Information as signs: A semiotic analysis of the information concept, determining it's ontological and epistemological commitments

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thellefsen, Martin Muderspach; Thellefsen, Torkild Leo; Sørensen, Bent

2018-01-01

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to formulate an analytical framework for the information concept based on the semiotic theory. Design/methodology/approach The paper is motivated by the apparent controversy that still surrounds the information concept. Information, being a key concept within...... LIS, suffers from being anchored in various incompatible theories. The paper suggests that information is signs, and it demonstrates how the concept of information can be understood within C.S. Peirce’s phenomenologically rooted semiotic. Hence, from there, certain ontological conditions as well...... epistemological consequences of the information concept can be deduced. Findings The paper argues that an understanding of information, as either objective or subjective/discursive, leads to either objective reductionism and signal processing, that fails to explain how information becomes meaningful at all...

The semiotics of gender.

Science.gov (United States)

Van Buren, J

1992-01-01

The semiotics of gender are investigated in this article for the purpose of exploring the way that deep unconscious motives in relationship to cultural biases give rise to gender concepts. Theories of semiotic processes, including Jacques Lacan's concept of the psychoanalytic signifier, are explained briefly and applied to the signs of gender. The article concludes that gender concepts develop out of biology, unconscious feelings, and social patterning, and are not given, natural, and irrevocable.

Cellular semiotics and signal transduction

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bruni, Luis Emilio

2007-01-01

Semiosis, the processes of production, communication and interpretation of signs - coding and de-coding - takes place within and between organisms. The term "endosemiosis" refers to the processes of interpretation and sign transmission inside an organism (as opposed to "exosemiosis", which refers...... to the processes of sign interpretation and transmission between organisms of the same or different species). In Biosemiotics it is customary to recognise the cell as the most elementary integration unit for semiosis. Therefore intra and intercellular communication constitute the departure point for the study...... considering semiotic logic in order to construct our understanding of living phenomena. Given the central integrating role of signal transduction in physiological and ecological studies, this chapter outlines its semiotic implications. The multi-modality and modularity of signal molecules and relative...

Marketing and semiotic approach on communication. Consequences on knowledge of target-audiences.

Science.gov (United States)

Borţun, D; Purcarea, V L

2013-03-15

Modern marketing puts the consumer and not the manufacturer in the center, the essence of the marketing approach being the conception, the projection and the making of the product, starting from the consumer towards the manufacturer; this resulting in the fact that the product's marketing approach seems strikingly similar to the semiotic approach of the message. In the semiotic approach, the message is a construction of signs, which, by interacting with the receiver, produces the meaning. The transmitter (the message transmitter) becomes less important. The focus is centered to the "text" and the way this is "read", the sense being born when the "reader" negotiates the "text". The negotiation takes place when the "reader" filtrates the message through the sieve of his cultural loading. A "target public" is a group which is specific to a certain Cultural Loading, a loading which deals with linguistic, logical, psychological and symbolic structures, which get out to meet the message and "negotiates" with the structures similar to it. When we are thinking in terms of the semiotic approach, we are handling the cultural determinism of communication, using the concepts of Kuhn and Gonseth (paradigm and referential). They open a new path in the market research, in the market segmentation and knowledge of the "target audiences".

Peirce and Rationalism: Is Peirce a Fully Semiotic Philosopher?

Science.gov (United States)

Stables, Andrew

2014-01-01

While Peirce is a seminal figure for contemporary semiotic philosophers, it is axiomatic of a fully semiotic perspective that no philosopher or philosophy (semiotics included) can provide any final answer, as signs are always interpreted and the context of interpretation always varies. Semiosis is evolutionary: it may or may not be construed as…

Semiotic-conceptual analysis: a proposal

Science.gov (United States)

Priss, Uta

2017-07-01

This paper provides the basic definitions of Semiotic-conceptual analysis (SCA), which is a mathematical modelling of signs as elements of a triadic relation. FCA concept lattices are constructed for each of the three sign components. It is demonstrated how core linguistic and semiotic notions (such as synonymy and icon) can be represented with SCA. While the usefulness of SCA has already been demonstrated in a number of applications and several propositions are proven in this paper, there are still many open questions as to what to do next with SCA. Therefore, this paper is meant as a proposal and encouragement for further development.

Semiotics and the placebo effect.

Science.gov (United States)

Miller, Franklin G; Colloca, Luana

2010-01-01

Despite substantial progress in elucidating its neurobiological mechanisms, theoretical understanding of the placebo effect is poorly developed. Application of the semiotic theory developed by the American philosopher Charles Peirce offers a promising account of placebo effects as involving the apprehension and response to signs. The semiotic approach dovetails with the various psychological mechanisms invoked to account for placebo effects, such as conditioning and expectation, and bridges the biological and cultural dimensions of this fascinating phenomenon.

SEMIOTICS- INTEGRAL PART OF THE ECONOMIC HERMENEUTICS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ANDA- LAURA LUNGU

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Although a social science, economy makes use of the tools of numbers and precise data. Should we not include semiotics in the theory of economic interpretation, the axiomatization of the economic science would be impossible and furthermore the capitalization of the advantages of artificial intelligence that eliminates the inconveniences of equivocal meanings and inflation of words would be useless. Interpretation is an endeavor that implies decoding the hidden meaning of the manifestation of economic processes and phenomena. Semantics and pragmatics – by abstracting and axiomatization – help us overcome the intuition limitations’ in the process of interpretation. Our hypothesis is the human existence develops in an universe of signals and signs whom knowledge, interpretation and use conditions the action of society, groups and single human beings. Our main objective is to prove that in order to grasp the meanings of evolution one needs to understand the meaning of signs. We conclude by suggesting a semiotic symbology that includes all its subcategory: the relations between signs, studied by syntax; the relation between signs and object, the field of semantics; the relation between signs and the subjects (interpreters that use them, meaning pragmatics. The finality is to strengthen the concept of hermeneutic economics by including semiotics in its action field

The signs we live by - The relationship between semiotics and psychology

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Smythe, WE; Jorna, RJ

1998-01-01

In our introduction to this special issue on semiotics and psychology, we outline the background and motivation for this project, preview the main themes addressed by the seven contributions, and draw some conclusions about the mutual relevance of psychology and semiotics for each other. Our motives

A Semiotic Approach to Food and Ethics in Everyday Life

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Coff, Christian

2013-01-01

The aim of this paper is to explore how food can be analysed in terms of signs and codes of everyday life, and especially how food can be used to express ethical concerns. The paper investigates the potential of a semiotic conceptual analysis: How can the semiotic approach be used to analyse...... expressions of ethics and food ethics in everyday life? The intention is to explore from a theoretical point of view and with constructed cases, how semiotics can be used to analyse the role of food as an expression of ethics in everyday life among families, friends and colleagues: How do foodstuffs function...... as signs of ethics in everyday life? How is food used to send signals about care and concern? How are the signs of food ethics perceived? It is concluded that analysing ethical considerations with respect to food with the help of the semiotic model can show us perspectives that otherwise would be difficult...

The Forbidden Signs

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kilstrup, Mogens

2016-01-01

While the field of semiotics has been active since it was started by Peirce, it appears like the last decade has been especially productive with a number of important new concepts being developed within the biosemiotics community. The novel concept of the Semiotic scaffold by Hoffmeyer is an impo......While the field of semiotics has been active since it was started by Peirce, it appears like the last decade has been especially productive with a number of important new concepts being developed within the biosemiotics community. The novel concept of the Semiotic scaffold by Hoffmeyer...... is an important addition that offers insight into the hardware requirements for bio-semiosis. As any type of semiosis must be dependent upon Semiotic scaffolds, I recently argued that the process of semiosis has to be divided into two separate processes of sign establishment and sign interpretation....... I also show that biological semiosis offers examples of forbidden signs, where the faulty interpretation of signs may lead to decimation of whole evolutionary lines of organisms. A new concept of Evolutionary memory which is applicable to both human and biological semiosis is explained...

Psychological Functions of Semiotic Borders in Sense-Making: Liminality of Narrative Processes.

Science.gov (United States)

De Luca Picione, Raffaele; Valsiner, Jaan

2017-08-01

In this paper we discuss the semiotic functions of the psychological borders that structure the flow of narrative processes. Each narration is always a contextual, situated and contingent process of sensemaking, made possible by the creation of borders, such as dynamic semiotic devices that are capable of connecting the past and the future, the inside and the outside, and the me with the non-me. Borders enable us to narratively construct one's own experiences using three inherent processes: contextualization, intersubjective positioning and setting of pertinence. The narrative process - as a subjective articulation of signs in a contingent social context - involves several functions of semiotic borders: separation, differentiation, distinction-making, connection, articulation and relation-enabling. The relevant psychological aspect highlighted here is that a border is a semiotic device which is required for both maintaining stability and inducing transformation at the same time. The peculiar dynamics and the semiotic structure of borders generate a liminal space, which is characterized by instability, by a blurred space-time distinction and by ambiguities in the semantic and syntactic processes of sensemaking. The psychological processes that occur in liminal space are strongly affectively loaded, yet it is exactly the setting and activation of liminality processes that lead to novelty and creativity and enable the creation of new narrative forms.

Marketing and semiotic approach on communication. Consequences on knowledge of target-audiences

Science.gov (United States)

Borţun, D; Purcarea, VL

2013-01-01

Modern marketing puts the consumer and not the manufacturer in the center, the essence of the marketing approach being the conception, the projection and the making of the product, starting from the consumer towards the manufacturer; this resulting in the fact that the product’s marketing approach seems strikingly similar to the semiotic approach of the message. In the semiotic approach, the message is a construction of signs, which, by interacting with the receiver, produces the meaning. The transmitter (the message transmitter) becomes less important. The focus is centered to the „text" and the way this is „read", the sense being born when the „reader" negotiates the „text". The negotiation takes place when the „reader" filtrates the message through the sieve of his cultural loading. A „target public" is a group which is specific to a certain Cultural Loading, a loading which deals with linguistic, logical, psychological and symbolic structures, which get out to meet the message and „negotiates" with the structures similar to it. When we are thinking in terms of the semiotic approach, we are handling the cultural determinism of communication, using the concepts of Kuhn and Gonseth (paradigm and referential). They open a new path in the market research, in the market segmentation and knowledge of the „target audiences". PMID:23610591

Semiotic Analysis Of Mcdonald's Printed Advertisement

OpenAIRE

URAIDA, SITI

2014-01-01

Keywords: Semiotic, printed advertisement, sign, icon, symbol, index, connotation, myth Printed advertisement has a promotional function as medium to advertise aproduct. It implicitly persuades people to create demand of product which is being advertised. In this study, the writer uses printed advertisement of McDonald's fast food company as the object. The printed advertisement was analyzed by usingSemiotics study. There are seven printed advertisements that were analyzes in this study. All ...

Why Is the Learning of Elementary Arithmetic Concepts Difficult? Semiotic Tools for Understanding the Nature of Mathematical Objects

Science.gov (United States)

Godino, Juan D.; Font, Vicenc; Wilhelmi, Miguel R.; Lurduy, Orlando

2011-01-01

The semiotic approach to mathematics education introduces the notion of "semiotic system" as a tool to describe mathematical activity. The semiotic system is formed by the set of signs, the production rules of signs and the underlying meaning structures. In this paper, we present the notions of system of practices and configuration of objects and…

A sign-theoretic approach to biotechnology

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bruni, Luis Emilio

” semiotic networks across hierarchical levels and for relating the different emergent codes in living systems. I consider this an important part of the work because there I define some of the main concepts that will help me to analyse different codes and semiotic processes in living systems in order...... to exemplify what is the relevance of a sign-theoretic approach to biotechnology. In particular, I introduce the notion of digital-analogical consensus as a semiotic pattern for the creation of complex logical products that constitute specific signs. The chapter ends with some examples of conspicuous semiotic...... to exemplify how a semiotic approach can be of help when organising the knowledge that can lead us to understanding the relevance, the role and the position of signal transduction networks in relation to the larger semiotic networks in which they function, i.e.: in the hierarchical formal processes of mapping...

The semiotics of medical image Segmentation.

Science.gov (United States)

Baxter, John S H; Gibson, Eli; Eagleson, Roy; Peters, Terry M

2018-02-01

As the interaction between clinicians and computational processes increases in complexity, more nuanced mechanisms are required to describe how their communication is mediated. Medical image segmentation in particular affords a large number of distinct loci for interaction which can act on a deep, knowledge-driven level which complicates the naive interpretation of the computer as a symbol processing machine. Using the perspective of the computer as dialogue partner, we can motivate the semiotic understanding of medical image segmentation. Taking advantage of Peircean semiotic traditions and new philosophical inquiry into the structure and quality of metaphors, we can construct a unified framework for the interpretation of medical image segmentation as a sign exchange in which each sign acts as an interface metaphor. This allows for a notion of finite semiosis, described through a schematic medium, that can rigorously describe how clinicians and computers interpret the signs mediating their interaction. Altogether, this framework provides a unified approach to the understanding and development of medical image segmentation interfaces. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Medical semiotics; its influence on art, psychoanalysis and Sherlock Holmes.

Science.gov (United States)

Moore-McCann, Brenda

2016-11-01

Semiotics is the analysis and interpretation of signs and the basis of medicine since antiquity. It is suggested that the growth of technology has led to the virtual eclipse of the clinical examination with consequent loss of skill, empathy and patient trust. This paper views the value of medical semiotics through the method of the 19th century Italian doctor, Giovanni Morelli, which has had a significant but little recognised impact on the early development of psychoanalysis, the detective novel and art connoisseurship. Semiotics and, specifically, the linguistic semiotics of Ferdinand Saussure have been influential in the fields of the visual arts, literature and the social sciences since the 20th century. With its roots in the medical treatises of antiquity, medical semiotics should again be brought to the forefront of medical practice. © The Author(s) 2014.

SEMIOTICS OF SOCIAL MEMORY IN URBAN SPACE: THE CASE OF VOLGOGRAD (STALINGRAD

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Irina Yanushkevich

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Social memory as a kind of collective memory is connected with the strategies and practices of perpetuating the memory about important events, and city as a commemorative space can be seen as a sign and as a text. The semiotic means encoding social phenomena and events represent the system of denotation, while the ways of place naming represent the culturally conditioned system of connotation operating behind the denotation code. The semiotics of social memory was examined by the example of the city of Volgograd (Stalingrad, the landscape of which appeals to a most significant historical event – the Great Patriotic War (World War II – and can be conveniently described by means of Ch. S. Peirce’s classification of signs in which icons include signs denoting war heroes and represented by their sculptural images; indices include signs denoting artifacts associated with the war events; symbols are represented by toponymic signs characterized by the connotations of heroic deeds; all these signs representing cultural and political values specific for the Volgograd society. The semiotic density of social memory representation may be considered a ground for shaping the city’s ‘imagined community’[1] of a particular kind.  [1] The term suggested by B. Anderson (Anderson 1983.

Semiotic Structure and Meaning Making: The Performance of English Language Learners on Mathematics Tests

Science.gov (United States)

Solano-Flores, Guillermo; Barnett-Clarke, Carne; Kachchaf, Rachel R.

2013-01-01

We examined the performance of English language learners (ELLs) and non-ELLs on Grade 4 and Grade 5 mathematics content knowledge (CK) and academic language (AL) tests. CK and AL items had different semiotic loads (numbers of different types of semiotic features) and different semiotic structures (relative frequencies of different semiotic…

Multilingual and social semiotic perspectives on literacy learning and teaching

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Laursen, Helle Pia

to the complex processes involved in biliterate meaning making and script learning. Multilingual and social semiotic perspectives on literacy learning and teaching – summaryOn the basis of data from the longitudinal study Signs of Language, I focus on how a social semiotic perspective on literacy learning...... and teaching can contribute to expanding the conceptualization of literacy to be more sensitive to the complex processes involved in biliterate meaning making and script learning.......Multilingual and social semiotic perspectives on literacy learning and teaching – abstract In the context of an increasing multilingualism, literacy teaching has become a central and contested issue in public and political debate. International comparisons of levels of literacy have been...

Semiotic Analysis of the Auspicious Images of a Taiwanese Folk Religion Temple

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chao-Ming Yang

2016-05-01

Full Text Available In Taiwan, temples were decorated with painted and sculptured auspicious images that promote the communication between worshippers and deities. In this study, we adopted grounded theory and ethnography with applied semiotic theory to analysis the semiotic meanings of the auspicious images of Taiwanese folk religion temple, identify the semiotic characteristics of the images, and summarize the signs associated with the images. A total of 126 image samples were collected from field study, and the KJ method was subsequently performed to categorize and analyze the samples. Finally, some significant findings were obtained, the functional aspects of the aforementioned images mostly belong to the categories of symbol and homonymy, whereas their mental aspects belong to the categories of psychological and physiological requirements. In sum, humans perceive the world through signs and that human life is the semiotization of the world, although Eastern and Western cultures are characteristically different, they share much similarity in communication methods. The findings of this study can foster the understanding of the truth, goodness, and beauty of the architectural decoration of temples in Taiwan and the modesty, hospitality, generosity, and religiosity of Taiwanese society.

Down Deep in the Dark: A Semiotic Approach to Edgar Allan Poe’s the Black Cat

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abdul Karim Lazim

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Semiotics is the investigation of the nature, type and function of signs in all walks of life. It is the science of interpreting signs and showing how meaning is generated by and through a shared cultural code.  Being a verbal corpus of imaginatively works of art, literature with all its genres, i.e. poetry, drama, fiction, the short story, etc. lends itself to semiotics scrutiny. Verbal works of artifact as such can be analyzed in terms of semiotic theory. This paper purports to explore Edgar Allan Poe’ The Black Cat as a structure of interconnected signs which are organically rooted into the code of horror. If culture, in one sense, is the complex network of beliefs, behaviors and patterns of thinking, these psychopathic cognitive patterns are wittingly structured in the semiotic system of Poe’s narrative work of art. The study proceeds with the hypothesis that Poe’s The Black Cat is a semiotic metaphor or a representation of the actual world of insanity which is resulted from obsession in things. The short story is analyzed in terms of the newly semiotic approach, namely The Semiotic triangle. This tripartite model is a three-dimensional model whose axes are: syntagmaticity, paradigmaticity and signification. The dimensions are supposed to be the foundations of the construction of Poe’s literary text. One result of the study has shown that fear is not an organic human nature in The Black Cat, but a newly born behavior which has led to a serial of crimes committed by the unnamed author. This abnormal behaviorism is encoded in the semiotic veins of Poe’s newly literary genre, i.e. the narratology of horror. The scope of the study is limited to Poe’s The Black Cat as a par excellent narrative work of that creative genre. The paper is rounded up with concluding remarks elicited from the semiotic analysis.

Mathematical marriages: intercourse between mathematics and Semiotic choice.

Science.gov (United States)

Wagner, Roy

2009-04-01

This paper examines the interaction between Semiotic choices and the presentation and solution of a family of contemporary mathematical problems centred around the so-called 'stable marriage problem'. I investigate how a socially restrictive choice of signs impacts mathematical production both in terms of problem formation and of solutions. I further note how the choice of gendered language ends up constructing a reality, which duplicates the very structural framework that it imported into mathematical analysis in the first place. I go on to point out some semiotic lines of flight from this interlocking grip of mathematics and gendered language.

Semiotic scaffolding

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hoffmeyer, Jesper

2015-01-01

Life processes at all levels (from the genetic to the behavioral) are coordinated by semiotic interactions between cells, tissues, membranes, organs, or individuals and tuned through evolution to stabilize important functions. A stabilizing dynamics based on a system of semiotic scaffoldings impl...... semiotic scaffolding is not, of course, exclusive for phylogenetic and ontogenetic development, it is also an important dynamical element in cultural evolution.......Life processes at all levels (from the genetic to the behavioral) are coordinated by semiotic interactions between cells, tissues, membranes, organs, or individuals and tuned through evolution to stabilize important functions. A stabilizing dynamics based on a system of semiotic scaffoldings...... (the representamen) and the effect. Semiotic interaction patterns therefore provide fast and versatile mechanisms for adaptations, mechanisms that depend on communication and “learning” rather than on genetic preformation. Seen as a stabilizing agency supporting the emergence of higher-order structure...

A Semiotic Note on Branding

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thellefsen, Leo Torkild; Andersen, Christian; Sørensen, Bent

2008-01-01

This paper investigates how the pragmatic semiotics of C.S. Peirce can be used as a way of analyzing brands as signs, containing emotional elements that can establish brand communities and branding as the process of establishing brand communities. During the branding process the values, which we...... call the supra symbolic layer of the brand and the specific artifact merge into a statement or a sign. We discuss the fragility of such brand communities, how we are able to participate in brand communities through our use of the particular brand, and how we are quickly able to leave such communities...... when we change brands....

Investigating Meaning in Experimental Semiotics

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberts Gareth

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Experimental semiotics is a new discipline developed over the last decade to study human communication. Studies within this discipline typically involve people creating novel signs by associating signals with meanings. Here we suggest ways this discipline can be used to shed light on how people create and communicate meaning. First we present observations drawn from studies in which participants not only construct novel signals, but also have considerable freedom over what these signals refer to. These studies offer intriguing insight on non-saussurian signs (where a single unit of meaning is associated with different signals, communicative egocentricity, private and public meaning, and the distinction between meaningful and meaningless units in linguistic structure, that is between morphemes and phonemes (or analogous entities. We then present a novel quantitative approach to determining the extent to which a signal unit is meaningful, and illustrate its use with data from a study in which participants construct signals to refer to predetermined meanings. Aside from these specific contributions, we show more generally how challenging investigating meaning in Experimental Semiotics is, but we argue that this reflects the difficulties we must face when studying meaning, outside the lab as well as in it.

Signs of political economy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bernard Lamizet

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Like any political system, economy is a system of signs and representations. The Semiotics of economy elaborates its analytical methods to interpret such signs, which give meaning to the economy by representing its performances in public debate and in the media. Four major features distinguish the Semiotics of political economy from other semiotic forms or other systems of information and political representation. First of all, the relationship between the signification of the economy and the real or the imaginary phenomena to which they refer always pertains to the order of values. The second characteristic of economic signs is the significance of the state of lack they express. The third characteristic of signs of the economy is the form of sign production, which can be designated by the concept of emission of signs and their diffusion. Finally, as all signs, the economic sign is arbitrary. In the field of Economics, such arbitrariness does not imply that the Subject is free to superimpose whatever value to the signs themselves, but refers to the rupture between the world and its possible transformation. The very meaning of the word economy is here at stake. Oikos, in Greek (the term from which the word economy is derived refers to a known, familiar space. Economy transforms the real, natural world into a symbolic social world, into a world of relations with others whom we recognise and whose actions are relatively predictable. It might be useful to consider the contemporary issue of debt, its implications and its multiple meanings, which includes both the ethical and moral dimension of the condemnation of debt as well as the imaginary political dimension based on the expression of an idea of independence.

Semiotic technology and practice

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zhao, Sumin; Djonov, Emilia; van Leeuwen, Theo

2014-01-01

for discourse analysis and social semiotic research, focusing especially on the need to step away from the notion of text and to develop a holistic, non-logocentric, and adaptive multimodal approach to researching semiotic technologies. Using PowerPoint as a case study, this article takes a step toward...... developing a social semiotic multimodal theory of the relation between semiotic technologies, or technologies for making meaning, and semiotic practices....

Intelligent systems: A semiotic perspective. Volume I: Theoretical semiotics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Albus, J.; Meystel, A.; Quintero, R.

1996-12-31

This report contains the papers from the Proceedings of the 1996 International Multidisciplinary Conference - Theoretical Semiotics. General topics covered are: semiotic in biology: biologically inspired complex systems; intelligence in constructed complex systems; intelligence of learning and evolution; fuzzy logic and the mechanisms of generalization; information representation for decision making; sematic foundations; syntactics of intelligent systems: the kind of logic available; intelligence of recognition: the semiotic tools; and multiresolutional methods.

Image understanding in terms of semiotics

Science.gov (United States)

Zakharko, E.; Kaminsky, Roman M.; Shpytko, V.

1995-06-01

Human perception of pictorial visual information is investigated from iconical sign view-point and appropriate semiotical model is discussed. Image construction (syntactics) is analyzed as a complex hierarchical system and various types of pictorial objects, their relations, regular configurations are represented, studied, and modeled. Relations between image syntactics, its semantics, and pragmatics is investigated. Research results application to the problems of thematic interpretation of Earth surface remote imgages is illustrated.

A Goddess for semiotics of law and legal discourse

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jan M. Broekman

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The work of the great American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914 becomes more and more appreciated beyond the boundaries of his pragmatism, a philosophical mainstream he founded in the early 20th century. This essay is inspired by five points of interest, all of which focus on law and legal discourse. Firstly, one should acknowledge that his proposal pertaining to a general theory of signs, which he called ‘semeiotics’ around 1860, leads to an untraditional and in-depth understanding of legal discourse: in essence, of law as a system of specific meanings and signs. Semiotics in general became a substantial part of his ‘evolutionary cosmology,’ an all-embracing approach to tackle classical and modern philosophical issues. Secondly, his anthropological intuition based on semiotics, (concentrated in the formula ‘man is a sign’ became important for our understanding of a human subject’s position in law, as author of a legal discourse as well as an individual subjected to law. Thirdly, the tensions between chance and continuity in legal discourse are of focal interest for the creation of legal meaning in law’s practices. Novelty, Peirce suggested in this context, occurs by the grace of chance rather than of continuity and fixed traditions. Fourthly, Roberta Kevelson (1931-1998 explored and expanded the field of legal semiotics on the basis of the works of Peirce. In doing so, she established an American tradition of legal semiotics distinct from a European tradition, which related more to linguists, psychologists and philosophers embracing structuralism. Fifthly, Tyche, the Ancient Goddess of fate and fortune, is because of Peirce’s references more at home in the US legal semiotic tradition. Her fame and influence reaches beyond law and became supported by recent archaeological discoveries, publications and exhibitions, which not only provide information about her background, but also underline her possible influence on

Semiotics and Cartomancy: Tartu-Moscow Semiotic School Legacy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mattia Thibault

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to reconstruct the fortune of the semiotic analysis of cartomancy, considered as a proper semiotic system, focusing in particular on the point of view of Tartu-Moscow School of Semiotics (TMS. TMS, founded by the renowned semiotician Yuri Lotman, offers one of the most interesting semiotic approaches to culture and communication yet is still partially ignored in the West with the exception, of course, of its founder. Many TMS scholars approached cartomancy not only as an interesting cultural phenomenon but as a case study allowing them to test analytic tools that fit for many different forms of communication. Cartomancy is, at the same time, a quite simple semiotic system and a very sophisticated cultural phenomenon; this makes it a very useful object of study, allowing us to manipulate an entire (and rich language while looking for the basic workings of all kinds of communication. The article will show how TMS analysis of cartomancy has already been quite productive and has had a few entails as well as how these analyses could help us to reach a better understanding of play, which is one of the biggest challenges that communication studies are facing today.

BETWEEN NATURE AND CULTURE: LÉVI- STRAUSS’S STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MYTH IN THE LIGHT OF SEMIOTICS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tatiana Jankowska

2014-04-01

Full Text Available This article presents the influence of Claude Lévi-Strauss’s research in the field of cultural antro­pology on the guidelines and concepts of semiotics. Much empirical research in semiotics, connected with different systems of signs and revealing their functions in archaic human cultures, has been con­ducted on the ground of structural analysis. They are connected, among other things, with different cultures and societies, diversified both spatially and temporally. Thus, the integrating role of myth, as well as its uniting functions in the case of the organization of an individual consciousness, have a primeval modeling impact on the semiotic systems. According to Lévi-Strauss, there is a certain regu­larity of behaviors that stand for the mechanism of human symbolic communication. This regularity exists as an extention of the theory of signs that was previously worked out in the fields of structural linguistics and semiology. Lévi-Strauss’s theory concerns the collective unconscious of “the human mind” and is devoted to the unconscious nature of cultural phenomena, with a focus on searching for universal rules of thinking that are appropriate to all human minds. The subject of semiotics is a group of sign systems developed in different cultures. A cultural text presents a certain model of the world that we read using codes. The system of mythologi­cal signs reveals the cosmological concept of reality with relation to the mythopoetic view of the world.

Medically unexplained physical symptoms, misunderstood and wrongly treated? A semiotic perspective on chronic pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Busvold, Kari Irene H; Bondevik, Hilde

2018-06-01

Medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) are a significant and increasing health issue in the western world. Chronic pain constitutes a considerable element of these symptoms, and the lack of a biomedical explanation of their cause challenges the clinical encounter. The limitations of biomedicine become evident in these encounters and expose the need for an expanded understanding of body and symptom. Semiotics, as an anti-dualistic meta-theory, closes the gap between natural science and the humanities and views the human body in an evolutionary and existential perspective. By focusing on interpretation and communication of signs as ongoing processes at all levels of life, biology and experience, the subjective and the measurable will be integrated. A special type of sign, the self-referential, is part of the body's internal communication. These signs may be viewed as the body's warnings to itself, for instance when the individual's consciousness, thought and action run counter to the organism's physiological and psychological needs. In a semiotic perspective, existential conditions may also activate the body's defense systems. In this context, the unexplained pain may be understood as a functional warning sign. The enhanced understanding of body and symptom that a semiotic approach calls for is relevant for the work of physiotherapists and may lead to more constructive clinical encounters with patients with unexplained chronic pain.

Socialising Semiotic Mediation: Some Reflections on Rosa and Pievi's Paper

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Glaveanu, Vlad Petre

2013-01-01

on similarities but also addresses and exploits several important conceptual differences. The article proceeds by outlining the areas in which SRT can be enriched by a semiotic account – such as incorporating a more clearly articulated theory of signs and unpacking further the role of mediated action and personal......This article aims to reflect on the relation between social representations theory (SRT) and a cultural psychological view of semiotics, as presented in Rosa and Pievi's paper (this issue). It is argued that a fruitful dialogue can be established between the two orientations, one that draws...... experience – as well as the ways in which the latter can benefit from engaging with the notion of social representations. Most of all, I propose that what a SRT-informed view of cultural psychology can offer us is a ‘socialized model of semiotic mediation', one that grounds the construction of knowledge...

The important semiotic indicators of Dostoyevsky's emotional image

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iskhakova Z.Z.

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This article is devoted to finding the emotional semiotic character of F. Dostoevsky that is expressed by the key characters' behaviour in 'The Gambler', 'Idiot', The Brothers Karamazov'. The object of the study is emotionally painted speeches of characters in his works. The subject of the study is emotive signs indices in emotional texts of Fyodor Dostoevsky.

Semiotics of Art: Language of Architecture as a Complex System of Signs

Science.gov (United States)

Lazutina, Tatyana V.; Pupysheva, Irina N.; Shcherbinin, Mikhail N.; Baksheev, Vladimir N.; Patrakova, Galina V.

2016-01-01

This article examines art in the semiotic aspect. The aim of research is to identify the specificity of the language of architecture as a special form of symbolic art meaning the process of granting the symbolic value of aesthetic phenomena caused by the cultural and historical context allowing transmitting the values represented at the level of…

Institutional Pedagogy and Semiosis: Investigating the Missing Link between Peirce's Semiotics and Effective Semiotics

Science.gov (United States)

Pesce, Sebastien

2011-01-01

My aim in this paper is to show the relevance of an "effective semiotics"; that is, a field study based upon Peirce's semiotics. The general context of this investigation is educational semiotics rather than semiotics of teaching: I am concerned with a general approach of educational processes, not with skills and curricula. My paper is…

The Revolution Will Be a Joke: Morality, Transgression, and Semiotic Ideologies in Finnish Stand-Up Comedy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Keisalo, Marianna Päivikki

of semiotic ideology – sign users’ understandings of the means and ends of their sign systems. How do the views held by comedians shape their work and their engagement with audience reactions? While Finland is a small and somewhat marginal country in relation to the current political upheavals, local politics...... reflect global issues, and Finland is, of course, affected by international issues. Current stand-up comedy in Finland is engaging more and more with political issues and cultural critique. Examples include comedy clubs with specific themes such as feminism, and posts by comedians on social media...... realized, and how are they met by audiences? How do ‘humor ideologies’ enable and restrict the effects of humor, for both comedians and audiences? If semiotic ideologies shape our views and practices of using signs, how does sign use affect the ideologies? Humor has at times been labeled as not capable...

Medical semiotics in the 18th century: a theory of practice?

Science.gov (United States)

Hess, V

1998-06-01

Medical semiotics in the 18th century was more than a premodern form of diagnosis. Its structure allowed for the combination of empirically proven rules of instruction with the theoretical knowledge of the new sciences, employing the relation between the sign and the signified.

Echoes of Semiotically-Based Design in the Development and Testing of a Workflow System

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Clarisse Sieckenius de Souza

2001-05-01

Full Text Available Workflow systems are information-intensive task-oriented computer applications that typically involve a considerable number of users playing a wide variety of roles. Since communication, coordination and decision-making processes are essential for such systems, representing, interpreting and negotiating collective meanings are a crucial issue for software design and development processes. In this paper, we report and discuss our experience in implementing Qualitas, a web-based workflow system. Semiotic theory was extensively used to support design decisions and negotiations with users about technological signs. Taking scenarios as a type-sign exchanged throughout the whole process, we could trace the theoretic underpinnings of our experience and draw some revealing conclusions about the product and the process of technologically reified discourse. Although it is present in all information technology applications, this kind of discourse is seldom analyzed by software designers and developers. Our conjecture is that outside semiotic theory, professionals involved with human-computer interaction and software engineering practices have difficulty to coalesce concepts derived from such different disciplines as psychology, anthropology, linguistics and sociology, to name a few. Semiotics, however, can by itself provide a unifying ontological basis for interdisciplinary nowledge, raising issues and proposing alternatives, that may help professionals gain insights at lower learning costs. eywords: semiotic engineering, workflow systems, information-intensive task-oriented systems, scenario based design and development of computer systems, human-computer interaction

Two problems from the theory of semiotic control models. I. Representations of semiotic models

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Osipov, G S

1981-11-01

Two problems from the theory of semiotic control models are being stated, in particular the representation of models and the semantic analysis of themtheory of semiotic control models are being stated, in particular the representation of models and the semantic analysis of them. Algebraic representation of semiotic models, covering of representations, their reduction and equivalence are discussed. The interrelations between functional and structural characteristics of semiotic models are investigated. 20 references.

Objectification and Semiotic Function

Science.gov (United States)

Santi, George

2011-01-01

The objective of this paper is to study students' difficulties when they have to ascribe the same meaning to different representations of the same mathematical object. We address two theoretical tools that are at the core of Radford's cultural semiotic and Godino's onto-semiotic approaches: objectification and the semiotic function. The analysis…

Semiotic Scaffolding in Living Systems

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hoffmeyer, Jesper

2008-01-01

The apparently purposeful nature of living systems is obtained through a sophisticated network of semiotic controls whereby biochemical, physiological and behavioral processes become tuned to the needs of the system. The operation of these semiotic controls takes place and is enabled across...... a diversity of levels. Such semiotic controls may be distinguished from ordinary deterministic control mechanisms through an inbuilt anticipatory capacity based on a distinct kind of causation that I call here "semiotic causation" to denote the bringing about of changes under the guidance of interpretation...... in a local .context. Anticipation through the skilled interpretation of indicators of temporal relations in the context of a particular survival project (or life strategy) guides organismic behavior towards local ends. This network of semiotic controls establishes an enormously complex semiotic scaffolding...

Peircean semiotics and transmedia dynamics. Communicational potentiality of the model of Semiosis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Geane Carvalho Alzamora

2014-11-01

Full Text Available In this article, we discuss the pragmatic relationship between semiosis and communication in order to characterize transmedia dynamics as a pragmatic offshoot of semiosis in media, a perspective that accounts for the incompleteness of the interpretant in its meditated actions. The theoretical approach is based on the communication perspective of the sign developed by Charles Sanders Peirce and his contemporary commentators, such as Parmentier (1985, Colapietro (1995, 2004, Santaella (1992, 1995, 2003, 2004, and Bergman (2000, 2003, 2007. In addition, transmedia dynamics are explored according to Jenkins (2001, 2006, 2013, Göran (2012, and Jansson (2013. We discuss the notion of media as sign mediation and transmedia dynamics as an improvement of semiosis, based on the pragmatic approach to the latter. Transmedia narratives refer to integrated media experiences that unfold across a variety of platforms, attracting audience engagement and offering new and pertinent content. Moreover, the productive incompleteness of the interpretant is taken as a conceptual parameter for understanding the way in which media consumption regulates habits and delineates the transmedia narrative in the sign process of network associations. In conclusion, we stress how the semiotic operation of representation, associating new signs and collateral experience, without losing the narrative reference (semiotic operation of determination, emerged in transmedia environments.

LINGUA-SEMIOTICS OF POWER RITUAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Astafurova Tatyana Nikolaevna

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The article deals with lingua-semiotic representation of the power ritual as one of the symbolic forms of behavior that over time ceases to be spontaneous and becomes regular and repeated. Under discussion is the rite of coronation, which was becoming more complicated and acquired a final form throughout the history of Anglo-Saxon statehood. The process of defining parameters and characteristics of the power ritual is performed by chrono-, topo-, sound and language components of the ritual; it is established that in ritual communication the verbalization of the event is gradually becoming more complicated, clarifying its linguistic component, which largely ensures the success of the ritual; the non-verbal signs acquire additional meaning becoming dominant over simplified verbal signs. It is proved that within the ritual space of the Anglo-Saxon statehood an extensive and rigidly fixed system of signs and symbols has been formed, nominating the process of interaction between the sovereign and his subjects – three groups of signs characterizing the Anglo-Saxon power ritual communication: regulating, processing and classifying signs. Their content distinction is analyzed. Authority widely applies these signs as tools to influence the society through social stereotypes and ethnic psychological associations. Artifacts, as symbols of state power, and oaths, as discursive element of the coronation, are stated as the central elements of the ritual.

Cyber-semiotics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brier, Søren

can the triadic semiotics of Peirce and the second order cybernetics of von Foerster, Maturana, Varela and Luhmann be fruitfully connected to a new second order non-mechanistic framework for interdisciplinary information science......can the triadic semiotics of Peirce and the second order cybernetics of von Foerster, Maturana, Varela and Luhmann be fruitfully connected to a new second order non-mechanistic framework for interdisciplinary information science...

A semiotics of comedy: Moving figures and shifting grounds of Chapayeka ritual clown performance

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Keisalo, Marianna Päivikki

2016-01-01

This article develops an analytic approach to comedic performance by examining the performance of the Chapayeka ritual clowns as a series of semiotic shifts and reversals: the Chapayekas play with images and contexts, introducing unpredictable figures to effectively shift the grounding conditions...... to function as both symbolic figures in the ritual and self-contained contextual grounds, which enables them to produce further signs and manipulate figure-ground relations within and beyond the ritual. The analytic view developed here is informed by the complex and multilayered semiotics of comedic...

The Semiotic Body

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hoffmeyer, Jesper

2008-01-01

supplementary organs, brains, sophisticated enough to support a psychological life. Psychological life therefore from the beginning was embedded in and served as a tool for corporeal life. This paper discusses the semiotically controlled dynamics of bodily existence that has allowed the evolution...... of these seemingly ‘unnatural’ mental and even linguistic kinds of species. It is shown how the skin, on the one hand, makes us belong in the world, and on the other hand, is part of the huge landscape of membranes across which the semiotic self incessantly must be reconstituted. The discussion moves...... on to the intracellular world of signal transduction through which the activity of single cells are put to service for bodily needs. The paper further considers the mechanisms behind homeostasis and the semiotics of the psycho-neuro-endocrine integration in the body. The concept of semiotic emergence is introduced...

LITERARY LANGUAGE AS A SIGN. SEMIOTIC CONSIDERATIONS ON THE CROATIAN LANGUAGE IN THE CULTURAL SYSTEM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maciej Czerwiński

2011-01-01

Full Text Available In the article the question of the existence of the Croatian literary language in the semiotic space, i.e. the system of culture, is taken into consideration. In order to affirm the idea of the justification of the very term Croatian language, and thus acceptance of the thesis of the existence of such a language, this argumentation is directed towards theoretical investigation in the semiotic field. There is an attempt to envisage that discussions in the post-Yugoslav linguistics are not the problem, conventionally speaking, ‘ontological’ but ‘epistemological’. Thus, it is not important the question whether the Croatian language or any other language, e.g. Montenegrin, exists but rather the following question: what does it mean that literary language exists or does not exist?

Nation Branding in Romania After 1989: A Cultural Semiotic Perspective

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bianca Florentina Cheregi

2017-04-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses four nation branding post-communist campaigns initiated by the Romanian Government, from a cultural semiotic perspective, as developed by the Tartu-Moscow-Semiotic School. In so doing, it focuses on analyzing advertising and national identity discourses inside the semiospheres. Moreover, the paper investigates how elements of neoliberal ideology are addressed in the governmental campaigns, considering the “marketization of public discourse” (Fairclough, 1993. Nation branding in post-communist Romania is a distinctive phenomena, compared to other countries, especially from Western Europe. In transition countries, nation branding is often mentioned because of the constant need to reconfigure national identity by dissociating from the communist past (Kaneva, 2012. In Romania, nation branding is also a public issue discussed in the media, connected to the ways in which the international press portrays the country or to the migrants’ actions. In this context, Romania’s nation brand represents a cultural space and the campaigns mobilize cultural symbols as systems of signs necessary for the existence and functioning of advertising discourses. Using a semiotic analysis linked to the field of cultural semiotics (Lotman, 2005/1984, this article analyzes four nation branding campaigns initiated by the Romanian Government (Romania Simply Surprising – 2004, Romania Land of Choice – 2009, Explore the Carpathian Garden – 2010, and Discover the Place Where You Feel Reborn – 2014, considering elements such as semiotic borders, dual coding and symbols. The results show that the campaigns are part of four different semiospheres, integrating discursive practices both from advertising and public diplomacy when communicating the national image to the internal (citizens or external (international audiences.

Semiotic resources for navigation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Due, Brian Lystgaard; Lange, Simon Bierring

2018-01-01

This paper describes two typical semiotic resources blind people use when navigating in urban areas. Everyone makes use of a variety of interpretive semiotic resources and senses when navigating. For sighted individuals, this especially involves sight. Blind people, however, must rely on everything...... else than sight, thereby substituting sight with other modalities and distributing the navigational work to other semiotic resources. Based on a large corpus of fieldwork among blind people in Denmark, undertaking observations, interviews, and video recordings of their naturally occurring practices...... of walking and navigating, this paper shows how two prototypical types of semiotic resources function as helpful cognitive extensions: the guide dog and the white cane. This paper takes its theoretical and methodological perspective from EMCA multimodal interaction analysis....

Semiotics of Power and Dictatorship in Ngugi Wa Thiong'o's Later Novels

Science.gov (United States)

Amoussou, Yemalo C.

2016-01-01

This paper explores the different uses of symbols to express power and interpersonal relationship in Ngugi's bulkiest novel "Wizard of the Crow" (2006), with a few illustrations from "Matigari" (1987). It draws on the semiotic approach and identifies about a hundred discourse strings in which signs are used to express tenor…

Semiotic labelled deductive systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nossum, R.T. [Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London (United Kingdom)

1996-12-31

We review the class of Semiotic Models put forward by Pospelov, as well as the Labelled Deductive Systems developed by Gabbay, and construct an embedding of Semiotic Models into Labelled Deductive Systems.

Semiotic Freedom

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bruni, Luis Emilio

2008-01-01

), but stress also their necessity in the study of any given biological and cognitive system. I draw a distinction between horizontal and vertical emergence in order to arrive at a notion of ‘second order emergence' that affords us a more viable definition of semiotic freedom. I will then attempt to show......The emergence of organic, metabolic, cognitive and cultural codes points us to the need for a new kind of explanatory causality, and a different kind of bio-logic - one dependent on, but different from, the deterministic logic derived from mechanical causality, and one which can account...... for the increase in semiotic freedom which is evident in the biological hierarchy. Building upon previous work (Bruni 2003), in this article I provide a stipulative definition of semiotic freedom and its relation to causality in biological and cognitive systems. To do so, I will first discuss the close relation...

Semiotics in landscape design

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karsten Jorgensen

1997-03-01

Full Text Available This paper claims that concepts of language can help us create better and more relevant landscape design. It is based on research undertaken by Karsten Jørgensen (1989, and subsequent studies carried out at the department of Land Use and Landscape Planning at the Agricultural University in Norway. The 'signs' that constitute the design language are categorised using the analytical vocabulary of landscape design; for example, elements, materials, effects and shapes. Studies of these signs are based on elements of semiotics and cognitive science, especially the Umwelt-theories developed by Jakob von Uexküll (Hoffmeyer 1994. We are constantly exposed to numerous signs of different kinds. Everywhere in society we see signs around us; for example, traffic signs, advertising signs and logos. It is therefore relevant to introduce the term 'semiosphere' in order to focus on the significance of semiosis at all levels of activity in the world, from cellular activities, to complex systems of development such as those found in a population. This study focuses on the semantic aspects of landscape architecture. In explaining the meaning of a statement, it is useful to have a set of rules or 'codes' to correlate a specific expression with a specific interpretation. These codes may be based on conventions, or on similarity between or stylisation of objects, such as natural or cultural landscapes. In any case, they are based on the interpreter's language and 'mind-structure'. At a general level, it is only possible to study sign content. To analyse meaning in landscape design you have to look at the context; for example, the overall composition of a garden or park and the situation, which includes the interpreter's cultural background, their experiences and so on. In other words, you have to analyse a specific case to be able to speak reasonably about meaning in landscape (designs.

Becoming a semiotic technology

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Poulsen, Søren Vigild

2018-01-01

studied from a synchronic perspective, a diachronic study of their semiotic and interactive features has been overlooked. The purpose of this article is to investigate the design history of the tools in Instagram's mobile user interface. Drawing on a social semiotic multimodal framework, this article...... of these. Subsequently, the study shows that the Instagram application makes knowledge and skills available to a community of amateurs that used to be reserved for professional photographers. Thus, the study characterises the ways Instagram as a semiotic technology over time has facilitated and structured...

Models, controls, and levels of semiotic autonomy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Joslyn, C.

1998-12-01

In this paper the authors consider forms of autonomy, forms of semiotic systems, and any necessary relations among them. Levels of autonomy are identified as levels of system identity, from adiabatic closure to disintegration. Forms of autonomy or closure in systems are also recognized, including physical, dynamical, functional, and semiotic. Models and controls are canonical linear and circular (closed) semiotic relations respectively. They conclude that only at higher levels of autonomy do semiotic properties become necessary. In particular, all control systems display at least a minimal degree of semiotic autonomy; and all systems with sufficiently interesting functional autonomy are semiotically related to their environments.

Semiotic analysis of Indian television advertisements and its impact on consumers: an exploratory study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pooja SHARMA

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Everyday consumers are exposed to a huge and wide variety of advertisements. These advertisements fall into different categories of communication media such as television, print media e.g., magazines and newspapers, cinema or billboards, radio etc. Advertising now reaches far more people than it used to with traditional media since it has major presence in new digital media which has also transformed immensely in recent time. These advertisements deliver and also utilise a wide range of meaning, symbols and messages also called semiotics in their advertisements. Importantly, large part of any individual is surrounded by lot of signs and symbols, however, the way they comprehend these sign, symbols and meaning differ from one to other individual. Since, India is a vast country with vivid and varied culture and demographics, it becomes a challenge for advertisers to target and attract right consumers through their advertisements. In such a situation it is essential for advertisers to understand the choice consumers have for advertisements and the differential impact it has on the consumers. Our study shows the differential impact advertisements have through their themes, colours, to be more specific, impact that semiotics have on consumers and how it can be made more effective and targeted by understanding the language and impact of semiotics on consumers in India.

Antinomies of Semiotics in Graphic Design

Science.gov (United States)

Storkerson, Peter

2010-01-01

The following paper assesses the roles played by semiotics in graphic design and in graphic design education, which both reflects and shapes practice. It identifies a series of factors; graphic design education methods and culture; semiotic theories themselves and their application to graphic design; the two wings of Peircian semiotics and…

Semiotics of White Spaces on the Romanian Traditional Blouse, the IA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ioana Corduneanu

2017-01-01

Full Text Available In this article we understand the Romanian traditional blouse IA as a multi-dimensional semiotic object, with a complex semiotic structure. We will examine the structure and interpretation of semiotic borders and white spaces on IA, from the perspective of Lotman’s semiotic theory of culture. The white spaces found on our shirts may carry out messages equally important as those expressed by the sewn signs. Not only they define the rhythm, allowing the patterns to breathe, but sometimes they have their own story to tell. The white spaces also come to define the community you belong to, if your age allows you to wear an ornated shirt. The lack of white spaces on the shirts of other ethnic minorities living alongside us may be a hint of their fears and insecurities: they tend to fill in the entire shirt with protective talismans, to make sure they are safe. In some circumstances, as it happens with the shirts from the shores of Nistru River, the white space is a warning. Yet the most interesting subject is to consider and compare the way that these white spaces are “read” and appreciated in our days, after all women had been influenced by the fashion industry and the communication in printed and social media. We like it or not, this influenced our way to define concepts such as “aesthetic”, “elegant”, “luxurious” or “refined”.

Towards a Semiotic Information Position Framework for Network Centric Warfare

Science.gov (United States)

2011-06-01

study of anything which stands for something else [10]. Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure and American logician and philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce...are considered as the founders of semiotics [10]. As a linguist, Saussure was interested in the relationships between words (or signs) and he argued...to Eco, Saussure “did not define the signified any too clearly, leaving it half way between a mental image, a concept and a psychological reality

A Semiotic Analysis of Political Cartoon of Iran Nuclear Program

OpenAIRE

SAFALIA, FITRIA

2014-01-01

Keywords: Semiotic, political cartoon, sign, icon, symbol, index, connotation In our society, information, ideas, or opinions can be delivered through news. The existence of news is very important in spreading information through the public since many events happen everyday and bring effects to the society. Nowadays, news is not only delivered through the words but also delivered through pictures and cartoons. In this study, the writer uses political cartoon as the object. The political cart...

Semiotic Scaffolding in Mathematics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Johansen, Mikkel Willum; Misfeldt, Morten

2015-01-01

This paper investigates the notion of semiotic scaffolding in relation to mathematics by considering its influence on mathematical activities, and on the evolution of mathematics as a research field. We will do this by analyzing the role different representational forms play in mathematical...... cognition, and more broadly on mathematical activities. In the main part of the paper, we will present and analyze three different cases. For the first case, we investigate the semiotic scaffolding involved in pencil and paper multiplication. For the second case, we investigate how the development of new...... in both mathematical cognition and in the development of mathematics itself, but mathematical cognition cannot itself be reduced to the use of semiotic scaffolding....

DEDE KORKUT KİTABI’NDA AĞAÇ KAVRAMININ SEMİYOTİK VE SEMANTİK AÇILIMI / SEMIOTIC AND SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF TREE CONCEPT IN DEDE KORKUT BOOK

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Servet KARÇIĞA

2016-04-01

Full Text Available The study of semiotics and semantics in Linguistic starts with Ferdinand de Saussure in the modern sense. Semiotics, known also as semiology, has the answer to the question how a sign that is present in the mind come into existence in immediate memory. According to this, signs comprise of signifier that is acoustic sound system and of signified that carries the meaning of a concept. In semiotics which is also a subject of sociology some of the signs have conventional features. The figurative usage of signs takes an important place in these conventional features. Semantic, shortly described as a science that analyzes meaning, is one of the most debatable field of Linguistics. What gives rise to this discussion is the thought of meaning changes according to individuals and context. Dede Korkut book is a magic mirror that reflects worldview of Turks with the knowledge it includes. Those who know this book in all its parts will be able to find a lot of information regarding Turkish language, history, mores, belief system, mythology e.t.c. With this aspect, this book functions as a handbook of Ghuzz Turks. Some concepts take place with their figurative features in Dede Korkut and one of them is tree. The concept of tree provides significant clues as to belief system of Ghuzz Turks. Besides, this concept attracts notice since it used in nearly all the field of social life. In this study firstly information about importance and place of Dede Korkut in Turkish Literature will be discussed Later, semiotic and semantic will be analyzed with the aspect of this study. Finally the concept of tree in Dede Korkut will be analyzed with the aspect of semantic and semiotic.

A semiotic reading of costumes in Nigerian video films: African bride ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

A semiotic reading of costumes in Nigerian video films: African bride as a paradigm. ... Creative Artist: A Journal of Theatre and Media Studies. Journal Home ... The PDF file you selected should load here if your Web browser has a PDF reader plug-in installed (for example, a recent version of Adobe Acrobat Reader).

Signs, Systems and Complexity of Transmedia Storytelling

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renira Rampazzo Gambarato

2012-12-01

Full Text Available This article addresses key concepts such as sign, system and complexity in order to approach transmedia storytelling and better understand its intricate nature. The theoretical framework chosen to investigate transmedia storytelling meanders is Semiotics by Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914 and General Systems Theory by Mario Bunge (1919-. The complexity of transmedia storytelling is not simply the one of the signs of the works included in a transmedia franchise. It also includes the complexity of the dispositions of users/consumers/players as interpreters of semiotic elements (e.g. characters, themes, environments, events and outcomes presented by transmedia products. It extends further to the complexity of social, cultural, economical and political constructs. The German transmedia narrative The Ultimate SuperHero-Blog by Stefan Gieren and Sofia’s Diary, a Portuguese multiplatform production by BeActive, are presented as examples of closed and open system transmedia storytelling respectively.

«Existe-t-il des signes visuels?» Rivisitazione del Traité du signe visueldel Groupe μ

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michele Amadò

2008-06-01

Full Text Available In order to develop its great potential, visual communication needs to be founded on the characteristics of the visual channel and on the typologies of the visual signs (iconic and plastic, therefore, on a specific semiotic and rhetoric distinct from the ones of the linguistic sign. Visual signs, in particular the noblest expressions like the artistic ones, reveal themselves more as aims rather than as means. They do not point away from themselves but to themselves: this connotation is founded on the autonomy of visual signs as regards the reported reality. The respective itineraries can emphasize the possibilities and inherent to a visually constructed logic with nonverbal characteristics.

Ergotic / epistemic / semiotic functions

OpenAIRE

Luciani , Annie

2007-01-01

International audience; Claude Cadoz has introduced a typology of human-environment relation, identifying three functions. This typology allows characterizing univocally, i.e. in a non-redundant manner, the computer devices and interfaces that allow human to interact with environment through and by computers. These three functions are: the epistemic function, the semiotic function, the ergotic function. Conversely to the terms epistemic and semiotic that are usual, the term ergotic has been s...

Concept theory and semiotics in knowledge organization

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Friedman, Alon; Thellefsen, Martin

2011-01-01

Purpose - The paper explores the basics of semiotic analysis and concept theory that represents two dominant approaches to knowledge representation, and explores how these approaches are fruitful for knowledge organization. Design/methodology/approach - In particular the semiotic theory formulated....../value - This paper is the first paper that combines theories of knowledge representation, semiotic and concept theory, within the context of knowledge organization....... by the American philosopher C.S. Peirce and the concept theory formulated by Ingetraut Dahlberg is investigated. The objective of this paper is to compare the differences and similarities between these two theories of knowledge representation. Findings - The semiotic model is a general and unrestricted model...

Can vocal conditioning trigger a semiotic ratchet in marmosets?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hjalmar Kosmos Turesson

2015-10-01

Full Text Available The complexity of human communication has often been taken as evidence that our language reflects a true evolutionary leap, bearing little resemblance to any other animal communication system. The putative uniqueness of the human language poses serious evolutionary and ethological challenges to a rational explanation of human communication. Here we review ethological, anatomical, molecular and computational results across several species to set boundaries for these challenges. Results from animal behavior, cognitive psychology, neurobiology, and semiotics indicate that human language shares multiple features with other primate communication systems, such as specialized brain circuits for sensorimotor processing, the capability for indexical (pointing and symbolic (referential signaling, the importance of shared intentionality for associative learning, affective conditioning and parental scaffolding of vocal production. The most substantial differences lie in the higher human capacity for symbolic compositionality, fast vertical transmission of new symbols across generations, and irreversible accumulation of novel adaptive behaviors (cultural ratchet. We hypothesize that increasingly-complex vocal conditioning of an appropriate animal model may be sufficient to trigger a semiotic ratchet, evidenced by progressive sign complexification, as spontaneous contact calls become indexes, then symbols and finally arguments (strings of symbols. To test this hypothesis, we outline a series of conditioning experiments in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus. The experiments are designed to probe the limits of vocal communication in a prosocial, highly vocal primate 35 million years far from the human lineage, so as to shed light on the mechanisms of semiotic complexification and cultural transmission, and serve as a naturalistic behavioral setting for the investigation of language disorders.

Can vocal conditioning trigger a semiotic ratchet in marmosets?

Science.gov (United States)

Turesson, Hjalmar K; Ribeiro, Sidarta

2015-01-01

The complexity of human communication has often been taken as evidence that our language reflects a true evolutionary leap, bearing little resemblance to any other animal communication system. The putative uniqueness of the human language poses serious evolutionary and ethological challenges to a rational explanation of human communication. Here we review ethological, anatomical, molecular, and computational results across several species to set boundaries for these challenges. Results from animal behavior, cognitive psychology, neurobiology, and semiotics indicate that human language shares multiple features with other primate communication systems, such as specialized brain circuits for sensorimotor processing, the capability for indexical (pointing) and symbolic (referential) signaling, the importance of shared intentionality for associative learning, affective conditioning and parental scaffolding of vocal production. The most substantial differences lie in the higher human capacity for symbolic compositionality, fast vertical transmission of new symbols across generations, and irreversible accumulation of novel adaptive behaviors (cultural ratchet). We hypothesize that increasingly-complex vocal conditioning of an appropriate animal model may be sufficient to trigger a semiotic ratchet, evidenced by progressive sign complexification, as spontaneous contact calls become indexes, then symbols and finally arguments (strings of symbols). To test this hypothesis, we outline a series of conditioning experiments in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). The experiments are designed to probe the limits of vocal communication in a prosocial, highly vocal primate 35 million years far from the human lineage, so as to shed light on the mechanisms of semiotic complexification and cultural transmission, and serve as a naturalistic behavioral setting for the investigation of language disorders.

Towards a cognitive semiotics of science

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

May, Michael; Skriver, Karen; Dandanell, Gert

2016-01-01

be seen as moving towards a cognitive semiotics of science, and furthermore that philosophical, historical, and didactic aspects of science and science teaching from this perspective are closely interrelated. The case of chemical reaction kinetics is used to exemplify the approach and its relevance......In a programmatic sense a “semiotics of science” was announced by Charles W. Morris but never realized as an empirical investigation of the sciences from the point of view of semiotics. In this chapter it is argued that recent cognitive approaches to the philosophy and history of science can...

THEATRE PERFORMANCE COMMUNICATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THEATRE SEMIOTICS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nur Sahid

2013-02-01

Full Text Available This article investigates the processes of communicating performance elements including word sign systems, facial expressions, tones, gestures, motions, make-up, hair styles, costumes, props, settings, lighting, music, voice or sound effects from the performers to the audience. The success of a theatrical performance actually depends on the successful communication of these elements by the performers. This study adopts the perspective of theater semiotics. Hopefully this article can benefit theater creators in communicating performance codes and messages to the audience. Thus, a theatrical performance can be a productive communication between them and the audience.

[Subjectivity and objectivity, semiotics and diagnosis. An approach to the medieval concept of illness].

Science.gov (United States)

Riha, O

1996-01-01

Relying on their patients' complaints, medieval physicians did not discriminate theoretically between sickness and health. As for the types of illness, there were two different concepts of disease: The semiotic tracts (sphygmology, uroscopy, hematoscopy) describe signs of dyscrasia and locus affectus, while the medical handbooks combine symptoms like fever, pain, nausea, constipation etc. with the signs of pulse, urine and blood. The term "diagnosis" should be used only for this latter type of disease. Because of the ancient model of humoral pathology and because of the deductive construction of symptomatology, "medieval" illnesses cannot be compared with "ours".

Audiovisual signs and information science: an evaluation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jalver Bethônico

2006-12-01

Full Text Available This work evaluates the relationship of Information Science with audiovisual signs, pointing out conceptual limitations, difficulties imposed by the verbal fundament of knowledge, the reduced use within libraries and the ways in the direction of a more consistent analysis of the audiovisual means, supported by the semiotics of Charles Peirce.

A study about Accounting Publications from a Semiotic Focus

OpenAIRE

Marcos Antonio de Souza; Carlos Alberto Diehl; Fernando Batista Fontana; Clea Beatriz Macagnan

2013-01-01

This paper was aimed at analyzing the contributions of semiotics teaching in Accounting. The actual development of semiotics as a modern science, which focuses on any language form, was only acknowledged between the 18th and 19thcenturies. Since then, several authors have studied this theme, using semiotics as an instrument to analyze other sciences. Many authors classify Accounting, considered a science, as a language. Hence, it can be analyzed based on the premises of semiotics. In this stu...

PUBLIC SERVICE ADVERTISING: AN ANALYSIS ON TEXT AND SEMIOTICS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ni Wayan Sukarini

2012-07-01

Full Text Available This study concerns with text and semiotics analysis on the use of language in public service advertising (PSA. PSA in this study is the text which is especially on health. There are three problems that are analysed in this research, namely: (1 grammatical structure and the lexical of the text; (2 the relationship of trichotomies (representamen, object, and interpretant with the three components of sign in nonverbal aspect; and (3 ideologies and messages conveyed in the verbal and nonverbal signs. Three methods applied in this research respectively including descriptive, qualitative, and interpretative. The type of data was the written one which was taken from printed media in the forms of poster and brochure. The data was collected through five procedures, they are clipping, numbering, coding, picturing, and documenting. As a scientific writing, a number of theories must be applied for the analysis. The relevant theories are semantics, semiotics, speech act, hermeneutics, language function, and text structure. These six theories were applied eclecticly in analysing the grammatical structure, lexicals, signs, and the structure of texts in order to elaborate the meaning, ideology, and message which were being conveyed through the texts of PSA. The result of the analysis showed that the grammatical structure applied in the PSA of health could be classified into the simple structure in the forms of phrase, clause, and sentence. The use of verbs dominated initially in order to express the imperative meaning but still had the purpose of being persuasive. Kinds of lexicals found were very close to disease, reproduction, and health either the general terms, for example victims, medicine or the specific ones like HIV/AIDS, Odha, perinatal, nifas, jampersal, sadari. From the nonverbal aspect, the relationship of trichotomy with the three of sign components are more realistics in the Object with its three sub components. Triadic relationship of three sub

PUBLIC SERVICE ADVERTISING: AN ANALYSIS ON TEXT AND SEMIOTICS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ni Wayan Sukarini

2015-07-01

Full Text Available This study concerns with text and semiotics analysis on the use of language in public service advertising (PSA. PSA in this study is the text which is especially on health. There are three problems that are analysed in this research, namely: (1 grammatical structure and the lexical of the text; (2 the relationship of trichotomies (representamen, object, and interpretant with the three components of sign in nonverbal aspect; and (3 ideologies and messages conveyed in the verbal and nonverbal signs. Three methods applied in this research respectively including descriptive, qualitative, and interpretative. The type of data was the written one which was taken from printed media in the forms of poster and brochure. The data was collected through five procedures, they are clipping, numbering, coding, picturing, and documenting. As a scientific writing, a number of theories must be applied for the analysis. The relevant theories are semantics, semiotics, speech act, hermeneutics, language function, and text structure. These six theories were applied eclecticly in analysing the grammatical structure, lexicals, signs, and the structure of texts in order to elaborate the meaning, ideology, and message which were being conveyed through the texts of PSA. The result of the analysis showed that the grammatical structure applied in the PSA of health could be classified into the simple structure in the forms of phrase, clause, and sentence. The use of verbs dominated initially in order to express the imperative meaning but still had the purpose of being persuasive. Kinds of lexicals found were very close to disease, reproduction, and health either the general terms, for example victims, medicine or the specific ones like HIV/AIDS, Odha, perinatal, nifas, jampersal, sadari. From the nonverbal aspect, the relationship of trichotomy with the three of sign components are more realistics in the Object with its three sub components. Triadic relationship of three sub

Participatory knowledge-management design: A semiotic approach

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Valtolina, Stefano; Barricelli, Barbara Rita; Dittrich, Yvonne

2012-01-01

vocabularies, notations, and suitable visual structures for navigating among interface elements. To this end, the paper describes how our semiotic approach supports processes for representing, storing, accessing, and transferring knowledge through which the information architecture of an interactive system can......The aim of this paper is to present a design strategy for collaborative knowledge-management systems based on a semiotic approach. The contents and structure of experts' knowledge is highly dependent on professional or individual practice. Knowledge-management systems that support cooperation...... a semiotic perspective to computer application and human–computer interaction. From a semiotic perspective, the computer application is both a message from the designer to the user about the structure of the problem domain, as well as about interaction with it, and a structured channel for the user...

Semiotic individuation and Ernst Cassirer’s challenge

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hoffmeyer, Jesper

2015-01-01

. In this understanding, individuation becomes narrowly connected to learning. And since learning necessarily depends on what is already learned, the trajectory of learning-based individuation is necessarily indefinite and dependent on the concrete chance events and steps whereby the process has proceeded. Semiotic...... individuation is a historical process, and this fact explains why systems biology, as established by Ludwig van Bertalanffy, has not been capable of meeting the hope, expressed long ago by Ernst Cassirer, of bridging the mechanicist-vitalist gap in biology. Instead, a semiotic approach is called for. Human...... be defined by its uniqueness as a particular genetic combination, but must be instead be defined by its uniqueness as a temporal outcome of semiotic individuation. Accordingly, this doubletracked character of human semiotic individuation implies that it is cast as just one particular outcome...

SECOND-ORDER CYBERNETICS, SEMIOTICS AND THE ART

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Niculae V. Mihaita

2011-04-01

Full Text Available We take into consideration the concept of second order cybernetics and Pierce‘s approach of semiotics fundamentals. I am also an observer, experimenter and mental interpreter of metasigns given to the audience by Eugene Ionesco‘s absurd theatre. The interpreting of signs meaning is determinate by the context. From Semiotics ‗point of view, the objects I‘m studying (The Love Poem Lucifer or Evening Star, the short play Foursome and the most known, The Chairs gives me a lot of information about differences or NOT between actors, positive and negative interactions and become knowledge when I see them as signs. Second order cybernetics brings to the semiotics the idea of closure of structural coupling, interpretation and language [Soren, Cybersemiotics, 2008]. Them, the objects chosen are, for EXPERIMENTER, the YOYO in figure 1, and signifies the OBJECT of recursion. Boje [Boje, David, 2005] redefines antenarrative communication more holistically as an enactive phenomenon, and makes connections between varieties of disciplines in order to find out how antenarratives help us understand communication in the world. Instead of the finite event of producing an artifact, betting is a process and an end in itself, through which the practitioners might gain self-awareness. By synthesizing enactive-thinking in virtual space and the practice of communicating we appeal for valuable insights into the creative mind, challenging scholars and practitioners alike. Drawing contributions as above ideograms are useful for practicing cyberneticians, statisticians, researchers and academics, Informational Statistics applications [Mihaita, 2010] explores the ways in which liberal arts writers seek to involve, create and engage with new and diverse audiences from beginners encountering and participating in the work unexpectedly, to professionals from other disciplines and members of particular communities. Taking into consideration the Second-order Cybernetics�

Aspects of Information Architecture involved in process mapping in Military Organizations under the semiotic perspective

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mac Amaral Cartaxo

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Introduction: The description of the processes to represent the activities in an organization has important call semiotic, It is the flowcharts of uses, management reports and the various forms of representation of the strategies used. The subsequent interpretation of the organization's employees involved in learning tasks and the symbols used to translate the meanings of management practices is essential role for the organization. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify evidence of conceptual and empirical, on aspects of information architecture involved in the mapping process carried out in military organizations under the semiotic perspective. Methodology: The research is characterized as qualitative, case study and the data collection technique was the semi-structured interview, applied to management advisors. Results: The main results indicate that management practices described with the use of pictorial symbols and different layouts have greater impact to explain the relevance of management practices and indicators. Conclusion: With regard to the semiotic appeal, it was found that the impact of a management report is significant due to the use of signs and layout that stimulate further reading by simplifying complex concepts in tables, diagrams summarizing lengthy descriptions.

SEMIOTIC MODELS IN MUSEUM COMMUNICATION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Plokhotnyuk Vladimir

2018-02-01

Full Text Available This article proposes a way of formalizing the description of various types of relations between the elements of museum communication based on the semiotic approach and the concepts introduced by F. de Saussure, C.S. Pierce and C.W. Morris. Semiotic models can be used to explain the specifics of museum communication for museum studies and as a methodological basis for developing various versions of databases or other software for museum affairs.

Understanding Semiotic Technology in University Classrooms: A Social Semiotic Approach to PowerPoint-Assisted Cultural Studies Lectures

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Sumin; van Leeuwen, Theo

2014-01-01

In this paper, we propose a social semiotic approach to studying PowerPoint in university classrooms. Our approach is centred on two premises: (1) PowerPoint is a semiotic technology that can be integrated into the pedagogical discourse of classrooms, and (2) PowerPoint technology encompasses three interrelated dimensions of social semiotic…

Semiotics in Academic Training of Culturologists

Science.gov (United States)

Makhlina, S. T.

2016-01-01

The article puts under the scrutiny the problem of academic training of semiotics as a part of higher education in Russia. An author provides an overview of the origins of semiotic science, its place within humanities and culture studies, paying a special attention to a historical and modern situation in Russia. An important role of semiotic…

Opening up closure. Semiotics across scales

Science.gov (United States)

Lemke

2000-01-01

The dynamic emergence of new levels of organization in complex systems is related to the semiotic reorganization of discrete/continuous variety at the level below as continuous/discrete meaning for the level above. In this view both the semiotic and the dynamic closure of system levels is reopened to allow the development and evolution of greater complexity.

Ontology Translation: The Semiotic Engineering of Content Management Systems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alejandro Villamarin M.

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The present paper proposes the application of Semiotic Engineering theory to Content Management Systems (CMS focusing on the analysis of how the use of different ontologies can affect the user’s efficiency when performing tasks in a CMS. The analysis is performed using the theoretical semiotic model Web-Semiotic Interface Design Evaluation (W-SIDE model.

Modeling the Semiotic Structure of Player-Characters

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Vella, Daniel

2014-01-01

When game studies has tackled the player-character, it has tended to do so by means of an opposition to the notion of the avatar, with the result that the ontological and semiotic nature of the character in itself has not been given due attention. This paper draws on understandings of character...... from the fields of narratology and literary theory to highlight the double-layered ontology of character as both a possible individual and as a semiotic construction. Uri Margolin’s narratological model of character signification is used as the basis for developing a semiotic-structural model...

Embodied niche construction in the hominin lineage: semiotic structure and sustained attention in human embodied cognition

Science.gov (United States)

Stutz, Aaron J.

2014-01-01

Human evolution unfolded through a rather distinctive, dynamically constructed ecological niche. The human niche is not only generally terrestrial in habitat, while being flexibly and extensively heterotrophic in food-web connections. It is also defined by semiotically structured and structuring embodied cognitive interfaces, connecting the individual organism with the wider environment. The embodied dimensions of niche-population co-evolution have long involved semiotic system construction, which I hypothesize to be an evolutionarily primitive aspect of learning and higher-level cognitive integration and attention in the great apes and humans alike. A clearly pre-linguistic form of semiotic cognitive structuration is suggested to involve recursively learned and constructed object icons. Higher-level cognitive iconic representation of visually, auditorily, or haptically perceived extrasomatic objects would be learned and evoked through indexical connections to proprioceptive and affective somatic states. Thus, private cognitive signs would be defined, not only by their learned and perceived extrasomatic referents, but also by their associations to iconically represented somatic states. This evolutionary modification of animal associative learning is suggested to be adaptive in ecological niches occupied by long-lived, large-bodied ape species, facilitating memory construction and recall in highly varied foraging and social contexts, while sustaining selective attention during goal-directed behavioral sequences. The embodied niche construction (ENC) hypothesis of human evolution posits that in the early hominin lineage, natural selection further modified the ancestral ape semiotic adaptations, favoring the recursive structuration of concise iconic narratives of embodied interaction with the environment. PMID:25136323

Semiotic and discursive variables in cas-based didactical engineering

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Winsløw, Carl

2003-01-01

CAS, didactical engeneering, Maple, semiotics, undergraduate teaching, mathematics, education, didactics......CAS, didactical engeneering, Maple, semiotics, undergraduate teaching, mathematics, education, didactics...

On evolution of thinking about semiosis: semiotics meets cognitive science

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Piotr Konderak

2016-11-01

Full Text Available The aim of the paper is to sketch an idea—seen from the point of view of a cognitive scientist—of cognitive semiotics as a discipline. Consequently, the article presents aspects of the relationship between the two disciplines: semiotics and cognitive science. The main assumption of the argumentation is that at least some semiotic processes are also cognitive processes. At the methodological level, this claim allows for application of cognitive models as explanations of selected semiotic processes. In particular, the processes of embedded interpretation (in contrast to interpretability in principle are considered: belief revision, dynamic organization of meaning and metaknowledge. The explanations are formulated in terms of artificial cognitive agents of the GLAIR/SNePS cognitive architecture. Finally, it is suggested that even if someone rejects the idea of artificial cognitive systems as simulations of semiotic processes, they may acknowledge the usefulness of cognitive modeling in analysis of semiotic processes in virtual, simulated worlds and in the area of “new media”.

A study about Accounting Publications from a Semiotic Focus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos Antonio de Souza

2013-03-01

Full Text Available This paper was aimed at analyzing the contributions of semiotics teaching in Accounting. The actual development of semiotics as a modern science, which focuses on any language form, was only acknowledged between the 18th and 19thcenturies. Since then, several authors have studied this theme, using semiotics as an instrument to analyze other sciences. Many authors classify Accounting, considered a science, as a language. Hence, it can be analyzed based on the premises of semiotics. In this study, bibliographic research and content analysis are used, the latter applied to the papers published about the theme in the following congresses: Associação Brasileira de Custo, USP de Controladoria e Contabilidade and Encontros da ANPAD. In addition, a search was undertaken in 22 international scientific Accounting journals. In conclusion, few theoretical contributions have been published in Brazilian congresses and in international scientific journals, but mainly practical contributions about the use of semiotics in Accounting.

Semiotic Engineering Methods for Scientific Research in HCI

CERN Document Server

Sieckenius de Souza, Clarisse

2009-01-01

Semiotic engineering was originally proposed as a semiotic approach to designing user interface languages. Over the years, with research done at the Department of Informatics of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, it evolved into a semiotic theory of human-computer interaction (HCI). It views HCI as computer-mediated communication between designers and users at interaction time. The system speaks for its designers in various types of conversations specified at design time. These conversations communicate the designers' understanding of who the users are, what they know the us

A Semiotics of Cartoons in Two Nigerian Newspapers: The Punch ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The paper explores the semiotics of cartoons using selected samples from The punch and The Guardian, newspapers based in Nigeria. It seeks to bridge the gap between semiotics and the act of cartooning. It also attempts to show the relationship between the cartoons and the semiotic resources employed. It analyses how ...

Thinking about the Notion of "Cross-Cultural" from a Social Semiotic Perspective

Science.gov (United States)

Kress, Gunther

2012-01-01

In this article the main question is: what might Social Semiotics offer to studies of the "cross-cultural"? Social Semiotics distinguishes between "society" and "culture". "The social" is the domain of "interaction" seen as semiotic work, organized in fields of power. "Culture" is the repository of semiotic resources, of material and non-material…

Chemical inscriptions in Korean textbooks: Semiotics of macro- and microworld

Science.gov (United States)

Han, Jaeyoung; Roth, Wolff-Michael

2006-03-01

Thinking about macroscopic phenomena in terms of models based on the idea of microscopic particles (i.e., the particulate theory of matter) is one of the important goals for student learning in chemistry around the world. However, previous research suggests that students do not easily understand phenomena from a particle perspective, although such a perspective has many concrete aspects that ought to assist learners of chemistry. More than the textbooks of other countries, Korean chemistry texts tend to include colorful inscriptions. How, we might ask, do such inscriptions help learners of chemistry? The purpose of this study is to investigate the function and structure of chemical inscriptions in middle school science textbooks by drawing on a semiotic framework. We develop the concept of chemi (stry)-semiotics'' to unveil the work of reading required to understand chemical inscriptions in the way their authors intended them to be understood. The study began with the assumption that different kinds and functions (structure) of inscriptions constitute different signs that are available as sense-making resources in the learning process. We show that the difficulty in understanding the particulate nature of matter may result from the different processes of semiosis (interpretation and meaning making) between inscriptions depicting macroscopic and models based on microscopic particles.

Semiotic mediation: from multiplication properties to arithmetical expressions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrea Maffia

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Multiplication is introduced early in primary school, but its properties are usually introduced after the rote memorization of multiplicative facts. In this paper we present a teaching experiment aimed to early introducing arithmetical properties of multiplication. It is realized through an artefact built on the rectangle model for multiplication. Children activity is designed and analyzed using Theory of Semiotic Mediation. The development of the relational meaning of arithmetical expressions is shown through the enchaining of representations from signs related to the activity with the artefact to mathematical ones. In particular, the role of the teacher in the process of semiotic mediation results as crucial. Mediazione semiotica: dalle proprietà della moltiplicazione alle espressioni aritmeticheLa moltiplicazione viene presentata presto nella scuola primaria, ma le sue proprietà sono introdotte solo dopo che le cosiddette tabelline sono state memorizzate. Nell’articolo si presenta un teaching experiment volto a introdurre precocemente le proprietà della moltiplicazione per facilitare la memorizzazione di fatti moltiplicativi. L’esperimento è centrato sull’uso di un artefatto costruito sul modello rettangolare della moltiplicazione. L’attività degli studenti è progettata e analizzata nel quadro della Teoria della Mediazione Semiotica (TMS. Lo sviluppo del significato relazionale delle espressioni aritmetiche viene mostrato attraverso la concatenazione di rappresentazioni che vanno da segni strettamente legati all’attività con l’artefatto fino a segni matematici. In particolare, si evidenzia il ruolo dell’insegnante nello sviluppo del processo di mediazione semiotica.

Embodied Niche Construction in the Hominin Lineage: Semiotic Structure and Sustained Attention in Human Embodied Cognition

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aaron Jonas Stutz

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Human evolution unfolded through a rather distinctive, dynamically constructed ecological niche. The human niche is not only generally terrestrial in habitat, while being flexibly and extensively heterotrophic in food-web connections. It is also defined by semiotically structured and structuring embodied cognitive interfaces, connecting the individual organism with the wider environment. The embodied dimensions of niche-population co-evolution have long involved semiotic system construction, which I hypothesize to be an evolutionarily primitive aspect of learning and higher-level cognitive integration and attention in the great apes and humans alike. A clearly pre-linguistic form of semiotic cognitive structuration is suggested to involve recursively learned and constructed object icons. Higher-level cognitive iconic representation of visually, auditorily, or haptically perceived extrasomatic objects would be learned and evoked through indexical connections to proprioceptive and affective somatic states. Thus, private cognitive signs would be defined, not only by their learned and perceived extrasomatic referents, but also by their associations to iconically represented somatic states. This evolutionary modification of animal associative learning is suggested to be adaptive in ecological niches occupied by long-lived, large-bodied ape species, facilitating memory construction and recall in highly varied foraging and social contexts, while sustaining selective attention during goal-directed behavioral sequences. The embodied niche construction (ENC hypothesis of human evolution posits that in the early hominin lineage, natural selection further modified the ancestral ape semiotic adaptations, favoring the recursive structuration of concise iconic narratives of embodied interaction with the environment.

A Semiotic Framework for the Semantics of Digital Multimedia Learning Objects

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

May, Michael

2007-01-01

The relevance of semiotics for extending multimedia description schemes will be shown relative to existing strategies for indexing and retrieval. The semiotic framework presented is intended to support a compositional semantics of flexible digital multimedia objects. Besides semiotics insights fr...... Formal Concept Analysis is utilized....

Semiotic Work: Applied Linguistics and a Social Semiotic Account of Multimodality

Science.gov (United States)

Kress, Gunther

2015-01-01

This article imagines a tussle between Multimodality, focused on "modes," and Applied Linguistics (AL), based on "language." A Social Semiotic approach to MM treats "speech" and "writing" as modes with distinct affordances, and, as all modes, treats them as "partial" means of communication. The…

The Semiotic Structure of Geometry Diagrams: How Textbook Diagrams Convey Meaning

Science.gov (United States)

Dimmel, Justin K.; Herbst, Patricio G.

2015-01-01

Geometry diagrams use the visual features of specific drawn objects to convey meaning about generic mathematical entities. We examine the semiotic structure of these visual features in two parts. One, we conduct a semiotic inquiry to conceptualize geometry diagrams as mathematical texts that comprise choices from different semiotic systems. Two,…

The Semiotic Approach and Language Teaching and Learning

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Müfit Şenel

2007-04-01

Full Text Available This study investigates the relation of the Foreign Language Teaching with the SemioticApproach that gains more importance recently and tries to explain how this concept has beenused as Semiotic Approach in Foreign Language Teaching and Learning and teacher-learnerroles, strong-weak sides, types of activities, etc. have been handled.

Gestures as Semiotic Resources in the Mathematics Classroom

Science.gov (United States)

Arzarello, Ferdinando; Paola, Domingo; Robutti, Ornella; Sabena, Cristina

2009-01-01

In this paper, we consider gestures as part of the resources activated in the mathematics classroom: speech, inscriptions, artifacts, etc. As such, gestures are seen as one of the semiotic tools used by students and teacher in mathematics teaching-learning. To analyze them, we introduce a suitable model, the "semiotic bundle." It allows focusing…

THE STRENGTH OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM ELEMENTS UNDER CYCLIC ALTERNATING LOADING AND LOW CYCLE LOAD OF CONSTANT SIGN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Semina Yuliya Anatol'evna

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The behavior of reinforced concrete elements under some types of cyclic loads is described in the paper. The main aim of the investigations is research of the stress-strain state and strength of the inclined sections of reinforced concrete beam elements in conditions of systemic impact of constructive factors and the factor of external influence. To spotlight the problem of cyclic loadings three series of tests were conducted by the author. Firstly, the analysis of the tests showed that especially cyclic alternating loading reduces the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beams and their crack resistance by 20 % due to the fatigue of concrete and reinforcement. Thus the change of load sign creates serious changes of stress-strain state of reinforced concrete beam elements. Low cycle loads of constant sign effect the behavior of the constructions not so adversely. Secondly, based on the experimental data mathematical models of elements’ strength were obtained. These models allow evaluating the impact of each factor on the output parameter not only separately, but also in interaction with each other. Furthermore, the material spotlighted by the author describes stress-strain state of the investigated elements, cracking mechanism, changes of deflection values, the influence of mode cyclic loading during the tests. Since the data on the subject are useful and important to building practice, the ultimate aim of the tests will be working out for improvement of nonlinear calculation models of span reinforced concrete constructions taking into account the impact of these loads, and also there will be the development of engineering calculation techniques of their strength, crack resistance and deformability.

Abbreviated Title of the Artwork in the System of Signs by Ch. Peirce

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Grigoriy Valeryevich Tokarev

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The article is devoted to the semiotic aspect of the functioning of the abbreviated title of the postmodern artwork. The authors analyze the relationship of title-sign to the object which it replaces. The title is considered from the perspective of three main features peculiar of the sign in accordance with the Charles S. Peirce's theory. This fact allows us to conclude that, being a sign, the abbreviated title replaces a literary text, which is also expressed in symbolic form of the author's knowledge of reality. In this aspect the title becomes the metasign of its text. It is shown that in this connection, decoding and interpretation process take place in two stages – before reading the text and in the process of its reading and interpretation. It is alleged that the result of the interpretation of the title depends on the reader's competence which is determined by their individual literary scope, as well as by the skills of productive work with the text. On the basis of the classification of signs created by Charles Pierce, it was found that the abbreviated title has a complex semiotic nature combining the features of indexicality, conventionality, and iconicity, the latter of which may be present only in the abbreviated title.

Art form as an object of cognitive modeling (towards development of Vygotsky`s semiotic model)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dmitriev, V. [Oklahoma State Univ. (United States); Perlovsky, L.I.

1996-12-31

We suggest a further development of Vygotsky`s esthetic-semiotic model. First, we discuss Vygotsky`s model originally developed for the analysis of Ivan Bunin`s story {open_quotes}Light Breath{close_quotes}. Vygotsky analyzes formal methods used by Bunin to achieve a specific esthetic effect of {open_quote}lightness{close_quotes} while describing {open_quotes}dirty{close_quotes} events of everyday life. According to Vygotsky, this effect is achieved by ordering of events in a non-linear fashion. Vygotsky creams an airy pattern of smooth lines connecting events of story that he first orders linearly in time. And, he insists that this airy pattern creates an impression of airy lightness. In the language of semiotics, the esthetic effect is created by a specific structural organization of signs. Second, we present our critique of Vygotsky`s model. Although, we do not agree with Vygotsky`s sometimes moralistic judgements, and we consider the dynamics between inner personal values and received moral values to be more complicated than implied in his judgements, our critique in this paper is limited to the structure of his semiotic model. We emphasize that Vygotsky`s model does not explicitly account for a hierarchy of multiple levels of semiotic analysis. His analysis regularly slips from one level to another: (1) a lever of cognitive perception by a regular reader is confused with a level of creative genius of a writer; (2) {open_quotes}open{close_quotes} time of real world is mixed up with {open_quote}closed{close_quote} time of the story; (3) events are not organized by the hierarchy of their importance, nor in real world, nor in the inner model of the personages, nor in the story.

Sign(al)s: Living and Learning as Semiotic Engagement

Science.gov (United States)

Stables, Andrew

2006-01-01

Cartesian mind-body dualism, while often explicitly denied, has left a legacy of conceptions that remain highly influential in education. I argue that trends in both analytic and continental philosophy of language point towards a post-Cartesian settlement in which the distinction between "signs" and "signals" is collapsed, and which thus construes…

A Semiotic profile: Lubomír Doležel

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Sládek, Ondřej; Fořt, Bohumil

-, č. 9 (2012), "4" ISSN 1916-7296 Institutional support: RVO:68378068 Keywords : theory of literature * Doležel, Lubomír * the Prague School * narrative semantics * semiotics * fictional worlds Subject RIV: AJ - Letters, Mass-media, Audiovision http://semioticon.com/semiotix/2012/12/a-semiotic-profile-lubomir-dolezel/

THE SEMANTICAL/SEMIOTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE POEM NAMED “SESSIZ GEMI” / “SESSIZ GEMI” SIIRININ ANLAMBILIMSEL/GÖSTERGEBILIMSEL INCELENMESI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dr. Kamil İŞERİ

2008-09-01

Full Text Available In this study, a poem of Yahya Kemal Beyatlı named SessizGemi will be analysed through a semantic and semiotic point of view.First of all, basic information which will form a basis in poem analysiswill be included. In the light of this information and viewpoint, theassertion that the poem has an “eternity/infinity” theme beyond a“death” theme which is seen in the analysis of the poem in literature,is tried to be proven in terms of semantic/semiotic point of view,making use of associations of the concepts presented and thesignification of concrete/abstract signs. There is a direct relationbetween the interpretation of the world presented and the methodicalviewpoint. In conclusion, it is seen that theoritical determinations affect the viewpoint to ensure objectivity and the analysis presents ascientific aspect.

Capturing the semiotic relationship between terms

Science.gov (United States)

Hargood, Charlie; Millard, David E.; Weal, Mark J.

2010-04-01

Tags describing objects on the web are often treated as facts about a resource, whereas it is quite possible that they represent more subjective observations. Existing methods of term expansion expand terms based on dictionary definitions or statistical information on term occurrence. Here we propose the use of a thematic model for term expansion based on semiotic relationships between terms; this has been shown to improve a system's thematic understanding of content and tags and to tease out the more subjective implications of those tags. Such a system relies on a thematic model that must be made by hand. In this article, we explore a method to capture a semiotic understanding of particular terms using a rule-based guide to authoring a thematic model. Experimentation shows that it is possible to capture valid definitions that can be used for semiotic term expansion but that the guide itself may not be sufficient to support this on a large scale. We argue that whilst the formation of super definitions will mitigate some of these problems, the development of an authoring support tool may be necessary to solve others.

The city as a sign

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kharlamov, Nikita

2012-01-01

. This question is tackled through Jaan Valsiner’s notions of semiotic mediation and regulation. I specifically focus on spatial signs that humans use to regulate the meaning-making process that creates as meaningful what Georges Perec called species of spaces, such as towns and cities. “The city,” from...... this standpoint, becomes one of the most important signs that mediate and regulate our experience of environments we inhabit. I discuss a number of theoretical and methodological directions in which this framework could be further developed to revive the urban, or settlement, psychology, which failed to develop...... Werner, and Bernard Kaplan, and developed as cultural-developmental approach by Jaan Valsiner, the proposed framework centers on the experience of individual organismic relating to spatial environment. I draw on the work of Manuel Castells, Edward Soja, and Yi-Fu Tuan to conceptualize the emergence...

Theory-Based Parameterization of Semiotics for Measuring Pre-literacy Development

Science.gov (United States)

Bezruczko, N.

2013-09-01

A probabilistic model was applied to problem of measuring pre-literacy in young children. First, semiotic philosophy and contemporary cognition research were conceptually integrated to establish theoretical foundations for rating 14 characteristics of children's drawings and narratives (N = 120). Then ratings were transformed with a Rasch model, which estimated linear item parameter values that accounted for 79 percent of rater variance. Principle Components Analysis of item residual matrix confirmed variance remaining after item calibration was largely unsystematic. Validation analyses found positive correlations between semiotic measures and preschool literacy outcomes. Practical implications of a semiotics dimension for preschool practice were discussed.

Theory-Based Parameterization of Semiotics for Measuring Pre-literacy Development

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bezruczko, N

2013-01-01

A probabilistic model was applied to problem of measuring pre-literacy in young children. First, semiotic philosophy and contemporary cognition research were conceptually integrated to establish theoretical foundations for rating 14 characteristics of children's drawings and narratives (N = 120). Then ratings were transformed with a Rasch model, which estimated linear item parameter values that accounted for 79 percent of rater variance. Principle Components Analysis of item residual matrix confirmed variance remaining after item calibration was largely unsystematic. Validation analyses found positive correlations between semiotic measures and preschool literacy outcomes. Practical implications of a semiotics dimension for preschool practice were discussed

Naturalizing semiotics: The triadic sign of Charles Sanders Peirce as a systems property

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kilstrup, Mogens

2015-01-01

The father of pragmatism, Charles Sanders Peirce, gave in 1903 the following definition of a sign: "A Sign, or Representamen, is a First which stands in such a genuine triadic relation to a Second, called its Object, as to be capable of determining a Third, called its Interpretant, to assume...... of Peirce's other statements about the nature of signs fall into place. Instead of defining three links between Object (O), Representamen (R), and Interpretant (I), the sign is described as having a single three-dimensional link, specifying its location in a three dimensional (O,R,I) linkage space...... linkage is used for inferring significance to a novel phenomenon, if this satisfies the criteria for being a Representamen for the sign. Numerous statements from Peirce indicate that he used a two-staged semiosis paradigm although he did not state that explicitly.The three-dimensional model was primarily...

The Effectiveness of Computers on Vocabulary Learning among Preschool Children: A Semiotic Approach

Science.gov (United States)

Basoz, Tutku; Can, Dilek Tüfekci

2016-01-01

Semiotics has recently achieved some prominence as a theoretical foundation for foreign language learning/teaching. Though there have been a number of research on the semiotics in foreign language learning, the practical use of semiotics in preschool classroom environment still remains unanswered. What is more, the effectiveness of computers on…

Faecal loading in the cecum as a new radiological sign of acute appendicitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petroianu, Andy

2005-01-01

Purpose: Although the radiological features of acute appendicitis have been well documented, the value of the plain radiography has not been fully appreciated. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of the association of acute appendicitis and images of faecal loading in the cecum. Methods: Plain abdominal radiographs of 100 consecutive adult patients operated on acute appendicitis were assessed. The presence of faecal loading was registered. Results: The presence of faecal loading in the cecum occurred in 97 of the cases of acute appendicitis. Conclusion: This study seems to demonstrate that the presence of radiological images of faecal loading in the cecum may be a useful sign of acute appendicitis

Konsep Dasar Semiotika Dalam Komunikasi Massa Menurut Charles Sanders Pierce

OpenAIRE

Suherdiana, Dadan

2008-01-01

Sign or symbol in mass communication is not something with without makna. Nevertheless, it is not easy for anyone to can comprehend that sign. Minimally, that is a method for it, is named semiotic. Charles Sanders Pierce introduce pragmatism for this method. For him, semiotics have three researches area: syntactic semiotic, semantic semiotic and pragmatic semiotic. Sintaktic semiotic, teach the relation between sign with others sign; semantic semiotic, teach the relation and consequence in in...

The semiotics of control and modeling relations in complex systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Joslyn, C

2001-01-01

We provide a conceptual analysis of ideas and principles from the systems theory discourse which underlie Pattee's semantic or semiotic closure, which is itself foundational for a school of theoretical biology derived from systems theory and cybernetics, and is now being related to biological semiotics and explicated in the relational biological school of Rashevsky and Rosen. Atomic control systems and models are described as the canonical forms of semiotic organization, sharing measurement relations, but differing topologically in that control systems are circularly and models linearly related to their environments. Computation in control systems is introduced, motivating hierarchical decomposition, hybrid modeling and control systems, and anticipatory or model-based control. The semiotic relations in complex control systems are described in terms of relational constraints, and rules and laws are distinguished as contingent and necessary functional entailments, respectively. Finally, selection as a meta-level of constraint is introduced as the necessary condition for semantic relations in control systems and models.

C. S. Peirce’s Semiotic Answer to the Riddle of Consciousness

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brier, Søren

A scientific explanation of consciousness that is not partially based on phenomenology seems logically impossible. C.S. Peirce’s pragmaticist semiotics attempts to bridge the gap between natural sciences and humanities by combining a phenomenological approach with an evolutionary and realistic...... understanding of nature and society in the development of a new transdisicplinary and evolutionary theory of meaning and logic in a semiotic theory of mind and consciousness. Though a contributor to the development of modern logic and science Peirce, through inventing a semiotics that embraced phenomenology...

NOTION VS TERM: LINGUO-SEMIOTIC ASPECT

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tatyana Viktorovna Tyurneva

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Purpose. As the title implies the article describes linguo-semiotic analysis of the notion and term suggesting differentiation of the mental entities based on discourse community classification. The paper is concerned with peculiarities of notion and term interpretation illustrating their different nature as well as sphere of usage. Methods and methodology. To achieve the objectives the following methods were used: interpretive method, method of speech act analysis, definitional analysis. Results. The article presents a study of semiotic entities in relation to certain discursive practices that allows us to differentiate the term and concept. Applications. Results of the study can be used in teaching such university courses as intercultural communication, discourse analysis and interpretation of the text.

Semiotic Selection of Mutated or Misfolded Receptor Proteins

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Giorgi, Franco; Bruni, Luis Emilio; Maggio, Roberto

2013-01-01

contention that the plasma membrane acts as the locus where several contextual cues may be integrated. As such it allows the semiotic selection of those receptor configurations that provide cells with the minimum essential requirements for agency. The occurrence of protein misfolding makes it impossible...... focused on the significance and semiotic nature of the interplay between membrane receptors and the epigenetic control of gene expression, as mediated by the control of mismatched repairing and protein folding mechanisms....

A Semiotic Reading of Digital Avatars and Their Role of Uncertainty Reduction in Digital Communication

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sercan Şengün

2014-12-01

Full Text Available This study tries to explain the role of digital avatars for communication in two distinct ways. In the first part it debates what kinds of meanings avatars have for their users. To answer this question based on semiotic theories of Saussure and Lacan, a new approach will be proposed. Saussure’s theory of signs and Lacan’s theory of chain of signifiers as an entry for self, will be merged to form a new viewpoint. In the second part, the role of avatars in the digital communication for the receivers will be approached by Berger’s uncertainty reduction theory.

Translanguaging and Semiotic Assemblages

Science.gov (United States)

Pennycook, Alastair

2017-01-01

This paper asks what translanguaging could start to look like if it incorporated an expanded version of language and questioned not only to the borders between languages but also the borders between semiotic modes. Developing the idea of spatial repertoires and assemblages, and looking at data from a Bangladeshi-owned corner shop, this paper…

ACCOUNTING – A SEMIOTIC PROCESS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rotila Aristita

2009-05-01

Full Text Available The final product of accounting which is intended towards satisfying the informational needs of the various users is a component part of a semiotic communication process whose outcome is that the transmitted messages “bear” in themselves knowledge/ inform

[Roentgenological semiotics of sarcoidosis].

Science.gov (United States)

Terpigorev, S A; Stashuk, G A; Dubrova, S E

2008-01-01

The aim of this review was to summarize semiotics of X-ray and CT-observable manifestations of intrathoracic sarcoidosis and clarify the role of conventional X-ray examination and CT (including high resolution CT) in the diagnosis of this disease and its complications. Also analysed are changes in pulmonary parenchyma compared with those detected in morphological studies.

Sites of Sign-Production and Interpretation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria-Ana Tupan

2016-03-01

Full Text Available T.S. Eliot’s query in The Waste Land, “Who is the third who walks always beside you?” may be said to sum up the hermeneutic situation of any language act, whether of sign production or interpretation. Whereas traditional topoi of expressionist aesthetics, such as the artist’s subjectivity, empirical psychology, truthfulness, intentionality, etc. have become irrelevant in the heteroglottic discourse of the most famous dirge on the decaying West, Eliot’s awareness of the matrical role of cultural semiosis allows us to place him among the founding fathers of semiotic aesthetics. The anagnorisis episode in The Waste Land is one of appropriate reading of the body of Christ through knowledge of the crucifixion scene and associated symbolism.Rooted in the insights of Charles Peirce Sanders and Charles Morris, and enlarged by post-war contributors, such as Roland Barthes, Umberto Eco, Michael B. Hardt, Richard Rudner, Foucault, Vattimo, Baudrillard and Deleuze, the semiotic, cultural materialist, or genetic approach  to art makes interpretation dependent on a mediating third (Peirce: the Interpretant, which is variously related to context, regime of signification, episteme, schemata, generic convention, structure of feeling, triangulation of desire ...

X-ray semiotics of radiations affections of the lungs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rabinovich, R.M.; Shapiro, I.V.

1976-01-01

On the hasis of analysis of roentgenograms, tomograms, and bronchograms in 189 patients a repeated study was made of the X-ray semiotics of radiation affections of the lungs. The leading roentgenological symptom of radiation affections of the lungs irrespective of their primary localization, was linear deformity and intensification of the broncho-vascular patten in the peripheral zone. This was expressed on roentgenograms in the form of radially- and cross- coursing shadows from the root: tomog.raphically it was manifested in narrowed shadows of the vessels, a change of their course, their approximation and a tendency to approach the centre; analogous disturbances of topography of the bronchi with phenomena of deforming bronchitis were seen in bronchography. A significant si.gn of radiation injuries of the lung tissue is a tendency to progressive development of connective tissue, which was expressed roentgenologically in extensive pneumosclerosis, sometimes with an outcome into fibrothorax with marked topographic disturbances. Radiation injuries are accompanied by an adhesive reaction of the pleura

Young Indigenous Students' Engagement with Growing Pattern Tasks: A Semiotic Perspective

Science.gov (United States)

Miller, Jodie

2015-01-01

The aim of this study was to determine the role of semiotics in assisting young Indigenous students to engage with and identify the general structure of growing patterns. The theoretical perspective of semiotics underpinned the study. Data are drawn from two Year 3 students, including analysis of pretest questions and two conjecture-driven…

Pragmatic Computing - A Semiotic Perspective to Web Services

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Kecheng

The web seems to have evolved from a syntactic web, a semantic web to a pragmatic web. This evolution conforms to the study of information and technology from the theory of semiotics. The pragmatics, concerning with the use of information in relation to the context and intended purposes, is extremely important in web service and applications. Much research in pragmatics has been carried out; but in the same time, attempts and solutions have led to some more questions. After reviewing the current work in pragmatic web, the paper presents a semiotic approach to website services, particularly on request decomposition and service aggregation.

Humans in innovative work – a semiotic discussion

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bendixen, Mads

' as always coming from the 'outside' and that the more attachments an actor has the better. It is argued that this approach has a tendency to disregard some effects of, for instance, human materiality and self-control, relating for instance to work stress. Thus, ANT tends to not thoroughly utilize its...... principle of generalized symmetry when it comes to humans in innovative work. It is further argued that the proposed negligence may be due to some implications of the semiotic heritage affecting the approach. These limitations are related to a 'dyadic semiotics' adhering to the principle of meaning as 'a...

Composite Agency: Semiotics of Modularity and Guiding Interactions.

Science.gov (United States)

Sharov, Alexei A

2017-07-01

Principles of constructivism are used here to explore how organisms develop tools, subagents, scaffolds, signs, and adaptations. Here I discuss reasons why organisms have composite nature and include diverse subagents that interact in partially cooperating and partially conflicting ways. Such modularity is necessary for efficient and robust functionality, including mutual construction and adaptability at various time scales. Subagents interact via material and semiotic relations, some of which force or prescribe actions of partners. Other interactions, which I call "guiding", do not have immediate effects and do not disrupt the evolution and learning capacity of partner agents. However, they modify the extent of learning and evolutionary possibilities of partners via establishment of scaffolds and constraints. As a result, subagents construct reciprocal scaffolding for each other to rebalance their communal evolution and learning. As an example, I discuss guiding interactions between the body and mind of animals, where the pain system adjusts mind-based learning to the physical and physiological constraints of the body. Reciprocal effects of mind and behaviors on the development and evolution of the body includes the effects of Lamarck and Baldwin.

Socio-Semiotic Patterns in Digital Meaning-Making: Semiotic Choice as Indicator of Communicative Experience

Science.gov (United States)

Sofkova Hashemi, Sylvana

2017-01-01

Access to digital technology in the classroom enables the composition and organization of ideas on screen with a variety of semiotic systems of different modes and media. This study explores patterns of communication and preference of design in digital meaning-making of twelve 7-8 years old students. Meanings were shaped in complex uses and…

The Semiotics of Education: A New Vision in an Old Landscape

Science.gov (United States)

Pikkarainen, Eetu

2011-01-01

In this article, I attempt to describe how certain theoretical constructions of semiotics could be applied in educational theoretical work. First I introduce meaning as a basic concept of semiotics, thus also touching on concepts such as action, competence and causality. I am then able to define learning as a change of competences, and also refer…

Signs of learning in kinaesthetic science activities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bruun, Jesper; Johannsen, Bjørn Friis

that students use bodily explorations to construct meaning and understanding from kinaesthetic learning that is relevant to school physics? To answer the question, we employ a semiotics perspective to analyse data from a 1-hour lesson for 8-9th graders which introduced students to kinaesthetic activities, where......?”). The analysis is conducted by searching the data to find episodes that illustrate student activity which can serve as a sign of the object that the ‘experiential gestalt of causation’ is employed in the construction of the intended learning outcome. In essence, we study a chaotic but authentic teaching...

Semiotics of constructed complex systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Landauer, C.; Bellman, K.L.

1996-12-31

The scope of this paper is limited to software and other constructed complex systems mediated or integrated by software. Our research program studies foundational issues that we believe will help us develop a theoretically sound approach to constructing complex systems. There have really been only two theoretical approaches that have helped us understand and develop computational systems: mathematics and linguistics. We show how semiotics can also play a role, whether we think of it as part of these other theories or as subsuming one or both of them. We describe our notion of {open_quotes}computational semiotics{close_quotes}, which we define to be the study of computational methods of dealing with symbols, show how such a theory might be formed, and describe what we might get from it in terms of more interesting use of symbols by computing systems. This research was supported in part by the Federal Highway Administration`s Office of Advanced Research and by the Advanced Research Projects Agency`s Software and Intelligent Systems Technology Office.

Semiotic Approaches to Media Language

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ejstrup, Michael; Jakobsen, Bjarne le Fevre

2016-01-01

Semiotic analysis of media language aims for a social and cultural interpretation of a given communication. Be clear, not obscure. One of the four maxims for optimal communication tells that it is essential to develop proficiency in being concise and clear. The question is whether this is really ...... awareness seems to be crucial for the survival of free speech....

Music and Semiotics: An Experiential Approach to Musical Sense-making

OpenAIRE

Reybrouck, Mark

2017-01-01

This chapter sketches recent evolutions of semiotics as applied to music. Rather than providing merely a historical overview, it focusses mainly on the pragmatic turn in semiotics and the role of sensory experience in the process of musical sense-making. In order to elaborate on this experience, it delves into theoretical groundings of second-order cybernetics, biosemiotics and ecological psychology, which are then applied to the field of music. Much effort is made to provide a broader framew...

Developing General Cultural Literacy through Teaching English in a Russian University: Competence and Semiotic Approach

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Svetlana A. Zolotareva

2014-03-01

Full Text Available The article is devoted to some of the issues of teaching English in a Russian university, which arouse as a result of introducing new educational standards and it discusses the ways of forming students’ general cultural competence by using authentic curricula, in order to meet the requirements of those standards. It also shows the importance of semiotics for acquisition a foreign language and culture, and reveals the worth of “personalia” as a culture language sign, as well as peculiarity of its functioning, which lies in its ability to represent social and cultural values and priorities in personal-precedential form, thus making a contribution to developingan individual’sconcept scheme and, consequently, general cultural literacy.

Semiotics, Information Science, Documents and Computers.

Science.gov (United States)

Warner, Julian

1990-01-01

Discusses the relationship and value of semiotics to the established domains of information science. Highlights include documentation; computer operations; the language of computing; automata theory; linguistics; speech and writing; and the written language as a unifying principle for the document and the computer. (93 references) (LRW)

Research of Applying Semiotic Theory in Interface Design of Mobile Phone

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

王南

2017-01-01

Mobile phone has become the most important daily device in modern society since 21st century. What's more, it will continue to play a significant role in people 's daily life in the foreseeable near future. An outstanding interface design can not only bring convenience to users, but also strengthen users'experience feelings and give customers more fun and joy. This paper is mainly about how to use semiotic theory in the application of phone interface design. By analyzing basic elements of signal trans?mission as well as"Triplet Theory"in semiotics, and practicing every single element in the design, the value of semiotics applica?tion can be clearly shown. That is, to help interface designer understand customers better and fulfill their needs more accurately and to accomplish fantastic designs in mobile interface.

The Semiotics and Rhetoric of Music

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kock, Christian Erik J

2017-01-01

Does music have meanings? If so, what are they like? These questions concern the semiotics of music. I will address these questions, using evidence from what I call aesthetic protocol analysis. I will further ask about the rhetorical significance of music having the kind of semiotics it apparently...... has. Given that music has the meanings it does, in the way it does, then what is the aesthetic function of that? In my view, asking what role meanings in music play for its aesthetic effect is to ask a rhetorician’s question. Rhetoricians will want to know what sorts of things artifacts do, and how...... they do them. That also goes for artifacts whose function is to provide aesthetic experience—and that, I believe, is what many of us listen to music for most of the time. So I wish to say something about what role the experience of musical meanings plays in this....

Manipulatives and Problem Situations as Escalators for Students' Geometric Understanding: A Semiotic Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Daher, Wajeeh M.

2014-01-01

Mathematical learning and teaching are increasingly seen as a multimodal experience involved in cultural and social semiotic registers and means, and as such social-cultural semiotic analysis is expected to shed light on learning and teaching processes occurring in the mathematics classroom. In this research, three social-cultural semiotic…

The Inter-Semiotic Negotiation between the Literary and the Cinematographic Image

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carmen DOMINTE

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Considering the postmodern perspective, a text or a discourse never ends, but continues in other texts and discourses. Besides the physical limits, any literary text or discourse develops in a literary system of references belonging to other texts or discourses. The concept of inter-semiotic negotiation describes the process of inter-action realized between two semiotic systems and shows that the meaning generated from one system can be transposed into another semiotic system and, even more, from the writer to the reader, and even further, from the director to the spectator, but mediated through different types of codes. Transferring the aesthetic meaning from one form of art (literature to another (cinematography, there are specific changes for the artistic manner of performance and reception but the common element that may link both arts is represented by the image: literary and cinematographic.

Semiotics of Identity: Politics and Education

Science.gov (United States)

Szkudlarek, Tomasz

2011-01-01

In this text I concentrate on semiotic aspects of the theory of political identity in the work of Ernesto Laclau, and especially on the connection between metaphors, metonymies, catachreses and synecdoches. Those tropes are of ontological status, and therefore they are of key importance in understanding the discursive "production" of…

Semiotic Mediation within an AT Frame

Science.gov (United States)

Maracci, Mirko; Mariotti, Maria Alessandra

2013-01-01

This article is meant to present a specific elaboration of the notion of mediation in relation to the use of artefacts to enhance mathematics teaching and learning: the elaboration offered by the Theory of Semiotic Mediation. In particular, it provides an explicit model--consistent with the activity-actions-operations framework--of the actions…

Novel aspects in diagnostic approach to respiratory patients: is it the time for a new semiotics?

Science.gov (United States)

Soldati, Gino; Smargiassi, Andrea; Mariani, Alberto A; Inchingolo, Riccardo

2017-01-01

Medical approach to patients is a fundamental step to get the correct diagnosis. The aim of this paper is to analyze some aspects of the reasoning process inherent in medical diagnosis in our era. Pathologic signs (anamnestic data, symptoms, semiotics, laboratory and strumental findings) represent informative phenomena to be integrated for inferring a diagnosis. Thus, diagnosis begins with "signs" and finishes in a probability of disease. The abductive reasoning process is the generation of a hypothesis to explain one or more observations (signs) in order to decide between alternative explanations searching the best one. This process is iterative during the diagnostic activity while collecting further observations and it could be creative generating new knowledge about what has not been experienced before. In the clinical setting the abductive process is not only theoretical, conversely the physical exploitation of the patient (palpation, percussion, auscultation) is always crucial. Through this manipulative abduction, new and still unexpressed information is discovered and evaluated and physicians are able "to think through doing" to get the correct diagnosis. Abductive inferential path originates with an emotional reaction (discovery of the signs), step by step explanations are formed and it ends with another emotional reaction (diagnosis). Few bedside instruments are allowed to physicians to amplify their ability to search for signs. Stethoscope is an example. Similarities between ultrasound exploration and percussion can be found. Bedside ultrasonography can be considered an external amplifier of signs, a particular kind of percussion and represents a valid example of abductive manipulation. In this searching for signs doctors act like detectives and sometimes the discovering of a strategic, unsuspected sign during abductive manipulation could represent the key point for the correct diagnosis. This condition is called serendipity. Ultrasound is a powerful tool

What Does It Take to Produce Interpretation? Informational, Peircean, and Code-Semiotic Views on Biosemiotics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brier, Soren; Joslyn, Cliff A.

2013-04-01

This paper presents a critical analysis of code-semiotics, which we see as the latest attempt to create paradigmatic foundation for solving the question of the emergence of life and consciousness. We view code semiotics as a an attempt to revise the empirical scientific Darwinian paradigm, and to go beyond the complex systems, emergence, self-organization, and informational paradigms, and also the selfish gene theory of Dawkins and the Peircean pragmaticist semiotic theory built on the simultaneous types of evolution. As such it is a new and bold attempt to use semiotics to solve the problems created by the evolutionary paradigm’s commitment to produce a theory of how to connect the two sides of the Cartesian dualistic view of physical reality and consciousness in a consistent way.

Orchestrating Semiotic Resources in Explicit Strategy Instruction

Science.gov (United States)

Shanahan, Lynn E.; Flury-Kashmanian, Caroline

2014-01-01

Research and pedagogical information provided to teachers on implementing explicit strategy instruction has primarily focused on teachers' speech, with limited attention to other modes of communication, such as gesture and artefacts. This interpretive case study investigates two teachers' use of different semiotic resources when introducing…

[MRI semiotics features of experimental acute intracerebral hematomas].

Science.gov (United States)

Burenchev, D V; Skvortsova, V I; Tvorogova, T V; Guseva, O I; Gubskiĭ, L V; Kupriianov, D A; Pirogov, Iu A

2009-01-01

The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of revealing intracerebral hematomas (ICH), using MRI, within the first hours after onset and to determine their MRI semiotics features. Thirty animals with experimental ICH were studied. A method of two-stage introduction of autologous blood was used to develop ICH as human spontaneous intracranial hematomas. Within 3-5h after blood introduction to the rat brain. The control MRI was performed in the 3rd and 7th days after blood injections. ICH were definitely identified in the first MRI scans. The MRI semiotics features of acute ICH and their transformations were assessed. The high sensitivity of MRI to ICH as well as the uniform manifestations in all animals were shown. In conclusion, the method has high specificity for acute ICH detection.

Troubling distinctions: a semiotics of the nursing/technology relationship.

Science.gov (United States)

Sandelowski, M

1999-09-01

I consider the discursive practices that have served conceptually and ontologically to trouble the boundaries between nursing and technology: between nurse/human/subject and machine/non-human/object. Nursing and technology have been semiotically related largely by two processes: (a) by the metaphor that depicts nursing as technology and (b) by opposition, or as not like and even in conflict with technology. Less frequently but no less significantly, nursing and technology have been semiotically linked (c) by the metaphor that depicts technology as nursing and (d) by metonymy, or by word or picture juxtapositions of nursing with technology. The troubling distinctions between nursing and technology suggest yet another reason why the construction of difference continues to elude nursing.

Experimental semiotics: a review.

Science.gov (United States)

Galantucci, Bruno; Garrod, Simon

2011-01-01

In the last few years a new line of research has appeared in the literature. This line of research, which may be referred to as experimental semiotics (ES; Galantucci, 2009; Galantucci and Garrod, 2010), focuses on the experimental investigation of novel forms of human communication. In this review we will (a) situate ES in its conceptual context, (b) illustrate the main varieties of studies thus far conducted by experimental semioticians, (c) illustrate three main themes of investigation which have emerged within this line of research, and (d) consider implications of this work for cognitive neuroscience.

The semiosis of the Anthropocene geological era. Reflections between geoethics and semiotics starting from Peirce's triangle

Science.gov (United States)

De Pascale, Francesco; Dattilo, Valeria

2016-04-01

This paper presents the first formulation of a theoretical proposal which aims to reconcile, or better, to work together, two different approaches: geoethics and the semiotic tradition of Peirce, on the basis of some important affinities. We will refer to geoethics, discipline that deals with the ethical, social and cultural implications of geological and geographical practice, at the intersection of Geoscience, Geography, Philosophy, Sociology and Economy. The proposal of this work is to try to explain the new processes of the Anthropocene era through geoethics and semiotics, using as a "translator mechanism" one of the key notions of Peirce semiotics: the semiotic triangle. On the one hand, we employ the geoethical paradigm as a possible interpretative framework for such processes (in other words, we identify in the geoethical paradigm a significant exemplification of hippocratic type, according to some scientists); on the other hand, we use the triangle "geology / geography - planet illness - society", as a metaphor of the principles and the processes inherent Anthropocene era, able to return them in a particularly random way through the semiotic triangulation of Peirce.

Role of a Semiotics-Based Curriculum in Empathy Enhancement: A Longitudinal Study in Three Dominican Medical Schools.

Science.gov (United States)

San-Martín, Montserrat; Delgado-Bolton, Roberto; Vivanco, Luis

2017-01-01

Background: Empathy in the context of patient care is defined as a predominantly cognitive attribute that involves an understanding of the patient's experiences, concerns, and perspectives, combined with a capacity to communicate this understanding and an intention to help. In medical education, it is recognized that empathy can be improved by interventional approaches. In this sense, a semiotic-based curriculum could be an important didactic tool for improving medical empathy. The main purpose of this study was to determine if in medical schools where a semiotic-based curriculum is offered, the empathetic orientation of medical students improves as a consequence of the acquisition and development of students' communication skills that are required in clinician-patient encounters. Design: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in three medical schools of the Dominican Republic that offer three different medical curricula: (i) a theoretical and practical semiotic-based curriculum; (ii) a theoretical semiotic-based curriculum; and (iii) a curriculum without semiotic courses. The Jefferson scale of empathy was administered in two different moments to students enrolled in pre-clinical cycles of those institutions. Data was subjected to comparative statistical analysis and logistic regression analysis. Results: The study included 165 students (55 male and 110 female). Comparison analysis showed statistically significant differences in the development of empathy among groups ( p semiotic-based curriculum contributed toward the enhancement of empathy. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the importance of medical semiotics as a didactic teaching method for improving beginners' empathetic orientation in patients' care.

Investigation of Semiotics in Public Service Anouncement of Radio Health Channel

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tahere Jolani

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Semiotics is one of the branches seem that comprehending of It is very helpful in the process of programming the new structures in the mass media programming ; and one of these new formats called public service announcement (PSA is not an exception among them. The author of this study examines the semiotics of factors and constructive elements of PSA in the radio channel of health. A channel that appears in today's fast world has very important tips in health realm.

Meaning Making through Multiple Modalities in a Biology Classroom: A Multimodal Semiotics Discourse Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Jaipal, Kamini

2010-01-01

The teaching of science is a complex process, involving the use of multiple modalities. This paper illustrates the potential of a multimodal semiotics discourse analysis framework to illuminate meaning-making possibilities during the teaching of a science concept. A multimodal semiotics analytical framework is developed and used to (1) analyze the…

Piano Performance in a Semiotic Key : Society, Musical Canon and Novel Discourses

OpenAIRE

Navickaitė-Martinelli, Lina

2014-01-01

In an attempt to expand and enrich the existing trends of musical performance studies, as well as exploit the potentials of semiotic analysis, this dissertation offers the theoretical perspective that enables the unfolding of the multiple meanings generated by and communicated through the performer s art. Without denying that musical performance is inevitably associated with the opus, the semiotic approach, it is proposed here, should study performance as encompassing all the exogenic me...

Role of a Semiotics-Based Curriculum in Empathy Enhancement: A Longitudinal Study in Three Dominican Medical Schools

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Montserrat San-Martín

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Background: Empathy in the context of patient care is defined as a predominantly cognitive attribute that involves an understanding of the patient’s experiences, concerns, and perspectives, combined with a capacity to communicate this understanding and an intention to help. In medical education, it is recognized that empathy can be improved by interventional approaches. In this sense, a semiotic-based curriculum could be an important didactic tool for improving medical empathy. The main purpose of this study was to determine if in medical schools where a semiotic-based curriculum is offered, the empathetic orientation of medical students improves as a consequence of the acquisition and development of students’ communication skills that are required in clinician–patient encounters.Design: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in three medical schools of the Dominican Republic that offer three different medical curricula: (i a theoretical and practical semiotic-based curriculum; (ii a theoretical semiotic-based curriculum; and (iii a curriculum without semiotic courses. The Jefferson scale of empathy was administered in two different moments to students enrolled in pre-clinical cycles of those institutions. Data was subjected to comparative statistical analysis and logistic regression analysis.Results: The study included 165 students (55 male and 110 female. Comparison analysis showed statistically significant differences in the development of empathy among groups (p < 0.001. Logistic regression confirmed that gender, age, and a semiotic-based curriculum contributed toward the enhancement of empathy.Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the importance of medical semiotics as a didactic teaching method for improving beginners’ empathetic orientation in patients’ care.

Information and Signs: The Language of Images

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Inna Semetsky

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Since time immemorial, philosophers and scientists were searching for a “machine code” of the so-called Mentalese language capable of processing information at the pre-verbal, pre-expressive level. In this paper I suggest that human languages are only secondary to the system of primitive extra-linguistic signs which are hardwired in humans and serve as tools for understanding selves and others; and creating meanings for the multiplicity of experiences. The combinatorial semantics of the Mentalese may find its unorthodox expression in the semiotic system of Tarot images, the latter serving as the ”keys” to the encoded proto-mental information. The paper uses some works in systems theory by Erich Jantsch and Erwin Laszlo and relates Tarot images to the archetypes of the field of collective unconscious posited by Carl Jung. Our subconscious beliefs, hopes, fears and desires, of which we may be unaware at the subjective level, do have an objective compositional structure that may be laid down in front of our eyes in the format of pictorial semiotics representing the universe of affects, thoughts, and actions. Constructing imaginative narratives based on the expressive “language” of Tarot images enables us to anticipate possible consequences and consider a range of future options. The thesis advanced in this paper is also supported by the concept of informational universe of contemporary cosmology.

A Semiotic Analysis of Visual Elements Particular to the Medium of Comics in Alan Ford by Max Bunker and Magnus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hrvoje Gržina

2014-12-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the results of a semiotic analysis of visual elements characteristic for the medium of comic books applied to the first seventy-five issues of the Croatian edition of Alan Ford. After a description of the cultural and historical framework, it analyzes individual signs in comics and different elements specific for expression in comic books in Western culture with the aim of exploring which of these signs are present in Alan Ford, and to what extent. The results show that the analyzed comic book is deeply rooted in the visual and literary Western tradition, and that it contains virtually all the characteristic elements of representation in comic books. However, the paper also concludes that certain iconic elements of the vocabulary of comics – i.e. onomatopoeic neologisms – are to a certain extent specific and typical only for Alan Ford.

Mukařovský´s Structuralism and Semiotics

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Sládek, Ondřej

2016-01-01

Roč. 53, č. 2 (2016), s. 184-199 ISSN 0014-1291 Institutional support: RVO:68378068 Keywords : Mukařovský, Jan * structuralism * semiotics * Prague School Subject RIV: AJ - Letters, Mass-media, Audiovision

Experimental semiotics: a new approach for studying communication as a form of joint action.

Science.gov (United States)

Galantucci, Bruno

2009-04-01

In the last few years, researchers have begun to investigate the emergence of novel forms of human communication in the laboratory. I survey this growing line of research, which may be called experimental semiotics, from three distinct angles. First, I situate the new approach in its theoretical and historical context. Second, I review a sample of studies that exemplify experimental semiotics. Third, I present an empirical study that illustrates how the new approach can help us understand the socio-cognitive underpinnings of human communication. The main conclusion of the paper will be that, by reproducing micro samples of historical processes in the laboratory, experimental semiotics offers new powerful tools for investigating human communication as a form of joint action. Copyright © 2009 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

Semiotic aspects of control and modeling relations in complex systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Joslyn, C.

1996-08-01

A conceptual analysis of the semiotic nature of control is provided with the goal of elucidating its nature in complex systems. Control is identified as a canonical form of semiotic relation of a system to its environment. As a form of constraint between a system and its environment, its necessary and sufficient conditions are established, and the stabilities resulting from control are distinguished from other forms of stability. These result from the presence of semantic coding relations, and thus the class of control systems is hypothesized to be equivalent to that of semiotic systems. Control systems are contrasted with models, which, while they have the same measurement functions as control systems, do not necessarily require semantic relations because of the lack of the requirement of an interpreter. A hybrid construction of models in control systems is detailed. Towards the goal of considering the nature of control in complex systems, the possible relations among collections of control systems are considered. Powers arguments on conflict among control systems and the possible nature of control in social systems are reviewed, and reconsidered based on our observations about hierarchical control. Finally, we discuss the necessary semantic functions which must be present in complex systems for control in this sense to be present at all.

The Religious Affordance of Fiction : A Semiotic Approach

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Davidsen, M.A.

2016-01-01

A curious aspect of late modern religion is the emergence of fiction-based religions, such as Jediism, based on George Lucas’ Star Wars saga, and Tolkien spirituality, based on J.R.R. Tolkien’s literary mythology about Middle-earth. This article draws on narrative semiotics to explain why some

A Semiotic Analysis on Movie Posters of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows

OpenAIRE

BURTY, ANNISA DHANIA

2013-01-01

Burty, Annisa Dhania. 2013., A Semiotic Analysis on Movie Posters of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. Study Program of English, Universitas Brawijaya. Supervisor: Iis Nur Rodliyah; Co-supervisor: Emy Sudarwati Movie poster has a commercial purpose as medium to advertise a movie. It delivers what the movie is all about. In this study, the writer chooses the movie poster of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallowsas the object to be analyzed using semiotic study. This sequel is divided into t...

Clues as information, the semiotic gap, and inferential investigative processes, or making a (very small) contribution to the new discipline, Forensic Semiotics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sørensen, Bent; Thellefsen, Torkild Leo; Thellefsen, Martin Muderspach

2017-01-01

In this article, we try to contribute to the new discipline Forensic Semiotics – a discipline introduced by the Canadian polymath Marcel Danesi. We focus on clues as information and criminal investigative processes as inferential. These inferential (and Peircean) processes have a certain complexity...

Semiotic Approach to the Analysis of Children's Drawings

Science.gov (United States)

Turkcan, Burcin

2013-01-01

Semiotics, which is used for the analysis of a number of communication languages, helps describe the specific operational rules by determining the sub-systems included in the field it examines. Considering that art is a communication language, this approach could be used in analyzing children's products in art education. The present study aiming…

"I've Got an Idea": A Social Semiotic Perspective on Agency in the Second Language Classroom

Science.gov (United States)

Pinnow, Rachel J.

2011-01-01

This paper addresses the role of multimodal fluency in establishing agency in the second language classroom. The focus of the paper is on the semiotic resourcefulness of an English Language Learner in an English as a Second Language classroom in the United States. Framed from a social semiotic perspective, fine grained multimodal analysis of…

A social semiotic theory of synesthesia? - A discussion paper

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Van Leeuwen, T.

2016-01-01

After a brief survey of ideas about synesthesia in philosophy, science and the arts, this paper explores the common qualities of the parameters of colour, graphic shape (including typography), timbre and texture, hypothesizes a number of points of correspondence and argues for their semiotic...

Reification in the Learning of Square Roots in a Ninth Grade Classroom: Combining Semiotic and Discursive Approaches

Science.gov (United States)

Shinno, Yusuke

2018-01-01

This paper reports on combining semiotic and discursive approaches to reification in classroom interactions. It focuses on the discursive characteristics and semiotic processes involved in the teaching and learning of square roots in a ninth grade classroom in Japan. The purpose of this study is to characterize the development of mathematical…

Use of images in Social Studies and Science lessons: Teaching through visual semiotic potential

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valentina Haas Prieto

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Learners access the school curriculum through meanings created among a variety of semiotic modes (diagrams, photographs, drawings, writing, etc., this learning enables them to join a worldview as they do in each curricular discipline. From a pedagogical and semiotic gaze to classroom interaction, we focus on the use of images in teaching, in relation to their potential to create meaning in social studies and science lessons. This article is part of Fondecyt 1130684 and systematizes methodological tools from Social Semiotics and multimodality used to explore the semiotic potential of a set images used by teachers of elementary and secondary in a public school. From an audiovisual corpus of lessons of a complete curricular unit, we analyze Social Studies and Science videos from the two subjects in 3rd, 6th grade of elementary and 1st grade of secondary school. Through a Multimodal Discourse Analysis using the concepts of ideational or representational metafunction and the categories of Visual Grammar Design, we show examples of situated images anylisis. The results show how the meaning in the image is modified when teachers use them in face to face interaction. This analysis should help teachers to select and deploy images in terms of improving the learning process and teaching materials they prepare for students.

Aspects of Text Mining From Computational Semiotics to Systemic Functional Hypertexts

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexander Mehler

2001-05-01

Full Text Available The significance of natural language texts as the prime information structure for the management and dissemination of knowledge in organisations is still increasing. Making relevant documents available depending on varying tasks in different contexts is of primary importance for any efficient task completion. Implementing this demand requires the content based processing of texts, which enables to reconstruct or, if necessary, to explore the relationship of task, context and document. Text mining is a technology that is suitable for solving problems of this kind. In the following, semiotic aspects of text mining are investigated. Based on the primary object of text mining - natural language lexis - the specific complexity of this class of signs is outlined and requirements for the implementation of text mining procedures are derived. This is done with reference to text linkage introduced as a special task in text mining. Text linkage refers to the exploration of implicit, content based relations of texts (and their annotation as typed links in corpora possibly organised as hypertexts. In this context, the term systemic functional hypertext is introduced, which distinguishes genre and register layers for the management of links in a poly-level hypertext system.

Figures of speech, signs of knowing: Towards a semiotic view of science conceptualization

Science.gov (United States)

Wizinowich, Janice Ingrid

Models for science education, rather than paralleling the process of scientific discovery, have traditionally involved the dissemination of information through texts and controlled lab experiences. These have had limited effect in the development of science concepts. Therefore, the focus of this study was to investigate alternative avenues, such as the use of narrative, for science conceptualization. Despite the potential for narrative as an avenue for science conceptualization, for the most part studies involving literature have not explored this relationship. The purpose of this study was to investigate the process of science conceptualization, with a specific focus on narrative. This was done through a fifth grade classroom based study where learning experiences were created, focused on the concept of interdependence in relationship to water. These experiences included open-ended, hands-on science experiences, literature discussion groups, self-selected research projects and the creation of narrative pieces based on those research projects. Data sources included: (a) audio and videotaped literature discussion group sessions; (b) audio and videotaped study group interviews and curricular sessions; (c) individual interviews; (d) learning log entries and reflections; and (e) student narratives. Data analysis was conducted within a semiotic theoretical framework and involved the process of retroduction. Retroduction entails a kind of spiraling dialectic between theoretical considerations and data incidences, from which are generated possible explanations. These possible explanations or abductions, provide direction for further forays into the data. The process of retroduction lends itself to the creation of data analysis chapters that highlight theoretical issues in relationship to the data or "theoretical memos". Three theoretical memos emerged from this process. Theoretical memo one explores the role of experience in conceptualization; theoretical memo two focuses

Depictions and minifiction: a reflection on translation of micro-story as didactics of sign language interpreters training in colombia.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alex Giovanny Barreto

2015-10-01

Full Text Available The article presents reflections on methodological translation-practice approach to sign language interpreter’s education focus in communicative competence. Implementing translation-practice approach experience started in several workshops of the Association of Translators and Interpreters of Sign Language of Colombia (ANISCOL and have now formalized in the bachelor in education degree project in signed languages, develop within Research Group UMBRAL from National Open University and Distance of Colombia-UNAD. The didactic proposal focus on the model of the efforts (Gile, specifically in the production and listen efforts. A criticism about translating competence is presented. Minifiction is literary genre with multiple semiotic and philosophical translation possibilities. These literary texts have elements with great potential to render on visual, gestural and spatial depictions of Colombian sign language which is profitable to interpreter training and education. Through El Dinosaurio sign language translation, we concludes with an outline and reflections on the pedagogical and didactic potential of minifiction and depictions in the design of training activities in sign language interpreters.

From language to nature: The semiotic metaphor in biology

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Emmeche, Claus; Hoffmeyer, Jesper Normann

1991-01-01

be of considerable value, not only heuristically, but in order to comprehend the irreducible nature of living organisms. In arguing for a semiotic perspective on living nature, it makes a marked difference whether the departure is made from the tradition of F. de Saussure´s structural linguistics or from...

Structure & Coupling of Semiotic Sets

Science.gov (United States)

Orsucci, Franco; Giuliani, Alessandro; Zbilut, Joseph

2004-12-01

We investigated the informational structure of written texts (also in the form of speech transcriptions) using Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA). RQA technique provides a quantitative description of text sequences at the orthographic level in terms of structuring, and may be useful for a variety of linguistics-related studies. We used RQA to measure differences in linguistic samples from different subjects. They were divided in subgroups based on personality and culture differences. We used RQA and KRQA (Cross Recurrence) to measure the coupling and synchronization during the conversation (semiotic interaction) of different subjects. We discuss results both for the improvement of methodology and some general implications for neurocognitive science.

Listening to Birds in the Anthropocene: The Anxious Semiotics of Sound in a Human-Dominated World

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Whitehouse, Andrew

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Ever since Rachel Carson predicted a “silent spring” environmentalists have been carefully and anxiously listening to birds. More recently the musician and scientist Bernie Krause has examined the effects of human activity on avian soundscapes throughout the world. He argues that human activities cause ecological and sonic disruptions that really are rendering the world silent or discordant, submerging the “animal orchestra” beneath noise. A healthy natural environment can be heard, according to Krause, in a rich and harmonious soundscape that has evolved over millions of years. The loss of wildness thus elicits a loss of harmony. I consider these Anthropocene interpretations of silence, noise and dissonance by comparing the environmentalist concerns of Krause with responses to the Listening to Birds project—an anthropological investigation of bird sounds. These responses emphasise the significance of bird sounds for people’s sense of place, time and season and the longing that many have for their own lives to resonate with the birds around them. I argue that this has less to do with desires to hear harmony in pristine nature but with developing relations of companionship with birds living alongside humans. While listening to birds can still iconically and indexically ground people, signs of absence and change can precipitate anxieties that stem from the ambiguities implicit in the Anthropocene’s formulation of human relations with other species. Using narratives and field recordings I explore the anxious semiotics of listening to birds in the Anthropocene by drawing on Kohn’s recent arguments on the semiotics of more-than-human relations and Ingold’s understanding of the world as a meshwork.

Embracing different semiotic modes in undergraduate assignments

OpenAIRE

Leedham, Maria

2012-01-01

The traditional focus within English for Academic Purposes (EAP) teaching of writing in Higher Education is on language produced as linear prose within genres such as the essay, report or case study. While attention is increasingly paid to disciplinary variation and, to a lesser extent, the different range of genres required in assessment, little research has been conducted on additional semiotic modes which may be employed. This paper focuses on resources such as images and layout and the wa...

Roentgenological semiotics of joint involvement in psoriasis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spuzyak, M.I.

1986-01-01

The paper is concerned with the results of an X-ray study of the osteoarticular system of 103 patients with arthropathic psoriasis. Four types of disease: psoriatic polyarthritis, psoriatic polyarthrosis, psoriatic arthropathy and a mixed or combined form (the combination of inflammatory and degenerative-dystrophic changes) - were defined on the basis of X-ray findings. Roentgenological semiotics of these forms of arthropathic psoriasis with the frequency of the involvement of some joints and elements of differential radiodiagnosis was proposed

From Semantics to Semiotics: Demystifying Intricacies on Translation Theory

Science.gov (United States)

AlBzour, Baseel A.; AlBzour, Naser N.

2015-01-01

The implications of any linguistic and non-linguistic research can be always of paramount importance when carefully and cleverly integrated within the scope of any interdisciplinary field of translation study. The major goal of this paper, therefore, is to highlight and stress how a semiotic approach to the theory of meaning, in general, and to…

Metaphor, Multiplicative Meaning and the Semiotic Construction of Scientific Knowledge

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Yu; Owyong, Yuet See Monica

2011-01-01

Scientific discourse is characterized by multi-semiotic construction and the resultant semantic expansions. To date, there remains a lack of analytical methods to explicate the multiplicative nature of meaning. Drawing on the theories of systemic functional linguistics, this article examines the meaning-making processes across language and…

Theories of Signs and Meaning: Views from Copenhagen and Tartu

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hoffmeyer, Jesper; Kull, Kalevi

2011-01-01

We respond to five questions about the past, present, and future of semiotics. Reflecting our personal experience in biosemiotics, we also try to formulate the role of biological studies for the whole of semiotics...

Understanding visualization: a formal approach using category theory and semiotics.

Science.gov (United States)

Vickers, Paul; Faith, Joe; Rossiter, Nick

2013-06-01

This paper combines the vocabulary of semiotics and category theory to provide a formal analysis of visualization. It shows how familiar processes of visualization fit the semiotic frameworks of both Saussure and Peirce, and extends these structures using the tools of category theory to provide a general framework for understanding visualization in practice, including: Relationships between systems, data collected from those systems, renderings of those data in the form of representations, the reading of those representations to create visualizations, and the use of those visualizations to create knowledge and understanding of the system under inspection. The resulting framework is validated by demonstrating how familiar information visualization concepts (such as literalness, sensitivity, redundancy, ambiguity, generalizability, and chart junk) arise naturally from it and can be defined formally and precisely. This paper generalizes previous work on the formal characterization of visualization by, inter alia, Ziemkiewicz and Kosara and allows us to formally distinguish properties of the visualization process that previous work does not.

Semiotic aspects of quantum physics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Januschke, Eugen

2010-01-01

By means of semiotics it is studied, how it succeeds in quantum physics to make formulas plausible, the basic physical facts of which are not accessible for a common understanding respectively an understanding in the sense of classical physics. Thereby it deals with a generally acknowledged kind of making understandable of certain physical formulas beyond the individual marking distinctly of abilities of explaining and understanding of social phenomena and historical developments, whereby to these formulas each a certain experiment is put on side. The experiment is thereby such chosen that the physical phenomenon, which is described in the formula, is studied in the experiment, so that the formula then results as evaluation of the experiment.

[Magnetic resonance semiotics of prostate cancer according to the PI-RADS classification. The clinical diagnostic algorithm of a study].

Science.gov (United States)

Korobkin, A S; Shariya, M A; Chaban, A S; Voskanvan, G A; Vinarov, A Z

2015-01-01

to elaborate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signs of prostate cancer (PC) in accordance with the PI-RADS classification during multiparametric MRI (mpMRI). A total of 89 men aged 20 to 82 years were examined. A control group consisted of 8 (9%) healthy volunteers younger than 30 years of age with no urological history to obtain control images and MRI plots and 20 (22.5%) men aged 26-76 years, whose morphological changes were inflammatory and hyperplastic. The second age-matched group included 61 (68.5%) patients diagnosed with prostate cancer at morphological examination. A set of studies included digital rectal examination, serum prostate-specific antigen, and transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. All the patients underwent prostate mpMRI applying a 3.0 T Achieva MRI scanner (Philips, the Netherlands). The patients have been found to have mpMRI signs that were typical of PC; its MRI semiotics according to the PI-RADS classification is presented. Each mpMRI procedure has been determined to be of importance and informative value in detecting PC. The comprehensive mpMRI approach to diagnosing PC improves the quality and diagnostic value of prostate MRI.

Babel's language or semiotics not taught in school

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tito Pérez Martínez

2009-02-01

Full Text Available This paper seeks to make a journey through the world of language, communication, semiotics and the school to do a scan of the territory to enable us to imagine and to try moving up a map of the territory we inhabit; it also presents the different changes which have been made in the languages and how they have not been fully assumed by the school.

Semiotics of Power and Dictatorship in Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o’s Later Novels

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yémalo, C. AMOUSSOU

2016-10-01

Full Text Available This paper explores the different uses of symbols to express power and interpersonal relationship in Ngũgĩ’s bulkiest novel Wizard of the Crow (2006, with a few illustrations from Matigari (1987. It draws on the semiotic approach and identifies about a hundred discourse strings in which signs are used to express tenor between characters. In the main, supernatural, faunal and floral symbols are found to be main vehicles of power, though many other such avenues as ‘vocations’, ‘social and gender-related symbols’ and ‘biblical characterisation and numerology’, etc are unexplored here for space constraints. Before the analysis, it is deemed necessary to overview the theoretical background to the study in which relevant concepts have been clarified. It has been concluded that there is no other work in which power is so much expressed through the explored devices as in Wizard of the Crow. Keywords: tenor, symbol, index, proverb, modality metaphor, modaliser/ weakener, modulator/strengthener

The semiotic ecology and linguistic complexity of an online game world

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Thorne, Steven; Fischer, I.; Lu, X.

Multiplayer online games form complex semiotic ecologies that include game-generated texts, player-to-player communication and collaboration, and associated websites that support in-game play. This article describes an exploratory study of the massively multiplayer online game (MMO) World of

Meaning Making with Picturebooks: Young Children's Use of Semiotic Resources

Science.gov (United States)

Kachorsky, Dani; Moses, Lindsey; Serafini, Frank; Hoelting, Megan

2017-01-01

As part of a year-long, classroom-based research study examining literacy instruction and development, the research team observed emerging decoders draw from a range of semiotic resources while reading picturebooks. Utilizing a case study approach, the researchers selected eight first graders to act as a representative case, and examined their…

A Semiotic Reading and Discourse Analysis of Postmodern Street Performance

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Mimi Miyoung; Chung, Sheng Kuan

2009-01-01

Postmodern street art operates under a set of references that requires art educators and researchers to adopt alternative analytical frameworks in order to understand its meanings. In this article, we describe social semiotics, critical discourse analysis, and postmodern street performance as well as the relevance of the former two in interpreting…

SHAKESPEARE IN THREE LANGUAGES READING AND ANALYZING SONNET 130 AND ITS TRANSLATIONS IN LIGHT OF SEMIOTICS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sündüz ÖZTÜRK KASAR

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Among the literary genres, poetry is the one that resists translation the most. Creating a new and innovative language that breaks the usual rules of the standard language with brand-new uses and meanings is probably one of the most important goals of the poet. Poetry challenges the translator to capture not only original images, exceptional symbolism, and subjective connotations but also its musicality, rhythm, and measure. Faced with this revolutionary use of language, the translator needs a guide so as to not get lost in the labyrinths of the poetic universe. The universe of sound and meaning unique to each language and the incompatibility of these languages with each other makes the duty of the translator seem impossible. At this point, semiotics may function as a guide, opening up the mysteries of the universe built by the poet and giving clues as to how it can be conveyed in the target language. This allows us to suggest the cooperation of semiotics and translation. From this perspective, we aim to present a case study that exemplifies this cooperation. Our corpus comprises Shakespeare’s sonnet 130 and its Turkish and French translations. The study treats the translator as the receiver of the source text and the producer of the target text in the light of the Theory of Instances of Enunciation propounded by Jean-Claude Coquet. Further, through the Systematics of Designificative Tendencies propounded by Sündüz Öztürk Kasar, the study compares the translators’ creations to the original sonnet to see the extent to which the balance of the original text’s meaning and form is preserved in the translations and how skillfully and competently the signs that constitute the universe of meaning are transmitted in the target languages.

The semiotics of typography in literary texts. A multimodal approach

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nørgaard, Nina

2009-01-01

to multimodal discourse proposed, for instance, by Kress & Van Leeuwen (2001) and Baldry & Thibault (2006), and, more specifically, the multimodal approach to typography suggested by Van Leeuwen (2005b; 2006), in order to sketch out a methodological framework applicable to the description and analysis...... of the semiotic potential of typography in literary texts....

Semiotics of Otherness in Japanese Mythology

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yoshiko Okuyama

2017-03-01

Full Text Available This article examines the tropes of "otherness" embedded in Japanese myths and legends in which the protagonist has a physical or intellectual disability to uncover the sociohistorical attitudes toward such people in Japan. Using the theory of semiotics, I will explicate the narrative signifiers of "the Other" represented in Japanese mythology; examine the binary perceptions of disability in ancient myths, medieval literature, and latter-day folklore in Japan; and demonstrate how perceptions have changed historically. I argue that some of these antique perceptions of the Other that have survived in contemporary Japanese consciousness may be hampering our effort to understand human variation.

READING TEXT POPULAR SONG INDONESIA: STUDY SEMIOTIC-HEURISTIC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rika Widawati

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Abstract. This paper is the result of the research that based on the phenomenon in Indonesia today. The texts of Indonesian popular songs that part of the literature which create new vocabularies or make the modification of old language. The structure of this work seems to be odd. It means the new vocabulary is different from the standard of Indonesian structure. The aim of this descriptions are the correction of (1 the mistake of the phenomenon in the text of Indonesian popular songs (2 the meaning of indonesian popular songs must be based on reading of semiotics and heuristic.  To describe this purpose, we use semiotic theory and structuralism. While the sources of this research are adopted from the texts of Indonesian popular songs which are published in 2000-2010 periode. Both Indonesian popular songs, either good songs or odd songs which has the value of good literature, namely which consist of good structure, poetic, romantic with symbolic style. Heuristically readings of the two text Indonesian songs indicate violations of linguistic rules either syntagmatic, paradigmatic, meaningfulness relations and composition. Keywords: the text of Indonesian popular song, semiotic, heuristic Abstrak. Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian yang didasari oleh fenomena bahwa dewasa ini teks lagu populer Indonesia sebagai bagian dari karya sastra banyak menampilkan kosakata baru ataupun modifikasi kosakata lama, dengan komposisi yang dipandang “menyimpang” dari kaidah tata bahasa baku maupun konvensi sastra. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1 fenomena struktur kebahasaan dalam teks lagu populer Indonesia dan (2 makna teks lagu populer Indonesia berdasarkan pembacaan semiotik-heuristik. Untuk mendeskripsikan hal tersebut digunakan teori semiotik dan strukturalisme. Sementara sumber data penelitian ini adalah teks lagu populer Indonesia tahun 2000 – 2010. Baik lagu-lagu yang dipandang menyimpang dari kaidah atau konvensi sastra maupun

The Semiotic Ecology and Linguistic Complexity of an Online Game World

Science.gov (United States)

Thorne, Steven L.; Fischer, Ingrid; Lu, Xiaofei

2012-01-01

Multiplayer online games form complex semiotic ecologies that include game-generated texts, player-to-player communication and collaboration, and associated websites that support in-game play. This article describes an exploratory study of the massively multiplayer online game (MMO) "World of Warcraft" ("WoW"), with specific…

Semiotika Strukturalisme Saussure

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fajriannoor Fanani

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Ferdinand de Saussure is widely known as one of the prominent contributor to the theories of sign and language in semiotic. His theory in semiotic create a mark in the history of semiology. His semiotic was also known as one of the foundation of structuralism that growth in France. Structuralism, later become a movement that widespread not only in the field of linguistic but to the field of humanities and social sciences in general. How his semiotic works and how his view on structuralism applied in world of sign and language are interesting object. This writing try to overview all this in a simple and understandable way

A STUDY OF SIGNS: The Political Advertisements in Presidential Election Campaign of Indonesia 2014 based on the Peirce’s Theory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Henny Uswatun Hasanah

2014-05-01

Full Text Available In general election especially presidential election, it will have a special thing like in using advertisements for doing a campaign. In 2014, Indonesia has two candidates for becoming the first position as president and vice president. It is interested in analyzing the signs of advertisements that becomes their personal branding using semiotics analysis. This paper focuses on Peirce’s theory that is related to the signs which are able to be defined as three categories; Icon, Index and Symbol. There are many signs in personal branding of each candidate such as Prabowo-Hatta has a nationalist enthusiasm for Indonesia. Then, Jokowi-JK has an eternal spirit for working. Of course, the analysis is interested in analyzing to know more the meaning of signs because it is able to be an effective to use in campaign for getting many voters in a polling day. Therefore, as society has to be critical in this thing for choosing the right man as president and vice president of Indonesia.

The role of metalinguistic function in the construction of physical knowledge: Α theatre semiotics approach for preschool education

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

PANAGIOTIS PANTIDOS

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The rendering of physical knowledge in typical or non typical forms of teaching, is a process in which the spoken word and the language in general that is used centre on the (pre- scientific code. In the case of science teaching, the special pedagogic framework places the discussion on concepts – regardless of school grade – at a metalinguistic level of elaboration. At this level, the extent of learning, internalisation and use of the special code is intensely brought out through the utterances of the teachers and the students. In this paper an attempt is made, through semiotic theatrical analysis, to study the sign-vehicles that are related to the metalinguistic function of the speech in preschool education. Thus, the “commentary on the (pre-scientific code” as well as the “means which project the metalinguistic function of the speech” are analysed within a context set up by the physical knowledge for preschool education based on the world of drama.

The Semiotics of Learning Korean at Home: An Ecological Autoethnographic Perspective

Science.gov (United States)

Jenks, Christopher J.

2017-01-01

This autoethnographic study examines how I re-learn Korean in, and through, interactions with family members at home. The analysis, which is informed by language ecology and sociocultural concepts of development, shows how semiotic and human resources, including material objects and more proficient speakers, play a mediating role in how I deal…

[Features of neurologic semiotics at chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Science.gov (United States)

Litvinenko, I V; Baranov, V L; Kolcheva, Iu A

2011-01-01

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is actual pathology, when it forms the mixed hypoxemia. In the conditions of a chronic hypoxemia structures of organism with high level of metabolic processes, namely brain tissues, suffer. Character of defeat of the central nervous system at that pathology is insufficiently studied. In this article we studied and analysed the presence of such changes as depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment and features of neurologic semiotics at COPD in 50 patients.

Prior knowledge of deaf students fluent in brazilian sign languages regarding the algebraic language in high school

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvia Teresinha Frizzarini

2014-06-01

Full Text Available There are few researches with deeper reflections on the study of algebra with deaf students. In order to validate and disseminate educational activities in that context, this article aims at highlighting the deaf students’ prior knowledge, fluent in Brazilian Sign Language, referring to the algebraic language used in high school. The theoretical framework used was Duval’s theory, with analysis of the changes, by treatment and conversion, of different registers of semiotic representation, in particular inequalities. The methodology used was the application of a diagnostic evaluation performed with deaf students, all fluent in Brazilian Sign Language, in a special school located in the north of Paraná State. We emphasize the need to work in both directions of conversion, in different languages, especially when the starting record is the graphic. Therefore, the conclusion reached was that one should not separate the algebraic representation from other records, due to the need of sign language perform not only the communication function, but also the functions of objectification and treatment, fundamental in cognitive development.

Linguosemiotic Actualization of Agroengineering Signs in English and Russian Agricultural Discourse

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elena Aleksandrovna Sukhova

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Agro-discourse, or agricultural discourse, represents both a person-oriented and an institutional type of communication between the agricultural producers as participants in the agricultural sphere – one of the areas of production, processing and consumption of agricultural products (agronomy, crop production, horticulture, veterinary medicine, animal husbandry, mechanization and electrification of agriculture, land reclamation and irrigation of agricultural lands, environmental soil and water pollution, aqua and ichthiological culture. The cognitive model of this type of discourse organizes the entire aspect of agriculture as a semiotic formation comprising a significant part of human culture, and includes the appropriate chronotope, members (agents and customers – producers and consumers of agricultural products, tools, objects and conditions of cultivation, production, processing and consumption . Within the framework of this model we describe the linguosemiotic actualization of signs-pragmatonyms forming the system of concepts and nominations on agroindustrial themes in this discourse. The article describes the linguosemiotic actualization of one of the main types of signspragmatonyms – signs of agroengineering – in English and Russian agricultural discourse. These signs are qualified as signs-instrumentatives nominating the means of production and product operations (manipulations with real material objects for the purpose of their treatment or processing as the procedures of transformation to some agricultural products. The agroengineering signs-pragmatonyms, as one of the agricultural sectors, providing mechanized cultivation and processing of soil for sowing grain, harvesting, growing and harvesting of fruits and vegetables, as well as carrying out many other manipulations and operations with the help of technology, include the signs which gain linguosemiotic actualization in English and Russian agricultural discourse. First of

CONDITIONS OF APPLICATION OF THE SCIENCE OF SIGNS IN THE ECONOMYE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

I. G. Khanin

2013-01-01

Full Text Available In the article the experience of using semiotics in the economy is analyzed, and the way of solving the «paradox of semiotics» and «productivity paradox of IT» as the two most important problems of informatization of the economy and society is proposed.

From Advertising to Hyper-advertising: Semiotics, Narrative and Discourse

OpenAIRE

Eduardo Yalán-Dongo

2016-01-01

Advertising design is a discursive planning that does not only build an identity as brand value or graphic development, but also as Semiotics suggests, it produces a narrative level outlining the advertising story. The use of media, construction of characters, storytelling, organization of advertisement, are all expressions of this narrative level which in turn depends on a “context” or expression process from which they are built. This article aims to identify the different forms of narrativ...

On the problem of roentgenological semiotics of small cell lung cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Makarycheva, R.I.; Shchukina, O.P.; Gertner, K.; Vetrova, N.A.

1985-01-01

The study was concerned with description of roentgenologic semiotics of central and peripheral small cell lung cancer in 141 patients receiving chemoradiation therapy. The frequency of carcinoma metastatic spreading into intrathoracic lymph nodes was high. Small cell lung cancer showed a good response to conservative treatment, which, in particular, manifested itself in regression of metastases into intrathoracic lymph nodes

Subjectivity and intersubjectivity between semiotics and phenomenology

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francesco Marsciani

2014-12-01

Full Text Available A semiotic theory of subjectivity cannot prescind from a radical consideration of the intersubjective dimension, which, from the phenomenological perspective, represents the constitutive instance of the meaning of the world. The theory of signification has yet to come to terms with this fundamental option: the theory of enunciation, for example, is still tied to the alternative between an egological perception of the production of meaning and a truly intersubjective conception. A radically intersubjective understanding of the constitution of meaning must, in the theory of enunciation, include an authentic theory of alterity in which the production of communicative intentions can be described based on a more fundamental transcendental intentionality.

Messurement, Diagram, Art

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

May, Michael; Stjernfelt, Frederik

1996-01-01

Discussion of the semiotic concept of the iconic sign according to Charles S. Peirce and its importance for the understanding of "diagrammatic reasoning" in science and art.......Discussion of the semiotic concept of the iconic sign according to Charles S. Peirce and its importance for the understanding of "diagrammatic reasoning" in science and art....

Análise Crítica Semiótica e Economia Política Cultural | Critical semiotic analysis and critical political economy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bob Jessop

2010-09-01

Abstract This article defends the idea of a Cultural Political Economy – CPE, exploring the constitutive role of semiotics in economic and political activities and in the social order in general. This approach is post-disciplinary: it adopts the "cultural turn" in economic and political research, while not ignoring the articulation between semiotics and the interconnected materialities in economics and politics, within broader social formations. This approach is illustrated in the Knowledge-Based Economy – KBE as a master-discourse in accumulation strategies at different scales, state projects and hegemonic views, and diverse functional systems and professions, as well as in civil society. Keywords semiotics; economy and politics; cultural political economy; knowledge economy; cultural turn

Semiotics of lesions of the cerebral venous collectors on application of noninvasive techniques of x-ray diagnosis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Semenov, S.E.; Abalmasov, V.G.

2001-01-01

The study included application of a complex of the noninvasive diagnostic techniques such as MR tomography, MR venography, duplex scanning of the internal jugular veins, and transcranial Doppler sonography. The authors provide a detailed description of the semiotics of the MR signs of cerebral venous collector lesion in patients with thrombosis, extravasal compression, aneurysms, and development anomalies. Present the quantitative ultrasound parameters of hemodynamics in the efferent vessels of the brain accessible to inspections describe the effect of spontaneous echo-opacification in the internal jugular veins, which is assumed to be a predictor of thrombosis. Intravenous injection of magnevist resulted in an appreciable refinement of visualization of small dural sinuses at MR venography thereby allowing for the diagnosis of their thrombosis. It is suggested that the use of the entire complex of the X-ray modalities under consideration may lead to a more complete and noninvasive evaluation of the nature of cerebral venous insufficiency and of the degree of hemodynamic significance. Moreover, this will make it possible to outline approaches to therapeutic or surgical correction of the disease [ru

[Semiotics of lesions of the cerebral venous collectors on application of noninvasive techniques of x-ray diagnosis].

Science.gov (United States)

Semenov, S; Abalmasov, V

2001-01-01

The study included application of a complex of the noninvasive diagnostic techniques such as MR tomography, MR venography, duplex scanning of the internal jugular veins, and transcranial Doppler sonography. The authors provide a detailed description of the semiotics of the MR signs of cerebral venous collector lesion in patients with thrombosis, extravasal compression, aneurysms, and developmental anomalies. Present the quantitative ultrasound parameters of hemodynamics in the efferent vessels of the brain accessible to inspections describe the effect of spontaneous echo-opacification in the internal jugular veins, which is assumed to be a predictor of thrombosis. Intravenous injection of magnevist resulted in an appreciable refinement of visualization of small dural sinuses at MR venography thereby allowing for the diagnosis of their thrombosis. It is suggested that the use of the entire complex of the x-ray modalities under consideration may lead to a more complete and noninvasive evaluation of the nature of cerebral venous insufficiency and of the degree of hemodynamic significance. Moreover, this will make it possible to outline approaches to therapeutic or surgical correction of the disease.

The Relation of Visual Signs In The Narrative Structure of MTV Exit Human Trafficking Campaign Video

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Winny Gunarti

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Human trafficking is a violation of the human rights. One of the campaign to fight against this crime takes the form of a digital campaign that aired on television and internet.   This study discusses the narrative structure of human trafficking campaign video from non-profit organization MTV Exit in 2012. This video campaign combines art collage and graphic art in its narrative structure. Nonverbal visual elements displayed in the form of a digital photo collage with animated illustrations setting. We consider this video campaign quite interesting as it is visually inform the public about the importance of safe migration through the visual signs in the narrative structure. This study analyzes qualitatively the relation of nonverbal visual signs in the narrative collage and illustration. Denotative and connotative analysis with structural semiotics approach is needed to understand the meaning of visual signs in the context of humans as cultural beings in their communities. This study is expected to be a model example of visual communication campaigns that can foster public awareness of the issue of human trafficking, especially for young women and children as young generation.

Representation of Muharram Rituals in West Media; Semiotic Analysis of TotallyCoolPix Website’s Photos of Muharam and Ashura

OpenAIRE

Majid Movahed Majd; Zeinab Niknejat; Mohamadtaghi Abbasi shovazi

2015-01-01

Protecting and upholding the ideology of media authorities, photo can be considered a tool for communication and meaning-making. Also the social-artistic activities of photograpy paly a significant role in communication as any other media does. The representation theory excessively concerned with media analysis. It should be noted that semiotic method gives the ability to examine hidden layers of media contents such as picture. Based on The representation theory and semiotics techniques, this...

A Semiotic Model of Destination Representations Applied to Cultural and Heritage Tourism Marketing

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pennington, Jody; Thomsen, Robert Chr.

2010-01-01

, and symbolic qualities, each of which destination marketers should consider in choosing representations because of the influence those qualities exert on reception. It is argued that the semiotic model can help marketers make informed decisions about the relevance and probable impact of the iconicity...

Sign use and cognition in automated scientific discovery: are computers only special kinds of signs?

Science.gov (United States)

Giza, Piotr

2018-04-01

James Fetzer criticizes the computational paradigm, prevailing in cognitive science by questioning, what he takes to be, its most elementary ingredient: that cognition is computation across representations. He argues that if cognition is taken to be a purposive, meaningful, algorithmic problem solving activity, then computers are incapable of cognition. Instead, they appear to be signs of a special kind, that can facilitate computation. He proposes the conception of minds as semiotic systems as an alternative paradigm for understanding mental phenomena, one that seems to overcome the difficulties of computationalism. Now, I argue, that with computer systems dealing with scientific discovery, the matter is not so simple as that. The alleged superiority of humans using signs to stand for something other over computers being merely "physical symbol systems" or "automatic formal systems" is only easy to establish in everyday life, but becomes far from obvious when scientific discovery is at stake. In science, as opposed to everyday life, the meaning of symbols is, apart from very low-level experimental investigations, defined implicitly by the way the symbols are used in explanatory theories or experimental laws relevant to the field, and in consequence, human and machine discoverers are much more on a par. Moreover, the great practical success of the genetic programming method and recent attempts to apply it to automatic generation of cognitive theories seem to show, that computer systems are capable of very efficient problem solving activity in science, which is neither purposive nor meaningful, nor algorithmic. This, I think, undermines Fetzer's argument that computer systems are incapable of cognition because computation across representations is bound to be a purposive, meaningful, algorithmic problem solving activity.

[Gastric magnetic resonance study (methods, semiotics)].

Science.gov (United States)

Stashuk, G A

2003-01-01

The paper shows the potentialities of gastric study by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The methodic aspects of gastric study have been worked out. The MRI-semiotics of the unchanged and tumor-affected wall of the stomach and techniques in examining patients with gastric cancer of various sites are described. Using the developed procedure, MRI was performed in 199 patients, including 154 patients with gastric pathology and 45 control individuals who had no altered gastric wall. Great emphasis is placed on the role of MRI in the diagnosis of endophytic (diffuse) gastric cancer that is of priority value in its morphological structure. MRI was found to play a role in the diagnosis of the spread of a tumorous process both along the walls of the stomach and to its adjacent anatomic structures.

Music in film and animation: experimental semiotics applied to visual, sound and musical structures

Science.gov (United States)

Kendall, Roger A.

2010-02-01

The relationship of music to film has only recently received the attention of experimental psychologists and quantificational musicologists. This paper outlines theory, semiotical analysis, and experimental results using relations among variables of temporally organized visuals and music. 1. A comparison and contrast is developed among the ideas in semiotics and experimental research, including historical and recent developments. 2. Musicological Exploration: The resulting multidimensional structures of associative meanings, iconic meanings, and embodied meanings are applied to the analysis and interpretation of a range of film with music. 3. Experimental Verification: A series of experiments testing the perceptual fit of musical and visual patterns layered together in animations determined goodness of fit between all pattern combinations, results of which confirmed aspects of the theory. However, exceptions were found when the complexity of the stratified stimuli resulted in cognitive overload.

Using multiple metaphors and multimodalities as a semiotic resource when teaching year 2 students computational strategies

Science.gov (United States)

Mildenhall, Paula; Sherriff, Barbara

2017-06-01

Recent research indicates that using multimodal learning experiences can be effective in teaching mathematics. Using a social semiotic lens within a participationist framework, this paper reports on a professional learning collaboration with a primary school teacher designed to explore the use of metaphors and modalities in mathematics instruction. This video case study was conducted in a year 2 classroom over two terms, with the focus on building children's understanding of computational strategies. The findings revealed that the teacher was able to successfully plan both multimodal and multiple metaphor learning experiences that acted as semiotic resources to support the children's understanding of abstract mathematics. The study also led to implications for teaching when using multiple metaphors and multimodalities.

EXPERIMENTAL SEMIOTICS: AN ENGINE OF DISCOVERY FOR UNDERSTANDING HUMAN COMMUNICATION

OpenAIRE

BRUNO GALANTUCCI; GARETH ROBERTS

2012-01-01

The recent growth of Experimental Semiotics (ES) offers us a new option to investigate human communication. We briefly introduce ES, presenting results from three themes of research which emerged within it. Then we illustrate the contribution ES can make to the investigation of human communication systems, particularly in comparison with the other existing options. This comparison highlights how ES can provide an engine of discovery for understanding human communication. In fact, in complemen...

Structuring Knowledge of Subcultural Folk Devils through News Coverage: Social Cognition, Semiotics, and Political Economy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. Patrick Williams

2011-10-01

Full Text Available The folk devil concept has been well used in subcultural studies, yet its importance might be better served by distinguishing among multiple conceptual frames through which it is articulated. In this article, I clarify how folk devils are made possible through the interaction of three concepts used by sociologists to study everyday life. The first is the process of social cognition, where producers and consumers of news construct and propagate a shared definition of who subcultural youths are and why they should be the object of fear. The second are the semiotic structures of genre and narrative, which narrow the interpretive process of producers and receivers alike and sustain discourses that limit how subcultural youths can be understood in the news. The third has to do with political economy, where the ideological features of mass mediated news-making keep the news industry in relative control of meaning making. Social cognition, semiotics, and the political economy dialectically produce the phenomenon of the subcultural folk devil and support its objective effects. I review several studies of market and state-controlled media societies and note that, in both types, the objective effects on youths are similar and significant. In studying how subcultural youths are framed in the media output of transitional states and societies, the conceptual value of social cognition, semiotics, and political economy should be recognised.

The Grammar of Linguistic Semiotics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Durst-Andersen, Per

2009-01-01

The paper presents a new typology of linguistic signs primarily based on Peirce’s sign conception. It is demonstrated that the fundamental simple sign, the symbolic nominal lexeme, has an arbitrary relationship to its object in order to make it omnipotent, that is, open to various possible...... objects (ensured by nouns) and situations (ensured by the verb)--the latter corresponding to Peirce's rhematic sign-- and in addition to the level of assertion--corresponding to Peirce's dicentic sign-- there is a third level at which verbal categories collaborate in order to make a deduction, abduction...... or induction-- corresponding to Peirce's argumentative signs....

Melos: a Rhetoric Proof in Songs in Semiotic Perspective

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriano Dantas de Oliveira

2016-12-01

Full Text Available We will have, in this work, the exposure of an approach to cancional text as a specific rhetorical situation. We assimilated the melos as all musical aspects of the song as a rhetorical proof that articulates the traditional trilogy: ethos, logos and pathos. We will use an interdisciplinary theoretical framework, articulating the classical rhetoric to semiotics applied to the song, exploring, from this model, discursive aspects of cancional text. As corpus, we have the analysis of a buarquiana song sample sociopolitical theme composed and recorded during the period of dictatorship.

Meanings at Hand: Coordinating Semiotic Resources in Explaining Mathematical Terms in Classroom Discourse

Science.gov (United States)

Heller, Vivien

2016-01-01

The article examines how diverse semiotic resources are made available for explaining mathematical terms in a fifth-grade classroom. Situated within the methodological framework developed by conversation analysis and the analysis of embodiment-in-interaction, the study deals with two instances of a classroom episode in each of which participants…

Pragmatics and Semiotics: Movies as Aesthetic Audio-Visual Device Expedite Second Language Acquisition

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Lucia Y.

2014-01-01

The author as teacher educator and her students as teacher candidates conceptualized pragmatics, semiotics and aesthetics into literacy education by inviting students of diversity to watch movies, talk about movies, write movies, and act movies. Pragmatics is the study of how language is used for communication in various social and cultural…

Movement and Meaning: An Enquiry into the Signifying Properties of Martha Graham's "Diversion of Angels" (1948) and Merce Cunningham's "Points in Space" (1986)

Science.gov (United States)

Bannerman, Henrietta Lilian

2010-01-01

The premise of this article is the usefulness of Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotic theory when it is used in the activity of decoding or recouping meaning from "pure" dance works. It begins with a survey of the field of semiotics and although it concentrates on sign theory as formulated by Peirce, other principles of semiotics such as theories of…

Applying Semiotic Theories to Graphic Design Education: An Empirical Study on Poster Design Teaching

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Chao-Ming; Hsu, Tzu-Fan

2015-01-01

The rationales behind design are dissimilar to those behind art. Establishing an adequate theoretical foundation for conducting design education can facilitate scientising design methods. Thus, from the perspectives of the semiotic theories proposed by Saussure and Peirce, we investigated graphic design curricula by performing teaching…

Storytelling Leadership: A Semiotics Theories Qualitative Inquiry into the Components Forming an Oral Story

Science.gov (United States)

Cater, Earl F.

2015-01-01

Using semiotics theories as a guide, the qualitative examination of storytelling literature and current storytelling practitioners provides research support for a list of storytelling components. Analysis of story building components discovered from literature in comparison to the results from research questionnaire responses by current…

Visual Semiotics & Uncertainty Visualization: An Empirical Study.

Science.gov (United States)

MacEachren, A M; Roth, R E; O'Brien, J; Li, B; Swingley, D; Gahegan, M

2012-12-01

This paper presents two linked empirical studies focused on uncertainty visualization. The experiments are framed from two conceptual perspectives. First, a typology of uncertainty is used to delineate kinds of uncertainty matched with space, time, and attribute components of data. Second, concepts from visual semiotics are applied to characterize the kind of visual signification that is appropriate for representing those different categories of uncertainty. This framework guided the two experiments reported here. The first addresses representation intuitiveness, considering both visual variables and iconicity of representation. The second addresses relative performance of the most intuitive abstract and iconic representations of uncertainty on a map reading task. Combined results suggest initial guidelines for representing uncertainty and discussion focuses on practical applicability of results.

[X-ray endoscopic semiotics and diagnostic algorithm of radiation studies of preneoplastic gastric mucosa changes].

Science.gov (United States)

Akberov, R F; Gorshkov, A N

1997-01-01

The X-ray endoscopic semiotics of precancerous gastric mucosal changes (epithelial dysplasia, intestinal epithelial rearrangement) was examined by the results of 1574 gastric examination. A diagnostic algorithm was developed for radiation studies in the diagnosis of the above pathology.

Where the signs prevail

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dardo Scavino

2016-03-01

Full Text Available We propose to show in our paper that through his semiotic theory, Barthes developed a theory of subjectivity and society continued with the anti-utilitarian tradition of the Collège de Sociologie where George Bataille, Carl Einstein or Michel Leiris had favored the mythical and ritual dimension of collective life.

A socio-semiotic perspective on Australian gourmet products/services:‘Made in Australia’ marketing strategies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Craciunescu

2013-09-01

Full Text Available In a consumerist society, the contemporary needs of individuals have been transformed into desires; people nowadays seek into improving quality of life through unique experiences, by speculating their senses, in a grammar of both hedonist and utilitarian reasons. As such, taste becomes a social signifier that reunites people at the same table, where positioning oneself in the created micro-society, represents commensality and a major key in marketing studies. Another important aspect in F&B - as a socially (predetermined marker – is that individuals are involved in naming their experiences, i.e. in marketing terms, branding a story, which eventually translates an identity. In this paper, my aim is to demonstrate how F&B Australian successful entrepreneurs (recreated a national identity, by fashioning the imagery of taste and linguistics, shaped by the semiosis of local flavors and colors, eventually all packaged in a narrative of marketing. Moreover, this is a study case of an economic national strategy – patriotic marketing, applied in F&B, and, paradoxically enough, exploited within tourism practices. Eventually, this research is also prone to describe the social-semiotic aspect of the ‘signe gustatif’ that frames the meaning of the dish and its social effects in the table’s process of communication.

The Effort to Increase the Students' Achievement in Poetry Mastery through Semiotic Method

Science.gov (United States)

Dirgeyasa, I Wy.

2017-01-01

The obejectives of this research are to know the improvement of the students' achievement in poetry mastery and their perception regarding to the semiotic method in teaching and learning poetry in English Education Department, Languages and Art Faculty of State University of Medan. The research method used is the Classroom Action Research (CAR).…

Subvertising versus advertising : a semiotical analysis of the culture jamming act

OpenAIRE

Önal, Banu

2005-01-01

Cataloged from PDF version of article. This study examines the act of Culture Jamming on the basis of semiotic theory mainly by Ferdinand de Saussure and Roland Barthes. Accordingly, the analysis based on the examination of existing Culture Jamming examples. Depending on the related issues of Culture Jamming as a social phenomenon, history of advertising, ideology and propaganda are explored. This study also includes practical side that is conducted to a better understand...

Semiotics of Silent Lakes. Sigurd Olson and the Interlacing of Writing, Policy and Planning

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Assche, Van Kristof

2015-01-01

Through the analysis of the semiotics of place, history and self in the writings of Sigurd Olson (1899–1982), a reflection on his impact on American conservation and a development of his ideas towards a practicable approach to environmental policy, planning and design, we revisit the importance

Education for Sale: A Semiotic Analysis of School Prospectuses and Other Forms of Educational Marketing.

Science.gov (United States)

Symes, Colin

1998-01-01

A study investigated the nature and extent of "impression management" strategies used in Queensland (Australia) school publications and advertising, particularly for private schools, through semiotic analysis, which highlights the degree to which symbolic processes are influenced by context and changing market forces. (MSE)

Borders and Modal Articulations. Semiotic Constructs of Sensemaking Processes Enabling a Fecund Dialogue Between Cultural Psychology and Clinical Psychology.

Science.gov (United States)

De Luca Picione, Raffaele; Freda, Maria Francesca

2016-03-01

The notion of the border is an interesting advancement in research on the processes of meaning making within the cultural psychology. The development of this notion in semiotic key allows to handle with adequate complexity construction, transformation, stability and the breakup of the relationship between person/world/otherness. These semiotic implications have already been widely discussed and exposed by authors such Valsiner (2007, 2014), Neuman (2003, 2008), Simão (Culture & Psychology, 9, 449-459, 2003, Theory & Psychology, 15, 549-574, 2005, 2015), with respect to issues of identity/relatedness, inside/outside, stability/change in the irreversible flow of the time. In this work, after showing some of the basics of such semiotic notion of border, we discuss the processes of construction and transformation of borders through the modal articulation, defined as the contextual positioning that the person assumes with respect to the establishment of a boundary in terms of necessity, obligation, willingness, possibility, permission, ability. This modal subjective positioning acquires considerable interest from the clinical point of view since its degree of plasticity vs that of rigidity is the basis of processes of development or stiffening of relations between person/world/otherness.

What place is this time? Semiotics and the analysis of historical reference in landschape architecture

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Assche, van K.A.M.; Duineveld, M.; Jong, de H.C.; Zoest, van A.

2012-01-01

This paper revisits the potential contribution of semiotic analysis to heritage design. A case study analyzes lay interpretations of a number of urban landscape designs, displaying different ways to refer to the invisible (archaeological) past. A total of 12 draft designs were produced referring to

Semiotic scaffolding of the social self in reflexivity and friendship

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Emmeche, Claus

2015-01-01

scaffolding is a multi-level phenomenon. Focusing upon levels of semiosis specific to humans, the formation of the personal self and the role of friendship and similar interpersonal relations in this process is explored through Aristotle’s classical idea of the friend as ‘another self’, and sociologist...... Margaret Archer’s empirical and theoretical work on the interplay between individual subjectivity, social structure and interpersonal relations in a dynamics of human agency. It is shown that although processes of reflexivity and friendship can indeed be seen as instances of semiotic scaffolding...

Load and distinctness interact in working memory for lexical manual gestures

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mary eRudner

2015-08-01

Full Text Available The Ease of Language Understanding model (ELU, Rönnberg et al., 2013 predicts that decreasing the distinctness of language stimuli increases working memory load; in the speech domain this notion is supported by empirical evidence. Our aim was to determine whether such an over-additive interaction can be generalized to sign processing in sign-naïve individuals and whether it is modulated by experience of computer gaming. Twenty young adults with no knowledge of sign language performed an n-back working memory task based on manual gestures lexicalized in sign language; the visual resolution of the signs and working memory load were manipulated. Performance was poorer when load was high and resolution was low. These two effects interacted over-additively, demonstrating that reducing the resolution of signed stimuli increases working memory load when there is no pre-existing semantic representation. This suggests that load and distinctness are handled by a shared amodal mechanism which can be revealed empirically when stimuli are degraded and load is high, even without pre-existing semantic representation. There was some evidence that the mechanism is influenced by computer gaming experience. Future work should explore how the shared mechanism is influenced by pre-existing semantic representation and sensory factors together with computer gaming experience.

Load and distinctness interact in working memory for lexical manual gestures.

Science.gov (United States)

Rudner, Mary; Toscano, Elena; Holmer, Emil

2015-01-01

The Ease of Language Understanding model (Rönnberg et al., 2013) predicts that decreasing the distinctness of language stimuli increases working memory load; in the speech domain this notion is supported by empirical evidence. Our aim was to determine whether such an over-additive interaction can be generalized to sign processing in sign-naïve individuals and whether it is modulated by experience of computer gaming. Twenty young adults with no knowledge of sign language performed an n-back working memory task based on manual gestures lexicalized in sign language; the visual resolution of the signs and working memory load were manipulated. Performance was poorer when load was high and resolution was low. These two effects interacted over-additively, demonstrating that reducing the resolution of signed stimuli increases working memory load when there is no pre-existing semantic representation. This suggests that load and distinctness are handled by a shared amodal mechanism which can be revealed empirically when stimuli are degraded and load is high, even without pre-existing semantic representation. There was some evidence that the mechanism is influenced by computer gaming experience. Future work should explore how the shared mechanism is influenced by pre-existing semantic representation and sensory factors together with computer gaming experience.

The Automatic Annotation of the Semiotic Type of Hand Gestures in Obama’s Humorous Speeches

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Navarretta, Costanza

2018-01-01

is expressed by speech or by adding new information to what is uttered. The automatic classification of the semiotic type of gestures from their shape description can contribute to their interpretation in human-human communication and in advanced multimodal interactive systems. We annotated and analysed hand...

Knowledge Transfer in Collaborative Knowledge Management: A Semiotic View

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Norbert Jastroch

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Codification and transfer of knowledge is essential in the practice of knowledge management. Theoretical knowledge, like scientific theories and models, by nature comes in coded representation for the explicit purpose of transfer. Practical knowledge, as involved frequently in engineering or business operations, however, is a priori uncoded, making transfer for further use or the generation of new knowledge difficult. A great deal of systems engineering effort in recent years has been focused on resolving issues related to this sort of knowledge transfer. Semantic technologies play a major role in here, along with the development of ontologies. This paper presents a semiotic perspective on transfer of knowledge within collaborations.

From Advertising to Hyper-advertising: Semiotics, Narrative and Discourse

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Yalán-Dongo

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Advertising design is a discursive planning that does not only build an identity as brand value or graphic development, but also as Semiotics suggests, it produces a narrative level outlining the advertising story. The use of media, construction of characters, storytelling, organization of advertisement, are all expressions of this narrative level which in turn depends on a “context” or expression process from which they are built. This article aims to identify the different forms of narrative production in relation to three types of advertising discourse (Discourse Phase 1, Phase 2 and hyperadvertising as well as evaluate its contrasts and expressions within the advertising communication and consumer society.

Index in Alexandre Dumas' Novel the Man in the Iron Mask: A Semiotic Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Syarifuddin, Salmia; Yahya, Andi Rukayah Alim; Jusoff, Kamaruzaman; Makhsud, Abdul

2013-01-01

Novel as a literary work can be analyzed by using semiotic analysis. This article aims to analyze the meaning of index found in characterizations in the novel "The Man in the Iron Mask" by Alexandre Dumas. This article involved the descriptive qualitative method. The results revealed that there are many causal relations between the index…

Intent, Future, Anticipation: A Semiotic, Transdisciplinary Approach

Science.gov (United States)

Loeckenhoff, Hellmut

2008-10-01

Encouraged e.g. by chaos theory and (bio-)semiotics science is trying to attempt a deeper understanding of life. The paradigms of physics alone prove not sufficient to explain f. ex. evolution or phylogenesis and ontogenesis. In complement, research on life systems reassesses paradigmatic models not only for living systems and not only on the strict biological level. The ontological as well as the epistemological base of science in toto is to be reconsidered. Science itself proves a historical and cultural phenomenon and can be seen as shaped by evolution and semiosis. -Living systems are signified by purpose, intent and, necessarily, by the faculty to anticipate e.g. the cyclic changes of their environment. To understand the concepts behind a proposal is developed towards a model set constituting a transdisciplinary approach. It rests e.g. on concepts of systems, evolution, complexity and semiodynamics.

The X-ray endoscopic semiotics and diagnostic algorithm of radiation studies of precancerous gastric mucosal changes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akabekov, R.F.; Gorshkov, A.N.

1997-01-01

The X-ray endoscopic semiotics of precancerous gastric mucosal changes (epithelial dysplasia, intestinal epithelial rearrangement) was examined by the results of 1574 gastric examination. A diagnostic algorithm was developed for radiation studies in the diagnosis of the above pathology. 7 refs., 4 figs

On Semiotics and Jumping Frogs: The Role of Gesture in the Teaching of Subtraction

Science.gov (United States)

Farrugia, Marie Therese

2017-01-01

In this article, I describe a research/teaching experience I undertook with a class of 5-year-old children in Malta. The topic was subtraction on the number line. I interpret the teaching/learning process through a semiotic perspective. In particular, I highlight the role played by the gesture of forming "frog jumps" on the number line.…

Using Semiotic Resources to Build Images When Teaching the Part-Whole Model of Fractions

Science.gov (United States)

Mildenhall, Paula

2013-01-01

This paper reports an exploration into the use of a combination of semiotic resources when teaching the part-whole model of fractions. The study involved a single case study of one class teacher and six students in an Australian primary classroom. Using video as the predominate research tool it was possible to describe how gesture and language…

Asignifying Semiotics as Proto-Theory of Singularity: Drawing is Not Writing and Architecture does Not Speak

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrej Radman

2014-05-01

Full Text Available We have recently witnessed a confession of a fellow architect with which we fully identify. We, too, belong to the generation educated under the semiotic regime, which – as we will argue in our introduction – has run its course. We also believe that the idea of ‘architecture as language’ might have been useful as an analytical tool but never as a design mechanism. After all, creativity comes first and routinisation follows. As the title of Footprint 14 suggests, this is a general plea to have done with the hegemony of the linguistic signifier. Signifying semiotics is but a fraction of a much broader asignifying semiotics. We propose to approach the issue qua Spinozist practice of ethology, defined as the study of capacities, or – as we would like to think of it – a proto-theory of singularity. This is as much an ethical or political problem as it is an aesthetic one. It concerns what the cultural critic Steven Shaviro recently qualified as a primordial form of sentience that is non-intentional, non-correlational, and anoetic. The Affective Turn will be measured against the unavoidable Digital Turn. We will conclude by reversing the famous Wittgensteinian dictum whereby what we cannot speak about we must not pass over in silence. A brief summary of contributions, which are by no means limited to architecture, is concluded with a politically charged epilogue. The very last paragraph of the epilogue reveals the pink-on-pink reference.

Photo-Elicitation and Visual Semiotics: A Unique Methodology for Studying Inclusion for Children with Disabilities

Science.gov (United States)

Stockall, Nancy

2013-01-01

The methodology in this paper discusses the use of photographs as an elicitation strategy that can reveal the thinking processes of participants in a qualitatively rich manner. Photo-elicitation techniques combined with a Piercian semiotic perspective offer a unique method for creating a frame of action for later participant analysis. Illustrative…

Base connections for signal/sign structures : [summary].

Science.gov (United States)

2012-01-01

During six weeks in 2004, four major hurricanes struck Florida, and extreme wind-loading caused several large cantilever sign structures on the Interstate to fail. The Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) began a research program to address th...

Semiootikud elavad edasi. Ka Tartus / Marek Tamm

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tamm, Marek, 1973-

2000-01-01

Arvustus: Sign System Studies. Vol. 26. Tartu : Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus, 1998 ; Sign System Studies. Vol. 27. Tartu : Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus, 1999 ; Kultuurisemiootika teesid / V. Ivanov, J. Lotman, A. Pjatigorski... jt. Tartu : Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus, 1998. (Tartu Semiotics Library ; 1). Tekst vene, inglise ja eesti k. ; Tartu-Moskva semiootikakoolkonna mõistesõnastik / toim. Jan Levtshenko. Tartu : Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus, 1999 (Tartu Semiotics Library ; 2). Tekst vene k. Osa teksti eesti ja inglise k

Technique, Thematic, Symbolism and Semiotics - Authentic Synthesis in Adem Kastrati’s Creativity

OpenAIRE

Shpresa Tolaj-Gjonbalaj

2015-01-01

The choice to bring this topic consists in choosing the creative vocation of the inventive painter Adem Kastrati, who articulates the artistic work with a unique technique, the usage of brown soil color, as a pictorial material and tool without artificial mixture, stressing also the application of the specific pictorial structure, which is considered unique up to now. Main objective of this paper is the analysis of the technical, thematic, symbolic and semiotic authenticity, in Adem Kastrati’...

Semiotic aspects of quantum physics; Semiotische Aspekte der Quantenphysik

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Januschke, Eugen

2010-07-01

By means of semiotics it is studied, how it succeeds in quantum physics to make formulas plausible, the basic physical facts of which are not accessible for a common understanding respectively an understanding in the sense of classical physics. Thereby it deals with a generally acknowledged kind of making understandable of certain physical formulas beyond the individual marking distinctly of abilities of explaining and understanding of social phenomena and historical developments, whereby to these formulas each a certain experiment is put on side. The experiment is thereby such chosen that the physical phenomenon, which is described in the formula, is studied in the experiment, so that the formula then results as evaluation of the experiment.

Self-centering connections for traffic sign supporting structures.

Science.gov (United States)

2015-03-01

Steel structures supporting traffic sign panels are designed as intended to dissipate energy by : yielding structural members during severe wind loading (ex. strong hurricanes). Yielding results : in inelastic deformations, which are permanent damage...

New and smart materials - why and how

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

. The semiotic properties are becoming more and more important since consumers more increasingly select between products based on the meaning they associate to the product appearance. Semiotics is the study of signs and symbols and described by authors like Pierce and Saussure. Customer preferences also keep...

Cinematic shots and cuts: on the ethics and semiotics of real violence in film fiction

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Erik van Ooijen

2011-05-01

Full Text Available In this article I discuss a few ethical and semiotic problems related to reality's ability to actually take place within, and break through, fictional representations. I am particularly concerned with the presence of material bodies in the performing arts. I consider Hideshi Hino's Flower of Flesh and Blood (Ginî piggu 2: Chiniku no hana, 1985 as an initial example of purely fictional film violence. From a brief presentation of traditional theatre semiotics and the concept of a fictive stance, I then discuss two specific films where the body of the actor functions not only as the carrier of symbolical meaning but also as an indexical reference to a factual situation: John Waters’ Pink Flamingos (1972 and Ruggero Deodato's Cannibal Holocaust (1980. My main interest lies in the occurrence of real violence, and particularly animal killings, in exploitation cinema. By considering directors’ own statements on the matter, I suggest that such violence can not simply be dismissed as ethically flawed; rather, it carries a potential critique of the ideology of meat as pure commodity.

TOPOLOGICAL SEMANTICS: FOUNDATIONS OF THE DESCRIPTION OF THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PROPOSITIONAL SIGNS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Khalina, N.V.

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The questions of the topological semantics of natural language are discussed in the article/ The need to study the topological semantics is due to the change of the quality of the human environment and change the status of the language. Language in digital society is matched with technology. The basic concept of the topological semantics of natural language is recognized, according to the L. Wittgenstein’ philosophy on the sentence as a propositional sign, modeling and representing the world of facts. Logical basis of the topological semantics is derived from epistemic logic, in which the source concept relies on the notion of frame, motivating the emergence of the topological concept of ‘the scene’. Analyzes the concept of topological semantics developed by different authors and based on an understanding of language as a technology. With its origins in topological semantics is being built to a spatial semiotics, founded by Y. M. Lotman.

Technique, Thematic, Symbolism and Semiotics - Authentic Synthesis in Adem Kastrati’s Creativity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shpresa Tolaj-Gjonbalaj

2015-03-01

Full Text Available The choice to bring this topic consists in choosing the creative vocation of the inventive painter Adem Kastrati, who articulates the artistic work with a unique technique, the usage of brown soil color, as a pictorial material and tool without artificial mixture, stressing also the application of the specific pictorial structure, which is considered unique up to now. Main objective of this paper is the analysis of the technical, thematic, symbolic and semiotic authenticity, in Adem Kastrati’s works, which is based on the Albanian traditional history. The artist’s tendency to create a form of art apprehensible to all, through the articulation of a clear figurative language which occupies a specific considered space in the paper, shows the artist’s message transmission to receptive level in reference to psychological-spiritual condition. This paper is based on primary and secondary sources, direct analysis of the artist’s activity, as well as different materials and publishing. As for the idea, technique, theme, variety of signs and symbols reflected, it is important to notice that the artist’ s skill is very original in the universe of inventive values of pictorial art that is why he occupies an important position in the Albanian culture. Consequently, this paper reflects a unique panorama of the authentic synthesis of specifications that characterize this artist’s activity. Therefore through this exposition, we are trying not only to highlight his creativity, but we are also trying to highlight his works to all the competent institutions nationwide, whose art was presented in 50 individual and collective exhibitions in different countries of the world.

The (re)-introduction of semiotics into medical education: on the works of Thure von Uexküll.

Science.gov (United States)

Tredinnick-Rowe, John

2017-03-01

Thure von Uexküll's reputation as a pioneer in biosemiotics and also in psychosomatic medicine is well documented. It is easy to see these disciplines reflected in his notable publications, both in English and in German. However, if one spares the time to filter through all of his articles, monographs, conference papers and editorials in English and in German, a notable gap arises in his English language publications: that of clinical education. This gap in the English language literature may seem unimportant in and of itself, but it speaks volumes when we consider the total absence of medical semiotics in the curriculum of medical schools in the English speaking world. This runs in stark contrast to the strong traditions of psychosomatic medicine in Germany, which Thure von Uexküll largely helped to instil. Do the works of Thure von Uexküll offer a possible step towards a resurrection of medical semiotics in clinical education? This chapter attempts to explore the lesser known German literature on clinical education that Thure von Uexküll produced, and explore the role semiotics can play in Medical Education in the English speaking world. While also seeking to contrast this literature with other existing approaches in British and American medical schools who have attempted to reintroduce medical humanities and reflexive thinking into clinical education. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

Beyond Gombrich: the recrudescence of visual semiotics

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paolo Fabbri

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Gombrich’s semiological project draws its theoretical and methodical coherence from the direction toward sematology taken by Karl Bühler and his school (Popper and Lorenz. His visual studies, on art in particular, have focused more on the utterance dimension – the iconological ‘lexicon’, the ‘etymology’ of decorative patterns, the ‘symbolism’ of the expression plane – than on the communicational strategies of enunciation. Yet this pronominal and interactive level finds its definition in sematology first and only later in the Benveniste and Greimas analysis. Visual and art semiotics has now widened to the ‘discursive’ dimension, which includes both components – the utterance or the product; the uttering itself as the process of enunciation – and is able to describe and explain the rhetoric that is at the basis of Gombrich’s Situational Logic. In his centenary year, Gombrich, who has preceded and influenced us, continues to lead us as a guide.

Vectors, Change of Basis and Matrix Representation: Onto-Semiotic Approach in the Analysis of Creating Meaning

Science.gov (United States)

Montiel, Mariana; Wilhelmi, Miguel R.; Vidakovic, Draga; Elstak, Iwan

2012-01-01

In a previous study, the onto-semiotic approach was employed to analyse the mathematical notion of different coordinate systems, as well as some situations and university students' actions related to these coordinate systems in the context of multivariate calculus. This study approaches different coordinate systems through the process of change of…

Documentary Realism, Sampling Theory and Peircean Semiotics: electronic audiovisual signs (analog or digital as indexes of reality

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hélio Godoy

2007-07-01

Full Text Available This paper addresses Documentary Realism, focusing on thephysical phenomena of transduction that take place in analog and digital audiovisual systems, herein analyzed in the light of the Sampling Theory, within the framework of Shannon and Weaver’s Information Theory. Transduction is a process by which one type of energy is transformed into another, or by which information is transcodified. Within the scope of Documentary Realism, it cannotbe claimed that electronic audiovisual signs, because of their technical digital features lead to a rupture with reality. Rather, the digital documentary, based on electronic digital cinematography, is still an index of reality.

Market solidarity for a neoliberal society: a social semiotic analysis of the discourse of the solidarity advertising

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jose Antonio Román Brugnoli

2015-07-01

Full Text Available In recent years, solidarity has become problematized on three major fronts: the weakening of the Welfare State and the growing hegemony of the neoliberal model, the question of social cohesion at the globalization of market society, and from critical questions about the role of the concept of solidarity in these social transformations. This article aims to contribute to the debate on the first two fronts from an investigation that began in this last front: the basic semiotic operations in the solidarity advertising promotes a solidarity that is akin to a neoliberal discourse and a form of social cohesion in the market society. For this we performed a sociosemiotic analysis of 598 solidarity ads, we describe the use of resources and strategies for brand advertising, that appropriate the semiotic field of solidarity, contributing to the creation of a market of solidarity, a solidarity a la carte and an altruistic consumer.

A frequency-domain implementation of a sliding-window traffic sign detector for large scale panoramic datasets

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Creusen, I.M.; Hazelhoff, L.; With, de P.H.N.

2013-01-01

In large-scale automatic traffic sign surveying systems, the primary computational effort is concentrated at the traffic sign detection stage. This paper focuses on reducing the computational load of particularly the sliding window object detection algorithm which is employed for traffic sign

Cross-cultural human-computer interaction and user experience design a semiotic perspective

CERN Document Server

Brejcha, Jan

2015-01-01

This book describes patterns of language and culture in human-computer interaction (HCI). Through numerous examples, it shows why these patterns matter and how to exploit them to design a better user experience (UX) with computer systems. It provides scientific information on the theoretical and practical areas of the interaction and communication design for research experts and industry practitioners and covers the latest research in semiotics and cultural studies, bringing a set of tools and methods to benefit the process of designing with the cultural background in mind.

The politics and semiotics of sounds--Mayan linguistics and nation-building in Guatemala.

Science.gov (United States)

French, Brigittine M

2004-01-01

This paper discusses the development Mayan linguistics as an authoritative field of knowledge in Guatemala. In particular, it links missionary linguists' and Maya linguists' activities with shifting nationalist agendas from the 1920s in to the late 1980s. It is argued that during the historical and intellectual moment that linguistics becomes an authoritative epistemology, phonetic analysis functions as a creative index that constitutes "expert" knowledge for particular semiotic and ideological reasons tied to competing versions of the Guatemalan imagined community.

The Narrativization of an Unusual Event at the Belgrade Zoo: A Semiotic Analysis of The Story of Gabi the Dog and the Jaguar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sonja Žakula

2016-02-01

Full Text Available The paper offers a semiotic analysis of the narrative of Gabi the dog and the jaguar in the form in which the story appears on the website of the Belgrade zoo. I believe that it is valid to assume that an analysis of this narrative can provide a window into the ways in which meanings of concepts such as ‘wildness’, ‘domesticity’, ‘freedom’, ‘captivity’ and ultimately, ‘nature’ and ‘culture’ are articulated within the context of this institution. On the one hand, I will base the paper on ideas articulated in the field of human-animal relations, and on the other on the methodological postulates of semiotic analysis introduced by Algirdas Julien Greimas and further developed by Dragana Antonijević. The aim of the paper is to, by applying semiotic analysis to the way in which an unusual event at the zoo was narrativized, uncover the deeper structure of thought which underlies the story and reflects and shapes not just the discourse of the Belgrade zoo, but the implicit understanding of the role and function of zoos in Serbia up until the present day.

International Semiotics: Item Difficulty and the Complexity of Science Item Illustrations in the PISA-2009 International Test Comparison

Science.gov (United States)

Solano-Flores, Guillermo; Wang, Chao; Shade, Chelsey

2016-01-01

We examined multimodality (the representation of information in multiple semiotic modes) in the context of international test comparisons. Using Program of International Student Assessment (PISA)-2009 data, we examined the correlation of the difficulty of science items and the complexity of their illustrations. We observed statistically…

SHAPES OF JAVANESE KERIS AS A SYMBOLIC SIGN: TRANSFORMATION TOWARD THE ISLAMIC PERIOD

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Widodo Ariwibowo

2017-12-01

Full Text Available In articulating the visual elements of Keris we will find the concept of symbols, each of which corresponds to the typology of signs. The relationships among the trichotomy signs associated with the codes represent the horizon of the Javanese society regarding the Keris culture. All the Keris signs establish the abstracts relationship model that never has any function before being associated with the code. Principally, people who become the message recipient can perform decoding act by associating the signs with certain conventions. The expression articulation through the Keris elements is a symbol in the typology of signs. The Javanese society’s response or appreciation concerning the invented conventions needs to be investigated to conversely understand the system of signs production. The word kris, as an example, is semiotically classified into other words; keris, dhuhung, dhuwung, curiga, wangkingan, duwung, curiga, and katga, all of which refers to the same sign, which is the tipped stabbing weapons and covered in scabbard. This study found the cultural event of the ideological masking which represents certain period i.e. the deconstructive meanings on the luk of keris (kemba and rengkol illustrated the ideological transformation from Hinduism to Islamic era.   Dalam mengartikulasikan unsur visual Keris kita dihadapkan dengan konsep simbol, di mana setiap simbol sesuai dengan tipologi tanda-tanda. Hubungan antara trikotomi tanda-tanda yang terkait dengan kode mewakili cakrawala masyarakat Jawa tentang budaya Keris. Semua tanda-tanda Keris membangun hubungan abstrak model yang tidak akan pernah memiliki fungsi apapun sebelum dikaitkan dengan kode. Pada prinsipnya orang yang menjadi sasaran penyampaian pesan bisa melakukan decoding dengan cara mengaitkan tanda-tanda pada keris dengan konvensi-konvensi tertentu. Artikulasi ekspresi melalui unsur-unsur dalam Keris memanfaatkan simbol-simbol dalam tipologi tanda. Respons maupun apresiasi

Beyond reproduction: Semiotic perspectives on musical performance

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cook Nicholas

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The traditional musicological conception of performance is as the reproduction of pre-existing texts. This makes no allowance for the extent to which meaning emerges from the act of performance, and from the interactions between the various participants in performance events. A broadly semiotic approach focusses attention on such issues, and in this article I illustrate such an approach in terms of the communicative function of the mazurka ‘script’ and the role of performance gesture in conditioning musical meaning. I argue that, instead of thinking in terms of the reproduction of works, it is better to borrow Jeff Pressing’s term and think in terms of performances referencing scores, traditions, and other pre-existing entities: this way it is possible to conceptualise performances that range from the Werktreue ideology or tribute bands to parody or burlesque. Discourses of the relationship between works and performances are mirrored by those between performances and recordings, and consideration of the latter helps to clarify features shared by both: creativity, collaboration, and semiosis.

Tanda-Tanda dalam Iklan Komersial di Televisi (Analisis Semiotika pada Iklan Susu Sgm Eksplor Presinutri 3

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Erni Herawati

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Advertisement is one of promotional tools used by marketer to communicate with its audience or consumer which can be done through newspaper, magazine, internet, radio, and/or television. Using advertisement, the marketer tries to create signs in the message to the audience to make sure they really understand the message. The objective of the study is to analyze how the signs are created in the texts displayed on infant formula SGM Eksplor Presinutri 3 TV advertisement. The metodology is qualitative research using semiotics analysis. Peirce semiotics approach is applied to explore the signs in the advertisement. Secondary data were used, also supported by study literature, to conduct a deep analysis of this study. The research finding shows signs were used by the marketer to deliver the message of this product. 

Name signs in Danish Sign Language

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bakken Jepsen, Julie

2018-01-01

in spoken languages, where a person working as a blacksmith by his friends might be referred to as ‘The Blacksmith’ (‘Here comes the Blacksmith!’) instead of using the person’s first name. Name signs are found not only in Danish Sign Language (DSL) but in most, if not all, sign languages studied to date....... This article provides examples of the creativity of the users of Danish Sign Language, including some of the processes in the use of metaphors, visual motivation and influence from Danish when name signs are created.......A name sign is a personal sign assigned to deaf, hearing impaired and hearing persons who enter the deaf community. The mouth action accompanying the sign reproduces all or part of the formal first name that the person has received by baptism or naming. Name signs can be compared to nicknames...

Multimodal Stylistics: The Happy Marriage of Stylistics and Semiotics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nørgaard, Nina

2010-01-01

put up for analysis. Since the first major flourishing of stylistics in the 1960s, different linguistic paradigms and other academic trends of the times have caused the field to branch off into a great variety of sub-fields such as formalist stylistics, functionalist stylistics, cognitive stylistics......, doctor-patient discourse, academic writing, etc. While forceful in its rigour and systematism, the traditional stylistic approach (whether of a formalist, functionalist, cognitive or other orientation) has until recently largely failed to embrace meanings which are created by semiotic systems other than......Stylistics is the systematic study of the ways in which meaning is created by linguistic means in literature and other types of text. It arose from a wish to make literary criticism more ―scientific by anchoring the analysis of literature more solidly in the actual grammar and lexis of the texts...

Reklamlarda Kullanılan Marka Kişilik Arketiplerinin Göstergebilimsel Analizi(Semiotic Analysis of Brand Personality Archetypes Used in the Commercials

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Volkan YAKIN

2014-06-01

Full Text Available This study adopting a semiotic analysis aims to identify how personality archetypes have been used in commercials to create brand personalities. With this aim, the study first conceptualizes what these personality archetypes are and then analyses ten most successful global airline companies' commercials to show how each of them integrated these archetypes into their marketing strategies. The article analyses the commercial of one of these companies in detail through a semiotic analysis and then summarizes findings related to the other companies. The article finds out that all the successful aviation company commercials in question have mostly used caregiver and jester archetypes. In addition to this finding the article also provides the reader with data on the usage of all other archetypes in these examples.

On the System of Person-Denoting Signs in Estonian Sign Language: Estonian Name Signs

Science.gov (United States)

Paales, Liina

2010-01-01

This article discusses Estonian personal name signs. According to study there are four personal name sign categories in Estonian Sign Language: (1) arbitrary name signs; (2) descriptive name signs; (3) initialized-descriptive name signs; (4) loan/borrowed name signs. Mostly there are represented descriptive and borrowed personal name signs among…

Multimodal Redesign in Filmmaking Practices: An Inquiry of Young Filmmakers' Deployment of Semiotic Tools in Their Filmmaking Practice

Science.gov (United States)

Gilje, Oystein

2010-01-01

This article traces the trajectory of one particular scene in the work of three media students writing and filmmaking. The analysis scrutinizes the role of semiotic tools, such as synopsis and storyboard, in students' filmmaking practice. Moreover, the use of interactional data combined with textual data allows for a rich recording of the…

Understanding the notion of function and articulation of semiotic records that represent between students entering a program Engineering

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raúl Prada-Núñez

2016-08-01

Full Text Available This study aims to assess the understanding of the notion of function and the ability to articulate different semiotic registers for representation by new students in the university in Colombia. Immediate context is taken as the Faculty of Engineering at a public university. Epistemologically the study is based on symbolic interaction by analyzing the meanings that students attributed to this mathematical concept when addressing problem solving. The methodology, therefore, is qualitatively and use of theoretical coding is done. For analysis of the results it has been applied grounded theory with a structured approach. The information generated by this study corresponds to a test that showed students two graphic representations with the intent to identify which of them was a function, besides which should argue their response. Altogether 86 arguments around the concept are analyzed. Data analysis was done through atlas.ti 7.0 software. The system allows a glimpse of emerging categories the following findings: conceptual deficiencies, diversity in conceptual approaches, conceptual referents, semiotic representations, and finally highlight the various conceptual variations.

Stages of the recognition and roentgenological semiotics of minimal peripheric lung cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lindenbraten, L.D.

1987-01-01

The system of diagnosis of peripheral cancer should be aimed at its detection at stage TI m , i.e. at the detection of a tumor whose shadow on a radiogram 70x70 mm was within 0.5-1.5 cm, and on a plain chest X-ray it was within. Fluorographic and roentgenographic semiotics of minimal peripheral cancer was considered on 40 cases. it was pointed out that the diagnosis of early stages of tumor development could be made only by improving the organizational basis of mass screening by setting up consultative cancer pulmonological commissions. Physicians should be aware of minimum changes in the pulmonary tissue

A Rhetoric of Turns: Signs and Symbols in Education

Science.gov (United States)

Rutten, Kris; Soetaert, Ronald

2014-01-01

In our research and teaching we explore the value and the place of rhetoric in education. From a theoretical perspective we situate our work in different disciplines, inspired by major "turns": linguistic, cultural, anthropological/ethnographic, interpretive, semiotic, narrative, literary, rhetorical etc. In this article we engage in the…

Issues of terrorism on the internet in the wave of democratization of post-reform Indonesia: A semiotic analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aceng Ruhendi Saifullah

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The discourse of terrorism is a global issue but tends to be interpreted as controversial. This study sought to dismantle the controversy of meanings through the analysis of signs and meanings, with a view to explore and demonstrate the wave of democratization that took place in post-reform era in Indonesia. This study was a case study using readers’ responses to terrorism issues provided by cyber media on the Internet. It also rests primarily on the semiotic theory of Peirce and the concept of democratization of Huntington. The results showed that participation, freedom of expression, and equal power relations occurred in the interactive discourse in the cyber news media in the form of a dialogue between the responders, the media, and the debate among the responders. Responders tended to argue that signs and meanings are constructed by the media and to interpret information about terrorism as "political engineering" which was expressed by means of emotive tone. Meanwhile, the media tended to construct a "political imagery" which was expressed in a confrontational way, and the resources tended to understand it as "noise level of political elite ", which was expressed in a persuasive manner. Such differences occurred due to the factors of media context that tended to be "convivial" and the context of the communication situation on the Internet that tends to show "discretion". Based on these findings, this study concluded that interactive discourse in the Internet can be formulated as a democratic forum as the meaning making of the text is no longer dominated by media and the sources of information, but tend to be shared with the public. However, in terms of discourse process, interactive discourse in cyber media tends to be anarchic because the tone of interaction tends to be little, the relationship patterns tend to center on and be dominated by responders, the identities of responders tend to be anonymous, and linguistic expressions of the

Inclusive Indigenous Australian voices in the semiotic landscape of the National Museum of Australia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cole, Anne Jodon; Brooks, Eva Irene

2017-01-01

Histories of Indigenous peoples did not begin when European colonized their native lands: In Australia it began with the Dreaming some 40 to 60,000 years ago. Museum studies specify the need for museums to be socially responsible in their representation of cultures. This article examines two...... that the semiotic landscape of the museum was framed by the voices of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders’ narratives and represented a diversity of voices; personal and political. The curator’s understanding of the need to partner with the Indigenous community, suggests that curators are in position...

On a Cognitive Model of Semiosis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Konderak Piotr

2015-03-01

Full Text Available What is the class of possible semiotic systems? What kinds of systems could count as such systems? The human mind is naturally considered the prototypical semiotic system. During years of research in semiotics the class has been broadened to include i.e. living systems (Zlatev, 2002 like animals, or even plants (Krampen, 1992. It is suggested in the literature on artificial intelligence that artificial agents are typical examples of symbol-processing entities. It also seems that (at least some semiotic processes are in fact cognitive processes. In consequence, it is natural to ask the question about the relation between semiotic studies and research on artificial cognitive systems within cognitive science. Consequently, my main question concerns the problem of inclusion or exclusion from the semiotic spectrum at least some artificial (computational systems. I would like to consider some arguments against the possibility of artificial semiotic systems and I will try to repeal them. Then I will present an existing natural-language using agent of the SNePS system and interpret it in terms of Peircean theory of signs. I would like also to show that some properties of semiotic systems in Peircean sense could be also found in a discussed artificial system. Finally, I will have some remarks on the status of semiotics in general.

Forms the interpretant sign in visual and sound expression of ambience of a videojóquei

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guilherme Henrique de Oliveira Cestari

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The focus of this work is the operation of visual and audio signs in an urban ambience of entertainment, particularly the arragement of the interpretant of these signs in the luminous and cathartic output of vídeo presentations. The semiotic concept of diagrammatic reasoning is used to describe and analyze the apparitions of a clown character in an electronic music show of the British duo The Chemical Brothers, selected corpus for the study. The analyses cover the uses and the track of images and sounds at the moment the action takes place, with mask and trance being mobilized to exert hedonist, phantasmagoric, carnivalesque and ritualistic influence on the audience. The acting clown tends to produce interpretants, initially of na emotional and, subsequently, of an energetic nature, so as to incisively establish identity links with the audience. The developments of the character’s apparitions (which is inserted into the performance in different ways to yield persuasive messages are analyzed along with the effects resulting from the conjunction between sound and image which propagates in a synchronic, ambivalent and profuse manner, amid a crowd, an urban landscape and a playful phenomenon. A spiral shape guide was prepared to support the analysis and enable to infer about the work of the interpretant signs from the VJing, a kind of semeiosis typical of the videojockey’s action in this sort of event. Identity is then impregnated and so are mnemonic effects on the metropolitan cultures and habits, in the libertarian and effervescent nature of the party, on the emotion fruition reached by the audience.

[Classification of results of studying blood plasma with laser correlation spectroscopy based on semiotics of preclinical and clinical states].

Science.gov (United States)

Ternovoĭ, K S; Kryzhanovskiĭ, G N; Musiĭchuk, Iu I; Noskin, L A; Klopov, N V; Noskin, V A; Starodub, N F

1998-01-01

The usage of laser correlation spectroscopy for verification of preclinical and clinical states is substantiated. Developed "semiotic" classifier for solving the problems of preclinical and clinical states is presented. The substantiation of biological algorithms as well as the mathematical support and software for the proposed classifier for the data of laser correlation spectroscopy of blood plasma are presented.

New definitions of 6 clinical signs of perceptual disorder in children with cerebral palsy: an observational study through reliability measures.

Science.gov (United States)

Ferrari, A; Sghedoni, A; Alboresi, S; Pedroni, E; Lombardi, F

2014-12-01

Recently authors have begun to emphasize the non-motor aspects of Cerebral Palsy and their influence on motor control and recovery prognosis. Much has been written about single clinical signs (i.e., startle reaction) but so far no definitions of the six perceptual signs presented in this study have appeared in literature. This study defines 6 signs (startle reaction, upper limbs in startle position, frequent eye blinking, posture freezing, averted eye gaze, grimacing) suggestive of perceptual disorders in children with cerebral palsy and measures agreement on sign recognition among independent observers and consistency of opinions over time. Observational study with both cross-sectional and prospective components. Fifty-six videos presented to observers in random order. Videos were taken from 19 children with a bilateral form of cerebral palsy referred to the Children Rehabilitation Unit in Reggio Emilia. Thirty-five rehabilitation professionals from all over Italy: 9 doctors and 26 physiotherapists. Measure of agreement among 35 independent observers was compiled from a sample of 56 videos. Interobserver reliability was determined using the K index of Fleiss and reliability intra-observer was calculated by the Spearman correlation index between ranks (rho - ρ). Percentage of agreement between observers and Gold Standard was used as criterion validity. Interobserver reliability was moderate for startle reaction, upper limb in startle position, adverted eye gaze and eye-blinking and fair for posture freezing and grimacing. Intraobserver reliability remained consistent over time. Criterion validity revealed very high agreement between independent observer evaluation and gold standard. Semiotics of perceptual disorders can be used as a specific and sensitive instrument in order to identify a new class of patients within existing heterogeneous clinical types of bilateral cerebral palsy forms and could help clinicians in identifying functional prognosis. To provide

Quantum field theory in a semiotic perspective

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dosch, H.G.

2005-01-01

Viewing physical theories as symbolic constructions came to the fore in the middle of the nineteenth century with the emancipation of the classical theory of the electromagnetic field from mechanics; most notably this happened through the work of Helmholtz, Hertz, Poincare, and later Weyl. The epistemological problems that nourished this development are today highlighted within quantum field theory. The present essay starts off with a concise and non-technical outline of the firmly based aspects of relativistic quantum field theory, i.e. the very successful description of subnuclear phenomena. The particular methods, by which these different aspects have to be accessed, then get described as distinct facets of quantum field theory. The authors show how these different facets vary with respect to the relation between quantum fields and associated particles. Thus, by emphasising the respective role of various basic concepts involved, the authors claim that only a very general epistemic approach can properly account for this diversity - an account they trace back to the philosophical writings of the aforementioned physicists and mathematicians. Finally, what they call their semiotic perspective on quantum field theory gets related to recent discussions within the philosophy of science and turns out to act as a counterbalance to, for instance, structural realism. (orig.)

Quantum field theory in a semiotic perspective

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dosch, H.G. [Heidelberg Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Theoretische Physik; Mueller, V.F. [Technische Univ. Kaiserslautern (Germany). Fachbereich Physik; Sieroka, N. [Zurich Univ. (Switzerland)

2005-07-01

Viewing physical theories as symbolic constructions came to the fore in the middle of the nineteenth century with the emancipation of the classical theory of the electromagnetic field from mechanics; most notably this happened through the work of Helmholtz, Hertz, Poincare, and later Weyl. The epistemological problems that nourished this development are today highlighted within quantum field theory. The present essay starts off with a concise and non-technical outline of the firmly based aspects of relativistic quantum field theory, i.e. the very successful description of subnuclear phenomena. The particular methods, by which these different aspects have to be accessed, then get described as distinct facets of quantum field theory. The authors show how these different facets vary with respect to the relation between quantum fields and associated particles. Thus, by emphasising the respective role of various basic concepts involved, the authors claim that only a very general epistemic approach can properly account for this diversity - an account they trace back to the philosophical writings of the aforementioned physicists and mathematicians. Finally, what they call their semiotic perspective on quantum field theory gets related to recent discussions within the philosophy of science and turns out to act as a counterbalance to, for instance, structural realism. (orig.)

Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom (DIKW: A Semiotic Theoretical and Empirical Exploration of the Hierarchy and its Quality Dimension

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sasa Baskarada

2013-03-01

Full Text Available What exactly is the difference between data and information? What is the difference between data quality and information quality; is there any difference between the two? And, what are knowledge and wisdom? Are there such things as knowledge quality and wisdom quality? As these primitives are the most basic axioms of information systems research, it is somewhat surprising that consensus on exact definitions seems to be lacking. This paper presents a theoretical and empirical exploration of the sometimes directly quoted, and often implied Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom (DIKW hierarchy and its quality dimension. We first review relevant literature from a range of perspectives and develop and contextualise a theoretical DIKW framework through semiotics. The literature review identifies definitional commonalities and divergences from a scholarly perspective; the theoretical discussion contextualises the terms and their relationships within a semiotic framework and proposes relevant definitions grounded in that framework. Next, rooted in Wittgenstein’s ordinary language philosophy, we analyse 20 online news articles for their uses of the terms and present the results of an online focus group discussion comprising 16 information systems experts. The empirical exploration identifies a range of definitional ambiguities from a practical perspective.

Prolonged elevation of viral loads in HIV-1-infected children

African Journals Online (AJOL)

cqq1a

2010-11-09

Nov 9, 2010 ... treatment i.e. mean difference (signed-rank test) in viral load “before” and .... We used Abbott Determine and Unigold as the rapid HIV test kits. The ..... N: Number of patients, *: Wilcoxon signed ranks test for Median difference ...

The Cybersemiotic Model of Communication: An Evolutionary View on the Threshold between Semiosis and Informational Exchange

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Søren Brier

2008-07-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses various suggestions for a philosophical framework for a trans-disciplinary information science or a semiotic doctrine. These are: the mechanical materialistic, the pan-informational, the Luhmanian second order cybernetic approach, Peircian biosemiotics and finally the pan-semiotic approach. The limitations of each are analysed. The conclusion is that we will not have to choose between either a cybernetic-informational or a semiotic approach. A combination of a Peircian-based biosemiotics with autopoiesis theory, second order cybernetics and information science is suggested in a five-levelled cybersemiotic framework. The five levels are 1 a level of Firstness, 2 a level of mechanical matter, energy and force as Secondness, 3 a cybernetic and thermodynamic level of information, 4 a level of sign games and 5 a level of conscious language games. These levels are then used to differentiate levels of information systems, sign and language games in human communication. In our model Maturana and Varela’s description of the logic of the living as autopoietic is accepted and expanded with Luhmann’s generalization of the concept of autopoiesis, to cover also to psychological and socio-communicative systems. Adding a Peircian concept of semiosis to Luhmann’s theory in the framework of biosemiotics enables us to view the interplay of mind and body as a sign play. I have in a previous publication (see list of references suggested the term “sign play” pertaining to exosemiotics processes between animals in the same species by stretching Wittgenstein's language concept into the animal world of signs. The new concept of intrasemiotics designates the semiosis of the interpenetration between biological and psychological autopoietic systems as Luhmann defines them in his theory. One could therefore view intrasemiotics as the interplay between Lorenz' biological defined motivations and Freud's Id, understood as the psychological aspect

Semiotic Interpretation of the Legend of the Golden Cradle from the High Mother Perspective

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aynur KOÇAK

2017-07-01

Full Text Available This study involves the semiotic interpretation of the high mother variant of the legend of the Golden Cradle which is a Crimean–Tatar tale. The peninsula located at the Northern Black Sea is called Crimea. Turks living there are called Tatars. Semiotics is uncovering the visi-ble and unseen meanings within an expression or work and analyzing them through various methods. One of those models is Greimas’s Square of Opposition and it is used in this work. The word mother is a significant con-cept that can be seen in mythology, art, sociology and psychology at the same time. The source of its signifi-cance is the symbolic meanings it possesses which are existence (origination from the birth also feeding and protecting. On the other hand, the Golden Cradle is the existential legend that the Crimean people projected on their future generations. This legend has various vari-ants; the one related to high mother has its sentimental value improved as it feeds from the concept of mother. The first part of the work involves the simplified version of the story. The second part contains the interpretation of key events occurred in the course of tale also this part covers the key concepts. The third part is about the mother archetype. Mother Umay is covered in the fourth part. The importance of wolf symbolism in Turkish culture is presented in the fifth section. In the six and the last section the Greimas Square is given.

[Sonographic semiotics of ureterohydronephrosis in children].

Science.gov (United States)

Khakkulov, E B

2016-04-01

To identify typical sonographic semiotics of ureterohydronephrosis in children having importance in determining the severity of disease and the choice of treatment strategy in this category of patients. Sonographic images of the kidneys and urinary tract of 158 children with ureterohydronephrosis were examined. Unilateral and bilateral ureterohydronephrosis was found in 75 and 83 children, respectively. There were 100 (63.3%) boys and 58 (36.7%) girls. The age of patients ranged from 3 months to 14 years (mean 4.15+/-3.21). Ultrasound examination enables the upper 193 (80.1%) and lower 167 (69.3%) third of ureters to be visualized. At the same time more than half of the visualized ureters had a diameter greater than 1 cm, and one-tenth of the affected ureters had diameters greater than 2 cm. If direct visualization of the ureters was impossible, pelvicalyceal system was evaluated, which was expanded on the affected side in all examined children. The morpho-sonographic changes of renal parenchymal in children with III-IV degree ureterohydronephrosis are described in details. Ultrasound examination can be regarded as a screening method for initial evaluation of patients with ureterohydronephrosis. It provides a rough estimation of the extent, level and nature of disturbances of urinary excretion, a preliminary assessment of the renal parenchyma and identification of anomalies of the urinary tract. These findings can be useful in choosing an optimal algorithm of diagnosis and surgical treatment of the disease.

Analysis of Virtual Learning Environments from a Comprehensive Semiotic Perspective

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gloria María Álvarez Cadavid

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Although there is a wide variety of perspectives and models for the study of online education, most of these focus on the analysis of the verbal aspects of such learning, while very few consider the relationship between speech and elements of a different nature, such as images and hypermediality. In a previous article we presented a proposal for a comprehensive semiotic analysis of virtual learning environments that more recently has been developed and tested for the study of different online training courses without instructional intervention. In this paper we use this same proposal to analyze online learning environments in the framework of courses with instructional intervention. One of the main observations in relation to this type of analyses is that the organizational aspects of the courses are found to be related to the way in which the input elements for the teaching and learning process are constructed.

A Critical and Semiotic Approach to the Wonderful, Horrible Life Cycle of the Kony 2012 Viral Video

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Andacht

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Is it possible or plausible to represent horror and evil persuasively or authentically in these internet-multi-distributed times? And how can we account for a vast, belligerent reaction of public opinion when the representation of horror or evil is watched by an unprecedented, massive amount of people in North America and elsewhere in the YouTube realm? The unparalleled audience success of an unusually lengthy audiovisual narrative uploaded on YouTube whose subject matter is the quest for justice in East Africa was as remarkable as the diverse audience response of dismay, hope, joy and anger it elicited. The reaction was expressed in traditional print media (e.g. a special issue of The New York Times, in countless blogs and in YouTube – through assorted video-responses and written remarks, many of which were so disparaging that this function was disabled for the Kony 2012 video on YouTube. To try to account for the outpour of supportive viewers and of an increasingly negative response, I analyse its visual rhetoric and also some the critical remarks it triggered. The main strategy of the video consists in what I have described elsewhere as the “index appeal” of popular factuality programming (reality shows, docudramas, talk shows and documentaries, namely, the prevalence of allegedly involuntary signs aimed at producing intense emotions in viewers. Peirce’s semiotic theory of indexicality – as well as of iconic and of symbolic signs – is central to my analytical approach, as well as his critique of dualism. I also revisit a 1948 paper of two seminal figures in the pantheon of communication theory, P. Lazarsfeld and R. Merton. Their functionalist analysis of media effects posits a peculiar “narcotizing dysfunction” to account for the apathy produced in the audience despite the increasing intake of media information by the population. This paradoxical media effect posited by early functionalism, I think, is akin to what is harshly

Topical safety analysis report for the transportation of the NUHOMS{reg_sign} dry shielded canister. Volume 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

None

1993-08-01

A thermal analyses for the 10CFR71 normal conditions of . transport and hypothetical accident conditions is presented for the conceptual NUHOMS{reg_sign} Transportation Cask and NUHOMS{reg_sign}-24P DSC system. The purpose of the thermal analyses presented herein is to demonstrate that the conceptual NUHOMS{reg_sign} Transportation Cask with the NUHOMS{reg_sign}-24P DSC provides suitable heat dissipation to maintain the heat removal capacity of the loaded NUHOMS{reg_sign} Transportation Cask. The thermal analyses results show that the maximum temperatures and pressures of the NUHOMS{reg_sign} Transportation Cask and the NUHOMS{reg_sign}-24P DSC are within their allowable material temperature and pressure limits.

Some Peircean approaches to organizational communication. Formal and informal relations in a museum

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos González Pérez

2014-11-01

Full Text Available The main objectives of this work point to an analysis of internal communication processes of a natural science museum of the city of La Plata (Buenos Aires province to explain the relationship between the formal and informal instances from some approaches to the Peircean semiotics perspective. Other experiences are also taken into account in order to consider different ways of museum´s materialization. We believe that the contribution of this semiotic view is enriching because of its triadic sign scheme and because it allows to regard nonlinear complex processes related to the cultural aspects of museums, determined by a given historical moment. The research in the theoretical directions of the authors who are included in this perspective, enables us to approach the complexity of communication processes, given that all communication is done through signs, and signs can be interpreted in one or another way and can grow and generate a more developed set of signs. We resort to specific operations of visual image semiotics to analyze the signaling in museums, and to specific operations of symbolic semiotics to analyze the discourse of interviews. Through these operations we can achieve explanations about what kind of valuation does the museum´s stuff perform about the formal communication processes and also as to the informal spaces which complement them. We can also state that some problems in the organizational structure must be resolved (as an important segmentation identified in the named museum in order to implement a participative communication model. We identify some aspects related to extension strategies, to the studies of public, and to the relationship that the museum at study has with Argentine aboriginal communities, and likewise aspects that the organization values in the present and wants to project into the future.

Sign Lowering and Phonetic Reduction in American Sign Language.

Science.gov (United States)

Tyrone, Martha E; Mauk, Claude E

2010-04-01

This study examines sign lowering as a form of phonetic reduction in American Sign Language. Phonetic reduction occurs in the course of normal language production, when instead of producing a carefully articulated form of a word, the language user produces a less clearly articulated form. When signs are produced in context by native signers, they often differ from the citation forms of signs. In some cases, phonetic reduction is manifested as a sign being produced at a lower location than in the citation form. Sign lowering has been documented previously, but this is the first study to examine it in phonetic detail. The data presented here are tokens of the sign WONDER, as produced by six native signers, in two phonetic contexts and at three signing rates, which were captured by optoelectronic motion capture. The results indicate that sign lowering occurred for all signers, according to the factors we manipulated. Sign production was affected by several phonetic factors that also influence speech production, namely, production rate, phonetic context, and position within an utterance. In addition, we have discovered interesting variations in sign production, which could underlie distinctions in signing style, analogous to accent or voice quality in speech.

Melbourne versus Sydney: semiotic reflections on first and second cities.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Massimo Leone

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Urban marketing has recently been adopting the concept, and the label, of “second city”. However, this concept requires sharper theoretical definition in order to turn heuristic. Thus far, it has been conceived in relation to an “ideology of ranking”, strictly related to the worldview of post-modern globalization. A more fruitful definition of “second cities” results from Charles S. Peirce’s idea of secondness: a city is second to another not in quantitative, but in qualitative and relational terms. The semiotic model of Jurij M. Lotman offers a suitable methodology to analyse this relational definition, as it is exemplified by the case-study of the rivalry between Melbourne and Sydney. A historical survey of their relation shows that the latter progressively embraced an identity of “secondness” so as to successfully market an alternative vision of urban life. Melbourne therefore provides a model for non-quantitative construction of urban distinctiveness.

Ideology, affect, semiotics: towards a non-personal theory of personality.

Science.gov (United States)

Larocco, Steve

2014-06-01

Personality theories, as Giordano (2014) argues, often treat Western versions of the self as having universal import. Eastern notions of self, however, offer a dramatically different basis for thinking about what personality might be. This paper, nonetheless, seeks to offer a general framework for theorizing about the epiphenomenon of personality in any culture, asserting that it is an effect of specific histories of ideological practices, semiotic networks and systems, and affect, which engage each other in dialogic and dialectical ways. The interactions of these factors, guided by ideology, regularize behavior and affective dynamics, largely in non-personal ways. Subjects are produced and reproduced from these complex interactions, which are situationally specific and simultaneously transpersonal. The subjects formed through these interactions are the basis for the folk psychology of personality, which treats the transient, varying effects of these interactions as more or less reified qualities that form a basis for the construction of selfhood, however conceived.

Breastfeeding: semiotic analysis and éducommunicationnelle approach. Handling the meanings and performative acts

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Audrey BONJOUR

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Our contribution aims to describe the value system carried by a particular practice what consumption breastfeeding and through communication campaigns, including posters. Our results lead us first to introduce the link between beliefs and imaginary figurability of breastfeeding by providing an analysis in terms of sensory experience, semiological breaks and handling of the normative framework. Then we update the axiology of breastfeeding with original opposition of nature versus culture and the importance of moral values. Finally, we analyze how these campaigns are involved in creating a communicative ecosystem (éducosystème promoting participation and individual commitment. Through this semiotic analysis and éducommunicationnelle of breastfeeding, we show that a new social imagination is in progress.

Peirce, Sebeok, and the Semiotic Reformation on Contemporary Communications

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Asuncion L. Magsino

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Language in a broad sense becomes imperative for communication to ensue. Language considered as a system of signs and signification is achieved through a process involving sign relations, e.g. semiosis. Charles S. Peirce’s Theory of Signs can provide a basic framework for the elucidation of the intelligibility of signs. Furthermore, the ability for generating sign processes in an organized manner is determined by what Thomas A. Sebeok designates as an organism’s modeling capacity. Modeling capacities range from primitive to complex, thus generating three orders of language corresponding to language as a Primary Modeling System (PMS, a Secondary Modeling System (SMS and a Tertiary Modeling System (TMS. This Peirce-Sebeok framework for communication, which John Deely places as “postmodern,” is premised upon what he designates as the suprasubjective nature of sign relations and their equally suprasubjective function. Thus, Sebeok’s Modeling Theory together with Peirce’s doctrine on the nature and behavior of signs can be used to direct the generation as well as the interpretation of language systems in accordance with the ultimate norm of communication, that is, to reflect truth as an icon of reality.

"You Can't Have a Cake unless It's Written Down": Semiotic Activity and Authentic Learning in Play as a Potential Tool for Analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Cook, Deirdre M.

2001-01-01

Explores young children's mark-making in a domestic play setting. Suggests mark-making indicates aspects of the relationship between semiotic and conceptual development. Focuses on contexts in which mark-making occurs and on the authenticity of the learning events in which children participate. (DLH)

Sémiotická analýza předvánočních spotů mobilní sítě Oskar/Vodafone

OpenAIRE

Harastejová, Olga

2009-01-01

The diploma thesis "semiotic analysis of pre Christmas commercial spots of the Oskar/Vodafone network" deals with an analysis of this cell phone operator television advertising which has been broadcasted after its enter onto the Czech market. The thesis has been set in the context of symbolic interactionism and semiotics, or theoretical and terminological framework by a French semiotician Ronald Barthes and his conception of a sign and the process of its meaning construction. The study is dra...

The semiosis of students’ conceptual understanding of biochemistry

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Musaeus, Peter; Mathiesen, Søren Læssøe; Dahl, Mads Ronald

2013-01-01

University students learning of scientific concepts can be described as a process of semiosis at three different levels: Ontogenetic, whereby students over time actively acquire signs that represent new meaning to themselves; mesogenetic, whereby a teacher through teaching an dialogue activities...... together with students build conceptual understanding; sociogenetic, whereby the scientific achievements of a science disseminate into the classroom. Semiotic processes have been investigated in educational semiotics (Cunningham, 1992), sociocultural psychology (Valsiner, 2007) and research on math...

A Cognitive Semiotic Approach to the Aesthetic Interplay between Form and Meaning in Responsive Environements

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Markussen, Thomas

2007-01-01

. As has been pointed out on several occasions this does not capture the cross modal interaction between body movement and vision, emotion and vision that plays such a crucial role when we make sense of interaction design. In order to achieve this I will argue that design semiotics can benefit largely from...... picking up models from morphodynamics and neurocognitive research into how our brain, body and mind mutually shape one another. By applying these models in an analysis of a case example, the paper intends to demonstrate that these models provide an explanation of how conceptual meaning in responsive...

Words and figures. A socio-semiotic approach of the electoral poster

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniela ROVENTA-FRUMUSANI

2015-07-01

Full Text Available At the beginning of the third millennium, in a “risk society” threatened by crisis we witness a reconfiguration of the individuals relationship to media messages which becomes more and more complex. Political action change (“Arab spring”, “Bucharest civic winter”, discourses emphasize the interactive components (debates, polemics, acid commentaries, channels multiply (SMS, Blogs, social networks, media genre and perspectives also change. In the framework characterized by: i fragmentation of public space, ii new forms of social interaction ; iii specific media stories and representations, we analyze the political mediated discourse on the basis of the emotion/argumentation dichotomy. Our corpus is constituted by electoral messages (outdoors from the last Romanian Parliamentary elections (December 2012 and web sites of the main political parties. The methodological approach will be based on a semiotic and discourse analysis of political advertising messages compared to commercial advertising.

On semiotic causality, levels of life, and the reification of resification

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Emmeche, Claus

2012-01-01

that it possible to find a kind of natural abstraction in natural systems when seen in a macro-historical perspective. The tradition of systems theory and non-linear dynamics see life as having emerged from non-living systems in an open process of generating new levels of organization. However, this perspective......A biosemiotic perspective upon modeling causation and levels of life can help inform our search for a deeper understanding of complex living systems. We attempt, first, to reify the notion of abstraction to include emergent natural processes of some kind, and second, to warrant the claim...... is incomplete and must be complemented with a conceptual model of how the newer more complex higher levels constrain and thus interpret, i.e., determine, processes and components at lower levels in the hierarchy, and that this kind of ‘downward causation’ is a semiotic process in the sense of involving natural...

Magnetic field control of 90 Degree-Sign , 180 Degree-Sign , and 360 Degree-Sign domain wall resistance

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Majidi, Roya, E-mail: royamajidi@gmail.com [Department of Physics, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Lavizan, 16788-15811 Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2012-10-01

In the present work, we have compared the resistance of the 90 Degree-Sign , 180 Degree-Sign , and 360 Degree-Sign domain walls in the presence of external magnetic field. The calculations are based on the Boltzmann transport equation within the relaxation time approximation. One-dimensional Neel-type domain walls between two domains whose magnetization differs by angle of 90 Degree-Sign , 180 Degree-Sign , and 360 Degree-Sign are considered. The results indicate that the resistance of the 360 Degree-Sign DW is more considerable than that of the 90 Degree-Sign and 180 Degree-Sign DWs. It is also found that the domain wall resistance can be controlled by applying transverse magnetic field. Increasing the strength of the external magnetic field enhances the domain wall resistance. In providing spintronic devices based on magnetic nanomaterials, considering and controlling the effect of domain wall on resistivity are essential.

A statistical analysis of the impact of advertising signs on road safety.

Science.gov (United States)

Yannis, George; Papadimitriou, Eleonora; Papantoniou, Panagiotis; Voulgari, Chrisoula

2013-01-01

This research aims to investigate the impact of advertising signs on road safety. An exhaustive review of international literature was carried out on the effect of advertising signs on driver behaviour and safety. Moreover, a before-and-after statistical analysis with control groups was applied on several road sites with different characteristics in the Athens metropolitan area, in Greece, in order to investigate the correlation between the placement or removal of advertising signs and the related occurrence of road accidents. Road accident data for the 'before' and 'after' periods on the test sites and the control sites were extracted from the database of the Hellenic Statistical Authority, and the selected 'before' and 'after' periods vary from 2.5 to 6 years. The statistical analysis shows no statistical correlation between road accidents and advertising signs in none of the nine sites examined, as the confidence intervals of the estimated safety effects are non-significant at 95% confidence level. This can be explained by the fact that, in the examined road sites, drivers are overloaded with information (traffic signs, directions signs, labels of shops, pedestrians and other vehicles, etc.) so that the additional information load from advertising signs may not further distract them.

Ancient mythological images and their interpretation: an introduction to iconology, semiotics and image studies in classical art history

OpenAIRE

Lorenz, Katharina

2016-01-01

When we try to make sense of pictures, what do we gain when we use a particular method - and what might we be missing or even losing? Empirical experimentation on three types of mythological imagery - a Classical Greek pot, a frieze from Hellenistic Pergamon and a second-century CE Roman sarcophagus - enables Katharina Lorenz to demonstrate how theoretical approaches to images (specifically, iconology, semiotics, and image studies) impact the meanings we elicit from Greek and Roman art. A gui...

[Comparative analysis of the semiotics of disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis and exogenous allergic alveolitis in accordance with the data of computed tomography].

Science.gov (United States)

Amansakhedov, R B; Limarova, I V; Perfiliev, A V; Abdullaev, R Yu; Sigaev, A T; Ergeshov, A E

2016-01-01

to improve the differential diagnosis of disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis (DPT) and exogenous allergic alveolitis (EAA) via comparative investigation of their computed tomography (CT) semiotics and identification of the most informative diagnostic criteria. 70 patients, including 40 patients with DPT in a phase of infiltration and 30 patients with acute EAA, were studied using a Somatom Emotion 16 multi-slice spiral CT scanner (Siemens). All the patients underwent spiral scanning from the upper chest aperture to the costodiaphragmatic recesses with a high CT algorithm at 0.8-mm slice thickness and a 1.5-mm step. Analysis of the spread of dissemination foci established that pathological changes were peribronchovascularly located in both nosological entities and characterized by a preponderance of septal and intrabronchial locations in DPT and by a centrilobular distribution in EAA. Centrilobular foci were more commonly poorly defined in EAA and mixed foci were observed in DPT. In the latter, peribronchovascular, centrilobular foci were revealed at a distance from the visceral pleura (the boundary of the deep and superficial lymphatic network, respectively) in 38% and more than half of the cases (62%) with the involvement of the visceral and parietal pleura; in EAA, the centrilobular foci were more often combined with the involvement of the visceral pleura in more than 92% of cases. The tree-in-bud sign was significantly more common in DPT. The latter was mostly characterized by apicocaudal regression of dissemination. In EAA, the foci were more frequently located asymmetrically. Monomorphic foci with destruction, as well as their polymorphism were seen in DPT; those without destruction were predominantly observed in EAA. CT ground glass and mosaic perfusion syndromes were significantly more often in EAA. In DPT, the visceral and parietal pleuras were involved in the process in 62% of cases and changes were also more common in the extrapleural fat. In addition to

Matter-Reality in Cinema: Realism, Counter-Realism and the Avant-Gardes

OpenAIRE

Walldén, Rea

2012-01-01

The present text investigates the dialectics of reality and materiality in cin­ema theory and practice. It attempts an epistemological and meta-semiotic approach. Based on Louis Hjelmslev's model of sign-function, it reformu­lates both the haunting of cinema by reality and the avant-gardes' focus on materiality as problematising the relation of cinematic semiosis to the exo-semiotic[1] realm. It starts by laying down the philosophical background of the issues investigated. It then explores th...

67 History and Symbols in Juliana Okoh's Throes of Leadership ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

USER

Semiotics is therefore a study that spans both humanities/arts studies and the social ... traffic signs to such simple signs as a salutation, down to a wave of goodbye are all ... cars, the architecture of buildings, and the design of cereal packaging. ..... buried in Choba River (by Choba-Emeohua bridge) by a mock priest ...

[Transparency regime: semiotics of radiographical images in urological diagnostics].

Science.gov (United States)

Martin, M; Fangerau, H

2012-10-01

Shortly after Röntgen discovered x-rays urology became one of the main test fields for the application of this new technology. Initial scepticism among physicians, who were inclined to cling to traditional manual methods of diagnosing, was replaced by enthusiasm for radiographic technologies and the new method soon became the standard in, for example the diagnosis of concrements. Patients favoring radiographic procedures over the use of probes and a convincing documentation of stones in radiograms were factors that impacted the relatively rapid integration of radiology into urology. The radiographic representation of soft tissues and body cavities was more difficult and the development of contrast agents in particular posed a serious problem. Several patients died during this research. A new diagnostic dimension was revealed when radiography and cystography were combined to form the method of retrograde pyelography. However, the problem of how urologists could learn how to read the new images remained. In order to allow trainee physicians to practice interpreting radiograms atlases were produced which offered explanatory texts and drawings for radiographic images of the kidneys, the bladder etc. Thus, urologists developed a self-contained semiotics which facilitated the appropriation of a unique urological radiographical gaze.

The Use of Problem-Solving Techniques to Develop Semiotic Declarative Knowledge Models about Magnetism and Their Role in Learning for Prospective Science Teachers

Science.gov (United States)

Ismail, Yilmaz

2016-01-01

This study aims to develop a semiotic declarative knowledge model, which is a positive constructive behavior model that systematically facilitates understanding in order to ensure that learners think accurately and ask the right questions about a topic. The data used to develop the experimental model were obtained using four measurement tools…

A Semiotic Study of Elementary Teachers' Beliefs about Learning and Teaching of Minority and Latino/a Immigrant Students: The Encounter of Different Umwelten

Science.gov (United States)

Baratta Posada, Ana Elisa

2012-01-01

Semiotic paradigm and Carspecken's (1996) critical ethnography were used in a qualitative research study of elementary teachers' beliefs about minority and Latino/a immigrant students and the role of life experiences, culture and Umwelt in the formation and influence of beliefs. The participants were a kindergarten, first grade, and second grade…

Radiodiagnosis of filled retention bronchial cysts and lung tuberculomes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gudz', A.E.

1987-01-01

Radiological semiotics of filled retention bronchial cysts in 23 patients and of lung tuberculomes in 52 is studied on the basis of the data on roentgenography, tomography and bronchography. Characteristic radiological signs of retention bronchial cysts and tuberculomes are determined. Significance of each radiological sign for differential diagnosis of filled retention bronchial cysts and lung tuberculomes is estimated

When intelligence is in control

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bellman, K.L.

1996-12-31

Each time a discipline redefines itself, I look at it as a sign of growth, because often such redefinition means that there is new theory, new methods, or new {open_quotes}disciples{close_quote} from other disciplines who are stretching, enlarging, and deepening the field. Such is the case with semiotics. Deeply entwined with the concepts of {open_quotes}intelligent systems{close_quotes}, {open_quotes}intelligent control{close_quotes}, and complex systems theory, semiotics struggles to develop representations, notations (systems of representations), and models (functionally-oriented sets of related representations) to study systems that may or may not be usefully described as employing representations, notations, and models themselves. That last, of course, is the main problem that semiotics faces. Semiotics, like psychology, philosophy, or any other self-referential discipline, is burdened by the eye attempting to study the eye or the mind studying the mind, or more to the point here, the modeler studying the modeling acts of others.

Bedah Logo Autocillin Menggunakan Teori Semiotika

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sari Wulandari

2010-10-01

Full Text Available When a brand will communicate with people through visual media, then a visual communication designer will act as the sender in meaningful visual. A vehicle product assurance, Autocillin, will launch its brand; therefore it needs to presence visual identity of Autocillin, which is able to change people’s perception about assurance and also to represent brand image according to its ideals and hopes with its philosophy. Research method uses theory approach of semiotic theory from Peirce with its developing on icon, index and symbol. It also uses semiotic theory from Charles Morris of its semiotic processes: syntax, semantic, and pragmatic; and Roland Barthes approach of semiotic analysis towards design. It will be concluded that through visual identity, Autocillin could answer needs in communicating unprecedented experience of its consumers and change people’s perception of vehicle assurance. Through sign approach, Autocillin is ready to interact and compete with other brands. 

Metacarpal sign

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Barbara Nieradko-Iwanicka

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Background Archibald's sign, or metacarpal sign is defined as shortening of the IV and V metacarpal bones, is a rare phenomenon found in the Turner syndrome, homocystinuria and in Albright's osteodystrophy. Objectives The aim of the article was to show a rare case of metacarpal sign with atypical shortening of the III and IV metacarpal bones not connected with gonadal dysgenesia, genetic disorders nor osteodystrophy. Material and methods Case report of a 60-year-old female patient. Results Artchibald's metacarpal sign in the described case was accompanied by erosive arthritis in the left lower extremity. No features of genetic disorders nor gonadal disgenesia were found in the patient. Undifferentiated seronegative asymmetric erosive arthritis developed in the patient. The level of parathormon was within the normal range. No signs of tumor were seen in bone scintigraphy. Conclusions Archibald's metacarpal sign may be present in patients without genetic disorders.

Ergonomics and design: traffic sign and street name sign.

Science.gov (United States)

Moroni, Janaina Luisa da Silva; Aymone, José Luís Farinatti

2012-01-01

This work proposes a design methodology using ergonomics and anthropometry concepts applied to traffic sign and street name sign projects. Initially, a literature revision on cognitive ergonomics and anthropometry is performed. Several authors and their design methodologies are analyzed and the aspects to be considered in projects of traffic and street name signs are selected and other specific aspects are proposed for the design methodology. A case study of the signs of "Street of Antiques" in Porto Alegre city is presented. To do that, interviews with the population are made to evaluate the current situation of signs. After that, a new sign proposal with virtual prototyping is done using the developed methodology. The results obtained with new interviews about the proposal show the user satisfaction and the importance of cognitive ergonomics to development of this type of urban furniture.

Sign language comprehension: the case of Spanish sign language.

Science.gov (United States)

Rodríguez Ortiz, I R

2008-01-01

This study aims to answer the question, how much of Spanish Sign Language interpreting deaf individuals really understand. Study sampling included 36 deaf people (deafness ranging from severe to profound; variety depending on the age at which they learned sign language) and 36 hearing people who had good knowledge of sign language (most were interpreters). Sign language comprehension was assessed using passages of secondary level. After being exposed to the passages, the participants had to tell what they had understood about them, answer a set of related questions, and offer a title for the passage. Sign language comprehension by deaf participants was quite acceptable but not as good as that by hearing signers who, unlike deaf participants, were not only late learners of sign language as a second language but had also learned it through formal training.

Effects of stressor characteristics on early warning signs of critical transitions and "critical coupling" in complex dynamical systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Blume, Steffen O P; Sansavini, Giovanni

2017-12-01

Complex dynamical systems face abrupt transitions into unstable and catastrophic regimes. These critical transitions are triggered by gradual modifications in stressors, which push the dynamical system towards unstable regimes. Bifurcation analysis can characterize such critical thresholds, beyond which systems become unstable. Moreover, the stochasticity of the external stressors causes small-scale fluctuations in the system response. In some systems, the decomposition of these signal fluctuations into precursor signals can reveal early warning signs prior to the critical transition. Here, we present a dynamical analysis of a power system subjected to an increasing load level and small-scale stochastic load perturbations. We show that the auto- and cross-correlations of bus voltage magnitudes increase, leading up to a Hopf bifurcation point, and further grow until the system collapses. This evidences a gradual transition into a state of "critical coupling," which is complementary to the established concept of "critical slowing down." Furthermore, we analyze the effects of the type of load perturbation and load characteristics on early warning signs and find that gradient changes in the autocorrelation provide early warning signs of the imminent critical transition under white-noise but not for auto-correlated load perturbations. Furthermore, the cross-correlation between all voltage magnitude pairs generally increases prior to and beyond the Hopf bifurcation point, indicating "critical coupling," but cannot provide early warning indications. Finally, we show that the established early warning indicators are oblivious to limit-induced bifurcations and, in the case of the power system model considered here, only react to an approaching Hopf bifurcation.

Changing Text: A Social Semiotic Analysis of Textbooks

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jeff Bezemer

2010-12-01

Full Text Available In this paper we provide a multimodal account of historical changes in secondary school textbooks in England and their social significance. Adopting a social semiotic approach to text and text making we review learning resources across core subjects of the English national curriculum, English, Science and Mathematics. Comparing textbooks from the 1930s, 1980s and 2000s, we show that a all modes operating in textbooks -typography, image, writing and layout- contribute to meaning and potential for learning b that the use of these modes has changed between 1930 and now, in ways significant for social relations between and across makers and users of textbooks. Designers and readers / learners now take responsibility for coherence, which was previously the exclusive domain of authors. Where previously reading paths were fixed by makers it may now be left to learners to establish these according to their interests. For users of textbooks the changes in design demand new forms of ‘literacy’; a fluency not only in ‘reading’ writing, image, typography and layout jointly, but in the overall design of learning environments. We place these changes against the backdrop of wider social changes and features of the contemporary media landscape, recognizing a shift from stability, canonicity and vertical power structures to ‘horizontal’, more open, participatory relations in the production of knowledge.

Representation of Muharram Rituals in West Media; Semiotic Analysis of TotallyCoolPix Website’s Photos of Muharam and Ashura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Majid Movahed Majd

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Protecting and upholding the ideology of media authorities, photo can be considered a tool for communication and meaning-making. Also the social-artistic activities of photograpy paly a significant role in communication as any other media does. The representation theory excessively concerned with media analysis. It should be noted that semiotic method gives the ability to examine hidden layers of media contents such as picture. Based on The representation theory and semiotics techniques, this paper involves in analyzing photography which represented in TotallyCoolPix Website with Theme of Muharam and Ashura (the 10th day of Muharram in the Islamic calendar.  The outcomes of this analysis reveal that these photos represent Islam and Muslims as “other”, and also including a kind of deviation from the true Muharram rituals among Muslims. This set of pictures can be characterized by some features such as violence, masculinity, passive role of women in religious customs, cohesiveness and collective strength, which are become prevalent in Muslim communities. What is more, traditional Shiite symbols hinged upon these features and themes in these pictures. Overall, the concepts obtained from these pictures analysis illustrate that they are brimmed with violence which pave the way for more Islam- phobia in countries in the Occident.

Headaches - danger signs

Science.gov (United States)

Migraine headache - danger signs; Tension headache - danger signs; Cluster headache - danger signs; Vascular headache - danger signs ... and other head pain. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine . 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: ...

Sign language typology: The contribution of rural sign languages

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Vos, C.; Pfau, R.

2015-01-01

Since the 1990s, the field of sign language typology has shown that sign languages exhibit typological variation at all relevant levels of linguistic description. These initial typological comparisons were heavily skewed toward the urban sign languages of developed countries, mostly in the Western

‘GETTING’ THE POX

Science.gov (United States)

Stein, Claudia

2015-01-01

This article reflects upon the recent return to linear history writing in medical history. It takes as its starting point a critique of the current return to constructivist ideas, suggesting the use of other methodological choices and interpretations to the surviving archival and textural sources of the sixteenth century pox. My investigation analyses the diagnostic act as an effort to bring together a study of medical semiotics. Medical semiotics considers how signs speak through the physical body, coached within a particular epistemology. There are no hidden meanings behind the visible sign or symptom - it is tranparent to the calculative and authoritative gaze and language of the doctor. It concerns how diseases came into being, the relationships they have constituted, the power they have secured and the actual knowledge/power they have eclipsed or are eclipsing. From such a perspective, “getting the pox” is not a bad thing. A methodological turn to medical semiotics reminds us that the history of disease should be an inquiry both into the grounds of our current knowledge and beliefs about disease and how they inspire our writing, as well as the analytical categories that establish their inevitability. PMID:26345376

'GETTING' THE POX: Reflections by an Historian on How to Write the History of Early Modern Disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Stein, Claudia

This article reflects upon the recent return to linear history writing in medical history. It takes as its starting point a critique of the current return to constructivist ideas, suggesting the use of other methodological choices and interpretations to the surviving archival and textural sources of the sixteenth century pox. My investigation analyses the diagnostic act as an effort to bring together a study of medical semiotics. Medical semiotics considers how signs speak through the physical body, coached within a particular epistemology. There are no hidden meanings behind the visible sign or symptom - it is tranparent to the calculative and authoritative gaze and language of the doctor. It concerns how diseases came into being, the relationships they have constituted, the power they have secured and the actual knowledge/power they have eclipsed or are eclipsing. From such a perspective, "getting the pox" is not a bad thing. A methodological turn to medical semiotics reminds us that the history of disease should be an inquiry both into the grounds of our current knowledge and beliefs about disease and how they inspire our writing, as well as the analytical categories that establish their inevitability.

‘Getting’ the Pox: Reflections by an Historian on How to Write the History of Early Modern Disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia Stein

2014-06-01

Full Text Available This article reflects upon the recent return to linear history writing in medical history. It takes as its starting point a critique of the current return to constructivist ideas, suggesting the use of other methodological choices and interpretations to the surviving archival and textural sources of the sixteenth century pox. My investigation analyses the diagnostic act as an effort to bring together a study of medical semiotics. Medical semiotics considers how signs speak through the physical body, coached within a particular epistemology. There are no hidden meanings behind the visible sign or symptom - it is tranparent to the calculative and authoritative gaze and language of the doctor. It concerns how diseases came into being, the relationships they have constituted, the power they have secured and the actual knowledge/power they have eclipsed or are eclipsing. From such a perspective, “getting the pox” is not a bad thing. A methodological turn to medical semiotics reminds us that the history of disease should be an inquiry both into the grounds of our current knowledge and beliefs about disease and how they inspire our writing, as well as the analytical categories that establish their inevitability.

Every document and picture tells a story: using internal corporate document reviews, semiotics, and content analysis to assess tobacco advertising.

Science.gov (United States)

Anderson, S J; Dewhirst, T; Ling, P M

2006-06-01

In this article we present communication theory as a conceptual framework for conducting documents research on tobacco advertising strategies, and we discuss two methods for analysing advertisements: semiotics and content analysis. We provide concrete examples of how we have used tobacco industry documents archives and tobacco advertisement collections iteratively in our research to yield a synergistic analysis of these two complementary data sources. Tobacco promotion researchers should consider adopting these theoretical and methodological approaches.

Pemaknaan Filsafati Kearifan Lokal untuk Adaptasi Masyarakat terhadap Ancaman Bencana Marin dan Fluvial di Lingkungan Kepesisiran

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S Sunarto

2011-07-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this research was to study the philosophical meaning of local wisdom that developed in the communities in the coastal environment, particularly in the eastern coast of Central Java. The method used for this philosophical meaning using the approach of geomorphological hermeneutics and disaster semiotics. The results of this research indicate that identified local wisdom in the form of cultural semiotics and faunal semiotics to anticipate the hazards of climate change as marine hazard and fluvial hazard. Cultural semiotics found in the form of advice that still need to be interpreted with a geomorphological hermeneutics approach order to use it to adapt to the coastal environment against marine hazard. The cultural semiotics has a geomorphological philosophical meaning as natural cycle that leads to dynamic equilibrium, not the philosophical meaning that leads to the view of anthropocentrism. In addition, also found cultural semiotics of “Dina Rèntèng” based on the philosophical views of ecocentrism. The cultural semiotics is used in society to adapt to the fluvial hazard. Faunal semiotics found in the form of anomalous crab behavior as a form of adaptation due to its response to environmental condition. The faunal semiotics has been used as a guide for the community to adapt to the fluvial hazard. Because of the local wisdom is loaded with philosophical meaning, it can be metatourism assets, so it can convert harm into benefit.

The Narrative Function of Signs in Rabe’e Tale of Attar’s Elahi Nameh

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

a رضی

2013-05-01

Using the descriptive-analytical method, this article aims to analyze semiotically the tale of “Ka’b daughter and her love and poem”. This tale, which has a direct relationship with the general narrative structure of Elahi Nameh regarding structure and meaning, shows that plot progression in this tale is done via opposition and tension in the elements of two codes of power and love that is, being within the two codes, each element accepts narratively and linguistically a form and meaning which is proportionate to that code and the processing of tale’s narrative elements takes place via such oppositions. Regarding this matter and the point that such tale has been stated within the overall mystical narrative of Elahi Nameh, it can be said that all signs in this tale become meaningful structurally in a process of substitution within a wider system named mysticism. These are the rules and conventions of mysticism which affect the formation of narrative.

A map of representations of Use / s User / s of illegal drugs from semiotics Statements

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Palazzolo

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to describe, implement and evaluate the scope of the analytical method known as Statements Semiotics for the analysis of social representations, from interviews with actors involved in the phenomenon of illegal drugs. This time it made possible to establish a first conceptual map of how different actors (lawmakers, social activists, drug users and ex drug users, state workers on addictions, members of civil organizations define use and users of illegal drugs, being identified two discursive formations that are in tension. Also shows clearly some tensions within each discursive formation, as well as correlations between the two formations, and contradictions or opacities in the discourse of the actors

A Semiotic Analysis of the Gender Equality Paradigm. Case study: the Gender Pay Gap Campaign

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mădălina Manolache

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Within the new European space of identity, attitude and action challenges, syntagms such as “unity in diversity” or “equal pay for work of equal value” have become identitarian brands for social groups with a high-level of self-awareness. Having the social semiotics (Kress, van Leeuwen [1996] 2006 as theoretical background, we focused our analysis on the gender equality paradigm. The empirical data were provided by four visual texts of the Gender Pay Gap campaign, initiated by the European Commission in March 2009, in order to map the new European “puzzle-space” . The analysis showed the importance of compositional, representational and interactive meanings within the European discourse on equality of chances and gender.

Quantitative molecular viral loads in 7 horses with naturally occurring equine herpesvirus-1 infection.

Science.gov (United States)

Estell, K E; Dawson, D R; Magdesian, K G; Swain, E; Laing, S T; Siso, S; Mapes, S; Pusterla, N

2015-11-01

Data associating quantitative viral load with severity, clinical signs and survival in equine herpesvirus-1 myeloencephalopathy (EHM) have not been reported. To report the clinical signs, treatment, and temporal progression of viral loads in 7 horses with naturally occurring EHM and to examine the association of these factors with survival. Retrospective case series. The population included 7 horses with EHM presented to the University of California, Davis William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital from May to September 2011. Horses were graded using a neurological grading scale. Daily quantitative PCR was performed on nasal secretions and whole blood. Treatment, survival, outcome and histopathology were reported. At presentation, one horse was neurological grade 5/5, 3 were grade 4/5 and 3 were grade 3/5. All were treated with anti-inflammatory drugs, valacyclovir and management in a sling if necessary. All were infected with equine herpesvirus-1 of DNA polymerase D752 genotype. Peak viral load in nasal secretions and blood of 5 survivors ranged from 6.9 × 10(3) to 2.81 × 10(5) (median 5.11 × 10(4) ) and from 143 to 4340 gB gene copies/million eukaryotic cells (median 3146), respectively. The 2 nonsurvivors presented with grade 3/5 neurological signs and progressed to encephalopathy. Peak viral load was higher in nonsurvivors, with levels in nasal secretions of 1.9 × 10(9) and 2.2 × 10(9) and in blood of 2.05 × 10(4) and 1.02 × 10(5) gB gene copies/million eukaryotic cells. Case fatality was 2/7. Nonsurvivors had viral loads 1000-fold higher in nasal secretions and 10-fold higher in blood than survivors. There was no relationship between severity of clinical signs at presentation and survival. Thus, encephalopathy and high viral load were negatively associated with survival in this population. Further research should be performed to determine whether high viral loads are associated with encephalopathy and poor prognosis. The Summary is

Why do we need a semiotic understanding of life?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hoffmeyer, Jesper

2013-01-01

experience of agency as an inherent property of life. Biologist of today embraces natural selection theory because it opens the doors for biology to become an exact science. In the same time, however, biology seems unable to get rid of teleological language which implicitly contradicts the non-agency premise......, in other words, the capacity to interpret signs. These signs need not be emitted with a purpose of communication, in fact by far the most signs are not part of a sender-receiver interaction but are simply important cues (internal or external) that organisms use to guide their activities. The chapter...

The External Mind

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

, Extended Mind and Distributed Cognition by Claudio Paolucci pp. 69-96 The Social Horizon of Embodied Language and Material Symbols by Riccardo Fusaroli pp. 97-123 Semiotics and Theories of Situated/Distributed Action and Cognition: a Dialogue and Many Intersections by Tommaso Granelli pp. 125-167 Building......The External Mind: an Introduction by Riccardo Fusaroli, Claudio Paolucci pp. 3-31 The sign of the Hand: Symbolic Practices and the Extended Mind by Massimiliano Cappuccio, Michael Wheeler pp. 33-55 The Overextended Mind by Shaun Gallagher pp. 57-68 The "External Mind": Semiotics, Pragmatism...

Multilingual school starters

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Laursen, Helle Pia

Multilingual school starters: social semiotics perspectives on second language and literacy learning in education Helle Pia Laursen The starting point for this paper is the still increasing role of literacy in educational settings. Often primary education is seen as almost being synonymous...... of globalisation. Furthermore, this perception of literacy entails that the student’s possible insights into other ways of adding signs to language than those we know from a specific version of the Latin alphabet, fall outside the interests of research and teaching. From this perspective and with a social semiotic...

Modality ostenze // Modalities of ostension

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emil Volek

2017-05-01

Full Text Available The essay argues for broader understanding of “ostension”, introduced into semiotics by Ivo Osolsobě and Umberto Eco, in a gamut going from the “ostensive” (biosemiotic language, through “ostensive definition” and showing of an “object” or a “thing” as a part of human communication, to symbolic transformation of something/somebody into a sign of something else. This broader concept permits, then, a subtler view of (theatrical communication, semiotics, semiosis, and the very phenomenon of processes covered by “ostension”.

The semiotic construction of masculinity and affect: A multimodal analysis of media texts

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sônia Maria de Oliveira Pimenta

2013-07-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2013n64p173 The aim of this paper is to observe changes in the semiotic construction of masculine identities as a dynamic flux of social representations mediated by the multimodal aspect of texts (sensory modality, salience, behaviour and point of view.  The study compares previous research data from a magazine article of 2003 and its cover- page to four adverts of the 2005 edition and three recent adverts published in the 2008 edition of the same magazine, so as to perceive how they position readers ideologically in order to (1 detect how masculinity is discursively represented in its heterogeneity connected, ideologically, with power relations, vanity and emotions and (2 define their identities as consumers of goods and services.

Malaysian sign language dataset for automatic sign language ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences. Journal Home · ABOUT ... SL recognition system based on the Malaysian Sign Language (MSL). Implementation results are described. Keywords: sign language; pattern classification; database.

Images in pediatrics: the thymic sail sign and thymic wave sign.

Science.gov (United States)

Alves, Nuno D; Sousa, Marta

2013-01-01

The authors present a radiographic image portraying the "thymic sail sign" and the "thymic wave sign," both normal findings in infant radiographs and present a short description of these signs. These are distinguished from pathologic findings such as the "spinnaker-sail sign" in pneumomediastinum.

How to Produce a Transdisciplinary Information Concept for a Universal Theory of Information?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brier, Søren

2017-01-01

the natural, technical, social and humanistic sciences must be defined as a part of real relational meaningful sign-processes manifesting as tokens. Thus Peirce’s information theory is empirically based in a realistic worldview, which through modern biosemiotics includes all living systems....... concept of information as a difference that makes a difference and in Luhmann’s triple autopoietic communication based system theory, where information is always a part of a message. Charles Sanders Peirce’s pragmaticist semiotics differs from other paradigms in that it integrates logic and information...... in interpretative semiotics. I therefore suggest alternatively building information theories based on semiotics from the basic relations of embodied living systems meaningful cognition and communication. I agree with Peircean biosemiotics that all transdisciplinary information concepts in order to work across...

Semiotics and agents for integrating and navigating through multimedia representations of concepts

Science.gov (United States)

Joyce, Dan W.; Lewis, Paul H.; Tansley, Robert H.; Dobie, Mark R.; Hall, Wendy

1999-12-01

The purpose of this paper is two-fold. We begin by exploring the emerging trend to view multimedia information in terms of low-level and high-level components; the former being feature-based and the latter the 'semantics' intrinsic to what is portrayed by the media object. Traditionally, this has been viewed by employing analogies with generative linguistics. Recently, a new perceptive based on the semiotic tradition has been alluded to in several papers. We believe this to be a more appropriate approach. From this, we propose an approach for tackling this problem which uses an associative data structure expressing authored information together with intelligent agents acting autonomously over this structure. We then show how neural networks can be used to implement such agents. The agents act as 'vehicles' for bridging the gap between multimedia semantics and concrete expressions of high-level knowledge, but we suggest that traditional neural network techniques for classification are not architecturally adequate.

ISLAMIC BEAUTY: Socio-Semiotic Analysis of Facial Foam and Body Lotion Advertisement

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susi Herti Afriani

2012-12-01

Full Text Available This paper attempts to answer how Islamic Women define the concept of beauty in Ponds advertisement white beauty facial foam and body lotion on television. This study uses a socio-semiotic approach described through three aspects of social context, namely field, tenor, and mode. It argues that Ponds’ definition of a beauty only refers to physical standards, that is, women who have white skin and use both Ponds White Beauty Facial Foam and Foam Body Lotion. Further, television through Ponds advertising is considered as a commercial institution that supports the main idea of capitalism. However, Islamic women consider beautiful physically and spiritually. It suggests that the beautiful women are those who obey and surrender to Allah SWT. In short, Islamic women do not agree with the meaning of beauty resulted from Ponds White Beauty Facial Foam and Ponds Body Lotion advertisement. Rather, beauty consists of both body and, more importantly, soul.

Semiotic Analysis of E-Newspapers Interface Views within the Scope of Advertisements

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bahar Dincakman

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Interface of a website is a designed and composed space and it is like a paper to be filled with visual and inscriptive datas. Advertisements on newspapers can reach to readers both by physical and virtual space. As district from traditional techniques, online advertisements realize presentation functions by the fee for taking place on web pages without any paper or print cost. However, with today's revised advertising policy laws, due to enhance of advertising spaces, the main information and images are almost stuck between the advertisements on webpage of e-newspapers. On the web interfaces of e-newspapers, almost half of the page is covered with advertisements without attention of design principles. In this context, with the purpose of arranging web pages more appropriately to the design principles and transferring actual information to the readers with more simple design approach the selected newspapers’ web interfaces will be discussed with semiotics.

On the System of Place Name Signs in Estonian Sign Language

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liina Paales

2011-05-01

Full Text Available A place name sign is a linguistic-cultural marker that includes both memory and landscape. The author regards toponymic signs in Estonian Sign Language as representations of images held by the Estonian Deaf community: they reflect the geographical place, the period, the relationships of the Deaf community with hearing community, and the common and distinguishing features of the two cultures perceived by community's members. Name signs represent an element of signlore, which includes various types of creative linguistic play. There are stories hidden behind the place name signs that reveal the etymological origin of place name signs and reflect the community's memory. The purpose of this article is twofold. Firstly, it aims to introduce Estonian place name signs as Deaf signlore forms, analyse their structure and specify the main formation methods. Secondly, it interprets place-denoting signs in the light of understanding the foundations of Estonian Sign Language, Estonian Deaf education and education history, the traditions of local Deaf communities, and also of the cultural and local traditions of the dominant hearing communities. Both perspectives - linguistic and folkloristic - are represented in the current article.

MAN IN THE “POINTS OF INTENSITY”: GARDEN AS A SPACE OF SELF-IDENTIFICATION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elena Brazgovskaya

2014-10-01

Full Text Available The article deals with the issue of semiotic and cognitive potential of a garden as a compositional form (“Ogrody” by Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz. Silva rerum, florilegia, hortus act as its genre presupposition in European artistic tradition. We define the semiotic potential of a “garden” through the system of symbolic meanings: garden as a collection, locus amoenus, sphere of potentiality or ordering, garden as a memory space, intellectual space, etc. The garden via a compositional form of this text and the space of thought functions as an iconic sign of memory. Each object of the past, being replaced by a sign, receives localization in our memory and becomes a “text”. This allows us “to read” the past in the absence of an immediate reception. Garden acquires the properties of textuality and a semiotic object. Hence Iwaszkiewicz considers six gardens in “Ogrody” as a model of his life. Memory is a nonlinear space. Therefore, transitions between gardens are only arbitrary, associative. At the same time garden as a compositional form becomes the cognitive tool of identity. Topology of this memory space (configuration of people, books, music, which become signs is the cognitive map of the “self (selfhood, selfness. The self-referent structures create the illusion: I (the one who writes is combined with that person from the past (also I, which he recalls. Nonetheless, all narratives about selfhood are only “the map, but not a territory” (A. Korzybski.

Eksplorasi Visual Diri dalam Desain Karakter

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Devi Kurniawati Homan

2014-10-01

Full Text Available In a visual communication, the main thing is a communication which can solve the existing problems, not just as something beautiful to look at and considered. The most important part in designing visual communication when the communication is correct, attractive and persuasive. Semiotic understanding becomes important to study in the early stages of designing a visual communication that is intended to improve the effectiveness of communication. Semiotic itself is the study of the meaning of a sign in a particular context. To more easily understand the meaning of the sign, then the practice of visual meaning in the form of character design is made. This study was conducted to make students understanding of the meaning of a sign in a particular context through self-exploration. With the relation between the object being studied by each individual then a design experience will arise. This experience will create a more meaningful and in-depth exploration to students in the understanding of their studies about the meaning of a sign in a particular context. This study is used the method of visual exploration strategy that is commonly used by designers to convey the idea. 

Age transcended: a semiotic and rhetorical analysis of the discourse of agelessness in North American anti-aging skin care advertisements.

Science.gov (United States)

Ellison, Kirsten L

2014-04-01

Drawing from a collection of over 160 North American print advertisements for anti-aging skin care products from January to December of 2009, this paper examines the discourse of agelessness, a vision of esthetic perfection and optimal health that is continually referred to by gerontologists, cultural theorists, and scientific researchers as a state of being to which humankind can aspire. Employing critical discourse analysis through the use of semiotics and visual rhetoric, this paper explores the means through which anti-aging skin care advertisements present to their viewers a particular object of desire, looking, more specifically, at how agelessness is presented as a way out and ultimate transcendence of age. Through the analytical tools of semiotics and visual rhetoric, four visions of agelessness are identified and explored in this paper: Agelessness as Scientific Purity, Agelessness as Genetic Impulse, Agelessness as Nature's Essence, and Agelessness as Myth. Whether found in the heights of scientific purity, the inner core of our genetic impulse, the depths of nature's essence, or whether agelessness itself has reached its own, untouchable, mythic status, the advertisements in this study represent one of the most pervasive vehicles through which our current vision(s) of ageless perfection are reflected, reinforced, and suspended in a drop of cream. Copyright © 2013 The Author. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

LSE-Sign: A lexical database for Spanish Sign Language.

Science.gov (United States)

Gutierrez-Sigut, Eva; Costello, Brendan; Baus, Cristina; Carreiras, Manuel

2016-03-01

The LSE-Sign database is a free online tool for selecting Spanish Sign Language stimulus materials to be used in experiments. It contains 2,400 individual signs taken from a recent standardized LSE dictionary, and a further 2,700 related nonsigns. Each entry is coded for a wide range of grammatical, phonological, and articulatory information, including handshape, location, movement, and non-manual elements. The database is accessible via a graphically based search facility which is highly flexible both in terms of the search options available and the way the results are displayed. LSE-Sign is available at the following website: http://www.bcbl.eu/databases/lse/.

Sign language perception research for improving automatic sign language recognition

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ten Holt, G.A.; Arendsen, J.; De Ridder, H.; Van Doorn, A.J.; Reinders, M.J.T.; Hendriks, E.A.

2009-01-01

Current automatic sign language recognition (ASLR) seldom uses perceptual knowledge about the recognition of sign language. Using such knowledge can improve ASLR because it can give an indication which elements or phases of a sign are important for its meaning. Also, the current generation of

[Department of the molecular bases of semiotics].

Science.gov (United States)

Ternovyĭ, K S

1995-01-01

Department of molecular basis of semiotics was organized in 1986. The main task of the department was to work out new approaches in estimation of the state of immune and blood system at the tissue, cell and molecular levels, using biochemical, biophysical and molecular biology techniques. There are several main directions of scientific investigations at the department. Most informational methods were collected in "immunological portrait" for differential diagnostic and complex investigation of the immune system of autoimmune patients. This group of techniques was used to study changes in the immune system of Kievites after the Chernobyl disaster. A decrease of complement and thymic serum activity was detected. Antibodies against nuclear components appeared in 20% of donors. And a higher of circulating immune complex of low molecular weight was observed. Low level of thymic serum activity in blood of autoimmune patients with rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, diabetes, herpes and other depends on the appearance of zinc-independent timuline inhibitor less then 2000 D. Another kind of thymic hormone inhibitors was detected in thymectomized adult mice. Its effect disappears when zinc added in blood rather due to competition for lymphocyte surface receptors timuline and its inactive analogue than other mechanism. Therapeutic effect of UV irradiation of patients' blood was shown to be closely connected with the changes in thymic serum activity in respect to stabilization of thymic hormone/inhibitor ratio. The immunochemical techniques were used to detect and investigate tumor-associated chromatin antigens in human and animal tumor cells. Antigens not found in normal tissues were detected when using rabbit antibodies against chromatin of rat hepatocarcinoma and human colon and carcinoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

SENSE AND REALITY IN INDIGENOUS MYTHS: A SEMIOTIC EXAMINATION OF NARRATIVES ABOUT THE ACQUISITION OF FIRE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Clebson Luiz de Brito

2013-06-01

Full Text Available This article presents an analysis, under the light of French semiotics, of two myths of Brazilian Indian tribes that take care of the acquisition of the fire. The aim is to demonstrate that the texts examined are coherent as a whole and that certain elements, often taken as evidence of discursive chaos, such as the presence of animals with the semantic trace /human/, are also part of that. The analysis reveals that in both texts the conquest of the fire sets a figurativization of a process of normalization of the reality that explains the cultural elevation of the man/Indian in relation to beings confined to the sphere of the nature.

The Semiotics of Learning New Words

Science.gov (United States)

Nöth, Winfried

2014-01-01

In several of his papers, Charles S. Peirce illustrates processes of interpreting and understanding signs by examples from second language vocabulary teaching and learning. The insights conveyed by means of these little pedagogical scenarios are not meant as contributions to the psychology of second language learning, but they aim at elucidating…

'Felson Signs' revisited

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

George, Phiji P.; Irodi, Aparna; Keshava, Shyamkumar N.; Lamont, Anthony C.

2014-01-01

In this article we revisit, with the help of images, those classic signs in chest radiography described by Dr Benjamin Felson himself, or other illustrious radiologists of his time, cited and discussed in 'Chest Roentgenology'. We briefly describe the causes of the signs, their utility and the differential diagnosis to be considered when each sign is seen. Wherever possible, we use CT images to illustrate the basis of some of these classic radiographic signs.

凝結表現の共示義を用いた映像テクストの解釈について

OpenAIRE

田中, 敦; Tanaka, Atsushi

2012-01-01

This paper analyses the semiotic way of interpreting visual texts vis-à-vis knowledge of certain linguistic forms, which are called set expressions, as a schema. Whereas a receiver of a sign decodes it according to the “code” and understands the purpose of a sender, in the sign structure where the code is flexible in some degree, the function of the signification through which a receiver actively interprets a sign is considered more meaningful. Yet, the arbitrary interpretation of a receiver ...

sign-by-sign'' correlation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schmidt, Sabine; Lepori, Domenico; Meuwly, Jean-Yves; Duvoisin, Bertrand; Meuli, Reto; Schnyder, Pierre; Denys, Alban; Michetti, Pierre; Felley, Christian; Melle, Guy van

2003-01-01

Our objective was a prospective comparison of MR enteroclysis (MRE) with multidetector spiral-CT enteroclysis (MSCTE). Fifty patients with various suspected small bowel diseases were investigated by MSCTE and MRE. The MSCTE was performed using slices of 2.5 mm, immediately followed by MRE, obtaining T1- and T2-weighted sequences, including gadolinium-enhanced acquisition with fat saturation. Three radiologists independently evaluated MSCTE and MRE searching for 12 pathological signs. Interobserver agreement was calculated. Sensitivities and specificities resulted from comparison with pathological results (n=29) and patient's clinical evolution (n=21). Most pathological signs, such as bowel wall thickening (BWT), bowel wall enhancement (BWE) and lymphadenopathy (ADP), showed better interobserver agreement on MSCTE than on MRE (BWT: 0.65 vs 0.48; BWE: 0.51 vs 0.37; ADP: 0.52 vs 0.15). Sensitivity of MSCTE was higher than that of MRE in detecting BWT (88.9 vs 60%), BWE (78.6 vs 55.5%) and ADP (63.8 vs 14.3%). Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed significantly better sensitivity of MSCTE than that of MRE for each observer (p=0.028, p=0.046, p=0.028, respectively). Taking the given study design into account, MSCTE provides better sensitivity in detecting lesions of the small bowel than MRE, with higher interobserver agreement. (orig.)

Performance of a 2-megawatt high voltage test load

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horan, D.; Kustom, R.; Ferguson, M.

1995-01-01

A high-power, water-cooled resistive load which simulates the electrical load characteristics of a high-power klystron, capable of 2 megawatts dissipation at 95 kV DC, was built and installed at the Advanced Photon Source for use in load-testing high voltage power supplies. During this testing, the test load has logged approximately 35 hours of operation at power levels in excess of one mezawatt. Slight variations in the resistance of the load during operation indicate that leakage currents in the cooling water may be a significant factor affecting the performance of the load. Sufficient performance data have been collected to indicate that leakage current through the deionized (DI) water coolant shunts roughly 15 percent of the full-load current around the load resistor elements. The leakage current could cause deterioration of internal components of the load. The load pressure vessel was disassembled and inspected internally for any signs of significant wear and distress. Results of this inspection and possible modifications for improved performance will be discussed

Full-scale load tests of Pearl-Chain arches

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Halding, Philip Skov; Hertz, Kristian Dahl; Schmidt, Jacob Wittrup

2017-01-01

-Decks: First an investigation of the system’s elastic response (maximum load of 648kN), and second a demonstration of its collapse mechanism and ultimate capacity (maximum load of 970kN). The full-scale test showed formation of plastic hinges and clear warning signs are observed at 84% of the failure load......A full-scale load test is made of two Pearl-Chain (PC) concrete arches in order to evaluate the structural response and assess the design safety. Pearl-Chain structures and Pearl-Chain arches are invented and patented at the Technical University of Denmark. PC-Arches consist of specially designed....... The ultimate, experimental load capacity is 14% higher than the calculated mainly due to the assumed static system used for the calculation. In addition to the full-scale test bridge the first ever permanent PC-Bridge is erected in Denmark in 2015....

Mobexpert - Reprezentări Semiotice ale unui Stil de Viaţă

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Camelia-Mihaela Cmeciu

2009-07-01

Full Text Available The lack of space triggers, in postmodernism, the creativity of the furniture designers. The tendency of abundance and of filling the traditional space with ancient objects is replaced with a certain fluidity of some simple structures which will turn into an indexical sign of a certain life style. Having as theoretical background the semiotic framework of Jean-Marie Floch ([1995] 2000, Jean Baudrillard ([1968] 1996 and the representatives of the Groupe μ (1992, the aim of this paper is to analyse the four semiotic valorizations on which an advertisement of Mobexpert is structured.

Load test of the 3701U Building roof deck and support structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McCoy, R.M.

1994-01-01

The 3701U Building roof area was load tested according to the approved load-test procedure. The 3701U Building is located in the 300 Area of the Hanford Site and has the following characteristics: Roof deck--metal decking supported by steel purlins; Roof membrane--tar and gravel; Roof slope--flat (<10 deg); and Roof elevation--height of about 12.5 ft. The 3701U Building was visited in August 1992 for a visual inspection, but because of insulation an inspection could not be performed. The building was revisited in March 1994 for the purpose of writing this test report. Because the roof could not be inspected, a test was determined to be the best way to qualify the roof for personnel access. The test procedure called for the use of a remotely-controlled robot. The conclusions are that the roof has been qualified for 500-lb total roof load and that the ''No Roof Access'' signs can be changed to ''Roof Access Restricted'' signs

The Design Space of Information Presentation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

May, Michael; Petersen, Johannes

2007-01-01

A semiotic approach to the design space of information presentation is presented in which Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is used to represent and explore attributes of abstract sign types and the media (graphical, haptic, acoustic, gestic) through which they are presented as specific...

Semiotics Of Shape Of Block Notation As Icon Of Planetary Orbit

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ketut Sumerjana

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Block notation has a specific shape; however, its existence and the function of its shape are not recognized and are made to be intangible by its function as a symbol of tapping sound. In general, the basic shape of the block notation looks like an ellipse and is similar to the planetary orbit. Therefore, this present study focuses on the ellipse-shaped block notation as the icon of the planetary orbit. The phenomenological qualitative method was employed to interpret the meaning of the basic shape of the block notation as the icon of planetary orbit. The data were collected through guided interview and library research. The data were analyzed using the semiotic process, meaning that in the first phase the text was analyzed based on the shape structure and in the second phase the text was heuristically analyzed. The result of the study shows that the ellipse-shaped block notation is the planetary orbit whose function changes from the manifest function into the latent one, resulting from the function as the tapping sound value. Keywords: form, notation, icon, orbit, planet

Sign Inference for Dynamic Signed Networks via Dictionary Learning

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yi Cen

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Mobile online social network (mOSN is a burgeoning research area. However, most existing works referring to mOSNs deal with static network structures and simply encode whether relationships among entities exist or not. In contrast, relationships in signed mOSNs can be positive or negative and may be changed with time and locations. Applying certain global characteristics of social balance, in this paper, we aim to infer the unknown relationships in dynamic signed mOSNs and formulate this sign inference problem as a low-rank matrix estimation problem. Specifically, motivated by the Singular Value Thresholding (SVT algorithm, a compact dictionary is selected from the observed dataset. Based on this compact dictionary, the relationships in the dynamic signed mOSNs are estimated via solving the formulated problem. Furthermore, the estimation accuracy is improved by employing a dictionary self-updating mechanism.

Left ventricular twist is load-dependent as shown in a large animal model with controlled cardiac load

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A’roch Roman

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Left ventricular rotation and twist can be assessed noninvasively by speckle tracking echocardiography. We sought to characterize the effects of acute load change and change in inotropic state on rotation parameters as a measure of left ventricular (LV contractility. Methods Seven anesthetised juvenile pigs were studied, using direct measurement of left ventricular pressure and volume and simultaneous transthoracic echocardiography. Transient inflation of an inferior vena cava balloon (IVCB catheter produced controlled load reduction. First and last beats in the sequence of eight were analysed with speckle tracking (STE during the load alteration and analysed for change in rotation/twist during controlled load alteration at same contractile status. Two pharmacological inotropic interventions were also included to examine the same hypothesis in additionally conditions of increased and decreased myocardial contractility in each animal. Paired comparisons were made for different load states using the Wilcoxon’s Signed Rank test. Results The inferior vena cava balloon occlusion (IVCBO load change compared for first to last beat resulted in LV twist increase (11.67° ±2.65° vs. 16.17° ±3.56° respectively, p  Conclusions Peak systolic LV twist and peak early diastolic untwisting rate are load dependent. Differences in LV load should be included in the interpretation when serial measures of twist are compared.

Awareness of Deaf Sign Language and Gang Signs.

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, Cynthia; Morgan, Robert L.

There have been increasing incidents of innocent people who use American Sign Language (ASL) or another form of sign language being victimized by gang violence due to misinterpretation of ASL hand formations. ASL is familiar to learners with a variety of disabilities, particularly those in the deaf community. The problem is that gang members have…

Automatic sign language recognition inspired by human sign perception

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ten Holt, G.A.

2010-01-01

Automatic sign language recognition is a relatively new field of research (since ca. 1990). Its objectives are to automatically analyze sign language utterances. There are several issues within the research area that merit investigation: how to capture the utterances (cameras, magnetic sensors,

Inuit Sign Language: a contribution to sign language typology

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schuit, J.; Baker, A.; Pfau, R.

2011-01-01

Sign language typology is a fairly new research field and typological classifications have yet to be established. For spoken languages, these classifications are generally based on typological parameters; it would thus be desirable to establish these for sign languages. In this paper, different

Eye gaze during comprehension of American Sign Language by native and beginning signers.

Science.gov (United States)

Emmorey, Karen; Thompson, Robin; Colvin, Rachael

2009-01-01

An eye-tracking experiment investigated where deaf native signers (N = 9) and hearing beginning signers (N = 10) look while comprehending a short narrative and a spatial description in American Sign Language produced live by a fluent signer. Both groups fixated primarily on the signer's face (more than 80% of the time) but differed with respect to fixation location. Beginning signers fixated on or near the signer's mouth, perhaps to better perceive English mouthing, whereas native signers tended to fixate on or near the eyes. Beginning signers shifted gaze away from the signer's face more frequently than native signers, but the pattern of gaze shifts was similar for both groups. When a shift in gaze occurred, the sign narrator was almost always looking at his or her hands and was most often producing a classifier construction. We conclude that joint visual attention and attention to mouthing (for beginning signers), rather than linguistic complexity or processing load, affect gaze fixation patterns during sign language comprehension.

Objectifying the adjacent and opposite angles: a cultural historical analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Daher, Wajeeh; Musallam, Nadera

2018-02-01

The angle topic is central to the development of geometric knowledge. Two of the basic concepts associated with this topic are the adjacent and opposite angles. It is the goal of the present study to analyze, based on the cultural historical semiotics framework, how high-achieving seventh grade students objectify the adjacent and opposite angles' concepts. We videoed the learning of a group of three high-achieving students who used technology, specifically GeoGebra, to explore geometric relations related to the adjacent and opposite angles' concepts. To analyze students' objectification of these concepts, we used the categories of objectification of knowledge (attention and awareness) and the categories of generalization (factual, contextual and symbolic), developed by Radford. The research results indicate that teacher's and students' verbal and visual signs, together with the software dynamic tools, mediated the students' objectification of the adjacent and opposite angles' concepts. Specifically, eye and gestures perceiving were part of the semiosis cycles in which the participating students were engaged and which related to the mathematical signs that signified the adjacent and the opposite angles. Moreover, the teacher's suggestions/requests/questions included/suggested semiotic signs/tools, including verbal signs that helped the students pay attention, be aware of and objectify the adjacent and opposite angles' concepts.

Toward the Ideal Signing Avatar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nicoletta Adamo-Villani

2016-06-01

Full Text Available The paper discusses ongoing research on the effects of a signing avatar's modeling/rendering features on the perception of sign language animation. It reports a recent study that aimed to determine whether a character's visual style has an effect on how signing animated characters are perceived by viewers. The stimuli of the study were two polygonal characters presenting two different visual styles: stylized and realistic. Each character signed four sentences. Forty-seven participants with experience in American Sign Language (ASL viewed the animated signing clips in random order via web survey. They (1 identified the signed sentences (if recognizable, (2 rated their legibility, and (3 rated the appeal of the signing avatar. Findings show that while character's visual style does not have an effect on subjects' perceived legibility of the signs and sign recognition, it has an effect on subjects' interest in the character. The stylized signing avatar was perceived as more appealing than the realistic one.

Significance of satellite sign and spot sign in predicting hematoma expansion in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Zhiyuan; Zheng, Jun; Ali, Hasan; Guo, Rui; Li, Mou; Wang, Xiaoze; Ma, Lu; Li, Hao; You, Chao

2017-11-01

Hematoma expansion is related to poor outcome in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Recently, a non-enhanced computed tomography (CT) based finding, termed the 'satellite sign', was reported to be a novel predictor for poor outcome in spontaneous ICH. However, it is still unclear whether the presence of the satellite sign is related to hematoma expansion. Initial computed tomography angiography (CTA) was conducted within 6h after ictus. Satellite sign on non-enhanced CT and spot sign on CTA were detected by two independent reviewers. The sensitivity and specificity of both satellite sign and spot sign were calculated. Receiver-operator analysis was conducted to evaluate their predictive accuracy for hematoma expansion. This study included 153 patients. Satellite sign was detected in 58 (37.91%) patients and spot sign was detected in 38 (24.84%) patients. Among 37 patients with hematoma expansion, 22 (59.46%) had satellite sign and 23 (62.16%) had spot sign. The sensitivity and specificity of satellite sign for prediction of hematoma expansion were 59.46% and 68.97%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of spot sign were 62.16% and 87.07%, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of satellite sign was 0.642 and the AUC of spot sign was 0.746. (P=0.157) CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the satellite sign is an independent predictor for hematoma expansion in spontaneous ICH. Although spot sign has the higher predictive accuracy, satellite sign is still an acceptable predictor for hematoma expansion when CTA is unavailable. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Computational triadic algebras of signs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zadrozny, W. [T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY (United States)

1996-12-31

We present a finite model of Peirce`s ten classes of signs. We briefly describe Peirce`s taxonomy of signs; we prove that any finite collection of signs can be extended to a finite algebra of signs in which all interpretants are themselves being interpreted; and we argue that Peirce`s ten classes of signs can be defined using constraints on algebras of signs. The paper opens the possibility of defining multimodal cognitive agents using Peirce`s classes of signs, and is a first step towards building a computational logic of signs based on Peirce`s taxonomies.

Gesture, sign, and language: The coming of age of sign language and gesture studies.

Science.gov (United States)

Goldin-Meadow, Susan; Brentari, Diane

2017-01-01

How does sign language compare with gesture, on the one hand, and spoken language on the other? Sign was once viewed as nothing more than a system of pictorial gestures without linguistic structure. More recently, researchers have argued that sign is no different from spoken language, with all of the same linguistic structures. The pendulum is currently swinging back toward the view that sign is gestural, or at least has gestural components. The goal of this review is to elucidate the relationships among sign language, gesture, and spoken language. We do so by taking a close look not only at how sign has been studied over the past 50 years, but also at how the spontaneous gestures that accompany speech have been studied. We conclude that signers gesture just as speakers do. Both produce imagistic gestures along with more categorical signs or words. Because at present it is difficult to tell where sign stops and gesture begins, we suggest that sign should not be compared with speech alone but should be compared with speech-plus-gesture. Although it might be easier (and, in some cases, preferable) to blur the distinction between sign and gesture, we argue that distinguishing between sign (or speech) and gesture is essential to predict certain types of learning and allows us to understand the conditions under which gesture takes on properties of sign, and speech takes on properties of gesture. We end by calling for new technology that may help us better calibrate the borders between sign and gesture.

SIGNS The sandwich sign

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The sandwich sign is demonstrated on cross-sectional imaging, commonly on CT or ultrasound. It refers to homogeneous soft- tissue masses representing mesenteric lymphadenopathy as the two halves of a sandwich bun, encasing the mesenteric fat and tubular mesenteric vessels that constitute the 'sandwich filling' (Figs ...

Signed Language Working Memory Capacity of Signed Language Interpreters and Deaf Signers

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Jihong; Napier, Jemina

2013-01-01

This study investigated the effects of hearing status and age of signed language acquisition on signed language working memory capacity. Professional Auslan (Australian sign language)/English interpreters (hearing native signers and hearing nonnative signers) and deaf Auslan signers (deaf native signers and deaf nonnative signers) completed an…

Information structure in Russian Sign Language and Sign Language of the Netherlands

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kimmelman, V.

2014-01-01

This dissertation explores Information Structure in two sign languages: Sign Language of the Netherlands and Russian Sign Language. Based on corpus data and elicitation tasks we show how topic and focus are expressed in these languages. In particular, we show that topics can be marked syntactically

Warning Signs of Bullying

Science.gov (United States)

... of Aggressive Behavior Print Share Warning Signs for Bullying There are many warning signs that may indicate ... Get help right away . Signs a Child is Bullying Others Kids may be bullying others if they: ...

CITY DESIGN : THE NEED FOR A SPATIAL IDENTITY AND THE ROLE OF PUBLIC ART. A SEMIOTIC APPROACH. PIPILOTTI RIST AND BILL VIOLA IN VENICE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Verena Lenna

2008-10-01

Full Text Available As far as the construction of a community’s identity and territory is concerned, the question about the usefulness of a project of public art is a priority in any kind of initiative. Especially when the public dimension makes the intervention subject to ideological manipulations. It is necessary to establish if the potentialities of the work of art are worthy of the risk of its exploitation. I’ll try to answer to this question on one hand stressing the importance of the spatial support in the construction of new territorial identities. On the other hand I’ll specify the ways in which the artistic device can help this process. I ‘m proposing semiotics as an instrument of control: the reason lays in the communicational value of the artistic project and in its cognitive role in terms of image. The power of image is in its figurative features, but also in the ability of continuously establishing webs of relations, possibly subject to manipulation. Semiotics contributes with the description of values underlay to a specific artistic project, as a deep founding level of its conception: at the same time, itenables us with the possibility to control those meaning distortions which can transform the artistic project in a disaggregating factor.

[Computed tomographic semiotics of respiratory tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients].

Science.gov (United States)

Gavrilov, P V; Lazareva, A S; Malashenkov, E A

2013-01-01

to study the computed tomographic (CT) semiotics of respiratory tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients in relation to the degree of immunosuppression. The study enrolled 74 patients with verified respiratory tuberculosis in the presence of HIV infection. According to the degree of immunosuppression and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention classification (Atlanta, USA, 1993), the patients were divided into 3 groups: (1) CD4 > or = 500 cells/microl (n = 10); 2) CD4 200-499 cells/microl (n = 28); (3) CD4 <200 cells/microl (n = 36). With spiral CT, focal changes with a predominance of clear-cut foci are visualized at a high frequency in the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the presence of HIV infection. In progressive immunosuppression, the CT pattern displays atypical syndromes (frosted glass-type foci, interstitial infiltration, and thin-walled cavities) with the lower rate of alveolar infiltration with confluent foci, as well as lung tissue decay. Enlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes are characteristic of 70.0% of the patients with HIV infection and tuberculosis regardless of the level of CD4 cells. As immunosuppression progresses, the CT pattern of respiratory tuberculosis in the presence of HIV infection shows as atypical syndromes (unclearly defined frosted glass-type focal changes, interstitial infiltrations, and thin-walled cavernous masses). A marked polymorphism in changes and a high rate of lymph node involvement are characteristic.

The Danish Sign Language Dictionary

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kristoffersen, Jette Hedegaard; Troelsgård, Thomas

2010-01-01

The entries of the The Danish Sign Language Dictionary have four sections:  Entry header: In this section the sign headword is shown as a photo and a gloss. The first occurring location and handshape of the sign are shown as icons.  Video window: By default the base form of the sign headword...... forms of the sign (only for classifier entries). In addition to this, frequent co-occurrences with the sign are shown in this section. The signs in the The Danish Sign Language Dictionary can be looked up through:  Handshape: Particular handshapes for the active and the passive hand can be specified...... to find signs that are not themselves lemmas in the dictionary, but appear in example sentences.  Topic: Topics can be chosen as search criteria from a list of 70 topics....

Shadows Cast on the Screen?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Sisse Siggaard

cast on the screen. This understanding is questioned with reference to a semiotic understanding of avatars if seen as triadic relationships of sign processes—that is, as something that stands for something for someone. This understanding is exemplified by the case of Thomas and his businessman avatar...

Comprehension of digital media

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Ju Hwan

2008-11-01

This book is divided four parts. The first part describes media and mark on sign and media, what is the sign?, interpretation of sign and semiotics. The second part is for production sign theory and origin of digital revolution such as the problem of origin of digital revolution, homogeneity of producing goods and sign : triple triangle model for production sign theory, triple triangle model for producing goods, triple triangle model of producing sign and triple triangle model of art works. The third parts deals with development of the media and meaning of digital revolution with four changes : invention of letter, appearance of printed media and establishment modernity, appearance electronic media and mess media and appearance of digital media. The last part mentions ontology of world wide web.

Comprehension of digital media

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Ju Hwan

2008-11-15

This book is divided four parts. The first part describes media and mark on sign and media, what is the sign?, interpretation of sign and semiotics. The second part is for production sign theory and origin of digital revolution such as the problem of origin of digital revolution, homogeneity of producing goods and sign : triple triangle model for production sign theory, triple triangle model for producing goods, triple triangle model of producing sign and triple triangle model of art works. The third parts deals with development of the media and meaning of digital revolution with four changes : invention of letter, appearance of printed media and establishment modernity, appearance electronic media and mess media and appearance of digital media. The last part mentions ontology of world wide web.

The Phonetics of Head and Body Movement in the Realization of American Sign Language Signs.

Science.gov (United States)

Tyrone, Martha E; Mauk, Claude E

2016-01-01

Because the primary articulators for sign languages are the hands, sign phonology and phonetics have focused mainly on them and treated other articulators as passive targets. However, there is abundant research on the role of nonmanual articulators in sign language grammar and prosody. The current study examines how hand and head/body movements are coordinated to realize phonetic targets. Kinematic data were collected from 5 deaf American Sign Language (ASL) signers to allow the analysis of movements of the hands, head and body during signing. In particular, we examine how the chin, forehead and torso move during the production of ASL signs at those three phonological locations. Our findings suggest that for signs with a lexical movement toward the head, the forehead and chin move to facilitate convergence with the hand. By comparison, the torso does not move to facilitate convergence with the hand for signs located at the torso. These results imply that the nonmanual articulators serve a phonetic as well as a grammatical or prosodic role in sign languages. Future models of sign phonetics and phonology should take into consideration the movements of the nonmanual articulators in the realization of signs. © 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel.

How Peircean semiotic philosophy connects Western science with Eastern emptiness ontology.

Science.gov (United States)

Brier, Søren

2017-12-01

In recent articles in this journal I have discussed why a traditional physicalist and mechanist, as well as an info-computationalist, view of science cannot fulfil the goal of building a transdisciplinary science across Snow's two cultures. There seems to be no path proceeding from mechanistic physicalism to views that encompass phenomenological theories of experiential consciousness and meaning-based cognition and communication. I have suggested, as an alternative, the Cybersemiotic framework's integration of Peirce's semiotics and Luhmann's autopoietic system theory. The present article considers in greater depth the ontological developments necessary to make this possible. It shows how Peirce avoids materialism and German idealism through his building on a concept of emptiness similar to modern quantum field theory, positing an indeterminist objective chance feeding into an evolutionary philosophy of knowing based on pure mathematics and phenomenology that is itself combined with empirically executed fallibilism. Furthermore, he created a new metaphysics in the form of a philosophical synechist triadic process philosophy. This was integrated into the transcendentalist view of process view of science and spirituality developed from Western Unitarianism by Emerson (agapism), and featuring a metaphysics of emptiness and spontaneity (tychism) that are also essential for the Eastern philosophies of Buddhism and Vedanta. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Arbitrariness is not enough: towards a functional approach to the genetic code.

Science.gov (United States)

Lacková, Ľudmila; Matlach, Vladimír; Faltýnek, Dan

2017-12-01

Arbitrariness in the genetic code is one of the main reasons for a linguistic approach to molecular biology: the genetic code is usually understood as an arbitrary relation between amino acids and nucleobases. However, from a semiotic point of view, arbitrariness should not be the only condition for definition of a code, consequently it is not completely correct to talk about "code" in this case. Yet we suppose that there exist a code in the process of protein synthesis, but on a higher level than the nucleic bases chains. Semiotically, a code should be always associated with a function and we propose to define the genetic code not only relationally (in basis of relation between nucleobases and amino acids) but also in terms of function (function of a protein as meaning of the code). Even if the functional definition of meaning in the genetic code has been discussed in the field of biosemiotics, its further implications have not been considered. In fact, if the function of a protein represents the meaning of the genetic code (the sign's object), then it is crucial to reconsider the notion of its expression (the sign) as well. In our contribution, we will show that the actual model of the genetic code is not the only possible and we will propose a more appropriate model from a semiotic point of view.

New radiation warning sign

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mac Kenzie, C.; Mason, C.

2006-01-01

Full text: Radiation accidents involving orphan radioactive sources have happened as a result of people not recognizing the radiation trefoil symbol or from being illiterate and not understanding a warning statement on the radiation source. The trefoil symbol has no inherent meaning to people that have not been instructed in its use. A new radiation warning sign, to supplement the existing trefoil symbol, has been developed to address these issues. Human Factors experts, United Nations member states, and members of the international community of radiation protection professionals were consulted for input on the design of a new radiation warning sign that would clearly convey the message of 'Danger- Run Away- Stay Away' when in close proximity to a dangerous source of radiation. Cultural differences of perception on various warning symbols were taken into consideration and arrays of possible signs were developed. The signs were initially tested in international children for identification with the desired message and response. Based on these test results and further input from radiation protection professionals, five warning signs were identified as the most successful in conveying the desired message and response. These five signs were tested internationally in eleven countries by a professional survey company to determine the best sign for this purpose. The conclusion of the international testing is presented. The new radiation warning sign is currently a draft ISO standard under committee review. The design of the propose d radiation warning sign and the proposed implementation strategy outlined in the draft ISO standard is presented. (authors)

IRONY IN Xi Xi‟s “A WOMAN LIKE ME”: A SEMIOTICS PERSPECTIVE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lany Kristono

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Taking most probably the 1980s Hong Kong as its setting, ―A Woman Like Me‖ depicts the modern Hong Kong and its people‘s quite modern life style. Unlike in the Oriental tradition, in which a woman should play their traditional roles, the story is opened by a description of a career woman sitting alone in a cafe, waiting for her boyfriend and is ended by the woman seeing her boyfriend carrying a large bouquet of flowers, walking into the café. A café and a bouquet of flowers as an expression of love are definitely not parts of the Oriental culture. However, a deeper look into the woman‘s thoughts reflects a very Oriental tradition beneath the superficial western life-style, which is often associated with modernity. Since café, flowers, and the woman‘s job signify a much bigger meaning which refer to the people‘s culture and bedrock belief, this paper would employ semiotics to reveal a possible meaning delivered by the story.

Green's Theorem for Sign Data

OpenAIRE

Houston, Louis M.

2012-01-01

Sign data are the signs of signal added to noise. It is well known that a constant signal can be recovered from sign data. In this paper, we show that an integral over variant signal can be recovered from an integral over sign data based on the variant signal. We refer to this as a generalized sign data average. We use this result to derive a Green's theorem for sign data. Green's theorem is important to various seismic processing methods, including seismic migration. Results in this paper ge...

Signed languages and globalization

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hiddinga, A.; Crasborn, O.

2011-01-01

Deaf people who form part of a Deaf community communicate using a shared sign language. When meeting people from another language community, they can fall back on a flexible and highly context-dependent form of communication called international sign, in which shared elements from their own sign

The Viewpoint Paradigm: a semiotic based approach for the intelligibility of a cooperative designing process

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pierre-Jean Charrel

2002-11-01

Full Text Available The concept of viewpoint is studied in the field of the modelling and the knowledge management concerned in the upstream phases of a designing process. The concept is approached by semiotics, i.e. in dealing with the requirements so that an actor gives sense to an object. This gives means to transform the intuitive concepts of viewpoint and relation between viewpoints into the Viewpoint Paradigm: the sense of an object is the integration of the viewpoints which exert on it. The elements of this paradigm are integrated in a general model, which defines two concepts formally: Viewpoint and Correlation of viewpoints. The Viewpoint Paradigm is then implemented in operational concerns which are related with the intelligibility of the designing process. Two models of viewpoint and correlation are proposed. They raise of viewpoints management such as one can identify them in the written documents of a project.

On the temporal dynamics of sign production: An ERP study in Catalan Sign Language (LSC).

Science.gov (United States)

Baus, Cristina; Costa, Albert

2015-06-03

This study investigates the temporal dynamics of sign production and how particular aspects of the signed modality influence the early stages of lexical access. To that end, we explored the electrophysiological correlates associated to sign frequency and iconicity in a picture signing task in a group of bimodal bilinguals. Moreover, a subset of the same participants was tested in the same task but naming the pictures instead. Our results revealed that both frequency and iconicity influenced lexical access in sign production. At the ERP level, iconicity effects originated very early in the course of signing (while absent in the spoken modality), suggesting a stronger activation of the semantic properties for iconic signs. Moreover, frequency effects were modulated by iconicity, suggesting that lexical access in signed language is determined by the iconic properties of the signs. These results support the idea that lexical access is sensitive to the same phenomena in word and sign production, but its time-course is modulated by particular aspects of the modality in which a lexical item will be finally articulated. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Performance of Geosynthetic-Reinforced Soils Under Static and Cyclic Loading

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Touahmia

2017-04-01

Full Text Available This paper investigates and discusses the composite behavior of geosynthetic reinforced soil mass. It presents the results of a series of large-scale laboratory tests supported by analytical methods to examine the performance of geogrid reinforcement subjected to static and cyclic pullout loading. The testing equipment and procedures used for this investigation are outlined. The results show that geosynthetic reinforcement can mobilize great resistance to static pulling load under high confining pressures. The reinforcement exhibits gradual deformation under cyclic loading showing no sign of imminent pullout failure for all levels of applied loads. In general, the results demonstrate that geosynthetic can be used in situations where loads are non-static, although care will be required in ensuring that appropriate factors of safety are applied to control the resulting deformation. A simplified analytical model for calculating the pulling capacity of geosynthetic reinforcement is proposed.

Autocorrelation descriptor improvements for QSAR: 2DA_Sign and 3DA_Sign

Science.gov (United States)

Sliwoski, Gregory; Mendenhall, Jeffrey; Meiler, Jens

2016-03-01

Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) is a branch of computer aided drug discovery that relates chemical structures to biological activity. Two well established and related QSAR descriptors are two- and three-dimensional autocorrelation (2DA and 3DA). These descriptors encode the relative position of atoms or atom properties by calculating the separation between atom pairs in terms of number of bonds (2DA) or Euclidean distance (3DA). The sums of all values computed for a given small molecule are collected in a histogram. Atom properties can be added with a coefficient that is the product of atom properties for each pair. This procedure can lead to information loss when signed atom properties are considered such as partial charge. For example, the product of two positive charges is indistinguishable from the product of two equivalent negative charges. In this paper, we present variations of 2DA and 3DA called 2DA_Sign and 3DA_Sign that avoid information loss by splitting unique sign pairs into individual histograms. We evaluate these variations with models trained on nine datasets spanning a range of drug target classes. Both 2DA_Sign and 3DA_Sign significantly increase model performance across all datasets when compared with traditional 2DA and 3DA. Lastly, we find that limiting 3DA_Sign to maximum atom pair distances of 6 Å instead of 12 Å further increases model performance, suggesting that conformational flexibility may hinder performance with longer 3DA descriptors. Consistent with this finding, limiting the number of bonds in 2DA_Sign from 11 to 5 fails to improve performance.

British Sign Name Customs

Science.gov (United States)

Day, Linda; Sutton-Spence, Rachel

2010-01-01

Research presented here describes the sign names and the customs of name allocation within the British Deaf community. While some aspects of British Sign Language sign names and British Deaf naming customs differ from those in most Western societies, there are many similarities. There are also similarities with other societies outside the more…

Negation switching invariant signed graphs

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Deepa Sinha

2014-04-01

Full Text Available A signed graph (or, $sigraph$ in short is a graph G in which each edge x carries a value $\\sigma(x \\in \\{-, +\\}$ called its sign. Given a sigraph S, the negation $\\eta(S$ of the sigraph S is a sigraph obtained from S by reversing the sign of every edge of S. Two sigraphs $S_{1}$ and $S_{2}$ on the same underlying graph are switching equivalent if it is possible to assign signs `+' (`plus' or `-' (`minus' to vertices of $S_{1}$ such that by reversing the sign of each of its edges that has received opposite signs at its ends, one obtains $S_{2}$. In this paper, we characterize sigraphs which are negation switching invariant and also see for what sigraphs, S and $\\eta (S$ are signed isomorphic.

Planning Sign Languages: Promoting Hearing Hegemony? Conceptualizing Sign Language Standardization

Science.gov (United States)

Eichmann, Hanna

2009-01-01

In light of the absence of a codified standard variety in British Sign Language and German Sign Language ("Deutsche Gebardensprache") there have been repeated calls for the standardization of both languages primarily from outside the Deaf community. The paper is based on a recent grounded theory study which explored perspectives on sign…

Signs of the arctic: Typological aspects of Inuit Sign Language

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schuit, J.M.

2014-01-01

In this thesis, the native sign language used by deaf Inuit people is described. Inuit Sign Language (IUR) is used by less than 40 people as their sole means of communication, and is therefore highly endangered. Apart from the description of IUR as such, an additional goal is to contribute to the

Ranks of dense alternating sign matrices and their sign patterns

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Fiedler, Miroslav; Gao, W.; Hall, F.J.; Jing, G.; Li, Z.; Stroev, M.

2015-01-01

Roč. 471, April (2015), s. 109-121 ISSN 0024-3795 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA14-07880S Institutional support: RVO:67985840 Keywords : alternating sign matrix * dense matrix * sign pattern matrix Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 0.965, year: 2015 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024379515000257

Sociolinguistic Variation and Change in British Sign Language Number Signs: Evidence of Leveling?

Science.gov (United States)

Stamp, Rose; Schembri, Adam; Fenlon, Jordan; Rentelis, Ramas

2015-01-01

This article presents findings from the first major study to investigate lexical variation and change in British Sign Language (BSL) number signs. As part of the BSL Corpus Project, number sign variants were elicited from 249 deaf signers from eight sites throughout the UK. Age, school location, and language background were found to be significant…

Adolf Kussmaul and Kussmaul's sign

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Navreet Singh

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Kussmaul's has provided us with three important signs: Pulses paradoxus, Kussmaul's sign and Kussmaul Breathing. This article discusses Kussmaul's sign, its discovery, first description, pathophyiology and exceptions.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE (ASL AND BRITISH SIGN LANGUAGE (BSL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zora JACHOVA

2008-06-01

Full Text Available In the communication of deaf people between them­selves and hearing people there are three ba­sic as­pects of interaction: gesture, finger signs and writing. The gesture is a conditionally agreed manner of communication with the help of the hands followed by face and body mimic. The ges­ture and the move­ments pre-exist the speech and they had the purpose to mark something, and later to emphasize the speech expression.Stokoe was the first linguist that realised that the signs are not a whole that can not be analysed. He analysed signs in insignificant parts that he called “chemeres”, and many linguists today call them pho­nemes. He created three main phoneme catego­ries: hand position, location and movement.Sign languages as spoken languages have back­ground from the distant past. They developed par­allel with the development of spoken language and undertook many historical changes. Therefore, to­day they do not represent a replacement of the spoken language, but are languages themselves in the real sense of the word.Although the structures of the English language used in USA and in Great Britain is the same, still their sign languages-ASL and BSL are different.

Meaning-Making with Colour in Multimodal Texts: An 11-Year-Old Student's Purposeful "Doing"

Science.gov (United States)

Pantaleo, Sylvia

2012-01-01

Colour, a visual element of art and design, is a semiotic mode that is used strategically by sign-makers to communicate meaning. Understanding the meaning-making potential of colour can enhance students' understanding, appreciation, interpretation and composition of multimodal texts. This article features a case study of Anya, an 11-year-old…

Signs in neuroradiology - part 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goncalves, Fabricio Guimaraes, E-mail: goncalves.neuroradio@gmail.co [McGill University Health Centre (MUHC), Montreal, Quebec (Canada). Montreal General Hospital; Barra, Filipe Ramos; Jovem, Cassio Lemos [Hospital Universitario de Brasilia, DF (Brazil). Dept. of Radiology and Imaging Diagnosis; Matos, Valter de Lima [Hospital Santa Luzia, Brasilia, DF (Brazil); Amaral, Lazaro Luis Faria do [MedImagem - Hospital da Beneficencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Dept. of Neuroradiology; Carpio-O' Donovan, Raquel del [McGill University Health Centre (MUHC), Montreal, Quebec (Canada)

2011-03-15

The use of signs or analogies for interpretation and description of medical images is an old and common practice among radiologists. Comparison of findings with animals, food or objects is not unprecedented and routinely performed. Many signs are quite specific and, in some cases, pathognomonic. Indeed, notwithstanding their degree of specificity, signs may help in the characterization of certain diseases. Several neuroradiological signs have been already described. The authors will present 15 neuroradiology signs in the present essay, approaching their main characteristics, the significance of their role in the clinical practice, as well as their respective imaging findings. (author)

Signs in neuroradiology - part 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goncalves, Fabricio Guimaraes; Amaral, Lazaro Luis Faria do

2011-01-01

The use of signs or analogies for interpretation and description of medical images is an old and common practice among radiologists. Comparison of findings with animals, food or objects is not unprecedented and routinely performed. Many signs are quite specific and, in some cases, pathognomonic. Indeed, notwithstanding their degree of specificity, signs may help in the characterization of certain diseases. Several neuroradiological signs have been already described. The authors will present 15 neuroradiology signs in the present essay, approaching their main characteristics, the significance of their role in the clinical practice, as well as their respective imaging findings. (author)

Load test of the 277W Building high bay roof deck and support structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McCoy, R.M.

1994-01-01

The 277W Building high bay roof area was load tested according to the approved load-test procedure, WHC-SD-GN-TP-30015, Revision 1. The 277W Building is located in the 200 West Area of the Hanford Site and has the following characteristics: roof deck -- wood decking supported by 4 x 14 timber purlins; roof membrane -- tar and gravel; roof slope -- flat (<10 deg); and roof elevation -- maximum height of about 63 ft. The 227W Building was visited in March 1994 for a visual inspection. During this inspection, cracked areas were visible in the decking, but it was not possible to determine whether these cracks extended completely through the decking, which is 2-in. thick. The building was revisited in March 1994 for the purpose of writing this test report. Because the roof requires personnel access, a test was determined to be the best way to qualify the roof. The conclusions are that the roof has been qualified for 500-lb total roof load and that the ''No Roof Access'' signs can be changed to ''Roof Access Restricted'' signs

Semiotic systems with duality of patterning and the issue of cultural replicators.

Science.gov (United States)

Schaden, Gerhard; Patin, Cédric

2017-11-14

Two major works in recent evolutionary biology have in different ways touched upon the issue of cultural replicators in language, namely Dawkins' Selfish Gene and Maynard Smith and Szathmáry's Major Transitions in Evolution. In the latter, the emergence of language is referred to as the last major transition in evolution (for the time being), a claim we argue to be derived from a crucial property of language, called Duality of Patterning. Prima facie, this property makes natural language look like a structural equivalent to DNA, and its peer in terms of expressive power. We will argue that, if one takes seriously Maynard Smith and Szathmáry's outlook and examines what has been proposed as linguistic replicators, amongst others phonemes and words, the analogy meme-gene becomes problematic. A key issue is the fact that genes and memes are assumed to carry and transmit information, while what has been described as the best candidate for replicatorhood in language, i.e. the phoneme, does by definition not carry meaning. We will argue that semiotic systems with Duality of Pattering (like natural languages) force us to reconsider either the analogy between replicators in the biological and the cultural domain, or what it is to be a replicator in linguistics.

[Clinico-roentgenological semiotics of the chest damage in polytrauma].

Science.gov (United States)

Zamiatin, P N; Panchenko, E V; Grigor'ian, G O; Goloshchapova, E V

2006-10-01

There are presented the main clinico-roentgenological signs of the chest damage in the injured persons, suffering polytrauma, according to the data from the specialized department of traumatic shock and polytrauma.

Natural Propositions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stjernfelt, Frederik

Preface -- Introduction -- The generality of signs -- Dicisigns -- Some consequences of the dicisign doctrine -- Dicisigns and cognition -- Natural propositions--the evolution of semiotic self-control -- Dicisigns beyond language -- Operational and optimal iconicity in Peirce's diagrammatology...... -- Cows, red cows, and red herrings -- Corollarial and theorematic experiments with diagrams -- Strategies of research: Peirce's enlightenment maxims -- Perspective -- References -- Index....

Modeling online social signed networks

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Le; Gu, Ke; Zeng, An; Fan, Ying; Di, Zengru

2018-04-01

People's online rating behavior can be modeled by user-object bipartite networks directly. However, few works have been devoted to reveal the hidden relations between users, especially from the perspective of signed networks. We analyze the signed monopartite networks projected by the signed user-object bipartite networks, finding that the networks are highly clustered with obvious community structure. Interestingly, the positive clustering coefficient is remarkably higher than the negative clustering coefficient. Then, a Signed Growing Network model (SGN) based on local preferential attachment is proposed to generate a user's signed network that has community structure and high positive clustering coefficient. Other structural properties of the modeled networks are also found to be similar to the empirical networks.

Sign language: an international handbook

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pfau, R.; Steinbach, M.; Woll, B.

2012-01-01

Sign language linguists show here that all the questions relevant to the linguistic investigation of spoken languages can be asked about sign languages. Conversely, questions that sign language linguists consider - even if spoken language researchers have not asked them yet - should also be asked of

Traffic sign detection and analysis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møgelmose, Andreas; Trivedi, Mohan M.; Moeslund, Thomas B.

2012-01-01

Traffic sign recognition (TSR) is a research field that has seen much activity in the recent decade. This paper introduces the problem and presents 4 recent papers on traffic sign detection and 4 recent papers on traffic sign classification. It attempts to extract recent trends in the field...

Interrelations of codes in human semiotic systems.

OpenAIRE

Somov, Georgij

2016-01-01

Codes can be viewed as mechanisms that enable relations of signs and their components, i.e., semiosis is actualized. The combinations of these relations produce new relations as new codes are building over other codes. Structures appear in the mechanisms of codes. Hence, codes can be described as transformations of structures from some material systems into others. Structures belong to different carriers, but exist in codes in their "pure" form. Building of codes over other codes fosters t...

Script, code, information: how to differentiate analogies in the "prehistory" of molecular biology.

Science.gov (United States)

Kogge, Werner

2012-01-01

The remarkable fact that twentieth-century molecular biology developed its conceptual system on the basis of sign-like terms has been the object of numerous studies and debates. Throughout these, the assumption is made that this vocabulary's emergence should be seen in the historical context of mathematical communication theory and cybernetics. This paper, in contrast, sets out the need for a more differentiated view: whereas the success of the terms "code" and "information" would probably be unthinkable outside that historical context, general semiotic and especially scriptural concepts arose far earlier in the "prehistory" of molecular biology, and in close association with biological research and phenomena. This distinction, established through a reconstruction of conceptual developments between 1870 and 1950, makes it possible to separate off a critique of the reductive implications of particular information-based concepts from the use of semiotic and scriptural concepts, which is fundamental to molecular biology. Gene-centrism and determinism are not implications of semiotic and scriptural analogies, but arose only when the vocabulary of information was superimposed upon them.

Unconventional Political Campaigns in Romania: Presidential Impeachment Referendum (2007

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Camelia Cmeciu

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Every referendum brings forth a crisis of legitimacy. Traian Băsescu experienced this political situation in 2007 when he was suspended by the Romanian Parliament. Having as theoretical background social semiotics (Kress, van Leeuwen [1996] 2006; van Leeuwen, 2005, our paper focuses on four semiotic systems (represented participants, composition, multimodality, interactive participants applied to the images produced by the Romanian citizens, who had been “called up” to an unconventional political campaign through a personal production of a digital guerilla. Beyond its mere iconic function, number “322” has an indexical function of pinpointing the MPs who voted for Traian Băsescu’s impeachment. This number constitutes the main reason for the embodiment of these Romanian MPs in pictorial metaphors. Metaphors activate the semiotic system of multimodality because they become a sign of creativity by combining layers belonging to different iconic isotopic clusters. The humour comes from the allotopies (Greimas 1966 created through the surprising interweaving of politicians and animals, fairy-tales characters or evil/ good heroes.

The Social Dynamics of Social Science Research: Between Poetry and the Conveyer Belt

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emily Abbey

2010-02-01

Full Text Available This paper considers the semiotic organization of the research process in the social sciences. It offers a detailed analysis of the semiotic organization of a much used technique in the social sciences: the one-on-one non-directive interview. We consider how different signs might constrain the researcher’s thoughts and actions within the ongoing processes of interview dialogue. We are especially interested in different semiotic representations that may constrain the researcher’s understanding of his or her direct perception of phenomena: the researcher as a “poet” or as a “machine.” It is suggested that these notions may differentially constrain the researcher’s monitoring of the interaction with a participant, and that decisions in this monitoring process can have important implications for the ability of the interviewee to more fully express what it is he or she tries to communicate, and for the process of generating new knowledge. In conclusion, we suggest “poetic” and “mechanistic” approaches to the direct perception of phenomena, though distinct, may nonetheless be understood to complement one another.

Numeral Incorporation in Japanese Sign Language

Science.gov (United States)

Ktejik, Mish

2013-01-01

This article explores the morphological process of numeral incorporation in Japanese Sign Language. Numeral incorporation is defined and the available research on numeral incorporation in signed language is discussed. The numeral signs in Japanese Sign Language are then introduced and followed by an explanation of the numeral morphemes which are…

13 CFR 305.12 - Project sign.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Project sign. 305.12 Section 305... WORKS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENTS Requirements for Approved Projects § 305.12 Project sign. The... the construction period of a sign or signs at a conspicuous place at the Project site indicating that...

The effects of combining dynamic pricing, AC load control, and real-time energy feedback. SMUD'S 2011 Residential Summer Solutions Study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Herter, K. [Herter Energy Research Solutions, El Dorado Hills, CA (United States); Wood, V. [Sacramento Municipal Utility District, Sacramento, CA (United States); Blozis, S. [University of California, Davis, CA (United States)

2013-11-15

The 2011 Residential Summer Solutions Study compared the hourly load effects of three different real-time information treatments and two program options. The information treatments included: Baseline information (no real-time data), real-time Home information (whole-house data), and real-time Appliance information (data for the whole house plus three individual appliances). Compared to the Baseline group, real-time Home information lowered overall energy use by about 4 %. Real-time information at both the Home and Appliance levels had a significant effect on non-event peak loads: compared to the Baseline group, real-time Home data lowered peak load by 5 %, while Appliance data lowered peak load by 7 %. All three information treatments averaged a 1-kW (40 %) load shed during events. The customer-chosen program options included a dynamic time-of-use rate and a load control incentive program. Customers were more likely to sign up for the dynamic rate, and those who did saved significantly more peak load on both event days (>50 % savings) and non-event days (>20 % savings) than did those on the load control program alone. In addition, those on the dynamic rate saved twice as much on their summer bills as did those who chose to remain on the standard tiered rate. At the end of the summer, more than 90 % of participants signed up to participate again the following year.

REPRESENTASI FANATISME SUPPORTER DALAM FILM ROMEO DAN JULIET

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aditya Rizky Gunanto

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Romeo and Juliet movie tells the story of love between two mutually hostile angggota supporters. Rangga as a staunch supporter of Persija FC, and Dessy as a staunch supporter of Arsenal FC In unite their love, Rangga and Dessy faced with a problem, so they decided to get married and plan to escape to a neutral city where their competition is not a problem. But brother Dessy not bend over backwards to stop it. A true love story of two people has been the biggest supporter of the affairs of the two organizations .The theory used in this study is the theory of semiotics by Charles Sanders Peirce. Semiotics is the study of signs, meanings and proper functioning of the production of meaning. Charles Sanders Peirce's theory of meaning called triangle (triangle of meaning, including signs, objects (reference mark, and interpretant (users sign This type of research uses descriptive qualitative approach. Research methods with semiotic analysis that focuses on the meaning of each sign in the form of an icon, index, and symbol. The unit of analysis is a picture of a sign in the movie "Romeo Juliet". Research scope fanaticism of supporters who will be studied focusing on any scene that contains elements of fanaticism were analyzed through semotika Peirce.   Film Romeo dan Juliet menceritakan tentang percintaan antara dua angggota supporter yang saling bermusuhan. Rangga sebagai pendukung setia Persija FC, dan Dessy sebagai pendukung setia Persib FC Dalam mempersatukan cinta mereka, Rangga dan Dessy dihadapkan pada suatu masalah, sehingga mereka memutuskan untuk menikah dan merencanakan untuk melarikan diri ke sebuah kota netral di mana persaingan mereka tidak masalah. Tapi kakak Dessy tidak sekuat tenaga untuk menghentikannya. Sebuah kisah cinta sejati dua orang telah menjadi urusan dua organisasi pendukung terbesar. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori semiotika menurut Charles Sanders Peirce. Semiotika adalah ilmu yang mempelajari

"Hearing" the signs:influence of sign language in an inclusive classroom

OpenAIRE

Monney, M. (Mariette)

2017-01-01

Abstract Finding new methods to achieve the goals of Education For All is a constant worry for primary school teachers. Multisensory methods have been proved to be efficient in the past decades. Sign Language, being a visual and kinesthetic language, could become a future educational tool to fulfill the needs of a growing diversity of learners. This ethnographic study describes how Sign Language exposure in inclusive classr...

Kinship in Mongolian Sign Language

Science.gov (United States)

Geer, Leah

2011-01-01

Information and research on Mongolian Sign Language is scant. To date, only one dictionary is available in the United States (Badnaa and Boll 1995), and even that dictionary presents only a subset of the signs employed in Mongolia. The present study describes the kinship system used in Mongolian Sign Language (MSL) based on data elicited from…

Exploratory Analysis of a GGSN’s PDP Context Signaling Load

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Florian Metzger

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This paper takes an exploratory look on control plane signaling in a mobile cellular core network. In contrast to most contributions in this field, our focus does not lie on the wireless or user-oriented parts of the network, but on signaling in the core network. In an investigation of core network data we take a look at statistics related to GTP tunnels and their signaling. Based on the results thereof we propose a definition of load at the GGSN and create an initial load queuing model. We find signs of user devices putting burden on the core network through their behavior.

Eye Gaze in Creative Sign Language

Science.gov (United States)

Kaneko, Michiko; Mesch, Johanna

2013-01-01

This article discusses the role of eye gaze in creative sign language. Because eye gaze conveys various types of linguistic and poetic information, it is an intrinsic part of sign language linguistics in general and of creative signing in particular. We discuss various functions of eye gaze in poetic signing and propose a classification of gaze…

Electronic traffic signs: Reflecting upon its transition

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arbaiza Martin, A.E.; Alba, A.L.; Hernando Mazon, A.; Blanch Mico, M.T.

2016-07-01

In our days we face a fundamental issue concerning road signs. We may display contents in vertical and horizontal format (static signs, variable message signs, road markings), either on a post, a gantry or a dashboard. And we foresee a coming age where the excellent matrix resolution of painted signs will be truly approached by the resolution of full matrix displays. But we also risk a babel context threatening the universal approach encouraged by international catalogues as the 1968 Convention (ECE/TRANS/196, 2007). And the fundamental risk comes from our decisions regarding how the transition from the contents and formats displayed on static message signs to the ones displayed on electronic signs (in gantries or dashboards) should be. Our work explores this issue specifically, considering the transition from Advance Direction Signs (static message signs, class G, 1 in the 1968 Convention) to what could be termed Advance Location Signs (signs concerning the location of variable events with regards to certain landmarks) developed as an adaptation of the G, 1 class to electronic traffic signs.(Author)

Um um caminho de liberdade: a experiência da disciplina semiologia e semiotécnica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ademilda Maria Gomes de Sousa Garcia

1998-06-01

Full Text Available O trabalho relata a vivência da construção da disciplina Semiologia e Semiotécnica, integrante do novo currículo de Enfermagem. Os objetivos foram: incentivar a criatividade e a sensibilidade que o cuidar comporta no desenvolvimento de técnicas; valorizar os sentimentos e emoções no estabelecimento do relacionamento enfermeira-cliente; possibilitar uma reflexão e auto-conhecimento na vivência coletiva; e estabelecer uma interação docentediscente permeada pela parceria, compromisso e no sentir/aprender/fazer mútuos. A trajetória metodológica privilegiou a sensibilização como etapa necessária para o processo de formação e concomitante a este, desenvolvida a partir da arte e criatividade, e compreendeu a realização de oficinas e dinâmicas de grupos. Os resultados validam a experiência como oportunidade de desenvolver o potencial crítico, criativo e técnico rumo à consciência que conduz à liberdade na Enfermagem.

Road Signs for UV-Completion

CERN Document Server

Dvali, Gia; Gomez, Cesar

2012-01-01

We confront the concepts of Wilsonian UV-completion versus self-completion by Classicalization in theories with derivatively-coupled scalars. We observe that the information about the UV-completion road is encoded in the sign of the derivative terms. We note that the sign of the derivative couplings for which there is no consistent Wilsonian UV-completion is the one that allows for consistent classicalons. This is an indication that for such a sign the vertex must be treated as fundamental and the theory self-protects against potential inconsistencies, such as superluminality, via self-completion by classicalization. Applying this reasoning to the UV-completion of the Standard Model, we see that the information about the Higgs versus classicalization is encoded in the sign of the scattering amplitude of longitudinal W-bosons. Negative sign excludes Higgs or any other weakly-coupled Wilsonian physics.

The Use of Sign Language Pronouns by Native-Signing Children with Autism

Science.gov (United States)

Shield, Aaron; Meier, Richard P.; Tager-Flusberg, Helen

2015-01-01

We report the first study on pronoun use by an under-studied research population, children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exposed to American Sign Language from birth by their deaf parents. Personal pronouns cause difficulties for hearing children with ASD, who sometimes reverse or avoid them. Unlike speech pronouns, sign pronouns are…

Effects of load on the guidance of visual attention from working memory.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Bao; Zhang, John X; Huang, Sai; Kong, Lingyue; Wang, Suiping

2011-12-08

An active recent line of research on working memory and attention has shown that the visual attention can be top-down guided by working memory contents. The present study examined whether the guidance effect is modulated by memory load, i.e., the amount of information maintained in working memory. In a set of three experiments, participants were asked to perform a visual search task while maintaining several objects in working memory. The memory-driven attentional guidance effect was observed in all experiments when there were spare working memory resources. When memory load was increased from one item to two items, there was no sign that the guidance effect was attenuated. When load was further increased to four items, the guidance effect disappeared completely, indicating a clear impact of memory load on attentional guidance. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The sing for Humboldt, for Saussure and for Bakhtin

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sebastião Elias Milani

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This article shows three of the principal sign conceptions of the studies about language, differences and similarities. The sign is for Humboldt the material representation, or sound-image, of the concept, besides the identity of the articulated language sound; these three parts, sign, concept and sound identity, make the form of the language that is the word. The sign is for Saussure the name of the relation between the signified and the signifier. Saussure proposed the substitution of the terms sound-image and concept, that were full of suggestions and prior conceptualization, to the terms signified and signifier. The sign in Bakhtin is the form of the structure that accomplishes an ideologically sense completed by thought through articulated sound. The meeting between the articulated sound and the concept gives the resulting element of semiosis, so every sign is semiotic.

Chasing the rainbow: lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer youth and pride semiotics.

Science.gov (United States)

Wolowic, Jennifer M; Heston, Laura V; Saewyc, Elizabeth M; Porta, Carolyn; Eisenberg, Marla E

2017-05-01

While the pride rainbow has been part of political and social intervention for decades, few have researched how lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer young people perceive and use the symbol. How do lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer youth who experience greater feelings of isolation and discrimination than heterosexual youth recognise and deploy the symbol? As part of a larger study on supportive lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer youth environments, we conducted 66 go-along interviews with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer youth people from Massachusetts, Minnesota and British Columbia. During interviews, young people identified visible symbols of support, including recognition and the use of the pride rainbow. A semiotic analysis reveals that young people use the rainbow to construct meanings related to affiliation and positive feelings about themselves, different communities and their futures. Constructed and shared meanings help make the symbol a useful tool for navigating social and physical surroundings. As part of this process, however, young people also recognize that there are limits to the symbolism; it is useful for navigation but its display does not always guarantee supportive places and people. Thus, the pride rainbow connotes safety and support, but using it as a tool for navigation is a learned activity that requires caution.

The Need of the Autopoietic Cybernetics for Biosemiotics to become Embodied

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brier, Søren

causation is vital in order to bring for the signs interpretant (merkmale) to arise. Maturana and Varela have no conception of signs and semiosis, as their theory lacks a phenomenological and hermeneutical basis. But they explicitly reject the cognitive view of cognition as the nervous system picking up...... information from the environment and the conceptualization of the cognitive processes in the brain as information processing. Though neither they nor Bateson have a semiotic theory of meaning, it is the bio-cybernetics theory of autopoiesis and structural coupling that makes the interpretation of disturbances...

The predictive accuracy of the black hole sign and the spot sign for hematoma expansion in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Zhiyuan; Zheng, Jun; Ma, Lu; Guo, Rui; Li, Mou; Wang, Xiaoze; Lin, Sen; Li, Hao; You, Chao

2017-09-01

In patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), hematoma expansion (HE) is associated with poor outcome. Spot sign and black hole sign are neuroimaging predictors for HE. This study was aimed to compare the predictive value of two signs for HE. Within 6 h after onset of sICH, patients were screened for the computed tomography angiography spot sign and the non-contrast computed tomography black hole sign. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of two signs for HE prediction were calculated. The accuracy of two signs in predicting HE was analyzed by receiver-operator analysis. A total of 129 patients were included in this study. Spot sign was identified in 30 (23.3%) patients and black hole sign in 29 (22.5%) patients, respectively. Of 32 patients with HE, spot sign was observed in 19 (59.4%) and black hole sign was found in 14 (43.8%). The occurrence of black hole sign was significantly associated with spot sign (P black hole sign for predicting HE were 43.75, 84.54, 48.28, and 82.00%, respectively. The area under the curve was 0.740 for spot sign and 0.641 for black hole sign. (P = 0.228) Both spot sign and black hole sign appeared to have good predictive value for HE, and spot sign seemed to be a better predictor.

Sociolinguistic Typology and Sign Languages.

Science.gov (United States)

Schembri, Adam; Fenlon, Jordan; Cormier, Kearsy; Johnston, Trevor

2018-01-01

This paper examines the possible relationship between proposed social determinants of morphological 'complexity' and how this contributes to linguistic diversity, specifically via the typological nature of the sign languages of deaf communities. We sketch how the notion of morphological complexity, as defined by Trudgill (2011), applies to sign languages. Using these criteria, sign languages appear to be languages with low to moderate levels of morphological complexity. This may partly reflect the influence of key social characteristics of communities on the typological nature of languages. Although many deaf communities are relatively small and may involve dense social networks (both social characteristics that Trudgill claimed may lend themselves to morphological 'complexification'), the picture is complicated by the highly variable nature of the sign language acquisition for most deaf people, and the ongoing contact between native signers, hearing non-native signers, and those deaf individuals who only acquire sign languages in later childhood and early adulthood. These are all factors that may work against the emergence of morphological complexification. The relationship between linguistic typology and these key social factors may lead to a better understanding of the nature of sign language grammar. This perspective stands in contrast to other work where sign languages are sometimes presented as having complex morphology despite being young languages (e.g., Aronoff et al., 2005); in some descriptions, the social determinants of morphological complexity have not received much attention, nor has the notion of complexity itself been specifically explored.

Sociolinguistic Typology and Sign Languages

Science.gov (United States)

Schembri, Adam; Fenlon, Jordan; Cormier, Kearsy; Johnston, Trevor

2018-01-01

This paper examines the possible relationship between proposed social determinants of morphological ‘complexity’ and how this contributes to linguistic diversity, specifically via the typological nature of the sign languages of deaf communities. We sketch how the notion of morphological complexity, as defined by Trudgill (2011), applies to sign languages. Using these criteria, sign languages appear to be languages with low to moderate levels of morphological complexity. This may partly reflect the influence of key social characteristics of communities on the typological nature of languages. Although many deaf communities are relatively small and may involve dense social networks (both social characteristics that Trudgill claimed may lend themselves to morphological ‘complexification’), the picture is complicated by the highly variable nature of the sign language acquisition for most deaf people, and the ongoing contact between native signers, hearing non-native signers, and those deaf individuals who only acquire sign languages in later childhood and early adulthood. These are all factors that may work against the emergence of morphological complexification. The relationship between linguistic typology and these key social factors may lead to a better understanding of the nature of sign language grammar. This perspective stands in contrast to other work where sign languages are sometimes presented as having complex morphology despite being young languages (e.g., Aronoff et al., 2005); in some descriptions, the social determinants of morphological complexity have not received much attention, nor has the notion of complexity itself been specifically explored. PMID:29515506

Sociolinguistic Typology and Sign Languages

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adam Schembri

2018-02-01

Full Text Available This paper examines the possible relationship between proposed social determinants of morphological ‘complexity’ and how this contributes to linguistic diversity, specifically via the typological nature of the sign languages of deaf communities. We sketch how the notion of morphological complexity, as defined by Trudgill (2011, applies to sign languages. Using these criteria, sign languages appear to be languages with low to moderate levels of morphological complexity. This may partly reflect the influence of key social characteristics of communities on the typological nature of languages. Although many deaf communities are relatively small and may involve dense social networks (both social characteristics that Trudgill claimed may lend themselves to morphological ‘complexification’, the picture is complicated by the highly variable nature of the sign language acquisition for most deaf people, and the ongoing contact between native signers, hearing non-native signers, and those deaf individuals who only acquire sign languages in later childhood and early adulthood. These are all factors that may work against the emergence of morphological complexification. The relationship between linguistic typology and these key social factors may lead to a better understanding of the nature of sign language grammar. This perspective stands in contrast to other work where sign languages are sometimes presented as having complex morphology despite being young languages (e.g., Aronoff et al., 2005; in some descriptions, the social determinants of morphological complexity have not received much attention, nor has the notion of complexity itself been specifically explored.

Adapting tests of sign language assessment for other sign languages--a review of linguistic, cultural, and psychometric problems.

Science.gov (United States)

Haug, Tobias; Mann, Wolfgang

2008-01-01

Given the current lack of appropriate assessment tools for measuring deaf children's sign language skills, many test developers have used existing tests of other sign languages as templates to measure the sign language used by deaf people in their country. This article discusses factors that may influence the adaptation of assessment tests from one natural sign language to another. Two tests which have been adapted for several other sign languages are focused upon: the Test for American Sign Language and the British Sign Language Receptive Skills Test. A brief description is given of each test as well as insights from ongoing adaptations of these tests for other sign languages. The problems reported in these adaptations were found to be grounded in linguistic and cultural differences, which need to be considered for future test adaptations. Other reported shortcomings of test adaptation are related to the question of how well psychometric measures transfer from one instrument to another.

PEMAKNAAN PENGGUNAAN HEWAN CITAH DALAM IKLAN TVC YAMAHA NEW V-IXION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

YOGA ARIEF WIDAYANTO

2016-11-01

Full Text Available The language used as a means of exchanging messages and be the means of communication between producers with consumers. Through the image or photo and the words or text ads generate a sign. These signs are arranged in a structure of the ad and have a specific meaning. Thus the purpose of this research is to find out how the definition of the use of animal citah in advertising the New Yamaha Vixion TVC according to Charles Sanders Peirce's approach? The concept used in this study are the semiotics of advertising whereby an ad as an arrangement of signs. Then the sign will be examined with the approach used by Charles Sanders Peirce. In the process its meaningness used method of semiotics to see the meaning of the use of animal citah composed in signs that are in the ad TVC Yamaha's New V-ixion. Based on the results of the analysis with the semiotics of approach toward advertising signs in TVC Yamaha V-ixion New then it could be drawn the conclusion that the signs that lead to the meaning of the citah used in the advertisements contained on the aggressive, agile, strength, toughness and speed of describing on the advantages of the product are owned by Yamaha's New V-ixion, contained in scene 2, scene 4, scene 6, scene 7, scene 8 , and scene 9. Bahasa yang digunakan sebagai alat tukar pesan sekaligus menjadi sarana komunikasi antara produsen dengan konsumen. Melalui gambar atau foto dan kata-kata atau iklan teks menghasilkan tanda. Tanda-tanda ini disusun dalam struktur iklan dan memiliki arti tertentu. Dengan demikian tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana definisi penggunaan hewan citah dalam mengiklankan TVC Vixion Baru TVC menurut pendekatan Charles Sanders Peirce? Konsep yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah semiotika iklan dimana iklan sebagai penataan tanda. Kemudian tanda itu akan diperiksa dengan pendekatan yang digunakan oleh Charles Sanders Peirce. Dalam proses maknanya digunakan metode semiotika untuk melihat

Sociolinguistic Typology and Sign Languages

OpenAIRE

Adam Schembri; Jordan Fenlon; Kearsy Cormier; Trevor Johnston

2018-01-01

This paper examines the possible relationship between proposed social determinants of morphological ‘complexity’ and how this contributes to linguistic diversity, specifically via the typological nature of the sign languages of deaf communities. We sketch how the notion of morphological complexity, as defined by Trudgill (2011), applies to sign languages. Using these criteria, sign languages appear to be languages with low to moderate levels of morphological complexity. This may partly reflec...

Loads and loads and loads: The influence of prospective load, retrospective load, and ongoing task load in prospective memory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beat eMeier

2015-06-01

Full Text Available In prospective memory tasks different kinds of load can occur. Adding a prospective memory task can impose a load on ongoing task performance. Adding ongoing task load can affect prospective memory performance. The existence of multiple target events increases prospective load and adding complexity to the to-be-remembered action increases retrospective load. In two experiments, we systematically examined the effects of these different types of load on prospective memory performance. Results showed an effect of prospective load on costs in the ongoing task for categorical targets (Experiment 2, but not for specific targets (Experiment 1. Retrospective load and ongoing task load both affected remembering the retrospective component of the prospective memory task. We suggest that prospective load can enhance costs in the ongoing task due to additional monitoring requirements. Retrospective load and ongoing task load seem to impact the division of resources between the ongoing task and retrieval of the retrospective component, which may affect disengagement from the ongoing task. In general, the results demonstrate that the different types of load affect prospective memory differentially.

Phonological Development in Hearing Learners of a Sign Language: The Influence of Phonological Parameters, Sign Complexity, and Iconicity

Science.gov (United States)

Ortega, Gerardo; Morgan, Gary

2015-01-01

The present study implemented a sign-repetition task at two points in time to hearing adult learners of British Sign Language and explored how each phonological parameter, sign complexity, and iconicity affected sign production over an 11-week (22-hour) instructional period. The results show that training improves articulation accuracy and that…

Standardization of Sign Languages

Science.gov (United States)

Adam, Robert

2015-01-01

Over the years attempts have been made to standardize sign languages. This form of language planning has been tackled by a variety of agents, most notably teachers of Deaf students, social workers, government agencies, and occasionally groups of Deaf people themselves. Their efforts have most often involved the development of sign language books…

Semiotic and Theoretic Control in Argumentation and Proof Activities

Science.gov (United States)

Arzarello, Ferdinando; Sabena, Cristina

2011-01-01

We present a model to analyze the students' activities of argumentation and proof in the graphical context of Elementary Calculus. The theoretical background is provided by the integration of Toulmin's structural description of arguments, Peirce's notions of sign, diagrammatic reasoning and abduction, and Habermas' model for rational behavior.…

Phonological Similarity in American Sign Language.

Science.gov (United States)

Hildebrandt, Ursula; Corina, David

2002-01-01

Investigates deaf and hearing subjects' ratings of American Sign Language (ASL) signs to assess whether linguistic experience shapes judgments of sign similarity. Findings are consistent with linguistic theories that posit movement and location as core structural elements of syllable structure in ASL. (Author/VWL)

The film adaptation as an intersemiotic translation procedure: the "Budapeste" case

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Janaína Guedes Milanez

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Based on the semiotic theories of American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce, this article analyzes Walter Carvalho and Rita Buzzar’s film adaptation of the novel Budapeste, by Chico Buarque (2003. According to Peirce, a sign is anything that can take the place of something else in any situation — in this sense, in a representation context. If the sign is a representation device, we use it to make translation processes, that is, we put a sign in place of another sign so that we are able to relate to reality through language. An important issue, from this theoretical point of view, is to question how film adaptations, translations of translations, are related to literary texts. For the reading that we propose, from a semiotic perspective, we shall apply the most famous Peircean classes of signs (icon, index and symbol, considering their functionality, but we shall mainly use the icon category, because of its property of representing based on similarity relations between signs and their objects. The hypothesis we are considering initially is that, in both narratives in issue (the literary and the film one, the mirror metaphor, or the duplication metaphor, can be self-referential ones, taking part in a labyrinthine game of digressions and interruptions in the plot, which is an attempt to deconstruct the verisimilitude and so is also an icon of the fictional subject. In order to explore the analytical potential of the Peircean categories, we shall discuss the film adaptation as an intersemiotic process, trying to find out which interpretation of the novel is in the filmmaker’s reading, following the clues of this translation process and considering the implications of Peirce typology to a theoretical-critical appreciation of the film.

The halo sign and peripancreatic fluid: useful CT signs of hypovolaemic shock complex in adults

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ryan, M.F.; Hamilton, P.A.; Sarrazin, J.; Chu, P.; Benjaminov, O.; Lam, K.

2005-01-01

AIM: To report two new, useful computed tomography (CT) signs of the hypovolaemic shock complex (HSC) in adults admitted after blunt abdominal trauma: the halo sign (ring of fluid around a collapsed intra-hepatic inferior vena cava (IVC)), and peripancreatic retroperitoneal fluid. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT images of 498 consecutive patients admitted after blunt abdominal trauma were reviewed, of which 27 had CT signs of the HSC. The CT images of these 27 patients were analysed. A control group of 101 patients examined using CT for suspected blunt abdominal trauma who did not have the HSC were chosen for comparison. RESULTS: The most common features involved the vascular compartment: diminished IVC diameter (n=27), a positive halo sign (n=21); diminished anteroposterior diameter of the aorta (n=13); and abnormal vascular enhancement (n=10). Peripancreatic retroperitoneal fluid in the absence of pancreatic injury, pancreatitis or pancreatic disease was observed in eight patients. Hollow visceral abnormalities included: diffuse increased mucosal enhancement of both the small and large bowel (n=19); diffuse thickening of the small bowel wall (n=11); and small bowel dilatation (n=7). Solid visceral abnormalities included both decreased and or increased enhancement. Several concomitant intra- and extra-abdominal injuries were also identified. CONCLUSION: In the setting of blunt abdominal trauma, early abdominal CT can show diffuse abnormalities due to the HSC, which occasionally may alert clinicians of unsuspected shock. Recognition of these signs as distinguished from injured viscera is important in order to avoid unnecessary laparotomy. Two new signs are described: the halo sign and peripancreatic retroperitoneal fluid

The halo sign and peripancreatic fluid: useful CT signs of hypovolaemic shock complex in adults

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ryan, M.F.; Hamilton, P.A.; Sarrazin, J.; Chu, P.; Benjaminov, O.; Lam, K

2005-05-01

AIM: To report two new, useful computed tomography (CT) signs of the hypovolaemic shock complex (HSC) in adults admitted after blunt abdominal trauma: the halo sign (ring of fluid around a collapsed intra-hepatic inferior vena cava (IVC)), and peripancreatic retroperitoneal fluid. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT images of 498 consecutive patients admitted after blunt abdominal trauma were reviewed, of which 27 had CT signs of the HSC. The CT images of these 27 patients were analysed. A control group of 101 patients examined using CT for suspected blunt abdominal trauma who did not have the HSC were chosen for comparison. RESULTS: The most common features involved the vascular compartment: diminished IVC diameter (n=27), a positive halo sign (n=21); diminished anteroposterior diameter of the aorta (n=13); and abnormal vascular enhancement (n=10). Peripancreatic retroperitoneal fluid in the absence of pancreatic injury, pancreatitis or pancreatic disease was observed in eight patients. Hollow visceral abnormalities included: diffuse increased mucosal enhancement of both the small and large bowel (n=19); diffuse thickening of the small bowel wall (n=11); and small bowel dilatation (n=7). Solid visceral abnormalities included both decreased and or increased enhancement. Several concomitant intra- and extra-abdominal injuries were also identified. CONCLUSION: In the setting of blunt abdominal trauma, early abdominal CT can show diffuse abnormalities due to the HSC, which occasionally may alert clinicians of unsuspected shock. Recognition of these signs as distinguished from injured viscera is important in order to avoid unnecessary laparotomy. Two new signs are described: the halo sign and peripancreatic retroperitoneal fluid.

Generating potentially nilpotent full sign patterns

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kim, I.J.; Olesky, D.D.; Shader, B.L.; Driessche, van den P.; Holst, van der H.; Vander Meulen, K.N.

2009-01-01

A sign pattern is a matrix with entries in {+,-, 0}. A full sign pattern has no zero entries. The refined inertia of a matrix pattern is defined and techniques are developed for constructing potentially nilpotent full sign patterns. Such patterns are spectrally arbitrary. These techniques can also

LHCb: Wrong-Sign to Right-Sign Yield in Flavor Tagged $D^0 \\to K\\pi$ Data at LHCb

CERN Multimedia

Bessner, M

2011-01-01

Initial results on wrong-sign $D^0 \\rightarrow K^+ \\pi^-$ decays based on the 2010 dataset are presented: the selection criteria, the yield, the time-integrated ratio of wrong-sign to right-sign ($D^0 \\rightarrow K^- \\pi^+$) decays, and a decay time acceptance corrected ratio. The corrected ratio is measured to be $R_{acc \\, cor} = (0.409 \\pm 0.031 (stat.) \\pm 0.039 (sys.)) \\%$. This analysis is the first step towards the measurement of the time-dependent wrong-sign/right-sign ratio from which $D^0$ mixing parameters may be extracted.

Kinematic parameters of signed verbs.

Science.gov (United States)

Malaia, Evie; Wilbur, Ronnie B; Milkovic, Marina

2013-10-01

Sign language users recruit physical properties of visual motion to convey linguistic information. Research on American Sign Language (ASL) indicates that signers systematically use kinematic features (e.g., velocity, deceleration) of dominant hand motion for distinguishing specific semantic properties of verb classes in production ( Malaia & Wilbur, 2012a) and process these distinctions as part of the phonological structure of these verb classes in comprehension ( Malaia, Ranaweera, Wilbur, & Talavage, 2012). These studies are driven by the event visibility hypothesis by Wilbur (2003), who proposed that such use of kinematic features should be universal to sign language (SL) by the grammaticalization of physics and geometry for linguistic purposes. In a prior motion capture study, Malaia and Wilbur (2012a) lent support for the event visibility hypothesis in ASL, but there has not been quantitative data from other SLs to test the generalization to other languages. The authors investigated the kinematic parameters of predicates in Croatian Sign Language ( Hrvatskom Znakovnom Jeziku [HZJ]). Kinematic features of verb signs were affected both by event structure of the predicate (semantics) and phrase position within the sentence (prosody). The data demonstrate that kinematic features of motion in HZJ verb signs are recruited to convey morphological and prosodic information. This is the first crosslinguistic motion capture confirmation that specific kinematic properties of articulator motion are grammaticalized in other SLs to express linguistic features.

Adaptation of a Vocabulary Test from British Sign Language to American Sign Language

Science.gov (United States)

Mann, Wolfgang; Roy, Penny; Morgan, Gary

2016-01-01

This study describes the adaptation process of a vocabulary knowledge test for British Sign Language (BSL) into American Sign Language (ASL) and presents results from the first round of pilot testing with 20 deaf native ASL signers. The web-based test assesses the strength of deaf children's vocabulary knowledge by means of different mappings of…

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE HUMAN MIND IN TWO FILMS: PI AND A BEAUTIFUL MIND

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mehmet Aziz Göksel

2014-09-01

Full Text Available In this study, a semiotic reading and the comparison of the films Pi and Beautiful Mind is made from various aspects. The study makes use of semiotics and attempts to analyze and match mutually, the verbal signifiers and their signifieds, contained in the films. Some common attributes of these two films and the contemporary character of the sign (signification types, determines the field of interest of the study. The fact that the “human mind” takes place as a major theme in both works, paves the way for the selection of the research material. The findings accessed through the research, shed light on the interpretation of the social, scientific and cultural events of the so-called informtion age -those can be qualified as a revolution- in the last decades.

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE HUMAN MIND IN TWO FILMS: PI AND A BEAUTIFUL MIND

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mehmet Aziz Göksel

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In this study, a semiotic reading and the comparison of the films Pi and Beautiful Mind is made from various aspects. The study makes use of semiotics and attempts to analyze and match mutually, the verbal signifiers and their signifieds, contained in the films. Some common attributes of these two films and the contemporary character of the sign (signification types, determines the field of interest of the study. The fact that the “human mind” takes place as a major theme in both works, paves the way for the selection of the research material. The findings accessed through the research, shed light on the interpretation of the social, scientific and cultural events of the so-called informtion age -those can be qualified as a revolution- in the last decades

Parole, Sintagmatik, dan Paradigmatik Motif Batik Mega Mendung

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rudi - Nababan

2012-04-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT   Discussing traditional batik is related a lot to the organization system of fine arts element ac- companying it, either the pattern of the motif or the technique of the making. In this case, the motif of Mega Mendung Cirebon certainly has patterns and rules which are traditionally different from the other motifs in other areas. Through  semiotics analysis especially with Saussure and Pierce concept, it can be traced that batik with Cirebon motif, in this case Mega Mendung motif, has parole and langue system, as unique fine arts language in batik, and structure of visual syntagmatic and paradigmatic. In the context of batik motif as fine arts language, it is surely related to sign system as symbol and icon.       Keywords: visual semiotic, Cirebon’s batik.

The Legal Recognition of Sign Languages

Science.gov (United States)

De Meulder, Maartje

2015-01-01

This article provides an analytical overview of the different types of explicit legal recognition of sign languages. Five categories are distinguished: constitutional recognition, recognition by means of general language legislation, recognition by means of a sign language law or act, recognition by means of a sign language law or act including…

Visual cortex entrains to sign language.

Science.gov (United States)

Brookshire, Geoffrey; Lu, Jenny; Nusbaum, Howard C; Goldin-Meadow, Susan; Casasanto, Daniel

2017-06-13

Despite immense variability across languages, people can learn to understand any human language, spoken or signed. What neural mechanisms allow people to comprehend language across sensory modalities? When people listen to speech, electrophysiological oscillations in auditory cortex entrain to slow ([Formula: see text]8 Hz) fluctuations in the acoustic envelope. Entrainment to the speech envelope may reflect mechanisms specialized for auditory perception. Alternatively, flexible entrainment may be a general-purpose cortical mechanism that optimizes sensitivity to rhythmic information regardless of modality. Here, we test these proposals by examining cortical coherence to visual information in sign language. First, we develop a metric to quantify visual change over time. We find quasiperiodic fluctuations in sign language, characterized by lower frequencies than fluctuations in speech. Next, we test for entrainment of neural oscillations to visual change in sign language, using electroencephalography (EEG) in fluent speakers of American Sign Language (ASL) as they watch videos in ASL. We find significant cortical entrainment to visual oscillations in sign language sign is strongest over occipital and parietal cortex, in contrast to speech, where coherence is strongest over the auditory cortex. Nonsigners also show coherence to sign language, but entrainment at frontal sites is reduced relative to fluent signers. These results demonstrate that flexible cortical entrainment to language does not depend on neural processes that are specific to auditory speech perception. Low-frequency oscillatory entrainment may reflect a general cortical mechanism that maximizes sensitivity to informational peaks in time-varying signals.

Analysis of factors temporarily impacting traffic sign readability

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Majid Khalilikhah

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Traffic sign readability can be affected by the existence of dirt on traffic sign faces. However, among damaged signs, dirty traffic signs are unique since their damage is not permanent and they just can be cleaned instead of replaced. This study aimed to identify the most important factors contributing to traffic sign dirt. To do so, a large number of traffic signs in Utah were measured by deploying a vehicle instrumented with mobile LiDAR imaging and digital photolog technologies. Each individual daytime digital image was inspected for dirt. Location and climate observations obtained from official sources were compiled using ArcGIS throughout the process. To identify contributing factors to traffic sign dirt, the chi-square test was employed. To analyze the data and rank all of the factors based on their importance to the sign dirt, Random forests statistical model was utilized. After analyzing the data, it can be concluded that ground elevation, sign mount height, and air pollution had the highest effect on making traffic signs dirty. The findings of this investigation assist transportation agencies in determining traffic signs with a higher likelihood of sign dirt. In this way, agencies would schedule to clean such traffic signs more frequently.

Useful radiologic sign in diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer: Nucleohalo sign and its pathologic basis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, H.; Shi, D.

1994-01-01

The authors investigated the x-ray findings of 117 patients with peripheral lung cancer proved by operation and pathology, of them 35(29.9%) cases were found to have the 'nucleohalo sign', 6(13.6%) in 44 cases of solitary metastatic lung cancers, but none in 167 cases of benign lung nodular lesions and 4 cases of primary lung sarcoma and lymphoma. Radiologic and pathologic correlative study of the nucleohalo sign with surgical specimens of 14 lung cancers suggested that the cancerous parenchymas in nuclear areas were more than the interstitices in 12 cases and the other 2 were equal in both parenchymas and interstitices. Instead, the cancerous parenchymas in halo areas were less than cancerous interstitices in all cases. Dynamic observation of the 'nucleohalo sign' showed that this sign was an appearance of a stage in cancer growth. It is considered a very important sign in x-ray diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer, especially in the early diagnosis of lung cancer under or equal to 3 cm in diameter

The interaction of cognitive load and attention-directing cues in driving.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Yi-Ching; Lee, John D; Boyle, Linda Ng

2009-06-01

This study investigated the effect of a nondriving cognitively loading task on the relationship between drivers' endogenous and exogenous control of attention. Previous studies have shown that cognitive load leads to a withdrawal of attention from the forward scene and a narrowed field of view, which impairs hazard detection. Posner's cue-target paradigm was modified to study how endogenous and exogenous cues interact with cognitive load to influence drivers' attention in a complex dynamic situation. In a driving simulator, pedestrian crossing signs that predicted the spatial location of pedestrians acted as endogenous cues. To impose cognitive load on drivers, we had them perform an auditory task that simulated the demands of emerging in-vehicle technology. Irrelevant exogenous cues were added to half of the experimental drives by including scene clutter. The validity of endogenous cues influenced how drivers scanned for pedestrian targets. Cognitive load delayed drivers' responses, and scene clutter reduced drivers' fixation durations to pedestrians. Cognitive load diminished the influence of exogenous cues to attract attention to irrelevant areas, and drivers were more affected by scene clutter when the endogenous cues were invalid. Cognitive load suppresses interference from irrelevant exogenous cues and delays endogenous orienting of attention in driving. The complexity of everyday tasks, such as driving, is better captured experimentally in paradigms that represent the interactive nature of attention and processing load.

Study on road sign recognition in LabVIEW

Science.gov (United States)

Panoiu, M.; Rat, C. L.; Panoiu, C.

2016-02-01

Road and traffic sign identification is a field of study that can be used to aid the development of in-car advisory systems. It uses computer vision and artificial intelligence to extract the road signs from outdoor images acquired by a camera in uncontrolled lighting conditions where they may be occluded by other objects, or may suffer from problems such as color fading, disorientation, variations in shape and size, etc. An automatic means of identifying traffic signs, in these conditions, can make a significant contribution to develop an Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) that continuously monitors the driver, the vehicle, and the road. Road and traffic signs are characterized by a number of features which make them recognizable from the environment. Road signs are located in standard positions and have standard shapes, standard colors, and known pictograms. These characteristics make them suitable for image identification. Traffic sign identification covers two problems: traffic sign detection and traffic sign recognition. Traffic sign detection is meant for the accurate localization of traffic signs in the image space, while traffic sign recognition handles the labeling of such detections into specific traffic sign types or subcategories [1].

The sign language skills classroom observation: a process for describing sign language proficiency in classroom settings.

Science.gov (United States)

Reeves, J B; Newell, W; Holcomb, B R; Stinson, M

2000-10-01

In collaboration with teachers and students at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf (NTID), the Sign Language Skills Classroom Observation (SLSCO) was designed to provide feedback to teachers on their sign language communication skills in the classroom. In the present article, the impetus and rationale for development of the SLSCO is discussed. Previous studies related to classroom signing and observation methodology are reviewed. The procedure for developing the SLSCO is then described. This procedure included (a) interviews with faculty and students at NTID, (b) identification of linguistic features of sign language important for conveying content to deaf students, (c) development of forms for recording observations of classroom signing, (d) analysis of use of the forms, (e) development of a protocol for conducting the SLSCO, and (f) piloting of the SLSCO in classrooms. The results of use of the SLSCO with NTID faculty during a trial year are summarized.

Meaning and Abduction as Process-Structure: A Diagram of Reasoning

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Inna Semetsky

2009-11-01

Full Text Available This paper is informed by Charles Sanders Peirce’s philosophy as semiotics or the doctrine of signs. The paper’s purpose is to explore Peirce’s category of abduction as not being limited to the inference to the best explanation. In the context of the logic of discovery, abduction is posited as a necessary although not sufficient condition for the production of meanings. The structure of a genuine sign is triadic and represents a synthesis between precognitive ideas and conceptual representations. The novel model of reasoning is offered, based on the mathematical formalism borrowed from Gauss’ interpretation of the complex number. It is suggested that this model in a form of a diagram not only represents a semiotic process-structure but also overcomes the long-standing paradox of new knowledge. For Peirce, it is a diagram as a visual representation that may yield solutions to the otherwise unsolvable logical problems. What appears to us as a paradox is the very presence of abductive, or hypothetical, inference, as Peircean generic category of Firstness within the Thirdness of the total thought-process. Firstness (feeling, Secondness (action, and Thirdness (reason together constitute a dynamic structure of experience.

Bishnuprasad Rabha as Cultural Icon of Assam: The Process of Meaning Making

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Parismita Hazarika

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract The term ‘cultural icon’ is generally used to refer to individuals or images, objects, visual sign, monuments, space etc. In semiotics the term ‘icon’ is used to refer to a sign that bears close resemblance to the object that it stands for. Icons are particularly influential signifiers because they are immediately identifiable and carry complex cultural codes in a compact image. In this paper the understanding of ‘cultural icon’ is not limited to semiotics. Following Keyan Tomaselli and David Scott in Cultural Icons (2009, we believe that cultural icons are purposive constructions. An attempt has been made in this paper to analyze the association of ‘desirable’ meanings to a cultural icon (while dropping ‘undesirable’ ones; thus, it is imperative that we look at the changing socio-political contexts behind such purposive constructions. With this in mind, we look at the iconic figure of Bishnuprasad Rabha who has been one of the most revered figures in the cultural history of Assam and has been appropriated as a cultural icon in different discourses of the national life of Assam that has emerged in recent times.

Differential approach to planning of training loads in person with connective tissue dysplasia symptoms

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Олег Борисович Неханевич

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Introduction. When dealing with issues of access and planning of training and competitive pressures special interest cause the person with signs of connective tissue dysplasia.Aim. Improvement of medical support of training process of athletes with signs of connective tissue dysplasia.Materials and methods. 188 athletes are examined, including 59 with signs of connective tissue dysplasia. There are made the basic group. Signs of systemic involvement of connective tissue are determined using anthropometry and somatoscopy. An echocardiographic examination is conducted for all athletes at rest and during bicycle ergometry in regenerative period conducted.Results. Underweight body, acromacria, hypermobility of joints and flat feet are often observed with signs of systemic involvement of connective tissue.During veloergometry it was established deterioration of myocardial relaxation during diastole core group of athletes while performing load average power, which led to a drop in ejection fraction at submaximal levels of exertion.Conclusions. Existence of connective tissue dysplasia in athletes with different prognosis states requires sports physicians an in-depth analysis and differential diagnosis of clinical forms in order to prevent complications during training and competitive pressures. Early signs of cardiac strain while performing physical activity in athletes with signs of connective tissue dysplasia were symptoms of myocardial relaxation on indicators of diastolic heart function. Ejection fraction at rest remained at normal levels

Repetitions in French Belgian Sign Language (LSFB) and Flemish Sign Language (VGT) narratives and conversations

OpenAIRE

Notarrigo, Ingrid; Meurant, Laurence; Van Herreweghe, Mieke; Vermeerbergen, Myriam

2016-01-01

Repetition was described in the nineties by a limited number of sign linguists: Vermeerbergen & De Vriendt (1994) looked at a small corpus of VGT data, Fisher & Janis (1990) analysed “verb sandwiches” in ASL and Pinsonneault (1994) “verb echos” in Quebec Sign Language. More recently the same phenomenon has been the focus of research in a growing number of signed languages, including American (Nunes and de Quadros 2008), Hong Kong (Sze 2008), Russian (Shamaro 2008), Polish (Flilipczak and Most...

Electronic structure of C28, Pa at sign C28, and U at sign C28

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao, K.; Pitzer, R.M.

1996-01-01

Electronic structure calculations, including relativistic core potentials and the spin-orbit interaction, have been carried out on the C 28 , Pa at sign C 28 , and U at sign C 28 species. Excitation energies, spin-orbit splittings, the electron affinity, and the ionization potential are computed for C 28 . The ground state of C 28 is described well by the Hartree-Fock wave functions, but other states are not. The computed electron affinity and ionization potential are similar to those of C 60 . Strong metal-cage binding is found for Pa at sign C 28 and U at sign C 28 , similar to that in U(C 8 H 8 ) 2 . The ground electronic states depend on the order of the lowest-energy cage π * and metal 5f orbitals, with (π * ) 1 and (π * ) 1 (5f) 1 found to be the ground electronic configurations for the two complexes. U at sign C 28 is found to be diamagnetic. 30 refs., 1 fig., 13 tabs

Eigen-Gradients for Traffic Sign Recognition

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sheila Esmeralda Gonzalez-Reyna

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Traffic sign detection and recognition systems include a variety of applications like autonomous driving, road sign inventory, and driver support systems. Machine learning algorithms provide useful tools for traffic sign identification tasks. However, classification algorithms depend on the preprocessing stage to obtain high accuracy rates. This paper proposes a road sign characterization method based on oriented gradient maps and the Karhunen-Loeve transform in order to improve classification performance. Dimensionality reduction may be important for portable applications on resource constrained devices like FPGAs; therefore, our approach focuses on achieving a good classification accuracy by using a reduced amount of attributes compared to some state-of-the-art methods. The proposed method was tested using German Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark, reaching a dimensionality reduction of 99.3% and a classification accuracy of 95.9% with a Multi-Layer Perceptron.

[X-ray semiotics of sialolithiasis in functional digital subtraction sialography].

Science.gov (United States)

Iudin, L A; Kondrashin, S A; Afanas'ev, V V; Shchipskiĭ, A V

1995-01-01

Twenty-seven patients with sialolithiasis were examined using functional subtraction sialography developed by the authors. Differential diagnostic signs characterizing the degree of involvement of the salivary gland were defined. High efficacy of the method helps correctly plan the treatment strategy.

Approaching Sign Language Test Construction: Adaptation of the German Sign Language Receptive Skills Test

Science.gov (United States)

Haug, Tobias

2011-01-01

There is a current need for reliable and valid test instruments in different countries in order to monitor deaf children's sign language acquisition. However, very few tests are commercially available that offer strong evidence for their psychometric properties. A German Sign Language (DGS) test focusing on linguistic structures that are acquired…

The role of syllables in sign language production.

Science.gov (United States)

Baus, Cristina; Gutiérrez, Eva; Carreiras, Manuel

2014-01-01

The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional role of syllables in sign language and how the different phonological combinations influence sign production. Moreover, the influence of age of acquisition was evaluated. Deaf signers (native and non-native) of Catalan Signed Language (LSC) were asked in a picture-sign interference task to sign picture names while ignoring distractor-signs with which they shared two phonological parameters (out of three of the main sign parameters: Location, Movement, and Handshape). The results revealed a different impact of the three phonological combinations. While no effect was observed for the phonological combination Handshape-Location, the combination Handshape-Movement slowed down signing latencies, but only in the non-native group. A facilitatory effect was observed for both groups when pictures and distractors shared Location-Movement. Importantly, linguistic models have considered this phonological combination to be a privileged unit in the composition of signs, as syllables are in spoken languages. Thus, our results support the functional role of syllable units during phonological articulation in sign language production.

Redes multicódigos: possibilidades semióticas para o ativismo global

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco José Paoliello Pimenta

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Research conceming possible relationships between hypermedia, as a tool for global direct political actions, and the formation of conduct habits connected to participatory democracy and a renewed internationalism. This involves an analysis about global demonstrations and events organízation and releasing, stressing multicode semiotic processes. In the end, action proposals based on the logician Charles Sanders Peirce's notion of genuine sign are launched.

The development of individual purposes: Creating actuality through novelty

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Valsiner, Jaan

2011-01-01

This chapter proposes a theoretical model to make sense of how any human being can face future challenges at the present through cultural signs: which particular forms the sign-construction takes, how deep (or shallow) the hierarchical structure of semiotic mediation is, and how temporary or quasi......-permanent it might be. The model is rooted in Vygotsky's focus on the dialectical nature of human development, and elaborated in life-course psychology by TEM (Trajectory Equifinality Model of Tatsuya Sato). The making of individual purposes is a process of anticipating the future relations with the changing context...

Integrated sign management system : ADOT maintenance group

Science.gov (United States)

2003-12-01

The Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) maintains and manages an inventory of roadway signs. Before the implementation of this project, sign technicians maintained inventory records on individual laptops to track their daily sign maintenance ...

Innovations and Reproduction in Second Language (L2 New Media: A Discursive- Semiotic Study of Selected SMS Text Messages in Nigeria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tunde Opeibi

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Since the turn of the new millennium, the new media has continued to alter the communication configuration in modern societies. The social media tools have been influencing the way we interact and communicate. These wireless networks have confirmed that our world has indeed become a global village by creating a superhighway for communication possibilities never witnessed in human history. While scholars  have explored the roles of  some of the new media platforms e.g. Facebook  blogging, and twitter for private and public discourses(e.g., Taiwo, 2010; Presley, 2010, 2012,  previous studies in the use of SMS in Nigeria have concentrated more on sociolinguistic, lexical, or morpho-syntactic  features of text messages (e.g., Awonusi, 2004; Chiluwa, 2010. The present study, however, considers aspects of the new media discourse strategies as resources in a second language setting that demonstrate users’ bilingual creativity. It adopts a discursive-semiotic approach in its analytical paradigm to examine how participants, sharing the mobile protocols, deploy linguistic and non-linguistic facilities as well as contextual resources to create relationship and to enact meaning. The approaches of Discourse Analysis (DA and Semiotics (Schiffrin, 1994; Chandler, 2001 as well as insight from Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC, and Computer-Mediated Discourse Analysis (CMDA(Herring 2001, 2004;  O’Riley, 2005;  Herring, 2007 provide the theoretical underpinning for this study.  CMC and CMDA, for instance, have been used as tool kits to study and   to explain how the new media technologies influence the strategies with which language users within a given virtual sphere engage a wide range of audience through the virtual protocols. The study finds that the use of text messages has opened up creative ways of deploying the resources of a non-native language (English among bilinguals in Nigeria. The outcome of this innovative and reproduction process

Segmentation of British Sign Language (BSL): Mind the gap!

OpenAIRE

Orfanidou, E.; McQueen, J.; Adam, R.; Morgan, G.

2015-01-01

This study asks how users of British Sign Language (BSL) recognize individual signs in connected sign sequences. We examined whether this is achieved through modality-specific or modality-general segmentation procedures. A modality-specific feature of signed languages is that, during continuous signing, there are salient transitions between sign locations. We used the sign-spotting task to ask if and how BSL signers use these transitions in segmentation. A total of 96 real BSL signs were prec...

The Language of Colours. A Semiotic Analysis of Colours and Symbolic Imagery in Francis Ford Coppola’s "Bram Stoker’s Dracula" (1992

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Veronika Bernard

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Reviews referring to Francis Ford Coppola’s Columbia Pictures Bram Stoker’s Dracula classic of 1992 recurrently mention the images owing to the camera work of Michael Ballhaus as the striking feature of the movie and highly praise them for their thematically coherent effect.. The colours, if mentioned at all, leave reviewers undecided to sceptical when it comes to evaluating their contribution to the overall composition of the film, though. By providing a semiotic analysis of colours and symbolic imagery the below article will show how colours and imagery in their inter-relatedness create coherence and cohesion with Coppola’s interpretation of Stoker’s Dracula as a religiously inspired morality play set in the context of Victorian cultural values and self-perception.