General scalar-tensor cosmology: analytical solutions via noether symmetry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Massaeli, Erfan; Motaharfar, Meysam; Sepangi, Hamid Reza [Shahid Beheshti University, Department of Physics, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2017-02-15

We analyze the cosmology of a general scalar-tensor theory which encompasses generalized Brans-Dicke theory, Gauss-Bonnet gravity, non-minimal derivative gravity, generalized Galilean gravity and also the general k-essence type models. Instead of taking into account phenomenological considerations we adopt a Noether symmetry approach, as a physical criterion, to single out the form of undetermined functions in the action. These specified functions symmetrize equations of motion in the simplest possible form which result in exact solutions. Demanding de Sitter, power-law and bouncing universe solutions in the absence and presence of matter density leads to exploring new as well as well-investigated models. We show that there are models for which the dynamics of the system allows a transition from a decelerating phase (matter dominated era) to an accelerating phase (dark energy epoch) and could also lead to general Brans-Dicke with string correction without a self-interaction potential. Furthermore, we classify the models based on a phantom or quintessence dark energy point of view. Finally, we obtain the condition for stability of a de Sitter solution for which the solution is an attractor of the system. (orig.)

Analytical Solution of General Bagley-Torvik Equation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

William Labecca

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Bagley-Torvik equation appears in viscoelasticity problems where fractional derivatives seem to play an important role concerning empirical data. There are several works treating this equation by using numerical methods and analytic formulations. However, the analytical solutions presented in the literature consider particular cases of boundary and initial conditions, with inhomogeneous term often expressed in polynomial form. Here, by using Laplace transform methodology, the general inhomogeneous case is solved without restrictions in boundary and initial conditions. The generalized Mittag-Leffler functions with three parameters are used and the solutions presented are expressed in terms of Wiman’s functions and their derivatives.

New solutions of Heun's general equation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishkhanyan, Artur [Engineering Center of Armenian National Academy of Sciences, Ashtarak (Armenia); Suominen, Kalle-Antti [Helsinki Institute of Physics, PL 64, Helsinki (Finland)

2003-02-07

We show that in four particular cases the derivative of the solution of Heun's general equation can be expressed in terms of a solution to another Heun's equation. Starting from this property, we use the Gauss hypergeometric functions to construct series solutions to Heun's equation for the mentioned cases. Each of the hypergeometric functions involved has correct singular behaviour at only one of the singular points of the equation; the sum, however, has correct behaviour. (letter to the editor)

Charged Analogues of Henning Knutsen Type Solutions in General Relativity

Science.gov (United States)

Gupta, Y. K.; Kumar, Sachin; Pratibha

2011-11-01

In the present article, we have found charged analogues of Henning Knutsen's interior solutions which join smoothly to the Reissner-Nordstrom metric at the pressure free interface. The solutions are singularity free and analyzed numerically with respect to pressure, energy-density and charge-density in details. The solutions so obtained also present the generalization of A.L. Mehra's solutions.

Isotropic extensions of the vacuum solutions in general relativity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Molina, C. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil); Martin-Moruno, Prado [Victoria University of Wellington (New Zealand); Gonzalez-Diaz, Pedro F. [Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid (Spain)

2012-07-01

Full text: Spacetimes described by spherically symmetric solutions of Einstein's equations are of paramount importance both in astrophysical applications and theoretical considerations. And among those, black holes are highlighted. In vacuum, Birkhoff's theorem and its generalizations to non-asymptotically flat cases uniquely fix the metric as the Schwarzschild, Schwarzschild-de Sitter or Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter geometries, the vacuum solutions of the usual general relativity with zero, positive or negative values for the cosmological constant, respectively. In this work we are mainly interested in black holes in a cosmological environment. Of the two main assumptions of the cosmological principle, homogeneity is lost when compact objects are considered. Nevertheless isotropy is still possible, and we enforce this condition. Within this context, we investigate spatially isotropic solutions close - continuously deformable - to the usual vacuum solutions. We obtain isotropic extensions of the usual spherically symmetric vacuum geometries in general relativity. Exact and perturbative solutions are derived. Maximal extensions are constructed and their causal structures are discussed. The classes of geometries obtained include black holes in compact and non-compact universes, wormholes in the interior region of cosmological horizons, and anti-de Sitter geometries with excess/deficit solid angle. The tools developed here are applicable in more general contexts, with extensions subjected to other constraints. (author)

General solution of string inspired nonlinear equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bandos, I.A.; Ivanov, E.; Kapustnikov, A.A.; Ulanov, S.A.

1998-07-01

We present the general solution of the system of coupled nonlinear equations describing dynamics of D-dimensional bosonic string in the geometric (or embedding) approach. The solution is parametrized in terms of two sets of the left- and right-moving Lorentz harmonic variables providing a special coset space realization of the product of two (D-2) dimensional spheres S D-2 = SO(1,D-1)/SO(1,1)xSO(D-2) contained in K D-2 . (author)

Explicit Solutions for Generalized (2+1)-Dimensional Nonlinear Zakharov-Kuznetsov Equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun Yuhuai; Ma Zhimin; Li Yan

2010-01-01

The exact solutions of the generalized (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Zakharov-Kuznetsov (Z-K) equation are explored by the method of the improved generalized auxiliary differential equation. Many explicit analytic solutions of the Z-K equation are obtained. The methods used to solve the Z-K equation can be employed in further work to establish new solutions for other nonlinear partial differential equations. (general)

Travelling wave solutions of the generalized Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Estevez, P.G.; Kuru, S.; Negro, J.; Nieto, L.M.

2009-01-01

A class of particular travelling wave solutions of the generalized Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation is studied systematically using the factorization technique. Then, the general travelling wave solutions of Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation, and of its modified version, are also recovered.

Classification of exact solutions to the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pandir, Yusuf; Gurefe, Yusuf; Misirli, Emine

2013-01-01

In this paper, we study the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation with generalized evolution and derive some new results using the approach called the trial equation method. The obtained results can be expressed by the soliton solutions, rational function solutions, elliptic function solutions and Jacobi elliptic function solutions. In the discussion, we give a new version of the trial equation method for nonlinear differential equations.

General classical solutions in the noncommutative CP{sup N-1} model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Foda, O.; Jack, I.; Jones, D.R.T

2002-10-31

We give an explicit construction of general classical solutions for the noncommutative CP{sup N-1} model in two dimensions, showing that they correspond to integer values for the action and topological charge. We also give explicit solutions for the Dirac equation in the background of these general solutions and show that the index theorem is satisfied.

Minimal solution of general dual fuzzy linear systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abbasbandy, S.; Otadi, M.; Mosleh, M.

2008-01-01

Fuzzy linear systems of equations, play a major role in several applications in various area such as engineering, physics and economics. In this paper, we investigate the existence of a minimal solution of general dual fuzzy linear equation systems. Two necessary and sufficient conditions for the minimal solution existence are given. Also, some examples in engineering and economic are considered

General solutions of second-order linear difference equations of Euler type

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Akane Hongyo

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this paper is to give general solutions of linear difference equations which are related to the Euler-Cauchy differential equation \\(y^{\\prime\\prime}+(\\lambda/t^2y=0\\ or more general linear differential equations. We also show that the asymptotic behavior of solutions of the linear difference equations are similar to solutions of the linear differential equations.

Supersymmetric solutions of N =(1 ,1 ) general massive supergravity

Science.gov (United States)

Deger, N. S.; Nazari, Z.; Sarıoǧlu, Ö.

2018-05-01

We construct supersymmetric solutions of three-dimensional N =(1 ,1 ) general massive supergravity (GMG). Solutions with a null Killing vector are, in general, pp-waves. We identify those that appear at critical points of the model, some of which do not exist in N =(1 ,1 ) new massive supergravity (NMG). In the timelike case, we find that many solutions are common with NMG, but there is a new class that is genuine to GMG, two members of which are stationary Lifshitz and timelike squashed AdS spacetimes. We also show that in addition to the fully supersymmetric AdS vacuum, there is a second AdS background with a nonzero vector field that preserves 1 /4 supersymmetry.

A theory of general solutions of 3D problems in 1D hexagonal quasicrystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gao Yang; Xu Sipeng; Zhao Baosheng

2008-01-01

A theory of general solutions of three-dimensional (3D) problems is developed for the coupled equilibrium equations in 1D hexagonal quasicrystals (QCs), and two new general solutions, which are called generalized Lekhnitskii-Hu-Nowacki (LHN) and Elliott-Lodge (E-L) solutions, respectively, are presented based on three theorems. As a special case, the generalized LHN solution is obtained from our previous general solution by introducing three high-order displacement functions. For further simplification, considering three cases in which three characteristic roots are distinct or possibly equal to each other, the generalized E-L solution shall take different forms, and be expressed in terms of four quasi-harmonic functions which are very simple and useful. It is proved that the general solution presented by Peng and Fan is consistent with one case of the generalized E-L solution, while does not include the other two cases. It is important to note that generalized LHN and E-L solutions are complete in z-convex domains, while incomplete in the usual non-z-convex domains

Particular solutions of generalized Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rakhila B. Seilkhanova

2015-01-01

Full Text Available In this article we consider the generalized Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation $$ {u}_{tt}+\\frac{2\\gamma }{t}{{u}_{t}}={u}_{xx}+{u}_{yy} +\\frac{2\\alpha }{x}{{u}_{x}}+\\frac{2\\beta }{y}{{u}_y},\\quad x>0,\\;y>0,\\;t>0. $$ We construct particular solutions in an explicit form expressed by the Lauricella hypergeometric function of three variables. Properties of each constructed solutions have been investigated in sections of surfaces of the characteristic cone. Precisely, we prove that found solutions have singularity $1/r$ at $r\\to 0$, where ${{r}^2}={{( x-{{x}_0}}^2}+{{( y-{{y}_0}}^2}-{{( t-{{t}_0}}^2}$.

LAGRANGE SOLUTIONS TO THE DISCRETE-TIME GENERAL THREE-BODY PROBLEM

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Minesaki, Yukitaka

2013-01-01

There is no known integrator that yields exact orbits for the general three-body problem (G3BP). It is difficult to verify whether a numerical procedure yields the correct solutions to the G3BP because doing so requires knowledge of all 11 conserved quantities, whereas only six are known. Without tracking all of the conserved quantities, it is possible to show that the discrete general three-body problem (d-G3BP) yields the correct orbits corresponding to Lagrange solutions of the G3BP. We show that the d-G3BP yields the correct solutions to the G3BP for two special cases: the equilateral triangle and collinear configurations. For the triangular solution, we use the fact that the solution to the three-body case is a superposition of the solutions to the three two-body cases, and we show that the three bodies maintain the same relative distances at all times. To obtain the collinear solution, we assume a specific permutation of the three bodies arranged along a straight rotating line, and we show that the d-G3BP maintains the same distance ratio between two bodies as in the G3BP. Proving that the d-G3BP solutions for these cases are equivalent to those of the G3BP makes it likely that the d-G3BP and G3BP solutions are equivalent in other cases. To our knowledge, this is the first work that proves the equivalence of the discrete solutions and the Lagrange orbits.

Exact solutions of nonlinear generalizations of the Klein Gordon and Schrodinger equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burt, P.B.

1978-01-01

Exact solutions of sine Gordon and multiple sine Gordon equations are constructed in terms of solutions of a linear base equation, the Klein Gordon equation and also in terms of nonlinear base equations where the nonlinearity is polynomial in the dependent variable. Further, exact solutions of nonlinear generalizations of the Schrodinger equation and of additional nonlinear generalizations of the Klein Gordon equation are constructed in terms of solutions of linear base equations. Finally, solutions with spherical symmetry, of nonlinear Klein Gordon equations are given. 14 references

General solution of the Dirac equation for quasi-two-dimensional electrons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Eremko, Alexander, E-mail: eremko@bitp.kiev.ua [Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Metrologichna Str., 14-b, Kyiv, 03680 (Ukraine); Brizhik, Larissa, E-mail: brizhik@bitp.kiev.ua [Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Metrologichna Str., 14-b, Kyiv, 03680 (Ukraine); Loktev, Vadim, E-mail: vloktev@bitp.kiev.ua [Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Metrologichna Str., 14-b, Kyiv, 03680 (Ukraine); National Technical University of Ukraine “KPI”, Peremohy av., 37, Kyiv, 03056 (Ukraine)

2016-06-15

The general solution of the Dirac equation for quasi-two-dimensional electrons confined in an asymmetric quantum well, is found. The energy spectrum of such a system is exactly calculated using special unitary operator and is shown to depend on the electron spin polarization. This solution contains free parameters, whose variation continuously transforms one known particular solution into another. As an example, two different cases are considered in detail: electron in a deep and in a strongly asymmetric shallow quantum well. The effective mass renormalized by relativistic corrections and Bychkov–Rashba coefficients are analytically obtained for both cases. It is demonstrated that the general solution transforms to the particular solutions, found previously (Eremko et al., 2015) with the use of spin invariants. The general solution allows to establish conditions at which a specific (accompanied or non-accompanied by Rashba splitting) spin state can be realized. These results can prompt the ways to control the spin degree of freedom via the synthesis of spintronic heterostructures with the required properties.

The general supersymmetric solution of topologically massive supergravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gibbons, G W; Pope, C N; Sezgin, E

2008-01-01

We find the general fully nonlinear solution of topologically massive supergravity admitting a Killing spinor. It is of plane-wave type, with a null Killing vector field. Conversely, we show that all solutions with a null Killing vector are supersymmetric for one or the other choice of sign for the Chern-Simons coupling constant μ. If μ does not take the critical value, μ = ±1, these solutions are asymptotically regular on a Poincare patch, but do not admit a smooth global compactification with boundary S 1 x R. In the critical case, the solutions have a logarithmic singularity on the boundary of the Poincare patch. We derive a Nester-Witten identity, which allows us to identify the associated charges, but we conclude that the presence of the Chern-Simons term prevents us from making a statement about their positivity. The Nester-Witten procedure is applied to the BTZ black hole

Smooth Gowdy-symmetric generalized Taub–NUT solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beyer, Florian; Hennig, Jörg

2012-01-01

We study a class of S 3 -Gowdy vacuum models with a regular past Cauchy horizon which we call smooth Gowdy-symmetric generalized Taub–NUT solutions. In particular, we prove the existence of such solutions by formulating a singular initial value problem with asymptotic data on the past Cauchy horizon. We prove that also a future Cauchy horizon exists for generic asymptotic data, and derive an explicit expression for the metric on the future Cauchy horizon in terms of the asymptotic data on the past horizon. This complements earlier results about S 1 ×S 2 -Gowdy models. (paper)

Exact and numerical solutions of generalized Drinfeld-Sokolov equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ugurlu, Yavuz; Kaya, Dogan

2008-01-01

In this Letter, we consider a system of generalized Drinfeld-Sokolov (gDS) equations which models one-dimensional nonlinear wave processes in two-component media. We find some exact solutions of gDS by using tanh function method and we also obtain a numerical solution by using the Adomian's Decomposition Method (ADM)

On the structure of generalized monopole solutions in gauge-theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horvath, Z.; Palla, L.

1976-01-01

A method is presented for constructing generalized 't Hooft monopole solutions in a gauge theory with an arbitrary gauge group. Restrictions arising from the condition of finite energy are derived. The radial oscillation of the solution is discussed. Using this method all the SU(3) solutions known in the literature are reproduced. Finite energy monopoles possessing magnetic charge in the range g 0 0 0 are found in SU(N) gauge theories. Different charge quantization conditions are analyzed to understand the structure of the solutions. (Auth.)

New explicit spike solutions-non-local component of the generalized Mixmaster attractor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lim, Woei Chet

2008-01-01

By applying a standard solution-generating transformation to an arbitrary vacuum Bianchi type II solution, one generates a new solution with spikes commonly observed in numerical simulations. It is conjectured that the spike solutions are part of the generalized Mixmaster attractor

Exact solutions of the one-dimensional generalized modified complex Ginzburg-Landau equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yomba, Emmanuel; Kofane, Timoleon Crepin

2003-01-01

The one-dimensional (1D) generalized modified complex Ginzburg-Landau (MCGL) equation for the traveling wave systems is analytically studied. Exact solutions of this equation are obtained using a method which combines the Painleve test for integrability in the formalism of Weiss-Tabor-Carnevale and Hirota technique of bilinearization. We show that pulses, fronts, periodic unbounded waves, sources, sinks and solution as collision between two fronts are the important coherent structures that organize much of the dynamical properties of these traveling wave systems. The degeneracies of the 1D generalized MCGL equation are examined as well as several of their solutions. These degeneracies include two important equations: the 1D generalized modified Schroedinger equation and the 1D generalized real modified Ginzburg-Landau equation. We obtain that the one parameter family of traveling localized source solutions called 'Nozaki-Bekki holes' become a subfamily of the dark soliton solutions in the 1D generalized modified Schroedinger limit

Exact and numerical solutions of generalized Drinfeld-Sokolov equations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ugurlu, Yavuz [Firat University, Department of Mathematics, 23119 Elazig (Turkey); Kaya, Dogan [Firat University, Department of Mathematics, 23119 Elazig (Turkey)], E-mail: dkaya36@yahoo.com

2008-04-14

In this Letter, we consider a system of generalized Drinfeld-Sokolov (gDS) equations which models one-dimensional nonlinear wave processes in two-component media. We find some exact solutions of gDS by using tanh function method and we also obtain a numerical solution by using the Adomian's Decomposition Method (ADM)

Exact solutions of (3 + 1-dimensional generalized KP equation arising in physics

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din

Full Text Available In this work, we have obtained some exact solutions to (3 + 1-dimensional generalized KP Equation. The improved tanϕ(ξ2-expansion method has been introduced to construct the exact solutions of nonlinear evolution equations. The obtained solutions include hyperbolic function solutions, trigonometric function solutions, exponential solutions, and rational solutions. Our study has added some new varieties of solutions to already available solutions. It is also worth mentioning that the computational work has been reduced significantly. Keywords: Improved tanϕ(ξ2-expansion method, Hyperbolic function solution, Trigonometric function solution, Rational solution, (3 + 1-dimensional generalized KP equation

On the Painleve integrability, periodic wave solutions and soliton solutions of generalized coupled higher-order nonlinear Schroedinger equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xu Guiqiong; Li Zhibin

2005-01-01

It is proven that generalized coupled higher-order nonlinear Schroedinger equations possess the Painleve property for two particular choices of parameters, using the Weiss-Tabor-Carnevale method and Kruskal's simplification. Abundant families of periodic wave solutions are obtained by using the Jacobi elliptic function expansion method with the assistance of symbolic manipulation system, Maple. It is also shown that these solutions exactly degenerate to bright soliton, dark soliton and mixed dark and bright soliton solutions with physical interests

Travelling Solitary Wave Solutions for Generalized Time-delayed Burgers-Fisher Equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deng Xijun; Han Libo; Li Xi

2009-01-01

In this paper, travelling wave solutions for the generalized time-delayed Burgers-Fisher equation are studied. By using the first-integral method, which is based on the ring theory of commutative algebra, we obtain a class of travelling solitary wave solutions for the generalized time-delayed Burgers-Fisher equation. A minor error in the previous article is clarified. (general)

A general solution strategy of modified power method for higher mode solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, Peng; Lee, Hyunsuk; Lee, Deokjung

2016-01-01

A general solution strategy of the modified power iteration method for calculating higher eigenmodes has been developed and applied in continuous energy Monte Carlo simulation. The new approach adopts four features: 1) the eigen decomposition of transfer matrix, 2) weight cancellation for higher modes, 3) population control with higher mode weights, and 4) stabilization technique of statistical fluctuations using multi-cycle accumulations. The numerical tests of neutron transport eigenvalue problems successfully demonstrate that the new strategy can significantly accelerate the fission source convergence with stable convergence behavior while obtaining multiple higher eigenmodes at the same time. The advantages of the new strategy can be summarized as 1) the replacement of the cumbersome solution step of high order polynomial equations required by Booth's original method with the simple matrix eigen decomposition, 2) faster fission source convergence in inactive cycles, 3) more stable behaviors in both inactive and active cycles, and 4) smaller variances in active cycles. Advantages 3 and 4 can be attributed to the lower sensitivity of the new strategy to statistical fluctuations due to the multi-cycle accumulations. The application of the modified power method to continuous energy Monte Carlo simulation and the higher eigenmodes up to 4th order are reported for the first time in this paper. -- Graphical abstract: -- Highlights: •Modified power method is applied to continuous energy Monte Carlo simulation. •Transfer matrix is introduced to generalize the modified power method. •All mode based population control is applied to get the higher eigenmodes. •Statistic fluctuation can be greatly reduced using accumulated tally results. •Fission source convergence is accelerated with higher mode solutions.

Solving the AKNS Hierarchy by Its Bilinear Form: Generalized Double Wronskian Solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yin Fumei; Sun Yepeng; Cai Fuqing; Chen Dengyuan

2008-01-01

Through the Wronskian technique, a simple and direct proof is presented that the AKNS hierarchy in the bilinear form has generalized double Wronskian solutions. Moreover, by using a unified way, soliton solutions, rational solutions, Matveev solutions and complexitons in double Wronskian form for it are constructed.

Generalized Sturmian Solutions for Many-Particle Schrödinger Equations

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Avery, John; Avery, James Emil

2004-01-01

The generalized Sturmian method for obtaining solutions to the many-particle Schrodinger equation is reviewed. The method makes use of basis functions that are solutions of an approximate Schrodinger equation with a weighted zeroth-order potential. The weighting factors are especially chosen so...

Travelling wave solutions of generalized coupled Zakharov–Kuznetsov and dispersive long wave equations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Arshad

Full Text Available In this manuscript, we constructed different form of new exact solutions of generalized coupled Zakharov–Kuznetsov and dispersive long wave equations by utilizing the modified extended direct algebraic method. New exact traveling wave solutions for both equations are obtained in the form of soliton, periodic, bright, and dark solitary wave solutions. There are many applications of the present traveling wave solutions in physics and furthermore, a wide class of coupled nonlinear evolution equations can be solved by this method. Keywords: Traveling wave solutions, Elliptic solutions, Generalized coupled Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation, Dispersive long wave equation, Modified extended direct algebraic method

Computer local construction of a general solution for the Chew-Low equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gerdt, V.P.

1980-01-01

General solution of the dynamic form of the Chew-Low equations in the vicinity of the restpoint is considered. A method for calculating coefficients of series being members of such solution is suggested. The results of calculations, coefficients of power series and expansions carried out by means of the SCHOONSCHIP and SYMBAL systems are given. It is noted that the suggested procedure of the Chew-Low equation solutions basing on using an electronic computer as an instrument for analytical calculations permits to obtain detail information on the local structure of general solution

Solution of generalized control system equations at steady state

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vilim, R.B.

1987-01-01

Although a number of reactor systems codes feature generalized control system models, none of the models offer a steady-state solution finder. Indeed, if a transient is to begin from steady-state conditions, the user must provide estimates for the control system initial conditions and run a null transient until the plant converges to steady state. Several such transients may have to be run before values for control system demand signals are found that produce the desired plant steady state. The intent of this paper is (a) to present the control system equations assumed in the SASSYS reactor systems code and to identify the appropriate set of initial conditions, (b) to describe the generalized block diagram approach used to represent these equations, and (c) to describe a solution method and algorithm for computing these initial conditions from the block diagram. The algorithm has been installed in the SASSYS code for use with the code's generalized control system model. The solution finder greatly enhances the effectiveness of the code and the efficiency of the user in running it

General analytical shakedown solution for structures with kinematic hardening materials

Science.gov (United States)

Guo, Baofeng; Zou, Zongyuan; Jin, Miao

2016-09-01

The effect of kinematic hardening behavior on the shakedown behaviors of structure has been investigated by performing shakedown analysis for some specific problems. The results obtained only show that the shakedown limit loads of structures with kinematic hardening model are larger than or equal to those with perfectly plastic model of the same initial yield stress. To further investigate the rules governing the different shakedown behaviors of kinematic hardening structures, the extended shakedown theorem for limited kinematic hardening is applied, the shakedown condition is then proposed, and a general analytical solution for the structural shakedown limit load is thus derived. The analytical shakedown limit loads for fully reversed cyclic loading and non-fully reversed cyclic loading are then given based on the general solution. The resulting analytical solution is applied to some specific problems: a hollow specimen subjected to tension and torsion, a flanged pipe subjected to pressure and axial force and a square plate with small central hole subjected to biaxial tension. The results obtained are compared with those in literatures, they are consistent with each other. Based on the resulting general analytical solution, rules governing the general effects of kinematic hardening behavior on the shakedown behavior of structure are clearly.

The Generalized Wronskian Solution to a Negative KdV-mKdV Equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Yu-Qing; Chen Deng-Yuan; Hu Chao

2012-01-01

A negative KdV-mKdV hierarchy is presented through the KdV-mKdV operator. The generalized Wronskian solution to the negative KdV-mKdV equation is obtained. Some soliton-like solutions and a complexiton solution are presented explicitly as examples. (general)

A database for extract solutions in general relativity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horvath, I.; Horvath, Zs.; Lukacs, B.

1993-07-01

The field of equations of General Relativity are coupled second order partial differential equations. Therefore no general method is known to generate solutions for prescribed initial and boundary conditions. In addition, the meaning of the particular coordinates cannot be known until the metric is not found. Therefore the result must permit arbitrary coordinate transformations, i.e. most kinds of approximating methods are improper. So exact solutions are necessary and each one is an individual product. For storage, retrieval and comparison database handling techniques are needed. A database of 1359 articles is shown (cross-referred at least once) published in 156 more important journals. It can be handled by dBase III plus on IBM PC's. (author) 5 refs.; 5 tabs

Exact solitary and periodic wave solutions for a generalized nonlinear Schroedinger equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun Chengfeng; Gao Hongjun

2009-01-01

The generalized nonlinear Schroedinger equation (GNLS) iu t + u xx + β | u | 2 u + γ | u | 4 u + iα (| u | 2 u) x + iτ(| u | 2 ) x u = 0 is studied. Using the bifurcation of travelling waves of this equation, some exact solitary wave solutions were obtained in [Wang W, Sun J,Chen G, Bifurcation, Exact solutions and nonsmooth behavior of solitary waves in the generalized nonlinear Schroedinger equation. Int J Bifucat Chaos 2005:3295-305.]. In this paper, more explicit exact solitary wave solutions and some new smooth periodic wave solutions are obtained.

A new generalized expansion method and its application in finding explicit exact solutions for a generalized variable coefficients KdV equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sabry, R.; Zahran, M.A.; Fan Engui

2004-01-01

A generalized expansion method is proposed to uniformly construct a series of exact solutions for general variable coefficients non-linear evolution equations. The new approach admits the following types of solutions (a) polynomial solutions, (b) exponential solutions, (c) rational solutions, (d) triangular periodic wave solutions, (e) hyperbolic and solitary wave solutions and (f) Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly periodic wave solutions. The efficiency of the method has been demonstrated by applying it to a generalized variable coefficients KdV equation. Then, new and rich variety of exact explicit solutions have been found

A New Solution for Einstein Field Equation in General Relativity

Science.gov (United States)

Mousavi, Sadegh

2006-05-01

There are different solutions for Einstein field equation in general relativity that they have been proposed by different people the most important solutions are Schwarzchild, Reissner Nordstrom, Kerr and Kerr Newmam. However, each one of these solutions limited to special case. I've found a new solution for Einstein field equation which is more complete than all previous ones and this solution contains the previous solutions as its special forms. In this talk I will present my new metric for Einstein field equation and the Christofel symbols and Richi and Rieman tensor components for the new metric that I have calculated them by GR TENSOR software. As a result I will determine the actual movement of black holes which is different From Kerr black hole's movement. Finally this new solution predicts, existence of a new and constant field in the nature (that nobody can found it up to now), so in this talk I will introduce this new field and even I will calculate the amount of this field. SADEGH MOUSAVI, Amirkabir University of Technology.

New exact travelling wave solutions for the generalized nonlinear Schroedinger equation with a source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdou, M.A.

2008-01-01

The generalized F-expansion method with a computerized symbolic computation is used for constructing a new exact travelling wave solutions for the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with a source. As a result, many exact travelling wave solutions are obtained which include new periodic wave solution, trigonometric function solutions and rational solutions. The method is straightforward and concise, and it can also be applied to other nonlinear evolution equations in physics

Bouncing solutions from generalized EoS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Contreras, F. [Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Departamento de Matematicas, Santiago (Chile); Cruz, N.; Palma, G. [Universidad de Santiago, Departamento de Fisica, Santiago (Chile)

2017-12-15

We present an exact analytical bouncing solution for a closed universe filled with only one exotic fluid with negative pressure, obeying a generalized equation of state (GEoS) of the form p(ρ) = Aρ+Bρ{sup λ}, where A, B and λ are constants. In our solution A = -1/3, λ = 1/2, and B < 0 is kept as a free parameter. For particular values of the initial conditions, we find that our solution obeys the null energy condition (NEC), which allows us to reinterpret the matter source as that of a real scalar field, φ, with a positive kinetic energy and a potential V(φ). We numerically compute the scalar field as a function of time as well as its potential V(φ), and we find an analytical function for the potential that fits very accurately with the numerical data obtained. The shape of this potential can be well described by a Gaussian-type of function, and hence there is no spontaneous symmetry minimum of V(φ). We show numerically that the bouncing scenario is structurally stable in a small vicinity of the value A = -1/3. We also include the study of the evolution of the linear fluctuations due to linear perturbations in the metric. These perturbations show an oscillatory behavior near the bouncing and approach a constant at large scales. (orig.)

On global structure of general solution of the Chew-Sow equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gerdt, V.P.

1981-01-01

The Chew-Low equations for static p-wave πN-scattering are considered. The equations are formulated in the form of a system of three nonlinear difference equations of the first order which have the general solution depending on three arbitrary periodic functions. An approach to the global construction of the general solution is suggested which is based on the series expansion in powers of one of the arbitrary functions C(ω) determining the structure of the invariant curve for the Chew-Low equations. It is shown that the initial nonlinear problem is reduced to the linear one in every order in C(ω). By means of solving the linear problem the general solution is found in the first-order approximation in C(ω) [ru

Exact solutions of generalized Zakharov and Ginzburg-Landau equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Jinliang; Wang Mingliang; Gao Kequan

2007-01-01

By using the homogeneous balance principle, the exact solutions of the generalized Zakharov equations and generalized Ginzburg-Landau equation are obtained with the aid of a set of subsidiary higher-order ordinary differential equations (sub-equations for short)

Towards the general solution of the Yang-Mills equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Helfer, A.D.

1985-01-01

The author presents a new non-perturbative technique for finding arbitrary self-dual solutions to the Yang-Mills equations, and of describing massless fields minimally coupled to them. The approach uses techniques of complex analysis in several variables, and is complementary to Ward's: it is expected that a combination of the two techniques will yield general, non-self-dual solutions to the Yang-Mills equations. This has been verified to first order in perturbation theory

Generalized dynamics of soft-matter quasicrystals mathematical models and solutions

CERN Document Server

Fan, Tian-You

2017-01-01

The book systematically introduces the mathematical models and solutions of generalized hydrodynamics of soft-matter quasicrystals (SMQ). It provides methods for solving the initial-boundary value problems in these systems. The solutions obtained demonstrate the distribution, deformation and motion of the soft-matter quasicrystals, and determine the stress, velocity and displacement fields. The interactions between phonons, phasons and fluid phonons are discussed in some fundamental materials samples. Mathematical solutions for solid and soft-matter quasicrystals are compared, to help readers to better understand the featured properties of SMQ.

Solitonlike solutions of the generalized discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rasmussen, Kim; Henning, D.; Gabriel, H.

1996-01-01

We investigate the solution properties oi. a generalized discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation describing a nonlinear lattice chain. The generalized equation interpolates between the integrable discrete Ablowitz-Ladik equation and the nonintegrable discrete Schrodinger equation. Special interes...... nonlinear Schrodinger equation. In this way eve are able to construct coherent solitonlike structures of profile determined by the map parameters.......We investigate the solution properties oi. a generalized discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation describing a nonlinear lattice chain. The generalized equation interpolates between the integrable discrete Ablowitz-Ladik equation and the nonintegrable discrete Schrodinger equation. Special interest...

Spinning solutions in general relativity with infinite central density

Science.gov (United States)

Flammer, P. D.

2018-05-01

This paper presents general relativistic numerical simulations of uniformly rotating polytropes. Equations are developed using MSQI coordinates, but taking a logarithm of the radial coordinate. The result is relatively simple elliptical differential equations. Due to the logarithmic scale, we can resolve solutions with near-singular mass distributions near their center, while the solution domain extends many orders of magnitude larger than the radius of the distribution (to connect with flat space-time). Rotating solutions are found with very high central energy densities for a range of adiabatic exponents. Analytically, assuming the pressure is proportional to the energy density (which is true for polytropes in the limit of large energy density), we determine the small radius behavior of the metric potentials and energy density. This small radius behavior agrees well with the small radius behavior of large central density numerical results, lending confidence to our numerical approach. We compare results with rotating solutions available in the literature, which show good agreement. We study the stability of spherical solutions: instability sets in at the first maximum in mass versus central energy density; this is also consistent with results in the literature, and further lends confidence to the numerical approach.

The general solution of a Nim-heap game

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

宋林森; 卢澎涛

2010-01-01

As a combinatorial one,the game Nim turns out to be extremely useful in certain types of combinatorial game analysis.It has given the general solution of the game a Nim-heap game and the result has proved true.

On the stability of soliton solution in NLS-type general field model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chakrabarti, S.; Nayyar, A.H.

1982-08-01

A model incorporating the nonlinear Schroedinger equation and its generalizations is considered and the stability of its periodic-in-time solutions under the restriction of a fixed charge Q is analysed. It is shown that the necessary condition for the stability is given by the inequality deltaQ/deltaν<0, where ν is the parameter of periodicity of the solution in time. In particular, one specific class of Lagrangians is considered and, in addition, the sufficient conditions for the stability of the soliton solutions are also determined. This study thus examines both the necessary and the sufficient conditions for the stability of the solutions of nonlinear Schroedinger equation and some of its generalizations. (author)

New solutions of the generalized ellipsoidal wave equation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Harold Exton

1999-10-01

Full Text Available Certain aspects and a contribution to the theory of new forms of solutions of an algebraic form of the generalized ellipsoidal wave equation are deduced by considering the Laplace transform of a soluble system of linear differential equations. An ensuing system of non-linear algebraic equations is shown to be consistent and is numerically implemented by means of the computer algebra package MAPLE V. The main results are presented as series of hypergeometric type of there and four variables which readily lend themselves to numerical handling although this does not indicate all of the detailedanalytic properties of the solutions under consideration.

A Study for Obtaining New and More General Solutions of Special-Type Nonlinear Equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Hong

2007-01-01

The generalized algebraic method with symbolic computation is extended to some special-type nonlinear equations for constructing a series of new and more general travelling wave solutions in terms of special functions. Such equations cannot be directly dealt with by the method and require some kinds of pre-processing techniques. It is shown that soliton solutions and triangular periodic solutions can be established as the limits of the Jacobi doubly periodic wave solutions.

Explicit Solutions and Bifurcations for a Class of Generalized Boussinesq Wave Equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ma Zhi-Min; Sun Yu-Huai; Liu Fu-Sheng

2013-01-01

In this paper, the generalized Boussinesq wave equation u tt — u xx + a(u m ) xx + bu xxxx = 0 is investigated by using the bifurcation theory and the method of phase portraits analysis. Under the different parameter conditions, the exact explicit parametric representations for solitary wave solutions and periodic wave solutions are obtained. (general)

General solution of Bateman equations for nuclear transmutations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cetnar, Jerzy

2006-01-01

The paper concerns the linear chain method of solving Bateman equations for nuclear transmutation in derivation of the general solution for linear chain with repeated transitions and thus elimination of existing numerical problems. In addition, applications of derived equations for transmutation trajectory analysis method is presented

Analytical Solution of General Bagley-Torvik Equation

OpenAIRE

William Labecca; Osvaldo Guimarães; José Roberto C. Piqueira

2015-01-01

Bagley-Torvik equation appears in viscoelasticity problems where fractional derivatives seem to play an important role concerning empirical data. There are several works treating this equation by using numerical methods and analytic formulations. However, the analytical solutions presented in the literature consider particular cases of boundary and initial conditions, with inhomogeneous term often expressed in polynomial form. Here, by using Laplace transform methodology, the general inhomoge...

Abundant general solitary wave solutions to the family of KdV type equations

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Md. Azmol Huda

2017-03-01

Full Text Available This work explores the construction of more general exact traveling wave solutions of some nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs through the application of the (G′/G, 1/G-expansion method. This method is allied to the widely used (G′/G-method initiated by Wang et al. and can be considered as an extension of the (G′/G-expansion method. For effectiveness, the method is applied to the family of KdV type equations. Abundant general form solitary wave solutions as well as periodic solutions are successfully obtained through this method. Moreover, in the obtained wider set of solutions, if we set special values of the parameters, some previously known solutions are revived. The approach of this method is simple and elegantly standard. Having been computerized it is also powerful, reliable and effective.

Trigonometric Solutions of WDVV Equations and Generalized Calogero-Moser-Sutherland Systems

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Misha V. Feigin

2009-09-01

Full Text Available We consider trigonometric solutions of WDVV equations and derive geometric conditions when a collection of vectors with multiplicities determines such a solution. We incorporate these conditions into the notion of trigonometric Veselov system (v-system and we determine all trigonometric v-systems with up to five vectors. We show that generalized Calogero-Moser-Sutherland operator admits a factorized eigenfunction if and only if it corresponds to the trigonometric v-system; this inverts a one-way implication observed by Veselov for the rational solutions.

One Monopole-Antimonopole Pair Solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Teh, Rosy; Wong, K.-M.

2009-01-01

We present new classical generalized one monopole-antimonopole pair solutions of the SU(2) Yang-Mills-Higgs theory with the Higgs field in the adjoint representation. We show that in general the one monopole-antimonopole solution need not be solved by imposing mθ-winding number to be integer greater than one. We also show that this solution can be solved when m = 1 by transforming the large distance asymptotic solutions to general solutions that depend on a parameter p. Secondly we show that these large distance asymptotic solutions can be further generalized to the Jacobi elliptic functions. We focus our numerical calculation on the Jacobi elliptic functions solution when the nφ-winding number is one and show that this generalized Jacobi elliptic 1-MAP solution possesses lower energy. All these solutions are numerical finite energy non-BPS solutions of the Yang-Mills-Higgs field theory.

Anisotropic generalization of well-known solutions describing relativistic self-gravitating fluid systems. An algorithm

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thirukkanesh, S. [Eastern University, Department of Mathematics, Chenkalady (Sri Lanka); Ragel, F.C. [Eastern University, Department of Physics, Chenkalady (Sri Lanka); Sharma, Ranjan; Das, Shyam [P.D. Women' s College, Department of Physics, Jalpaiguri (India)

2018-01-15

We present an algorithm to generalize a plethora of well-known solutions to Einstein field equations describing spherically symmetric relativistic fluid spheres by relaxing the pressure isotropy condition on the system. By suitably fixing the model parameters in our formulation, we generate closed-form solutions which may be treated as an anisotropic generalization of a large class of solutions describing isotropic fluid spheres. From the resultant solutions, a particular solution is taken up to show its physical acceptability. Making use of the current estimate of mass and radius of a known pulsar, the effects of anisotropic stress on the gross physical behaviour of a relativistic compact star is also highlighted. (orig.)

Analytical approximate solutions for a general class of nonlinear delay differential equations.

Science.gov (United States)

Căruntu, Bogdan; Bota, Constantin

2014-01-01

We use the polynomial least squares method (PLSM), which allows us to compute analytical approximate polynomial solutions for a very general class of strongly nonlinear delay differential equations. The method is tested by computing approximate solutions for several applications including the pantograph equations and a nonlinear time-delay model from biology. The accuracy of the method is illustrated by a comparison with approximate solutions previously computed using other methods.

On exact solutions for some oscillating motions of a generalized Oldroyd-B fluid

Science.gov (United States)

Khan, M.; Anjum, Asia; Qi, Haitao; Fetecau, C.

2010-02-01

This paper deals with exact solutions for some oscillating motions of a generalized Oldroyd-B fluid. The fractional calculus approach is used in the constitutive relationship of fluid model. Analytical expressions for the velocity field and the corresponding shear stress for flows due to oscillations of an infinite flat plate as well as those induced by an oscillating pressure gradient are determined using Fourier sine and Laplace transforms. The obtained solutions are presented under integral and series forms in terms of the Mittag-Leffler functions. For α = β = 1, our solutions tend to the similar solutions for ordinary Oldroyd-B fluid. A comparison between generalized and ordinary Oldroyd-B fluids is shown by means of graphical illustrations.

A Note about the General Meromorphic Solutions of the Fisher Equation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jian-ming Qi

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We employ the complex method to obtain the general meromorphic solutions of the Fisher equation, which improves the corresponding results obtained by Ablowitz and Zeppetella and other authors (Ablowitz and Zeppetella, 1979; Feng and Li, 2006; Guo and Chen, 1991, and wg,i(z are new general meromorphic solutions of the Fisher equation for c=±5i/6. Our results show that the complex method provides a powerful mathematical tool for solving great many nonlinear partial differential equations in mathematical physics.

A general solution of the plane problem thermoelasticity in polar coordinates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tabakman, H.D.; Lin, Y.J.

1977-01-01

A general solution, in polar coordinates, of the plane problem in thermoelasticity is obtained in terms of a stress and displacement function. The solution is valid for arbitrary temperature distribution T(r, theta). The characteristic feature of the paper is the forthright determination of the displacement components brought about by the introduction of a displacement function

Particular transcendent solution of the Ernst system generalized on n fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leaute, B.; Marcilhacy, G.

1986-01-01

A particular solution, a function of a particular form of the fifth Painleve transcendent, of the Ernst system generalized to n fields is determined, which characterizes both the stationary axially symmetric fields, the solution of the Einstein (n-1) Maxwell equations, and one class of axially symmetric static self-dual SU(n+1) Yang--Mills fields

Peakons, solitary patterns and periodic solutions for generalized Camassa-Holm equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zheng Yin; Lai Shaoyong

2008-01-01

This Letter deals with a generalized Camassa-Holm equation and a nonlinear dispersive equation by making use of a mathematical technique based on using integral factors for solving differential equations. The peakons, solitary patterns and periodic solutions are expressed analytically under various circumstances. The conditions that cause the qualitative change in the physical structures of the solutions are highlighted

Exact solutions and transformation properties of nonlinear partial differential equations from general relativity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fischer, E.

1977-01-01

Various families of exact solutions to the Einstein and Einstein--Maxwell field equations of general relativity are treated for situations of sufficient symmetry that only two independent variables arise. The mathematical problem then reduces to consideration of sets of two coupled nonlinear differential equations. The physical situations in which such equations arise include: the external gravitational field of an axisymmetric, uncharged steadily rotating body, cylindrical gravitational waves with two degrees of freedom, colliding plane gravitational waves, the external gravitational and electromagnetic fields of a static, charged axisymmetric body, and colliding plane electromagnetic and gravitational waves. Through the introduction of suitable potentials and coordinate transformations, a formalism is presented which treats all these problems simultaneously. These transformations and potentials may be used to generate new solutions to the Einstein--Maxwell equations from solutions to the vacuum Einstein equations, and vice-versa. The calculus of differential forms is used as a tool for generation of similarity solutions and generalized similarity solutions. It is further used to find the invariance group of the equations; this in turn leads to various finite transformations that give new, physically distinct solutions from old. Some of the above results are then generalized to the case of three independent variables

Exact solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations generalized for flow in porous media

Science.gov (United States)

Daly, Edoardo; Basser, Hossein; Rudman, Murray

2018-05-01

Flow of Newtonian fluids in porous media is often modelled using a generalized version of the full non-linear Navier-Stokes equations that include additional terms describing the resistance to flow due to the porous matrix. Because this formulation is becoming increasingly popular in numerical models, exact solutions are required as a benchmark of numerical codes. The contribution of this study is to provide a number of non-trivial exact solutions of the generalized form of the Navier-Stokes equations for parallel flow in porous media. Steady-state solutions are derived in the case of flows in a medium with constant permeability along the main direction of flow and a constant cross-stream velocity in the case of both linear and non-linear drag. Solutions are also presented for cases in which the permeability changes in the direction normal to the main flow. An unsteady solution for a flow with velocity driven by a time-periodic pressure gradient is also derived. These solutions form a basis for validating computational models across a wide range of Reynolds and Darcy numbers.

On the General Analytical Solution of the Kinematic Cosserat Equations

KAUST Repository

Michels, Dominik L.

2016-09-01

Based on a Lie symmetry analysis, we construct a closed form solution to the kinematic part of the (partial differential) Cosserat equations describing the mechanical behavior of elastic rods. The solution depends on two arbitrary analytical vector functions and is analytical everywhere except a certain domain of the independent variables in which one of the arbitrary vector functions satisfies a simple explicitly given algebraic relation. As our main theoretical result, in addition to the construction of the solution, we proof its generality. Based on this observation, a hybrid semi-analytical solver for highly viscous two-way coupled fluid-rod problems is developed which allows for the interactive high-fidelity simulations of flagellated microswimmers as a result of a substantial reduction of the numerical stiffness.

On the General Analytical Solution of the Kinematic Cosserat Equations

KAUST Repository

Michels, Dominik L.; Lyakhov, Dmitry; Gerdt, Vladimir P.; Hossain, Zahid; Riedel-Kruse, Ingmar H.; Weber, Andreas G.

2016-01-01

Based on a Lie symmetry analysis, we construct a closed form solution to the kinematic part of the (partial differential) Cosserat equations describing the mechanical behavior of elastic rods. The solution depends on two arbitrary analytical vector functions and is analytical everywhere except a certain domain of the independent variables in which one of the arbitrary vector functions satisfies a simple explicitly given algebraic relation. As our main theoretical result, in addition to the construction of the solution, we proof its generality. Based on this observation, a hybrid semi-analytical solver for highly viscous two-way coupled fluid-rod problems is developed which allows for the interactive high-fidelity simulations of flagellated microswimmers as a result of a substantial reduction of the numerical stiffness.

General supersymmetric solutions of five-dimensional supergravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gutowski, Jan B.; Sabra, Wafic

2005-01-01

The classification of 1/4-supersymmetric solutions of five dimensional gauged supergravity coupled to arbitrary many abelian vector multiplets, which was initiated elsewhere, is completed. The structure of all solutions for which the Killing vector constructed from the Killing spinor is null is investigated in both the gauged and the ungauged theories and some new solutions are constructed

The generalized tanh method to obtain exact solutions of nonlinear partial differential equation

OpenAIRE

Gómez, César

2007-01-01

In this paper, we present the generalized tanh method to obtain exact solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations, and we obtain solitons and exact solutions of some important equations of the mathematical physics.

The Exact Solution for Linear Thermoelastic Axisymmetric Deformations of Generally Laminated Circular Cylindrical Shells

Science.gov (United States)

Nemeth, Michael P.; Schultz, Marc R.

2012-01-01

A detailed exact solution is presented for laminated-composite circular cylinders with general wall construction and that undergo axisymmetric deformations. The overall solution is formulated in a general, systematic way and is based on the solution of a single fourth-order, nonhomogeneous ordinary differential equation with constant coefficients in which the radial displacement is the dependent variable. Moreover, the effects of general anisotropy are included and positive-definiteness of the strain energy is used to define uniquely the form of the basis functions spanning the solution space of the ordinary differential equation. Loading conditions are considered that include axisymmetric edge loads, surface tractions, and temperature fields. Likewise, all possible axisymmetric boundary conditions are considered. Results are presented for five examples that demonstrate a wide range of behavior for specially orthotropic and fully anisotropic cylinders.

Analytic study of solutions for a (3 + 1) -dimensional generalized KP equation

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, Hui; Cheng, Wenguang; Xu, Tianzhou; Wang, Gangwei

2018-03-01

The (3 + 1) -dimensional generalized KP (gKP) equation is an important nonlinear partial differential equation in theoretical and mathematical physics which can be used to describe nonlinear wave motion. Through the Hirota bilinear method, one-solition, two-solition and N-solition solutions are derived via symbolic computation. Two classes of lump solutions, rationally localized in all directions in space, to the dimensionally reduced cases in (2 + 1)-dimensions, are constructed by using a direct method based on the Hirota bilinear form of the equation. It implies that we can derive the lump solutions of the reduced gKP equation from positive quadratic function solutions to the aforementioned bilinear equation. Meanwhile, we get interaction solutions between a lump and a kink of the gKP equation. The lump appears from a kink and is swallowed by it with the change of time. This work offers a possibility which can enrich the variety of the dynamical features of solutions for higher-dimensional nonlinear evolution equations.

Exact solution of the generalized Peierls equation for arbitrary n-fold screw dislocation

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Shaofeng; Hu, Xiangsheng

2018-05-01

The exact solution of the generalized Peierls equation is presented and proved for arbitrary n-fold screw dislocation. The displacement field, stress field and the energy of the n-fold dislocation are also evaluated explicitly. It is found that the solution defined on each individual fold is given by the tail cut from the original Peierls solution. In viewpoint of energetics, a screw dislocation has a tendency to spread the distribution on all possible slip planes which are contained in the dislocation line zone. Based on the exact solution, the approximated solution of the improved Peierls equation is proposed for the modified γ-surface.

Generalized Truncated Methods for an Efficient Solution of Retrial Systems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ma Jose Domenech-Benlloch

2008-01-01

Full Text Available We are concerned with the analytic solution of multiserver retrial queues including the impatience phenomenon. As there are not closed-form solutions to these systems, approximate methods are required. We propose two different generalized truncated methods to effectively solve this type of systems. The methods proposed are based on the homogenization of the state space beyond a given number of users in the retrial orbit. We compare the proposed methods with the most well-known methods appeared in the literature in a wide range of scenarios. We conclude that the proposed methods generally outperform previous proposals in terms of accuracy for the most common performance parameters used in retrial systems with a moderated growth in the computational cost.

General thermo-elastic solution of radially heterogeneous, spherically isotropic rotating sphere

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bayat, Yahya; EkhteraeiToussi, THamid [Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2015-06-15

A thick walled rotating spherical object made of transversely isotropic functionally graded materials (FGMs) with general types of thermo-mechanical boundary conditions is studied. The thermo-mechanical governing equations consisting of decoupled thermal and mechanical equations are represented. The centrifugal body forces of the rotation are considered in the modeling phase. The unsymmetrical thermo-mechanical boundary conditions and rotational body forces are expressed in terms of the Legendre series. The series method is also implemented in the solution of the resulting equations. The solutions are checked with the known literature and FEM based solutions of ABAQUS software. The effects of anisotropy and heterogeneity are studied through the case studies and the results are represented in different figures. The newly developed series form solution is applicable to the rotating FGM spherical transversely isotropic vessels having nonsymmetrical thermo-mechanical boundary condition.

Stability of oscillatory solutions of differential equations with a general piecewise constant argument

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kuo-Shou Chiu

2011-11-01

Full Text Available We examine scalar differential equations with a general piecewise constant argument, in short DEPCAG, that is, the argument is a general step function. Criteria of existence of the oscillatory and nonoscillatory solutions of such equations are proposed. Necessary and sufficient conditions for stability of the zero solution are obtained. Appropriate examples are given to show our results.

New multiple soliton solutions to the general Burgers-Fisher equation and the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Huaitang; Zhang Hongqing

2004-01-01

A generalized tanh function method is used for constructing exact travelling wave solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations in a unified way. The main idea of this method is to take full advantage of the Riccati equation which has more new solutions. More new multiple soliton solutions are obtained for the general Burgers-Fisher equation and the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation

New Generalized Hyperbolic Functions to Find New Exact Solutions of the Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yusuf Pandir

2013-01-01

Full Text Available We firstly give some new functions called generalized hyperbolic functions. By the using of the generalized hyperbolic functions, new kinds of transformations are defined to discover the exact approximate solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations. Based on the generalized hyperbolic function transformation of the generalized KdV equation and the coupled equal width wave equations (CEWE, we find new exact solutions of two equations and analyze the properties of them by taking different parameter values of the generalized hyperbolic functions. We think that these solutions are very important to explain some physical phenomena.

General solution of Poisson equation in three dimensions for disk-like galaxies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tong, Y.; Zheng, X.; Peng, O.

1982-01-01

The general solution of the Poisson equation is solved by means of integral transformations for Vertical BarkVertical Barr>>1 provided that the perturbed density of disk-like galaxies distributes along the radial direction according to the Hankel function. This solution can more accurately represent the outer spiral arms of disk-like galaxies

Chirped self-similar solutions of a generalized nonlinear Schroedinger equation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fei Jin-Xi [Lishui Univ., Zhejiang (China). College of Mathematics and Physics; Zheng Chun-Long [Shaoguan Univ., Guangdong (China). School of Physics and Electromechanical Engineering; Shanghai Univ. (China). Shanghai Inst. of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics

2011-01-15

An improved homogeneous balance principle and an F-expansion technique are used to construct exact chirped self-similar solutions to the generalized nonlinear Schroedinger equation with distributed dispersion, nonlinearity, and gain coefficients. Such solutions exist under certain conditions and impose constraints on the functions describing dispersion, nonlinearity, and distributed gain function. The results show that the chirp function is related only to the dispersion coefficient, however, it affects all of the system parameters, which influence the form of the wave amplitude. As few characteristic examples and some simple chirped self-similar waves are presented. (orig.)

Some new radiating Kerr-Newman solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Patel, L.K.; Singh, Tajinder; Koppar, S.S.

1991-01-01

Three exact non-static solutions of Einstein-Maxwell equations corresponding to a field of flowing null radiation plus an electromagnetic field are presented. These solutions are non-static generalizations of the well known Kerr-Newman solution. The current vector is null in all the three solutions. These solutions are the electromagnetic generalizations of the three generalized radiating Kerr solutions discussed by Vaidya and Patel. The solutions discussed here describe the exterior gravitational fields of rotating radiating charged bodies. Many known solutions are derived as particular cases. (author). 12 refs

Solution preparation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seitz, M.G.

1982-01-01

Reviewed in this statement are methods of preparing solutions to be used in laboratory experiments to examine technical issues related to the safe disposal of nuclear waste from power generation. Each approach currently used to prepare solutions has advantages and any one approach may be preferred over the others in particular situations, depending upon the goals of the experimental program. These advantages are highlighted herein for three approaches to solution preparation that are currently used most in studies of nuclear waste disposal. Discussion of the disadvantages of each approach is presented to help a user select a preparation method for his particular studies. Also presented in this statement are general observations regarding solution preparation. These observations are used as examples of the types of concerns that need to be addressed regarding solution preparation. As shown by these examples, prior to experimentation or chemical analyses, laboratory techniques based on scientific knowledge of solutions can be applied to solutions, often resulting in great improvement in the usefulness of results

An approximate JKR solution for a general contact, including rough contacts

Science.gov (United States)

Ciavarella, M.

2018-05-01

In the present note, we suggest a simple closed form approximate solution to the adhesive contact problem under the so-called JKR regime. The derivation is based on generalizing the original JKR energetic derivation assuming calculation of the strain energy in adhesiveless contact, and unloading at constant contact area. The underlying assumption is that the contact area distributions are the same as under adhesiveless conditions (for an appropriately increased normal load), so that in general the stress intensity factors will not be exactly equal at all contact edges. The solution is simply that the indentation is δ =δ1 -√{ 2 wA‧ /P″ } where w is surface energy, δ1 is the adhesiveless indentation, A‧ is the first derivative of contact area and P‧‧ the second derivative of the load with respect to δ1. The solution only requires macroscopic quantities, and not very elaborate local distributions, and is exact in many configurations like axisymmetric contacts, but also sinusoidal waves contact and correctly predicts some features of an ideal asperity model used as a test case and not as a real description of a rough contact problem. The solution permits therefore an estimate of the full solution for elastic rough solids with Gaussian multiple scales of roughness, which so far was lacking, using known adhesiveless simple results. The result turns out to depend only on rms amplitude and slopes of the surface, and as in the fractal limit, slopes would grow without limit, tends to the adhesiveless result - although in this limit the JKR model is inappropriate. The solution would also go to adhesiveless result for large rms amplitude of roughness hrms, irrespective of the small scale details, and in agreement with common sense, well known experiments and previous models by the author.

Magnetotail equilibrium theory - The general three-dimensional solution

Science.gov (United States)

Birn, J.

1987-01-01

The general magnetostatic equilibrium problem for the geomagnetic tail is reduced to the solution of ordinary differential equations and ordinary integrals. The theory allows the integration of the self-consistent magnetotail equilibrium field from the knowledge of four functions of two space variables: the neutral sheet location, the total pressure, the magnetic field strength, and the z component of the magnetic field at the neutral sheet.

Some new exact solutions of Jacobian elliptic function about the generalized Boussinesq equation and Boussinesq-Burgers equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Liang; Zhang Lifeng; Li Chongyin

2008-01-01

By using the modified mapping method, we find some new exact solutions of the generalized Boussinesq equation and the Boussinesq-Burgers equation. The solutions obtained in this paper include Jacobian elliptic function solutions, combined Jacobian elliptic function solutions, soliton solutions, triangular function solutions

The General Traveling Wave Solutions of the Fisher Equation with Degree Three

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wenjun Yuan

2013-01-01

degree three and the general meromorphic solutions of the integrable Fisher equations with degree three, which improves the corresponding results obtained by Feng and Li (2006, Guo and Chen (1991, and Ağırseven and Öziş (2010. Moreover, all wg,1(z are new general meromorphic solutions of the Fisher equations with degree three for c=±3/2. Our results show that the complex method provides a powerful mathematical tool for solving a large number of nonlinear partial differential equations in mathematical physics.

A general solution of the plane problem in thermoelasticity in polar coordinates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tabakman, H.D.; Lin, Y.J.

1977-01-01

A general solution, in polar coordinates, of the plane problem in thermoelasticity is obtained in terms of a stress and displacement function. The solution is valid for arbitrary temperature distribution T(r,theta). The characteristic feature of the paper is the forthright determination of the displacement components brought about by the introduction of a displacement function. (Auth.)

Exact solution for MHD flow of a generalized Oldroyd-B fluid with modified Darcy's law

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khan, M.; Hayat, T.; Asghar, S.

2005-12-01

This paper deals with an exact solution for the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a generalized Oldroyd-B fluid in a circular pipe. For the description of such a fluid, the fractional calculus approach has been used throughout the analysis. Based on modified Darcy's law for generalized Oldroyd-B fluid, the velocity field is calculated analytically. Several known solutions can be recovered as the limiting cases of our solution. (author)

Improved decay rates for solutions for a multidimensional generalized Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation

KAUST Repository

Said-Houari, Belkacem

2014-01-01

In this paper, we study the decay rates of solutions for the generalized Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation in multi-dimensional space. For initial data in some L1-weighted spaces, we prove faster decay rates of the solutions. More precisely, using the Fourier transform and the energy method, we show the global existence and the convergence rates of the solutions under the smallness assumption on the initial data and we give better decay rates of the solutions. This result improves early works in J. Differential Equations 158(2) (1999), 314-340 and Nonlinear Anal. 75(7) (2012), 3385-3392. © 2014-IOS Press.

Exact solution of the N-dimensional generalized Dirac-Coulomb equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tutik, R.S.

1992-01-01

An exact solution to the bound state problem for the N-dimensional generalized Dirac-Coulomb equation, whose potential contains both the Lorentz-vector and Lorentz-scalar terms of the Coulomb form, is obtained. 24 refs. (author)

Black holes in the Universe: Generalized Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gao Changjun; Chen Xuelei; Shen Yougen; Faraoni, Valerio

2011-01-01

We present new exact solutions which presumably describe black holes in the background of a spatially flat, pressureless dark-matter- or dark matter plus dark energy (DM+DE)- or quintom-dominated Universe. These solutions generalize Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi metrics. For a dark-matter- or (DM+DE)-dominated universe, the area of the black hole apparent horizon (AH) decreases with the expansion of the Universe while that of the cosmic AH increases. However, for a quintom-dominated universe, the black hole AH first shrinks and then expands, while the cosmic AH first expands and then shrinks. A (DM+DE)-dominated universe containing a black hole will evolve to the Schwarzschild-de Sitter solution with both AHs approaching constant size. In a quintom-dominated universe, the black hole and cosmic AHs will coincide at a certain time, after which the singularity becomes naked, violating cosmic censorship.

General solution for first order elliptic systems in the plane

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mshimba, A.S.

1990-01-01

It is shown that a system of 2n real-valued partial differential equations of first order, which under certain assumptions can be transformed to the so-called 'complex normal form', admits a general solution. 15 refs

Semiclassical series solution of the generalized phase shift atom--diatom scattering equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Squire, K.R.; Curtiss, C.F.

1980-01-01

A semiclassical series solution of the previously developed operator form of the generalized phase shift equations describing atom--diatom scattering is presented. This development is based on earlier work which led to a double series in powers of Planck's constant and a scaling parameter of the anisotropic portion of the intermolecular potential. The present solution is similar in that it is a double power series in Planck's constant and in the difference between the spherical radial momentum and a first order approximation. The present series solution avoids difficulties of the previous series associated with the classical turning point

Predictive Sampling of Rare Conformational Events in Aqueous Solution: Designing a Generalized Orthogonal Space Tempering Method.

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Chao; Li, Xubin; Wu, Dongsheng; Zheng, Lianqing; Yang, Wei

2016-01-12

In aqueous solution, solute conformational transitions are governed by intimate interplays of the fluctuations of solute-solute, solute-water, and water-water interactions. To promote molecular fluctuations to enhance sampling of essential conformational changes, a common strategy is to construct an expanded Hamiltonian through a series of Hamiltonian perturbations and thereby broaden the distribution of certain interactions of focus. Due to a lack of active sampling of configuration response to Hamiltonian transitions, it is challenging for common expanded Hamiltonian methods to robustly explore solvent mediated rare conformational events. The orthogonal space sampling (OSS) scheme, as exemplified by the orthogonal space random walk and orthogonal space tempering methods, provides a general framework for synchronous acceleration of slow configuration responses. To more effectively sample conformational transitions in aqueous solution, in this work, we devised a generalized orthogonal space tempering (gOST) algorithm. Specifically, in the Hamiltonian perturbation part, a solvent-accessible-surface-area-dependent term is introduced to implicitly perturb near-solute water-water fluctuations; more importantly in the orthogonal space response part, the generalized force order parameter is generalized as a two-dimension order parameter set, in which essential solute-solvent and solute-solute components are separately treated. The gOST algorithm is evaluated through a molecular dynamics simulation study on the explicitly solvated deca-alanine (Ala10) peptide. On the basis of a fully automated sampling protocol, the gOST simulation enabled repetitive folding and unfolding of the solvated peptide within a single continuous trajectory and allowed for detailed constructions of Ala10 folding/unfolding free energy surfaces. The gOST result reveals that solvent cooperative fluctuations play a pivotal role in Ala10 folding/unfolding transitions. In addition, our assessment

General-purpose chemical analyzer for on-line analyses of radioactive solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spencer, W.A.; Kronberg, J.W.

1983-01-01

An automated analyzer is being developed to perform analytical measurements on radioactive solutions on-line in a hostile environment. This General Purpose Chemical Analyzer (GPCA) samples a process stream, adds reagents, measures solution absorbances or electrode potentials, and automatically calculates the results. The use of modular components, under microprocessor control, permits a single analyzer design to carry out many types of analyses. This paper discusses the more important design criteria for the GPCA, and describes the equipment being tested in a prototype unit

Fundamental solutions for Schrödinger operators with general inverse square potentials

KAUST Repository

Chen, Huyuan; Alhomedan, Suad; Hajaiej, Hichem; Markowich, Peter A.

2017-01-01

In this paper, we clarify the fundamental solutions for Schrödinger operators given as (Formula presented.), where the potential V is a general inverse square potential in (Formula presented.) with (Formula presented.). In particular, letting (Formula presented.),(Formula presented.) where (Formula presented.), we discuss the existence and nonexistence of positive fundamental solutions for Hardy operator (Formula presented.), which depend on the parameter t.

Fundamental solutions for Schrödinger operators with general inverse square potentials

KAUST Repository

Chen, Huyuan

2017-03-17

In this paper, we clarify the fundamental solutions for Schrödinger operators given as (Formula presented.), where the potential V is a general inverse square potential in (Formula presented.) with (Formula presented.). In particular, letting (Formula presented.),(Formula presented.) where (Formula presented.), we discuss the existence and nonexistence of positive fundamental solutions for Hardy operator (Formula presented.), which depend on the parameter t.

Numerical solution of pipe flow problems for generalized Newtonian fluids

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Samuelsson, K.

1993-01-01

In this work we study the stationary laminar flow of incompressible generalized Newtonian fluids in a pipe with constant arbitrary cross-section. The resulting nonlinear boundary value problems can be written in a variational formulation and solved using finite elements and the augmented Lagrangian method. The solution of the boundary value problem is obtained by finding a saddle point of the augmented Lagrangian. In the algorithm the nonlinear part of the equations is treated locally and the solution is obtained by iteration between this nonlinear problem and a global linear problem. For the solution of the linear problem we use the SSOR preconditioned conjugate gradient method. The approximating problem is solved on a sequence of adaptively refined grids. A scheme for adjusting the value of the crucial penalization parameter of the augmented Lagrangian is proposed. Applications to pipe flow and a problem from the theory of capacities are given. (author) (34 refs.)

Alternate Solution to Generalized Bernoulli Equations via an Integrating Factor: An Exact Differential Equation Approach

Science.gov (United States)

Tisdell, C. C.

2017-01-01

Solution methods to exact differential equations via integrating factors have a rich history dating back to Euler (1740) and the ideas enjoy applications to thermodynamics and electromagnetism. Recently, Azevedo and Valentino presented an analysis of the generalized Bernoulli equation, constructing a general solution by linearizing the problem…

On generalized Melvin solution for the Lie algebra E6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bolokhov, S.V.; Ivashchuk, V.D.

2017-01-01

A multidimensional generalization of Melvin's solution for an arbitrary simple Lie algebra G is considered. The gravitational model in D dimensions, D ≥ 4, contains n 2-forms and l ≥ n scalar fields, where n is the rank of G. The solution is governed by a set of n functions H s (z) obeying n ordinary differential equations with certain boundary conditions imposed. It was conjectured earlier that these functions should be polynomials (the so-called fluxbrane polynomials). The polynomials H s (z), s = 1,.., 6, for the Lie algebra E 6 are obtained and a corresponding solution for l = n = 6 is presented. The polynomials depend upon integration constants Q s , s = 1,.., 6. They obey symmetry and duality identities. The latter ones are used in deriving asymptotic relations for solutions at large distances. The power-law asymptotic relations for E 6 -polynomials at large z are governed by the integer-valued matrix ν = A -1 (I + P), where A -1 is the inverse Cartan matrix, I is the identity matrix and P is a permutation matrix, corresponding to a generator of the Z 2 -group of symmetry of the Dynkin diagram. The 2-form fluxes Φ s , s = 1,.., 6, are calculated. (orig.)

General exact solution for homogeneous time-dependent self-gravitating perfect fluids

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaete, P.; Hojman, R.

1988-01-01

A procedure to obtain the general exact solution of Einstein equations for a self-gravitating spherically-symmetric static perfect fluid obeying an arbitrary equation of state, is applied to time-dependent Kantowsky-Sachs line elements (with spherical, planar and hyperbolic symmetry). As in the static case, the solution is generated by an arbitrary function of the independent variable and its first derivative. To illustrate the results, the whole family of (plane-symmetric) solutions with a ''gamma-law'' equation of state is explicity obtained in terms of simple known functions. It is also shown that, while in the static plane-symmtric line elements, every metric is in one to one correspondence with a ''partner-metric'' (both originated from the same generatrix function), in this case every generatrix function univocally determines one metric. (author) [pt

Conditional Stability of Solitary-Wave Solutions for Generalized Compound KdV Equation and Generalized Compound KdV-Burgers Equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Weiguo; Dong Chunyan; Fan Engui

2006-01-01

In this paper, we discuss conditional stability of solitary-wave solutions in the sense of Liapunov for the generalized compound KdV equation and the generalized compound KdV-Burgers equations. Linear stability of the exact solitary-wave solutions is proved for the above two types of equations when the small disturbance of travelling wave form satisfies some special conditions.

Tables of generalized Airy functions for the asymptotic solution of the differential equation

CERN Document Server

Nosova, L N

1965-01-01

Tables of Generalized Airy Functions for the Asymptotic Solution of the Differential Equations contains tables of the special functions, namely, the generalized Airy functions, and their first derivatives, for real and pure imaginary values. The tables are useful for calculations on toroidal shells, laminae, rode, and for the solution of certain other problems of mathematical physics. The values of the functions were computed on the ""Strela"" highspeed electronic computer.This book will be of great value to mathematicians, researchers, and students.

Automatic computation and solution of generalized harmonic balance equations

Science.gov (United States)

Peyton Jones, J. C.; Yaser, K. S. A.; Stevenson, J.

2018-02-01

Generalized methods are presented for generating and solving the harmonic balance equations for a broad class of nonlinear differential or difference equations and for a general set of harmonics chosen by the user. In particular, a new algorithm for automatically generating the Jacobian of the balance equations enables efficient solution of these equations using continuation methods. Efficient numeric validation techniques are also presented, and the combined algorithm is applied to the analysis of dc, fundamental, second and third harmonic response of a nonlinear automotive damper.

Existence of solution for a general fractional advection-dispersion equation

Science.gov (United States)

Torres Ledesma, César E.

2018-05-01

In this work, we consider the existence of solution to the following fractional advection-dispersion equation -d/dt ( p {_{-∞}}It^{β }(u'(t)) + q {t}I_{∞}^{β }(u'(t))) + b(t)u = f(t, u(t)),t\\in R where β \\in (0,1) , _{-∞}It^{β } and tI_{∞}^{β } denote left and right Liouville-Weyl fractional integrals of order β respectively, 0continuous functions. Due to the general assumption on the constant p and q, the problem (0.1) does not have a variational structure. Despite that, here we study it performing variational methods, combining with an iterative technique, and give an existence criteria of solution for the problem (0.1) under suitable assumptions.

Classes of general axisymmetric solutions of Einstein-Maxwell equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krori, K.D.; Choudhury, T.

1981-01-01

An exact solution of the Einstein equations for a stationary axially symmetric distribution of mass composed of all types of multipoles is obtained. Following Ernst (1968), from this vacuum solution the corresponding solution of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations is derived. A solution of Einstein-Maxwell fields for a static axially symmetric system composed of all types of multipoles is also obtained. (author)

Bolting multicenter solutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bena, Iosif [Institut de Physique Théorique, Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex (France); Bossard, Guillaume [Centre de Physique Théorique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex (France); Katmadas, Stefanos; Turton, David [Institut de Physique Théorique, Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex (France)

2017-01-30

We introduce a solvable system of equations that describes non-extremal multicenter solutions to six-dimensional ungauged supergravity coupled to tensor multiplets. The system involves a set of functions on a three-dimensional base metric. We obtain a family of non-extremal axisymmetric solutions that generalize the known multicenter extremal solutions, using a particular base metric that introduces a bolt. We analyze the conditions for regularity, and in doing so we show that this family does not include solutions that contain an extremal black hole and a smooth bolt. We determine the constraints that are necessary to obtain smooth horizonless solutions involving a bolt and an arbitrary number of Gibbons-Hawking centers.

Generalized Stokes eignefunctions: a new trial basis for the solution of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Batcho, P.F.; Karniadakis, G.E.

1994-01-01

The present study focuses on the solution of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in general, non-separable domains, and employs a Galerkin projection of divergence-free vector functions as a trail basis. This basis is obtained from the solution of a generalized constrained Stokes eigen-problem in the domain of interest. Faster convergence can be achieved by constructing a singular Stokes eigen-problem in which the Stokes operator is modified to include a variable coefficient which vanishes at the domain boundaries. The convergence properties of such functions are advantageous in a least squares sense and are shown to produce significantly better approximations to the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations in post-critical states where unsteadiness characterizes the flowfield. Solutions for the eigen-systems are efficiently accomplished using a combined Lanczos-Uzawa algorithm and spectral element discretizations. Results are presented for different simulations using these global spectral trial basis on non-separable and multiply-connected domains. It is confirmed that faster convergence is obtained using the singular eigen-expansions in approximating stationary Navier-Stokes solutions in general domains. It is also shown that 100-mode expansions of time-dependent solutions based on the singular Stokes eigenfunctions are sufficient to accurately predict the dynamics of flows in such domains, including Hopf bifurcations, intermittency, and details of flow structures

A general solution to the material performance index for bending strength design

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burgess, S.C.; Pasini, D.; Smith, D.J.; Alemzadeh, K.

2006-01-01

This paper presents a general solution to the material performance index for the bending strength design of beams. In general, the performance index for strength design is ρ f q /ρ where σ f is the material strength, ρ is the material density and q is a function of the direction of scaling. Previous studies have only solved q for three particular cases: proportional scaling of width and height (q=2/3), constrained height (q=1) and constrained width (q=1/2). This paper presents a general solution to the exponent q for any arbitrary direction of scaling. The index is used to produce performance maps that rank relative material performance for particular design cases. The performance index and the performance maps are applied to a design case study

Centennial of General Relativity (1915-2015); The Schwarzschild Solution and Black Holes

OpenAIRE

Blinder, S. M.

2015-01-01

This year marks the 100th anniversary of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity (1915-2015). The first nontrivial solution of the Einstein field equations was derived by Karl Schwarzschild in 1916. This Note will focus mainly on the Schwarzschild solution and the remarkable developments which it inspired, the most dramatic being the prediction of black holes. Later extensions of Schwarzschild's spacetime structure has led to even wilder conjectures, such as white holes and passages to other ...

Classical solutions in supergravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baaklini, N.S.; Ferrara, S.; Nieuwenhuizen Van, P.

1977-06-01

Classical solutions of supergravity are obtained by making finite global supersymmetry rotation on known solutions of the field equations of the bosonic sector. The Schwarzschild and the Reissner-Nordstoem solutions of general relativity are extended to various supergravity systems and the modification to the perihelion precession of planets is discussed

Analytical Solution of a Generalized Hirota-Satsuma Equation

Science.gov (United States)

Kassem, M.; Mabrouk, S.; Abd-el-Malek, M.

A modified version of generalized Hirota-Satsuma is here solved using a two parameter group transformation method. This problem in three dimensions was reduced by Estevez [1] to a two dimensional one through a Lie transformation method and left unsolved. In the present paper, through application of symmetry transformation the Lax pair has been reduced to a system of ordinary equations. Three transformations cases are investigated. The obtained analytical solutions are plotted and show a profile proper to deflagration processes, well described by Degasperis-Procesi equation.

Trial function method and exact solutions to the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation with time-dependent coefficient

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cao Rui; Zhang Jian

2013-01-01

In this paper, the trial function method is extended to study the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation with time-dependent coefficients. On the basis of a generalized traveling wave transformation and a trial function, we investigate the exact envelope traveling wave solutions of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation with time-dependent coefficients. Taking advantage of solutions to trial function, we successfully obtain exact solutions for the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation with time-dependent coefficients under constraint conditions. (general)

New exact solutions of the generalized Zakharov–Kuznetsov ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

years, Liu and other researchers developed the trial equation method and its ... soliton, elliptic integral function and Jacobi elliptic function solutions. ... nonlinearity parameter, is a positive real number. ..... reduce to rational function solution.

Global existence of a generalized solution for the radiative transfer equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Golse, F.; Perthame, B.

1984-01-01

We prove global existence of a generalized solution of the radiative transfer equations, extending Mercier's result to the case of a layer with an initially cold area. Our Theorem relies on the results of Crandall and Ligett [fr

Generalized Asymptotically Almost Periodic and Generalized Asymptotically Almost Automorphic Solutions of Abstract Multiterm Fractional Differential Inclusions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

G. M. N’Guérékata

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The main aim of this paper is to investigate generalized asymptotical almost periodicity and generalized asymptotical almost automorphy of solutions to a class of abstract (semilinear multiterm fractional differential inclusions with Caputo derivatives. We illustrate our abstract results with several examples and possible applications.

Travelling wave solutions in a class of generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shen Jianwei; Xu Wei

2007-01-01

In this paper, we consider a new generalization of KdV equation u t = u x u l-2 + α[2u xxx u p + 4pu p-1 u x u xx + p(p - 1)u p-2 (u x ) 3 ] and investigate its bifurcation of travelling wave solutions. From the above analysis, we know that there exists compacton and cusp waves in the system. We explain the reason that these non-smooth travelling wave solution arise by using the bifurcation theory

Quantum solutions for Prisoner's Dilemma game with general parameters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun, Z.W.; Jin, H.; Zhao, H.

2008-01-01

The quantum game of the Prisoner's Dilemma with general payoff matrix was studied in L. Marinatto and T. Weber's scheme presented in [Phys. Lett. A 272 (2000) 291, so that the results of two schemes of the quantum game can be compared. The Nash equilibria and the solutions of the game are obtained. They are related to initial state, matrix parameters and the intervals among the parameters. It can be concluded from the results that the quantum PD game in Marinatto and Weber's scheme matches the one in Eisert et al.'s scheme, one with general unitary operations.

Exact solutions for helical magnetohydrodynamic equilibria. II. Nonstatic and nonbarotropic solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Villata, M.; Ferrari, A.

1994-01-01

In the framework of the analytical study of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibria with flow and nonuniform density, a general family of well-behaved exact solutions of the generalized Grad--Shafranov equation and of the whole set of time-independent MHD equations completed by the nonbarotropic ideal gas equation of state is obtained, both in helical and axial symmetry. The helical equilibrium solutions are suggested to be relevant to describe the helical morphology of some astrophysical jets

Path integral solution of linear second order partial differential equations I: the general construction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

LaChapelle, J.

2004-01-01

A path integral is presented that solves a general class of linear second order partial differential equations with Dirichlet/Neumann boundary conditions. Elementary kernels are constructed for both Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. The general solution can be specialized to solve elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic partial differential equations with boundary conditions. This extends the well-known path integral solution of the Schroedinger/diffusion equation in unbounded space. The construction is based on a framework for functional integration introduced by Cartier/DeWitt-Morette

A general method for enclosing solutions of interval linear equations

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Rohn, Jiří

2012-01-01

Roč. 6, č. 4 (2012), s. 709-717 ISSN 1862-4472 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA201/09/1957; GA ČR GC201/08/J020 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10300504 Keywords : interval linear equations * solution set * enclosure * absolute value inequality Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 1.654, year: 2012

First general solutions for unidirectional motions of rate type fluids over an infinite plate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Constantin Fetecau

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Based on a simple but important remark regarding the governing equation for the non-trivial shear stress corresponding to the motion of a fluid over an infinite plate, exact solutions are established for the motion of Oldroyd-B fluids due to the plate that applies an arbitrary time-dependent shear stress to the fluid. These solutions, that allow us to provide the first exact solutions for motions of rate type fluids produced by an infinite plate that applies constant, constantly accelerating or oscillating shears stresses to the fluid, can easily be reduced to the similar solutions for Maxwell, second grade or Newtonian fluids performing the same motion. Furthermore, the obtained solutions are used to develop general solutions for the motion induced by a moving plate and to correct or recover as special cases different known results from the existing literature. Consequently, the motion problem of such fluids over an infinite plate that is moving in its plane or applies a shear stress to the fluid is completely solved.

Existence of Generalized Homoclinic Solutions of Lotka-Volterra System under a Small Perturbation

OpenAIRE

Mi, Yuzhen

2016-01-01

This paper investigates Lotka-Volterra system under a small perturbation vxx=-μ(1-a2u-v)v+ϵf(ϵ,v,vx,u,ux), uxx=-(1-u-a1v)u+ϵg(ϵ,v,vx,u,ux). By the Fourier series expansion technique method, the fixed point theorem, the perturbation theorem, and the reversibility, we prove that near μ=0 the system has a generalized homoclinic solution exponentially approaching a periodic solution.

Existence of Generalized Homoclinic Solutions of Lotka-Volterra System under a Small Perturbation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yuzhen Mi

2016-01-01

Full Text Available This paper investigates Lotka-Volterra system under a small perturbation vxx=-μ(1-a2u-vv+ϵf(ϵ,v,vx,u,ux, uxx=-(1-u-a1vu+ϵg(ϵ,v,vx,u,ux. By the Fourier series expansion technique method, the fixed point theorem, the perturbation theorem, and the reversibility, we prove that near μ=0 the system has a generalized homoclinic solution exponentially approaching a periodic solution.

Periodic solutions of differential equations with a general piecewise constant argument and applications

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kuo-Shou Chiu

2010-08-01

Full Text Available In this paper we investigate the existence of the periodic solutions of a quasilinear differential equation with piecewise constant argument of generalized type. By using some fixed point theorems and some new analysis technique, sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence and uniqueness of periodic solutions of these systems. A new Gronwall type lemma is proved. Some examples concerning biological models as Lasota-Wazewska, Nicholson's blowflies and logistic models are treated.

Colliding black hole solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmed, Mainuddin

2005-01-01

A new solution of Einstein equation in general relativity is found. This solution solves an outstanding problem of thermodynamics and black hole physics. Also this work appears to conclude the interpretation of NUT spacetime. (author)

Traveling wave solutions of the Boussinesq equation via the new approach of generalized (G'/G)-expansion method.

Science.gov (United States)

Alam, Md Nur; Akbar, M Ali; Roshid, Harun-Or-

2014-01-01

Exact solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) play a vital role to reveal the internal mechanism of complex physical phenomena. In this work, the exact traveling wave solutions of the Boussinesq equation is studied by using the new generalized (G'/G)-expansion method. Abundant traveling wave solutions with arbitrary parameters are successfully obtained by this method and the wave solutions are expressed in terms of the hyperbolic, trigonometric, and rational functions. It is shown that the new approach of generalized (G'/G)-expansion method is a powerful and concise mathematical tool for solving nonlinear partial differential equations in mathematical physics and engineering. 05.45.Yv, 02.30.Jr, 02.30.Ik.

Unified semiclassical theory for the two-state system: an analytical solution for general nonadiabatic tunneling.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Chaoyuan; Lin, Sheng Hsien

2006-07-28

Unified semiclasical solution for general nonadiabatic tunneling between two adiabatic potential energy surfaces is established by employing unified semiclassical solution for pure nonadiabatic transition [C. Zhu, J. Chem. Phys. 105, 4159 (1996)] with the certain symmetry transformation. This symmetry comes from a detailed analysis of the reduced scattering matrix for Landau-Zener type of crossing as a special case of nonadiabatic transition and nonadiabatic tunneling. Traditional classification of crossing and noncrossing types of nonadiabatic transition can be quantitatively defined by the rotation angle of adiabatic-to-diabatic transformation, and this rotational angle enters the analytical solution for general nonadiabatic tunneling. The certain two-state exponential potential models are employed for numerical tests, and the calculations from the present general nonadiabatic tunneling formula are demonstrated in very good agreement with the results from exact quantum mechanical calculations. The present general nonadiabatic tunneling formula can be incorporated with various mixed quantum-classical methods for modeling electronically nonadiabatic processes in photochemistry.

A non-local theory of generalized entropy solutions of the Cauchy problem for a class of hyperbolic systems of conservation laws

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Panov, E Yu

1999-01-01

We consider a hyperbolic system of conservation laws on the space of symmetric second-order matrices. The right-hand side of this system contains the functional calculus operator f-bar(U) generated in the general case only by a continuous scalar function f(u). For these systems we define and describe the set of singular entropies, introduce the concept of generalized entropy solutions of the corresponding Cauchy problem, and investigate the properties of generalized entropy solutions. We define the class of strong generalized entropy solutions, in which the Cauchy problem has precisely one solution. We suggest a condition on the initial data under which any generalized entropy solution is strong, which implies its uniqueness. Under this condition we establish that the 'vanishing viscosity' method converges. An example shows that in the general case there can be more than one generalized entropy solution

Thick brane solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir; Minamitsuji, Masato; Folomeev, Vladimir

2010-01-01

This paper gives a comprehensive review on thick brane solutions and related topics. Such models have attracted much attention from many aspects since the birth of the brane world scenario. In many works, it has been usually assumed that a brane is an infinitely thin object; however, in more general situations, one can no longer assume this. It is also widely considered that more fundamental theories such as string theory would have a minimal length scale. Many multidimensional field theories coupled to gravitation have exact solutions of gravitating topological defects, which can represent our brane world. The inclusion of brane thickness can realize a variety of possible brane world models. Given our understanding, the known solutions can be classified into topologically non-trivial solutions and trivial ones. The former class contains solutions of a single scalar (domain walls), multi-scalar, gauge-Higgs (vortices), Weyl gravity and so on. As an example of the latter class, we consider solutions of two interacting scalar fields. Approaches to obtain cosmological equations in the thick brane world are reviewed. Solutions with spatially extended branes (S-branes) and those with an extra time-like direction are also discussed.

Numerical solution to generalized Burgers'-Fisher equation using Exp-function method hybridized with heuristic computation.

Science.gov (United States)

Malik, Suheel Abdullah; Qureshi, Ijaz Mansoor; Amir, Muhammad; Malik, Aqdas Naveed; Haq, Ihsanul

2015-01-01

In this paper, a new heuristic scheme for the approximate solution of the generalized Burgers'-Fisher equation is proposed. The scheme is based on the hybridization of Exp-function method with nature inspired algorithm. The given nonlinear partial differential equation (NPDE) through substitution is converted into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (NODE). The travelling wave solution is approximated by the Exp-function method with unknown parameters. The unknown parameters are estimated by transforming the NODE into an equivalent global error minimization problem by using a fitness function. The popular genetic algorithm (GA) is used to solve the minimization problem, and to achieve the unknown parameters. The proposed scheme is successfully implemented to solve the generalized Burgers'-Fisher equation. The comparison of numerical results with the exact solutions, and the solutions obtained using some traditional methods, including adomian decomposition method (ADM), homotopy perturbation method (HPM), and optimal homotopy asymptotic method (OHAM), show that the suggested scheme is fairly accurate and viable for solving such problems.

Numerical solution to generalized Burgers'-Fisher equation using Exp-function method hybridized with heuristic computation.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suheel Abdullah Malik

Full Text Available In this paper, a new heuristic scheme for the approximate solution of the generalized Burgers'-Fisher equation is proposed. The scheme is based on the hybridization of Exp-function method with nature inspired algorithm. The given nonlinear partial differential equation (NPDE through substitution is converted into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (NODE. The travelling wave solution is approximated by the Exp-function method with unknown parameters. The unknown parameters are estimated by transforming the NODE into an equivalent global error minimization problem by using a fitness function. The popular genetic algorithm (GA is used to solve the minimization problem, and to achieve the unknown parameters. The proposed scheme is successfully implemented to solve the generalized Burgers'-Fisher equation. The comparison of numerical results with the exact solutions, and the solutions obtained using some traditional methods, including adomian decomposition method (ADM, homotopy perturbation method (HPM, and optimal homotopy asymptotic method (OHAM, show that the suggested scheme is fairly accurate and viable for solving such problems.

AdS solutions through transgression

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Donos, Aristomenis; Gauntlett, Jerome P.; Kim, Nakwoo

2008-01-01

We present new classes of explicit supersymmetric AdS 3 solutions of type IIB supergravity with non-vanishing five-form flux and AdS 2 solutions of D = 11 supergravity with electric four-form flux. The former are dual to two-dimensional SCFTs with (0,2) supersymmetry and the latter to supersymmetric quantum mechanics with two supercharges. We also investigate more general classes of AdS 3 solutions of type IIB supergravity and AdS 2 solutions of D = 11 supergravity which in addition have non-vanishing three-form flux and magnetic four-form flux, respectively. The construction of these more general solutions makes essential use of the Chern-Simons or 'transgression' terms in the Bianchi identity or the equation of motion of the field strengths in the supergravity theories. We construct infinite new classes of explicit examples and for some of the type IIB solutions determine the central charge of the dual SCFTs. The type IIB solutions with non-vanishing three-form flux that we construct include a two-torus, and after two T-dualities and an S-duality, we obtain new AdS 3 solutions with only the NS fields being non-trivial.

Solution method for the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in generalized coordinate systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rosenfeld, M.; Kwak, D.; Vinokur, M.

1988-01-01

A solution method based on a fractional step approach is developed for obtaining time-dependent solutions of the three-dimensional, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in generalized coordinate systems. The governing equations are discretized conservatively by finite volumes using a staggered mesh system. The primitive variable formulation uses the volume fluxes across the faces of each computational cell as dependent variables. This procedure, combined with accurate and consistent approximations of geometric parameters, is done to satisfy the discretized mass conservation equation to machine accuracy as well as to gain favorable convergence properties of the Poisson solver. The discretized equations are second-order-accurate in time and space and no smoothing terms are added. An approximate-factorization scheme is implemented in solving the momentum equations. A novel ZEBRA scheme with four-color ordering is devised for the efficient solution of the Poisson equation. Several two and three-dimensional solutions are compared with other numerical and experimental results to validate the present method. 23 references

On generalized Melvin solution for the Lie algebra E{sub 6}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bolokhov, S.V. [Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow (Russian Federation); Ivashchuk, V.D. [VNIIMS, Center for Gravitation and Fundamental Metrology, Moscow (Russian Federation); Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow (Russian Federation)

2017-10-15

A multidimensional generalization of Melvin's solution for an arbitrary simple Lie algebra G is considered. The gravitational model in D dimensions, D ≥ 4, contains n 2-forms and l ≥ n scalar fields, where n is the rank of G. The solution is governed by a set of n functions H{sub s}(z) obeying n ordinary differential equations with certain boundary conditions imposed. It was conjectured earlier that these functions should be polynomials (the so-called fluxbrane polynomials). The polynomials H{sub s}(z), s = 1,.., 6, for the Lie algebra E{sub 6} are obtained and a corresponding solution for l = n = 6 is presented. The polynomials depend upon integration constants Q{sub s}, s = 1,.., 6. They obey symmetry and duality identities. The latter ones are used in deriving asymptotic relations for solutions at large distances. The power-law asymptotic relations for E{sub 6}-polynomials at large z are governed by the integer-valued matrix ν = A{sup -1}(I + P), where A{sup -1} is the inverse Cartan matrix, I is the identity matrix and P is a permutation matrix, corresponding to a generator of the Z{sub 2}-group of symmetry of the Dynkin diagram. The 2-form fluxes Φ{sup s}, s = 1,.., 6, are calculated. (orig.)

Elliptic solutions of generalized Brans-Dicke gravity with a non-universal coupling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alimi, J.M.; Reverdy, V. [Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Univers et Theories (LUTh), Meudon (France); Golubtsova, A.A. [Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Univers et Theories (LUTh), Meudon (France); Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Institute of Gravitation and Cosmology, Moscow (Russian Federation)

2014-10-15

We study a model of the generalized Brans-Dicke gravity presented in both the Jordan and in the Einstein frames, which are conformally related. We show that the scalar field equations in the Einstein frame are reduced to the geodesics equations on the target space of the nonlinear sigma model. The analytical solutions in elliptical functions are obtained when the conformal couplings are given by reciprocal exponential functions. The behavior of the scale factor in the Jordan frame is studied using numerical computations. For certain parameters the solutions can describe an accelerated expansion. We also derive an analytical approximation in exponential functions. (orig.)

Passive House Solutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Strom, I.; Joosten, L.; Boonstra, C. [DHV Sustainability Consultants, Eindhoiven (Netherlands)

2006-05-15

PEP stands for 'Promotion of European Passive Houses' and is a consortium of European partners, supported by the European Commission, Directorate General for Energy and Transport. In this working paper an overview is given of Passive House solutions. An inventory has been made of Passive House solutions for new build residences applied in each country. Based on this, the most common basic solutions have been identified and described in further detail, including the extent to which solutions are applied in common and best practice and expected barriers for the implementation in each country. An inventory per country is included in the appendix. The analysis of Passive House solutions in partner countries shows high priority with regard to the performance of the thermal envelope, such as high insulation of walls, roofs, floors and windows/ doors, thermal bridge-free construction and air tightness. Due to the required air tightness, special attention must be paid to indoor air quality through proper ventilation. Finally, efficient ((semi-)solar) heating systems for combined space and DHW heating still require a significant amount of attention in most partner countries. Other basic Passive House solutions show a smaller discrepancy with common practice and fewer barriers have been encountered in partner countries. In the next section, the general barriers in partner countries have been inventoried. For each type of barrier a suggested approach has been given. Most frequently encountered barriers in partner countries are: limited know-how; limited contractor skills; and acceptation of Passive Houses in the market. Based on the suggested approaches to overcoming barriers, this means that a great deal of attention must be paid to providing practical information and solutions to building professionals, providing practical training to installers and contractors and communication about the Passive House concept to the market.

Exact periodic solutions of the sixth-order generalized Boussinesq equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kamenov, O Y

2009-01-01

This paper examines a class of nonlinear sixth-order generalized Boussinesq-like equations (SGBE): u tt = u xx + 3(u 2 ) xx + u xxxx + αu xxxxxx , α in R, depending on the positive parameter α. Hirota's bilinear transformation method is applied to the above class of non-integrable equations and exact periodic solutions have been obtained. The results confirmed the well-known nonlinear superposition principle.

Solution of the Baxter equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Janik, R.A.

1996-01-01

We present a method of construction of a family of solutions of the Baxter equation arising in the Generalized Leading Logarithmic Approximation (GLLA) of the QCD pomeron. The details are given for the exchange of N = 2 reggeons but everything can be generalized in a straightforward way to arbitrary N. A specific choice of solutions is shown to reproduce the correct energy levels for half integral conformal weights. It is shown that the Baxter's equation must be supplemented by an additional condition on the solution. (author)

Exact Solutions for Two Equation Hierarchies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song-Lin, Zhao; Da-Jun, Zhang; Jie, Ji

2010-01-01

Bilinear forms and double-Wronskian solutions are given for two hierarchies, the (2+1)-dimensional breaking Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur (AKNS) hierarchy and the negative order AKNS hierarchy. According to some choices of the coefficient matrix in the Wronskian condition equation set, we obtain some kinds of solutions for these two hierarchies, such as solitons, Jordan block solutions, rational solutions, complexitons and mixed solutions. (general)

Solutions to the maximal spacelike hypersurface equation in generalized Robertson-Walker spacetimes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Henrique F. de Lima

2018-03-01

Full Text Available We apply some generalized maximum principles for establishing uniqueness and nonexistence results concerning maximal spacelike hypersurfaces immersed in a generalized Robertson-Walker (GRW spacetime, which is supposed to obey the so-called timelike convergence condition (TCC. As application, we study the uniqueness and nonexistence of entire solutions of a suitable maximal spacelike hypersurface equation in GRW spacetimes obeying the TCC.

Voltage quality: solutions of desensitization; Qualite de la tension: les solutions de desensibilisation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

1999-10-01

The occurrence of voltage drops and cuts can lead to major malfunctions in electrical installations with sometimes important economical impacts. Thus, the use of solutions of desensitization are needed to avoid such disturbances. This technical paper gives a summary of the basic solutions elaborated by Electricite de France (EdF) with the participation of electrical engineering associations in order to solve the problems encountered in existing installations and to provide specifications for the newly designed installations: the desensitization process (origin of voltage drops, solutions, costs), the diagnosis of industrial installations (identification, quantitative analysis and recording of disturbances, complementary informations, causes, economical impact, solutions, costs, remedial action), the general and specific solutions of desensitization (instrumentation and control systems, switches, relays, motors, speed regulators and variators), specific solutions for computerized and electronic systems, and the role of batteries. (J.S.)

Generalized Langevin Theory Of The Brownian Motion And The Dynamics Of Polymers In Solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tothova, J.; Lisy, V.

2015-01-01

The review deals with a generalization of the Rouse and Zimm bead-spring models of the dynamics of flexible polymers in dilute solutions. As distinct from these popular theories, the memory in the polymer motion is taken into account. The memory naturally arises as a consequence of the fluid and bead inertia within the linearized Navier-Stokes hydrodynamics. We begin with a generalization of the classical theory of the Brownian motion, which forms the basis of any theory of the polymer dynamics. The random force driving the Brownian particles is not the white one as in the Langevin theory, but “colored”, i.e., statistically correlated in time, and the friction force on the particles depends on the history of their motion. An efficient method of solving the resulting generalized Langevin equations is presented and applied to the solution of the equations of motion of polymer beads. The memory effects lead to several peculiarities in the time correlation functions used to describe the dynamics of polymer chains. So, the mean square displacement of the polymer coils contains algebraic long-time tails and at short times it is ballistic. It is shown how these features reveal in the experimentally observable quantities, such as the dynamic structure factors of the scattering or the viscosity of polymer solutions. A phenomenological theory is also presented that describes the dependence of these quantities on the polymer concentration in solution. (author)

General properties of solutions to inhomogeneous Black-Scholes equations with discontinuous maturity payoffs

Science.gov (United States)

O, Hyong-Chol; Jo, Jong-Jun; Kim, Ji-Sok

2016-02-01

We provide representations of solutions to terminal value problems of inhomogeneous Black-Scholes equations and study such general properties as min-max estimates, gradient estimates, monotonicity and convexity of the solutions with respect to the stock price variable, which are important for financial security pricing. In particular, we focus on finding representation of the gradient (with respect to the stock price variable) of solutions to the terminal value problems with discontinuous terminal payoffs or inhomogeneous terms. Such terminal value problems are often encountered in pricing problems of compound-like options such as Bermudan options or defaultable bonds with discrete default barrier, default intensity and endogenous default recovery. Our results can be used in pricing real defaultable bonds under consideration of existence of discrete coupons or taxes on coupons.

General-base catalysed hydrolysis and nucleophilic substitution of activated amides in aqueous solutions

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Buurma, NJ; Blandamer, MJ; Engberts, JBFN; Buurma, Niklaas J.

The reactivity of 1-benzoyl-3-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole (1a) was studied in the presence of a range of weak bases in aqueous solution. A change in mechanism is observed from general-base catalysed hydrolysis to nucleophilic substitution and general-base catalysed nucleophilic substitution. A slight

Embedded class solutions compatible for physical compact stars in general relativity

Science.gov (United States)

Newton Singh, Ksh.; Pant, Neeraj; Tewari, Neeraj; Aria, Anil K.

2018-05-01

We have explored a family of new solutions satisfying Einstein's field equations and Karmarkar condition. We have assumed an anisotropic stress-tensor with no net electric charge. Interestingly, the new solutions yield zero values of all the physical quantities for all even integer n > 0. However, for all n >0 (n ≠ even numbers) they yield physically possible solutions. We have tuned the solution for neutron star Vela X-1 so that the solutions matches the observed mass and radius. For the same star we have extensively discussed the behavior of the solutions. The solutions yield a stiffer equation of state for larger values of n since the adiabatic index increases and speed of sound approaches the speed of light. It is also found that the solution is physically possible for Vela X-1 if 1.8 ≤ n < 7 (with n≠ 2,4,6). All the solutions for n ≥ 7 violates the causality condition and all the solutions with 0 < n < 1.8 lead to complex values of transverse sound speed vt. The range of well-behaved n depends on the mass and radius of compact stars.

Recursive algorithm for arrays of generalized Bessel functions: Numerical access to Dirac-Volkov solutions.

Science.gov (United States)

Lötstedt, Erik; Jentschura, Ulrich D

2009-02-01

In the relativistic and the nonrelativistic theoretical treatment of moderate and high-power laser-matter interaction, the generalized Bessel function occurs naturally when a Schrödinger-Volkov and Dirac-Volkov solution is expanded into plane waves. For the evaluation of cross sections of quantum electrodynamic processes in a linearly polarized laser field, it is often necessary to evaluate large arrays of generalized Bessel functions, of arbitrary index but with fixed arguments. We show that the generalized Bessel function can be evaluated, in a numerically stable way, by utilizing a recurrence relation and a normalization condition only, without having to compute any initial value. We demonstrate the utility of the method by illustrating the quantum-classical correspondence of the Dirac-Volkov solutions via numerical calculations.

Cusping, transport and variance of solutions to generalized Fokker-Planck equations

Science.gov (United States)

Carnaffan, Sean; Kawai, Reiichiro

2017-06-01

We study properties of solutions to generalized Fokker-Planck equations through the lens of the probability density functions of anomalous diffusion processes. In particular, we examine solutions in terms of their cusping, travelling wave behaviours, and variance, within the framework of stochastic representations of generalized Fokker-Planck equations. We give our analysis in the cases of anomalous diffusion driven by the inverses of the stable, tempered stable and gamma subordinators, demonstrating the impact of changing the distribution of waiting times in the underlying anomalous diffusion model. We also analyse the cases where the underlying anomalous diffusion contains a Lévy jump component in the parent process, and when a diffusion process is time changed by an uninverted Lévy subordinator. On the whole, we present a combination of four criteria which serve as a theoretical basis for model selection, statistical inference and predictions for physical experiments on anomalously diffusing systems. We discuss possible applications in physical experiments, including, with reference to specific examples, the potential for model misclassification and how combinations of our four criteria may be used to overcome this issue.

Generalized Bilinear Differential Operators, Binary Bell Polynomials, and Exact Periodic Wave Solution of Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli Equation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Huanhe Dong

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We introduce how to obtain the bilinear form and the exact periodic wave solutions of a class of (2+1-dimensional nonlinear integrable differential equations directly and quickly with the help of the generalized Dp-operators, binary Bell polynomials, and a general Riemann theta function in terms of the Hirota method. As applications, we solve the periodic wave solution of BLMP equation and it can be reduced to soliton solution via asymptotic analysis when the value of p is 5.

Holographic thermalization and generalized Vaidya-AdS solutions in massive gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hu, Ya-Peng; Zeng, Xiao-Xiong; Zhang, Hai-Qing

2017-01-01

We investigate the effect of massive graviton on the holographic thermalization process. Before doing this, we first find out the generalized Vaidya-AdS solutions in the de Rham–Gabadadze–Tolley (dRGT) massive gravity by directly solving the gravitational equations. Then, we study the thermodynamics of these Vaidya-AdS solutions by using the Misner–Sharp energy and unified first law, which also shows that the massive gravity is in a thermodynamic equilibrium state. Moreover, we adopt the two-point correlation function at equal time to explore the thermalization process in the dual field theory, and to see how the graviton mass parameter affects this process from the viewpoint of AdS/CFT correspondence. Our results show that the graviton mass parameter will increase the holographic thermalization process.

Holographic thermalization and generalized Vaidya-AdS solutions in massive gravity

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Ya-Peng; Zeng, Xiao-Xiong; Zhang, Hai-Qing

2017-02-01

We investigate the effect of massive graviton on the holographic thermalization process. Before doing this, we first find out the generalized Vaidya-AdS solutions in the de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley (dRGT) massive gravity by directly solving the gravitational equations. Then, we study the thermodynamics of these Vaidya-AdS solutions by using the Misner-Sharp energy and unified first law, which also shows that the massive gravity is in a thermodynamic equilibrium state. Moreover, we adopt the two-point correlation function at equal time to explore the thermalization process in the dual field theory, and to see how the graviton mass parameter affects this process from the viewpoint of AdS/CFT correspondence. Our results show that the graviton mass parameter will increase the holographic thermalization process.

Holographic thermalization and generalized Vaidya-AdS solutions in massive gravity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hu, Ya-Peng, E-mail: huyp@nuaa.edu.cn [College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016 (China); Instituut-Lorentz for Theoretical Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden 2333 CA (Netherlands); State Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 (China); Zeng, Xiao-Xiong, E-mail: xxzengphysics@163.com [State Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 (China); School of Science, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074 (China); Zhang, Hai-Qing, E-mail: H.Q.Zhang@uu.nl [Institute for Theoretical Physics, Center for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht (Netherlands)

2017-02-10

We investigate the effect of massive graviton on the holographic thermalization process. Before doing this, we first find out the generalized Vaidya-AdS solutions in the de Rham–Gabadadze–Tolley (dRGT) massive gravity by directly solving the gravitational equations. Then, we study the thermodynamics of these Vaidya-AdS solutions by using the Misner–Sharp energy and unified first law, which also shows that the massive gravity is in a thermodynamic equilibrium state. Moreover, we adopt the two-point correlation function at equal time to explore the thermalization process in the dual field theory, and to see how the graviton mass parameter affects this process from the viewpoint of AdS/CFT correspondence. Our results show that the graviton mass parameter will increase the holographic thermalization process.

Approximate solution of generalized Ginzburg-Landau-Higgs system via homotopy perturbation method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lu Juhong [School of Physics and Electromechanical Engineering, Shaoguan Univ., Guangdong (China); Dept. of Information Engineering, Coll. of Lishui Professional Tech., Zhejiang (China); Zheng Chunlong [School of Physics and Electromechanical Engineering, Shaoguan Univ., Guangdong (China); Shanghai Inst. of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai Univ., SH (China)

2010-04-15

Using the homotopy perturbation method, a class of nonlinear generalized Ginzburg-Landau-Higgs systems (GGLH) is considered. Firstly, by introducing a homotopic transformation, the nonlinear problem is changed into a system of linear equations. Secondly, by selecting a suitable initial approximation, the approximate solution with arbitrary degree accuracy to the generalized Ginzburg-Landau-Higgs system is derived. Finally, another type of homotopic transformation to the generalized Ginzburg-Landau-Higgs system reported in previous literature is briefly discussed. (orig.)

Exact periodic solutions of the sixth-order generalized Boussinesq equation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kamenov, O Y [Department of Applied Mathematics and Informatics, Technical University of Sofia, PO Box 384, 1000 Sofia (Bulgaria)], E-mail: okam@abv.bg

2009-09-18

This paper examines a class of nonlinear sixth-order generalized Boussinesq-like equations (SGBE): u{sub tt} = u{sub xx} + 3(u{sup 2}){sub xx} + u{sub xxxx} + {alpha}u{sub xxxxxx}, {alpha} in R, depending on the positive parameter {alpha}. Hirota's bilinear transformation method is applied to the above class of non-integrable equations and exact periodic solutions have been obtained. The results confirmed the well-known nonlinear superposition principle.

Existence and Solution-representation of IVP for LFDE with Generalized Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives and $n$ terms

OpenAIRE

Kim, Myong-Ha; Ri, Guk-Chol; O, Hyong-Chol

2013-01-01

This paper provides the existence and representation of solution to an initial value problem for the general multi-term linear fractional differential equation with generalized Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives and constant coefficients by using operational calculus of Mikusinski's type. We prove that the initial value problem has the solution of if and only if some initial values should be zero.

On the theory of generalized entropy solutions of the Cauchy problem for a class of non-strictly hyperbolic systems of conservation laws

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Panov, E Yu

2000-01-01

Many-dimensional non-strictly hyperbolic systems of conservation laws with a radially degenerate flux function are considered. For such systems the set of entropies is defined and described, the concept of generalized entropy solution of the Cauchy problem is introduced, and the properties of generalized entropy solutions are studied. The class of strong generalized entropy solutions is distinguished, in which the Cauchy problem in question is uniquely soluble. A condition on the initial data is described that ensures that the generalized entropy solution is strong and therefore unique. Under this condition the convergence of the 'vanishing viscosity' method is established. An example presented in the paper shows that a generalized entropy solution is not necessarily unique in the general case

Regular Bulk Solutions in Brane-Worlds with Inhomogeneous Dust and Generalized Dark Radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rocha, Roldão da; Kuerten, A. M.; Herrera-Aguilar, A.

2015-01-01

From the dynamics of a brane-world with matter fields present in the bulk, the bulk metric and the black string solution near the brane are generalized, when both the dynamics of inhomogeneous dust/generalized dark radiation on the brane-world and inhomogeneous dark radiation in the bulk as well are considered as exact dynamical collapse solutions. Based on the analysis on the inhomogeneous static exterior of a collapsing sphere of homogeneous dark radiation on the brane, the associated black string warped horizon is studied, as well as the 5D bulk metric near the brane. Moreover, the black string and the bulk are shown to be more regular upon time evolution, for suitable values for the dark radiation parameter in the model, by analyzing the soft physical singularities

Probabilistic solutions of generalized birth and death equations and application to non-relativistic electrodynamics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Serva, M.

1986-01-01

In this paper we give probabilistic solutions to the equations describing non-relativistic quantum electrodynamical systems. These solutions involve, besides the usual diffusion processes, also birth and death processes corresponding to the 'photons number' variables. We state some inequalities and in particular we establish bounds to the ground state energy of systems composed by a non relativistic particle interacting with a field. The result is general and it is applied as an example to the polaron problem. (orig.)

Siemens IT solutions for power sector. PROFIT solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lunter, P.

2004-01-01

The cost reduction, flexibility and revenue increase, potential exploitation, productivity increase, and business opportunities exploitation - that is all what can be required in the races for the promonent positioning on the electricity power market. These requirements can be realized by the sophisticated IT solutions hand-tailored to the special requirements of the electric power producers and tradesmen. This approach makes it possible to achieve greater profit. Our solutions 'PROFIT Solutions', that are symbiosis of the most progressive information technologies and the power plant techniques of the company Siemens, satisfy submitted specifications in substantial measure. The system solutions 'PROFIT Solutions' comprise three solution groups: process, operation a business. The solutions of the group 'IT Process Solutions' increase flexibility and manoeuvrability of equipment, improve the efficiency and contribute to more economical operation of the power generation. Solutions 'IT Process Solutions' simplify and shorten the period of power cycles and conduce to higher labour productivity. Solutions group 'IT Process Solutions' approaches equipment to the market - supports the profit strategies, helps quickly and expertly to determine and predict hazards. The extension PROFIT Cockpit means the nuance to the solutions world 'PROFIT Solutions'. The survey about the whole installation is within reach at the simple touch of a button. It is possible to compile the total system part by part from single solutions 'PROFIT Solutions'. As a matter of fact all single parts can be interconnected with already existing solutions. Routines 'PROFIT Solutions' cooperate with all modern control systems. (author)

Exact solution of the hidden Markov processes

Science.gov (United States)

Saakian, David B.

2017-11-01

We write a master equation for the distributions related to hidden Markov processes (HMPs) and solve it using a functional equation. Thus the solution of HMPs is mapped exactly to the solution of the functional equation. For a general case the latter can be solved only numerically. We derive an exact expression for the entropy of HMPs. Our expression for the entropy is an alternative to the ones given before by the solution of integral equations. The exact solution is possible because actually the model can be considered as a generalized random walk on a one-dimensional strip. While we give the solution for the two second-order matrices, our solution can be easily generalized for the L values of the Markov process and M values of observables: We should be able to solve a system of L functional equations in the space of dimension M -1 .

Exact Solution of a Generalized Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation Dimer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christiansen, Peter Leth; Maniadis, P.; Tsironis, G.P.

1998-01-01

We present exact solutions for a nonlinear dimer system defined throught a discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation that contains also an integrable Ablowitz-Ladik term. The solutions are obtained throught a transformation that maps the dimer into a double Sine-Gordon like ordinary nonlinear...... differential equation....

General N-Dark Soliton Solutions of the Multi-Component Mel'nikov System

Science.gov (United States)

Han, Zhong; Chen, Yong; Chen, Junchao

2017-07-01

A general form of N-dark soliton solutions of the multi-component Mel'nikov system are presented. Taking the coupled Mel'nikov system comprised of two-component short waves and one-component long wave as an example, its general N-dark-dark soliton solutions in Gram determinant form are constructed through the KP hierarchy reduction method. The dynamics of single dark-dark soliton and two dark-dark solitons are discussed in detail. It can be shown that the collisions of dark-dark solitons are elastic and energies of the solitons in different components completely transmit through. In addition, the dark-dark soliton bound states including both stationary and moving cases are also investigated. An interesting feature for the coupled Mel'nikov system is that the stationary dark-dark soliton bound states can exist for all possible combinations of nonlinearity coefficients including positive, negative and mixed types, while the moving case are possible when nonlinearity coefficients take opposite signs or they are both negative.

The gravitational polarization in general relativity: solution to Szekeres' model of quadrupole polarization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Montani, Giovanni; Ruffini, Remo; Zalaletdinov, Roustam

2003-01-01

A model for the static weak-field macroscopic medium is analysed and the equation for the macroscopic gravitational potential is derived. This is a biharmonic equation which is a non-trivial generalization of the Poisson equation of Newtonian gravity. In the case of strong gravitational quadrupole polarization, it essentially holds inside a macroscopic matter source. Outside the source the gravitational potential fades away exponentially. The equation is equivalent to a system of the Poisson equation and the non-homogeneous modified Helmholtz equations. The general solution to this system is obtained by using the Green function method and it is not limited to Newtonian gravity. In the case of insignificant gravitational quadrupole polarization, the equation for macroscopic gravitational potential becomes the Poisson equation with the matter density renormalized by a factor including the value of the quadrupole gravitational polarization of the source. The general solution to this equation obtained by using the Green function method is limited to Newtonian gravity

Exact solutions of strong gravity in generalized metrics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hojman, R.; Smailagic, A.

1981-05-01

We consider classical solutions for the strong gravity theory of Salam and Strathdee in a wider class of metrics with positive, zero and negative curvature. It turns out that such solutions exist and their relevance for quark confinement is explored. Only metrics with positive curvature (spherical symmetry) give a confining potential in a simple picture of the scalar hadron. This supports the idea of describing the hadron as a closed microuniverse of the strong metric. (author)

Shock-jump conditions in a general medium: weak-solution approach

Science.gov (United States)

Forbes, L. K.; Krzysik, O. A.

2017-05-01

General conservation laws are considered, and the concept of a weak solution is extended to the case of an equation involving three space variables and time. Four-dimensional vector calculus is used to develop general jump conditions at a shock wave in the material. To illustrate the use of this result, jump conditions at a shock in unsteady three-dimensional compressible gas flow are presented. It is then proved rigorously that these reduce to the commonly assumed conditions in coordinates normal and tangential to the shock face. A similar calculation is also outlined for an unsteady three-dimensional shock in magnetohydrodynamics, and in a chemically reactive fluid. The technique is available for determining shock-jump conditions in quite general continuous media.

Generalized nonlinear Proca equation and its free-particle solutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nobre, F.D. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas and National Institute of Science and Technology for Complex Systems, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Plastino, A.R. [Universidad Nacional Buenos Aires-Noreoeste, CeBio y Secretaria de Investigacion, Junin (Argentina)

2016-06-15

We introduce a nonlinear extension of Proca's field theory for massive vector (spin 1) bosons. The associated relativistic nonlinear wave equation is related to recently advanced nonlinear extensions of the Schroedinger, Dirac, and Klein-Gordon equations inspired on the non-extensive generalized thermostatistics. This is a theoretical framework that has been applied in recent years to several problems in nuclear and particle physics, gravitational physics, and quantum field theory. The nonlinear Proca equation investigated here has a power-law nonlinearity characterized by a real parameter q (formally corresponding to the Tsallis entropic parameter) in such a way that the standard linear Proca wave equation is recovered in the limit q → 1. We derive the nonlinear Proca equation from a Lagrangian, which, besides the usual vectorial field Ψ{sup μ}(vector x,t), involves an additional field Φ{sup μ}(vector x,t). We obtain exact time-dependent soliton-like solutions for these fields having the form of a q-plane wave, and we show that both field equations lead to the relativistic energy-momentum relation E{sup 2} = p{sup 2}c{sup 2} + m{sup 2}c{sup 4} for all values of q. This suggests that the present nonlinear theory constitutes a new field theoretical representation of particle dynamics. In the limit of massless particles the present q-generalized Proca theory reduces to Maxwell electromagnetism, and the q-plane waves yield localized, transverse solutions of Maxwell equations. Physical consequences and possible applications are discussed. (orig.)

Explicit and exact solutions for a generalized long-short wave resonance equations with strong nonlinear term

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shang Yadong

2005-01-01

In this paper, the evolution equations with strong nonlinear term describing the resonance interaction between the long wave and the short wave are studied. Firstly, based on the qualitative theory and bifurcation theory of planar dynamical systems, all of the explicit and exact solutions of solitary waves are obtained by qualitative seeking the homoclinic and heteroclinic orbits for a class of Lienard equations. Then the singular travelling wave solutions, periodic travelling wave solutions of triangle functions type are also obtained on the basis of the relationships between the hyperbolic functions and that between the hyperbolic functions with the triangle functions. The varieties of structure of exact solutions of the generalized long-short wave equation with strong nonlinear term are illustrated. The methods presented here also suitable for obtaining exact solutions of nonlinear wave equations in multidimensions

Identifying generalized Fitzhugh-Nagumo equation from a numerical solution of Hodgkin-Huxley model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nikola V. Georgiev

2003-01-01

Full Text Available An analytic time series in the form of numerical solution (in an appropriate finite time interval of the Hodgkin-Huxley current clamped (HHCC system of four differential equations, well known in the neurophysiology as an exact empirical model of excitation of a giant axon of Loligo, is presented. Then we search for a second-order differential equation of generalized Fitzhugh-Nagumo (GFN type, having as a solution the given single component (action potential of the numerical solution. The given time series is used as a basis for reconstructing orders, powers, and coefficients of the polynomial right-hand sides of GFN equation approximately governing the process of action potential. For this purpose, a new geometrical method for determining phase space dimension of the unknown dynamical system (GFN equation and a specific modification of least squares method for identifying unknown coefficients are developed and applied.

Asymptotics for Large Time of Global Solutions to the Generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili Equation

Science.gov (United States)

Hayashi, Nakao; Naumkin, Pavel I.; Saut, Jean-Claude

We study the large time asymptotic behavior of solutions to the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equations where σ= 1 or σ=- 1. When ρ= 2 and σ=- 1, (KP) is known as the KPI equation, while ρ= 2, σ=+ 1 corresponds to the KPII equation. The KP equation models the propagation along the x-axis of nonlinear dispersive long waves on the surface of a fluid, when the variation along the y-axis proceeds slowly [10]. The case ρ= 3, σ=- 1 has been found in the modeling of sound waves in antiferromagnetics [15]. We prove that if ρ>= 3 is an integer and the initial data are sufficiently small, then the solution u of (KP) satisfies the following estimates: for all t∈R, where κ= 1 if ρ= 3 and κ= 0 if ρ>= 4. We also find the large time asymptotics for the solution.

Singularly perturbed Burger-Huxley equation: Analytical solution ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

user

solutions of singularly perturbed nonlinear differential equations. ... for solving generalized Burgers-Huxley equation but this equation is not singularly ...... Solitary waves solutions of the generalized Burger Huxley equations, Journal of.

A General Semi-Analytical Solution for Three Types of Well Tests in Confined Aquifers with a Partially Penetrating Well

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shaw-Yang Yang Hund-Der Yeh

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This note develops a general mathematical model for describing the transient hydraulic head response for constant-head test, constant-flux test, and slug test in a radial confined aquifer system with a partially penetrating well. The Laplace-domain solution for the model is derived by applying the Laplace transform with respect to time and finite Fourier cosine transform with respect to the z-direction. This new solution has been shown to reduce to the constant-head test when discounting the wellbore storage and maintaining a constant well water level. This solution can also be reduced to the constant-flux test solution when discounting the wellbore storage and keeping a constant pumping rate in the well. Moreover, the solution becomes the slug test solution when there is no pumping in the well. This general solution can be used to develop a single computer code to estimate aquifer parameters if coupled with an optimization algorithm or to assess the effect of well partial penetration on hydraulic head distribution for three types of aquifer tests.

Solitary wave solution to a singularly perturbed generalized Gardner ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

2017-03-24

Mar 24, 2017 ... Abstract. This paper is concerned with the existence of travelling wave solutions to a singularly perturbed gen- eralized Gardner equation with nonlinear terms of any order. By using geometric singular perturbation theory and based on the relation between solitary wave solution and homoclinic orbits of the ...

Non-orthogonally transitive G2 spike solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lim, Woei Chet

2015-01-01

We generalize the orthogonally transitive (OT) G 2 spike solution to the non-OT G 2 case. This is achieved by applying Geroch’s transformation on a Kasner seed. The new solution contains two more parameters than the OT G 2 spike solution. Unlike the OT G 2 spike solution, the new solution always resolves its spike. (fast track communication)

A transformation with symbolic computation and abundant new soliton-like solutions for the (1+2)-dimensional generalized Burgers equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yan Zhenya

2002-01-01

In this paper, an auto-Baecklund transformation is presented for the generalized Burgers equation: u t +u xy + αuu y +αu x ∂ -1 x u y =0 (α is constant) by using an ansatz and symbolic computation. Particularly, this equation is transformed into a (1+2)-dimensional generalized heat equation ω t + ω xy =0 by the Cole-Hopf transformation. This shows that this equation is C-integrable. Abundant types of new soliton-like solutions are obtained by virtue of the obtained transformation. These solutions contain n-soliton-like solutions, shock wave solutions and singular soliton-like solutions, which may be of important significance in explaining some physical phenomena. The approach can also be extended to other types of nonlinear partial differential equations in mathematical physics

Decay Mode Solutions for Kadomtsev-Petviashvili Equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fan Guohao; Deng Shufang; Zhang Meng

2012-01-01

The decay mode solutions for the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation are derived by Hirota method (direct method). The decay mode solution is a new set of analytical solutions with Airy function. (general)

Generalized hyperbolic functions to find soliton-like solutions for a system of coupled nonlinear Schroedinger equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yomba, Emmanuel

2008-01-01

With the aid of symbolic computation, we demonstrate that the known method which is based on the new generalized hyperbolic functions and the new kinds of generalized hyperbolic function transformations, generates classes of exact solutions to a system of coupled nonlinear Schroedinger equations. This system includes the modified Hubbard model and the system of coupled nonlinear Schroedinger derived by Lazarides and Tsironis. Four types of solutions for this system are given explicitly, namely: new bright-bright, new dark-dark, new bright-dark and new dark-bright solitons

Exact Solutions to (2+1)-Dimensional Kaup-Kupershmidt Equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lu Hailing; Liu Xiqiang

2009-01-01

In this paper, by using the symmetry method, the relationships between new explicit solutions and old ones of the (2+1)-dimensional Kaup-Kupershmidt (KK) equation are presented. We successfully obtain more general exact travelling wave solutions for (2+1)-dimensional KK equation by the symmetry method and the (G'/G)-expansion method. Consequently, we find some new solutions of (2+1)-dimensional KK equation, including similarity solutions, solitary wave solutions, and periodic solutions. (general)

Analytical general solutions for static wormholes in f(R,T) gravity

Science.gov (United States)

Moraes, P. H. R. S.; Correa, R. A. C.; Lobato, R. V.

2017-07-01

Originally proposed as a tool for teaching the general theory of relativity, wormholes are today approached in many different ways and are seeing as an efficient alternative for interstellar and time travel. Attempts to achieve observational signatures of wormholes have been growing as the subject has become more and more popular. In this article we investigate some f(R,T) theoretical predictions for static wormholes, i.e., wormholes whose throat radius can be considered a constant. Since the T-dependence in f(R,T) gravity is due to the consideration of quantum effects, a further investigation of wormholes in such a theory is well motivated. We obtain the energy conditions of static wormholes in f(R,T) gravity and apply an analytical approach to find their physical and geometrical solutions. We highlight that our results are in agreement with previous solutions and assumptions presented in the literature.

Analytical general solutions for static wormholes in f ( R , T ) gravity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moraes, P.H.R.S.; Correa, R.A.C.; Lobato, R.V., E-mail: moraes.phrs@gmail.com, E-mail: fis04132@gmail.com, E-mail: ronaldo.lobato@icranet.org [ITA-Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 12228-900, São José dos Campos, SP (Brazil)

2017-07-01

Originally proposed as a tool for teaching the general theory of relativity, wormholes are today approached in many different ways and are seeing as an efficient alternative for interstellar and time travel. Attempts to achieve observational signatures of wormholes have been growing as the subject has become more and more popular. In this article we investigate some f ( R , T ) theoretical predictions for static wormholes, i.e., wormholes whose throat radius can be considered a constant. Since the T -dependence in f ( R , T ) gravity is due to the consideration of quantum effects, a further investigation of wormholes in such a theory is well motivated. We obtain the energy conditions of static wormholes in f ( R , T ) gravity and apply an analytical approach to find their physical and geometrical solutions. We highlight that our results are in agreement with previous solutions and assumptions presented in the literature.

Modified Bateman solution for identical eigenvalues

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dreher, Raymond

2013-01-01

Highlights: ► Solving indeterminacies due to identical eigenvalues in Bateman’s solution. ► Exact analytical solution of Bateman’s equations for identical eigenvalues. ► Algorithm calculating higher order derivatives appearing in this solution. ► Alternative evaluation of the derivatives through the Taylor polynomial. ► Implementation of an example program demonstrating the developed solution. - Abstract: In this paper we develop a general solution to the Bateman equations taking into account the special case of identical eigenvalues. A characteristic of this new solution is the presence of higher order derivatives. It is shown that the derivatives can be obtained analytically and also computed in an efficient manner

Perturbed invariant subspaces and approximate generalized functional variable separation solution for nonlinear diffusion-convection equations with weak source

Science.gov (United States)

Xia, Ya-Rong; Zhang, Shun-Li; Xin, Xiang-Peng

2018-03-01

In this paper, we propose the concept of the perturbed invariant subspaces (PISs), and study the approximate generalized functional variable separation solution for the nonlinear diffusion-convection equation with weak source by the approximate generalized conditional symmetries (AGCSs) related to the PISs. Complete classification of the perturbed equations which admit the approximate generalized functional separable solutions (AGFSSs) is obtained. As a consequence, some AGFSSs to the resulting equations are explicitly constructed by way of examples.

Spherically symmetric solutions in abelian Kaluza-Klein theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Angus, I.G.

1986-01-01

We present the most general spherically symmetric solution to the field equations of the truncated five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory. We also detail some of the special forms of this solution. With the exception of the Gross-Perry-Sorkin monopole and the Schwarzschild solutions we find that most, and we conjecture all, of the solutions have naked curvature singularities. We then proceed to consider higher-dimensional theories with toroidal compactification and we exhibit a class of nonsingular monopole solutions which are the natural generalization of the Gross-Perry-Sorkin monopole to more than five dimensions. We also present some selected solutions including a solution pertaining to a model with a Ricci-flat, but not curvature-flat, internal manifold. All of these other solutions have naked curvature singularities. (orig.)

On the Existence and Uniqueness of Rv-Generalized Solution for Dirichlet Problem with Singularity on All Boundary

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V. Rukavishnikov

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The existence and uniqueness of the Rv-generalized solution for the first boundary value problem and a second order elliptic equation with coordinated and uncoordinated degeneracy of input data and with strong singularity solution on all boundary of a two-dimensional domain are established.

Fundamental solutions of singular SPDEs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Selesi, Dora

2011-01-01

Highlights: → Fundamental solutions of linear SPDEs are constructed. → Wick-convolution product is introduced for the first time. → Fourier transformation maps Wick-convolution into Wick product. → Solutions of linear SPDEs are expressed via Wick-convolution with fundamental solutions. → Stochastic Helmholtz equation is solved. - Abstract: This paper deals with some models of mathematical physics, where random fluctuations are modeled by white noise or other singular Gaussian generalized processes. White noise, as the distributional derivative od Brownian motion, which is the most important case of a Levy process, is defined in the framework of Hida distribution spaces. The Fourier transformation in the framework of singular generalized stochastic processes is introduced and its applications to solving stochastic differential equations involving Wick products and singularities such as the Dirac delta distribution are presented. Explicit solutions are obtained in form of a chaos expansion in the Kondratiev white noise space, while the coefficients of the expansion are tempered distributions. Stochastic differential equations of the form P(ω, D) ◊ u(x, ω) = A(x, ω) are considered, where A is a singular generalized stochastic process and P(ω, D) is a partial differential operator with random coefficients. We introduce the Wick-convolution operator * which enables us to express the solution as u = s*A ◊ I ◊(-1) , where s denotes the fundamental solution and I is the unit random variable. In particular, the stochastic Helmholtz equation is solved, which in physical interpretation describes waves propagating with a random speed from randomly appearing point sources.

Exact traveling wave solutions of the KP-BBM equation by using the new approach of generalized (G'/G)-expansion method.

Science.gov (United States)

Alam, Md Nur; Akbar, M Ali

2013-01-01

The new approach of the generalized (G'/G)-expansion method is an effective and powerful mathematical tool in finding exact traveling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) in science, engineering and mathematical physics. In this article, the new approach of the generalized (G'/G)-expansion method is applied to construct traveling wave solutions of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili-Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (KP-BBM) equation. The solutions are expressed in terms of the hyperbolic functions, the trigonometric functions and the rational functions. By means of this scheme, we found some new traveling wave solutions of the above mentioned equation.

A class of algebraically general solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations for non-null electromagnetic fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tupper, B.O.J.

1976-01-01

In a previous article (Gen. Rel. Grav.; 6 : 345 (1975)) the Einstein-Maxwell field equations for non-null electromagnetic fields were studied under the conditions that the null tetrad is parallel-propagated along both principal null congruences. A solution with twist and shear, but no expansion, was found and was conjectured to be the only expansion-free solution. Here it is shown that this conjecture is false; the general expansion-free solution is found to be a family of space-times depending on a single constant parameter which is the ratio of the (constant) twists of the two principal null congruences. (author)

A General Construction of Linear Differential Equations with Solutions of Prescribed Properties

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Neuman, František

2004-01-01

Roč. 17, č. 1 (2004), s. 71-76 ISSN 0893-9659 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA1019902; GA ČR GA201/99/0295 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z1019905 Keywords : construction of linear differential equations * prescribed qualitative properties of solutions Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 0.414, year: 2004

Generalized Couette flow of a third-grade fluid with slip. The exact solutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ellahi, Rahmat [IIUI, Islamabad (Pakistan). Dept. of Mathematics; Hayat, Tasawar [Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad (Pakistan). Dept. of Mathematics; King Saud Univ., Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). Dept. of Mathematics; Mahomed, Fazal Mahmood [Univ. of the Witwatersrand, Wits (South Africa). Centre for Differential Equations, Continuum, Mechanics and Applications

2010-12-15

The present note investigates the influence of slip on the generalized Couette flows of a third-grade fluid. Two flow problems are considered. The resulting equations and the boundary conditions are nonlinear. Analytical solutions of the governing nonlinear problems are found in closed form. (orig.)

Analytic Solutions and Resonant Solutions of Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations

Science.gov (United States)

Wagenmaker, Timothy Roger

This dissertation contains two main subject areas. The first deals with solutions to the wave equation Du/Dt + a Du/Dx = 0, where D/Dt and D/Dx represent partial derivatives and a(t,x) is real valued. The question I studied, which arises in control theory, is whether solutions which are real analytic with respect to the time variable are dense in the space of all solutions. If a is real analytic in t and x, the Cauchy-Kovalevsky Theorem implies that the solutions real analytic in t and x are dense, since it suffices to approximate the initial data by polynomials. The same positive result is valid when a is continuously differentiable and independent of t. This is proved by regularization in time. The hypothesis that a is independent of t cannot be replaced by the weaker assumption that a is real analytic in t, even when it is infinitely smooth. I construct a(t,x) for which the solutions which are analytic in time are automatically periodic in time. In particular these solutions are not dense in the space of all solutions. The second area concerns the resonant interaction of oscillatory waves propagating in a compressible inviscid fluid. An asymptotic description given by Andrew Majda, Rodolfo Rosales, and Maria Schonbek (MRS) involves the genuinely nonlinear quasilinear hyperbolic system Du/Dt + D(uu/2)/Dt + v = 0, Dv/Dt - D(vv/2)/Dt - u = 0. They performed many numerical simulations which indicated that small amplitude solutions of this system tend to evade shock formation, and conjectured that "smooth initial data with a sufficiently small amplitude never develop shocks throughout a long time interval of integration.". I proved that for smooth periodic U(x), V(x) and initial data u(0,x) = epsilonU(x), v(0,x) = epsilonV(x), the solution is smooth for time at least constant times | ln epsilon| /epsilon. This is longer than the lifetime order 1/ epsilon of the solution to the decoupled Burgers equations. The decoupled equation describes nonresonant interaction of

Polynomial solutions of nonlinear integral equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dominici, Diego

2009-01-01

We analyze the polynomial solutions of a nonlinear integral equation, generalizing the work of Bender and Ben-Naim (2007 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 40 F9, 2008 J. Nonlinear Math. Phys. 15 (Suppl. 3) 73). We show that, in some cases, an orthogonal solution exists and we give its general form in terms of kernel polynomials

Polynomial solutions of nonlinear integral equations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dominici, Diego [Department of Mathematics, State University of New York at New Paltz, 1 Hawk Dr. Suite 9, New Paltz, NY 12561-2443 (United States)], E-mail: dominicd@newpaltz.edu

2009-05-22

We analyze the polynomial solutions of a nonlinear integral equation, generalizing the work of Bender and Ben-Naim (2007 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 40 F9, 2008 J. Nonlinear Math. Phys. 15 (Suppl. 3) 73). We show that, in some cases, an orthogonal solution exists and we give its general form in terms of kernel polynomials.

Exact solutions of generalized Calogero-Sutherland models: BCN and CN cases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kojima, M.; Ohta, N.

1996-01-01

Using a collective field method, we obtain explicit solutions of the generalized Calogero-Sutherland models that are characterized by the roots of the classical groups B N and C N . Starting from the explicit wave functions for the A N-1 type expressed in terms of the singular vectors of the W N algebra, we give a systematic method to construct wave functions and derive energy eigenvalues for other types of theories. (orig.)

Kundt spacetimes as solutions of topologically massive gravity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chow, David D K; Pope, C N; Sezgin, Ergin [George P and Cynthia W Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843-4242 (United States)

2010-05-21

We obtain new solutions of topologically massive gravity. We find the general Kundt solutions, which in three dimensions are spacetimes admitting an expansion-free null geodesic congruence. The solutions are generically of algebraic type II, but special cases are types III, N or D. Those of type D are the known spacelike-squashed AdS{sub 3} solutions and of type N are the known AdS pp-waves or new solutions. Those of types II and III are the first known solutions of these algebraic types. We present explicitly the Kundt solutions that are constant scalar invariant (CSI) spacetimes, for which all scalar polynomial curvature invariants are constant, whereas for the general case, we reduce the field equations to a series of ordinary differential equations. The CSI solutions of types II and III are deformations of spacelike-squashed AdS{sub 3} and the round AdS{sub 3}, respectively.

New and More General Rational Formal Solutions to (2+1)-Dimensional Toda System

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bai Chenglin

2007-01-01

With the aid of computerized symbolic computation and Riccati equation rational expansion approach, some new and more general rational formal solutions to (2+1)-dimensional Toda system are obtained. The method used here can also be applied to solve other nonlinear differential-difference equation or equations.

Adsorption from solutions of non-electrolytes

CERN Document Server

Kipling, J J

1965-01-01

Adsorption from Solutions of Non-Electrolytes provides a general discussion of the subject, which has so far been given little or no attention in current textbooks of physical chemistry. A general view of the subject is particularly needed at a time when we wish to see how far it will be possible to use theories of solutions to explain the phenomena of adsorption. The book opens with an introductory chapter on the types of interface, aspects of adsorption from solution, types of adsorption, and classification of systems. This is followed by separate chapters on experimental methods, adsorption

Solutions to horava gravity.

Science.gov (United States)

Lü, H; Mei, Jianwei; Pope, C N

2009-08-28

Recently Horava proposed a nonrelativistic renormalizable theory of gravitation, which reduces to Einstein's general relativity at large distances, and that may provide a candidate for a UV completion of Einstein's theory. In this Letter, we derive the full set of equations of motion, and then we obtain spherically symmetric solutions and discuss their properties. We also obtain solutions for the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker cosmological metric.

Travelling wave solutions for some time-delayed equations through factorizations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fahmy, E.S.

2008-01-01

In this work, we use factorization method to find explicit particular travelling wave solutions for the following important nonlinear second-order partial differential equations: The generalized time-delayed Burgers-Huxley, time-delayed convective Fishers, and the generalized time-delayed Burgers-Fisher. Using the particular solutions for these equations we find the general solutions, two-parameter solution, as special cases

New periodic and soliton wave solutions for the generalized Zakharov system and (2 + 1)-dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borhanifar, A.; Kabir, M.M.; Maryam Vahdat, L.

2009-01-01

In this paper, the Exp-function method is used to obtain generalized solitonary solutions and periodic solutions of the Generalized Zakharov system and (2 + 1)-dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov system. It is shown that the Exp-function method, with the help of symbolic computation, provides a powerful mathematical tool for solving nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics.

Exact solutions in three-dimensional gravity

CERN Document Server

Garcia-Diaz, Alberto A

2017-01-01

A self-contained text, systematically presenting the determination and classification of exact solutions in three-dimensional Einstein gravity. This book explores the theoretical framework and general physical and geometrical characteristics of each class of solutions, and includes information on the researchers responsible for their discovery. Beginning with the physical character of the solutions, these are identified and ordered on the basis of their geometrical invariant properties, symmetries, and algebraic classifications, or from the standpoint of their physical nature, for example electrodynamic fields, fluid, scalar field, or dilaton. Consequently, this text serves as a thorough catalogue on 2+1 exact solutions to the Einstein equations coupled to matter and fields, and on vacuum solutions of topologically massive gravity with a cosmological constant. The solutions are also examined from different perspectives, enabling a conceptual bridge between exact solutions of three- and four-dimensional gravit...

Linear superposition solutions to nonlinear wave equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Yu

2012-01-01

The solutions to a linear wave equation can satisfy the principle of superposition, i.e., the linear superposition of two or more known solutions is still a solution of the linear wave equation. We show in this article that many nonlinear wave equations possess exact traveling wave solutions involving hyperbolic, triangle, and exponential functions, and the suitable linear combinations of these known solutions can also constitute linear superposition solutions to some nonlinear wave equations with special structural characteristics. The linear superposition solutions to the generalized KdV equation K(2,2,1), the Oliver water wave equation, and the k(n, n) equation are given. The structure characteristic of the nonlinear wave equations having linear superposition solutions is analyzed, and the reason why the solutions with the forms of hyperbolic, triangle, and exponential functions can form the linear superposition solutions is also discussed

Non-static vacuum strings: exterior and interior solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stein-Schabes, J.A.

1986-01-01

New non-static cylindrically symmetric solutions of Einsteins's equations are presented. Some of these solutions represent string-like objects. An exterior vacuum solution is matched to a non-vacuum interior solution for different forms of the energy-momentum tensor. They generalize the standard static string. 12 refs

Elastic stars in general relativity: III. Stiff ultrarigid exact solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karlovini, Max; Samuelsson, Lars

2004-01-01

We present an equation of state for elastic matter which allows for purely longitudinal elastic waves in all propagation directions, not just principal directions. The speed of these waves is equal to the speed of light whereas the transversal type speeds are also very high, comparable to but always strictly less than that of light. Clearly such an equation of state does not give a reasonable matter description for the crust of a neutron star, but it does provide a nice causal toy model for an extremely rigid phase in a neutron star core, should such a phase exist. Another reason for focusing on this particular equation of state is simply that it leads to a very simple recipe for finding stationary rigid motion exact solutions to the Einstein equations. In fact, we show that a very large class of stationary spacetimes with constant Ricci scalar can be interpreted as rigid motion solutions with this matter source. We use the recipe to derive a static spherically symmetric exact solution with constant energy density, regular centre and finite radius, having a nontrivial parameter that can be varied to yield a mass-radius curve from which stability can be read off. It turns out that the solution is stable down to a tenuity R/M slightly less than 3. The result of this static approach to stability is confirmed by a numerical determination of the fundamental radial oscillation mode frequency. We also present another solution with outwards decreasing energy density. Unfortunately, this solution only has a trivial scaling parameter and is found to be unstable

Travelling wave solutions to the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nickel, J.

2007-01-01

Combining the approaches given by Baldwin [Baldwin D et al. Symbolic computation of exact solutions expressible in hyperbolic and elliptic functions for nonlinear PDEs. J Symbol Comput 2004;37:669-705], Peng [Peng YZ. A polynomial expansion method and new general solitary wave solutions to KS equation. Comm Theor Phys 2003;39:641-2] and by Schuermann [Schuermann HW, Serov VS. Weierstrass' solutions to certain nonlinear wave and evolution equations. Proc progress electromagnetics research symposium, 28-31 March 2004, Pisa. p. 651-4; Schuermann HW. Traveling-wave solutions to the cubic-quintic nonlinear Schroedinger equation. Phys Rev E 1996;54:4312-20] leads to a method for finding exact travelling wave solutions of nonlinear wave and evolution equations (NLWEE). The first idea is to generalize ansaetze given by Baldwin and Peng to find elliptic solutions of NLWEEs. Secondly, conditions used by Schuermann to find physical (real and bounded) solutions and to discriminate between periodic and solitary wave solutions are used. The method is shown in detail by evaluating new solutions of the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation

General solution of superconvergent sum rules for scattering of I=1 reggeons on baryons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grigoryan, A.A.; Khachatryan, G.N.

1986-01-01

Superconvergent sum rules for reggeon-particle scattering are applied to scattering of reggeons α i (i=π, ρ, A 2 ) with isospin I=1 on baryons with strangeness S=-1. The saturation scheme of these sum rules is determined on the basis of experimental data. Two series of baryon resonances with arbitrary isospins I and spins J=I+1/2 and J=I-1/2 are predicted. A general solution for vertices of interaction of these resonances with α i is found. Predictions for coupling vertices B α i B'(B, B'=Λ, Σ, Σ * ) agree well with the experiment. It is shown that the condition of sum rules saturation by minimal number of resonances brings to saturation schemes resulting from experimental data. A general solution of sum rules for scattering of α i reggeons on Ξ and Ω hyperons is analyzed

The general Klein-Gordon-Schroedinger system: modulational instability and exact solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tang Xiaoyan; Ding Wei

2008-01-01

The general Klein-Gordon-Schroedinger (gKGS) system is studied where the cubic auto-interactions are introduced in both the nonlinear Schroedinger and the nonlinear Klein-Gordon fields. We first investigate the modulational instability (MI) of the system, and thus derive the general dispersion relation between the frequency and wavenumber of the modulating perturbations, which demonstrates many possibilities for the MI regions. Using the travelling wave reduction, the gKGS system is greatly simplified. Via a simple function expansion method, we obtain some exact travelling wave solutions. Under some special parameter values, some representative wave structures are graphically displayed including the kink, anti-kink, bright, dark, grey and periodic solitons

A Feminist Critique of Solution-Focused Therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Dermer, Shannon B.; Hemesath, Crystal Wilhite; Russell, Candyce S.

1998-01-01

Applying the feminist critique to solution-focused therapy highlights the strengths and weaknesses of this model from a feminist perspective. Although solution-focused therapy and feminist approaches share an emphasis on competence and strengths, solution-focused theory tends to overlook gender and power differences. In general, the model falls…

A General Solution for Groundwater Flow in Estuarine Leaky Aquifer System with Considering Aquifer Anisotropy

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Po-Chia; Chuang, Mo-Hsiung; Tan, Yih-Chi

2014-05-01

In recent years the urban and industrial developments near the coastal area are rapid and therefore the associated population grows dramatically. More and more water demand for human activities, agriculture irrigation, and aquaculture relies on heavy pumping in coastal area. The decline of groundwater table may result in the problems of seawater intrusion and/or land subsidence. Since the 1950s, numerous studies focused on the effect of tidal fluctuation on the groundwater flow in the coastal area. Many studies concentrated on the developments of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) analytical solutions describing the tide-induced head fluctuations. For example, Jacob (1950) derived an analytical solution of 1D groundwater flow in a confined aquifer with a boundary condition subject to sinusoidal oscillation. Jiao and Tang (1999) derived a 1D analytical solution of a leaky confined aquifer by considered a constant groundwater head in the overlying unconfined aquifer. Jeng et al. (2002) studied the tidal propagation in a coupled unconfined and confined costal aquifer system. Sun (1997) presented a 2D solution for groundwater response to tidal loading in an estuary. Tang and Jiao (2001) derived a 2D analytical solution in a leaky confined aquifer system near open tidal water. This study aims at developing a general analytical solution describing the head fluctuations in a 2D estuarine aquifer system consisted of an unconfined aquifer, a confined aquifer, and an aquitard between them. Both the confined and unconfined aquifers are considered to be anisotropic. The predicted head fluctuations from this solution will compare with the simulation results from the MODFLOW program. In addition, the solutions mentioned above will be shown to be special cases of the present solution. Some hypothetical cases regarding the head fluctuation in costal aquifers will be made to investigate the dynamic effects of water table fluctuation, hydrogeological conditions, and

A general solution of the BV-master equation and BRST field theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dayi, O.F.

1993-05-01

For a class of first order gauge theories it was shown that the proper solution of the BV-master equation can be obtained straightforwardly. Here we present the general condition which the gauge generators should satisfy to conclude that this construction is relevant. The general procedure is illustrated by its application to the Chern-Simons theory in any odd-dimension. Moreover, it is shown that this formalism is also applicable to BRST field theories, when one replaces the role of the exterior derivative with the BRST charge of first quantization. (author). 17 refs

Stability of Almost Periodic Solution for a General Class of Discontinuous Neural Networks with Mixed Time-Varying Delays

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yingwei Li

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The global exponential stability issues are considered for almost periodic solution of the neural networks with mixed time-varying delays and discontinuous neuron activations. Some sufficient conditions for the existence, uniqueness, and global exponential stability of almost periodic solution are achieved in terms of certain linear matrix inequalities (LMIs, by applying differential inclusions theory, matrix inequality analysis technique, and generalized Lyapunov functional approach. In addition, the existence and asymptotically almost periodic behavior of the solution of the neural networks are also investigated under the framework of the solution in the sense of Filippov. Two simulation examples are given to illustrate the validity of the theoretical results.

Holder continuity of bounded weak solutions to generalized parabolic p-Laplacian equations II: singular case

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sukjung Hwang

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Here we generalize quasilinear parabolic p-Laplacian type equations to obtain the prototype equation $$ u_t - \\hbox{div} \\Big(\\frac{g(|Du|}{|Du|} Du\\Big = 0, $$ where g is a nonnegative, increasing, and continuous function trapped in between two power functions $|Du|^{g_0 -1}$ and $|Du|^{g_1 -1}$ with $1generalization in the setting from Orlicz spaces, we provide a uniform proof with a single geometric setting that a bounded weak solution is locally Holder continuous with some degree of commonality between degenerate and singular types. By using geometric characters, our proof does not rely on any of alternatives which is based on the size of solutions.

General classical solutions of the complex Grassmannian and CP sub(N-1) sigma models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sasaki, Ryu.

1983-05-01

General classical solutions are constructed for the complex Grassmannian non-linear sigma models in two euclidean dimensions in terms of holomorphic functions. The Grassmannian sigma models are a simple generalization of the well known CP sup(N-1) model in two dimensions and they share various interesting properties; existence of (anti-) instantons, an infinite number of conserved quantities and complete integrability. (author)

Some exact Bradlow vortex solutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gudnason, Sven Bjarke [Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000 (China); Nitta, Muneto [Department of Physics, and Research and Education Center for Natural Sciences, Keio University,Hiyoshi 4-1-1, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521 (Japan)

2017-05-08

We consider the Bradlow equation for vortices which was recently found by Manton and find a two-parameter class of analytic solutions in closed form on nontrivial geometries with non-constant curvature. The general solution to our class of metrics is given by a hypergeometric function and the area of the vortex domain by the Gaussian hypergeometric function.

Existence of Positive Solutions to Singular -Laplacian General Dirichlet Boundary Value Problems with Sign Changing Nonlinearity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Qiying Wei

2009-01-01

Full Text Available By using the well-known Schauder fixed point theorem and upper and lower solution method, we present some existence criteria for positive solution of an -point singular -Laplacian dynamic equation on time scales with the sign changing nonlinearity. These results are new even for the corresponding differential (=ℝ and difference equations (=ℤ, as well as in general time scales setting. As an application, an example is given to illustrate the results.

Brane solutions of gravity-dilaton-axion systems

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bergshoeff, E; Collinucci, A; Gran, U; Roest, D; Vandoren, S; Lukierski, J; Sorokin, D

2005-01-01

We consider general properties of brane solutions of gravity-dilaton-axion systems. We focus on the case of 7-branes and instantons. In both cases we show that besides the standard solutions there are new deformed solutions whose charges take value in any of the three conjugacy classes of SL(2, R).

Analytical Solution of Displacements Around Circular Openings in Generalized Hoek-Brown Rocks

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Huang Houxu

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The rock in plastic region is divided into numbers of elements by the slip lines, resulted from shear localization. During the deformation process, the elements will slip along the slip lines and the displacement field is discontinuous. Slip lines around circular opening in isotropic rock, subjected to hydrostatic stress are described by the logarithmic spirals. Deformation of the plastic region is mainly attributed to the slippage. Relationship between the shear stresses and slippage on slip lines is presented, based on the study of Revuzhenko and Shemyakin. Relations between slippage and rock failure are described, based on the elastic-brittle-plastic model. An analytical solution is presented for the plane strain analysis of displacements around circular openings in the Generalized Hoek-Brown rock. With properly choosing of slippage parameters, results obtained by using the proposed solution agree well with those presented in published sources.

Exact solutions for rotating charged dust

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Islam, J.N.

1984-01-01

Earlier work by the author on rotating charged dust is summarized. An incomplete class of exact solutions for differentially rotating charged dust in Newton-Maxwell theory for the equal mass and charge case that was found earlier is completed. A new global exact solution for cylindrically symmetric differentially rotating charged dust in Newton-Maxwell theory is presented. Lastly, a new exact solution for cylindrically symmetric rigidly rotating charged dust in general relativity is given. (author)

Exact Solutions of Generalized Modified Boussinesq, Kuramoto-Sivashinsky, and Camassa-Holm Equations via Double Reduction Theory

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Zulfiqar Ali

2013-01-01

Full Text Available We find exact solutions of the Generalized Modified Boussinesq (GMB equation, the Kuromoto-Sivashinsky (KS equation the and, Camassa-Holm (CH equation by utilizing the double reduction theory related to conserved vectors. The fourth order GMB equation involves the arbitrary function and mixed derivative terms in highest derivative. The partial Noether’s approach yields seven conserved vectors for GMB equation and one conserved for vector KS equation. Due to presence of mixed derivative term the conserved vectors for GMB equation derived by the Noether like theorem do not satisfy the divergence relationship. The extra terms that constitute the trivial part of conserved vectors are adjusted and the resulting conserved vectors satisfy the divergence property. The double reduction theory yields two independent solutions and one reduction for GMB equation and one solution for KS equation. For CH equation two independent solutions are obtained elsewhere by double reduction theory with the help of conserved Vectors.

Third-party online payment solutions in China

OpenAIRE

Yang, Qian

2017-01-01

The topic of this paper is third-party online payment solutions in China and the main purpose of this paper is to figure out the research question: What are the impacts of third-party online payment solutions on China? Generally speaking, the third-party online payment solutions, including mobile payments, usually used by customer who purchase online and usually used in transaction platform. However, in China, people can use third-party payment solutions in different platfor...

Interpretation and further properties of general classical CPsup(n-1) solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Din, A.M.

1980-11-01

We present arguments suggesting that non-(anti)selfdual classical solutions to the equations of motion of the euclidean CPsup(n-1) model can be interpreted as unstable non-interacting mixtures of instantons and anti-instantons. Fermionic modes in the background of these solutions are discussed. We determine the modes explicitly for the case of an embedded O(3) solution and point out that they give rise to a non-trivial illustration of the Atiyah-Singer index theorem

Higher-order rogue wave solutions of the three-wave resonant interaction equation via the generalized Darboux transformation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Xin; Chen, Yong; Cao, Jianli

2015-01-01

In this paper, we utilize generalized Darboux transformation to study higher-order rogue wave solutions of the three-wave resonant interaction equation, which describes the propagation and mixing of waves with different frequencies in weakly nonlinear dispersive media. A general Nth-order rogue wave solution with two characteristic velocities structural parameters and 3N independent parameters under a determined plane-wave background and a specific parameter condition is derived. As an application, we show that four fundamental rogue waves with fundamental, two kinds of line and quadrilateral patterns, or six fundamental rogue waves with fundamental, triangular, two kinds of quadrilateral and circular patterns can emerge in the second-order rogue waves. Moreover, several important wave characteristics including the maximum values, the corresponding coordinate positions of the humps, and the stability problem for some special higher-order rogue wave solutions such as the fundamental and quadrilateral cases are discussed. (paper)

New exact solutions of the KdV-Burgers-Kuramoto equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Sheng

2006-01-01

A generalized F-expansion method is proposed and applied to the KdV-Burgers-Kuramoto equation. As a result, many new and more general exact travelling wave solutions are obtained including combined non-degenerate Jacobi elliptic function solutions, solitary wave solutions and trigonometric function solutions. The method can be applied to other nonlinear partial differential equations in mathematical physics

Rational Solutions and Lump Solutions of the Potential YTSF Equation

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Hong-Qian; Chen, Ai-Hua

2017-07-01

By using of the bilinear form, rational solutions and lump solutions of the potential Yu-Toda-Sasa-Fukuyama (YTSF) equation are derived. Dynamics of the fundamental lump solution, n1-order lump solutions, and N-lump solutions are studied for some special cases. We also find some interaction behaviours of solitary waves and one lump of rational solutions.

A general solution in the cylindrical coordinates system for the diffusion of a radionuclide in homogeneous and isotropic solids

CERN Document Server

Ribeiro, F B

1999-01-01

Solutions of the diffusion equation in cylindrical coordinates are presented for a radionuclide produced by the decay of a not diffusing parent isotope with arbitrary activity distribution. General initial and Dirichlet boundary conditions are considered and the diffusion equation is solved for a finite cylinder. Solutions corresponding to two particular boundary conditions that can be imposed in laboratory diffusion coefficient measurements are presented. An analysis of the speed of convergence and of the series truncation error is done for these particular solutions. An example of the escape to production ratio derived from one of the solutions is also presented.

A general solution in the cylindrical coordinates system for the diffusion of a radionuclide in homogeneous and isotropic solids

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ribeiro, Fernando Brenha

1999-01-01

Solutions of the diffusion equation in cylindrical coordinates are presented for a radionuclide produced by the decay of a not diffusing parent isotope with arbitrary activity distribution. General initial and Dirichlet boundary conditions are considered and the diffusion equation is solved for a finite cylinder. Solutions corresponding to two particular boundary conditions that can be imposed in laboratory diffusion coefficient measurements are presented. An analysis of the speed of convergence and of the series truncation error is done for these particular solutions. An example of the escape to production ratio derived from one of the solutions is also presented

Extremal solutions of measure differential equations

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Monteiro, Giselle Antunes; Slavík, A.

2016-01-01

Roč. 444, č. 1 (2016), s. 568-597 ISSN 0022-247X Institutional support: RVO:67985840 Keywords : measure differential equations * extremal solution * lower solution Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 1.064, year: 2016 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022247X16302724

New exact solutions of the mBBM equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Zhe; Li Desheng

2013-01-01

The enhanced modified simple equation method presented in this article is applied to construct the exact solutions of modified Benjamin-Bona-Mahoney equation. Some new exact solutions are derived by using this method. When some parameters are taken as special values, the solitary wave solutions can be got from the exact solutions. It is shown that the method introduced in this paper has general significance in searching for exact solutions to the nonlinear evolution equations. (authors)

A generalized trial solution method for solving the aerosol equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simons, S.; Simpson, D.R.

1988-01-01

It is shown how the introduction of orthogonal functions together with a time-dependent scaling factor may be used to develop a generalized trial solution method for tackling the aerosol equation. The approach is worked out in detail for the case where the initial particle size spectrum follows a γ-distribution, and it is shown to be a viable technique as long as the initial volume fraction of particulate material is not too large. The method is applied to several situations of interest, and is shown to give more accurate results (with marginally shorter computing times) than are given by the three-parameter log-normal or γ distribution trial functions. (author)

Generalizing Source Geometry of Site Contamination by Simulating and Analyzing Analytical Solution of Three-Dimensional Solute Transport Model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xingwei Wang

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Due to the uneven distribution of pollutions and blur edge of pollutant area, there will exist uncertainty of source term shape in advective-diffusion equation model of contaminant transport. How to generalize those irregular source terms and deal with those uncertainties is very critical but rarely studied in previous research. In this study, the fate and transport of contaminant from rectangular and elliptic source geometry were simulated based on a three-dimensional analytical solute transport model, and the source geometry generalization guideline was developed by comparing the migration of contaminant. The result indicated that the variation of source area size had no effect on pollution plume migration when the plume migrated as far as five times of source side length. The migration of pollution plume became slower with the increase of aquifer thickness. The contaminant concentration was decreasing with scale factor rising, and the differences among various scale factors became smaller with the distance to field increasing.

Family of electrovac colliding wave solutions of Einstein's equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, W.; Ernst, F.J.

1989-01-01

Beginning with any colliding wave solution of the vacuum Einstein equations, a corresponding electrified colliding wave solution can be generated through the use of a transformation due to Harrison [J. Math. Phys. 9, 1744 (1968)]. The method, long employed in the context of stationary axisymmetric fields, is equally applicable to colliding wave solutions. Here it is applied to a large family of vacuum metrics derived by applying a generalized Ehlers transformation to solutions published recently by Ernst, Garcia, and Hauser (EGH) [J. Math. Phys. 28, 2155, 2951 (1987); 29, 681 (1988)]. Those EGH solutions were themselves a generalization of solutions first derived by Ferrari, Ibanez, and Bruni [Phys. Rev. D 36, 1053 (1987)]. Among the electrovac solutions that are obtained is a charged version of the Nutku--Halil [Phys. Rev. Lett. 39, 1379 (1977)] metric that possesses an arbitrary complex charge parameter

The General Analytic Solution of a Functional Equation of Addition Type

OpenAIRE

Braden, H. W.; Buchstaber, V. M.

1995-01-01

The general analytic solution to the functional equation $$ \\phi_1(x+y)= { { \\biggl|\\matrix{\\phi_2(x)&\\phi_2(y)\\cr\\phi_3(x)&\\phi_3(y)\\cr}\\biggr|} \\over { \\biggl|\\matrix{\\phi_4(x)&\\phi_4(y)\\cr\\phi_5(x)&\\phi_5(y)\\cr}\\biggr|} } $$ is characterised. Up to the action of the symmetry group, this is described in terms of Weierstrass elliptic functions. We illustrate our theory by applying it to the classical addition theorems of the Jacobi elliptic functions and the functional equations $$ \\phi_1(x+...

Lie group classification and exact solutions of the generalized Kompaneets equations

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Oleksii Patsiuk

2015-04-01

Full Text Available We study generalized Kompaneets equations (GKEs with one functional parameter, and using the Lie-Ovsiannikov algorithm, we carried out the group classification. It is shown that the kernel algebra of the full groups of the GKEs is the one-dimensional Lie algebra. Using the direct method, we find the equivalence group. We obtain six non-equivalent (up to transformations from the equivalence group GKEs that allow wider invariance algebras than the kernel one. We find a number of exact solutions of the non-linear GKE which has the maximal symmetry properties.

Symbolic computation and abundant travelling wave solutions to ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The method is reliable and useful, and gives more general exact travelling wave solutions than the existing methods. The solutions obtained are in the form of hyperbolic, trigonometricand rational functions including solitary, singular and periodic solutions which have many potential applications in physical science and ...

Darboux Transformation and Explicit Solutions for Drinfel'd-Sokolov-Wilson Equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Geng Xianguo; Wu Lihua

2010-01-01

A generalized Drinfel'd-Sokolov-Wilson (DSW) equation and its Lax pair are proposed. A Darboux transformation for the generalized DSW equation is constructed with the help of the gauge transformation between spectral problems, from which a Darboux transformation for the DSW equation is obtained through a reduction technique. As an application of the Darboux transformations, we give some explicit solutions of the generalized DSW equation and DSW equation such as rational solutions, soliton solutions, periodic solutions. (general)

Generating solutions of Einstein's field equations by typing mistakes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hoenselaers, C.; Skea, J.E.F.

1989-01-01

A solution to Einstein's field equations is presented that represents a Petrov type II electromagnetic null field with one Killing vector. This solution generalizes a vacuum solution previously discovered by Hoenselaers. The solution was found by the peculiar method of generalizing a member of this class inadvertently discovered by making a typing error when checking the vacuum solution with the computer algebra system SHEEP.

Continuous properties of the data-to-solution map for a generalized μ-Camassa-Holm integrable equation

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Shengqi

2018-05-01

This work studies a generalized μ-type integrable equation with both quadratic and cubic nonlinearities; the μ-Camassa-Holm and modified μ-Camassa-Holm equations are members of this family of equations. It has been shown that the Cauchy problem for this generalized μ-Camassa-Holm integrable equation is locally well-posed for initial data u0 ∈ Hs, s > 5/2. In this work, we further investigate the continuity properties to this equation. It is proved in this work that the data-to-solution map of the proposed equation is not uniformly continuous. It is also found that the solution map is Hölder continuous in the Hr-topology when 0 ≤ r < s with Hölder exponent α depending on both s and r.

Non-existence of global solutions to generalized dissipative Klein-Gordon equations with positive energy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maxim Olegovich Korpusov

2012-07-01

Full Text Available In this article the initial-boundary-value problem for generalized dissipative high-order equation of Klein-Gordon type is considered. We continue our study of nonlinear hyperbolic equations and systems with arbitrary positive energy. The modified concavity method by Levine is used for proving blow-up of solutions.

Generalized Solutions of the Dirac Equation, W Bosons, and Beta Decay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okniński, Andrzej

2016-01-01

We study the 7×7 Hagen-Hurley equations describing spin 1 particles. We split these equations, in the interacting case, into two Dirac equations with nonstandard solutions. It is argued that these solutions describe decay of a virtual W boson in beta decay.

White noise solutions to the stochastic mKdV equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Zhongjun; Wei Caimin

2009-01-01

In this paper, we present the white noise solutions of the stochastic mKdV equation via the Hermite transformation and variable-coefficient generalized projected Ricatti equation expansion method. These solutions include white noise solitary wave solutions, white noise soliton-like solutions and white noise trigonometric function solutions.

Exact soliton solutions of the generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation based on expansion method

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ying Wang

2014-06-01

Full Text Available We give a more generalized treatment of the 1D generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GGPE with variable term coefficients. External harmonic trapping potential is fully considered and the nonlinear interaction term is of arbitrary polytropic index of superfluid wave function. We also eliminate the interdependence between variable coefficients of the equation terms avoiding the restrictions that occur in some other works. The exact soliton solutions of the GGPE are obtained through the delicate combined utilization of modified lens-type transformation and F-expansion method with dominant features like soliton type properties highlighted.

Global stability and exact solution of an arbitrary-solute nonlinear cellular mass transport system.

Science.gov (United States)

Benson, James D

2014-12-01

The prediction of the cellular state as a function of extracellular concentrations and temperatures has been of interest to physiologists for nearly a century. One of the most widely used models in the field is one where mass flux is linearly proportional to the concentration difference across the membrane. These fluxes define a nonlinear differential equation system for the intracellular state, which when coupled with appropriate initial conditions, define the intracellular state as a function of the extracellular concentrations of both permeating and nonpermeating solutes. Here we take advantage of a reparametrization scheme to extend existing stability results to a more general setting and to a develop analytical solutions to this model for an arbitrary number of extracellular solutes. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Insight solutions are correct more often than analytic solutions

Science.gov (United States)

Salvi, Carola; Bricolo, Emanuela; Kounios, John; Bowden, Edward; Beeman, Mark

2016-01-01

How accurate are insights compared to analytical solutions? In four experiments, we investigated how participants’ solving strategies influenced their solution accuracies across different types of problems, including one that was linguistic, one that was visual and two that were mixed visual-linguistic. In each experiment, participants’ self-judged insight solutions were, on average, more accurate than their analytic ones. We hypothesised that insight solutions have superior accuracy because they emerge into consciousness in an all-or-nothing fashion when the unconscious solving process is complete, whereas analytic solutions can be guesses based on conscious, prematurely terminated, processing. This hypothesis is supported by the finding that participants’ analytic solutions included relatively more incorrect responses (i.e., errors of commission) than timeouts (i.e., errors of omission) compared to their insight responses. PMID:27667960

Conservation Laws and Traveling Wave Solutions of a Generalized Nonlinear ZK-BBM Equation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Khadijo Rashid Adem

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We study a generalized two-dimensional nonlinear Zakharov-Kuznetsov-Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (ZK-BBM equation, which is in fact Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation formulated in the ZK sense. Conservation laws for this equation are constructed by using the new conservation theorem due to Ibragimov and the multiplier method. Furthermore, traveling wave solutions are obtained by employing the (G'/G-expansion method.

Unbounded solutions of quasi-linear difference equations

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Cecchi, M.; Došlá, Zuzana; Marini, M.

2003-01-01

Roč. 45, 10-11 (2003), s. 1113-1123 ISSN 0898-1221 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z1019905 Keywords : nonlinear difference equation * possitive increasing solution * strongly increasing solution Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 0.498, year: 2003

A new generalized exponential rational function method to find exact special solutions for the resonance nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Science.gov (United States)

Ghanbari, Behzad; Inc, Mustafa

2018-04-01

The present paper suggests a novel technique to acquire exact solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations. The main idea of the method is to generalize the exponential rational function method. In order to examine the ability of the method, we consider the resonant nonlinear Schrödinger equation (R-NLSE). Many variants of exact soliton solutions for the equation are derived by the proposed method. Physical interpretations of some obtained solutions is also included. One can easily conclude that the new proposed method is very efficient and finds the exact solutions of the equation in a relatively easy way.

Classes of exact Einstein Maxwell solutions

Science.gov (United States)

Komathiraj, K.; Maharaj, S. D.

2007-12-01

We find new classes of exact solutions to the Einstein Maxwell system of equations for a charged sphere with a particular choice of the electric field intensity and one of the gravitational potentials. The condition of pressure isotropy is reduced to a linear, second order differential equation which can be solved in general. Consequently we can find exact solutions to the Einstein Maxwell field equations corresponding to a static spherically symmetric gravitational potential in terms of hypergeometric functions. It is possible to find exact solutions which can be written explicitly in terms of elementary functions, namely polynomials and product of polynomials and algebraic functions. Uncharged solutions are regainable with our choice of electric field intensity; in particular we generate the Einstein universe for particular parameter values.

Complex structure of Kerr geometry and rotating 'photon rocket' solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burinskii, Alexander

2003-01-01

In the frame of the Kerr-Schild approach, we obtain a generalization of the Kerr solution to a nonstationary case corresponding to a rotating source moving with arbitrary acceleration. Similar to the Kerr solution, the solutions obtained have geodesic and shearfree principal null congruence. The current parameters of the solutions are determined by a complex retarded-time construction via a given complex worldline of source. The real part of the complex worldline defines the values of the boost and acceleration while the imaginary part controls the rotation. The acceleration of the source is accompanied by lightlike radiation along the principal null congruence. The solutions obtained generalize to the rotating case the known Kinnersley class of the 'photon rocket' solutions

Diffusion of aqueous solutions of ionic, zwitterionic, and polar solutes

Science.gov (United States)

Teng, Xiaojing; Huang, Qi; Dharmawardhana, Chamila Chathuranga; Ichiye, Toshiko

2018-06-01

The properties of aqueous solutions of ionic, zwitterionic, and polar solutes are of interest to many fields. For instance, one of the many anomalous properties of aqueous solutions is the behavior of water diffusion in different monovalent salt solutions. In addition, solutes can affect the stabilities of macromolecules such as proteins in aqueous solution. Here, the diffusivities of aqueous solutions of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, tri-methylamine oxide (TMAO), urea, and TMAO-urea are examined in molecular dynamics simulations. The decrease in the diffusivity of water with the concentration of simple ions and urea can be described by a simple model in which the water molecules hydrogen bonded to the solutes are considered to diffuse at the same rate as the solutes, while the remainder of the water molecules are considered to be bulk and diffuse at almost the same rate as pure water. On the other hand, the decrease in the diffusivity of water with the concentration of TMAO is apparently affected by a decrease in the diffusion rate of the bulk water molecules in addition to the decrease due to the water molecules hydrogen bonded to TMAO. In other words, TMAO enhances the viscosity of water, while urea barely affects it. Overall, this separation of water molecules into those that are hydrogen bonded to solute and those that are bulk can provide a useful means of understanding the short- and long-range effects of solutes on water.

New exact solutions of the Dirac equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bagrov, V.G.; Gitman, D.M.; Zadorozhnyj, V.N.; Lavrov, P.M.; Shapovalov, V.N.

1980-01-01

Search for new exact solutions of the Dirac and Klein-Gordon equations are in progress. Considered are general properties of the Dirac equation solutions for an electron in a purely magnetic field, in combination with a longitudinal magnetic and transverse electric fields. New solutions for the equations of charge motion in an electromagnetic field of axial symmetry and in a nonstationary field of a special form have been found for potentials selected concretely

Inverse planning for x-ray rotation therapy: a general solution of the inverse problem

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oelfke, U.; Bortfeld, T.

1999-01-01

Rotation therapy with photons is currently under investigation for the delivery of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). An analytical approach for inverse treatment planning of this radiotherapy technique is described. The inverse problem for the delivery of arbitrary 2D dose profiles is first formulated and then solved analytically. In contrast to previously applied strategies for solving the inverse problem, it is shown that the most general solution for the fluence profiles consists of two independent solutions of different parity. A first analytical expression for both fluence profiles is derived. The mathematical derivation includes two different strategies, an elementary expansion of fluence and dose into polynomials and a more practical approach in terms of Fourier transforms. The obtained results are discussed in the context of previous work on this problem. (author)

Real solutions to equations from geometry

CERN Document Server

Sottile, Frank

2011-01-01

Understanding, finding, or even deciding on the existence of real solutions to a system of equations is a difficult problem with many applications outside of mathematics. While it is hopeless to expect much in general, we know a surprising amount about these questions for systems which possess additional structure often coming from geometry. This book focuses on equations from toric varieties and Grassmannians. Not only is much known about these, but such equations are common in applications. There are three main themes: upper bounds on the number of real solutions, lower bounds on the number of real solutions, and geometric problems that can have all solutions be real. The book begins with an overview, giving background on real solutions to univariate polynomials and the geometry of sparse polynomial systems. The first half of the book concludes with fewnomial upper bounds and with lower bounds to sparse polynomial systems. The second half of the book begins by sampling some geometric problems for which all ...

Classic tests of General Relativity described by brane-based spherically symmetric solutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cuzinatto, R.R. [Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Instituto de Ciencia e Tecnologia, Pocos de Caldas, MG (Brazil); Pompeia, P.J. [Departamento de Ciencia e Tecnologia Aeroespacial, Instituto de Fomento e Coordenacao Industrial, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP (Brazil); Departamento de Ciencia e Tecnologia Aeroespacial, Instituto Tecnologico de Aeronautica, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP (Brazil); De Montigny, M. [University of Alberta, Theoretical Physics Institute, Edmonton, AB (Canada); University of Alberta, Campus Saint-Jean, Edmonton, AB (Canada); Khanna, F.C. [University of Alberta, Theoretical Physics Institute, Edmonton, AB (Canada); TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, PO box 1700, Victoria, BC (Canada); Silva, J.M.H. da [Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Fisica e Quimica, Guaratingueta, SP (Brazil)

2014-08-15

We discuss a way to obtain information about higher dimensions from observations by studying a brane-based spherically symmetric solution. The three classic tests of General Relativity are analyzed in detail: the perihelion shift of the planet Mercury, the deflection of light by the Sun, and the gravitational redshift of atomic spectral lines. The braneworld version of these tests exhibits an additional parameter b related to the fifth-coordinate. This constant b can be constrained by comparison with observational data for massive and massless particles. (orig.)

Soliton-like solutions to the GKdV equation by extended mapping method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu Ranchao; Sun Jianhua

2007-01-01

In this note, many new exact solutions of the generalized KdV equation, such as rational solutions, periodic solutions like Jacobian elliptic and triangular functions, soliton-like solutions, are constructed by symbolic computation and the extended mapping method, with the auxiliary ordinary equation replaced by a more general one

Radiochromic liquid solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Noakes, J.E.; Culp, R.A.

1983-01-01

A radiochromic solution which is sensitive to small dosages of ionizing and ultraviolet radiation is described. It consists of a solution of a leucocyanide dye in a clear polar solvent with enough organic acid added to make the solution at least slightly acidic and responds to radiation by permanently changing color. Up to one half of the solution by weight can be replaced by a second solution of an aromatic solvent and an organic fluor. Another modification of the invention is a solution of a leucocyanide dye in a clear polar solvent having an aromatic group, an organic fluor, and enough organic acid to make the solution at least slightly acidic. (author)

A general solution for the dynamics of a generalized non-degenerate optical parametric down-conversion interaction by virtue of the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Jiangfan; Jiang Zongfu; Xiao Fuliang; Huang Chunjia

2005-01-01

The dynamics of a generalized non-degenerate optical parametric down-conversion interaction whose Hamiltonian includes an arbitrary time-dependent driving part and a two-mode coupled part is studied by adopting the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant theory. The closed formulae for the evolution of the quantum states and the evolution operators of the system are obtained. It is shown that various generalized squeezed states arise naturally in the process, and the two-mode squeezed effect is independent of the driving part. An explicitly analytical solution of the Schroedinger equation is further derived as the classical generalized force acting on each mode and the coupling of the two modes both have harmonic time dependences. This solution is found to be in agreement with previous research in special cases

Compacton solutions and multiple compacton solutions for a continuum Toda lattice model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fan Xinghua; Tian Lixin

2006-01-01

Some special solutions of the Toda lattice model with a transversal degree of freedom are obtained. With the aid of Mathematica and Wu elimination method, more explicit solitary wave solutions, including compacton solutions, multiple compacton solutions, peakon solutions, as well as periodic solutions are found in this paper

Processing Solutions for Big Data in Astronomy

Science.gov (United States)

Fillatre, L.; Lepiller, D.

2016-09-01

This paper gives a simple introduction to processing solutions applied to massive amounts of data. It proposes a general presentation of the Big Data paradigm. The Hadoop framework, which is considered as the pioneering processing solution for Big Data, is described together with YARN, the integrated Hadoop tool for resource allocation. This paper also presents the main tools for the management of both the storage (NoSQL solutions) and computing capacities (MapReduce parallel processing schema) of a cluster of machines. Finally, more recent processing solutions like Spark are discussed. Big Data frameworks are now able to run complex applications while keeping the programming simple and greatly improving the computing speed.

High Order A-stable Continuous General Linear Methods for Solution of Systems of Initial Value Problems in ODEs

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dauda GuliburYAKUBU

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Accurate solutions to initial value systems of ordinary differential equations may be approximated efficiently by Runge-Kutta methods or linear multistep methods. Each of these has limitations of one sort or another. In this paper we consider, as a middle ground, the derivation of continuous general linear methods for solution of stiff systems of initial value problems in ordinary differential equations. These methods are designed to combine the advantages of both Runge-Kutta and linear multistep methods. Particularly, methods possessing the property of A-stability are identified as promising methods within this large class of general linear methods. We show that the continuous general linear methods are self-starting and have more ability to solve the stiff systems of ordinary differential equations, than the discrete ones. The initial value systems of ordinary differential equations are solved, for instance, without looking for any other method to start the integration process. This desirable feature of the proposed approach leads to obtaining very high accuracy of the solution of the given problem. Illustrative examples are given to demonstrate the novelty and reliability of the methods.

Plugging solution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sharipov, A U; Yangirov, I Z

1982-01-01

A clay-powder, cement, and water-base plugging solution is proposed having reduced solution viscosity characteristics while maintaining tensile strength in cement stone. This solution utilizes silver graphite and its ingredients, by mass weight, are as follows: cement 51.2-54.3%; claypowder 6.06-9.1%; silver graphite 0.24-0.33%; with water making up the remainder.

Quenching characteristics of bathocuproinedisulfonic acid, disodium salt in aqueous solution and copper sulfate plating solution

Science.gov (United States)

Koga, Toshiaki; Hirakawa, Chieko; Takeshita, Michinori; Terasaki, Nao

2018-04-01

Bathocuproinedisulfonic acid, disodium salt (BCS) is generally used to detect Cu(I) through a color reaction. We newly found BCS fluorescence in the visible blue region in an aqueous solution. However, the fluorescence mechanism of BCS is not well known, so we should investigate its fundamental information. We confirmed that the characteristics of fluorescence are highly dependent on the molecular concentration and solvent properties. In particular, owing to the presence of the copper compound, the fluorescence intensity extremely decreases. By fluorescence quenching, we observed that a copper compound concentration of 10-6 mol/L or less could easily be measured in an aqueous solution. We also observed BCS fluorescence in copper sulfate plating solution and the possibility of detecting monovalent copper by fluorescence reabsorption.

Exact solutions of some nonlinear partial differential equations using ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The functional variable method is a powerful solution method for obtaining exact solutions of some nonlinear partial differential equations. In this paper, the functional variable method is used to establish exact solutions of the generalized forms of Klein–Gordon equation, the (2 + 1)-dimensional Camassa–Holm ...

Solid-soluted content of cerium in solid solution of sphene

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Wei; Teng Yuancheng; Li Yuxiang; Ren Xuetan; Huang Junjun

2010-01-01

The sphene solid solution was synthesized by solid-state method,with calcium carbonate, silica, titanium dioxide, cerium oxalate and alumina as raw materials. The solid-soluted content of cerium in sphene was researched by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), backscattering scanning electron microscopy (BSE), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and so on. The influence of A l3+ ion introduction to sphene on the solid-soluted content of cerium in sphene solid solution was studied. The results indicate that when introducing Al 3+ to sphene as electrovalence compensation, Ce 4+ could be well solidified to Ca 1-x Ce x Ti 1-2x A l2x SiO 5 , and the solid-soluted content is approximately 12.61%. With no electrovalence compensation, Ce 4+ could be solidified to Ca 1-2x Ce x TiSiO 5 , and the solid-soluted content is approximately 10.98%. The appropriate synthesis temperature of sphene solid solution is 1 260 degree C.(authors)

Radiation induced homogeneous precipitation in undersaturated solid-solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cauvin, Richard; Martin, Georges.

1978-01-01

The stability of various types of solid solutions under irradiation is studied. In this paper, observations made on AlZn solid solutions under 1 MeV electron irradiation are reported. Al-Zn was chosen as a prototype of solid solutions with a simple miscibility gap. It is shown that under appropriate irradiation conditions undersaturated AnZn solid solutions give rise to a homogeneous precipitation of coherent G.P. zones and of incoherent Zn precipitates the atomic volume of which is smaller than that of the matrix. We propose a more general treatment of solute concentration heterogeneities in solid solutions under irradiation and suggest how it might account for the nucleation of the observed phases. The growth of the observed precipitates is studied

Approximative solutions of stochastic optimization problem

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Lachout, Petr

2010-01-01

Roč. 46, č. 3 (2010), s. 513-523 ISSN 0023-5954 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA201/08/0539 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10750506 Keywords : Stochastic optimization problem * sensitivity * approximative solution Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 0.461, year: 2010 http://library.utia.cas.cz/separaty/2010/SI/lachout-approximative solutions of stochastic optimization problem.pdf

Mathematical modeling of solute transport in the subsurface

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naymik, T.G.

1987-01-01

A review of key works on solute transport models indicates that solute transport processes with the exception of advection are still poorly understood. Solute transport models generally do a good job when they are used to test scientific concepts and hypotheses, investigate natural processes, systematically store and manage data, and simulate mass balance of solutes under certain natural conditions. Solute transport models generally are not good for predicting future conditions with a high degree of certainty, or for determining concentrations precisely. The mathematical treatment of solute transport far surpasses their understanding of the process. Investigations of the extent of groundwater contamination and methods to remedy existing problems show the along-term nature of the hazard. Industrial organic compounds may be immiscible in water, highly volatile, or complexed with inorganic as well as other organic compounds; many remain stable in nature almost indefinitely. In the worst case, future disposal of hazardous waste may be restricted to deep burial, as is proposed for radioactive wastes. For investigations pertinent to transport of radionuclides from a geologic repository, the process cannot be fully understood without adequate thermodynamic and kinetic data bases

Solute-solute interactions in intermetallic compounds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Banerjee, Debashis; Murray, Ryan; Collins, Gary S., E-mail: collins@wsu.edu [Washington State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy (United States); Zacate, Matthew O. [Northern Kentucky University, Department of Physics and Geology (United States)

2017-11-15

Experiments were carried out on highly ordered GdAl{sub 2} samples containing extremely dilute mole fractions of{sup 111}In/Cd probe-atom solutes (about 10{sup −11}), intrinsic antisite atoms Al{sub Gd} having mole fractions of order 0-10{sup −2}, and doped with Ag solutes at mole fractions of order 10{sup −2}. Three types of defect interactions were investigated. (1) Quadrupole interactions caused by Ag-solute atoms neighboring{sup 111}In/Cd solute probe atoms were detected using the method of perturbed angular correlation of gamma rays (PAC). Three complexes of pairs of In-probes and Ag-solutes occupying neighboring positions on Gd- and Al-sublattices were identified by comparing site fractions in Gd-poor and Gd-rich GdAl{sub 2}(Ag) samples and from the symmetry of the quadrupole interactions. Interaction enthalpies between solute-atom pairs were determined from temperature dependences of observed site fractions. Repulsive interactions were observed for close-neighbor complexes In{sub Gd}+Ag{sub Gd} and In{sub Gd}+Ag{sub Al} pairs, whereas a slightly attractive interaction was observed for In{sub Al}+Ag{sub Al}. Interaction enthalpies were all small, in the range ±0.15 eV. (2) Quadrupole interactions caused by intrinsic antisite atoms Al{sub Gd} neighboring In{sub Gd} probes were also detected and site fractions measured as a function of temperature, as in previous work on samples not doped with Ag-solutes [Temperature- and composition-driven changes in site occupation of solutes in Gd{sub 1+3x}Al{sub 2−3x}, Zacate and Collins (Phys. Rev. B69, 174202 (1))]. However, the effective binding enthalpy between In{sub Gd} probe and Al{sub Gd} antisite was found to change sign from -0.12 eV (attractive interaction) in undoped samples to + 0.24 eV (repulsive) in Ag-doped samples. This may be attributed to an attractive interaction between Al{sub Gd} antisite atoms and Ag-dopants that competes with the attractive interaction between In{sub Gd} and Al{sub Gd

The Influence of Oral Carbohydrate Solution Intake on Stress Response before Total Hip Replacement Surgery during Epidural and General Anaesthesia.

Science.gov (United States)

Çeliksular, M Cem; Saraçoğlu, Ayten; Yentür, Ercüment

2016-06-01

The effects of oral carbohydrate solutions, ingested 2 h prior to operation, on stress response were studied in patients undergoing general or epidural anaesthesia. The study was performed on 80 ASA I-II adult patients undergoing elective total hip replacement, which were randomized to four groups (n=20). Group G patients undergoing general anaesthesia fasted for 8 h preoperatively; Group GN patients undergoing general anaesthesia drank oral carbohydrate solutions preoperatively; Group E patients undergoing epidural anaesthesia fasted for 8 h and Group EN patients undergoing epidural anaesthesia drank oral carbohydrate solutions preoperatively. Groups GN and EN drank 800 mL of 12.5% oral carbohydrate solution at 24:00 preoperatively and 400 mL 2 h before the operation. Blood samples were taken for measurements of glucose, insulin, cortisol and IL-6 levels. The effect of preoperative oral carbohydrate ingestion on blood glucose levels was not significant. Insulin levels 24 h prior to surgery were similar; however, insulin levels measured just before surgery were 2-3 times higher in groups GN and EN than in groups G and E. Insulin levels at the 24(th) postoperative hour in epidural groups were increased compared to those at basal levels, although general anaesthesia groups showed a decrease. From these measurements, only the change in Group EN was statistically significant (poral carbohydrate nutrition did not reveal a significant effect on surgical stress response.

Traversable intra-Universe wormholes and timeholes in General Relativity: two new solutions

Science.gov (United States)

Smirnov, Alexey L.

2016-11-01

Using thin shell formalism we construct two solutions of intra-Universe wormholes. The first model is a cosmological analog of the Aichelburg-Schein timehole, while another one is an intra-Universe form of the Bronnikov-Ellis solution.

General Series Solutions for Stresses and Displacements in an Inner-fixed Ring

Science.gov (United States)

Jiao, Yongshu; Liu, Shuo; Qi, Dexuan

2018-03-01

The general series solution approach is provided to get the stress and displacement fields in the inner-fixed ring. After choosing an Airy stress function in series form, stresses are expressed by infinite coefficients. Displacements are obtained by integrating the geometric equations. For an inner-fixed ring, the arbitrary loads acting on outer edge are extended into two sets of Fourier series. The zero displacement boundary conditions on inner surface are utilized. Then the stress (and displacement) coefficients are expressed by loading coefficients. A numerical example shows the validity of this approach.

Traversable intra-Universe wormholes and timeholes in General Relativity: two new solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smirnov, Alexey L

2016-01-01

Using thin shell formalism we construct two solutions of intra-Universe wormholes. The first model is a cosmological analog of the Aichelburg–Schein timehole, while another one is an intra-Universe form of the Bronnikov–Ellis solution. (paper)

CFD code verification and the method of manufactured solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pelletier, D.; Roache, P.J.

2002-01-01

This paper presents the Method of Manufactured Solutions (MMS) for CFD code verification. The MMS provides benchmark solutions for direct evaluation of the solution error. The best benchmarks are exact analytical solutions with sufficiently complex solution structure to ensure that all terms of the differential equations are exercised in the simulation. The MMS provides a straight forward and general procedure for generating such solutions. When used with systematic grid refinement studies, which are remarkably sensitive, the MMS provides strong code verification with a theorem-like quality. The MMS is first presented on simple 1-D examples. Manufactured solutions for more complex problems are then presented with sample results from grid convergence studies. (author)

Liquid scintillation solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Long, E.C.

1976-01-01

The liquid scintillation solution described includes a mixture of: a liquid scintillation solvent, a primary scintillation solute, a secondary scintillation solute, a variety of appreciably different surfactants, and a dissolving and transparency agent. The dissolving and transparency agent is tetrahydrofuran, a cyclic ether. The scintillation solvent is toluene. The primary scintillation solute is PPO, and the secondary scintillation solute is dimethyl POPOP. The variety of appreciably different surfactants is composed of isooctylphenol-polyethoxyethanol and sodium dihexyl sulphosuccinate [fr

A few remarks on Poincare-Perron solutions and regularly varying solutions

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Řehák, Pavel

2016-01-01

Roč. 66, č. 6 (2016), s. 1297-1318 ISSN 0139-9918 Institutional support: RVO:67985840 Keywords : Perron theorem * regularly varying solution * linear differential equation Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 0.346, year: 2016 https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/ms.2016.66.issue-6/ms-2016-0224/ms-2016-0224. xml ?format=INT

Mechatronics ideas, challenges, solutions and applications

CERN Document Server

Kaliński, Krzysztof; Szewczyk, Roman; Kaliczyńska, Małgorzata

2016-01-01

This book presents recent advances and developments in control, automation, robotics, and measuring techniques. It presents contributions of top experts in the fields, focused on both theory and industrial practice. In particular the book is devoted to new ideas, challenges, solutions and applications of Mechatronics. The particular chapters present a deep analysis of a specific technical problem which is in general followed by a numerical analysis and simulation, and results of an implementation for the solution of a real world problem. The presented theoretical results, practical solutions and guidelines will be useful for both researchers working in the area of engineering sciences and for practitioners solving industrial problems. .

Contribution to the study of influences in emission spectrography on solutions. Application to a general analysis method for stainless steels (1961); Contribution a l'etude des influences en spectographie d'emission sur solution. Application a une methode generale d'analyse des aciers inoxydables (1961)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baudin, G [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Grenoble (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1961-11-15

In order to establish a general method of analysis of stainless steels, by means of spark spectroscopy on solutions, a systematic study has been made of the factors involved. The variations in acidity of the solutions, or in the ratio of concentrations of two acids at constant pH, lead to a displacement of the calibration curve. Simple relations have been established between the concentration of the extraneous elements, and the effects produced, for the constituents Fe, Ti, Ni, Cr, Mn; a general method using abacus is proposed for steels containing only these elements. The interactions in the case of the elements Mo, Nb, Ta, W, were more complex, so that the simultaneous separation was studied with the help of ion-exchange resins. A general method of analysis is proposed for stainless steels. (author) [French] En vue d'etablir une methode generale d'analyse des aciers inoxydables par spectrographie d'etincelles sur solution, on a effectue une etude systematique des influences. Les variations de l'acidite des solutions ou du rapport des concentrations de deux acides a pH constant, entrainent un deplacement des courbes d'etalonnage. On a etabli des relations simples entre la teneur des tiers elements et les effets produits pour les constituants Fe, Ti, Ni, Cr, Mn; une methode generale avec abaques est proposee pour les aciers contenant ces seuls elements. Les influences dans le cas des elements Mo, Nb, Ta, W etant plus complexes, on eut a etudier la separation simultanee a l'aide de resines echangeuses d'ions. On propose une methode generale d'analyse des aciers inoxydables. (auteur)

Coalescing black hole solution in the De-Sitter universe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmed, Mainuddin

2005-01-01

A new coalescing black hole solution of Einstein-Maxwell equation in general relativity is given. The new solution is also found to support the 'Nerst Theorem' of thermodynamics in the case of black hole. Thus this solution poses to solve an outstanding problem of thermodynamics and black hole physics. (author)

Solutions of Einstein's field equations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tomonaga, Y [Utsunomiya Univ. (Japan). Faculty of Education

1978-12-01

In this paper the author investigates the Einstein's field equations of the non-vacuum case and generalizes the solution of Robertson-Walker by the three dimensional Einstein spaces. In Section 2 the author shortly generalizes the dynamic space-time of G. Lemetre and A. Friedmann by a simple transformation.

Solution of a General Linear Complementarity Problem Using Smooth Optimization and Its Application to Bilinear Programming and LCP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fernandes, L.; Friedlander, A.; Guedes, M.; Judice, J.

2001-01-01

This paper addresses a General Linear Complementarity Problem (GLCP) that has found applications in global optimization. It is shown that a solution of the GLCP can be computed by finding a stationary point of a differentiable function over a set defined by simple bounds on the variables. The application of this result to the solution of bilinear programs and LCPs is discussed. Some computational evidence of its usefulness is included in the last part of the paper

Exact Solutions of the Harry-Dym Equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mokhtari, Reza

2011-01-01

The aim of this paper is to generate exact travelling wave solutions of the Harry-Dym equation through the methods of Adomian decomposition, He's variational iteration, direct integration, and power series. We show that the two later methods are more successful than the two former to obtain more solutions of the equation. (general)

Pure soliton solutions of some nonlinear partial differential equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fuchssteiner, B.

1977-01-01

A general approach is given to obtain the system of ordinary differential equations which determines the pure soliton solutions for the class of generalized Korteweg-de Vries equations. This approach also leads to a system of ordinary differential equations for the pure soliton solutions of the sine-Gordon equation. (orig.) [de

Schwarzschild Solution: A Historical Perspective

Science.gov (United States)

Bartusiak, Marcia

2016-03-01

While eighteenth-century Newtonians had imagined a precursor to the black hole, the modern version has its roots in the first full solution to Einstein's equations of general relativity, derived by the German astronomer Karl Schwarzschild on a World War I battlefront just weeks after Einstein introduced his completed theory in November 1915. This talk will demonstrate how Schwarzschild's solution is linked to the black hole and how it took more than half a century for the physics community to accept that such a bizarre celestial object could exist in the universe.

Proteins in solution: Fractal surfaces in solutions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. Tscheliessnig

2016-02-01

Full Text Available The concept of the surface of a protein in solution, as well of the interface between protein and 'bulk solution', is introduced. The experimental technique of small angle X-ray and neutron scattering is introduced and described briefly. Molecular dynamics simulation, as an appropriate computational tool for studying the hydration shell of proteins, is also discussed. The concept of protein surfaces with fractal dimensions is elaborated. We finish by exposing an experimental (using small angle X-ray scattering and a computer simulation case study, which are meant as demonstrations of the possibilities we have at hand for investigating the delicate interfaces that connect (and divide protein molecules and the neighboring electrolyte solution.

General solution of undersampling frequency conversion and its optimization for parallel photodisplacement imaging.

Science.gov (United States)

Nakata, Toshihiko; Ninomiya, Takanori

2006-10-10

A general solution of undersampling frequency conversion and its optimization for parallel photodisplacement imaging is presented. Phase-modulated heterodyne interference light generated by a linear region of periodic displacement is captured by a charge-coupled device image sensor, in which the interference light is sampled at a sampling rate lower than the Nyquist frequency. The frequencies of the components of the light, such as the sideband and carrier (which include photodisplacement and topography information, respectively), are downconverted and sampled simultaneously based on the integration and sampling effects of the sensor. A general solution of frequency and amplitude in this downconversion is derived by Fourier analysis of the sampling procedure. The optimal frequency condition for the heterodyne beat signal, modulation signal, and sensor gate pulse is derived such that undesirable components are eliminated and each information component is converted into an orthogonal function, allowing each to be discretely reproduced from the Fourier coefficients. The optimal frequency parameters that maximize the sideband-to-carrier amplitude ratio are determined, theoretically demonstrating its high selectivity over 80 dB. Preliminary experiments demonstrate that this technique is capable of simultaneous imaging of reflectivity, topography, and photodisplacement for the detection of subsurface lattice defects at a speed corresponding to an acquisition time of only 0.26 s per 256 x 256 pixel area.

Solvent wash solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neace, J.C.

1986-01-01

This patent describes a process for removing diluent degradation products from a solvent extraction solution comprising an admixture of an organic extractant for uranium and plutonium and a non-polar organic liquid diluent, which has been used to recover uranium and plutonium from spent nuclear fuel. Comprising combining a wash solution consisting of: (a) water; and (b) a positive amount up to about, an including, 50 volume percent of at least one highly-polar water-miscible organic solvent, based on the total volume of the water and the highly-polar organic solvent, with the solvent extraction solution after uranium and plutonium values have been stripped from the solvent extraction solution, the diluent degradation products dissolving in the highly-polar organic solvent and the extractant and diluent of the extraction solution not dissolving in the highly-polar organic solvent, and separating the highly-polar organic solvent and the extraction solution to obtain a purified extraction solution

Hydration patterns and salting effects in sodium chloride solution.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Weifeng; Mu, Yuguang

2011-10-07

The salting effects of 2M sodium chloride electrolyte are studied based on a series of model solutes with properties ranging from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. Generally, hydrophobic solutes will be salted out and hydrophilic solutes will be salted in by NaCl solution. The solvation free energy changes are highly correlated with Kirkwood-Buff integrals. The underlying mechanism resorts to the preferential binding of ions and water to solutes. Our results demonstrate that the salting effect not only depends on the salt's position in Hofmeister series, but also on the solutes' specifics. Taking the hydration free energies of solutes and ions as independent variables, a schematic diagram of salting effects is suggested. The resolved multifaceted salting effects rely on the sensitive balance of the tripartite interaction among solutes, ions, and water. © 2011 American Institute of Physics

Asymptotically Stable Solutions of a Generalized Fractional Quadratic Functional-Integral Equation of Erdélyi-Kober Type

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohamed Abdalla Darwish

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We study a generalized fractional quadratic functional-integral equation of Erdélyi-Kober type in the Banach space BC(ℝ+. We show that this equation has at least one asymptotically stable solution.

Robertson-Walker solutions for various types of energy-momentum tensor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lukacs, B.

1976-01-01

Robertson-Walker solutions are important in general relativity as universe solutions. This paper contains a number of Robertson-Walker-type solutions for certain cases, namely, for noncharged massless scalar meson fields, viscous fluids, Hookean elastic mediums, and Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic systems. (author)

Solution mining process

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Showalter, W.E.

1984-01-01

A solution mining process which may be used for uranium, thorium, vanadium, copper, nickel, molybdenum, rhenium, and selenium is claimed. During a first injection-and-production phase of between 6 months and 5 years, a leaching solution is injected through at least one well into the formation to solubilize the mineral values and form a pregnant liquor. This liquor is recovered through another well. The leaching solution contains sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, carbonic acid, an alkali metal carbonate, an alkali metal bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate. Subsequently during a first production-only phase of between about 2 weeks and one year, injection of the leaching solution is suspended but pregnant liquor is still recovered. This stage is followed by a second injection-and-production phase of between 6 months and 5 years and a second production-only phase. The mineral values are separated from the pregnant liquor to form a barren liquor. The leaching agent is introduced into this liquor, and the solution is recycled. In a second claim for the solution mining of uranium, dilute carbonic acid is used as the leaching solution. The solution has a pH less than 7 and a bicarbonate ion concentration between about 380 ppm and 1000 ppm. The injection-and-production phase lasts between one and two years and the production only phase takes between one and four months. Carbon dioxide is introduced into the barren liquor to form a dilute carbonic acid solution and the solution is recycled

PFP solution stabilization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aftanas, B.L.

1996-01-01

This Functional Design Criteria (FDC) addresses remediation of the plutonium-bearing solutions currently in inventory at the Plutonium Finishing Plant (PFP). The recommendation from the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is that the solutions be treated thermally and stabilized as a solid for long term storage. For solutions which are not discardable, the baseline plan is to utilize a denitration process to stabilize the solutions prior to packaging for storage

New exact travelling wave solutions for the Ostrovsky equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kangalgil, Figen; Ayaz, Fatma

2008-01-01

In this Letter, auxiliary equation method is proposed for constructing more general exact solutions of nonlinear partial differential equation with the aid of symbolic computation. In order to illustrate the validity and the advantages of the method we choose the Ostrovsky equation. As a result, many new and more general exact solutions have been obtained for the equation

Periodic Solutions and S-Asymptotically Periodic Solutions to Fractional Evolution Equations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jia Mu

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with the existence and uniqueness of periodic solutions, S-asymptotically periodic solutions, and other types of bounded solutions for some fractional evolution equations with the Weyl-Liouville fractional derivative defined for periodic functions. Applying Fourier transform we give reasonable definitions of mild solutions. Then we accurately estimate the spectral radius of resolvent operator and obtain some existence and uniqueness results.

Existence of solutions for Hamiltonian field theories by the Hamilton-Jacobi technique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bruno, Danilo

2011-01-01

The paper is devoted to prove the existence of a local solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation in field theory, whence the general solution of the field equations can be obtained. The solution is adapted to the choice of the submanifold where the initial data of the field equations are assigned. Finally, a technique to obtain the general solution of the field equations, starting from the given initial manifold, is deduced.

A Dual Egalitarian Solution

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Klijn, F.; Slikker, M.; Tijs, S.H.

2000-01-01

In this note we introduce an egalitarian solution, called the dual egalitarian solution, that is the natural counterpart of the egalitarian solution of Dutta and Ray (1989).We prove, among others, that for a convex game the egalitarian solution coincides with the dual egalitarian solution for its

Solutions to higher hamiltonians in the Toda hierarchies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferreira, L.A.; Londe, R.M.

1988-01-01

We present a method for constructing the general solution to higher hamiltonians of the Toda hierarchies of integrable models associated to a simple Lie group G. The method depends on some special properties of the representations of the Lie algebra of G and it constitutes a generalization of the method used to construct the solutions of the Toda Molecula models. The SL(3) and SL(4) cases are discussed in detail. (author) [pt

Analytic solutions of nonlinear Cournot duopoly game

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Akio Matsumoto

2005-01-01

Full Text Available We construct a Cournot duopoly model with production externality in which reaction functions are unimodal. We consider the case of a Cournot model which has a stable equilibrium point. Then we show the existence of analytic solutions of the model. Moreover, we seek general solutions of the model in the form of nonlinear second-order difference equation.

Polygons of differential equations for finding exact solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kudryashov, Nikolai A.; Demina, Maria V.

2007-01-01

A method for finding exact solutions of nonlinear differential equations is presented. Our method is based on the application of polygons corresponding to nonlinear differential equations. It allows one to express exact solutions of the equation studied through solutions of another equation using properties of the basic equation itself. The ideas of power geometry are used and developed. Our approach has a pictorial interpretation, which is illustrative and effective. The method can be also applied for finding transformations between solutions of differential equations. To demonstrate the method application exact solutions of several equations are found. These equations are: the Korteveg-de Vries-Burgers equation, the generalized Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation, the fourth-order nonlinear evolution equation, the fifth-order Korteveg-de Vries equation, the fifth-order modified Korteveg-de Vries equation and the sixth-order nonlinear evolution equation describing turbulent processes. Some new exact solutions of nonlinear evolution equations are given

A General Approach to Access Morphologies of Polyoxometalates in Solution by Using SAXS: An Ab Initio Modeling Protocol.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Mu; Wang, Weiyu; Yin, Panchao

2018-05-02

Herein, we reported a general protocol for an ab initio modeling approach to deduce structure information of polyoxometalates (POMs) in solutions from scattering data collected by the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique. To validate the protocol, the morphologies of a serious of known POMs in either aqueous or organic solvents were analyzed. The obtained particle morphologies were compared and confirmed with previous reported crystal structures. To extend the feasibility of the protocol to an unknown system of aqueous solutions of Na 2 MoO 4 with the pH ranging from -1 to 8.35, the formation of {Mo 36 } clusters was probed, identified, and confirmed by SAXS. The approach was further optimized with a multi-processing capability to achieve fast analysis of experimental data, thereby, facilitating in situ studies of formations of POMs in solutions. The advantage of this approach is to generate intuitive 3D models of POMs in solutions without confining information such as symmetries and possible sizes. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

A generalized Zakharov-Shabat equation with finite-band solutions and a soliton-equation hierarchy with an arbitrary parameter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Yufeng; Tam, Honwah; Feng Binlu

2011-01-01

Highlights: → A generalized Zakharov-Shabat equation is obtained. → The generalized AKNS vector fields are established. → The finite-band solution of the g-ZS equation is obtained. → By using a Lie algebra presented in the paper, a new soliton hierarchy with an arbitrary parameter is worked out. - Abstract: In this paper, a generalized Zakharov-Shabat equation (g-ZS equation), which is an isospectral problem, is introduced by using a loop algebra G ∼ . From the stationary zero curvature equation we define the Lenard gradients {g j } and the corresponding generalized AKNS (g-AKNS) vector fields {X j } and X k flows. Employing the nonlinearization method, we obtain the generalized Zhakharov-Shabat Bargmann (g-ZS-B) system and prove that it is Liouville integrable by introducing elliptic coordinates and evolution equations. The explicit relations of the X k flows and the polynomial integrals {H k } are established. Finally, we obtain the finite-band solutions of the g-ZS equation via the Abel-Jacobian coordinates. In addition, a soliton hierarchy and its Hamiltonian structure with an arbitrary parameter k are derived.

Exploring the relation between 4D and 5D BPS solutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Behrndt, Klaus [Arnold-Sommerfeld-Center for Theoretical Physics, Department fuer Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Theresienstrasse 37, 80333 Munich (Germany)]. E-mail: behrndt@theorie.physik.uni-muenchen.de; Lopes Cardoso, Gabriel [Arnold-Sommerfeld-Center for Theoretical Physics, Department fuer Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Theresienstrasse 37, 80333 Munich (Germany)]. E-mail: gcardoso@theorie.physik.uni-muenchen.de; Mahapatra, Swapna [Physics Department, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751 004 (India)]. E-mail: swapna@iopb.res.in

2006-01-02

Based on recent proposals linking four and five-dimensional BPS solutions, we discuss the explicit dictionary between general stationary 4D and 5D supersymmetric solutions in N=2 supergravity theories with cubic prepotentials. All these solutions are completely determined in terms of the same set of harmonic functions and the same set of attractor equations. As an example, we discuss black holes and black rings in Godel-Taub-NUT spacetime. Then we consider corrections to the 4D solutions associated with more general prepotentials and comment on analogous corrections on the 5D side.

Multiple travelling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations using a unified algebraic method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fan Engui

2002-01-01

A new direct and unified algebraic method for constructing multiple travelling wave solutions of general nonlinear evolution equations is presented and implemented in a computer algebraic system. Compared with most of the existing tanh methods, the Jacobi elliptic function method or other sophisticated methods, the proposed method not only gives new and more general solutions, but also provides a guideline to classify the various types of the travelling wave solutions according to the values of some parameters. The solutions obtained in this paper include (a) kink-shaped and bell-shaped soliton solutions, (b) rational solutions, (c) triangular periodic solutions and (d) Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly periodic wave solutions. Among them, the Jacobi elliptic periodic wave solutions exactly degenerate to the soliton solutions at a certain limit condition. The efficiency of the method can be demonstrated on a large variety of nonlinear evolution equations such as those considered in this paper, KdV-MKdV, Ito's fifth MKdV, Hirota, Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov, Broer-Kaup, generalized coupled Hirota-Satsuma, coupled Schroedinger-KdV, (2+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave, (2+1)-dimensional Davey-Stewartson equations. In addition, as an illustrative sample, the properties of the soliton solutions and Jacobi doubly periodic solutions for the Hirota equation are shown by some figures. The links among our proposed method, the tanh method, extended tanh method and the Jacobi elliptic function method are clarified generally. (author)

Transition between vortex rings and MAP solutions for electrically charged magnetic solutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wong, Khai-Ming; Soltanian, Amin; Teh, Rosy [School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang (Malaysia)

2014-03-05

We consider the bifurcation and transition of axially symmetric monopole-antimonopole pair (MAP) and vortex ring solutions in the presence of electric charge for the SU(2) Yang-Mills-Higgs field theory. Here we investigate the properties of MAP/vortex ring solutions with n = 3,η = 0.65, for different Higgs field strength λ. For λ < 4.93, there is only one fundamental branch of vortex ring solution, but at the critical value of λ{sub b} = 4.93, branching happens and 2 sets of new solutions appeared. The new branch with less energy is a full MAP solution while the branch with higher energy contains MAP at the beginning and separation between poles of MAP on the z-axis reduces gradually and at another critical value of λ{sub t} = 14.852, they merge together at z = 0. Beyond this point the solutions change to the vortex ring solutions and a transitions between MAP and vortex ring solutions happens at this branch.

A quasilinear model for solute transport under unsaturated flow

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Houseworth, J.E.; Leem, J.

2009-01-01

We developed an analytical solution for solute transport under steady-state, two-dimensional, unsaturated flow and transport conditions for the investigation of high-level radioactive waste disposal. The two-dimensional, unsaturated flow problem is treated using the quasilinear flow method for a system with homogeneous material properties. Dispersion is modeled as isotropic and is proportional to the effective hydraulic conductivity. This leads to a quasilinear form for the transport problem in terms of a scalar potential that is analogous to the Kirchhoff potential for quasilinear flow. The solutions for both flow and transport scalar potentials take the form of Fourier series. The particular solution given here is for two sources of flow, with one source containing a dissolved solute. The solution method may easily be extended, however, for any combination of flow and solute sources under steady-state conditions. The analytical results for multidimensional solute transport problems, which previously could only be solved numerically, also offer an additional way to benchmark numerical solutions. An analytical solution for two-dimensional, steady-state solute transport under unsaturated flow conditions is presented. A specific case with two sources is solved but may be generalized to any combination of sources. The analytical results complement numerical solutions, which were previously required to solve this class of problems.

Complex solutions for generalised fitzhughnagumo equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neirameh, A.

2014-01-01

During present investigation, a direct algebraic method on complex solutions of nonlinear partial differential equation is developed and tested in the case of generalized Burgers-Huxley equation. The proposed scheme can be used in a wide class of nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations. These calculations demonstrate that the accuracy of the direct algebraic solutions is quite high even in the case of a small number of grid points. This method is a very reliable, simple, small computation costs, flexible, and convenient alternative method. (author)

Asymptotic Behavior of Periodic Wave Solution to the Hirota—Satsuma Equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu Yong-Qi

2011-01-01

The one- and two-periodic wave solutions for the Hirota—Satsuma (HS) equation are presented by using the Hirota derivative and Riemann theta function. The rigorous proofs on asymptotic behaviors of these two solutions are given such that soliton solution can be obtained from the periodic wave solution in an appropriate limiting procedure. (general)

On timelike supersymmetric solutions of gauged minimal 5-dimensional supergravity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chimento, Samuele; Ortín, Tomás [Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC,C/Nicolás Cabrera, 13-15, C.University Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid (Spain)

2017-04-04

We analyze the timelike supersymmetric solutions of minimal gauged 5-dimensional supergravity for the case in which the Kähler base manifold admits a holomorphic isometry and depends on two real functions satisfying a simple second-order differential equation. Using this general form of the base space, the equations satisfied by the building blocks of the solutions become of, at most, fourth degree and can be solved by simple polynomic ansatzs. In this way we construct two 3-parameter families of solutions that contain almost all the timelike supersymmetric solutions of this theory with one angular momentum known so far and a few more: the (singular) supersymmetric Reissner-Nordström-AdS solutions, the three exact supersymmetric solutions describing the three near-horizon geometries found by Gutowski and Reall, three 1-parameter asymptotically-AdS{sub 5} black-hole solutions with those three near-horizon geometries (Gutowski and Reall’s black hole being one of them), three generalizations of the Gödel universe and a few potentially homogenous solutions. A key rôle in finding these solutions is played by our ability to write AdS{sub 5}’s Kähler base space ( (ℂℙ)-bar {sup 2} or SU(1,2)/U(2)) is three different, yet simple, forms associated to three different isometries. Furthermore, our ansatz for the Kähler metric also allows us to study the dimensional compactification of the theory and its solutions in a systematic way.

A boring solution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Radiuk, M I; Iushkova, N E; Kozubovskii, A I

1979-10-25

A boring solution is being patented for boring for oil and gas, which can be used in wells, where the temperature of the circulating liquid reaches 100/sup 0/. Polyvinyl acetate emulsion (PVE) is added for the purpose of decreasing viscosity of the solution at a temperature of agression into the boring solution containing clay, water, carboxymethylcellulose (CBC), a chloride from the number of sodium, potassium, or magnesium chlorides. The solution has the following composition in %: clay, 10 to 20; CBC, 1.5 to 2.0; chloride, 5 to 20; PVE, 0.5 to 2; water, up to 100. In accordance to GOST 1000-62 for the accepted PVE, the compound has the following composition, in %: monomer, 0.8; dry residue, greater than or equal to 50; plasticizer (tributyl phthalate), 5 to 15. The boring solution is processed according to the following method. The original solution, containing clay, water, salts, receives 1.5 to 2% CBC and afterwards it is processed with 0.5 to 2% PVE.

From thermodynamics to the solutions in gravity theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, Hongsheng; Li, Xin-Zhou

2014-01-01

In a recent work, we present a new point of view to the relation of gravity and thermodynamics, in which we derive the Schwarzschild solution through thermodynamic considerations by the aid of the Misner–Sharp mass in an adiabatic system. In this Letter we continue to investigate the relation between gravity and thermodynamics for obtaining solutions via thermodynamics. We generalize our studies on gravi-thermodynamics in Einstein gravity to modified gravity theories. By using the first law with the assumption that the Misner–Sharp mass is the mass for an adiabatic system, we reproduce the Boulware–Deser–Cai solution in Gauss–Bonnet gravity. Using this gravi-thermodynamic thought, we obtain a NEW class of solution in F(R) gravity in an n-dimensional (n≥3) spacetime which permits three-type (n−2)-dimensional maximally symmetric subspace, as an extension of our recent three-dimensional black hole solution, and four-dimensional Clifton–Barrow solution in F(R) gravity

Riccati-parameter solutions of nonlinear second-order ODEs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reyes, M A; Rosu, H C

2008-01-01

It has been proven by Rosu and Cornejo-Perez (Rosu and Cornejo-Perez 2005 Phys. Rev. E 71 046607, Cornejo-Perez and Rosu 2005 Prog. Theor. Phys. 114 533) that for some nonlinear second-order ODEs it is a very simple task to find one particular solution once the nonlinear equation is factorized with the use of two first-order differential operators. Here, it is shown that an interesting class of parametric solutions is easy to obtain if the proposed factorization has a particular form, which happily turns out to be the case in many problems of physical interest. The method that we exemplify with a few explicitly solved cases consists in using the general solution of the Riccati equation, which contributes with one parameter to this class of parametric solutions. For these nonlinear cases, the Riccati parameter serves as a 'growth' parameter from the trivial null solution up to the particular solution found through the factorization procedure

From thermodynamics to the solutions in gravity theory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hongsheng Zhang

2014-10-01

Full Text Available In a recent work, we present a new point of view to the relation of gravity and thermodynamics, in which we derive the Schwarzschild solution through thermodynamic considerations by the aid of the Misner–Sharp mass in an adiabatic system. In this Letter we continue to investigate the relation between gravity and thermodynamics for obtaining solutions via thermodynamics. We generalize our studies on gravi-thermodynamics in Einstein gravity to modified gravity theories. By using the first law with the assumption that the Misner–Sharp mass is the mass for an adiabatic system, we reproduce the Boulware–Deser–Cai solution in Gauss–Bonnet gravity. Using this gravi-thermodynamic thought, we obtain a NEW class of solution in F(R gravity in an n-dimensional (n≥3 spacetime which permits three-type (n−2-dimensional maximally symmetric subspace, as an extension of our recent three-dimensional black hole solution, and four-dimensional Clifton–Barrow solution in F(R gravity.

Vacuum solutions admitting a geodesic null congruence with shear proportional to expansion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kupeli, A.H.

1988-01-01

Algebraically general, nontwisting solutions for the vacuum to vacuum generalized Kerr--Schild (GKS) transformation are obtained. These solutions admit a geodesic null congruence with shear proportional to expansion. In the Newman--Penrose formalism, if l/sup μ/ is chosen to be the null vector of the GKS transformation, this property is stated as σ = arho and Da = 0. It is assumed that a is a constant, and the background is chosen as a pp-wave solution. For generic values of a, the GKS metrics consist of the Kasner solutions. For a = +- (1 +- (2)/sup 1/2/), there are solutions with less symmetries including special cases of the Kota--Perjes and Lukacs solutions

Solitary Wave Solutions of the Boussinesq Equation and Its Improved Form

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Reza Abazari

2013-01-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the general case study of previous works on generalized Boussinesq equations, (Abazari, 2011 and (Kılıcman and Abazari, 2012, that focuses on the application of G′/G-expansion method with the aid of Maple to construct more general exact solutions for the coupled Boussinesq equations. In this work, the mentioned method is applied to construct more general exact solutions of Boussinesq equation and improved Boussinesq equation, which the French scientist Joseph Valentin Boussinesq (1842–1929 described in the 1870s model equations for the propagation of long waves on the surface of water with small amplitude. Our work is motivated by the fact that the G′/G-expansion method provides not only more general forms of solutions but also periodic, solitary waves and rational solutions. The method appears to be easier and faster by means of a symbolic computation.

Crystal Nucleation of Tolbutamide in Solution: Relationship to Solvent, Solute Conformation, and Solution Structure.

Science.gov (United States)

Zeglinski, Jacek; Kuhs, Manuel; Khamar, Dikshitkumar; Hegarty, Avril C; Devi, Renuka K; Rasmuson, Åke C

2018-04-03

The influence of the solvent in nucleation of tolbutamide, a medium-sized, flexible and polymorphic organic molecule, has been explored by measuring nucleation induction times, estimating solvent-solute interaction enthalpies using molecular modelling and calorimetric data, probing interactions and clustering with spectroscopy, and modelling solvent-dependence of molecular conformation in solution. The nucleation driving force required to reach the same induction time is strongly solvent-dependent, increasing in the order: acetonitrilenucleation difficulty is a function of the strength of solvent-solute interaction, with emphasis on the interaction with specific H-bonding polar sites of importance in the crystal structure. A clear exception from this rule is the most difficult nucleation in toluene despite the weakest solvent-solute interactions. However molecular dynamics modelling predicts that tolbutamide assumes an intramolecularly H-bonded conformation in toluene, substantially different from and more stable than the conformation in the crystal structure, and thus presenting an additional barrier to nucleation. This explains why nucleation in toluene is the most difficult and why the relatively higher propensity for aggregation of tolbutamide molecules in toluene solution, as observed with FTIR spectroscopy, does not translate into easier nucleation. Thus, our combined experimental and molecular modelling study suggests that the solvent can influence on the nucleation not only via differences in the desolvation but also through the influence on molecular conformation. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Compacton-like solutions for modified KdV and nonlinear ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

]; it was shown by linear stability analysis as well as by Lyapunov stability criterion that, these solutions are stable for arbitrary values of nonlinear parameters. Recently, in [8], envelope compacton and solitary pattern solutions of a generalized ...

The solutions of affine and conformal affine Toda field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Papadopoulos, G.; Spence, B.

1994-02-01

We give new formulations of the solutions of the field equations of the affine Toda and conformal affine Toda theories on a cylinder and two-dimensional Minkowski space-time. These solutions are parameterised in terms of initial data and the resulting covariant phase spaces are diffeomorphic to the Hamiltonian ones. We derive the fundamental Poisson brackets of the parameters of the solutions and give the general static solutions for the affine theory. (authors). 10 refs

Liquid scintillation solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Long, E.C.

1977-01-01

A liquid scintillation solution is described which includes (1) a scintillation solvent (toluene and xylene), (2) a primary scintillation solute (PPO and Butyl PBD), (3) a secondary scintillation solute (POPOP and Dimethyl POPOP), (4) a plurality of substantially different surfactants and (5) a filter dissolving and/or transparentizing agent. 8 claims

Contribution of the ''simple solutions'' concept to estimate density of actinides concentrated solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sorel, C.; Moisy, Ph.; Dinh, B.; Blanc, P.

2000-01-01

In order to calculate criticality parameters of nuclear fuel solution systems, number density of nuclides are needed and they are generally estimated from density equations. Most of the relations allowing the calculation of the density of aqueous solutions containing the electrolytes HNO 3 -UO 2 (NO 3 ) 2 -Pu(NO 3 ) 4 , usually called 'nitrate dilution laws' are strictly empirical. They are obtained from a fit of assumed polynomial expressions on experimental density data. Out of their interpolation range, such mathematical expressions show discrepancies between calculated and experimental data appearing in the high concentrations range. In this study, a physico-chemical approach based on the isopiestic mixtures rule is suggested. The behaviour followed by these mixtures was first observed in 1936 by Zdanovskii and expressed as: 'Binary solutions (i.e. one electrolyte in water) having a same water activity are mixed without variation of this water activity value'. With regards to this behaviour, a set of basic thermodynamic expressions has been pointed out by Ryazanov and Vdovenko in 1965 concerning enthalpy, entropy, volume of mixtures, activity and osmotic coefficient of the components. In particular, a very simple relation for the density is obtained from the volume mixture expression depending on only two physico-chemical variables: i) concentration of each component in the mixture and in their respectively binary solutions having the same water activity as the mixture and ii), density of each component respectively in the binary solution having the same water activity as the mixture. Therefore, the calculation needs the knowledge of binary data (water activity, density and concentration) of each component at the same temperature as the mixture. Such experimental data are largely published in the literature and are available for nitric acid and uranyl nitrate. Nevertheless, nitric acid binary data show large discrepancies between the authors and need to be

On flux integrals for generalized Melvin solution related to simple finite-dimensional Lie algebra

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ivashchuk, V.D. [VNIIMS, Center for Gravitation and Fundamental Metrology, Moscow (Russian Federation); Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Institute of Gravitation and Cosmology, Moscow (Russian Federation)

2017-10-15

A generalized Melvin solution for an arbitrary simple finite-dimensional Lie algebra G is considered. The solution contains a metric, n Abelian 2-forms and n scalar fields, where n is the rank of G. It is governed by a set of n moduli functions H{sub s}(z) obeying n ordinary differential equations with certain boundary conditions imposed. It was conjectured earlier that these functions should be polynomials - the so-called fluxbrane polynomials. These polynomials depend upon integration constants q{sub s}, s = 1,.., n. In the case when the conjecture on the polynomial structure for the Lie algebra G is satisfied, it is proved that 2-form flux integrals Φ{sup s} over a proper 2d submanifold are finite and obey the relations q{sub s} Φ{sup s} = 4πn{sub s}h{sub s}, where the h{sub s} > 0 are certain constants (related to dilatonic coupling vectors) and the n{sub s} are powers of the polynomials, which are components of a twice dual Weyl vector in the basis of simple (co-)roots, s = 1,.., n. The main relations of the paper are valid for a solution corresponding to a finite-dimensional semi-simple Lie algebra G. Examples of polynomials and fluxes for the Lie algebras A{sub 1}, A{sub 2}, A{sub 3}, C{sub 2}, G{sub 2} and A{sub 1} + A{sub 1} are presented. (orig.)

Exact solutions for isometric embeddings of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amery, G; Moodley, J

2014-01-01

Embeddings into higher dimensions are of direct importance in the study of higher dimensional theories of our Universe, in high energy physics and in classical general relativity. Theorems have been established that guarantee the existence of local and global codimension-1 embeddings between pseudo-Riemannian manifolds, particularly for Einstein embedding spaces. A technique has been provided to determine solutions to such embeddings. However, general solutions have not yet been found and most known explicit solutions are for embedded spaces with relatively simple Ricci curvature. Motivated by this, we have considered isometric embeddings of 4-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian spacetimes into 5-dimensional Einstein manifolds. We have applied the technique to treat specific 4-dimensional cases of interest in astrophysics and cosmology (including the global monopole exterior and Vaidya-de Sitter-class solutions), and provided novel physical insights into, for example, Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Since difficulties arise in solving the 5-dimensional equations for given 4-dimensional spaces, we have also investigated embedded spaces, which admit bulks with a particular metric form. These analyses help to provide insight to the general embedding problem

On exact solutions for oscillatory flows in a generalized Burgers fluid with slip condition

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hayat, Tasawar [Dept. of Mathematics, Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad (Pakistan); Dept. of Mathematics, Coll. of Sciences, KS Univ., Riyadh (Saudi Arabia); Najam, Saher [Theoretical Plasma Physics Div., PINSTECH, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad (Pakistan); Sajid, Muhammad; Mesloub, Said [Dept. of Mathematics, Coll. of Sciences, KS Univ., Riyadh (Saudi Arabia); Ayub, Muhammad [Dept. of Mathematics, Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad (Pakistan)

2010-05-15

An analysis is performed for the slip effects on the exact solutions of flows in a generalized Burgers fluid. The flow modelling is based upon the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nature of the fluid and modified Darcy law in a porous space. Two illustrative examples of oscillatory flows are considered. The results obtained are compared with several limiting cases. It has been shown here that the derived results hold for all values of frequencies including the resonant frequency. (orig.)

Improved decay rates for solutions for a multidimensional generalized Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation

KAUST Repository

Said-Houari, Belkacem

2014-01-01

the Fourier transform and the energy method, we show the global existence and the convergence rates of the solutions under the smallness assumption on the initial data and we give better decay rates of the solutions. This result improves early works in J

Solution of Moving Boundary Space-Time Fractional Burger’s Equation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

E. A.-B. Abdel-Salam

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The fractional Riccati expansion method is used to solve fractional differential equations with variable coefficients. To illustrate the effectiveness of the method, the moving boundary space-time fractional Burger’s equation is studied. The obtained solutions include generalized trigonometric and hyperbolic function solutions. Among these solutions, some are found for the first time. The linear and periodic moving boundaries for the kink solution of the Burger’s equation are presented graphically and discussed.

Periodic and solitary-wave solutions of the Degasperis-Procesi equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vakhnenko, V.O.; Parkes, E.J.

2004-01-01

Travelling-wave solutions of the Degasperis-Procesi equation are investigated. The solutions are characterized by two parameters. For propagation in the positive x-direction, hump-like, inverted loop-like and coshoidal periodic-wave solutions are found; hump-like, inverted loop-like and peakon solitary-wave solutions are obtained as well. For propagation in the negative x-direction, there are solutions which are just the mirror image in the x-axis of the aforementioned solutions. A transformed version of the Degasperis-Procesi equation, which is a generalization of the Vakhnenko equation, is also considered. For propagation in the positive x-direction, hump-like, loop-like, inverted loop-like, bell-like and coshoidal periodic-wave solutions are found; loop-like, inverted loop-like and kink-like solitary-wave solutions are obtained as well. For propagation in the negative x-direction, well-like and inverted coshoidal periodic-wave solutions are found; well-like and inverted peakon solitary-wave solutions are obtained as well. In an appropriate limit, the previously known solutions of the Vakhnenko equation are recovered

A generalized exp-function method for multiwave solutions of sine ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

With the development of soliton theory, finding multiwave solutions has ... transmission, self-transparency due to nonlinear effects of optical pulses, ..... Secondly, expanding each new dependent variable in infinite series of a formal expansion.

Solute-matrix and Solute-Solute Interactions during Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Sea Buckthorn Leaves

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Sajfrtová, Marie; Sovová, Helena

2012-01-01

Roč. 42, SI (2012), s. 1682-1691 E-ISSN 1877-7058. [International Congress of Chemical and Process Engineering CHISA 2012 and 15th Conference PRES 2012 /20./. Prague, 25.08.2012-29.08.2012] R&D Projects: GA TA ČR TA01010578 Institutional support: RVO:67985858 Keywords : supercritical fluid extraction * sea buckthom leaves * solute-solute interaction Subject RIV: CI - Industrial Chemistry, Chemical Engineering

A general analytical solution for the stochastic Milne problem using Karhunen–Loeve (K–L) expansion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hussein, A.; Selim, M.M.

2013-01-01

This paper considers the solution of the stochastic integro-differential equation of Milne problem with random operator. The Pomraning–Eddington method is implemented to get a closed form solution deterministically. Relying on the spectral properties of the covariance function, the Karhunen–Loeve (K–L) expansion is used to represent the input stochastic process in the deterministic solution. This leads to an explicit expression for the solution process as a multivariate functional of a set of uncorrelated random variables. By using different distributions for these variables, the work is realized through computing the mean and the variance of the solution. The numerical results are found in agreement with those obtained in the literature. -- Highlights: •The solution of the stochastic Milne problem is considered. •We dealt with the random cross-section itself not with the optical transformation of it. •Pomraning–Eddington method together with the (K–L) expansion were implemented. •The solution process is obtained as a functional of a set of uncorrelated random variables. •Good results are obtained for different distributions of these variables

A parametric LTR solution for discrete-time systems

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Niemann, Hans Henrik; Jannerup, Ole Erik

1989-01-01

A parametric LTR (loop transfer recovery) solution for discrete-time compensators incorporating filtering observers which achieve exact recovery is presented for both minimum- and non-minimum-phase systems. First the recovery error, which defines the difference between the target loop transfer...... and the full loop transfer function, is manipulated into a general form involving the target loop transfer matrix and the fundamental recovery matrix. A parametric LTR solution based on the recovery matrix is developed. It is shown that the LQR/LTR (linear quadratic Gaussian/loop transfer recovery) solution...

Solution of a Complex Least Squares Problem with Constrained Phase.

Science.gov (United States)

Bydder, Mark

2010-12-30

The least squares solution of a complex linear equation is in general a complex vector with independent real and imaginary parts. In certain applications in magnetic resonance imaging, a solution is desired such that each element has the same phase. A direct method for obtaining the least squares solution to the phase constrained problem is described.

The Kerr-Tomimatsu-Sato family of spinning mass solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamazaki, M.

1982-01-01

The closed form with an arbitrary positive integer distortion parameter delta of the Kerr-Tomimatsu-Sato family of spinning mass solutions, i.e., stationary axisymmetric, asymptotically flat exact solutions of Einstein's vacuum field equations Rsub(μγ) = 0 is presented. The generalization of the Kerr-Tomimatsu-Sato family of solutions to the case of the arbitrary positive non-integral distortion parameter delta is conjectured. Some analytic properties of the family of solutions are studied. It is shown that all ring singularities are of first order and all ergosurfaces are simple zeros of metric functions f. The charged Kerr-Tomimatsu-Sato family of solutions is also given in the closed form with an arbitrary positive integer distortion parameter delta. It is shown that the Christodoulou-Ruffini mass formula of the Kerr-Newman field or the delta = 1 member of the present family of solutions also holds true in the case of the charged Kerr-Tomimatsu-Sato family of solutions with an arbitary odd integer delta. (Auth.)

A Finite-Difference Solution of Solute Transport through a Membrane Bioreactor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

B. Godongwana

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The current paper presents a theoretical analysis of the transport of solutes through a fixed-film membrane bioreactor (MBR, immobilised with an active biocatalyst. The dimensionless convection-diffusion equation with variable coefficients was solved analytically and numerically for concentration profiles of the solutes through the MBR. The analytical solution makes use of regular perturbation and accounts for radial convective flow as well as axial diffusion of the substrate species. The Michaelis-Menten (or Monod rate equation was assumed for the sink term, and the perturbation was extended up to second-order. In the analytical solution only the first-order limit of the Michaelis-Menten equation was considered; hence the linearized equation was solved. In the numerical solution, however, this restriction was lifted. The solution of the nonlinear, elliptic, partial differential equation was based on an implicit finite-difference method (FDM. An upwind scheme was employed for numerical stability. The resulting algebraic equations were solved simultaneously using the multivariate Newton-Raphson iteration method. The solution allows for the evaluation of the effect on the concentration profiles of (i the radial and axial convective velocity, (ii the convective mass transfer rates, (iii the reaction rates, (iv the fraction retentate, and (v the aspect ratio.

Exact bidirectional X -wave solutions in fiber Bragg gratings

Science.gov (United States)

Efremidis, Nikolaos K.; Nye, Nicholas S.; Christodoulides, Demetrios N.

2017-10-01

We find exact solutions describing bidirectional pulses propagating in fiber Bragg gratings. They are derived by solving the coupled-mode theory equations and are expressed in terms of products of modified Bessel functions with algebraic functions. Depending on the values of the two free parameters, the general bidirectional X -wave solution can also take the form of a unidirectional pulse. We analyze the symmetries and the asymptotic properties of the solutions and also discuss additional waveforms that are obtained by interference of more than one solution. Depending on their parameters, such pulses can create a sharp focus with high contrast.

Solution of linear ill-posed problems using overcomplete dictionaries

OpenAIRE

Pensky, Marianna

2016-01-01

In the present paper we consider application of overcomplete dictionaries to solution of general ill-posed linear inverse problems. Construction of an adaptive optimal solution for such problems usually relies either on a singular value decomposition or representation of the solution via an orthonormal basis. The shortcoming of both approaches lies in the fact that, in many situations, neither the eigenbasis of the linear operator nor a standard orthonormal basis constitutes an appropriate co...

Imaginary eigenvalue solution in RPA and phase transition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yao Yujie; Jing Xiaogong; Zhao Guoquan; Wu Shishu

1993-01-01

The phase transition (PT) of a many-particle system with a close-shell configuration, the stability of the Hartree-Fock (HF) solution and the random phase approximation (RPA) are studied by means of a generalized three-level solvable model. The question whether the occurrence of an imaginary eigenvalue solution in RPA (OISA) may be considered as a signature of PT is explored in some detail. It is found that there is no close relation between OISA and PT. Generally, OISA shows that RPA becomes poor

Liquid scintillation solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Long, E.C.

1976-01-01

The invention deals with a liquid scintillation solution which contains 1) a scintillation solvent (toluol), 2) a primary scintillation solute (PPO), 3) a secondary scintillation solute (dimethyl POPOP), 4) several surfactants (iso-octyl-phenol polyethoxy-ethanol and sodium di-hexyl sulfosuccinate) essentially different from one another and 5) a filter resolution and/or transparent-making agent (cyclic ether, especially tetrahydrofuran). (HP) [de

A perturbative solution for gravitational waves in quadratic gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neto, Edgard C de Rey; Aguiar, Odylio D; Araujo, Jose C N de

2003-01-01

We find a gravitational wave solution to the linearized version of quadratic gravity by adding successive perturbations to Einstein's linearized field equations. We show that only the Ricci-squared quadratic invariant contributes to give a different solution to those found in Einstein's general relativity. The perturbative solution is written as a power series in the β parameter, the coefficient of the Ricci-squared term in the quadratic gravitational action. We also show that, for monochromatic waves of a given angular frequency ω, the perturbative solution can be summed out to give an exact solution to the linearized version of quadratic gravity, for 0 1/2 . This result may lead to implications for the predictions for gravitational wave backgrounds of cosmological origin

New types of exact solutions for a breaking soliton equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mei Jianqin; Zhang Hongqing

2004-01-01

In this paper based on a system of Riccati equations, we present a newly generally projective Riccati equation expansion method and its algorithm, which can be used to construct more new exact solutions of nonlinear differential equations in mathematical physics. A typical breaking soliton equation is chosen to illustrate our algorithm such that more families of new exact solutions are obtained, which contain soliton-like solutions and periodic solutions. This algorithm can also be applied to other nonlinear differential equations

Closed form solutions of two time fractional nonlinear wave equations

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M. Ali Akbar

2018-06-01

Full Text Available In this article, we investigate the exact traveling wave solutions of two nonlinear time fractional wave equations. The fractional derivatives are described in the sense of conformable fractional derivatives. In addition, the traveling wave solutions are accomplished in the form of hyperbolic, trigonometric, and rational functions involving free parameters. To investigate such types of solutions, we implement the new generalized (G′/G-expansion method. The extracted solutions are reliable, useful and suitable to comprehend the optimal control problems, chaotic vibrations, global and local bifurcations and resonances, furthermore, fission and fusion phenomena occur in solitons, the relativistic energy-momentum relation, scalar electrodynamics, quantum relativistic one-particle theory, electromagnetic interactions etc. The results reveal that the method is very fruitful and convenient for exploring nonlinear differential equations of fractional order treated in theoretical physics. Keywords: Traveling wave solution, Soliton, Generalized (G′/G-expansion method, Time fractional Duffing equation, Time fractional Riccati equation

Stability analysis of the soliton solutions for the generalized quintic derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chen Yue

Full Text Available The propagation of hydrodynamic wave packets and media with negative refractive index is studied in a quintic derivative nonlinear Schrödinger (DNLS equation. The quintic DNLS equation describe the wave propagation on a discrete electrical transmission line. We obtain a Lagrangian and the invariant variational principle for quintic DNLS equation. By using a class of ordinary differential equation, we found four types of exact solutions of the quintic DNLS equation, which are kink-type solitary wave solution, antikink-type solitary wave solution, sinusoidal solitary wave solution, bell-type solitary wave solution. By applying the modulation instability to discuss stability analysis of the obtained solutions. Modulation instabilities of continuous waves and localized solutions on a zero background have been investigated. Keywords: Quintic derivative NLS equation, Solitary wave solutions, Mathematical physics methods, 2000 MR Subject Classification: 35G20, 35Q53, 37K10, 49S05, 76A60

Asymptotic profile of global solutions to the generalized double dispersion equation via the nonlinear term

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Yu-Zhu; Wei, Changhua

2018-04-01

In this paper, we investigate the initial value problem for the generalized double dispersion equation in R^n. Weighted decay estimate and asymptotic profile of global solutions are established for n≥3 . The global existence result was already proved by Kawashima and the first author in Kawashima and Wang (Anal Appl 13:233-254, 2015). Here, we show that the nonlinear term plays an important role in this asymptotic profile.

Determination of the activity of a molecular solute in saturated solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nordstroem, Fredrik L.; Rasmuson, Ake C.

2008-01-01

Prediction of the solubility of a solid molecular compound in a solvent, as well as, estimation of the solution activity coefficient from experimental solubility data both require estimation of the activity of the solute in the saturated solution. The activity of the solute in the saturated solution is often defined using the pure melt at the same temperature as the thermodynamic reference. In chemical engineering literature also the activity of the solid is usually defined on the same reference state. However, far below the melting temperature, the properties of this reference state cannot be determined experimentally, and different simplifications and approximations are normally adopted. In the present work, a novel method is presented to determine the activity of the solute in the saturated solution (=ideal solubility) and the heat capacity difference between the pure supercooled melt and solid. The approach is based on rigorous thermodynamics, using standard experimental thermodynamic data at the melting temperature of the pure compound and solubility measurements in different solvents at various temperatures. The method is illustrated using data for ortho-, meta-, and para-hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylamide and paracetamol. The results show that complete neglect of the heat capacity terms may lead to estimations of the activity that are incorrect by a factor of 12. Other commonly used simplifications may lead to estimations that are only one-third of the correct value

Determination of the activity of a molecular solute in saturated solution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nordstroem, Fredrik L. [Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm (Sweden); Rasmuson, Ake C. [Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm (Sweden)], E-mail: rasmuson@ket.kth.se

2008-12-15

Prediction of the solubility of a solid molecular compound in a solvent, as well as, estimation of the solution activity coefficient from experimental solubility data both require estimation of the activity of the solute in the saturated solution. The activity of the solute in the saturated solution is often defined using the pure melt at the same temperature as the thermodynamic reference. In chemical engineering literature also the activity of the solid is usually defined on the same reference state. However, far below the melting temperature, the properties of this reference state cannot be determined experimentally, and different simplifications and approximations are normally adopted. In the present work, a novel method is presented to determine the activity of the solute in the saturated solution (=ideal solubility) and the heat capacity difference between the pure supercooled melt and solid. The approach is based on rigorous thermodynamics, using standard experimental thermodynamic data at the melting temperature of the pure compound and solubility measurements in different solvents at various temperatures. The method is illustrated using data for ortho-, meta-, and para-hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylamide and paracetamol. The results show that complete neglect of the heat capacity terms may lead to estimations of the activity that are incorrect by a factor of 12. Other commonly used simplifications may lead to estimations that are only one-third of the correct value.

Variable separation solutions for the Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation via the extended tanh-function method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Jiefang; Dai Chaoqing; Zong Fengde

2007-01-01

In this paper, with the variable separation approach and based on the general reduction theory, we successfully generalize this extended tanh-function method to obtain new types of variable separation solutions for the following Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov (NNV) equation. Among the solutions, two solutions are new types of variable separation solutions, while the last solution is similar to the solution given by Darboux transformation in Hu et al 2003 Chin. Phys. Lett. 20 1413

Generalization of Bateman-Hillion progressive wave and Bessel-Gauss pulse solutions of the wave equation via a separation of variables

CERN Document Server

Kiselev, A

2003-01-01

Two new families of exact solutions of the wave equation u sub x sub x + u sub y sub y + u sub z sub z - c sup - sup 2 u sub t sub t = 0 generalizing Bessel-Gauss pulses and Bateman-Hillion relatively undistorted progressive waves, respectively are presented. In each of these families new simple solutions describing localized wave propagation are found. The approach is based on a kind of separation of variables. (letter to the editor)

Approximate analytical solution of two-dimensional multigroup P-3 equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matausek, M.V.; Milosevic, M.

1981-01-01

Iterative solution of multigroup spherical harmonics equations reduces, in the P-3 approximation and in two-dimensional geometry, to a problem of solving an inhomogeneous system of eight ordinary first order differential equations. With appropriate boundary conditions, these equations have to be solved for each energy group and in each iteration step. The general solution of the corresponding homogeneous system of equations is known in analytical form. The present paper shows how the right-hand side of the system can be approximated in order to derive a particular solution and thus an approximate analytical expression for the general solution of the inhomogeneous system. This combined analytical-numerical approach was shown to have certain advantages compared to the finite-difference method or the Lie-series expansion method, which have been used to solve similar problems. (author)

Solution of the Chew-Low equations in the quadratic approximation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gerdt, V.P.; Zharkov, A.Yu.

1982-01-01

Within the framework of the iteration scheme for constructing the general solution of the Chew-Low equations as suggested earlier the second order power contributions are found. In contrast to the linear approximation obtained before the quadratic approximation includes an infinite number of poles on the complex plane of the uniformizing variable w. It is shown that taking into account the second order corrections in the general solution allows us to select the class of solutions possessing the Born pole at w=0. The most cumbersome part of analytical computations has been carried out by computer using the algebraic system REDUCE-2

New torsion black hole solutions in Poincaré gauge theory

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cembranos, Jose A.R.; Valcarcel, Jorge Gigante, E-mail: cembra@fis.ucm.es, E-mail: jorgegigante@ucm.es [Departamento de Física Teórica I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Complutense s/n, E-28040 Madrid (Spain)

2017-01-01

We derive a new exact static and spherically symmetric vacuum solution in the framework of the Poincaré gauge field theory with dynamical massless torsion. This theory is built in such a form that allows to recover General Relativity when the first Bianchi identity of the model is fulfilled by the total curvature. The solution shows a Reissner-Nordström type geometry with a Coulomb-like curvature provided by the torsion field. It is also shown the existence of a generalized Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter solution when additional electromagnetic fields and/or a cosmological constant are coupled to gravity.

Comment on 'Exact analytical solution for the generalized Lyapunov exponent of the two-dimensional Anderson localization'

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Markos, P; Schweitzer, L; Weyrauch, M

2004-01-01

In a recent publication, Kuzovkov et al (2002 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter. 14 13777) announced an analytical solution of the two-dimensional Anderson localization problem via the calculation of a generalized Lyapunov exponent using signal theory. Surprisingly, for certain energies and small disorder strength they observed delocalized states. We study the transmission properties of the same model using well-known transfer matrix methods. Our results disagree with the findings obtained using signal theory. We point to the possible origin of this discrepancy and comment on the general strategy of using a generalized Lyapunov exponent for studying Anderson localization. (comment)

New explicit and exact solutions of the Benney–Kawahara–Lin equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yuan-Xi, Xie

2009-01-01

In this paper, we present a combination method of constructing the explicit and exact solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations. And as an illustrative example, we apply the method to the Benney–Kawahara–Lin equation and derive its many explicit and exact solutions which are all new solutions. (general)

Elliptic equation rational expansion method and new exact travelling solutions for Whitham-Broer-Kaup equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Yong; Wang Qi; Li Biao

2005-01-01

Based on a new general ansatz and a general subepuation, a new general algebraic method named elliptic equation rational expansion method is devised for constructing multiple travelling wave solutions in terms of rational special function for nonlinear evolution equations (NEEs). We apply the proposed method to solve Whitham-Broer-Kaup equation and explicitly construct a series of exact solutions which include rational form solitary wave solution, rational form triangular periodic wave solutions and rational wave solutions as special cases. In addition, the links among our proposed method with the method by Fan [Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 2004;20:609], are also clarified generally

On classical solutions of SU(3) gauge field equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chakrabarti, A.

1975-01-01

Static classical solutions of SU(3) gauge field equations are studied. The roles of the O(3) subgroup and of the quadrupole generators are discussed systematically. The general form thus obtained leads, through-out, to a high degree of symmetry in the results. This brings in some simplifying features. An octet of scalar mesons is finally added. Certain classes of exact solutions are given that are singular at the origin. A generalized gauge condition is pointed out. The relation of the general form to known particular cases is discussed [fr

Selling value with the business solutions : Konica Minolta Business Solutions Finland Ltd.

OpenAIRE

Piira, Antti

2013-01-01

Abstract Konica Minolta aims to develop its sales from product sales to solution sales. This is a challenging transition that requires resources and new ideas from the company and its people. The thesis attempted to explore the current situation of solution sales at Konica Minolta Business Solutions Finland and to produce ideas on how to develop and support solution sales. In addition motivation factors and the utilization of customer references in sales was examinated. The triangulat...

Complete solution of the modified Cherry oscillator problem

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pfirsch, D.

1990-04-01

In 1925, T.M. Cherry presented a simple example demonstrating that linear stability analysis will in general not be sufficient for finding out whether a system is stable or not with respect to small-amplitude perturbations. The example consisted of two nonlinearly coupled oscillators, one possessing positive energy, the other negative energy, with frequencies ω 1 =2ω 2 allowing third-order resonance. In a previous paper, the present author reformulated Cherry's example and then generalized it to three coupled oscillators corresponding to three-wave interaction in a continuum theory like that of Maxwell-Vlasov. Cherry was able to present a two-parameter solution set for his example which would, however, allow a four-parameter solution set, and a three-parameter solution set for the resonant three-oscillator case was obtained which, however, would allow a six-parameter solution set. Nonlinear instability could therefore be proven only for a very small part of the phase space of the oscillators. This paper now gives the complete solution for the three-oscillator case and shows that, except for a singular case, all initial conditions, especially those with arbitrarily small amplitudes, lead to explosive behaviour. This is true of the resonant case. The non-resonant oscillators can sometimes also become explosively unstable, but only if the initial amplitudes are not infinitesimally small. (orig.)

Four-center bubbled BPS solutions with a Gibbons-Hawking base

Science.gov (United States)

Heidmann, Pierre

2017-10-01

We construct four-center bubbled BPS solutions with a Gibbons-Hawking base space. We give a systematic procedure to build scaling solutions: starting from three-supertube configurations and using generalized spectral flows and gauge transformations to extend to solutions with four Gibbons-Hawking centers. This allows us to construct very large families of smooth horizonless solutions that have the same charges and angular momentum as supersymmetric black holes with a macroscopically large horizon area. Our construction reveals that all scaling solutions with four Gibbons Hawking centers have an angular momentum at around 99% of the cosmic censorship bound. We give both an analytical and a numerical explanation for this unexpected feature.

Exact solutions of the neutron slowing down equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dawn, T.Y.; Yang, C.N.

1976-01-01

The problem of finding the exact analytic closed-form solution for the neutron slowing down equation in an infinite homogeneous medium is studied in some detail. The existence and unique properties of the solution of this equation for both the time-dependent and the time-independent cases are studied. A direct method is used to determine the solution of the stationary problem. The final result is given in terms of a sum of indefinite multiple integrals by which solutions of some special cases and the Placzek-type oscillation are examined. The same method can be applied to the time-dependent problem with the aid of the Laplace transformation technique, but the inverse transform is, in general, laborious. However, the solutions of two special cases are obtained explicitly. Results are compared with previously reported works in a variety of cases. The time moments for the positive integral n are evaluated, and the conditions for the existence of the negative moments are discussed

Exact Solutions to a Combined sinh-cosh-Gordon Equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wei Long

2010-01-01

Based on a transformed Painleve property and the variable separated ODE method, a function transformation method is proposed to search for exact solutions of some partial differential equations (PDEs) with hyperbolic or exponential functions. This approach provides a more systematical and convenient handling of the solution process of this kind of nonlinear equations. Its key point is to eradicate the hyperbolic or exponential terms by a transformed Painleve property and reduce the given PDEs to a variable-coefficient ordinary differential equations, then we seek for solutions to the resulting equations by some methods. As an application, exact solutions for the combined sinh-cosh-Gordon equation are formally derived. (general)

Solution of continuous nonlinear PDEs through order completion

CERN Document Server

Oberguggenberger, MB

1994-01-01

This work inaugurates a new and general solution method for arbitrary continuous nonlinear PDEs. The solution method is based on Dedekind order completion of usual spaces of smooth functions defined on domains in Euclidean spaces. However, the nonlinear PDEs dealt with need not satisfy any kind of monotonicity properties. Moreover, the solution method is completely type independent. In other words, it does not assume anything about the nonlinear PDEs, except for the continuity of their left hand term, which includes the unkown function. Furthermore the right hand term of such nonlinear PDEs can in fact be given any discontinuous and measurable function.

't Hooft's solution for arbitrary semisimple Lie group

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leznov, A.N.; Mukhtarov, M.A.

1990-07-01

The generalization of the 't Hooft's A 1 solution for every semisimple Lie algebra is found. The solution depends on r-independent chains of linear self-dual systems (Δ s α ) z = (Δ s+1 α ) y -bar, (Δ s α ) y -bar = -(Δ s+1 α ) z (1 ≤ α ≤ r); the length of α chain is equal to 2ω α + 1, where ω α are the indexes of the semisimple algebra and r is its rank. In the special case the O(4)-invariant solutions with instanton number equal to one arises. (author). 6 refs

Density of nitric acid solutions of plutonium; Densite des solutions nitriques de plutonium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guibergia, J P [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

The report is intended to furnish an expression making it possible to determine the density of a nitric acid solution of plutonium. Under certain defined experimental conditions, the equation found makes it possible to deduce, for a solution whose concentration, free acidity and temperature are known, the corresponding value of the density of that solution. (author) [French] L'expose a pour but de donner une formule permettant la determination de la densite d'une solution nitrique de plutonium. Suivant certaines conditions experimentales precisees, l'equation trouvee permet, pour une solution dont la concentration, l'acidite libre nitrique et la temperature sont donnees, de deduire la valeur correspondant de la densite de cette solution. (auteur)

Exact Solutions of Fragmentation Equations with General Fragmentation Rates and Separable Particles Distribution Kernels

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. C. Oukouomi Noutchie

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We make use of Laplace transform techniques and the method of characteristics to solve fragmentation equations explicitly. Our result is a breakthrough in the analysis of pure fragmentation equations as this is the first instance where an exact solution is provided for the fragmentation evolution equation with general fragmentation rates. This paper is the key for resolving most of the open problems in fragmentation theory including “shattering” and the sudden appearance of infinitely many particles in some systems with initial finite particles number.

Atomistically informed solute drag in Al–Mg

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, F; Curtin, W A

2008-01-01

Solute drag in solute-strengthened alloys, caused by diffusion of solute atoms around moving dislocations, controls the stress at deformation rates and temperatures useful for plastic forming processes. In the technologically important Al–Mg alloys, the solute drag stresses predicted by classical theories are much larger than experiments, which is resolved in general by eliminating the singularity of the dislocation core via Peierls–Nabarro-type models. Here, the drag stress versus dislocation velocity is computed numerically using a realistic dislocation core structure obtained from an atomistic model to investigate the role of the core and obtain quantitative stresses for comparison with experiment. The model solves a discrete diffusion equation in a reference frame moving with the dislocation, with input solute enthalpies and diffusion activation barriers in the core computed by or estimated from atomistic studies. At low dislocation velocities, the solute drag stress is controlled by bulk solute diffusion because the core diffusion occurs too quickly. In this regime, the drag stress can be obtained using a Peierls–Nabarro model with a core spreading parameter tuned to best match the atomistic models. At intermediate velocities, both bulk and core diffusion can contribute to the drag, leading to a complex stress–velocity relationship showing two peaks in stress. At high velocities, the drag stress is controlled solely by diffusion within and across the core. Like the continuum models, the drag stress is nearly linear in solute concentration. The Orowan relationship is used to connect dislocation velocity to deformation strain rate. Accounting for the dependence of mobile dislocation density on stress, the simulations are in good agreement with experiments on Al–Mg alloys over a range of concentrations and temperatures

Analytical Solution of Multicompartment Solute Kinetics for Hemodialysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Przemysław Korohoda

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Objective. To provide an exact solution for variable-volume multicompartment kinetic models with linear volume change, and to apply this solution to a 4-compartment diffusion-adjusted regional blood flow model for both urea and creatinine kinetics in hemodialysis. Methods. A matrix-based approach applicable to linear models encompassing any number of compartments is presented. The procedure requires the inversion of a square matrix and the computation of its eigenvalues λ, assuming they are all distinct. This novel approach bypasses the evaluation of the definite integral to solve the inhomogeneous ordinary differential equation. Results. For urea two out of four eigenvalues describing the changes of concentrations in time are about 105 times larger than the other eigenvalues indicating that the 4-compartment model essentially reduces to the 2-compartment regional blood flow model. In case of creatinine, however, the distribution of eigenvalues is more balanced (a factor of 102 between the largest and the smallest eigenvalue indicating that all four compartments contribute to creatinine kinetics in hemodialysis. Interpretation. Apart from providing an exact analytic solution for practical applications such as the identification of relevant model and treatment parameters, the matrix-based approach reveals characteristic details on model symmetry and complexity for different solutes.

Solution of Effective-Mass Dirac Equation with Scalar-Vector and Pseudoscalar Terms for Generalized Hulthén Potential

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Altuğ Arda

2017-01-01

Full Text Available We find the exact bound state solutions and normalization constant for the Dirac equation with scalar-vector-pseudoscalar interaction terms for the generalized Hulthén potential in the case where we have a particular mass function m(x. We also search the solutions for the constant mass where the obtained results correspond to the ones when the Dirac equation has spin and pseudospin symmetry, respectively. After giving the obtained results for the nonrelativistic case, we search then the energy spectra and corresponding upper and lower components of Dirac spinor for the case of PT-symmetric forms of the present potential.

In Vivo Remineralization of Artificial Carious Lesions using Calcifying Solution and Fluoride Solution

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Els Sunarsih Budipramana

2015-10-01

Full Text Available The remineralization potential of fluoride and calcifying solution was studiedas in situ model. Matched enamel discs of artifically demineralized human enamel were attached to an acrylic mandibular removable appliance of 6 adult volunteers who rinsed their mouth with a solution containing either 50 ppm F-, 200 ppm F- in amine fluoride, calcifying solution (formula BR21 or placebo as a control. The volunteers were asked to rinse 3 times a day for 3 minutes with 15 ml of the solution for 6 days (18 times. On the 7th day enamel discs were taken out from the partial denture. Three kinds of measurements were done: enamel permeability testing, depth lesion testing and fluoride retention testing. New demineralized enamel discs were attached to the partial dentures and the volunteers were asked to start rinsing with other solutions using the same protocols. The purpose of this study was to answer the question why the calcifying solutions were no more used as a remineralizing solution. The data ws analyzed using SPSS/PC for two factors Anova and one way Anova for enamel permeability and Kruskal Wallis for studying enamel depth lesion and fluoride retention. There was no significant difference after rinsing with calcifying solution and placebo in enamel permeability, depth lesions, and fluoride retention when compared to fluoride solution. To get a better result in remineralizing carious teeth fluoride contents in solution must be higher than 50 ppm F-.

Non-extremal black hole solutions from the c-map

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Errington, D.; Mohaupt, T.; Vaughan, O.

2015-01-01

We construct new static, spherically symmetric non-extremal black hole solutions of four-dimensional N=2 supergravity, using a systematic technique based on dimensional reduction over time (the c-map) and the real formulation of special geometry. For a certain class of models we actually obtain the general solution to the full second order equations of motion, whilst for other classes of models, such as those obtainable by dimensional reduction from five dimensions, heterotic tree-level models, and type-II Calabi-Yau compactifications in the large volume limit a partial set of solutions are found. When considering specifically non-extremal black hole solutions we find that regularity conditions reduce the number of integration constants by one half. Such solutions satisfy a unique set of first order equations, which we identify. Several models are investigated in detail, including examples of non-homogeneous spaces such as the quantum deformed STU model. Though we focus on static, spherically symmetric solutions of ungauged supergravity, the method is adaptable to other types of solutions and to gauged supergravity.

Fluctuation theory of solutions applications in chemistry, chemical engineering, and biophysics

CERN Document Server

Smith, Paul E

2013-01-01

There are essentially two theories of solutions that can be considered exact: the McMillan-Mayer theory and Fluctuation Solution Theory (FST). The first is mostly limited to solutes at low concentrations, while FST has no such issue. It is an exact theory that can be applied to any stable solution regardless of the number of components and their concentrations, and the types of molecules and their sizes. Fluctuation Theory of Solutions: Applications in Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biophysics outlines the general concepts and theoretical basis of FST and provides a range of applications

On the Partial Analytical Solution of the Kirchhoff Equation

KAUST Repository

Michels, Dominik L.

2015-09-01

We derive a combined analytical and numerical scheme to solve the (1+1)-dimensional differential Kirchhoff system. Here the object is to obtain an accurate as well as an efficient solution process. Purely numerical algorithms typically have the disadvantage that the quality of solutions decreases enormously with increasing temporal step sizes, which results from the numerical stiffness of the underlying partial differential equations. To prevent that, we apply a differential Thomas decomposition and a Lie symmetry analysis to derive explicit analytical solutions to specific parts of the Kirchhoff system. These solutions are general and depend on arbitrary functions, which we set up according to the numerical solution of the remaining parts. In contrast to a purely numerical handling, this reduces the numerical solution space and prevents the system from becoming unstable. The differential Kirchhoff equation describes the dynamic equilibrium of one-dimensional continua, i.e. slender structures like fibers. We evaluate the advantage of our method by simulating a cilia carpet.

On the Partial Analytical Solution of the Kirchhoff Equation

KAUST Repository

Michels, Dominik L.; Lyakhov, Dmitry; Gerdt, Vladimir P.; Sobottka, Gerrit A.; Weber, Andreas G.

2015-01-01

We derive a combined analytical and numerical scheme to solve the (1+1)-dimensional differential Kirchhoff system. Here the object is to obtain an accurate as well as an efficient solution process. Purely numerical algorithms typically have the disadvantage that the quality of solutions decreases enormously with increasing temporal step sizes, which results from the numerical stiffness of the underlying partial differential equations. To prevent that, we apply a differential Thomas decomposition and a Lie symmetry analysis to derive explicit analytical solutions to specific parts of the Kirchhoff system. These solutions are general and depend on arbitrary functions, which we set up according to the numerical solution of the remaining parts. In contrast to a purely numerical handling, this reduces the numerical solution space and prevents the system from becoming unstable. The differential Kirchhoff equation describes the dynamic equilibrium of one-dimensional continua, i.e. slender structures like fibers. We evaluate the advantage of our method by simulating a cilia carpet.

Algebraic methods for solution of polyhedra

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sabitov, Idzhad Kh [M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow (Russian Federation)

2011-06-30

By analogy with the solution of triangles, the solution of polyhedra means a theory and methods for calculating some geometric parameters of polyhedra in terms of other parameters of them. The main content of this paper is a survey of results on calculating the volumes of polyhedra in terms of their metrics and combinatorial structures. It turns out that a far-reaching generalization of Heron's formula for the area of a triangle to the volumes of polyhedra is possible, and it underlies the proof of the conjecture that the volume of a deformed flexible polyhedron remains constant. Bibliography: 110 titles.

Crossing-symmetric solutions to low equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McLeod, R.J.; Ernst, D.J.

1985-01-01

Crossing symmetric models of the pion-nucleon interaction in which crossing symmetry is kept to lowest order in msub(π)/msub(N) are investigated. Two iterative techniques are developed to solve the crossing-symmetric Low equation. The techniques are used to solve the original Chew-Low equations and their generalizations to include the coupling to the pion-production channels. Small changes are found in comparison with earlier results which used an iterative technique proposed by Chew and Low and which did not produce crossing-symmetric results. The iterative technique of Chew and Low is shown to fail because of its inability to produce zeroes in the amplitude at complex energies while physical solutions to the model require such zeroes. We also prove that, within the class of solutions such that phase shifts approach zero for infinite energy, the solution to the Low equation is unique. (orig.)

Approximated solutions to Born-Infeld dynamics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferraro, Rafael; Nigro, Mauro

2016-01-01

The Born-Infeld equation in the plane is usefully captured in complex language. The general exact solution can be written as a combination of holomorphic and anti-holomorphic functions. However, this solution only expresses the potential in an implicit way. We rework the formulation to obtain the complex potential in an explicit way, by means of a perturbative procedure. We take care of the secular behavior common to this kind of approach, by resorting to a symmetry the equation has at the considered order of approximation. We apply the method to build approximated solutions to Born-Infeld electrodynamics. We solve for BI electromagnetic waves traveling in opposite directions. We study the propagation at interfaces, with the aim of searching for effects susceptible to experimental detection. In particular, we show that a reflected wave is produced when a wave is incident on a semi-space containing a magnetostatic field.

Approximated solutions to Born-Infeld dynamics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferraro, Rafael [Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio (IAFE, CONICET-UBA),Casilla de Correo 67, Sucursal 28, 1428 Buenos Aires (Argentina); Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires,Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón I, 1428 Buenos Aires (Argentina); Nigro, Mauro [Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires,Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón I, 1428 Buenos Aires (Argentina)

2016-02-01

The Born-Infeld equation in the plane is usefully captured in complex language. The general exact solution can be written as a combination of holomorphic and anti-holomorphic functions. However, this solution only expresses the potential in an implicit way. We rework the formulation to obtain the complex potential in an explicit way, by means of a perturbative procedure. We take care of the secular behavior common to this kind of approach, by resorting to a symmetry the equation has at the considered order of approximation. We apply the method to build approximated solutions to Born-Infeld electrodynamics. We solve for BI electromagnetic waves traveling in opposite directions. We study the propagation at interfaces, with the aim of searching for effects susceptible to experimental detection. In particular, we show that a reflected wave is produced when a wave is incident on a semi-space containing a magnetostatic field.

Exponential estimates for solutions of half-linear differential equations

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Řehák, Pavel

2015-01-01

Roč. 147, č. 1 (2015), s. 158-171 ISSN 0236-5294 Institutional support: RVO:67985840 Keywords : half-linear differential equation * decreasing solution * increasing solution * asymptotic behavior Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 0.469, year: 2015 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10474-015-0522-9

On periodic solutions to second-order Duffing type equations

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Lomtatidze, Alexander; Šremr, Jiří

2018-01-01

Roč. 40, April (2018), s. 215-242 ISSN 1468-1218 Institutional support: RVO:67985840 Keywords : periodic solution * Duffing type equation * positive solution Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics OBOR OECD: Applied mathematics Impact factor: 1.659, year: 2016 http://www. science direct.com/ science /article/pii/S1468121817301335?via%3Dihub

Approximate analytical solution of two-dimensional multigroup P-3 equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matausek, M.V.; Milosevic, M.

1981-01-01

Iterative solution of multigroup spherical harmonics equations reduces, in the P-3 approximation and in two-dimensional geometry, to a problem of solving an inhomogeneous system of eight ordinary first order differential equations. With appropriate boundary conditions, these equations have to be solved for each energy group and in each iteration step. The general solution of the corresponding homogeneous system of equations is known in analytical form. The present paper shows how the right-hand side of the system can be approximated in order to derive a particular solution and thus an approximate analytical expression for the general solution of the inhomogeneous system. This combined analytical-numerical approach was shown to have certain advantages compared to the finite-difference method or the Lie-series expansion method, which have been used to solve similar problems. (orig./RW) [de

Finite element solution of quasistationary nonlinear magnetic field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zlamal, Milos

1982-01-01

The computation of quasistationary nonlinear two-dimensional magnetic field leads to the following problem. There is given a bounded domain OMEGA and an open nonempty set R included in OMEGA. We are looking for the magnetic vector potential u(x 1 , x 2 , t) which satisifies: 1) a certain nonlinear parabolic equation and an initial condition in R: 2) a nonlinear elliptic equation in S = OMEGA - R which is the stationary case of the above mentioned parabolic equation; 3) a boundary condition on delta OMEGA; 4) u as well as its conormal derivative are continuous accross the common boundary of R and S. This problem is formulated in two equivalent abstract ways. There is constructed an approximate solution completely discretized in space by a generalized Galerkin method (straight finite elements are a special case) and by backward A-stable differentiation methods in time. Existence and uniqueness of a weak solution is proved as well as a weak and strong convergence of the approximate solution to this solution. There are also derived error bounds for the solution of the two-dimensional nonlinear magnetic field equations under the assumption that the exact solution is sufficiently smooth

Business-to-business electronic commerce systems and services. Smart EC solution; Kigyoka nrenkei system solution system. Smart EC solution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Setoguchi, T.; Manchu, Y.; Katsumata, M. [Toshiba Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

2000-04-01

Toshiba provides a range of information technology (IT) solutions called SmartEC Solution, which includes business-to-business electronic commerce systems and services based on international standards and industrial know-how, especially our electronic data interchange (EDI) know-how as a manufacturer. These IT solutions are supplied as services covering strategy planning, system integration, and application service provider based on five types of business-to-business electronic commerce. (author)

Knotted solutions for linear and nonlinear theories: Electromagnetism and fluid dynamics

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel W.F. Alves

2017-10-01

Full Text Available We examine knotted solutions, the most simple of which is the “Hopfion”, from the point of view of relations between electromagnetism and ideal fluid dynamics. A map between fluid dynamics and electromagnetism works for initial conditions or for linear perturbations, allowing us to find new knotted fluid solutions. Knotted solutions are also found to be solutions of nonlinear generalizations of electromagnetism, and of quantum-corrected actions for electromagnetism coupled to other modes. For null configurations, electromagnetism can be described as a null pressureless fluid, for which we can find solutions from the knotted solutions of electromagnetism. We also map them to solutions of Euler's equations, obtained from a type of nonrelativistic reduction of the relativistic fluid equations.

Matched pairs approach to set theoretic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gateva-Ivanova, T.; Majid, S.

2005-08-01

We study set-theoretic solutions (X,r) of the Yang-Baxter equations on a set X in terms of the induced left and right actions of X on itself. We give a characterization of involutive square-free solutions in terms of cyclicity conditions. We characterise general solutions in terms of an induced matched pair of unital semigroups S(X,r) and construct (S,r S ) from the matched pair. Finally, we study extensions of solutions in terms of matched pairs of their associated semigroups. We also prove several general results about matched pairs of unital semigroups of the required type, including iterated products S bowtie S bowtie S underlying the proof that r S is a solution, and extensions (S bowtie T, r Sb owtie T ). Examples include a general 'double' construction (S bowtie S,r Sb owtie S ) and some concrete extensions, their actions and graphs based on small sets. (author)

Multigrid method applied to the solution of an elliptic, generalized eigenvalue problem

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alchalabi, R.M. [BOC Group, Murray Hill, NJ (United States); Turinsky, P.J. [North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States)

1996-12-31

The work presented in this paper is concerned with the development of an efficient MG algorithm for the solution of an elliptic, generalized eigenvalue problem. The application is specifically applied to the multigroup neutron diffusion equation which is discretized by utilizing the Nodal Expansion Method (NEM). The underlying relaxation method is the Power Method, also known as the (Outer-Inner Method). The inner iterations are completed using Multi-color Line SOR, and the outer iterations are accelerated using Chebyshev Semi-iterative Method. Furthermore, the MG algorithm utilizes the consistent homogenization concept to construct the restriction operator, and a form function as a prolongation operator. The MG algorithm was integrated into the reactor neutronic analysis code NESTLE, and numerical results were obtained from solving production type benchmark problems.

A general solution to some plane problems of micropolar elasticity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Warren, William E.; Byskov, Esben

2008-01-01

functions, the solution is obtained in terms of two analytic functions and a third function satisfying the modified homogeneous Helmholtz equation. Expressions for the two-dimensional components of displacement, stress, and couple stress, along with the resultant force on a contour, are presented.We observe...

Semi-exact solution of non-uniform thickness and density rotating disks. Part II: Elastic strain hardening solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hojjati, M.H.; Jafari, S.

2009-01-01

Analytical solutions for the elastic-plastic stress distribution in rotating annular disks with uniform and variable thicknesses and densities are obtained under plane stress assumption. The solution employs a technique called the homotopy perturbation method. A numerical solution of the governing differential equation is also presented based on the Runge-Kutta's method for both elastic and plastic regimes. The analysis is based on Tresca's yield criterion, its associated flow rule and linear strain hardening. The results of the two methods are compared and generally show good agreement. It is shown that, depending on the boundary conditions used, the plastic core may contain one, two or three different plastic regions governed by different mathematical forms of the yield criterion. Four different stages of elastic-plastic deformation occur. The expansion of these plastic regions with increasing angular velocity is obtained together with the distributions of stress and displacement

[Burnout of general practitioners in Belgium: societal consequences and paths to solutions].

Science.gov (United States)

Kacenelenbogen, N; Offermans, A M; Roland, M

2011-09-01

corollary a questioning of the viability of the health care system as we know it. At the time of writing this article, the Belgian Health Care Knowledge Centre (KCE) is completing, at the request of the Belgian Ministry (SPF) of Health a study entitled "Burn Out of General Practitioners: which prevention, which solutions" whose goal is to make recommendations for the prevention and support of this issue. To measure the real impact of the solutions eventually implemented, we need to create a tool for a regular assessment of the prevalence of this problem in our country.

Solute-vacancy binding in aluminum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wolverton, C.

2007-01-01

Previous efforts to understand solute-vacancy binding in aluminum alloys have been hampered by a scarcity of reliable, quantitative experimental measurements. Here, we report a large database of solute-vacancy binding energies determined from first-principles density functional calculations. The calculated binding energies agree well with accurate measurements where available, and provide an accurate predictor of solute-vacancy binding in other systems. We find: (i) some common solutes in commercial Al alloys (e.g., Cu and Mg) possess either very weak (Cu), or even repulsive (Mg), binding energies. Hence, we assert that some previously reported large binding energies for these solutes are erroneous. (ii) Large binding energies are found for Sn, Cd and In, confirming the proposed mechanism for the reduced natural aging in Al-Cu alloys containing microalloying additions of these solutes. (iii) In addition, we predict that similar reduction in natural aging should occur with additions of Si, Ge and Au. (iv) Even larger binding energies are found for other solutes (e.g., Pb, Bi, Sr, Ba), but these solutes possess essentially no solubility in Al. (v) We have explored the physical effects controlling solute-vacancy binding in Al. We find that there is a strong correlation between binding energy and solute size, with larger solute atoms possessing a stronger binding with vacancies. (vi) Most transition-metal 3d solutes do not bind strongly with vacancies, and some are even energetically strongly repelled from vacancies, particularly for the early 3d solutes, Ti and V

Application of solution-mineral equilibrium chemistry to solution mining of uranium ores

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Riese, A.C.; Propp, C.J.

1980-01-01

Modern methods of uranium solution mining are typically accompanied by gains and losses of mass through reagent consumption by rock-forming minerals, with subsequent formation of clay minerals, gypsum, carbonates, and iron oxyhydroxides. A systematic approach to alleviate such problems involves the application of leach solutions that are in equilibrium with the host-rock minerals but in disequilibrium with the ore-forming minerals. This partial equilibrium can be approximated by solution-composition adjustments within the systems K 2 O-Al 2 O 3 SiO 2 -H 2 O and Na 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 SiO 2 -H 2 O. Uranium ore containing 0.15 percent U 3 O 8 from the Gulf Mineral Resources Corporation's Mariano Lake mine, the Smith Lake district of the Grants mineral belt, was collected for investigation. Presented are a theoretical evaluation of leachate data and an experimental treatment of the ore, which contained mainly K-feldspar, plagioclase feldspar, and quartz (with lesser amounts of micas, clay minerals, and organic carbonaceous material). Small-scale (less than or equal to 1 kg) column-leaching experiments were conducted to model the results of conventional leaching operations and to provide leachate solutions that could be compared with solutions calculated to be in equilibrium with the matrix minerals. Leach solutions employed include: 1) sulfuric acid, 2) sodium bicarbonate, and 3) sulfuric acid with 1.0 molal potassium chloride. The uranium concentrations in the sodium-bicarbonate leach solution and the acid-leach solution were about a gram per liter at the termination of the tests. However, the permeability of the ore in the acid leach was greatly reduced, owing to the formation of clay minerals. Uranium solubility in the leach column stabilized with the potassium-chloride solution was calculated from leachate compositions to be limited by the solubility of carnotite

Performance Evaluation of Absorbent Solution for Draw Solute Recovery in Forward Osmosis Desalination Process

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Young; Lee, Jong Hoon; Lee, Kong Hoon; Kim, Yu-Chang; Oh, Dong Wook; Lee, Jungho

2013-01-01

Although forward osmosis desalination technology has drawn substantial attention as a next-generation desalination method, the energy efficiency of its draw solution treatment process should be improved for its commercialization. When ammonium bicarbonate is used as the draw solute, the system consists of forward-osmosis membrane modules, draw solution separation and recovery processes. Mixed gases of ammonia and carbon dioxide generated during the draws solution separation, need to be recovered to re-concentrate ammonium bicarbonate solution, for continuous operation as well as for the economic feasibility. The diluted ammonium bicarbonate solution has been proposed as the absorbent for the draw solution regeneration. In this study, experiments are conducted to investigate performance and features of the absorption corresponding to absorbent concentration. It is concluded that ammonium bicarbonate solution can be used to recover the generated ammonia and carbon dioxide. The results will be applied to design and operation of pilot-scale forward-osmosis desalination system

Performance Evaluation of Absorbent Solution for Draw Solute Recovery in Forward Osmosis Desalination Process

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Young; Lee, Jong Hoon; Lee, Kong Hoon; Kim, Yu-Chang; Oh, Dong Wook; Lee, Jungho [Korea Institute of Machinery Materials, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2013-04-15

Although forward osmosis desalination technology has drawn substantial attention as a next-generation desalination method, the energy efficiency of its draw solution treatment process should be improved for its commercialization. When ammonium bicarbonate is used as the draw solute, the system consists of forward-osmosis membrane modules, draw solution separation and recovery processes. Mixed gases of ammonia and carbon dioxide generated during the draws solution separation, need to be recovered to re-concentrate ammonium bicarbonate solution, for continuous operation as well as for the economic feasibility. The diluted ammonium bicarbonate solution has been proposed as the absorbent for the draw solution regeneration. In this study, experiments are conducted to investigate performance and features of the absorption corresponding to absorbent concentration. It is concluded that ammonium bicarbonate solution can be used to recover the generated ammonia and carbon dioxide. The results will be applied to design and operation of pilot-scale forward-osmosis desalination system.

Whole analogy between Daniel Bernoulli solution and direct kinematics solution

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Filipović Mirjana

2010-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper, the relationship between the original Euler-Bernoulli's rod equation and contemporary knowledge is established. The solution which Daniel Bernoulli defined for the simplest conditions is essentially the solution of 'direct kinematics'. For this reason, special attention is devoted to dynamics and kinematics of elastic mechanisms configuration. The Euler-Bernoulli equation and its solution (used in literature for a long time should be expanded according to the requirements of the mechanisms motion complexity. The elastic deformation is a dynamic value that depends on the total mechanism movements dynamics. Mathematical model of the actuators comprises also elasticity forces.

N=1 domain wall solutions of massive type II supergravity as generalized geometries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Louis, J.

2006-05-01

We study N=1 domain wall solutions of type IIB supergravity compactified on a Calabi-Yau manifold in the presence of RR and NS electric and magnetic fluxes. We show that the dynamics of the scalar fields along the direction transverse to the domain wall is described by gradient flow equations controlled by a superpotential W. We then provide a geometrical interpretation of the gradient flow equations in terms of the mirror symmetric compactification of type IIA. They correspond to a set of generalized Hitchin flow equations of a manifold with SU(3) x SU(3)structure which is fibered over the direction transverse to the domain wall. (Orig.)

Application of solution-mineral equilibrium chemistry to solution mining of uranium ores

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Riese, A.C.; Popp, C.J.

1979-01-01

The tests described were undertaken to determine the extent to leach solution-rock interactions with uranium-bearing ore obtained from the Mariano Lake mine. Leach solutions of an acidic (H/sub 2/O/sub 4/-sulfuric acid) and basic (NaHCO/sub 3/-sodium bicarbonate) nature were tested, in addition to a leach solution containing potassium chloride and sulfuric acid (KCl/H/sub 2/SO/sub 4/). The latter solution was chosen in an attempt to equilibrate the aqueous phase with the rock-forming silicate minerals and minimize adverse effects such as clay formation, porosity loss, and lixiviant loss. 29 refs

Soliton solution for nonlinear partial differential equations by cosine-function method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ali, A.H.A.; Soliman, A.A.; Raslan, K.R.

2007-01-01

In this Letter, we established a traveling wave solution by using Cosine-function algorithm for nonlinear partial differential equations. The method is used to obtain the exact solutions for five different types of nonlinear partial differential equations such as, general equal width wave equation (GEWE), general regularized long wave equation (GRLW), general Korteweg-de Vries equation (GKdV), general improved Korteweg-de Vries equation (GIKdV), and Coupled equal width wave equations (CEWE), which are the important soliton equations

Preemption versus Entrenchment: Towards a Construction-General Solution to the Problem of the Retreat from Verb Argument Structure Overgeneralization.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ben Ambridge

Full Text Available Participants aged 5;2-6;8, 9;2-10;6 and 18;1-22;2 (72 at each age rated verb argument structure overgeneralization errors (e.g., *Daddy giggled the baby using a five-point scale. The study was designed to investigate the feasibility of two proposed construction-general solutions to the question of how children retreat from, or avoid, such errors. No support was found for the prediction of the preemption hypothesis that the greater the frequency of the verb in the single most nearly synonymous construction (for this example, the periphrastic causative; e.g., Daddy made the baby giggle, the lower the acceptability of the error. Support was found, however, for the prediction of the entrenchment hypothesis that the greater the overall frequency of the verb, regardless of construction, the lower the acceptability of the error, at least for the two older groups. Thus while entrenchment appears to be a robust solution to the problem of the retreat from error, and one that generalizes across different error types, we did not find evidence that this is the case for preemption. The implication is that the solution to the retreat from error lies not with specialized mechanisms, but rather in a probabilistic process of construction competition.

An unusual cosmological solution in the context of higher-derivative gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Accioly, A.J.

1988-01-01

A general vacuum solution to the higher-derivative gravity field equations is presented in case of a model that exhibits symmetries of the Goedel-type. The solution possesses unusual properties. (author) [pt

Regular and conformal regular cores for static and rotating solutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Azreg-Aïnou, Mustapha

2014-03-07

Using a new metric for generating rotating solutions, we derive in a general fashion the solution of an imperfect fluid and that of its conformal homolog. We discuss the conditions that the stress–energy tensors and invariant scalars be regular. On classical physical grounds, it is stressed that conformal fluids used as cores for static or rotating solutions are exempt from any malicious behavior in that they are finite and defined everywhere.

Regular and conformal regular cores for static and rotating solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Azreg-Aïnou, Mustapha

2014-01-01

Using a new metric for generating rotating solutions, we derive in a general fashion the solution of an imperfect fluid and that of its conformal homolog. We discuss the conditions that the stress–energy tensors and invariant scalars be regular. On classical physical grounds, it is stressed that conformal fluids used as cores for static or rotating solutions are exempt from any malicious behavior in that they are finite and defined everywhere.

On Concurrent Solutions in Differential Games

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Romar Correa

2011-01-01

Full Text Available We examine solutions in which neither player is worse off from the leadership of one in a policy maker-public game. The loop model of dynamic games is used. Outcome space is dotted with equivalence classes of solutions. The Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE results and their New Keynesian variants might represent one category. The economy is the neighborhood of a market-clearing equilibrium with Pareto-optimal properties modulo frictions. Our interest lies in the ‘old’ Keynesian genus where the representative state is one of involuntary unemployment. Two information sets are relevant. In the first case, agents look to the past and the present. In the second, they are bound by the information provided in the present. The standard analysis pertains to DSGE models under full information. We show, in contrast, that in a situation of structural disequilibrium and feedback information, all parties are better off reneging on the social compact to achieve a superior class of solutions.

Renormgroup symmetry for solution functionals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shirkov, D.V.; Kovalev, V.F.

2004-01-01

The paper contains generalization of the renormgroup algorithm for boundary value problems of mathematical physics and related concept of the renormgroup symmetry, formulated earlier by the authors with reference to models based on differential equations. These algorithm and symmetry are formulated now for models with nonlocal (integral) equations. We discuss in detail and illustrate by examples the applications of the generalized algorithm to models with nonlocal terms which appear as linear functionals of the solution. (author)

Classical solutions of some field theoretic models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zakrzewski, W.J.

1982-01-01

In recent years much attention has been paid to simpler fields theories, so chosen that they possess several properties of nonabelian gauge theories. They preserve the conformal invariance of the action and one can define the topological charge for them. They possess nontrivial solutions to the equations of motion. The perturbation theory based on the fluctuations around each solution is characterized by asymptotic freedom. A model called CP sup(n-1) is presented and some models which are its natural generalizations are discussed. (M.F.W.)

Fundamental Solution For The Self-healing Fracture Pulse

Science.gov (United States)

Nielsen, S.; Madariaga, R.

We find the analytical solution for a fundamental fracture mode in the form of a self- similar, self-healing pulse. The existence of such a fracture mode was strongly sug- gested by recent numerical findings but, to our knwledge, no formal proof had been proposed up to date. We present a two dimensional, anti-plane solution for fixed rup- ture and healing velocities, that satisfies both wave equation and stress conditions; we argue that such a solution is plausible even in the absence of rate-weakening in the friction, as an alternative to the classic crack solution. In practice, the impulsive mode rather than the expanding crack mode is selected depending on details of fracture initiation, and is therafter self-maintained. We discuss stress concentration, fracture energy, rupture velocity and compare them to the case of a crack. The analytical study is complemented by various numerical examples and comparisons. On more general grounds, we argue that an infinity of marginally stable fracture modes may exist other than the crack solution or the impulseive fracture described here.

Complementary remarks about two Papapetrou solutions for the gravitational field equations in general relativity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reuss, J.D.

1967-08-01

We recall the algebraic statement that can be done for Petrov's classification. We determine Petrov's class in some points of the axial symmetric stationary solution given in 1953 by Papapetrou. We complete the determination of the Papapetrou non stationary cylindric solution. (author) [fr

Homogenization Theory for the Prediction of Obstructed Solute Diffusivity in Macromolecular Solutions.

Science.gov (United States)

Donovan, Preston; Chehreghanianzabi, Yasaman; Rathinam, Muruhan; Zustiak, Silviya Petrova

2016-01-01

The study of diffusion in macromolecular solutions is important in many biomedical applications such as separations, drug delivery, and cell encapsulation, and key for many biological processes such as protein assembly and interstitial transport. Not surprisingly, multiple models for the a-priori prediction of diffusion in macromolecular environments have been proposed. However, most models include parameters that are not readily measurable, are specific to the polymer-solute-solvent system, or are fitted and do not have a physical meaning. Here, for the first time, we develop a homogenization theory framework for the prediction of effective solute diffusivity in macromolecular environments based on physical parameters that are easily measurable and not specific to the macromolecule-solute-solvent system. Homogenization theory is useful for situations where knowledge of fine-scale parameters is used to predict bulk system behavior. As a first approximation, we focus on a model where the solute is subjected to obstructed diffusion via stationary spherical obstacles. We find that the homogenization theory results agree well with computationally more expensive Monte Carlo simulations. Moreover, the homogenization theory agrees with effective diffusivities of a solute in dilute and semi-dilute polymer solutions measured using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Lastly, we provide a mathematical formula for the effective diffusivity in terms of a non-dimensional and easily measurable geometric system parameter.

Homogenization Theory for the Prediction of Obstructed Solute Diffusivity in Macromolecular Solutions.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Preston Donovan

Full Text Available The study of diffusion in macromolecular solutions is important in many biomedical applications such as separations, drug delivery, and cell encapsulation, and key for many biological processes such as protein assembly and interstitial transport. Not surprisingly, multiple models for the a-priori prediction of diffusion in macromolecular environments have been proposed. However, most models include parameters that are not readily measurable, are specific to the polymer-solute-solvent system, or are fitted and do not have a physical meaning. Here, for the first time, we develop a homogenization theory framework for the prediction of effective solute diffusivity in macromolecular environments based on physical parameters that are easily measurable and not specific to the macromolecule-solute-solvent system. Homogenization theory is useful for situations where knowledge of fine-scale parameters is used to predict bulk system behavior. As a first approximation, we focus on a model where the solute is subjected to obstructed diffusion via stationary spherical obstacles. We find that the homogenization theory results agree well with computationally more expensive Monte Carlo simulations. Moreover, the homogenization theory agrees with effective diffusivities of a solute in dilute and semi-dilute polymer solutions measured using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Lastly, we provide a mathematical formula for the effective diffusivity in terms of a non-dimensional and easily measurable geometric system parameter.

Contribution to the study of influences in emission spectrography on solutions. Application to a general analysis method for stainless steels (1961)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baudin, G.

1961-11-01

In order to establish a general method of analysis of stainless steels, by means of spark spectroscopy on solutions, a systematic study has been made of the factors involved. The variations in acidity of the solutions, or in the ratio of concentrations of two acids at constant pH, lead to a displacement of the calibration curve. Simple relations have been established between the concentration of the extraneous elements, and the effects produced, for the constituents Fe, Ti, Ni, Cr, Mn; a general method using abacus is proposed for steels containing only these elements. The interactions in the case of the elements Mo, Nb, Ta, W, were more complex, so that the simultaneous separation was studied with the help of ion-exchange resins. A general method of analysis is proposed for stainless steels. (author) [fr

Solutions for the food processing industry; Shokuhin seizogyo solution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Toda, T; Iwami, N [Fuji Electric Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1999-09-10

To improve quality control and maintain stable operation, the food processing industry requires problem solutions in total, including not only processing and operation control divisions but also quality control, design and production technology, and maintenance divisions. This paper describes solutions for HACCP (hazard analysis critical control point) support, quality control, and maintenance, in order to improve the quality level, ensure traceability and realize stable processing operations. (author)

A family of analytical solutions of a nonlinear diffusion-convection equation

Science.gov (United States)

Hayek, Mohamed

2018-01-01

Despite its popularity in many engineering fields, the nonlinear diffusion-convection equation has no general analytical solutions. This work presents a family of closed-form analytical traveling wave solutions for the nonlinear diffusion-convection equation with power law nonlinearities. This kind of equations typically appears in nonlinear problems of flow and transport in porous media. The solutions that are addressed are simple and fully analytical. Three classes of analytical solutions are presented depending on the type of the nonlinear diffusion coefficient (increasing, decreasing or constant). It has shown that the structure of the traveling wave solution is strongly related to the diffusion term. The main advantage of the proposed solutions is that they are presented in a unified form contrary to existing solutions in the literature where the derivation of each solution depends on the specific values of the diffusion and convection parameters. The proposed closed-form solutions are simple to use, do not require any numerical implementation, and may be implemented in a simple spreadsheet. The analytical expressions are also useful to mathematically analyze the structure and properties of the solutions.

Approximation of entropy solutions to degenerate nonlinear parabolic equations

Science.gov (United States)

Abreu, Eduardo; Colombeau, Mathilde; Panov, Evgeny Yu

2017-12-01

We approximate the unique entropy solutions to general multidimensional degenerate parabolic equations with BV continuous flux and continuous nondecreasing diffusion function (including scalar conservation laws with BV continuous flux) in the periodic case. The approximation procedure reduces, by means of specific formulas, a system of PDEs to a family of systems of the same number of ODEs in the Banach space L^∞, whose solutions constitute a weak asymptotic solution of the original system of PDEs. We establish well posedness, monotonicity and L^1-stability. We prove that the sequence of approximate solutions is strongly L^1-precompact and that it converges to an entropy solution of the original equation in the sense of Carrillo. This result contributes to justify the use of this original method for the Cauchy problem to standard multidimensional systems of fluid dynamics for which a uniqueness result is lacking.

A Simple General Solution for Maximal Horizontal Range of Projectile Motion

OpenAIRE

Busic, Boris

2005-01-01

A convenient change of variables in the problem of maximizing the horizontal range of the projectile motion, with an arbitrary initial vertical position of the projectile, provides a simple, straightforward solution.

Influence of container structures and content solutions on dispensing time of ophthalmic solutions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Keiji Yoshikawa

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Keiji Yoshikawa1, Hiroshi Yamada21Yoshikawa Eye Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; 2Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, JapanPurpose: To investigate the influence of container structures and content solutions on the time of dispensing from eye dropper bottles.Methods: Eye dropper bottle models, solution models (filtrate water/surfactant solution and a dispensing time measuring apparatus were prepared to measure the dispensing time.Results: With filtrate water and pressure thrust load of 0.3 MPa, the dispensing time significantly increased from 1.1 ± 0.5 seconds to 4.6 ± 1.1 seconds depending on the decrease of inner aperture diameters from 0.4 mm to 0.2 mm (P < 0.0001. When using the bottle models with inner aperture diameters of 0.4 mm or larger, the dispensing time became constant. The dispensing time using surfactant solution showed the same tendency as above. When pressure thrust load was large (0.07 MPa, the solution flew out continuously with inner aperture diameters of 0.4 mm or larger and the dispensing time could not be measured. The inner aperture diameter most strongly explained the variation of the dispensing time in both the content solutions in the multiple linear regression analysis (filtrate water: 46%, R2 = 0.462, surfactant solution: 56%, R2 = 0.563.Conclusions: Among content solutions and container structures, the dispensing time was mostly influenced by the diameter of the inner aperture of bottles.Keywords: dispensing time, model eye dropper bottle, model ophthalmic solution, nozzle internal space volume, nozzle inner aperture diameter

Bouncing cosmological solutions from f(R,T) gravity

Science.gov (United States)

Shabani, Hamid; Ziaie, Amir Hadi

2018-05-01

In this work we study classical bouncing solutions in the context of f(R,T)=R+h(T) gravity in a flat FLRW background using a perfect fluid as the only matter content. Our investigation is based on introducing an effective fluid through defining effective energy density and pressure; we call this reformulation as the " effective picture". These definitions have been already introduced to study the energy conditions in f(R,T) gravity. We examine various models to which different effective equations of state, corresponding to different h(T) functions, can be attributed. It is also discussed that one can link between an assumed f(R,T) model in the effective picture and the theories with generalized equation of state ( EoS). We obtain cosmological scenarios exhibiting a nonsingular bounce before and after which the Universe lives within a de-Sitter phase. We then proceed to find general solutions for matter bounce and investigate their properties. We show that the properties of bouncing solution in the effective picture of f(R,T) gravity are as follows: for a specific form of the f(R,T) function, these solutions are without any future singularities. Moreover, stability analysis of the nonsingular solutions through matter density perturbations revealed that except two of the models, the parameters of scalar-type perturbations for the other ones have a slight transient fluctuation around the bounce point and damp to zero or a finite value at late times. Hence these bouncing solutions are stable against scalar-type perturbations. It is possible that all energy conditions be respected by the real perfect fluid, however, the null and the strong energy conditions can be violated by the effective fluid near the bounce event. These solutions always correspond to a maximum in the real matter energy density and a vanishing minimum in the effective density. The effective pressure varies between negative values and may show either a minimum or a maximum.

EXACT TRAVELLING WAVE SOLUTIONS TO BBM EQUATION

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

无

2009-01-01

Abundant new travelling wave solutions to the BBM (Benjamin-Bona-Mahoni) equation are obtained by the generalized Jacobian elliptic function method. This method can be applied to other nonlinear evolution equations.

Professional Hadoop solutions

CERN Document Server

Lublinsky, Boris; Yakubovich, Alexey

2013-01-01

The go-to guidebook for deploying Big Data solutions with Hadoop Today's enterprise architects need to understand how the Hadoop frameworks and APIs fit together, and how they can be integrated to deliver real-world solutions. This book is a practical, detailed guide to building and implementing those solutions, with code-level instruction in the popular Wrox tradition. It covers storing data with HDFS and Hbase, processing data with MapReduce, and automating data processing with Oozie. Hadoop security, running Hadoop with Amazon Web Services, best practices, and automating Hadoop processes i

New Explicit Solutions of (1 + 1)-Dimensional Variable-Coefficient Broer-Kaup System

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yan Zhilian; Zhou Jianping

2010-01-01

By using the compatibility method, many explicit solutions of the (1 + 1)-dimensional variable-coefficient Broer-Kaup system are constructed, which include new solutions expressed by error function, Bessel function, exponential function, and Airy function. Some figures of the solutions are given by the symbolic computation system Maple. (general)

Measure-valued solutions to the complete Euler system revisited

Science.gov (United States)

Březina, Jan; Feireisl, Eduard

2018-06-01

We consider the complete Euler system describing the time evolution of a general inviscid compressible fluid. We introduce a new concept of measure-valued solution based on the total energy balance and entropy inequality for the physical entropy without any renormalization. This class of so-called dissipative measure-valued solutions is large enough to include the vanishing dissipation limits of the Navier-Stokes-Fourier system. Our main result states that any sequence of weak solutions to the Navier-Stokes-Fourier system with vanishing viscosity and heat conductivity coefficients generates a dissipative measure-valued solution of the Euler system under some physically grounded constitutive relations. Finally, we discuss the same asymptotic limit for the bi-velocity fluid model introduced by H.Brenner.

Numerical solution for identification of feedback coefficients in nuclear reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ebizuka, Yoshie; Sakai, Hideo

1975-01-01

Quasilinearization technique was studied to determine the Kinetic parameters of nuclear reactors. The method of solution was generalized to the determination of the parameters contained in a nonlinear system with nonlinear boundary conditions. A computer program, SNR-3, was developed to solve the resulting nonlinear two-point boundary value equations with generalized boundary conditions. In this paper, the problem formulation and the method of solution are explained for a general type of time dependent problem. A flow chart shows the procedure of numerical solution. The method was then applied to the determination of the critical factor and the reactivity feedback coefficients of reactors to investigate the accuracy and the applicability of the present method. The results showed that the present method was considerably successful, but that the random observation error effected the results of the identification. (Aoki, K.)

Vacuum solutions of Bianchi cosmologies in quadratic gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deus, Juliano Alves de; Muller, Daniel

2011-01-01

Full text: In this work we solve numerically the vacuum solutions of field equations of Bianchi homogeneous universes in the context of Semiclassical theory. Our interest is to study the quadratic theory of gravity with regard in the cosmological description of our universe in periods of intense fields. Bianchi cosmologies are anisotropic homogeneous cosmological models, but can include the isotropic models as particular cases (Bianchi I, VII and IX include homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann models plane, hyperbolic and spherical, respectively). Homogeneous models are good cosmological representations of our universe. With focus in solutions for intense fields, like the early universe, where isotropy is not necessarily required, the adopted scenario is the vacuum solutions, where the geometry is dominant in determining the gravitation. Still following in this way, the Semiclassical theory, which considers quantum matter fields propagating in classical geometrical background, is addressed to give the field equations. This formalism leads to fourth-order ordinary differential equations, in contrast to second-order equations from General Relativity. The Lagrangian of the theory is quadratic in the Ricci scalar and in the Ricci tensor. The equations system is highly non-linear and can be only numerically solved, except perhaps for few particular cases. We obtained numerical solutions for Bianchi V II A evolving to Minkowski and to de Sitter solutions, and also to singularities. The both first and second solutions were obtained choosing initial conditions near from respective exact vacuum solutions from Einstein theory, which are also exact solutions of the quadratic theory. Other Bianchi types are still under study. (author)

Computing group cardinality constraint solutions for logistic regression problems.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Yong; Kwon, Dongjin; Pohl, Kilian M

2017-01-01

We derive an algorithm to directly solve logistic regression based on cardinality constraint, group sparsity and use it to classify intra-subject MRI sequences (e.g. cine MRIs) of healthy from diseased subjects. Group cardinality constraint models are often applied to medical images in order to avoid overfitting of the classifier to the training data. Solutions within these models are generally determined by relaxing the cardinality constraint to a weighted feature selection scheme. However, these solutions relate to the original sparse problem only under specific assumptions, which generally do not hold for medical image applications. In addition, inferring clinical meaning from features weighted by a classifier is an ongoing topic of discussion. Avoiding weighing features, we propose to directly solve the group cardinality constraint logistic regression problem by generalizing the Penalty Decomposition method. To do so, we assume that an intra-subject series of images represents repeated samples of the same disease patterns. We model this assumption by combining series of measurements created by a feature across time into a single group. Our algorithm then derives a solution within that model by decoupling the minimization of the logistic regression function from enforcing the group sparsity constraint. The minimum to the smooth and convex logistic regression problem is determined via gradient descent while we derive a closed form solution for finding a sparse approximation of that minimum. We apply our method to cine MRI of 38 healthy controls and 44 adult patients that received reconstructive surgery of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) during infancy. Our method correctly identifies regions impacted by TOF and generally obtains statistically significant higher classification accuracy than alternative solutions to this model, i.e., ones relaxing group cardinality constraints. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Enhanced safeguards via solution monitoring

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burr, T.; Wangen, L.

1996-09-01

Solution monitoring is defined as the essentially continuous monitoring of solution level, density, and temperature in all tanks in the process that contain, or could contain, safeguards-significant quantities of nuclear material. This report describes some of the enhancements that solution monitoring could make to international safeguards. The focus is on the quantifiable benefits of solution monitoring, but qualitatively, solution monitoring can be viewed as a form of surveillance. Quantitatively, solution monitoring can in some cases improve diversion detection probability. For example, the authors show that under certain assumptions, solution monitoring can be used to reduce the standard deviation of the annual material balance, σ MB , from approximately 17 kg to approximately 4 kg. Such reduction in σ MB will not always be possible, as they discuss. However, in all cases, solution monitoring would provide assurance that the measurement error models are adequate so that one has confidence in his estimate of σ MB . Some of the results in this report were generated using data that were simulated with prototype solution monitoring software that they are developing. An accompanying document describes that software

Siemens IT solutions for power sector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lunter, P.

2004-01-01

The cost reduction, flexibility and revenue increase, potential exploitation, productivity increase, and business opportunities exploitation - that is all what can be required in the races for the promonent positioning on the electricity power market. These requirements can be realized by the sophisticated IT solutions hand-tailored to the special requirements of the electric power producers and tradesmen. This approach makes it possible to achieve greater profit. Our solutions 'PROFIT Solutions', that are symbiosis of the most progressive information technologies and the power plant techniques of the company Siemens, satisfy submitted specifications in substantial measure. The system solutions 'PROFIT Solutions' comprise three solution groups: process, operation a business. The solutions of the group 'IT Process Solutions' increase flexibility and manoeuvrability of equipment, improve the efficiency and contribute to more economical operation of the power generation. Solutions 'IT Process Solutions' simplify and shorten the period of power cycles and conduce to higher labour productivity. Solutions group 'IT Process Solutions' approaches equipment to the market - supports the profit strategies, helps quickly and expertly to determine and predict hazards. The extension PROFIT Cockpit means the nuance to the solutions world 'PROFIT Solutions'. The survey about the whole installation is within reach at the simple touch of a button. It is possible to compile the total system part by part from single solutions 'PROFIT Solutions'. As a matter of fact all single parts can be interconnected with already existing solutions. Routines 'PROFIT Solutions' cooperate with all modern control systems. (author)

Stable solutions of nonlocal electron heat transport equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Prasad, M.K.; Kershaw, D.S.

1991-01-01

Electron heat transport equations with a nonlocal heat flux are in general ill-posed and intrinsically unstable, as proved by the present authors [Phys. Fluids B 1, 2430 (1989)]. A straightforward numerical solution of these equations will therefore lead to absurd results. It is shown here that by imposing a minimal set of constraints on the problem it is possible to arrive at a globally stable, consistent, and energy conserving numerical solution

Classical solutions and extended supergravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

de Alfaro, V.; Fubini, S.; Furlan, G.

1980-03-01

The existence and properties of classical solutions for gravity coupled to matter fields have been investigated previously with the limitation to conformally flat solutions. In the search for a guiding criterion to determine the form of the coupling among the fields, one is led to consider supersymmetric theories, and the question arises whether classical solutions persist in these models. It is found that a discrepancy persists between supergravity and standard meron solutions. Owing to the appearance of the scalar field, a new set of meron solutions exists for particular Lagrangian models. In conclusion, the form of solutions in Minkowski space is discussed

Near-horizon solutions for D3-branes ending on 5-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aharony, Ofer; Berdichevsky, Leon; Berkooz, Micha; Shamir, Itamar

2011-01-01

We construct the type IIB supergravity solutions describing D3-branes ending on 5-branes, in the near-horizon limit of the D3-branes. Our solutions are holographically dual to the four dimensional (4D) N=4 SU(N) supersymmetric-Yang-Mills (SYM) theory on a half line, at large N and large 't Hooft coupling, with various boundary conditions that preserve half of the supersymmetry. The solutions are limiting cases of the general solutions with the same symmetries constructed in 2007 by D'Hoker, Estes and Gutperle. The classification of our solutions matches exactly with the general classification of boundary conditions for D3-branes ending on 5-branes by Gaiotto and Witten. We use the gravity duals to compute the one-point functions of some chiral operators in the N=4 SYM theory on a half line at strong coupling, and we find that they do not match with the expectation values of the same operators with the same boundary conditions at small 't Hooft coupling. Our solutions may also be interpreted as the gravity duals of 4D N=4 SYM on AdS 4 , with various boundary conditions.

A Note on Weak Solutions of Conservation Laws and Energy/Entropy Conservation

Science.gov (United States)

Gwiazda, Piotr; Michálek, Martin; Świerczewska-Gwiazda, Agnieszka

2018-03-01

A common feature of systems of conservation laws of continuum physics is that they are endowed with natural companion laws which are in such cases most often related to the second law of thermodynamics. This observation easily generalizes to any symmetrizable system of conservation laws; they are endowed with nontrivial companion conservation laws, which are immediately satisfied by classical solutions. Not surprisingly, weak solutions may fail to satisfy companion laws, which are then often relaxed from equality to inequality and overtake the role of physical admissibility conditions for weak solutions. We want to answer the question: what is a critical regularity of weak solutions to a general system of conservation laws to satisfy an associated companion law as an equality? An archetypal example of such a result was derived for the incompressible Euler system in the context of Onsager's conjecture in the early nineties. This general result can serve as a simple criterion to numerous systems of mathematical physics to prescribe the regularity of solutions needed for an appropriate companion law to be satisfied.

Generating Solutions to Discrete sine-Gordon Equation from Modified Baecklund Transformation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kou Xin; Zhang Dajun; Shi Ying; Zhao Songlin

2011-01-01

We modify the bilinear Baecklund transformation for the discrete sine-Gordon equation and derive variety, of solutions by freely choosing parameters from the modified Baecklund transformation. Dynamics of solutions and continuum limits are also discussed. (general)

Pitfall in quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical molecular dynamics simulation of small solutes in solution.

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Hao; Liu, Haiyan

2013-05-30

Developments in computing hardware and algorithms have made direct molecular dynamics simulation with the combined quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical methods affordable for small solute molecules in solution, in which much improved accuracy can be obtained via the quantum mechanical treatment of the solute molecule and even sometimes water molecules in the first solvation shell. However, unlike the conventional molecular mechanical simulations of large molecules, e.g., proteins, in solutions, special care must be taken in the technical details of the simulation, including the thermostat of the solute/solvent system, so that the conformational space of the solute molecules can be properly sampled. We show here that the common setup for classical molecular mechanical molecular dynamics simulations, such as the Berendsen or single Nose-Hoover thermostat, and/or rigid water models could lead to pathological sampling of the solutes' conformation. In the extreme example of a methanol molecule in aqueous solution, improper and sluggish setups could generate two peaks in the distribution of the O-H bond length. We discuss the factors responsible for this somewhat unexpected result and evoke a simple and ancient technical fix-up to resolve this problem.

Semianalytical Solutions of Radioactive or Reactive Transport in Variably-Fractured Layered Media: 1. Solutes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

George J. Moridis

2001-01-01

In this paper, semianalytical solutions are developed for the problem of transport of radioactive or reactive solute tracers through a layered system of heterogeneous fractured media with misaligned fractures. The tracer transport equations in the non-flowing matrix account for (a) diffusion, (b) surface diffusion, (c) mass transfer between the mobile and immobile water fractions, (d) linear kinetic or equilibrium physical, chemical, or combined solute sorption or colloid filtration, and (e) radioactive decay or first-order chemical reactions. The tracer-transport equations in the fractures account for the same processes, in addition to advection and hydrodynamic dispersion. Any number of radioactive decay daughter products (or products of a linear, first-order reaction chain) can be tracked. The solutions, which are analytical in the Laplace space, are numerically inverted to provide the solution in time and can accommodate any number of fractured and/or porous layers. The solutions are verified using analytical solutions for limiting cases of solute and colloid transport through fractured and porous media. The effect of important parameters on the transport of 3 H, 237 Np and 239 Pu (and its daughters) is investigated in several test problems involving layered geological systems of varying complexity

Exact solutions for scalar field cosmology in f(R) gravity

Science.gov (United States)

Maharaj, S. D.; Goswami, R.; Chervon, S. V.; Nikolaev, A. V.

2017-09-01

We study scalar field FLRW cosmology in the content of f(R) gravity. Our consideration is restricted to the spatially flat Friedmann universe. We derived the general evolution equations of the model, and showed that the scalar field equation is automatically satisfied for any form of the f(R) function. We also derived representations for kinetic and potential energies, as well as for the acceleration in terms of the Hubble parameter and the form of the f(R) function. Next we found the exact cosmological solutions in modified gravity without specifying the f(R) function. With negligible acceleration of the scalar curvature, we found that the de Sitter inflationary solution is always attained. Also we obtained new solutions with special restrictions on the integration constants. These solutions contain oscillating, accelerating, decelerating and even contracting universes. For further investigation, we selected special cases which can be applied with early or late inflation. We also found exact solutions for the general case for the model with negligible acceleration of the scalar curvature in terms of special Airy functions. Using initial conditions which represent the universe at the present epoch, we determined the constants of integration. This allows for the comparison of the scale factor in the new solutions with that for current stage of the universe evolution in the ΛCDM model.

Solution chemistry and separation of metal ions in leached solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shibata, J.

1991-01-01

The method to presume a dissolved state of metal ions in an aqueous solution and the technology to separate and concentrate metal ions in a leached solution are described in this paper. It is very important for the separation of metal ions to know the dissolved state of metal ions. If we know the composition of an aqueous solution and the stability constants of metal-ligand complexes, we can calculate and estimate the concentration of each species in the solution. Then, we can decide the policy to separate and concentrate metal ions. There are several methods for separation and purification; hydroxide precipitation method, sulfide precipitation method, solvent extraction method and ion exchange resin method. Solvent extraction has been used in purification processes of copper refinery, uranium refinery, platinum metal refinery and rare earth metal refinery. Fundamental process of solvent extraction, a kind of commercial extractants, a way of determining a suitable extractant and an equipment are discussed. Finally, it will be emphasized how the separation of rare earths is improved in solvent extraction. (author) 21 figs., 8 tabs., 8 refs

Periodic solutions to singular second order differential equations: the repulsive case