Five Contemporary Novelists' Views of Growing Up Turkish in the 1980s: A Literary Sociology. Occasional Papers. Turkish Studies Series Number Five.

Science.gov (United States)

Stone, Frank Andrews

Literary sociology is a multifaceted process of analyzing texts. It moves beyond traditional literary criticism to incorporate such varied approaches as: appreciating literary schemata; textual analysis; seeking form, sound, and content regularities; examining the lasting values of the work; and contemplating the reader's own authentic life-world…

Cognitive Metaphors Used in Colombian Sign Language in Five Autobiographical Stories and the Image Schemata They Are Related to

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yenny Rodríguez Hernández

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This paper reports the results of an exploratory study whose purpose was to identify and characterize the metaphors in a sample of five videos in Colombian sign language (in Spanish, lsc.The data were analyzed using theoretical contributions from Lakoff and Johnson’s theories (1980 about cognitive metaphors and image schemata, and from Wilcox (2000 and Taub (2001 on double mapping in sign language. The results show a frequency analysis of image schemata and the metaphors present into metaphorical expressions in five autobiographical narratives by five congenital deaf adults. The study concludes that sign language has cognitive metaphors that let deaf people map from a concrete domain to an abstract one in order to build concepts.

Exploring Content Schemata Influence on L2 Reading: The Hunted Fox and Twelve and Not Stupid

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Amizura Hanadi Mohd Radzi

2014-10-01

Full Text Available This paper will discuss the aspects of content schemata in second language reading among diploma level students who were taking a reading course in Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis. In this qualitative case study, the researcher had selected two short stories that are categorized as content-familiar texts, i.e. The Hunted Fox and Twelve and Not Stupid. Six participants were asked to write a 150-word entry response on the short story and a grading criteria was used to assess the participants’ level of comprehension. An in-depth interview was also conducted on each participant. The entry responses and the interview patterns were analyzed to determine whether content schemata had contributed to the learners’ understanding of the text. This study discovered that content schemata had contributed to the learners’ understanding of the text because the learners’ comprehension was facilitated by their background knowledge on the content-familiar texts.

Dealing with behavioral ambiguity in textual process descriptions

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Aa, Han; Leopold, Henrik; Reijers, Hajo A.

2016-01-01

Textual process descriptions are widely used in organizations since they can be created and understood by virtually everyone. The inherent ambiguity of natural language, however, impedes the automated analysis of textual process descriptions. While human readers can use their context knowledge to

Pictorial, Textual, and Picto-Textual Glosses in E-Reading: A Comparative Study

Science.gov (United States)

Shalmani, Hamed Babaie; Sabet, Masoud Khalili

2010-01-01

This research explored the effects of three types of multimedia glosses on the reading comprehension of learners in an EFL context. From among the three experimental groups under study, one received treatment on five academic reading passages through picto-textual glosses where both textual definitions and relevant images of words popped up, thus…

Schema activation through pre-reading activities: teaching proverbs in L2 = A ativação da schemata através de atividades de pré-leitura: ensinando provérbios em L2

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Salbego, Nayara

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Embora os educadores estejam conscientes de que o uso de atividades de pré-leitura podem ativar a schemata dos alunos e, portanto, melhorar o processo de leitura numa língua estrangeira (por exemplo, Aebersold, Field, 2007, Johnson,1982; Langer, 1981, o planejamento de uma atividade de pré-leitura eficaz pode representar um desafio. Neste artigo, discutimos como as schematas dos alunos sobre os provérbios podem ser ativadas através de atividades de pré- leitura, promovendo a sensibilização da estrutura textual (por exemplo, Grabe; Stoller, 2011 e explorando aspectos culturais incorporados em provérbios em sua(s primeira(s língua(s. Este estudo propõe uma atividade de pré-leitura para o ensino de provérbios em língua portuguesa como língua adicional num contexto multilingue, no qual é exigida uma interferência mínima do professor e se promove a interação dialógica entre os alunos. A atividade foi aplicada numa turma intermédia de alunos de português em uma universidade americana. A atividade de pré-leitura foi projetada para ajudar os alunos a estabelecer bases bem fundamentadas antes de encontrarem provérbios em português, tanto em perspectivas formais como de conteúdo. Este estudo também analisa o feedback dos alunos, coletados em uma pesquisa online. A análise mostra uma resposta esmagadoramente positiva à atividade de pré-leitura

Safety in numbers 7: Veni, vidi, duci: a grounded theory evaluation of nursing students' medication dosage calculation problem-solving schemata construction.

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Weeks, Keith W; Higginson, Ray; Clochesy, John M; Coben, Diana

2013-03-01

This paper evaluates nursing students' transition through schemata construction and competence development in medication dosage calculation problem-solving (MDC-PS). We advance a grounded theory from interview data that reflects the experiences and perceptions of two groups of undergraduate pre-registration nursing students: eight students exposed to a prototype authentic MDC-PS environment and didactic transmission methods of education and 15 final year students exposed to the safeMedicate authentic MDC-PS environment. We advance a theory of how classroom-based 'chalk and talk' didactic transmission environments offered multiple barriers to accurate MDC-PS schemata construction among novice students. While conversely it was universally perceived by all students that authentic learning and assessment environments enabled MDC-PS schemata construction through facilitating: 'seeing' the authentic features of medication dosage problems; context-based and situational learning; learning within a scaffolded environment that supported construction of cognitive links between the concrete world of clinical MDC-PS and the abstract world of mathematics; and confidence-building in their cognitive and functional competence ability. Drawing on the principle of veni, vidi, duci (I came, I saw, I calculated), we combined the two sets of evaluations to offer a grounded theoretical basis for schemata construction and competence development within this critical domain of professional practice. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

TRANS-TEXTUALIZATION AND CARNIVALIZATION IN "WHISTLER," BY ONDJAKI

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Karine Miranda Campos

2013-04-01

Full Text Available This article aims to observe the phenomenon of carnivalization and trans­textuality the novel The Whistler, the Angolan writer Ondjaki. Comprise the theoretical analysis of Bakhtin’s theory on carnivalization and its im­portance for social subversion of monologic discourse established by of­ficial bodies, the theory of Gérard Genette on transtextuality pointing five possible textual relationships. An understanding of the theories and car­nivalization transtextuality pervades the concepts of animism and taboo presented the theory of Sigmund Freud.

Schemata-Building Role of Teaching Word History in Developing Reading Comprehension Ability

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Gholam-reza Abbasian

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Methodologically, vocabulary instruction has faced significant ups and downs during the history of language education; sometimes integrated with the other elements of language network, other times tackled as a separate component. Among many variables supposedly affecting vocabulary achievement, the role of teaching word history, as a schemata-building strategy, in developing reading comprehension has received the least, if not any, attention. This study was an attempt, in fact, to explore the possibility of an integration of word history and reading comprehension ability of a group (No=100 of Iranian intermediate EFL learners. To conduct the study, 60/100 participants, identified as homogeneous members based on the Comprehensive English Language Test (CELT, were randomly divided them into two groups; an experimental and a control group. They were exposed to a teacher-made pretest and a post-test to check the participants' knowledge of word history and reading comprehension ability prior and posterior to the experiment. Pertinent statistical analyses proved that teaching word history plays both statistically and affectively, through enhancing motivation and attitude, meaningful schemata-building role in developing reading ability. Pedagogically, resort to word history may then be suggested as an effective and affective mechanism as far as teaching language skills, in particular reading, is concerned.

Big Textual Data in Transportation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Beheshti-Kashi, Samaneh; Buch, Rasmus Brødsgaard; Lachaize, Maxime

2018-01-01

applications have been converting to utilizable and meaningful insights. However, prior to this, the availability of textual sources relevant for logistics and transportation has to be examined. Accordingly, the identification of potential textual sources and their evaluation in terms of extraction barriers...

Of a Village Bomoh and the Lottery: Content Schemata Influence on Second Language Reading

Science.gov (United States)

Radzi, Amizura Hanadi Mohd.; Aziz, Noor Hashima Abd.

2013-01-01

This paper discusses a study on the aspects of content schemata in second language reading, focusing on two contemporary short stories, i.e. "A Quid of Sirih, A Bowl of Water" and "The Lottery." The study explores the cognitive processes of one UiTM Perlis degree level student, reflecting on his L2 reading processes. The…

Connecting textual segments

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brügger, Niels

2017-01-01

history than just the years of the emergence of the web, the chapter traces the history of how segments of text have deliberately been connected to each other by the use of specific textual and media features, from clay tablets, manuscripts on parchment, and print, among others, to hyperlinks on stand......In “Connecting textual segments: A brief history of the web hyperlink” Niels Brügger investigates the history of one of the most fundamental features of the web: the hyperlink. Based on the argument that the web hyperlink is best understood if it is seen as another step in a much longer and broader...

Second Language Incidental Vocabulary Learning: The Effect of Online Textual, Pictorial, and Textual Pictorial Glosses

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Shahrokni, Seyyed Abdollah

2009-01-01

This empirical study investigates the effect of online textual, pictorial, and textual pictorial glosses on the incidental vocabulary learning of 90 adult elementary Iranian EFL learners. The participants were selected from a pool of 140 volunteers based on their performance on an English placement test as well as a knowledge test of the target…

Inventions on presenting textual items in Graphical User Interface

OpenAIRE

Mishra, Umakant

2014-01-01

Although a GUI largely replaces textual descriptions by graphical icons, the textual items are not completely removed. The textual items are inevitably used in window titles, message boxes, help items, menu items and popup items. Textual items are necessary for communicating messages that are beyond the limitation of graphical messages. However, it is necessary to harness the textual items on the graphical interface in such a way that they complement each other to produce the best effect. One...

Exploring Content Schemata Influence on L2 Reading: "The Hunted Fox" and "Twelve and Not Stupid"

Science.gov (United States)

Radzi, Amizura Hanadi Mohd; Aziz, Noor Hashima Abd

2014-01-01

This paper will discuss the aspects of content schemata in second language reading among diploma level students who were taking a reading course in Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis. In this qualitative case study, the researcher had selected two short stories that are categorized as content-familiar texts, i.e. "The Hunted Fox" and…

The Instructional Text like a Textual Genre

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Adiane Fogali Marinello

2011-07-01

Full Text Available This article analyses the instructional text as a textual genre and is part of the research called Reading and text production from the textual genre perspective, done at Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Campus Universitário da Região dos Vinhedos. Firstly, some theoretical assumptions about textual genre are presented, then, the instructional text is characterized. After that an instructional text is analyzed and, finally, some activities related to reading and writing of the mentioned genre directed to High School and University students are suggested.

La busqueda textual por computadora (Textual Search by Computer)

Science.gov (United States)

Davison, Ned J.

1977-01-01

Describes the use of the computer program EDIT for textual searches to locate a certain programmed word or word root. In the examples explained here, the vocabulary search is performed on poetry and allows examination of the metaphorical and conceptual poetic atmosphere achieved through word use. (Text is in Spanish.) (CHK)

An analysis for understanding the process of textual deconstruction as a motivator for learning

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Ana Delia Barrera Jiménez

2010-03-01

Full Text Available The present article aims to analyze the potential of the process of textual understanding and construction, for the development of motivation towards learning in teacher trainees for Preuniversities. In this direction it advocates in the first place, to understand the dynamic relationship established between the process of textual attribution and production and the motivational one, which provides the indispensable condition for promoting the work with the text from all the subjects in the curriculum.

Spatio-textual search on Spark

OpenAIRE

Kloster, Tord

2017-01-01

The amount of spatially aware data is growing at a rapid rate, and challenges both processing and organizing such data is in focus in the scientific world and the industry. But spatial data seldom exists alone, usually accompanied by some form of textual property. The challenges increase as we attempt to process the spatio-textual documents that are created, and the usage of Big Data platforms become a necessity. This paper provides an insight into different approaches on how to meet the spat...

Recognizing Textual Entailment: Challenges in the Portuguese Language

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Gil Rocha

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Recognizing textual entailment comprises the task of determining semantic entailment relations between text fragments. A text fragment entails another text fragment if, from the meaning of the former, one can infer the meaning of the latter. If such relation is bidirectional, then we are in the presence of a paraphrase. Automatically recognizing textual entailment relations captures major semantic inference needs in several natural language processing (NLP applications. As in many NLP tasks, textual entailment corpora for English abound, while the same is not true for more resource-scarce languages such as Portuguese. Exploiting what seems to be the only Portuguese corpus for textual entailment and paraphrases (the ASSIN corpus, in this paper, we address the task of automatically recognizing textual entailment (RTE and paraphrases from text written in the Portuguese language, by employing supervised machine learning techniques. We employ lexical, syntactic and semantic features, and analyze the impact of using semantic-based approaches in the performance of the system. We then try to take advantage of the bi-dialect nature of ASSIN to compensate its limited size. With the same aim, we explore modeling the task of recognizing textual entailment and paraphrases as a binary classification problem by considering the bidirectional nature of paraphrases as entailment relationships. Addressing the task as a multi-class classification problem, we achieve results in line with the winner of the ASSIN Challenge. In addition, we conclude that semantic-based approaches are promising in this task, and that combining data from European and Brazilian Portuguese is less straightforward than it may initially seem. The binary classification modeling of the problem does not seem to bring advantages to the original multi-class model, despite the outstanding results obtained by the binary classifier for recognizing textual entailments.

Experiential thinking in creationism--a textual analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Nieminen, Petteri; Ryökäs, Esko; Mustonen, Anne-Mari

2015-01-01

Creationism is a religiously motivated worldview in denial of biological evolution that has been very resistant to change. We performed a textual analysis by examining creationist and pro-evolutionary texts for aspects of "experiential thinking", a cognitive process different from scientific thought. We observed characteristics of experiential thinking as follows: testimonials (present in 100% of sampled creationist texts), such as quotations, were a major form of proof. Confirmation bias (100% of sampled texts) was represented by ignoring or dismissing information that would contradict the creationist hypothesis. Scientifically irrelevant or flawed information was re-interpreted as relevant for the falsification of evolution (75-90% of sampled texts). Evolutionary theory was associated to moral issues by demonizing scientists and linking evolutionary theory to atrocities (63-93% of sampled texts). Pro-evolutionary rebuttals of creationist claims also contained testimonials (93% of sampled texts) and referred to moral implications (80% of sampled texts) but displayed lower prevalences of stereotypical thinking (47% of sampled texts), confirmation bias (27% of sampled texts) and pseudodiagnostics (7% of sampled texts). The aspects of experiential thinking could also be interpreted as argumentative fallacies. Testimonials lead, for instance, to ad hominem and appeals to authorities. Confirmation bias and simplification of data give rise to hasty generalizations and false dilemmas. Moral issues lead to guilt by association and appeals to consequences. Experiential thinking and fallacies can contribute to false beliefs and the persistence of the claims. We propose that science educators would benefit from the systematic analysis of experiential thinking patterns and fallacies in creationist texts and pro-evolutionary rebuttals in order to concentrate on scientific misconceptions instead of the scientifically irrelevant aspects of the creationist-evolutionist debate.

Punctuation as readability and textuality factor in technical discourse

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Carmen Sancho Guinda

2002-04-01

Full Text Available This paper studies the incidence of punctuation on the reading comprehension of technical discourse and its role as a factor of textuality. Starting out from the notions of textuality and punctuation functions formulated by different linguistic approaches, an analysis has been made to quantify the decoding skills and punctuating competence of 60 Aeronautical Engineering students, as well as to determine the nature and effects of their punctuation errors. The survey has been focused on the Full Stop, the comma and the hyphen due to their highly conflicting uses as regards the identification of immediate sentence constituents and semantic relationships. The results obtained suggest that most students have a poor knowledge of punctuation rules and little awareness of punctuation as a textual elementaffecting readability. Errors are in the main related to comma use and produced by transference, either of Spanish punctuating habits into English, or of individual prosodic patterns into writing, while meaning appears to be the prevailing punctuating criterion over sound and syntax. Punctuation proves an effective tool for the anticipation of implicit meanings and an untapped resource in the teaching of the diverse communicative and stylistic possibilities offered by technical texts.

Reading comprehension and textual consciousness on primary school

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Vera Wannmacher Pereira

2014-03-01

Full Text Available The difficulties on reading comprehension in the primary school are evidenced by several official exams applied. Given these statistics and the evidences obtained through academic research and observations on children’s performance during the school life, there is acknowledgment of the situation as a problem that requires further development and finding solutions. The Psycholinguistics is giving its contribution, especially regarding the role of linguistic consciousness on reading learning. Many studies have been conducted specifically focusing on phonological consciousness. Studies on syntactic consciousness are also found, although less than phonological ones. Regarding the role of textual consciousness, few initiatives considers the students of the primary school. This makes the author proposes as the heartland of this communication the textual consciousness with support predominantly on Gombert (1992, aiming to examine the relationship between this level of consciousness and learning to read. Based on recent studies (PEREIRA; SCLIAR-CABRAL, 2012, the author presents in this paper: a the analysis of the context of learning and teaching of reading; b a theoretical exposition about reading learning and textual consciousness; c the pedagogical referrals for education based on the interaction between these two topics; and d the development of reflections on the possibility of the proposed path contribute to the solution of the worrying problem on read learning by the primary schools students.

Textual Condensation in Printed Dictionaries. A Theoretical Draft ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This article presents an excerpt from a theory of lexicographic texts which deals particularly with dictionary articles. Almost all characteristics of dictionary articles considered as typically lexicographic may be regarded as results of textual condensation processes. A theory of textual condensation in lexicography thus makes it ...

Experiential Thinking in Creationism—A Textual Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Nieminen, Petteri; Ryökäs, Esko; Mustonen, Anne-Mari

2015-01-01

Creationism is a religiously motivated worldview in denial of biological evolution that has been very resistant to change. We performed a textual analysis by examining creationist and pro-evolutionary texts for aspects of “experiential thinking”, a cognitive process different from scientific thought. We observed characteristics of experiential thinking as follows: testimonials (present in 100% of sampled creationist texts), such as quotations, were a major form of proof. Confirmation bias (100% of sampled texts) was represented by ignoring or dismissing information that would contradict the creationist hypothesis. Scientifically irrelevant or flawed information was re-interpreted as relevant for the falsification of evolution (75–90% of sampled texts). Evolutionary theory was associated to moral issues by demonizing scientists and linking evolutionary theory to atrocities (63–93% of sampled texts). Pro-evolutionary rebuttals of creationist claims also contained testimonials (93% of sampled texts) and referred to moral implications (80% of sampled texts) but displayed lower prevalences of stereotypical thinking (47% of sampled texts), confirmation bias (27% of sampled texts) and pseudodiagnostics (7% of sampled texts). The aspects of experiential thinking could also be interpreted as argumentative fallacies. Testimonials lead, for instance, to ad hominem and appeals to authorities. Confirmation bias and simplification of data give rise to hasty generalizations and false dilemmas. Moral issues lead to guilt by association and appeals to consequences. Experiential thinking and fallacies can contribute to false beliefs and the persistence of the claims. We propose that science educators would benefit from the systematic analysis of experiential thinking patterns and fallacies in creationist texts and pro-evolutionary rebuttals in order to concentrate on scientific misconceptions instead of the scientifically irrelevant aspects of the creationist�

Experiential thinking in creationism--a textual analysis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Petteri Nieminen

Full Text Available Creationism is a religiously motivated worldview in denial of biological evolution that has been very resistant to change. We performed a textual analysis by examining creationist and pro-evolutionary texts for aspects of "experiential thinking", a cognitive process different from scientific thought. We observed characteristics of experiential thinking as follows: testimonials (present in 100% of sampled creationist texts, such as quotations, were a major form of proof. Confirmation bias (100% of sampled texts was represented by ignoring or dismissing information that would contradict the creationist hypothesis. Scientifically irrelevant or flawed information was re-interpreted as relevant for the falsification of evolution (75-90% of sampled texts. Evolutionary theory was associated to moral issues by demonizing scientists and linking evolutionary theory to atrocities (63-93% of sampled texts. Pro-evolutionary rebuttals of creationist claims also contained testimonials (93% of sampled texts and referred to moral implications (80% of sampled texts but displayed lower prevalences of stereotypical thinking (47% of sampled texts, confirmation bias (27% of sampled texts and pseudodiagnostics (7% of sampled texts. The aspects of experiential thinking could also be interpreted as argumentative fallacies. Testimonials lead, for instance, to ad hominem and appeals to authorities. Confirmation bias and simplification of data give rise to hasty generalizations and false dilemmas. Moral issues lead to guilt by association and appeals to consequences. Experiential thinking and fallacies can contribute to false beliefs and the persistence of the claims. We propose that science educators would benefit from the systematic analysis of experiential thinking patterns and fallacies in creationist texts and pro-evolutionary rebuttals in order to concentrate on scientific misconceptions instead of the scientifically irrelevant aspects of the creationist

Shifting Norms and Expectations for Medical School Leaders: A Textual Analysis of Career Advertisements 2000-2004 cf. 2010-2014

Science.gov (United States)

Gorsky, Diane; MacLeod, Anna

2016-01-01

Leadership norms and expectations are continually evolving in higher education. Medical education is no exception to that trend, but shifts over time are intangible and difficult to measure. To explore emerging changes, the authors conducted a textual analysis of published career advertisements from 2000-2004 and 2010-2014. While a number of…

Reconsidering the Rhizome: A Textual Analysis of Web Search Engines as Gatekeepers of the Internet

Science.gov (United States)

Hess, A.

Critical theorists have often drawn from Deleuze and Guattari's notion of the rhizome when discussing the potential of the Internet. While the Internet may structurally appear as a rhizome, its day-to-day usage by millions via search engines precludes experiencing the random interconnectedness and potential democratizing function. Through a textual analysis of four search engines, I argue that Web searching has grown hierarchies, or "trees," that organize data in tracts of knowledge and place users in marketing niches rather than assist in the development of new knowledge.

Analyzing textual databases using data mining to enable fast product development processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Menon, Rakesh; Tong, Loh Han; Sathiyakeerthi, S.

2005-01-01

Currently, companies active in the design of high-tech products are confronted with a number of, often conflicting, challenges. Not only do they have to develop increasingly complex products in ever-shorter amounts of time but they also have to produce them cheaply for the local as well as global markets. In order to manage these conflicting trends adequately, as this paper will demonstrate, companies need to have high quality information at the right moment and at the right location. This serves as the motivation of this paper in which various databases within the product life cycle are examined. Due to the fact that unanticipated information plays a more and more dominant role, especially in highly innovative business processes, we focus our attention on textual databases since textual databases offer the best possibility to handle unanticipated free-formatted information. Also their treatment in the literature has thus far been scant. As will be demonstrated in this paper these databases have a huge potential for valuable information. Further, an analysis tool, data mining that could be used to analyse these textual databases so that we could extract information from them quickly and hence be able to access them at the right time when needed, is presented. We also highlight some of the difficulties faced when analyzing textual databases. Thus with the right information from the textual databases and the tools to deliver this information at the right time companies, would definitely be able to shorten development times and hence gain a competitive edge

Exploratory analysis of textual data from the Mother and Child Handbook using a text mining method (II): Monthly changes in the words recorded by mothers.

Science.gov (United States)

Tagawa, Miki; Matsuda, Yoshio; Manaka, Tomoko; Kobayashi, Makiko; Ohwada, Michitaka; Matsubara, Shigeki

2017-01-01

The aim of the study was to examine the possibility of converting subjective textual data written in the free column space of the Mother and Child Handbook (MCH) into objective information using text mining and to compare any monthly changes in the words written by the mothers. Pregnant women without complications (n = 60) were divided into two groups according to State-Trait Anxiety Inventory grade: low trait anxiety (group I, n = 39) and high trait anxiety (group II, n = 21). Exploratory analysis of the textual data from the MCH was conducted by text mining using the Word Miner software program. Using 1203 structural elements extracted after processing, a comparison of monthly changes in the words used in the mothers' comments was made between the two groups. The data was mainly analyzed by a correspondence analysis. The structural elements in groups I and II were divided into seven and six clusters, respectively, by cluster analysis. Correspondence analysis revealed clear monthly changes in the words used in the mothers' comments as the pregnancy progressed in group I, whereas the association was not clear in group II. The text mining method was useful for exploratory analysis of the textual data obtained from pregnant women, and the monthly change in the words used in the mothers' comments as pregnancy progressed differed according to their degree of unease. © 2016 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Interpretive analysis of the textual codes in the Parrot and Merchant story

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zohreh Najafi

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Narratology is a brunch of semiology which considers any kind of narrative, literary or non literary, verbal or visual, story or non story and after this specifies the plot. One of the most important subjects in narratology is the interpretation of textual cods which based on can be understood a lot of hidden meanings. Molavi expresses a lot of mystic points in Mathnavi in narrative form which some of his ideas can be realized in the first study but these ideas aren’t all of subjects which he wants to say and a complex of different meaning is hidden in any narrative which can be revealed by consideration of cods.     In terminology of semiology, code is a special situation in historical process of all of indexes and signs which specified for synchronized analyze. In review of literary texts textual cods are more important. Textual cods are the cods which their ambit is more extended than few special text and links these texts to each other in an interpretational form. Aesthetic cods are a group of textual cods which are used in different arts like: poem, painting, theater, music and so on.       The style of expression of aesthetic cods is the same style of art and literature. In the review of Mathnavi's narratives paying attention to narrative cods and using them can be considered as paralinguistic signs. Narrative cods contain interpretational form which used by authors and commentators of texts. In the story of parrot and merchant the textual cods are as follows:   - Parrot: in this story parrot is a symbolic code which shows all of human soul's features.   - Merchant: in this story merchant act as a cultural code which indicates rich who always are solicitous about their finance and are unaware of spiritual world.    - India: in this story India as a signifier code indicates spiritual world. Hermeneutic cods   Molana uses codes which act as turning point and addressed can understand hidden meanings which haven�

Exploratory analysis of textual data from the Mother and Child Handbook using the text-mining method: Relationships with maternal traits and post-partum depression.

Science.gov (United States)

Matsuda, Yoshio; Manaka, Tomoko; Kobayashi, Makiko; Sato, Shuhei; Ohwada, Michitaka

2016-06-01

The aim of the present study was to examine the possibility of screening apprehensive pregnant women and mothers at risk for post-partum depression from an analysis of the textual data in the Mother and Child Handbook by using the text-mining method. Uncomplicated pregnant women (n = 58) were divided into two groups according to State-Trait Anxiety Inventory grade (high trait [group I, n = 21] and low trait [group II, n = 37]) or Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score (high score [group III, n = 15] and low score [group IV, n = 43]). An exploratory analysis of the textual data from the Maternal and Child Handbook was conducted using the text-mining method with the Word Miner software program. A comparison of the 'structure elements' was made between the two groups. The number of structure elements extracted by separated words from text data was 20 004 and the number of structure elements with a threshold of 2 or more as an initial value was 1168. Fifteen key words related to maternal anxiety, and six key words related to post-partum depression were extracted. The text-mining method is useful for the exploratory analysis of textual data obtained from pregnant woman, and this screening method has been suggested to be useful for apprehensive pregnant women and mothers at risk for post-partum depression. © 2016 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Self-plagiarism and textual recycling: legitimate forms of research misconduct.

Science.gov (United States)

Bruton, Samuel V

2014-01-01

The concept of self-plagiarism frequently elicits skepticism and generates confusion in the research ethics literature, and the ethical status of what is often called "textual recycling" is particularly controversial. I argue that, in general, self-plagiarism is unethical because it is deceptive and dishonest. I then distinguish several forms of it and argue against various common rationalizations for textual recycling. I conclude with a discussion of two instances of textual recycling, distinguishing them in terms of their ethical seriousness but concluding that both are ethically problematic.

Legitimate Textual Borrowing: Direct Quotation in L2 Student Writing

Science.gov (United States)

Petric, Bojana

2012-01-01

Using textual analysis and interviews with student writers, this study aims to provide an insight into second language students' use of direct quotations in their MA theses by comparing direct quotations in high-rated and low-rated Master's theses, and by exploring student writers' own motivations to quote directly from sources. The corpus…

Textual standardization and the DSM-5 "common language".

Science.gov (United States)

Kelly, Patty A

2014-06-01

In February 2010, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) launched their DSM-5 website with details about the development of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). The APA invited "the general public" to review the draft diagnostic criteria and provide written comments and suggestions. This revision marks the first time the APA has solicited public review of their diagnostic manual. This article analyzes reported speech on the DSM-5 draft diagnostic criteria for the classification Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. It demonstrates how textual standardization facilitates the cultural portability of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria such that a community of speakers beyond the borders of the APA come to be seen as exemplary speakers, writers, and revisers of the professional style. Furthermore, analysis shows how co-authoring practices recontextualize the "voice" and persona of putative patient reported speech on Criterion D2. As a consequence of textual standardization, spoken discourse becomes recontextualized as the product of scientific inquiry and the organization of psychiatric knowledge.

Beyond Sleep – a case study on textual instability and challenges for textual scholarship

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kegel, P.W.

2016-01-01

Although W.F. Hermans’ novel Nooit meer slapen (Beyond Sleep) has been published within the multi-volume Complete Works edition already in 2010, the work remains a challenge for textual scholarship. First published in 1966, it has been revised by the author many times. Next to that, the actual

Emotion models for textual emotion classification

Science.gov (United States)

Bruna, O.; Avetisyan, H.; Holub, J.

2016-11-01

This paper deals with textual emotion classification which gained attention in recent years. Emotion classification is used in user experience, product evaluation, national security, and tutoring applications. It attempts to detect the emotional content in the input text and based on different approaches establish what kind of emotional content is present, if any. Textual emotion classification is the most difficult to handle, since it relies mainly on linguistic resources and it introduces many challenges to assignment of text to emotion represented by a proper model. A crucial part of each emotion detector is emotion model. Focus of this paper is to introduce emotion models used for classification. Categorical and dimensional models of emotion are explained and some more advanced approaches are mentioned.

Investigating Differential Learning Outcomes of Students in Physics Using Animation and Textual Information Teaching Strategies in Ondo State Secondary School

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Blessing Eguabor

2017-06-01

Full Text Available BackgroundThe study investigated the main effects of animation information and textual information on students'performance and improving students' attitude towards physics.Material and methodsThe study adopted the pre-test post-test control group design. The population was made up of SSS 2 students inOndo State. Three Local Government Areas were randomly selected from the 18 Local Government Areas ofOndo State. Simple random technique was used to select three schools in the selected Local Government Areas.The schools were randomly assigned to two experimental groups namely animation and, textual informationstrategy and one control group. Two instruments were used for the study.ResultsOne-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA, Scheffe Post-Hoc pair-wise comparison Analysis, and two-way Analysisof Variance was used. The results showed that there was a significant main effect of animation and textual strategieson students performance in physics. The results also showed that there was a significant difference in the post testattitudinal score of students' exposed to the strategies with the effectiveness in the order of animation, textual, andconventional strategiesConclusionsThe study concluded that computer- based instruction such as animation and textual strategies could enhancelearning outcomes in Physics in senior secondary school irrespective of students' sex.

A Didatic Reflection on Distribution of Textual Genres to the Primary School

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João Bosco Figueiredo-Gomes

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Considering the interest on the studies about textual genre and its teaching in the three last decades, the present article presents a report of an analysis of collection of didactic books of Portuguese language of the Primary School II, which aimed at verifying if the didactic book enables a comprehension about different textual genres as for the student, in relation to the context and social use, as well as for the teacher, in relation to parameters in order to do an analysis and choice of didactic collection books. The theoretical methodological framework based mainly in the contributions of Interactionism Socio-discursive: Bronckart (1999, 2003 and Schneuwly and Dolz (2004; in the studies by Marcuschi (2002, 2008 and in the orientations about the teaching of mother language contained in the National Curriculum Guidelines – PCN (BRASIL, 1998. The results provided a reflection that offers param-eters to the analysis, choice and organization of didactic collections, as well as suggestions of pedagogic implementation towards the teaching of Portuguese language.

Técnicas aplicadas al reconocimiento de implicación textual.

OpenAIRE

Herrera, Jesús; Peñas, Anselmo; Verdejo, Felisa

2005-01-01

Tras establecer qué se entiende por implicación textual, se expone la situación actual y el futuro deseable de los sistemas dirigidos a reconocerla. Se realiza una identificación de las técnicas que implementan actualmente los principales sistemas de Reconocimiento de Implicación Textual.

How Well Do Student Nurses Write Case Studies? A Cohesion-Centered Textual Complexity Analysis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dascalu, Mihai; Dessus, Philippe; Thuez, Laurent; Trausan-Matu, Stefan

2017-01-01

Starting from the presumption that writing style is proven to be a reliable predictor of comprehension, this paper investigates the extent to which textual complexity features of nurse students’ essays are related to the scores they were given. Thus, forty essays about case studies on infectious

Analyzing Student Performance and Attitudes toward Textual versus Iconic Programming Languages

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Lin, Janet Mei-Chuen; Yang, Mei-Ching

2009-01-01

In this study half of 52 sixth graders learned to program in MSWLogo and the other half in Drape. An analysis of students' test scores revealed that Drape (an iconic language) seemed to have a steeper learning curve than MSWLogo (a textual language). However, as students gradually became more familiar with either language, the difference in…

Negative schemata about the self and others and paranoid ideation in at-risk states and those with persisting positive symptoms.

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Müller, Hendrik; de Millas, Walter; Gaebel, Wolfgang; Herrlich, Jutta; Hasan, Alkomiet; Janssen, Birgit; Juckel, Georg; Karow, Anne; Kircher, Tilo; Kiszkenow-Bäker, Stefanie; Klingberg, Stefan; Klosterkötter, Joachim; Krüger-Özgürdal, Seza; Lambert, Martin; Lautenschlager, Marion; Maier, Wolfgang; Michel, Tanja Maria; Mehl, Stefanie; Müller, Bernhard W; Pützfeld, Verena; Rausch, Franziska; Riedel, Michael; Sartory, Gudrun; Schneider, Frank; Wagner, Michael; Wiedemann, Georg; Wittorf, Andreas; Wobrock, Thomas; Wölwer, Wolfgang; Zink, Mathias; Bechdolf, Andreas

2017-05-19

The objective of this study is to test the conflicting theories concerning the association of negative self and other schemata and paranoid ideation. A risk-based approach, including risk stratification, is used to gain insight into the association of the negative self and other schemata that may be shared by individuals or differentiate between individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for a first-episode psychosis and those with full-blown psychosis. The dataset includes a sample of individuals at CHR (n = 137) and a sample of individuals with persisting positive symptoms (PPS, n = 211). The CHR sample was subdivided according to a prognostic index yielding 4 CHR sub-classes with increasing risk for transition to psychosis. Negative beliefs about the self were associated with paranoid ideation in CHR and a lower risk state. In the highest risk state and full-blown psychosis, there is an association with negative beliefs about others. These findings are in line with theories suggesting a switch from a predominantly activated negative self-schema to a malevolent others-schema in association with paranoid ideation along the risk-continuum. However, due to methodological limitations these results should be replicated by future studies. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

Classifying unstructed textual data using the Product Score Model: an alternative text mining algorithm

NARCIS (Netherlands)

He, Qiwei; Veldkamp, Bernard P.; Eggen, T.J.H.M.; Veldkamp, B.P.

2012-01-01

Unstructured textual data such as students’ essays and life narratives can provide helpful information in educational and psychological measurement, but often contain irregularities and ambiguities, which creates difficulties in analysis. Text mining techniques that seek to extract useful

Textual appropriation in engineering master's theses: a preliminary study.

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Eckel, Edward J

2011-09-01

In the thesis literature review, an engineering graduate student is expected to place original research in the context of previous work by other researchers. However, for some students, particularly those for whom English is a second language, the literature review may be a mixture of original writing and verbatim source text appropriated without quotations. Such problematic use of source material leaves students vulnerable to an accusation of plagiarism, which carries severe consequences. Is such textual appropriation common in engineering master's writing? Furthermore, what, if anything, can be concluded when two texts have been found to have textual material in common? Do existing definitions of plagiarism provide a sufficient framework for determining if an instance of copying is transgressive or not? In a preliminary attempt to answer these questions, text strings from a random sample of 100 engineering master's theses from the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database were searched for appropriated verbatim source text using the Google search engine. The results suggest that textual borrowing may indeed be a common feature of the master's engineering literature review, raising questions about the ability of graduate students to synthesize the literature. The study also illustrates the difficulties of making a determination of plagiarism based on simple textual similarity. A context-specific approach is recommended when dealing with any instance of apparent copying.

Chawton Novels Online, Women’s Writing 1751-1834 and Computer-Aided Textual Analysis

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Anne Bandry-Scubbi

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Using Chawton House Library’s “Novels Online,” several corpora have been set up for a computer-aided textual analysis of the use of vocabulary by women writing “domestic novels” from 1752 to 1834. This corpus stylistics approach makes it possible to map texts according to their word usage and to identify quantitative keywords which provide vocabulary profiles through comparison and contrast with contemporary male and female canonical texts. Items identified include pronouns, markers of dialogue and of intensity; others can be grouped into specific lexical fields such as feelings. One text from the collection then forms the object of a case-study to explore a paradox: although Jane Taylor’s use of vocabulary in her 1817 Rachel appears the most representative of the corpus made up of 42 novels by women, this Chawton text has been called “a highly original tale.” Methodology and findings are both presented to address the challenge of identifying features which constitute typicality.

Use of a Modified Chaining Procedure with Textual Prompts to Establish Intraverbal Storytelling

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Valentino, Amber L.; Conine, Daniel E.; Delfs, Caitlin H.; Furlow, Christopher M.

2015-01-01

Echoic, tact, and textual transfer procedures have been proven successful in establishing simple intraverbals (Braam and Poling "Applied Research in Mental Retardation," 4, 279-302, 1983; Luciano "Applied Research in Mental Retardation," 102, 346-357, 1986; Watkins et al. "The Analysis of Verbal Behavior," 7, 69-81,…

Use of a Modified Chaining Procedure with Textual Prompts to Establish Intraverbal Storytelling.

Science.gov (United States)

Valentino, Amber L; Conine, Daniel E; Delfs, Caitlin H; Furlow, Christopher M

2015-06-01

Echoic, tact, and textual transfer procedures have been proven successful in establishing simple intraverbals (Braam and Poling Applied Research in Mental Retardation, 4, 279-302, 1983; Luciano Applied Research in Mental Retardation, 102, 346-357, 1986; Watkins et al. The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 7, 69-81, 1989). However, these strategies may be ineffective for some children due to the complexity of the targeted intraverbals. The current study investigated the use of a novel procedure which included a modified chaining procedure and textual prompts to establish intraverbal behavior in the form of telling short stories. Visual prompts and rule statements were used with some of the participants in order to produce the desired behavior change. Results indicated that the procedure was effective for teaching retelling of short stories in three children with autism.

Effects of pictures and textual arguments in sun protection public service announcements.

Science.gov (United States)

Boer, Henk; Ter Huurne, Ellen; Taal, Erik

2006-01-01

The effect of public service announcements aimed at promoting primary prevention of skin cancer may be limited by superficial cognitive processing. The use of both pictures and textual arguments in sun protection public service announcements were evaluated for their potentially beneficial effects on judgment, cognitive processing and persuasiveness. In a 2 x 2 factorial experimental design individuals were shown public service announcements that advocated the advantages of sun protection measures in different versions in which a picture was present or not present and a textual argument was present or not present. The 159 participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions. In each condition, participants were shown 12 different public service announcements designed according to the condition. Participants judged each public service announcement on attractiveness, credibility, clarity of communication and the required amount of reflection. After the judgment task, they completed a questionnaire to assess knowledge, perceived advantages and disadvantages of sun protection and intended use of sun protection measures. Pictures enhanced attractiveness, but diminished comprehension. Textual arguments enhanced attractiveness, credibility and comprehension. Pictures as well as textual arguments increased knowledge of sun protection measures. Pictures and textual arguments in public service announcements positively influence the individual's perception of the advantages of sun protection methods and the advantages of their adoption.

Textual, Genre and Social Features of Spoken Grammar: A Corpus-Based Approach

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Carmen Pérez-Llantada

2009-02-01

Full Text Available This paper describes a corpus-based approach to teaching and learning spoken grammar for English for Academic Purposes with reference to Bhatia’s (2002 multi-perspective model for discourse analysis: a textual perspective, a genre perspective and a social perspective. From a textual perspective, corpus-informed instruction helps students identify grammar items through statistical frequencies, collocational patterns, context-sensitive meanings and discoursal uses of words. From a genre perspective, corpus observation provides students with exposure to recurrent lexico-grammatical patterns across different academic text types (genres. From a social perspective, corpus models can be used to raise learners’ awareness of how speakers’ different discourse roles, discourse privileges and power statuses are enacted in their grammar choices. The paper describes corpus-based instructional procedures, gives samples of learners’ linguistic output, and provides comments on the students’ response to this method of instruction. Data resulting from the assessment process and student production suggest that corpus-informed instruction grounded in Bhatia’s multi-perspective model can constitute a pedagogical approach in order to i obtain positive student responses from input and authentic samples of grammar use, ii help students identify and understand the textual, genre and social aspects of grammar in real contexts of use, and therefore iii help develop students’ ability to use grammar accurately and appropriately.

Discerning applicants’ interests in rural medicine: a textual analysis of admission essays

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Carol L. Elam

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Background: Despite efforts to construct targeted medical school admission processes using applicant-level correlates of future practice location, accurately gauging applicants’ interests in rural medicine remains an imperfect science. This study explores the usefulness of textual analysis to identify rural-oriented themes and values underlying applicants’ open-ended responses to admission essays. Methods: The study population consisted of 75 applicants to the Rural Physician Leadership Program (RPLP at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine. Using WordStat, a proprietary text analysis program, applicants’ American Medical College Application Service personal statement and an admission essay written at the time of interview were searched for predefined keywords and phrases reflecting rural medical values. From these text searches, derived scores were then examined relative to interviewers’ subjective ratings of applicants’ overall acceptability for admission to the RPLP program and likelihood of practicing in a rural area. Results: The two interviewer-assigned ratings of likelihood of rural practice and overall acceptability were significantly related. A statistically significant relationship was also found between the rural medical values scores and estimated likelihood of rural practice. However, there was no association between rural medical values scores and subjective ratings of applicant acceptability. Conclusions: That applicants’ rural values in admission essays were not related to interviewers’ overall acceptability ratings indicates that other factors played a role in the interviewers’ assessments of applicants’ acceptability for admission.

Discerning applicants' interests in rural medicine: a textual analysis of admission essays.

Science.gov (United States)

Elam, Carol L; Weaver, Anthony D; Whittler, Elmer T; Stratton, Terry D; Asher, Linda M; Scott, Kimberly L; Wilson, Emery A

2015-01-01

Despite efforts to construct targeted medical school admission processes using applicant-level correlates of future practice location, accurately gauging applicants' interests in rural medicine remains an imperfect science. This study explores the usefulness of textual analysis to identify rural-oriented themes and values underlying applicants' open-ended responses to admission essays. The study population consisted of 75 applicants to the Rural Physician Leadership Program (RPLP) at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine. Using WordStat, a proprietary text analysis program, applicants' American Medical College Application Service personal statement and an admission essay written at the time of interview were searched for predefined keywords and phrases reflecting rural medical values. From these text searches, derived scores were then examined relative to interviewers' subjective ratings of applicants' overall acceptability for admission to the RPLP program and likelihood of practicing in a rural area. The two interviewer-assigned ratings of likelihood of rural practice and overall acceptability were significantly related. A statistically significant relationship was also found between the rural medical values scores and estimated likelihood of rural practice. However, there was no association between rural medical values scores and subjective ratings of applicant acceptability. That applicants' rural values in admission essays were not related to interviewers' overall acceptability ratings indicates that other factors played a role in the interviewers' assessments of applicants' acceptability for admission.

Do tipo textual ao gênero de texto. A redação no vestibular / From textual type to textual genre. The essay in the university entrance exam

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Maria Helena Cruz Pistori

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Os atuais documentos oficiais elaborados pelo Ministério da Educação no Brasil têm preconizado o ensino da produção textual por meio do gênero - discursivo ou textual. Seguindo essa linha, o exame vestibular de ingresso a uma das maiores universidades paulistas de 2011 também solicitou dos candidatos a elaboração de três textos, de diferentes gêneros. Com o objetivo de verificar que horizontes teórico-metodológicos fundamentaram a elaboração daquele exame, analisamos os textos do (1 Manual do Candidato, da (2 Prova de redação e da (3 Expectativa da banca. Nosso parâmetro teórico é o conceito de gênero discursivo conforme desenvolvido pelos membros do Círculo de Bakhtin desde 1920. Observamos, então, como essa nova proposta visa avaliar as características que a Universidade espera encontrar em cada um de seus alunos; como utiliza o arsenal teórico nos textos analisados e como garante a avaliação da capacidade argumentativa dos candidatos. Finalmente, sugerimos a possibilidade de trabalho com o gênero “dissertação escolar”.Today's official documents drawn up by the Ministry of Education in Brazil have advocated that textual production should be taught by the concepts of speech genre or textual genre. Following this guideline, the 2011 edition of the entrance exam, vestibular, of one of the most important universities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, asked its candidates to write three texts, each one belonging to a different genre. In order to verify the theoretical-methodological horizons that motivated the elaboration of that exam, we analyzed the texts of (1 the candidate's guidelines, (2 the examination essay and (3 the expectations set by the examiners. Our theoretical perspective is the concept of discursive genre as developed by the members of the Bakhtin Circle since 1920. Then, we observe how this new proposal aims at evaluating the characteristics that the University expects to find in each one of

ML-Ask: Open Source Affect Analysis Software for Textual Input in Japanese

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Michal Ptaszynski

2017-06-01

Full Text Available We present ML-Ask – the first Open Source Affect Analysis system for textual input in Japanese. ML-Ask analyses the contents of an input (e.g., a sentence and annotates it with information regarding the contained general emotive expressions, specific emotional words, valence-activation dimensions of overall expressed affect, and particular emotion types expressed with their respective expressions. ML-Ask also incorporates the Contextual Valence Shifters model for handling negation in sentences to deal with grammatically expressible shifts in the conveyed valence. The system, designed to work mainly under Linux and MacOS, can be used for research on, or applying the techniques of Affect Analysis within the framework Japanese language. It can also be used as an experimental baseline for specific research in Affect Analysis, and as a practical tool for written contents annotation.   Funding statement: This research has been supported by: a Research Grant from the Nissan Science Foundation (years 2009–2010, The GCOE Program founded by Japan’s Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (years 2009–2010, (JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows (Project Number: 22-00358 (years 2010–2012, (JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Project Number: 24600001 (years 2012–2015, (JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up (Project Number: 25880003 (years 2013–2015, and (JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (B (Project Number: 15K16044 (years 2015-present, project estimated to end in March 2018.

Teach for America's Long Arc: A Critical Race Theory Textual Analysis of Wendy Kopp's Works

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Barnes, Michael C.; Germain, Emily K.; Valenzuela, Angela

2016-01-01

We read and analyzed 165,000 words and uncover a series of counter-stories buried within a textual corpus, authored by Teach For America (TFA) founder Wendy Kopp (Kopp, 1989, 2001; Kopp & Farr, 2011), that offers insight into the forms of racism endemic to Teach For America. All three counter-stories align with a critical race theory (CRT)…

Methodology to build medical ontology from textual resources.

Science.gov (United States)

Baneyx, Audrey; Charlet, Jean; Jaulent, Marie-Christine

2006-01-01

In the medical field, it is now established that the maintenance of unambiguous thesauri goes through ontologies. Our research task is to help pneumologists code acts and diagnoses with a software that represents medical knowledge through a domain ontology. In this paper, we describe our general methodology aimed at knowledge engineers in order to build various types of medical ontologies based on terminology extraction from texts. The hypothesis is to apply natural language processing tools to textual patient discharge summaries to develop the resources needed to build an ontology in pneumology. Results indicate that the joint use of distributional analysis and lexico-syntactic patterns performed satisfactorily for building such ontologies.

Contributions of the textual analysis of speeches for the teaching in the virtual enviroments

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Sueli Cristina Marquesi

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The present paper aims at discussing theoretical aspects of Textual Analysis of Speeches which guide an autonomous learning methodology for university students. Having as a theoretical ground, mainly, the studies developed by Adam (2008, a thematic unit of theoretical content in the area of Exact Sciences will be discussed. Within this unit, explicative and descriptive sequences are constructed in such a way to promote the interaction between the text, presented in a virtual environment, and the student. Consequently, the new content of learning is facilitated. For doing so, activities – presented totally at distance - prepared for engineering students of a Brazilian university will be brought to discussion. The methodology establishes a dialogue between an issue that is central in dealing with learning in virtual environments – the interaction through language – and the role the student has to assume in these environments: a reader/ author who makes meaning and transfers knowledge.

Textual Input Enhancement for Vowel Blindness: A Study with Arabic ESL Learners

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Alsadoon, Reem; Heift, Trude

2015-01-01

This study explores the impact of textual input enhancement on the noticing and intake of English vowels by Arabic L2 learners of English. Arabic L1 speakers are known to experience "vowel blindness," commonly defined as a difficulty in the textual decoding and encoding of English vowels due to an insufficient decoding of the word form.…

A produção escrita de alunos com e sem síndrome de Down: uma análise da coerência textual The written production of students with and without Down syndrome: an analysis of textual coherence

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Adriana Leite Limaverde Gomes

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho, analisa-se a coerência textual a partir da reescrita do conto de Rapunzel. Baseia-se em uma abordagem psicogenética da língua escrita. Participaram desse estudo nove alunos, sendo seis com síndrome de Down (Grupo I e os outros três sem deficiência (Grupo II. Eles cursavam entre o 2º e 8º anos do Ensino Fundamental em escolas regulares. O procedimento de produção textual consistiu em um encontro individual, cuja solicitação de produção escrita era precedida pela leitura do conto pela pesquisadora. Os dados indicaram a presença da coerência textual nos dois grupos, embora mais frequente nas produções do grupo II, que demonstrava maior competência com os elementos de coerência textual. O grupo II apresentou estratégias poderosas para mobilizar os recursos cognitivos que permitiram articular conhecimentos anteriores e focalizá-los na produção e articulação de suas ideias no texto. O grupo I, na sua maioria, experimentava dificuldades em elaborar um desfecho em estreita relação com as partes que compunham o texto. Não apresentaram, porém, dificuldades em definir e manter a personagem principal ao longo de toda a história escrita, mesmo quando a história era incoerente se considerarmos outros indicadores. Qualitativamente, os textos dos alunos com síndrome de Down se diferenciaram daqueles produzidos pelo grupo II. Não identificamos, porém, características que podem representar especificidades na produção escrita dos alunos com essa síndrome, visto que alguns alunos com síndrome de Down produziram textos apresentando coerência.This work examines the textual coherence from the rewriting of the tale of Rapunzel. It is based on a psychogenetic approach of written language. Nine students participated in this study, six with Down syndrome (Group I and the other three without disabilities (Group II. They were enrolled between 2nd and 8th years of Primary Education in regular schools. The procedure of

Viagem, identidade e memória textual em Antonio Tabucchi

OpenAIRE

Melissa Cobra Torre

2012-01-01

Esta dissertação apresenta uma reflexão sobre a viagem, a identidade, o jogo e a memória textual na obra de Antonio Tabucchi, tendo em vista o romance 'Noturno Indiano' e os contos 'A frase a seguir é falsa. A frase anterior é verdadeira', 'Il gioco del rovescio', 'Piccoli equivoci senza importanza' e 'I treni che vanno a Madras'. Tem como objetivos repensar o tema da viagem em 'Noturno Indiano'; enfocar a questão da identidade no referido romance; discutir o jogo textual em 'Noturno Indiano'...

Combining textual and visual information for image retrieval in the medical domain.

Science.gov (United States)

Gkoufas, Yiannis; Morou, Anna; Kalamboukis, Theodore

2011-01-01

In this article we have assembled the experience obtained from our participation in the imageCLEF evaluation task over the past two years. Exploitation on the use of linear combinations for image retrieval has been attempted by combining visual and textual sources of images. From our experiments we conclude that a mixed retrieval technique that applies both textual and visual retrieval in an interchangeably repeated manner improves the performance while overcoming the scalability limitations of visual retrieval. In particular, the mean average precision (MAP) has increased from 0.01 to 0.15 and 0.087 for 2009 and 2010 data, respectively, when content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is performed on the top 1000 results from textual retrieval based on natural language processing (NLP).

The Interdisciplinarity in the Students' Questions in Science Classes of the Elementary School: Contributions of Discursive Textual Analysis

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Maurivan Güntzel Ramos

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The article presents the analysis of 342 questions on the theme "Water", proposed by 114 students from three elementary schools in the South region of Brazil, in order to identify interdisciplinary articulations associated with complex thinking present in these questions. The research sought to answer the following question: What revelations can emerge from the analysis of student's questions about a specific topic of study, such as "Water", in relation to interdisciplinarity and complex thinking? From the discursive textual analysis of the questions, two categories emerged: disciplinary questions; and interdisciplinary questions. The examination of the content of the categories enabled the writing of metatexts that reveal that in the text of most of the students' questions, is present a complex mode of thinking and interdisciplinary relationships, since 77.8% of the questions belong to second category. This can be an indication to teachers of how to initiate pedagogical actions, whose focus is interdisciplinarity.

Textual Data Mining Applications in the Service Chain Knowledge Management of e-Government

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Jalal Rezaeenour

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Systems related to knowledge management can improve quality and efficiency of knowledge used for decision making process. Approximately 80 percent of corporate information are in textual data formats. That is why text mining is useful and important in service chain knowledge management. For example, one of the most important applications of text mining is in managing on-line source of digital documents and the analysis of internal documents. This research is based on text-based documents and textual information and interviews processed by Grounded theory. In this research clustering techniques were applied at first step. In the second step, Apriori association rules techniques for discovering and extracting the most useful association rules were applied. In other words, integration of datamining techniques was emphasized to improve the accuracy and precision of classification. Using decision tree technique for classification may result in reducing classification precision. But, the proposed method showed a significant improvement in classification precision.

In Defence of the Textual Integrity of the Old English Resignation

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Sobol Helena W.

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Bliss & Frantzen’s (1976 paper against the previously assumed textual integrity of Resignation has been a watershed in research upon the poem. Nearly all subsequent studies and editions have followed their theory, the sole dissenting view being expressed by Klinck (1987, 1992. The present paper offers fresh evidence for the textual unity of the poem. First examined are codicological issues, whether the state of the manuscript suggests that a folio might be missing. Next analysed are the spellings of Resignation and its phonology, here the paper discusses peculiarities which both differentiate Resignation from its manuscript context and connect the two hypothetical parts of the text. Then the paper looks at the assumed cut-off point at l.69 to see if it may provide any evidence for textual discontinuity. Finally the whole Resignation, seen as a coherent poem, is placed in the history of Old English literature, with special attention being paid to the traditions of devotional texts and the Old English elegies.

Textual Enhancement of Input: Issues and Possibilities

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Han, ZhaoHong; Park, Eun Sung; Combs, Charles

2008-01-01

The input enhancement hypothesis proposed by Sharwood Smith (1991, 1993) has stimulated considerable research over the last 15 years. This article reviews the research on textual enhancement of input (TE), an area where the majority of input enhancement studies have aggregated. Methodological idiosyncrasies are the norm of this body of research.…

A Textual Feedback Tool for Empowering Participants in Usability and UX Evaluations

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sivaji, Ashok; Clemmensen, Torkil; Nielsen, Søren Feodor

2017-01-01

-educated, but low-status, users in UX evaluations in countries and contexts with high power distances. The proposed tool contributes to the HCI community’s pool of localized UX evaluation tools. We evaluate the tool with 40 users from two socio-economic groups in real-life UX usability evaluations setting...... in Malaysia. The results indicate that the Textual Feedback tool may help participants to give their thoughts in UX evaluation in high power distance contexts. In particular, the Textual Feedback tool helps high status females and low status males express more UX problems than they can do with traditional CTA...... alone. We found that classic concurrent think aloud UX evaluation works fine in high power contexts, but only with the addition of Textual feedback to mitigate the effects of socio-economic status in certain user groups. We suggest that future research on UX evaluation look more into how to empower...

La superación a los docentes para la producción textual

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Rafaela Hinojosa Legrá

2017-11-01

Full Text Available La producción textual es uno de los componentes más afectados desde los primeros grados en la enseñanza de la Lengua Materna, entre las causas que lo provocan está la deficiente preparación de los docentes para ofrecer el tratamiento adecuado, este trabajo ofrece vías para la superación profesional respecto a la producción textual.

The Textualization of Problem Handling: Lean Discourses Meet Professional Competence in Eldercare and the Manufacturing Industry

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Karlsson, Anna-Malin; Nikolaidou, Zoe

2016-01-01

This article reports on research addressing the role of incident reporting at the workplace as a textual representation of lean management techniques. It draws on text and discourse analysis as well as on ethnographic data, including interviews, recorded interaction, and observations, from two projects on workplace literacy in Sweden: a study in…

Extracting meronomy relations from domain-specific, textual corporate databases

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ittoo, R.A.; Bouma, G.; Maruster, L.; Wortmann, J.C.; Hopfe, C.J.; Rezgui, Y.; Métais, E.; Preece, A.; Li, H.

2010-01-01

Various techniques for learning meronymy relationships from open-domain corpora exist. However, extracting meronymy relationships from domain-specific, textual corporate databases has been overlooked, despite numerous application opportunities particularly in domains like product development and/or

Finding Environmental Knowledge in SCUBA-Based Textual Materials

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Gündogdu, Cemal; Aygün, Yalin; Ilkim, Mehmet

2018-01-01

As marine environments within the adventure domain are future key-settings for recreational SCUBA diving experience, SCUBA-based textual materials should provide insight into environmental knowledge that is well connected to the novice divers' behaviour and attitude. This research is concerned with a major recreational SCUBA diver manual for…

Didactic implications of the history of science in Physics Education: a literature review through discursive textual analysis

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Edmundo Rodrigues Junior

2015-10-01

Full Text Available This work presents a literature review of the educational implications of the history of science in the teaching of Physics in the period 2010 to 2014. The technique used to analyze the data was the discursive textual analysis with the categories defined a priori. These categories include different teaching strategies for the teaching of history of science in Physics classes such as the use of primary or original sources, historical case studies, science through drama activities, historical experiments, biographies and /or autobiographies of scientists and the content analysis of the history of science present in textbooks. The result showed that 36 articles of 1659 available in journals use these teaching strategies. The results of the interpretative step consisted in the production of six metatexts in which two learning objectives were identified: the first one is related to physical concepts and the second one in aspects related to understanding the Nature of Science. The evaluation tools used by the authors to assess the students’ knowledge were identified in our corpus too.

Textual and Pictorial Glosses: Effectiveness on Incidental Vocabulary Growth When Reading in a Foreign Language.

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Kost, Claudia R.; Foss, Pamelo; Lenzini, John J.

1999-01-01

Investigates the effects of pictorial and textual glosses and a combination thereof on incidental vocabulary growth of foreign language learners. Subjects from second-semester German classes read a narrative text passage under one of three marginal gloss conditions: textual gloss (English translation); pictorial gloss; and text and pictures in the…

Textual and chemical information processing: different domains but similar algorithms

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Peter Willett

2000-01-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses the extent to which algorithms developed for the processing of textual databases are also applicable to the processing of chemical structure databases, and vice versa. Applications discussed include: an algorithm for distribution sorting that has been applied to the design of screening systems for rapid chemical substructure searching; the use of measures of inter-molecular structural similarity for the analysis of hypertext graphs; a genetic algorithm for calculating term weights for relevance feedback searching for determining whether a molecule is likely to exhibit biological activity; and the use of data fusion to combine the results of different chemical similarity searches.

Comparison of CTA and Textual Feedback in Usability Testing for Malaysian Users

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sivaji, Ashok; Clemmensen, Torkil; Nielsen, Søren Feodor

Usability moderators found that the concurrent think-aloud (CTA) method has some cultural limitation that impacts usability testing with Malaysian users. This gives rise to proposing a new method called textual feedback. The research question is to determine whether there are any differences...... in usability defects from the concurrent think-aloud (CTA) method (Condition 2) and textual feedback method (Condition 1) within the same group of Malaysian users. A pair-wise t-test was used, whereby users were subjected to performing usability task using both methods. Results reveal that we can reject...

Textual Condensation in Printed Dictionaries. A Theoretical Draft·

African Journals Online (AJOL)

applying procedures of textual condensation in relation to a respective full text. The full text ..... and, if one does not consider the inserted wordforms, of the same number of letters. .... soccer clogging: the match turned into a rough game da32.

Journeys toward Textual Relevance: Male Readers of Color and the Significance of Malcolm X and Harry Potter

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Sciurba, Katie

2017-01-01

This article combines interview data from a group of boys of color at an urban single-sex school and content analysis of "The Autobiography of Malcolm X" and "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone" to demonstrate the complexities of readers' responses to literature. Textual relevance, or the ability to construct personal…

An Integrated Textual Case-Based System A. Almu

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Almu: An Integrated Textual Case-Based System. 66. The semantic relationship in WordNet links the Four-. Part-Of-Speech of Nouns, Verbs, Adverbs and. Adjectives together to synonyms sets (Miller 1995). Therefore, the words or terms of the problem have to be tagged with their appropriate POS before passing them to the ...

Variations in Textualization: A Cross-generic and Cross-disciplinary Study, Implications for Readability of the Academic Discourse

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Mina Abbasi Bonabi

2018-01-01

Full Text Available According to discoursal views on language, variations in textualization strategies are always socio-contextually motivated and never happen at random. The textual forms employed in a text, along with many other discoursal and contextual factors, could certainly affect the readability of the text, making it more or less processable for the same reader. On the basis of these assumptions, the present study set out to examine how our data varied across genres and disciplines in terms of our target textual forms. These forms are as follows: the magnitude of T-unit (MOTU, the degree of embeddedness of the main verb in T-unit (DE, the physical distance between the verb and its satellite elements (PD, the magnitude of the noun phrase appearing before the verb (MOX, and the magnitude of noun phrase appearing after the verb (MOY. Our data consisted of 20 research articles randomly selected from two different disciplines of Biology and Applied Linguistics, to be analyzed in terms of the above-named textual strategies. One way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests were used for data analyses. The results revealed cross-generic as well as cross-disciplinary differences in the employment of the above textual forms. These findings were discussed in terms of the academic concepts and discourse on the one hand and the possible effect of the required textual forms on the readability of the text on the other hand.

Conexões entre produção textual e consciência lingüística

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Soroka, Jaqueline Golbspan

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo examina a conexão entre consciência lingüística e produção textual, enfatizando os mecanismos coesivos e as etapas subjacentes ao processo de organização textual. Trata-se de uma investigação interdisciplinar a tipo exploratório, baseada nos pressupostos teóricos da psicologia cognitiva, da psicolingüística e da lingüística textual. Com o objetivo de verificar se o desempenho na produção textual - em termos de uso dos mecanismos coesivos - relaciona-se positivamente com o desenvolvimento da consciência lingüística, e se escritores com déficit na escrita redacional poderiam se beneficiar com uma abordagem terapêutica que estimule suas habilidades para refletir sobre a libguagem, foi desenvolvida nesta pesquisa uma etapa de 30 sessões de tratamento psicopedagógico grupal. Três sujeitos pré-adolescentes, de 11 a 14 anos de idade, integram o grupo (um dos sujeitos encontrava-se repetindo a 5ª série e os demais cursavam a 6ª série do 1º grau. Concluímos que a estimulação das habilidades metalingüísticas podem auxiliar os sujeitos com dificuldades escolares e desenvolver proficiência na produção textual, no que diz respeito ao monitoramento do uso dos mecanismos coesivos

The Target of the Question: A Taxonomy of Textual Features for Cambridge University "O" Levels English

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Benjamin, Shanti Isabelle

2015-01-01

This study investigates the typical textual features that are most frequently targeted in short-answer reading comprehension questions of the Cambridge University "O" Level English Paper 2. Test writers' awareness of how textual features impact on understanding of meanings in text decisions will determine to great extent their decisions…

Recognizing textual entailment models and applications

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Dagan, Ido; Sammons, Mark

2013-01-01

In the last few years, a number of NLP researchers have developed and participated in the task of Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE). This task encapsulates Natural Language Understanding capabilities within a very simple interface: recognizing when the meaning of a text snippet is contained in the meaning of a second piece of text. This simple abstraction of an exceedingly complex problem has broad appeal partly because it can be conceived also as a component in other NLP applications, from Machine Translation to Semantic Search to Information Extraction. It also avoids commitment to any sp

Textual Harassment: A New Historicist Reappraisal of the Parol Evidence With Gender in Mind

OpenAIRE

Keren, Hila

2004-01-01

This year marks the four hundredth anniversary of the Parol Evidence Rule, the rule that dictates that the interpretation of a written contract should be determined solely according to its text and not influenced by prior contradictory external information. This article uses the occasion to offer a fresh interdisciplinary view of the Rule. The analysis presents a unique contribution to the heated debate regarding the desired levels of formalism and textualism in present-day contract law, by u...

“Famoso [y valiente] hidalgo”: sobre conjeturas y deturpaciones textuales

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Florencio Sevilla Arroyo

2007-12-01

Full Text Available The textual manipulations to which the epigraph of the first chapter of El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha has recently been subjected to offer an obvious example of Textual Bibliography critical threats when handled carelessly. Although it is true that spurious textual “changes” caused by the “printing by forms” and its “count of the original text” were current in Golden Age manual presses, the risk of distortions that threaten its non-well-informed amendment is also evident. In this case, a restitution of a supposed involuntary omission by the compositors is pretended, famoso [y valiente] hidalgo, which runs away from the first chapter’s epigraph in the original text of the Quijote, under the evidence from the first edition “Tabla de los capítulos”. Nevertheless, there are many typographical evidences that lead to conclude exactly the opposite: it is rather an apocryphal appendix, introduced by the compositor of the “Tabla” from an original famoso y valiente, and aimed just to solve a remaining blank in the last gathering of the book. The amendment, thus, far from restoring the original text, distorts Cervantine writing replacing it for an evident typographical trap. It would be necessary to bear in mind that the only Cervantine text of the first Quijote with critical authority went out of Juan de la Cuesta’s printing presses around Christmas in 1604- 1605...

Textual meaning and its place in a theory of language

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Jeffries Lesley

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Following the development of a framework for critical stylistics (Jeffries 2010 and the explication of some of the theoretical assumptions behind this framework (Jeffries 2014a, 2014b, 2015a, 2015b, the present article attempts to put this framework into a larger theoretical context as a way to approach textual meaning. Using examples from the popular U.S. television show, The Big Bang Theory, I examine the evidence that there is a kind of textual meaning which can be distinguished from the core propositional meaning on the one hand and from contextual, interpersonal meaning on the other. The specific aim, to demonstrate a layer of meaning belonging to text specifically, is set within an argument which claims that progress in linguistics can better be served by adherence to a rigorous scientific discipline.

Evaluating the effects of massed and distributed practice on acquisition and maintenance of tacts and textual behavior with typically developing children.

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Haq, Shaji S; Kodak, Tiffany

2015-01-01

This study evaluated the effects of massed and distributed practice on the acquisition of tacts and textual behavior in typically developing children. We compared the effects of massed practice (i.e., consolidating all practice opportunities during the week into a single session) and distributed practice (i.e., distributing all practice opportunities across 4 sessions during the week) on the acquisition of textual behavior in English, tacting pictures of common nouns in Spanish, and textual behavior in Spanish using an adapted alternating treatments design embedded within a multiple probe design. We also examined correct responding during probes that (a) excluded prompts and reinforcement and (b) occurred 48 hr after training each week. The results indicated that distributed practice was the more efficient training format. Maintenance data collected up to 4 weeks after training also indicated that the participants consistently displayed higher levels of correct responding to targets that had been trained in distributed format. We discuss implications for practice and potential areas for future research. © Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.

Suggestions toward some discourse-analytic approaches to text difficulty: with special reference to ‘T-unit configuration’ in the textual unfolding

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Kazem Lotfipour-Saedi

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This paper represents some suggestions towards discourse-analytic approaches for ESL/EFL education, with the focus on identifying the textual forms which can contribute to the textual difficulty. Textual difficulty / comprehensibility, rather than being purely text-based or reader-dependent, is certainly a matter of interaction between text and reader. The paper will look at some of the textual factors which can be argued to make a text more or less readable for the same reader. The main focus here will be on academic texts. The high cognitive load and low readability of the expository texts in various academic disciplines will be argued to belong to certain textual strategies as well as variations in the configurations of the T-units as the prime scaffolding for the textualization process. Different categories of these variations to be discussed here will be exemplified from a few academic and expository registers. More extensive textual analyses will, of course, be necessary in order to be able to make evidential suggestions for possible correlations between certain types and clusters of T-unit configurations on the one hand, and cognitive load and readability indices on the other, across various academic registers, genres and disciplines.

Textual Analysis of General Surgery Residency Personal Statements: Topics and Gender Differences.

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Ostapenko, Laura; Schonhardt-Bailey, Cheryl; Sublette, Jessica Walling; Smink, Douglas S; Osman, Nora Y

2017-10-25

Applicants to US general surgery residency training programs submit standardized applications. Applicants use the personal statement to express their individual rationale for a career in surgery. Our research explores common topics and gender differences within the personal statements of general surgery applicants. We analyzed the electronic residency application service personal statements of 578 applicants (containing 3,82,405 words) from Liaison Committee on Medical Education-accredited medical schools to a single ACGME-accredited general surgery program using an automated textual analysis program to identify common topics and gender differences. Using a recursive algorithm, the program identified common words and clusters, grouping them into topic classes, which are internally validated. We identified and labeled 8 statistically significant topic classes through independent review: "my story," "the art of surgery," "clinical vignettes," "why I love surgery," "residency program characteristics," "working as a team," "academics and research," and "global health and policy." Although some classes were common to all applications, we also identified gender-specific differences. Notably, women were significantly more likely than men to be represented within the class of "working as a team." (p differences between the statements of men and women. Women were more likely to discuss surgery as a team endeavor while men were more likely to focus on the details of their surgical experiences. Our work mirrors what has been found in social psychology research on gender-based differences in how men and women communicate their career goals and aspirations in other competitive professional situations. Copyright © 2017 Association of Program Directors in Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Aligning ontologies and integrating textual evidence for pathway analysis of microarray data

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Gopalan, Banu; Posse, Christian; Sanfilippo, Antonio P.; Stenzel-Poore, Mary; Stevens, S.L.; Castano, Jose; Beagley, Nathaniel; Riensche, Roderick M.; Baddeley, Bob; Simon, R.P.; Pustejovsky, James

2006-10-08

Expression arrays are introducing a paradigmatic change in biology by shifting experimental approaches from single gene studies to genome-level analysis, monitoring the ex-pression levels of several thousands of genes in parallel. The massive amounts of data obtained from the microarray data needs to be integrated and interpreted to infer biological meaning within the context of information-rich pathways. In this paper, we present a methodology that integrates textual information with annotations from cross-referenced ontolo-gies to map genes to pathways in a semi-automated way. We illustrate this approach and compare it favorably to other tools by analyzing the gene expression changes underlying the biological phenomena related to stroke. Stroke is the third leading cause of death and a major disabler in the United States. Through years of study, researchers have amassed a significant knowledge base about stroke, and this knowledge, coupled with new technologies, is providing a wealth of new scientific opportunities. The potential for neu-roprotective stroke therapy is enormous. However, the roles of neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and other proliferative re-sponses in the recovery process following ischemia and the molecular mechanisms that lead to these processes still need to be uncovered. Improved annotation of genomic and pro-teomic data, including annotation of pathways in which genes and proteins are involved, is required to facilitate their interpretation and clinical application. While our approach is not aimed at replacing existing curated pathway databases, it reveals multiple hidden relationships that are not evident with the way these databases analyze functional groupings of genes from the Gene Ontology.

Biomedical Imaging Modality Classification Using Combined Visual Features and Textual Terms

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Xian-Hua Han

2011-01-01

extraction from medical images and fuses the different extracted visual features and textual feature for modality classification. To extract visual features from the images, we used histogram descriptor of edge, gray, or color intensity and block-based variation as global features and SIFT histogram as local feature. For textual feature of image representation, the binary histogram of some predefined vocabulary words from image captions is used. Then, we combine the different features using normalized kernel functions for SVM classification. Furthermore, for some easy misclassified modality pairs such as CT and MR or PET and NM modalities, a local classifier is used for distinguishing samples in the pair modality to improve performance. The proposed strategy is evaluated with the provided modality dataset by ImageCLEF 2010.

ESTUDIO SOBRE LOS ABSTRACTS DE ARTÍCULOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN INFORMÁTICOS: EVIDENCIALIDAD Y MODALIDAD TEXTUAL

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Ivalla Ortega Barrera

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Evidentiality and textual modality are widely debated fi eld categories within the areas of linguistics and textual stylistics. The attitude of the author towards the topic indicates its commitment with the established proposition. In this way, his attitude can have either a rational/evaluative character (objective or an emotional/expressive character (subjective, which thus conveys the tonality of the discourse. The present paper, which forms part of the research project "Evidentiality in a multidisciplinary corpus of research papers in English" of the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, focuses on the genre "abstracts of research papers applied to computer science". In this paper we will analyse two types of characteristic functions: the communicative stamp of the markers which correspond to textual modality, both objective and subjective according to their relationship with the evidential and judgement markers, and the frequency of its use in the genre we are studying.

Texture, Textuality and Political Discourse: A Study of Lexical Cohesion in Nigeria's President Goodluck Jonathan's Inaugural Address, May, 2011

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Enyi, Amaechi Uneke; Chitulu, Mark Ononiwu

2015-01-01

This study, entitled, "Texture and textuality in Political Discourse: A Study of Cohesive Devices in President Goodluck Jonathan's Inaugural Address-May, 2011" was an analysis of the lexical cohesive devices employed by Nigeria's President Goodluck Jonathan in crafting his May, 2011's Presidential Inaugural Address (PIA). Guided by the…

As funções dos tipos textuais no interior do gênero discurso de propaganda The functions of the textual types in the gender advertising speech

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Waldivia Maria de Jesus

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo propõe refletir acerca do ensino de leitura e escrita pela abordagem de gêneros, com foco nas funções que os tipos textuais desempenham no interior do gênero discurso de propaganda. Reflete-se sobre problemas que envolvem a conceitualização de gênero textual / gênero de discurso, tipos textuais / formas textuais, com ênfase na definição de gênero mais adequada ao ensino. O corpus desses estudos constitui-se de uma peça publicitária veiculada no jornal Folha de S. Paulo. E as reflexões se ancoram no Funcionalismo (HALLIDAY, 1985, na Semântica Pragmática (VAN DIJK, 1978 e na Análise do Discurso (MAINGUENEAU, 2002.This article proposes a reflection about the teaching of reading and writing on the genre approach, focusing on the function that textual types play within the genre advertising discourse. It reflects on issues surrounding the conceptualization of textual genre / discourse genre, textual types / textual forms, observing the most appropriate definition of genre to teach mother language. The studied corpus is constituted by an advertising piece published in Folha de S. Paulo. And the reflections rest on the Functionalism (HALLIDAY, 1985, on the Semantic Pragmatic (VAN DIJK, 1979, on the Discourse Analysis (MAINGUENEAU, 2002.

A Cross Cultural Analysis of Textual and Interpersonal Metadiscourse Markers: The Case of Economic Articles in English and Persian Newspapers

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Abbas Mehrabi Boshrabadi

2014-04-01

Full Text Available This study was an attempt to investigate the functional role of textual and interpersonal metadiscourse markers in English and Persian Economic news reports. To this end, 10 news articles, 5 in each language, were randomly selected from the Economic sections of the leading newspapers published in 2013-2014 in Iran and the United States. Based on Kopple’s (1985 taxonomy, the type and frequency of metadiscourse markers used in the texts were analyzed to find out their functions in the text. The findings revealed that the textual markers used by Persian authors were considerably more frequent than those employed by the American writers. Interestingly, unlike the Persian writers, the American authors enlisted a larger number of interpersonal markers, which made their angle of the subject treatment different. It is evident that the differential use of metadiscourse markers by nationally different authors could be attributed to culture-specific norms governing the development and organization of discourse.

Benjamin’s Dialectical Image and the Textuality of the Built Landscape

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Ross Lipton

2016-05-01

Full Text Available In The Arcades Project, Walter Benjamin describes the architectural expression of nineteenth century Paris as a dialectical manifestation of backwards-looking historicism and the dawn of modern industrial production (in the form of cast iron and mass produced plate glass. Yet in the same text, Benjamin refers to the dialectical image as occurring within the medium of written language. In this paper, I will first discuss the textuality of the dialectical image as it emerges from Benjamin’s discussion of allegorical and symbolic images in his Trauerspiel study and the ‘wish symbol’ in The Arcades Project. I will then discuss the ‘textual reductionism’ implicit in Benjamin’s theory of the dialectical image, in which the dense pluralities of urban space are reduced to a finite script to be pieced together through Benjamin’s constructivist method of historical observation. The textuality of the dialectical image will be elaborated on by discussing it in relation to the practice of translation. This discussion will be further contextualised by discussing a cadre of German/Austrian planners and architects who attempted to translate architectural idioms between cultural identities in Kemalist Era Turkey. The article concludes with a short recapitulation on the dialectical image as both an object of scrutiny and a method of observation, one which also takes into consideration the specific historicity of the observer.

Variations in Textualization: A Cross-Generic and Cross-Disciplinary Study, Implications for Readability of the Academic Discourse

Science.gov (United States)

Bonabi, Mina Abbasi; Lotfipour-Saedi, Kazem; Hemmati, Fatemeh; Jafarigohar, Manoochehr

2018-01-01

According to discoursal views on language, variations in textualization strategies are always sociocontextually motivated and never happen at random. The textual forms employed in a text, along with many other discoursal and contextual factors, could certainly affect the readability of the text, making it more or less processable for the same…

THE POTENCIALITY OF TRANSMEDIA NARRATIVE AND THE PRACTICE OF READING AND TEXTUAL PRODUCTION

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Daniella de Jesus Lima

2017-08-01

Full Text Available In this article we have reflect on the digital culture and its implications in education field, emphasizing the characteristics of the transmedia narrative. The objectives were to discuss the relationship between transmediation and the education, based on the methodology of teaching of textual genres with students of the social communication course - journalism of a private university in the brazilian northeast. We also used as methodology the bibliographic research and participant observation. As a result, we conclude that the elements of the transmedia narrative in the students's textual production have presented advantages and improvements for the educational process.

Discourses of Plagiarism: Moralist, Proceduralist, Developmental and Inter-Textual Approaches

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Kaposi, David; Dell, Pippa

2012-01-01

This paper reconstructs prevalent academic discourses of student plagiarism: moralism, proceduralism, development, and writing/inter-textuality. It approaches the discourses from three aspects: intention, interpretation and the nature of the academic community. It argues that the assumptions of the moralistic approach regarding suspect intention,…

Generation of Natural-Language Textual Summaries from Longitudinal Clinical Records.

Science.gov (United States)

Goldstein, Ayelet; Shahar, Yuval

2015-01-01

Physicians are required to interpret, abstract and present in free-text large amounts of clinical data in their daily tasks. This is especially true for chronic-disease domains, but holds also in other clinical domains. We have recently developed a prototype system, CliniText, which, given a time-oriented clinical database, and appropriate formal abstraction and summarization knowledge, combines the computational mechanisms of knowledge-based temporal data abstraction, textual summarization, abduction, and natural-language generation techniques, to generate an intelligent textual summary of longitudinal clinical data. We demonstrate our methodology, and the feasibility of providing a free-text summary of longitudinal electronic patient records, by generating summaries in two very different domains - Diabetes Management and Cardiothoracic surgery. In particular, we explain the process of generating a discharge summary of a patient who had undergone a Coronary Artery Bypass Graft operation, and a brief summary of the treatment of a diabetes patient for five years.

Improved medical image modality classification using a combination of visual and textual features.

Science.gov (United States)

Dimitrovski, Ivica; Kocev, Dragi; Kitanovski, Ivan; Loskovska, Suzana; Džeroski, Sašo

2015-01-01

In this paper, we present the approach that we applied to the medical modality classification tasks at the ImageCLEF evaluation forum. More specifically, we used the modality classification databases from the ImageCLEF competitions in 2011, 2012 and 2013, described by four visual and one textual types of features, and combinations thereof. We used local binary patterns, color and edge directivity descriptors, fuzzy color and texture histogram and scale-invariant feature transform (and its variant opponentSIFT) as visual features and the standard bag-of-words textual representation coupled with TF-IDF weighting. The results from the extensive experimental evaluation identify the SIFT and opponentSIFT features as the best performing features for modality classification. Next, the low-level fusion of the visual features improves the predictive performance of the classifiers. This is because the different features are able to capture different aspects of an image, their combination offering a more complete representation of the visual content in an image. Moreover, adding textual features further increases the predictive performance. Finally, the results obtained with our approach are the best results reported on these databases so far. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Integrating textual and model-based process descriptions for comprehensive process search

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Leopold, Henrik; van der Aa, Han; Pittke, Fabian; Raffel, Manuel; Mendling, Jan; Reijers, Hajo A.

2016-01-01

Documenting business processes using process models is common practice in many organizations. However, not all process information is best captured in process models. Hence, many organizations complement these models with textual descriptions that specify additional details. The problem with this

Shaping Up? Three Acts of Education Studies as Textual Critique

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McDougall, Julian; Walker, Stephen; Kendall, Alex

2006-01-01

This paper presents a study of dominant educational discourses through textual critique and argues that such an approach enables education studies to preserve an important distinction from teacher training. The texts deconstructed here are specific to English education, but the discourses at work have international relevance as the rhetorics of…

A Cross Cultural Analysis of Textual and Interpersonal Metadiscourse Markers: The Case of Economic Articles in English and Persian Newspapers

Science.gov (United States)

Boshrabadi, Abbas Mehrabi; Biria, Reza; Zavari, Zahra

2014-01-01

This study was an attempt to investigate the functional role of textual and interpersonal metadiscourse markers in English and Persian Economic news reports. To this end, 10 news articles, 5 in each language, were randomly selected from the Economic sections of the leading newspapers published in 2013-2014 in Iran and the United States. Based on…

The struggle for textual conventions in a language support programme

African Journals Online (AJOL)

In this article, the writer explores the experience of a group of South African learners with regard to a language support course that aims to facilitate their struggle to master English textual conventions in discipline specific contexts. The academic context of this study was that of a nursing science degree programme where ...

SECRETARIAT AND TEXTUAL PRODUCTION: ARGUMENTATION IN THE TEXTUAL GENRE LETTER OF DECLARATION

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Erivaldo Pereira do Nascimento

2012-05-01

Full Text Available This article aims at describing the semantic argumentative structure of the textual/discursive genre Letter of Declaration, one of the documents with which the executive secretary frequently deals. This investigation is based on the Argumention Theory in the Language proposed by Ducrot (1988,1987. We also used the studies about Discursive Modalization proposed by Koch (2002, Castilho e Castilho (1993, Nascimento (2005, among others. Modalization is considered here as a semantic argumentative strategy, as it enables the speaker to make a statement or to express a point of view about the content of his/her enunciation, according to the interlocution. This study about the previously mentioned gender is qualitative, quantitative and descriptive. The corpus used is composed of 20 (twenty Letters of Declaration issued by different organizations or private and public institutions. We perceived that in the Letters of Declaration analysed argumentation is achieved by the use of modalizers and argumentative operators, used by the speaker to produce different effects of meaning in the texts.

Comprensión y Producción Textual Narrativa en Estudiantes de Educación Primaria/ Narrative Textual Comprehension and Production in Primary School Students/ Compreensão e Produção Textual Narrativa em Estudantes de Educação Primária

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Leidy Tatiana Guzmán Torres

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Por medio de un enfoque mixto, se caracterizó la comprensión y producción textual narrativa en estudiantes de educación primaria (primero y segundo grado, así como aspectos psicosociales (valor social de la lectura y hábito lector y contextuales (interacciones cognitivas y afectivas docente-niños en docentes de educación primaria de tres instituciones educativas. Se encontró que los estudiantes tuvieron un desempeño medio alto en producción textual y comprensión literal, y bajo en comprensión inferencial. Además, se observó que la mayoría de las docentes son lectoras ocasionales, emplean interacciones cognitivas unidireccionales, ofrecen un mediano apoyo emocional a sus estudiantes y valoran la lectura como una herramienta instrumental y lúdica.

STATISTICAL RELATIONAL LEARNING AND SCRIPT INDUCTION FOR TEXTUAL INFERENCE

Science.gov (United States)

2017-12-01

compensate for parser errors. We replace deterministic conjunction by an average combiner, which encodes causal independence. Our framework was the...sentence similarity (STS) and sentence paraphrasing, but not Textual Entailment, where deeper inferences are required. As the formula for conjunction ...When combined, our algorithm learns to rely on systems that not just agree on an output but also the provenance of this output in conjunction with the

Textual Demands of Passages in Three English/Language Arts Common Core Assessments and One Core Literacy Program for Intermediate Elementary Grades

Science.gov (United States)

Morrison, Timothy G.; Wilcox, Brad; Murdoch, Erica; Bird, Lauren

2018-01-01

The Common Core has emphasized reading for comprehension, including making inferences. However, little is known about the textual demands found within assessment and instructional passages that are promoted as being in line with Common Core expectations. The purpose of this content analysis was to identify the readability levels, passage length,…

Itinerarios textuales del "Quijote" en América (siglos XVII a XIX

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Eva Marìa Valero Juan

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Starting with a brief description of the journey taken by the first editions of the Quixote which were sent to America, this article aims to review the textual biography of don Quixote in America between the 17th and 19th centuries. This selective review starts with the accounts of popular festivities that give evidence of the first appearances of don Quixote and Sancho in the texts. The selection of texts goes from 1607 to the Spanish Emancipation century, paying particular attention to its final years, with the analysis of some of the texts that Ruben Dario devoted to the Quixote, and of the rise of Don Quixote as a Spanish American symbol of identity.

Qur’an-related Intertextuality: Textual Potentiation in Translation

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Aladdin Al-Kharabsheh

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Qur’an-related intertextuality, envisaged as an enriching communicative act both monolingually and interlingually, represents a case of semantic complexity that is wired to present inconceivable translation challenges. Drawing on Derrida’s (1977 dichotomy iterability/citationality, Kristeva’s (1980 vertical intertextuality, Fairclough’s (1992a; 1992b; 1995 & 2011 manifest intertextuality, and Bakhtin’s (1986 double voicing or re-accentuation, the study argues that Qur’an-related intertextuality is conducive of conceptual densities, the ‘harnessing’ of which requires ‘mobilizing’ those translation strategies that should exceed the lexicographical equivalence (Venuti 2009 to establish intertextual relations relevant to the form and theme of the foreign text. To resolve the arising translation problems, the study basically proposes two synthetic approaches: the gist-paratextual and the gist-exegetical. Translation skopos has been found to be central to the production and reception of intertextuality and to determining which of the two proposed synthetic approaches to operationalize. Finally, analysis shows that Qur’an proved to be a virtual breeding ground for textual dynamism and potentiation.

Biomedical imaging modality classification using combined visual features and textual terms.

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Han, Xian-Hua; Chen, Yen-Wei

2011-01-01

We describe an approach for the automatic modality classification in medical image retrieval task of the 2010 CLEF cross-language image retrieval campaign (ImageCLEF). This paper is focused on the process of feature extraction from medical images and fuses the different extracted visual features and textual feature for modality classification. To extract visual features from the images, we used histogram descriptor of edge, gray, or color intensity and block-based variation as global features and SIFT histogram as local feature. For textual feature of image representation, the binary histogram of some predefined vocabulary words from image captions is used. Then, we combine the different features using normalized kernel functions for SVM classification. Furthermore, for some easy misclassified modality pairs such as CT and MR or PET and NM modalities, a local classifier is used for distinguishing samples in the pair modality to improve performance. The proposed strategy is evaluated with the provided modality dataset by ImageCLEF 2010.

Linnaeus' restless system: translation as textual engineering in eighteenth-century botany.

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Dietz, Bettina

2016-04-01

In this essay, translations of Linnaeus' Systema naturae into various European languages will be placed into the context of successively expanded editions of Linnaeus' writings. The ambition and intention of most translators was not only to make the Systema naturae accessible for practical botanical use by a wider readership, but also to supplement and correct it, and thus to shape it. By recruiting more users, translations made a significant contribution to keeping the Systema up to date and thus maintaining its practical value for decades. The need to incorporate countless additions and corrections into an existing text, to document their provenance, to identify inconsistencies, and to refer to relevant observations, descriptions, and illustrations in the botanical literature all helped to develop and refine techniques of textual montage. This form of textual engineering, becoming increasingly complex with each translation cycle, shaped the external appearance of new editions of the Systema, and reflected the modular architecture of a botanical system designed for expansion.

Frequency shifting approach towards textual transcription of heartbeat sounds.

Science.gov (United States)

Arvin, Farshad; Doraisamy, Shyamala; Safar Khorasani, Ehsan

2011-10-04

Auscultation is an approach for diagnosing many cardiovascular problems. Automatic analysis of heartbeat sounds and extraction of its audio features can assist physicians towards diagnosing diseases. Textual transcription allows recording a continuous heart sound stream using a text format which can be stored in very small memory in comparison with other audio formats. In addition, a text-based data allows applying indexing and searching techniques to access to the critical events. Hence, the transcribed heartbeat sounds provides useful information to monitor the behavior of a patient for the long duration of time. This paper proposes a frequency shifting method in order to improve the performance of the transcription. The main objective of this study is to transfer the heartbeat sounds to the music domain. The proposed technique is tested with 100 samples which were recorded from different heart diseases categories. The observed results show that, the proposed shifting method significantly improves the performance of the transcription.

Frequency shifting approach towards textual transcription of heartbeat sounds

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Safar Khorasani Ehsan

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Auscultation is an approach for diagnosing many cardiovascular problems. Automatic analysis of heartbeat sounds and extraction of its audio features can assist physicians towards diagnosing diseases. Textual transcription allows recording a continuous heart sound stream using a text format which can be stored in very small memory in comparison with other audio formats. In addition, a text-based data allows applying indexing and searching techniques to access to the critical events. Hence, the transcribed heartbeat sounds provides useful information to monitor the behavior of a patient for the long duration of time. This paper proposes a frequency shifting method in order to improve the performance of the transcription. The main objective of this study is to transfer the heartbeat sounds to the music domain. The proposed technique is tested with 100 samples which were recorded from different heart diseases categories. The observed results show that, the proposed shifting method significantly improves the performance of the transcription.

The Theory of Industrial Society and Cultural Schemata: Does the "Cultural Myth of Stigma" Underlie the WHO Schizophrenia Paradox?

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Pescosolido, Bernice A; Martin, Jack K; Olafsdottir, Sigrun; Long, J Scott; Kafadar, Karen; Medina, Tait R

2015-11-01

The WHO's International Studies of Schizophrenia conclude that schizophrenia may have a more benign course in "developing" societies than in the West. The authors focus on this finding's most common corollary: cultural schemata are shaped by the transition from agrarian to industrial society. Developing societies are viewed as traditional, gemeinschaft cultures lacking the stigmatizing beliefs about persons with mental illness held in modern, gesellschaft cultures of developed societies. The Stigma in Global Context-Mental Health Study formalized the cultural myth of public stigma (CMPS) with propositions linking level of development to intolerant, exclusionary, and individualistic attitudes. In 17 countries, the authors find no support for the corollary; where support is found, the findings are opposite expectations, with developed societies reporting lower stigma levels. Reconceptualizing of the cultural landscape on more specific dimensions also produces null or contrary findings. This correction to nostalgic myths of cultural context in developing societies thwarts misguided treatment, policy, and stigma-reduction efforts.

Joint Textual And Visual Cues For Retrieving Images Using Latent Semantic Indexing

OpenAIRE

Pecenovic, Zoran; Ayer, Serge; Vetterli, Martin

2001-01-01

In this article we present a novel approach of integrating textual and visual descriptors of images in a unified retrieval structure. The methodology, inspired from text retrieval and information filtering is based on Latent Semantic Indexing (LS1).

Absorbing stories : The effects of textual devices on absorption and evaluative responses

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kuijpers, Moniek

2014-01-01

In previous research on absorption, the focus has been primarily on the reader
and only little systematic empirical investigation of the possible textual determinants of absorption has been conducted. Furthermore, no attention has been paid to the relationship between aesthetic experiences, such as

A Contrastive Analysis of the Links of Textuality in Abstracts Written by Persian and English Writers in Clinical Psychology Journals

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Abbas Mehrabi Boshrabadi

2014-07-01

Full Text Available It is generally agreed today that lexical cohesion is one of the fundamental elements of the text texture achieved through lexical semantic relations dominating the arrangement of propositional units in a text. Accordingly, this study sought to compare and contrast the textual links or lexical cohesive devices enlisted in the psychological abstracts written by Persian and English writers. To this end, 40 abstracts from Persian and English articles, 20 in each language, published in clinical psychology journals were randomly selected. The framework serving as tertium comprationis for analyzing lexical cohesion markers was derived from Halliday and Hasan’s (1976 model [Halliday, M. A. K., & Hasan, R. (1976. Cohesion in English. London: Longman]. A frequency count analysis was employed to gauge the number of occurrences of cohesive links in the selected corpus. The results revealed that lexical links of synonymy and repetition were more frequent than other cohesive devices in both English and Persian abstracts.

El concepto de ficcionalidad: Teoría y representaciones textuales

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Álamo Felices, Francisco

2014-06-01

Full Text Available This article is an updated tour —scientific, terminological and bibliographical— of the concept of fictionality and its fundamental textual representations. The structure of this article is drawn from a prior state of the issue and moves on to a theoretical exposition of these fictional forms, to which a sampler of narrative examples applied to each of the analyzed narratives is added. All of this is complemented by recent contributions made within the field of fictionality by both literary critics and the novelists themselves.Este trabajo es un recorrido actualizado —científico, terminológico y bibliográfico— acerca del concepto de ficcionalidad y sus representaciones textuales fundamentales. La estructura del artículo se traza desde un estado previo de la cuestión para continuar con una exposición teórica de dichas modalidades ficcionales a lo que se añade un muestrario de ejemplos narrativos aplicados a cada caso analizado. Todo lo anterior se complementa con las últimas aportaciones que, en el campo de la ficcionalidad, han realizado tanto la crítica literaria como los propios novelistas.

Effects of Textual Enhancement and Input Enrichment on L2 Development

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Rassaei, Ehsan

2015-01-01

Research on second language (L2) acquisition has recently sought to include formal instruction into second and foreign language classrooms in a more unobtrusive and implicit manner. Textual enhancement and input enrichment are two techniques which are aimed at drawing learners' attention to specific linguistic features in input and at the same…

Principles of Textual Communication. On the Basis of Polish Press Reports after President Obama’s 2009 Inauguration

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Piotr P. Chruszczewski

2009-11-01

Full Text Available On the basis of the assumption that any discourse is a highly context-dependent, and dynamically changing phenomenon of textual nature, and with reference to the fact that there may be used in linguistic research certain standards of textuality, the paper shows that the standards can be grouped into, e.g., three general sections (text-oriented, sender-oriented and context-oriented which can be used as a starting point for further research in the study of textlinguistics and journalistic discourse.

Revisão textual: para além da revisão linguística

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Sueli Maria Coelho

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Este artigo pretende reforçar a ideia de que a revisão textual deve extrapolar a simples correção de questões gramaticais e ortográficas nos textos. Para além dessas questões, observar parâmetros como o gênero e a textualidade no material a ser revisado, bem como se ele está adequado em relação a normas de publicação, discussão do tema e aspectos gráficos faz-se fundamental para uma boa revisão textual. Após discussões teóricas a respeito de aspectos globais do texto, tais como a noção de gêneros textuais/discursivos e a de textualidade, buscou-se mostrar, por meio da análise de três textos (um resumo acadêmico, uma notícia retirada de um sítio e uma piada como os aspectos aqui discutidos influenciam na tomada de decisões do revisor.Palavras-Chave: Revisão textual; Revisão linguística e temática; Revisão gráfica e normalizadora; Gêneros textuais/discursivos.

Exploration of Textual Interactions in CALL Learning Communities: Emerging Research and Opportunities

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White, Jonathan R.

2017-01-01

Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) has greatly enhanced the realm of online social interaction and behavior. In language classrooms, it allows the opportunity for students to enhance their learning experiences. "Exploration of Textual Interactions in CALL Learning Communities: Emerging Research and Opportunities" is an ideal…

Predicting Learning-Related Emotions from Students' Textual Classroom Feedback via Twitter

Science.gov (United States)

Altrabsheh, Nabeela; Cocea, Mihaela; Fallahkhair, Sanaz

2015-01-01

Teachers/lecturers typically adapt their teaching to respond to students' emotions, e.g. provide more examples when they think the students are confused. While getting a feel of the students' emotions is easier in small settings, it is much more difficult in larger groups. In these larger settings textual feedback from students could provide…

Relational Data Modelling of Textual Corpora: The Skaldic Project and its Extensions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wills, Tarrin Jon

2015-01-01

Skaldic poetry is a highly complex textual phenomenon both in terms of the intricacy of the poetry and its contextual environment. Extensible Markup Language (XML) applications such as that of the Text Encoding Initiative provide a means of semantic representation of some of these complexities. XML...

Text in context: a textual-linguistic approach to Amos 4: 7-8

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del Barco del Barco, Francisco Javier

2002-12-01

Full Text Available This article will study Amos 4:7-8 from a textlinguistic approach: the form of this section will be analyzed within the structure of the chapter in which it is inserted. Such an analysis is needed because the set of verb forms used seems to be different from the rest of verb forms used in the chapter. While the whole chapter tends to be structured as a brief chain of narrative passages with wayyiqtol, the structure of Amos 4:7-8 seems to be a predictive section -developed through weqatal- inserted or pasted in the middle of the chapter. Translations usually do not note the difference between the set of verb forms used. A textlinguistic analysis of Amos 4:7-8 will show that the kind of discourse used here is different from the one used in the rest of the chapter, and, therefore, this difference should be reflected in the translation. The specific function of some discourse types is also discussed.

En este artículo se presenta un análisis de Amos 4:7-8 a partir de los presupuestos de la lingüística textual. La forma del texto se analizará tomando en cuenta la estructura del capítulo en el que se halla inserto. Este análisis resulta necesario porque el grupo de formas verbales utilizado en la sección propuesta no parece ser el mismo que el del resto del capítulo. Mientras el capítulo en su conjunto es un discurso narrativo estructurado en torno a wayyiqtol, Amos 4:7-8 parece responder al esquema del discurso predictivo desarrollado a partir de weqatal. Un análisis textual se hace necesario porque las traducciones bíblicas no parecen hacerse eco del cambio en el uso de las formas verbales. Además de este análisis, se trata también de la función específica de algunos tipos de discurso.

Machine learning approaches to analysing textual injury surveillance data: a systematic review.

Science.gov (United States)

Vallmuur, Kirsten

2015-06-01

To synthesise recent research on the use of machine learning approaches to mining textual injury surveillance data. Systematic review. The electronic databases which were searched included PubMed, Cinahl, Medline, Google Scholar, and Proquest. The bibliography of all relevant articles was examined and associated articles were identified using a snowballing technique. For inclusion, articles were required to meet the following criteria: (a) used a health-related database, (b) focused on injury-related cases, AND used machine learning approaches to analyse textual data. The papers identified through the search were screened resulting in 16 papers selected for review. Articles were reviewed to describe the databases and methodology used, the strength and limitations of different techniques, and quality assurance approaches used. Due to heterogeneity between studies meta-analysis was not performed. Occupational injuries were the focus of half of the machine learning studies and the most common methods described were Bayesian probability or Bayesian network based methods to either predict injury categories or extract common injury scenarios. Models were evaluated through either comparison with gold standard data or content expert evaluation or statistical measures of quality. Machine learning was found to provide high precision and accuracy when predicting a small number of categories, was valuable for visualisation of injury patterns and prediction of future outcomes. However, difficulties related to generalizability, source data quality, complexity of models and integration of content and technical knowledge were discussed. The use of narrative text for injury surveillance has grown in popularity, complexity and quality over recent years. With advances in data mining techniques, increased capacity for analysis of large databases, and involvement of computer scientists in the injury prevention field, along with more comprehensive use and description of quality

Extracting the Textual and Temporal Structure of Supercomputing Logs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jain, S; Singh, I; Chandra, A; Zhang, Z; Bronevetsky, G

2009-05-26

Supercomputers are prone to frequent faults that adversely affect their performance, reliability and functionality. System logs collected on these systems are a valuable resource of information about their operational status and health. However, their massive size, complexity, and lack of standard format makes it difficult to automatically extract information that can be used to improve system management. In this work we propose a novel method to succinctly represent the contents of supercomputing logs, by using textual clustering to automatically find the syntactic structures of log messages. This information is used to automatically classify messages into semantic groups via an online clustering algorithm. Further, we describe a methodology for using the temporal proximity between groups of log messages to identify correlated events in the system. We apply our proposed methods to two large, publicly available supercomputing logs and show that our technique features nearly perfect accuracy for online log-classification and extracts meaningful structural and temporal message patterns that can be used to improve the accuracy of other log analysis techniques.

A Linguistic Approach to Identify the Affective Dimension Expressed in Textual Messages

Science.gov (United States)

Rigo, Sandro José; da Rosa Alves, Isa Mara; Victória Barbosa, Jorge Luis

2015-01-01

The digital mediation resources used in Distance Education can hinder the teacher's perception about the student's state of mind. However, the textual expression in natural language is widely encouraged in most Distance Education courses, through the use of Virtual Learning Environments and other digital tools. This fact has motivated research…

Multimedia and Textual Reading Comprehension: Multimedia as Personal Learning Environment’s Enriching Format

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Jose Daniel García Martínez

2017-01-01

Full Text Available In this article we will discuss part of a piece of research that was conducted with two 4ESO groups. Textual learning is opposed to multimedia learning within the context of PLE’s (Personal Learning Environment reading tools and strategies. In the research an analysis was made of whether it would be possible to improve the reading process through multimedia over a school term in two different aspects; one evolutionary with six classroom exercises and one evaluation with a final exercise. Concretely, this article states the number of question mistakes that the students made. The data indicates that there is a better evolution in students that performed the multimedia dynamic, although there are not any relevant differences in the final evaluation.

Computer-Assisted Search Of Large Textual Data Bases

Science.gov (United States)

Driscoll, James R.

1995-01-01

"QA" denotes high-speed computer system for searching diverse collections of documents including (but not limited to) technical reference manuals, legal documents, medical documents, news releases, and patents. Incorporates previously available and emerging information-retrieval technology to help user intelligently and rapidly locate information found in large textual data bases. Technology includes provision for inquiries in natural language; statistical ranking of retrieved information; artificial-intelligence implementation of semantics, in which "surface level" knowledge found in text used to improve ranking of retrieved information; and relevance feedback, in which user's judgements of relevance of some retrieved documents used automatically to modify search for further information.

Harm reduction in U.S. tobacco control: Constructions in textual news media.

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Eversman, Michael H

2015-06-01

U.S. tobacco control has long emphasized abstinence, yet quitting smoking is hard and cessation rates low. Tobacco harm reduction alternatives espouse substituting cigarettes with safer nicotine and tobacco products. Policy shifts embracing tobacco harm reduction have increased media attention, yet it remains controversial. Discourse theory posits language as fluid, and socially constructed meaning as neither absolute nor neutral, elevating certain views over others while depicting "discursive struggle" between them. While an abstinence-based framework dominates tobacco policy, discourse theory suggests constructions of nicotine and tobacco use can change, for example by positioning tobacco harm reduction more favorably. Textual discourse analysis was used to explore constructions of tobacco harm reduction in 478 (308 original) U.S. textual news media articles spanning 1996-2014. Using keyword database sampling, retrieved articles were analyzed first as discrete recording units and then to identify emergent thematic content. Constructions of tobacco harm reduction shifted over this time, revealing tension among industry and policy interests through competing definitions of tobacco harm reduction, depictions of its underlying science, and accounts of regulatory matters including tobacco industry support for harm reduction and desired marketing and taxation legislation. Heightened salience surrounding tobacco harm reduction and electronic cigarettes suggests their greater acceptance in U.S. tobacco control. Various media depictions construct harm reduction as a temporary means to cessation, and conflict with other constructions of it that place no subjective value on continued "safer" tobacco/nicotine use. Constructions of science largely obscure claims of the veracity of tobacco harm reduction, with conflict surrounding appropriate public health benchmarks for tobacco policy and health risks of nicotine use. Taxation policies and e-cigarette pricing relative to

Textual Self-branding: the Rhetorical Ethos in Mallarmé’s Divagations

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Arild Michel Bakken

2011-11-01

Full Text Available This article examines, from a rhetorical perspective, the textual presence of the auctorial figure in Mallarmé’s collection of prose writings, Divagations. It challenges the traditional and structuralist idea of Mallarmé as a poet eager to exclude his own persona from his work, and even as the initiator of the “death of the author.” Recent Mallarméan studies have been shifting the field’s attention away from the myth of the ivory tower to focus on the poet’s social project as it appears in the Divagations. Such a project presupposes a rhetorical commitment, and thus an auctorial presence in the text. The question that is raised here is then what role the figure of the poet plays in Mallarmé’s rhetorical strategy. A close rhetorical analysis of the Divagations reveals that the poet constantly, although discreetly, writes his own persona into the text. Throughout the Divagations, Mallarmé deploys much effort to give his persona qualities likely to win the support of his audience. It is argued that this manifest ethos preoccupation has a double function. The rhetorically efficient image of the poet is obviously intended to add authority to his social project. However, the poet’s constant cultivation of his textual figure shows that the ethos has gained a certain autonomy. An important preoccupation for the poet is in fact to brand himself as an author: contrary to the traditional idea of the absent poet, the auctorial figure seems to be one of the primary subjects of the Divagations. The argument thus invites us, in order to avoid overlooking this central aspect of Mallarmé’s project, to take the ethos perspective into account in any approach to Mallarmé’s prose work.

Perceptions and Beliefs about Textual Appropriation and Source Use in Second Language Writing

Science.gov (United States)

Polio, Charlene; Shi, Ling

2012-01-01

Perceptions and judgments on plagiarism or acceptable use of source texts are contingent on one's interpretations and experiences in reading and writing academic texts in a specific disciplinary context. The lack of consensus on what is acceptable textual appropriation in student writing has led to the scholarship on perceptions of textual…

Arguing in L2: Discourse Structure and Textual Metadiscourse in Philippine Newspaper Editorials

Science.gov (United States)

Tarrayo, Veronico N.; Duque, Marie Claire T.

2011-01-01

This study described the discourse structure and textual metadiscourse in newspaper editorials in the Philippines where English is used as a second language or L2. Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions: (1) What discourse features characterize the structure of the following parts of Philippine newspaper editorials--orientation…

Textual and shape-based feature extraction and neuro-fuzzy classifier for nuclear track recognition

Science.gov (United States)

Khayat, Omid; Afarideh, Hossein

2013-04-01

Track counting algorithms as one of the fundamental principles of nuclear science have been emphasized in the recent years. Accurate measurement of nuclear tracks on solid-state nuclear track detectors is the aim of track counting systems. Commonly track counting systems comprise a hardware system for the task of imaging and software for analysing the track images. In this paper, a track recognition algorithm based on 12 defined textual and shape-based features and a neuro-fuzzy classifier is proposed. Features are defined so as to discern the tracks from the background and small objects. Then, according to the defined features, tracks are detected using a trained neuro-fuzzy system. Features and the classifier are finally validated via 100 Alpha track images and 40 training samples. It is shown that principle textual and shape-based features concomitantly yield a high rate of track detection compared with the single-feature based methods.

A New Framework for Textual Information Mining over Parse Trees. CRESST Report 805

Science.gov (United States)

Mousavi, Hamid; Kerr, Deirdre; Iseli, Markus R.

2011-01-01

Textual information mining is a challenging problem that has resulted in the creation of many different rule-based linguistic query languages. However, these languages generally are not optimized for the purpose of text mining. In other words, they usually consider queries as individuals and only return raw results for each query. Moreover they…

Norman Fairclough’s Textually Oriented Discourse Analysis in Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita

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Pegah Sheibeh

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The present study is an attempt to use “textually oriented discourse analysis” of Norman Fairclough, (1941, to offer a new reading of Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita (1955. The researcher found it quite appropriate to read the chosen work through Fairclough’s stylistic and discursive features in order to represent the identities of the main characters. Nabokov’s works represent an important portrayal of discursive challenges in the post-war American society that is largely invested in Fairclough’s theory. One of the most apparent aspects in Nabokov’s works is that of social identity and subject formation. As discourse theory denotes, a subject 'misrepresents' the world in ideology because he wants to do so, because there is some reward or benefit to him in doing so. Similarly Humbert Humbert in Lolita is looking for an imaginary world by which he can hide his suppressed identity. He fakes a new identity for himself through fiction. Considering the style of narration in Lolita, some reader consider Humbert as an unreliable narrator, he sometimes makes up some events and in some parts of the story he seems insane and uncertain. In Lolita Nabokov tries to show that each individual creates his/her reality and do not reflect reality. Humbert narrates his personal story from his point of view which might be different from people around him. Reality in Nabokov’s perspective is subjective and mixture of memory and imagination.

Análisis textual y representación de eventos sociales: una mirada a dos documentos de política educativa colombiana desde el análisis crítico del discurso* Textual analysis and representation of social events: a look at two documents of colombian educational policy from the point of view of critical discourse analysis

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Doris Adriana Santos Caicedo

2008-12-01

Full Text Available A partir de una propuesta de trabajo en Fairclough (2003 para el análisis textual en la investigación social, se llevó a cabo el análisis de dos decretos promulgados por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia en la etapa de contextualización de un estudio etnográfico crítico sobre las experiencias subjetivas acerca de la autonomía en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de un grupo de estudiantes, profesores y directivos universitarios colombianos. Se analizaron las escogencias léxicas para la representación de los actores y procesos sociales involucrados en estos decretos, así como el grado de abstracción o especificación de tales escogencias, entre otros aspectos. Algunos de los hallazgos se refieren a la ausencia del maestro (exclusión en el discurso por supresión así como la ratificación del estudiante como objeto y no sujeto de las acciones en el proceso educativo (predominio de la nominalización.Based on a work proposal found in Fairclough (2003 for the textual analysis in social investigation, this study deals with the analysis of two decrees issued by the Colombian National Ministry of Education during the stage of contextualization of a critical ethnographic study on the subjective experiences of the autonomy of the teaching and learning processes of a group of Colombian college students, professors and administrators. The study also looks both at the lexical choices in the representation of the actors and the social processes included in the decrees and at the level of abstraction or specification of such choices. Some of the findings show the absence of the professor (exclusion from the discourse by suppression as well as the ratification of the student as an object, not as a subject of the educational action (prevalence of nominalization.

The Text's the Thing: Using (Neglected) Issues of Textual Scholarship to Help Students Reimagine Shakespeare

Science.gov (United States)

Parsons, Scott

2009-01-01

Do individuals know what words Shakespeare actually wrote? Exploring these issues can yield dramatic interest. With references to Shakespeare's Quartos and Folios, the author examines key textual issues and discrepancies in classroom studies of "Hamlet." (Contains 8 notes.)

Antiabecedarian Desires: Odd Narratology and Digital Textuality

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Asunción López-Varela Azcárate

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Los sistemas de escritura rompen barreras temporales y permiten compartir conocimiento y preservarlo. Como si fuesen organismos vivos, las estructuras narratológicas que conforman la comunicación textual crecen a partir de principios de orden y formas de codificación cuyas raíces retroceden hasta un proto-alfabeto de origen semítico. Sin embargo, la historia literaria incluye muchos ejemplos que, cual virus, han buscado quebrantar el cuerpo de la textualidad alfabética. Este ensayo estudia tres artistas fundamentales, James Joyce, Jorge Luis Borges,William Burroughs, junto con varias obras contemporáneas de literatura electrónica. Todos ellos ponen en cuestión los principios organizativos alfabéticos y anticipan el debate sobre la importancia o no de las estructuras lineales en los sistemas de representación.

Intervenção fonoaudiológica com gêneros textuais em um grupo de escolares Speech Therapy intervention with textual genders in a group of school age children

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Ane Caroline Brisch Schneider

2010-04-01

report of failure and repetition. The textual production analysis with free thematic was carried out by using the scale of Lubian (2007. The therapeutic intervention occurred between September 2007 and June 2008. The textual production was again analyzed, at the end of the therapeutic work, according to the same scale. RESULTS: the work with textual genders increased motivation for reading and writing and, thus, showed improvement in textual progression and cohesion, as well as adjustment to the formal aspects of writing, such as orthography and punctuation. Group work was essential to enable the members of the group to give a new sense of meaning on the complaint through the constant dialog, with exchange of school and family situations. CONCLUSION: the therapy with textual genders motivated other practices in reading and writing in the studied group. Additionally, the case studies show no reference to real disorders, but lack of efficient practice in written language.

Preparing for opening night: temporal boundary objects in textually-mediated professional practice

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Elisabeth Davies

2004-01-01

Full Text Available The authors report on two projects in which the role of documents as temporal boundary objects mediating information practices across multiple timelines was explored. It has been suggested that studying workplace documents will uncover the information practices of professionals beyond traditional information needs and uses studies. Two workplaces were studied: a professional theatre production and a midwifery clinic. Both settings are communities constructed partly through textual dynamics and both have a pre-production phase leading to an opening night. In the theatre setting, qualitative interviews with the cast and crew and document analysis of the prompt book were the means of data collection. The midwifery clinic setting was investigated by means of interviews and follow-ups with sixteen midwife-client pairs and document analysis of the antenatal record. Preliminary thematic analysis pertaining to time and information was conducted on interview transcripts and the relevant documents. It was possible to show several instances of both the prompt book and the antenatal record being treated as a timeline by the various professionals using them. The authors conclude with a discussion of the temporal aspects of professionals' information practices as revealed by these two projects and encourage further document-focused research.

A computational framework for converting textual clinical diagnostic criteria into the quality data model.

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Hong, Na; Li, Dingcheng; Yu, Yue; Xiu, Qiongying; Liu, Hongfang; Jiang, Guoqian

2016-10-01

Constructing standard and computable clinical diagnostic criteria is an important but challenging research field in the clinical informatics community. The Quality Data Model (QDM) is emerging as a promising information model for standardizing clinical diagnostic criteria. To develop and evaluate automated methods for converting textual clinical diagnostic criteria in a structured format using QDM. We used a clinical Natural Language Processing (NLP) tool known as cTAKES to detect sentences and annotate events in diagnostic criteria. We developed a rule-based approach for assigning the QDM datatype(s) to an individual criterion, whereas we invoked a machine learning algorithm based on the Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) for annotating attributes belonging to each particular QDM datatype. We manually developed an annotated corpus as the gold standard and used standard measures (precision, recall and f-measure) for the performance evaluation. We harvested 267 individual criteria with the datatypes of Symptom and Laboratory Test from 63 textual diagnostic criteria. We manually annotated attributes and values in 142 individual Laboratory Test criteria. The average performance of our rule-based approach was 0.84 of precision, 0.86 of recall, and 0.85 of f-measure; the performance of CRFs-based classification was 0.95 of precision, 0.88 of recall and 0.91 of f-measure. We also implemented a web-based tool that automatically translates textual Laboratory Test criteria into the QDM XML template format. The results indicated that our approaches leveraging cTAKES and CRFs are effective in facilitating diagnostic criteria annotation and classification. Our NLP-based computational framework is a feasible and useful solution in developing diagnostic criteria representation and computerization. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Sharing information books with kindergartners: The role of parents’ extra-textual talk and socioeconomic status

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Mol, S.E.; Neuman, S.B.

2014-01-01

The purpose of the study was to explore how features of parent-child extra-textual talk during information book-sharing might vary across different socioeconomic backgrounds, and to determine if certain interactional patterns might mediate their effects on children's receptive and expressive

Comprensión y Producción Textual Narrativa en Estudiantes de Educación Primaria

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LEIDY TATIANA GUZMÁN TORRES

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Por medio de un enfoque mixto, se caracterizó la comprensión y producción textual narrativa en estudiantes de educación primaria (primero y segundo grado, así como aspectos psicosociales (valor social de la lectura y hábito lector y contextuales (interacciones cognitivas y afectivas docente-niños en docentes de educación primaria de tres instituciones educativas. Se encontró que los estudiantes tuvieron un desempeño medio alto en producción textual y comprensión literal, y bajo en comprensión inferencial. Además, se observó que la mayoría de las docentes son lectoras ocasionales, emplean interacciones cognitivas unidireccionales, ofrecen un mediano apoyo emocional a sus estudiantes y valoran la lectura como una herramienta instrumental y lúdica.

The Ubiquity of Humanity and Textuality in Human Experience

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Daihyun Chung

2015-11-01

Full Text Available The so-called “crisis of the humanities” can be understood in terms of an asymmetry between the natural and social sciences on the one hand and the humanities on the other. While the sciences approach topics related to human experience in quantificational or experimental terms, the humanities turn to ancient, canonical, and other texts in the search for truths about human experience. As each approach has its own unique limitations, it is desirable to overcome or remove the asymmetry between them. The present article seeks to do just that by advancing and defending the following two claims: (a that humanity is ubiquitous wherever language is used; and (b that anything that can be experienced by humans is in need of an interpretation. Two arguments are presented in support of these claims. The first argument concerns the nature of questions, which are one of the fundamental marks or manifestations of human language. All questions are ultimately attempts to find meanings or interpretations of what is presented. As such, in questioning phenomena, one seeks to transcend the negative space or oppression of imposed structures; in doing so, one reveals one’s humanity. Second, all phenomena are textual in nature: that which astrophysicists find in distant galaxies or which cognitive neuroscientists find in the structures of the human brain are no less in need of interpretation than the dialogues of Plato or the poems of Homer. Texts are ubiquitous. The implications of these two arguments are identified and discussed in this article. In particular, it is argued that the ubiquity of humanity and textuality points to a view of human nature that is neither individualistic nor collectivist but rather integrational in suggesting that the realization of oneself is inseparable from the realization of others.

Applications of social media and social network analysis

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Kazienko, Przemyslaw

2015-01-01

This collection of contributed chapters demonstrates a wide range of applications within two overlapping research domains: social media analysis and social network analysis. Various methodologies were utilized in the twelve individual chapters including static, dynamic and real-time approaches to graph, textual and multimedia data analysis. The topics apply to reputation computation, emotion detection, topic evolution, rumor propagation, evaluation of textual opinions, friend ranking, analysis of public transportation networks, diffusion in dynamic networks, analysis of contributors to commun

Textual Transformations in Contemporary Black Writing in Britain

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Jawhar Ahmed Dhouib

2014-04-01

Full Text Available While the first wave of Caribbean immigrant writers brilliantly explored race-related issues, black Britons like Andrea Levy, Zadie Smith and Caryl Phillips, among others, have sought to depart from earlier fiction, motivated in their project by the changing white face of Britain. In this article, I would like to argue that cultural change in Britain has deeply influenced literary production and has, consequently, laid the ground for a series of textual transformations. To capture instances of creative excess in contemporary black writing in Britain, I will bring under examination Caryl Phillips’s (2009 novel In the Falling Snow. My intention is to show to what extent Phillips’s work surpasses the ‘noose of race’ and already-familiar representations of multicultural Britain to celebrate a ‘post-racial’ society.

Towards a textual history of La Galatea

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Juan Montero

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Studying the different printings and editions of La Galatea allows one to establish the work’s textual history. The present study seeks to accomplish this, following this pattern: a the princeps of 1585; b early printings from 1590-1618 and from the book’s editorial resurgence from 1736-1846; c the editions from 1863 until today and the foundations of a critical edition. The following conclusions are proposed: a the princeps is the closest text to the author’s intention, but contains errors that any editor should identify and correct, if possible; b the editions that date from 1590-1846 include useful readings in that endeavor; c modern editions of La Galatea have erred in general in an exaggerated fidelity to the princeps, with the exception of the one by C. Rosell in 1863, in which other printings were taken into account and the text was emended, even excessively.

Gramática y producción textual: bases lingüísticas para la intervención didáctica | Grammar and Textual production: Linguistic Bases for Educational Intervention

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Francisco Javier Perea Siller

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Resumen El aprendizaje de la gramática en la enseñanza secundaria continúa utilizando una metodología deductiva, a la vez que se presenta desconectada de los otros componentes de la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la asignatura Lengua castellana y literatura. Para escapar de los planteamientos deductivos, en primer lugar adoptamos un punto de vista discursivo; en segundo lugar, proponemos partir del conocimiento de la producción escrita de los estudiantes, caracterizada por la pobreza de recursos y la presencia de errores. La Lingüística de Corpus permite conocer el primer aspecto, por ejemplo, nexos para conectar partes del texto. Por su parte, el Análisis de Errores revela las incorrecciones que en mayor medida cometen los estudiantes, tales como problemas de correferencia en textos narrativos o solecismos y errores pragmáticos en textos argumentativos. Estas dificultades, situadas en contextos textuales concretos, deben proponerse como los principales objetos de aprendizaje de la gramática a la vez que deben incidir en la forma en la que el profesor afronta la gramática. Abstract Secondary schools still use a deductive approach in learning grammar. Besides, grammar learning continues to be disconnected from the other components of the teaching and learning of the subject Lengua Castellana y Literatura. To avoid the deductive approach, firstly we adopt a discursive point of view; secondly, we propose to start with the knowledge of our students’ written productions, which are characterized mainly by poverty of resources and the presence of errors. Corpus Linguistics allows us to know the first aspect, for example, links to connect parts of the text. Meanwhile, Error Analysis reveals the inaccuracies that the students produce, such as coreference problems in narrative texts or solecisms and pragmatic errors in argumentative texts. Such difficulties, situated in specific textual contexts, should be proposed as the main objects of grammar

Cocuyo: Una Matriz de identidad y su despliegue en submunrlos textuales

OpenAIRE

Cristián Montes

2016-01-01

El presente artículo intenta actualizar una lectura coherente de la novela Cocuyo. Para esto, se ha trabajado con la idea de matriz propuesta por Michael Riffatene, y de mundo posible de Tomás Albaladejo Mayordomo. Ambas teorías permiten dar cuenta del problema de la identidad desde ángulos complementarios y a partir del motivo del viaje. De este modo puede apreciarse que la matríz propuesta es desplegada en los diversos submundos textuales los cuales, a su vez, develan la imagen de mundo y d...

SECRETARIAT AND TEXTUAL PRODUCTION: ARGUMENTATION IN THE TEXTUAL GENRE LETTER OF DECLARATION O SECRETARIADO E A PRODUÇÃO TEXTUAL: A ARGUMENTAÇÃO NO GÊNERO DECLARAÇÃO

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Erivaldo Pereira do Nascimento

2012-05-01

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This article aims at describing the semantic argumentative structure of the textual/discursive genre Letter of Declaration, one of the documents with which the executive secretary frequently deals. This investigation is based on the Argumention Theory in the Language proposed by Ducrot (1988,1987. We also used the studies about Discursive Modalization proposed by Koch (2002, Castilho e Castilho (1993, Nascimento (2005, among others. Modalization is considered here as a semantic argumentative strategy, as it enables the speaker to make a statement or to express a point of view about the content of his/her enunciation, according to the interlocution. This study about the previously mentioned gender is qualitative, quantitative and descriptive. The corpus used is composed of 20 (twenty Letters of Declaration issued by different organizations or private and public institutions. We perceived that in the Letters of Declaration analysed argumentation is achieved by the use of modalizers and argumentative operators, used by the speaker to produce different effects of meaning in the texts.

Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever a estrutura semântico-argumentativa do gênero textual/discursivo declaração, um dos documentos com o qual o profissional de Secretariado lida frequentemente. Essa investigação tem como base a Teoria da Argumentação na Língua, proposta por Ducrot (1988, 1987. Utilizamos também os estudos de Modalização Discursiva, proposta por Koch (2002, Castilho e Castilho (1993, Nascimento (2005, entre outros. A modalização é aqui considerada como uma estratégia semântico-argumentativa, uma vez que permite ao locutor imprimir uma avaliação ou ponto de vista sobre o conteúdo de seu enunciado, em função da interlocução. A investigação realizada a respeito do referido gênero é de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa, de cunho descritivo, e o corpus utilizado é constituído por 20

Exploring the Textual Metafunction in a Biblical-Fictional Parable in Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o’s Devil on the Cross

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Yémalo C. Amoussou

2016-09-01

Full Text Available This paper explores the textual metafunctional patterns in two fictional versions of a Biblical Parable in Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o’s novel Devil on the Cross (1982 in order to find the similarities and differences between their compositional features. It critically draws on the theory of systemic functional linguistics expounded by specialists like Halliday (1994, Halliday and Matthiessen (2004 and Eggins (2004 to overview the theoretical background to the study, with focus on the grammar of textual meaning, proposes a new Theme classification and uses it to analyze the Thematic structure and taxis system of the two extracts. The researcher has come to the conclusion that, though they are initially spoken, these texts show such interesting textual-meaning properties as the density of ellipsis, of circumstantial and interpersonal thematization, of taxis and rank shift that they should be qualified to belong to both spoken and written mode of discourse.

Telling the Holy Sepulchre. “Mises en scène” and textual representations

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Hans-Joachim Schmidt

2016-06-01

Full Text Available During the Middle Ages, places and holy objects were concrete in their materiality and especially in their geographical location. However they could also proliferate in other places, in a real “multiplication of presence”. Indeed, texts and maps informed the reader and the spectator, but also put him in touch with the sphere of the holiness. The idea of the omnipresence of the salvation facilitated a relocation of the poles of worship, which was nevertheless based on material contacts. This contrast between dematerialization and attachment to things maintained a play of opposites between absence and presence. The material or textual reproduction of objects and holy places made sure they became accessible for all those who would not or could not travel to them. This contribution offers an analysis of maps and various stories of medieval authors which make a symbolic approach to the holy places in Jerusalem accessible to many believers.

Textual healing: tailor-made kabbalistic therapeutics in Jerusalem.

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Guzmen-Carmeli, Shlomo; Sharabi, Asaf

2017-10-30

This paper, based on fieldwork conducted in a Jerusalem yeshiva, describes how the yeshiva, a traditional institute of religious studies, also serves as an institution of healing and personal therapy in which sacred religious texts assume a central place. The article focuses on personal sessions between the rabbi who heads the yeshiva, and his audience of believers who turn to him for help in coping with personal hardships and tribulations. The paper contextualizes and elaborates upon the concept of 'deep healing' to describe how the rabbi uses his regular 'tool kit' to diagnose the problems of the person facing him and to offer optimal, personalized therapy. The rabbi uses religious texts to create textual deep healing processes that are tailor-made for the individual supplicant and are intended to accompany supplicants for a long period of time.

How Strong Is Your Coffee? The Influence of Visual Metaphors and Textual Claims on Consumers' Flavor Perception and Product Evaluation.

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Fenko, Anna; de Vries, Roxan; van Rompay, Thomas

2018-01-01

This study investigates the relative impact of textual claims and visual metaphors displayed on the product's package on consumers' flavor experience and product evaluation. For consumers, strength is one of the most important sensory attributes of coffee. The 2 × 3 between-subjects experiment ( N = 123) compared the effects of visual metaphor of strength (an image of a lion located either on top or on the bottom of the package of coffee beans) and the direct textual claim ("extra strong") on consumers' responses to coffee, including product expectation, flavor evaluation, strength perception and purchase intention. The results demonstrate that both the textual claim and the visual metaphor can be efficient in communicating the product attribute of strength. The presence of the image positively influenced consumers' product expectations before tasting. The textual claim increased the perception of strength of coffee and the purchase intention of the product. The location of the image also played an important role in flavor perception and purchase intention. The image located on the bottom of the package increased the perceived strength of coffee and purchase intention of the product compared to the image on top of the package. This result could be interpreted from the perspective of the grounded cognition theory, which suggests that a picture in the lower part of the package would automatically activate the "strong is heavy" metaphor. As heavy objects are usually associated with a position on the ground, this would explain why perceiving a visually heavy package would lead to the experience of a strong coffee. Further research is needed to better understand the relationships between a metaphorical image and its spatial position in food packaging design.

Expressing emotions in blogs : The role of textual paralinguistic cues in online venting and social sharing posts

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Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Carmina; Tan, Ed S.H.; Verlegh, Peeter W.J.

2017-01-01

Textual paralanguage cues (TPC) have been signaled as effective emotion transmitters online. Though several studies have investigated their properties and occurrence, there remains a gap concerning their communicative impact within specific psychological processes, such as the social sharing of

Comprensión y producción textual narrativa en preescolares

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Luz Stella López Silva; Claudia Patricia Duque Aristizabal; Gina Lizeth Camargo Deluque; Amalia Ovalle Parra

2014-01-01

Este estudio buscó identificar y describir las habilidades de comprensión y producción textual narrativa de 158 estudiantes de transición de estrato 1 y 2 de colegios públicos de la ciudad de Barranquilla (Colombia). Para evaluar esta capacidad se les pidió a los niños que narraran un texto que se les había leído anteriormente. Las muestras de lenguaje se analizaron utilizando el software SALT y posteriormente se utilizó el software SPSS para realizar los análisis descriptivos. Se consideró l...

Redemptive Family Narratives: Olga Lengyel and the Textuality of the Holocaust*

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Turda, Marius

2016-01-01

Memoirs written by Holocaust survivors and (in some cases) their testimonies retain a salience unmatched by other historical sources. This article discusses one such memoir, Olga Lengyel’s Five Chimneys, alongside her 1998 testimony, aiming to engage with broader methodological issues relating to the history of the Holocaust, particularly those about memory, narrative and textuality. Through a detailed discussion of certain moments shaping Olga Lengyel’s personal experience, both pre-and post-arrival in Auschwitz, the article captures the tensions and contradictions characterizing the harrowing story of one woman’s loss of family in the Holocaust. PMID:27959969

Algunas consideraciones sobre la economía textual

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Lic. Carlos Lázaro Nodals García

2016-03-01

Full Text Available l artículo aborda el fenómeno de la proliferación de nuevos textos en las redes sociales, otras plataformas interactivas y equipos donde se aplican las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. Se hace un análisis de sus características, contextos en que se producen y la escritura con economía textual, como centro de un debate entre las posiciones que la rechazan o exponen los problemas que puede originar en el ámbito del respeto a la lengua materna, los que ven en los mismos un fenómeno objetivo, que es necesario asimilar además de contextualizar, entre los que se encuentran los autores del trabajo, que incluso aprecian su dominio, como parte de las competencias culturales y comunicativas del profesional proactivo del siglo XXI.

How Strong Is Your Coffee? The Influence of Visual Metaphors and Textual Claims on Consumers’ Flavor Perception and Product Evaluation

Science.gov (United States)

Fenko, Anna; de Vries, Roxan; van Rompay, Thomas

2018-01-01

This study investigates the relative impact of textual claims and visual metaphors displayed on the product’s package on consumers’ flavor experience and product evaluation. For consumers, strength is one of the most important sensory attributes of coffee. The 2 × 3 between-subjects experiment (N = 123) compared the effects of visual metaphor of strength (an image of a lion located either on top or on the bottom of the package of coffee beans) and the direct textual claim (“extra strong”) on consumers’ responses to coffee, including product expectation, flavor evaluation, strength perception and purchase intention. The results demonstrate that both the textual claim and the visual metaphor can be efficient in communicating the product attribute of strength. The presence of the image positively influenced consumers’ product expectations before tasting. The textual claim increased the perception of strength of coffee and the purchase intention of the product. The location of the image also played an important role in flavor perception and purchase intention. The image located on the bottom of the package increased the perceived strength of coffee and purchase intention of the product compared to the image on top of the package. This result could be interpreted from the perspective of the grounded cognition theory, which suggests that a picture in the lower part of the package would automatically activate the “strong is heavy” metaphor. As heavy objects are usually associated with a position on the ground, this would explain why perceiving a visually heavy package would lead to the experience of a strong coffee. Further research is needed to better understand the relationships between a metaphorical image and its spatial position in food packaging design. PMID:29459840

How Strong Is Your Coffee? The Influence of Visual Metaphors and Textual Claims on Consumers’ Flavor Perception and Product Evaluation

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Anna Fenko

2018-02-01

Full Text Available This study investigates the relative impact of textual claims and visual metaphors displayed on the product’s package on consumers’ flavor experience and product evaluation. For consumers, strength is one of the most important sensory attributes of coffee. The 2 × 3 between-subjects experiment (N = 123 compared the effects of visual metaphor of strength (an image of a lion located either on top or on the bottom of the package of coffee beans and the direct textual claim (“extra strong” on consumers’ responses to coffee, including product expectation, flavor evaluation, strength perception and purchase intention. The results demonstrate that both the textual claim and the visual metaphor can be efficient in communicating the product attribute of strength. The presence of the image positively influenced consumers’ product expectations before tasting. The textual claim increased the perception of strength of coffee and the purchase intention of the product. The location of the image also played an important role in flavor perception and purchase intention. The image located on the bottom of the package increased the perceived strength of coffee and purchase intention of the product compared to the image on top of the package. This result could be interpreted from the perspective of the grounded cognition theory, which suggests that a picture in the lower part of the package would automatically activate the “strong is heavy” metaphor. As heavy objects are usually associated with a position on the ground, this would explain why perceiving a visually heavy package would lead to the experience of a strong coffee. Further research is needed to better understand the relationships between a metaphorical image and its spatial position in food packaging design.

The Effects of Visual and Textual Annotations on Spanish Listening Comprehension, Vocabulary Acquisition and Cognitive Load

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Cottam, Michael Evan

2010-01-01

The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of textual and visual annotations on Spanish listening comprehension and vocabulary acquisition in the context of an online multimedia listening activity. 95 students who were enrolled in different sections of first year Spanish classes at a community college and a large…

The Japanese Amateur Textual Production Scene: Activities and Participation

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Alvaro David Hernández Hernández

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Animation, manga (Japanese comic books, and video games are some of the most popular media in Japan. The huge community of fans and amateur creators that concentrate twice a year at the massive event called Comic Market is one expression of this popularity. In this paper I focus on the Japanese culture of amateur manga, anime or other derivative texts, and present analysis of the way in which members relate to media texts and other members, in order to reveal two different orientations towards action within this culture: one that centers on individual activities, and the other on collective participation. To do this, I focus first on the Japanese amateur culture that is often called dōjin culture to find two basic perspectives. One regards this culture as forming communities or based on social interaction, and the other denies commonality in the relationships between members and stresses individual drive. Then, I focus on a similar distinction that shapes the main discourses concerning Japanese subculture and otaku, both categories within which dōjin culture can be categorized. Here I pay particular attention to two different orientations towards the value of media texts, which provide a reference for understanding the aforementioned opposition between commonality and individuality. In my conclusions, I suggest that this amateur culture can be regarded as an institution of textual appropriation, shaped by two orientations: activities and participation. 

Food and medicines in the Mediterranean tradition. A systematic analysis of the earliest extant body of textual evidence.

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Touwaide, Alain; Appetiti, Emanuela

2015-06-05

that humans have long been in contact with them, something that the medical uses of these species confirm, as they are multiple and finely distinguished. A pilot analysis of archeological remains of medicines confirms that textual evidence corresponds to physical evidence, that is, to the practice of medicine. As a consequence, textual information can be accepted as reflecting actual practice. Although the pseudo-aphorism according to which food are medicines and medicines are food does not appear as such in the Hippocratic Collection, it aptly expresses a fundamental element of the Hippocratic approach to therapeutics, without being, however, a creation of neither Hippocrates nor his followers and the physicians who practiced a form of medicine in the way of Hippocrates. A vast majority of the core group of plant species used for the preparation of medicines were also consumed as foodstuff. Knowledge and use of these plants probably resulted from a long co-existence in the same environment and also from multiple experiences of trial and error over millennia, whose results accumulated over time and contributed to the formation of the Mediterranean medical tradition. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Attitudes and emotions through written text: the case of textual deformation in internet chat rooms.

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Francisco Yus Ramos

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Los chats españoles de Internet son visitados por muchos jóvenes que usan el lenguaje de una forma muy creativa (ej. repetición de letras y signos de puntuación. En este artículo se evalúan varias hipótesis sobre el uso de la deformación textual respecto a su eficacia comunicativa. Se trata de comprobar si estas deformaciones favorecen una identificación y evaluación más adecuada de las actitudes (proposicionales o afectivas y emociones de sus autores. Las respuestas a un cuestionario revelan que a pesar de la información adicional que la deformación textual aporta, los lectores no suelen coincidir en la cualidad exacta de estas actitudes y emociones, ni establecen grados de intensidad relacionados con la cantidad de texto tecleada. Sin embargo, y a pesar de estos resultados, la deformación textual parece jugar un papel en la interpretación que finalmente se elige de estos mensajes enviados a los chats.

Interactive SIGHT: textual access to simple bar charts

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Demir, Seniz; Oliver, David; Schwartz, Edward; Elzer, Stephanie; Carberry, Sandra; Mccoy, Kathleen F.; Chester, Daniel

2010-12-01

Information graphics, such as bar charts and line graphs, are an important component of many articles from popular media. The majority of such graphics have an intention (a high-level message) to communicate to the graph viewer. Since the intended message of a graphic is often not repeated in the accompanying text, graphics together with the textual segments contribute to the overall purpose of an article and cannot be ignored. Unfortunately, these visual displays are provided in a format which is not readily accessible to everyone. For example, individuals with sight impairments who use screen readers to listen to documents have limited access to the graphics. This article presents a new accessibility tool, the Interactive SIGHT (Summarizing Information GrapHics Textually) system, that is intended to enable visually impaired users to access the knowledge that one would gain from viewing information graphics found on the web. The current system, which is implemented as a browser extension that works on simple bar charts, can be invoked by a user via a keystroke combination while navigating the web. Once launched, Interactive SIGHT first provides a brief summary that conveys the underlying intention of a bar chart along with the chart's most significant and salient features, and then produces history-aware follow-up responses to provide further information about the chart upon request from the user. We present two user studies that were conducted with sighted and visually impaired users to determine how effective the initial summary and follow-up responses are in conveying the informational content of bar charts, and to evaluate how easy it is to use the system interface. The evaluation results are promising and indicate that the system responses are well-structured and enable visually impaired users to answer key questions about bar charts in an easy-to-use manner. Post-experimental interviews revealed that visually impaired participants were very satisfied with

Integrating Ontological Knowledge and Textual Evidence in Estimating Gene and Gene Product Similarity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanfilippo, Antonio P.; Posse, Christian; Gopalan, Banu; Tratz, Stephen C.; Gregory, Michelle L.

2006-06-08

With the rising influence of the Gene On-tology, new approaches have emerged where the similarity between genes or gene products is obtained by comparing Gene Ontology code annotations associ-ated with them. So far, these approaches have solely relied on the knowledge en-coded in the Gene Ontology and the gene annotations associated with the Gene On-tology database. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate that improvements to these approaches can be obtained by integrating textual evidence extracted from relevant biomedical literature.

Nuevas alfabetizaciones en un entorno multimodal: nuevas necesidades lectoras para un entorno textual múltiple

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Juan Patricio Sánchez-Claros

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The new technologies of information, the development of the media and the massive presence of multimedia devices have brought a renewal of the traditional concept of literacy. Multimodality in the media, in the dissemination of knowledge and the communicat ion formats have brought a change in the system of reception of media objects and each of its integral elements. This multimodal environment is part of the daily life of students who access through a scenario of screens and images across a virtual environm ent in which both textual and visual are integrated as an informational continuum that requires to users new interpretation skills. And, consequently, a new approach to media literacy should be the subject of attention from educators. Media literac y implies the need to address new visual skills, new reading skills and especially new skills for integration and analysis, among those who cannot be set aside on the critical apparatus necessary. This paper discusses the content of these skills, some cri tical tools for multimodal approach speech as well as the role the four substrata of discourse, design, production and distribution , typical ofCritical Analysis of Multimodal Discourse are analysed .

COERÊNCIA IMAGÉTICO-TEXTUAL NO GÊNERO QUADRINHOS?

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Jack Brandão

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo objetiva o estudo analítico das linguagens verbal e não verbal presentes nas histórias em quadrinhos (tiras, com o intuito de verificar como a união das duas linguagens presentes no gênero é eficiente enquanto mecanismo auxiliador no processo de compreensão da mensagem transmitida. Enfatiza-se ainda a importância da parceria autor-leitor e de outros elementos como essenciais para que a leitura do (contexto aconteça, enfatizando-se a força do texto não verbal nesse processo. Esta investigação está alicerçada nos pressupostos teóricos da Linguística Textual e, em especial, do conceito de coerência, utilizando-se da leitura e análise de tiras elucidativas da personagem Mafalda, criação do cartunista argentino Quino, nos anos 60.

The Influence of Wittgenstein’s Philosophy of Language on the Textual Production of the Vienna Group

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Luka Bešlagić

2016-04-01

Full Text Available The entirety of Wittgenstein’s problematization of language was of particular importance for numerous Austrian postwar artists and art movements, but was possibly most evident in the poetics and heterogeneous practices of the Vienna Group. Analysis of selected texts of the latter neo-avantgarde movement – namely, Konrad Bayer’s the philosopher’s stone1 (1963 and Oswald Wiener’s the improvement of central europe, novel (1969 – unveils the direct influence of both of the early and late Wittgenstein, paradigmatically represented by his two major books: Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921 and Philosophical Investigations (1953. Texts of the Vienna Group to which this article refers to are not interpreted as literary works, but rather as diverse examples of textual production; instead of being analyzed as aesthetic objects, these texts are examined as platforms of potential inscription of Wittgensteinian critique of language.

Hacia una biblioteca electrónica textual del teatro en español de 1868-1936 (BETTE

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José Calvo Tello

2015-12-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-9288.2015v11n2p171 En este artículo se presenta el proyecto BETTE que consiste en la creación de una biblioteca electrónica textual del teatro en español de 1868-1936. Este proyecto lo lleva a cabo el grupo GHEDI (Grupo de Humanidades y edición digital de la Universidad Internacional de la Rioja (UNIR. El texto presenta un breve panorama de los cambios introducidos por el impacto de lo digital en el ámbito de la edición textual y  ofrece un estado de la cuestión de los proyectos que actualmente desarrollan las bibliotecas electrónicas que utilizan XML-TEI para codificar textos electrónicos. Asimismo, en él se presta atención  a los llamados lenguajes de marcado y se presentan algunas características de TEI (Text Encoding Initiative. Finalmente, se describen las particularidades de nuestro proyecto, objetivos y primeros avances.

What Good’s a Text? Textuality, Orality, and Mathematical Astronomy in Early Imperial China

OpenAIRE

Morgan, Daniel Patrick

2014-01-01

Article submitted to Archives internationales d'histoire des sciences; International audience; This paper examines a 226 ce debate on li 曆 mathematical astronomy at the Cao-Wei (226–265) court as a case study in the role of orality and person-to-person exchange in the transmission of astronomical knowledge in early imperial China. The li- and mathematics-related manuscripts to have come down to us from the early imperial period often suffer from textual corruption, the form that this corrupti...

The Generator of the Event Structure Lexicon (GESL): Automatic Annotation of Event Structure for Textual Inference Tasks

Science.gov (United States)

Im, Seohyun

2013-01-01

This dissertation aims to develop the Generator of the Event Structure Lexicon (GESL) which is a tool to automate annotating the event structure of verbs in text to support textual inference tasks related to lexically entailed subevents. The output of the GESL is the Event Structure Lexicon (ESL), which is a lexicon of verbs in text which includes…

Textual Enhancement and Simplified Input: Effects on L2 Comprehension and Acquisition of Non-Meaningful Grammatical Form

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Wong, Wynne

2003-01-01

The study set out to investigate how textual enhancement (TE) as a form of input enhancement and increasing the comprehensibility of input via simplified input (SI) might impact adult L2 French learners' acquisition of the past participle agreement in relative clauses and their comprehension of three texts in which the target forms were embedded.…

Effects of Lexical Features, Textual Properties, and Individual Differences on Word Processing Times during Second Language Reading Comprehension

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Minkyung; Crossley, Scott A.; Skalicky, Stephen

2018-01-01

This study examines whether lexical features and textual properties along with individual differences on the part of readers influence word processing times during second language (L2) reading comprehension. Forty-eight Spanish-speaking adolescent and adult learners of English read nine English passages in a self-paced word-by-word reading…

Textual emotion recognition for enhancing enterprise computing

Science.gov (United States)

Quan, Changqin; Ren, Fuji

2016-05-01

The growing interest in affective computing (AC) brings a lot of valuable research topics that can meet different application demands in enterprise systems. The present study explores a sub area of AC techniques - textual emotion recognition for enhancing enterprise computing. Multi-label emotion recognition in text is able to provide a more comprehensive understanding of emotions than single label emotion recognition. A representation of 'emotion state in text' is proposed to encompass the multidimensional emotions in text. It ensures the description in a formal way of the configurations of basic emotions as well as of the relations between them. Our method allows recognition of the emotions for the words bear indirect emotions, emotion ambiguity and multiple emotions. We further investigate the effect of word order for emotional expression by comparing the performances of bag-of-words model and sequence model for multi-label sentence emotion recognition. The experiments show that the classification results under sequence model are better than under bag-of-words model. And homogeneous Markov model showed promising results of multi-label sentence emotion recognition. This emotion recognition system is able to provide a convenient way to acquire valuable emotion information and to improve enterprise competitive ability in many aspects.

Information Literacy on the Web: How College Students Use Visual and Textual Cues to Assess Credibility on Health Websites

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Katrina L. Pariera

2012-12-01

Full Text Available One of the most important literacy skills in today’s information society is the ability to determine the credibility of online information. Users sort through a staggering number of websites while discerning which will provide satisfactory information. In this study, 70 college students assessed the credibility of health websites with a low and high design quality, in either low or high credibility groups. The study’s purpose was to understand if students relied more on textual or visual cues in determining credibility, and to understand if this affected their recall of those cues later. The results indicate that when viewing a high credibility website, high design quality will bolster the credibility perception, but design quality will not compensate for a low credibility website. The recall test also indicated that credibility does impact the participants’ recall of visual and textual cues. Implications are discussed in light of the Elaboration Likelihood Model.

Phrase Mining of Textual Data to Analyze Extracellular Matrix Protein Patterns Across Cardiovascular Disease.

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Liem, David Alexandre; Murali, Sanjana; Sigdel, Dibakar; Shi, Yu; Wang, Xuan; Shen, Jiaming; Choi, Howard; Caufield, J Harry; Wang, Wei; Ping, Peipei; Han, Jiawei

2018-05-18

Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins have been shown to play important roles regulating multiple biological processes in an array of organ systems, including the cardiovascular system. By using a novel bioinformatics text-mining tool, we studied six categories of cardiovascular disease (CVD), namely ischemic heart disease (IHD), cardiomyopathies (CM), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), congenital heart disease (CHD), arrhythmias (ARR), and valve disease (VD), anticipating novel ECM protein-disease and protein-protein relationships hidden within vast quantities of textual data. We conducted a phrase-mining analysis, delineating the relationships of 709 ECM proteins with the six groups of CVDs reported in 1,099,254 abstracts. The technology pipeline known as Context-aware Semantic Online Analytical Processing (CaseOLAP) was applied to semantically rank the association of proteins to each and all six CVDs, performing analyses to quantify each protein-disease relationship. We performed principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering of the data, where each protein is visualized as a six dimensional vector. We found that ECM proteins display variable degrees of association with the six CVDs; certain CVDs share groups of associated proteins whereas others have divergent protein associations. We identified 82 ECM proteins sharing associations with all six CVDs. Our bioinformatics analysis ascribed distinct ECM pathways (via Reactome) from this subset of proteins, namely insulin-like growth factor regulation and interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 signaling, suggesting their contribution to the pathogenesis of all six CVDs. Finally, we performed hierarchical clustering analysis and identified protein clusters associated with a targeted CVD; analyses revealed unexpected insights underlying ECM-pathogenesis of CVDs.

Translation Competence and Translation Performance: Lexical, Syntactic and Textual Patterns in Student Translations of a Specialized EU Genre

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Karoly, Adrienn

2012-01-01

This paper reports the findings of a study aiming to reveal the recurring patterns of lexical, syntactic and textual errors in student translations of a specialized EU genre from English into Hungarian. By comparing the student translations to the official translation of the text, this article uncovers the most frequent errors that students made…

Caudal léxico en alumnos universitarios : Implicancias para la interacción textual

OpenAIRE

Piatti, Vanesa; Fernicola, Alfredo; Melillo, Oscar Roberto; Peralta, Diego

2011-01-01

En este trabajo se comunican los resultados preliminares de una investigación en curso. Específicamente se refiere a los resultados encontrados en pruebas de que examinan el caudal léxico, por el interés de sus relaciones con la interacción textual. En razón de ello en la elaboración de esta comunicación se ha tenido particularmente en cuenta el modelo de comprensión lectora proporcionado por Kintsch y Rawson (2005) sobre los diferentes niveles de procesamiento cuando se lee. Los autores d...

Hypertext in Secondary School in Chile: ¿It is pertinent apply traditional textual approaches?

OpenAIRE

Ayala Pérez, Teresa

2012-01-01

Los textos digitales constituyen parte importante de la comunicación en la sociedad de la información y recientemente han sido incluidos en los programas de Lenguaje y Comunicación de E.M. en Chile. Ante esta situación, cabe preguntarse si los tradicionales enfoques textuales, elaborados a partir del texto impreso en los años 70 y 80 y utilizados actualmente en Enseñanza Media, resultan aplicables al hipertexto. En este trabajo se describen algunos rasgos de este tipo de texto y se reflexiona...

El método micro-textual como herramienta de análisis de foros en línea en contextos multiculturales

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Marcelo I. Dorfsman

2016-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo presentaremos el método micro-textual, como una herramienta eficiente de análisis en la investigación que se está desarrollando sobre enseñanza en línea y multiculturalidad en la Educación Superior, en el Centro Melton de Educación Judía de la Universidad Hebrea de Jerusalem. El propósito del trabajo es mostrar de qué manera el método posibilita identificar y caracterizar diferentes tipos de diálogo en los foros en línea, y asimismo examinar su evolución. El método está constituido por una batería conceptual desarrollada para el análisis de textos y su objetivo es contribuir a la comprensión del discurso textual e intertextual y su evolución en cursos virtuales, en particular en la enseñanza superior. El mismo utiliza componentes textuales y contextuales para la comprensión de textos, siendo un componente central el indicador etno-cultural, vinculado a la pertenencia del participante a un grupo religioso o cultural, y a problemáticas relacionadas con su identidad. En la ejemplificación elegida para este trabajo, propondremos analizar cuestiones vinculadas a la interrelación entre los indicadores personales, profesionales y los etno-culturales; así como también al rol del docente en la educación superior en línea.

TRENDS IN A SOUTH AFRICAN INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH JOURNAL: A TEXTUAL INFORMATION ANALYSIS PERSPECTIVE

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J.W. Uys

2012-01-01

Full Text Available

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Industrial engineering (IE is a multi-disciplinary field, with its research borders broadening into a wide range of sub-disciplines. The South African Journal of Industrial Engineering (SAJIE has been the official voice of IE research in South Africa for the past 22 years. In the interests of evaluating research scope, it is worth determining how IE fields have been covered by this journal. What are the current topics in IE, and how do they align with IE publication trends in other countries? This article attempts to investigate these issues in an objective way by using a text analytical technique to analyse the SAJIE publication collection. Due to the growth in the quantity of accessible textual information, and the growing importance of this type of information to business people and industrial engineers alike, the relevant text analytical method is also outlined.

AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Bedryfsingenieurswese is ’n multidissiplinêre veld, met navorsingsgrense wat strek oor ’n wye reeks sub-dissiplines. Die Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Bedryfsingenieurswese (SAJIE was oor die afgelope 22 jaar die amptelike mondstuk vir bedryfsingenieurswese-gerigte navorsing in Suid-Afrika. Dit is betekenisvol om te bepaal in watter hoedanigheid bedryfsingenieurswesevelde deur die SAJIE gedek word, ten einde die bestek van navorsing te evalueer. Wat is die huidige temas van bedryfsingenieurswese, en hoe vergelyk dit met bedryfsingenieurswese-publikasieneigings in ander lande? Hierdie artikel poog om die vraagstuk op ’n objektiewe wyse na te vors deur die toepassing van ’n teksanalitiese tegniek om die SAJIE publikasie versameling te ontleed. Weens die toename in die hoeveelheid beskikbare tekstuele inligting, asook die toenemende belang van hierdie tipe inligting vir besigheidspersone asook bedryfsingenieurs, word die betrokke teksanalitiese metode ook bespreek.

How strong is your coffee? : The influence of visual metaphors and textual claims on consumers' flavor perception and product evaluation

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Fenko, Anna; de Vries, Roxan; van Rompay, Thomas

2018-01-01

This study investigates the relative impact of textual claims and visual metaphors displayed on the product's package on consumers' flavor experience and product evaluation. For consumers, strength is one of the most important sensory attributes of coffee. The 2 × 3 between-subjects experiment (N =

de análisis textual cinematográfico

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Fernando Vizcarra

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Se presenta un análisis textual del filme futurista Blade Runner (1982, de Ridley Scott. Busca, sobre todo, indagar cómo se representan los efectos radicalizados de la modernidad en el discurso cinematográfico y, concretamente, en la construcción fílmica de las identidades. ¿Qué elementos de representación de lo social se movilizan en esta película para expresar, mediante la ficción futurista, las consecuencias críticas de la modernidad en las sociedades contemporáneas? Ciertos componentes de la modernidad y la posmodernidad (que aquí trato como modernidades múltiples, tales como la expansión de la racionalidad y la consecuente crisis de sentido, las rearticulaciones del tiempo y del espacio, la creación de entornos de fiabilidad y riesgo, y los procesos de hibridación, se exploran en este ejercicio a la luz de los siguientes códigos identitarios revelados en Blade Runner: 1 mortalidad, 2 memoria y poder, 3 anomia y sentido, 4 solidaridad y 5 ironía.

Assessing Online Textual Feedback to Support Student Intrinsic Motivation Using a Collaborative Text-Based Dialogue System: A Qualitative Study

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Shroff, Ronnie H.; Deneen, Christopher

2011-01-01

This paper assesses textual feedback to support student intrinsic motivation using a collaborative text-based dialogue system. A research model is presented based on research into intrinsic motivation, and the specific construct of feedback provides a framework for the model. A qualitative research methodology is used to validate the model.…

Estudio de las técnicas de detección de plagio textual y análisis de sinonimia en ensayos y desarrollo de un sistema prototipo

OpenAIRE

Flores Vega, Andrea Elizabeth; León Ullauri, Benito Bernardo

2012-01-01

Entendemos como plagio la inserción de ideas que no nos pertenecen y darlas como nuestras al no reconocer mediante citas referenciales a los autores originales de un texto sobre el cual nos basamos para sustentar nuestros trabajos. Existen varias formas de plagio, sin embargo en nuestro trabajo nos hemos enfocado en analizar plagio textual y plagio por sinonimia. Se considera que el plagio textual es la forma más común y fácil de plagio. Consiste en copiar desde un documento ajeno ideas sin c...

Write like a visual artist: Tracing the textually mediated art world

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Janna Klostermann

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This study examines the social organisation of Canada’s art world from the standpoint of practising visual artists. Bringing together theories of literacy and institutional ethnography, the article investigates the literacy practices of visual artists, making visible how artists use written texts to participate in public galleries and in the social and institutional relations of the art world. Drawing on extended ethnographic research, including interviews, observational field notes and textual analyses, this study sheds light on the ways visual artists enact particular texts, enact organisational processes, and to enact the social and conceptual worlds they are a part of. Through the lens of visual artists, this study locates two particular texts – the artist statement and the bio statement – in the extended social and institutional relations of the art world.

Relação entre leitura de palavras isoladas e compreensão de leitura textual em crianças

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Corso, Helena Vellinho

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Dentre os inúmeros processos que se inter-relacionam durante a atividade da leitura, o reconhecimento das palavras e a compreensão do que é reconhecido são identificados como fundamentais. Uma das perspectivas expostas na literatura é a de que a fluência na leitura de palavras é condição fundamental para a compreensão da leitura, embora não suficiente, posto que a leitura eficiente de palavras não garante a compreensão de leitura textual. O presente trabalho examinou também a possibilidade inversa, a saber: é possível haver uma boa compreensão textual apesar de fracas habilidades de leitura de palavras? A pesquisa comparou o desempenho de crianças de 2ª série do EF em leitura de palavras isoladas e em compreensão de leitura textual, investigando, assim, as correlações e a possibilidade de dissociações entre estes dois processos. A análise dos dados mostrou uma forte correlação entre as habilidades em questão. Enquanto foi possível verificar a presença de algumas crianças com competência no reconhecimento de palavras e com baixa capacidade de compreensão de texto, os dados não sugerem uma dissociação visível no sentido inverso, ou seja, categorias altas de compreensão de texto apesar de baixos escores em leitura de palavras isoladas. Implicações para intervenção clínica e educacional são discutidas

[Textual pragmatics in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: argument].

Science.gov (United States)

Gallardo-Paúls, B; Gimeno-Martínez, M; Moreno-Campos, V

2010-03-03

Clinical linguistics involves a study of linguistic deficits which focuses on a series of aspects that range from strictly formal, grammatical points to the effective and contextualised use of language. Thus, it is also inevitably concerned with the cognitive, i.e. mental, correlate of such language use, whose basic textual dimensions are narration and argument. To describe the argumentative skills in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to examine their relationship with academic achievement and sociability. We analysed 79 argumentative texts written by adolescents with ADHD, using a methodology from cognitive linguistics and from theories of argumentation with a dialogical foundation. Adolescents with ADHD provided a greater number of arguments than those in the control group, but with a higher predominance of emotional and negative sanction strategies compared with a greater use of fallacious or circular arguments in those in the control group; the difference between the use of rational arguments in the two groups is not significant.

Perception of prescription medicine sample packs among Australian professional, government, industry, and consumer organizations, based on automated textual analysis of one-on-one interviews.

Science.gov (United States)

Kyle, Greg J; Nissen, Lisa; Tett, Susan

2008-12-01

Prescription medicine samples provided by pharmaceutical companies are predominantly newer and more expensive products. The range of samples provided to practices may not represent the drugs that the doctors desire to have available. Few studies have used a qualitative design to explore the reasons behind sample use. The aim of this study was to explore the opinions of a variety of Australian key informants about prescription medicine samples, using a qualitative methodology. Twenty-three organizations involved in quality use of medicines in Australia were identified, based on the authors' previous knowledge. Each organization was invited to nominate 1 or 2 representatives to participate in semistructured interviews utilizing seeding questions. Each interview was recorded and transcribed verbatim. Leximancer v2.25 text analysis software (Leximancer Pty Ltd., Jindalee, Queensland, Australia) was used for textual analysis. The top 10 concepts from each analysis group were interrogated back to the original transcript text to determine the main emergent opinions. A total of 18 key interviewees representing 16 organizations participated. Samples, patient, doctor, and medicines were the major concepts among general opinions about samples. The concept drug became more frequent and the concept companies appeared when marketing issues were discussed. The Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and cost were more prevalent in discussions about alternative sample distribution models, indicating interviewees were cognizant of budgetary implications. Key interviewee opinions added richness to the single-word concepts extracted by Leximancer. Participants recognized that prescription medicine samples have an influence on quality use of medicines and play a role in the marketing of medicines. They also believed that alternative distribution systems for samples could provide benefits. The cost of a noncommercial system for distributing samples or starter packs was a concern

Sammas ja labürint: Jüri Ehlvesti tekstuaalsest ruumist. Column and Labyrinth: On Jüri Ehlvest’s Textual Space

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Virve Sarapik

2012-04-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this article is to analyze the connections of spatial relations and settings with narrative, and the presentation of these relations in Jüri Ehlvest’s texts. Distinctions are made between textual space (as designation, description, or rhetorical presentation and fictional space (the space in which narrative action takes place and the site of the denouement of events. Fictional space can be expressed as textual space in one of the four following ways: (a perceived space (b experienced space (c logical space (d alogical space. The multilayeredness of Ehlvest’s texts, their fragmentariness and dislocated reality, entail a complicated reception. In contrast, however, the geographical space represented in the texts is generally quite clear and accessible, with the effect of seeming real and humanly possible. Indeed, specific spatial elements are one of the sources of the verisimilitude and plausibility of Ehlvest’s texts. For the most part, the place where ehlvestian narrative plays itself out is a clear topographical environment, usually an interior; the textual representation of spaces is minimalist, avoiding descriptions, and with practically no impression of movement. In addition to representation of places, rooms, houses, and open space using ordinary, direct, (yet very minimalist means, several more indirect strategies of creating space can be found in Ehlvest’s texts. This article calls attention to some characteristic devices from this indirect repertoire, grouping them as follows: things; window and picture; repetition, fragment, and mirror; body and emptiness. Of the four types of textual space mentioned above, the one most characteristic of Ehlvest’s stories is experienced space, which could also be described as haptic space of experience. However, due to the fragmentariness and bricolage typical of Ehlvest, there are certainly also plenty of examples of the other types, particularly perceived and alogical space

A coesão textual como ferramenta para compreensão de textos em língua inglesa

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Fábio Henrique Rosa Senefonte

2013-12-01

Full Text Available A presente pesquisa ancora-se nos pressupostos de que o sentido do texto é construído pelo leitor e para que isso ocorra, é necessária a ativação de vários conhecimentos, dentre eles o domínio de mecanismos coesivos (KOCH, 2000, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008; MARCUSCHI, 2008. Dessa forma, o artigo objetiva ilustrar de forma prática como os conhecimentos de coesão textual auxiliam na compreensão de textos em língua inglesa como língua estrangeira. Para isso, foi demonstrado um procedimento metodológico, ancorado na literatura supracitada, para uma possível compreensão de uma notícia extraída do jornal “The New York Times”. Por meio de uma abordagem de leitura instrumental (TODA, 2010, tal procedimento comprovou que a construção de sentido (compreensão do texto foi possível graças à ativação de vários conhecimentos a respeito estratégias de leitura, incluindo o conhecimento acerca de coesão textual.

O ENSINO DE PRODUÇÃO TEXTUAL EM FOCO: UMA LEITURA DE “MINHAS FÉRIAS, PULA UMA LINHA, PARÁGRAFO”, DE CHRISTIANE GRIBEL

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Francisco Vieira Silva

2014-02-01

esferas de circulação. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: produção textual; ensino; gêneros. Abstract The teaching of writing has been widely studied by several authors interested in understanding the theoretical concepts that guide the pedagogical practices of teachers of mother tongue in class production.Thus, practices that conceive the production of text as a product (and not as a process that requires different steps are unveiled from the research carried out by different authors around the country. The work presented here in is part of the role of these surveys, from the moment that looks at in order to understand the perspective of traditional dictates production of text that often prevails in most classes of production as well as understand the Macabéa – Revista Eletrônica do Netlli | V. 2, N. 2, jul.-dez. 2013, p. 03-13. effects that come from this practice. To this end, we are interested in discussing the design of production underlying the literary text my vacation, skip a line, paragraph, Christiane Gribel. In this work, the author records the dilemmas of a boy who returns to school and have to write the famous essay, whose title already crystallized as a kind of cliché: my vacation. The work brings up a debate about the perception of textual production as an activity that does not meet one sociocomunicativ function, emptied of meaning, so that the texts produced by the students have no real readers. Thus , we seek to establish a dialogue between the production practice that emerges from the work and analyzed the theoretical conceptions of authors such as Bakhtin (2011, Marcuschi (2010, Bunzen (2006, Antunes (2003, 2006, 2009, Geraldi (2001, among others. From the analysis of the work, should propose a direction for the textual production that takes into account the socio-historical, discursive and dialogic nature of language, covering therefore the study and production of different textual genres existing in various spheres of circulationKEYWORDS: Text production

The social organization of representations of history: the textual accomplishment of coming to terms with the past.

Science.gov (United States)

Tileagă, Cristian

2009-06-01

This paper is concerned with the social organization of collective memory and representations of history in the context of how post-communist democracies reckon with former regimes. It specifically centres on the textual accomplishment of coming to terms with the past in the 'Tismăneanu Report' condemning Communism in Romania. The focus is on how the Report displays and shapes the ideological contours of coming to terms with the past around a particular 'social representation' of history. Several constitutive features of the Report that facilitate bringing off a particular 'representation of history' are identified: (a) the construction of a practical framework for the inquiry as a matter of public concern and attention; (b) the production of 'Communism' as an empirical category with uniquely bound features; and (c) the structuring of time by bringing together a political agenda and national identity. The present argument tries to place representations of history (and coming to terms with the past) as something in need of constitution rather than simply relied on. It is suggested that a conception of coming to terms with the past as a textual accomplishment may lead to a fuller appreciation of the structure, function and salience of representations of history as integral part of moral/political/legal courses of action.

Analysis of reporting of systematic reviews in physical therapy published in Portuguese Análise da apresentação textual de revisões sistemáticas em fisioterapia publicadas no idioma português

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Rosimeire S. Padula

2012-08-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews are considered the best design to synthesize all existing information of a given research topic. To date, there is no study that investigated the quality of reporting of systematic reviews relevant to physical therapy published in Portuguese. Objective: To analyse the quality of reporting of systematic reviews in the field of physical therapy published in Portuguese by using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklist. METHOD: All systematic reviews published in Portuguese that were indexed on PEDro database up to August 2011 were included. The quality of reporting of the eligible papers was analysed by using the PRISMA checklist. Each quality assessment was performed by two independent reviewers with arbitration of a third reviewer if necessary. RESULTS: A total of 37 systematic reviews were identified. These studies were published between 2003 and 2010. Less than 30% of the PRISMA checklist items were satisfied, being most of the items related to the introduction and discussion sections. No improvements over time were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the studies did not satisfy the items from the PRISMA Checklist. It seems that most of authors did not know the existence of this checklist. The implementation of reporting statements such as the PRISMA statement by Portuguese-written journals is likely to help authors to write their systematic reviews in a more transparent and clear way.CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: As revisões sistemáticas são consideradas a melhor forma de sintetizar toda a informação existente sobre um determinado tópico, porém não se conhece, até o momento, a qualidade da apresentação textual das revisões sistemáticas em fisioterapia publicadas no idioma português. Objetivo: Analisar a apresentação textual de revisões sistemáticas em fisioterapia publicadas no idioma português utilizando as recomendações PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for

The Impact of Textual Input Enhancement and Explicit Rule Presentation on Iranian Elementary EFL Learners' Intake of Simple Past Tense

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Nahavandi, Naemeh; Mukundan, Jayakaran

2013-01-01

The present study investigated the impact of textual input enhancement and explicit rule presentation on 93 Iranian EFL learners' intake of simple past tense. Three intact general English classes in Tabriz Azad University were randomly assigned to: 1) a control group; 2) a TIE group; and 3) a TIE plus explicit rule presentation group. All…

Contexts of textual production and the construction of coherence in stories written by children / Contexto de produção e o estabelecimento da coerência na escrita de histórias por crianças

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Ana Paula Perdigão Pessoa

2010-01-01

Full Text Available This study examines the influence of schooling and the context of textual production on stories written by 1st and 2nd graders. In the first condition, children were asked to write original stories. In the second condition, they were asked to reproduce in writing a classical tale for children. The stories were classified according to the complexity and coherence of the narrative. Results indicate that schooling and condition of text production influenced the establishment of textual coherence. However, the effect of the contexts of textual production on children's writing was not the same for all children. Sensitivity to the contexts of text production seemed to have been related to children's awareness of narrative schema.

True Detective Stories: Media Textuality and the Anthology Format between Remediation and Transmedia Narratives

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Cristina Demaria

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Through the analysis of the recent HBO first season TV series True Detective (2014-, the essays focuses on the renewed anthology format of contemporary seriality as a way to inscribe the form of the novel in the transmedia imagination and its narrative models. While the first part of the essay concentrates on Media and Literary Studies’ debates on the statute of media texts, their materiality and the transformations of their contents in the participatory and convergent culture of prosumers, the second part is devoted to an in-depth reading of some of the main features of True Detective’s first season: from the ways it remediates many other genres and media, to how – as an audiovisual sychretyc text -  it plays with dialogues, cinematography, music and its temporal, spatial and seeing enunciative strategies and positions in order to construct a (quasidystopic narrative of America as an after-image, or, better, a post-collapse America and its Southern Gothic landscapes. In the lst paragraph, this writing briefly engages with how this particular format of TV series helps developing narrative models that fan we bpages and fanfic archives are still struggling not so much to comprehend, but to actually transform into an expanded textuality  able to tell a more ‘true’ story.

Hacia una didáctica de la composición textual en la escuela infantil y primaria

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Margarita CASANUEVA HERNÁNDEZ

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Parece urgente la necesidad de una didáctica del texto para ser aplicada en la enseñanza de la lengua en la Escuela, que tenga en cuenta el actual enfoque comunicativo, en el que se concibe al discurso como el nivel de desarrollo real y no teórico del lenguaje, y en el que, en este sentido, coinciden tres tipos de relaciones: semánticas, gramaticales (incluyendo los niveles de morfema, sintagma y oración y pragmáticas. Es de esperar que el nuevo planteamiento palie, en gran medida, problemas relativos a la comprensión y expresión oral y escrita, tales como la coherencia en la composición textual y la ortografía, que afectan a todos los niveles de enseñanza.ABSTRACT: There is a need for text instructions that keep in mind the actual communicative focus to be applied in the teaching of language in Elementary Schools in which the discourse is conceived as a level of real development and not a theoretical one thereby linking three relationships: semantic, grammatical (including levels of morphemes, syntagm and sentence and pragmatic. It is hoped that this new suggestion will greatly mitigate, those problems related to oral and written comprehension and expression such as coherence in a textual context and spelling, which affect all levels of teaching.

Textual analysis of sugar industry influence on the World Health Organization’s 2015 sugars intake guideline

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Reeves, Aaron; Loopstra, Rachel; McKee, Martin

2016-01-01

Abstract Objective To determine whether sugar industry-related organizations influenced textual changes between the draft and final versions of the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) 2015 guideline Sugars intake for adults and children. Methods Stakeholder consultation submissions on the draft guideline from seven sugar industry-related and 10 public health organizations were assessed using the Wordscores program. Document scores were rescaled using the Martin–Vanberg transformation to improve comparability. Draft and final guidelines were compared to identify changes influenced by the sugar industry and public health organizations. Findings There was a small shift in transformed Wordscores score between the draft and final guidelines, from 0.25 to 0.24, towards the industry position. The change was linked to increased use of the word “low” to describe the quality of the evidence, consistent with industry arguments. There was also a shift from use of the word “consumption” to “intake”, irrespective of policy position. Scores for World Sugar Research Organisation and Sugar Nutrition UK submissions ( 0.11 and 0.18, respectively) represented strong pro-industry positions and scores for European Public Health Alliance and Wemos submissions (1.00 and 0.88, respectively) represented the strongest public health positions. Industry tactics included challenging the quality of the evidence, distinguishing between different types of sugar and advocating harm reduction. Conclusion There was little change between draft and final versions of the WHO sugars intake guideline 2015, following industry consultation. The main change was linked to emphasizing the low quality of the evidence on sugar’s adverse effects. Guideline development appeared relatively resistant to industry influence at the stakeholder consultation stage. PMID:27516634

Self-determination and older people--a concept analysis.

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Ekelund, Christina; Dahlin-Ivanoff, Synneve; Eklund, Kajsa

2014-03-01

Self-determination has emerged as an important concept within health care, used to emphasize clients' control and independence as they participate in rehabilitation. To strengthen clients' self-determination is a central aim in occupational therapy. However, there is a lack of a clear definition of self-determination concerning community-dwelling older people. The definition should be flexible in different contexts, such as cultural. To define and clarify the concept of self-determination in relation to community-dwelling frail older people. Walker & Avant's analysis procedure was carried out to identify textual attributes to the concept of self-determination, supplemented by a content analysis of 21 articles that were used to define and further justify the textual attributes. Self-determination was used in diverse contexts for community-dwelling older people, concerning: decision-making in everyday life, professionals' views, health, and legal/ethical rights. Different textual attributes were identified, to propose a conceptual definition of self-determination in relation to community-dwelling frail older people: A process in which a person has control and legal/ethical rights, and has the knowledge and ability to make a decision of his/her own free choice. This concept analysis has contributed to clarifying the concept for the convenience of research with community-dwelling frail older people.

Comprensión y producción textual narrativa en preescolares

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Luz Stella López Silva

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio buscó identificar y describir las habilidades de comprensión y producción textual narrativa de 158 estudiantes de transición de estrato 1 y 2 de colegios públicos de la ciudad de Barranquilla (Colombia. Para evaluar esta capacidad se les pidió a los niños que narraran un texto que se les había leído anteriormente. Las muestras de lenguaje se analizaron utilizando el software SALT y posteriormente se utilizó el software SPSS para realizar los análisis descriptivos. Se consideró la estructura organizativa microestructura, macroestructura y superestructura desde el nivel de comprensión literal e inferencial. Se encontró que la mayoría de los niños tienen un desarrollo narrativo acorde con su edad, sin embargo, la elaboración inferencial fue escasa, lo que posiblemente afectó la comprensión de la historia por parte de los mismos.

A JEE RESTful service to access Conditions Data in ATLAS

CERN Document Server

AUTHOR|(INSPIRE)INSPIRE-00081940; Gallas, Elizabeth

2015-01-01

Usage of Conditions Data in ATLAS is extensive for offline reconstruction and analysis (e.g.: alignment, calibration, data quality). The system is based on the LCG Conditions Database infrastructure, with read and write access via an ad hoc C++ API (COOL), a system which was developed before Run 1 data taking began. The infrastructure dictates that the data is organized into separate schemata (assigned to subsystems/groups storing distinct and independent sets of conditions), making it difficult to access information from several schemata at the same time. We have thus created PL/SQL functions containing queries to provide content extraction at multi-schema level. The PL/SQL API has been exposed to external clients by means of a Java application providing DB access via RESTful services, deployed inside an application server (JBoss WildFly). The services allow navigation over multiple schemata via simple URLs. The data can be retrieved either in XML or JSON formats, via simple clients (like curl or Web browser...

[Independent and interdependent self-schema in Japanese adolescents and elders].

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Takata, Toshitake

2007-12-01

The study investigated the functions of self-schema pertaining to independent and interdependent self-construal. Four groups of participants, who had (a) independent schema, (b) interdependent schema, (c) both schemata, or (d) neither schema (aschematic), were compared in cognitive performance on a schema-relevant information processing task. Study I, with college students, found that interdependent schemata were used in the task by the interdependent (b) and the both (c) group, but independent schemata were not used by the independent (a) and the both (c) group. Study II, with aged participants, found that not only the interdependent schemata were used by the interdependent (b) and the both (c) group, but also independent schemata were used by the independent (a) and the both (c) group. These findings provide evidence for Takata's (2004) hypotheses that the interdependent self is internalized in adolescence and the independent self develops after adulthood in Japanese culture.

Making sense of "alternative", "complementary", "unconventional" and "integrative" medicine: exploring the terms and meanings through a textual analysis.

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Ng, Jeremy Y; Boon, Heather S; Thompson, Alison K; Whitehead, Cynthia R

2016-05-20

Medical pluralism has flourished throughout the Western world in spite of efforts to legitimize Western biomedical healthcare as "conventional medicine" and thereby relegate all non-physician-related forms of healthcare to an "other" category. These "other" practitioners have been referred to as "unconventional", "alternative" and "complementary", among other terms throughout the past half century. This study investigates the discourses surrounding the changes in the terms, and their meanings, used to describe unconventional medicine in North America. Terms identified by the literature as synonymous to unconventional medicine were searched using the Scopus database. A textual analysis following the method described by Kripendorff 2013 was subsequently performed on the five most highly-cited unconventional medicine-related peer-reviewed literature published between 1970 and 2013. Five commonly-used, unconventional medicine-related terms were identified. Authors using "complementary and alternative", "complementary", "alternative", or "unconventional" tended to define them by what they are not (e.g., therapies not taught/used in conventional medicine, therapy demands not met by conventional medicine, and therapies that lack research on safety, efficacy and effectiveness). Authors defined "integrated/integrative" medicine by what it is (e.g., a new model of healthcare, the combining of both conventional and unconventional therapies, accounting for the whole person, and preventative maintenance of health). Authors who defined terms by "what is not" stressed that the purpose of conducting research in this area was solely to create knowledge. Comparatively, authors who defined terms by "what is" sought to advocate for the evidence-based combination of unconventional and conventional medicines. Both author groups used scientific rhetoric to define unconventional medical practices. This emergence of two groups of authors who used two different sets of terms to refer to the

Intercultural Passages in Ottó Tolnai’s Textual Universe

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Ispánovics Csapó Julianna

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The literary palette of Tolnai’s textual universe within the Hungarian literature from Vojvodina is based, among others, upon the intertwining of various cultural entities. The social and cultural spaces of “Big Yugoslavia,” the phenomena, figures, and works of the European-oriented Yugoslav and ethnic culture (literature, painting, book publishing, theatre, sports, etc., the mentalities of the migrant worker’s life, the legends of the Tito cult embed the narrative procedures of particular texts by Tolnai into a rich culture-historical context. Similarly to the model of Valery’s Mediterranean, the narrator’s Janus-faced Yugoslavia simultaneously generates concrete and utopian spaces, folding upon one another. Above the micro spaces (towns, houses, flats evolving along the traces of reality, there float the Proustian concepts of scent and colour of the Adriatic sea (salt, azure, mimosa, lavender, laurel. The nostalgia towards the lost Eden rises high and waves about the “grand form” of Big Yugoslavia, the related space of which is the Monarchy. The counterpoints of the grand forms are “the small, void forms,” provinces, regions (Vojvodina, North Bačka and the micro spaces coded into them. The text analyses of the paper examine the intercultural motions and identityforming culture-historical elements of the outlined space system.

Uma análise da coesão textual e da estrutura narrativa em textos escritos por adolescentes surdos Textual cohesion and narrative structure in written texts produced by deaf adolescents

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Viviany Meirelles

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Considerando que os surdos utilizam diferentes formas de comunicação, investigou-se se tal fator influenciaria a produção escrita de textos. Quarenta adolescentes surdos com perda auditiva profunda, alunos de 5ª à 7ª série do ensino fundamental foram igualmente divididos em dois grupos: usuários da LIBRAS e surdos oralizados. A partir de uma seqüência de gravuras, cada participante produziu uma história escrita que foi analisada quanto à qualidade da estrutura narrativa e quanto ao estabelecimento de cadeias coesivas. Os resultados mostraram que a coesão textual é um problema para os surdos, não havendo diferenças entre os grupos. Embora as produções apresentassem limitações quanto à estrutura narrativa, verificou-se que um maior número de surdos oralizados produzia histórias mais elaboradas do que os usuários da LIBRAS. As diferenças entre grupos e dificuldades encontradas são interpretadas a partir do pouco contato que os surdos têm com textos em seu cotidiano. Implicações educacionais são discutidas.Deaf individuals use different forms of communication: oral language and sign language. This study investigated whether these forms of communication would have an effect on text production. Forty deaf adolescents were equally divided into two groups: those who used sign language (LIBRAS and those who used Portuguese in its oral form. Each participant was asked to write a story from a sequence of pictures. The stories were analyzed according to their cohesiveness and to their narrative structure. It was found that both groups had difficulties in establishing textual cohesion in their stories. Although both groups produced stories with an elementary structure, deaf adolescents who used oral language produced stories more elaborated than those who used sign language. Differences between groups and the difficulties the participants had are interpreted as a function of their limited contact with written texts in their

Computers in the Teaching of English as a Foreign Language: Access to the Diversity of Textual Genres and Language Skills

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Dos Santos, Roberto-Márcio; Sobrinho, Jerônimo Coura

In the area of language teaching both language skills and textual genres can be worked with simultaneously (thus responding to the Brazilian Curricular Parameters and to the trends in contemporary education, which emphasize contextualized teaching) by means of computers. Computers can make the teaching process dynamic and rich, since they enable the access to the foreign language through virtual environments, which creates a larger number of learning contexts, with all their specific vocabulary and linguistic features in real communication. This study focuses on possible applications of this kind of approach. The computer online is a resource of diverse textual genres and can be an important tool in the language classroom as well as an access to authentic material produced in contextualized practice close to real-life communication. On the other hand, all these materials must be appropriately used without ever worshipping the technology as if it were a miraculous solution. After all, the professional pedagogic skills of the teacher should never be forgotten or taken for granted. In this study, a series of interviews with teachers was carried out - both with Brazilian teachers of the public sector (basic education) and language institutes (private English courses) as well as teacher trainers (university professors), in order to verify if the teachers were prepared to work with informatics in teaching practices, and check the professionals’ views on the subject. The ideas of Maingueneau and Marcuschi about textual genres are a theoretical base in this work, besides the concept of cognitive economy. The text and its typology are focused here as the basic material for teaching English, through digital technologies and hypermedia. The study is also based on Sharma and Barrett’s notion of blended learning as a balanced combination of technological resources and traditional practices in the classroom. Thus, this is an attempt to investigate the relevance of

The Army and the Academy as Textual Communities: Exploring Mismatches in the Concepts of Attribution, Appropriation, and Shared Goals

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

writing manual, Student Text 22-1, provides information on plagiarism violations, which are "subject to review and may be referred to an academic board...charges of plagiarism were leveled by an academic who recognized in the manual various ideas and text from previous published sources. In many ways...worried about academic plagiarism may believe that revealing variations in textual practices "sends a message" to students that rules can be bent in

EXPERIENCIAS SIGNIFICATIVAS DE INTEGRACIÓN SOCIAL DE UNIVERSITARIOS MEDIANTE LA PRODUCCIÓN TEXTUAL DE RAP I SIGNIFICANT EXPERIENCES OF SOCIAL INTEGRATION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS BY TEXTUAL PRODUCTION OF RAP

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Adriana María Pérez Cedeño

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Universities are beginning to promote policies aimed at eliminating discrimination, promoting spaces for community, social and educational participation. Therefore, the incorporation of college students to their academic discourse community is encouraged, since they are young people with a particular history and complex social life, which are included in different ways into the educational system. The overall purpose is to assess the intercultural resource "rap" in the academic practice of textual compositions by new students in the Extensión Región Centro- Sur of the Universidad de Oriente. In this qualitative research, the content analysis is used to account for the experiences of eight key informants interviewed, students of Industrial Engineering or Systems Engineering. It is intended to understand the reasons for the behavior of these students, analyzing both the thematic as the overall quality of writing, the reality in which they arise, and how they express their living experiences. The findings indicate that, despite the difficulties in the writing of texts: a students, in addition to reporting, are identified with this musical style, because its main purpose lies in provoking reactions, b the strategy allows to cater a heterogeneous population academically and culturally, c university students may recognize, as any artistic expression, musical text resulting from this interpretation, which has a social impact in a given group of persons. This strategy provides an opportunity to reflect on the process of integral development and deepens in the construction of a new model of society

Contexto de produção e o estabelecimento da coerência na escrita de histórias por crianças Contexts of textual production and the construction of coherence in stories written by children

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Ana Paula Perdigão Pessoa

2010-01-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo examina a influência da escolaridade e do contexto de produção textual na escrita de histórias por crianças das primeiras séries do Ensino Fundamental. Na primeira condição, as crianças produziram uma história inventada por elas. Na segunda, as crianças foram orientadas a reproduzirem por escrito um conto clássico infantil. As histórias foram classificadas segundo níveis distintos e crescentes de complexidade narrativa e de coerência. A escolaridade e as condições de produção influenciaram o estabelecimento da coerência textual, sendo que o efeito do contexto de produção sobre a escrita de história não foi o mesmo para todas as crianças. A sensibilidade ao contexto de produção estaria relacionada ao grau de domínio de um esquema narrativo de histórias apresentado pela criança.This study examines the influence of schooling and the context of textual production on stories written by 1st and 2nd graders. In the first condition, children were asked to write original stories. In the second condition, they were asked to reproduce in writing a classical tale for children. The stories were classified according to the complexity and coherence of the narrative. Results indicate that schooling and condition of text production influenced the establishment of textual coherence. However, the effect of the contexts of textual production on children's writing was not the same for all children. Sensitivity to the contexts of text production seemed to have been related to children's awareness of narrative schema.

Taking Stock: Marie Nimier’s Textual Cabinet of Curiosities

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Adrienne Angelo

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In many life-writing projects, the seemingly innocuous description of heteroclite objects and how those objects are stored and recalled in fact plays an important role in demonstrating their importance to the process of memory work. At once the lingering traces of one’s past and also an aggregation of stories evoked by an examination of them, these curios focus attention on the relationship between the individual and the storage of memories. This article will focus on certain collectibles, collections and collectors that appear throughout the fictional, autobiographical and autofictional world that Marie Nimier has scripted to date. This textual cabinet of curiosities and the act of collecting more generally serve as a trope to connect memory with materiality, despite the numerous narrative voices that Nimier assumes—voices that move from a first-person “Marie Nimier” to an unnamed, although clearly identifiable first-person and even float between genders. Despite this nominal and narrational fluidity, objects function to guarantee recognition, both for the reader, and, especially, for the author herself. What is at stake in this intertextual assemblage of objects is not only the roles that they play in allowing the narrator to revisit past traumas and loss, but also in connecting the author’s presence to other, more fictionalized voices that above all signify the primacy of life-writing in her corpus.

Sistema de ejercicios para el desarrollo de la construcción textual en los estudiantes no hispanohablantes

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Guadalupe García González

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación consiste en la elaboración de un sistema de ejercicios para el desarrollo de la construcción textual en los estudiantes del curso Preparatorio de la Escuela Latinoamericana de Medicina (ELAM, debido a que presentan dificultades en los componentes funcionales de la asignatura, especialmente para lograr la competencia en la comunicación escrita. La propuesta tiene como base teórica y metodológica el enfoque cognitivo, comunicativo y sociocultural porque permite el estudio de la lengua como un todo, mediante la integración de perspectivas abordadas por diferentes ramas de la lingüística. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en elaborar un sistema de ejercicios para el trabajo con la construcción textual que contribuya al desarrollo de la competencia cognitiva, comunicativa y sociocultural de los estudiantes del Curso Preparatorio de la ELAM. Se utilizan métodos teóricos y empíricos entre los que se encuentran el analítico-sintético, la inducción-deducción, el histórico-lógico y el estudio documental. La propuesta de ejercicios permitirá elevar el nivel de construcción de los estudiantes del curso preparatorio ya que tiene en cuenta la integración de los componentes de la enseñanza de la lengua y se basa en situaciones comunicativas que motivan y obligan a los estudiantes a reflexionar acerca de los medios más adecuados para cada una de ellas.

Intertextualidade e produção textual: análise das narrativas do CELLIJ

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Edna Mara da Silva de Souza

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The textual construction already stated Bakhtin (2006 is permeated with intertextuality, ie a text takes from other texts, from this perspective, this study examines the intertextuality and the representation of narrative structure presented by students who participated in the workshops creative production of texts after storytime at the Centre for Studies in Reading and Children's and Youth Literature Betty Maria Coelho Silva (CELLIJ at UNESP campus of Presidente Prudente - SP. This paper presents a reflection on the importance of offering new narratives, whether through storytelling or reading literary texts, to build the child repertoire. From the reading of the corpus nine selected texts, we observed a strong influence of the heroes of commercial films and television series in child production, as well as a tendency writing conditional structure of fairy tales.

El hipertexto en la Enseñanza Media en Chile: ¿Es pertinente aplicar los enfoques textuales tradicionales?

OpenAIRE

Teresa Ayala Pérez

2012-01-01

Los textos digitales constituyen parte importante de la comunicación en la sociedad de la información y recientemente han sido incluidos en los programas de Lenguaje y Comunicación de E.M. en Chile. Ante esta situación, cabe preguntarse si los tradicionales enfoques textuales, elaborados a partir del texto impreso en los años 70 y 80 y utilizados actualmente en Enseñanza Media, resultan aplicables al hipertexto. En este trabajo se describen algunos rasgos de este tipo de texto y se reflexiona...

Unmanned Tactical Autonomous Control and Collaboration Situation Awareness

Science.gov (United States)

2017-06-01

They can assume, but ultimately they have to hope that the agent is later able to recall their thoughts in order to complete the picture of SA...environmental data with long term memory “schemata,” and the application of those schemata to the situation until the agent achieves a level of SA. Here, 8...schemata” is the term used for knowledge that is stored in long-term memory . He saw the usefulness and application of those schemata as inversely

Dis/Graceful Liberties: Textual Libertinism/ Libertine Texts in J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace

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Driss Hager Ben

2017-12-01

Full Text Available This essay addresses J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace, a Booker Prize winner in 1999. The novel captures South African political and cultural turmoil attending the post-apartheid transitional period. Far from overlooking the political allegory, I propose instead to expand on a topic only cursorily developed elsewhere, namely liberty and license. The two terms foreground the textual dynamics of the novel as they compete and/or negotiate meaning and ascendency. I argue that Disgrace is energized by Coetzee’s belief in a total liberty of artistic production. Sex is philosophically problematized in the text and advocated as a serious issue that deserves artistic investigation without restriction or censorship. This essay looks into the subtle libertinism in Coetzee’s text, which displays pornographic overtones without exhibiting a flamboyant libertinage. Disgrace acquires its libertine gesture from its dialogue with several literary works steeped in libertinism. The troubled relationship between the aesthetic and the ethical yields an ambiguous text that invites a responsible act of reading.

Location and Unlocation: Examining Gender and Telephony through Autoethnographic Textual and Visual Methods

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Lia Bryant BSW, PhD in Sociology

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Studies on gender and telephony tend to be quantitative and depict the purposes for which women and men use mobile telephones and landlines. Qualitative studies on the topic predominantly rely on face-to-face interviews to examine how telephone use genders space. We suggest these traditional methods of data collection leave unexamined the emotional and social relationships that emerge and are enabled by telephone use, which at times reconfigure and gender social spaces. In this article we present a collaborative autoethnographic inquiry based on our own telephone lives. We introduce a reflexive visual and textual methodological design, specifically diary notes, memory work, and photography, developed from our lives as researcher and researched. We examine an important theme in our findings, the physical placement of the telephone and the phone holder's awareness of the physicality of the telephone, which illustrates the importance of our methodological choices. We show how the placement of the phone by the users both genders space and creates emotional spaces.

Understanding the Greenhouse Effect by Embodiment - Analysing and Using Students' and Scientists' Conceptual Resources

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Niebert, Kai; Gropengießer, Harald

2014-01-01

Over the last 20 years, science education studies have reported that there are very different understandings among students of science regarding the key aspects of climate change. We used the cognitive linguistic framework of experientialism to shed new light on this valuable pool of studies to identify the conceptual resources of understanding climate change. In our study, we interviewed 35 secondary school students on their understanding of the greenhouse effect and analysed the conceptions of climate scientists as drawn from textbooks and research reports. We analysed all data by metaphor analysis and qualitative content analysis to gain insight into students' and scientists' resources for understanding. In our analysis, we found that students and scientists refer to the same schemata to understand the greenhouse effect. We categorised their conceptions into three different principles the conceptions are based on: warming by more input, warming by less output, and warming by a new equilibrium. By interrelating students' and scientists' conceptions, we identified the students' learning demand: First, our students were afforded with experiences regarding the interactions of electromagnetic radiation and CO2. Second, our students reflected about the experience-based schemata they use as source domains for metaphorical understanding of the greenhouse effect. By uncovering the-mostly unconscious-deployed schemata, we gave students access to their source domains. We implemented these teaching guidelines in interventions and evaluated them in teaching experiments to develop evidence-based and theory-guided learning activities on the greenhouse effect.

A Systemic-Functional Analysis of English Language Learners' Writing

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Luciana C. DE OLIVEIRA

2015-06-01

Full Text Available This article presents a systemic-functional linguistic analysis of two writing samples of the University of California Analytical Writing Placement (AWP Examination written by English language learners (ELLs. The analysis shows the linguistic features utilized in the two writing samples, one that received a passing score and one that received a failing score. The article describes some of the grammatical resources which are functional for expository writing, which are divided under three main categories: textual, interpersonal, and ideational resources. Following this brief description is the analysis of both essays in terms of these resources.. The configuration of grammatical features used in the essays make up the detached style of essay 1 and the more personal style of essay 2. These grammatical features include the textual resources of thematic choices and development, clause-combining strategies (connectors, and lexical cohesion; interpersonal resources of interpersonal metaphors of modality; and ideational resources of nominalization and abstractions as ideational metaphors. Implications for educational practice and recommendations for educators based on the analysis are provided.

Utility-preserving privacy protection of textual healthcare documents.

Science.gov (United States)

Sánchez, David; Batet, Montserrat; Viejo, Alexandre

2014-12-01

The adoption of ITs by medical organisations makes possible the compilation of large amounts of healthcare data, which are quite often needed to be released to third parties for research or business purposes. Many of this data are of sensitive nature, because they may include patient-related documents such as electronic healthcare records. In order to protect the privacy of individuals, several legislations on healthcare data management, which state the kind of information that should be protected, have been defined. Traditionally, to meet with current legislations, a manual redaction process is applied to patient-related documents in order to remove or black-out sensitive terms. This process is costly and time-consuming and has the undesired side effect of severely reducing the utility of the released content. Automatic methods available in the literature usually propose ad-hoc solutions that are limited to protect specific types of structured information (e.g. e-mail addresses, social security numbers, etc.); as a result, they are hardly applicable to the sensitive entities stated in current regulations that do not present those structural regularities (e.g. diseases, symptoms, treatments, etc.). To tackle these limitations, in this paper we propose an automatic sanitisation method for textual medical documents (e.g. electronic healthcare records) that is able to protect, regardless of their structure, sensitive entities (e.g. diseases) and also those semantically related terms (e.g. symptoms) that may disclose the former ones. Contrary to redaction schemes based on term removal, our approach improves the utility of the protected output by replacing sensitive terms with appropriate generalisations retrieved from several medical and general-purpose knowledge bases. Experiments conducted on highly sensitive documents and in coherency with current regulations on healthcare data privacy show promising results in terms of the practical privacy and utility of the

Argumentation and Fallacies in Television Interviews: for a Dialogue Between the Toulmin Model and the Textual-Interactive Perspective

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Paulo Roberto Gonçalves Segundo

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, propomos uma articulação entre o modelo Toulmin de argumentação e a perspectiva textual-interativa para a análise de uma entrevista de televisão polêmica concedida pelo então candidato a prefeito de São Paulo, Fernando Haddad (PT, a César Tralli, no programa SPTV, da Rede Globo de Comunicações, em período de campanha eleitoral. A proposta justifica-se na medida em que o modelo Toulmin permite uma formalização esquemática da estrutura argumentativa que viabiliza uma análise crítica do processo, ao passo que a perspectiva textual-interativa possibilita compreender a dinâmica de produção e interpretação locais de sentido no texto conversacional, fornecendo ferramentas explanatórias para a construção do esquema argumentativo, o que envolve a variabilidade na explicitação dos componentes do modelo e na configuração de suas relações recíprocas. Pudemos depreender as tendências de: (1 o entrevistador construir a Alegação sob forma de pergunta, de forma a incitar que a resposta consista em uma Refutação, processo permeado por uma dinâmica de preservação da própria face, da face do entrevistador e do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT, na qual o entrevistado busca caracterizar o raciocínio do âncora como falacioso; (2 implicitação de Garantias e, especialmente, Apoios; e (3 construção de cadeias complexas de esquemas argumentativos.

Construction and analysis of television news in Mexico: An approach from the rhetoric

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Carlos González Domínguez

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Through the rhetoric (the art of persuasion, the first great communication theory, today rehabilitated, we can analyze the different aspects of language that are involved in the textuality of the television news. We understand for textuality the combinatorial analysis of the enunciation devices that take part in the rhetorical system of the speech production: invention, disposition, elocution, memory and action. In consequence, in this article, we will see how this combination (textuality as a whole produces sense from the rhetorical trilogy proposed by Aristotle: ethos-pathos-logos, ethical, pathetic and logical reasons for which men interact. Particularly we will put the accent in the disposition (exordium, narration, demonstration, elocution and epilogue, for we consider it to be the moment in which the enunciation devices more flagrantly express themselves. Rhetorics constitutes a powerful epistemological basis that allows us to understand the construction of the speeches, and, in the specific case here analyzed, the speech of the Mexican television news.

Consciência da "estrutura argumentativa" e produção textual

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Regina Pinheiro

Full Text Available A suposição cognitivista de que a consciência de um "esquema argumentativo" oriente as produções textuais dos indivíduos está longe de ser pacífica. Alternativamente, sugere-se que os elementos incluídos num texto seriam determinados pela consciência a respeito de parâmetros da situação de produção textual (finalidade, destinatário, etc.. Partindo-se desta controvérsia, investigou-se em que medida a reflexão sobre a "estrutura argumentativa" exerceria um impacto sobre os elementos que crianças e adultos jovens incorporariam a seus textos. A análise dos resultados mostrou que: ponto de vista e justificativa foram os elementos considerados indispensáveis a uma escrita argumentativa. Antecipação de contra-argumentos foi vista como relevante para a consecução do objetivo persuasivo do texto apenas quando eram rebatidos. A reflexão sobre elementos da "estrutura argumentativa" nem sempre correspondeu à inclusão destes nos textos produzidos. Tal inclusão dependeu primordialmente da avaliação dos elementos que mais contribuiriam para a consecução da finalidade persuasiva do texto - consciência retórica.

Competitive intelligence and patent analysis in drug discovery.

Science.gov (United States)

Grandjean, Nicolas; Charpiot, Brigitte; Pena, Carlos Andres; Peitsch, Manuel C

2005-01-01

Patents are a major source of information in drug discovery and, when properly processed and analyzed, can yield a wealth of information on competitors activities, R&D trends, emerging fields, collaborations, among others. This review discusses the current state-of-the-art in textual data analysis and exploration methods as applied to patent analysis.: © 2005 Elsevier Ltd . All rights reserved.

A prescrição da produção textual do aluno: orientação para o trabalho de aluno ou restrição do seu agir?

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Luzia Bueno

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Este artigo visa discutir a importância de se olhar a prescrição da produção textual do aluno para se compreender melhor os textos produzidos na situação acadêmica. Para isso, retomamos os resultados de análise de um documento prescritivo e dos projetos de estágio feitos por estudantes do curso de Letras. Para a análise e reflexão sobre os resultados, adota a perspectiva teórica do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo e de Ciências do Trabalho – Ergonomia da Atividade e Clínica da Atividade, particularmente, assim como as pesquisas do grupo ALTER-LAEL.Palavras-chave: Prescrição. Produção textual. Trabalho de aluno. Formação de professores. Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo.

Cognitive representations of peripheral neuropathy and self-reported foot-care behaviour of people at high risk of diabetes-related foot complications

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Perrin, B. M.; Swerissen, H.; Payne, C. B.

2014-01-01

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the cognitive representations of peripheral neuropathy and self-reported foot-care behaviour in an Australian sample of people with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken with 121 participants with diabetes...... and peripheral neuropathy. Cognitive representations of peripheral neuropathy were measured by the Patients' Interpretation of Neuropathy questionnaire and two aspects of self-foot-care behaviour were measured using a self-report questionnaire. Hierarchical cluster analysis using the average linkage method...... was used to identify distinct illness schemata related to peripheral neuropathy. Results: Three clusters of participants were identified who exhibited distinct illness schemata related to peripheral neuropathy. One cluster had more misperceptions about the nature of peripheral neuropathy, one cluster...

Textual Analysis of Intangible Information

NARCIS (Netherlands)

A.J. Moniz (Andy)

2016-01-01

markdownabstractTraditionally, equity investors have relied upon the information reported in firms’ financial accounts to make their investment decisions. Due to the conservative nature of accounting standards, firms cannot value their intangible assets such as corporate culture, brand value and

Ontology Maintenance using Textual Analysis

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Yassine Gargouri

2003-10-01

Full Text Available Ontologies are continuously confronted to evolution problem. Due to the complexity of the changes to be made, a maintenance process, at least a semi-automatic one, is more and more necessary to facilitate this task and to ensure its reliability. In this paper, we propose a maintenance ontology model for a domain, whose originality is to be language independent and based on a sequence of text processing in order to extract highly related terms from corpus. Initially, we deploy the document classification technique using GRAMEXCO to generate classes of texts segments having a similar information type and identify their shared lexicon, agreed as highly related to a unique topic. This technique allows a first general and robust exploration of the corpus. Further, we apply the Latent Semantic Indexing method to extract from this shared lexicon, the most associated terms that has to be seriously considered by an expert to eventually confirm their relevance and thus updating the current ontology. Finally, we show how the complementarity between these two techniques, based on cognitive foundation, constitutes a powerful refinement process.

Reaction Time and Self-Report Psychopathological Assessment: Convergent and Discriminant Validity.

Science.gov (United States)

Holden, Ronald R.; Fekken, G. Cynthia

The processing of incoming psychological information along the network, or schemata, of self-knowledge was studied to determine the convergent and discriminant validity of the patterns of schemata-specific response latencies. Fifty-three female and 52 male university students completed the Basic Personality Inventory (BPI). BPI scales assess…

Los viajes y trabajos de Manuel Iradier en África: género e hibridismo textual en el relato de viajes en el siglo XIX

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Llosa Sanz, Álvaro

2005-12-01

Full Text Available The present article analyzes and locates the book of trips of century XIX like a crossroad of the most varied genre. For reaching this purpose, the travel book titled África. Viajes y trabajos de la Asociación Eúskara La Exploradora, written and published in two volumes by Manuel Iradier in 1887, has been chosen. Through this collection of texts the reader discovers —almost encyclopedically— an amazing world which is shown through the mixed use of different textual genres.El presente artículo analiza y sitúa el libro de viajes del siglo XIX como encrucijada de los más variados géneros. Para ello, se ha escogido el texto África. Viajes y trabajos de la Asociación Eúskara La Exploradora, escrito por Manuel Iradier en 1887 y publicado en dos volúmenes. A través de sus textos el lector va descubriendo casi enciclopédicamente un mundo que se le muestra a través del uso variadísimo de diferentes géneros textuales que se entremezclan y conforman el libro de viajes.

Integration of relational and textual biomedical sources. A pilot experiment using a semi-automated method for logical schema acquisition.

Science.gov (United States)

García-Remesal, M; Maojo, V; Billhardt, H; Crespo, J

2010-01-01

Bringing together structured and text-based sources is an exciting challenge for biomedical informaticians, since most relevant biomedical sources belong to one of these categories. In this paper we evaluate the feasibility of integrating relational and text-based biomedical sources using: i) an original logical schema acquisition method for textual databases developed by the authors, and ii) OntoFusion, a system originally designed by the authors for the integration of relational sources. We conducted an integration experiment involving a test set of seven differently structured sources covering the domain of genetic diseases. We used our logical schema acquisition method to generate schemas for all textual sources. The sources were integrated using the methods and tools provided by OntoFusion. The integration was validated using a test set of 500 queries. A panel of experts answered a questionnaire to evaluate i) the quality of the extracted schemas, ii) the query processing performance of the integrated set of sources, and iii) the relevance of the retrieved results. The results of the survey show that our method extracts coherent and representative logical schemas. Experts' feedback on the performance of the integrated system and the relevance of the retrieved results was also positive. Regarding the validation of the integration, the system successfully provided correct results for all queries in the test set. The results of the experiment suggest that text-based sources including a logical schema can be regarded as equivalent to structured databases. Using our method, previous research and existing tools designed for the integration of structured databases can be reused - possibly subject to minor modifications - to integrate differently structured sources.

On the metaphorical nature of intellectual capital: A textual analysis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dr. Daan Andriessen

2005-01-01

Metaphors are at the basis of our understanding of reality. Using the theory of metaphor developed by Lakoff and Johnson (1980, 1999) this paper analyses common metaphors used in the intellectual capital and knowledge management literatures. An analysis of key works by Davenport & Prusak (2000),

A textual analysis of male gayness in Nakanjani Sibiya's novel ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... represents gay images that are in agreement with the 1996 Constitution of South Africa, which protects the rights of gay people. The analysis of male gayness is situated within the theoretical framework of intercultural communication. Intercultural communication theory regards gay identities as microcultures or subcultures ...

Visual physics analysis VISPA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Actis, Oxana; Brodski, Michael; Erdmann, Martin; Fischer, Robert; Hinzmann, Andreas; Mueller, Gero; Muenzer, Thomas; Plum, Matthias; Steggemann, Jan; Winchen, Tobias; Klimkovich, Tatsiana

2010-01-01

VISPA is a development environment for high energy physics analyses which enables physicists to combine graphical and textual work. A physics analysis cycle consists of prototyping, performing, and verifying the analysis. The main feature of VISPA is a multipurpose window for visual steering of analysis steps, creation of analysis templates, and browsing physics event data at different steps of an analysis. VISPA follows an experiment-independent approach and incorporates various tools for steering and controlling required in a typical analysis. Connection to different frameworks of high energy physics experiments is achieved by using different types of interfaces. We present the look-and-feel for an example physics analysis at the LHC and explain the underlying software concepts of VISPA.

Contexto pragmático, géneros y comprensión lectora de resúmenes científicos en inglés

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Piedad Fernández Toledo

2000-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to validate empirically the inclusion of a rhetorical or "genre schema" component in the readers' prior knowledge, to be considered both in the teaching of foreign languages and in Documentary Analysis and Processing. A pragmatic component must be included in L1 and FL reading comprehension models, which takes into account the communicative purpose as a systematic element, relevant for the comprehension of certain genre types by the discourse community which uses them habitually. The concept of "genre schemata" means the knowledge and application of formal conventions that identify that genre and relate it to its communicative purpose. Thus, the aim of this work is to check whether using these schemata helps i n the reading comprehension of certain genre by L2 readers familiar with them as part of the discourse community within their field. The outcomes of this study seem to prove this, and have also implications for the practice of documentary analysis

Text Stream Trend Analysis using Multiscale Visual Analytics with Applications to Social Media Systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Steed, Chad A [ORNL; Beaver, Justin M [ORNL; BogenII, Paul L. [Google Inc.; Drouhard, Margaret MEG G [ORNL; Pyle, Joshua M [ORNL

2015-01-01

In this paper, we introduce a new visual analytics system, called Matisse, that allows exploration of global trends in textual information streams with specific application to social media platforms. Despite the potential for real-time situational awareness using these services, interactive analysis of such semi-structured textual information is a challenge due to the high-throughput and high-velocity properties. Matisse addresses these challenges through the following contributions: (1) robust stream data management, (2) automated sen- timent/emotion analytics, (3) inferential temporal, geospatial, and term-frequency visualizations, and (4) a flexible drill-down interaction scheme that progresses from macroscale to microscale views. In addition to describing these contributions, our work-in-progress paper concludes with a practical case study focused on the analysis of Twitter 1% sample stream information captured during the week of the Boston Marathon bombings.

REPRESENTATION OF KIM JONG-UN’S SUCCESSION IN BBC NEWS: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

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Hendra Nugraha

2016-04-01

Full Text Available This research attempts to reveal representation of Kim Jong-Un’s succession in BBC News through textual and discursive practice analysis. The data of this thesis are taken from BBC News website on 29 and 31 December 2011. The theory applied to seek the objective of the research is Critical Discourse Analysis developed by Fairclough. Through textual and discursive practice analysis, the writer finds pthat BBC employs more passive material clauses than active material clauses in depicting Kim Jong-Un’s succession. BBC also represents Kim Jong-Un’s succession as premature process where Kim Jong-Un is portrayed as a young and inexperienced leader. Besides the prematurity of the succession, the present writer finds that BBC represents Kim Jong-Un’s succession as continuity of Kim’s family dynasty. Thus, the succession is based on his resemblance to Kim Il-Sung, the founder of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, rather than Kim Jong-Un ability and competency.

Movements and Meanings: Towards an Integrated Approach to Political Discourse Analysis

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Дуглас Марк Понтон

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This chapter has two principal focuses; firstly backwards in time, across some of the high points in the development of political discourse analysis, in order to assess the current state of the field. It also has a future focus, as it attempts to integrate insights from some emerging fields, such as Multimodality, with more consolidated approaches. It has been argued, in many accounts (e.g. Fairclough and Fairclough 2012, that persuasion is the most pervasive function of all political discourse, and most authors agree that the processes involved encompass both textual and non-textual features. An influential early attempt, for example, to describe some non-verbal aspects of persuasive rhetoric was Atkinson (1984, who identified features like the speaker’s voice quality, intonation, posture, body language, eye movements, and so on, as well as some other non-linguistic ‘tricks’. As influential as this work was, however, these features have tended to be omitted from many subsequent accounts of persuasion in political rhetoric, which have concentrated on features of argumentation operating at a strictly textual level.The overall aim of this work is to suggest pathways towards the ambitious goal of developing a usable, integrated model for analysing political discourse. Instead of analysing a single feature such as metaphor (Charteris-Black 2006, parliamentary insults (Ilie 2004, evaluative language or humour (Swain 1999, 2002, the model attempts to combine descriptions of textual and non-verbal/multimodal features of political discourse, in order to provide a practical tool for analytical purposes, and a coherent account of their possible pragmatic effects.

Analytic Provenance Datasets: A Data Repository of Human Analysis Activity and Interaction Logs

OpenAIRE

Mohseni, Sina; Pachuilo, Andrew; Nirjhar, Ehsanul Haque; Linder, Rhema; Pena, Alyssa; Ragan, Eric D.

2018-01-01

We present an analytic provenance data repository that can be used to study human analysis activity, thought processes, and software interaction with visual analysis tools during exploratory data analysis. We conducted a series of user studies involving exploratory data analysis scenario with textual and cyber security data. Interactions logs, think-alouds, videos and all coded data in this study are available online for research purposes. Analysis sessions are segmented in multiple sub-task ...

Retórica hipertextual: para un modelo de análisis de la ficción interactiva Hypertextual rethoric: towards a model for interactive fiction analysis

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Rosanna Mestre Pérez

2007-03-01

Full Text Available El artículo propone una metodología de análisis textual para las hiperficciones explorativas que sirva de instrumento didáctico de la literatura hipertextual en los niveles medio y superior. La propuesta contiene diez apartados (con descriptores, justificación y ejemplos en cada uno de ellos y se fundamenta en dos premisas conceptuales: es imprescindible disponer de modelos de análisis que respondan a las características propias de la textualidad interactiva y trabajar con un modelo de enseñanza que promueva una asimilación significativa de los contenidos. This paper proposes a model for textual analysis in explorative hyperfictions that may serve as a didactic tool for teaching hypertextual literature in both middle and upper levels. The proposal includes ten sections (with descriptors, justification and examples for each of them and is based on two conceptual premises: it is essential to make use of analysis models which respond to the inherent features of the interactive textuality, and to work with a teaching model that encourages comprehensive learning.

Die Visualisierung von Quellennetzwerken am Beispiel Plutarchs

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Charlotte Schubert

2016-02-01

Full Text Available This paper focuses on the research on visualizations that support close and distant reading of textual data in the digital classics. The visualization and analysis of textual relationships will be thematised suggesting a taxonomy of classical textual sources as well as the surplus of potentially beneficial visualization approaches for research using graphs to analyze the textual relationship. Based upon the inherent textual content and using the texts’ associated metadata network graphs (created with Gephi are presented which allow an anlysis of relationships among the textual contents of Plutarch’s work.

The professionalization of political communication? a longitudinal analysis of Dutch election campaign posters

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vliegenthart, R.

2012-01-01

This article provides an analysis of Dutch election posters in the period from 1946 to 2006. Based on the literature on the professionalization of political communication, several hypotheses are formulated regarding changes in textual and visual elements of those posters. These hypotheses focus on

Philosophical counselling: Towards a 'new approach' in pastoral ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

In this article it was argued that philosophical counselling opens up new avenues for pastoral care and counselling. Philosophical counselling probes into the realm of different schemata of interpretation. A model for the making of a spiritual existential analysis was proposed in order to detect the impact of the Christian ...

[Herbal textual research on relationship between Chinese medicine"Shihu" (Dendrobium spp.) and "Tiepi Shihu" (D. catenatum)].

Science.gov (United States)

Si, Jin-Ping; Zhang, Yuan; Luo, Yi-Bo; Liu, Jing-Jing; Liu, Zhong-Jian

2017-05-01

Dendrobium species on the ancient Chinese herbal texts were investigated in this paper, including their dscriptions of original species, producing areas and quality. Our results indicated that the major producing areas were Lu'an, Anhui province and Wenzhou, Taizhou, Zhejiang province. In addition, the sweet flavor, short, thin and solid stems were standing for good quality. Based on the stable producing areas and quality descriptions, D. catenatum (D. officinale) ("Tiepi Shihu") and D. houshanense were high quality medicinal Dendrobium species ("Shihu" ) in ancient China. Besides, there were 3 scientific names for "Tiepi Shihu", including D. candidum, D. officinale, D. catenatum. After textual investigation, We suggest that D. catenatum should be its scientific name, and D. officinale was synonyms published later. However, the name "D. officinale" could be reserved as it is much more popular used in publication and commodities. Moreover, its Chinese name should be "Tiepi Shihu". Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Mobility: A Critical Appraisal

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

McIntosh, James; D. Munk, Martin

that traditional methods used in the analysis of mobility tables will produce biased and, hence, unreliable estimates of the model's parameters if there are individual attributes that can be observed by the researcher like ability, for example. We also show that the schemata that are used to define social classes...... based on occupational groupings can be tested using classical statistical methods. Using Danish mobility data we found that there were plausible situations where these schemata are rejected by the data. A model of income was developed whose structural parameters could be estimated consistently....... This was then estimated on a Danish longitudinal data base in which respondents were surveyed in 1976 and again in 2000. The main conclusions are that household income depends significantly on parental background variables and in spite of the fact that Denmark has many universal social programmes devoted to improving...

The language of racism. Textual testimonies of Jewish-Arab hostility in the Israeli Academia

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Tamar Heger

2015-02-01

Full Text Available The persistent Jewish Arab conflict is present in every aspect of life in Israeli society and its echoes penetrate the everyday reality of higher educational institutions. Feelings of mutual hostility among Arab and Jewish students, faculty and administration are common experiences on Israeli campuses. This article analyzes two textual expressions of this mutual resentment which were circulated in 2011 in Tel Hai College, Israel. One of the texts was produced by Muslim Arab student association and the other by a Zionist Jewish organization. Both groups are present on every campus in Israel. Despite the significant difference of the political location occupied by each organization in the Israeli power structure, we argue that these texts share similar attitudes to the conflict and parallel operational strategies. The paper demonstrates the attempts by these texts to encourage the mutual hostility between Jews and Arabs by employing racist and violent discourse. The article tries to explain the silence of the college administration and faculty in the face of these racist acts, subsequently outlining a vision of a responsible academia which will banish any acts of racism.

Estratégias de leitura e compreensão textual em universitários

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Lucicleide Maria de Cantalice

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar a compreensão textual em universitários e o uso das estratégias metacognitivas de leitura, considerando a faixa etária dos mesmos. Cento e dez universitários (110 do curso de psicologia de uma universidade privada paulista participaram da investigação. Foram utilizados uma escala de estratégias metacognitivas de leitura e um texto de 250 vocábulos preparado segundo a técnica de Cloze em sua versão tradicional, cuja característica é a omissão de todos os quintos vocábulos do texto. A aplicação foi coletiva naqueles estudantes que consentiram participar. Os dados foram submetidos à estatística inferencial e evidenciaram relação estatisticamente significativa entre a pontuação na escala de estratégias metacognitivas de leitura e os escores do Cloze. Foi possível também evidenciar diferenças na pontuação na compreensão em leitura dos estudantes, considerando a faixa etária dos mesmos.

The third language: A recurrent textual restriction that translators come across in audiovisual translation.

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Montse Corrius Gimbert

2005-01-01

Full Text Available If the process of translating is not at all simple, the process of translating an audiovisual text is still more complex. Apart rom technical problems such as lip synchronisation, there are other factors to be considered such as the use of the language and textual structures deemed appropriate to the channel of communication. Bearing in mind that most of the films we are continually seeing on our screens were and are produced in the United States, there is an increasing need to translate them into the different languages of the world. But sometimes the source audiovisual text contains more than one language, and, thus, a new problem arises: the ranslators face additional difficulties in translating this “third language” (language or dialect into the corresponding target culture. There are many films containing two languages in the original version but in this paper we will focus mainly on three films: Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969, Raid on Rommel (1999 and Blade Runner (1982. This paper aims at briefly illustrating different solutions which may be applied when we come across a “third language”.

Compreensão textual em alunos de segunda e terceira séries: uma abordagem cognitiva Text comprehension in second and third graders: a cognitive approach

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jerusa Fumagalli de Salles

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a compreensão de leitura textual de alunos de 2ª e 3ª séries. Participaram 76 crianças, com média de idade de 8,1 anos. Cada criança lia a história, recontava-a e, posteriormente, respondia a questões. Os recontos foram analisados segundo o Modelo de Compreensão Textual de Kintsch & van Dijk (1978 e Kintsch (1988, 1998. A amostra relatou, em média, 21,07% da estrutura proposicional da história, sendo mais freqüente o relato de macroproposições. Alunos da terceira série foram superiores aos da segunda série no relato de microproposições menos relevantes do texto e em responder a questões pontuais sobre a história. Foi encontrada uma correlação significativa entre idade e o reconto da macroestrutura textual. Os resultados sugerem que durante os primeiros anos de escolarização ocorreu uma melhora da memorização de detalhes, enquanto que a retenção das idéias essenciais foi influenciada pelas variações de idade das crianças.This study aimed to analyze text comprehension of students of the 2nd and 3rd grades. The sample was constituted by 76 children, at an average of 8.1 years old. Each child read the story, retold it and, afterwards, answered questions about it. The retellings were analyzed according to the model of Text Comprehension of Kintsch and van Dijk (1978 and Kintsch (1988, 1998. The sample recalled a mean of 21.07% of the proposition structure of the story, being the report of macropropositions more frequent. Students of the third grade told larger percentage of irrelevant micropropositions of the text and they were superior in answering to specific questions than students of the second grade. A significant correlation was found between age and macroproposition's retelling. The results suggest that during the first years of schooling there is an improvement of the detail-remembering, whereas the retention of the essential ideas is influenced by age differences.

The Effect of Topical Structure Analysis Instruction on University Students' Writing Quality

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Liangprayoon, Somlak; Chaya, Walaiporn; Thep-ackraphong, Tipa

2013-01-01

Coherence is considered one of the characteristics of effective writing. Topical structure analysis (TSA) has been taught to students as a revision strategy to raise their awareness of importance of textual coherence and helps them clearly understand its concept. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of TSA instruction in improving…

Sustentabilidade e entropia na geração textual variacional: PoemAds - sob o signo da devoração

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Rui Torres

2012-12-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-9288.2012v8n2p361   Descrição e contextualização teórica de um conjunto de poemas digitais realizados com o apoio do motor textual Poemário, seguindo procedimentos combinatórios e generativos. Este trabalho de literatura electrónica foi programado a partir da conjugação de vários slogans publicitários, constituindo dessa forma uma plagiotropia e uma devoração da publicidade actual. O léxico que alimenta estes processos foi tratado e seleccionado a partir de aproximadamente 10.000 anúncios publicitários e propagandísticos em língua portuguesa.

Structuralistic Analysis of the Poem “The Stone Chat” by Taufeeq Rafat in perspective of Binary Opposition

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Bushra Munawar

2016-07-01

Full Text Available The aim of this research study is to apply Structuralism (a Linguistic movement related to scientific study of words as signs as a theoretical framework on the poem “The Stone Chat” by Taufiq Rafat, a prominent Pakistani poet. The study focuses on, presenting Structuralistic analysis (relation between sign and signifier of the selected text, as proposed by the Swiss Structuralist, De Saussure. Besides, this paper particularly is a textual analysis of a Pakistani piece of poetry by application of linguistic concept of binary opposites (paired opposite as proposed by a Linguist Levi-Strauss (a linguist in his book Structuralist Anthropology, (1950. The searching of text for binary oppositions is the targeted endeavor of this study with the focus to analyze how far they are skillfully and contextually positioned in this poem. Hence, the researchers intend to focus on the antithetical forces and binary ideas present in the text. The close textual analysis of the poem is aimed at in this context, since The Stone Chat has antithetical ideas in abundance. Furthermore, the proposed study underhand, focuses upon bringing to foreground the syntagmatic relation (concept of chain between signifiers as they are employed in linguistic framework or pattern of this poem. Besides, to the fact how text (signifiers acts and reacts (contradicts to its linguistic framework, this paper aims to analyze the variations in tone, attitude and thinking perspectives of speaker in the poem. Furthermore, the close textual analysis, descriptive and interpretive methods as research techniques have been utilized in this study. This research study is likely to contribute to fields of Linguistics, Literary theory and Pakistani literature as a distinct genre.

In the Beginning was the Genome: Genomics and the Bi-textuality of Human Existence.

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Zwart, H A E Hub

2018-04-01

This paper addresses the cultural impact of genomics and the Human Genome Project (HGP) on human self-understanding. Notably, it addresses the claim made by Francis Collins (director of the HGP) that the genome is the language of God and the claim made by Max Delbrück (founding father of molecular life sciences research) that Aristotle must be credited with having predicted DNA as the soul that organises bio-matter. From a continental philosophical perspective I will argue that human existence results from a dialectical interaction between two types of texts: the language of molecular biology and the language of civilisation; the language of the genome and the language of our socio-cultural, symbolic ambiance. Whereas the former ultimately builds on the alphabets of genes and nucleotides, the latter is informed by primordial texts such as the Bible and the Quran. In applied bioethics deliberations on genomics, science is easily framed as liberating and progressive, religious world-views as conservative and restrictive (Zwart 1993). This paper focusses on the broader cultural ambiance of the debate to discern how the bi-textuality of human existence is currently undergoing a transition, as not only the physiological, but also the normative dimension is being reframed in biomolecular and terabyte terms.

Rethinking Over Textuality of Digital Image: A Methodological Proposal for Pleasant Reading on Digital Screens

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Cristian Álvarez

2009-12-01

Full Text Available It sets out the necessity about thinking over the instructional function of image in digital world under the light of the new opportunities of a methodological proposal to read as a game. First, for this reason it exams the perceptions of García Canclini about the reading of university students, and its problems on the context of new technologies: accumulation of information versus weakening of reflection. To this situation it adds the no appreciation of visual images. Faced with this problematic situation, and with the aim of sketching out options, it analyzes two experiences about books: the “tasty” reading of texts (the “good reading”, and the potentialities presented in the essential characteristics of playing. So, it proposes a methodology shaped for five steps to read images on digital screen. Its aim is seizing the possibilities of “good reading” to expand the comprehension of the visual information perceived through the screen. The proposal puts the accent in the textuality of representational surface of an image. Also it brings the attentive visual route about in order to enable to identify both significant forms and spaces. This proposal is illustrated with examples.

Opening up to Big Data: Computer-Assisted Analysis of Textual Data in Social Sciences

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Gregor Wiedemann

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Two developments in computational text analysis may change the way qualitative data analysis in social sciences is performed: 1. the availability of digital text worth to investigate is growing rapidly, and 2. the improvement of algorithmic information extraction approaches, also called text mining, allows for further bridging the gap between qualitative and quantitative text analysis. The key factor hereby is the inclusion of context into computational linguistic models which extends conventional computational content analysis towards the extraction of meaning. To clarify methodological differences of various computer-assisted text analysis approaches the article suggests a typology from the perspective of a qualitative researcher. This typology shows compatibilities between manual qualitative data analysis methods and computational, rather quantitative approaches for large scale mixed method text analysis designs. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1302231

Texto literario y texto fílmico : análisis comparativo-textual de "El invierno en Lisboa, Beltenebros y Plenilunio" de Antonio Muñoz Molina

OpenAIRE

Vázquez Naveira, Marta Maria

2016-01-01

En la tesis Texto literario y texto jilmico. A nálisis comparativo-textual de El invierno en Lisboa, Beltenebros y Plenilunio de Antonio Muñoz Molina analizamos, desde una perspectiva narratológica y filmica, las tres novelas del escritor y sus adaptaciones cinematográficas. El alcance de las relaciones entre cine y literatura es muy amplio y opera en ambas direcciones. En este trabajo se lleva a cabo un estudio comparativo de los textos con el fin de comprobar si mantienen ...

An Analysis of Science Textbooks for Grade 6: The Electric Circuit Lesson

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Sothayapetch, Pavinee; Lavonen, Jari; Juuti, Kalle

2013-01-01

Textbooks are a major tool in the teaching and learning process. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the Finnish and Thai 6th grade science textbooks: electric circuit lesson. Textual and pictorial information from the textbooks were analyzed under four main categories: 1) introduction of the concepts, 2) type of knowledge, 3)…

A Hybrid System for Subjectivity Analysis

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Samir Rustamov

2018-01-01

Full Text Available We suggested different structured hybrid systems for the sentence-level subjectivity analysis based on three supervised machine learning algorithms, namely, Hidden Markov Model, Fuzzy Control System, and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System. The suggested feature extraction algorithm in our experiment computes a feature vector using statistical textual terms frequencies in a training dataset not having the use of any lexical knowledge except tokenization. Taking into consideration this fact, the above-mentioned methods may be employed in other languages as these methods do not utilize the morphological, syntactical, and lexical analysis in the classification problems.

Sistema de ejercicios didácticos para desarrollar la comprensión textual en los estudiantes de séptimo grado

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Kendra Carballo Téllez

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Este artículo recoge los aspectos más relevantes de un tema actual en la práctica educativa cubana, el tratamiento didáctico a los indicadores para el desarrollo de una competencia cognitiva-comunicativa y sociocultural en la secundaria básica. Aporta un sistema de ejercicios didácticos para el desarrollo de la prensión lectora desde un enfoque cognitivo, comunicativo y sociocultural. Se toman como referentes, importantes definiciones, teorías esenciales y el algoritmo sugerido para la comprensión textual. El sistema de ejercicios didácticos propuesto contiene una fundamentación detallada, se ajusta a los requerimientos metodológicos de elaboración de este tipo de documento.

Soft Power as a Policy Rationale for International Education in the UK: A Critical Analysis

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Lomer, Sylvie

2017-01-01

This article presents the results of a textual analysis conducted on policy discourses on international students in the UK between 1999 and 2013. A number of rationales for and against increasing their numbers have been made, which have largely remained consistent over changing political administrations. One key rationale is that international…

Preclinical medical students’ understandings of academic and medical professionalism: visual analysis of mind maps

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Rees, Charlotte E

2017-01-01

Introduction Several studies have begun to explore medical students’ understandings of professionalism generally and medical professionalism specifically. Despite espoused relationships between academic (AP) and medical professionalism (MP), previous research has not yet investigated students’ conceptualisations of AP and MP and the relationships between the two. Objectives The current study, based on innovative visual analysis of mind maps, therefore aims to contribute to the developing literature on how professionalism is understood. Methods We performed a multilayered analysis of 98 mind maps from 262 first-year medical students, including analysing textual and graphical elements of AP, MP and the relationships between AP and MP. Results The most common textual attributes of AP were learning, lifestyle and personality, while attributes of MP were knowledge, ethics and patient-doctor relations. Images of books, academic caps and teachers were used most often to represent AP, while images of the stethoscope, doctor and red cross were used to symbolise MP. While AP-MP relations were sometimes indicated through co-occurring text, visual connections and higher-order visual metaphors, many students struggled to articulate the relationships between AP and MP. Conclusions While the mind maps’ textual attributes shared similarities with those found in previous research, suggesting the universality of some professionalism attributes, our study provides new insights into students’ conceptualisations of AP, MP and AP-MP relationships. We encourage medical educators to help students develop their understandings of AP, MP and AP-MP relationships, plus consider the feasibility and value of mind maps as a source of visual data for medical education research. PMID:28821520

Media Representation of the Human Body: Discourse Analysis of Advertisements

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Marija Lončar

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Even though advertisements represent a world of its own, they are an inevitable part of different kinds of media. The purpose of advertising is not only to promote a product but also to transfer messages, values and ideas in order to make emotional connections with brands. By building emotional attachment, advertisers increase and strengthen consumers’ responses. The promoting of the advertisements’ images becomes much more important than promoting the product itself. Nowadays, an increasing interest in representing a human body along with different kinds of products and services has become a commonplace among advertisers. Representation of the body is a socially constructed phenomenon. In other words, social processes shape perceptions of our bodies and these perceptions (recreate human experiences of the body. The authors’ approach includes qualitative discourse analysis of advertisements. The objective was to identify the relationship between the human body and textual messages as integral components of the advertised item taken in consideration, as well as the ways in which they interact with the reader’s overall experience. For this purpose, different advertisements that contain visual and textual messages representing human bodies have been analysed. They were all published in the following lifestyle magazines: Cosmopolitan, Playboy, Men’s Health, during 2012 and 2013. The authors conclude that media representations of a human body as social phenomena perceive value and treat the body in different ways depending on the relationship between the advertisement, the textual message and the human body.

Suicide and the 'Poison Complex': Toxic Relationalities, Child Development, and the Sri Lankan Self-Harm Epidemic.

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Widger, Tom

2015-01-01

Suicide prevention efforts in Asia have increasingly turned to 'quick win' means restriction, while more complicated cognitive restriction and psychosocial programs are limited. This article argues the development of cognitive restriction programs requires greater consideration of suicide methods as social practices, and of how suicide cognitive schemata form. To illustrate this, the article contributes an ethnographically grounded study of how self-poisoning becomes cognitively available in Sri Lanka. I argue the overwhelming preference for poison as a method of self-harm in the country is not simply reflective of its widespread availability, but rather how cognitive schemata of poison-a 'poison complex'-develops from early childhood and is a precondition for suicide schemata. Limiting cognitive availability thus requires an entirely novel approach to suicide prevention that draws back from its immediate object (methods and causes of self-harm) to engage the wider poison complex of which suicide is just one aspect.

Schema-Based Analysis of Gendered Self-Disclosure in Persian: Writing for Dating Context

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Khodadady, Ebrahim; Mehr, Somayeh Javadi

2012-01-01

This paper reports a textual analysis of letters written by 21 male and 21 female participants in Persian. Each writer wrote two letters, one to a dating service and another one to a hypothetical person chosen and introduced by the center. Therefore, a total of 84 letters were collected from the participants. Schema theory was used to find the…

What Is Normal, True, and Right: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Students' Written Resistance Strategies on LGBTQ Topics

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Jaekel, Kathryn

2016-01-01

This study examines how students perform resistance to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer topics in their written reflections in a higher education diversity course. Using a three-tiered critical discourse analysis , this article maps students' resistant textual devices in their written reflections, analyzes the institutional setting…

N. S. LESKOV’S NOTEBOOK WITH EXTRACTS FROM “PROLOGUE” (THE EXPERIENCE OF TEXTUAL COMMENTS

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Inna N. Mineeva

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Thе article, for the fi rst time, provides a detailed textual commentary on N. S. Leskov’s notebook with extracts from “Prologue”. The extant literary materials include extracts and abstracts from the early printed Prologue, fi ction and historical literature of the 19th century, letters of European and Russian scholars and authors (Pushkin A., Tolstoy L., Pigault-Lebrun, Sher I., devoted to  doctrine matters and religious aspects, description and analysis of anthropologic categories. The autograph is the evidence of spiritual search and creative experiments of  the writer. In  the books the  writer found endorsement of both his own ideas, and those ones that require further inner understanding, questioning and emotional upheaval. Meanwhile, studying the history, structure and contents of  Prologue in  the 1880s, Leskov found an  exceptional existential and creative experience. The most part of  the notebook shows the writer’s learning process of various examples of repentance, atonement, a sudden rebirth of a sinner, active love, the benefi ts of obedience, the miracle of movement of a saint in space, the phenomenon of manifestation of  supernatural power and its intervention in  life of  a  man (God, the Holy Spirit, Angels, etc. While working with Prologue texts Leskov enunciated some principles of  their artistic processing  (quoting “crisis”, “turning”, unusual fragments in  the Church Slavonic language, emphasizing key situations by changing the name, specifying the narration, acronyms, graphic intonation. General trends in  understanding of  the  Prologue source (ideological, imaginative, plot-compositional, stylistic, identifi ed in the notebook, are subsequently transformed by the author in a series of “Byzantine Legends” where they receive additional semantic and functional load.

O herói na forma e no conteúdo: análise textual do Mangá Dragon Ball e Dragon Ball Z.

OpenAIRE

Silva, André Luiz Souza da

2006-01-01

A presente dissertação, intitulada O herói na forma e no conteúdo: análise textual do mangá Dragon Ball e Dragon Ball Z, objetiva averiguar os aspectos narrativos que compõem o mangá ao longo dessa série, verificando o papel do herói e a sua relação com os demais personagens. Para isso, a investigação analisa os aspectos plásticos do herói no contexto da economia narrativa geral dos quadrinhos. O objetivo é ponderar e realçar certos aspectos de ordem morfológica e das ações narrativas entre o...

The friends that game together: A folkloric expansion of textual poaching to genre farming for socialization in tabletop role-playing games

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Michael Robert Underwood

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Tabletop role-playing games (RPGs are a folkloric form for creating and reaffirming community bonds and performing identity. Gaming is used to communicate and perform cultural capital and identity through fictional narratives, functioning as a form of community building and/or personal expression. With quotations from ethnographic research over the course of 2 years, including interviews with several groups of gamers and participant observation, I examine the ways that players create and affirm social bonds. I return to Michel De Certeau's idea of textual poaching, as adapted by Henry Jenkins, to contrast with it a new concept of genre farming. As both platform for and object of genre farming, RPGs allow players to display cultural competence, create and reaffirm social ties, and seek entertainment in a collaborative fashion.

Do the coach and athlete have the same "picture" of the situation? Distributed Situation Awareness in an elite sport context.

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Macquet, Anne-Claire; Stanton, Neville A

2014-05-01

Athletes and their coach interpret the training situations differently and this can have important implications for the development of an elite athlete's performance. It is argued that, from a schema-theoretic perspective, the difference in these interpretations needs to be better understood. A post-performance, self-confrontation, interview was conducted with a number of athletes and their coaches. The interviews revealed differences between the athlete and their coach in the information they are aware of. In comparison with athletes, coaches more frequently compared the phenotype with genotype schemata rather than just describing the phenotype schemata. Results suggest SA information elements showed some common ground but also revealed some important differences between the athlete and coach. The awareness was directed externally towards the environment and internally, towards the individual, depending on his/her role. The investigation showed that the schemata used to 'frame' the information elements were different, but compatible, between athlete and coach. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd and The Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved.

Ronald Reagan's Re-formulation of the Rhetoric of War: Analysis of the "Zero Option,""Evil Empire," and "Star Wars" Addresses.

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Goodnight, G. Thomas

1986-01-01

Analyzes speeches in which Reagan challenges the following convention: science will continue to create technologically advanced weapons against which no effective defense will be developed, making deterrence through an assured retaliatory capability the only possible defense. Textual analysis reveals how public discourse can achieve unities of…

Empirically Testing Thematic Analysis (ETTA)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gildberg, Frederik Alkier; Bradley, Stephen K.; Tingleff, Elllen B.

2015-01-01

Text analysis is not a question of a right or wrong way to go about it, but a question of different traditions. These tend to not only give answers to how to conduct an analysis, but also to provide the answer as to why it is conducted in the way that it is. The problem however may be that the li...... for themselves. The advantage of utilizing the presented analytic approach is argued to be the integral empirical testing, which should assure systematic development, interpretation and analysis of the source textual material....... between tradition and tool is unclear. The main objective of this article is therefore to present Empirical Testing Thematic Analysis, a step by step approach to thematic text analysis; discussing strengths and weaknesses, so that others might assess its potential as an approach that they might utilize/develop...

A Study of Ideational Metafunction in Joseph Conrad's "Heart of Darkness": A Critical Discourse Analysis

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Alaei, Mahya; Ahangari, Saeideh

2016-01-01

The linguistic study of literature or critical analysis of literary discourse is no different from any other textual description; it is not a new branch or a new level or a new kind of linguistics but the application of existing theories and methods (Halliday, 2002). This study intends to determine how ideology or opinion is expressed in Joseph…

The Relationship between Paraphrasing and Text Analysis

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María Luisa Cepeda Islas

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Given the importance of paraphrasing in the process of comprehension for college students, this study assessed the level of implementation of text analysis and paraphrases the response of a sample of senior students of the career psychology. We selected a group of freshmen to the Psychology course, which was asked to answer a questionnaire and carry out the summary of an empirical article. The results showed that participants have a low level of text analysis, at the same time had low levels of paraphrasing. It was seen that the predominant textual copy. They envision some possibilities for the structure of a training workshop not only paraphrasing but on the analysis of text.

Textual and language flaws: problems for Spanish doctors in producing abstracts in English

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Lourdes Divasson Cilveti

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Scientific journals are the primary source of information for researchers. The number of articles currently indexed in databases is so large that it has become almost impossible to read every relevant article in a particular field. Thus, research paper abstracts (RPAs have acquired increasing importance. Several studies have shown that they are the skipping point, particularly among non-native English speakers. To our knowledge, little research has been carried out on RPA writing by Spanish doctors. It is thus the objective of this article to analyse the way abstracts are structured and linguistically realized by these professionals. We selected 30 RPAs written in English by Spanish speaking doctors from three leading Spanish journals on internal medicine. We recorded their textual level flaws by measuring the degree of informativeness with regard to three main variables: move patterning, ordering and structuring, and their language use flaws under two broad categories: ortho-typographic and grammatical. Length, use of hedges and keywords were also identified. 86.6% of the abstracts were informative, 13.3% uninformative while none of them could be classified as highly informative. With regard to the authors' use of language, over 70% presented some kind of flaws: 21.55% of these mistakes were ortho-typographic while 78.44% were grammatical. Our results support the need of designing specific units geared on the one hand towards explicit teaching of structured abstracts and on the other, towards the difficulties found by doctors because they lack language competence. They would also benefit from clearer guidelines from journal editors.

[Textual research on Costus root (Aucklandia lappa Decne) in the Sheng nong ben cao jing (Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica)].

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Li, Guangyan; Wang, Dequn; Fang, Shiying; Xu, Maohong

2014-05-01

Aucklandia lappa Decne was first recorded in the Sheng nong ben cao jing (Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica). Through the textual research of herbal literature, it was found that the costus root in the Sheng nong ben cao jing perhaps was not the plant of Aucklandia lappa Decne of Compositae, but the eaglewood or Lignum Aquilasria Resinatum based on the comprehensive judgment of shape, taste, nature, and function etc. In the Sheng nong ben cao jing, it only includes costus root without the title of eaglewood, and Tao Hongjing recorded both herbs together in his Ming yi bie lu (Supplementary Records of Celebrated Physicians), which became a foreshadow of misunderstanding of the later generations. Beginning from the Tang ben cao (Materia Medica of the Tang Dynasty), the costus root was considered as the plant of Auckiandia lappa Decne from the Compostae with its profound influence until now.

Patterns of Enquiry: Textual Analysis of a Classroom Discussion Unit on Bee Feeding Behaviour.

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Binns, Richard W.

This paper constitutes an analysis of "Honey Bee Communication: An Enquiry into Two Concepts of Animal Behavior," a unit of classroom discussion modules developed by the Patterns of Enquiry Project at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education. The conceptual framework of the analysis consists of four major items: (1) descriptive…

Textual Analysis of Populist Discourse in 2014/2015 Presidential Election in Croatia

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Marijana Grbeša

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Populism has been vastly present in Croatian media discourse as a common point of reference but it has been almost completely left out from scientific inquiry. Building on the premise that populism is reflected in communication practices of politicians, parties and movements, this paper uses content analysis to examine interviews of the four presidential candidates during election campaign in Croatia in 2014 (first round and 2015 (second round. We apply a two-level approach to measure populism on two distinct but related levels - as a thin-centered political ideology and as a political communication style. Populism as ideology is examined through the presence of positive references to the people, relationship to political elites and references to ‘dangerous others’. The analysis of populism as political communication style is primarily set to determine efforts of the candidates to use populist cues to resonate with the voters. The presence of populist style is here examined through three categories: politicians’ explicit referencing to the people, their attempts of displaying proximity to the people by using language that typically belongs to the private sphere and their use of ‘empty signifiers’. The results of this study indicate that populism was present in 2014/2015 Croatian presidential election on both examined levels - as an ideology and as a communication style.

POLITICAL DISCOURSE – A SYNTACTIC AND SEMANTIC ANALYSIS

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Miodarka Tepavcevic

2014-11-01

Full Text Available The language of politics is commonly studied within discourse analysis, whereby its linguistic features relating to vocabulary, grammar structures, textual and intertextual aspects are investigated using various methodologies. This paper presents an analysis of political discourse from a syntactic-semantic point of view. The corpus studied has been extracted from five. Montenegrin dailies and the analysis attempts to describe the genre as effectuated in the Montenegrin political discourse. As a result, the functions of political language are extrapolated and illustrated and its style is described in terms of intertextuality and other linguistic strategies commonly employed in political discourse. The paper aims to give a contribution to the understanding and linguistic profiling of political language.

Reading the World's Classics Critically: A Keyword-Based Approach to Literary Analysis in Foreign Language Studies

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García, Nuria Alonso; Caplan, Alison

2014-01-01

While there are a number of important critical pedagogies being proposed in the field of foreign language study, more attention should be given to providing concrete examples of how to apply these ideas in the classroom. This article offers a new approach to the textual analysis of literary classics through the keyword-based methodology originally…

Schemata as a Reading Strategy.

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Mustapha, Zaliha

Reading is a multileveled, interactive, and hypothesis-generating process in which readers construct a meaningful representation of text by using their knowledge of the world and of language. If reading involves grasping the significance of an input depending on the reader's mental cognitive-perceptual situation, then there is a form of background…

A tradução comentada em contexto acadêmico: refl exões iniciais e exemplos de um gênero textual em construção

OpenAIRE

Adriana Zavaglia; Carla M. C. Renard; Christine Janczur

2015-01-01

O presente artigo propõe contribuir, numa espécie de hermenêutica da práxis, para um entendimento inicial, nos Estudos da Tradução, do gênero textual tradução comentada – pouco discutido, porém muito frequente – no âmbito acadêmico, mais especifi camente, no contexto de trabalho de conclusão de mestrado. Para tanto, apresentaremos exemplos de duas dissertações, a primeira discutindo uma tradução com notas e a segunda uma tradução com comentários, ambas do francês para o português brasil...

Minería textual

OpenAIRE

Eíto Brun, Ricardo; Senso, José A.

2004-01-01

This article attempts to establish a definition for "text mining" and, at the same time, to identify its relationship with other fields: text retrieval, data mining and computational linguistics. In addition, there is an analysis of the impact of text mining, a reference to existing commercial applications on the market and, lastly, a brief description of the techniques used for developing and implementing text mining systems.

The construction of identities in football: An analysis of a game between Grêmio and Flamengo

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Jorge Francisco Puente Arnao Galarreta

2013-09-01

Full Text Available This work is about the construction of identities in football from the textual analysis of a game between Grêmio x Flamengo, for the Brazilian championship in 2011. It shows how a sporting event, through the television support, can contribute to modify and legitimate structured identities and reflect on the intentions of the issuer to make this happen.

A thematic content analysis of #cheatmeal images on social media: Characterizing an emerging dietary trend.

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Pila, Eva; Mond, Jonathan M; Griffiths, Scott; Mitchison, Deborah; Murray, Stuart B

2017-06-01

Despite the pervasive social endorsement of "cheat meals" within pro-muscularity online communities, there is an absence of empirical work examining this dietary phenomenon. The present study aimed to characterize cheat meals, and explore the meaning ascribed to engagement in this practice. Thematic content analysis was employed to code the photographic and textual elements of a sample (n = 600) that was extracted from over 1.6 million images marked with the #cheatmeal tag on the social networking site, Instagram. Analysis of the volume and type of food revealed the presence of very large quantities (54.5%) of calorie-dense foods (71.3%) that was rated to qualify as an objective binge episode. Photographic content of people commonly portrayed highly-muscular bodies (60.7%) in the act of intentional body exposure (40.0%). Meanwhile, textual content exemplified the idealization of overconsumption, a strict commitment to fitness, and a reward-based framework around diet and fitness. Collectively, these findings position cheat meals as goal-oriented dietary practices in the pursuit of physique-ideals, thus underscoring the potential clinical repercussions of this socially-endorsed dietary phenomenon. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Content-based TV sports video retrieval using multimodal analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Yiqing; Liu, Huayong; Wang, Hongbin; Zhou, Dongru

2003-09-01

In this paper, we propose content-based video retrieval, which is a kind of retrieval by its semantical contents. Because video data is composed of multimodal information streams such as video, auditory and textual streams, we describe a strategy of using multimodal analysis for automatic parsing sports video. The paper first defines the basic structure of sports video database system, and then introduces a new approach that integrates visual stream analysis, speech recognition, speech signal processing and text extraction to realize video retrieval. The experimental results for TV sports video of football games indicate that the multimodal analysis is effective for video retrieval by quickly browsing tree-like video clips or inputting keywords within predefined domain.

Cassius Longinus, fr. 42.75 P.-B. A grammarian called Odysseus or a textual error?: a proposal for correction

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Javier Verdejo Manchado

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The 3th century grammarian Cassius Longinus in his introduction to the commentary to Hephaestion’s On Metre (Ἐγχειρίδιον περὶ μέτρων mentions a writer on meter named Odysseus (Ὀδυσσεὺς ὁ μετρικός, who is not known in any other source. This paper aims to identify this author and give a satisfactory explanation to his mention by Longinus. However, the peculiarity of the name, which is not attested as anthroponym out of the epic genre, and its notice in Longinus, who in his commentary only quotes technical authors used as direct sources, have led us to propose a textual correction, Διονύσιος ὁ μουσικός, which, as I shall try to prove, is paleographically plausible and consistent from the point of view of the identification.

I. Introduction The main objective of this paper is to argue that Augustine's analysis of the concept of memory and self-deception in Confessions, Book X, would greatly benefit from the hierarchical argumentative and explanatory schema he himself employs to discuss the relation between the senses, the inner sense, and reason in perception. First I present a brief overview of Augustine's account of memory in the Confessions. Then I discuss two argumentative and explanatory schemata Augustine often employs in order to explain mental phenomena; the first one has to do with finding analogies between the human mind and the Holy Trinity (for man is supposed to be created as an image of God), and the second one has to do with distinguishing normative levels between mental faculties. I then argue that both of these schemata can be fruitfully applied to the several functions of the mind that can be found in Augustine's account of memory; and while he does apply the first explanatory schema to the concept of memory in a later work (On the Trinity) he does not do the same with the second one. I argue also that Augustine's discussion of self-deception (also found in Confessions X) would benefit too from the distinction between different normative levels within the functions of memory. Finally, I answer two possible objections to the idea of applying the hierarchical normative-explanatory schema to the Augustinian analysis of memory and the ethics of self-deception. II. Augustine's search for God in the memory Augustine's inquiry on memory in Confessions X, is guided by a more fundamental question, one about the nature of the search for God. The question Augustine poses is: "What do I love when I love you [my God]?" (Confessions X.6) This question leads Augustine to think that if he truly loves God, as he believes he does, then he must be able to recognize within himself a true image of God. Augustine describes the progress of his search for God. He writes he has searched for

OpenAIRE

Roberto Parra Dorantes

2017-01-01

The main objective of this paper is to argue that Augustine’s analysis of the concept of memory in Confessions, Book X, would greatly benefit from the hierarchical argumentative and explanatory schema he himself employs in other works to discuss the relation between the senses, the inner sense, and reason in perception. A brief overview of Augustine’s account of memory in the Confessions is presented, followed by a discussion of two argumentative and explanatory schemata Augustine often emplo...

Relational databases

CERN Document Server

Bell, D A

1986-01-01

Relational Databases explores the major advances in relational databases and provides a balanced analysis of the state of the art in relational databases. Topics covered include capture and analysis of data placement requirements; distributed relational database systems; data dependency manipulation in database schemata; and relational database support for computer graphics and computer aided design. This book is divided into three sections and begins with an overview of the theory and practice of distributed systems, using the example of INGRES from Relational Technology as illustration. The

IDEOLOGY REPRESENTATION ON MEDIA: A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS IN CCU CLASS

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Indrawati Indrawati

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Cross Culture Understanding (CCU course is described as the process by which students acquire knowledge and skills of aspects of culture of subjective nature such as norms, values and perceptions; of objective nature such as cultural artifacts and ways of life of people of certain cultural backgrounds. This is revealed through analyzing various discourses of oral, written, visual and other media. Learners of this course are exposed to activities of conceptualizing ideas, discussing forms of social phenomena realization and building cultural relativity through which learners grow attitude of appreciation and toleration and eventually build cross cultural communication with people of different backgrounds. A film perpetuating ideology of certain social class in America is discussed by learners in class to reveal prevailing value of being white Anglo-Saxon protestant. Then this is examined in relation to the existing American Dream as people‘s philosophy. The class reports the findings after studying their own national ideology and makes comparison and contradiction between the two ideologies. Learners report the findings in their weekly log book to document the data for further use and to be uploaded in an on-line academic-scientific journal. A qualitative textual analysis method is done to formulate a meaning interpretively. Textual analysis is an appropriate method for analyzing film as it emphasizes on genre of organizational style.

Automating generation of textual class definitions from OWL to English.

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Stevens, Robert; Malone, James; Williams, Sandra; Power, Richard; Third, Allan

2011-05-17

developers of EFO are sufficiently satisfied with the output that the generated definitions have been incorporated into EFO. Whilst not a substitute for hand-written textual definitions, our generated definitions are a useful starting point. An on-line version of the NLG text definition tool can be found at http://swat.open.ac.uk/tools/. The questionaire and sample generated text definitions may be found at http://mcs.open.ac.uk/nlg/SWAT/bio-ontologies.html.

Comentários críticos das referências textuais de Freud a Kant Critical comments on Freud’s textual references to Kant

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Leopoldo Fulgencio

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Propõe-se aqui sublinhar, criticamente, os principais momentos da obra de Freud onde temos referências textuais a Kant, tanto para dar início a um trabalho de análise comparativa entre conceitos de uma e outra disciplina, quanto para indicar que há uma relação estrutural entre as posições filosóficas de Kant e o pensamento epistemológico de Freud aplicado à psicanálise, enquanto prática própria às ciências da natureza. Neste sentido, defende-se que a crítica de certos conceitos fundamentais da psicanálise freudiana, enquanto pertencente ao quadro da filosofia kantiana, seria uma atitude necessária ao desenvolvimento da psicologia psicanalítica.This paper pretends to to critically analyze the main moments of Freud’s work when there are textual references to Kant, in order to begin a comparative analysis between the concepts of both disciplines, as well as to indicate that there is a structural relation between Kant‘s philosophical positions and Freud’s epistemological thought applied to psychoanalysis as a practice related to the sciences of nature. With this in mind, it is argued that the criticism toward certain fundamental concepts of the Freudian psychoanalysis, while belonging to the framework of the Kantian philosophy, would be a necessary attitude for the development of the psychoanalytic psychology.

Analysis of Macro-Structure of Why Historians DisagreeLesson 3 of Contemporary College English Book4

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Wang Li

2009-01-01

With the development of the study of text analysis and ihnctional grammar,text teaching has gradually become an important method in foreign language teaching.In the field of text analysis,textual structure has always been linguists' focus.After introducing researches on macro-structure of text,this paper gives a brief introduction to the text Why Historians Disagree,and then discusses how different macro-structure patterns are adopted in the text,at last draws implications for the teaching of intensive reading course.

Metadata to Support Data Warehouse Evolution

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Solodovnikova, Darja

The focus of this chapter is metadata necessary to support data warehouse evolution. We present the data warehouse framework that is able to track evolution process and adapt data warehouse schemata and data extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL) processes. We discuss the significant part of the framework, the metadata repository that stores information about the data warehouse, logical and physical schemata and their versions. We propose the physical implementation of multiversion data warehouse in a relational DBMS. For each modification of a data warehouse schema, we outline the changes that need to be made to the repository metadata and in the database.

A Content Analysis of Instructional Design and Web Design Books: Implications for Inclusion of Web Design in Instructional Design Textbooks

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Obilade, Titilola T.; Burton, John K.

2015-01-01

This textual content analysis set out to determine the extent to which the theories, principles, and guidelines in 4 standard books of instructional design and technology were also addressed in 4 popular books on web design. The standard books on instructional design and the popular books on web design were chosen by experts in the fields. The…

O cinema na disciplina leitura e produção textual: a motivação do audiovisual na construção do texto no curso de Direito

OpenAIRE

Collaço, Gabriel Henrique

2010-01-01

O presente artigo apresenta o relato da experiência do uso do cinema em sala de aula presencial como recurso didático. A estratégia integra o plano de técnicas criativas da disciplina Leitura e Produção Textual para a construção do texto no curso de Direito. O objetivo é mostrar como acontece o trabalho com o uso do cinema para o aprimoramento dos mecanismos sensoriais nos acadêmicos participantes e mudanças na redação de textos jurídicos e, ainda, apresentar estratégias aos professores que d...

Aproximación cultural y textual a los informes médico forenses en la traducción especializada francés/español

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Françoise Olmo Cazevieille

2015-12-01

Full Text Available En el ámbito de la traducción judicial francés-español, los informes forenses se han estudiado muy poco por ser documentos confidenciales de acceso limitado. No obstante, su estudio resulta de gran interés para los profesionales de la traducción especializada pues están relacionados con varias disciplinas, entre otras, el derecho y la medicina. Para caracterizarlos mejor, estudiaremos el contexto cultural de estos documentos, comprobaremos las variaciones en cuanto a su denominación en las dos lenguas y analizaremos su macroestructura mediante un estudio contrastivo de documentos originales para aportar datos que caractericen este género textual y su tipología en Francia y en España.

The Visuality, Embodiment and Gender Performance of Korean Pop: A Study on the Production, Consumption and Appropriation of the MVs of “Girls’ Generation”

OpenAIRE

Ming-Tsung Lee

2015-01-01

This paper tries to resolve the puzzle firstly: how can Korean pop (K-Pop) become transbordering since Korean is not the main language in the world? It can be attributed to the policy input and capital integration, the textual circulation through emerging audio-video platform on-line, as well as the specific textual form with intensive visuality and embodiment. This paper applies not only traditionally visual-textual analysis but also the new methodology called “following the object” by the B...

Sharing feelings online: Studying emotional well-being via automated text analysis of Facebook posts

OpenAIRE

Settanni, Michele; Marengo, Davide

2015-01-01

Digital traces of activity on social network sites represent a vast source of ecological data with potential connections with individual behavioral and psychological characteristics. The present study investigates the relationship between user-generated textual content shared on Facebook and emotional well-being. Self-report measures of depression, anxiety, and stress were collected from 201 adult Facebook users from North Italy. Emotion-related textual indicators, including emoticon use, wer...

Self-Schemata for Movement Activities: The Influence of Race and Gender.

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Harrison, Louis, Jr.; And Others

This study investigated the influence of race and gender on students' self-schema for movement activities. Study participants were 168 male and female seventh- and eighth-grade students, both African American and Euro American, from a semi-rural school in a Southeastern state. The Physical Activity Schema Analysis (PASA) was administered to…

De ongetemde tong : Opvattingen over zondige, onvertogen en misdadige woorden in het Middelnederlands (1300-1550)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Veldhuizen, M.D.

2013-01-01

This book examines medieval notions of harmful speech conduct (1300-1550) in Western Europe as reflected in Middle Dutch textual sources. Insights are drawn from an in-depth analysis of Middle Dutch ecclesiastical, secular-ethical, and legal textual sources of harmful speech. I aim to make a

Sharing Feelings Online: Studying Emotional Well-Being via Automated Text Analysis of Facebook Posts

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Michele eSettanni

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Digital traces of activity on social network sites represent a vast source of ecological data with potential connections with individual behavioral and psychological characteristics. The present study investigates the relationship between user-generated textual content shared on Facebook and emotional well-being. Self-report measures of depression, anxiety and stress were collected from 201 adult Facebook users from North Italy. Emotion-related textual indicators, including emoticon use, were extracted form users’ Facebook posts via automated text analysis. Correlation analyses revealed that individuals with higher levels of depression, anxiety expressed negative emotions on Facebook more frequently. In addition, use of emoticons expressing positive emotions correlated negatively with stress level. When comparing age groups, younger users reported higher frequency of both emotion-related words and emoticon use in their posts. Also, the relationship between online emotional expression and self-report emotional well-being was generally stronger in the younger group. Overall, findings support the feasibility and validity of studying individual emotional well-being by means of examination of Facebook profiles. Implications for online screening purposes and future research directions are discussed.

Sharing feelings online: studying emotional well-being via automated text analysis of Facebook posts.

Science.gov (United States)

Settanni, Michele; Marengo, Davide

2015-01-01

Digital traces of activity on social network sites represent a vast source of ecological data with potential connections with individual behavioral and psychological characteristics. The present study investigates the relationship between user-generated textual content shared on Facebook and emotional well-being. Self-report measures of depression, anxiety, and stress were collected from 201 adult Facebook users from North Italy. Emotion-related textual indicators, including emoticon use, were extracted form users' Facebook posts via automated text analysis. Correlation analyses revealed that individuals with higher levels of depression, anxiety expressed negative emotions on Facebook more frequently. In addition, use of emoticons expressing positive emotions correlated negatively with stress level. When comparing age groups, younger users reported higher frequency of both emotion-related words and emoticon use in their posts. Also, the relationship between online emotional expression and self-report emotional well-being was generally stronger in the younger group. Overall, findings support the feasibility and validity of studying individual emotional well-being by means of examination of Facebook profiles. Implications for online screening purposes and future research directions are discussed.

Who is populist in Central and Eastern Europe? A comparative analysis of prime ministers' populist discourse

OpenAIRE

Kocijan, Bojana

2015-01-01

This article measures populist discourse among prime ministers in new Central and Eastern European democracies using holistic grading as a specific type of textual analysis. The article first offers a definition of populism and then measures political discourse by grading political speeches of contemporary prime ministers in Central and Eastern Europe. Next, it presents descriptive data about prime ministers’ political discourse and discusses positive cases of populism in re...

Recurrent-neural-network-based Boolean factor analysis and its application to word clustering.

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Frolov, Alexander A; Husek, Dusan; Polyakov, Pavel Yu

2009-07-01

The objective of this paper is to introduce a neural-network-based algorithm for word clustering as an extension of the neural-network-based Boolean factor analysis algorithm (Frolov , 2007). It is shown that this extended algorithm supports even the more complex model of signals that are supposed to be related to textual documents. It is hypothesized that every topic in textual data is characterized by a set of words which coherently appear in documents dedicated to a given topic. The appearance of each word in a document is coded by the activity of a particular neuron. In accordance with the Hebbian learning rule implemented in the network, sets of coherently appearing words (treated as factors) create tightly connected groups of neurons, hence, revealing them as attractors of the network dynamics. The found factors are eliminated from the network memory by the Hebbian unlearning rule facilitating the search of other factors. Topics related to the found sets of words can be identified based on the words' semantics. To make the method complete, a special technique based on a Bayesian procedure has been developed for the following purposes: first, to provide a complete description of factors in terms of component probability, and second, to enhance the accuracy of classification of signals to determine whether it contains the factor. Since it is assumed that every word may possibly contribute to several topics, the proposed method might be related to the method of fuzzy clustering. In this paper, we show that the results of Boolean factor analysis and fuzzy clustering are not contradictory, but complementary. To demonstrate the capabilities of this attempt, the method is applied to two types of textual data on neural networks in two different languages. The obtained topics and corresponding words are at a good level of agreement despite the fact that identical topics in Russian and English conferences contain different sets of keywords.

Schema reliance for developmental goals increases from early to late adulthood: improvement for the young, loss prevention for the old.

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Ebner, Natalie C; Riediger, Michaela; Lindenberger, Ulman

2009-06-01

People tend to encode and retrieve information in terms of schemata, especially when processing resources are low. This study argues that the life-span schema about developmental goals constitutes a generalized expectation about the life course that associates young adults with growth and older adults with loss prevention. Predictions were that young and older adults possess this schema; that both age groups rely on it when remembering age-associated information about goals; and that this schema reliance is particularly pronounced among older adults, due to age-related difficulties in overcoming schemata. In Experiment 1, participants assigned growth or loss-prevention orientations to young and older faces and adhered to the life-span schema. In Experiment 2, participants were presented young and older faces paired with growth or loss prevention. When later asked to recognize faces and remember goal orientations, participants were more likely to remember young faces with growth and older faces with loss prevention than vice versa. This effect was more pronounced among older adults. Conclusions are that reliance on life-span schemata when remembering developmentally relevant information increases with age. (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved.

Diferencias en la estructura textual del japonés y el español: su influencia en la traducción (Differences on Japanese and Spanish text structure: Its influence on translation)

OpenAIRE

Juan Luis Perelló Enrich

2010-01-01

En el siguiente artículo se intenta explicar la influencia en el proceso de traducción que ejercen las diferentes estructuras textuales del japonés y el español, mediante la comparación y análisis de textos en términos de coherencia, cohesión y estructura temática. Dicho ejercicio servirá para identificar y ejemplificar distintas tendencias entre ambas lenguas, lo que esperamos contribuirá a mejorar la calidad de las traducciones. (The following article deals with the differences between Japa...

Biblical Metaschematism as a Device for Religious Transfer - Paul’s Communicative Strategy in a Situation of Religious Contact

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Knut Martin Stünkel

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Paul’s use of the concept of metaschematism in the First and Second Letter to the Corinthians, and in the Letter to the Philippians can be examined as a significant example of religious transfer in the form of negotiation of schemata on the level of object language that tries to establish a meta-language through negotiation of schemata. By metaschematizing, mental and behavioral dispositions become interfaces linking different systems together, though in an asymmetrical manner. By taking into account the role of metaschematic processes in medicinal and philosophical contexts, the article intends to scrutinize the role of metaschematism in schematic interaction.

Linked data querying through FCA-based schema indexing

OpenAIRE

Brosius, Dominik; Staab, Steffen

2016-01-01

The effciency of SPARQL query evaluation against Linked Open Data may benefit from schema-based indexing. However, many data items come with incomplete schema information or lack schema descriptions entirely. In this position paper, we outline an approach to an indexing of linked data graphs based on schemata induced through Formal Concept Analysis. We show how to map queries onto RDF graphs based on such derived schema information. We sketch next steps for realizing and optimizing the sugges...

Technical document characterization by data analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mauget, A.

1993-05-01

Nuclear power plants possess documents analyzing all the plant systems, which represents a vast quantity of paper. Analysis of textual data can enable a document to be classified by grouping the texts containing the same words. These methods are used on system manuals for feasibility studies. The system manual is then analyzed by LEXTER and the terms it has selected are examined. We first classify according to style (sentences containing general words, technical sentences, etc.), and then according to terms. However, it will not be possible to continue in this fashion for the 100 system manuals existing, because of lack of sufficient storage capacity. Another solution is being developed. (author)

HALLOWEEN, HISTÓRIAS DE BRUXAS E LENDAS BRASILEIRAS: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE LEITURA, PRODUÇÃO TEXTUAL E BRINCADEIRAS NA ESCOLA

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Anilse Maria Picollo Borttolin

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho pretende expor uma significativa prática de ensino realizada com os estudantes do ensino fundamental II, a partir de leitura de histórias sobre bruxas e lendas brasileiras; produção textual e brincadeiras; prática esta capaz de contribuir para disseminar uma cultura de cooperação entre eles e torná-los sujeitos participativos e capazes de reconhecer a sua importância na sociedade. Durante o percurso, observou-se que os estudantes conseguiram relacionar as histórias lidas, manifestando sentimentos, experiências, opiniões, definindo preferência e construindo critérios próprios para selecionar o que querem ler e, inclusive, produzindo os próprios textos e encaminhando-os aos colegas de outras séries na escola. A abordagem teórica vincula-se às reflexões de Bakhtin (2002 e (2003, Soares (2004, Pacheco (2004 e Perrone-Moisés (2003 e, levando em consideração, também, documentos educacionais, a exemplo dos PCNs (1997 e (1998.

Prediction of advertisement preference by fusing EEG response and sentiment analysis.

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Gauba, Himaanshu; Kumar, Pradeep; Roy, Partha Pratim; Singh, Priyanka; Dogra, Debi Prosad; Raman, Balasubramanian

2017-08-01

This paper presents a novel approach to predict rating of video-advertisements based on a multimodal framework combining physiological analysis of the user and global sentiment-rating available on the internet. We have fused Electroencephalogram (EEG) waves of user and corresponding global textual comments of the video to understand the user's preference more precisely. In our framework, the users were asked to watch the video-advertisement and simultaneously EEG signals were recorded. Valence scores were obtained using self-report for each video. A higher valence corresponds to intrinsic attractiveness of the user. Furthermore, the multimedia data that comprised of the comments posted by global viewers, were retrieved and processed using Natural Language Processing (NLP) technique for sentiment analysis. Textual contents from review comments were analyzed to obtain a score to understand sentiment nature of the video. A regression technique based on Random forest was used to predict the rating of an advertisement using EEG data. Finally, EEG based rating is combined with NLP-based sentiment score to improve the overall prediction. The study was carried out using 15 video clips of advertisements available online. Twenty five participants were involved in our study to analyze our proposed system. The results are encouraging and these suggest that the proposed multimodal approach can achieve lower RMSE in rating prediction as compared to the prediction using only EEG data. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Structure and dynamics of European sports science textual contents: Analysis of ECSS abstracts (1996-2014).

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Hristovski, Robert; Aceski, Aleksandar; Balague, Natalia; Seifert, Ludovic; Tufekcievski, Aleksandar; Cecilia, Aguirre

2017-02-01

The article discusses general structure and dynamics of the sports science research content as obtained from the analysis of 21998 European College of Sport Science abstracts belonging to 12 science topics. The structural analysis showed intertwined multidisciplinary and unifying tendencies structured along horizontal (scope) and vertical (level) axes. Methodological (instrumental and mode of inquiry) integrative tendencies are dominant. Theoretical integrative tendencies are much less detectable along both horizontal and vertical axes. The dynamic analysis of written abstracts text content over the 19 years reveals the contextualizing and guiding role of thematic skeletons of each sports science topic in forming more detailed contingent research ideas and the role of the latter in stabilizing and procreating the former. This circular causality between both hierarchical levels and functioning on separate characteristic time scales is crucial for understanding how stable research traditions self-maintain and self-procreate through innovative contingencies. The structure of sports science continuously rebuilds itself through use and re-use of contingent research ideas. The thematic skeleton ensures its identity and the contingent conceptual sets its flexibility and adaptability to different research or applicative problems.

The Use of Organizational Strategies to Improve Memory for Prose Passages.

Science.gov (United States)

Byrd, Mark

1986-01-01

Examined effects of enforced organizational strategies on the memory of older adults for textual material. Young and old adults sorted scrambled sentences of a prose passage into the correct order. When older adults were required to make an in-depth analysis to sort material, their incidental memory for textual information was approximately equal…

Análise crítica do discurso e teorias culturais: hibridismo necessário Critical discourse analysis and cultural theory: towards a much needed hybridity

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Adriana Pagano

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão teórica sobre a análise de discurso crítica (Chouliaraki e Fairclough, 1999 e os estudos culturais e pós-coloniais, como espaços híbridos de saberes complementares que informam os estudos do papel da linguagem nas representações de identidades culturais híbridas. Propõe-se uma articulação do conceito bakhtiniano de hibridização textual - adotado na análise crítica do discurso como peça fundamental da prática de interpretação textual e expandido para dar conta de gêneros de discursos emergentes -, com o conceito de hibridismo cultural de Homi Bhabha (1998, uma reelaboração também do conceito de Bakhtin que visa dar conta do espaço pós-colonial ambivalente das culturas. Uma análise do poema "Para ouvir e entender 'Estrela' ", do escritor brasileiro negro Cuti, é apresentada para ilustrar o potencial dessa articulação teórica para investigar manifestações culturais que buscam interrogar um sistema de valores e conceitos em torno da obliteração das diferenças raciais e sua inserção no espaço político e cultural da nação.This paper invites theoretical reflection on critical discourse analysis (Chouliaraki e Fairclough, 1999, cultural studies and postcolonial studies as sites of hybridity of complementary knowledges which inform studies of the role of language in the representations of hybrid cultural identities. A theoretical dialogue is proposed between Bakhtin's concept of textual hybridization - borrowed by critical discourse analysis as a fundamental notion in textual interpretation and expanded so as to account for genres pertaining to emerging discourses -, and Homi Bhabha's concept of cultural hybridity, also drawing on Bakhtin in order to explain ambivalence in postcolonial cultures. An analysis of the poem "Para ouvir e entender 'Estrela' ", by black Brazilian writer Cuti, is carried out in order to illustrate the potentiality of this theoretical dialogue for

Celebrity is what Celebrity does. A Critical Discourse Analysis of Microcelebrity in Commercial, Norwegian Blogs.

OpenAIRE

Bakke, Mathilde Aarvold

2017-01-01

In this thesis I explore how 11 commercial, Norwegian bloggers construct themselves as microcelebrities on their blogs, how the relationship between the bloggers and the readers is discursively constructed and maintained and what characterizes the commercial blog as a genre. The bloggers are women, between 18 and 35 years old, personal and commercial lifestyle bloggers. I have done a critical discourse analysis of the textual content of blog posts written by these bloggers in September 2016. ...

Text and ideology: text-oriented discourse analysis

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Maria Eduarda Gonçalves Peixoto

2018-04-01

Full Text Available The article aims to contribute to the understanding of the connection between text and ideology articulated by the text-oriented analysis of discourse (ADTO. Based on the reflections of Fairclough (1989, 2001, 2003 and Fairclough and Chouliaraki (1999, the debate presents the social ontology that ADTO uses to base its conception of social life as an open system and textually mediated; the article then explains the chronological-narrative development of the main critical theories of ideology, by virtue of which ADTO organizes the assumptions that underpin the particular use it makes of the term. Finally, the discussion presents the main aspects of the connection between text and ideology, offering a conceptual framework that can contribute to the domain of the theme according to a critical discourse analysis approach.

Inventory Optimization through Safety Stock Schemata

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Abdul Aleem

2013-04-01

Full Text Available In the complex business environment and stiff competition, inventory optimization in an industry's supply chain has gained tremendous significance. It has become business imperative to optimally tune the supply chain and save lot of working capital by reducing inventory levels; this can surely be done while increasing the customer service level and utilizing the internal capacities optimally. Stock out costs and stock surplus costs both impact businesses badly, the former in the form of opportunity loss and resultantly causing customer annoyance and later in high financial markups and increasing cost and reducing margins accordingly. So inventory optimization can essentially help to reduce costs, which results in a considerable improvement of the company performance indicators. Traditional IMS (Inventory Management System followed in a selected manufacturing industry has been examined for all types of inventories, i.e. raw materials; WIP (Work In Process, and finished goods as a case study. The paper suggests an optimized inventory model for an organization to provide the best possible customer service within the restraint of the lowest practical inventory costs. The safety stock optimization was implemented in a complex business environment and considerable savings were realized thereof

Descriptive analysis and comparison of strategic incremental rehearsal to "Business as Usual" sight-word instruction for an adult nonreader with intellectual disability.

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Richman, David M; Grubb, Laura; Thompson, Samuel

2018-01-01

Strategic Incremental Rehearsal (SIR) is an effective method for teaching sight-word acquisition, but has neither been evaluated for use in adults with an intellectual disability, nor directly compared to the ongoing instruction in the natural environment. Experimental analysis of sight word acquisition via an alternating treatment design was conducted with a 23-year-old woman with Down syndrome. SIR was compared to the current reading instruction (CRI) in a classroom for young adults with intellectual disabilities. CRI procedures included non-contingent praise, receptive touch prompts ("touch the word bat"), echoic prompts ("say bat"), textual prompts ("read the word"), and pre-determined introduction of new words. SIR procedures included textual prompts on flash cards, contingent praise, corrective feedback, and mastery-based introduction of new words. The results indicated that SIR was associated with more rapid acquisition of sight words than CRI. Directions for future research could include systematic comparisons to other procedures, and evaluations of procedural permutations of SIR.

Social science and linguistic text analysis of nurses’ records

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Buus, N.; Hamilton, B. E.

2016-01-01

that included analyses of the social and linguistic features of records and recording. Two reviewers extracted data using established criteria for the evaluation of qualitative research papers. A common characteristic of nursing records was the economical use of language with local meanings that conveyed little......' disturbing behaviour. The text analysis methods were rarely transparent in the articles, which could suggest research quality problems. For most articles, the significance of the findings was substantiated more by theoretical readings of the institutional settings than by the analysis of textual data. More...... probing empirical research of nurses' records and a wider range of theoretical perspectives has the potential to expose the situated meanings of nursing work in healthcare organisations. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd....

The Tale Of Gandhi Through The Lens: An Inter-Textual Analytical Study Of Three Major Films- Gandhi, The Making Of The Mahatma, And Gandhi, My Father

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C.S.H.N. Murthy

2013-06-01

Full Text Available For over half a century Gandhi has been one of the favored characters of a number of films – Nine hours to Rama (1963 to Gandhi, My Father (2007. Gandhian ethos, life and teachings are frequently represented in varied ways in different films. The portrayal of Gandhi in different films can be grouped into two broad categories: i. revolving around his life, percept and practice as one category and ii. involving his ideas, ideals and views either explicitly or implicitly. The first category of the films include three broad films—Gandhi (1982, The Making of the Mahatma (1996 and Gandhi My Father (2007 and the other category of the films include Nine Hours to Rama (1963- English, Jinnah (1998- English, Sardar (1993, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar (2000, Hey Ram (2000, Lage Raho Munnabhai, (2006 etc.  Grounded in the theory of inter-textuality through moving image method, the present study is a comparative analysis of examining the portrayal of Gandhi among the first category of three films ---Gandhi (1982- English by Richard Attenborough, The Making of the Mahatma (1996 by Shyam Benegal and Gandhi, My Father (2007 by Feroz Abbas Khan with crisscross critiquing of the portrayal of Gandhi in the second category of films. Using Bingham’s (2010 discursive analysis on biopic films, the study seeks to show how Gandhi is perceived and depicted through the lenses of these three eminent directors vis-à-vis others from the point of intertextuality both ideologically and politically. Further the study would elaborate how different personal and social events in Gandhi’s life are weaved together by these directors to bring out the character of Bapu or Mahatma from Gandhi. For all the above critique, Gandhi’s autobiography-The Story of My Experiments with Truth-has been taken as a base referent

Aspects of Piaget's cognitive developmental psychology and neurobiology of psychotic disorders - an integrative model.

Science.gov (United States)

Gebhardt, Stefan; Grant, Phillip; von Georgi, Richard; Huber, Martin T

2008-09-01

Psychological, neurobiological and neurodevelopmental approaches have frequently been used to provide pathogenic concepts on psychotic disorders. However, aspects of cognitive developmental psychology have hardly been considered in current models. Using a hypothesis-generating approach an integration of these concepts was conducted. According to Piaget (1896-1980), assimilation and accommodation as forms of maintenance and modification of cognitive schemata represent fundamental processes of the brain. In general, based on the perceived input stimuli, cognitive schemata are developed resulting in a conception of the world, the realistic validity and the actuality of which is still being controlled and modified by cognitive adjustment processes. In psychotic disorders, however, a disproportion of environmental demands and the ability to activate required neuronal adaptation processes occurs. We therefore hypothesize a failure of the adjustment of real and requested output patterns. As a consequence autonomous cognitive schemata are generated, which fail to adjust with reality resulting in psychotic symptomatology. Neurobiological, especially neuromodulatory and neuroplastic processes play a central role in these perceptive and cognitive processes. In conclusion, integration of cognitive developmental psychology into the existing pathogenic concepts of psychotic disorders leads to interesting insights into basic disease mechanisms and also guides future research in the cognitive neuroscience of such disorders.

Business Process Modelling is an Essential Part of a Requirements Analysis. Contribution of EFMI Primary Care Working Group.

Science.gov (United States)

de Lusignan, S; Krause, P; Michalakidis, G; Vicente, M Tristan; Thompson, S; McGilchrist, M; Sullivan, F; van Royen, P; Agreus, L; Desombre, T; Taweel, A; Delaney, B

2012-01-01

To perform a requirements analysis of the barriers to conducting research linking of primary care, genetic and cancer data. We extended our initial data-centric approach to include socio-cultural and business requirements. We created reference models of core data requirements common to most studies using unified modelling language (UML), dataflow diagrams (DFD) and business process modelling notation (BPMN). We conducted a stakeholder analysis and constructed DFD and UML diagrams for use cases based on simulated research studies. We used research output as a sensitivity analysis. Differences between the reference model and use cases identified study specific data requirements. The stakeholder analysis identified: tensions, changes in specification, some indifference from data providers and enthusiastic informaticians urging inclusion of socio-cultural context. We identified requirements to collect information at three levels: micro- data items, which need to be semantically interoperable, meso- the medical record and data extraction, and macro- the health system and socio-cultural issues. BPMN clarified complex business requirements among data providers and vendors; and additional geographical requirements for patients to be represented in both linked datasets. High quality research output was the norm for most repositories. Reference models provide high-level schemata of the core data requirements. However, business requirements' modelling identifies stakeholder issues and identifies what needs to be addressed to enable participation.

For They Need to Believe Themselves White: An intertextual analysis of Orson Welles's ‘Othello’

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Nike Jung

2017-04-01

Full Text Available This article proposes to reassess Orson Welles's Othello (1951 in light of his earliest and little examines short, The Hearts of Age (1934. Refining textual analysis with the tools of whiteness studies and a focus on how American media history is reflected in the film, the article demonstrates that Welles's Othello makes a strong (and often misunderstood or ignored critical intervention of progressive racial politics, a politics which is, moreover, already located in Shakespeare's original source text.

Nástin mediálního diskursu o Janově: Kriticko-diskursivní přístup

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Petr Vašát

2010-04-01

Full Text Available This paper focus on a media presentation of events related to the situation that is generally called as social tension in Janov. The tool of this aim is a specific qualitative research method - critical discourse analysis. The method allows combine classical textual and intertextual analysis. There are identified two ideological practices in the Janov media discourse: (1 construction of Gypsy ethnic category, (2 construction of socially excluded locality. These ideological practices are supported by specific textual features and their concrete discursive expressions, both outlined in the analysis.

Metodología para el análisis textual en la traducción de los resúmenes de artículos científicos publicados en la Revista Ciencias Técnicas Agropecuarias

OpenAIRE

Leydi Laura Fleites Rodríguez

2011-01-01

El presente trabajo propone una metodología para el análisis textual en la traducción de los resúmenes de artículos científicos publicados en la Revista Ciencias Técnicas Agropecuarias. Para esto se analizaron las dificultades más frecuentes en la redacción y la traducción de los resúmenes en los trabajos científicos publicados en dicha revista. Se identificaron además las necesidades lingüísticas y comunicativas de los profesionales e investigadores en el campo de la Ingeniería Agrícola. Los...

O Processo de Recategorização Metafórica na Construção do Gênero Meme

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Alceane Bezerra Feitosa

2018-02-01

Full Text Available The study of recategorisation in its first vision, according Apothéloz and Reichler-Béguelin (1995, can be understood as a designation of strategy by which the referents introduced in the text / speech may be transformed during the textual construction process according to the communicative purposes its interlocutors. In this context, this study intends to examine how the metaphoric recategorisation process without mention of referring expression contributes to the meaning building process of the multimodal textual genre named meme. For this analysis, we selected three memes thematizing the impeachment process suffered by President Dilma Rousseff, published in several websites. Within our analysis, it was made an interface between the Textual Linguistics and the Cognitive Linguistics, because it is necessary we actuate elements rooted in textual surface, as well as its sociocognitive environment. It was explored the theoretical subsidy of authors as Mondada and Dubois (1995; Reichler and Apothéloz-Béguelin (1995; Lima (2003, 2009, 2011; Lakoff and Johnson (1987; Lakoff (1980, which give us support in our discussions. After the analysis, it was realized that the metaphoric recategorisation without mention of referring expression was of great relevance for understanding, as well as to construct meaning of texts chosen for the study.

Towards Concept Understanding relying on Conceptualisation in Constructivist Learning

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Badie, Farshad

2017-01-01

and understandings over their mental structures in the framework of constructivism, and I will clarify my logical [and semantic] conceptions of humans’ concept understandings. This research focuses on philosophy of education and on logics of human learning. It connects with the topics ‘Cognition in Education......, through this constructivism to a pedagogical theory of learning. I will mainly focus on conceptual and epistemological analysis of humans’ conceptualisations based on their own mental objects (schemata). Subsequently, I will propose an analytical specification of humans’ conceptualisations...

The Role of Social Media in Creating Intercultural Dialogue and Overcoming Prejudice – a Comparative Analysis of Pilot Survey Results

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Grażyna Piechota

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Multiculturalism, as a political and social phenomenon, is more and more often perceived as a challenge in the realm of studying communication processes. New media make it possible to communicate and build relations in the global dimension with a simultaneous impact on the development of horizontal communication, creating groups and communities and active support for different forms of social participation. In this context a pilot study concerning the role of new media in overcoming schemata and prejudice of students in two different cities with different levels of multiculturalism in the local community was carried out.

Latent semantic analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Evangelopoulos, Nicholas E

2013-11-01

This article reviews latent semantic analysis (LSA), a theory of meaning as well as a method for extracting that meaning from passages of text, based on statistical computations over a collection of documents. LSA as a theory of meaning defines a latent semantic space where documents and individual words are represented as vectors. LSA as a computational technique uses linear algebra to extract dimensions that represent that space. This representation enables the computation of similarity among terms and documents, categorization of terms and documents, and summarization of large collections of documents using automated procedures that mimic the way humans perform similar cognitive tasks. We present some technical details, various illustrative examples, and discuss a number of applications from linguistics, psychology, cognitive science, education, information science, and analysis of textual data in general. WIREs Cogn Sci 2013, 4:683-692. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1254 CONFLICT OF INTEREST: The author has declared no conflicts of interest for this article. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

On textual and contextual position of the ophthalmological treatise of bodhisattva nāgārjuna.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Seongsu; Kang, Sungyong

2013-04-01

regard. Thereafter, Tài píng shèng huì fāng (Holy Prescriptions for Universal Relief) compiled by a national agency at the beginning of the Song Dynasty period introduced Lóng shù pú sà yăn lùn without clear indication of the reference. Contemporary with this book, many ophthalmological books such as Mì chuán yăn kē lóng mù lùn(Longmu's Ophthalmology Secretly Handed Down) were published. As Chinese culture was spreading out into surrounding countries, medical knowledge was also introduced to Korean peninsula and Japan. The ophthalmological knowledge contained in Lóng shù pú sà yăn lùn was also reflected and some parts of it were introduced in I shin bō in Japan. Based on the policy decision of King Sejong, the fourth king of Joseon Dynasty, large scaled promoting projects of medical knowledge was established. It is notable that the Ui bang ryu chwi compiled as a result of the synthesis of the medical treatises available at that time initiated by King Sejong contained a considerable part of Lóng shù pú sà yăn lùn in reedited form that had already passed into oblivion in China. The intellectuals in Joseon Dynasty who participated in the compilation of Ui bang ryu chwi not only indicated that Lóng shù pú sà yăn lùn was a medical text published in the times of Wei-Qin and South & North Dynasties in China but also clearly indicated the textual reference and left the original text for later generation without modifying the contents. According to the Ui bang ryu chwi, the Lóng shù pú sà yăn lùn indicated that the core causes of eye diseases were heat, winds, and three body fluids(trido a) and contained the analyses of symptoms, related treatments, and several analyses of wrong treatments. In addition, Lóng shù pú sà yăn lùn explained diverse eye diseases through more than 30 medical treatments. In particular, this book accurately described golden needle acupuncture for treatment of a Nèi-zhàng understood to be cataract

A GENRE ANALYSIS OF PROMOTIONAL TEXTS IN AN INDONESIAN BATIK INDUSTRY

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Diah Kristina

2017-09-01

Full Text Available This study explored sales promotion letters (SPLs and company profiles (CPs of two prominent batik companies in Solo, Central Java, Indonesia. This essay draws its data from the most important primary source of information on sales promotion letters and company profiles namely words, phrases, and clauses taken from the SPLs and CPs of batik written in Indonesian. Secondary sources were also consulted in this research, among these transcribed data obtained from in-depth interviews with the text writers and buyers. Three SPLs and two batik CPs were analyzed. In addition, two informants (marketing and promotion managers typifying the text production perspective and two buyers typifying the text consumption perspective were interviewed. This research was guided by theories of genre analysis which focuses on patterns of rhetorical organization and genre-specific language features. This study employed the multi-dimensional and multi perspective model of analysis focusing on textual, socio-cognitive and ethnographic aspects of the texts. This study concludes that the strong Javanese cultural influence has made the underlying intention of gaining profits to be less explicitly stated. Secondly, the textual analysis and the in-depth interviews supported the view that CPs of batik had been ideally used to create a favorable image of the company. Thirdly, the most distinctive feature that differentiated establishing credentials in the Indonesian batik business context had been the utilization of a sense of moral obligation to preserve native culture. Fourthly, the chemistry between writers and readers of SPLs and CPs built a strong foundation for mutual understanding and thus paved the way for making purchases. To conclude, this study has shown how the wider culture and the culture of the discourse community has contributed to the framing and formatting of SPLs and CPs of batik in terms of lexico-grammar, cognitive structuring, intertextuality and

The Visuality, Embodiment and Gender Performance of Korean Pop: A Study on the Production, Consumption and Appropriation of the MVs of “Girls’ Generation”

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Ming-Tsung Lee

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This paper tries to resolve the puzzle firstly: how can Korean pop (K-Pop become transbordering since Korean is not the main language in the world? It can be attributed to the policy input and capital integration, the textual circulation through emerging audio-video platform on-line, as well as the specific textual form with intensive visuality and embodiment. This paper applies not only traditionally visual-textual analysis but also the new methodology called “following the object” by the British sociologists Scott Lash and Celia Lury. The researcher regards K-Pop as an object of cross-cultural consumption and tracks its circulation from local production to “glocal” consumption. Through the interview to the K-Pop professionals, review of the relevant articles, textual analysis of the music videos and the ethnographic fieldwork of local fans community, this paper tries to answer the two questions: (1 how does K-Pop produce itself by the strategies of visualization and embodiment, as well as gendered performance; (2 how do the fans appropriate the K-Pop texts to re-perform and re-shape their gender identities in their everyday life.

‘Teach, reduce and discharge’: Community nurses’ textual production of ‘independence’ and the coordination of discharge from home care services

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Lisa Watt

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Over the past three decades, the Canadian healthcare system has undergone significant reform and restructuring. As a result, healthcare and healthcare costs are relocated from hospitals to the community (McGregor, 2001. Text-based technology is increasingly used to standardize care and contain healthcare spending. This paper examines an example of a text-based technology used in the School Health Support Services programme for students with diabetes in Ontario, Canada. Using institutional ethnography, the inquiry starts with parents’ concerns regarding the premature termination of nursing care for their children with diabetes at school. The exploration shows how these parents’ concerns are hooked into the institutional work of assessment for service discharge conducted by the Community Care Access Centre (CCAC care coordinators. The analysis shows how the institutional category of ‘independence’ coordinates the service discharge work of the CCAC care coordinators with that of the nursing work of community nurses at school. The activation of the category of ‘independence’ by the nurses mediates their work, orienting their focus away from providing direct nursing care, and towards transferring primary care to children with diabetes. Children doing diabetes self-care work at school is then written up in nursing texts to stand in for children’s ability to manage diabetes ‘independently’. The textual production of ‘independence’ enables the next institutional course of action, that is, the discharge of children from nursing services at school. In this process, children with diabetes are drawn into doing the discharge work that ultimately serves the cost-containment interests of the institution. This institutional process also functions to obscure important actualities: It obscures how children’s ‘independence’ is co-created on a daily basis with their parents and relies on their parents’ work, and it discounts the

On Textual Analysis and Machine Learning for Cyberstalking Detection.

Science.gov (United States)

Frommholz, Ingo; Al-Khateeb, Haider M; Potthast, Martin; Ghasem, Zinnar; Shukla, Mitul; Short, Emma

2016-01-01

Cyber security has become a major concern for users and businesses alike. Cyberstalking and harassment have been identified as a growing anti-social problem. Besides detecting cyberstalking and harassment, there is the need to gather digital evidence, often by the victim. To this end, we provide an overview of and discuss relevant technological means, in particular coming from text analytics as well as machine learning, that are capable to address the above challenges. We present a framework for the detection of text-based cyberstalking and the role and challenges of some core techniques such as author identification, text classification and personalisation. We then discuss PAN, a network and evaluation initiative that focusses on digital text forensics, in particular author identification.

A Framework for Sentiment Analysis Implementation of Indonesian Language Tweet on Twitter

Science.gov (United States)

Asniar; Aditya, B. R.

2017-01-01

Sentiment analysis is the process of understanding, extracting, and processing the textual data automatically to obtain information. Sentiment analysis can be used to see opinion on an issue and identify a response to something. Millions of digital data are still not used to be able to provide any information that has usefulness, especially for government. Sentiment analysis in government is used to monitor the work programs of the government such as the Government of Bandung City through social media data. The analysis can be used quickly as a tool to see the public response to the work programs, so the next strategic steps can be taken. This paper adopts Support Vector Machine as a supervised algorithm for sentiment analysis. It presents a framework for sentiment analysis implementation of Indonesian language tweet on twitter for Work Programs of Government of Bandung City. The results of this paper can be a reference for decision making in local government.

Exploring quality of life in Italian patients with rare disease: a computer-aided content analysis of illness stories.

Science.gov (United States)

Caputo, Andrea

2014-01-01

The present study used a narrative-based approach to identify common themes that characterized the illness experience and quality of life of patients affected by rare disease (RD). Textual data were comprised of illness stories written by 32 adult Italian patients (eight men and 24 women), with the following RD diagnoses: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (n = 12), anorectal atresia (n = 4), Poland syndrome (n = 4), and idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (n = 12). Computer-aided content analysis was performed to detect the main themes (cluster analysis) and latent factors (correspondence analysis) emerging in patients' narratives, and to test their association with gender and diagnosis. Four thematic domains were detected in the textual corpus, which are respectively referred to as: hopelessness (12.74%), need for autonomy (38.43%), search for normalcy (11.89%), and expectations of recovery (36.94%). Three latent factors explained the overall data variance: the relationship with social and medical healthcare providers (F1), adjustment processes to disease and social limitations (F2), and self-beliefs and coping (F3). Some differences were revealed with respect to patient gender and diagnosis. Illness stories highlight the significant relationship of RD patients with healthcare services and their need for a holistic approach because of the lack of effective treatment. Physical limitation and emotional distress do not necessarily seem to overlap for adjustment and quality of life (QoL). Overall, the perception of illness chronicity is likely to affect patients' self-beliefs and coping with more than their feeling of abnormalcy, that is the less salient theme.

Práticas de produção textual no MSN Messenger: ressignificando a escrita colaborativa Text production practices on MSN: redifining collaborative writing

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Petrilson Alan Pinheiro

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivo articular as práticas de escrita escolarese as tecnologias da comunicação e da informação disponibilizadas na Internet, buscando, com isso, possibilitar um repensar e uma redefinição dos modelos de produção textual com os quais a escola ainda opera. Na tentativa de explorar tal relação, propomos a realização de um trabalho que aponte como o uso de alguns gêneros digitais do ciberespaço, como o MSN Messenger, contribuem para a construção de práticas colaborativas de escrita de alunos do ensino médio. Para tanto, tomaremos como base teórica os construtos bakhtinianos de gêneros do discurso e na teoria situada de gênero (ERICKSON, 1997; Yates; Orlikowski; Rennecker, 1997; SHEPHERD; WATTERS, 1999; Devitt, 2000 para dar conta do comportamento dos gêneros digitais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa empírica realizada com dezesseis aprendizes e um professor do ensino médio de uma escola estadual localizada no município de Campinas _ SP. Os alunos criaram um site para a divulgação de um jornal digital e, para produzir os textos que são expostos nesse jornal, eles fazem uso do e-mail e do MSN Messenger. Como proposta de análise multimodal da produção textual desses aprendizes na Internet, tomaremos como base as metafunções semióticas nos níveis apresentacional, orientacional e organizacional, propostas por Lemke (1995, 1998a, 1998b, como dispositivos teórico-analíticos dos dados gerados a partir dos registros dos diversos modos com que os alunos constroem sentidos ao aprenderem e desenvolverem seus textos de forma colaborativa a partir do uso dos gêneros digitais.The objective of this paper is to articulate school writing practices and the new communication and information technology from the Internet, by searching a way of rethinking and redefining the text production patterns with which schools still deal. In order to explore such relationship, we propose a paper which points out how the use of

'Strong is the new skinny': A content analysis of #fitspiration images on Instagram.

Science.gov (United States)

Tiggemann, Marika; Zaccardo, Mia

2018-07-01

'Fitspiration' is an online trend designed to inspire viewers towards a healthier lifestyle by promoting exercise and healthy food. This study provides a content analysis of fitspiration imagery on the social networking site Instagram. A set of 600 images were coded for body type, activity, objectification and textual elements. Results showed that the majority of images of women contained only one body type: thin and toned. In addition, most images contained objectifying elements. Accordingly, while fitspiration images may be inspirational for viewers, they also contain a number of elements likely to have negative effects on the viewer's body image.

MEANING AND MESSAGE OF ‘JEMME’

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I Wayan Mulyawan

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Advertising is intended to persuade audiences, readers, viewers or listeners to take action on products, services and ideas. Advertisements include text, audio, video, photography and graphic designs. We will easily find advertisement through some common mediums namely newspaper, magazine, radio, television, internet, billboards, and many other places. Advertisement analysis is divided into textual and contextual analysis. The textual is the analysis of advertisement structure such as headline, illustration, body copy, signature line, and standing details. Based on the analysis JEMME co nsidered to be a complex advertisement taht consist of 5 (five element. The contextual analysis is the meaning of the advertisement. According to the analysis, JEMME is a fine jewelery with high standard and very suitable for valentine gift.

A Practice-Based Analysis of an Online Strategy Game

Science.gov (United States)

Milolidakis, Giannis; Kimble, Chris; Akoumianakis, Demosthenes

In this paper, we will analyze a massively multiplayer online game in an attempt to identify the elements of practice that enable social interaction and cooperation within the game’s virtual world. Communities of Practice and Activity Theory offer the theoretical lens for identifying and understanding what constitutes practice within the community and how such practice is manifest and transmitted during game play. Our analysis suggests that in contrast to prevalent perceptions of practice as being textually mediated, in virtual settings it is framed as much in social interactions as in processes, artifacts and the tools constituting the ‘linguistic’ domain of the game or the practice the gaming community is about.

Analysis of Brazilian publications on distance education in nursing: integrative review.

Science.gov (United States)

Tavares, Ana Paula Cardoso; Leite, Bruna Silva; Silveira, Isabelle Andrade; Santos, Thayane Dias Dos; Brito, Willian de Andrade Pereira de; Camacho, Alessandra Conceição Leite Funchal

2018-01-01

To analyze the publications that focus on distance education in nursing in Brazil from 2010 to 2016. Integrative review of the literature with data collection in June 2016 in the following databases: LILACS, MEDLINE via PUBMED, CINAHL and SCOPUS. For the data analysis and interpretation, the thematic categorization was chosen. We selected 18 articles for discussion, whose textual analysis permitted the construction of three thematic categories: use of virtual technologies for distance education in nursing; construction of virtual learning environments with the aid of virtual technologies for distance education in nursing; and evaluation of the learning process through virtual technologies for distance education of nurses. Distance Education stands out as an effective teaching-learning strategy in this type of education in Brazilian nursing, focused mainly on the improvement and complement of traditional teaching.

Power source roadmaps using bibliometrics and database tomography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kostoff, R.N.; Tshiteya, R.; Pfeil, K.M.; Humenik, J.A.; Karypis, G.

2005-01-01

Database Tomography (DT) is a textual database analysis system consisting of two major components: (1) algorithms for extracting multi-word phrase frequencies and phrase proximities (physical closeness of the multi-word technical phrases) from any type of large textual database, to augment (2) interpretative capabilities of the expert human analyst. DT was used to derive technical intelligence from a Power Sources database derived from the Science Citation Index. Phrase frequency analysis by the technical domain experts provided the pervasive technical themes of the Power Sources database, and the phrase proximity analysis provided the relationships among the pervasive technical themes. Bibliometric analysis of the Power Sources literature supplemented the DT results with author/journal/institution/country publication and citation data

Pesquisa com os gêneros do discurso na sala de aula: resultados iniciais = Research on speech genres in the classroom: initial results

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosângela Hammes Rodrigues

2008-07-01

Full Text Available Objetiva-se apresentar trabalhos do grupo de pesquisa Os gêneros do discurso: práticas pedagógicas e análise de gêneros na área de elaboração didática (ED dos gêneros e resultados gerais de pesquisa. Alguns trabalhos envolveram os gêneros crônica, carta do leitor e artigo assinado, bem como gêneros da música popular brasileira; outrocorrelacionou gêneros com produção, correção e avaliação de textos. Destacam-se como resultados de pesquisa: construção do conhecimento procedimental por meio do estudo e produção de textos do gênero; articulação das práticas de escuta, leitura, produção textual eanálise linguística; necessidade de conhecimento de referência sobre os gêneros; inviabilidade de aprendizagem de todas as características de um determinado gênero em uma única ED, pois cada ED permite o aprofundamento de algumas delas; a ED da produção textual conduz a correção e a avaliação de textos; o gênero integra práticas deleitura, escuta, produção textual e análise linguística; dificuldade de trabalho com gêneros multimodais.It presents the works developed by the research group Speech Genres: Pedagogical Practices and Genre Analysis, concerning the didactic elaboration (DE of genres and the general results of the research. The works were based on the genres chronicle, letter to the editor, and article, as well as genres of Brazilian popular music; another research correlated genres with text production, correction and evaluation. Some highlights of the research results: the procedural knowledge construction throughout the textual studies of genres; thearticulation of listening/reading practices, textual production and linguistic analysis; the necessity of a referential knowledge of genres; the unfeasibility of learning all the characteristics of a genre in only one DE, as each DE leads to the improvement of some ofthem; the DE of the textual production guides the evaluation and the correction of

What do job adverts tell Higher Education about the ‘shape’ of Biomedical Engineering graduates?

OpenAIRE

Baruah, Bidyut Jyoti; Ward, Anthony Edward; Gbadebo, Adeyosola Adekunle

2016-01-01

Higher Education Institutions are required, at least in some Countries, to design their curricula taking into account the needs of relevant industry. Use of Industrial Advisory Committees is a common way of demonstrating this input. This paper explores an additional window to industry needs through the textual analysis of job advertisements. 36 internet published adverts using the “Biomedical Engineering” search phrase were downloaded and textually analysed to identify the mentioned technical...

Natural science textbooks for the fourth grade and their text difficulty

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Libuše Hrabí

2012-09-01

Full Text Available This paper presents findings regarding an assessment of the difficulty of text in six current Czech natural science textbooks for the fourth grade. The textual analysis was carried out according to a modified Průcha method. The results indicate that textual difficulty varies in the textbooks examined (19 - 31 points. Textbooks published by the Alter, Fortuna and SPN publishing companies are suitable for teaching in the fourth grade.

Relating interesting quantitative time series patterns with text events and text features

Science.gov (United States)

Wanner, Franz; Schreck, Tobias; Jentner, Wolfgang; Sharalieva, Lyubka; Keim, Daniel A.

2013-12-01

In many application areas, the key to successful data analysis is the integrated analysis of heterogeneous data. One example is the financial domain, where time-dependent and highly frequent quantitative data (e.g., trading volume and price information) and textual data (e.g., economic and political news reports) need to be considered jointly. Data analysis tools need to support an integrated analysis, which allows studying the relationships between textual news documents and quantitative properties of the stock market price series. In this paper, we describe a workflow and tool that allows a flexible formation of hypotheses about text features and their combinations, which reflect quantitative phenomena observed in stock data. To support such an analysis, we combine the analysis steps of frequent quantitative and text-oriented data using an existing a-priori method. First, based on heuristics we extract interesting intervals and patterns in large time series data. The visual analysis supports the analyst in exploring parameter combinations and their results. The identified time series patterns are then input for the second analysis step, in which all identified intervals of interest are analyzed for frequent patterns co-occurring with financial news. An a-priori method supports the discovery of such sequential temporal patterns. Then, various text features like the degree of sentence nesting, noun phrase complexity, the vocabulary richness, etc. are extracted from the news to obtain meta patterns. Meta patterns are defined by a specific combination of text features which significantly differ from the text features of the remaining news data. Our approach combines a portfolio of visualization and analysis techniques, including time-, cluster- and sequence visualization and analysis functionality. We provide two case studies, showing the effectiveness of our combined quantitative and textual analysis work flow. The workflow can also be generalized to other

Diseño, implementación y análisis de una secuencia didáctica basada en la escritura de un cuento para promover el aprendizaje de la producción textual en grado primero

OpenAIRE

Escobar, Mayerlin

2017-01-01

La presente investigación es de carácter descriptivo y consiste en el diseño, la aplicación y el análisis de una secuencia didáctica con énfasis en la escritura como proceso. De esta forma, se promueve el aprendizaje de la producción textual en los estudiantes de primer grado de Básica Primaria en la sede principal de la Institución Educativa Isaías Gamboa de la ciudad de Cali. Esta estrategia metodológica surge a partir de un diagnóstico de las necesidades de aprendizaje detectadas en los ni...

Canada on the Move: an intensive media analysis from inception to reception.

Science.gov (United States)

Faulkner, Guy; Finlay, Sara-Jane

2006-01-01

Research evaluating mediated physical activity campaigns uses an unsophisticated conceptualization of the media and would benefit from the application of a media studies approach. The purpose of this article is to report on the application of this type of analysis to the Canada on the Move media campaign. Through interviews and document analysis, the press release surrounding Canada on the Move was examined at four levels: inception, production, transmission and reception. Analytic strategies of thematic and textual analysis were conducted. The press release was well received by journalists and editors and was successfully transmitted as inferred from national and local television coverage, although there was no national print pickup. Canada on the Move was perceived by sampled audience members as a useful and interesting strategy to encourage walking. A holistic approach to media analysis reveals the complex and frequently messy process of this mediated communication process. Implications for future media disseminations of Canada on the Move are discussed.

SCHEMA THEORY IN READING CLASS

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Fahriany Fahriany

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Comprehension is making a sense out of text. It is a process of using reader’s existing knowledge (schemata to interpret texts in order to construct meaning. Many reading experts agree that the schema theory is one of the reasonable theories of human information processing. Schemata, the plural of schema, are believed to be the building blocks of cognition. This paper discusses the role of readers’ preexisting knowledge on linguistics code as well as readers’ knowledge of the world (schema, which for the case of reading has similar importance of the printed words in the text. It is argued that the more non visual information the reader posses, the less visual information is needed. For teaching and learning, teachers are expected to use different strategies in order to deal with different students’ preexisting knowledge and schema to maximize students’ learning.

Analysis of thematic prominence in selected Nigerian inaugural ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... speeches of Nigerian past leaders using Halliday and Matthiessen's formulation of the lexicogrammatical feature of Theme located in the textual metafunction in systemic functional grammar. It specifically focuses on the speakers' strategies of fronting certain lexical items clause-initially to construe certain meanings in ...

From knowledge to recognition: Evaluation of the process of a supervision group through lexical and textual statistical analysis

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Giovanna Di Falco

2014-09-01

Full Text Available The following article shows the process analysis of group supervision within a Therapeutic Community for adolescents with psychiatric problems. The main aim is to explore the influence of the group supervision on the quality of the patients care and, at the same time, the relationship between the therapists. The evaluation was made recording the group meetings and analyzing the transcriptions (representation of therapists’ speeches in written form through the use of statistical text analysis. Data analysis describes the frame of an institution – the TC – where it seems possible to “think” and “rethink” the clinical work and the relationship with patients bearing in mind – at the same time – institutional aspects; patients’ family role; social context; emotional and relational aspects of the therapists.Keywords: Process, Supervision, Therapeutic community

A hermeneutic phenomenological analysis of midwives' ways of knowing during childbirth.

Science.gov (United States)

Hunter, Lauren P

2008-12-01

to explore the ways of knowing used by the midwife while attending women during childbirth through textual analysis of poems written by American midwives. a hermeneutic phenomenology and human science research method inspired by van Manen was used. Midwifery ways of knowing during childbirth were thematically derived from 10 poems written by midwives about attending childbirth or the experience of being a midwife. Textual analysis included examination of the poems as a whole, via verse and metaphor, and via individual lines of prose. 10 American midwives wrote the poems used in this study. The poems were discovered through online searches of many databases using the key words 'poetry, poems, midwifery and childbirth' and through a national call for poetry by the researcher over a period of 4 years (1996-2000), undertaken in order to publish an anthology of poetry written by midwives. three authoritative ways of knowing that guided the care given by the midwife to women during childbirth were discovered. They were self-knowledge from the belief system of the individual midwife, grounded knowledge from the midwife's personal lived experience with childbirth, and informed knowledge from objective and scholarly sources. midwives must continue to develop their own body of knowledge in order to move the profession forward. Multiple ways of knowing including the use of experiential/contextual and intuitive knowledge is legitimate and humane, if provision of care is holistic. Care of women during childbirth can be enhanced with the use of multiple knowers and multiple ways of knowing. This study captured a unique and fresh interpretation of the lived experience of midwifery knowledge. Midwifery educational programmes should offer opportunities for students to explore the artistry as well as the science of midwifery practice.

Rating prediction using textual reviews

Science.gov (United States)

NithyaKalyani, A.; Ushasukhanya, S.; Nagamalleswari, TYJ; Girija, S.

2018-04-01

Information today is present in the form of opinions. Two & a half quintillion bytes are exchanged today in Internet everyday and a large amount consists of people’s speculation and reflection over an issue. It is the need of the hour to be able to mine this information that is presented to us. Sentimental analysis refers to mining of this raw information to make sense. The discipline of opinion mining has seen a lot of encouragement in the past few years augmented by involvement of social media like Instagram, Facebook, and twitter. The hidden message in this web of information is useful in several fields such as marketing, political polls, product review, forecast market movement, Identifying detractor and promoter. In this endeavor, we introduced sentiment rating system for a particular text or paragraph to determine the opinions polarity. Firstly we resolve the searching problem, tokenization, classification, and reliable content identification. Secondly we extract probability for given text or paragraph for both positive & negative sentiment value using naive bayes classifier. At last we use sentiment dictionary (SD), sentiment degree dictionary (SDD) and negation dictionary (ND) for more accuracy. Later we blend all above mentioned factor into given formula to find the rating for the review.

Corporate Narrations. An Instrument of Strategic Brand Management

OpenAIRE

Adela Rogojinaru

2011-01-01

Using textual analysis as a method, our aim is to connect the disciplines of brand management to brand communication via text-based approaches. It has been part of the academic tradition to treat all textual perspectives within the exclusive domain of literary studies. We nevertheless consider that an interdisciplinary recovery of classic text-based methods is fertile in advancing our research methods in branding, especially for teaching purposes at master and doctoral level of the communicat...

Dismissing Attachment Characteristics Dynamically Modulate Brain Networks Subserving Social Aversion

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Krause, Anna Linda; Borchardt, Viola; Li, Meng; van Tol, Marie-Jose; Demenescu, Liliana Ramona; Strauss, Bernhard; Kirchmanny, Helmut; Buchheim, Anna; Metzger, Coraline D.; Nolte, Tobias; Walter, Martin

2016-01-01

Attachment patterns influence actions, thoughts and feeling through a person's "inner working model". Speech charged with attachment-dependent content was proposed to modulate the activation of cognitive-emotional schemata in listeners. We performed a 7 Tesla rest-task-rest functional magnetic

The Rise of ‘New’ Social Classes within the Service Class in The Netherlands : Political Orientation of Social and Cultural Specialists and Technocrats between 1970 and 2003

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Güveli, Ayse; Need, Ariana; De Graaf, Nan Dirk

2007-01-01

The employment structure of The Netherlands and other advanced countries is evolving from industrial to postindustrial. Yet existing social class schemata, like the well-known Erikson, Goldthorpe and Portocarero (EGP) class schema, were constructed for an industrial employment structure. In this

Designing to support reasoned imagination through embodied metaphor

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Antle, A.N. (Alissa); Corness, G.; Bakker, S.; Droumeva, M.; Hoven, van den E.A.W.H.; Bevans, A.; Bryan-Kinns, N.

2009-01-01

Supporting users' reasoned imagination in sense making during interaction with tangible and embedded computation involves supporting the application of their existing mental schemata in understanding new forms of interaction. Recent studies that include an embodied metaphor in the interaction model,

‘The “Meidias” hydria: a visual and textual journey of a Greek vase in the history of art of antiquity (c. 1770s–1840s’

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Emmanouil Kalkanis

2013-12-01

Full Text Available This article examines scholarly publications between the 1770s and 1840s of one of the most published Athenian red-figured vases, a hydria first known in the collection of Sir William Hamilton and since 1772 in the British Museum. It reviews critically several visual and textual interpretations of the vase by a range of scholars of various European nationalities. It offers a new interpretation of a well-known object and reveals the extent to which its iconography influenced the development of art-historical writing and vice versa. While d’Hancarville was a pioneer in his own peculiar way, others were all more or less influenced by him though having their own agendas, not really related to any intrinsic interest in the vase, or any vase, as an object. What the article establishes is that although every writer was the product of his time and culture, only one of them (Eduard Gerhard really advanced the study of the vase or Greek ceramics being more thorough and imaginative in analyzing the subject matter.

GLOBALIZATION AND BUILDING OF IDENTITIES IN MODERN CITIES: A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS AT BARCELONA’S NEW CIVIC ORDINANCE

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LILIANA VARGAS MONROY

2007-11-01

Full Text Available This paper makes a discourse analysis of the Civic Ordinance of Barcelona, adopted by the City Hall of Barcelona-Spain in January of 2006, in order to typify and manage behaviour in the public spaces of the city. The textual corpuswe used for this analysis is the Ordinance project in its two versions. The Discourse Analysis methodology used in thisstudy has been proposed by different authors in this field (Martín Rojo, 2001; Parker, 1992; Potter & Wetherell, 1987;Van Dijk, 2003; Wetherell, 2001. Results point to the emergence of two kinds of discourses inside the text, as well as the strategies from which both discourses allow the construction of citizens’ identities as a new way of governability in the spaces of contemporary European cities.

Page segmentation and text extraction from gray-scale images in microfilm format

Science.gov (United States)

Yuan, Qing; Tan, Chew Lim

2000-12-01

The paper deals with a suitably designed system that is being used to separate textual regions from graphics regions and locate textual data from textured background. We presented a method based on edge detection to automatically locate text in some noise infected grayscale newspaper images with microfilm format. The algorithm first finds the appropriate edges of textual region using Canny edge detector, and then by edge merging it makes use of edge features to do block segmentation and classification, afterwards feature aided connected component analysis was used to group homogeneous textual regions together within the scope of its bounding box. We can obtain an efficient block segmentation with reduced memory size by introducing the TLC. The proposed method has been used to locate text in a group of newspaper images with multiple page layout. Initial results are encouraging, we would expand the experiment data to over 300 microfilm images with different layout structures, promising result is anticipated with corresponding modification on the prototype of former algorithm to make it more robust and suitable to different cases.

Sentiment analysis of political communication: combining a dictionary approach with crowdcoding.

Science.gov (United States)

Haselmayer, Martin; Jenny, Marcelo

2017-01-01

Sentiment is important in studies of news values, public opinion, negative campaigning or political polarization and an explosive expansion of digital textual data and fast progress in automated text analysis provide vast opportunities for innovative social science research. Unfortunately, tools currently available for automated sentiment analysis are mostly restricted to English texts and require considerable contextual adaption to produce valid results. We present a procedure for collecting fine-grained sentiment scores through crowdcoding to build a negative sentiment dictionary in a language and for a domain of choice. The dictionary enables the analysis of large text corpora that resource-intensive hand-coding struggles to cope with. We calculate the tonality of sentences from dictionary words and we validate these estimates with results from manual coding. The results show that the crowdbased dictionary provides efficient and valid measurement of sentiment. Empirical examples illustrate its use by analyzing the tonality of party statements and media reports.

Textual Differences in Alexander von Humboldt’s Essai politique sur l'île de Cuba. An editorial commentary on the first volume of the „Humboldt in English“ (HiE book series

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Tobias Kraft

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie basiert auf einem Editionsbericht, der 2009 im Rahmen der Konferenz „Alexander von Humboldt and the Hemisphere“ an der Vanderbilt University (Nashville, TN vorgestellt wurde. Die für diese Publikation weiter entwickelte Untersuchung verdeutlicht die Textgenese von Humboldts Essai politique sur l’île de Cuba auf der Basis eines Textvergleichs zwischen allen drei „Originalquellen“ des Texts. Der hier in seinen Ergebnissen vorgestellte Textvergleich ist Teil des Editionsprojektes „Humboldt in English“ (HiE, bei dem sich ein US-deutsches Editorenteam seit 2007 zum Ziel gesetzt haben, kritische Neuübersetzungen von drei wichtigen Schriften aus Humboldts „Opus Americanum“ anzufertigen (s.a. Fußnote. Der Textvergleich des Essai politique sur l’île de Cuba bildete die Textgrundlage für den ersten Band der HiE-Reihe, den 2011 bei Chicago University Press erschienenen The Political Essay on the Island of Cuba (hg. von Vera M. Kutzinski und Ottmar Ette. Summary This study is based on an editorial report, which was presented at the 2009 working conference „Alexander von Humboldt and the Hemisphere“ at Vanderbilt University (Nashville, TN. It demonstrates the textual genesis of Humboldt’s writings on Cuba through examples, which were obtained from a detailed text comparison of the three existing „original“ versions of Humboldt’s Essai politique sur l’île de Cuba. The collation was part of a larger strategy to regain philological ground for the „Humboldt in English“ (HiE project. Since 2007 and funded with grants from the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Alexander von Humboldt-Foundation, and the Gerda Henkel Foundation, the US-German research team behind HiE has been working on new and unabridged translations and critical editions of three of Humboldt’s most significant texts from his American oeuvre.[1] The following observations will outline the most important

Media deliberation on intra-EU migration. A qualitative approach to framing based on rhetorical analysis

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Alexandru Cârlan

2016-04-01

Full Text Available In this paper we investigate how the model of deliberation proposed by Isabela and Norman Fairclough can be used for a better clarification and understanding of the framing processes in media – especially in opinion articles. We thus aim at integrating theoretical contributions from critical discourse analysis and argumentation theory with standard approaches to framing, originating in media studies. We emphasize how a rhetorical approach to framing can provide analytical insights into framing processes and complement the typical quantitative approaches with qualitative analysis based on textual reconstruction. Starting from an issue-specific approach to framing, we discuss a particular case of framing of intra-EU migration, analyzing four opinion articles selected from a larger corpus of Romanian, British and French media. We highlight, along our analysis, various methodological options and analytical difficulties inherent to such an approach.

Análise linguístico-discursiva do genero introdução de artigo de pesquisa (para fins específicos: Teste ANPAD A linguistic-discursive analysis of the genre research article introduction (to specific purposes: ANPAD Test

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Juliana Guimarães Rodrigues Coelho

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo é um recorte de um estudo que analisou o gênero textual `introdução de artigo de pesquisa' sob a ótica retórico-discursiva. Os princípios teórico-metodológicos que orientaram esta pesquisa foram: inglês instrumental, leitura e gêneros textuais. A pesquisa realizada é de natureza descritiva focalizada (LARSEN-FREEMAN; LONG, 1991, e o corpus utilizado é formado por introduções de artigo de pesquisa da prova de inglês do teste ANPAD. Neste artigo, será apresentada uma análise linguístico-discursiva das introduções desse corpus. Os resultados mostraram que as evidências linguísticas nem sempre correspondem a um determinado movimento retórico (SWALES, 1990 presente nos textos das introduções analisadas. O estudo teve finalidade pedagógica, pois evidenciou os marcadores linguísticos e as estruturas verbais que realmente ocorrem nesse gênero.This article is part of a study which analyzed the textual genre `research article introduction' from the perspective of rhetorical-discursive analysis. The theoretical-methodological principles which guided this research were: English for specific purposes, reading and textual genre. This research was a focused description (LARSEN-FREEMAN; LONG, 1991, and the corpususedwas composed by research article introductions from the ANPAD English test (ANPAD is a test for postgraduate courses. This article presents the linguistic-discursive analysis of the introductions that comprise the corpusused in the studyof the original study. The results showed that the linguistic evidence not always corresponded to a specific rhetorical movement (SWALES, 1990 in the introductions. The study had a pedagogical purpose because it highlighted the linguistic marks and the verbal structures that really occur in this genre.

Redirecting learners' attention during training: effects on cognitive load, transfer test performance and training efficiency

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Merriënboer, J.J.G.; Schuurman, Jan Gerrit; de Croock, M.B.M.; Paas, F.G.W.C.

2002-01-01

Cognitive load theory provides guidelines for improving the training of complex cognitive skills and their transfer to new situations. One guideline states that extraneous cognitive load that is irrelevant to the construction of cognitive schemata should be minimised. Experiment 1 (N=26) compares

Enterprise Management Network Architecture Distributed Knowledge Base Support

Science.gov (United States)

1990-11-01

schemata be distributed? To solve this problem, we defined a user- callable function: distribution-function. This function identifies who the "potential...Artificial Intelligence, Volume 4. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Massachusetts, 1989. [4] Bond , A.H., and Gasser, L. Readings in Distributed

Corporate Narrations. An Instrument of Strategic Brand Management

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Adela Rogojinaru

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Using textual analysis as a method, our aim is to connect the disciplines of brand management to brand communication via text-based approaches. It has been part of the academic tradition to treat all textual perspectives within the exclusive domain of literary studies. We nevertheless consider that an interdisciplinary recovery of classic text-based methods is fertile in advancing our research methods in branding, especially for teaching purposes at master and doctoral level of the communication disciplines. The methodology is based on the analysis of the use of storytelling in four corporate books on four well-known brands: Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Avon, and Disney.

Is English the key to access the wonders of the modern world? A Critical Discourse Analysis

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Carmen Helena Guerrero

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The spread of English in the world today is not only the result of colonizing campaigns (Canagarajah, 1999, 2005; Pennycook, 1994a, 1998a, 2000; Phillipson, 1992, 2000 but also of the compliance of the governments associated with the "expanding circle" (Kachru, 1986. Colombia is a good example of this phenomenon, because its national government is implementing a National Bilingualism Project (pnb where there is an explicit interest in the promotion of English over all other languages spoken in the country. This article is a critical discourse analysis of the handbook that sets the standards for competences in English. The analysis of data follows Fairclough¿s textual analysis and shows that the authors of the handbook perpetuate mainstream concepts about the symbolic power of English as the one and only necessary tool for academic and economic success.

The Western New York regional electronic health record initiative: Healthcare informatics use from the registered nurse perspective.

Science.gov (United States)

Sackett, Kay M; Erdley, W Scott; Jones, Janice

2006-01-01

This paper describes a select population of Western New York (WNY) Registered Nurses' (RN) perspectives on the use of healthcare informatics and the adoption of a regional electronic health record (EHR). A three part class assignment on healthcare informatics used a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) Analysis, and a Healthcare Informatics Schemata: A paradigm shift over time(c) timeline to determine RN perspectives about healthcare informatics use at their place of employment. Qualitative analysis of 41 RNs who completed the SWOT analysis provided positive and negative themes related to perceptions about healthcare informatics and EHR use at their place of employment. 29 healthcare organizations were aggregated by year on the timeline from 1950 through 2000. Information suggests that, RNs have the capacity to positively drive the adoption of EHRs and healthcare informatics in WNY.

Moral Idealism and Social Reality: a Textual Analysis of Festus ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

First Lady

filthy streets. Luxury, privilege, and opulence characterise the life-style of the. Vol. 7 (3) Serial No. ... Forces…I supply them with various items. Each week I .... man had to consume money, woman, food, people, all the resources at his disposal ...

A Textual Analysis of Implicatures in Zaynab Alkali's Prose Fiction ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

One of the most striking qualities of African orature is its economy of words which is shown in its ability to implicate meaning in a few words. As a result, the reader learns more from the setting of the work rather than from the language use to convey the episodes. The devices used to describe this technique of language use ...

The Ouroboros Model Embraces Its Sensory-Motoric Foundations And Learns To Talk

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Thomsen Knud

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The Ouroboros Model proposes a brain inspired cognitive architecture including detailed suggestions for the main processing steps in an overall conceptualization of cognition as embodied and embedded computing. All memories are structured into schemata, which are firmly grounded in the body of an actor. A cyclic and iterative data-acquisition and -processing loop forms the backbone of all cognitive activity. Ever more sophisticated schemata are built up incrementally from the wide combination of neural activity, concurrent at the point in time when the memory is established; i.e., distinct representations are accrued. Later on, an entire schema can be reinstated from diverse subsets of its constituent features. In order to decode or compile ever more elaborate constructions, extant building blocks are concatenated. They are serially linked via common or “connection-attributes” of different representations and symbols, and they are employed for serial perception, processing and action, in particular, also for language production. At various levels, commonalities between different schemata lead to a similar preferred use of their respective tokens and subsequently shared categorizations. Rules, for the concatenation of words, akin to the ones governing chemical reactions, can be abstracted. As special kinds of symbols, words and word-classes along with the whole grammar of a language can thus be seen as a direct consequence of the processes outlined in the Ouroboros Model. Strong emphasis is put on the dimension of time over short intervals during active experience and performance, and, in particular, during interactions with other agents.

Radiology reports: a quantifiable and objective textual approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scott, J.A.; Palmer, E.L.

2015-01-01

Aim: To examine the feasibility of using automated lexical analysis in conjunction with machine learning to create a means of objectively characterising radiology reports for quality improvement. Materials and methods: Twelve lexical parameters were quantified from the collected reports of four radiologists. These included the number of different words used, number of sentences, reading grade, readability, usage of the passive voice, and lexical metrics of concreteness, ambivalence, complexity, passivity, embellishment, communication and cognition. Each radiologist was statistically compared to the mean of the group for each parameter to determine outlying report characteristics. The reproducibility of these parameters in a given radiologist's reporting style was tested by using only these 12 parameters as input to a neural network designed to establish the authorship of 60 unknown reports. Results: Significant differences in report characteristics were observed between radiologists, quantifying and characterising deviations of individuals from the group reporting style. The 12 metrics employed in a neural network correctly identified the author in each of 60 unknown reports tested, indicating a robust parametric signature. Conclusion: Automated and quantifiable methods can be used to analyse reporting style and provide impartial and objective feedback as well as to detect and characterise significant differences from the group. The parameters examined are sufficiently specific to identify the authors of reports and can potentially be useful in quality improvement and residency training. - Highlights: • Radiology reports can be objectively studied based upon their lexical characteristics. • This analysis can help establish norms for reporting, resident training and authorship attribution. • This analysis can complement higher level subjective analysis in quality improvement efforts.

Critical reading of a text through its electronic supplement

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Kieran O’Halloran

2010-10-01

Full Text Available A by-product of new social media platforms is an abundant textual record of engagements – billions of words across the world-wide-web in, for example, discussion forums, blogs and wiki discussion tabs. Many of these engagements consist of commentary on a particular text and can thus be regarded as supplements to these texts. The larger purpose of this article is to flag the utility value of this electronic supplementarity for critical reading by highlighting how it can reveal particular meanings that the text being responded to can reasonably be said to marginalise and / or repress. Given the potentially very large size of social media textual product, knowing how to explore these supplements with electronic text analysis software is essential. To illustrate the above, I focus on how the content of online discussion forums, explored through electronic text analysis software, can be used to assist critical reading of the texts which initiate them. The paper takes its theoretical orientations from the textual intervention work of Rob Pope together with themes in the work of the philosopher, Jacques Derrida.

Aging and masculinity: portrayals in men's magazines.

Science.gov (United States)

Hurd Clarke, Laura; Bennett, Erica V; Liu, Chris

2014-12-01

Textual and visual representations of age are instructive as they suggest ideals towards which individuals should strive and influence how we perceive age. The purpose of our study was to investigate textual and visual representations of later life in the advertisements and interest stories of six widely read North American male-oriented magazines (namely, Esquire, GQ, Maxim, Men's Health, Men's Journal, and Zoomer). Through a content analysis and a visual textual analysis, we examined how older men were depicted in the magazine images and accompanying texts. Our findings revealed that older men were largely absent, and when portrayed, were positively depicted as experienced and powerful celebrities or as healthy and happy unknown individuals. The magazine advertisements and interest stories collectively required individuals to engage in consumer culture in order to achieve age and masculinity ideals and stave off the transition from the Third Age to the Fourth Age. We consider our findings in relation to theorizing about ageism, age relations, the Third and Fourth Ages, and idealized aging masculinity. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Spectral signature verification using statistical analysis and text mining

Science.gov (United States)

DeCoster, Mallory E.; Firpi, Alexe H.; Jacobs, Samantha K.; Cone, Shelli R.; Tzeng, Nigel H.; Rodriguez, Benjamin M.

2016-05-01

In the spectral science community, numerous spectral signatures are stored in databases representative of many sample materials collected from a variety of spectrometers and spectroscopists. Due to the variety and variability of the spectra that comprise many spectral databases, it is necessary to establish a metric for validating the quality of spectral signatures. This has been an area of great discussion and debate in the spectral science community. This paper discusses a method that independently validates two different aspects of a spectral signature to arrive at a final qualitative assessment; the textual meta-data and numerical spectral data. Results associated with the spectral data stored in the Signature Database1 (SigDB) are proposed. The numerical data comprising a sample material's spectrum is validated based on statistical properties derived from an ideal population set. The quality of the test spectrum is ranked based on a spectral angle mapper (SAM) comparison to the mean spectrum derived from the population set. Additionally, the contextual data of a test spectrum is qualitatively analyzed using lexical analysis text mining. This technique analyzes to understand the syntax of the meta-data to provide local learning patterns and trends within the spectral data, indicative of the test spectrum's quality. Text mining applications have successfully been implemented for security2 (text encryption/decryption), biomedical3 , and marketing4 applications. The text mining lexical analysis algorithm is trained on the meta-data patterns of a subset of high and low quality spectra, in order to have a model to apply to the entire SigDB data set. The statistical and textual methods combine to assess the quality of a test spectrum existing in a database without the need of an expert user. This method has been compared to other validation methods accepted by the spectral science community, and has provided promising results when a baseline spectral signature is

Improving Software Systems By Flow Control Analysis

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Piotr Poznanski

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Using agile methods during the implementation of the system that meets mission critical requirements can be a real challenge. The change in the system built of dozens or even hundreds of specialized devices with embedded software requires the cooperation of a large group of engineers. This article presents a solution that supports parallel work of groups of system analysts and software developers. Deployment of formal rules to the requirements written in natural language enables using formal analysis of artifacts being a bridge between software and system requirements. Formalism and textual form of requirements allowed the automatic generation of message flow graph for the (sub system, called the “big-picture-model”. Flow diagram analysis helped to avoid a large number of defects whose repair cost in extreme cases could undermine the legitimacy of agile methods in projects of this scale. Retrospectively, a reduction of technical debt was observed. Continuous analysis of the “big picture model” improves the control of the quality parameters of the software architecture. The article also tries to explain why the commercial platform based on UML modeling language may not be sufficient in projects of this complexity.

BASES PARA LA COMPRENSIÓN ORGANIZATIVA DEL TEXTO

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Pilar Elena

2011-10-01

Full Text Available During the complex process of text reading or analysis, readers must apply their knowledge and strategic capacity in order to reach the maximum degree of textual understanding or inferential understanding. There are a number of factors which may constitute an obstacle to the achievement of this goal, including a lack of knowledge with regard to the specialised nature of the text or to textual structures. This paper focuses on the knowledge of these structures and their relevance in order to achieve good organizational understanding as a basis for inferential understanding. The methodology proposed consists mainly of guided reading based on global and partial text models and text organisation outlines which, through practice, become tools to help readers understand and recall what they have read.Durante el complejo proceso de lectura o análisis del texto, el lector debe aplicar sus conocimientosy su capacidad estratégica para conseguir el grado máximo de comprensión textual o comprensióninferencial. Son varios los factores que pueden influir negativamente en la consecución de tal objetivo, entreellos el desconocimiento del campo de especialidad o de las estructuras textuales. Este trabajo se centraen el conocimiento de estas estructuras y su relevancia para lograr una buena comprensión organizativacomo base para la comprensión inferencial. La metodología que se propone consiste principalmente en unalectura guiada basada en modelos textuales globales y parciales, esquemas de organización textual, que, através de la práctica, se convierten en instrumentos de apoyo para la comprensión y el recuerdo de lo leído.

Gamification and Visualization of Sensor Data Analysis in Research Buildings

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Stone, Jackson A [ORNL; Sanyal, Jibonananda [ORNL; Castello, Charles C [ORNL; New, Joshua Ryan [ORNL

2015-01-01

The use of video game elements in non-gaming systems, or gamification , has potential value in transforming data analysis. Our study focused on creating a web-based videogame that models two physical test buildings, each of which contains hundreds of sensors. After the application renders the models, the player can walk through the environments and interact with the virtual representations of the sensors inside. Rather than trudging through a database with textual commands and screens full of data, the user can (virtually) walk up to a sensor and view its data graphically. But these features only scratch the surface of what is possible using our new gamification approach. We anticipate being able to show that recent progress in game design techniques and capacities can contribute to the field of analysis through gamification. The net result could be more stimulating, intuitive, user-friendly interfaces, as well as potentially more informative and insightful applications.

O videoclipe como extensão da canção: apontamentos para análise The videoclip as an extension of music: Points for analysis

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Jeder Silveira Janotti Junior

2008-11-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo empreende um desdobramento da metodologia de análise midiática da canção em direção ao videoclipe. Tomamos como ponto de partida a verificação dos vínculos existentes entre canção e clipe, discutindo, através de conceitos da Semiótica e dos Estudos Culturais, as noções de percurso, refrão e dicção da canção no terreno da imagem no videoclipe. Os conceitos de gêneros musicais ajudam a debater esse audiovisual para além de uma análise textual, compreendendo suas dinâmicas de consumo. Através da noção de performance da canção popular massiva, discutimos conceitos que nos ajudam a empreender algumas categorias que podem se configurar numa futura metodologia de análise midiática de videoclipes. The videoclip as an extension of music: Points for analysis — This article scrutinizes the mediatic analysis methodology of the shift of popular songs towards the videoclip. Our starting point is an analysis of the bonds linking music to videoclips, discussing the ideas of passage, chorus and diction of the song in the field of videoclip imagery based on concepts of Semiotics and on Cultural Studies. The concepts of musical genres underpin our debate on this audiovisual instrument, extending it beyond a textual analysis to understand its dynamics of consumption. Through the idea of the performance of mass pop music, we discuss concepts that help us outline categories that can be applied in a future methodology of mediatic videoclip analysis.

Textual construction of domestic violence: examples from Kiswahili ...

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1 as articulated in Kiswahili novel. Using Foucauldian discourse analysis, the article illustrates the discursive strategies employed by Kiswahili novelists to explain the problem of violence against women. It reveals that the novelists ...

Hizbullah’s Culture Wars -- Understanding Hizbullah through Social Movement Theory and Its Media Usage

Science.gov (United States)

2009-03-01

communicate its ideology to its people. Wiktorowicz explains, “Frames represent interpretive schemata that offer a language and cognitive tools for making...Lebanon conflict. It does show a bit more stylistic diversity in the articles covering the 2008-2009 Gaza conflict, although the shift is minor

African Americans: Race as a Self-Schema Affecting Physical Activity Choices.

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Harrison, Louis Jr.

1995-01-01

This paper examines theoretical and empirical contributions to racial differences in spot performance and describes a framework for viewing race as a movement self-schema. The roles of television, modeling, expectation theory, and sociological influences are discussed as possible activators of racial movement self-schemata. (JB)

Estudio de la satisfacción de los estudiantes de Interpretación Textual de la Escuela Superior de Arte Dramático de Córdoba

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Miguel Francisco GIL PALACIOS

2016-05-01

Full Text Available El estudio de la satisfacción de los estudiantes es fundamental para conocer los errores y aciertos de una institución educativa superior con el fin de poner en práctica estrategias que conduzcan a una mejora en la calidad de su enseñanza. Con este fin, en este artículo hemos evaluado el grado de satisfacción de los estudiantes de Interpretación Textual de la Escuela Superior de Arte Dramático de Córdoba “Miguel Salcedo Hierro”. Alejándonos de los modelos habituales de medir la satisfacción, principalmente de carácter cuantitativo, hemos utilizado como eje metodológico la Teoría Fundamentada en Datos, y como técnicas, la entrevista comprehensiva de Kaufmann y los grupos de discusión. Los resultados han sido muy positivos, pues han mostrado que estos estudiantes tienen un alto nivel de satisfacción, lo que resulta muy valioso para conocer la calidad de esta enseñanza en el momento presente, así como para desarrollar planes específicos que conduzcan a su mejora en el futuro cercano.

The financial crisis and the European Parliament: An analysis of the Two-Pack legislation.

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Roger, Léa; Otjes, Simon; van der Veer, Harmen

2017-12-01

The left-right line of conflict has been the dominant dimension of decision-making in the European Parliament since 1979. A pro-/anti-European Union integration dimension is of secondary importance. Limited evidence exists on the conditions under which these different dimensions matter. This study examines parliamentary decision-making about the so-called Two-Pack, which moved responsibilities about budgetary decision-making to the European Commission. The article uses in-depth interviews, textual analysis of committee debates and roll call voting analysis in order to determine which lines of conflict matter at which stage of decision-making. The evidence indicates that left-right division is dominant in the informal stage preceding committee debates, while both the pro-/anti-European Union and the left/right dimensions matter during the committee stage, whereas for plenary votes, the pro-/anti-European Union dimension is crucial.

Some of the thousand words a picture is worth.

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Mandler, J M; Johnson, N S

1976-09-01

The effects of real-world schemata on recognition of complex pictures were studied. Two kinds of pictures were used: pictures of objects forming real-world scenes and unorganized collections of the same objects. The recognition test employed distractors that varied four types of information: inventory, spatial location, descriptive and spatial composition. Results emphasized the selective nature of schemata since superior recognition of one kind of information was offset by loss of another. Spatial location information was better recognized in real-world scenes and spatial composition information was better recognized in unorganized scenes. Organized and unorganized pictures did not differ with respect of inventory and descriptive information. The longer the pictures were studied, the longer subjects took to recognize them. Reaction time for hits, misses, and false alarms increased dramatically as presentation time increased from 5 to 60 sec. It was suggested that detection of a difference in a distractor terminated search, but that when no difference was detected, an exhaustive search of the available information took place.

Trending Technologies for Indoor FM: Looking for "Geo" in Information

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Gunduz, M.; Isikdag, U.; Basaraner, M.

2016-10-01

Today technological developments in the Architecture Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry provides opportunities to build huge and complex buildings and facilities. In order to operate these facilities and to meet the requirements of the occupants and also to manage energy, waste and to keep all facility services operational, several Facility Management (FM) solutions were developed. This paper starts by presenting a state of art review of research related to Indoor Facility Management Systems. Later, a textual analysis focused to identify the research trends in this field is presented in the paper. The result of the literature review and textual analysis indicates that current research in Indoor FM Systems is underestimating the role of Geoinformation, Geoinformation models and systems.

Geriefsvoedsels: beroepsvroue se persepsies | Kok | Journal of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

market for convenience food because they have money, and experience time and role constraints. Perceptions are formed as a result of the interpretation of sensory stimuli (taste, smell, texture, vision and hearing) and storage thereof in the memory schemata. Consumers' perceptions of product attributes therefore serve as ...

Potentials and Limits of Secondary Analysis in a Specific Applied Context: The Case of EDF—Verbatim

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Magdalini Dargentas

2005-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper we present the results of secondary analyses conducted on documents recorded in VERBATIM, the qualitative data archiving system and database developed by the Sociological Surveys Department (GRETS of Electricité de France (EDF. The archived studies, unique in France, offer some specific methodological and theoretical features. In order to explain their properties, constraints, and diversity we present four re-analysis studies, which provide an overview of the research aims and topics, the body of textual data, the methods of the secondary analysis and the conditions under which re-analysis can be judged as reliable. We also explore the use of qualitative software in these analyses. Furthermore, we focus on the Sociological Surveys Department researchers' attitudes towards secondary analysis, which shed light on the future development of secondary analysis in France. Finally, we present a future project concerning scientific collaboration with the Centre d'Informatisation des Données Socio-Politiques (CIDSP which aims to develop more systematic qualitative data archiving and secondary analysis in France. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0501404

The Impact of Active Visualisation of High School Students on the Ability to Memorise Verbal Definitions

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Anamarija Šmajdek

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The era of visual communication influences the cognitive strategies of the individual. Education, too, must adjust to these changes, which raises questions regarding the use of visualisation in teaching. In the present study, we examine the impact of visualisation on the ability of high school students to memorise text. In the theoretical part of the research, we first clarify the concept of visualisation. We define the concept of active visualisation and visualisation as a means of acquiring and conveying knowledge, and we describe the different kinds of visualisation (appearance-based analogies and form-based analogies, specifically defining appearance-based schemata visualisations (where imagery is articulated in a typical culturally trained manner. In the empirical part of the research, we perform an experiment in which we evaluate the effects of visualisation on students’ ability to memorise a difficult written definition. According to the theoretical findings, we establish two hypotheses. In the first, we assume that the majority of the visualisations that students form will be appearance-based schemata visualisations. This hypothesis is based on the assumption that, in visualisation, people spontaneously use analogies based on imagery and schemas that are typical of their society. In the second hypothesis, we assume that active visualisation will contribute to the students’ ability to memorise text in a statistically significant way. This hypothesis is based on the assumption that the combination of verbal and visual experiences enhances cognitive learning. Both hypotheses were confirmed in the research. As our study only dealt with the impact of the most spontaneous type of appearance based schemata visualisations, we see further possibilities in researching the influence of visualisations that are more complex formally.

Coherence in the Argumentative Essays of First Year College of Liberal Arts Students at De La Salle University

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Alphie G. Garing

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The study investigates five textual features of coherence in the students’ argumentative essays for text comprehensibility and overall writing quality. Specifically, it examines how comprehensible the students’ argumentative essays considering the following: focus, organization, cohesion, support and elaboration, and conventions; and the relationship between the textual features and the comprehensibility of the students’ argumentative essays. The data consists of 13 argumentative essays written in ENGLCOM class first year College of Liberal Arts students of De La Salle University. Two techniques were used to analyze the data. First, an analytic and holistic scorings using a four-point writing rubric were used to evaluate each of the textual features of coherence and comprehensibility, respectively. Second, correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the coherence features and the comprehensibility of the students’ texts and between the comprehensibility of the students’ argumentative essays.

The Generic Structure of Print Advertisement of Elizabeth Arden’s INTERVENE: A Multimodal Discourse Analysis

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Aylanda Dwi Nugroho

2009-01-01

Full Text Available The Elizabeth Arden campaign with Catherine Zeta-Jones as the brand ambassador has deployed the semiotic resources of language and visual images. The analysis of this paper is based on the systemic functional linguistics (SFL proposed by Halliday (1985, 1994 and Halliday and Matthiessen (2004, which says that a text is understood to simultaneously function three metafunctions: Ideational, Interpersonal and Textual. O’Toole’s (1994 framework of analysing visual images, which follows the main concept of SFL, is also used in the analysis. A multimodal discourse analysis is then applied to analyse one of the series, Intervene, using Cheong’s framework (2004, which combined both frameworks to find the generic structure of this advertisement. Further, this paper also analyses the intersemiosis of the linguistic and the visual resources using Wee’s (2009 intersemiotic mechanisms. It concludes that the interplay of the language and the visual image has proved to be very effective in the meaning-making process of this print advertisement.

RESPONDING AND ANALYSING: STAGES OF TEACHING FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR IN INDONESIAN CONTEXT

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Lala Bumela

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract: This paper offers an alternative to the teaching of a functional grammar course in Indonesian TEFL tertiary level context. An issue raised here is whether the course should directly require students to undertake textual analysis or provide them first with subjective reading experiences.  This issue is inspired by Jones and Lock¹s approach to teaching grammar in context (2011. This paper reports on a study that focused on two related phases of dealing with texts: responding and analyzing.  In the first phase, students were encouraged to take a personalised approach in responding to written English texts.  They had the freedom to decide whether the texts were meaningful for them in certain ways. Mckee (2003 and Lehtonen (2000 posit that as the sole decision maker in meaning negotiation, readers perceive the meaningfulness of texts in very diverse ways. In the second phase of the study, the students undertook an individual analysis of different text types.  This study reveals that a successful textual analysis is determined by how students make sense of the texts. The analysis of context of situation, for example, becomes meaningful to students after they demonstrate a proper position as a reader.  This, in turn, helps them in gaining insights into the structure and grammar of those texts.   Keywords: systemic functional linguistics, genre-based approach, textual analysis

A Critique of Schema Theory in Reading and a Dual Coding Alternative (Commentary).

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Sadoski, Mark; And Others

1991-01-01

Evaluates schema theory and presents dual coding theory as a theoretical alternative. Argues that schema theory is encumbered by lack of a consistent definition, its roots in idealist epistemology, and mixed empirical support. Argues that results of many empirical studies used to demonstrate the existence of schemata are more consistently…

Students' Learning Style: A Case Study of Senior High Schools in Bengkulu

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Arsyad, Safnil

2018-01-01

It is widely accepted that the use of learning materials which accommodates students' schemata is much more effective than the ones outside student's present knowledge background. The objectives of this study are to describe the students' learning style distribution and their perception on local oriented and learning style-based English learning…

The human right of access to drinking water: a continental analysis based on World Water Forums

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Lorenzo Zorzi

2016-11-01

Full Text Available At the end of the 1980s, development and human rights were treated as separate issues, with distinct and divergent strategies and goals. After two decades, our understanding of the issue has evolved, and it has become clear that there is no way to separate the two issues. Currently, interest in human rights is increasing, and is focusing particularly on developing a consensus based upon international standards in order to promote and protect such rights. In this context, after numerous negotiations, the right to access potable water has come to be understood as a human right. This paper discusses the issue of water as a human right based upon the analysis of the World Water Forum which has existed since 1997 and involves the public, private and scientific sectors. The qualitative textual analysis was based upon documentation of these events.

Automated analysis of instructional text

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Norton, L.M.

1983-05-01

The development of a capability for automated processing of natural language text is a long-range goal of artificial intelligence. This paper discusses an investigation into the issues involved in the comprehension of descriptive, as opposed to illustrative, textual material. The comprehension process is viewed as the conversion of knowledge from one representation into another. The proposed target representation consists of statements of the prolog language, which can be interpreted both declaratively and procedurally, much like production rules. A computer program has been written to model in detail some ideas about this process. The program successfully analyzes several heavily edited paragraphs adapted from an elementary textbook on programming, automatically synthesizing as a result of the analysis a working Prolog program which, when executed, can parse and interpret let commands in the basic language. The paper discusses the motivations and philosophy of the project, the many kinds of prerequisite knowledge which are necessary, and the structure of the text analysis program. A sentence-by-sentence account of the analysis of the sample text is presented, describing the syntactic and semantic processing which is involved. The paper closes with a discussion of lessons learned from the project, possible alternative approaches, and possible extensions for future work. The entire project is presented as illustrative of the nature and complexity of the text analysis process, rather than as providing definitive or optimal solutions to any aspects of the task. 12 references.

Teorías económicas de los mercaderes ingleses de la Restauración: destrucción, reconstrucción y análisis de su legado textual = English Restoration merchants' economic theories: deconstructing, reconstructing and analyzing their textual legacy

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Juan Lanero Fernández

2014-06-01

Full Text Available En el pensamiento económico, lo mismo que sucede en los logros científicos, nadie es un ser aislado e independiente. De ahí que la inmensa mayoría de los autores se inspiren en las obras de sus antecesores para la creación de las suyas. Los descubrimientos de una generación exponen la experiencia y el conocimiento de la precedente. En este estudio nos centramos en el legado textual de Sir Josiah Child. Child fue una figura destacada de su tiempo: hombre acaudalado, gobernador de la East India Company, testigo de excepción de las políticas gubernamentales y una figura controvertida de la escena política de finales del siglo XVII inglés. Podemos considerarlo un economista práctico. Con sus escritos podemos conocer muchos aspectos del escenario político que los produjo. Comparándolo con otros autores contemporáneos podemos conocer los factores que condujeron, con frecuencia de manera compleja, a la formulación de una ciencia económica.Este artículo presenta nuestro análisis de la carrera y de los textos de Child con el fin de poder identificar las fuentes de las teorías childeanas. Su Brief Observations Concerning Trade, and Interest of Money se convirtió en un clásico temprano de la literatura económica. Nuestro objeto es trocear este texto. Con mucha frecuencia, la destrucción es el prólogo necesario de la reconstrucción, objetivo último y principal de la deconstrucción del texto de este mercader-economista.In economic thought, no less than in scientific achievement, no man is an isolated being, and most writers lean heavily on their predecessors' writings in producing "new" works. The discoveries of one generation compound the experience and knowledge of those who have gone before. In the present study we are focusing on Sir Josiah Child's legacy.Child was a leading figure of his time: a wealthy man, governor of the East India Company, expert witness in the formulation of governmental policies, and a controversial

Contextualizando o léxico como objeto de estudo: considerações sobre sinonímia e referência Contextualizing lexis: on sinonymy and reference

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Solange Coelho VEREZA

2000-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir os conceitos de sinonímia e referência usados na semântica e na lingüística textual para verificar até que ponto esses conceitos remetem a uma possível interseção entre a noção de significado denotativo e significado textual. Serão feitas considerações acerca da função expressiva da referência, normalmente vista a partir de sua função referencial no âmbito do texto. Uma análise sucinta de exemplos de referência retirados de um texto servirá de ilustração para as questões aqui tratadas.The aim of this paper is to discuss the concepts of synonymy and reference as they are used in formal semantics and textual linguistics in order to verify the extent to which they may provide a link between the notions of denotative and textual meaning. The expressive function of reference, normally approached through its referencial role in the text, will also be discussed. A brief analysis of some examples of reference taken from a written text will illustrate some of the issues treated in the paper.

Methods of defining ontologies, word disambiguation methods, computer systems, and articles of manufacture

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Sanfilippo, Antonio P [Richland, WA; Tratz, Stephen C [Richland, WA; Gregory, Michelle L [Richland, WA; Chappell, Alan R [Seattle, WA; Whitney, Paul D [Richland, WA; Posse, Christian [Seattle, WA; Baddeley, Robert L [Richland, WA; Hohimer, Ryan E [West Richland, WA

2011-10-11

Methods of defining ontologies, word disambiguation methods, computer systems, and articles of manufacture are described according to some aspects. In one aspect, a word disambiguation method includes accessing textual content to be disambiguated, wherein the textual content comprises a plurality of words individually comprising a plurality of word senses, for an individual word of the textual content, identifying one of the word senses of the word as indicative of the meaning of the word in the textual content, for the individual word, selecting one of a plurality of event classes of a lexical database ontology using the identified word sense of the individual word, and for the individual word, associating the selected one of the event classes with the textual content to provide disambiguation of a meaning of the individual word in the textual content.

A Paediatrician Looks at Traditional Approaches to Emotional Development in Preschool and Primary Years. Foundation for Child and Youth Studies Selected Papers Number 46.

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Phillips, Susi Erika

This discussion of the emotional development of young children is structured upon Erik Erikson's schemata of psycho-social development. Stage 1, which involves trust versus mistrust, includes references to Erikson's theory and the work of Melanie Klein, Berry Brazelton, Stella Chess and Alexander Thomas, John Bowlby, Anthony Stevens, and D. W.…

Dictionaries and distributions: Combining expert knowledge and large scale textual data content analysis : Distributed dictionary representation.

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Garten, Justin; Hoover, Joe; Johnson, Kate M; Boghrati, Reihane; Iskiwitch, Carol; Dehghani, Morteza

2018-02-01

Theory-driven text analysis has made extensive use of psychological concept dictionaries, leading to a wide range of important results. These dictionaries have generally been applied through word count methods which have proven to be both simple and effective. In this paper, we introduce Distributed Dictionary Representations (DDR), a method that applies psychological dictionaries using semantic similarity rather than word counts. This allows for the measurement of the similarity between dictionaries and spans of text ranging from complete documents to individual words. We show how DDR enables dictionary authors to place greater emphasis on construct validity without sacrificing linguistic coverage. We further demonstrate the benefits of DDR on two real-world tasks and finally conduct an extensive study of the interaction between dictionary size and task performance. These studies allow us to examine how DDR and word count methods complement one another as tools for applying concept dictionaries and where each is best applied. Finally, we provide references to tools and resources to make this method both available and accessible to a broad psychological audience.

El pasaje del Pseudo-Fredegario sobre el Dux Francio de Cantabria y otros indicios de naturaleza textual y onomástica sobre presencia franca tardoantigua al sur de los Pirineos

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K. Larrañaga Elorza

2018-06-01

Full Text Available The surprising finds at Aldaieta (Alava and Buzaga (Navarre, that had revealed the presence - in the south of the Pyrenean range- of human comunities of - apparently- a strong military component and with elements of material civilization referring without doubt to a world with north-pirenean influences, have made the author wonder about the credibility of the famous and controversial text -that of Pseudo-Fredegario- which talked about a Cispyrenean enclave that paid taxes to the Merovingians Kings at around the end of the sixth century and/or beginning of the seventh century. A careful examination of the subject makes the author think that, in the light of the mentioned archaeological finds, wich in the said text war more schocking and gaudy bccomes now less incongruent or improbable, and that other set of onomast ical and textual hints, that were before left out due to the lack of hermeneutical references minimally acccptable, becomcs nowadays, in the light of these same finds, of a new intcrpretative dimension. enigmatic and upseting

Size Matters: Penis Size and Sexual Position in Gay Porn Profiles.

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Brennan, Joseph

2018-01-01

This article combines qualitative and quantitative textual approaches to the representation of penis size and sexual position of performers in 10 of the most visited gay pornography Web sites currently in operation. Specifically, in excess of 6,900 performer profiles sourced from 10 commercial Web sites are analyzed. Textual analysis of the profile descriptions is combined with a quantitative representation of disclosed penis size and sexual position, which is presented visually by two figures. The figures confirm that these sites generally market themselves as featuring penises that are extraordinarily large and find a sample-wide correlation between smaller penis sizes (5-6.5 inches) and receptive sexual acts (bottoming), and larger (8.5-13 inches) with penetrative acts (topping). These observations are supported through the qualitative textual readings of how the performers are described on these popular sites, revealing the narratives and marketing strategies that shape the construction of popular porn brands, performers, and profitable fantasies.

The Intercultural Component in Textbooks for Teaching a Service Technical Writing Course

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Matveeva, Natalia

2007-01-01

This research article investigates new developments in the representation of the intercultural component in textbooks for a service technical writing course. Through textual analysis, using quantitative and qualitative techniques, I report discourse analysis of 15 technical writing textbooks published during 1993-2006. The theoretical and…

Evolutionary Aesthetics and Print Advertising

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Kamil Luczaj

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The article analyzes the extent to which predictions based on the theory of evolutionary aesthetics are utilized by the advertising industry. The purpose of a comprehensive content analysis of print advertising is to determine whether the items indicated by evolutionists such as animals, flowers, certain types of landscapes, beautiful humans, and some colors are part of real advertising strategies. This article has shown that many evolutionary hypotheses (although not all of them are supported by empirical data. Along with these hypotheses, some inferences from Bourdieu’s cultural capital theory were tested. It turned out that advertising uses both biological schemata and cultural patterns to make an image more likable.

Power, command and violence in von Trier’s Manderlay. A political and philosophical analysis of pseudo-democracies.

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Sara Marino

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Alabama, 1933. A caravan of limousines carrying gangsters arrives in Manderlay, a small village where slavery still exists as an institution. Mam (Lauren Bacall rules the plantation assisted by her foreman Wilhelm (Danny Glover, a slave who believes his people are not ready for the responsibilities of freedom. Driving up to the gates of the plantation, Grace (Bryce Dallas Howard declares that the slaves must be informed how to enjoy freedom and thus becoming good citizens. Drawing on a textual and visual analysis of Manderlay, the article explores how democracy arises from the exercise of violence and power, as well as the inability of Western societies to deal with the dogma of difference.

Analysis of a narrative-report in the light of the Theory of Argumentation in Language

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Neiva Maria Tebaldi Gomes

2017-02-01

Full Text Available This article analyzes the construction of meanings of a narrative in the light of the theory of argumentation in language, proposed by Oswald Ducrot and Jean Anscombre. The object of analysis, the narrative "História de um olhar" [Story of a look] is one among 21 stories from "A vida que ninguém vê" [The life that nobody sees], a book by Eliane Brum, who a Brazilian journalist that has excelled in literary journalism. The analysis, which was conducted with the support of the theory of argumentation in language and, in parallel, with a view at textual syntax, revealed that the structure of the utterances, fragmented at the beginning of the narrative, is modified as the identity of the starring character is being resignified. A narrative whose syntax contributes to the definition of the meanings of the narrative then arises.

Data Analysis Project: Leveraging Massive Textual Corpora Using n-Gram Statistics

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2008-05-01

oysters cereals oatmeal, sorghum, Frosted Flakes, wheat , Cheerios, oats, maize, rye, millet, bran cities Chicago, Beijing, San Francisco, Los Angeles...Coolmax flatworms no extractions fruits apples, oranges, bananas, grapes, strawberries, peaches, mangoes, mango, peach, pineapple fungi email directories...incidents, leap years, renewals, monsoon, collaborators, HBO, Showtime, carrots, VAT, proposals organisms fungi , humans, algae, Coliform bacteria, E. coli

An Analysis of Textual Metafunction in Thai EFL Students' Writing

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Arunsirot, Sudrutai

2013-01-01

As teaching English as a foreign language, it has become obvious that an average Thai is considered to have very low English proficiency. As a result, Thailand may find herself at a disadvantage because of inferior English skills towards globalization and forming of ASEAN community. Thus, the study is devoted to the exploration of English writing…

Manufacturing consent?: Media messages in the mobilization against HIV/AIDS in India and lessons for health communication.

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Khan, Shamshad

2014-01-01

Despite repeated calls for a more critical and "culture-centered" approach to health communication, textual analysis of televised public service advertising (PSA) campaigns has been largely neglected, even by critical communication scholars. In the case of "developing" countries in particular, there is an acute shortage of such literature. On the other hand, following the outbreak of major public health diseases such as AIDS, most countries have adopted PSA campaigns as the most preferred means of communicating messages. Drawing on insights from cultural studies (especially Antonio Gramsci and Stuart Hall), this article engages in textual analysis of the televised PSA campaigns launched by the Indian state to prevent HIV/AIDS between 2002 and 2005. Through such analysis, it argues that although few diseases in Indian history have spurred such massive and creative efforts for mass mobilization as AIDS, these efforts, in terms of their ethical implications, have been far from emancipatory. In fact, they have constructed and perpetuated the logic of domination and control along class, gender, sexuality, and knowledge systems, often contradicting and potentially harming the very goal of HIV prevention and of health promotion and empowerment. This article also holds that assessing public health campaigns through textual analysis, a highly neglected tool in health communication, can shed important light on a far more complex and changing nature of the state and public policy, especially in the developing world, thereby opening up space for alternative theorizing for health communication and social change.

"JE SUIS UN COWBOY DU FAR WEST": UN ESTUDIO DEL MÉTISSAGE TEXTUAL EN LA NOVELA AUTOBIOGRÁFICA DE DJANET LACHMET 'LE COW-BAY' (1983

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Caroline Kelley

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Este ensayo explora el concepto del métissage –una clase de intertextualidad– tal y como ha sido teorizada por Françoise Lionnet (1989 a través de una lectura en profundidad de El Cow-boy (1983, una novela autobiográfica de Djanet Lachmet sobre la Revolución argelina (1954–1962. Lionnet (1989 describe el métissage como una trama textual de tradiciones que reintroducen las costumbres del Criollo oral y reevalúa los conceptos occidentales asumidos. El término enlaza cuidadosamente temas como raza, política, lectura y escritura. Descrita como una «Autobiografía», El Cow-boy de Lachmet es la historia de Lallia, una chica joven que crece durante el periodo de la lucha por la liberación argelina, durante los años 50 y 60. Elaboro conjuntamente una crítica del métissage y un estudio de su manifestación en la novela, y me pregunto si los relatos autobiográficos son -en este caso– una estratagema que proporciona espacios ambiguos de posibilidad en los cuales, un sujeto de una historia violenta y un agente del discurso, pueden relacionarse entre ellos; donde nuevas maneras de interacción entre lo personal y lo político pueden ser significativamente estudiados.

A mente incorporada no controle de processo contínuo: ação, cognição e comunicação na atividade de trabalho The embodied mind in the control of a continuous process: action, cognition, and communication in work activities

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Gilbert Cardoso Bouyer

2008-12-01

Full Text Available O principal objetivo deste artigo é analisar, em detalhe, a cognição como ação incorporada no controle de processo contínuo. O método de pesquisa é a análise ergonômica do trabalho. Os resultados mostram que os operadores não representam um mundo externo, mas pensam e agem de forma interdependente. O ponto chave neste texto é que, sem nada como uma representação interna, trabalhadores (operadores se engajam na atividade de trabalho numa coordenação sensório-motora em resposta para mudanças ambientais. Não há ruptura na experiência entre perceber, sentir e pensar. Esta pesquisa busca responder como os processos social e cultural são demandados para desenvolver esquemas-imagem e esquemas-incorporados, os quais podem realizar pensamento abstrato usando suas capacidades de percepção e resposta motora. Este trabalho postula que as expressões lingüísticas e os processos cognitivos de nível superior evidenciam padrões dinâmicos de experiência corporal recorrente denominados esquemas-imagem. Este trabalho afirma que estes padrões podem ser estendidos a estruturas de experiências não-tácita, não-física e não-visual.The main objective of this paper is to analyze, in detail, the embodied cognition as an incorporated action in a continuous process control. The method of research adopted was the ergonomic work analysis. The results show that the operators do not represent an external world, but instead they act think and act independently. The key point in this study is that lacking an internal representation the workers (operators engage in Sensory-Motor Activities in work practical activities in response to environmental changes. There is no rupture among the perceiving, feeling, and thinking experiences. This study aims at investigating how socio and cultural processes are demanded to develop image-schemata and embodied-schemata, which can lead to abstract thinking using perception skills and motor response. This work

The Eviction of the Human from Human Interest: The Case of Mechanically Generated Text and Textual Analysis

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Adrian Nathan West

2013-05-01

Full Text Available In recent years, automation has encroached upon “soft knowledge” fields long considered the exclusive preserve of human agents, particularly in the production and analysis of texts framed in natural language. Like most technological innovations, automation has been embraced with minimal skepticism: mainstream voices have assumed that new technologies, while changing the type of work available, will continue creating new jobs to replace those it renders obsolete, and harsh criticism has been confined mainly to the ideological fringes. There is reason to believe that this optimism is unjustified with respect to the automation of intellectual labor, which may prove to have pernicious consequences both for the market economy and for human values that yield only poorly to abstract calculation.

HPTA: High-Performance Text Analytics

OpenAIRE

Vandierendonck, Hans; Murphy, Karen; Arif, Mahwish; Nikolopoulos, Dimitrios S.

2017-01-01

One of the main targets of data analytics is unstructured data, which primarily involves textual data. High-performance processing of textual data is non-trivial. We present the HPTA library for high-performance text analytics. The library helps programmers to map textual data to a dense numeric representation, which can be handled more efficiently. HPTA encapsulates three performance optimizations: (i) efficient memory management for textual data, (ii) parallel computation on associative dat...

IELTS: Global Implications of Curriculum and Materials Design.

Science.gov (United States)

Wallace, Craig

1997-01-01

Questions the removal of a link between reading and writing tasks in the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) examinations on two grounds: that this removal is prejudicial to those students whose native cultures may not provide the appropriate schemata to effectively write; and that it is unrealistic in terms of the measurement of…

Document understanding for a broad class of documents

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Aiello, Marco; Monz, Christof; Todoran, Leon; Worring, Marcel

2002-01-01

We present a document analysis system able to assign logical labels and extract the reading order in a broad set of documents. All information sources, from geometric features and spatial relations to the textual features and content are employed in the analysis. To deal effectively with these

The explanatory power of Schema Theory: theoretical foundations and future applications in Ergonomics.

Science.gov (United States)

Plant, Katherine L; Stanton, Neville A

2013-01-01

Schema Theory is intuitively appealing although it has not always received positive press; critics of the approach argue that the concept is too ambiguous and vague and there are inherent difficulties associated with measuring schemata. As such, the term schema can be met with scepticism and wariness. The purpose of this paper is to address the criticisms that have been levelled at Schema Theory by demonstrating how Schema Theory has been utilised in Ergonomics research, particularly in the key areas of situation awareness, naturalistic decision making and error. The future of Schema Theory is also discussed in light of its potential roles as a unifying theory in Ergonomics and in contributing to our understanding of distributed cognition. We conclude that Schema Theory has made a positive contribution to Ergonomics and with continued refinement of methods to infer and represent schemata it is likely that this trend will continue. This paper reviews the contribution that Schema Theory has made to Ergonomics research. The criticisms of the theory are addressed using examples from the areas of situation awareness, decision making and error.

Metacognitive Online Reading Strategies among Pre-Service EFL Teachers in Indonesia

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Heri Mudra

2018-05-01

Full Text Available The study aimed to establish the metacognitive online reading strategies used by pre-service EFL teachers and to describe their experiences in employing the strategies. This mixed-methods study employed 65 participants (n = 65. The data were collected by using Online Survey of Reading Strategies (OSORS, as developed by Anderson (2003, and through a semi-structured interview. The findings showed that the subscale Global Reading Strategies (GLOB was employed most frequently, followed by Problem Solving Strategies (SOLV and then Support Strategies (SUPP. The most frequent levels of strategies included guessing the contents, scrolling through the texts, associating schemata and current information, using context clues, using tables or pictures, pausing and thinking about the contents, using printed texts, and translating the contents into Indonesian. The interview also reported that the strategies employed were focusing on simplified texts, focusing on colorful texts, translating texts into Indonesian, reading for fun, and utilizing schemata. In short, various strategies can be employed to comprehend and increase better understanding of the online texts.

Exploring Twitter communication dynamics with evolving community analysis

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Konstantinos Konstantinidis

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Online Social Networks (OSNs have been widely adopted as a means of news dissemination, event reporting, opinion expression and discussion. As a result, news and events are being constantly reported and discussed online through OSNs such as Twitter. However, the variety and scale of all the information renders manual analysis extremely cumbersome, and therefore creating a storyline for an event or news story is an effort-intensive task. The main challenge pertains to the magnitude of data to be analyzed. To this end, we propose a framework for ranking the resulting communities and their metadata on the basis of structural, contextual and evolutionary characteristics such as community centrality, textual entropy, persistence and stability. We apply the proposed framework on three Twitter datasets and demonstrate that the analysis that followed enables the extraction of new insights with respect to influential user accounts, topics of discussion and emerging trends. These insights could primarily assist the work of social and political analysis scientists and the work of journalists in their own story telling, but also highlight the limitations of existing analysis methods and pose new research questions. To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the ranking of dynamic communities. In addition, our findings suggest future work regarding the determination of the general context of the communities based on structure and evolutionary behavior alone.

Analysis of tutoring in Calculus and Physics: a case study in Engineering courses

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Jeronimo Becker Flores

2017-05-01

Full Text Available In this article, we analyzed the Calculus and Physics’ tutoring developed by a Higher Education Institution (HEI. The research consists of a qualitative approach of a type of case study. We began from the analytical reading of a theoretical basis which was relevant to the theme and then, we performed interviews with the professors responsible for the monitoring. The material was analyzed in the light of the Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA. As main results, we indicated that, in spite of the commonalities, there is no integrated work between Calculus and Physics subjects. In addition, we aimed the need of a reconciled pedagogical role among teachers, scholarship students and common ones. We also considered the need of future studies that reinforce and increase the discussions developed here.

Niels Bohr's complementarity its structure, history, and intersections with hermeneutics and deconstruction

CERN Document Server

Katsumori, Makoto

2011-01-01

Through detailed textual and conceptual analysis, and with special attention to the potentially conflicting elements of Bohr's thought, this volume's fresh approach analyzes the relations between realism and antirealism through the prism of complementarity.

Situaciones didácticas y comprensión textual en el orden del pensamiento inferencial a través del cuento en niños y niñas del grado 3° de la Institución Educativa Rosalía Mafla, del municipio de Jamundí

OpenAIRE

Díaz Viveros, Walter

2016-01-01

Este trabajo de investigación ha sido desarrollado desde la perspectiva del enfoque cualitativo con énfasis de intervención en el aula, y se orientó en torno al análisis de la teoría de las situaciones didácticas de Guy Brousseau para desarrollar la capacidad de la comprensión textual en el orden del pensamiento inferencial a través del cuento en niños y niñas del grado 3° de la Institución Educativa Rosa Lía Mafla, del municipio de Jamundí.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATED SYSTEM OF CONTROL OF KNOWLEDGE: LINGUISTIC SUBSYSTEM

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I. Katerynchuk

2010-08-01

Full Text Available A flowchart linguistic structure (morfological, syntactical, semantic and pragmatic analysis of sentences of the automated system of control of intellectual knowledge. The model of artificial intelligence recognition and evaluation of textual answers.

Why So Syrian? A Quantitative Bayesian Approach to the Perturbations of the Textual Flow in the Slavonic Recensions of the Pauline Epistles

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Basil Lourié

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Some “Oriental” impact on a very early recension of the Slavonic translation of the five Pauline epistles is demonstrated. The most natural interpretation of this fact is that the Greek originals used for the Slavonic translation were those widespread outside the borders of the ninth-century Byzantine Empire. Moreover, there are some traces of additional editing of the translations from Greek against some Syriac version(s, in the same manner as in roughly contemporaneous Melkite translations of the New Testament from Greek into Arabic. Both I (“Ancient” and II (“Preslav” recensions share the above features that, therefore, are to go back to their common archetype, that is, an even more “ancient” recension. Only the earliest Ethiopic version (EthGr shows an affinity with the Slavonic material comparable to that of the Syriac material. This fact must be interpreted as an affinity of the early Slavonic version with Greek recensions that were circulating before the seventh-century Arab invasion. The quantitative method proposed in this paper is dedicated to comparison of two competing hypotheses concerning the textual flow of a highly contaminated tradition. The method has the following preconditions and limitations: (1 the total number of possible hypotheses must be previously reduced to two: that a specific source of contamination existed or not; (2 in the present (simplest modification of the method, the hypothesis about the presence of a discussed source of contamination must additionally imply a high value of the signal-to-noise ratio (> 0.5, that is, that this hypothetical source, if it actually existed, was the major source of contaminations of a specific kind (defined above as “perturbations”.

El uso de la teoría de redes sociales en la representación y análisis de textos. De las redes semánticas al análisis de redes textuales

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JOAN MIQUEL VERD PERICÁS

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo revisa el conjunto de aproximaciones al análisis de textos que se han inspirado en la teoría de redes sociales. Estas aproximaciones se agrupan en torno a dos orientaciones principales: aquellas que buscan fundamentalmente la representación y análisis de las palabras presentes en un texto dejando en una posición secundaria el tipo de relación que las une, y aquellas que otorgan la misma importancia tanto a las palabras que conforman el texto como al tipo de relaciones que las vinculan y les dan sentido semántico. El primer tipo deaproximación, que se ha denominado análisis de redes de palabras, es el más extendido, y presenta algunos inconvenientes que el segundo tipo de análisis -que se ha denominado análisis de redes textuales- intenta resolver.

Knowledge Dictionary for Information Extraction on the Arabic Text Data

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Wahyu Jauharis Saputra

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Information extraction is an early stage of a process of textual data analysis. Information extraction is required to get information from textual data that can be used for process analysis, such as classification and categorization. A textual data is strongly influenced by the language. Arabic is gaining a significant attention in many studies because Arabic language is very different from others, and in contrast to other languages, tools and research on the Arabic language is still lacking. The information extracted using the knowledge dictionary is a concept of expression. A knowledge dictionary is usually constructed manually by an expert and this would take a long time and is specific to a problem only. This paper proposed a method for automatically building a knowledge dictionary. Dictionary knowledge is formed by classifying sentences having the same concept, assuming that they will have a high similarity value. The concept that has been extracted can be used as features for subsequent computational process such as classification or categorization. Dataset used in this paper was the Arabic text dataset. Extraction result was tested by using a decision tree classification engine and the highest precision value obtained was 71.0% while the highest recall value was 75.0%. 

Thematic Analysis of Medical Notes Offers Preliminary Insight into Precipitants for Asian Suicide Attempters: An Exploratory Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Choo, Carol C; Ho, Roger C; Burton, André A D

2018-04-20

One important dynamic risk factor for suicide assessment includes suicide precipitant. This exploratory study used a qualitative paradigm to look into the themes surrounding precipitants for suicide attempts in Singapore. Medical records related to suicide attempters who were admitted to the emergency department of a large teaching hospital in Singapore over a three year period were subjected to analysis. A total of 666 cases were examined (69.2% females; 63.8% Chinese, 15% Malays, 15.8% Indians), ages ranged from 10 years old to 85 years old (Mean = 29.7, Standard Deviation = 16.1). The thematic analysis process that was applied to the textual data elicited key concepts labelled as Relationship issues, Financial strain, Socio-legal-academic—environmental stress, and Physical and mental illness and pain. Interpreted with other recent local research on suicide attempters in Singapore, the findings have implications for informing suicide interventions.

Thematic Analysis of Medical Notes Offers Preliminary Insight into Precipitants for Asian Suicide Attempters: An Exploratory Study

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Carol C. Choo

2018-04-01

Full Text Available One important dynamic risk factor for suicide assessment includes suicide precipitant. This exploratory study used a qualitative paradigm to look into the themes surrounding precipitants for suicide attempts in Singapore. Medical records related to suicide attempters who were admitted to the emergency department of a large teaching hospital in Singapore over a three year period were subjected to analysis. A total of 666 cases were examined (69.2% females; 63.8% Chinese, 15% Malays, 15.8% Indians, ages ranged from 10 years old to 85 years old (Mean = 29.7, Standard Deviation = 16.1. The thematic analysis process that was applied to the textual data elicited key concepts labelled as Relationship issues, Financial strain, Socio-legal-academic—environmental stress, and Physical and mental illness and pain. Interpreted with other recent local research on suicide attempters in Singapore, the findings have implications for informing suicide interventions.

Combining textual and non-textual features for e-mail importance estimation

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sappelli, M.; Verberne, S.; Kraaij, W.

2013-01-01

In this work, we present a binary classification problem in which we aim to identify those email messages that the receiver will reply to. The future goal is to develop a tool that informs a knowledge worker which emails are likely to need a reply. The Enron corpus was used to extract training

European Integration and Postcolonial Sovereignty Games

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

observation, textual, legal and institutional analysis for a new theoretical approach to understanding the strategic possibilities and subjectivity of non-sovereign entities in international politics. Bringing together research on European integration and postcolonial theory, European Integration...

Philology as curatorship: The Pessoa affair

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Pedro Tiago Ferreira

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The argument presented throughout this essay is that philology is textual curatorship. “To curate” means “to administer someone else’s assets”; to edit a text is an activity according to which the textual critic administers someone else’s text, which is that author’s asset; therefore, the textual critic is a textual curator. There are two difficulties which this assertion raises, which can be formulated as follows: how can an incorporeal asset be administered? How can one administer texts whose characteristics are similar to those which make up Fernando Pessoa’s work? These texts are incomplete because they were left unfinished, not because portions of them have been lost. When this occurs, it is necessary to understand that besides being a textual curator, the textual critic becomes a sui generis co-author as well, as the critic assumes the responsibility of making decisions which are typically made by authors of literary works.

Análisis textual y representación de eventos sociales: una mirada a dos documentos de política educativa colombiana desde el análisis crítico del discurso*

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Doris Adriana Santos Caicedo

2008-12-01

Full Text Available A partir de una propuesta de trabajo en Fairclough (2003 para el análisis textual en la investigación social, se llevó a cabo el análisis de dos decretos promulgados por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia en la etapa de contextualización de un estudio etnográfico crítico sobre las experiencias subjetivas acerca de la autonomía en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de un grupo de estudiantes, profesores y directivos universitarios colombianos. Se analizaron las escogencias léxicas para la representación de los actores y procesos sociales involucrados en estos decretos, así como el grado de abstracción o especificación de tales escogencias, entre otros aspectos. Algunos de los hallazgos se refieren a la ausencia del maestro (exclusión en el discurso por supresión así como la ratificación del estudiante como objeto y no sujeto de las acciones en el proceso educativo (predominio de la nominalización.

Implicit Schemata and Categories in Memory-Based Language Processing

Science.gov (United States)

van den Bosch, Antal; Daelemans, Walter

2013-01-01

Memory-based language processing (MBLP) is an approach to language processing based on exemplar storage during learning and analogical reasoning during processing. From a cognitive perspective, the approach is attractive as a model for human language processing because it does not make any assumptions about the way abstractions are shaped, nor any…

Paranoid Schizophrenia: Assessing the Validity of the Diagnostic Schemata.

Science.gov (United States)

Dobbs, James Mark

This paper is concerned with changes which have been proposed in the major current diagnostic system regarding paranoid schizophrenia. It is noted that the proposed changes to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) would remove paranoia as a schizophrenic subtype and institute a spectrum description of…

Annotating Document Changes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Spadini, E.

2015-01-01

Textual scholars use the collation for creating critical and genetic editions, or for studying textual transmission. Collation tools allow to compare the sources and detect the presence of textual variation; but they do not take into account the kind of variation involved. In this paper, we aim at

Métodos de análisis de las verbalizaciones: una contribución del análisis textual y análisis conceptual mediante el uso de software

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Eduardo Escalante Gómez

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Para los investigadores en ciencias humanas y ciencias sociales, el análisis e interpretación conceptual de los textos constituye una etapa importante de sus indagaciones científicas. El investigador en algún momento de la investigación se enfrenta a la interpretación conceptual de los textos.El análisis de textos asistido por computadoras es un método que ayuda al análisis interpretativo de un concepto en un corpus textual, producido por un individuo o un grupo. La finalidad de este tipo de análisis es descubrir el repertorio semántico y categorial asociado con un determinado concepto, con segmentos de texto y con el corpus total.Este tipo de análisis se funda en diferentes fuentes disciplinarias: lingüística,teorías de la enunciación y del discurso, análisis cualitativo y análisis estadístico.En el contexto de este escrito, se define el análisis conceptual como un método interpretativo para la exploración sistemática de las propiedades semánticas y de los elementos indiferenciados ensamblados en un texto o un discurso (Meunier, 1998; Brandom, 1994.

Eugenics in Education: Apologetics for Oppression

Science.gov (United States)

Hartlep, Nicholas D.

2008-01-01

For many people an esoteric educational topic is eugenics. This brief text analysis will provide a textual as well as contextual analysis of Dr. Ann Gibson Winfield's book (2007) Eugenics and Education in America: Institutionalized Racism and the Implications of History, Ideology, and Memory. Winfield objectively critiques eugenic apologetics.…

The Naivasha Language Policy: The Language of Politics and the Politics of Language in the Sudan

Science.gov (United States)

Abdelhay, Ashraf Kamal; Makoni, Busi; Makoni, Sinfree Bullock

2011-01-01

This article provides a textual analysis of the Naivasha language provisions in Sudan in an attempt to explore how political discourse is manifested in each policy statement. Using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as an analytic and interpretive framework, the article argues that the Naivasha language provisions as political discourse are shaped…

A Note on the Analysis of Two Early Rājasthānī Dādūpanthī Manuscripts

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Strnad, Jaroslav

2016-01-01

Roč. 70, č. 2 (2016), s. 545-569 ISSN 2235-5871 Institutional support: RVO:68378009 Keywords : Rājasthān * medieval manuscripts * textual criticism * Dādūpanth * Kabīr Subject RIV: AJ - Letters, Mass-media, Audiovision

A Learning Log Analysis of an English-Reading e-Book System Combined with a Guidance Mechanism

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, Ting-Ting

2016-01-01

Learning English by reading articles on multimedia e-book devices can assist students in improving their vocabulary and in understanding the associations among vocabulary, textual meaning, and paragraph composition. Adaptive integration of reading technologies and strategies not only strengthens their language ability and reading comprehension,…

Bones, body parts, and sex appeal: An analysis of #thinspiration images on popular social media.

Science.gov (United States)

Ghaznavi, Jannath; Taylor, Laramie D

2015-06-01

The present study extends research on thinspiration images, visual and/or textual images intended to inspire weight loss, from pro-eating disorder websites to popular photo-sharing social media websites. The article reports on a systematic content analysis of thinspiration images (N=300) on Twitter and Pinterest. Images tended to be sexually suggestive and objectifying with a focus on ultra-thin, bony, scantily-clad women. Results indicated that particular social media channels and labels (i.e., tags) were characterized by more segmented, bony content and greater social endorsement compared to others. In light of theories of media influence, results offer insight into the potentially harmful effects of exposure to sexually suggestive and objectifying content in large online communities on body image, quality of life, and mental health. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

INTERTEXTUALITY AND COHERENCE IN A CHRONICLE OF JOÃO UBALDO RIBEIRO: APPROACHES IN READING COMPREHENSION

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Carlos Alberto Pasero

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this paper is to discuss, from an educational point of view, taking as a starting point the analysis of a literary chronicle of an argumentative character in the Portuguese language in its Brazilian variant, the parameters of textuality (BEAUGRANDE; DRESSLER, 1997 as access roads into the text that contribute to the construction of meaning, and the use of some mechanisms of textualization (BRONCKART, 1996, DUARTE, 2003. With few textual organizers or connectors, the coherence (thematic and pragmatic of the chronicle analyzed (“Questões gramaticais”, by João Ubaldo Ribeiro is determined by the shape of the text and its thematic unity, which is generated by a critical discourse based on intertextual and intergender marks which appeal, from a pragmatic consideration, to the encyclopedia of the reader. The objective is to contribute, in the field of the Portuguese language teaching in its mode of reading comprehension, to the development of interactive tasks that allow a dynamic and contextualized approach to the text from the alluded perspective, based on the resources available in the electronic media.

[Ttextual research of Cannabis sativa varieties and medicinal part].

Science.gov (United States)

Wei, Yingfang; Wang, Huadong; Guo, Shanshan; Yan, Jie; Long, Fei

2010-07-01

To determine the medicinal part and varieties of Cannabis Sativa through herbal textual research to Provide bibliographic reference for clinical application. Herbal textual research of C. Sativa from ancient herbal works and modern data analysis. Through the herbal textual research, the plant of the C. sativa, for Fructus Cannabis used now is identical with that described in ancient herbal literatures. People did not make a sharp distinction on medicinal part of C. sativa in the early stage literatures, female inflorescence and unripe fruit, fruit and kernel of seed were all used. Since Taohongjing realized the toxicity ofpericarp, all the herbal and prescription works indicate that the pericarp shall be removed before usage and only the kernel can be used. However, in modem literatures, both fruit and kernel can be used as medicinal part. The plants for Fructus Cannabis described in modern and ancient literatures are identical. The base of the original plant is the same either in ancient or modern. And the toxicity of the fruit is more than that of the kernel. The kernel is the exact medicinal part of C. Sativa.

“It feels like there are hooks inside my chest”:

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bálint, Katalin; Tan, Ed

2015-01-01

Narrative absorption is a spontaneous temporary change in the state of consciousness due to an exceptionally intense awareness of a fictional narrative. This article investigates the experiential level of narrative absorption, namely what it is like to be absorbed in a cinematic or printed narrat...... of the thematic analysis were examined for this research. The Centre-Periphery, Container, and the Source-Path-Goal schemas provide deeper insight into the nature and structure of recurring embodied patterns of absorption with fictional narratives....... to represent the content of viewers' and readers' consciousness so as to identify relevant mental schemata of absorbed narrative experiences. To generate rich descriptions of narrative absorption an interview study was conducted. The interviews qualitatively employing the image schemas as the system...

America, you are digging your grave with your spoon--should the FDA tell you that on food labels?

Science.gov (United States)

Card, Melissa M

2013-01-01

R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. v. Food & Drug Admin. discussed whether the FDA's promulgation of graphic images violated tobacco companies' First Amendment rights. While the tobacco companies contested the graphic images, the tobacco companies did not contest the promulgation of nine textual statements about the adverse effects of cigarettes. This uncontested mandate opens a door for the FDA to further expand its regulatory scheme. If the FDA can mandate textual statements about the adverse effects of cigarettes, can the FDA mandate textual statements about the adverse effects of sugar to combat the obesity crisis? This Article presents three textual statements about the adverse effects of sugar, to define the line between acceptable and unacceptable forms of compelled commercial speech under Central Hudson. Establishing this line ensures that the commercial speech doctrine does not deny the FDA from its authority to provide consumers with accurate information. While three textual statements are presented, this Article advocates that one of the textual statements is likely to serve as the best solution to the obesity crisis. The chosen textual statement serves as an effective solution because it presents meaningful information to the consumers enabling consumers to make healthful decisions about their food and encourages manufacturers to modify their products.

Generalización a Rn de algunos métodos de interpolación conocidos en ecuaciones diferenciales

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Vernor Arguedas Troyo

2009-02-01

Full Text Available We present the Runge-Kutta methods of several one-step levels in Rn , as well as algorithms in pseudo-code for the implicit and explicit methods. We study the problem of error control in Rn and we give numerical examples in tables or parameter schemata. Keywords: n-dimensional runge-Katta methods, explicit and implicit methods, interpolation, pseudo-algorithms, parametric schema.

Neural modeling of prefrontal executive function

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Levine, D.S. [Univ. of Texas, Arlington, TX (United States)

1996-12-31

Brain executive function is based in a distributed system whereby prefrontal cortex is interconnected with other cortical. and subcortical loci. Executive function is divided roughly into three interacting parts: affective guidance of responses; linkage among working memory representations; and forming complex behavioral schemata. Neural network models of each of these parts are reviewed and fit into a preliminary theoretical framework.

Artistic misunderstandings: The emotional significance of historical learning in the arts.

Science.gov (United States)

Bullot, Nicolas J; Reber, Rolf

2017-01-01

The Distancing-Embracing model does not have the conceptual resources to explain artistic misunderstandings and the emotional consequences of historical learning in the arts. Specifically, it suggests implausible predictions about emotional distancing caused by art schemata (e.g., misunderstandings of artistic intentions and contexts). These problems show the need for further inquiries into how historical contextualization modulates negative emotions in the arts.

A new multidimensional model with text dimensions: definition and implementation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

MariaJ. Martin-Bautista

2013-02-01

Full Text Available We present a new multidimensional model with textual dimensions based on a knowledge structure extracted from the texts, where any textual attribute in a database can be processed, and not only XML texts. This dimension allows to treat the textual data in the same way as the non-textual one in an automatic way, without user's intervention, so all the classical operations in the multidimensional model can been defined for this textual dimension. While most of the models dealing with texts that can be found in the literature are not implemented, in this proposal, the multidimensional model and the OLAP system have been implemented in a software tool, so it can be tested on real data. A case study with medical data is included in this work.

An iterative approach to case study analysis: insights from qualitative analysis of quantitative inconsistencies

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Allain J Barnett

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Large-N comparative studies have helped common pool resource scholars gain general insights into the factors that influence collective action and governance outcomes. However, these studies are often limited by missing data, and suffer from the methodological limitation that important information is lost when we reduce textual information to quantitative data. This study was motivated by nine case studies that appeared to be inconsistent with the expectation that the presence of Ostrom’s Design Principles increases the likelihood of successful common pool resource governance. These cases highlight the limitations of coding and analysing Large-N case studies. We examine two issues: 1 the challenge of missing data and 2 potential approaches that rely on context (which is often lost in the coding process to address inconsistencies between empirical observations theoretical predictions.  For the latter, we conduct a post-hoc qualitative analysis of a large-N comparative study to explore 2 types of inconsistencies: 1 cases where evidence for nearly all design principles was found, but available evidence led to the assessment that the CPR system was unsuccessful and 2 cases where the CPR system was deemed successful despite finding limited or no evidence for design principles.  We describe inherent challenges to large-N comparative analysis to coding complex and dynamically changing common pool resource systems for the presence or absence of design principles and the determination of “success”.  Finally, we illustrate how, in some cases, our qualitative analysis revealed that the identity of absent design principles explained inconsistencies hence de-facto reconciling such apparent inconsistencies with theoretical predictions.  This analysis demonstrates the value of combining quantitative and qualitative analysis, and using mixed-methods approaches iteratively to build comprehensive methodological and theoretical approaches to understanding

Analysis of teacher relations with teaching in classroom with prospects to be inclusive.

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Angela Meneghello Passos

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This article presents a proposal for the analysis of teaching relationships in the classroom with prospects of being inclusive, having as theoretical support an instrument called 3x3 matrix. This matrix enables us to understand the actions of the teacher in the classroom based on the relationship with knowledge, teaching and learning in epistemic, personal and social dimensions. The main question that guided this research was: What teacher relationships is possible to see in a classroom with prospects of being inclusive? The methodological procedures were based on discursive textual analysis. Among other, results provided by this research are: the evidence that there is an increase in teaching tasks in the classroom with prospects to be inclusive; the need to expand the 3x3 matrix to accommodate the new teacher relations; and that the presence of the student with disabilities changes the classroom setting and stimulates the concern of the teacher with learning leading him to pay attention to the social dimension of the relationship with knowledge.

Legal genres in English and Spanish: some attempts of analysis

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Mª Ángeles Orts Llopis

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Understanding the differences and subtleties between the legal communication of the English-speaking world, and the Continental law countries –and, more specifically, Spain- has become a necessary practice in the global context. For the most part, it involves unravelling the differences and concomitances between the array of legal genres produced by the professionals of the specialist communities within these two traditions (i.e., Common Law and Continental Law. This paper attempts an analysis in layers –generic or pragmatic, textual or cognitive, and formal or superficial– of two types of genre within the domain of public and private law, namely delegated legislation and tenancy agreements or leases, the study of which has been seldom attempted, despite the customary presence of these instruments in the legal routine. The result of such analysis will, hopefully, cast some light on the way these communities interact within themselves and with the rest of the world, providing new clues to tackle the application of those genres and making it possible to draw new conclusions about the way in which linguistic interaction takes place in the context of these specialist communities in English and Spanish.

Contesting nonfiction: Fourth graders making sense of words and images in science information book discussions

Science.gov (United States)

Belfatti, Monica A.

Recently developed common core standards echo calls by educators for ensuring that upper elementary students become proficient readers of informational texts. Informational texts have been theorized as causing difficulty for students because they contain linguistic and visual features different from more familiar narrative genres (Lemke, 2004). It has been argued that learning to read informational texts, particularly those with science subject matter, requires making sense of words, images, and the relationships among them (Pappas, 2006). Yet, conspicuously absent in the research are empirical studies documenting ways students make use of textual resources to build textual and conceptual understandings during classroom literacy instruction. This 10-month practitioner research study was designed to investigate the ways a group of ethnically and linguistically diverse fourth graders in one metropolitan school made sense of science information books during dialogically organized literature discussions. In this nontraditional instructional context, I wondered whether and how young students might make use of science informational text features, both words and images, in the midst of collaborative textual and conceptual inquiry. Drawing on methods of constructivist grounded theory and classroom discourse analysis, I analyzed student and teacher talk in 25 discussions of earth and life science books. Digital voice recordings and transcriptions served as the main data sources for this study. I found that, without teacher prompts or mandates to do so, fourth graders raised a wide range of textual and conceptual inquiries about words, images, scientific figures, and phenomena. In addition, my analysis yielded a typology of ways students constructed relationships between words and images within and across page openings of the information books read for their sense-making endeavors. The diversity of constructed word-image relationships aided students in raising, exploring

Predicting Academic Performance Based on Students' Blog and Microblog Posts

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dascalu, Mihai; Popescu, Elvira; Becheru, Alexandru; Crossley, Scott; Trausan-Matu, Stefan

2016-01-01

This study investigates the degree to which textual complexity indices applied on students’ online contributions, corroborated with a longitudinal analysis performed on their weekly posts, predict academic performance. The source of student writing consists of blog and microblog posts, created in

Performing Digital Literature

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Jerome Fletcher

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Digital literature is a complex assemblage of related elements –material, spatial, linguistic, performative, textual, cultural, social– each of which is at one time interdependent and detached. This article discusses the literary creation within the cyberculture from the performativity point of view in relation to the textual apparatus. This is done through the analysis of a selection of performances where physical corporeality has a collaborative function with the body to a greater or lesser degree. Therefore, this physical feature can not only change, but stand at three possible and hybridizable axes: 1 the digital text as protagonist, 2 the digital text as counterpart, and 3 the digital text as site.

Secondary Analysis of Audio Data. Technical Procedures for Virtual Anonymization and Pseudonymization

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Henning Pätzold

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Qualitative material presented as audio data requires a greater degree of protecting of anonymity than for example textual data. Apart from the verbal content, it carries paraverbal aspects including voice characteristics, thus making it easier to identify the speaker. This complicates secondary analysis or reanalysis conducted by researchers who were not involved in the data collection. Difficulties increase if the chances are high that the researcher and the interviewee come in contact for example through a meeting. This paper describes the technical procedures that are used to modify the sound of the audio source in a way that it reduces the possibility of recognition (i.e. similar to that of a carefully written transcript. A discussion of the technical possibilities of this procedure along with an exploration of the boundaries of anonymization is presented. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0501249

Predicting judicial decisions of the European Court of Human Rights: a Natural Language Processing perspective

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Nikolaos Aletras

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Recent advances in Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning provide us with the tools to build predictive models that can be used to unveil patterns driving judicial decisions. This can be useful, for both lawyers and judges, as an assisting tool to rapidly identify cases and extract patterns which lead to certain decisions. This paper presents the first systematic study on predicting the outcome of cases tried by the European Court of Human Rights based solely on textual content. We formulate a binary classification task where the input of our classifiers is the textual content extracted from a case and the target output is the actual judgment as to whether there has been a violation of an article of the convention of human rights. Textual information is represented using contiguous word sequences, i.e., N-grams, and topics. Our models can predict the court’s decisions with a strong accuracy (79% on average. Our empirical analysis indicates that the formal facts of a case are the most important predictive factor. This is consistent with the theory of legal realism suggesting that judicial decision-making is significantly affected by the stimulus of the facts. We also observe that the topical content of a case is another important feature in this classification task and explore this relationship further by conducting a qualitative analysis.

Learning patterns of life from intelligence analyst chat

Science.gov (United States)

Schneider, Michael K.; Alford, Mark; Babko-Malaya, Olga; Blasch, Erik; Chen, Lingji; Crespi, Valentino; HandUber, Jason; Haney, Phil; Nagy, Jim; Richman, Mike; Von Pless, Gregory; Zhu, Howie; Rhodes, Bradley J.

2016-05-01

Our Multi-INT Data Association Tool (MIDAT) learns patterns of life (POL) of a geographical area from video analyst observations called out in textual reporting. Typical approaches to learning POLs from video make use of computer vision algorithms to extract locations in space and time of various activities. Such approaches are subject to the detection and tracking performance of the video processing algorithms. Numerous examples of human analysts monitoring live video streams annotating or "calling out" relevant entities and activities exist, such as security analysis, crime-scene forensics, news reports, and sports commentary. This user description typically corresponds with textual capture, such as chat. Although the purpose of these text products is primarily to describe events as they happen, organizations typically archive the reports for extended periods. This archive provides a basis to build POLs. Such POLs are useful for diagnosis to assess activities in an area based on historical context, and for consumers of products, who gain an understanding of historical patterns. MIDAT combines natural language processing, multi-hypothesis tracking, and Multi-INT Activity Pattern Learning and Exploitation (MAPLE) technologies in an end-to-end lab prototype that processes textual products produced by video analysts, infers POLs, and highlights anomalies relative to those POLs with links to "tracks" of related activities performed by the same entity. MIDAT technologies perform well, achieving, for example, a 90% F1-value on extracting activities from the textual reports.

Not strange but not true: self-reported interest in a topic increases false memory.

Science.gov (United States)

O'Connell, Anthony; Greene, Ciara M

2017-09-01

People are more likely to recall both true and false information that is consistent with their pre-existing stereotypes, schemata and desires. In addition, experts in a particular field are more likely to experience false memory in relation to their area of expertise. Here, we investigate whether level of interest, as distinct from level of knowledge, and in the absence of self-professed expertise, is associated with increased false memory. 489 participants were asked to rank 7 topics from most to least interesting. They were then asked if they remembered the events described in four news items related to the topic they selected as the most interesting and four items related to the topic selected as least interesting. In each case, three of the events depicted had really happened and one was fictional. A high level of interest in a topic increased true memories for the topic and doubled the frequency of false memories, even after controlling for level of knowledge. We interpret the results in the context of the source-monitoring framework and suggest that false memories arise as a result of interference from existing information stored in domain-related schemata.

A Generative Approach for Building Database Federations

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Uwe Hohenstein

1999-11-01

Full Text Available A comprehensive, specification-based approach for building database federations is introduced that supports an integrated ODMG2.0 conforming access to heterogeneous data sources seamlessly done in C++. The approach is centered around several generators. A first set of generators produce ODMG adapters for local sources in order to homogenize them. Each adapter represents an ODMG view and supports the ODMG manipulation and querying. The adapters can be plugged into a federation framework. Another generator produces an homogeneous and uniform view by putting an ODMG conforming federation layer on top of the adapters. Input to these generators are schema specifications. Schemata are defined in corresponding specification languages. There are languages to homogenize relational and object-oriented databases, as well as ordinary file systems. Any specification defines an ODMG schema and relates it to an existing data source. An integration language is then used to integrate the schemata and to build system-spanning federated views thereupon. The generative nature provides flexibility with respect to schema modification of component databases. Any time a schema changes, only the specification has to be adopted; new adapters are generated automatically

Science Textbooks' Use of Graphical Representation: A Descriptive Analysis of Four Sixth Grade Science Texts

Science.gov (United States)

Slough, Scott W.; McTigue, Erin M.; Kim, Suyeon; Jennings, Susan K.

2010-01-01

Middle school teachers tend to rely heavily on texts that have become increasing more visual. There is little information available about the graphical demands of general middle grades' science texts. The purpose of this study was to quantify the type and quality of the graphical representations and how they interacted with the textual material in…

Activist Literacies: An Analysis of the Literacy Practices of a School-Based Human Rights Club

Science.gov (United States)

Collin, Ross

2012-01-01

In this article, I examine the literacy practices of a high school-based human rights club. I investigate how the group engages in certain kinds of textual production to sponsor and arrange advisory sessions (school-wide meetings between teachers and small groups of students). More specifically, I consider how the club adapts school genres to…

"Je n'aimais pas ce public..." Une pratique active du texte litteraire ("I Didn't Like This Public..." An Active Exercise with the Literary Text).

Science.gov (United States)

Dell'Utri, Salvatore

1990-01-01

A series of French language classroom exercises to be used over four class sessions applies principles of semiotics to literary textual analysis. The session themes include decoding and interpreting, reconstructing meaning, sociocultural connotations in the text, and sense of time and space. (MSE)

The Intelligent Management System: An Overview.

Science.gov (United States)

1982-12-07

comprises of hundreds of subprocesses concerned with bulb grasping, positioning, heating, cooling, etc. Each is sequentially related with others in time...activity. Activity schemata can be constructed into a network to define both parallel and sequential precedence, and hierarchical to describe...The flow of work is controlled by the "operation- lineup " associated with the product being manufactured. The operation- lineup specifies the sequence of

Applying big data technologies in the financial sector – using sentiment analysis to identify correlations in the stock market

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Eszter Katalin Bognár

2016-06-01

Full Text Available The aim of this article is to introduce a system that is capable of collecting and analyzing different types of financial data to support traders in their decision - making. Oracle’s Big Data platform Oracle Advanced Analytics was utilized, which extends the Oracle Database with Oracle R, thus providing the opportunity to run embedded R scripts on the database server to speed up data processing. The extract, transform and load (ETL process was combined with a dictionary - based sentiment analysis module to examine cross - correlation and causality between numerical and textual financial data for a 10 week period. A notable correlation (0.42 was found between daily news sentiment scores and daily stock returns. By applying cross - correlation analysis and Granger causality testing, the results show that the news’ impact is incorporated into stock prices rapidly, having the highest correlation on the first day, while the returns’ impact on market sentiment is seen only after a few days.

Spatial History e humanidades digitais, uma entrevista com o brasilianista Zephyr Frank

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FREDERICO FREITAS

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Resumo: Entrevista com Zephyr Frank, diretor do Spatial History Project (Projeto de História Espacial e do Center for Spatial and Textual Analysis (Centro de Análise Espacial e Textual da Universidade Stanford, nos Estados Unidos, sobre spatial history e outras linhas de pesquisa englobadas sob o rótulo das humanidades digitais. A discussão toca o tema do uso de novos métodos digitais como o SIG histórico, a leitura à distância e a análise de redes sociais na pesquisa em humanidades, questionando os limites e as possibilidades de tais ferramentas. Por fim, discute-se sobre o investimento institucional e financeiro necessário para a implementação dessas novas tecnologias de pesquisa.Palavras-chave: Spatial History – Humanidades Digitais – Redes Sociais – Leitura à Distância. Abstract: An interview with Zephyr Frank, director of both the Spatial History Project and the Center for Spatial and Textual Analysis at Stanford University, on spatial history and other lines of research encompassed by the digital humanities label. The discussion touches on the new digital methods of research like historical GIS, distant reading, and social network analysis, which are becoming more common among humanists. It also questions the possibilities and limits of such tools. Finally, it presents a brief discussion on the institutional and financial resources needed for implementing those new research technologies.Keywords: Spatial History – Digital Humanities – Social Networks – Distant Reading.

A proposal for a drug information database and text templates for generating package inserts

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Okuya R

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Ryo Okuya,1 Masaomi Kimura,2 Michiko Ohkura,2 Fumito Tsuchiya3 1Graduate School of Engineering and Science, 2Faculty of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 3School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan Abstract: To prevent prescription errors caused by information systems, a database to store complete and accurate drug information in a user-friendly format is needed. In previous studies, the primary method for obtaining data stored in a database is to extract drug information from package inserts by employing pattern matching or more sophisticated methods such as text mining. However, it is difficult to obtain a complete database because there is no strict rule concerning expressions used to describe drug information in package inserts. The authors' strategy was to first build a database and then automatically generate package inserts by embedding data in the database using templates. To create this database, the support of pharmaceutical companies to input accurate data is required. It is expected that this system will work, because these companies can earn merit for newly developed drugs to decrease the effort to create package inserts from scratch. This study designed the table schemata for the database and text templates to generate the package inserts. To handle the variety of drug-specific information in the package inserts, this information in drug composition descriptions was replaced with labels and the replacement descriptions utilizing cluster analysis were analyzed. To improve the method by which frequently repeated ingredient information and/or supplementary information are stored, the method was modified by introducing repeat tags in the templates to indicate repetition and improving the insertion of data into the database. The validity of this method was confirmed by inputting the drug information described in existing package inserts and checking that the method could

VISPA - Visual Physics Analysis on Linux, Mac OS X and Windows

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brodski, M.; Erdmann, M.; Fischer, R.; Hinzmann, A.; Klimkovich, T.; Mueller, G.; Muenzer, T.; Steggemann, J.; Winchen, T.

2009-01-01

Modern physics analysis is an iterative task consisting of prototyping, executing and verifying the analysis procedure. For supporting scientists in each step of this process, we developed VISPA: a toolkit based on graphical and textual elements for visual physics analysis. Unlike many other analysis frameworks VISPA runs on Linux, Windows and Mac OS X. VISPA can be used in any experiment with serial data flow. In particular, VISPA can be connected to any high energy physics experiment. Furthermore, datatypes for the usage in astroparticle physics have recently been successfully included. An analysis on the data is performed in several steps, each represented by an individual module. While modules e.g. for file input and output are already provided, additional modules can be written by the user with C++ or the Python language. From individual modules, the analysis is designed by graphical connections representing the data flow. This modular concept assists the user in fast prototyping of the analysis and improves the reusability of written source code. The execution of the analysis can be performed directly from the GUI, or on any supported computer in batch mode. Therefore the analysis can be transported from the laptop to other machines. The recently improved GUI of VISPA is based on a plug-in mechanism. Besides components for the development and execution of physics analysis, additional plug-ins are available for the visualization of e.g. the structure of high energy physics events or the properties of cosmic rays in an astroparticle physics analysis. Furthermore plug-ins have been developed to display and edit configuration files of individual experiments from within the VISPA GUI. (author)

The "Youth Lens": Analyzing Adolescence/ts in Literary Texts

Science.gov (United States)

Petrone, Robert; Sarigianides, Sophia Tatiana; Lewis, Mark A.

2014-01-01

Drawing from interdisciplinary scholarship that re-conceptualizes adolescence as a cultural construct, this article introduces a "Youth Lens." A "Youth Lens" comprises an approach to textual analysis that examines how ideas about adolescence and youth get formed, circulated, critiqued, and revised. Focused specifically on its…

How to evaluate multichannel communication packages: a case study on mortgage information

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Herijgers, M.L.C.; Pander Maat, H.L.W.

2015-01-01

Complex decision-making is often supported not by single messages but by multichannel communication packages that need to be evaluated in their own right. The purpose of this paper is to present a new analytic approach to this package evaluation task combining textual analysis, functionalanalysis

Contenitori neoassiri: studi per un repertorio lessicale

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gaspa, Salvatore

-Babylonian dialect, and 3) the literary dialect known as “Standard Babylonian”. Through an interdisciplinary investigation involving a lexical analysis and a comparison of the textual data with the iconographical and archaeological evidence of first millennium BC Assyrian utensils, the research presents an updated...

The "Public Eye" or "Disaster Tourists" : Investigating public perceptions of citizen smartphone imagery

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Allan, Stuart; Peters, Christopher

2015-01-01

This article contributes to debates regarding professional–amateur interfaces in photojournalism by reporting on findings from a qualitative study with members of a demographic cohort often described as “millennial” users (that is, people born between 1980 and 1999). A textual analysis of their

Ethico-epistemological implications of artificial intelligence for ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

We argued for a re-direction of AI. research and suggested a humanization of Artificial Intelligence that cloaks technoscientific innovations with humanistic life jackets for man‟s preservation. The textual analysis method is adopted for this research. Key words: Ethics, Epistemology, Artificial Intelligence, Humanity.

Philosophical counselling: Towards a ‘new approach’ in pastoral care and counselling?

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Daniel J. Louw

2011-05-01

Full Text Available The practice of pastoral counselling was dominated for several decades by the Rogerian techniques of empathetic listening. To a large extent, healing was predominately related to the realm of feelings (the affective dimension. Rational Emotive Therapy opened up other avenues. However, besides Logotherapy, the realm of meaning and its connectedness to world views and ideas (Plato: forms remained uncharted in many theories for pastoral care and counselling. In this article it was argued that philosophical counselling opens up new avenues for pastoral care and counselling. Philosophical counselling probes into the realm of different schemata of interpretation. A model for the making of a spiritual existential analysis was proposed in order to detect the impact of the Christian spiritual schema of interpretation on the dynamics of existential networking.

Spiritual Teachings: Unvarying and Varying Features. The Evidence of the Epistle of the Monk Jakov to the Prince Dmitrij Borisovič

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Francesca Romoli

2016-02-01

Full Text Available The article focuses on the Epistle of the Monk Jakov to the Prince Dmitrij Borisovič (Poslanie Jakova-černorizca k knjazju Dmitriju Borisoviču, an East-Slavic text dating from the second half of the 13th century. The author aims to further investigate the hypothesis concerning the literary form used for spiritual teachings. As she demonstrated in previous articles, the Teaching to the Spiritual Son (Poučenie k duchovnomu čadu by Georgij Zarubskij, the Epistle to Vladimir Monomach on Fasting (Poslanie Vladimiru Monomachu o poste by mitropolit Nikifor I and the Epistle to Vladimir Monomach (Poslanie k Vladimiru Monomachu by bishop Daniil (all texts possibly dating from the 12th century belong to this literary genre. Here she assumes that these texts each represent a different textual sub-type. Textual analysis based on the functions of biblical quotations, together with data concerning the structure of the text, the social status and the cultural level of the sender and the addressee, allow the author to establish that Jakov’s Epistle belongs to the same textual sub-type represented by Georgij Zarubskij’s Teaching.

An analysis of fundamental concepts in the conceptual framework using ontology technologies

OpenAIRE

Marthinus Cornelius Gerber; Aurona Jacoba Gerber; Alta van der Merwe

2014-01-01

The interpretation of financial data obtained from the accounting process for reporting purposes is regulated by financial accounting standards (FAS). The history and mechanisms used for the development of ʻThe Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting’ (the Conceptual Framework) as well as the financial accounting standards resulted in impressive volumes of material that guides modern financial reporting practices, but unfortunately, as is often the case with textual manuscripts, it conta...