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Sample records for shih yung shou

  1. Matthew M. Yung | NREL

    Science.gov (United States)

    pertaining to biomass and transformation to fuels and chemicals. As part of the NBC, Yung's projects include vapor phase upgrading Thermochemical Process Integration, Scale-Up, and Piloting Education M.B.A ;Transformation of Sulfur Species During Steam/Air Regeneration on a Ni Biomass Conditioning Catalyst," ACS

  2. Use of Shih in Chinese Operational Art

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-05-26

    These include leaders seeking to manipulate context, build troop morale through context, use an indirect approach, and exploit propensity within a...characteristics help determine whether or not shih was a factor in a given conflict. These include leaders seeking to manipulate context, build troop morale ...U.S. Army War College, 2011), ix-x; William H. Mott and Jae Chang Kim, The Philosophy of Chinese Military Culture: Shih vs. Li (New York, NY: Palgrave

  3. [A review for a traditional Chinese medical journal Shou Shi Yi Bao].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xiao, Mei-Hua; Sun, Wen-Zhong

    2009-06-01

    Shou Shi Yi Bao was a journal of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) during the period from 1935 to 1937, and was originated by Chen Huan-yun, a TCM physician in Suzhou. It is mainly to transmit the knowledge of TCM and to promote the epidemic prevention capacity of local public. The editorial characteristics and historical value of the journal were explored in initial background, staff writers, editorial policies, contents and the Editor Chen's medical ideas. Shou Shi Yi Bao was supported by many famous TCM physicians, although the journal was originated from the civil society. It was an academic TCM journal with perfect practicability for orientating to the public and highlighting the academic spirit. Chen Huan-yun was a resolute defender of TCM, and had many opinions on clinical practice and lots of scientific suggestions on TCM development. Shou Shi Yi Bao reflected the main characteristics of TCM journals in 1930s. The journal was one of the important documents to study the TCM history during the period of the Republic of China in Jiangsu Province, and it also set a stage for the struggle between TCM and Western medicine at that time. The documentary information of the journal has literature and history values in reflecting the historical process of TCM self-improvement. The success of the journal was due to not only the broken-up sectarian bias and cooperation of the TCM practitioners but also the preponderant geographic and cultural circumstances of Suzhou as well as Chen Huan-yun's profound knowledge in traditional Chinese culture and medicine.

  4. Editorial: The LAMOST survey at the Guo Shou Jing Telescope

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bland-Hawthorn, Joss

    2012-01-01

    This special issue is devoted to the LAMOST star/galaxy survey now under way at the Guo Shou Jing Telescope in China. Here I review briefly the LAMOST survey in the context of recent, ongoing and future surveys on the international scene. The primary science goal is to obtain kinematics and abundance information for ten million stars over the Galaxy, far more than all other ground-based surveys combined. This rich trove will provide new insights and understanding about the workings of our Galaxy and its origins.

  5. Identification and comparative quantification of bio-active phthalides in essential oils from si-wu-tang, fo-shou-san, radix angelica and rhizoma chuanxiong.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tang, Yuping; Zhu, Min; Yu, Sheng; Hua, Yongqing; Duan, Jin-Ao; Su, Shulan; Zhang, Xu; Lu, Yin; Ding, Anwei

    2010-01-15

    Phthalides are important bio-active constituents in Si-Wu-Tang and Fo-Shou-San, two commonly used Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) combined prescriptions mainly derived from Radix Angelica and Rhizoma Chuanxiong. In this paper, the contents of eight phthalides, including Z-ligustilide, E-ligustilide, Z-butylenephthalide, E-butylene-phthalide, 3-butylphthalide, neocnidilide and senkyunolide A were determined or estimated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed GC-MS was a simple, rapid, and high sensitive method for analyzing phthalides in Si-Wu-Tang, Fo-Shou-San, Radix Angelica and Rhizoma Chuanxiong, and the extractable contents of each phthalides including Z-ligustilide, E-ligustilide, Z-butylenephthalide, etc. varied after Radix Angelica, Rhizoma Chuanxiong were combined into a formulation, such as Si-Wu-Tang and Fo-Shou-San. Furthermore, inhibition activity of essential oils from Si-Wu-Tang, Fo-Shou-San, Radix Angelica and Rhizoma Chuanxiong on uterine contraction was tested in an in vitro assay, and the results showed that the activity of the essential oil is higher as the content of the phthalides increase, which demonstrated that phthalides are possibly main active components inhibiting mice uterine contraction in vitro. All of the results suggested that comparative analysis of chemical components and pharmacological activities of each herb and formula is possibly helpful to elucidate the active components in traditional Chinese medicine, and to reveal the compatibility mechanism of TCM formulae.

  6. The site conditions of the Guo Shou Jing Telescope

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yao Song; Liu Chao; Zhang Haotong; Deng Licai; Zhang Yueyang; Li Jing; Liu Nian; Zhou Xu; Gao Shuang; Xu Yan; Newberg, Heidi Jo; Carlin, Jeffrey L.; Chen Li; Hou Jinliang; Christlieb Norbert; Han Zhanwen; Lee, Hsu-Tai; Liu Xiaowei; Pan Kaike; Wang Hongchi

    2012-01-01

    The weather at the Xinglong Observing Station, where the Guo Shou Jing Telescope (GSJT) is located, is strongly affected by the monsoon climate in northeast China. The LAMOST survey strategy is constrained by these weather patterns. We present statistics on observing hours from 2004 to 2007, and the sky brightness, seeing, and sky transparency from 1995 to 2011 at the site. We investigate effects of the site conditions on the survey plan. Operable hours each month show a strong correlation with season: on average there are eight operable hours per night available in December, but only one—two hours in July and August. The seeing and the sky transparency also vary with season. Although the seeing is worse in windy winters, and the atmospheric extinction is worse in the spring and summer, the site is adequate for the proposed scientific program of the LAMOST survey. With a Monte Carlo simulation using historical data on the site condition, we find that the available observation hours constrain the survey footprint from 22 h to 16 h in right ascension; the sky brightness allows LAMOST to obtain a limiting magnitude of V = 19.5 mag with S/N=10.

  7. A case of gastrinoma in a Shih-Tzu dog.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fukushima, Ushio; Sato, Miyuki; Okano, Shozo; Aramaki, Yoshitaka; Ito, Hiroshi; Yoshioka, Kazuki; Oyamada, Toshifumi; Uechi, Masami

    2004-03-01

    A five-year-old male Shih-Tzu dog presented with severe vomiting and weight loss. The clinical signs were successfully improved by an eight-day treatment with an H(2)-receptor antagonist, gastrointestinal protectant and antibiotics. Ten days later, however, recurrence of vomiting was seen despite continuous medical treatment. Based on clinical signs and the results of various diagnostic tests including CBC, biochemical analysis, contrast radiography, and endoscopy, a duodenal or pancreatic neoplasm was suspected and exploratory laparotomy was conducted. Some swollen pancreatic regions were found, and biopsy of the pancreas indicated the diagnosis of a gastrin-secreting tumor. Consequently, based on a high serum gastrin level as well as clinical signs and immunohistological findings, we diagnosed the disease as canine gastrinoma, a rare tumor of the pancreas.

  8. Double Intussusception in a Shih-Tzu Puppy: The Triple-Circle Sign

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. M. Kim, S. S. Kang1, G. Kim and S. H. Choi*

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available Intussusception is a common surgical disorder in puppies. Double intussusception (DI however, is an extremely rare form of this pathology. The authors report a case of a 3-month-old, Shih-Tzu puppy referred to Veterinary Medical Center of Chungbuk National University, Korea with symptoms of abdominal discomfort, intermittent vomiting and bloody diarrhea for 5 days. Ultrasonographic examination of the left mid-abdominal region revealed a mass with a ‘triple case’ sign completely different from the classic ‘target sign’. The surgical intervention confirmed it to be an ileocecal DI in ascending colon. The case emphasizes the rare ‘triple case’ sign as a descriptive finding on ultrasonography in DI presentations.

  9. Calming effect of orally administered γ-aminobutyric acid in Shih Tzu dogs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Uetake, Katsuji; Okumoto, Ayano; Tani, Noriko; Goto, Akihiro; Tanaka, Toshio

    2012-12-01

    The calming effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by oral administration were investigated in four adult Shih Tzu dogs. Three dosage levels (1, 2 and 4 mg/kg body weight) and non-administration were tested by an increase and decrease method. Changes in activity (for 1.5 h) and urinary cortisol levels (pre-administration, 3 and 7 h later) of dogs were monitored after administration. Without reference to dosage level, the mean times spent standing (P = 0.06), sitting (P level was observed at 7 h after administration (P GABA exerts calming effects on dogs as well as humans. © 2012 The Authors. Animal Science Journal © 2012 Japanese Society of Animal Science.

  10. Factors Associated with Fear of Falling among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the Shih-Pai Study in Taiwan

    OpenAIRE

    Chang, Hsiao-Ting; Chen, Hsi-Chung; Chou, Pesus

    2016-01-01

    Background Fear of falling is an important risk indicator for adverse health related outcomes in older adults. However, factors associated with fear of falling among community-dwelling older adults are not well-explored. Objectives To explore the quality of life and associated factors in fear of falling among older people in the Shih-Pai area in Taiwan. Methods This community-based survey recruited three thousand eight hundred and twenty-four older adults aged ? 65 years. The measurements inc...

  11. Information from Yüan Shih on the Military Cooperation between the Golden Horde and the Yüan Dynasty.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zhu-Cheng Zhao.

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Research objective: to reveal relations in military affairs between the Golden Horde and the Yüan Dynasty on the basis of the data of the Chinese dynastic history Yüan shih. Research materials: because of the large distance between these medieval Chinggisid powers, internecine strife between the houses of the Jochids and Toluids, armed conflicts between Arik-Boke and Kublai and due to the fact that the rulers of the Jochid ulus supported Arik-Boke, their state became independent from the Great Mongol Empire. Later on, long-term military conflicts and political turmoil interrupted communication between Sarai and Khanbalik. The Jochid ulus and the Yuan dynasty conducted their own foreign policies. However, communication between them was not interrupted and some information from the Golden Horde still fall in Chinese chronicles. One of the important and fundamental sources relating to the Mongol history is Yüan shih (History of the Yüan Dynasty. This written source contains some materials (although in fragments revealing the nature of the relations between the Yuan Dynasty and the Golden Horde. Research results and novelty: the author has provided information that the military units composed of the peoples of the Golden Horde (primarily of the Ases and Kipchaks, as well as of the Russians were among the troops in the Yüan Empire. At the same time, their proportion was significant both in the composition of commanding staff, as well as among ordinary soldiers. However, the source does not contain any information about the conditions under which these warriors arrived in China as well as about the routes they were moving. It is indisputable fact that they were sent to the Far East from the Jochid ulus during the highest power of this state in the reign of khan Uzbek. Perhaps it was an indication that the Yüan emperor displayed his authority over Sarai Khan in the political sense as well.

  12. Innovate the Teaching of Taiwaness History: An Application of Multimedia Distance Learning—A Web-site Construction Sample of Shih Hsin University

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Shaw-Fong Lee

    2004-03-01

    Full Text Available Traditionally, the teaching of history course mostly utilizes face to face instruction and oral presentation. Along with the development of educational technology, the teaching methods could be more various such as using internet and multimedia. Literature reviews also indicate that using internet and multimedia may improve the effect of learning and teaching. This paper explores the development of a web-based instructional system for the course of Taiwanese History at Shih Hsin University.The result and the product of this development project is the web site, http://distance.shu.edu.tw/taiwan/list.htm. The content of the web-site includes instructional materials such as animations, videos, pictures, texts, historical maps, and so on. The developmental methods used in this project use curriculum design, survey, interview, review of literatures and focus group discussion.[Article content in Chinese

  13. A Case Study of Synchronous Distance Learning Between Shih Chien University and Beijing Foreign Studies University

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yen-Fen Lo

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Shih Chien University and Beijing Foreign Studies University collaboratively launched a project to offer synchronous distance learning courses on "Case Studies of Taiwanese Entrepreneurs" since February 2012. The three objectives of this study are: (1 to explore the Cross-Strait students' motives for selecting the course; (2 to examine the students' accommodation condition before and after completing the course; (3 to discuss the student's level of satisfaction of the course. This study uses qualitative data from case study interviews conducted in the second year of the project based on the research focus of the Cross-Strait students' motivation and satisfaction of the course. The research analysis tools are content analysis and theory triangulation. The findings are: (1 Cross-Strait students are motivated by their curiosity about the course, interest in the contents, and willingness to experience the novelty of distance learning to select the course; (2 the results of Cross-Strait students' accommodation condition are correlated to their interactions with the professor, the familiarity with the materials, the quality of the communication equipment, and the clarity of the images; (3 Cross-Strait students all accept the method of synchronous distance learning; (4 the quality of communication equipment has the lowest level of satisfaction.

  14. Correlates of self-report chronic insomnia disorders with 1-6 month and 6-month durations in home-dwelling urban older adults - the Shih-Pai Sleep Study in Taiwan: a cross-sectional community study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chiou, Jing-Hui; Chen, Hsi-Chung; Chen, Kuang-Hung; Chou, Pesus

    2016-06-03

    To examine the correlates of insomnia disorder with different durations in home-dwelling older adults. A cross-sectional survey in the Shih-Pai area of Taipei City, Taiwan (The Shih-Pai Sleep Study). A total 4047 subjects over the age of 65 years completed the study (2259 men and 1788 women). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the duration of insomnia symptoms were used to identify DSM-IV 1-6 month and 6-month insomnia disorders. The prevalence of DSM-IV defined insomnia disorder was 5.8 %; two-thirds of these case lasted for ≥6 months. The shared correlates for both 1-6 and 6-month insomnia disorders were gender (women), depression and moderate pain. Pulmonary diseases were exclusively associated with 1-6 month insomnia disorder (OR: 2.57, 95 % CI: 1.46-4.52). In contrast, heart disease (OR: 1.73, 95 % CI: 1.21-2.49) and severe pain (OR: 2.34, 95 % CI: 1.14-4.40) were associated with 6-month insomnia disorder. The prevalence of persistent insomnia disorder is higher than short-term insomnia disorder. Correlates for less persistent and more persistent insomnia disorder appears to be partially different. Duration quantifiers may be important in the identification of the etiology of insomnia and further studies with follow-ups are needed to examine the order of developing insomnia disorder and associated conditions.

  15. 76 FR 16379 - Certain Steel Nails From the People's Republic of China: Final Results of the First Antidumping...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-03-23

    ...: Itochu Building Products Co., Inc.; Chiieh Yung Metal Ind. Corp. (``Chiieh Yung''); Certified Products..., ``Itochu et al.''); Shanghai Tengyu Hardware Tools Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Curvet Hardware Products Co. Ltd...

  16. Characterization of icebergs and floating sea ice in the Yung Sund fjord in Greenland from satellite radar and optical images.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guillaso, Stephane; Gay, Michel; Gervaise, Cedric

    2017-04-01

    At the Zackenberg site, sea ice starts to move between June and September resulting in icebergs flowing freely on the sea. Splitting into smaller parts, they reduce in size. Icebergs represent a risk for maritime transport and needs to be studied. In order to determine iceberg density per surface unit, size distribution, and movement of icebergs, we need to observe, detect, range and track them. The use of SAR images is particularly well adapted in regions where cloud cover is very present. We focused our study on the Yung Sund fjord in Greenland, where lots of icebergs and sea ice are generated during the summer. In the beginning of July, sea ice breaks up first, followed by icebergs created by the different glaciers based in the ocean. During our investigation, we noticed that the iceberg and sea ice were drifting very fast and thus, we needed to adapt our methodology. To achieve our goal, we collected all remote sensing data available in the region, principally Sentinel 1/2 and LandSAT 8 during one ice free season (from July 1st 2016 to September 30th, 2016). We developed an original approach in order to detect, characterize and track icebergs and sea ice independently from data. The iceberg detection was made using a watershed technique. The advantage of this technique is that it can be applied to both optical and radar images. For the latter, calibrated intensity is transformed into an image using a scaling function, in order to make ice brighter. Land data is masked using a topographic map. When data is segmented, a statistical test derived from the CFAR approach is performed to isolate an iceberg and floating sea ice from the ocean. Finally, a method, such SIFT or BRISK is used to identify and track the different segmented object. These approaches give a representation of the object and make the tracking easier and independent of the scale and rotation, which can occur because icebergs are dependent on ocean currents and wind. Finally, to fill in the gap

  17. Factors Associated with Fear of Falling among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the Shih-Pai Study in Taiwan.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hsiao-Ting Chang

    Full Text Available Fear of falling is an important risk indicator for adverse health related outcomes in older adults. However, factors associated with fear of falling among community-dwelling older adults are not well-explored.To explore the quality of life and associated factors in fear of falling among older people in the Shih-Pai area in Taiwan.This community-based survey recruited three thousand eight hundred and twenty-four older adults aged ≥ 65 years. The measurements included a structured questionnaire, including quality of life by using Short-Form 36, and information of fear of falling, fall history, demographics, medical conditions, insomnia, sleep quality, depression and subjective health through face-to-face interviews.A total of 53.4% of participants reported a fear of falling. The rate of fear of falling was higher in female subjects. Subjects with fear of falling had lower Short Form-36 scores both for men and women. Falls in the previous year, older age, insomnia, depression and worse subjective health were correlates of fear of falling for both sexes. Male-specific associations with fear of falling were the accessibility of medical help in an emergency, diabetes mellitus and stroke. In parallel, cardiovascular diseases were a female-specific correlate for fear of falling.Fear of falling is prevalent among community-dwelling older adults. It is seems that there are gender differences in fear of falling with respect to the prevalence and associated factors in older adults. Gender differences should be considered when planning prevention and intervention strategies for fear of falling among older people.

  18. Gender Difference in the Interaction Effects of Diabetes and Hypertension on Stroke among the Elderly in the Shih-Pai Study, Taiwan.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yun-Ju Lai

    Full Text Available To investigate the interaction effects of diabetes and hypertension on stroke, and also investigate the independent and interaction effects of parental history and environmental factors on diabetes and hypertension in a cross-sectional elderly population.The Shih-Pai Community Medical Service Program was a community-based, fixed cohort study conducted between June 1999 and November 2002. Socio-demographic and clinical data of subjects aged 65 years and older were collected by well-trained interviewers during home visits. Interaction effects were analyzed using Rothman's synergy index (SI.In total, 4,124 subjects were included in the study, with 2,284 males and 1,840 females. The synergistic interaction of diabetes and hypertension on stroke was statistically significant in women (SI = 3.16, 95% CI: 1.35-7.39. The synergistic interaction of parental diabetes and being overweight on diabetes was only statistically significant in men, and not in women (SI = 3.30, 95% CI: 1.00-10.83 in men, and SI = 1.15, 95% CI: 0.30-4.39 in women.A synergistic interaction was found for diabetes and hypertension in both sexes when parental history and being overweight were combined. Furthermore, combining diabetes and hypertension in elderly women was significant in terms of the risk of stroke. Strategies to control risk factors in individuals at additional high risk are urgently needed.

  19. Sadhana | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Home; Journals; Sadhana. MING-HSIANG SHIH. Articles written in Sadhana. Volume 33 Issue 6 December 2008 pp 767-779. Development of digital image correlation method to analyse crack variations of masonry wall · Shih-Heng Tung Ming-Hsiang Shih Wen-Pei Sung · More Details Abstract Fulltext PDF. The detection ...

  20. Sadhana | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Home; Journals; Sadhana. SHIH-HENG TUNG. Articles written in Sadhana. Volume 33 Issue 6 December 2008 pp 767-779. Development of digital image correlation method to analyse crack variations of masonry wall · Shih-Heng Tung Ming-Hsiang Shih Wen-Pei Sung · More Details Abstract Fulltext PDF. The detection of ...

  1. Sadhana | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Home; Journals; Sadhana. Ming-Hsiang Shih. Articles written in Sadhana. Volume 33 Issue 6 December 2008 pp 767-779. Development of digital image correlation method to analyse crack variations of masonry wall · Shih-Heng Tung Ming-Hsiang Shih Wen-Pei Sung · More Details Abstract Fulltext PDF. The detection of ...

  2. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - Vol 15, No 3 (2016)

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Wan Wu, Wei Chen, Qiong Jin, 447-451 ... Chung-Shih Chen, Mei-Lin Wang, Rosa Huang Liu, Shih-Pin Chen, Tsong-Ming Lu, Wei-Yu Tsai, Chien-Fu Huang, ... Yan-Qiong Li, Rui Hu, Li-Hui Zhong, Qian Sun, You-Ping Yan, 527-533.

  3. Dynamic Optically Multiplexed Imaging

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-07-29

    Dynamic Optically Multiplexed Imaging Yaron Rachlin, Vinay Shah, R. Hamilton Shepard, and Tina Shih Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of...V. Shah, and T. Shih “Design Architectures for Optically Multiplexed Imaging,” in submission 9 R. Gupta , P. Indyk, E. Price, and Y. Rachlin

  4. Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    2016-01-27

    Jan 27, 2016 ... Keywords. Blazars; spectral energy distributions; gamma-ray emission; radio emission; host galaxies; blazar demographics; redshifts; polarization; Yung Wing; optical emissions; emission mechanism; black holes.

  5. Enhancement of tendon–bone healing via the combination of biodegradable collagen-loaded nanofibrous membranes and a three-dimensional printed bone-anchoring bolt

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chou YC

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Ying-Chao Chou,1,2 Wen-Lin Yeh,2 Chien-Lin Chao,1 Yung-Heng Hsu,1,2 Yi-Hsun Yu,1,2 Jan-Kan Chen,3 Shih-Jung Liu1,2 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 3Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan Abstract: A composite biodegradable polymeric model was developed to enhance tendon graft healing. This model included a biodegradable polylactide (PLA bolt as the bone anchor and a poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA nanofibrous membrane embedded with collagen as a biomimic patch to promote tendon–bone interface integration. Degradation rate and compressive strength of the PLA bolt were measured after immersion in a buffer solution for 3 months. In vitro biochemical characteristics and the nanofibrous matrix were assessed using a water contact angle analyzer, pH meter, and tetrazolium reduction assay. In vivo efficacies of PLGA/collagen nanofibers and PLA bolts for tendon–bone healing were investigated on a rabbit bone tunnel model with histological and tendon pullout tests. The PLGA/collagen-blended nanofibrous membrane was a hydrophilic, stable, and biocompatible scaffold. The PLA bolt was durable for tendon–bone anchoring. Histology showed adequate biocompatibility of the PLA bolt on a medial cortex with progressive bone ingrowth and without tissue overreaction. PLGA nanofibers within the bone tunnel also decreased the tunnel enlargement phenomenon and enhanced tendon–bone integration. Composite polymers of the PLA bolt and PLGA/collagen nanofibrous membrane can effectively promote outcomes of tendon reconstruction in a rabbit model. The composite biodegradable polymeric system may be useful in humans for tendon reconstruction. Keywords: polylactide–polyglycolide nanofibers, PLGA, collagen, 3D printing, polylactide, PLA, bone-anchoring bolts, tendon healing

  6. Biodegradable drug-eluting nanofiber-enveloped implants for sustained release of high bactericidal concentrations of vancomycin and ceftazidime: in vitro and in vivo studies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hsu YH

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Yung-Heng Hsu,1,2 Dave Wei-Chih Chen,1 Chun-Der Tai,3 Ying-Chao Chou,1,2 Shih-Jung Liu,2 Steve Wen-Neng Ueng,1 Err-Cheng Chan4 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan Township, 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Guishan Township, 3Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics, Chang Gung University, Guishan Township, 4School of Medical Technology, Chang Gung University, Guishan Township, Taiwan Abstract: We developed biodegradable drug-eluting nanofiber-enveloped implants that provided sustained release of vancomycin and ceftazidime. To prepare the biodegradable nanofibrous membranes, poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide and the antibiotics were first dissolved in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol. They were electrospun into biodegradable drug-eluting membranes, which were then enveloped on the surface of stainless plates. An elution method and a high-performance liquid chromatography assay were employed to characterize the in vivo and in vitro release rates of the antibiotics from the nanofiber-enveloped plates. The results showed that the biodegradable nanofiber-enveloped plates released high concentrations of vancomycin and ceftazidime (well above the minimum inhibitory concentration for more than 3 and 8 weeks in vitro and in vivo, respectively. A bacterial inhibition test was carried out to determine the relative activity of the released antibiotics. The bioactivity ranged from 25% to 100%. In addition, the serum creatinine level remained within the normal range, suggesting that the high vancomycin concentration did not affect renal function. By adopting the electrospinning technique, we will be able to manufacture biodegradable drug-eluting implants for the long-term drug delivery of different antibiotics. Keywords: biodegradable nanofiber-enveloped plates, electrospinning, antibiotics, release characteristics

  7. Sadhana | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Home; Journals; Sadhana. M-H Shih. Articles written in Sadhana. Volume 34 Issue 3 June 2009 pp 421-437. A model for signal processing and predictive control of semi-active structural control system · M-H Shih W-P Sung Ching-Jong Wang · More Details Abstract Fulltext PDF. The theory for structural control has been ...

  8. Examining trends in general fecal indicator bacteria and microbial source tracking genetic markers at non-point source impacted Chicago beaches

    Science.gov (United States)

    In the Chicago area, treated wastewater and storm water flow through the engineered Chicago River system to the Mississippi River, with the goal to protect Lake Michigan from urban discharges. Therefore, under dry weather conditions, nearby Lake Michigan recreational beaches shou...

  9. IPDO-2007: Inverse Problems, Design and Optimization Symposium

    Science.gov (United States)

    2007-08-01

    Grebenniko v J. Luna Tomas Perez Manuel Enriquez 025 Alexande r Grebenniko v 026 Tsung- Chien Chen Shou- Jen Hsu Pan-Chio Tuan 028...Dulikravich 086 Helmut Sobieczky Monika Hannemann 087 Anssi Lehikoinen Arto Voutilainen Jari Kaipio Stefan Finsterle Mike Kowalsky 088

  10. Authors' reply to Discussion by E. Siebrits and S. L. Crouch regarding the paper "A two-dimensional linear variation displacement discontinuity method for three-layered elastic media", International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 6, pp. 719-729, 1999

    CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

    Shou, KJ

    2000-07-01

    Full Text Available 1365-1609(00 )00019 -8 www.elsevier.com/locate/ijrmms * Corresponding author. E-mail address: kjshou@dragon.nchu.edu.tw (K-J. Shou). still to be published in their references [3] and [4]. Much more importantly, Siebrits and Crouch make...

  11. Kalendar nedeli / Leta Gureli

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Gureli, Leta

    1996-01-01

    Iz soderzh.: 26 ijulja 155 let so dnja rozhdenija Karla Roberta Jakobsona; 27 ijulja 1856 rodilsja Dzhordzh Bernard Shou; 27 ijulja 135 let nazad rodilsja Vazha Pshavela; 27 ijulja 155 let nazad pogib Mihail Lermontov; 27 ijulja 100 let so dnja rozhdenija Borisa Shergina

  12. Early urban and colonized regions of central and south Italy : A case study in comparative landscape archaeology

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Attema, P; Darvill, T; Gojda, M

    2001-01-01

    Systematic field surveys and topographical research undertaken to date in various Italian regions south of Rome shou, that responses to early urbanization in central and south Italy, and the interplay of early urbanization with Greek and Roman colonization, differed widely between regions. In this

  13. A Comparative Study on Cooperative Learning in Multimedia and Network Environment Used by English Majors between China Mainland and Taiwan

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xue, Gong; Lingling, Liu

    2018-01-01

    This paper first based on the theory of cooperative learning research. It analyses the characteristics and advantages of cooperative learning under the multimedia network environment. And then take China Three Gorges University and Taiwan I-Shou University English major students for example, using questionnaires and interviews to investigate the…

  14. Lattice klepto : turning post-quantum crypto against itself

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kwant, R.; Lange, T.; Thissen, K.

    2017-01-01

    This paper studies ways to backdoor lattice-based systems following Young and Yung's work on backdooring RSA and discrete-log based systems. For the NTRU encryption scheme we show how to build a backdoor and to change the system so that each ciphertext leaks information about the plaintext to the

  15. Promoting increased Chlorella sorokiniana Shih. et Krauss ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Prof. Nweze

    2014-12-31

    Dec 31, 2014 ... Also, the extract obtained from the leaves of Moringa in 80% ethanol contains growth enhancing principles for higher plants. (Makkar and Becker, 1996). In view of the fact that. Chlorella biomass is much sought after for use as health food supplement and for biofuels among other uses, enhanced production ...

  16. Journal of Biosciences | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Home; Journals; Journal of Biosciences. Hsinyu Lee. Articles written in Journal of Biosciences. Volume 37 Issue 1 March 2012 pp 157-165 Review. Autophagy: A double-edged sword in Alzheimer's disease · Ying-Tsen Tung Bo-Jeng Wang Ming-Kuan Hu Wen-Ming Hsu Hsinyu Lee Wei-Pang Huang Yung-Feng Liao.

  17. Strategic environmental assessment for policies: an instrument for good governance

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    World Bank; Ahmed, Kulsum; Sánchez Triana, Ernesto

    2008-01-01

    ... , The Netherlands Commission for Environmental Assessment “This book suggests how an institutional lens can be applied systematically to improve public policy design and implementation and sectoral governance both from supply and demand perspectives. Environmental and natural resources policies are the focus of the book, but the lessons are much broader and shou...

  18. Gas fuels Taiwan's expansion plans

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hayes, David

    2000-01-01

    The volume of liquid natural gas (LNG) imported into Taiwan is expected to double over the next ten years as the use of natural gas for power generation increases significantly. The Chinese Petroleum Corporation (CPC) expects to import 4.5 million tonnes of LNG in 2000 compared with 4 million tonnes in 1999. CPC is building an undersea, offshore pipeline from the Yung An LNG terminal in the south of Taiwan up the western coastline to the north. The pipeline will supply gas to power stations in the north and city gas companies in Taipei. Combined cycle power plant units at Tungshiao power station are converting to gas and a new power plant at Changsheng will burn LNG. More LNG power plants are planned. LNG is imported from Indonesia and Malaysia to supplement Taiwan's dwindling reserves of natural gas. As well as expanding the existing terminal at Yung An, the CPC is considering the need for a second import terminal. This would probably be financed and operated by the private sector

  19. Diseases of the bronchi

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lindenbraten, L.D.; Vinner, M.G.

    1983-01-01

    Roentgenologic semiotics of acute and chronic bronchites has been presented. It is shown, that in the combined daignosis of bronchi diseases roentgenograp hy and roentgenoscopy of lungs, roentgenofunctional tests and bronchography shou ld be used. For the diagnosis of broncholithiases, retention cysts and foreign bodies in bronchi the tomography, bronchography and bronchoscopy are used

  20. Indirect Rise of Power: China’s Economic and Military Growth and its Changing Relationship with the United States

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-05-01

    ethanol engines over stalks of corn makes one unique and more appealing to the markets.xxix The clear indicators of China’s skilled exports are...1 - AT Yung Gang (ocean going tug) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - AT Gromovoy (ocean going tug) (Soviet) 16 16 16 17 17 17 - - - AT Roslavl (ocean going tug

  1. 永樂大典數位化相關問題之探討：兼論資訊科技對古籍整理的影響 | Exploration of the Relating Problems in Digitization of Yung Lo Encyclopaedia：the Impact of Information Technology to the Chinese Ancient Books

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    顧力仁 Li-Jen Ku

    2002-04-01

    ="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;" lang="EN-US"> Yung Lo Encyclopaedia is a collection all classical, historical, philosophical, and literary works that ever published; covering subjects like astronomy, geography, sciences, medicine, Buddhism, Taoism, and arts. It was mainly compilation of extracts that includes many complete works which had been lost for years.

    This paper explores the relating problems in digitization of Yung Lo Encyclopaedia. The author first introduces several database systems of the Chinese ancient books for example to discuss the impact of information technology to the Chinese ancient books. Then he analyzes the encountered in this process. In conclusion, possible future developments and benefits in digitization of Yung Lo Encyclopaedia are to be discussed further. problems

  2. Pro-lipogenic Action of Lysophosphatidic Acid in Ovarian Cancer

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-04-01

    Function. IUBMB Life. 2008. 60: 347-354. 11. Tse C, Shoemaker AR, Adickes J, Anderson MG, Chen J, Jin S, Johnson EF, Marsh KC , Mitten MJ, Nimmer P...Ann. Oncol. 9, 437–442 14. Choi, J. W., Herr, D. R., Noguchi, K., Yung, Y. C., Lee, C. W., Mutoh, T., Lin, M. E., Teo , S. T., Park, K. E., Mosley, A

  3. ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY REQUIREMENT AND IMPORTANCE FOR TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN TURKEY

    OpenAIRE

    Erdil, Mehtap; Erdil, Aysenur

    2017-01-01

    Today’scompetitory disposition of business obligates companies to implement anextensive business quality control system that highlights sustainableimprovement of quality and productivity. In every sector, it is significant tosupport  industries, meet the qualityrequirement of current’s market by providing and improving the quality contolpolicy. Management development of work structures and frameworks should beinvolved in quality oriented production and quality control strategy. Thistopic shou...

  4. The γ-gliadin-like γ-prolamin genes in the tribe Triticeae

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Supplementary data: The γ-gliadin-like γ-prolamin genes in the tribe Triticeae. Peng-Fei Qi, Cheng-Xing Le, Zhao Wang, Yu-Bin Liu, Qing Chen, Zhen-Zhen Wei, Bin-Jie Xu, Zheng-Yuan Wei,. Shou-Fen Dai, Yu-Ming Wei and You-Liang Zheng. J. Genet. 93, 35–41. Table 1. The γ-prolamin genes of diploid Triticeae species.

  5. Analysis of Popper's Experiment and Its Realization

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qureshi, T.

    2012-04-01

    An experiment proposed by Karl Popper to test the standard interpretation of quantum mechanics was realized by Kim and Shih. We use a quantum mechanical calculation to analyze Popper's proposal, and find a surprising result for the location of the virtual slit. We also analyze Kim and Shih's experiment, and demonstrate that although it ingeniously overcomes the problem of temporal spreading of the wave-packet, it is inconclusive about Popper's test. We point out that another experiment which (unknowingly) implements Popper's test in a conclusive way, has actually been carried out. Its results are in contradiction with Popper's prediction, and agree with our analysis.

  6. Etica empresarial, responsabilidad social y bienes comunicativos

    OpenAIRE

    Calvo Cabezas, Patrici

    2014-01-01

    Since its beginnings, the conceptualisation of social responsibility has taken many forms, some of them related to philanthropy, patronage, strategy or business marketing among others. This paper defends the thesis that economic organization needs to manage those communicative goods, such as trust, reputation or reciprocity, evolved in the right development of their business activity and, therefore, on economic profit maximization. But for this, economic organization shou...

  7. Neonatal Nursing

    OpenAIRE

    Crawford, Doreen; Morris, Maryke

    1994-01-01

    "Neonatal Nursing" offers a systematic approach to the nursing care of the sick newborn baby. Nursing actions and responsibilities are the focus of the text with relevant research findings, clinical applications, anatomy, physiology and pathology provided where necessary. This comprehensive text covers all areas of neonatal nursing including ethics, continuing care in the community, intranatal care, statistics and pharmokinetics so that holistic care of the infant is described. This book shou...

  8. Steel Sea-Going Ship Construction Standards (Kang-chih Hai-ch’uan Chien-tsao Kuei-fan).

    Science.gov (United States)

    1978-03-06

    decozh lessthn5, ehto-aerolnabeth deck may be 2.-,;e he deo)th. (2) Flushing T.o.sts s.o Ad binocrae -’tth fdlowin re: (1)Mei*htfro td te~in: sot o...dieter d z , 4bD -53 m, it shou!d not be exceeding 1.5 :mm; -,,ihen chain diameter d,: 57 :-.n, it should not exceed 2 . Th. welded chains and links and

  9. The Benefits of Completing Homework for Students with Different Aptitudes in an Introductory Electricity and Magnetism Course

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-02-17

    number of students into pursuing science and technology careers, it is important for physics educators to know how beneficial their pedagogical tools...essentially no effect on total exam scores. We assign homework because we expect there is a causative relationship between homework and learning. The...correlations in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 suggest that this anticipated causative relationship shou ld be reevaluated for major segments of our student

  10. Supersymmetry Breaking, Gauge Mediation, and the LHC

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shih, David

    2015-01-01

    Gauge mediated SUSY breaking (GMSB) is a promising class of supersymmetric models that automatically satisfies the precision constraints. Prior work of Meade, Seiberg and Shih in 2008 established the full, model-independent parameter space of GMSB, which they called 'General Gauge Mediation' (GGM). During the first half of 2010-2015, Shih and his collaborators thoroughly explored the parameter space of GGM and established many well-motivated benchmark models for use by the experimentalists at the LHC. Through their work, the current constraints on GGM from LEP, the Tevatron and the LHC were fully elucidated, together with the possible collider signatures of GMSB at the LHC. This ensured that the full discovery potential for GGM could be completely realized at the LHC.

  11. The relationship between pregnancy, preterm and premature delivery

    OpenAIRE

    Soleymani-e- Shayesteh Y; Kamali-Nia Z

    2002-01-01

    During pregnancy, different froms of periodontal disease such as pregnancy gingivitis, pregnancy tumors, pregnancy stomatitis, may be encountered. But the most considerable point is the pregnant women's infection with periodontal disease and its effect on delivery and weight of newborn infants. Based on the latest researches and statistics, it is concluded that periodontal disease is an important risk factor, leading to preterm or premature delivery. On the other hand, poor hygiene, shou...

  12. Security and computer forensics in web engineering education

    OpenAIRE

    Glisson, W.; Welland, R.; Glisson, L.M.

    2010-01-01

    The integration of security and forensics into Web Engineering curricula is imperative! Poor security in web-based applications is continuing to cost organizations millions and the losses are still increasing annually. Security is frequently taught as a stand-alone course, assuming that security can be 'bolted on' to a web application at some point. Security issues must be integrated into Web Engineering processes right from the beginning to create secure solutions and therefore security shou...

  13. 行政改革と社会教育施設 : 指定管理者制度導入後の評価の指標をめぐって

    OpenAIRE

    小池, 茂子

    2008-01-01

    The purpose of this paper is to try to find indices to evaluate activities in social educational facilities after the introduction of the legislated manager’s system in Japan. First, I introduce the trend toward administrative reform of social educational facilities. Second, I refer to problems concerning social educational facilities after introduction of the legislated manager’s system. One of the difficulties here is how to evaluate activities in social educational facilities and what shou...

  14. Resolving conflicts within organization

    OpenAIRE

    Augulytė, Rūta

    2016-01-01

    Interaction between individuals, whether it would be with colleagues, business partners or supervisors, is inevitable in every organisation. Collaborative work and aim for common goals encourages idea, experience and insight exchange. From time to time differences in opinions might arise, which result in value- related or intellectual clash, also known as a conflict. Therefore, it is paramount to know how to manage conflicts. In order to successfully overcome the conflicts, organisations shou...

  15. Influence of gravity compensation on kinematics and muscle activation patterns during reach and retrieval in subjects with cervical spinal cord injury: An explorative study

    OpenAIRE

    Marieke G . M. Kloosterman, PT, MSc; Govert J. Snoek, MD, PhD; Mirjam Kouwenhoven, MD; Anand V. Nene, MD, PhD; Michiel J. A. Jannink, PhD

    2010-01-01

    Many interventions in upper-limb rehabilitation after cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) use arm support (gravity compensation); however, its specific effects on kinematics and muscle activation characteristics in subjects with a CSCI are largely unknown. We conducted a cross-sectional explorative study to study these effects. Nine subjects with a CSCI performed two goal-directed arm movements (maximal reach, reach and retrieval) with and without gravity compensation. Angles at elbow and shou...

  16. Lipid Membrane Encapsulation of a 3D DNA Nano Octahedron.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Perrault, Steven D; Shih, William M

    2017-01-01

    Structural DNA nanotechnology methods such as DNA origami allow for the synthesis of highly precise nanometer-scale materials (Rothemund, Nature 440:297-302, 2006; Douglas et al., Nature 459:414-418, 2009). These offer compelling advantages for biomedical applications. Such materials can suffer from structural instability in biological environments due to denaturation and nuclease digestion (Hahn et al., ACS Nano 2014; Perrault and Shih, ACS Nano 8:5132-5140, 2014). Encapsulation of DNA nanostructures in a lipid membrane compartmentalizes them from their environment and prevents denaturation and nuclease digestion (Perrault and Shih, ACS Nano 8:5132-5140, 2014). Here, we describe the encapsulation of a 50 nm DNA nanostructure having the geometry of a wireframe octahedron in a phospholipid membrane containing poly-(ethylene glycol), resulting in biocompatible DNA nanostructures.

  17. Unedited Version

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    5

    Patient with Familial Norrie Disease: Bilateral Blindness and Leucocoria ..... Lin RC, Shih JC (2013) Monoamine oxidase A and A/B knockout mice display autistic-like ... spectrum in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy and Norrie disease with ...

  18. A Record Book of Open Heart Surgical Cases between 1959 and 1982, Hand-Written by a Cardiac Surgeon.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Won-Gon

    2016-08-01

    A book of brief records of open heart surgery underwent between 1959 and 1982 at Seoul National University Hospital was recently found. The book was hand-written by the late professor and cardiac surgeon Yung Kyoon Lee (1921-1994). This book contains valuable information about cardiac patients and surgery at the early stages of the establishment of open heart surgery in Korea, and at Seoul National University Hospital. This report is intended to analyze the content of the book.

  19. Lucky Motifs in Chinese Folk Art: Interpreting Paper-cut from Chinese Shaanxi

    OpenAIRE

    Xuxiao WANG

    2013-01-01

    Paper-cut is not simply a form of traditional Chinese folk art. Lucky motifs developed in paper-cut certainly acquired profound cultural connotations. As paper-cut is a time-honoured skill across the nation, interpreting those motifs requires cultural receptiveness and anthropological sensitivity. The author of this article analyzes examples of paper-cut from Northern Shaanxi, China, to identify the cohesive motifs and explore the auspiciousness of the specific concepts of Fu, Lu, Shou, Xi. T...

  20. Fueling the Gig Economy: A Case Study Evaluation of Upwork.com

    OpenAIRE

    Daryl D. Green; Craig Walker; Abdulrahman Alabulththim; Daniel Smith; Michele Phillips

    2018-01-01

    With recent downsizing of talented professionals and the power of globalization to provide opportunities for more underdeveloped countries, the gig economy is a source of influence in today’s generation of professionals. Online outsourcing media have shown to be valuable resources for companies who need a specific set of skills for a limited period. This case study evaluates Upwork.com, one of the leading freelance websites in the gig economy; this article provides insights on how others shou...

  1. Motivation of workers in a particular company

    OpenAIRE

    ŽÁKOVÁ, Lenka

    2016-01-01

    The aim of this work is to analyse the current system of motivation of employees in the chosen company following suggestions of changes and recommendations for improving management in this area. The theoretical part contents basic ideas of motivation and employee benefits. The practical part is based on an analysis of the company. The purpose of changes should be a more sophisticated and long-term motivation of employees. Proposals for better solutions in the field of employee motivation shou...

  2. December 2016

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    FOBUR

    subsequently received a single dose of intravenous tenectaplase and was .... Oral vitamin K antagonists such as warfarin have remained the .... embolism in a cancer patient with ... Shih WJ, Robinson MC, Huber C, Pulmano. C. Tc-99m MAA ...

  3. The Impact of Royalty Contract Revision in a Multistage Strategic R&D Alliance

    OpenAIRE

    Wenqiang Xiao; Yi Xu

    2012-01-01

    This paper investigates the impact of royalty revision on incentives and profits in a two-stage (research and development (R&D) stage and marketing stage) alliance with a marketer and an innovator. The marketer offers royalty contracts to the innovator. We find that the potential for royalty revision leads to more severe distortions in the optimal initial royalty contracts offered by the marketer. We show that if the innovator plays a significant role in the marketing stage, the marketer shou...

  4. Komparace zemědělské politiky EU a USA v letech 1996-2013

    OpenAIRE

    Blažka, Jan

    2015-01-01

    This bachelor thesis compares argicultural policies of the European union and the United states with focus on diffrent approaches in GMO issues also I take in mind prepared trade agreement TTIP. In first part I describe various opinions on GMO benefits of TTIP and development of agricultural policies in the past. In second part I research GMO doesnt effect consumption of pesticides. Moreover I find out average yield from hectre of corn and cotton has positive correlation coefficient. GMO shou...

  5. Canine urolithiasis: A look at over 16 000 urolith submissions to the Canadian Veterinary Urolith Centre from February 1998 to April 2003

    Science.gov (United States)

    2004-01-01

    Abstract The purpose of this study was to report on the age, sex, breed, and mineral composition of 16 647 canine bladder uroliths submitted to the Canadian Veterinary Urolith Centre between February 1998 and April 2003. Each urolith submission was accompanied by a questionnaire. Of the submissions, approximately 43.8% were struvite and 41.5% oxalate. Struvite uroliths were most common in female dogs. Mixed breed dogs predominated, followed by the shih tzu, bichon frise, miniature schnauzer, Lhasa apso, and Yorkshire terrier. Oxalate uroliths were most common in males and in the miniature schnauzer, bichon frise, Lhasa apso, shih tzu, and Yorkshire terrier. Urate uroliths were most common in male Dalmations. Other urolith types, including cystine, xanthine, silica, and calcium phosphate, were less commonly reported. A review of risk factors for the various uroliths is presented, along with some recommendations for treatment and prevention. PMID:15072194

  6. The Chinese Communist Armed Forces.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1974-01-01

    Jesus . means of waging war as to be noncompetitive with Hung, a son of God, was the third member of the the West. The Bannerman archers were helpless in...to speak of the effectiveness of naval bom - Yung-an and there declared Hung Hsiu-ch’uan the bardment of Chinese cities. The Treaty of Nanking T’ien...compound by phoning her that her daughter immediately recognizing the Red Guards as aimed was in the hospital . The group was riding high at the at him and

  7. Editorial

    OpenAIRE

    Veg, Sebastian

    2012-01-01

    When Yan Lianke published his novel The Joy of Living (Shou huo) in 2004, in which a gang of disabled villagers sets out to make enough money to buy Lenin’s embalmed corpse, many readers may have been reminded of the seemingly boundless symbolic benefits reaped daily from another embalmed corpse in present-day China: the one enshrined in the mausoleum on Tiananmen square. Although some may choose not to see it, Mao’s portrait continues to adorn Tiananmen Gate, as well as banknotes of all deno...

  8. The English and Welsh perspective on legal aid for crime victims

    OpenAIRE

    Taylor, Louise

    2014-01-01

    The purpose of this paper is to give a brief overview of the English and Welsh Criminal Justice System and to explain the role of crime victims within it; to offer an insight into some of the soft law provisions that have been developed in England and Wales as alternatives to more formal provisions such as legal aid in offering protection and support to crime victims; and to question whether a right to legal aid to provide independent legal representation (ILR) for victims shou...

  9. A case of non-regenerative immune-mediated anemia treated by ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    A 12-year-old female Shih Tzu dog was referred with diarrhea. Hematological examination indicated severe nonregenerative anemia. Bone marrow aspiration smears and core biopsy specimens revealed normal bone marrow. Based on those results, non-regenerative immune mediated anemia was diagnosed. The dog ...

  10. Shigellosis

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... by Shigella (pronounced: shih-GEL-uh) bacteria. The bacteria produce toxins that can attack the lining of the ... fluids and may prescribe antibiotics to treat shigellosis. Antibiotics can help you recover faster and prevent the bacteria from spreading to other people. Most doctors suggest ...

  11. Frequency Conversion of Single Photons: Physics, Devices, and Applications

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-07-01

    Anton Zeilinger , Alexan- der V. Sergienko, and Yanhua Shih. New high-intensity source of polarization- entangled photon pairs. Physical Review Letters...interface. Nature, 437(7055):116–120, 2005. [36] S. Ramelow, A. Fedrizzi, A. Poppe, N. K. Langford, and A. Zeilinger . Polarization-entanglement-conserving

  12. The Effect of Spray Initial Conditions on Heat Release and Emissions in LDI CFD Calculations (Preprint)

    Science.gov (United States)

    2008-06-01

    Shih, T.-H., Povinelli , L. A., Liu, N.-S and Chen, K.-H., (2000), “Generalized Wall Function for...J. Marek, T. D. Smith, N.-S. Liu, and L. A. Povinelli (NASA, Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, “A Study of Hydrogen/Air Combustor Using NCC

  13. Metastable Supersymmetry Breaking in a Cooling Universe

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kaplunovsky, Vadim S.

    2007-01-01

    I put metastable supersymmetry breaking in a cosmological context. I argue that under reasonable assumptions, the cooling down early Universe favors metastable SUSY-breaking vacua over the stable supersymmetric vacua. To illustrate the general argument, I analyze the early-Universe history of the Intriligator-Seiberg-Shih model

  14. Journal of Biosciences | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Author Affiliations. Chi-Fang Chin1 Arthur Chun-Chieh Shih2 Kuo-Chin Fan1 3. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan; Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Informatics, Fo Guang Univeristy, Ilan, Taiwan ...

  15. Genetics Home Reference: monoamine oxidase A deficiency

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Cases O, Seif I, Grimsby J, Gaspar P, Chen K, Pournin S, Müller U, Aguet M, Babinet C, Shih JC, et al. Aggressive behavior and altered amounts of brain serotonin and norepinephrine in mice lacking MAOA. Science. 1995 Jun 23;268(5218):1763-6. Citation on ...

  16. Role of relative humidity in controlling rate of aflatoxin contamination in certain medicinal herbs under prolonged storage

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Elbazza, Z.E.; Mahmoud, M.I.; Roushdy, H.M.; Farrag, H.A.; Tablawy, S.Y.E.I.

    1995-01-01

    The effect of water activity on growth of aspergillus flavus test strain and aflatoxin production was studied in sabouraoud's yeast broth regulated with glycerol. Aflatoxin production increased with increasing the a w . The minimal a w was 0.92 for fungal growth and aflatoxins production. Growth of A.flavus test strain and aflatoxin production at 26+- I o and two relative humidities of 85% and 92.9% along four months incubation period on caraway, khlla, shih balady and wild chamomile samples were investigated. At 92.9% Rh, growth of A.flavus on caraway and khella samples was noticed after 20 days of incubation and increased with time incubation and increased with time. Aflatoxin production was detected after 30 days and decreased with prolonged incubation. Fungal growth and aflatoxin production were not observed on shih balady and wild chamomile samples at 92.9% Rh, and on the for studied herbs at 85%, Rh. 3 tabs

  17. Engineering mathematics-II

    CERN Document Server

    Ganesh, A

    2009-01-01

    About the Book: This book Engineering Mathematics-II is designed as a self-contained, comprehensive classroom text for the second semester B.E. Classes of Visveswaraiah Technological University as per the Revised new Syllabus. The topics included are Differential Calculus, Integral Calculus and Vector Integration, Differential Equations and Laplace Transforms. The book is written in a simple way and is accompanied with explanatory figures. All this make the students enjoy the subject while they learn. Inclusion of selected exercises and problems make the book educational in nature. It shou

  18. Localization and Specification of Copper Ions in Biofilms on Corroding Copper Surfaces.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1994-01-01

    Sao Paulo, Brazil: Aquatec Quimica : 1985). 256/3 5. H. Shih, F. Mansfeld, ASTM STP 1154, 174, Philadelphia, PA, 1992. 6. B. Little, P. Wagner, R...Pope, "A Study of Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion in Nuclear Power Plants and a Practical Guide for Countermeasures," Electric Power Research

  19. Determinants of Computer and Internet Adoption and Use in ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    centres and promote the training of youths and social networks. Keywords: ICT ... factors are underscored in studies in developing countries(Shih and. Venkatesh ... mentions several obstacles to ICT development in cities and the role of these ... Cameroon as the towns of the eight other regions including the Centre that.

  20. Fasting urinary calcium-to-creatinine and oxalate-to-creatinine ratios in dogs with calcium oxalate urolithiasis and breed-matched controls.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Furrow, E; Patterson, E E; Armstrong, P J; Osborne, C A; Lulich, J P

    2015-01-01

    Hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria are risk factors for calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis, but breed-specific reports of urinary metabolites and their relationship with stone status are lacking. To compare urinary metabolites (calcium and oxalate) and blood ionized calcium (iCa) concentrations between CaOx stone formers and breed-matched stone-free controls for the Miniature Schnauzer, Bichon Frise, and Shih Tzu breeds. Forty-seven Miniature Schnauzers (23 cases and 24 controls), 27 Bichons Frise (14 cases and 13 controls), and 15 Shih Tzus (7 cases and 8 controls). Prospective study. Fasting spot urinary calcium-to-creatinine and oxalate-to-creatinine ratios (UCa/Cr and UOx/Cr, respectively) and blood iCa concentrations were measured and compared between cases and controls within and across breeds. Regression models were used to test the effect of patient and environmental factors on these variables. UCa/Cr was higher in cases than controls for each of the 3 breeds. In addition to stone status, being on a therapeutic food designed to prevent CaOx stone recurrence was associated with higher UCa/Cr. UOx/Cr did not differ between cases and controls for any of the breeds. Blood iCa was higher in cases than controls in the Miniature Schnauzer and Bichon Frise breeds and had a moderate correlation with UCa/Cr. Hypercalciuria is associated with CaOx stone status in the Miniature Schnauzer, Bichon Frise, and Shih Tzu breeds. UOx/Cr did not correlate with stone status in these 3 breeds. These findings may influence breed-specific stone prevention recommendations. Copyright © 2015 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

  1. Cervical intervertebral disk herniation in chondrodystrophoid and nonchondrodystrophoid small-breed dogs: 187 cases (1993-2013).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hakozaki, Takaharu; Iwata, Munetaka; Kanno, Nobuo; Harada, Yasuji; Yogo, Takuya; Tagawa, Masahiro; Hara, Yasushi

    2015-12-15

    To identify characteristics of chondrodystrophoid and nonchondrodystrophoid small-breed dogs with cervical intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH). Retrospective case series. 187 small-breed (≤ 15 kg [33 lb]) dogs that underwent surgery because of cervical IVDH. Medical records were reviewed for information on breed, sex, age, weight, location of affected intervertebral disks, duration and severity of neurologic signs, and recovery time. 55 of the 187 (29.4%) dogs were Beagles. The most frequently affected intervertebral disk was C2-3 (81/253 [32.0%]), and this was the more frequently affected intervertebral disk in dogs of several chondrodystrophoid breeds, including Beagles (29/66 [43.9%]), Dachshunds (13/37 [35.1%]), Shih Tzus (16/41 [39.0%]), and Pekingese (3/10 [30.0%]). However, caudal disks (C5-6 or C6-7) were more frequently affected in Yorkshire Terriers (13/24 [54.2%]) and Chihuahuas (9/13 [69%]). Shih Tzus and Yorkshire Terriers were significantly older at the time of surgery (mean ± SD age, 9.6 ± 2.3 years and 9.5 ± 2.5 years, respectively) than were Pomeranians (6.2 ± 2.3 years), and Yorkshire Terriers had a significantly higher number of affected disks (2.0 ± 0.9) than did Dachshunds (1.1 ± 0.3). Mean recovery time was significantly longer in Yorkshire Terriers (36.7 ± 13.0 days) than in Beagles (16.5 ± 17.1 days), Shih Tzus (17.8 ± 14.5 days), or Chihuahuas (12.2 ± 7. 2 days). Results suggested that there may be breed-specific differences in the characteristics of cervical IVDH in small-breed dogs.

  2. Surgical and medical treatment of ocular disease in a dog with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rasch, Søren N

    2017-06-01

    Correctional surgery was performed on a 3-year-old intact male shih tzu presenting with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, ocular disease, and skin fold dermatitis. A one-year follow-up showed that no further clinical corrections were needed. Therefore, surgery could be considered in some canine patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

  3. Life or death? A Physiogenomic Approach to Understand Individual Variation in Responses to Hemorrhagic Shock

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-01-01

    2009, 234, 1503-1510. [34] Fang, J. F.; Shih, L. Y.; Yuan, K. C.; Fang, K. Y.; Hwang, T. L.; Hsieh, S. Y. Proteomic analysis of post-hemorrhagic...resistant and susceptible barley lines during interaction with the powdery mildew fungus . Plant Mol. Biol., 2001, 47, 739-748. [96] Harris, N. S

  4. The SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis Functions Through p38-MAPK Signaling to Drive Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    2009-09-01

    2002). Rubin JB, Kung AL, Klein RS, Chan JA, Sun Y, Schmidt K, Kieran MW, Luster AD, Segal RA.A small-molecule antagonist of CXCR4 inhibits... Melanie H. Howell, Michelle Lacey, Betty Y. Shih, Carol Carter-Wientjes, Thomas E. Cleveland, John A. McLachlan, Thomas E. Wiese, Barbara S. Beckman

  5. Browse Title Index

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Items 8801 - 8850 of 11090 ... A Mansseri-Lamrioui, A Louerguioui, J Bonaly, ... Vol 13, No 53 (2014), Promoting increased Chlorella sorokiniana Shih. et Krauss (Chlorophyta) biomass ... Vol 16, No 3 (2017), Protection of Lactobacillus acidophilus under in vitro ... Araújo Campos, Pedro Martins Ribeiro Júnior, Fabrício Rabelo ...

  6. (Chlorophyta) biomass production using Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Chlorella sorokiniana Shih. et Krauss, a unicellular green alga was assayed to assess its to promotion potentials response of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera Lam. C. sorokiniana grown in 200 ml aliquots of modified basal medium for two weeks: was treated with the aqueous and ethanolic extracts at ...

  7. East Asia: Southeast Asia

    Science.gov (United States)

    1990-09-05

    supporting role in the founding of Malaysia. Some people describe their role as having a position but having no authority. During the cogon grass campaign...Pian Hon Yun Shih-chin’s luck was much greater than Kuo Wei- chieh’s. Although both are deputy ministers, their grass - roots power is weak. Kuo

  8. The Attention Cascade Model and Attentional Blink

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shih, Shui-I

    2008-01-01

    An attention cascade model is proposed to account for attentional blinks in rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of stimuli. Data were collected using single characters in a single RSVP stream at 10 Hz [Shih, S., & Reeves, A. (2007). "Attentional capture in rapid serial visual presentation." "Spatial Vision", 20(4), 301-315], and single words,…

  9. Autocrine and Paracrine Hh Signaling Regulate Prostate Development

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-09-01

    Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol. 6, 306–317 7. Wang, B. E., Shou, J., Ross, S., Koeppen, H., De Sauvage, F. J., and Gao, W. Q. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278, 18506...and Placzek, M. (2006) Nat. Rev. Genet. 7, 841–850 13. Callahan, C. A., Ofstad, T., Horng, L.,Wang, J. K., Zhen, H. H., Coulombe , P. A., and Oro, A. E...Albig, A. R., and Schiemann, W. P. (2005)Mol. Biol. Cell 16, 609–625 45. Olsen, M. W., Ley , C. D., Junker, N., Hansen, A. J., Lund, E. L., and Krist

  10. Targeting metastatic breast cancer with ANG1005, a novel peptide-paclitaxel conjugate that crosses the blood-brain-barrier (BBB

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fei Li

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available We devoted this short interview piece with Dr Shou-Ching Tang at Augusta University to feature some promising results from a clinical phase II trial on a novel brain-penetrating peptide-paclitaxel-conjugate, ANG1005, in treating brain metastatic breast cancer. These results were presented by Dr. Tang at the recent annual meeting of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO 2016 Congress. This development heralds an important step forward towards the development of effective chemotherapeutic agents, which can cross the blood-brain-barrier and effectively treat and prevent the brain metastatic cancers.

  11. Comparison of the results of wide plate tests with the predictions of several fracture concepts

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rosezin, H.J.; Dahl, W.

    1985-01-01

    With the results of wide plate tests on center cracked specimens the concept of the plastic limit load, the Burdekin-Dawes-design-concept, the J-design-curve according to Turner, the estimation proceeding according to Shih and Kumar, the Two-Criteria-Approach and the FAD according to Pellini were examined and the limits of their application exhibited. The maximum loads of wide plate specimens can be estimated by the plastic limit load, if no low-stress-fractures occur. Corresponding to the Pellini-concept no low-stress-fractures occured at test temperatures above NDT, if the NDT-temperature of the region of material was used, in which the crack was located. With the concept according to Shih and Kumar an estimation of the instability loads of wide plate specimens is possible, if the fracture behaviour is fully ductile, but not in all cases conservative predictions were made. A prediction of critical stresses and crack sizes is possible with the other concepts examined, if the evaluations are based on the critical values for the onset of stable or unstable crack growth. (orig.) [de

  12. Further genetic localization of the transforming sequences of the p21 v-ras gene of Harvey murine sarcoma virus

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Willumsen, B M; Ellis, R W; Scolnick, E M

    1984-01-01

    , DNA sequence analysis has found a single open reading frame large enough to encode the viral p21 (R. Dhar, R. W. Ellis, T. Y. Shih, S. Oroszlan, B. Shapiro, J. Maizel, D. Lowy, and E. M. Scolnick, Science 217:934-937, 1982). There are three potential in-frame ATG initiation codons at the 5' end...

  13. Anti-inflammatory Effects of Magnolia sieboldii Extract in ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Hao Li4 and Kang-Duk Choi1*. 1Genomic ... Methods: The whole plant of M. sieboldii was extracted with methanol at room temperature. The in vitro ... action of M. sieboldii in inflammation. Magnolia ..... Shih HC, Hwang TL, Chen HC, Kuo PC, Lee EJ, Lee. KH, Wu TS. ... Fu JY, Masferrer JL, Seibert K, Raz A, Needleman P.

  14. Sadhana | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Home; Journals; Sadhana. W-P Sung. Articles written in Sadhana. Volume 34 Issue 3 June 2009 pp 421-437. A model for signal processing and predictive control of semi-active structural control system · M-H Shih W-P Sung Ching-Jong Wang · More Details Abstract Fulltext PDF. The theory for structural control has been ...

  15. Wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated liposomes incorporated with cardiolipin to improve neuronal survival in Alzheimer’s disease treatment

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kuo YC

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Yung-Chih Kuo,1 Che-Yu Lin,1 Jay-Shake Li,2 Yung-I Lou3 1Department of Chemical Engineering, 2Department of Psychology, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 3Department of Accounting, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China Abstract: Curcumin (CRM and nerve growth factor (NGF were entrapped in liposomes (LIP with surface wheat germ agglutinin (WGA to downregulate the phosphorylation of kinases in Alzheimer’s disease (AD therapy. Cardiolipin (CL-conjugated LIP carrying CRM (CRM-CL/LIP and also carrying NGF (NGF-CL/LIP were used with AD models of SK-N-MC cells and Wistar rats after an insult with β-amyloid peptide (Aβ. We found that CRM-CL/LIP inhibited the expression of phosphorylated p38 (p-p38, phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK, and p-tau protein at serine 202 and prevented neurodegeneration of SK-N-MC cells. In addition, NGF-CL/LIP could enhance the quantities of p-neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1 and p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 for neuronal rescue. Moreover, WGA-grafted CRM-CL/LIP and WGA-grafted NGF-CL/LIP significantly improved the permeation of CRM and NGF across the blood–brain barrier, reduced Aβ plaque deposition and the malondialdehyde level, and increased the percentage of normal neurons and cholinergic activity in the hippocampus of AD rats. Based on the marker expressions and in vivo evidence, current LIP carriers can be promising drug delivery systems to protect nervous tissue against Aβ-induced apoptosis in the brain during the clinical management of AD. Keywords: liposome, Alzheimer’s disease, β-amyloid, neurodegeneration, blood–brain barrier, wheat germ agglutinin

  16. Effect of aging on copper nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Administrator

    2009-06-23

    Jun 23, 2009 ... Hsieh C T, Chen J M, Lin H H and Shih H C 2003 Appl. Phys. Lett. 83 3383. Hsieh J H, Kuo P W, Peng K C, Liu S J, Hsueh J D and Chang. S C 2008 Thin ... Jung J H, Kim T W, Song M S, Kim Y H and Yoo K H 2007. J. Appl.

  17. Nucleoplasty for treating lumbar disk degenerative low back pain: an outcome prediction analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Liliang PC

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available Po-Chou Liliang,1 Kang Lu,1 Cheng-Loong Liang,1 Ya-Wen Chen,2,3 Yu-Duan Tsai,1 Yuan-Kun Tu4 1Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, 2Department of Nursing, I-Shou University, 3School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, 4Department of Orthopedic Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Purpose: Nucleoplasty is a minimally invasive technique that is considered efficacious in alleviating lumbar disk degenerative low back pain (LBP. The efficacy of nucleoplasty and identified variables that can predict pain relief for nucleoplasty was reported. Patients and methods: Between December 2013 and November 2015, 47 nucleoplasty procedures on 47 lumbar disks in 31 consecutive patients were performed. The outcome was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS score. Improvements of ≥50% in VAS scores were considered substantial pain relief. The variables associated with pain relief after nucleoplasty included: 1 age; 2 sex; 3 body mass index; 4 hyperintensity zone at the rear of the disk; 5 hypointensity of the disk; 6 Modic changes of the end plates; 7 spinal instability pain; and 8 discography results. Results: Twenty-one patients (67.7% experienced substantial pain relief. The most common side effects following nucleoplasty were soreness at the needle puncture site (64.5%, numbness in the lower leg (12.9%, and increased intensity of back pain (9.7%. All side effects were transient. Multivariate analysis revealed that the discography results were the most critical predictor for substantial pain relief of nucleoplasty (P=0.03. The sensitivity and specificity of discography were 92.8% and 62.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Discography results could improve the success rate of nucleoplasty in the treatment of disk degenerative LBP. Keywords: low back pain, lumbar disk degenerative, nucleoplasty, discography 

  18. An integrated study for the utilization of anthraquinone compounds extract “Heshouwu” In vivo and their comparative metabolism in liver microsomes using UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MSn

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sha Chen

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Objective: Anthraquinone (AQ, a major bioactive component of the traditional Chinese medicine HeShouWu, has widespread applications in industry and medicine. The objective of the current study is to explore the differences in the bioavailability of anthraquinones in vivo and the metabolism in liver microsomes. Materials and Methods: In vivo, we used a reliable UPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS method to measure seven AQ compounds in the jugular vein plasma of rats following oral administration of HeShouWu. Furthermore, in order to quantify the bioavailability of AQs in vivo and to further understand the metabolism of these compounds, we compared the in vitro metabolism of AQ in different species with respect to metabolic profiles, the enzymes involved, and catalytic efficiency using liver microsomes from human (HLM, mouse (MLM, rat (RLM, and beagle dog (DLM. Results: We identified two metabolic pathways, including the hydroxylation and glucuronidation of AQ, in the liver microsomes of humans and other species using UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF. We found that substitutions on the AQ ring were crucial to the activity and regioselectivity of its hydroxylation. In general, hydroxylation activity decreased greatly with β-COOH (rhein and enhanced dramatically with β-OH (emodin. We also found that glucuronidation of the compound emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside acts as the main isoform in AQ hydroxylation in HLM and DLM. Total microsomal intrinsic clearance values for AQ were greatest in mouse microsomes, followed by those in dog, human, and rat microsomes. Conclusion: The absorption of different anthrquinone compounds varied based on the compound structure, the metabolism types and products of anthraquinones in liver microsomes were different in different species. These findings provide vital information for a deeper unuunderstanding of the metabolism of AQs.

  19. Monoamine Oxidase A: A Novel Target for Progression and Metastasis of Prostate Cancer

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-12-01

    dye* Corresponding author. Uro -Oncology Research Pr Center, 8750 Beverly Blvd., Atrium 103, Los Angeles, E-mail address: Leland.Chung@cshs.org (L.W.K...INVESTIGATOR: Jean C. Shih, Ph.D. CONTRACTING ORGANIZATION: University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90089-0001 REPORT DATE: December 2015...SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA 3720 S. FLOWER STREET LOS ANGELES, CA 90089-0001 9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S

  20. Researcher might have found answer to 'birth of the universe'

    CERN Multimedia

    2003-01-01

    A National Taiwan University (NTU) research team has discovered a new physical phenomenon that could challenge the well-accepted theory about the birth of the universe. However,Lee Shih-chang, a researcher at Academia Sinica's Institute of Physics, said the new scientific research results will be accepted only after an academic paper detailing the research process and conclusions is released and the research results are verified by experts in the field.

  1. Bio-Inspired Nanomaterials: Protein Cage Nano-Architectures

    Science.gov (United States)

    2008-04-01

    Shevchenko, A. Weizsacker, F. (2004). Hepatitis B virus nucleocapsids (2003). Fast-response proteomics by accelerated in-gel formed by carboxy-terminally...Newman, M. & Shih, C. sin. Proteomics , 5, 2319-2321. (2005). Exposure of RNA templates and encapsidation 60. Prudova, A., Bauman, Z., Braun, A...isolated from the fungus Dactylium dendroides [I]. It is H334, Y329, G513, and T580) and water molecules. composed of three distinct domains, organized

  2. A Quantum Network with Atoms and Photons

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-09-01

    98, 111115. 5. Karmakar, S, Shih, Y. Two- color ghost imaging with enhanced angular resolving power. Physical Review A. 2010; 81, 033845. 6. Karmakar...information. We constructed the rubidium (⁸⁷Rb) atomic memory magneto optical trap (MOT) cell and laser controls, and developed protocols, hardware, and...software to control the secure teleportation of information between quantum memories at ARL and JQI. Notably, we performed successful in-laboratory

  3. JPRS Report East Asia Southeast Asia

    Science.gov (United States)

    1987-06-05

    31 Mar 87) 20 Palm Oil Industry Promotion Moves Proposed (Lim Hock Chye ; BUSINESS TIMES, 1 May 87) .. 22 Paper Comments on 5th Malaysia Plan...1 [Article by Lim Hock Chye ] [Text] A GOVERNMENT-INDUSTRY committee has recommended the Implementation of several measures to strengthen the...stopped due to lack of funds for providing subsidies. According to Deputy Education Minister (Yun Shih- Chin ), Chinese-language classes in several

  4. Éditorial

    OpenAIRE

    Veg, Sebastian

    2012-01-01

    Lorsque Yan Lianke publia en 2004 Shou huo (La joie de vivre), traduit en France sous le titre Bons baisers de Lénine, roman dans lequel un groupe de villageois handicapés cherche à amasser suffisamment d’argent pour acquérir la momie de Lénine, il s’est sans doute trouvé des lecteurs pour songer aux bénéfices symboliques apparemment illimités récoltés jour après jour en Chine grâce à une autre momie : celle qui est conservée dans le Mausolée de la place Tiananmen. Même si d’aucuns préfèrent ...

  5. Prevention of Ovarian High Grade Serous Carcinoma by Elucidating Its Early Changes

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-10-01

    Cancer Res, in press. PMID: 27590741 31. Ayhan A, Kuhn E, Wu RC, Ogawa H, Talbott AB, Mao TL, Sugimura H, Shih IM, Wang TL. CCNE1 copy number gain...most significant focal DNA somatic copy number alterations were shared between cases with and without STIC lesions. Class comparison of the RNA...significant effort has been placed on determining the menstrual status of samples collected – this included reviewing the endometrium of corresponding

  6. Sustained release of vancomycin from novel biodegradable nanofiber-loaded vascular prosthetic grafts: in vitro and in vivo study

    OpenAIRE

    Liu, Kuo-Sheng; Lee, Cheng-Hung; Wang, Yi-Chuan; Liu, Shih-Jung

    2015-01-01

    Kuo-Sheng Liu,1 Cheng-Hung Lee,2 Yi-Chuan Wang,3 Shih-Jung Liu3 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; 2Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan Abstract: This study describes novel biodegradable, drug-eluting nanofiber-loaded vascular prosthetic grafts that provide local and sustained...

  7. Does a One-Size-Fits-All Cost-Sharing Approach Incentivize Appropriate Medication Use? A Roundtable on the Fairness and Ethics Associated with Variable Cost Sharing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Graff, Jennifer S; Shih, Chuck; Barker, Thomas; Dieguez, Gabriela; Larson, Cheryl; Sherman, Helen; Dubois, Robert W

    2017-06-01

    use of the higher-cost treatment was due to biological reasons such as step therapy (6 = unacceptable, 9 = neutral, 2 = acceptable) or diagnostic results (5 = unacceptable, 10 = neutral, and 2 = acceptable). In contrast, panelists felt it was more acceptable for patients to pay greater OOP costs when treatment choice was based on preferences to avoid a side-effect risk (1 = unacceptable, 3 = neutral, and 13 = acceptable) or the route/frequency of administration (1 = unacceptable, 1 = neutral, and 15 = acceptable). Five guiding principles emerged from the discussion: When patients have tried lower-cost therapies unsuccessfully, the benefits of higher-cost treatments were certain and significant, the cost difference between treatments was aligned with improved benefits, and penalties due to bad luck were mitigated, then cost-sharing differences should be minimized but not eliminated. Patient OOP costs can affect the use of both inappropriate and appropriate medications. This study identified 5 guiding principles to determine when it was more (or less) acceptable for patients with the same or similar conditions to have different OOP costs. Barriers that hinder the alignment of care and patient cost sharing exist. Policies that facilitate the alignment of patient cost sharing with appropriate care are needed. Funding for this roundtable was provided by the National Pharmaceutical Council (NPC). Graff and Dubois are employed by the NPC. Shih was employed by the NPC at the time of this study. Barker, Dieguez, Sherman, and Larson received consulting fees for participation in this study. Larson also reports receiving grants and other payment from multiple major pharmaceutical manufacturers outside of this study. The NPC employees developed the study design and chose the case studies in collaboration with the white paper authors. The roundtable was facilitated by Dubois, and the meeting summary and manuscript were written by Graff and Shih, with revisions by all roundtable

  8. Pseudomembranous colitis within radiotherapy field following concurrent chemoradiation therapy: a case report

    OpenAIRE

    Hsieh, Chen-Hsi; Shen,Bing-Jie; Lin,Shih-Chiang; Shueng,Pei-Wei; Tseng,Li-Ming; Chou,

    2013-01-01

    Bing-Jie Shen,1 Shih-Chiang Lin,2 Pei-Wei Shueng,1,3 Yueh-Hung Chou,4 Li-Ming Tseng,5 Chen-Hsi Hsieh1,6,71Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 2Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 3Department of Radiation Oncology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; 4Department of Anatomical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 5...

  9. People’s Republic of China Scientific Abstracts No. 179

    Science.gov (United States)

    1977-11-08

    No 2, April 1977 7 CHIH-WU HSUEH-PAO [ACTA BOTANICA SINICA] No 2, June 1977 22 I-CH’UAN HSUEH-PAO [ACTA GENETICA SINICA] No 1...2^-129 ^675] WANG Hsiang-yun [37*9 7^9 0061] ORG: Roth of Office of Microbiology Teaching and Research, First College of Military...2799 2973 3163], SHIH Wei-k’ang [2457 3262 1660], et al. AtmiOR: None ORG: Third Teaching and Research Group, Department of Hygiene

  10. People’s Republic of China Scientific Abstracts, Number 185

    Science.gov (United States)

    1978-02-14

    CONTENTS PAGE HANG-K’UNG CHIH-SHIH [AERONAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE] No 10, October 1977 .... 1 CHIH-WU HSUEH-PAO [ACTA BOTANICA SINICA] No 3, September 1977 8...launch units; 3) Chairman Hua visiting an earthquake damaged region; 4) a group of female pilots of a minority race. 3012 CSO: 4009 ACTA BOTANICA ...CHIH-WU HSUEH-PAO [ACTA BOTANICA SINICä] in Chinese Vol 19 No 3, Sep 77 pp 167-171 TEXT OF ENGLISH ABSTRACT: 1. The process of microsporogenesis

  11. A Network Analysis of the Teachers and Graduate Students’ Research Topics in the Field of Mass Communication

    OpenAIRE

    Ming-Shu Yuan; Yung-Nan Yu

    2013-01-01

    The completion of a master’s thesis requires the advisor’s guidance on topic selection, data collection, analysis, interpretation and writing. The advisory committee’s input also contributes to the work. This study conducted content analysis and network analysis on a sample of 547 master’s theses from eight departments of the College of Journalism and Communications of Shih Hsin University to examine the relationships between the advisors and committee members as well as the connections of re...

  12. Contribution of Fuzzy Minimal Cost Flow Problem by Possibility Programming

    OpenAIRE

    S. Fanati Rashidi; A. A. Noora

    2010-01-01

    Using the concept of possibility proposed by zadeh, luhandjula ([4,8]) and buckley ([1]) have proposed the possibility programming. The formulation of buckley results in nonlinear programming problems. Negi [6]re-formulated the approach of Buckley by the use of trapezoidal fuzzy numbers and reduced the problem into fuzzy linear programming problem. Shih and Lee ([7]) used the Negi approach to solve a minimum cost flow problem, whit fuzzy costs and the upper and lower bound. ...

  13. High Seas Buffer: The Taiwan Patrol Force, 1950-1979

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-04-01

    It is prohibited to use NWC’s logo on any republication of this book without the express, written permission of the Editor, Naval War College Press, or...watches and developed an English–Chinese signal book to be used in communications between American and Nationalist ships. With the help of foreign... secondhand from Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, and Japan. One of their primary missions was to patrol the strait. On 13 January 1967, Maj. Shih-Lin Hu

  14. Sustained release of bactericidal concentrations of penicillin in the pleural space via an antibiotic-eluting pigtail catheter coated with electrospun nanofibers: results from in vivo and in vitro studies

    OpenAIRE

    Chao, Yin-Kai; Lee, Cheng-Hung; Liu, Kuo-Sheng; Wang, Yi-Chuan; Wang, Chih-Wei; Liu, Shih-Jung

    2015-01-01

    Yin-Kai Chao,1 Cheng-Hung Lee,2 Kuo-Sheng Liu,1 Yi-Chuan Wang,3 Chih-Wei Wang,4 Shih-Jung Liu3 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 2Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 4Department of P...

  15. Two-stage estimation in copula models used in family studies

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Andersen, Elisabeth Anne Wreford

    2005-01-01

    by Shih and Louis (Biometrics vol. 51, pp. 1384-1399, 1995b) and Glidden (Lifetime Data Analysis vol. 6, pp. 141-156, 2000). Because register based family studies often involve very large cohorts a method for analysing a sampled cohort is also derived together with the asymptotic properties...... of the estimators. The proposed methods are studied in simulations and the estimators are found to be highly efficient. Finally, the methods are applied to a study of mortality in twins....

  16. An analytical model and parametric study of electrical contact resistance in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wu, Zhiliang; Wang, Shuxin; Zhang, Lianhong [School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072 (China); Hu, S. Jack [Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125 (United States)

    2009-04-15

    This paper presents an analytical model of the electrical contact resistance between the carbon paper gas diffusion layers (GDLs) and the graphite bipolar plates (BPPs) in a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell. The model is developed based on the classical statistical contact theory for a PEM fuel cell, using the same probability distributions of the GDL structure and BPP surface profile as previously described in Wu et al. [Z. Wu, Y. Zhou, G. Lin, S. Wang, S.J. Hu, J. Power Sources 182 (2008) 265-269] and Zhou et al. [Y. Zhou, G. Lin, A.J. Shih, S.J. Hu, J. Power Sources 163 (2007) 777-783]. Results show that estimates of the contact resistance compare favorably with experimental data by Zhou et al. [Y. Zhou, G. Lin, A.J. Shih, S.J. Hu, J. Power Sources 163 (2007) 777-783]. Factors affecting the contact behavior are systematically studied using the analytical model, including the material properties of the two contact bodies and factors arising from the manufacturing processes. The transverse Young's modulus of chopped carbon fibers in the GDL and the surface profile of the BPP are found to be significant to the contact resistance. The factor study also sheds light on the manufacturing requirements of carbon fiber GDLs for a better contact performance in PEM fuel cells. (author)

  17. The Higgs and Supersymmetry at Run II of the LHC

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Shih, David [Rutgers Univ., Piscataway, NJ (United States)

    2016-04-14

    Prof. David Shih was supported by DOE grant DE-SC0013678 from April 2015 to April 2016. His research during this year focused on the phenomenology of super-symmetry (SUSY) and maximizing its future discovery potential at Run II of the LHC. SUSY is one of the most well-motivated frameworks for physics beyond the Standard Model. It solves the "naturalness" or "hierarchy" problem by stabilizing the Higgs mass against otherwise uncontrolled quantum corrections, predicts "grand unification" of the fundamental forces, and provides many potential candidates for dark matter. However, after decades of null results from direct and indirect searches, the viable parameter space for SUSY is increasingly constrained. Also, the discovery of a Standard Model-like Higgs with a mass at 125 GeV places a stringent constraint on SUSY models. In the work supported on this grant, Shih has worked on four different projects motivated by these issues. He has built natural SUSY models that explain the Higgs mass and provide viable dark matter; he has studied the parameter space of "gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking" (GMSB) that satisfies the Higgs mass constraint; he has developed new tools for the precision calculation of flavor and CP observables in general SUSY models; and he has studied new techniques for discovery of supersymmetric partners of the top quark.

  18. The Higgs and Supersymmetry at Run II of the LHC

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shih, David

    2016-01-01

    Prof. David Shih was supported by DOE grant DE-SC0013678 from April 2015 to April 2016. His research during this year focused on the phenomenology of super-symmetry (SUSY) and maximizing its future discovery potential at Run II of the LHC. SUSY is one of the most well-motivated frameworks for physics beyond the Standard Model. It solves the 'naturalness' or 'hierarchy' problem by stabilizing the Higgs mass against otherwise uncontrolled quantum corrections, predicts 'grand unification' of the fundamental forces, and provides many potential candidates for dark matter. However, after decades of null results from direct and indirect searches, the viable parameter space for SUSY is increasingly constrained. Also, the discovery of a Standard Model-like Higgs with a mass at 125 GeV places a stringent constraint on SUSY models. In the work supported on this grant, Shih has worked on four different projects motivated by these issues. He has built natural SUSY models that explain the Higgs mass and provide viable dark matter; he has studied the parameter space of 'gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking' (GMSB) that satisfies the Higgs mass constraint; he has developed new tools for the precision calculation of flavor and CP observables in general SUSY models; and he has studied new techniques for discovery of supersymmetric partners of the top quark.

  19. People’s Republic of China Scientific Abstracts No. 164.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1977-02-23

    of these articles. CONTENTS PAGE K’ O-HSUEH SHIH-YEN /SCIENTIFIC EXPERIMENT/ No 8, Äug 76 1 CHIH-WU HSUEH-PAO /ÄCTA BOTANICA SINICA/ Vol 18, No...AUTHOR: None ORG: Digital Control Teaching Group, Shanghai Sparetime Industrial University TITLE: "On the Principles of Digital Machine Tool Control...8217 College" SOURCE: Peking CHIH-WU HSUEH-PAO [AGTA BOTANICA SINICA] Vol 18 No 3, Sep 76 pp 198-201 EXCERPT OF ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The May-7 Agricultural

  20. Technical Knowledge, Cultural Practices and Social Boundaries: Wan-Nan Scholars and the Recasting of Jesuit Astronomy, 1600-1800

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chu, Ping-Yi.

    Taking four Wan-nan Confucian scholars--Yang Kuang -hsien, Mei Wen-ting, Chiang Yung and Tai Chen--as examples, this dissertation studies how an immigrant Jesuit scientific community built and defended itself in a specialized institutional niche located at the Ch'ing court and how a defeated Chinese scientific tradition successfully survived by occupying a broader cultural space, with the Manchu emperor in between. Special attention is paid to how these four Confucian scholars constructed social boundaries between the Chinese and the Westerners in their astronomical discourses and how they domesticated Western astronomy in order to fit the Chinese cultural conditions situated in the power structure built by the Manchus. This inquiry begins with a brief introduction of Wan-nan and the Wan-nan school. I then discuss how the Jesuits legitimated their knowledge during the Ming -Ch'ing transition, and how Jesuit astronomy was situated within the power nexus between the Confucian literati and the emperors. The next chapter focuses on Yang Kuang-hsien and his challenges to the Jesuits. I examine his strategies and the power structure in which Yang carried out his challenge to the Jesuits. The fourth and fifth chapters investigate how Mei Wen-ting restructured the relationship between Confucianism and astronomy. The former chapter focuses on Mei's social networking and his ambivalence towards the Ming and Ch'ing dynasties, on the one hand, and towards Chinese and Western learning on the other. The latter chapter deals with how Mei Wen-ting recast Chinese astronomical tradition and Confucianism. In the sixth chapter, I will compare the fame of Chiang Yung and Tai Chen in order to demonstrate how astronomy was practiced in evidential studies after Mei Wen-ting, and how evidential studies itself conveyed an ideological construction of the other. Through integrating Western astronomy with indigenous tradition while exorcising the otherness contained within the cultural package

  1. Pulsed radiofrequency treatment of articular branches of femoral and obturator nerves for chronic hip pain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chye CL

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Cien-Leong Chye,1 Cheng-Loong Liang,1 Kang Lu,1 Ya-Wen Chen,2,3 Po-Chou Liliang1 1Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, 2Department of Nursing, I-Shou University, 3School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Purpose: Chronic hip pain is a common symptom experienced by many people. Often, surgery is not an option for patients with multiple comorbidities, and conventional drugs either have many side effects or are ineffective. Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF is a new method in the treatment of pain. We attempt to compare the efficacy of PRF relative to conservative management for chronic hip pain.Patients and methods: Between August 2011 and July 2013, 29 patients with chronic hip pain were divided into two groups (PRF and conservative treatment according to consent or refusal to undergo PRF procedure. Fifteen patients received PRF of the articular branches of the femoral and obturator nerves, and 14 patients received conservative treatment. Visual analog scale (VAS, Oxford hip scores (OHS, and pain medications were used for outcome measurement before treatment and at 1 week, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks after treatment.Results: At 1 week, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks after treatment initiation, improvements in VAS were significantly greater with PRF. Improvements in OHS were significantly greater in the PRF group at 1 week, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks. Patients in the PRF group also used less pain medications. Eight subjects in the conservative treatment group switched to the PRF group after 12 weeks, and six of them had >50% improvement.Conclusion: When compared with conservative treatment, PRF of the articular branches of the femoral and obturator nerves offers greater pain relief for chronic hip pain and can augment physical functioning. Keywords: pulsed radiofrequency, obturator and femoral nerves, hip joint pain, osteoar­thritis

  2. Lucky Motifs in Chinese Folk Art: Interpreting Paper-cut from Chinese Shaanxi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xuxiao WANG

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available Paper-cut is not simply a form of traditional Chinese folk art. Lucky motifs developed in paper-cut certainly acquired profound cultural connotations. As paper-cut is a time-honoured skill across the nation, interpreting those motifs requires cultural receptiveness and anthropological sensitivity. The author of this article analyzes examples of paper-cut from Northern Shaanxi, China, to identify the cohesive motifs and explore the auspiciousness of the specific concepts of Fu, Lu, Shou, Xi. The paper-cut of Northern Shaanxi is an ideal representative of the craft as a whole because of the relative stability of this region in history, in terms of both art and culture. Furthermore, its straightforward style provides a clear demonstration of motifs regarding folk understanding of expectations for life.

  3. GLOBAL CONVERGENCE FOR THE XOR BOOLEAN NETWORKS

    OpenAIRE

    Ho, Juei-Ling

    2009-01-01

    Shih and Ho have proved a global convergent theorem for boolean network: if a map from $\\{0,1\\}^{n}$ to itself defines a boolean network has the conditions: (1) each column of the discrete Jacobian matrix of each element of $\\{0,1\\}^{n}$ is either a unit vector or a zero vector; (2) all the boolean eigenvalues of the discrete Jacobian matrix of this map evaluated at each element of $\\{0,1\\}^{n}$ are zero, then it has a unique fixed point and this boolean network is global convergent to the fi...

  4. SM-ND Age and REE Systematics of Larkman Nunatek 06319: Closed System Fractional Crystallization of a Shergottite Magma

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shafer, J. T.; Brandon, A. D.; Lapen T. J.; Righter, M.; Peslier, A. H.

    2010-01-01

    Sm-Nd isotopic data were collected on mineral separates and bulk rock powders of LAR 06319, yielding an age of 180+/-13 Ma (2(sigma)). This age is concordant with the Lu-Hf age (197+/-29 Ma, [1]) determined in conjunction with these data and the Sm-Nd age (190+/-26 Ma) of Shih et al., 2009 [2]. The Sm-Nd data form at statistically significant isochron (Fig. 1) that is controlled largely by leachate-residue pairs (samples with the R suffix are residues after leaching in cold 2N HCl for 10 minutes).

  5. Implementing general gauge mediation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Carpenter, Linda M.; Dine, Michael; Festuccia, Guido; Mason, John D.

    2009-01-01

    Recently there has been much progress in building models of gauge mediation, often with predictions different than those of minimal gauge mediation. Meade, Seiberg, and Shih have characterized the most general spectrum which can arise in gauge-mediated models. We discuss some of the challenges of building models of general gauge mediation, especially the problem of messenger parity and issues connected with R symmetry breaking and CP violation. We build a variety of viable, weakly coupled models which exhibit some or all of the possible low energy parameters.

  6. 正史乐志书写方式对《礼记・乐记》的继承与发展

    OpenAIRE

    史, 文

    2016-01-01

    Yueji is the most important document for systematically recording the music of the pre-Qin period. The Annals of Music in the official Chinese history books has become the main text carrier after the book of Yueji. Yueji had a profound influence on later music literature, either on the concept of music or on the description of music, though it does not especially record the music’s history. Based on the analysis of Yueji, this thesis will take the Annals of Music in Shih Chi, Hanshu and Songs...

  7. Comparative genomics of Cluster O mycobacteriophages.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cresawn, Steven G; Pope, Welkin H; Jacobs-Sera, Deborah; Bowman, Charles A; Russell, Daniel A; Dedrick, Rebekah M; Adair, Tamarah; Anders, Kirk R; Ball, Sarah; Bollivar, David; Breitenberger, Caroline; Burnett, Sandra H; Butela, Kristen; Byrnes, Deanna; Carzo, Sarah; Cornely, Kathleen A; Cross, Trevor; Daniels, Richard L; Dunbar, David; Findley, Ann M; Gissendanner, Chris R; Golebiewska, Urszula P; Hartzog, Grant A; Hatherill, J Robert; Hughes, Lee E; Jalloh, Chernoh S; De Los Santos, Carla; Ekanem, Kevin; Khambule, Sphindile L; King, Rodney A; King-Smith, Christina; Klyczek, Karen; Krukonis, Greg P; Laing, Christian; Lapin, Jonathan S; Lopez, A Javier; Mkhwanazi, Sipho M; Molloy, Sally D; Moran, Deborah; Munsamy, Vanisha; Pacey, Eddie; Plymale, Ruth; Poxleitner, Marianne; Reyna, Nathan; Schildbach, Joel F; Stukey, Joseph; Taylor, Sarah E; Ware, Vassie C; Wellmann, Amanda L; Westholm, Daniel; Wodarski, Donna; Zajko, Michelle; Zikalala, Thabiso S; Hendrix, Roger W; Hatfull, Graham F

    2015-01-01

    Mycobacteriophages--viruses of mycobacterial hosts--are genetically diverse but morphologically are all classified in the Caudovirales with double-stranded DNA and tails. We describe here a group of five closely related mycobacteriophages--Corndog, Catdawg, Dylan, Firecracker, and YungJamal--designated as Cluster O with long flexible tails but with unusual prolate capsids. Proteomic analysis of phage Corndog particles, Catdawg particles, and Corndog-infected cells confirms expression of half of the predicted gene products and indicates a non-canonical mechanism for translation of the Corndog tape measure protein. Bioinformatic analysis identifies 8-9 strongly predicted SigA promoters and all five Cluster O genomes contain more than 30 copies of a 17 bp repeat sequence with dyad symmetry located throughout the genomes. Comparison of the Cluster O phages provides insights into phage genome evolution including the processes of gene flux by horizontal genetic exchange.

  8. On the Non-malleability of the Fiat-Shamir Transform

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Faust, Sebastian; Kohlweiss, Markulf; Marson, Giorgia Azzurra

    2012-01-01

    , in the ROM, we obtain truly efficient non malleable NIZK proof systems essentially for free. Our definitions are sufficient for instantiating the Naor-Yung paradigm for CCA2-secure encryption, as well as a generic construction for signature schemes from hard relations and simulation-extractable NIZK proof...... systems. These two constructions are interesting as the former preserves both the leakage resilience and key-dependent message security of the underlying CPA-secure encryption scheme, while the latter lifts the leakage resilience of the hard relation to the leakage resilience of the resulting signature......The Fiat-Shamir transform is a well studied paradigm for removing interaction from public-coin protocols. We investigate whether the resulting non-interactive zero-knowledge (NIZK) proof systems also exhibit non-malleability properties that have up to now only been studied for NIZK proof systems...

  9. [Version and compilation of Harikyuuhousouyou of Vietnamese medical book].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Du, Fengjuan; Xiao, Yongzhi

    2018-02-12

    Harikyuuhousouyou （《》）was written in 1827 and the author is unknown. The book has only one version which is collected by the National Library of Vietnam. The book contains one volume and includes contraindication of acupuncture and moxibustion, meridian points, point locations, indications and the therapeutic methods at extraordinary points. They are mainly cited from Zhen Jiu Da Quan (《》 Great Compendium on Acupuncture and Moxibustion ) by XU Feng , Yi Xue Ru Men (《》 Elementary Medicine ) by LI Chan and Shou Shi Bao Yuan (《》 Longevity and Health Preservation ) by GONG Tingxian in the Ming Dynasty. In the paper, in view of the characteristics of version and compilation, the hand-coped book was introduced. It was explored that Vietnam acupuncture absorbed Chinese medicine and emphasized clinical practice rather than theoretic statement.

  10. Comparative genomics of Cluster O mycobacteriophages.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Steven G Cresawn

    Full Text Available Mycobacteriophages--viruses of mycobacterial hosts--are genetically diverse but morphologically are all classified in the Caudovirales with double-stranded DNA and tails. We describe here a group of five closely related mycobacteriophages--Corndog, Catdawg, Dylan, Firecracker, and YungJamal--designated as Cluster O with long flexible tails but with unusual prolate capsids. Proteomic analysis of phage Corndog particles, Catdawg particles, and Corndog-infected cells confirms expression of half of the predicted gene products and indicates a non-canonical mechanism for translation of the Corndog tape measure protein. Bioinformatic analysis identifies 8-9 strongly predicted SigA promoters and all five Cluster O genomes contain more than 30 copies of a 17 bp repeat sequence with dyad symmetry located throughout the genomes. Comparison of the Cluster O phages provides insights into phage genome evolution including the processes of gene flux by horizontal genetic exchange.

  11. Acanthosis nigricans in obese adolescents: prevalence, impact, and management challenges

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ng HY

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Hak Yung Ng Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong, China Abstract: Obesity in adolescence is a public health priority because it usually tracks into adulthood, resulting in enormous medical and social costs. This underscores the importance of early identification and intervention. Acanthosis nigricans (AN was once considered a rare paraneoplastic dermatosis, but is now frequently observed in obese adolescents. Current understanding suggests that it is associated with insulin resistance and has a unique role in secondary prevention. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide a comprehensive overview of AN in obese adolescents, covering its history, current knowledge on the condition, its clinical significance, management challenges, and the direction of future research. Keywords: Differential diagnosis, screening, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolically healthy obesity, behavioral weight management, pharmacotherapy, bariatric surgery

  12. Outstanding Student Paper Awards

    Science.gov (United States)

    2004-04-01

    The following members in the Space Physics & Aeronomy Section received Outstanding Student Paper Awards at the 2003 AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco, California. Arve Aksnes; Aroh Barjatya; Jacob Bortnik; Amir Caspi; Ruben Delgado; Galen Fowler; Paul G. Hanlon; Sid Henderson; Tara B. Hiebert; Chia-Lin Huang; Steven P. Joy; Eun-Hwa Kim; Colby Lemon; Yingjuan Ma; Elizabeth A. MacDonald; Jaco Minnie; Mitsuo Oka; Yoshitaka Okazaki; Erin J. Rigler; Ina P. Robertson; Patrick A. Roddy; Sang-Il Roh; Albert Y. Shih; Christopher Smithtro; Emma Spanswick; Maria Spasojevic; Hiroki Tanaka; Linghua Wang; Deirdre E. Wendel; Jichun Zhang>

  13. Conformal sequestering simplified

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schmaltz, Martin; Sundrum, Raman

    2006-01-01

    Sequestering is important for obtaining flavor-universal soft masses in models where supersymmetry breaking is mediated at high scales. We construct a simple and robust class of hidden sector models which sequester themselves from the visible sector due to strong and conformally invariant hidden dynamics. Masses for hidden matter eventually break the conformal symmetry and lead to supersymmetry breaking by the mechanism recently discovered by Intriligator, Seiberg and Shih. We give a unified treatment of subtleties due to global symmetries of the CFT. There is enough review for the paper to constitute a self-contained account of conformal sequestering

  14. Forming China's new great wall

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Anon

    2000-08-01

    This one-page article discusses some of the machinery being used for concrete pouring at the Three Gorges hydro project in China, where the total amount of concrete used will total 5.4M m{sup 3} and the monthly pouring rate is 450,000 m{sup 3} . China Gezhouba Construction Group and the Ching Yung Joint Venture are constructing the spillway and dam and the 378 Joint Venture is responsible for the power house. All four main contractors are employing D22 dam formwork. Two purpose built Potain MD 2200 Topbelt tower cranes are used for high volume concrete pouring. The cranes have a lifting capacity of 60 t or 22.8 t at 80 m and can pour concrete over a distance of up to 105 m at a rate of up to 400 m{sup 3} per hour over a radius of 80 m. The working platform, formwork element and dam formwork scaffold are linked in a single unit.

  15. An algorithm for preferential selection of spectroscopic targets in LEGUE

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Carlin, Jeffrey L.; Newberg, Heidi Jo; Lépine, Sébastien; Deng Licai; Chen Yuqin; Fu Xiaoting; Gao Shuang; Li Jing; Liu Chao; Beers, Timothy C.; Christlieb, Norbert; Grillmair, Carl J.; Guhathakurta, Puragra; Han Zhanwen; Hou Jinliang; Lee, Hsu-Tai; Liu Xiaowei; Pan Kaike; Sellwood, J. A.; Wang Hongchi

    2012-01-01

    We describe a general target selection algorithm that is applicable to any survey in which the number of available candidates is much larger than the number of objects to be observed. This routine aims to achieve a balance between a smoothly-varying, well-understood selection function and the desire to preferentially select certain types of targets. Some target-selection examples are shown that illustrate different possibilities of emphasis functions. Although it is generally applicable, the algorithm was developed specifically for the LAMOST Experiment for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (LEGUE) survey that will be carried out using the Chinese Guo Shou Jing Telescope. In particular, this algorithm was designed for the portion of LEGUE targeting the Galactic halo, in which we attempt to balance a variety of science goals that require stars at fainter magnitudes than can be completely sampled by LAMOST. This algorithm has been implemented for the halo portion of the LAMOST pilot survey, which began in October 2011.

  16. Dark Energy in Practice

    CERN Document Server

    Sapone, Domenico

    2010-01-01

    In this paper we review a part of the approaches that have been considered to explain the extraordinary discovery of the late time acceleration of the Universe. We discuss the arguments that have led physicists and astronomers to accept dark energy as the current preferable candidate to explain the acceleration. We highlight the problems and the attempts to overcome the difficulties related to such a component. We also consider alternative theories capable of explaining the acceleration of the Universe, such as modification of gravity. We compare the two approaches and point out the observational consequences, reaching the sad but foresightful conclusion that we will not be able to distinguish between a Universe filled by dark energy or a Universe where gravity is different from General Relativity. We review the present observations and discuss the future experiments that will help us to learn more about our Universe. This is not intended to be a complete list of all the dark energy models but this paper shou...

  17. Popper's Experiment: A Modern Perspective

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tabish Qureshi

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Karl Popper had proposed an experiment to test the standard interpretation of quantum mechanics. The proposal survived for many year in the midst of no clear consensus on what results it would yield. The experiment was realized by Kim and Shih in 1999, and the apparently surprising result led to lot of debate. We review Popper's proposal and its realization in the light of current era when entanglement has been well studied, both theoretically and experimentally. We show that the "ghost-diffraction" experiment, carried out in a different context, conclusively resolves the controversy surrounding Popper's experiment. Quanta 2012; 1: 19–32.

  18. Contribution of Fuzzy Minimal Cost Flow Problem by Possibility Programming

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    S. Fanati Rashidi

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Using the concept of possibility proposed by zadeh, luhandjula ([4,8] and buckley ([1] have proposed the possibility programming. The formulation of buckley results in nonlinear programming problems. Negi [6]re-formulated the approach of Buckley by the use of trapezoidal fuzzy numbers and reduced the problem into fuzzy linear programming problem. Shih and Lee ([7] used the Negi approach to solve a minimum cost flow problem, whit fuzzy costs and the upper and lower bound. In this paper we shall consider the general form of this problem where all of the parameters and variables are fuzzy and also a model for solving is proposed

  19. Migration of a retained surgical swab into the jejunum in a dog.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Day, J L; Pechman, R D; Bahr, R J

    2012-12-01

    A two-year-old spayed female shih-tzu was referred with a 10-month history of lethargy, chronic diarrhoea and weight loss. On presentation, a partial response to antibiotics was noted. Physical examination revealed an abdominal mass, and serum biochemistry and haematology revealed a mature neutrophilia, hypoalbuminaemia and a non-regenerative anaemia. Contrast radiography and abdominal ultrasound were suggestive of an intraluminal foreign body. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a surgical swab in the lumen of the jejunum that was associated with severe adhesions. Histopathology showed evidence of transmural migration of the swab from the peritoneal cavity to the lumen of the jejunum. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.

  20. RADIATION THERAPY COMMUNICATION-REIRRADIATION OF A NASAL TUMOR IN A BRACHYCEPHALIC DOG USING INTENSITY MODULATED RADIATION THERAPY.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rancilio, Nicholas J; Custead, Michelle R; Poulson, Jean M

    2016-09-01

    A 5-year-old spayed female Shih Tzu was referred for evaluation of a nasal transitional carcinoma. A total lifetime dose of 117 Gy was delivered to the intranasal mass in three courses over nearly 2 years using fractionated intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) to spare normal tissues. Clinically significant late normal tissue side effects were limited to bilaterally diminished tear production. The patient died of metastatic disease progression 694 days after completion of radiation therapy course 1. This case demonstrates that retreatment with radiation therapy to high lifetime doses for recurrent local disease may be well tolerated with IMRT. © 2016 American College of Veterinary Radiology.

  1. Fracture mechanics performance of UF6 containers

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gonzalez, M.E.; Iorio, A.F.; Crespi, J.C.

    1993-01-01

    The main purpose of this work was to determine the fracture mechanics performance of UF 6 transport cylinders type ANSI N14.1.30B, which was made from ASTM A 516 Grade 70 steel. It was assumed an internal surface axial crack subjected to stresses due to service, proof and transport accident loads. The KUMAR-GERMAN-SHIH elastoplastic methodology gave adequate results for crack depth estimation. The results validate the leak-before-break criteria for service and proof conditions but not for accident ones. In the last case a non-destructive examination must be done in order to assure the absence of defects larger than one third of the cylinder wall thickness. (Author)

  2. Comparative Measurements of the Photon Detection Efficiency of KETEK SiPM Detectors for the LHCb SciFi Upgrade Project

    CERN Document Server

    Joram, Christian

    2014-01-01

    The LHCb SciFi detector is conceived to employ arrays of SiPM detectors to detect scintillation light from ribbons of 2.5 m long scintillating fibres of 250 $\\mu$m diameter. The fibres of type Kuraray SCSF-78 are blue emitting with an emission maximum at 440 nm. However, as a consequence of the radiation damage mainly from charged hadrons in the LHCb experiments, the effective emission spectrum at the end of the fibre will shift to longer wavelengths. A simulation of the light absorption in the fibre, assuming an ionizing dose distribution along the fibre as predicted by the FLUKA code, is able to predict the emission spectrum. Fig. 1 shows the emission spectra (in arbitrary units) for 10 cm intervals along the fibre. At 250 cm, where the ionization dose is expected to reach over the full lifetime of the upgrade LHCb detector about 30 kGy, the average wavelength of emission is approximately 500 nm. The sensitivity spectrum of the SiPM detector should be tuned to match this emission spectrum, i.e. the PDE shou...

  3. Interim Design Report

    CERN Document Server

    Choubey, S.; Goswami, S.; Berg, J.S.; Fernow, R.; Gallardo, J.C.; Gupta, R.; Kirk, H.; Simos, N.; Souchlas, N.; Ellis, M.; Kyberd, P.; Benedetto, E.; Fernandez-Martinez, E.; Efthymiopoulos, I.; Garoby, R.; Gilardoni, S.; Martini, M.; Prior, G.; Ballett, P.; Pascoli, S.; Bross, A.; Geer, S.; Johnstone, C.; Kopp, J.; Mokhov, N.; Morfin, J.; Neuffer, D.; Parke, S.; Popovic, M.; Strait, J.; Striganov, S.; Blondel, A.; Dufour, F.; Laing, A.; Soler, F.J.P; Lindner, M.; Schwetz, T.; Alekou, A.; Apollonio, M.; Aslaninejad, M.; Bontoiu, C.; Dornan, P.; Eccleston, R.; Kurup, A.; Long, K.; Pasternak, J.; Pozimski, J.; Bogacz, A.; Morozov, V.; Roblin, Y.; Bhattacharya, S.; Majumdar, D.; Mori, Y.; Planche, T.; Zisman, M.; Cline, D.; Stratakis, D.; Ding, X.; Coloma, P.; Donini, A.; Gavela, B.; Lopez Pavon, J.; Maltoni, M.; Bromberg, C.; Bonesini, M.; Hart, T.; Kudenko, Y.; Mondal, N.; Antusch, S.; Blennow, M.; Ota, T.; Abrams, R.J.; Ankenbrandt, C.M.; Beard, K.B.; Cummings, M.A.C.; Flanagan, G.; Johnson, R.P.; Roberts, T.J.; Yoshikawa, C.Y.; Migliozzi, P.; Palladino, V.; de Gouvea, A.; Graves, V.B.; Kuno, Y.; Peltoniemi, J.; Blackmore, V.; Cobb, J.; Witte, H.; Mezzetto, M.; Rigolin, S.; McDonald, K.T.; Coney, L.; Hanson, G.; Snopok, P.; Tortora, L.; Andreopoulos, C.; Bennett, J.R.J.; Brooks, S.; Caretta, O.; Davenne, T.; Densham, C.; Edgecock, R.; Kelliher, D.; Loveridge, P.; McFarland, A.; Machida, S.; Prior, C.; Rees, G.; Rogers, C.; Thomason, J.W.G.; Booth, C.; Skoro, G.; Karadzhov, Y.; Matev, R.; Tsenov, R.; Samulyak, R.; Mishra, S.R.; Petti, R.; Dracos, M.; Yasuda, O.; Agarwalla, S.K.; Cervera-Villanueva, A.; Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.; Hernandez, P.; Li, T.; Martin-Albo, J.; Huber, P.; Back, J.; Barker, G.; Harrison, P.; Meloni, D.; Tang, J.; Winter, W.

    2011-01-01

    The International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (the IDS-NF) was established by the community at the ninth "International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, super-beams, and beta- beams" which was held in Okayama in August 2007. The IDS-NF mandate is to deliver the Reference Design Report (RDR) for the facility on the timescale of 2012/13. In addition, the mandate for the study [3] requires an Interim Design Report to be delivered midway through the project as a step on the way to the RDR. This document, the IDR, has two functions: it marks the point in the IDS-NF at which the emphasis turns to the engineering studies required to deliver the RDR and it documents baseline concepts for the accelerator complex, the neutrino detectors, and the instrumentation systems. The IDS-NF is, in essence, a site-independent study. Example sites, CERN, FNAL, and RAL, have been identified to allow site-specific issues to be addressed in the cost analysis that will be presented in the RDR. The choice of example sites shou...

  4. An NPARC Turbulence Module with Wall Functions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, J.; Shih, T.-H.

    1997-01-01

    The turbulence module recently developed for the NPARC code has been extended to include wall functions. The Van Driest transformation is used so that the wall functions can be applied to both incompressible and compressible flows. The module is equipped with three two-equation K-epsilon turbulence models: Chien, Shih-Lumley and CMOTR models. Details of the wall functions as well as their numerical implementation are reported. It is shown that the inappropriate artificial viscosity in the near-wall region has a big influence on the solution of the wall function approach. A simple way to eliminate this influence is proposed, which gives satisfactory results during the code validation. The module can be easily linked to the NPARC code for practical applications.

  5. Treatment of a unicameral bone cyst in a dog using a customized titanium device.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nojiri, Ayami; Akiyoshi, Hideo; Ohashi, Fumihito; Ijiri, Atsuki; Sawase, Osamu; Matsushita, Tomiharu; Takemoto, Mitsuru; Fujibayashi, Shunsuke; Nakamura, Takashi; Yamaguchi, Tsutomu

    2015-01-01

    A 4-year-old Shih-Tzu, referred for an enlarged left carpus, was diagnosed with a unicameral bone cyst. A customized titanium device was inserted into cystic lesion and fixed by titanium screws. Sufficient strength of the affected bone with the device inserted to maintain limb function was established after resection of contents of cystic lesion. There was no deterioration of the lesion of bone cyst, and acceptable function of the affected limb with no clinical signs of lameness was maintained during 36 months follow-up. The results of this study demonstrated that bone cyst curettage and use of a customized titanium device could provide an effective alternative treatment of huge lesion of unicameral bone cysts with the intent of preventing pathologic fractures.

  6. Indigenous Communities and Cross­Strait Rapprochement: A Case Study of Chun­-ri and Shih-­wen

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andi Kao

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Absent from most public debates on Taiwan’s embrace of neoliberal capitalism are the potential consequences of economic liberalization for Taiwan’s indigenous peoples. Deregulating markets and unfettering capital and resources are tied inextricably with cross-Strait politics. With a deep-seated apprehension of China still felt in many corners of the Taiwanese society, these issues are often framed with particular emphasis on the “China Factor”, overshadowing other relevant economic and societal considerations and thereby narrowing the scope of debate over government policies. Nevertheless, the potential influx of foreign capital investment, long- and short-term migrant labor and international visitors may have profound effects on Taiwan’s most vulnerable citizens, including the indigenous peoples. This paper will report the results of field research conducted among the Paiwan ethnic group, assessing actual and potential future changes affecting their individual families and communities. Preliminary assessment indicates that official policies liberalizing visitation and trade between China and Taiwan have already affected the Paiwan communities. Whether these changes become handicaps or opportunities depends on realistic evaluation, strategic planning, education, implementation, and periodic re-evaluation. This paper will contribute to the larger discussion of possible responses to the effects of inter-regional migration and transformations on minority societies by providing an assessment of current and potential conditions among the Paiwan of Taiwan.

  7. Chinese strategic culture, Shih and Li: a comparison of the Kuomintang and Chinese Communist Party from 1923-1927

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-05-26

    contended that a time comes when “society can no longer live under this bourgeoisie , in other words, its existence is no longer compatible with society...said, “The first stage of revolution is the restriction of absolutism, which satisfies the bourgeoisie ; the second is the attainment of the republic...which satisfies the “people,” the peasantry and the petty bourgeoisie at large; the third is the socialist revolution, which alone can satisfy the

  8. Realism in the Realized Popper's Experiment

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hunter, Geoffrey

    2002-12-01

    The realization of Karl Popper's EPR-like experiment by Shih and Kim (published 1999) produced the result that Popper hoped for: no ``action at a distance'' on one photon of an entangled pair when a measurement is made on the other photon. This experimental result is interpretable in local realistic terms: each photon has a definite position and transverse momentum most of the time; the position measurement on one photon (localization within a slit) disturbs the transverse momentum of that photon in a non-predictable way in accordance with the uncertainty principle; however, there is no effect on the other photon (the photon that is not in a slit) no action at a distance. The position measurement (localization within a slit) of the one photon destroys the coherence (entanglement) between the photons; i.e. decoherence occurs. This realistic (albeit retrodictive) interpretation of the Shih-Kim realization of what Popper called his ``crucial experiment'' is in accord with Bohr's original concept of the nature of the uncertainty principle, as being an inevitable effect of the disturbance of the measured system by the measuring apparatus. In this experiment the impact parameter of an incident photon with the centerline of the slit is an uncontrollable parameter of each individual photon scattering event; this impact parameter is variable for every incident photon, the variations being a statistical aspect of the beam of photons produced by the experimental arrangement. These experimental results are also in accord with the proposition of Einstein, Podolski and Rosen's 1935 paper: that quantum mechanics provides only a statistical, physically incomplete, theory of microscopic physical processes, for the quantum mechanical description of the experiment does not describe or explain the individual photon scattering events that are actually observed; the angle by which an individual photon is scattered is not predictable, because the photon's impact parameter with the

  9. La armonía entre la filosofía y el sufismo: Sohravardi.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Josep Puig Montada

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Sohravardi, Shiháb ad-DínYa~yá Suhrawardi (1155-1191 desarrolló una filosofia basada en el principio simbólico de la luz, y expuesta en su obra Sabiduría de la iluminación, en particular, pero exigió estudiar la filosofia de raíz aviceniana para entenderla. En este trabajo se utilizan en particular dos obras de Sohravardi posteriores a la misma, Las estaciones de los sufles, que como e] título indica es intuitiva, y eJ Libro de los destellos, que es argumentativa y aviceniana, y que él a menudo acusa de "peripatética" para poner de manifiesto cómo para él toda forma de filosofia es inseparable de la aplicación gnóstica.

  10. A Comparative Study on Cooperative Learning in Multimedia and Network Environment Used by English Majors between China Mainland and Taiwan

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gong Xue

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available This paper first based on the theory of cooperative learning research. It analyses the characteristics and advantages of cooperative learning under the multimedia network environment.And then take China Three Gorges University and Taiwan I-Shou University English major students for example, using questionnaires and interviews to investigate the students's cooperative learning in the network environment. Survey results showed that cooperative learning teaching mode has been widely used in English classrooms across the Taiwan Strait. Students think highly of cooperative learning in the multimedia-aided, and it can have a positive effect on learning; but on cooperative learning ability and the specific learning process, students still have some problems.Nowadays,cooperative learning in the network environment has various ways, but there exist certain differences in the learning styles across the Strait. Taiwan students rely more on teachers’ help and teachers feedback, while students in mainland depend mainly on networking and panel discussion. On qualitative analysis of interview is a supplement to the questionnaire and further explore its deeper causes, which provide valuable evidence for the study and learning practice. Finally, according to the comparative analysis ,the author puts forward some constructive suggestions.

  11. WHITE-DWARF-MAIN-SEQUENCE BINARIES IDENTIFIED FROM THE LAMOST PILOT SURVEY

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ren Juanjuan; Luo Ali; Li Yinbi; Wei Peng; Zhao Jingkun; Zhao Yongheng; Song Yihan; Zhao Gang

    2013-01-01

    We present a set of white-dwarf-main-sequence (WDMS) binaries identified spectroscopically from the Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) pilot survey. We develop a color selection criteria based on what is so far the largest and most complete Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR7 WDMS binary catalog and identify 28 WDMS binaries within the LAMOST pilot survey. The primaries in our binary sample are mostly DA white dwarfs except for one DB white dwarf. We derive the stellar atmospheric parameters, masses, and radii for the two components of 10 of our binaries. We also provide cooling ages for the white dwarf primaries as well as the spectral types for the companion stars of these 10 WDMS binaries. These binaries tend to contain hot white dwarfs and early-type companions. Through cross-identification, we note that nine binaries in our sample have been published in the SDSS DR7 WDMS binary catalog. Nineteen spectroscopic WDMS binaries identified by the LAMOST pilot survey are new. Using the 3σ radial velocity variation as a criterion, we find two post-common-envelope binary candidates from our WDMS binary sample

  12. Herbal Weight Loss Pill Overdose: Sibutramine Hidden in Pepper Pill

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    Gul Pamukcu Gunaydin

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Supposedly herbal weight loss pills are sold online and are widely used in the world. Some of these products are found to contain sibutramine by FDA and their sale is prohibited. We report a case of a female patient who presented to the emergency department after taking slimming pills. 17-year-old female patient presented to the emergency room with palpitations, dizziness, anxiety, and insomnia. She stated that she had taken 3 pills named La Jiao Shou Shen for slimming purposes during the day. Her vital signs revealed tachycardia. On her physical examination, she was restless, her oropharynx was dry, her pupils were mydriatic, and no other pathological findings were found. Sibutramine intoxication was suspected. She was given 5 mg IV diazepam for restlessness. After supportive therapy and observation in emergency department for 12 hours there were no complications and the patient was discharged home. Some herbal pills that are sold online for weight loss have sibutramine hidden as an active ingredient, and their sale is prohibited for this reason. For people who use herbal weight loss drugs, sibutramine excessive intake should be kept in mind at all times.

  13. Transient Fanconi syndrome with severe polyuria and polydipsia in a 4-year old Shih Tzu fed chicken jerky treats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Major, A; Schweighauser, A; Hinden, S E; Francey, T

    2014-12-01

    Acquired Fanconi syndrome is characterized by inappropriate urinary loss of amino acids, bicarbonate, electrolytes, and water. It has recently been described in dogs fed chicken jerky treats from China, a new differential diagnosis to the classical inciting infectious diseases (e.g. leptospirosis, pyelonephritis) and toxins. A dog fed exclusively chicken jerky treats purchased in Switzerland was presented to our clinic with severe polyuria, polydipsia and profound electrolyte and acid base disturbances. Other inciting causes of Fanconi syndrome were ruled out. The requirement of a very intensive supportive treatment in this dog stands in contrast to treatment of chronic forms of Fanconi syndrome as described in the Basenji. This intensive therapy and the associated monitoring can be a real challenge and a limiting factor for the prognosis of acquired Fanconi syndrome. Veterinarians should be aware of the risk of excessive feeding of chicken jerky treats.

  14. Steady-state crack growth in single crystals under Mode I loading

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Juul, Kristian Jørgensen; Nielsen, Kim Lau; Niordson, Christian Frithiof

    2017-01-01

    The active plastic zone that surrounds the tip of a sharp crack growing under plane strain Mode I loading conditions at a constant velocity in a single crystal is studied. Both the characteristics of the plastic zone and its effect on the macroscopic toughness is investigated in terms of crack tip...... that the largest shielding effect develops in HCP crystals, while the lowest shielding exists for FCC crystals. Rate-sensitivity is found to affect the plastic zone size, but the characteristics overall remain similar for each individual crystal structure. An increasing rate-sensitivity at low crack velocities...... shielding due to plasticity (quantified by employing the Suo, Shih, and Varias set-up). Three single crystals (FCC, BCC, HCP) are modelled in a steady-state elastic visco-plastic framework, with emphasis on the influence of rate-sensitivity and crystal structures. Distinct velocity discontinuities...

  15. Erken Tabgaç (T’o-pa Tarihinin Ana Hatları (Wei Shu’nun İlk Bölümüne Göre Outlines of Early Tabgach (T’o-pa History (According to First Chapter of Wei Shu

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kürşat YILDIRIM

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available The History of Tabgach Turks who recorded in Chinese sources under the name of T’o-pa is little known. Tabgachs dominated on Northern China in 386 AD, governed China for nearly two centuries and finally disappeared from the stage of history by becoming Chinese people. Some scholars investigated this period of Tabgachs. However, their emergence to stage of history and their history until 386 AD are little studied. Tabgachs begun to take place in the Chinese sources in years about 160-170. They strengthened their state formation anddominated on all of their neighbors in the period of Li-wei (220-277.They established Tai State under the reign of I-lu in 314 and this statelasted until 376. Especially in the reign of Shih-i-chien (338-376,Tabgach State strengthened and extended its domination from Liaoningin east to Ferghana in west. Largest state formation of Tabgachs isNorthern Wei State that dominated all of China and later becameChinese. Our article aims to study this period lasted until 386 based onfirst chapter of Wei Shu that is official dynastic history of TabgachDynasty. Besides this, it is applied to main sources as Shih Chi, HanShu, Hou Han Shu, San Kuo Chih, Chin Shu, T’ai P’ing Yü Lan, Ts’e FuYüan Kuei, T’ung Chih, Wen Hsien T’ung Kao, Tzu Chih T’ung Chien,T’ung Tien and research studies. We hope to contribute to later studieson political history, linguistics, cultural history about Tabgachs withour study in General Turkic History. Çin kaynaklarında T’o-pa adı altında kaydedilen Tabgaç Türklerinin tarihleri az bilinmektedir. Tabgaçlar M.S. 386 yılında Kuzey Çin’e hâkim oldular, yaklaşık iki yüzyıl Çin’i idâre ettiler ve nihayetinde Çinlileşip tarih sahnesinden çekildiler. Bazı âlimler Tabgaçların bu devrini incelemişlerdir. Bununla beraber Tabgaçların tarih sahnesine çıkışları ve 386 yılına kadar olan tarihleri pek çalışılmamıştır. Tabgaçlar 160-170 yıllarında

  16. 專論／大學社群之共同故事萃取研究／阮明淑 | The Study on Extraction of Common Organizational Story within University Community / Ming-Shu Yuan

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    阮明淑 Ming-Shu Yuan

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available

    說故事(storytelling為人類傳承文化及智慧的一種方式。在組織中，透過說故事能有效的轉移內隱知識，促進組織內外的溝通及學習，並有 助於組織價值的建立。大學是創新知識的重要來源之一，在知識經濟時代中佔有重要地位，若能善加利用說故事之方式，必能更有效傳播大學之理念、精神與文化。 因此本研究以世新大學為個案研究，使用深度訪談法萃取大學社群之組織共同故事，及共同故事對社群成員的意義與價值。研究結果歸納出六類世新大學之組織共同 故事，而其中，創辦人對於世新大學組織中之資深教職員影響深遠。

    Storytelling is a way of passing on wisdom and culture. In an organization, storytelling can transfer tacit knowledge effectively, improve communication and learning among members, and create organization value. Universities are important resources of innovative knowledge in the age of knowledge-based economy. The idea, spirit, and culture of universities can be conveyed effectively by storytelling. Based on the in-depth interviews, this study extracts common stories within university community and the meaning and value of those stories. Shih Hsin university is the survey object in this study. The result indicates that there are 6 types of common story in Shih Hsin University. furthermore, the common story about the founder of the institute has the greatest influence in the organization.

    頁次：64-80

  17. Liposome-based polymer complex as a novel adjuvant: enhancement of specific antibody production and isotype switch

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    Chen CH

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Chia-Hung Chen1,*, Yu-Ling Lin1,*, Yen-Ku Liu1, Pei-Juin He2, Ching-Min Lin1, Yi-Han Chiu2, Chang-Jer Wu3, Tian-Lu Cheng4, Shih-Jen Liu5,6,**, Kuang-Wen Liao1,2,**1Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, 2Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 3Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 4Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 5National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 6Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, , *Chia-Hung Chen and Yu-Ling Lin contributed equally to this work**Kuang-Wen Liao and Shih-Jen Liu contributed equally to this workAbstract: The aim of vaccination is to induce appropriate immunity against pathogens. Antibody-mediated immunity is critical for protection against many virus diseases, although it is becoming more evident that coordinated, multifunctional immune responses lead to the most effective defense. Specific antibody (Ab isotypes are more efficient at protecting against pathogen invasion in different locations in the body. For example, compared to other Ab isotypes, immunoglobulin (Ig A provides more protection at mucosal areas. In this study, we developed a cationic lipopolymer (liposome-polyethylene glycol-polyethyleneimine complex [LPPC] adjuvant that strongly adsorbs antigens or immunomodulators onto its surface to enhance or switch immune responses. The results demonstrate that LPPC enhances uptake ability, surface marker expression, proinflammatory cytokine release, and antigen presentation in mouse phagocytes. In contrast to Freund's adjuvant, LPPC preferentially activates Th1-immunity against antigens in vivo. With lipopolysaccharides or CpG oligodeoxynucleotides, LPPC dramatically enhances the IgA or IgG2A proportion of total Ig, even in hosts that have developed

  18. Frequency of fungi in dogs with mycoses in a veterinary clinic from Callao, Peru

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    Luján-Roca, D.Á.

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Mycoses affecting dogs are widely distributed worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of fungi isolated from dogs. A retrospective study was performed to determine the main mycoses that affected dogs at a private veterinary clinic in Callao, Peru. Isolates were collected from skin and ear from 2003 to 2012. Fungi species were identified by standard microbiological techniques. A total of 54 fungi were isolated from 124 mycological studies; the most prevalent fungal species were Malassezia pachydermatis (51.86 % and Microsporum canis (27.78 %. The principal breeds affected were mongrel (31.52 %, boxer (11.1% and shih tzu (11.1 %. M. pachydermatis represented 58.8 % and 43.2 % of isolates in mongrel breed and in skin samples respectively. M. pachydermatis was the most frequent fungus getting >50 % of all isolates. Microsporum canis and Aspergillus spp. had >40 % presence.

  19. Comments on general gauge mediation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Intriligator, Kenneth; Sudano, Matthew

    2008-01-01

    There has been interest in generalizing models of gauge mediation of supersymmetry breaking. As shown by Meade, Seiberg, and Shih (MSS), the soft masses of general gauge mediation can be expressed in terms of the current two-point functions of the susy-breaking sector. We here give a simple extension of their result which provides, for general gauge mediation, the full effective potential for squark pseudo-D-flat directions. The effective potential reduces to the sfermion soft masses near the origin, and the full potential, away from the origin, can be useful for cosmological applications. We also generalize the soft masses and effective potential to allow for general gauge mediation by Higgsed gauge groups. Finally, we discuss general gauge mediation in the limit of small F-terms, and how the results of MSS connect with the analytic continuation in superspace results, based on a spurion analysis.

  20. Rate sensitivity of mixed mode interface toughness of dissimilar metallic materials: Studied at steady state

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielsen, Kim Lau; Niordson, Christian Frithiof

    2012-01-01

    the SSV model [Suo, Z., Shih, C., Varias, A., 1993. A theory for cleavage cracking in the presence of plastic flow. Acta Metall. Mater. 41, 1551–1557] embedded in a steady state finite element formulation, here assuming plane strain conditions and small-scale yielding. Results are presented for a wide......Crack propagation in metallic materials produces plastic dissipation when material in front for the crack tip enters the active plastic zone traveling with the tip, and later ends up being part of the residual plastic strain wake. Thus, the macroscopic work required to advance the crack...... is typically much larger than the work needed in the near tip fracture process. For rate sensitive materials, the amount of plastic dissipation typically depends on the rate at which the material is deformed. A dependency on the crack velocity should therefore be expected. The objective of this paper...

  1. Summer fluxes of atmospheric greenhouse gases N{sub 2}O, CH{sub 4} and CO{sub 2} from mangrove soil in South China

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chen, G.C. [Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR (China); Tam, N.F.Y., E-mail: bhntam@cityu.edu.hk [Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR (China); Ye, Y. [State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian (China)

    2010-06-01

    The atmospheric fluxes of N{sub 2}O, CH{sub 4} and CO{sub 2} from the soil in four mangrove swamps in Shenzhen and Hong Kong, South China were investigated in the summer of 2008. The fluxes ranged from 0.14 to 23.83 {mu}mol m{sup -2} h{sup -1}, 11.9 to 5168.6 {mu}mol m{sup -2} h{sup -1} and 0.69 to 20.56 mmol m{sup -2} h{sup -1} for N{sub 2}O, CH{sub 4} and CO{sub 2}, respectively. Futian mangrove swamp in Shenzhen had the highest greenhouse gas fluxes, followed by Mai Po mangrove in Hong Kong. Sha Kong Tsuen and Yung Shue O mangroves in Hong Kong had similar, low fluxes. The differences in both N{sub 2}O and CH{sub 4} fluxes among different tidal positions, the landward, seaward and bare mudflat, in each swamp were insignificant. The N{sub 2}O and CO{sub 2} fluxes were positively correlated with the soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphate, total iron and NH{sub 4}{sup +}-N contents, as well as the soil porosity. However, only soil NH{sub 4}{sup +}-N concentration had significant effects on CH{sub 4} fluxes.

  2. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of six edible wild plants (Sonchus spp.) in China.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xia, Dao-Zong; Yu, Xin-Fen; Zhu, Zhuo-Ying; Zou, Zhuang-Dan

    2011-12-01

    The total phenolic and flavonoid, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of six Sonchus wild vegetables (Sonchus oleraceus L., Sonchus arvensis L., Sonchus asper (L.) Hill., Sonchus uliginosus M.B., Sonchus brachyotus DC. and Sonchus lingianus Shih) in China were investigated. The results revealed that S. arvensis extract and S. oleraceus extract contained the highest amount of phenolic and flavonoid, respectively. Among the methanol extracts of six Sonchus species, S. arvensis extract exhibited the highest radical (DPPH and ABTS+ scavenging power and lipid peroxidation inhibitory power. It also exhibited the highest reducing power at 500 µg mL⁻¹ by A (700) = 0.80. The results of antibacterial test indicated that the S. oleraceus extract showed higher activity than the other five Sonchus wild vegetables extracts, both in Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and Vibrio parahaemolyticus) and in a Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus). These results indicate that Sonchus wild food plants might be applicable in natural medicine and healthy food.

  3. Documenting the prevalence of hiatal hernia and oesophageal abnormalities in brachycephalic dogs using fluoroscopy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reeve, E J; Sutton, D; Friend, E J; Warren-Smith, C M R

    2017-12-01

    To report the prevalence of abnormal fluoroscopic findings in brachycephalic dogs that were presented to a referral hospital for obstructive airway syndrome. Hospital records between May 2013 and November 2015 identified 36 brachycephalic dogs investigated for obstructive airway disease: 21 French bulldogs, six bulldogs, four Boston terriers, two pugs, two boxers and one shih-tzu. The presence or absence of hiatal hernia, delayed oesophageal transit, gastro-oesophageal reflux and redundant oesophagus were recorded. Of the 36 dogs, 16 had hiatal hernia, all of which were French bulldogs; 31 dogs had delayed oesophageal transit time, 27 had gastro-oesophageal reflux, and four had redundant oesophagus. Clinical Significance: The prevalence of hiatal hernia is higher than expected in the French bulldog, and there was a high prevalence of oesophageal disease in this group in general. These results suggest a need to investigate similar cases for evidence of gastrointestinal disease that may also require attention. © 2017 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.

  4. Water and Stone: Contemporary Chinese Art and the Spirit Resonance of the World

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mary Bittner Wiseman

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available My claim that the new art in China operates at the level of matter and gesture, below that of discourse, is twofold. First, much of the art that is being made exemplifies principles articulated by Hsieh Ho (fifth century and Shih Tao (seventeenth century and refracted through the changes wrought by Mao in 1949 and Deng in 1979. Through their art, experimental Chinese artists ask what can art be in a world turned upside down, and what can it be to be artist in such a world and, in particular, to be a Chinese artist. Second, in the course of working through these questions, the artists have resorted to an art that is an operation on matter, a matter inseparable from energy, and it is the artist’s activity, as much as what issues from it, that puts the artist in lockstep with the movement of the world of the twenty-first century.

  5. PREFACE: 7th International Conference on Applied Electrostatics (ICAES-2012)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Jie

    2013-03-01

    ICAES is an important conference organized every four years by the Committee on Electrostatics of the Chinese Physical Society, which serves as a forum for scientists, educators and engineers interested in the fundamentals, applications, disasters and safety of electrostatics, etc. In recent years, new techniques, applications and fundamental theories on electrostatics have developed considerably. ICAES-7, held in Dalian, China, from 17-19 September 2012, aimed to provide a forum for all scholars to report the newest developments in electrostatics, to probe the questions that scholars faced and to discuss fresh ideas related to electrostatics. ICAES-7 was co-organized and hosted by Dalian University of Technology, and was sponsored by the Ministry of Education of China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Dalian University of Technology, Nanjing Suman Electronics Co. Ltd (Suman, China), Shekonic (Yangzhou Shuanghong, China) Electric/Mechanical Co. Ltd, and Suzhou TA&A Ultra Clean Technology Co. Ltd. (China). On behalf of the organizing committee of ICAES-7, I express my great appreciation for their support of the conference. Over 160 scholars and engineers from many countries including Croatia, The Czech Republic, D.P.R. Korea, Germany, Japan, Malaysia, Poland, Russia, the United States of America, China attended ICAES-7, and the conference collected and selected 149 papers for publication. The subjects of those papers cover the fundamentals of electrostatics, electrostatic disaster and safety, and electrostatic application (e.g. precipitation, pollutant control, biological treatment, mixture separation and food processing, etc). I cordially thank all authors and attendees for their support, and my appreciation is also given to the conference honorary chair, the organizing committee and advisory committee, and the conference secretaries for their hard work. ICAES-7 is dedicated to the memory of Professor Jen-Shih Chang (professor emeritus in the

  6. Rescuing apoptotic neurons in Alzheimer’s disease using wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated and cardiolipin-conjugated liposomes with encapsulated nerve growth factor and curcumin

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kuo YC

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Yung-Chih Kuo, Ching-Chun Lin Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China Abstract: Liposomes with cardiolipin (CL and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA were developed to permeate the blood–brain barrier and treat Alzheimer’s disease. WGA-conjugated and CL-incorporated liposomes (WGA-CL-liposomes were used to transport nerve growth factor (NGF and curcumin (CUR across a monolayer of human brain-microvascular endothelial cells regulated by human astrocytes and to protect SK-N-MC cells against apoptosis induced by ß-amyloid1–42 (Aß1–42 fibrils. An increase in the CL mole percentage in lipids increased the liposomal diameter, absolute zeta potential value, entrapment efficiency of NGF and CUR, release of NGF, biocompatibility, and viability of SK-N-MC cells with Aß1–42, but decreased the atomic ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus and release of CUR. In addition, an increase in the WGA concentration for grafting enhanced the liposomal diameter, atomic ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus, and permeability of NGF and CUR across the blood–brain barrier, but reduced the absolute zeta potential value and biocompatibility. WGA-CL-liposomes carrying NGF and CUR could be promising colloidal delivery carriers for future clinical application in targeting the blood–brain barrier and inhibiting neurotoxicity. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, nerve growth factor, curcumin, wheat germ agglutinin, cardiolipin, liposome

  7. LAMOST Experiment for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (LEGUE) — The survey's science plan

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Deng Licai; Liu Chao; Chen Yuqin; Li Jing; Newberg Heidi Jo; Carlin, Jeffrey L.; Beers, Timothy C.; Chen Li; Hou Jinliang; Christlieb, Norbert; Grillmair, Carl J.; Guhathakurta, Puragra; Han Zhanwen; Wang Bo; Lee, Hsu-Tai; Lépine, Sébastien; Liu Xiaowei; Pan Kaike; Sellwood, J. A.; Wang Hongchi

    2012-01-01

    We describe the current plans for a spectroscopic survey of millions of stars in the Milky Way galaxy using the Guo Shou Jing Telescope (GSJT, formerly called the Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope — LAMOST). The survey will obtain spectra for 2.5 million stars brighter than r < 19 during dark/grey time, and 5 million stars brighter than r < 17 or J < 16 on nights that are moonlit or have low transparency. The survey will begin in the fall of 2012, and will run for at least four years. The telescope's design constrains the optimal declination range for observations to 10° < δ < 50°, and site conditions lead to an emphasis on stars in the direction of the Galactic anticenter. The survey is divided into three parts with different target selection strategies: disk, anticenter, and spheroid. The resulting dataset will be used to study the merger history of the Milky Way, the substructure and evolution of the disks, the nature of the first generation of stars through identification of the lowest metallicity stars, and star formation through study of open clusters and OB associations. Detailed design of the LAMOST Experiment for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (LEGUE) survey will be completed in summer 2012, after a review of the results of the pilot survey.

  8. Porencephaly and cortical dysplasia as cause of seizures in a dog

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Machado Gisele Fabrino

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Seizures are a common problem in small animal neurology and it may be related to underlying diseases. Porencephaly is an extremely rare disorder, and in Veterinary Medicine it affects more often ruminants, with only few reports in dogs. Case presentation A one-year-old intact male Shih-Tzu dog was referred to Veterinary University Hospital with history of abnormal gait and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Signs included hypermetria, abnormal nystagmus and increased myotatic reflexes. At necropsy, during the brain analysis, a cleft was observed in the left parietal and occipital lobes, creating a communication between the subarachnoid space and the left lateral ventricle, consistent with porencephaly; and also a focal atrophy of the caudal paravermal and vermal portions of the cerebellum. Furthermore, the histological examination showed cortical and cerebellar neuronal dysplasia. Conclusions Reports of seizures due to porencephaly are rare in dogs. In this case, the dog presented a group of brain abnormalities which per se or in assemblage could result in seizure manifestation.

  9. Spontaneous nervous system concussion in dogs: a description of two cases and a review of terminology in veterinary medicine

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angelo Pasquale Giannuzzi

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available In human medicine, central nervous system (CNS concussion is defined as a transient neurological dysfunction following a traumatic event, without evidence of structural abnormalities of the affected region on advanced diagnostic imaging. Depending on the anatomical region involved, three forms of concussive syndromes are described: brain concussion, spinal concussion and cerebellar concussion. Although major textbooks of veterinary neurology admit the existence of canine brain concussion, spontaneous cases of this pathological condition have not been reported in small animals so far. This report describes two cases of concussion in dogs: a 9-month-old, intact male, shih-tzu with brain concussion; and a 10-month-old, intact male, poodle with cerebellar concussion. In addition, a brief review of the definition of the term “concussion” in the veterinary medical literature is provided, in comparison to its meaning in the human medical literature. Finally, this paper proposes an appropriate definition of “concussion” in dogs, that may facilitate clinicians in the recognition of such an elusive syndrome.

  10. Prediction of Equilibrium States of Kinematic and Thermal Fields in Homogeneous Turbulence Submitted To the Rotation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chebbi, Besma; Bouzaiane, Mounir; Lili, Taieb

    2009-01-01

    In this work, effects of rotation on the evolution of kinematic and thermal fields in homogeneous sheared turbulence are investigated using second order closure modeling. The Launder-Reece-Ro di models, the Speziale-Sarkar-Gatski model and the Shih-Lumley models are retained for pressure-strain correlation and pressure-temperature correlation. Whereas classic models are retained for time evolution equations of kinematic and thermal dissipation rates. The fourth order Runge-Kutta method is used to resolve three non linear differential systems obtained after modeling. The numerical integration is carried out separately for several values of the dimensionless rotation number R equal to 0, 0.25 and 0.5. The obtained results are compared to the recent results of Direct Numerical Simulations of G.Brethouwer. The results have confirmed the asymptotic equilibrium behaviors of kinematic and thermal dimensionless parameters. Furthermore they have shown that rotation affects not only kinematic field but also thermal field. The coupling between the Speziale-Sarkar-Gatski model and the Launder-Reece-Rodi model is of a big contribution on the prediction of kinematic and thermal fields

  11. Working memory components that predict word problem solving: Is it merely a function of reading, calculation, and fluid intelligence?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fung, Wenson; Swanson, H Lee

    2017-07-01

    The purpose of this study was to assess whether the differential effects of working memory (WM) components (the central executive, phonological loop, and visual-spatial sketchpad) on math word problem-solving accuracy in children (N = 413, ages 6-10) are completely mediated by reading, calculation, and fluid intelligence. The results indicated that all three WM components predicted word problem solving in the nonmediated model, but only the storage component of WM yielded a significant direct path to word problem-solving accuracy in the fully mediated model. Fluid intelligence was found to moderate the relationship between WM and word problem solving, whereas reading, calculation, and related skills (naming speed, domain-specific knowledge) completely mediated the influence of the executive system on problem-solving accuracy. Our results are consistent with findings suggesting that storage eliminates the predictive contribution of executive WM to various measures Colom, Rebollo, Abad, & Shih (Memory & Cognition, 34: 158-171, 2006). The findings suggest that the storage component of WM, rather than the executive component, has a direct path to higher-order processing in children.

  12. Early Solar System Alkali Fractionation Events Recorded by K-Ca Isotopes in the Yamato-74442 LL-Chondritic Breccia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tatsunori, T.; Misawa, K.; Okano, O.; Shih, C.-Y.; Nyquist, L. E.; Simon, J. I.; Tappa, M. J.; Yoneda, S.

    2015-01-01

    Radiogenic ingrowth of Ca-40 due to decay of K-40 occurred early in the solar system history causing the Ca-40 abundance to vary within different early-former reservoirs. Marshall and DePaolo ] demonstrated that the K-40/Ca-40 decay system could be a useful radiogenic tracer for studies of terrestrial rocks. Shih et al. [3,4] determined 40K/40Ca ages of lunar granitic rock fragments and discussed the chemical characteristics of their source materials. Recently, Yokoyama et al. [5] showed the application of the K-40/Ca-40 chronometer for high K/Ca materials in ordinary chondrites (OCs). High-precision calcium isotopic data are needed to constrain mixing processes among early solar system materials and the time of planetesimal formation. To better constrain the solar system calcium isotopic compositions among astromaterials, we have determined the calcium isotopic compositions of OCs and an angrite. We further estimated a source K/Ca ratio for alkali-rich fragments in a chondritic breccia using the estimated solar system initial Ca-40/Ca-44.

  13. POTRET TAMADDUN ISLAM DI NEGERI “TIRAI BAMBU”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Asmanidar Asmanidar

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available China is a very unique country, has a very old civilization and culture in the world. Under the glory and the strength “Great Wall”, China emperium kept a million secreet about Islamic history and civilization which started from Tang Dinasty, Sung Dinasty, Yuan Dinasty, Ming Dinasty up to Manchu Dinasty (Ching Dinasty. Actually, Islam in China, In the erliest days, brought through two ways by Arabian and Parsian traders, namely silk road and sea road. Even both of those ways had it’s own difficulties. One of the famous moslem who spreading and introducing Islam in that area that was Sa’ad bin Abi Waqas through “Silk Road” at least on 4th or 5th centuries based on several trusted resources. Sa’ad had a special respect from Yung Wei as a China emperor from Tang Dinasty at that time. Since then, gradually Islam stepped in foot in this area even dinasty to dinasty has been changed till China became Republic, and the Communist regime reigned China. However, the spirit of moslem minority in China was never faded out upto now. The Islamic preaching which was brought by brilliant and pious traders (Arabs and Parsians in 1.400 years ago, truely left the greatest influences, not only perceptions but also values of moslem society in China nowdays. Whether realize or not, the Chinese people have already adopted many knowledges from Islamic people from time to time.

  14. Mobile Phone Use in Psychiatry Residents in the United States: Multisite Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gipson, Shih; Torous, John; Boland, Robert; Conrad, Erich

    2017-11-01

    Mobile technology ownership in the general US population and medical professionals is increasing, leading to increased use in clinical settings. However, data on use of mobile technology by psychiatry residents remain unclear. In this study, our aim was to provide data on how psychiatric residents use mobile phones in their clinical education as well as barriers relating to technology use. An anonymous, multisite survey was given to psychiatry residents in 2 regions in the United States, including New Orleans and Boston, to understand their technology use. All participants owned mobile phones, and 79% (54/68) used them to access patient information. The majority do not use mobile phones to implement pharmacotherapy (62%, 42/68) or psychotherapy plans (90%, 61/68). The top 3 barriers to using mobile technology in clinical care were privacy concerns (56%, 38/68), lack of clinical guidance (40%, 27/68), and lack of evidence (29%, 20/68). We conclude that developing a technology curriculum and engaging in research could address these barriers to using mobile phones in clinical practice. ©Shih Gipson, John Torous, Robert Boland, Erich Conrad. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 01.11.2017.

  15. A Network Analysis of the Teachers and Graduate Students’ Research Topics in the Field of Mass Communication

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ming-Shu Yuan

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available The completion of a master’s thesis requires the advisor’s guidance on topic selection, data collection, analysis, interpretation and writing. The advisory committee’s input also contributes to the work. This study conducted content analysis and network analysis on a sample of 547 master’s theses from eight departments of the College of Journalism and Communications of Shih Hsin University to examine the relationships between the advisors and committee members as well as the connections of research topics. The results showed that the topic “lifestyle” have attracted cross-department research interests in the college. The academic network of the college is rather loose, and serving university administration duties may have broadened a faculty member’s centrality in the network. The Department of Communications Management and the Graduate Institute of Communications served as the bridges for the inter-departmental communication in the network. One can understand the interrelations among professors and departments through study on network analysis of thesis as to identify the characteristics of each department, as well as to reveal invisible relations of academic network and scholarly communication. [Article content in Chinese

  16. What’s in the pipeline? Drugs in development for autism spectrum disorder

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sung M

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available Min Sung,1 Chee Hon Chin,1 Choon Guan Lim,1 Hwee Sen Alvin Liew,1 Chau Sian Lim,2 Espérance Kashala,1 Shih-Jen Weng1 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore; 2Department of Psychological Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore Abstract: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with both core symptoms and associated symptoms (eg, irritability, aggression, and comorbidities that affect both the individual and the family/systems around them. There have been recent advances in the understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of ASD pertaining to genetics, epigenetics, neurological, hormonal, and environmental factors that contribute to the difficulties found in individuals with ASD. With this improved understanding, there has been a shift in the application of psychopharmacology in ASD and its related disorders. A literature review was conducted to examine research published in the last 5 years between different classes of psychotropic medications and ASD. The broad scope of the existing literature for the use of conventional medications is summarized and novel medications are discussed. Keywords: pharmacology, treatment, autism, Asperger’s syndrome, medication

  17. General gauge mediation in five dimensions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    McGarrie, Moritz; Russo, Rodolfo

    2010-01-01

    We use the ''general gauge mediation'' (GGM) formalism to describe a five-dimensional setup with an S 1 /Z 2 orbifold. We first consider a model independent supersymmetry breaking hidden sector on one boundary and generic chiral matter on another. Using the definition of GGM, the effects of the hidden sector are contained in a set of global symmetry current correlator functions and is mediated through the bulk. We find the gaugino, sfermion and hyperscalar mass formulas for minimal and generalized messengers in different regimes of a large, small and intermediate extra dimension. Then we use the five-dimensional GGM formalism to construct a model in which an SU(5) Intriligator, Seiberg and Shih (ISS) model is located on the hidden boundary. We weakly gauge a global symmetry of the ISS model and associate it with the bulk vector superfield. Compared to four-dimensional GGM, there is a natural way to adjust the gaugino versus sfermion mass ratio by a factor (Ml) 2 , where M is a characteristic mass scale of the supersymmetry breaking sector and l is the length of the extra dimension.

  18. Rescuing cholinergic neurons from apoptotic degeneration by targeting of serotonin modulator- and apolipoprotein E-conjugated liposomes to the hippocampus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kuo YC

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Yung-Chih Kuo, Yin-Jung Lee Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China Abstract: β-Amyloid (Aβ-targeting liposomes (LIP with surface serotonin modulator (SM and apolipoprotein E (ApoE were utilized to facilitate the delivery of nerve growth factor (NGF across the blood–brain barrier (BBB for neuroprotection in the hippocampus. The therapeutic efficacy of SM- and ApoE-grafted LIP carrying NGF (NGF-SM-ApoE-LIP was assessed by an in vitro Alzheimer’s disease (AD model of degenerated SK-N-MC cells and an in vivo AD model of Aβ-insulted Wistar rats. The experimental evidences revealed that the modified SM and ApoE on the surface of LIP increased the permeation of NGF across the BBB without serious damage to structural integrity of tight junction. When compared with free NGF, NGF-SM-ApoE-LIP upregulated the expression of phosphorylated neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1 on cholinergic neurons and significantly improved their survival. In addition, NGF-SM-ApoE-LIP could reduce the secretion of acetylcholinesterase and malondialdehyde and rescue hippocampal neurons from apoptosis in rat brains. The synergistic effect of SM and ApoE is promising in the induction of NGF to inhibit the neurotoxicity of Aβ and NGF-SM-ApoE-LIP can be a potent antiapoptotic pharmacotherapy for clinical care of patients with AD. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, blood–brain barrier, serotonin modulator, apolipoprotein E, nerve growth factor, liposome

  19. Neuroprotection against apoptosis of SK-N-MC cells using RMP-7- and lactoferrin-grafted liposomes carrying quercetin

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kuo Y

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Yung-Chih Kuo, Chien-Wei Tsao Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China Abstract: A drug delivery system of quercetin (QU-encapsulated liposomes (LS grafted with RMP-7, a bradykinin analog, and lactoferrin (Lf was developed to permeate the blood–brain barrier (BBB and rescue degenerated neurons, acting as an Alzheimer’s disease (AD pharmacotherapy. This colloidal formulation of QU-encapsulated LS grafted with RMP-7 and Lf (RMP-7-Lf-QU-LS was used to traverse human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs regulated by human astrocytes (HAs and to treat SK-N-MC cells after an insult with cytotoxic β-amyloid (Aβ fibrils. We found that surface RMP-7 and Lf enhanced the ability of QU to cross the BBB without inducing strong toxicity and damaging the tight junction. In addition, RMP-7-Lf-QU-LS significantly reduced Aβ-induced neurotoxicity and improved the viability of SK-N-MC cells. Compared with free QU, RMP-7-Lf-QU-LS could also significantly inhibit the expression of phosphorylated c-Jun N terminal kinase, phosphorylated p38, and phosphorylated tau protein at serine 202 by SK-N-MC cells, indicating an important role of RMP-7, Lf, and LS in protecting neurons against apoptosis. RMP-7-Lf-QU-LS is a promising carrier targeting the BBB to prevent Aβ-insulted neurodegeneration and may have potential in managing AD in future clinical applications. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, blood–brain barrier, β-amyloid, drug targeting, neurodegeneration, pharmacotherapy

  20. [Textual research on Chen Ye and his Jia cang jing yan fang (Family-preserved Empirical Recipes) of the Song Dynasty].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Xuedan; Zhang, Ruqing; Chen, Dexing

    2014-01-01

    Chen Ye, an official of the Southern Song Dynasty, also known as Chen Rihua as his styled name, was born in Changle, Fuzhou in the reign of Shaoxing, and died during the reign of Duanping. He had been consecutively in the positions of Jiang shi lang (Court Gentleman for Ceremonial Service), Zhi zhou (Prefect) of Lingding, the Ti xing (Judicial Commissioner) of Guangdong, the Zong ling (Overseer-general) of Sichuan, Shan ding (Reviser), Shu lin and other positions in Tongzhou, Yuanzhou. His works included 1 volume of Gu ling xian sheng nian pu (Mr. Guling's Chronological Biography), 1 volume of Tan xie (On Humor), 1 volume of Shi hua (Poetry), 8 volumes of Jin yuan li shu (Jin Yuan's Smart Technique), 3 volumes of Yi jian zhi lei bian (Classified Compilation of Yijian's Annals), (Zeng guang) Suo sui lu (Augmented Records of Trivial Matters), 5 volumes of Jia cang jing yan fang (Family-preserved Empirical Recipes). He also compiled the 8-volume Yin jiang zhi (Yinjiang's Annals), published the 2-volume Jia cang ji yao fang (Collected Essential Recipes from Family Preservation), and other proses and poetry. Jia cang jing yan fang was a formulary compiled by Chen Ye, which was lost. Altogether 74 of its recipes were cited in Fu ren da quan liang fang (Complete Effective Prescriptions for Women's Diseases), Shou qin yang lao shu (A Book for Pursuing Seniors' Longevity and Healthcare), Pu ji fang (Prescriptions for Universal Relief) and Yong le da dian (Yongle Encyclopedia).

  1. Alloy-Enhanced Fans Maintain Fresh Air in Tunnels

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-01-01

    The Partnership for Next Generation Vehicles (PNGV) is not a NASA initiative to develop powerful new rockets and spacecraft, even though it may sound like one. PNGV was a partnership established by the Clinton administration between the Federal government and the U.S. Council for Automotive Research to develop technologies that improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions from cars and trucks. More than 20 Federal laboratories from the Departments of Commerce, Energy, Transportation, and Defense; the Environmental Protection Agency; the National Science Foundation; and NASA were all involved in PNGV, in addition to more than 350 automotive suppliers, universities, and small businesses. In support of this tremendous effort, Jonathan Lee, a materials engineer at Marshall Space Flight Center, worked with a major automobile manufacturer in 1995 to develop a strong aluminum alloy for high temperature applications. The aim was to use the alloy for manufacturing parts for an internal combustion engine, as well as for NASA s propulsion applications. When funding from PNGV ended, Marshall continued to support the alloy s development with help from NASA s Innovative Partnerships Program (now the Office of the Chief Technologist). Together with PoShou Chen, a scientist with Morgan Research Corporation, Lee invented a highstrength aluminum alloy called MSFC-398 that, when tested, was three to four times stronger than conventional aluminum alloys at high temperatures. By the late 1990s, Lee says, NASA s scientists had successfully developed and patented this technology, which has great potential applications not for just automotive, but also for aerospace, marine, and commercial applications

  2. 12th WINFOCUS world congress on ultrasound in emergency and critical care.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Acar, Yahya; Tezel, Onur; Salman, Necati; Cevik, Erdem; Algaba-Montes, Margarita; Oviedo-García, Alberto; Patricio-Bordomás, Mayra; Mahmoud, Mustafa Z; Sulieman, Abdelmoneim; Ali, Abbas; Mustafa, Alrayah; Abdelrahman, Ihab; Bahar, Mustafa; Ali, Osama; Lester Kirchner, H; Prosen, Gregor; Anzic, Ajda; Leeson, Paul; Bahreini, Maryam; Rasooli, Fatemeh; Hosseinnejad, Houman; Blecher, Gabriel; Meek, Robert; Egerton-Warburton, Diana; Ćuti, Edina Ćatić; Belina, Stanko; Vančina, Tihomir; Kovačević, Idriz; Rustemović, Nadan; Chang, Ikwan; Lee, Jin Hee; Kwak, Young Ho; Kim, Do Kyun; Cheng, Chi-Yung; Pan, Hsiu-Yung; Kung, Chia-Te; Ćurčić, Ela; Pritišanac, Ena; Planinc, Ivo; Medić, Marijana Grgić; Radonić, Radovan; Fasina, Abiola; Dean, Anthony J; Panebianco, Nova L; Henwood, Patricia S; Fochi, Oliviero; Favarato, Moreno; Bonanomi, Ezio; Tomić, Ivan; Ha, Youngrock; Toh, Hongchuen; Harmon, Elizabeth; Chan, Wilma; Baston, Cameron; Morrison, Gail; Shofer, Frances; Hua, Angela; Kim, Sharon; Tsung, James; Gunaydin, Isa; Kekec, Zeynep; Ay, Mehmet Oguzhan; Kim, Jinjoo; Kim, Jinhyun; Choi, Gyoosung; Shim, Dowon; Lee, Ji-Han; Ambrozic, Jana; Prokselj, Katja; Lucovnik, Miha; Simenc, Gabrijela Brzan; Mačiulienė, Asta; Maleckas, Almantas; Kriščiukaitis, Algimantas; Mačiulis, Vytautas; Macas, Andrius; Mohite, Sharad; Narancsik, Zoltan; Možina, Hugon; Nikolić, Sara; Hansel, Jan; Petrovčič, Rok; Mršić, Una; Orlob, Simon; Lerchbaumer, Markus; Schönegger, Niklas; Kaufmann, Reinhard; Pan, Chun-I; Wu, Chien-Hung; Pasquale, Sarah; Doniger, Stephanie J; Yellin, Sharon; Chiricolo, Gerardo; Potisek, Maja; Drnovšek, Borut; Leskovar, Boštjan; Robinson, Kristine; Kraft, Clara; Moser, Benjamin; Davis, Stephen; Layman, Shelley; Sayeed, Yusef; Minardi, Joseph; Pasic, Irmina Sefic; Dzananovic, Amra; Pasic, Anes; Zubovic, Sandra Vegar; Hauptman, Ana Godan; Brajkovic, Ana Vujaklija; Babel, Jaksa; Peklic, Marina; Radonic, Vedran; Bielen, Luka; Ming, Peh Wee; Yezid, Nur Hafiza; Mohammed, Fatahul Laham; Huda, Zainal Abidin; Ismail, Wan Nasarudin Wan; Isa, W Yus Haniff W; Fauzi, Hashairi; Seeva, Praveena; Mazlan, Mohd Zulfakar

    2016-09-01

    veterans: a retrospective analysis from the first Croatian veteran's hospitalEdina Ćatić Ćuti, Stanko Belina, Tihomir Vančina, Idriz KovačevićA15 The challenge of AAA: unusual case of obstructive jaundiceEdina Ćatić Ćuti, Nadan RustemovićA16 Educational effectiveness of easy-made new simulator model for ultrasound-guided procedures in pediatric patients: vascular access and foreign body managementIkwan Chang, Jin Hee Lee, Young Ho Kwak, Do Kyun KimA17 Detection of uterine rupture by point-of-care ultrasound at emergency department: a case reportChi-Yung Cheng, Hsiu-Yung Pan, Chia-Te KungA18 Abdominal probe in the hands of interns as a relevant diagnostic tool in revealing the cause of heart failureEla Ćurčić, Ena Pritišanac, Ivo Planinc, Marijana Grgić Medić, Radovan RadonićA19 Needs assessment of the potential utility of point-of-care ultrasound within the Zanzibar health systemAbiola Fasina, Anthony J. Dean, Nova L. Panebianco, Patricia S. HenwoodA20 Ultrasonographic diagnosis of tracheal compressionOliviero Fochi, Moreno Favarato, Ezio BonanomiA21 The role of ultrasound in the detection of lung infiltrates in critically ill patients: a pilot studyMarijana Grgić Medić, Ivan Tomić, Radovan RadonićA22 The SAFER Lasso; a novel approach using point-of-care ultrasound to evaluate patients with abdominal complaints in the emergency departmentYoungrock Ha, Hongchuen TohA23 Awareness and use of clinician-performed ultrasound among clinical clerkship facultyElizabeth Harmon, Wilma Chan, Cameron Baston, Gail Morrison, Frances Shofer, Nova Panebianco, Anthony J. DeanA24 Clinical outcomes in the use of lung ultrasound for the diagnosis of pediatric pneumoniasAngela Hua, Sharon Kim, James TsungA25 Effectiveness of ultrasound in hypotensive patientsIsa Gunaydin, Zeynep Kekec, Mehmet Oguzhan AyA26 Moderate-to-severe left ventricular ejection fraction related to short-term mortality of patients with post-cardiac arrest syndrome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

  3. An improved model for predicting electrical contact resistance between bipolar plate and gas diffusion layer in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wu, Zhiliang; Wang, Shuxin [School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072 (China); Zhou, Yuanyuan; Lin, Guosong; Hu, S. Jack [Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125 (United States)

    2008-07-15

    Electrical contact resistance between bipolar plates (BPPs) and gas diffusion layers (GDLs) in PEM fuel cells has attracted much attention since it is one significant part of the total contact resistance which plays an important role in fuel cell performance. This paper extends a previous model by Zhou et al. [Y. Zhou, G. Lin, A.J. Shih, S.J. Hu, J. Power Sources 163 (2007) 777-783] on the prediction of electrical contact resistance within PEM fuel cells. The original microscale numerical model was based on the Hertz solution for individual elastic contacts, assuming that contact bodies, GDL carbon fibers and BPP asperities are isotropic elastic half-spaces. The new model features a more practical contact by taking into account the bending behavior of carbon fibers as well as their anisotropic properties. The microscale single contact process is solved numerically using the finite element method (FEM). The relationship between the contact pressure and the electrical resistance at the GDL/BPP interface is derived by multiple regression models. Comparisons of the original model by Zhou et al. and the new model with experimental data show that the original model slightly overestimates the electrical contact resistance, whereas a better agreement with experimental data is observed using the new model. (author)

  4. On calculating the probability of a set of orthologous sequences

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Junfeng Liu

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available Junfeng Liu1,2, Liang Chen3, Hongyu Zhao4, Dirk F Moore1,2, Yong Lin1,2, Weichung Joe Shih1,21Biometrics Division, The Cancer, Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; 2Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA; 3Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 4Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USAAbstract: Probabilistic DNA sequence models have been intensively applied to genome research. Within the evolutionary biology framework, this article investigates the feasibility for rigorously estimating the probability of a set of orthologous DNA sequences which evolve from a common progenitor. We propose Monte Carlo integration algorithms to sample the unknown ancestral and/or root sequences a posteriori conditional on a reference sequence and apply pairwise Needleman–Wunsch alignment between the sampled and nonreference species sequences to estimate the probability. We test our algorithms on both simulated and real sequences and compare calculated probabilities from Monte Carlo integration to those induced by single multiple alignment.Keywords: evolution, Jukes–Cantor model, Monte Carlo integration, Needleman–Wunsch alignment, orthologous

  5. First-Principles Study of Superconductivity in Ultra- thin Pb Films

    Science.gov (United States)

    Noffsinger, Jesse; Cohen, Marvin L.

    2010-03-01

    Recently, superconductivity in ultrathin layered Pb has been confirmed in samples with as few as two atomic layers [S. Qin, J. Kim, Q. Niu, and C.-K. Shih, Science 2009]. Interestingly, the prototypical strong-coupling superconductor exhibits different Tc's for differing surface reconstructions in samples with only two monolayers. Additionally, Tc is seen to oscillate as the number of atomic layers is increased. Using first principles techniques based on Wannier functions, we analyze the electronic structure, lattice dynamics and electron-phonon coupling for varying thicknesses and surface reconstructions of layered Pb. We discuss results as they relate to superconductivity in the bulk, for which accurate calculations of superconducting properties can be compared to experiment [W. L. McMillan and J.M. Rowell, PRL 1965]. This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant No. DMR07-05941, the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Computational resources have been provided by the Lawrencium computational cluster resource provided by the IT Division at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231)

  6. Pre-modern Islamic medical ethics and Graeco-Islamic-Jewish embryology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ghaly, Mohammed

    2014-02-01

    This article examines the, hitherto comparatively unexplored, reception of Greek embryology by medieval Muslim jurists. The article elaborates on the views attributed to Hippocrates (d. ca. 375 BC), which received attention from both Muslim physicians, such as Avicenna (d. 1037), and their Jewish peers living in the Muslim world including Ibn Jumay' (d. ca. 1198) and Moses Maimonides (d. 1204). The religio-ethical implications of these Graeco-Islamic-Jewish embryological views were fathomed out by the two medieval Muslim jurists Shihāb al-Dīn al-Qarāfī (d. 1285) and Ibn al-Qayyim (d. 1350). By putting these medieval religio-ethical discussions into the limelight, the article aims to argue for a two-pronged thesis. Firstly, pre-modern medical ethics did exist in the Islamic tradition and available evidence shows that this field had a multidisciplinary character where the Islamic scriptures and the Graeco-Islamic-Jewish medical legacy were highly intertwined. This information problematizes the postulate claiming that medieval Muslim jurists were hostile to the so-called 'ancient sciences'. Secondly, these medieval religio-ethical discussions remain playing a significant role in shaping the nascent field of contemporary Islamic bioethics. However, examining the exact character and scope of this role still requires further academic ventures. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  7. Popper's Thought Experiment Reinvestigated

    Science.gov (United States)

    Richardson, Chris; Dowling, Jonathan

    2012-02-01

    Karl Popper posed an interesting thought experiment in 1934. With it, he meant to question the completeness of quantum mechanics. He claimed that the notion of quantum entanglement leads to absurd scenarios that cannot be true in real life and that an implementation of his thought experiment would not give the results that QM predicts. Unfortunately for Popper, it has taken until recently to perform experiments that test his claims. The results of the experiments do not refute QM as Popper predicted, but neither do they confirm what Popper claimed QM predicted. Kim and Shih implemented Popper's thought experiment in the lab. The results of the experiment are not clear and have instigated many interpretations of the results. The results show some correlation between entangled photons, but not in the way that Popper thought, nor in the way a simple application of QM might predict. A ghost-imaging experiment by Strekalov, et al. sheds light on the physics behind Popper's thought experiment, but does not try to directly test it. I will build the physics of Popper's thought experiment from the ground up and show how the results of both of these experiments agree with each other and the theory of QM, but disprove Popper.

  8. Development of the Glenn-HT Computer Code to Enable Time-Filtered Navier-Stokes (TFNS) Simulations and Application to Film Cooling on a Flat Plate Through Long Cooling Tubes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ameri, Ali; Shyam, Vikram; Rigby, David; Poinsatte, Philip; Thurman, Douglas; Steinthorsson, Erlendur

    2014-01-01

    Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) formulation for turbomachinery-related flows has enabled improved engine component designs. RANS methodology has limitations which are related to its inability to accurately describe the spectrum of flow phenomena encountered in engines. Examples of flows that are difficult to compute accurately with RANS include phenomena such as laminarturbulent transition, turbulent mixing due to mixing of streams, and separated flows. Large eddy simulation (LES) can improve accuracy but at a considerably higher cost. In recent years, hybrid schemes which take advantage of both unsteady RANS and LES have been proposed. This study investigated an alternative scheme, the time-filtered Navier-Stokes (TFNS) method applied to compressible flows. The method developed by Shih and Liu was implemented in the Glenn-HT code and applied to film cooling flows. In this report the method and its implementation is briefly described. The film effectiveness results obtained for film cooling from a row of 30 holes with a pitch of 3.0 diameters emitting air at a nominal density ratio of unity and four blowing ratios of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 are shown. Flow features under those conditions are also described.

  9. Development of the Glenn Heat-Transfer (Glenn-HT) Computer Code to Enable Time-Filtered Navier-Stokes (TFNS) Simulations and Application to Film Cooling on a Flat Plate Through Long Cooling Tubes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ameri, Ali; Shyam, Vikram; Rigby, David; Poinsatte, Phillip; Thurman, Douglas; Steinthorsson, Erlendur

    2014-01-01

    Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) formulation for turbomachinery-related flows has enabled improved engine component designs. RANS methodology has limitations that are related to its inability to accurately describe the spectrum of flow phenomena encountered in engines. Examples of flows that are difficult to compute accurately with RANS include phenomena such as laminar/turbulent transition, turbulent mixing due to mixing of streams, and separated flows. Large eddy simulation (LES) can improve accuracy but at a considerably higher cost. In recent years, hybrid schemes that take advantage of both unsteady RANS and LES have been proposed. This study investigated an alternative scheme, the time-filtered Navier-Stokes (TFNS) method applied to compressible flows. The method developed by Shih and Liu was implemented in the Glenn-Heat-Transfer (Glenn-HT) code and applied to film-cooling flows. In this report the method and its implementation is briefly described. The film effectiveness results obtained for film cooling from a row of 30deg holes with a pitch of 3.0 diameters emitting air at a nominal density ratio of unity and two blowing ratios of 0.5 and 1.0 are shown. Flow features under those conditions are also described.

  10. Development of the Glenn-Heat-Transfer (Glenn-HT) Computer Code to Enable Time-Filtered Navier Stokes (TFNS) Simulations and Application to Film Cooling on a Flat Plate Through Long Cooling Tubes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ameri, Ali A.; Shyam, Vikram; Rigby, David; Poinsatte, Phillip; Thurman, Douglas; Steinthorsson, Erlendur

    2014-01-01

    Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) formulation for turbomachinery-related flows has enabled improved engine component designs. RANS methodology has limitations that are related to its inability to accurately describe the spectrum of flow phenomena encountered in engines. Examples of flows that are difficult to compute accurately with RANS include phenomena such as laminar/turbulent transition, turbulent mixing due to mixing of streams, and separated flows. Large eddy simulation (LES) can improve accuracy but at a considerably higher cost. In recent years, hybrid schemes that take advantage of both unsteady RANS and LES have been proposed. This study investigated an alternative scheme, the time-filtered Navier-Stokes (TFNS) method applied to compressible flows. The method developed by Shih and Liu was implemented in the Glenn-Heat-Transfer (Glenn-HT) code and applied to film-cooling flows. In this report the method and its implementation is briefly described. The film effectiveness results obtained for film cooling from a row of 30deg holes with a pitch of 3.0 diameters emitting air at a nominal density ratio of unity and two blowing ratios of 0.5 and 1.0 are shown. Flow features under those conditions are also described.

  11. Metabolic encephalopathy and lipid storage myopathy associated with a presumptive mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation defect in a dog

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vanessa R Biegen

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available A 1-year-old spayed female Shih Tzu presented for episodic abnormalities of posture and mentation. Neurologic examination was consistent with a bilaterally symmetric multifocal encephalopathy. The dog had a waxing-and-waning hyperlactemia and hypoglycemia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilaterally symmetric cavitated lesions of the caudate nuclei with less severe abnormalities in the cerebellar nuclei. Empirical therapy was unsuccessful and the patient was euthanized. Post-mortem histopathology revealed bilaterally symmetric necrotic lesions of the caudate and cerebellar nuclei and multi-organ lipid accumulation, including a lipid storage myopathy. Malonic aciduria and ketonuria were found on urinary organic acid screen. Plasma acylcarnitine analysis suggested a fatty acid oxidation defect. Fatty acid oxidation disorders are inborn errors of metabolism documented in humans, but poorly described in dogs. Although neurologic signs have been described in humans with this group of diseases, descriptions of advanced imaging and histopathology are severely lacking. This report suggests that abnormalities of fatty acid metabolism may cause severe, bilateral gray matter necrosis and lipid accumulation in multiple organs including the skeletal muscles, liver, and kidneys. Veterinarians should be aware that fatty acid oxidation disorders, although potentially fatal, may be treatable. A timely definitive diagnosis is essential in guiding therapy.

  12. A study on the industrialization of building stones and industrial stone crafts - Study on the causes of stone contaminations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hyun, Jeon Ki; Lee, Han Yeang [Korea Institute of Geology Mining and Materials, Taejon (Korea, Republic of)

    1996-12-01

    Causes of building stone contamination are acid rains in polluted areas, iron bearing minerals in stone itself, salts, sealants, cutting and grinding processes in stone factory and steel compounds structures such as stone anchors, bolts, rain culvert and guide frames. Contaminations on the building stone surface of Sejong culture center can be found around floor stones, stair stones, parterre stones, pillar stones and other outdoor stone panels. The parterre stones are contaminated by white tarnishes and rust flows are occurred on the surface of pillar stones and outdoor stone panels around entrance. Black tarnishes are cumulated on the pillar stones and other outdoor decorated stone panels and change the original granite color. Causes of building stone contaminations from Sejong culture center are wet method to attach stone panels, rust from steel compounds structures and air pollutants. Cement and mortar used from wet method react with sulfur dioxides in polluted air and from fine calcite crystals (white tarnish). Rusts from steel compounds structures such as rainwater culvert and steel guide frames can move to the stone surface by rain and leave rust flows on it. Pollutants (tar compounds, carbons, dusts, etc.) in air are cumulated with humidity on the stone surface and change color from white granite color to dusty dark color. Historical stone sculptures such as man and animal shaped stone crafts, tombstones, square stone tables in front of a tomb and guide and circumference stones around tomb in Royal Tombs (Donggu rung, Yung rung, Seoou rung and Hunin rung) distributed in Kyunggi province are contaminated by various moss and air pollutants and its original colors are deeply changed. (author). 21 refs., 11 tabs., 22 figs.

  13. Use of traditional Chinese medicine in patients with hyperlipidemia: A population-based study in Taiwan.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chu, Shih-Meng; Shih, Wei-Tai; Yang, Yao-Hsu; Chen, Pau-Chung; Chu, Yen-Hua

    2015-06-20

    Chinese herbal products (CHPs) are commonly used in patients with hyperlipidemia in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Because hyperlipidemia and related disease are common issues worldwide, this study analyzed the prescription patterns and frequencies of CHPs for treating patients with hyperlipidemia in Taiwan. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become popular as a therapy for controlling symptoms in patients with hyperlipidemia. This study aimed to analyze the prescription patterns of TCM for patients with hyperlipidemia in Taiwan. The study population was recruited from a random-sampled cohort of 1,000,000 people from the National Health Insurance Research Database between 2003 and 2009. We identified 30,784 outpatient visits related with hyperlipidemia diagnosis and collected these medical records. Association rules of data mining were conducted to explore the co-prescription patterns for Chinese herbal products (CHPs). The most commonly prescribed herbal formula for hyperlipidemia treatment was Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu-Tang (16.1%), and Shan Zha (Crataegi fructus; 25.0%) was the most commonly prescribed single herb. The most commonly prescribed combination of an herbal formula and a single herb was Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu-Tang and Dan Shen (Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae), and the most commonly prescribed combination of couplet herbs was Dan Shen and Shan Zha. Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu-Tang is the most frequently prescribed formula and is typically prescribed with Shan Zha, Dan Shen, and He Shou Wu for patients with hyperlipidemia. Clinical trials are warranted in future research to investigate the effects of the CHPs in terms of safety and efficacy and in particular to evaluate potential interactions with conventional treatments. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

  14. Prescriptions of Chinese Herbal Medicines for Insomnia in Taiwan during 2002

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Fang-Pey; Jong, Maw-Shiou; Chen, Yu-Chun; Kung, Yen-Ying; Chen, Tzeng-Ji; Chen, Fun-Jou; Hwang, Shinn-Jang

    2011-01-01

    Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been commonly used for treating insomnia in Asian countries for centuries. The aim of this study was to conduct a large-scale pharmaco-epidemiologic study and evaluate the frequency and patterns of CHM use in treating insomnia. We obtained the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) outpatient claims from the National Health Insurance in Taiwan for the year 2002. Patients with insomnia were identified from the diagnostic code of International Classification of Disease among claimed visiting files. Corresponding prescription files were analyzed, and an association rule was applied to evaluate the co-prescription of CHM. Results showed that there were 16 134 subjects who visited TCM clinics for insomnia in Taiwan during 2002 and received a total of 29 801 CHM prescriptions. Subjects between 40 and 49 years of age comprised the largest number of those treated (25.3%). In addition, female subjects used CHMs for insomnia more frequently than male subjects (female : male = 1.94 : 1). There was an average of 4.8 items prescribed in the form of either an individual Chinese herb or formula in a single CHM prescription for insomnia. Shou-wu-teng (Polygonum multiflorum) was the most commonly prescribed single Chinese herb, while Suan-zao-ren-tang was the most commonly prescribed Chinese herbal formula. According to the association rule, the most commonly prescribed CHM drug combination was Suan-zao-ren-tang plus Long-dan-xie-gan-tang, while the most commonly prescribed triple drug combination was Suan-zao-ren-tang, Albizia julibrissin, and P. multiflorum. Nevertheless, further clinical trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these CHMs for treating insomnia. PMID:19339485

  15. Enantiomeric quantification of (S)-(+)-methamphetamine in urine by an immunoaffinity column and liquid chromatography-electrospray-mass spectrometry

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lua, Ahai C.; Sutono, Yenny; Chou, T.-Y.

    2006-01-01

    A method using an immunoaffinity column (IAC) and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/MS) for on-line detecting the presence of MA in the effluent was developed for the quantitative and enantiomeric determination of (S)-(+)-methamphetamine (D-MA) in urine. The IAC was made in our laboratory and utilized in the LC/MS to simultaneously extract and separate enantiomers of MA from urine samples. An aqueous ammonium acetate buffer was used as the mobile phase. Urine samples were spiked with racemic deuterated methamphetamine (MA-d 14 ) as internal standard (IS), filtered through a membrane, and injected into the LC/MS without any further pre-treatment. Protonated molecular ion of MA and MA-d 14 (m/z 150 and 164) were isolated and further fragmented, the respective product ions, m/z 119 and 130, were collected for quantitative determination. This is an improvement of our previous method (A.C. Lua, Tsong-Yung Chou, J. Chromatogr. A 967 (2002) 191). In the previous method, MA was separated with HPLC, the efflux was fractionated and each fraction was either determined with an immunoassay or GC/MS. Monitoring of MA in the efflux is tedious and time consuming. Urine samples spiked with different concentrations of D-MA were measured by this method. A linear relationship exists in the 150-1050 ng/mL range, and the detection limit (defined as signal-to-noise ratio 3) of D-MA was determined to be 18 ng/mL. The linearity of the method for D-MA can be described by the equation (Y = 1.415 x 10 -3 X + 0.034, correlation coefficient: r 2 = 0.999). Within run, accuracy and precision (n = 6, relative error: -7.2 to +4.0% and relative standard deviation: 3.8-9.3%) of the method are fairly good

  16. Enantiomeric quantification of (S)-(+)-methamphetamine in urine by an immunoaffinity column and liquid chromatography-electrospray-mass spectrometry

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lua, Ahai C. [Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, 701, Chung Yang Road Section 3, Hualien, 970, Taiwan (China); Sutono, Yenny [Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, 701, Chung Yang Road Section 3, Hualien, 970, Taiwan (China); Chou, T.-Y. [Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, 701, Chung Yang Road Section 3, Hualien, 970, Taiwan (China)]. E-mail: cty@mail.tcu.edu.tw

    2006-08-18

    A method using an immunoaffinity column (IAC) and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/MS) for on-line detecting the presence of MA in the effluent was developed for the quantitative and enantiomeric determination of (S)-(+)-methamphetamine (D-MA) in urine. The IAC was made in our laboratory and utilized in the LC/MS to simultaneously extract and separate enantiomers of MA from urine samples. An aqueous ammonium acetate buffer was used as the mobile phase. Urine samples were spiked with racemic deuterated methamphetamine (MA-d{sub 14}) as internal standard (IS), filtered through a membrane, and injected into the LC/MS without any further pre-treatment. Protonated molecular ion of MA and MA-d{sub 14} (m/z 150 and 164) were isolated and further fragmented, the respective product ions, m/z 119 and 130, were collected for quantitative determination. This is an improvement of our previous method (A.C. Lua, Tsong-Yung Chou, J. Chromatogr. A 967 (2002) 191). In the previous method, MA was separated with HPLC, the efflux was fractionated and each fraction was either determined with an immunoassay or GC/MS. Monitoring of MA in the efflux is tedious and time consuming. Urine samples spiked with different concentrations of D-MA were measured by this method. A linear relationship exists in the 150-1050 ng/mL range, and the detection limit (defined as signal-to-noise ratio 3) of D-MA was determined to be 18 ng/mL. The linearity of the method for D-MA can be described by the equation (Y = 1.415 x 10{sup -3} X + 0.034, correlation coefficient: r {sup 2} = 0.999). Within run, accuracy and precision (n = 6, relative error: -7.2 to +4.0% and relative standard deviation: 3.8-9.3%) of the method are fairly good.

  17. Mapping daily evapotranspiration at field to continental scales using geostationary and polar orbiting satellite imagery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. C. Anderson

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Thermal infrared (TIR remote sensing of land-surface temperature (LST provides valuable information about the sub-surface moisture status required for estimating evapotranspiration (ET and detecting the onset and severity of drought. While empirical indices measuring anomalies in LST and vegetation amount (e.g., as quantified by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; NDVI have demonstrated utility in monitoring ET and drought conditions over large areas, they may provide ambiguous results when other factors (e.g., air temperature, advection are affecting plant functioning. A more physically based interpretation of LST and NDVI and their relationship to sub-surface moisture conditions can be obtained with a surface energy balance model driven by TIR remote sensing. The Atmosphere-Land Exchange Inverse (ALEXI model is a multi-sensor TIR approach to ET mapping, coupling a two-source (soil + canopy land-surface model with an atmospheric boundary layer model in time-differencing mode to routinely and robustly map daily fluxes at continental scales and 5 to 10-km resolution using thermal band imagery and insolation estimates from geostationary satellites. A related algorithm (DisALEXI spatially disaggregates ALEXI fluxes down to finer spatial scales using moderate resolution TIR imagery from polar orbiting satellites. An overview of this modeling approach is presented, along with strategies for fusing information from multiple satellite platforms and wavebands to map daily ET down to resolutions on the order of 10 m. The ALEXI/DisALEXI model has potential for global applications by integrating data from multiple geostationary meteorological satellite systems, such as the US Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites, the European Meteosat satellites, the Chinese Fen-yung 2B series, and the Japanese Geostationary Meteorological Satellites. Work is underway to further evaluate multi-scale ALEXI implementations over the US, Europe, Africa

  18. [From influence to confluence : positioning the history of pre-modern Korean medicine in East Asia].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Suh, Soyoung

    2010-12-31

    This article surveys studies focusing on pre-modern Korean medicine, which are both written in English and analyzed primary sources up to 1876. Overall, the history of pre-modern Korean medicine is an unknown filed in Anglophone academia. Yung Sik Kim's, James Palais's, and Carter Ecart's problematization of the nationalist framework of Korean scholarship partially explains the marginality of the field. Addressing these criticisms, this review argues that pre-modern Korean medicine's uneasy task lies in both elaborating Korea's own experience of medicine, while simultaneously avoiding making the "Korean" category itself essential. Korean narratives of premodern medicine need to go beyond the mere territorilalization of Korean medicine against its Chinese, Japanese, or Western counterparts, thereby to tackle the field's own boundary of research objects. The existing scholarship in English responds to this challenge by primarily examining the way in which Korea has shared textual tradition with China. Sirhak scholars' innovation in medicine, visual representation of Tongŭi bogam, Korean management of epidemics in the eleventh century, and Korean indexing of local botanicals, engages not only native achievements, but also the process of modifying medicine across geographical and political boundaries. More to the point, the emerging native narratives, although written in Korean, are implicitly resonant with those currently present in Anglophone academia. Taking "tension," "intertextuality," and "local traits" as a lens, this article assesses a series of current research in Korea. Aiming to go beyond appeals for a "distinctively" Korean experience of medicine, the future study of Korean pre-modern medicine will further elucidate confluences of different flows, such as "Chinese and Korean," "universal and local," "center and periphery," and "native and foreign," which will eventually articulate a range of Korean techniques of creating a bricolage in medicine.

  19. Integrated multimedia information system on interactive CATV network

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Meng-Huang; Chang, Shin-Hung

    1998-10-01

    In the current CATV system architectures, they provide one- way delivery of a common menu of entertainment to all the homes through the cable network. Through the technologies evolution, the interactive services (or two-way services) can be provided in the cable TV systems. They can supply customers with individualized programming and support real- time two-way communications. With a view to the service type changed from the one-way delivery systems to the two-way interactive systems, `on demand services' is a distinct feature of multimedia systems. In this paper, we present our work of building up an integrated multimedia system on interactive CATV network in Shih Chien University. Besides providing the traditional analog TV programming from the cable operator, we filter some channels to reserve them as our campus information channels. In addition to the analog broadcasting channel, the system also provides the interactive digital multimedia services, e.g. Video-On- Demand (VOD), Virtual Reality, BBS, World-Wide-Web, and Internet Radio Station. These two kinds of services are integrated in a CATV network by the separation of frequency allocation for the analog broadcasting service and the digital interactive services. Our ongoing work is to port our previous work of building up a VOD system conformed to DAVIC standard (for inter-operability concern) on Ethernet network into the current system.

  20. Religious Experience and Lay Society in T’ang China: A Reading of Tai Fu’s Kuang-i chi, by Glen Dudbridge. Cambridge Studies in Chinese History, Literature and Institutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. ix+256 pp. Maps. ISBN: 0521482232

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amelia Ying Qin

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Drawing upon his knowledge and understanding of literature, book culture, and vernacular culture of pre-modern China, Glen Dudbridge offers, in his unique reading of Kuang-i chi 廣異記 (The great book of marvels, insights into the religious experiences of lay society individuals of eighth century China. However, an inquisitive reader must ask the following questions: Can Kuang-i chi, a medieval collection of tales of encounters with the other world by the minor T’ang Dynasty official Tai Fu 戴孚 (fl. 760-780, chin-shih 757, be used for the purpose of the study of religious culture? How? and to what extent? What approaches would be effective in inquiring such a text and what kinds of conclusions can be drawn? Though not explicitly setting forth these questions, Dudbridge’s work serves as answers to them through explicitly defining the nature of Kuang-i chi to his study, discarding conventional categories and establishing new ones in his analysis, and associating Kuang-i chi to the “vernacular,” instead of official, or “centralized,” religious culture (p.63-4. Using a sharp historical focus on the collection, Dudbridge concentrates on the dynamics of change in religious practices of T’ang Dynasty that is rooted and reflected in such a vernacular religious culture....

  1. Komatiites of the Onverwacht Group, S. Africa: REE geochemistry, Sm/Nd age and mantle evolution

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jahn, Bor-Ming; Gruau, G.; Glikson, A. Y.

    1982-08-01

    Komatiites of the Tjakastad Subgroup of the Onverwacht Group (S. Africa) were dated by the Sm/Nd method. A whole-rock isochron yields an age of 3.56±0.24 (2 σ) AE, with initial 143Nd/144Nd ratio of 0.50818±23 (2 σ), corresponding to ɛ Nd( T)= + 1.9±4.5. This age is interpreted as the time of initial Onverwacht volcanism. This result agrees with earlier Sm/Nd data of Hamilton et al. (1979) and is consistent with the Rb-Sr result of Jahn and Shih (1974). Komatiites may be divided into 3 groups based on the typology of heavy REE distributions (Jahn and Gruau 1981). According to this scheme, the Onverwacht komatiites of the present study belong to two groups: the predominant Group II rocks showing (Gd/Yb)N≃1.4, CaO/Al2O3 = 1.33, Al2O3/TiO2≃10.6; and the subordinate Group III rocks with (Gd/Yb)Nconnotation of the chemical parameters, such as CaO/Al2O3, (Gd/Yb)N or Al2O3/TiO2 ratio has not been firmly established. The characteristic “high” CaO/Al2O3 or (Gd/Yb)N ratios in many Onverwacht Group rocks can also be explained as a result of local short-term mantle heterogeneity.

  2. Risk Analysis of Reservoir Operations Considering Short-Term Flood Control and Long-Term Water Supply: A Case Study for the Da-Han Creek Basin in Taiwan

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wen-Ming Cheng

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available This study applies an integrated methodology to assess short-term over-levee risk and long-term water shortage risk in the Da-Han Creek basin, which is the most important flood control and water storage system in northern Taiwan. An optimization model for reservoir flood control and water supply is adopted, to determine reservoir releases based on synthetic inflow hydrographs during typhoons, which are generated by Monte Carlo simulations. The release is then used to calculate the water level at a downstream control point using a novel developed back-propagation neural network-based model, to reduce computational complexity and achieve automatic-efficient risk evaluation. The calculated downstream water levels and final reservoir water levels after a typhoon event are used to evaluate the mapped over-levee risk and water shortage risk, respectively. The results showed that the different upper limit settings for the reservoir have a significant influence on the variation of 1.19 × 10−5% to 75.6% of the water shortage risk. This occurs because of the insufficient inflow and narrow storage capacity of the Shih-Men Reservoir during drought periods. However, the upper limit settings have a minor influence (with a variation of only 0.149% to 0.157% on the over-levee risk in typhoon periods, because of the high protection standards for the downstream embankment.

  3. Heterotopic gastric mucosa associated with abdominal abscess formation, hypotension, and acute abdominal pain in a puppy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tobleman, Bridget N; Sinnott, Virginia B

    2014-01-01

    To describe the presence of heterotopic gastric mucosa forming an abscess associated with acute abdominal pain and shock in a puppy. A 7-month-old male intact Shih-Tzu was presented to the emergency service for evaluation of a 12-hour history of vomiting and lethargy progressing to weakness. On presentation, the puppy was obtunded and hypotensive. Radiographs revealed an ill-defined mid-ventral abdominal mass. Ultrasound revealed an echogenic, fluid-filled mass associated with the jejunum. The puppy had an exploratory celiotomy and a 2 × 4 cm oval fluid-filled soft tissue mass was found to be intimately associated, but not communicating with, a section of the mid-jejunum. The mass and associated jejunum were removed via enterectomy. Histopathology of the resected mass revealed heterotopic gastric mucosa; bacterial culture of the fluid contained in the mass revealed heavy growth of Escherichia coli. The puppy recovered from surgery, was discharged from the hospital, and has had no further complications from this episode. Heterotopic gastric mucosa is commonly found incidentally on necropsy. When it has been associated with acute gastrointestinal signs, mechanical intestinal obstruction with or without perforation was noted. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of heterotopic gastric mucosa leading to abscess formation and acute abdominal pain in the dog. © Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society 2014.

  4. A novel glycated hemoglobin A1c-lowering traditional Chinese medicinal formula, identified by translational medicine study.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hsin-Yi Lo

    Full Text Available Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that has a significant impact on the health care system. The reduction of glycated hemoglobin A1c is highly associated with the improvements of glycemic control and diabetic complications. In this study, we identified a traditional Chinese medicinal formula with a HbA1c-lowering potential from clinical evidences. By surveying 9,973 diabetic patients enrolled in Taiwan Diabetic Care Management Program, we found that Chu-Yeh-Shih-Kao-Tang (CYSKT significantly reduced HbA1c values in diabetic patients. CYSKT reduced the levels of HbA1c and fasting blood glucose, and stimulated the blood glucose clearance in type 2 diabetic mice. CYSKT affected the expressions of genes associated with insulin signaling pathway, increased the amount of phosphorylated insulin receptor in cells and tissues, and stimulated the translocation of glucose transporter 4. Moreover, CYSKT affected the expressions of genes related to diabetic complications, improved the levels of renal function indexes, and increased the survival rate of diabetic mice. In conclusion, this was a translational medicine study that applied a "bedside-to-bench" approach to identify a novel HbA1c-lowering formula. Our findings suggested that oral administration of CYSKT affected insulin signaling pathway, decreased HbA1c and blood glucose levels, and consequently reduced mortality rate in type 2 diabetic mice.

  5. Comparison of the landslide susceptibility models in Taipei Water Source Domain, Taiwan

    Science.gov (United States)

    WU, C. Y.; Yeh, Y. C.; Chou, T. H.

    2017-12-01

    Taipei Water Source Domain, locating at the southeast of Taipei Metropolis, is the main source of water resource in this region. Recently, the downstream turbidity often soared significantly during the typhoon period because of the upstream landslides. The landslide susceptibilities should be analysed to assess the influence zones caused by different rainfall events, and to ensure the abilities of this domain to serve enough and quality water resource. Generally, the landslide susceptibility models can be established based on either a long-term landslide inventory or a specified landslide event. Sometimes, there is no long-term landslide inventory in some areas. Thus, the event-based landslide susceptibility models are established widely. However, the inventory-based and event-based landslide susceptibility models may result in dissimilar susceptibility maps in the same area. So the purposes of this study were to compare the landslide susceptibility maps derived from the inventory-based and event-based models, and to interpret how to select a representative event to be included in the susceptibility model. The landslide inventory from Typhoon Tim in July, 1994 and Typhoon Soudelor in August, 2015 was collected, and used to establish the inventory-based landslide susceptibility model. The landslides caused by Typhoon Nari and rainfall data were used to establish the event-based model. The results indicated the high susceptibility slope-units were located at middle upstream Nan-Shih Stream basin.

  6. GPS-derived crustal deformation in Azerbaijan

    Science.gov (United States)

    Safarov, Rafig; Mammadov, Samir; Kadirov, Fakhraddin

    2017-04-01

    Crustal deformations of the Earth's crust in Azerbaijan were studied based on GPS measurements. The GPS velocity vectors for Azerbaijan, Iran, Georgia, and Armenia were used in order to estimate the deformation rates. It is found that compression is observable along the Greater Caucasus, in Gobustan, the Kura depression, Nakhchyvan Autonomous Republic, and adjacent areas of Iran. The axes of compression/contraction of the crust in the Greater Caucasus region are oriented in the S-NE direction. The maximum strain rate is observed in the zone of mud volcanism at the SHIK site (Shykhlar), which is marked by a sharp change in the direction of the compression axes (SW-NE). It is revealed that the deformation field also includes the zones where strain rates are very low. These zones include the Caspian-Guba and northern Gobustan areas, characterized by extensive development of mud volcanism. The extension zones are confined to the Lesser Caucasus and are revealed in the Gyadabei (GEDA) and Shusha (SHOU) areas. The analysis of GPS data for the territory of Azerbaijan and neighboring countries reveals the heterogeneous patterns of strain field in the region. This fact suggests that the block model is most adequate for describing the structure of the studied region. The increase in the number of GPS stations would promote increasing the degree of detail in the reconstructions of the deformation field and identifying the microplate boundaries.It is concluded that the predominant factor responsible for the eruption of mud volcanoes is the intensity of gasgeneration processes in the earth's interior, while deformation processes play the role of a trigger. The zone of the epicenters of strong earthquakes is correlated to the gradient zone in the crustal strain rates.

  7. The LAMOST survey of background quasars in the vicinity of M31 and M33 – III. results from the 2013 regular survey

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Huo, Zhi-Ying; Shi, Jian-Rong; Yang, Ming; Liu, Xiao-Wei; Xiang, Mao-Sheng; Huang, Yang; Yuan, Hai-Bo; Zhang, Yong; Hou, Yong-Hui; Wang, Yue-Fei

    2015-01-01

    In this work, we report new quasars discovered in fields in the vicinity of the Andromeda (M31) and Triangulum (M33) galaxies with the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) during the 2013 observational season, the second year of the regular survey. In total, 1330 new quasars are discovered in an area of ∼133 deg 2 around M31 and M33. With i magnitudes ranging from 14.79 to 20.0 and redshifts from 0.08 to 4.85, the 1330 new quasars represent a significant increase in the number of identified quasars in fields in the vicinity of M31 and M33. Up to now, there have been a total of 1870 quasars discovered by LAMOST in this area. The much enlarged sample of known quasars in this area can potentially be utilized to construct a precise astrometric reference frame for the measurement of minute proper motions of M31, M33 and their associated substructures, which are vital for understanding the formation and evolution of M31, M33 and the Local Group of galaxies. Moreover, in the sample, there are a total of 45, 98 and 225 quasars with i magnitudes brighter than 17.0, 17.5 and 18.0 respectively. In the aforementioned brightness bins, 15, 35 and 84 quasars are reported here for the first time, and 6, 21 and 81 are reported in our pervious work. In addition, 0, 1 and 6 are from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and 24, 41 and 54 are from the NED database. These bright quasars provide an invaluable sample to study the kinematics and chemistry of the interstellar/intergalactic medium of the Local Group. (paper)

  8. Prescriptions of Chinese Herbal Medicines for Insomnia in Taiwan during 2002

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fang-Pey Chen

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Chinese herbal medicine (CHM has been commonly used for treating insomnia in Asian countries for centuries. The aim of this study was to conduct a large-scale pharmaco-epidemiologic study and evaluate the frequency and patterns of CHM use in treating insomnia. We obtained the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM outpatient claims from the National Health Insurance in Taiwan for the year 2002. Patients with insomnia were identified from the diagnostic code of International Classification of Disease among claimed visiting files. Corresponding prescription files were analyzed, and an association rule was applied to evaluate the co-prescription of CHM. Results showed that there were 16 134 subjects who visited TCM clinics for insomnia in Taiwan during 2002 and received a total of 29 801 CHM prescriptions. Subjects between 40 and 49 years of age comprised the largest number of those treated (25.3%. In addition, female subjects used CHMs for insomnia more frequently than male subjects (female : male = 1.94 : 1. There was an average of 4.8 items prescribed in the form of either an individual Chinese herb or formula in a single CHM prescription for insomnia. Shou-wu-teng (Polygonum multiflorum was the most commonly prescribed single Chinese herb, while Suan-zao-ren-tang was the most commonly prescribed Chinese herbal formula. According to the association rule, the most commonly prescribed CHM drug combination was Suan-zao-ren-tang plus Long-dan-xie-gan-tang, while the most commonly prescribed triple drug combination was Suan-zao-ren-tang, Albizia julibrissin, and P. multiflorum. Nevertheless, further clinical trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these CHMs for treating insomnia.

  9. Puerarin transport across rat nasal epithelial cells and the influence of compatibility with paeoniflorin and menthol

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    Zhang L

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available Lin Zhang, Shou-Ying Du, Yang Lu, Chang Liu, Hui-Chao Wu, Zhi-Hao Tian, Min Wang, Chang Yang School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Nose-to-brain transport can provide an excellent pathway for drugs of the central nervous system. Consequently, how to make full use of this pathway in practical applications has become a focus of drug design. However, many aspects affecting drug delivery from the nose to the brain remain unclear. This study aimed to more deeply investigate the transport of puerarin and to explore the mechanism underlying the influence of compatible drugs on puerarin permeability in a primary cell model simulating the nasal mucosa. In this research, based on rat nasal epithelial cells (RNECs cultured in vitro and cytotoxicity assays, the bidirectional transport of puerarin across RNEC monolayers and the effect of its compatibility with peoniflorin and menthol were analyzed. The apparent permeability coefficient was <1.5×10–6 cm/s, and the efflux ratio of puerarin was <2, indicating that puerarin had poor absorption and that menthol but not peoniflorin significantly improved puerarin transport. Simultaneously, through experiments, such as immunofluorescence staining, transepithelial electrical resistance measurement, rhodamine 123 efflux evaluation, the cell membrane fluorescence recovery after photobleaching test, and ATPase activity determination, the permeability promoting mechanism of menthol was confirmed to be closely related to disruption of the tight junction protein structure, to the P-glycoprotein inhibitory effect, to increased membrane fluidity, and to the promotion of enzyme activity. These results provide reliable data on nasal administration of the studied drugs and lay the foundation for a deeper investigation of the nose–brain pathway and nasal administration. Keywords: Chinese herbal compound

  10. Lack of association between the XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis

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    Zhang T

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Tao Zhang,1,* Dong-ming Zhang,2,* Da Zhao,1 Xiao-ming Hou,1 Shou-cheng Ma,1 Xiao-jun Liu1 1Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The Branch Hospital of Donggang, Lanzhou, 2Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Pingliang, Pingliang, People's Republic of China  *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: The xeroderma pigmentosum complementary group D (XPD gene has been linked to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC through disruption of DNA repair. Several studies have suggested that the XPD polymorphism Lys751Gln is associated with an increased risk of developing CRC. However, previous results remain inconclusive. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the potential for this relationship. Methods: Relevant studies were retrieved from the PubMed database. Strict selection and exclusion criteria were determined, and the odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to assess the strength of associations. The fixed or random effects model was selected on the basis of heterogeneity tests among studies. Publication bias was estimated using funnel plots and Egger's regression test. Results: The meta-analysis included 2,961 cases and 4,539 controls from eleven studies. The results indicated that the XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism had no association with CRC risk for all genetic models (Gln-Gln versus Lys-Lys, P=0.477; Lys-Gln versus Lys-Lys, P=0.283; Lys-Gln + Gln-Gln versus Lys-Lys, P=0.562, even when compared within subgroups based on ethnicity and source of controls. Conclusion: Based on the results of our meta-analysis, there is no evidence of a link between the XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and risk of CRC. Keywords: XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism, colorectal cancer risk, meta-analysis

  11. El ejemplar del Geka seiso (1791 de la Colección Francisco Guerra por José Luis Gonzalo Sánchez-Molero

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    Gonzalo Sánchez-Molero, José Luis

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Desde 2007 la Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla conserva un ejemplar del Geka seiso, un libro xilográfico japonés impreso en el siglo XVIII. Su título original chino es Waik'o Cheng Tsung, o Método ortodoxo de la cirugía, en español. Esta tratado médico fue escrito al inicio del siglo anterior por Chen Shih-kung, o Chen Shigong, (c. 1555-1636, y en 1791 fue editado de nuevo en Japón por el médico imperial Ogino Gengai (1737-1806. Este ejemplar complutense proviene de la colección de Francisco Guerra Pérez-Carral. En este artículo se estudian tres aspectos del Geka seiso, en un orden cronológico inverso. Primero, su adquisición por el doctor Guerra, quien lo compró en Miami (1990, procedente el volumen de la colección del doctor norteamericano Otto Orren Fisher. A continuación se analiza el contenido de esta obra, publicada por vez primera en 1611, en China. En ella su autor (Chen Shigong incluyó sus famosos preceptos profesionales y éticos: Los cinco mandamientos y las diez exigencias. Por último se estudian, por un lado, las circunstancias históricas de esta edición en 1791, relacionada probablemente con el proceso político de restauración de los estudios Chu Hsi, y por otro lado el proceso técnico de su impresión, realizado en Kyoto por Hayashi Gonbe, Hayashi Ihe y Takemura Kahe. Finalmente se describen y comentan algunas de las características materiales de este ejemplar del Geka seiso, para su mejor comprensión por un lector occidental.Since 2007, the Historical Library "Marqués de Valdecilla" preserves a copy of Geka seiso, a Japanese blockbook printed in the eighteenth century. Its original title Chinese is Waik'o Cheng Tsung, or Orthodox method of surgery, in English. This medical treatise was written at the beginning of the previous century by Chen Shih-kung, or Chen Shigong, (c. 1555-1636, and in 1791 was printed again in Japan by the imperial doctor Gengai Ogino (1737-1806. This complutense copy

  12. Best practices in the differential diagnosis and reporting of acute transfusion reactions

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    Hillis CM

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Christopher M Hillis,1–3,* Andrew W Shih,1,3,* Nancy M Heddle1,3,4 1Department of Medicine, 2Department of Oncology, 3McMaster Transfusion Research Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, 4Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, ON, Canada  *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: An acute transfusion reaction (ATR is any reaction to blood, blood components, or plasma derivatives that occurs within 24 hours of a transfusion. The frequencies of ATRs and the associated symptoms, reported by the sentinel sites of the Ontario Transfusion Transmitted Injuries Surveillance System from 2008 to 2012, illustrate an overlap in presenting symptoms. Despite this complexity, the differential diagnosis of an ATR can be determined by considering predominant signs or symptoms, such as fever, dyspnea, rash, and/or hypotension, as these signs and symptoms guide further investigations and management. Reporting of ATRs locally and to hemovigilance systems enhances the safety of the blood supply. Challenges to the development of an international transfusion reaction reporting system are discussed, including the issue of jurisdiction and issues of standardization for definitions, investigations, and reporting requirements. This review discusses a symptom-guided approach to the differential diagnosis of ATRs, the evolution of hemovigilance systems, an overview of the current Canadian system, and proposes a best practice model for hemovigilance based on a World Health Organization patient safety framework. Keywords: blood transfusion, blood components, hemovigilance

  13. Pentablock copolymers of pluronic F127 and modified poly(2-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate for internalization mechanism and gene transfection studies

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    Huang SJ

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available Shih-Jer Huang,1 Tzu-Pin Wang,1 Sheng-I Lue,2 Li-Fang Wang11Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 2Department of Physiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanAbstract: Cationic polymers are one of the major nonviral gene delivery vectors investigated in the past decade. In this study, we synthesized several cationic copolymers using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP for gene delivery vectors: pluronic F127-poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (PF127-pDMAEMA, pluronic F127-poly (dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-tert-butyl acrylate (PF127-p(DMAEMA-tBA, and pluronic F127-poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-acrylic acid (PF127-p(DMAEMA-AA. The copolymers showed high buffering capacity and efficiently complexed with plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (pDNA to form nanoparticles 80–180 nm in diameter and with positive zeta potentials. In the absence of 10% fetal bovine serum, PF127-p(DMAEMA-AA showed the highest gene expression and the lowest cytotoxicity in 293T cells. After acrylic acid groups had been linked with a fluorescent dye, the confocal laser scanning microscopic image showed that PF127-p(DMAEMA-AA/pDNA could efficiently enter the cells. Both clathrin-mediated and caveolae-mediated endocytosis mechanisms were involved. Our results showed that PF127-p(DMAEMA-AA has great potential to be a gene delivery vector.Keywords: nonviral vector, pluronic F127, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, copolymer, atom transfer radical polymerization

  14. Incidence of Radiographic Cystic Lesions Associated With Unerupted Teeth in Dogs.

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    Babbitt, Sam G; Krakowski Volker, Mary; Luskin, Ira R

    2016-12-01

    Medical records and radiographs were retrospectively reviewed over a 3-year period (2012-2015) from dogs presented to a private dental referral practice. Medical records were evaluated for the diagnosis of impacted or embedded teeth. The identified dogs' radiographs were reviewed for the presence of radiographically significant cystic lesions that were associated with the impacted or embedded teeth. Radiographic criteria were established by the authors for the purposes of identifying cystic lesions in dogs of different breeds and sizes, using established indices from human dental pathology as a basis. When histopathology results were available, they were reviewed and reported. In this study, 136 dogs ranging in age from 3 months to 17 years were diagnosed with 213 unerupted teeth during the study period. There were 62 (29.1%) of the 213 radiographically apparent cystic lesions identified based on the criteria proposed in this study. In this study, 146 (68.5%) of the 213 unerupted teeth were identified as mandibular first premolar teeth. Histopathology was obtained on 28 (45.1%) of the 62 diagnosed cystic lesions. Dentigerous cysts accounted for 20 (71.4%) of the 28 cystic lesions. Brachycephalic breeds were overrepresented in this study. Boxer, pug, Shih Tzu, and Boston terrier dogs were most likely to present with cystic lesions associated with unerupted teeth. Seventeen (85%) of the 20 cases with a histopathologic diagnosis of dentigerous cyst were found within these 4 brachycephalic breeds.

  15. A nine-year follow-up study of sleep patterns and mortality in community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Hsi-Chung; Su, Tung-Ping; Chou, Pesus

    2013-08-01

    To simultaneously explore the associations between mortality and insomnia, sleep duration, and the use of hypnotics in older adults. A fixed cohort study. A community in Shih-Pai area, Taipei, Taiwan. A total of 4,064 participants over the age of 65 completed the study. N/A. Insomnia was classified using an exclusionary hierarchical algorithm, which categorized insomnia as "no insomnia," "subjective poor sleep quality," "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index > 5 insomnia," "1-month insomnia disorder," and "6-month insomnia disorder." The main outcome variables were 9-year all-cause mortality rates. In the all-cause mortality analyses, when hypnotic use, depressive symptoms and total sleep time were excluded from a proportional hazards regression model, subjects with "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index > 5 insomnia" had a higher mortality risk (HR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.01-1.45). In the full model, frequent hypnotic use and long sleep duration predicted higher mortality rates. However, the increased mortality risk for subjects with "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index > 5 insomnia" was not observed in the full model. On the contrary, individuals with a 6-month DSM-IV insomnia disorder had a lower risk for premature death (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43-0.96). Long sleep duration and frequent hypnotics use predicted an increased mortality risk within a community-dwelling sample of older adults. The association between insomnia and mortality was affected by insomnia definition and other parameters related to sleep patterns.

  16. Cetuximab-conjugated iron oxide nanoparticles for cancer imaging and therapy

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    Tseng SH

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available Shih-Heng Tseng,1,2 Min-Yuan Chou,2 I-Ming Chu1 1Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 2Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan Abstract: We have developed a theranostic nanoparticle, ie, cet-PEG-dexSPIONs, by conjugation of the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR monoclonal antibody, cetuximab, to dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs via periodate oxidation. Approximately 31 antibody molecules were conjugated to each nanoparticle. Cet-PEG-dexSPIONs specifically bind to EGFR-expressing tumor cells and enhance image contrast on magnetic resonance imaging. Cet-PEG-dexSPION-treated A431 cells showed significant inhibition of epidermal growth factor-induced EGFR phosphorylation and enhancement of EGFR internalization and degradation. In addition, a significant increase in apoptosis was detected in EGFR-overexpressing cell lines, A431 and 32D/EGFR, after 24 hours of incubation at 37°C with cet-PEG-dexSPIONs compared with cetuximab alone. The antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity of cetuximab was observed in cet-PEG-dexSPIONs. The results demonstrated that cet-PEG-dexSPIONs retained the therapeutic effect of cetuximab in addition to having the ability to target and image EGFR-expressing tumors. Cet-PEG-dexSPIONs represent a promising targeted magnetic probe for early detection and treatment of EGFR-expressing tumor cells. Keywords: epidermal growth factor receptor, cetuximab, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle, magnetic resonance imaging, sodium periodate, polyethylene glycol

  17. Inference of population splits and mixtures from genome-wide allele frequency data.

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    Joseph K Pickrell

    Full Text Available Many aspects of the historical relationships between populations in a species are reflected in genetic data. Inferring these relationships from genetic data, however, remains a challenging task. In this paper, we present a statistical model for inferring the patterns of population splits and mixtures in multiple populations. In our model, the sampled populations in a species are related to their common ancestor through a graph of ancestral populations. Using genome-wide allele frequency data and a Gaussian approximation to genetic drift, we infer the structure of this graph. We applied this method to a set of 55 human populations and a set of 82 dog breeds and wild canids. In both species, we show that a simple bifurcating tree does not fully describe the data; in contrast, we infer many migration events. While some of the migration events that we find have been detected previously, many have not. For example, in the human data, we infer that Cambodians trace approximately 16% of their ancestry to a population ancestral to other extant East Asian populations. In the dog data, we infer that both the boxer and basenji trace a considerable fraction of their ancestry (9% and 25%, respectively to wolves subsequent to domestication and that East Asian toy breeds (the Shih Tzu and the Pekingese result from admixture between modern toy breeds and "ancient" Asian breeds. Software implementing the model described here, called TreeMix, is available at http://treemix.googlecode.com.

  18. Schisandrae fructus enhances myogenic differentiation and inhibits atrophy through protein synthesis in human myotubes

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    Kim CH

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Cy Hyun Kim,1,2,* Jin-Hong Shin,1,3,* Sung Jun Hwang,1,2 Yung Hyun Choi,4 Dae-Seong Kim,1,3 Cheol Min Kim2,51Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, 2Center for Anti-Aging Industry, Pusan National University, Busan, 3Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, 4Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, 5Department of Biomedical Informatics, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Schisandrae fructus (SF has recently been reported to increase skeletal muscle mass and inhibit atrophy in mice. We investigated the effect of SF extract on human myotube differentiation and its acting pathway. Various concentrations (0.1–10 µg/mL of SF extract were applied on human skeletal muscle cells in vitro. Myotube area and fusion index were measured to quantify myotube differentiation. The maximum effect was observed at 0.5 µg/mL of SF extract, enhancing differentiation up to 1.4-fold in fusion index and 1.6-fold in myotube area at 8 days after induction of differentiation compared to control. Phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 and 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase, which initiate translation as downstream of mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, was upregulated in early phases of differentiation after SF treatment. SF also attenuated dexamethasone-induced atrophy. In conclusion, we show that SF augments myogenic differentiation and attenuates atrophy by increasing protein synthesis through mammalian target of rapamycin/70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 signaling pathway in human myotubes. SF can be a useful natural dietary supplement in increasing skeletal muscle mass, especially in the aged

  19. Comparison of safety and outcomes of shock wave lithotripsy between elderly and non-elderly patients

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    Chen YZ

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Yi-Zhong Chen,1 Wun-Rong Lin,1,2 Chih-Chiao Lee,1,2 Fang-Ju Sun,1,3 Yung-Chiong Chow,1,2 Wei-Kung Tsai,1,2 Pai-Kai Chiang,1,2 Ting-Po Lin,1,2 Marcelo Chen,1–3 Allen W Chiu1,4 1Department of Urology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, 2School of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, 3Department of Cosmetic Applications and Management, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, 4School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan Background: This study compared the clinical outcomes of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy between elderly (aged ≥65 years and non-elderly (aged <65 years patients.Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was performed on 483 (non-elderly: 245, elderly: 238 patients with upper urinary tract stones who underwent shock wave lithotripsy between 2007 and 2015. The demographic data, stone parameters, stone-free rate, retreatment rate, and complication rate were analyzed in both elderly and non-elderly patient groups.Results: There was no significant difference between non-elderly and elderly patients in terms of stone-free rate (46.5% vs 41.1%, P>0.05 regardless of stone site or stone size and overall retreatment rate (41.6% vs 37.0%, P>0.05. Elderly patients had a higher complication rate than non-elderly patients (15.5% vs 23.5%, P=0.026. The most common complication was flank pain. Receiver operating characteristic curves predicted that elderly patients (cutoff value: 65 years of age had a higher risk of complications and that patients with smaller stones (cutoff value: 0.8 cm had a higher stone-free rate.Conclusion: This study showed that elderly patients with upper urinary tract stones undergoing shock wave lithotripsy had comparable efficacy for stone-free rates and retreatment rates, but higher complication rates. Keywords: elderly, shock wave lithotripsy, upper urinary tract stone, safety, outcome

  20. Hot-water extract of the branches of Hovenia dulcis Thunb. (Rhamnaceae ameliorates low-fiber diet-induced constipation in rats

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    Choi CY

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available Chul-Yung Choi,1 Seung-Sik Cho,2 In-Soo Yoon3 1Department of Natural Medicine Research, Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jangheung-gun, 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam, 3Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, South Korea Abstract: Hovenia dulcis Thunb. (Rhamnaceae, also known as oriental raisin tree, is used in traditional herbal medicine. Its extracts have been reported to show various pharmacological effects such as hepatoprotection, antitumor, antiatopic dermatitis, antilipid peroxidation, antisteatotic, anti-inflammatory, and antiallergic activities. However, there have been no reports on the effect of H. dulcis extracts in relieving constipation so far. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a hot-water extract of the branches of H. dulcis (WEHD on low-fiber diet-induced constipation in Sprague Dawley rats. The in vivo laxative activity of WEHD was assessed by measuring the intestinal transit of charcoal meal and stool parameters. Furthermore, the in vitro spasmogenic activity of WEHD was evaluated by monitoring the temporal profiles of contraction of rat colon in the absence or presence of WEHD. In addition, constituent profiling was conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Pretreatment with WEHD significantly enhanced the intestinal transit of charcoal meal and increased the frequency and weight of stools in rats. In addition, the frequency and amplitude of contractile responses of isolated rat colon were markedly enhanced by WEHD. Two organic phenolic acids, ferulic and vanillic acids, were identified in WEHD, of which vanillic acid exhibited spasmogenic activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the laxative and spasmogenic activities of H. dulcis and its constituents, suggesting that

  1. Apoptotic effect of cordycepin combined with cisplatin and/or paclitaxel on MA-10 mouse Leydig tumor cells

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    Kang FC

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Fu-Chi Kang,1 Pei-Jung Chen,2 Bo-Syong Pan,2,3 Meng-Shao Lai,2,3 Yung-Chia Chen,4 Bu-Miin Huang2,31Department of Anesthesia, Chi Mei Medical Center, Chiali, 2Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, 3Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 4Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China Background: Chemotherapy is not limited to a single treatment, and the evidence demonstrates that different drug combinations can have positive results in patients. In this study, we sought to determine whether cordycepin combined with cisplatin and/or paclitaxel would have an additive effective on inducing apoptosis in mouse Leydig tumor cells, and the mechanisms were also briefly examined.Methods: The additive effects of cordycepin combined with cisplatin and/or paclitaxel on apoptosis in MA-10 cells were investigated by monitoring changes in morphological characteristics and examining cell viability, flow cytometry assays, and Western blot analyses.Results: Combination of cordycepin plus cisplatin and/or paclitaxel for 12 and 24 hours induced apoptotic features in MA-10 cells. The MTT assay showed that the combination treatment reduced the viability of MA-10 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with additive effects. Cell cycle analysis showed that combination treatment significantly increased subG1 phase cell numbers in MA-10 cells, indicating apoptosis. Moreover, cordycepin plus cisplatin and/or paclitaxel significantly induced cleavage of caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-3, and poly ADP-ribose polymerase, and phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and p53 proteins in MA-10 cells.Conclusion: Cordycepin plus cisplatin and/or paclitaxel can have an additive effect on apoptosis in MA-10 cells, with activation of caspase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and p53 signal pathways. Keywords: cordycepin

  2. Update on the LAMOST-PLUS Collaboration

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carlin, Jeffrey L.; Newberg, H. J.; Deng, L.; Bai, Z.; Beers, T. C.; Chen, J.; Chen, L.; Chu, Y.; Fu, X.; Gao, S.; Grillmair, C. J.; Guhathakurta, P.; Hou, J.; Lepine, S.; Li, H.; Li, J.; Liu, C.; Liu, X.; Luo, A.; Peng, E.; Sellwood, J.; Xu, Y.; Xue, X.; Yang, F.; Yang, L.; Yanny, B.; Yu, J.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, Y.; Zhao, G.; Zhao, Y.; Zheng, Z.; Zhong, J.

    2013-01-01

    Participants in LAMOST, US (PLUS) is an ongoing collaboration of US scientists with the Galactic structure component of the Chinese LAMOST project on the 4-meter class Guo Shou Jing Telescope in China. A LAMOST Pilot Survey was carried out from October 2011 to June 2012, gathering roughly half a million stellar spectra with sufficient signal-to-noise for radial velocity measurement. PLUS members assisted in preparing papers for a special LAMOST Pilot Survey "mini-volume" of the journal Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics that was issued in mid-2012. This volume contains articles detailing the target selection algorithms and processes, as well as discussion of the science goals of the survey. Scientific results from collaborations (funded by the NSF grant that created the PLUS team) between Chinese visiting scholars and their American counterparts have been fruitful, leading to seven research papers published or submitted in 2012, and more to come soon. As with most large-scale efforts in their early stages, there are issues with data quality; in particular, the limiting magnitude currently achieved by the system do not yet meet the design goals. However, with nearly half a million useful spectra of bright stars (typically brighter than 17th magnitude in SDSS r-band) available, we are beginning to explore science with LAMOST Pilot Survey data. In particular, (sub-)structure in the Galactic disk can be probed deeply with such large kinematical datasets as that provided by LAMOST (see, e.g., the Delaunay et al. and Gole et al. posters at this meeting). PLUS team members are also examining the Pilot Survey data to assess data quality. We present some of the Pilot Survey spectra, and briefly discuss some ongoing projects undertaken with these data. The main LAMOST survey is slated to begin in late 2012 or early 2013, and will ultimately collect spectra of at least 5 million stars over the next five years. More information can be found at http://lamost.us. This

  3. Exploration of natural product ingredients as inhibitors of human HMG-CoA reductase through structure-based virtual screening

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    Lin SH

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Shih-Hung Lin,1 Kao-Jean Huang,1,2 Ching-Feng Weng,1 David Shiuan1 1Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China; 2Development Center of Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China Abstract: Cholesterol plays an important role in living cells. However, a very high level of cholesterol may lead to atherosclerosis. HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase is the key enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, and the statin-like drugs are inhibitors of human HMG-CoA reductase (hHMGR. The present study aimed to virtually screen for potential hHMGR inhibitors from natural product to discover hypolipidemic drug candidates with fewer side effects and lesser toxicities. We used the 3D structure 1HWK from the PDB (Protein Data Bank database of hHMGR as the target to screen for the strongly bound compounds from the traditional Chinese medicine database. Many interesting molecules including polyphenolic compounds, polisubstituted heterocyclics, and linear lipophilic alcohols were identified and their ADMET (absorption, disrtibution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity properties were predicted. Finally, four compounds were obtained for the in vitro validation experiments. The results indicated that curcumin and salvianolic acid C can effectively inhibit hHMGR, with IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 4.3 µM and 8 µM, respectively. The present study also demonstrated the feasibility of discovering new drug candidates through structure-based virtual screening. Keywords: HMG-CoA reductase, virtual screening, curcumin, salvianolic acid C

  4. A retrospective histopathological survey on canine and feline liver diseases at the University of Tokyo between 2006 and 2012.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hirose, Naoki; Uchida, Kazuyuki; Kanemoto, Hideyuki; Ohno, Koichi; Chambers, James K; Nakayama, Hiroyuki

    2014-07-01

    To determine the incidence of hepatic diseases in dogs and cats in Japan, a retrospective study was performed using data of 463 canine and 71 feline liver biopsies at the Veterinary Medical Center of the University of Tokyo. The most common canine hepatic disease was microvascular dysplasia (MVD) and occupied 29.4% of all diagnoses. This terminology might contain "real" MVD and primary portal vein hypoplasia, because these two conditions were difficult to be clearly distinguished histopathologically. Parenchymal and interstitial hepatitis and primary hepatic tumors accounted for 23.5% and 21.0% of the diagnoses, respectively. Parenchymal and interstitial hepatitis occupied 34.1% of non-proliferative canine hepatic diseases, while hepatocellular adenoma and carcinoma were 26.6% and 24.5% of proliferative hepatic diseases, respectively. Breed-specificity was seen in MVD for Yorkshire terrier, Papillon and Toy poodle, in hepatitis for Doberman pinscher and Labrador retriever, in cholangiohepatitis for American cocker spaniel, Miniature schnauzer and Pomeranian, in hepatocellular adenoma for Golden retriever and Shiba and in hepatocellular carcinoma for Shih Tzu. The most common feline liver disease was parenchymal and interstitial hepatitis (45.1% of all diagnoses). Among feline hepatitis, neutrophilic cholangiohepatitis (23.9%), lymphocytic cholangiohepatitis (14.1%) and chronic hepatitis (5.6%) were recorded. Adult polycystic liver disease was 5.6%. Among proliferative diseases in the feline liver (11.3% of the all), lymphoma (4.2%) and primary epithelial tumors (4.2%) including hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocellular adenoma and cholangiocellular carcinoma were observed. Hepatic degeneration was 14.1%, and MVD was 12.7%, respectively.

  5. A review of omalizumab for the management of severe asthma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lin CH

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Ching-Hsiung Lin,1–3 Shih-Lung Cheng4,5 1Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory Care, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China; 3School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China; 4Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; 5Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Zhongli City, Taoyuan County, Taiwan, Republic of China Abstract: Despite the expansion of the understanding in asthma pathophysiology and the continual advances in disease management, a small subgroup of patients remain partially controlled or refractory to standard treatments. Upon the identification of immunoglobulin E and other inflammatory mediators, investigations and developments of targeted agents have thrived. Omalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that specifically targets the circulating immunoglobulin E, which in turn impedes and reduces subsequent releases of the proinflammatory mediators. In the past decade, omalizumab has been proven to be efficacious and well-tolerated in the treatment of moderate-to-severe asthma in both trials and real-life studies, most notably in reducing exacerbation rates and corticosteroid use. While growing evidence has demonstrated that omalizumab may be potentially beneficial in treating other allergic diseases, its indication remains confined to treating severe allergic asthma and chronic idiopathic urticaria. Future efforts may be focused on determining the optimal length of omalizumab treatment, seeking biomarkers that could better predict treatment response, as well as extending its indications. Keywords: severe asthma, IgE, omalizumab, exacerbation, chronic idiopathic urticarial, inhaled corticosteroid

  6. Population genetic study of 10 short tandem repeat loci from 600 domestic dogs in Korea.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moon, Seo Hyun; Jang, Yoon-Jeong; Han, Myun Soo; Cho, Myung-Haing

    2016-09-30

    Dogs have long shared close relationships with many humans. Due to the large number of dogs in human populations, they are often involved in crimes. Occasionally, canine biological evidence such as saliva, bloodstains and hairs can be found at crime scenes. Accordingly, canine DNA can be used as forensic evidence. The use of short tandem repeat (STR) loci from biological evidence is valuable for forensic investigations. In Korea, canine STR profiling-related crimes are being successfully analyzed, leading to diverse crimes such as animal cruelty, dog-attacks, murder, robbery, and missing and abandoned dogs being solved. However, the probability of random DNA profile matches cannot be analyzed because of a lack of canine STR data. Therefore, in this study, 10 STR loci were analyzed in 600 dogs in Korea (344 dogs belonging to 30 different purebreds and 256 crossbred dogs) to estimate canine forensic genetic parameters. Among purebred dogs, a separate statistical analysis was conducted for five major subgroups, 97 Maltese, 47 Poodles, 31 Shih Tzus, 32 Yorkshire Terriers, and 25 Pomeranians. Allele frequencies, expected (Hexp) and observed heterozygosity (Hobs), fixation index (F), probability of identity (P(ID)), probability of sibling identity (P(ID)sib) and probability of exclusion (PE) were then calculated. The Hexp values ranged from 0.901 (PEZ12) to 0.634 (FHC2079), while the P(ID)sib values were between 0.481 (FHC2079) and 0.304 (PEZ12) and the P(ID)sib was about 3.35 × 10(-)⁵ for the combination of all 10 loci. The results presented herein will strengthen the value of canine DNA to solving dog-related crimes.

  7. AG-221, a First-in-Class Therapy Targeting Acute Myeloid Leukemia Harboring Oncogenic IDH2 Mutations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yen, Katharine; Travins, Jeremy; Wang, Fang; David, Muriel D; Artin, Erin; Straley, Kimberly; Padyana, Anil; Gross, Stefan; DeLaBarre, Byron; Tobin, Erica; Chen, Yue; Nagaraja, Raj; Choe, Sung; Jin, Lei; Konteatis, Zenon; Cianchetta, Giovanni; Saunders, Jeffrey O; Salituro, Francesco G; Quivoron, Cyril; Opolon, Paule; Bawa, Olivia; Saada, Véronique; Paci, Angelo; Broutin, Sophie; Bernard, Olivier A; de Botton, Stéphane; Marteyn, Benoît S; Pilichowska, Monika; Xu, YingXia; Fang, Cheng; Jiang, Fan; Wei, Wentao; Jin, Shengfang; Silverman, Lee; Liu, Wei; Yang, Hua; Dang, Lenny; Dorsch, Marion; Penard-Lacronique, Virginie; Biller, Scott A; Su, Shin-San Michael

    2017-05-01

    Somatic gain-of-function mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenases ( IDH ) 1 and 2 are found in multiple hematologic and solid tumors, leading to accumulation of the oncometabolite ( R )-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). 2HG competitively inhibits α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and methylcytosine dioxygenases of the TET family, causing epigenetic dysregulation and a block in cellular differentiation. In vitro studies have provided proof of concept for mutant IDH inhibition as a therapeutic approach. We report the discovery and characterization of AG-221, an orally available, selective, potent inhibitor of the mutant IDH2 enzyme. AG-221 suppressed 2HG production and induced cellular differentiation in primary human IDH2 mutation-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells ex vivo and in xenograft mouse models. AG-221 also provided a statistically significant survival benefit in an aggressive IDH2 R140Q -mutant AML xenograft mouse model. These findings supported initiation of the ongoing clinical trials of AG-221 in patients with IDH2 mutation-positive advanced hematologic malignancies. Significance: Mutations in IDH1/2 are identified in approximately 20% of patients with AML and contribute to leukemia via a block in hematopoietic cell differentiation. We have shown that the targeted inhibitor AG-221 suppresses the mutant IDH2 enzyme in multiple preclinical models and induces differentiation of malignant blasts, supporting its clinical development. Cancer Discov; 7(5); 478-93. ©2017 AACR. See related commentary by Thomas and Majeti, p. 459 See related article by Shih et al., p. 494 This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 443 . ©2017 American Association for Cancer Research.

  8. FOLFIRI and regorafenib combination therapy with dose escalation of irinotecan as fourth-line treatment for patients with metastatic colon cancer according to UGT1A1 genotyping

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    Lu CY

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available Chien-Yu Lu,1,2 Yung-Sung Yeh,3–5 Ching-Wen Huang,5,6, Cheng-Jen Ma,4,5 Fang-Jung Yu,1,2 Jaw-Yuan Wang4–10 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, 2Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, 3Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, 4Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, 5Division of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 6Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, 7Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 8Department of Genomic Medicine, 9Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 10Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Abstract: Here we report a case of metastatic colon cancer treated with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and escalated doses of irinotecan (FOLFIRI combined with regorafenib in the fourth-line setting after uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A1 genotyping analysis. A 66-year-old male was initially diagnosed with Union Internationale Contre le Cancer stage III descending colon cancer and underwent curative surgery. He received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy; however, liver metastasis developed and a partial hepatectomy was performed thereafter. Unfortunately, pulmonary metastases and recurrent liver tumors were found despite a series of systemic treatments with multiple combinations of cytotoxic and biologic agents. Recently, a novel multikinase inhibitor, regorafenib, was approved for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to other therapeutic modalities. As further treatment, we combined regorafenib with FOLFIRI, which included dose escalations of irinotecan, after UGT1A1 genotyping analysis. The therapeutic results were promising, with the improvement in liver and pulmonary metastases being

  9. Reactive oxygen species mediate soft corals-derived sinuleptolide-induced antiproliferation and DNA damage in oral cancer cells

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    Chang YT

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Yung-Ting Chang,1,2,* Chiung-Yao Huang,3,* Jen-Yang Tang,4,5 Chih-Chuang Liaw,1,3 Ruei-Nian Li,6 Jing-Ru Liu,6 Jyh-Horng Sheu,1,3,7,8 Hsueh-Wei Chang6,9–12 1Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 2Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; 3Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 4Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 5Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 6Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 7Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 8Frontier Center for Ocean Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 9Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 10Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 11Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 12Research Center for Natural Products and Drug Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: We previously reported that the soft coral-derived bioactive substance, sinuleptolide, can inhibit the proliferation of oral cancer cells in association with oxidative stress. The functional role of oxidative stress in the cell-killing effect of sinuleptolide on oral cancer cells was not investigated as yet. To address this question, we introduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS scavenger (N-acetylcysteine [NAC] in a pretreatment to evaluate the sinuleptolide-induced changes to cell viability, morphology, intracellular

  10. Photoexcitation, photoionization and photofragmentation studies on Pyrosulfuryl chloride, (ClSO{sub 2}){sub 2}O, between 12 and 300 eV

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Betancourt, Angelica Moreno; Romano, Rosana M.; Erben, Mauricio F.; Gerones, Mariana; Berrueta Martinez, Y.; Rodriguez Pirani, Lucas; Della Vedova, Carlos O. [Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La PLata B.A. (Argentina); Cavasso Filho, R.L. [Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo Andre, SP (Brazil)

    2012-07-01

    Full text: Recent investigations in our research group have been dedicated to the elucidation of photochemical reaction mechanisms between small molecules, relevant as atmospheric contaminants or components. For example the photochemical gas-phase reaction between SO{sub 2}, O{sub 2} and Cl{sub 2} was studied and the reaction mechanisms were proposed on the basis of the isolation and identification of the products [1]. Molecules of the type ClSO{sub 2} (OSO{sub 2}){sub n}Cl, with n=1,2 and the novel peroxide ClSO{sub 2}OOSO{sub 2}Cl were determined, among others, as the main photoproducts. It was proposed that this reaction could play an important role in atmospheric chemistry, particularly in regions of high Cl{sub 2} and SO{sub 2} abundances. It was also suggested that it could account for chemical processes to explain the unexpectedly low oxygen content of the Venus stratosphere [2]. Pyrosulfuryl chloride, was prepared by the reaction of SO{sub 3} and CCl{sub 4},1 and subsequently purified by fractional distillation first, and then by trap-to-trap distillations in vacuum conditions. The identity and purity of the sample were checked by IR and Raman spectroscopy. The photoexcitation and photofragmentation in the energy region between 12 and 300 eV was studied. The Total Ion Yield (TIY) spectra show the S 2p, Cl 2p and S 2s edges, at 182.4, 212.4 and 236.6 eV, respectively. The most abundant ion detected in the PEPICO spectra, after the photoexcitation of the sample in the 12-21 eV energy region, was the ClSO{sub 2}{sup +} fragment (43.4% at 13 eV and 44.0% at 21 eV). At higher ionization energies, the atomization processes dominate the PEPICO spectra, being the abundances of O{sup +}, S{sup +} and Cl{sup +} 46.5, 15.9 and 22.2. [1] R. M. Romano, C.O. Della Vedova, H. Beckers, H. Willner. Inorganic Chemistry. 2009. 48 (5), 1906. [2] W. B. Demore, M.-T. Leu, R. H. Smith, Y. L. Yung., 1985, 63, 347-353. (author)

  11. El significado de drogas para el estudiante de enfermería según el modelo de creencias en salud de Rosenstock O significado de drogas para o aluno de enfermagem segundo o modelo de crenças em saúde de Rosenstock The meaning of drugs according to nursing undergraduate students considering the Rosenstock's health model

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Neris Marina Ortega de Medina

    2004-04-01

    Full Text Available Descubrir las percepciones que tienen los estudiantes de enfermería para la construcción del significado de drogas, fue el objetivo general de esta investigación. El estudiante de enfermería como persona joven y futuro profesional de la salud, está inmerso en un contexto cultural que inexorablemente le facilita el contacto con drogas legales e ilegales. Se trata de un diseño cualitativo descriptivo. La colecta de los datos fue realizada a ocho estudiantes de enfermería de ambos sexos mediante entrevista a profundidad semi-estructurada. Para el tratamiento de los datos se utilizó el análisis de temática. Se evidenciaron ocho categorías de creencias mediante las cuales el estudiante construye el significado de drogas.Descobrir as percepções que tem os estudantes de enfermagem para a construção do significado de drogas, foi o objetivo geral desta pesquisa. O estudante de enfermagem como pessoa jovem e futuro profissional de saúde, está imerso em um contexto cultural que inexorávelvente lhe facilita o contato com drogas legais e ilegais. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo descritivo. A coleta de dados foi realizada com estudantes de enfermagem de ambos os sexos através de entrevista semi-estruturada. Para o tratamento dos dados utilizou-se a análise temática. Evidenciaram-se oito categorias de crenças mediante as quais o estudante construiu o significado das drogas.To discover the perceptions that have the infirmary students for the construction of the meaning of drugs, was the general objetive of this investigation. The infirmary students luke yung person and professional future oh the health, this inmost in a cultural context that inexorably facilitates him the contact with legal and illegal drugs. It is a descriptive qualitative desing. The collection of the data was carried out eigth students infirmary of both sexes by means of interview to depth semi-structured. For treatment of the data you uses the tamatic analysis. Eigth

  12. Introduction of virtual patients onto a final year anesthesia course: Hong Kong experience

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    Joseph YC Leung

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available Joseph YC Leung1, Lester AH Critchley1, Alex LK Yung2, Shekhar M Kumta21Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, 2Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong KongAbstract: e-Learning has revolutionized the way in which undergraduate medical education is delivered. One e-learning tool of note is the virtual patient (VP, a type of computer software that simulates real-life clinical scenarios, in which the learner emulates the role of health care provider to obtain the history, conduct examination, and make diagnoses and management decisions. VPs have been in use since 1993. Early designs were based on serial screen-cards of patient history, examination, investigations, diagnoses, treatment, and outcome, which the learner explored. With the development of web technology, VPs can now be accessed via the Internet and are more versatile, supporting different structural designs to suit a variety of learning objectives, and they can branch via different routes through a case. Using VPs has a number of advantages: 1 VPs improve access to learning material, 2 VPs help learners to acquire higher order cognitive skills like strategic thinking and decision making, 3 VPs provide a safe environment to practice, 4 VPs help to teach interdisciplinary care, and 5 VPs can be used instead of patients for examination. A number of well-known VP player systems are in use today: CASUS, CAMPUS, web-based Simulation of Patients, OpenLabyrinth, and vpSim. At the Chinese University of Hong Kong, we have also developed a web-based VP authoring and player system called Formative Assessment Case Studies (FACS, which is run by our Teaching and Learning Resources Centre. FACS has been integrated into Year-5 Anesthesia teaching since 2006. Three VP products have been developed: Anaesthesia FACS (six cases that teaches preoperative assessment, Acute Pain Management FACS, and an

  13. Efficacy and safety of 0.75% ropivacaine instillation into subinguinal wound in patients after bilateral microsurgical varicocelectomy: a bi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cui WS

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Wan Shou Cui,1,* Yu Seob Shin,2,3,* Jae Hyung You,3 A Ram Doo,4 Kiran Kumar Soni,3 Jong Kwan Park3 1Andrology Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Urology, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, 3Department of Urology, Chonbuk National University and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute and Medical Device Clinical Trial Center of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, 4Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea *These authors contributed equally to this work Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 0.75% ropivacaine instillation into inguinal wound in patients who have undergone bilateral microsurgical varicocelectomy.Patients and methods: Eighty-five men who were screened for bilateral varicoceles from March 2015 to July 2016 were randomized for the treatment. All patients underwent inguinal varicocelectomy by general anesthesia. After ligation of the internal spermatic veins from the spermatic cord, additional delivery of testis through inguinal incision site was done to ligate external spermatic veins and gubernacular veins. Before repairing external oblique aponeurosis, 6 mL of 0.75% ropivacaine and 6 mL of normal saline were instilled under the fascia and around the funiculus (spermatic cord by a randomized and double-blind method. Visual analog scale (VAS pain score and Prince Henry Pain Score (PHPS were used for evaluating operative sites at 1, 2, 4, and 8 hours and 7 days after surgery. Safety and tolerability were evaluated throughout the course of this study by assessing adverse events.Results: A total of 55 men completed the study. Of these 55 men, 31 received instillation of ropivacaine on the left operative site, while 24 received instillation of ropivacaine on the right operative site. VAS pain scores and PHPS in

  14. Interaction of gelatin with polyenes modulates antifungal activity and biocompatibility of electrospun fiber mats

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    Lakshminarayanan R

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Rajamani Lakshminarayanan,1,2 Radhakrishnan Sridhar,3,4 Xian Jun Loh,5 Muruganantham Nandhakumar,1 Veluchamy Amutha Barathi,1,6 Madhaiyan Kalaipriya,3,4 Jia Lin Kwan,1 Shou Ping Liu,1,2 Roger Wilmer Beuerman,1,2 Seeram Ramakrishna3,4,7 1Singapore Eye Research Institute, 2Signature Research Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, 5Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 3 Research Link, Singapore, 6Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 7NUS Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, Singapore Abstract: Topical application of antifungals does not have predictable or well-controlled release characteristics and requires reapplication to achieve therapeutic local concentration in a reasonable time period. In this article, the efficacy of five different US Food and Drug Administration-approved antifungal-loaded (amphotericin B, natamycin, terbinafine, fluconazole, and itraconazole electrospun gelatin fiber mats were compared. Morphological studies show that incorporation of polyenes resulted in a two-fold increase in fiber diameter and the mats inhibit the growth of yeasts and filamentous fungal pathogens. Terbinafine-loaded mats were effective against three filamentous fungal species. Among the two azole antifungals compared, the itraconazole-loaded mat was potent against Aspergillus strains. However, activity loss was observed for fluconazole-loaded mats against all of the test organisms. The polyene-loaded mats displayed rapid candidacidal activities as well. Biophysical and rheological measurements indicate strong interactions between polyene antifungals and gelatin matrix. As a result, the polyenes stabilized the triple helical

  15. Papillary thyroid carcinoma risk factors in the Yunnan plateau of southwestern China

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    Zeng R

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Rong Zeng,1–3 Tao Shou,3 Kun-xian Yang,4 Tao Shen,5 Jin-ping Zhang,5 Rong-xia Zuo,5 Yong-qing Zheng,5 Xin-ming Yan5 1Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People’s Republic of China; 2Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People’s Republic of China; 3Medical Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, People’s Republic of China; 4Surgical Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province Kunming, People’s Republic of China; 5Institute of Clinical and Basic Medicine Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People’s Republic of China Objective: This study investigated clinical and pathological characteristics and risk factors in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC patients’ native to Yunnan plateau in southwestern China. Methods: Clinical data from 1,198 patients diagnosed with PTC (n=578 and control subjects (n=620 with benign thyroid disease (ie, thyroid nodule disease, benign thyroid diseases [BTD] in Yunnan province were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The mean patient age was lower for PTC than for BTD. Positive ratios of thyroid peroxidase antibody, thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb, and thyrotrophin receptor antibody (TRAb were higher in PTC than in BTD patients. The ratio of PTC coexisting with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT or with lymphocytic thyroiditis was higher than that of BTD. The number of patients whose age at menarche was ≤13 years, who had given birth to less than or equal to two children, or who were in premenopause were higher in the PTC than in the BTD group. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses revealed that age >45 years, nodal size >1 cm, and elevated TG levels were protective factors against PTC. Abnormally elevated TGAb and TRAb levels were independent risk factors for PTC in females

  16. Pseudomembranous colitis within radiotherapy field following concurrent chemoradiation therapy: a case report

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    Shen BJ

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Bing-Jie Shen,1 Shih-Chiang Lin,2 Pei-Wei Shueng,1,3 Yueh-Hung Chou,4 Li-Ming Tseng,5 Chen-Hsi Hsieh1,6,71Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 2Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 3Department of Radiation Oncology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; 4Department of Anatomical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 5Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 6Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; 7Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanAbstract: Development of nonantibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis has been reported in patients receiving chemotherapy. Herein, we report a case of a 70-year-old man with diabetes mellitus and hypertension who received concurrent chemoradiation therapy after surgery for stage III pT3N1M0 rectal cancer. After completion of the therapy, the patient presented with a 2-week history of intermittent watery diarrhea (seven to nine times per day. However, the patient was afebrile and laboratory examination revealed no evidence of leukocytosis. Computed tomography disclosed inflammation of the sigmoid colon, infiltrative changes around the anastomotic site, and edematous changes straddling the serosal surface. Colonoscopic examination revealed multiple whitish patches within the radiation field, a finding suggestive of pseudomembranous colitis. No concomitant antibiotics were used during the period of concurrent chemoradiation therapy. Empirical oral metronidazole (500 mg every 8 hours was administrated for 2 weeks. At the end of this treatment, stool culture was negative for Clostridium difficile. Physicians should be aware of the potential for the development of

  17. Association between muscle atrophy/weakness and health care costs and utilization among patients receiving total knee replacement surgery: a retrospective cohort study

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    Chen SY

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available Shih-Yin Chen,1 Ning Wu,1 Yuan-Chi Lee,1 Yang Zhao21Health Economics and Epidemiology, Evidera, Lexington, Massachusetts, 2Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USAPurpose: The aim of the study reported here was to examine health care resource utilization, costs, and risk of rehospitalization for total knee replacement (TKR patients with and without muscle atrophy/weakness (MAW.Patients and methods: Individuals aged 50–64 years with commercial insurance or 65+ years with Medicare Supplemental Insurance (Medicare who had a hospitalization for TKR between January 1, 2006 and September 30, 2009 were identified from a large US claims database. First hospitalization for TKR was defined as the index stay. All patients were classified into three cohorts according to when MAW was diagnosed relative to TKR: pre-MAW, post-MAW, and no MAW. The association between MAW and health care costs over the 12-month post-index period and the probability of rehospitalization were assessed via multivariate regressions.Results: The study sample included 53,696 Medicare and 46,058 commercial insurance TKR patients. Controlling for cross-cohort differences, both the pre- and post-MAW cohorts had significantly higher total health care costs (Medicare US$4,201 and US$9,404 higher, commercial insurance US$2,737 and US$6,640 higher, respectively than the no MAW cohort (all P < 0.05. The post-MAW cohort in both populations was also more likely to have any all-cause or replacement-related rehospitalization compared with the no MAW cohort.Conclusion: Among US patients undergoing TKR, those with MAW had higher health care utilization and costs than patients without MAW.Keywords: rehospitalization, resource utilization, Medicare, health insurance, USA

  18. EXERGY ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION LINE CANDIED FRUIT

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    V. D. Dem'шanov

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Summary. The task of exergy analysis - evaluation based on the second law of thermodynamics, thermodynamic degree of technical perfection of the whole system, as well as to identify those stages of a technical process, which contains the bulk of the loss of exergy in order to improve its efficiency. Using exergy analysis allows to solve a wide range of technical problems on the basis of a unified thermodynamic methods. Exergy analysis was performed by the method whereby thermotechnological system candied fruit production, conventionally separated from the environment of the closed control surface. Exchange scheme under consideration thermotechnological candied fruit production material, thermal and energy flows to the environment, as well as between the control surfaces. Exergy in external input material streams: air and water and citric acid, as well as output streams without having increment Shih-exergy in the process of passing through the reference surface - of running air-water and after washing, are in thermodynamic equilibrium with the surroundings is zero. In the total number of internal exergy losses include losses from the final result of the temperature difference in the heat exchange between the raw material to be dried and heated air electromechanical arising from irreversible alteration of structural and mechanical properties of the product, and the hydraulic loss due to the sudden increase of the specific volume of air as it enters the working chamber dryer. The resulting exergy efficiency is 8.87 %, which is 3.7 % higher than when using the technology of the prototype based on solar air-dried product. This indicates an increase in the degree of perfection of the thermodynamic system by using microwave heating of the product in combination with the removal of moisture in the atmosphere low temperature coolant, which precludes significant outside exergy loss on drying step.

  19. Creating an Instructor Presence in an Online Course at the Expense of Your TA's Life (A Small Price to Pay)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miller, Scott; Redman, S.

    2009-01-01

    Swan and Shih (2005) reported that the perceived presence of an instructor in an online course is influential in determining the satisfaction, if not the performance, of students in the course. To address this issue, we developed a series of 19 videos which not only demonstrate various astronomy concepts, but also provide the students with a voice, face and personality associated with the instructor and teaching assistant. To keep the students' attention throughout the videos, we also included humorous elements which involve the assistant (S. Redman) being injured in every video. These videos were first used during the Spring 2008 semester, when we taught an online course in introductory astronomy to almost 400 non-science majors at Penn State University. In order to assess the educational value of these videos, we presented identical questions to students of both the online course and a traditional face-to-face course which included Active-Collaborative Learning (ACL) taught by one of us (S. Miller), and received feedback from the online students via questionnaires. Students ranked our videos as moderately effective at explaining astronomical concepts as well as creating an instructor presence within the course. Compared to the ACL students, the online students performed equally well on questions related to topics covered in the videos. We also found a positive correlation between the effectiveness of the videos in creating an instructor presence and student attitudes towards the course. We discuss our approach to creating these videos, how they were used within an online course, students’ perception of the effectiveness of the videos, and their impact on student learning. You can find them by Googling "Astronomy 001" at video.google.com. We thank Digital Commons of Penn State for their assistance in producing the videos.

  20. Novel biodegradable sandwich-structured nanofibrous drug-eluting membranes for repair of infected wounds: an in vitro and in vivo study

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    Chan EC

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Dave Wei-Chih Chen1,2, Jun-Yi Liao3, Shih-Jung Liu2, Err-Cheng Chan41Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, 3Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics, 4School of Medical Technology, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, TaiwanBackground: The purpose of this study was to develop novel sandwich-structured nanofibrous membranes to provide sustained-release delivery of vancomycin, gentamicin, and lidocaine for repair of infected wounds.Methods: To prepare the biodegradable membranes, poly(D, L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA, collagen, and various pharmaceuticals, including vancomycin, gentamicin, and lidocaine, were first dissolved in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol. They were electrospun into sandwich-structured membranes with PLGA/collagen as the surface layers and PLGA/drugs as the core. An elution method and a high-pressure liquid chromatography assay were used to characterize in vivo and in vitro drug release from the membranes. In addition, repair of infected wounds in rats was studied. Histological examination of epithelialization and granulation at the wound site was also performed.Results: The biodegradable nanofibrous membranes released large amounts of vancomycin and gentamicin (well above the minimum inhibition concentration and lidocaine in vivo for more than 3 weeks. A bacterial inhibition test was carried out to determine the relative activity of the antibiotics released. The bioactivity ranged from 40% to 100%. The nanofibrous membranes were functionally active in treating infected wounds, and were very effective as accelerators in early-stage wound healing.Conclusion: Using the electrospinning technique, we will be able to manufacture biodegradable, biomimetic, nanofibrous, extracellular membranes for long-term delivery of various drugs.Keywords: nanofibrous, sandwich-structured, drug-eluting membranes, electrospinning, release characteristics, repair, wound

  1. A Nine-Year Follow-up Study of Sleep Patterns and Mortality in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Taiwan

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Hsi-Chung; Su, Tung-Ping; Chou, Pesus

    2013-01-01

    Study Objectives: To simultaneously explore the associations between mortality and insomnia, sleep duration, and the use of hypnotics in older adults. Design: A fixed cohort study. Setting: A community in Shih-Pai area, Taipei, Taiwan. Participants: A total of 4,064 participants over the age of 65 completed the study. Intervention: N/A. Measurements and Results: Insomnia was classified using an exclusionary hierarchical algorithm, which categorized insomnia as “no insomnia,” “subjective poor sleep quality,” “Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index > 5 insomnia,” “1-month insomnia disorder,” and “6-month insomnia disorder.” The main outcome variables were 9-year all-cause mortality rates. In the all-cause mortality analyses, when hypnotic use, depressive symptoms and total sleep time were excluded from a proportional hazards regression model, subjects with “Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index > 5 insomnia” had a higher mortality risk (HR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.01-1.45). In the full model, frequent hypnotic use and long sleep duration predicted higher mortality rates. However, the increased mortality risk for subjects with “Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index > 5 insomnia” was not observed in the full model. On the contrary, individuals with a 6-month DSM-IV insomnia disorder had a lower risk for premature death (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43-0.96). Conclusions: Long sleep duration and frequent hypnotics use predicted an increased mortality risk within a community-dwelling sample of older adults. The association between insomnia and mortality was affected by insomnia definition and other parameters related to sleep patterns. Citation: Chen HC; Su TP; Chou P. A nine-year follow-up study of sleep patterns and mortality in community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. SLEEP 2013;36(8):1187-1198. PMID:23904679

  2. K-Ca Dating of Alkali-Rich Fragments in the Y-74442 and Bhola LL-Chondritic Breccias

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yokoyama, T; Misawa, K.; Okano, O; Shih, C. -Y.; Nyquist, L. E.; Simon, J. I.; Tappa, M. J.; Yoneda, S.

    2013-01-01

    Alkali-rich igneous fragments in the brecciated LL-chondrites, Krahenberg (LL5) [1], Bhola (LL3-6) [2], Siena (LL5) [3] and Yamato (Y)-74442 (LL4) [4-6], show characteristic fractionation patterns of alkali and alkaline elements [7]. The alkali-rich fragments in Krahenberg, Bhola and Y-74442 are very similar in mineralogy and petrography, suggesting that they could have come from related precursor materials [6]. Recently we reported Rb-Sr isotopic systematics of alkali-rich igneous rock fragments in Y-74442: nine fragments from Y-74442 yield the Rb-Sr age of 4429 plus or minus 54 Ma (2 sigma) for lambda(Rb-87) = 0.01402 Ga(exp -1) [8] with the initial ratio of Sr-87/Sr-86 = 0.7144 plus or minus 0.0094 (2 sigma) [9]. The Rb-Sr age of the alkali-rich fragments of Y-74442 is younger than the primary Rb-Sr age of 4541 plus or minus 14 Ma for LL-chondrite whole-rock samples [10], implying that they formed after accumulation of LL-chondrite parental bodies, although enrichment may have happened earlier. Marshall and DePaolo [11,12] demonstrated that the K-40 - Ca-40 decay system could be an important chronometer as well as a useful radiogenic tracer for studies of terrestrial rocks. Shih et al. [13,14] and more recently Simon et al. [15] determined K-Ca ages of lunar granitic rocks, and showed the application of the K-Ca chronometer for K-rich planetary materials. Since alkali-rich fragments in the LL-chondritic breccias are highly enriched in K, we can expect enhancements of radiogenic Ca-40. Here, we report preliminary results of K-Ca isotopic systematics of alkali-rich fragments in the LL-chondritic breccias, Y-74442 and Bhola.

  3. The preparation and characterization of gold-conjugated polyphenol nanoparticles as a novel delivery system

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hsieh DS

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available Dar-Shih Hsieh1,2, Hsiu-Chin Lu5, Cheng-Cheung Chen1,3, Chang-Jer Wu1,*, Ming-Kung Yeh4,* 1Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan; 2Division of Urology, 3Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, 4Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defence Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; 5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan*These authors contributed equally to this workAbstract: Nanogold particles are commonly used in nanomedicine. We generated physical nanogold (pNG conjugated with different ratios of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG and evaluated its physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity in vitro as well as anticancer activity in vivo. Results showed that the EGCG-pNG conjugates were successfully prepared at ratios between 23:1 and 23:5, with the percentage of EGCG content increasing with the EGCG:pNG ratio from 23:1 (2.0% ± 0.02% to 23:5 (28% ± 0.3%. EGCG-pNG particles at ratios of 23:1 and 23:5 demonstrated significantly decreased size from 500 to 20 nm and decreasing zeta potentials of 21 mV to –22 mV, respectively. At a ratio of 23:2.5, the EGCG-pNG particles (27% EGCG, 50 nm in size, zeta potential of –8 mV showed longer EGCG activity half-life (110 days vs 5 hours, controlled release (2 hours vs 30 minutes, and higher antioxidant activity (four times, as well as inhibition of tumor cell growth, than controls. The present study indicated that EGCG-pNG possesses promising therapeutic potential, based on its strong free-radical scavenging and anticancer activities.Keywords: EGCG, nanoparticles, antioxidant, antitumor activity, nanogold

  4. How will we ensure the long-term sea ice data record continues?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stroeve, J. C.; Kaleschke, L.

    2017-12-01

    The multi-channel satellite passive microwave record has been of enormous benefit to the science community and society at large since the late 1970s. Starting with the launch of the Nimbus-7 Scanning Multi-Channel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) in October 1978, and continuing with the launch of a series of Special Sensor Microwave Imagers (SSM/Is) in June 1987 by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP), places previously difficult to monitor year-round, such as the polar regions, came to light. Together these sensors have provided nearly 4 decades of climate data records on the state of sea ice cover over the ocean and snow on land. This data has also been used to map melt extent on the large ice sheets, timing of snow melt onset over land and sea ice. Application also extend well beyond the polar regions, mapping important climate variables, such as soil moisture content, oceanic wind speed, rainfall, water vapor, cloud liquid water and total precipitable water. Today the current SSMIS operational satellite (F18) is 7 years old and there is no follow-on mission planned by the DMSP. With the end of the SSMI family of Sensors, will the polar regions once again be in the dark? Other sensors that may contribute to the long-term data record include the JAXA AMSR2 (5 years old as of May 2017), the Chinese Fen-Yung-3 and the Russian Meteor-N2. Scatterometry and L-band radiometry from SMOS and NASA's SMOS may also provide some potential means of extending the sea ice extent data record, as well as future sensors by the DoD, JAXA and ESA. However, this will require considerable effort to intercalibrate the different sensors to ensure consistency in the long-term data record. Differences in measurement approach, frequency and spatial resolution make this a non-trivial matter. The passive microwave sea ice extent data record is one of the longest and most consistent climate data records available. It provides daily monitoring of one of the most striking changes in

  5. Pretreatment combination of platelet counts and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio predicts survival of nasopharyngeal cancer patients receiving intensity-modulated radiotherapy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lin YH

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available Yu-Hsuan Lin,1 Kuo-Ping Chang,2 Yaoh-Shiang Lin,2,3 Ting-Shou Chang2–4 1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 2Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 3Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 4Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China Background: Increased cancer-related inflammation has been associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. The combination of platelet count and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (COP-NLR has related outcomes in several cancers, except for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC. This study evaluated the prognostic value of COP-NLR in predicting outcome in NPC patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT.Materials and methods: We analyzed the data collected from 232 NPC patients. Pretreatment total platelet counts, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR, and COP-NLR score were evaluated as potential predictors. Optimal cutoff values for NLR and platelets were determined using receiver operating curve. Patients with both elevated NLR (>3 and platelet counts (>300×109/L were assigned a COP-NLR score of 2; those with one elevated or no elevated value were assigned a COP-NLR a score of 1 or 0. Cox proportional hazards model was used to test the association of these factors and relevant 3-year survivals.Results: Patients (COP-NLR scores 1 and 2=85; score 0=147 were followed up for 55.19 months. Univariate analysis showed no association between pretreatment NLR >2.23 and platelet counts >290.5×109/L and worse outcomes. Multivariate analysis revealed that those with COP-NLR scores of 0 had better 3-year disease-specific survival (P=0.02, overall survival (P=0.024, locoregional relapse-free survival (P=0.004, and distant

  6. Lapatinib induces autophagic cell death and differentiation in acute myeloblastic leukemia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chen YJ

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Yu-Jen Chen,1–4 Li-Wen Fang,5 Wen-Chi Su,6,7 Wen-Yi Hsu,1 Kai-Chien Yang,1 Huey-Lan Huang8 1Department of Medical Research, 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, 3Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 4Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 5Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 6Research Center for Emerging Viruses, China Medical University Hospital, 7Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 8Department of Bioscience Technology, College of Health Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China Abstract: Lapatinib is an oral-form dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or ErbB/Her superfamily members with anticancer activity. In this study, we examined the effects and mechanism of action of lapatinib on several human leukemia cells lines, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL cells. We found that lapatinib inhibited the growth of human AML U937, HL-60, NB4, CML KU812, MEG-01, and ALL Jurkat T cells. Among these leukemia cell lines, lapatinib induced apoptosis in HL-60, NB4, and Jurkat cells, but induced nonapoptotic cell death in U937, K562, and MEG-01 cells. Moreover, lapatinib treatment caused autophagic cell death as shown by positive acridine orange staining, the massive formation of vacuoles as seen by electronic microscopy, and the upregulation of LC3-II, ATG5, and ATG7 in AML U937 cells. Furthermore, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine and knockdown of ATG5, ATG7, and Beclin-1 using short hairpin RNA (shRNA partially rescued lapatinib-induced cell death. In addition, the induction of phagocytosis and ROS production as well as the upregulation of surface markers CD14 and CD68 was detected in lapatinib-treated U937 cells, suggesting the induction of

  7. EDITORIAL: Reigniting innovation in the transistor Reigniting innovation in the transistor

    Science.gov (United States)

    Demming, Anna

    2012-09-01

    Today the transistor is integral to the electronic circuitry that wires our lives. When Bardeen and Brattain first observed an amplified signal by connecting electrodes to a germanium crystal they saw that their 'semiconductor triode' could prove a useful alternative to the more cumbersome vacuum tubes used at the time [1]. But it was perhaps William Schottky who recognized the extent of the transistor's potential. A basic transistor has three or more terminals and current across one pair of terminals can switch or amplify current through another pair. Bardeen, Brattain and Schottky were jointly awarded a Nobel Prize in 1956 'for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect' [2]. Since then many new forms of the transistor have been developed and understanding of the underlying properties is constantly advancing. In this issue Chen and Shih and colleagues at Taiwan National University and Drexel University report a pyroelectrics transistor. They show how a novel optothermal gating mechanism can modulate the current, allowing a range of developments in nanoscale optoelectronics and wireless devices [3]. The explosion of interest in nanoscale devices in the 1990s inspired electronics researchers to look for new systems that can act as transistors, such as carbon nanotube [4] and silicon nanowire [5] transistors. Generally these transistors function by raising and lowering an energy barrier of kBT -1, but researchers in the US and Canada have demonstrated that the quantum interference between two electronic pathways through aromatic molecules can also modulate the current flow [6]. The device has advantages for further miniaturization where energy dissipation in conventional systems may eventually cause complications. Interest in transistor technology has also led to advances in fabrication techniques for achieving high production quantities, such as printing [7]. Researchers in Florida in the US demonstrated field effect transistor

  8. Roles of the β 146 histidyl residue in the molecular basis of the Bohr Effect of hemoglobin: A proton nuclear magnetic resonance study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Busch, M.R.; Mace, J.E.; Ho, N.T.; Ho, Chien

    1991-01-01

    Assessment of the roles of the carboxyl-terminal β146 histidyl residues in the alkaline Bohr effect in human and normal adult hemoglobin by high-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy requires assignment of the resonances corresponding to these residues. By a careful spectroscopic study of human normal adult hemoglobin, enzymatically prepared des(His146β)-hemoglobin, and the mutant hemoglobins Cowtown (β146His → Leu) and York (β146His → Pro), the authors have resolved some of these conflicting results. By a close incremental variation of pH over a wide range in chloride-free 0.1 M N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid buffer, a single resonance has been found to be consistently missing in the proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of these hemoglobin variants. The results indicate that the contribution of the β146 histidyl residues is 0.52 H + /hemoglobin tetramer at pH 7.6, markedly less than 0.8 H + /hemoglobin tetramer estimated by study of the mutant hemoglobin Cowtown (β146His → Leu) by Shih and Perutz. They have found that at least two histidyl residues in the carbonmonoxy form of this mutant have pK values that are perturbed, and they suggest that these pK differences may in part account for this discrepancy. The results show that the pK values of β146 histidyl residues in the carbonmonoxy form of hemoglobin are substantially affected by the presence of chloride and other anions in the solvent, and thus, the contribution of this amino acid residue to the alkaline Bohr effect can be shown to vary widely in magnitude, depending on the solvent composition. These results demonstrate that the detailed molecular mechanisms of the alkaline Bohr effect are not unique but are affected both by the hemoglobin structure and by the interactions with the solvent components in which the hemoglobin molecule resides

  9. Targeting cancer stem cells: emerging role of Nanog transcription factor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wang ML

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Mong-Lien Wang,1 Shih-Hwa Chiou,2,3 Cheng-Wen Wu1,4–61Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; 3Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 4Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, 5Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; 6Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanAbstract: The involvement of stemness factors in cancer initiation and progression has drawn much attention recently, especially after the finding that introducing four stemness factors in somatic cells is able to reprogram the cells back to an embryonic stem cell-like state. Following accumulating data revealing abnormal elevated expression levels of key stemness factors, like Nanog, Oct4, and Sox2, in several types of cancer stem cells; the importance and therapeutic potential of targeting these stemness regulators in cancers has turned to research focus. Nanog determines cell fate in both embryonic and cancer stem cells; activating Nanog at an inappropriate time would result in cancer stem cells rather than normal pluripotent stem cells or differentiated somatic cells. Upregulated Nanog is correlated with poor survival outcome of patients with various types of cancer. The discoveries of downstream regulatory pathways directly or indirectly mediated by Nanog indicate that Nanog regulates several aspects of cancer development such as tumor cell proliferation, self-renewal, motility, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, immune evasion, and drug-resistance, which are all defined features for cancer stem cells. The current review paper illustrates the central role of Nanog in the regulatory networks of cancer malignant development and stemness acquirement, as well as in the communication between cancer cells and the surrounding stroma. Though a more defined model is needed to test the

  10. Developing a novel dual PI3K–mTOR inhibitor from the prodrug of a metabolite

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    Zhou Y

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Yan Zhou,1,2 Genyan Zhang,2 Feng Wang,2 Jin Wang,2 Yanwei Ding,2 Xinyu Li,2 Chongtie Shi,2 Jiakui Li,2 Chengkon Shih,2 Song You1 1The School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 2Department of Project Management, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology, Xuanzhu Pharma, Jinan, China Abstract: This study presents a process of developing a novel PI3K–mTOR inhibitor through the prodrug of a metabolite. The lead compound (compound 1 was identified with similar efficacy as that of NVP-BEZ235 in a tumor xenograft model, but the exposure of compound 1 was much lower than that of NVP-BEZ235. After reanalysis of the blood sample, a major metabolite (compound 2 was identified. Compound 2 exerted similar in vitro activity as compound 1, which indicated that compound 2 was an active metabolite and that the in vivo efficacy in the animal model came from compound 2 instead of compound 1. However, compound 1 was metabolized into compound 2 predominantly in the liver microsomes of mouse, but not in the liver microsomes of rat, dog, or human. In order to translate the efficacy in the animal model into clinical development or predict the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters in the clinical study using a preclinical model, we developed the metabolite (compound 2 instead of compound 1. Due to the low bioavailability of compound 2, its prodrug (compound 3 was designed and synthesized to improve the solubility. The prodrug was quickly converted to compound 2 through both intravenous and oral administrations. Because the prodrug (compound 3 did not improve the oral exposure of compound 2, developing compound 3 as an intravenous drug was considered by our team, and the latest results will be reported in the future. Keywords: PI3K, mTOR, NVP-BEZ235, prodrug, metabolite, antitumor

  11. Investigations of electropositive and electronegative RF discharges

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bryant, P.M.

    2000-01-01

    Electronegative RF discharges are extensively used in the semi-conductor industry for material processing. Despite this the subject of electronegative RF discharges has been largely neglected. The aim of this thesis is to investigate a RF oxygen discharge by mass/energy spectrometry, a retarding field analyser and an actively compensated Langmuir probe. Measurements are also obtained in argon for comparison. In this thesis pure oxygen will be used as this has relatively simple discharge chemistry with most of the rate constants well known. Ion energy analysis (Chapter 3) show the discharge to contract into the centre of the chamber at low pressures in both gases. The expected thinner peak of the oxygen ion energy distribution was not observed, this is shown to be due to RF modulation of the positive ions with collisions playing a role. The dominant positive ion in the discharge bulk and colliding in the sheath in oxygen was found to be O 2 + with less than 10% O + over the range of pressure investigated (Chapter 4). Various minor ions such as O 3 + and O 4 + were also observed. By actively compensating a Langmuir probe for the first three plasma harmonics it is shown that it is unnecessary to compensate when the amplitude of a given harmonic is comparable to the electron temperature (Chapter 5). A study of Langmuir probe measurements in argon (Chapter 7) has shown that the use of the collisionless Alien, Boyd and Reynolds theory leads to discrepancies in the measured electron densities. The correct density can be obtained by using the perturbation method of Shih and Levi, this corrects for ion-neutral collisions in electropositive plasmas only. This theory is extended to electronegative plasmas (Chapter 6) so that measurements of the negative ion density obtained from the collisionless theory of Arnemiya, Annaratone and Alien can be corrected. Langmuir probe measurements in oxygen indicate a peak in the negative ion density at around 3Pa and are found to be in good

  12. Clinical and economic outcomes among hospitalized patients with acute coronary syndrome: an analysis of a national representative Medicare population

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chen SY

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available Shih-Yin Chen,1 Concetta Crivera,2 Michael Stokes,1 Luke Boulanger,1 Jeffrey Schein2 1United BioSource Corporation, Lexington, MA, USA; 2Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA Objective: To evaluate the clinical and economic burden of acute coronary syndrome (ACS, a common cardiovascular illness, in the Medicare population. Methods: Data from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey were analyzed. Patients with incident hospitalization for ACS without similar events during the 6 months prior were included. Outcomes evaluated included inpatient mortality, 30-day mortality and readmission, subsequent hospitalization events, and total direct health care costs. Sample population weights were applied, accounting for multistage sampling design to obtain nationally representative estimates for the US Medicare population. Results: Between March 1, 2002 and December 31, 2006, we identified 795 incident ACS patients (mean age 76 years; 49% male representing 2,542,211 Medicare beneficiaries. The inpatient mortality rate was 9.71% and the 30-day mortality ranged from 10.96% to 13.93%. The 30-day readmission rate for surviving patients was 18.56% for all causes and 17.90% for cardiovascular disease (CVD-related diagnoses. The incidence of death since admission was 309 cases per 1000 person–years. Among patients discharged alive, the incidence was 197 for death, 847 for CVD-related admission, and 906 for all-cause admission. During the year when the ACS event occurred, mean annual total direct health care costs per person were US$50,458, with more than half attributable to inpatient hospitalization ($27,609. Conclusion: In this national representative Medicare population, we found a substantial clinical and economic burden for ACS. These findings suggest a continuing unmet medical need for more effective management of patients with ACS. The continuous burden underscores the importance of development of new interventions and/or strategies to

  13. Breyten Breytenbach in een zijspiegel: Het vizier van H.C. ten Berge Transnationale laterale beweging en particuliere “hetero-images” van een literaire actor/ Breyten Breytenbach Through H.C. ten Berge’s Looking-Glass: Transnational Lateral Movement and Particular “Hetero-Images” of a Writer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    T’Sjoen Yves

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available At the end of the 1960s and in the beginning of the 1970s the South African poet Breyten Breytenbach had poetry and drawings published in the leading literary magazine Raster. The editor in charge at the time, H.C. ten Berge, gave the experimental writer and socially engaged Sestiger (the literary modernizing movement in South Africa in the sixties pride of place in the line-ups of the Dutch modernist periodical. In the seventies, Ten Berge contributed to Vingermaan (1980, a collection of poems by Dutch writers (Lucebert, Kopland, Kouwenaar, Schierbeek in support of the anti-apartheid activist. From 1975 Breytenbach was imprisoned in South Africa for political reasons. He served seven years of a nine year sentence. At that time, in the eighties, the Netherlands organized a cultural and economical boycott against the racist regime in Pretoria. Later on, Ten Berge presented his own poems dedicated to Breytenbach in his book of poetry Nieuwe gedichten (1981 and in the collection Materia prima: Gedichten 1963-1993 (1993. Before and during the imprisonment of Breytenbach Ten Berge played an important role in the introduction of the writer in the Low Countries. From a cultural-sociological point of view Breytenbach’s presence in the Dutch language area can be described, in the terminology of Francoise Lionnet and Shu-mei Shih and later on used by Louise Viljoen, as a transnational lateral movement in his writing career. This paper deals with the cultural transmission of an important political and experimental author in the literary system of Afrikaans and English in South Africa into the Dutch system. From a bibliographical viewpoint this paper affords special attention to the publication of Breytenbach’s volume of poetry in Skryt: Om ’n sinkende skip blou te verf ([1972] 1976, Vingermaan (1980 and Nieuwe gedichten ([1981] 1987. Ten Berge played an important role in the introduction of Breytenbach to the Low Countries in the way he presented the

  14. Repeated vertebral augmentation for new vertebral compression fractures of postvertebral augmentation patients: a nationwide cohort study

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    Liang CL

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Cheng-Loong Liang,1 Hao-Kwan Wang,1 Fei-Kai Syu,2 Kuo-Wei Wang,1 Kang Lu,1 Po-Chou Liliang1 1Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; 2Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan Purpose: Postvertebral augmentation vertebral compression fractures are common; repeated vertebral augmentation is usually performed for prompt pain relief. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of repeat vertebral augmentation.Methods: We performed a retrospective, nationwide, population-based longitudinal observation study, using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD of Taiwan. All patients who received vertebral augmentation for vertebral compression fractures were evaluated. The collected data included patient characteristics (demographics, comorbidities, and medication exposure and repeat vertebral augmentation. Kaplan–Meier and stratified Cox proportional hazard regressions were performed for analyses.Results: The overall incidence of repeat vertebral augmentation was 11.3% during the follow-up until 2010. Patients with the following characteristics were at greater risk for repeat vertebral augmentation: female sex (AOR=1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–2.36, advanced age (AOR=1.60; 95% CI: 1.32–2.08, diabetes mellitus (AOR=4.31; 95% CI: 4.05–5.88, cerebrovascular disease (AOR=4.09; 95% CI: 3.44–5.76, dementia (AOR=1.97; 95% CI: 1.69–2.33, blindness or low vision (AOR=3.72; 95% CI: 2.32–3.95, hypertension (AOR=2.58; 95% CI: 2.35–3.47, and hyperlipidemia (AOR=2.09; 95% CI: 1.67–2.22. Patients taking calcium/ vitamin D (AOR=2.98; 95% CI: 1.83–3.93, bisphosphonates (AOR=2.11; 95% CI: 1.26–2.61, or calcitonin (AOR=4.59; 95% CI: 3.40–5.77 were less likely to undergo repeat vertebral augmentation; however, those taking steroids (AOR=7.28; 95% CI: 6.32–8.08, acetaminophen (AOR=3.54; 95% CI: 2.75–4.83, or nonsteroidal

  15. Dense Ocean Floor Network for Earthquakes and Tsunamis; DONET/ DONET2, Part2 -Development and data application for the mega thrust earthquakes around the Nankai trough-

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kaneda, Y.; Kawaguchi, K.; Araki, E.; Matsumoto, H.; Nakamura, T.; Nakano, M.; Kamiya, S.; Ariyoshi, K.; Baba, T.; Ohori, M.; Hori, T.; Takahashi, N.; Kaneko, S.; Donet Research; Development Group

    2010-12-01

    Yoshiyuki Kaneda Katsuyoshi Kawaguchi*, Eiichiro Araki*, Shou Kaneko*, Hiroyuki Matsumoto*, Takeshi Nakamura*, Masaru Nakano*, Shinichirou Kamiya*, Keisuke Ariyoshi*, Toshitaka Baba*, Michihiro Ohori*, Narumi Takakahashi*, and Takane Hori** * Earthquake and Tsunami Research Project for Disaster Prevention, Leading Project , Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) **Institute for Research on Earth Evolution, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) DONET (Dense Ocean Floor Network for Earthquakes and Tsunamis) is the real time monitoring system of the Tonankai seismogenic zones around the Nankai trough southwestern Japan. We were starting to develop DONET to perform real time monitoring of crustal activities over there and the advanced early warning system. DONET will provide important and useful data to understand the Nankai trough maga thrust earthquake seismogenic zones and to improve the accuracy of the earthquake recurrence cycle simulation. Details of DONET concept are as follows. 1) Redundancy, Extendable function and advanced maintenance system using the looped cable system, junction boxes and the ROV/AUV. DONET has 20 observatories and incorporated in a double land stations concept. Also, we are developed ROV for the 10km cable extensions and heavy weight operations. 2) Multi kinds of sensors to observe broad band phenomena such as long period tremors, very low frequency earthquakes and strong motions of mega thrust earthquakes over M8: Therefore, sensors such as a broadband seismometer, an accelerometer, a hydrophone, a precise pressure gauge, a differential pressure gauge and a thermometer are equipped with each observatory in DONET. 3) For speedy detections, evaluations and notifications of earthquakes and tsunamis: DONET system will be deployed around the Tonankai seismogenic zone. 4) Provide data of ocean floor crustal deformations derived from pressure sensors: Simultaneously, the development of data

  16. 專論／部落格使用者的資訊行為特徵研究／高世樺；林頌堅 | A Study of Features of Blog Users' Information Behaviors / Shih-Hua Kao; Sung-Chien Lin

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    高世樺、林頌堅

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available

    部落格已經成為諸多新科技中最具有影響力的媒體之一，並對於使用者的資訊尋求行為造成影響。本研究整理部落格的相關概念及功能，並以二十位部落格使 用者的訪談結果對部落格上的資訊尋求行為特徵進行描述。研究結果顯示，使用者在部落格的開始動機、連結方式、辨別標準、監看與提取方式等等都展現了十分豐 富的行為特徵，研究並發現；(1情感聯繫是受訪者經常提及的使用目標，並且這種動機也影響了各種行為特徵；(2使用者會依照自我的需求以及所處的情境 發展出合適的使用方式，這些新使用方式可能不同於發明者與推廣者所設想的最便於使用的功能；(3部落格上的個人經驗是使用者進行資訊尋求的主要原因之 一；(4豐富而精緻的圖像經常能夠吸引使用者進入部落格。

    Blog has already become one of the most influential media among new technologies, and has impacted on users’ information seeking behaviors. This research  utilized an interview survey to explore related concepts and unique functions of blog media. Interviews with 20 blog users were completed and analyzed to depict characteristics of information seeking behaviors founded in the use of blogs. The result shows that the users had performed a variety of behavioral features in motivations of using blogs, ways of linking from one blog to another, criteria of identification among blogs, methods of blog monitoring and extracting and so forth. Some major observations were also found during the interviews conducted: (1 emotion connection is frequently mentioned by users as one of their main purposes of using blogs, which can be found in each characteristic of information seeking behaviors; (2 when users use new functions of blog, based on their respective needs and situations they can develop their own strategies and methods, which can be very different from those provided or assumed by inventors and promoters; (3 personal experience shared by bloggers is one of the primary reasons why users employ blogs to find information needed; (4 abundant and delicate images embedded in blogs can always attract users’ attention.

    頁次：62-77

  17. Transition Processes in Superconducting Magnetic Systems; ПЕРЕХОДНЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ В СВЕРХПРОВОДЯЩИХ МАГНИТНЫХ СИСТЕМАХ

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sychev, V. V.; Zenkevich, V. B.; Andrianov, V. V. [Nauchno-Issledovatel' skij Institut Vysokih Temperatur, Moskva, SSSR (Russian Federation)

    1966-12-15

    The prospects for using MHD energy conversion depend in many ways on the feasibility of superconducting magnetic systems. The construction of large, efficient superconducting magnets requires in its turn detailed information about the phenomena occurring in the superconducting windings. The properties of superconducting windings are determined largely by the characteristic features of magnetic field penetration into the volume of the superconductor and by the processes associated with the transition of a part of the windings to the normal state. Accordingly, the programme for the development of a superconducting magnetic system for MHD generation includes investigations of these processes, in which the properties of superconducting windings are brought out most clearly. The experiments were carried out with a small solenoid. The results show that the transition of the superconducting windings to the normal state follows certain patterns. The authors also investigated processes associated with current variations in a superconducting solenoid; for example, they determined experimentally the relationship between the interlinkage of electric and magnetic circuits in the solenoid and the current, the residual interlinkage, the relationship between inductance and current, and the losses when the magnetic polarity of the solenoid is reversed, etc. They also consider the possibility of a theoretical generalization of their results. (author) [Russian] Perspektivnost' magnitogidrodinamicheskogo metoda preobrazovanija jenergii vo mnogom svjazana s vozmozhnost'ju ispol'zovanija sverhprovodjashhej magnitnoj sistemy. Dlja sozdanija bol'shih, jeffektivno rabotajushhih sverhprovodjashhih magnitov neobhodima v svoju ochered' detal'naja informacija o javlenijah, imejushhih mesto v sverhprovodjashhej obmotke. Specifika sverhprovodjashhej obmotki v znachitel'noj mere opredeljaetsja harakternymi osobennostjami proniknovenija magnitnogo polja v ob{sup e}m sverhprovodnika, a takzhe

  18. Real-world treatment patterns and opioid use in chronic low back pain patients initiating duloxetine versus standard of care

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrews JS

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available Jeffrey Scott Andrews,1 Ning Wu,2 Shih-Yin Chen,2 Xia Yu,2 Xiaomei Peng,1 Diego Novick1 1Global Health Outcomes, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 2Evidera, Lexington, MA, USA Abstract: To describe the use of pain medications in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP after initiating duloxetine or standard of care (SOC [muscle relaxants, gabapentin, pregabalin, venlafaxine, and tricyclic antidepressants] for pain management, pharmacy and medical claims from Surveillance Data, Inc (SDI Health were analyzed. Adult patients with CLBP who initiated duloxetine or SOC between November 2010 and April 2011 were identified. Treatment initiation was defined as no pill coverage for duloxetine or SOC in the previous 90 days. Included patients had no opioid use in the 90 days before initiation. Propensity score matching was used to select patients with similar baseline demographic and clinical characteristics for duloxetine and SOC cohorts. Compliance with index medication was assessed via medication possession ratio (MPR and proportion of days covered (PDC for 6 months after initiation. The proportion of patients receiving opioids and days on opioids after index date were assessed, and regression models were estimated to compare opioid use between cohorts. A total of 766 patients initiated duloxetine and 6,206 patients initiated SOC. After matching, 743 patients were selected for the duloxetine (mean age 57 years; female 74% and SOC (mean age 57 years; female 75% cohorts, respectively. Of the duloxetine cohort, 92% started on or below recommended daily dose (≤60 mg. The duloxetine cohort had significantly higher MPR (0.78 versus [vs] 0.60 and PDC (0.50 vs 0.31, were less likely to use opioids (45% vs 61%, and had fewer days on opioids (median 0 vs 7 days than the SOC cohort (all P < 0.001. After adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics, the duloxetine cohort initiated opioids later than the SOC cohort (hazard ratio 0.77, 95

  19. Effectiveness of high-intensity interval training on the mental and physical health of people with chronic schizophrenia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wu MH

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available Meng Hsiu Wu,1,2 Chin Pang Lee,1–3 Shih Chieh Hsu,1,3 Chia Ming Chang,1,3 Ching Yen Chen1–3 1Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; 2Men’s Health Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; 3School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan Background: Low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT is emerging as a time-efficient exercise strategy for improving cardiorespiratory fitness and for controlling blood sugar levels and hypertension. In addition, patient acceptance of HIIT may improve adherence to exercise programs. This study evaluated the effectiveness of HIIT for improving the mental and physical health of people with chronic schizophrenia. Methods: Twenty patients attending a psychiatric day care unit volunteered for an 8-week program of HIIT. Blood pressure, resting heart rate, body weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio were measured weekly. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score was recorded at baseline and at the end of the study. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI scores were recorded every 2 weeks. Results: Statistically significant changes occurred in the physical and mental parameters measured in the 18 patients who completed the study. Body weight, body mass index, resting heart rate, and pulse pressure decreased significantly. Mean arterial pressure and diastolic blood pressure increased significantly. Mental health scores improved, with the Negative Scale score decreasing from 31.17±5.95 to 27.78±3.57 (P<0.01 and the General Psychopathology Scale score from 14.28±2.16 to 13.00±1.72 (P<0.01. Positive Scale scores changed, but not significantly, from 12.28±2.27 to 12.33±2.00 (P=0.729. Scores on the BDI (from 19.56±15.28 to 15.89±14.33, P<0.001 and BAI (from 13.67±13.83 to 10.06±11.18, P=0.003 both improved significantly. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that HIIT has positive

  20. Rheological and fractal characteristics of unconditioned and conditioned water treatment residuals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dong, Y J; Wang, Y L; Feng, J

    2011-07-01

    limiting viscosity and sludge content of the conditioned WTRs, their mass fractal dimensions were calculated through the models proposed by Shih et al. (1990), which were 2.48 for these conditioned WTR aggregates. The results demonstrate that conditioned WTRs behave like weak-link flocs/aggregates. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  1. S164. “AT-RISK MENTAL STATES” PROGRAM IN LAUSANNE: INFLUENCE OF RECRUITMENT STRATEGIES ON THE RATE OF FALSE POSITIVES

    Science.gov (United States)

    Solida, Alessandra; Cleusix, Martine; Zorzi, Carline; Ferrari, Carina; Do, Kim Q; Conus, Philippe

    2018-01-01

    Abstract Background Various strategies have been proposed to improve recruitment of “at risk mental state” patients; they may have an impact on the type of patients who reach such programs. We describe the clinical program for “at-risk” patients implemented in 2014 in Lausanne and the characteristics of referrals over the years. Methods Help seeking patients aged 14 to 35 were initially referred by health care providers for a specialized evaluation in case of suspicion of a potential “prodromal psychotic state” and more recently selected by PQ-16 (Ising et al. 2012) (cut-off: 6/16). At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) was defined according to the Basic Symptoms criterion (COPER-COGDIS criteria) from the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument – Adult version (SPI-A) and to the Clinical High Risk criteria of the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS). ARMS patients underwent an extensive clinical evaluation (including Mini-SCID, SOFAS, MARDS, Yung Mania Scale, etc.) and were followed-up every 6 months over 3 years. Results Within a catchment area of 260 000 inhabitants, 110 patients have been referred to our center since 2014 and 100 completed the investigation. 29 (29%) fulfilled ARMS criteria, 52 (52%) didn’t and 19 (19%) were already psychotic. The proportion of true ARMS patients decreased progressively over the years from 45% in 2014 and 2015, to only 22 and 13.9 % in 2016 and 2017. In our sample of help-seekers, the group of patients ARMS- negative received mostly a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis (26/52 patients, 50%), associated with low psychosocial functioning, even when not in the precise range of at-risk criteria. Discussion The global prevalence (29%) of ARMS patients in our sample over the 4 years is marginally lower than previous reports on similar tertiary centers, which ranges from 33 to 51 % (Kline E., 2014). Our lower prevalence of ARMS patients within the sample may be linked to the limited resources we had to conduct an

  2. IQ discrepancy differentiates levels of fine motor skills and their relationship in children with autism spectrum disorders

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yu TY

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Tzu-Ying Yu,1 Willy Chou,2,3 Julie Chi Chow,4 Chien-Ho Lin,5 Li-Chen Tung,2,6 Kuan-Lin Chen7,8 1Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 2Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chi-Mei Medical Center, 3Department of Recreation and Health Care Management, Cha Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, 4Department of Pediatrics, 5Department of Psychiatry, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 6Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Da Chien General Hospital, Miaoli, 7Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 8Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan Purpose: We investigated 1 the impact of differences in intelligence quotient discrepancy (IQD on motor skills of preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD; 2 the relationships between IQD and motor skills in preschool-aged children with ASD. Methods: A total of 127 ASD preschool-aged children were divided into three groups according to the size of the IQD: IQD within 1 standard deviation (1SD; EVENIQ; n=81, discrepantly higher verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ; n=22; VIQ>performance intelligence quotient [PIQ] above 1SD [≥15 points], and discrepantly higher PIQ (n=24; PIQ>VIQ above 1SD [≥15 points]. Children’s IQD and motor skills were determined with the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence™ – Fourth Edition and the motor subtests of the Comprehensive Developmental Inventory for Infants and Toddlers (CDIIT, respectively. Results: One-way analysis of variance revealed significant group differences for the fine motor domain of the CDIIT and the visual–motor coordination subtest (F=3.37–4.38, p<0.05. Children with discrepantly higher PIQ were associated with better fine motor skills than were children with even IQD and those with discrepantly higher VIQ, and vice versa. IQD (PIQ

  3. Relationship between resistant hypertension and arterial stiffness assessed by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in the older patient

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chung CM

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Chang-Min Chung,1,2 Hui-Wen Cheng,2 Jung-Jung Chang,2 Yu-Sheng Lin,2 Ju-Feng Hsiao,2 Shih-Tai Chang,1 Jen-Te Hsu2,31School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 2Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 3Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, TaiwanBackground: Resistant hypertension (RH is a common clinical condition associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in older patients. Several factors and conditions interfering with blood pressure (BP control, such as excess sodium intake, obesity, diabetes, older age, kidney disease, and certain identifiable causes of hypertension are common in patients resistant to antihypertensive treatment. Arterial stiffness, measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV, is increasingly recognized as an important prognostic index and potential therapeutic target in hypertensive patients. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an association between RH and arterial stiffness. Methods: This study included 1,620 patients aged ≥65 years who were referred or self-referred to the outpatient hypertension unit located at a single cardiovascular center. They were separated into normotensive, controlled BP, and resistant hypertension groups. Home BP, blood laboratory parameters, echocardiographic studies and baPWV all were measured. Results: The likelihood of diabetes mellitus was significantly greater in the RH group than in the group with controlled BP (odds ratio 2.114, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.194–3.744, P=0.010. Systolic BP was correlated in the RH group significantly more than in the group with controlled BP (odds ratio 1.032, 95% CI 1.012–1.053, P=0.001. baPWV (odds ratio 1.084, 95% CI 1.016–1.156, P=0.015 was significantly correlated with the presence of RH. The other factors were negatively correlated with the existence of RH.Conclusion: In

  4. Neutralized solar energetic particles in the inner heliosphere: a parameter study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Xiao-Dong; Klecker, Berndt; Futaana, Yoshifumi; Cipriani, Fabrice; Barabash, Stas; Wieser, Martin

    2016-04-01

    Observations of Energetic Neutral Hydrogen Atoms During the 2006 December 5 Solar Flare, Astrophys. J. Lett., 693(1), L11. Wang, L., G. Li, A. Y. Shih, R. P. Lin, and R. F. Wimmer-Schweingruber (2014), Simulation of Energetic Neutral Atoms from Solar Energetic Particles, Astrophys. J. Lett., 793(2), L37.

  5. A Study on the Establishment of Pochonka and Chonmun yucho in the Early Choson Dynasty

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ahn, Sang-Hyeon

    2009-12-01

    We investigated the formation of Pochonka (Song of the Sky Pacers) and Chonmun yucho (Selected and classified writings on astrology) of the early Choson dynasty. We recognized that the songs in these books were deeply influenced by those in a Chinese book Tong-zhi published in 1161 A.D., based on the following facts; the contents of both treatises are described in the same order; the first phrase of the song for Thai-wei-yuan has composed of five words rather than seven words; in particular, Choson's Pochonka has the song that describes the position of the Milky Way relative to asterisms, which was supplemented by the author Zheng Qiao. Since Tong-zhi were brought into Koryo in 1364 A.D., Choson's Pochonka must be formed after that time. In particular, compared with Chinese Pu-tien-ko, Choson's Pochonka stresses the colors of asterisms in order to represent the origin of each asterism with respect to the astronomers, Shih-shen, Kan-te, and Wu-Hsien. We also find that the star-charts in Pochonka and Chonsang-yolcha-punyajido (Chart of the asterisms and the regions they govern) published in the early Choson dynasty are significantly similar in names, number of stars, and shapes of asterisms in them. This fact means that the star-charts in Pochonka originated from either the parent chart of Chonsang-yolcha-punyajido or Chonsang-yolcha-punyajido itself. The parent rubbing was reappeared in 1392 A.D. and carved on stele in 1396 A.D., and so the publication of Pochonka can be dated back to A.D. 1392. Chonmun yucho is a book that was formed by footnoting Pochonka with astrological descriptions in Chinese treatises. The formation period of Chonmun yucho is estimated to be 1440-1450 A.D. from the facts such as the biographical survey of the author Yi Sunji. Furthermore, Pochonka was adopted as a textbook of the government service examination for the astronomy division in Soungwan or the Royal Bureau of Astronomy in 1430 A.D.. We inferred from these facts that Choson

  6. A Study on the Establishment of Pochonka and Chonmun yucho in the Early Choson Dynasty

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sang-Hyeon Ahn

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available We investigated the formation of Pochonka (Song of the Sky Pacers and Chonmun yucho (Selected and classified writings on astrology of the early Choson dynasty. We recognized that the songs in these books were deeply influenced by those in a Chinese book Tong-zhi published in 1161 A.D., based on the following facts; the contnts of both treatises are described in the same order; the first phrase of the song for Thai-wei-yuan has composed of five words rather than seven words; in particular, Choson`s Pochonka has the song that describes the position of the Milky Way relative to asterisms, which was supplemented by the author Zheng Qiao. Since Tong-zhi were brought into Koryo in 1364 A.D., Choson`s Pochonka must be formed after that time. In particular, compared with Chinese Pu-tien-ko, Choson`s Pochonka stresses the colors of asterisms in order to represent the origin of each asterism with respect to the astronomers, Shih-shen, Kan-te, and Wu-Hsien. We also find that the star-charts in Pochonka and Chonsang-yolcha-punyajido (Chart of the asterisms and the regions they govern published in the early Choson dynasty are significantly similar in names, number of stars, and shapes of asterisms in them. This fact means that the star-charts in Pochonka originated from either the parent chart of Chonsang-yolcha-punyajido or Chonsang-yolcha-punyajido itself. The parent rubbing was reappeared in 1392 A.D. and carved on stele in 1396 A.D., and so the publication of Pochonka can be dated back to A.D. 1392. Chonmun yucho is a book that was formed by footnoting Pochonka with astrological descriptions in Chinese treatises. The formation period of Chonmun yucho is estimated to be 1440-1450 A.D. from the facts such as the biographical survey of the author Yi Sunji. Furthermore, Pochonka was adopted as a textbook of the government service examination for the astronomy division in Soungwan or the Royal Bureau of Astronomy in 1430 A.D.. We inferred from these facts

  7. The Management of Nuclear Materials in a Research Establishment; Gestion des Matieres Nucleaires dans un Centre de Recherche; Uchet yadernykh materialov v nauchno-issledovatel'skom uchrezhdenii; Administracion de Sustancias Nucleares en un Centro de Investigaciones

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wright, W. J.; Hocking, D. R. [Australian Atomic Energy Commission Research Establishment, Lucas Heights, NSW (Australia)

    1966-02-15

    control de la calidad, tropiezan los suministradores cuando se compran pequenas cantidades de materiales muy diversos. (author) [Russian] Daetsja obzor funkcij sistemy ucheta jadernyh materialov v svjazi s dejatel'nost'ju nauchno- issledovatel'skih uchrezhdenij. Poskol'ku opyty s jadernymi materialami obychno ne povtorjajutsja, vozmozhnosti usta- novlenija statisticheskogo kachestvennogo i kolichestvennogo kontrolja ochen' neveliki. Pojetomu risk oshibki pri uchete materiala dolzhen ustanavlivat'sja, ishodja iz otnositel'no malogo kolichestva analiticheskih izmerenij. Izlagajutsja svjazannye s jetim momenty. Analogichnye dovody ispol'zujutsja dlja illjustracii trudnosti kachestvennogo kontrolja pri pokupke raznoobraznyh materialov v nebol'shih kolichestvah. (author)

  8. In vivo tumor targeting and imaging with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody-conjugated dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hsieh WJ

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Wan-Ju Hsieh,1 Chan-Jung Liang,1 Jen-Jie Chieh,4 Shu-Huei Wang,1 I-Rue Lai,1 Jyh-Horng Chen,2 Fu-Hsiung Chang,3 Wei-Kung Tseng,4–6 Shieh-Yueh Yang,4 Chau-Chung Wu,7 Yuh-Lien Chen11Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, 2Department of Electrical Engineering, 3Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; 4Institute of Electro-Optical Science and Technology, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; 5Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 6Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, I-Shou University, Taipei, Taiwan; 7Department of Internal Medicine and Primary Care Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanBackground: Active targeting by specific antibodies combined with nanoparticles is a promising technology for cancer imaging and detection by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether the systemic delivery of antivascular endothelial growth factor antibodies conjugating to the surface of functionalized supermagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (anti-VEGF-NPs led to target-specific accumulation in the tumor.Methods: The VEGF expression in human colon cancer and in Balb/c mice bearing colon cancers was examined by immunohistochemistry. The distribution of these anti-VEGF-NPs particles or NPs particles were evaluated by MRI at days 1, 2, or 9 after the injection into the jugular vein of Balb/c mice bearing colon cancers. Tumor and normal tissues (liver, spleen, lung, and kidney were collected and were examined by Prussian blue staining to determine the presence and distribution of NPs in the tissue sections.Results: VEGF is highly expressed in human and mouse colon cancer tissues. MRI showed significant changes in the T*2 signal and T2 relaxation in the anti-VEGF-NP- injected-mice, but not in mice injected with NP alone. Examination of paraffin

  9. Comparative Study of the Methods Used for the Computer Resolution of Composite Gamma-Ray Spectra; Etude Comparative des Methodes Utilisees pour la Resolution de Spectres Gamma Complexes au Moyen d'un Ordinateur; Sravnitel'noe izuchenie metodov razresheniya sostavnykh gamma-spektrov pri pomoshchi schetno-reshayushchego ustrojstva; Estudio Comparativo de los Metodos Aplicados para Resolver Espectros Gamma Complejos Mediante Calculadoras

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    DeHaan, A. Jr.; Leventhal, L.; Benson, P. [Tracerlab, Richmond, CA (United States)

    1965-10-15

    mnogokomponentnye sistemy. Vyrabotan metod ispol'zovanija schetno-reshajushhego ustrojstva, normalizujushhij gamma-spektry dlja svedenija k minimumu jeffekta smeshhenija spektrometra, kotoryj projavljaetsja s techeniem vremeni, i prevrashhajushhij spektr v jenergeticheskuju sistemu koordinat. Pri pomoshhi razlichnyh metodov i s osobym uporom na proby s maloj aktivnost'ju issledovalis' jeffekty ''neozhidannogo fotopika'', komponenta nulevoj intensivnosti i perekryvajushhihsja pikov na kachestvo razreshenija. Issledovany naibolee shiroko rasprostranennye matematicheskie metody razlozhenija sostavnyh gamma-spektro v na sostavnye chasti. Bol'shaja chast' jetih metodov vedet k opredeleniju koncentracij razlichnyh gamma-izluchatelej pri pomoshhi odnogo iz sledujushhih sposobov: 1 . Posledovatel'noe iskljuchenie radioizotopov s fotopikami naibol'shih jenergij, dlja chego chistyj individual'nyj spektr vychitaetsja iz sostavnogo spektra vplot' do ego polnogo razreshenija. 2. Razreshenie pika bez otdelenija produktov delenija. 3. Sostavlenie rjada odnovremennyh linejnyh uravnenij, chislo kotoryh ravno chislu vhodjashhih v smes' radioizotopov, i razreshenie jetih uravnenij. 4. Opredelenie neizvestnyh koncentracij po metodu prostyh ili vzveshennyh naimen'shih kvadratov. 5. Sovmeshhenie statisticheskogo metoda s metodom naimen'shih kvadratov putem ispol'zovanija stupenchatoj mnogokratnoj linejnoj regressii, chto javljaetsja popytkoj vkljuchit' v analiz processy rassuzhdenij. Dlja kazhdogo analiticheskogo metoda, v sluchae primenenija ego k mnogosostavnym smesjam radioizotopov, dajutsja statisticheskie ocenki velichiny pogreshnosti, s kotoroj mozhet byt' opredelena ih koncentracija. (author)

  10. The Scottish Research Reactor Centre and its Facilities for the Production and Exploitation of Short-Lived Radioisotopes; Le Réacteur de Recherche Ecossais et ses Installations pour la Production et l'Exploitation des Radioisotopes a Courte Periode; ШОТЛАНДСКИЙ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЙ РЕАКТОРНЫЙ ЦЕНТР И ЕГО ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ СРЕДСТВА ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ КОРОТКОЯИВУШХ РАДИОИЗОТОПОВ; El Centro del Reactor de Investigacion de Escocia y sus Instalaciones para la Produccion y Empleo de Radioisotopos de Periodo Corto

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ward, A. [The Royal College of Science and Technology, Glasgow, Scotland (United Kingdom)

    1963-03-15

    , cuartos oscuros, laboratorios para trabajar con actividades del orden del microcurie, criaderos de animales, laboratorios biologicos y quimicos, local de recuento de baja actividad de fondo, sala de conferencias y biblioteca. Se espera que las investigaciones abarquen muchos campos cientificos y tecnologicos. Gran parte de los trabajos se efectuaran con ayuda de radioisotopos de periodo corto. La memoria describe algunos de los proyectos mas caracteristicos. (author) [Russian] V nastojashhee vremja vedetsja stroitel'stvo Shotlandskogo issledovatel'skogo reaktornogo centra, kotoryj vstupit v stroj k vesne 1963 goda. Ustanovka predstavljaet soboj reaktor bakovogo tipa moshhnost'ju 100 kvt s vodjanym ohlazhdeniem i vodografitovym zamedlitelem pri ispol'zovanii obogashhennogo topliva (uran{sup 235}). Jeksperimental'noe tehnicheskoe oborudovanie vkljuchaet bol'shuju teplovuju kolonnu., bol'shoj vodjanoj bak s zashhitoj, a takzhe ustanovku dlja proizvodstva radioizotopov s pnevmaticheskim transporterom. V centre aktivnoj zony imejutsja tri skvoznye truby; imeetsja takzhe odna skvoznaja truba v teplovoj kolonne,a takzhe neskol'ko nebol'shih central'nyh vertikal'nyh stringerov i odin vertikal'nyj stringer secheniem v dkjmov, dohodjashhie do centra aktivnoj zony reaktora. Mnogo gorizontal'nyh stringerov prohodit cherez teplovuju kolonnu, prichem central'nyj stringer prohodit na rasstojanii odnogo dkjma ot toplivnogo baka. V dopolnenie k reaktornomu tehnicheskomu oborudovanie imeetsja mnozhestvo nebol'shih laboratorij. Jeti laboratorii vkljuchajut oborudovanie dlja poluchenija gorjachih istochnikov i raboty s nimi, a takzhe komnatu dlja pereodevanija, jelektricheskie i mehanicheskie masterskie, temnye komnaty, laboratorii dlja raboty s mikrokjurievymi kolichestvami, pomeshhenie dlja zhivotnyh, biologicheskuju i himicheskuju laboratorii, schetnuju komnatu s nizkim urovnem fona, lekcionnyj zal i biblioteku. Predpolagaetsja, chto issledovanija budut kasat'sja mnogih nauchnyh i

  11. Book Reviews

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Soemarsaid Moertono

    1969-07-01

    Full Text Available - D. van der Horst, Albert Herrmann, An historical atlas of China. New edition by Norton Ginsburg. Djambatan N.V., Amsterdam 1966. 88 pp. - A.F.P. Hulsewé, F.S. Drake, Symposium of historical, archaeological and linguistic studies on Southern China, South-East Asia and the Hongkong region. Proceedings of a meeting held in September 1961 as part of the Golden Jubilee Congress of the University of Hongkong. Hongkong, Hongkong University Press, 1967. X + 370 pp. - D.R. Jonker, Liu Shih-Shun, One hundred and one Chinese poems. With English translations and preface. UNESCO Collection of Representative Works, Chinese Series; Hong Kong University Press, 1967. XXXIX + 173 pp. - M.A.P. Meilink-Roelofsz, A. Das Gupta, Malabar in Asian trade 1740-1800. Cambridge South Asian Studies. Cambridge U.P. 1967. XII, 204 blz. Met krt. - C.R. Hooijer, Per Sorensen, Ban-Kao, Neolithic settlements with cemeteries in the Kanchanaburi Province. 140 pp., 140 plates, 4 maps, figs. The Thai-Danish Prehistoric Expedition 1960-62, Archaeological Excavations in Thailand, Vol. II. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1967. - C.R. Hooijer, H.R. van Heekeren, Sai-Yok, Stone-age settlements in the Kanchanaburi Province. 129 pp., 33 plates, 47 figs. The Thai-Danish Prehistoric Expedition 1960-1962, Archaeological Excavations in Thailand, Vol. I. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1967., Eigil Knuth (eds. - Th. G. Th. Pigeaud, C. Hooykaas, Bagus Umbara, Prince of Koripan. The story of a prince of Bali and a princess of Java, illustrated on palm leaves by a Balines artist. With Balinese text and English translation by Dr C. Hooykaas, Reader in Old Javanese, University of London. Published by the Trustees of the British Museum, London, 1968. 55 pp., 9 illustrations, 31 x 25 cm. - H.J. de Graaf, Soemarsaid Moertono, State and statecraft in old Java: A study of the late Mataram period 16th to 19th century. Monograph series Modern Indonesia Project. Southeast Asia Program Department of Asian Studies. Cornell

  12. Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems ameliorate the oral delivery of silymarin in rats with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chen CH

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Chun-Han Chen,1,2 Cheng-Chih Chang,1 Tsung-Hsien Shih,2 Ibrahim A Aljuffali,3 Ta-Sen Yeh,4,5 Jia-You Fang6–8 1Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 2Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 3Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5School of Medicine, College of Medicine, 6Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, 7Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, 8Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan Abstract: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB is a popular surgery to reduce the body weight of obese patients. Although food intake is restricted by RYGB, drug absorption is also decreased. The purpose of this study was to develop novel self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS for enhancing the oral delivery of silymarin, which has poor water solubility. The SNEDDS were characterized by size, zeta potential, droplet number, and morphology. A technique of RYGB was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats. SNEDDS were administered at a silymarin dose of 600 mg/kg in normal and RYGB rats for comparison with silymarin aqueous suspension and polyethylene glycol (PEG 400 solution. Plasma silibinin, the main active ingredient in silymarin, was chosen for estimating the pharmacokinetic parameters. SNEDDS diluted in simulated gastric fluid exhibited a droplet size of 190 nm with a spherical shape. The nanocarriers promoted silibinin availability via oral ingestion in RYGB rats by 2.5-fold and 1.5-fold compared to the suspension and PEG 400 solution, respectively. A significant double-peak concentration of silibinin was detected for RYGB rats receiving SNEDDS. Fluorescence

  13. Effect of allergic phenotype on treatment response to inhaled bronchodilators with or without inhaled corticosteroids in patients with COPD

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cheng S

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Shih-Lung Cheng,1,2 Hsu Hui Wang,1 Ching-Hsiung Lin3–5 1Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 2Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, 3Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 4Department of Respiratory Care, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, 5School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD is a heterogeneous disorder encompassing different phenotypes with different responses to treatment. The present 1-year, two-center hospital-based study investigated whether the plasma immunoglobulin E (IgE level and/or eosinophil cell count could be used as biomarkers to stratify patients with COPD according to predicted responses to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS-based therapy. Methods: A hospital-data based cohort study of COPD patients treated at two territory hospital centers was conducted for 1 year. Allergic biomarkers, including blood eosinophil counts and IgE levels, were assessed at baseline. Lung function parameters, including forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1, forced vital capacity (FVC, and the COPD Assessment Test (CAT, were also evaluated. The frequencies of acute exacerbation (AE and pneumonia were also measured. Eosinophilia and a high IgE level were defined as >3% and 173 IU/mL, respectively. Results: A total of 304 patients were included. Among patients with eosinophilia and high IgE levels, ICS-based therapy was associated with significant improvements in FEV1, FVC, and CAT scores, compared with bronchodilator (BD therapy (P≤0.042. ICS-based therapy was also associated with a significantly lower incidence of AE vs BD-based therapy (11.7% vs 24.1%; P<0.008. Among patients with only eosinophilia, ICS-based therapy yielded significantly better CAT score results vs BD-based treatment

  14. Artificial Intelligence Learning Semantics via External Resources for Classifying Diagnosis Codes in Discharge Notes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lin, Chin; Hsu, Chia-Jung; Lou, Yu-Sheng; Yeh, Shih-Jen; Lee, Chia-Cheng; Su, Sui-Lung; Chen, Hsiang-Cheng

    2017-11-06

    extracted enough concepts to predict the diagnosis codes. Word embedding combined with a CNN showed outstanding performance compared with traditional methods, needing very little data preprocessing. This shows that future studies will not be limited by incomplete dictionaries. A large amount of unstructured information from free-text medical writing will be extracted by automated approaches in the future, and we believe that the health care field is about to enter the age of big data. ©Chin Lin, Chia-Jung Hsu, Yu-Sheng Lou, Shih-Jen Yeh, Chia-Cheng Lee, Sui-Lung Su, Hsiang-Cheng Chen. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 06.11.2017.

  15. The prevalence and correlates of the positive Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male (ADAM questionnaire among psychiatric outpatients: a cross-sectional survey of 176 men in a general hospital in Taiwan

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lee CP

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Chin-Pang Lee,1,2 Yu Chen,2–4 Kun-Hao Jiang,2,4,5 Chun-Lin Chu,1,2,4 Shih-Chieh Hsu,1,2,4 Jiun-Liang Chen,2,4,5 Ching-Yen Chen1,2,41Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; 2Men’s Health Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 3Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; 4School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan; 5Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, TaiwanIntroduction: The Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male (ADAM questionnaire is widely used to screen for late-onset hypogonadism. The positive response to the ADAM questionnaire (positive ADAM has been associated with depression and poorer quality of life in a number of studies. It is unclear whether there is any value of the ADAM questionnaire in psychiatric populations. In this study, we aimed to determine the utility of the ADAM questionnaire in a convenient sample of male psychiatric outpatients.Methods: One hundred and seventy-six men (mean age: 54.3 years; standard deviation: 10.7 years; range: 40–80 years completed the ADAM questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS, and the Aging Males’ Symptoms (AMS scale. Anxiety was defined as a HADS anxiety subscore ≥8; depression as a HADS depression subscore ≥8; and moderate/severe impairment of health-related quality of life (HQoL as AMS ≥37. ADAM, anxiety, and depression was used to model the moderate/severe impairment of HQoL.Results: One hundred and sixty-four (93% men had positive ADAM. Positive ADAM was associated with a lower body mass index (P<0.05 and moderate/severe impairment of HQoL (P<0.001, but was not associated with anxiety or depression (P>0.05. Positive ADAM was associated with five symptoms of the AMS scale: “decline of one’s feeling of general well-being”, “depressive mood”, and three sexual symptoms. In regression analysis, positive ADAM was associated with

  16. MicroRNA-142-3p is involved in regulation of MGMT expression in glioblastoma cells

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lee YY

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available Yi-Yen Lee,1,2,* Aliaksandr A Yarmishyn,3,4,* Mong-Lien Wang,3,4 Hsiao-Yun Chen,4,5 Shih-Hwa Chiou,3–5 Yi-Ping Yang,4,5 Chun-Fu Lin,1,2 Pin-I Huang,2,6 Yi-Wei Chen,2,6 Hsin-I Ma,7 Ming-Teh Chen1,2 1Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 2Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 3Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, 4Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 5Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, 6Cancer Center, Radiation Oncology Division, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 7Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM is the most malignant brain tumor, and there is no effective treatment strategy. Patients with GBM have a median overall survival of only 14.6 months. Current treatment consists of safe and maximal surgical excision, followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy and maintenance chemotherapy. There are several obstacles that hinder the effectiveness of this aggressive treatment. Temozolomide (TMZ is an oral alkylating drug that acts through alkylating the O6 position of guanine in DNA that leads to cell death. However, the expression and enzymatic activity of the DNA repair protein MGMT limits the therapeutic benefit from treatment with TMZ. MGMT reduces the efficacy of alkylating drugs by removing the methyl or alkyl group from damaged O6-methylguanine. Expression levels of MGMT play an important role in the outcome of GBM patients. miRNAs are a group of small regulatory RNAs that control target gene expression by binding to mRNAs. miR-142-3p has been found to be an important factor in the development and maintenance of the oncogenic state. Results: In this study, we sought to investigate whether miR-142-3p can regulate MGMT gene expression in GBM cells

  17. Development of betulinic acid as an agonist of TGR5 receptor using a new in vitro assay

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lo SH

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Shih-Hsiang Lo,1,2 Kai-Chung Cheng,3 Ying-Xiao Li,3,4 Chin-Hong Chang,4,5 Juei-Tang Cheng,4,6 Kung-Shing Lee7,8 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Zhongxing Branch of Taipei City Hospital, 2Department of History and Geography, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan; 3Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan; 4Department of Medical Research, 5Department of Neurosurgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, 6Institute of Medical Science, College of Health Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, 7Department of Surgery, Pingtung Hospital, 8Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Background: G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1, also known as TGR5 is known to be involved in glucose homeostasis. In animal models, treatment with a TGR5 agonist induces incretin secretion to reduce hyperglycemia. Betulinic acid, a triterpenoid present in the leaves of white birch, has been introduced as a selective TGR5 agonist. However, direct activation of TGR5 by betulinic acid has not yet been reported. Methods: Transfection of TGR5 into cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1 cells was performed to establish the presence of TGR5. Additionally, TGR5-specific small interfering RNA was employed to silence TGR5 in cells (NCI-H716 cells that secreted incretins. Uptake of glucose by CHO-K1 cells was evaluated using a fluorescent indicator. Amounts of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and glucagon-like peptide were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results: Betulinic acid dose-dependently increases glucose uptake by CHO-K1 cells transfected with TGR5 only, which can be considered an alternative method instead of radioligand binding assay. Additionally, signals coupled to TGR5 activation are also

  18. Wireless sensor network: an aimless gadget or a necessary tool for natural hazards warning systems

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hloupis, George; Stavrakas, Ilias; Triantis, Dimos

    2010-05-01

    The purpose of the current study is to review the current technical and scientific state of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with application on natural hazards. WSN have received great attention from the research community in the last few years, mainly due to the theoretical and practical efforts from challenges that led to mature solutions and adoption of standards, such as Bluetooth [2] and ZigBee [3]. Wireless technology solutions allows Micro-ElectroMechanical Systems sensors (MEMS) to be integrated (with all the necessary circuitry) to small wireless capable devices, the nodes. Available MEMS today include pressure, temperature, humidity, inertial and strain-gauge sensors as well as transducers for velocity, acceleration, vibration, flow position and inclination [4]. A WSN is composed by a large number of nodes which are deployed densely adjacent to the area under monitoring. Each node collects data which transmitted to a gateway. The main requirements that WSNs must fulfilled are quite different than those of ad-hoc networks. WSNs have to be self-organized (since the positions of individual nodes are not known in advance), they must present cooperative processing of tasks (where groups of nodes cooperate in order to provide the gathered data to the user), they require security mechanisms that are adaptive to monitoring conditions and all algorithms must be energy optimized. In this paper, the state of the art in hardware, software, algorithms and protocols for WSNs, focused on natural hazards, is surveyed. Architectures for WSNs are investigated along with their advantages and drawbacks. Available research prototypes as well as commercially proposed solutions that can be used for natural hazards monitoring and early warning systems are listed and classified. [1] I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, E. Cayirci, Wireless sensor networks: a survey, Comput. Networks (Elsevier) 38 (4) (2002) 393-422. [2] Dursch, A.; Yen, D.C.; Shih, D.H. Bluetooth

  19. Periostin overexpression is associated with worse prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma from endemic area: a cohort study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wei YC

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available Yu-Ching Wei,1,2 Sheau-Fang Yang,2,3 Shih-Lun Chang,4,5 Tzu-Ju Chen,5,6 Sung-Wei Lee,7 Hung-Sung Chen,1 Li-Ching Lin,8 Chien-Feng Li6,9,10 1Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 2Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 3Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 4Department of Otolaryngology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; 5Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan; 6Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; 7Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan; 8Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; 9National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institute, Tainan, Taiwan; 10Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan Purpose: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC is a heterogeneous disease. We searched for genes that function in cell adhesion in GSE12452, a published transcriptomic database. We found that POSTN, which encodes periostin (POSTN, was significantly upregulated in NPC tumorigenesis. Herein, we sought to analyze the expression of POSTN and its prognostic significances in patients with NPC. Materials and methods: In this single-institution retrospective study, we determined and analyzed POSTN expression by immunohistochemistry and H-score method, respectively, in 124 patients with NPC. The results indicated that POSTN expression was correlated with the clinicopathologic features, disease-specific survival (DSS, distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS, and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS of NPC. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to determinate the statistical significance. Results: High POSTN expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis

  20. Local sustained delivery of acetylsalicylic acid via hybrid stent with biodegradable nanofibers reduces adhesion of blood cells and promotes reendothelialization of the denuded artery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lee CH

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Cheng-Hung Lee,1,2 Yu-Huang Lin,3 Shang-Hung Chang,1 Chun-Der Tai,3 Shih-Jung Liu,2 Yen Chu,4 Chao-Jan Wang,5 Ming-Yi Hsu,5 Hung Chang,6 Gwo-Jyh Chang,7 Kuo-Chun Hung,1 Ming-Jer Hsieh,1 Fen-Chiung Lin,1 I-Chang Hsieh,1 Ming-Shien Wen,1 Yenlin Huang81Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Linkou, 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, 3Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics, Chang Gung University, 4Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 5Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, 6Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 7Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicinal Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Linkou, 8Department of Anatomical Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Tao-Yuan, TaiwanAbstract: Incomplete endothelialization, blood cell adhesion to vascular stents, and inflammation of arteries can result in acute stent thromboses. The systemic administration of acetylsalicylic acid decreases endothelial dysfunction, potentially reducing thrombus, enhancing vasodilatation, and inhibiting the progression of atherosclerosis; but, this is weakened by upper gastrointestinal bleeding. This study proposes a hybrid stent with biodegradable nanofibers, for the local, sustained delivery of acetylsalicylic acid to injured artery walls. Biodegradable nanofibers are prepared by first dissolving poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide and acetylsalicylic acid in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol. The solution is then electrospun into nanofibrous tubes, which are then mounted onto commercially available bare-metal stents. In vitro release rates of pharmaceuticals from nanofibers are characterized using an elution method, and a high-performance liquid chromatography assay. The experimental results suggest that biodegradable nanofibers

  1. Intelligence quotient discrepancy indicates levels of motor competence in preschool children at risk for developmental delays

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yu TY

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Tzu-Ying Yu,1 Kuan-Lin Chen,2,3 Willy Chou,4,5 Shu-Han Yang,4 Sheng-Chun Kung,4 Ya-Chen Lee,2 Li-Chen Tung4,6,7 1Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 2Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 3Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 4Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 5Department of Recreation and Health Care Management, Cha Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, 6School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 7School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan Purpose: This study aimed to establish 1 whether a group difference exists in the motor competence of preschool children at risk for developmental delays with intelligence quotient discrepancy (IQD; refers to difference between verbal intelligence quotient [VIQ] and performance intelligence quotient [PIQ] and 2 whether an association exists between IQD and motor competence.Methods: Children’s motor competence and IQD were determined with the motor subtests of the Comprehensive Developmental Inventory for Infants and Toddlers and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence™ – Fourth Edition. A total of 291 children were included in three groups: NON-IQD (n=213; IQD within 1 standard deviation [SD], VIQ>PIQ (n=39; VIQ>PIQ greater than 1 SD, and PIQ>VIQ (n=39; PIQ>VIQ greater than 1 SD.Results: The results of one-way analysis of variance indicated significant differences among the subgroups for the “Gross and fine motor” subdomains of the Comprehensive Developmental Inventory for Infants and Toddlers, especially on the subtests of “body-movement coordination” (F=3.87, P<0.05 and “visual-motor coordination” (F=6.90, P<0.05. Motor competence was significantly

  2. Management of Waste from the Use of Radioisotopes; Divers Aspects Resultant de l'Utilisation des Isotopes Radioactifs; 0423 0414 0410 041b 0415 041d 0418 0415 041e 0422 0425 041e 0414 ; Diversos Aspectos Relacionados con los Desechos Procedentes del Empleo de Radioisotopos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rogers, Lester R. [Radiation Safety Branch, Division of Licensing and Regulation, United States Atomic Energy Commission (United States)

    1960-07-01

    de desechos solubles o facilmente dispersables ; 3. La inhumacion en el suelo, en condiciones controladas, de pequenas cantidades de desechos; 4. El envio de los desechos radiactivos a las instalaciones de la Atomic Energy Commission para su almacenamiento o inhumacion; 5. El tratamiento por incineracion; 6. La evacuacion en el mar de desechos envasados. El autor examina los criterios y requisitos reglamentarios aplicables a cada metodo de evacuacion con el proposito de impedir que los desechos entren en la cadena alimentaria humana en cantidades peligrosas o afecten desfavorablemente la utilizacion del medio por el hombre. Estudia asimismo las limitaciones que se han de imponer a los tipos y metodos de evacuacion aplicados por las empresas privadas que, por su larga experiencia en Inverted-Exclamation-Mark el mantenimiento de terrenos de inhumacion o instalaciones de almacenamiento, pueden recibir autorizacion oficial para efectuar esta clase de operaciones. (author) [Russian] Budut obsuzhdeny voprosy proishozhdenija i haraktera radioaktivnyh othodov, obrazuemyh pri ispol'zovanii radioizotopov v promyshlennosti, medicine, sel'skom hozjajstve i nauchnyh issledovanijah. Budet rassmotrena svjaz' mezhdu tipami, kolichestvami i metodami ispol'zovanija radioizotopov i othodami, kotorye pri jetom obrazujutsja. Budut obsuzhdeny metody, primenjaemye dlja udalenija radioaktivnyh othodov, obrazuemyh pri ispol'zovanii radioizotopov v promyshlennosti, medicine, nauchnyh issledovanijah i sel'skom hozjajstve, na kotorye rasprostranjaetsja kontrol' Komissii po atomnoj jenergii. Jeti metody vkljuchajut: 1. Kontroliruemoe udalenie zhidkostej nizkoj koncentracii v reki i v atmosferu ; 2. Kontroliruemoe udalenie nebol'shih kolichestv rastvorjaemyh ili nahodjashhihsja v dispersionnom sostojanii produktov othoda v kanalizacionnye sistemy ; 3. Zahoronenie nebol'shih kolichestv othodov v zemlju pri kontroliruemyh uslovijah; 4. Vozvrashhenie radioaktivnyh othodov na ustanovki Komissii po

  3. MART-10, a newly synthesized vitamin D analog, represses metastatic potential of head and neck squamous carcinoma cells

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yang SW

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Shih-Wei Yang,1,* Chi-Ying Tsai,2,* Yi-Chun Pan,3 Chun-Nan Yeh,4 Jong-Hwei S Pang,5 Masashi Takano,6 Atsushi Kittaka,6 Horng-Heng Juang,7 Tai C Chen,8 Kun-Chun Chiang4,9 1Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 3Department of General Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, 4General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 5Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China; 6Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan; 7Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China; 8Endocrine Core Laboratory, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; 9Zebrafish Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Even with multidisciplinary treatment, the prognosis and quality of life of patients diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC are still not satisfactory. Previously, 19-Nor-2α-(3-hydroxypropyl-1α,25(OH2D3 (MART-10, the new brand 1α,25(OH2D3 analog, has been demonstrated to be an effective drug to inhibit HNSCC growth in vitro. Since most cancer patients die of metastasis, in this study, the antimetastatic effect of MART-10 on HNSCC was investigated. Our results reveal that both 1α,25(OH2D3 and MART-10 effectively repressed the migration and invasion of HNSCC cells, with MART-10 being much more potent than 1α,25(OH2D3. The antimetastatic effect of 1α,25(OH2D3 and MART-10 was mediated by attenuation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT, which was supported by the finding that the expression of EMT-inducing transcriptional factors, Sail and Twist, was inhibited by 1α,25(OH2D3 and MART

  4. A pilot randomized controlled trial using EEG-based brain–computer interface training for a Chinese-speaking group of healthy elderly

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lee TS

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Tih-Shih Lee,1 Shin Yi Quek,1 Siau Juinn Alexa Goh,1 Rachel Phillips,2 Cuntai Guan,3 Yin Bun Cheung,4 Lei Feng,5 Chuan Chu Wang,3 Zheng Yang Chin,3 Haihong Zhang,3 Jimmy Lee,6 Tze Pin Ng,5 K Ranga Rama Krishnan1 1Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore; 2Singapore Clinical Research Institute, Singapore; 3Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore; 4Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore; 5Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; 6Department of General Psychiatry/Department of Research, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore Background: There is growing evidence that cognitive training (CT can improve the cognitive functioning of the elderly. CT may be influenced by cultural and linguistic factors, but research examining CT programs has mostly been conducted on Western populations. We have developed an innovative electroencephalography (EEG-based brain–computer interface (BCI CT program that has shown preliminary efficacy in improving cognition in 32 healthy English-speaking elderly adults in Singapore. In this second pilot trial, we examine the acceptability, safety, and preliminary efficacy of our BCI CT program in healthy Chinese-speaking Singaporean elderly.Methods: Thirty-nine elderly participants were randomized into intervention (n=21 and waitlist control (n=18 arms. Intervention consisted of 24 half-hour sessions with our BCI-based CT training system to be completed in 8 weeks; the control arm received the same intervention after an initial 8-week waiting period. At the end of the training, a usability and acceptability questionnaire was administered. Efficacy was measured using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS, which was translated and culturally adapted for the Chinese-speaking local population. Users were asked

  5. COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF SEIZURES (EPILEPSY IN PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Prasad

    2015-10-01

    no age is spared. Generalized Seizures accounted for 63.85% in our local Pediat ric age group. We were able to detect various epileptogenic foci, in 61.4% (40 cases. And with available CT findings we could able to distinguish and diagnose various Pathological lesions, including infections, congenital anomalies, calcified lesions and neoplasm. CECT should be done in evaluation of low and mixed density lesions, CECT helped more in evaluation of low density lesions and revealed ring enhancing lesions. Delayed (5 - 7 min and thin (2mm sections are more useful. Ring entrancing lesions due to infections are the commonest epileptogenic foci in our study accounting for 28%. And CECT is not helped much in evaluation other than low density lesions. As normal neurological examination can’t rule out an epileptogenic focus. Therefore CT brain shou ld be included. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: Based on our study and on reviewing the literature, we are able to detect epileptogenic foci. CECT is very essential is evaluation of low density lesions. Only on contrast study we can detect and distinguish v arious lesions. Moreover delayed and thin sections are more useful CECT is may not play any role in evaluation of most of the congenital anomalies and calcified lesions. Ring en hancing lesions of infections etiology especially NCC are the commonest epilept ogenic foci in our local paediatric population. Therefore CT is the prime mode of investigation is evaluation of epilepsy in Paediatric

  6. Simplified Procedures for Obtaining Clearances of Foods Preserved by Ionizing Energy; Procedures Simplifiees pour Obtenir l'Autorisation de Produire des Denrees Alimentaires Conservees par les Rayonnements Ionisants; Uproshennaya protsedura polucheniya razreshenij na prodazhu obluchennk pishchevykh produktov; Simplificacion de los Procedimientos para la Obtencion de Autorizaciones de Venta de Alimentos Conservados Mediante Radiaciones Ionizantes

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Josephson, E. S. [United States Army Natick Laboratories, Natick, MA (United States)

    1966-11-15

    comestibilidad plenamente satisfactorias. En los Estados Unidos, antes de pasar a la produccion en escala comercial para lanzar el producto al mercado, es preciso obtener la aprobacion de la United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) y en lo que se refiere a las carnesde mamiferos ydeaves, del United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Estos organismos han dado su aprobacion para productos como el tocino, el trigo y sus derivados, y las patatas blancas, despues de recibir y examinar peticiones acompanadas de toda la informacion pertinente: procedimiento que se aplicara, descripcion del conjunto alimento-envase objeto de la peticion, fuente radiactiva que se va a emplear, orden de magnitud de la dosis, metodos de dosimetria, datos sobre comestibilidad y valor nutritivo, pruebas positivas de seguridad microbiologica, ausencia de radiactividad inducida detectable, datos de aceptacion obtenidos por grupos de catadores y, cuando proceda, datos referentes al almacenamiento y transporte. La reunion de todos los datos necesarios para que se apruebe la peticion exige mucho tiempo y resulta costosa. Para remediar esta situacion se esta revisando todo el proceso de acopio de datos y de presentacion de peticiones a fin de hacerlo mas expedito. En la memoria formulan sugerencias sobre los medios mas apropiados para lograr este fin. (author) [Russian] Posle trinadcati let intensivnyh issledovanij s primeneniem bol'shih doz ionizirujushhej jenergii v nastojashhee vremja v laboratorii mozhno poluchit' sledu shhie produkty vysokogo kachestva, ne portjashhiesja pri dlitel'nyh srokah hranenija: bekon, vetchinu, svininu, kury i krevetki. Ispol'zuja dozy men'she 1 Mrad, mozhno znachitel'no uvelichit' sroki hranenija takih produktov, kak ryba, pshenica, muchnye produkty, apel'siny i belyj kartofel',bez ushherba dlja ih kachestva i prigodnosti upotreblenija v pishhu. Dlja togo, chtoby nachat' proizvodstvo takih obluchennyh produktov v SShA v shirokih kommerchesk: masshtabah potrebujutsja

  7. Real-world evaluation of compliance and preference in Alzheimer’s disease treatment: an observational study in Taiwan 

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lai TH

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Tzu-Hsien Lai,1,2,* Wen-Fu Wang,3,* Bak-Sau Yip,4 Yu-Wan Yang,5 Giia-Sheun Peng,6 Shih-Jei Tsai,7,8 Yi-Chu Liao,9 Ming-Chyi Pai10,111Section of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, 2Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, 3Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 4Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, 5Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 6Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 7Department of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 8School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 9Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 10Division of Behavioral Neurology, Department of Neurology, 11Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan *These authors contributed equally to this workPurpose: Among the medications approved for Alzheimer’s disease (AD, rivastigmine is the only one available as transdermal patch. The aim of this study was to evaluate compliance and caregivers’ preference with oral and transdermal (rivastigmine monotherapy in patients with mild-to-moderate AD from Taiwan.Methods: Real-world Evaluation of Compliance And Preference in Alzheimer’s disease treatment (RECAP in Taiwan was a prospective, noninterventional, observational study with a 24-week (±8 weeks observational period for each participant. Eligible patients were grouped into one of the two treatment cohorts based on the baseline AD therapy: oral (donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, or memantine or transdermal (rivastigmine patch. The primary end points were caregiver preference and caregiver assessment of patients’ compliance to

  8. The Self-Correlation Function of Real Gases; Fonction d'Autocorrelation des Gaz Reels; 0424 0423 041d 041a 0426 0418 042f 0421 0410 041c 041e 041a 041e 0420 0420 0415 041b 042f 0426 0418 0418 0420 0415 0410 041b 042c 041d 042b 0425 0413 0410 0417 041e 0412 ; La Funcion de Autocorrelacion de los Gases Reales

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sigmar, D. J. [Institute for Theoretical Physics, Technical University of Vienna Vienna (Austria)

    1965-06-15

    7 tochek dlja kazhdogo kojefficienta. V kachestve potenciala predpolagaetsja obychnaja tverdaja serdcevina s dvumja chasticami. Kak pokazali Singvi i dr., harakteristika {gamma}{sub s} dlja prodolzhitel'nogo vremeni opredeljaetsja vremennym integralom po skorosti-avtokorreljacii: {integral}{sup {infinity}}{sub 0} {sub T}dt. Dlja sostavlenija podintegral'nogo vyrazhenija dlja vseh sluchaev my mozhem ispol'zovat' nashe razlozhenie na gruppy dlja nebol'shih znachenij t i prinjat' teoriju diffuzii Lanzhevena dlja bol'shih znachenij t. Chislovye podschety gotovjatsja. (author)

  9. 2016 SPD: Day 1

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kohler, Susanna

    2016-06-01

    Editors note: This week were in Boulder, Colorado at the 47th meeting of the AAS Solar Physics Division (SPD). Follow along to catch some of the latest news from the field of solar physics!The 2016 SPD meeting was launched this morning from the University of Colorado Boulder campus. Two of the hot topics at this years meeting include celebration of the recent move of the National Solar Observatorys headquarters to Boulder, and discussion of the future Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST, formerly the Advanced Technology Solar Telescope, ATST). DKIST, planned for a 2019 completion in Hawaii, is the next big telescope on the horizon for solar physics.Todays press conference had an interesting focus: instruments providing new high-energy observations of the Sun. Representatives from four different instruments were here to talk about some of the latest X-ray solar observations.GRIPSThe GRIPS payload flew at 130,000 ft over Antarctica on a giant balloon in January 2016. [NASA/Albert Shih]First up, Albert Shih (NASA Goddard) described the Gamma-Ray Imager/Polarimeter for Solar flares, or GRIPS. GRIPS is a balloon-borne instrument designed to detect X-rays and gamma rays emitted during solar flares. Up to tens of a percent of the energy in solar flares is emitted in the form of accelerated particles, but the physics behind this process is not well understood. GRIPS observes where the highest-energy particles are accelerated, in an effort to learn more about the process.GRIPS was launched on 19 January, 2016 and flew for roughly 12 days gathering ~1 million seconds of data! The logistics of this instruments flight are especially interesting, since it was launched from Antarctica and carried by a balloon at a whopping elevation of 130,000 ft (to get high enough that the atmosphere doesnt absorb all the photons GRIPS is trying to observe). Though the data from the mission has been retrieved, the bulk of the hardware remains where it landed at the end of January. It must

  10. Book Reviews

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jan Michiel Otto

    1991-01-01

    ., Deborah Gewertz (eds. - Marijke J. Klokke, Annette Claben, Kann die Gupta-Kunst Kalidasas Werke illustrieren? Teil I: Text; Teil II: Abbildungen. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer, 1988. [Marburger Studien zur Afrika- und Asienkunde, Serie B: Asien, Band 11.] 90, XLV pp., 10 figs, 32 pls. - J. Kommers, Michael Young, Malinowski among the Magi. The Natives of Mailu, London and New York: Routledge, 1988. [International library of Anthropology.] viii + 355 pp. - Niels Mulder, Bernhard Dahm, Culture and technological development in Southeast Asia. Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 1988., Gotz Link (eds. - Jan Michiel Otto, F. von Benda-Beckmann, Between kinship and the state; Social security and law in developing countries, Dordrecht: Foris, 1988. vii + 495 pp., K. von Benda-Beckmann, E. Casino (eds. - Nigel Phillips, Rainer Carle, Cultures and societies of North Sumatra, Berlin and Hamburg: Dietrich Reimer, 1987. [Veroffentlichungen des Seminars für Indonesische und Sudseesprachen der Universität Hamburg, Band 19.] 514 pp. - R. De Ridder, James J. Fox, To speak in pairs; Essays on the ritual languages of Eastern Indonesia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. [Cambridge studies in oral literature 15.] xi + 338 pp.; bibl.; ills. - Matthew Schoffeleers, Serge Tcherkezoff, Duel classification reconsidered (Translation by Martin Thom, New York/Paris: Cambridge University Press and Éditions de la Maison des Sciences de l’Homme, 1987, 157 pp. - G.J. Schutte, J.L. Blussé, De dagregisters van het kasteel Zeelandia, Taiwan 1629-1662. Deel I: 1629-1641, uitgegeven door J.L. Blussé, M.E. van Opstall en Ts’ao Yung-ho, met medewerking van Chiang Shu-sheng en W. Milde. [Rijks Geschiedkundige Publicatiën, Grote Serie 195.] ‘s-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, 1986. xxi + 548 pp., map, indices - H. Steinhauer, Olaf H. Smedal, Lom-Indonesian-English and English-Lom Wordlists, NUSA Linguistic studies of Indonesian and other languages in Indonesia, Vol. 28/29, 1987. viii

  11. The potential impact of hydrogen energy use on the atmosphere

    Science.gov (United States)

    van Ruijven, B. J.; Lamarque, J. F.; van Vuuren, D. P.; Kram, T.; Eerens, H.

    2009-04-01

    ., Hess, P. G., Collins, W. D., Emmons, L. K., Ginoux, P., Luo, C. and Tie, X. X. (2005). "Response of a coupled chemistry-climate model to changes in aerosol emissions: Global impact on the hydrological cycle and the tropospheric burdens of OH, ozone and NOx." Geophysical Research Letters 32(16). Lamarque, J.-F., Kinnison, D. E., Hess, P. G. and Vitt, F. (2008). "Simulated lower stratospheric trends between 1970 and 2005: identifying the role of climate and composition changes." Journal of Geophysical Research 113(D12301). Price, H., Jaegle, L., Rice, A., Quay, P., Novelli, P. C. and Gammon, R. (2007). "Global budget of molecular hydrogen and its deuterium content: constraints from ground station, cruise, and aircraft observations." Journal of Geophysical Research 112(D22108). Sanderson, M. G., Collins, W. J., Derwent, R. G. and Johnson, C. E. (2003). "Simulation of Global Hydrogen Levels Using a Lagrangian Three-Dimensional Model." Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 46(1): 15-28. Schultz, M. G., Diehl, T., Brasseur, G. P. and Zittel, W. (2003). "Air Pollution and Climate-Forcing Impacts of a Global Hydrogen Economy." Science 302(5645): 624-627. Tromp, T. K., Shia, R. L., Allen, M., Eiler, J. M. and Yung, Y. L. (2003). "Potential environmental impact of a hydrogen economy on the stratosphere." Science 300(5626): 1740-1742. van Ruijven, B., Hari, L., van Vuuren, D. P. and de Vries, B. (2008). "The potential role of hydrogen in India and Western Europe." Energy Policy 36(5): 1649-1665. van Ruijven, B., van Vuuren, D. P. and de Vries, B. (2007). "The potential role of hydrogen in energy systems with and without climate policy." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 32(12): 1655-1672. van Vuuren, D. P. (2007). Energy systems and climate policy. Dept. of Science, Technology and Society, Faculty of Science. Utrecht, Utrecht University: 326.

  12. Nuclear Structure in China 2010

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bai, Hong-Bo; Meng, Jie; Zhao, En-Guang; Zhou, Shan-Gui

    2011-08-01

    Personal view on nuclear physics research / Jie Meng -- High-spin level structures in [symbol]Zr / X. P. Cao ... [et al.] -- Constraining the symmetry energy from the neutron skin thickness of tin isotopes / Lie-Wen Chen ... [et al.] -- Wobbling rotation in atomic nuclei / Y. S. Chen and Zao-Chun Gao -- The mixing of scalar mesons and the possible nonstrange dibaryons / L. R. Dai ... [et al.] -- Net baryon productions and gluon saturation in the SPS, RHIC and LHC energy regions / Sheng-Qin Feng -- Production of heavy isotopes with collisions between two actinide nuclides / Z. Q. Feng ... [et al.] -- The projected configuration interaction method / Zao-Chun Gao and Yong-Shou Chen -- Applications of Nilsson mean-field plus extended pairing model to rare-earth nuclei / Xin Guan ... [et al.] -- Complex scaling method and the resonant states / Jian-You Guo ... [et al.] -- Probing the equation of state by deep sub-barrier fusion reactions / Hong-Jun Hao and Jun-Long Tian -- Doublet structure study in A[symbol]105 mass region / C. Y. He ... [et al.] -- Rotational bands in transfermium nuclei / X. T. He -- Shape coexistence and shape evolution [symbol]Yb / H. Hua ... [et al.] -- Multistep shell model method in the complex energy plane / R. J. Liotta -- The evolution of protoneutron stars with kaon condensate / Ang Li -- High spin structures in the [symbol]Lu nucleus / Li Cong-Bo ... [et al.] -- Nuclear stopping and equation of state / QingFeng Li and Ying Yuan -- Covariant description of the low-lying states in neutron-deficient Kr isotopes / Z. X. Li ... [et al.] -- Isospin corrections for superallowed [symbol] transitions / HaoZhao Liang ... [et al.] -- The positive-parity band structures in [symbol]Ag / C. Liu ... [et al.] -- New band structures in odd-odd [symbol]I and [symbol]I / Liu GongYe ... [et al.] -- The sd-pair shell model and interacting boson model / Yan-An Luo ... [et al.] -- Cross-section distributions of fragments in the calcium isotopes projectile

  13. 医疗移动应用程序评价%Evaluation on medical mobile applications

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    李骁; 方振威; 林阳

    2015-01-01

    function performed better than those with integrated functions on the amount of data and information, the breadth of document literature, and the depth of contents and details.For those applications with integrated functions, YongYaoZhuShou possessed the comprehensive interpretations of drug information, YongYaoCanKao was capable to customize the local prescriptions, which individualized the prescription information and provided a rapid medicine examination, besides, JiBo, in respect of pharmaceutical directions, highlighted their legal status.Conclusion With comprehensive function and easy opera-tion, medical mobile applications provide reference to medical practitioners, however, the authority and veracity remains to be tested and verified, due to different sources of data and shortage of acknowledged standard.

  14. Predictive factors warrant screening for obstructive sleep apnea in COPD: a Taiwan National Survey

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hang LW

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Liang-Wen Hang,1,2 Jeng-Yuan Hsu,3 Chee-Jen Chang,4 Hao-Chien Wang,5,6 Shih-Lung Cheng,7,8 Ching-Hsiung Lin,9 Ming-Cheng Chan,3 Chin-Chou Wang,10 Diahn-Warng Perng,11 Chong-Jen Yu5,6 On behalf of the Taiwan COPD Consortium 1Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Health Care, China Medical University, 2Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, 3Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 4Biostatistical Center for Clinical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Guishan Township, Taoyuan County, 5Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 6Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, 7Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, 8Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li City, Taoyuan County, 9Division of Chest Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Changhua County, 10Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 11Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China Background and objectives: COPD and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA share similar pathological processes and cardiovascular sequelae. Coexisting OSA in COPD – “overlap syndrome” – has worse prognosis than either condition alone, and appropriate treatment improves survival. Our objectives were to ascertain the frequency at which COPD coexists with the risk of OSA in Taiwan and to compare the risk factors, COPD symptoms, and life quality metrics between COPD subgroups with versus without risk of OSA. Methods: We conducted a random cross-sectional national telephone survey of adults >40 years old in Taiwan. Participants fulfilling an epidemiological case definition of COPD completed a

  15. Experimental Investigation of the Effect of the Excess Fuel Coefficient on the Electrical Conductivity of Potassium-Seeded Hydrocarbon Fuel Combustion Products; 042d 041a 0421 041f 0414

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gol' denberg, S. A.; Zimin, Je. P.; Levlev, V. N.; Popov, V. A. [Energeticheskij Institut Im. G.M.Krzhizhanovskogo, Moskva, USSR (Russian Federation)

    1968-11-15

    zavisimosti mezhdu ionizaciej dobavki kalija i sostavom produktov sgoranija dvuh uglevodorodnyh topliv: benzina i metana. Variacija sostava produktov sgoranija obespechivalas' izmeneniem kojefficienta izbytka topliva v gorjuchej smesi. Izmerenija provodilis' pri neskol'kihfiksirovannyh znachenijah temperatury v diapazone ot 1850 do 3000 Degree-Sign K (polnoe davlenie - 1 at). Temperatura podderzhivalas' postojannoj (putem razbavlenija produktov sgoranija azotom). Poluchennye jeksperimental'nye dannye po provodimosti sootvetstvujut parcial'nomu davleniju dobavki kalija (1%). V oblasti vysokih temperatur (pri ispol'zovanii benzina v kachestve topliva) izmerenija provodilis' neposredstvenno pri dobavke 1%, togda kak v oblasti nizkih temperatur (pri ispol'zovanii metana v kachestve topliva) izmerenija provodilis' pri dobavke 3 x 10{sup -2}% a zatem rezul'taty byli pereschitany na dobavku 1%. Dlja izmerenija provodimosti ispol'zovalis' metod rezonansnogo kontura i metod zatuhanija radiovoln ({lambda} = 0,8 sm). Temperatura produktov sgoranija izmerjalas' po obrashheniju D-linii natrija. Izmerenija pokazali, chto jelektroprovodnost' produktov sgoranija s dobavkoj kalija umen'shaetsja pri umen'shenii kojefficienta izbytka topliva. Pri dostatochno bol'shih kojefficientah izbytka topliva jeto snizhenie projavljaetsja slabo. Rezkoe snizhenie jelektroprovodnosti (v neskol'ko raz) sosredotocheno v oblasti znachenij kojefficienta izbytka topliva, priblizitel'no ot 1 do 1,7. Dlja interpretacii jeksperimental'nyh dannyh ispol'zovalis'-rezul'taty teoreticheskogo rascheta vlijanija gidroksila ON na process ionizacii dobavki kalija cherez obrazovanie gidrookisi KON i zahvat chasti svobodnyh jelektronov s obrazovaniem otricatel'nogo iona ON{sup -}. Takoe sravnenie prodemonstrirovalo horoshee kachestvennoe soglasovanie jeksperimental'nyh i raschetnyh dannyh, chto podtverzhdaet pravil'nost' rassmatrivaemogo mehanizma vlijanija opredelennogo sostava produktov sgoranija na ionizaciju dobavki

  16. Opposed-Flow Flame Spread over Thin Solid Fuels in a Narrow Channel under Different Gravity

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Xia; Yu, Yong; Wan, Shixin; Wei, Minggang; Hu, Wen-Rui

    microgravity. This showed that the horizontal narrow channel can restrict natural convection effectively. In the vertical narrow channel, flame spread became slower as the forced gas flow speed increased. In low speed gas flows, flame spread was not near quench limit. Instead, the spread rate got its maximum value. This was entirely different from the result of microgravity and showed that the vertical narrow channel can not restrict natural convection. For the horizontal narrow channel, when the channel height lowered to 1 cm (The Grashof number was 149 using the half height as a characteristic length), the natural convection was restricted. For vertical narrow channel, a lower height was needed to restrict natural convection. References 1. NASA Technical Standard, "Flammability, Odor, Offgassing, and Compatibility Require-ments and Test Procedures for Materials in Environments That Support Combustion", NASA STD-6001, 1998. 2. Ivanov, A. V., Balashov, Ye. V., Andreeva, T. V., and et al., "Experimental Verification of Material Flammability in Space", NASA CR-1999-209405, 1999. 3. Melikhov, A. S., Bolodyan, I. A., Potyakin, V. I., and et al., "The study of polymer material combustion in simulated microgravity by physical modeling method", In: Sacksteder K, ed, "Fifth Int Microgravity Comb Workshop", NASA CP-1999-208917, 1999, 361. 4. T'ien, J. S., Shih, H.-Y., Jiang, C.-B., and et al., "Mechanisms of flame spread and smol-der wave propagation", In: Ross, H. D., ed, "Microgravity Combustion: Fire in Free Fall", Academic Press, 2001. 299. 5. Olson, S. L., Comb Sci Tech, 76, 233, 1991.

  17. COPD in Taiwan: a National Epidemiology Survey

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cheng SL

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Shih-Lung Cheng,1,2 Ming-Cheng Chan,3 Chin-Chou Wang,4 Ching-Hsiung Lin,5 Hao-Chien Wang,6 Jeng-Yuan Hsu,3 Liang-Wen Hang,7,8 Chee-Jen Chang,9 Diahn-Warng Perng,10,* Chong-Jen Yu6,* On behalf of the Taiwan COPD Consortium 1Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, 2Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li City, Taoyuan County, 3Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 4Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 5Division of Chest Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Changhua County, 6Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 7Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sleep Medicine Center, China Medical University Hospital, 8Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, 9Biostatistical Center for Clinical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Guishan Township, Taoyuan County, 10Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Objectives: To determine the prevalence of COPD in Taiwan and to document the disease characteristics and associated risk factors.Methods: We conducted a random cross-sectional national survey of adults older than 40 years in Taiwan. Respiratory health screening questions identified subjects with diagnosed COPD or whose reported symptoms also fulfilled an epidemiological case definition; these were eligible to complete the survey, which also included indices of symptom severity and disability and questions on comorbidities, medical treatments, smoking habits, and occupations potentially harmful to respiratory health. Subjects with diagnosed COPD were subdivided by smoking status. Subjects who fulfilled the case definition

  18. ARTHROSCOPIC REPAIR OF BANKART’S LESION USING SUTURE ANCHORS IN RECURRENT ANTERIOR SHOULDER INSTABILITY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Santosh Kumar

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND : Shoulder instability and its treatment were described even in ancient times by the Greek and Egyptian physicians. Evidence of shoulder dislocation has been found in archaeological and paleopathological examinations of human shoulders several thousand years old. 1 Many techniques have been described in literature for treatment of recurrent shoulder dislocation. Arthroscopic repair of Bankart’s lesion using suture anchors is a noble technique. A suture anchor is a tiny screw with a thread attached to it. The screw is inserted into the bone over the glenoid rim while the sutures hold onto the labral tissue. These anchors provide a stable base for reattachment of the capsulolabral complex. We conducted a study on evaluation of long term effe ct of arthroscopic repair of Bankart’s lesion using suture anchors and compared our results with other studies published in literature . MATERIALS & METHODS : Since June 2012, arthroscopic Bankart’s repair using suture anchors was performed on 35 patients, who presented with recurrent anterior dislocation of shoulder. 34 man and 1 woman patients were included in the study. METHOD OF COLLECTION OF DATA: Adult patients with recurrent dislocations of shoulder with . INCLUSION CRITERIA: All patients > 15 years but =2 . EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Age group 60 years. Clinical evidence of multidirectional instability. Surgery of injured shou lder before 1 st episode of traumatic shoulder dislocation. Number o f dislocations <2 . Generalised ligamentous laxity. Presence of neuromuscular disorders. Presence of other comorbid conditions . Majority of patients were in the age group between 17 years to 49years, with mean age of 27.43 years. Most patients were young active individuals in the age group of 25 to 35 years. 20 patients (57% were involved in significant occupation requiring overhead activity such as students with sporting activities, agricul turists. 21(60% patients had their Right shoulder involved

  19. Experimental Study of the Process of Neutron Thermalization in Time in Aqueous Moderators; Etude Experimentale du Processus de Thermalisation des Neutrons en Fonction du Temps dans les Ralentisseurs Contenant de l'Eau; Ehksperimental'noe izuchenie protsessa termalizatsii nejtronov vo vremeni v vodorodosoderzhashchikh zamedlitelyakh; Estudio Experimental del Proceso de Termalizacion de Neutrones en Funcion del Tiempo en Moderadores Acuosos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ishmaev, S. N.; Mostovoj, V. I.; Sadikov, I. P.; Chernyshov, A. A. [Gosudarstvennyj Komitet po Ispol' zovaniju Atomnoj Ehnergii SSSR, Institut Atomnoj Ehnergii Im. I.V.Kurchatova, Moskva, SSSR (Russian Federation)

    1965-08-15

    Z gN bol'shogo razmera (V{sup 2} = 3,8 * 10{sup -2} sm{sup 2}), otnosjatsja k oblasti vremen zamedlenija (t > 30 mksek), gde srednjaja energija nejtronov nizhe 0,13 jev i obmen energiej mezhdu nejtronnym gazom i sredoj proishodit, v osnovnom, za schet vozbuzhdenija akusticheskih kolebanij reshetki. V jetoj oblasti process termalizacii idet sravnitel'no medlenno i vremja, neobhodimoe dlja ustanovlenija ravnovesnogo spektra nejtronov, okazyvaetsja porjadka 400 mksek. V sborke iz ZrH malogo razmera (V{sup 2} Asymptotically-Equal-To 20 * 10{sup -2} sm{sup 2}) projavljaetsja sil'nyj jeffekt diffuzionnogo ohlazhdenija. Spektry, izmerennye pri bol'shih vremenah zamedlenija, sil'no otlichajutsja ot maksvellovskogo raspredelenija s temperaturoj sredy. Vremja, neobhodimoe dlja ustanovlenija ravnovesnogo energeticheskogo raspredelenija, vozrastaet s umen'sheniem razmerov sistemy. energeticheskie spektry nejtronov v vode (V{sup 2} = 2,56 * 10{sup -2} sm{sup -2}) predstavleny dlja vremen zamedlenija bol'shih 13 mksek, gde iskazhenija za schet razreshenija neznachitel'ny. Forma spektra polnost'ju sovpadaet s raspredeleniem Maksvella pri komnatnoj temperature lish' spustja Tilde-Operator 100 mksek posle vspyshki bystryh nejtronov. Nabljudaemoe v jeksperimente vremja ustanovlenija ravnovesnogo spektra nejtronov v 3 - 4 raza bol'she, chem dajut raschety, vypolnennye razlichnymi avtorami. Obsuzhdajutsja vozmozhnye prichiny rashozhdenij. (author)

  20. Effects of Monoenergetic Neutron Radiation on Human Cells in Tissue Culture; Effets des Neutrons Monoenergetiques sur des Cellules de Tissus Humains en Culture; Dejstvie oblucheniya monoehnergeticheskimi nejtronami na kletki kul'tury tkanej cheloveka; Efectos de la Radiacion Neutronica Monoenergetica sobre las Celulas Humanas en Cultivos de Tejidos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Broerse, J. J.; Barendsen, G. W. [Radiobiological Institute of the Organization for Health Research TNO, Rijswijk (Z.H.) (Netherlands)

    1964-03-15

    determinaron midiendo la activacion de unas pastillas de azufre dispuestas entre las capsulas y los tubos. El calculo de las dosis a partir del flujo neutronico plantea una serie de problemas que los autores analizan. Como no se establece un equilibrio de radiacion en torno a las celulas, las respectivas determinaciones de dosis adolecen de falta de precision que se investigan en el trabajo. Los autores presentan curvas de la supervivencia en funcion de la dosis, para las dos energias neutronicas mencionadas. Con los neutrones de 3 MeV, comprobaron que la EBR varia desde 6,5 (dosis reducidas) hasta alrededor de 3,1 (dosis elevadas); con los neutrones de 15 MeV, la EBR varia entre 1,9 y 1,6. Combinando estos valores de la EBR con la relacion entre la TLE y la EBR establecida en experimentos previos con deuterones y particulas {alpha}, se pueden deducir valores de la TLE efectiva correspondientes a los neutrones utilizados. A fin de dilucidar algunos problemas relacionados con la muerte de animales de laboratorio sometidos a la accion de los rayos X o de los neutrones, los autores perfeccionaron un procedimiento basado en el empleo de celulas, contenidas en pequeflos tubos a fin de medir la dosis efectiva (es decir, la dosis corregida para tener en cuenta la EBR) en zonas determinadas de maniquies o de animales, que ofrecen interes para estos estudios. (author) [Russian] Soobshhaetsja o sootnoshenii doza-jeffekt na osnovanii izluchenija tormozhenija obrazovanija klona pochechnymi kletkami cheloveka posle obluchenija monojenergeticheskimi nejtronami s jenergiej primerno 3 Mjev i 15 Mjev. Dlja nejtronov s jenergiej 3 Mjev moshhnost' dozy ravnjalas' 0,2 rad/min, v to vremja kak dlja nejtronov s jenergiej v 15 Mjev byli polucheny moshhnosti dozy v 2,7 rad/min i 12 rad/min. Obluchenie kletok proizvodilos' v chashkah dlja kul'tury tkanej s tonkim dnom iz stekla Melimeks i v nebol'shih gibkih nejlonovyh rezinovyh trubkah. Potoki nejtronov opredeljalis' putem izmerenija aktivacii sernyh

  1. Observations of Mercury Flowing along a Trough in a Transverse Magnetic Field; Nekotorye nablyudeniya techeniya rtuti v lotke v poperechnom magnitnom pole

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Vulis, L. A.; Jaglenko, V. T. [Akademija Nauk SSSR, Moskva, SSSR (Russian Federation)

    1966-11-15

    diverging duct when certain relationships held. Limitations associated with the superposition of a magnetic field were established, in addition to the usual hydro-gas analogy. (author) [Russian] Privodjatsja nekotorye rezul'taty nabljudenija stacionarnogo techenija rtuti v gorizontal'nom lotke pri nalichii poperechnogo magnitnogo polja. Izuchenie takogo vida dvizhenija provodjashhej sredy so svobodnoj poverhnost'ju v magnitnom pole predstavljaet dvojakij interes - dlja sopostavlenija rezul'tatov opytov i rascheta MGD techenij neszhimaemoj zhidkosti, s odnoj storony, i v kachestve priblizhennoj modeli dvizhenija plazmy v svete izvestnoj gidrogazovoj analogii dlja MGD techenij, s drugoj storony. Rassmotreny rezul'taty opytov, ohvatyvajushhih dokriticheskie i sverhkriticheskie techenija rtuti v oblasti znachenija chisel Fruda OD -3,0 pri ves'ma malyh znachenijah magnitnogo chisla Rejnol'dsa i bol'shih znachenijah chisla Gartmana (svyshe 100). Osnovnye parametry ustanovki sledujushhie: razmery kanala 40x 200 mm, skorost' techenija rtuti do 1,2 m/sek, magnitnaja indukcija do 1,2 tl. Dlja nepreryvnyh (dokriticheskih i sverhkriticheskih) techenij v kanalah postojannogo i peremennogo sechenija sravnivajutsja opytnye dannye po izmeneniju mestnoj i polnoj vysoty urovnja zhidkosti s raschetom, vypolnennym v odnomernom priblizhenii. Polucheny podrobnye harakteristiki gidravlicheskogo pryzhka v poperechnom pole, ego struktury i modifikacii, poter' polnoj vysoty i dr. V opytah izuchalos' dvizhenie rtuti v kanale s izolirovannymi stenkami i pri nalichii jelektrodov s vneshnim soprotivleniem. Osnovnoj metod nabljudenija - fotograficheskij, narjadu s jetim proizvodilis' izmerenija jelektricheskih (raspredelenie potenciala i dr.) i gidravlicheskih harakteristik. V rezul'tate issledovanija pokazano, chto odnomernaja raschetnaja shema udovletvoritel'no opisyvaet nepreryvnoe techenie v kanale (osobenno postojannogo sechenija). Vyjavlen rjad osobennostej, prisushhih rassmatrivaemym javlenijam i

  2. Application of Tritiated Compounds to the Midge Chironomus and some Aspects of the Metabolism of Salivary Gland Chromosomes; Emploi de Composes Trities pour l'Etude du Chironome et de Certains Aspects du Metabolisme des Chromosomes des Glandes Salivaires; 041f 0440 0438 043c 0414 ; Aplicacion de Compuestos Tritiados a la Mosca Cbironomus y Algunos Aspectos del Metabolismo en los Cromosomas de las Glandulas Salivares

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pelling, C. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Biologie, Tuebingen, Federal Republic of Germany (Germany)

    1962-02-15

    des chromosomes semble representee par la synthese de l'ARN, qui se produit en certains 'loci' distincts ('organiseurs' nucleaires, anneaux de Balbiani, nodules et bandes chromosomiques). L'auteur examine certains aspects caracteristiques de la synthese de l'ARN. (author) [Spanish] l.os autores realizaron sus investigaciones con los cromosomas de las glandulas salivares del Ghironomus tentans. La inyeccion do compuestos tritiados (timidina-{sup 3}H, uridina-{sup 3}H, aminoacidos {sup 3}H) en la hemolinfa de las larvas permite determinar en que lugar de los cromosomas gigantes se produce la incorporacion. Una vez fijadas las glandulas salivares, los autores obtuvieron autorradiografias de las preparaciones trituradas. Estas autorradiografias demuestran que los cromosomas gigantes son los mas adecuados para localizar la radiactividad en las estructuras cromosomicas con un grado de resolucion muy elevado. Determinando el tiempo y el grado aproximado de incorporacion, los autores han conseguido seguir en la celula la sintesis del ADN (timidina), del ARN (uridina) y de las proteinas. Las dos primeras tienen lugar exclusivamente en los cromosomas, contrariamente a lo que ocurre para la sintesis de las proteinas. Al parecer, la actividad fisiologica esencial de los cromosomas consiste en la sintesis del ARN, que se produce en ciertos lugares determinados (organizadores nucleares, anillos de Balbiani, y otras bandas cromosomicas). La memoria discute algunos aspectos de la sintesis del ARN. (author) [Russian] Provo- dilis' issledovanija hromosom sljunnoj zhelezy Chironomus tentans. Tretiro- vannye soedinenija ({sup 3}N-timidin, {sup 3}N-uridin, {sup 3}N-aminokisloty), vvedennye v gemolimf lichinki, dolzhny ukazyvat' mesta pogloshhenija v bol'shih hromosomah. Posle fiksacii sljunnyh zhelez byli sdelany radioavtogrammy mjagkoj massy. Radioavtogrammy pokazyvajut, chto bol'shie hromosomy javljajutsja bolee pod- hodjashhimi dlja lokalizacii aktivnosti u hromosomnyh struktur s

  3. Some Applications of Short-Lived Radioisotopes in the Study of Metals; Applications Diverses des Radioelements de Courte Periode dans l'Etude des Metaux; РАЗЛИЧНЫЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ КОРОТКОЖИВУЩИХ РАДИОЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ПРИ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ МЕТАЛЛОВ; Aplicaciones de los Radioelementos de Periodo Corto en el Estudio de los Metales

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kohn, A. [Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie, Saint-Germain-en-Laye (France)

    1963-03-15

    despues de la colada. En muchos de estos lingotes, se registraron corrientes de conveccion de intensidad suficiente para distribuir el oro por gran parte del volumen del lingote una hora despues de terminada la colada. (author) [Russian] V jetom doklade izlagaetsja nekotorye tipichnye vidy primenenija korotkozhivushhih radiojelementov pri issledovanii metallov. Razrabotan prostoj metod aktivacionnogo analiza dlja opredelenija soderhanija lantana v razlichnyh markah stali, k kotoroj vo vremja plavki dobavljaetsja neznachitel'noe kolichestvo neochishhennoj smesi redkozemel'nyh jelementov. Issledovalos' povedenie mysh'jaka v period okislenija zheleza s cel'ju izuchit', kak vedut sebja neznachitel'nye kolichestva soderzhashhegosja v zheleze mysh'jaka v jetot period. S pomoshh'ju avtoradiografii bylo ustanovleno prezhde vsego znachitel'noe obogashhenie mysh'jakom poverhnosti razdela metall-okis'. V rezul'tate primenenija metoda, zakljuchajushhegosja v aktivirovanii okislennyh obrazcov v jader- nom reaktore i rastvorenii obrazujushhihsja sloev tolshhinoj v neskol'ko mikron, predstavilos' vozmozhnym izuchit' dannoe javlenie v kachestvennom otnoshenii. Udalos' proverit', chto mysh'jak koncentriruetsja v metalle rjadom s poverhnost'ju razdela, gde ego koncentracija mozhet v 30 - 40 raz prevyshat' pervonachal'noe soderzhanie primesi. S pomoshh'ju avtoradiografii issledovalsja prirost metallicheskih kristallov, s uchetom togo, chto tverdoe telo bolee bedno legirujushhimi jelementami po sravneniju s rasplavom, iz kotorogo ono obrazuetsja. Jeto issledovanie kasalos' medlenno ohlazhdaemyh splavov alljuminija i medi, kotorye zatem poluchali zakalku v processe zatverdenija. Issledovanie pozvolilo vyjavit' konfiguraciju metallicheskih kristallov na razlichnyh stadijah ih prirosta i ustanovit' zavisimost' processa zatverdenija ot izmenenija temperatury splava, izmerjaemoj s pomoshh'ju termopary. Izuchenie konvektivnyh tokov v bol'shih slitkah dlja pokovki imelo cel'ju podtverdit' nalichie

  4. On the Waste Disposal Potentiality of the Atmosphere; Possibilites d'Elimination des Dechets Radioactifs dans l'Atmosphere; 041a 0412 041e 041f 0414 ; Sobre la Posibilidad de Evacuar Desechos en la Atmosfera

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Small, S. H.; Storebo, P. B. [Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (Norway)

    1960-07-01

    na bol'shih vysotah, chem jeto schitalos' ranee. Osazhdenie radioaktivnyh materialov v kakoj-to stepeni javljaetsja sistematicheski neodnorodnym i dopustimye urovni atmosfernoj radioaktivnosti dolzhny osnovyvat'sja na vozmozhnoj ugroze v naibolee zagrjaznennyh radioaktivnost'ju rajonah, naprimer, v rajonah so znachitel'nymi orograficheskimi osadkami. V svjazi s izmerenijami atmosfernoj radioaktivnosti otmechaetsja, chto metody vzjatija prob dolzhny uchityvat' verojatnoe vozdejstvie postepennyh izmenenij v prakticheskih velichinah i udalenie chastic v rezul'tate osedanija, stalkivanija i pogloshhenija pri popadanii na rastenija i stroenija i t.d. Meteorologicheskie problemy v svjazi s kontrolem nad radiaciej i predupreditel'nymi sistemami rassmatrivajutsja v svjazi s rabotoj reaktorov. Dajutsja tehnicheskie detali sravnitel'no prostyh predupreditel'nyh sistem. (author)

  5. The Scintillation Counting of Calcium-45; Comptage du Calcium-45 au Moyen d'un Scintillateur; Izmerenie aktivnosti Kal'tsiya-45 stsintillyatsionnym metodom; Determinacion del Calcio-45 Mediante Contadores de Centelleo

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Carr, T. E.F.; Parsons, B. J. [Medical Research Council, Radiobiological Research Unit, Harwell (United Kingdom)

    1965-10-15

    ocenke nekotoryh obrazcov voznikali trudnosti vvidu prisutstvija sravnitel'no bol'shih kolichestv zheleza. Obsuzhdajutsja problemy oslablenija scintilljatora vvidu prisutstvija zheleza i metody preodolenija takogo oslablenija. Privodjatsja rezul'taty ispol'zovanija vneshnih istochnikov gamma-izluchenija v kachestve standartov i sredstv ocenki jeffektov oslablenija v nekotoryh obrazcah. Rekomenduetsja primenjat' ih v kachestve standartov dlja proverki harakteristiki schetchika, hotja oni ne polnost'ju udovletvorjajut trebovanijam pri izmerenii stepeni oslablenija. Provoditsja sravnenie metodov, v tom chisle metodov scheta kal'cija-45 zhidkim i plasticheskim scintilljatorami, s ohvatom sledujushhih aspektov: a) jeffektivnost'; b) fon; v) legkost' i skorost' podgotovki obrazcov; g) primenenie standartov i vosproizvodimost'; d) emkost' ustojchivogo kal'cija. Dajutsja rekomendacii otnositel'no stepeni prigodnosti jetih metodov pri zadannyh obstojatel'stvah. (author)

  6. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Meeting MTM Eligibility Criteria Based on Star Ratings Compared with the Medicare Modernization Act.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Spivey, Christina A; Wang, Junling; Qiao, Yanru; Shih, Ya-Chen Tina; Wan, Jim Y; Kuhle, Julie; Dagogo-Jack, Samuel; Cushman, William C; Chisholm-Burns, Marie

    2018-02-01

    sensitivity analyses. Disparities were not completely explained by differences in patient characteristics based on the Blinder-Oaxaca approach. The multinomial logistic regression of each main analysis found significant adjusted relative risk ratios (RRR) between whites and blacks for 2009 (RRR = 0.459, 95% CI = 0.438-0.481); 2013 (RRR = 0.449, 95% CI = 0.434-0.465); and 2015 (RRR = 0.436, 95% CI = 0.425-0.446) and between whites and Hispanics for 2009 (RRR = 0.559, 95% CI = 0.528-0.593); 2013 (RRR = 0.544, 95% CI = 0.521-0.569); and 2015 (RRR = 0.503, 95% CI = 0.488-0.518). These findings indicate a significant reduction in racial and ethnic disparities when using star ratings eligibility criteria; for example, black-white disparities in the likelihood of meeting MTM eligibility criteria were reduced by 55.1% based on star ratings compared with MMA in 2013. Similar patterns were found in most sensitivity and disease-specific analyses. This study found that minorities were more likely than whites to be MTM-eligible under the star ratings criteria. In addition, MTM eligibility criteria based on star ratings would reduce racial and ethnic disparities associated with MMA in the general Medicare population and those with specific chronic conditions. Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health under award number R01AG049696. The content of this study is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Cushman reports an Eli Lilly grant and uncompensated consulting for Takeda Pharmaceuticals outside this work. The other authors have no potential conflicts of interest to report. Study concept and design were contributed by Wang and Shih, along with Wan, Kuhle, Spivey, and Cushman. Wang, Qiao, and Wan took the lead in data collection, with assistance from the other authors. Data interpretation was performed by Wang, Kuhle

  7. Use of multiple attributes decision-making Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS for Ghare-Gheshlagh calcite in determination of optimum geochemical sampling sites

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mansour Rezaei Azizi

    2015-04-01

    for green, white and pink calcites were varied 0.087, 0.247 and 0.997 respectively. The low amounts of Eu anomaly for green and white calcites attributed to low rock/fluid ratio (Nesbitt et al., 1990 and relatively more pH value (Cheng et al., 2013, however, increasing the Eu anomaly may be due to high rock/fluid ratio and less pH value. Ce anomalies are 0.0241, 0.0113 and 0.0131 in pink, white and green calcites respectively. The most negative Ce anomaly values show that calcite have precipitated under reduction conditions (Nesbitt et al., 1990. Discussion Recently, multiple attributes decision-making techniques help scientist to solve decision-making problems related to various controlling factors (Zhijun et al., 2013. One of these techniques is a Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS which is a quantitative weighted method (Momenei 2006. The identified criteria are CaO abundant in solution (C1, Eu anomaly (C2, Ce anomaly (C3, Sr abundant (C4 and volume (C5. The Index-Rock matrix also includes A1, A2 and A3 alternatives; as pink, green and white calcite respectively. The weighted normalized decision matrix can be calculated by multiplying the normalized evaluation matrix with its associated weight to obtain the result. The result show that Eu anomaly, volume, Sr abundant and Ce anomaly in order have higher role to investigate the geochemical study of area. Calculation of the relative closeness to the ideal solution (Cl * for pink, green and white calcites are 0.837, 0.445 and 0.157 respectively. It can be deduced that the most preferable calcite to be sampled for investigating geochemically are pink and green calcites. References Cheng, D.L., Jiang-haob, L., Shou-pengc, Z., Lianga, L., Zhao-bina, Y., Guo-lina, G. and Tinga, L., 2013. Geochemical characteristics of calcite and dolomite in sandstone of Dongying Sinking, Shandong Province, China. Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 7(4: 504 – 507. Eftekharnezhad, J., 1973

  8. The Measurement of Integrated Gamma-Ray Doses in the Range 50 Mrad to 5 Mrad Using Phosphate Glass and Lithium Fluoride; Mesure, au Moyen de Verre au Phosphate et de Fluorure de Lithium, de Doses Integrees de Rayons Gamma de 50 Mrad a 5 Mrad; 0418 0417 041c 0414 ; Medicion de Dosis Integradas de Rayos Gamma de 50 Mrad a 5 Mrad por Medio de Vidrio al Fosfato y de Fluoruro de Litio

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Webb, G. A.M. [Central Electricity Generating Board, Berkeley Nuclear Laboratories, Berkeley, Glos. (United Kingdom)

    1965-06-15

    de 10{sup 8}; en cambio, el LiF puede utilizarse para dosis ligeramente inferiores, pero alcanza el punto de saturacion por encima de 10{sup 5} rad. El LiF es casi independiente de la energia, en tanto que el vidrio posee, a 60 keV, una sensibilidad siete veces mayor que para las radiaciones del {sup 60}Co; esta desviacion puede corregirse con ayuda de un blindaje, pero este presenta el inconveniente de elevar el limite energetico inferior. Se ha investigado muy a fondo el fenomeno de desvanecimiento en el vidrio; el del LiF no es tan marcado y ha merecido menos interes. Tanto el vidrio como el LiF pueden recocerse y utilizarse de nuevo y ambos se han sometido a varios ciclos de recocido, determinandose tambien las alteraciones de la sensibilidad. Para cada sistema se han estudiado los efectos de la temperatura de irradiacion y de almacenamiento entre 20 y 100 Degree-Sign C, y se han evaluado las dosis en flujos mixtos de neutrones y rayos {gamma}. La memoria compara ambos sistemas desde el punto de vista de su empleo practico y de su aplicacion en casos especiales. (author) [Russian] Radiofotoljuminiscencija i izmenenie cveta fosfatnogo stekla sravnivajutsja s termoljuminis- cenciej ftoristogo litija v kachestve osnovy dozimetricheskih sistem v diapazone doz gamma- izluchenija ot 50 millirad do 5 megarad. Stimulirovannaja ljuminiscencija fosfatnogo stekla s aktivirovannym serebrom pri nizkom znachenii Z byla izmerena s pomoshh'ju serijnogo fluorimetra (ftorostekljannyj dozimetr Toshiba), a takzhe spektrometra dlja izmerenija izmenenija opticheskoj plotnosti v oblasti bol'shih doz. Izucheno vlijanie razlichnyh processov ochistki stekla. Termoljuminiscencija ftoristogo litija izmerena s pomoshh'ju laboratornogo schityvajushhego ustrojstva f ja poluchenija krivyh svechenija i posledujushhego integrirovanija ploshhadi pod neobhodimym pikom Jemissionnyj spektr termoljuminiscencii izmeren s pomoshh'ju opticheskih fil'trov, kotorye takzhe ispol'zovalis' dlja maksimal

  9. The Determination of Components of Radioactive Decay Mixtures by Computer Analysis of Count-Rate Data; Determination des Composants de Melanges Radioactifs en Decroissance par Analyse a l'Ordinateur des Resultats du Comptage; Opredelenie komponentov smesej radioaktivnogo raspada posredstvom analiza dannykh skorostej scheta s pomoshch'yu schetno-reshayushchego ustrojstva; Determinacion de los Componentes de Mezclas Radiactivas por Analisis de los Datos de Recuento Mediante Calculadoras

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Airman, W. D.F.; Tyler, S. A.; Dipertand, M. H.; Sedlet, J. [Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL (United States)

    1965-10-15

    izmenjaetsja znachitel'nym obrazom za period vremeni nabljudenija, libo v rezul'tate neposredstvennogo raspada, libo vsledstvie narastanija produktov raspada. Dlja kazhdoj novoj smesi predstavljaetsja vozmozhnym predskazat' sostav vozmozhnyh komponentov na osnovanii takih soobrazhenij, kak proishozhdenie i posledujushhaja jevoljucija smesi, harakter himii otdelenija i metod ili metody scheta. Esli takogo roda soobrazhenija primenjajutsja nadlezhashhim obrazom, to sostav vozmozhnyh komponentov vkljuchit vse dejstvitel'nye komponenty smesi. V takom sluchae mozhno sostavit' nadlezhashhie uravnenija narastanija i raspada i reshit' ih odnovremenno dlja poluchenija kazhdogo komponenta, ili zhe smes' mozhet byt' razlozhena na sostavnye chasti graficheski putem jekstrapoljacii linejnyh otrezkov krivoj obshhego raspada i narastanija. Odnako v sluchae bol'shogo chisla komponentov, esli rech' idet o kompleksnyh shemah raspada, jeti dva metoda libo okazyvajutsja nepriemlemymi, libo ne predstavljaetsja vozmozhnym opredelit' velichiny pogreshnostej, svjazannyh s vychislenijami. Otbor komponentov raspada po metodu naimen'shih kvadratov daet luchshuju ocenku, chem samo po sebe odnovremennoe reshenie uravnenij. Pojetomu na osnovanii metoda naimen'shih kvadratov byla vyrabotana programma po fortranu dlja schetno-reshajushhego ustrojstva (oboznachennaja po kodu {sup K}ORD{sup )}, kotoraja razreshaet sledujushhuju obshhuju problemu: zadajutsja momenty vremeni i otschety za edinicu vremeni dlja proby, vozmozhnye ishodnye radioizo- ' topy i shemy ih raspada, a takzhe vse sootvetstvujushhie konstanty raspada i jeffektivnosti obnaruzhenija; trebuetsja podschitat' kolichestvo kazhdogo ishodnogo izotopa, dejstvitel'no prisutstvujushhego v zaranee opredelennoe nulevoe vremja. V dopolnenie k jetomu programma daet kolichestvo ishodnyh i dochernih produktov v ljuboj moment registracii dannyh. Ispol'zovannaja pervonachal'no dlja bioanalizov i dlja analiza vzjatyh iz okruzhajushhej sredy prob, jeta programma

  10. PREFACE: International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP 2010)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lin, Simon C.; Shen, Stella; Neufeld, Niko; Gutsche, Oliver; Cattaneo, Marco; Fisk, Ian; Panzer-Steindel, Bernd; Di Meglio, Alberto; Lokajicek, Milos

    2011-12-01

    The International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) was held at Academia Sinica in Taipei from 18-22 October 2010. CHEP is a major series of international conferences for physicists and computing professionals from the worldwide High Energy and Nuclear Physics community, Computer Science, and Information Technology. The CHEP conference provides an international forum to exchange information on computing progress and needs for the community, and to review recent, ongoing and future activities. CHEP conferences are held at roughly 18 month intervals, alternating between Europe, Asia, America and other parts of the world. Recent CHEP conferences have been held in Prauge, Czech Republic (2009); Victoria, Canada (2007); Mumbai, India (2006); Interlaken, Switzerland (2004); San Diego, California(2003); Beijing, China (2001); Padova, Italy (2000) CHEP 2010 was organized by Academia Sinica Grid Computing Centre. There was an International Advisory Committee (IAC) setting the overall themes of the conference, a Programme Committee (PC) responsible for the content, as well as Conference Secretariat responsible for the conference infrastructure. There were over 500 attendees with a program that included plenary sessions of invited speakers, a number of parallel sessions comprising around 260 oral and 200 poster presentations, and industrial exhibitions. We thank all the presenters, for the excellent scientific content of their contributions to the conference. Conference tracks covered topics on Online Computing, Event Processing, Software Engineering, Data Stores, and Databases, Distributed Processing and Analysis, Computing Fabrics and Networking Technologies, Grid and Cloud Middleware, and Collaborative Tools. The conference included excursions to various attractions in Northern Taiwan, including Sanhsia Tsu Shih Temple, Yingko, Chiufen Village, the Northeast Coast National Scenic Area, Keelung, Yehliu Geopark, and Wulai Aboriginal Village

  11. 說故事對組織記憶影響之研究 A Study of Influence of Storytelling toward Organizational Memory

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pin-Han Chen

    2008-06-01

    stored by story, and it is one of retention facilities of organizational memory. For this reason, we can’t ignore the influence of storytelling on organizational memory. Besides, universities are important in the era of knowledge-based economy because of the influence of organizational memory on thinking, behavior, and attitude of members. The idea, spirit, and culture of universities can be passed down by storytelling. Shih Hsin university is the subject in this study. Based on the literature review and in-depth interview, this study explores the importance of storytelling to organization, the influence of storytelling on organizational memory, and organization value can be or can not be conveyed and established effectively by storytelling. The results of this study indicate that: 1. The importance of storytelling: Through storytelling, organization members emotionally connect to their organization and then identify their organization; 2. Storytelling can store organizational culture, convey experience and knowledge, and improve acquisition, retention, and maintenance of process of organizational memory management; 3. Organization value and spirit can be conveyed effectively by storytelling. Meanwhile, it is positive to employees. The results of this study explore the influence of storytelling on organizational memory and could be the reference to establishment and development of organizational memory in such enterprise and higher education organization.

  12. Multidimensional Gamma-Ray Spectrometry and its Use in Biology; La Spectrometry Gamma Multidimensionnelle et son Application en Biologie; Mnogomernaya spektrometriya gamma-luchej i ee ispol'zovanie v biologii; La Espectrometria Gamma Multidimensional y su Empleo en Biologia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Nielsen, J. M.; Kornberg, H. A. [Battelle Memorial Institute, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, WA (United States)

    1965-10-15

    nahodjashhim sebe osoboe primenenie v biologii metodom izmerenija radioizotopov. Jetot instrumental'nyj opyt daet vozmozhnost' neposredstvenno vyjavit' i izmerit' otdel'nye gamma-izluchateli v slozh- nyh smesjah radioizotopov v razlichnyh matricah prob bez predvaritel'noj himicheskoj ob- rabotki. Sistema obnaruzhenija skonstruirovana tak, chtoby obespechit': bol'shuju chuvstvi- tel'nost' blagodarja ispol'zovaniju dvuh bol'shih kristallicheskih detektorov iz NaJ (T1) (diametrom 6 i tolshhinoj 4 djujma); bol'shuju selektivnost' blagodarja ispol'zovaniju metoda scheta sovpadenij, pozvoljajushhego otdeljat' drug ot druga spektry gamma-luchej, pol'zujas' harakteristikami gamma-raspada kazhdogo radioizotopa v otdel'nosti; nakonec, chrezvychajno nizkij fon, a takzhe sokrashhenie komptonovskoj interferencii posredstvom okruzhajushhego pribor detektora antisovpadenij s kol'cevym kanalom (sostojashhego iz kristalla NaJ (T1) tolshhinoj 11,5 djujma s otverstiem diametrom 6,5 djujma). Pri pomoshhi 4096-kanal'nogo mnogomernogo analizatora dva sovpadajushhih gamma-lucha razreshajutsja po svoim jenergijam i zanosjatsja dlja hranenija v ploskost' 64 h 64-kanal'noj pamjati, togda kak nesovpadajushhie sobytija hranjatsja tol'ko na osjah pamjati. Jeto jeffektivnym obrazom sokrashhaet fon i komp- tonovskie interferencii na neskol'ko porjadkov i vmeste s tem znachitel'no uluchshaet sele- ktivnost' . Neposredstvennoe gamma-spektrometricheskoe izmerenie radioizotopov, nahodjashhihsja v nichtozhno malyh kolichestvah v biologicheskih probah, znachitel'no zatrudnjaetsja iz-za pri- sutstvija otnositel'no bol'shih kolichestv prirodnogo kalija-40, gamma-radiacija kotorogo s jenergiej 1,47 Mjev meshaet izmerenijam. Poskol'ku bol'shaja chast' radioizotopov raspa- daetsja s kaskadnoj jemissiej dvuh ili neskol'kih gamma-luchej, novyj metod daet vozmozh- nost' provodit' neposredstvenno selektivnye izmerenija i rasshirjat' krug primenenija jetogo metoda. Tak, naprimer, natrij-22 (radioizotop, vstrechajushhijsja

  13. EDITORIAL: Invited papers from ISAMMA 2010 (Sendai, Japan, 12-16 July 2010) Invited papers from ISAMMA 2010 (Sendai, Japan, 12-16 July 2010)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Takahashi, M.; Saito, H.

    2011-02-01

    overseas. The programme involved 4 plenary talks, 37 invited talks, 85 contributed talks and 352 posters. All submitted papers were reviewed in order to meet the standards of Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics and Journal of Physics: Conference Series. We are grateful to all participants for their valuable contributions and active discussions. We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of 17 Japanese companies and 7 Japanese foundations. Invited papers from ISAMMA 2010 Contents Current status and recent topics of rare-earth permanent magnets S Sugimoto Alloying effect on the magnetic properties of RFeB-type bulk magnets H W Chang, C C Hsieh, J Y Gan, Y T Cheng, M F Shih and W C Chang Coercivity distributions in Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets produced by the grain boundary diffusion process H Nakamura, K Hirota, T Ohashi and T Minowa Recent progress in high Bs Fe-based nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys M Ohta and Y Yoshizawa Electric-field effects on magnetic anisotropy in Pd/Fe/Pd(0 0 1) surface Shinya Haraguchi, Masahito Tsujikawa, Junpei Gotou and Tatsuki Oda Gate modulation of spin precession in a semiconductor channel Hyun Cheol Koo, Jae Hyun Kwon, Jonghwa Eom, Joonyeon Chang, Suk Hee Han and Mark Johnson Ferromagnetic resonance of epitaxial Fe nanodots grown on MgO measured using coplanar waveguides M Mizuguchi and K Takanashi Switching phase diagrams of current-induced magnetization switching in asymmetric MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions Seung-Young Park, Jae-Ho Han, Se-Chung Oh, Jang-Eun Lee, Kyung-Tae Nam, Hyun-Woo Lee, Younghun Jo and Kyung-Jin Lee Temperature dependence of spin-dependent transport properties of Co2MnSi-based current-perpendicular-to-plane magnetoresistive devices Y Sakuraba, K Izumi, S Bosu, K Saito and K Takanashi Adsorbate-induced spin-polarization enhancement of Fe3O4(0 0 1) A Pratt, M Kurahashi, X Sun and Y Yamauchi Antiferromagnetic coupling between spinel ferrite and α-Fe layers in Fe3-δO4/MgO/Fe(0 0 1) epitaxial films Hideto

  14. Monitoring of Fresh Waters Used for Dispersal of Radioactive Wastes; Controle des Eaux Fluviales Utilisees pour la Dispersion des Dechets Radioactifs; 0418 0417 041c 0414 ; Monitoraje de las Aguas Dulces Utilizadas para la Dispersion de Desechos Radiactivos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ophel, I. L. [Environmental Research and Radiation Dosimetry Branch, Division of Biology and Health Physics, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River, ON (Canada)

    1960-07-01

    otnoshenijah jeta reka predstavljaet ozero. Jeffljujent razbavljaetsja bol'shimi ob{sup e}mami nizkoaktivnoj vody, ispol'zovannoj dlja ohlazhdenija, i postupaet v reku pri koncentracii radionuklidov, ne prevyshajushhih predel'no dopustimoj koncentracii dlja rabochih. Obshhaja koncentracija beta- i gamma-radionuklidov vverh po techeniju ot zavoda sostavljaet 2 x 10{sup -8} millikjuri/millilitr i 1,6 kilometra vniz po techeniju ot zavoda ravna 3 x 10{sup -8} millikjuri/millilitr. Vzjatie prob so dna reki pokazyvaet, chto radioaktivnost' ponizhaetsja v techenie celogo rjada let nesmotrja na postojannoe dobavlenie aktivnosti, osazhdajushhejsja na kolloidal'nom kremnii, vydeljajushhemsja iz vody. Iz rechnyh organizmov chelovekom upotrebljaetsja v pishhu tol'ko krupnaja ryba. Sledy stroncija-90 byli sluchajno obnaruzheny v kostjah, no ne v mjase. Maksimal'noe soderzhanie 10{sup -3} millikjuri R{sup 32}/g obshhego vesa bylo obnaruzheno v nebol'shih okunjah. Hotja fosfor-32 sostavljaet tol'ko 0,04% obshhej radioaktivnosti jeffljuenta, on predstavljaet 75-95% vseh radionuklidov obnaruzhennyh v bol'shinstve vzjatyh na issledovanie ryb. (author)

  15. Irradiation as a Quarantine Control Measure; Irradiation Comme Mesure de Controle Sanitaire; Obluchenie kak mera po karantinnomu kontrolyu; La Irradiacion Como Sustitutivo de las Medidas de Cuarentena

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cornwell, P. B. [Rentokil Laboratories Ltd., Felcourt, Sussex (United Kingdom)

    1966-11-15

    este problema y si la irradiacion de ciertos productos puede sustituir las tecnicas de fumigacion actualmente aplicadas. Cita algunos ejemplos de como pueden emplearse las radiaciones para desinfestar el equipaje de los viajeros en aeropuertos, impedir la propagacion de plagas de la fruta a traves de las fronteras y tratar la madera de importacion. Considera que la suelta de insectos esterilizados como medida continua de control puede sustituir las operaciones de cuarentena y de tratamiento de zonas para la contencion de plagas. (author) [Russian] VT965 godu cherez granicy SShA prosledovalo sto vosem'desjat shest' millionov chelovek. Iz 446 000 partij gruzov, obsledovannyh v portah pribytija SShA v proshlom godu, 32 000 okazalis' zarazhennymi. Gromadnoe uvelichenie mezhdunarodnogo turizma, obmena tovarami v processe torgovli i skorosti peredvizhenija iz odnoj chasti mira v druguju trebujut prinjatija strogih mer po predotvrashheniju vsemirnogo rasprostranenija 'nezhelatel'nyh' vidov nasekomyh. V sluchae pojavlenija jekzoticheskih vidov karantinnyj kontrol' za kolichestvom nasekomyh-vreditelej, ih rasprostraneniem i bystrym ih razmnozheniem trebuet bol'shih usilij po provedeniju kampanij, sderzhivajushhih rasprostranenie nasekomyh s cel'ju ih unichtozhenija. Javljaetsja li ''kontrol'' naibolee jekonomichnym sredstvom bor'by i rasprostraneniem nezhelatel'nyh vidov nasekomyh? Javljaetsja li sozdanie tehnicheskih sredstv po obrabotke posredstvom obluchenija opredelennyh vidov gruzov v punktah importa ili jeksporta, ili v sbornyh punktah vozmozhnym otvetom na jetot vopros? Mozhet li obluchenie nekotoryh produktov zamenit' sushhestvujushhie metody dezinfekcii? Privodjatsja primery vozmozhnogo ispol'zovanija obluchenija dlja obrabotki bagazha passazhirov v ajeroportah v celjah predotvrashhenija rasprostranenija nasekomyh-vreditelej fruktovyh kul'tur za predely vnutrennih granic gosudarstva i primery obrabotki drevesiny pri vvoze. Nepreryvnoe rasprostranenie sterilizovannyh

  16. High-Dose Ionizing Radiation Photographic Dosimetry; Mesure, par des Methodes Photogra Phiques, de Doses Elevees de Rayonnements Ionisants; 0424 041e 0422 041e 0413 0420 0414 ; Dosimetria Fotografica de Dosis Elevadas de Radiaciones Ionizantes

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Trousil, J.; Bucina, I. [Institute for Research Production and Application of Radioisotopes Prague, Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic)

    1965-06-15

    potemnenija fotoplenki. Blagodarja tomu, chto ne byl ispol'zovan fotouvelichitel', minimal'no sokrashhena vozmozhnaja perederzhka pribora, chto udobno dlja obychnyh standartnyh izmerenij. Krome togo, privodjatsja parametry, kotorye dolzhny imet' dozimetricheskie plenki, chtoby byt' prigodnymi dlja obnaruzhenija bol'shih doz, a takzhe proizvoditsja sravnenie mezhdu kachestvom dozimetricheskih plenok FOMA i ORWO pri sluchajnom obluchenii. Dlja izmerenija doz bol'shoj moshhnosti uspeshno primenjalsja metod zatormozhennogo projavlenija, kotoryj opisyvaetsja v dal'nejshem i pri kotorom v projavitele byli ispol'zovany veshhestva tipa nitrobenzimida- zola i benztriazola v sootvetstvujushhih koncentracijah. V sluchae ispol'zovanija jemul'sii nebol'shoj chuvstvitel'nosti s bol'shim soderzhaniem serebra jetot metod pozvoljaet proizvodit' izmerenie doz gamma-izluchenija (rentgenovskogo izluchenija bolee vysokoj jenergii) vplot' do 10{sup 3} rad, a esli net neobhodimosti v opredelenii dozy - s tochnost'ju do 100 rad, to i vyshe. Pokazyvaetsja zatormazhivajushhee dejstvie himikaliev, dobavljaemyh v projavitel', na jemul'siju vysokoj i nizkoj chuvstvitel'nosti s bol'shim soderzhaniem serebra, kotorye ispol'zujutsja v dozimetrii. V jemul'sijah, kotorye ispol'zujutsja dlja izmerenija doz bol'shoj moshhnosti i kotorye projavljajut v projavitele s dobavleniem zatormazhivajushhih himikaliev, ustanovleno vlijanie zavisimosti ot jenergii i obescvechivanija skrytogo izobrazhenija na tochnost' izmerjaemyh doz. V zakljuchenie opisyvajutsja pogreshnosti fotograficheskoj dozimetrii bol'shih doz, kotorye obnaruzheny na osnove principa jeksperimental'nyh rabot posredstvom matematicheskoj statistiki. Uchityvaetsja uvelichenie pogreshnostej v diapazone neznachitel'nogo i bol'shogo potemnenija plenki. Uchityvajutsja takzhe pogreshnosti, obuslovlennye kalibrovkoj, zavisimost'ju ot jenergii, obescvechivaniem skrytogo izobrazhenija, himicheskoj obrabotkoj i izmereniem potemnenija. Ne uchityvaetsja pogreshnost

  17. Sorption Regularities in Behaviour of Fission-Product Elements during Filtration of their Solutions through Ground; Lois de l'Absorption des Elements Radioactifs Lors du Filtrage des Solutions a Travers les Terrains; 0417 0410 041a 041e 041d 0414 ; Leyes de la Absorcion de los Elementos Radiactivos Cuando se Filtran Soluciones a Traves de las Formaciones Geologicas

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Spitsyn, V. I.; Balukova, V. D.; Gromov, V. V.; Zakharov, S. I.; Zhagin, B. P.; Spiridonov, F. M.

    1960-07-01

    menee 10 metrov s dvumja rezkimi granicami umen'shenija radioaktivnosti grunta: v poverhnostnoj chasti i na glubine fronta fil'tracii rastvora. Krome togo, otdel'no izuchalos' pogloshhenie radiostroncija prirodnymi sorbentami, preimushhestvenno chistymi mineralami, shiroko rasprostranennymi v pochvah i gruntah. Prisutstvie dazhe nebol'shih kolichestv ionov kal'cija rezko snizhaet stepen' sorbcii radiostroncija. Odnako v zavisimosti ot sostava sorbenta stroncij, pri prochih ravnyh uslovijah, mozhet pogloshhat'sja v bol'shej stepeni, chem kal'cij. Polevaja proverka sorbcii i migracii radiostroncija pokazala, chto pri fil'tracii radioaktivnyh rastvorov sleduet rassmatrivat' dva vozmozhnyh varianta. Pervyj - rastvory sbrasyvajutsja v grunty, ne podvergajushhiesja vozdejstviju vodnogo potoka. Pri jetom radiostroncij zaderzhivaetsja gruntami. Vtoroj - radiojelementy popadajut neposredstvenno v vodonesushhij gorizont. V jetom sluchae proishodit migracija radiostroncija s potokom gruntovoj vody, a takzhe ego migracija po gruntam s nalozheniem processov sorbcii i desorbcii. (author)

  18. Design, Fabrication and Performance of Boron-Carbide Control Elements; Conception, Fabrication et Comportement de Lames de Commande en Carbure de Bore; Raschety, izgotovlenie i kharakteristiki reguliruyushchikh sterzhnej. Iz karbida Bora; Proyecto, Elaboracion y Rendimiento de Elementos de Control de Carburo de Boro

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Brammer, H. A.; Jacobson, J. [General Electric Company, San Jose, CA (United States)

    1964-06-15

    acero al boro y motivos por los que se abandonaron en favor del carburo de boro. 2. Desarrollo progresivo del elemento de carburo de boro, comenzando con los primeros experimentos y las mediciones iniciales llevadas a cabo en el Vallecitos Atomic Laboratory en el marco del programa de desarrollo de materiales para barras de control de la AEC, hasta llegar a una descripcion de la configuracion definitiva de la barra de control. 3. Elaboracion de los elementos y procedimientos de control de calidad. 4. Resultados de los ensayos para determinar las caracteristicas mecanicas y la reactividad. 5. Experiencia adquirida Con los elementos y datos sobre los resultados de la inspeccion mecanica y de los ensayos de la reactividad al cabo de 2 aflos de utilizacion en los reactores. (author) [Russian] Regulirujushhee ustrojstvo s ispol'zovaniem krestoobraznoj kasety, Sostojashhej iz trubok iz nerzhavejushhej stali, zapolnennyh karbidom bora (B{sub 4}C), stali primenjat' v re aktorah s kipjashhej vodoj v aprele 1961 goda. S jetogo vremeni kasety stali standartnym jetalonom upravljajushhih sterzhnej v reaktorah s kipjashhej vodoj kompanii {sup D}zhene- ral Jelektrik{sup .} Oni zamenili kasety iz nerzhavejushhej stali s 2%-nym soderzhaniem bo r a . Jeti krestoobraznye kasety sostojat iz nabora nebol'shih vertikal'nyh trub iz nerzhavejushhej stali, zapolnennyh plotnym poroshkom karbida bora. Poroshok karbida bora pomeshhen v prodol'nom napravlenii v nezavisimyh otdalenijah putem gorjachej pakovki nad sharikopodshipnikami, razmeshhennymi, razmeshhennymi vnutri trub. R azr abotka i ispol'zovanie regulirujushhih sterzhnej iz karbida bora obsuzhdaetsja po sledujushhim pjati fazam: 1. Kratkoe opisanie opyta s pomoshh'ju stal'nyh kaset, soderzhashhih bor, i prichiny perehoda k regulirujushhim sterzhnjam iz karbida bora. 2 . Ustrojstvo kaset iz karbida bora, nachinaja s jeksperimentov po ra zrab otke i vkljuchaja samye pervye meroprijatija, provedennye v KAJe po ''Materialam dlja

  19. Pulsed Neutron Studies of BeO-Natural Uranium Lattices; Etudes de Reseaux Uranium Naturel-Glucine, par la Methode des Neutrons Pulses; Issledovanie reshetok BeO-prirodnyj uran s pomoshch'yu impul'snykh nejtronov; Estudio de Reticulados de Beo-Uranio Natural con Ayuda de Neutrones Pulsados

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Joshi, B. V.; Nargundkar, V. R.; Subbarao, K. [Atomic Energy Establishment Trombay, Bombay (India)

    1965-10-15

    proporcional'nye schetchiki iz oboga- shhennogo trehftoristogo bora. Prostranstvennye i vremennye garmoniki byli ustraneny s pomoshh'ju metoda, opisannogo Dzhoshi i drugimi v 1965 godu. Postojannaja raspada osnov- nogo sostojanija opredelena dlja neskol'kih laplasianov pri sostojanii, dalekom ot kriti- cheskogo. V jetih vychislenijah prinimali v raschet jeffekt diffuzionnogo ohlazhdenija i ani- zotropii. Vse postojannye diffuzii i razmnozhenija opredeljali metodom approksimacii naimen'shih kvadratov tremja razlichnymi podhodami. Mgnovennyj kriticheskij laplasian opredelen putem razlozhenija uravnenija postojannoj raspada dlja {lambda} = 0 . Okonchatel'nymi re- zul'tatami javljajutsja: Diffuzionnaja dlina L = 15,2 sm. Postojannaja absorbcii {lambda}{sub 0} = 762,5 sek{sup -1} . Diffuzionnyj kojefficient D = 1,761 * 10{sup 5} sm{sup 2} sek{sup 1} . Postojannaja diffuzionnogo ohlazhdenija C = -8,766 * 10{sup 5} sm{sup 4} sek{sup -1}. Vozrast {tau} = 150,7 sm{sup 2}. Kojefficient neogranichennogo razmnozhenija k{sub {infinity}} = 1,126. Mgnovennyj kriticheskij laplasian V{sup 2} = 3,00 - 10{sup -4} sm{sup -2}. (author)

  20. Papers from the Fifth International Brain-Computer Interface Meeting

    Science.gov (United States)

    Huggins, Jane E.; Wolpaw, Jonathan R.

    2014-06-01

    ://bcimeeting.org/2013/meetinginfo.html [3] http://bcimeeting.org/2013/researchsessions.html (indexes individual abstracts) [4] http://bcimeeting.org/2013/posters.html (indexes individual abstracts) [5] http://castor.tugraz.at/doku/BCIMeeting2013/BCIMeeting2013_all.pdf [6] Huggins J E et al 2014 Workshops of the Fifth International Brain--Computer Interface Meeting: Defining the Future Brain--Computer Interface J. 1 27-49 [7] Peters B, Bieker G, Heckman S M, Huggins J E, Wolf C, Zeitlin D and Fried-Oken M 2014 Brain--computer interface users speak up: the Virtual Users' Forum at the 2013 International BCI Meeting Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation vol 95 fall supplement at press [8] Thompson D E et al 2014 Performance measurement for brain-computer or brain-machine interfaces: a tutorial J. Neural Eng. 11 035001 [9] Mugler E, Patton J, Flint R, Wright Z, Schuele S, Rosenow J, Shih J, Krusienski D and Slutzky M 2014 Direct classification of all American English phonemes using signals from functional speech motor cortex J. Neural Eng. 11 035015

  1. Non-Destructive Testing Methods Applied to Multi-Finned SAP Tubing for Nuclear-Fuel Elements; Essais Non Destructifs de Gaines a Ailettes, en Poudre d'Aluminium Frittee, pour Elements Combustibles; Nedestruktivnye metody ispytaniya rebristykh trub iz spechennogo alyuminikiog'o poroshka dlya yadernykh toplivnykh ehlementov; Metodos de Ensayo No Destructivo Aplicados a Tubos de SAP con Aletas Multiples Destinados a Elementos Combustibles

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lund, S. A. [Danish Central Welding Institution, Copenhagen (Denmark); Knudsen, P. [Danish Atomic Energy Commission, Research Establishment, Risoe (Denmark)

    1965-09-15

    corrientes de Foucault. (author) [Russian] Komissija po atomnoj jenergii Danii predprinjala izuchenie jenergeticheskogo reaktora s organicheskim teplonositelem i tjazhelovodnym zamedlitelem. Toplivnym jelementom dlja reaktora javljaetsja puchok iz 19 sterzhnej; toplivnyj sterzhen' soderzhit spechennye tabletki iz dvuokisi urana v dvuhmetrovoj trube iz spechennogo aljuminievogo poroshka. Truby dolzhny byt' ochen' horoshego kachestva, chtoby obespechit' optimal'nye uslovija perenosa tepla i sohranenija celostnosti toplivnyh jelementov vo vremja jekspluatacii reaktora. Dva primera otnositel'no konstrukcii trub svidetel'stvujut ob ochen' nebol'shih razmernyh dopuskah. Dlja obespechenija sootvetstvujushhego kachestva trub razrabotan strogij kontrol' v znachitel'noj stepeni osnovannyj na nedestruktivnyh metodah. Privoditsja opisanie jetih metodov, razrabotannyh dlja izmerenija tolshhiny stenok i diametrov i dlja obnaruzhenija defektov. Slozhnoe poperechnoe sechenie 24-rebernoj truby ne pozvoljaet primenjat' ul'trazvukovye metody ili metody vihrevyh tokov dlja izmerenija tolshhiny stenok. Pojetomu razrabotan special'nyj kontrol'no-izmeritel'nyj pribor, registrirujushhij beta-izluchenie, osnovannyj na principe oslablenija beta-izluchenija, poluchaemogo ot istochnika stroncija-90, pomeshhennogo vnutri truby. Metod ul'trazvukovogo rezonansa pri pogruzhenii primenjaetsja dlja postojannoj registracii tolshhiny stenok bolee prostyh konstrukcij 12-rebernyh trub. Vnutrennij i vneshnij (mezhdu granjami reber) diametry postojanno registrirujutsja bystrodejstvujushhimi sistemami vozduhomerov. Defekty obnaruzhivajut s pomoshh'ju ul'trazvuka metodom impul's-jeho i metodom vihrevyh tokov. Metodom ul'trazvuka mozhno legko obnaruzhivat' poperechnye no ne prodol'nye treshhiny. Pojetomu, krome proverki ul'trazvukom, primenjaetsja ispytanie vihrevymi tokami. (author)

  2. Compounds Labelled with Low-Energy Gamma-Ray Emitters for Medical Isotope Scanning; Gammagraphie au Moyen de Composes Marques avec des Emetteurs Gamma de Faible Energie; Soedineniya, ispol'zuemye pri meditsinskom izotopnom skennirovanii, mechennye s pomoshch'yu gamma-izluchatelej nizkoj ehnergii; Compuestos Marcados con Emisores Gamma de Baja Energia para la Exploracion Medica Mediante Isotopos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Scheer, K. E.; Zum Winkel, K.; Georgi, M. [Czerny-Krankenhaus der Universitat Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany (Germany)

    1964-10-15

    por los tejidos del cuerpo limita la profundidad a que las lesiones pueden ser visualizadas. En organos de grandes dimensiones, como el higado, se evita la superposicion de las radiaciones procedentes de la parte posterior del organo, lo que permite detectar mejor las lesiones superficiales. El. emisor,gamma de baja energia mas importante es el {sup 125}I. Para la exploracion de la tiroides se utiliza en forma de yoduro. El Rosa Bengala marcada con {sup 125}I es un compuesto adecuado para la exploracion del higado. Tambien puede utilizarse albumina desnaturalizada por el calor, marcada con {sup 125}I. Para la exploracion del rinon se ha comprobado que el hipuran marcado con {sup 125}I da buenos resultados cuando se inyecta por via intramuscular con hialuronidasa a fin de lograr un nivel uniforme de radiactividad en este organo. Otro emisor gamma de baja energia muy util para la exploracion medica es el {sup 197}Hg que puede utilizarse en forma de cloruro para la exploracion de los rinones y el bazo. Deben tomarse precauciones especiales para evitar la superposicion del rinon y el bazo. La exploracion da mejores resultados si se utiliza {sup 197}Hg marcado con neohidrina. Este compuesto puede emplearse tambien para la localizacion de tumores del cerebro. Los autores presentan centelleogramas tipicos de tumores de la tiroides, del higado, del bazo, del rinon y del cerebro obtenidos con emisores gamma de baja energia y con nuclidos y compuestos tradicionales, y examinan las ventajas que ofrecen los primeros. (author) [Russian] Gammaizluchateli nizkoj jenergii imejut osobye preimushhestva pri ispol'zovanii ih dlja medicine - skogo scintilljacionnogo skennirovanija po dvum prichinam: 1. Svincovaja zashhita kollimatorov znachitel'no jeffektivnee. Pojetomu mozhno primenjat' tonkostennye kollimatory s mnogokratnoj fokusirovkoj, dobivajas' pri jetom naibol'shego geometricheskogo razreshenija, i v svjazi s jetim- vozmozhnosti obnaruzhenija nebol'shih porazhenij. 2. Pogloshhenie

  3. PREFACE: 14th International Conference on Metrology and Properties of Engineering Surfaces (Met & Props 2013)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fu, Wei-En

    2014-03-01

    of Japan, Japan) Dr Heui-Jae Pahk (SNU Precision Co. Ltd., Korea) Professor Jiu-Bin Tan (Harbin Institute of Technology, China) Ms. Siew-Leng Tan (National Metrology Centre (NMC/A*STAR), Singapore) Mr. A. Tonmueanwai (National Institute of Metrology, Thailand (NIMT), Thailand) Professor Kazuhisa Yanagi (Nagaoka University, Japan) Local Organizing Committee Dr Victor Tzeng-Yow Lin (Center for Measurement Standards, ITRI, Taiwan) Professor Kuang-Chao Fan (National Taiwan University, Taiwan) Professor Jen-Fin Lin (ASME Fellow, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan) Professor Chao-Chang Chen(National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan) Professor Shih-Chieh Lin (National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan) Professor Liang-Chia Chen (National Taiwan University, Taiwan) Professor Fang-Jung Shiou (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan) Professor Chun-Hui Chung (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan) Professor Pin-Chuan Chen (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan) Dr Wen-En Fu (Center for Measurement Standards, ITRI, Taiwan)

  4. Fixation of Radionuclides in Titanium Dioxide and Titanates via co-Precipitation; Fixation de Radioelements dans le Bioxyde de Titane et dans les Titanates par Coprecipitation; 0424 0418 041a 0421 0410 0426 0418 042f 0420 0410 0414 0418 041e 0418 0417 041e 0422 041e 041f 041e 0412 0412 0414 0412 0423 041e 041a 0418 0421 0418 0422 0418 0422 0410 041d 0410 0418 1 0418 0422 0410 041d 0410 0422 0410 0425 041c 0415 0422 041e 0414 041e 041c 0421 041e 041e 0421 0410 0416 0414 0415 041d 0418 042f ; Fijacion de Radionuclidos en Dioxido de Titanio y Titanatos por Coprecipitacion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Levi, H. W. [Hahn-Meitner Institut fuer Kernforschung, Berlin-Wannsee, Federal Republic of Germany (Germany)

    1963-02-15

    vvedenija aktivnosti v jetot predvaritel'nyj produkt. Nedostatkami soosazhdenija javljajutsja trudnost' otdelenija vysokoaktivnogo shlamma ot rastvora i nizkaja stepen' udalenija cezija, a preimushhestvami - prigodnost' dlja predvaritel'nyh processov, menee ogranichennaja ob{sup e}mnaja emkost' po sravneniju s sorbcionnoj sposobnost'ju glinistyh mineralov i otsutstvie stadii vyparivanija. Pojetomu predstavljaetsja zhelatel'nym podrobnee rassmotret' himiju sootvetstvujushhih sistem soosazhdenija. Pervoj byla vybrana sistema TiO{sub 2} blagodarja horoshim fiksirujushhim kachestvam TiO{sub 2} i titanatov. Soosaditel'nye svojstva TiO{sub 2} * H{sub 2}O izuchalis' v razlichnyh jeksperimental'nyh uslovijah. Dlja nekotoryh radioizotopov kojefficient raspredelenija okazalsja takim zhe ili luchshim, chem v sluchae drugih gidratov okisi. Vysokaja koncentracija radioizotopa ili analogichnyh emu ionov vyzyvaet umen'shenie kojefficienta raspredelenija. Jetogo mozhno izbezhat' odnovremennym osazhdeniem karbonatov ili oksalatov, v rezul'tate kotorogo udaljaetsja osnovnoe kolichestvo ionov. Izuchalos' takzhe vlijanie aljuminija, prisutstvujushhego v bol'shih kolichestvah. Nachato issledovanie obrazovanija oktajedrita i rutila iz chistogo osadka TiO{sub 2} * H{sub 2}O i titanatov iz osadkov TiO{sub 2} * H{sub 2}O+ karbonat ili oksalat v processe vysokotemperaturnoj obrabotki. (author)

  5. Riesgo de infección transfusional de hepatitis C en Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauricio Beltrán

    2004-03-01

    exposición a transfusión, número de donantes y calidad del tamizaje. La infección ha disminuido con el tamizaje para anti-VHC en donantes, desde 1990 y con mejores mecanismos de selección de donantes. (5. En Colombia, los datos del INS de vigilancia de infecciones en donantes, muestran el inició del tamizaje para VHC en 1993 pero hasta 1995 alcanzó a 99% de cobertura y en 2003 a 99.91%. La prevalencia de anticuerpos anti-VHC varió entre 100 y 50 de 1993 a 2003 por 10.000 donaciones (6. Estudios en población de alto riesgo, señalan una prevalencia de infección por el VHC entre 35% y 60% en hemodializados; 6,5% y 32% en hemofílicos, siendo el factor de riesgo más común la transfusión (7,8. Un reciente estudio en politransfundidos halló prevalencias de infección de 32.2%, en hemofílicos, 6.1% en hemodializados, 7.1% en pacientes con talasemia, 2.56% para pérdida sanguínea aguda y 3.4% en pacientes oncohematológicos; este estudio además, resaltó como principales factores de riesgo de infección, el número de productos de sangre transfundida y las transfusiones antes de 1995 (9.

     

    REFERENCIAS

    1. SIMMONDS P, SMITH DB, MCOMISH F, et al. Identification of genotypes of hepatitis C virus by sequence comparisons in the core, E1 and Ns-5 regions. J Gen Virol 1994; 75: 1053-61.

    2. ALTER HJ, PURCELL RH, SHIH JW, et al. Detection of antibody to hepatitis C virus inprospectively followed transfusion recipients with acute and cronic non -A- non- B hepatitis. N Engl J Med 1989; 321:1494-500.

    3. Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV Infection and HCV-Related Chronic

  6. Disposal of Radioactive Wastes in Natural Salt; Elimination des Dechets Radioactifs dans le Sel Naturel; 0423 0414 ; Evacuacion de Desechos Radiactivos en Formaciones Salinas Naturales

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Parker, F. L.; Boegly, W. J.; Bradshaw, R. L.; Empson, F. M.; Hemphill, L.; Struxness, E. G.; Tamura, T. [Health Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

    1960-07-01

    pueden solo estudiarse en las formaciones salinas inalteradas. En un yacimiento estratificado de sal situado en Hutchinson, Kansas, se han hecho experimentos con modelos a escala 1:5 y se estan realizando pruebas sobre el terreno a escala 1:1. (author) [Russian] Predlagaemoe ispol'zovanie polostej soljanyh zalezhej v kachestve mest dlja udalenija radioaktivnyh othodov osnovyvaetsja na: 1. Sushhestvovanii soli v techenie geologicheskih vekov, 2. Vodonepronicaemosti soli, 3. Shirokom geologicheskom rasprostranenii soli, 4. Chrezvychajno bol'shih kolichestvah imejushhejsja soli, 5. Strukturnoj prochnosti soli, 6. Sravnitel'no vysokoj teploprovodnosti soli po sravneniju s drugimi geologicheskimi obrazovanijami obshhek haraktera, 7. Vozmozhnom ispol'zovanii cennyh rasshhepljajushhihsja produktov v othodah, vvedennyh v sol', J 8. Sravnitel'no legkom sozdanii polostej v soli putem vyemki porody i eshhe bol'shej legkosti i nizkih zatratah na razrabotku v soli rastvornyh polostej, 9. Nizkoj sejsmichnosti v rajonah glavnyh soljanyh zalezhej. Zhidkie radioaktivnye othody mogut hranit'sja v polostjah, nahodjashhihsja . v zalezhah prirodnoj soli, esli strukturnye svojstva soli ne narusheny himicheskim vzaimodejstviem, davleniem, temperaturoj ili radiaciej. Analiticheskie issledovanija pokazyvajut, chto mozhno hranit' 800 gal/tonn dvuhgodichnyh othodov na 10000 MWD/T v sfere diametrom 10 futov, esli temperatura ne. prevyshaet 200 Degree-Sign po Farengejtu. Laboratornye ispytanija pokazyvajut, chto strukturnye svojstva i teploprovodnost' gornoj soli ne izmenjajutsja v znachitel'noj stepeni pod vozdejstviem vysokih doz radiacii, hotja vysokie temperatury uvelichivajut stepen' polzuchesti kak dlja obluchennyh, tak i dlja neobluchennyh obrazcov. Himicheskoe vzaimodejstvie zhidkih othodov s sol'ju daet hlor i drugie hloristye gazoobraznye soedinenija, no ih kolichestvo ne veliko. Migracija nuklidov v soli i deformacija polosti i kamery mogut byt' izucheny tol'ko v netronutoj zalezhi soli

  7. The Enhanced Radiocaesium Levels of People in Northern Sweden; Charge Corporelle de Radiocesium Relativement Elevie chez les Habitants de la Suede Septentrionale; 041f 041e 0414 0 ; Cargas de Radiocesio Anormalmente Elevadas en los Habitantes del Norte de Suecia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Liden, K.; Naversten, Y. [Radiation Physics Department, University of Lund (Sweden)

    1964-11-15

    recuento en abril de 1962 a un grupo de 157 personas. Eri esta ocasion la carga de cesio-137 oscilo entre 30 y 740 nc. En el curso de una expedicion que en cinco semanas visito a siete centros de Suecia septentrional en abril de 1963, se examinaron en total 458 personas con el-mismo contador montado en un omnibus. Esta vez, la carga de cesio-137 de los lapones de la zona antes mencionada estuvo comprendida entre 50 y 900 nc. La carga media de cesio-137 en todos los criadores de renos (78 hombres adultos), medida en abril de 1963, fue de 461 nc. La carga corporal maxima observada fue de 1340 nc de cesio-137. Se facilitan detalles sobre la variacion de la carga de cesio-137 en funcion de la edad, el sexo, el tipo de ocupacion y el regimen alimenticio, asi como sobre las, variaciones estacionales y geograficas observadas. De 1961 a 1963 se ha advertido un aumento de la carga corporal media de cesio-137. Con fines comparativos, se sometio tambien a recuento a individuos noilapones. En casi todos ellos se observo una carga, de cesio-137, muy elevada en comparacion con la de los habitantes del sur de Suecia. La dosis de irradiacion debida al cesio-137 suele ser dos o tres vepes mayor que la debida al potasio-40, siendo el maximo observado 8 veces mayor. (author) [Russian] Posle obnaruzhenija vysokogo soderzhanija cezija-13? v organizme u shvedskih loparej v nachale 1961 goda bylo provedeno obsledovanie bol'shih grupp loparej i drugih zhitelej Shvecii, poluchajushhih takuju zhe dietu. V sentjabre 1961 goda obsledovali 162 cheloveka iz rajona, primykajushhego v Arkticheskomu krugu; izmerenija proizvodilis' s pomoshh'ju poluperenosnogo schetchika dlja izmerenija radioaktivnosti vsego organizma. V gruppe loparej soderzhanie cezija-137 nahodilos' v predelah ot 15 do 690 mmkkjuri. V jetom zhe rajone v aprele 1962 goda byla obsledovana gruppa iz 157 chelovek. V jeto vremja uroven' cezija-137 sostavljal 30-740 mmkkjuri. Vo vremja 5-nedel'noj jekspedicii v 7 razlichnyh centrah severnoj

  8. Improved Oxidation Resistance of Zirconium Resulting from Addition of Small Amounts of Copper; Amelioration de la Resistance a l'Oxydation du Zirconium par de Faibles Additions de Cuivre; Povyshenie soprotivlyaemosti k okisleniyu tsirkoniya posle dobavlenij nebol'shikh kolichestv medi; Aumento de la Resistencia del Circonio a la Oxidacion por Agregado de Pequenas Cantidades de Cobre

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Loriers, H.; Darras, R.; Baque, P. [Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay (France)

    1966-02-15

    particular las que contienen 2,5% de cobre, parecen ofrecer interesantes posibilidades como materiales en vainas o para estructuras de elementos combustibles destinados a reactores del tipo agua pesada-anhidrido carbonico. La corrosion del circonio por efectos del anhfdrido carbonico se reduce esencialmente a una oxidacion, en el curso de la cual interfieren dos procesos: 1. La formacion de una capa de oxido de circonio monoclfnico, a traves de la cual se difunde el oxigeno por migracion de huecos anionicos; 2. la disolucion y difusion del oxigeno en el seno del metal. La combinacion de datos gravimetricos con medidas del espesor de las capas de oxido, permite evaluar los dos coeficientes de difusion correspondientes. Por analogia, este calculo se ha extendido al caso de las aleaciones binarias circonio-cobre con un contenido de cobre inferior o igual a 4% en peso. La comparacion de los resultados obtenidos pone de manifiesto que el coeficiente de difusion aparente del oxigeno en la capa de oxido formada, disminuye cuando aumenta el contenido de cobre de la aleacion; por otra parte, si bien el coeficiente de difusion aparente del oxigeno en la aleacion sufre una pequeBa modificacion a 600 Degree-Sign C, disminuye a 700 Degree-Sign C cuando el contenido de cobre aumenta hasta 2,5%, El mejoramiento de la resistencia a la oxidacion, unido a la mayor lentitud de los procesos de difusion, se traduce en particular por la persistencia de una cinetica de tipo parabolico, mientras en el caso del circonio no aleado o aleado con otros metales, la formacion de fisuras en la capa de oxido conduce rapidamente a una cinetica de oxidacion de caracter lineal, como resultado del fenomeno de descamacion. (author) [Russian] Izlagaetsja vopros o tom, chto dobavlenie nebol'shih kolichestv medi povyshaet soprotivljaemost' k okisleniju cirkonija, vyzyvaemomu uglekislym gazom pod davleniem pri temperature mezhdu 600 Degree-Sign i 700 Degree-Sign S. Dejstvitel'no, sootvetstvujushhie splavy, v

  9. Recoil Processes of Cr{sup 51} in Mixed Inorganic Systems; Processus de Recul de {sup 51}Cr dans des Melanges Inorganique; 041f 0420 041e 0426 0415 0421 0421 042b 0421 042f 0414 0420 0410 041c 0418 041e 0422 0414 0410 0427 0418 0425 0420 041e 041c 0410 -51 0412 0421 041c 0415 III 0410 041d 041d 042b 0425 041d 0415 041e 0420 0413 0410 041d 0418 0427 0415 0421 041a 0418 0425 0421 0418 0421 0422 0415 041c 0410 0425 ; Procesos de Retroceso del {sup 51}Cr en Sistemas Inorganicos Mixtos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Veljkovic, S. R.; Milenkovic, S. M.; Ratkovic, M. R. [Boris Kidric Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Vinca, Yugoslavia (Serbia); Faculty Of Natural Sciences, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Yugoslavia (Serbia)

    1965-04-15

    smesjah hromatov ili solej hroma s neorganicheskimi okislami. V kachestve okislov ispol'zovalis' AI{sub 2}O{sub 3}, SiO{sub 2} i MgO. Termicheskie jeffekty kontrolirovalis' parallel'no dlja ocenki chisto teplovyh vozdejstvij v reaktore i dlja ocenki vozmozhnogo vnutrennego nagreva v mishenjah. V sisteme, gde hromaty byli osazhdeny na MgO, nabljudalos' sil'noe vosstanovlenie do hrom-iona. Pri temperature obluchenija nejtronnye jeffekty prevalirovali nad termicheskimi processami i tol'ko nagrevanie do temperatury vyshe 600 Degree-Sign S davalo podobnyj rezul'tat. Ion hroma vo vremja obluchenija ne izmenilsja. Uvelichenie koncentracii hromatov privodilo k horosho izvestnomu uderzhaniju Cr{sup 51}O{sub 4}{sup =}. Hromaty, adsorbirovannye na glinozeme, sohranjali formu okisi tak zhe, kak i v sisteme s SiO{sub 2}. Teplovye jeffekty imeli to zhe samoe napravlenie. Ion hroma, absorbirovannyj na jetih okisjah, vedet sebja razlichno. V sisteme s glinozemom otmechalos' sil'noe okislenie, kotoroe znachitel'no prevyshalo vklad teplovyh processov. Pri sravnenii jeffekta obluchenija i nagreva v sisteme s SiO{sub 2} obnaruzhena nebol'shaja raznica, hotja bylo otmecheno bol'shoe diffuzionnoe obednenie poverhnosti ionami hroma. Obshhaja osobennost' vseh sistem sostoit v ochen' nebol'shoj koncentracii soedinenij hroma. Himija tonkogo sloja, po-vidimomu, otlichaetsja ot obychnogo povedenija bol'shih mass hromatov v bol'shinstve sluchaev, kak v teplovyh processah, tak i v processe otdachi. Jeto mozhet oznachat', chto processy v ''gorjachih tochkah'', nahodjas' v zavisimosti ot vseh komponentov, mogut davat' himicheskie produkty, chuvstvitel'nye k harakteru misheni. Obobshhennaja kartina processov s jadrami otdachi v tverdyh soedinenijah, po-vidimomu, nuzhdaetsja v dopolnitel'nom rassmotrenii voprosa o materiale matric. (author)

  10. Fission-Product Separation as a Final Solution to the Problem of Storing Highly Radioactive Waste; La Separation des Produits de Fission Comme Solution Definitive du Stockage des Dechets Fortement Radioactifs; 0412 042b 0414 ; La Separacion de los Productos de Fision Como Solucion Definitiva del Problema del Almacenamiento de los Desechos de Elevada Radiactividad

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Raggenbass, A.; Lefevre, J. [Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires, Saclay (France)

    1963-02-15

    incorporacion de los desechos a masas vitreas. (author) [Russian] V 1955 godu na Zhenevskoj konferencii Gljukauf sformuliroval gipotezu o tom, chto okonchatel'noe reshenie problemy udalenija aktivnyh rastvorov, soderzhashhih produkty delenija, mohet byt' najdeno putem vydelenija cejeija-137 i stroncija-90 s kojefficientom ochistki porjadka menee 10{sup 4}, chto pozvolilo by posle vyderzhki 10-20 let svobodno udaljat' jeti othody posle sootvetstvujushhej pererabotki. Doklad presleduet cel' snova vernut'sja k jetomu voprosu v 1963 godu. Uspehi, dostignutye v metodah vydelenija cezija i stroncija, pozvoljaet poluchit' kojefficient ochistki porjadka 10{sup 4} v uslovijah promyshlennoj jekspluatacii ustanovki. Dlja cejeija-137 javljaetsja perspektivnym osazhdenie fosforvo.i'framatnoj kislotoj, obmen s ammonijnymi soljami geteropolikisloty, fiksacija fosfatom cirkonija, a dlja stroncija-90 - oksalatnoe osazhdenie, jekstrakcija di-2- jetilgeksilfosfornoj kislotoj, obmen s razlichnymi soljami, vkljuchaja sul'fat stroncija i dr. Jeti uspehi v oblasti himii vmeste s uspehami v oblasti promyshlennoj pererabotki jefljuentov sdelali vozmozhnym s tehnicheskoj tochki zrenija podtverdit' gipotezu Gljukaufa. Narjadu s jetim, razrabotka metodov ispol'zovanija bol'shih kolichestv produktov delenija, osobenno v sootvetstvii s programmami SNAP, chastichno opravdyvaet kapitalovlozhenija za schet prodazhi proizvodimoj produkcii. Ochevidno, chto ispol'zovanie ogneupornyh istochnikov, ustojchivyh k agressivnym vozdejstvijam vneshnej sredy, predstavljaet soboj primer, kotoryj naibolee otvechaet trebovanijam hranenija othodov, ves'ma opasnyh v techenie prodolzhitel'nogo perioda. My schitaem takzhe, chto s tehnicheskoj i psihologicheskoj tochek zrenija koncentrirovannye istochniki, pokrytye zashhitnoj obolochkoj, naibolee nadezhny kak sredstva hranenija radioaktivnyh othodov. Sravnenie jetogo metoda s metodom vvedenija radioaktivnosti v stekla zasluzhivaet bolee polnogo i glubokogo rassmotrenija. (author)

  11. Inelastic Neutron Scattering from Doped Germanium and Silicon; Diffusion Inelastique des Neutrons dans du Germanium et du Silicium Contenant une 'Impurete'; Neuprugoe rasseyanie nejtronov na germanii i kremnii s prisadkoj; Dispersion Inelastica de Neutrones en Germanio y Silicio Deliberadamente Impurificados

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dolling, G. [Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON (Canada)

    1965-04-15

    experimental. En los casos mas favorables, esta exactitud (relativa) alcanza al 0,5% del valor de la frecuencia, y llega hasta 2,0 Degree-Sign Inverted-Exclamation-Mark o tratandose de algunos modos opticos longitudinales en el silicio. (author) [Russian] Normal'nye formy kolebanija chistyh poluprovodnikov germanija i kremnija shiroko izuchalis' s pomoshh'ju kogerentnogo odnofononnogo rassejanija medlenny nejtronov na mono-kristallicheskih obrazcah. V dannom doklade opisyvajutsja analogichnye jeksperimenty, vypolnennye 1) s germaniem s bol'shoj prisadkoj ( Tilde-Operator 0,1%) a) mysh'jaka i '') galija, a takzhe 2) s kremniem s fosfornoj prisadkoj. V kazhdom sluchae kontrol'nye jeksperimenty provodilis' na kristallah vysokoj chistoty. Vse izmerenija vypolnjalis' na trehosnom kristallicheskom spektrometre v laboratorijah v Chok- River. Kak izvestno, postojannaja uprugosti C{sub 44} dlja germanija v znachitel'noj stepeni zavisit ot koncentracii prisadki, i pojetomu nekotorye poperechnye akusticheskie koljobanija (TA) s bol'shoj dlinoj volny izuchalis' s cel'ju vyjasnenija nalichija takih jeffektov v dispergirujushhej oblasti. Drugie TA kolebanija, chastoty kotoryh mozhno izmerjat' s vysokoj stepen'ju tochnosti, takzhe izuchalis' v oboih materialah s cel'ju vozmozhno bolee tochnoj proverki nebol'shih jeffektov, kotorye mozhno bylo by pripisat' nalichiju izbytka jelektronov ili dyrok. Osobenno tshhatel'no izuchalis' kolebanija so sledujushhimi volnovymi vektorami (aq/2{pi}, gde a -storona kubicheskoj jelementarnoj jachejki): 1) v germanii (1; 0; 0); 2) v kremnii (0.85; 0.85; 0) i (0.3; 0;0). Mozhno bylo by predpolozhit', chto takie normal'nye kolebanija projavjat neobychnye cherty v kristallah n-nogo tipa, poskol'ku dlja rassejanija jelektronov mezhdu sosednimi minimumami zon provodimosti potrebovalos' by vzaimodejstvie dlja sohranenija {sup i}mpul'sa kristalla{sup .} Rezul'taty vo vseh sluchajah byli otricatel'nymi, t.e. v predelah tochnosti jeksperimentov ne nabljudalos' nikakih

  12. Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Hot-Atom Reactions in Bromoethane; Effets de la Temperature et de la Pression sur les Reactions des Atomes Chauds dans le Bromoethane; Vliyanie temperatury i davleniya na reaktsii goryachikh atomov v bromehtane; Efectos de la Temperatura y de la Presion en las Reacciones de Atomos Calientes en el Bromoetano

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cole, A. J.; Mia, M. D.; Miller, G. E.; Shaw, P. F.D. [Nuclear Physics Laboratory, Oxford University, Oxford (United Kingdom)

    1965-04-15

    ,o kotoryh soobshhalos' ranee, byli najdeny nebol'shie kolichestva bromjetena, 1:2 dibromjetena, mono- i dibrompropanov i moho-, di-, tri- i tetra- brombutanov; est' takzhe kosvennoe dokazatel'stvo proizvodstva brombutenov. Diffuzionno-zavisimye reakcii javljajutsja kompleksnymi i mogut byt' ob{sup j}asneny, predpolozhiv, chto piroliz zhidkosti proishodit v okrestnosti gorjachego atoma s polucheniem brom- jetilovyh radikalov i jetilena. Dobavlenie radikalov k poslednemu otvechaet za obrazovanie bromidov, soderzhashhih bolee chem 2 atoma ugleroda i za ih diffuzionno-zavisimye vyhody. Ponizhenie temperatury ili uvelichenie davlenija obychno vyzyvaet uvelichenie vyhoda, svjazannogo s umen'shennoj skorost'ju diffuzii. Jeffekt osobenno znachitelen dlja vyhoda 1:2 dibromojetana, kotoryj proizvoditsja glavnym obrazom reakciej diffuzii bromjetilovyh radikalov i kotoryj uvelichivaetsja v chetyre raza pri primenenii 10{sup 4} atmosfer blagodarja podavleniju dissociacii CH{sub 2}-CH{sub 2}Br Rightwards-Arrow-Over-Leftwards-Arrow CH{sub 2} = CH{sub 2} + Br pod davleniem ''gorjachego pika''. Naprotiv, dissociacija radikala (CH{sub 3} - CHBr) na brom- jeten i atom vodoroda javljaetsja jenergeticheski zapreshhennoj, i vyhod 1:1 dibromjetana grubo nezavisim ot davlenija. Izmenenie vyhoda bromjetana v zavisimosti ot temperatury i davlenija pri bol'shih koncentracijah bromina blizko k tomu, chto predskazyvalos' ranee. (author)

  13. The Role of Exponential and PCTR Experiments at Hanford in the Design of Large Power Reactors; Roles Respectifs des Experiences Exponentielles et du Reacteur d'Etude des Constantes Physiques de Hanford dans les Etudes de Grands Reacteurs de Puissance; Znachenie ehksponentsial'nykh opytov i opytov na reaktore PCTR pri proektirovanii bol'shikh ehnergeticheskikh reaktorov v khehnforde; Papel de los Experimentos Exponenciales y del Reactor PCTR de Hanford en el Proyecto de Grandes Reactores de Potencia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Heineman, R. E. [General Electric Company, Richland, WA (United States)

    1964-02-15

    introduccion de cambios en el manejo de los reactores ya existentes, como instrumentos de investigacion en la esfera de la fisica de los reactores y como medio de ensenanza. Compara tambien los capitales invertidos en esas instalaciones y los gastos de explotacion. Describe el perfeccionamiento de nuevas tecnicas experimentales que estas instalaciones permiten aplicar con miras a satisfacer la demanda de nuevos datos experimentales. Es menester tener presentes todos estos datos para poder predecir la evolucion de las necesidades y las tendencias futuras en el empleo de estas instalaciones para los estudios de los reactores de potencia. La memoria describe sucintamente el reactor para el estudio de constantes fisicas e indica la manera en que se piensa utilizarlo en el marco de esa evolucion. (author) [Russian] V Hjen- fordskih laboratorijah v techenie pochti 15 let provodjatsja jeksponencial'nye reaktornye iz- merenija na grafito-uranovyh reshetkah. Hotja rezul'taty jetih opytov ispol'zovalis' dlja opredelenija laplasianov predlagaemyh proizvodjashhih reaktorov, oni takzhe sodejstvovali razvitiju ponimanija fiziki reaktorov jetih sistem. Davno priznano, chto poleznost' kri- ticheskogo opyta ogranichena vvidu ego bol'shogo masshtaba i nedostatochnoj chuvstvitel'nosti v otnoshenii nebol'shih lokalizovannyh narushenij sistemy. Zatem mysl' byla napravlena na sozdanie cel'nogo opytnogo reaktora, v kotorom bylo by svedeno do minimuma kolichest- vo materialov, neobhodimyh dlja poluchenija nuzhnyh dannyh. Jeta popytka privela k postrojke usovershenstvovannoj kriticheskoj ustanovki s neskol'kimi zonami reaktora dlja izmerenija fizicheskih konstant PCTR. Ustanovka ispol'zuetsja dlja okazanija sodejstvija pri razrabot- ke proekta po fizike reaktorov dlja neskol'kih jenergeticheskih reaktorov. Krome togo,re- aktor RSTNjavljaetsja ustanovkoj obshhego naznachenija dlja provedenija izmerenij poperechnyh sechenij na reaktore i dlja opredelenija differencial'nyh i integral'nyh fizicheskih para

  14. Quality Selection of Zircaloy-2 Canning Tubes by Ultrasonic Testing on Small Defects; Controle de la Qualite des Gaines en Zircaloy-2: Detection de Petits Defauts par les Ultrasons; Achestvennyjotb ortrub chatykh obolochek iz tsirkalloya-2 putem vyyavleniya nebol'shikh defektov s pomoshch'yu ul'trazvuka; Control de Calidad de los Revestimientos de Zircaloy-2 por Localizacion Ultrasonica de Pequenos Defectos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Van Der Linde, A. [Reactor Centrum Nederland, Petten (Netherlands); Deraad, J. A. [Roentgen Technische Dienst N.V., Rotterdam (Netherlands)

    1965-09-15

    , de los 93 tubos ensayados, 21 presentaban defectos transversales de 10 a 50 {mu}m de profundidad. Por consiguiente, puede afirmarse que el procedimiento indicado permite clasificar los tubos con arreglo a su calidad. (author) [Russian] Trubchatye obolochki iz cirkalloja-2 s vnutrennim diametrom 10,20 mm, tolshhinoj stenok 0,90 mm i dlinoj 1500 mm, prednaznachennye dlja proverki v kachestve pokrytija toplivnyh sterzhnej pri temperature 330 Degree-Sign S v reaktornoj petle s vodoj pod davleniem ispytyvalis' s pomoshh'ju ul'trazvuka s cel'ju obnaruzhenija defektov. Ispytyvaemye trubchatye obolochki byli postavleny izgotoviteljami v SShA, soedinennom Korolevstve i v Skandinavii. Nashe trebovanie, chtoby vse postavlennye trubki byli svobodny ot treshhin i drugih defektov razmerom svyshe 500 - 1000 mikron po dline i svyshe 25 - 50 mikron po glubine, ne bylo prinjato polnost'ju izgotoviteljami. Oni mogli garantirovat' tol'ko otsutstvie treshhin velichinoj svyshe 1000 mikron po dline i svyshe 50 mikron po glubine. V svjazi s tem, chto iz 93 ispytannyh trub tol'ko u dvuh byli obnaruzheny treshhiny velichinoj svyshe 50 mikron po glubine, reshili provodit' bolee stroguju proverku, v rezul'tate kotoroj mozhno bylo by obnaruzhivat' defekty velichinoj porjadka 10 - 50 mikron po glubine. Dlja obnaruzhenija i registracii takih nebol'shih defektov primenjalos' poluavtomaticheskoe ul'trazvukovoe impul'snoe oborudovanie, dejstvujushhee kak v prodol'nom, tak i v poperechnom napravlenijah, v kombinacii s sistemami propuskanija i mnogokanal'nym registratorom. Sistema razvertki byla otregulirovana takim obrazom, chto vnutrennie i naruzhnye defekty odnogo i togo zhe porjadka i razmera ukazyvalis' s odinakovymi amplitudami. Kalibrovanie oborudovanija proizvodili na iskusstvennyh defektah. Defekty, obrazovavshiesja v prodol'nom napravlenii, obnaruzhivalis' s pomoshh'ju razdel'noj sistemy datchik-priemnik s primeneniem fokusirovannogo puchka. Defekty, obrazovavshiesja v poperechnom napravlenii

  15. First Results of a Systematic Study of Internal Contamination Due to Fall-Out; Premiers Resultats d'une Etude Systematique des Contaminations Internes Consecutives aux Retombees Radioactives; 041f 0415 0420 0414 ; Resultados Iniciales de un Estudio Sistematico de las Contaminaciones Internas Debidas a la Precipitacion Radiactiva

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pellerin, P.; Moroni, J. P.; Remy, M. L. [Travail du Service Central de Protection Contre les Rayonnements Ionisants, Ministere de la Sante Publique, Paris (France)

    1964-11-15

    'taty, kazhetsja, podtverzhdajut ustanovlennye drugimi avtorami sootnoshenija dlja bolee ser'eznyh zarazhenij. 3. Chto kasaetsja produktov delenija so srednim periodom poluraspada, v chastnosti cirkonija-95 i niobija-95 (i inogda rutenija-103), to ih prisutstvie mozhet' obnaruzheno v opredelennye periody. 4. Znanie obshhego soderzhanija stroncija-90 v organizme cheloveka bylo by ochen' poleznym, odnako pri nebol'shih aktivnostjah prjamo opredelit' jetot izotop s pomoshh'ju schetchika dlja izmerenija aktivnosti vsego organizma nevozmozhno. Pojetomu avtory stremilis' opredelit' velichinu zarazhenija dvumja razlichnymi putjami. Predvaritel'naja ocenka byla sdelana putem izuchenija cezija-137, poskol'ku prrcentnoe soderzhanie stroncija-90 i cezija-137 v radioaktivnyh vypadenijah nahoditsja primerno na odnom i tom zhe urovne. Zatem byli zamereny vydelenija stroncija-90 s mochoj u nekotoryh obsledovannyh, s cel'ju vyvesti otsjuda obshhee sozherzhanie ili po krajnej mere ustanovit' vysshej predel dlja jetogo izotopa. (author)

  16. Some Recent Applications of Short Half-Life Radioisotopes in Australia; Quelques Applications Recentes des Radioisotopes a Courte Periode En Australie; НОВЕЙШИЕ СПОСОБЫ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ В АВСТРАЛИИ КОРОТКОЯИВУЩИХ РАДИОИЗОТОПОВ; Algunas Recientes Aplicaciones de los Radioisotopos de Periodo Corto en Australia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Watt, J. S. [Australian Atomic Energy Commission Research Establishment, Lucas Heights, NSW (Australia)

    1963-03-15

    radiactivo para volver a utilizarlo. Por ultimo, se describen brevemente experimentos en los que se utilizo oro-198 como indicador para sedimentos, efluentes y movimiento de aguas. (author) [Russian] V stat'e opisi- vaetsja primenenie korotkozhivushhih radioizotopov v nekotoryh oblastjah issledovanij, provedennyh nedavno Otdelom izotopov Komissii po atomnoj jenergii Avstralii. Razrabatyvaetsja radioijeotopnyj metod dlja nabljudenija za dvizheniem vozduha v oblakah, osobenno dlja ispol'zovanija v opytah' svjazannyh s rassejaniem oblakov. V serii iz desjati opytov byli vypushheny iz samoleta razlichnye kolichestva radioizotopa med'-64 (do 2 kjuri) v vide mel'chajshih chastic SiO i s pomoshh'ju bol'shogo kristallicheskogo scintillometra proslezheny u-luchi, ispuskaemye chasticami SiO, raspredeljavshimisja okolo samoleta. Novoj osobennost'ju jetogo metoda javljaetsja to, chto izmerjalsja ne tol'ko uroven' radioaktivnosti okolo samoletov, no i napravlennoe raspolozhenie iotochnika radiacii. Jeto delaet vozmozhnym navigaciju samoleta v napravlenii centra radioaktivnosti. Razrabatyvaetsja metod osushhestvlenija ventiljacii v bol'shih masshtabah i izuchenija zagrjaznennosti vozduha. Nebol'shie kolichestva medi-64 v vide poroshka SiO ili medi, adsorbirovannoj na chasticah, budut vypushheny i sobrany na fil'troval'noj bumage s ispol'zovaniem bystrodejstvujushhego probootbornika doja vozduha. Opyty pokazyvajut, chto prevoshodnym sposobom obnaruzhenija estestvennoj radioaktivnosti v vozduhe javljaetsja ispol'zovanie metodov {gamma}-{gamma} sovpadenij dlja obnaruzhenija annigiljacii oozitronnoj pary medi-64. Uroven' minimal'nogo obnaruzhenija sostavljaet okolo 1 * 10{sup -18} hv kjuri medi-64 v 1 sm3 vozduha. Opisyvaetsja metod obnaruzhenija utechek v sistemah raspredelenija gaza v gorodah. Dlja kontrolja utechek v otdel'nyh sluzhbah mezhdu gazovoj magistral'ju i izmeritel'nym priborom ispol'zuetsja okolo 500 millikjuri bromistogo metila, mechennogo bromom-82; osobennost' jetogo metoda

  17. Investigation of the Dynamics Of NH{sup +}{sub 4} and H{sub 2}O Molecular Groups in Crystals; Etude de la Dynamique des Groupes Moleculaires NH{sup +}{sub 4} et H{sub 2}O dans les Cristaux; 0418 0421 0421 041b 0415 0414 041e 0412 0410 041d 0418 0415 0414 0418 041d 0410 041c 0418 041a 0418 041c 041e 041b 0415 041a 0423 041b 042f 0420 041d 042b 0425 0413 0420 0423 041f 041f NH{sup +}{sub 4} H H{sub 2}O 0412 041a 0420 0418 0421 0422 0410 041b 041b 0410 0425 ; Estudio de la Dinamica de los Grupos Moleculares NH{sup +}{sub 4} Y H{sub 2}O en Cristales

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bajorek, A.; Machehina, T. A.; Parlin' Ski, K. [Ob' edinennyj Institut Jadernyh Issledovanij, Dubna, SSSR (Russian Federation)

    1965-06-15

    fazovymi perehodami. Nesmotrja na razlichie struktur issleduemyh veshhestv, poluchaemye spektry pri temperature zhidkogo azota okazyvajutsja pohozhimi drug na druga: kak pravilo, nabljudajutsja dva pika - pervyj v oblasti peredach jenergii 15 - 20 mjev, drugoj v oblasti 35 - 70 mjev, svjazannyj s torsionnymi kolebanijami ammonievyh ionov. Intensivnost' pikov zavisit ot struktury issleduemyh veshhestv i umen'shaetsja s uvelicheniem temperatury obrazca. Obnaruzheno, chto intensivnost' uprugoj chasti spektra pri nekotoryh fazovyh perehodah sovershaet skachok (v sluchajah NH{sub 4}I, NH{sub 4}NO{sub 3} i (NH{sub 4}){sub 2}SO{sub 4}). S uvelicheniem temperatury v NH{sub 4}Cl, NH{sub 4}Br, (NH{sub 4}){sub 2}(COO){sub 2} voznikaet dopolnitel'nyj pik, sdvinutyj v storonu men'shih jenergij ot pika zatormozhennogo vrashhenija. Spektry nejtronov, rassejannyh na kristallah, soderzhashhih kristallizacionnuju vodu, takzhe shozhi mezhdu soboj. V spektrah nabljudajutsja tri gruppy pikov, svjazannyh s opticheskimi kolebanijami i zatormozhennym vrashheniem molekul vody. (author)

  18. Ultrasonic Water-Gap Measurements in MTR Fuel Elements; Mesure par Ultrasons des Espaces Intercalaires dans les Elements Combustibles des Reacteurs d'Essai de Materiaux; Izmereniya vodyanogo zazora v teplovydelyayushchikh ehlementakh dlya materialovedcheskogo reaktora s pomoshch'yu ul'trazvuka; Medicion Ultrasonica de la Capa de Agua en Elementos Combustibles para Reactores de Ensayo de Materiales

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Deknock, R. [Metallurgy Department, S.C.K./C.E.N., Mol (Belgium)

    1965-10-15

    en un convertidor tiempo-tension con circuitos logicos transistorizados. El instrumento permite un ajuste continuo del cero para cualquier espesor-arbitrario de la capa de agua entre 2 y 4 mm, con lo cual posibilita un registro con el cero en el centro de la escala. Ademas, cualquier intervalo deseado de 100 {mu}m puede dar una tension estable de 1 V a la salida para accionar un registrador. Se puede medir facilmente cualquier variacion en el espesor del agua con una precision de 5 {mu}m. Se han medido con este metodo varios elementos combustibles, y los resultados y la reproducibilidad fueron muy satisfactorios. (author) [Russian] Sil'nye potoki teplo- vyh nejtronov, kotorye obychno voznikajut v novejshih reaktorah dlja ispytanija materialov, javljajutsja podhodjashhim s r e d s t v om ravnomernoj teploperedachi i nadezhnogo otvoda tepla, s pomoshh'ju kotorogo mozhno izbezhat' obrazovanija para v bol'shih ob{sup e}mah. Krome togo, v celjah kontrolja nad obshhim raspuhaniem i povedeniem reaktornogo topli- va izmerjajut vodjanoj zazor pri jeksperimentah posle obluchenija s otrabotannymi teplovy- deljajushhimi jelementami. S jetoj cel'ju byl razrabotan zond dlja izmerenija 3 - m m vodjanogo zazora teplovydeljaju- shhego jelementa ispytatel'nogo reaktora BR-2 dlinoj bolee 1 m , v osnovu kotorogo polozhen princip ul'trazvuka. Pri jeksperimentah posle obluchenija izmeritel'nyj zond dolzhen dej- stvovat' v teplovydeljajushhem jelemente, pogruzhennom v bassejn na glubinu ne menee 6 m . Zond mozhet vyderzhat' pogruzhenie v vodu prodolzhitel'nyj period vremeni, i on ne podver- gaetsja vozdejstviju obychnyh doz gamma-obluchenija. Hotja sistema dejstvuet na osnove obychnogo metoda otrazhenija impul'sov, ona pozvo- ljaet razdeljat' ispuskaemye i otrazhennye impul'sy s pomoshh'ju 10 Mgc ferrojelektriches- kogo kristalla, kotoromu svojstvenno bol'shoe rassejanie jenergii. Mozhno ispol'zovat' zapis' pokazanij oscilloskopa, v kotorom vremja registriruetsja na gorizontal'noj osi

  19. Measurements and Calculations of the Slowing-Down and Migration Time; Mesures et Calcul du Temps de Ralentissement et de Migration; Izmereniya i raschety vremeni zamedleniya i migratsii; Medicion y Calculo del Tiempo de Moderacion y de Migracion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Profio, A. E.; Koppel, J. U. [General Atomic Division of General Dynamics Corporation, John Jay Hopkins Laboratory for Pure and Applied Science, San Diego, CA (United States); Adamantiades, A. [Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA (United States)

    1965-08-15

    impulsos para observar la atenuacion neutronica de caracter termico) y a las escasas probabilidades de captura. (author) [Russian] Srednee vremja i izmenenie vo vremeni zhizni nejtronov, poluchaemyh ot impul'snogo istochnika, s cel'ju ih zamedlenija i migracii do velichiny energii, ugla i polozhenija, udobnogo dlja nabljudenija, javljajutsja sushhestvennymi kolichestvennymi velichinami vo mnogih jeksperimentah. Srednee vremja javljaetsja popravkoj v izmerenijah nejtronnyh spektrov po metodu vremeni proleta v bol'shih ob{sup e}mah materialov, a izmenenie ogranichivaet maksimal'nuju razreshajushhuju spo- sobnost' takih jeksperimentov. Jeti parametry odinakovo vazhny v detektorah, zavisjashhih ot zamedlenija, v jeksperimentah po vremeni proleta, gde nejtrony s maloj energiej postu- pajut iz zamedlitelja, nahodjashhegosja vblizi pul'sirujushhego istochnika, a takzhe spektrometrii vremeni zamedlenija. Razrabotany razlichnye analiticheskie i cifrovye sposoby dlja vychislenija zavisimosti prostranstvennogo-energeticheskogo-uglovogo i vremennogo raspredelenija ili integralov po nim. Pokazano, chto momenty vremeni Empty-Set {sup (n)} (r, {Omega}, v, t) = {integral}{sub 0}{sup {infinity}}t{sup n} Empty-Set (r, {Omega}, v, t)dt, mozhno vyschitat' putem povtornogo primenenija programmy rascheta dlja stacionarnogo so- stojanija perenosa. Uslovie istochnika dlja vychislenija momenta ''p'' ravno nv{sup -1} Empty-Set {sup (n-1)}. Pri- vodjatsja rezul'taty dlja razmnozhajushhih i nerazmnozhajushih modelej reaktora {sup T}riga{sup .} Dru- gim metodom energeticheskogo rascheta javljaetsja metod vremennoj zavisimosti Monte Karlo. Dajutsja takzhe rezul'taty vychislenija potoka utechki iz tonkoj svincovoj plastiny. Izmerenija provodili na zamedlenii po vremeni po otnosheniju kadmievoj grani i re- zonansa v 1,46 jev indija v vode i toluole. Zahvatnoe gamma-izluchenie detektiruetsja s po- moshh'ju scintilljacionnogo schetchika. Jetot metod trebuet iskljuchitel'no intensivnogo is- tochnika i

  20. Analysis of Scan Records with a Recording Densitometer - The ''Re-Scanner''; Etude d'un Grand Collimateur a Focalisation et Fort Pouvoir de Resolution: Resultats; Analiz skenogramm s pomoshch'yu registriruyushchego densitometra - ''re-skenner''; Diseno y Funcionamiento de un Gran Colimador Enfocado de Alto Poder de Resolucion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Harris, C. C.; Bell, P. R.; Satterfield, M. M.; Ross, D. A.; Jordan, J. C. [Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN (United States)

    1964-10-15

    kontrastnosti. Porogovyj kontrol' d a et ljuboj ''sokrashhennyj uroven'' vybora. Rabota provoditsja bystro, i diagramma mozhet byt' reskennirovana v techenie nebol'shogo promezhutka vremeni, neobhodim ogo dlja poluchenija pervonachal'nogo izobrazhenija. Issledovanija v oblasti klinicheskogo skennirovanija pochti ljubogo organa ili rajona., predstavljajushhego interes, pokazyvajut, chto rerazvertyvatel' daet informaciju, ne vidimuju snachala na di agram mah pri pervonachal'nom skennirovanii. Jeto bylo osobenno poleznym pri opredelenii st atisticheskogo znachenija nebol'shih izmenenij v kojefficiente scheta pri skennirujushhem izobrazhenii. . Pri diagrammah, poluchennyh metodom skennirovanija, bol'shogo dinamicheskogo diapazo n a , gle nikakoj otdel'nyj sokrashhennyj urov en' udovletv orit el'no ne pokazy vaet vse rajony, predstavljajushhie interes, vnov' byli neobhodimy rerazvertyvateli na nekotoryh sokrashhennyh urovnjah. V popytke preodolet' je t u trudnost' ispol'zovalsja dvuhdiapazonnyj chuvstvitel'nyj jel em en t , kotoryj ohvatyvaet rajon registracii vokrug o bl a sti nabljudenija glavnogo chuvstvitel'nogo jel em en t a . Po krajnej m er e , vozmozhny tri vida jek s pluatacii pribora s dvuhdiapazonnym chuvstvitel'nym jelemen tom: 1) ''normal'naja'' je k s pluatacija; 2) ignorirovanie obshhej plotnosti izobrazhenija i reakcija tol'ko na nebol'shie izmenenija, ustanavlivaja takim obrazom svoj sobstvennyj sokrashhennyj uroven'; 3) soobshhenie tol'ko o vnezapnyh izmenenijah v plotnosti registracii. Po-vidimomu, vozmozhny takzhe drugie vidy. Jeto sravnitel'no prostoj i nedorogostojashhij pribor obespechivaet okazanie cennoj pomoshhi v interpretacii diagramm, proizvedennyh metodom skennirovanija. (author)

  1. New Methods and Facilities for the Measurement of Physical Properties of Reactor Components and Irradiated Materials; Nouveaux Procedes et Instruments de Mesure des Proprietes Physiques des Elements de Reacteur et des Matieres Irradiees; Novye metody i sredstva izmereniya fizicheskikh s vojstv komponentov reaktora i obluchennykh materialov; Nuevos Metodos y Equipos para Medir Propiedades Fisicas de Componentes de Reactor y de Materiales Irradiados

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Foerster, F.; Mueller, P. [Institut Dr. Foerster, Reutlingen, Federal Republic of Germany (Germany)

    1965-09-15

    kolebanija ili putem izmerenija polushiriny rezonansnoj krivoj. Privodjatsja primery izmerenij vosstanovlenija posle radiacionnogo.povrezhdenija i posle plasticheskoj deformacii, a takzhe primery stepeni gra- fitizacii. Opisyvajutsja obnaruzhenie defektov i kolebanija plotnosti grafitovyh blokov. Krome togo ob{sup j}asnjaetsja metod issledovanija zakreplenija tabletok iz UO{sub 2} v tonkostennyh austenitnyh trubkah. Opisyvaetsja special'naja pech' dlja izuchenija uprugogo i neuprugogo povedenija ''gorjachih'' obrazcov pri temperaturah ot 20 do 1000 Degree-Sign C. Obsuzhdaetsja kontrol' kachestva cvetnyh metallov putem izmerenija jelektroprovodnosti s pomoshh'ju vihrevyh tokov. Opisyvaetsja pribor dlja beskontaktnogo izmerenija jelektroprovodnosti cvetnyh metallov. Ob'jasnjaetsja sootnoshenie mezhdu jelektroprovodnost'ju i deformaciej pod naprjazheniem cvetnyh metallov i splavov. Osoboe vnimanie obrashhaetsja na izmerenie nebol'shih po razmeru obrazcov. Opisyvaetsja ustrojstvo dlja distancionnyh prjamyh izmerenij v ''gorjachej'' zone reaktora. Rassmatrivaetsja zavisimost' jelektroprovodnosti ot doz obluchenija. Opisyvaetsja pribor dlja izmerenija pronicaemosti, ostatochnoj magnitnoj indukcii i kojercitivnoj sily kak funkcii mehanicheskogo naprjazhenija, uprugoj i plasticheskoj deformacii i doz obluchenija. Opisyvajutsja izmerenija izmenenij magnitnyh svojstv kak funkcii uprugogo naprjazhenija i plasticheskoj deformacii. Rassmatrivaetsja vlijanie obluchenija na pronicaemost' i kojercitivnuju silu. Opisyvaetsja pribor dlja bystrogo izmerenija i neposredstvennogo opredelenija pronicaemosti komponentov iz nerzhavejushhej stali. Ob'jasnjaetsja sootnoshenie mezhdu pronicaemost'ju i soderzhaniem D ferrita. Rassmatrivajutsja rezul'taty izmerenij procentnogo soderzhanija D ferrita v svarnyh shvah trubok iz nerzhavejushhej stali i izmerenij osazhdenija D ferrita kak funkcii plasticheskoj deformacii (svobodnaja kovka toplivnyh jelementov reaktora). (author)

  2. The Problems of Controlling Defects in the Materials Used for the First Czechoslovak Nuclear-Power Station; Problemes de Controle des Defauts dans les Materiaux Utilises a la Premiere Centrale Nucleaire de Tchecoslovaquie; Problemy defektoskopicheskogo kontrolya stroitel'nykh materialov reaktora pervoj chekhoslovatskoj atomnoj ehlektrostantsii; Problemas de Control de Defectos en los Materiales Utilizados en la Primera Central Nuclear de Checoslovaquia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Radislav, Filipp [Zavody Im.V.I. Lenina, Pl' zen, Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic)

    1965-09-15

    soedinenij. Kontrol' cel'nosti ploskih pakovok i prokata poizvodits ja avtomaticheskoj defekto- skopicheskoj ustanovkoj, razrabotannoj v ChSSR. Ustanovka sostoit iz podvizhnogo meha- nizma i ul'trazvukovogo defektoskopa UID-A2, razrabotannogo v ChSSR. Ustanovka otli- chaetsja rjadom novyh jelementov. Vlijanie rasstojanija na vysotu vspleska signala defekta kompensirovano, i vysota ostaetsja postojannoj. Takzhe kompensirovano vlijanie neravno- mernosti akusticheskoj svjazi, prichem datchik dzet impul'sy na distancionnoe registriruju- shhee ustrojstvo. Razmer defekta ocenivaetsja pri pomoshhi atenuatora. V nastojashhee vremja razrabatyvaetsja avtomaticheskoe ustrojstvo , pozvoljajushhee kontrolirovat' vertikal'nye cilindricheskie poverhnosti. Montazhnye svarnye shvy po okruzhnosti nuzhno kontrolirovat' pri povyshennoj tempera- ture. Nazavodah im. V.I. Lenina v g . Pl'zen' dlja jetih celej byl razrabotan special'nyj datchik, pozvoljajushhij osushhestvljat' kontrol' s bol'shoj tochnost'ju pri povyshennoj tempera- ture . Nedestruktivnyj kontrol' svarnyh konstrukcij provoditsja takzhe prosvechivaniem.Ne- bol'shie tolshhiny i korni prodol'nogo svarnogo shva pri povyshennoj temperature kontroliru- jutsja rentgenom s krugovoj harakteristikoj izluchenija pri ispol'zovanii osobyh kasset. Pri prosvechivanii bol'shih tolshhin svarnyh soedinenij ispol'zujutsja betatrony chehoslovackogo proizvodstva. Daetsja opisanie metodiki ispytanij i poluchennyh rezul'tatov. Betatron chehoslovackogo proizvodstva 15 Mjev sravnivaetsja s betatronom firmy Simens. (author)

  3. Human Internal Contamination with Strontium-90 Titanate; Contamination Interne du Corps Humain par le Titanate de Strontium 90; 0412 041d 0414 ; Contaminacion Interna del Cuerpo Humano con Titanato de Estroncio-90

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bradley, F. J.; Wald, N.; Wechsler, R. L. [Graduate School of Public Health and School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (United States)

    1964-11-15

    . El segundo metodo, basado en la recoleccion de toda'la orina y hecesarrojo un total de 5,0 {mu}c en los 20 primeros dias. Al combinar esta cantidad con una estimacion de la que qufedaba retenida en el cuerpo, se obtuvo una carga inicial de-5.2 Me. La'tercera tecnica, esto es, la determinacion de radiactividad en la sangre, indico una carga inicial de 6 {mu}c. La relacion de contenidos en heces y orina fue, durante los primeros 20 d, de 15 a 1, realizandose la excrecion del 94% de la totalidad del estroncio-90 por el tracto gastrointestinal. Es de destacar, sin embargo, que una buena parte era soluble. Al vigesimo dia del accidente, se calculo que la cantidad presente en el cuerpo era solamente un 5% del total inicial. Se describen los metodos empleados durante aquel periodo para estimular la excrecion fecal por medio de MgSO y-la urinaria por una combinacion de gluconato de calcio y NH Cl. Asimismo, se presentan esquemas de excrecion y evaluaciones actuales de la cantidad retenida por el cuerpo. (author) [Russian] Stroncij-90 ispol'zovalsja nedavno v bol'shih kolichestvah (neskol'ko kilokjuri) kak istochnik tepla dlja termojelektricheskih generatorov. Dlja jetoj celi posle tshhatel'nogo otbora byl vzjat titanat, kak himicheskaja forma, nailuchshim obrazom otvechajushhaja vsem trebovanijam, vkljuchaja inertnost'-k vlijaniju k rrozii v, sluchae, avarijnogo vysvobozhdenija v okruzhajushhuju sredu. Posle promyshlennogo avarijnogo obluchenija odnogo rabochego 26 ijunja 1963 goda poroshkom titanata stroncija-90,pervonachal'no v forme chastic okolo 120 mikron i-mel'che, sdelana popytka ocenit' soderzhanie vo vsem organizme, jetogo, kak-predpolagaetsja, v vysshej stepeni nerastvorimogo soedinenija. Uchityvaja fizicheskoe i biologicheskoe povedenie chastic,predpolozhili, chto fakticheskij razmer chasticy, kotoraja dispersirovalas, pogloshhalas' i/ili vdyhalas' obluchennym pacientom, sostavljal 1-30 mikron. Dlja ocenki soderzhanija radioaktivnosti v organizme ispol

  4. 2nd International Open and Distance Learning (IODL Symposium

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Reviewed by Murat BARKAN

    2006-10-01

    directed interactive exercises using flashmx in his workshop. Jack Koumi from UK, presented a workshop about what to teach on video and when to choose other media. He exemplified 27 added value techniques and teaching functions for TV and video. He later specified different capabilities and limitations of eight different media used in teaching, emphasizing the importance of optimizing media deployment. Dr. Janet Bohren from University of Cincinnati and Jennifer McVay-Dyche from United Theological Seminary, explained their experience with a course management system used to develop dialogue between K-12 teachers in Turkey and the US, on the topics of religion, culture and schools. Their workshop provided an overview of a pilot study. They showed us a good case-study of utilizing “Blackboard” as a mean for getting rid of biases and improving the understanding of the American and Turkish teachers against each other. We had very remarkable key notes as well. Dr Nikitas Kastis representing European Distance and E-Learning Network (EDEN made his speech on distance and e-Learning evolutions and trends in Europe. He informed the audience about the application and assessment criteria at European scale, concerning e-Learning in the education and training systems. Meanwhile, our key note speakers took our attention to different applications of virtual learning. Dr. Piet Kommers from University of Twente exemplified a virtual training environment for acquiring surgical skills. Dr. Timothy Shih from Tamkang University presented their project called Hard SCORM (Sharable Content Object Reference Model as an asynchronous distance learning specification. In his speech titled “Engaging and Supporting Problem Solving Online” Prof. David Jonassen from University of Missouri, reflected his vision of the future of education and explained why it should embrace problem solving. Then he showed us examples of incorporating this vision with learning environments for making online problem

  5. Differential Neutron Scattering from Hydrogenous Moderators; Diffusion Differentielle des Neutrons par des Ralentisseurs Hydrogenes; Differentsial'noe rasseyanie nejtronov iz vodorodosoderzhashchikh zamedlitelej; Dispersion Diferencial de Neutrones en Moderadores Hidrogenados

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Beyster, J. R.; Young, J. C.; Neill, J. M.; Mowry, W. R. [General Atomic Division of General Dynamics Corporation, John Jay Hopkins Laboratory for Pure and Applied Science, San Diego, CA (United States)

    1965-08-15

    nejtronov po napravleniju k neskol'kim polnost'ju pogloshhajushhim nejtrony detektoram. Metod pozvoljaet izmerjat' odnovremenno uglovoe raspredelenie bolee chem dlja 50 energij bombardirujushhih nejtronov. Intensivnosti vysoki, fonovye shumy maly i horosho opredeleny, tak chto izmerenija mogut proizvodit'sja bystro pri vseh uglah rassejanija ot 10 do 155m. Soobshhajutsja rezul'taty izmerenij sechenij differencial'nogo rassejanija dlja vanadija, N{sub 2}O, D{sub 2}O i ZrH. Vanadij izuchen dlja proverki jeksperimental'nogo oborudovanija. Izmerenija s N{sub 2}O dlja obrazcov raznoj tolshhiny v razlichnyh napravlenijah provedeny dlja sopostavlenija s raschetami, osnovannymi na razlichnyh modeljah rassejanija so svjazannym vodorodom, i dlja sravnenija s rabotami Shpringera i Rejnsha. Vo vse jeksperimental'nye izmerenija byli vneseny popravki na nabljudaemoe v obrazcah sil'noe vozdejstvie mnogokratnogo rassejanija. V nastojashhee vremja predskazyvaemoe model'ju rassejanija Nelkina sil'noe izmenenie pri energii nejtronov priblizitel'no v 0,06 jev jeksperimental'no ne nabljudaetsja iz-za togo, chto predpolozhitel'nyj edinyj rotator s tormozheniem pri moshhnosti v 0,06 jev ne predstavljaetsja fizicheski real'nym. Krome togo, jeta prostaja model' ne predugadyvaet pravil'no rassejanie pri bol'shih uglah. Jeksperimental'nye dannye sluzhat dlja celogo rjada poleznyh nadobnostej. Prezhde vsego uglovoe raspredelenie chrezvychajno chuvstvitel'no po otnosheniju k fizicheskim svojstvam modeli rassejanija i pojetomu sluzhit dlja proverki udovletvoritel'nosti jetoj modeli. Vo-vtoryh, jeksperimental'nye rezul'taty chuvstvitel'ny k bolee vysokim porjadkam rassejanija P{sub n} v protivopolozhnost' mnogochislennym integral'nym jeksperimentam, kotorye chuvstvitel'ny glavnym obrazom k rassejaniju P{sub 0}. V chastnosti predstavljaetsja vozmozhnym proverjat' jadro rassejanija P{sub 1} tak, chtoby ono podhodilo dlja dannoj molekuljarnoj modeli. V- tret'ih, na osnovanii jeksperimentov predstavljaetsja

  6. Aspects of Reactor Physics Research at the Victoria University of Manchester; Quelques Aspects des Experiences de Physique des Reacteurs a l'Universite Victoria de Manchester; Aspekty ehksperimental'nykh issledovanij po fizike reaktorov v universitete viktorii v manchestere; Trabajos de Fisica Experimental con Reactores Efectuados en la Universidad Victoria de Manchester

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Harris, M. J.; Walton, D. G. [Victoria University of Manchester (United Kingdom)

    1964-02-15

    ] Otdel jadernoj tehniki v Manchesterskom universitete sozdan v 1959 godu. Postepenno rasshirjajutsja issledovanija v aspiranture po fizike reaktorov. Osnovnoe vnimanie v jeksperimental'nyh issledovanijah so dnja sozdanija Otdela koncentriruetsja na sistemah na obychnoj vode i uskoritele, privodjashhem v dejstvie jeksponencial'nuju ustanovku prirodnyj uran -obychnaja voda. Daetsja obzor prodelannoj raboty, obsuzhdajutsja poluchennye rezul'taty, dajutsja nametki raboty v budushhem, opisyvajutsja razlichnye jeksperimental'nye metody, dajushhie jekonomiju v zatratah truda. Diffuzija nejtronov v obychnoj vode izuchalas' s pomoshh'ju impul'snyh i stacionarnyh istochnikov. Vo vremja provedenija pervyh iz upomjanutyh issledovanij osobyj upor delalsja na polnyj garmonicheskij analiz v takoj stepeni, chto fakticheski izuchalis' bolee vysokie formy v protivopolozhnost' samoj rannej rabote, kotoraja napravljalas' na ih ustranenie. Vtorye iz upomjanutyh issledovanij koncentrirujutsja na ustranenii vsjakogo vozdejstvija vvidu primenenija istochnika i detektora konechnyh razmerov, nalichija rezonansnoj aktivacii, vozmushhenija potoka i t.d. Obsuzhdajutsja i sravnivajutsja rezul'taty oboih issledovanij. Daetsja opisanie ochen' tshhatel'nyh izmerenij poperechnyh sechenij pogloshhenija impul'snym metodom s uchetom ustranenija garmonicheskih i drugih vozdejstvij, po-vidimomu, privodjashhih k vozniknoveniju oshibok: Spektry teplovyh nejtronov v ''otravlennoj'' obychnoj vode izmerjajutsja kak sredstvo dlja issledovanija i razvitija metoda integral'nogo detektora. Pri obsuzhdenii budut vkljucheny nekotorye interesnye momenty, svjazannye s jekonomiej vremeni i sredstv. Izucheny metody aktivacii bol'shih fol'g i metody scheta dlja izmerenija usrednennyh v prostranstve plotnostej nejtronov i takim obrazom rjada parametrov reaktora. Voznikli nekotorye interesnye momenty, v chastnosti v svjazi so spektral'nymi izmerenijami. Dannyj metod daet vozmozhnost' provodit' mnogie issledovanija v oblasti

  7. Quantitative Evaluation of Dose-Response Relationships in Human Beings with Skeletal Burdens of Radium-226 and Radium-228; Evaluation Quantitative de la Relation entre Dose et Reponse chez des Sujets Ayant une Charge Squelettique de Radium 226 et Radium 228; 041a 041e 041b 0414 ; Evaluacion Cuantitativa de las Relaciones Dosis-Respuesta en Seres Humanos con Cargas de Radio-226 y Radio-228 en el Esqueleto

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Maletskos, C. J.; Braun, A. G.; Shanahan, M. M.; Evans, R. D. [Radioactivity Center, Department of Physics. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA (United States)

    1964-11-15

    izucheny na osnove dannyh klinicheskih obsledovanij, takih kak: rentgenoskopija, obsledovanie opuholej, perelomov, analizy mochi, gematologicheskie izmenenija, himicheskij analiz krovi i jelektroforez belkov. Doza vnutrennego obluchenija podschityvaetsja i vyrazhaetsja v sledujushhih edinicah; mikrokjuri jekvivalenta minimal'no chistogo radija-226 (MPRE) dlja podscheta sodeozhanija radioaktivnosti, zaderzhannoj v organizme, kumuljativnye rady i kumuljativnye rady-gody. Na pervom jetape analiza opredeljajut, sushhestvuet li svjaz' mezhdu kakim-libo klinicheskim parametrom i dozoj radiacii. Jeto opredelenie provoditsja pri pomoshhi sluchajnogo analiza, na osnovanii kotorogo fakticheskie dannye sravnivajutsja s zaranee sostavlennoj model'ju nezavisimosti mezhdu jetimi dvumja peremennymi. Esli nezavisimost' ne obnaruzhivaetsja, to dopuskaetsja sushhestvovanie nekotoroj svjazi i poluchajut kolichestvennuju harakteristiku jetoj zavisimosti. Dlja vyvedenija kojefficientov i standartnyh otklonenij ot jetih kojefficientov stepennogo rjada primenjaetsja metod krivoj naimen'shih kvadratov. Podobnoe vyrazhenie daet impericheskuju kolichestvennuju harakteristiku rezul'tatov narjadu so stepen'ju ih izmenchivosti, ono prigodno dlja provedenija bespristrastnogo sravnenija s rezul'tatami drugih laboratorij, no ne oznachaet nikakogo biofizicheskogo mehanizma. S cel'ju orpedelenija zavisimosti dozy ot obluchenija klinicheskie dannye, poluchennye u jetih pacientov,sravnivajutsja s dannymi, poluchennymi u zdorovyh ljudej s normal'nym soderzhaniem radija. Predvaritel'nye rezul'taty pokazyvajut, chto opredelenie dozy rentgenovskogo izluchenija demonstriruet jasno vyrazhennoe sootnoshenie s dozoj vnutrennego obluchenija . Polucheny opredelennye dannye o porazhenii drugih uchastkov, krome kostnoj tkani, pri vysokom soderzhanii izotopov v organizme, osobenno dannye o chisle limfocitov i skorosti osedanija jeritrocitov, chto sovpadaet s dannymi, poluchennymi na sobakah v laboratorii v Jute

  8. Ranges of Iodine and Bromine Isotopes Produced in the Interaction of High-Energy Protons with Uranium; Isotopes de l'Iode et du Brome Produits par l'Interaction de Protons de Haute Energie avec l'Uranium; 041f 0420 041e 0411 0415 0413 0418 0418 0417 041e 0422 041e 041f 041e 0412 0419 041e 0414 0410 0418 0411 0420 041e 041c 0410 , 041f 041e 041b 0423 0427 0415 041d 041d 042b 0425 041f 0420 0418 0412 0417 0410 0418 041c 041e 0414 0415 0419 0421 0422 0412 0418 0418 041f 0420 041e - 0422 041e 041d 041e 0412 0411 041e 041b 042c 0428 041e 0419 042d 041d 0415 0420 0413 0418 0418 0421 0423 0420 0410 041d 041e 041c ; Alcance de los Isotopos del Yodo y del Bromo Producidos en la Interaccion de Protones de Alta Energia con el Uranio

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Brandt, R. [CERN, Geneva (Switzerland); Max Planck Institut fuer Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany (Germany)

    1965-07-15

    'noe uvelichenie funkcii vozbuzhdenija svyshe 1 Bjev. Izotopy broma po sushhestvu imejut tu zhe samuju zavisimost' probegov, Krivaja vyhoda izotopov broma iz urana imeet te zhe samye osnovnye osobennosti, chto i sootvetstvujushhaja krivaja dlja joda. Sil'noe uvelichenie proizvodstva izotopov s nedostatkom nejtronov snova nabljudaetsja pri bol'shih jenergijah bombardirujushhih chastic. Obsuzhdenie kasaetsja glavnym obrazom jetih izotopov s nedostatkom nejtronov. Oni poluchajutsja po sushhestvu tol'ko pri jenergii svyshe 1 Bjev, i ih probeg pri bolee vysokoj jenergii bombardirujushhih chastic sostavljaet tol'ko priblizitel'no polovinu probega obychnyh produktov delenija, chto govorit o tom, chto oni poluchajutsja ne v rezul'tate, delenija, a drugim putem. Jeti vyvody obsuzhdajutsja v svete modelej ''rasshheplenija'' i ''fragmentacii'', prichem daetsja novoe opredelenie jetim terminam. (author)

  9. Economic Aspects of the Food Irradiation Programme in Israel; Aspects Economiques du Programme d'Irradiation des Produits Alimentaires en Israel; Ehkonomicheskie aspekty izrail'skoj programmy po oblucheniyu pishchevykh produktov; Aspectos Economicos del Programa de Irradiacion de Alimentos de Israel

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lapidot, M.; Foa, E.; Sivan, Y.; Kahan, R. S. [Soreq Nuclear Research Centre, Yavne (Israel)

    1966-11-15

    programmy s cel'ju izuchenija tehnologicheskoj celesoobraznosti, jekonomicheskie voprosy po oblucheniju pishhevyh produktov dolzhny rassmatrivat'sja v nacional'nom masshtabe. Po mere vypolnenija programmy sleduet detal'no izuchat' ee jekonomicheskuju celesoobraznost'. Takoe tehniko-jekonomicheskoe izuchenie voprosa sohranenija sel'skohozjajstvennyh produktov s pomoshh'ju obluchenija bylo provedeno v ijule 1965 goda v Izraile. Byli izucheny vse pishhevye produkty, obluchenie kotoryh mozhet byt' jekonomicheski vygodnym (frukty, ovoshhi, furazh, zernovye i produkty iz nih, ryba, mjaso, ptica). Vo vnimanie prinimalsja obshhij urozhaj i ego stoimost' za 1962 - 63 gg. i 1968 - 69 gg. (po dannym Ministerstva sel'skogo hozjajstva). Stoimost' obluchenija ocenivalas' na osnovanii imejushhihsja i jekstrapolirovannyh dannyh, poluchennyh kak na malen'kih obluchateljah, ispol'zujushhihsja v polevyh uslovijah, tak i na bol'shih ustanovkah v portah i vdol' shossejnyh dorog. Provodilos' izuchenie obrabotki poverhnosti jelektronnymi uskoriteljami i obrabotki vsej massy s pomoshh'ju kobal'ta-60, cezija-137 ili rentgenovskih luchej. Jeto obsledovanie bylo polezno dlja razrabotki programmy detal'nogo tehnologicheskogo i jekonomicheskogo izuchenija celesoobraznosti obluchenija pishhevyh produktov, a takzhe dlja vybora napravlenija issledovatel'skoj dejatel'nosti i kommercheskogo primenenija na period do 1971 g. Predvaritel'nye rezul'taty opytov po predotvrashheniju prorastanija obluchennogo kartofelja prodimonstrirovali celesoobraznost' provedenija detal'nyh jekonomicheskih jssledo- vanij sushhestvujushhih metodov hranenija kartofelja i luka po sravneniju s novymi uluchshennymi metodami, zakljuchajushhimisja v sovmestnom primenenii ustanovok po oblucheniju i hraneniju pri zadannoj temperature. Primenenie predlagaemogo metoda snizilo by zatraty vo vremja hranenija i transportirovki s 15% primerno do 8% ot obshhej stoimosti urozhaja, prichem sjekonomlennye sredstva sostavili by okolo 24% ot novyh

  10. A Review of the Production of ''Special'' Radioisotopes; La Production de Radioisotopes «Spéciaux»; ОБЗОР ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ''СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫХ'' ИЗОТОПОВ; Produccion de Radioisotopos ''Especiales''

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Stang, Jr., L. G. [Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY (United States)

    1963-03-15

    ] Perechisljaetsja i illjustriujutsja primerami shest' poleznyh svojstv radioizotopov i preimushhestva ih ispol'zovanija. V informacionnom liste jetogo seminara byli privedeny chetyre preimushhestva korotkozhivushhih izotopov po sravneniju s dolgozhivushhimi. Dvumja drugimi osobennostjami, blagodarja kotorym vladel'cy nebol'shih issledovatel'skih reaktorov bol'she zainteresovany v poluchenii izotopov s malym periodom poluraspada, javljajutsja jekonomichnost' i osoboe udobstvo pri proizvodstve, svjazannoe s zavisimost'ju skorosti ih nakoplenija ot perioda poluraspada. Pomimo malogo perioda poluraspada dlja proizvoditelej izotopov predstavljajut interes harakter i jenergija ispuskaemogo izluchenija. Privodjatsja v obshhih chertah devjat' preimushhestv jadernogo reaktora po sravneniju s uskoriteljami chastic. V sootvetstvii s jetim obshhim napravleniem daetsja obzor neobychnyh idi rezhe primenjaemyh metodov proizvodstva. Sjuda vkljuchajutsja: reakcii (p, r) i vtorichnye reakcii, takie, kak (t, n) i (t, p), vyzvannye teplovymi nejtronami, razlichnye metody poluchenija poleznyh potokov bystryh nejtronov, kotorye vlijajut na drugie reakcii, metody otdachi, vkljuchaja klassicheskie reakcii Scidlard-Chalmersa, ispol'zovanie zarjazhennyh jelektrodov dlja sbora korotkozhivushhih dochernih produktov gazoobraznyh ishodnyh izotopov, sistemy nepreryvnogo poluchenija dochernih produktov iz materinskih izotopov I{sup d}oenie{sup )}, parazitnoe obluchenie, vozmozhnoe ispol'zovanie ''vybityh'' protonov ili dejtronov (iz zamedlitelja) dlja provedenija takih reakcij, kak (r, p), (d, n) i t.d. i vozmozhnoe primenenie zamknutyh ''petel'' v reaktorah, s pomoshh'ju kotoryh ispol'zuetsja izluchenie sverhkorotkozhivushhih izotopov, takih, kak Ag{sup 110}, In{sup 114}, {sup 116}, Dy{sup 155m} i t.d. Upominaetsja vozmozhnost' ispol'zovanija, hotja i ne v promyshlennyh masshtabah, nekotoryh stabil'nyh izotopov (naprimer, serebra) v kachestve izotopnyh indikatorov, kotorye mogut byt' legko obnaruzheny i putem

  11. Retention of Radionuclides by Infants: I. Study Techniques and Error Evaluation; Retention des Radionucleides chez les Enfants en bas Age: I. Methodes de Recherche et Evaluation des Erreurs; 0417 0410 0414 ; Retencion de Radionuclidos en los Ninos de Pecho: I. Tecnicas de Estudio y Calculo del Error

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Straub, C. P.; Kahn, B.; Wellman, H. N.; Telles, N. C.; Seltzer, R. A. [Radiological Health Research Activities, Robert A. Taft Sanitary Engineering Center, US Public Health Service, Department Of Health, Education and Welfare, Cincinnati, OH (United States)

    1964-11-15

    ) kontrolirovanii i registracii vsej potrebljaemoj pishhi, 2) sbore vseh vydelenij, 3) poluchenii dostatochno bol'shih obrazcov vydelenij dlja tochnogo izmerenija soderzhanija radioizotopov i ustojchivyh komponentov, i 4) dostatochno tochnom izmerenii koncentracij pogloshhaemyh i vydeljaemyh radioizotopov i ustojchivyh komponentov, chtoby mozhno bylo poluchit' dostovernye velichiny zaderzhki izotopov. Dlja sbora informacii o pogloshenii i vydelenii i dlja obrabotki dannyh byl privlechen special'nyj sotrudnik i ispol'zovana jelektronnaja schetnaja mashina. Velichiny pogloshhenija analiziruemyh komponentov proverjalis' putem sravnenija ''kontrol'nyh obrazcov pishhi'' s raschetnymi dannymi, poluchennymi pri izmerenii obrazcov. Ispol'zovalis' special'nye bumazhnye salfetki s nizkoj koncentraciej ustojchivogo stroncija. Byli rasschitany velichiny zaderzhki kal'cija i fosfora dlja 30 detej. Ustanovleno, chto zaderzhka stroncija-90 po sravneniju s kal'ciem u detej bol'she, chem u vzroslyh. (author)

  12. The Hanford Emergency Dosimetry System; Le Systeme de Dosimetrie pour les Cas d'Urgence a Hanford; 0421 0418 0421 0422 0414 ; El Sistema Dosimetrico de Hanford para Casos de Urgencia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Larson, H. V.; Keene, A. R. [Radiation Protection Operation, Hanford Laboratories, General Electric Company, Hanford Atomic Products Operation, Richland, WA (United States)

    1965-06-15

    dosimetros contienen laminas de los mismos elementos que el dosimetro de pelicula y constituyen un medio mas para calcular la dosis individual. (author) [Russian] Proekt v Hjenforde predstavljaet soboj bol'shoj atomnyj promyshlennyj kompleks, v kotoryj vhodjat jadernye reaktory, zavody po proizvodstvu teplovydeljajushhih jelementov, ustanovki dlja himicheskogo razdelenija i issledovatel'skie laboratorii. V dopolnenie k programme nabljudenija i kontrolirovanija radiacionnogo obluchenija personala razrabotana sistema avarijnogo dozimetricheskogo kontrolja s cel'ju obespechenija bystroj ocenki bol'shih doz, provedenija otbora sluzhashhih i kontrolja nad nimi, preduprezhdenija personala i sozdanija centrov avarijnogo kontrolja personala, ocenki vneshnih doz obluchenija, ocenki soderzhanija radioaktivnyh materialov v organizme, obnaruzhenija i regulirovanija zagrjaznenija okruzhajushhej sredy i bystrogo sostavlenija dannyh ob obluchenii v kachestve rukovodstva dlja personala skoroj pomoshhi i vrachej. Osnovnoj upor delaetsja na hjenfordskij plenochnyj dozimetr, kotoryj imeet pri sebe vse lica v predelah kontroliruemyh zon. Dozimetr obespechivaet pravil'noe vyjavlenie lichnosti vladel'ca, a ocenka plenki mozhet byt' provedena v techenie 90 minut. Razdel'no, i vmeste s tem odnovremenno, mozhno provesti obrabotku ostal'nyh sostavnyh chastej dozimetra s cel'ju opredelenija spektra nejtronov i velichiny dozy v pjati gruppah jenergii, a takzhe dat' bystruju ocenku nejtronnoj dozy pri odnokratnom stolknovenii, ot neskol'kih do tysjach rad. Gamma-luchi obnaruzhivajutsja v diapazone ot 20 millirentgen do 1500 rentgen (pri obrabotke komponentov plenki) i ot 10 do 10 000 rentgen (pri obrabotke jekranirovannyh tantalom ftoristyh sterzhnej). V avarijnuju sistemu vkljuchajutsja programmy, obespechivajushhie ponimanie sotrudnikami sistemy, podgotovku v oblasti dozimetrii i sotrudnichestvo s rukovodstvom v dele bystrogo vyjavlenija, kontrolirovanija i izolirovanija porazhennyh izlucheniem

  13. Uranium Ore and Concentrate Sampling; Echantillonnage des Minerais et des Concentres d'Uranium; Otbor prob uranovoj rudy i kontsentratov; Muestreo de Minerales y Concentrados de Uranio

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    McGinley, F. E.; Brown, D. L.; Langridge, R. W. [United States Atomic Energy Commission, Grand Junction, CO (United States)

    1966-02-15

    normalmente aplicados en la industria minera; se efectuaron ademas, muestreos de verificacion y otras pruebas para garantizar que la determinacion del contenido de uranio de los diversos minerales se realizaba con toda la precision que permitian las consideraciones de orden economico. Durante los diecisiete ultimos anos se han adquirido de productores de los Estados Unidos unas 10 000 partidas de concentrados con un contenido total de 129 000 t de U{sub 3}O{sub 8}; cada una de estas partidas ha sido pesada, muestreada y analizada, con procedimientos cuidadosamente controlados, en las instalaciones de muestreo que la AEC posee en Grand Junction y en Weldon Spring (Missouri), ambas explotadas por contratistas. La partida tipica consiste en unos 50 barriles, con una capacidad de 209 litros cada uno, y pesa aproximadamente 16000kg. Como las caracteristicas fisicas y quimicas de los concentrados varian sobremanera es necesario tomar muestras. de cada barril. Durante estos anos se han empleado diversos sistemas de muestreo: por tubos, barrenas abiertas, barrenas cerradas, mueatreo en comente libre. Este ultimo es el mas exacto, a condicion de que se tomen las precauciones necesarias para impedir los cambios de peso debidos a la exposicion a los factores atmosfericos. Teniendo en cuenta la tendencia de los concentrados a perder o absorber humedad segun la atmosfera a que se hallan expuestos, se han ideado procedimientos especiales de submuestreo, secado y preparacion de muestras con objeto de aumentar la precision de las operaciones. Pata analizar e interpretar los datos proporcionados por las mediciones y el muestreo se recurre en gran medida a la estadistica. (author) [Russian] Otdelenie Komissii po atomnoj jenergii v Grand-Dzhankshin otvechaet za proizvodstvo bol'shih kolichestv prirodnogo urana v vide rud i koncentratov. Metody otbora prob rud objazatel'no otlichajutsja ot metodov, primenjaemyh v otnoshenii koncentratov. V doklade obsuzhdaetsja kazhdaja stupen' v obshhih

  14. High-Volume Non-Destructive Test Applications at the Hanford Atomic Products Operation; Applications Industrielles des Essais Non Destructifs a l'Etablissement Nucleaire de Hanford; Provedenie bol'shogo chisla nedestruktivnykh ispytanii v ''khenford atomik prodakts opereishen''; Ensayos No Destructivos en Gran Escala Aplicados en Hanford

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Worlton, D. C. [Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Battelle Memorial Institute, Richland, WA (United States)

    1965-10-15

    resultados obtenidos con este metodo de ensayo, que se ha aplicado en condiciones dificiles a 250 000 m de tuberia instalada. (author) [Russian] Bezopasnost' i jeffektivnost' kriticheskih processov Henforda garantiruetsja bystrym, nadezhnym i avtomaticheskim sposobom ispytanija obrazcov bez razrushenija obolochki. Vysokochuvstvitel'nye toki Fuko i ul'trazvuk nahodjat svoe obychnoe primenenie v jetoj oblasti i v processah izgotovlenija izdelij dlja togo, chtoby obespechit' maksimal'nuju garantiju kachestva bol'shih kolichestv materiala za mini- mal'nyj period vremeni. Opisyvajutsja sistemy, ispol'zuemye dlja togo, chtoby obespechit' kachestvennost' processov Henforda po izgotovleniju izdelij jadernogo topliva. Dejstvujushhie kak obychnoe oborudovanie jeti sistemy ispol'zujut izmerenija ul'trazvukovogo zatuhanija dlja togo, chtoby prokontrolirovat' strukturu zerna aktivnyh zon nejekranirovannogo uranovogo topliva, a ul'trazvukovoj metod i metod tokov Fuko dlja togo, chtoby obespechit' sootvetstvujushhuju po- losnost' i tolshhinu 0,040 djujma aljuminievogo pokrytija jelementov ' kassetah, i novyj shirokopolosnyj metod s vysokorazreshajushhej sposobnost'ju ul'trazvukovogo obsledovanija dlja obnaruzhenija defektov v svarnyh shvah na stykah obolochki. Ob{sup e}dinenie ispytanij s pomoshh'ju ul'trazvuka i tokov Fuko primenjaetsja odnovremenno dlja togo, chtoby provesti polnoe obsledovanie toplivnogo jelementa v devjatisekundnom cikle. Jelementy s defektom avtomaticheski udaljajutsja s potochnoj linii proizvodstva. Osobyj upor delaetsja na usovershenstvovannye metody ispytanij s pomoshh'ju ul'trazvuka po obsledovaniju tonkostennyh obolochnyh trub dlja toplivnyh jelementov. Ispol'zujutsja special'nye preryvateli s vysokoj fokusirovkoj vmeste s shirokopolosnoj shemoj dlja togo, chtoby poluchit' chistyj srez volny v trubah tolshhinoj 0,015 djujma. Prostejshie i bolee slozhnye volnovye dvizhenija iskljuchajutsja, poskol'ku rezul'taty ispytanij legko istolkovyvajutsja i vosproizvodjatsja

  15. Criteria for Special Nuclear Materials Inventory and Control Procedures; Criteres a Suivre Pour Proceder a l'Inventaire des Matieres Nucleaires Speciales et aux Mesures de Controle; Kriterii dlya inventarizatsii spetsial'nykh yadernykh materialov i metody ucheta; Criterios a Que Deben Ajustarse los Procedimientos de Inventario y Control de los Materiales Nucleares Especiales

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kinderman, E. M.; Tarrice, R. R. [Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, CA (United States)

    1966-02-15

    bol'shinstvom promyshlennyh materialov, naprimer v SShA ceny na uran 90%-go obogashhenija i na uran 3%-go obogashhenija v vide shestiftoristogo urana i na tjazheluju vodu sostavljajut so otvetstvenno 10 808, 254 i 61,60 doll. SShA za 1 k g . Bolee togo, vo mnogih sluchajah jeti materialy, kak togo trebu- et ohrana zdorov'ja i tehnika bezopasnosti, nahodjatsja pod special'nym pravitel'stvennym kontrolem, ne svjazannym neposredstvenno s ih denezhnoj stoimost'ju. Nesmotrja na bol'shuju stoimost' jetih materialov, predusmatrivaetsja primenjat' ih v bol'shom kolichestve; napri- mer, v reaktore s vodnym zamedlitelem moshhnost'ju 500 mgvt budet ispol'zovano priblizi- tel'no 50 - 75 t materiala 3%-go obogashhenija, i, verojatno, vo v s em mire k 1980 godu moshhnost' reaktorov, nahodjashhihsja v jekspluatacii, budet jekvivalentno ravna moshhnosti priblizi- tel'no 200 - 300 reaktorov takogo razmera. Na osnovanii proshlogo opyta razrabotany special'nye metody i nalazhena praktika promyshlennogo ucheta nedorogostojashhih materialov v bol'shom kolichestve, naprimer ugol' ili zheleznaja ruda, i dorogostojashhih materialov v nebol'shom kolichestve, naprimer dragocen- nye metally . Pri pochti odinakovyh cenah special'nye jadernye materialy razlichajutsja po vidu i budut ispol'zovat'sja v kolichestvah, znachitel'no ''ol'shih po sravneniju s dragocennymi metallami. Hotja, verojatno, potrebujutsja special'nye metody ili sootvetstvuju- shhee izmenenie staryh metodov, nadlezhashhee ispol'zovanie mnogoobraznoj ustanovlennoj praktiki proverki i ucheta dolzhno okazat'sja dostatochnym v bol'shinstve sluchaev dlja dolzhnoj zashhity kapitalovlozhenij stran i otdel'nyh lic v proizvodstvo jetih dorogostojashhih materialov. Ustanavlivajutsja kriterii dlja ucheta materialov. Special'no rassmatrivaetsja vopros o, sootvetstvii razlichnyh metodov inventarnogo kontrolja, nachinaja ot sostavlenija ezhegodnyh balansov uch et a postuplenij i otpravok do podrobnoj ezhednevnoj fizicheskoj inventarnoj

  16. Pulsed and Static Neutron Measurements in Light-Water and Heavy-Water Exponentials; Mesures par les Methodes Pulsee et Statique dans les Ensembles Exponentiels a Eau Legere et a Eau Lourde; Izmerenie impul'snykh i staticheskikh nejtronov v ehksponentsial'nykh ustanovkakh s obychnoj i tyazheloj vodoj; Mediciones por los Metodos Pulsados y Estaticos en Conjuntos Exponenciales de Agua Ligera y Agua Pesada

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Parkinson, T. F.; Perez, R. B.; Fry, D. N.; Hartley, R. H.; Smith, S. P.D.; Diaz, N. J. [University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)

    1964-04-15

    kotorogo mozhno vyvesti k' , primenjalsja metod impul'snyh nejtronov. Odnako dlja ustanovlenija pravomernosti impul'snogo metoda neobhodimo proizvesti sravnenie mezhdu impul'snym i staticheskim metodami. My vypolnili takie izmerenija s zamedliteljami iz H{sub 2}O i D{sub 2}O v sistemah s otrazhatelem i bez takovogo. Dlja jeksperimentov ispol'zovalsja bak diametrom 1 m. Dlja korreljacii izmerennyh postojannyh raspada s sootvetstvujushhimi-parametrami sistemy, ispol'zovalas' modificirovannaja odnogruppovaja teoreticheskaja model' (imenuemaja v dal'nejshem model'ju A). Tak, {lambda} vyrazhaetsja prostym otnosheniem {lambda}{sub 0}, k{sub {infinity}} {tau}, L{sup 2} i B{sup 2}, gde B{sup 2} udovletvorjaet kriticheskomu ravneniju dvuh zon. Vychislitel'naja shema vkljuchaet opredelenie snachala znachenija postojannoj raspada {lambda} s posledujushhej interaciej do teh por, poka ne budet najdeno znachenie V', sootvetstvujushhee kriticheskomu uravneniju i granichnym uslovijam . Byli oprobovany takzhe dve drugie modeli: Model' V-dvuhzonnaja odnogruppovaja sistema, v kotoroj B{sup 2}{sub g} v funkcii vlijanija Fermi prinimaetsja kak geometricheskij laplasian jekvivalentnoj sistemy bez otrazhatelja s otrazhatel'noj dobavkoj. Model' C -dvuhgruppovaja sistema bez otrazhatelja s otrazhatel'noj dobavkoj. Sravnenie raschetnyh i jeksperimental'nyh postojannyh raspada pokazyvaet, chto tol'ko model' A daet udovletvoritel'noe sovpadenie. Mozhno sdelat' sledujushhie vyvody: 1. Prisutstvie otrazhatelja sil'no vlijaet na fiziku impul'snoj sistemy Metod predpolozhenija otrazhatel'noj dobavki ne vsegda cenen. 2. Znachenie postojannoj raspada {lambda} ochen' chuvstvitel'no k predpolagaemomu znacheniju verojatnosti izoezhanija utechki oystryh nejtronov. Jeksperimenty pokazali, chto dlja nebol'shih geterogennyh sborok k mozhno opredelit' metodom impul'snyh nejtronov. V nastojashhee vremja provodjatsja raboty po pustotelym uranovym sterzhnjam, kotorye pozvoljajut imitirovat' organicheskie

  17. Measurements of the Asymptotic Spectrum of a Multiplying Medium; Mesures du Spectre Asymptotique d'Un Milieu Multiplicateur; Izmereniya asimptoticheskogo spektra umnozhayushchej sredy; Mediciones del Espectro Asintotico en un Medio Multiplicador

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Slovacek, R. E.; Cerbone, R. J.; Gaerttner, E. R.; Fullwood, R. R.; Bach, D. R. [Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (United States)

    1965-08-15

    rasshirenii stepeni sravnenija v bolee vysokih energijah izmerennyj potok utechki ravnjalsja priblizitel'no 50 %, chem jeto predusmatrivalos' raschetami. Izmerenija poverhnostnogo spektra, poluchennye za poslednee vremja, imejut bolee luchshie statisticheskie dannye po sravneniju s drugimi raschetami poverhnostnyh spektrov. Metod izmerenija asimptoticheskogo spektra byl pokazan kak metod, poleznyj dlja izuchenija spektra pozicionnoj zavisimosti. Izmerenija staticheskogo spektra byli takzhe polucheny v odnoj iz sistem s cel'ju sravnenija oboih metodov pri ispol'zovanii odnogo i togo zhe spektrometra. Jeti rezul'taty poka eshhe analizirujutsja. Poskol'ku plotnost' asimptoticheskih nejtronov imeet postojannoe prostranstvennoe rasprostranenie, kotoroe gorazdo luchshe poddaetsja analizu, to asimptoticheskij metod, primenjaemyj k razmnozhajushhim sistemam, dolzhen okazat'sja chrezvychajno poleznym dlja izuchenija spektral'nyh problem kosmicheskoj zavisimosti pri sverh bol'shih energijah. (author)

  18. New Frontiers for Non-Destructive Testing in the Nuclear Age; Perspectives des Essais Non Destructifs a l'Ere Nucleaire; ''Novye rubezhi'' nedestruktivnykh ispytanij v yadernyj vek; Nuevas Posibilidades de los Ensayos No Destructivos en la Era Nuclear

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ballard, D. W. [Sandia Laboratory Albuquerque, NM (United States)

    1965-10-15

    {sup -12}sm{sup 3}/sek, ili 1'sm{sup 3} v techenie 500 let. Drugim cennym metodom javljaetsja radiografija v dvizhenii pri bol'shih uvelichenijah s ispol'zovaniem vidikonov, chuvstvitel'nyh k rentgenovskim lucham. Osveshhaetsja novyj analogichnyj metod (kinosonografija), pri kotorom ispol'zuetsja ne radiografija, a ul'tra- zvukovoe izobrazhenie. V zakljuchenie raboty rassmatrivaetsja novyj vid polnost'ju avtoma- ticheskogo bystrodejstvujushhego oborudovanija, razra''atyvaemogo dlja ispol'zovanija pri byst- rom skennirovanii. Takie sistemy budut vkljuchat' neskol'ko metodov nedestruktivnyh ispyta- nij, kotorye primenjajutsja odnovremenno. Pribory ispol'zujushhie infrakrasnye luchi, jelektro- magnitnye kolebanija i toki vysokoj chastoty v sochetanii s o skennirujushhimi ustrojstvami, upravljaemye s pomoshh'ju magnitnoj plenki, sootvetstvujushhim obrazom prispasablivajutsja dlja poluchenija vyhodnyh izobrazhenij, kotorye prigodny dlja distancionnogo televizionnogo vospro- izvedenija i zapisi. Rassmotreny ispytatel'nye parametry, vosproizvodjashhie sposobnosti i ne- preryvnye sistemy kontrolja. Jeti vozmozhnosti uzhe vyjavleny v hode laboratornyh ispyta- nij i ih sleduet takzhe ispol'zovat' i pri zavodskih ispytanijah, esli my hotim dobit'sja bol'shej nadezhnosti oborudovanija v jadernoj promyshlennosti. (author)

  19. Drift Instabilities and Electron Cyclotron Oscillations for Arbitrary Plasma Pressure; Instabilites de Derive et Oscillations Cyclotroniques des Electrons pour des Pressions de Plasma Arbitraires; Drejfovaya neustojchivost' i ehlektronno-tsiklotronnye kolebaniya pri proizvol'nom davlenii plazmy; Inestabilidades de Deriva y Oscilaciones Ciclotronicas de los Electrones en un Plasma de Presion Arbitraria

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Krall, N. A.; Pearlstein, L. D. [General Atomic Division, General Dynamics Corporation, San Diego, CA (United States)

    1966-04-15

    radiar si estan acoplados a ondas transversales; con {beta} = 0 este acoplamiento se producan la superficie o en una inhbmogeneidad local. Puesto que un efecto notable de {beta} finito es el de acoplar ondas longitudinales y transversales, los autores calculan el espectro y el acoplamiento de oscilaciones ciclotronicas de los electrones para valores de {beta} arbitrarios. (author) [Russian] Bol'shaja chast' izvestnyh drejfovyh neustoj- chivostej {l_brace}zhelobkovaja, universal'naja i t . d . ) byla rasschitana v predele {beta} = (plazmennoe dav- lenie)/(magnitnoe davlenie)= 0. V jetom predele vozmushhennoe jelektricheskoe pole javljaetsja jelektrostaticheskim i uravnenie Vlasova maksimal'no uproshheno.- Predel'noe {beta}, pri kotorom eshhe spravedlivo jelektrostaticheskoe priblizhenie, zavisit ot rassmatrivaemoj formuly kolebanij, i mnogie sovremennye jeksperimenty vyhodjat za jetot diapazon. Dva horosho izvestnyh nizkochastotnyh vida drejfovyh neustojchivostej issledujutsja pri proizvol'nom {beta}; opredeljaetsja rezhim nulevogo {beta}, i vyvodjatsja kriteriiustojchivosti dlja bol'shih znachenij {beta}. Krome togo, issleduetsja vlijanie konechnogo {beta} na izuchenie na jelektronno-ciklotronnoj garmonike. Vnachale rassmatrivaetsja zhelobkovaja neustojchivost' s konechnym larmorovskim radiusom (R), vyzyvaemaja kriviznoj magnitnogo polja zerkal. Pugajushhie bol'shie chleny samyh nizkih porjadkov, obratno proporcional'nye R{sup 2}, sokrashhajutsja vo vseh porjadkah po {beta}. Glavnye chleny zatem ne zavisjat ot R i vkljuchajutsja v zadachu o sobstvennyh znachenijah; poluchajutsja kriterii ustojchivosti dlja razlichnyh diapazonov {beta}. Dalee rassmatrivaetsja universal'naja neustojchivost' E (vozmushhennoe) = E(exp ik{sub Up-Tack }r{sub Up-Tack })(exp ik{sub II}r{sub II}) v odnorodnom magnitnom'pole B = B{sub 0}i{sub II} s kriviznoj polja, imitirovannoj fiktivnoj siloj tjazhesti. V jetom sluchae predel nulevogo {beta} zavisit ot dliny voln.' Esli {beta}<(massa jelektrona

  20. Use of the Neutron Die-Away Technique to Test Control Rod Effectiveness Theories; Emploi de la Methode d'Absorption des Neutrons pour Verifier les Theories sur l'Efficacite des Barres de Commande; Ispol'zovanie metoda spada potoka nejtronov dlya proverki teorij ehffektivnosti reguliruyushchikh sterzhnej; Aplicacion de la Tecnica de Extincion Neutronica a la Verificacion de las Teorias sobre la Eficacia de las Barras de Control

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Perez, R. B. [University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); De Saussure, G.; Silver, E. G. [University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

    1964-04-15

    actualmente determinaciones con barras de dimensiones intermedias, a fin de averiguar el limite de aplicacion de la teoria de la difusion. (author) [Russian] Raschety jeffektivnosti regulirujushhih sterzhnej uslozhnjajutsja ih zavisimost'ju kak ot raspredelenija jenergij nejtronov, tak m ot geometrii sborki. Pri sravnenii teoreticheskih dannyh s rezul'tatami jeksperimentov, provedennyh na reaktorah ili kriticheskih sistemah, voznikajut trudnosti, svjazannye s vnutrennej slozhnost'ju takih sistem. Metod spada potoka nejtronov pozvoljaet poluchit' model' vseh teplovyh nejtronov, v kotoroj raspredelenie jenergii nejtronov mozhet byt' otdeleno ot prostranstvennyh jeffektov. Pojetomu geometricheskij faktor jeffektivnosti regulirujushhego sterzhnja mozhet byt' izuchen bez ucheta detalej nejtronnogo spektra, a rezul'taty mogut byt' sravneny s rezul'tatami chistoj prostoj jeksperimental'noj ustanovki. Metod osnovan na tom fakte, chto v jeksperimente s zamiraniem nejtronov, kak on zdes' opisan, laplasian sborki svjazan s postojannoj raspada osnovnogo vida po formuljo: B{sup 2} = ({lambda} - {lambda}{sub a})/D {lambda}{sub a} gde Ha-obratnyj poluperiod nejtronov v zamedlitele (sek-1 ); D- postojannaja diffuzii (sm2 'sek-1 ). V zamedljajushhih sborkah, ispol'zuemyh dlja jetih jeksperimentov, imelis' prjamougol'nye berillievye prizmy razlichnyh razmerov, sostavlennye iz nebol'shih (7,3 h 7,3 h 5,24 sm) blokov. Ispol'zovalis' tri vida kadmievyh regulirujushhih sterzhnej: tonkie diametrom 0,476sm, krestoobraznye i polye ''tolstye'' sterzhni secheniem 7,3 X 7,3sm. Byli provereny sledujushhie teoreticheskie shemy: 1) Nordhejma -Skalettara; 2) Hurvitca-Roe; 3) Cifrovoj hod diffuzii. Jeffekt krestoobraznogo poglotitelja byl raschitan s pomoshh'ju metoda konformnogo preobrazovanija Hurvitca-Roe. Dlja laplasiana bylo polucheno znachenie 0,0188sm{sup -2}, chto sravnimo s jeksperimental'nymi rezul'tatami, sostavivshimi 0,0187 {+-} 0,0006 cm{sup -2}. Znachenija, poluchennye dlja tolstyh sterzhnej s

  1. Recent Research on the Irradiation of Fruits and Vegetables; Recherches Recentes sur l'Irradiation des Fruits et Legumes; Poslednie issledovaniya po oblucheniyu fruktov i ovoshchej; Investigaciones Recientes Sobre la Irradiacion de Frutas y Verduras

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sommer, N. F.; Maxie, E. C. [University of California, Davis, CA (United States)

    1966-11-15

    madurar. Las dosis de 20 a 35 krad inhiben la maduracion de los platanos de 4 a 15 dias, segun el grado de sazon y la importancia delas deteriora-, ciones mecanicas sufridas por la fruta. Las frutas irradiadas sometidas a un tratamiento tipo con etileno maduran en buenas condiciones. Los melocotones y persicos sometidos a dosis de rayos gamma capaces de retardar la putrefaccion son muy sensibles a los danos debidos al transporte. La irradiacion de papayas con rayos gamma para eliminar la mosca de la fruta de Hawaii presenta perspectivas alentadores. El periodo de almacenamiento de las frutas irradiadas es de 3 a 5 dias mayor que el de las frutas sometidas a fumigacion con dibromuro de etileno. En ia memoria se examinan las perspectivas que ofrece la irradiacion de varias frutas y verduras. (author) [Russian] Posleuborochnaja radiacionnaja obrabotka fruktov i ovoshhej vyzvala bol'shoj interes s tochki zrenija bor'by s rynochnymi boleznjami, zarazhenija nasekomymi, zamedlenija sozrevanija i zaderzhki rosta. Obluchenie kak sredstvo bor'by protiv gribkov predstavljaet osobyj interes vvidu svoego terapevticheskogo dejstvija. K sozhaleniju, doza obluchenija chasto sil'no ogranichena vvidu chuvstvitel'nosti ''hozjaina'': Te ili inye vidy i sorta imejut razlichnuju stojkost' k oblucheniju, na kotoruju vlijaet stepen' sozrevanija v moment obluchenija. Esli produkty napravljajutsja v hranilishha, to ih mozhno obluchit' nebol'shoj dozoj vvidu zamedlennyh neblagoprijatnyh vozdejstvij. Zaderzhka rosta patogennogo mikroorganizma zavisit glavnym obrazom ot ego chuvstvitel'nosti i razmera porazhennogo, mesta. Obychno znachitel'naja chast' nebol'shih gribkovyh porazhenij inaktiviruetsja, a razvitie drugih porazhenij priostanavlivaetsja. V nastojashhee vremja radiacionnaja obrabotka javljaetsja naibolee perspektivnym metodom v teh sluchajah, kogda problemy bolezni javljajutsja ves'ma ser'eznymi, kak naprimer, pri obrabotke skoroportjashhihsja tovarnyh fruktov i ovoshhej, kotorye

  2. The Preparation and Thermodynamics of Europium Dicarbide; Preparation et Thermodynamique du Bicarbure d'Europium; Poluchenie i termodinamicheskie svojstva dikarbida evropiya; Preparacion y Termodinamica del Dicarburo de Europio

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gebelt, R. E. [Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK (United States); Eick, H. A. [Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI (United States)

    1966-01-15

    evropija i grafita v bombe iz nerzhavejushhej stali. Dannye himicheskogo analiza ukazyvajut, chto srednij sostav produkta sostavljaet EuC{sub 1.87{+-}0.07}. Rezul'taty analiza rentgenogramm tipa Debaja-IIl errera svidetel'stvujut o nalichii ob{sup e}mno-centrirovannoj tetragonal'noj simmetrii v strukture soedinenija i prostranstvennoj gruppy D{sup 17}{sub 4}n-14/mm s parametrami reshetki: a{sub 0} = 4.045 A; c{sub 0} = 6.645 A. Dannye hromatograficheskogo analiza fazy para ukazyvajut na to, chto devjanosto vosem' procentov gazoobraznogo produkta kislotnogo gidroliza dikarbida evropija sostavljaet uglevodorod, acetilen. Jeti dannye analiza vmeste s parametrami reshetki svidetel'stvujut o tom, chto dikarbid evropija pohozh na dikarbidy shhelochnyh zemel' bol'she, chem na drugie dikarbidy lantanonov. Process vyparivanija dikarbida evropija v diapazone temperatur 1130 Degree-Sign - 1 600 Degree-Sign K izuchalsja metodom jeffuzii Knudsena. Jeffuzat libo sobiralsja i analizirovalsja himicheskim putem, libo izuchalsja s pomoshh'ju mass-spektrometra po vremeni proleta. Predstavlennye zdes' dannye osnovany glavnym obrazom na rezul'tatah nabljudenij s pomoshh'ju mass-spektrometra, poskol'ku jeti rezul'taty priveli k oblucheniju bolee vosproizvodimyh dannyh, chem pri metode sbora. V jeffuzate obnaruzheny gazoobraznye dikarbid evropija i evropij v koncentracijah sootvetstvenno 1 i 99%. Vozmozhnosti priborov ne pozvolili opredelit' koncentraciju gazoobraznogo dikarbida kak funkciju temperatury. Kalibrovanie mass-spektrometra serebrom dalo vozmozhnost' rasschitat' davlenija, sootvetstvujushhie otmechennoj intensivnosti ionov. Jempiricheskoe uravnenie sootvetstvovalo dannym po evropiju, poluchennym metodom naimen'shih kvadratov . Na osnovanii vtorogo zakona termodinamiki EuC{sub 2} Rightwards-Harpoon-Over-Leftwards-Harpoon Eu(g) + 2C (graphite) byli vychisleny sledujushhie dannye: {Delta}H{sup 0}{sub 298} = 51.09{+-}1.42kcal/mole; {Delta}H{sup 0}{sub 298} = 18.43 {+-} 1.75 e

  3. The Biological Effect of Fast Neutrons and High-Energy Protons; Effets Biologiques des Neutrons Rapides et des Protons de Haute Energie; Biologicheskoe dejstvie bystrykh nejtronov i protonov vysokikh ehnergii; Efectos Biologicos de los Neutrones Rapidos y de los Protones de Elevada Energia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Moskalev, Ju. I.; Petrovich, I. K.; Strel' cova, V. N.

    1964-03-15

    bystrymi nejtronami, tak i protonami u krys voznikajut dobrokachestvennye i zlokachestvennye opuholi razlichnyh tkanej, v tom chisle krovotvornoj, molochnyh zhelez, gipofiza, matki, jaichnikov predstatel'noj zhelezy, semennikov, shhitovidnoj zhelezy, zobnoj i podzheludochnoj zhelez, nadpochechnikov, pecheni, pochek, l e g kih, zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta, podkozhnoj kletchatki, limfaticheskih u z lov, mochevogo puzyrja i drugih. Summarnaja chastota opuholej i chislo sluchaev mul'ticentricheskogo vozniknovenija novoobrazovanij u samok v 2 - 3 raza vyshe, chem u samcov. Minimal'naja opuholevaja doza dlja molochnyh zhelez pri obluchenii nejtronami, po-vidimomu, neskol'ko nizhe 42,5 rad. Maksimal'naja chastota opuholej gipofiza obnaruzhivaetsja posle obluchenija v doze 42,5 rad. Pri jetoj zhe doze voznikajut lejkozy i opuholi shhitovidnoj zhelezy. Pri obluchenii protonami minimal'naja opuholevaja doza dlja krovotvornoj tkani i shhitovidnoj zhelezy nahoditsja v predelah 250 rad, dlja semennikov - 300 rad, dlja predstatel'noj, podzheludochnoj zhelez , podkozhnoj kletchatki - 100 rad. Posle obluchenija bystrymi nejtronami chastota opuholej semennikov, tolsto go kishechnika, pochek, pecheni okazyvaetsja uvelichennoj pri dozah 42,5 - 85 rad, kozhi i podkozhnoj kletchatki pri doze - 85 rad. Po sravneniju s protonami pri obluchenii bystrymi nejtronami opuholi voznikajut ot men'shih (primerno v 3 - 5 raz) doz obluchenija. (author)

  4. Data Evaluation Problems in the Pulsed Neutron Source Method; Problemes d'Evaluation des Donnees dans les Applications de la Methode de la Source Pulsee; Problemy otsenki dannykh pri primenenii metoda istochnika impul'snykh nejtronov; Problemas de Evaluacion de Datos en el Metodo de la Fuente de Neutrones Pulsados

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pal, L.; Bod, L.; Szatmary, Z. [Central Research Institute for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest (Hungary)

    1965-08-15

    ' nadlezhashhuju tochnost'. Opredeljaetsja takzhe vlijanie vremeni otstava- nija detektora nejtronov i usilitel'noj shemy na velichinu konstanty raspada i dokazyvaetsja, chto vremenem otstavanija mozhno prenebrech', es [i(t) {tau}]{sup 2} << 1, gde i/t/d t vyrazhaet chislo nejtronov, obnaruzhennyh za promezhutok vremeni (t, t + dt) , a {tau} oboznachaet vremja otstavanija. Dlja ocenki konstanty raspada primenjaetsja metod maksimal'noj verojatnosti. Dlja odno- znachnogo opredelenija funkcii verojatnosti byl vybran mnogokanal'nyj analizator, kotoryj rabotal takim obrazom, chto dlja kazhdogo cikla analiza i dlja kazhdogo kanala zanosilos' v pamjat' tol'ko odno zaregistrirovannoe sobytie.' Obnaruzheno, chto vvedenie v funkciju ve- rojatnosti parametra, harakterizujushhego fon, imeet pervostepennoe znachenie. Parametry funkcii maksimal'noj verojatnosti byli opredeleny na schetno-reshajushhem ustrojstve po N'jutonovskomu metodu povtorenij. Esli ne prinimat' v raschet fonovye shumy, to jeto mozhet vyzvat' javnoe, bolee sil'noe garmonicheskoe zagrjaznenie, a ono v svoju ochered', mozhet byt' prinjato za javnyj fon. Po- jetomu predstavljaetsja osobenno vazhnym opredelit' harakterizujushhij fon parametr nepo- sredstvenno iz dannyh raspada, poluchennyh dlja raznyh vremen zamedlenija. Diffuzionnye parametry podschityvali po metodu vzveshennyh naimen'shih kvadratov s ispol'zovaniem konstant raspada naimen'shego standartnogo otklonenija, opredelennyh po funkcii maksimal'noj verojatnosti. Tak kak dlja issleduemyh materialov ne byli iz- vestny velichiny srednego svobodnogo puti perenosa, to dlja opredelenija srednego svobod- nogo puti perenosa byla vyrabotana bystro konvergirujushhaja povtornaja formula. Ispol'- zovanie schetno-reshajushhego ustrojstva dalo vozmozhnost' opredelit' kojefficienty konstanty raspada porjadka V' i dazhe bolee vysokih porjadkov. Diffuzionnye parametry issleduemyh gidrogennyh materialov byli podschitany s pomoshh'ju osazhdenija po metodu Radkovskogo na osnovanii

  5. Recent Radiochemical Procedures for Bio-Assay Studies at Trombay; Methodes Radiochimiques d'Analyse Biologique Employees a Trombay; Nedavno razrabotannye v trombee radiokhimicheskie metody dlya biologicheskikh issledovanij; Regientes Metodos Radioquimicos Aplicados al Analisis Biologico en Trombay

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kamath, P. R.; Bhat, I. S.; Rudran, Kamala; Iyengar, M. A.R.; Koshy, Elizabeth; Waingankar, Urmila S.; Khanolkar, Vasanti S. [Health Physics Division, Atomic Energy Establishment Trombay, Bombay (India)

    1964-10-15

    describe la tecnica puesta a punto para la coprecipitacion del torio con oxalato calcico sin necesidad de calcinacion por via humeda de la orina e informa acerca de un estudio de las condiciones experimentales correctas para la precipitacion cuantitativa del torio. El trabajo menciona asimismo experimentos con indicadores llevados a cabo para estudiar las interferencias causadas por los fosfatos y el calcio en la extraccion final del torio con tenoiltrifiuoroacetona. La valoracion del torio-232 se efectua por espectrofotometria y la del torio-228 - en la fraccion del torio remanente- por separacion del {sup 224}Ra despues de alcanzar el equilibrio. Otros estudios citados en la memoria incluyen la determinacion del {sup 137}Cs, {sup 32}P, {sup 60}Co y {sup 131}I. La orina se oxida hirviendola con acido nitrico y peroxido de hidrogeno antes de proceder a la valoracion de estos elementos. El {sup 137}Cs se separa por absorcion en fosfomolibdato amonico y se realiza un estudio de los diferentes metodos para la recuperacion de aquel elemento del fosfomolibdato amonico. E 1{sup 32}P se precipita bajo forma de MgNH{sub 4}PO{sub 4} en presencia de etilendiaminotetraacetato como agente de quelacion. El {sup 60}Co se recupera como cloro-complejo por medio de tecnicas de intercambio ionico y el {sup 131}I se separa de la orina con cloruro de plata mediante tecnicas de extraccion discontinua. La memoria describe la actividad desplegada por el laboratorio de biologia desde 1958 hasta la fecha. (author) [Russian] V laboratorii bioanaliza v Trombee ezhegodno provoditsja analiz 2000 prob mochi na soderzhanie razlichnyh radioizotopov. Naibolee chasto vstrechajutsja izotopy Th{sup 232}, Th{sup 228}, Ra{sup 226}, Ra{sup 224} i Ra{sup 228}, prirdnyj uran, produkty delenija i Pu{sup 239}. Krome togo, issledujutsja Co{sup 60}, I{sup 131}, P{sup 32}, Cs{sup 137}, H{sup 3}, Sr{sup 90} i dr. Bystroe provedenie analizov bol'shih kolichestv prob, soderzhashhih nizkie urovni aktivnosti, trebuet

  6. MASURCA, a Fast-Neutron Critical Mock-Up: Operation and Uses; MASURCA. Maquette Critique a Neutrons Rapides. Description Fonctionnelle et Obiectifs; ''MAZURKA'' - kriticheskaya model' na bystrykh nejtronakh. funktsional'noe opisanie i tseli; Descripcion Funcional y Objetivos de la Maqueta Critica de Neutrones Rapidos 'MASURCA '

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Schmitt, A. P.; Storrer, F.; Vendryes, G. [Association CEA-EURATOM, Cadarache (France); Tavernier, G.; Van Dievoet, J. [Societe Belgo-Nucleaire, Bruxelles (Belgium)

    1964-02-15

    i vysotoj 102 mm. Oni razmeshheny v trubah kvadratnogo sechenija s vneshnej storonoj 106 mm i dlinoj porjadka 4 m. Jeti truby nahodjatsja v pod- veshennom sostojanii rjadom drug s drugom. Central'naja chast' podveshennoj plity mozhet prinimat' men'shie truby, chto pozvoljaet sozdavat' aktivnye zony nebol'shih razmerov. Special'nyj podogretyj kontur takzhe mozhet peremeshhat'sja v central'noj chasti ustanovki, chto daet vozmozhnost' izmerjat' kojefficient Dopplera. V doklade daetsja funkcional'noe opisanie ustanovki. Ukazyvaetsja na vozmozhnost' osushhestvlenija modelirovanija aktivnyh zon bystryh reaktorov na okislah (s pomoshh'ju jelementov iz okisi zheleza dlja vvedenija kisloroda) i na karbidah (s pomoshh'ju grafitovyh jele- mentov). Obsuzhdaetsja metod smeshannyh zagruzok, ko.toryj neobhodimo budet primenjat' vvidu opredelennogo kolichestva plutonija, ispol'zuemogo v takih opytah v nastojashhem desja- tiletii, i metodov, kotorye budut primenjat'sja dlja opredelenija osnovnyh nejtronnyh pa- rametrov. V zakljuchenie ukazyvaetsja mesto, kotoroe zanimaet jetot kriticheskij maket sredi os- novnyh fizicheskih issledovanij, svjazannyh s razrabotkoj reaktorov na bystryh nejtronah. V chastnosti, ispol'zovannye jeksperimental'nye sredstva vkljuchali reaktor-istochnik ''Garmonija'', prednaznachennyj dlja razrabotki,metodov izmerenija i dlja obespechenija jeksponenci- al'nyh opytov, a takzhe uskoriteli v kachestve istochnika staticheskih i dinamicheskih nejtronov dlja obespechenija podkriticheskih opytov na bystryh nejtronah. (author)

  7. Plasma-Column Equilibrium in Tokamak-5; L'Equilibre d'une Colonne de Plasma dans l'Installation Tokamak-5; Issledovanie ravnovesiya plazmennogo shnura na ustanovke Tokamak-5; El Equilibrio de una Columna de Plasma en la Instalacion 'Tokamak-5'

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Muhovatov, V. S. [Institut Atomnoj Ehnergii, Im. I.V. Kurchatova, Moskva, SSSR (Russian Federation)

    1966-04-15

    'nom davlenii vodoroda (1,8 Division-Sign 5) * 10{sup -4} torr. Mezhdu kozhuhom i lajnerom byli prolozheny provodniki, s pomoshh'ju kotoryh v ob{sup e}me kamery sozdavalos' poperechnoe magnitnoe pole B{sub z}, izmenjajushheesja sinhronno s razrjadnym tokom. Bylo prodemonstrirovano kachestvennoe soglasie rezul'tatov jeksperimentov s predstavlenijami o tom, chto shnur uderzhivaetsja v ravnovesii mednym kozhuhom. Bylo takzhe pokazano, chto srednjaja po secheniju shnura jelektroprovodnost' plazmy dostigaet maksimuma, esli s pomoshh'ju poperechnogo polja V 2 shnur raspolagaetsja koncentrichno otnositel'no otverstija diafragmy. V nastojashhej rabote pokazano, chto v bol'shinstve rezhimov razrjada imeetsja horoshee kolichestvennoe soglasie mezhdu jeksperimental'nymi dannymi i teoriej ravnovesija shnura vnutri provodjashhego kozhuha. Odnako v rjade rezhimov razrjada (pri nizkih nachal'nyh davlenijah gaza i bol'shih velichinah smeshhenija {Delta}{sub B} = b{sup 2}B{sub z}c/2J,napravlennogo k vnutrennej stenke tora) nabljudalos' nekotoroe rashozhdenie mezhdu teoriej i jeksperimentom. Byla predprinjata popytka ocenit', naskol'ko sushhestvennyj vklad v podderzhanie ravnovesija shnura v Tokamake mozhet vnosit' mehanizm zamykanija drejfovyh tokov provodjashhej diafragmoj. Dlja jetoj celi diafragma byla razdelena na shest' izolirovannyh drug ot druga segmentov. V processe razrjada pri B{sub z} =0 mezhdu verhnim i nizhnim segmentami nabljudalas' odnopoljarnaja raznost' potencialov, pochti na porjadok velichiny prevyshajushhaja jelektronnuju temperaturu, vychislennuju po srednej jelektroprovodnosti plazmy. Pri optimal'nom znachenii B{sub z} raznost' potencialov byla blizka k nulju i pri dal'nejshem uvelichenii B{sub z} menjala znak. Analogichnaja zavisimost' ot B{sub z} nabljudalas' i dlja tokov, protekajushhih mezhdu segmentami pri zamykanii ih cherez nizkoomnoe soprotivlenie. Zamykanie vseh segmentov drug s drugom ne privodilo k zametnomu izmeneniju velichiny smeshhenija shnura i drugih

  8. Projects of Earth Sciences Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    无

    2001-01-01

    Program Code\tProgram Title\tProgram Leader 40001001\tApplication of Caesium-137 Tracing Technique on the Wind Erosion\tYAN Ping 40001002\tSpatial Adjustment to Coordinate Regional Development and Environment Protection in the Liaohe Delta\tLI Xiuzhen 40001003\tHistorical Soil Erosion Changes of the Loess Plateau Inverted from Silt-accumulation in the Huanghe Alluvial Fan\tTAN Lihua 40001004\tOn the Study of Rock Cryogenic Weathering Processes and Mechanism in the Continental Periglacial Zone\tZHU Liping 40001005\tFeedback Mechanism Between the Near Surface Blown Sand Cloud and Wind Profiles\tDONG Zhibao 40001006\tDynamics of Regional and Urban Structure with High-speed Rail Effects\tXU Yilun 40001007\tResearch on Urban and Regional Governance of China's Urban Agglomeration Area-Case Study of Southern Jiangsu Region\tZHANG Jing-xiang 40001008\tStudies on Interpretation in Soil Remote Sensing Supported by Soil Spatial Variation and Landscape Modeling\tSHI Zhou 40001009\tStudy on the Physicochemical Property and Its Utilization Specification of Bentonite in North China\tMA Bei-yan 40001010\tEffects of Rewetting and Root Signal ABA on Root Hydraulic Conductivity of Wheat\tLI Yang-yang 40001011\tRock Weathering Induced by Lichens in Antarctica and Its Significance in Soil Genesis\tCHEN Jie 40001012\tStudy on the Inorganic Nanoparticles in Soils\tWU Jing-gui 40001013\tMechanism and Environmental Risk of Chelate Enhancement for Hyperaccumulator Remediation of Cu Polluted Soil\tWU Long-hua 40001014\tStudy on Hydraulics of Soil Erosion by Overland Flow\tZHANG Guang-hui 40001015\tInferring Snow Parameters Using Polarimetric and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Data\tLI Zhen 40001016\tThe Study of Spatio-temperal Model of Surface Slick Seeped from Offshore Oil and Gas Reservoirs\tHUANG Xiao-xia 40001017\tIntegration Method of Multitype Huge Spatial Database\tZHU Qing 40001018\tTIN Based Global Image Matching and Three Dimensional Surface Reconstruction\tJIANG Wan-shou

  9. The Economical Application of Non-Destructive Testing to Reactor Components, Especially Jacket Tubing; Avantages Economiques du Controle Non Destructif des Pieces de Reacteurs, Notamment des Tubes de Gainage; Ehkonomicheskoe primenenie nedestruktivnykh ispytanij dlya reaktornykh komponentov, v chastnosti obolochechnykh trub; Aplicacion en Condiciones Economicas de Ensayos No Destructivos a las Piezas de los Reactores, en Especial a los Tubos de Revestimiento

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Renken, C. J. [Metallurgy Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, IL (United States)

    1965-10-15

    ' primenenija jetih dvuh metodov, a takzhe perekryvaemaja imi oblast', gde poluchennye rezul'taty blagodarja horoshej konstrukcii i tochno rabotajushhemu oborudovaniju oboih vidov javljagtsja v znachitel'noj stepeni jekvivalentnymi. Lozhnye ukazanija na defekty vedut ne- posredstvenno k udorozhaniju komponentov, pojetomu kak pri ul'trazvukovom tak i pri jelektro- magnitnom metode uchityvaetsja celyj rjad obychno vstrechajushhihsja istochnikov signalov lozh- nyh defektov. Opyt po primeneniju jetih metodov v Argonnskoj nacional'noj laboratorii v otnoshenii sravnitel'no bol'shogo kolichestva sistem trub iz razlichnyh istochnikov iz- lagaetsja podrobno s tochki zrenija naimen'shih vozmozhnyh zatrat na proverku edinicy dliny trub. V nastojashhem razdele takzhe v kratce izlagaetsja opyt, priobretennyj v Argonne s pomoshh'ju samyh novyh metodov ispytanij jelektromagnitnoj pul'sacii. Obsuzhdaetsja kri- ticheskaja, no, kak pravilo, nezhelatel'naja rol' diametra trub i tolshhiny stenok v voprose zatrat pri obsledovanii trub. Poshol'ku vopros jekonomicheskogo obsledovanija neposred- stvenno svjazan s urovnjami dopustimyh defektov, zatragivaetsja takzhe vopros ob urovnjah defektov i standartah, ispol'zuemyh v Argonne. I, nakonec, perechisljajutsja prakticheskie i teoreticheskie bar'ery dlja snizhenija zatrat, svjazannyh s obsledovaniem komponentov, i ukazvajutsja perspektivy vozmozhnogo snizhenija rashodov, kotoryh mozhno dobit'sja v budu- shhem s pomoshh'ju ul'trazvukovyh i jelektromagnitnyh metodov ispytanij. (author)

  10. Excitation of Neutron Waves by Modulated And Pulsed Sources; Excitation d'Ondes Neutroniques au Moyen de Sources Modulees et Pulsees; Vozbuzhdenie nejtronnykh voln s pomoshch'yu modulirovannykh i impul'snykh istochnikov; Excitacion de Ondas Neutronicas Mediante Fuentes Moduladas y Pulsadas

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Perez, R. B.; Booth, R. S. [University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)

    1965-10-15

    jadernyh svojstvah, predstavljajushhih interes. Pri provedenii jeksperimentov v kachestve zamedlitelja ispol'zovali grafit. Ispol'zovali dva razlichnyh istochnika teplovyh nejtronov. V odnom sluchae nejtrony s jenergiej 14 Mjev, poluchennye s pomoshh'ju uskoritelja Kokrofta-Uoltona, byli termalizovany v bake, soderzhashhem neskol'ko sloev zheleza, svinca i grafita, pogruzhennyh v vodu. Pozdnee s po* moshh'ju imejushhegosja vo Floridskom universitete uskoritelja Van de Graafa moshhnost'ju 4 Mjev byli polucheny nejtrony s jenergiej 29 kjev iz reakcii ( Li -r) , kotorye byli termalizovany v neskol'kih djujmah parafina. V oboih sluchajah ionnye puchki mogli byt' sinusoidal'no modulirovannymi ili pul'sirujushhimi. Rezul'taty analiza Fur'e, provedennogo s medlennymi impul'sami, prekrasno soglasujutsja s rezul'tatami, poluchennymi pri sinusoidal'nom vozbuzhdenii voln. Issleduemye chastoty byli v diapazone ot nulja do 1200 gc. V rezul'tate aproksimacii jeksperimental'nyh dannyh sposobom naimen'shih kvadratov s primeneniem uravnenij (4) i (5) byli polucheny sledujushhie rezul'taty: B{sup (0)} = B{sup 2}{sub Up-Tack} + a{sub 1}/L{sub 0} = (6.6 {+-} 0.1) 10{sup -3} (cm{sup -2}) (4) B{sup (1)} = a{sub 2}/D{sub 0} = (4.38 {+-} 0.2) 10{sup -6} (cm{sup -2}) (5) B{sup (2)} = {Sigma}{sub {gamma}} H{sub 0{gamma}}/ Empty-Set {sub {gamma}{gamma}} = (2.5 {+-} 0.2) 10{sup -10} ({gamma} = 0, 1, 2, .....10) (6) B{sup 2}{sub Up-Tack} = poperechnyj laplasian (cm{sup -2}) = 5.96 x 10{sup -3} cm{sup -2} otnosjatsja k matrichnym jelementam diffuzionnyh i termalizacionnyh operatorov. S pomoshh'ju uravnenija (5) opredeleno, chto znachenie D{sub 0} = (2.2 {+-} 0.1) x 10{sup 5} cm{sup 2}/sek-l soglasuetsja s obychnymi izmerenijami impul'snyh nejtronov (5). Teoreticheskie raschety s ispol'zovaniem razlichnyh modelej jadra takzhe soglasujutsja s jeksperimental'nymi rezul'tatami. (author)

  11. Determination of Fallout Radionuclides in Environmental Samples by Gamma-Ray Spectrometry; Mesure Spectrometrique Gamma des Radionucleides de Retombee Presents dans des Echantillons du Millieu; Opredelenie radioizotopov radioaktivnykh osadkov v probakh iz okruzhayushchej sredy pri pomoshchi spektrometrii gamma-luchej; Determinacion, por Espectrometria Gamma, de los Radionuclidos de Precipitaciones en Muestras del Medio Ambiente

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ward, G. M.; Johnson, J. E.; Wilson, D. W. [Department of Animal Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO (United States)

    1965-10-15

    vremeni na universitetskoj ferme sobrali znachitel'noe kolichestvo prob iz okruzhajushhej sredy dlja izuchenija dvizhenija cezija-137 v znachitel'noj chasti pishhevoj ce- pochki cheloveka. Vse proby imeli maluju udel'nuju aktivnost', i izmerenija proizvodili pri pomoshhi spektrometricheskogo ustrojstva dlja gamma-luchej nizkogo urovnja, sostojashhego iz kristalla NaJ (T1) diametrom 8 i tolshhinoj 4 djujma, prichem jetot kristall byl zashhishhen ot fona stal'noj kameroj s tolshhinoj stenok 5 djujmov i soedinen s 400-kanal'nym anali- zatorom amplitudy impul'sov. Otschet nabivok vozdushnyh fil'trov i krupnyh prob ( 1kg) suhogo furazha, zerna i pometa krupnogo rogatog o skota proizvodili neposredstvenno v postojannoj geometrii. Proby osadkov koncentrirovali propuskaniem ih cherez kationo- obmennye kolonki, zapolnennye doveksom-50. Radioaktivnost' moloka, mjasa i mochi pod- schityvali v bol'shih kol'ceobraznyh kontejnerah iz ljucita. V moloke, mjase i moche ob- naruzhivajutsja v chisle gamma-izluchajushhih radioizotopov lish' cezij-137, kalij-40, jod-131, barij-140 i lantan-140, poskol'ku oni javljajutsja edinstvennymi produktami delenija, po- gloshhaemymi v znachitel'nyh kolichestvah. Pomimo jetogo, drugie proby soderzhali cezij-141, cezij-144, sur'mu-125, rutenij-103, rutenij-106, cirkonij-95, niobij-95 i marganec-54. V probah, sobrannyh v 1962 i 1963 godah, pri pomoshhi'gamma-spektrometrii udalos' oprede- lenno obnaruzhit' lish' cirk{sup n}ij-95 i niobij-95 vvidu ih otnositel'nogo obilija; jeto bylo prodelano priblizitel'no za 6 mesjacev posle sbora prob. Fotopiki cezija-137, marganca-54 i sur'my-125 byli sovershenno rasplyvchatymi, a radioizotopy bolee malyh jenergij (cezij-141, cezij-144 i rutenij-103) imeli znachitel'nye komptonovskie vklady ot radio- izotopov bolee vysokih jenergij. Pri nedostatochno jasnyh fotopikah posledovatel'noe vydelenie produktov delenija iz spektrov ne javljaetsja nadezhnym. Kogda vlijanie drugih radioizotopov delaet nevozmozhnym

  12. Use of Short-Lived Radioisotopes to Determine Impurities in Aluminium, Iron and Zirconium of Very High Purity; Dosages d'Elements par leurs Radioisotopes de Periodes Courtes Dans l'Analyse de Valuminium, du Fer et du Zirconium de Tres Hautes Puretes; ДОЗИРОВКА ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ С ПОМОЩЬЮ КОРОТКОЖИВУЩИХ РАДИОИЗОТОПОВ ПРИ АНАЛИЗЕ АЛХМИНИЯ, ЖЕЛЕЗА И ЦИРКОНИЯ ОЧЕНЬ ВЫСОКОЙ ЧИСТОТЫ; Determinacion Cuantitativa de Radioisotopos de Periodo Corto en los Analisis de Aluminio, Hierro y Circonio de Alta Pureza

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Albert, Ph.; Deyris, M.; Deschamps, N.; Fournet, L. [Centre d' Etudes de Chimie Metallurgique, Vitry (France)

    1963-03-15

    , aljuminij i magnij na odnu probu dlja analiza (sluchaj s analizom zheleza i cirkonija). My byli vynuzhdeny provesti otdelenie na 'neizvestnom nositele' do obluchenija libo po prichine dlitel'nosti i trudnosti otdelenija himicheskim putem primesej zheleza i cirkonija (naprimer), libo vvidu ochen' sil'noj radioaktivnosti issleduemogo metalla v techenie neskol'kih minut posle obluchenija (v sluchae s aljuminiem). Sleduet otmetit', chto nam udalos' prispektrometrii provesti dozirovanie bez vydelenija koncentracij v 0,6 * 10{sup -6} vanadija i v 2 * 10{sup -6} e aljuminija v chistom zheleze idi chistom cirkonii, obluchennyh v techenie 30 sek v potoke 5 * 10{sup 12}n/cm{sup 2} * sek. Predvaritel'nye vydelenija pri obluchenii neobhodimy dlja poluchenija samyh bol'shih chuvstvitel'nostej, a takzhe v sluchae s metallami znachitel'no men'shej chistoty. V nashem doklade my raskroem vazhnyj vklad, kotoryj vnositsja kolichestvennym analizom s pomoshh'ju korotkozhivushhih radioizotopov (ot 2,4 min do 4,6 chas) v opredelenie stepeni chistoty nashih obrazcov. (author)

  13. Mass-Spectrometric Investigations of Isotopic Exchange Reactions of Gaseous Hydrocarbon Ions; Recherches, par Spectrometrie de Masse, sur les Echanges Isotopiques des Ions d'Hydrocarbures Gazeux; Mass-spektrometricheskie issledovaniya reaktsij izotopnogo obmena ionov gazoobraznogo uglevodoroda; Estudio del Intercambio Isotopico de Iones Hidrocarburo Gaseosos por Espectrometria de Masas

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wexler, S. [Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL (United States)

    1965-10-15

    , dvumja ili tremja atomami vodoroda, zameshhennymi bolee tjazhelym izotopom. Sootvetstvie krivyh vneshnih potencialov i krivyh jeffektivnosti ionizacii javilos' dal'nejshim dokazatel'stvom togo, chto D{sub 2}{sup +} i CH{sub 3}{sup +} javljajutsja pervichnymi predshestvennikami ionov dejterizovannogo jetila. Uvelichenija kojefficientov intensivnosti C{sub 2}H{sub 4}D{sup +}/C{sub 2}H{sub 5}{sup +}, C{sub 2}H{sub 3}D{sub 2}{sup +}/C{sub 2}H{sub 5}{sup +}, nabljudaemye pri uvelichenii koncentracii dejterija (pri postojannom davlenii CH{sub 4}), dajut osnovanie predpolagat', chto vidy izotopnogo obmena poluchajutsja s pomoshh'ju mehanizma, svjazannogo s posledovatel'nymi iono-molekuljarnymi reakcijami, kotorye po krajnej mere na odin kineticheskij porjadok vyshe v koncentracii D{sub 2}, chem dlja obrazovanija C{sub 2}H{sub 5}{sup +}. Jeto soglasuetsja s analizom vozmozhnyh putej protekanija reakcii, chto privodit k vyvodu, chto dejtirizovannye vidy javljajutsja produktami reakcij kak pervogo, tak i vtorogo porjadka v D{sub 2} i chto C{sub 2}H{sub 5}{sup +} obrazuetsja v rezul'tate ionnyh reakcij s zavisimostjami kak pervogo, tak i nulevogo porjadka ot koncentracii dejterija. Kineticheskie skorosti reakcij izotopnogo obmena CH{sub 3}{sup +} + D{sub 2} ( North-East-Arrow CH{sub 2}D{sup +} + DH); ( South-East-Arrow CHD{sub 2}{sup +} + H{sub 2}; D{sub 2}{sup +} + CH{sub 4} ( North-East-Arrow CH{sub 2}D{sup +} + H + DH); ( South-East-Arrow CHD{sub 2}{sup +} + H + H{sub 2}) otvechajushhih za bystroe sokrashhenie pervichnyh vidov pri dobavlenii protivopolozhnogo komponenta, dolzhny nahodit'sja v predelah porjadka velichiny skorostej sootvetstvujushhih konkurirujushhih reakcij: CH{sub 3}{sup +} + CH{sub 4} -> C{sub 2}H{sub 5}{sup +} + H{sub 2}; D{sub 2}{sup +} + D{sub 2} --> D{sub 3}{sup +} + D dlja kotoryh byli izmereny poperechnye sechenija, ravnye 27 x 10{sup -16} i 56 x 10{sup -16} cm{sup 2}/molekula sootvetstvenno. Jeti poperechnye sechenija sootvetstvujut konstantam ochen' bol'shih

  14. Poster Session B

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-01-01

    Freidrich, Sean Thomas, Gregor Krings, Michael Lopez, Marena Trinidad, Barbara Panning, Al Burlingame University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA SOX2 is a versatile transcription factor that maintains embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency and self-renewal, and is important for proper lineage specification and adult stem cell maintenance. This versatility is likely due to post-translational modifications (PTMs) as SOX2 has been reported to be modified by numerous chemical moieties in a variety of cell types. One such PTM is O-GlcNAc, the dynamic and regulatory glycosylation of intracellular proteins. Global O-GlcNAc is essential for ESC self-renewal though the function of SOX2 O-GlcNAcylation in ESC is not understood. Here, we show that SOX2 is O-GlcNAc modified in the transactivation domain and alterations of self-renewing signals induce changes in SOX2 O-GlcNAc stoichiometry. Replacement of wild-type SOX2 with an O-GlcNAc-deficient mutant SOX2 in ESCs increases the pluripotency transcriptional network while down-regulating genes involved in differentiation. Analysis of SOX2-interacting proteins from ESCs revealed that the WT and mutant SOX2 interact with distinct subsets of transcriptional regulatory complexes. Thus, SOX2 O-GlcNAcylation modulates the transcriptional landscape of ESCs by modulating SOX2 activity and interactions with epigenetic regulatory complexes. B.12 Development of Multiplexed Assays for Oral Cancer Biomarker Verification by Peptide Immunoaffinity Enrichment and Targeted Mass Spectrometry Yung-Chin Hsiao1, Lang-Ming Chi2, Kun-Yi Chien1, Yi-Ting Chen1, Yu-Sun Chang1, Jau-Song Yu1 1Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; 2Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan Oral cancer, one of the common cancers in Taiwan and other areas of Southern Asia, has become an increasing burden on the health care system in this region. Although numerous potential oral cancer biomarkers have been discovered in the past decades, very few of them have been

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