Cortázar: The smiler with the knife under the cloak

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Amícola

2000-11-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo se propone tratar tres postulaciones concomitantes en la obra de Cortázar: el pudor sexual, la ausencia del sentimiento amoroso como revancha contra el romanticismo y la asimetría en la relación del acto sexual. En esta lectura, el año de 1976, fecha de publicación del primer tomo de la Historia de la sexualidad, de Foucault, aparece como una divisoria de aguas frente a las consideraciones de los más variados aspectos de la vida sexual que entrarían en la discusión académica en las últimas décadas. Cortázar se ubica en este campo de intereses siguiendo muy de cerca el canon borgeano, en una cercanía que el propio Cortázar habría negado. En definitiva, el presente artículo pone el acento de cuánto le debe Cortázar a Borges, a pesar de sus intentos de separación de él, y cuánto habrá que esperar en la literatura argentina para que el gesto de emancipación que Cortázar había esbozado se hiciera realidad.

Professor Jacques Cortes prantsuse keele lektoraadis

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2000-01-01

Juuni alguses külastas filoloogiateaduskonna romaani-germaani filoloogia osakonda Roueni ülikooli professor Jacques Cortes (Prantsusmaa). Ta korraldas 4. õa üliõpilastele prantsuse keele intensiivkursuse ja võttis vastu eksami ning kohtus prantsuse keele lektoraadi õppejõududega : [täistekst

Estudio comparativo del rendimiento de las funciones ejecutivas en la corteza prefrontal dorsolateral, orbitofrontal y frontomedial en adolescentes policonsumidores de sustancias psicoactivas, vinculados al sistema de responsabilidad penal en paralelo con adolescentes que no se encuentran bajo esta misma condición

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Diego Alejandro Calle Sandoval

2017-07-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación se realizó bajo una metodología cuantitativa comparativa y de corte transversal, la cual tuvo como objetivo la realización de un estudio del rendimiento de las funciones ejecutivas en la corteza prefrontal dorsolateral, orbitofrontal y frontomedial en adolescentes, entre los 14 y 18 años de edad, policonsumidores de sustancias psicoactivas (SPA y vinculados al sistema de responsabilidad penal, en paralelo con adolescentes pertenecientes a una institución educativa que no se encuentran bajo esta misma condición; todos ellos del departamento del Quindío. A la población estudio se le aplicó una prueba neuropsicológica de funciones ejecutivas y lóbulos frontales (BANFE 2, cuyos resultados dan cuenta de que el grado de escolaridad –sea alto o inferior– no es un factor influyente en el rendimiento ejecutivo; además, evidencian diferencias significativas en el rendimiento de las funciones ejecutivas en la población bajo responsabilidad penal con antecedentes de policonsumo, encontrándose alteración en la corteza prefrontal dorsolateral, orbitofrontal y frontomedial, a diferencia de la población estudiantil que no cumple con esta condición.

The intangible legacy of the Indonesian Bajo

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Chandra Nuraini

2016-05-01

Full Text Available The Sama-Bajau, or Bajo diaspora, extends from the southern Philippines and Sabah (Malaysian Borneo to the eastern part of Indonesia. The Indonesian Bajo, now scattered along the coasts of Sulawesi (Celebes and East Kalimantan, the Eastern Lesser Sunda Islands and Maluku, were once mostly nomadic fishermen of the sea or ocean freight carriers. Today, the Bajo are almost all fishermen and settled. Their former and present ways of life made them favour intangible forms of culture: it is impossible to transport bulky artefacts when moving frequently by boat, or when living in stilt houses, very close to the sea or on a reef. It is therefore an intangible legacy that is the essence of the Bajo’s culture. Sandro healers have a vast range of expertise that allows them to protect and heal people when they suffer from natural or supernatural diseases. On the other hand, music and especially oral literature are very rich. In addition to song and the pantun poetry contests, the most prestigious genre is the iko-iko, long epic songs that the Bajo consider to be historical rather than fictional narratives. The Bajo’s intangible heritage is fragile, since it is based on oral transmission. In this article, I give a description of this heritage, dividing it into two areas: the knowledge that allows them to “protect and heal” on the one hand, and to “distract and relax”, on the other.

The complete chloroplast genomes of Cannabis sativa and Humulus lupulus.

Science.gov (United States)

Vergara, Daniela; White, Kristin H; Keepers, Kyle G; Kane, Nolan C

2016-09-01

Cannabis and Humulus are sister genera comprising the entirety of the Cannabaceae sensu stricto, including C. sativa L. (marijuana, hemp), and H. lupulus L. (hops) as two economically important crops. These two plants have been used by humans for many purposes including as a fiber, food, medicine, or inebriant in the case of C. sativa, and as a flavoring component in beer brewing in the case of H. lupulus. In this study, we report the complete chloroplast genomes for two distinct hemp varieties of C. sativa, Italian "Carmagnola" and Russian "Dagestani", and one Czech variety of H. lupulus "Saazer". Both C. sativa genomes are 153 871 bp in length, while the H. lupulus genome is 153 751 bp. The genomes from the two C. sativa varieties differ in 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), while the H. lupulus genome differs in 1722 SNPs from both C. sativa cultivars.

Apoptotic Effect of Nigella sativa on Human Lymphoma U937 Cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Arslan, Belkis Atasever; Isik, Fatma Busra; Gur, Hazal; Ozen, Fatih; Catal, Tunc

2017-10-01

Nigella sativa is from botanical Ranunculaceae family and commonly known as black seed. Apoptotic effect of N. sativa and its apoptotic signaling pathways on U937 lymphoma cells are unknown. In this study, we investigated selective cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of N. sativa extract and its apoptotic mechanisms on U937 cells. In addition, we also studied selective cytotoxic activity of thymoquinone that is the most active essential oil of N. sativa . Our results showed that N. sativa extract has selective cytotoxicity and apoptotic effects on U937 cells but not ECV304 control cells. However, thymoquinone had no significant cytotoxicity against on both cells. N. sativa extract increased significantly caspase-3, BAD, and p53 gene expressions in U937 cells. N. sativa may have anticancer drug potential and trigger p53-induced apoptosis in U937 lymphoma cells. This is the first study showing the apoptotic effect of Nigella sativa extract on U937 cells. Abbreviations used: CI: Cytotoxicity index, DMEM: Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium, HL: Hodgkin's lymphoma, MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethy lthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, RPMI: Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium.

Cortesía verbal y modalidad: Los marcadores discursivos

OpenAIRE

Cepeda,Gladys; Poblete,María Teresa

2006-01-01

El trabajo muestra evidencia, a nivel del contexto de entrevista clínica a mujeres pacientes, que los marcadores discursivos están implicados en la marcación de las estrategias de cortesía verbal y de la modalidad del discurso. Los análisis realizados se enmarcan en lateoría de la pragmática, el análisis conversacional y las estrategias de cortesía, facilitadoras de las relaciones sociales y la expresión de los roles de los interactantes (Brown & Levinson,1987). Los resultados del análisi...

Rare Social Marketing for Sustainable Fishing in Cortes, Surigao Del Sur, Philippines

Science.gov (United States)

Day, Brian A.; DeWan, Amielle; Cadiz, Fel Ceasar; Jakosalem-Balane, Joy; Dueñas, Vincent; Trinidad, Pedro M., Jr.

2014-01-01

Rare's approach to promoting sustainable fishing through social marketing in the Philippines is exemplified in the Cortes Pride campaign. The Cortes Pride campaign is a social marketing behavior change program that was part of a cohort of 12 similar sustainable fishing campaigns in the Philippines, all of which used a unique blend of social…

Complete mitochondrial genome of Eruca sativa Mill. (Garden rocket.

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Yankun Wang

Full Text Available Eruca sativa (Cruciferae family is an ancient crop of great economic and agronomic importance. Here, the complete mitochondrial genome of Eruca sativa was sequenced and annotated. The circular molecule is 247,696 bp long, with a G+C content of 45.07%, containing 33 protein-coding genes, three rRNA genes, and 18 tRNA genes. The Eruca sativa mitochondrial genome may be divided into six master circles and four subgenomic molecules via three pairwise large repeats, resulting in a more dynamic structure of the Eruca sativa mtDNA compared with other cruciferous mitotypes. Comparison with the Brassica napus MtDNA revealed that most of the genes with known function are conserved between these two mitotypes except for the ccmFN2 and rrn18 genes, and 27 point mutations were scattered in the 14 protein-coding genes. Evolutionary relationships analysis suggested that Eruca sativa is more closely related to the Brassica species and to Raphanus sativus than to Arabidopsis thaliana.

Incidentes y riesgos de involución en la Corte Penal Internacional

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Carlos Cerda Dueñas

2017-08-01

Full Text Available En octubre del 2016, tres países parte del Estatuto de Roma informaron la denuncia de este instrumento y, por lo tanto, su retiro de la Corte Penal Internacional. Los denunciantes, todos africanos, fundamentaron su decisión en una supuesta parcialidad de la corte, en función de que, a excepción de uno, los casos resueltos y en investigación corresponden a países de dicho continente. En tal sentido, este artículo tiene como objetivo central analizar las causas oficialmente esgrimidas por estos tres Estados para retirarse, cotejadas con los hechos que, se considera, motivaron su decisión, así como examinar los cuestionamientos y hostilidades que la corte ha recibido de otros miembros de la comunidad internacional. Se concluye que su eventual salida, si bien conlleva un significativo golpe a su credibilidad, le genera contratiempos en su consolidación y también riesgos de involución, no pone en riesgo la viabilidad de la corte, y que el mayor desafío se encuentra en los ataques infligidos por otros países que no son parte de la misma. El método de este artículo plantea una revisión somera a algunos aspectos del trabajo jurisdiccional de la corte en sus catorce años de existencia, que han generado los blancos más recurrentes de sus críticas.

User's manual for the CORTES GRAPHICS PACKAGE GRFPAK

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1977-01-01

This report provides necessary user information to implement and use a graphics package for the CORTES finite-element computer programs. Complete input instructions are provided. Sample input and output are given

La organización social en los barrios bajos

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William Foote Whyte

2010-07-01

Full Text Available

Por mucho tiempo, los sociólogos han estudiado los barrios bajos en términos de desorganización social. El interés en los mismos parece provenir de dos fuentes: una urgencia por promover reformas sociales y un esfuerzo para comprender el proceso de urbanización. Observando el quiebre de los controles del grupo primario en la vida de ciudad, algunos sociólogos han considerado analizar la situación resultante en términos del concepto de desorganización social. Los barrios bajos han sido caracterizados por ciertos sociólogos, como áreas de almas perdidas y misiones, áreas donde individuos y familias viven en intimidad forzada con personas a las cuales normalmente rechazan y evitan; áreas donde no se aprecian estándares de decencia o buena conducta excepto los impuestos por una autoridad externa. Según la opinión de otros sociólogos, los barrios bajos son un área de libertad e individualismo. Harvey Zorbaugh dice que la política en el distrito bajo no es como la política en el distrito de clase media. Como no se ajusta a los estándares de la clase media, no es más que un juego. Más aún, la preocupación con el estudio de la desorganización familiar ha conducido a algunos sociólogos a subestimar cualquier grado de organización que se pueda encontrar en los barrios bajos. 

Influencia de la pérdida foliar sobre la cosecha en el cv. Gruesa, Musa acuminata Colla (AAA, cultivado bajo invernadero en las Islas Canarias

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Juan Cabrera Cabrera

2010-12-01

Full Text Available El cultivo de la variedad de platanera Gruesa, selección local de Dwarf Cavendish, ha experimentado un importante aumento en los últimos años en las Islas Canarias, tanto al aire libre como bajo invernadero. La eliminación de hojas, tras la floración, es una práctica habitual en los cultivos bajo invernadero. Asimismo es frecuente la pérdida de hojas por el efecto de los vientos en los cultivos al aire libre. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar, mediante simulación de pérdida foliar por daños mecánicos, la influencia que tiene la disminución de superficie foliar sobre el llenado y cosecha de la fruta en dicho cultivar. Para ello, cuatro meses antes de la cosecha se efectuaron cinco niveles de defoliación: 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% y 100%. Se valoran dos métodos diferentes de defoliación, eliminación de limbo foliar y tronchado de hojas con posterior corte de éstas. Se analizan y presentan datos morfológicos, fenológicos y productivos, así como valoración de la metodología empleada en este trabajo para la simulación de daños. A partir de un 25% de defoliado, equivalente a 7.5 hojas funcionales por planta, se detectaron diferencias significativas con las plantas testigos.

Nigella sativa L.

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ajl yemi

2011-10-26

Oct 26, 2011 ... and agro-biodiversity in black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) genotypes from ... analysis. INTRODUCTION. Among the medicinal plants in use from prehistoric times, .... AA240 FS Fast sequential atomic absorption spectrophotometer) ... Lead (Pb) mg kg- ..... for herbal, pharmaceutical, neutraceutical and cosmetic.

Two complete chloroplast genome sequences of Cannabis sativa varieties.

Science.gov (United States)

Oh, Hyehyun; Seo, Boyoung; Lee, Seunghwan; Ahn, Dong-Ha; Jo, Euna; Park, Jin-Kyoung; Min, Gi-Sik

2016-07-01

In this study, we determined the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes from two varieties of Cannabis sativa. The genome sizes were 153,848 bp (the Korean non-drug variety, Cheungsam) and 153,854 bp (the African variety, Yoruba Nigeria). The genome structures were identical with 131 individual genes [86 protein-coding genes (PCGs), eight rRNA, and 37 tRNA genes]. Further, except for the presence of an intron in the rps3 genes of two C. sativa varieties, the cp genomes of C. sativa had conservative features similar to that of all known species in the order Rosales. To verify the position of C. sativa within the order Rosales, we conducted phylogenetic analysis by using concatenated sequences of all PCGs from 17 complete cp genomes. The resulting tree strongly supported monophyly of Rosales. Further, the family Cannabaceae, represented by C. sativa, showed close relationship with the family Moraceae. The phylogenetic relationship outlined in our study is well congruent with those previously shown for the order Rosales.

[Ttextual research of Cannabis sativa varieties and medicinal part].

Science.gov (United States)

Wei, Yingfang; Wang, Huadong; Guo, Shanshan; Yan, Jie; Long, Fei

2010-07-01

To determine the medicinal part and varieties of Cannabis Sativa through herbal textual research to Provide bibliographic reference for clinical application. Herbal textual research of C. Sativa from ancient herbal works and modern data analysis. Through the herbal textual research, the plant of the C. sativa, for Fructus Cannabis used now is identical with that described in ancient herbal literatures. People did not make a sharp distinction on medicinal part of C. sativa in the early stage literatures, female inflorescence and unripe fruit, fruit and kernel of seed were all used. Since Taohongjing realized the toxicity ofpericarp, all the herbal and prescription works indicate that the pericarp shall be removed before usage and only the kernel can be used. However, in modem literatures, both fruit and kernel can be used as medicinal part. The plants for Fructus Cannabis described in modern and ancient literatures are identical. The base of the original plant is the same either in ancient or modern. And the toxicity of the fruit is more than that of the kernel. The kernel is the exact medicinal part of C. Sativa.

Productividad de lechuga Lactuca sativa en condiciones de macrotúnel en suelo Vitric haplustands

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Pedro Velásquez

2014-12-01

Full Text Available La agricultura urbana hace parte importante en la producción de alimentos para una población cada día más creciente. En este contexto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la productividad del cultivo de lechuga Lactuca sativa var. Batavia bajo condiciones de macrotúnel con tres niveles de fertilización. El ensayo se realizó en la localidad de San Felipe, Pasto, Nariño, en un suelo Vitric haplustands; se evaluaron dos tipos de ambientes (condiciones de macrotúnel y a campo abierto, con tres niveles de fertilización: alto 115; 69; 210 kg/ha (N, P2 O5, k2O, medio 69; 23; 150 kg/ha (N, P2 O5, k2O y bajo 46; 11,5; 90 kg/ha (N, P2 O5, k2O. El macrotúnel fue construido con arcos de bambú y una cubierta plástica para invernaderos. El ensayo se estableció en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con arreglo de franjas divididas. Las variables agronómicas evaluadas fueron: peso de cabeza (PC, porcentaje de materia seca (aérea y de raíz, diámetro de cabeza (DC, días a cosecha (DCO y rendimiento (R. Además, se realizó un análisis económico de presupuesto parcial. Los resultados mostraron que el cultivo de lechuga en ambiente de macrotúnel obtuvo en: PC=2,24kg/planta; DC=20,33 cm y DCO=74 días; valores que presentaron diferencias estadísticas significativas con respecto al ambiente campo abierto. A diferencia de lo anterior el porcentaje de materia seca aérea, no presentó diferencias significativas en ninguno de los tratamientos; situación similar aconteció con las dosis de fertilización alto, medio y bajo de (N, P, K y las interacciones de estas, con los dos ambientes evaluados. El análisis económico mostró que las mayores utilidades se obtuvieron en el ambiente de macrotúnel con 11278 pesos/m2y una rentabilidad de 507%.

Tracking alien chromosome in sativa background by genomic in situ hybridization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abbasi, F.M.; Iqbal, M.; Salim, M.

2004-01-01

Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) was used to look into the genomic constitution of monosomic alien -addition line derived from O. sativa x O. brachyantha. Biotin label genomic DNA from O. brachyantha was used as probe. The probe hybridized to the brachyantha chromosome. No detectable hybridization signal was observed on sativa chromosomes. This differential painting of chromosome enables us to unequivocally discriminate brachyantha chromosome from those of sativa. Results showed the usefulness of GISH in the identification of a single alien chromosome in the sativa background. (author)

Assessment of genomic relationship between Oryza sativa and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The hybrid was produced between these two species at the International Rice Research Institute using embryo rescue technique. The chromosome pairing was examined in pollen mother cells of O. australinesis, O. sativa and the hybrid between O. sativa and O. australinesis. The hybrid was highly sterile with pollen stain ...

Los exámenes preliminares de la Corte Penal Internacional en América Latina: el caso colombiano y su impacto sobre futuras negociaciones de paz en la región

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Héctor Olásolo Alonso

2014-06-01

Full Text Available El artículo comienza analizando la función de la Fiscalía de la Corte Penal Internacional en la aplicación del principio de complementariedad, a través de los exámenes preliminares realizados durante los diez primeros años de funcionamiento de la Corte Penal Internacional. Se subraya la relevancia de los exámenes preliminares para fortalecer los órganos jurisdiccionales nacionales y el Estado de Derecho en los Estados afectados, y se constata que cada situación bajo examen requiere de una estrategia de actuación diferente debido a las particulares circunstancias que la rodean. A continuación, se analizan las características del fenómeno de la lesa humanidad en Colombia y las consecuencias de su configuración como crímenes internacionales de ius cogens. A la luz de lo anterior, se aborda el impacto del examen preliminar que la Fiscalía de la CPI viene desarrollando sobre la situación de Colombia para las actuales negociaciones de paz entre el Gobierno y las FARC. Para finalizar, el autor realiza algunas observaciones finales sobre la importancia de este examen preliminar más allá de Colombia para futuras negociaciones de paz en la región.

Efeito do corte como dano mecânico na qualidade e na fisiologia de mamões 'golden'

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Jaqueline Visioni Tezotto

2011-10-01

Full Text Available A redução na qualidade pós-colheita do mamão deve-se em grande parte aos danos mecânicos, especialmente àqueles do tipo corte. O objetivo deste trabalho foi reproduzir este dano mecânico e avaliar os efeitos do número de cortes na qualidade e na fisiologia pós-colheita de mamões 'Golden'. Os cortes foram obtidos com o uso de uma lâmina de aço de 30 mm de comprimento e 5 mm de profundidade. Os tratamentos consistiram na reprodução de 1 a 4 cortes na região mediana dos frutos. Mamões sem cortes foram utilizados como controle. Após a reprodução dos danos, os frutos foram armazenados em câmara a 22ºC e 80-90% de UR por 10 dias. As análises de qualidade foram realizadas a cada dois dias, e as fisiológicas, diariamente. Os resultados demonstraram que a firmeza, o teor de sólidos solúveis e de ácido ascórbico, a atividade respiratória e a produção de etileno foram influenciados pelo número de cortes, de forma que a perda de qualidade dos frutos foi diretamente proporcional ao número de cortes.

Punto de corte óptimo de la concentración de cotinina en saliva para discriminar entre fumadores y no fumadores en la población adulta de Barcelona Optimal cut-point of salivary cotinine concentration to discriminate smoking status in the adult population in Barcelona

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Jose M. Martínez-Sánchez

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Evaluar el punto de corte óptimo de la concentración de cotinina en saliva para discriminar el consumo de tabaco en la población adulta de Barcelona. Métodos: Estudio transversal de una muestra representativa (n=1117 de la población adulta (>16 años de la ciudad de Barcelona (2004-2005. El estudio recogió información sobre tabaquismo (activo y pasivo mediante cuestionario y una muestra de saliva para la determinación de cotinina. Se realizó un análisis de sensibilidad y especificidad estratificado por sexo, edad, tipo de consumo (diario y ocasional y exposición al humo ambiental del tabaco en el hogar. Se calcularon las curvas ROC y el área bajo la curva. Resultados: La prevalencia de fumadores (diarios y ocasionales fue del 27,8% (intervalo de confianza del 95%: 25,2-30,4%. El punto de corte óptimo que separa a los no fumadores de los fumadores es 9,2ng/ml (sensibilidad del 88,7% y especificidad del 89,0%. El área bajo la curva ROC fue 0,952. El punto de corte fue 12,2ng/ml para los hombres y 7,6 para las mujeres, y aumentaba en los grupos de edad con mayor prevalencia de tabaquismo. Los fumadores diarios tenían un punto de corte superior al de los fumadores ocasionales. Conclusiones: El punto de corte óptimo que discrimina fumadores de no fumadores en la población adulta es 9,2ng/ml, con sensibilidad y especificidad cercanas al 90%. El punto de corte es más alto en los hombres y en los grupos de menor edad, y aumenta cuanto mayor es la prevalencia de consumo diario.Objective: To assess the optimal cut-point for salivary cotinine concentration to identify smoking status in the adult population of Barcelona. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of a representative sample (n=1,117 of the adult population (>16 years in Barcelona (2004-2005. This study gathered information on active and passive smoking by means of a questionnaire and a saliva sample for cotinine determination. We analyzed sensitivity and

Divertimento: Cortázar y su juguete autobiográfico = Divertimento: Cortázar e seu brinquedo autobiográfico

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Valente, Cynthia

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Divertimento, a primeira novela de Cortázar, escrita em 1949, foi publicada apenas postumamente. Nessa novela, ainda pouco explorada pela crítica, um grupo de amigos artistas se diverte com suas opiniões estéticas sobre a arte. A narrativa experimental, em ritmo de mistério, revela, em pequenas doses humorísticas, a visão de arte de um escritor ainda em formação. Dentro desse divertido jogo ficcional, onde se discute o surrealismo y suas diferentes manifestações artísticas, interessa-nos investigar os aspectos autobiográficos y receptivos que fluem das opiniões convergentes e divergentes de seus personagens. Para este propósito, foi fundamental retomar o epistolário de Cortázar, já que em suas cartas o escritor também brinca de mesclar ficção com autobiografia

Requisa y exclusión de la prueba en la jurisprudencia reciente de la Suprema Corte de los Estados Unidos (un aliciente para que la Corte Suprema argentina escape al “preferiría no hacerlo”

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Mariano Gabriel Juárez

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Durante la década de 1990, la Suprema Corte argentina elaboró un estándar en materia de requisas sin orden judicial (registro personal que ampliaba considerablemente las facultades policiales. Para ello se nutrió de la jurisprudencia de la Corte estadounidense en la materia (Terry vs. Ohio. Sin perjuicio de que en su nueva integración la Corte argentina ha adoptado una postura más progresista en materia de derechos humanos, el estándar (restrictivo fijado en su anterior integración no se ha modificado. Dos fallos recientes de la Suprema Corte de Estados Unidos sobre registros policiales en automóviles y excepción a la exclusionary rule debieran incentivar un cambio jurisprudencial acorde con los principios constitucionales vigentes.

Comportamento da beterraba minimamente processada em diferentes espessuras de corte

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Vitti Maria Carolina D.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se a qualidade de beterraba minimamente processada com diferentes espessuras de corte. As raízes foram processadas nas espessuras de 2; 5 e 8 mm. Após o preparo, foram acondicionadas em bandejas de poliestireno expandido e armazenadas a 5°C durante 10 dias. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial (3x4. A cada 2 dias foram avaliados o teor de sólidos solúveis totais, a perda de massa, a coloração, a aparência, os teores de betacianina e de betaxantina e a taxa respiratória. O teor de sólidos solúveis totais foi maior no corte de 8 mm, durante o período de armazenamento. Não houve diferença estatística entre os tratamentos em relação à coloração, à taxa respiratória e aos teores de betacianina e betaxantina. Pelos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que beterraba minimamente processada mantém boa qualidade para consumo por até 6 dias de armazenamento, independente do tipo de corte.

A rose is a rose is a melody: Mapping Julio Cortázar's musical narratives

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Andrea Pérez Mukdsi

2017-12-01

Full Text Available In 2014, many of Julio Cortázar’s ground-breaking works were re-launched over the world to commemorate the centenary of the birth of the Argentine writer. A major figure of world literature, Cortázar’s fictions are known to break out of the prison of words and conventional practices. His “counternovel” Hopscotch (1963, a milestone in Latin American fiction writing, is nothing less than a linguistic revolution. Part of what makes this novel revolutionary is the way it explores the boundaries of language and reality. The other part are its profuse references to jazz music, making it a work of unparalleled sonority. In fact, the presence of music – jazz, classical music, and tango – is significant not only in this novel but also in at least in half of Cortázar’s tremendous production. Most scholarship about Cortázar agrees that the author uses music as an alternative form of expression, one that complements and contradicts traditional language. Nevertheless, scholarship has not yet fashioned a convincing and comprehensive theoretical approach to his musically-infused production. The present article starts by examining what scholars have thus far said regarding music and, more specifically, jazz in Cortázar’s work. Then the essay raises critical questions about the cultural and linguistic myopia resulting from typical approaches to music in the author’s work. Finally, it points out avenues which might lead scholarship to a comprehensive vision of Cortázar’s strategic use of music.

Performance and emission of CI engine fuelled with camelina sativa oil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kruczyński, Stanisław W.

2013-01-01

Highlights: ► Camelina sativa as a potential source of alternative fuel. ► Neat camelina sativa oil as a fuel for CI engine. ► The engine performance and emissions of CI engine fuelled with neat camelina sativa oil. ► Comparison of rate of heat release for camelina sativa oil and diesel oil. - Abstract: The paper describes the results of the tests of CI Perkins 1104C-44 engine fuelled with camelina sativa oil. The engine was not especially calibrated for fuelling with the vegetable fuel. During the test the engine performance and emissions were analysed. For comparison the same speed characteristic was examined for standard fuelling of the engine with diesel oil. In order to understand the engine performance and emission the mass fraction burnt and the rate of heat release was calculated and compared for the same energy provided to the engine cylinder with the injected fuels. The results show that there is possible to receive relatively good engine performance for fuelling the engine with camelina sativa oil but there is a need to change the calibration parameters of the engine fuel system when the engine is fuelled with this fuel.

Tutela contra sentencias de las altas cortes o choque de vanidades

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Rubén Darío Henao Orozco

2006-01-01

Full Text Available La acción de tutela – o el llamado recurso de amparo o recurso de constitucionalidad- contra sentencias constituye uno de los ejes centrales de todo el sistema de garantía de los derechos 1 fundamentales.” Se limita el tema a la tutela contra sentencias de las Altas Cortes, porque ya es claro y no suscita ninguna controversia, el amparo contra sentencias emanadas por los Tribunales de Distrito Judicial, Contencioso Administrativos y los demás Jueces de la República. En cambio, cuando se produce una acción de tutela que protege derechos fundamentales vulnerados por una sentencia de una Alta Corte, la Corte accionada se rasga las vestiduras y protagoniza el respectivo espectáculo ante los medios de comunicación, y el argumento que inequívocamente trae a cuento en este show publicitario, es que dicha Corporación es un órgano límite y sus competencias emanan de la Constitución Política, además de ser exclusivas y excluyentes.

Determination of essential elements in milk and urine of camel and in nigella sativa Seeds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

AI-Attas, A.S.

2009-01-01

Studies on milk and urine of camel and Nigella sativa seeds, either with respect to concentration or bioavailability of major and trace essential elements of these materials are limited and warrant further investigation. The objective of this study was to analyze urine, milk of camel and Nigella sativa for some element using neutron activation analysis. Camel milk and urine have higher concentration of Na than Nigella sativa seeds but K concentration in camel urine and Nigella sativa is higher than that of milk. The Ca and Mg concentration in Nigella sativa seeds are higher than that in milk and urine. The concentration of iron and Zn in Nigella sativa is high. The concentration of Co and Cr in urine is higher than in Nigella sativa and camel milk Se is detected only in urine's camel. Nigella sativa seeds contain more trace elements as Sr, Al, Rb, Ba and La.

Cannabis sativa allergy: looking through the fog.

Science.gov (United States)

Decuyper, I I; Van Gasse, A L; Cop, N; Sabato, V; Faber, M A; Mertens, C; Bridts, C H; Hagendorens, M M; De Clerck, L; Rihs, H P; Ebo, D G

2017-02-01

IgE-mediated Cannabis (C. sativa, marihuana) allergy seems to be on the rise. Both active and passive exposure to cannabis allergens may trigger a C. sativa sensitization and/or allergy. The clinical presentation of a C. sativa allergy varies from mild to life-threatening reactions and often seems to depend on the route of exposure. In addition, sensitization to cannabis allergens can result in various cross-allergies, mostly for plant foods. This clinical entity, designated as the 'cannabis-fruit/vegetable syndrome', might also imply cross-reactivity with tobacco, natural latex and plant-food-derived alcoholic beverages. Hitherto, these cross-allergies are predominantly reported in Europe and appear mainly to rely upon cross-reactivity between nonspecific lipid transfer proteins or thaumatin-like proteins present in C. sativa and their homologues, ubiquitously distributed throughout plant kingdom. At present, diagnosis of cannabis-related allergies predominantly rests upon a thorough history completed with skin testing using native extracts from crushed buds and leaves. However, quantification of specific IgE antibodies and basophil activation tests can also be helpful to establish correct diagnosis. In the absence of a cure, treatment comprises absolute avoidance measures. Whether avoidance of further use will halt the extension of related cross-allergies remains uncertain. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

ANÁLISIS DE INCERTIDUMBRE DE UN MODELO PARA LECHUGAS (Lactuca sativa L. CULTIVADAS EN INVERNADERO

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Irineo Lorenzo López-Cruz

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Un análisis de incertidumbre para un modelo de crecimiento de un cultivo permite evaluar la variabilidad en sus parámetros y deducir una distribución de incertidumbre para cada variable que el modelo predice. Estos estudios se han practicado raramente en modelos para cultivos bajo invernadero. En el presente trabajo se presenta una metodología para llevar a cabo un análisis de incertidumbre para un modelo de un cultivo bajo invernadero y se aplica para determinar la variabilidad de los parámetros del modelo NICOLET desarrollado para explicar el crecimiento de lechugas (Lactuca sativa L.. Se definieron funciones de densidad de probabilidad para todos los parámetros del modelo y se asignaron sus valores mediante muestreo Monte Carlo, aleatorio e hipercubo latino, mediante un total de N = 2000 muestras. Posteriormente se ejecutaron 2000 simulaciones para calcular las salidas del modelo NICOLET para cada escenario. Finalmente, se analizó la distribución de las variables carbono en las vacuolas, carbono en la estructura, peso seco total y contenido de nitratos, mediante el cálculo de sus histogramas y medidas estadísticas. Las simulaciones se realizaron con el programa para análisis de incertidumbre y sensibilidad Simlab, disponible para el ambiente de programación Matlab. La variable carbono en las vacuolas presentó la mayor incertidumbre ya que su coeficiente de variación (CV en ambos muestreos, aleatorio e hipercubo latino, fue de 35.27 y 35.67 %, respectivamente, seguida del contenido de nitratos (CV = 18.16 % y CV = 19.07 %, el carbono estructural (CV = 5.52 % y CV = 5.67 % y el peso seco total (CV = 4.80 % y CV = 4.82 %.

Minimalismo judicial ¿Cass Sunstein en la Corte Constitucional?

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Mario Cajas Sarria

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Cass Sustein Unstein es hoy en día uno de los principales expositores de la tesis del minimalismo judicial, metodología de adjudicación que puede ser utilizada por el máximo órgano de control constitucional cuando interpreta la Constitución. En este artículo se exponen las principales características y ventajas de esta metodología, así como una comparación con las otras formas de adjudicación presentes actualmente en el derecho estadounidense. Posteriormente, se analiza el uso dado al minimalismo judicial por la Corte Constitucional de Colombia en el control que ésta realiza a la legislación, prestando especial atención a los argumentos presentados por la Corte para declarar inconstitucional el estatuto antiterrorista del año 2003.

114_M.I. Imam et al.,_Nigella Sativa EXTRACT IMPROVES ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

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ut to assess the memory enhancing effect of Nigella sativa Extract on m ze. The study was ... a sativa has a beneficial effect on learning and memory and has a be t memory than piracetam. ..... deserves more attention. Journal of Ayub. Medical ...

Evaluación del desempeño ambiental bajo enfoque de cadena de abastecimiento verde

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William Ariel Sarache-Castro

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Entre los enfoques existentes de gestión ambiental, la gestión de cadenas de abastecimiento verde (Green Supply Chain Managemen t, GSCM, se ha convertido en uno de los más relevantes en los últimos años. El en foque GSCM aborda todos los procesos y actividad es que componen la cadena de abastecimiento en los eslabones de aprovi sionamiento, manufactura y entregas, incluyendo también el diseñ o, las compras, el marketing y la logística inve rsa. Aunque la revisión bibliográfica permiti ó identificar la existencia de una gran v ariedad de indicadores de desempeño ambiental que se enmarcan en el enfoque PresiónEstadoRes puesta, no se encontraron indicadores aplica dos bajo un enfoque GSCM. Por tanto, el presente ar tículo expone una metodología para la cons trucción de un indicador de corte multicrit erio que permite evaluar el desempeño ambiental desde el enfoque GSCM, con base en 8 procesos y 32 actividades detectadas en la revisión de literatura. El indicador fue aplicado en un grupo de 14 empresas de la región cafetera de Colombia. Los resultados indican un d esempeño heterogéneo entre las compañías analizadas y un rezago importante en algunos procesos.

Factores de riesgo en el bajo peso al nacer

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Guillermo Díaz Alonso

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de tipo caso control en el área del Policlínico Docente "Luis A. Turcios Lima" del municipio 10 de Octubre durante el período de 1990 a 1993, con el objetivo de identificar el comportamiento del bajo peso al nacer, establecer la existencia y la intensidad de esta entidad con los factores de riesgo seleccionados, e identificar el grado de influencia individual de dichos factores. La muestra quedó conformada por 92 recién nacidos de bajo peso y 468 con normopeso. Las variables estudiadas fueron la edad materna, la valoración ponderal, las complicaciones obstétricas, las enfermedades asociadas con la gestación, el hábito de fumar y el período intergenésico. Se aplicó el test chi-cuadrado, el odds- -ratio y el de riesgo atribuible en los nacimientos expuestos y en la población total. Todas las variables estuvieron asociadas significativamente con el bajo peso al nacer, y fueron identificadas como factores de riesgo con influencia marcada: la edad materna de 35 años o más, la amenaza de parto prematuro, la rotura prematura de membranas, la toxemia y la diabetes mellitus; con efecto moderado, el bajo peso materno, un período intergenésico menor de 1 año, la hipertensión arterial, el asma bronquial, el hábito de fumar, la sepsis urinaria, y con influencia ligera, la edad materna inferior a los 20 años.

The protective effect of Nigella sativa against liver injury: a review.

Science.gov (United States)

Mollazadeh, Hamid; Hosseinzadeh, Hossein

2014-12-01

Nigella sativa (Family Ranunculaceae) is a widely used medicinal plant throughout the world. N. sativa is referred in the Middle East as a part of an overall holistic approach to health. Pharmacological properties of N. sativa including immune stimulant, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, spasmolytic and bronchodilator have been shown. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress are known as the major causes of many diseases such as liver injury and many substances and drugs can induce oxidative damage by generation of ROS in the body. Many pharmacological properties of N. sativa are known to be attributed to the presence of thymoquinone and its antioxidant effects. Thymoquinone protects liver from injury via different mechanisms including inhibition of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, elevation in total thiol content and glutathione level, radical scavengering, increasing the activity of quinone reductase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione transferase, inhibition of NF-κB activity and inhibition of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase. Therefore, this review aimed to highlight the roles of ROS in liver diseases and the mechanisms of N. sativa in prevention of liver injury.

Development of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay for Rapid Detection of Cannabis sativa.

Science.gov (United States)

Kitamura, Masashi; Aragane, Masako; Nakamura, Kou; Watanabe, Kazuhito; Sasaki, Yohei

2016-07-01

In many parts of the world, the possession and cultivation of Cannabis sativa L. are restricted by law. As chemical or morphological analyses cannot identify the plant in some cases, a simple yet accurate DNA-based method for identifying C. sativa is desired. We have developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the rapid identification of C. sativa. By optimizing the conditions for the LAMP reaction that targets a highly conserved region of tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) synthase gene, C. sativa was identified within 50 min at 60-66°C. The detection limit was the same as or higher than that of conventional PCR. The LAMP assay detected all 21 specimens of C. sativa, showing high specificity. Using a simple protocol, the identification of C. sativa could be accomplished within 90 min from sample treatment to detection without use of special equipment. A rapid, sensitive, highly specific, and convenient method for detecting and identifying C. sativa has been developed and is applicable to forensic investigations and industrial quality control.

Liberdade de imprensa no Supremo Tribunal Federal: análise comparativa com a Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos

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Carlo José Napolitano

Full Text Available ResumoO presente trabalho analisa o entendimento do Supremo Tribunal Federal e da Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos acerca da liberdade de imprensa. A pesquisa objetiva comparar o posicionamento das Cortes sobre esse direito fundamental. Usando o método comparativo, analisa os argumentos utilizados pelas Cortes nos julgamentos de processos que tinham por objeto a liberdade de imprensa. O trabalho também apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica da teoria brasileira sobre a liberdade de expressão do pensamento. Ao final, apontamos as possíveis influências da Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos nas decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal, em especial, a primazia da liberdade de imprensa em relação aos demais direitos fundamentais.

Actualización en el manejo del colesterol hdl bajo

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Rigotti R. Attilio, Dr.

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Los niveles plasmáticos bajos de colesterol transportado en las lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL constituyen un elemento independiente de riesgo cardiovascular ateroesclerótico. Algunos protocolos clínicos enfocados en el manejo farmacológico de los niveles bajos de colesterol HDL en pacientes de alto riesgo cardiovascular han mostrado resultados favorables. Por otro lado, existen nuevas formulaciones de la niacina, el agente farmacológico disponible más efectivo para el manejo del colesterol HDL bajo, y se están desarrollando nuevos fármacos más potentes para aumentar los niveles plasmáticos de colesterol HDL. En el futuro, nuevos medicamentos que modulen el metabolismo de HDL y demuestren beneficio sobre el control del riesgo cardiovascular ateroesclerótico, podrían mejorar aún más el manejo actual de esta condición patológica que se basa esencialmente en el uso de estatinas.

Species identification of Cannabis sativa using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR).

Science.gov (United States)

Johnson, Christopher E; Premasuthan, Amritha; Satkoski Trask, Jessica; Kanthaswamy, Sree

2013-03-01

Most narcotics-related cases in the United States involve Cannabis sativa. Material is typically identified based on the cystolithic hairs on the leaves and with chemical tests to identify of the presence of cannabinoids. Suspect seeds are germinated into a viable plant so that morphological and chemical tests can be conducted. Seed germination, however, causes undue analytical delays. DNA analyses that involve the chloroplast and nuclear genomes have been developed for identification of C. sativa materials, but they require several nanograms of template DNA. Using the trnL 3' exon-trnF intragenic spacer regions within the C. sativa chloroplast, we have developed a real-time quantitative PCR assay that is capable of identifying picogram amounts of chloroplast DNA for species determination of suspected C. sativa material. This assay provides forensic science laboratories with a quick and reliable method to identify an unknown sample as C. sativa. © 2013 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

Assessment of Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacological Effect of Orally Administered CORT125134: An Adaptive, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase 1 Clinical Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Hunt, Hazel; Donaldson, Kirsteen; Strem, Mark; Zann, Vanessa; Leung, Pui; Sweet, Suzanne; Connor, Alyson; Combs, Dan; Belanoff, Joseph

2018-05-01

CORT125134 is an orally active, high-affinity, selective antagonist of the glucocorticoid receptor that is being developed for indications that may benefit from the modulation of cortisol activity. This first-in-human study was conducted to evaluate the dose-related safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects of CORT125134 and its active metabolite CORT125201. Eighty-one healthy male or female subjects received a single dose of 5 to 500 mg CORT125134 or matching placebo across 9 cohorts; 1 cohort received 150 mg CORT125134 after a high-fat breakfast; and 46 subjects received 50 to 500 mg CORT125134 or matching placebo once daily for up to 14 days across 4 cohorts. CORT125134 was well tolerated at doses up to 250 mg per day for 14 days. CORT125134 was absorbed rapidly and eliminated with a mean half-life ranging from 11 to 19 hours. Steady state was achieved by day 7. Exposure increased in a greater than proportional manner, particularly at lower doses. Exposure to CORT125201 at steady state was less than 5% that of parent CORT125134. Evidence for the desired pharmacological effect (glucocorticoid receptor antagonism) was demonstrated by the ability of CORT125134 to prevent several effects of the glucocorticoid receptor agonist prednisone. © 2018 The Authors. Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The American College of Clinical Pharmacology.

A programação por restrições aplicada à um problema de corte unidimensional

OpenAIRE

Preissler Junior, Sigmundo

2009-01-01

Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre o problema de corte unidimensional. Como resultado deste estudo, é proposta e desenvolvida uma aplicação da programação por restrições na solução do problema em uma aplicação industrial. O problema consiste em encontrar uma solução do factível para o problema de corte unidimensional de bobinas de aço, em uma situação real, considerando o tempo de preparação. O algoritmo gera planos de corte para um determinado período. Além da abordagem PSR (Programa...

The protective effect of Nigella sativa against liver injury: a review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hamid Mollazadeh

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Nigella sativa (Family Ranunculaceae is a widely used medicinal plant throughout the world. N. sativa is referred in the Middle East as a part of an overall holistic approach to health. Pharmacological properties of N. sativa including immune stimulant, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, spasmolytic and bronchodilator have been shown. Reactive oxygen species (ROS and oxidative stress are known as the major causes of many diseases such as liver injury and many substances and drugs can induce oxidative damage by generation of ROS in the body. Many pharmacological properties of N. sativa are known to be attributed to the presence of thymoquinone and its antioxidant effects. Thymoquinone protects liver from injury via different mechanisms including inhibition of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, elevation in total thiol content and glutathione level, radical scavengering, increasing the activity of quinone reductase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione transferase, inhibition of NF-κB activity and inhibition of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase. Therefore, this review aimed to highlight the roles of ROS in liver diseases and the mechanisms of N. sativa in prevention of liver injury.

Cultivares de trigo duplo propósito submetidos ao manejo nitrogenado e a regimes de corte

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M Hastenpflug

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se a produção e a qualidade da forragem em cultivares de trigo duplo propósito submetidos a doses de nitrogênio e a regimes de corte. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de quatro cultivares de trigo duplo propósito - BRS Figueira, BRS Umbu, BRS Guatambu e BRS Tarumã -, cinco doses de nitrogênio - 0, 45, 90, 135 e 180kg ha-1 - e três manejos de corte - sem corte, um e dois cortes. As variáveis avaliadas foram: produção de forragem, relação de folhas, proteína bruta, digestibilidade in vitro da matéria orgânica e nutrientes digestíveis totais. A adubação nitrogenada apresentou comportamento linear crescente sobre a produção de massa e proteína da forragem e não houve efeito sobre as demais variáveis. A produção de forragem aumentou no segundo corte e sua qualidade decresceu. Os resultados quantitativos e qualitativos da forragem foram distintos entre os cultivares. Os cultivares de trigo duplo propósito de ciclo mais longo apresentaram maior qualidade forrageira e menor produção de forragem.

El crecimiento y desarrollo ante la prematuridad y el bajo peso al nacer

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Christine Baccarat de Godoy Martins

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo de prematuros y/o de bajo peso al nacer. Metodología: Se utilizaron las bases de datos lilacs, medline y scielo. Se encontraron 64 trabajos: 10 publicados en 2005, 10 en 2006, 12 en 2007, 16 en 2008, 8 en 2009 y 8 en 2010. Las publicaciones halladas pertenecían a las áreas de medicina (59,4%, nutrición (7,8%, enfermería (7,8%, salud pública (7,8%, psicología (6,2%, epidemiología (4,7%, fisiología (3,1% y fonoaudiología (3,1%. Resultados:Los textos encontrados permitieron la organización del conocimiento producido según las siguientes categorías de análisis: Factores asociados al bajo peso en el nacimiento/prematuridad; Repercusiones del bajo peso en el nacimiento/prematuridad para el crecimiento y desarrollo y medidas de prevención; y Supervivencia de los recién nacidos prematuros o de bajo peso. Conclusión: Los niños nacidos prematuramente y de bajo peso generalmente presentan déficit de desarrollo. Un acompañamiento postnatal centrado en el crecimiento y desarrollo es fundamental.

Nigella sativa: reduces the risk of various maladies.

Science.gov (United States)

Butt, Masood Sadiq; Sultan, Muhammad Tauseef

2010-08-01

Coinage of terms like nutraceuticals, functional, and pharma foods has diverted the attention of human beings to where they are seeking more natural cures. Though pharmaceutical drugs have been beneficial for human health and have cured various diseases but they also impart some side effects. Numerous plants have been tested for their therapeutic potential; Nigella sativa, commonly known as black cumin, is one of them. It possesses a nutritional dense profile as its fixed oil (lipid fraction), is rich in unsaturated fatty acids while essential oil contains thymoquinone and carvacrol as antioxidants. N. sativa seeds also contain proteins, alkaloids (nigellicines and nigelledine), and saponins (alpha-hederin) in substantial amounts. Recent pharmacological investigations suggested its potential role, especially for the amelioration of oxidative stress through free radical scavenging activity, the induction of apoptosis to cure various cancer lines, the reduction of blood glucose, and the prevention of complications from diabetes. It regulates hematological and serological aspects and can be effective in dyslipidemia and respiratory disorders. Moreover, its immunopotentiating and immunomodulating role brings balance in the immune system. Evidence is available supporting the utilization of Nigella sativa and its bioactive components in a daily diet for health improvement. This review is intended to focus on the composition of Nigella sativa and to elaborate its possible therapeutic roles as a functional food to prevent an array of maladies.

Armazenamento refrigerado de beterraba minimamente processada em diferentes tipos de corte

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Kluge Ricardo Alfredo

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Beterrabas minimamente processadas apresentam vida de prateira curta, mesmo sob refrigeração, devido à descoloração superficial que deprecia a qualidade do produto. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar o efeito de três tipos de corte em beterraba minimamente avaliando sua qualidade durante a conservação refrigerada. Os cortes utilizados foram: fatia, cubo e retalho. Após o processamento as beterrabas foram armazenadas a 5degreesC e as avaliações sendo realizadas durante dez dias a cada dois dias. Beterrabas em fatias apresentaram maior respiração e maiores perdas dos pigmentos betalaínas e de sólidos solúveis durante o armazenamento. Através de análise sensorial, verificou-se que a qualidade visual do produto foi mantida por até quatro dias, independente do tipo de corte. O fator que mais depreciou a qualidade de beterraba minimamente processada foi a perda de coloração das raízes (esbranquiçamento. Pode-se concluir que a beterraba minimamente processada em fatias ou cubo apresenta conservação de, no máximo 4 dias, a 5degreesC, enquanto minimamente processada em retalho apresenta 6 dias de conservação.

Evaluation of Oryza sativa x O. glaberrima derived progenies for ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

USER

2010-06-28

Jun 28, 2010 ... The genus Oryza has two cultivated species, Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) and African rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.) and 22 wild species. O. glaberrima is low yielding but has useful genes for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Introgression lines derived from backcrossing of O. sativa x O. glaberrima,.

Toxicological and safety evaluation of Nigella sativa lipid and volatile fractions in streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus

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Muhammad Tauseef Sultan

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Objective: To evaluate the toxicological aspects of Nigella sativa (N. sativa lipid and volatile fractions in streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus. Methods: National Institute of Health (NIH, Islamabad provided us thirty Sprague Dawley rats that were further divided into three groups, i.e. control, N. sativa lipid fraction (4% and N. sativa volatile fraction (0.3%, respectively. The serological and haematological indices were evaluated at 4-week intervals during 56 d study. Results: The results indicated that the diabetes mellitus imparted negative effects on various serological and haematological attributes. However, supplementation of the N. sativa lipid fraction and N. sativa volatile fraction ameliorated the adverse consequences of diabetes mellitus. The diabetes induced renal toxicity and imbalanced serum chemistry were slightly modulated by experimental diets. However, the impact of essential oil was more significant as compared to the fixed oil. Conclusions: In a nutshell, experimental diets containing N. sativa lipid fraction and N. sativa volatile fraction are effective without having any toxicological effects, and experimental diets reduced toxicological and adverse consequences of diabetes mellitus.

[Sensitization to Castanea sativa pollen and pollinosis in northern Extremadura (Spain)].

Science.gov (United States)

Cosmes Martín, P M; Moreno Ancillo, A; Domínguez Noche, C; Gutiérrez Vivas, A; Belmonte Soler, J; Roure Nolla, J M

2005-01-01

Castanea sativa pollen allergy has generally been considered to be uncommon and clinically insignificant. In our geographical area (Plasencia, Cáceres, Spain) Castanea sativa pollen is a major pollen. To determine the atmospheric fluctuations and prevalence of patients sensitized to Castanea pollen in our region and to compare this sensitization with sensitizations to other pollens. Patients with respiratory symptoms attending our outpatient clinic for the first time in 2003 were studied. The patients underwent skin prick tests with commercial extracts of a battery of inhalants including Castanea sativa pollen. Serologic specific IgE to Castanea sativa pollen was determined using the CAP system (Pharmacia and Upjohn, Uppsala, Sweden). Airborne pollen counts in our city were obtained using Cour collection apparatus over a 4-year period (2000 to 2003). The most predominant pollens detected were (mean of the maximal weekly concentrations over 4 years in pollen grains/m3): Quercus 968, Poacea 660, Olea 325, Platanus 229, Pinus 126, Cupresaceae 117, Plantago 109, Alnus 41, Populus 40, Castanea 32. We studied 346 patients (mean age: 24.1 years). In 210 patients with a diagnosis of pollinosis, the percentages of sensitization were: Dactylis glomerata 80.4%, Olea europea 71.9%, Fraxinus excelsior 68%, Plantago lanceolata 62.8%, Chenopodium album 60.9%, Robinia pseudoacacia 49%, Artemisia vulgaris 43.8%, Platanus acerifolia 36.6%, Parietaria judaica 36.1%, Populus nigra 32.3%, Betula alba 27.6%, Quercus ilex 21.4%, Alnus glutinosa 20.9%, Cupressus arizonica 7.6% and Castanea sativa 7.1%. Fifteen patients were sensitized to Castanea sativa and 14 had seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma. Ten patients had serum specific IgE to Castanea pollen (maximum value: 17.4 Ku/l). Castanea pollen is present in our area in large amounts from the 23rd to the 28th weeks of the year, with a peak pollen count in the 25th week. The most important allergenic pollens in northern Extremadura

Distribución y corte de piezas irregulares con anidamiento bidimensional en la industria minera

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José Arzola-Ruíz

2010-03-01

Full Text Available La necesidad del ahorro de material durante el corte de piezas en chapas ha provocado el desarrollo de procedimientos y técnicas de optimización, con la ayuda de las nuevas tecnologías de la informática y las comunicaciones. A pesar de la existencia de diversas plataformas automatizadas para la generación de distribuciones y rutas de corte, el ahorro de material constituye un indicador de permanente atención en la industria minera. En el presente trabajo se ilustra el estado actual del desarrollo de las técnicas de distribución y corte de piezas en chapas y se define la concepción de un procedimiento para la distribución de piezas irregulares con anidamiento bidimensional.

Polyploid genome of Camelina sativa revealed by isolation of fatty acid synthesis genes

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Shewmaker Christine K

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Camelina sativa, an oilseed crop in the Brassicaceae family, has inspired renewed interest due to its potential for biofuels applications. Little is understood of the nature of the C. sativa genome, however. A study was undertaken to characterize two genes in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, fatty acid desaturase (FAD 2 and fatty acid elongase (FAE 1, which revealed unexpected complexity in the C. sativa genome. Results In C. sativa, Southern analysis indicates the presence of three copies of both FAD2 and FAE1 as well as LFY, a known single copy gene in other species. All three copies of both CsFAD2 and CsFAE1 are expressed in developing seeds, and sequence alignments show that previously described conserved sites are present, suggesting that all three copies of both genes could be functional. The regions downstream of CsFAD2 and upstream of CsFAE1 demonstrate co-linearity with the Arabidopsis genome. In addition, three expressed haplotypes were observed for six predicted single-copy genes in 454 sequencing analysis and results from flow cytometry indicate that the DNA content of C. sativa is approximately three-fold that of diploid Camelina relatives. Phylogenetic analyses further support a history of duplication and indicate that C. sativa and C. microcarpa might share a parental genome. Conclusions There is compelling evidence for triplication of the C. sativa genome, including a larger chromosome number and three-fold larger measured genome size than other Camelina relatives, three isolated copies of FAD2, FAE1, and the KCS17-FAE1 intergenic region, and three expressed haplotypes observed for six predicted single-copy genes. Based on these results, we propose that C. sativa be considered an allohexaploid. The characterization of fatty acid synthesis pathway genes will allow for the future manipulation of oil composition of this emerging biofuel crop; however, targeted manipulations of oil composition and general

Hacia la meta de la verdad histórica

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Miguel Aguilera

1964-11-01

Full Text Available Deuda de gratitud imprescriptible es la que está contrayendo la república con el eminente humanista e historiador doctor Roberto Cortázar, compilador minucioso de la abundante literatura epistolar producida en torno de la vida del insigne prócer colombiano general Francisco de Paula Santander. Tras reproducir cronológicamente en diez volúmenes, bajo el título de "Cartas y Mensajes", cuanto salió de la pluma del personaje grancolombiano más espléndidamente señalado, después del Libertador Simón Bolívar, el doctor Cortázar se ocupa ahora en ordenar la correspondencia íntima, arbitrariamente dispersa dentro del acervo documental publicado hace casi medio siglo bajo el título de "Archivo Santander".

Aulas-laboratorios de bajo costo, usando TIC

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Silvia E. Calderón

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de una propuesta educativa orientada a promover el desarrollo de un pensamiento critico y un mayor interes por las ciencias experimentales. Con este fin desarrollamos propuestas de proyectos educativos susceptibles de ser destinadas a las aulas y laboratorios de las escuelas secundarias y primeros anos de la universidad, que resaltan los aspectos metodologicos de las ciencias. Aqui, realizamos una compilacion de varios proyectos, que ilustran formas de incorporar las tecnologias de la informacion y la comunicacion (TIC en diversos experimentos de ciencias, muchos de ellos publicados individualmente anteriormente, y que en conjunto se pueden utilizar para implementar un aula-laboratorio de bajo costo. Con TIC hacemos referencia a la convergencia de computadoras, sistemas audiovisuales, Internet, telefonia, y diversos equipos que se integran con algunos de ellos. Los proyectos intentan integrar areas como fisica, matematica, quimica, informatica, arte, etc. y apuntan a que los estudiantes puedan responder a las preguntas: .Como sabemos esto?, .Por que creemos en aquello? Preguntas que ilustran la naturaleza del pensamiento cientifico. Nuestra contribucion mas significativa es haber desarrollado ≪aulas-laboratorios≫ de muy bajo costo, usando TIC. Con el advenimiento de programas como ≪Una Laptop por Nino≫ que se estan implementando en varios paises de Latinoamerica, resulta oportuno utilizar este recurso como base para generar laboratorios de bajo costo, que creemos pueden ser una herramienta util para mejorar el aprendizaje de las ciencias, incentivar vocaciones y contribuir a desarrollar un pensamiento critico, a la par de desarrollar habilidades con el uso de las TIC que pueden ser de utilidad en diversos ambitos academicos y laborales.

Desempenho de bovinos simulado pelo modelo Pampa Corte e obtido por experimentação Animal performance simulated by Pampa Corte model with experimental records

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Naíme de Barcellos Trevisan

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a confiabilidade do Modelo Pampa Corte na predição de desempenho de bovinos de corte, em sistemas de pastejo. Para tanto, foram confrontados os valores preditos pelo modelo com dados disponíveis na literatura. Foram verificados coeficientes de correlação acima de 90% entre os dados reais e os simulados em todas as alternativas testadas. O banco de dados do Modelo precisa ser ampliado em termos de alternativas de produtividade das forrageiras, em diferentes condições climáticas. Os parâmetros qualitativos degradabilidade da proteína bruta e fibra em detergente neutro da consorciação aveia preta e azevém necessitam ainda ser pesquisados, assim como o desempenho de animais em pastagens singulares de aveia ou azevém.This study had the objective to evaluate Pampa Corte Model’s reliability in predicting beef cattle performance in grazing systems. For this purpose, model’s predicted values were compared to available data base of published papers. Correlation coefficients above 90 % were obtained between simulated and real data in all tested alternatives. Model’s data base should be enlarged by forage productivity data in different climatic conditions. Mixtures of Italian ryegrass and oat need more studies to obtain qualitative parameters (crude protein degradability and neutral detergent fiber, as well, animal performance in the single pastures of oat or Italian ryegrass.

THE ROCK PROCESSING SECTOR: PART I: CUTTING TECHNOLOGY TOOLS, A NEW DIAMOND SEGMENT BAND SAW PART II: STUDY OF CUTTING FORCES

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ABRAHAM SEGADE ROBLEDA

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo presenta el estado del arte de los procedimientos de corte empleados en la transformación de roca ornamental, principalmente, disco con segmentos de diamante, hilo diamantado y los telares. En todos ellos, una reducción en el espesor de corte, repercute de forma directa en la rentabilidad. Se presenta una herramienta novedosa, con un espesor de corte la mitad del mejor conseguido en herramientas convencionales: una sierra de cinta sobre la que se sueldan segmentos de diamante. Se construyen los primeros prototipos, se realizan pruebas de corte y se estudian las características del corte realizado. En una segunda parte se revisan los estudios que existen en la actualidad sobre la medición de fuerzas de corte en granito con herramientas convencionales, y se monitoriza una máquina prototipo de sierra de cinta. Se estudian las fuerzas de corte para este nuevo proceso de corte, se mide la fuerza tangencial, y la fuerza de avance, bajo diferentes condiciones de trabajo.

Energy potential of the Sea of Cortes; Potencial energetico del Mar de Cortes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lopez Gonzalez, Jose [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

2006-07-01

The increasing energy requirements, due to the excessive population growth in the world and its dependency to electronic devises in their daily life, fruit of the technological advances, have forced to different organisms as much public as private from several nations to look for alternating energy sources that are clean (that does not contaminate the environment) and relatively cheap that can face these requirements. One of these sources is, without doubt the ocean, since in it concentrates the transferred energy of the sun and the wind and the forces of attraction of the celestial bodies. In this work a quantification of the energy potential of the tides in the Sea of Cortes is presented in a practical way, taking advantage of the important unevenness of high water and low tide that appears in the North part of it, using the principles which govern the generation of a hydroelectric power station, since the operation and the equipment used are practically the same. [Spanish] Los crecientes requerimientos de energia, debido al crecimiento excesivo de poblacion en el mundo y su dependencia a dispositivos electronicos en su vida cotidiana, fruto del avance tecnologico, han obligado a diferentes organismos tanto publicos como privados de varias naciones a buscar fuentes alternas de energia que sean limpias (que no contaminen el medio ambiente) y relativamente baratas que puedan hacer frente a estos requerimientos. Una de estas fuentes es sin lugar a dudas el oceano ya que en el se concentra la energia transferida del sol y el viento y las fuerzas de atraccion de los cuerpos celestes. En este trabajo se presenta de manera practica una cuantificacion del potencial energetico de las mareas en el mar de Cortes, aprovechando el importante desnivel de pleamar y bajamar que se presenta en la parte norte del mismo, utilizando los principios que rigen la generacion de una central hidroelectrica, ya que, el funcionamiento y el equipo utilizado es practicamente es el mismo.

Prevalence of sensitization to Cannabis sativa. Lipid-transfer and thaumatin-like proteins are relevant allergens.

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Larramendi, Carlos H; López-Matas, M Ángeles; Ferrer, Angel; Huertas, Angel Julio; Pagán, Juan Antonio; Navarro, Luis Ángel; García-Abujeta, José Luis; Andreu, Carmen; Carnés, Jerónimo

2013-01-01

Although allergy to Cannabis sativa was first reported over 40 years ago, the allergenicity has scarcely been studied. The objectives of this study were to investigate the frequency of sensitization to this plant, to analyze the clinical characteristics and allergenic profile of sensitized individuals and to identify the allergens involved. Five hundred and forty-five individuals in Spain attending allergy clinics with respiratory or cutaneous symptoms underwent a skin-prick test (SPT) with C. sativa leaf extract. The extract was characterized by SDS-PAGE and 2-dimensional electrophoresis. Specific IgE to C. sativa was measured in positive SPT individuals. The clinical and allergenic profiles of sensitized individuals were investigated and the most-recognized allergens sequenced and characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Of this preselected population, 44 individuals had positive SPT to C. sativa (prevalence 8.1%). Prevalence was higher in individuals who were C. sativa smokers (14.6%). Two individuals reported mild symptoms with C. sativa. Twenty-one individuals from 32 available sera (65.6%) had positive specific IgE to C. sativa. Twelve sera recognized at least 6 different bands in a molecular-weight range of between 10 and 60 kDa. Six of them recognized a 10-kDa band, identified as a lipid transfer protein (LTP) and 8 recognized a 38-kDa band, identified as a thaumatin-like protein. There is a high prevalence of sensitization to C. sativa leaves. The clinical symptoms directly attributed to C. sativa were uncommon and mild. The sensitization profile observed suggests that C. sativa sensitization may be mediated by two mechanisms, i.e. cross-reactivity, mainly with LTP and thaumatin-like protein, and exposure-related 'de novo' sensitization. Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Identification of IgE- binding pollen protein from Cannabis sativa in pollen-hypersensitive patients from north Pakistan.

Science.gov (United States)

Choudhary, Shazia; Murad, Sheeba; Hayat, Muhammad Qasim; Shakoor, Zahid; Arshad, Muhammad

2017-01-01

Cannabis sativa (C.sativa) is well-known for its medicinal, industrial and recreational use. However, allergies in relation to Cannabis sativa (C.sativa) are rarely reported. C. sativa is one of the common weeds found in Pakistan and its pollen grains are common in spring and fall season. Although categorized as an aeroallergen, there are limited number of reports regarding allergenic potential in C. sativa. Therefore, the current study is aimed at exploring the IgE- binding potential among the C. sativa pollen in local pollen allergic patients. Initial screening of C. sativa sensitized individuals was carried out by dot blot from the sera of pollen allergic patients. Proteins from the pollen grains were extracted and resolved on 10% gel. Eight bands were visible on gel however only one protein fragment i.e. of 14KDa size was found to bind to IgE as analyzed through protein gel blot analysis. Strong IgE affinity of a 14 kDa protein fragment from C. sativa pollen extract suggests its allergenic potential. Further study is required to find the exact nature of this protein fragment.

CULTIVOS BAJO CUBIERTA EN EL SURESTE DE ESPAÑA

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Encarnación Gil Meseguer

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En España, más de 62.000 ha regadas se cultivan en ambiente controlado, bajo determinadas cubiertas. Dos tercios se localizan en Andalucía, y más de la cuarta parte, en el Sureste de la Península Ibérica. En el espacio surestino, delimitado por la coincidencia de las isolíneas climáticas (isoyeta de los 400 mm anuales e isoterma de 16ºC de TMA y la línea de costa mediterránea entre Almería y Alicante, sobresalen una serie de estructuras con cubiertas de plásticos y mallas para la producción de cultivos intensivos en las comarcas del Levante Almeriense-Bajo Almanzora, Lorca y Valle Guadalentín, Campo de Cartagena-Mar Menor, Meridional de Alicante-Vega Baja, etc. Los avances tecnológicos aplicados al riego y al ciclo natural de la planta, se incorporan al cultivo forzado bajo cubierta, logrando modificar el ciclo de cultivo, con una amplitud en los calendarios para presentar el producto en los momentos de mayor demanda. El interés de esta agricultura intensiva de invernaderos, mallas y acolchados radica en su mayor productividad, empleo y precio final del producto.

“Corte Transversal”: una mega escultura entre el río Mapocho y la autopista Costanera Norte en Santiago de Chile/ “Corte Transversal”: a mega sculpture between the Mapocho River and the Costanera Norte toll road in Santiago de Chile

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Revista de Urbanismo, Departamento de Urbanismo de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Chile. (Reportaje de M.I.PavezR.- M.P.Henríquez.O

2008-12-01

Full Text Available “Corte Transversal”: una mega escultura entre el río Mapocho y la autopista Costanera Norte en Santiago de Chile/“Corte Transversal”: a mega sculpture between the Mapocho River and the Costanera Norte toll road in Santiago de Chile

LA INSATISFACCIÓN LABORAL COMO FACTOR DEL BAJO RENDIMIENTO DEL TRABAJADOR

OpenAIRE

Granda Carazas, Segundo Eloy

2014-01-01

El tema "la insatisfacción laboral como factor del bajo rendimiento del trabajador" es importante, ya que se puede constatar que en algunas organizaciones, pese a sus significativos esfuerzos para ampliar y modernizar su infraestructura, afrontan problemas de rendimiento laboral. Este artículo se orienta a determinar en qué medida la insatisfacción laboral se asocia al bajo rendimiento laboral en una organización. Como factores constituyentes de la insatisfacción laboral se considerar...

Aditivos alternativos ao uso de antimicrobianos na alimentação de frangos de corte

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Felipe Santos Dalólio

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito de diferentes aditivos alternativos aos antimicrobianos promotores de crescimento sobre o desempenho, o rendimento de carcaça e cortes e a qualidade da carne de frangos de corte no período de 1 a 42 dias de idade. Foram utilizadas 480 pintainhas de corte da linhagem Cobb 500, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições de 20 aves cada. Foi avaliado na fase total de criação, 1 a 42 dias, o ganho de peso (GP, a conversão alimentar (CA, o consumo de ração (CR, a viabilidade criatória (VB e o índice de eficiência produtivo (IEP. O rendimento de carcaça e a qualidade da carne foi avaliado aos 42 dias de idade. Avaliou-se as características de perda de peso por cocção (PPC, a maciez objetiva (MO, a capacidade de retenção de água (CRA e o pH. Os parâmetros de desempenho, de rendimento de carcaça e cortes e de qualidade da carne não foram afetados pela suplementação dos diferentes tipos de aditivos alternativos aos antimicrobianos promotores de crescimento (P>0,05. Conclui-se que, os aditivos promotores de crescimento podem ser utilizados na alimentação de frangos de corte, em substituição ao antibiótico, sem comprometer o desempenho e características de carcaça, no período de 1 a 42 dias de idade.

Origin of Oryza sativa in China inferred by nucleotide polymorphisms of organelle DNA.

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Xin Wei

Full Text Available China is rich of germplasm resources of common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff. and Asian cultivated rice (O. sativa L. which consists of two subspecies, indica and japonica. Previous studies have shown that China is one of the domestication centers of O. sativa. However, the geographic origin and the domestication times of O. sativa in China are still under debate. To settle these disputes, six chloroplast loci and four mitochondrial loci were selected to examine the relationships between 50 accessions of Asian cultivated rice and 119 accessions of common wild rice from China based on DNA sequence analysis in the present study. The results indicated that Southern China is the genetic diversity center of O. rufipogon and it might be the primary domestication region of O. sativa. Molecular dating suggested that the two subspecies had diverged 0.1 million years ago, much earlier than the beginning of rice domestication. Genetic differentiations and phylogeography analyses indicated that indica was domesticated from tropical O. rufipogon while japonica was domesticated from O. rufipogon which located in higher latitude. These results provided molecular evidences for the hypotheses of (i Southern China is the origin center of O. sativa in China and (ii the two subspecies of O. sativa were domesticated multiple times.

Effect of administering black cumin (Nigella sativa) toward postpartum mice (MusMusculus L.)

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Imelda, F.; Darti, N. A.

2018-03-01

The period of childbirth is a period for the health provider monitoring that less monitoring can cause the mother to suffer a variety of problemsandcomplications during childbirth such as post-partum infections. This type of research was an experimental group P0: control group, treatment groups by administering Nigella sativa P1:2.6mg/day, P2:3.9mg/day, P3:5.2mg/day, and P4:6.5mg/day, which each group 5 samples. The average amount of leukocytes after given Nigella sativa 2.6mg/day for seven days (P1) which was 7:10±0:57 (x103cells/mm3), and at least in female mice after given Nigella sativa 6.5mg/day for sevendays (P4) which was 6.62±0.52 (x103cells/mm3). The average amount lymphocytes after given Nigella sativa 2.6mg/day for seven days (P1) which was 63.40±4.77 (x103cells/mm3), and least in female mice after given Nigella sativa 3.9 mg/day for seven days (P3) which was 47.00±14:58 (x103cells/mm3). Amount of monocytes after given Nigella sativa 5.2mg/day for seven days (P3) which was 5.40±0.55 (x103cells/mm3), and least in female mice after given Nigella sativa 2.6mg/day for seven days (P1) which was 4.80±1.30 (x103cells/mm3).

The Protective Effects of Nigella sativa and Its Constituents on Induced Neurotoxicity

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Mohammad Reza Khazdair

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Nigella sativa (N. sativa is an annual plant and widely used as medicinal plant throughout the world. The seeds of the plant have been used traditionally in various disorders and as a spice to ranges of Persian foods. N. sativa has therapeutic effects on tracheal responsiveness (TR and lung inflammation on induced toxicity by Sulfur mustard. N. sativa has been widely used in treatment of various nervous system disorders such as Alzheimer disease, epilepsy, and neurotoxicity. Most of the therapeutic properties of this plant are due to the presence of some phenolic compounds especially thymoquinone (TQ, which is major bioactive component of the essential oil. The present review is an effort to provide a comprehensive study of the literature on scientific researches of pharmacological activities of the seeds of this plant on induced neurotoxicity.

Implementacion de un Taller Metalmecánico con Servicios de Corte y Soldaduras Especiales

OpenAIRE

Espol; Herrera, Wilman; Osorio, Ramón

2015-01-01

La propuesta de este negocio es brindar Servicio de Corte de planchas métalicas mediante una mesa con un sistema CNC (Control numérico computarizado) que son comandados por un sistema CAD-CAM y un equipo de nominado plasma, para relizar corte unitarios o en serie, desde las formas más sencillas hasta formas complejas. Además brindar sevicio de soldaduras especiales utilizando procesos modernos tales como METALIZACION, (Arc Sray, Flame Spray) Guayaquil Magíster en Administración de Empre...

Pharmacology of Marihuana (Cannabis sativa)

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Maickel, Roger P.

1973-01-01

A detailed discussion of marihuana (Cannabis sativa) providing the modes of use, history, chemistry, and physiologic properties of the drug. Cites research results relating to the pharmacologic effects of marihuana. These effects are categorized into five areas: behavioral, cardiovascular-respiratory, central nervous system, toxicity-toxicology,…

Bajo rendimiento escolar: una perspectiva desde el desarrollo del sistema nervioso

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K. Shapiro Bruce, MD.

2011-03-01

Full Text Available El bajo rendimiento escolar es un problema frecuente y tiene múltiples causas; las alteraciones que lo caracterizan, se expresan fundamentalmente en las áreas de funcionamiento cognitivo, académico y conductual. El bajo rendimiento escolar es una vía final común de diferentes trastornos, etiologías y mecanismos. Es habitual la presencia de múltiples alteraciones, porque la disfunción cerebral en la niñez generalmente afecta a muchas funciones. Consecuente con lo anterior, los programas de manejo deben ser individualizados, comprensivos e incorporar aspectos del niño en particular, la escuela y la familia. La planificación del tratamiento incluye, educación y entrenamiento de los padres, adecuaciones académicas, técnicas para mantener la autoestima y un enfoque psicofarmacológico. Es necesario monitorear en forma continua los programas de manejo especialmente para detectar comorbilidades importantes que puedan emerger, para realizar modificaciones que se adecuen a los cambios en las demandas académicas y sociales a las diferentes edades del niño y para proveer de información actualizada. Las consecuencias que tenga el bajo rendimiento escolar para el niño dependerán en medida importante de las alteraciones subyacentes. El personal de salud tiene múltiples roles en la prevención, detección, diagnóstico y manejo del niño con bajo rendimiento escolar.

Estratificación del bajo peso al nacer desde un enfoque de determinantes sociales

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Hilda María Delgado Acosta

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: el área materno-infantil requiere de un enfoque en sus determinantes para aumentar el alcance estratégico de sus programas. Objetivo: estratificar el bajo peso al nacer en el municipio de Cienfuegos y caracterizar el bajo peso de acuerdo a determinantes sociales seleccionadas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo, correlacional sobre la estratificación del bajo peso al nacer en los consejos populares del municipio Cienfuegos, en el período comprendido entre los años 2003 y 2007. Los estratos se definieron según el valor de la media del índice de bajo peso al nacer en este periodo. Para realizar el análisis de las variables cualitativas en muestras independientes se utilizó la prueba de independencia u homogeneidad utilizada en el caso de dos muestras con resultado dicotómico o más. El procesamiento estadístico se realizó en el programa SPSS versión 15,0 y se utilizaron como medidas matemáticas para las variables cualitativas el porcentaje, y para las variables cuantitativas la media aritmética. La técnica estadística para relacionar las variables fue la prueba Chi-cuadrado. Resultados: se mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los estratos de bajo, mediano y alto riesgo, en el nivel de escolaridad, estado civil, ocupación, evaluación nutricional, hábito de fumar, antecedentes de bajo peso al nacer, período ínter genésico. La única enfermedad asociada que mostró diferencias entre ellos fue la hipertensión gestacional. Conclusiones: el bajo peso al nacer continúa siendo un serio problema de salud en el municipio Cienfuegos, cuestión esta que debe ser abordada desde sus determinantes para realizar intervenciones futuras y el logro de mejores resultados.

Qualidade da carcaça e rendimento de cortes suínos com o uso de ractopamina

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Daniela de Souza Martins

2015-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do uso do aditivo ractopamina sobre os rendimentos dos cortes e a qualidade da carne suína (pH, cor, marmoreio e capacidade de retenção de água. Para os testes, foram utilizados 25 suínos alimentados com 7,5ppm de ractopamina na dieta e 25 suínos sem utilização deste aditivo. Os cortes foram obtidos através do fracionamento da carcaça em partes, sendo elas: pernil, paleta, sobrepaleta, barriga com costela e carré. Para os testes de rendimento de cortes padrão exportação, foram utilizadas 30 carcaças, sendo 15 de cada tratamento. Os resultados dos cortes de pernil e paleta foram expressos pela relação ao peso do corte preparado no padrão comercial, com relação ao peso da parte inteira obtida no momento que antecede a desossa. A utilização de Ractopamina na dieta promoveu redução no rendimento de toucinho de paleta (7,32% e toucinho de carré (11,85% e aumento no rendimento de carré sem toucinho (3,9%. Nos cortes padrão comercial (com a separação de ossos e gorduras, observou-se maior rendimento no pernil (7,46% e na paleta (9,03% com o uso do aditivo. Em relação à qualidade da carne, observou-se que o uso de ractopamina na dieta não teve influência sobre a cor e capacidade de retenção de água e teve influência sobre a redução do marmoreio da carne e pH final. Desta forma, a utilização de ractopamina na dieta suína tem influência sobre o rendimento dos cortes padrão comercial e redução da gordura na carcaça, não exercendo influência negativa sobre a qualidade da carne suína.

Why develop O. sativa x O. rufipogon chromosome segment substitution line libraries?

Science.gov (United States)

Transgressive variation has been observed in rice (Oryza sativa) as an increase in grain yield in advanced backcross mapping populations derived from crosses between several adapted O. sativa varieties and a single accession (IRGC105491) of the ancestral parent, O. rufipogon. The phenomena of hybrid...

Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of eruca sativa seed

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gulfraz, M.; Sadiq, A.; Tariq, H.; Imran, M.; Qureshi, R.; Zeenat, A.

2011-01-01

Antibacterial activity of various solvent extracts of Eruca sativa seed as well as seed oil was investigated against Gram+ve and Gram-ve bacterial strains. Maximum zone of inhibition was observed from seed oil followed by methanolic seed extracts from all bacterial strains compared with broad spectrum antibiotics gentamicine. MIC values of seed oil were within the ranges of 52-72 mu g/ml as compared to 56-70 mu g/ml standard antibiotic Gentamicine). Proximate and Phytochemical analysis of seed of E. sativa showed presence of all essential phyto constituents required for promising traditional medicine. Analysis of seed oil by gas chromatography revealed that there was high concentration of Erucic acid (51.2%) followed by oleic acid (15.1%) and cis-11-eicosenoic acid (12.5%). In addition, minor quantities of other essential and non essential fatty acids were also present. Therefore the present study supports effectiveness of E. sativa seeds for it use in traditional medicine used in various human disorders. (author)

A review on therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa: A miracle herb.

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmad, Aftab; Husain, Asif; Mujeeb, Mohd; Khan, Shah Alam; Najmi, Abul Kalam; Siddique, Nasir Ali; Damanhouri, Zoheir A; Anwar, Firoz

2013-05-01

Nigella sativa (N. sativa) (Family Ranunculaceae) is a widely used medicinal plant throughout the world. It is very popular in various traditional systems of medicine like Unani and Tibb, Ayurveda and Siddha. Seeds and oil have a long history of folklore usage in various systems of medicines and food. The seeds of N. sativa have been widely used in the treatment of different diseases and ailments. In Islamic literature, it is considered as one of the greatest forms of healing medicine. It has been recommended for using on regular basis in Tibb-e-Nabwi (Prophetic Medicine). It has been widely used as antihypertensive, liver tonics, diuretics, digestive, anti-diarrheal, appetite stimulant, analgesics, anti-bacterial and in skin disorders. Extensive studies on N. sativa have been carried out by various researchers and a wide spectrum of its pharmacological actions have been explored which may include antidiabetic, anticancer, immunomodulator, analgesic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic, bronchodilator, hepato-protective, renal protective, gastro-protective, antioxidant properties, etc. Due to its miraculous power of healing, N. sativa has got the place among the top ranked evidence based herbal medicines. This is also revealed that most of the therapeutic properties of this plant are due to the presence of thymoquinone which is major bioactive component of the essential oil. The present review is an effort to provide a detailed survey of the literature on scientific researches of pharmacognostical characteristics, chemical composition and pharmacological activities of the seeds of this plant.

A review on the inhibitory potential of Nigella sativa against pathogenic and toxigenic fungi.

Science.gov (United States)

Shokri, Hojjatollah

2016-01-01

Nigella sativa (N. sativa) grows in various parts of the world, particularly in Iran. It has been traditionally used as a folk remedy to treat a number of diseases. The seeds of this plant contain moisture, proteins, carbohydrates, crude fiber, alkaloids, saponins, ash, fixed oils and essential oil. The major components of the essential oil are thymoquinone, p-cymene, trans-anethole, 2-methyl-5(1-methyl ethyl)-Bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-en and γ-terpinene. So far, several pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-microbial have been reported for N. sativa or its active compounds. Thymoquinone, thymohydroquinone and thymol are the most active constituents which have different beneficial properties. The oil, extracts and some of N. sativa active components possessed moderate in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activity against pathogenic yeasts, dermatophytes, non-dermatophytic filamentous fungi and aflatoxin-producing fungi. The main morphological changes of pathogenic and toxigenic fungi treated with N. sativa oil were observed in the cell wall, plasma membrane and membranous organelles, particularly in the nuclei and mitochondria. Although this review represents first step in the search for a new anti-fungal drug, the full potential of N. sativa as a fungitoxic agent has not been exploited and necessitates further investigations.

Phytochemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic uses of black seed (Nigella sativa).

Science.gov (United States)

Kooti, Wesam; Hasanzadeh-Noohi, Zahra; Sharafi-Ahvazi, Naim; Asadi-Samani, Majid; Ashtary-Larky, Damoon

2016-10-01

Black seed (Nigella sativa) is an annual flowering plant from Ranunculaceae family, native to southwest Asia. This plant has many food and medicinal uses. The use of its seeds and oil is common for treatment of many diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, inflammatory diseases, diabetes and digestive diseases. The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive review on the scientific reports that have been published about N. sativa. The facts and statistics presented in this review article were gathered from the journals accessible in creditable databases such as Science Direct, Medline, PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, EMBASE, SID and IranMedex. The keywords searched in Persian and English books on medicinal plants and traditional medicine, as well as the above reputable databases were "Black seed", "Nigella sativa", "therapeutic effect", and "medicinal plant". The results showed that N. sativa has many biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, and wound healing activities. It also has effects on reproductive, digestive, immune and central nervous systems, such as anticonvulsant and analgesic activities. In summary, it can be used as a valuable plant for production of new drugs for treatment of many diseases. Copyright © 2016 China Pharmaceutical University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Bajo Peso al Nacer. Factores de riesgo y calidad de la atención Prenatal. Buenaventura. 2008-2009

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Luis Enrique Gallardo-Ibarra

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Se realizó estudio descriptivo sobre Bajo Peso al Nacer, Área de Salud Buenaventura, bienio 2008-2009, sobre factores de riesgo y calidad de la atención médica recibida por las gestantes que aportaron recién nacidos bajo peso. Los datos estadísticos se obtuvieron mediante revisión de historias clínicas familiares, obstétricas y hospitalarias. Se emplearon métodos estadísticos histórico lógico, análisis y síntesis e inducción-deducción. Se obtuvo predominio del CIUR como variedad de Bajo Peso al Nacer, mostraron asociación con el bajo peso al nacer la valoración nutricional Bajo Peso materna al inicio de la gestación, insuficiente ganancia de peso, ingreso percápita bajo, malas condiciones de vivienda, antecedentes de dos o más abortos, multigestación, período intergenésico corto, HTA y sepsis cervicovaginal. La Atención Prenatal fue deficiente. No existió relación entre grupos de edades menores de 20 o mayor de 35 años y hábitos tóxicos con la aparición del bajo peso al nacer.

"Nicarágua na encruzilhada": Cortázar, Vargas Llosa e a experiência sandinista

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Adriane Vidal Costa

2009-12-01

Full Text Available No final dos anos 1970 e início dos 80, Julio Cortázar e Mario Vargas Llosa compararam a Nicarágua sandinista com a Cuba de Fidel Castro, colocando em dia o debate sobre a revolução e o socialismo na América Latina. O presente trabalho analisa os artigos de Cortázar e Vargas Llosa para mostrar como eles compreenderam e traduziram a experiência sandinista. Em fins dos anos 1970, muitos intelectuais passaram a defender a Revolução Sandinista, como a possível revolução ideal ou uma nova chance para a experiência socialista na América Latina, como foi o caso de Cortázar. Vargas Llosa, desencantado com as esquerdas, apontava os "erros" do regime que poderiam levar a experiência sandinista a transformar o país centro-americano em uma "nova Cuba".

Polyketide synthases in Cannabis sativa L.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Flores Sanchez, Isvett Josefina

2008-01-01

Cannabis sativa L. plants produce a diverse array of secondary metabolites, which have been grouped in cannabinoids, flavonoids, stilbenoids, terpenoids, alkaloids and lignans; the cannabinoids are the best known group of natural products from this plant. The pharmacological aspects of this

Efecto de la maduración, coción y congelamiento sobre la suavidad, rendimiento y carga microbiana del corte de solomo (outside

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Alejandro Chac\\u00F3n Villalobos

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Se utilizaron 115 solomos (outside segúnsistema de corte americano con peso medio de 2,9 kg. Cincofueron destinados a pruebas de variación interna en fuerza decorte y 10 para análisis químicos de composición preliminares.Ochenta fueron empacados al vacío y madurados a 7 ºC duran-te siete días y posteriormente divididos en cuatro subgrupos de20 unidades. Un subgrupo se congeló a –25 ºC durante un mes.El segundo y tercero se cocinaron en una marmita hasta alcan-zar una temperatura interna estimada de 70 ºC. Al terminar lacocción el tercer subgrupo se congeló como se describió antes.El cuarto solo se maduró (siete días/7 °C. Veinte piezas frescas constituyeron el grupo control. Se determinó la fuerza decorte para las 100 piezas tratadas empleando el método de laAmerican Meat Science Association. Se estimó la calidad microbiológica y las pérdidas de peso de cada tratamiento. El pHde las piezas frescas, y de aquellas sometidas a los procesos demaduración fueron determinados. El solomo fresco mostró unaalta variabilidad en la fuerza de corte, estimada en 7,45 kg/cm2,y con una composición ligeramente alta en tejido conectivo(2,9 %. Presentó además valores de pH bajos que no se vensignificativamente incrementados por la maduración. Todos los tratamientos aumentaron en algún grado la suavidad del solomo y presentaron recuentos microbianos sanitariamenteaceptables. La menor mejoría en la suavidad correspondió aaquellos tratamientos que involucraron la cocción y la congelación. El tratamiento de maduración durante 7 días a 7 ºC fueel que generó mejores resultados generales.

Inhibitory effect of marine green algal extracts on germination of Lactuca sativa seeds.

Science.gov (United States)

Choi, Jae-Suk; Choi, In Soon

2016-03-01

The allelopathic potential of nine green seaweed species was examined based on germination and seedling growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Out of nine methanol extracts, Capsosiphon fulvescens and Monostroma nitidum extracts completely inhibited germination of L. sativa at 4 mg/filter paper after 24 hr of treatment. Water extracts of these seaweeds generally showed low anti-germination activities than methanol extracts. Of the nine water extracts, Enteromorpha linza extract completely inhibited L. sativa germination at 16 mg/filter paper after 24 hrs. To identify the primary active compounds, C. fulvescens. powder was successively fractionated according to polarity, and the main active agents against L. sativa were determined to be lipids (0.0% germination at 0.5 mg of lipids/paper disc). According to these results, extracts of C. fulvescens can be used to develop natural herbicidal agents and manage terrestrial weeds.

Social Change of Bajo Tribe Society in Karimunjawa: From "Sea Tribe" to "Land Tribe"

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Titiek Suliyati

2017-12-01

The result of the research shows that there is a social change in Bajo society living permanently in Karimunjawa that is, the change of daily behavior in the society, social interaction with other tribes, values held by the society and social institution, structure and social classes. Social change occurring to Bajo society in Karimunjawa brings positive influences. The social changes among others are awareness towards the importance of education, Bajo society has new jobs other than fisherman, the increase of income, living standard, also modernization in fisheries system. The negative impact as a consequence of the social changes is faded culture, changes in life orientation and views of life, and consumerism in the society.

Proceso de unión de insertos de carburo tungsteno en la fabricación de herramientas de corte individualizadas

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Estupiñán Camargo, John Alexánder

2013-01-01

En la fabricación de herramientas de corte para mecanizar materiales en condiciones adversas de corte se requiere que el sistema de sujeción del inserto de carburo de tungsteno mantenga la integridad y robustez durante el corte. El proceso de unión por soldadura fuerte (brazing) permite la unión de insertos de carburo de tungsteno con portaherramientas del acero al medio carbono debido a que estos no compartan las mismas propiedades físico-químicas; esta unión de materiales cerámicos co...

Secuelas del neurodesarrollo de recién nacidos prematuros de extremadamente bajo peso y de muy bajo peso a los dos años de edad, egresados de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales del Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins 2009-2014

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Fernández Sierra, Carmen; Matzumura Kasano, Juan; Gutiérrez Crespo, Hugo; Zamudio Eslava, Luisa; Melgarejo García, Giannina

2017-01-01

Objetivo: Describir las secuelas del neurodesarrollo de los recién nacidos prematuros de extremadamente bajo peso y de muy bajo peso a los dos años de edad, egresados de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales del Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, transversal en una población de 190 prematuros de extremadamente bajo peso y de muy bajo peso que nacieron durante enero 2009 a junio del 2014, egresados de la Unidad de Cuida...

A Review on the Cosmeceutical and External Applications of Nigella sativa

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Ahmad M. Eid

2017-01-01

Full Text Available It is estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO that most of the world’s population depends on herbal medicine for their health care. Nigella sativa (N. sativa, also known as black-caraway and as “Kalonji,” is a well-known seed all over the world. It is one of the most common medicinal plants worldwide and contains many useful chemical constituents that we can find in its fixed oil, such as thymoquinone, thymohydroquinone, dithymoquinone, thymol, nigellicine, carvacrol, nigellimine, nigellicine, nigellidine, and alpha-hederin. Due to these numerous important ingredients it was found that it affects different areas of our body and has many pharmacological effects as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing effect and also for acne vulgaris, skin cancer, pigmentation, and many cosmeceutical applications. Based on the folklore usage of N. sativa seeds and oil, they are used in various systems of food and medicines. The aim of this article is to provide a detailed survey of the literature of cosmeceutical and external applications of N. sativa which is expected to stimulate further studies on this subject.

El creciente malestar de las Cortes Castellanas ante la invasión de la vida municipal por la nobleza (1433-1435 = The Growing Dissatisfaction of the Castilian Cortes with the Invasion of Municipal Life by the Nobility (1433-1435

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Vicente Ángel Álvarez Palenzuela

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Solo una mínima parte del gran proyecto de reforma institucional diseñado en las Cortes de Zamora se aplica efectivamente, lo que explica el malestar que ponen de manifiesto las protestas de las cortes de Madrid de 1433; por otra parte, las Ordenanzas de Segovia constituyen una respuesta, imprescindible, pero parcial. Mientras se hace visible un incremento de poder de la oligarquía gobernante, en particular de don Álvaro, lo que comienza a provocar reticencias en ese grupo, las Cortes de Madrid de 1435 denuncian ásperamente el incumplimiento de importantes compromisos contraídos en Zamora, especialmente los que pretendían limitar el control de la vida municipal por los grandes, y replantean de nuevo viejos problemas de carácter fiscal, económico, jurídico, y administrativo. Aquella desconfianza y este descontento, además de la patente diferencia de objetivos de los miembros de la oligarquía, harán inviable todo proyecto de reforzamiento institucional.Only a small part of the great institutional reform project approved in the Cortes of Zamora was actually implemented, leading to dissatisfaction and the ensuing protests of the Cortes of Madrid of 1433. On the other hand, the Ordinances of Segovia were to provide an essential, if only partial, solution to this issue. While the ruling oligarchy —especially the faction led by Álvaro de Luna— visibly increased its power, leading to political animosities, the parliament of Madrid of 1435 denounced the neglect of important commitments adopted in Zamora. These concern the limits to municipal control by the high nobility, and once again the Cortes reiterates the need to deal with previously unresolved fiscal, economic, legal, and administrative issues. Along with irreconcilable differences in the objectives of the members of the oligarchy, distrust and dissatisfaction made unfeasible any project of institutional reform.

A Hypersensitivity-Like Response to Meloidogyne graminicola in Rice (Oryza sativa).

Science.gov (United States)

Phan, Ngan Thi; De Waele, Dirk; Lorieux, Mathias; Xiong, Lizhong; Bellafiore, Stephane

2018-04-01

Meloidogyne graminicola is a major plant-parasitic nematode affecting rice cultivation in Asia. Resistance to this nematode was found in the African rice genotypes Oryza glaberrima and O. longistaminata; however, due to interspecific hybrid sterility, the introgression of resistance genes in the widely consumed O. sativa varieties remains challenging. Recently, resistance was found in O. sativa and, here, we report for the first time the histological and genetic characterization of the resistance to M. graminicola in Zhonghua 11, an O. sativa variety. Bright-light microscopy and fluorescence observations of the root tissue of this variety revealed that the root cells surrounding the nematode displayed a hypersensitivity-like reaction with necrotic cells at early stages of infection when nematodes are migrating in the root's mesoderm. An accumulation of presumably phenolic compounds in the nematodes' neighboring root cells was also observed. In addition, at a later stage of infection, not only were few feeding sites observed but also the giant cells were underdeveloped, underlining an incompatible interaction. Furthermore, we generated a hybrid O. sativa population by crossing Zhonghua 11 with the susceptible O. sativa variety IR64 in order to describe the genetic background of this resistance. Our data suggested that the resistance to M. graminicola infection was qualitative rather than quantitative and, therefore, major resistance genes must be involved in this infection process. The full characterization of the defense mechanism and the preliminary study of the genetic inheritance of novel sources of resistance to Meloidogyne spp. in rice constitute a major step toward their use in crop breeding.

Condiciones de trabajo materno y bajo peso al nacer en la Ciudad de México

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CERÓN-MIRELES PRUDENCIA

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Estudiar la asociación entre condiciones de trabajo materno y bajo peso al nacer en la Ciudad de México. Material y métodos. Se encuestaron 2 623 trabajadoras que atendieron sus partos en tres grandes hospitales de la Ciudad de México en 1992. Se obtuvo información sobre los principales factores biológicos y sociales que se asocian al bajo peso al nacer; asimismo, se determinó el estrés ocupacional utilizando el instrumento desarrollado por Karasek. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística para evaluar la relación de las condiciones de trabajo con el bajo peso al nacer, controlando por variables confusoras. Resultados. El bajo peso al nacer fue más alto en trabajadoras con jornadas mayores a 50 horas semanales (RM= 1.6; IC= 1.17, 2.28 y con conflictos laborales (RM= 1.5; IC= 1.0, 2.25. La falta de apoyo social tangible fue identificado como un factor de riesgo de bajo peso al nacer (RM= 1.7; IC= 1.20, 2.33. Las medidas preventivas laborales como el cambio de tareas, disminución de la jornada y las salidas por enfermedad no mostraron un efecto benéfico en el peso al nacer, a excepción de la licencia de maternidad; las madres que no la tuvieron mostraron una probabilidad 2.2 veces mayor para bajo peso al nacer (IC= 1.66, 2.93. Conclusiones. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de identificar los factores de riesgo ocupacional en el embarazo..

Nigella sativa improves the carbon tetrachloride-induced lung damage in rats through repression of erk/akt pathway

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Abdullah Aslan

2015-08-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to examine whether Nigella sativa plays a protective role against the damage in the lung by administering carbon tetra-chloride (CCl4 to rats. Male Wistar albino (n=28, 8 weeks old rats were divided into 4 groups: a negative control: Normal water consuming group to which no CCl4 and N. sativa was administered; b Positive control: Normal water consuming group to which no CCl4 was administered but N. sativa was administered; c CCl4 Group: Normal water consuming and group to which CCl4 was administered (1.5 mL/kg, ip; d N. sativa plus CCl4 group: CCl4 and N. sativa administered group (1.5 mL/kg, ip. Caspase-3, caspase -9, erk, akt protein syntheses were examined via Western blotting. Malondialdehyde determination in lung tissue was made using spectrophotometer. As a results, malondialdehyde amount was decreased in the CCl4 plus N. sativa group in comparison to CCl4 group whereas caspase-3, caspase-9 was increased and erk, akt had decreased. These results show that N. sativa protects the lung against oxidative damage.

Sensitization and allergy to Cannabis sativa leaves in a population of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)-sensitized patients.

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de Larramendi, Carlos Hernando; Carnés, Jerónimo; García-Abujeta, José Luís; García-Endrino, Ana; Muñoz-Palomino, Elena; Huertas, Angel Julio; Fernández-Caldas, Enrique; Ferrer, Angel

2008-01-01

Cases of allergy to Cannabis sativa have occasionally been reported, but both the allergenic profile and eventual cross-reactivity pattern remain unknown. To analyze the allergenic profile of a population of patients from Spain sensitized to C. sativa and to characterize the C. sativa leaf extract. A total of 32 subjects were enrolled in the study: group A, 10 individuals sensitized to tomato, reporting reactions by contact or inhalation to Cannabis; group B, 14 individuals sensitized to tomato, without reactions to Cannabis; group C, 8 individuals not sensitized to tomato and without reactions to Cannabis. Sensitivity to Cannabis, tomato and peach peel, Platanus hybrida and Artemisia vulgaris pollen extracts was measured by skin tests and specific IgE. Individual immunoblots and inhibition experiments with a pool of sera were conducted. All tomato-sensitized subjects (and 1 negative) had positive skin tests to C. sativa leaves and hashish. Specific IgE to C. sativa and peach peel was more common than to tomato. Immunoblot experiments showed 2 prominent bands of 10 and 14 kDa and 2 weakly recognized bands of 30 and 45 kDa. Tomato, peach and A. vulgaris extracts inhibited most of the bands present in C. sativa. P. hybrida inhibited only the high-molecular-weight bands. Sensitization to C. sativa with or without symptoms is frequent among patients in Spain sensitized to tomato. C. sativa leaves are a potential allergenic source and their allergens may cross-react with other allergenic sources from plants (fruit peels and pollen). (c) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel

Allelopathic effect of medicinal plant Cannabis sativa L. on Lactuca sativa L. seed germination

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Homa MAHMOODZADEH

2015-11-01

Full Text Available In order to examine allelopathic effect of Cannabis sativa L. on germination capability and seedling growth of Lactuca sativa L., a study was performed in laboratory conditions. Treatments were set up in randomised block design in four replications for each of four concentration ranges of 25, 50, 75 and 100 % of aqueous extract made of shoot parts and 4 identical extract concentrations made of root of cannabis. Control variant was lettuce seed treated by distilled water. During the studies shoot and seminal root length of lettuce seedlings were measured after treatments with different concentrations of extracts made of root and shoot parts of cannabis, and the obtained values were compared with the control. The obtained results suggest that the extract from the shoot parts of cannabis in high concentrations of 75 and 100 % had inhibiting effect to the germination indices while the extract from the root had no statistically significant effect on germination of lettuce seeds. Extract made of root part of cannabis showed also stimulatory effect to shoot and seminal root length of lettuce seedlings in extract concentrations of 50, 75 and 100 %.

Gastrointestinal effects of Nigella sativa and its main constituent, thymoquinone: a review

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Farzaneh Shakeri

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Gastrointestinal (GI diseases affect a large number of people all over the world. Uncontrolled acid secretion and occurrence of gastric ulcers are common disorders of GI tract which pose serious problems to human health. Many synthetic drugs have been used to treat GI disorders but a definite cure has not been discovered so far and the available medications cause several side effects. Nigella sativa (N. sativa (Ranunculacea has several therapeutic effects which are attributed to its constituents like nigellicine, nigellidine, thymoquinone, dithymoquinone, thymol and carvacrol. Several beneficial pharmacological properties of this plant such as anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-histaminic, anti-hypertensive, hypoglycemic, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and immunomodulatory effects were reported and different therapeutic properties such as reliving bronchial asthma, jaundice, hydrophobia, paralysis, conjunctivitis, piles, skin diseases, anorexia, headache, dysentery, infections, obesity, back pain, hypertension and gastrointestinal problems, have been described for the seeds of N. sativa and its oil. The present review provides a detailed summery of scientific researches regarding gastrointestinal effect of N. sativa and its main constituent, thymoquinone.

Aplicação de um sistema de classificação de carcaças e cortes e efeito pós abate da qualidade de cortes de frango criados no sistema alternativo.

OpenAIRE

Mónica Beatriz Alvarado Huallanco

2005-01-01

A qualidade da carne envolve aspectos estéticos, avaliados pelo consumidor e físico-químicos importantes para o processador, os quais podem ser controlados nas diversas etapas de produção. Na primeira fase, a fim de determinar a qualidade de carcaças e cortes aplicou-se um sistema de classificação, os quais foram avaliados na aparência (conformação, conteúdo de carne, cobertura de gordura, depenagem, carne exposta e corte, ossos quebrados, descolorações e hematomas) e classificados em níveis ...

Ductilidad y tenacidad de un borde cortado por plasma en una chapa de acero S460M de 15 mm de espesor

OpenAIRE

Aldazabal, J.; Martín-Meizoso, A.; Cicero González, Sergio; Klimpel, A.; Bannister, A.

2015-01-01

Los procesos de corte (y soldadura) son sin duda traumáticos para la microestructura de los materiales, de los que se deriva su comportamiento mecánico. Además esto afecta a la superficie, lo que agrava el problema, pues con frecuencia son las zonas que soportan unos mayores esfuerzos. En este trabajo se propone determinar si un corte por plasma mejora o no su comportamiento mecánico (fundamentalmente de cara a su comportamiento en fatiga bajo cargas alternadas). Se presentan los resultado...

O problema de corte de estoque em indústrias de móveis de pequeno e médio portes

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Socorro Rangel

2008-12-01

Full Text Available A geração de padrões de corte para cortar painéis retangulares de madeira em itens retangulares menores é uma tarefa rotineira em indústrias de móveis. Além do objetivo usual de minimizar perdas, as indústrias procuram gerar padrões de corte que facilitem o processo de corte. Neste trabalho analisamos os padrões de corte adotados por uma fábrica característica do Pólo Moveleiro de Votuporanga-SP. Propomos uma heurística para a geração de um conjunto de padrões de corte baseados em padrões n-grupos e usamos na solução do problema de corte de estoque. Comparamos a solução do método heurístico com a solução obtida através do método em 2-estágios de Gilmore e Gomory e a prática da fábrica. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a heurística proposta é capaz de gerar padrões de corte similares aos utilizados pela fábrica, com índices de perda iguais ou melhores.Defining cutting patterns to cut rectangular plates to produce smaller rectangular pieces with specified sizes and demands is an every day task in the furniture industry. Besides the usual interest in cutting patterns that minimizes waste, there is also interest in developing cutting patterns that allows a rapid manipulation of the plates. In this work we analyze the cutting patterns used in a furniture industry situated at the state of São Paulo-Brazil and present a heuristic procedure to generate cutting patterns based on n-group guillotine pattern. We compare the heuristic solution with the solution given by the traditional 2-stage Gilmore-Gomory method and the industry practice. The results indicate that the proposed heuristic can generate cutting patterns similar to the ones used in the industry with waste index that are equal or better.

Silymarin and Nigella sativa extract ameliorate paracetamol induced oxidative stress and renal dysfunction in male mice

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Reham Zakaria Hamza

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Objective: To evaluate the ameliorative role of silymarin or/and Nigella sativa (N. sativa water extract against N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP-induced renal function deterioration in male mice at the biochemical levels. Methods: The mice were divided into seven groups (10/group. The first group was served as control. The second group was treated with dose of APAP. The third and fourth groups were treated with silymarin alone and N. sativa water extract alone, respectively. The fifth and sixth groups were treated with combination of APAP with silymarin and APAP with N. sativa water extract, respectively. The seventh group was treated with a combination of both ameliorative compounds (silymarin and N. sativa water extract with APAP and all animals were treated for a period of 30 days. Results: Exposure to APAP at the treated dose for mice led to an alteration of kidney function parameters, increase in the level of serum urea and creatinine. Also, paracetamol administration induced oxidative stress in kidney homogenates by increasing malondialdhyde level and decreasing superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and this stress was ameliorated by administration of either silymarin or N. sativa water extract. Conclusions: Administration of silymarin or/and N. sativa water extract to APAP-treated mice alleviate the toxicity of APAP, and this appeared clearly by biochemical improvement of kidney function parameters and antioxidant parameters. But, the alleviation is more pronounced with the both antioxidants. Thus, the pronounce effect of silymarin and N. sativa water extract is most effective in reducing the toxicity induced by APAP and improving the kidney function parameters and antioxidant status of kidney of male mice.

La cortesía lingüística en la publicidad editorial

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Hernández Asunción Escribano

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Todas las estrategias corteses que refuerzan la imagen o el territorio de los dos polos del proceso comunicativo, emisor y receptor, o que mitigan la vulneración de ambos, se ponen en la retórica publicitaria editorial al servicio de la venta de los productos editoriales y librescos. La cortesía es recurrida, por tanto, en este ámbito comercial como modo de acercamiento al posible comprador mediante los refuerzos valorizantes de la imagen y del territorio, propios o ajenos, y atenuadores, en el caso de los actos descorteses. En este estudio nos acercamos a ocho maneras en las que la retórica editorial recurre a la cortesía para conseguir incrementar sus ventas mediante los usos lingüísticos intensificadores o mitigadores con los que las editoriales construyen y proyectan su mejor identidad.

A Novel Role of Eruca sativa Mill. (Rocket Extract: Antiplatelet (NF-κB Inhibition and Antithrombotic Activities

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Eduardo Fuentes

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Background: Epidemiological studies have shown the prevention of cardiovascular diseases through the regular consumption of vegetables. Eruca sativa Mill., commonly known as rocket, is a leafy vegetable that has anti-inflammatory activity. However, its antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities have not been described. Methods: Eruca sativa Mill. aqueous extract (0.1 to 1 mg/mL, was evaluated on human platelets: (i P-selectin expression by flow cytometry; (ii platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen and arachidonic acid; (iii IL-1β, TGF-β1, CCL5 and thromboxane B2 release; and (iv activation of NF-κB and PKA by western blot. Furthermore, (v antithrombotic activity (200 mg/kg and (vi bleeding time in murine models were evaluated. Results: Eruca sativa Mill. aqueous extract (0.1 to 1 mg/mL inhibited P-selectin expression and platelet aggregation induced by ADP. The release of platelet inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, TGF-β1, CCL5 and thromboxane B2 induced by ADP was inhibited by Eruca sativa Mill. aqueous extract. Furthermore, Eruca sativa Mill. aqueous extract inhibited NF-κB activation. Finally, in murine models, Eruca sativa Mill. aqueous extract showed significant antithrombotic activity and a slight effect on bleeding time. Conclusion: Eruca sativa Mill. presents antiplatelet and antithrombotic activity.

Origin and domestication of Lactuca sativa L.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vries, de I.M.

1997-01-01

The domestication of lettuce, Lactuca sativa L. is described on the basis of literature study. The centre of origin is discussed. A historical survey is made of the distribution of the groups of Lactuca cultivars over the world.

Anxiolytic property of hydro-alcohol extract of Lactuca sativa and its effect on behavioral activities of mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Harsha, Singapura Nagesh; Anilakumar, Kandangath Raghavan

2013-01-01

Lactuca sativa, belonging to the Asteraceae family, is a leafy vegetable known for its medicinal properties. This study aimed to understand the mechanism of Lactuca sativa extract with respect to pharmacological action.We investigated the anxiolytic effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of leaves of Lactuca sativa on mice. The behavioral tests performed on mice models to assess anti-anxiety properties were: open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze test (EPM), elevated T maze test, and marble burying test. Increased locomotor activity and time spent in the "open-arm" were observed in extract fed group. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite levels were decreased, catalase and glutathione levels were increased in Lactuca sativa treated mice. The data obtained in the present study suggests that the extract of Lactuca sativa can afford significant protection against anxiolytic activity.

TOXICITY OF METHYL-TERT BYTYL ETHER (MTBE) TO PLANTS (AVENA SATIVA, ZEA MAYS, TRITICUM AESTIVUM, AND LACTUCA SATIVA)

Science.gov (United States)

Effects of Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) on the germination of seeds and growth of the plant were studied in some laboratory experiments. Test plants were wild oat (Avena sative), sweet corn (Zea mays), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Seed germination,...

Avaliação de fenos de capim-buffel colhido em diferentes alturas de corte

OpenAIRE

Pinho, Ricardo Martins Araujo; Santos, Edson Mauro; Bezerra, Higor Fábio Carvalho; Oliveira, Juliana Silva de; Carvalho, Gleidson Giordano Pinto de; Campos, Fleming Sena; Pereira, Gildenia Araujo; Correia, Robervânia Maria

2013-01-01

Objetivou-se avaliar o rendimento forrageiro, composição bromatológica e recuperação de matéria seca do feno de capim-buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris L.), colhido em diferentes alturas de corte. O experimento foi realizado na Estação Experimental Pendência, da Empresa Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária da Paraíba S.A. (EMEPA), situada no Município de Soledade-PB. Utilizou-se um delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com quatro alturas de corte (30; 40; 50 e 60cm) e cinco repetições. O ren...

Optimización de la distribución y corte de piezas irregulares en chapas para la industria minera

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José Arzola-Ruíz

2010-03-01

Full Text Available La organización de los procesos productivos es considerada una problemática altamente compleja en la cual han aplicado técnicas de optimización y empleo de sistemas CAPP (Computer Aided Process Planning. Los altos niveles de producción y consumo de materiales durante el proceso de corte de piezas irregulares en chapas, demandan el empleo de estas técnicas, con el propósito de obtener soluciones que permitan reducir los niveles de consumo energéticos y de materiales, aumentando así la productividad y eficiencia del proceso. En este artículo se muestran los aspectos fundamentales de un procedimiento para la optimización de la distribución y corte de las piezas en chapas, teniendo en cuenta las condiciones tecnológicas del proceso de corte. El aprovechamiento de material y las mínimas trayectorias de corte durante el proceso de fabricación son definidos como indicadores de eficiencia para el proceso de distribución y corte de piezas irregulares en chapas. El procedimiento abarca el empleo de heurísticas y un enfoque sistémico para generar soluciones que aporten el mejor compromiso de los valores de los indicadores de eficiencia. Los resultados obtenidos con el procedimiento propuesto mejoran significativamente los indicadores antes mencionados comparados con métodos y esquemas de solución de trabajos precedentes.

Aspectos terapêuticos de compostos da planta Cannabis sativa

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Honório Káthia Maria

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Several cannabinoid compounds present therapeutic properties, but also have psychotropic effects, limiting their use as medicine. Nowadays, many important discoveries on the compounds extracted from the plant Cannabis sativa (cannabinoids have contributed to understand the therapeutic properties of these compounds. The main discoveries in the last years on the cannabinoid compounds were: the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, the endogenous cannabinoids and the possible mechanisms of action involved in the interaction between cannabinoid compounds and the biological receptors. So, from the therapeutical aspects presented in this work, we intended to show the evolution of the Cannabis sativa research and the possible medicinal use of cannabinoid compounds.

Perubahan Sosial Pada Komunitas Suku Bajo Di Pesisir Teluk Tomini

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Muhammad Obie

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract: Society and culture of human being always change as an ever –present phenomena in the world. A distinction is sometimes made then between processes of change within the social structure, which serve in part to maintain the structure, and, even the processes itself can be slow or fast through evolusion and revolusion.   One of the factors that quicken the social change process is the government interventions. This study aims at analyzing the social change on the Bajo Tribe community as the impact of various government programs at Tomini bay coastal. This research used strategy of historical sociology. The kinds of data collected were primer and secondary data that were analyzed by using qualitative approac. The result showed that various   government programs at Tomini bay, such as designating conservation area, granting concession license to private sectors through forest concession right (FCR, indefeasible right of use (IRU, and fishing industry at the bay had caused the loss of access of the Bajo tribe community to coastal and marine resources area. Various interventions of government programs had implication on resettlement of the Bajo tribe community, causing the Bajo tribe divided into sea Bajo and land Bajo. The loss of access of the Bajo tribe to coastal and marine resources caused traditional institution weaken which made its philosophy of living in harmony with nature, and  conservation ethics fade away, its local wisdom, and self identity lose, and its social capital destructed.  الملخص: كان المجتمع وحضارته متغيّرين في أيّ كان المجتمع وهذه الحضارة. ويكون الفرق في كون هذا التغيّر. قد تكون عملية التغيّر متمهّلة أو سريعة وقد تكون عن طريق التطوّر والثّورة. وأحد العناصر المسرعة في عملية هذا التغيّر هو تدخّل الحكومة. حاولت هذه �

Návštěva muzea s Cortázarem a Nabokovem

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Jedličková, Alice

2008-01-01

Roč. 18, č. 37 (2008), s. 40-57 ISSN 0862-8440 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z90560517 Keywords : Narratology * Cortázar, Julio * Nabokov , Vladimir Subject RIV: AJ - Letters, Mass-media, Audiovision

Genetic identification of female Cannabis sativa plants at early developmental stage.

Science.gov (United States)

Techen, Natascha; Chandra, Suman; Lata, Hemant; Elsohly, Mahmoud A; Khan, Ikhlas A

2010-11-01

Sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers were used to identify female plants at an early developmental stage in four different varieties of Cannabis sativa. Using the cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method, DNA was isolated from two-week-old plants of three drug-type varieties (Terbag W1, Terbag K2, and Terbag MX) and one fiber-type variety (Terbag Fedora A7) of C. sativa grown under controlled environmental conditions through seeds. Attempts to use MADC2 (male-associated DNA from Cannabis sativa) primers as a marker to identify the sex of Cannabis sativa plants were successful. Amplification of genomic DNA using MADC2-F and MADC2-R primers produced two distinct fragments, one with a size of approximately 450 bp for female plants and one for male plants with a size of approximately 300 bp. After harvesting the tissues for DNA extraction, plants were subjected to a flowering photoperiod (i.e., 12-h light cycle), and the appearance of flowers was compared with the DNA analysis. The results of the molecular analysis were found to be concordant with the appearance of male or female flowers. The results of this study represent a quick and reliable technique for the identification of sex in Cannabis plants using SCAR markers at a very early developmental stage. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Estudio inmunohistoquímico de moléculas de adhesión en placentas de niños de bajo peso al nacer en el Hospital Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (Colombia

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Luz Alba Silvera Arenas

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Observar la expresión de moléculas de adhesión VCAM-1, ICAM-1 en placentas de niños de bajo peso al nacer. Se estudiaron 21 placentas de pacientes atendidas en el Hospital Universidad del Norte en el periodo de mayo a diciembre de 2006. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó estudio macroscópico de las placentas: forma, peso, diámetro grosor, consistencia, color, olor. Para estudios microscópicos se realizaron 5 cortes de la placa corial, uno del rollo de membrana y otro del cordón umbilical. Los cortes fueron fijados en formol al 10 %, incluidos en parafina, coloreados con hematoxilia - eosina para estudios morfológicos. Para estudios inmunohistoquímicos se usaron anticuerpos monoclonales Nova Castra para ICAM-1, VCAM-1, macrófagos. Resultados: Dieciocho placentas de forma redonda, 3 ovaladas; el peso varió entre 240 - 400 gramos; 3 presentaron infarto en los cotiledones. En la micro 18 presentaron necrosis hialina de la media, hiperplasia de la intima, macrófagos xantomatosos, infiltrado linfocitario en tres. En la inmunohistoquímica se observó expresión de ICAM-1, VCAM-1, en la basal de las vellosidades coriales, en la basal de los vasos sanguíneos y macrófagos en el estroma conjuntivo Conclusiones: En dieciocho de los casos los cambios fueron compatibles con preeclampsia, tres con proceso virales. La expresión de moléculas de adhesión y macrófago en la inmunohistoquímica nos sugiere que estas moléculas son fundamentales en los proceso fisiopatológicos de la placenta.

Manifesto dos professores públicos de instrucção primária da corte (1871

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Daniel Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Lemos

2011-07-01

Full Text Available

Na década de 1870, a Corte brasileira se movimentava intensamente. O fim da guerra do Paraguai parecia inaugurar um novo tempo de reformas. Idéias, como o abolicionismo e a República, assumiam um novo vigor. Novos jornais eram criados, o que aumentava a circulação dos debates. Era um momento de esperança. Diversos projetos disputavam espaços e apresentavam diferentes concepções relativas ao processo de construção do Estado e da nacionalidade. Nesse cenário, um grupo de professores públicos primários da Corte Imperial se reuniu e publicou, no formato de um pequeno livro de vinte e uma páginas, o Manifesto dos professores públicos de instrucção primária da corte. O manifesto é datado de 28 de julho de 1871 e foi impresso pela Tipografia de J. Villeneuve e Cia. 140 anos depois da publicação existe apenas um único exemplar conhecido, localizado na Biblioteca Nacional do Rio de Janeiro.

Transcriptome Analysis of Two Vicia sativa Subspecies: Mining Molecular Markers to Enhance Genomic Resources for Vetch Improvement

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Tae-Sung Kim

2015-11-01

Full Text Available The vetch (Vicia sativa is one of the most important annual forage legumes globally due to its multiple uses and high nutritional content. Despite these agronomical benefits, many drawbacks, including cyano-alanine toxin, has reduced the agronomic value of vetch varieties. Here, we used 454 technology to sequence the two V. sativa subspecies (ssp. sativa and ssp. nigra to enrich functional information and genetic marker resources for the vetch research community. A total of 86,532 and 47,103 reads produced 35,202 and 18,808 unigenes with average lengths of 735 and 601 bp for V. sativa sativa and V. sativa nigra, respectively. Gene Ontology annotations and the cluster of orthologous gene classes were used to annotate the function of the Vicia transcriptomes. The Vicia transcriptome sequences were then mined for simple sequence repeat (SSR and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP markers. About 13% and 3% of the Vicia unigenes contained the putative SSR and SNP sequences, respectively. Among those SSRs, 100 were chosen for the validation and the polymorphism test using the Vicia germplasm set. Thus, our approach takes advantage of the utility of transcriptomic data to expedite a vetch breeding program.

La influencia de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional en el proceso legislativo en Colombia

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Yenny Andrea Celemín Caicedo

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Los contenidos sustantivos de la ley en Colombia han empezado a alimentarse de las interpretaciones y las órdenes impartidas por la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional. Sin embargo, la jurisprudencia de la Corte sobre el cumplimiento por parte del legislador de los requerimientos de carácter procedimental no ha tenido el mismo impacto. El presente ensayo tiene el propósito de determinar algunas subreglas constitucionales en relación con el derecho constitucional del procedimiento legislativo y avanzar en la determinación de las razones por las cuales esta jurisprudencia no ha logrado impactar plenamente la actividad procedimental del legislador.

Bajo materialismo y surrealismo. El debate Bataille-Breton

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Noelia Denise Dunan

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Hacia 1923 Georges Bataille era un joven desconocido que comenzaba a entablar amistades y también enemistades en el núcleo del movimiento surrealista e intelectual de París. Alentado por algunos de aquellos vínculos, lee a Mauss y Durkheim, Nietzsche y Freud y, comienza a delinear un pensamiento que se plasmará en la creación de Documents. Resulta difícil comprender la relevancia de esta revista y la producción batailleana sin referir a sus primeras lecturas y al debate que tempranamente entabló con el máximo exponente del movimiento surrealista, André Breton. Bataille coordinó allí un grupo de disidentes y convirtió la publicación en una máquina contra el surrealismo. El presente artículo desarrolla la formación de Bataille para hacer hincapié en la categoría de bajo materialismo construida en tensión entre el idealismo surrealista y los distintos materialismos. Así puede verse que Documents y el bajo materialismo conjugan las preocupaciones que perseguirá toda su vida.

Evaluation of phenolic profile, enzyme inhibitory and antimicrobial activities of Nigella sativa L. seed extracts

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Anela Topcagic

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Black cumin (Nigella sativa L. [N.sativa] seed extracts demonstrated numerous beneficial biological effects including, among others, antidiabetic, anticancer, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activity. To better understand the phytochemical composition of N. sativa seeds, methanol seed extracts were analyzed for phenolic acid and flavonoid content. Furthermore, we tested N. sativa methanol, n-hexane, and aqueous seed extracts for their inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE and catalase (CAT as well as for antimicrobial activity against several bacterial and a yeast strains. The phenolic content of N. sativa was analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS. The inhibition of BChE was assessed by modified Ellman’s method, and the inhibition of CAT was determined by monitoring hydrogen peroxide consumption. The extracts were tested against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli using the agar diffusion method. The UHPLC-MS/MS method allowed the identification and quantification of 23 phenolic compounds within 15 minutes. The major components found in N. sativa seed extract were sinapinic acid (7.22 ± 0.73 µg/mg as a phenolic acid and kaempferol (11.74 ± 0.92 µg/mg as a flavonoid. All extracts showed inhibitory activity against BChE, with methanol seed extract demonstrating the highest inhibitory activity (inhibitory concentration 50% [IC50] 79.11 ± 6.06 µg/ml. The methanol seed extract also showed strong inhibitory activity against CAT with an IC50 value of 6.61 ± 0.27 µg/ml. Finally, the methanol extract exhibited considerable inhibitory activity against the tested microbial strains. Overall, this is the first study to investigate the ability of black cumin seed extracts to inhibit CAT. Our results indicate that N. sativa seed can be considered as an effective inhibitor

Autonomía del Ejército y órganos superiores de defensa nacional en la transición

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JOAQUÍN LLEIXÁ

1986-01-01

Full Text Available Durante la reciente transición hacia la democracia en España, las Fuerzas Armadas fueron situadas bajo el control del monarca, las Cortes Generales, el Presidente, el Parlamento, la Junta de Defensa Nacional, El Ministro de Defensa y sus subordinados. Configurándose entre todos ellos por consiguiente un verdadero sistema con sus interdependencias, controles y equilibrio internos. Además de a dichos órganos superiores de la defensa nacional, se presta especial atención a las diferencias a las relaciones entre el jefe del estado y las Fuerzas Armadas bajo la dictadura de Francisco Franco y bajo la recientemente restaurada monarquía constitucional.

[Analysis of essential oil extracted from Lactuca sativa seeds growing in Xinjiang by GC-MS].

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Fang; Wang, Qiang; Haji, Akber Aisa

2011-12-01

To analyze the components of essential oil from Lactuca sativa seeds growing in Xinjiang. The components of essential oil from Lactuca sativa seeds were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). 62 components were identified from 71 separated peaks,amounting to total mass fraction 95.07%. The dominant compounds were n-Hexanol (36.31%), n-Hexanal (13.71%), trans-2-Octen-l-ol (8.09%) and 2-n-Pentylfuran (4.41%). The research provides a theoretical basis for the exploitation and use of Lactuca sativa seeds resource.

Factores de riesgo de bajo peso al nacer en un hospital cubano, 1997-2000

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Escobar José Andrés Cabrales

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Identificar qué factores de riesgo materno durante el embarazo se asocian a la incidencia de bajo peso al nacer (menos de 2 500 g. Métodos. Se diseñó un estudio de casos y testigos con 764 casos de nacimiento simple con un peso al nacer de menos de 2 500 g, y 1 437 testigos del Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Provincial de Sancti Spíritus, Cuba, durante el cuatrienio de 1997-2000. Los datos se obtuvieron de historias clínicas, registros de partos y entrevistas personales con las madres. Se realizó un análisis con dos variables y se controlaron los posibles factores de confusión mediante regresión logística dicotómica con el programa SPSS. Se usó un modelo final de múltiples variables para identificar los factores de riesgo maternos asociados con el bajo peso al nacer. Resultados. El análisis con múltiples variables mostró una asociación significativa del bajo peso al nacer con la presencia de anemia en la madre cuando se detectó el embarazo, la sepsis urinaria durante el embarazo, el asma bronquial, un aumento de peso materno menor de 8 kg durante todo el embarazo, el hábito de fumar durante el mismo, antecedentes de bajo peso al nacer en partos anteriores, la presencia de hipertensión arterial desde antes de la gestación y la consulta prenatal extemporánea. Conclusiones. A partir de estos resultados se concluyó que, independientemente de la medida de impacto utilizada, es importante tratar de disminuir los factores de riesgo identificados a fin de reducir la incidencia del bajo peso al nacer en la provincia de Sancti Spíritus.

Factores de riesgo de bajo peso al nacer en un hospital cubano, 1997-2000

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José Andrés Cabrales Escobar

2002-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Identificar qué factores de riesgo materno durante el embarazo se asocian a la incidencia de bajo peso al nacer (menos de 2 500 g. Métodos. Se diseñó un estudio de casos y testigos con 764 casos de nacimiento simple con un peso al nacer de menos de 2 500 g, y 1 437 testigos del Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Provincial de Sancti Spíritus, Cuba, durante el cuatrienio de 1997-2000. Los datos se obtuvieron de historias clínicas, registros de partos y entrevistas personales con las madres. Se realizó un análisis con dos variables y se controlaron los posibles factores de confusión mediante regresión logística dicotómica con el programa SPSS. Se usó un modelo final de múltiples variables para identificar los factores de riesgo maternos asociados con el bajo peso al nacer. Resultados. El análisis con múltiples variables mostró una asociación significativa del bajo peso al nacer con la presencia de anemia en la madre cuando se detectó el embarazo, la sepsis urinaria durante el embarazo, el asma bronquial, un aumento de peso materno menor de 8 kg durante todo el embarazo, el hábito de fumar durante el mismo, antecedentes de bajo peso al nacer en partos anteriores, la presencia de hipertensión arterial desde antes de la gestación y la consulta prenatal extemporánea. Conclusiones. A partir de estos resultados se concluyó que, independientemente de la medida de impacto utilizada, es importante tratar de disminuir los factores de riesgo identificados a fin de reducir la incidencia del bajo peso al nacer en la provincia de Sancti Spíritus.

Study of the behavior of sugarcane bagasse submitted to cutting

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Nelson Arzola

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar el comportamiento del bagazo de caña de azúcar sometido a corte, como función de su contenido de humedad, ángulo de filo de la cuchilla y la velocidad de corte. La energía de corte específica y la fuerza de corte pico fueron medidas empleando un dispositivo experimental desarrollado para estos experimentos. Se realizó el análisis de los resultados del diseño factorial completo utilizando un análisis de varianza (ANOVA. Las superficies de respuestas y los modelos empíricos para la energía de corte específica y la fuerza de corte pico se obtuvieron mediante software estadístico. Un ángulo de filo pequeño junto con una baja humedad son, en ese orden, los factores experimentales más importantes para lograr bajos valores de energía de corte específica y de fuerza de corte pico respectivamente. Las mejores condiciones de corte se alcanzan para un ángulo de filo de la cuchilla de 20.8° y un contenido de humedad de 10% b. h. Los resultados de este trabajo pueden contribuir al diseño óptimo de sistemas para el pre-tratamiento de bagazo.

Acidentes por quedas, cortes e queimaduras em crianças de 0-4 anos: coorte de nascimentos de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2004

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Raquel Siqueira Barcelos

Full Text Available Resumo: O conhecimento da incidência de acidentes na infância, de acordo com o estágio de desenvolvimento da criança, é importante para a formulação de programas de prevenção dirigidos para cada faixa etária. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a incidência de quedas, cortes e queimaduras, até os quatro anos de idade, conforme nível econômico da família e idade e escolaridade maternas, entre as crianças da coorte de nascimentos de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2004. Foram calculadas as taxas de incidências e razões de taxas de incidências entre 0-12, 12-24 e 24-48 meses. As quedas foram os acidentes mais relatados em todos os períodos, seguidas dos cortes e queimaduras. Os meninos sofreram mais quedas e cortes do que as meninas nos dois primeiros anos de vida. No segundo ano de vida, a incidência de quedas e queimaduras praticamente triplicou e a de cortes dobrou, em comparação ao primeiro ano, dentre ambos os sexos. As queimaduras ocorreram com igual frequência entre meninas e meninos nos três períodos de idade analisados. Em suma, a incidência de quedas e cortes foi maior entre os meninos. Em ambos os sexos, ter mãe adolescente foi associado a quedas e cortes nos três períodos analisados; ter mãe com baixa escolaridade esteve associado a queimaduras e cortes aos 48 meses; e ser de família de baixo nível socioeconômico, a quedas e cortes aos 48 meses.

THE CONSTRUCTION AND CONTESTATION OF ISLAMIC IDENTITY OF THE BAJO PEOPLE IN WAKATOBI ISLANDS, SOUTH EAST SULAWESI, INDONESIA

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Benny Baskara

2014-02-01

Full Text Available On the one one hand, the Bajo people are well-known as ‘the sea people’ who have their own indigenous belief system – belief in the Lord of the Sea. On the other hand, they also acknowledge themselves as Muslims. Thus, the religious identity of the Bajo people reflects a unique combination of Islamic teachings and their indigenous beliefs. This unique combination is not only expressed in their religious life, in their rituals and worship practices, but also in the values found in their customary practices (adat as a guiding system for their life. This paper examines the construction and contestation of the religious identity of the Bajo people, especially how they construct their identities in relation to their natural, social, and religious environments. The contestation of the Bajo religious identity covers three aspects: the contestation of the Islam of ‘the sea people’ against the Islam of ‘the land people’, the contenstation of the ‘official’ Islam against the ‘traditional’ Islam, and the challenges of modernity, especially the commodification of the Bajo religious expressions. This contestation, in turn, reconstructs their religious identity into a more adaptive one.

Corte y sellado reversible de dientes para obtener superficies internas de esmalte incólumes

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Ana Milena Santiago-Medina

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Las superficies internas de los dientes, que se obtienen por cortes con discos, están generalmente desorganizadas por los giros, la velocidad y la rugosidad del disco. El calor altera la superficie y el agua de la refrigeración la composición química porque disuelve los componentes. En estudios de difusión, el perfil se borra por el corte, lo que anula resultados. Objetivo: desarrollar un método de sellado de superficies internas, ya cortadas antes de los ensayos de difusión, sin dejar trazas químicas o partículas. Materiales y metedos: se probó in vitro la habilidad de cuatro materiales de sellado con 40 especimenes, provenientes de 20 coronas de terceros molares, cortadas sagitalmente. Los especímenes se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos (n = 10: G1: Teflón (Topex®, G2: Tela de caucho (Dental DAM®, G3: película de cloruro de polivinilo (Vinilpel® y G4: Cinta aislante (Tesa®. Se usó una solución de azul de metileno (AM al 2% por 6 días como indicadora de filtración. Por observación visual de cada muestra, se le asignó un valor (sí o no dependiendo de la presencia o ausencia de cualquier punto MB sobre la superficie de sellado. Los resultados fueron analizados siguiendo un modelo estadístico de respuesta binomial. Resultados: Siguiendo los procedimientos descritos, el teflón es el único material que previene la filtración de AM en la superficie interna expuesta por el corte. Conclusión: Se propone un protocolo de sellado reversible de las superficies internas con teflón, previo al corte de los dientes, para no alterar los resultados experimentales.

La prueba obtenida mediante coacción y su inadmisibilidad ante la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos

OpenAIRE

Paúl Díaz, Álvaro

2016-01-01

La Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos efectúa un amplio análisis probatorio para determinar la ocurrencia de violaciones de derechos humanos. Ella tiende a ser muy flexible con la admisión de la prueba, sin perjuicio de ello estaría obligada a excluir confesiones obtenidas mediante coacción. En relación con esto, la Corte ha hecho afirmaciones que parecen propiciar la exclusión de toda prueba obtenida mediante coerción, y dar pie a la doctrina del fruto de árbol envenenado. Este artícul...

Óleo essencial de aroeira-vermelha como aditivo na ração de frangos de corte

OpenAIRE

Silva,Maria Aparecida da; Pessotti,Bruna Mirelly de Sousa; Zanini,Surama Freitas; Colnago,Geraldo Luiz; Nunes,Louisiane de Carvalho; Rodrigues,Maria Regina Alves; Ferreira,Larissa

2011-01-01

Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da inclusão de óleo essencial de aroeira-vermelha (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) como promotor de crescimento nas rações de frangos de corte sobre o desempenho e morfometria intestinal desses animais. Foram utilizados 300 pintos de um dia de vida, tipo corte, machos, linhagem Cobb. As aves foram alojadas em 20 boxes de 2m² (15 aves boxe-1), distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em grupos de quatro (4) tratamentos e cinco (5) repetições, co...

A review of Neuropharmacology Effects of Nigella sativa and Its Main Component, Thymoquinone.

Science.gov (United States)

Javidi, Soheila; Razavi, Bibi Marjan; Hosseinzadeh, Hossein

2016-08-01

Neuropharmacology is the scientific study of drug effect on nervous system. In the last few years, different natural plants and their active constituents have been used in neurological therapy. The availability, lower price, and less toxic effects of herbal medicines compared with synthetic agents make them as simple and excellent choice in the treatment of nervous diseases. Nigella sativa, which belongs to the botanical family of Ranunculaceae, is a widely used medicinal plant all over the world. In traditional and modern medicines several beneficial properties have been attributed to N. sativa and its main component, thymoquinone (TQ). In this review, various studies in scientific databases regarding the neuropharmacological aspects of N. sativa and TQ have been introduced. Results of these studies showed that N. sativa and TQ have several properties including anticonvulsant, antidepressant, anxiolytic, anti-ischemic, analgesic, antipsychotic, and memory enhancer. Furthermore, its protective effects against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson and multiple sclerosis have been discussed. Although there are many studies indicating the beneficial actions of this plant in nervous system, the number of research projects relating to the human reports is rare. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Perfil cognitivo de niños con rendimientos bajos en comprensión lectora

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Lorena Canet-Juric

2013-10-01

Full Text Available La mayoría de los niños con dificultades en la comprensión lectora poseen rendimientos inferiores en un conjunto de procesos cognitivos. El objetivo del presente estudio es establecer un perfil cognitivo asociado al bajo rendimiento en comprensión lectora en relación a la habilidad de monitoreo, a la producción de inferencias, al vocabulario, a la amplitud de memoria de trabajo y a la capacidad inhibitoria, en niños hispanoparlantes. Para ello se administraron tareas correspondientes a dichos procesos en niños con altos y bajos rendimientos en comprensión lectora. Los resultados mostraron que si bien los niños con mala comprensión presentan bajos rendimientos en estas habilidades, no puede establecerse un perfil consistente ya que hay niños con problemas en comprensión que presentan normal o superior rendimiento en algunas de estas habilidades cognitivas.

Corte de placas solares con láser. Estudio de modificaciones microestructurales

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Ramírez Del Valle, A. J.

2003-06-01

Full Text Available In photovoltaic solar cells manufacturing process, system breaks are produced. Recycling improves the material profitability. In this sense, manufacturing of components with non-straight shapes is not feasible using traditional methods. The processing of these materials through Nd-YAG laser, allows manufacturing with any geometric shape. This work shows a study of solar cells cutting process with laser. First of all, it is necessary to carry out a parameter optimization in order to make an accurate material cutting. The microstructure of the cutting area and possible microcompositional changes were studied by scanning electronic miscroscopy (SEM and X-ray analysis (EDX.

En el proceso de fabricación de placas fotovoltaicas se producen roturas de las células solares, por tanto, el reciclaje es necesario para mejorar la rentabilidad de este proceso, además, la fabricación de piezas de formas curvas no es factible por los métodos tradicionales. El procesado de estos materiales mediante un láser de Nd-YAG, permitirá la fabricación en cualquier forma geométrica además del mejor aprovechamiento de las placas desechadas por estar rotas. El presente trabajo muestra un estudio del proceso de corte de placas solares con láser. En primer lugar se procede a la optimización de los parámetros necesarios para realizar el corte de este material. La microestructura de la zona de corte y los posibles cambios microcomposicionales que se hayan podido producir, se estudian mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido, con microanálisis de energías dispersivas de Rayos X.

The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cannabis Sativa on appetite hormone in rat.

Science.gov (United States)

Mazidi, Mohsen; Baghban Taraghdari, Sara; Rezaee, Peyman; Kamgar, Maryam; Jomezadeh, Mohammad Reza; Akbarieh Hasani, Omid; Soukhtanloo, Mohammad; Hosseini, Mahmoud; Gholamnezhad, Zahra; Rakhshandeh, Hassan; Norouzy, Abdolreza; Esmaily, Habibollah; Patterson, Michael; Nematy, Mohsen

2014-12-01

Ghrelin is an orexigenic peptide which is secreted from stomach. Cannabis sativa is known as an orexigenic herb in Iranian traditional medicine. Little evidence is published about its effect on energy intake and its mechanism. In the current study, the possible effect of hydroalcoholic extract of C. sativa on appetite and ghrelin is evaluated. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Two control groups were selected, the first group received 0.5 mL water per day (vehicle group) and another group did not receive anything (control group). The other three groups were treated daily with 50, 100 or 150 mg/kg of C. sativa for 7 days, respectively. Daily energy intake of the rats was calculated for 10 days prior to the> intervention and for the 7 day intervention. To investigate changes in plasma ghrelin as a potential mechanism, an orexigenic dose (150 mg/kg) of C. sativa or distilled water (vehicle) was fed to two separate groups of six rats by gavage. Total ghrelin levels in plasma were measured for 3 h post-gavage. There was no significant difference in energy intake between control and vehicle groups. Treatment with 100 and 150 mg/kg of the extract significantly increased energy intake vs the other groups (psativa group vs vehicle 30 and 60 min post-gavage. This study showed that C. sativa had both positive and dose-related effects on appetite of rats. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the orexigenic effect of this plant in human.

Effect of nigella sativa seeds extract on serum c-reactive protein in albino rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bashir, M.U.; Qureshi, H.

2014-01-01

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein. It predicts future risk of cardiovascular diseases. Different medicinal plants and their active ingredients possess the ability to reduce serum CRP levels and hence inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular diseases. In our study, ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds was evaluated in albino rats for its possible effect on serum CRP levels. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds on an acute inflammatory biomarker/mediator, C-reactive protein (CRP) in albino rats. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial (RCT). Place and Duration of Study: Physiology Department, Services Institute of Medical Sciences (SIMS), Lahore; from September to November, 2009. Subjects and Methods: The study was carried out on 90 male albino rats. Five percent (5%) formalin in a dose of 50 meu1 was injected into sub-plantar surface of right hind paw of each rat to produce inflammation. The rats were randomly divided into three groups of thirty each. Group A was given normal saline (control); group B was given Nigella sativa seed extract; and group C received diclofenac sodium, as a reference drug. CRP levels in each group were measured from blood samples taken 25 hours after giving formalin. Results: The ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds, given intraperitoneally, caused highly significant (p<0.001) reduction in serum CRP levels as compared to control group. The reduction in CRP levels by ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa was also significantly (p<0.05) more than that produced by diclofenac sodium. Conclusion: Our results suggest that Nigella sativa possesses ability to reduce serum CRP levels significantly, after production of artificial inflammation, in albino rats. (author)

Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Tanaman Ketan Hitam (Oryza Sativa Glutinosa) sebagai Indikator Asam Basa

OpenAIRE

Hasibuan, Muhammad Arief; Amran, Elva Yasmi; ', Susilawati

2016-01-01

Research was conducted with the aims to determine pH range, percentage acid base indicator titration error, and stability of Oryza sativa Glutinosa extract as acid base indicator. Oryza sativa Glutinosa grains respectively extracted with maseration using ethanol (HCl 1%). pH range determined by added the extract into buffer solutions pH 1-9. Percentage acid base indicator titration error determined by applied the extract in strong acid-strong base, weak acid-strong base, strong acid-weak base...

Effects of nigella sativa on various parameters in patients of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hussain, M.; Shaikh, G.S.

2017-01-01

Background: Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of progressive liver disorders worldwide. Drug options are limited with varying results. Nigella sativa in the form of herbal medicine could be another option because of its strong historical background. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect Nigella sativa on various parameters in patients of NAFLD. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at outpatient clinic of medical unit-1 of Sheikh Zayed Medical College/Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, in which seventy patients of NAFLD were divided in to interventional and non-interventional groups. The interventional group was given cap Nigella sativa 1g twice a day while non-interventional group was given cap placebo in a same way for three months. Body weight, BMI, liver enzymes and ultrasound finding of fatty liver were assayed before and after treatment. Results: After 12 weeks treatment with Nigella sativa body weight decreased significantly from 86±13.8 to76±12.6 kg vs placebo (p=0.041). BMI also reduced significantly from 29.06±4.6 to 26.25±6.2kg/m2 vs placebo(p=0.012). There is remarkable reduction in aminotransferases level after treatment with Nigella sativa vs placebo (ALT: 78.05±5.52 to 52.6±5.65 IU/L vs 76.48±4.95-74.32±5.58 IU/L (p=0.036). AST: 65.54±4.56-44.56±5.52 IU/L vs 63.25±5.43-59.43±3.39 IU/L (p=0.021). There was overall 57.14 % patient had normal fatty liver grading on ultrasound after 12 weeks treatment with Nigella sativa as compared to placebo (p=0.002). Conclusion: Nigella sativa improves bio chemical and fatty liver changes in NAFLD patients. Its use in early stages of NAFLD is recommended in order to prevent its life-threatening complication. (author)

La Corte Constitucional colombiana ante las medidas de seguridad y defensa nacional del gobierno de Uribe

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Miguel Revenga-Sánchez

2010-03-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se describen las medidas de seguridad y defensa nacional impulsadas por el gobierno de Álvaro Uribe durante la vigencia del Estado de conmoción interior, así como el posicionamiento que la Corte Constitucional ha adoptado sobre estas, en ejercicio de su función de control de constitucionalidad. La negativa reiterada de la Alta Corte a dar su visto bueno a determinados preceptos restrictivos de los derechos fundamentales ha provocado que el Ejecutivo colombiano imponga el estatuto antiterrorista como parte del programa de seguridad democrática que lidera, mediante una reforma constitucional que es analizada en el presente artículo.

Estudio del rendimiento del torneado de alta velocidad utilizando el coeficiente de dimensión volumétrica de la fuerza de corte resultante

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Hernández-González, L. W.

2013-08-01

Full Text Available This work deals with the experimental study of the resultant cutting force evolution of two coating carbide and a cermet inserts, during the dry turning of AISI 1045 steel with 400, 500 and 600 m/min cutting speeds. A new criterion for machinability study, the coefficient of volumetric dimension of cutting force, it is introduced. The investigation showed a better performance of cermet for moderate and intermediate cutting speeds, while at high cutting speed and final machining time, the three layers coated carbide achieved the best result. The factorial analysis of variance demonstrated a significant effect of machining time on the coefficient of volumetric dimension of resultant cutting force, while the material insert factor and their interaction, for intermediate cutting speed was just significant.En este trabajo se aborda el estudio experimental de la evolución de la fuerza de corte resultante de dos insertos de carburo recubierto y un cermet, durante el torneado en seco del acero AISI 1045 con velocidades de corte de 400, 500 y 600 m/min . Se introduce, además, un nuevo criterio para el estudio del rendimiento de las operaciones de mecanizado: el coeficiente de dimensión volumétrica de la fuerza de corte. La investigación mostró un mejor rendimiento del cermet para la velocidad de corte moderada e intermedia, mientras que para la alta velocidad de corte y tiempo final de mecanizado, el mejor resultado fue para el carburo recubierto con tres capas. El análisis de varianza factorial demostró un efecto significativo del tiempo de mecanizado en el coeficiente de dimensión volumétrica de la fuerza de corte resultante, mientras que la variable material del inserto y su interacción, fue solo significativa para la velocidad de corte intermedia.

COMPARISON OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF NIGELLA SATIVA AND DICLOFENAC SODIUM IN ALBINO RATS.

Science.gov (United States)

Bashir, Muhammad Usman; Qureshi, Hamid Javaid; Saleem, Tahira

2015-01-01

Nigella sativa or "Kalonji" is a naturally occurring plant in Pakistan and other countries which possesses a wide range of medicinal properties, the anti-inflammatory property being one of these. Diclofenac sodium is a commonly used anti-inflammatory drug. The purpose of this study was to compare the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds with that of diclofenac sodium in albino rats. This laboratory randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in the Physiology Department, Services Institute of Medical Sciences (SIMS), Lahore. The study was carried out on 90 male albino rats. Five percent formalin in a dose of 50 µl was injected into sub-plantar surface of right hind paw of each rat to produce inflammation. The rats were randomly divided into three groups of thirty each. Group A was given normal saline (control); group B was given Nigella sativa seed extract; and group C received diclofenac sodium, as a reference drug. Increase in paw diameter, and total and differential leukocyte counts were measured as markers of inflammation. Nigella sativa seeds extract caused significant (pdiclofenac sodium; however, the extract was comparatively less potent than diclofenac sodium. The extract had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the total or differential leukocyte counts. Our results suggest that ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds possesses potent anti-inflammatory effect, in albino rats however, this effect is comparatively less but prolonged than that produced by diclofenac sodium.

Factores nutricionales maternos y el bajo peso al nacer en un área de salud

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Arley Rey Vilchez

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: el bajo peso al nacer es multifactorial y se atribuye a causas maternas, fetales y ambientales. Los hábitos alimentarios inadecuados unidos a otros factores nutricionales maternos son determinantes. Objetivo: identificar los factores nutricionales maternos relacionados con el bajo peso al nacer en pacientes del Área I del municipio Cienfuegos. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico, retrospectivo, de casos y controles entre enero 2006 y diciembre 2008. Se estudiaron 50 madres de recién nacidos bajo peso (casos y 100 madres de niños normopesos (controles a razón de 2 por cada caso, seleccionadas del registro de nacimientos del área. Se revisaron las historias clínicas obstétricas y se entrevistó a cada paciente para evaluar sus hábitos alimentarios según frecuencia de comidas y grupos de alimentos consumidos. El procesamiento de la información se realizó utilizando el programa estadístico SPSS versión 15,0. Los resultados se presentaron en tablas con frecuencias absolutas, porcentajes y resultados de las técnicas estadísticas empleadas. Resultados: se comportaron como factores de riesgo: la edad materna, el estado nutricional al inicio del embarazo, la ganancia de peso durante la gestación y la hemoglobina del tercer trimestre. Las mujeres con hábitos alimentarios inestables e insuficientes tuvieron 33 veces más probabilidades de tener neonatos bajo peso y las que refirieron dietas no saludables según grupos de alimentos consumidos tuvieron 9 veces más riesgo. Conclusiones: los factores nutricionales maternos influyeron en la incidencia del bajo peso al nacer, fundamentalmente los hábitos alimentarios inadecuados.

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de cultivares de alfafa em relação a diferentes épocas de corte

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Ferreira Reinaldo de Paula

2004-01-01

Full Text Available O experimento foi conduzido na Estação Experimental de Zootecnia de Sertãozinho-SP. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados com 3 repetições, sendo a parcela constituída de 5 fileiras de 5m de comprimento, espaçados 0,2 m. Avaliou-se a produção de matéria seca de 35 cultivares de alfafa em 29 cortes realizados no período de outubro/1996 a março/1999. O estudo da adaptabilidade e estabilidade das cultivares ao longo dos 29 cortes, foi realizado por meio das metodologias de Eberhart e Russell e Lin e Binns. Verificou-se a existência de interação cultivares x cortes, demonstrando que o comportamento relativo das cultivares não era o mesmo nos diferentes cortes. Das 35 cultivares avaliadas, 14 apresentaram adaptabilidade geral (b1i ou = 1 e boa previsibilidade ( s²di = 0, segundo a metodologia de “Eberhart e Russell”. Das 10 cultivares que apresentaram maior adaptabilidade e estabilidade (menores Pi, segundo a metodologia de Lin e Binns sete também apresentaram adaptabilidade geral e boa previsibilidade segundo a metodologia de Eberhart e Russell. As cultivares SW 8210, Victoria SP, MH 15, 5888, Araucana, BR 1 e BR 3 foram as que apresentaram maior adaptabilidade e estabilidade de comportamento, pelos dois métodos utilizados.

Reflexiones sobre la cortesía verbal en la enseñanza / aprendizaje del ELE

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Landone, Elena

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Las reflexiones que aquí se ofrecen parten de la concepción del lenguaje como acción e interacción, en el sentido de que la existencia de la lengua se fundamenta en sus funciones de sociabilidad. Desde esta perspectiva, abordamos el papel de la cortesía verbal en el aula de ELE (Español como Lengua Extranjera y, con la ayuda de las indicaciones del Marco común europeo de referencia para las lenguas y del Plan curricular del Instituto Cervantes, evidenciamos la urgencia de desarrollar un enfoque más adecuado a la complejidad de la cortesía verbal. Concluimos sugiriendo la toma de conciencia de las dinámicas interculturales como un recorrido aprovechable.

Los exilios de católicos y arrianos bajo Leovigildo y Recaredo

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Vallejo Girvés, Margarita

2003-06-01

Full Text Available In this paper we try to analyse the various topics of the exile that have been applied by the visigothic kings Leovigild and Reccared. It is known that most part of the individuals that had suffered this exile were ecclesiasticals, catholics under Leovigild and arians during Reccared, but all of them were of germanic origin.

En este artículo se analizan los diversos tipos de exilio que aplicaron los monarcas visigodos Leovigildo y Recaredo. Se da la circunstancia de que la mayoría de ellos fueron eclesiásticos y que bajo Leovigildo lo sufrieron singularmente los católicos y los arríanos bajo Recaredo, pero en ambos casos todos los condenados son de origen germánico.

Toxic effects of copper-based nanoparticles or compounds to lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa).

Science.gov (United States)

Hong, Jie; Rico, Cyren M; Zhao, Lijuan; Adeleye, Adeyemi S; Keller, Arturo A; Peralta-Videa, Jose R; Gardea-Torresdey, Jorge L

2015-01-01

The increased production and use of nanoparticles (NPs) has generated concerns about their impact on living organisms. In this study, nCu, bulk Cu, nCuO, bulk CuO, Cu(OH)2 (CuPRO 2005, Kocide 3000), and CuCl2 were exposed for 15 days to 10 days-old hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Each compound was applied at 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg L(-1). At harvest, we measured the size of the plants and determined the concentration of Cu, macro and microelements by using ICP-OES. Catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activity was also determined. Results showed that all Cu NPs/compounds reduced the root length by 49% in both plant species. All Cu NPs/compounds increased Cu, P, and S (>100%, >50%, and >20%, respectively) in alfalfa shoots and decreased P and Fe in lettuce shoot (>50% and >50%, respectively, excluding Fe in CuCl2 treatment). Biochemical assays showed reduced catalase activity in alfalfa (root and shoot) and increased ascorbate peroxidase activity in roots of both plant species. Results suggest that Cu NPs/compounds not only reduced the size of the plants but altered nutrient content and enzyme activity in both plant species.

Advice of the Italian CCTN on the toxicity of Cannabis sativa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Camoni, I [ed.; Istituto Superiore di Sanita` , Rome (Italy). Lab. di Tossicologia Applicata; Mucci, N [ed.; ISPESL, Monteporzio Catone, Roma (Italy). Dip. di Medicina del Lavoro; Paroli, E [ed.; Rome, Univ. ` La Sapienza` (Italy). Fac. di Medicina, Ist. di Farmacologia

1998-06-01

This recommendation of the Italian National Toxicological Committee (CCTN) regards the possible toxic effects of some products derived from Cannabis sativa, indica variety. The CCTN has especially evaluated genotoxic, immunological and toxic to reproduction effects of these substances, on the basis of the results from both experimental studies and observations on humans. [Italiano] Il documento contiene il parere della CCTN sui potenziali effetti tossici di alcuni derivati della Cannabis sativa, varieta` indica. Il parere e` stato elaborato sulla base dei risultati sia di studi sperimentali sia dei limitati studi sull`uomo, prendendo in particolare considerazione gli effetti genotossici, tossico-riproduttivi ed immunologici.

Rendimentos no corte e na desossa manual parcial de carcaças resfriadas comerciais de frango (Gallus gallus)

OpenAIRE

Graner, Murilo

1987-01-01

Carcaças resfriadas comerciais de frango foram subdividadas, obtendo-se quatro cortes: peito, coxas e pernas, dorso e asas. O peito e as coxas e pernas foram desossados, obtendose as seguintes partes: carne (branca ou escura), gordura, pele e ossos. Do dorso foram separadas pele e gordura e das asas pele e a carne da coxinha. O rendimento percentual médio no corte diferiu pouco para o peito e o conjunto de coxas e pernas, que totalizaram 60% do peso da carcaça. Na obtenção de carne branca (do...

Analysis of cannabinoids in laser-microdissected trichomes of medicinal Cannabis sativa using LCMS and cryogenic NMR

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Happyana, Nizar; Agnolet, Sara; Muntendam, Remco; Van Dam, Annie; Schneider, Bernd; Kayser, Oliver

Trichomes, especially the capitate-stalked glandular hairs, are well known as the main sites of cannabinoid and essential oil production of Cannabis sativa. In this study the distribution and density of various types of Cannabis sativa L trichomes, have been investigated by scanning electron

Nigella Sativa Concoction induced sustained seroreversion in HIV ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines ... Abstract. Nigella sativa had been documented to possess many therapeutic functions in medicine but the least expected is sero-reversion in HIV infection which is very rare despite extensive therapy with highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART).

La Prensa y el Impacto de las Cortes de Cádiz en el Perú

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Daniel Morán

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Las independencias en Iberoamérica y particularmente la coyuntura de las Cortes de Cádiz han marcado profundamente el proceso revolucionario y la configuración política de las actuales naciones hispanoamericanas. El virreinato peruano vivió durante aquel contexto de cambios una profusión de impresos que pusieron en evidencia la importancia de la difusión de la información y su lectura en la convulsionada vida política peruana. Ésta investigación busca explicar, a través del análisis de la prensa y otros impresos, el impacto que las reformas de las Cortes ocasionaron en el Perú y la imagen que la prensa construyó de aquel proceso.   Independence in Latin America and particularly the situation of the Cortes of Cádiz have deeply marked the revolutionary process and the political configuration of the current Latin American Nations. The Peruvian Viceroyalty lived during that context of changes a vast profusion of forms that put in evidence the importance of the dissemination of information and reading in the tumultuous Peruvian political life. This research seeks to explain, through the analysis of the press and other printed material, the impact of the reforms in Peru and the image that the press built from the process.

Review on the Potential Therapeutic Roles of Nigella sativa in the Treatment of Patients with Cancer: Involvement of Apoptosis

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Hamid Mollazadeh

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Nigella sativa (N. sativa, family Ranunculaceae is a medicinal plant that has been widely used for centuries throughout the world as a natural remedy. A wide range of chemical compounds found in N. sativa expresses its vast therapeutic effects. Thymoquinone (TQ is the main component (up to 50% in the essential oil of N. sativa. Also, pinene (up to 15%, p-cymene (40%, thymohydroquinone (THQ, thymol (THY, and dithymoquinone (DTQ are other pharmacologically active compounds of its oil. Other terpenoid compounds, such as carvacrol, carvone, 4-terpineol, limonenes, and citronellol, are also found in small quantities in its oil. The main pharmacological characteristics of this plant are immune system stimulatory, anti- inflammatory, hypotensive, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-cancer, hypoglycemic, anti- tussive, milk production, uricosuric, choleretic, anti-fertility, and spasmolytic properties. In this regard, we have searched the scientific databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar with keywords of N. sativa, anti-cancer, apoptotic effect, antitumor, antioxidant, and malignancy over the period from 2000 to 2017. The effectiveness of N. sativa against cancer in the blood system, kidneys, lungs, prostate, liver, and breast and on many malignant cell lines has been shown in many studies, but the molecular mechanisms behind that anti-cancer role are still not clearly understood. From among the many effects of N. sativa, including its anti-proliferative effect, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, ROS generation, anti-metastasis/anti-angiogenesis effects, Akt pathway control, modulation of multiple molecular targets, including p53, p73, STAT-3, PTEN, and PPAR-γ, and activation of caspases, the main suggestive anti-cancer mechanisms of N. sativa are its free radical scavenger activity and the preservation of various anti-oxidant enzyme activities, such as glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione-S- transferase. In this review

Protective effect of Nigella sativa extract and thymoquinone on serum/glucose deprivation-induced PC12 cells death.

Science.gov (United States)

Mousavi, S H; Tayarani-Najaran, Z; Asghari, M; Sadeghnia, H R

2010-05-01

The serum/glucose deprivation (SGD)-induced cell death in cultured PC12 cells represents a useful in vitro model for the study of brain ischemia and neurodegenerative disorders. Nigella sativa L. (family Ranunculaceae) and its active component thymoquinone (TQ) has been known as a source of antioxidants. In the present study, the protective effects of N. sativa and TQ on cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cultured PC12 cells were investigated under SGD conditions. PC12 cells were cultured in DMEM medium containing 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum, 100 units/ml penicillin, and 100 microg/ml streptomycin. Cells were seeded overnight and then deprived of serum/glucose for 6 and 18 h. Cells were pretreated with different concentrations of N. sativa extract (15.62-250 microg/ml) and TQ (1.17-150 microM) for 2 h. Cell viability was quantitated by MTT assay. Intracellular ROS production was measured by flow cytometry using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA) as a probe. SGD induced significant cells toxicity after 6, 18, or 24 h (P < 0.001). Pretreatment with N. sativa (15.62-250 microg/ml) and TQ (1.17-37.5 microM) reduced SGD-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells after 6 and 18 h. A significant increase in intracellular ROS production was seen following SGD (P < 0.001). N. sativa (250 microg/ml, P < 0.01) and TQ (2.34, 4.68, 9.37 microM, P < 0.01) pretreatment reversed the increased ROS production following ischemic insult. The experimental results suggest that N. sativa extract and TQ protects the PC12 cells against SGD-induced cytotoxicity via antioxidant mechanisms. Our findings might raise the possibility of potential therapeutic application of N. sativa extract and TQ for managing cerebral ischemic and neurodegenerative disorders.

O Judicial Review e o ativismo judicial da Suprema Corte americana na proteção de direitos fundamentais

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Estefania Maria de Queiroz Barboza

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Resumo: No presente artigo examinaram-se as origens históricas do judicial review nos Estados Unidos da América desde o caso Marbury v. Madison até a Corte Burger, bem como os reflexos de sua concepção no chamado “ativismo judicial” norte-americano, o qual acabou por priorizar o papel da jurisdição constitucional na proteção dos direitos fundamentais garantidos na Constituição, mesmo que isso implicasse enfrentar questões tipicamente políticas. Ou seja, apresentaram-se casos nos quais a Suprema Corte atuou de forma ativista especialmente na proteção de direitos fundamentais, embora em outros momentos tenha atuado justamente no sentido contrário, como na Era Lochner, numa postura conservadora em relação à proteção de direitos. Palavras-chave: Ativismo judicial. Suprema Corte. Estados Unidos. Judicial Review.

Estudio de una Cronosecuencia de Suelos en el Bajo Cauca (Antioquia

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Jaramillo J. Daniel F.

1996-09-01

Full Text Available En la región del Bajo Cauca, Antioquia, se estudiaron tres terrazas, a diferentes alturas, las cuales poseen diferencias apreciables entre la evolución de sus respectivos suelos. La terraza de mayor altura presentó los suelos más evolucionados: Typic Paleudult; la de mediana altura presentó suelos de incipiente evolución, clasificados como Typic Dystropept y la de menor altitud presentó suelos recientes, con muy bajo grado de evolución: Tropic Fluvaquent. Las diferencias en evolución observadas entre los suelos se deben a los largos intervalos de tiempo transcurridos entre la formación de los tres niveles de las terrazas. La fertilidad natural de los suelos desarrollados sobre las terrazas alta y media se puede calificar como baja a muy baja; por su parte, la terraza a menor altura posee alta fertilidad.

Various extraction and analytical techniques for isolation and identification of secondary metabolites from Nigella sativa seeds.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, X; Abd El-Aty, A M; Shim, J-H

2011-10-01

Nigella sativa L. (black cumin), commonly known as black seed, is a member of the Ranunculaceae family. This seed is used as a natural remedy in many Middle Eastern and Far Eastern countries. Extracts prepared from N. sativa have, for centuries, been used for medical purposes. Thus far, the organic compounds in N. sativa, including alkaloids, steroids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, fatty acids, etc. have been fairly well characterized. Herein, we summarize some new extraction techniques, including microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and supercritical extraction techniques (SFE), in addition to the classical method of hydrodistillation (HD), which have been employed for isolation and various analytical techniques used for the identification of secondary metabolites in black seed. We believe that some compounds contained in N. sativa remain to be identified, and that high-throughput screening could help to identify new compounds. A study addressing environmentally-friendly techniques that have minimal or no environmental effects is currently underway in our laboratory.

Effect of dietary vitamin A and Nigella sativa on the performance of broiler chicks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sideeg, Rasha Mohamed

2000-02-01

A study was conducted to assess the effect of feeding different added levels of vitamin A and Nigella sativa seeds on broiler performance, blood chemistry and carcass characteristics. One- hundred forty four, one-day old unsexed (Lohman) broiler chicks were divided randomly into eight groups, each represented a treatment (18 birds/treatment), with 2 replicates for each treatment 2x4 factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design was used. The experimental basal rations were formulated to meet requirement for essential nutrients for broiler chicks according to NCR (1984) recommendation. Four graded levels of added vitamin A (0,3000,4500 and 9000 IU/kg) and two levels of Nigella sativa (0, 0.25%) were used. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. Body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were determined. In addition blood chemistry, absolute weight of internal organs and carcass characteristics were measured. The added level 3000 IU of vitamin A significantly increased weight gain (P≤ 0.01) decreased feed conversion ratio (P≤ 0.01) and increased muscle: bone ratio (P≤ 0.05). The level 0.25% of Nigella sativa with no added vitamin A significantly (P ≤ 0.01) increased body weight and weight gain. High level of added vitamin A decreased absolute weight of liver (P≤ 0.01), and increased fat content of muscles (P≤ 0.01) and abdominal fat (P≤ 0.01). Vitamin A and Nigella sativa significantly affect serum Ca (which was determined according to the calorimetric method), P, Zn , and alkaline phosphates(alk.ase) and cholesterol (P≤ 0.05) which was determined according to the Enzymatic Calometric Test . Addition of 0.25% Nigella sativa significantly affect serum cholestrol (P ≤0.01). The treatments had no significant affect on serum glucose and ash content of meat. Significant interaction between vitamin A and Nigella sativa were observed on body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, feed intake (P≤ 0.01, P≤0.05, and P≤0

Effect of dietary vitamin A and Nigella sativa on the performance of broiler chicks

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sideeg, Rasha Mohamed [Faculty of Animal Production, University of Khartoum, Khartoum (Sudan)

2000-02-01

A study was conducted to assess the effect of feeding different added levels of vitamin A and Nigella sativa seeds on broiler performance, blood chemistry and carcass characteristics. One- hundred forty four, one-day old unsexed (Lohman) broiler chicks were divided randomly into eight groups, each represented a treatment (18 birds/treatment), with 2 replicates for each treatment 2x4 factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design was used. The experimental basal rations were formulated to meet requirement for essential nutrients for broiler chicks according to NCR (1984) recommendation. Four graded levels of added vitamin A (0,3000,4500 and 9000 IU/kg) and two levels of Nigella sativa (0, 0.25%) were used. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. Body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were determined. In addition blood chemistry, absolute weight of internal organs and carcass characteristics were measured. The added level 3000 IU of vitamin A significantly increased weight gain (P{<=} 0.01) decreased feed conversion ratio (P{<=} 0.01) and increased muscle: bone ratio (P{<=} 0.05). The level 0.25% of Nigella sativa with no added vitamin A significantly (P {<=} 0.01) increased body weight and weight gain. High level of added vitamin A decreased absolute weight of liver (P{<=} 0.01), and increased fat content of muscles (P{<=} 0.01) and abdominal fat (P{<=} 0.01). Vitamin A and Nigella sativa significantly affect serum Ca (which was determined according to the calorimetric method), P, Zn , and alkaline phosphates(alk.ase) and cholesterol (P{<=} 0.05) which was determined according to the Enzymatic Calometric Test . Addition of 0.25% Nigella sativa significantly affect serum cholestrol (P {<=}0.01). The treatments had no significant affect on serum glucose and ash content of meat. Significant interaction between vitamin A and Nigella sativa were observed on body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, feed intake (P{<=} 0.01, P{<=}0.05, and P

Desempenho e morfologia intestinal de frangos de corte alimentados com rações contendo aditivos alternativos a antimicrobianos

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Aryana Duckur Nunes

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudo avaliou o efeito de um prebiótico e de um probiótico sobre o desempenho e morfologia intestinal de frangos de corte, atuando como aditivos alternativos a antimicrobianos. Foram utilizados 960 pintos de corte, criados sobre cama reutilizada. O delineamento era inteiramente casualizado, com 4 tratamentos: Antibiótico (Avilamicina; Prebiótico (MOS; Probiótico (pool bacteriano; Controle (sem aditivo, sendo 8 repetições/tratamento. Considerando-se o período total de criação, os aditivos alternativos testados pioraram o GP em relação ao antibiótico não demonstrando efeito sobre o ganho de peso (GP e consumo de ração (CR. Por sua vez, a conversão alimentar (CA dos tratamentos com aditivos alternativos foi similar à do antibiótico, entretanto, não diferiu do controle. Não foi possível observar efeito benéfico dos aditivos alternativos testados sobre a morfologia intestinal de frangos de corte.

Serie Madera para construcción La madera certificada bajo el concepto del triple resultado

OpenAIRE

Camacho-Cornejo, Diego; Moya-Roque, Róger

2012-01-01

A nivel mundial existe una tendencia de utilización de los productos certificados de madera bajo el concepto de triple resultado. En Costa Rica, diferentes empresas trabajan bajo este concepto. Es por ello que el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar el desarrollo de la madera certificada en Costa Rica, estableciendo la importancia de utilizar este tipo de madera, las ventajas de utilizarla en relación a aquella que no presenta esta certificación. Así mismo se presenta un detalle de la...

Crop physiology of fibre hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Werf, van der H.

1994-01-01

Fibre hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) may be an alternative to wood as a raw material for the production of paper pulp. The effects of enviromnental factors and cultural measures on the functioning, yield and quality of fibre hemp crops in the

Aminas bioativas e qualidade da carne de frangos de corte

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D.C.S. Assis

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade da carne de frangos de corte mediante pesquisa dos níveis de aminas bioativas, foram coletadas, pelos serviços de inspeção oficiais, 160 amostras de carcaças provenientes de cinco regiões distintas do estado de Minas Gerais, durante o período de um ano. As poliaminas (espermidina e espermina e as aminas biogênicas (putrescina, cadaverina, histamina, tiramina foram pesquisadas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência e detecção ultravioleta (CLAE/UV. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram a presença das poliaminas, espermidina e espermina, em todas as amostras, em concentrações médias de 3,56mg/100g e 5,72mg/100g, respectivamente. Em todas as amostras foram detectadas, em concentrações muito baixas, as aminas putrescina, cadaverina, histamina e tiramina. Foi concluído que a carne de frangos de corte produzida no estado de Minas Gerais é uma fonte de poliaminas, importantes para o crescimento e a proliferação celular, e que os baixos teores de aminas biogênicas encontrados não representam riscos à saúde do consumidor, indicando que esse tipo de carne apresenta boa qualidade, tomando por base o critério de aminas bioativas.

Factores de riesgo en el bajo peso al nacer

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Guillermo Díaz Alonso

1995-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de tipo caso control en el área del Policlínico Docente "Luis A. Turcios Lima" del municipio 10 de Octubre durante el período de 1990 a 1993, con el objetivo de identificar el comportamiento del bajo peso al nacer, establecer la existencia y la intensidad de esta entidad con los factores de riesgo seleccionados, e identificar el grado de influencia individual de dichos factores. La muestra quedó conformada por 92 recién nacidos de bajo peso y 468 con normopeso. Las variables estudiadas fueron la edad materna, la valoración ponderal, las complicaciones obstétricas, las enfermedades asociadas con la gestación, el hábito de fumar y el período intergenésico. Se aplicó el test chi-cuadrado, el odds- -ratio y el de riesgo atribuible en los nacimientos expuestos y en la población total. Todas las variables estuvieron asociadas significativamente con el bajo peso al nacer, y fueron identificadas como factores de riesgo con influencia marcada: la edad materna de 35 años o más, la amenaza de parto prematuro, la rotura prematura de membranas, la toxemia y la diabetes mellitus; con efecto moderado, el bajo peso materno, un período intergenésico menor de 1 año, la hipertensión arterial, el asma bronquial, el hábito de fumar, la sepsis urinaria, y con influencia ligera, la edad materna inferior a los 20 años.A case-control retrospective study was carried out at "Luis A. Turcios Lima" Teaching Polyclinics form 10 de Octubre municipality during the period of 1990-1993, with the aim of identifying the behaviour of low birth weight, establishing the occurrence and intensity of this entity with selected risk factors, and identifying the degree of individual influence of such factors. The sample consisted of 92 low birth weight infants and 468 with normal weight. Variables studied were: maternal age, weight appraisal, and obstetric complications, diseases associated with pregnancy, smoking habit, and the

PARASITOSES E DESEMPENHO ANIMAL: ESTUDO META-ANALÍTICO EM FRANGOS DE CORTE E SUÍNOS EM CRESCIMENTO

OpenAIRE

Marcos Kipper da Silva

2011-01-01

Dois trabalhos foram desenvolvidos com o objetivo de estudar, através de meta-análise, a relação das parasitoses com o desempenho de frangos de corte e suínos. As bases de dados totalizaram 43.976 frangos de corte (69 artigos, publicados entre 1982 e 2010) e 1.279 suínos (18 artigos, publicados entre 1971 e 2010). A meta-análise foi realizada através de três análises sequenciais: estudos gráficos, de correlação e de variância-covariância. Suínos desafiados por endoparasitas apresentaram (P0,0...

Delice(Olea europea var. oleaster L.) ile zeytin (Olea europea var.sativa) arasında anatomik ve palinojik ayrıcalıklar (The Anatomic And Palynological Differences Between Olea europea var. oleaster L. AND Olea europea var.sativa)

OpenAIRE

Kaya, Zafer

1991-01-01

Delice(Olea europea var. oleaster L.) ile zeytin (Olea europea var.sativa) arasında anatomik ve palinojik ayrıcalıklar (The Anatomic And Palynological Differences Between Olea europea var. oleaster L. AND Olea europea var.sativa)

Analysis and antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa essential oil formulated in microemulsion system.

Science.gov (United States)

Shaaban, Hamdy A; Sadek, Zainab; Edris, Amr E; Saad-Hussein, Amal

2015-01-01

The Essential oil (EO) of Nigella sativa (black cumin) was extracted from the crude oil and the volatile constituents were characterized using gas chromatographic analysis. The EO was formulated in water-based microemulsion system and its antibacterial activity against six pathogenic bacteria was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method. This activity was compared with two other well known biologically active natural and synthetic antimicrobials namely eugenol and Ceftriaxone(®). Results showed that N. sativa EO microemulsion was highly effective against S. aureus, B. cereus and S. typhimurium even at the lowest tested concentration of that EO in the microemulsion (100.0 μg/well). Interestingly, the EO microemulsion showed higher antibacterial activity than Ceftriaxone solution against S. typhimurium at 400.0 μg/well and almost comparable activity against E. coli at 500.0 μg/well. No activity was detected for the EO microemulsion against L. monocytogenes and P. aeruginosa. Eugenol which was also formulated in microemulsion was less effective than N. sativa EO microemulsion except against P. aeruginosa. The synthetic antibiotic (Ceftriaxone) was effective against most of the six tested bacterial strains. This work is the first report revealing the formulation of N. sativa EO in microemulsion system and investigating its antibacterial activity. The results may offer potential application of that water-based microemulsion in controlling the prevalence of some pathogenic bacteria.

Cort van der Linden (1846-1935) : Minister-president in oorlogstijd : een politieke biografie

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Hertog, Johannes Paul den

2007-01-01

This political biography analyzes the political influence of, and methods used by, P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (1846-1935), Dutch Prime-Minister from 1913 to 1918. While he was a Professor of Economics he developed a view of liberalism based on German idealism which also included a progressive use

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Fu, Chunxiang; Hernandez, Timothy; Zhou, Chuanen; Wang, Zeng-Yu

2015-01-01

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a high-quality forage crop widely grown throughout the world. This chapter describes an efficient protocol that allows for the generation of large number of transgenic alfalfa plants by sonication-assisted Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Binary vectors carrying different selectable marker genes that confer resistance to phosphinothricin (bar), kanamycin (npt II), or hygromycin (hph) were used to generate transgenic alfalfa plants. Intact trifoliates collected from clonally propagated plants in the greenhouse were sterilized with bleach and then inoculated with Agrobacterium strain EHA105. More than 80 % of infected leaf pieces could produce rooted transgenic plants in 4-5 months after Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.

Situación General de la Industria de la Construcción de Bajo Bordo

OpenAIRE

Chui, Alexander; Gamero, Magali; Cornejo, Karla; Rios, Vanessa; Valdivia, Maria Laura; Benzaquén de las Casas, Jorge

2016-01-01

Objetivo: Determinar las condiciones en que se encuentra la industria de construcción naval de bajo bordo en el Perú, relacionado con su contexto latinoamericano. Métodos: Se estableció un protocolo de actuación a base entrevistas, cuestionarios y recopilación de datos con el fin de conocer los principales indicadores de la dinámica funcional e industria de construcción naval de bajo bordo. Resultados: El Perú ha crecido notablemente en las últimas dos décadas como consecuencia de la apertura...

Adriamycin-induced oxidative stress is prevented by mixed hydro-alcoholic extract of Nigella sativa and Curcuma longa in rat kidney.

Science.gov (United States)

Mohebbati, Reza; Shafei, Mohammad Naser; Soukhtanloo, Mohammad; Mohammadian Roshan, Noema; Khajavi Rad, Abolfazl; Anaeigoudari, Akbar; Hosseinian, Sara; Karimi, Sareh; Beheshti, Farimah

2016-01-01

Inflammation and oxidative stress is considered to have a crucial role in induction of nephropathy. Curcuma longa (C. longa) and Nigella sativa (N. sativa) have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study was designed to investigate the effect of mixed hydro-alcoholic extract of N.sativa and C. longa on the oxidative stress induced by Adriamycin (ADR) in rat kidney. The animals were divided into 6 groups: control (CO), ADR, Adriamycin+ Vitamin C (ADR+VIT C), C. longa extract+ Adriamycin (C.LE+ADR), N. sativa extract+ Adriamycin (N.SE+ADR) and C. longa extract+ N. sativa extract + Adriamycin (N.S+C.L+ADR). ADR (5mg/kg) was injected intravenously, whereas VITC (100mg/kg) and extract of C. longa (1000mg/kg) and N. sativa (200mg/kg) were administrated orally. Finally, the renal tissue, urine and blood samples were collected and submitted to measure of redox markers, osmolarity and renal index. The renal content of total thiol and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity significantly decreased and Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration increased in Adriamycin group compared to control group. The renal content of total thiol and SOD activity significantly enhanced and MDA concentration reduced in treated-mixed extract of C. longa and N. sativa along with ADR group compared to ADR group. The mixed extract did not restore increased renal index percentage induced by ADR. There also was no significant difference in urine and serum osmolarity between the groups. hydro-alcoholic extracts of N.sativa and C.longa led to an improvement in ADR-induced oxidative stress and mixed administration of the extracts enhanced the aforementioned therapeutic effect.

El “margen protector” de la Corte Penal Internacional

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Ana Elena Abello Jiménez

2015-09-01

Full Text Available La CPI fue creada con el fin de acabar con la impunidad y prevenir los crímenes más atroces contra la humanidad. Para desempeñar sus funciones, depende en gran medida de la cooperación de los Estados parte, lo cual la obliga a actuar con cierta prudencia, pero sin abstenerse de investigar y juzgar. Desde que Palestina reconoció la jurisdicción de la CPI, en enero de 2009, su población civil ha sufrido violencia sistemática y a gran escala en las operaciones Plomo fundido (2009, Pilar defensivo (2012 y Margen protector (2014 del Ejército israelí. En abril de 2012, la Fiscalía de la CPI decidió no abrir una investigación, porque correspondía a la Asamblea General de la ONU determinar si Palestina tenía o no la condición de Estado. Meses después, la propia Asamblea General reconoció a Palestina como Estado no miembro observador de la ONU, tras su previo reconocimiento por la Unesco y la Corte Internacional de Justicia. Con ello se despejaron los últimos obstáculos para que la CPI ejerciera su jurisdicción sobre una situación que continúa dejando miles de víctimas, pues, ¿qué sentido tiene que exista una Corte que contemple, sin inmutarse, la sucesión de delitos atroces?

Calzos pentagonales cementados: influencia de la velocidad de corte en la productividad y los costos//Cemented pentagonal inserts: influence of cutting speed on productivity and costs

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David Machín-Valle

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Las herramientas de corte con sujeción mecánica (calzos o insertos son utilizadas en procesos de mecanizado de alta productividad. El objetivo del trabajo consiste en determinar la influencia de la velocidad de corte del proceso de torneado en la productividad y los costos. En el estudio se emplearon calzos pentagonales de carburo cementado de producción nacional. Como material a elaborar fueutilizado el acero Cr12Mo, utilizándose varias velocidades de corte, manteniéndose constante el avance y la profundidad, hasta alcanzar el desgaste límite del flanco del calzo (0,5 mm para obtener la ecuación que relaciona la velocidad de corte y el tiempo de vida útil del calzo. También fue establecida la influencia de la velocidad de corte sobre los tiempos de maquinado y los costos productivos respectivamente. Por último, la velocidad de corte obtenida para máxima productividad es 255.45 m/min y para el menor costo 120,03 m/min.Palabras claves: torneado, calzos pentagonales, productividad, velocidad de corte.______________________________________________________________________________AbstractCutting tools with mechanical clamping (inserts are used in high productivity machining processes. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of turning process cutting speed on productivity and costs. Cuban pentagonal cemented carbide inserts were used. The turning of Cr12Mo was performed atvarious cutting speeds and remained constant feed and depth. The insert´s flank wear behavior and the equation that relates the cutting speed and the insert life were determined. The influence of the cutting speed on machining time and production costs respectively was established too. It was determined thatthe cutting speed for maximum productivity is 255.45 m / min and for the lowest cost is 120.03 m / min.Key words: turning, pentagonal inserts, productivity, cutting speed.

Comparison of anti-inflammatory activity of nigella sativa and diclofenac sodium in albino rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bashir, M.U.; Qureshi, H.J.; Saleem, T.

2015-01-01

Background: Nigella sativa or Kalonji is a naturally occurring plant in Pakistan and other countries which possesses a wide range of medicinal properties, the anti-inflammatory property being one of these. Diclofenac sodium is a commonly used anti-inflammatory drug. The purpose of this study was to compare the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds with that of diclofenac sodium in albino rats. Method: This laboratory randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in the Physiology Department, Services Institute of Medical Sciences (SIMS), Lahore. The study was carried out on 90 male albino rats. Five percent formalin in a dose of 50 meu was injected into sub-plantar surface of right hind paw of each rat to produce inflammation. The rats were randomly divided into three groups of thirty each. Group A was given normal saline (control); group B was given Nigella sativa seed extract; and group C received diclofenac sodium, as a reference drug. Increase in paw diameter, and total and differential leukocyte counts were measured as markers of inflammation. Results: Nigella sativa seeds extract caused significant (p<0.05) reduction in the paw inflammatory response in albino rats. The effect was longer in duration than the effect caused by diclofenac sodium; however, the extract was comparatively less potent than diclofenac sodium. The extract had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the total or differential leukocyte counts. Conclusion: Our results suggest that ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds possesses potent anti-inflammatory effect, in albino rats however, this effect is comparatively less but prolonged than that produced by diclofenac sodium. (author)

Um problema de corte com padrões compartimentados

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Robinson Hoto

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo apresentaremos a aplicação do Problema da Mochila Compartimentada (PMC no Problema de Corte de Bobinas de Aço (PCBA, que é um problema de corte em duas etapas com restrições especiais de agrupamento dos itens. O PMC consiste em construir compartimentos de capacidades desconhecidas em uma mochila de capacidade conhecida, tendo em vista que os itens de interesse estão agrupados em subconjuntos, de modo que, itens de um agrupamento não podem ser combinados com itens de outro. Para entender melhor o PMC admita que a mochila de um alpinista deve ser composta por um número ideal de compartimentos com itens de quatro categorias (remédios, alimentos, ferramentas, roupas, porém, itens de categorias distintas não podem ser combinados para formar um mesmo compartimento, além do mais, são desconhecidas as capacidades ideais de cada compartimento da mochila.In this paper we will present the application of the Compartmented Knapsack Problem (CKP in the Cut Problem of Steel Rolls (CPSR, that it is a problem of cut in two stages with restrictions special of grouping of items. The CKP consists of constructing compartments of unknown capacities in a knapsack of known capacity, in view of that items of interest is grouped in subgroups, in mode that, items of a grouping cannot be matched with items of another one. To understand the CKP more good it admits that the knapsack of a alpinist must be composite for an ideal number of compartments with items of four categories (remedies, foods, tools, clothes, however, items of distinct categories cannot be matched to form one same compartment, in addition, is unknown the ideal capacities of each compartment of the knapsack.

Desempenho de pontos de corte do índice de massa corporal de diferentes referências na predição de gordura corporal em adolescentes

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Ana Carolina Reiff e Vieira

Full Text Available Avaliamos a acurácia de pontos de corte do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC para identificar adolescentes com sobrepeso, comparando com percentual de gordura corporal, estimado pela bioimpedância elétrica, em uma amostra probabilística de 610 adolescentes de 12 a 19 anos (222 meninos e 388 meninas, estudantes de escolas públicas de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A curva ROC foi utilizada para avaliar a sensibilidade e especificidade de pontos de corte de IMC de uma referência nacional, duas norte-americanas e uma internacional. Os pontos de corte da amostra estudada foram inferiores aos das demais referências, com sensibilidade de 76% a 95% e especificidade de 75% a 95%. Os pontos de corte nacionais foram também mais sensíveis (53% a 100%, se comparados às outras referências (40% a 86%. O critério internacional apresentou melhor sensibilidade para adolescentes mais velhos e as referências americanas, para os mais jovens. O IMC foi um bom proxy de adiposidade, mas o uso de pontos de corte de referências de outras populações merece cautela, pois pode gerar erro na classificação de adolescente com sobrepeso em até 60%.

Allelopathic effect of Raphanus sativus on Urochloa decumbens and Lactuca sativa = Efeito alelopático de Raphanus sativus em Urochloa decumbens e Lactuca sativa

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Rafael Navas

2016-10-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic potential of an extract from the leaves and roots of Raphanus sativus, on the species Urochloa decumbens and Lactuca sativa L. To obtain the extract, the leaves and roots of R. sativus were used separately, crushed at a proportion of 200 g of leaves to 1 L of water to give a crude aqueous extract (100%. Dilutions of 60%, 40% and 20%, and the control were produced from this extract. Seeds of U. decumbens and L. sativa were evenly distributed over two sheets of germitest paper, with four replications of 40 seeds each. Germination was evaluated at 7 and 14 days after sowing, together with the germination speed index (GSI, length of the shoots and roots, and dry weight. The design was completely randomised, and the values submitted to analysis of variance by F-test and regression analysis. The leaf extract gave a reduction in the germination of L. sativa at all tested doses. With application of the root extract, an increase was seen in germination, in the GSI and length of the radicle in U. decumbens at doses of from 40%. Moreover, with application of the leaf extract, the length of the shoot and radicle were also greater, irrespective of the dose applied. There was no effect from the treatments on the dry mass of the species. = Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o potencial alelopático de extrato de folhas e raízes de Raphanus sativus, nas espécies Urochloa decumbens e Lactuca sativa L. Para obtenção do extrato, foram utilizadas separadamente folhas e raízes de R. sativus, trituradas na proporção de 200 g de folhas para 1 L de água, resultando no extrato aquoso bruto (100%. A partir desse extrato, foram realizadas as diluições de 60%, 40% e 20% e testemunha. Sementes de U. decumbens e L. sativa foram distribuídas uniformemente sobre duas folhas de papel germitest, com quatro repetições, com 40 sementes cada. As avaliações de germinação foram realizadas aos 7 e aos 14 dias

Protection by Nigella sativa against carbon tetrachloride-induced downregulation of hepatic cytochrome P450 isozymes in rats.

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Ibrahim, Zein S; Ishizuka, Mayumi; Soliman, Mohamed; ElBohi, Khlood; Sobhy, Wageh; Muzandu, Kaampwe; Elkattawy, Azza M; Sakamoto, Kentaro Q; Fujita, Shoichi

2008-11-01

Nigella sativa (family Ranunculaceae) is an annual plant that has been traditionally used on the Indian subcontinent and in Middle Eastern countries. In this study, we investigated the effect of N. sativa oil on the drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and whether it has a protective effect against the acute hepatotoxicity of CCl4. Intraperitoneal injection of rats with CCl4 drastically decreased CYP2E1, CYP2B, CYP3A2, CYP2C11, and CYP1A2 mRNA and protein expressions. Oral administration of 1 ml/kg N. sativa oil every day for one week prior to CCl4 injection alleviated CCl4-induced suppression of CYP2B, CYP3A2, CYP2C11, and CYP1A2. Moreover, CCl4 increased iNOS and TNFalpha mRNA, while N. sativa oil administration for one week prior to CCl4 injection downregulated the CCl4-induced iNOS mRNA and up-regulated IL-10 mRNA. These results indicate that N. sativa oil administration has a protective effect against the CCl4-mediated suppression of hepatic CYPs and that this protective effect is partly due to the downregulation of NO production and up-regulation of the anti-inflammatory IL-10.

Habilidades pre-escolares de los niños nacidos prematuramente y con bajo peso

OpenAIRE

Sasha A. Martínez-Espiet; Irene Sumaza Laborde; Leila Crespo Fernández; Maribel Campos Rivera; Frances Boulon Díaz

2016-01-01

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer el nivel de desarrollo en la etapa pre-escolar de un grupo de niños nacidos prematuramente y con bajo peso. Se evaluó un grupo 20 niños de cuatro años nacidos prematuramente y con bajo peso y un grupo de 20 niños nacidos luego de gestación completada y peso deseado utilizando la prueba de integración visual-motora Beery-Buktenica. Además, se administró el cuestionario del desarrollo Ages and Stages (ASQ-3) a las 40 madres. El análisis estadísti...

Viviendas de muy bajo coste

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Lemus, V.

1982-11-01

Full Text Available Not available.En el Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, se está desarrollando un área de investigación sobre tecnología de materiales y tecnología de sistemas constructivos, la cual está integrada por diversos proyectos encaminados a solucionar problemas relativos a la vivienda. El presente trabajo consiste en el desarrollo de materiales compuestos a base de desechos agrícolas e industriales, con características tales como baja densidad, resistencia adecuada, excelentes propiedades térmicas y acústicas y, fundamentalmente, bajo costo y gran disponibilidad. Los resultados obtenidos son bastante alentadores debido a la durabilidad y resistencia mecánica obtenidos a base del tratamiento proporcionado a la materia orgánica. Se comentan las aplicaciones actuales y futuras de estos nuevos materiales.

Germinación del coco con tres tipos de cortes en Sandy Bay Sirpi, Costa Caribe Sur de Nicaragua

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Jhovany Jhoel Hooker Medina

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Se ha evaluado la germinación del coco criollo (Cocos nucifera, utilizando 3 tipos de cortes (horizontal, transversal, vertical, en Sandy Bay Sirpi, municipio Desembocadura del Río Grande, el experimento fue unifactorial con un Diseño Experimental de Bloques Completamente al Azar (BCA, con 4 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones. Las variables evaluadas: tiempo promedio, porcentaje de germinación y de mortalidad entre los tratamientos y susceptibilidad al ataque de plagas y enfermedades, características morfológicas (tamaño embrión, grosor de hojas, tamaño raíces, las variables se sometieron a un análisis de varianza con un 95 por ciento de confianza. El mayor porcentaje de germinación de las nueces lo presento corte vertical con un porcentaje del 95, el segundo de corte transversal 83, seguido del corte horizontal 76 y testigo con 50: todos evaluados con una muestra de 60 nueces con los diferentes tratamientos. En índice de mortalidad a los 135 días de establecidos lo obtuvo el T4 (corte vertical con el porcentaje del 5; seguido por T3 (corte transversal con 16; T2 (corte horizontal con 23; y, T1 (testigo con 50. Respecto a la morfología el T4 obtuvo mejores promedios, tamaño del embrión (53.71 cm, grosor de hojas (5.72 cm, tamaño de raíces (29.55 cm, seguido el T3, T2 y T1. Se determinó que el mejor tratamiento para acelerar la germinación de la variedad del coco criollo Alto del Atlántico, corte vertical (T4, presentó mejores características y mayor cantidad de nueces germinadas en menos tiempo promedio. Abstract The germination of the native coconut (Cocos nucifera was evaluated using 3 types of cuts (horizontal, transversal, vertical at Sandy Bay Sirpi, Rio Grande estuary municipality, the experiment was univariate with an Experimental Block Design (BCA, with 4 treatments and 4 replicates. The variables evaluated: mean time, percentage of germination and mortality among treatments and susceptibility to attack of pests and

Antioxidant property of Nigella sativa (black cumin) and Syzygium aromaticum (clove) in rats during aflatoxicosis.

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Abdel-Wahhab, M A; Aly, S E

2005-01-01

Aflatoxins, a group of closely related, extremely toxic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, can occur as natural contaminants of foods and feeds. Aflatoxins have been shown to be hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic to different animal species. Nigella sativa (black cumin) and Syzygium aromaticum (clove) oil are used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and have antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of these volatile oils to scavenge free radicals generated during aflatoxicosis. Sixty male rats were divided into six treatment groups, including a control group, and the groups were treated for 30 days with Nigella sativa and Syzygium aromaticum oils with or without aflatoxin. Blood samples were collected at the end of the experimental period for haematological and biochemical analysis. The results indicated that exposure to aflatoxins resulted in haematological and biochemical changes typical for aflatoxicosis. Treatment with Nigella sativa and Syzygium aromaticum oil of rats fed an aflatoxin-contaminated diet resulted in significant protection against aflatoxicosis. Moreover, Nigella sativa oil was found to be more effective than Syzygium aromaticum oil in restoring the parameters that were altered by aflatoxin in rats. Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Algas epífitas de Bajo Pepito, Isla Mujeres, Quintana Roo, México

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L.I Quan-Young

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Epiphytic algae from Bajo Pepito, Isla Mujeres, Quintana Roo, México. A total of 96 epiphytic algae species were identified from Bajo Pepito, Quintana Roo, México. 60.4% (58 belonged to the Rhodophyta, 19.79% (19 to the Phaeophyta, 16.6% (16 to the Chlorophyta and 3.1% (3 to the Cyanophyta; 49 species (50.5% were found only in one month, while Heterosiphonia crispella was found in all of the sampled months. That species provided the largest contribution to the biomass of epiphytes. During January we registered the greater biommass and richness of epiphytes species, coincidently with high values of host species cover and rainfall. Rev. Biol. Trop. 54(2: 317-328. Epub 2006 Jun 01.

El cuerpo del monstruo en "Los Premios" de Julio Cortázar.

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María Luiza Teixeira Batista

2008-01-01

Full Text Available ENGLISH: In this paper, we intend to analyze the first novel of Julio Cortázar, Los Premios, published in 1960. Our analysis is centered on the figure of the monster that is concealed in the description and in the actions of the characters. It is known that the appearance is one of the aspects that characterize the monster. It is also known that, through history, it is a creature that causes fear, a representation of dreadfulness, a personal creation that gets stronger for its capacity of mystery. SPANISH: En este trabajo, nos propondremos a analizar la primera novela de Julio Cortázar, Los Premios, publicada en 1960. Nuestro análisis abordará la figura del monstruo que seencuentra latente tanto en la descripción como en las acciones de los personajes. Se sabe que apariencia del monstruo es uno de los aspectos que lo caracteriza como tal. Se sabe también que, a través de la historia, el monstruo es aquel ser que causa miedo y espanto, el depositario de los horrores in-mundo, una creación popular que se veengrandecida por su capacidad de misterio.

Biochemical and Histopathological Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Nigella sativa and Mentha piperita Oils to Broilers

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Marian H. Ghaly

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This study was carried out to evaluate the biochemical and histopathological effects of dietary supplementation of Nigella sativa and Mentha piperita oils to broilers for 6 weeks. A total 80 unsexed one day old Cobb broiler chicks was obtained from Cairo Company with average body weight 55g were used .The chicks were taken and randomly allocated into 4 equal groups (20 each named control, Nigella sativa oil treated group, Mentha piperita oil treated group and Nigella sativa + Mentha piperita oils treated group. Serum samples and tissue samples (liver and kidney were obtained at 21 and 42 days old for some serum biochemical analysis (ALT, AST and ALP activities; creatinine, Urea, Total protein and Albumin levels and histopathological examination (Liver and Kidney processed slide sections. The obtained results indicated that dietary supplementation of broilers diet with Nigella sativa, Mentha piperita and their combination for long period (6 weeks couldn’t alter liver and kidney functions as cleared from biochemical findings but could caused slight hepatic and renal histopathological changes as showed from histopathological examination.

Identification of novel RNA viruses in alfalfa (Medicago sativa): an Alphapartitivirus, a Deltapartitivirus, and a Marafivirus.

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Kim, Hyein; Park, Dongbin; Hahn, Yoonsoo

2018-01-05

Genomic RNA molecules of plant RNA viruses are often co-isolated with the host RNAs, and their sequences can be detected in plant transcriptome datasets. Here, an alfalfa (Medicago sativa) transcriptome dataset was analyzed and three new RNA viruses were identified, which were named Medicago sativa alphapartitivirus 1 (MsAPV1), Medicago sativa deltapartitivirus 1 (MsDPV1), and Medicago sativa marafivirus 1 (MsMV1). The RNA-dependent RNA polymerases of MsAPV1, MsDPV1, and MsMV1 showed about 68%, 58%, and 46% amino acid sequence identity, respectively, with their closest virus species. Sequence similarity and phylogenetic analyses indicated that MsAPV1, MsDPV1, and MsMV1 were novel RNA virus species that belong to the genus Alphapartitivirus of the family Partitiviridae, the genus Deltapartitivirus of the family Partitiviridae, and the genus Marafivirus of the family Tymoviridae, respectively. The bioinformatics procedure applied in this study may facilitate the identification of novel RNA viruses from plant transcriptome data. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Origin of samples of Cannabis sativa through insect fragments associated with compacted hemp drug in South America

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Marcos Patrício Macedo

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Origin of samples of Cannabis sativa through insect fragments associated with compacted hemp drug in South America. Insects associated with a seizure of Cannabis sativa L. may indicate the origin of the illicit drug. Nevertheless, no work regarding this subject has been previously published for South America. In the present investigation, seven kilograms of vegetal material (C. sativa were inspected for insect fragments. Three species were identified and used to test the origin of the seizure of cannabis plant material: Euschistus heros (Fabricius, 1794, Thyanta perditor (Fabricius, 1794 (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, and Cephalotes pusillus (Klug, 1824 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae. These insect species restricted the geographic origin of the drug to the Neotropical region, and their distribution patterns showed an overlap of the State of Mato Grosso (Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay. Based on this information, two of the three major C. sativa growing areas in South America were excluded: (1 the Colombian territory and (2 northeastern Brazil.

Nigella sativa L. and its bioactive constituents as hepatoprotectant: a review.

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Tabassum, Heena; Ahmad, Asad; Ahmad, Iffat Zareen

2018-04-26

The pharmacological properties of Nigella sativa L. are well attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds, mainly, thymoquinone (TQ), thymol (THY) and α hederin and their antioxidant effects. TQ,THY and alpha-hederin (α-hederin) provide protection to liver from injury via different mechanisms including inhibition of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, elevation in total thiol content and (GSH) level, radical scavenging, increasing the activity of quinone reductase, catalase, superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione transferase (GST), inhibition of NF-κB activity and inhibition of both (COX) and (LOX) protects liver from injuries. The main aim of this literature review is to reflect the relevant role of ROS in inducing hepatic diseases and also the preventive role of N. sativa L. in hepatic diseases. The present article is directed towards highlighting the beneficial contribution of researchers to explore the pharmacological actions with therapeutic potential of this precious natural herb and its bioactive compounds pertaining to the hepatoprotective effects. We systematically searched for research literature through well-framed review question and presented the data in the tabular forms for the convenience of the readers. Two hundred forty-one papers were embodied in this review, oxidative effect and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to be the major causes of many diseases such as hepatic cancer. Many drugs and chemicals have shown to incite oxidative damage by generation of ROS in the body. Therefore, this review intent to focus the role of ROS in liver diseases and the mechanisms through which N. sativa prevents hepatic diseases. The mechanisms by which N. sativa impede progression in chronic liver diseases should be used as a preventive medicine in patients with hepatic disorders. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.

Melatonin and vitamin C exacerbate Cannabis sativa-induced testicular damage when administered separately but ameliorate it when combined in rats.

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Alagbonsi, Isiaka A; Olayaki, Luqman A; Salman, Toyin M

2016-05-01

The mechanisms involved in the spermatotoxic effect of Cannabis sativa are inconclusive. The involvement of oxidative stress in male factor infertility has been well documented, and the antioxidative potential of melatonin and vitamin C in many oxidative stress conditions has been well reported. This study sought to investigate whether melatonin and vitamin C will ameliorate C. sativa-induced spermatotoxicity or not. Fifty-five (55) male albino rats (250-300 g) were randomly divided in a blinded fashion into five oral treatment groups as follows: group I (control, n=5) received 1 mL/kg of 10% ethanol for 30 days; groups IIa, IIb, and IIc (n=5 each) received 2 mg/kg C. sativa for 20, 30, and 40 days, respectively; groups IIIa, IIIb, and IIIc (n=5 each) received a combination of 2 mg/kg C. sativa and 4 mg/kg melatonin for 20, 30, and 40 days, respectively; groups IVa, IVb, and IVc (n=5 each) received a combination of 2 mg/kg C. sativa and 1.25 g/kg vitamin C for 20, 30, and 40 days, respectively; group V (n=5) received a combination of 2 mg/kg C. sativa, 4 mg/kg melatonin, and 1.25 g/kg vitamin C for 30 days. Cannabis treatments reduced the Johnsen score, sperm count, motility, morphology, paired testicular/body weight ratio, and total antioxidant capacity, but increased lactate dehydrogenase activity. In addition, supplementation of cannabis-treated rats with either melatonin or vitamin C exacerbates the effect of cannabis on those parameters, whereas combination of melatonin and vitamin C reversed the trend to the level comparable to control. This study further showed the gonadotoxic effect of C. sativa, which could be mediated by oxidative stress. It also showed that melatonin and vitamin C exacerbate C. sativa-induced testicular damage when administered separately but ameliorate it when combined in rats.

Autoestima en adolescentes con bajo rendimiento escolar a través del psicodiagnóstico de Rorschach

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Magally de Garrido-Lecca

1997-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo fue determinar si existen diferencias en la autoestima de adolescentes con bajo rendimiento escolar comparados con los de un rendimiento promedio o superior. Los participantes fueron 60 adolescentes, entre 13 y 16 años, de ambos sexos, con un C.I. promedio o superior al promedio, de los cuales 30 presentaban un bajo rendimiento escolar  (grupo de estudio y 30 un buen rendimiento (grupo contraste. Se administró el WISCR para determinar el C.I. y el Rorschach según el SC de Exner para evaluar la autoestima. Los resultados mostraron que el Rorschach es adecuado para evaluar la autoestima. Asimismo existe una diferencia significativa en la autoestima de adolescentes con bajo rendimiento como resultado de sus déficits afectivos, en comparación con los de alto rendimiento.

CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO Y CORTES ESTRUCTURALES. El caso de Andalucía (1900-1999

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Carmen Lizárraga

2014-01-01

Full Text Available La falta de series macroeconómicas históricas para las economías regionales dificul-ta la profundización en el conocimiento de los factores explicativos de su evolución económica. En este artículo se utiliza una serie anual del producto interno bruto, estimada por la vía de la oferta, para Andalucía a lo largo del siglo XX. A partir de estas cifras se establece los cortes estructurales que se producen en esa etapa y que contribuyen a explicar el atraso económico relativo andaluz. Se encuentran tres fechas significativas de corte y los resultados obtenidos permiten establecer que la tasa de crecimiento económico medio anual del producto interno bruto al costo de los factores (PIBcf per capita fue igual a 1.64%, lo que supone un diferencial de más de medio punto porcentual respecto al 2.20% de España.

Sedimentation Study and Flume Investigation, Mission Creek, Santa Barbara, California; Corte Madera Creek, Marin County, California

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Copeland, Ronald

2000-01-01

.... An existing concrete-lined flood control channel on Corte Madera Creek in Marin County, California lacks a debris basin at its upstream terminus and carries significant bed load through a supercritical flow reach...

Libertad negativa y libre desarrollo de la personalidad en la jurisprudencia constitucional colombiana: un análisis desde la perspectiva de John Stuart Mill y Thomas Hobbes

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Carlos Alberto Jaramillo

2013-12-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo pretende demostrar que la Corte Constitucional colombiana confunde la noción de libre desarrollo de la personalidad con la noción de libertad negativa, debido a que en el fondo de su argumentación subyace el pensamiento de Thomas Hobbes; situación distinta sería si la Corte fundamentara sus sentencias en el concepto de libertad, desarrollado por John Stuart Mill, quien estaría más acorde con la noción de libre desarrollo de la personalidad bajo los presupuestos de un Estado Social y Democrático de Derecho fundado en la dignidad humana.

Molecular diversity study of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) from ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Vostro 2520

2015-05-06

May 6, 2015 ... Nigella sativa L. (commonly known as black cumin) belonging to family Rannunculaceae is an ...... landraces under drought stress and non-stress conditions. Afr. J. ... distances among DNA haplotypes: Application to human.

Relação Hipsométrica para Pinus taeda L. em Diferentes Fases do Ciclo de Corte

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Marcos Felipe Nicoletti

Full Text Available RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as diferentes etapas do ciclo de corte, buscando uma relação hipsométrica adequada para estimar alturas dessas diferentes fases em um reflorestamento de Pinus taeda. Foram realizados cinco tratamentos, sendo o quinto a junção dos dados pertencentes aos demais tratamentos (modelo reduzido. A amostragem seguiu o método de área fixa, no qual o tamanho das parcelas e o número de árvores dominantes diferenciaram-se nos ciclos de corte. Definiu-se a localização das parcelas através de amostragem aleatória simples (oito parcelas por ciclo de corte. Foram determinadas as estatísticas de ajustes, coeficiente de determinação ajustado, erro-padrão e análise de resíduos. Efetuou-se o teste de identidade de Graybill para verificação da necessidade da utilização de diferentes modelos para distintas classes de idade. Os resultados comprovaram que existem diferenças significativas entre adotar-se um modelo específico para cada fase e utilizar um único melhor modelo para o povoamento total.

Comportamiento al corte de hormigones reforzado con fibras de acero Shear behavior of steel fiber reinforced concretes

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Sergio Carmona Malatesta

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un estudio experimental a cerca de la influencia de la incorporación de fibras de acero en el comportamiento del hormigón frente a esfuerzos de corte, medidos utilizando el ensayo JSCE - SF6, modificado. Usando los resultados de los ensayos realizados se evalúa La capacidad de disipación de energía del hormigón durante la rotura o tenacidad del hormigón reforzado con fibras en función del contenido y tipo de Fibra utilizada. Con los resultados obtenidos, se puede concluir que la incorporación de fibras como refuerzo al esfuerzo de corte aumenta la ductilidad del hormigón, permitiendo mayores deformaciones que un hormigón convencional. Se observa que la capacidad de absorber energía de los hormigones, cuantificada a través de la tenacidad absoluta, se incrementa más de tres veces cuando se incorporar fibras y no se tienen roturas frágiles. Por lo tanto, la incorporación de fibras como refuerzo es una buena solución para mejorar la respuesta del hormigón ante solicitaciones de corte. Por otra parte, se demuestra que el ensayo de corte propuesto por la recomendación japonesa JSCE-SF6, levemente modificada, entrega resultados coherentes y reproducibles, permitiendo cuantificar diferentes propiedades del hormigón reforzado con fibras sometido a solicitaciones de corte.This paper presents the results of an experimental research on influence of steel fibers on shear behavior of concrete, using modified JSCE - SF6 test. The tests results are used to evaluate the energy dissipation capacity of concrete during failure or fiber reinforced concrete toughness, in terms of amount and type of fibers. With the results, it can be concluded that the addition of fibers as shear reinforcement influence significantly the ductility of concrete. The results show that the absorption energy capacity of concrete, measured by mean of absolute toughness, increase 3 times when concrete is reinforced with

Suprema Corte de Justicia de los Estados Unidos

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Suprema Corte de Justicia Estados Unidos de Norte América

2015-10-01

Full Text Available INFORME DEL INSTITUTO DE DERECHO INTERNACIONAL PUBLICO.AUTOS: ESTADOS UNIDOS (Apelante v./ HUMBERTO ALVAREZ MACHAINLOS HECHOS.Un ciudadano mejicano fue secuestrado por la fuerza (en su país y transportado en un avión particular a los E.E.U.U. donde fue arrestado bajo acusación de haber participado en el rapto y asesinato, cometidos en Méjico, de un agente del Departamento para el Control de la Droga de los Estados Unidos (D.E.A. y su acompañante. (... 

Induction of apoptosis in HeLa cells by chloroform fraction of seed extracts of Nigella sativa

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Alshatwi Ali A

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Cancer remains one of the most dreaded diseases causing an astonishingly high death rate, second only to cardiac arrest. The fact that conventional and newly emerging treatment procedures like chemotherapy, catalytic therapy, photodynamic therapy and radiotherapy have not succeeded in reverting the outcome of the disease to any drastic extent, has made researchers investigate alternative treatment options. The extensive repertoire of traditional medicinal knowledge systems from various parts of the world are being re-investigated for their healing properties. This study progresses in the direction of identifying component(s from Nigella sativa with anti cancer acitivity. In the present study we investigated the efficacy of Organic extracts of Nigella sativa seed powder for its clonogenic inhibition and induction of apoptosis in HeLa cancer cell. Results Methanolic, n-Hexane and chloroform extracts of Nigella sativa seedz effectively killed HeLa cells. The IC50 values of methanolic, n-hexane, and chloroform extracts of Nigella sativa were 2.28 μg/ml, 2.20 μg/ml and 0.41 ng/ml, respectively. All three extracts induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. Apoptosis was confirmed by DNA fragmentation, western blot and terminal transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin-end labeling (TUNEL assay. Conclusion Western Blot and TUNEL results suggested that Nigella sativa seed extracts regulated the expression of pro- and anti- apoptotic genes, indicating its possible development as a potential therapeutic agent for cervical cancer upon further investigation.

Cannabis sativa L. genetically transformed root based culture via Agrobacterium rhizogenes

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Farnoush Berahmand

2016-09-01

Full Text Available It is an increased interest in the therapeutic potential of Cannabis sativa L. (marijuana for treatment of multiple sclerosis and HIV neuropathy. Because of limitation in cultivation of this plant, an efficient hairy root induction system for Cannabis sativa L. was developed in the present study. Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated transformation performed by two different co-cultivation mediums and four different bacterial strains including A4, ATCC15834, MSU440, and A13 (MAFF-02-10266. Genomic DNA from putative transgenic hairy root lines and the control root was extracted using a modified CTAB protocol. Molecular analysis of transformed root lines was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction using specific primers of the rolB gene. The transformation frequency by Murashige and Skoog co-cultivation medium resulting in hairy root induction frequencies of 42.3%, 46.3%, 68.6% and 39.3% by A4, ATCC15834, MSU440, and A13 strains, respectively. There was no significant difference between MS or ½ MS co-cultivation mediums.  This study established a reliable protocol for induction of hairy roots of C. sativa. The best A. rhisogenes strain was MSU440. It was observed no significant difference between MS and ½ MS co-cultivation mediums on transformation frequency.

DISPOSITIVO TRANSDUCTOR PARA LA MEDICIÓN DE FUERZA Y VELOCIDAD EN UNA TAREA DE CORTE CON ESCALPELO DISPOSITIVO TRANSDUCTOR PARA A MEDIÇÃO DE FORÇA E VELOCIDADE EM UMA TAREFA DE CORTE COM ESCALPELO TRANSDUCER DEVICE FOR MEASURING FORCE AND SPEED IN A TASK OF SCALPEL CUTTING

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Edilberto Mejía

2010-12-01

Full Text Available El artículo muestra el diseño y fabricación de un dispositivo mecatrónico capaz de llevar a cabo la medición de fuerza y velocidad en una tarea de corte hecha con escalpelo. Se hizo un estudio, basado en el método de elementos finitos, con el fin de registrar la fuerza necesaria para romper el tejido (pechuga de pollo, teniendo un referente teórico como parámetro de comparación de los resultados obtenidos en las pruebas de corte efectuadas. Se usó como elemento primario de medición un sensor del tipo FlexiForce A201-25. El dispositivo fue acoplado, como herramienta de trabajo, a un brazo robótico industrial, programado con una rutina de corte transversal. La velocidad de corte del dispositivo implementado fue sensada por medio de una cámara, llevando a cabo un seguimiento a un marcador establecido previamente; para tal fin se desarrolló un software en lenguaje de programación C#. Todas las pruebas se efectuaron sobre el mismo tejido y con la misma rutina, con el fin de realizar una medición de la repetitividad del corte. Los resultados obtenidos fueron registrados en tablas, para efectos de análisis estadístico, y representación gráfica.Ou artigo mostra o desenho e fabricação de um dispositivo mecatrônico, capaz de fazer a medição de força e velocidade em uma tarefa de corte feita com bisturi. Fez-se um estudo baseado no método dos elementos finitos, a fim de registar a força necessária para romper ou tecido (peito de frango, com um referencial teórico como parâmetro de comparação dos resultados obtidos nos ensaios de corte efetuados. Usou-se como elemento primário de medição um sensor do tipo FlexiForce A201-25. O dispositivo foi conectado, como ferramenta de trabalho, a um braço robótico industrial programado com uma rotina de corte transversal. A velocidade de corte do dispositivo implantado foi sensada por meio de uma câmera, fazendo um seguimento a um marcador estabelecido previamente; para esta

Prediction of chemical composition of South African Medicago sativa ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict chemical and digestibility parameters was investigated. Samples (n = 168) representing the spectral characteristics of the South African. Medicago sativa L. hay population were chemically analysed for the development of calibration equations. Values for r² and ...

Estimation of larval density of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard (Diptera ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This study was conducted to develop sequential sampling plans to estimate larval density of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard (Diptera: Agromyzidae) at three precision levels in cucumber greenhouse. The within- greenhouse spatial patterns of larvae were aggregated. The slopes and intercepts of both Iwao's patchiness ...

cultivadas bajo un gradiente de sombra

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Marco V. Gutiérrez

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó el crecimiento de 9 especies de palmas cultivadas bajo un gradiente de sombra producido por mallas de polipropileno negro de 40, 50, 60, 70 y 80% de sombra, más un tratamiento de malla aluminizada de 70%, y uno con plantas a pleno sol. Las especies evaluadas fueron Caryota mitis (cola de pez, Chamaedorea costaricana (pacaya, Chamaedorea tepejilote (tepejilote, Dypsis lutescens (areca, Licuala elegans (licuala, Phoenix roebelenii (fénix, Ptychosperma macarthurii (palma macarthur, Roystonea regia (palma real, y Veitchia merrillii (navideña. Se midió la altura de las plantas, la longitud de las hojas maduras, y el número de hojas cosechadas, durante 5 cosechas por 2 años. En general, la altura de las plantas y la longitud de las hojas fueron menores a 0-40% de sombra, se incrementaron a 50-70%, y decrecieron a 80%. C. mitis, C. tepejilote, L. elegans y P. macarthurii, se comportaron como especies obligadas de sombra y no sobrevivieron a pleno sol. C. costaricana y D. lutescens sobrevivieron a plena exposición solar, y su crecimiento alcanzó valores máximos a 50-60%. P. roebelenii, R. regia, y V. merrillii mostraron un crecimiento reducido a 0-40%, pero éste mejoró bajo los demás niveles de sombra a lo largo del gradiente. En general, 1-2 años es un periodo apropiado para el cultivo de palmas de crecimiento rápido (R. regia, Chamedorea spp., D. lutescens en casas de mallas. Palmas de lento crecimiento (L.elegans pueden permanecer 3-5 años en una casa de sombra. Se discute estrategias para el uso de gradientes de sombra en el tiempo y en el espacio, según la utilidad y los requerimientos de las especies, los requisitos establecidos por el mercado, y el ciclo de producción del material vegetal.

Turnover de carbono nos tecidos de frangos de corte em diferentes fases de crescimento

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Carlos Ducatti

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho objetivou determinar o turnover do carbono no Pectoralis major, quilha, tíbia e fígado de frangos de corte em seus diferentes períodos de crescimento, utilizando a técnica dos isótopos estáveis. Foram utilizados 216 pintos de corte, machos, Cobb. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado e consistiu de sete tratamentos com dias de substituição das dietas distintos: 0; 7; 14; 21; 28; 35; 42 dias de idade. Para mensurar o turnover do carbono nos tecidos em determinado intervalo de tempo, foi utilizado o modelo sigmoidal de regressão de Boltzmann ou função exponencial do tempo. Os valores de meias-vidas foram: 2,5; 2,8; 2,9; 4,9; 5,1; 5,5 e 6,0 dias para músculo peitoral; 2,7; 2,9; 3,1; 4,6; 5,3; 4,1 e 8,0 dias para quilha; 4,4; 3,6; 5,4; 5,8; 4,3; 5,2 e 6,3 dias para tíbia e 1,3; 1,9; 1,4; 1,5; 1,9; 1,7 e 2,1 dias para fígado, nos tratamentos T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 e T7, respectivamente. Pode-se concluir que a tíbia possui metabolismo lento e pode indicar o sinal isotópico das dietas iniciais da criação dos frangos de corte; e o fígado, metabolismo rápido, indicado para refletir a dieta próxima da fase de avaliação.

Comportamento da beterraba minimamente processada em diferentes espessuras de corte

OpenAIRE

Vitti Maria Carolina D.; Kluge Ricardo Alfredo; Yamamotto Liane K.; Jacomino Angelo Pedro

2003-01-01

Avaliou-se a qualidade de beterraba minimamente processada com diferentes espessuras de corte. As raízes foram processadas nas espessuras de 2; 5 e 8 mm. Após o preparo, foram acondicionadas em bandejas de poliestireno expandido e armazenadas a 5°C durante 10 dias. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial (3x4). A cada 2 dias foram avaliados o teor de sólidos solúveis totais, a perda de massa, a coloração, a aparência, os teores de betacianina e de betaxant...

Modelo matemático para la predicción del esfuerzo de corte en el mecanizado a alta velocidad

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Harber, R. E.

2004-08-01

Full Text Available This paper presents cutting force-based models able to describe a high speed machining process. The model considers the cutting force as output variable, essential for the physical processes that are taking place in high speed machining. Moreover, this paper shows the mathematical development to derive the integral-differential equations, and the algorithms implemented in MATLAB to predict the cutting force in real time. MATLAB is a software tool for doing numerical computations with matrices and vectors. It can also display information graphically and includes many toolboxes for several research and applications areas. Two end mill shapes are considered (i.e., cylindrical and ball end mill for real-time implementation of the developed algorithms. The developed models are validated in slot milling operations. The results corroborate the importance of the cutting force variable for predicting tool wear in high speed machining operations. The developed models are the starting point for future work related with vibration analysis, process stability and dimensional surface finish in high speed machining processes.

Este trabajo presenta una primera aproximación a un modelo matemático que describe el proceso de mecanizado a alta velocidad. El modelo propuesto está sustentado en el esfuerzo de corte como variable de salida, representativa de los procesos físicos que tienen lugar durante el corte. El trabajo muestra el desarrollo matemático conducente a la obtención de las ecuaciones integro-diferenciales y los algoritmos, computacionalmente eficientes e implementados en MATLAB, para la predicción del esfuerzo de corte en el mecanizado a alta velocidad. MATLAB es un entorno de computación y desarrollo de aplicaciones, que permite realizar de forma eficiente cálculos con vectores y matrices. En el entorno, se incluyen facilidades para el análisis numérico, cálculo matricial, procesamiento de señales y visualización gráfica. En los

La revolución constitucional en Cádiz a través de los decretos de Cortes

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Asunción de la Iglesia Chamarro

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Las Cortes Generales y Extraordinarias de Cádiz (1810-1813 ejercieron su plenitud de poder a través de una figura original y revolucionaria: el Decreto de Cortes. Esta figura —que cuenta con el antecedente de los decretos asamblearios en la Revolución Francesa de 1789— sirvió para poner las primera piedras del moderno Estado Constitucional. Y así, por Decreto de Cortes se afirmarán, entre otros elementos que le son propios, la soberanía nacional, la división de poderes o la libertad de imprenta, aunque, como es bien sabido, el intento constitucional de Cádiz quedó varado en 1814 cuando —también por Decreto— el rey Fernando VII derogó la Constitución de 1812. Históricamente, en España, la figura del Decreto o venía ligada al ejercicio de la soberanía del monarca. Por eso, los Decretos de Cortes, en sí mismos, son expresivos de la revolución misma en la medida en que reflejan la transferencia de la soberanía del rey a la Nación. Las Cortes establecieron de facto un sistema de gobierno asambleario y llevaron a cabo su obra principalmente a través de Decretos (más de trescientos, unos de contenido constitucional, otros de carácter legislativo y otros, en fin, de ordinario gobierno. En 1812, comienza a perfilarse una distinción entre Decreto (de exclusiva competencia de las Cortes y Ley (cuando atendiendo al objeto — regulación de carácter general y abstracto— aquel debe recibir sanción regia. Esta distinción es tributaria del constitucionalismo francés que, a su vez, en este punto, acoge la tesis de Rousseau, que en su obra el Contrato Social distingue entre ley (disposición general y abstracta y decreto (acto o resolución particular, aunque sea expresión de soberanía. The General and Extraordinary Parliament of Cádiz (1810-1813 exercised its full power through an original and revolutionary legal instrument: the Assembly Decree. This legal instrument, which evolved from the assembly-decrees of the

Microencapsulation of Nigella sativa oleoresin by spray drying for food and nutraceutical applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Edris, Amr E; Kalemba, Danuta; Adamiec, Janusz; Piątkowski, Marcin

2016-08-01

Oleoresin of Nigella sativa L. (Black cumin) was obtained from the seeds using hexane extraction at room temperature. The oleoresin was emulsified in an aqueous solution containing gum Arabic/maltodextrin (1:1 w/w) and then encapsulated in powder form by spray drying. The characteristics of the obtained powder including moisture content, bulk density, wettability, morphology, encapsulation efficiency were evaluated. The effect of the spray drying on the chemical composition of the volatile oil fraction of N. sativa oleoresin was also evaluated using gas chromatographic-mass spectroscopic analysis. Results indicated that the encapsulation efficiency of the whole oleoresin in the powder can range from 84.2±1.5% to 96.2±0.2% depending on the conditions of extracting the surface oil from the powder. On the other hand the encapsulation efficiency of the volatile oil fraction was 86.2% ±4.7. The formulated N. sativa L. oleoresin powder can be used in the fortification of processed food and nutraceuticals. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Avena sativa L. Extract

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Nooshin Amini

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Objective(s: Nowadays, nanoparticles bio production, considering their performance in medicine and biological science, is increasing. Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using organisms has emerged as a nontoxic and ecofriendly method for synthesis of metal nanoparticles The objectives of this study were the production of silver nanoparticles using Avena sativa L. extract and optimization of the biosynthesis process. The effects of quantity of substrate (silver nitrate (AgNo3 and temperature on the formation of silver nanoparticles are studied. Methods: In this work, silver nanoparticles were synthesized from an extract of Avena sativa L. at different temperatures (30° C, 60° C, 90° C  and AgNo3 concentrations( 1 mM, 2mM, 4mM . The morphology and size of the nanoparticles were determined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS. Results: SEM images showed that by increasing temperature nanoparticles size were decreased and by increasing concentrations of AgNo3 the number of nanoparticles was increased. Conclusions: The results indicated that by increasing the reaction temperature, the size of the nanoparticles would decrease. Also by increasing the concentrations of AgNo3, the amount of produced nanoparticles would be increased, but won't have a significant effect on its size. The preparation of nano- structured silver particles using Avena sativa L. extract provides an environmentally friendly option as compared to currently available chemical/ physical methods.

Phyotoxicity of diesel soil contamination on the germination of Lactuca sativa and Ipomoea batatas.

Science.gov (United States)

Fatokun, Kayode; Lewu, Francis Bayo; Zharare, Godfrey Elijah

2015-11-01

Phytotoxic effect of diesel contaminated soil on germination rate of Lactuca sativa and Ipomoea batatas, at two concentrations ranges (0-6ml and 0-30ml), were investigated and compared. Diesel soil contamination was simulated and soil samples were taken from contaminated soil at 1, 5,10, 15, 25, 50, 75 and 100 days should be after planting. The result showed that in both plant species, diesel inhibited germination in a concentration dependent manner, Also, the influence of diesel contamination diminished with increased time duration; suggesting possible reduction in diesel toxicity over time. However, germination of lettuce was significant and negatively correlated (r2 = -0.941) with diesel contamination as compared to sweet potato (r2 = -0.638).Critical concentration of diesel in relation to seed germination of L. sativa was lower than vegetative germination of I. batatas, indicating that germination of I. batatas was less sensitive to diesel contamination as compared to L. sativa.

A genome browser database for rice (Oryza sativa) and Chinese ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

STORAGESEVER

2009-10-19

Oct 19, 2009 ... sativa) and Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) genomes. The genome ... tant staple food for a large part of the world's human population. .... some banding region for selection and the overview panel shows the location of ...

Testing the toxicity of metals, phenol, effluents, and receiving waters by root elongation in Lactuca sativa L.

Science.gov (United States)

Lyu, Jie; Park, Jihae; Kumar Pandey, Lalit; Choi, Soyeon; Lee, Hojun; De Saeger, Jonas; Depuydt, Stephen; Han, Taejun

2018-03-01

Phytotoxicity tests using higher plants are among the most simple, sensitive, and cost-effective of the methods available for ecotoxicity testing. In the present study, a hydroponic-based phytotoxicity test using seeds of Lactuca sativa was used to evaluate the water quality of receiving waters and effluents near two industrial sites (Soyo and Daejon) in Korea with respect to the toxicity of 10 metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ni, Zn) and phenol, and of the receiving waters and effluents themselves. First, the L. sativa hydroponic bioassay was used to determine whether the receiving water or effluents were toxic; then, the responsible toxicant was identified. The results obtained with the L. sativa bioassay ranked the EC 50 toxicities of the investigated metal ions and phenol as: Cd > Ni > Cu > Zn > Hg > phenol > As > Mn > Cr > Pb > Fe. We found that Zn was the toxicant principally responsible for toxicity in Daejeon effluents. The Daejeon field effluent had a higher Zn concentration than permitted by the effluent discharge criteria of the Ministry of Environment of Korea. Our conclusion on the importance of Zn toxicity was supported by the results of the L. sativa hydroponic assay, which showed that the concentration of Zn required to inhibit root elongation in L. sativa by 50% (EC 50 ) was higher in the Daejeon field effluent than that of pure Zn. More importantly, we proved that the L. sativa hydroponic test method can be applied not only as an alternative tool for determining whether a given waste is acceptable for discharge into public water bodies, but also as an alternative method for measuring the safety of aquatic environments using EC 20 values, with respect to the water pollutants investigated (i.e., Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ni, Zn, and phenol). Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Aplicación de un sistema de demanda casi ideal (AIDS a cortes de carnes de bovino, porcino, pollo, huevo y tortilla en el periodo de 1995-2008

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Jesús Ramírez Tinoco

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se estiman las elasticidades de la demanda Marshallianas y Hicksianas para diferentes productos como: cortes de carne de bovino (bistec y cortes especiales, porcino (bistec, pulpa y molida, pollo entero, huevo y tortilla. Para ello se estimó un Sistema de Demanda Casi Ideal (AIDS, con ecuaciones aparentemente no relacionadas (SUR, por sus siglas en ingles, aplicando el índice de precios Stone. De acuerdo con los resultados de las elasticidades precio propias Marshallianas y Hicksianas, 11 de 12 productos resultaron con elasticidad menores a uno, o sea inelásticos. En el caso de las elasticidades precio cruzadas, las combinaciones que resultan como sustitutos son, bistec de bovino con cortes especiales de bovino, porcino (bistec, pulpa y molida y pollo entero, la otra combinación es cortes especiales con porcino. La tortilla, se visualiza como complementaria con todos los cortes y con el huevo, las elasticidades gasto indican que los cárnicos y el huevo se establecen como bienes normales necesarios. El modelo AIDS es utilizado para pronosticar cambios en la demanda, por lo que, ante un aumento del 10 % en los precios de los productos en estudio, se pronostica una disminución de las cantidades demandadas de bistec (7.4 %, cortes especiales (7.7 % y pollo entero (4.7 %, los productos menos afectados son, porcino (bistec, trozo y molida y el huevo con 2 y 0.2 %, respectivamente.

Learning of courtship components in Drosophila mercatorum (Paterson & Wheller (Diptera, Drosophilidae Aprendizado de corte sexual em Drosophila mercatorum (Paterson & Wheller (Diptera, Drosophilidae

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Andrei Polejack

2007-03-01

Full Text Available In Drosophila, courtship is an elaborate sequence of behavioural patterns that enables the flies to identify conspecific mates from those of closely related species. This is important because drosophilids usually gather in feeding sites, where males of various species court females vigorously. We investigated the effects of previous experience on D. mercatorum courtship, by testing if virgin males learn to improve their courtship by observing other flies (social learning, or by adjusting their pre-existent behaviour based on previous experiences (facilitation. Behaviours recorded in a controlled environment were courtship latency, courtship (orientation, tapping and wing vibration, mating and other behaviours not related to sexual activities. This study demonstrated that males of D. mercatorum were capable of improving their mating ability based on prior experiences, but they had no social learning on the development of courtship.Em Drosophila, a corte sexual consiste em uma elaborada seqüência de padrões comportamentais que possibilita às moscas reconhecer parceiros conspecíficos dentre indivíduos de outras espécies. Essa discriminação é importante uma vez que drosofilídeos geralmente se agregam em sítios de alimentação, onde machos de diversas espécies cortejam as fêmeas vigorosamente. Neste estudo, testamos se machos virgens aprimoram seu comportamento de corte mediante a observação do cortejo de outras moscas da população (aprendizado social, ou mediante experiências próprias anteriores (facilitação. O comportamento de corte das moscas, observado em ambiente controlado, foi registrado com relação aos seguintes componentes: latência da corte, duração da corte (orientação, "tapping" e vibração das asas, cópula, e outros comportamentos não relacionados à corte sexual. Os resultados aqui obtidos sugerem que machos de D. mercatorum são capazes de aprimorar sua habilidade de cortejar fêmeas em função de

Agronomy and photosynthesis physiology of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Tang, Kailei

2018-01-01

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a sustainable high-yielding crop that delivers valuable fibres, seeds and psychoactive substances. However, there is a lack of field experimental data on the cultivation of hemp because its production was largely abandoned in the last century. Hemp is now

Genetic transformation of lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ): A review | Dan ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a globally important leafy vegetable that can be grown worldwide. Due to the rapid growth of population and the human desire to progress, there have been a lot of studies made by researchers, especially in genetic engineering. Improvements in regeneration system and transformation ...

Materiales, tecnologías y prototipos de viviendas de muy bajo coste

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Salas Serrano, Julián

1982-11-01

Full Text Available Not available.El fin último de la investigación es el de conseguir unas tipologías de viviendas realizadas mediante materiales, procedimientos o sistemas constructivos que permitan proporcionar un producto final, cuyas características fundamentales sean: adecuación a las necesidades físicas y socioculturales de la zona y, prioritariamente, la consecución de un muy bajo coste da ejecución de las mismas. Cuando se habla a continuación de «viviendas de muy bajo coste» se debe entender que nos referimos a las que cumplen básicamente las dos condiciones limitativas aceptadas por las Naciones Unidas (UNCHSHABITAT: a Superficie construida comprendida entre 30 y 50 m2. b Coste de construcción inferior a los 100 $ USA (1982 por metro cuadrado construido. (Para nuestras condiciones, fijaríamos un coste aproximado de 10.000 pts/m2.

El aborto en México: el debate en la Suprema Corte sobre la normativa del Distrito Federal

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Francisca Pou Jiménez

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo da cuenta de la discusión desarrollada el pasado año en la Suprema Corte mexicana a raíz de la impugnación de la ley del Distrito Federal que legalizó la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo durante el primer trimestre. Para favorecer la comprensión de la sentencia y contextualizar la litis, el artículo describe los principales rasgos de la regulación del aborto en la Federación mexicana, así como una primera resolución de la Corte sobre el tema del año 2002. A continuación describe las impugnaciones que derivaron en la sentencia del 2008 y expone los argumentos que apoyan la declaración de validez de las normas impugnadas. El artículo destaca, finalmente, algunos rasgos notorios del tipo de estrategia argumentativa adoptada por la Corte, como la ambigüedad del análisis sobre el estatuto constitucional del concebido, la escasez de pronunciamientos en materia de derechos y la opción por construir el razonamiento que justifica la constitucionalidad de la ley apelando fundamentalmente al margen de maniobra que la Constitución mexicana otorga al legislador para penalizar o despenalizar conductas.

DESARROLLO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE FOTOCONTROL TEMPORIZADO CON TECNOLOGÍA DE BAJO CONSUMO

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Fredy Hernán Martínez Sarmiento

2013-09-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo e implementación de un fotocontrol con tecnología de bajo consumo desarrollado con un microcontrolador, el cual controla variables de tensión, luminosidad  y sincronización con la red, por medio de  una salida con modo PWM producir una salida de Vdc en el relé. El microcontrolador realiza un  muestreo análogo de voltaje sobre la onda sinusoidal y se hace un filtro de promedio móvil para eliminar ruido de la onda.La temporización se realiza cuando el contacto del relé está cerrado y el tiempo a temporizar es programado por el usuario el cual lo requiera, el fotocontrol presenta un modo de ultra bajo consumo en el microcontrolador con un supercap.

Efeitos de diferentes níveis das vitaminas tiamina, riboflavina e piridoxina sobre o desempenho de frangos de corte

OpenAIRE

Souza,Ana Lúcia Pozzobon de; Toledo,Geni Salete Pinto de; Costa,Paulo Tabajara Chaves; Alencastro,Ubiratan Gross

1996-01-01

O experimento foi conduzido para analisar os efeitos de níveis altos e baixos das vitaminas tiamina (B1), riboflavina (B2) e piridoxina (B6) sobre o desempenho de frangos de corte. Um total de 576 pintos de corte de um dia, foram distribuídos em desenho experimental trifatorial (2³), inteiramente casualizado onde dois níveis (alto e baixo) de cada vitamina foram testados: vitamina B1 (A=3 mg/kg; B=2 mg/kg), vitamina B2 (A=6 mg/kg; B=4 mg/kg) e vitamina B6 (A=4,5 mg/kg; B=3 mg/kg). Deste modo,...

Factores de riesgo que influyeron en el bajo peso al nacer en el policlínico "Aleida Fernández" Risk factors influencing low birth weight at "Aleida Fernandez" clinic

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Eida Rosa Mariño Membribes

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Introducción: el nacimiento de un niño bajo peso ha constituido una incógnita para los profesionales de la salud en todos los tiempos. Objetivo: determinar los factores de riesgo que influyeron en el bajo peso al nacer, en el policlínico "Aleida Fernández"en los años 2007-2009. Métodos: se realizó un estudio retrospectivo descriptivo de corte transversal en los años 2007-2009. El universo lo constituyeron las 31 embarazadas cuyos bebés presentaron pesos por debajo de 2 500 g, y la muestra quedó formada por las 22 que recibieron atención prenatal en nuestra área de salud. Se utilizó porcentaje, media y desviación estándar como estadística descriptiva. Resultados: de los recién nacidos, 16 (72,7 % presentaron retardo del crecimiento intrauterino y 10 (45,4 % fueron pretérminos. El 100 % de las estudiadas, presentó sepsis vaginal y 18 (81,8 %, anemia. Conclusiones: el bajo peso al nacer continúa siendo un problema de salud y durante el embarazo existen numerosos factores de riesgos favorecedores y/o causales de este, tales como: el antecedente de abortos provocados y la nuliparidad, la desnutrición materna con insuficiente ganancia ponderal, la presencia de anemia y la sepsis vaginal. El trabajo continuo y sistemático, consciente y orientado hacia la población de mayor riesgo, constituye un elemento crucial, para la reducción de este evento negativo.Introduction: the birth of an underweight child has been a mystery to health professionals at all times. Objective: to determine risk factors influencing low birth weight, at "Aleida Fernández" clinic from 2007 to 2009. Methods: a retrospective cross sectional study was carried out from 2007 to 2009. The universe was 31 pregnant women whose babies had weights below 2 500 g, and the sample 22 pregnant women, who received prenatal care in our health area. We used percentage, mean and standard deviation as descriptive statistics. Results: 16 (72.7 % out of the newborns had

Educational Facility Evaluations of Primary Schools in Rural Honduras: Departments of Cortes and Meambar.

Science.gov (United States)

Council of Educational Facility Planners, International, Scottsdale, AZ.

A team of 11 educational facility planners and architects from the United States and Canada conducted a facility evaluation of schools in the rural areas of Meambar and Cortes, Honduras. Team members were all part of the Council of Educational Facility Planners, International and traveled to Honduras under the auspices of a Christian mission…

Nigella sativa EXTRACT IMPROVES SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE EPITHELIAL THICKNESS IN LEAD ACETATE-EXPOSED BALB/C MICE

OpenAIRE

Diana, Alis Nur; I’tishom, Reny; Sudjarwo, Sri Agus

2017-01-01

Lead that enters the body may lead to increased production of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) that may affect reproductive system. Black cumin (Nigella sativa) extract contains high antioxidant, tymoquinone, that may be used to suppress oxidative stress induced by lead in animal experiments. This study aimed to prove that black cumin (Nigella sativa) extract improves the thickness of seminiferous tubular epithelium in Balb/c mice exposed to lead (Pb) acetate. This study used post-test only cont...

Rendimento de carcaça de peixe matrinxã (Brycon cephalus nos diferentes cortes de cabeça Carcass yielding of Brycon cephalus in different head cuts

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Juliana Sampaio Guedes Gomiero

2003-02-01

Full Text Available Com este experimento objetivou-se avaliar o rendimento de carcaça de matrinxã (Brycon cephalus nos diferentes cortes de cabeça, sendo o mesmo conduzido na Estação de Piscicultura da Universidade Federal de Lavras, no mês de maio de 2001. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado com 2 tratamentos (corte reto da cabeça e corte oblíquo da cabeça e 20 repetições. Os peixes foram retirados dos tanques com peso médio de 840 gramas e abatidos por choque térmico em água com gelo. Foram analisados o rendimento de filé, rendimento de tronco limpo e a relação entre o comprimento do filé e o comprimento padrão. Concluiu-se que o corte oblíquo da cabeça proporcionou melhores rendimentos de tronco limpo (65,67% em relação ao corte reto da cabeça (61,28%. Quanto à relação comprimento do filé e comprimento padrão, o corte oblíquo da cabeça também mostrou resultados superiores quando comparado ao corte reto da cabeçaThe objective of this study was to determine the carcass yielding of Brycon cephalus in different cuts of its head. The experiment was conducted in the Fish Farmer at the Federal University of Lavras, in may 2001. The experiment was in a randomized design with two treatments (head rightly cut and head obliquely cut and twenty replications. The fish were removed from the tank with an average weigh of 840 g and were killed by temperature shock with water and ice. It was concluded that the head obliquely cut rendered the best barrel clean yielding (66% compared to the head rightly cut (61%. In the same way, the ratio fillet/standard length also showed better results for the oblique cut compared to the right cut

Toxicity Effect of Cr Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Lactuca Sativa

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Wan Zheng; Ma, Wan Min; Du, Ying Ying; Dan, Qiong Peng; Yin, Bing; Dai, Shan Shan; Hao, Xiang

2018-03-01

The impact of Cr6+ on the growth of lactuca sativa in Greenhouse Cucumber was investigated. The seeds of lacuna sativa Italian bolting resistance lettuce were treated by different Cr6+ concentration to study the effects on its seed germination and seedling growth. The results showed that the seed germination rate, vigor index of seedlings decreased with increment of Cr6+ concentration to varying degrees, and vigor germination, vigor index, raw weight, root length significantly lower. The absorption of lettuce seedlings on different nutrient elements is impacted by the concentration of Cr6+.

Wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)-induced photosensitization in goats and horses

Science.gov (United States)

Wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa is a European biennial weed that was inadvertently introduced and has subsequently spread through many parts of North America. Though it is generally considered a nuisance as it displaces beneficial forages. It has also been sporadically associated with photosensitiza...

The effects of Nigella sativa powder (black seed) and Echinacea ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ajl yemi

2011-12-19

Dec 19, 2011 ... was supplemented with EP at the rate of 0.25 ml/kg body weight (BW). Body ..... values in laying hen with references to fertility in cockerels. Proc of 7th ... under high temperature conditions 2- black cumin (Nigella Sativa) or.

A segment of rbcL gene as a potential tool for forensic discrimination of Cannabis sativa seized at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Mello, I C T; Ribeiro, A S D; Dias, V H G; Silva, R; Sabino, B D; Garrido, R G; Seldin, L; de Moura Neto, Rodrigo Soares

2016-03-01

Cannabis sativa, known by the common name marijuana, is the psychoactive drug most widely distributed in the world. Identification of Cannabis cultivars may be useful for association to illegal crops, which may reveal trafficking routes and related criminal groups. This study provides evidence for the performance of a segment of the rbcL gene, through genetic signature, as a tool for identification for C. sativa samples apprehended by the Rio de Janeiro Police, Brazil. The PCR amplified and further sequenced the fragment of approximately 561 bp of 24 samples of C. sativa rbcL gene and showed the same nucleotide sequences, suggesting a possible genetic similarity or identical varieties. Comparing with other Cannabaceae family sequences, we have found 99% of similarity between the Rio de Janeiro sequence and three other C. sativa rbcL genes. These findings suggest that the fragment utilized at this study is efficient in identifying C. sativa samples, therefore, useful in genetic discrimination of samples seized in forensic cases.

Estudo comparativo da leishmaniose tegumentar americana em crianças e adolescentes procedentes das áreas endêmicas de Buriticupu (Maranhão e Corte de Pedra (Bahia, Brasil

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Costa Jackson M.L.

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Analisou-se o comportamento da LTA em crianças e adolescentes na faixa etária de 0-15 anos, provenientes das áreas endêmicas de Buriticupu (MA e Corte de Pedra (BA. Nestas regiões, foram cadastrados 214 pacientes no periodo de 1982 a 1993, sendo 78 (36,4% oriundos de Corte de Pedra e 136 (63,6% de Buriticupu. Em Corte de Pedra a faixa etária predominante foi de 0-5 anos com 29 (37,2% casos. Destes, 62% pertenciam ao sexo masculino. Na região de Buriticupu, 88 (64,7% casos ocorreram na faixa etária de 11-15 anos, sendo 73,8% do sexo masculino. Nas regiões estudadas, houve predomínio da cor parda com 65,4% em Corte de Pedra, e 75% em Buriticupu. Vinte e seis (33,3% crianças provenientes de Corte de Pedra eram lavradores, sendo o sexo masculino maioria (57,7%, existindo diferença estatística significante (c2 = 11,21 p = 0,05. Vinte e um (80,8% casos da ocupação lavrador pertenciam a faixa etária de 11-15 anos. Em Buriticupu 37,5% das crianças eram estudantes, destes 30,2% foram lavradores, todos do sexo masculino (c2 = 32,3 p = 0,05. A maioria dos lavradores, 39 (44,3% casos eram da faixa etária de 11-15 anos. Tanto em Buriticupu como Corte de Pedra houve predomínio da lesão única, 57,7% e 53,7% dos casos, respectivamente. A duração das lesões destacou-se no período de 1 a 3 meses, com 54 (69,2% casos em Corte de Pedra e 83 (61% em Buriticupu (c2 = 11,82 p = 0,05. Quanto a localização das lesões, observou-se que nas duas regiões estudadas os MMII foram predominantes com 58,9% em Corte de Pedra e 77,2% em Buriticupu (c2 = 27,9 p = 0,05, havendo maior ocorrência de lesão ulcerada nas duas regiões. IDRM foi positiva em 61 (78,2% crianças provenientes de Corte de Pedra, não havendo diferença estatística significativa entre as faixas etárias e a positividade do teste (c2 = 0,0669 p = 0,05.

New developments in fiber hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) breeding

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Salentijn, E.M.J.; Zhang, Qingying; Amaducci, Stefano; Yang, Ming; Trindade, L.M.

2015-01-01

Fiber hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a sustainable and high yielding industrial crop that can help to meet the high global demand for fibers. Hemp can be grown for fiber, seeds, and/or for dual purpose in a wide range of geographic zones and climates. Currently the main hemp producing regions in

Molecular and genetic characterization of OSH6 ( Oryza sativa ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Genetic studies of dissociation (Ds) insertion mutant rice plants indicated that ectopic expression of truncated OSH6 (Oryza sativa Homeobox 6) mRNA may be responsible for the mutant phenotype of knotted leaf formation at the peduncle. Additionally, ectopic expression of truncated OSH6 mRNA in the OSH6-Ds mutant ...

Growth responses of NaCl stressed rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

GREGORY

2010-09-27

Sep 27, 2010 ... 3Department of Statistics, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan. 4Mityari Sugar Mills ... Key words: Oryza sativa L., seedling biomass, epidermal cells, proline content. ... Attempts to reduce the soil salinity, using mechanical.

Effects of X-ray irradiation to genetic transformation of Eruca sativa Mill mediated by agrobacterium rhizogenes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu Zhenhua; Zhang Hong; Liu Bin; Li Ning; Niu Bingtao; Wang Genxuan; Li Sha; Sun Peng

2008-01-01

To investigate the effects of X-ray irradiation to the hairy root induction of Eruca sativa Mill, and to provide basic experimental data for concerted reaction of irradiation to the Genetic transformation technology. The aseptic cotyledons of Eruca sativa Mill were jointly treated with the X-ray at dose of 5, 10, 15, 20 Gy respectively and the different infected time, then the influence of explant age, pre-culturing time, dose of X-ray and infected time were studied. Furthermore, the hairy roots were testified in molecular level by the polymerase chain reaction(PCR). The irradiation of X-ray at dose of 15 Gy can improve the frequency of Eruca sativa Mill hairy root induction in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the transformation frequency in pre-infection plus irradiation group is higher than that in pre-irradiation plus infection group at the same irradiation dose. In addition, the PCR analysis also demonstrated that rolB gene of T-DNA from Ri plasmid had been integrated into the genome of the transformed roots. The irradiation of X-ray has some positive effects on the hairy root induction of Eruca sativa Mill, and the optimal revulsive dose is 15 Gy ora little bit more. (authors)

Tipagem molecular e resistência aos antimicrobianos em isolados de Escherichia coli de frangos de corte e de tratadores na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba, Paraná

OpenAIRE

Korb, Arnildo; Nazareno, Eleusis R. de; Costa, Libera D.; Nogueira, Keite da Silva; Dalsenter, Paulo R.; Tuon, Felipe F.B.; Pomba, Maria C.

2015-01-01

Este estudo verificou o perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos entre isolados de Escherichia coli de frangos de corte de criação intensiva e de subsistência e dos respectivos tratadores e a similaridade genotípica entre isolados de E.coli de frangos de corte de criação intensiva e isolados de E. coli de tratadores de frangos de criação intensiva pela técnica de Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado (PFGE). 60 amostras de fezes de frangos de criação intensiva, 60 de frangos de corte de criaç...

Effect of Ruta graveolens and Cannabis sativa alcoholic extract on spermatogenesis in the adult wistar male rats

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M R Sailani

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of alcohol extracts of Ruta graveolens and Cannabis sativa that were used traditionally in medieval Persian medicine as male contraceptive drugs, on spermatogenesis in the adult male rats. Materials and Methods: Ethanol extracts of these plants were obtained by the maceration method. The male rats were injected intraperitionaly with C. sativa and R. graveolens 5% ethanol extracts at dose of 20 mg/day for 20 consecutive days, respectively. Twenty-four hours after the last treatment, testicular function was assessed by epididymal sperm count. Result: The statistical results showed that the ethanol extracts of these plants reduced the number of sperms significantly ( P =0.00 in the treatment groups in comparison to the control group. The results also showed that the group, treated by extract of R. graveolens reduced spermatogenesis more than the group treated by extracts of C. sativa . Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the spermatogenesis reducing properties of the ethanol extracts of R. graveolens and C. sativa in the adult male wistar rats but more studies are necessary to reveal the mechanism of action that is involved in spermatogenesis.

Alfonso López Pumarejo y la última Corte Suprema de Justicia de la hegemonía conservadora, 1934-1935

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Mario Alberto Cajas Sarria

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza las relaciones entre el Ejecutivo y la Corte Suprema de Justicia de Colombia durante el primer año de gobierno del presidente liberal Alfonso López Pumarejo, entre 1934 y 1935, cuando este lidió con un tribunal integrado por una mayoría de magistrados pertenecientes al Partido Conservador, que era percibido como el último bastión de la hegemonía conservadora. Este trabajo pone en evidencia el comportamiento estratégico de una Corte Suprema dominada por magistrados de origen conservador, que parecía intentar una relación institucional de colaboración con el nuevo gobierno hacia el año 1934. Reconstruye el juicio de constitucionalidad a la reforma tributaria impuesta por decreto de estado de sitio del Ejecutivo liberal que la Corte declaró inexequible en 1935, cuya decisión generó que la corporación fuera percibida como un órgano que actuaba movido por intereses partidistas. Por último, ofrece un análisis en conjunto sobre el rol político del tribunal en esta coyuntura del régimen político colombiano. Este análisis busca contribuir a una mejor comprensión del control constitucional colombiano y del rol que jugó la Corte Suprema de Justicia como juez constitucional –y por tanto, actor del régimen político–, en una perspectiva histórica, en este caso en el contexto de la transición de la hegemonía conservadora a la Segunda República Liberal que se consolidó con el gobierno de la Revolución en Marcha.

Effects of Lactuca sativa extract on exploratory behavior pattern, locomotor activity and anxiety in mice

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S.N. Harsha

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Objective: To evaluate antianxiety property of Lactuca sativa, an important and commonly used leafy vegetable known for its medicinal properties belongs to Asteraceae family. Methods: Elevated plus maze (EPM, open field test (OFT, rat exposure test, hyponeophagia and marble burying test were performed in mice models to assess the exploratory behaviour and to assess anxiolytic property of hydro-alcohol extract of Lactuca sativa. Diazepam (1 mg/kg body wt. served as the standard anxiolytic agent for all the tests. The dried extract of the plant leaf in doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight was administered orally to mice for duration of 15 or 30 days and evaluated exploratory behaviour, locomotor and anxiolytic activities. Results: Time spent and number of entries into the open arm was measured in EPM followed by total locomotor activity in OFT and latency to enter the food zone in hyponeophagia. Conclusions: The study suggested that hydro-alcohol extract of Lactuca sativa leaves possess potent anxiolytic property.

Protein estimation and palynlogical studies of cannabis sativa l. pollen in relation to respiratory allergies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shinwari, Z.K.; Tanvir, M.; Yusuf, O.

2015-01-01

Airborne pollen allergies and asthma are on a rise in the metropolitan city of Islamabad. Knowledge of allergenic pollen is limited in the area. Cannabis sativa L. or commonly known as Hemp is widely spread weed in the city. Morphological studies performed via light microscopy and SEM have shown that the pollen of Cannabis sativa are 21 micro m long having triporate aperture, spheroidal in shape and scaberate exine. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of pollen proteins has also be done in to recognize allergenic protein bands. Bradford's analysis for proteins quantification has shown that the hemp pollen has 30.69 mg/g protein in fresh weight of pollen. While SDS-PAGE analysis showed 11 bands of various protein size ranging from 17kDa to 150kDa. The research findings indicate that Cannabis sativa, could be a potent allergenic pollen-producing weed that might cause serious health problems in the population of Islamabad. (author)

Desempenho de vacas de corte Purunã submetidas a diferentes manejos de amamentação

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Ivan César Furmann Moura

2014-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho ponderal e reprodutivo de vacas de corte submetidas a diferentes manejos de amamentação. Durante a estação de monta, de 85 dias, foram avaliadas 161 vacas de corte da raça Purunã, de acordo com os seguintes manejos de amamentação: desmame precoce, vacas separadas dos seus bezerros aos 75 dias pós-parto; amamentação controlada, vacas separadas de seus bezerros aos 75 dias de idade, mas colocadas para amamentar uma vez ao dia durante a estação de monta; e desmame convencional, vacas mantidas com seus bezerros ao pé até o final da estação de monta, aos 160 dias de idade dos bezerros, em média. As taxas de prenhez não foram significativamente afetadas pelos manejos de amamentação, tendo sido de 97% no desmame precoce, de 96% na amamentação controlada e de 90% no desmame convencional. No entanto, o desmame precoce resultou em menor eficiência reprodutiva (28,26 kg, quando comparado à amamentação controlada (35,09 kg e ao desmame convencional (35,34 kg. Vacas de corte mantidas em boas condições corporais ao parto e ao início da estação de monta apresentam alta taxa de fertilidade, independentemente do manejo de amamentação dos bezerros.

Análisis económico del activismo judicial: el caso de la Corte Constitucional colombiana

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Jairo Andrés Castaño Peña

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este escrito presenta una aproximación al fenómeno del activismo judicial desde la perspectiva del Análisis Económico del Derecho (AED. Como cometido, pretende mostrar que existen una serie de incentivos y de circunstancias que hacen que las decisiones de la Corte Constitucional colombiana se puedan calificar como activistas. Para tal fin, en primer lugar, se establecen unos derroteros básicos para la comprensión de la actividad judicial, específicamente de las funciones de control de constitucionalidad y de revisión de acción de tutela de la Corte Constitucional de Colombia; en segundo lugar, se realiza un acercamiento al concepto de activismo judicial, para, a continuación, presentar la formulación de políticas públicas y la creación de leyes como productos dentro de un modelo de mercado, esto con el fin de explicar y mostrar, desde el Análisis Económico del Derecho, las razones que explican la existencia del fenómeno del activismo judicial en el caso colombiano. En último lugar, se presentan dos casos de activismo judicial por parte de la Corte Constitucional colombiana: en primer término, el caso de la protección del derecho a la vivienda digna, o caso del UPAC, y en segundo término, el caso de la protección de los derechos de los recicladores de oficio; casos, uno y otro, donde se puede ver que existen incentivos que provocan decisiones activistas.

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Feeney, Mistianne; Punja, Zamir K

2015-01-01

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) suspension culture cells were transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA101 carrying the binary plasmid pNOV3635. The plasmid contains a phosphomannose isomerase (PMI) selectable marker gene. Cells transformed with PMI are capable of metabolizing the selective agent mannose, whereas cells not expressing the gene are incapable of using the carbon source and will stop growing. Callus masses proliferating on selection medium were screened for PMI expression using a chlorophenol red assay. Genomic DNA was extracted from putatively transformed callus lines, and the presence of the PMI gene was confirmed using PCR and Southern hybridization. Using this method, an average transformation frequency of 31.23% ± 0.14 was obtained for all transformation experiments, with a range of 15.1-55.3%.

Luther in the «Cortes de la Muerte»: Representing Heresy in the Spanish Theatre of the Sixteenth Century

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Jimena Gamba Corradine

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Taking into account the presence of Luther and Lutherans in the Cortes de la Muerte, the Farsa militar by Diego Sánchez de Badajoz and some plays from the Códice de autos viejos, we analize the figure of the heresiarch and the heretic in the Spanish theatre of the mid-sixteenth century. This issue brings us to the question of the origin of the sacramental drama as an antiprotestant reaction. In the second half of this article we present a hypothesis about the extend of participation in the Cortes of the two writers  (Miguel de Carvajal and Hurtado de Toledo, based on the different spiritual traditions found in the text.

Desafío con wssv bajo fluctuaciones de temperatura

OpenAIRE

Sonnenholzner, Stanislaus

2002-01-01

Desafío con WSSV bajo fluctuaciones de temperatura En trabajos anteriores sobre el efecto de la temperatura del agua sobre la supervivencia del camarón infectado con el virus de la Mancha Blanca, se demostró que una temperatura constante de 33ºC por 8 días genera una respuesta inmune en el camarón correlacionada a una supervivencia superior al 90%, lo cual se tradujo posteriormente en una propuesta práctica de cultivo de camarón en estanques con invernaderos, actualmente en evaluación e...

Los 40 años de la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos a la luz de cierta jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana

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Cecilia Medina Quiroga

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo analiza uno de los desarrollos más significativos de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana desde la entrada en vigencia de la Convención: su tratamiento de casos individuales insertos en un contexto de violaciones masivas y sistemáticas producidas por la represión estatal a causa de razones políticas. Particularmente, la autora reflexiona sobre la trascendencia de la labor de la Corte en la interpretación del contenido y alcance de la obligación de garantizar los derechos consagrados en la Convención, el acceso a la justicia para los familiares de las víctimas y la determinación de la condición de víctimas ante la Corte.

Mucho ruido y pocos… DESC. Análisis del caso Gonzales Lluy y Otros contra Ecuador de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos

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Liliana Ronconi

2016-08-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este trabajo es reconstruir la línea argumentativa utilizada por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en la resolución del caso Gonzales Lluy y otros versus Ecuador, de 1 de septiembre de 2015, conforme la tesis de que la Corte IDH aplica el argumento de igualdad en la versión del examen de proporcionalidad estricto como eje central de su argumentación, dejando de lado un posible argumento basado en el “principio de no regresividad”. Sostengo que la decisión de la Corte IDH se asienta, fundamentalmente, en el trato discriminatorio que sufrió la demandante y su familia al poner en riesgo su vida y su integridad física y su derecho a la educación. Sin embargo, para muchos de los que trabajamos en DESC, el fallo es insuficiente, pues la Corte elude la aplicación del artículo 26 de la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos (principio de progresividad y no regresividad. La aplicación y el desarrollo de los estándares contenidos en el artículo 26 de la CADH resultan de gran utilidad práctica para los diferentes Estados de la región, generando pautas interpretativas para la exigibilidad de los DESC y otorgando herramientas concretas para evaluar su incumplimiento.

Nutraceutical potential of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seeds and sprouts.

Science.gov (United States)

Frassinetti, Stefania; Moccia, Eleonora; Caltavuturo, Leonardo; Gabriele, Morena; Longo, Vincenzo; Bellani, Lorenza; Giorgi, Gianluca; Giorgetti, Lucia

2018-10-01

In this study the antioxidant effect of Cannabis sativa L. seeds and sprouts (3 and 5 days of germination) was evaluated. Total polyphenols, flavonoids and flavonols content, when expressed on dry weight basis, were highest in sprouts; ORAC and DPPH (in vitro assays), CAA-RBC (cellular antioxidant activity in red blood cells) and hemolysis test (ex vivo assays) evidenced a good antioxidant activity higher in sprouts than in seeds. Untargeted analysis by high resolution mass spectrometry in negative ion mode allowed the identification of main polyphenols (caffeoyltyramine, cannabisin A, B, C) in seeds and of ω-6 (linoleic acid) in sprouts. Antimutagenic effect of seeds and sprouts extracts evidenced a significant decrease of mutagenesis induced by hydrogen peroxide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae D7 strain. In conclusion our results show that C. sativa seeds and sprouts exert beneficial effects on yeast and human cells and should be further investigated as a potential functional food. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Condiciones de trabajo materno y bajo peso al nacer en la Ciudad de México

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PRUDENCIA CERÓN-MIRELES

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Estudiar la asociación entre condiciones de trabajo materno y bajo peso al nacer en la Ciudad de México. Material y métodos. Se encuestaron 2 623 trabajadoras que atendieron sus partos en tres grandes hospitales de la Ciudad de México en 1992. Se obtuvo información sobre los principales factores biológicos y sociales que se asocian al bajo peso al nacer; asimismo, se determinó el estrés ocupacional utilizando el instrumento desarrollado por Karasek. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística para evaluar la relación de las condiciones de trabajo con el bajo peso al nacer, controlando por variables confusoras. Resultados. El bajo peso al nacer fue más alto en trabajadoras con jornadas mayores a 50 horas semanales (RM= 1.6; IC= 1.17, 2.28 y con conflictos laborales (RM= 1.5; IC= 1.0, 2.25. La falta de apoyo social tangible fue identificado como un factor de riesgo de bajo peso al nacer (RM= 1.7; IC= 1.20, 2.33. Las medidas preventivas laborales como el cambio de tareas, disminución de la jornada y las salidas por enfermedad no mostraron un efecto benéfico en el peso al nacer, a excepción de la licencia de maternidad; las madres que no la tuvieron mostraron una probabilidad 2.2 veces mayor para bajo peso al nacer (IC= 1.66, 2.93. Conclusiones. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de identificar los factores de riesgo ocupacional en el embarazo..Objective. To study the association between maternal working conditions and low birth-weight in Mexico City. Material and methods. Interviews of 2 623 workers who gave birth in Mexico City hospitals during 1992 were analyzed. Information on the main biologic and social factors associated to low birth-weight was registered. Occupational stress was determined with the instrument designed by Karasek. Logistic regression models to evaluate the relationship between working conditions and low birth-weight were used, controlling by confounding variables. Results. Low birth-weight was

Nigella sativa (black seed) extract improves spatial learning abilityin ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This study was carried out to assess the memory enhancing effect of Nigella sativa Extract on mice using Morris Water Maze. The study was conducted on 30 Albino mice of both sexes randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 animals each. Group 1 served as control and was treated with oral distilled water, Groups 2, 3 and 4 ...

Phytotoxicity of three plant-based biodiesels, unmodified castor oil, and Diesel fuel to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), radish (Raphanus sativus), and wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum).

Science.gov (United States)

Bamgbose, Ifeoluwa; Anderson, Todd A

2015-12-01

The wide use of plant-based oils and their derivatives, in particular biodiesel, have increased extensively over the past decade to help alleviate demand for petroleum products and improve the greenhouse gas emissions profile of the transportation sector. Biodiesel is regarded as a clean burning alternative fuel produced from livestock feeds and various vegetable oils. Although in theory these animal and/or plant derived fuels should have less environmental impact in soil based on their simplified composition relative to Diesel, they pose an environmental risk like Diesel at high concentrations when disposed. The aim of the present study was to ascertain the phytotoxicity of three different plant-derived biodiesels relative to conventional Diesel. For phytotoxicological analysis, we used seeds of four crop plants, Medicago sativa, Lactuca sativa, Raphanus sativus, and Triticum aestivum to analyze the germination of seeds in contaminated soil samples. The toxicological experiment was conducted with two different soil textures: sandy loam soil and silt loam soil. The studied plant-based biodiesels were safflower methyl-ester, castor methyl ester, and castor ethyl-ester. Biodiesel toxicity was more evident at high concentrations, affecting the germination and survival of small-seeded plants to a greater extent. Tolerance of plants to the biodiesels varied between plant species and soil textures. With the exception of R. sativus, all plant species were affected and exhibited some sensitivity to the fuels, such as delayed seedling emergence and slow germination (average=10 days) at high soil concentrations (0.85% for Diesel and 1.76% for the biodiesels). Tolerance of plants to soil contamination had a species-specific nature, and on average, decreased in the following order: Raphanus sativus (0-20%)>Triticum aestivum (10-40%) ≥ Medicago sativa> Lactuca sativa (80-100%). Thus, we conclude that there is some phytotoxicity associated with plant-based biodiesels. Further

Potentials of enhancing the physicochemical and functional characteristics of Nigella sativa oil by using the screw pressing technique for extraction; Mejoras potenciales de las características físico-químicas y funcionales del aceite de Nigella sativa mediante extracción con prensa de tornillo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hamed, S.F.; Shaaban, H.A.; Ramadan, A.A.; Edris, A.E.

2017-07-01

In the current investigation the crude oil of Nigella sativa was extracted from seeds using hydraulic and screw pressing techniques. Different parameters were evaluated in order to find out the appropriate technique to enhance the physicochemical and functional-related characteristics of the extracted crude oil. Results showed that the acid and peroxide values were significantly lower in the screw pressed oil (SPO) than in the hydraulic pressed oil (HPO). The total phenolic content of the SPO was significantly higher than that of HPO. Evaluation of the oxidative stability using the Rancimat test showed that SPO recorded a much higher oxidative stability index (40.07 h) than HPO (0.51 h). The yield of the volatile oil fraction and its contents of thymoquinone isolated from the SPO were higher than that from the HPO. Biological evaluation revealed that the SPO had significantly higher antimicrobial activity than HPO against Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus at 40 μL/well. [Spanish] En la presente investigación se extrajo el aceite crudo de Nigella sativa de las semillas utilizando técnicas hidráulicas y de prensado de tornillo. Se evaluaron diferentes parámetros para conocer la técnica apropiada que potencie las características fisicoquímicas y funcionales del aceite extraído. Los resultados mostraron que los valores de ácido y peróxido fueron significativamente más bajos en el aceite de presión con tornillo (SPO) que en el aceite prensado hidráulico (HPO). El contenido fenólico total del SPO fue significativamente mayor que el de HPO. La evaluación de la estabilidad oxidativa mediante Rancimat demostró que el aceite SPO tiene un índice de estabilidad oxidativa mucho más alto (40,07 h) que el HPO (0,51 h). El rendimiento de la fracción volátil y su contenido de timoquinona aislada del aceite SPO fueron superiores a los del HPO. La evaluación biológica reveló que el aceite SPO tenía una actividad antimicrobiana

Phosphomannose isomerase gene for selection in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) transformation

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Bříza, Jindřich; Růžičková, N.; Niedermeierová, Hana; Dusbábková, Jana; Vlasák, Josef

2010-01-01

Roč. 57, č. 1 (2010), s. 63-68 ISSN 0001-527X Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50510513 Keywords : pmi * npt II * Lactuca sativa Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology Impact factor: 1.234, year: 2010

Influence of Salicylic Acid on the Growth of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

PROF HORSFALL

2018-04-10

Apr 10, 2018 ... Keywords: Water stress, Salicylic acid, Growth, Lactuca sativa. Water stress in plant is an ... processes in plant adaptation to drought stress as it synthesis and ... manure was added to the soil in the preparation for planting.

Beneficial therapeutic effects of Nigella sativa and/or Zingiber officinale in HCV patients in Egypt

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Abdel-Moneim, Adel; Morsy, Basant M.; Mahmoud, Ayman M.; Abo-Seif, Mohamed A.; Zanaty, Mohamed I.

2013-01-01

Hepatitis C is a major global health burden and Egypt has the highest prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. The current study was designed to evaluate the beneficial therapeutic effects of ethanolic extracts of Nigella sativa, Zingiber officinale and their mixture in Egyptian HCV patients. Sixty volunteer patients with proven HCV and fifteen age matched healthy subjects were included in this study. Exclusion criteria included patients on interferon alpha (IFN-α) therapy, infection with hepatitis B virus, drug-induced liver diseases, advanced cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or other malignancies, blood picture abnormalities and major severe illness. Liver function enzymes, albumin, total bilirubin, prothrombin time and concentration, international normalized ratio, alpha fetoprotein and viral load were all assessed at baseline and at the end of the study. Ethanolic extracts of Nigella sativa and Zingiber officinale were prepared and formulated into gelatinous capsules, each containing 500 mg of Nigella sativa and/or Zingiber officinale. Clinical response and incidence of adverse drug reactions were assessed initially, periodically, and at the end of the study. Both extracts as well as their mixture significantly ameliorated the altered viral load, alpha fetoprotein, liver function parameters; with more potent effect for the combined therapy. In conclusion, administration of Nigella sativa and/or Zingiber officinale ethanolic extracts to HCV patients exhibited potential therapeutic benefits via decreasing viral load and alleviating the altered liver function, with more potent effect offered by the mixture. PMID:27298610

Beneficial therapeutic effects of Nigella sativa and/or Zingiber officinale in HCV patients in Egypt.

Science.gov (United States)

Abdel-Moneim, Adel; Morsy, Basant M; Mahmoud, Ayman M; Abo-Seif, Mohamed A; Zanaty, Mohamed I

2013-01-01

Hepatitis C is a major global health burden and Egypt has the highest prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. The current study was designed to evaluate the beneficial therapeutic effects of ethanolic extracts of Nigella sativa, Zingiber officinale and their mixture in Egyptian HCV patients. Sixty volunteer patients with proven HCV and fifteen age matched healthy subjects were included in this study. Exclusion criteria included patients on interferon alpha (IFN-α) therapy, infection with hepatitis B virus, drug-induced liver diseases, advanced cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or other malignancies, blood picture abnormalities and major severe illness. Liver function enzymes, albumin, total bilirubin, prothrombin time and concentration, international normalized ratio, alpha fetoprotein and viral load were all assessed at baseline and at the end of the study. Ethanolic extracts of Nigella sativa and Zingiber officinale were prepared and formulated into gelatinous capsules, each containing 500 mg of Nigella sativa and/or Zingiber officinale. Clinical response and incidence of adverse drug reactions were assessed initially, periodically, and at the end of the study. Both extracts as well as their mixture significantly ameliorated the altered viral load, alpha fetoprotein, liver function parameters; with more potent effect for the combined therapy. In conclusion, administration of Nigella sativa and/or Zingiber officinale ethanolic extracts to HCV patients exhibited potential therapeutic benefits via decreasing viral load and alleviating the altered liver function, with more potent effect offered by the mixture.

An integrated interspecific AFLP map of lettuce (Lactuca) based on two L. Saligna x L. sativa F2-populations

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Jeuken, M.; Wijk, van R.; Peleman, J.; Lindhout, P.

2001-01-01

AFLP markers were obtained with 12 EcoRI/ MseI primer combinations on two independent F2 populations of Lactuca sativa 2 Lactuca saligna. The polymorphism rates of the AFLP products between the two different L. saligna lines was 39°between the two different L. sativa cultivars 13 nd between the L.

Validación del índice nutricional en preadolescentes mexicanos con el método de sensibilidad y especificidad

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Saucedo-Molina Teresita de Jesús

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Determinar la validez diagnóstica del índice nutricional (IN en una muestra de preadolescentes mexicanos. Material y métodos. Se trabajó con un grupo de 256 escolares de la Ciudad de México, de entre 10 y 12 años de edad, de ambos sexos. Se utilizó el método de sensibilidad y especificidad para establecer la validez diagnóstica del IN. Resultados. Los puntos de corte convencionales para el IN tienen buena sensibilidad y especificidad para el diagnóstico de bajo peso, normalidad y obesidad, no así para sobrepeso. Estos valores, así como los de la potencia de predicción, se optimizaron en todas las categorías cuando se utilizaron puntos de corte normalizados. Conclusiones. En el diagnóstico del estado de nutrición de los preadolescentes, los nuevos puntos de corte del IN resultan más confiables que los tradicionales.

Complete sequence of a cryptic virus from hemp (Cannabis sativa)

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Ziegler, A.; Matoušek, Jaroslav; Steger, G.; Schubert, J.

2012-01-01

Roč. 157, č. 2 (2012), s. 383-385 ISSN 0304-8608 R&D Projects: GA ČR GCP501/10/J018 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50510513 Keywords : Cannabis sativa * Partitivirus * cryptic virus Subject RIV: EE - Microbiology, Virology Impact factor: 2.030, year: 2012

A model for assessing Medicago Sativa L. hay quality | Scholtz ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

A study was conducted to identify chemical parameters and/or models for assessing. Medicago sativa L. (L) hay quality, using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) analysis and Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) milk prediction as a criterion of accuracy. Milk yield (MY) derived from the ...

Comparative analysis of the small RNA transcriptomes of Pinus contorta and Oryza sativa.

Science.gov (United States)

Morin, Ryan D; Aksay, Gozde; Dolgosheina, Elena; Ebhardt, H Alexander; Magrini, Vincent; Mardis, Elaine R; Sahinalp, S Cenk; Unrau, Peter J

2008-04-01

The diversity of microRNAs and small-interfering RNAs has been extensively explored within angiosperms by focusing on a few key organisms such as Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana. A deeper division of the plants is defined by the radiation of the angiosperms and gymnosperms, with the latter comprising the commercially important conifers. The conifers are expected to provide important information regarding the evolution of highly conserved small regulatory RNAs. Deep sequencing provides the means to characterize and quantitatively profile small RNAs in understudied organisms such as these. Pyrosequencing of small RNAs from O. sativa revealed, as expected, approximately 21- and approximately 24-nt RNAs. The former contained known microRNAs, and the latter largely comprised intergenic-derived sequences likely representing heterochromatin siRNAs. In contrast, sequences from Pinus contorta were dominated by 21-nt small RNAs. Using a novel sequence-based clustering algorithm, we identified sequences belonging to 18 highly conserved microRNA families in P. contorta as well as numerous clusters of conserved small RNAs of unknown function. Using multiple methods, including expressed sequence folding and machine learning algorithms, we found a further 53 candidate novel microRNA families, 51 appearing specific to the P. contorta library. In addition, alignment of small RNA sequences to the O. sativa genome revealed six perfectly conserved classes of small RNA that included chloroplast transcripts and specific types of genomic repeats. The conservation of microRNAs and other small RNAs between the conifers and the angiosperms indicates that important RNA silencing processes were highly developed in the earliest spermatophytes. Genomic mapping of all sequences to the O. sativa genome can be viewed at http://microrna.bcgsc.ca/cgi-bin/gbrowse/rice_build_3/.

Un fallido proyecto de solución de los problemas del reino : las Cortes de Valladolid de 1447

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Vicente Ángel Álvarez Palenzuela

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El análisis comparado de los acuerdos de Astudillo y el Cuaderno de las Cortes de Va lladolid de 1447 muestra la insalvable distancia entre los proyectos de los Grandes y las inquietudes de los procuradores. Es lo que impide adoptar las medidas que habrían resuelto los graves problemas que aquejan al Reino, certeramente diagnosticados por el estamento urbano y prolonga la guerra civil.The comparative analysis of the Astudillo agreements and the parliamentary records of the Va lladolid Cortes of 1447 reveals the unbridgeable distance between the projects of the Grandees and the concerns of the parliamentary officials. This divide was the main obstacle for the adoption of solutions to the serious problems afflicting the Kingdom, accurately diagnosed by the Third Estate, and which prolonged the civil war.

Growth responses of NaCl stressed rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

GREGORY

2010-09-27

Sep 27, 2010 ... Growth responses of NaCl stressed rice (Oryza sativa. L.) plants ... 2008), which is a real threat to human's food security. Existed situation may ..... content and composition of essential oil and minerals in black cumin. (Nigella ...

Assessment of the use and misuse of Cannabis sativa amongst some residents of Jos metropolis, Nigeria

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N S Jimam

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Cannabis can be used for its medicinal properties when used appropriately. However, the misuse of the product can cause some unwanted effects such as psychological dependence, and therefore addiction. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the extent of misuse of Cannabis sativa in Jos and environs. Materials and Methods: The use and misuse of C. sativa in Jos metropolis was studied using a structured self-administered questionnaire which was administered to 400 respondents in the metropolis. Result: The result showed that 59.9% of the participants were male while 40.1% were female with 88.2% of the population being youth between the ages of 20-35 years. The result also shows that at least 31.3% of the studied population had used C. sativa, for different reasons including among others: to boost confidence (11.4%, 5.1% take it to increase alertness, 5.1% take it to decrease fatigue, 0.3% take it to decrease stress, 5.4% take it to get high while 4% take it for other reasons. Conclusion: The result of the study showed an observed high incidence of C. sativa intake among the study population who were mostly youths for different purposes, including to: Boost confidence, feel high, increase alertness, and decrease fatigue. Similarly, a high percentage of the respondents said the drug is used for hair treatment.

Freqüência de enteroparasitas em amostras de alface (Lactuca sativa comercializadas em Lavras, Minas Gerais Frequency of intestinal parasites in samples of lettuce (Lactuca sativa commercialized in Lavras, Minas Gerais State

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Antônio Marcos Guimarães

2003-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma avaliação parasitológica em amostras de alface (Lactuca sativa comercializadas em Lavras, MG. As amostras de alfaces apresentaram baixos padrões higiênicos, indicados pela presença de formas parasitológicas de origem animal ou humana e alta concentração de coliformes fecais.The aim of this study was to evaluate the parasitological contamination in samples of lettuce (Lactuca sativa commercialized in Lavras city, Minas Gerais. The samples of lettuce showed low hygienic conditions, indicated by the presence of parasites of animal or human origin and high concentration of fecal coliforms.

Medicago sativa--Sinorhizobium meliloti Symbiosis Promotes the Bioaccumulation of Zinc in Nodulated Roots.

Science.gov (United States)

Zribi, Kais; Nouairi, Issam; Slama, Ines; Talbi-Zribi, Ons; Mhadhbi, Haythem

2015-01-01

In this study we investigated effects of Zn supply on germination, growth, inorganic solutes (Zn, Ca, Fe, and Mg) partitioning and nodulation of Medicago sativa This plant was cultivated with and without Zn (2 mM). Treatments were plants without (control) and with Zn tolerant strain (S532), Zn intolerant strain (S112) and 2 mM urea nitrogen fertilisation. Results showed that M. sativa germinates at rates of 50% at 2 mM Zn. For plants given nitrogen fertilisation, Zn increased plant biomass production. When grown with symbionts, Zn supply had no effect on nodulation. Moreover, plants with S112 showed a decrease of shoot and roots biomasses. However, in symbiosis with S532, an increase of roots biomass was observed. Plants in symbiosis with S. meliloti accumulated more Zn in their roots than nitrogen fertilised plants. Zn supply results in an increase of Ca concentration in roots of fertilised nitrogen plants. However, under Zn supply, Fe concentration decreased in roots and increased in nodules of plants with S112. Zn supply showed contrasting effects on Mg concentrations for plants with nitrogen fertilisation (increase) and plants with S112 (decrease). The capacity of M. sativa to accumulate Zn in their nodulated roots encouraged its use in phytostabilisation processes.

Plant Age Affects Wound-Induced Senescense in Lactuca Sativa L

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Witkowska, I.M.; Woltering, E.J.

2014-01-01

In the present study we investigated the performance of dark-stored wounded leaf discs and pieces (to some extent mimicking fresh-cut product) of Lactuca sativa L. in relation to the physiological maturity at harvest. We used two related genotypes, i.e. a green (cv. Troubadour) and a red butterhead

Sample preparation of Medicago sativa L. hay for chemical analysis ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of the grinding procedure on the moisture and crude protein concentration of a ground Medicago sativa L. hay sample for quality grading. An additional aim was to investigate the accuracy of electronic moisture testers (EMT). Variance of analyses revealed significant ...

Interspecific somatic hybridization between lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and wild species L. virosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Matsumoto, E

1991-02-01

Somatic hybrids between cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and a wild species L. virosa were produced by protoplast electrofusion. Hybrid selection was based on inactivation of L. sativa with 20mM iodoacetamide for 15 min, and the inability of L. virosa protoplasts to divide in the culture conditions used. Protoplasts were cultured in agarose beads in a revised MS media. In all 71 calli were formed and 21 of them differentiated shoots on LS medium containing 0.1mg/l NAA and 0.2mg/l BA. Most regenerated plants exhibited intermediate morphology. These plants were confirmed as hybrids by isoenzyme analysis. The majority of somatic hybrids had 2n=4x=36 chromosomes, and had more vigorous growth than either parent. Hybrids had normal flower morphology, but all were sterile.

Can rice (Oryza sativa) mitigate pesticides and nutrients in agricultural runoff?

Science.gov (United States)

Phytoremediation of nutrients and pesticides in runoff is a growing conservation effort, particularly in agriculturally intensive areas such as the lower Mississippi River Valley. In the current study, rice (Oryza sativa) was examined for its mitigation capacity of nitrogen, phosphorus, diazinon, a...

Factores psicosociales asociados a un alto, medio y bajo riesgo de síntomas depresivos en el posparto inmediato Psychosocial factors associated to low, medium and high risk of depressive symptoms in the immediate postpartum period

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Cynthia Inés Paolini

2012-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: evaluar factores psicosociales asociados a síntomas depresivos en el posparto inmediato. MÉTODOS: 45 mujeres puérperas de un hospital público de Buenos Aires, Argentina, fueron entrevistadas entre el 1er y el 3er día posparto, de marzo-diciembre 2010. La Escala de Depresión Posnatal de Edimburgo (EPDS fue administrada para evaluar síntomas depresivos. La entrevista psicológica perinatal (EPP fue administrada para detectar variables psicosociales. A partir de los resultados obtenidos en la EPDS, se separó la muestra en tres grupos con diferentes grados de riesgo de sintomatología depresiva: "negativas o de bajo riesgo", "positivas de riesgo medio" y "positivas de alto riesgo". Los puntajes de corte utilizados fueron 9 y 19. RESULTADOS: se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los tres grupos con violencia familiar, migración, historia previa de depresión, presencia de síntomas depresivos durante el embarazo y mayor cantidad de estresores. CONCLUSIONES: el establecimiento de los dos puntajes de corte en la EPDS permite una detección temprana de las mujeres que presentan síntomas depresivos. Se sugiere la utilidad del puntaje de corte de 19 para la detección temprana de mujeres con mayor riesgo de desarrollar depresión posparto.OBJECTIVES: evaluate psychosocial factors associated to depressive symptoms during the immediate postpartum period. METHODS: a total of 45 argentine puerperal women hospitalized in a public maternal hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina, were interviewed on the 1st and 3rd day postpartum from March to December 2010. Aiming to assess the presence of depressive symptoms, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS was administrated. The Perinatal Psychological Interview was administrated to explore psychosocial variables. Based on the scores obtained in the EPDS, the sample was separated in three different groups with increasing risk of depressive symptomatology: "negative or low risk

Macromolecular Traits in the African Rice Oryza glaberrima and in Glaberrima/Sativa Crosses, and Their Relevance to Processing.

Science.gov (United States)

Marengo, Mauro; Barbiroli, Alberto; Bonomi, Francesco; Casiraghi, Maria Cristina; Marti, Alessandra; Pagani, Maria Ambrogina; Manful, John; Graham-Acquaah, Seth; Ragg, Enzio; Fessas, Dimitrios; Hogenboom, Johannes A; Iametti, Stefania

2017-10-01

Molecular properties of proteins and starch were investigated in 2 accessions of Oryza glaberrima and Oryza sativa, and in one NERICA cross between the 2 species, to assess traits that could be relevant to transformation into specific foods. Protein nature and organization in O. glaberrima were different from those in O. sativa and in NERICA. Despite the similar cysteine content in all samples, thiol accessibility in O. glaberrima proteins was higher than in NERICA or in O. sativa. Inter-protein disulphide bonds were important for the formation of protein aggregates in O. glaberrima, whereas non-covalent protein-protein interactions were relevant in NERICA and O. sativa. DSC and NMR studies indicated only minor differences in the structure of starch in these species, as also made evident by their microstructural features. Nevertheless, starch gelatinization in O. glaberrima was very different from what was observed in O. sativa and NERICA. The content of soluble species in gelatinized starch from the various species in the presence/absence of treatments with specific enzymes indicated that release of small starch breakdown products was lowest in O. glaberrima, in particular from the amylopectin component. These findings may explain the low glycemic index of O. glaberrima, and provide a rationale for extending the use of O. glaberrima in the production of specific rice-based products, thus improving the economic value and the market appeal of African crops. The structural features of proteins and starch in O. glaberrima are very different from those in O. sativa and in the NERICA cross. These results appear useful as for extending the use of O. glaberrima cultivars in the design and production of specific rice-based products (for example, pasta), that might, in turn, improve the economic value and the market appeal of locally sourced raw materials, by introducing added-value products on the African market. © 2017 Institute of Food Technologists®.

Standardized Cannabis sativa extract attenuates tau and stathmin gene expression in the melanoma cell line.

Science.gov (United States)

Vaseghi, Golnaz; Taki, Mohamad Javad; Javanmard, Shaghayegh Haghjooy

2017-10-01

Metastasis is the main cause of death in patients with melanoma. Cannabis-based medicines are effective adjunctive drugs in cancer patients. Tau and Stathmin proteins are the key proteins in cancer metastasis. Here we have investigated the effect of a standardized Cannabis sativa extract on cell migration and Tau and Stathmin gene expression in the melanoma cell line. In the treatment group, melanoma (B1617) was treated 48 hr with various concentrations of standardized C. sativa extract. Cells with no treatment were considered as the control group, then study was followed by Quantitative RT-Real Time PCR assay. Relative gene expression was calculated by the ΔΔct method. Migration assay was used to evaluate cancer metastasis. Tau and stathmin gene expression was significantly decreased compared to the control group. Cell migration was also significantly reduced compared to controls. C. sativa decreased tau and stathmin gene expression and cancer metastasis. The results may have some clinical relevance for the use of cannabis-based medicines in patients with metastatic melanoma.

Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the dioecious Cannabis sativa with an XY chromosome sex determination system.

Science.gov (United States)

Divashuk, Mikhail G; Alexandrov, Oleg S; Razumova, Olga V; Kirov, Ilya V; Karlov, Gennady I

2014-01-01

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) was karyotyped using by DAPI/C-banding staining to provide chromosome measurements, and by fluorescence in situ hybridization with probes for 45 rDNA (pTa71), 5S rDNA (pCT4.2), a subtelomeric repeat (CS-1) and the Arabidopsis telomere probes. The karyotype has 18 autosomes plus a sex chromosome pair (XX in female and XY in male plants). The autosomes are difficult to distinguish morphologically, but three pairs could be distinguished using the probes. The Y chromosome is larger than the autosomes, and carries a fully heterochromatic DAPI positive arm and CS-1 repeats only on the less intensely DAPI-stained, euchromatic arm. The X is the largest chromosome of all, and carries CS-1 subtelomeric repeats on both arms. The meiotic configuration of the sex bivalent locates a pseudoautosomal region of the Y chromosome at the end of the euchromatic CS-1-carrying arm. Our molecular cytogenetic study of the C. sativa sex chromosomes is a starting point for helping to make C. sativa a promising model to study sex chromosome evolution.

Restos de vida en Bajo este sol tremendo de Carlos Busqued

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Marcos Seifert

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo se propone analizar cómo la novela de Carlos Busqued Bajo este sol tremendo (2009 se apoya en la representación de vidas desechadas, basura y todo tipo de restos para instalarse en una tensión entre orden y exceso. La narración plantea una lógica en la que la basura, en lugar de constituirse en un indicio que posibilite la reconstrucción del paisaje social, exhibe lo desbordante, lo inasimilable y los vacíos de sentido. En el mundo que nos presenta Busqued lo viviente se vuelve resto en la medida en que encarna una heterogeneidad irreductible a cualquier estructura social y productiva. This paper analyzes the way in which Carlos Busqued's novel Bajo este sol tremendo (2009 is based on the representation of discarded lives, garbage, and all kinds of remains and thus proposes a tension between order and excess. The narration raises a logic in which garbage, instead of constituting an indicator that allows for the reconstruction of the social landscape, exhibits the overflowing, the unassimilable, and the voids of meaning. In the world that Busqued presents, the living becomes a remainder because it embodies an irreducible heterogeneity with regards to any social and productive structure.

Variation of photosynthetic tolerance of rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

STORAGESEVER

2010-03-01

Mar 1, 2010 ... (Oryza sativa L.) to chilling temperature in the light. Xia Li*, Kun Cao, Chao .... 2 mol) formed red-brown trimethine that can be detected quantitatively with spectrophoto- ..... ses through the generation of appropriate signals (H2O2) and the balance ..... was under weak light intensity (Murata, 1989). Light.

La corte constitucional: entre la ley de gradualidad y la gradualidad de la ley. A propósito del fallo sobre el aborto

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Ilva Myriam Hoyos

2006-01-01

El artículo, escrito un mes después de proferido el fallo de la Corte Constitucional sobre el aborto, presenta algunas reflexiones críticas sobre el polémico fallo. La tesis central que desarrolla, con base en los comunicados de prensa del 11 y 12 de mayo de 2006, y en las declaraciones de prensa de una de las demandantes y del magistrado ponente, es que, a diferencia de lo que sostiene la Corte, en Colombia se legalizó el aborto en tres amplios supuestos. Esa legalización i...

Melanose multicêntrica em frango de corte: relato de caso

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N.V. Tamiasso

Full Text Available RESUMO Melanoblastos podem migrar de forma errática durante a embriogênese, gerando um quadro conhecido como melanose. São raros os estudos envolvendo melanose com acometimento múltiplo dos órgãos. Objetivou-se descrever um caso de melanose multicêntrica em frango de corte que gerou condenação do animal ao abate. Foram encaminhadas ao Laboratório de Patologia Animal da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo para avaliação histopatológica amostras de diversos órgãos de uma ave de corte da linhagem Cobb de 48-49 dias de idade. Esse animal foi condenado na linha de inspeção por apresentar áreas multifocais enegrecidas. Ao exame microscópico, observou-se melanina multifocal variando de moderada a intensa quantidade em todos os órgãos acometidos com lesões enegrecidas na macroscopia. As áreas pigmentadas foram negativas para a coloração especial de azul da Prússia e não foram encontradas células neoplásicas. A pigmentação da pele em aves comercializadas no Ocidente é rara, pois a característica de pele clara foi selecionada por meio de melhoramento genético, mas pouco se sabe sobre quais mutações desencadeiam melanose nas linhagens selecionadas para não apresentar pigmentação. A ave apresentou melanose multicêntrica e tal alteração não compromete a função dos órgãos acometidos nem representa risco para a saúde humana, no entanto, devido ao aspecto macroscópico, os órgãos que apresentam tal lesão foram condenados para consumo humano.

Monitoring Metabolite Profiles of Cannabis sativa L. Trichomes during Flowering Period Using 1H NMR-Based Metabolomics and Real-Time PCR.

Science.gov (United States)

Happyana, Nizar; Kayser, Oliver

2016-08-01

Cannabis sativa trichomes are glandular structures predominantly responsible for the biosynthesis of cannabinoids, the biologically active compounds unique to this plant. To the best of our knowledge, most metabolomic works on C. sativa that have been reported previously focused their investigations on the flowers and leaves of this plant. In this study, (1)H NMR-based metabolomics and real-time PCR analysis were applied for monitoring the metabolite profiles of C. sativa trichomes, variety Bediol, during the last 4 weeks of the flowering period. Partial least squares discriminant analysis models successfully classified metabolites of the trichomes based on the harvest time. Δ (9)-Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (1) and cannabidiolic acid (2) constituted the vital differential components of the organic preparations, while asparagine, glutamine, fructose, and glucose proved to be their water-extracted counterparts. According to RT-PCR analysis, gene expression levels of olivetol synthase and olivetolic acid cyclase influenced the accumulation of cannabinoids in the Cannabis trichomes during the monitoring time. Moreover, quantitative (1)H NMR and RT-PCR analysis of the Cannabis trichomes suggested that the gene regulation of cannabinoid biosynthesis in the C. sativa variety Bediol is unique when compared with other C. sativa varieties. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Effect of Nigella sativa (seed and oil on the bacteriological quality of soft white cheese

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S. D. Alsawaf

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The effect of Nigella sativa seed (1% and 3% and oil (0.3% and 1% on some food poisoning and pathogenic bacteria as well as on the total bacterial count TBC (cfu/g in soft white cheese prepared from raw ewe's milk and labratory pasteurized ewe's milk inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus, Brucella melitensis and Escherichia coli at a concentration of 1×106 cfu/ml were carried out. Cheese samples were examined for bacterial count at: zero, 2nd, 4th and 6th days of storage at refrigerator temp. Results showed that there was Significant decrease (P<0.05 in TBC, Staphylococcus aureus, Brucella melitensis and Escherichia coli count in cheese samples treated with N. sativa seed (1% and 3% and oil (0.3% and 1% with pronounced concentration dependent inhibition in contrast to control cheese samples which exerted significant increase in bacterial counts as it reached 2.8×107, 2.95×106, 2.22×106 and 2.885×106 cfu/g for TBC, Staph. aureus, Br. melitensis and E. coli respectively at the 6th day of storage at refrigerator temp. N. sativa oil (0.3% and 1% was significantly more affective (P<0.05 as antibacterial agent than seed (1% and 3% respectively. No significant differences (P<0.05 in the susceptibility of Staph. aureus, Br.melitensis and E. coli to the antibacterial effect of N. sativa seed (1% and 3% and oil (0.3% and 1% were observed in treated soft white cheese.

Las embajadas rusas a la corte de Carlos II

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Francisco FERNÁNDEZ IZQUIERDO

2009-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Las relaciones diplomáticas y comerciales entre Rusia y España fueron muy escasas antes del siglo XVIII. En la segunda mitad del siglo XVII, durante la etapa previa a la consolidación de Rusia como potencia europea que tendría lugar en la centuria siguiente, la Corte de Moscú decidió el envío de embajadores itinerantes a las principales capitales europeas, incluida Madrid. Sin que se llegasen a concretar acuerdos políticos o comerciales de importancia, esos primeros pasos de los embajadores rusos en España Pedro I. Potemkin (1667-1668 y 1681, Andrés Vinio (1673 y el príncipe Dolgoruki (1687-1688 iniciaron los contactos entre culturas y países distantes y apenas relacionadas hasta el momento. Aparte del pintoresquismo de los trajes y costumbres de unos visitantes inéditos en la corte madrileña de Carlos II, los detalles del protocolo y, especialmente el retrato de Potemkin que pintó Carreño de Miranda, conservado en el Museo del Prado, son los elementos que se recorren en este artículo.ABSTRACT: Diplomatic and commercial relations between Russia and Spain were very rare before the XVIIIth century. In the second half of XVIIth century during the previous stage of the rising of Russia as an European powerful nation, the Court of Moscow ordered to send ambassadors to the main European capitals including Madrid. Without achieving a substantial political or commercial treaty, these first steps of the Russian ambassadors in Spain Peter I. Potemkin (1667-1668 and 1681, Andrew Vinius (1673 and prince Dolgoruki (1687-1688 began the contacts between far countries and cultures not faced before then. Apart from picturesque clothes and customs of unknown visitors in the Court of Madrid during the reign of Carlos II, the details of protocol and especially the portrait of Potemkin painted by Carreño de Miranda, kept in Prado Museum, are analyzedas subject in this article.

Zeólita na dieta de bovinos de corte

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L.R.A Câmara

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se o efeito da inclusão de zeólita na dieta de bovinos de corte sobre os parâmetros ruminais, as digestibilidades total e parcial, a produção de nitrogênio, a eficiência microbiana e as características do sangue. Os tratamentos, com base na matéria seca (MS da dieta, foram: 0; 0,75; 1,5; 2,25 e 3,0% de zeólita. Utilizaram-se cinco bovinos machos mestiços, fistulados no rúmen e abomaso, alimentados com silagem de milho e concentrado, representando 65% de volumoso e 35% de concentrado. O delineamento utilizado foi em quadrado latino 5×5, com cinco períodos de 15 dias. Os animais receberam 15g de dióxido de titânio (TiO2 do terceiro ao 12º dia de cada período. Houve efeito (P<0,05 sobre o consumo diário (kg/dia de proteína bruta (PB e efeito (P<0,05 sobre o consumo de MS e de fibra em detergente neutro corrigida para cinza e proteína, expresso em g/kg de peso. A digestibilidade total dos nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT foi influenciada pelos tratamentos (P<0,05. A digestibilidade ruminal dos carboidratos não fibrosos (CNF foi afetada quadraticamente (P<0,05, assim como a intestinal da PB e dos CNF. A ingestão e a excreção fecal de nitrogênio (g/dia foram influenciadas linearmente (P<0,05 pela inclusão de zeólita. Concluiu-se que a adição de zeólita na dieta, embora tenha aumentado os consumos de MS e de FDN, não melhorou a utilização da ureia em dietas de bovinos de corte.

Exploiting Illumina Sequencing for the Development of 95 Novel Polymorphic EST-SSR Markers in Common Vetch (Vicia sativa subsp. sativa

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Zhipeng Liu

2014-05-01

Full Text Available The common vetch (Vicia sativa subsp. sativa, a self-pollinating and diploid species, is one of the most important annual legumes in the world due to its short growth period, high nutritional value, and multiple usages as hay, grain, silage, and green manure. The available simple sequence repeat (SSR markers for common vetch, however, are insufficient to meet the developing demand for genetic and molecular research on this important species. Here, we aimed to develop and characterise several polymorphic EST-SSR markers from the vetch Illumina transcriptome. A total number of 1,071 potential EST-SSR markers were identified from 1025 unigenes whose lengths were greater than 1,000 bp, and 450 primer pairs were then designed and synthesized. Finally, 95 polymorphic primer pairs were developed for the 10 common vetch accessions, which included 50 individuals. Among the 95 EST-SSR markers, the number of alleles ranged from three to 13, and the polymorphism information content values ranged from 0.09 to 0.98. The observed heterozygosity values ranged from 0.00 to 1.00, and the expected heterozygosity values ranged from 0.11 to 0.98. These 95 EST-SSR markers developed from the vetch Illumina transcriptome could greatly promote the development of genetic and molecular breeding studies pertaining to in this species.

Eruca sativa Might Influence the Growth, Survival under Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions and Some Biological Features of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strains

OpenAIRE

Fratianni, Florinda; Pepe, Selenia; Cardinale, Federica; Granese, Tiziana; Cozzolino, Autilia; Coppola, Raffaele; Nazzaro, Filomena

2014-01-01

The growth and viability of three Lactobacillus strains, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, after their passage through simulated gastric and pancreatic juices were studied as a function of their presence in the growth medium of rocket salad (Eruca sativa). The presence of E. sativa affected some of the biological properties of the strains. For example, L. acidophilus and L. plantarum worked more efficiently in the presence of E. sativa, increasing...

Inscribo ibérica da Corte do Freixo (Almodovar

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Alfonso do PAÇO

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Nos primeiros dias de Maio de 1964, presumivelmente no dia 4, o Sr. Manuel Felisberto Guerreiro, residente no Monte Novo, em Santana da Serra, concelho de Ourique, procedía a trabalhos agrícolas com um tractor na sua propriedade denominada Corte do Freixo, situada na freguesia de Gomes Aires, concelho da Almodovar, em plena serra do Caldeiráo, ñas margens da ribeira do Freixo, que corre para a de Odelouca. A certa altura a máquina comegou a arrancar de profundidades que variavam entre 30 a 40 centímetros, um grupo de pedras xistosas de apreciável volume, entre as quais urna que continha "certas letras", que por curiosa, foi retirada de entre as outras e cuidadosamente arrecadada.

Immunomodulatory and therapeutic properties of the Nigella sativa L. seed.

Science.gov (United States)

Salem, Mohamed Labib

2005-12-01

A larger number of medicinal plants and their purified constituents have been shown beneficial therapeutic potentials. Seeds of Nigella sativa, a dicotyledon of the Ranunculaceae family, have been employed for thousands of years as a spice and food preservative. The oil and seed constituents, in particular thymoquinine (TQ), have shown potential medicinal properties in traditional medicine. In view of the recent literature, this article lists and discusses different immunomodulatory and immunotherapeutic potentials for the crude oil of N. sativa seeds and its active ingredients. The published findings provide clear evidence that both the oil and its active ingredients, in particular TQ, possess reproducible anti-oxidant effects through enhancing the oxidant scavenger system, which as a consequence lead to antitoxic effects induced by several insults. The oil and TQ have shown also potent anti-inflammatory effects on several inflammation-based models including experimental encephalomyelitis, colitis, peritonitis, oedama, and arthritis through suppression of the inflammatory mediators prostaglandins and leukotriens. The oil and certain active ingredients showed beneficial immunomodulatory properties, augmenting the T cell- and natural killer cell-mediated immune responses. Most importantly, both the oil and its active ingredients expressed anti-microbial and anti-tumor properties toward different microbes and cancers. Coupling these beneficial effects with its use in folk medicine, N. sativa seed is a promising source for active ingredients that would be with potential therapeutic modalities in different clinical settings. The efficacy of the active ingredients, however, should be measured by the nature of the disease. Given their potent immunomodulatory effects, further studies are urgently required to explore bystander effects of TQ on the professional antigen presenting cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells, as well as its modulatory effects upon Th1

Influence of Feed Supplementation with Cannabis Sativa on Quality of Broilers Carcass

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Rifat Ullah Khan1*, F. R. Durrani1, Naila Chand1 and Haseeb Anwar

2010-01-01

Full Text Available A project was planned to study the effect of feeding powdered seeds of Cannabis sativa on the carcass quality of broiler chicks. A total of 160 day-old broiler chicks of equal weight were randomly divided into four equal groups A, B, C and D. Each group was further divided into four replicates with 10 chicks in each replicate. Dried crushed Cannabis sativa seeds were added to the feed of groups B, C and D at the rate of 5, 10 and 20% of offered feed respectively, while group A served as a control. The studied parameters were body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR, dressing percentage, mortality and economics. After an experimental period of 42 days, the data were analyzed statistically. It was revealed from the results that body weight gain was significantly higher (P<0.05, while feed intake was significantly lower (P<0.05, in group D compared to the control. FCR was significantly better in birds of group D compared to controls. Differences in dressing percentage and mortality were non significant between the treated and control groups. Return per chick (in rupees was significantly higher in group D compared to groups A and B (P<0.05. It was concluded from these results that seeds of Cannabis sativa have remarkable impact on growth of broiler chicks and can help in alleviating feed expenditure incurred on raising broiler chicks.

Jejum alimentar e qualidade da carne de frango de corte tipo caipira

OpenAIRE

OLIVEIRA,Felipe Rosa; BOARI,Cleube Andrade; PIRES,Aldrin Vieira; MOGNATO,João Carlos; CARVALHO,Rúbio Madureira de Souza; SANTOS JÚNIOR,Marco Aurélio; MATTIOLI,Cristiano Campos

2015-01-01

ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar as características de qualidade da carne de frango de corte tipo caipira em diferentes tempos de jejum alimentar. Aves, machos, da linhagem “pesadão vermelho”, criadas até 85 dias de idade em sistema semiextensivo, foram submetidas aos tempos de zero, três, seis, nove e 12 horas de jejum alimentar. Obteve-se o peso vivo, peso da carcaça, o rendimento de carcaça fria, o peso do trato gastrintestinal das aves. Foram avaliados o pH24h, a luminosidade (L*), ...

El cuerpo del monstruo en "Los Premios" de Julio Cortázar.

OpenAIRE

María Luiza Teixeira Batista

2008-01-01

ENGLISH: In this paper, we intend to analyze the first novel of Julio Cortázar, Los Premios, published in 1960. Our analysis is centered on the figure of the monster that is concealed in the description and in the actions of the characters. It is known that the appearance is one of the aspects that characterize the monster. It is also known that, through history, it is a creature that causes fear, a representation of dreadfulness, a personal creation that gets stronger for its capacity of mys...

Hydrochemical and isotopic properties of the groundwater in the middle part of the Tulian river watershed, Puerto Cortes, Honduras

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Contreras, Tirza C.; Vargas, Ingrid; Badilla, Elena

2012-01-01

The hydrochemical and isotopic properties of 11 springs are identified, including one thermal spring, in Tulian watershed, located in the city of Puerto Cortes, Cortes, Honduras. The relation in the water between the concentrations of the environmental stable isotopes, deuterium (2 H ) and oxygen - 18 (1 8O ), has been similar to the relation in global meteoric water, indicating that the water has a meteoric origin. Evaluation of the geochemical characteristics of the water reveals that these springs belong to the same hydrogeological system, which comprises a fractured schist and gneiss of the Esquistos Cacaguapa formation. The water of the evaluated springs has been mainly sodium bicarbonate and calcium bicarbonate. The isotopic contents have showed without a variation of δ 18 O as would be expected in the hot spring. (author) [es

LOCAL GENIUS AS SOCIO-CULTURAL CAPITAL FOR EMPOWERING THE BAJO ETHNIC PEOPLE RESIDING AT THE COASTAL AREA OF BUNGIN PERMAI VILLAGE, SOUTH EAST SULAWESI

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La Ode Ali Basri

2012-11-01

Full Text Available In this dissertation the local genius as socio-cultural capital for empowering theBajo ethnic people residing at the costal area of Bungin Permai Village, TinanggeaDistrict, South Konawe Regency, South Sulawesi Province is discussed. The Bajo ethnicpeople have a set of local genius within their socio-cultural system which is reflected intheir belief, tradition and custom and is used as the reference for conceiving andexplaining the objective and essence of life and the world. However, such local geniushas not functioned optimally yet as they are still marginalized.This research is focused on (1 what forms of local genius serve as the sociocultural capital for empowering the Bajo ethnic group residing at the coastal area?; (2how the local genius is developed to empower the Bajo ethnic people residing at thecoastal area?; and (3 what factors which may support and obstruct the local genius usedas the socio cultural capital for empowering the Bajo ethnic people residing at the coastalarea? Qualitative method is employed in this study with the approach of cultural studies.The theories used are the post colonial theory, structural theory, generative theory,hegemony theory and semiotic theory. The techniques used for collecting the data neededare participative observation, in-depth interview, library research, and focus groupdiscussion. The data obtained are analytically and descriptively processed and arepresented in the forms of narration, tables and visual illustration.The results of the study show that the Bajo ethnic people residing at BunginPermai Village have a set of local genius which may be potentially used as the sociocultural capital for empowering their community such as (1 indigenous skills andknowledge; (2 working culture; and (3 local organizations. The development of theindigenous skills and knowledge (pengetahuan dan ketrampilan asli; hereon abbreviatedto PKA and the revitalization of their local organizations may be used as the

Uptake of perfluorinated alkyl acids by hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Felizeter, S.; McLachlan, M.; de Voogt, P.

2012-01-01

An uptake study was carried out to assess the potential human exposure to perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) through the ingestion of vegetables. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) was grown in PFAA-spiked nutrient solutions at four different concentrations, ranging from 10 ng/L to 10 μg/L. Eleven

Predicción del desgaste del flanco de la herramienta de corte durante el torneado en seco de alta velocidad para piezas de acero AISI 316L en la industria minera

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Yusimit K. Zamora-Hernández

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio experimental sobre la influencia de los parámetros de corte en el torneado del acero inoxidable AISI 316L con insertos recubiertos de TiCN, Al2O3, TiN. Un microscopio electrónico de barrido fue utilizado para medir y analizar el desgaste de las herramientas de corte. Los resultados fueron comparados utilizando el análisis de varianza y el análisis de regresión múltiple para describir la relación entre el desgaste del flanco de las herramientas de corte, el tiempo de maquinado y el avance de corte, obteniéndose las ecuaciones de los modelos ajustados. La investigación demostró el efecto significativo del avance y del tiempo de maquinado en el desgaste del flanco. El inserto de tres capas no sobrepasó el criterio de fin de vida del desgaste, mientras que el inserto de una capa sufrió un desgaste elevado para la mayor velocidad de corte. El desgaste del flanco tuvo mejor comportamiento para el avance de 0,08 mm/rev en todas las velocidades empleadas en este estudio. Los errores medios absolutos no superaron el 15 %.

El ultimo libro de cuentos de Julio Cortázar : realidad o literatura?

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Raquel Arias Careaga

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Cuando Julio Cortázar publica en 1982 Deshoras se encuentra en el final de su vida, con una extensa obra publicada que le ha convertido en uno de los renovadores de la literatura escrita en español durante el siglo XX. Las innovaciones propuestas por una novela como Rayuela (1963, habían dejado paso en textos posteriores a búsquedas que, si bien partían de algunos supuestos expuestos en dicha obra, ampliaban las posibilidades expresivas de la novela indagando en nuevos caminos. Es el caso de 62, modelo para armar (1968, en lucha contra la linealidad del lenguaje para lograr un texto narrativo cuya característica principal es la simultaneidad. La aparición de Libro de Manuel (1973 conjugaba un creciente compromiso político con la búsqueda de una nueva retórica que permitiera la inclusión de materiales directamente tomados de la realidad y el cuestionamiento de determinadas formas de lucha de la izquierda en Hispanoamérica. Las diversas polémicas en las que participó o se vio envuelto (Collazos, 1970; Cortázar, 1970 acerca del escritor comprometido con su tiempo y la necesidad de atender a dicho compromiso desde las páginas de ficción podrían resumirse en esta declaración de principios

Effect of Nigella sativa on ischemia-reperfusion induced rat kidney damage

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Shahrzad Havakhah

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Objective(s:There are a few previously reported studies about the effect of Nigella sativa oil on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis whether pre- or post-treatment with N. sativa hydroalcoholic extract (NSE would reduce tissue injury and oxidative damages in a clinically relevant rat model of renal IRI.    Materials and Methods: IRI was induced by clamping of bilateral renal arteries for 40 min fallowed by reperfusion for 180 min. NSE was prepared in a Soxhlet extractor and administrated with doses of 150 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg at 1 hr before ischemia induction (P-150 and 300 or at the beginning of reperfusion phase (T-150 and 300, via jugular catheter intravenously. The kidneys were then removed and subjected to biochemical analysis, comet assay or histopathological examination. Results: The kidneys of untreated IRI rats had a higher histopathological score (P

The Antidiabetic Activity of Nigella sativa and Propolis on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy in Male Rats

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Haddad A. El Rabey

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This study was conducted to compare the ameliorative effect of Nigella sativa and propolis methanol extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats and treating diabetic nephropathy. Forty male Albino rats were divided into four groups; the first group was the negative control fed standard diet. The other 30 rats were injected with streptozotocin to induce diabetes by a single intravenous injection and then divided equally into three groups; the second group was the positive diabetic control; the third and the fourth groups were treated orally with 20% w/w Nigella sativa seeds methanol extract and propolis methanol extract (20% w/w, respectively. The rats of the second group showed increased glucose levels and lipid peroxide accompanied with reduction in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase enzyme activities compared with the negative control. Carboxymethyl lysine, interleukin-6, and immunoglobulins were also increased as a result of diabetes. Kidney function parameters were also elevated, while potassium and sodium levels were decreased. Moreover, tissues of kidney and pancreas showed severe histopathological changes. Treating the diabetic rats with Nigella sativa and propolis methanol extract in the third and fourth groups, respectively, ameliorated all altered biochemical and pathological examinations approaching the negative control. Propolis was more effective than Nigella sativa.

Development and Identification of Introgression Lines from Cross of Oryza sativa and Oryza minuta

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

GUO Si-bin; WEI Yu; LI Xiao-qiong; LIU Kai-qiang; HUANG Feng-kuan; CHEN Cai-hong; GAO Guo-qing

2013-01-01

Introgression line population is effectively used in mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs),identifying favorable genes,discovering hidden genetic variation,evaluating the action or interaction of QTLs in multiple conditions and providing the favorable experimental materials for plant breeding and genetic research.In this study,an advanced backcross and consecutive selfing strategy was used to develop introgression lines (ILs),which derived from an accession of Oryza minuta (accession No.101133) with BBCC genome,as the donor,and an elite indica cultivar IR24 (O.sativa),as the recipient.Introgression segments from O.minuta were screened using 164 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in the genome of each IL.Introgressed segments carried by 131 ILs covered the whole O.sativa genome.The average number of homozygous O.minuta segments per introgression line was about 9.99.The average length of introgressed segments was approximate 14.78 cM,and about 79.64％of these segments had sizes less than 20 cM.In the genome of each introgression line,the O.minuta chromosomal segments harbored chromosomal fragments of O.sativa ranging from 1.15％ to 27.6％,with an overall average of 8.57％.At each locus,the ratio of substitution of O.minuta alleles had a range of 1.5％-25.2％,with an average of 8.3％ Based on the evaluation of the phenotype of these ILs,a wide range of alterations in morphological and yield-related traits were found.After inoculation,ILs 41,11 and 7 showed high resistance to bacterial blight,brown planthopper and whitebacked planthopper,respectively.These O.minuta-O.sativa ILs will serve as genetic materials for identifying and using favorable genes from O.minuta.

Protective Effect of Nigella Sativa Black Seed Oil And Freshly Crushed Seeds In Rats During Tumour Induction And Radiotherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdallah, N.M.; Eldosoky, H.M.; Mohamed, H.E.; Noaman, E.

2006-01-01

The present study was conducted to evaluate the potency of Nigella sativa freshly crushed seeds (0.42 g/ kg body weight) or oil (2.5 ml/kg body weight) for preventing tumor induction through exposure of rats to a common pollutant (1,4- Dioxane) as a promoter under condition of the presence of an initiator (N-nitrosodiethylamine). The antitumor effect was evaluated alone or in combination with low doses of irradiation as a route of cancer treatment. Female Swiss albino rats were administrated orally twice weekly with Nigella sativa before and during exposure of rats to the carcinogenic compounds. Animals were exposed to 3 doses of radiation (3 Gy/ dose) day after day 2 weeks before the end of the experiment. The animals were scarified after one week of radiation. Homocysteine,'glutathione, lipid peroxide, GGT activity, nitric oxide, total protein, albumin and bilirubin levels were estimated in blood after 7 and 12 months from the start of the experiment. Rats injected with the carcinogenic compounds showed marked elevation in homocysteine, GGT activity, nitric oxide, bilirubin and lipid peroxide levels accompanied by a significant decrease in glutathione, total proteins and albumin levels. Pretreatment with Nigella sativa alone or combined with γ- irradiation potentially reversed the investigated parameters. Moreover, Nigella sativa significantly suppressed the growth of the tumor and efficiently produced synergistic effect with γ-irradiation. Therefore, Nigella sativa may be a good candidate to prevent tumor induction and so, it is advicable to use freshly crushed seeds during irradiation treatment in cancer patients as they gave more effective protection than the oil extract.

PRODUTIVIDADE E CUSTOS DO FELLER-BUNCHER E PROCESSADOR FLORESTAL EM POVOAMENTO DE EUCALIPTO DE PRIMEIRO CORTE

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Danilo Simões

2014-09-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509815742A racionalização da colheita florestal e a minimização dos custos é uma busca constante por parte dos gestores envolvidos nesse processo, competindo a esses deliberar práticas economicamente viáveis para otimizar essa operação. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar técnica e economicamente a produtividade do feller-buncher e do processador florestal em povoamento de eucalipto em primeiro corte. A análise técnica englobou um estudo de tempos e movimentos, produtividade, eficiência operacional e disponibilidade mecânica. A análise econômica englobou os parâmetros do custo operacional, custo de colheita florestal e rendimento energético. Visando à otimização do custo de colheita florestal, o sistema composto pelo feller-buncher e processador florestal apresenta-se como uma alternativa viável tecnicamente e economicamente para a colheita em povoamentos de eucalipto de primeiro corte ou para povoamentos que não possuam árvores bifurcadas.

The allelopathic effects of invasive plant Solidago canadensis on seed germination and growth of Lactuca sativa enhanced by different types of acid deposition.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Congyan; Xiao, Hongguang; Zhao, Lulu; Liu, Jun; Wang, Lei; Zhang, Fei; Shi, Yanchun; Du, Daolin

2016-04-01

Invasive species can exhibit allelopathic effects on native species. Meanwhile, the types of acid deposition are gradually changing. Thus, the allelopathic effects of invasive species on seed germination and growth of native species may be altered or even enhanced under conditions with diversified acid deposition. This study aims to assess the allelopathic effects (using leaves extracts) of invasive plant Solidago canadensis on seed germination and growth of native species Lactuca sativa treated with five types of acid deposition with different SO4(2-) to NO3(-) ratios (1:0, sulfuric acid; 5:1, sulfuric-rich acid; 1:1, mixed acid; 1:5, nitric-rich acid; 0:1, nitric acid). Solidago canadensis leaf extracts exhibited significantly allelopathic effects on germination index, vigor index, and germination rate index of L. sativa. High concentration of S. canadensis leaf extracts also similarly exhibited significantly allelopathic effects on root length of L. sativa. This may be due to that S. canadensis could release allelochemicals and then trigger allelopathic effects on seed germination and growth of L. sativa. Acid deposition exhibited significantly negative effects on seedling biomass, root length, seedling height, germination index, vigor index, and germination rate index of L. sativa. This may be ascribed to the decreased soil pH values mediated by acid deposition which could produce toxic effects on seedling growth. Sulfuric acid deposition triggered more toxic effects on seedling biomass and vigor index of L. sativa than nitric acid deposition. This may be attributing to the difference in exchange capacity with hydroxyl groups (OH(-)) between SO4(2-) and NO3(-) as well as the fertilizing effects mediated by nitric deposition. All types of acid deposition significantly enhanced the allelopathic effects of S. canadensis on root length, germination index, vigor index, and germination rate index of L. sativa. This may be due to the negatively synergistic effects of

Derecho penal y la obligación de investigar y sancionar graves violaciones de derechos humanos y el derecho internacional humanitario -especial referencia a la sentencia de la corte constitucional colombiana c-579/13-

OpenAIRE

Gálvez Bermúdez, Carlos Augusto

2014-01-01

En el presente trabajo se analiza la obligación de investigar graves violaciones de Derechos Humanos y Derecho Internacional Humanitario, a la luz de la sentencia de la Corte Constitucional Colombiana referente a la constitucionalidad del Marco Jurídico para la paz. De la aparente remisión que hace la Corte Constitucional a la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos sobre el deber de investigar graves violaciones de Derechos Humanos y de Derecho Internacional Humanitario se concluye que ...

Análise economica do sistema de produção de bovinos de corte

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Thiago Rafael Miyake Pini

2014-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi efetuar análises econômicas de fazendas produtoras de bovinos de corte e compará-las com índices zootécnicos nacionais, em situações mercadológicas variadas de taxas de juros e de valor de aquisição da propriedade rural. Os resultados foram comparados com índices técnicos e produtivos da média nacional e com dois cenários melhorados. Avaliaram-se cinco cenários, sendo três em relação à taxa de juros (6%, 8% e 10% ao ano; e dois em relação ao valor do hectare (-30% e +30%. As fazendas de ciclo completo produtoras de animais de elite apresentaram os melhores resultados econômicos e financeiros. Os melhores resultados das fazendas produtoras de animais de corte foram obtidos nas análises financeiras com -30% no valor do hectare. Conclui-se que o valor do hectare tem maior impacto no sucesso financeiro da propriedade rural em comparação às taxas de juros.

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia caused by Nigella sativa oil – A case report

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K. Bouti

2013-10-01

The patient was advised to stop taking N. sativa oil. The only treatment that was instituted was N-acetylcysteine. A clinically significant change in symptoms and chest radiograph was observed. The patient has remained stable 18 months after the diagnosis.

Índice e histologia gonadal em reprodutores de frangos de corte da linhagem Avian Farm submetidos à restrição alimentar

OpenAIRE

Drummond,Cristina Delarete; Murgas,Luis David Solis; Bertechini,Antonio Gilberto; Rodenas,Carolina Elizabeth O.; Maciel,Mônica Patrícia; Alvarenga,Ana Luisa N.; Sousa,Sara Zardini de

2004-01-01

Nos reprodutores de frangos de corte, a restrição alimentar precoce é usada para limitar o ganho de peso corporal e otimizar o desempenho reprodutivo. Conduziu-se este trabalho com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da utilização da restrição alimentar no período de 14 a 121 dias de idade das aves sobre o índice gonadal e histologia testicular em galos reprodutores de corte. Foram avaliados os seguintes tratamentos: controle; 6 dias de alimentação e 1 não (6:1); e 5 dias de alimentação e 2 não (5...

Fortalecimiento del rol de la CIDH en el proceso de supervisión de cumplimiento de sentencias y planteamiento de reparaciones ante la Corte IDH

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Jorge Calderón Gamboa

2014-06-01

Full Text Available La ejecución de las sentencias de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos a través de la implementación de las medidas de reparación integral dispuestas por la misma, representa la cristalización y efectividad del sistema interamericano de protección de los derechos humanos en su conjunto, es por ello que el autor plantea que la reformulación estratégica de la labor de la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en estos procedimientos merece una reflexión. Este artículo analiza el rol de la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en el procedimiento de supervisión de sentencias ante la Corte IDH, proponiendo una reformulación de su labor con base a su función como garante del orden público interamericano. Asimismo, propone el fortalecimiento de su rol en el planteamiento de reparaciones ante la Corte IDH.

Standardized Cannabis sativa extract attenuates tau and stathmin gene expression in the melanoma cell line

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Golnaz Vaseghi

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Objective(s: Metastasis is the main cause of death in patients with melanoma. Cannabis-based medicines are effective adjunctive drugs in cancer patients. Tau and Stathmin proteins are the key proteins in cancer metastasis. Here we have investigated the effect of a standardized Cannabis sativa extract on cell migration and Tau and Stathmin gene expression in the melanoma cell line. Materials and Methods: In the treatment group, melanoma (B1617 was treated 48 hr with various concentrations of standardized C. sativa extract. Cells with no treatment were considered as the control group, then study was followed by Quantitative RT-Real Time PCR assay. Relative gene expression was calculated by the ΔΔct method. Migration assay was used to evaluate cancer metastasis. Results: Tau and stathmin gene expression was significantly decreased compared to the control group. Cell migration was also significantly reduced compared to controls.  Conclusion: C. sativa decreased tau and stathmin gene expression and cancer metastasis.  The results may have some clinical relevance for the use of cannabis-based medicines in patients with metastatic melanoma.

Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the dioecious Cannabis sativa with an XY chromosome sex determination system.

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Mikhail G Divashuk

Full Text Available Hemp (Cannabis sativa L. was karyotyped using by DAPI/C-banding staining to provide chromosome measurements, and by fluorescence in situ hybridization with probes for 45 rDNA (pTa71, 5S rDNA (pCT4.2, a subtelomeric repeat (CS-1 and the Arabidopsis telomere probes. The karyotype has 18 autosomes plus a sex chromosome pair (XX in female and XY in male plants. The autosomes are difficult to distinguish morphologically, but three pairs could be distinguished using the probes. The Y chromosome is larger than the autosomes, and carries a fully heterochromatic DAPI positive arm and CS-1 repeats only on the less intensely DAPI-stained, euchromatic arm. The X is the largest chromosome of all, and carries CS-1 subtelomeric repeats on both arms. The meiotic configuration of the sex bivalent locates a pseudoautosomal region of the Y chromosome at the end of the euchromatic CS-1-carrying arm. Our molecular cytogenetic study of the C. sativa sex chromosomes is a starting point for helping to make C. sativa a promising model to study sex chromosome evolution.

Comportamiento del índice de bajo peso al nacer en el Policlínico Docente Cerro durante los años 2009-2010

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Ramona Moraima Torres Zulueta

Full Text Available Introducción: el bajo peso al nacerconstituye el índice predictivo más importante de la mortalidad infantil y se plantea que es 20 veces mayor que en el recién nacido con peso adecuado. Objetivo: comparar el comportamiento del índice de bajo peso al nacer en recién nacidos de un Policlínico durante los años 2009 y 2010. Método: se realizó un estudio comparativo de tipo descriptivo en el Policlínico Universitario Cerro, en la provincia La Habana, durante los años 2009 y 2010. El Universo estuvo constituido por los 350 recién nacidos vivos en el 2009 y los 318 en el 2010, y la muestra estuvo conformada por 23 niños con bajo peso al nacer en el 2009 y por 21 en el 2010. Se revisaron las historias obstétricas de las madres y se identificaron algunas variables socio-demográficas. Resultados: en ambos años estudiados la edad materna de mayor bajo peso al nacer fue de 20 a 34 años, con 73,9 y 80,9 %. Los factores de riesgo que se asociaron al bajo peso fueron: el hábito de fumar, que predominó en ambos años de estudio, representado por un 60,8 % en 2009 y por un 61,9 % en el 2010; el trastorno hipertensivo, con un 35 % en el año 2010 y un 27,7 % en el año 2009, y en ambos años fue superior en el grupo de gestantes con hipertensión arterial crónica. La anemia aumentó considerablemente en el 2010 en un 80,9 %, comparado con un 69,5 % en el año 2009. Conclusiones: el bajo peso al nacer resultó más frecuente en las gestantes de 20 a 34 años. Los factores de riesgo asociados al bajo peso al nacer con mayor frecuencia fueron: la anemia, el hábito de fumar y los trastornos hipertensivos.

[Therapeutic potential of Cannabis sativa].

Science.gov (United States)

Avello L, Marcia; Pastene N, Edgar; Fernández R, Pola; Córdova M, Pia

2017-03-01

Cannabis sativa (marihuana) is considered an illicit drug due to its psychoactive properties. Recently, the Chilean government opened to the use cannabis in the symptomatic treatment of some patients. The biological effects of cannabis render it useful for the complementary treatment of specific clinical situations such as chronic pain. We retrieved scientific information about the analgesic properties of cannabis, using it as a safe drug. The drug may block or inhibit the transmission of nervous impulses at different levels, an effect associated with pain control. Within this context and using adequate doses, forms and administration pathways, it can be used for chronic pain management, considering its effectiveness and low cost. It could also be considered as an alternative in patients receiving prolonged analgesic therapies with multiple adverse effects.

Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on the growth, physiology and cannabinoid production of Cannabis sativa L

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lydon, J.

1986-01-01

The concentration of cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L. is correlated with high ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation environments. Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid and cannabidiolic acid, both major secondary products of C. sativa, absorb UV-B radiation and may function as solar screens. The object of this study was to test the effects of UV-B radiation on the physiology and cannabinoid production of C. sativa. Drug and fiber-type C. sativa were irradiated with three levels of UV-B radiation for 40 days in greenhouse experiments. Physiological measurements on leaf tissues were made by infra-red gas analysis. Drug and fiber-type control plants had similar CO 2 assimilation rates from 26 to 32 0 C. Drug-type control plant had higher dark respiration rates and stomatal conductances than fiber-type control plants. The concentration of Δ 9 -THC, but not of other cannabinoids) in both vegetative and reproductive tissues increased with UV-B dose in drug-type plants. None of the cannabinoids in fiber-type plants were affected by UV-B radiation. The increased level of Δ 9 -THC found in leaves after irradiation may account for the physiological and morphological insensitivity to UV-B radiation in the drug-type plants. However, fiber plants showed no comparable change in the level of cannabidoil (CBD). Resin stripped form fresh fiber-type floral tissue by sonication was spotted on filter paper and irradiated continuously for 7 days. Cannabidiol (CBD) gradually decreased when irradiated but Δ 9 -THC and cannabichromene did not

Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on the growth, physiology and cannabinoid production of Cannabis sativa L

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lydon, J.

1986-01-01

The concentration of cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L. is correlated with high ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation environments. ..delta../sup 9/-Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid and cannabidiolic acid, both major secondary products of C. sativa, absorb UV-B radiation and may function as solar screens. The object of this study was to test the effects of UV-B radiation on the physiology and cannabinoid production of C. sativa. Drug and fiber-type C. sativa were irradiated with three levels of UV-B radiation for 40 days in greenhouse experiments. Physiological measurements on leaf tissues were made by infra-red gas analysis. Drug and fiber-type control plants had similar CO/sub 2/ assimilation rates from 26 to 32/sup 0/C. Drug-type control plant had higher dark respiration rates and stomatal conductances than fiber-type control plants. The concentration of ..delta../sup 9/-THC, but not of other cannabinoids) in both vegetative and reproductive tissues increased with UV-B dose in drug-type plants. None of the cannabinoids in fiber-type plants were affected by UV-B radiation. The increased level of ..delta../sup 9/-THC found in leaves after irradiation may account for the physiological and morphological insensitivity to UV-B radiation in the drug-type plants. However, fiber plants showed no comparable change in the level of cannabidoil (CBD). Resin stripped form fresh fiber-type floral tissue by sonication was spotted on filter paper and irradiated continuously for 7 days. Cannabidiol (CBD) gradually decreased when irradiated but ..delta../sup 9/-THC and cannabichromene did not.

Jenis dan Status Konservasi Ikan Hiu yang Tertangkap di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI Labuan Bajo, Manggarai Barat, Flores

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Ismail Syakurachman Alaydrus

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The study aimed to determine the types of sharks are caught, sold and conservation status in the fish auction place (TPI Labuan Bajo, West Manggarai, Flores, East Nusa Tenggara have been conducted in February and March 2014 in Labuan Bajo. The research method was the survey method and used Market Survey sampling techniques and identification by Rapid Assessment method. Descriptively analyzed data, displayed in the form of narration and a table. Based on the results of the study, found 114 individual sharks, 55 individual males, 59 females were classified into three orders, namely Orectolobiformes, Lamniformes, and Carcharhiniformes; 4 families that Carcharhinidae, Odontaspididae, Rhynchobatidae, and Ginglymostomatidae; 5 genera namely Carcharhinus, Triaenodon, Rhyncobatus, Prionace, and Rhizoprionodon and 9 types of sharks that Carcharhinus melanopterus, Triaenodon obesus, Carcharhinus limbatus, Carcharhinus taurus, Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos, Rhynchobatus australiae, Prionace glauca, Rhizoprionodon acutus, and Nebrius ferrugineus. Based on the state of conservation, shark found in Labuan Bajo TPI classified Vulnerable and Near Threatened, the dominant type of shark found is Carcharhinus melanopterus (91 fishes while the least was found is Rhynchobatus australiae, Prionace glauca, Rhizoprionodon acutus, and Nebrius ferrugineus (each 1 individual.

Hybridization rates between lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and its wild relative (L. serriola) under field conditions

OpenAIRE

D'Andrea, Luigi; Felber, François; Guadagnuolo, Roberto

2008-01-01

Hybridization and introgression between crops and wild relatives may have important evolutionary and ecological consequences such as gene swamping or increased invasiveness. In the present study, we investigated hybridization under field conditions between crop lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and its wild relative prickly lettuce (L. serriola), two cross-compatible, predominantly autogamous and insect pollinated species. In 2003 and 2004, we estimated the rates of hybridization between L. sativa and...

Modelo de simulação para o Sistema de Corte, Carregamento e Transporte de cana-de-açúcar: um estudo de caso no Estado do Rio de Janeiro

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João José de Assis Rangel

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um modelo de simulação para o Sistema de Corte, Carregamento e Transporte da cana-de-açúcar (conhecido como CCT das frentes de corte até uma usina localizada no norte do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo do modelo foi analisar parâmetros do sistema, a partir do carregamento de cana-de-açúcar, sendo estes influenciados por operações de descarregamento na usina. Foi avaliado, então, o impacto do tempo de descarregamento da cana na usina e as suas implicações no sistema de corte, carregamento e transporte, considerando diferentes cenários.

Error de medición alrededor de los puntos de corte en el MBI-GS

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Manuel Fernández Arata

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Resumen En la calificación de los resultados del MBI-GS (Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey como de sus antecesores, se usan interpretaciones dimensionales, pero también puntos de corte para clasificar a los sujetos y diferenciarlos con respecto a la presencia del síndrome de burnout. Sin embargo, este uso está orientado al tipo de tests referidos a criterios, por lo que la estimación de la confiabilidad debe converger con este tipo de uso. El objetivo del presente estudio fue estimar la confiabilidad alrededor de varios puntos de corte en el MBI-GS (agotamiento emocional, eficacia profesional y cinismo, mediante el coeficiente K2 de Livingston. Los participantes fueron 741 sujetos de varias ocupaciones, provenientes de instituciones públicas y privadas de Lima y de otras ciudades. Previo a la obtención de la confiabilidad criterial, se verificó la unidimensionalidad, el modelo equivalente tau, la distribución y la bimodalidad de los puntajes. Se halló que los puntos de corte más extremos muestran mayor confiabilidad; que la confiabilidad se incrementa en relación al grado de extremidad de los puntajes; que el puntaje de agotamiento emocional obtiene mayor confiabilidad criterial y que cinismo obtiene la menor, pero todos los puntajes generalmente muestran buenas confiabilidades. Se discute el uso de los puntos de corte en relación a su validez y confiabilidad. Abstract In the rating of the MBI-GS results (Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey as its predecessors, we used dimensional interpretations, but also cut-off points for classifying and differentiating the subjects with respect to the presence of the burnout syndrome. However, this use is oriented to the type of tests relating to criteria so that the estimate of the reliability must converge with this type of use. The objective of this study was to estimate the reliability around various cutting points in the MBI-GS (emotional exhaustion, professional

In Vitro Propagation of Cannabis sativa L. and Evaluation of Regenerated Plants for Genetic Fidelity and Cannabinoids Content for Quality Assurance.

Science.gov (United States)

Lata, Hemant; Chandra, Suman; Khan, Ikhlas A; ElSohly, Mahmoud A

2016-01-01

Cannabis sativa L. (Marijuana; Cannabaceae), one of the oldest medicinal plants in the world, has been used throughout history for fiber, food, as well as for its psychoactive properties. The dioecious and allogamous nature of C. sativa is the major constraint to maintain the consistency in chemical profile and overall efficacy if grown from seed. Therefore, the present optimized in vitro propagation protocol of the selected elite germplasm via direct organogenesis and quality assurance protocols using genetic and chemical profiling provide an ideal pathway for ensuring the efficacy of micropropagated Cannabis sativa germplasm. A high frequency shoot organogenesis of C. sativa was obtained from nodal segments in 0.5 μM thidiazuron medium and 95 % in vitro rhizogenesis is obtained on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 500 mg/L activated charcoal and 2.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid. Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) and Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID) are successfully used to monitor the genetic stability in micropropagated plants up to 30 passages in culture and hardened in soil for 8 months.

GC-MS study of Nigella sativa (seeds fatty oil

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Mehta, B. K.

2002-06-01

Full Text Available The GC-MS study of N. sativa (seeds fatty oil revealed the presence of 26 compounds which were identified as methyl hept-6-enoate,1-phenylhepta-2,4-dione, pentadecane, hexadec-1-ene, 1-phenyldecan-2-one, octadec-1-ene, octadecane, methyl pentadecanoate, bis(3-chlorophenyl ketone, diethyl phthalate, ethyl octadec-7-enoate, methyl octadecanoate, tricos-9-ene, octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, methyl hexadecanoate, methyl octadec-15-enoate, henicosan-10-one, 2-methyl octadecanoic acid, docos-1-ene, ethyl octadecanoate, methyl octadecanoate, pentacos-5-ene,12-methyltricosane, dibutyl phthalate and 2-methyltetracosane.El estudio por GC-MS del aceite de la semilla de Nigella sativa reveló la presencia de 26 compuestos los cuales fueron identificados como: hept-6-enoato de metilo, 1-fenilhepta-2,4-diona, pentadecano, hexadec-1-eno, 1-fenildecan-2-ona, octadec-1-eno, octadecano, pentadecanoato de metilo, bis(3-clorofenil cetona, ftalato de dietilo, octadec-7-enoato de etilo, octadecanoato de metilo, tricos-9-eno, ácido octadeca-9,12-dienoico, ácido hexadecanoico, hexadecanoato de metilo, octadec-15-enoato de metilo, henicosan-10-ona, ácido 2-metil octadecanoico, docos-1-eno, octadecanoato de etilo, octadecanoato de metilo, pentacos-5-eno, 12-metiltricosano, ftalato de dibutilo y 2-metiltetracosano.

Estrés Materno y Configuración Familiar: Estudio comparativo en Familias Chilenas Monoparentales y Nucleares de bajos ingresos

OpenAIRE

Olhaberry, Marcia; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Farkas, Chamarrita

2012-01-01

Los estudios sobre estrés materno durante la crianza infantil han considerado variables contextuales para explicarlo. El nivel socioeconómico, así como la configuración familiar han sido variables relevantes, asociándose monoparentalidad en familias de bajos ingresos a mayores niveles de estrés materno. Se estudian los niveles de estrés materno en familias chilenas nucleares y monoparentales de N.S.E. bajo, considerando el estrés en distintas dimensiones, asociado al rol materno, a la interac...

The Effect of Essential Oil of Nigella sativa and Satureia hortensis on Promastigot Stage of Lishmania major

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KH Pirali-Kheirabadi

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background & aim: Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania. Traditionally, medicinal plants have been used for topical effects of leishmaniasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the essential oil of Satureia hortensis and Nigella sativa on the Leishmania major. Methods: In this experimental study, the effects of the plant’s essential oils and savory black beans on the Leishmania major form were studied. Evaluation was determined based on the average of Leishmania parasites form survival after exposure to different concentrations of herbs and chemical drugs MA dose at different intervals. For this purpose, different extracts with ratios of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, and 2% were added. Different groups of this study were kept in the same condition (incubated at 26 ° C. The parasites were removed from the incubator and the numbers of viable parasites were counted after 24hours. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Tukey test and GM. Results: There was a significant difference in reducing parasites on groups receiving Satureia hortensis and Nigella sativa with Glucantime (p <0.05. Conclusion: Due to the increasing drug resistance of Leishmania, plant oils such as Satureia hortensis and Nigella sativa could be used as an alternative treatment for controlling leishmaniasis. Key words: Essential oil, Leishmaniasis, Nigella sativa, Satureia hortensis

Effects of simulated acidic rain on yields of Raphanus sativus, Lactuca sativa, Triticum aestivum and Medicago sativa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Evans, L.S.; Gmur, N.F.; Mancini, D.

1982-01-01

Experiments were performed to determine effects to simulated acidic rain on radishes (Raphanus sativus), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) grown under greenhouse conditions. Experimental designs allowed the detection of statistically significant differences among means that differed by less than 10%. Simulated rainfalls of 2.5, 25, 63, 398, 100 and 2512 ..mu..eq H/sup +/ 1/sup -1/ (pH 5.6, 4.6, 4.2, 3.4, 3.0 and 2.6, respectively) decreased root yields (fresh mass) of radishes 26, 42, 37, 41, 66 and 73% compared with plants not exposed to rainfalls, Similar reductions were present in radish shoot fresh mass, leaf area, and root diameter. Fresh mass yields of lettuce plants exposed to 100, 794 and 1995 ..mu..eq H/sup +/ 1/sup -1/ (pH 4.0, 3.1 and 2.7, respectively) were 11, 10 and 14%, respectively, below heads of plants not exposed to rainfalls. Yields of plants exposed to simulated rainfalls of 2.0 ..mu..eq H/sup +/ 1/sup -1/ (pH 5.7) were similar to plants not exposed to rainfalls. Although visible foliar injury occurred to lettuce, this injury was present only on wrapper leaves and would not affect marketable quality. Yields of wheat which were applied during anthesis and caryopsis development were not influenced by exposure to 46 simulated rainfalls even as high as 1996 ..mu..eq H/sup +/ 1/sup -1/ (pH 2.7). Alfalfa plants exhibited no overall differences in fresh mass of forage among treatments even after 57 simulated rainfalls of 1996 ..mu..eq H/sup +/ 1/sup -1/ (pH 2.7) over 105 days. 22 references, 2 figures, 7 tables.

Bioassay Screening of the Essential Oil and Various Extracts of Nigella sativa L. Seeds Using Brine Shrimp Toxicity Assay

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Fariba Sharififar

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Background and Aim: Since cytotoxicity screening is the first step necessary for any new drug development, this study was designed to find out and compare the cytotoxicity effects of the essential oil and various extracts of Nigella sativa L. seeds using Brine Shrimp Lethality (BSL assay. Materials and Methods: Essential oils and various extracts of N. sativa were assessed by two methods of disk and solution of BSL. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS statistical package version 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, 250 USA. Data were processed in probit-analysis program to estimate LC50 values. Results: All of the tested fractions demonstrated more cytotoxicity in the solution method. Petroleum ether and chloroform extract of N. sativa showed the most cytotoxicity with LC50 values 7 and 21 μg/ml respectively; while aqueous and ethanolic had no significant cytotoxicity. Moreover, the GC/MS analysis of the essential oil of N. sativa showed the p-cymene (48.1%, α-thujone (14.38% and dihydro carveol (9.11% as the main compounds. Conclusion: These results suggest some limitation for using this spice in diet. Furthermore, this plant could be considered as a source of cytotoxic compounds which should be studied in details.

Effect of aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa on lead-induced ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

It is used in the manufacture of batteries, metal products, paints and other domestic substances. This study investigated the effect of aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa on leadinduced cerebral cortex toxicity in Long Evan's rats. Twenty five Long Evans rats divided into five groups of five animals were used for the study.

Detection of Alien Oryza punctata Kotschy Chromosomes in Rice, Oryza sativa L., by Genomic in situ Hybridization

OpenAIRE

Yasui, Hideshi; Nonomura, Ken-ichi; Iwata, Nobuo; 安井, 秀; 野々村, 賢一; 岩田, 伸夫

1997-01-01

Genomic in situ hybridization (GIS H) using total Oryza punctata Kotschy genomic DNA as a probe was applied to detect alien chromosomes transferred from O. punctata (W1514: 2n=2x=24: BB) to O. sativa Japonica cultivar, Nipponbare (2n=2x=24: AA). Only 12 chromosomes in the interspecific hybrids (2n=3x=36: AAB) between autotetraploid of O. sativa cultivar Nipponbare and a diploid strain of O. punctata (W1514) showed intense staining by FITC in mitotic metaphase spreads. Only one homologous pair...

bajo el bosque en Costa Rica. 1980-2000

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Rafael Ocampo

2007-01-01

Full Text Available La ipecacuana o raicilla, hierba nativa de América, es la única planta medicinal del trópico húmedo de Costa Rica cultivada bajo el bosque. Es cultivada en la región Huetar Norte, limítrofe con Nicaragua; la raíz seca de ipecacuana se ha comercializado en Costa Rica como materia prima para la industria farmacéutica internacional desde principios del siglo XX. De acuerdo con las estadísticas oficiales, las exportaciones de raicilla desde Costa Rica en los últimos 20 años han significado un promedio de 64 t año-1. Este trabajo resume actividades relacionadas con la descripción y cultivo de la planta, así como algunos de los aspectos agroecológicos de su cultivo.

"Spillover of interpersonal conflicts from work into nonwork: a daily diary study": correction to Martinez-Corts et al.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Martinez-Corts, I.; Demerouti, E.; Bakker, A.B.; Boz, M.

2015-01-01

Reports an error in "Spillover of Interpersonal Conflicts From Work into Nonwork: A Daily Diary Study" by Inés Martinez-Corts, Evangelia Demerouti, Arnold B. Bakker and Marina Boz (Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, Advanced Online Publication, Jan 19, 2015, np). There was a misspelling in

Diagnóstico inmunohistoquímico del dengue en cortes de parafina

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Ladys Sarmiento

1995-03-01

Full Text Available La demostración de antígenos de losvirus del dengue en tejidos de pacientes fallecidos por dengue hemorrágico y particularmente en aquellos casos en los que no se dispone de otras pruebas para confirmar la etiologíaviral, es una necesidad frecuente en nuestro medio. Por esta razón, estandarizamos una técnica inmunohistoquírnica para detectar antígenos de dengue en tejidos incluidos en parafina. Utilizamos anticuerpos antiflavivirus comúnmente usados para el diagnóstico serológico. Los antígenos empleados para estandarizar esta técnica incluyeron: 1 cerebros de ratón inoculados con los diferentes serotipos del dengue y con virus de la fiebre amarilla; 2 cortes de hígados de pacientes fallecidos con diagnóstico clínico de dengue hemorrágico, fiebre amarilla o hepatitis delta; y, 3 monocapas de c6lulas C6136 inoculadas también con los diferentes serotipos del dengue. Estos antígenos se enfrentaron a los anticuerpos antiflavivirus (fiebre amarilla o dengue preparados como líquidos ascíticos inmunes (MI de ratón, siguiendo procedimientos ya establecidos. Utilizamos LA1 preparados en el INS y LA1 suministrados por la OPS. Ladilución ideal de trabajocon la cual pudimos 0bse~alra presencia del antígeno, tanto en los tejidos como en las células, se obtuvo titulando los distintos LA1 frente a cortes de tejido desparafinado o frente a las c6lulas fijadas en etanol sobre la lámina de vidrio. Con los LA1 preparados en el INS, O ~ S ~ N ~ re~aOccSión cruzada entre todos los flavivirus, resultado que no se 0bseNó en los cortes de hígado con diagnóstico de hepatitis delta. Los resultados obtenidos con los MI de la OPS permitieron visualizar los antígenos virales más claramente y a diluciones más altas, sin la reacción cruzada entre el dengue y la fiebre amarilla. Sin embargo, la visualización de los mismos con los LA1 del INS es satisfactoria y con disponibilidad permanente. La reacción cruzada entre los virus del dengue y

Adubação orgânica e altura de corte da erva-cidreira brasileira Organic fertilization and cutting height of Lippia alba

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Maurício R.A. Santos

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se os efeitos da adubação orgânica e de alturas de corte em plantas de Lippia alba, quimiotipo limoneno-carvona, na produção de matéria seca foliar e de óleo essencial, no Nordeste brasileiro. As doses 0; 2 e 4 kg m-2 de adubo foram aplicadas em parcelas subdivididas em cortes de 15; 30 e 45 cm de altura, agrupadas em blocos casualizados. Foram realizadas colheitas aos 60 e 120 dias após o plantio. A adubação não influenciou significativamente as produções de matéria seca foliar e de óleo essencial. O corte a 45 cm de altura resultou na maior produção de matéria seca foliar. As maiores concentrações de óleo essencial foram obtidas nos cortes a 30 e 45 cm de altura.The effects of organic fertilization and cutting height on dry matter and essential oil production from leaves of Lippia alba, limonene-carvone chemotype, were evaluated in the Northeastern Brazilian Region. A split plot experiment was conducted with the organic fertilization (0; 2 and 4 kg m-2 as main plots and 15; 30 and 45 cm cutting height as subplots. First harvest was done 60 days and the second 120 days after planting date. Dry matter and essential oil production were not influenced by fertilization. Highest dry matter production was observed on 45 cm cutting height. Highest essential oil production was obtained on 30 and 45 cm cutting height.

CARACTERÍSTICAS MORFOGÉNICAS Y SU INFLUENCIA EN EL RENDIMIENTO DEL PASTO MOMBAZA, COSECHADO A DIFERENTES INTERVALOS DE CORTE

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Omar Ramírez Reynoso

2009-11-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el flujo de tejidos y rendimiento por corte del pasto Mombaza (Panicum maximum Jacq., cosechado a tres intervalos de corte (IC: 3, 5 y 7 semanas, durante un año, en las épocas de sequía (10-nov-2006 a 09-jun-2007 y lluvias (10-jun a 06-nov-2007. Los tratamientos (IC se distribuyeron en 12 parcelas de 17.5 m2, mediante un diseño de bloques completos al azar, con cuatro repeticiones. El IC de 3 semanas promedió mayor tasa de aparición de hojas (0.185 hojas tallo-1 d-1 durante el estudio (P

[Epiphytic algae from Bajo Pepito, Isla Mujeres, Quintana Roo, Mexico].

Science.gov (United States)

Quan-Young, L I; Díaz-Martín, M A; Espinoza-Avalos, J

2006-06-01

A total of 96 epiphytic algae species were identified from Bajo Pepito, Quintana Roo, México. 60.4% (58) belonged to the Rhodophyta, 19.79% (19) to the Phaeophyta, 16.6% (16) to the Chlorophyta and 3.1% (3) to the Cyanophyta; 49 species (50.5%) were found only in one month, while Heterosiphonia crispella was found in all of the sampled months. That species provided the largest contribution to the biomass of epiphytes. During January we registered the greater biommass and richness of epiphytes species, coincidently with high values of host species cover and rainfall.

Evaluation of a 13-loci STR multiplex system for Cannabis sativa genetic identification.

Science.gov (United States)

Houston, Rachel; Birck, Matthew; Hughes-Stamm, Sheree; Gangitano, David

2016-05-01

Marijuana (Cannabis sativa) is the most commonly used illicit substance in the USA. The development of a validated method using Cannabis short tandem repeats (STRs) could aid in the individualization of samples as well as serve as an intelligence tool to link multiple cases. For this purpose, a modified 13-loci STR multiplex method was optimized and evaluated according to ISFG and SWGDAM guidelines. A real-time PCR quantification method for C. sativa was developed and validated, and a sequenced allelic ladder was also designed to accurately genotype 199 C. sativa samples from 11 U.S. Customs and Border Protection seizures. Distinguishable DNA profiles were generated from 127 samples that yielded full STR profiles. Four duplicate genotypes within seizures were found. The combined power of discrimination of this multilocus system is 1 in 70 million. The sensitivity of the multiplex STR system is 0.25 ng of template DNA. None of the 13 STR markers cross-reacted with any of the studied species, except for Humulus lupulus (hops) which generated unspecific peaks. Phylogenetic analysis and case-to-case pairwise comparison of 11 cases using F st as genetic distance revealed the genetic association of four groups of cases. Moreover, due to their genetic similarity, a subset of samples (N = 97) was found to form a homogeneous population in Hardy-Weinberg and linkage equilibrium. The results of this research demonstrate the applicability of this 13-loci STR system in associating Cannabis cases for intelligence purposes.

Green Biodiesel Synthesis Using Waste Shells as Sustainable Catalysts with Camelina sativa Oil

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Yelda Hangun-Balkir

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Waste utilization is an essential component of sustainable development and waste shells are rarely used to generate practical products and processes. Most waste shells are CaCO3 rich, which are converted to CaO once calcined and can be employed as inexpensive and green catalysts for the synthesis of biodiesel. Herein, we utilized lobster and eggshells as green catalysts for the transesterification of Camelina sativa oil as feedstock into biodiesel. Camelina sativa oil is an appealing crop option as feedstock for biodiesel production because it has high tolerance of cold weather, drought, and low-quality soils and contains approximately 40% oil content. The catalysts from waste shells were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscope. The product, biodiesel, was studied by 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The effects of methanol to oil ratio, reaction time, reaction temperature, and catalyst concentration were investigated. Optimum biodiesel yields were attained at a 12 : 1 (alcohol : oil molar ratio with 1 wt.% heterogeneous catalysts in 3 hours at 65°C. The experimental results exhibited a first-order kinetics and rate constants and activation energy were calculated for the transesterification reaction at different temperatures. The fuel properties of the biodiesel produced from Camelina sativa oil and waste shells were compared with those of the petroleum-based diesel by using American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM standards.

Phytohormone profile in Lactuca sativa and Brassica oleracea plants grown under Zn deficiency.

Science.gov (United States)

Navarro-León, Eloy; Albacete, Alfonso; Torre-González, Alejandro de la; Ruiz, Juan M; Blasco, Begoña

2016-10-01

Phytohormones, structurally diverse compounds, are involved in multiple processes within plants, such as controlling plant growth and stress response. Zn is an essential micronutrient for plants and its deficiency causes large economic losses in crops. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the role of phytohormones in the Zn-deficiency response of two economically important species, i.e. Lactuca sativa and Brassica oleracea. For this, these two species were grown hydroponically with different Zn-application rates: 10 μM Zn as control and 0.1 μM Zn as deficiency treatment and phytohormone concentration was determined by U-HPLC-MS. Zn deficiency resulted in a substantial loss of biomass in L. sativa plants that was correlated with a decline in growth-promoting hormones such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), cytokinins (CKs), and gibberellins (GAs). However these hormones increased or stabilized their concentrations in B. oleracea and could help to maintain the biomass in this species. A lower concentration of stress-signaling hormones such as ethylene precursor aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) and also CKs might be involved in Zn uptake in L. sativa while a rise in GA4, isopentenyl adenine (iP), and ACC and a fall in JA and SA might contribute to a better Zn-utilization efficiency (ZnUtE), as observed in B. oleracea plants. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

BILL MUNDY THEORY, EFFECTIVE RAKE ANGLE CUTTING TOOLS IN COPPER ALLOYS TEORIA DE BILL MUNDY Y EL ANGULO EFECTIVO DE ATAQUE DE HERRAMIENTAS DE CORTE EN ALEACIONES DE COBRE

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Juan Miguel Godoy R

2007-08-01

Full Text Available Magazines like American Machinist and Manufacturing Engineering, have explained the Bill Mundy theory about the effective rake angle of cutting tools. These articles show the effective rake angle of cutting tools for carbon steel, steel , alloys, cast iron, aluminium and stainless steel. In the present work the theory is applied to cutting tools used in brass and bronze. The effective rake angle for these materials was obtained with the tensile stress test. The rake angles in the cutting tools were made in a Universal Grinding Machine Heiler. Finally, the power consumption was measured in a CNC Lathe. Tools with commercial rake angles from bibliography were compared with tools with the experimental effective rake angle obtained from the Bill Mundy Theory. The results show that the power consumption is about 10% lower for tools with the experimental effective rake angle.Revistas como American Machinist y Manufacturing Engineering, han explicado la Teoría de Bill Mundy y el ángulo efectivo de ataque en herramientas de corte utilizadas en aceros al carbono, aceros aleados, hierro fundido, aluminio y acero inoxidable. En este trabajo, esta teoría es aplicada a herramientas de corte usadas para latón y bronce y sus resultados son comparados con los ángulos de ataque recomendados por los fabricantes de herramientas de corte. El ángulo de ataque efectivo se obtiene del ensayo de tracción del material a ser mecanizado. Los ángulos de las herramientas fueron hechos en una máquina universal de afilar Heiler. El consumo de potencia fue medido en un torno CNC. El consumo de potencia con herramientas de corte comerciales con ángulos de corte recomendados por la bibliografía existente, fue comparado con las herramientas afiladas con el ángulo de corte efectivo obtenido a través de la teoría de Bill Mundy. Los resultados indican que el consumo de potencia es un 10% menor para las herramientas afiladas con el ángulo efectivo recomendado por la

New robust sensitive fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with PLSR for estimation of quercetin in Ziziphus mucronata and Ziziphus sativa

Science.gov (United States)

Hussain, Javid; Mabood, Fazal; Al-Harrasi, Ahmed; Ali, Liaqat; Rizvi, Tania Shamim; Jabeen, Farah; Gilani, Syed Abdullah; Shinwari, Shehla; Ahmad, Mushtaq; Alabri, Zahra Khalfan; Al Ghawi, Said Hamood Salim

2018-04-01

Flavonoids are natural antioxidants derived from plants and commonly found in a variety of foods to sequester free radicals. Quercetin, belonging to flavonol subclass of flavonoids, has received considerable attention because of its wide uses as a nutritional supplement as well as a phytochemical remedy for a number of diseases. In the current study, quantification of quercetin was carried out in two medicinally important flavonoid rich plant Ziziphus mucronata and Ziziphus sativa. Emission spectroscopy was utilized as a new method coupled with Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) and the cross validation was done by UV-Visible spectroscopy. The results indicated the higher quercetin content in Z. mucronata (1.50 ± 0.034%) than Z. sativa (1.21 ± 0.052%), and were further verified through Folin-Ciocalteu Colorimetric method (Z. mucronata; 1.41 ± 0.26% and Z. sativa; 1.13 ± 0.136%). In this study the sensitivity was explained in term of slope i.e. Slope = 0.9973.

Crystallization of Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) synthase from Cannabis sativa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shoyama, Yoshinari; Takeuchi, Ayako; Taura, Futoshi; Tamada, Taro; Adachi, Motoyasu; Kuroki, Ryota; Shoyama, Yukihiro; Morimoto, Satoshi

2005-01-01

Δ 1 -Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) synthase from C. sativa was crystallized. The crystal diffracted to 2.7 Å resolution with sufficient quality for further structure determination. Δ 1 -Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) synthase is a novel oxidoreductase that catalyzes the biosynthesis of the psychoactive compound THCA in Cannabis sativa (Mexican strain). In order to investigate the structure–function relationship of THCA synthase, this enzyme was overproduced in insect cells, purified and finally crystallized in 0.1 M HEPES buffer pH 7.5 containing 1.4 M sodium citrate. A single crystal suitable for X-ray diffraction measurement was obtained in 0.09 M HEPES buffer pH 7.5 containing 1.26 M sodium citrate. The crystal diffracted to 2.7 Å resolution at beamline BL41XU, SPring-8. The crystal belonged to the primitive cubic space group P432, with unit-cell parameters a = b = c = 178.2 Å. The calculated Matthews coefficient was approximately 4.1 or 2.0 Å 3 Da −1 assuming the presence of one or two molecules of THCA synthase in the asymmetric unit, respectively

Cannabis smoke condensate III: the cannabinoid content of vaporised Cannabis sativa.

Science.gov (United States)

Pomahacova, B; Van der Kooy, F; Verpoorte, R

2009-11-01

Cannabis sativa is a well-known recreational drug and, as such, a controlled substance of which possession and use are illegal in most countries of the world. Due to the legal constraints on the possession and use of C. sativa, relatively little research on the medicinal qualities of this plant has been conducted. Interest in the medicinal uses of this plant has, however, increased in the last decades. The methods of administration for medicinal purposes are mainly through oral ingestion, smoking, and nowadays also inhalation through vaporization. During this study the commercially available Volcano vaporizing device was compared with cannabis cigarette smoke. The cannabis smoke and vapor (obtained at different temperatures) were quantitatively analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In addition, different quantities of cannabis material were also tested with the vaporizer. The cannabinoids:by-products ratio in the vapor obtained at 200 degrees C and 230 degrees C was significantly higher than in the cigarette smoke. The worst ratio of cannabinoids:by-products was obtained from the vaporized cannabis sample at 170 degrees C.

Internalization of Murine Norovirus 1 by Lactuca sativa during Irrigation ▿

Science.gov (United States)

Wei, Jie; Jin, Yan; Sims, Tom; Kniel, Kalmia E.

2011-01-01

Romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa) was grown hydroponically or in soil and challenged with murine norovirus 1 (MNV) under two conditions: one mimicking a severe one-time contamination event and another mimicking a lower level of contamination occurring over time. In each condition, lettuce was challenged with MNV delivered at the roots. In the first case, contamination occurred on day one with 5 × 108 reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) U/ml MNV in nutrient buffer, and irrigation water was replaced with virus-free buffer every day for another 4 days. In the second case, contamination with 5 × 105 RT-qPCR U/ml MNV (freshly prepared) occurred every day for 5 days. Virus had a tendency to adsorb to soil particles, with a small portion suspended in nutrient buffer; e.g., ∼8 log RT-qPCR U/g MNV was detected in soil during 5 days of challenge with virus inoculums of 5 × 108 RT-qPCR U/ml at day one, but sativa. PMID:21296944

Atualização da proteína ideal para frangos de corte

OpenAIRE

Jéssica de Souza Vilela

2015-01-01

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho produtivo, o rendimento de carcaça e de cortes comerciais de frango alimentados com rações peletizadas contendo diferentes relações de valina/isoleucina durante as fases de crescimento e final (22 a 42 dias) desses animais. Foram utilizados 630 pintos machos de um dia de idade, da linhagem cobb 500. De 1 a 22 dias de idade, todas as aves receberam uma ração basal comum e aos 22 dias foram pesadas e distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente c...

La flexibilidad probatoria en el procedimiento de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos

OpenAIRE

Uribe, María Isabel

2012-01-01

En el proceso que se adelanta ante la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos se observan algunas particularidades que se manifiestan en: la libertad de prueba, la valoración de la prueba, la carga de la prueba y su práctica, que permiten establecer los hechos, no tanto a partir de la prueba empírica, sino con base en componentes de tipo pragmático, como las ficciones o presunciones o la llamada prueba circunstancial, lo cual lleva a preguntarse lo siguiente: ¿Es razonable y compatible con e...

Las Cortes y el mercado: normativa comercial en la Castilla bajomedieval (1252-1520)

OpenAIRE

García Díaz, Jesús

2016-01-01

¿Un estudio sobre la normativa comercial en la Castilla bajomedieval a través de las Cortes? La presente Tesis Doctoral es el resultado parcial de un gran Proyecto de Investigación que se gestó hace ya algunos años, y que tenía como objetivo principal el análisis del mercado en la Corona castellana durante los siglos finales de la Edad Media desde el punto de vista de su reglamentación normativa. Ya entonces comprobábamos c&oacu...

La modulación de sentencias como medio para articular la oportunidad política de la Corte Constitucional colombiana. El caso de las parejas del mismo sexo

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Juan Pablo Sarmiento E.

2012-01-01

Full Text Available En el marco de la trasformación que ha sufrido el régimen de derecho de familia hacia la inclusión de parejas del mismo sexo, la Corte Constitucional ha jugado un papel central y quizá solitario. En este artículo se analizan los principales fallos de la Corte Constitucional relativos a la unificación en el ámbito de protección a las parejas del mismo sexo, extrayendo de cada uno de ellos los elementos de creación jurisprudencial más relevantes. Con lo anterior se argumentará, entonces, que por medio de diversos instrumentos interpretativos, la Corte ha instrumentalizado sus fallos para ejercer su oportunidad política en dirección a la opinión prevalente por medio del condicionamiento de las sentencias de constitucionalidad.

Mecanismos de licuación y flujo de suelos granulares durante sismos

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Adolfo Alarcón Guzmán

1987-09-01

Full Text Available Una amplia evidencia experimental ha mostrado que vibraciones de pequeña amplitud producen una disminución progresiva del volumen en suelos granulares; ello ocurre aún en el caso de arenas densas que podrían dilatar durante carga monotónica o unidireccional bajo un cierto nivel de esfuerzos de confinamiento. Por tanto, cuando un depósito de arena saturada se ve sometido a las ondas de corte que se propagan durante un Sismo, la estructura de la arena tiende a densificarse. Sin embargo, como la duración de aplicación de los esfuerzos de corte cíclicos es, en general, muy pequeña en comparación con el tiempo necesario para que ocurra algún drenaje, la tendencia de la arena a disminuir de volumen durante cada ciclo se refleja en un incremento progresivo de la presión de poros (8,14. Esto produce una reducción continua del esfuerzo efectivo y consecuentemente una disminución en la resistencia al corte de la arena. Una disminución considerable de la resistencia puede conducir a fallas por corte, que en algunas ocasiones son de consecuencias catastróficas.

DNA barcoding of the vegetable leafminer Liriomyza sativae Blanchard (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Bangladesh

Science.gov (United States)

DNA barcoding revealed the presence of the polyphagous leafminer pest Liriomyza sativae Blanchard in Bangladesh. DNA barcode sequences for mitochondrial COI were generated for Agromyzidae larvae, pupae and adults collected from field populations across Bangladesh. BLAST sequence similarity searches ...

Enhancement of metal(loid)s phytoextraction by Cannabis sativa L

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Petrová, Šárka; Benešová, Dagmar; Soudek, Petr; Vaněk, Tomáš

2012-01-01

Roč. 10, č. 1 (2012), s. 631-641 ISSN 1459-0255 R&D Projects: GA MŠk 2B08058 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50380511 Keywords : phytoextraction * chelate * glutathione * Cannabis sativa L. * metal Subject RIV: DK - Soil Contamination ; De-contamination incl. Pesticides Impact factor: 0.435, year: 2012 http://www.isfae.org/scientficjournal/2012/issue1/pdf/environment/e0.pdf

Growth promotion of Lactuca sativa in response to volatile organic compounds emitted from diverse bacterial species.

Science.gov (United States)

Fincheira, Paola; Venthur, Herbert; Mutis, Ana; Parada, Maribel; Quiroz, Andrés

2016-12-01

Agrochemicals are currently used in horticulture to increase crop production. Nevertheless, their indiscriminate use is a relevant issue for environmental and legal aspects. Alternative tools for reducing fertilizers and synthetic phytohormones are being investigated, such as the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as growth inducers. Some soil bacteria, such as Pseudomonas and Bacillus, stimulate Arabidopsis and tobacco growth by releasing VOCs, but their effects on vegetables have not been investigated. Lactuca sativa was used as model vegetable to investigate bacterial VOCs as growth inducers. We selected 10 bacteria strains, belonging to Bacillus, Staphylococcus and Serratia genera that are able to produce 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (acetoin), a compound with proven growth promoting activity. Two-day old-seedlings of L. sativa were exposed to VOCs emitted by the selected bacteria grown in different media cultures for 7 days. The results showed that the VOCs released from the bacteria elicited an increase in the number of lateral roots, dry weight, root growth and shoot length, depending on the media used. Three Bacillus strains, BCT53, BCT9 and BCT4, were selected according to its their growth inducing capacity. The BCT9 strain elicited the greatest increases in dry weight and primary root length when L. sativa seedlings were subjected to a 10-day experiment. Finally, because acetoin only stimulated root growth, we suggest that other volatiles could be responsible for the growth promotion of L. sativa. In conclusion, our results strongly suggest that bacteria volatiles can be used as growth-inducers as alternative or complementary strategies for application in horticulture species. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Exploring the plant-associated bacterial communities in Medicago sativa L

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Pini Francesco

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Plant-associated bacterial communities caught the attention of several investigators which study the relationships between plants and soil and the potential application of selected bacterial species in crop improvement and protection. Medicago sativa L. is a legume crop of high economic importance as forage in temperate areas and one of the most popular model plants for investigations on the symbiosis with nitrogen fixing rhizobia (mainly belonging to the alphaproteobacterial species Sinorhizobium meliloti. However, despite its importance, no studies have been carried out looking at the total bacterial community associated with the plant. In this work we explored for the first time the total bacterial community associated with M. sativa plants grown in mesocosms conditions, looking at a wide taxonomic spectrum, from the class to the single species (S. meliloti level. Results Results, obtained by using Terminal-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP analysis, quantitative PCR and sequencing of 16 S rRNA gene libraries, showed a high taxonomic diversity as well as a dominance by members of the class Alphaproteobacteria in plant tissues. Within Alphaproteobacteria the families Sphingomonadaceae and Methylobacteriaceae were abundant inside plant tissues, while soil Alphaproteobacteria were represented by the families of Hyphomicrobiaceae, Methylocystaceae, Bradyirhizobiaceae and Caulobacteraceae. At the single species level, we were able to detect the presence of S. meliloti populations in aerial tissues, nodules and soil. An analysis of population diversity on nodules and soil showed a relatively low sharing of haplotypes (30-40% between the two environments and between replicate mesocosms, suggesting drift as main force shaping S. meliloti population at least in this system. Conclusions In this work we shed some light on the bacterial communities associated with M. sativa plants, showing that Alphaproteobacteria may

Evaluation of the plant growth-promoting activity of Pseudomonas nitroreducens in Arabidopsis thaliana and Lactuca sativa.

Science.gov (United States)

Trinh, Cao Son; Lee, Hyeri; Lee, Won Je; Lee, Seok Jin; Chung, Namhyun; Han, Juhyeong; Kim, Jongyun; Hong, Suk-Whan; Lee, Hojoung

2018-06-01

Pseudomonas nitroreducens: strain IHB B 13561 (PnIHB) enhances the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana and Lactuca sativa via the stimulation of cell development and nitrate absorption. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) enhance plant development through various mechanisms; they improve the uptake of soil resources by plants to greatly promote plant growth. Here, we used Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and Lactuca sativa to screen the growth enhancement activities of a purified PGPR, Pseudomonas nitroreducens strain IHB B 13561 (PnIHB). When cocultivated with PnIHB, both species of plants exhibited notably improved growth, particularly in regard to biomass. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated high expression levels of the nitrate transporter genes, especially NRT2.1, which plays a major role in the high-affinity nitrate transport system in roots. Moreover, enhanced activity of the cyclin-B1 promoter was observed when wild-type 'Columbia-0' Arabidopsis seedlings were exposed to PnIHB, whereas upregulation of cyclin-B also occurred in the inoculated lettuce seedlings. Overall, these results suggest that PnIHB improves A. thaliana and L. sativa growth via specific pathways involved in the promotion of cell development and enhancement of nitrate uptake.

Accumulation of heavy metals in Medicago sativa L. and Trifolium pratense L. at the contaminated fluvisol

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Jakšić Snežana P.

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Recently, heavy metals concentrations increased in some agricultural areas due to the consequences of anthropogenic impacts. The aim of this study was to determine the level of heavy metals (As, Cr, Ni and Pb in Medicago sativa L. and Trifolium pratense L. grown on fluvisol, in order to obtain information on safety of these nutrients. The total content of Pb, As, Cr and Ni in the samples of fluvisol was above the maximum allowable amount. The content of heavy metals in Medicago sativa L. and Trifolium pratense L. was below the critical and toxic concentrations in all samples originating from contaminated soil. It was concluded that the accumulation of heavy metals in plants did not depend only on the total content in soil, but also the affinity of the plant, and individual and interactive effects of various soil properties. No statistically significant differences in the accumulation of heavy metals between Medicago sativa L. and Trifolium pratense L were observed. It is necessary to further control of heavy metals in the investigated area, in order to prevent their entry into the food chain and provide healthy food.

Bases ósseas e musculares dos cortes comerciais da cauda de jacaré-do-Pantanal (Caiman yacare Daudin 1802

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S.I.S. Figueiredo

2015-06-01

Full Text Available A exploração comercial de jacaré-do-Pantanal (Caiman yacare constitui importante cadeia produtiva no Estado de Mato Grosso. As características nutricionais e representatividade na massa corporal de crocodilianos tornaram a região da cauda objeto de estudos morfofisiológicos, evolutivos e tecnológicos. Como inexiste a caracterização anatômica dos músculos e ossos que constituem os cortes comerciais dessa região, objetivou-se descrever os músculos e correspondentes bases ósseas da cauda. Na descrição óssea, foram utilizados um exemplar adulto e seis juvenis. Para caracterização muscular, 24 espécimes juvenis foram conservados em freezer e dissecados a fresco, em ambos os antímeros, para verificação de simetria de ocorrência, fixações musculares, relacões de sintopia, forma e arquitetura muscular. As vértebras caudais são procélicas, exceto a primeira da série, e possuem na superfície ventral do corpo áreas para articulação com os processos hemais, exceto a primeira e as quatro ou cinco últimas. Os cortes comerciais da região são o filé de cauda, composto pelos músculos semiespinhal caudal, longuíssimo caudal, ilioisquiocaudal, caudofemoral longo, transverso e profundo da cauda, enquanto o corte ponta de cauda é constituído pelos músculos longuíssimo caudal e ilioisquiocaudal, com as cinco ou seis últimas vértebras caudais.

Qualidade do corte basal de cana-de-açúcar efetuado por facas de diferentes angulações e revestimentos

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Murilo Aparecido Voltarelli

Full Text Available RESUMO A mecanização da colheita de cana-de-açúcar vem crescendo nos estados produtores, devido à necessidade de erradicação da queima pré-colheita em toda área canavieira até 2017. Todavia, o sistema de corte basal das colhedoras ainda se mostra ineficiente, interferindo diretamente na qualidade da matéria-prima e comprometendo a longevidade do canavial. Neste contexto, objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar os índices danos e de abalos causados às soqueiras de cana-de-açúcar por três modelos de facas utilizadas no corte de base das colhedoras, sendo duas facas revestidas com carbeto de tungstênio e outra sem revestimento, com diferentes angulações. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em faixas, com o número de repetições definidas em função do tempo e do modo de uso das facas. Foram utilizados como indicadores de qualidade as variáveis altura de corte, os índices de danos e de abalos das soqueiras. Os índices de danos e de abalos às soqueiras apresentam influência em função do modelo de faca utilizado. A maior qualidade da operação para o índice de danos e de abalos às soqueiras ocorre para as facas revestidas com ângulo de 13º.

Circe and other mythological allusions in the story and film of Cortázar

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Hugo Salcedo Larios

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The neat work of Julio Cortázar also included little known exercise dramatic theirs which constitutes a repertoire of several plays of his own, as well as some stories of best broadcasting, and whose thematic axis is fed myths Greek or Mesoamerican, some of which turned into screenplays. The purpose of this work is to mark a reference line in tone to the story his "Circe" from his book Bestiario, and in which the author worked as screenwriter.

Correlation between temperature and phenology prediction error in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Oort, van P.A.J.; Zhang, T.; Vries, de M.E.; Heinemann, A.B.; Meinke, H.B.

2011-01-01

For rice (Oryza sativa L.), simulation models like ORYZA2000 and CERES-Rice have been used to explore adaptation options to climate change and weather-related stresses (drought, heat). Output of these models is very sensitive to accurate modelling of crop development, i.e. phenology. What has to

con bajo peso al nacer

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Adriana Mora Antó

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación dio cuenta de la relación entre el estilo de funcionamiento familiar, los patrones de crianza y las edades de desarrollo evolutivo en niños, nacidos con bajo peso. El estudio descriptivo correlacional se realizó con 41 niños y sus madres, aplicándose cuestionarios sobre funcionamiento familiar, prácticas de crianza y desarrollo infantil. Los resultados señalaron la existencia de un funcionamiento familiar caracterizado por una cohesión amalgamada y una adaptabilidad caótica, una disciplina complaciente, falta de control y de límites claros en la díada madre-hijo. Se trataba de familias monoparentales, donde la temprana edad de concepción, el madresolterismo y el apoyo de la familia extensa eran constantes. Las edades evolutivas registradas indicaron un desarrollo inferior a la edad cronológica, en la mayor parte de los casos; sin embargo, éstas tendieron a ser superiores al compararlas con la edades reales de los infantes. No se encontró una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre la edad de desarrollo y los diferentes factores del funcionamiento familiar para algunos de los rangos de edad considerados; sin embargo, no se lo descartó por completo, especialmente en lo referente al optimismo familiar

Christopher Columbus, Hernando Cortes, and Francisco Pizzaro: A Qualitative Content Analysis Examining Cultural Bias in World History Textbooks

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Lillejord, Jebadiah Serril

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study is to investigate to what extent contemporary high school world history textbooks portray Christopher Columbus, Hernán Cortés, and Francisco Pizarro within the context of being "sacred," "profane," or someplace in between. To evaluate for existence of content bias this study employed qualitative…

Preferência de corte de Acromyrmex crassispinus (Forel, 1909) e Acromyrmex ambiguus (Emery, 1887) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) por diferentes espécies de eucaliptos em laboratório

OpenAIRE

Rosado, João Luis Osório; Loeck, Alci Enimar; Freitas, Deise Farias; Gonçalves, Michel Gonçalves de; Dröse, William; Cunha, Uemerson Silva da; Finkenauer, Elder

2014-01-01

A busca por novos métodos de manejo e controle de formigas-cortadeiras vem sendo enfoque de inúmeros estudos pelo país, impulsionada por aspectos econômicos e ambientais. O estabelecimento de espécies resistentes ou menos preferidas ao corte pode contribuir substancialmente neste sentido. Logo, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a preferência de corte entre as espécies Corymbia citriodora, Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus dunnii, Eucalyptus globulus e híbrido de Euc...

Camedóreas: nova opção para folhagem de corte.

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Gláucia M. Dias-Tagliacozzo

2007-06-01

Full Text Available O mercado para folhagem de corte é crescente no Brasil, entretanto, as técnicas utilizadas no processo da pós-colheita são pouco conhecidas. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar a caracterização física de três espécies de Chamaedorea (C. costaricana Oerst., C. microspadix Burret, C. seifrizii Burret e testar métodos de conservação pós-colheita para as mesmas. Após a caracterização física destas folhagens e durante o processo de senescência, verificou-se que para as folhas cortadas de Chamaedorea os parâmetros de avaliação devem ser brilho, perda de turgescência e mudança de cor das folhagens. Foram testadas soluções de condicionamento por 24 horas, contendo sacarose (0, 1, 2 e 4 % e ácido cítrico (200 mg L-1,entretanto, verificou-se que esse tipo de solução não teve efeito na conservação destas folhagens. Utilizou-se, também, spray de cera de carnaúba para evitar a perda de brilho e turgescência, contudo, esta não foi efetiva. Constatou-se que, C. costaricana e C. seifrizii podem ser armazenadas a 5 0C por 10 dias, e que está temperatura não foi adequada para a C. microspadix. Conclui-se que, as três espécies podem ser utilizadas para folhagem de corte, visto que, quando mantidas em água, têm grande durabilidade pós-colheita.

Molecular Diversity and Population Structure of a Worldwide Collection of Cultivated Tetraploid Alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp. sativa L.) Germplasm as Revealed by Microsatellite Markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Qiang, Haiping; Chen, Zhihong; Zhang, Zhengli; Wang, Xuemin; Gao, Hongwen; Wang, Zan

2015-01-01

Information on genetic diversity and population structure of a tetraploid alfalfa collection might be valuable in effective use of the genetic resources. A set of 336 worldwide genotypes of tetraploid alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp. sativa L.) was genotyped using 85 genome-wide distributed SSR markers to reveal the genetic diversity and population structure in the alfalfa. Genetic diversity analysis identified a total of 1056 alleles across 85 marker loci. The average expected heterozygosity and polymorphism information content values were 0.677 and 0.638, respectively, showing high levels of genetic diversity in the cultivated tetraploid alfalfa germplasm. Comparison of genetic characteristics across chromosomes indicated regions of chromosomes 2 and 3 had the highest genetic diversity. A higher genetic diversity was detected in alfalfa landraces than that of wild materials and cultivars. Two populations were identified by the model-based population structure, principal coordinate and neighbor-joining analyses, corresponding to China and other parts of the world. However, lack of strictly correlation between clustering and geographic origins suggested extensive germplasm exchanges of alfalfa germplasm across diverse geographic regions. The quantitative analysis of the genetic diversity and population structure in this study could be useful for genetic and genomic analysis and utilization of the genetic variation in alfalfa breeding.

The Hybridization Barrier between Herbaceous Medicago sativa and Woody M. arborea Is Weakened by Selection of Seed Parents

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Edwin Bingham

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Medicago sativa, alfalfa or lucerne, and M. arborea were considered reproductively isolated until recently. Then, in 2003, an alfalfa genotype was identified that produced a few seeds and progeny with hybrid traits after a large number of pollinations by M. arborea. A derivative of this alfalfa genotype also produced a low frequency of progeny with hybrid traits. Thus, the hybridization barrier was weakened by selection of seed parents. Hybrids from both events expressed traits from M. arborea and M. arborea-specific DNA bands, although more of the M. sativa genome was retained, based on the DNA results. Thus, there was chromatin elimination during embryogenesis, resulting in partial hybrids (hereafter hybrids. However, more than 30 hybrids with an array of M. arborea traits have been obtained thus far, and research continues on the nature of the hybrids. Traits have been genetically transmitted in crosses, and selected traits are in use for alfalfa breeding. This paper reviews the first hybrids and then focuses on further weakening of the hybridization barrier with the discovery of a more efficient hybridizer derived from crossing Medicago sativa subspecies, sativa, coerulea and falcata. This genotype was found to have reproductive abnormalities associated with its complex subspecies origin that are best described as hybrid breakdown. In effect, this subspecies derivative is a bridge-cross parent that consistently produces hybrids. Reproductive abnormalities in the bridge-cross parent are reported and discussed.

The Hybridization Barrier between Herbaceous Medicago sativa and Woody M. arborea Is Weakened by Selection of Seed Parents

Science.gov (United States)

Bingham, Edwin; Armour, David; Irwin, John

2013-01-01

Medicago sativa, alfalfa or lucerne, and M. arborea were considered reproductively isolated until recently. Then, in 2003, an alfalfa genotype was identified that produced a few seeds and progeny with hybrid traits after a large number of pollinations by M. arborea. A derivative of this alfalfa genotype also produced a low frequency of progeny with hybrid traits. Thus, the hybridization barrier was weakened by selection of seed parents. Hybrids from both events expressed traits from M. arborea and M. arborea-specific DNA bands, although more of the M. sativa genome was retained, based on the DNA results. Thus, there was chromatin elimination during embryogenesis, resulting in partial hybrids (hereafter hybrids). However, more than 30 hybrids with an array of M. arborea traits have been obtained thus far, and research continues on the nature of the hybrids. Traits have been genetically transmitted in crosses, and selected traits are in use for alfalfa breeding. This paper reviews the first hybrids and then focuses on further weakening of the hybridization barrier with the discovery of a more efficient hybridizer derived from crossing Medicago sativa subspecies, sativa, coerulea and falcata. This genotype was found to have reproductive abnormalities associated with its complex subspecies origin that are best described as hybrid breakdown. In effect, this subspecies derivative is a bridge-cross parent that consistently produces hybrids. Reproductive abnormalities in the bridge-cross parent are reported and discussed. PMID:27137379

Orthogonal cutting forces in juvenile and mature Pinus taeda wood Forças de corte ortogonal na madeira juvenil e adulta de Pinus taeda

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Raquel Gonçalves

2005-08-01

Full Text Available The distinct characteristics of juvenile and mature woods, which are observed particularly in softwoods, have an influence on processing due to their different mechanical resistance properties in relation to cutting operations. In the past, when most of the wood used industrially came from adult trees of natural forests, little importance was given to a distinction between different zones of the tree stem. At present, however, as the supply of mature trees with large diameters from native forests is constantly decreasing, the use of short-cycle trees has become a common practice, through the adoption of species that grow relatively fast, such as pines and eucalyptus. In both softwoods and hardwoods, juvenile wood cells are generally smaller and thinner than in mature wood, and this reflects on their density and mechanical resistance, which should have an effect on the cutting forces developed during processing. The main object of this research was to evaluate orthogonal cutting forces in juvenile and mature Pinus taeda woods. Cutting force magnitude differences were observed for those two regions of the trunk, with parallel cutting forces being 33.4% higher, on average, at the mature wood region for 90-0 cutting, and 12% higher for 90-90 cutting. This result is consistent with the distinct anatomical structures of the material, since the forces developed during machining depend directly upon its properties.As características distintas dos lenhos juvenil e adulto, existentes principalmente na formação das coníferas, influenciam na usinagem devido às diferentes propriedades de resistência mecânica ao corte. No passado, quando a maior parte da madeira utilizada industrialmente era proveniente de árvores adultas de florestas naturais, pouca importância era dada à diferenciação de zonas no tronco. Atualmente, no entanto, com o decréscimo constante do suprimento de árvores adultas de grandes diâmetros, provenientes de florestas nativas

Genetic transformation and analysis of rice OsAPx2 gene in Medicago sativa.

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Qingjie Guan

Full Text Available The OsAPx2 gene from rice was cloned to produce PBI121::OsAPx2 dual-expression plants, of which expression level would be increasing under stressful conditions. The enzyme ascorbate peroxidase (APX in the leaves and roots of the plants increased with increasing exposure time to different sodium chloride (NaCl and hydrogen peroxide (H(2O(2concentrations, as indicated by protein gel blot analysis. The increased enzyme yield improved the ability of the plants to resist the stress treatments. The OsAPx2 gene was localized in the cytoplasm of epidermal onion cells as indicated by the instantaneous expression of green fluorescence. An 80% regeneration rate was observed in Medicago sativa L. plants transformed with the OsAPx2 gene using Agrobacterium tumefaciens, as indicated by specific primer PCR. The OsAPx2 gene was expressed at the mRNA level and the individual M. sativa (T#1,T#2,T#5 were obtained through assaying the generation of positive T2 using RNA gel blot analysis. When the seeds of the wild type (WT and the T2 (T#1,T#5 were incubated in culture containing MS with NaCl for 7 days, the results as shown of following: the root length of transgenic plant was longer than WT plants, the H(2O(2 content in roots of WT was more than of transgenic plants, the APX activity under stresses increased by 2.89 times compared with the WT, the malondialdehyde (MDA content of the WT was higher than the transgenic plants, the leaves of the WT turned yellow, but those of the transgenic plants remained green and remained healthy. The chlorophyll content in the WT leaves was less than in the transgenic plants, after soaking in solutions of H(2O(2, sodium sulfite (Na(2SO(3, and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO(3. Therefore, the OsAPx2 gene overexpression in transgenic M. sativa improves the removal of H(2O(2 and the salt-resistance compared with WT plants. A novel strain of M. sativa carrying a salt-resistance gene was obtained.

Modificação do método de Bielschowsky-Gros para cortes em parafina

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José Fernandez

1958-03-01

Full Text Available É proposta uma modificação para o método de Bielschowsky-Gros a ser aplicado em cortes em parafina, utilizável no estudo de terminações nervosas centrais e periféricas. O método é de manipulação fácil e executável em poucas horas, ao contrário da grande maioria de métodos de impregnação em cortes de parafina. A impregnação é precedida de preparador e de mordente e seguida por viragem em ouro. O preparador utilizado é a solução de formol a 2% neutralizada com carbonato de magnésio, adicionada ou não a sonifeno a 1% O emprêgo do sonifeno tem a vantagem de permtir impregnar mais vigorosamente as fibras e terminações nervosas e evitar ao máximo a impregnação das fibras conjuntivas, oferecendo perfeita limpeza da preparação. O mordente é constituído por uma solução recente de nitrato de prata a 10% na qual os cortes permanecem por tempo variável, sendo aconselhável, para a coloração do plexo simpático fundamental, permanência prolongada (cêrca de uma hora. A impregnação é feita em solução de óxido de prata amoniacal preparada como o recomenda Bielchowsky (solução de nitrato de prata a 10% acrescida de amoníaco até completa dissolução do precipitado formado, podendo ser substituída, com idênticos resultados, pelas soluções propostas por Rio-Hortega, Foot, Arteta e Jabonero. A viragem em ouro é feita utilizando a solução aconselhada por Castro (uma gota de ácido acético para cada 10ml de solução de cloreto de ouro amarelo a 1/600. Os resultados obtidos com o método proposto são satisfatórios. Conseguiu-se impregnar com perfeição neurônios do gânglio de Gasser; nas preparações com sonifeno, as fibras nervosas e os prolongamentos celulares apareciam perfeitamente impregnados e a preparação oferecia limpeza absoluta. No apêndice cecal as terminações nervosas resultavam perfeitamente impregnadas, contrastando, principalmente quando foi empregado o sonifeno, com os elementos

An ecogeographic analysis of Oryza series Sativae in Asia and the Pacific

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Banaticla-Hilario, M.C.N.

2012-01-01

The non-cultivated speciesof the genus Oryza can provide a genetic arsenal of useful traits for improving the widely cultivated and consumed Asian rice (O. sativa). The diversity of these valuable plant resources must be well understood to ensure their effective in- and ex-situ

La potestad del Consejo de Seguridad para solicitar a la Corte Penal Internacional la suspensión de una investigación o de un enjuiciamiento

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Alma C. Borjas M.

2011-12-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo analiza la potestad concedida al Consejo de Seguridad por el Estatuto de Roma, establecida en su artículo 16, referida a la posibilidad de solicitar a la Corte la suspensión de una investigación o de un enjuiciamiento. En la práctica, ya se ha hecho uso de dicha facultad, pero en circunstancias que podrían considerarse cuestionables. Por ello serán objeto de análisis las resoluciones 1422 (2002 y 1487 (2003 del Consejo de Seguridad como manifestaciones del abuso de esta potestad. Para ello se tomarán como punto de referencia los requisitos que el Estatuto establece para el ejercicio de esta potestad; se advierte en estas resoluciones el incumplimiento de aquéllos. En este sentido, se constató la ausencia de la determinación de una amenaza a la paz y a la seguridad internacionales, requisito indispensable para el uso de los poderes de este órgano en el marco del capítulo VII de la Carta; la ausencia de un caso específico y el hecho de querer usar esta potestad como una forma de inmunidad general, como se advierte de la exclusión de los miembros de misiones de mantenimiento de paz de la jurisdicción de la Corte, entre otros aspectos. Por lo antes planteado, se expone la posibilidad que tendría la Corte de revisión judicial de las solicitudes de suspensión del Consejo. La Corte no está vinculada por la Carta de las Naciones Unidas y, en este sentido, no le es aplicable el contenido del artículo 25 de ésta, por lo que no existiría un límite legal para que la Corte revisara la conformidad de las peticiones del Consejo con el Estatuto e incluso con la Carta de Naciones Unidas.

Presidential Control of High Courts in Latin America: A Long-term View (1904-2006 Control presidencial de las cortes supremas en América Latina. Una mirada histórica (1904-2006

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Aníbal Pérez-Liñán

2009-07-01

Full Text Available In many Latin American countries the executive branch manipulatesthe composition of the Supreme Court, and judicial independence hasremained elusive. Because high courts can exercise judicial review and influencelower courts, incoming presidents often force the resignation of adversarialjustices or “pack” the courts with friends. One indicator of this problemhas been the high turnover among members of the high courts. In thispaper we offer systematic evidence to compare this problem across countriesand to place this issue in historical perspective. Our analysis covers 11Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, ElSalvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, and Uruguay between1904 and 2006. We model the entrance of new justices to the SupremeCourt as a function of “natural” (legal and biological factors, political conditionsempowering the president to reshuffle the Court, and institutionalincentives promoting executive encroachment on the judiciary. En muchos países de América Latina el poder ejecutivo manipulala composición de la Corte Suprema, y por ende la independencia del poderjudicial ha resultado difícil de alcanzar. Debido a que las cortes supremaspueden ejercer el control de constitucionalidad e influir en las cortes inferiores,los presidentes entrantes a menudo han forzado la renuncia de jueces adversoso han aumentado el número de miembros en la corte para nombrar a juecesamigos. Un indicador de este problema ha sido la alta tasa de recambio de losmiembros en las cortes. En este trabajo ofrecemos evidencia sistemática paracomparar este problema entre los países así como también para tratar el temadesde una perspectiva histórica. El análisis abarca 11 países de América Latina(Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala,Honduras, México, Panamá y Uruguay entre 1904 y 2006. Modelamos laentrada de un nuevo juez a la Corte Suprema como resultado de factores�

Enfermedad periodontal: ¿es factor de riesgo para parto pretérmino, bajo peso al nacer o preeclampsia?

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José Luis Castaldi

2006-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Evaluar si la enfermedad periodontal (EP constituye un factor de riesgo de parto pretérmino, bajo peso al nacer o preeclampsia y si hay alguna relación entre las formas clínicas de la EP y los resultados obstétricos mencionados. MÉTODOS: Estudio analítico, transversal y prospectivo de todas las mujeres que tuvieron su parto en el Hospital Dr. José Penna, de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina, entre el 1.º de febrero y el 18 de julio de 2003 y entre el 1.º de marzo y el 31 de mayo de 2004. A las mujeres que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión (ser mayor de 18 años, tener al menos 18 dientes, no ser diabética y que los hijos hubieran sobrevivido al parto se les practicó un examen odontológico en busca de hemorragia al sondaje, movilidad dentaria o inflamación gingival y se realizaron mediciones clínicas de la pérdida de inserción. Se calcularon las razones de posibilidades (odds ratios, RP con sus intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95% y se ajustaron los resultados por las variables "ser fumadora" y "tener anemia". RESULTADOS: Se registraron 2 003 nacimientos, correspondientes a 1 982 partos. Se excluyeron 420 (21,2% mujeres por no cumplir los criterios de inclusión o por no poder realizárseles el diagnóstico odontológico previsto. De las 1 562 mujeres evaluadas, 809 (51,8% presentaban alguna de las afecciones buscadas; de ellas, 274 (17,5% padecían EP grave y 535 (34,3% tenían gingivitis. En total, 149 (9,5% partos fueron pretérmino, en 161 (10,3% nacieron niños con bajo peso y en 157 (10,0% se presentaron casos de preeclampsia. No se observó asociación alguna entre la EP y el parto pretérmino (RP = 1,06; IC95%: 0,74 a 1,50, el bajo peso al nacer (RP = 1,05; IC95%: 0,74 a 1,47 y la preeclampsia (RP = 0,99; IC95%: 0,70 a 1,40. El riesgo de dar a luz un niño con bajo peso al nacer en el subgrupo de fumadoras de más de 10 cigarrillos diarios fue mayor en las que tenían enfermedad periodontal grave que

Chemical and biological studies of β-carotene after exposure to Cannabis sativa smoke

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Dulciana S. do Monte

Full Text Available Considering the increase in consumption of Cannabis sativa and the use of the compound β-carotene (BC as supplement, we investigated potential changes in the chemical and biological proprieties of BC after exposure to C. sativa smoke (CSS. Our results showed that the BC exposed to CSS underwent 98.8% degradation and suffered loss of its antiradical activity. The major degradation products identified were 3-hydroxy-2,4,4-trimethylpentyl2-methylpropanoate and (2-ethyl-3-hydroxyhexyl2-methylpropanoate compounds. These are found in higher levels in the exhalations of colorectal cancer patients and are similar to the toxic products associated with lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. In toxicological assays using micro-crustacean Artemia salina the BC was non-toxic, while the BC degraded by CSS had a toxicity of LC50 = 397.35 μg/mL. In Wistar rats, females treated with BC degraded by CSS (BCCSS showed whitish liver spots, alterations in liver weight and in bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels, and decrease in the number of leukocytes associated with atypical lymphocytosis. In male rats, there was an increase in the number of leukocytes when compared to the control group. In the histopathological analysis, the cortical region of the kidneys showed the presence of discrete amorphous eosinophilic material (cylinders in the lumen of the proximate and distal convoluted tubules. In general, the BC in contact with CSS undergoes chemical changes and exhibits toxicity to rats and Artemia salina. Keywords: Cannabis sativa smoke, β-Carotene, Toxicity, Degradation

Aproximación al concepto de fuentes del derecho internacional

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Marco Gerardo Monroy-Cabra

2010-03-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo hace un análisis de las diferentes fuentes del derecho internacional, bajo dos perspectivas, la primera, una visión clásica señalando las diferentes fuentes del artículo 38 del Estatuto de la Corte Internacional de justicia; y la segunda, señalando aquellas fuentes que, sin encontrarse en el artículo 38, han sido desarrolladas por la jurisprudencia  y la doctrina.

A natural product from Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa inhibits homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2), attenuating MPP+-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Guan; Zhu, Lingjuan; Zhao, Yuqian; Gao, Suyu; Sun, Dejuan; Yuan, Jingquan; Huang, Yuxin; Zhang, Xue; Yao, Xinsheng

2017-06-01

Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) is a conserved serine/threonine kinase, which regulate transcription, cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Previous evidences indicated that HIPK2 could be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting as a novel target for Parkinson's disease (PD) therapeutic development. Herein, gene microarray analysis was performed to verify the key regulatory function of HIPK2 in PD. (Z)-methylp-hydroxycinnamate (ZMHC, 7) with other eighteen compounds were isolated from Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa, growing in Bama Yao Autonomous County, one of the five largest longevity regions of the world. Intriguingly, ZMHC was identified to bind HIPK2 with high affinity through molecular modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Moreover, cell morphology, flow cytometry and western blot assay suggested that ZMHC inhibited HIPK2, which attenuated MPP + -induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. In conclusion, these findings discovered a natural product that inhibited HIPK2, and highlighted that ZMHC could be a potential precursor agent for future PD therapy. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Genetic analysis of yield and yield components in Oryza sativa x ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... inheritance of yield and yield components and to estimate the heritabilities of important quantitative traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Six generations viz., P1, P2, F1, F2, BCP1 and BCP2 of a cross between IET6279 and IR70445-146-3-3 were used for the study. Generation mean analysis suggested that additive effects had a ...

Coloração de cortes cozidos de frangos alimentados com urucum Coloration of cooked broiler cuts fed with annatto

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Marcia Nalesso Costa Harder

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Para atender às necessidades do mercado consumidor e, assim, agregar valor ao seu produto, a indústria avícola tem procurado formas de se ajustar a esse padrão. Sendo o urucum um excelente pigmentante, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento do corante na carne de frango cozida. Cem animais foram divididos em quatro grupos e tratados com 0; 1; 2; e 3% de urucum incluso na ração. Para avaliação da coloração dos cortes, foi utilizado o sistema Hunter Lab. Para o parâmetro L, os cortes de peito foram inversamente proporcionais aos cortes de coxa, diminuindo, conforme aumento da porcentagem de urucum para peito, e aumentando, para coxa. Para o parâmetro Croma, os cortes apresentaram comportamento semelhante, aumentando, conforme aumentou a porcentagem de urucum. Os demais parâmetros (a, b e Hue-Angle não tiveram diferenças significativas. Portanto, a utilização de urucum, com a intenção de aumentar a pigmentação da carne frangos, aumenta conforme aumenta a porcentagem de urucum na ração dos animais.The poultry industry has been making an effort to satisfy the needs of the consumers and to add value to their products. Since Annatto is considered an excellent color additive, the aim of this study is to evaluate its behavior in the cooked broiler meat. A hundred animals were divided into four groups and treated with 0; 1; 2, and 3% of annatto in the feed. For the evaluation of the coloration of the cuts, the Hunter Lab system was used. For the parameter L, the breast cuts were inversely proportional to legs cuts, decreasing with the increase of the annatto percentage for the breast cuts and increasing for the leg cuts. For the parameter Chroma, the cuts presented similar behavior, increasing with the increase of the annatto percentage. The other parameters (a, b, and Hue-Angle did not present significant differences. Therefore, the use of annatto to increase pigmentation in broiler meats increases with the

Adequação do ponto de corte do Ensaio Imunoenzimático para Leishmaniose Visceral à imunofluorescência indireta

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Alexander Amaral Medeiros

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Introdução: A Leishmaniose Visceral (LV está presente na maioria dos países tropicais e subtropicais. Estima-se que milhares de cães infectados são assintomáticos, mas constituem uma fonte de infecção para o vetor, fazendo-se necessário o emprego de testes sorológicos para a detecção da doença. Entretanto, a Imunofluorescência Indireta (IFI, considerada padrão ouro, só confirma cerca de 10% das mostras classificadas como reagente pelo ensaio imunoenzimático (EIE utilizado para triagem. Objetivo: observar a correspondência entre o teste de triagem e o confirmatório para LVC e realizar possíveis ajustes no ponto de corte do teste de triagem, otimizando recursos doslaboratórios. Métodos: Foram analisadas 1.336 amostras de sangue dessecado em papel de filtro, utilizando os kits de EIE e IFI distribuídos pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, seguindo as instruções do fabricante. O ponto de cortedo EIE foi calculado por uma curva ROC, tendo IFI como padrão. Resultados: Utilizando o ponto de corte do fabricante, o EIE classificou como reagentes 886 das 1.336 amostras (66,3%. Entretanto, apenas 142 (10% foram confirmadas por IFI. Após a aplicação do ponto de corte proposto, 507 (38% amostras submetidas à EIE apresentaram-se como reagentes. O teste apresentou sensibilidade de 98,59%, especificidade de 69,01% e precisão de 72,16%. Conclusão: A grande quantidade de amostras soro reagentes por EIE não confirmadas por IFI pode apresentar um custo extra aos laboratórios. A modificação do ponto de corte do teste de triagem pode ser uma boa estratégia para a diminuição dos custos de operação dos laboratórios públicos do País.

EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA ON NUMBER OF CYSTIC FOLLICLES IN LETROZOLE INDUCED POLYCYSTIC OVARIES IN MICE

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Noreen Anwar

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Objective: To observe the protective effect of Nigella sativa on number of cystic follicles in Letrozole induced polycystic ovaries in mice. Study Design: Laboratory based randomized control trial. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College in collaboration with National Institute of Health from Nov 2014 to Nov 2015. Material and Methods: Forty female BALB/c mice were selected and divided in four groups, each having 10 animals. Group A served as control and was given normal diet. Group B was given Letrozole at a dose of 1milligram/kilogram body weight. Group C was treated with Letrozole for eight weeks at a dose of 1milligram/kilogram body weight and Nigella sativa seeds powder at a dose of 10grams/kilogram body weight once daily starting at 22 day and continued up to eight weeks. Group D was treated with Letrozole for eight weeks at a dose of 1milligram/kilogram body weight and Nigella sativa oil at a dose of 4milliliter/kilogram body weight once daily starting at 22 day and continued up to eight weeks. Animals were dissected a day after last dose. Size, shape, color and consistency of ovary was observed. Right ovary was processed, embedded and stained for histological study. Number of cystic follicles were counted and noted. Results: Significant number of cystic follicles was observed in ovaries of animals of group B as compared to group A. While their number decreased significantly in group C and D as compared to group B. Conclusion: Nigella sativa seeds powder and its oil, both have a similar protective effect on histomorphology of ovary of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS in mice by decreasing the number of cystic follicles.

Desempenho de bezerros de corte alimentados com diferentes fontes protéicas associadas à silagem de sorgo colhida em duas alturas de corte Performance of beef calves fed with different protein sources associated with silage of sorghum harvested in two different heights

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Fernando Miranda Vargas Júnior

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Foram avaliadas três fontes protéicas (uréia - U, farinha penas - Fp e farelo soja - Fs associadas a duas silagens de sorgo (silagens de sorgo corte alto - SCA e corte baixo - SCB por intermédio do desempenho de bezerros de corte, confinados por 84 dias. Foram utilizados 36 bezerros mestiços (Charolês/RedAngus/Nelore, castrados, com cinco meses de idade e pesando em média 146,44 kg. Avaliaram-se o ganho de peso médio diário (GMD; o consumo de matéria seca expressos em kg/dia (CMS, percentagem de peso vivo (CMSPV e peso metabólico (CMSPM; e a conversão alimentar (CA. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado por intermédio de um fatorial 3x2. Houve efeito significativo na interação silagem versus fonte protéica para a variável GMD, com o maior GMD para SCAFp (1,61 kg/animal/dia versus a SCBFs (1,32 kg/animal/dia. Os demais parâmetros não diferiram estatisticamente quando analisada a interação ou isoladamente a silagem ou fonte protéica. A silagem de sorgo corte alto promoveu numericamente um maior GMD e CMS.Three protein sources (urea - U; feather meal - Fm; soybean meal - Sm associated to two sorghum silage (sorghum at high cutting - SHC; and sorghum at low cutting - SLC were evaluated by measuring beef calf performance, confined for 84 days. Thirty-six crossbred (Charolês/RedAngus/Nelore castrated calves, with five months of age and average weight alive on the 146.44 kg, were used. Average daily weight gain (DWG; the dry matter intake expressed in kg/day (DMI, percentage live weight (DMILW and percentage of metabolic weight (DMIMW and the feed : gain ratio (FGR were evaluated. The treatments followed a 3x2 factorial in a completely randomized design. There was significant effect in the interaction silage versus protein source for variable DWG, with the higher DWG for SHCFm (1.61 kg/animal/day versus SLCSm (1.32 kg/animal/day. The other parameters did not differ when the interaction or separately the silage or protein

Alumnos con Bajo Rendimiento Escolar, los blogs y el tutor de Primaria

OpenAIRE

Rico-Sánchez, Jesús David

2013-01-01

Teniendo en cuenta el problema que tiene el sistema educativo español con un índice muy elevado de fracaso escolar, se pretendió investigar concretamente sobre los alumnos del sexto curso de Primaria que presentan Bajo Rendimiento Escolar aprovechando los avances tecnológicos existentes en la actualidad y que han penetrado con gran fuerza en la sociedad. Por ello, el problema planteado en este trabajo es estudiar si el potencial motivador, comunicativo y utilitario del Edublog puede ayudar a ...

Involucramiento parental escolar en alumnos de bachillerato de alto y bajo rendimiento

OpenAIRE

Ortega Pierres, Susana; Andrade, Patricia; Vásquez Olmedo, Claudia Elena

2016-01-01

El Sistema Educativo Mexicano enfrenta problemas como bajo desempeño y reprobación, circunstancias que anteceden el abandono escolar, el cual se ubica como un fenómeno multicausal, en el que además de los diversos factores relacionados (personales, familiares, escolares, económicos sociales, etc.) se caracteriza por una tendencia a incrementarse conforme los alumnos avanzan en la escuela. De 100 alumnos que ingresan a primaria, 24 concluyen el nivel medio superior y de estos solo 14 concluyen...

Analisi dell’anisotropia microstrutturale in materiali compositi rinforzati con fibre corte

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D. Dreossi

2008-01-01

Full Text Available La microtomografia con luce di sincrotrone si è rivelata una tecnica particolarmente efficace per l’analisi della struttura risultante dalla distribuzione degli orientamenti assunti dalle fibre di rinforzo di compositi rinforzati con fibre di vetro. La ricostruzione dell'immagine tridimensionale ha consentito la visualizzazionedella distribuzione spaziale delle fibre all'interno della matrice polimerica anche nel caso di fibre di piccole dimensioni (diametro medio di 10 micrometri. E' stato quindi possibile misurare le differenze nell'orientamento delle fibre nei differenti strati di un campione utilizzando metodi basati sulla valutazione del Mean Intercept Length (MIL e del fabric tensor. La tecnica descritta è stata applicata a un campione di poliammide 6 rinforzato con il 30% di fibre corte di vetro ricavato da lastra.

Bases ósseas e musculares dos cortes comerciais do tronco de jacaré-do-Pantanal (Caimanyacare Daudin, 1802

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Sandra I.S. Figueiredo

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Resumo: O consumo de carne de jacaré-do-Pantanal tornou-se uma tendência de mercado e uma cadeia produtiva em ascensão no Estado de Mato Grosso, sendo 28,40% da carne comercializada nos últimos quatro anos oriundos do tronco. Estudos evolutivos, morfofisiológicos, ontogenéticos e tecnológicos foram desenvolvidos, mas não há descrição da musculatura e bases ósseas dos cortes comerciais. Objetivou-se descrever os músculos e correspondentes bases ósseas dos cortes filé de lombo, filé mignon e aparas. Na descrição óssea, utilizaram-se seis carcaças desossadas de exemplares juvenis de jacaré-do-Pantanal, além de um exemplar adulto, obtido por doação após óbito, do Zoológico da UFMT. Os ossos foram macerados em água corrente, clareados e descritos. Para a descrição muscular, 24 exemplares juvenis foram abatidos e esfolados, conservados em freezer e descongelados quando utilizados, sem qualquer fixação. Após a evisceração, foram dissecados em ambos os antímeros. Os músculos semiespinhal, longuíssimo e iliocostal, fixados nas vértebras e costelas torácicas, lombares e sacrais, formam o filé de lombo. O corte aparas é constituído pelos músculos grande dorsal, serrátil, peitoral e abdominais (oblíquo externo, oblíquo interno, transverso e reto, cuja base óssea corresponde as costelas torácicas, lombares e sacrais, a gastrália, o esterno e o epipúbis. Por sua vez, o m. puboisquiofemoral interno cranial, localizado na região sublombar e o m. troncocaudal, da superfície ventral da pelve, compreendem o filé mignon.

Exigência de valina e isoleucina para codornas de corte no período de um a 14 dias e de 15 a 35 dias de idade

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E. Batista

2016-08-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, com o objetivo de estimar a exigência de valina e isoleucina digestível para codornas de corte em crescimento. No experimento 1, foram utilizadas 2.160 codornas de corte de um dia de idade, não sexadas, distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com arranjo fatorial 4x4, sendo quatro níveis de valina digestível (0,90, 1,10, 1,30 e 1,50% e quatro níveis de isoleucina digestível (0,80, 1,00, 1,20 e 1,40%, totalizando 16 tratamentos, com três repetições e 45 codornas por unidade experimental. O peso corporal, o ganho de peso e a biomassa corporal acumulada aumentaram linearmente em função dos níveis de valina digestível e foram influenciados de forma quadrática, estimando 1,38% de isoleucina digestível. No experimento 2, foram utilizadas 1.440 codornas de corte não sexadas, distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com arranjo fatorial 4x4, sendo quatro níveis de valina digestível (0,82, 1,02, 1,22 e 1,42% e quatro níveis de isoleucina digestível (0,73, 0,93, 1,13 e 1,33%, totalizando 16 tratamentos, com três repetições e 30 codornas por unidade experimental. O desempenho de codornas de corte, no período de 15 a 35 dias de idade, não foi influenciado pelo aumento dos níveis de valina e isoleucina digestível nas rações experimentais. Conclui-se que as exigências de valina e isoleucina digestível para o máximo desempenho de codornas de corte, no período de um a 14 dias de idade, foram de 1,50% e 1,38%, respectivamente, correspondendo às relações valina:lisina de 95% e isoleucina:lisina de 88%. Os menores níveis avaliados, no período de 15 a 35 dias de idade, de 0,82% de valina digestível e de 0,73% de isoleucina digestível, correspondendo às relações valina:lisina de 52% e isoleucina: lisina de 46%, foram suficientes para satisfazer as exigências nutricionais das codornas de corte sem comprometer o desempenho.

Ability of phytoremediation for absorption of strontium and cesium from soils using Cannabis sativa

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Parisa Seyed Hoseini

2012-01-01

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that strontium can be absorbed by Cannabis sativa, with the highest absorption by the roots, stems, and leaves. However, cesium does not reach the plant because of its single capacity and inactive complex formation.

The draft genome and transcriptome of Cannabis sativa.

Science.gov (United States)

van Bakel, Harm; Stout, Jake M; Cote, Atina G; Tallon, Carling M; Sharpe, Andrew G; Hughes, Timothy R; Page, Jonathan E

2011-10-20

Cannabis sativa has been cultivated throughout human history as a source of fiber, oil and food, and for its medicinal and intoxicating properties. Selective breeding has produced cannabis plants for specific uses, including high-potency marijuana strains and hemp cultivars for fiber and seed production. The molecular biology underlying cannabinoid biosynthesis and other traits of interest is largely unexplored. We sequenced genomic DNA and RNA from the marijuana strain Purple Kush using shortread approaches. We report a draft haploid genome sequence of 534 Mb and a transcriptome of 30,000 genes. Comparison of the transcriptome of Purple Kush with that of the hemp cultivar 'Finola' revealed that many genes encoding proteins involved in cannabinoid and precursor pathways are more highly expressed in Purple Kush than in 'Finola'. The exclusive occurrence of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase in the Purple Kush transcriptome, and its replacement by cannabidiolic acid synthase in 'Finola', may explain why the psychoactive cannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is produced in marijuana but not in hemp. Resequencing the hemp cultivars 'Finola' and 'USO-31' showed little difference in gene copy numbers of cannabinoid pathway enzymes. However, single nucleotide variant analysis uncovered a relatively high level of variation among four cannabis types, and supported a separation of marijuana and hemp. The availability of the Cannabis sativa genome enables the study of a multifunctional plant that occupies a unique role in human culture. Its availability will aid the development of therapeutic marijuana strains with tailored cannabinoid profiles and provide a basis for the breeding of hemp with improved agronomic characteristics.

Heuristica de dos-etapas para el problema de corte de piezas con guillotinado bidimensional

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Juan Gabriel Correa Medina

2014-08-01

Full Text Available En un ambiente altamente competitivo, el problema de corte de guillotina bidimensional es un elemento clave en la reducción de costos. Este problema tiene una amplia gama de aplicaciones en industrias cuyos procesos de corte de materiales se realizan con máquinas que sólo permiten cortes de un extremo a otro. En este trabajo se presenta un algoritmo de dos etapas usando metaheurísticas para acomodar en una sola placa de ancho conocido y longitud infinita, un conjunto de ítems rectangulares fuertemente heterogéneos que pueden ser rotados 90°. El objetivo es minimizar la longitud requerida de la placa procurando la acumulación del desperdicio. En la primera etapa se aplica un algoritmo de búsqueda tabú para determinar el orden en que se acomodan los ítems. En la segunda, se busca determinar el mejor acomodo de los ítems en la placa mediante un algoritmo de recocido simulado. Se experimenta con un conjunto de instancias conocidas. Los resultados muestran que la rotación de piezas favorece la obtención de soluciones que igualan al menos las reportadas previamente en la literatura y que la concentración de los desperdicios incrementa su posibilidad de reutilización. Into a highly competitive environment, two-dimensional guillotine’s cut problem is an elementary key to cost reduction. This problem has a wide variety of applications into factories related to processes material cut. Cuts are done by machines which cut from one edge to other. A two stage algorithm is shown to place a finite set of items in a single plate with a known width and infinite length, using metaheuristics. All items are rectangular, mostly are distinct itself and each one can only be rotated 90 degrees at once. Main objective is minimization of length required by plate and waste accumulation were compacted as much as possible. First stage determines the order from items placed by using a tabu search algorithm. Second stage tries improving the order previous

Riesgos y consecuencias de las prácticas sexuales en adolescentes bajo los efectos de alcohol y otras drogas

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Guillermo Castaño Pérez

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: la sexualidad, y el consumo de alcohol y drogas en los adolescentes, figuran en la actualidad como uno de los asuntos con mayor prioridad para la salud pública. La preocupación radica en reducir los riesgos de infecciones de transmisión sexual, el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana y los embarazos tempranos no deseados. Objetivo: analizar las prácticas sexuales bajo el efecto de alcohol y otras drogas, y los riesgos que esto implica, en los adolescentes de la ciudad de Medellín. Métodos: la muestra se estableció mediante método probabilístico aleatorio y por conglomerados. El universo correspondió al número total de estudiantes matriculados en colegios públicos y privados de la ciudad de Medellín de 8vo., 9no., 10mo. y 11no. grados, en el año 2010 (91 857 estudiantes con edades comprendidas entre los 14 y 17 años. El tamaño muestral incluido fue de 955 estudiantes usando un intervalo de confianza de 95. Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo, transversal para conocer las prácticas sexuales bajo el efecto de alcohol u otras drogas, y los riesgos que corren los adolescentes. Se establecieron frecuencias, porcentajes y asociaciones estadísticas con el programa SPSS, versión 19.0 Resultados: consumir alcohol u otras drogas y tener prácticas sexuales presenta una asociación estadística significativa (p= 0,000. El 62,4 % de los adolescentes que han consumido una sustancia psicoactiva, han tenido relaciones sexuales, frente a un 29,4 % que, habiendo consumido alcohol y otras drogas, no lo han hecho. El alcohol es la droga más usada (79,8 %. Le siguen la marihuana (31,83 %, poppers (8,97 %, la cocaína (7,75 % y el éxtasis (5,71 %. Las prácticas sexuales más frecuentes bajo el efecto de sustancias psicoactivas son las exploratorias (manoseo, caricias, para un 71,02 %, seguida de la penetrativa vaginal (63,67 %, el sexo oral (45,30 % y la masturbación (19,59 %. De los adolescentes que tienen prácticas sexuales (N

Developmental and internal validation of a novel 13 loci STR multiplex method for Cannabis sativa DNA profiling.

Science.gov (United States)

Houston, Rachel; Birck, Matthew; Hughes-Stamm, Sheree; Gangitano, David

2017-05-01

Marijuana (Cannabis sativa L.) is a plant cultivated and trafficked worldwide as a source of fiber (hemp), medicine, and intoxicant. The development of a validated method using molecular techniques such as short tandem repeats (STRs) could serve as an intelligence tool to link multiple cases by means of genetic individualization or association of cannabis samples. For this purpose, a 13 loci STR multiplex method was developed, optimized, and validated according to relevant ISFG and SWGDAM guidelines. The STR multiplex consists of 13 previously described C. sativa STR loci: ANUCS501, 9269, 4910, 5159, ANUCS305, 9043, B05, 1528, 3735, CS1, D02, C11, and H06. A sequenced allelic ladder consisting of 56 alleles was designed to accurately genotype 101 C. sativa samples from three seizures provided by a U.S. Customs and Border Protection crime lab. Using an optimal range of DNA (0.5-1.0ng), validation studies revealed well-balanced electropherograms (inter-locus balance range: 0.500-1.296), relatively balanced heterozygous peaks (mean peak height ratio of 0.83 across all loci) with minimal artifacts and stutter ratio (mean stutter of 0.021 across all loci). This multi-locus system is relatively sensitive (0.13ng of template DNA) with a combined power of discrimination of 1 in 55 million. The 13 STR panel was found to be species specific for C. sativa; however, non-specific peaks were produced with Humulus lupulus. The results of this research demonstrate the robustness and applicability of this 13 loci STR system for forensic DNA profiling of marijuana samples. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Uptake and effects of a mixture of widely used therapeutic drugs in Eruca sativa L. and Zea mays L. plants.

Science.gov (United States)

Marsoni, Milena; De Mattia, Fabrizio; Labra, Massimo; Bruno, Antonia; Bracale, Marcella; Vannini, Candida

2014-10-01

Pharmaceutically active compounds (PACs) are continuously dispersed into the environment due to human and veterinary use, giving rise to their potential accumulation in edible plants. In this study, Eruca sativa L. and Zea mays L. were selected to determine the potential uptake and accumulation of eight different PACs (Salbutamol, Atenolol, Lincomycin, Cyclophosphamide, Carbamazepine, Bezafibrate, Ofloxacin and Ranitidine) designed for human use. To mimic environmental conditions, the plants were grown in pots and irrigated with water spiked with a mixture of PACs at concentrations found in Italian wastewaters and rivers. Moreover, 10× and 100× concentrations of these pharmaceuticals were also tested. The presence of the pharmaceuticals was tested in the edible parts of the plants, namely leaves for E. sativa and grains for Z. mays. Quantification was performed by liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC/MS/MS). In the grains of 100× treated Z. mays, only atenolol, lincomycin and carbamazepine were above the limit of detection (LOD). At the same concentration in E. sativa plants the uptake of all PACs was >LOD. Lincomycin and oflaxacin were above the limit of quantitation in all conditions tested in E. sativa. The results suggest that uptake of some pharmaceuticals from the soil may indeed be a potential transport route to plants and that these environmental pollutants can reach different edible parts of the selected crops. Measurements of the concentrations of these pharmaceuticals in plant materials were used to model potential adult human exposure to these compounds. The results indicate that under the current experimental conditions, crops exposed to the selected pharmaceutical mixture would not have any negative effects on human health. Moreover, no significant differences in the growth of E. sativa or Z. mays plants irrigated with PAC-spiked vs. non-spiked water were observed. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Recent research on inherent molecular structure, physiochemical properties, and bio-functions of food and feed-type Avena sativa oats and processing-induced changes revealed with molecular microspectroscopic techniques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prates, Luciana Louzada [Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Yu, Peiqiang [Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

2017-05-16

Avena sativa oat is a cereal widely used as human food and livestock feed. However, the low metabolized energy and the rapid rumen degradations of protein and starch have limited the use of A. sativa oat grains. To overcome this disadvantage, new A. sativa oat varieties have been developed. Additionally, heat-related processing has been performed to decrease the degradation rate and improve the absorption of amino acids in the small intestine. The nutritive value is reflected by both chemical composition and inherent molecular structure conformation. However, the traditional wet chemical analysis is not able to detect the inherent molecular structures within an intact tissue. The advanced synchrotron-radiation and globar-based molecular microspectroscopy have been developed recently and applied to study internal molecular structures and the processing induced structure changes in A. sativa oats and reveal how molecular structure changes in relation to nutrient availability. This review aimed to obtain the recent information regarding physiochemical properties, molecular structures, metabolic characteristics of protein, and the heat-induced changes in new A. sativa oat varieties. The use of the advanced vibrational molecular spectroscopy was emphasized, synchrotron- and globar-based (micro)spectroscopy, to reveal the inherent structure of A. sativa oats at cellular and molecular levels and to reveal the heat processing effect on the degradation characteristics and the protein molecular structure in A. sativa oats. The relationship between nutrient availability and protein molecular inherent structure was also presented. Information described in this review gives better insight in the physiochemical properties, molecular structure, and the heat-induced changes in A. sativa oat detected with advanced molecular spectroscopic techniques in combinination with conventional nutrition study techniques.

Efeito de promotores de crescimento alternativos no desempenho e no custo de produção de frangos de corte

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Patrícia Tomazini Medeiros

2009-06-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2009v22n3p157 Com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho e o custo de produção de frangos de corte, foram testados probióticos e prebióticos como promotores de crescimento alternativos aos antimicrobianos (colistina/avilamicina, na ração de 6.450 pintos de corte, machos, da linhagem Cobb, criados de 1 a 42 dias de idade, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualisado, formado por oito tratamentos de rações experimentais, com 13 – 17 repetições de 50 aves cada por tratamento. Os probióticos foram o Bacillus subtilis em diferentes concentrações e/ou recomendação de uso, uma mistura de Saccharomyces cerevisiae mais Aspergillus oryzae ou um prebiótico composto de mananoligossacarídeos (MOS adicionados em uma ração inicial e outra de crescimento comum a todos os tratamentos. Não se verificou diferenças significativas na conversão alimentar entre tratamentos. Entretanto, o peso médio dos animais que receberam Bacillus subtilis (1,6 x 109CFU/g ou uma mistura de probióticos foi maior ou semelhante ao peso das aves alimentadas com os antimicrobianos. Conclui-se que é possível substituir os antimicrobianos utilizados, pelos probióticos avaliados como promotores de crescimento sem prejuízos no desempenho e no custo de produção de frangos de corte.

La Corte Europea de Derechos Humanos y la protección de la autonomía de las comunidades religiosas: análisis del caso Sindicatul Pãstorul cel Bun con Rumania

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Stéphanie Wattier

2014-06-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo analiza la sentencia dictada por la Gran Sala de la Corte Europea de Derechos Humanos, en el caso Sindicatul Pãstorul cel Bun con Rumania de 9 de julio de 2013. La autora examina el razonamiento de la Corte Europea y describe la forma en que se ha concebido la relación entre la libertad religiosa y la libertad de asociación en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Estrasburgo. A partir de este análisis, concluye que actualmente no existe un modelo europeo de relaciones entre el Estado y las confesiones religiosas, lo que ha llevado a la Corte Europea a aplicar con mayor laxitud el margen de apreciación nacional.

Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

BIOTECH

2013-10-16

Oct 16, 2013 ... of culture. The regenerated plantlets were transferred to pots for acclimatization. About 80% of plants were survived in the greenhouse condition. Key words: Somatic embryogenesis, immature zygotic embryos, Indica rice, plant regeneration. INTRODUCTION. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most ...

Yield QTL analysis of Oryza sativa x O. glumaepatula introgression lines

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Priscila Nascimento Rangel

2013-03-01

Full Text Available The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield performance of two generations (BC2F2 and BC2F9 of introgression lines developed from the interspecific cross between Oryza sativa and O. glumaepatula, and to identify the SSR markers associated to yield. The wild accession RS‑16 (O. glumaepatula was used as donor parent in the backcross with the high yielding cultivar Cica‑8 (O. sativa. A set of 114 BC2F1 introgression lines was genotyped with 141 polymorphic SSR loci distributed across the whole rice genome. Molecular analysis showed that in average 22% of the O. glumaepatula genome was introgressed into BC2F1 generation. Nine BC2F9 introgression lines had a significantly higher yield than the genitor Cica‑8, thus showing a positive genome interaction among cultivated rice and the wild O. glumaepatula. Seven QTL were identified in the overall BC2F2, with one marker interval (4879‑EST20 of great effect on yield. The alleles with positive effect on yield came from the cultivated parent Cica‑8.

Resíduo seco de fecularia na alimentação de frangos de corte suplementados ou não com carboidrases

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Jomara Broch

2017-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a inclusão do resíduo seco de fecularia (RSF com ou sem a suplementação de carboidrases sobre o desempenho, o rendimento de carcaça, cortes e órgãos, parâmetros sanguíneos e qualidade da carne de frangos de corte. As aves foram distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2x5, constituído da combinação da adição ou não de carboidrases e cinco níveis de inclusão de RSF, resultando em 10 tratamentos, com cinco repetições e 22 aves cada. Aos 21 dias de idade, duas aves por unidade experimental foram mantidas em jejum por 6 horas, para coleta de sangue via punção braquial. Aos 42 dias de idade, quatro aves por unidade experimental foram abatidas para determinação do rendimento de carcaça, cortes, órgãos, porcentagem de gordura abdominal e avaliação da qualidade da carne. No período de 1 a 21 dias de idade houve interação (P0,05 pela inclusão do RSF e adição ou não de carboidrases. A perda por cocção foi influenciada (P0,05 pelos níveis do RSF e adição ou não de carboidrases. A variável de cor b* apresentou um decréscimo (P<0,05 a partir do nível de 5% de inclusão. O RSF pode ser utilizado nas dietas de frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias de idade até o nível avaliado de 10%, desde que associado ao uso de carboidrases.

Development and validation of cross-transferable and polymorphic DNA markers for detecting alien genome introgression in Oryza sativa from Oryza brachyantha.

Science.gov (United States)

Ray, Soham; Bose, Lotan K; Ray, Joshitha; Ngangkham, Umakanta; Katara, Jawahar L; Samantaray, Sanghamitra; Behera, Lambodar; Anumalla, Mahender; Singh, Onkar N; Chen, Meingsheng; Wing, Rod A; Mohapatra, Trilochan

2016-08-01

African wild rice Oryza brachyantha (FF), a distant relative of cultivated rice Oryza sativa (AA), carries genes for pests and disease resistance. Molecular marker assisted alien gene introgression from this wild species to its domesticated counterpart is largely impeded due to the scarce availability of cross-transferable and polymorphic molecular markers that can clearly distinguish these two species. Availability of the whole genome sequence (WGS) of both the species provides a unique opportunity to develop markers, which are cross-transferable. We observed poor cross-transferability (~0.75 %) of O. sativa specific sequence tagged microsatellite (STMS) markers to O. brachyantha. By utilizing the genome sequence information, we developed a set of 45 low cost PCR based co-dominant polymorphic markers (STS and CAPS). These markers were found cross-transferrable (84.78 %) between the two species and could distinguish them from each other and thus allowed tracing alien genome introgression. Finally, we validated a Monosomic Alien Addition Line (MAAL) carrying chromosome 1 of O. brachyantha in O. sativa background using these markers, as a proof of concept. Hence, in this study, we have identified a set molecular marker (comprising of STMS, STS and CAPS) that are capable of detecting alien genome introgression from O. brachyantha to O. sativa.

Curvas de absorción-extracción mineral bajo un sistema aeropónico para crisantemo blanco (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat. Kitam. cv. Atlantis White

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Faber de Jesús Chica-Toro

2018-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio se centró en la construcción de las curvas de absorción-extracción bajo un sistema aeropónico para D. grandiflorum cv. Atlantis White y así plantear los periodos de máxima y mínima acumulación de nutrientes de las biomasas aérea, radical y total. El ciclo vegetativo de la planta, medido desde el día de trasplante (ddt al sistema aeropónico y el día de inicio de corte, duró 49 días. Las evaluaciones se realizaron cada semana sobre plantas en competencia absoluta. Para el promedio de la biomasa aérea se tomaron tres repeticiones, para la biomasa radical se tomó una sola muestra. La biomasa total promedio alcanzada fue de 130.9313 g planta-1, de la cual el 72.26% (94.163 g correspondió a la parte aérea y el 27.74% (36.3183 g a la radical. A partir de contenidos de nutrientes reportados en los análisis de tejidos y las biomasas se calculan los nutrientes absorbidos-extraídos. En términos generales, se observan dos etapas en la absorción de nutrientes, una primera hasta el día 21 ddt y la segunda desde el día 22 hasta el día 49 ddt. Para los elementos reportados en este estudio (N, P, K, Ca, Mg y S; su acumulación durante la primera etapa no supero el 29%, excepto el S que llegó hasta el 30.19 %. En consecuencia, la mayor cantidad de nutrientes, cerca al 70%, fueron absorbidas en la segunda etapa de desarrollo, coincidente con la fase reproductiva de la planta.

Corrosión microbiológica en aceros de bajo carbono

OpenAIRE

Medina-Custodio, O; Ortiz-Prado, A; Jacobo-Armendáriz, V.H.; Schouwenaars-Franssens, R

2009-01-01

La corrosión microbiológica es un tipo común de deterioro que afecta diversas industrias, una de ellas es la petrolera en la que se estiman que el 20% o 30% de fallas en las tuberías de trasporte de hidrocarburos es favorecida por microorganismos. Las reacciones químicas que sustentan éstos, generan transferencia de iones, lo que justifica el empleo de técnicas electroquímicas para su análisis. En este trabajo, se estudiaron probetas de acero de bajo carbono SAE 1018, sumergidas en un medio n...

Usos del celular en jóvenes chilenos de bajos recursos

OpenAIRE

Margarita Pedreros-Gajardo; Luis Araya-Castillo

2013-01-01

En este trabajo analizamos los significados que los jóvenes y las jóvenes de Chile de bajos recursos atribuyen a la compra, uso y tenencia de un celular. La investigación cualitativa utilizada no sólo nos permitió descubrir las necesidades que los sujetos jóvenes buscan satisfacer con la compra y/o uso de un celular, sino también los factores socioculturales que determinan este comportamiento de compra. La importancia del presente no es sólo por la pretensión de ser un estudio sociológico sob...

Occurrence of Transgenic Feral Alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp. sativa L.) in Alfalfa Seed Production Areas in the United States.

Science.gov (United States)

Greene, Stephanie L; Kesoju, Sandya R; Martin, Ruth C; Kramer, Matthew

2015-01-01

The potential environmental risks of transgene exposure are not clear for alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp. sativa), a perennial crop that is cross-pollinated by insects. We gathered data on feral alfalfa in major alfalfa seed-production areas in the western United States to (1) evaluate evidence that feral transgenic plants spread transgenes and (2) determine environmental and agricultural production factors influencing the location of feral alfalfa, especially transgenic plants. Road verges in Fresno, California; Canyon, Idaho; and Walla Walla, Washington were surveyed in 2011 and 2012 for feral plants, and samples were tested for the CP4 EPSPS protein that conveys resistance to glyphosate. Of 4580 sites surveyed, feral plants were observed at 404 sites. Twenty-seven percent of these sites had transgenic plants. The frequency of sites having transgenic feral plants varied among our study areas. Transgenic plants were found in 32.7%, 21.4.7% and 8.3% of feral plant sites in Fresno, Canyon and Walla Walla, respectively. Spatial analysis suggested that feral populations started independently and tended to cluster in seed and hay production areas, places where seed tended to drop. Significant but low spatial auto correlation suggested that in some instances, plants colonized nearby locations. Neighboring feral plants were frequently within pollinator foraging range; however, further research is needed to confirm transgene flow. Locations of feral plant clusters were not well predicted by environmental and production variables. However, the likelihood of seed spillage during production and transport had predictive value in explaining the occurrence of transgenic feral populations. Our study confirms that genetically engineered alfalfa has dispersed into the environment, and suggests that minimizing seed spillage and eradicating feral alfalfa along road sides would be effective strategies to minimize transgene dispersal.

ESTUDO META-ANALÍTICO DAS INTERAÇÕES PRODUTIVAS E NUTRICIONAIS DAS MICOTOXINAS NA ALIMENTAÇÃO DE SUÍNOS E FRANGOS DE CORTE

OpenAIRE

Ines Andretta

2011-01-01

Dois trabalhos foram desenvolvidos com o objetivo de estudar, através de meta-análise, a relação das micotoxinas com o desempenho e o peso de órgãos de suínos e frangos de corte. As bases de dados totalizaram 13.196 suínos (85 artigos publicados entre 1968 e 2010) e 37.371 frangos de corte (98 artigos, entre 1980 e 2009). A meta-análise foi realizada através de três análises sequenciais: estudos gráficos, de correlação e de variância-covariância. Suínos desafiados por micotoxinas apresentaram...

Efecto de la frecuencia de corte en especies patrenses. (II) Variación del contenido en nitrógeno, fósforo, potasio y azufre de Lolium perenne "V. 807" y Lolium italicum “Tetrone”

OpenAIRE

García Criado, Balbino; Duque Macías, Francisco; García Ciudad, Antonia

2011-01-01

Se estudia el efecto conjunto de la época de recolección y frecuencia de corte sobre el contenido en nitrógeno, fósforo, potasio y azufre de Lolium perenne V. 807 y Lolium italicum Tetrone. Los cortes se realizan a intervalos de diez, quince, veinte y treinta días en el período de abril a noviembre a 5-10 cm. del suelo. Se considera también la evolución de los elementos con la madurez en cortes mensuales. Los contenidos medios de nitrógeno y fósforo en Lolium perenne y de nitrógeno y azufre e...

Population and economy in the Bajo Ebro in Roman times. Basic concepts for a rural landscape model | Poblamiento y economía en el Bajo Ebro en época romana. Bases para un modelo de paisaje rural

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Víctor Revilla Calvo

1994-12-01

Full Text Available This paper analyses the settlement patterns and the social-economic structures in Bajo Ebro in Roman times. It covers especifically relationships among settlements, rural landscape, structures of agricultural production and landowning. Likewise, the origin and historical evolution of these structures are studied, as well as their role within a broader political, social and economic framework in the Province of Tarraconensis. | El artículo analiza las formas del poblamiento y las estructuras socio-económicas del Bajo Ebro en época romana. Se plantean, en particular, las relaciones entre la distribución del habitat, el paisaje rural, las estructuras de la producción agrícola y de la propiedad. Se analiza igualmente el origen y evolución histórica de estas estructuras, así como su integración en un marco político, social y económico más amplio, constituido por la provincia Tarraconense.

El ejercicio de los controles constitucionales de la Suprema Corte de Justicia en México

OpenAIRE

Escamilla Cadena, Alberto

2013-01-01

El presente trabajo analiza el ejercicio de los controles constitucionales (controversias constitucionales y acciones de inconstitucionalidad) por parte de la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación en México, en conflictos donde han estado involucrados el Poder Ejecutivo y el Poder Legislativo. En particular, se abordan dos casos, las leyes federales de Telecomunicaciones y de Radio y Televisión aprobadas en 2006, que motivaron una acción de inconstitucionalidad; y la aprobación del Presupues...

Terpene synthases from Cannabis sativa.

Science.gov (United States)

Booth, Judith K; Page, Jonathan E; Bohlmann, Jörg

2017-01-01

Cannabis (Cannabis sativa) plants produce and accumulate a terpene-rich resin in glandular trichomes, which are abundant on the surface of the female inflorescence. Bouquets of different monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes are important components of cannabis resin as they define some of the unique organoleptic properties and may also influence medicinal qualities of different cannabis strains and varieties. Transcriptome analysis of trichomes of the cannabis hemp variety 'Finola' revealed sequences of all stages of terpene biosynthesis. Nine cannabis terpene synthases (CsTPS) were identified in subfamilies TPS-a and TPS-b. Functional characterization identified mono- and sesqui-TPS, whose products collectively comprise most of the terpenes of 'Finola' resin, including major compounds such as β-myrcene, (E)-β-ocimene, (-)-limonene, (+)-α-pinene, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene. Transcripts associated with terpene biosynthesis are highly expressed in trichomes compared to non-resin producing tissues. Knowledge of the CsTPS gene family may offer opportunities for selection and improvement of terpene profiles of interest in different cannabis strains and varieties.

Neuropharmacological effects of Nigella sativa

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Farimah Beheshti

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Nigella sativa (NS (Ranunculaceae family is generally utilized as a therapeutic plant all over the world. The seeds of the plant have a long history of use in different frameworks of medicines and food. In Islamic literature, it is considered as one of the greatest forms of therapeutics. It has been widely used to treat nervous system diseases such as memory impairment, epilepsy, neurotoxicity, pain, etc. Additionally, this is uncovered that the majority of therapeutic properties of this plant are due to the presence of thymoquinone (TQ which is a major bioactive component of the essential oil. Pharmacological studies have been done to evaluate the effects of NS on the central nervous system (CNS. The present review is an effort to provide a detailed scientific literature survey about pharmacological activities of the plant on nervous system. Our literature review showed that NS and its components can be considered as promising agents in the treatment of nervous system disorders.

Influência da forma física da ração e da linhagem sobre o desempenho e rendimento de cortes de frangos de corte Influence of physical form of ration and lineage on the performance and yield of broiler cuts

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L.J.C. Lara

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se o efeito da forma física da ração sobre o desempenho e o rendimento de cortes de duas linhagens de frangos de corte, Cobb e Ross. Foram utilizados 900 frangos machos, criados em galpão experimental, com idades entre um a 45 dias. Os tratamentos foram definidos pela linhagem e forma física da ração da seguinte forma: (T1 ração farelada à vontade, (T2 ração peletizada à vontade e (T3 ração peletizada controlada. Para avaliação do desempenho, o delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 3 x 2 (três dietas e duas linhagens e cinco repetições, sendo cada repetição composta de 30 aves. Para a avaliação do rendimento de cortes da carcaça, o delineamento foi o mesmo, com exceção do número de repetições, que foi de 30, sendo cada ave considerada como uma repetição. A ração peletizada controlada reduziu o ganho de peso em relação à peletizada à vontade em 4,7% e melhorou a viabilidade da linhagem Cobb em 10%. Independentemente da linhagem, maiores ganhos de peso foram obtidos quando as aves foram alimentadas com ração peletizada à vontade. A restrição alimentar favoreceu a conversão alimentar das aves em 2%. A linhagem não influenciou os parâmetros de rendimento de cortes e porcentagens de órgãos digestivos avaliados. A peletização favorece o desempenho de frangos de corte.The effect of physical form of the rations on the performance and yield of cuts of the carcass of two lineages of broilers (Cobb and Ross was evaluated. The treatments were defined according to the lineages and physical form of the rations and were given mash ad libitum, pelleted ad libitum, and restricted pelleted (with equal intake of the given mash ration. In the trial, 900-day-old broilers were raised in experimental poultry house from 1 to 45 days of age. To evaluate the performance, the statistical design was the complete randomized with 3 x 2 (three diets and two lines factorial

Sobre la toma de decisiones económicas bajo incertidumbre

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Aurora García Gallego

2012-04-01

Full Text Available En este artículo resumimos la evolución de la Teoría Económica sobre la toma de decisiones bajo incertidumbre. Tras una breve introducción a la teoría de la Utilidad Esperada, nos referimos a comportamientos paradójicos que obligaron a los economistas a adoptar teorías menos simplistas que permitieran explicar un mayor abanico de fenómenos. La mayor complejidad conlleva una descripción multidimensional de las actitudes humanas frente al riesgo económico. Sin embargo, las mediciones de la actitud frente al riesgo utilizadas por los economistas continúan siendo, en su mayoría, unidimensionales.

Physical, chemical and sensory properties of brownies substituted with sweet potato flour (Ipomoea batatas L.) with addition of black cumin oil (Nigella sativa L.)

Science.gov (United States)

Ligarnasari, I. P.; Anam, C.; Sanjaya, A. P.

2018-01-01

Effect of addition black cumin oil on the physical (hardness) characteristics, chemical (water, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate, antioxidant IC50, total phenol and active component) characteristics and sensory (flavor, taste, texture, overall) characteristics of brownies substituted sweet potato flour were investigated. Substituted brownies was added with 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20% and 0.25% of nigella sativa oil. The result showed that water content, ash, protein, fat, total phenol were increased and carbohydrate, antioxidant IC50 was decreased by the addition of nigella sativa oil. Due to the sensory characteristics, panelist gave the high score for substituted brownies which was added 0.05% nigella sativa oil. The result showed that the best formula of substituted brownies which was added 0.05% of nigella sativa oil had 24.89% water content, 1.19% ash content, 7.54% protein content, 37.79% fat content, 53.06% carbohydrate contain, 1043.6 ppm IC50 antioxidant and 0.22% total phenol. The active component on the brownies using GCMS identification were palmitic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid, theobromine and vitamin E.

Manifesto dos professores públicos de instrucção primária da Corte (1871 - Manifesto of teachers of public primary instruction of the Court (1871

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Daniel Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Lemos, Brasil

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Na década de 1870, a Corte brasileira se movimentava intensamente. O fim da guerra do Paraguai parecia inaugurar um novo tempo de reformas. Idéias, como o abolicionismo e a República, assumiam um novo vigor. Novos jornais eram criados, o que aumentava a circulação dos debates. Era um momento de esperança. Diversos projetos disputavam espaços e apresentavam diferentes concepções relativas ao processo de construção do Estado e da nacionalidade. Nesse cenário, um grupo de professores públicos primários da Corte Imperial se reuniu e publicou, no formato de um pequeno livro de vinte e uma páginas, o Manifesto dos professores públicos de instrucção primária da corte. O manifesto é datado de 28 de julho de 1871 e foi impresso pela Tipografia de J. Villeneuve e Cia. 140 anos depois da publicação existe apenas um único exemplar conhecido, localizado na Biblioteca Nacional do Rio de Janeiro.

Differential distribution of cadmium in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Florijn, P.J.

1993-01-01

Large genotypic variation in shoot Cd concentrations has been reported in literature for several plant species including lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) and maize ( Zea mays L.). The objective of this thesis was to elucidate the physiological andlor

The Effects of the First Part of the CoRT Program for Teaching Thinking (BREADTH) on the Development of Communication Skills among a Sample of Students from Al al-Bayt University in Jordan

Science.gov (United States)

Alshurman, Wael Mohammad

2017-01-01

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the first part of the CoRT program for teaching thinking (BREADTH) on the development of communication skills among a sample of students from Al al-Bayt University in Jordan. The study sample consisted of all the students enrolled in the training session for the first part of the CoRT program held by…

Artigos Tecnológicos: Gerenciamento do Ponto de Corte na Concessão do Crédito Direto ao Consumidor

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Hugo Crespi Júnior

2017-03-01

Full Text Available O crédito direto ao consumidor é concedido de forma massificada por meio de modelos informatizados de credit scoring que visam eliminar os maus pagadores, assim evitando prejuízos financeiros decorrentes da inadimplência. No entanto, ao recusarem os maus pagadores, esses modelos, balanceados por critérios meramente financeiros, também recusam um grande número de bons pagadores, o que pode reduzir o potencial de ganhos da empresa varejista. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo mostrar que, incluindo a margem operacional para definir o ponto de corte para concessão de crédito, a rentabilidade da empresa pode melhorar. Foram utilizadas a medida estatística Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC e a abordagem de Stein (2005 para construir simulações em torno de valores reais praticados no mercado, as quais permitiram confirmar que, ao flexibilizar o ponto de corte levando em consideração a margem operacional, o resultado geral da empresa pode ser maximizado.

CARACTERIZACIÓN DE ÁCIDOS HÚMICOS Y FÚLVICOS DE UN MOLLISOL BAJO DOS COBERTURAS DIFERENTES

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Ingris Zamboni

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Para evaluar y comparar algunas propiedades de los ácidos húmicos (AH y fúlvicos (AF como el grado de condensación y polimerización, el contenido total de carbono, hidrógeno y nitrógeno, y sus constantes de acidez, se analizó la fracción menor a 50 m de un Mollisol del horizonte Ap, bajo caña de azúcar, y se comparó con un horizonte A, bajo bosque. Para tal fin se hicieron extracciones sucesivas con tetraborato de sodio 0,05 M, pirofosfato de sodio 0,025 M e hidróxido de sodio 0,1M. Las sustancias húmicas se purificaron mediante tratamientos con ácidos inorgánicos en solución al 1% de HCl y HF, resinas de absorción Amberlita XAD-16 e intercambio catiónico R101H+, diálisis y liofilización, y se caracterizaron por análisis elemental, relación E4/E6 y potenciometría ácido-base de acuerdo con las funciones de Gran modificadas. La relación E4/E6 permitió establecer mayores tamaños moleculares y grado de condensación de los ácidos húmicos en relación con los ácidos fúlvicos. Por potenciometría ácido-base se determinaron, en los ácidos húmicos y ácidos fúlvicos, las concentraciones de grupos funcionales ácidos y sus respectivas constantes de acidez. Dos de éstas, tituladas entre pH 4,0 y 6,1 corresponden a grupos carboxílicos, las otras dos entre pH 7,2 y 8,7 son el resultado de grupos –OH fenólicos fuertes y carboxílicos débiles. En el horizonte Ap, bajo caña de azúcar, los resultados demostraron que las prácticas de uso y manejo de este cultivo han llevado a la homogeneización de las sustancias húmicas, mientras que en el horizonte A bajo bosque existen ácidos húmicos y fúlvicos diferenciados por tamaño molecular, aromaticidad y grado de humificación.

Plant Age Affects Wound-Induced Senescense in Lactuca Sativa L

OpenAIRE

Witkowska, I.M.; Woltering, E.J.

2014-01-01

In the present study we investigated the performance of dark-stored wounded leaf discs and pieces (to some extent mimicking fresh-cut product) of Lactuca sativa L. in relation to the physiological maturity at harvest. We used two related genotypes, i.e. a green (cv. Troubadour) and a red butterhead (cv. Teodore) differing in their pigment levels. For both genotypes, senescence of the wounded (fresh-cut) tissue prepared from leaves of younger plants was significantly delayed compared to wounde...

Sensory acceptability evaluation of irradiated rice, oryza sativa indica

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Loaharanu, S.; Sutantawong, M.; Ungsunanatawiwat, A.

1971-01-01

The non-glutinous and glutinous types of polished rice, Oryza sativa indica were subjected to gamma rays at ambient temperature and stored at 27+-1 0 C for one week. The irradiated rice was cooked and tasted by members of trained panel. Using Hedonic scale and Triangle test, the acceptability of irradiated rice was justified. Gamma irradiation up to 100 krads did not significantly cause off-color, off-odor and off flavor in irradiated non-glutino rice. Glutinous rice irradiated at 60 krads could not be significantly differentiated from non-irradiated sample

Factores de riesgo del bajo peso al nacer

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Ernesto Rosell Juarte

1996-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una investigación de casos y controles en las mujeres que parieron niños con bajo peso, de los consultorios urbanos de médicos de la familia pertenecientes al Policlínico Comunitario Docente "Carlos J. Finlay" de Camagüey, durante el año 1994, con el objetivo de identificar los factores de riesgo biológico y socioeconómicos que con más frecuencia se asociaron; se estudiaron 32 "casos" y 53 "controles" de un universo de 521 nacidos vivos. Se demostró que la edad materna hasta 19 años y de 35 y más, la ganancia insuficiente de peso durante la gestación, el antecedente familiar de prematuridad, la amenaza de parto pretérmino y la ruptura prematura de las membranas, resultaron ser factores de riesgo, y esto no coincide con lo reportado por algunos autores en la evaluación de otros factores asociados.

Caracterización de la infección de las vías urinarias en mujeres embarazadas atendidas en una entidad de primer nivel de atención (Manizales, Colombia) 2006-2010

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Arroyave, Valentina; Cardona, Andrés Felipe; Castaño Castrillón, José Jaime; Giraldo, Viviana; Jaramillo, Mariana; Moncada, Norma Cecilia; Aicardo Ortiz, Ernesto; Villegas Arenas, Oscar Alberto

2010-01-01

ANTECEDENTES: Las infecciones del tracto urinario son las complicaciones más frecuentes del embarazo. Ocasionan una seria morbilidad materna y perinatal (parto pretérmino, peso bajo al nacer y ruptura prematura de membranas).MATERIALES Y METODOS: Estudio de corte transversal, con muestra de 1429 historias de gestantes que asistieron a controles prenatales y al parto en ASSBASALUD E. S. E. Manizales, Colombia. Para realizar este estu-dio se diseñó un instrumento, con las variables escogidas, p...

Evaluación del impacto ambiental generado por el establecimiento de los sistemas silvopastoriles en el municipio del Valle del Guamuez departamento del Putumayo

OpenAIRE

Molina Castillo, Jaime Orlando; Yandar Barahona, Aldemar Yury

2013-01-01

Tesis (Maestría en Desarrollo Sostenible y Medio Ambiente). Universidad de Manizales. Facultad de Ciencias Contables, Económicas y Administrativas. CIMAD, 2013 El sistema silvopastoril (SSP); es un tipo de sistema agroforestal, que implica la presencia de animales entre o bajo los árboles y/o arbustos; interactuando directa (ramoneo) o indirectamente (corte y acarreo del forraje) (Ojeda et al, 2003). En las últimas décadas, el hombre ha aumentado las áreas destinadas al pastoreo del ganado...

Comparative analysis of essential oil composition of Iranian and Indian Nigella sativa L. extracted using supercritical fluid extraction and solvent extraction

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Ghahramanloo KH

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Kourosh Hasanzadeh Ghahramanloo,1 Behnam Kamalidehghan,2 Hamid Akbari Javar,3 Riyanto Teguh Widodo,1 Keivan Majidzadeh,4 Mohamed Ibrahim Noordin1 1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2Medical Genetics Department, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB, 3Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS, 4Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran, Iran Abstract: The objective of this study was to compare the oil extraction yield and essential oil composition of Indian and Iranian Nigella sativa L. extracted by using Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE and solvent extraction methods. In this study, a gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrophotometer detector was employed for qualitative analysis of the essential oil composition of Indian and Iranian N. sativa L. The results indicated that the main fatty acid composition identified in the essential oils extracted by using SFE and solvent extraction were linoleic acid (22.4%–61.85% and oleic acid (1.64%–18.97%. Thymoquinone (0.72%–21.03% was found to be the major volatile compound in the extracted N. sativa oil. It was observed that the oil extraction efficiency obtained from SFE was significantly (P<0.05 higher than that achieved by the solvent extraction technique. The present study showed that SFE can be used as a more efficient technique for extraction of N. Sativa L. essential oil, which is composed of higher linoleic acid and thymoquinone contents compared to the essential oil obtained by the solvent extraction technique. Keywords: Nigella sativa L., essential oil extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, solvent extraction, fatty acid composition, thymoquinone, linoleic acid

ANALISIS TUMBUH SELADA (LACTUCA SATIVA L) PADA PERBEDAAN JENIS PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR ( Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L) Growth Analysis At Different Type Of Liquid Organic Fertilizer)

OpenAIRE

Duaja, Made Deviani; Arzita, .; Redo, Yan

2012-01-01

The objectives of this research are to analysis the growth and yield of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L) at different type of organic liquid fertilizers. The experiment has conducted at Agriculture Faculty Research Farm, Jambi University. Six treatments were arranged in Randomized Completed Block Design. The treatments are kinds of liquid organic fertilizers, they are P0 (none of liquid organic fertilizers), P1 (Golden Harvest liquid organic fertilizers), P2 (NASA liquid organic fertilizers), P3 (C...

"De la modération" de Michel de Montaigne a la inmoderación de Hernán Cortés

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Juan Durán Luzio

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Se postula en este artículo que Michel de Montaigne al concluir su ensayo "De la modération" (I.XXX introduce un párrafo final relativo a Hernán Cortés y la conquista de México, el cual, proveniente de fuentes históricas, le sirve al ensayista para establecer una fuerte ironía sobre los excesos y actos carentes de moderación que han ocurrido en la conquista de América. This article postulates that Michel de Montaigne introduces a final paragraph at the conclusion of his essay "De la modération" (I.XXX, that refers to Hernán Cortés and the conquest of Mexico, which, coming from historical sources, helps the essayist to establish and ironic interpretation of the excesses and inmoderate acts occurred during the conquest of America.

Bluetooth 4.0 Low Energy: la futura solucion inalambrica de bajo consumo

OpenAIRE

Morales Pedro, Ricard

2011-01-01

En los últimos años el sector de las telecomunicaciones se ha erigido como uno de los mas innovadores de nuestra sociedad, donde la irrupción de nuevos estandares de comunicación inalambrica esta permitiendo ir eliminando la necesidad de los cables de transmisión para conectar dispositivos. Con este proposito nació Bluetooth, una tecnologia que permite transmisiones inalambricas de corto alcance de forma robusta y sencilla, junto con un consumo reducido y un bajo coste. Tras la aparición de B...

Efectos del bajo peso materno preconcepcional sobre el embarazo y el parto

OpenAIRE

López Montero, Maribel; Trufero Cánovas, Norma

2006-01-01

Se realizó un estudio de cohorte no concurrente pareado 1:1 para investigar los efectos del bajo peso materno preconcepcional (malnutrición materna por defecto) sobre el embarazo, el parto y el recién nacido en el Policlínico Finlay del municipio Camagüey desde octubre de 2002 hasta abril de 2004. Fueron estudiadas 51 gestantes malnutridas por defecto y 51 embarazadas sin riesgo. Los datos fueron tomados a partir de los registros oficiales de la atención perinatal complementados con una encue...

Análisis del amortiguamiento en vidrio estructural bajo cargas de impacto

OpenAIRE

Ramos, Alberto; Pelayo, F.; Lamela, María Jesús; Fernández Canteli, Alfonso; Huerta Gómez de Merodio, María Consuelo; Pacios Alvarez, Antonia

2013-01-01

Los últimos avances tecnológicos y las tendencias arquitectónicas actuales han impulsado notablemente el uso de una gran variedad de productos de vidrio en la construcción que, en función de sus propias características, permiten diseñar y calcular elementos estructurales de este material bajo condiciones de seguridad. Este trabajo presenta la evaluación y el análisis de las propiedades de amortiguamiento de placas rectangulares de vidrio laminado de 1938 mm x 876 mm con distinto espesor, segú...

Evaluación de un cluster bajo agricultura protegida en México

OpenAIRE

Padilla-Bernal, Luz Evelia; Reyes-Rivas, Eliver; Pérez-Veyna, Óscar

2012-01-01

El naciente cluster de tomate bajo agricultura protegida en Zacatecas enfrenta el reto de participar en los mercados globales de una manera sostenible; una respuesta viable para ello es elevar su capacidad de upgrading. En este trabajo se determina la relación entre la eficiencia colectiva en el upgrading del cluster. La información se obtuvo a través de un cuestionario aplicado a técnicos de las unidades de producción (UP), el cual se complementó con entrevistas a propietarios o gerentes, in...

La importancia de los materiales en las viviendas de muy bajo coste

OpenAIRE

Salas, Julián

1992-01-01

El texto que sigue se encuadra en el contexto de intentar enmarcar la importancia considerable del capítulo de los materiales de construcción en el subsector de las viviendas de muy bajo coste en los Países en Vías de Desarrollo en general, y en Latinoamérica en particular. El autor trata de cuantificar, en forma global, la repercusión de los materiales en varios supuestos y como ésta aumenta al disminuir —prácticamente desaparecer— las partidas de instalaciones y acabados. De conformidad...

Housing conditions as a social determinant of low birthweight and preterm low birthweight Condiciones de vivienda como determinante social de bajo peso al nacer y de prematuro de bajo peso al nacer Condições de moradia como determinante social de baixo peso ao nascer e prematuro de baixo peso

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Mario Vianna Vettore

2010-12-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between housing conditions and low birthweight and preterm low birthweight among low-income women. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted with post-partum women living in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Southeast Brazil, in 2003-2005. Two groups of cases, low birthweight (n=96 and preterm low birthweight infants (n=68, were compared against normal weight term controls (n=393. Housing conditions were categorized into three levels: adequate, inadequate, and highly inadequate. Covariates included sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, risk behaviors, violence, anxiety, satisfaction during pregnancy, obstetric history and prenatal care. RESULTS: Poor housing conditions was independently associated with low birthweight (inadequate - OR 2.3 [1.1;4.6]; highly inadequate - OR 7.6 [2.1;27.6] and preterm low birthweight (inadequate - OR 2.2 [1.1;4.3]; highly inadequate - OR 7.6 [2.4;23.9] and factors associated with outcomes were inadequate prenatal care and previous preterm birth. Low income and low maternal body mass index remained associated with low birthweight. CONCLUSIONS: Poor housing conditions were associated with low birthweight and preterm low birthweight.OBJETIVO: Evaluar la relación entre condiciones de vivienda y bajo peso al nacer y prematuridad asociada al bajo peso al nacer en los hijos de mujeres de baja renta. MÉTODOS: Se realizó estudio caso-control con mujeres en el postparto residentes en el municipio de Rio de Janeiro, Sureste de Brasil, en 2003-2005. Dos grupos de casos fueron comparados con controles a término y con peso normal (n=393: bajo peso al nacer (n=96 y prematuridad asociada al bajo peso al nacer (n=68. Las condiciones de vivienda fueron consideradas en los niveles: adecuadas, inadecuadas y muy inadecuadas. Las covariables investigadas fueron características sociodemográficas, antropométricas, hábitos de riesgo, violencia, ansiedad, satisfacción con el embarazo

Protective effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Nigella sativa L. and Portulaca oleracea L. on free radical induced hemolysis of RBCs

Science.gov (United States)

Karimi, G; Aghasizadeh, M; Razavi, M; Taghiabadi, E

2011-01-01

Background and the purpose of the study It has been shown that Nigella sativa L. and Portulaca oleracea L. have many antioxidant components. In the present study, the cytoprotective effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of N.sativa and P.oleracea against hemolytic damages induced by free radical initiator, AAPH [2, 2’ azobis (2- amidinopropane) hydrochloride] was evaluated. Methods Hemolysis was induced by addition of AAPH. To study the cytoprotective effect, aqueous (50, 200, 300, 400, 800 µg/ml) and ethanolic (25, 100, 150, 200 and 400 µg/ml) extracts of N. sativa and aqueous (25, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 400 µg/ml) and ethanolic (300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1800 µg/ml) extracts of P. oleracea were employed. RBCs were incubated with both extracts and AAPH at 37 °C for 6 hrs. In order to evaluate the impact of the time of addition, extracts were added one and 2 hrs after AAPH. Samples of suspensions were removed at different times and the degree of hemolysis was assessed spectrophotometrically by reading the absorption of supernatants at 540 nm. Results Aqueous (300, 400 and 800 µg/ml) and ethanolic (150, 200 and 400 µg/ml) extracts of N.sativa and also, aqueous (100, 150, 200 and 400 µg/ml) and ethanolic (1200, 1800 µg/ml) extracts of P.oleracea showed concentration-dependent cytoprotective effects. Addition of extracts one hour after AAPH reduced but did not eliminate protective activities of extracts. Conclusion Cytorotective effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of N. sativa and P. oleracea against AAPH- induced hemolysis may be related to antioxidant properties of these plants. PMID:22615672

Construction of six Oryza sativa x O. rufipogon Chromosome Segment Substitution Line (CSSL) Libraries

Science.gov (United States)

Transgressive variation has been observed in rice (Oryza sativa) as an increase in grain yield and attributed to the ancestral parent, O. rufipogon, in mapping populations developed from several adapted rice varieties crossed with a single O. rufipogon accession. To explore this phenomenon of transg...

Exigência de valina e isoleucina para codornas de corte no período de um a 14 dias e de 15 a 35 dias de idade

OpenAIRE

Batista,E.; Furlan,A.C.; Marcato,S.M.; Pozza,P.C.; Ton,A.P.S.; Grieser,D.O.; Zancanela,V.; Stanquevis,C.E.; Perine,T.P.; Benites,M.I.; Euzébio,T.C.; Paula,V.R.C.

2016-01-01

RESUMO Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, com o objetivo de estimar a exigência de valina e isoleucina digestível para codornas de corte em crescimento. No experimento 1, foram utilizadas 2.160 codornas de corte de um dia de idade, não sexadas, distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com arranjo fatorial 4x4, sendo quatro níveis de valina digestível (0,90, 1,10, 1,30 e 1,50%) e quatro níveis de isoleucina digestível (0,80, 1,00, 1,20 e 1,40%), totalizando 16 tratamentos, com t...

Genetic analysis and gene fine mapping of aroma in rice (Oryza sativa L. Cyperales, Poaceae

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Shu Xia Sun

2008-01-01

Full Text Available We investigated inheritance and carried out gene fine mapping of aroma in crosses between the aromatic elite hybrid rice Oryza sativa indica variety Chuanxiang-29B (Ch-29B and the non-aromatic rice O. sativa indica variety R2 and O. sativa japonica Lemont (Le. The F1 grains and leaves were non-aromatic while the F2 non-aroma to aroma segregation pattern was 3:1. The F3 segregation ratio was consistent with the expected 1:2:1 for a single recessive aroma gene in Ch-29B. Linkage analysis between simple sequence repeat (SSR markers and the aroma locus for the aromatic F2 plants mapped the Ch-29B aroma gene to a chromosome 8 region flanked by SSR markers RM23120 at 0.52 cM and RM3459 at 1.23 cM, a replicate F2 population confirming these results. Three bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC clones cover chromosome 8 markers RM23120 and RM3459. Our molecular mapping data from the two populations indicated that the aroma locus occurs in a 142.85 kb interval on BAC clones AP005301 or AP005537, implying that it might be the same gene reported by Bradbury et al (2005a; Plant Biotec J. 3:363-370. The flanking markers Aro7, RM23120 and RM3459 identified by us could greatly accelerate the efficiency and precision of aromatic rice breeding programs.

Microwave-assisted extraction of Nigella sativa L. essential oil and evaluation of its antioxidant activity.

Science.gov (United States)

Abedi, Abdol-Samad; Rismanchi, Marjan; Shahdoostkhany, Mehrnoush; Mohammadi, Abdorreza; Mortazavian, Amir Mohammad

2017-11-01

It has been previously reported that the essential oil of Nigella sativa L. seeds and its major active component, thymoquinone (TQ), possess a broad variety of biological activities and therapeutic properties. In this work, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of the essential oil from Nigella sativa L. seeds and its antioxidant activity were studied. Response surface methodology based on central composite design was used to evaluate the effects of extraction time, irradiation power and moisture content on extraction yield and TQ content. Optimal parameters obtained by CCD and RSM were extraction time 30 min, irradiation power 450 W, and moisture content 50%. The extraction yield and TQ content of the essential oil were 0.33 and 20% under the optimum conditions, respectively. In contrast, extraction yield and TQ amount of oil obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) were 0.23 and 3.71%, respectively. The main constituents of the essential oil extracted by MAE and HD were p -cymene, TQ, α-thujene and longifolene, comprising more than 60% of total peak area. The antioxidant capacity of essential oils extracted by different methods were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and Ferric reducing antioxidant power assays, and compared with traditional antioxidants. The results showed that MAE method was a viable alternative to HD for the essential oil extraction from N. sativa seeds due to the excellent extraction efficiency, higher thymoquinone content, and stronger antioxidant activity.

Efeito da protease sobre o coeficiente de metabolizabilidade dos nutrientes em frangos de corte

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C.F.Q. Matias

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se os efeitos da protease sobre o coeficiente de metabolizabilidade dos nutrientes em dietas contendo farinha de penas (2,0% na fase inicial e 3,0% na fase de crescimento para frangos de corte machos, Cobb(r, de um a 32 dias de idade. Foram alojadas 336 aves em gaiolas metálicas equipadas com bandeja para coleta total de excretas. Foi utilizado delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 2x2 (com e sem adição da enzima protease 0,05% e duas valorizações da matriz nutricional da enzima, sendo sete repetições por tratamento, de 12 aves cada. Observou-se, na fase inicial, maior CMPB (P≤0,05 para as aves que, independentemente da adição de protease, consumiram ração com valorização da matriz nutricional da enzima. Não houve efeito dos tratamentos sobre o CMMS e o CMEE (P>0,05. Na fase de crescimento, houve interação entre os tratamentos para as variáveis CMPB e CMEE. Os frangos alimentados com dieta valorizada sem adição de enzima (controle negativo apresentaram melhores resultados (P≤0,05 para CMPB e CMEE. Nos tratamentos com enzima, o melhor CMEE (P≤0,05 foi obtido com o tratamento sem valorização da matriz nutricional (over the top. Conclui-se que níveis reduzidos e enzima sem valorização melhoram os coeficientes de metabolizabilidade dos nutrientes na fase adulta de frangos de corte.

[Analysis of the mineral elements of Lactuca sativa under the condition of different spectral components].

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Xiao-Li; Guo, Wen-Zhong; Xue, Xu-Zhang; Wang, Li-Chun; Li, Liang; Chen, Fei

2013-08-01

Mineral elements absorption and content of Lactuca sativa under different spectral component conditions were studied by ICP-AES technology. The results showed that: (1) For Lactuca sativa, the average proportion for Ca : Mg : K : Na : P was 5.5 : 2.5 : 2.3 : 1.5 : 1.0, the average proportion for Fe : Mn : Zn : Cu : B was 25.9 : 5.9 : 2.8 : 1.1 : 1.0; (2) The absorptions for K, P, Ca, Mg and B are the largest under the LED treatment R/B = 1 : 2.75, red light from fluorescent lamps and LED can both promote the absorptions of Fe and Cu; (3)The LED treatments exhibiting relatively higher content of mineral elements are R/B = 1 : 2.75 and R/W = 1 : 1 while higher dry matter accumulations are R/B = 1 : 2.75 and B/W = 1 : 1.

Cannabidiol rather than Cannabis sativa extracts inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in cervical cancer cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Lukhele, Sindiswa T; Motadi, Lesetja R

2016-09-01

Cervical cancer remains a global health related issue among females of Sub-Saharan Africa, with over half a million new cases reported each year. Different therapeutic regimens have been suggested in various regions of Africa, however, over a quarter of a million women die of cervical cancer, annually. This makes it the most lethal cancer amongst black women and calls for urgent therapeutic strategies. In this study we compare the anti-proliferative effects of crude extract of Cannabis sativa and its main compound cannabidiol on different cervical cancer cell lines. To achieve our aim, phytochemical screening, MTT assay, cell growth analysis, flow cytometry, morphology analysis, Western blot, caspase 3/7 assay, and ATP measurement assay were conducted. Results obtained indicate that both cannabidiol and Cannabis sativa extracts were able to halt cell proliferation in all cell lines at varying concentrations. They further revealed that apoptosis was induced by cannabidiol as shown by increased subG0/G1 and apoptosis through annexin V. Apoptosis was confirmed by overexpression of p53, caspase 3 and bax. Apoptosis induction was further confirmed by morphological changes, an increase in Caspase 3/7 and a decrease in the ATP levels. In conclusion, these data suggest that cannabidiol rather than Cannabis sativa crude extracts prevent cell growth and induce cell death in cervical cancer cell lines.

Nigella sativa Oil Enhances the Spatial Working Memory Performance of Rats on a Radial Arm Maze.

Science.gov (United States)

Sahak, Mohamad Khairul Azali; Mohamed, Abdul Majid; Hashim, Noor Hashida; Hasan Adli, Durriyyah Sharifah

2013-01-01

Nigella sativa, an established historical and religion-based remedy for a wide range of health problems, is a herbal medicine known to have antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. This present study investigated the effect of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) administration on the spatial memory performance (SMP) of male adult rats using eight-arm radial arm maze (RAM). Twelve Sprague Dawley rats (7-9 weeks old) were force-fed daily with 6.0  μ L/100 g body weight of Nigella sativa oil (NSO group; n = 6) or 0.1 mL/100 g body weight of corn oil (control) (CO group; n = 6) for a period of 20 consecutive weeks. For each weekly evaluation of SMP, one day food-deprived rats were tested by allowing each of them 3 minutes to explore the RAM for food as their rewards. Similar to the control group, the SMP of the treated group was not hindered, as indicated by the establishment of the reference and working memory components of the spatial memory. The results demonstrated that lesser mean numbers of error were observed for the NSO-treated group in both parameters as compared to the CO-treated group. NSO could therefore enhance the learning and memory abilities of the rats; there was a significant decrease in the overall mean number of working memory error (WME) in the NSO-treated group.

EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS OF CONDENSED TANNINS IN CASTANEA SATIVA MILL.

OpenAIRE

J Živković; I Mujić; G Nikolić; S Vidović; A Mujić

2010-01-01

Proanthocyanidins, also known as condensed tannins are widespread in woody plants, but are also found in certain forages. Castanea sativa Mill. are exploited for various purposes, but a little is known about potential of this species and possible application in diet and therapy. The parts of chestnut such as: seed, peeled seed, brown seed shell, red internal seed shell, leaves, catkin, spiny bur, as well as the new and old chestnut bark were extracted with 50% ethanol as an extragents. Conten...

Eruca sativa might influence the growth, survival under simulated gastrointestinal conditions and some biological features of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains.

Science.gov (United States)

Fratianni, Florinda; Pepe, Selenia; Cardinale, Federica; Granese, Tiziana; Cozzolino, Autilia; Coppola, Raffaele; Nazzaro, Filomena

2014-10-01

The growth and viability of three Lactobacillus strains, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, after their passage through simulated gastric and pancreatic juices were studied as a function of their presence in the growth medium of rocket salad (Eruca sativa). The presence of E. sativa affected some of the biological properties of the strains. For example, L. acidophilus and L. plantarum worked more efficiently in the presence of E. sativa, increasing not only the antioxidant activity of the medium, but also their own antioxidant power and antimicrobial activity; L. rhamnosus was not affected in the same manner. Overall, the presence of vegetables might help to boost, in specific cases, some of the characteristics of lactobacilli, including antioxidant and antimicrobial power.

Eruca sativa Might Influence the Growth, Survival under Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions and Some Biological Features of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strains

Science.gov (United States)

Fratianni, Florinda; Pepe, Selenia; Cardinale, Federica; Granese, Tiziana; Cozzolino, Autilia; Coppola, Raffaele; Nazzaro, Filomena

2014-01-01

The growth and viability of three Lactobacillus strains, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, after their passage through simulated gastric and pancreatic juices were studied as a function of their presence in the growth medium of rocket salad (Eruca sativa). The presence of E. sativa affected some of the biological properties of the strains. For example, L. acidophilus and L. plantarum worked more efficiently in the presence of E. sativa, increasing not only the antioxidant activity of the medium, but also their own antioxidant power and antimicrobial activity; L. rhamnosus was not affected in the same manner. Overall, the presence of vegetables might help to boost, in specific cases, some of the characteristics of lactobacilli, including antioxidant and antimicrobial power. PMID:25275269

Eruca sativa Might Influence the Growth, Survival under Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions and Some Biological Features of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strains

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Florinda Fratianni

2014-10-01

Full Text Available The growth and viability of three Lactobacillus strains, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, after their passage through simulated gastric and pancreatic juices were studied as a function of their presence in the growth medium of rocket salad (Eruca sativa. The presence of E. sativa affected some of the biological properties of the strains. For example, L. acidophilus and L. plantarum worked more efficiently in the presence of E. sativa, increasing not only the antioxidant activity of the medium, but also their own antioxidant power and antimicrobial activity; L. rhamnosus was not affected in the same manner. Overall, the presence of vegetables might help to boost, in specific cases, some of the characteristics of lactobacilli, including antioxidant and antimicrobial power.

Determinantes estructurales y su relación con el índice de COP en países de desarrollo alto, mediano y bajo

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Luis Carlos García Rincón

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: describir y analizar los determinantes estructurales y su relación con el índice de COP en países de desarrollo alto, mediano y bajo durante las últimas tres décadas. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo realizado a partir de una revisión de la literatura internacional y nacional en bases de datos y páginas web. Resultados: se encontró un país con índice de COP elevado; un país con índice de COP moderado; 10 países con índice de COP bajo; y 10 países con índice de COP muy bajo. Los países de desarrollo alto y los países de desarrollo bajo se comportan de manera similar en tanto reportan índices de COP inferiores al promedio mundial sugerido por la OMS (2.4. Discusión y conclusiones: se concluye que los valores de COP están asociados fuertemente a factores macroeconómicos, como las políticas y servicios de cuidado de la salud disponibles para la población, más que a la clasificación de desarrollo del Banco Mundial. Los determinantes sociales están directamente relacionados con las políticas estructurales que afectan el bienestar social, la salud y la calidad de vida de la población.

Lucerne (Medicago sativa) or grass-clover as cut-and-carry fertilizers in organic agriculture

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Burgt, van der G.J.H.M.; Eekeren, van N.J.M.; Scholberg, J.M.S.; Koopmans, C.J.

2013-01-01

Onfarm nitrogen fixation is a driving force in organic agriculture. The efficiency with which this nitrogen is used can be increased by using lucerne (Medicago sativa) or grassclover directly as sources of fertilizer on arable land: cutandcarry fertilizers. In two arable crops, the use of lucerne

Compresibilidad y resistencia al corte de suelos salinizados y sodificados por irrigación

OpenAIRE

PALANCAR, TELMO CECILIO

2011-01-01

Cuando se utilizan aguas de mala calidad en el riego, puede incrementarse el riesgo de salinización y sodificación del suelo y del acuífero subterráneo. Estos cambios pueden generar variaciones en el comportamiento mecánico del suelo frente al tráfico y la labranza. Las hipótesis planteadas fueron que la alteración química sufrida por los suelos regados con aguas de mala calidad, los hace menos compresibles y más resistentes al corte, provocando alteraciones en la recta de Coulomb y e...

Factores de riesgo de bajo peso al nacer

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Marcelo Bortman

1998-05-01

Full Text Available El bajo peso al nacer (BPN es el principal factor determinante conocido de la mortalidad infantil. Pese a la notable reducción de las tasas de mortalidad infantil y al aumento de las tasas de supervivencia de niños con BPN, en Neuquén, Argentina, no se han observado descensos notables de las tasas de BPN. El propósito de este estudio fue conocer los factores de riesgo de BPN, su frecuencia en la población y el papel de la atención prenatal en su prevención, y desarrollar una escala de riesgo que permita identificar a las mujeres en mayor riesgo de dar a luz un niño de bajo peso. Con tal propósito se realizó un estudio transversal en el cual se utilizó 50% de los datos del Sistema Informático Perinatal correspondientes al período 1988­1995 y procedentes de los 29 hospitales de la provincia de Neuquén (46 171 nacimientos. Se analizaron la distribución del peso y la frecuencia de los posibles factores de riesgo de BPN. La asociación entre estos factores y el BPN se analizó mediante un modelo de regresión logística. Con los resultados obtenidos se desarrolló una escala aditiva, que fue validada con el 50% restante de los registros de nacimientos. La razón de posibilidades (RP más elevada correspondió a la falta de atención prenatal (RP = 8,78; IC95%: 6,7 a 11,4. Las RP asociadas con una atención prenatal inadecuada, una primera consulta prenatal tardía, preeclampsia o eclampsia, hemorragia o anomalías de la placenta o sus membranas e historia de un hijo previo con BPN fueron mayores de 2,0. El riesgo de tener hijos con BPN también fue más alto en las mujeres mayores de 40 años, las menores de 20, las solteras, las fumadoras, aquellas cuyo intervalo intergenésico fue menor de 18 meses y las que tenían un índice de masa corporal menor de 20. Por último, se encontró una relación lineal directa entre el puntaje en la escala y el riesgo de tener un hijo con BPN.

César Cort y la cultura urbanística de su tiempo

OpenAIRE

García González, María Cristina

2013-01-01

ÍNDICE1 Introducción1.1 Acerca de César Cort (1893-1978)  2 Las redes internacionales y los canales de difusión del urbanismo en el período europeo de entreguerras2.1 La Junta para Ampliación de Estudios e Investigaciones Científicas  2.2 Las relaciones de España con Alemania2.3 Las redes anglosajona y francesa de urbanismo2.4 El relevo de los Congresos Internacionales de Arquitectura Moderna         3 Conclusiones: el urbanismo como acto de comunicación4 Apéndice I: tablas e ilustraciones5 F...

Comparative analysis of essential oil composition of Iranian and Indian Nigella sativa L. extracted using supercritical fluid extraction and solvent extraction.

Science.gov (United States)

Ghahramanloo, Kourosh Hasanzadeh; Kamalidehghan, Behnam; Akbari Javar, Hamid; Teguh Widodo, Riyanto; Majidzadeh, Keivan; Noordin, Mohamed Ibrahim

2017-01-01

The objective of this study was to compare the oil extraction yield and essential oil composition of Indian and Iranian Nigella sativa L. extracted by using Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) and solvent extraction methods. In this study, a gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrophotometer detector was employed for qualitative analysis of the essential oil composition of Indian and Iranian N. sativa L. The results indicated that the main fatty acid composition identified in the essential oils extracted by using SFE and solvent extraction were linoleic acid (22.4%-61.85%) and oleic acid (1.64%-18.97%). Thymoquinone (0.72%-21.03%) was found to be the major volatile compound in the extracted N. sativa oil. It was observed that the oil extraction efficiency obtained from SFE was significantly ( P essential oil, which is composed of higher linoleic acid and thymoquinone contents compared to the essential oil obtained by the solvent extraction technique.

Levels of selected metals in leaves of Cannabis sativa L. cultivated in Ethiopia.

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Zerihun, Agalu; Chandravanshi, Bhagwan Singh; Debebe, Ayalew; Mehari, Bewketu

2015-01-01

Cannabis sativa L. is one of the illicit drug bearing plants. Cannabis products are the most widely trafficked drugs worldwide. The highest levels of cannabis production in the world take place in the African continent. A small volume of cannabis is produced in rural areas of Ethiopia, of which a small portion is exported to neighboring countries and the majority is consumed at home. The literature survey revealed that there is no report on the metal contents in cannabis cultivated in Ethiopia. The main objective of this study is to determine the level of selected metals in leaves of Cannabis sativa L. cultivated in Ethiopia. Cannabis sativa L. samples were collected from Metema (Amhara Region), Mekelle (Tigray Region), Sheshemene (Oromia Region) and Butajira (South Nations Nationality and Peoples (SNNP) Region) of Ethiopia. After proper sample pretreatment, the volumes of reagents used, digestion temperature and digestion time were optimized and using the optimized conditions the levels of metals were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The accuracy of the optimized procedure was evaluated by analyzing the digest of the spiked samples with standard solution and the percentage recoveries varied from 88 to 103%. The levels of metals determined (µg/g dry weight) were in the ranges Ca (657-1,511), Zn (321-380), Ni (124-172), Cu (122-176), Cd (3-10), Pb (8-10), and Cr (4-8). Zn was with the highest concentration among trace metals. A statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 95% confidence level indicated that there is a significant difference in the levels of all the metals between the four sample means except Pb. The results indicate that the content of Pb and Cd exceeds the permissible amount for medicinal plants which form the raw materials for the finished products set by World Health Organization (WHO).

El paleomargen pasivo mesozoico de la América del Norte en Cuba

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Jorge L. Cobiella-Reguera

2003-03-01

Full Text Available Cuatro dominios paleogeográficos y paleotectónicos se distinguen en los cortes mesozoicos cubansos. De norte a sur, ellos son: 1. Secuencias de un paleomargen pasivo septentrional (PPS; 2. El cinturón ofiolítico septentrional (COS; 3. El terreno de arcos volcánicos cretácicos (TAVK, y 4. Secuencias metamorfizadas de un paleomargen pasivo meridional (PPM. Tres tipos de cortes de secuencias de margen pasivo, geográficamente bien diferenciados, afloran en el norte de Cuba: A-Cortes de Guaniguanico, divisibles a su vez en tres subtipos: Sierra del Rosario, Sierra de los Órganos y Cinturón Cangre; B-Cortes del norte de Cuba Central, caracterizados por una manifiesta zonalidad estratigráfica y estructural, y C-Cortes de Maisí, caracterizados poe el metamorfismo de bajo grado de sus rocas. En estas tres regiones los cortes más jóvenes, comenzando en el Jurásico Superior, son casi exclusivamente carbonatados, mientras que su parte inferior (Oxfordiano y más antiguo es terrígena, exceptuando los más septentrionales, en Cuba central, donde están presentes evaporitas. Los cortes A y B presentan una discordancia qie se correlaciona estrechamente con el Mid-Cretaceous Sequence Boundary, detectado en el sur del golfo de México y el estrecho de La Florida. Las similitudes, en particular entre las regiones A y B, indican una misma identidad geológica. Su posición actual, yuxtapuestos a las plataformas de Bahamas y Yucatán de la placa norteamericana, y su bien confirmado tránsito a los cortes de Bahamas en el norte de Cuba central, indican que los cortes del PPS deben formar parte del margen pasivo mesozoico de la América del Norte. La continuación al este de los cortes de Guaniguanico es visible en varios afloramientos y registrada por numerosos pozos de prospección desde el oeste de La Habana hasta Matanzas. Por tanto, no hay razón para considerar los cortes de Guaniguanico como parte de los "terrenos sudoccidentales". Siguiendo esta

Crystallization of Δ{sup 1}-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) synthase from Cannabis sativa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shoyama, Yoshinari; Takeuchi, Ayako; Taura, Futoshi [Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582 (Japan); Tamada, Taro; Adachi, Motoyasu; Kuroki, Ryota [Neutron Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, 2-4 Shirakata-Shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Shoyama, Yukihiro; Morimoto, Satoshi [Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582 (Japan)

2005-08-01

Δ{sup 1}-Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) synthase from C. sativa was crystallized. The crystal diffracted to 2.7 Å resolution with sufficient quality for further structure determination. Δ{sup 1}-Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) synthase is a novel oxidoreductase that catalyzes the biosynthesis of the psychoactive compound THCA in Cannabis sativa (Mexican strain). In order to investigate the structure–function relationship of THCA synthase, this enzyme was overproduced in insect cells, purified and finally crystallized in 0.1 M HEPES buffer pH 7.5 containing 1.4 M sodium citrate. A single crystal suitable for X-ray diffraction measurement was obtained in 0.09 M HEPES buffer pH 7.5 containing 1.26 M sodium citrate. The crystal diffracted to 2.7 Å resolution at beamline BL41XU, SPring-8. The crystal belonged to the primitive cubic space group P432, with unit-cell parameters a = b = c = 178.2 Å. The calculated Matthews coefficient was approximately 4.1 or 2.0 Å{sup 3} Da{sup −1} assuming the presence of one or two molecules of THCA synthase in the asymmetric unit, respectively.

Effect of Medicago sativa L. and compost on organic and inorganic pollutant removal from a mixed contaminated soil and risk assessment using ecotoxicological tests.

Science.gov (United States)

Marchand, Charlotte; Hogland, William; Kaczala, Fabio; Jani, Yahya; Marchand, Lilian; Augustsson, Anna; Hijri, Mohamed

2016-11-01

Several Gentle Remediation Options (GRO), e.g., plant-based options (phytoremediation), singly and combined with soil amendments, can be simultaneously efficient for degrading organic pollutants and either stabilizing or extracting trace elements (TEs). Here, a 5-month greenhouse trial was performed to test the efficiency of Medicago sativa L., singly and combined with a compost addition (30% w/w), to treat soils contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC), Co and Pb collected at an auto scrap yard. After 5 months, total soil Pb significantly decreased in the compost-amended soil planted with M. sativa, but not total soil Co. Compost incorporation into the soil promoted PHC degradation, M. sativa growth and survival, and shoot Pb concentrations [3.8 mg kg(-1) dry weight (DW)]. Residual risk assessment after the phytoremediation trial showed a positive effect of compost amendment on plant growth and earthworm development. The O2 uptake by soil microorganisms was lower in the compost-amended soil, suggesting a decrease in microbial activity. This study underlined the benefits of the phytoremediation option based on M. sativa cultivation and compost amendment for remediating PHC- and Pb-contaminated soils.

Glosa paseada bajo el fuego y la lluvia: cinco lentes para mirar el Chocó

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Mónica María del Valle Idárraga

2011-12-01

Full Text Available A partir de la perspectiva general de la ecocrítica o ecopoética, este artículo analiza los modos como se representa la naturaleza y su relación con lo humano en la obra Glosa paseada bajo el fuego y la lluvia (1982 del escritor chocoano Carlos Arturo Caicedo Licona. Las cinco instancias de esa figuración que aquí se estudian ayudan a crear un universo simbólico que respalda una idea de chocoanidad cifrada en prácticas, creencias, recorridos y visiones desde un marco anterior a tecnologías de la identidad como la biodiversidad o la patrimonialización.Based on the general premises of Ecocriticism, this article explores the ways in which nature and its inter-relation to human beings is created in Glosa paseada bajo el fuego y la lluvia, a work by Carlos Arturo Caicedo Licona, a writer from Chocó, Colombia. Five instances of that representation are analyzed as pieces that, while describing practices, conceptions, beliefs and cartographic descriptions, structure an idea of Chocoan identity previous to current identity technologies, such as patrimonialization and biodiversity.

Plastid transformation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) by biolistic DNA delivery.

Science.gov (United States)

Ruhlman, Tracey A

2014-01-01

The interest in producing pharmaceutical proteins in a nontoxic plant host has led to the development of an approach to express such proteins in transplastomic lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). A number of therapeutic proteins and vaccine antigen candidates have been stably integrated into the lettuce plastid genome using biolistic DNA delivery. High levels of accumulation and retention of biological activity suggest that lettuce may provide an ideal platform for the production of biopharmaceuticals.

Detection of Norspermidine and Norspermine in Medicago sativa L. (Alfalfa) 1

Science.gov (United States)

Rodriguez-Garay, Benjamin; Phillips, Gregory C.; Kuehn, Glenn D.

1989-01-01

Shoot meristem tissues of alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., were found by high performance liquid chromatography analyses to contain the uncommon polyamines, norspermidine and norspermine. The chemical structures of norspermidine and norspermine, purified from alfalfa, were confirmed by comparison of mass spectra with those from authentic standards. The discovery of norspermidine and norspermine in alfalfa implicates the presence of at least two biosynthetic enzymes, a polyamine oxidase and a previously uncharacterized aminopropyltransferase. PMID:16666576

La selección de sentencias para la unificación de la jurisprudencia. Tres historias paralelas entre la Corte Constitucional, el Consejo de Estado y la Sala de Casación Civil de la Corte Suprema de Justicia

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Juan Carlos Guayacán

2010-12-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se comparan la selección de fallos de tutela para revisión eventual hecha por la Corte Constitucional, la selección de sentencias realizada por la Sala de Casación Civil de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, y la selección que efectúa el Consejo de Estado respecto de los fallos proferidos por tribunales en acciones populares y de grupo. Se destacan los puntos diversos y los aspectos que tiene en común esta facultad de selección en cada uno de los altos tribunales; se hace notar que a dicha potestad no se le reconoce la misma naturaleza jurídica en todos los casos, y se reseña el perfil propio que ha ido consolidando el derecho vivo en cada uno de ellos. En la segunda parte se propone la unificación de dicha naturaleza jurídica y se advierte que si la decisión de no seleccionar una sentencia no debe ser motivada, la función de la selección no puede ser de nomofilaquia sino de simple unificación de la jurisprudencia, por lo que el contenido de la providencia revisada debería permanecer incólume.

Viviendas de bajo costo sistema SALVY

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Suárez Ibarra, Salvador

1984-06-01

Full Text Available The aim of this work is to offer an alternative for solving the current problem of housing, through a building system which has been developed and tested in our country — the SAL VY SYSTEM. It is directed towards solving the problem of low-cost housing with own technology, enabling these houses to be built quickly, using materials which are not traditional in building, but are abundant in our country. The house presented by us allows the user to extend its height according to his needs and financial possibilities, keeping the free area of the plot for so-called kitchen gardens.Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar una alternativa para la solución del problema actual de la vivienda, a través de un sistema constructivo desarrollado y experimentado en nuestro país —SISTEMA SALVY, dirigido a solucionar el problema de la vivienda de bajo costo, con una tecnología propia que permite la construcción de estas viviendas de una manera rápida, utilizando materiales no tradicionales en construcción, pero abundantes en nuestro país. La vivienda que presentamos permite al usuario ampliarla en altura, de acuerdo a sus necesidades y posibilidades económicas, manteniendo el área libre de la parcela para los denominados huertos del hogar.

Avaliação da correção da energia pelo balanço de nitrogênio em alimentos para frangos de corte

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R.C. Andrade

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de determinar valores de energia metabolizável aparente e de energia metabolizável aparente corrigida pelo balanço de nitrogênio de alimentos para frangos de corte, bem como avaliar os efeitos da correção da energia sobre seu desempenho, foram conduzidos dois experimentos: I determinação da energia do milho, do farelo de soja, da farinha de carne e ossos, da farinha de vísceras e da farinha de penas, pelo método de coleta total de excretas, utilizando-se 450 pintos de corte com um dia de idade, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, sendo seis tratamentos e cinco repetições; II desempenho de 960 frangos de corte, distribuídos ao acaso, em cinco tratamentos e seis repetições. As aves que receberam os tratamentos A (matriz energética de acordo com Rostagno et al. (2011 e E (energia sem correção com ajuste pela idade apresentaram melhor desempenho, e as aves do tratamento E tiveram melhor conversão alimentar. Portanto, formulações com energia sem correção pelo balanço de nitrogênio e ajustadas pela idade são viáveis tanto sob o ponto de vista zootécnico, quanto econômico.

The effects of Nigella sativa on thyroid function, serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) - 1, Nesfatin-1 and anthropometric features in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a randomized controlled trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Farhangi, Mahdieh Abbasalizad; Dehghan, Parvin; Tajmiri, Siroos; Abbasi, Mehran Mesgari

2016-11-16

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder and the most common cause of hypothyroidism. The use of Nigella sativa, a potent herbal medicine, continues to increase worldwide as an alternative treatment of several chronic diseases including hyperlipidemia, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of Nigella sativa on thyroid function, serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) - 1, Nesfatin-1 and anthropometric features in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Forty patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, aged between 22 and 50 years old, participated in the trial and were randomly allocated into two groups of intervention and control receiving powdered Nigella sativa or placebo daily for 8 weeks. Changes in anthropometric variables, dietary intakes, thyroid status, serum VEGF and Nesfatin-1 concentrations after 8 weeks were measured. Treatment with Nigella sativa significantly reduced body weight and body mass index (BMI). Serum concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies decreased while serum T3 concentrations increased in Nigella sativa-treated group after 8 weeks. There was a significant reduction in serum VEGF concentrations in intervention group. None of these changes had been observed in placebo treated group. In stepwise multiple regression model, changes in waist to hip ratio (WHR) and thyroid hormones were significant predictors of changes in serum VEGF and Nesgfatin-1 values in Nigella sativa treated group (P thyroid status and anthropometric variables in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Moreover, Nigella sativa significantly reduced serum VEGF concentrations in these patients. Considering observed health- promoting effect of this medicinal plant in ameliorating the disease severity, it can be regarded as a useful therapeutic approach in management of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Iranian registry of clinical trials

Protective effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Nigella sativa L.and Portulaca oleracea L. on free radical induced hemolysis of RBCs

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E Taghiabadi

2011-10-01

Full Text Available "n  Background and the purpose of the study: It has been shown that Nigella sativa L. and Portulaca oleracea L. have many antioxidant components. In the present study, the cytoprotective effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of N.sativa and P.oleracea against hemolytic damages induced by free radical initiator, AAPH [2, 2' azobis (2- amidinopropane hydrochloride] was evaluated. "n  Methods: Hemolysis was induced by addition of AAPH. To study the cytoprotective effect, aqueous (50, 200, 300, 400, 800 μg/ml and ethanolic (25, 100, 150, 200 and 400 μg/ml extracts of N. sativa and aqueous (25, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 400 μg/ml and ethanolic (300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1800 μg/ml extracts of P. oleracea were employed. RBCs were incubated with both extracts and AAPH at 37 °C for 6 hrs. In order to evaluate the impact of the time of addition, extracts were added one and 2 hrs after AAPH. Samples of suspensions were removed at different times and the degree of hemolysis was assessed spectrophotometrically by reading the absorption of supernatants at 540 nm. "n  Results: Aqueous (300, 400 and 800 μg/ml and ethanolic (150, 200 and 400 μg/ml extracts of N.sativa and also, aqueous (100, 150, 200 and 400 μg/ml and ethanolic (1200, 1800 μg/ml extracts of P.oleracea showed concentration-dependent cytoprotective effects. Addition of extracts one hour after AAPH reduced but did not eliminate protective activities of extracts. "n  Conclusion: Cytorotective effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of N. sativa and P. oleracea against AAPH- induced hemolysis may be related to antioxidant properties of these plants.

Semi-high throughput screening for potential drought-tolerance in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) germplasm collections

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This protocol describes a method by which a large collection of the leafy green vegetable lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) germplasm was screened for likely drought-tolerance traits. Fresh water availability for agricultural use is a growing concern across the United States as well as many regions of th...

Metamorfosis: La animalidad y el mito en La Metamorfosis de Kafka y Axolotl de Cortázar

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Catalina Villalobos Díaz

2017-07-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo propone una lectura de la animalidad, principalmente de la metamorfosis, por medio de dos relatos de dos grandes escritores de la literatura: Axolotl, de Julio Cortázar, y La Metamorfosis, de Franz Kafka. A través de estos textos, se plantea un análisis con respecto a lo que representa una transformación y el mito tras la metamorfosis como tal.

Desarrollo de un algoritmo para la generación y elección de soluciones de corte en la operación de canteo y despuntado en aserraderos

OpenAIRE

Francisco Vergara González; Felipe Baesler Abufarde; Mario Ramos Maldonado

2011-01-01

En este trabajo se desarrolló un algoritmo que integra las mejores prácticas aplicadas en los aserraderos y una metodología de análisis geométrico de líneas de corte. La aplicación fue programada en lenguaje C++, siendo alimentada con las dimensiones de las piezas deseadas de producir, sus respectivos precios y la geometría en 2-D de la tapa a cortar, generando como resultado una solución de corte en ancho y largo para tapa ingresada. Las soluciones obtenidas se compararon con un patrón que c...

A neurotoxicidade da Cannabis sativa e suas repercussões sobre a morfologia do tecido cerebral

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Bárbara da Silva Santos

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Para a compreensão das repercussões psicológicas e comportamentais verificadas em usuários de Cannabis sativa, experimentos têm sido desenvolvidos analisando a relação entre a intensidade do uso da droga e biomarcadores de lesão e inflamação. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo realizar pesquisa bibliográfica, relacionando marcadores bioquímicos de neurotoxicidade e suas repercussões sobre a morfologia do tecido cerebral em usuários de Cannabis sativa, durante a exposição ao ∆9-THC por via intravenosa e em pesquisas in vitro. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa cuja pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada nos bancos de dados PubMed, SciELO e Google Acadêmico, utilizando-se como critério de inclusão os seguintes termos: “Cannabis sativa”, “marijuana”, “maconha”, “Δ9-THC”, “neurotrophins”, “neurotrofinas”, “prostaglandins”, “prostaglandinas”, “BDNF” e “NGF”. Dessa forma, foram selecionados 40 artigos para integrar a presente revisão, datados de 1987 a 2013. O período de realização da pesquisa bibliográfica foi de agosto de 2011 a maio de 2013. Foi possível identificar os tipos e a magnitude das alterações morfológicas e bioquímicas decorrentes do uso de Cannabis sativa ou da exposição ao ∆9-THC. De uma forma geral, foi constatada a diminuição das massas cinzenta e branca do cérebro, da densidade do hipocampo, do volume das células neurais, entre outros. Foram constatadas também alterações nos níveis séricos de neurotrofinas e na biossíntese de prostaglandinas, de acordo com a metodologia utilizada ou região avaliada. Esses achados poderiam estar relacionados às mudanças comportamentais observadas em usuários de Cannabis sativa, esclarecendo, por exemplo, diversos sintomas psíquicos relatados na literatura.

Exploring the power of rice (O. sativa x O. rufipogon) chromosome segment substitution line libraries

Science.gov (United States)

Transgressive variation was reported as an increase in grain yield for several rice (Oryza sativa x O. rufipogon) advanced backcross mapping populations. The objective of this study was to develop chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) libraries to further dissect the reported transgressive var...

La Corte Internacional de Justicia y la intervención de terceros en cuestiones marítimas: A propósito de la decisión en las solicitudes de intervención de Costa Rica y Honduras en la Controversia territorial y marítima (Nicaragua vs. Colombia

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Andrés Sarmiento Lamus

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El artículo 62 del Estatuto de la Corte Internacional de Justicia establece que todo Estado que considere tener un interés de orden jurídico que pueda ser afectado por la decisión de un litigio podrá solicitar interve­nir, siendo la Corte quien decida respecto de dicha solicitud. Los últimos desarrollos jurisprudenciales de la Corte en materia de intervención mos­traban cómo las discusiones surgidas, a escala jurisprudencial y doctrinal, alrededor de la interpretación y aplicación de la intervención parecían haber desaparecido. Sin embargo, las recientes decisiones de la Corte respecto de las solicitudes de intervención de Costa Rica y Honduras en la Controversia Territorial y Marítima entre Nicaragua y Colombia han revivido de nuevo la controversia. Este artículo presenta una introducción general a la institución de la intervención, explicando la aplicación que la Corte ha dado a la misma y analiza cada uno de los requisitos que deben cumplirse para intervenir en asuntos sometidos a la Corte para su solución. Como conclusión, se realiza un comentario y análisis de las decisiones de la Corte en las más recientes solicitudes de intervención.

Transformation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

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Michelmore, R; Marsh, E; Seely, S; Landry, B

1987-12-01

Lactuca sativa can be routinely transformed using Ti plasmids of Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing a chimeric kanamycin resistance gene (NOS.NPTII.NOS). Critical experimental variables were plant genotype, bacterial concentration, presence of a nurse culture and timing of transfers between tissue culture media. Transformation was confirmed by the ability to callus and root in the presence of kanamycin, nopaline production, and by hybridization in Southern blots. Transformation has been achieved with several Ti vectors. Several hundred transformed plants have been regenerated. Kanamycin resistance was inherited monogenically. Homozygotes can be selected by growing R2 seedlings on media containing G418.

Avaliação do desempenho de dispositivo de corte de base de colhedora de cana-de-açúcar Evaluation of the performance of a base cutting device of a sugar cane harvester

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José V. Salvi

2007-04-01

Full Text Available A utilização da colheita mecanizada na cana-de-açúcar faz surgir preocupações quanto à qualidade do corte e à perda de matéria-prima; para minimizar esses problemas, os fabricantes de colhedoras têm desenvolvido dispositivos para auxiliar o operador no controle da altura de corte. Em vista disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho qualitativo de um dispositivo semi-automático de controle de altura de corte basal, instalado em uma colhedora de cana picada. Analisou-se em duas situações, com e sem o uso do dispositivo, a variabilidade da altura de corte, tocos arrancados e impureza mineral, por meio de estatística descritiva. Para as condições analisadas, o corte de base não está sob controle estatístico, não sendo possível manter a altura de corte determinada pela usina. O uso do dispositivo pode ser útil para a manutenção de altura de corte menor, mas é influenciado pelo estado do canavial e não mostrou vantagens quanto à impureza mineral; no entanto, apresentou menor freqüência de tocos arrancados. Existem diferenças na altura do toco e na impureza mineral quando se considera o período de trabalho (manhã/tarde.The use of mechanized harvesting in sugar cane brings up some concerns related to cut quality and raw material losses. In order to minimize this problem, harvester producers have developed devices that help the operator to control the cutting height. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of a semi-automatic cutting control device at the base, fitted onto a chopped sugar cane harvester. The variability of the cutting height, removed stems' base and mineral impurities were analyzed. Under the studied conditions, the height of the base cut, with or without the use of the control device is not under statistical control, and the process can not meet the cutting height specification determined by the sugar mill. The use of the control device can be helpful to maintain a lower cutting

Análisis del bajo peso en la atención primaria

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Miguel Lugones Botell

1995-08-01

Full Text Available Se realiza un estudio retrospectivo de algunos aspectos relacionados con la atención prenatal de las gestantes y su análisis correspondiente, que tuvieron recién nacidos de bajo peso en el período comprendido entre 1988 y 1991, ambos inclusive. Se concluye que los principales factores relacionados con éste fueron: nuliparidad, madre trabajadora, poca ganancia de peso en el embarazo y entre las afecciones asociadas con la gestación encontramos la amenaza de aborto, la anemia y la enfermedad hipertensiva del embarazo, entre las más frecuentes.

Revitalization of Industrial Hemp Cannabis sativa L. Var. sativa in Slovenia: a Study of Green Hemp Fibres

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Rijavec Tatjana

2017-03-01

Full Text Available The importance of industrial hemp as a source of highly valuable textile fi bres is briefly presented through its use for textiles and composites and its increasing cultivated areas in the 21st century. On the territory of present Slovenia, about 160 ha of agricultural area was cultivated with hemp before WWII, then it quickly began to decline and at the end of the 1970s, it was no longer cultivated. Revitalization of industrial hemp in Slovenia with fi eld experiments started already in the years 2000/2001 for producing seeds, whereas hemp fi bres were used only as an insulation for buildings. The textile technological properties of hemp fi bres from diff erent varieties grown in Slovenia have not been examined till now. They are important for using hemp fibres in highly valuable textile products. The properties of green hemp fi bres extracted mechanically from non-retted hemp stems of Cannabis sativa L. var. sativa (varieties: Novosadska, Juso-11, Bialobrzeskie, Unico- B and Beniko were determined. All the analysed varieties except Beniko had stem height over 200 cm. The highest yield of green fibres was 33.1% (Novosadska. The analysed green fibres’ content was 1.24–3.26% of ash, 7.77–8.50% of moisture regain, 10.69–13.92% of water-soluble substances and 8.45–10.83% of pectin. Through a biodegradation process of retting green hemp fibres in tap water at temperature 35°C, 9.01– 18.89% of dry mass was removed after ten days. Average linear density of green hemp fi bres was very high, around 200 tex. Tenacity of fi bres’ bundles was in the range of 167–272 MPa, but tenacity of elementary fibres was 548–672 MPa. From the curves of specific stress-strain, it is seen that green hemp fibres from all five varieties had similar superstructure. All analysed green hemp fibres had high linear density and low mechanical properties. For textile application, they should be further processed into finer fibres in order to increase their

Producción de hortalizas bajo invernaderos (fitotoldos), en la mejora de la alimentación familiar en zonas Altoandinas, Melgar, Puno Perú

OpenAIRE

Morocco Pilco,Natali Beatriz

2015-01-01

El trabajo se desarrolló en los distritos de Umachiri, Cupi y Macari, provincia de Melgar, Región Puno, Perú, sobre los 3900 m.s.n.m.; con el objetivo de determinar los beneficios de la producción de hortalizas bajo invernaderos (fitotoldos) en la alimentación familiar. Se seleccionaron 25 familias para realizar las determinaciones en campo. La producción de hortalizas bajo invernadero (fitotoldos) en zonas alto andinas, permite generar disponibilidad y acesso a alimentos diversificados y nut...

Study of agronomic characteristics and advantage indices in intercropping of additive series of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.)

OpenAIRE

esmaeil rezaei-chiyaneh; Esmaeil Gholinezhad

2015-01-01

Study of agronomic characteristics and advantage indices in intercropping of additive series of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Abstract In order to evaluate quantitive and qualitive yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) in intercropping of additive series, a field experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications in West Azerbaijan province- city Nagadeh, Iran during growing r...

Terpene synthases from Cannabis sativa.

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Judith K Booth

Full Text Available Cannabis (Cannabis sativa plants produce and accumulate a terpene-rich resin in glandular trichomes, which are abundant on the surface of the female inflorescence. Bouquets of different monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes are important components of cannabis resin as they define some of the unique organoleptic properties and may also influence medicinal qualities of different cannabis strains and varieties. Transcriptome analysis of trichomes of the cannabis hemp variety 'Finola' revealed sequences of all stages of terpene biosynthesis. Nine cannabis terpene synthases (CsTPS were identified in subfamilies TPS-a and TPS-b. Functional characterization identified mono- and sesqui-TPS, whose products collectively comprise most of the terpenes of 'Finola' resin, including major compounds such as β-myrcene, (E-β-ocimene, (--limonene, (+-α-pinene, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene. Transcripts associated with terpene biosynthesis are highly expressed in trichomes compared to non-resin producing tissues. Knowledge of the CsTPS gene family may offer opportunities for selection and improvement of terpene profiles of interest in different cannabis strains and varieties.

A GRASP METAHEURISTIC FOR THE ORDERED CUTTING STOCK PROBLEM UN META-HEURÍSTICO GRASP PARA EL PROBLEMA DE STOCK DE CORTE ORDENADO

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Rodrigo Rabello Golfeto

2008-12-01

Full Text Available This study presents a new mathematical model and a Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP meta-heuristic to solve the ordered cutting stock problem. The ordered cutting stock problem was recently introduced in literature. It is appropriate to minimize the raw material used by industries that deal with reduced product inventories, such as industries that use the just-in-time basis for their production. In such cases, classic models for solving the cutting stock problem are useless. Results obtained from computational experiments for a set of random instances demonstrate that the proposed method can be applied to large industries that process cuts on their production lines and do not stock their products.Este estudio presenta un nuevo modelo matemático y un procedimiento meta-heurístico de búsqueda voraz adaptativa y aleatoria (GRASP, por sus siglas en inglés para resolver el problema de stock de corte ordenado. Éste problema ha sido introducido recientemente en la literatura. Es apropiado minimizar la materia prima usada por las industrias que manipulan inventarios reducidos de productos, tales como las industrias que usan la base justo a tiempo para su producción. En tales casos, los modelos clásicos para resolver el problema de stock de corte ordenado son inútiles. Los resultados obtenidos, mediante experimentos computacionales para un conjunto de ejemplos aleatorios, demuestran que el método propuesto puede ser aplicado a industrias grandes que procesan cortes en sus líneas de producción y no mantienen en stock sus productos.

The Bibenzyl Canniprene Inhibits the Production of Pro-Inflammatory Eicosanoids and Selectively Accumulates in Some Cannabis sativa Strains.

Science.gov (United States)

Allegrone, Gianna; Pollastro, Federica; Magagnini, Gianmaria; Taglialatela-Scafati, Orazio; Seegers, Julia; Koeberle, Andreas; Werz, Oliver; Appendino, Giovanni

2017-03-24

Canniprene (1), an isoprenylated bibenzyl unique to Cannabis sativa, can be vaporized and therefore potentially inhaled from marijuana. Canniprene (1) potently inhibited the production of inflammatory eicosanoids via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway (IC 50 0.4 μM) and also affected the generation of prostaglandins via the cyclooxygenase/microsomal prostaglandin E 2 synthase pathway (IC 50 10 μM), while the related spiranoid bibenzyls cannabispiranol (2) and cannabispirenone (3) were almost inactive in these bioassays. The concentration of canniprene (1) was investigated in the leaves of 160 strains of C. sativa, showing wide variations, from traces to >0.2%, but no correlation was found between its accumulation and a specific phytocannabinoid profile.

Indicadores del bajo peso al nacer en el área de salud del Policlínico Docente "José Martí Pérez" durante un quinquenio

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Nolvis Argota Matos

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de los 252 nacidos con bajo peso pertenecientes al área de salud del Policlínico Docente "José Martí Pérez" de Santiago de Cuba, durante el quinquenio 2007-2011, a fin de caracterizarles y determinar cómo se manifestó el bajo peso al nacer en ellos. Se incluyeron las variables: índices de bajo peso al nacer, peso al nacer, distribución y fallecidos según sus formas clínicas, mortalidad del nacido con peso menor de 2 000 g y su supervivencia, causa del nacimiento pretérmino e indicaciones médicas. En la serie el índice de bajo peso aumentó de 6,9 en 2007 a 7,1 en el 2011, predominó como forma clínica el crecimiento intrauterino retardado, la preeclampsia grave fue el diagnóstico médico más frecuente y el mayor número de fallecidos correspondió al grupo con peso menor de 2 000 g. De igual manera, se logró un incremento en la supervivencia de estos recién nacidos, en directa relación con la mejoría ostensible de los indicadores en el período.

MEMÒRIA DE LA PRESÓ DE DONES DE LES CORTS. Un balanç (2006-2014 i una mirada al present

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Fernando Hernández Holgado

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Aquest article pretén fer un balanç de la tasca desenvolupada des del portal web Memòria de la presó de dones de Les Corts ‐wwwpresodelescorts.org‐ presentat el 2006 a Barcelona per l'Associació per la Cultura i la Memòria de Catalunya (ACMe, encara en actiu. El text consta de dues parts. En la primera es descriu el projecte situant‐lo en el camp de la història pública, la història digital i la historial oral. La segona es refereix més concretament a les activitats realitzades durant tots aquests anys: des de les de difusió pedagògica –la seva presentació a escoles i instituts‐ fins a les de participació ciutadana, amb la dinamització d'un procés de senyalització, actualment en marxa, que pretén la materialització d’un futur monument a l'antic terreny de la presó, al barri barceloní de les Corts.

“Joie de la cort / joie de l’acort”. L’armonia degli elementi discordi nell’«Erec et Enide»

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Beatrice Barbiellini Amidei

2014-12-01

Full Text Available L’articolo si sofferma sulla tematica delle nozze e dell’accordo degli elementi discordanti nell’Erec et Enide di Chrétien de Troyes, e sull’interpretazione allegorica della conjointure, con riferimento a Marziano Capella e a Macrobio. Una lettura allegorica viene proposta anche per il nome dell’avventura della «joie de la cort» che si può anche intendere come «joie de l’acort», in cui l’autore sintetizza come en abyme gli intenti del romanzo.The article treats the theme of the marriage and the armony of discordant elements in the Erec and Enide of Chrétien de Troyes, underlining the allegorical meaning of the conjointure, with reference to Martianus Capella and Macrobius. An allegorical interpretation is proposed also for the final adventure of the «joie de la cort» ‘Joy of the Court’, that is to be regarded also as a «joie de l’acort» ‘Joy of Agreement’, in which the author reveals and summarizes the focus of his romance.

Experimental tolerance to boron of the plant species Nicotiana glauca, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Tecoma stans, Medicago sativa y Spinacea oleracea in Argentina; Tolerancia experimental de las especies vegetales Nicotiana glauca, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Tecoma stans, Medicago sativa y Spinacea oleracea al boro, en Argentina

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Viana, Marta L. de; Albarracin Franco, Silvia [Univ. Nacional de Salta, Inst. de Ecologia y Ambiente Humano, CIUNSa, Buenos Aires No. 177, 4400, Salta (Argentina)], E-mail: mldeviana@arnet.com.ar

2008-09-15

The activity of the borate deposits industries constitutes a point source and diffuse pollution of air, soil and water. Therefore, the study and experimentation on possible ways to offset this impact is a priority. A relatively new technique to decontaminate soils is phytoremediation, which uses plants and associated microorganisms. The first step is to identify tolerant plant species, which is the focus of this work. An experiment was conducted in the laboratory to evaluate the germination, survival and growth of different species in different concentrations of boron. At the beginning and end of the experiment was determined concentration of boron in the substrate for each treatment and for substrates with and without vegetation. Significant differences due to treatment, the species and species-treatment interaction. M. sativa, N. glauca and J. mimosifolia were the species most tolerant to boron. The other species showed a decrease in all variables-response function of the concentration of the contaminant. All had low survival in the highest concentration. The decrease of boron was highest in the treatment of 30 ppm of boron with M. sativa and the lowest was recorded in the treatment of 20 ppm of boron with J. mimosifolia and 30 ppm of boron with T. stans and S. oleracea. It is concluded that N. glauca, M. sativa and J. mimosifolia could be considered as promising remediation. (author) [Spanish] La actividad de las industrias borateras constituye una fuente puntual y difusa de contaminacion del aire, suelo y aguas superficiales y profundas. Por lo tanto, el estudio y experimentacion acerca de las posibles formas de contrarrestar este impacto constituye una prioridad. Una tecnica relativamente nueva para descontaminar suelos es la fitorremediacion, que emplea plantas y microorganismos asociados. El primer paso es detectar las especies vegetales tolerantes, lo que constituye el objetivo de este trabajo. Se realizo un experimento en laboratorio para evaluar la

GUANTÁNAMO NA SUPREMA CORTE DOS ESTADOS UNIDOS

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Ana Luisa Zago de Moraes

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Após os atentados de 11 de setembro de 2001, o governo norte-americano iniciou  uma“guerra ao terrorismo”, sendo uma das medidas o aprisionamento de supostos terroristas  na Base Naval de Guantánamo, em Cuba, vedando aos detentos o acesso aos tribunais americanos e quaisquer direitos e os tratando como inimigos. Em resposta a essa situação, bem como aos atos normativos que regem o encarceramento, (não processamento e tratamento na prisão, a Suprema Corte Americana, durante o governo de George W. Bush, proferiu três decisões nos casos de terroristas presos nestas circunstâncias. Na primeira, concluiu que o Habeas Corpus é garantia que se estende a qualquer indivíduo; na segunda, invocou o direito internacional dos direitos humanos e salientou que todos os seres humanos são titulares de algum tipo de proteção com base apenas em sua própria humanidade; por fim, na última, afastou novas normas que excluíam a garantia de  Habeas Corpus e conclui que juntas militares não constituem um mecanismo justo para evitar a prisão de inocentes.

Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptor (CB1) Ligands with Therapeutic Potential for Withdrawal Syndrome in Chemical Dependents of Cannabis sativa.

Science.gov (United States)

Ferreira, Jaderson V; Chaves, Gisele A; Marino, Bianca L B; Sousa, Kessia P A; Souza, Lucilene R; Brito, Maiara F B; Teixeira, Hueldem R C; da Silva, Carlos H T P; Santos, Cleydson B R; Hage-Melim, Lorane I S

2017-08-22

Cannabis sativa withdrawal syndrome is characterized mainly by psychological symptoms. By using computational tools, the aim of this study was to propose drug candidates for treating withdrawal syndrome based on the natural ligands of the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1). One compound in particular, 2-n-butyl-5-n-pentylbenzene-1,3-diol (ZINC1730183, also known as stemphol), showed positive predictions as a human CB1 ligand and for facile synthetic accessibility. Therefore, ZINC1730183 is a favorable candidate scaffold for further research into pharmacotherapeutic alternatives to treat C. sativa withdrawal syndrome. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Obcy gatunkowo pyłek i czynnik chemiczny w indukcji rozwoju zarodków haploidalnych u Lactuca sativa L.

OpenAIRE

Piosik, Łukasz

2014-01-01

Wydział Biologii Sałata siewna (Lactuca sativa) jest popularną oraz cenną z ekonomicznego punktu widzenia rośliną warzywną. Głównym celem tej pracy było opracowanie efektywnej metody haploidyzacji Lactuca sativa, która byłaby użyteczna dla hodowców sałaty siewnej. Krzyżowanie oddalone oraz chemiczną indukcję prowadzono w warunkach in vivo oraz in vitro. Pyłek wszystkich gatunków należących do Asteraceae, kiełkował na znamionach sałaty już 1h po zapyleniu. Rozwój haploidalnych prazarodk...

Importancia de los antecedentes maternos en el recién nacido bajo peso

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Gil Vicente Sarmiento Brooks

2000-10-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico, con un modelo de diseño del tipo casos y controles en 117 mujeres del Policlínico Docente "La Rampa" perteneciente al municipio Plaza de la Revolución de las cuales 17 tuvieron un recién nacido con un peso inferior a los 2 500 g. Las restantes 100 mujeres lograron niños con un peso igual al anteriormente señalado o superior. Analizamos la influencia de algunos antecedentes como el orden de nacimientos y de embarazos, el número de abortos y las gestaciones de bajo peso anteriores y determinados antecedentes patológicos de la madre. Se concluyó que los factores que influyen en el nacimiento de un niño con bajo peso son, entre otros: que sea el primer nacimiento (RR = 2; el primer embarazo (RR = 1,8; el haber tenido 2 o más abortos previos (RR = 4,9, el antecedente de haber tenido uno o más recién nacido de bajo peso (RNBP (RR = 6,9 y ciertas enfermedades maternas como la urosepsis (RR = 3,7, la hipertensión crónica (RR = 3,21, la anemia (RR = 2,7 y el asma (RR = 1,9. Se hacen algunas recomendacionesAn observational and analytical case-control study was conducted among 117 women attended at "La Rampa" Teaching Polyclinic, in the municipality of Plaza de la Revolución. 17 of these women had a newborn infant with a birth weight under 2 500 g. The rest of them had children with the same weight or higher. The influence of some history as the order of births and pregnancies, the number of abortions and the previous low weight gestations and certain pathological history of the mother were analyzed. It was concluded that the factors that influenced on the birth of a low birth weight infant are, among others: the first birth (RR=2, the first pregnancy (RR=1,8; having had 2 or more previous abortions (RR=4,9, having had one or more low birth weight infants (RR=6,9, and some maternal diseases as urosepsis (RR=3,7, chronic hypertension (RR=3,21, anemia (RR=2,7 and asthma (RR=1,9

Nigella sativa Oil Enhances the Spatial Working Memory Performance of Rats on a Radial Arm Maze

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Mohamad Khairul Azali Sahak

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Nigella sativa, an established historical and religion-based remedy for a wide range of health problems, is a herbal medicine known to have antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. This present study investigated the effect of Nigella sativa oil (NSO administration on the spatial memory performance (SMP of male adult rats using eight-arm radial arm maze (RAM. Twelve Sprague Dawley rats (7–9 weeks old were force-fed daily with 6.0 μL/100 g body weight of Nigella sativa oil (NSO group; n=6 or 0.1 mL/100 g body weight of corn oil (control (CO group; n=6 for a period of 20 consecutive weeks. For each weekly evaluation of SMP, one day food-deprived rats were tested by allowing each of them 3 minutes to explore the RAM for food as their rewards. Similar to the control group, the SMP of the treated group was not hindered, as indicated by the establishment of the reference and working memory components of the spatial memory. The results demonstrated that lesser mean numbers of error were observed for the NSO-treated group in both parameters as compared to the CO-treated group. NSO could therefore enhance the learning and memory abilities of the rats; there was a significant decrease in the overall mean number of working memory error (WME in the NSO-treated group.

DEWAX Transcription Factor Is Involved in Resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis thaliana and Camelina sativa

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Seulgi Ju

2017-07-01

Full Text Available The cuticle of land plants is the first physical barrier to protect their aerial parts from biotic and abiotic stresses. DEWAX, an AP2/ERF-type transcription factor, negatively regulates cuticular wax biosynthesis. In this study, we investigated the resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis thaliana and Camelina sativa overexpressing DEWAX and in Arabidopsis dewax mutant. Compared to wild type (WT leaves, Arabidopsis DEWAX OX and dewax leaves were more and less permeable to toluidine blue dye, respectively. The ROS levels increased in DEWAX OX leaves, but decreased in dewax relative to WT leaves. Compared to WT, DEWAX OX was more resistant, while dewax was more sensitive to B. cinerea; however, defense responses to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000:GFP were inversely modulated. Microarray and RT-PCR analyses indicated that the expression of defense-related genes was upregulated in DEWAX OX, but downregulated in dewax relative to WT. Transactivation assay showed that DEWAX upregulated the expression of PDF1.2a, IGMT1, and PRX37. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that DEWAX directly interacts with the GCC-box motifs of PDF1.2a promoter. In addition, ectopic expression of DEWAX increased the tolerance to B. cinerea in C. sativa. Taken together, we suggest that increased ROS accumulation and DEWAX-mediated upregulation of defense-related genes are closely associated with enhanced resistance to B. cinerea in Arabidopsis and C. sativa.

Escenario para una Corte real: Madrid en tiempos de Enrique IV

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María del Pilar RÁBADE OBRADÓ

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo pretende estudiar la itinerancia cortesana durante el reinado de Enrique IV de Castilla (1454-1474, en relación con el caso concreto de Madrid. El estudio se va a realizar a través del análisis de la crónica del reinado redactada por Diego Enríquez del Castillo. Durante el reinado de Enrique IV, Madrid fue la ciudad que se convirtió con más frecuencia en residencia de la Corte. Lo fue porque Madrid contaba con alicientes como su estratégica ubicación geográfica, su potente alcázar y la proximidad con el cazadero de El Pardo. Madrid albergó a la Corte en momentos de calma y sosiego y en otros convulsos y difíciles. Además, Madrid fue testigo de acontecimientos muy destacados de la vida del rey: el nacimiento de su hija Juana, e incluso su muerte.Ce travail essaie d'étudier l'itinérance de la cour pendant le règne d'Henri IV de Castille (1454-1474, en relation avec le cas concret de Madrid. L'étude partira de l'analyse de la chronique du règne rédigée par Diego Enríquez del Castillo. Sous Henri IV, Madrid a été la ville qui s'est le plus fréquemment convertie en résidence de la cour. En effet, Madrid disposait des attraits suivants : sa situation géographique stratégique, son puissant alcazar et la proximité du manoir de chasse d’El Pardo. Madrid a hébergé la cour dans des moments de calme comme dans des périodes agitées. De plus, Madrid a été témoin d'événements importants de la vie du roi : la naissance de sa fille Juana, et même sa mort.

Laju Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jintan Hitam (Nigella sativa L. dengan Aplikasi Pupuk Kandang Sapi dan Fosfat Alam

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Taopik Ridwan

2014-09-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Black cumin (Nigella sativa L. is a medicinal plant and spices belongs to the Ranunculaceae family. Black cumin seed contains some  secondary compounds and rich in nutrition that are beneficial  to health. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of organic fertilizer rates on plant growth and production of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.. This research was conducted at Manoko Lembang, Bandung Barat from October 2012 to January 2013. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatment consists of two factors, i.e. cow manure and rates of rock phosphate. Rates of cow manure applied were 0, 10, 20, and 30 ton ha-1, and rates of rock phosphate were 0, 40, 80, and 120 kg P2O5 ha-1. The results showed that cow manure increased plant height, leaf number, branch  number, flower  number, fresh weight and dry weight of branch, leaf and total plant weight. Rock phosphate fertilizer increased  leaf  area  and  leaf  area index of plant. Fertilizers that can efficiently increase production was 10 tons cow manure ha-1 and 40 kg P2O5 ha-1.Keywords: cow manure, growth, Nigella sativa L, production, rock phosphate

Nigella sativa (black cumin) ameliorates potassium bromate-induced early events of carcinogenesis: diminution of oxidative stress.

Science.gov (United States)

Khan, Naghma; Sharma, Sonia; Sultana, Sarwat

2003-04-01

Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is a potent nephrotoxic agent. In this paper, we report the chemopreventive effect of Nigella sativa (black cumin) on KBrO3-mediated renal oxidative stress, toxicity and tumor promotion response in rats. KBrO3 (125 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) enhances lipid peroxidation, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, hydrogen peroxide and xanthine oxidase with reduction in the activities of renal antioxidant enzymes and renal glutathione content. A marked increase in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine has also been observed. KBrO3 treatment also enhances ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and [3H] thymidine incorporation into renal DNA. Prophylaxis of rats orally with Nigella sativa extract (50 mg/kg body weight and 100 mg/kg body weight) resulted in a significant decrease in renal microsomal lipid peroxidation (P stress, toxicity and tumour promotion response in rats.

Photography and Neobaroque Imaginary in Julio Cortázar's "Las babas del diablo": Can the Neobaroque Name a Photograph?

Science.gov (United States)

Hakobyan, Liana

2018-01-01

This article examines Julio Cortázar's short story "Las babas del diablo" from a visual perspective and at the intersection of Roland Barthes's ideas on photography and Severo Sarduy's theory on the Neobaroque. I propose that in "Las babas del diablo" photography and the Neobaroque--two seemingly unrelated concepts--interact…

O enriquecimento ambiental sobre o bem-estar de frangos de corte

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Elaine Cristina de Oliveira Sans

2014-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do enriquecimento ambiental sobre o bem-estar de frangos de corte em sistemas industriais. Um total de 400 frangos de corte machos, criados de um a 38 dias de idade, foram alojados em 20 boxes de 2m2 com 20 aves unidade-1 experimental, sendo 10 boxes com ambiente controle (AC e 10 com ambiente enriquecido (AE com poleiros, caixa de areia, couve, repolho e objetos suspensos. Aos sete, 21 e 35 dias foram avaliados claudicação, desvio valgo-varo e pododermatite (indicadores sanitários e colhidas amostras sanguíneas. Na primeira, segunda e sexta semanas, o comportamento das aves foi registrado pelo método de varredura durante 13 horas/dia, a cada 20min. Semanalmente, foram avaliados consumo médio, ganho de peso médio e conversão alimentar (desempenho das aves. Resultados hematológicos e de desempenho foram comparados pelo teste F, comportamentos e indicadores sanitários pelo teste Chi quadrado e mortalidade pelo teste T. Não houve diferença entre tratamentos para indicadores sanitários. Não houve diferença para relação heterófilo:linfócito (AC 0,47±0,02/AE 0,45±0,02, sendo que a contagem de basófilos ficou acima da normalidade em ambos os tratamentos (1338±97 µL-1; 1212±106 µL-1. Houve diminuição no comportamento de acocorar (35,0%/31,8% e dormir (14,6%/13,1% e aumento do banho de areia (0,9%/1,5%, bicar objetos (0,2%/0,6%, manutenção corporal (12,7%/14,2% e forragear (8,2%/12,0% em AE. Não houve diferença para mortalidade (2,5%/4,0% e desempenho. Os itens de enriquecimento mostraram benefícios em relação ao comportamento das aves, mas problemas sanitários afetaram negativamente seu bem-estar em ambos os tratamentos.

Cold acclimation induces distinctive changes in the chromatin state and transcript levels of COR genes in Cannabis sativa varieties with contrasting cold acclimation capacities.

Science.gov (United States)

Mayer, Boris F; Ali-Benali, Mohamed Ali; Demone, Jordan; Bertrand, Annick; Charron, Jean-Benoit

2015-11-01

Little is known about the capacity of Cannabis sativa to cold-acclimate and develop freezing tolerance. This study investigates the cold acclimation (CA) capacity of nine C. sativa varieties and the underlying genetic and epigenetic responses. The varieties were divided into three groups based on their contrasting CA capacities by comparing the survival of non-acclimated and cold-acclimated plants in whole-plant freeze tests. In response to the CA treatment, all varieties accumulated soluble sugars but only the varieties with superior capacity for CA could maintain higher levels throughout the treatment. In addition, the varieties that acclimated most efficiently accumulated higher transcript levels of cold-regulated (COR) genes and genes involved in de novo DNA methylation while displaying locus- and variety-specific changes in the levels of H3K9ac, H3K27me3 and methylcytosine (MeC) during CA. Furthermore, these hardy C. sativa varieties displayed significant increases in MeC levels at COR gene loci when deacclimated, suggesting a role for locus-specific DNA methylation in deacclimation. This study uncovers the molecular mechanisms underlying CA in C. sativa and reveals higher levels of complexity regarding how genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors intertwine. © 2014 Scandinavian Plant Physiology Society.

The potential of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) for sustainable fibre production: a crop physiological appraisal.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Werf, van der H.M.G.; Mathijssen, E.W.J.M.; Haverkort, A.J.

1996-01-01

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibre can be used as a raw material for paper and textile production. A comprehensive research programme in the Netherlands has concluded that fibre hemp is a potentially profitable crop, having the right profile to fit into sustainable farming systems. This paper presents

EFECTO DE LA FERTILIZACIÓN NITROGENADA Y DE LA EDAD DE CORTE SOBRE LA DIGESTIBILIDAD INTESTINAL In vitro DE LA PROTEÍNA DEL PASTO KIKUYO (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst NITROGEN FERTILIZATION EFFECT AND CUT AGE ON THE In vitro INTESTINAL DIGESTIBILITY OF KIKUYO GRASS (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst PROTEIN

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Marcelo Castañeda Colorado

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Con la finalidad de evaluar el efecto de la fertilización nitrogenada y de la edad de corte sobre la digestibilidad intestinal In vitro de la proteína del pasto kikuyo (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst, se seleccionaron 16 parcelas a las cuales se les asignó uno de los siguientes tratamientos (cuatro parcelas/tratamiento: T1 (30 días de corte y 0 kg/N/Ha/Corte, T2 (60 días de corte y 0 kg/N/Ha/Corte, T3 (60 días de corte y 50 kg/N/Ha/Corte y T4 (30 días de corte y 50 kg/N/Ha/Corte. Luego de 120 días de tratamiento se recolectaron 5 submuestras de cada parcela con las que se conformó una muestra final para cada parcela en las que se analizó el contenido de proteína cruda y se realizó la prueba de degradabilidad ruminal a 16 horas y la prueba de digestibilidad intestinal In vitro de la proteína por el método de los tres pasos. Los resultados mostraron que no hubo efecto de la edad de corte, ni de la fertilización nitrogenada sobre el porcentaje de proteína cruda del pasto kikuyo. Los valores de digestibilidad intestinal como porcentaje de la proteína no degradable en rumen fueron: 52,51%, 56,14% para las praderas sin fertilizar con edad de corte de 30 y 60 días respectivamente y 43,38%, 45,40% para las praderas fertilizadas con edad de corte de 30 y 60 días respectivamente.With the purpose of evaluating the effect of the nitrogen fertilization and cut age on the In vitro intestinal digestibility of kikuyo grass (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst protein, 16 plots were made, everyone assigned one of the following treatments (four plots per treatment: T1 (30 cut -day and 0 kg/ N/ Ha/ cut, T2 (60 cut-day and 0 kg/ N/ Ha/ cut, T3 (60 cut-day and 50 kg/ N/ Ha/ cut and T4 (30 cut-day and 50kg/ N/ Ha/ cut. 120 days after the treatment, 5 sub-samples were harvested of each plot, which were defined as final samples for each plot and, were realized to these samples a ruminal degradability trial for 16 hours and In vitro three-step method of

The effect of Medicago arabica, M. hybrida and M. sativa saponins on the growth and development of Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f. sp. tulipae apt.

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Anna Jarecka

2012-12-01

Full Text Available In the present work it was shown that total saponins originated from M. hybrida and M. sativa substantially limited mycelium growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. tulipae and symptoms of fusariosis on tulip bulbs. Out of 15 individual tested saponins originated from M. arabica, M. hybrida and M. sativa, four compounds: 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→2α-L-arabinopyranosyl] hederagenin, hederagenin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, medicagenic acid, medicagenic acid 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside had the strongest inhibitory effect on mycelium growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae on PDA medium. The total saponins from M. arabica, M. hybrida and M. sativa inhibited the number of colony forming units of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae in artificially infested substrate. The use of saponins originated from Medicago as a fungicide is suggested.

Utilização do alho (Allium sativum L.) como promotor de crescimento de frangos de corte Utilization of garlic (Allium sativum L.) as growth promoter of broilers

OpenAIRE

Reginaldo de Freitas; José Brandão Fonseca; Rita da Trindade Ribeiro Nobre Soares; Horacio Santiago Rostagno; Paulo Rubens Soares

2001-01-01

Três experimentos foram conduzidos com o objetivo de avaliar a utilização do alho na alimentação de frangos de corte, como promotor de crescimento. No primeiro experimento, foram utilizados 480 pintos de corte, sexados, distribuídos em seis tratamentos com oito repetições (quatro de machos e quatro de fêmeas), com dez aves cada uma. Os tratamentos foram: ração basal com milho, farelo de soja e fosfato bicálcio (RB1); RB1 + 0,2% de alho; RB1 + 0,4% de alho, RB1 + 0,6% de alho; RB1 + 0,001% de ...

Labor creadora de la jurisprudencia de la “Corte de Oro”. Los ejemplos de la causa del contrato, el error de derecho y la responsabilidad por actividades peligrosas

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Jorge Padilla

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Este es un breve análisis de la causa como requisito de validez del contrato, el error de derecho y la responsabilidad por actividades peligrosas en el marco del movimiento jurisprudencial de la Corte Suprema de Justicia durante el período comprendido entre 1936 y 1940 comúnmente conocido como el período de la “Corte de Oro”; realizado con la finalidad de verificar la labor creadora de derecho por parte de la jurisprudencia en nuestro país, el cambio en la interpretación de algunos preceptos del Código Civil colombiano y la suerte de estos cambios en la actualidad.