. 23/3, Nº 63, 285-306. Dado que la impresión en color era necesaria para la comprensión del artículo, las reproducimos aquí con nuestras disculpas a los autores y lectores. Due to a mistake in the printing process, the following figures were not reproduced in colour in Mario Casanueva and Diego Méndez's article “Teoría y experimento en Genética Mendeliana: una exposi-ción en imágenes”, published in Theoria, 2008, Vol. 23/3, Nº 63, 285-306. Given that the im-ages in colour were necessary to understand the article, the reader will find here a correct printing, to-gether with our apologies.

Associação entre polimorfismos genéticos e transtorno bipolar

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Verônica de Medeiros Alves

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Transtorno bipolar (TB é uma doença comum que afeta aproximadamente 1% da população. Apresenta características crônicas e agudas graves, com índices de remissão de baixa e alta prevalência de comorbidades clínicas e psiquiátricas. O objetivo do presente artigo é sintetizar dados de vários artigos que investigaram polimorfismos genéticos associados com TB. Dentre os 129 artigos selecionados, identificaram-se 79 (85,87% genes associados com TB. Essa análise identificou cinco genes que são os mais citados na literatura: CANAC1C, DAOA, TPH2, ANK3 e DISC1. Dos 92 genes identificados nesses artigos, 33 (35,87% não mostraram associação com TB. Essa análise mostrou que, apesar dos avanços recentes com relação ao papel do polimorfismo genético na predisposição para TB, mais pesquisas ainda são necessárias para elucidar sua influência sobre esse transtorno.

Mechanical characterization tests of the X2-Gen fuel assembly and skeleton

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Hyung Kyu; Yoon, Kyung Ho; Lee, Kang Hee; Kim, Jae Yong; Lee, Young Ho; Kang, Heung Seok

2011-01-01

The KNF (KEPCO Nuclear Fuel) requested mechanical characterization tests of a fuel assembly and a skeleton of the X2-Gen fuel. The tests consisted of the lateral vibration and lateral/axial stiffness, lateral/axial impact and combined deflection tests carried out by using the FAMeCT (Fuel Assembly Mechanical Characterization Tester) in KAERI. The upper and lower core plate simulators were newly designed and manufactured because the fuel geometry of the X2-Gen was different from the KSNP type fuel assembly. In addition to this, the upper carriage was also revised with the LM guide system from the previous two guide rods system. Therefore, the axial and combined deflection tests were soundly executed. Each test was repeated twice to confirm the repeatability. The discrepancy from the repetition was small enough to be neglected. The mechanical characterization tests were accredited with the KOLAS (Korea Laboratory Accreditation Scheme) standard, and the certified test reports (lateral vibration, lateral/axial bending and lateral/axial impact) and the uncertified test report (combined deflection) were issued together with the current test result report

Tadaridanema delicatus (Schwartz, 1927) n. gen., n. comb. (Trichostrongylina: Molineidae) parasite of Molossidae bats.

Science.gov (United States)

Falcón-Ordaz, Jorge; Guzmán-Cornejo, Carmen; García-Prieto, Luis; Gardner, Scott Lyell

2006-10-01

On the basis of the revision of the type material of Anoplostrongylus delicatus Schwartz, 1927, and new specimens collected from Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana (Saussure, 1860) in 4 arid localities from Mexico, we describe a new genus (Tadaridanema n. gen.), to which A. delicatus is transferred (as Tadaridanema delicatus (Schwartz, 1927) n. gen., n. comb.). This new genus differs from all other genera included in Anoplostrongylinae by having ray 2 larger than ray 3. In addition, T. delicatus can be differentiated from the type species of Anoplostrongylus (Anoplostrongylus paradoxus (Travassos, 1918)) because it possess vestibular branches equal in length, cephalic inflation divided into 2 regions, and synlophe with many small ridges at the midbody level, whereas in T. delicatus, vestibular branches are equal in size, cephalic inflation is simple in structure, and the synlophe has only 2 well-developed dorsal cuticular ridges.

Parametric Modeling of the Safety Effects of NextGen Terminal Maneuvering Area Conflict Scenarios

Science.gov (United States)

Rogers, William H.; Waldron, Timothy P.; Stroiney, Steven R.

2011-01-01

The goal of this work was to analytically identify and quantify the issues, challenges, technical hurdles, and pilot-vehicle interface issues associated with conflict detection and resolution (CD&R)in emerging operational concepts for a NextGen terminal aneuvering area, including surface operations. To this end, the work entailed analytical and trade studies focused on modeling the achievable safety benefits of different CD&R strategies and concepts in the current and future airport environment. In addition, crew-vehicle interface and pilot performance enhancements and potential issues were analyzed based on review of envisioned NextGen operations, expected equipage advances, and human factors expertise. The results of perturbation analysis, which quantify the high-level performance impact of changes to key parameters such as median response time and surveillance position error, show that the analytical model developed could be useful in making technology investment decisions.

An evaluation of the metabolic syndrome in the HyperGEN study

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Lewis Cora E

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background In 2001 the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP provided a categorical definition for metabolic syndrome (c-MetS. We studied the extent to which two ethnic groups, Blacks and Whites were affected by c-MetS. The groups were members of the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN, a part of the Family Blood Pressure Program, supported by the NHLBI. Although the c-MetS definition is of special interest in particular to the clinicians, the quantitative latent traits of the metabolic syndrome (MetS are also important in order to gain further understanding of its etiology. In this study, quantitative evaluation of the MetS latent traits (q-MetS was based on the statistical multivariate method factor analysis (FA. Results The prevalence of the c-MetS was 34% in Blacks and 39% in Whites. c-MetS showed predominance of obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Three and four factor domains were identified through FA, classified as "Obesity," "Blood pressure," "Lipids," and "Central obesity." They explained approximately 60% of the variance in the 11 original variables. Two factors classified as "Obesity" and "Central Obesity" overlapped when FA was performed without rotation. All four factors in FA with Varimax rotation were consistent between Blacks and Whites, between genders and also after excluding type 2 diabetes (T2D participants. Fasting insulin (INS associated mainly with obesity and lipids factors. Conclusions MetS in the HyperGEN study has a compound phenotype with separate domains for obesity, blood pressure, and lipids. Obesity and its relationship to lipids and insulin is clearly the dominant factor in MetS. Linkage analysis on factor scores for components of MetS, in familial studies such as HyperGEN, can assist in understanding the genetic pathways for MetS and their interactions with the environment, as a first step in identifying the underlying pathophysiological causes of this syndrome.

Estudio de bioequivalencia del ibuprofeno genérico 400mg tabletas

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Ofelia Villalva-Rojas

2007-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Determinar la biodisponibilidad de dos formulaciones de ibuprofeno 400mg tabletas, para establecer si el medicamento multifuente (genérico es bioequivalente al de referencia (Motrin® 400mg. Materiales y métodos. Se diseñó un estudio abierto, randomizado, cruzado, dos periodos, con siete días de lavado, con 12 voluntarios sanos de ambos sexos, entre 21 y 48 años, quienes ingirieron una tableta del medicamento genérico o de referencia, según randomización, con 200mL de agua. Luego de ingerir el medicamento se colectó 4mL de sangre por voluntario para la cuantificación plasmática de ibuprofeno. Las muestras de plasma se analizaron por cromatografía líquida acoplada al espectrofotómetro de masas (LC-MS/MS con ionización electrospray ión negativo, aplicando monitoreo de reacción selectiva. La bioequivalencia se determinó con los parámetros farmacocinéticos de área bajo la curva AUC(0-t, AUC(0-∞ y concentración máxima (Cmax. Resultados. Según análisis estadístico, se encontraron: AUCmultifuente(0-t = 86,85 (μg*h/ mL, AUCRef.(0-t= 81,20 (μg*h/mL, AUCmultifuente(0-∞= 88,67 (μg*h/mL, AUCRef.(0-∞= 82,83(μg*h/mL, Cmαxmultifuente = 17,70 ug/mL, CmαxRef. =18,09 μg/mL, con rango de 0,93-1,24 para AUC(0-t, 0,93-1,24 para AUC(0-∞ y 0,81-1,19 para Cmax. Conclusión. Los valores encontrados de ibuprofeno están dentro de los requisitos de la OMS y la FDA, para establecer bioequivalencia (0,80-1,25, demostrándose que el ibuprofeno genérico es bioequivalente al de referencia en velocidad y cantidad de ibuprofeno absorbido en el organismo.

Genética poblacional de cobayas de Colombia, Cavia spp. (Rodentia: Caviidae con marcadores moleculares RAPD

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Héctor Aníbal Campos

2008-09-01

Full Text Available En el presente estudio, mostramos los primeros resultados moleculares de formas colombianas de Cavia. Claramente, la población silvestre de C. anolaimae fue genéticamente diferenciada de la forma doméstica, C. porcellus, tal como ha sido demostrado por otros autores utilizando resultados morfométricos, osteológicos y cariotípicos. Ambas especies mostraron un considerable nivel de diversidad genética, aunque el segundo taxon mostró niveles mayores de esta diversidad. Los niveles de heterogeneidad genética también fueron mayores entre las poblaciones de C. porcellus (F ST = 0.254 que entre las poblaciones de C. anolaimae (F ST = 0.118. Esos niveles significativos de heterogeneidad genética, y los consiguientes bajos niveles de flujo génico, fueron discutidos comparativamente con los resultados por otros autores analizando otros marcadores moleculares (citocromo-b mitocondrial. Los resultados aquí mostrados son coherentes con un complejo proceso de domesticación en Cavia porcellus.Population genetics of Colombian Guinea Pigs, Cavia spp. (Rodentia: Caviidae with RAPD molecular markers. The genus Cavia occurs in South America, mainly in grasslands.. We collected blood samples from 97 individuals in six field populations and analyzed them with RAPD molecular markers. One wild type (C. anolaimae was differentiated from the domestic form (C. porcellus, in agreement with other authors who used morphological, osteological and karyotipic results. Genetic diversity was considerable in both species, but higher in C. porcellus. The levels of genetic heterogeneity were also higher among the populations of C. porcellus (F ST = 0.254 than among the populations of C. anolaimae (F ST = 0.118. These significant levels of genetic heterogeneity, and the low levels of gene flow, were consistent with a complex domestication process for Cavia porcellus. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (3: 1481-1501. Epub 2008 September 30.

Simulating GenCo bidding strategies in electricity markets with an agent-based model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Botterud, Audun; Thimmapuram, Prakash R.; Yamakado, Malo

2005-01-01

In this paper we use an agent-based simulation model, EMCAS, to analyze market power in electricity markets. We focus on the effect of congestion management on the ability of generating companies (GenCos) to raise prices beyond competitive levels. An 11-node test power system is used to compare a market design based on locational marginal pricing with a market design that uses system marginal pricing and congestion management by counter trading. Bidding strategies based on both physical and economic withholding are compared to a base case with production cost bidding. The results show that unilateral market power is exercised under both pricing mechanisms. However, the largest changes in consumer costs and GenCo profits due to strategic bidding occur under the locational marginal pricing scheme. The analysis also illustrates that agent-based modeling can contribute important insights into the complex interactions between the participants in transmission-constrained electricity markets. (Author)

Genetic control of cowpea seed sizes Controle genético do tamanho das sementes de caupi

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Francisco Cláudio da Conceição Lopes

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L. Walp.] is one of the most widely adapted grain legumes in hot regions of Africa, Asia and the Americas. In the semiarid Northeast of Brazil, it is the main subsistence crop, an excellent protein source of low cost, for the poor population. The objective of this work was to estimate genetic parameters to understand the inheritance of seed sizes in cowpea. The parents P1 and P2 and the generations, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 of the cross TVx5058-09C X Manteiguinha formed the genetic material for this study. These six generates (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC were evaluated in a completely randomized block-design with six replications, in Teresina - PI, Brazil, in 1998. The genetic parameters estimated were: phenotypic and total genetic variance, additive and dominance genetic components of variance and the variance attributed to the environment, heritability in the broad and narrow senses, average degree of dominance and the number of genes controlling the character. The additive - dominance model fitted the data for 100-seeds weight in as much as the midparental value and the additive effect were the more important genetic parameters for the determination of this character. The number of genes that control its expression is five. The occurrence of high values for narrow sense heritability indicates that the selection for seed size can be made in early generations.Caupi [Vigna unguiculata (L. Walp.] é uma das leguminosas mais adaptadas às regiões quentes da África, Ásia e das Américas. No semi-árido do nordeste do Brasil é a principal cultura de subsistência, por ser uma excelente fonte de proteína de baixo custo para a população mais carente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar parâmetros genéticos que podem explicar a herança do tamanho das sementes de caupi. Os genótipos parentais P1 e P2 e as gerações F1, F2, RC1 e RC2 do cruzamento TVx5058-09C X Manteiguinha, constituíram o material genético utilizado

Avaliação de genótipos de caupi sob salinidade Assessment of cowpea genotypes under salinity

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José P. Dantas

2002-12-01

Full Text Available Foram conduzidos ensaios em abrigo telado de vegetação com cobertura de telha de fibra de vidro com o objetivo de se avaliar a tolerância de 50 genótipos de caupi sob salinidade. Os tratamentos de salinidade aplicados no solo, em termos de condutividade elétrica do extrato de saturação (CE, foram: CE1 - 0,3, CE2 - 3,0, CE3 - 6,0, CE4 - 9,0 e CE5 - 12,0 dS m-1. Os genótipos foram classificados para tolerância à salinidade com base na redução percentual do peso de matéria seca da parte aérea. No tratamento CE2, 36 genótipos foram tolerantes (T, 12 moderadamente tolerantes (MT e 2 moderadamente sensíveis (MS; no tratamento CE3, 3 foram T, 14 MT, 30 MS e 3 sensíveis (S; no tratamento CE4, um foi MS e 49 S e, no tratamento CE5, todos foram S. O teor de proteína nos grãos foi influenciado pela salinidade e variou de genótipo para genótipo.To assess the tolerance of 50 cowpea genotypes under salinity, experiments were conducted in greenhouse covered with fiberglass sheets. The salinity treatments applied in terms of electrical conductivity of saturation extract of soil (EC were EC1 - 0.3; EC2 - 3.0; EC3 - 6.0; EC4 - 9.0 and EC5 - 12.0 dS m-1. The genotypes were classified for the salinity tolerance on the basis of the reduction in dry weight (% of shoot. Under EC2, 36 genotypes were tolerant (T, 12 moderately tolerant (MT and 2 moderately susceptible (MS; under EC3, 3 were T, 14 MT, 30 MS and 3 susceptible (S; under EC4, one was MS and 49 S and under EC5, all were S. The protein content of seed was influenced by salinity and varied with the genotype.

Conférences extérieures - Université de Genève - French version only

CERN Multimedia

2006-01-01

Université de Genève Ecole de physique 24 quai Ernest Ansermet1211 Genève 4 Tél: + 41 22 379 6383 (secrétariat) Tél: + 41 22 379 6256 (réception) Fax: + 41 22 379 6922 Lundi 30 octobre 2006 COLLOQUE 17 heures - Auditoire Stückelberg Planètes extra-solaires: des propriétés inattendues des planètes géantes à la chasse à une nouvelle Terre Dr S. Udry / Observatoire de Genève, Sauverny Depuis la détection de la première 'exoplanète' en orbite autour d'une étoile semblable à notre soleil, il y a un peu plus de 10 ans, près de 200 candidats planétaires ont été mis à jour, la plupart par spectroscopie Doppler. Les propriétés variées et inattendues de ces systèmes seront discutées ainsi que les contraintes qu'elles fournissent pour les modèles de formation planétaire. Si les planètes découvertes sont pour la plupart des géantes gazeuses ressemblant à Jupiter, un nouveau pas a été récemment franchi avec la détection de planètes plus légères (10-20 masses terrestres) et p...

Recettes pour la paix, les droits & le bien-être concoctées au sein de la Genève internationale

CERN Document Server

2015-01-01

Cette diversité de recettes est une vitrine d’exemples du travail ainsi réalisé par les organisations basées à Genève, illustré sous une forme innovante, et incluant également des propositions de menus composés de trois plats élaborés par des Chefs cuisiniers exerçant dans des hôtels 5 étoiles sur la place de Genève.

Level II Probabilistic Safety Analysis Methodology for the Application to GEN-IV Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, S. Y.; Kim, T. W.; Han, S. H.; Jeong, H. Y.

2010-03-01

The Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has been developing liquid metal reactor (LMR) design technologies under a National Nuclear R and D Program. Nevertheless, there is no experience of the probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) domestically for a fast reactor with the metal fuel. Therefore, the objective of this study is to establish the methodologies of risk assessment for the reference design of GEN-IV sodium fast reactor (SFR). An applicability of the PSA methodology of U. S. NRC and PRISM plant to the domestic GEN-IV SFR has been studied. The study contains a plant damage state analysis, a containment event tree analysis, and a source-term release category binning process

TrayGen: Arranging objects for exhibition and packaging

KAUST Repository

Yang, Yongliang

2013-10-01

We present a framework, called TrayGen, to generate tray designs for the exhibition and packaging of a collection of objects. Based on principles from shape perception and visual merchandising, we abstract a number of design guidelines on how to organize the objects on the tray for the exhibition of their individual features and mutual relationships. Our framework realizes these guidelines by analyzing geometric shapes of the objects and optimizing their arrangement. We demonstrate that the resultant tray designs not only save space, but also highlight the characteristic of each object and the inter-relations between objects. © 2013 The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Genética de las epilepsias Genetics of epilepsy

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Gustavo A. Charria-Ortiz

2007-01-01

Full Text Available En años recientes se ha podido definir con gran exactitud la existencia de alteraciones genéticas específicas en una gran variedad de síndromes epilépticos tradicionales. Es decir, por vez primera se ha podido relacionar de manera contundente y predecible la presencia de alteraciones genómicas y/o proteómicas con síndromes epilépticos antes considerados como "idiopáticos". La gran mayoría de dichos defectos han sido encontrados en genes codificadores para canales iónicos y/o receptores de membrana, lo cual en cierto modo confirma la ya antes postulada relevancia que estas estructuras tienen en la actividad electroquímica espontánea neuronal cuyo desajuste conllevaría a ciertas formas de epilepsia. Esta revisión se centra en los aspectos genéticos y clínicos de dichas condiciones y alteraciones. También se revisarán brevemente los estudios más relevantes de la literatura médica según los cuales -aun a pesar de no haberse definido con la misma exactitud el tipo de anomalías etiológicas- puede tranquilamente inferirse el gran componente genético que parece subyacer a la etiología de las epilepsias. Por ultimo se enfatizará en que a pesar de dichos descubrimientos, su aplicación en la práctica clínica diaria aun es muy limitada, no solo por la relativa rareza de algunos de tales síndromes neurológicos sino también por la poca relevancia que hasta ahora ellos han tenido en el manejo médico rutinario de la mayoría de los pacientes. Las posibilidades inmediatas de tales avances -incluida la farmacogenómica-, así como los posibles conflictos éticos en que se podría incurrir serán también brevemente discutidos.In the last few years, the presence of specific genetic abnormalities leading to some of the classical epileptic syndromes has been clearly elucidated. This means that for the first time, it has become possible to create a strong relationship between the presence of specific genomic and/or proteomic