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Sample records for schmiedl franz ulinski

  1. Higher Franz-Reidemeister torsion

    CERN Document Server

    Igusa, Kiyoshi

    2002-01-01

    The book is devoted to the theory of topological higher Franz-Reidemeister torsion in K-theory. The author defines the higher Franz-Reidemeister torsion based on Volodin's K-theory and Borel's regulator map. He describes its properties and generalizations and studies the relation between the higher Franz-Reidemeister torsion and other torsions used in K-theory: Whitehead torsion and Ray-Singer torsion. He also presents methods of computing higher Franz-Reidemeister torsion, illustrates them with numerous examples, and describes various applications of higher Franz-Reidemeister torsion, particularly for the study of homology of mapping class groups. Packed with up-to-date information, the book provides a unique research and reference tool for specialists working in algebraic topology and K-theory.

  2. Franz Kugler

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eric Garberson

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Review of: Michel Espagne, Bénédicte Savoy, Céline Trautmann-Waller, Franz Theodor Kugler. Deutscher Kunsthistoriker und Berliner Dichter, Akademie Verlag, Berlin, 2010. Reviews a collection of essays based on papers delivered at the Berlin conference (2008 celebrating Franz Kugler (1808-1858, a key figure in the disciplinary history of art history and an active player the cultural and intellectual life of Berlin in the mid-nineteenth century. Written by historians, art historians, and historians of literature, these essays examine Kugler’s work as an art historian, critic, journal editor, Prussian bureaucrat, poet, and member of several art and literary societies.

  3. Excitonic dynamical Franz-Keldysh effect

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nordstrøm, K.B.; Johnsen, Kristinn; Allen, S.J.

    1998-01-01

    The dynamical Franz-Keldysh effect is exposed by exploring near-band-gap absorption in the presence of intense THz electric fields. It bridges the gap between the de Franz-Keldysh effect and multiphoton absorption and competes with the THz ac Stark effect in shifting the energy of the excitonic...... resonance. A theoretical model which includes the strong THz field nonperturbatively via a nonequilibrium Green functions technique is able to describe the dynamical Franz-Keldysh effect in the presence of excitonic absorption....

  4. Revision of the Neotropical genus Protoconnus Franz (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae).

    Science.gov (United States)

    JaŁoszyŃski, PaweŁ

    2018-03-07

    The Neotropical genus Protoconnus Franz, belonging to the tribe Glandulariini, is revised. Protoconnus is redefined based on detailed morphological study, and all known species are revised, including 10 originally placed in Protoconnus, one transferred from Euconnus, and 14 described as new. The following species are treated: P. andicola Franz (Peru), P. peruensis Franz (Peru), P. minutus Franz (Peru), P. minutissimus Franz (Peru), P. venezolanus Franz (Venezuela), P. araguanus Franz (Venezuela), P. bolivianus Franz (Bolivia), P. comarapae Franz (Bolivia), P. robustus Franz (Bolivia), P. paraguayanus Franz (Paraguay), P. princeps (Franz), comb. n. (ex Euconnus) (Peru), P. quillabambanus sp. n. (Peru), P. ecuadoranus sp. n. (Ecuador), P. napoanus sp. n. (Ecuador), P. magnus sp. n. (Ecuador), P. impressifrons sp. n. (Bolivia), P. angustus sp. n. (Bolivia), P. acutus sp. n. (Bolivia), P. tunarianus sp. n. (Bolivia), P. apaapa sp. n. (Bolivia), P. maximus sp. n. (Costa Rica), P. minusculus sp. n. (Costa Rica), P. costaricanus sp. n. (Costa Rica), P. inexpectatus sp. n. (Costa Rica), and P. volcanbaru sp. n. (Panama). Lectotypes are designated for P. andicola and P. peruensis.

  5. Dynamical Franz-Keldysh Effect

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Jauho, Antti-Pekka; Johnsen, Kristinn

    1996-01-01

    We introduce and analyze the properties of dynamical Franz-Keldysh effect, i.e., the change of density of states, or absorption spectra, of semiconductors under the influence of time-dependent electric fields. In the case of a harmonic time dependence, we predict the occurrence of significant fin...... structure, both below and above the zero-field band gap, which should be experimentally observable.......We introduce and analyze the properties of dynamical Franz-Keldysh effect, i.e., the change of density of states, or absorption spectra, of semiconductors under the influence of time-dependent electric fields. In the case of a harmonic time dependence, we predict the occurrence of significant fine...

  6. Volume celebrating the 60th birthday of Professor Dr. Franz Fie; Professor Dr. Franz Fiedler zum 60. Geburtstag

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Beheng, K.D. [ed.

    1998-01-01

    This report was compiled in honor of Professor Dr. Franz Fiedler on the occasion of his 60th birthday on 7 January 1998. Its contributions deal with mesoscale modelling, the propagation of air pollutants, measurements of precipitation using radar, and prediction models. (orig./KW) [Deutsch] Dieser Bericht wurde aus Anlass des 60. Geburtstags von Herrn Prof. Dr. Franz Fiedler am 7. Januar 1998 zusammengestellt. Die Beitraege behandeln mesoskalige Modellierung, Ausbreitung von Luftschadstoffen, Niederschlagsmessung mit Radar und Vorhersagemodelle. (orig.)

  7. O realismo de Franz Kafka

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Modesto Carone

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available Com base no conto "Na galeria", incluído no volume Um médico rural, procura-se mostrar como o realismo se materializa na obra de Franz Kafka. Argumenta-se que a deformação da realidade que pode ser sugerida pela obra do autor obedece a uma percepção aguda do mundo. Kafka mostra, no próprio corpo de obras-primas como esta, as coisas como elas são e as coisas como elas são percebidas pelo olhar alienado.Taking as a guideline the short story "Auf der Galerie", included in the volume Ein Landarzt, the author attempts at showing how "realism" is materialized in the work of Franz Kafka. It is stated that the deformation of reality that could be suggested by the work of the author follows an acute perception of the world. Kafka shows, in the body of such masterpieces, things as they are and how they are perceived by the alienated look.

  8. A importância da act-psychology de Franz Brentano The importance of Franz Brentano's act-psychology

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Saturnino Pesquero Ramón

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo pretende colaborar para resgatar, a Franz Brentano, a paternidade da doutrina da intencionalidade, que fundamenta um dos princípios básicos de sua act-psychology: a indissociabilidade entre idéia e ação para explicar a especificidade da conduta humana. Por esse motivo, é considerado um dos fundadores da psicologia moderna, emancipada da filosofia. Esse pressuposto está subjacente à doutrina da psicanálise, à psicologia da Gestalt e à psicologia cognitiva-fenomenológica.This article attempts to redeem Franz Brentano's paternity of his Intentionality Theory, which sustains his act-psychology, which postulates, among other thesis, the indissociabitity between idea and action for explaining the specificity of human behavior. For that, he is considered one of the creators of modern psychology, as emancipated from philosophy. This assumption is subjacent to Psychoanalysis, Gestalt-Psychology and Cognitive-Phenomelogical Psychology.

  9. Wissenschaftliches Schreiben in der Fremdsprache Deutsch : am Beispiel von Abschlussarbeiten französischer Studierender

    OpenAIRE

    François, Audrey

    2006-01-01

    Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit dem wissenschaftlichen Schreiben in der Fremdsprache Deutsch am Beispiel von Abschlussarbeiten französischer Studierender. Das Ziel der Dissertation ist herauszufinden, wie französische Germanistikstudierende die innere und äußere Form ihrer universitären Abschlussarbeit gestalten. Dabei soll untersucht werden, ob französische fortgeschrittene DaF-Lernende beim wissenschaftlichen Schreiben bestimmte Schwierigkeiten haben, die nicht allen DaF-Lerne...

  10. Georg Franz Buquoy und "La famosissima Notte"

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Konečný, Lubomír

    -, 0016 (2011), s. 1-9 ISSN 2190-3328 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z80330511 Keywords : Georg Franz August de Longueval, Count Buquoy * Antonio Allegri * Il Correggio Subject RIV: AL - Art, Architecture, Cultural Heritage http://www.riha-journal.org/articles/2011/2011-jan-mar/konecny-buquoy-famosissima-notte

  11. Ludwig Boltzmann, Albert Einstein and Franz Joseph; Ludwig Boltzmann, Albert Einstein und Franz Joseph

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Broda, E.

    1983-07-01

    Under the Emperor Francis Joseph (1848-1916) the natural sciences were less weIl supported in Austria than in other countries of Europe. This is explained by the fact that the German speaking middle classes accepted the preeminence of the feudal forces with their antiscientific attitude. The reason for this readiness to subordination was that those middle classes feIt threatened in their relatively favourable situation by Slavs and Latins. Francis Joseph was the typical representative of the aristocracy. Personally, he did his duty conscientiously and was not corrupt, but progressive ideas and scientific thought were alien to him. From his desk he treated Boltzmann benevolently, but he had no wish to meet personally the greatest mind of the Empire or in any respect to ask his views. Another famous subject of the Emperor, Albert Einstein, was apparently ignored altogether. The structural weakness of Austria, due to the national problems, led to immobilism in her scientific life, but also, up to a point, to tolerance. The impression of Victor Adler on Einstein is considered in this historical context. (author) [German] Die Naturwissenschaften wurden in Österreich unter Franz Joseph (1848-1916) weniger gefördert als in anderen Staaten Europas. Dies wird darauf zurückgeführt, daß das deutschsprechende Bürgertum sich mit der Vorherrschaft der feudalen Kräfte abfand, die nicht wissenschafts-freundlich waren. Für die Bereitschaft zur Unterordnung unter die Feudalen war maßgebend, daß das deutschsprechende Bürgertum sich durch Slawen und Romanen in seiner relativen Vorzugsstellung bedroht sah. Franz Joseph war der typische Repräsentant des konservativen Feudalismus. Er war persönlich pflichtbewußt und integer, doch waren ihm fortschrittliche Gedanken und wissenschaftliche Denkweise fremd. Boltzmann behandelte er von seinem Schreibtisch aus wohlwollend, doch hegte er keinen Wunsch, den größten Geist seines Reiches persönlich kennen zu lernen oder ihn in

  12. The importance of Franz Brentano's act-psychology / A importância da act-psychology de Franz Brentano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Saturnino Pesquero Ramón

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available This article attempts to redeem Franz Brentano's paternity of his Intentionality Theory, which sustains his act-psychology, which postulates, among other thesis, the indissociabitity between idea and action for explaining the specificity of human behavior. For that, he is considered one of the creators of modern psychology, as emancipated from philosophy. This assumption is subjacent to Psychoanalysis, Gestalt-Psychology and Cognitive-Phenomelogical Psychology.

  13. Karjamaa, pilved... Franz Liiv ja Juhan Kafka / Toomas Raudam

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Raudam, Toomas, 1947-

    1998-01-01

    Varem ilmunud: Postimees, 1996, 7.sept. Rets. rmt.: Kafka, Franz. Kirjad Milenale / tlk. Tiiu Relve. Tallinn : Perioodika, 1996. (Loomingu Raamatukogu ; 27-30, 1996; Liiv, Juhan. Mu kallis Liisi / koost. Aarne Vinkel. Tartu : Ilmamaa, 1996

  14. Los dibujos de Franz Kafka

    OpenAIRE

    Ruano Roldán, Manuel

    2015-01-01

    El presente trabajo surge de mi pasión por la obra de Franz Kafka. Pasión que se remonta a lejanos años cuando quedé prendado, ya para siempre, de la prosa, para mí mágica, del autor praguense. Consistía el proyecto de investigación, en su intención primera, en confrontar la obra literaria de Kafka con sus dibujos. Pensaba entonces, y hoy estoy firmemente convencido de ello, que algunas de las características, cualidades y estados de sus personajes literarios –humanos o animales– y, lógic...

  15. Nuclear astrophysics at FRANZ

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reifarth, R.; Dababneh, S.; Fiebiger, S.; Glorius, J.; Göbel, K.; Heil, M.; Hillmann, P.; Heftrich, T.; Langer, C.; Meusel, O.; Plag, R.; Schmidt, S.; Slavkovská, Z.; Veltum, D.; Weigand, M.; Wiesner, C.; Wolf, C.; Zadeh, A.

    2018-01-01

    The neutron capture cross section of radioactive isotopes for neutron energies in the keV region will be measured by a time-of-flight (TOF) experiment. NAUTILUS will provide a unique facility realizing the TOF technique with an ultra-short flight path at the FRANZ setup at Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany. A highly optimized spherical photon calorimeter will be built and installed at an ultra-short flight path. This new method allows the measurement of neutron capture cross sections on extremely small sample as needed in the case of 85Kr, which will be produced as an isotopically pure radioactive sample. The successful measurement will provide insights into the dynamics of the late stages of stars, an important independent check of the evolution of the Universe and the proof of principle.

  16. Franz Joseph Gall and music: The faculty and the bump

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Eling, P.A.T.M.; Finger, S.; Whitaker, H.A.

    2015-01-01

    The traditional story maintains that Franz Joseph Gall's (1758-1828) scientific program began with his observations of schoolmates with bulging eyes and good verbal memories. But his search to understand human nature, in particular individual differences in capacities, passions, and tendencies, can

  17. Robert Klopstock and Franz Kafka--the friends from Tatranské Matliare (the High Tatras).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mydlík, M; Derzsiová, K

    2007-01-01

    The paper summarises the accessible literature on the life and work of well-known American lung surgeon, Professor Dr. Med. Robert Klopstock, who was in the years 1920-1924 a friend Franz Kafka. Professor Klopstock was of Hungarian origin and he got acquainted with Franz Kafka at the end of the year 1920 in Tatranské Matliare (The High Tatras). They were both patients treated for lung tuberculosis. They became close friends and their mutual correspondence shows their real friendship. Robert Klopstock was present at Franz Kafka's death-bed on June 3, 1924 in Kierling, near Klosterneuburg, not far from Vienna. Robert Klopstock studied at Medical Faculties of the Universities in Budapest, Prague, Kiel and Berlin. After his graduation in 1933 in Berlin, he worked as a lung surgeon at various surgical clinics and departments in Budapest and Berlin. In 1936 Robert Klopstock together with his wife visited the High Tatras and Tatranské Matliare. In 1937 Robert Klopstock with his wife Gizela, a writer and a translator, who translated the first chapters of Franz Kafka's novel "Trial" into Hungarian language, went to United States of America. During his stay in U.S.A. Dr. Med. Robert Klopstock was very active as a lung surgeon and a scientist. He published 64 specialized scientific papers, mostly in American medical journals. He became Professor of Lung Surgery at Downstate Medical Centre in New York-Brooklyn. He died on June 15, 1972 in New York.

  18. The Beginnings of Photography in Central Europe. Friedrich Franz and the First Daguerreotypes in Brno

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Trnková, Petra

    2015-01-01

    Roč. 39, č. 2 (2015), s. 121-141 ISSN 0308-7298 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GPP409/11/P834 Institutional support: RVO:68378033 Keywords : photography * 19th century * daguerreotype * portraiture * Friedrich Franz * Franz Xaver Braumüller * Anton Gindl * Albin Heinrich * Cyril Napp * Josef Carl Lauer * Carl Schuh * Josef Wawra * Andreas Ettingshausen * Voigtländer metal camera * Ackerbaugesellschaft * Brno * Moravia * early photography in Central Europe Subject RIV: AL - Art, Architecture, Cultural Heritage

  19. O ensino religioso em Franz Rosenzwieg

    OpenAIRE

    Guarnieri, Maria Cristina Mariante

    2007-01-01

    Frente a discussão que se apresenta sobre “Ensino de Religião”, essa comunicação pretende propor uma reflexão a partir do pensador Franz Rosenzweig (1886-1929). Partindo do pressuposto que a religião se dá na experiência concreta, Rosenzweig terá como preocupação principal o ensino religioso, o que transforma uma possível teoria da religião em uma pedagogia da religião, pois, para ele, compreender judaísmo é praticar judaísmo. O objetivo de Rosenzweig não é validar o judaísmo – a religião. É ...

  20. Nonequilibrium absorption in semiconductors and the dynamical Franz-Keldysh effect

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Johnsen, Kristinn; Jauho, Antti-Pekka

    1997-01-01

    We theoretically study free electron light absorption for a sample which is placed in a strong, time-dependent uniform electric field. In the case of static fields one observes the Franz-Keldysh effect: finite absorption for photon energies below the band gap. We refer to this phenomenon as the F...

  1. Columbia University's Franz Boas: He Led the Undoing of Scientific Racism.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Baker, Lee D.

    1999-01-01

    As early as 1887, the anthropologist Franz Boas began to combat scientific racism and the insistence that blacks were of lower intelligence than whites. Throughout his career, Boas guided anthropology to a consensus that people of color were not racially inferior and that they possessed unique and historically specific cultures. (SLD)

  2. Farewell Jean-Marie Good Luck Eva Welcome back Franz

    CERN Multimedia

    2001-01-01

    At the farewell reception offered by the Director-General, Professor Luciano Maiani, on the occasion of Jean-Marie Dufour's retirement from CERN, three generations of CERN Legal Counsel met. From right to left: Jean-Marie Dufour, who retires on 30 November 2001, after 35 years of service. Eva-Maria Gröniger-Voss, who takes over from Jean-Marie Dufour on 1st December 2001. Ambassador Franz Schmid, CERN Legal Counsel from 1971 to 1974.

  3. Kaiser Franz Joseph I und die Serben 1848–1908

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wolfgang Rohrbach

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available A century from death of Emperor Franz Joseph I (+21.11.1916 triggered a great number of publications about life and almost seven decades long reign of a popular monarch. As the political struggle between Russia, Prussia, Italy and Ottoman Empire are depicted with moderation, Serbia is described unidimensional, with an emphasis on the last decade of Emperors rule. In order to remedy this shortcoming, this contribution is focusing on a period between 1848 and 1908. Today we know much more about relations between Franz Joseph and King Milan Obrenović, as well as with dignitaries of Serbian Orthodox Church, and military, academic and artistic elite. It is, therefore, possible to refute entrenched notions about constant enmity and hostility between Austria and Serbia. In this work, an emphasis is put on cooperation between Austria and Serbia from 1848, when Serbs at Emperors request held a number of important political and military positions, whereas Serbian artists took part in the reconstruction of Imperial Vienna. The university of Vienna hosted the oldest institute for slavistic (1849, becoming, therefore, a crossroad of the cultural and social development of the Balkans.

  4. 78 FR 61948 - Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: “Franz von Stuck”

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-10-07

    ... the exhibition ``Franz von Stuck,'' imported from abroad for temporary exhibition within the United... the Frye Art Museum, Seattle, Washington, from on or about November 2, 2013, until on or about...

  5. Franz Brentano e il cognitivismo emotivo

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    Gemmo Iocco

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available This essay aims to describe the specific nature of the emotional cognitivism sketched out by Franz Brentano. Indeed in a more or less direct way the value-theory he developed has played a key-role both within the ethical-axiological debate at the turn of the 20th century and in contemporary debate. In this paper I (a describe the general traits of Brentano’s value-theory focusing primarily on his account of concrete intuitive presentation insofar as it allows us to acknowledge what it is right and wrong. Then (b I discuss Brentano’s characterization of “intrinsic preferability” and conclude by arguing that (c the historical-philosophical prominence and relevance of this value-account may be sought in its “not univocal nature”.

  6. Revisiting Wiedemann-Franz law through Boltzmann transport equations and ab-initio density functional theory

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nag, Abhinav; Kumari, Anuja; Kumar, Jagdish

    2018-05-01

    We have investigated structural, electronic and transport properties of the alkali metals using ab-initio density functional theory. The electron energy dispersions are found parabolic free electron like which is expected for alkali metals. The lattice constants for all the studied metals are also in good agreement within 98% with experiments. We have further computed their transport properties using semi-classical Boltzmann transport equations with special focus on electrical and thermal conductivity. Our objective was to obtain Wiedemann-Franz law and hence Lorenz number. The motivation to do these calculations is to see that how the incorporation of different interactions such as electron-lattice, electron-electron interaction affect the Wiedeman-Franz law. By solving Boltzmann transport equations, we have obtained electrical conductivity (σ/τ) and thermal conductivity (κ0 /τ) at different temperatures and then calculated Lorenz number using L = κ0 /(σT). The obtained value of Lorenz number has been found to match with value derived for free electron Fermi gas 2.44× 10-8 WΩK-2. Our results prove that the Wiedemann-Franz law as derived for free electron gas does not change much for alkali metals, even when one incorporates interaction of electrons with atomic nuclei and other electrons. However, at lower temperatures, the Lorenz number, was found to be deviating from its theoretical value.

  7. [Franz Schubert--his life, music and diseases].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Andersen, S N

    2000-04-10

    The Austrian composer Franz Peter Schubert (1797-1828), the father of the German lied (song), was only 31 years old when he died. During his short life he wrote more than 1,000 pieces, among them 600 lieder, nine symphonies, 18 overtures, chamber music, 15 operettas and operas, six masses, and innumerable piano pieces. Included among the latter are 21 complete sonatas, eight impromptus, Wanderer-Fantasie, dances and piano duets. When he was 26 years old he contracted syphilis and was given the conventional treatment at that time, mercury, which caused him a great deal of problems in the years that followed. However, his premature death was probably caused by typhoid fever.

  8. Experiments with radioactive target samples at FRANZ

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sonnabend, K.; Altstadt, S.; Beinrucker, C.; Berger, M.; Endres, A.; Fiebiger, S.; Gerbig, J.; Glorius, J.; Göbel, K.; Heftrich, T.; Hinrichs, O.; Koloczek, A.; Lazarus, A.; Lederer, C.; Lier, A.; Mei, B.; Meusel, O.; Mevius, E.; Ostermöller, J.; Plag, R.; Pohl, M.; Reifarth, R.; Schmidt, S.; Slavkovská, Z.; Thomas, B.; Thomas, T.; Weigand, M.; Wolf, C.

    2016-01-01

    The FRANZ facility is currently under construction at Goethe Universität Frankfurt a.M., Germany. It is designed to produce the world's highest neutron intensities in the astrophysically relevant energy range between 10 keV and 1 MeV and consists of a high-intensity proton linac providing energies close to the threshold of the 7Li(p,n) reaction at Ep = 1880 keV. The high intensities of both the proton and the neutron beam allow the investigation of reactions of unstable target isotopes since the needed amount of target material is significantly reduced. We will present two examplary reactions relevant for the s process and the nucleosynthesis of p nuclei, respectively.

  9. The Relevance of Franz L. Neumann’s Critical Theory in 2017: "Anxiety and Politics" in the New Age of Authoritarian Capitalism

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christian Fuchs

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available This articles discusses and contextualises tripleC’s republication of Franz L. Neumann’s essay Anxiety and Politics. It provides some background information on Neumann’s life and works. The essay ascertains that in the age of new nationalisms, rising right-wing authoritarianism and authoritarian capitalism, Franz L Neumann’s works can help us to critically understand contemporary society.

  10. ENTREVISTA CON FRANZ HINKELAMMERT

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Henry Mora Jiménez

    2004-07-01

    Full Text Available El 05 de abril de 2001, en sesión ordinaria del Consejo Universitario de la Universidad Nacional, éste órgano de la UNA tomó el acuerdo de otorgar al Dr. Franz J. Hinkelammert, científico social alemán radicado en Costa Rica desde hace más de veinte años y uno de los fundadores del Departamento Ecuménico de Investigaciones(DEI; el Doctorado Honoris Causa, “por su excepcional aporte a las ciencias sociales contemporáneas”. El acto público para la entrega oficial de tal distinción se realizó un mes después, y en ese mismo acto, se le solicitó al Dr.Hinkelammert la entrega de una obra reciente o en preparación de su autoría, para que fuera publicada por la Editorial de la UNA, como parte del reconocimiento a su labor intelectual. El borrador final de esa obra fue entregada a la EUNA a finales de 2001, y tratándose de más de 500 páginas, tomó casi un año de prolijo trabajo la tarea de corrección y edición. Se trata del libro que comentamos en la presente entrevista, EL SUJETO Y LA LEY. El retorno del Sujeto reprimido, Editorial Universidad Nacional,Heredia, Costa Rica, 2003.

  11. Franz Kafka, Sigmund Freud and Markus Hajek. A connection in life and death.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Diamant, H

    1998-08-21

    When Sigmund Freud was taken ill in 1923 with a malignant tumor of his right upper jaw he was initially treated by the famous Viennese rhino-laryngologist, Professor Markus Hajek. One year later, Franz Kafka, who was suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis which had spread to the larynx, was likewise placed under the care of this distinguished specialist. Neither of the encounters proved beneficial from the professional point of view and both well-known patients received remarkably poor attentions in keeping with the general autocratic attitude by clinical chiefs of the time in Vienna. Franz Kafka was terminally ill when he came to Hajek and no treatment was yet available for the disabling and painful laryngeal complication of his advanced tuberculosis. He died about a month after leaving Hajek's ward in Vienna. Sigmund Freud required repeated subsequent operations on his jaw and the insertion of a prothesis. Hajek had handed Freud over to Hans Pichler for further care and it was entirely due to the skill of this extremely competent and empathetic maxilliary surgeon that Freud lived for another 16 years, working to almost full capacity.

  12. Franz Anton Mesmer, an introverted personality in medicine and film

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    Alberto Enrique D’OTTAVIO

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available This paper focuses on a controversial figure in Medicine: Franz Anton Mesmer, who lived during the 18th century and the early 19th century. A biographical context, supported in different authors, explains his professional heterodoxy and his eventual legacy to Medicine, providing simultaneously a referential framework for the equally debatable film Mesmer (1994 and allowing a comparison between the historical truthfulness and the non historical changes made in favour of cinematographic language. Historical film with well-matched wardrobe, approaches to us a polemic physician considered just a medical pioneer or, in contrast, a mere fake linked with occultism and swindle.

  13. Über Wahrheit und Lüge jenseits des deutsch-französischen Sinns

    OpenAIRE

    Keller, Thomas

    2017-01-01

    Der Beitrag will die Kontrastierung einer deutschen Abwertung der Lüge und einer französischen Lügenfreundlichkeit durch eine Rekonstruktion von transkulturellen pseudologischen Debatten ersetzen. Er erinnert an die Kollision des Kant’schen Lügenverbots mit der repressiven historischen Situation um 1800; Pragmatismus vermeidet Blutzeugentum (Constant und de Charrière). Er zeigt die lebensphilosophische Aufladung von Wahrheit und Lüge um 1900 – in Rollands Jean-Christophe ist die Wahrheit nur ...

  14. The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, 28 June 1914

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Meryem

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Sunday, June 28, 1914, the world will change in the days of a political murder was carried out. Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire in Sarajevo visit with his wife and both died as a result of an assassination. The Sarajevo assassination, referred in the history texts as “spark” of the First World War or “like a clap of thunder to Europe”. In Serbia, the secret organization “Black Hand” engaged in activities for the unity of Serbs; together with Gavrilo Princip and Nedjelko Cabrinovic, Trifko Grabez, Muhamed Mehmedbasic, Vaso Cubriloviç , Cvijetko Popoviç had a mystical trip to the assassination plot. The background of the assassination in Sarajevo, causes and consequences of the assassination will be discussed in this study.

  15. "Different by Degree": Ella Cara Deloria, Zora Neale Hurston, and Franz Boas Contend with Race and Ethnicity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hoefel, Roseanne

    2001-01-01

    American Indian ethnographer and linguist Ella Cara Deloria and African American folklorist and writer Zora Neale Hurston did fieldwork for Franz Boas, the father of modern anthropology. Both were shocked by how American racism empowered white people's historical actions. By correcting stereotypes through their work, they reasserted the role of…

  16. Art history’s history in Melbourne: Franz Philipp in correspondence with Arthur Boyd

    OpenAIRE

    Jaynie Anderson

    2011-01-01

    The article considers the Austrian born art historian Franz Philipp, who came to Australia and made his career at the University of Melbourne in the years after the Second World War. At Vienna Philipp was one of the last pupils of Julius von Schlossser and he brought to Australia the principles of the Vienna School of Art History. Like other art historians of the diaspora he became entranced with Australian art and wrote the first monograph on Arthur Boyd. His correspondence with Boyd (Archiv...

  17. Franz Serafin Exner's Indeterminist Theory of Culture

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stöltzner, Michael

    By combining Ernst Mach's empiricism, Ludwig Boltzmann's atomism, and the relative frequency interpretation of probability, the Viennese physicist Franz Serafin Exner argued long before quantum mechanics that the basic laws of nature were of indeterministic nature and that the strict deterministic laws found on the macroscopic scale obtained in the limit of very many random events. The number of single events studied in humanistic disciplines was at best sufficient to ascertain weak regularities. But both science and the humanities were grounded in the law of large numbers, such that the world as a whole was governed by a global tendency towards the most probable state. Exner's unified outlook was not reductionist; rather it resembled the unification intended by Alexander von Humboldt's physical description of the world. Moreover, to Exner's lights, even culture was a natural product supervening on the various rising and declining peoples that exhibited a continuous ethical progress and the development of an objective scientific world view. By separating the individual microscopic and the ideal macroscopic levels, Exner's indeterminist theory simultaneously opposed the Spenglerian challenge against science and embraced his criticism of civilization and the death of the arts.

  18. Lesekompetenz im Französisch als 1. und 2. Fremdsprache in einer mehrsprachigen Perspektive bei Primarschüler/innen am Ende der 6. Klasse

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Giuseppe Manno

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Im Beitrag werden Resultate eines laufenden Forschungsprojekts vorgestellt, das die Lesekompetenz im Französisch als 1. und 2. Fremdsprache (Umkehrung der bisherigen Reihenfolge durch die Fremdsprachenreform in der Schweiz unter Berücksichtigung der Schulsprache Deutsch in einer mehrsprachigen Perspektive am Ende der Primarstufe (6. Klasse untersucht. Die zentrale Fragestellung ist, ob die Schüler/innen mit Französisch als 1. Fremdsprache über eine bessere Lesekompetenz verfügen als mit Französisch als 2. Fremdsprache (jeweiliger Beginn: 5. Klasse. Des Weiteren wird der Zusammenhang zwischen der Französischlesekompetenz und der Schulsprache untersucht. Für die Überprüfung dieser Fragestellungen liegt ein quasi-experimentelles Design vor, bei dem beide Gruppen zeitverschoben gemessen wurden. In this article we will present some results of an ongoing project which studies the reading comprehension in French at the end of primary school (6th grade as first and as second foreign language (reversal of the previous order in the current reform of the foreign languages in Switzerland by also considering the school language (German within a multilingual approach. The focus of this article is whether learners with French as second foreign language reach a higher proficiency than learners with French as first foreign language (French being still taught from grade 5 on. Furthermore we will study the correlation between the reading comprehension proficiency in French and in German. The quasi-experimental research design is given by the fact that classes in the old and new system could be recorded at different times.

  19. Franz Boas, geographer, and the problem of disciplinary identity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Koelsch, William A

    2004-01-01

    This paper examines Franz Boas as an aspiring professional geographer during the 1880s: his Baffin Land research, his publications, his participation in geography organizations, and his struggle to attain a university appointment in geography. Frustrated by a seeming lack of opportunity for advancement in Germany, Boas explored career opportunities as a geographer in America and launched a series of unsuccessful but meaningful attempts to dominate the intellectual direction of American geography. Finally, the article reviews the circumstances surrounding Boas's appointment as an anthropologist at Clark University in 1889. Through examining Boas's own words and actions, the paper demonstrates that his professional identification with geography was lengthier and stronger than earlier accounts have suggested. It also critiques the myth of a Baffin Land "conversion" to anthropology, and delineates the circumstances of his shift from German human geography to his Americanist recasting of anthropology after 1889. Copyright 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  20. Validation of the Wiedemann–Franz law in a granular s-wave superconductor in the nanometer scale

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yousefvand, A; Salehi, H; Shoushtari, M Zargar

    2017-01-01

    The present study tries to evaluate the validity of the Wiedemann–Franz law in a granular s-wave superconductor in the presence of concentrated impurities. By using Green’s function method and the Kubo formula technique, three distinct contributions of the Aslamazov–Larkin, the Maki–Thompson and, the density of states are calculated for both the electrical conductivity and the thermal conductivity in a granular s-wave superconductor. It is demonstrated that these different contributions to the fluctuation conductivity depend differently on the tunneling because of their different natures. This study examines the transport in a granular superconductor system in three dimensions in the limit of large tunneling conductance, which makes it possible to ignore all localization effects and the Coulomb interaction. We find that the tunneling is efficient near the critical temperature and that there is a crossover to the characteristic behavior of a homogeneous system. When it is far from the critical temperature, the tunneling is not effective and the system behaves as an ensemble of real zero-dimensional grains. The results show that the Wiedemann–Franz law is violated in both temperature regions. (paper)

  1. Determination of lamivudine and zidovudine permeability using a different ex vivo method in Franz cells.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dezani, André Bersani; Pereira, Thaisa Marinho; Caffaro, Arthur Massabki; Reis, Juliana Mazza; Serra, Cristina Helena Dos Reis

    2013-01-01

    The major processes that control the absorption of orally administered drugs are dissolution and gastrointestinal permeation. These processes depend on two main properties: solubility and permeability. Based on these characteristics, the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) was proposed as a tool to assist in biowaiver and bioavailability prediction of drugs. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the permeability of lamivudine (3TC) and zidovudine (AZT) using a different ex vivo method in Franz cells. A segment of jejunum was inserted in a Franz cells apparatus, in order to assess drug permeability in the apical-basolateral (A-B) and basolateral-apical (B-A) directions. Each drug was added to the donor chamber, collected from the acceptor chamber and analyzed by HPLC. Fluorescein (FLU) and metoprolol (METO) were used as low and high permeability markers, respectively. The apparent permeability (Papp) results for the A-B direction were: Papp FLU A-B=0.54×10(-4)cm·s(-1), Papp METO A-B=7.99×10(-4)cm·s(-1), Papp 3TC A-B=4.58×10(-4)cm·s(-1) and Papp AZT A-B=5.34×10(-4)cm·s(-1). For the B-A direction, the Papp results were: Papp FLU B-A=0.56×10(-4)cm·s(-1), Papp METO B-A=0.25×10(-4)cm·s(-1), Papp 3TC B-A=0.24×10(-4)cm·s(-1) and Papp AZT B-A=0.19×10(-4)cm·s(-1). For the A-B direction, the Papp results of fluorescein and metoprolol show low and high permeability, respectively, indicating that the membranes were appropriate for permeability studies. For the A-B direction, the Papp results of 3TC and AZT suggest that these antiretroviral drugs have permeability values close to metoprolol. Nevertheless, for the B-A direction the Papp results do not suggest efflux mechanism for any of the drugs. Thereby, the different ex vivo methods using Franz cells can be successfully applied in drug permeability studies, in particular for drug biopharmaceutical classification. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  2. The Wiedemann—Franz law in a normal metal—superconductor junction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ghanbari R; Rashedi G

    2011-01-01

    In this paper the influence of superconducting correlations on the thermal and charge conductances in a normal metal—superconductor (NS) junction in the clean limit is studied theoretically. First we solve the quasiclassical Eilenberger equations, and using the obtained density of states we can acquire the thermal and electrical conductances for the NS junction. Then we compare the conductance in a normal region of an NS junction with that in a single layer of normal metal (N). Moreover, we study the Wiedemann—Franz (WF) law for these two cases (N and NS). From our calculations we conclude that the behaviour of the NS junction does not conform to the WF law for all temperatures. The effect of the thickness of normal metal on the thermal conductivity is also theoretically investigated in the paper. (condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties)

  3. Comparing in vivo biodistribution with radiolabeling and Franz cell permeation assay to validate the efficacy of both methodologies in the evaluation of nanoemulsions: a safety approach

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cerqueira-Coutinho, C S; De Campo, V E B; Mansur, C R E; Rossi, A L; Veiga, V F; Holandino, C; Freitas, Z M F; Ricci-Junior, E; Santos, E P; Santos-Oliveira, R

    2016-01-01

    The Franz cells permeation assay has been performed for over 25 years. However, the advent of nanotechnology created a whole new world, especially with regard to topical products. In this new global scenario an increasing number of nanostructure-based delivery systems (NDSs) have emerged and a global warning relating to the safety of these NDSs is arising. This work studied the efficacy of the Franz cells assay, comparing it with the radiolabeling biodistribution test. For this purpose a formulation of sunscreen based on an NDS was developed and characterized. The results demonstrated both that the NDS did not present in vitro cytotoxicity and that the radiolabeling biodistribution test is more precise for the evaluation of NDS cosmetics than the Franz cells assay, since it detected the permeation of the NDS at a picogram order. Due to this fact, and considering all the concerns related to NDSs and nanoparticles in general, more precise methods must be used in order to guarantee the safe use of these new classes of products. (paper)

  4. An Image of a Higher World: Ethical Renewal in Franz Brentano and Edmund Husserl

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michael Gubser

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Although interpreters have long recognized Franz Brentano’s powerful impact on his students, the career-long persistence of his hold on Edmund Husserl is still underestimated. Conventional narratives of Husserl’s development describe his mentor’s pervasive early impact followed by a sharp break from the master’s philosophy. My essay challenges this account by arguing that Husserl’s shift toward transcendental phenomenology within the domain of ethics marked a reappraisal – even a reinvigoration – of Brentanian premises, rather than an attempt to discard them.  

  5. UNA REVISITA A LA OBRA Y EL PENSAMIENTO DE FRANZ HINKELAMMERT

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Henry Manuel Mora Jiménez

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available Catalogado por el también connotado Enrique Dussel, como el filósofo más prominente en la actualidad en América Latina, Franz Hinkelammert es, en efecto, un pensador y crítico social de gran trayectoria en nuestro continente, desde su llegada a Chile en 1963. Autor de obras de gran relevancia en el campo de la economía, la filosofía y la teología de la liberación, Hinkelammert se desempeña actualmente como miembro del equipo de investigadores del Departamento Ecuménico de Investigaciones (DEI, con sede en San José de Costa Rica.Con Franz Hinkelammert nos une una amistad de varios años, lo mismo que un vínculo de colaboración con la Escuela de Economía de la UNA, donde asiduamente un grupo de académicos y estudiantes trabajamos y discutimos sus obras. Recordamos en especial sus tesis sobre el subdesarrollo, la teoría del valor, el fetichismo mercantil, y sobre la deuda externa. Su obra es realmente prolija y sugerente, al mismo tiempo que reúne la singular característica de la multidisciplinariedad en la mayoría de sus trabajos. Por estos, y muchos otros motivos, hemos considerado extraordinariamente valioso presentar a los lectores de Economía y Sociedad una síntesis de su pensamiento, a través de los resultados de esta entrevista que tuve el honor de realizar y editar. La misma está estructurada en quince preguntas, numeradas de forma consecutiva. No obstante, y dado que cada pregunta abarca en realidad un área temática, aparecen preguntas o comentarios adicionales de mi parte que se identifican en letra negrita y que son antecedidas por las siglas H.M. La entrevista se realizó a mediados de enero del 2000, y el trabajo de edición finalizó a finales de febrero.

  6. Sur les traces de Franz Kafka dans l’œuvre de Milan Kundera // In the footsteps of Franz Kafka in the work of Milan Kundera

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    Lenka Žehrová

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Franz Kafka is undoubtebly an important part of the literary canon of the Central Europe and especially of the canon formed by Milan Kundera in his works. Kundera considers Kafka to be one of his principal masters. He sees Kafka as an antecendent of surrealism and existencialism. According to his collection of essays The Art of the Novel, Kafka is the prototype of the ideal author who invites us to cross the border of the probable showing us the world from the other side. Thus, we can observe the human existence in different and better way. By showing this, he fills up the main task of every novelist. The contribution will analyze the alludes of Kafka in the work of Kundera and will try to describe their character and explain how Kundera works with examples of Kafka and his work in his own books.

  7. Art history’s history in Melbourne: Franz Philipp in correspondence with Arthur Boyd

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jaynie Anderson

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available The article considers the Austrian born art historian Franz Philipp, who came to Australia and made his career at the University of Melbourne in the years after the Second World War. At Vienna Philipp was one of the last pupils of Julius von Schlossser and he brought to Australia the principles of the Vienna School of Art History. Like other art historians of the diaspora he became entranced with Australian art and wrote the first monograph on Arthur Boyd. His correspondence with Boyd (Archives of the University of Melbourne shows how European methods of art history allowed Philipp to interpret Boyd’s work in a cross cultural manner.

  8. Numerical modeling of a snow cover on Hooker Island (Franz Josef Land archipelago

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    V. S. Sokratov

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Results obtained by simulating snow characteristics with a numerical model of surface heat and moisture exchange SPONSOR are presented. The numerical experiments are carried out for Franz Josef Land with typical Arctic climate conditions. The blizzard evaporation parameter is shown to have great influence on snow depth on territories with high wind speed. This parameter significantly improves the simulation quality of the numerical model. Some discrepancies between evaluated and observed snow depth values can be explained by inaccuracies in precipitation measurements (at least in certain cases and errors in calculations of incoming radiation, mostly due to low accuracy in the cloudiness observations.

  9. Theory of the Franz-Keldysh effect in quantum wells

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Trallero Giner, C.

    1986-09-01

    We use the effective-mass approximation to obtain the imaginary part, ε 2 , of the dielectric constant of a quantum well in an applied electric field for direct transitions at a normal (M O ) threshold. The calculations of ε 2 are used to evaluate the real part, ε 1 , of the dielectric constant through the Kramers-Kronig relations. The changes in ε 1 and ε 2 due to the electric field are expressed in terms of the corresponding electrooptic functions. All magnitudes are obtained, neglecting excitonic effects, for electric fields both perpendicular to and in the plane of the layers. We show that for fields parallel to the layers the electrooptic functions turn out to be a superposition of two-dimensional Franz-Keldysh ones. The electrooptic functions for fields perpendicular to the layers show a qualitatively different behaviour from those observed in bulk semiconductors. Analytic expressions for the Lorentzian broadening of ε 1 and ε 2 are given in terms of complex valued electrooptic functions of complex argument. (author)

  10. Franz Selety (1893-1933?). His cosmological investigations and the correspondence with Einstein (German Title: Franz Selety (1893-1933?). Seine kosmologischen Arbeiten und der Briefwechsel mit Einstein)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jung, Tobias

    In 1922, Franz Selety, university-bred philosopher and self-educated physicist and cosmologist, developed a molecular hierarchical, spatially infinite, Newtonian cosmological model. His considerations were based on his earlier philosophical work published in 1914 as well as on the early correspondence with Einstein in 1917. Historically, the roots of hierarchical models can be seen in 18th century investigations by Thomas Wright of Durham, Immanuel Kant and Johann Heinrich Lambert. Those investigations were taken up by Edmund Fournier d'Albe and Carl Charlier at the beginning of the 20th century. Selety's cosmological model was criticized by Einstein mainly due to its spatial infiniteness which in Einstein's opinion seemed to contradict Mach's principle. This criticism sheds light on Einstein's conviction that with his first cosmological model, namely the static, spatially infinite, though unbounded Einstein Universe of 1917, the appropriate cosmological theory already had been established.

  11. The astronomer of the duchess -- Life and work of Franz Xaver von Zach 1754-1832. (German Title: Der Astronom der Herzogin -- Leben und Werk von Franz Xaver von Zach 1754-1832)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brosche, Peter

    The astronomer, geodesist, geographer and historian of science Franz Xaver von Zach (1754-1832) lived and worked in several European countries. Duke Ernst II of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg appointed him as the founding scientist of his Seeberg Observatory. This was the place of his strongest activity. Why should we have an interest in him today? There is a rational and an emotional answer. First, he has rendered organisational services to his sciences which are equivalent to a great scientific achievement. Second, Zach was a very colourful character, travelled across many states in a time of radical changes and had connections with many colleagues and public figures. Images from his life therefore provide outlooks, insights and relations.

  12. Temperature Control in a Franz Diffusion Cell Skin Sonoporation Setup

    Science.gov (United States)

    Robertson, Jeremy; Becker, Sid

    2017-11-01

    In vitro experimental studies that investigate ultrasound enhanced transdermal drug delivery employ Franz diffusion cells. Because of absorption, the temperature of the coupling fluid often increases drastically during the ultrasound application. The current methodologies for controlling the coupling fluid temperature require either replacement of the coupling fluid during the experiment or the application of a time consuming duty cycle. This paper introduces a novel method for temperature control that allows for a wide variety of coupling fluid temperatures to be maintained. This method employs a peristaltic pump to circulate the coupling fluid through a thermoelectric cooling device. This temperature control method allowed for an investigation into the role of coupling fluid temperature on the inertial cavitation that impacts the skin aperture (inertial cavitation is thought to be the main cause of ultrasound induced skin permeability increase). Both foil pitting and passive cavitation detection experiments indicated that effective inertial cavitation activity decreases with increasing coupling fluid temperature. This finding suggests that greater skin permeability enhancement can be achieved if a lower coupling fluid temperature is maintained during skin insonation.

  13. Standing in front of a closed door. Piotr Dumała’s Franz Kafka

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kamil Kościelski

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Directed by Piotr Dumala, Franz Kafka is a very unusual example of a biographical movie. The film is composed of carefully thought-out poetic images which, according to the director himself, reflect the “psychic landscape” of the title character. Thus scenes inspired by Kafka's life and his Diaries intertwine with episodes that refer to his literary works. Dumala shows deep understand-ing of the writer’s characteristic way of depicting reality and the unusual perspective of narration indicates his thorough knowledge of Kafka’s works. Dumala draws on this heritage and creates an emotional portrait of the writer, while at the same time providing a universal reflection on the human condition.

  14. Franz Kafka 3. 7. 1883 - 3. 6. 1924 - ein Bewohner des Zaubergs? - Ein Vortrag -

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hartmut Eggert

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available Com a interpretação dos seus textos o autor Franz Kafka muitas vezes é reduzido ao fantasma do criador de labirintos abstratos e absurdos universos burocráticos, mortalmente enfermo e golpeado por uma estrutura edipal sem solução. A palestra empreende a reintegração do escritor no panorama de vários contextos da modernidade no início do século XX, tais como: o movimento da reforma da vida, debates intelectuais, pesquisa acadêmica no campo de acidentes de trabalho, várias relações amorosas e o entusiasmo para novas invenções técnicas. Como resultado, o autor sustenta que se poderia imaginar Kafka perfeitamente na sociedade européia anterior à I Guessa, descrita por Thomas Mann no romance "A montanha mágica".

  15. The Berlin tradition in Chicago: Franz Alexander and the Chicago Institute for Psychoanalysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schmidt, Erika S

    2010-01-01

    Freud considered Franz Alexander, the first graduate of the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute and an assistant in the Berlin Polyclinic, to be "one of our strongest hopes for the future." Alexander went on to become the first director of the Chicago Institute for Psychoanalysis in 1932 and modeled some of the Chicago Institute's mission on his Berlin experiences. He was also a researcher in psychosomatic medicine, a prolific writer about psychoanalysis and prominent in psychoanalytic organizations. As he proposed modifications in psychoanalytic technique, he became a controversial figure, especially in the elaboration of his ideas about brief therapy and the corrective emotional experience. This paper puts Alexander's achievements in historical context, draws connections between the Berlin and Chicago Institutes and suggests that, despite his quarrels with traditional psychoanalysis, Alexander's legacy may be in his attitude towards psychoanalysis, characterized by a commitment to scientific study, a willingness to experiment, and a conviction about the role of psychoanalysis within the larger culture.

  16. Massenmedien und Versöhnung: Die Berichterstattung über den deutsch-französischen Friedensprozeß nach dem 2. Weltkrieg

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Susanne Jaeger

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available Der vorliegende Beitrag beinhaltet die ersten Ergebnisse einer Langzeitstudie, bei der flächendeckend die deutsche Nachkriegsberichterstattung über Frankreich von 1946 bis 1970 inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet wurde. Die Studie stützt sich dabei auf das Modell der Nachrichtenfaktoren von Johan Galtung, welche nach seiner Ansicht die Auswahl der Themen bestimmen, die zu einer Nachricht werden. Genau in diesen Selektionsroutinen liegt jedoch die implizite Gefahr, Konflikte zu vertiefen statt sie einzudämmen bzw. durch ein breites Verständnis der Hintergründe gewaltfrei bearbeitbar zu machen. Für die Zeit nach einem Krieg könnten sie Hindernisse auf dem Weg zur Annäherung und Aussöhnung ehemaliger Gegner darstellen. Wie jedoch sieht die Berichterstattung nach dem Krieg tatsächlich aus? Zeigen Massenmedien Bereitschaft zu einer veränderten Berichterstattung? Der Fall der französisch-deutschen Aussöhnung, welcher als Beispiel für einen gelungenen Aussöhnungsprozess gelten kann, belegt, dass Friedensprozesse von den Medien durchaus adäquat begleitet werden können: Z.B. ist der Anteil "positiver" Themen bzw. Berichterstattung konsistent höher als der "negativer", und der Anteil von Non-Elite-Themen steigt an und kündet von Interesse an französischer Lebensart und Kultur. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Negativismus in den Medien kein Naturgesetz ist, sondern überwunden werden kann, wenn Frieden und Versöhnung auf der Tagesordnung stehen.

  17. Dr. Franjo (Franz) Kresnik (1869-1943): a physician and a violin maker.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Skrobonja, Ante; Muzur, Amir

    2007-01-01

    Dr. Franjo (Franz) Kresnik (born Wien 1869 - died Rijeka 1943) was an excellent physician and a Central European intellectual, a bohemian mind whose two loves in life made him very special. His passions were medicine and violin making. Most of his life was spent in Susak (now a part of Rijeka, Croatia), where he worked, played music and studied the art of making stringed instruments. He visited Cremona on several occasions and studied a number of violins, drawings and tools made and used by old masters. For his profound knowledge of Cremonese violin making the Italians dubbed him "Uomo che legge violini" (The Man Who Can Read Violins). In his workshop he made fifty-two violins, two violas, two cellos and a string quartet. Some of these instruments are still played in Europe and America. The remaining violins and possessions (tools, manuscripts, drawings, literature and countless diplomas and certificates) have been kept in a memorial room at the Maritime and History Museum of the Croatian Littoral in Rijeka. In addition, a street near the Faculty of Medicine in Rijeka is named after Franjo Kresnik.

  18. Eine polizeiliche ‚Moral‘ der Demütigung. Nebeneffekte der ‚Kriminalitätsbekämpfung‘ in einem französischen Vorort

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mélina Germes

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Im Anschluss an eine langfristige ethnographische Beobachtung der Arbeit einer Brigade Anti-Criminalité (Einheit zur Kriminalitätsbekämpfung; im Folgenden: BAC in einem Pariser Vorort zwischen 2005 und 2007 hat der Anthropologe Didier Fassin im Jahr 2011 das Buch La force de l'ordre. Une anthropologie de la police des quartiers veröffentlicht, das zu einem Meilenstein in der französischen Polizeiforschung geworden ist und einen wichtigen Beitrag auch zur öffentlichen Debatte geleistet hat. Diese Debatte um das Polizieren der ,Viertelʼ beschäftigt sich mit den diskursiven, organisatorischen und alltagsweltlichen Hintergründen der Polizeiarbeitum wiederholte Identitätskontrollen, ethnischen Diskriminierung und exzessiver Gewaltanwendung zu beschreiben und einzuordnen. Ziel der Untersuchung Fassins in Kontext dieser Debatte ist es, die Polizeiarbeit in den ,Viertelnʼ zu begleiten, zu hinterfragen sowie zu erklären, was diese Polizeiarbeit über die französische Gesellschaft aussagt. Der für dieses Heft von s u b \\ u r b a n übersetzte Auszug aus dem vierten Kapitel seines Buches reflektiert den Begriff von ,Gewaltʼ (zu weiteren Begriffserläuterung vgl. den Textauszug von Fassin in Bezug auf die Polizeiarbeit und unterscheidet zwischen physischer, körperlicher Gewalt und unsichtbaren Formen von psychischer und verbaler Gewalt.  

  19. Vigencia de la filosofía de Kant en dos expresiones actuales de la inteligencia filosófica en América Latina: Arturo Andrés Roig y Franz J. Hinkelammert The Force of Kant's Philosophy in Two Present Expressions of the Philosophical Intelligence in Latin America: Arturo Andrés Roig y Franz J. Hinkelammert

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yamandú Acosta

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available Al cumplirse doscientos años de la muerte de Immanuel Kant 2004, considerar la vigencia de su pensamiento filosófico, se constituyó en un imperativo categórico, para quienes nos inscribimos en la tradición de la filosofía occidental. En cumplimiento del mismo, el texto que se presenta se ocupa de la vigencia de la filosofía del filósofo de Königsberg a través de la consideración de dos expresiones de la inteligencia filosófica en América Latina: Arturo Andrés Roig (Mendoza, Argentina, 1922 y Franz J. Hinkelammert (Emsdetten, Alemania,1931. Los programas de investigación en curso de los dos autores elegidos, en el abordaje y desarrollo de distintos tópicos, proceden argumentativamente desde, contra y más allá de Kant, exhibiendo una singular vigencia de su filosofía al interior de los mismos. En el pensamiento de Arturo Andrés Roig, los tópicos de referencia que se consideran son: la normatividad del pensamiento filosófico, la filosofía de la historia, la fundamentación de una moral emergente y la fundamentación de una estética motivacional. De la producción teórica de Franz J. Hinkelammert, se presentan: la crítica a la razón utópica y el realismo político, la crítica trascendental de los marcos categoriales de los pensamientos sociales, la trascendentalidad del sujeto y el problema del universalismo ético en la tensión entre la ética de la responsabilidad y la ética de principios. Surge de la consideración de los asuntos enumerados, que en relación al universalismo abstracto de Kant, estos dos exponentes de la inteligencia filosófica en América Latina, convergen en la fundamentación de un universalismo concreto.Currency of Kant's philosophy in two recent expressions of the philosophical intelligence in Latin America: Arturo Andrés Roig and Franz J. Hinkelammert. When it is twohundred years of Immanuel Kant´s death (2004, to consider the currency of his philosophical thought means a categorial must

  20. Contrasting medial moraine development at adjacent temperate, maritime glaciers: Fox and Franz Josef Glaciers, South Westland, New Zealand

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brook, Martin; Hagg, Wilfried; Winkler, Stefan

    2017-08-01

    Medial moraines form important pathways for sediment transportation in valley glaciers. Despite the existence of well-defined medial moraines on several glaciers in the New Zealand Southern Alps, medial moraines there have hitherto escaped attention. The evolving morphology and debris content of medial moraines on Franz Josef Glacier and Fox Glacier on the western flank of the Southern Alps is the focus of this study. These temperate maritime glaciers exhibit accumulation zones of multiple basins that feed narrow tongues flowing down steep valleys and terminate 400 m above sea level. The medial moraines at both glaciers become very prominent in the lower ablation zones, where the medial moraines widen, and develop steeper flanks coeval with an increase in relative relief. Medial moraine growth appears somewhat self-limiting in that relief and slope angle increase eventually lead to transport of debris away from the medial moraine by mass-movement-related processes. Despite similarities in overall morphologies, a key contrast in medial moraine formation exists between the two glaciers. At Fox Glacier, the medial moraine consists of angular rockfall-derived debris, folded to varying degrees along flow-parallel axes throughout the tongue. The debris originates above the ELA, coalesces at flow-unit boundaries, and takes a medium/high level transport pathway before subsequently emerging at point-sources aligned with gently dipping fold hinges near the snout. In contrast at Franz Josef Glacier, the medial moraine emerges farther down-glacier immediately below a prominent rock knob. Clasts show a mix of angular to rounded shapes representing high level transport and subglacially transported materials, the latter facies possibly also elevated by supraglacial routing of subglacial meltwater. Our observations confirm that a variety of different debris sources, transport pathways, and structural glaciological processes can interact to form medial moraines within New Zealand

  1. Franz Joseph Gall and music: the faculty and the bump.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Eling, Paul; Finger, Stanley; Whitaker, Harry

    2015-01-01

    The traditional story maintains that Franz Joseph Gall's (1758-1828) scientific program began with his observations of schoolmates with bulging eyes and good verbal memories. But his search to understand human nature, in particular individual differences in capacities, passions, and tendencies, can also be traced to other important observations, one being of a young girl with an exceptional talent for music. Rejecting contemporary notions of cognition, Gall concluded that behavior results from the interaction of a limited set of basic faculties, each with its own processes for perception and memory, each with its own territory in both cerebral or cerebellar cortices. Gall identified 27 faculties, one being the sense of tone relations or music. The description of the latter is identical in both his Anatomie et Physiologie and Sur les Fonctions du Cerveau et sur Celles de Chacune de ses Parties, where he provided positive and negative evidences and discussed findings from humans and lower animals, for the faculty. The localization of the cortical faculty for talented musicians, he explained, is demonstrated by a "bump" on each side of the skull just above the angle of the eye; hence, the lower forehead of musicians is broader or squarer than in other individuals. Additionally, differences between singing and nonsinging birds also correlate with cranial features. Gall even brought age, racial, and national differences into the picture. What he wrote about music reveals much about his science and creative thinking. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  2. Wiedemann-Franz ratio in high-pressure and low-temperature thermal xenon plasma with 10% caesium

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Novakovic, N.V.; Milic, B.S.; Stojilkovic, S.M.

    1995-01-01

    Theoretical investigations of various transport properties of low-temperature noble-gas plasmas with additives has aroused a continuous interest over a considerable spall of time, due to numerous applications. In this paper the results of a theoretical evaluation of electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and their ratio (the Wiedemann-Franz ratio) in xenon plasma with 10% of argon and 10% of caesium are presented, for the temperature range from 2000 K to 20000 K, and for pressures equal to or 5, 10, and 15 time higher than the normal atmospheric pressure. The plasma was regarded as weakly non-ideal and in the state of local thermodynamical equilibrium with the assumption that the equilibrium is attained with the pressure kept constant. The plasma composition was determined on the ground of a set of Saha equations; the ionization energy lowerings were expressed with the aid of a modified plasma Debye radius r* D (rather than the standard r D ), as proposed previously

  3. Nopcsa, Baron Franz. 2014. Traveler, Scholar, Politician, Adventurer – A Transylvanian Baron at the Birth of Albanian Independence (ed. and trans. from German Robert Elsie. Budapest: Central European University Press. 227 pp.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Mandler

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Nopcsa, Baron Franz. 2014. Traveler, Scholar, Politician, Adventurer – A Transylvanian Baron at the Birth of Albanian Independence (ed. and trans. from German Robert Elsie. Budapest: Central European University Press. 227 pp.  Reviewed by David Mandler, Independent Scholar

  4. Comparative study of silver nanoparticle permeation using Side-Bi-Side and Franz diffusion cells

    Science.gov (United States)

    Trbojevich, Raul A.; Fernandez, Avelina; Watanabe, Fumiya; Mustafa, Thikra; Bryant, Matthew S.

    2016-03-01

    Better understanding the mechanisms of nanoparticle permeation through membranes and packaging polymers has important implications for the evaluation of drug transdermal uptake, in food safety and the environmental implications of nanotechnology. In this study, permeation of 21 nm diameter silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was tested using Side-Bi-Side and Franz static diffusion cells through hydrophilic 0.1 and 0.05 µm pore diameter 125 µm thick synthetic cellulose membranes, and 16 and 120 µm thick low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films. Experiments performed with LDPE films discarded permeation of AgNPs or Ag ions over the investigated time-frame in both diffusion systems. But controlled release of AgNPs has been quantified using semipermeable hydrophilic membranes. The permeation followed a quasi-linear time-dependent model during the experimental time-frame, which represents surface reaction-limited permeation. Diffusive flux, diffusion coefficients, and membrane permeability were determined as a function of pore size and diffusion model. Concentration gradient and pore size were key to understand mass transfer phenomena in the diffusion systems.

  5. Comparative study of silver nanoparticle permeation using Side-Bi-Side and Franz diffusion cells

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Trbojevich, Raul A.; Fernandez, Avelina; Watanabe, Fumiya; Mustafa, Thikra; Bryant, Matthew S.

    2016-01-01

    Better understanding the mechanisms of nanoparticle permeation through membranes and packaging polymers has important implications for the evaluation of drug transdermal uptake, in food safety and the environmental implications of nanotechnology. In this study, permeation of 21 nm diameter silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was tested using Side-Bi-Side and Franz static diffusion cells through hydrophilic 0.1 and 0.05 µm pore diameter 125 µm thick synthetic cellulose membranes, and 16 and 120 µm thick low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films. Experiments performed with LDPE films discarded permeation of AgNPs or Ag ions over the investigated time-frame in both diffusion systems. But controlled release of AgNPs has been quantified using semipermeable hydrophilic membranes. The permeation followed a quasi-linear time-dependent model during the experimental time-frame, which represents surface reaction-limited permeation. Diffusive flux, diffusion coefficients, and membrane permeability were determined as a function of pore size and diffusion model. Concentration gradient and pore size were key to understand mass transfer phenomena in the diffusion systems.Graphical Abstract

  6. Comparative study of silver nanoparticle permeation using Side-Bi-Side and Franz diffusion cells

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Trbojevich, Raul A. [U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (United States); Fernandez, Avelina, E-mail: velifdez@ific.uv.es [Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat de València, Parc Científic, Instituto de Física Corpuscular (Spain); Watanabe, Fumiya; Mustafa, Thikra [University Arkansas at Little Rock, Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences (United States); Bryant, Matthew S. [U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (United States)

    2016-03-15

    Better understanding the mechanisms of nanoparticle permeation through membranes and packaging polymers has important implications for the evaluation of drug transdermal uptake, in food safety and the environmental implications of nanotechnology. In this study, permeation of 21 nm diameter silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was tested using Side-Bi-Side and Franz static diffusion cells through hydrophilic 0.1 and 0.05 µm pore diameter 125 µm thick synthetic cellulose membranes, and 16 and 120 µm thick low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films. Experiments performed with LDPE films discarded permeation of AgNPs or Ag ions over the investigated time-frame in both diffusion systems. But controlled release of AgNPs has been quantified using semipermeable hydrophilic membranes. The permeation followed a quasi-linear time-dependent model during the experimental time-frame, which represents surface reaction-limited permeation. Diffusive flux, diffusion coefficients, and membrane permeability were determined as a function of pore size and diffusion model. Concentration gradient and pore size were key to understand mass transfer phenomena in the diffusion systems.Graphical Abstract.

  7. Hock, Beáta. 2013. Gendered Artistic Positions and Social Voices - Politics, Cinema and the Visual Arts in State-Socialist and Post-Socialist Hungary. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. 284 pp. illus.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lilla Tőke

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Hock, Beáta. 2013. Gendered Artistic Positions and Social Voices - Politics, Cinema and the Visual Arts in State-Socialist and Post-Socialist Hungary. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. 284 pp. illus. Reviewed by Lilla Tőke, Assistant Professor, City University of New York, LaGuardia Community College

  8. In tyrannos! Political Theology and “messianic difference” in Franz Rosenzweig’s New Thinking

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roberto Navarrete

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available This paper deals with an elucidation of the theologico-political implications of Franz Rosenzweig’s relational conception of time in his work The Star of Redemption, the peculiarity of which expresses the concept “messianic difference”. Considered from the standpoint of the secularization debate, this messianic temporality offers a response to the verification of the Hegelian assembly of political philosophy and philosophy of history which, according to Rosenzweig, First World War represented. The consequent political disappointment experienced by the author of Hegel und der Staat led him to the pursuit of a Neues Denken determined by the ontological primacy of time as well as the unbreakable relationship which Rosenzweig established between “temporality” and “otherness”. Taking as terminus a quo the anthropological distinction between “personality” and “self”, i. e. between “ethics” and “metaethics”, that Rosenzweig presents in The Star, I will finally attempt to explore the various modes of temporalization that, depending on the relation to the temporalization of God and the world, are possible for the Rosenzweigian Self, as well as their related theologico-political aftermaths.

  9. As contribuições de Jacob Burckhardt ao Manual de História da Arte de Franz Kugler (1848

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cássio da Silva Fernandes

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Entre junho e setembro de 1847, o historiador suíço Jacob Burckhardt (1818-1897 trabalhou em Berlim como assistente de seu ex-professor, Franz Kugler (1808-1858, na segunda edição, revista e ampliada, do Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte de 1848. Esta obra era parte do amplo estudo histórico-artístico, iniciado por Kugler na década de 1830, que simbolizou o nascimento da moderna história universal da arte em língua alemã. No que se refere a Burckhardt, a participação no Manual de História da Arte deixou transparecer elementos de sua futura descoberta historiográfica: a Renascença italiana. Buscaremos, nas infinitas linhas da segunda edição do manual de Kugler, os traços da pena de Burckhardt, onde cintilam dois componentes:de um lado, a arte como expressão fundamental para o entendimento histórico; de outro, a passagem que conduz da Idade Média ao Renascimento e o papel da Itália nessa transformação.Between June and September of 1847, Swiss historian Jacob Burckhardt (1818-1897 worked in Berlin as an assistant tom his former professor, Franz Kugler (1808-1858, in the second edition, revised and amplified, of Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte of 1848. This work was part of a broad historic-artistic study, started by Kugler in the 1830s.This study symbolized the birth of the modern universal art history in the German language. Related to Burckhardt, the participation in the History of Art Manual let elements of his future historiographical discovery appear: the Italian Renascence. We will try to get, therefore, in the infinite lines of the second edition of Kugler's manual, the traces of Burckhardt's words. In such traces, two components scintillate: on one side, the art as fundamental expression for the historical understanding; on the other, the passage that leads from Middle Age to Renascence and Italy's role in this transformation.

  10. Evaluation of the Percutaneous Absorption of Ketamine HCl, Gabapentin, Clonidine HCl, and Baclofen, in Compounded Transdermal Pain Formulations, Using the Franz Finite Dose Model.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bassani, August S; Banov, Daniel

    2016-02-01

    This study evaluates the ability of four commonly used analgesics (ketamine HCl, gabapentin, clonidine HCl, and baclofen), when incorporated into two transdermal compounding bases, Lipoderm and Lipoderm ActiveMax, to penetrate human cadaver trunk skin in vitro, using the Franz finite dose model. In vitro experimental study. Methods. Ketamine HCl 5% w/w, gabapentin 10% w/w, clonidine HCl 0.2% w/w, and baclofen 2% w/w were compounded into two transdermal bases, Lipoderm and Lipoderm ActiveMax. Each compounded drug formulation was tested on skin from three different donors and three replicate skin sections per donor. The Franz finite dose model was used in this study to evaluate the percutaneous absorption and distribution of drugs within each formulation. Rapid penetration to peak flux was detected for gabapentin and baclofen at approximately 1 hour after application. Clonidine HCl also had a rapid penetration to peak flux occurring approximately 1 hour after application and had a secondary peak at approximately 40 hours. Ketamine HCl exhibited higher overall absorption rates than the other drugs, and peaked at 6–10 hours. Similar patterns of drug distribution within the skin were also observed using both transdermal bases. This study suggests that the combination of these 4 analgesic drugs can be successfully delivered transdermally, using either Lipoderm or Lipoderm ActiveMax. Compounded transdermal drug preparations may then provide physicians with an alternative to traditional oral pain management regimens that can be personalized to the specific patient with the potential for enhanced pain control.

  11. Analytical formulation for modulation of time-resolved dynamical Franz-Keldysh effect by electron excitation in dielectrics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Otobe, T.

    2017-12-01

    Analytical formulation of subcycle modulation (SCM) of dielectrics including electron excitation is presented. The SCM is sensitive to not only the time-resolved dynamical Franz-Keldysh effect (Tr-DFKE) [T. Otobe et al., Phys. Rev. B 93, 045124 (2016), 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.045124], which is the nonlinear response without the electron excitation, but also the excited electrons. The excited electrons enhance the modulation with even harmonics of pump laser frequency, and generate the odd-harmonics components. The new aspect of SCM is a consequence of (i) the interference between the electrons excited by the pump laser and those excited by the probe-pulse laser and (ii) oscillation of the generated wave packed by the pump laser. When the probe- and pump-pulse polarizations are parallel, the enhancement of the even harmonics and the generation of the odd-harmonics modulation appear. However, if the polarizations are orthogonal, the effect arising from the electron excitations becomes weak. By comparing the parabolic and cosine band models, I found that the electrons under the intense laser field move as quasifree particles.

  12. Permeation measurement of gestodene for some biodegradable materials using Franz diffusion cells.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Danhua; Zhang, Chong; Zhang, Xiaowei; Zhen, Zhu; Wang, Ping; Li, Jianxin; Yi, Dongxu; Jin, Ying; Yang, Dan

    2015-09-01

    Biodegradable poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA), Poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC), polycaprolactone (PCL), poly(caprolactone-co-d,l-lactide) (PCDLLA) and poly(trimethylene carbonate-co-caprolactone) (PTCL) are recently used for clinical drug delivery system such as subcutaneous contraceptive implant capsule due to their biodegradable properties that they could possess long-term stable performance in vivo without removal, however their permeation rate is unknown. In the work, biodegradable material membranes were prepared by solvent evaporation using chloroform, and commercial silicone rubber membrane served as a control. Gestodene was used as a model drug. Gestodene has high biologic progestational activity which allows for high contraceptive reliability at very low-dose levels. The permeation rate of gestodene for several biodegradable materials was evaluated. In vitro diffusion studies were done using Franz diffusion cells with a diffusion area of 1.33 cm(2). Phosphate buffer solution (PBS, pH 7.4), 10% methanol solution and distilled water were taken in donor and receiver chambers at temperature of 37 °C respectively. The in vitro experiments were conducted over a period of 24 h during which samples were collected at regular intervals. The withdrawn samples were appropriately diluted and measured on UV-vis spectrophotometer at 247 nm. Conclusion data from our study showed that permeation rate of PCDLLA with CL ratio more than 70% could be more excellent than commercial silicone rubber membrane. They may be suitable as a candidate carrier for gestodene subcutaneous contraceptive implants in contraceptive fields.

  13. Wandering Motive and Its Appeal on Reluctantly Wandering Franz Schubert

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    Dragana Jeremić-Molnar

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Franz Schubert was not generous in commenting his own creative procedures, or in revealing his artistic inspirations. Therefore, it is even today not clear why Wilhelm Müller’s collection of poems entitled Winter journey attracted Schubert so strongly that he was so determined to set it as a whole to the music. In this article the author mentions, and rejects as well, couple of commonly accepted interpretations. The path to the lieder cycle Winter journey was paved neither by Schubert’s identification with the main character – outcast overwhelmed by desperation and anticipation of the approaching death – and his strange ways of experiencing the world; neither by composer’s acceptance of impious beliefs hidden in Müller’s poems. The author argues that both poet and composer of Winter journey shared the affinity for the wandering (and wanderer motive which was one of the central topics in the rising romantic Weltanschauung. Schubert was dealing with this motive from 1815 until his death mainly in his lieder, sometimes in very complex manner. In order to understand the real nature of Schubert’s artistic rapprochement to the motive of wandering, the author was obliged to consider and, at the first place, evaluate the works of scholars (such as Theodor Adorno, David Gramit, and Jeffrey Perry who have been dealing with this problem. After that the author focuses her attention to the narrative entitled My dream, the most extensive and enigmatic writing left behind Schubert; she analyses the role of wandering in it, arguing that Schubert was participating in the spiritual currents of his time even unconsciously and trying to adapt them in order to serve as the solutions to his own existent ional dilemmas. Finally, she concludes that the composer was very sensitive for the complexity of the phenomena of wandering, when romantic Weltanschauung was at its peak, and eager to come to terms with this complexity artistically, paying the most

  14. Obituary: Alexander (Andy) Franz Lubenow, 1956-2005

    Science.gov (United States)

    Buie, Marc William

    2006-12-01

    Alexander (Andy) Franz Lubenow, Program Coordinator at the Space Telescope Science Institute, was diagnosed with cancer of the gallbladder, pancreas, and liver in May 2005 and died on 29 September 2005. He was forty-nine. Andy was born to Bodo and Helen Lubenow in St. Paul, Minnesota on 4 January 1956. In 1964 at the age of eight, he moved with his family to Buenos Aires, Argentina, and attended the American Community School there until returning with his family in 1973 to St. Paul. Argentina had a big impact on Andy's future as an astronomer. He later recalled how he had observed and was puzzled by the "upside-down" appearance of the Moon in the southern hemisphere. In Argentina, he built his first telescope using a mirror he had ground himself. He never parted ways with that instrument. Andy did not follow a standard educational track. He spent two years at St. Olaf College in Northfield, Minnesota, before transferring to the University of Minnesota, where he earned his bachelor's degree and began work towards a master's degree in astrophysics. Later he transferred to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he remained until Dr. Peter Stockman hired him to work on the Hubble Space Telescope project. While in school, he worked as a teacher's assistant, taught night school, and gave demonstrations of stargazing. He was an excellent teacher and had a flair for writing. He later wrote articles for a sailing magazine and a pilot's magazine. Andy was a very practical, meticulous, and steady worker, attributes that he combined with an understated and dry sense of humor. He was always able to find a way through a problem, no matter how sticky. If a job required him to roll up his sleeves and get it done through hard work, he would persevere. Nevertheless, he was always on the lookout for an easier way. He had no patience for being forced to deal with stupid things for stupid reasons. At work at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), Andy was

  15. Franz Josef Land: extreme northern outpost for Arctic fishes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Natalia V. Chernova

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available The remote Franz Josef Land (FJL Archipelago is the most northerly land in Eurasia and its fish fauna, particularly in nearshore habitats, has been poorly studied. An interdisciplinary expedition to FJL in summer 2013 used scuba, seines, and plankton nets to comprehensively study the nearshore fish fauna of the archipelago. We present some of the first underwater images for many of these species in their natural habitats. In addition, deep water drop cameras were deployed between 32 and 392 m to document the fish fauna and their associated habitats at deeper depths. Due to its high latitude (79°–82°N, extensive ice cover, and low water temperatures (<0 °C much of the year, the fish diversity at FJL is low compared to other areas of the Barents Sea. Sixteen species of fishes from seven families were documented on the expedition, including two species previously unknown to the region. One Greenland shark, Somniosus microcephalus (Somniosidae, ca. 2 m in length, was recorded by drop camera near Hayes Island at 211 m, and Esipov’s pout, Gymnelus esipovi (Zoarcidae, was collected at Wilton Island at 15 m in a kelp forest. Including the tape-body pout, Gymnelus taeniatus, described earlier from the sub-littoral zone of Kuhn Island, 17 fish species are now known from FJL’s nearshore waters. Species endemic to the Arctic accounted for 75% of the nearshore species observed, followed by species with wider ranges. A total of 43 species from 15 families are known from FJL with the majority of the records from offshore trawl surveys between 110 and 620 m. Resident species have mainly high Arctic distributions, while transient species visit the archipelago to feed (e.g., Greenland shark, and others are brought by currents as larvae and later migrate to spawn grounds in the south (e.g., Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, Capelin Mallotus villosus, Beaked redfish Sebastes mentella. Another species group includes warmer-water fishes that are rare waifs (e

  16. Intentionality, ethology and education: the approaches between John Stuart Mill and Franz Brentano

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    Evandro Oliveira de Brito

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available The point of this paper is to present the historical introduction of the notion of intentionality as it occurred in the context of philosophical and scientific research on the ethology, namely the science of the formation of character. My argumentative strategy will be to maintain that both John Stuart Mill, in his work Logic of the Moral Sciences, and Franz Brentano, in his work Psychology from an Empirical Stand Point, explicitly agreed that psychology would be the science of elementary laws of mind and Ethology would be the science that correspond to art education in the broadest sense. So at first, I will analyze the converging points of both theories and, second, I will argue that the fundamental difference between the Psychologies of Mill and Brentano was the fact that Brentano's thesis did not recognize the fundamental Millian’s assumption, i.e., the assumption that the causal relationship between psychic’s phenomenon should be the Psychology object of study, from which the psychics’ law would be established. My analysis intend to demonstrate that, for Brentano, the psychical phenomenon while matter of study of Psychology, is itself the fundamental relation between physical phenomenon and psychic phenomenon. This fundamental relation would be characterized by its intentional nature, which made explicit the description of physical phenomenon as the content or the object of the psychic phenomenon. The consequence of this brentanian's thesis imply that the theoretical basis of Ethology also result from the investigation of the intentional nature of the psychic phenomenon.

  17. Formulation and evaluation of sublingual delivery of piroxicam using thermosensitive polymer with an inverted Franz diffusion cell.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sivaraman, Arunprasad; Banga, Ajay K

    2016-01-01

    The aim of the study was to prepare a sublingual formulation for piroxicam using a thermosensitive polymer and to evaluate its permeation through porcine sublingual mucosa. Formulation technique utilized the transition property of poloxamer from solution state at room temperature to gel state at oromucosal temperature (37 °C). The permeation of the drug was evaluated using an inverted Franz diffusion cell technique that allowed the dosage form to be directly applied onto the substrate with required volume of saliva. The formulation was characterized for microscopy of the piroxicam crystals, sol-gel transition property and in-vitro diffusion study. Poloxamer-based formulation enhanced solubility and increased permeability of the piroxicam. Poloxamer formulation with 0.1% w/w piroxicam delivered a cumulative amount of 11.99 ± 7.82 and 11.23 ± 1.79 μg/cm(2), while non-poloxamer formulation delivered 3.57 ± 2.20 and 4.60 ± 6.90 μg/cm(2) with 0.1 and 0.5 ml artificial saliva, respectively, through porcine sublingual tissue in 6 h. A similar delivery profile was observed for 0.05% w/w piroxicam formulation as well. © 2015 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.

  18. ["As we're not willing to hang and behead and not able to deport...". On Emil Kraepelin's influence on Franz von Liszt].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schmidt-Recla, A; Steinberg, H

    2008-03-01

    Emil Kraepelin started his scientific career with a pamphlet demanding complete restructure of German penal law. It is well known that Kraepelin was a recipient of Cesare Lombroso's theses on degeneration and atavism. Therefore his demand for a correctional law completely replacing penal law is easily understood. Still undiscussed however is the question of whether Kraepelin's brochure had a decisive effect on German criminal law, especially on the so-called Marburg Program of Franz von Liszt, still viewed as the first emergence of modern criminal law and policies in Germany. Examination of this shows that despite major theoretical faults, Kraepelin came to conclusions that correspond remarkably with von Liszt's. Special focus should be directed on the psychologist Wilhelm Wundt, who criticised Kraepelin's juridical attempt in a very kind yet fundamental way, and on the relationship that existed between Kraepelin and von Liszt.

  19. THE CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUE OF CROWNING IN CROATIANHUNGARIAN LAW (THE 150TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE EMPEROR FRANZ JOSEPH I CORONATION FOR THE KING OF HUNGARY AND CROATIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    László Heka

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available This year marks the 150th anniversary of the Coronation of Franz Joseph l as the King of Hungary and Croatia which was marked by the Hungarian side as the condition of reconciliation with Vienna and the conclusion of the Austro-Hungarian settlement. This compromise between Austria and Hungary has served as a template for a yearlong Croatian-Hungarian settlement in many segments. With these two settlements, the Hungarians settled their relations with the court and with the Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia, with whom Hungary had been in the state community since 1102. This event marked the end of a long-standing conflict with Austria, and the Croatian issue was removed from the agenda in Budapest and Vienna. In the course of eight centuries of the common statehood, the Coronation was one of the pivotal constitutional questions. The act of the Coronation, which gave the King legitimacy, consisted of the church ritual (anointing and the secular part manifested in taking the oath, and it had a public character and meaning. The latter was reflected in the fact that the crown oath and crown vow (the diplomas of inauguration were considered the contract between the people and the King, and therefore the Crown Defender had a constitutional character. The King got his legitimacy only if he was crowned with the crown of St. Stephen (the Holy Crown, so Franz Joseph l became the Hungarian and Croatian King only after the crowning in Buda. Since the palatine function was incomplete at the time, Hungary had to be represented by Count Gyula Andrassy, who was then the president of the government. After the King’s death in 1916, during the last royal Coronation, a political-legal debate was raised about whether Hungary should be represented by the Prime Minister or other person on behalf of the people.

  20. Die Position des Rätoromanischen und seine Beziehungen zum Deutschen, Französischen und Italienischen

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roland Bauer

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Die Dialektometrie (DM ist eine induktive Methode, die es erlaubt, in Massendaten versteckte Oberflächenmuster und Tiefenstrukturen zu entdecken und mittels multipler, computergestützter Visualisierungen sicht- und damit auch interpretierbar zu machen. So bietet die DM u.a. eine Reihe von Möglichkeiten, Relationen zwischen den untersuchten Objekten (das sind in der Regel alle in einem Sprachatlas datenseitig abgebildeten Dialekte aufzudeckenund kartographisch in verschiedenster Form zu modellieren, um solcherart u.a. die Position einzelner Dialekte bzw. Geotypen im gesamten Beobachtungsraum näher bestimmen zu können. In diesem Zusammenhang hat es sich als durchaus nützlich erwiesen, zusätzliche Vergleichspunkte mit akrolektalen, also auf Standard- bzw. Hochsprachen bezogene Datenserien einzubauen. Im vorliegenden Fall konnten solcherart wechselseitige, je nach innerlinguistischer Ausrichtung der gewählten Corpora unterschiedlich ausgerichtete Einflüsse der Großsprachen Französisch und Italienisch auf die oberitalienische Dialektlandschaft sowie auf die drei Mitglieder der Sprachfamilie Rätoromanisch (nach Gartner 1883 bzw. ladino (nach Ascoli 1873 aufgezeigt werden. Dem Sprachkontakt aller genannten Idiome mit dem Deutschen konnte hingegen sowohl über die Visualisierung der relativen Präsenz von Germanismen mittels einer Dichtekarte als auch über eine gesonderte dialektometrische Ähnlichkeitskartierung nachgegangen werden, wobei interessante Einblicke in die von verschiedenen Substrat- und Adstratwirkungen abhängige, z.T. deutlich divergente Bewirtschaftung der rätoromanischen Teilräume gewonnen werden konnten.

  1. La música de Franz Joseph Haydn en España: recopilación, catalogación e interpretación de las fuentes musicales conservadas en Madrid hasta 1833

    OpenAIRE

    Montero García, María del Rosario

    2013-01-01

    La música de Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) fue adquirida e interpretada en España durante su vida. Prueba de esto es la existencia de un abundante número de impresos y copias manuscritas de obras musicales suyas dispersas por toda la geografía española, así como las frecuentes alusiones al compositor austriaco en fuentes españolas hemerográficas, teóricas, literarias y epistolares. Dichas fuentes muestran que la música de Haydn gozó de gran prestigio, incluso años después de su muerte, reper...

  2. "Peintre de Sa Majesté Britannique". Franz Adolph of Freenthal and his portrait of Maximilian Hamilton, Prince-Bishop of Olomouc

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Suchánek, Pavel

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available This essay examines the portrait of Maximilian von Hamilton (1714-1776, the last Prince-Bishop of Olomouc/Olmütz, painted between 1769 and 1772 by Franz Adolph of Freenthal (1721-1773, a former painter to the British royal court. The study focuses in turn on three visual motifs in Hamilton's portrait: the rhetorical gestures of the sitter, his attire and the way he is depicted, and the form of presentation and the function of the painting in the ceremonial space of the princely residence. In examining each of these motifs, account is taken of the specific visual conventions applied in this genre, and of the contemporary rules of visual rhetoric. By referencing the classical motif of modesty and moderation from antiquity, Adolph underlined the importance of the ideal of antiquity and with it "natural" speech and behaviour. He attempted to express the spirit of antiquity by comparing contemporary clothing and rhetorical gestures to those of the orators or other public figures of antiquity. In a similar way to contemporary British painters, he thus referenced models taken from antiquity, with the aim of evoking a noble past and representing the ideal of the virtue of antiquity.

  3. ‘Nicht jüdeln’: Jews and Habsburg Loyalty in Franz Theodor Csokor’s Dritter November 1918

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lisa Silverman

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available This article argues that Franz Theodor Csokor’s three-act drama, Dritter November 1918: Ende der Armee Österreich-Ungarns (Third of November 1918: End of the Army in Austria-Hungary reveals how Jewish difference played an important—if often unrecognized—role in the shaping the terms of Austrian patriotism in the years leading up to 1938. Portrayals of Habsburg loyalty as “Jewish” or “not Jewish” helped articulate how nostalgia for Austria-Hungary would figure in a new sense of Austrianness, a project that took on even more urgency under the authoritarian censors of the Ständestaat. While the play’s portrayal of a Jewish doctor as level-headed, peace-loving, and caring countered some egregious antisemitic stereotypes about disloyal and sexually perverted Jews, it also suggested that Jews were overly rational, lacking in emotional depth, and, ultimately, unable to embody a new Catholic, spiritual, Austrian patriotic ideal. Considered in its broader political context, and along with Csokor’s earlier unpublished drama Gesetz, the play reveals how labelling Habsburg loyalty as Jewish helped to clarify and critique the nature of what it meant to be Austrian under an authoritarian regime that promoted a pro-Catholic, anti-Nazi vision of Austrian patriotism. It also offers a prime example of how even anti-antisemitic authors like Csokor perpetuated negative stereotypes about Jews, even as they aimed to present them in a more positive light.

  4. A second perspective on the Amann–Schmiedl–Seifert criterion for non-equilibrium in a three-state system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jia, Chen; Chen, Yong

    2015-01-01

    In the work of Amann, Schmiedl and Seifert (2010 J. Chem. Phys. 132 041102), the authors derived a sufficient criterion to identify a non-equilibrium steady state (NESS) in a three-state Markov system based on the coarse-grained information of two-state trajectories. In this paper, we present a mathematical derivation and provide a probabilistic interpretation of the Amann–Schmiedl–Seifert (ASS) criterion. Moreover, the ASS criterion is compared with some other criterions for a NESS. (paper)

  5. 3D high resolution tracking of ice flow using mutli-temporal stereo satellite imagery, Franz Josef Glacier, New Zealand

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leprince, S.; Lin, J.; Ayoub, F.; Herman, F.; Avouac, J.

    2013-12-01

    We present the latest capabilities added to the Co-Registration of Optically Sensed Images and Correlation (COSI-Corr) software, which aim at analyzing time-series of stereoscopic imagery to document 3D variations of the ground surface. We review the processing chain and present the new and improved modules for satellite pushbroom imagery, in particular the N-image bundle block adjustment to jointly optimize the viewing geometry of multiple acquisitions, the improved multi-scale image matching based on Semi-Global Matching (SGM) to extract high resolution topography, and the triangulation of multi-temporal disparity maps to derive 3D ground motion. In particular, processes are optimized to run on a cluster computing environment. This new suite of algorithms is applied to the study of Worldview stereo imagery above the Franz Josef, Fox, and Tasman Glaciers, New Zealand, acquired on 01/30/2013, 02/09/2013, and 02/28/2013. We derive high resolution (1m post-spacing) maps of ice flow in three dimensions, where ice velocities of up to 4 m/day are recorded. Images were collected in early summer during a dry and sunny period, which followed two weeks of unsettled weather with several heavy rainfall events across the Southern Alps. The 3D tracking of ice flow highlights the surface response of the glaciers to changes in effective pressure at the ice-bedrock interface due to heavy rainfall, at an unprecedented spatial resolution.

  6. Review: Franz Breuer with Assistance of Barbara Dieris and Antje Lettau (2009. Reflexive Grounded Theory. Eine Einführung für die Forschungspraxis [Reflexive Grounded Theory: An Introduction to Research Praxis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Da Rin

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available This textbook by Franz BREUER, produced with the assistance of Barbara DIERIS and Antje LETTAU, is of interest more for the introduction it provides to reflexive research praxis than to grounded theory methodology. This means the subjectivity of the researcher is included in the research process as a decisive source of cognition. Reflexive grounded theory methodology is characterized by three elements that also structure the textbook. In the present review, I focus on two of these in detail: the approach to the research field based on ethnography, particular its epistemological prerequisites, and the inclusion of (self- reflexivity. The latter points to questions that are addressed at the end of this review. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1002140

  7. Eugenics ideals, racial hygiene, and the emigration process of German-American neurogeneticist Franz Josef Kallmann (1897-1965).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pow, Stephen; Stahnisch, Frank W

    2016-01-01

    Biological psychiatry in the early twentieth century was based on interrelated disciplines, such as neurology and experimental biology. Neuropsychiatrist Franz Josef Kallmann (1897-1965) was a product of this interdisciplinary background who showed an ability to adapt to different scientific contexts, first in the field of neuromorphology in Berlin, and later in New York. Nonetheless, having innovative ideas, as Kallmann did, could be an ambiguous advantage, since they could lead to incommensurable scientific views and marginalization in existing research programs. Kallmann followed his Dr. Med. degree (1919) with training periods at the Charité Medical School in Berlin under psychiatrist Karl Bonhoeffer (1868-1948). Subsequently, he collaborated with Ernst Ruedin (1874-1952), investigating sibling inheritance of schizophrenia and becoming a protagonist of genetic research on psychiatric conditions. In 1936, Kallmann was forced to immigrate to the USA where he published The Genetics of Schizophrenia (1938), based on data he had gathered from the district pathological institutes of Berlin's public health department. Kallmann resumed his role as an international player in biological psychiatry and genetics, becoming president (1952) of the American Society of Human Genetics and Director of the New York State Psychiatric Institute in 1955. While his work was well received by geneticists, the idea of genetic differences barely took hold in American psychiatry, largely because of émigré psychoanalysts who dominated American clinical psychiatry until the 1960s and established a philosophical direction in which genetics played no significant role, being regarded as dangerous in light of Nazi medical atrocities. After all, medical scientists in Nazi Germany had been among the social protagonists of racial hygiene which, under the aegis of Nazi philosophies, replaced medical genetics as the basis for the ideals and application of eugenics.

  8. Social individualism: Walter Gropius and his appropriation of Franz Müller-Lyer's idea of a new man.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Poppelreuter, Tanja

    2011-01-01

    In 1929, Walter Gropius developed the "High-Rise Steel Frame Apartment Building" that was based on theories about the emergence of a New Man put forward by sociologist Franz Müller-Lyer. In his lecture at the Congrès International d’Architecture Moderne conference in 1929, Gropius appropriated Müller-Lyer's sociology in order to promote and prompt the re-development of high-rise tenements and master households. Gropius’ 1931 contribution to the Deutsche Bauausstellung in Berlin incorporated a full-scale community lounge and a recreation area with sporting equipment, as well as a model and plans for a "High-Rise Steel Frame Apartment Building" that were designed in accordance with Müller-Lyer's theories. While it shows Müller-Lyer's influence, the boxing equipment found in the recreation area reflects the importance that sport, and boxing in particular, had gained after 1900. Boxing was perceived as a sport that would not only further fitness but also raise the spirits and help the inhabitant to succeed in the modern urban environment. By providing boxing equipment, Müller-Lyer's vision, which envisaged master households as furthering a community of peaceful individuals living in a condition of mutual trust, is weakened. In 1923, the sociologist Helmuth Plessner had regarded utopian visions of ideal communities as antithesis to actual events in the Weimar Republic. The embracing of theories that promised an evolutionary and linear development towards peaceful communities can be regarded as a counterreaction to a present that was perceived as an imperfect and temporary condition. Furthermore, Gropius’ appropriation of Müller-Lyer's sociology not only helped to distinguish his position from Marxist and socialist theories but also illustrated the contemporary tendency to accept utopian ideas while simultaneously doubting the practicality of some.

  9. USA muusikakriitikud järjestasid aasta 2004 heliplaadid

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    New Yorgi kultuuriajakiri Village Voice avaldas muusikaküsitluse Pazz & Jop Poll tulemused: 1. Kanye West "The College Dropout", 2. Brian Wilson "SmiLE", 3. Loretta Lynn "Van Lear Rose", 4. Franz Ferdinand "Franz Ferdinand", 5. Green Day "American Idiot". Aasta parimaks singliks valiti Franz Ferdinandi "Take Me Out", järgnesid Jay-Z "99 Problems" ja Usheri "Yeah". Kanye Westile ka Grammy aasta parima räpp-albumi eest ja Franz Ferdinandile kui parimale briti rockbändile Britside-Suurbritannia muusikaauhind

  10. Soziologische Wissenskulturen zwischen individualisierter Inspiration und prozeduraler Legitimation. Zur Entwicklung qualitativer und interpretativer Sozialforschung in der deutschen und französischen Soziologie seit den 1960er Jahren

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Reiner Keller

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Wie wissen Soziologinnen und Soziologen, was sie wissen? Trotz der Internationalisierung der Soziologie bestehen nach wie vor starke sprachräumliche Unterschiede in der soziologischen Wissensproduktion, in eingesetzten Theorien, Methoden und Fragestellungen. Der nachfolgende Beitrag erläutert die Entwicklung und Ausprägung der Unterschiedlichkeit soziologischer Wissenskulturen im Hinblick auf den Einsatz qualitativer bzw. interpretativer Ansätze seit den 1960er Jahren in Deutschland und Frankreich. Er stützt sich auf ein von uns 2012-2014 geleitetes Forschungsprojekt und dessen empirische Grundlagen: Dokumentenanalysen und Interviews. Wissenskulturen werden als die Arten und Weisen der Produktion und Legitimation von (hier: soziologischem Wissen verstanden. Diesbezüglich lässt sich von der Erkenntnisproduktion als dem zentralen Handlungsproblem soziologischen Forschens sprechen. Während für die französischsprachige Soziologie diagnostisch von einer Lösung dieses Erkenntnisproblems durch die den Forschenden zugeschriebenen Kompetenzen und Inspirationen ausgegangen werden kann, schiebt sich im deutschsprachigen Raume eine prozedurale Legitimation durch Verfahren in den Vordergrund. Der Beitrag rekonstruiert exemplarisch die Ausgangssituation dieser Entwicklungen um die Wende zu den 1960er Jahren und bettet sie in die weitere Entfaltung der jeweiligen Soziologien ein. Er will damit zur gegenwärtigen Entwicklung einer reflexiven Soziologie beitragen. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1601145

  11. Comparative evaluation of rivastigmine permeation from a transdermal system in the Franz cell using synthetic membranes and pig ear skin with in vivo-in vitro correlation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Simon, Alice; Amaro, Maria Inês; Healy, Anne Marie; Cabral, Lucio Mendes; de Sousa, Valeria Pereira

    2016-10-15

    In the present study, in vitro permeation experiments in a Franz diffusion cell were performed using different synthetic polymeric membranes and pig ear skin to evaluate a rivastigmine (RV) transdermal drug delivery system. In vitro-in vivo correlations (IVIVC) were examined to determine the best model membrane. In vitro permeation studies across different synthetic membranes and skin were performed for the Exelon(®) Patch (which contains RV), and the results were compared. Deconvolution of bioavailability data using the Wagner-Nelson method enabled the fraction of RV absorbed to be determined and a point-to-point IVIVC to be established. The synthetic membrane, Strat-M™, showed a RV permeation profile similar to that obtained with pig ear skin (R(2)=0.920). Studies with Strat-M™ resulted in a good and linear IVIVC (R(2)=0.991) when compared with other synthetic membranes that showed R(2) values less than 0.90. The R(2) for pig ear skin was 0.982. Strat-M™ membrane was the only synthetic membrane that adequately simulated skin barrier performance and therefore it can be considered to be a suitable alternative to human or animal skin in evaluating transdermal drug transport, potentially reducing the number of studies requiring human or animal samples. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  12. [The tribute of the pioneer of hypnotherapy--Franz Anton Mesmer, MD, PhD in the history of psychotherapy and medicine].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Radovancević, Ljubomir

    2009-01-01

    Modern hypnosis started with the Austrian physician Franz Anton Mesmer (1734-1815), who believed that the phenomenon known as mesmerism, or animal magnetism, or fluidum was related to an invisible substance--a fluid that runs within the subject or between the subject and the therapist, that is, the hypnotist, or the "magnetizer". The term hypnosis was introduced in the 1840s by a Scottish surgeon James Braid (1795-1860), who believed the subject to be in a particular state of sleep--a trance. In the late 19th century, a French neurologist Jean Martin Charcot (1825-1893) thought hypnotism to be a special physiological state, and his contemporary Hyppotite-Marie Bernheim (1840-1919) believed it to be a psychological state of heightened suggestibility. Sigmund Freud, who studied with Charcot, used hypnosis early in his career to help patients recover repressed memories. He noted that patients would relive traumatic events while under hypnosis, a process know as abreaction. Freud later replaced hypnosis with the technique of free associations. Today, hypnosis is used as a form of therapy (hypnotherapy), a method of investigation to recover lost memories, and research tool. According to Caplan & Sadock, F.A. Mesmer is generally thought of as the fons et origo of modern psychotherapy; and from the early techniques of mesmerism, it is said, have evolved the more elaborate and sophisticated therapeutic measures of the analyst and his colleagues. Although Mesmer was certainly dealing with individuals suffering from a variety of neurotic disorders, and though the clinical successes he achieved were the result of psychological processes that his procedures induced in his patients, Mesmer's theoretical formulations, his understanding of the nature of the treatment he developed, and his specific procedures were all totally different from those of the 20th century analyst. He was one of the corne stones in the development of psychoanalysis through hypnosis mainly of hysterical

  13. 'Los avisadores del fuego': Franz Rosenzweig, Walter Benjamin y Franz Kafka

    OpenAIRE

    Mate, M. Reyes; Mayorga, Juan

    2000-01-01

    Hubo pensadores que supieron leer en su tiempo signos de la catástrofe venidera. No eran profetas sino finos analistas. Nos referimos a Rosenzweig, Benjamin y Kafka. Rosenzweig denunció en el "idealismo" de la filosofía que viene desde Jonia y llega hasta Jena la tendencia a un totalitarismo que la convertía en potencialmente en una "ontología de la guerra". Benjamin dejó constancia de la ambigüedad radical del concepto de progreso, tan fundamental para el pensamiento ilustrado. La barbarie, ...

  14. FORSTERIAN MODEL OF CHARACTERIZATION AND NON-HUMAN CHARACTERS IN NARRATIVE FICTION: IRIS MURDOCH’S MISTER MARS AND FRANZ KAFKA’S GREGOR SAMSA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Barış METE

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available In Aspects of the Novel, Edward Morgan Forster introduces the critical concepts of flat and round to describe the nature of different types of fictional characters. According to Forster’s theoretical categorization, flat characters are constructed and exist in their fictional realm around a single feature or quality. As this is the key criterion, Forster argues that flat characters can easily be recognized and remembered by the reader. Flat characters remain mostly the same through circumstances. In other words, flat characters never surprise the reader. Contrary to the nature of flat characters, round characters operate in an opposite direction to their counterparts. Round characters never remain the same throughout events, and it is not easy to recognize them since they do not exist under the dominance of a single trait. In addition to these, round characters are those who surprise the reader. Although Forster’s categorisation of fictional characters has functioned well in most of the cases, some characters are not easily analysed under this formula. Franz Kafka’s Gregor Samsa, for example, seems neither a round nor a flat character. Throughout his story, he remains the same. At the same time, he surprises the reader, which is not expected from him since he is mostly the same character in the text. Samsa’s turning into an insect further complicates the definition of his roundness or flatness. Another example is Iris Murdoch’s Mister Mars. Mister Mars is an animal. But at the same time he is a movie star, a celebrity. He has a pivotal role for the protagonist of the text. Therefore, the aim of this study is first to introduce the theoretical background of the nature of fictional characters and then to display some difficulties present particularly in Forster’s classification through the characterisation of two non-human examples.

  15. Area Handbook Series: East Germany: A Country Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    1987-07-01

    popularity, supported the NSDAP with funds. Meanwhile, Briining’s successor, Franz von Papen , a strong authoritarian who wished to establish a corporate...Study Papen , Franz von , 33 training, 227; Transport Police, xxiv, Parow, 229 xxv, 226, 229, 273; Water Police, 260 Pavlovskii, I.G., 350 Polish Corridor...Constitution). Franz von l’apen, chancellor May-December I132; Hitle’s National Socialists won 2:30 Reichstag seats in July 1932 elettioins and ctiecrged

  16. Effects of Surface Composition on the Aerosolisation and Dissolution of Inhaled Antibiotic Combination Powders Consisting of Colistin and Rifampicin

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Wang, Wenbo; Zhou, Qi Tony; Sun, Si-Ping

    2016-01-01

    is hygroscopic and rifampicin is hydrophobic, moisture absorption of combination formulations was significantly lower than the pure colistin formulation in the dynamic vapour sorption results. To investigate the dissolution characteristics, four dissolution test methods (diffusion Franz cell, modified Franz cell......, flow-through and beaker methods) were employed and compared. The modified Franz cell method was selected to test the dissolution behaviour of aerosolised powder formulations to eliminate the effect of membrane on dissolution. The results showed that surface enrichment of hydrophobic rifampicin neither...

  17. Inglihääled vaiksel ööl / Loone Ots

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ots, Loone, 1965-

    2015-01-01

    Jõululaulust "Püha öö" ("Vaikne öö"), sõnade autor Joseph Franz Mohr, viisi autor Franz Xaver Gruber. Jõulukoraalist "Hõisake, taevad", autor Joachim Neander. Jõulukoraalist "Ma tulen taevast ülevalt", autor Martin Luther

  18. Underwater noise due to precipitation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Crum, Lawrence A.; Pumphrey, Hugh C.; Prosperetti, Andrea

    1989-01-01

    In 1959, G. Franz published a thorough investigation of the underwater sound produced by liquid drop impacts [G. Franz, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 31, 1080 (1959)]. He discovered that, under certain conditions, a gas bubble was entrained by the impacting droplet, and the subsequent oscillation of this b...

  19. Biblická zpráva o stvoření a výzvy přírodních věd v díle Franze von Hummelauera (1842–1914

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ctirad Pospíšil

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available The paper is a part of research focused on Catholic theologians and biologists who, in the years 1871–1910, in agreement with the so-called Mivart’s theory, accepted the evolutionary origin of the human body, or did not reject it. It presents the life and work of Franz von Hummelauer, S.J., a Catholic biblical scholar. Three of his writings, dedicated to the problematics of the exegesis of the biblical account of the Creation, are identified. Hummelauer shows a constant respect for the merits of the natural sciences, and there is no trace of fundamentalism in his work. From 1877, he did not cease to accept the contributions of astronomy, and he shows a great openness to the possibility of the evolutional origin of species both in fauna and flora. Although he strictly rejected the hypothesis of the evolutional origin of the human body in 1877, in 1895, he shows much more prudence regarding Mivart’s thesis. If it were possible to exclude the dualism of the instant animation of the body of the first man that came by means of the evolution, the evolutionary origin of the human body would not contradict the biblical account. In his last work on this topic from 1898, Hummelauer constantly shows that the biblical account of the creation has an unequivocal religious informative value and it would be a mistake to search there for statements that would be relevant to the natural sciences.

  20. Franz Petrak, 1886—1973

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Arx, von J.A.

    1976-01-01

    Dr. F. Petrak passed away on October 9, 1973 in Vienna at the age of 87 years. He was born on October 9, 1886 in Mährisch-Weisskirchen, at that time a small town in the Moravian province of the Austrian Monarchy, but now belonging to the CSSR under the Czech name Hranice. A gift of some books,

  1. Review: Holger Stoecker: Afrikawissenschaften in Berlin von 1919 bis 1945. Zur Geschichte und Topographie eines wissenschaftlichen Netzwerkes (2008 Buchbesprechung: Holger Stoecker: Afrikawissenschaften in Berlin von 1919 bis 1945. Zur Geschichte und Topographie eines wissenschaftlichen Netzwerkes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Katrin Bromber

    2009-05-01

    Full Text Available Review of the monograph: Holger Stoecker: Afrikawissenschaften in Berlin von 1919 bis 1945. Zur Geschichte und Topographie eines wissenschaftlichen Netzwerkes, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-3-515-09161-9, 359 pages. Besprechung der Monographie: Holger Stoecker: Afrikawissenschaften in Berlin von 1919 bis 1945. Zur Geschichte und Topographie eines wissenschaftlichen Netzwerkes, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-3-515-09161-9, 359 Seiten.

  2. Evidence-based diabetes nutrition therapy recommendations are effective: the key is individualization

    OpenAIRE

    Franz, Marion J; Boucher, Jackie L; Evert, Alison B

    2014-01-01

    Marion J Franz,1 Jackie L Boucher,2 Alison B Evert3 1Nutrition Concepts by Franz, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, 2Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, 3Diabetes Care Center, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA Abstract: Current nutrition therapy recommendations for the prevention and treatment of diabetes are based on a systematic review of evidence and answer important nutrition care questions. First, is diabetes nutrition therapy effective? Clinical trials...

  3. Haydn, segundo Villa-Lobos: uma análise do 1º movimento do Quarteto de cordas nº 7 de Villa-Lobos Haydn, by Villa-Lobos: an analysis of 1st movement of Villa-Lobos's String Quartet #7

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo de Tarso Salles

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo analisa o 1º movimento do Quarteto de Cordas nº 7 de Villa-Lobos e investiga possíveis referências aos quartetos de cordas compostos por Franz Haydn, como Villa-Lobos sugeriu a Arnaldo Estrella.This article analyses the 1st movement of Villa-Lobos' String Quartet nº 7 and search for possible references to Franz Haydn's string quartets, as suggested by Villa-Lobos in conversations with Arnaldo Estrella.

  4. On an uninterpretated tensor in Dirac's theory

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Costa de Beauregard, O.

    1989-01-01

    Franz, in 1935, deduced systematically from the Dirac equation 10 tensorial equations, 5 with a mechanical interpretation, 5 with an electromagnetic interpretation, which are also consequences of Kemmer's formalism for spins 1 and 0; Durand, in 1944, operating similarly with the second order Dirac equation, obtained, 10 equations, 5 of which expressing the divergences of the Gordon type tensors. Of these equations, together with the tensors they imply, some are easily interpreted by reference to the classical theories, some other remain uniterpreted. Recently (1988) we proposed a theory of the coupling between Einstein's gravity field and the 5 Franz mechanical equations, yielding as a bonus the complete interpretation of the 5 Franz mechanical equations. This is an incitation to reexamine the 5 electromagnetic equations. We show here that two of these, together with one of the Durand equations, implying the same tensor, remain uninterpreted. This is proposed as a challenge to the reader's sagacity [fr

  5. Areeni aasta albumid 2004

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2004-01-01

    Heliplaatidest: Franz Ferdinand "Franz Ferdinand", Toe Tag "Legendaarne", The Libertines "The Libertines ", Morrissey "You Are The Qarry", The Streets "A Grand Don't Come For Free", Kalm "Generalissimus Kalm", Brian Wilson "Smile", Madvillain "Madvillainy", Scissor Sisters "Scissor Sisters", Gary Wilson "Mary Had A Brown Hair", Animal Collective "Sung Tongs", Keane "Hopes And Fears", Todd Rundgren "Liars", Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds "Abbatoir Blues/The Lyre of Orpheus", Mylo "Destroy Rock'n'Roll", Devendra Banhart "Rejoicing In The Hands", Stefani "Love Angel Music Baby", Björk "Medulla", Moodymann "Black Mahogani"

  6. Metagenomic and satellite analyses of red snow in the Russian Arctic

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nao Hisakawa

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Cryophilic algae thrive in liquid water within snow and ice in alpine and polar regions worldwide. Blooms of these algae lower albedo (reflection of sunlight, thereby altering melting patterns (Kohshima, Seko & Yoshimura, 1993; Lutz et al., 2014; Thomas & Duval, 1995. Here metagenomic DNA analysis and satellite imaging were used to investigate red snow in Franz Josef Land in the Russian Arctic. Franz Josef Land red snow metagenomes confirmed that the communities are composed of the autotroph Chlamydomonas nivalis that is supporting a complex viral and heterotrophic bacterial community. Comparisons with white snow communities from other sites suggest that white snow and ice are initially colonized by fungal-dominated communities and then succeeded by the more complex C. nivalis-heterotroph red snow. Satellite image analysis showed that red snow covers up to 80% of the surface of snow and ice fields in Franz Josef Land and globally. Together these results show that C. nivalis supports a local food web that is on the rise as temperatures warm, with potential widespread impacts on alpine and polar environments worldwide.

  7. Una aportación a la ebanistería granadina de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aguiló, Mª Paz

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available A marquetry door in the Franz Mayer Museum (Mexico has served as the key for discovering the existence of 19th-century Granada furniture workshops where reproductions and interpretations of ancient pieces were made. They were widely disseminated and enjoyed great success on the international market.

    Una puerta de marquetería del museo Franz Mayer de México ha sido el hilo conductor para conocer la existencia de talleres granadinos de reproducciones e interpretaciones de mobiliario antiguo así como su exportación y éxito en el mercado internacional.

  8. Ludwig Boltzmann, Albert Einstein and Franz Joseph

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Broda, E.

    1983-01-01

    Under the Emperor Francis Joseph (1848-1916) the natural sciences were less weIl supported in Austria than in other countries of Europe. This is explained by the fact that the German speaking middle classes accepted the preeminence of the feudal forces with their antiscientific attitude. The reason for this readiness to subordination was that those middle classes feIt threatened in their relatively favourable situation by Slavs and Latins. Francis Joseph was the typical representative of the aristocracy. Personally, he did his duty conscientiously and was not corrupt, but progressive ideas and scientific thought were alien to him. From his desk he treated Boltzmann benevolently, but he had no wish to meet personally the greatest mind of the Empire or in any respect to ask his views. Another famous subject of the Emperor, Albert Einstein, was apparently ignored altogether. The structural weakness of Austria, due to the national problems, led to immobilism in her scientific life, but also, up to a point, to tolerance. The impression of Victor Adler on Einstein is considered in this historical context. (author) [de

  9. Apparatets sammenbrud. 'I straffekolonien' med Franz Kafka

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Gemzøe, Anker

    2011-01-01

    ’ (1914) introduces a new social motif, afterwards recurrent in Kafka: a cruel, old legal and social formation breaking up, leaving an empty gap and opening to a new situation that could be even worse. My initial reading is expanded by placing the story in personal, literary and historical contexts. From...... contexts. Though in the kafkaesque form of an alienated parable, the story is also a shrewd analysis of the political dilemmas of the intellectual as Kafka saw them at the beginning of the First World War, foreseeing the disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Because of Kafka’s specific position...

  10. Der französische GAV ist unrealistisch

    CERN Multimedia

    1984-01-01

    "Seit über zwei Wochen ist bei Genf ein Arbeitskonflikt im Gang. Die Arbeiter, die für das CERN eine gigantische Forschungsanlage bauen sollen, verlangen eine bessere Entlönung. Doch das federfürende Baukonsortium will nicht darauf eingehen, und die CERN-Verantwortlichen halten sich aus der Sache raus" (1 page).

  11. Quo Vadis, kaubandushiid Hyperlex? / Mike Franz Wahl

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Wahl, Mike Franz, 1966-

    2007-01-01

    Juhtimiskaasuste võistluse "Juhtimisaju 2007" raames tuli osalejatel lahendada juhtum seoses ettevõtete liitumisega. Vt. samas näited võistlustöödest: Vanaviisi ei saa, uutmoodi ei taha...; Inimesed, rääkige!. Juhtimisaju 2007 parimad võistkonnad

  12. К типологии фантастического в литературе (Гоголь - Кафка - Набоков) / Николай Карпов

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Карпов, Николай

    2003-01-01

    Käsitletakse fantastilises kirjanduses esinevat tekstivälist tegelikkuse iseloomustamist Nikolai Gogoli jutustuse "Nina", Franz Kafka "Metamorfoosi" ja Vladimir Nabokovi romaani "Kutse tapalavale" põhjal

  13. Basic instinct / Marju Lepajõe

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lepajõe, Marju, 1962-

    2011-01-01

    Arvustus: Franz Kafka. Kirjad Milenale : [autori kirjad M. Jesenskale]. Tallinn : Perioodika, 1996. (Loomingu raamatukogu ; 1996, 27/30) ; Juhan Liiv. Mu kallis Liisi : [kirjad Liisa Goldingule]. Tartu : Ilmamaa, 1996

  14. Eredamaid helielamusi Helsingi "Avanto'lt" / Rael Artel

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Artel, Rael, 1980-

    2003-01-01

    Helsingi meediakunsti festival 21.-24. 2002. Põhitähelepanu oli koondunud helile. Franz Pomassli heliinstallatsioonist, Briti loomingulise kollektiivi Semiconductor heli- ja pildiperformance'itest, inglise kunstniku Lis Rhodesi videotest jm.

  15. Victor Hugo, ‚Les Misérables´ (1862)

    OpenAIRE

    Krauss, Henning

    1999-01-01

    Victor Hugo, ‚Les Misérables´ (1862). - In: 19. Jahrhundert - Roman / Friedrich Wolfzettel (Hrsg.). - Tübingen : Stauffenburg-Verl., 1999. - S. 185-218. - (Stauffenburg Interpretation : Französische Literatur)

  16. Primo Levi and Franz Kafka: an Unheimlich Encounter

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Stefano Bellin

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available In 1983 Giulio Einaudi asked Primo Levi to translate Kafka’s Trial for the new series «Scrittori tradotti da scrittori». The proposal sounded original and provocative, and Levi accepted eagerly. The translation, however, had a negative effect on him. While working on The Trial, Levi relived his Auschwitz season, revived his deepest fears, and fell back into depression: he felt as if he was himself on trial. This was partially due to a clash of literary styles as well as to two contrasting – and yet at times kindred – conceptions of language and communication. The present study addresses the following questions: were Levi and Kafka’s literary styles as opposed as Levi implies? How is Levi’s “obscure part” connected to Kafka? Why did Levi associate The Trial with his Holocaust experience and identify himself with Josef K.? What does Levi’s encounter with Kafka tell us about the shame of being human and our capacity to give an account of ourselves? By investigating Levi’s uncanny encounter with Kafka, my essay will discuss Levi’s theory of language, showing how the Levi-Kafka intersection opens up new ways of interpreting Levi’s concerns about communication, the work of the witness, moral responsibility, and shame, which coalesced into the reflections of The Drowned and the Saved.Nel 1983 Giulio Einaudi chiese a Primo Levi di tradurre Il processo di Kafka per la nuova serie Scrittori tradotti da scrittori. La proposta parse a Levi originale ed intelligente, sicché la accettò immediatamente. La traduzione ebbe tuttavia un effetto negativo su di lui. Mentre lavorava al Processo, Levi rivisse la stagione di Auschwitz, risentì le sue più profonde paure e ricadde in depressione. Si sentiva come se fosse lui stesso processato. Ciò era in parte dovuto a due opposte concezioni di stile letterario e a due divergenti – anche se a volte paradossalmente affini – concezioni del linguaggio e della comunicazione. Il presente contributo si interroga su una serie di domande: gli stili di Levi e Kafka sono così opposti come sembrano? Che legame c’è tra la «parte oscura» di Levi e Kafka? Perché Levi associò Il processo con la sua esperienza ad Auschwitz e si identificò con Josef K.? Che cosa ci rivela l’incontro tra Levi e Kafka della vergogna di essere un uomo e della nostra capacità di «dar conto di noi stessi»? Analizzando il perturbante incontro tra Levi e Kafka, il mio saggio discute la «teoria del linguaggio» di Levi e mostra come l’intersezione tra Levi e Kafka apre nuove prospettive di interpretazione riguardo alle preoccupazioni di Levi per la comunicazione, il ruolo del testimone, la responsabilità morale e la vergogna. Tali temi confluirono nelle riflessioni de I sommersi e i salvati e verranno esaminati nella parte finale del presente saggio. PAROLE CHIAVEKafka; The Drowned and the Saved; trial; translation; communication; language; obscure; clear; shame; guilt.

  17. Thermal and Electrical Conductivities of a Three-Dimensional Ideal Anyon Gas with Fractional Exclusion Statistics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Qin Fang; Wen Wen; Chen Ji-Sheng

    2014-01-01

    The thermal and electrical transport properties of an ideal anyon gas within fractional exclusion statistics are studied. By solving the Boltzmann equation with the relaxation-time approximation, the analytical expressions for the thermal and electrical conductivities of a three-dimensional ideal anyon gas are given. The low-temperature expressions for the two conductivities are obtained by using the Sommerfeld expansion. It is found that the Wiedemann—Franz law should be modified by the higher-order temperature terms, which depend on the statistical parameter g for a charged anyon gas. Neglecting the higher-order terms of temperature, the Wiedemann—Franz law is respected, which gives the Lorenz number. The Lorenz number is a function of the statistical parameter g. (condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties)

  18. Kuu plaat : Lauri Saatpalu ja Katrin Mandel "Sa oled hea". Plaadid kauplusest Lasering

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    Heliplaatidest: Lauri Saatpalu ja Katrin Mandel "Sa oled hea", Goldfrapp "Supernature", Ultima Thule "Ingel ja suli", Sigur Ros "Takk...", Franz Ferdinand "You Could Have It So Much Better", Ans.Andur "Tuled peale"

  19. 31. X avati Eesti Kunstimuuseumi Niguliste filiaalis muuseumi uus eksponaat...

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2002-01-01

    Avati Franz Hoppenstätti poolt Niguliste kiriku patrooni, Ingerimaa asehaldur Bogislaus von Roseni hauakabelile 1655. a. nikerdatud puidust ehissein, mille konserveeris restauraator Hedi Kard. Seina kirjeldus. 1. XI pühakuteteemaline ekskursioon

  20. Balti aadlipreili kunstiharrastusest : Helene Marie Zoege von Manteuffel (1773/74-1842) = Artistic pursuits of an aristocratic Baltic lady : Helene Marie Zoege von Manteuffel (1773/74-1842) / Kadi Polli

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Polli, Kadi, 1973-

    2014-01-01

    Aadlitüdrukute haridusest ja kunstiharidusest Balti valgustusaja kunsti(haridus)maastikul. Perekond Zoege von Manteuffeli kunstilembusest ja Ojasoo mõisa tähtsusest baltisaksa kunstiajaloos. Helene Mariest Franz Gerhard Kügelgeni õpilasena ja abikaasana

  1. Anmeldelser af litteratur om den græsk-romerske oldtid

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Krasilnikoff, Jens

    2007-01-01

    Anmeldelse af Neville Morley, "Trade in Classical Antiquity". Key Themes in Ancient History. Cambridge UP, 2007. p.22. Anmeldelse af J. Bingen, "Hellenistic Egypt. Monarchy, Society, economy, Culture", Edinburgh UP, 2007, pp.22-23. Anmeldelse af C. Koehn, "Krieg-Diplomatie-Ideologie. Zur Ausenpol......Anmeldelse af Neville Morley, "Trade in Classical Antiquity". Key Themes in Ancient History. Cambridge UP, 2007. p.22. Anmeldelse af J. Bingen, "Hellenistic Egypt. Monarchy, Society, economy, Culture", Edinburgh UP, 2007, pp.22-23. Anmeldelse af C. Koehn, "Krieg-Diplomatie-Ideologie. Zur...... Ausenpolitik hellenistischer Mittelstaaten", Franz Steiner 2007, pp.24-25. Anmeldelse af A. Kühr,"Als Kadmos nach Boiotien kam. Polis und ethnos im Spiegel thebanischer Gründungsmythen", Franz Steiner 2007, p. 25. P. Low, "Interstate relations in Classical Greece. Morality and Power", Cambridge UP 2007, pp. 26...

  2. The New York Review of Books : (1998, 14. mai), nr. 8 : [ülevaade] / vahendanud Anne Lange

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    1998-01-01

    Ka John Keatsi käsitlusest: Nicholase Roe' 'John Keats and the culture of dissent' ja Andrew Motioni 'Keats : a biography'; Nadine Gordimer romaanist 'The house of gun'; Franz Kafka 'Lossi' uustõlkest inglise keelde

  3. Krihvlikunsti meistrid / Mai Levin

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Levin, Mai, 1942-

    2006-01-01

    Näitusest "19. sajandi saksa ja inglise graafikat Selma Lepa kunstikogust" Tallinna Keskraamatukogus. Eksponeeritakse James Abbot McNeill Whistleri, Wilhelm Leibli, Peter Halmi, Karl Stauffer-Berni, Max Klingeri, Franz von Stucki jt. töid

  4. Der Umgang mit den beschlagnahmten Kunstwerken aus Schlössern des ehemaligen Herrscherhauses Habsburg-Lothringen. Ein Dilemma für die junge Tschechoslowakische Republik nach 1918

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Uhlíková, Kristina

    2016-01-01

    Roč. 70, 1/2 (2016), s. 232-245 ISSN 0029-9626 Institutional support: RVO:68378033 Keywords : Archduke Franz Ferdinand d´Este * history of monument preservation * castles Subject RIV: AL - Art, Architecture, Cultural Heritage

  5. Anton Marty

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Rollinger, Robin

    -, Spring (2014), s. 1-18 ISSN 1095-5054 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : Anton Marty * Franz Brentano * philosophy of language * theory of meaning * inner form Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/marty/

  6. Kusagil struktuurides on kallutatud jõud / Lasse Lehis

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lehis, Lasse, 1972-

    2010-01-01

    Kõrgete riigiametnike ja poliitikute kohtuasjadest: kauaaegse Baieri peaministri Franz-Josef Straußi tütre Monika Hohlmeieri juhtumist, Prantsusmaa endise peaministri, linnapea ja europarlamendi liikme Alain Juppé kohtulahendist ja Itaalia peaministri Silvio Berlusconi kohtuasjadest

  7. 27 CFR 9.66 - Russian River Valley.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... Springs map. (22) Proceed 4.8 miles north-northwest along Mark West Springs Road, which becomes Porter Creek Road, to its intersection with Franz Valley Road, a light-duty road to the north of Porter Creek...

  8. Anhaldt-Dessau vürstiriik - ideaalne kultuuripark / Tiina Tammet

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tammet, Tiina, 1971-

    2007-01-01

    Franz von Anhaldt-Dessau (1740-1817) 18. sajandil loodud Wörlitzi pargist, mis oli mandri-Euroopas esimene inglise stiilis park. Muinsuskaitse all olev kultuuripark on osa UNESCO Kesk-Elbe-Steckby-Lödderitzer Forsti biosfäärikaitsealast

  9. a photoreceptor gene mutation in an indigenous black african family

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    MUTATION IN AN INDIGENOUS. BLACK AFRICAN FAMILY WITH. RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. IDENTIFIED USING A RAPID. SCREENING APPROACH FOR. COMMON RHODOPSIN. MUTATIONS. JGreenberg, T Franz, R Goliath, R Ramesar. Hereditary retinal degenerations may be subdivided into those affecting ...

  10. Isolation and screening of microorganisms from a gari fermentation ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Isolation and screening of microorganisms from a gari fermentation process for starter culture development. Vinodh A Edward, Moutairou Egounlety, Melanie Huch, Petrus J Van Zyl, Suren Singh, Naledzani D Nesengani, Vetja M Haakuria, Charles MAP Franz ...

  11. Grid Computing Das wahre Web 2.0?

    CERN Document Server

    2008-01-01

    'Grid-Computing ist eine Fortentwicklung des World Wide Web, sozusagen die nchste Generation', sagte (1) Franz-Josef Pfreundt (Fraunhofer-Institut fr Techno- und Wirtschaftsmathematik) schon auf der CeBIT 2003 und verwies auf die NASA als Grid-Avantgarde.

  12. Uudised : Viis ameerika tipporkestrit Kölnis. Schuberti konkurss Grazis. "Kreeka passioon" Londonis. Riccardo Muti tuleb New Yorki? / Priit Kuusk

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kuusk, Priit, 1938-

    2000-01-01

    Kölni uue muusika triennaalist, sealsetest esinejatest. IV rahvusvahelisest konkursist "Franz Schubert und die Musik der Moderne". B. Martinu ooperi "Kreeka passioon" esietendusest Londoni Kuninglikus Ooperis. R. Mutist võib aastal 2002 saada New Yorgi Filharmoonia Orkestri peadirigent

  13. Concert | United Nations Orchestra at CERN | 19 September

    CERN Multimedia

    2014-01-01

    The United Nations Orchestra will give a concert on the occasion of CERN’s 60th anniversary.   Under the baton of conductor and artistic director Antoine Marguier, the Orchestra will have the pleasure to accompany the soloist Maestro Matteo Fedeli, who, under the patronage of the Permanent Mission of Italy to the United Nations, will perform on a Stradivarius violin. The programme for the concert comprises: Jacques Offenbach, Orpheus in the Underworld Overture Franz von Suppé, Poet and Peasant Overture Camille Saint-Saëns, Introduction & Rondo Capriccioso for solo violin and orchestra Georges Bizet, Carmen Suite No. 1 Franz Lehár, Gold and Silver Waltz Gioachino Rossini, William Tell Overture   Doors open at 6 p.m. The concert will take place in a marquee behind the Globe of Science and Innovation, CERN Book your ticket here.

  14. Quantum independent increment processes

    CERN Document Server

    Franz, Uwe

    2006-01-01

    This is the second of two volumes containing the revised and completed notes of lectures given at the school "Quantum Independent Increment Processes: Structure and Applications to Physics". This school was held at the Alfried-Krupp-Wissenschaftskolleg in Greifswald in March, 2003, and supported by the Volkswagen Foundation. The school gave an introduction to current research on quantum independent increment processes aimed at graduate students and non-specialists working in classical and quantum probability, operator algebras, and mathematical physics. The present second volume contains the following lectures: "Random Walks on Finite Quantum Groups" by Uwe Franz and Rolf Gohm, "Quantum Markov Processes and Applications in Physics" by Burkhard Kümmerer, Classical and Free Infinite Divisibility and Lévy Processes" by Ole E. Barndorff-Nielsen, Steen Thorbjornsen, and "Lévy Processes on Quantum Groups and Dual Groups" by Uwe Franz.

  15. Lehrkontext Grenzregion: Affekt und Kognition von FremdsprachenlehrerInnen der Nachbarsprache

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julia Putsche

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit Einstellungen von Lehrpersonen, die die Nachbarsprache in der deutsch-französischen Grenzregion unterrichten und sich mit dem didaktisch-methodischen Konzept einer Grenzdidaktik auseinandersetzen. Das methodische Setting ist im Bereich der Aktionsforschung und dem forschenden Lernen verortet. Die Daten basieren auf einer Fragebogenstudie und einem identischen universitären Unterricht an einer deutschen und französischen Hochschule. This paper examines teachers’ beliefs and attitudes in the French-German border region. In it we propose a way to implement a theoretical concept about a foreign language teaching for border regions in initial teacher education program by applying Action Research and Research Based learning approaches. The data presented in this article were collected by means of a questionnaire and of an identical seminar in our universities, Freiburg and Strasbourg.

  16. Abielud, mis muutsid maailma / Guido Ilves

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ilves, Guido

    1997-01-01

    Muhamed ja Chadidisha. Martin Luther ja Katharina von Bora. Inglise kuninga Henry VIII abielud. Habsburgide keiser Franz Joseph I ja Elisabeth. Vene keisrinna Katariina II abielu keiser Peeter III-ga. Karl Marx ja Jenny. Albert Einstein ja Mileva Maric

  17. Plaadid / Sergo Selder

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Selder, Sergo

    2005-01-01

    Uutest heliplaatidest Ans. Andur "Tuled peale", Franz Ferdinand "You Could HAve It So Mush Better", The Rolling Stones "A Bigger Bang", Bill Frisell "East/West", Sheryl Crow "Wildflower", Fun Lovin' Criminals "Livin' In The City", Sentenced "The Funeral Album"

  18. Tuntud ja tundmatud meistrid 4 / Helena Risthein

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Risthein, Helena, 1954-

    2003-01-01

    Kadrioru lossis eksponeeritud teos "Madonna puuviljapärja keskel" koosneb kahest maalitahvlist, kuna tolleaegsed kunstnikud spetsialiseerusid kitsale erialale. Pieter Franzs. de Grebber (1600-1653) maalis Maarja Kristus-lapsega ja Frans Ykens (1601-1693) Maarjat ümbritseva puuviljapärja

  19. The Egg with Two Yellows

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Srimath

    James Watson, Seymour Benzer's work and his place in the .... A graduate student, Ronald J Konopka from. Dayton, joined him, hoping .... genetics of Thomas Hunt Morgan and his student Alfred ... the findings of Franz Boas, Frank A Brown Jr,.

  20. Mida aastavahetusel kuulatakse : Jõulu TOP 5 / Jaak Ojakäär

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ojakäär, Jaak, 1958-2016

    1999-01-01

    Viiest populaarsemast jõlulaulust maailmas - "White Christmas" (I. Berlin), "Jingle Bells" (J. S. Pierpoint), "Santa Claus is coming to town" (F. Coots), "Silent Night" (Franz Gruber) ja "Rudolf the red-nosed reindeer" (Johnny Marks). Laulude sünnist, autoritest, esitajatest

  1. Kas Eesti muusikaõpetus vaevleb rahapuuduses? / Elin Ots ; interv. Kristel Kossar

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ots, Elin

    2006-01-01

    Vestlusringis arutavad muusikaõpetajad ja haridusametnikud millised probleemid musikaharidust kimbutavad ja milliseid reforme see vajab. 17. novembril toimunud Eesti Muusikaõpetajate Liidu koolimuusika-alase konverentsi kaks väliskülalist prof. Franz Niermann ja Soili Perkiö avaldavad oma arvamust

  2. Suveteatri saladused / Ülo Tonts

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tonts, Ülo, 1931-2016

    1997-01-01

    Eesti Draamateatri ja Rakvere teatri suvelavastustest: Charles Dickensi 'Nicholas Nickleby elu ja seiklused', lavastanud Georg Malvius; Franz Grillparzer "Esiema needus", lavastaja Mati Unt; Rakvere teatri lavastus 'Dracula, öö valitseja', näidendi on kokku kirjutanud ja lavastanud Peeter Raudsepp

  3. "Puhastuse" esimesed osatäitjad teada / Kaarel Kressa

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kressa, Kaarel, 1983-

    2011-01-01

    Eesti-Soome koostöös valmiva Antti Jokise filmis "Puhastus" mängib vana Aliidet Liisi Tandefelt, Aliidet nooruspäevil Laura Birn, Hansu Peter Franzén, Martinit Tommi Korpela, Aliide vanemaid Anne Reemann ja Elmo Nüganen

  4. Co prozradily kralovické matriky

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Vlček, Pavel

    6/7, 2016/2017 (2017), s. 70-72 ISSN 1805-8906 Institutional support: RVO:68378033 Keywords : Kralovice * Franz and Mathias Tollinger * Martin Prusík * hospital at Kralovice Subject RIV: AL - Art, Architecture, Cultural Heritage OBOR OECD: Arts, Art history

  5. Kunst-Gedanken in Tiecks «Franz Sternbalds Wanderungen»

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wolfgang Nehring

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available Ludwig Tieck is not only the most productive and stimulating power of German Roman­ticism with respect to literature but also, largely unnoticed by his contemporaries and critics, an innovative proponent of a new art. His Sternbald goes way beyond the position of Wackenroder’s Herzensergießungen from which it started. It not only influenced the artwork of the two most important romantic painters, Philipp Otto Runge and Caspar David Fried­rich, but advocates, in a way, twentieth-century ideas of modern painting.

  6. Kafka ja kevad / Mati Sirkel

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Sirkel, Mati, 1949-

    2011-01-01

    Artiklis arutletakse peamiselt Franz Kafka loomingust lähtuvalt kirjandusklassika ja väärtkirjanduse rollist/võimalustest ühiskonnas. Näib olevat paradoks, et kirjandus täidab oma ühiskondlikku rolli kõige paremini siis, kui tal on suukorv peas

  7. A Comprehensive Context for Mobile-Code Deployment

    Science.gov (United States)

    2005-01-01

    18 Gal, Probst, Franz, 2003 Freund, Mitchell, 1999 Sohr, 1999, 2001 Microsoft, 2000 LSDRG, 2002 Dean, Felten, Balfanz , Wallach, 2003 Govindavajhala...D. Balfanz . Java security: Web browsers and beyond. In D. E. Denning and P. J. Denning, editors, Internet Besieged: Countering Cyberspace Scofflaws

  8. [Dennis Hormuth. Livonia est omnis divisa in partes tres : Studien zum mental mapping der livländischen Chronistik in der Frühen Neuzeit (1558-1721)] / Anti Selart

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Selart, Anti, 1973-

    2013-01-01

    Arvustus: Hormuth, Dennis. Livonia est omnis divisa in partes tres : Studien zum mental mapping der livländischen Chronistik in der Frühen Neuzeit (1558-1721) (Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte des östlichen Europa, 79). Franz Steiner verlag. Stuttgart 2012

  9. Intentionality and Consciousness

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ierna, Carlo; Jacquette, Dale

    2018-01-01

    In this chapter I concentrate on the notion of intentionality and its relation to consciousness. Ever since its re-introduction into contemporary philosophy in the works of Franz Brentano, intentionality has been associated in various ways with consciousness. In the continental and analytic

  10. Premiere toob lavale jalgpallimeeskonna, inimkatsed ja punase tooli / Kairi Prints

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Prints, Kairi, 1977-

    2012-01-01

    Premiere 2012 osalevad neli Eesti tantsukunstnikku: Svetlana Grigorjeva tantsulavastusega "sõp rus est", Kaisa Selde, Kristina-Maria Heinsalu ja Christin Lunts tantsulavastusega "fie", esmakordselt võtab osa välismaalane - sakslanna Mareike Franz tantsulavastusega "Duett". Kõik esietenduvad 9. veebruaril Kanuti gildi saalis

  11. Glove material, reservoir formation, and dose affect glove permeation and subsequent skin penetration

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielsen, Jesper Bo; Sørensen, Jens Ahm

    2012-01-01

    Protective gloves are used to reduce dermal exposure when managing chemical exposures at the work place. Different glove materials may offer different degrees of protection. The present study combined the traditional ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) model with the Franz diffusion...

  12. FREUD, JUNG AND BOAS: THE PSYCHOANALYTIC ENGAGEMENT WITH ANTHROPOLOGY REVISITED.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kenny, Robert

    2015-06-20

    Sigmund Freud's and C. G. Jung's turn to evolutionist anthropological material after 1909 is usually seen as a logical progression of their long-term interest in such material. It is also seen that they used this material ignorant of the significant challenges to the evolutionist paradigm underpinning such material, in particular the challenges led by Franz Boas. This paper argues otherwise: that both psychologists' turnings to such material was a new development, that neither had shown great interest in such material before 1909, and that their turnings to such material, far from being taken in ignorance of the challenges to evolutionist anthropology, were engagements with those challenges, because the evolutionist paradigm lay at the base of psychoanalysis. It argues that it is no coincidence that this engagement occurred after their return from America in 1909, where they had come into first-hand contact with the challenges of Franz Boas.

  13. Magnetic field-induced Landau Fermi liquid in high-T{sub c} metals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Amusia, M.Ya.; Shaginyan, V.R

    2003-08-25

    We consider the behavior of strongly correlated electron liquid in high-temperature superconductors within the framework of the fermion condensation model. We show that at low temperatures the normal state recovered by the application of a magnetic field larger than the critical field can be viewed as the Landau Fermi liquid induced by the magnetic field. In this state, the Wiedemann-Franz law and the Korringa law are held and the elementary excitations are the Landau Fermi liquid quasiparticles. Contrary to what might be expected from the Landau theory, the effective mass of quasiparticles depends on the magnetic field. The recent experimental verifications of the Wiedemann-Franz law in heavily hole-overdoped, overdoped and optimally doped cuprates and the verification of the Korringa law in the electron-doped copper oxide superconductor strongly support the existence of fermion condensate in high-T{sub c} metals.

  14. ''Improving the EEG''. PHOTON discussion with experts of German political parties on the future of reimbursement for alternative energy; ''Das EEG weiter entwickeln''. PHOTON-Streitgesprach mit Energie-Experten der Bundestagsfraktionen ueber die kuenftige Solarstromfoerderung

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Anon.

    2002-08-01

    In a PHOTON discussion with Rainer Brinkmann (SPD), Franz Obermeier (CSU), Hans-Josef Fell (Buendnis 90/Die Gruenen), Walter Hirche (FDP) and Eva Bullinger-Schrter (PDS), it became clear that the FDP is not the only political party in Germany to oppose the EEG (Renewable Energy Act). The CSU is thinking about replacing reimbursement for alternative energy sources by a tendering procedure. [German] Weil Wahlprogramme sich meist in Allgemeinplaetzen verlieren, baten wir Energie-Experten aus den fuenf Bundestagsfraktionen in einem Streitgespraech um Klartext: Wie sehen die Plaene zur Solarstromfoerderung aus? Bei der lebhaften Diskussion zwischen Rainer Brinkmann (SPD), Franz Obermeier (CSU), Hans-Josef Fell (Buendnis 90/Die Gruenen), Walter Hirche (FDP) und Eva Bulling-Schroeter (PDS) wurde deutlich: Nicht nur die FDP ist gegen das Erneuerbaree-Energien-Gesetz (EEG). Auch in der Union gibt es Ueberlegungen, die Einspeiseverguetung fuer Solarstrom durch einen Ausschreibungswettbewerb abzuloesen. (orig.)

  15. A patriotic 'Picture Gallery' or a Universal 'Tree of Knowledge'? Metaphors of Knowledge in the Historia Litteraria Works

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Smyčka, Václav

    2016-01-01

    Roč. 139, 1/2 (2016), s. 25-49 ISSN 0024-4457 R&D Projects: GA ČR GAP406/12/2254 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : Nikolaus Adaukt Voigt * Ignaz Born * Franz Martin Pelzel * Ludwig Zehnmark * metaphor * knowledge * temporality Subject RIV: AB - History

  16. Mayer-rokitansky-kuster-hauser (MRKH) syndrome: a historical perspective

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a congenital defect of the Müllerian ducts characterized by uterovaginal agenesis and underdeveloped female genital organs. This paper is a tribute to the contributors of this condition - August Franz Joseph Karl Mayer, Karl Freiherr von Rokitansky, ...

  17. Penetration Enhancing Effect of Polysorbate 20 and 80 on the In ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Purpose: To investigate the penetration enhancing effect of two polysorbates - polyoxyethylene 20 (POE-20) and polyoxyethylene 80 (POE-80) - on the in vitro percutaneous absorption of ascorbic acid (AA). Methods: For the permeation experiments, Franz diffusion cell covered with aluminum foil providing an effective ...

  18. Carl Stumpf's philosophy of mathematics

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ierna, Carlo

    2015-01-01

    Like most of Franz Brentano's students, Carl Stumpf showed an interest in the philosophy of mathematics. In particular, Stumpf wrote his habilitation thesis On the Foundations of Mathematics, used mathematical examples in central parts of his lectures, and later returned to the topic in the

  19. Nahrungswahl, Immunkompetenz und Parasiten-Wirt-Beziehungen bei einer ziehenden Singvogelart

    OpenAIRE

    Metzger, Benjamin J.

    2012-01-01

    Rezension zu: Metzger B J 2012: Diet selection, immune-competence, and parasite-host interactions in a migratory songbird. Vogelwarte 50: 39-40. Dissertation an der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, betreut durch Prof. Dr. Franz Bairlein

  20. LANGUAGE REORIENTATION AND POLICY IMPLEMENTATION ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Chinwe Ugochukwu

    building and leadership challenge; language reorientation; conclusion and ... Igbo land, for example, many students enrol to study foreign languages, but the reverse is the ... Following the lead of Franz Boas, such a view is no longer relevant. ... Consequently, on International Mother Language Day, all languages share.

  1. Towards the rational design of novel drugs based on solubility, partitioning/distribution, biomimetic permeability and biological activity exemplified by 1,2,4-thiadiazole derivatives

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Volkova, T. V.; Terekhova, I. V.; Silyukov, O. I.

    2017-01-01

    -octanol/buffer (pH 7.4) and 1-hexane/buffer (pH 7.4) immiscible phases as model systems imitating the gastrointestinal tract epithelium and the blood-brain barrier were determined. Permeation experiments the new Permeapad™ barrier using Franz diffusion cells were conducted and the apparent permeability...

  2. The Operational Level of War

    Science.gov (United States)

    1985-12-01

    Lessons from the Russo-Japanese War." United Service Magazine 30 (October 1904-March 1905):112+. Caemmerer, Rudolf von. The Development of Strategical...over the German operational plan for the western offensive, 1940.] Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1957. This is the best work on the subject. Kissel

  3. Invitation

    CERN Multimedia

    2004-01-01

    Monday, 11 October Gala-Concert to celebrate 50 years of CERN Jack Liebeck (violin) and Katya Apekisheva (piano) Works by C. Debussy, S. Prokofiev, and L. van Beethoven CERN, Main Auditorium, 20:00 For CERN staff and their families With the assistance of PPARC (UK) Free tickets available at the CERN Press Office (50-1-048). Maximum four tickets per person. For more information on the performers, see: http://www.jackliebeck.com/CERN50/JL.htm http://www.jackliebeck.com/CERN50/KA.htm The "WIENER SCHUBERTBUND" celebrates CERN's 50th "DEUTSCHE MESSE" By Franz Schubert performed by the "WIENER SCHUBERTBUND" On the occasion of the Organization's Fiftieth Anniversary, Mr Hans-Walter Gérard Schober, Honorary Consul-General of Austria in Geneva, is pleased to invite all those working at CERN to a mass at which Franz Schubert's German Mass will be sung by the Vienna Schubert Choral Society. This renown men's choir, founded in 1863. Eminent composers, including Richard Strauss, Wilhelm Kinzel, a...

  4. Freud, Jung and Boas: the psychoanalytic engagement with anthropology revisited

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kenny, Robert

    2015-01-01

    Sigmund Freud's and C. G. Jung's turn to evolutionist anthropological material after 1909 is usually seen as a logical progression of their long-term interest in such material. It is also seen that they used this material ignorant of the significant challenges to the evolutionist paradigm underpinning such material, in particular the challenges led by Franz Boas. This paper argues otherwise: that both psychologists' turnings to such material was a new development, that neither had shown great interest in such material before 1909, and that their turnings to such material, far from being taken in ignorance of the challenges to evolutionist anthropology, were engagements with those challenges, because the evolutionist paradigm lay at the base of psychoanalysis. It argues that it is no coincidence that this engagement occurred after their return from America in 1909, where they had come into first-hand contact with the challenges of Franz Boas. PMID:26665301

  5. Regelwerke im multilingualen Kontext – ein Erfahrungsbericht aus einem multilingualen Verbund

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jürgen Küssow

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Der Bibliotheksverbund NEBIS (Netzwerk von Bibliotheken und Informationsstellen in der Schweiz ist der grösste Verbund wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken der Schweiz. Ihm gehören rund 140 Bibliotheken an 154 Standorten aus allen Landesteilen der Schweiz an. Im NEBIS arbeiten Bibliotheken sowohl aus der Deutschschweiz als auch aus den Französisch und Italienisch sprechenden Landesteilen. Der Anteil der nicht-deutschsprachigen Bibliotheken beträgt im NEBIS über 15 Prozent. Auf den Jahresbeginn 2016 hat der NEBIS-Verbund das bisher verwendete Regelwerk KIDS (Katalogisierungsregeln des IDS durch das internationale Regelwerk RDA sowie die hauseigene Normdatenbank durch die deutschorientierte Normdatenbank GND abgelöst. Der Zustand der französischsprachigen Übersetzung der RDA sowie die Übersetzung der Anwendungsregeln des D-A-CH Raumes waren eine der grössten Herausforderungen bei der Einführung im Verbund. In einer mehrsprachigen Umgebung mit einer monolingualen Datenbank wie der GND zu arbeiten, bedeutete besonders für die französischsprachigen Bibliotheken viel Umstellung und Flexibilität. Die Arbeit mit deutschen Begriffen wie zum Beispiel die Berufsbegriffe in der GND erfordert sowohl von der NEBIS-Verbundzentrale wie auch von den französischsprachigen Bibliotheken einen ausserordentlichen Effort. Der NEBIS-Verbund wird auch künftig darauf angewiesen sein, dass die französische Übersetzung der RDA sowie die Übersetzung der Anwendungsregeln möglichst aktuell bleibt. Zudem wird auch im Bereich GND weiterhin eine flexible und geduldige Arbeitsweise aller Beteiligten erforderlich sein. The network of libraries NEBIS (Netzwerk von Bibliotheken und Informationsstellen in der Schweiz is the biggest network of scientific libraries in Switzerland. It comprises ca. 140 libraries with 154 locations in all over Switzerland. Libraries from the German, French and Italian speaking parts of the country are working together in NEBIS. More than

  6. Художники Кюгельгены. Ч. I-II / Марат Гайнуллин, Александра Мурре

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Гайнуллин, Марат, 1933-

    2010-01-01

    Saksa kunstnikest, Venemaal, sh. Eesti alal elanud ja töötanud kaksikvendadest Karl Ferdinand ja Gerhard Franz Kügelgenist ning nende kunstnikest järglastest Wilhelm von Kügelgenist (Gerhard Franzi poeg), Konstantin von Kügelgenist (Karl Ferdinandi poeg) ning viimase tütrest Sally von Kügelgenist

  7. Sõõrumaa avab homme galerii / Ants Juske

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Juske, Ants, 1956-2016

    2009-01-01

    17. detsembril avatakse Tallinnas Rotermanni kvartalis Roseni t. 8 Urmas Sõõrumaa eragalerii US Art Gallery avanäitus, kus on väljas 75 teost. Eksponeeritud Peet Areni, Ann Audova, Eugen Gustav Dückeri, Franz Gebhardti, Johannes Võerahansu, Eduard Wiiralti, Richard Uutmaa jpt. tööd

  8. Folklore in Zora Neale Hurston's "Their Eyes Were Watching God." [Lesson Plan].

    Science.gov (United States)

    2002

    Zora Neale Hurston's work is lively, lyrical, funny, and poignant, but this consummate literary craftsperson was also a first-rate ethnographer, conducting field work for Franz Boas and for the Works Progress Administration (WPA). "Their Eyes Were Watching God," often acclaimed as Hurston's masterpiece, is perhaps the richest beneficiary…

  9. Uute tantsijate tulek / Heili Einasto

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Einasto, Heili

    2017-01-01

    Tallinna Balletikooli galast Estonia teatris. Kavas olid katkendid balletiklassikast ning Marina Kesleri uuslavastus "Tütarlaps ja surm" Franz Schuberti muusikale. Tänavu said lisaks klassikalise balleti suuna lõpetajatele diplomi ka kaasaegse tantsu suuna läbinud noored. Vestlusest Tallinna Ülikooli balletiõppejõu Irina Pähniga

  10. Plerosis and Atomic Gestalts

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Koenderink, J.J.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/070864543; van Doorn, A.J.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/304091294; Pinna, Baingio

    2017-01-01

    Franz Brentano, 1838–1917, introduced the intriguing concept of “plerosis” in order to account for aspects of the continuum that were “explained” by formal mathematics in ways that he considered absurd from the perspective of intuition, especially visual awareness and imagery. In doing this, he

  11. White Skin, Black Friend: A Fanonian Application to Theorize Racial Fetish in Teacher Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Matias, Cheryl E.

    2016-01-01

    In "Black Skin, white masks" (1967, Grove Press), Franz Fanon uses a psychoanalytic framework to theorize the inferiority-dependency complex of Black men in response to the colonial racism of white men. Applying his framework in reverse, this theoretical article psychoanalyzes the white psyche and emotionality with respect to the…

  12. Saxl and Boll

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dorothea McEwan

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available We know of Aby Warburg being Fritz Saxl’s mentor. What is less known is that Saxl had a second mentor, equally important for his research development, Franz Boll, the celebrated classical philologist. The article charts Boll’s involvement in Saxl’s research activities upon leaving university.

  13. Color in the Classroom: How American Schools Taught Race, 1900-1954

    Science.gov (United States)

    Burkholder, Zoe

    2011-01-01

    Between the turn of the twentieth century and the "Brown v. Board of Education" decision in 1954, the way that American schools taught about "race" changed dramatically. This transformation was engineered by the nation's most prominent anthropologists, including Franz Boas, Ruth Benedict, and Margaret Mead, during World War II.…

  14. The Former Yugoslavia and the Quest for Improving Regional Stability

    Science.gov (United States)

    1993-04-09

    Balkans. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1965. Nelson, Daniel N. Balkan Imbroglio. Colorado: Westview Press, Inc. 1991. Ra’anon, Uri, Maria Mesner, Keith...Carlisle Barracks, 1992. JOURNALS AND PERIODICALS Altmann , Franz-Lothar. "Ex-Yugoslavia’s neighbors: who wants what?" The World Today. Vol. 48, Nos. 8-9

  15. Neznámá skica Franze Xavera Wagenschöna

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Valeš, Tomáš

    2011-01-01

    Roč. 60, č. 2 (2011), s. 140-147 ISSN 1211-7390 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z80330511 Keywords : Andreas Magnus Hunglinger * Michael Jindřich Rentz * Sarkander Ježek * St. John of God * Torture of St. John the Evangelist before the Porta Latina * Erlau/Eger * Sáta Subject RIV: AL - Art, Architecture, Cultural Heritage

  16. “Obituary of Franz Wickhoff” trans. and ed. Marta Filipova

    OpenAIRE

    Vincenc Kramář

    2013-01-01

    Wickhoff, ‘a man of great refined artistic taste who refused to be bound by period theories and who was open to all truly artistic impressions’, is remembered in this obituary, written by his former student of Czech origin, Vincenc Kramář (1877-1960), an eminent art historian and art collector. Published in 1909, the text overviews the theoretical and methodological approaches that Wickhoff as well as Riegl used and thus outlines, for the first time, the main traits of the Vienna School of ar...

  17. “Obituary of Franz Wickhoff” trans. and ed. Marta Filipova

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vincenc Kramář

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Wickhoff, ‘a man of great refined artistic taste who refused to be bound by period theories and who was open to all truly artistic impressions’, is remembered in this obituary, written by his former student of Czech origin, Vincenc Kramář (1877-1960, an eminent art historian and art collector. Published in 1909, the text overviews the theoretical and methodological approaches that Wickhoff as well as Riegl used and thus outlines, for the first time, the main traits of the Vienna School of art history, such as genetic links and universal development of art and the objective study of the works of art, that have been associated with it until today.

  18. Allegory and Nietzschean Values in Kafka, Camus, and Kazantzakis

    OpenAIRE

    Naylor, Paul Kenneth

    1981-01-01

    The purpose of this these is to explore Nietzschean values as they appear in three modern allegories: Franz Kafka's The Castle, Albert Camus' The Plague, and Nikos Kazantzakis' Zorba the Greek. The intent is to illustrate Friedrich Nietzsche's three stages of the overman as they apply to Kafka, Camus, and Kazantzakis. (91 pages).

  19. Krasota kak blagotvaritelnost / Igor Saveljev

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saveljev, Igor

    2008-01-01

    Eesti Sportlaste Ühenduse 9. heategevuslik kunstioksjon Tallinnas Nordic Hotel Forumi restoranis Monaco 20. detsembril 2008. Korraldab galerii Rios. Müügis ligi 30 maali Eesti kunstnikelt. Esile toodud Andrew George Winteri (Sindist pärit Andres Jüri Vinter) maali "Purjelaev merel" ja Franz Karl Eduard von Gebhardti "Kristus haigeid tervendamas". Autoritest

  20. Between Native American and Continental Philosophy: A Comparative Approach to Narrative and the Emergence of Responsible Selves

    Science.gov (United States)

    Richardson, Troy

    2012-01-01

    This essay explores some of the affinities between current theories of North American Indigenous trickster narratives and continental philosophy where they are both concerned with the question of responsibility in subject formations. Taking up the work of Judith Butler, Franz Kafka and Gerald Vizenor, the author works to show how both continental…

  1. Silence, an Eye of Knowledge

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aghamohammadi, Mehdi

    2017-01-01

    One of the conspicuous features of the twentieth-century West was silence. This idea could be supported by examining reflections of Ludwig Wittgenstein, Fritz Mauthner, John Cage, Samuel Beckett, Ihab Hassan, Franz Kafka, Wassily Kandinsky, Jean-Paul Sartre, Virginia Woolf, Wolfgang Iser, Jacques Derrida, and Pierre Macherey. To me, silence is not…

  2. Online Counseling: A Need for Discovery

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mallen, Michael J.; Vogel, David L.

    2005-01-01

    The rejoinder responds to the four reactions by Jeffrey Barnett, Tai Chang, Delida Sanchez-Page, and Franz Caspar and Thomas Berger in the November 2005 issue of The Counseling Psychologist. In doing so, the authors emphasize the important need for further clarity regarding the effectiveness of online mental and behavioral health services in…

  3. Homer: A Collection of Critical Essays. Twentieth Century Views Series.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Steiner, George, Ed.; Fagles, Robert, Ed.

    One of a series of works aimed at presenting contemporary critical opinion on major authors, this collection includes essays by George Steiner, Leo Tolstoy, Ezra Pound, Erich Auerbach, Edwin Muir, Cedric H. Whitman, Albert B. Lord, W. H. Auden, Ernst Bloch, Georg Lukacs, C. Day Lewis, Gabriel Germain, Franz Kafka, Rachel Bespaloff, Robert…

  4. Stravinsky: Symphonies, Concertos, Ballets and other works / David S. Gutman

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Gutman, David S.

    1994-01-01

    Uuest heliplaadist "Stravinsky: Symphonies, Concertos, Ballets and other works. Gabriele Schnaut (sop), Peter Svensson (ten), Franz Grundheber (bar), Günther von Kannen (bass), Jean Piat (narr), Lydia Mordkovitch (vn), Geoffrey Tozer, Boris Berman (pfs), Suisse Romande Chamber Choir, Lausanne Pro Arte Choir, Brassus Choral Society, Suisse Romande Ochestra, Neeme Järvi. Chandos CD CHAN 9240

  5. Replication and Pedagogy in the History of Psychology II: Fowler & Wells's Phrenology

    Science.gov (United States)

    Trevino, Kelly M.; Konrad, Krista K.

    2008-01-01

    Phrenologists believed that specific brain regions corresponded to certain character traits. In addition, the size of each brain region was believed to determine the strength of the respective trait. Phrenology originated in Austria with Franz Josef Gall and was popularized and commercialized in America at the end of the 19th century by Orson…

  6. Fulltext PDF

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    1883-06-24

    Victor Franz Hess was born on June 24, 1883, at Waldstein Castle near Deutsch Feistritz,. Austria, to Vinzens and Sarafine Hess. His father was the chief forester in the estate of Prince. Oettingen-Wallerstein. Victor attended the Gymnasium in the nearby city of Graz and entered the University of Graz in 1901. He received ...

  7. Effect of temperature on electrical conductance of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticle ink during continuous wave laser sintering

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lee, Dae-Geon; Kim, Dong Keun; Moon, Yoon-Jae; Moon, Seung-Jae

    2013-01-01

    To determine the effect of temperature on the specific electrical conductance of inkjet-printed ink during continuous wave laser sintering, the temperature of the sintered ink was estimated. The ink, which contained 34 wt.% silver nanoparticles with an average size of approximately 50 nm, was inkjet-printed onto a liquid crystal display glass substrate. The printed ink was irradiated with a 532 nm continuous wave laser for 60 s with various laser intensities. During laser irradiation, the in-situ electrical conductance of the sintered ink was measured to estimate the transient thermal conductivity of the ink. The electrical conductance and thermal conductivity of the ink was coupled to obtain the transient temperature by applying the Wiedemann–Franz law to a two-dimensional transient heat conduction equation. The electrical conductance of laser-sintered ink was highly dependent on the sintering temperature of the ink. - Highlights: • The in-situ electrical conductance was measured during the laser sintering process. • Wiedemann–Franz law coupled the electrical conductance with transient temperature. • The transient temperature of the laser-sintered Ag nanoparticle ink was estimated

  8. The relevance of polymeric synthetic membranes in topical formulation assessment and drug diffusion study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ng, Shiow-Fern; Rouse, Jennifer J; Sanderson, Francis D; Eccleston, Gillian M

    2012-03-01

    Synthetic membranes are composed of thin sheets of polymeric macromolecules that can control the passage of components through them. Generally, synthetic membranes used in drug diffusion studies have one of two functions: skin simulation or quality control. Synthetic membranes for skin simulation, such as the silicone-based membranes polydimethylsiloxane and Carbosil, are generally hydrophobic and rate limiting, imitating the stratum corneum. In contrast, synthetic membranes for quality control, such as cellulose esters and polysulfone, are required to act as a support rather than a barrier. These synthetic membranes also often contain pores; hence, they are called porous membranes. The significance of Franz diffusion studies and synthetic membranes in quality control studies involves an understanding of the fundamentals of synthetic membranes. This article provides a general overview of synthetic membranes, including a brief background of the history and the common applications of synthetic membranes. This review then explores the types of synthetic membranes, the transport mechanisms across them, and their relevance in choosing a synthetic membrane in Franz diffusion cell studies for formulation assessment purposes.

  9. CMS: the first barrel ring completed!

    CERN Multimedia

    2000-01-01

    Seven years after design studies began, CERN and the German company DWE have erected the first of the five CMS yoke rings, a giant component weighing 1200 tonnes. The first ring of the CMS magnet yoke, a twelve-sided 15-metre-high colossus, has been erected in the new hall at Point 5 near Cessy. For the last few days it has stood unaided, no longer relying on the central structure required for its assembly. Its construction marks an important milestone in the CMS programme, the culmination of seven years of work at CERN and over two years of manufacturing at DWE. Awarded the contract by the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zürich, the German manufacturer has produced and assembled the ring components in collaboration with a team from CERN. This feat of mechanical engineering was celebrated two weeks ago at a drink attended by the main protagonists, headed by Franz Kufner, divisional manager at DWE, Franz Leher, production engineer at DWE, Alain Hervé, CMS technical coordinator,...

  10. Photoreflection investigations of the dopant activation in InP doped with beryllium ions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Avakyants, L.P.; Bokov, P.Yu.; Chervyakov, A.V.

    2005-01-01

    The processes of the dopant activation in the InP crystals implanted with Be + ions (energy 100 keV, dose 10 13 cm -2 and subsequent thermal annealing during 10 s) have been studied by means of photoreflection spectroscopy. Spectral lines of the crystal InP were absent in the photoreflection spectra of the samples annealed at temperatures less then 400 Deg C. This fact is connected with the disordering of the crystal structure due to the ion implantation. In the temperature range 400-700 Deg C the lines from InP band gap (1.34 eV) and conductance band-spin-orbit splitting valence subband (1.44 eV) have been observed due to the recovery of the crystal structure. In the photoreflectance spectra of a 800 Deg C annealed sample the Franz-Keldysh oscillations have been observed, which can be an evidence in favour of the dopant activation. Carrier concentration calculated from the period of Franz-Keldysh oscillations was equal to 2.2 x 10 16 cm -3 [ru

  11. Kirjandus- ja kultuuritegelased Pärnu Alevi kalmistul / Gerda Kuum

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kuum, Gerda

    2007-01-01

    Jutukirjanik Suve Jaan, kodanikunimega Sommer Johann Friedrich (1777-1851); baltisaksa kirjamees ja pastor Johann Heinrich Rosenplänter (1782-1846); kirjamees ja köster Caspar Franz Lorenzsonn (1811-1880); köster Heinrich Gottlieb Lorenzsonn (1803-1847); trükkal ja kirjastaja Friedrich Wilhelm Bonn (1812-1881); linnapead Oskar Alexander Brackmann (1841-1927) ja Jaan Leesment (1870-1941)

  12. Michael Haneke film Euroopa parim / M. T.

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    M. T.

    2005-01-01

    IX PÖFFil linastuv Michael Haneke film "Varjatud" ("Cache") võitis laupäeval mitu Euroopa Filmiakadeemia auhinda, selhulgas parima filmi, parima lavastaja, parima meesnäitleja (Daniel Auteuil) ja FIPRESCI auhinna. Parim naisnäitleja - Julia Jentsch ("Sophie Scholli viimased päevad"), operaator - Franz Lustig ("Don't Come Knocking"), stsenaarium - Hany Abu-Assad, Bero Beyer ("Kohe paradiisi")

  13. Kaks maastikuvaadet Karl Otto Gerhard von Kügelgenilt: romantismi kaja biidermeierlikus sarmis = Two Landscape Views by Otto Gerhard von Kügelgen: Echo of Romanticism in Biedermeier Charm / Kadi Polli

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Polli, Kadi, 1973-

    2011-01-01

    2010. aastal Frankfurdis H. W. Fichteri kunstigaleriis müüki tulnud kümnest kunstiteosest, sh. Eesti Kunstimuuseumi poolt omandatud kahest Karl Otto Gerhard von Kügelgeni tööst. Franz Gerhard von Kügelgeni noorema poja Karl Otto Gerhard von Kügelgeni elust, loomingust ja tema akvarellidest "Perekond Vinni mõisas" ja "Rändur metsas"

  14. ”Jeg har forstået den sådan, at den ikke skal forstås”

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Johansen, Martin Blok

    2015-01-01

    Hvilke tekster kan man tillade sig at præsentere for børn i skolens undervisning? Det er det hovedspørgsmål, der stilles i denne artikel. Artiklens afsæt er et observations- og interviewstudie af en dansk 6. klasses læsning og analyse af tekster af forfattere som Franz Kafka, Fjodor Dostojevskij ...

  15. The Multiplicity of Massive Stars: A High Angular Resolution Survey With The HST Fine Guidance Sensor

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-01-01

    the color of the star and filter used ( Horch et al. 2006) as well as the time of observation relative to that of a servicing mission or other...T. C., Gies, D. R., Bagnuolo, W. G. Jr., et al. 2006, ApJ, 639, 1069 Horch , E. P., Franz, O. G., Wasserman, L. H., & Heasley, J. N. 2006, AJ, 132

  16. The Magic Background of Pearl Harbor. Volume 2 (May 12, 1941 - August 6, 1941)

    Science.gov (United States)

    1977-01-01

    sistance in an Axis move against India.617 German Ambassador Franz von Papen and Foreign Minister Shukru Saracoglu signed a Turkish-German Pact...sadorB rlinportedTokyonJu7,941thatitw sthpinion of Chancellor Hitler and Foreign Minister von Ribbentrop that the United States would hesi...particularlyinregardtowaragainstEngland,HerrHessmighthavebeenanxioustoleaveGermany.ItwasalsoknownthathepossessedagreatdislikeforForeignMin- ister von

  17. Stormløb mod grænsen

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Holm, Isak Winkel

    Franz Kafka blev berømt i årene efter Anden Verdenskrig, i skyggen af atomtruslen og det 20. århundredes totalitarisme. Dengang lå det lige for at fortolke hans forfatterskab som et budskab fra en "kafkask" verden hvor det magtesløse menneske uvægerligt må bukke under for meningsløse bureaukratis...

  18. Letters by Franz Xaver von Zach to Ranieri Gerbi and Pompilio Pozzetti. (German Title: Briefe von Franz Xaver von Zach an Ranieri Gerbi und Pompilio Pozzetti)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Meschiari, Alberto

    Two letters by Zach to the physicist Gerbi at Pisa and one to the librarian Pozzetti at Bologna confirm once more the role of the first as collector and distributor of scientific information. In the second letter to Gerbi, Zach ensures the recipient that he had rightfully criticized the optical contributions of Goethe and that the latter doesn't enjoy any reputation as a scientist.

  19. The Nigrostriatal Dopamine System and Methamphetamine: Roles for Excitotoxicity and Environmental, Metabolic and Oxidative Stress

    Science.gov (United States)

    2005-07-01

    K. (1995) Methamphetamine -induced hyperthermia and dopaminergic neurotoxicity in mice: pharmacological profile of protective and nonprotective agents...glutamate receptors is protective against methamphetamine neurotoxicity . JNeurosci 22, 2135-2141. Beer R., Franz G., Srinivasan A., Hayes R. L., Pike B. R...1992) The neurotoxic effects of methamphetamine on 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine in brain: evidence for the protective effect of chlormethiazole

  20. DO EVOLUCIONISMO CLÁSSICO AO PARTICULARISMO HISTÓRICO NA ANTROPOLOGIA: PRINCIPAIS IDEIAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andressa Nunes Soilo

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available This article aims to present, briefly, the main ideas and relations between classic cultural evolutionary theory and historical particularism from Celso Castro’s book “Evolucionismo Cultural: textos de Morgan, Tylor e Frazer” (2005 and “Franz Boas – Antropologia Cultural” (2004. These perspectives marked the beginning of anthropology as a human science capable to understand man and his culture.

  1. William Healy, M.D., Father of the American Child Guidance Movement

    Science.gov (United States)

    1981-08-01

    courts, was another important development, starting in 1899. Meyer, Sigmund Freud , and Healy all contributed to the next step, which coupled the...Dummer Papers lists 454 correspondents. The prominent psychiatrists include: Franz Alexander, Trigant Burrow, Havelock Ellis, Flanders Dunbar, Sigmund ... Freud , Roy Grinker, William Healy, Karen Homey, Marion E. Kenworthy, Lawson Lowrey, Julse Masserman, Karl Menninger, Adolf Meyer, Smith Ely Jelliffe

  2. Phraseologismen und stereotype Sprechakte im Deutschen und im Französischen

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kauffer, Maurice

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available The topic of this paper is the definition and lexicographic treatment of pragmatic phraseologisms and in particular stereotypical speech acts in German and French. We begin with a critical examination of the traditional distinctions within pragmatic phraseologisms, i. e. between formulaic expressions, context-dependent phraseologisms and phraseologisms functioning as sentences. As a result, we propose a new, more clearly delineated set of stereotypical speech acts, i. e. phrases such as Na warte mal!,Sieh mal einer an!, Tu parles ! Tu vois ce que je vois ?.Stereotypical speech acts meet three requirements: semantic idiomaticity, utterance value and pragmatic function, and are generally used in spontaneous or fiction dialogues. Finally, we present a context-rich, corpus-based, bilingual dictionary of stereotypical speech acts that is being compiled in Nancy. Content and design of the dictionary are illustrated by two examples, la belle affaire and das ist die Höhe.

  3. [Remember, Avert, Prevent: Franz Ludwig Berthold Kihn--A Typology of "Euthanasia"].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Braun, B; Frewer, A; Kornhuber, J

    2015-11-01

    The current debate on assisted suicide provides the occasion for calling to mind the role of Berthold Kihn as a psychiatrist under National Socialism. With a historical presentation of a typology of euthanasia, the Academic Psychiatry of Erlangen together with the Medical Ethics would like to sensitize discussions on assisted suicide by drawing attention to the start and end of Kihn's scientific career. Relevant archive material, primary and secondary literature were analyzed and evaluated. As Assistant and Senior Physician at the Psychiatric and Neurological Hospital of the University of Erlangen, Kihn lectured on "the elimination of the inferiors". As Director of the Psychiatric and Neurological Hospital of Jena University, Kihn selected psychiatric patients to be murdered under the "T4 action". Kihn participated in drafting a "Euthanasia Law". Despite his involvement in the murder of mentally ill, Kihn returned to Erlangen as a "Soviet Zone refugee", where a Denazification Court considered him a "hanger-on". Kihn was reintegrated in the academic faculty of the Friedrich-Alexander-University and headed a private clinic. On 21.01.1963, the State's Attorney Nuremberg-Fuerth dropped the criminal procedure against Kihn--officially due to a lack of proof of punishable guilt. An appropriate medical historical contextualization can represent an important condition for an adequate medical ethical debate on physician-assisted suicide and the involvement of psychiatrists. FINAL COMMENT: The analysis of Kihn's patterns of thought and argumentation can help sensitize those involved in debates on physician-assisted suicide and highlights the critical role of psychiatry as a discipline in this context. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  4. Spectral Gap Estimates in Mean Field Spin Glasses

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ben Arous, Gérard; Jagannath, Aukosh

    2018-05-01

    We show that mixing for local, reversible dynamics of mean field spin glasses is exponentially slow in the low temperature regime. We introduce a notion of free energy barriers for the overlap, and prove that their existence imply that the spectral gap is exponentially small, and thus that mixing is exponentially slow. We then exhibit sufficient conditions on the equilibrium Gibbs measure which guarantee the existence of these barriers, using the notion of replicon eigenvalue and 2D Guerra Talagrand bounds. We show how these sufficient conditions cover large classes of Ising spin models for reversible nearest-neighbor dynamics and spherical models for Langevin dynamics. Finally, in the case of Ising spins, Panchenko's recent rigorous calculation (Panchenko in Ann Probab 46(2):865-896, 2018) of the free energy for a system of "two real replica" enables us to prove a quenched LDP for the overlap distribution, which gives us a wider criterion for slow mixing directly related to the Franz-Parisi-Virasoro approach (Franz et al. in J Phys I 2(10):1869-1880, 1992; Kurchan et al. J Phys I 3(8):1819-1838, 1993). This condition holds in a wider range of temperatures.

  5. Significant Electronic Thermal Transport in the Conducting Polymer Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Weathers, Annie; Khan, Zia Ullah; Brooke, Robert

    2015-01-01

    Suspended microdevices are employed to measure the in-plane electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient of suspended poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) thin films. The measured thermal conductivity is higher than previously reported for PEDOT and generally increases...... with the electrical conductivity. The increase exceeds that predicted by the Wiedemann–Franz law for metals and can be explained by significant electronic thermal transport in PEDOT....

  6. Kui kaua kestis Liivi sõda? / Aleksandr Filjuškin ; tõlkinud Jüri Ojamaa

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Filjuškin, Aleksandr, 1970-

    2015-01-01

    Liivi sõja erinevatest kronoloogilistest raamidest. Sagedased konfliktid piirialadel olid 16. sajandil tavalised. Nimetust Liivi sõda kasutas esimesena Tilmann Bredebach. Liivi sõjast Baltikumis on kirjutatud neli kroonikat: Johann Renneri kroonika, Balthasar Russowi kroonika, Solomon Henningi kroonika ja Franz Nyensstedti kroonika. Liivi sõja etappidest. Artikli autor eelistaks väljakujunenud kronoloogiliste raamide asemel rääkida Balti sõdadest aastatel 1555-1595

  7. Strategic Aggression: Conditions that Could Trigger Aggressive Military Action by the People’s Republic of China

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-05-23

    interests threw the government into chaos. Hindenburg appointed Franz von Papen as Chancellor on June 1. Three days later he dissolved parliament...then cooperated in an attempt to unseat von Papen by demanding from Hindenburg the appointment of Hitler as Chancellor, which Hindenburg denied...Because he could not secure majority support for his government, von Papen again dissolved parliament on September 12, and scheduled the fourth election

  8. Two new species of Euconnus (Rhomboconnus) in Peru and Bolivia (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae).

    Science.gov (United States)

    JaŁoszyŃski, PaweŁ

    2018-01-25

    To date, the subgenus Rhomboconnus Franz of Euconnus Thomson was represented by ten species known to occur in Venezuela, Panama and Ecuador. For the first time Rhomboconnus is reported to occur in Peru and Bolivia, and two new species are described: Euconnus wari sp. n. (Peru) and E. inkachakanus sp. n. (Bolivia). The latter species is the largest representative of Rhomboconnus, with body length exceeding 3 mm.

  9. Hans Blumenberg: Philosophy and Literature from 1952 to 1958

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alberto Fragio

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available From 1952 to 1958 Hans Blumenberg [1920-1996] wrote five philosophical reviews on literature published in the German journal Hochland that have received very little attention by the scholars. This paper focus on Blumenberg’s early reviews devoted to Franz Kafka [1883-1924], Evelyn Waugh [1903-1966], Ernest Hemingway [1899-1961], Thomas S. Eliot [1888- 1965] and William Faulkner [1897-1962].

  10. Mass rearing of the Medfly temperature sensitive lethal genetic sexing strain in Guatemala

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Caceres, C.; Fisher, K.; Rendon, P.

    2000-01-01

    Field tests have demonstrated the increased efficiency of the sterile insect technique (SIT) for the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata Wied.), when only male Medflies are released (Robinson et al. 1986, Nitzan et al. 1993, McInnis et al. 1994, Rendon 1996). Genetic sexing strains (GSS) of Medflies, containing temperature sensitive lethal (tsl) and white pupae colour (wp) mutations (Franz et al. 1994) developed by FAO/IAEA, allow the separation of male flies from female flies. GSS technology has reached a stage where it is being used in large-scale operational programmes, such as the Moscamed Program in Guatemala. GSS based on the wp/tsl have the advantages of: 1) not requiring sophisticated equipment for sex separation, 2) a high accuracy of separation (> 99.5% males) is possible and, 3) separation is achieved during egg development, which excludes the unnecessary rearing of females (Franz et al. 1996). It was shown by Franz et al. (1994) that tsl GSS are genetically stable for many generations under small-scale rearing conditions. However, under the large-scale rearing of operational programmes such as Moscamed (Hentze and Mata 1987), a gradual loss of the sex separation mechanism through recombination remains a problem, as has been demonstrated in Guatemala during 1994-1996. This in no way precludes the use of GSS technology, but it does mean that a management system must be used to control this gradual loss of stability; a strategy for colony management which maintains a stable and high level of accuracy of male-only production. The El Pino facility, which mass produces sterile flies for the Guatemala Medflies SIT Program, has introduced a filter rearing system (FRS) (Fisher and Caceres 1999), and has demonstrated in a Medfly tsl GSS known as VIENNA 4/Tol-94, that genetic stability can be maintained. We report the operation of the FRS and its impact upon genetic stability and male-only production. The concept of the FRS has the potential to improve the

  11. Sobre o caráter apriorístico do princípio ético

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Evandro Oliveira de Brito

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1677-2954.2014v13n2p420 Tradução de uma carta enviada por Franz Brentano à Oskar Kraus, em 24 de março de 1904, na qual Brentano afirma o caráter apriorístico do princípio ético e expõe o fundamento do seu realismo moral.

  12. Role of different biodegradable polymers on the permeability of ciprofloxacin

    OpenAIRE

    Chakraborti, Chandra Kanti; Sahoo, Subhashree; Behera, Pradipta Kumar

    2014-01-01

    Since permeability across biological membranes is a key factor in the absorption and distribution of drugs, drug permeation characteristics of three oral suspensions of ciprofloxacin were designed and compared. The three suspensions of ciprofloxacin were prepared by taking biodegradable polymers such as carbopol 934, carbopol 940, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). The permeability study was performed by using a Franz diffusion cell through both synthetic cellulose acetate membrane and...

  13. Effects of Sizes and Conformations of Fish-Scale Collagen Peptides on Facial Skin Qualities and Transdermal Penetration Efficiency

    OpenAIRE

    Chai, Huey-Jine; Li, Jing-Hua; Huang, Han-Ning; Li, Tsung-Lin; Chan, Yi-Lin; Shiau, Chyuan-Yuan; Wu, Chang-Jer

    2010-01-01

    Fish-scale collagen peptides (FSCPs) were prepared using a given combination of proteases to hydrolyze tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) scales. FSCPs were determined to stimulate fibroblast cells proliferation and procollagen synthesis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The transdermal penetration capabilities of the fractionationed FSCPs were evaluated using the Franz-type diffusion cell model. The heavier FSCPs, 3500 and 4500?Da, showed higher cumulative penetration capability as opposed to the...

  14. Pärlid mustalt turult / Pekka Erelt

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Erelt, Pekka, 1965-

    2010-01-01

    Kadrioru Kunstimuuseumi näitusel "Šedöövri sünd" eksponeeritud maalide päritolust. Suur osa kunstiteostest osteti Moskvast ja Petrogradist. Lähemalt järgmistest maalidest: Lambert Jacobsz "Õhtusöök Emmauses", Hieronymus Boschi lähikondne "Rahavahetajate ja kaubitsejate väljaajamine templist", Andrea Vaccaro ateljee "Simson ja Delila", Jacob Jordaens "Püha perekond", Franz Xaver Winterhalter "Vürstinna Olimpiada Barjatinskaja portree"

  15. Reviews of recent publications

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available Julian W. Connolly, ed. The Cambridge Companion to Nabokov . Thomas Seifrid Simon Franklin and Emma Widdis, eds. National Identity in Russian Culture: An Introduction . Keith Livers Sander L. Gilman. Franz Kafka . Esther K. Bauer Jill Robbins, ed. P/herversions: Critical Studies of Ana Rossetti . Roberta Johnson Jennifer Warburton. John Fowles: A Life in Two Worlds . John Fowles. The Journals, Vol. I . Ed. Charles Drazin Gerd Bayer

  16. Anesthesia of Torek's operation: the first successful resection of a cancer in the thoracic esophagus-an abridged translation of an essay in Japanese.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fujita, Hiromasa

    2017-02-01

    The first successful resection of a cancer in the thoracic esophagus was performed by Franz Torek around one hundred years ago. Awareness of developments in surgery and the early history can stimulate and foster innovation among surgeons, as well as promote a deeper appreciation of the pioneers of the methods still used today. Here we report the conditions leading to Torek's operation performed in 1913. In the operation, anesthesia was achieved by tracheal insufflation. Ernst Sauerbruch, a surgeon in Germany, first developed a negative-pressure chamber for anesthesia in 1903 and subsequently used this in many open-chest operations. Then in 1909 Samuel Meltzer, a physiologist in New York, proposed ventilation through an intratracheal tube while under anesthesia. Soon afterwards, Sauerbruch gave his chamber to Willey Meyer, a surgeon in the New York German Hospital, who reported Sauerbruch's success in operations in the American journal. The negative-pressure chamber was sent to the Meltzer's laboratory where Meltzer demonstrated that tracheal insufflation was superior to the negative-pressure chamber for open thoracic operations. These findings were conveyed to Meyer and to Franz Torek, a surgeon in the New York German Hospital and a colleague of Meyer, who succeeded in the historical first resection of a cancer in the thoracic esophagus according to Meltzer.

  17. Geographical distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in the Norwegian and Russian Arctic

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lie, E.; Bernhoft, A.; Riget, F.; Belikov, Stanislav; Boltunov, Andrei N.; Derocher, A.E.; Garner, G.W.; Wiig, O.; Skaare, J.U.

    2003-01-01

    Geographical variation of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) was studied in blood samples from 90 adult female polar bear (Ursus maritimus) from Svalbard, Franz Josef Land, Kara Sea, East-Siberian Sea and Chukchi Sea. In all regions, oxychlordane was the dominant OCP. Regional differences in mean levels of HCB, oxychlordane, trans-nonachlor, ??-HCH, ??-HCH and p,p???-DDE were found. The highest levels of oxychlordane, trans-nonachlor and DDE were found in polar bears from Franz Josef Land and Kara Sea. HCB level was lowest in polar bears from Svalbard. Polar bears from Chukchi Sea had the highest level of ??- and ??-HCH. The lowest ??-HCH concentration was found in bears from Kara Sea. In all the bears, ???HCHs was dominated by ??-HCH. The geographical variation in OCP levels and pattern may suggest regional differences in pollution sources and different feeding habits in the different regions. Polar bears from the Western Russian Arctic were exposed to higher levels of chlordanes and p,p???-DDE than polar bears from locations westwards and eastwards from this region. This may imply the presence of a significant pollution source in the Russian Arctic area. The study suggests that the western Russian Arctic is the most contaminated region of the Arctic and warrants further research. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

  18. Pool-Frenkel thermoelectric modulation of exciton photoluminescence in GaSe crystals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ertap, H.; Mamedov, G.M.; Karabulut, M.; Bacioglu, A.

    2011-01-01

    Effect of external field on the exciton photoluminescence of GaSe crystals has been investigated and it has been observed that the PL is quenched with the applied field. The changes observed in the PL spectra have been analyzed with impact exciton, Franz-Keldysh and Pool-Frenkel effects. From the analyses of the experimental data, it has been found that the intensity of direct free, indirect free and bound exciton peaks decreased exponentially with the square root of applied field as I∼exp-β√E. The energy positions of emission peaks were found to shift to longer wavelength with the applied field as ΔE∼β√E. From these findings, the Pool-Frenkel thermoelectric field effect is seen to be the dominant mechanism in the variation of exciton PL with the applied field even though the impact exciton and Franz-Keldysh effects contribute. - Highlights: → Exciton PL intensity varies with the applied field. It decreases with the square root of E in accordance with Pool-Frenkel effect. → In the intrinsic region of PL spectrum, lines belonging to direct and indirect free/bound excitons were observed. → Line positions shifted to longer wavelengths with the applied field. → It was shown that amplitude modulation of exciton PL with electric field was possible.

  19. ¿Cuál es el problema con el cálculo de utilidad?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Molina Velásquez

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available Un problema de la ética del bien común, planteado por Franz Hinkelammert es el que representa el “calculo de utilidad”. En el articulo se valora positivamente el carácter consecuencialista de este planteamiento, a la vez que se señalan las virtudes de ciertas versiones del utilitarismo, así como las dificultades con expresiones como “utilidad” o “bienestar para todos”. También se propone recurrir a las ideas de Hinkelammert en el orden del reconocimiento de los limites de factibilidad, lo cual permitiría realizar una crítica original y constructiva a las corrientes utilitaristas y consecuencialistas predominantes. Abstract One problem of the common good ethics posed by Franz J. Hinkelammert is the “calculation of utility”. In this article the consequentialist character of this exposition is positively valued and at the same time it is pointed out the virtues of certain versions of utilitarism as well as, the difficulties posed by expressions as “utility” and “well-being”. It is proposed also to resort to Hinkelammert’s ideas in the orden of recognition of the feasibility limits which would allow us to make a original and constructive critic to the prevailing utilitarian and consequentialist currents.

  20. Playing with anthems: The formation of the cult of empress Elisabeth in Hungarian music

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Windhager Ákos

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available In this paper I reveal how the cult of Empress Elisabeth affected the reception of three different volumes of Hungarian music. These three works are: Erzsébet-emlény (Elisabeth Memorial Album, 1854 edited by Kornél Ábrányi; Erzsébet (Elisabeth, 1854 opera by Károly Doppler, Ferenc Doppler and Ferenc Erkel; and Die Legende von der heiligen Elisabeth (The Legend of Saint Elisabeth, 1865 by Franz Liszt. In spite of their high artistic level, the first two works were banned by the cultural elite who interpreted them as Habsburgian political music after the downfall of the dual state. On the other hand, the intentionally apolitical oratorio by Franz Liszt was regarded by the same cultural elite as the highest standard of artistic representation of the Empress. As a consequence of parallel distribution of both imperially and nationally constructed memories, a strange diffusion appeared in the social sphere, especially in Hungarian cultural memory. Conflicting memories emerged due to the discrepancy between the original Hungarian political myth (Kossuth-myth and Empress Elisabeth’s cult. Using the terminology introduced by Claude Lévi-Strauss, I have labeled this situation as the clash of the cold and hot society in Hungary during the 19th century.

  1. Das "Modèle rhénan" aus französischer Sicht

    OpenAIRE

    Decouard, Emmanuel

    2008-01-01

    The relationship between France and Germany is still a complex one, and the French perception of the social market economy is a perfect example of the ambivalence that both nations feel towards each other. Already a short glance at the history of economics - from the physiocrates to Keynes and then to Walter Eucken - shows that a profound philosophical and political rift divides France and Germany. In more recent times, this division has been perfectly illustrated by the totally different app...

  2. メスメリスムの文化史

    OpenAIRE

    奥村, 大介

    2015-01-01

    Mesmerism or animal magnetism, which a German-born heterodox physician, Franz Anton Mesmer (1734-1815) founded, was the therapy by so called “magnetic fluid”. Since nineteenth century, people have become suspicious of the existence of magnetic fluid and mesmerism's medical efficacy. But afterword, mesmerism continued to have important effects on the cultural history from the era down to modern times, for instance in the fields of opera, ballet, literature, paintings, social thought, psychoana...

  3. Number 13 / Part I. Music. 11. Great Contemporary Pianists in Interpretative Dialogue: Alfred Brendel and Murray Perahia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tudor Brînduşa

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available The choice of valuable interpretative versions is highly important for both pianists on their way to performance and teachers in their complex activity of piano training. These become real models of esthetical thinking and artistic inspiration in the approach of a musical work. We shall use Sonata in D minor D 958 by Franz Schubert as an interpretative analysis model in the view of the pianists Alfred Brendel and Murray Perahia.

  4. Single-cycle Pulse Synthesis by Coherent Superposition of Ultra-broadband Optical Parametric Amplifiers

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-08-01

    Research Council Centre of Excellence, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia, 3IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica , Politecnico di...Cristian Manzoni, 1,* Jeffrey Moses, 2 Franz X. Kärtner, 2,3 and Giulio Cerullo 1 1IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica , Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L...Cerullo1 1 IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica , Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy 2 Department of Electrical

  5. 40 years Becker Mining Systems - from small business to internationally successful mining supplier; 40 Jahre Becker Mining Systems - vom Kleinbetrieb zum international erfolgreichen Bergwerksausruester

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Anon.

    2004-11-01

    Becker Mining Systems was founded in 1964 by Walter Becker, a mining engineer at Maybach coal mine in Friedrichsthal. On the 40th birthday party his son, Dr Franz Becker, reviewed the company history. Other felicitators were Dr. Georgi, Minister for Economic Affairs in Saarland, Dr. Walter-Borjahns, State Secretary in the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Labor in North Rhine-Westphalia, and Dr. Eikhoff, member of board of directors of DSK. (uke)

  6. The Psycho-Affective Echoes of Colonialism in Fieldwork Relations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Robert Garot

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available This article describes the varieties of relations with African immigrant interviewees in Tuscany as experienced by a white male interviewer from the United States. Franz FANON's discussion of the psycho-affective consequences of colonialism is vital for understanding how naïve and romantic notions of fieldwork relations are disingenuous, counter-productive and perhaps destructive in a neo-colonial landscape. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1401125

  7. Effect of different polymers on in vitro and ex vivo permeability of Ofloxacin from its mucoadhesive suspensions

    OpenAIRE

    Chakraborti, Chandra Kanti; Sahoo, Subhashree; Behera, Pradipta Kumar

    2014-01-01

    Considering the importance of drug permeation from formulations, in vitro and ex vivo drug permeation characteristics of three oral mucoadhesive suspensions of Ofloxacin were designed and compared. Three suspensions of Ofloxacin were prepared by taking two grades of Carbopol polymer such as Carbopol 934 (C934) and Carbopol 940 (C940); and Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. The permeability study was performed by using a Franz diffusion cell through both synthetic cellulose acetate membrane and ex...

  8. Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy: Totalitarian Menace or Monolithic Illusion? An Analysis of the Axis Coalition

    Science.gov (United States)

    2004-06-17

    no confidence in against Chancellor Franz von Papen . This led to new elections on 6 November which had unintended consequences--the Nazi’s lost 2...their living space and to maintain peace.1 Preamble to the Pact of Steel On 22 May 1939, the German Reich Minister for Foreign Affairs, Joachim von ...alliance and war. 5 In Germany, Hitler continued to accumulate power after January 1933. With the death of President Paul von Hindenburg, Hitler

  9. Nation and the Eucharist. The Polish section at the 23rd International Eucharistic Congress in Vienna (1912

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jan Józef Janicki

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available First Eucharistic congresses were first established in France, which for centuries stood out among Catholic nations for its special worship of the Blessed Sacrament. The first international congress was held in 1881 in Lille. The 23rd International Eucharistic Congress took place in 11-15 September 1912 in Vienna under the auspices of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. The article discusses the activity of the Polish section at the congress.

  10. Wissenschaftliche Netzwerke und klassifikatorische Bedeutung im Psychiatrischen Handbuch (Traité de Psychiatrie der Medizinisch-Chirurgischen Enzyklopädie (1947-1977 am Beispiel des Begriffes der Psychose

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Emmanuel Delille

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Der deutsche Ausdruck ‘Psychose’ (Carl Friedrich Canstatt, 1841 ist der wissenschaftliche Begriff, der sich zur Bezeichnung von bestimmten Geisteskrankheiten durchgesetzt hat. Als Ausgangsperspektive für die Untersuchung dient dabei die Geschichte der wissenschaftlichen Soziabilitäten. Der Zeitraum (1947-1977 wurde entsprechend der Tätigkeit des französischen Psychiaters Henri Ey im Rahmen der Gruppe „l’Evolution Psychiatrique“ (die Psychiatrische Entwicklung abgesteckt. Ich untersuche in ...

  11. Daily Report, Supplement, East Europe.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1993-07-22

    Vaclav Klaus, upon returning from Bavaria, observed in front of a TV camera that negotiations with Sudeten Germans could be entrusted, for instance...the partner declares, "Enough dialogue, let’s begin negotiat- ing." After all, Franz Neubauer , also, commented on Thursday on the setting up of the...asked whether a report had been prepared regarding the events on Kolumbusz Street, because eyewit- nesses had seen video cameras on persons believed to

  12. Kultur- und Nationalbewusstsein:zur Gestaltung einer nationalen Identität Madagaskars

    OpenAIRE

    Wallner, I. (Ingo)

    2013-01-01

    Die Zusammenführung der einzelnen madagassischen Gesellschaften zu einer „Prä-Nation“ fand 1896 durch die franz. Annexion Madagaskars ein Ende. Die Gesellschaften, in denen die Familie, ihre Ahnen, das Land der Ahnen sowie die kosmologischen Beziehungen den räumlich begrenzten identitären Horizont bildeten, instrumentalisierte die Kolonialmacht durch ihre politique des races. Ethnisierung wurde zum Instrument einer divide et impera-Politik. Das Ergebnis war der Abbruch einer Entwicklung zu na...

  13. Vive la diversité! Vive La Diversité!

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Doris Kolesch

    2002-11-01

    Full Text Available Der erste deutschsprachige Sammelband zu Homosexualität, Queerness und nicht-normativer Sexualität in der französischen Literatur- und Kulturgeschichte beleuchtet die verschiedenen Facetten dieses weiten Themenbereichs aus unterschiedlichen historischen und methodischen Perspektiven.Drawing on diverse historical and methodological perspectives, this first anthology of homosexuality, queerness, and non-normative sexualities in French literary and cultural history ever to be published in German investigates various facets of diverse sexualities.

  14. Metamorfosis: La animalidad y el mito en La Metamorfosis de Kafka y Axolotl de Cortázar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Catalina Villalobos Díaz

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo propone una lectura de la animalidad, principalmente de la metamorfosis, por medio de dos relatos de dos grandes escritores de la literatura: Axolotl, de Julio Cortázar, y La Metamorfosis, de Franz Kafka. A través de estos textos, se plantea un análisis con respecto a lo que representa una transformación y el mito tras la metamorfosis como tal.

  15. Computational physics an introduction

    CERN Document Server

    Vesely, Franz J

    1994-01-01

    Author Franz J. Vesely offers students an introductory text on computational physics, providing them with the important basic numerical/computational techniques. His unique text sets itself apart from others by focusing on specific problems of computational physics. The author also provides a selection of modern fields of research. Students will benefit from the appendixes which offer a short description of some properties of computing and machines and outline the technique of 'Fast Fourier Transformation.'

  16. A filter rearing system for mass reared genetic sexing strains of Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fisher, Kingsley; Caceres, Carlos

    2000-01-01

    The Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wied.), is arguably the world's most widespread pest of fresh fruit production. With mounting controversy over using chemicals against insect pests, the sterile insect technique (SIT) has become increasingly more important as a successful technology in controlling or eradicating many insect pests. However, the wider adoption of SIT for Medflies has been hindered by damage to fruit from sterile female stings (Hendrichs et al. 1995). Moreover, the release of sterile females in SIT for Medflies is not efficacious (Hendrichs et al. 1995), a point validated in the field in Hawaii (McInnis et al. 1994) and Guatemala (Rendon, personal communication). Hendrichs et al. (1995) list many other advantages for releasing only male Medflies including improved economy, increased safety and improved field monitoring. Genetic systems for the separation of sexes have been developed for Medflies (Franz and Kerremans 1994, Willhoeft et al. 1996) and they allow for large-scale releases of only males. Genetic sexing strains (GSS), as they are known, are based upon selectable characters linked to the male sex by using a Y-autosome translocation (Franz et al. 1996). There are two types of GSS used in mass rearing. First, strains based upon a recessive mutation (wp) change the pupal colour from brown to white. In these strains, females emerge from white pupae and males from brown pupae. A machine is used to sort the pupae based upon colour. First described by Robinson and Van Heemert (1982), the most recent strain, SEIB 6-96 based upon the T(Y;5) 2-22 translocation, is relatively stable in small scale rearing (Franz et al. 1994). Second are the temperature sensitive lethal strains (wp/tsl) which carry a temperature sensitive lethal (tsl) mutation in addition to wp. In tsl strains, female embryos are killed by exposing eggs to a 3 C temperature during development (Franz et al. 1996). Male embryos are not temperature sensitive and

  17. Bedrock cores from 89° North: Implications for the geologic framework and Neogene paleoceanography of Lomonosov Ridge and a tie to the Barents shelf

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grantz, Arthur; Pease, Victoria L.; Willard, Debra A.; Phillips, R.L.; Clark, David L.

    2001-01-01

    Two piston cores from the Eurasian flank of Lomonosov Ridge near lat 88.9°N, long 140°E provide the first samples of bedrock from this high-standing trans-Arctic ridge. Core 94-PC27 sampled nonmarine siltstone similar in facies and age to uppermost Triassic to lower Lower Jurassic and mid– Lower Cretaceous beds in the 4 to > 5 km Mesozoic section on Franz Josef Land, on the outer Barents shelf. A ca. 250 Ma peak in the cumulative frequency curve of detrital zircons from the siltstone, dated by U- Th-Pb analysis, suggests a source in the post-tectonic syenites of northern Taymyr and nearby islands in the Kara Sea. Textural trends reported in the literature indicate that the Lower Jurassic nonmarine strata of Franz Josef Land coarsen to the southeast; this suggests the existence of a sedimentary system in which detrital zircons could be transported from the northern Taymyr Peninsula to the outer Barents shelf near the position of core 94-PC27 prior to opening of the Eurasia Basin. Correlation of the coaly siltstone in core 94-PC27 with part of the Mesozoic section on Franz Josef Land is compatible with the strong evidence from seafloor magnetic anomalies and bathymetry that Lomonosov Ridge is a continental fragment rifted from the Barents shelf during the Cenozoic. It also suggests that Lomonosov Ridge near the North Pole is underlain by a substantial section of unmetamorphosed Mesozoic marine and nonmarine sedimentary strata. Core 94-PC29 sampled cyclical deposits containing ice-rafted debris (IRD) overlying weakly consolidated laminated olive-black anoxic Neogene siltstone and mudstone with an average total organic carbon (TOC) of 4.1 wt%. The high TOC content of the mudstone indicates that during the Neogene, prior to the introduction of IRD into the Arctic seas about 3.3 Ma (early late Pliocene), the shallow waters of the central Arctic Ocean supported significant primary photosynthetic organic production near the North Pole. These deposits also contain fine

  18. Pedestrian detection for underground mine vehicles using thermal images

    CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

    Dickens, JS

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available , ?Proximity detection,? August 2010. [On- line]. Available: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/topics/ topicpage58.htm [4] P. Laliberte?, ?Summary study of underground commu- nications technologies,? CANMET Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratories, Tech. Rep... Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, vol. 101, no. 3, pp. 127?134, May 2001. [12] W. M. Marx and R. M. Franz, ?Determine appropriate criteria for acceptable environmental conditions,? CSIR: Division of Mining Technology, DeepMine Research Task 6...

  19. Fantasies of fragmentation in Conrad, Kafka and Pessoa : literary strategies to express strangeness in a hetero-social context

    OpenAIRE

    Bär, Gerald

    2011-01-01

    Many authors, such as Chamisso, Conrad, Rilke, Kafka, Pessoa, Goll, Nabokov, Celan and Beckett grew up bi- or multilingual, or lived in linguistically and culturally hybrid regions. Recurring to examples of texts by Joseph Conrad, Franz Kafka and Fernando Pessoa, this paper focuses on their common tendency of developing new concepts of the self, by exploring the frontiers of alterity. In a social context, which is often experienced as threatening, the strangeness of being of their liter...

  20. Die Kunst der Projektion. Romantik und Dekonstruktion in den Filmen André Téchinés

    OpenAIRE

    Merlin, Dieter

    2012-01-01

    Thema der vorliegenden Untersuchung sind die Dekonstruktionsmechanismen, mit deren Hilfe metaphysisch begründete Liebeskonzeptionen in den Filmen des französischen Post-Nouvelle-Vague-Regisseurs André Téchiné (geb. 1943) einer kinematographischen Kritik unterworfen werden. Diese Mechanismen werden anhand einer Auswahl von fünf Filmen – HÔTEL DES AMÉRIQUES (1981), LES ROSEAUX SAUVAGES (1994), LES VOLEURS (1996), LOIN (2001) und LES TEMPS QUI CHANGENT (2004) – sowohl unter ästhetisch-formalen a...

  1. Vliv vědeckého řízení na formování teorie a praxe řízení v meziválečném Československu

    OpenAIRE

    Kynclová, Veronika

    2014-01-01

    This bachelor thesis deals with management theory and practice in interwar Czechoslovakia and its connection to American Scientific Management. The aim is to provide a comprehensive view of the various aspects and critically point out successes and failures based on the study of historical documents. The topic is put into historical context and introduces the initial economic situation. Both representatives of theory (Stanislav Špaček, Václav Verunáč) and practice (Franz Hummelberger, Karel L...

  2. SPATIAL DIMENSION OF EXTERNALITIES AND THE COASE THEOREM: IMPLICATIONS FOR CO-EXISTENCE OF TRANSGENIC CROPS

    OpenAIRE

    Beckmann, Volker; Wesseler, Justus

    2005-01-01

    "No form of agriculture should be excluded in the EU." Many observers see this recent statement by European agricultural commissioner Franz Fischler as a clear signal towards a nearby lifting of the quasi EU moratorium on transgenic crops (or GMs for short) launched in 1998 (European Commission 2002). One of the last obstacles towards lifting the moratorium, however, is the problem of coexistence. How can GM-crops and non-GM-crops coexist? Since the European Environmental Agency published its...

  3. On the Advantages and Defects of the American Structuralism

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    徐晓莹

    2004-01-01

    During the years at the end of the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth century when Saussure was working out his ideas in Europe, synchronic linguistics was emerging independently, and in a very different style, in America, under the leadership of the anthropologist Franz Boas. Boas set a direction for American linguistics. The school founded by Boas was called structural linguistics. Beside Boas, the other two major representatives of this school during this period were: Sapir and Bloomfield.

  4. Im Bild sprechen: Cixous Visual Instruction: Cixous

    OpenAIRE

    Jens E. Sennewald

    2006-01-01

    Gemeinsam von Künstlern und Wissenschaftlern/Philosophen erstellte Bücher sind selten und nicht immer erfolgreich. Eines der Fährnisse ist das Verhältnis zwischen bildlichen und schriftlichen Anteilen: Nicht selten wird der künstlerische Anteil zur Illustration der dominierenden Schrift. Eine Neupositionierung des Bildes im Buch ist nun der amerikanischen Künstlerin Roni Horn gelungen. Mehr als „sujet“ ihres Buches, ist die französische Philosophin Hélène Cixous gleichsam instruierende „Stimm...

  5. The Role of Western Germany in West European Defense

    Science.gov (United States)

    1966-04-08

    Ralph. Modern German History. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., Inc., 1964. (DD175 F5) 34. German Research Association. Germany: Franz Steiner Verlag Gmb...and Rudolf , Walter. This Germany. New York: New York Graphic Society Publishers, Ltd., 1954. (DD257 L42) 39. Heidenheimer, Arnold J. The Government...202-07, 243. 47. Lauder, K. H. A Brief Review of Science and Technoloc in Western Germany. London: HIISO, 1955. (Q18 G4G7) 48. Leonhardt, Rudolf Walter

  6. Progesterone lipid nanoparticles: Scaling up and in vivo human study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Esposito, Elisabetta; Sguizzato, Maddalena; Drechsler, Markus; Mariani, Paolo; Carducci, Federica; Nastruzzi, Claudio; Cortesi, Rita

    2017-10-01

    This investigation describes a scaling up study aimed at producing progesterone containing nanoparticles in a pilot scale. Particularly hot homogenization techniques based on ultrasound homogenization or high pressure homogenization have been employed to produce lipid nanoparticles constituted of tristearin or tristearin in association with caprylic-capric triglyceride. It was found that the high pressure homogenization method enabled to obtain nanoparticles without agglomerates and smaller mean diameters with respect to ultrasound homogenization method. X-ray characterization suggested a lamellar structural organization of both type of nanoparticles. Progesterone encapsulation efficiency was almost 100% in the case of high pressure homogenization method. Shelf life study indicated a double fold stability of progesterone when encapsulated in nanoparticles produced by the high pressure homogenization method. Dialysis and Franz cell methods were performed to mimic subcutaneous and skin administration. Nanoparticles constituted of tristearin in mixture with caprylic/capric triglyceride display a slower release of progesterone with respect to nanoparticles constituted of pure tristearin. Franz cell evidenced a higher progesterone skin uptake in the case of pure tristearin nanoparticles. A human in vivo study, based on tape stripping, was conducted to investigate the performance of nanoparticles as progesterone skin delivery systems. Tape stripping results indicated a decrease of progesterone concentration in stratum corneum within six hours, suggesting an interaction between nanoparticle material and skin lipids. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  7. Estudo de liberação in vitro do filtro solar p-metoxicinamato de octila incluso em lipossoma e β-ciclodextrina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E. P. SANTOS

    2009-05-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a liberação do p-metoxicinamato de octila (MCO a partir de três formulações em gel. A primeira contendo o MCO livre, a segunda contendo o MCO incluso em β-ciclodextrina (β-CD/MCO e a terceira contendo o MCO incluso em lipossoma (lipossoma/MCO. O estudo de liberação foi realizado em células de difusão do tipo Franz usando membrana artifi cial de acetato de celulose. A concentração de MCO liberada foi determinada por cromatografi a líquida de alta efi ciência (CLAE. Os perfi s de liberação in vitro mostraram que a inclusão do MCO nesses sistemas de liberação reduziu a liberação do MCO para a solução receptora comparando com a formulação de MCO livre. Entre as formulações de β-CD/MCO e lipossoma/MCO, a que liberou menor concentração de MCO para a solução receptora foi a formulação de lipossoma/MCO, mostrando os melhores resultados. Palavras-chave: p-metoxicinamato de octila; lipossoma; ciclodextrina; célula de Franz; liberação in vitro.

  8. Thema:Gleichheit Natur –Mensch:Aufbrechen der anthropozentrischen Maßstäbe in der Globalisierungsdebatte Überlegungen zum Stellenwert der Philosophie in der Globalisierungsdebatte

    OpenAIRE

    Dungl, Eva

    2003-01-01

    Seminararbeit im Rahmen des Seminars Globalisierung und Philosophie im WS 2003/2004 bei Univ.-Prof.Dr.Franz Martin Wimmer Inhalt:EINLEITUNG I.Infragestellen der Ökonomie als Wohlfahrt des Menschen II.Einbindung der Ethik in die Ökonomie III.Ist die Einbindung der Ethik in die Ökonomie möglich?IV.Versuch eines ontolologisch-erkenntnistheoretischen Ansatzes im Verhältnis Natur-Mensch I.Natur versus Technik HAUPTTEIL I.Natur versus Technik II.Der "Natur â€?-Begriff im a...

  9. Film. Euroopa filmiakadeemia andis välja 2005.aasta filmiauhinnad

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    IX PÖFFil linastuv Michael Haneke film "Varjatud" ("Cache") võitis laupäeval mitu Euroopa Filmiakadeemia auhinda, sealhulgas parima filmi, parima lavastaja, parima meesnäitleja (Daniel Auteuil), monteerija (Michael Hudecek, Nadine Muse) ja FIPRESCI auhinna. Parim naisnäitleja - Julia Jentsch ("Sophie Scholli viimased päevad"), operaator - Franz Lustig ("Don't Come Knocking"), stsenaarium - Hany Abu-Assad, Bero Beyer ("Kohe paradiisi"), helilooja - Rupert Gregson-Williams, Andrea Guerra ("Hotel Rwanda"). Elutööpreemia sai sir Sean Connery

  10. Kriminologie und Kriminalistik im Zugriff der Geschichtswissenschaft

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Peter-Alexis Albrecht

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Rezensierte Werke:Silviana Galassi, Kriminologie im Deutschen Kaiserreich. Geschichte einer gebrochenen Verwissen­schaftlichung, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2004, 452 S., ISBN 3-515-08352-9; Peter Becker, Dem Täter auf der Spur. Eine Geschichte der Kriminalistik, Darmstadt: Primus Verlag 2005, 287 S., ISBN 3-89678-275-4; Peter Becker, Richard F. Wetzell (Hg., Criminals and their Scientists. The History of Criminology in International Perspective, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2006, 492 S., ISBN 0-521-81012-4

  11. A High Angular Resolution Survey of Massive Stars in Cygnus OB2: Results from the Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensors

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-02-01

    Horch et al. 2006; Nelan et al. 2012). At these separations we are sampling systems where the components would evolve independently of each other but are...online journal.) the shape of an S-curve is slightly broadened for redder targets ( Horch et al. 2006). We chose calibrators whose colors are within ±0.2...Kudritzki, R. P., & Villamariz, M. R. 2001, A&A, 366, 623 Horch , E. P., Franz, O. G., Wasserman, L. H., & Heasley, J. N. 2006, AJ, 132, 836 Kennedy, M

  12. Donald Trump: A Critical Theory-Perspective on Authoritarian Capitalism

    OpenAIRE

    Christian Fuchs

    2017-01-01

    This paper analyses economic power, state power and ideological power in the age of Donald Trump with the help of critical theory. It applies the critical theory approaches of thinkers such as Franz Neumann, Theodor W. Adorno and Erich Fromm. It analyses changes of US capitalism that have together with political anxiety and demagoguery brought about the rise of Donald Trump. This article draws attention to the importance of state theory for understanding Trump and the changes of politics that...

  13. The Conflict Aftermath - A Chance for Democracy: Norm Diffusion in Post-Conflict Peace Building

    Science.gov (United States)

    2007-06-01

    after losing Hindenburg’s support. The governments in the last year of the republic under Franz von Papen , and Kurt von Schleicher, were short-lived and...Emperor, the empowerment of the peace party in the Reichstag under Prince Max von Baden and to the formal change of the political system to democracy with...Wolfgang Kapp, General von Lüttwitz, and General Ludendorff to give up their project. In spite of this happy ending for the republic, the putsch left a

  14. Edukas Kristiina Uslar

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2007-01-01

    Jaapanis Kanazawas rahvusvahelisel konkurssnäitusel Glass Kanazawa 2007 pälvis klaasikunstnik Kristiina Uslar töö "Data Turbine IV" eest ühe kuuest autasust. Võuidutöid saab näha Notojima Klaasikunsti Muuseumis. Näitusel Young Glass 2007 Ebeltofti Klaasimuuseumis Taanis, kus saavad osaleda kuni 35-aastased kunstnikud, valiti K. Uslari töö finaali. Rahvusvahelisel noorte kunstnike konkursil Jutta Cuny Franz Memorial Award said K. Uslari tööd "Exit" ja "Data Turbine I" ühe viiest audiplomist

  15. The Cut of the Scythe

    Science.gov (United States)

    1988-06-03

    Adolf Hitler, the German dictator, however, had different ideas. His Wehrmecht Adjutant, Colonel Rudolf Schmudt 2 , discussed the Fuehrer’s desire...fl A,- 1.. 4Wr uCCe a A ft nha Zf iao zar *s*wft 194I (Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Yerleg GMBh, 1957), p. 9. 2Rudolf Schmunt vas born on Auguot 13, 1896...of Chief, Army Personnel Office. General of the Infantry, Rudolf Schmundt died from his wounds on October 10, 1944, In a field hospital at Ratzeburg

  16. Das Recht vor seinem Gesetz: Franz Kafka zur (Un‐Möglichkeit einer Selbstreflexion des Rechts / The Law before its Law: Franz Kafka on the (Im‐Possibility of Law’s Self‐Reflection

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gunther Teubner

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Stellen wir uns vor, der Mann vom Lande in Kafkas Parabel „Vor dem Gesetz“ sei nicht, wie es in der vorschnellen Rollenfixierung zahlreicher Kafka‐Interpretationen heißt, das menschliche Individuum, das der Gewalt der institutionalisierten Gesetzlichkeit (der Macht, der Moral, der Religion etc. ausgeliefert ist. Er sei stattdessen ein Richter „vom Lande“, einer der draußen im Lande einen Rechtsfall nach Recht und Gesetz zu behandeln hat und der nun in seinen Entscheidungsqualen mit dem Gesetz nicht zu Recht kommt. Let us imagine that the man from the country in Kafka’s parable “Before the law” is not the human individual who has been delivered up to the force of institutionalised legalism (power, morality, religion etc, as we find in numerous Kafka interpretations with their somewhat over‐hasty role fixation. Let us suppose instead that he is a judge “from the country”, who – back there, in the country – has to deal with a legal case according to the law, and who now, in the torment of decision‐making, cannot find what is right according to the law.

  17. Rezension : Wissen um den Wahn. Foucaults Geschichte der Psychiatrie ; zu "Foucaults Geschichte der Psychiatrie"

    OpenAIRE

    Krause, Robert

    2006-01-01

    Aus dem umfangreichen Werk des französischen Philosophen und Sozialhistorikers Michel Foucault (1926-1984) ist ein weiteres Buch auf Deutsch erschienen. Der Band „Die Macht der Psychiatrie" geht auf eine Reihe von Vorlesungen zurück, die Foucault im Wintersemester '73/'74 am Collège de France gehalten hat. Die in Frankreich bereits im Jahr 2003 veröffentlichten 12 Vorlesungen sind der Geschichte der Psychiatrie gewidmet und konzentrieren sich vor allem auf ihre Frühphase. Wesentlich gestützt ...

  18. Proměny vypravěče v próze Jaromíra Johna

    OpenAIRE

    Kleňha, Petr

    2011-01-01

    Metamorphoses of Narrator in Novels of Jaromír John This diploma paper focuses on the function of the narrator and his various forms in John's prosaic work. It deals with the issue of the construction of the fictional world and how the narrator influences the reader's understanding of the described events. Primarily, we try to compare the narrative categories of the main contemporary concepts as influenced by Shlomith Rimmon-Kenan, Franz Stanzel and Lubomír Doležel. It is our terminology base...

  19. Radiogenic heavy minerals in Brazilian beach sand

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Malanca, A.

    1998-01-01

    Sand samples collected on the beaches of the 'radioactive' Brazilian town of Guarapari were first separated by flotation in bromoform and successively divided into various magnetic fractions with a Franz isodynamic separator. concentrations of background radionuclides in samples of monazite, ilmenite, and zircon were determined by a γ-ray spectrometer. Chemical composition of monazite, ilmenite and magnetite were assessed by means of an electron microprobe. Monazite resulted to be relatively rich in ThO 2 whose abundance ranged from 5.3 to 7.7 (wt%). (author)

  20. Realismo, margen y fragmentariedad en la narrativa de Ezequiel Martínez Estrada

    OpenAIRE

    Gasillón, María Lourdes

    2012-01-01

    En primer lugar, este trabajo intenta analizar los ensayos escritos por Ezequiel Martínez Estrada sobre Franz Kafka (1967) para luego reconocer sus influencias en el concepto de lo real y realismo en sus propias narraciones ficcionales. En este caso, se abordará uno de sus cuentos más conocidos, “Marta Riquelme”, que construye discursivamente una imagen de lo/s otro/s en distintos planos textuales: autor, narrador, organización, género, personajes, etc. Tanto el ensayista argentino como el es...

  1. Insight into a Pedagogical Sketchbook. Life and work of Eva Eyquem

    OpenAIRE

    Richter, Sabine

    2016-01-01

    Die vorliegende Arbeit dokumentiert und kontextualisiert das Werk der französischen Kunstpädagogin und ehemaligen Itten-Schülerin Eva Eyquem, geb. Plaut (1915-2009). Es ist meine Absicht, ihr Werk für Forschung und Lehre zugänglich zu machen und für einen kunstpädagogischen Diskurs zu öffnen, der sich mit Positionen in der Nachfolge der Bauhaus-Pädagogik befasst. Meine Arbeit ist in zwei Teile gegliedert. Sie umfasst eine Monografie zu Eva Eyquem, sowie eine fachwissenschaftliche Reflexion, i...

  2. Erschriebenes Leben:Fortgesetzte Erinnerung und Identitätssuche in der Literatur Michel del Castillos

    OpenAIRE

    Hilbers, Antonis

    2001-01-01

    Die vorliegende Dissertation schließt eine doppelte Forschungslücke: zum einen wird erstmals im Bereich der deutschsprachigen Romanistik dem Werk des 1933 in Madrid geborenen und seit 1957 im französischen Literaturbetrieb fortwährend präsenten Autors Michel del Castillo eine monographische Studie gewidmet. Zum anderen handelt es sich um die erste Arbeit überhaupt, die das Frühwerk (den Hypotext "Tanguy", 1957) mit dem Spätwerk del Castillos (den Hypertexten "Le crime des pères", 1993 und "Ru...

  3. Řešení nezaměstnanosti v Německu ve třicátých letech 20. století

    OpenAIRE

    Liptáková, Alexandra

    2010-01-01

    This paper mediates a view on economic policies of avoiding mass unemployment in Germany in the 1930s. It is concerned with the causations and development, it introduces a number of programs for dealing with the unemployment, which originate in the Weimar Republic, during the cabinet of Heinrich Brüning, Franz von Papen and Kurt von Schleicher. A major arttention will be given to the national socialist economic policy of Adolf Hitler and his cabinet. In more detail it will concern the system ...

  4. The Magic Background of Pearl Harbor. Volume 5

    Science.gov (United States)

    1978-01-01

    Incident Pangkalan-Brandan, Sumatra u- n n n n n n n n Panyushkin, Alexander, Russian Ambassador to Chungking n n n n Papen , Franz von , German Ambassador...WALTER VON BRAUCHITSCH; 10th, Inspector General of National Defense General Field Marshal WILHELM KEITEL; 11th, Army Chief of Staff-General FRITZ...Lindbergh) u u u u u n u- uu- u- IV, 192,193 Bratton, Col., in U.S. Army Intelligence --uu_--un_uun unuU-UU- IV, (3), (7) Brauchitsch, W. von , German Gen

  5. Bernhard von Gudden, neuro-ophthalmology and the Munich School of Neuroanatomy and Psychiatry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Danek, Adrian

    2006-12-01

    Bernhard von Gudden, psychiatrist to the Royal House of Bavaria (1824-1886), had studied ocular torsion by means of self-observation in the mirror and with the help of after-images for his dissertation of 1848, but later turned to experimental neuroanatomy. Several findings are connected with his name, among them the transverse peduncular tract, part of the accessory optic system. August Forel, Emil Kraepelin and Franz Nissl belonged to his Munich school that took neuroanatomical research as a guiding principle for scientific psychiatry.

  6. Vergleich des Studiums der Tiermedizin in München (Deutschland) und in Liège (Belgien)

    OpenAIRE

    Schaller, Christine Birgit Silvia Verena

    2014-01-01

    Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, durch einen Vergleich des Studiums der Tiermedizin in München und in Liège die Gemeinsamkeiten und die Unterschiede zwischen diesen beiden Fakultäten zu analysieren. In Deutschland kann das Studium der Tiermedizin an fünf Hochschulen, unter anderem in München, absolviert werden. In der Französischen Gemeinschaft Belgiens gibt es vier Universitäten, die den Bachelor-Studiengang der Tiermedizin anbieten, jedoch ist Liège die einzige Universität, in we...

  7. In memoriam Michel Butor (1926 – 2016

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christof Weiand

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Am Mittwoch, dem 24. August 2016, ist Michel Butor gestorben, drei Wochen vor seinem 90. Geburtstag. Als Beispiel für Michel Butors Dichtung soll an dieser Stelle ein Gedicht aus den Textes récents – 37 pages/Neueste Texte – 37 Seiten stehen, die 2012 erstmals erschienen sind:Michel Butor, Textes récents – 37 pages/Neueste Texte – 37 Seiten, aus dem Französischen übersetzt, kommentiert und eingerichtet von Christof Weiand (Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2012.

  8. Enhanced skin penetration of lidocaine through encapsulation into nanoethosomes and nanostructured lipid carriers: a comparative study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Babaei, S; Ghanbarzadeh, S; Adib, Z M; Kouhsoltani, M; Davaran, S; Hamishehkar, H

    2016-05-01

    Lipid based nanoparticles have become a major research object in topical drug delivery to enable drugs to pass the stratum corneum and reach the desired skin layer. The present investigation deals with the encapsulation of lidoacine into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and nanoethosomes for improving its dermal delivery and consequently local anesthetic efficacy. Concurrently these two topical delivery systems were compared. Lidocaine-loaded NLCs and nanoethosomes were characterized by various techniques and used for an in vitro skin penetration study using excised rat skin and Franz diffusion cells. The nanoparticles were tracked in the skin by following the Rhodamine-labled nanocarriers under fluorescent microscopy. Optimized lidocaine-loaded NLCs (size 96 nm, zeta potential -13.7 mV, encapsulation efficiency (EE) % 69.86% and loading capacity (LC) % 10.47%) and nanoethosomes (size 105.4 nm, zeta potential -33.6 mV, EE 40.14% and LC 8.02%) were chosen for a skin drug delivery study. Higher skin drug deposition of NLCs and nanoethosomal formulations compared to lidocaine hydroalcoholic solution represented a better localization of the drug in the skin. NLC formulation showed the lowest entered drug in the receptor phase of Franz diffusion cell in comparison with nanoethosomes and hydroalcoholic solution confirming the highest skin accumulation of drug. Both colloidal systems showed superiority over the drug solution for dermal delivery of lidocaine, however, NLC exhibited more promising characteristics than nanoethosomes regarding drug loading and skin targeted delivery.

  9. Comparison of New Formulation of Diclofenac Diethylamonium Emulgel with Standard Preparation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    SA Mostafavi

    2006-07-01

    Full Text Available Introduction & Objective: Oral route is a common route of administration for anti-inflammatory drugs including diclofenac. Due to some disadvantages of this route, the alternative routes of administrations are considered. The skin has been increasingly important in this regard, and many drugs have been formulated intradermal delivery systems. The purpose of this study was to prepare a topical diclofenac formulation emulgel with appropriate skin penetration and compare it with standard formulation. Materials & Methods: To prepare the formulation, we used the emulsion form. Several formulations containing different kinds and amounts of diclofenac salts, different emulsifying agents, and different HPMC concentrations were prepared. The skin penetration was evaluated by using Franz cell apparatus and the concentrations of diclofenac were determined in the receptor phase of Franz cell using spectrophotometer. The in vivo absorption of diclofenac was evaluated by determination of drug in urine. The concentration of drug was determined by HPLC. Results: In selected formulation, 85% of drug was released after 4 hours from formulation which was similar to drug released from standard formulation. The values of coefficient variation for HPLC method were utmost 15%. The range of variation in measurement was between 10 and 1000 ng/ml. Conclusion: The selected formulation had appropriate physicochemical properties. We were unable to measure drug concentrations in urine by the constructed HPLC, therefore it can be suggested that one should determine drug concentration in synovial fluid as the drug is concentrated in it.

  10. Vinflunine in the treatment of bladder cancer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mark Bachner

    2008-11-01

    Full Text Available Mark Bachner, Maria De Santis3rd Medical Department – Center for Oncology and Hematology, Kaiser Franz Josef-Spital der Stadt Wien, and Ludwig Boltzmann-Institute for Applied Cancer Research Vienna (LBI-ACR VIEnna, Cluster Translational Oncology, Kaiser Franz Josef-Spital der Stadt Wien, and Applied Cancer Research – Institution for Translational Research Vienna (ACR-ITR VIEnna/CEADDP, Vienna, AustriaAbstract: Vinflunine (VFL is a third-generation bifluorinated semi-synthetic vinca alkaloid obtained by superacidic chemistry from its parent compound, vinorelbine. As with the other vinca alkaloids, the main antineoplastic effects of VFL arise from its interaction with tubulin, the major component of microtubules in mitotic spindles. In contrast to other vinca alkaloids, VFL shows some distinctive properties in terms of tubulin binding, possibly explaining its superior antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo compared with vinorelbine as well as its excellent safety profile. In transitional cell carcinoma (TCC, two single-agent phase II trials were performed testing VFL in platinum-pretreated patients, showing moderate response rates and promising disease control rates. Therefore, the first phase III trial in modern times for second-line TCC of the urothelium was designed in order to further investigate the activity of VFL. First results were presented at the 2008 ASCO conference. VFL appears to be a possible treatment option for patients with TCC progressing after first-line platinum-containing chemotherapy.Keywords: vinflunine, transitional cell carcinoma (TCC of the bladder, bladder cancer, chemotherapy, second-line chemotherapy

  11. Lo fantástico más allá de la vacilación: la representación mimética del miedo en dos cuentos de Bioy Casares y Cortázar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andreas Kurz

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available El artículo revisa algunos conceptos y definiciones de lo fantástico literario y pretende diferenciarlo de lo postulado por el realismo mágico y lo real maravilloso. Se proponen como textos clave al respecto: el libro de Franz Roh que da nombre al realismo mágico, la historia de la literatura fantástica, por H. P. Lovecraft; así como la tesis de ‘das Unheimliche’, de S. Freud. A manera de hipótesis, establecemos el carácter mimético de la literatura fantástica que representa el miedo, en oposición a la idea de vacilación expuesta por Todorov. Finalmente, pretendemos testar nuestra hipótesis mediante el análisis de dos cuentos canónicos escritos por Bioy Casares y Cortázar. This article explains some concepts and definitions of fantastic literature and tries to separate them from ´realismo mágico’ and ‘lo real maravilloso’. Franz Roh’s book, H. P. Lovecraft’s history of fantastic literature and Freud’s concept of the ‘unheimlich’ are used as key texts to reach this aim. Our principal hypothesis states the mimetic character and the representation of fear as the main ingredients of fantastic literature, opposing the idea of vacillation exposed by Todorov. We try to test our hypothesis in the analysis of two canonical short stories by Bioy Casares and Cortázar

  12. MIMICRY, DIFFERENCE AND REPETITION

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Mendes de Souza

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available This article addresses Homi K. Bhabha’s concept of mimicry in a broader context, other than that of cultural studies and post-colonial studies, bringing together other concepts, such as that of Gilles Deleuze in Difference and repetition, among other texts, and other names, such as Silviano Santiago, Jorge Luís Borges, Franz Kafka and Giorgio Agamben. As a partial conclusion, the article intends to oppose Bhabha’s freudian-marxist view to Five propositions on Psychoanalysis (1973, Gilles Deleuze’s text about Psychoanalysis published right after his book The Anti-Oedipus.

  13. «Lei è ebreo?». Mondi a confronto nelle Lettere a Milena di Kafka

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia Sonino

    2017-12-01

    The essay aims at analyzing, by examining the special bond between Franz Kafka and Milena Jesenská through the lens of their letters, Prague's cultural life in the aftermath of the fall of the Habsburg Empire; an historical event marked by an increasingly threatening and aggressive antisemitism, which made the relationship between the Jewish community and other social units, such as the Czech population, more problematic. The relationship between the Jewish writer and his Czech translator, close friend and confidante, unfolds against this background. A rich and complicated relationship between different albeit communicating worlds.

  14. Zwei Briefe auf Guaraní in Alexander von Humboldts Handschrift

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manfred Ringmacher

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Gegenstand des Aufsatzes von Manfred Ringmacher sind zwei Briefe auf Guaraní in Alexander von Humboldts Handschrift. Die Originale der Abschriften wurden im Jahr 1800 in der ehemals jesuitisch betreuten Indianersiedlung Santa María la Mayor am Río Uruguay geschrieben und an den Vizekönig des spanischen Vizekönigreichs La Plata gesandt. Sie sind mit einer zeitgenössischen spanischen Übersetzung versehen; außerdem hat Alexander von Humboldt in französischer Sprache noch einige Erläuterungen gegeben.

  15. Slottet i Transsylvanien

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ladegaard, Jakob

    2011-01-01

    The article investigates the hitherto largely ignored traces of the Gothic literary tradition in Franz Kafka’s novel The Castle (1926) by reading it in continuation of Bram Stoker’s novel Dracula (1897). It is argued that the interpretation of the ghostlike presence of the Gothic vampire in Kafka...... features of the Gothic to reflect – the one mainly affirmatively, the other critically – on larger historical and ideological issues of gender, the modern state apparatus and the relation between Western and Eastern Europe around the turn of the century....

  16. Interior and exterior resonances in acoustic scattering. pt. 2 - Targets of arbitrary shape (T-matrix approach)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Uberall, H.; Gaunaurd, G.C.; Tanglis, E.

    1983-01-01

    The T-matrix approach, which describes the scattering of acoustic waves (or of other waves) from objects of arbitrary shape and geometry, is here 'married' to the resonance scattering theory in order to obtain the (complex) resonance frequencies of an arbitrary shaped target. For the case of nearly impenetrable targets the partial-wave scattering amplitudes are splitted into terms corresponding to 'internal' resonances, plus an apparently nonresonant background amplitude which, however, contains the broad resonances caused by 'external' diffracted (or Franz-type, creeping) waves, in addition to geometrically reflected and refracted (ray) contributions

  17. Electronic transport coefficients from ab initio simulations and application to dense liquid hydrogen

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Holst, Bastian; French, Martin; Redmer, Ronald

    2011-01-01

    Using Kubo's linear response theory, we derive expressions for the frequency-dependent electrical conductivity (Kubo-Greenwood formula), thermopower, and thermal conductivity in a strongly correlated electron system. These are evaluated within ab initio molecular dynamics simulations in order to study the thermoelectric transport coefficients in dense liquid hydrogen, especially near the nonmetal-to-metal transition region. We also observe significant deviations from the widely used Wiedemann-Franz law, which is strictly valid only for degenerate systems, and give an estimate for its valid scope of application toward lower densities.

  18. Nos tempos da bioética, a presença dos vitimados questões sobre o outro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Roberto Pretel Pereira Job

    2007-05-01

    Full Text Available O artigo apresenta algumas considerações sobre a bioética, estabelecendo conexões com as necessidades de adotar um ponto de vista que inclua a participação do Outro. Argumenta e enfatiza a necessidade de respeitar a dignidade do ser humano conforme lições ensinadas pelos filósofos Martin Buber, Emmanuel Lévinas, Franz Rosenzweig e Viktor Frankl. Conclui, apontando para a necessidade de incluir o conceito de Alteridade, a fim de pesquisar sobre o relacionamento entre homem e homem.

  19. All That Was Lost. German Life in Kafka’s  Prague Before World War I, During the War, and At Its End

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anthony Northey

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available In this paper I want to trace briefly how Franz Kafka reacted to some salient cultural features of his time. I will select segments of his writings which I believe reflect his view, or even his characterization of the three main historical periods he lived through: pre-World War I, the war years 1914 to 1918, and five and one half of the postwar years. Of course, this is by no means a complete, thorough discussion of those periods and his works that I mention.

  20. Światy indeterministyczne Franza-Serafina Exnera i Mariana Smoluchowskiego

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jacek Rodzeń

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available The paper presents philosophical views which have been propagated in the first decade of the 20th-century by Austrian experimental physicist Franz-Serafin Exner (1846-1926. According to Exner all apparently deterministic laws are only a kind of the macroscopic limit of the indeterministic random events and processes in nature. The paper attempts to show whether Exner’s ideas have influenced the views on randomness and probability developed by renowned Polish physicist Marian Smoluchowski (1872-1917 who belonged to informal circle of Exner’s students and assistants (so-called Exner-Kreis.

  1. [A country doctor: a proposal of an ethical approach in the 125th anniversary of Frank Kafka's birth].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alvarez-Díaz, Jorge Alberto

    2008-01-01

    Within the framework of the 125 anniversary of the birth of Franz Kafka we discuss his work as a patient affected by tuberculosis. This essay outlines a review of Kafka as a writer and explains the meaning of the term "Kafkaesque". We put forward a commentary on the ethics expressed in a short story entitled A country doctor. An interpretation of Kafka must involve the notion of responsibility, a theological concept that is then followed by the legal context. Finally, Kafka embraces an ethical approach expressed in his work.

  2. Il fondamento ultimo e l’ultimo fondamento

    OpenAIRE

    Belloni, Claudio

    2016-01-01

    L’ontologia di Franz Rosenzweig è costituita da tre elementi (Dio, mondo, uomo) irriducibili l’uno all’altro. Nelle intenzioni del filosofo, tale tripartizione del “nuovo pensiero” si contrappone all’intera tradizione della “vecchia filosofia”, la quale, invece, tende a ricondurre il tutto a unità, operando riduzioni ontologiche inaccettabili. «Dalla Jonia fino a Jena» – dal «Tutto è acqua» di Talete al «Tutto è Spirito» di Hegel – il pensiero ha di volta in volta creduto di poter ricondurre ...

  3. Linac design for intense hadron beams

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhang, Chuan

    2009-12-14

    Based on the RFQ and H-type DTL structures, this dissertation is dedicated to study the beam dynamics in the presence of significantly strong space-charge effects while accelerating intense hadron beams in the low- and medium-{beta} region. Besides the 5 mA/30 mA, 17 MeV proton injector (RFQ+DTL) and the 125 mA, 40 MeV deuteron DTL of the EUROTRANS and IFMIF facilities, a 200 mA, 700 keV proton RFQ has been also intensively studied for a small-scale but ultra-intense neutron source FRANZ planned at Frankfurt University. The most remarkable properties of the FRANZ RFQ and the IFMIF DTL are the design beam intensities, 200 mA and 125 mA. A new design approach, which can provide a balanced and accelerated beam bunching at low energy, has been developed for intense beams. To design the IFMIF DTL and the injector DTL part of the EUROTRANS driver linac, which have been foreseen as the first real applications of the novel superconducting CH-DTL structure, intensive attempts have been made to fulfill the design goals under the new conditions. For the IFMIF DTL, the preliminary IAP design has been considerably improved with respect to the linac layout as well as the beam dynamics. By reserving sufficient drift spaces for the cryosystem, diagnostic devices, tuner and steerer, introducing SC solenoid lenses and adjusting the accelerating gradients and accordingly other configurations of the cavities, a more realistic, reliable and efficient linac system has been designed. On the other hand, the specifications and positions of the transverse focusing elements as well as the phase- and energy-differences between the bunch-center particle and the synchronous particle at the beginning of the {phi}{sub s}=0 sections have been totally redesigned. For the EUROTRANS injector DTL, in addition to the above-mentioned procedures, extra optimization concepts to coordinate the beam dynamics between two intensities have been applied. In the beam transport simulations for both DTL designs

  4. Selected anthropogenic and natural radioisotopes in the Barents Sea and off the western coast of Svalbard

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Leppänen, Ari-Pekka; Kasatkina, Nadezhda; Vaaramaa, Kaisa; Matishov, Gennady G.; Solatie, Dina

    2013-01-01

    The Murmansk Marine Biological Institute (MMBI) performed high-latitude expeditions to the Barents Sea during 2007–2009 where a scientist from the Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK) participated. The aim of the expeditions was to study and map the current radiological situation throughout the Barents Sea. In the expeditions, samples of seawater, sediment and biota were collected for radioactivity studies. The 90 Sr and 137 Cs isotopes were analysed from the seawater samples and no spatial distribution in the concentrations of 90 Sr and 137 Cs was found. The sediment samples were analysed for γ-emitting isotopes. In the statistical analysis performed only the 90 Sr was found to have no spatial distribution. In the 137 Cs concentrations two areas containing higher concentrations were observed: one in the western part of Svalbard and another in Franz Victoria Trough near the Franz Josef Land archipelago. The increase in the western coast of Svalbard suggests an Atlantic influence while in the Franz Victoria Trough source regions are possibly more complex. Since 137 Cs in marine sediments mainly originates from terrestrial sources, finding higher concentrations in the northern part of the Barents Sea may also suggest a contribution of 137 Cs carried by the ocean currents and by sea ice from the outside Barents Sea. In addition to γ spectrometric measurements, the sediment samples were radiochemically analysed for 210 Pb. It was found that the unsupported fraction of 210 Pb showed significant spatial variation. The fraction of unsupported 210 Pb was reduced to 40–70% near Bear Island, Edge Island and in the Franz Josef Land archipelago. In these regions the sea is typically covered with sea ice during winter. The relatively low fraction of unsupported 210 Pb is possibly caused by blocking of wet and dry deposition of 210 Pb onto the sea by winter sea ice. In biota samples, only small traces, at the level of 0.2 Bq/kg w.w. of 137 Cs, were found. When the

  5. Linac design for intense hadron beams

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang, Chuan

    2009-01-01

    Based on the RFQ and H-type DTL structures, this dissertation is dedicated to study the beam dynamics in the presence of significantly strong space-charge effects while accelerating intense hadron beams in the low- and medium-β region. Besides the 5 mA/30 mA, 17 MeV proton injector (RFQ+DTL) and the 125 mA, 40 MeV deuteron DTL of the EUROTRANS and IFMIF facilities, a 200 mA, 700 keV proton RFQ has been also intensively studied for a small-scale but ultra-intense neutron source FRANZ planned at Frankfurt University. The most remarkable properties of the FRANZ RFQ and the IFMIF DTL are the design beam intensities, 200 mA and 125 mA. A new design approach, which can provide a balanced and accelerated beam bunching at low energy, has been developed for intense beams. To design the IFMIF DTL and the injector DTL part of the EUROTRANS driver linac, which have been foreseen as the first real applications of the novel superconducting CH-DTL structure, intensive attempts have been made to fulfill the design goals under the new conditions. For the IFMIF DTL, the preliminary IAP design has been considerably improved with respect to the linac layout as well as the beam dynamics. By reserving sufficient drift spaces for the cryosystem, diagnostic devices, tuner and steerer, introducing SC solenoid lenses and adjusting the accelerating gradients and accordingly other configurations of the cavities, a more realistic, reliable and efficient linac system has been designed. On the other hand, the specifications and positions of the transverse focusing elements as well as the phase- and energy-differences between the bunch-center particle and the synchronous particle at the beginning of the φ s =0 sections have been totally redesigned. For the EUROTRANS injector DTL, in addition to the above-mentioned procedures, extra optimization concepts to coordinate the beam dynamics between two intensities have been applied. In the beam transport simulations for both DTL designs, no beam

  6. Franz Kafka in the Design Studio: A Hermeneutic-Phenomenological Approach to Architectural Design Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hisarligil, Beyhan Bolak

    2012-01-01

    This article demonstrates the outcomes of taking a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to architectural design and discusses the potentials for imaginative reasoning in design education. This study tests the use of literature as a verbal form of art and design and the contribution it can make to imaginative design processes--which are all too…

  7. Will the Real Franz Rosenzweig Please Stand Up?: Two Reflections on Two Educational Essays

    Science.gov (United States)

    Levenson, Alan; Schein, Jeffrey

    2010-01-01

    The views of Jewish education articulated by Rosenzweig in his essays "It is Time" and in "The Opening of the Lehrhaus" are quite different. So different, in fact, that an account of how one mind can produce such different accounts is necessary. Following the lead of a 1950's popular television quiz show, the authors ask "Will the Real Franz…

  8. Lexikalische Typologie – Dänisch und Französisch als endo- bzw. exozentrische Sprachen

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michael Herslund

    2007-05-01

    Full Text Available The article discusses one of the lesser studied aspects of linguistic typology, the lexicon. Taking as its point of departure the theory of lexicalisation of Leonard Talmy (1985, i.e. the different combinations of (presumably universal semantic components different (types of languages choose to code in their simple lexical roots, the article applies this approach to French and Danish – typology is not just a question of comparing so-called exotic languages. It appears that just as verb roots in Germanic, such as Danish, and Romance languages, such as French, differ fundamentally in their lexicalisation patterns, so do their nouns. And more importantly, the two word classes exhibit complementary lexicalisation patterns: in Germanic languages the verbs are rather concrete – what is lexicalised is the external, visible aspect of the situation described by the verb, the manner – whereas the Romance verbs are abstract, describing i.e. the idea of a movement and its direction; in nouns, however, the situation is the exact opposite: the Germanic nouns are rather abstract, covering a wide range of phenomena having a certain function in common, but the Romance nouns are concrete, describing the external, visible aspect of things, their form rather than their function. This finding permits the hypothesis of two fundamental linguistic types: the endocentric languages (Germanic, where the concrete information is found in the centre of the clause, the verb, and the exocentric languages (Romance, where this information is found outside the centre, in the nouns.

  9. Fundamentals for routined utilization of tomography in beam diagnostic

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Reichau, Hermine

    2012-01-01

    A general and systematic approach to implement tomography for beam diagnostics has been invented and exemplarily shown for the invention of beam tomography for the Frankfurt Neutron Source. Following the diagnostic pipeline the first step was to prepare the data basis for the tomography reconstruction. For the monitoring, standard parameters have to be obtained with sufficient accuracy. In the context of this work, tomography has been kept as flexible as possible. Firstly, it will be used for the analysis of beam dynamics but also for the further development of beam tomography for routined utilization. Later on it will have to serve as a monitoring system at the end of the LEBT of FRANZ. The data preparation for tomography was demonstrated step by step. The iterated backprojection (FBP) algorithm was derived to show the basic idea of tomography which is contained in all forms of tomography algorithms. In connection with data exhibiting a high signal to noise ratio the FBP obtains the result with the highest accuracy, beyond that the accuracy can be controlled by the number of projections. The algebraic reconstruction and maximum entropy approach were outlined in a nutshell. By the introduction of the diagnostic pipeline in combination with the decision systematics the basis for a routined utilization of tomography in ion beam diagnostics have been established and exemplarily demonstrated on the introduction of beam tomography for FRANZ. A rotatable vacuum chamber has been developed to close a gap between the availability of projections to use the FBP and the small physical space on which they have to be determined. (orig.)

  10. Temperature data from Norwegian and Russian waters of the northern Barents Sea collected by free-living ringed seals

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lydersen, Christian; Anders Nøst, Ole; Kovacs, Kit M.; Fedak, Mike A.

    2004-05-01

    Free-living ringed seals ( N=11) equipped with satellite-relayed data loggers (SRDLs) with incorporated oceanographic-quality temperature sensors were used to collect data from a large sector of the northern Barents Sea during the autumn and early winter. A total of 2346 temperature profiles were collected over a 4-month period from Norwegian and Russian arctic waters in areas that were at times 90-100% ice-covered. Temperature distributions at different depths from northeastern parts of Svalbard, Norway show warm North Atlantic water (NAW) flowing along the continental slope and gradually cooling at all depths as it flows eastwards. The data suggest that most of the cooling takes place west of 30°E. Vertical temperature profiles from the area between Svalbard and Franz Josef Land, Russia show how the surface water cools during freeze-up and demonstrate a warm water flow, which is probably NAW, coming in from the north through a deep trench west of Franz Josef Land. Global oceanographic and climate models require improved oceanographic databases from crucial areas where important hydrological phenomena occur. Such areas in arctic waters are often inaccessible during winter and logistically difficult to reach even in summer. The present study demonstrates how large amounts of oceanographic information can be collected and retrieved in a cost-efficient manner using ice-associated marine mammals as carrier of oceanographic sampling equipment. In addition to the oceanographic value of the data collected by marine mammals in this manner, a vast amount of information regarding the habitat of these animals is concomitantly sampled.

  11. Anxiety and Politics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Franz L Neumann

    2017-06-01

    Franz Leopold Neumann (1900-1954 was a political theorist associated with the Frankfurt School. He obtained a doctoral degree in legal studies at the University of Frankfurt with the dissertation „Rechtsphilosophische Einleitung zu einer Abhandlung über das Verhältnis von Staat und Strafe“ (A Legal-Philosophical Introduction to A Treatise on the Relationship between the State and Punishment. Neumann became the German Social Democratic Party’s (SPD main legal advisor at a time when the Nazis and Hitler gained strength in Germany. At the time when Hitler came to power in 1933, the legal office had to be closed and Neumann had to flee from Germany. In London, he in 1936 obtained his second doctoral degree from the London School of Economics with the work “The Governance of the Rule of Law” under the supervision of Harold Laski and Karl Mannheim. Neumann moved to New York in 1936, where he became a member of the Institute of Social Research (also known as the “Frankfurt School” that was then in exile in the USA. In 1942, he started working for the Office of Strategic Service (OSS, where he together with Herbert Marcuse and Otto Kirchheimer analysed Nazi Germany. In 1942, Neumann published his main book is Behemoth: The Structure and Practice of National Socialism, 1933–1944 (2nd, updated edition published in 1944, one of the most profound analyses of Nazi Germany’s political economy and ideology. Franz L. Neumann died in 1954 in a car accident.

  12. Lo fantástico más allá de la vacilación: la representación mimética del miedo en dos cuentos de Bioy Casares y Cortázar

    OpenAIRE

    Kurz, Andreas

    2014-01-01

    El artículo revisa algunos conceptos y definiciones de lo fantástico literario y pretende diferenciarlo de lo postulado por el realismo mágico y lo real maravilloso. Se proponen como textos clave al respecto: el libro de Franz Roh que da nombre al realismo mágico, la historia de la literatura fantástica, por H. P. Lovecraft; así como la tesis de ‘das Unheimliche’, de S. Freud. A manera de hipótesis, establecemos el carácter mimético de la literatura fantástica que representa el miedo...

  13. G.H. Franz’s Modjadji : archetypes of time and the transcendence of history

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    L.P. Boshego

    2009-07-01

    Full Text Available This article examines the Northern Sotho play, “Modjadji”, written by G.H. Franz. The text, about which there is little significant critical literature, presents in mythological terms the quest of the Lobedu rain queen, Modjadji, for secure governance and release from the exigencies of history, both for herself and her people. Through staged ritual, the play evokes archetypes of time to raise a mythic consciousness. This ontology employs a notion of circular time to transcend linearity and its inexorable teleology. Ultimately, the text attempts to extract viable elements of traditional epistemology in order to accommodate its addressees to modernity.

  14. “…and you could hear the whole village chattering” I Malavoglia as figuralized novel

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paolo Giovannetti

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available The essay explains Giovanni Verga’s Malavoglia according to the narrative theory of Franz Karl Stanzel, arguing that the novel provides an example of the figural narrative situation. The figuralization (or reflectorization of Malavoglia is achieved mainly by the so-called (the definition is Ann Banfield’s non-reflective consciousness, that is, by the perceptive interplay of characters, independent of the intervention of an actual narrator. Such a methodological point of view implies a revision of some typological features of modernist novel, which has been too often interpreted only through texts of the “northern” Flaubert-James-Joyce-Woolf line.

  15. ¿Quiénes son ellos?: un estudio psicoanalítico sobre El proceso de Kafka

    OpenAIRE

    Martins, Francisco; Universidad de Brasilia (Brasil)

    1999-01-01

    El texto presenta el análisis y las reflexiones desarrollados en el Laboratorio de Psicopatología y Psicoanálisis de la Universidad de Brasilia, acerca de la cuestión de "él" (" ellos') en El proceso, de Franz Kafka, y en un caso de delirio de persecución. Fue especialmente investigado el estatuto del pronombre "él" en la paranoia. El trabajo muestra que la comprensión de "él" (" ellos') es un elemento esencial para la elucidación de la cuestión de la extrañeza en la psicosis y de la construc...

  16. Solid cellulose nanofiber based foams - Towards facile design of sustained drug delivery systems

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Svagan, Anna J; Benjamins, Jan-Willem; Al-Ansari, Zeinab

    2016-01-01

    acceptable surfactant (lauric acid sodium salt). The drug was suspended in the wet-stable foams followed by a drying step to obtain dry foams. Flexible cellular solid materials of different thicknesses, shapes and drug loadings (up to 50wt%) could successfully be prepared. The drug was released from...... the solid foams in a diffusion-controlled, sustained manner due to the presence of intact air bubbles which imparted a tortuous diffusion path. The diffusion coefficient was assessed using Franz cells and shown to be more than one order of magnitude lower for the cellular solids compared to the bubble...

  17. APRESENTAR O IRREPRESENTÁVEL: paisagem com bois e vaca amarela

    OpenAIRE

    Paula Glenadel

    2011-01-01

    Aproximar o conto de Guimarães Rosa “Conversa de bois” (Sagarana, 1946) do quadro Vaca amarela (1911), de Franz Marc,pintor expressionista ligado ao movimento Der Blaue Reiter,significa repensar a representação dos animais, forçando os limites do comentário batailliano sobre a “mentira poética da animalidade” até fazer da poesia o lugar de uma verdade ética da hospitalidade com a qual se dá acolhida ao totalmente outro. Essa verdade se manifesta como exigência do impossível, como no dito d...

  18. A Magic-Real Gap in Architecture

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Dayer, Carolina

    2016-01-01

    In 1925, German art critic Franz Roh formalized the notion of Magic Realism (magischer Realismus) as a celebration of everyday life. In Italian literature, the same notion was explored in the works of Massimo Bontempelli. But it was the architect Friedrich Kiesler who imported the notion...... into architecture, stating that ‘Magic Architecture ... holds the balance between the two extremes of man’, his ‘desire for the machine’ and technology on the one hand, his ‘denial of science’ on the other. This paper follows the development of the notion of Magic Realism throughout the twentieth century...

  19. Βιβλιοκρισία: ΑNTJE BOSSELMANN – RUICKBIE, Byzantinischer Schmuck des 9. bis frühen 13. Jahrhunderts, Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden 2011.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tζένη ΑΛΜΠΑΝΗ

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Biιβλιοκρισία του: Αntje Bosselmann – Ruickbie, Byzantinischer Schmuck des 9. bis frühen 13. Jahrhunderts. Untersuchungen zum metallen dekorativen Körperschmuck der mittelbyzantinische Zeit anhand datierter Funde [Spätantike – Frühes Christentum – Byzanz. Kunst im ersten Jahrtausend. Hsgb. von Beat Brenk, Johannes G. Deckers, Arne Effenberger, Franz Alto Bauer. Reihe B: Studien und Perspektiven. Bd. 28], Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden 2011, 420 σσ. +832 εικ.([ISBN 978-3-89500-717-0 

  20. Falls and fear of falling predict future falls and related injuries in ambulatory individuals with spinal cord injury: a longitudinal observational study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vivien Jørgensen

    2017-04-01

    Conclusion: Ambulatory individuals have a high risk of falling and of fall-related injuries. Fall history, fear of falling and walking speed could predict recurrent falls and injurious falls. Further studies with larger samples are needed to validate these findings. [Jørgensen V, Butler Forslund E, Opheim A, Franzén E, Wahman K, Hultling C, Seiger Å, Ståhle A, Stanghelle JK, Roaldsen KS (2017 Falls and fear of falling predict future falls and related injuries in ambulatory individuals with spinal cord injury: a longitudinal observational study. Journal of Physiotherapy 63: 108–113

  1. Internationalisierung des Lehramts – eine Quadratur des Kreises? Zu Chancen und Grenzen eines grenzüberschreitenden Paradigmas der Lehrerbildung am Beispiel des Masterstudiengangs MEEF / LINT (Lehramt International Nizza-Regensburg

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jochen Mecke

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Die Internationalisierung ist nicht das Problem, sie ist die Lösung: In einer europäischen Gesellschaft, in der die Dynamik einer neuen Vielfalt derzeit eine der wenigen Konstanten darstellt, die nationenübergreifend Bestand hat und keine Grenzen kennt, brauchen wir eine Lehrerbildung, die strukturell und konzeptionell so gesamteuropäisch angelegt ist wie ihre Herausforderungen. Wir brauchen trotz und wegen verschiedener bildungspolitischer Unterschiede und Hürden neue Ansätze der Kooperation und Vernetzung, deren Chancen und Herausforderungen in der Folge exemplarisch am binationalen Master of Education MEEF / LINT (Lehramt International Deutsch-Französisch skizziert werden sollen.

  2. Adsorção de glifosato sobre solos e minerais Adsorption of glyphosate on soils and minerals

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luís R. M. Toni

    2006-07-01

    Full Text Available Glyphosate, an enzyme inhibitor herbicide, has been widely used around the world in agriculture. Dr. John Franz from Monsanto Corporation (USA discovered glyphosate in 1970. It has been showed that glyphosate is strongly adsorbed by inorganic soil components especially aluminium and iron oxides, and the phosphate group is involved in this interaction. The inactivation of glyphosate in soils can last for days or even months depending on soil characteristics. The addition of phosphate from fertilizers can displace glyphosate from the soils and this could be the cause of decreased productivity of some crops.

  3. ‘The originality of Kaschnitz’: Guido Kaschnitz Weinberg, ‘The problem of originality in Roman art’ [Guido Kaschnitz von Weinberg, Das Schöpferische in der römischen Kunst, Römische Kunst, vol. 1, chapter 4, Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1961, 51-73

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Karl Johns

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available The vindication of Roman art had been a nearly obsessive preoccupation of the earliest serious comprehensive art historians in Vienna at the end of the nineteenth century. While the relevant books by Franz Wickhoff and Alois Riegl are quoted more than they are actually read, the work of Guido Kaschnitz is even less well known in spite of the fact that he has placed these fundamental questions on a more solid footing. The present text from a lecture held late in his life and published posthumously can hopefully correct misconceptions of his approach to artistic principles.

  4. A new nasal drug delivery system for Diazepam using natural Mucoadhesive Polysaccharide obtained from tamarind seeds

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Datta, R.; Bandyopadhyaya, Amal K.

    2006-01-01

    A new nasal drug delivery system of diazepam has been developed with a natural mucoadhesive agent from Tamarindus indica L. The mucoadhesive strength, viscosity and gelling property of this natural mucoadhesive agent was found to be higher in comparison to synthetic polymers, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and carbopol 934 which are conventionally used for similar purpose. In vitro drug release characteristic through franz-diffusion cell using excised bovine nasal membrane was also found to be better in comparison to the above synthetic polymers. This patient friendly, needle free dosage form may replace the diazepam injections in future. (author)

  5. Areeni aastaalbumid 2005. Personaalsed edetabelid / Tõnu Kaalep

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kaalep, Tõnu, 1966-2018

    2005-01-01

    Heliplaatidest: Ariel Pink's Haunted Graffiti "Worn Copy", Chalice "Süsteemsüsteem", Animal Collective "Feels", Röövel Ööbik "Supersymmetry", Arcade Fire "Funeral", Kanye West "Late Registration", White Stripes "Get Behind Me Satan", The Fall "Fall Heads Roll", Antony and the Johnsons "I Am a Bird Now", Sufjan Stevens "Illinoise", Bloc Party "Silent Alarm", LCD Soundsystem "LCD Soundsystem", Devendra Banhart "Cripple Crow", Architecture In Helsinki "In Case We Die", Kate Bush "Aerial", M.I.A. "Arular", Ans.Andur "Tuled peale", Gorillaz "Demon Days", Franz Ferdinand "You Could Have It So Much Better", Songs of Green Pheasant "Songs of Green Pheasant"

  6. Doplňky k biografii českého botanika Franze Wilibalda Schmidta (1764-1796)

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Kroupa, Jiří K.

    2012-01-01

    Roč. 2012, č. 1 (2012), s. 157-160 ISSN 1803-7747 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA6005412 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z60050516 Keywords : history of science * history of botany * history of medicine * the Enlightenment Subject RIV: EF - Botanics http://www.acecs.cz/?f_idx=4

  7. Juicio, percepción y existencia pragmática en el pensamiento de Franz Brentano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francesco De Nigris

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available La filosofía de Brentano, más conocida por introducir el antiguo concepto de intencionalidad para distinguir los fenómenos psíquicos de los físicos, acaba siendo una peculiar metafísica en que el objeto es función de la actividad autoperceptiva del sujeto. Los conceptos de juicio como reconocimiento y de conciencia secundaria como percepción interna tienen un papel fundamental en este proceso, porque establecen, desde el comienzo de su doctrina, un ámbito de realidad indudable en que se cumple el concepto clásico de verdad como adaequatio rei et intellectus; si bien con un sentido esencialmente original porque el perceptor resulta ser, a la vez, el percibido. Finalmente, pasando por una comparación con la fenomenología, podremos comprender que esta nueva relación que introduce Brentano entre sujeto y objeto se acerca a las concepciones pragmatistas, anticipando, en su sentido más profundo, importantes cambios filosóficos del existencialismo del siglo XX y de la razón vital.

  8. Rapid formation of a sea ice barrier east of Svalbard

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nghiem, S. V.; van Woert, M. L.; Neumann, G.

    2005-11-01

    Daily SeaWinds scatterometer images acquired by the QuikSCAT satellite show an elongated sea ice feature that formed very rapidly (˜1-2 days) in November 2001 east of Svalbard over the Barents Sea. This sea ice structure, called "the Svalbard sea ice barrier," spanning approximately 10° in longitude and 2° in latitude, restricts the sea route and poses a significant navigation hazard. The secret of its formation appears to lie in the bottom of the sea: A comparison between bathymetry from the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean data and the pattern of sea ice formation from scatterometer data reveals that the sea ice barrier conforms well with and stretches above a deep elongated channel connecting the Franz Josef-Victoria Trough to the Hinlopen Basin between Svalbard and Franz Josef Land. Historic hydrographic data from this area indicate that this sea channel contains cold Arctic water less than 50 m below the surface. Strong and persistent cold northerly winds force strong heat loss from this shallow surface layer, leading to the rapid formation of the sea ice barrier. Heat transfer rates estimated from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts temperature and wind data over this region suggest that the surface water along the deep channel can be rapidly cooled to the freezing point. Scatterometer results in 1999-2003 show that sea ice forms in this area between October and December. Understanding the ice formation mechanisms helps to select appropriate locations for deployment of buoys measuring wind and air-sea temperature profile and to facilitate ice monitoring, modeling, and forecasting.

  9. Thermal properties of some cerium compounds, particularly CeB6

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Peysson, Y.

    1986-09-01

    Using measurements of specific heat between 0.3 to 250K in the absence of a magnetic field, and from 2 to 250K for magnetic fields between 0 and 8T, it is shown that the γ 8 quadruplet is the fundamental level of the Ce 3+ ion, the γ 8-7 separation energy being of the order of 500K. Detailed analysis suggests a lifting of degeneracy of the multiplet γ 8 in the paramagnetic phase, according to usual processes. Specific heat results obtained at very low temperatures reveal the importance of a significant gap in the spin wave energy spectra. Measurements under a strong magnetic field, around the two magnetic phase transitions of CeB6 show a spectacular reinforcement of the specific heat anomaly at a temperature of the order of T Q . Thermal conductivity of CEB6 is also studied in relation to the possible existence of a Jahn-Teller effect, likely to affect heat transfer by phonons. The problem of the different components of thermal transport prompts the analysis of the Weidemann-Franz law in the Kondo net, and also the study of the thermal conductivity of the compounds CeCu6, CeA12, the alloys Ce 0 . 7 5La 0 . 25 B 6 , Ce x La 1-x Cu 6 , and the fluctuating valence system SmB 6 . In all these bodies, an important contribution of phonons to electron transfer is shown. In the dense incoherent Kondo phase, it is not possible to envisage differences from the Weidemann-Franz law greater than those observed for highly diluted Kondo alloys [fr

  10. Transverse thermal magnetoresistance of potassium

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Newrock, R.S.; Maxfield, B.W.

    1976-01-01

    Results are presented of extensive thermal magnetoresistance measurements on single-crystal and polycrystalline specimens of potassium having residual resistance ratios (RRR) ranging from 1100 to 5300. Measurements were made between 2 and 9 0 K for magnetic fields up to 1.8 T. The observed thermal magnetoresistance cannot be understood on the basis of either semiclassical theories or from the electrical magnetoresistance and the Wiedemann-Franz law. A number of relationships are observed between the thermal and electrical magnetoresistances, many of which are not immediately obvious when comparing direct experimental observations. The thermal magnetoresistance W(T,H) is given reasonably well by W(T,H)T = W(T,0)T + AH + BH 2 , where both A and B are temperature-dependent coefficients. Results show that A = A 0 + A 1 T 3 , while B(T) cannot be expressed as any simple power law. A 0 is dependent on the RRR, while A 1 is independent of the RRR. Two relationships are found between corresponding coefficients in the electrical and thermal magnetoresistance: (i) the Wiedmann--Franz law relates A 0 to the Kohler slope of the electrical magnetoresistance and (ii) the temperature-dependent portions of the electrical and thermal Kohler slopes are both proportional to the electron--phonon scattering contribution to the corresponding zero-field resistance. The latter provides evidence that inelastic scattering is very important in determining the temperature-dependent linear magnetoresistances. Part, but by no means all, of the quadratic thermal resistance is accounted for by lattice thermal conduction. It is concluded that at least a portion of the anomalous electrical and thermal magnetoresistances is due to intrinsic causes and not inhomogeneities or other macroscopic defects

  11. Field Effect Optoelectronic Modulation of Quantum-Confined Carriers in Black Phosphorus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Whitney, William S; Sherrott, Michelle C; Jariwala, Deep; Lin, Wei-Hsiang; Bechtel, Hans A; Rossman, George R; Atwater, Harry A

    2017-01-11

    We report measurements of the infrared optical response of thin black phosphorus under field-effect modulation. We interpret the observed spectral changes as a combination of an ambipolar Burstein-Moss (BM) shift of the absorption edge due to band-filling under gate control, and a quantum confined Franz-Keldysh (QCFK) effect, phenomena that have been proposed theoretically to occur for black phosphorus under an applied electric field. Distinct optical responses are observed depending on the flake thickness and starting carrier concentration. Transmission extinction modulation amplitudes of more than two percent are observed, suggesting the potential for use of black phosphorus as an active material in mid-infrared optoelectronic modulator applications.

  12. Analysis of different tunneling mechanisms of InxGa1−xAs/AlGaAs tunnel junction light-emitting transistors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wu, Cheng-Han; Wu, Chao-Hsin

    2014-01-01

    The electrical and optical characteristics of tunnel junction light-emitting transistors (TJLETs) with different indium mole fractions (x = 5% and 2.5%) of the In x Ga 1−x As base-collector tunnel junctions have been investigated. Two electron tunneling mechanisms (photon-assisted or direct tunneling) provide additional currents to electrical output and resupply holes back to the base region, resulting in the upward slope of I-V curves and enhanced optical output under forward-active operation. The larger direct tunneling probability and stronger Franz-Keldysh absorption for 5% TJLET lead to higher collector current slope and less optical intensity enhancement when base-collector junction is under reverse-biased.

  13. Diploglossus fasciatus Gray, 1831 (Diploglossa: Anguidae. Primer registro para el Parque Nacional y Área Natural de Manejo Integrado Madidi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Enrique Domic

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia, Departamento de La Paz, Provincia Franz Tamayo, Municipio Apolo, Parque Nacional y Área Natural de Manejo Integrado Madidi, TCO Pueblo Indígena de San José de Uchupiamonas, Campamento Corazón del Madidi, cerca de encuentro al arroyo Eslabón y río Tuichi (14°32'32.58"S 67°45'44.91"W; 288 m.s.n.m.. Colectores: Jesús Martínez y Mileniusz Spanowicz. 15 de Marzo del 2013. Macho (SVL: 180 mm; LT: 379 mm; Peso: 130 g. Depositado en la Colección Boliviana de Fauna (CBF 3699, La Paz, Bolivia.

  14. Welches Geschlecht hat die Avantgarde? Which gender has the Avantgarde?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gertrud Lehnert

    2000-07-01

    Full Text Available Das Buch betrachtet das Theater der französischen und amerikanischen ‚Avantgarde‘ der Moderne und Postmoderne unter dem Aspekt des Geschlechts: Welcher Verfahren bedient sich avantgardistische Kunst, ist avantgardistische Kunst in geschlechtlicher Hinsicht restriktiv, oder ermöglicht sie die subversive feministische oder auch lesbisch-schwule Ausformung spezifischer Formen?In this book the French and American avantgarde theatre of the modern and postmodern period is analysed from aspects of gender. The questions raised are which processes serve to develop avantgarde art, whether avantgarde art is restrictive with regard to gender, or whether it enables a subversive feminist or specific lesbian/gay forms of theatre?

  15. Eros, Morfeos, Thanatos. Maurice Blanchot, Věra Linhartová a jiní blízcí-vzdálení // Eros, Morfeos, Thanatos. Maurice Blanchot, Věra Linhartová and other close-far ones

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Veronika Košnarová

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available This article considers the relationships between the works of Maurice Blanchot and Věra Linhartová, looking at close semantic links between their themes of desire, sleep (dreaming, and death. The connections are examined in the writings of the two authors, especially in their poetic reinterpretations of the Orpheus myth and in the themes of the overcoming of death, the impossibility of death, and the experience of one’s own death. In this context, the article also suggests connections with the ideas of other authors, such as Camille Flammarion, Franz Kafka, Rainer Maria Rilke, Georges Bataille, and Ladislav Klíma.

  16. ATR-FTIR and Raman spectroscopic investigation of the electroporation-mediated transdermal delivery of a nanocarrier system containing an antitumour drug.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Balázs, Boglárka; Sipos, Péter; Danciu, Corina; Avram, Stefana; Soica, Codruta; Dehelean, Cristina; Varju, Gábor; Erős, Gábor; Budai-Szűcs, Mária; Berkó, Szilvia; Csányi, Erzsébet

    2016-01-01

    The aim of the present work was the optimization of the transdermal delivery of a lyotropic liquid crystal genistein-based formulation (LLC-GEN). LLC was chosen as medium in view of the poor solubility of GEN in water. Membrane diffusion and penetration studies were carried out with a Franz diffusion cell, through a synthetic membrane in vitro, a chick chorioallantoic membrane ex ovo, and ex vivo excised human epidermis. Thereafter, LLC-GEN was combined with electroporation (EP) to enhance the transdermal drug delivery. The synergistic effect of EP was verified by in vivo ATR-FTIR and ex vivo Raman spectroscopy on hairless mouse skin.

  17. Deux théories de l'analyse psychique: Wundt et Brentano

    OpenAIRE

    Dewalque, Arnaud

    2014-01-01

    L’objectif de ce chapitre est de réévaluer succinctement les relations entre la phénoménologie et la psychologie expérimentale naissantes à partir des positions de Franz Brentano et de Wilhelm Wundt. Contrairement à une idée reçue, je suggère, d’une part, que les programmes analytiques de Brentano et de Wundt reposent tous deux sur un procédé expérimental consistant à faire varier les parties des phénomènes psychiques étudiés. Mais je suggère aussi, d’autre part, que les théories de l’analyse...

  18. Energy policy of the Bavarian Government

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Strauss, F J

    1986-06-01

    On the annual meeting of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Regionaler Energieversorgungsunternehmen in Munich (April 28-29) the Prime Minister of Bavaria Franz Josef Strauss was speaking about Bavarian energy policy as stretching from Kahl to the planned Wackersdorf reprocessing plant. Neither did he fail to mention the intended increase of the coal rate nor to express his opinion on the Ukrainian reactor accident. Besides, Strauss expressed his wish of returning to a harmonic basic energy policy which will look after the interests of man and the environment and will help to arrive at a consensus free from all ideology which is the basis of our conditions of life and future social security.

  19. Holocene climate change in North Africa and the end of the African humid period - results of new high-resolution transient simulations with the MPI-ESM 1.3

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dallmeyer, Anne; Claussen, Martin; Lorenz, Stephan

    2017-04-01

    The Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology has recently undertaken high-resolution transient Holocene simulations using the fully-coupled Earth System Model MPI-ESM 1.3. The simulations cover the last 8000 years and are forced not only by reconstructed Holocene orbital variations and atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, but also by recent compilations of Holocene volcanic aerosol distributions, variations in spectral solar irradiance, stratospheric ozone and land-use change. The simulations reveal the ubiquitous "Holocene conundrum": simulated global mean temperatures increase during the mid-Holocene and stay constant during the late Holocene. Simulated mid-Holocene near-surface temperatures are too cold in large parts of the world. Simulated precipitation, however, agrees much better with reconstruction than temperatures do. Likewise simulated global biome pattern fit reconstructions nicely, except for North Western America. First results of these simulations are presented with the main focus on the North African monsoon region. The amplitude of the mid-Holocene African Humid Period (AHP) is well captured in terms of precipitation and vegetation cover, so is the south-ward transgression of the termination of the AHP seen in reconstructions. The Holocene weakening and southward retreat of the North African monsoon as well as changes in the monsoon dynamic including shifts in the seasonal cycle and their relation to the locally varying termination of the AHP are discussed in detail. Members of the Hamburg Holocene Team: Jürgen Bader (1), Sebastian Bathiany (2), Victor Brovkin (1), Martin Claussen (1,3), Traute Crüger (1), Roberta D'agostino (1), Anne Dallmeyer (1), Sabine Egerer (1), Vivienne Groner (1), Matthias Heinze (1), Tatiana Ilyina (1), Johann Jungclaus (1), Thomas Kleinen (1), Alexander Lemburg (1), Stephan Lorenz (1), Thomas Raddatz (1), Hauke Schmidt (1), Gerhard Schmiedl (3), Bjorn Stevens (1), Claudia Timmreck (1), Matthew Toohey (4) (1) Max

  20. Sobre Neuronatomía, Neurohistología e Historia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jaime Fandiño-Franky

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available En el trabajo titulado “Causas históricas que justificaron al cirugía de las epilepsias” se hacen varias afirmaciones entre las que se cuentan: 1. Franz Morell descubrió las neuronas internunciales 2. En la estimulación del nervio vago los impulsos llegan al núcleo del tracto solitario y de allí al tronco cerebral 3. Las estimulaciones corticales fueron realizadas por Harvey Cushing en 1009 lo que le permitió localizar el área motora y sensitiva. En oposición a estas notas, manifiesto lo que va en contra del consenso histórico en el campo por las siguientes sencillas razones: 1. Las interneuronas son neuronas cruciales de las redes cerebrales relacionadas con el control motor (4 y fueron descubiertas por Camillo Golgi, quién inventó la reacción oscura en 1873 y fue el descubridor de la fina estructura anatómica del sistema nervioso. Estas células que Golgi describió y descubrió, fueron entonces propuestas como prototipo de interneuronas (5. Camilo Golgi realizó este descubrimiento por finales del siglo XIX y Franz Morell realizó contribuciones hacia finales del siglo XX. 2. El núcleo del tracto solitario se ubica en el tronco encefálico y está constituido por aferentes axonicos de los nervios craneales facial, glosofaríngeo y vago (2. Por ubicación topográfica se circunscribe al bulbo raquídeo (3, por lo que estando en el tronco encefálico no pude dirigirse así mismo (es redundante. 3. Harvey Cushing no existía en 1009, él fue un eminente neurocirujano que vivió entre 1869 y 1939 (6.

  1. In vitro-in vivo correlation study for the dermatopharmacokinetics of terbinafine hydrochloride topical cream.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Saeheng, Suwadee; Nosoongnoen, Wichit; Varothai, Supenya; Sathirakul, Korbtham

    2013-09-01

    To investigate the relationship between dermatopharmacokinetic (DPK) tape stripping from in vitro and in vivo using 1% terbinafine hydrochloride topical cream as the model formulation. In vitro and in vivo tape strippings were conducted on separated pig ear skin used as a biological membrane for franz diffusion cell testing and the non-hairy skin area at the ventral forearms of healthy volunteers, respectively. Terbinafine (1%) topical cream was applied to the skin for 0.5, 2, and 4 h. The drug profiles of terbinafine across the stratum corneum were determined immediately (time 0 h), and at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h after removing the formulation. The amounts of terbinafine were analyzed by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet method. The area under the curve (AUC) and the maximum amounts of terbinafine absorption (Q(max)) were obtained from pharmacokinetic software. Partition coefficient (K(SC/veh)) and diffusion parameter (D/L²) were derived from the Fick's second law equation. During the schedule time of 8 h, the deviations of in vitro and in vivo data were 6.61 and 30.46% for AUC and Q(max), respectively. There was insignificant difference of the K(SC/veh) and the D/L² between excised pig ear and human skin. In addition, K(SC/veh) and D/L² at T(max) of 2 h were used to predict the AUC presented the value of 4.7481 %h whereas the true value calculated from pharmacokinetic software provided the value of 5.9311 %h differing from each other in approximate of 20%. In vitro tape stripping using the separated pig ear skin as a viable membrane of the franz diffusion cell testing demonstrates the potential to represent in vivo tape stripping in human for topical bioavailability/bioequivalence study of terbinafine hydrochloride 1% topical cream.

  2. Uma nosologia para os fenômenos sobrenaturais e a construção do cérebro 'possuído' no século XIX A nosology for supernatural phenomena and the construction of the 'possessed' brain in the nineteenth century

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Valéria Portugal Gonçalves

    Full Text Available Fenômenos sobrenaturais como os chamados transe e possessão espiritual recebem, no final do século XX, codificação científica, integrando os diagnósticos da psiquiatria hegemônica. No final do século XIX, observamos a apropriação científica de fenômenos considerados originários da superstição ou imaginação popular. Neste trabalho, demonstramos como o transe e a possessão espiritual foram estudados por Franz Anton Mesmer e seus discípulos ao desenvolver o conceito de magnetismo; por James Braid no processo de criação da teoria da hipnose; e por Jean Martin Charcot, marcando a entrada da histeria para as classificações nosológicas. Apesar das diferenças entre essas escolas, identificamos a utilização do cérebro e de metáforas cerebralistas como alicerce das teorias sobre a mente.At the end of the twentieth century, supernatural phenomena such as so called trances and possession by spirits received a scientific classification, which includes the numerous diagnoses of the dominant psychiatry. At the end of the nineteenth century we can observe a process of scientific categorization of phenomena considered to have originated in superstition or popular imagination. In this work we show how trances and spiritual possession were studied by Franz Anton Mesmer and his followers when developing the concept of magnetism; by James Braid during the creation of his theory of hypnosis; and by Jean Martin Charcot, which marked the entry of hysteria into nosological classification. Despite the differences between these schools, we identify the use of the brain and cerebral metaphors as the foundation of theories of the mind.

  3. Formulation and in Vitro, ex Vivo and in Vivo Evaluation of Elastic Liposomes for Transdermal Delivery of Ketorolac Tromethamine

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Néstor Mendoza

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available The objective of the current study was to formulate ketorolac tromethamine-loaded elastic liposomes and evaluate their in vitro drug release and their ex vivo and in vivo transdermal delivery. Ketorolac tromethamine (KT, which is a potent analgesic, was formulated in elastic liposomes using Tween 80 as an edge activator. The elastic vesicles were prepared by film hydration after optimizing the sonication time and number of extrusions. The vesicles exhibited an entrapment efficiency of 73 ± 11%, vesicle size of 127.8 ± 3.4 nm and a zeta potential of −12 mV. In vitro drug release was analyzed from liposomes and an aqueous solution, using Franz diffusion cells and a cellophane dialysis membrane with molecular weight cut-off of 8000 Da. Ex vivo permeation of KT across pig ear skin was studied using a Franz diffusion cell, with phosphate buffer (pH 7.4 at 32 °C as receptor solution. An in vivo drug permeation study was conducted on healthy human volunteers using a tape-stripping technique. The in vitro results showed (i a delayed release when KT was included in elastic liposomes, compared to an aqueous solution of the drug; (ii a flux of 0.278 mg/cm2h and a lag time of about 10 h for ex vivo permeation studies, which may indicate that KT remains in the skin (with the possibility of exerting a local effect before reaching the receptor medium; (iii a good correlation between the total amount permeated, the penetration distance (both determined by tape stripping and transepidermal water loss (TEWL measured during the in vivo permeation studies. Elastic liposomes have the potential to transport the drug through the skin, keep their size and drug charge, and release the drug into deep skin layers. Therefore, elastic liposomes hold promise for the effective topical delivery of KT.

  4. Doris Wastl-Walter: Gender Geographien. Geschlecht und Raum als soziale Konstruktionen. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2010.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dörte Segebart

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Das Buch ist eine kompakte Einführung in die geographische Geschlechterforschung, die alle relevanten aktuellen Debatten aufgreift. Das bislang erste Lehrbuch zum Thema fasst die theoretischen Grundlagen und methodischen Ansätze zur Analyse der Kategorien Geschlecht, Körper, Umwelt/Natur und Raum zusammen. Anhand von exemplarischen Themenkomplexen (z. B. Arbeit, Migration, Stadt, Ressourcennutzung wird die konkrete Anwendung der theoretischen Konzepte an zahlreichen empirischen Beispielen und Forschungsergebnissen aus der deutschsprachigen und internationalen geographischen Forschung verdeutlicht. Die Publikation ist ein lange fälliges Einführungswerk für Studierende und Wissenschaftler/-innen, die sich mit der räumlich-geographischen Dimension der Gender-Thematik auseinandersetzen.This book is a compact introduction into geographical Gender Studies, which addresses all relevant discussions. The thus far first textbook on this topic summarizes the theoretical foundations and the methodological approaches for the analysis of the categories gender, body, environment/nature, and space. Using exemplary topics (e.g. work, migration, city, resource utilization, the practical application of the theoretical concepts is illustrated with numerous empirical examples and research findings of German and international geographical research. This publication is a long overdue introductory work for students and researchers who deal with the spatial-geographical dimension of gender.

  5. Superfluità e ‘vuoto mentale’ dei lavoratori: una esplorazione attraverso i racconti di Franz Kafka

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luigi Ferrari

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Kafka non è stato un impiegato passivo e distratto. Recenti studi sui suoi documenti di lavoro hanno evidenziato una passione e una competenza professionale notevoli. Questa competenza è stata riversata nelle sue opere letterarie che parlano di lavoro e di organizzazioni con una conoscenza diretta. Lo stile simbolista di Kafka è stato molto efficace nel cambiare il modo di vedere le organizzazioni. Lo scrittore, in particolare, ha intuito la crescita degli ultimi anni della popolazione eccedente. Kafka ha saputo afferrare la psicologia e gli atteggiamenti profondi dei lavoratori che fronteggiano la loro superfluità e l’espulsione dal mondo del lavoro. Più in dettaglio, Kafka è stato capace di analizzare la resa psicologica alla superfluità che si esprime soprattutto con una specifica forma di “vuoto mentale”. Parole chiave: , disoccupazione, Kafka, narrazioni del lavoro

  6. Noncommutative analysis, operator theory and applications

    CERN Document Server

    Cipriani, Fabio; Colombo, Fabrizio; Guido, Daniele; Sabadini, Irene; Sauvageot, Jean-Luc

    2016-01-01

    This book illustrates several aspects of the current research activity in operator theory, operator algebras and applications in various areas of mathematics and mathematical physics. It is addressed to specialists but also to graduate students in several fields including global analysis, Schur analysis, complex analysis, C*-algebras, noncommutative geometry, operator algebras, operator theory and their applications. Contributors: F. Arici, S. Bernstein, V. Bolotnikov, J. Bourgain, P. Cerejeiras, F. Cipriani, F. Colombo, F. D'Andrea, G. Dell'Antonio, M. Elin, U. Franz, D. Guido, T. Isola, A. Kula, L.E. Labuschagne, G. Landi, W.A. Majewski, I. Sabadini, J.-L. Sauvageot, D. Shoikhet, A. Skalski, H. de Snoo, D. C. Struppa, N. Vieira, D.V. Voiculescu, and H. Woracek.

  7. Märts - kirjutajate lõikuskuu / Rein Veidemann

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Veidemann, Rein, 1946-

    2003-01-01

    Kultuurkapitali kirjandusauhindadest ja nende saajatest. Proosa - Jüri Ehlvest, "Hobune eikusagilt"; luule - Karl Martin Sinijärv, "Artutart & 39"; näitekirjandus - Vaino Vahing, "Mängud ja kõnelused" ; lastekirjandus - Heino Kiik, "Kuresaapad"; esseistika - Peeter Mudist, "Ratsukäik"; tõlge eesti keelde - Mati Sirkel, Franz Kafka "Hiina müüri ehitamisel"; tõlge eesti keelest (Via Estica) - Antoine Chalvin, Jaan Kaplinski "Le désir de la pousière"; artiklipreemia - Tõnu Õnnepalu, "Kui...Küpsemine. Aleksander Suumani kaks luuletust ja üks raamat ("Meil siin Hüperboreas")", ilmus Loomingus, nr. 5-6; venekeelsete autorite auhind - Mihhail Veller - viimase 10 aasta proosaloomingu eest, ka ilmus 2002. a. eesti keeles tema "Nulltund"

  8. The eugenic legacy in psychology and psychiatry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pilgrim, David

    2008-05-01

    Assumptions about genetic differences in human mental characteristics can be traced in large part to the eugenic movement, ascendant at the turn of the 20th century. This paper offers historical case studies, of 'innate general cognitive ability' and 'psychiatric genetics', in order to appraise the eugenic legacy in current psychology and psychiatry. Reviewing the work of representatives, Cyril Burt, Franz Kallmann and Eliot Slater, along with their research networks, it is argued that eugenics remains a quiet but powerful background influence in modern-day psychology and psychiatry. At the turn of the 21st century, eugenics remains an important area of inquiry, reflection and education for those in the inter-disciplinary field of social psychiatry.

  9. From the early history of X-ray documentation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Beck, A.

    1988-01-01

    By chance, eight X-ray plates dating from 1899 were found in 1986. Each of these glass plates shows the patient's name and the date of the examinations, which were performed in Vienna by Prof. Franz Exner, who was a friend of W.C. Roentgen. The glass plates are 25x13 cm and 10x18 cm in area and 3 mm thick. One side is coated with silver bromide. Probably these are some of the earliest X-ray records in the history of radiology. Their quality is comparable with the quality that can be achieved today, even though the materials and the imaging method used were somewhat unsophisticated. (orig.) [de

  10. Zeitspiel ist keine Alternative - Warum der Wandel zur Pflicht wird

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dieper, Stephan

    "Wege entstehen dadurch, dass man sie geht." (Franz Kafka) Die Welt der Digitalisierung ist voll von Wegen, die jemand gegangen ist, bevor dort ein Weg war. Manche dieser Wege stellten sich als Sackgasse heraus, manche als Abkürzung und aus anderen wurden ganze Wegenetze und Städte. Die Energiewelt wird durch den digitalen Wandel nicht verschont bleiben. Durch die intelligenten Messsysteme und die zugehörigen, neuen Strukturen werden energiefremden Wettbewerbern Chancen zum Markteintritt eröffnet. EVUs müssen sich darauf einstellen, dass der permanente Wandel nicht mehr enden wird. Doch auch den EVUs eröffnen sich Optionen. Um erfolgreich zu sein, müssen sie lernen loszugehen, ohne das genaue Ziel zu kennen.

  11. Révolution conservatrice et national-socialisme : le cas d’Edgar J. Jung

    OpenAIRE

    Merlio, Gilbert

    2018-01-01

    Le titre de cette communication eût pu être : le leurre de la révolution conser­vatrice ou encore le dompteur dompté. Elle va en effet évoquer ce que les histo­riens allemands appellent le Zähmungskonzept, le problème de cette droite alle­mande qui, tout en le méprisant et en s’en méfiant, a fini par laisser Hitler parvenir au pouvoir tout en s’imaginant pouvoir le contrôler : « Was, Hitler an der Macht », s’écrie en substance Franz von Papen après le 30 janvier 1933, « wir regieren ! » Mais,...

  12. Romanistik und gender studies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Susanne Schlünder

    2000-11-01

    Full Text Available Die beiden Bände bieten ein breites Spektrum von Beiträgen zur französischen, italienischen und spanischen Literaturwissenschaft. Gedankliche Grundlage der im einzelnen unterschiedlichen Ansätze und Zielsetzungen ist ein im Anschluß an Judith Butler gender-reflektierendes, diskursives Konzept von Geschlecht, dessen wissenschaftsgeschichtliche Herleitung und Perspektiven Renate Kroll einleitend darlegt. Die einzelnen Artikel beschäftigen sich zum einen mit literarischen Strategien, die Schriftstellerinnen vom Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart erprobt haben, und hinterfragen dabei die Rolle weiblicher Autoren in Literaturgeschichte und Literaturgeschichtsschreibung. Zum anderen widmen sie sich den literarischen Inszenierungs- und Repräsentationsformen von Weiblichkeit und stellen darüber einen Bezug zur Lebenswelt der behandelten Autorinnen her.

  13. Lifshitz black branes and DC transport coefficients in massive Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kuang, Xiao-Mei; Papantonopoulos, Eleftherios; Wu, Jian-Pin; Zhou, Zhenhua

    2018-03-01

    We construct analytical Lifshitz massive black brane solutions in massive Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity theory. We also study the thermodynamics of these black brane solutions and obtain the thermodynamical stability conditions. On the dual nonrelativistic boundary field theory with Lifshitz symmetry, we analytically compute the DC transport coefficients, including the electric conductivity, thermoelectric conductivity, and thermal conductivity. The novel property of our model is that the massive term supports the Lifshitz black brane solutions with z ≠1 in such a way that the DC transport coefficients in the dual field theory are finite. We also find that the Wiedemann-Franz law in this dual boundary field theory is violated, which indicates that it may involve strong interactions.

  14. Weber and Kafka: The rational and the enigmatic bureaucracy

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Beck Jørgensen, Torben

    2012-01-01

    Max Weber’s and Franz Kafka’s respective understandings of bureaucracy are as different as night and day. Yet, Kafka’s novel The Castle is best read with Max Weber at hand. In fact, Kafka relates systematically to all the dimensions in Weber’s ideal type of bureaucracy and give us a much......’s painting: Ascending and Descending. Nevertheless, Weber and Kafka can both be right. While Kafka looks at the bureaucratic phenomenon through persons who are marginalized, Weber’s perspective is historic-comparative and top-down. Are the observations of the one more correct than the other? The question...... is meaningless. As two opposite poles, Weber and Kafka ‘magnetize’ each other....

  15. Leituras de Kafka: Escólios sobre a burocracia e o exercício da lei

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bruno Barbosa dos Santos

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Este ensaio tem como objetivo apresentar algumas considerações acerca da burocracia e do direito na obra de Franz Kafka. As breves notas que dão corpo ao texto buscam salientar conceitos fundamentais da literatura kafkiana para fazer deles um novo uso. Deste modo, distanciando-se da exegese “judaico-realística” de Max Brod, o texto recorrerá à fortuna crítica de autores como Walter Benjamin, Günther Anders e Giorgio Agamben para realizar outra leitura das categorias teológicas presentes em Kafka. Com isso, as notas a seguir procuram avaliar as estratégias investidas pelo prosador tcheco contra os mecanismos da lei.

  16. The Colonial Situation: Complicities and Distinctions from the Surrealist Image

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pedro Pablo Gómez

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available In this work, taking as baseline the thought of Aimé Césaire and Franz Fanon —keeping in mind the closeness of the Negritude movement with surrealism—, we propose to approach the modernity/coloniality problem, appealing to the denominated surrealist image of beauty. In the first part the colonial situation is approached, in the second the colonial situation from the logic of surrealist image, and in the third the possibility of a decolonial universal or pluriversal is raised. In general terms, exploring the existent link between the “surrealist image” and the colonial structure of modernity —that generates the denominated colonial situation—, we aspire to approach what could be a decolonial aesthetic that, as general problem, will be tackled in later works.

  17. Replication and Pedagogy in the History of Psychology II: Fowler & Wells's Phrenology

    Science.gov (United States)

    Trevino, Kelly M.; Konrad, Krista K.

    2008-05-01

    Phrenologists believed that specific brain regions corresponded to certain character traits. In addition, the size of each brain region was believed to determine the strength of the respective trait. Phrenology originated in Austria with Franz Josef Gall and was popularized and commercialized in America at the end of the 19th century by Orson Squire Fowler. In this project, we conducted a replication of Fowler’s phrenology in order to better understand the specificity of the manualized methodology, the extent to which the methodology allowed for positive versus negative analyses, and the implications for the scientific rejection and public acceptance of phrenology. The results of our replication revealed that the subjective judgments and biases of the examiner strongly influence the results of phrenological analyses.

  18. Ultrastrukturelle Untersuchungen zur Morphologie und Genese der Spermien von Archaeogastropoda

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kohnert, R.; Storch, V.

    1983-03-01

    The sperm cells of Patella coerulea (Patellacea), Monodonta turbinata, and Gibbula tumida (Trochacea) were investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy. They belong to the primitive type (sensu Franzén) and have more features in common with primitive Bivalvia sperms than with Neritacea. Their head contains an apical acrosome and a roundish nucleus followed by 4 or 5 mitochondria and a centriolar apparatus which consists of two centrioles, one of which bears a flagellum. The sperm cells of Monodonta and Gibbula are very similar to each other and differ mainly in size; Patella exhibits more differences (very small acrosome, subacrosomal space, variable number of spherical mitochondria (origin of spermic dimorphism ?). The development of the sperm cells shows no peculiarities.

  19. Twardowski On Truth

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Peter Simons

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available Of those students of Franz Brentano who went on to become professional philosophers, Kazimierz Twardowski (1866-1938 is much less well-known than his older contemporaries Edmund Husserl and Alexius Meinong. Yet in terms of the importance of his contribution to the history of philosophy, he ranks among Brentano’s students behind at most those two, possibly only behind Husserl. The chief contribution of Twardowski to global philosophy came indirectly, through the influence of his theory of truth on his students, and they on their students, and so on. The most important of these grandstudents is one whom Twardowski presumably knew but never taught, and whose adopted name is obtained by deleting four letters from his own: Tarski.

  20. Spin heat accumulation induced by tunneling from a ferromagnet.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vera-Marun, I J; van Wees, B J; Jansen, R

    2014-02-07

    An electric current from a ferromagnet into a nonmagnetic material can induce a spin-dependent electron temperature. Here, it is shown that this spin heat accumulation, when created by tunneling from a ferromagnet, produces a non-negligible voltage signal that is comparable to that due to the coexisting electrical spin accumulation and can give a different Hanle spin precession signature. The effect is governed by the spin polarization of the Peltier coefficient of the tunnel contact, its Seebeck coefficient, and the spin heat resistance of the nonmagnetic material, which is related to the electrical spin resistance by a spin-Wiedemann-Franz law. Moreover, spin heat injection is subject to a heat conductivity mismatch that is overcome if the tunnel interface has a sufficiently large resistance.

  1. ‘Between life and death’: On land, silence and liberation in the capital city

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Stephan F. de Beer

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available This article reflects on the unfinished task of liberation – as expressed in issues of land – and drawing from the work of Franz Fanon and the Durban-based social movement Abahlali baseMjondolo. It locates its reflections in four specific sites of struggle in the City of Tshwane, and against the backdrop of the mission statement of the Faculty of Theology at the University of Pretoria, as well as the Capital Cities Research Project based in the same university. Reflecting on the ‘living death’ of millions of landless people on the one hand, and the privatisation of liberation on the other, it argues that a liberating praxis of engagement remains a necessity in order to break the violent silences that perpetuate exclusion.

  2. Mydriatics release from solid and semi-solid ophthalmic formulations using different in vitro methods.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pescina, Silvia; Macaluso, Claudio; Gioia, Gloria Antonia; Padula, Cristina; Santi, Patrizia; Nicoli, Sara

    2017-09-01

    The aim of the present paper was the development of semi-solid (hydrogels) and solid (film) ophthalmic formulations for the controlled release of two mydriatics: phenylephrine and tropicamide. The formulations - based on polyvinylalcohol and hyaluronic acid - were characterized, and release studies were performed with three different in vitro set-ups, i.e. Franz-type diffusion cell, vial method and inclined plane; for comparison, a solution and a commercial insert, both clinically used to induce mydriasis, were evaluated. Both gels and film allowed for a controlled release of drugs, appearing a useful alternative for mydriatics administration. However, the release kinetic was significantly influenced by the method used, highlighting the need for optimization and standardization of in vitro models for the evaluation of drug release from ophthalmic dosage forms.

  3. Soft modes in the perceptron model for jamming.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Franz, Silvio

    I will show how a well known neural network model \\x9Dthe perceptro provides a simple solvable model of glassy behavior and jamming. The glassy minima of the energy function of this model can be studied in full analytic detail. This allows the identification of two kind of soft modes the first ones associated to the existence a marginal glass phase and a hierarchical structure of the energy landscape, the second ones associated to isostaticity and marginality of jamming. These results highlight the universality of the spectrum of normal modes in disordered systems, and open the way toward a detailed analytical understanding of the vibrational spectrum of low-temperature glasses. This work was supported by a Grant from the Simons Foundation (454941 to Silvio Franz).

  4. Effects of vehicles and enhancers on transdermal delivery of clebopride.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rhee, Yun-Seok; Huh, Jai-Yong; Park, Chun-Woong; Nam, Tae-Young; Yoon, Koog-Ryul; Chi, Sang-Cheol; Park, Eun-Seok

    2007-09-01

    The effects of vehicles and penetration enhancers on the skin permeation of clebopride were evaluated using Franz type diffusion cells fitted with excised rat dorsal skins. The binary vehicle system, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether/isopropyl myristate (40/60, w/w), significantly enhanced the skin permeation rate of clebopride. The skin permeation enhancers, oleic acid and ethanol when used in the binary vehicle system, resulted in relatively high clebopride skin permeation rates. A gel formulation consisting of 1.5% (w/w) clebopride, 5% (w/w) oleic acid, and 7% (w/w) gelling agent with the binary vehicle system resulted in a permeation rate of 28.90 microg/cm2/h. Overall, these results highlight the potential of clebopride formulation for the transdermal route.

  5. Recommendations for Assessment of the Reliability, Sensitivity, and Validity of Data Provided by Wearable Sensors Designed for Monitoring Physical Activity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Düking, Peter; Fuss, Franz Konstantin; Holmberg, Hans-Christer; Sperlich, Billy

    2018-04-30

    Although it is becoming increasingly popular to monitor parameters related to training, recovery, and health with wearable sensor technology (wearables), scientific evaluation of the reliability, sensitivity, and validity of such data is limited and, where available, has involved a wide variety of approaches. To improve the trustworthiness of data collected by wearables and facilitate comparisons, we have outlined recommendations for standardized evaluation. We discuss the wearable devices themselves, as well as experimental and statistical considerations. Adherence to these recommendations should be beneficial not only for the individual, but also for regulatory organizations and insurance companies. ©Peter Düking, Franz Konstantin Fuss, Hans-Christer Holmberg, Billy Sperlich. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 30.04.2018.

  6. Development of high frequency and wide bandwidth Johnson noise thermometry

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Crossno, Jesse; Liu, Xiaomeng; Kim, Philip; Ohki, Thomas A.; Fong, Kin Chung

    2015-01-01

    We develop a high frequency, wide bandwidth radiometer operating at room temperature, which augments the traditional technique of Johnson noise thermometry for nanoscale thermal transport studies. Employing low noise amplifiers and an analog multiplier operating at 2 GHz, auto- and cross-correlated Johnson noise measurements are performed in the temperature range of 3 to 300 K, achieving a sensitivity of 5.5 mK (110 ppm) in 1 s of integration time. This setup allows us to measure the thermal conductance of a boron nitride encapsulated monolayer graphene device over a wide temperature range. Our data show a high power law (T ∼ 4) deviation from the Wiedemann-Franz law above T ∼ 100 K

  7. Medindo o preconceito racial no Brasil: Aniela Ginsberg e o estudo das atitudes raciais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Chor Maio

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo aborda um conjunto de trabalhos realizados por Ginsberg sobre as relações étnico-raciais no Brasil. Procuro demonstrar que o processo de inflexão da visão de Ginsberg centrado inicialmente em investigações de natureza comportamental passa gradativamente a mobilizar argumentos socioantropológicos para o entendimento das assimetrias raciais. Argumento que tal mudança decorreu sobretudo da influência dos estudos do psicólogo social e antropólogo Otto Klineberg, da Universidade de Columbia, ex-orientando de Franz Boas, professor do Departamento de Psicologia da USP entre 1945 e 1947, e severo crítico dos testes de inteligência e do valor heurístico do conceito de raça.

  8. Reuleaux models at St. Petersburg State University

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kuteeva, G. A.; Sinilshchikova, G. A.; Trifonenko, B. V.

    2018-05-01

    Franz Reuleaux (1829 - 1905) is a famous mechanical engineer, a Professor of the Berlin Royal Technical Academy. He became widely known as an engineer-scientist, a Professor and industrial consultant, education reformer and leader of the technical elite of Germany. He directed the design and manufacture of over 300 models of simple mechanisms. They were sold to many famous universities for pedagogical and scientific purposes. Today, the most complete set is at Cornell University, College of Engineering. In this article we discuss the history, the modern state and our using the Reuleaux models that survived at St. Petersburg State University for educational purposes. We present description of certain models and our electronic resource with these models. We provide the information of similar electronic resources from other universities.

  9. Occurrence of a new microsporidium in the skeletal muscle of the flying fish Cypselurus pinnatibarbatus japonicus (Exocoetidae) from Yakushima, Japan.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yokoyama, Hiroshi; Lee, Sun-Joung; Bell, Andrew S

    2002-01-01

    A new microsporidium was observed in the flying fish Cypselurus pinnatibarbatus japonicus (Franz) (Exocoetidae) from Yakushima, Japan. Visual examination revealed the microsporidium to form white elongate nodules in the host's trunk muscle. Monomorphic spores were ovoid to pyriform in shape, with average dimensions of 4.1 x 2.2 microm and possessing a polar tube describing 13-15 coils. Histological observations showed that each parasite focus of infection was encapsulated by a host-produced fibrous membrane. The presence of sporophorous vesicles was not clearly determined. Ribosomal DNA sequence analyses showed the microsporidium to be discrete from other known fish muscle-infecting species and to be most closely related to a clade comprising the Pleistophoridae and Glugea spp. The parasite is provisionally placed as Microsporidium cypselurus sp. n.

  10. Sprache ohne Kultur: zur Kompetenzorientierung in den Fremdsprachen (am Beispiel des Französischunterrichts in Österreich

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Monika Neuhofer

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Der Beitrag betrachtet die Auswirkungen der Kompetenzorientierung in den Fremdsprachen und stellt die Frage nach der Aufgabe von Fremdsprachen im Kontext einer humanistisch orientierten Allgemeinbildung. Postuliert wird, dass eine ausschließliche Ausrichtung am Kompetenzparadigma bildende Inhalte verflacht oder sogar ausschließt, Sprache entkulturalisiert sowie entpolitisiert. Die Beobachtungen verdanken sich der schulischen Praxis an einem österreichischen Gymnasium und nehmen explizit auf die Veränderungen im Rahmen der neuen kompetenzorientierten Reifeprüfung in Österreich Bezug.  

  11. Nature/nurture and the anthropology of Franz Boas and Margaret Mead as an agenda for revolutionary politics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sidney M. Greenfield

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available There is much more involved in the nature/nurture debate than an abstract theoretical disagreement among dispassionate scientists. Each side of the debate leads logically to significantly different views of the social order and holds different implications for social policy. In this paper I shall argue that Boas' Anthropology with its emphasis on cultural relativism was as much a social and political agenda as it was a scientific theory. The positions on public policy issues he opposed were informed (and rationalized by what its advocates claimed to be science. To be able to counter the discriminatory policy proposals that followed from this science, it was necessary for Boas both to challenge its validity and then replace it with an alternative that would support a more liberal political agenda. This chapter of anthropology's history gains relevance in today's context as neoevolutionary, reductionist theories once more provide "scientific" support for conservative, separatist and often discriminatory social policies.O debate natureza/cultura é muito mais do que um desentendimento teórico e abstrato entre cientistas desapaixonados. Cada lado do debate leva a visões diferentes da ordem social e traz implicações diferentes para políticas sociais. Neste artigo, sugiro que a Antropologia de Boas, com sua ênfase no relativismo cultural, tanto quanto uma teoria científica, foi um programa social e político. As posturas de política pública às quais ele se opunha eram informadas (e racionalizadas por algo apresentado por seus proponentes como ciência. Para combater as propostas discriminatórias que decorriam desta ciência, cabia a Boas desafiar sua validade e substituí-la por uma alternativa que daria apoio a uma agenda política mais liberal. Esse capítulo da história da antropologia assume maior relevância no contexto atual em que teorias néo-evolucionistas e reducionistas mais uma vez fornecem uma base "científica" para políticas sociais conservadoras, separatistas e freqüentemente discriminatórias.

  12. Ethyl cellulose nanocarriers and nanocrystals differentially deliver dexamethasone into intact, tape-stripped or sodium lauryl sulfate-exposed ex vivo human skin - assessment by intradermal microdialysis and extraction from the different skin layers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Döge, Nadine; Hönzke, Stefan; Schumacher, Fabian; Balzus, Benjamin; Colombo, Miriam; Hadam, Sabrina; Rancan, Fiorenza; Blume-Peytavi, Ulrike; Schäfer-Korting, Monika; Schindler, Anke; Rühl, Eckart; Skov, Per Stahl; Church, Martin K; Hedtrich, Sarah; Kleuser, Burkhard; Bodmeier, Roland; Vogt, Annika

    2016-11-28

    Understanding penetration not only in intact, but also in lesional skin with impaired skin barrier function is important, in order to explore the surplus value of nanoparticle-based drug delivery for anti-inflammatory dermatotherapy. Herein, short-term ex vivo cultures of (i) intact human skin, (ii) skin pretreated with tape-strippings and (iii) skin pre-exposed to sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) were used to assess the penetration of dexamethasone (Dex). Intradermal microdialysis was utilized for up to 24h after drug application as commercial cream, nanocrystals or ethyl cellulose nanocarriers applied at the therapeutic concentration of 0.05%, respectively. In addition, Dex was assessed in culture media and extracts from stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis after 24h, and the results were compared to those in heat-separated split skin from studies in Franz diffusion cells. Providing fast drug release, nanocrystals significantly accelerated the penetration of Dex. In contrast to the application of cream and ethyl cellulose nanocarriers, Dex was already detectable in eluates after 6h when applying nanocrystals on intact skin. Disruption of the skin barrier further accelerated and enhanced the penetration. Encapsulation in ethyl cellulose nanocarriers delayed Dex penetration. Interestingly, for all formulations highly increased concentrations in the dialysate were observed in tape-stripped skin, whereas the extent of enhancement was less in SLS-exposed skin. The results were confirmed in tissue extracts and were in line with the predictions made by in vitro release studies and ex vivo Franz diffusion cell experiments. The use of 45kDa probes further enabled the collection of inflammatory cytokines. However, the estimation of glucocorticoid efficacy by Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 analysis was limited due to the trauma induced by the probe insertion. Ex vivo intradermal microdialysis combined with culture media analysis provides an effective, skin-sparing method for

  13. A first principles study of the electronic structure, elastic and thermal properties of UB{sub 2}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jossou, Ericmoore, E-mail: ericmoore.jossou@usask.ca [Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, S7N 5A9, Saskatchewan (Canada); Malakkal, Linu [Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, S7N 5A9, Saskatchewan (Canada); Szpunar, Barbara; Oladimeji, Dotun [Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, College of Art and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 116 Science Place, Saskatoon, S7N 5E2, Saskatchewan (Canada); Szpunar, Jerzy A. [Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, S7N 5A9, Saskatchewan (Canada)

    2017-07-15

    Uranium diboride (UB{sub 2}) has been widely deployed for refractory use and is a proposed material for Accident Tolerant Fuel (ATF) due to its high thermal conductivity. However, the applicability of UB{sub 2} towards high temperature usage in a nuclear reactor requires the need to investigate the thermomechanical properties, and recent studies have failed in highlighting applicable properties. In this work, we present an in-depth theoretical outlook of the structural and thermophysical properties of UB{sub 2}, including but not limited to elastic, electronic and thermal transport properties. These calculations were performed within the framework of Density Functional Theory (DFT) + U approach, using Quantum ESPRESSO (QE) code considering the addition of Coulomb correlations on the uranium atom. The phonon spectra and elastic constant analysis show the dynamic and mechanical stability of UB{sub 2} structure respectively. The electronic structure of UB{sub 2} was investigated using full potential linear augmented plane waves plus local orbitals method (FP-LAPW+lo) as implemented in WIEN2k code. The absence of a band gap in the total and partial density of states confirms the metallic nature while the valence electron density plot reveals the presence of covalent bond between adjacent B-B atoms. We predicted the lattice thermal conductivity (k{sub L}) by solving Boltzmann Transport Equation (BTE) using ShengBTE. The second order harmonic and third-order anharmonic interatomic force constants required as input to ShengBTE was calculated using the Density-functional perturbation theory (DFPT). However, we predicted the electronic thermal conductivity (k{sub el}) using Wiedemann-Franz law as implemented in Boltztrap code. We also show that the sound velocity along ‘a’ and ‘c’ axes exhibit high anisotropy, which accounts for the anisotropic thermal conductivity of UB{sub 2}. - Highlights: •Prediction of electronic structure and thermophysical properties of UB

  14. Steam generator corrosion 2007; Dampferzeugerkorrosion 2007

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Born, M. (ed.)

    2007-07-01

    Between 8th and 9th November, 2007, SAXONIA Standortentwicklungs- und -verwertungsgesellschaft GmbH (Freiberg, Federal Republic of Germany) performed the 3rd Freiberger discussion conference ''Fireside boiler corrosion''. The topics of the lectures are: (a) Steam generator corrosion - an infinite history (Franz W. Alvert); (b) CFD computations for thermal waste treatment plants - a contribution for the damage recognition and remedy (Klaus Goerner, Thomas Klasen); (c) Experiences with the use of corrosion probes (Siegfried R. Horn, Ferdinand Haider, Barbara Waldmann, Ragnar Warnecke); (d) Use of additives for the limitation of the high temperature chlorine corrosion as an option apart from other measures to the corrosion protection (Wolfgang Spiegel); (e) Current research results and aims of research with respect to chlorine corrosion (Ragnar Warnecke); (f) Systematics of the corrosion phenomena - notes for the enterprise and corrosion protection (Thomas Herzog, Wolfgang Spiegel, Werner Schmidl); (g) Corrosion protection by cladding in steam generators of waste incinerators (Joerg Metschke); (h) Corrosion protection and wear protection by means of thermal spraying in steam generators (Dietmar Bendix); (i) Review of thick film nickelized components as an effective protection against high-temperature corrosion (Johann-Wilhelm Ansey); (j) Fireproof materials for waste incinerators - characteristics and profile of requirement (Johannes Imle); (k) Service life-relevant aspects of fireproof linings in the thermal recycling of waste (Till Osthoevener and Wolfgang Kollenberg); (l) Alternatives to the fireproof material in the heating space (Heino Sinn); (m) Cladding: Inconal 625 contra 686 - Fundamentals / applications in boiler construction and plant construction (Wolfgang Hoffmeister); (n) Thin films as efficient corrosion barriers - thermal spray coating in waste incinerators and biomass firing (Ruediger W. Schuelein, Steffen Hoehne, Friedrich

  15. AlGaAs/GaAs two-dimensional electron gas structures studied by photo reflectance spectroscopy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Guillen Cervantes, A; Rivera Alvarez, Z; Hernandez, F; Huerta, J. [Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico); Mendez Garcia, V. H.; Lastras Martinez, A.; Zamora, L.; Saucedo, N. [Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi (Mexico); Melendez Lira, M; Lopez, M [Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

    2001-12-01

    Al{sub x} Ga{sub 1}-x As/GaAs two-dimensional electron gas (2-DEG) heterostructures were fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy in three different laboratories. The samples were characterized by room temperature Photo reflectance (PR) spectroscopy and measurements at 77 K. Internal electric fields were detected by the presence of Franz-Keldysh (FK) oscillations in the PR spectra. >From a FK analysis we obtained the GaAs band-gap energy and the built-in electric field strength in each sample. On the other hand, in the energy region corresponding to Al{sub x} Ga{sub 1}-x As a broad PR signal was registered typical of a highly doped material. Using the third derivative theory we obtained the Al{sub x} Ga{sub 1}-x As band-gap energy, and from this value the Al concentration in the samples. Results showed that the sample with highest electron mobility exhibited the lowest internal electric field strength. [Spanish] Se fabricaron heteroestructuras del tipo Al{sub x} Ga{sub 1}-x As/GaAs con un gas de electrones en dos dimensiones por medio de epitaxia de haces moleculares en tres laboratorios diferentes. Las muestras se caracterizaron por fotorreflectancia (FR) a temperatura ambiente y por mediciones del efecto mayor a 77 K. Campos electricos internos se detectaron por la presencia de oscilaciones Franz-Leldysh (FK) en los espectros de FR. Del analisis de las oscilaciones FK obtuvimos la energia de la brecha prohibida del GaAs y la intensidad del campo electrico interno en cada muestra. Por otra parte, en la region de energia correspondiente al Al{sub x} Ga{sub 1}-x As observamos una senal de FR ancha, tipica de un material altamente impurificado. Usando la teoria de la tercera derivada, obtuvimos el valor de la brecha de energia del Al{sub x}Ga{sub 1}-xAs, y de este valor la concentracion de Al en las muestras. Los resultados mostraron que la estructura con el valor de movilidad electronica mas alto tiene la intensidad de campo electrico interno mas baja.

  16. [A nosology for supernatural phenomena and the construction of the 'possessed' brain in the nineteenth century].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Goncalves, Valeria Portugal; Ortega, Francisco

    2013-06-01

    At the end of the twentieth century, supernatural phenomena such as so called trances and possession by spirits received a scientific classification, which includes the numerous diagnoses of the dominant psychiatry. At the end of the nineteenth century we can observe a process of scientific categorization of phenomena considered to have originated in superstition or popular imagination. In this work we show how trances and spiritual possession were studied by Franz Anton Mesmer and his followers when developing the concept of magnetism; by James Braid during the creation of his theory of hypnosis; and by Jean Martin Charcot, which marked the entry of hysteria into nosological classification. Despite the differences between these schools, we identify the use of the brain and cerebral metaphors as the foundation of theories of the mind.

  17. Kultuurkapitali kirjandusauhinnad jagatud

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2003-01-01

    Proosa - Jüri Ehlvest, "Hobune eikusagilt"; luule - Karl Martin Sinijärv, "Artutart & 39"; näitekirjandus - Vaino Vahing, "Mängud ja kõnelused" ; lastekirjandus - Heino Kiik, "Kuresaapad"; esseistika - Peeter Mudist, "Ratsukäik"; tõlge eesti keelde - Mati Sirkel, Franz Kafka "Hiina müüri ehitamisel"; tõlge eesti keelest (Via Estica) - Antoine Chalvin, Jaan Kaplinski "Le désir de la pousière"; artiklipreemia - Tõnu Õnnepalu, "Kui...Küpsemine. Aleksander Suumani kaks luuletust ja üks raamat ("Meil siin Hüperboreas"), ilmus Loomingus, nr. 5-6; venekeelsete autorite auhind - Mihhail Veller - viimase 10 aasta proosaloomingu eest, ka ilmus 2002. a. eesti keeles tema "Nulltund". Vt. ka: Postimees, 7. märts, lk. 15 ; Eesti Päevaleht : Arkaadia, 7. märts, lk. 20 ; Looming, 2003, nr. 4, lk. 632-633

  18. Colossal enhancement in thermoelectric effect in a laterally coupled double-quantum-dot chain by the Coulomb interactions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xiong, Lun; Yi, Lin

    2014-01-01

    Thermoelectric effects, including Seebeck coefficient (S), thermal conductance (κ), and figure of merit (ZT), in a laterally coupled double-quantum-dot (DQD) chain with two external nonmagnetic contacts are investigated theoretically by the nonequilibrium Green's function formalism. In this system, the DQD chain between two contacts forms a main channel for thermal electrons transporting, and each QD in the main chain couples laterally to a dangling one. The numerical calculations show that the Coulomb interactions not only lead to the splitting of the asymmetrical double-peak structure of the Seebeck coefficient, but also make the thermal spectrum show a strong violation of the Wiedemann–Franz law, leading to a colossal enhancement in ZT. These results indicate that the coupled DQD chain has potential applications in the thermoelectric devices with high thermal efficiency.

  19. Oído y vencido. El debido proceso en la cultura y la jurisprudencia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Ramón Narváez

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available El debido proceso es una institución técnica del Derecho que también está presente en la cultura popular. En este sentido, el presente trabajo identifica ciertos momentos emblemáticos en los que la cultura popular habla del aprecio social por la institución del debido proceso, en especial en dos figuras literarias clásicas: Robin Hood y El proceso de Franz Kafka. Finalmente, se muestra cómo la jurisprudencia actual tiene también sus referencias de prioridad respecto de esta institución. La idea es acercar al lector, a través del Debido proceso, a la lectura de la historia, la literatura y de la cultura popular universal donde subyace una idea muy acabada del derecho.

  20. Footprints of phineas gage: Historical beginnings on the origins of brain and behavior and the birth of cerebral localizationism

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bhaskara P Shelley

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available The intellectual revolution led by ancient Greek philosophers and physicians witnessed the extraordinary evolution of the birth of neuroscience from speculations of cardiocentrism (Aristotelism and encephalocentrism (Galenism. Later further development of neurosciences was hallmarked by the development of anatomic theories of phrenology by the German physician Franz Joseph Gall in 1796. Although phrenology was a pseudoscience, it was Gall who laid the foundations for the subsequent biologically based doctrine of brain behavior localization. The amazing story of Phineas Gage is a classic case in the nineteenth-century neurosciences literature that played a pivotal role in the concept of cerebral localizationism, a theory that moved beyond phrenology. This iconic case marked the historical beginnings of brain origins of human behavior and elucidated a link between brain trauma, prefrontal brain damage and personality change.

  1. Common Frontiers of the Exact Sciences and the Humanities

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hiebert, Erwin N.

    The physicist Franz Serafin Exner (1849-1926) was a prominent Austrian spokesman for the new developments that were coupled with turn-of-the-century experiments and theories related to entropy thermodynamics, the internally structured atom, quantum theory, and relativity. The Exner circle found its inspiration in the intellectual world of Ludwig Boltzmann and his teachers, colleagues, and students. Cross-discipline discussions on common and divergent frontiers of the exact sciences and the humanities meaningfully converged on the significance, comparison, and transfer of concepts such as the laws of nature, causality, probability, and chance. Oswald Spengler's Decline of the West, with its pessimistic, subjectivistic, and negative science-directed messages provided Exner with the opportunity to sharpen his support for the new scientific trends in physics - thus to champion the search for objective truth.

  2. Early Cosmic Ray Research with Balloons

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Walter, Michael, E-mail: michael.walter@desy.de

    2013-06-15

    The discovery of cosmic rays by Victor Hess during a balloon flight in 1912 at an altitude of 5350 m would not have been possible without the more than one hundred years development of scientific ballooning. The discovery of hot air and hydrogen balloons and their first flights in Europe is shortly described. Scientific ballooning was mainly connected with activities of meteorologists. It was also the geologist and meteorologist Franz Linke, who probably observed first indications of a penetrating radiation whose intensity seemed to increase with the altitude. Karl Bergwitz and Albert Gockel were the first physicists studying the penetrating radiation during balloon flights. The main part of the article deals with the discovery of the extraterrestrial radiation by V. Hess and the confirmation by Werner Kolhörster.

  3. Early Cosmic Ray Research with Balloons

    Science.gov (United States)

    Walter, Michael

    2013-06-01

    The discovery of cosmic rays by Victor Hess during a balloon flight in 1912 at an altitude of 5350 m would not have been possible without the more than one hundred years development of scientific ballooning. The discovery of hot air and hydrogen balloons and their first flights in Europe is shortly described. Scientific ballooning was mainly connected with activities of meteorologists. It was also the geologist and meteorologist Franz Linke, who probably observed first indications of a penetrating radiation whose intensity seemed to increase with the altitude. Karl Bergwitz and Albert Gockel were the first physicists studying the penetrating radiation during balloon flights. The main part of the article deals with the discovery of the extraterrestrial radiation by V. Hess and the confirmation by Werner Kolhörster.

  4. Early Cosmic Ray Research with Balloons

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Walter, Michael

    2013-01-01

    The discovery of cosmic rays by Victor Hess during a balloon flight in 1912 at an altitude of 5350 m would not have been possible without the more than one hundred years development of scientific ballooning. The discovery of hot air and hydrogen balloons and their first flights in Europe is shortly described. Scientific ballooning was mainly connected with activities of meteorologists. It was also the geologist and meteorologist Franz Linke, who probably observed first indications of a penetrating radiation whose intensity seemed to increase with the altitude. Karl Bergwitz and Albert Gockel were the first physicists studying the penetrating radiation during balloon flights. The main part of the article deals with the discovery of the extraterrestrial radiation by V. Hess and the confirmation by Werner Kolhörster

  5. A Unesco, a comunicação e o neoliberalismo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Quirós

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo reflete sobre como e por quê o debate sobre informação e comunicação na Unesco foi encerrado com a “nova estratégia de comunicação” fomentada por Federico Mayor Zaragoza, depois dos Estados Unidos da América e o Reino Unido abandonarem as negociações em 1985 e 1986, respectivamente. O autor descreve a crise de 1984 utilizando dois grandes romances do século XX, como fio condutor: O Processo, de Franz Kafka e 1984, de George Orwell. Na conclusão do artigo, afirma-se que as primeiras declarações da embaixadora de Donald Trump na ONU permite identificarmos uma nova chantagem dos conservadores estadunidenenses ao sistema das Nações Unidas.

  6. Thermal conductivity, electric resistivity, and Lorenz function for some transition metals measured by a direct electric heating technique

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Binkele, Ludolf

    1985-01-01

    The validity of the Wiedemann-Franz-Lorenz law in its standard form is disputed in the case of transition metals. However, normal behaviour could be demonstrated for the transition metals molybdenum, tantalum, and niobium by the application of an already tried and tested, and recently improved, modified Kohlrausch measuring method; that is, the high-temperature Lorenz number of these metals takes the Sommerfeld value, within measuring uncertainties of approx. 3%. In the case of tungsten, saturation was observed 16.7% above the Sommerfeld value. Even the Lorenz number of platinum seems to take on a saturation value at that level at temperatures above 1400 K. The lattice conductivity separated by various processes displays a temperature dependence describable by an exponential law for all the metals studied, in contrast to previous assumptions. (author)

  7. Quando a história encontra o corpo: interface entre os "deslocamentos" foucautianos e a iconoclastia kafkiana Cuando la historia encuentra el cuerpo: interfaz entre los "dislocamientos" foucaultianos y la iconoclastia kafkiana When the history meets the body: interface between the foucaul’s "dislocations" and the kafka’s iconoclast

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nei Antonio Nunes

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available Neste ensaio, partindo dos deslocamentos empreendidos pela genealogia foucaultiana na pesquisa histórica, propõe-se a análise da noção de acontecimento. Para tanto, recorre-se não só à produção filosófica de Foucault, mas também à genealogia de Nietzsche. Após a apresentação desses "procedimentos de investigação", analisaram-se duas novelas de Franz Kafka, A metamorfose e Na colônia penal. Na interface entre filosofia e literatura, entre os deslocamentos propostos por Foucault na pesquisa em história e a iconoclastia expressa no texto kafkiano, buscou-se identificar, por exemplo, como o corpo aparece, em tantos momentos, na trama contemporânea e, assim, no universo desnudado por esses pensadores. É justamente aqui que se procurou, com base na crítica dos autores em questão, examinar acontecimentos que possam ter pertinência à pesquisa em história da enfermagem.En este ensayo, partiéndose de los dislocamientos emprendidos por la genealogía foucaultiana en la investigación histórica, se propone un análisis acerca de la noción de acontecimiento. Para tanto, se recurre no solamente a la producción filosófica de Foucault, sino también a la genealogía de Nietzsche. Después de la presentación de esos "procedimientos de investigación", se analizaron dos novelas de Franz Kafka, La metamorfosis y La colonia penal. En la interfaz entre filosofía y literatura, entre los dislocamientos propuestos por Foucault en su investigación en historia y la iconoclastia expresa en el texto kafkiano, se ha buscado identificar, por ejemplo, cómo el cuerpo aparece, en tantos momentos, en la trama contemporánea y, así, en el universo desnudo por esos pensadores. Es precisamente aquí que se ha procurado, con base en la crítica de los autores en cuestión, examinar acontecimientos que puedan tener pertinencia en la investigación en historia de la enfermería.In this Essay, from the dislocations that happened in the Foucault

  8. Lead-Lag relationships? Asynchrounous and Abrupt Shifts in Atmospheric Circulation, Temperature, and Vegetation during the 8.2 ka Event in the Eastern Mediterranean at Tenaghi Philippon, Greece

    Science.gov (United States)

    Niedermeyer, E. M.; Mulch, A.; Pross, J.

    2017-12-01

    The "8.2 ka event" has been an abrupt and prominent climate perturbation during the Holocene, and is characterized by an episode of generally colder and dryer conditions in the Northern Hemisphere realm. However, evidence to what extent this event has had an impact on climate in the Mediterranean region is ambiguous, in particular with respect to rainfall, temperature and vegetation change on land. Here we present a new, high-resolution record (ø 15 years during the event) of paleotemperatures from the Tenaghi Philippon peat deposit, Eastern Macedonia, Greece, using the MBT'/CBT index based on brGDGTs (branched Glycerol-Dialkyl-Glycerol-Tetraethers). Our data show fairly stable temperatures before the event, which is initiated at 8.1 ka by an abrupt and continuous cooling during the first 35 years of the event. After a short, 10-year episode of minimum temperatures, the event is ended by a similarly abrupt and continuous warming within 38 years. Comparison of our record with a previous study of the stable hydrogen isotopic composition of higher-plant waxes (δDwax) on the same core1 shows that changes in temperature occurred simultaneously with shifts in atmospherics moisture sources (Mediterranean vs Atlantic). Interestingly, further comparison of our data with a previous palynological study of the same core2 reveals that changes in vegetation associated with the 8.2 ka event precede shifts in hydrology and temperature by 100 years. This suggests either pronounced changes in seasonality of temperature and rainfall after the onset of the 8.2 ka event, i.e. at the peak of the event, or that changes in local atmospheric circulation (moisture sources) and temperature where not the initial trigger of changes in vegetation. References: Pross, J., Kotthoff, U., Müller, U.C., Peyron, O., Dormoy, I., Schmiedl, G., Kalaitzidis, S. and Smith, A.M. (2009): Massive perturbation in terrestrial ecosystems of the Eastern Mediterranean region associated with the 8.2 kyr B

  9. Investigating the sonophoresis effect on the permeation of diclofenac sodium using 3D skin equivalent.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aldwaikat, Mai; Alarjah, Mohammed

    2015-01-01

    Ultrasound temporally increases skin permeability by altering stratum corneum SC function (sonophoresis). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of variable ultrasound conditions on the permeation of diclofenac sodium DS with range of physicochemical properties through EpiDerm™. Permeation studies were carried out in vitro using Franz diffusion cell. HPLC method was used for the determination of the concentration of diclofenac sodium in receiving compartment. Parameters like ultrasound frequency, application time, amplitude, and mode of sonication and distance of ultrasound horn from skin were investigated, and the conditions where the maximum enhancement rate obtained were determined. Application of ultrasound enhanced permeation of diclofenac sodium across EpiDerm™ by fivefolds. The most effective enhancing parameters were power sonication of 20kHz frequency, 20% amplitude at continuous mode for 5min. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.

  10. Effect of phonophoresis on skin permeation of commercial anti-inflammatory gels: sodium diclofenac and ketoprofen.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Souza, Jaqueline; Meira, Alianise; Volpato, Nadia Maria; Mayorga, Paulo; Gottfried, Carmem

    2013-09-01

    This study evaluated the use of ultrasound in combination with the commercial anti-inflammatory drugs ketoprofen and sodium diclofenac, according to the parameters used in physiotherapy. Ketoprofen and sodium diclofenac were used in the Franz diffusion cell model adapted to an ultrasound transducer in three conditions: no ultrasound, one application of ultrasound and two applications of ultrasound. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify the total amount of drug permeating skin per unit area, as well as flux and latency. The results showed that for ketoprofen, the amount of drug permeating skin and flux increased with two ultrasound applications. Permeation of sodium diclofenac decreased in the presence of ultrasound. Ultrasound parameters and drug properties must be considered in the use of phonophoresis. Copyright © 2013 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  11. Encapsulation of resveratrol in spherical particles of food grade hydrogels

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Balanč Bojana D.

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The paper reports about the preparation and characterization of hydrogel particles containing liposomes loaded with resveratrol as an active compound. The materials used for preparation of the particles were chosen to be suitable for food industry. Different polymer concentrations affect particles shape, size, size distribution, as well as the release kinetics of resveratrol. The diameter of particles varied from 360 to 754 μm, while the narrow size distribution was observed for all types of particles. Release studies were performed in Franz diffusion cell and the results showed the prolonged release of resveratrol from all samples, but the sample with the highest content of polymer (2.5% w/w in particular stood out. The research provides useful information about liposomes containing active compound encapsulated in hydrogel matrices and offers the basis for its application in the food industry.

  12. Molecular beam epitaxy grown Ge/Si pin layer sequence for photonic devices

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Schulze, J., E-mail: schulze@iht.uni-stuttgart.de; Oehme, M.; Werner, J.

    2012-02-01

    A key challenge to obtain a convergence of classical Si-based microelectronics and optoelectronics is the manufacturing of photonic integrated circuits integrable into classical Si-based integrated circuits. This integration would be greatly enhanced if similar facilities and technologies could be used. Therefore one approach is the development of optoelectronic components and devices made from group-IV-based materials such as SiGe, Ge or Ge:Sn. In this paper the optoelectronic performances of a pin diode made from a Ge/Si heterostructure pin layer sequence grown by molecular beam epitaxy are discussed. After a detailed description of the layer sequence growth and the device manufacturing process it will be shown that - depending on the chosen operating point and device design - the diode serves as a broadband high speed photo detector, Franz-Keldysh effect modulator or light emitting diode.

  13. Agriculture and the European public: Agendas, attitudes, and the management of issues

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Scholderer, Joachim

    Introduction: European agriculture has gone through troubled times. The critical point was reached in the 1980s. Support policies had increased production far beyond market demand. Allegations of support abuse were ripe. Policy-makers responded by partially replacing input- and output-linked forms...... of producer support with others. However, radical reform was avoided. In the period 2002-2004, the level of support to producers still amounted to approximately 30% of farm receipts in the EU, and 70% in Iceland, Norway and Switzerland. In the public eye, intensified agricultural production was also labelled...... a key culprit in environmental degradation. In the 1990s (notably in the reform plans set forth in the Agenda 2000 under Commissioner Franz Fischler), the EU responded by advocating the "multifunctionality" concept of agriculture. Among the EU's trading partners, the concept quickly gained notoriety...

  14. Penetration enhancer: monoethylether of diethylene glycol

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Koprda, V.; Kassai, Z.; Bohacik, L.; Bezek, S.; Hadcrafft, J.; Falson-Rieg, F.

    1999-01-01

    The monoethylether of diethylene glycol (Transcutol), an excellent solubilising agent, has been suggested as a penetration enhancer compatible with trans-dermal drug delivery systems. Using the abdominal skin of 5 day old rats and Franz-type diffusion cells the following topics were studied in this contribution: (1) Flux of Transcutol, labelled with [Ethyl- 14 C]-ether, across an intact skin model, (2) Changes in properties of the skin barrier after stripping with adhesive tape, and (3) Changes in flux of Transcutol when mixed with different co-solvents. The flux from pure solvent in donor compartment reached around 50 μg cm -2 hr -1 across the intact skin horny layer, whilst after 12 strips the flux increased about 200 times. In the presence of propylene glycol dipelargonate, the flux over 2 mg cm -2 hr -1 across non stripped skin was achieved. (authors)

  15. Efficiency and equality in the utilisation of natural resources. Perspectives of the raw materials, energy and water management industries from the view of economic ethics and moral economics; Effizienz und Gerechtigkeit bei der Nutzung natuerlicher Ressourcen. Wirtschaftsethische und moraloekonomische Perspektiven der Rohstoff-, Energie- und Wasserwirtschaft

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Aufderheide, Detlef; Dabrowski, Martin (eds.)

    2010-07-01

    Water, raw materials, petroleum and natural gas are resources that may be in short supply in the not-so-far future. This will result in national and global distribution conflicts. Here, unlike in the case of other commodities, the market mechanisms will not be able to solve the conflicts, either because of finite exploitability or extremely long planning horizons, or because market processes are influenced or overpowered by strategic interests of states. This book comprises the results of an interdisciplinary conference held in December 2009 at Franz Hitze Haus academy at Muenster, Germany. Current research findings in selected subject areas are presented in five contributions and discussed in two discussions each. The focus is on the effectiveness of modern economic solutions in a dialogue with practical experts from industry, administration and NGOs, as well as with theologians, philosophers and law specialists.

  16. Waiting for the Barbarians: Conrad, Kafka, Coetzee

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Simona Micali

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available The threat of the “Barbarians at the gates”, who bring chaos and death upon civilization, has gradually become one of the thematic obsessions of contemporary imagination. Along the course of the 20th century, the Enemy became less and less the bearer of another culture, and more and more the carrier of a Nonculture or an Anticulture. Such evolution is particularly evident in popular imagination, in all the comics and blockbuster films which stage the final battle between the heros of (white, Western civilization against a dreadful army of barbarian enemies. The article focus on three works – Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, Beim Bau der chinesischen Mauer by Franz Kafka, Waiting for the Barbarians by J.M. Coetzee – which investigate on this mechanism from within, highlighting its ideological implications and its tragic potential.

  17. 3. THE NATIONAL ACADEMIC UNCONSCIOUS IN QUESTION. HISTORY OF CONCEPTS, HISTORICAL SEMANTICS, CRITICAL SOCIOLOGY OF LEXICAL USAGE WITHIN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Olivier Christin

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available A few years ago, together with Franz Schultheis, of the University of Saint-Gallen and coordinator of the social sciences network ESSE, we chose to study the international circulation of the categories and concepts that are in use in European social sciences. With the publication of the Dictionnaire des concepts  nomades (“Dictionary of nomadic concepts”, that includes only a small number of quite lengthy entries, what we tried to propose were not ready-made solutions, or vademecums for the comparative academic, but a series of questions, or rather the means to ask crucial questions for anyone who practises history, political science, history of economic ideas, or comparative sociology. We did so with two considerations in mind: one political, and the other academic, both of which I will evoke in turn in this paper.

  18. Sacred Torrents in Modernity: German Jewish Philosophers and the Legacy of Secularization

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roemer Nils

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available This article investigates the ongoing interaction between the Jewish sacred past and its modern interpreters. Jewish thinkers from the eighteenth century reclaimed these ideals instead of dismissing them. Sacred traditions and modern secular thought existed in their mutual constitutive interdependence and not in opposition. When the optimism in historical progress and faith in reason unraveled in the fin de siècle, it engendered a new critical response by Jewish historians and philosophers of the twentieth century. These critical voices emerged within the fault lines of nineteenth and early twentieth century Jewish anti-historicist responses. What separated twentieth-century Jewish thinkers such as Martin Buber, Franz Rosenzweig, and Gershom Scholem from their nineteenth-century forerunners was not their embrace of religion but their critical stance toward reason and their crumbling faith in historical progress.

  19. MITHRAS REDISCOVERED II. FURTHER NOTES ON CIMRM 1938 AND 1986

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Szabo Csaba

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Recently, an important Mithraic relief was rediscovered and republished by the author of these lines in collaboration with George Bounegru and Victor Sava. The relief, known in the literature as CIMRM 1938 was for a long time considered a „disappeared” monument, the only laconic description being that of Marteen J. Vermaseren from his monumental corpus. Due to the recently rediscovered photographs of the relief and the detailed analysis of the correspondence between Béla Cserni and Franz Cumont, the CIMRM 1938 is now became available for further research. In this article, I will add some further historiographic and iconographic notes on one of the biggest Mithraic reliefs found in Dacia, solving also another mysterious piece in Vermaseren’s catalogue, the CIMRM 1986. The article is also the first publication of Béla Cserni’s photograph about the relief.

  20. Effect of Different Skin Penetration Promoters in Halobetasol Propionate Permeation and Retention in Human Skin

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulina Carvajal-Vidal

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Halobetasol propionate (HB is a potent synthetic corticosteroid used against inflammatory skin diseases, such as dermatitis, eczema, and psoriasis, among others. The aim of this study is to define how the presence of different skin penetration enhancers (nonane, menthone, limonene, azone, carene, decanol, linoleic acid and cetiol affects the penetration and retention in skin of HB. To determine drug penetration through skin, 5% of each promoter was used in an ex vivo system with human skin on Franz cells. The results showed that the highest permeation occurs in the presence of menthone, followed by nonane. Permeation parameters were determined. The in vivo test was assessed, and the formulation containing HB-menthone presented better anti-inflammatory efficacy. These results are useful to generate a specific treatment according to each patient’s needs, and the inflammatory characteristics of the disease.

  1. Quantum theory of the optical and electronic properties of semiconductors

    CERN Document Server

    Haug, Hartmut

    2009-01-01

    This invaluable textbook presents the basic elements needed to understand and research into semiconductor physics. It deals with elementary excitations in bulk and low-dimensional semiconductors, including quantum wells, quantum wires and quantum dots. The basic principles underlying optical nonlinearities are developed, including excitonic and many-body plasma effects. Fundamentals of optical bistability, semiconductor lasers, femtosecond excitation, the optical Stark effect, the semiconductor photon echo, magneto-optic effects, as well as bulk and quantum-confined Franz-Keldysh effects, are covered. The material is presented in sufficient detail for graduate students and researchers with a general background in quantum mechanics.This fifth edition includes an additional chapter on 'Quantum Optical Effects' where the theory of quantum optical effects in semiconductors is detailed. Besides deriving the 'semiconductor luminescence equations' and the expression for the stationary luminescence spectrum, the resu...

  2. A Transdermal Measurement Platform Based on Microfluidics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wen-Ying Huang

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The Franz diffusion cell is one of the most widely used devices to evaluate transdermal drug delivery. However, this static and nonflowing system has some limitations, such as a relatively large solution volume and skin area and the development of gas bubbles during sampling. To overcome these disadvantages, this study provides a proof of concept for miniaturizing models of transdermal delivery by using a microfluidic chip combined with a diffusion cell. The proposed diffusion microchip system requires only 80 μL of sample solution and provides flow circulation. Two model compounds, Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 and potassium ferricyanide, were successfully tested for transdermal delivery experiments. The diffusion rate is high for a high sample concentration or a large membrane pore size. The developed diffusion microchip system, which is feasible, can be applied for transdermal measurement in the future.

  3. High-speed Si/GeSi hetero-structure Electro Absorption Modulator.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mastronardi, L; Banakar, M; Khokhar, A Z; Hattasan, N; Rutirawut, T; Bucio, T Domínguez; Grabska, K M; Littlejohns, C; Bazin, A; Mashanovich, G; Gardes, F Y

    2018-03-19

    The ever-increasing demand for integrated, low power interconnect systems is pushing the bandwidth density of CMOS photonic devices. Taking advantage of the strong Franz-Keldysh effect in the C and L communication bands, electro-absorption modulators in Ge and GeSi are setting a new standard in terms of device footprint and power consumption for next generation photonics interconnect arrays. In this paper, we present a compact, low power electro-absorption modulator (EAM) Si/GeSi hetero-structure based on an 800 nm SOI overlayer with a modulation bandwidth of 56 GHz. The device design and fabrication tolerant process are presented, followed by the measurement analysis. Eye diagram measurements show a dynamic ER of 5.2 dB at a data rate of 56 Gb/s at 1566 nm, and calculated modulator power is 44 fJ/bit.

  4. Enhancement of the thermoelectric figure of merit in a quantum dot due to external ac field

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chen, Qiao, E-mail: cqhy1127@yahoo.com.cn [Department of Maths and Physics, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104 (China); Wang, Zhi-yong, E-mail: wzyong@cqut.edu.cn [School of Optoelectronic Information, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054 (China); Xie, Zhong-Xiang [Department of Mathematics and Physics, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002 (China)

    2013-08-15

    We investigate the figure of merit of a quantum dot (QD) system irradiated with an external microwave filed by nonequilibrium Green's function (NGF) technique. Results show that the frequency of microwave field influence the figure of merit ZT significantly. At low temperature, a sharp peak can be observed in the figure of merit ZT as the frequency of ac field increases. As the frequency varies, several zero points and resonant peaks emerge in the figure of merit ZT. By adjusting the frequency of the microwave field, we can obtain high ZT. The figure of merit ZT increases with the decreasing of linewidth function Γ. In addition, Wiedemann–Franz law does not hold, particularly in the low frequency region due to multi-photon emission and absorption. Some novel thermoelectric properties are also found in two-level QD system.

  5. Comments on "cyclical swings" by Professor Hannah Decker: The underappreciated "solid center" of psychiatry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pies, Ronald W

    2016-02-01

    The history of psychiatry is characterized by some deep ideological and conceptual divisions, as adumbrated in Professor Hannah Decker's essay. However, the schism between "biological" and "psychosocial" models of mental illness and its treatment represents extreme positions among some psychiatrists-not the model propounded by academic psychiatry or its affiliated professional organizations. Indeed, the "biopsycho-social model" (BPSM) developed by Dr. George L. Engel has been, and remains, the foundational model for academic psychiatry, notwithstanding malign market forces that have undermined the BPSM's use in clinical practice. The BPSM is integrally related to "centralizing" and integrative trends in American psychiatry that may be traced to Franz Alexander, Karl Jaspers, and Engel himself, among others. This "Alexandrian-Jaspersian-Engelian" tradition is explored in relation to Professor Decker's "cyclical swing" model of psychiatry's history. (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

  6. Art et géographie dans les représentations modernes du paysage, le cas des Pyrénées

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Saule-Sorbé, Hélène

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available By means of the work of three major authorities on Pyrenean geography, the intention of this communication is to underline the fusion between the sciences and art from the start of the 18th century until the 1870s. First, with Ramond, we see how the scientific method of direct observation is joined to aesthetic principles in landscape painting and how the convergence is widely disseminated by printed reproduction. It is precisely this fusion between theory and practice that Humboldt advocates in his Views of Nature and Cosmos. Secondly a new perspective is born (Violet-le-Duc, 1833 which, anticipating photography, liberates itself of conventions imposed by painting. The shift to this innovative vision is particularly attributable to the singular and brilliant work of Franz Schrader, who not only does not abandon an artistic point of view but rather links science and especially geography to the search for beauty central to Romanticism.

    La comunicación pretende presentar, a través de los trabajos de tres protagonistas del conocimiento geográfico de los Pirineos, las fusiones que se produjeron entre ciencias y arte desde fines del siglo de las Luces hasta los años 1870. En primer lugar, con Ramond, se ve cómo la divulgación impresa de la observación directa se lleva a cabo mediante los principios estéticos de la pintura de paisaje. Es lo mismo que promueve, pone en práctica y teoriza Humboldt en Cuadros de la Naturaleza y Cosmos. Posteriormente, se conforma una nueva mirada (Viollet-le-Duc, 1833 que, alejándose de las convenciones pictóricas, prefigura la futura imagen fotográfica. El paso de este tipo de visión a la instrumentalización de la mirada encontró en Franz Schrader una expresión singular y brillante, sin abandonar un ideal artístico ligado a la búsqueda de la belleza que remite en muchos aspectos al romanticismo. [fr] La communication s’est attaché à présenter, à travers les

  7. Paulo Freire no pensamento decolonial: um olhar pedagógico sobre a teoria pós-colonial latino-americana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Camila Penna

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Resumo  O artigo retoma alguns pontos de convergência entre a obra de Paulo Freire “Pedagogia do Oprimido” (1968 e a perspectiva pós-colonial latino-americana (ou decolonial com vistas a assinalar para o caráter pedagógico que esta tem no campo das ciências sociais. A partir da identificação e discussão de alguns aspectos convergentes na obra de Freire e nos trabalhos de Franz Fanon, Aimé Cesáire, Enrique Dussel, Aníbal Quijano e Walter Mignolo, argumento que o pensamento destes autores pós-coloniais contribui para o ensino no campo das ciências sociais ao propor um novo lugar de fala a partir do paradigma colonialidade-modernidade. Assim como a “Pedagogia do Oprimido” propõe formas de descontruir o mito da estrutura opressora, a perspectiva pós-colonial assinala diferentes estratégias para a desconstrução do mito do eurocentrismo. O artigo aponta algumas dessas estratégias ressaltando sua contribuição pedagógica para um ensino menos colonizado no campo das ciências sociais. Palavras-chave Pós-colonialismo; pedagogia; Paulo Freire; ciências sociais. ---  Abstract  This article observes converging points between Paulo Freire’s “Pedagogia do Oprimido” (1968 and the latin-american post-colonial perspective, pointing to the pedagogical contribution the latter has had in social sciences. Through the identification and discussion of converging aspects in Paulo Freire’s work as well as in Franz Fanon’s, Aimé Cesáire’s, Enrique Dussel’s, Aníbal Quijano’s and Walter Mignolo’s work, I sustain that these authors contribute to the social sciences field when they propose a shift to the modernity-coloniality paradigm. As “Pedagogia do Oprimido” addresses forms of deconstructing the myth of the structure of oppression; the decolonial perspective points to different strategies for deconstructing the Eurocentric myth. This article recovers some of these strategies highlighting its pedagogical

  8. Mikroskopische Studien ueber Gesteine aus den Molukken. 2. Gesteine von Seran. Mit einem französischen Résumé

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Schroeder van der Kolk, J.L.C.

    1899-01-01

    Dans les pages précédentes j’ai décrit quelques uns des nombreux échantillons de roche recueillis par M. Martin pendant son voyage de Séran (Céram). Les types suivants en sont les plus intéressants, les granites à cordiérite, les diorites les péridotites, les andésites à augite, les gneiss, les

  9. Sarajevo 1914: An Examination of the Context by which Austria Hungary Responded to the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-04-01

    disputes. Romania and Serbia were recognized as independent states in this Congress, but the agreement on Bosnia and Herzegovina was a half-way house...Greece, and Romania together against Bulgaria. After fighting, peace was arranged and borders re-drawn without Austro-Hungarian input. Williamson...Monarchy 1848- 1918 . 2 vols. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1950. May, Arthur J. The Hapsburg Monarchy 1867-1914. Harvard University Press

  10. Humanismo, sujeto, modernidad. Sobre la crítica de la razón mítica de Franz Hinkelammert

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Estela Fernández Nadal

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available El trabajo aborda la concepción de la historia y la crítica de la modernidad desarrolladas por F. Hinkelammert, a las que se ubica en la perspectiva desarrollada por (la primera Escuela de Frankfurt, particularmente por Walter Benjamin. En la elaboración de las categorías fundamentales de la reflexion hinkelammertiana sobre la historia, se destaca un primer hito fundamental, constituido por la Crítica de la razón utópica. En esta obra, el autor presenta la aspiración de alcanzar verdaderas metas imposibles, pensadas en términos de instituciones perfectas, a partir de acercamientos progresivos, como una tendencia propia de la racionalidad moderna que debe ser sometida a critica. La Crítica de la razón mítica constituye el segundo hito de ese desarrollo critico, en el cual se retoma la relación entre cristianismo y modernidad a partir del concepto de “secularización”, mostrando sus relaciones de continuidad/ ruptura respecto a los resortes miticos que alientan paradójicamente la razón instrumental Abstract The work approaches the conception of history and the critique of modernity developed by F. Hinkelammert’s, which lies in the perspective developed by the (first Frankfurt School, particularly by Walter Benjamin. In the developing of the fundamental categories of the Hinkelammert reflection on history, highlights a fundamental first landmark, constituted by the Critic of the utopian reason. In this work, the author presents the aspiration to achieve real impossible goals, thought in terms of perfect institutions, from progressive approaches, as an own tendency of the modern rationality that must be subjected to criticism. The Critic of the mythical reason constitutes the second landmark of that critical development, in which retakes the relation between Christianity and modernity from the concept of “secularization”, showing its relations of continuity/rupture in respect to the mythical springs that paradoxically encourage the instrumental reason.

  11. Complexity of clay mineral formation during 120,000 years of soil development along the Franz Josef chronosequence, New Zealand

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dietel, J.; Dohrmann, R.; Guggenberger, G.; Meyer-Stueve, S.; Turner, S.; Schippers, A.; Kaufhold, S.; Butz-Braun, R.; Condron, L.M.; Mikutta, R.

    2017-01-01

    Weathering of primary silicates to secondary clay minerals over time affects multiple soil functions such as the accumulation of organic matter and nutrient cations. However, the extent of clay mineral (trans)formation as a function of soil development is poorly understood. In this study, the degree of weathering of sediments along a 120 kyr soil formation gradient was investigated using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Irrespective of site age, mica and chlorite were the dominant clay minerals. During weathering, a remarkable suite of transitional phases such as vermiculite and several interstratifications with vermiculitic, smectitic, chloritic and micaceous layers developed. The degree of weathering was correlated with soil pH and depletion of K, Ca, Na, Fe and Al, regarding both soil depth and site age. Kaolinite occurred especially at the 120 kyr site, indicating slow formation via transitional phases. The findings of this study revealed that long-term soil development caused complex clay mineral assemblages, both temporally and spatially, and linking this variability to soil functioning warrants further research. (author).

  12. Success of nutrition-therapy interventions in persons with type 2 diabetes: challenges and future directions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Franz MJ

    2018-06-01

    Full Text Available Marion J Franz,1 Janice MacLeod2 1Nutrition Concepts by Franz, Minneapolis, MN, 2Clinical Innovation, WellDoc, Columbia, MD, USA Abstract: A systematic review was conducted by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics to determine the evidence for the effectiveness of individualized nutrition therapy provided by a dietitian nutritionist and evidence-based (EB nutrition-therapy interventions in adults with diabetes. This article briefly reviews the systematic process used and summarizes the effectiveness evidence and intervention recommendations. In persons with type 2 diabetes (T2D, 18 studies met study criteria for the effectiveness question. A 0.3%–2.0% decrease from baseline in glycated hemoglobin was reported at 3 months in 13 study arms, a 0.3%–1.8% decrease at 6 months in 12 study arms, a 0.3%–1.6% decrease at 12 months with ongoing support in six study arms, and a 0.6%–1.8% decrease at >12 months in four study arms. An initial series of encounters with follow-up visits and implementation of a variety of nutrition-therapy interventions, all of which reduced energy intake, were reported. Nutrition therapy also significantly decreased doses or number of glucose-lowering medications used and resulted in improvements in quality of life. Mixed effects on cardiovascular risk factors and body weight were reported. Fourteen questions were identified related to nutrition-therapy interventions. A total of 38 studies met study criteria for the nutrition-intervention questions, from which 30 conclusion statements and 19 nutrition-practice guideline recommendations for T2D were written. Three additional NPG recommendations for T2D were written based on evidence reviewed by the American Diabetes Association. The 22 nutrition-intervention recommendations for T2D are summarized. How to implement nutrition-practice guideline recommendations effectively by health care providers and individuals with T2D remains challenging. Of importance, it is

  13. Coesão discursiva nos Estudos de execução transcendental de Liszt: as últimas sete peças Discourse cohesion in Liszt's Transcendental studies: the last seven pieces

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Bento

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Parece urgente a investigação dos processos de coesão nos Estudos de execução transcendental de Franz Liszt: a emergência de um todo unificado é sugerida já no plano tonal que os coordena. O exame de outros aspectos que pudessem garantir unidade - vinculados aos materiais específicos das composições - constitui o foco do presente trabalho. Seu recorte é o subconjunto formado pelas últimas sete peças do grupo, justificado pelo fato de elas demonstrarem uma afinidade particular, o salto de sexta ascendente antecedido por diferentes formas de ênfase. O fundamento teórico adotado é uma adaptação do conceito de subtematismo de Dahlhaus, que nutre o procedimento metodológico: a abordagem analítica. Os resultados mostram conexões baseadas não apenas em fenômenos harmônicos, mas também na recorrência de materiais flexíveis que sofrem transformações. Com isso, confirma-se a coesão dos recortes e a pertinência dos processos de integração no volume de Liszt.It seems to be urgent the investigation upon the cohesive processes in the Transcendental studies by Franz Liszt: the emergence of a unified whole is already suggested in the tonal plan that coordinates them. The examination of other aspects that could guarantee unity - related to specific materials of the compositions - is this text's main concern. Its focus is the subset formed by the last seven pieces of the group, and that is justified by the fact that they show a particular affiliation, the ascending leap of sixth preceded by different forms of emphasis. The theoretical basis adopted is an adaptation of Dahlhaus' concept of subthematicism, which supports the methodological procedure: the analytical approach. The results show connections based not only on harmonic phenomena, but also on the recurrence of flexible materials that are object of transformations. Hence, it is possible to substantiate the cohesion of the selected pieces and the relevance of the

  14. World-wide sexual compatibility in Medfly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.), and its implications for SIT

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cayol, J.P.

    2000-01-01

    The concept of the sterile insect technique, described by Knipling (1953), to control and/or eradicate insect pest populations has been applied to many Lepidoptera and Diptera species. Among Diptera species, the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is often referred to as the most important agricultural pest in the world (Liquido et al. 1990) and it is also a major target of SIT action programmes world-wide. The use of SIT requires that mass rearing facilities be developed to produce sterile insects for use in national programmes, with mass reared strains being established by colonising wild insects collected from the SIT target area. More recently, with the increasing demand for sterile Medflies and the limited number of production facilities, some rearing facilities began to export Medflies to other national/regional programmes. Eight facilities have now reached production levels which allow them to export sterile insects (Fisher and Caceres 199) on a regional or inter-regional basis. When this procedure is used, the flies released have to compete with wild flies of a different geographic origin. The increasing use of Medfly genetic sexing strains (GSS) has also resulted in the same strain being used in different countries. To date, five rearing facilities in the world produce GSS (Fisher and Caceres 1999). Since GSS are assembled from specific components, it is impossible to 'colonise' them from each country where sterile GSS flies are needed. The GSS are often backcrossed with insects from the target population to increase the genetic variability (Franz et al. 1996), although in some cases this presents problems (Franz, personal communication). In practice, a single wild population is used as a basis for the synthesis of the GSS. Consequently, the same GSS based on the same wild genetic material may be used in various countries/continents and the question was raised concerning the sexual compatibility of these strains with

  15. Resistive and Capacitive Based Sensing Technologies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Winncy Y. Du

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available Resistive and capacitive (RC sensors are the most commonly used sensors. Their applications span homeland security, industry, environment, space, traffic control, home automation, aviation, and medicine. More than 30% of modern sensors are direct or indirect applications of the RC sensing principles. This paper reviews resistive and capacitive sensing technologies. The physical principles of resistive sensors are governed by several important laws and phenomena such as Ohm’s Law, Wiedemann-Franz Law; Photoconductive-, Piezoresistive-, and Thermoresistive Effects. The applications of these principles are presented through a variety of examples including accelerometers, flame detectors, pressure/flow rate sensors, RTDs, hygristors, chemiresistors, and bio-impedance sensors. The capacitive sensors are described through their three configurations: parallel (flat, cylindrical (coaxial, and spherical (concentric. Each configuration is discussed with respect to its geometric structure, function, and application in various sensor designs. Capacitance sensor arrays are also presented in the paper.

  16. Development and optimization of fast dissolving oro-dispersible films of granisetron HCl using Box–Behnken statistical design

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hema Chaudhary

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available The aim was to develop and optimize fast dissolving oro-dispersible films of granisetron hydrochloride (GH by two-factor, three-level Box–Behnken design as the two independent variables such as X1 (polymer and X2 (plasticizer were selected on the basis of the preliminary studies carried out before the experimental design is being implemented. A second-order polynomial equation to construct contour plots for the prediction of responses of the dependent variables such as drug release (Y1, Disintegration time (Y2, and Y3 (Tensile strength was studied. The Response surface plots were drawn, statistical validity of the polynomials was established to find the compositions of optimized formulation which was evaluated using the Franz-type diffusion cell. The designs establish the role of the derived polynomial equation and contour plots in predicting the values of dependent variables for the preparation and optimization.

  17. The listener of the chthonic god sand the barroom player: Adorno’s experience of Schubert

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    Jeremić-Molnar Dragana

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available In this article the author is reconstructing the complex picture of Franz Schubert created by Theodor Adorno in his numerous references to the Viennese composer, but mostly in his 1928 article “Schubert”. In the late 1920s Adorno experienced Schubert as the tragic composer whose music dwells in the realm of chthonic gods, but nevertheless reveals the joy of “traveling folk, jugglers and tricksters”. It remained, however, unclear how this joy could survive in the hellish landscapes of Schubert’s chthonic music. Later, Adorno recognized Schubert, due to his “habitus”, as the barroom player as well, never mentioning “traveling folk, jugglers and tricksters” any more. This two images of Schubert - Schubert as the Listener of the Chthonic Gods and Schubert as the Barroom Player - proved to be an interesting pair, worth of further theoretical elaboration, which Adorno unfortunately never bothered to undertake.

  18. La Nutrición de la Planta y su Problemática en la Agricultura

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nubia Zoraida Plazas

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available HANKE, Franz. (2008: La Nutrición de la Planta y su Problemática en la Agricultura, Tunja: Ed. JDC., ISBN: 978-958-44-4168-3Las plantas son organismo, autótrofos capaces de construir las moléculas orgánicas (azúcar, almidón, lípidos, aminoácidos, proteínas, celulosa, entreotras, a partir de los minerales absorbidos  por las raíces, en forma líquida y por las hojas, en forma gaseosa. esta última se da por el gas carbónico y el oxígeno, al entrar a la planta a través de los estomas, pero también por el agua lluvia que le permite a la planta tomar por las hojas: amoniaco, nitratos o sulfatos; compuestos que ayudan al proceso de alimentación vegetal.

  19. [Asbestos at the time of the First World War].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bianchi, C; Bianchi, T

    2015-11-22

    Between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th numerous asbestos industries began operations in various parts of the world. At the time of the First World War there is ample evidence of the use of this mineral in shipbuilding, the aircraft industry and in the construction industry. In the years 1912-17 the writer Franz Kafka was co-proprietor of a small asbestos factory in Prague. Some of the writer's novels and journal pages were inspired by this experience. In this way asbestos entered into the history of 20th century European literature. In 1917 asbestos extraction was started at the quarry in Balangero, near Turin, Italy. Risks related to the use of asbestos were known at the beginning of the 20th century and legislation aimed at preventing the harmful effects of the mineral were approved in Italy.

  20. Nuclear dawn F. E. Simon and the race for atomic weapons in World War II

    CERN Document Server

    McRae, Kenneth D

    2014-01-01

    This book provides a rounded biography of Franz (later Sir Francis) Simon, his early life in Germany, his move to Oxford in 1933, and his experimental contributions to low temperature physics approximating absolute zero. After 1939 he switched his research to nuclear physics, and is credited with solving the problem of uranium isotope separation by gaseous diffusion for the British nuclear programme Tube Alloys. The volume is distinctive for its inclusion of source materials not available to previous researchers, such as Simon's diary and his correspondence with his wife, and for a fresh, well-informed insider voice on the five-power nuclear rivalry of the war years. The work also draws on a relatively mature nuclear literature to attempt a comparison and evaluation of the five nuclear rivals in wider political and military context, and to identify the factors, or groups of factors, that can explain the results.

  1. Theory of the pairbreaking superconductor-metal transition in nanowires

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Del Maestro, Adrian; Rosenow, Bernd; Sachdev, Subir

    2009-01-01

    We present a detailed description of a zero temperature phase transition between superconducting and diffusive metallic states in very thin wires due to a Cooper pair breaking mechanism. The dissipative critical theory contains current reducing fluctuations in the guise of both quantum and thermally activated phase slips. A full cross-over phase diagram is computed via an expansion in the inverse number of complex components of the superconducting order parameter (one in the physical case). The fluctuation corrections to the electrical (σ) and thermal (κ) conductivities are determined, and we find that σ has a non-monotonic temperature dependence in the metallic phase which may be consistent with recent experimental results on ultra-narrow wires. In the quantum critical regime, the ratio of the thermal to electrical conductivity displays a linear temperature dependence and thus the Wiedemann-Franz law is obeyed, with a new universal experimentally verifiable Lorenz number

  2. Lattice thermal conductivity of YBa2Cu3O7-δ

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cohn, J.L.; Wolf, S.A.; Vanderah, T.A.; Selvamanickam, V.; Salama, K.

    1992-01-01

    We report a systematic study of the ab-plane thermal conductivity (K) on single crystal and liquid-phase processed (LPP) specimens of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ (δ≤0.16) in the temperature range 10 K ≤ T ≤ 300 K. From measurements of electrical conductivity on the same specimens and application of the Wiedemann-Franz law we estimate the relative contributions to the heat conduction from the carriers and the lattice. The normal-state phonon scattering mechanisms are quantified by calculations which employ the conventional theory of lattice heat conduction by longitudinal acoustic phonons. Differences in the magnitude and temperature dependence of K for the LPP and crystal specimens are accounted for by differences in the relative weight of phonon-defect, phonon-carrier, and phonon-phonon scattering. For all specimens phonon-defect scattering predominates throughout most of the temperature range. (orig.)

  3. Propos sur les troubles dits “psychosomatiques”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pascal-Henri Keller

    Full Text Available L’auteur présente ici une réflexion épistémologique concernant la médecine dite “psychosomatique”. Le premier constat est celui de la disparition d’un enseignement en psychosomatique à l’institut de Chicago où il a été fondé par Franz Alexander. Le second constat est la persistance de l’utilisation du terme “facteur psychique”, et “médecine psychosomatique” alors que leur contenu, d’un point de vue scientifique, n’a toujours pas été défini. L’étonnement que provoque cette situation est abordé à partir de la démarche de Karl Popper. Les enjeux qui sont discutés dans ce contexte, sont ceux d’un changement de paradigme psychosomatique, en accord avec les nouvelles données de la méthode clinique.

  4. Clement Greenberg e la Halakah del Modernismo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Camilla Froio

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available The understanding of the meaning of Jewish identity in Clement Greenberg's work follows the deep relationship between the conception of Modernism and the interpretation of Franz Kafka's short story The Great Wall of China. Greenberg, whose role as one of the first american popularizers of Kafka's narratives has been relevant, ascribes to the bohemian author an halachic reasoning closely related to his jewish origins. This strictly firm and normative mindset finds resemblances in Greenberg's modernist theory and critical practice, which, according to Susan Noyes-Platt's study, could be interpreted as a derivation, in many aspects, of his Jewish origins and, particularly, as the critic's need to preserve his intellectual thinking from the nazi-fascist advance. Moreover, the article proposes to interpret Greenberg's purism as a form of messianism, that is a faith in a future, but indefinitely belated, absolute purification of the medium.

  5. Tularemia vaccine development: paralysis or progress?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sunagar R

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Raju Sunagar, Sudeep Kumar, Brian J Franz, Edmund J Gosselin Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA Abstract: Francisella tularensis (Ft is a gram-negative intercellular pathogen and category A biothreat agent. However, despite 15 years of strong government investment and intense research focused on the development of a US Food and Drug Administration-approved vaccine against Ft, the primary goal remains elusive. This article reviews research efforts focused on developing an Ft vaccine, as well as a number of important factors, some only recently recognized as such, which can significantly impact the development and evaluation of Ft vaccine efficacy. Finally, an assessment is provided as to whether a US Food and Drug Administration-approved Ft vaccine is likely to be forthcoming and the potential means by which this might be achieved. Keywords: Sex bias, media impact, differential protection, cellular immunity, humoral immunity

  6. Thermal conductivity of nanoscale thin nickel films

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    YUAN Shiping; JIANG Peixue

    2005-01-01

    The inhomogeneous non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) scheme is applied to model phonon heat conduction in thin nickel films. The electronic contribution to the thermal conductivity of the film is deduced from the electrical conductivity through the use of the Wiedemann-Franz law. At the average temperature of T = 300 K, which is lower than the Debye temperature ()D = 450 K,the results show that in a film thickness range of about 1-11 nm, the calculated cross-plane thermal conductivity decreases almost linearly with the decreasing film thickness, exhibiting a remarkable reduction compared with the bulk value. The electrical and thermal conductivities are anisotropic in thin nickel films for the thickness under about 10 nm. The phonon mean free path is estimated and the size effect on the thermal conductivity is attributed to the reduction of the phonon mean free path according to the kinetic theory.

  7. Looking for Oriental fundamentals Fuzzy Logic

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angel Garrido

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available For quite some time we have been trying to trace the river of Non-ClassicalLogics, and especially, Fuzzy Logic, trying to find the sources of this today flowing quite mighty river. Following from Lotfi A. Zadeh, we have traced his inspiring, the Polish logician Jan Lukasiewicz, who in turn was inspired by Aristotle's Peri Hermeneias (De Interpretatione. Also, Lukasiewicz occupies a central position in the Lvov-Warsaw School, who founded Kazimierz Twardowski, a student of Franz Brentano, and this in turn disciple of Bernard Bolzano. The connection with Leibniz and Bolzano come through medieval scholastic thinkers, especially John Duns Scotus and William of Ockham and the problem of future contingents, they had collected from the Aristotelian tradition. But there was to trace the “eastern (oriental track, which leads to the ancient Chinese and Indian philosophy. Here we will treat it as a first and necessary approach.

  8. Dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone-based microneedle systems for in-vitro delivery of sumatriptan succinate.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ronnander, P; Simon, L; Spilgies, H; Koch, A; Scherr, S

    2018-03-01

    In-vitro permeation studies were conducted to assess the feasibility of fabricating dissolving-microneedle-array systems to release sumatriptan succinate. The formulations consisted mainly of the encapsulated active ingredient and a water-soluble biologically compatible polymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Tests with Franz-type diffusion cells and Göttingen minipig skins showed an increase of the transdermal flux compared to passive diffusion. A preparation, containing 30% by mass of PVP and 8.7mg sumatriptan, produced a delivery rate of 395±31μg/cm 2 h over a 7-hour period after a negligible lag time of approximately 39min. Theoretically, a 10.7cm 2 microneedle-array patch loaded with 118.8mg of the drug would provide the required plasma concentration, 72ng/mL, for nearly 7h. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  9. Laser-induced thermal coagulation enhances skin uptake of topically applied compounds

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Haak, C S; Hannibal, J; Paasch, U

    2017-01-01

    microchannels surrounded by CZ compared to channels with no CZ (CZ-20 and CZ-80>CZ-0).The thickness of CZ affected PEG distribution in skin. A thin CZ-20 favored significantly higher mean fluorescence intensities inside CZ areas compared to CZ-80 (PEG 350, 1,000, and 5,000; P ...BACKGROUND: Ablative fractional laser (AFL) generates microchannels in skin surrounded by a zone of thermally altered tissue, termed the coagulation zone (CZ). The thickness of CZ varies according to applied wavelength and laser settings. It is well-known that AFL channels facilitate uptake...... of topically applied compounds, but the importance of CZ is unknown. METHODS: Franz Cells were used to investigate skin uptake and permeation of fluorescent labeled polyethylene glycols (PEGs) with mean molecular weights (MW) of 350, 1,000, and 5,000 Da. Microchannels with CZ thicknesses ranging from 0 to 80...

  10. Electrical and thermal transport in the quasiatomic limit of coupled Luttinger liquids

    Science.gov (United States)

    Szasz, Aaron; Ilan, Roni; Moore, Joel E.

    2017-02-01

    We introduce a new model for quasi-one-dimensional materials, motivated by intriguing but not yet well-understood experiments that have shown two-dimensional polymer films to be promising materials for thermoelectric devices. We consider a two-dimensional material consisting of many one-dimensional systems, each treated as a Luttinger liquid, with weak (incoherent) coupling between them. This approximation of strong interactions within each one-dimensional chain and weak coupling between them is the "quasiatomic limit." We find integral expressions for the (interchain) transport coefficients, including the electrical and thermal conductivities and the thermopower, and we extract their power law dependencies on temperature. Luttinger liquid physics is manifested in a violation of the Wiedemann-Franz law; the Lorenz number is larger than the Fermi liquid value by a factor between γ2 and γ4, where γ ≥1 is a measure of the electron-electron interaction strength in the system.

  11. Provincialism within limits?

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hesselager, Jens

    2015-01-01

    of cosmopolitanism and provincialism in relation to music is developed with reference to Franz Liszt, who in the context of this article comes to function as a sort of ‘cosmopolitan’ mirror image of the ‘provincial’ Danish composer, Henrik Rung (1807-1871). Rung’s work Slaget ved Fredericia (1850) – a piece...... of nationalist political propaganda, in effect – is analysed, and it is suggested that while it is certainly suffused with patriotic rhetoric (such as the occasion demanded), Rung nevertheless at the same time took the opportunity to incorporate a number of significant international musical influences, notably...... from Felicien David’s symphonic ode, Le désert, Meyerbeer’s Les huguenots and from the vocal music of the Italian renaissance. These influences are interpreted as indicative of an international outlook, differing quite markedly from that of his internationally renowned contemporary, Niels W. Gade...

  12. Effects of Sizes and Conformations of Fish-Scale Collagen Peptides on Facial Skin Qualities and Transdermal Penetration Efficiency

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Huey-Jine Chai

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Fish-scale collagen peptides (FSCPs were prepared using a given combination of proteases to hydrolyze tilapia (Oreochromis sp. scales. FSCPs were determined to stimulate fibroblast cells proliferation and procollagen synthesis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The transdermal penetration capabilities of the fractionationed FSCPs were evaluated using the Franz-type diffusion cell model. The heavier FSCPs, 3500 and 4500 Da, showed higher cumulative penetration capability as opposed to the lighter FSCPs, 2000 and 1300 Da. In addition, the heavier seemed to preserve favorable coiled structures comparing to the lighter that presents mainly as linear under confocal scanning laser microscopy. FSCPs, particularly the heavier, were concluded to efficiently penetrate stratum corneum to epidermis and dermis, activate fibroblasts, and accelerate collagen synthesis. The heavier outweighs the lighter in transdermal penetration likely as a result of preserving the given desired structure feature.

  13. Highlights from e-EPS: Cosmic Day / FEL for SuperB / Assessment Assessed

    CERN Multimedia

    Ian Randall, Bénédicte Huchet and EPS

    2012-01-01

    e-EPS News is a monthly addition to the CERN Bulletin line-up, showcasing articles from e-EPS – the European Physical Society newsletter – as part of a collaboration between the two publications.   International Cosmic Day The first International Cosmic Day will be held on 26 September this year. During this event, students and teachers worldwide will come together in research institutions, universities and classrooms to learn about cosmic particle research. The event will celebrate the centenary of Victor Franz Hess’ discovery of cosmic rays – particles which originate in outer space and spread through the whole universe, often at extremely high energies. On the day, students will tackle such questions as: what are cosmic particles? … where do they come from? … and how can they be measured? Participants will be encouraged to undertake their own cosmic particle experiments: analysing and evaluating the...

  14. Good and Bad: Love and Intimacy From Plato to Melanie Klein.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stromberg, David

    2018-06-01

    Melanie Klein's theories on love outline a complex system of relations-an oscillating dynamic of psychical and emotional tendencies following from both actual experience and fantasies produced by the mind. Her insights are often discussed and applied in psychoanalytical contexts, but the philosophical implications of her theory-especially in relation to Platonic thought-have rarely been discussed. In this article, I will attempt to address this gap by setting out some preliminary yet core considerations shared by both Plato and Klein. First, I will describe some structural parallels between Kleinian and Platonic thought, especially in dialectical terms. Second, I will outline Plato's covert influence on Freud as passing through the teachings of philosopher Franz Brentano. And last, I will discuss intimacy as a struggle between the forces of good and bad, creativity and destruction, and love and hate-suggesting that Klein's conception of love emerges as a moral exigency.

  15. Taking an electron-magnon duality shortcut from electron to magnon transport

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mook, Alexander; Göbel, Börge; Henk, Jürgen; Mertig, Ingrid

    2018-04-01

    The quasiparticles in insulating magnets are the charge-neutral magnons, whose magnetic moments couple to electromagnetic fields. For collinear easy-axis magnets, this coupling can be mapped elegantly onto the scenario of charged particles in electromagnetic fields. From this mapping we obtain equations of motion for magnon wave packets equal to those of electron wave packets in metals. Thus, well-established electronic transport phenomena can be carried over to magnons: this duality shortcut facilitates the discussion of magnon transport. We identify the magnon versions of normal and anomalous Hall, Nernst, Ettingshausen, and Righi-Leduc effects. They are discussed for selected types of easy-axis magnets: ferromagnets, antiferromagnets, and ferrimagnets. Besides a magnon Wiedemann-Franz law and the magnon counterpart of the negative magnetoresistance of electrons in Weyl semimetals, we predict that certain low-symmetry ferrimagnets exhibit a nonlinear version of the anomalous magnon Hall-effect family.

  16. Arendt og Kafka

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Holm, Isak Winkel

    2011-01-01

    Franz Kafka experienced a legal and political vacuum opening up in the middle of civilized Europe, Hannah Arendt saw it as culminating in the death camps. In this sinister historical situation both authors were not so much interested in the question of specific rights as in the more fundamental...... question of the right to have rights -- to use Arendt's famous formula. This essay explores the intricate relationship between Kafka's and Arendt's analyses of the "calamity of the rightless". On the one hand, Kafka's literary diagnosis of rightlessness will be reconstructed through a reading of his story...... "The Metamorphosis"; on the other hand, Arendt's philosophical portrait of the rightless refugee will be developed in a discussion of her early Kafka essays and, first of all, of her Origins of Totalitarianism. The contention is that Arendt's notion of the right to have rights and, hence, her reading...

  17. Art history in the university: Toelken – Hotho – Kugler

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eric Garberson

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available This essay offers a contextual reading of the extensive but little studied documentation for the education and subsequent university careers of E. H. Toelken (1785-1864, Gustav Heinrich Hotho (1802-1873 and Franz Kugler (1808-1858, three of the earliest art historians to earn doctoral degrees. Spanning about three decades, from 1804 to 1833, their training occurred during a period of rapid disciplinary specialization within the university. Examination of that training, and the teaching careers built on it, contributes to the larger investigation of how existing university structures and procedures accommodated but also informed emerging disciplines in early nineteenth-century Germany. The essay sets out the relevant academic policies and procedures and gives an overview of those trained and appointed in the historical study of art in Berlin between 1810 and 1840. Documents for Toelken and Kugler are then presented through narrative case histories.

  18. Tables for 'Art history in the university: Toelken – Hotho – Kugler'

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eric Garberson

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available This essay offers a contextual reading of the extensive but little studied documentation for the education and subsequent university careers of E. H. Toelken (1785-1864, Gustav Heinrich Hotho (1802-1873 and Franz Kugler (1808-1858, three of the earliest art historians to earn doctoral degrees. Spanning about three decades, from 1804 to 1833, their training occurred during a period of rapid disciplinary specialization within the university. Examination of that training, and the teaching careers built on it, contributes to the larger investigation of how existing university structures and procedures accommodated but also informed emerging disciplines in early nineteenth-century Germany. The essay sets out the relevant academic policies and procedures and gives an overview of those trained and appointed in the historical study of art in Berlin between 1810 and 1840. Documents for Toelken and Kugler are then presented through narrative case histories.

  19. Contributions at the DGMK conference ''conversion of biomass''. Conference report; Beitraege zur DGMK-Fachbereichstagung ''Konversion von Biomassen''. Tagungsbericht

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2012-07-01

    Within the DGMK conference from 19th to 21st March 2012 in Rotenburg a.d. Fulda (Federal Republic of Germany), the following lectures were held: (1) Biorefineries in the context of the considerations on a future bio economy (K. Wagemann); (2) Characterisation of ethylene glycol - pyrolysis coke slurries, the model fuel of bioliq {sup registered} gasifier (T. Nicoleit); (3) Additional gas generation from fermentation residues amounting to 25 % of the balanced yield of biogas due to the energy content (T. Lehmann); (4) Production of phenols from lignin by means of flash pyrolysis in a circulating fluidised bed - process development and product analytics (M. Franck); (5) Impact of the conditions of torrefication on the temporal decrease in mass of single particles of biomass (A. Becker); (6) Lignins to Aromatic compounds. The Base catalysed degradation in continuous reactors - a tentative review (D. Schmiedl); (7) Thermogravimetric investigations of the pyrolytic degradation of different residues of biomass (G. Pena Chipatecua); (8) Field test campaign for SOFC units with gasification product gas as a preliminary for the SOFC based cogeneration (S. Martini); (9) One-zone-model for pour reactors of industrial size (U. Hellwig); (10) On the actual state of the thermochemical gasification of biomass in Germany at the beginning of 2012 (D. Braekow); (11) Production of green hydrogen based on syngas from biomass gasification (H. Tautz); (12) The BioSyn process - biomass gasification for the generation of syngas free of tar (L. Rochlitz); (13) Efficiency and framework conditions of AER biomass gasification (J. Breilochs); (14) Processing and cleaning of syngas from biomass (S. Vodegel); (15) Processing of product gas from gasification of biomass by means of heat extraction with hot gas cooler with integrated structure pipes and tar extraction with quenching and wet electro filter (C. Hamel); (16) Comparing tests of catalyst for reforming tar and methane in product gases

  20. The way I understood it, it wasn’t meant to be understood – when 6th grade reads Franz Kafka

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Johansen, Martin Blok

    2017-01-01

    In recent years, literacy problematics and different concepts (Cooperative Learning, Learning Styles) have taken up much of the school’s literature teaching. It has pushed discussions of the professional content into the background. This article takes up the content discussion for renewed debate......, but now also with the aim of discussing the literary texts one can present to children in school. The research questions posed are: Which texts can justifiably be presented to children as part of teaching in school? What will happen if 10 to 12-year-old Danish school pupils are presented with classical...... starting point in three concepts rooted in theory, i.e. unpredictability, defamiliarization and entitlement, which are subsequently used to get to grips with the empirical part of the study. The article does not attempt to depict a hard-and-fast picture of all children being equally enthusiastic about...

  1. Ein Mythos wird besichtigt. Le deuxième sexe von Simone de Beauvoir unter dem Mikroskop der Genderforschung

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lieselotte Steinbrügge

    2005-11-01

    Full Text Available Aus Anlass des 50jährigen Jubiläums der Erstausgabe von Das andere Geschlecht haben namhafte Wissenschaftlerinnen aus den Gebieten Philosophie, Biologie, Soziologie, Psychoanalyse, Geschichte und Literatur das fast tausendseitige Standardwerk des Feminismus einer akribischen Lektüre unterzogen und dabei versucht, jene Fragen zu rekonstruieren, auf die das Werk bei seinem Erscheinen im Jahr 1949 eine Antwort gab. Die zeitlos scheinende Formel von der Konstruiertheit weiblicher Identität sollte wieder in ihren ursprünglichen Entstehungszusammenhang gestellt, die Autorin aus der mythischen Ferne in die kritische Nähe gerückt werden. Diese kritischen Lektüren sind insgesamt gut dokumentiert und erlauben meines Wissens zum ersten Mal einen Einblick in die Beauvoirsche Werkstatt. Ein weiterer – ebenfalls von Ingrid Galster herausgegebener – Band dokumentiert die Reaktionen, die unmittelbar nach Erscheinen von Le deuxième sexe in der französischen Presse erschienen sind.

  2. Cine club

    CERN Multimedia

    Cine club

    2016-01-01

    Wednesday 16 March 2016 at 20:00 CERN Council Chamber The Tragedy of Man (Ember Tragédiája) Directed by Marcell Jankovics Hungary, 2011, 160 minutes The Tragedy of Man is a 2011 Hungarian animated drama film directed by Marcell Jankovics. The narrative is set in several different eras, spanning from the Biblical creation to a distant future, and follows Adam, Eve and Lucifer as they explore humanity and the meaning of life. Each segment has a different visual style. The film is based on the 1861 play The Tragedy of Man by Imre Madách. Original version Hungarian ; English subtitles Wednesday 23 March 2016 at 20:00 CERN Council Chamber Dreams of Love - Liszt (Szerelmi álmok – Liszt) Directed by Márton Keleti Hungary/Soviet Union, 1970, 140 minutes This film is a Hungarian-Soviet epic musical / drama produced and directed by Márton Keleti, based on the biography of the Hungarian composer and pianist Franz Liszt.  While it w...

  3. Release study of diclofenac from new carbomer gels.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bregni, Carlos; Chiappetta, Diego; Faiden, Natalia; Carlucci, Adriana; García, Roberto; Pasquali, Ricardoc

    2008-01-01

    Carbopol gels were prepared using a traditional polymer with mucoadhesive properties (974P). A new Carbomer derivative Ultrez 21 was also evaluated. Mineral oil, as occlusive ingredient, glycerol as humectant and ethanol were included in all the compositions. The feasibility of preparing these formulations with or without a bioadhesive polymer (Polycarbophil AA-1) and a second oil phase with enhancer activity (Miglyol 840) was evaluated. Further characterization including physical stability during a year was carried out. In vitro release behaviour of diclofenac sodium in Franz diffusion cell was evaluated with some selected formulations using an ethanol-water (50% w/w) solution as receptor medium. Addition of Polycarbophil AA-1 increased formulation viscosity and decreased drug release. These types of topical dosage forms could give sustained delivery of drug onto the skin, could tolerate the incorporation of an enhancer, a humectant and an occlusive phase, so they are interesting promises to improve skin absorption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and to prevent side effects associated.

  4. Experimental performance of an E×B chopper system

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. Wiesner

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available Beam operation of a novel E×B chopper system has started in the low-energy beam transport (LEBT section of the accelerator-driven neutron source FRANZ. The chopper is designed for low-energy high-perveance beams and high repetition rates, and will finally operate with 120 keV protons. It combines a static magnetic deflection field with a pulsed electric compensation field in a Wien filter-type E×B configuration. The chopper was designed, manufactured and successfully commissioned at the required repetition rate of 257 kHz using a 14 keV helium beam with up to 3.5 mA of beam current. Beam pulses with rise times of (120±10  ns, flat-top lengths of (85±10  ns to (120±10  ns and full width at half maximum (FWHM between (295±10  ns and (370±10  ns were experimentally achieved.

  5. "Brücke dreht sich um!". A Deconstructionist Reading of Kafka's "Die Brücke"

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eva Hoffmann

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Franz Kafka's (1883-1924 "Die Brücke" is one of the less well-known texts by one of the most prolific authors of literary modernity. However, this short prose text embodies prevalent questions of literary modernity and philosophy as it reflects the crisis of language in regard of identity, communication, and literary production. Placed in the context of fin-de-siècle's discourse of language crisis, this article provides a dialogue between Kafka's "Die Brücke" and Hannah Arendt's (1906-1975 philosophy of thinking and speaking in The Life of the Mind. Contrary to Arendt's understanding of the metaphor as "a carrying over" between the mental activities of the solitude thinker and a reconciliation with the pluralistic world shared with others, this article argues for a deconstructionist reading of "Die Brücke" as a tool to reevaluate Arendt's notion of a shared human experience ensured through language and illustrates the advantages of poetic texts within philosophical discourses.

  6. ANTHROPOLOGY AT WAR: ROBERT H. LOWIE AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE CULTURE CONCEPT, 1904 to 1954.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bargheer, Stefan

    2017-03-01

    The concept of culture used in American anthropology has fundamentally transformed throughout the first half of the twentieth century. The changing resonance of the work of Robert H. Lowie offers revealing insights into this development. Lowie was part of the first generation of students of Franz Boas that highlighted the importance of individual variation for the study of both primitive and civilized societies. Yet, its initial resonance notwithstanding, the culture concept that prevailed in the discipline went into a different direction as the result of anthropologists' involvement in the war effort. It was advanced by the second generation of Boas' students such as Ruth Benedict and Margaret Mead, who stressed the homogeneity of cultures. The contrast highlights the diversity of approaches available within anthropology in the first half of the century and the crucial impact of World War II in determining which of these possibilities became institutionalized in the decades after the war. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  7. Inkjet printing of insulin microneedles for transdermal delivery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ross, Steven; Scoutaris, Nicolaos; Lamprou, Dimitrios; Mallinson, David; Douroumis, Dennis

    2015-08-01

    Inkjet printing technology was used to apply insulin polymeric layers on metal microneedles for transdermal delivery. A range of various polymers such as gelatin (GLN), polyvinyl caprolactame-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol (SOL), poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (POX) and trehalose (THL) were assessed for their capacity to form thin uniform and homogeneous layers that preserve insulin intact. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed homogeneous insulin-polymer layers without any phase separation while SOL demonstrated the best performance. Circular discroism (CD) analysis of rehydrated films showed that insulin's alpha helices and β-sheet were well preserved for THL and SOL. In contrast, GLN and POX insulin layers revealed small band shifts indicating possible conformational changes. Insulin release in Franz diffusion cells from MNs inserted into porcine skin showed rapid release rates for POX and GLN within the first 20 min. Inkjet printing was proved an effective approach for transdermal delivery of insulin in solid state.

  8. Interior and exterior resonances in acoustic scattering. pt. 1 - spherical targets

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gaunaurd, G.C.; Tanglis, E.; Uberall, H.; Brill, D.

    1983-01-01

    In acoustic scattering from elastic objects, resonance features appear in the returned echo at frequencies at which the object's eigenfrequencies are located, which are explained by the excitation of 'interior' creeping waves. Corresponding resonance terms may be split off from the total scattering amplitude, leaving behind an apparently nonresonant background amplitude. This is demonstrated here for scatterers of spherical geometry and in a companion paper also for scatterers of arbitrary geometry, by using the T-matrix approach. For the case of near-impenetrable spheres, it is subsequently shown that the background amplitude can be split further into specularly reflected contributions, plus highly attenuated resonance terms which are explained by the excitation of 'exterior' (Franz-type) creeping waves. The singularity structure of the scattering function is shown mathematically, by using the R-matrix approach of the nuclear-scattering theory, as that of a meromorphic function 'without' any additional 'entire function' (as had been postulated by the singularity expansion method)

  9. Effect of In Vitro Transcorneal Approach of Aceclofenac Eye Drops through Excised Goat, Sheep, and Buffalo Corneas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vivek Dave

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available The current study involves the evaluation of factors that influence the transcorneal permeation of aqueous drops of aceclofenac ophthalmic formulation through freshly excised goat, sheep, and buffalo corneas. Aceclofenac formulation with different concentrations 0.1–0.5% (w/v and with different pH and different preservatives, was taken into account. The amount of drug permeated from different formulations was estimated using an Franz diffusion cell. A linear increase in drug permeation was observed with increase in pH (5.5 to 7.4. The apparent permeability coefficient was found to be maximum 15.01±0.45 on goat cornea and maximum transport of aceclofenac was observed at physiological pH of tears (i.e., 7. The results advocate that aceclofenac 0.5% (w/v ophthalmic solution (pH 7.0 containing BAK (0.01% provides maximum in vitro ocular permeability through goat, sheep, and buffalo corneas.

  10. The call and the response. Martin Heidegger and Martin Buber on responsibility

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Artur JEWUŁA

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available The philosophy of subjectivity reached its limits at the beginning of the 20th century. Various attempts at new thinking appears as a reaction to these limits. Such attempts involve, among others, the philosophy of dialogue that was represented in the works of Franz Rosenzweig, Martin Buber, and Eberhard Grisebach. Another approach includes Martin Heidegger’s demand for returning to the question of Being. In this article I intend to present that both attempts are similar in many ways, although their representatives tended to be critical of one another. However, the thought of Martin Buber as well as Martin Heidegger proves to understand a man as a dynamic being, who faces “the calling”. First, I will analyse the thought of Martin Heidegger as presented in Being and Time, then I describe the thought of Martin Buber mainly based on his treaty I and Thou. Finally, I compare the similarities and differences in the thinking of both philosophers.

  11. Entretiens avec Tanguy Viel

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Stephan Nowotnick

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Ausgehend vom Thema, zu dem Tanguy Viel im November 2015 an die Bergische Universität Wuppertal eingeladen wurde: "Un auteur français sur les pistes du roman américain", entwickelt der Autor in einem einleitenden Vortrag seine Ideen zur Intertextualität und zur Intermedialität, kommentiert eingehend seine schriftstellerische Entwicklung, die Entfaltung seines narrativen Werkes sowie den eigenen Schreibprozess. In der sich anschließenden Diskussion, in der sich Tanguy Viel mit Fragen aus dem Publikum auseinandersetzt, geht der Autor detailliert auf seine literarische Verpflichtungen, die Ästhetik und metanarrative Dimension seiner Texte und sein Verhältnis zum Leser ein. Auch die Bedeutung des Verlags Editions de Minuit als Sammelbecken einer bestimmten Ausprägung der literarischen Avantgarde in Frankreich wird beleuchtet. In der Summe eignet sich die Wiedergabe dieser "rencontre littéraire" sehr gut, um sich ein authentisches Bild von dem literarischen Selbstverständnis eines bedeutenden Autors der französischen Gegenwartsliteratur zu machen.

  12. [Medical history as an academic subject at the Bamberg University].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Locher, W

    2000-01-01

    A full program of medicine was taught at the Catholic University of Bamberg (founded 1648 as the Academia Ottonia) from 1773 through 1803. Within this period of time, the History of Medicine was taught from 1790 through 1795 by Johann Baptist Dominicus Fin(c)k. This paper elucidates how in this instance protestant universities served as models for catholic universities. Interestingly, it was not the medical faculty itself which developed an interest in teaching medical history. Rather, it was Adalbert Friedrich Marcus (1753-1816), physician-in-waiting of the Prince-Bishop Franz Ludwig von Erthal and medical officer in the principality of Bamberg since June 22, 1790, who was charged by the Prince-Bishop with developing guidelines for medical education. The start of the History of Medicine lectures brought with it a heated dispute about an appropriate textbook. The discussion is evidence of a transition from historiography understood as an account of learned doctors of the past to a study of history in a modern sense.

  13. Solid lipid nanoparticles suspension versus commercial solutions for dermal delivery of minoxidil.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Padois, Karine; Cantiéni, Céline; Bertholle, Valérie; Bardel, Claire; Pirot, Fabrice; Falson, Françoise

    2011-09-15

    Solid lipid nanoparticles have been reported as possible carrier for skin drug delivery. Solid lipid nanoparticles are produced from biocompatible and biodegradable lipids. Solid lipid nanoparticles made of semi-synthetic triglycerides stabilized with a mixture of polysorbate and sorbitan oleate were loaded with 5% of minoxidil. The prepared systems were characterized for particle size, pH and drug content. Ex vivo skin penetration studies were performed using Franz-type glass diffusion cells and pig ear skin. Ex vivo skin corrosion studies were realized with a method derived from the Corrositex(®) test. Solid lipid nanoparticles suspensions were compared to commercial solutions in terms of skin penetration and skin corrosion. Solid lipid nanoparticles suspensions have been shown as efficient as commercial solutions for skin penetration; and were non-corrosive while commercial solutions presented a corrosive potential. Solid lipid nanoparticles suspensions would constitute a promising formulation for hair loss treatment. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  14. Scientific Psychology in the 18th Century: A Historical Rediscovery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schwarz, Katharina A; Pfister, Roland

    2016-05-01

    As early as 1783, the almost forgotten philosopher, metaphysicist, and psychologist Ferdinand Ueberwasser (1752-1812) designated himself "Professor für empirische Psychologie und Logik" (professor of empirical psychology and logic) at the University of Münster, Germany. His position was initiated and supported by the minister and educational reformer Franz von Fürstenberg (1729-1810), who considered psychology a core scientific discipline that should be taught at each school and university. At the end of the 18th century, then, psychology seems to have been on the verge of becoming an independent academic discipline, about 100 years before Wilhelm Wundt founded the discipline's first official laboratory. It seems surprising that Ueberwasser's writings-including a seminal textbook on empirical psychology-have been almost entirely overlooked in most historical accounts. We focus on this important founding moment of psychological science and on the circumstances that eventually brought this seminal development to a halt. © The Author(s) 2016.

  15. Mluvím, a tedy jsem // I Speak, Therefore I Am

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marie Langerová

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available In 1960s Czechoslovakia, experimental poetry became an important part of the conceptual turnaround in art. The language in this poetry had its own weight as an object, which, however, lost its function and participated the programs of its own self-destruction. The language of poetry interceded in various fields — the creation of art, new music, sciences. From the end of the 1950s, the poems (‘written by voice’ of Ladislav Novák arose analogously to visual poetry. These unique magnetic tape records were, in the course of the 1960s, put into the international context of vocal poets — Henri Chopin, Ilse and Pierre Garnier, Bernard Heidsieck, Franz Mon, Gerhard Rühm, and so on. This phonetic poetry became part of the search for a universal language of experimental poetry, yet, at the same time opened a new conception of the relationship between poetry and music.

  16. Renewing "That Which Was Almost Lost or Forgotten": The Implications of Old Ethnologies for Present-Day Traditional Ecological Knowledge Among Canada's Pacific Coast Peoples

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dianne C. Newell

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available The pressure on traditional ecological knowledge (TEK to solve socio-economic issues globally begs the question: What is the state of TEK today, given the economic, social, and cultural ruptures it has endured during the past 200 years? The author traces how historical collaborative work between ethnographic pairings of “insiders” and “outsiders” created partnerships between some prominent anthropologists and local Indigenous research collaborators. Indeed, most of the ground-breaking anthropological work of Franz Boas and others concerning Canada’s Pacific Northwest coast culture area depended on collaborations with George Hunt and other trained Indigenous field workers. Much of their long-standing fieldwork data collection and writings involved their female relatives and anonymous women’s collaboration, lending an accumulated, but unacknowledged, thoroughness to present-day TEK. Future policy concerning collaboration between non-Indigenous academics and Indigenous communities should take into account the lessons to be learned from these historical practices.

  17. Kafka, Borges, and the creation of consciousness, Part I: Kafka--dark ironies of the "gift" of consciousness.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ogden, Thomas H

    2009-04-01

    The ways in which Franz Kafka and Jorge Luis Borges struggled with the creation of consciousness in their lives and in their literary works are explored in this two-part essay. In Part I, the author juxtaposes a biographical sketch of Kafka with a close reading of his story "A Hunger Artist" (1924), in which a character (whose personality holds much in common with that of Kafka) spends his life in a quasi-delusional state starving himself in public performances. The hunger artist's self-awareness (of having lived a life devoid of the experience of love and mutual recognition) is achieved in the context of an interpersonal experience in which he has, in fact, found/created "the food [he] liked," that is, an experience of loving and being loved, of seeing and being seen, of being aware of and alive to his own imminent death. This fragile, paradoxical state of consciousness is sustained for only a moment before it is attacked, but not entirely destroyed.

  18. Ethnoculturally-profiled care: Dementia caregiving targeted towards Middle Eastern immigrants living in Sweden.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eleonor Antelius

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available This study was set out to explore the understanding of dementia as a culturally and socially shaped illness in order to illuminate such perceptions and experience in relation to ethnoculturally profiled dementia care in Sweden. The results indicate, contrary to many other studies (c.f. Conell et al 2009; Flaskerud 2009; Gray et al 2009; Hinton, Franz & Friend 2004 that the perception of dementia and the described meaning of the disease have little (or nothing to do with decisions regarding formal care. However, cultural norms and traditions in relation to issues of filial piety seem to do. Thus, to understand how different ethnocultural groups might respond to dementia care within a migratory context, the current study illuminate the fact that it is crucial to realize that neither the individual person with dementia, nor larger ethnocultural groups can be placed within a vacuum that seemingly does not change or correlate with surrounding society.

  19. Clay mineral association in the salt formation of the Transylvanian Basin and its paleoenvironmental significance

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nicoleta Bican-Bris̡an

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available The investigated clay fraction was separated from salt samples recovered from three boreholes located in the Praid salt deposit area. For comparison, samples collected from Turda deposit (Franz Josef adit, the Rudolf and Ghizele chambers and from the salt massif from Sărăţel were also analyzed. The qualitative investigations evidenced a clay minerals association dominated by illite and chlorite accompanied by subordinate amounts of kaolinite, smectite, fibrous clays (sepiolite, palygorskite, and in minor amounts, by 14/14 chlorite/vermiculite and chlorite/smectite interstratifications. A quantitative evaluation (% including a standard graphical representation was performed only for the borehole samples (Praid, according to the vertical distribution. The genetical interpretation of the identified clay minerals association took into account the influence of the sedimentation mechanisms and the climate control on the mineral phases. The environment of formation for the salt in the Transylvanian Basin was defined by the presence of specific climatic factors, also suggested by the palynological investigations.

  20. Breves considerações sobre a concepção do objeto de estudo da Psicologia para Wundt e para Brentano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jan Luiz Leonardi

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available O século XIX testemunhou diversas tentativas de constituição de uma Psicologia científica, com o aparecimento de diferentes sistemas psicológicos. Entre eles, destacam-se o de Wilhelm Wundt e o de Franz Brentano. Ambos buscam imputar cientificidade à Psicologia, mas discordam quanto ao ponto de partida para a elaboração de um projeto de Psicologia. Este artigo tem por objetivo introduzir a concepção do objeto de estudo da Psicologia conforme apresentada em suas obras centrais. Wundt defende que o objeto de estudo da Psicologia é a experiência consciente imediata, composta de elementos mentais básicos que podem ser divididos em sensações e sentimentos. Brentano postula que a Psicologia é a ciência dos fenômenos psíquicos, atos mentais que têm direção para objetos cuja existência depende de tais atos

  1. Looking at CERN from a different perspective

    CERN Multimedia

    Jordan Juras

    2011-01-01

    Although the vast majority of students at CERN study and work on projects in the physics, engineering or IT fields, there are some who come to use CERN as a subject to complement their research in other fields. Larissa Kuchina, a graphic design student, and Jérôme Wohlschlag, an architectural student, completed their degrees and their dissertations on unusual aspects of the Laboratory. Both offer valuable perspectives that are not necessarily the ones we usually encounter.   Top: Aerial vue of the CERN site in 1961 (CERN archive). Bottom: Photo of the Master's project model. Recently, Jérôme Wohlschlag featured CERN in his dissertation for his Master’s degree in architecture at the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. Developed with the help of Professor Franz Graf’s TSAM Laboratoire des Techniques et de la Sauveguard de L’Architecture Moderne, Jérôme’s project focuse...

  2. Topological transport from a black hole

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dmitry Melnikov

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available In this paper the low temperature zero-frequency transport in a 2+1-dimensional theory dual to a dyonic black hole is discussed. It is shown that transport exhibits topological features: the transverse electric and heat conductivities satisfy the Wiedemann–Franz law of free electrons; the direct heat conductivity is measured in units of the central charge of CFT2+1, while the direct electric conductivity vanishes; the thermoelectric conductivity is non-zero at vanishing temperature, while the O(T behavior, controlled by the Mott relation, is subleading. Provided that the entropy of the black hole, and the dual system, is non-vanishing at T=0, the observations indicate that the dyonic black hole describes a ħ→0 limit of a highly degenerate topological state, in which the black hole charge measures the density of excited non-abelian quasiparticles. The holographic description gives further evidence that non-abelian nature of quasiparticles can be determined by the low temperature behavior of the thermoelectric transport.

  3. Lipid Nanocapsule-Based Gels for Enhancement of Transdermal Delivery of Ketorolac Tromethamine

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jaleh Varshosaz

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Previous reports show ineffective transdermal delivery of ketorolac by nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs. The aim of the present work was enhancement of transdermal delivery of ketorolac by another colloidal carriers, lipid nanocapsules (LNCs. LNCs were prepared by emulsification with phase transition method and mixed in a Carbomer 934P gel base with oleic acid or propylene glycol as penetration enhancers. Permeation studies were performed by Franz diffusion cell using excised rat abdominal skin. Aerosil-induced rat paw edema model was used to investigate the in vivo performance. LNCs containing polyethylene glycol hydroxyl stearate, lecithin in Labrafac as the oily phase, and dilution of the primary emulsion with 3.5-fold volume of cold water produced the optimized nanoparticles. The 1% Carbomer gel base containing 10% oleic acid loaded with nanoparticles enhanced and prolonged the anti-inflammatory effects of this drug to more than 12 h in Aerosil-induced rat paw edema model.

  4. Naturaleza metodológica y actualidad de las «Disputaciones metafísicas» de Francisco Suárez

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martin GRABMANN

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: Las primera de las conmemoraciones en torno al pensamiento del teólogo y filósofo español Francisco Suárez (1548-1617, que después serán repetidas de forma regular, se produjo en el ámbito académico occidental entorno a la celebración del tercer centenario de su muerte. La universidad de Munich rindió tributo con la publicación del volumen colectivo titulado P. Franz Suarez, S. I. De entre aquellas páginas hemos querido recuperar y adaptar a la lengua castellana el estudio del prestigioso medievalista Martin Grabmann. La referencia a éste entre los especialistas en el pensamiento suareciano es un lugar común a la hora de precisar el carácter sintético y ecléctico de la obra metafísica de Suárez, así como para ilustrar la tesis de la penetración de sus ideas en el ámbito protestante. Es nuestra pretensión que la traducción que aquí presentamos auxilie tanto al historiador, a modo de recordatorio de un valor que generalmente no encuentra asiento en nuestros escritos ni en nuestras aulas, como al especialista, en la justa ponderación de sus rasgos y en especial, de su influencia.ABSTRACT: The first of the conmemorations about the thinking of the spanish theologian and philosopher Francisco Suárez (1548-1617, who later will be repeated of regular, was sucessed in the academic western area into around the celebration of the third centenary of his disappearance. The University of Munich, had shown tribute, printing the collective book called P. Franz Suárez, S. I. The reference to this study between the learners of Suárez is a common place at the moment of specifying the synthetic and eclectic character, of the Suárez’ metaphysical work, as well as reinforcement to the thesis of his fret in the Protestant area of the ideas. It is our pretension that the translation that we present helps so much the historian, as followup of a value that generally finds seat neither in our writings or in our lectures rooms, and

  5. The Reidemeister torsion of 3-manifolds

    CERN Document Server

    Nicolaescu, Liviu I

    2003-01-01

    This is a state-of-the-art introduction to the work of Franz Reidemeister, Meng Taubes, Turaev, and the author on the concept of torsion and its generalizations. Torsion is the oldest topological (but not with respect to homotopy) invariant that in its almost eight decades of existence has been at the center of many important and surprising discoveries. During the past decade, in the work of Vladimir Turaev, new points of view have emerged, which turned out to be the "right ones" as far as gauge theory is concerned. The book features mostly the new aspects of this venerable concept. The theoretical foundations of this subject are presented in a style accessible to those, who wish to learn and understand the main ideas of the theory. Particular emphasis is upon the many and rather diverse concrete examples and techniques which capture the subleties of the theory better than any abstract general result. Many of these examples and techniques never appeared in print before, and their choice is often justified by ...

  6. Theory of thermal conductivity in the disordered electron liquid

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schwiete, G.; Finkel’stein, A. M.

    2016-01-01

    We study thermal conductivity in the disordered two-dimensional electron liquid in the presence of long-range Coulomb interactions. We describe a microscopic analysis of the problem using the partition function defined on the Keldysh contour as a starting point. We extend the renormalization group (RG) analysis developed for thermal transport in the disordered Fermi liquid and include scattering processes induced by the long-range Coulomb interaction in the sub-temperature energy range. For the thermal conductivity, unlike for the electrical conductivity, these scattering processes yield a logarithmic correction that may compete with the RG corrections. The interest in this correction arises from the fact that it violates the Wiedemann–Franz law. We checked that the sub-temperature correction to the thermal conductivity is not modified either by the inclusion of Fermi liquid interaction amplitudes or as a result of the RG flow. We therefore expect that the answer obtained for this correction is final. We use the theory to describe thermal transport on the metallic side of the metal–insulator transition in Si MOSFETs.

  7. Commemorating John Dyson

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pittard, Julian M.

    2015-03-01

    John Dyson was born on the 7th January 1941 in Meltham Mills, West Yorkshire, England, and later grew up in Harrogate and Leeds. The proudest moment of John's early life was meeting Freddie Trueman, who became one of the greatest fast bowlers of English cricket. John used a state scholarship to study at Kings College London, after hearing a radio lecture by D. M. McKay. He received a first class BSc Special Honours Degree in Physics in 1962, and began a Ph.D. at the University of Manchester Department of Astronomy after being attracted to astronomy by an article of Zdenek Kopal in the semi-popular journal New Scientist. John soon started work with Franz Kahn, and studied the possibility that the broad emission lines seen from the Orion Nebula were due to flows driven by the photoevaporation of neutral globules embedded in a HII region. John's thesis was entitled ``The Age and Dynamics of the Orion Nebula`` and he passed his oral examination on 28th February 1966.

  8. DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A BIOCOMPATIBLE PHYSICAL HYDROGEL BASED ON SCLEROGLUCAN FOR TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Paolicelli, Patrizia; Varani, Gabriele; Pacelli, Settimio; Ogliani, Elisa; Nardoni, Martina; Petralito, Stefania; Adrover, Alessandra; Casadei, Maria Antonietta

    2017-10-15

    Physical hydrogels of a high-carboxymethylated derivative of scleroglucan (Scl-CM 300 ) were investigated as potential systems for topical drug delivery using three different therapeutic molecules (fluconazole, diclofenac and betamethasone). Rheological tests were carried out on drug-loaded hydrogels along with in-vitro release studies in a vertical Franz cell, in order to investigate if and how different drugs may influence the rheological and release properties of Scl-CM 300 hydrogels. Experimental results and theoretical modeling highlighted that, in the absence of drug/polymer interactions (as for fluconazole and betamethasone) Scl-CM 300 matrices offer negligible resistance to drug diffusion and a Fickian transport model can be adopted to estimate the effective diffusion coefficient in the swollen hydrogel. The presence of weak drug/hydrogel chemical bonds (as for diclofenac), confirmed by frequency sweep tests, slow down the drug release kinetics and a non-Fickian two-phase transport model has to be adopted. In-vivo experiments on rabbits evidenced optimal skin tolerability of Scl-CM 300 hydrogels after topical application. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. High-field thermal transports properties of REBCO coated conductors

    CERN Document Server

    Bonura, M

    2015-01-01

    The use of REBCO coated conductors is envisaged for many applications, extending from power cables to high-field magnets. Whatever the case, thermal properties of REBCO tapes play a key role for the stability of superconducting devices. In this work, we present the first study on the longitudinal thermal conductivity (k) of REBCO coated conductors in magnetic fields up to 19 T applied both parallelly and perpendicularly to the thermal-current direction. Copper-stabilized tapes from six industrial manufacturers have been investigated. We show that zero-field k of coated conductors can be calculated with an accuracy of ‡ 15% from the residual resistivity ratio of the stabilizer and the Cu/non-Cu ratio. Measurements performed at high fields have allowed us to evaluate the consistency of the procedures generally used for estimating in-field k in the framework of the Wiedemann-Franz law from an electrical characterization of the materials. In-field data are intended to provide primary ingredients for the ...

  10. Wybrane aspekty wielorakiego znaczenia bytu i intencjonalności w ujęciu Franza Brentana i Martina Heideggera

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sonia KAMIŃSKA

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available The text aims to acquaint the Reader with Franz Brentano’s doctoral dissertation Von der mannigfachen Bedeutung des Seienden nach Aristoteles (1862, which opens the Aristotelica series and that is known to have inspired young Heidegger to become a philosopher. The text analyses the nature and scope of this inspiration. The first part tells the story of the book’s origin and tries to provide a bigger picture for Heidegger’s acquaintance with Brentano’s philosophy as well as presenting him against the background of Brentano’s other students (Kazimierz Twardowski, Edmund Husserl, Alexius Meinong, Carl Stumpf, Anton Marty, et al.. The second part describes the famous 15 theses on being, which are the heart of the book On the Several Senses of Being in Aristotle, and thus enables a comparison of Brentano’s Thomistic ontology with the fundamental ontology of Heidegger. And this comparison is the subject of part three, which also tries to verify to what extent Heidegger was in fact indebted to Brentano and whether we can call him a “brentanist” at all.

  11. For We are Where We are not - Mixed-Reality Narratives, Installation Interfaces and Design Sketches

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrea Zapp

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Für den französischen Philosophen Gaston Bachelard (1884–1962 schafft der Raum ein Milieu purer Intimität und voller Seele. Andrea Zapp analysiert davon ausgehend in ihrem englischsprachigen Beitrag Mixed-Reality Narratives, Installation Interfaces and Design Sketches. For the French philosopher Gaston Bachelard (1884–1962 space in its very literal sense creates a milieu of pure intimacy and full of soul. His witty and enlightening analysis of the private home and its rooms, cupboards, containers and personal items are described in his book The Poetics of Space (1964 and reveal how spatial surroundings and shapes define our memories, thoughts and identities. His classification of space becomes a portal to imagination, creating a prism in which all physical worlds and objects are enhanced by individual or artistic inner visions and dreams, forming most insightful dialectics of inside and outside, open and closed, being and non-being: leading to what he finally calls 'the phenomenology of roundness' in art and philosophical thinking.

  12. Decreasing electrical resistivity of silver along the melting boundary up to 5 GPa

    Science.gov (United States)

    Littleton, Joshua A. H.; Secco, Richard A.; Yong, Wenjun

    2018-04-01

    The electrical resistivity of Ag was experimentally measured at high pressures up to 5 GPa and at temperatures up to ∼300 K above melting. The resistivity decreased as a function of pressure and increased as a function of temperature as expected and is in very good agreement with 1 atm data. Observed melting temperatures at high pressures also agree well with previous experimental and theoretical studies. The main finding of this study is that resistivity of Ag decreases along the pressure- and temperature-dependent melting boundary, in conflict with prediction of resistivity invariance. This result is discussed in terms of the dominant contribution of the increasing energy separation between the Fermi level and 4d-band as a function of pressure. Calculated from the resistivity using the Wiedemann-Franz law, the electronic thermal conductivity increased as a function of pressure and decreased as a function of temperature as expected. The decrease in the high pressure thermal conductivity in the liquid phase as a function of temperature contrasts with the behavior of the 1 atm data.

  13. Thermal transport properties of polycrystalline tin-doped indium oxide films

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ashida, Toru; Miyamura, Amica; Oka, Nobuto; Sato, Yasushi; Shigesato, Yuzo; Yagi, Takashi; Taketoshi, Naoyuki; Baba, Tetsuya

    2009-01-01

    Thermal diffusivity of polycrystalline tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) films with a thickness of 200 nm has been characterized quantitatively by subnanosecond laser pulse irradiation and thermoreflectance measurement. ITO films sandwiched by molybdenum (Mo) films were prepared on a fused silica substrate by dc magnetron sputtering using an oxide ceramic ITO target (90 wt %In 2 O 3 and 10 wt %SnO 2 ). The resistivity and carrier density of the ITO films ranged from 2.9x10 -4 to 3.2x10 -3 Ω cm and from 1.9x10 20 to 1.2x10 21 cm -3 , respectively. The thermal diffusivity of the ITO films was (1.5-2.2)x10 -6 m 2 /s, depending on the electrical conductivity. The thermal conductivity carried by free electrons was estimated using the Wiedemann-Franz law. The phonon contribution to the heat transfer in ITO films with various resistivities was found to be almost constant (λ ph =3.95 W/m K), which was about twice that for amorphous indium zinc oxide films

  14. 100th anniversary of the discovery of cosmic radiation: the role of Günther and Tegetmeyer in the development of the necessary instrumentation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. G. A. Fricke

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available The year 2012 marks the 100th anniversary of the discovery of cosmic radiation by the Austrian physicist Victor Franz Hess (1883–1964, obtained onboard manned balloons, one of them launched up to an altitude of 5.3 km. His discovery earned him the Nobel Prize in 1936. The discovery follows in the context of the investigation of atmospheric electricity and of the newly discovered radioactivity, in particular with respect to γ rays. Starting from simple ionization chambers, the instruments were developed during an interplay between functional requirements, scientific progress and available manufacturing technologies.

    The authors of this contribution take this anniversary as an opportunity to describe the instrumentation used by Hess, as well as further developments in the instrumentation which took place in the decades following Hess' discovery. This manuscript also discusses details of the company who manufactured Hess' instrument, ''Günther & Tegetmeyer'' based in Braunschweig, Germany. This company did not only build instruments for Hess and the research on cosmic rays, but also for other scientific disciplines and for well-known researchers and discoverers.

  15. CHANDA and ERINDA: Joint European programs for research on safety of nuclear facilities and waste reduction

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Beyer, Roland; Hannaske, Roland; Koegler, Toni [Institut fuer Strahlenphysik, Helmholtz Zentrum DD-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden (Germany); Institut fuer Kern- und Teilchenphysik, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden (Germany); Grosse, Eckart [Institut fuer Kern- und Teilchenphysik, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden (Germany); Junghans, Arnd R. [Institut fuer Strahlenphysik, Helmholtz Zentrum DD-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden (Germany)

    2014-07-01

    In spite of the planned termination of the German nuclear power program neutron beam facilities in Germany can contribute considerably to research studies on the reduction of hazards due to nuclear waste. Transnational research programs support EU groups who want to carry out projects at the new tof set-up nELBE at HZDR, the calibrated n-flux at PTB and the FRANZ accelerator under construction at Frankfurt. Vice versa various facilities in the EU offer beams for transmutation and safety related studies with neutrons to German scientists under support by ERINDA (2011-2013) and CHANDA (2014-2017; solving challenges in nuclear data for the safety of European nuclear facilities). For work in that field scientific visits are also fostered to improve the exchange of experience between the partners (13 and in future about 35 from 18 countries). Plans for new projects as well as results obtained so far are discussed, and special emphasis is given to the present research performed at nELBE on neutron scattering and absorption.

  16. Fermats letzter Satz die abenteuerliche Geschichte eines mathematischen Rätsels

    CERN Document Server

    Singh, Simon

    2000-01-01

    Der Satz des Pythagoras: a²+b²=c² steht im Zentrum des Rätsels, um das es hier geht. Diese »Urformel« gilt immer und überall, aber nur in der Zweier-Potenz, mit keiner anderen ganzen Zahl. In den Notizen des französischen Mathematikers Pierre Fermat, der im 17. Jahrhundert lebte, gibt es einen Hinweis, dass er den Beweis für dieses Phänomen gefunden hat. Doch der Beweis selbst ist verschollen. 350 Jahre lang versuchten nun die Mathematiker der nachfolgenden Generationen, diesen Beweis zu führen. Keinem wollte es gelingen, manche trieb das Problem sogar in den Selbstmord. Schließlich wurde ein Preis für die Lösung des Rätsels ausgesetzt. Nun gelang dem britischen Mathematiker Andrew Wiles 1995 der Durchbruch. Simon Singh wiederum gelang es, diese auf den ersten Blick abgelegene Geschichte so zu erzählen, dass niemand und auch kein Mathematikhasser sich ihrer Faszination entziehen kann: Ein Glanzlicht des modernen Wissenschaftsjournalismus! »Dieses Buch ist ein Wunder.

  17. Transport properties of finite carbon nanotubes under electric and magnetic fields

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li, T S; Lin, M F

    2006-01-01

    Electronic and transport properties of finite carbon nanotubes subject to the influences of a transverse electric field and a magnetic field with varying polar angles are studied by the tight-binding model. The external fields will modify the state energies, destroy the state degeneracy, and modulate the energy gap. Both the state energy and the energy gap exhibit rich dependence on the field strength, the magnetic field direction, and the types of carbon nanotubes. The semiconductor-metal transition would be allowed for certain field strengths and magnetic field directions. The variations of state energies with the external fields will also be reflected in the electrical and thermal conductance. The number, the heights, and the positions of the conductance peaks are strongly dependent on the external fields. The heights of the electrical and thermal conductance peaks display a quantized behaviour, while that of the Peltier coefficient does not. Finally, it is found that the validity of the Wiedemann-Franz law depends upon the temperature, the field strength, the electronic structure, and the chemical potential

  18. Rosenzweig: A ética como "primeira filosofia" e o dever de traduzir

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Inácio Abdulkader

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Die Bedeutung und der Einfluss des Werkes von Franz Rosenzweig, jüdisch-deutscher Philosoph vom Beginn des vergangenen Jahrhunderts, werden noch immer nicht angemessen gewürdigt. Rosenzweig entwickelt in seinem Hauptwerk, der Stern der Erlösung, ausgehend von eminent theologischen Kategorien, sein philosophisches System. Dem "Monolog des Ich" der traditionellen Philosophie setzt Rosenzweig ein "Neues Denken" von existenzialistischem Gepräge entgegen, das die Mündlichkeit und den Dialog mit dem "Anderen" aufwertet und den Verstand ald Werkzeug der Reflexion ersetzt. Dieses Denken weist Korrespondenzen zur Philosophie W. Benjamins auf. Das "Neue Denken" übte einen starken Einfluss auf E. Lévinas aus, sowie auf zahlreiche interessante philosophie und theologische Ansätze nach dem "linguistic turn" und auf die postmoderne jüdische Geistigkeit. Rosenzweigs Philosophie hat andererseits in seiner Übersetzertätigkeit eine wichtige direkte Anwendung gefunden. Übersetzen erscheint Rosenzweig als Verpflichtung, die aus einer Ethik, verstanden als grundlegender Philosophie, erwächst. Der vorliegende Artikel analysiert einige Aspekte der Schriften Rosenzweigs, in denen sich eine "Philosophie der Übersetzung" abzeichnet.

  19. Application of a heuristic search method for generation of fuel reload configurations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Galperin, A.; Nissan, E.

    1988-01-01

    A computerized heuristic search method for the generation and optimization of fuel reload configurations is proposed and investigated. The heuristic knowledge is expressed modularly in the form of ''IF-THEN'' production rules. The method was implemented in a program coded in the Franz LISP programming language and executed under the UNIX operating system. A test problem was formulated, based on a typical light water reactor reload problem with a few simplifications assumed, in order to allow formulation of the reload strategy into a relatively small number of rules. A computer run of the problem was performed with a VAX-780 machine. A set of 312 solutions was generated in -- 20 min of execution time. Testing of a few arbitrarily chosen configurations demonstrated reasonably good performance for the computer-generated solutions. A computerized generator of reload configurations may be used for the fast generation or modification of reload patterns and as a tool for the formulation, tuning, and testing of the heuristic knowledge rules used by an ''expert'' fuel manager

  20. Theory of thermal conductivity in the disordered electron liquid

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Schwiete, G., E-mail: schwiete@uni-mainz.de [Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Spin Phenomena Interdisciplinary Center (SPICE) and Institut für Physik (Germany); Finkel’stein, A. M. [Texas A& M University, Department of Physics and Astronomy (United States)

    2016-03-15

    We study thermal conductivity in the disordered two-dimensional electron liquid in the presence of long-range Coulomb interactions. We describe a microscopic analysis of the problem using the partition function defined on the Keldysh contour as a starting point. We extend the renormalization group (RG) analysis developed for thermal transport in the disordered Fermi liquid and include scattering processes induced by the long-range Coulomb interaction in the sub-temperature energy range. For the thermal conductivity, unlike for the electrical conductivity, these scattering processes yield a logarithmic correction that may compete with the RG corrections. The interest in this correction arises from the fact that it violates the Wiedemann–Franz law. We checked that the sub-temperature correction to the thermal conductivity is not modified either by the inclusion of Fermi liquid interaction amplitudes or as a result of the RG flow. We therefore expect that the answer obtained for this correction is final. We use the theory to describe thermal transport on the metallic side of the metal–insulator transition in Si MOSFETs.

  1. Heat Coulomb blockade of one ballistic channel

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sivre, E.; Anthore, A.; Parmentier, F. D.; Cavanna, A.; Gennser, U.; Ouerghi, A.; Jin, Y.; Pierre, F.

    2018-02-01

    Quantum mechanics and Coulomb interaction dictate the behaviour of small circuits. The thermal implications cover fundamental topics from quantum control of heat to quantum thermodynamics, with prospects of novel thermal machines and an ineluctably growing influence on nanocircuit engineering. Experimentally, the rare observations thus far include the universal thermal conductance quantum and heat interferometry. However, evidence for many-body thermal effects paving the way to markedly different heat and electrical behaviours in quantum circuits remains wanting. Here we report on the observation of the Coulomb blockade of electronic heat flow from a small metallic circuit node, beyond the widespread Wiedemann-Franz law paradigm. We demonstrate this thermal many-body phenomenon for perfect (ballistic) conduction channels to the node, where it amounts to the universal suppression of precisely one quantum of conductance for the transport of heat, but none for electricity. The inter-channel correlations that give rise to such selective heat current reduction emerge from local charge conservation, in the floating node over the full thermal frequency range (laws for thermal transport in nanocircuits.

  2. Investigation of Plasma Treatment on Micro-Injection Moulded Microneedle for Drug Delivery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Karthik Nair

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available Plasma technology has been widely used to increase the surface energy of the polymer surfaces for many industrial applications; in particular to increase in wettability. The present work was carried out to investigate how surface modification using plasma treatment modifies the surface energy of micro-injection moulded microneedles and its influence on drug delivery. Microneedles of polyether ether ketone and polycarbonate and have been manufactured using micro-injection moulding and samples from each production batch have been subsequently subjected to a range of plasma treatment. These samples were coated with bovine serum albumin to study the protein adsorption on these treated polymer surfaces. Sample surfaces structures, before and after treatment, were studied using atomic force microscope and surface energies have been obtained using contact angle measurement and calculated using the Owens-Wendt theory. Adsorption performance of bovine serum albumin and release kinetics for each sample set was assessed using a Franz diffusion cell. Results indicate that plasma treatment significantly increases the surface energy and roughness of the microneedles resulting in better adsorption and release of BSA.

  3. Fish skin as a model membrane: structure and characteristics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Konrádsdóttir, Fífa; Loftsson, Thorsteinn; Sigfússon, Sigurdur Dadi

    2009-01-01

    Synthetic and cell-based membranes are frequently used during drug formulation development for the assessment of drug availability. However, most of the currently used membranes do not mimic mucosal membranes well, especially the aqueous mucous layer of the membranes. In this study we evaluated catfish (Anarichas lupus L) skin as a model membrane. Permeation of hydrocortisone, lidocaine hydrochloride, benzocaine, diethylstilbestrol, naproxen, picric acid and sodium nitrate through skin from a freshly caught catfish was determined in Franz diffusion cells. Both lipophilic and hydrophilic molecules permeate through catfish skin via hydrated channels or aqueous pores. No correlation was observed between the octanol/water partition coefficient of the permeating molecules and their permeability coefficient through the skin. Permeation through catfish skin was found to be diffusion controlled. The results suggest that permeation through the fish skin proceeds via a diffusion-controlled process, a process that is similar to drug permeation through the aqueous mucous layer of a mucosal membrane. In addition, the fish skin, with its collagen matrix structure, appears to possess similar properties to the eye sclera.

  4. ESTUDIO EX VIVO DE LA LIBERACIÓN TRANSDÉRMICA DE ENALAPRIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lucía Lhez

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se estudió el comportamiento ex vivo de una formulación de enalapril maleato para su administración por vía transdérmica, utilizando piel de oreja de cerdo. Los experimentos se realizaron en celdas de difusión vertical tipo Franz. El principio activo fue formulado en una dispersión de carbopol. A partir de las cantidades acumuladas de enalapril en el compartimento receptor, se evaluó el flujo y el coeficiente de permeabilidad. Con el fin de optimizar la penetración del principio activo, se investigó el efecto de L-mentol como potenciador de la permeabildiad. Se determinó que este compuesto contribuye favorablemente a la penetración de enalapril a través de la piel y que los parámetros de permeabilidad, flujo y coeficiente de permeabilidad, alcanzan sus máximos valores cuando L-mentol está presente en un 3,82% en la formulación enalapril/carbopol.

  5. O IMPACTO DO REMORSO NA FIXAÇÃO DA PUNIÇÃO CRIMINAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ivan Clementino de Souza

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available O depoimento do réu Ernst Janning, personagem inspirado na vida do jurista alemão Franz Schlegelberger e retratado no filme de Stamley Kramer, “Julgamento em Nuremberg” de 1961, é o ponto de apoio para a consideração dos efeitos do remorso na fixação da punição criminal a partir da leitura do texto: Remorse, responsability, and criminal punishment: an analysis of popular culture, de autoria do jurista norte-americano Austin Sarat. Propomos aqui, uma análise conjunta na tentativa de extrair do depoimento do jurista alemão durante o julgamento, manifestações de remorso que dialogam com os apontamentos feitos pelo professor Austin Sarat nos seus estudos sobre punição criminal. Nos parece que o reconhecimento da culpa, a assunção de responsabilidade e o remorse do ofensor, provocam uma particular preponderância das estruturas da Justiça sobre o universo da Vingança. É sobre isso que pretendemos tratar.

  6. APRESENTAR O IRREPRESENTÁVEL: paisagem com bois e vaca amarela

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    Paula Glenadel

    2011-12-01

    (Sagarana, 1946 do quadro Vaca amarela (1911, de Franz Marc,pintor expressionista ligado ao movimento Der Blaue Reiter,significa repensar a representação dos animais, forçando os limites do comentário batailliano sobre a “mentira poética da animalidade” até fazer da poesia o lugar de uma verdade ética da hospitalidade com a qual se dá acolhida ao totalmente outro. Essa verdade se manifesta como exigência do impossível, como no dito de Derrida: “Um ato de hospitalidade só pode ser poético.” No conto, coexistem estruturas mais tradicionais de representação com a tentativa poética de encontrar, através da plasticidade da linguagem, algo que seria traço irredutível dos bichos; no quadro, a representação da vaca vista de fora se mistura ao cromatismo em amarelo com o qual o pintor busca apresentar poeticamente algo do afeto dos bichos em sua “visão de mundo”.

  7. EFFECTS OF IRRADIATION ON THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF ALLOY 690 AT LOW NEUTRON FLUENCE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    WOO SEOG RYU

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available Alloy 690 has been selected as a steam generator tubing material for SMART owing to a near immunity to primary water stress corrosion cracking. The steam generators of SMART are faced with a neutron flux due to the integrated arrangement inside a reactor vessel, and thus it is important to know the irradiation effects of the thermal conductivity of Alloy 690. Alloy 690 was irradiated at HANARO to fluences of (0.7−28 × 1019n/cm2 (E>0.1MeV at 250°C, and its thermal conductivity was measured using the laser-flash equipment in the IMEF. The thermal conductivity of Alloy 690 was dependent on temperature, and it was a good fit to the Smith-Palmer equation, which modified the Wiedemann-Franz law. The irradiation at 250°C did not degrade the thermal conductivity of Alloy 690, and even showed a small increase (1% at fluences of (0.7∼28 × 1019n/cm2 (E>0.1MeV.

  8. Microneedle Enhanced Delivery of Cosmeceutically Relevant Peptides in Human Skin

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mohammed, Yousuf H.; Yamada, Miko; Lin, Lynlee L.; Grice, Jeffrey E.; Roberts, Michael S.; Raphael, Anthony P.; Benson, Heather A. E.; Prow, Tarl W.

    2014-01-01

    Peptides and proteins play an important role in skin health and well-being. They are also found to contribute to skin aging and melanogenesis. Microneedles have been shown to substantially enhance skin penetration and may offer an effective means of peptide delivery enhancement. The aim of this investigation was to assess the influence of microneedles on the skin penetration of peptides using fluorescence imaging to determine skin distribution. In particular the effect of peptide chain length (3, 4, 5 amino acid chain length) on passive and MN facilitated skin penetration was investigated. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to image fluorescence intensity and the area of penetration of fluorescently tagged peptides. Penetration studies were conducted on excised full thickness human skin in Franz type diffusion cells for 1 and 24 hours. A 2 to 22 fold signal improvement in microneedle enhanced delivery of melanostatin, rigin and pal-KTTKS was observed. To our knowledge this is the first description of microneedle enhanced skin permeation studies on these peptides. PMID:25033398

  9. Enhanced delivery of hydrophilic peptides in vitro by transdermal microneedle pretreatment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Suohui; Qiu, Yuqin; Gao, Yunhua

    2014-02-01

    The aims of this study were to investigate the utility of solid microneedle arrays (150 µm in length) in enhancing transdermal delivery of peptides and to examine the relationship between peptide permeation rates and D2O flux. Four model peptides were used (Gly-Gln-Pro-Arg [tetrapeptide-3, 456.6 Da], Val-Gly-Val-Ala-Pro-Gly [hexapeptide, 498.6 Da], AC-Glu-Glu-Met-Gln-Arg-Arg-NH2 [acetyl hexapeptide-3, 889 Da] and Cys-Tyr-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 [oxytocin, 1007.2 Da]). The influence of microneedle pretreatment on skin permeation was evaluated using porcine ear skin with Franze diffusion cell. Peptide permeation across the skin was significantly enhanced by microneedle pretreatment, and permeation rates were dependent on peptide molecular weights. A positive correlation between D2O flux and acetyl hexapeptide-3 clearances suggests that convective solvent flow contributes to the enhanced transdermal peptide delivery. It is concluded that solid microneedle arrays are effective devices to enhance skin delivery of peptides.

  10. Enhanced delivery of hydrophilic peptides in vitro by transdermal microneedle pretreatment

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Suohui Zhang

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available The aims of this study were to investigate the utility of solid microneedle arrays (150 µm in length in enhancing transdermal delivery of peptides and to examine the relationship between peptide permeation rates and D2O flux. Four model peptides were used (Gly–Gln–Pro–Arg [tetrapeptide-3, 456.6 Da], Val–Gly–Val–Ala–Pro–Gly [hexapeptide, 498.6 Da], AC–Glu–Glu–Met–Gln–Arg–Arg–NH2 [acetyl hexapeptide-3, 889 Da] and Cys–Tyr–Ile–Gln–Asn–Cys–Pro–Leu–Gly–NH2 [oxytocin, 1007.2 Da]. The influence of microneedle pretreatment on skin permeation was evaluated using porcine ear skin with Franze diffusion cell. Peptide permeation across the skin was significantly enhanced by microneedle pretreatment, and permeation rates were dependent on peptide molecular weights. A positive correlation between D2O flux and acetyl hexapeptide-3 clearances suggests that convective solvent flow contributes to the enhanced transdermal peptide delivery. It is concluded that solid microneedle arrays are effective devices to enhance skin delivery of peptides.

  11. Microneedle enhanced delivery of cosmeceutically relevant peptides in human skin.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yousuf H Mohammed

    Full Text Available Peptides and proteins play an important role in skin health and well-being. They are also found to contribute to skin aging and melanogenesis. Microneedles have been shown to substantially enhance skin penetration and may offer an effective means of peptide delivery enhancement. The aim of this investigation was to assess the influence of microneedles on the skin penetration of peptides using fluorescence imaging to determine skin distribution. In particular the effect of peptide chain length (3, 4, 5 amino acid chain length on passive and MN facilitated skin penetration was investigated. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to image fluorescence intensity and the area of penetration of fluorescently tagged peptides. Penetration studies were conducted on excised full thickness human skin in Franz type diffusion cells for 1 and 24 hours. A 2 to 22 fold signal improvement in microneedle enhanced delivery of melanostatin, rigin and pal-KTTKS was observed. To our knowledge this is the first description of microneedle enhanced skin permeation studies on these peptides.

  12. Thermophysical Properties of Cold and Vacuum Plasma Sprayed Cu-Cr-X Alloys, NiAl and NiCrAlY Coatings. Part 1; Electrical and Thermal Conductivity, Thermal Diffusivity, and Total Hemispherical Emissivity

    Science.gov (United States)

    Raj, S. V.

    2017-01-01

    This two-part paper reports the thermophysical properties of several cold and vacuum plasma sprayed monolithic Cu and Ni-based alloy coatings. Part I presents the electrical and thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and total hemispherical emissivity data while Part II reports the specific heat capacity data for these coatings. Metallic copper alloys, stoichiometric NiAl and NiCrAlY coatings were fabricated by either the cold sprayed or the vacuum plasma spray deposition processes for thermal property measurements between 77 and 1223 K. The temperature dependencies of the thermal conductivities, thermal diffusivities, electrical conductivities and total hemispherical emissivities of these cold and vacuum sprayed monolithic coatings are reported in this paper. The electrical and thermal conductivity data correlate reasonably well for Cu-8%Cr-1%Al, Cu-23%Cr-5%Al and NiAl in accordance with the Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law although a better fit is obtained using the Smith-Palmer relationship. The Lorentz numbers determined from the WF law are close to the theoretical value.

  13. Will the New Gnosticism prevail? Remarks on Synthetic Biology, Nanotechnologies and Genetic Manipulation facing the Century of the Big Challenge

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Riechmann

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Technological utopianism seduces many people, from the very origins of Western modernity –remember Francis Bacon’s island of Bensalem in his New Atlantis–, with the temptation of complete mastery over nature (which includes human immortality. Today, the prevailing mentality in the West, which tends to become a universal worldview, has much in common with the beliefs of the ancient Gnostics. According to this mindset, science and technology can allow the human mind to escape the limitations that characterize its natural state, releasing the anchor to biological stuff and escaping the human condition. In short, we would become gods –gods thought of as Immortal Super-Engineers. We must resist these destructive illusions and delusions, which means: technical rationality has to make his own critique of utopian reason (in the sense of Franz Hinkelammert. Without this self-criticism, a judicious use of techniques and technologies will be out of reach –and they do have an enormous potential for improving the human condition–, while avoiding –if it were still possible– the exterminist, nihilistic and suicidal drift of industrial civilization.

  14. Fully automatic flow-based device for monitoring of drug permeation across a cell monolayer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zelená, Lucie; Marques, Sara S; Segundo, Marcela A; Miró, Manuel; Pávek, Petr; Sklenářová, Hana; Solich, Petr

    2016-01-01

    A novel flow-programming setup based on the sequential injection principle is herein proposed for on-line monitoring of temporal events in cell permeation studies. The permeation unit consists of a Franz cell with its basolateral compartment mixed under mechanical agitation and thermostated at 37 °C. The apical compartment is replaced by commercially available Transwell inserts with a precultivated cell monolayer. The transport of drug substances across epithelial cells genetically modified with the P-glycoprotein membrane transporter (MDCKII-MDR1) is monitored on-line using rhodamine 123 as a fluorescent marker. The permeation kinetics of the marker is obtained in a fully automated mode by sampling minute volumes of solution from the basolateral compartment in short intervals (10 min) up to 4 h. The effect of a P-glycoprotein transporter inhibitor, verapamil as a model drug, on the efficiency of the marker transport across the cell monolayer is thoroughly investigated. The analytical features of the proposed flow method for cell permeation studies in real time are critically compared against conventional batch-wise procedures and microfluidic devices.

  15. Formulation, characterization and clinical evaluation of propranolol hydrochloride gel for transdermal treatment of superficial infantile hemangioma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhou, Wenhu; He, Shiying; Yang, Yijun; Jian, Dan; Chen, Xiang; Ding, Jinsong

    2015-01-01

    The objective of the present study is to formulate and characterize propranolol hydrochloride (PPL · HCl) gel, and to evaluate the efficacy of this formulation in transdermal treatment for superficial infantile hemangioma (IH). The transdermal PPL · HCl gel was prepared by a direct swelling method, which chose hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as the matrix and used terpenes plus alcohols as permeation enhancer. Permeation studies of PPL · HCl were carried out with modified Franz diffusion cells through piglet skin. Our results pointed to that among all studied permeation enhancers, farnesol plus isopropanol was the most effective combination (Q24, 6027.4 ± 563.1 μg/cm(2), ER, 6.8), which was significantly higher than that of control gel (p homemade PPL · HCl oral solution as a control. Clinical studies also confirmed the excellent therapeutic response and few side effects of the PPL · HCl gel. These results suggest that transdermal application of the PPL · HCl gel is an effective and safe formulation in treating superficial IH.

  16. Nanodesign of olein vesicles for the topical delivery of the antioxidant resveratrol.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pando, Daniel; Caddeo, Carla; Manconi, Maria; Fadda, Anna Maria; Pazos, Carmen

    2013-08-01

    The ex-vivo percutaneous absorption of the natural antioxidant resveratrol in liposomes and niosomes was investigated. The influence of vesicle composition on their physicochemical properties and stability was evaluated. Liposomes containing resveratrol were formulated using soy phosphatidylcholine (Phospholipon90G). Innovative niosomes were formulated using mono- or diglycerides: glycerol monooleate (Peceol) and polyglyceryl-3 dioleate (Plurol OleiqueCC), respectively, two suitable skin-compatible oleins used in pharmaceutical formulations as penetration enhancers. Small, negatively charged vesicles with a mean size of approximately 200 nm were prepared. The accelerated stability of vesicles was evaluated using Turbiscan Lab Expert, and the bilayer deformability was also assessed. Ex-vivo transdermal experiments were carried out in Franz diffusion cells, on newborn pig skin, to study the influence of the different vesicle formulations on resveratrol skin delivery. Results indicated a high cutaneous accumulation and a low transdermal delivery of resveratrol, especially when Peceol niosomes were used. Overall, niosomes formulated with Plurol oleique or Peceol showed a better behaviour than liposomes in the cutaneous delivery of resveratrol. © 2013 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.

  17. Study of the magnetic heavy fermions UCoGe and YbRh2Si2 by transport measurements

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Taupin, Mathieu

    2013-01-01

    Thermal conductivity measurements have been performed at low temperatures and under field in the superconducting ferromagnetic UCoGe and in the weak antiferromagnetic YbRh 2 S i 2. In both systems, the magnetic fluctuations have an important role in their properties, and it appeared that they contribute as a heat channel, seen by thermal conductivity at low temperatures. In UCoGe, the extra contribution due to the magnetic fluctuations have the same field dependence as the one measured by NMR, and, unexpectedly, a new heat channel appears at very low temperatures. Furthermore, thermal conductivity measurements in the superconducting state have confirmed the multi-gap superconductivity of UCoGe. XMCD measurements have also been performed in UCoGe. In YbRh 2 Si 2 , the very low temperature thermal conductivity measurements have shown that an extra contribution appears at very low temperature, which avoids to conclude de n itively about the violation or the validation of the Wiedemann-Franz law at the quantum critical point, even if the results can be interpreted supposing its validation. (author) [fr

  18. Optimization and formulation design of carbopol loaded Piroxicam gel using novel penetration enhancers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chaudhary, Hema; Rohilla, Ajay; Rathee, Permender; Kumar, Vikash

    2013-04-01

    The aim of the study was to develop and optimize Piroxicam transdermal gel formulation using three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design by deriving a second-order polynomial equation to construct contour plots for prediction of responses as three selected independent variables with ratio of carbopol 974 (X1), ratio of propylene glycol (PG) (X2) and ratio of ethanol (X3). The dependent variables studied were the skin permeation rate of piroxicam (Y1), viscosity of the gel (Y2) and pH of the gel (Y3). Response surface plots were drawn, statistical validity of the polynomials was established to find the compositions of optimized formulation which was evaluated using the vertical Franz-type diffusion cell. The permeation rate of piroxicam increased proportionally with ethanol concentration but decreased with polymer concentration. The design demonstrated the role of the derived polynomial equation and contour plots in predicting the values of dependent variables for the preparation and optimization of gel formulation. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  19. Amphiphilic poly{[α-maleic anhydride-ω-methoxypoly(ethylene glycol]-co-(ethyl cyanoacrylate} graft copolymer nanoparticles as carriers for transdermal drug delivery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jinfeng Xing

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available Jinfeng Xing, Liandong Deng, Jun Li, Anjie DongDepartment of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of ChinaAbstract: In this study, the transdermal drug delivery properties of D,L-tetrahydropalmatine (THP-loaded amphiphilic poly{[α-maleic anhydride-ω-methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol]-co-(ethyl cyanoacrylate} (PEGECA graft copolymer nanoparticles (PEGECAT NPs were evaluated by skin penetration experiments in vitro. The transdermal permeation experiments in vitro were carried out in Franz diffusion cells using THP-loaded PEGECAT NPs as the donor system. Transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the receptor fluid. The results indicate that the THP-loaded PEGECAT NPs are able to penetrate the rat skin. Fluorescent microscopy measurements demonstrate that THP-loaded PEGECAT NPs can penetrate the skin not only via appendage routes but also via epidermal routes. This nanotechnology has potential application in transdermal drug delivery. Keywords: poly{[α-maleic anhydride-ω-methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol]-co-(ethyl cyanoacrylate}, nanoparticles, transdermal drug delivery, D,L-tetrahydropalmatine

  20. Amor al vecino y cuestionamientos a la nación en la literatura del siglo diecinueve

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodrigo Andrés

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available La figura de “el vecino” es en sí misma interesante debido a que excede a la oposición binaria formada por amigo y enemigo, opor esa persona con la que me identifico, por un lado, y ese completo extraño al que tal vez vea como un Otro irreducible, por otro. El vecino, en cuanto figura que no pertence al espacio privado inmediato del círculo familiar y doméstico pero que, aun y así, está en el círculo de la proximidad física enla comunidad, es relevante por razones políticas y éticas. Este ensayo explora pasajes de pensadores como Hannah Arendt, Zygmunt Bauman, Maurice Blanchot, Judith Butler, Roberto Esposito, Sigmund Freud, Ernesto Laclau, Emmanuel Levinas, Kenneth Reinhard, Franz Rosenzweig, Eric Santner, Richard Sennett y Slavoj Žižek, entre otros, y glosa algunas de las posiciones en el debate sobre la aplicabilidad del precepto “ama a tu vecino como a ti mismo”.

  1. Illusionists

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    N.J Wade

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available Illusions have been displayed in art for millennia but they were not addressed seriously by visual science until the mid-nineteenth century when Johann Joseph Oppel referred to the small spatial distortions as ‘geometrical optical illusions’. Many of the illusion figures described thereafter bear the names of those who illustrated them. Original forms of the illusions were shown together with illusory portrayals of those who described them. These included (in chronological sequence: Jan Evangelista Purkyně, Louis Albert Necker, Michel Eugène Chevreul, Adolf Fick, Johann Karl Friedrich Zöllner, Johann Christian Poggendorff, Karl Ewald Konstantin Hering, August Kundt, Joseph-Rémi-Léopold Delbæuf, Ernst Mach, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand Helmholtz, Ludimar Hermann, Wilhelm von Bezold, Henri Beaunis, Franz Carl Müller-Lyer, Theodor Lipps, Armand Thiéry, Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt, Hugo Münsterberg, Friedrich Schumann, Hermann Ebbinghaus, Edward Bradford Titchener, Joseph Jastrow, James Fraser, Mario Ponzo, Edgar Rubin, Matthew Luckiesh, Friedrich Sander, Walter Ehrenstein, Adelbert Ames, Richard Gregory, Gaetano Kanizsa, Michael White, Roger Shepard, and Bernd Lingelbach.

  2. ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH A NEW CONCEPT OF POROUS MEDIUM COMBUSTION FOR THE FUTURE CLEAN ENGINE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ashok A Dhale

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available At present, the emissions of internal combustion engine can only be improved by catalytic treatments of the exhaust gases. Such treatments, however, result in high costs and relatively low conversion efficiency. This suggests that a new combustion technique should be developed to yield improved primary combustion processes inside the engine with drastically reduced exhaust gas emissions. To fulfill all requirements, Dr. Franz Drust has proposed a new combustion concept to perform homogenous combustion in internal combustion engines. This concept used the porous medium combustion technique and is called "PM-engine". It is shown that the PM combustion technique can be applied to internal combustion engines. Theoretical considerations are presented for internal combustion engines, indicating that an overall improvement in thermal efficiency can be achieved for the PM-engine. This is explained and general performance of the new PM-engines is demonstrated for a single cylinder, water cooled, direct injection diesel engine. Verification of experiments at primary stage is described that were carried out as a part of the present study.

  3. Uma nosologia para os fenômenos sobrenaturais e a construção do cérebro 'possuído' no século XIX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Valeria Portugal Goncalves

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Fenômenos sobrenaturais como os chamados transe e possessão espiritual recebem, no final do século XX, codificação científica, integrando os diagnósticos da psiquiatria hegemônica. No final do século XIX, observamos a apropriação científica de fenômenos considerados originários da superstição ou imaginação popular. Neste trabalho, demonstramos como o transe e a possessão espiritual foram estudados por Franz Anton Mesmer e seus discípulos ao desenvolver o conceito de magnetismo; por James Braid no processo de criação da teoria da hipnose; e por Jean Martin Charcot, marcando a entrada da histeria para as classificações nosológicas. Apesar das diferenças entre essas escolas, identificamos a utilização do cérebro e de metáforas cerebralistas como alicerce das teorias sobre a mente.

  4. Figures and institutions of the neurological sciences in Paris from 1800 to 1950. Introduction and Part I: Neuroanatomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clarac, F; Barbara, J-G; Broussolle, E; Poirier, J

    2012-01-01

    We present a short historical review on the major institutions and figures that contributed to make Paris a renowned centre of physiology and neurology during the xixth and the first half of the xxth centuries. We purposely chose to focus on the period 1800-1950, as 1800 corresponds to the development of brain science and 1950 marks the true beginning of neuroscience. Our presentation is divided into four chapters, matching the main disciplines which have progressed and contributed the most to the knowledge we have of the brain sciences: anatomy, physiology, neurology, and psychiatry-psychology. The present article is the first of four parts of this review, which includes an introduction followed by the chapter on neuroanatomy and on anatomo-pathology, which includes biographical sketches of Félix Vicq d'Azyr, François-Xavier Bichat, Franz Joseph Gall, Jean Cruveilhier, Jules Bernard Luys, Paul Broca, Louis Ranvier, André-Victor Cornil, Albert Gombault, Jean Nageotte and René Couteaux. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

  5. Regional cooling caused recent New Zealand glacier advances in a period of global warming.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mackintosh, Andrew N; Anderson, Brian M; Lorrey, Andrew M; Renwick, James A; Frei, Prisco; Dean, Sam M

    2017-02-14

    Glaciers experienced worldwide retreat during the twentieth and early twenty first centuries, and the negative trend in global glacier mass balance since the early 1990s is predominantly a response to anthropogenic climate warming. The exceptional terminus advance of some glaciers during recent global warming is thought to relate to locally specific climate conditions, such as increased precipitation. In New Zealand, at least 58 glaciers advanced between 1983 and 2008, and Franz Josef and Fox glaciers advanced nearly continuously during this time. Here we show that the glacier advance phase resulted predominantly from discrete periods of reduced air temperature, rather than increased precipitation. The lower temperatures were associated with anomalous southerly winds and low sea surface temperature in the Tasman Sea region. These conditions result from variability in the structure of the extratropical atmospheric circulation over the South Pacific. While this sequence of climate variability and its effect on New Zealand glaciers is unusual on a global scale, it remains consistent with a climate system that is being modified by humans.

  6. Development of a detector in order to investigate (n,γ)-cross sections by ToF method with a very short flight path

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wolf, C.; Glorius, J.; Reifarth, R.; Weigand, M.

    2018-01-01

    The determination of neutron capture cross sections of some radioactive isotopes like 85Kr is very important to improve the knowledge about the s process. Based on its own radioactive decay these isotopes can only be used in small samples inside a TOF facility, which is why the neutron flux of these facilities has to be very high. Unfortunately the neutron flux of the FRANZ setup at Goethe University Frankfurt, which will offer the highest neutron flux in astrophysical energy regions (keV region) [1], is still to low to investigate isotopes like 85Kr. Therefore a new setup called NAUTILUS is under development, which will reduce the flight path from 80 cm to a few centimeter to enhance the angular coverage of the sample and therefore increase the neutron flux by a factor of nearly 100. This implies a higher intensity of the γ-flash energy inside the detector and the neutron induced background. Hence the geometry, the scintillator material and the moderator were optimized by GEANT3 simulations.

  7. Vegetation and land carbon feedbacks in the high-resolution transient Holocene simulations using the MPI Earth system model

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brovkin, Victor; Lorenz, Stephan; Raddatz, Thomas

    2017-04-01

    üger1, Roberta D'agostino1, Anne Dallmeyer1, Sabine Egerer1, Vivienne Groner1, Matthias Heinze1, Tatiana Ilyina1, Johann Jungclaus1, Thomas Kleinen1, Alexander Lemburg1, Stephan Lorenz1, Thomas Raddatz1, Hauke Schmidt1, Gerhard Schmiedl3, Bjorn Stevens1, Claudia Timmreck1, Matthew Toohey4 1Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, D 2Wageningen University, NL 3CEN, Universität Hamburg, D 4GEOMAR Helmholtz Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, D

  8. Mikroskopische Studien ueber Gesteine aus den Molukken. 1. Gesteine von Ambon und den Uliassern. Mit einem französischen Résumé

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Schroeder van der Kolk, J.L.C.

    1888-01-01

    Dans le traité précédent j’ai décrit les types les plus caractéristiques parmi les échantillons de roche recueillis par M. MARTIN pendant ses voyages dans les Moluques. Ainsi il s’agit des Granites à biotite, des Péridotites, des Dacites, des Andésites à pyroxène, des Brèches volcaniques et aussi

  9. Intervenções do texto bíblico no romance Tempo de Solidão, de Josué Guimarães = Interventions of biblical narrative in Josué Guimarães’ novel Tempo de Solidão

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Enéias Farias Tavares

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Num cenário social e cultural tão misto, variável e múltiplo, cada vez mais obras de cunho artístico releem, reinterpretam e retomam tropos humanísticos do passado. No que concerne aos estudos literários, tais relações, nunca unidirecionais, sempre dialéticas, retomam e reaproximam culturas e saberes. Quando pensamos na influência de textos do passado em obras literárias mais próximas de nós temporalmente, o texto bíblico se apresenta como fonte inesgotável de ideias, conceitos e histórias que insuflaram – até hoje – a mente de diferentes escritores. Essa influência do texto bíblico se dá tanto em autores “modernos”, como Franz Kafka, Herman Melville e José Saramago, quanto em autores clássicos, como Dante Alighieri, John Milton e Luiz de Camões. Este trabalho apresenta uma interpretação sobre o nome do personagem Daniel Abraão, baseada na cultura bíblica judaica. Sendo o protagonista do romance A Ferro e Fogo I: Tempo de Solidão, do sul-brasileiro Josué Guimarães, tal personagem é construído como um paradigma da esperança migratóriafrustrada representada pelo povo alemão no Brasil.In such a mixed, changeable and multiple social and cultural scene, more and more artistic works reread, reinterpret and retake humanistic themes of the past. With regard to literary studies, such relations, which are never unidirectional and always dialectic, retake and reapproximate cultures and knowledges. When we think about the influence of texts of the past in literary compositions of our time, the Biblical text presents an inexhaustible source of ideas, concepts and histories that inspire, even today, the mind of different writers. This influence of Biblical text is present both in modern authors such as Franz Kafka, Herman Melville and Jose Saramago, and in classic authors like Dante Alighieri, John Milton and Luiz de Camões. This paper presents an interpretation of thename of the character Daniel Abraão based on

  10. Kafka: a metamorfose para os direitos humanos / Kafka: metamorphosis to human rights

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leilane Serratine Grubba

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Resumo O artigo tem por objeto o Direito e a Literatura. Mais precisamente, objetiva vislumbrar a possibilidade de uma intersecção entre os campos cognitivos do Direito e da Literatura, para compreender a dignidade humana à luz da obra artístico-literária A metamorfose, de Franz Kafka. Assim, em primeiro lugar, o texto centrou-se na possibilidade do diálogo entre as dimensões do Direito e da Arte, essencialmente a Literatura. Como toda grande obra de arte, o livro analisado contém em seu seio uma semente de ruptura e de proposta de movimento criador. Permite aos seus leitores uma abertura de consciência ao novo, a vislumbrar mundos diversos, a pensar transformações dos espaços socioculturais. Assim, no segundo momento, a partir da ideia de que as grandes obras de arte permitem uma análise da sociedade concreta e imanente, o texto centrou-se na investigação da trama literária. Por fim, a partir da história narrada por Kafka e das críticas dos valores da sociedade presentes no texto, principalmente a anulação do sujeito – transformado em animal – partiu-se para a possibilidade de se pensar uma mudança, visando à dignidade humana no mundo contemporâneo, marcado pelo totalitarismo. Palavras-chave: Direito, Literatura, Dignidade Humana, Kafka, Metamorfose Abstract The article focuses on the Law and Literature. More precisely, it aims to glimpse the possibility of an intersection between the cognitive fields of law and literature, in order to understand human dignity in light of the artistic and literary work The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka. Thus, first, the text centered on the possibility of dialogue between the dimensions of the law of the literature. Like any great work of art, the book analyzed contains in its bosom a seed burst and proposing creative movement. Allows its readers an opening of the new consciousness, a glimpse of different worlds, thinking sociocultural transformations of spaces. Thus, the second time

  11. Posttranslational modification of bioaerosol protein by common gas pollutants: NO2 and O3

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abdullahi Mahmood, Marliyyah; Bloss, William; Pope, Francis

    2016-04-01

    Air pollution can exacerbate several medical conditions, for example, hay fever and asthma. The global incidence of hay fever has been rising for decades; however, the underlying reasons behind this rise remain unclear. It is hypothesized that the exposure of pollen to common gas phase pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3), increases the allergenicity of the pollen and thus increases hay fever incidence (Reinmuth-Selzle et al., 2014, Franze, et al., 2005). Since atmospheric pollutants often have greater concentrations within urban areas (in particular NO2) the hypothesis suggests that greater allergenicity should occur in urban areas. Certainly, several studies do suggest higher hay fever incidence within urban areas compared to rural areas (Schröder et al., 2015). Previous published work suggests a link between increased allergies and changes in the chemical composition of pollen protein via posttranslational modification of the protein (Reinmuth-Selzle et al., 2014). This study investigates the posttranslational modification of two highly allergenic pollen species (Birch and Ragweed) that are common in Europe. Within the laboratory, we expose pollen grains to atmospherically relevant exposures of gas phase NO2, O3 and other common gas phase oxidants under a range of environmentally relevant conditions. The effects of the exposures on the biochemistry of the pollen grains were probed using a proteomic approach (liquid chromatography coupled ultra-high resolution spectrometer). Our findings indicate the interaction between gas phase pollutants and pollen cause protein specific modifications; in particular nitration that occurs upon tyrosine residues and nitrosylation on cysteine residues. These modifications may affect human immune response to the pollen protein, which may suggest a possible reason for increased allergies in reaction to such chemically altered protein. Quantification of the relative degree of PTMs, from a variety of

  12. Barbarian medicine in feudal Japan.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fodstad, Harald; Hariz, Marwan I; Hirabayashi, Hidehiro; Ohye, Chihiro

    2002-10-01

    THE FIRST EUROPEANS to discover Japan were Portuguese traders who arrived in 1542. Fifteen years later, the Portuguese Jesuit priest and surgeon Luis De Almeida (1525-1583) founded the first Western hospital in Japan, for the care of lepers, syphilitics, and orphans. Because the hospital had a negative influence on the spread of Christianity, the Jesuits closed it in 1586. During the Tokugawa Shogunate (1600-1868), when Japan was secluded from the rest of the world, the only foreign physicians allowed to enter Japan were those employed by the Dutch factory at Dejima in Nagasaki. Only four of those physicians left behind seeds for the foundation of Western medicine in Japan, namely Caspar Schambergen, who founded a Japanese school of surgery in 1650; Engelbert Kämpfer, who visited Japan in 1691 to 1692; Carl Peter Thunberg, who botanically explored Japan in 1775 to 1776; and Philipp Franz Balthasar von Siebold, who practiced medicine in Nagasaki in 1823 to 1829 and 1859 to 1861. On the whole, Western medicine and surgery never established a real foothold in Japan until the fall of the shogunate and the restoration of the emperor in 1868.

  13. Evaluation of diclofenac prodrugs for enhancing transdermal delivery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lobo, Shabbir; Li, Henan; Farhan, Nashid; Yan, Guang

    2014-03-01

    Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the approach of using diclofenac acid (DA) prodrugs for enhancing transdermal delivery. Methanol diclofenac ester (MD), ethylene glycol diclofenac ester (ED), glycerol diclofenac ester (GD) and 1,3-propylene glycol diclofenac ester (PD) were synthesized and evaluated for their physicochemical properties such as solubilities, octanol/water partition coefficients, stratum corneum/water partition coefficients, hydrolysis rates and bioconversion rates. In vitro fluxes across human epidermal membrane (HEM) in the Franz diffusion cell were determined on DA-, MD-, ED-, GD- and PD-saturated aqueous solutions. The formation of GD and ED led to the prodrugs with higher aqueous solubilities and lower partition coefficients than those of the parent drug. Prodrugs with improved aqueous solubility showed better fluxes across HEM in aqueous solution than that of the parent drug, with GD showing the highest aqueous solubility and also the highest flux. There is a linear relationship between the aqueous solubility and flux for DA, ED and PD, but GD and MD deviated from the linear line. Diclofenac prodrugs with improved hydrophilicity than the parent drug could be utilized for enhancing transdermal diclofenac delivery.

  14. Evaluation of Diclofenac Prodrugs for Enhancing Transdermal Delivery

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lobo, Shabbir; Li, Henan; Farhan, Nashid; Yan, Guang

    2016-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the approach of using diclofenac acid (DA) prodrugs for enhancing transdermal delivery. Methanol diclofenac ester (MD), ethylene glycol diclofenac ester (ED), glycerol diclofenac ester (GD), and 1,3-propylene glycol diclofenac ester (PD) were synthesized and evaluated for their physicochemical properties such as solubilities, octanol/water partition coefficients, stratum corneum/water partition coefficients, hydrolysis rates, and bioconversion rates. In vitro fluxes across human epidermal membrane (HEM) in Franz diffusion cell were determined on DA, MD, ED, GD, and PD saturated aqueous solutions. The formation of GD and ED led to the prodrugs with higher aqueous solubilities and lower partition coefficients than those of the parent drug. Prodrugs with improved aqueous solubility showed better fluxes across HEM in aqueous solution than that of the parent drug, with GD showing the highest aqueous solubility and also the highest flux. There is a linear relationship between the aqueous solubility and flux for DA, ED and PD, but GD and MD deviated from the linear line. Overall, diclofenac prodrugs with improved hydrophilicity than the parent drug could be utilized for enhancing transdermal diclofenac delivery. PMID:24517636

  15. Melanie Ulz: Auf dem Schlachtfeld des Empire. Männlichkeitskonzepte in der Bildproduktion zu Napoleons Ägyptenfeldzug. Marburg: Jonas Verlag 2008.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wolfgang Schmale

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available Der Ägyptenfeldzug Napoleons am Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts wurde im Nachhinein bildpublizistisch extensiv aufgearbeitet. Diese Publizistik wird von Melanie Ulz unter dem Gesichtspunkt dargestellter und sich wandelnder Männlichkeitskonzepte untersucht. Zentral entfaltet sich in den Visualisierungen der später so genannte „Orientalismus“. Dem europäischen/französischen Mann und Krieger wird der orientalische Mann als multivalentes und kulturell unterlegenes Wesen gegenübergestellt. Bei aller Subtilität der Kunst handelt es sich im Kern um die Gegenüberstellung von Stereotypen. Ulz kann in ihrer Studie überzeugend den sexuierten Subtext des Orientalismus nachweisen.Napoleon’s Campaign of Egypt at the end of the 18th century had afterwards been worked with and addressed in graphical media extensively. Melanie Ulz analyzes these media in respect to expressed as well as changing concepts of masculinity. The visualizations essentially display what has later been called “Orientalism”. The European/ French man and warrior is opposed to the Oriental man, who is depicted as multivalent and culturally inferior. Despite the subtlety of the art, the works basically deal with the opposition of stereotypes. Ulz manages to convincingly prove the sexualized subtext of Orientalism.

  16. The effect of n- and p-type doping on coherent phonons in GaN.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ishioka, Kunie; Kato, Keiko; Ohashi, Naoki; Haneda, Hajime; Kitajima, Masahiro; Petek, Hrvoje

    2013-05-22

    The effect of doping on the carrier-phonon interaction in wurtzite GaN is investigated by pump-probe reflectivity measurements using 3.1 eV light in near resonance with the fundamental band gap of 3.39 eV. Coherent modulations of the reflectivity due to the E2 and A1(LO) modes, as well as the 2A1(LO) overtone are observed. Doping of acceptor and donor atoms enhances the dephasing of the polar A1(LO) phonon via coupling with plasmons, with the effect of donors being stronger. Doping also enhances the relative amplitude of the coherent A1(LO) phonon with respect to that of the high-frequency E2 phonon, though it does not affect the relative intensity in Raman spectroscopic measurements. We attribute this enhanced coherent amplitude to the transient depletion field screening (TDFS) excitation mechanism, which, in addition to impulsive stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS), contributes to the generation of coherent polar phonons even for sub-band gap excitation. Because the TDFS mechanism requires photoexcitation of carriers, we argue that the interband transition is made possible at a surface with photon energies below the bulk band gap through the Franz-Keldysh effect.

  17. Electrical and Thermal Conductivity and Conduction Mechanism of Ge2Sb2Te5 Alloy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lan, Rui; Endo, Rie; Kuwahara, Masashi; Kobayashi, Yoshinao; Susa, Masahiro

    2018-06-01

    Ge2Sb2Te5 alloy has drawn much attention due to its application in phase-change random-access memory and potential as a thermoelectric material. Electrical and thermal conductivity are important material properties in both applications. The aim of this work is to investigate the temperature dependence of the electrical and thermal conductivity of Ge2Sb2Te5 alloy and discuss the thermal conduction mechanism. The electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity of Ge2Sb2Te5 alloy were measured from room temperature to 823 K by four-terminal and hot-strip method, respectively. With increasing temperature, the electrical resistivity increased while the thermal conductivity first decreased up to about 600 K then increased. The electronic component of the thermal conductivity was calculated from the Wiedemann-Franz law using the resistivity results. At room temperature, Ge2Sb2Te5 alloy has large electronic thermal conductivity and low lattice thermal conductivity. Bipolar diffusion contributes more to the thermal conductivity with increasing temperature. The special crystallographic structure of Ge2Sb2Te5 alloy accounts for the thermal conduction mechanism.

  18. Ex vivo permeation of carprofen from nanoparticles: A comprehensive study through human, porcine and bovine skin as anti-inflammatory agent.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Parra, Alexander; Clares, Beatriz; Rosselló, Ana; Garduño-Ramírez, María L; Abrego, Guadalupe; García, María L; Calpena, Ana C

    2016-03-30

    The purpose of this study was the development of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) for the dermal delivery of carprofen (CP). The developed nanovehicle was then lyophilized using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) as cryoprotectant. The ex vivo permeation profiles were evaluated using Franz diffusion cells using three different types of skin membranes: human, porcine and bovine. Furthermore, biomechanical properties of skin (trans-epidermal water loss and skin hydration) were tested. Finally, the in vivo skin irritation and the anti-inflammatory efficacy were also assayed. Results demonstrated the achievement of NPs 187.32 nm sized with homogeneous distribution, negatively charged surface (-23.39 mV) and high CP entrapment efficiency (75.38%). Permeation studies showed similar diffusion values between human and porcine skins and higher for bovine. No signs of skin irritation were observed in rabbits. Topically applied NPs significantly decreased in vivo inflammation compared to the reference drug in a TPA-induced mouse ear edema model. Thus, it was concluded that NPs containing CP may be a useful tool for the dermal treatment of local inflammation. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  19. Electrical and thermoelectric transport properties of two-dimensional fermionic systems with k-cubic spin-orbit coupling.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mawrie, Alestin; Verma, Sonu; Ghosh, Tarun Kanti

    2017-09-01

    We investigate effect of k-cubic spin-orbit interaction on electrical and thermoelectric transport properties of two-dimensional fermionic systems. We obtain exact analytical expressions of the inverse relaxation time (IRT) and the Drude conductivity for long-range Coulomb and short-range delta scattering potentials. The IRT reveals that the scattering is completely suppressed along the three directions θ = (2n+1)π/3 with n=1,2,3. We also obtain analytical results of the thermopower and thermal conductivity at low temperature. The thermoelectric transport coefficients obey the Wiedemann-Franz law, even in the presence of k-cubic Rashba spin-orbit interaction (RSOI) at low temperature. In the presence of quantizing magnetic field, the signature of the RSOI is revealed through the appearance of the beating pattern in the Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations of thermopower and thermal conductivity in low magnetic field regime. The empirical formulae for the SdH oscillation frequencies accurately describe the locations of the beating nodes. The beating pattern in magnetothermoelectric measurement can be used to extract the spin-orbit coupling constant. © 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd.

  20. Electrical and thermoelectric transport properties of two-dimensional fermionic systems with k-cubic spin-orbit coupling

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mawrie, Alestin; Verma, Sonu; Kanti Ghosh, Tarun

    2017-11-01

    We investigate the effect of k-cubic spin-orbit interaction on the electrical and thermoelectric transport properties of two-dimensional fermionic systems. We obtain exact analytical expressions of the inverse relaxation time (IRT) and the Drude conductivity for long-range Coulomb and short-range delta scattering potentials. The IRT reveals that the scattering is completely suppressed along the three directions θ^\\prime = (2n+1)π/3 with n=1, 2, 3 . We also obtain analytical results of the thermopower and thermal conductivity at low temperature. The thermoelectric transport coefficients obey the Wiedemann-Franz law, even in the presence of k-cubic Rashba spin-orbit interaction (RSOI) at low temperature. In the presence of a quantizing magnetic field, the signature of the RSOI is revealed through the appearance of the beating pattern in the Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations of thermopower and thermal conductivity in the low magnetic field regime. The empirical formulae for the SdH oscillation frequencies accurately describe the locations of the beating nodes. The beating pattern in magnetothermoelectric measurement can be used to extract the spin-orbit coupling constant.