Anti-tumor effects of 125I radioactive particles implantation on transplantated tumor model of human breast cancer cells in nude mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xiao Zhongdi; Liang Chunlin; Zhang Guoli; Jing Yue; Zhang Yucheng; Gai Baodong

2011-01-01

Objective: To study the anti-tumor effects of 125 I radioactive particles implantation on transplantated tumor model of human breast cancer cells in nude mice and clarify their anti-tumor mechanisms. Methods 120 nude mice transplantated with human breast cancer cells MCF-7 were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=40): 125 I radioactive particles implanted group, non-radioactive particles implanted group and non-particles implanted group. The articles were implanted into mice according to Pairs system principle. The expressions of Fas mRNA and protein and the activaties of caspase-3 and caspase-8 enzyme were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The changes of cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. Results: Compared with non-radioactive particles implanted group and non-particles implanted group, the size of cancer tissues in 125 I radioactive particles implanted group was reduced significantly (P 0 /G 1 phase was significantly increased (P 125 I radioactive particles into transplantated tumor model of human breast cancer cells can kill tumor cells, inhibit the growth cycle of tumor cells and induce the apoptosis of tumor cells in nude mice. (authors)

Development of measurement method using TLD for workers occupation personally exposed to 125I seed source in the implant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luo Suming; He Zhijian; Yuan Jilong; Yue Baorong; Wei Kedao

2011-01-01

Objective: To explore the method for measuring and calculating both absorbed dose and effective dose received in organ and tissues of occupational workers by using TLDs for the implantation of 125 I seed sources. Methods The experiments with 60 Co γ-rays were carried out for the stability. A group of TLD chips was exposed to 125 I seed sources to establish standard dose curve for air kerma. During the 125 I seed implantation, the TLD chips were pasted to 13 locations like thyroid inside and outside the lead aprons worn by occupational workers to measure average absorbed dose and calculate the absorbed doses and effective to organs and tissues. Results: For 3 cases of prostate cancers with implantation of 125 I seeds, the worker's organs and tissues received the absorbed dose 0.02 -3.80 μ Gy and effective dose 0.06- 1.81 μSv outside lead aprons and the highest absorbed dose 2.35 μ Gy and effective 0.02 μSv inside lead aprons, respectively, with more than 65.9% of rays shielded. For 3 cases of brain cancers with implantation of 125 I seeds, the workers received the absorbed dose 0.23 - 11.31 μGy and effective dose 0.88-4.07 μSv outside lead aprons and the highest absorbed dose 2.22 μ Gy and effective dose 0.09 μSv inside lead aprons, respectively, with more than 54.5% of rays shielded. For 3 cases of lung cancers with implantation of 125 I seeds, the workers received the absorbed dose 0.03 - 14.78 μGy and effective dose 0.35 -7.59 μSv outside lead aprons and the highest absorbed dose 4.09 μGy and effective 0.22 μSv inside lead aprons, respectively, with more than 58.4% of rays shielded. For 2 cases of mediastinum cancers with implantation of 125 Iseeds, the workers received the absorbed dose 0.06 - 74.91 μGy and effective dose 0.83-17.96 μSv outside lead aprons and the highest absorbed dose 10.29 μGy and effective 0.5 μSv inside lead aprons, respectively, with more than 85% of rays shielded. For one case of ovary cancer with implantation of 125

{sup 125}I seed implant brachytherapy for the treatment of parotid gland cancers in children and adolescents

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zheng, L.; Zhang, J.; Song, T.; Zhang, J.; Yu, G.; Zhang, Y. [Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing (China). Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

2013-05-15

Background and purpose: There is a lack of optimal treatment strategies for managing salivary gland cancers in children and adolescents. This study is aimed at assessing the effect of {sup 125}I seed implantation for the treatment of parotid cancers in children and adolescents. Patients and methods: A total of 12 patients younger than 16 years with parotid gland malignant tumors underwent {sup 125}I seed implant brachytherapy between October 2003 and November 2008. All patients were assessed after treatment and at the local tumor control appointments. Facial nerve function, maxillofacial development, and radioactive side-effects were assessed. Results: The follow-up period ranged from 41-104 months. One patient with T4b died of pulmonary metastasis. The other patients were alive during the follow-up period. There were no serious radiation-related complications. The treatment did not affect facial nerve function and dentofacial growth in any of the children. Conclusion: For parotid gland cancers in children, {sup 125}I seed implant brachytherapy may be an acceptable treatment without serious complications and with satisfactory short-term effects. (orig.)

Clinical analysis of 125I seed implants in worst-casts of the malignant tumors after radiography and chemotherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Zhijun; Tu Xinhua; Zhou Aiqing; Wang Xueqin

2006-01-01

Objective: To investigate the curative effect and side reaction after 125 I seed implanted among tissue were treated the malignant neoplasm by radiography and chemotherapy. Methods: Retrospective analysis the cancerous sufferer after the failure of radiography and chemotherapy, percutaneous puncture or intraoperative under gaze forward 125 I seed were implanted the bed of the tumour forever. Follow-up blood routine examination, symptom, sign, using USG or CT observe the change of the tumour and the distribution of the particles etc. Results: In 3 cases, treat 2 cases, tumour reduced obviously, symptoms improved obviously, the face of the ulcer cured, the particles did not shift, hemogram did not decline obviously. Conclusion: 125 I seed among the tissue implanted forever for the unsuccessful case after radiography and chemotherapy supply a new therapeutic methods. In the neat future curative effect is exactly, toxic reaction is small, which can remedy the deficiency of the treatment for radiography and chemotherapy. (authors)

CT-guided interstitial 125I seed implantation for intractable pelvic recurrence of rectal carcinomas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lin Zhenwen; Chu Hong; Kong Jian; Dou Yongchong

2011-01-01

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of CT-guided interstitial 125 I seed implantation in treating intractable pelvic recurrence of rectal carcinomas. Methods: During the period from April 2010 to September 2010 CT-guided interstitial 125 I seed implantation was carried out in 11 patients with pelvic recurrence of rectal carcinoma which developed after the patients had received comprehensive treatments such as surgical resection, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical symptoms, the tumor size and the quality of life (QOL) before the treatment and at two and six months after the treatment were recorded, and the complications were observed. The results were compared. All the patients were followed up for six months. Results: At two and six months after the treatment, the improvement rate of the clinical symptoms was 100.0% (11/11) and 90.9% (10/11) respectively, while the effective reduction of the tumor size was 90.9% (10/11) and 81.8% (9/11) respectively. At two and six months after the treatment the QOL score was (56.0±3.66) and (54.4±5.41) respectively, both of which were higher than the QOL score determined before the treatment (42.5±6.93), the difference between them was statistically significant (P 125 I seed implantation has satisfactory short-term effect. This treatment is also quite safe and effective for patients who are unbearable to external radiation therapy due to the tissue dose restriction. (authors)

The effect of interstitial 125I seeds implantation on intestinal wall: a pathological observation in experimental dogs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ning Houfa; Zhang Fenglian; Shen An; Cao Guiwen; Cui Xinjiang

2010-01-01

Objective: To observe the radiation injury of the bowel wall due to the implantation of interstitial 125 I seeds in experimental dogs. Methods: A total of 12 healthy male dogs were randomly and equally divided into 3 experimental groups and 1 control group, with 3 dogs in each group.In the experimental groups, two 125 I seeds with the active radiation dose of 0.8mCi were symmetrically implanted under the serous membrane of the dog's small intestinal wall. The dogs were fed for 14 days (group A), for one month (group B) and for two months (group C) respectively when the animals were scheduled to be sacrificed. The dogs' general condition was observed till they were sacrificed. The seed-implanting intestinal segments were then removed and dyed with HE staining method for electronic microscopic exam. The histopathologic findings were recorded and the results were compared between four groups. Results: No obvious histopathological changes were found in the dog's bowel wall 14 days after the implantation. One month after the procedure cellular injury was observed under electronic microscope, and two months after the operation partial fibrosis of the intestinal wall appeared but no ulceration or perforation occurred. Conclusion: The implantation of 125 I seeds can cause reversible cellular injuries of the intestinal wall in experimental dogs, the degree of the damage reaches its peak at one month after the implant when the partial fibrosis of bowel wall becomes evident. However, the seeds do not cause any serious complications, such as ulceration or perforation. (authors)

Analysis of prostate-specific antigen bounce after I125 permanent seed implant for localised prostate cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mitchell, Darren M.; Swindell, Ric; Elliott, Tony; Wylie, James P.; Taylor, Cathy M.; Logue, John P.

2008-01-01

Background and purpose: To report on the incidence of benign prostate-specific antigen bounce following permanent I 125 prostate brachytherapy, to describe the associations in our population and review the relationship of bounce to subsequent biochemical failure. Materials and methods: From February 2000 to May 2005, 374 patients with localised prostate cancer were treated with I 125 permanent prostate brachytherapy at a single institution. A prospectively collected database was used to identify cases of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) bounce, defined as a rise of ≥0.2 ng/ml above an initial PSA nadir with subsequent decline to or below that nadir without treatment. The patients who received neo-adjuvant or adjuvant hormone manipulation were excluded. Biochemical failure was determined using the both the ASTRO consensus definition and Phoenix (nadir +2 ng/mL) definition. Results: Two hundred and five patients were identified with a median follow-up of 45 months (24-85). PSA bounce was noted in 79 (37%) men, occurring at a median of 14.8 months (1.7-40.6) following implant. The median peak PSA was 1.8 ng/ml (0.4-7.4) with a bounce magnitude of 0.91 ng/ml (0.2-5.8). When pre- and post-implant factors were assessed for association to bounce, only younger age was statistically significant (p = 0.002). The threshold for biochemical failure as defined by the ASTRO consensus definition (1997) was met in 4 (5%) patients after experiencing bounce as opposed to 19 (15%) non-bounce patients (p = 0.01). The threshold for Phoenix (nadir +2 ng/mL) was met in 6 (7.5%) patients following bounce versus 22 (17%) of non-bounce patients (p = 0.003). Both definitions are prone to false positive calls during bounce. Median PSA velocity during the bounce was 0.08 ng/mL/month (0.02-0.98) and was statistically significantly lower than the median velocity prior to the Phoenix biochemical failure at 0.28 ng/mL/month (0.07-2.04) (p = 0.0005). Conclusion: PSA bounce is a common finding in

Treatment of primary unresectable carcinoma of the pancreas with I-125 implantation

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Peretz, T.; Nori, D.; Hilaris, B.; Manolatos, S.; Linares, L.; Harrison, L.; Anderson, L.L.; Fuks, Z.; Brennan, M.F. (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (USA))

1989-11-01

Between January 1 1974 and October 31 1987, 98 patients with biopsy proven unresectable adenocarcinoma of the pancreas were treated with I-125 implants during laparotomy. Presenting symptoms were pain, jaundice, and weight loss. All patients underwent laparotomy and surgical staging. Thirty patients had T1NoMo disease, 47 patients had T2-3NoMo disease, and 21 patients had significant regional lymph node involvement (T1-3N1Mo). The surgical procedure performed was biopsy only (16 patients), gastric bypass, biliary bypass, and partial or total pancreatectomy with incomplete resection. The total activity and the number of seeds used were determined from the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) nomogram. Stereoshift localization X ray films were taken 3-6 days after operation. The mean activity, minimal peripheral dose (MPD), and volume of the implants were 35 mCi, 13,660 cGy, and 53 cm3, respectively. In addition, 27 patients received postoperative external irradiation and 27 patients received chemotherapy. Postoperative complications were observed in 19 patients. These included post-operative death (1 patient), biliary fistula (4), intraabdominal abscess (4), GI bleeding (3), gastric or small bowel obstruction (6), sepsis (5), and deep vein thrombophlebitis (4). Pain relief was obtained in 37/57 patients (65%) presenting with pain. A multivariate analysis showed that four factors significantly affected survival: T stage, N stage, administration of chemotherapy, and more than 30% reduction in the size of the implant on follow-up films. The median survival for the entire group was 7 months. A subgroup of patients with T1No stage disease who received chemotherapy survived 18.5 months. The indications for I-125 seed implantation in unresectable carcinoma of the pancreas are discussed.

Treatment of primary unresectable carcinoma of the pancreas with I-125 implantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peretz, T.; Nori, D.; Hilaris, B.; Manolatos, S.; Linares, L.; Harrison, L.; Anderson, L.L.; Fuks, Z.; Brennan, M.F.

1989-01-01

Between January 1 1974 and October 31 1987, 98 patients with biopsy proven unresectable adenocarcinoma of the pancreas were treated with I-125 implants during laparotomy. Presenting symptoms were pain, jaundice, and weight loss. All patients underwent laparotomy and surgical staging. Thirty patients had T1NoMo disease, 47 patients had T2-3NoMo disease, and 21 patients had significant regional lymph node involvement (T1-3N1Mo). The surgical procedure performed was biopsy only (16 patients), gastric bypass, biliary bypass, and partial or total pancreatectomy with incomplete resection. The total activity and the number of seeds used were determined from the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) nomogram. Stereoshift localization X ray films were taken 3-6 days after operation. The mean activity, minimal peripheral dose (MPD), and volume of the implants were 35 mCi, 13,660 cGy, and 53 cm3, respectively. In addition, 27 patients received postoperative external irradiation and 27 patients received chemotherapy. Postoperative complications were observed in 19 patients. These included post-operative death (1 patient), biliary fistula (4), intraabdominal abscess (4), GI bleeding (3), gastric or small bowel obstruction (6), sepsis (5), and deep vein thrombophlebitis (4). Pain relief was obtained in 37/57 patients (65%) presenting with pain. A multivariate analysis showed that four factors significantly affected survival: T stage, N stage, administration of chemotherapy, and more than 30% reduction in the size of the implant on follow-up films. The median survival for the entire group was 7 months. A subgroup of patients with T1No stage disease who received chemotherapy survived 18.5 months. The indications for I-125 seed implantation in unresectable carcinoma of the pancreas are discussed

Optimum timing for image-based dose evaluation of 125I and 103Pd prostate seed implants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yue Ning; Chen Zhe; Peschel, Richard; Dicker, Adam P.; Waterman, Frank M.; Nath, Ravinder

1999-01-01

timing for conventional postimplant dose evaluation was identified as the time at which a minimum difference between the conventional DVH and the dynamic model DVH was achieved. The analysis was done on 29 prostate seed implant patients for both 125 I and 103 Pd. The edema magnitude was assumed to be 30%, 40%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of original prostate volume, and the half-life of edema was assumed to be 4, 7, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days. In this study, the original volume of prostate varied from 17 cm 3 to 91 cm 3 , and number of seeds in the implants varied from 57 to 119. Results: The optimum timing was mainly dependent on the half-lives of edema and radionuclides, and varied slightly with edema magnitude, prostate volume, and number of seeds. It can be expressed as a function of edema half-life in the form of C 0 + C 1 exp(-C 2 T e ). However, if the dose evaluation was performed based on the image scans taken too early or too late, the error became larger, as the edema magnitude was larger. By averaging all 29 patients and various edemas, it was found that for 125 I seed implants, if the postimplant dose evaluation is performed based on image scans taken between 5 and 9 weeks, the average error will be less than 5%, with a maximum possible error less than 10% in 80% coverage dose; for 103 Pd seed implants, if the postimplant dose evaluation is performed based on image scans taken between 2 and 4 weeks, the average error will be less than 5%, with a maximum error less than 15% in 80% coverage dose. Because of edema, a conventional preimplant plan also overestimates dose coverage of prostate. On the average, a standard preimplant planning overestimates dose coverage by about 6% for 125 I implants and 14% for 103 Pd implants in our study. Conclusion: Based on the dynamic model, the optimum timing of image scans for postimplant dose evaluation of prostate seed implantation is 7 weeks postimplantation for 125 I implants and about 3 weeks for 103 Pd implants. The time-window for

The implantation of esophageal stent with radioactive 125I particles for advanced esophageal carcinomas: observation of therapeutic results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Peng; Cui Hongkai; Yang Ruimin; Zhang Xizhong

2011-01-01

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of the implantation of esophageal stent with radioactive 125 I particles in treating advanced esophageal carcinomas in aged patients. Methods: During the period from Sep. 2009 to Dec. 2010, implantation of esophageal stent was used to treat 43 aged patients with advanced esophageal cancer. Based on the patient's free will, the patients were divided into study group (n=18) receiving stent with 125 I particles and control group (n=25) receiving ordinary stent without 125 I particles. No significant difference in the age, the lesion length, the degree of stenosis and the disease stage existed between the study group and the control group. The technical success rate, the remission rate of dysphagia, the occurrence of complications and the mean survival time were calculated and analyzed. The results were compared between the two groups. Results: The technical success rate was 100% in both groups. The short-term remission rate of dysphagia was also 100% in both groups. The mean survival time in the study group and in the control group was 9.8 months and 4.8 months respectively, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P 0.05). Conclusion: This results of study indicate that for the treatment of advanced esophageal carcinomas the implantation of esophageal stent with radioactive 125 I particles can surely and markedly prolong the patient's survival time and relive the symptom of dysphagia. This technique is safe, feasible and effective in clinical practice. The use of the stent with radioactive 125 I particles is superior to the use of the traditional stent in treating patients with advanced esophageal cancer. (authors)

Implant breast reconstruction after salvage mastectomy in previously irradiated patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Persichetti, Paolo; Cagli, Barbara; Simone, Pierfranco; Cogliandro, Annalisa; Fortunato, Lucio; Altomare, Vittorio; Trodella, Lucio

2009-04-01

The most common surgical approach in case of local tumor recurrence after quadrantectomy and radiotherapy is salvage mastectomy. Breast reconstruction is the subsequent phase of the treatment and the plastic surgeon has to operate on previously irradiated and manipulated tissues. The medical literature highlights that breast reconstruction with tissue expanders is not a pursuable option, considering previous radiotherapy a contraindication. The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the influence of previous radiotherapy on 2-stage breast reconstruction (tissue expander/implant). Only patients with analogous timing of radiation therapy and the same demolitive and reconstructive procedures were recruited. The results of this study prove that, after salvage mastectomy in previously irradiated patients, implant reconstruction is still possible. Further comparative studies are, of course, advisable to draw any conclusion on the possibility to perform implant reconstruction in previously irradiated patients.

Factors influencing upon the incidence of seed migration in I-125 seed transperineal prostate implantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Itami, Jun; Onishi, Kayoko; Kanemura, Mikio

2005-01-01

Transperineal I-125 seed brachytherapy for prostate cancer is rapidly expanding in Japan. Seed migrations to lung and abdomen are well known complication in the seed brachytherapy. The rate of incidence and the predisposing factors were studied. From April 2004 through January 2005, 36 patients underwent transperineal I-125 seed brachytherapy for prostate cancer. In all patients loose I-125 seeds were inserted with Mick applicator according to modified peripheral loading pattern. One day, 1 week, and 1 month after the procedure, posteroanterior and lateral chest X-rays and abdominal X-ray were performed. Abdominal and chest seed migrations were seen in 11 (30.6%) and 14 (38.9%) patients, respectively. In total, 20 patients (55.6%) showed seed migrations. Forty-two I-125 seeds migrated out of 2,508 implanted seeds. Most of the migrations were seen until 1 month after the procedure. The preplanned number of the extraprostatic seeds had a statistically significant influence upon the incidence of seed migration. Seed migration is not a rare phenomenon in transperineal I-125 seed brachytherapy for prostate cancer. To confirm seed migration, X-ray examinations 1 month after the procedure are suited. At the preplanning, the number of extraprostatic seeds should be limited to minimal to decrease the incidence of seed migration. In future, the introduction of linked I-125 seeds is preferred. (author)

Treatment of prostate adenocarcinoma permanent implants with I 125: first experience in Uruguay; Tratamiento del adenocarcinoma de prostata con implantes permanentes de I125: primera experiencia en el Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Quarneti, A.; Clark, O.; Glaussius, A.; Kaitasoff, P.; Cosia, G.

2010-12-15

Full text: Objective: To report on the treatment done, toxicity and development of a group of adenocarcinoma patients with localized prostate brachytherapy implants permanent I125. Material and Methods. 37 patients were treated in the period 2001 to 2004 at the Military Hospital Central by this treatment modality. All of them were performed before implantation planning, which consisted of the volumetric calculation and calculation prostate dosimetry that included transrectal prostate ultrasound 3-5 weeks before the procedure. all patients had pathological confirmation of the lesion showed PSA values less than 11 ng / ml and Gleason score less than 7. 70% of patients received neo-adjuvant hormone therapy. In 5 patients an interactive planning system was performed computerized dosimetry, using sequential ultrasound imaging planes, allowed the dosimetric analysis before terminate the procedure and make necessary adjustments if the dose distribution did not conform. This additional dosimetric study we have not been described by other authors. Prescribed in the first 10 patients was dose 144 Gy and 160 Gy in subsequent. All patients underwent post implant CT waffle grid after 15 days of the procedure. analyzed the dose volume histogram (HDV) and D90 values??. Clinical follow-up was performed and PSA biochemical .. Preliminary Results: 33 patients were in local control without biochemical failure. Currently 4 patients presented biochemical recurrence with PSA values ??between 4 and 6 ng / ml. In neither disease was found at a distance and then raises confirmation tumor biopsy active presence will undergo surgical treatment protocols localized prostate cancer. HDV values ??D90 and are consistent with the informed by the international literature will be presented. No patient required hospitalization prolonged (greater than 24 hours) or use of higher analgesics. 2 patients had acute urinary retention (G II complication) between the tenth and twentieth day, the rest of the

Urinary morbidity with a modified peripheral loading technique of transperineal 125i prostate implantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brown, Douglas; Colonias, Athanasios; Miller, Ralph; Benoit, Ronald; Cohen, Jeffrey; Arshoun, Youssef; Galloway, Michael; Karlovits, Stephen; Wu, Andrew; Johnson, Mark; Quinn, Annette; Kalnicki, Shalom

2000-01-01

Purpose: Analysis of urinary morbidity within the first 12 months following a modified peripheral loading technique for permanent transperineal transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided 125 I prostate implantation and comparison of urinary morbidity with various clinical and implant parameters. Materials and Methods: Between October 1, 1996, and March 11, 1998, 87 patients with favorable, early stage prostate cancer were treated with permanent transperineal TRUS guided 125 I prostate implantation. A peripheral loading technique was utilized for source placement with 75-80% source distribution in the periphery and 20-25% source distribution centrally. A mean total activity of 38 mCi of 125 I was implanted (range, 19-66 mCi). The mean source activity was 0.43 mCi/source (range, 0.26-0.61 mCi/source) and the mean number of sources implanted was 88 (range, 56-134). The minimum prescribed dose to the prostate was 145 Gy. The median D 90 , V 100 , and V 150 were 152 Gy (range, 104-211 Gy), 92% (range, 71-99%), and 61% (range, 11-89%), respectively. The median follow-up time was 19 months (range, 12-29 months). Urinary morbidity was scored at 3 weeks and then at 3-month intervals for the first 2 years using a modified Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) grading system (scale 0-5). Results: Most patients developed at least minor urinary symptoms with frequency or nocturia being the most common. Overall, 79% (69/87) of patients experienced urinary morbidity with 21% (18/87) reporting no symptoms. The incidence of overall Grade 1 urinary morbidity was 37% (32/87); Grade 2 morbidity was 37% (32/87); and Grade 3 morbidity was 6% (5/87). There was no Grade 4 or 5 morbidity. The incidence of Grade 0 frequency/nocturia was 36% (31/87); Grade 1 was 33% (29/87); Grade 2 was 30% (26/87); and Grade 3 was 1% (1/87). Grade 0 dysuria was seen in 56% (49/87) of patients; 32% (28/87) had Grade 1; 10% (9/87) Grade 2; and 1% (1/87) Grade 3 dysuria. Most urinary symptoms started a few weeks

Feasibility of MR Imaging/MR Spectroscopy-Planned Focal Partial Salvage Permanent Prostate Implant (PPI) for Localized Recurrence After Initial PPI for Prostate Cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hsu, Charles C.; Hsu, Howard; Pickett, Barby; Crehange, Gilles; Hsu, I-Chow Joe; Dea, Ryan; Weinberg, Vivian; Gottschalk, Alexander R.; Kurhanewicz, John; Shinohara, Katsuto; Roach, Mack

2013-01-01

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-planned partial salvage permanent prostate implant (psPPI) among patients with biopsy-proven local recurrence after initial PPI without evidence of distant disease. Methods and Materials: From 2003-2009, 15 patients underwent MRI/magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) planning for salvage brachytherapy (psPPI, I-125 [n=14; 144 Gy]; Pd-103 [n=1; 125 Gy]) without hormone therapy. Full dose was prescribed to areas of recurrence and underdosage, without entire prostate implantation. Limiting urethral and rectal toxicity was prioritized. Follow-up was from salvage date to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration failure (Phoenix criteria = nadir + 2.0; ASTRO = 3 consecutive rises), recurrence, distant metastases, or last follow-up PSA level. Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as no PSA failure or biopsy-proven recurrence without all-cause mortality. Toxicity was scored using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Results: At salvage, median age was 68 years, and PSA concentration was 3.5 ng/mL (range, 0.9-5.6 ng/mL). Abnormal MRI/MRS findings were evident in 40% of patients. Biopsy-proven recurrences consisted of a single focus (80%) or 2 foci (20%). At recurrence, Gleason score was 6 (67%) or ≥7 (27%). Median interval between initial and salvage implantation was 69 months (range, 28-132 months). psPPI planning characteristics limited doses to the rectum (mean V100 = 0.5% [0.07 cc]) and urethra (V100 = 12% [0.3 cc]). At median follow-up (23.3 months; range, 8-88 months), treatment failure (n=2) resulted only in localized recurrence; both patients underwent second psPPI with follow-up PSA tests at 12 and 26 months, resulting in 0.6 and 0.7 ng/mL, respectively. American Society for Radiation Oncology PFS rates at 1, 2, and 3 years were 86.7%, 78.4%, and 62.7%, respectively, with 5 patients for whom treatment failed (n=3 with negative transrectal ultrasound

Feasibility of MR Imaging/MR Spectroscopy-Planned Focal Partial Salvage Permanent Prostate Implant (PPI) for Localized Recurrence After Initial PPI for Prostate Cancer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hsu, Charles C., E-mail: hsucc@radonc.ucsf.edu [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California (United States); Hsu, Howard [Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University, New York, New York (United States); Pickett, Barby [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California (United States); Crehange, Gilles [Department of Radiation Oncology, Dijon University, Dijon (France); Hsu, I-Chow Joe; Dea, Ryan [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California (United States); Weinberg, Vivian [Biostatistics and Computational Biology Core, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California (United States); Gottschalk, Alexander R. [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California (United States); Kurhanewicz, John [Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California (United States); Shinohara, Katsuto [Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California (United States); Roach, Mack [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California (United States)

2013-02-01

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-planned partial salvage permanent prostate implant (psPPI) among patients with biopsy-proven local recurrence after initial PPI without evidence of distant disease. Methods and Materials: From 2003-2009, 15 patients underwent MRI/magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) planning for salvage brachytherapy (psPPI, I-125 [n=14; 144 Gy]; Pd-103 [n=1; 125 Gy]) without hormone therapy. Full dose was prescribed to areas of recurrence and underdosage, without entire prostate implantation. Limiting urethral and rectal toxicity was prioritized. Follow-up was from salvage date to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration failure (Phoenix criteria = nadir + 2.0; ASTRO = 3 consecutive rises), recurrence, distant metastases, or last follow-up PSA level. Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as no PSA failure or biopsy-proven recurrence without all-cause mortality. Toxicity was scored using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Results: At salvage, median age was 68 years, and PSA concentration was 3.5 ng/mL (range, 0.9-5.6 ng/mL). Abnormal MRI/MRS findings were evident in 40% of patients. Biopsy-proven recurrences consisted of a single focus (80%) or 2 foci (20%). At recurrence, Gleason score was 6 (67%) or {>=}7 (27%). Median interval between initial and salvage implantation was 69 months (range, 28-132 months). psPPI planning characteristics limited doses to the rectum (mean V100 = 0.5% [0.07 cc]) and urethra (V100 = 12% [0.3 cc]). At median follow-up (23.3 months; range, 8-88 months), treatment failure (n=2) resulted only in localized recurrence; both patients underwent second psPPI with follow-up PSA tests at 12 and 26 months, resulting in 0.6 and 0.7 ng/mL, respectively. American Society for Radiation Oncology PFS rates at 1, 2, and 3 years were 86.7%, 78.4%, and 62.7%, respectively, with 5 patients for whom treatment failed (n=3 with negative transrectal ultrasound

Focal salvage iodine-125 brachytherapy for prostate cancer recurrences after primary radiotherapy: A retrospective study regarding toxicity, biochemical outcome and quality of life

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peters, Max; Maenhout, Metha; Voort van Zyp, Jochem R.N. van der; Moerland, Marinus A.; Moman, Maaike R.; Steuten, Lotte M.G.; Deursen, Marijke J.H. van; Vulpen, Marco van

2014-01-01

Purpose: Whole-gland salvage for recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) shows high failure and toxicity rates. Early and adequate localization of recurrences enables focal salvage, thereby potentially improving functional outcomes, while maintaining cancer control. Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis yielded 20 focal salvage I125 brachytherapy patients for locally recurrent PCa after primary radiotherapy. Tumor was defined by multiparametric MRI and correspondence with transrectal biopsies. Dose data were obtained intra-operatively. The tumor was prescribed ⩾144 Gy. Toxicity was scored by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4 (CTCAE-4). Biochemical failure (BF) was defined using the Phoenix criteria (PSA-nadir + 2.0 ng/ml). Quality of life (QoL) was measured by SF-36 Health Survey and European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) C30+3 and PR25 questionnaires. Results: With a median follow-up of 36 months (range 10–45), six patients experienced BF, of which three had no initial response. Grade 3 genitourinary (GU) toxicity occurred in one patient (a urethral stricture). The five previously potent patients retained erectile function. QoL remained decreased with regard to urinary symptoms. Conclusion: Focal salvage I125 brachytherapy showed one grade 3 GU toxicity in the 20 treated patients. Biochemical response and QoL were acceptable

CT-guided percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with 125I-seed implantation for metastatic vertebral carcinoma involving the spinal canal: analysis of 23 cases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xie Xiaoxi; Lu Yinxiang; Ji Yong; Wang Xiaowei; Zhang Guodong

2014-01-01

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of CT-guided percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) combined with 125 I-seed implantation for the treatment of metastatic vertebral carcinoma involving the spinal canal. Methods: A total of 28 involved vertebrae were detected in 23 patients with metastatic vertebral carcinoma. Each patient had 1-2 diseased vertebrae. The lesions included cervical vertebra (n=4), thoracic vertebra (n=13) and lumbar vertebra (n=11). Destroyed posterior vertebral wall was seen in all involved vertebrae. Thirteen vertebrae found in 12 patients showed involvement of the epidural space. According to treatment planning system (TPS) CT-guided implantation of 125 I seeds was carried out first for cervical lesions, which was followed by PVP. For the thoracic and lumbar lesions, unilateral or bilateral puncturing with several particle needles was employed to implant the 125 I seeds, then, PVP with bone cement injection was performed. The complications and the clinical efficacy were analyzed. Results: Successful operation was obtained in all patients. The number of implanted 125 I seeds ranged from 4 to 30 per vertebra, and the volume of injected bone cement was 1-6 ml per vertebra. After the operation the pain relief rate was 86.9% (n=20). The incidence of bone cement leakage was 17.8% (5/28). One patient had radicular pain caused by neuropore leakage, which was relieved after medication. No serious complications, such as spinal cord injury or radiation myelitis, occurred. Conclusion: CT-guided PVP combined with 125 I-seed implantation is effective and safe for the treatment of metastatic vertebral carcinoma involving the spinal canal. This therapy can effectively relieve the pain and control the deterioration of tumor, besides, the incidence of bone cement leakage is very low. (authors)

Study of CT-guided iodine-125 implantation in the treatment of rabbit VX2 tumor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

He Kewu; Gao Bin; Li Jiajia

2008-01-01

Objective: To evaluate the effect of CT-guided iodine-125 seed( 125 I) implantation to rabbit model VX2 tumor cell apoptosis. Methods: VX2 tumor cells were implanted into muscle of 40 rabbits legs, 3 weeks later, as the diameter of tumor reached 2 cm available for test. Randomly selected the sampling tumor on one leg of rabbit as for the test team and tumor on the contralateral leg as for control team. Under CT guidance, 125 I seeds were implanted into 20 tumor lesions of the test team, and hollow seeds were implanted into 20 tumor lesions of the control team. Instantly, 72 h, 1, 2, 3 w after operation, percutaneous tumor tissue sampling was done 0.5-1.0 cm and 1.0-1.5 cm away from seed implanted site under CT guidance; and apoptosis was investigated by FCM. Results: Instantly, 72 h, 1, 2, 3 w after treatment with iodine-125 ( 125 I) implantation, the tissue sampling away from seed 0.5-1.0 cm showed the apoptosis rates of control team and test team were respectively as follows: (5.43±0.67)% and (5.48±0.66)%, (P>0.05), (5.45±0.58)% and (11.60±0.87)%, (P O.05)of the control team and test team. Conclusions: 125 I seeds implantation can induce tumor cell apoptosis, beginning at 72 h and reached peak at 2 w and kept the high level here afterword. The apoptosis rate descended rapidly along with the increase of distance away from the 125 I seedling. (authors)

Treatment of prostate adenocarcinoma permanent implants with I 125: first experience in Uruguay

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Quarneti, A.; Clark, O.; Glaussius, A.; Kaitasoff, P.; Cosia, G.

2010-01-01

Full text: Objective: To report on the treatment done, toxicity and development of a group of adenocarcinoma patients with localized prostate brachytherapy implants permanent I125. Material and Methods. 37 patients were treated in the period 2001 to 2004 at the Military Hospital Central by this treatment modality. All of them were performed before implantation planning, which consisted of the volumetric calculation and calculation prostate dosimetry that included transrectal prostate ultrasound 3-5 weeks before the procedure. all patients had pathological confirmation of the lesion showed PSA values less than 11 ng / ml and Gleason score less than 7. 70% of patients received neo-adjuvant hormone therapy. In 5 patients an interactive planning system was performed computerized dosimetry, using sequential ultrasound imaging planes, allowed the dosimetric analysis before terminate the procedure and make necessary adjustments if the dose distribution did not conform. This additional dosimetric study we have not been described by other authors. Prescribed in the first 10 patients was dose 144 Gy and 160 Gy in subsequent. All patients underwent post implant CT waffle grid after 15 days of the procedure. analyzed the dose volume histogram (HDV) and D90 values??. Clinical follow-up was performed and PSA biochemical .. Preliminary Results: 33 patients were in local control without biochemical failure. Currently 4 patients presented biochemical recurrence with PSA values ??between 4 and 6 ng / ml. In neither disease was found at a distance and then raises confirmation tumor biopsy active presence will undergo surgical treatment protocols localized prostate cancer. HDV values ??D90 and are consistent with the informed by the international literature will be presented. No patient required hospitalization prolonged (greater than 24 hours) or use of higher analgesics. 2 patients had acute urinary retention (G II complication) between the tenth and twentieth day, the rest of the

Evaluation of permanent I-125 prostate implants using radiography and magnetic resonance imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moerland, Marinus A.; Wijrdeman, Harm K.; Beersma, Robert; Bakker, Chris J.G.; Battermann, Jan J.

1997-01-01

Purpose: The aim of this study is the evaluation of permanent I-125 prostate implants using radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods and Materials: Twenty-one patients underwent radiography on the simulator and MRI within 3 days after implantation of the I-125 seeds. Isocentric radiographs were used for reconstruction of the seed distribution, after which registration with the seed-induced signal voids on MRI provided the seed positions in relation to the prostate. The prostate was contoured on the transversal magnetic resonance images, and dose-volume histograms were computed to evaluate the implants. The validity of the ellipsoidal prostate volume approximation, as applied in preimplant dose calculation, was assessed by comparison of ellipsoidal volumes given by prostate width, height, and length and prostate volumes obtained by a slice-by-slice contouring method, both on postimplant MRI. Prostate volume changes due to postimplant prostate swelling were assessed from radiographs taken at 3 days and 1 month after the implantation. Results: The seeds were readily identified on T 1 -weighted spin-echo images and matched with the seed distribution reconstructed from the isocentric radiographs. The matching error, averaged over 21 patients, amounted to 1.8 ± 0.4 mm (mean ± standard deviation). The fractions of the prostate volumes receiving the prescribed matched peripheral dose (MPD) ranged from 32 to 71% (mean ± standard deviation: 60 ± 10%). Prostate volumes, obtained by the contouring method on postimplant MRI, were a factor 1.5 ± 0.3 larger than the ellipsoidal volumes given by the prostate dimensions on postimplant MRI. Prostate volumes 3 days after the implantation were a factor 1.3 ± 0.2 larger than the prostate volumes 1 month after the implantation. Registration of the reconstructed seed distribution and the MR images showed inaccuracies in seed placement, for example, two or more seeds clustering together or seeds outside the prostate

Edema-induced increase in tumour cell survival for 125I and 103Pd prostate permanent seed implants - a bio-mathematical model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yue Ning; Chen Zhe; Nath, Ravinder

2002-01-01

Edema caused by the surgical procedure of prostate seed implantation expands the source-to-point distances within the prostate and hence decreases the dose coverage. The decrease of dose coverage results in an increase in tumour cell survival. To investigate the effects of edema on tumour cell survival, a bio-mathematical model of edema and the corresponding cell killing by continuous low dose rate irradiation (CLDRI) was developed so that tumour cell surviving fractions can be estimated in an edematous prostate for both 125 I and 103 Pd seed implants. The dynamic nature of edema and its resolution were modelled with an exponential function V(T)=V p (1+M exp(-0.693T/T e )) where V p is the prostate volume before implantation, M is the edema magnitude and T e is edema half-life (EHL). The dose rate of a radioactive seed was calculated according to AAPM TG43, i.e. D radical S k Δg(r) φ-bar an /r 2 , where r is the distance between a seed and a given point. The distance r is now a function of time because of edema. The g(r) was approximated as 1/r 0.4 and 1/r 0.8 for 125 I and 103 Pd, respectively. By expanding the mathematical expression of the resultant dose rate in a Taylor series of exponential functions of time, the dose rate was made equivalent to that produced from multiple fictitious radionuclides of different decay constants and strengths. The biologically effective dose (BED) for an edematous prostate implant was then calculated using a generalized Dale equation. The cell surviving fraction was computed as exp(-αBED), where α is the linear coefficient of the survival curve. The tumour cell survival was calculated for both 125 I and 103 Pd seed implants and for different tumour potential doubling time (TPDT) (from 5 days to 30 days) and for edemas of different magnitudes (from 0% to 95%) and edema half-lives (from 4 days to 30 days). Tumour cell survival increased with the increase of edema magnitude and EHL. For a typical edema of a half-life of 10 days

Loss of I-125 seeds after perineal implantation of the prostate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wopereis, A.J.M.; Moerland, M.A.; Koning, J.H.A.G. de; Battermann, J.J.

1996-01-01

Introduction: One of the treatment modalities of early stage prostate cancer is the permanent implantation of I-125 seeds. The aim of this study was to obtain insight in the loss of seeds after implantation. Methods and Materials: During the past 6 years, 100 patients were treated and examined. Radiographs of the prostate area were taken at discharge (after 2 or 3 days) and combined with a follow-up appointment, successively after 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. 10 patients were excluded from this study because of a later performed prostatectomy or TURP. During the hospitalisation period the patient's excrements were examined for lost seeds. Furthermore patients were instructed to urinate through a tea-strainer in the first month following implantation in order to prevent seeds from entering the sewage system. Results: We observed an overall loss of 5% during the entire follow-up period of 2 years. Further analysis of the obtained data showed that most of the seeds (3% of the implanted seeds) were lost in the first 2 days after implantation. Due to special attention paid to safety measures, 94% of the lost seeds were retrieved during the admission period. Because of adequate instructions given to the patients, 70% of the seeds lost during the first month after discharge (0.5% of the total number of remaining implanted seeds) were also retrieved. Losing seeds during the first month after implantation did not increase the chance of further loss later on. A total of 13 seeds (in all patients) was lost after 1 month (of which 6 were lost after more then one year and are for radiation safety reasons not of importance). Conclusions: Most seeds are lost during the first days after implantation. Therefore, radiographs are indicated at discharge, after 1 month (for evaluation of safety precautions) and after 1 year as a conclusion to the treatment

Early therapy monitoring of 125I seed interstitial implant in a pancreatic cancer xenograft by 18F-FDG Micro-PET/CT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Zhongmin; Liu Yu; Chen Kemin; Lu Jian; Gong Ju; Zheng Yunfeng; Zhang Liyun; Liu Fenju

2011-01-01

Objective: To investigate the application value of early evaluation and monitoring of 125 I interstitial implantation in a pancreatic cancer xenograft. Methods: Xenograft models were created by subcutaneous injection of Sw 1990 human pancreatic cancer cell suspensions into the right hind limbs of the immunodeficient BABL/c nude mice. The tumors size were about 8-10 mm after two weeks. The mice were randomly divided into 3 groups,including control group (n=4), empty seed implantation group (n=4) and 125 I implantation group (n=4). Before treatment and one week after treatment, 18 F-FDG Micro-PET/CT scan was performed and then maximum standardized uptake values (SUV max ), mean standardized uptake values (SUV mean ), tumor size and necrosis rate were measured. HE staining and TK1 immunohistochemistry examination were carried out in the paraffin-embedded sample. Results: Before treatment the SUV max and SUV mean values of three groups did not reach statistical significance. One week after treatment the SUV max and SUV mean values of three groups were 3.53±1.20 and 0.57±0.26 vs. 3.83±2.13 and 0.59 ±0.24 vs. 0.29±0.23 and 0.016±0.001, respectively, with a significant difference (F=7.62, P=0.01; F=10.34, P=0.005). The SUV max and SUV mean values of 125 I implant group were significantly lower than empty seed implant group and control group and were significantly lower than before treatment. Before treatment, tumor necrosis rate of three groups were not significantly different. Immunohistochemical staining found the TK1 positive staining index of three groups were respectively (64.25±1.71)%, (62.25±2.22)% and (38.25±1.71)% with statistically significant difference (F=233.67, P<0.001). The TK1 positive staining index of 125 I implant group was significantly lower than empty seed implant group and control group. The SUV max values had some positive correlation with TK1 positive staining index (r=0.85, P=0.001). Conclusions: 18 F-FDG Micro-PET/CT may be useful as a

Effect of implanted radioactive 125I seeds on normal tissue structures of bronchus, esophagus, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein and alveolus in dogs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Qi Liangchen; Han Zhenguo; Yang Bin; Heersitai

2008-01-01

Objective: To investigate the effect of implanted radioactive 125 I seeds on normal tissue structures of bronchus, esophagus, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein and alveolus in dogs. Methods: Nine healthy male dogs weighing 17-21 kg were randomly divided into three groups: 30 d, 60 d experimental groups and control group. Radioactive 125 I seeds (3.7 x 10 7 Bg, 1.0 mCi) were implanted into the sides of bronchus, esophagus, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein respectively, the samples of bronchus, esophagus, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein were taken 30 and 60 d after transplantation, HE staining was used to observe the pathologic changes of the tissues under light microscope. Results: The damages of normal bronchus, esophagus, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein and alveolus after radioactive 125 I seeds implantation in 30 d group were weaker than those in control group and 60 d group, there were no complications such as perforation, hemorrhage, necrosis, etc. Histopathological score indicated that the scores of bronchus, esophagus and alveolar in 30 d group and 60 d group were higher than those in control group (P 0.05); there was no significant difference in histopathological score of pulmonary vein among all groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The implanted radioactive 125 I seeds can damage all kinds of tissues at different degrees, but this kind of damage is reversible, the dog may repair the damage through its own repair ability, its clinical application is safe. (authors)

Biochemical disease-free survival following I-125 prostate implantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beyer, David C.; Priestley, Joseph B.

1995-01-01

Purpose/Objective: To assess the five-year clinical and biochemical results of ultrasound-guided permanent I-125 brachytherapy in early prostate cancer. Biochemical disease-free survival (BDFS) is reported, using PSA follow-up and is compared to the surgical and radiation therapy literature. Materials and Methods: From 12/88 through 12/93, ultrasound-guided brachytherapy was preplanned with I-125 and delivered 16,000 cGy as the sole treatment in 499 patients. All were clinically staged as T1 or T2 - N0M0 adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Within the first year, 19 patients were lost to follow-up and have been excluded from further study. The remaining 480 patients form the basis of this report. Clinical status and PSA values were systematically recorded before and after treatment. Results: With a median follow-up of 35 months (3-70) the actuarial clinical local control is 83%. Both stage and grade are shown to predict for this endpoint. Actuarial BDFS is also correlated with stage, grade, and PSA at presentation. Biochemical disease-free survival at five years is 94% for T1, 70% for unilateral T2, and 34% for T2c tumors. Grade is also predictive, ranging from 85% in low-grade tumors to 30% in high-grade tumors. In a multivariate analysis, the pretreatment PSA is most highly correlated (p 10 had a BDFS of 40%. Complications have been few, with severe urinary urgency or dysuria in 4% and both incontinence and proctitis seen in 1%. Conclusion: While biochemical disease-free survival reports in the literature are immature and have short follow-up, our data compares favorably with studies following radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy. Further follow-up of this cohort is required. The complication rate is low and patient acceptance excellent. Permanent implantation of I-125 as the sole treatment for early prostate cancer is a viable alternative for patients with early stage and low- to moderate-grade cancers. The PSA provides significant prognostic information and

Biochemical disease-free survival following I-125 prostate implantation

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Beyer, David C; Priestley, Joseph B

1995-07-01

Purpose/Objective: To assess the five-year clinical and biochemical results of ultrasound-guided permanent I-125 brachytherapy in early prostate cancer. Biochemical disease-free survival (BDFS) is reported, using PSA follow-up and is compared to the surgical and radiation therapy literature. Materials and Methods: From 12/88 through 12/93, ultrasound-guided brachytherapy was preplanned with I-125 and delivered 16,000 cGy as the sole treatment in 499 patients. All were clinically staged as T1 or T2 - N0M0 adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Within the first year, 19 patients were lost to follow-up and have been excluded from further study. The remaining 480 patients form the basis of this report. Clinical status and PSA values were systematically recorded before and after treatment. Results: With a median follow-up of 35 months (3-70) the actuarial clinical local control is 83%. Both stage and grade are shown to predict for this endpoint. Actuarial BDFS is also correlated with stage, grade, and PSA at presentation. Biochemical disease-free survival at five years is 94% for T1, 70% for unilateral T2, and 34% for T2c tumors. Grade is also predictive, ranging from 85% in low-grade tumors to 30% in high-grade tumors. In a multivariate analysis, the pretreatment PSA is most highly correlated (p < 0.0001). Patients with a normal pretreatment PSA enjoyed 93% BDFS, while those presenting with PSA > 10 had a BDFS of 40%. Complications have been few, with severe urinary urgency or dysuria in 4% and both incontinence and proctitis seen in 1%. Conclusion: While biochemical disease-free survival reports in the literature are immature and have short follow-up, our data compares favorably with studies following radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy. Further follow-up of this cohort is required. The complication rate is low and patient acceptance excellent. Permanent implantation of I-125 as the sole treatment for early prostate cancer is a viable alternative for patients with

Clinical application of permanent implantation of iodine 125 seeds for osseous metastases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Jinxin; Zhang Qizhou; Li Guoliang

2010-01-01

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of permanent implantation of iodine 125 seeds in the treatment of osseous metastases. Methods: Radioactive iodine 125 seeds were implanted permanently in 32 lesions of 25 patients with osseous metastases of different origins. The ostalgia-relieving degree and the imaging alterations of the osseous metastasis lesions were observed. Results: The effective pain-relieving rate was 92% caused by permanent implantation of iodine 125 seeds. Of al 1 the patients, 15 patients achieved complete response, 8 patients obtained partial response (PR), and 2 patients had no change. The pain grade was decreased significantly after the treatment (P 125 I seeds has a definite effect on tumor metastasis and caused minimal damage and few complications. It is worthy of popularization in clinic. (authors)

Dynamic observation on changes of serum tumor markers levels after implantation of 125I radioactive seeds as treatment for several malignancies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun Qihe; Yang Jiali; Gao Mingzhong

2005-01-01

Objective: To study the dynamic changes of serum levels of several tumor markers after implantation of 125 I seeds as treatment for breast, prostate and lung malignancies. Methods: Serum CA15-3 (in 48 cases of breast cancer), PSA (in 59 cases of prostate cancer) and CYFRA21-1 (in 59 cases of lung cancer) levels were measured with RIA both before and after implantation of 125 I seeds as treatment. Furthermore, dynamic observation on the serum markers levels was carried out every 3 months in ten patients in each category. Results: After treatment, levels of these markers dropped significantly. Dynamic observation revealed that in the 10 cases of breast cancer, the levels of CA15-3 dropped continually. However, in the 10 cases of prostatic cancer, the disease got worse and the PSA levels kept increasing. In the lung cancer group, the CYFRA21-1 levels rose markedly and all patients expired before 9 months. Conclusion: Dynamic observation on changes of serum tumor markers (CA15-3, PSA, CYFRA21-1) levels after 125 I seed implantation treatment was of definite prognostic value. (authors)

Intraoperative ultrasound quided iodine-125 seed implantation for unresectable pancreatic carcinoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Junjie; Liu Jiangping; Jiang Yuliang; Jiang Weijuan; Li Jinna; Xiu Dianrong; Ran Weiqiang

2007-01-01

Objective: To investigate the surgical technique, efficacy and side effects of intraoperative ultrasound quided 125 I seed interstitial implantation for pancreatic carcinoma. Methods: Twenty-seven patients with biopsy proven unresectable adenocarcinoma of pancreas were treated with 125 I implants during laparotomy. Eleven patients were treated by a combination of bypass surgery. Seed needles were implanted parallel to each other, at 1.0-1.5 cm apart and guided by ultrasound. Mick applicator was applied to each needle to implant seed at 1.0-1.5 cm apart. The radioactive activity ranged 0.40-0.70 mCi; the D 90 were 110-160 Gy. The mean number of 125 I seed were 11-78. Six patients also received external beam radiation at doses of 39-50 Gy. Five patients received 2-4 cycle DDP + gemCitabine chemotherapy also. Results: The incidence of perioperative mortality was 0%. Pain was complete relieved in 15 patients, partial relieved in two, but in the rest three patients there was no response. The response rate was 85%. The starting time of pain relief was 1-30 d, with a median of 5 days. The overall local control rate was 74%. Four patients have died of recurrence, 20 patients died of metastasis, 3 patients died of recurrence and metastasis. The median survival of II + III[ stage patients was 8 months, with a 1- and 2-year survival of 25% and 15%, respectively. The median survival time of IV stage patients was 5 months, with 1-year survival of 8%. The seeds immigrated into the liver in 3 patients. There are no serious side effects such as infection or pancreatic fistula. Conclusions: Intraoperative ultrasound quided 125 I seed implantation is safe, giving high local control, but minimal damage. It is a satisfactorily palliative for pain and causing little noticeable complications. (authors)

Percutaneous Endovascular Salvage Techniques for Implanted Venous Access Device Dysfunction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Breault, Stéphane; Glauser, Frédéric; Babaker, Malik; Doenz, Francesco; Qanadli, Salah Dine

2015-01-01

PurposeImplanted venous access devices (IVADs) are often used in patients who require long-term intravenous drug administration. The most common causes of device dysfunction include occlusion by fibrin sheath and/or catheter adherence to the vessel wall. We present percutaneous endovascular salvage techniques to restore function in occluded catheters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of these techniques.Methods and MaterialsThrough a femoral or brachial venous access, a snare is used to remove fibrin sheath around the IVAD catheter tip. If device dysfunction is caused by catheter adherences to the vessel wall, a new “mechanical adhesiolysis” maneuver was performed. IVAD salvage procedures performed between 2005 and 2013 were analyzed. Data included clinical background, catheter tip position, success rate, recurrence, and rate of complication.ResultsEighty-eight salvage procedures were performed in 80 patients, mostly women (52.5 %), with a mean age of 54 years. Only a minority (17.5 %) of evaluated catheters were located at an optimal position (i.e., cavoatrial junction ±1 cm). Mechanical adhesiolysis or other additional maneuvers were used in 21 cases (24 %). Overall technical success rate was 93.2 %. Malposition and/or vessel wall adherences were the main cause of technical failure. No complications were noted.ConclusionThese IVAD salvage techniques are safe and efficient. When a catheter is adherent to the vessel wall, mechanical adhesiolysis maneuvers allow catheter mobilization and a greater success rate with no additional risk. In patients who still require long-term use of their IVAD, these procedures can be performed safely to avoid catheter replacement

Percutaneous Endovascular Salvage Techniques for Implanted Venous Access Device Dysfunction

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Breault, Stéphane, E-mail: stephane.breault@chuv.ch [Lausanne University Hospital, Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department (Switzerland); Glauser, Frédéric, E-mail: frederic.glauser@chuv.ch [Lausanne University Hospital, Angiology and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Departments (Switzerland); Babaker, Malik, E-mail: malik.babaker@chuv.ch; Doenz, Francesco, E-mail: francesco.doenz@chuv.ch; Qanadli, Salah Dine, E-mail: salah.qanadli@chuv.ch [Lausanne University Hospital, Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department (Switzerland)

2015-06-15

PurposeImplanted venous access devices (IVADs) are often used in patients who require long-term intravenous drug administration. The most common causes of device dysfunction include occlusion by fibrin sheath and/or catheter adherence to the vessel wall. We present percutaneous endovascular salvage techniques to restore function in occluded catheters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of these techniques.Methods and MaterialsThrough a femoral or brachial venous access, a snare is used to remove fibrin sheath around the IVAD catheter tip. If device dysfunction is caused by catheter adherences to the vessel wall, a new “mechanical adhesiolysis” maneuver was performed. IVAD salvage procedures performed between 2005 and 2013 were analyzed. Data included clinical background, catheter tip position, success rate, recurrence, and rate of complication.ResultsEighty-eight salvage procedures were performed in 80 patients, mostly women (52.5 %), with a mean age of 54 years. Only a minority (17.5 %) of evaluated catheters were located at an optimal position (i.e., cavoatrial junction ±1 cm). Mechanical adhesiolysis or other additional maneuvers were used in 21 cases (24 %). Overall technical success rate was 93.2 %. Malposition and/or vessel wall adherences were the main cause of technical failure. No complications were noted.ConclusionThese IVAD salvage techniques are safe and efficient. When a catheter is adherent to the vessel wall, mechanical adhesiolysis maneuvers allow catheter mobilization and a greater success rate with no additional risk. In patients who still require long-term use of their IVAD, these procedures can be performed safely to avoid catheter replacement.

Assessment of I-125 seed implant accuracy when using the live-planning technique for low dose rate prostate brachytherapy

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Moorrees Joshua

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Low risk prostate cancers are commonly treated with low dose rate (LDR brachytherapy involving I-125 seeds. The implementation of a ‘live-planning’ technique at the Royal Adelaide Hospital (RAH in 2007 enabled the completion of the whole procedure (i.e. scanning, planning and implant in one sitting. ‘Live-planning’ has the advantage of a more reliable delivery of the planned treatment compared to the ‘traditional pre-plan’ technique (where patient is scanned and planned in the weeks prior to implant. During live planning, the actual implanted needle positions are updated real-time on the treatment planning system and the dosimetry is automatically recalculated. The aim of this investigation was to assess the differences and clinical relevance between the planned dosimetry and the updated real-time implant dosimetry. Methods A number of 162 patients were included in this dosimetric study. A paired t-test was performed on the D90, V100, V150 and V200 target parameters and the differences between the planned and implanted dose distributions were analysed. Similarly, dosimetric differences for the organs at risk (OAR were also evaluated. Results Small differences between the primary dosimetric parameters for the target were found. Still, the incidence of hotspots was increased with approximately 20% for V200. Statistically significant increases were observed in the doses delivered to the OAR between the planned and implanted data; however, these increases were consistently below 3% thus probably without clinical consequences. Conclusions The current study assessed the accuracy of prostate implants with I-125 seeds when compared to initial plans. The results confirmed the precision of the implant technique which RAH has in place. Nevertheless, geographical misses, anatomical restrictions and needle displacements during implant can have repercussions for centres without live-planning option if dosimetric changes are not

125I implants as an adjuvant to surgery and external beam radiotherapy in the management of locally advanced head and neck cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martinez, A.; Goffinet, D.R.; Fee, W.; Goode, R.; Cox, R.S.

1983-01-01

125 I seeds either individually placed or inserted into absorbable Vicryl suture carriers were utilized in conjunction with surgery and external beam radiotherapy in an attempt to increase local control rates in patients with advanced oropharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal cancers (T3-T4, N2-N3), massive cervical lymphadenopathy (N3) and an unknown primary site and locally recurrent head and neck cancers. Forty-eight patients were treated with 55 implants. The carotid artery was implanted in 15 patients, while seven patients had seeds inserted into the base of the skull region, and another three patients had implants near cranial nerves. Eighteen of the 48 patients were treated for cure. The actuarial survival at five years in this subgroup was 50%. The overall local control in the head and neck area was 58%. In this group no patients to date have had a local failure in the implanted volume. Seventeen patients with comparable stage of disease treated prior to 1974 with curative intent without 125 I implants were analyzed retrospectively for comparison with the implanted patients. The actuarial survival of these patients was 18% and the overall head and neck control was 21%. These differences are statistically significant at a P value of 0.01 and 0.007, respectively. Seventeen patients received implants for local recurrence. The local control in the head and neck area was 50%; however, the 2.5 year actuarial survival was only 17%. The complication rate was 11% (six of 55 implants). The improved survival, the high local control, and the minimal complication rates in this series makes the intraoperative implantation of 125 I seeds and effective adjunctive treatment to surgery and external beam irradiation

A magazine for the implantation of I-125 seeds in interstitial therapy of cerebral tumors

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Bockermann, V.; Dieckmann, G.; Lott, H.

1988-01-01

A compact magazine has been developed allowing a quick and easy implantation of I-125 seeds in interstitial therapy of intracranial tumors. The magazine is made of steel and has the shape of a right parallelepiped. One seed can be put each time into a movable insert. The magazine is connected to a normal application canula. It is easy to handle and contributes much to radioprotection. (orig.) [de

Analysis of the radiobiology of ytterbium-169 and iodine-125 permanent brachytherapy implants

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Lazarescu, G.R. [Windsor Regional Cancer Center, Ontario Cancer Treatment and Research Foundation, Windsor, Canada N8W 2X3 (Canada); Battista, J.J. [London Regional Cancer Center, Ontario Cancer Treatment and Research Foundation, Dept. of Oncology and Dept. of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada N6A 4L6 (Canada)

1997-09-01

Recently, Yb-169 has been considered as a potential replacement for I-125 and Pd-103 in permanent implants. In spite of the uncertainties in the parameters necessary for an accurate radiobiological modelling, the linear quadratic model can be useful in the comparative evaluation of the radiotherapeutic merit of similar implants. In order to find out if a Yb-169 permanent implant can be made biologically 'equivalent' to an I-125 implant, we studied the dependence of local control on the tumour cell radiosensitivity and on the balance between the rate of tumour cell killing and tumour cell proliferation, for rapidly and slowly proliferating tumours. The extrapolated response dose (ERD) has been calculated for tumour and late reacting normal tissue for both types of implants and the possible biological restrictions due to the normal tissue tolerance have been discussed. Our theoretical analysis is consistent with the clinical results published for I-125 permanent implants in prostate tumours and meningiomas. It predicts that Yb-169, which has only recently been used in human tumours, can provide comparable tumour control for permanent implants in slowly proliferating tumours with an initial dose rate of 13 cGy h{sup -1}. Control might be extended to rapidly proliferating tumours by increasing the initial dose rate within a range consistent with an acceptable level of normal tissue late reaction. (author)

Interactive, three dimensional, CT-based treatment planning of stereotaxic I-125 brain implants. 132

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lulu, B.; Lewis, J.; Smith, V.; Stuart, A.

1987-01-01

Brain implants of I-125 seeds are done with the Brown-Roberts-Wells stereotaxic frame. The patient is CT scanned with the frame bolted to the skull. In the time between the scan and surgery, while the patient is under anesthesia, an interactive three dimensional CT-based treatment plan is performed on a VAX computer. The program is menu driven, easy to use, and easily modifiable. Device dependencies are limited to a small number of subroutines, and an array processor is used to speed dose calculations

Rectal and urinary morbidity in patients undergoing prostate I-125 implant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hu, Kenneth; Wallner, Kent

1997-01-01

PURPOSE: To determine the risk of urinary incontinence or severe rectal complications in patients who have TURP/TUIP or rectal bleeding after I-125 prostate brachytherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred nine patients with T1-T2 prostatic carcinoma were treated with I-125 implantation from 1988 through 1994. Ten patients underwent TURP/TUIP after brachtherapy to relieve urinary obstruction refractory to non-surgical management. Twenty-two developed rectal morbidity and were subsequently followed with endoscopy and serial clinical evaluation. RESULTS: Permanent urinary incontinence following TURP/TUIP developed in seven of 10 patients. Urinary incontinence was mild in three patients (LENT score = 1) and severe in 4 additional patients (LENT score = 3). There was no relationship between the degree of incontinence and the use of TURP versus TUIP, mass of tissue resected, or time between brachytherapy and TURP/TUIP. Urethral doses were higher than we generally recommend (> 140 Gy) in the 5 patients for whom detailed urethral radiation dose information was available, Rectal morbidity developed in twenty-two patients. Twenty experienced radiation proctitis-related bright red blood per rectum (BRBPR), the majority of which ((15(20))) were mild (RTOG score = 1) and treated with medical management. The other 5 developed either a rectal ulcer ((3(5))) or fistula ((2(5))). The two patients without significant BRBPR developed a fistula and ulcer. Two of three patients with fistulas had predisposing conditions (pre-implant history of fistula and previous pelvic radiation for rectal cancer). All four rectal ulcers healed with conservative management. CONCLUSION: Permanent urinary incontinence is common in patients who require a TURP/TUIP after prostate brachytherapy. Its cause is multifactorial and may include surgically-related damage to the urinary sphincters and radiation dose to the uretha. Rectal morbidity after prostate brachtherapy is mild in the majority of cases and

Combination of multi-disciplinary techniques with 125I seeds in treating malignant obstructive jaundice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Du Xueming; Xu Jianhui; Lang Jianhua; Tian Xiurong; Dong Wei

2008-01-01

Objective: To explore the effectiveness and safety of the combined multi-disciplinary techniques with 125 I seeds to treat the malignant obstructive jaundice. Methods: 18 cases:of malignant obstructive jaundice were divided into 2 groups. A group with ERBD technique followed by CT-guided interstitial 125 I seeds implantation, B group with 125 I seeds implantation during the operation and gallbladder-intestine anastomosis later on. After 2 months amelioration (CR, PR,SD, PD) of the obstructive jaundice was observed with inspection of liver functions. Results: All cases were ameliorated with 44% patients in group A and 56% patients in group B, showing no significant statistical difference (P>0.05); and the liver functions were also relieved in both groups with no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion: Multi-disciplinary techniques combined with 125 I seeds implantation is effective in the management of the malignant obstructive jaundice. No significant difference for relief and liver function were found between CT-guided and during operation interstitial 125 I seeds implantations, but it seems more quickly relief or recovery was achieved in the latter. (authors)

125I Monotherapy Using D90 Implant Doses of 180 Gy or Greater

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kao, Johnny; Stone, Nelson N.; Lavaf, Amir; Dumane, Vishruta; Cesaretti, Jamie A.; Stock, Richard G.

2008-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize the oncologic results and toxicity profile of patients treated with 125 I implants using the dose delivered to 90% of the gland from the dose-volume histogram (D90) of greater than 144 Gy. Methods and Materials: From June 1995 to Feb 2005, a total of 643 patients were treated with 125 I monotherapy for T1-T2 prostate cancer with a D90 of 180 Gy or greater (median, 197 Gy; range, 180-267 Gy). Implantations were performed using a real-time ultrasound-guided seed-placement method and intraoperative dosimetry to optimize target coverage and homogeneity by using modified peripheral loading. We analyzed biochemical disease-free survival (bDFS) of 435 patients who had a minimum 2-year prostate-specific antigen follow-up (median follow-up, 6.7 years; range, 2.0-11.1 years). Results: Five-year bDFS rates for the entire cohort using the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology and Phoenix definitions were 96.9% and 96.5%, respectively. Using the Phoenix definition, 5-year bDFS rates were 97.3% for low-risk patients and 92.8% for intermediate/high-risk patients. The positive biopsy rate was 4.1%. The freedom rate from Grade 2 or higher rectal bleeding at 5 years was 88.5%. Acute urinary retention occurred in 10.7%, more commonly in patients with high pretreatment International Prostate Symptom Scores (p < 0.01). In patients who were potent before treatment, 73.4% remained potent at 5 years after implantation. Conclusions: Patients with a minimum D90 of 180 Gy had outstanding local control based on prostate-specific antigen control and biopsy data. Toxicity profiles, particularly for long-term urinary and sexual function, were excellent and showed that D90 doses of 180 Gy or greater performed using the technique described were feasible and tolerable

Iodine-125 seed implantation for unresectable pancreatic carcinoma guided by intraoperative ultrasound

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Junjie; Xiu Dianrong; Ran Weiqiang; Bai Jing; Zhu Lihong; Liu Jiangping

2005-01-01

Objective: To investigate the surgical technique, efficacy and side effects of 125 I seed interstitial implantation for pancreatic carcinoma. Methods: A total of 22 patients with biopsy proven unresectable adenocarcinoma of pancreas were treated with 125 I implants during laparotomy. Of them 11 patients were treated previously by a combination of bypass surgery. The stent was implanted in 2 cases 2 weeks before and 4 weeks after seed implantation. Seed needles were implanted parallelly to each other, with 1-1.5 cm apart. Mick applicator was being connected to each needle to implant seed. The radioactive activity ranged 0.40-0.70 mCi, the matched peripheral doses were 65-145 Gy. The mean number of 125 I seed was 11-78. Five cases received external beam irradiation with 3D-CRT, the doses were 39-70 Gy and 5 patients received 2 cycle of gemcitabine chemotherapy at 1000 mg/m 2 on dl and d8. Results: Pain was completely relieved in 12 cases, partially relieved in 2 cases, and no response was noted in one case, so the response rate was 93.33%. The median time was 2-3 d. Altogethe 27.27% of the cases died from local recurrence of pancreatic carcinoma and 50% from metastasis. The median survival time in these patients was 6 months, with a 2-year survival rate of 9.09%. The seed immigrated to liver in 3 cases. There were no serious side effects such as infection, pancreatitis, pancreatic fistula, etc. Conclusion: Radioactive seed implantation was safe, high local control, minidamage, satisfactory palliation of pain and without significant complications. (authors)

Three-dimensional verification of 125I seed stability after permanent implantation in the parotid gland and periparotid region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fan, Yi; Huang, Ming-Wei; Zheng, Lei; Zhao, Yi-Jiao; Zhang, Jian-Guo

2015-01-01

To evaluate seed stability after permanent implantation in the parotid gland and periparotid region via a three-dimensional reconstruction of CT data. Fifteen patients treated from June 2008 to June 2012 at Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology for parotid gland tumors with postoperative adjunctive 125 I interstitial brachytherapy were retrospectively reviewed in this study. Serial CT data were obtained during follow-up. Mimics and Geomagic Studio software were used for seed reconstruction and stability analysis, respectively. Seed loss and/or migration outside of the treated area were absent in all patients during follow-up (23–71 months). Total seed cluster volume was maximized on day 1 post-implantation due to edema and decreased significantly by an average of 13.5 % (SD = 9.80 %; 95 % CI, 6.82–17.68 %) during the first two months and an average of 4.5 % (SD = 3.60 %; 95 % CI, 2.29–6.29 %) during the next four months. Volume stabilized over the subsequent six months. 125 I seed number and location were stable with a general volumetric shrinkage tendency in the parotid gland and periparotid region. Three-dimensional seed reconstruction of CT images is feasible for visualization and verification of implanted seeds in parotid brachytherapy

Influence of sequential 125I particle chain implantation and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization on tumor cell killing effect in patients with liver cancer

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Wei Dai

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Objective: To study the influence of sequential 125I particle chain implantation and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE on tumor cell killing effect in patients with liver cancer. Methods: A total of 82 cases of patients with advanced liver cancer who were treated in our hospital between September 2014 and December 2016 were collected, reviewed and then divided into the control group (n=45 who received TACE alone and the observation group (n=37 who received sequential 125I particle chain implantation and TACE. Serum levels of tumor markers, angiogenesis indexes and apoptosis molecules before and after treatments were compared between two groups of patients. Results: Before treatment, differences in serum levels of tumor markers, angiogenesis indexes and apoptosis molecules were not statistically significant between two groups of patients. After treatment, serum tumor markers AFP, CA199, CA153 and Ferritin levels in observation group were lower than those in control group; serum angiogenesis indexes VEGF, PEDF, ES and bFGF contents were lower than those in control group; serum apoptosis molecules p53 and Fas contents were higher than those in control group. Conclusion: Sequential 125I particle chain implantation and TACE treatment of advanced liver cancer can effectively reduce tumor malignancy and promote tumor apoptosis.

Computed tomographic-guided iodine-125 interstitial implants for malignant thoracic tumors

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Huang, Qiming [The Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350005 (China); The Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 34 Zhongshan Bei Road, Quanzhou 362000 (China); Chen, Jin; Chen, Qunlin [The Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350005 (China); Lai, Qingquan; Cai, Siqing [The Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 34 Zhongshan Bei Road, Quanzhou 362000 (China); Luo, Kaidong [The Department of Radiology, Longyan Hosptial of Traditional Chinese Medical, 59 Longteng Middle Road, Longyan 364000 (China); Lin, Zhengyu, E-mail: linsinlan@yahoo.com.cn [The Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350005 (China)

2013-11-01

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of percutaneous interstitial brachytherapy using iodine-125 ({sup 125}I) radioactive seeds under computed tomographic (CT) guidance for malignant thoracic tumors. Materials and methods: Forty-one patients (34 males, 7 females; 18–90 years; mean, 63.7 years) with 77 lesions (3 in the mediastinum, 7 in the chest wall, 67 in the lung) underwent percutaneous interstitial implantation of {sup 125}I radioactive seeds under CT guidance. A treatment planning system (TPS) was employed to calculate the number and distribution of seeds preoperatively. An 18-G needle was inserted into the lesions under CT guidance and send the seeds according to TPS. Two patients with mediastinal lesions undergoing seed implantation received an artificial pneumothorax. One patient with lung carcinoma adjacent to the anterior mediastinum underwent seed implantation through the sternum. Follow-up CT was done every 2 months postoperatively. Results: The procedure was successful in all patients. No major procedure-associated death occurred. The mean duration of follow-up was 19.4 ± 1.3 months (3–49 months). A complete response (CR) was seen in 49 lesions (63.6%), partial response (PR) in 9 lesions (11.7%), stable disease (SD) in 12 lesions (12.8%), and progressive disease (PD) in 7 lesions (7.4%). The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 75.3%; the local control rate (CR + PR + SD) was 90.9%. The 1-, 2- and 3-year progression-free rates for local tumors were 91%, 88% and 88%, respectively. The 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were 87%, 74% and 68%, respectively. Conclusion: Implantation of CT-guided {sup 125}I seeds is feasible and effective for patients with malignant thoracic tumors.

Optimal needle arrangement for intraoperative planning in permanent I-125 prostate implants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thompson, S.A.; Fung, A.Y.C.; Zaider, M.

2002-01-01

One limitation of intraoperative planning of permanent prostate implants is that needles must already be in the gland before planning images are acquired. Improperly placed needles often restrict the capability of generating optimal seed placement. We developed guiding principles for the proper layout of needles within the treatment volume. The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center planning system employs a genetic algorithm to find the optimal seed implantation pattern consistent with pre-assigned constraints (needle geometry, uniformity, conformity and the avoidance of high doses to urethra and rectum). Ultrasound volumes for twelve patients with I-125 implants were used to generate six plans per patient (total 72 plans) with different needle arrangements. The plans were evaluated in terms of V100 (percentage prostate volume receiving at least the prescription dose), U135 (percentage urethra volume receiving at least 135% of prescription dose), and CI (conformity index, the ratio of treatment volume to prescription dose volume.) The method termed POSTCTR, in which needles were placed on the periphery of the largest ultrasound slice and posterior central needles were placed as needed, consistently gave superior results for all prostate sizes. Another arrangement, labelled POSTLAT, where the needles were placed peripherally with additional needles in the posterior lateral lobes, also gave satisfactory results. We advocate two needle arrangements, POSTCTR and POSTLAT, with the former giving better results. (author)

Optimal needle arrangement for intraoperative planning in permanent I-125 prostate implants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thompson, S.A. [Department of Medical Physics, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhassett, NY (United States); Fung, A.Y.C.; Zaider, M. [Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (United States)

2002-08-21

One limitation of intraoperative planning of permanent prostate implants is that needles must already be in the gland before planning images are acquired. Improperly placed needles often restrict the capability of generating optimal seed placement. We developed guiding principles for the proper layout of needles within the treatment volume. The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center planning system employs a genetic algorithm to find the optimal seed implantation pattern consistent with pre-assigned constraints (needle geometry, uniformity, conformity and the avoidance of high doses to urethra and rectum). Ultrasound volumes for twelve patients with I-125 implants were used to generate six plans per patient (total 72 plans) with different needle arrangements. The plans were evaluated in terms of V100 (percentage prostate volume receiving at least the prescription dose), U135 (percentage urethra volume receiving at least 135% of prescription dose), and CI (conformity index, the ratio of treatment volume to prescription dose volume.) The method termed POSTCTR, in which needles were placed on the periphery of the largest ultrasound slice and posterior central needles were placed as needed, consistently gave superior results for all prostate sizes. Another arrangement, labelled POSTLAT, where the needles were placed peripherally with additional needles in the posterior lateral lobes, also gave satisfactory results. We advocate two needle arrangements, POSTCTR and POSTLAT, with the former giving better results. (author)

Effect of 125I seeds and 103Pd stents on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhu Jun; Zhu Ruisen

2004-01-01

To establish the theoretical and practical base for implementing radioactive stents aft PTCA in order to prevent restenosis, in vitro observation was taken over the effects of 12 '5I-seeds and 103 Pd-implanted stents on the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. In vitro VSMC model from guinea-pig aortic arteries was established using adherent cell culture methods. The effects of 125 I-seeds and 103 Pd-implanted stents on the VSMC proliferation, with or without fetal bovine serum (FCS), were investigated through cell counting methods and 3 H-TDR implementation tests. It was shown that (1) 10% FCS significantly promoted the DNA synthesis of VSMC (P 125 I-seeds and 103 Pd-implanted stents inhibited the VSMC DNA synthesis in dose-dependent manner, regardless of 10% FCS inducement. At lower radioactive doses, neither 125 I-seeds (18.5-74 kBq) nor 103 Pd-implanted stents (1.48-2.96 MBq) exhibited distinctive effects on the VSMC DNA synthesis (P>0.05); and (3) 48 hour exposure from 125 I-seeds at 128 kBq or 10 '3Pd-implanted stents at 7.4 MBq did not result in VSMC morphological alteration, but 125 I-seeds at 370 kBq caused cells' morphological changes. Therefore both 125 I-seeds and 103 Pd-implanted stents inhibit the in vitro VSMC DNA synthesis, and the inhibition effects are significantly related to their exposure duration and doses. (authors)

American brachytherapy society recommends no change for prostate permanent implant dose prescriptions using iodine-125 or palladium-103

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rivard, M.J.; Butler, W.M.; Merrick, G.S.; Devlin, P.M.; Hayes, J.K.; Hearn, R.A.; Lief, E.P.; Meigooni, A.S.; Williamson, J.F.

2008-01-01

Purpose - In 2004, the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) issued a report outlining recommended 125 I and 103 Pd datasets for consistency in calculating brachytherapy dose distributions. In 2005, to aid evaluating the clinical impact of implementing these datasets, the AAPM assessed the historical dependence of how prescribed doses differed from administered doses for 125 I and 103 Pd for permanent implantation of the prostate. Consequently, the American Brachytherapy Society (ABS) considered the nature of these changes towards issuing recommended dose prescriptions for 125 I and 103 Pd interstitial brachytherapy implants for mono-therapy and standard boosts. Methods and materials - An investigation was performed of the 2005 AAPM analysis to determine changes in administered dose while affixing prescribed dose using 2004 AAPM 125 I and 103 Pd brachytherapy dosimetry datasets for prostate implants. For 125 I and 103 Pd, administered dose would change by +1.4% and +4.2%, respectively. The biological and societal impact of changing prescribed dose was considered. Results - Based on the need for clinical constancy and in recognition of overall uncertainties, the ABS recommends immediate implementation of the 2004 AAPM consensus brachytherapy dosimetry datasets and no changes to 125 I and 103 Pd dose prescriptions at this time. Conclusions - Radiation oncologists should continue to prescribe mono-therapy doses of 145 Gy and 125 Gy for 125 I and 105 Pd, respectively, and standard boost doses of 100-110 Gy and 90-100 Gy for 125 I and 103 Pd, respectively. (authors)

Killing effect of EGFR-TKI combined with 125I seed implantation therapy on ⅢB-Ⅳ stage lung cancer tissue

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Ai-Sheng Xiang

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Objective: To analyze the killing effect of EGFR-TKI combined with 125I seed implantation therapy on ⅢB-Ⅳ stage lung cancer tissue. Methods: A total of 78 patients with ⅢB-Ⅳ stage lung cancer were randomly divided into observation group and control group (n=39, control group received EGFR-TKI treatment and observation group received EGFR-TKI combined with 125I seed implantation therapy. Differences in apoptosis gene, invasion gene and autophagy gene expression in lung tissue were compared between two groups after 1 month of treatment. Results: Apoptosis genes PDCD5, bax and bcl-xS mRNA expression levels in lung tissue of observation group after 1 month of treatment were higher than those of control group while Bag-1, survivin and bcl-xL mRNA expression levels were lower than those of control group; invasion genes CD147, EGFR and DDX17 mRNA expression levels were lower than those of control group while Bin1, E-cadherin and Ovol2 mRNA expression levels were higher than those of control group; autophagy genes ARHI, Beclin1, Atg5, LC3B, pULK and PI3KC3 mRNA expression levels were higher than those of control group. Conclusions: EGFR-TKI combined with 125I seed implantation therapy can enhance the tumor killing effect on patients with ⅢB-Ⅳ stage lung cancer, and contribute to the optimization of overall condition and the extension of survival time.

Hospitalary inventory of prostatic sources of I-125; Inventario hospitalario de fuentes prostaticas de I-125

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Barquero Sanz, R.; Anton, D.; Frutos Baraja, J. de.; Castillo Belmonte, A. del; Alonso, D.; Miquel, D. de; Lopez Lara-Martin, F.

2013-07-01

In accordance with the current regulations for radioactive facilities of brachytherapy, to carry out treatments of Prostate with I-125, must be a safety study involving evaluate maximum sources activity to use in the implants. In our installation was requested to perform implants permanent interstitial in prostate patients who tend to leaving the hospital in the hours following the intervention. The request which was prepared taking into account the maximum number predictable treatment (two per week), and to determine the activity to request, it was made the removal of seeds surplus by the supplier after each treatment. (Author)

NOTE: Optimal needle arrangement for intraoperative planning in permanent I-125 prostate implants

Science.gov (United States)

Thompson, S. A.; Fung, A. Y. C.; Zaider, M.

2002-08-01

One limitation of intraoperative planning of permanent prostate implants is that needles must already be in the gland before planning images are acquired. Improperly placed needles often restrict the capability of generating optimal seed placement. We developed guiding principles for the proper layout of needles within the treatment volume. The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center planning system employs a genetic algorithm to find the optimal seed implantation pattern consistent with pre-assigned constraints (needle geometry, uniformity, conformity and the avoidance of high doses to urethra and rectum). Ultrasound volumes for twelve patients with I-125 implants were used to generate six plans per patient (total 72 plans) with different needle arrangements. The plans were evaluated in terms of V100 (percentage prostate volume receiving at least the prescription dose), U135 (percentage urethra volume receiving at least 135% of prescription dose), and CI (conformity index, the ratio of treatment volume to prescription dose volume.) The method termed POSTCTR, in which needles were placed on the periphery of the largest ultrasound slice and posterior central needles were placed as needed, consistently gave superior results for all prostate sizes. Another arrangement, labelled POSTLAT, where the needles were placed peripherally with additional needles in the posterior lateral lobes, also gave satisfactory results. We advocate two needle arrangements, POSTCTR and POSTLAT, with the former giving better results.

Radiation safety and protection of close contacts from radiators after implantation of radioactive 125I seeds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sui Aixia; Li Jianmin; Tang Fulong; Zhang Hongtao; Ren Ju'na; Pang Linbin; Xia Haishui; Gao Zhen; Wu Lili; Wang Juan

2012-01-01

Objective: To study the effective dose and precaution time of the irradiation of the close contact from the radiators who underwent implantation of radioactive 125 I seeds so as to guide scientifically people how to avoid radiation damage. Methods: Twenty patients with different types of cancer underwent implantation of radioactive 125 I seeds with the median value of implantation depth of 2.16 cm. Within 24 h after the operations the dose rates 30 cm and 100 cm from the skin were measured with pocket-size radiometer so as to imitate the situations of the close contacts. The effective doses and precaution times of different persons were calculated according to relevant formula. Results: The dose rate a person received at the same time points (1, 54, 78, and 109 d, respectively) decreased along with the increase of the distance from the skin (t=5.962, 5.961, 5.961, 5.962, P<0.05), and the dose rate a person received at the same distance from the skin decreased along with the extension of time (30 cm: t=6.236, 6.236, 6.235, P<0.05; 100 cm: t=7.310, 7.315, 7.314, P<0.05). At different time points, the dose rates at 30 cm distance point were all significant higher than those at the 100 cm point (P <0.05). The adult living together, minors and pregnant women sharing the room, colleagues,adults who slept together with the patients began to reach the 50% dose constraint values 0, 54, 78 and 109 days after the operation. Conclusions: After their precaution time, it's safe to contact with the patients for the groups; otherwise, it's necessary to take some protect works within the precaution time. (authors)

Therapeutic value of 3-D printing template-assisted 125I-seed implantation in the treatment of malignant liver tumors

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Han T

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Tao Han,1,* Xiaodan Yang,1,* Ying Xu,2,* Zhendong Zheng,1,* Ying Yan,2 Ning Wang2 1Department of Oncology, 2Department of Radiotherapy, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Objective: To explore the therapeutic value of 3-D printing template-assisted 125I-seed implantation in the treatment of malignant liver tumors.Materials and methods: Fifteen liver cancer patients with 47 total lesions were treated with 3-D printing template-assisted radioactive seed implantation (group A, and 25 liver-tumor patients with 66 total lesions were treated with 125I-seed implantation without a template auxiliary (group B. Operation time, in-hospital time, operation complications, dose distribution, and response rate (number were compared between the two groups. Results: Shorter operation times and better dose distribution were observed in group A than in group B, and the differences were statistically significant. The response rate after 2 months was 86.7% (13 of 15 in group A and 84% (21 of 25 in group B; differences between the two groups were not significant.Conclusion: Application of 3-D printing template-assisted radioactive seed implantation in the treatment of malignant liver tumors can help shorten operation time and optimize radiation-dose distribution, is worthy of further study, and has clinical significance. Keywords: brachytherapy, stereotactic techniques, iodine isotopes, liver, carcinoma 

Dosimetric comparison of seed strength for I-125 prostate implants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elliott, S.; Droege, J.; Beaufort, C.

2004-01-01

Full text: The strength of 1-125 seeds for prostate brachytherapy has been a topic of increasing popularity in the literature over the last few years. Recent reports, which include planning and clinical studies, compare dosimetry between plans and implants using higher (0.5 - 0.8 U, where IU = I μGym 2 h -1 ) or lower (0.3 - 0.4 U) seed strength. The majority of these studies support higher seed strengths for obtaining optimal dosimetry. At the WBRC, a seed air kerma strength of just under 0.4 U is currently used for seed implants. The purpose of this work is to investigate the use of higher strength seeds for our prostate implants. Twenty-four patients were selected according to prostate size, and re-planned using a seed strength of 0.5 U or 0.6 U. Planning was performed following our standard preplanning guidelines as closely as possible; that is, manual planning using a modified Seattle approach and dosimetry limits for the target volume of D 100 : > 95 Gy, v 100 > 98 %, V 150 : 52 - 62 % and V 200 : 11 - 16 %. Dosimetry from the original preplans was then compared to the dosimetry from the re-planned cases. Satisfactory dosimetry was obtained using 0.5 U or 0.6 U strength seeds. Seed placement was typically around the periphery of the target on all slices, to avoid overdosing the urethra. The mean D 100 (Gy) is marginally improved with the higher seed strength. As expected, the V200 (%) is also higher. The mean number of seeds required per implant decreased by 16 % and 28 % for 0.5 U and 0.6 U seeds respectively. The mean number of needles decreased by 7 needles for 0.6 U seeds, however only by 3 needles for 0.5 U seeds. Rectal doses, when using the higher strength seeds, were easily constrained to less than the original preplan doses. Although there was no apparent trend in dosimetry statistics with volume size, as a function of seed strength, it was noted that the reduction in needle and seed number was most significant for medium and large target volumes. A

Tumor therapy with 125I-octreotide and 125I-UdR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fan, W.; Zhu, R.; Yang, C.; Sun, J.J.; Xu, Y.J.; Zhang, Y.J.; Wu, M.J.; Wang, D.J.

2005-01-01

Purpose: To determine the tumor cell damage effect with Auger-electron emitter 125 I in different chemical states. Methods: (1) [Tyr 3 ] octreotide (TOC) and UdR are labeled with 125 I,respectively. (2) Receptor analysis of 125 I-TOC on small cell lung cancer (SCLC) NCI-H446 cell lines is performed comparing with normal lymph cells. NCI-H446 cells added various dose of 125 I-TOC are incubated for different time with 125 I-Nal and non-labeled TOC as control. The capacity of NCI-H446 cell lines bound and internalization of 125 I TOC are determined. The radiation damage of tumor cells is measured by MTF methods. (3) The killing effects of 125 I-UdR in human pancreatic cancer cell line Bax-Pc and Sca-BER bladder carcinoma cells are evaluated with the similar methods. I-UdR penetrating into the Sca-BER cell nucleus is observed with confocal microscope. The grow suppression and clonogenic formation of Sca-BER cells after incubation with 125 I-UdR are analyzed. Proliferation fraction and S phase cell fraction of Sca-BER cell added 125 I-UdR is measured with flow cytometric analysis. Results: (1) Kd=(0.56∼2.0) x 10 -11 mol/L and B max =(1.17∼2.0) x 10 5 cell site are obtained by receptor analysis of 125 I-TOC on NCI-H446 cells. Comparatively, the difference between total binding and non-specific binding is low and there is no saturation of specific binding for normal lymphocyte. About 50% of 125 I-TOC is internalized into the NCI-H446 cell nucleus at 24h after incubation. The damige of NCI-H446 cells by 125 I-TOC is clearly observed. (2) The penetration amount of 125 I-UdR into cell nucleus increases with the incubate time when the concentration of 125 I-UdR is in the range of 10∼500 kBq/mL and reaches the peak fraction of 94% at 36 h after incubation. The radioactivity of 125 I-UdR is then achieved equelibration and no more increased with time. The linear correlation with γ=0.867∼0.978 between the concentration of 125 I-UdR in cell nucleus and the incubation time

The effect of the radial function on I-125 seeds used for permanent prostate implantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pickett, Barby; Pouliot, Jean

2004-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the integrity of eight commercially-available low-activity Iodine-125 ( 125 I) seeds for their radial function g(r) and its effect on the dose delivered to the adjacent critical structures when used in permanent prostate implants (PPI). Ten previously treated patients were retrospectively used in this comparison. The Amersham Health Oncura seed was used to peripherally design an isodose distribution with urethral and anterior rectal wall sparing. Plan criteria included minimum coverage of 144 Gy to the planning target volume (PTV), ≤ 70% dose to 150% of the PTV volume (V150-PTV), and the quantity of needles ≤ 70% of the size of the PTV, in cc. Upon completion of the Oncura plan, the seed type was changed and the activity was adjusted until the V100-PTV for each of the other 7 seed types matched the V100-PTV defined by the Oncura seed. Computed tomography (CT)-based postimplant dosimetry was used to determine the dose to 40% (D40) of the bulb of the penis (in Gy). Dose-volume histograms (DVH) were used to evaluate the differences to V100 (in %) and D40 (in Gy) of the anterior rectal wall and bulb of the penis, and V100 (in %) of the urethra. The data was tabulated. Radioactive 125 I sources included in this study were 125 I Source 2301 (Best); I-Plant (MedTech), IoGold (Mentor), Oncura (Amersham Health), ProstaSeed (UroCor), SelectSeed (Nucletron), SourceTech (Bard), and Symmetra (UroMed). The sizes of the PTV for the 10 patients ranged from 18.82 cc to 48.99 cc. The Oncura seed was used as the reference seed and all other seed types were normalized to it for data comparison. It was determined that the dose rate constant (xwedge) and anisotropy factor (phi) contribute to the activity needed to achieve comparable V100-PTV doses, but a strong dependence on the radial function g(r) was found to effect the doses to the critical structures studied. Values of g(r) at 4 cm were calculated and the IoGold and SourceTech seeds

Histology study on the dorsal root ganglia of rats with 125I seed brachytherapy at intervertebral foramen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Wenyi; Wang Huixing; Ding Yanqiu; Qu Ximei; Wang Liqin; Liu Zhongchao; Cui Songye; Jiao Ling

2012-01-01

Objective: To investigate the effect of the histological changes on rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) after 125 I seed brachytherapy.Methods Twelve adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (150-180 g each) were randomly divided into 6 groups, 125 I seeds with different activities of 0 (Titanium shell), 14.8, 18.5, 22.2, 25.9 and 29.6 MBq were implanted to 6 groups of rats respectively and the behavioral changes of rats were observed. The rats were killed in different periods after implantation,the morphological changes in DRG and surrounding muscle tissue were observed with an Olympus BX51 optical microscope and then the irradiation doses were estimated. Results: After 125 I seed implantation, the movement function of rats was not affected and the weight of rats gained after 7 days. After the titanium shell implantation, very few mild swelling was induced in neuroganglion cells that still had clear nucleolus and normal cytoplasm. At 14 days after 18.5 MBq seed implantation, cell swelling was more serious and cell dehydrating, nuclear condensation and nuclear fragmentation appeared after 30 days. At 60 days after 29.6 MBq of seed implantation, nuclear dissolution and cytoplasmic shrinkage were induced in a large number of cells.In general, the severity of fibrosis was aggravated with the time post-irradiation and the dose in the muscles around the ganglion. Conclusions: After 125 I seed implantation,the injury degree of DRG tissue is dose-dependent, and the 125 I seed irradiation would have analgesic effect on releasing intractable pain. (authors)

Comparison of Dosimetric and Biologic Effective Dose Parameters for Prostate and Urethra Using 131Cs and 125I for Prostate Permanent Implant Brachytherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sahgal, Arjun; Jabbari, Siavash; Chen, Josephine; Pickett, Barbie; Roach, Mack; Weinberg, Vivian; Hsu, I-C.; Pouliot, Jean

2008-01-01

Purpose: To compare the urethral and prostate absolute and biologic effective doses (BEDs) for 131 Cs and 125 I prostate permanent implant brachytherapy (PPI). Methods and Materials: Eight previously implanted manually planned 125 I PPI patients were replanned manually with 131 Cs, and re-planned using Inverse Planning Simulated Annealing. 131 Cs activity and the prescribed dose (115 Gy) were determined from that recommended by IsoRay. The BED was calculated for the prostate and urethra using an α/β ratio of 2 and was also calculated for the prostate using an α/β ratio of 6 and a urethral α/β ratio of 2. The primary endpoints of this study were the prostate D 90 BED (pD 90 BED) and urethral D 30 BED normalized to the maximal potential prostate D 90 BED (nuD 30 BED). Results: The manual plan comparison (α/β = 2) yielded no significant difference in the prostate D 90 BED (median, 192 Gy 2 for both isotopes). No significant difference was observed for the nuD 30 BED (median, 199 Gy 2 and 202 Gy 2 for 125 I and 131 Cs, respectively). For the inverse planning simulated annealing plan comparisons (α/β 2), the prostate D 90 BED was significantly lower with 131 Cs than with 125 I (median, 177 Gy 2 vs. 187 Gy 2 , respectively; p = 0.01). However, the nuD 30 BED was significantly greater with 131 Cs than with 125 I (median, 192 Gy 2 vs. 189 Gy 2 , respectively; p = 0.01). Both the manual and the inverse planning simulated annealing plans resulted in a significantly lower prostate D 90 BED (p = 0.01) and significantly greater nuD 30 BED for 131 Cs (p = 0.01), compared with 125 I, when the prostate α/β ratio was 6 and the urethral α/β ratio was 2. Conclusion: This report highlights the controversy in comparing the dose to both the prostate and the organs at risk with different radionuclides

The use of anisotropic data in 125I prostate implants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fox, R.A.; Haworth, A.; Mina, L.L.

1997-01-01

The report recently published by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group 43 (TG43) recommends the use of a two dimensional dose distribution function for the dosimetry associated with 125 I, 192 Ir and 103 Pd sources. For commercial planning systems that cannot be readily adapted to use a two dimensional function, a point source approximation is provided. The dose distribution around an array of 125 I seeds has been calculated using the two dimensional model and the point source approximation. Isodose distributions through selected planes and dose volume histograms of selected cubic volumes show that differences between the two models for this array are insignificant, particularly in view of the uncertainties associated with using the data which is provided by TG43 for the two dimensional anisotropy function and that it should be retained for planning prostrate treatments with 125 I seeds. It is recommended that each application must be examined separately to establish the extent to which an isotropic dose distribution is applicable

Versatility of Capsular Flaps in the Salvage of Exposed Breast Implants

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Beniamino Brunetti, MD

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Summary: Breast implant exposure due to poor tissue coverage or previous irradiation represents a surgical challenge both in the reconstructive and aesthetic plastic surgery practice. In case of implant extrusion or incipient exposure, the commonly suggested strategies, such as targeted antibiotic therapy, drainage and lavage of the cavity, fistulectomy, and primary closure, may be ineffective leading the surgeon to an unwanted implant removal or to adopt more invasive flap coverage procedures. Breast implant capsule, in its physiological clinical behavior, can be considered as a new reliable source of tissue, which can be used in a wide range of clinical situations. In our hands, capsular flaps proved to be a versatile solution not only to treat breast contour deformities or inframammary fold malpositions but also to salvage exposed breast implants. In this scenario, the use of more invasive surgical techniques can be avoided or simply saved and delayed for future recurrences.(Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2015;3:e340; doi:10.1097/GOX.0000000000000307; Published online 30 March 2015.

Salvage stereotactic body radiotherapy for locally recurrent non-small cell lung cancer after sublobar resection and I125 vicryl mesh brachytherapy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beant Singh Gill

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Purpose: Locally-recurrent non-small cell lung cancer (LR-NSCLC remains challenging treat, particularly in patients having received prior radiotherapy. Heterogeneous populations and varied treatment intent in existing literature result in significant limitations in evaluating efficacy of lung re-irradiation. In order to better establish the impact of re-irradiation in patients with LR-NSCLC following high-dose radiotherapy, we report outcomes for patients treated with prior sublobar resection and brachytherapy that subsequently underwent stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT.Methods: A retrospective review of patients initially treated with sublobar resection and I125 vicryl mesh brachytherapy, who later developed LR-NSCLC along the suture line, was performed. Patients received salvage SBRT with curative intent. Dose and fractionation was based on tumor location and size, with a median prescription dose of 48 Gy in 4 fractions (range 20-60 Gy in 1-4 fractions.Results: Thirteen consecutive patients were identified with median follow-up of 2.1 years (range 0.7-5.6 years. Two in-field local failures occurred at 7.5 and 11.1 months, resulting in 2-year local control of 83.9% (95% CI 63.5-100.0%. Two-year disease-free survival and overall survival estimates were 38.5% (95% CI 0.0-65.0% and 65.8% (95% CI, 38.2-93.4%. Four patients (31% remained disease-free at last follow-up. All but one patient who experienced disease recurrence developed isolated or synchronous distant metastases. Only one patient (7.7% developed grade ≥3 toxicity, consisting of grade 3 esophageal stricture following a centrally located recurrence previously treated with radiofrequency ablation.Conclusion: Despite high local radiation doses delivered to lung parenchyma previously with I125 brachytherapy, re-irradiation with SBRT for LR-NSCLC results in excellent local control with limited morbidity, allowing for potential disease cure in a subset of patients.

Iodine-125 implants for carcinoma of the prostate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peschel, R.E.; Fogel, T.D.; Kacinski, B.M.; Kelly, K.; Mate, T.P.

1985-01-01

One hundred-thirteen patients underwent Iodine-125 prostate implant and lymphadenectomy at Yale-New Haven Hospital from 1974 through 1980. The distribution by clinical stage was: 7 Stage A2, 86 Stage B, and 20 Stage C patients. Ninety-four patients had a negative lymphadenectomy and 19 patients (17%) had metastatic disease in the pelvic lymph nodes (N+). The actuarial 5-year survival for all 113 patients was 87%. Local tumor control was 85% for all Stage B patients and 75% for all Stage C patients. Only 10 patients (9%) have developed long-term gastrointestinal or genitourinary complications following their implant. Iodine-125 implant appears to be a reasonable alternate form of therapy in highly selected groups of patients with carcinoma of the prostate

125I implantation combined with chemotherapy for treatment of local recurrent stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luo Honglei; Yu Xiaojuan; Li Jin; Chen Xiaofei; He Jingdong

2013-01-01

Objective: To investigate the associated effect of 125 I implantation plus chemotherapy in local recurrent stage Ⅲ NSCLC patients. Methods: From January 2006 to January 2009, 34 patients documented with local recurrent stage Ⅲ NSCLC were divided into two groups by random number table. The treatment group was treated with 125 I permanent implantation combined with DP regimen (docetaxel 60 mg/m 2 + cisplatinum 75 mg/m 2 ), while the control group received only DP chemotherapy. According to the TPS, the treatment group received CT-guided percutaneous implantation of 125 I seeds with a particle activity of 2.22 ×10 7 -2.59 × 10 7 Bq. The prescribed dose was in the range of 90-110 Gy and the postoperatively matched peripheral dose (mPD) and D 90 were verified by TPS. The control group received a DP chemotherapy regime for 4 cycles after the procedure. This study was approved by the ethics committee,and all patients signed informed consents. The follow up time was up to disease progression. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to describe the local lesion control (LLC) time and progression free survival (PFS). Log-rank test was used in the comparison of the survival rates between the two groups. Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the differences of CR rate and recent efficiency between two groups. Results: In the treatment group, postoperative mPD was 93.9-130.4 (M 116.7) Gy, and D 90 was 103.6-148.2 (M 130.6) Gy. The LLC time was 4.7 to 24.0 months with a median of 11.6 (95% CI: 8.7-14.6) months. In two cases, there was no recurrence during the follow-up time of 24 months.PFS was 4.7 to 24.0 months with a median of 10.5 (95% CI: 7.4-13.6) months. The recent effective rate of the treatment group was 64.7% (11/17).CR, PR, SD and PD were 41.2% (7/17), 23.5% (4/17), 23.5% (4/17) and 11.8% (2/17), respectively. In the control group, the LLC time was 4.5 to 11.4 months with a median of 7.5 (95 % CI: 6.7-8.3) months, and the median of PFS was 6.5 (4

In vivo dosimetry using a linear Mosfet-array dosimeter to determine the urethra dose in 125I permanent prostate implants.

Science.gov (United States)

Bloemen-van Gurp, Esther J; Murrer, Lars H P; Haanstra, Björk K C; van Gils, Francis C J M; Dekker, Andre L A J; Mijnheer, Ben J; Lambin, Philippe

2009-01-01

In vivo dosimetry during brachytherapy of the prostate with (125)I seeds is challenging because of the high dose gradients and low photon energies involved. We present the results of a study using metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) dosimeters to evaluate the dose in the urethra after a permanent prostate implantation procedure. Phantom measurements were made to validate the measurement technique, determine the measurement accuracy, and define action levels for clinical measurements. Patient measurements were performed with a MOSFET array in the urinary catheter immediately after the implantation procedure. A CT scan was performed, and dose values, calculated by the treatment planning system, were compared to in vivo dose values measured with MOSFET dosimeters. Corrections for temperature dependence of the MOSFET array response and photon attenuation in the catheter on the in vivo dose values are necessary. The overall uncertainty in the measurement procedure, determined in a simulation experiment, is 8.0% (1 SD). In vivo dose values were obtained for 17 patients. In the high-dose region (> 100 Gy), calculated and measured dose values agreed within 1.7% +/- 10.7% (1 SD). In the low-dose region outside the prostate (MOSFET detectors are suitable for in vivo dosimetry during (125)I brachytherapy of prostate cancer. An action level of +/- 16% (2 SD) for detection of errors in the implantation procedure is achievable after validation of the detector system and measurement conditions.

Synthesis of (125) I-lamivudine and (125) I-lamivudine-ursodeoxycholic acid codrug.

Science.gov (United States)

Motaleb, M A; Abo-Kul, M; Ibrahim, Samy M; Saad, Shokry M; Arafat, Muhammad

2016-09-01

The preparation of (125) I-lamivudine ((125) I-3TC) and (125) I-lamivudine-ursodeoxycholic acid codrug ((125) I-3TC-UDCA), suitable for comparative biodistribution studies, is described. The synthesis of the unlabeled precursor 3TC-UDCA proceeds in an 11.6% yield, and the radiolabelling yields for (125) I-3TC and (125) I-3TC-UDCA were 89 and 92%, respectively. The final products are radiochemically pure (greater than 98%). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Iodine-125 seed implantation (permanent brachytherapy) for clinically localized prostate cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ebara, Shin; Katayama, Yoshihisa; Tanimoto, Ryuta

2008-01-01

From January 2004 to March 2007, 308 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer were treated using iodine-125 ( 125 I) seed implantation (permanent brachytherapy) at Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences. We evaluated the treatment's efficacy and morbidity in 300 prostate cancer patients who were followed up for more than 1 month after brachytherapy. Based on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, patients with a prostate volume of less than 40 ml in transrectal ultrasound imaging were classified as low or intermediate risk. The median patient age was 67 years (range 50 to 79 years), the median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value before biopsy was 6.95 ng/ml (range 1.13 to 24.7 ng/ml), and the median prostate volume was 24.33 ml (range 9.3 to 41.76 ml). The median follow-up was 18 months (range 1 to 36 months) and the PSA levels decreased in almost all patients after brachytherapy. Although 194 of 300 patients (64.7%) complained of difficulty in urination, pollakisuria/urgency, miction pain, and/or urinary incontinence, all of which might be associated with radiation prostatitis during the first month after brachytherapy, these symptoms gradually improved. 125 I seed implantation brachytherapy is safe and effective for localized prostate cancer within short-term follow up. (author)

Dosimetric and volumetric criteria for selecting a source activity and a source type (125I or 103Pd) in the presence of irregular seed placement in permanent prostate implants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wuu, C.-S.; Ennis, Ronald D.; Schiff, Peter B.; Lee, Eva K.; Zaider, Marco

2000-01-01

Purpose: The dosimetric merit of a permanent prostate implant relies on two factors: the quality of the plan itself, and the fidelity of its implementation. The former factor depends on source type and on source strength, while the latter is a combination of skill and experience. The purpose of this study is to offer criteria by which to select a source type ( 125 I or 103 Pd) and activity. Methods and Materials: Given a prescription dose and potential seed positions along needles, treatment plans were designed for a number of seed types and activities, specifically for 125 I with activities ranging from 0.3 to 0.7 mCi, and for 103 Pd with activities in the range of 0.8 to 1.6 mCi. To avoid human planner bias, an automated computerized planning system based on integer programming was used to obtain optimal seed configurations for each seed type and activity. To simulate the effect of seed-placement inaccuracies, random seed-displacement 'errors' were generated for all plans. The displacement errors were assumed to be uniformly distributed within a cube with side equal to 2no. sigmano. The resulting treatment plans were assessed using two volumetric and two dosimetric indices. Results: For 125 I implants a coverage index (CI) of 98.5% or higher can be achieved for all activities (CI is the fraction of the target volume receiving the prescribed or larger dose). The external volume index (EI) (i.e., the amount of healthy tissue, as percentage of the target volume, receiving the prescribed or larger dose) increases from 13.9% to 20% as the activity increases from 0.3 to 0.7 mCi. For implants using 103 Pd, the external volume index increases from 10.2% to 13.9% whenever CI exceeds 98.5%. Volumetric and dosimetric indices (coverage index, external volume index, D90, and D80) are all sensitive to seed displacement, although the activity dependence of these indices is more pronounced for 125 I than for 103 Pd implants. Conclusions: For both isotopes, the lower activities

Clinical Study on Using 125I Seeds Articles Combined with Biliary Stent Implantation in the Treatment of Malignant Obstructive Jaundice.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Tao; Liu, Sheng; Zheng, Yan-Bo; Song, Xue-Peng; Sun, Bo-Lin; Jiang, Wen-Jin; Wang, Li-Gang

2017-08-01

Aim: To study the feasibility and curative effect of 125 I seeds articles combined with biliary stent implantation in the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice. Patients and Methods: Fifty patients with malignant obstructive jaundice were included. Twenty-four were treated by biliary stent implantation combined with intraluminal brachytherapy by 125 I seeds articles as the experimental group, while the remaining 26 were treated by biliary stent implantation only as the control group. The goal of this study was to evaluate total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and tumor markers (cancer antigen (CA)-199, CA-242 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)), as well as biliary stent patency status and survival time before and after surgery. Results: Jaundice improved greatly in both groups. The decreases of CA-199 and CA-242 had statistical significance (p=0.003 and p=0.004) in the experimental group. The ratio of biliary stent patency was 83.3% (20/24) in the experimental group and 57.7% (15/26) in the control group (p=0.048). The biliary stent patency time in the experimental group was 1~15.5 (mean=9.84) months. The biliary stent patency time in the control group was 0.8~9 (mean=5.57) months, which was statistically significant (p=0.018). The median survival time was 10.2 months in the experimental group, while 5.4 months in control group (pjaundice possibly by inhibiting the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and the growth of tumor. Copyright© 2017, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.

1.5 T conventional MR-guided iodine-125 interstitial implants for hepatocellular carcinoma: Feasibility and preliminary clinical experience

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lin Zhengyu; Lin Jun; Lin Cong; Li Yinguan; Chen Shaoming; Hu Jianping; Hu Rui; Chen Jin

2012-01-01

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and therapeutic efficacy of 1.5 T conventional MR-guided percutaneous interstitial implantation of I-125 radioactive seeds in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and methods: The institutional ethics committee approved this study. After imformed consent was obtained, twenty-three patients suffering from a total of 65 HCC lesions were treated with I-125 seed permanent interstitial implantation under the guidance of a 1.5 T conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. The FSE T2WI, T1 FSPGR, FIESTA 2D, 3D Dyn T1WI sequences were used to guide an 18G MR-compatible needle inserted into the lesions to introduce the I-125 seeds. The response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) were used to evaluate the curative effect. Results: The needle and I-125 seed were seen clearly on MRI images. The final dose delivered to total decay was 173.46 ± 32.44 Gy (range, 110–270 Gy) as calculated by postoperative TPS. The complete response (CR) was seen in 22 lesions (33.8%), partial response (PR) in 24 lesions (36.9%), stable disease (SD) in 9 lesions (13.8%), and progressive disease (PD) in 10 lesions (15.4%). The post-operative alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was decreased (t = 3.117, P = 0.005 < 0.05). Two patients were observed a small area of subcapsular bleeding that did not lead to any symptoms or clinical sequelae. Conclusion: MR-guided I-125 implantation for HCC is technically feasible and effective.

Role of TPS in 125I brachytherapy for orbital tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ren Ling; Dai Haojie; Li Quan

2012-01-01

Objective: To investigate the role of TPS in 125 I brachytherapy for orbital tumors. Methods: Sixty-six patients with orbital tumor treated with 125 I seeds from 2005 to 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Forty-three patients were treated using TPS guided brachytherapy and the prescribed dose was 140 Gy. Other 23 patients were treated without TPS but simply implanted with 125 I seeds at 1 cm intervals in parallel with each other intraoperatively. CT and TPS quality verification were performed postoperatively in all patients. Also, CT and (or) MRI examination were performed at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after brachytherapy for follow-up. χ 2 test and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with log-rank significance test were used with SPSS 17.0. Results: A total of 1070 125 I seeds were implanted in 66 cases, on average, (16.2 ± 7.3) seeds for each patient. The satisfaction rates of postoperative quality verification in patients with and without TPS pre-plans were 79.07% (34/43) and 43.48% (10/23) respectively (χ 2 =8.542, P=0.003). Ten patients were lost in follow-up. Local recurrence rates in patients with favorable postoperative quality verification were 0 (0/37) in 3 months, 6.25% (2/32) in 6 months, 13.64% (3/22) in 12 months and 3/9 in 24 months respectively, which were significantly different from those (5.26% (1/19), 16.67% (3/18), 30.77% (4/13), 6/6) in the patients with inferior postoperative quality verification (χ 2 =9.017, P=0.0003). Conclusions: TPS plays an important role in 125 I brachytherapy for orbital tumors. Also, postoperative quality verification by TPS may help predict the local recurrence after brachytherapy. (authors)

Hospitalary inventory of prostatic sources of I-125

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barquero Sanz, R.; Anton, D.; Frutos Baraja, J. de.; Castillo Belmonte, A. del; Alonso, D.; Miquel, D. de; Lopez Lara-Martin, F.

2013-01-01

In accordance with the current regulations for radioactive facilities of brachytherapy, to carry out treatments of Prostate with I-125, must be a safety study involving evaluate maximum sources activity to use in the implants. In our installation was requested to perform implants permanent interstitial in prostate patients who tend to leaving the hospital in the hours following the intervention. The request which was prepared taking into account the maximum number predictable treatment (two per week), and to determine the activity to request, it was made the removal of seeds surplus by the supplier after each treatment. (Author)

[Technique of intraoperative planning in prostatic brachytherapy with permanent implants of 125I or 103Pd].

Science.gov (United States)

Prada Gómez, Pedro José; Juan Rijo, Germán; Hevia Suarez, Miguel; Abascal García, José María; Abascal García, Ramón

2002-12-01

Prostatic brachytherapy with permanent 125I or 123Pd seeds implantation is a therapeutic option for organ-confined prostate cancer. We analyze the technique based on previous planning, our current intraoperative planning procedure and the reasons that moved us to introduce this change. Changes in prostate volume and spatial localization observed between previous planning and intraoperative images, and possible difficulties for seed implantation due to pubic arch interference are some of the reasons that induce us to change technique. Before the operation, we calculate the prostatic volume by transrectal ultrasound; with this information we determine the total implant activity following Wu's nomogram, and per-seed activity; therefore, it is an individual process for each patient. We perform a peripheral implant, placing 75-80% of the seeds within the peripheral prostatic zone, generally through 12-15 needles, the rest of the seeds are placed in the central prostatic zone using a maximum of 3-4 needles in high volume prostates. The day of intervention, after positioning and catheter insertion, volumetry is re-checked. Ultrasound images (from base to apex every 5 mm) are transferred to the planner were a suitable seed distribution is determined. Implantation is then performed placing all needles unloaded, and then intraoperative post-planning to allow us to check implant precision is performed after cistoscopically check that there is no urethral or bladder penetration by any needle. We finish with the insertion of seeds into the prostate. Total time for the procedure is around 90 minutes. Intraoperative planning is an additional step for the treatment of prostate cancer with permanent seeds brachytherapy, which avoids the disadvantages of previous planning and improves tumor inclusion in the ideal irradiation dose area, which will translate into better local disease control.

Comparative dosimetry of prostate brachytherapy with I-125 and Pd-103 seeds via SISCODES/MCNP

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Trindade, Bruno Machado; Falcao, Patricia Lima, E-mail: bmtrindade@yahoo.com [Nucleo de Radiacoes Ionizantes - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (NRI/UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Christovao, Marilia Tavares [Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear (CDTN/CNEN-MG), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Trindade, Daniela de Fatima Maia [Centro Universitario Una, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Campos, Tarcisio Passos Ribeiro de [Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)

2012-09-15

Objective: The present paper is aimed at presenting a comparative dosimetric study of prostate brachytherapy with I-125 and Pd-103 seeds. Materials and Methods: A protocol for both implants with 148 seeds was simulated on a heterogeneous three-dimensional pelvic phantom by means of the SISCODES/MCNP5 codes. Dose-volume histograms on prostate, rectum and bladder, dose indexes D10, D30, D90, D0.5cc, D2cc and D7cc, and representations of the spatial dose distribution were evaluated. Results: For a D90 index equivalent to the prescription dose, the initial activity of each I-125 seed was calculated as 0.42 mCi and of Pd-103 as 0.94 mCi. The maximum dose on the urethra was 90% and 108% of the prescription dose for I-125 and Pd-103, respectively. The D2cc for I-125 was 30 Gy on the rectum and 127 Gy on the bladder; for Pd-103 was 29 Gy on the rectum and 189 Gy on the bladder. The D10 on the pubic bone was 144 Gy for I-125 and 66 Gy for Pd-103. Conclusion: The results indicate that Pd-103 and I-125 implants could deposit the prescribed dose on the target volume. Among the findings of the present study, there is an excessive radiation exposure of the pelvic bones, particularly with the I-125 protocol. (author)

Side effects of permanent I125 prostate seed implants in 667 patients treated in Leeds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bottomley, David; Ash, Dan; Al-Qaisieh, Bashar; Carey, Brendan; Joseph, Joji; St Clair, Shaun; Gould, Kathy

2007-01-01

Purpose: To report the side effects and complications after I-125 seeds prostate implant after 8.5 years experience. Methods and materials: Six hundred and sixty seven (667) patients were treated between March 1995 and December 2001. The median follow up is 31 months with a maximum of 98.2 months. Morbidity data were collected from a review of patient case-notes. Patients also provided prospective data on urinary symptoms using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) scoring chart before treatment and at regular follow up. Patients were also sent a questionnaire detailing symptoms and side effects following their brachytherapy. This enabled them to record urinary, bowel and sexual function side effects independently. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify the risk of catheterisation in relation to the pre-implant prostate volume and potential implant factors such as the number of seeds and needles and implant dose. Result: The urinary symptom score rises in the first few months after implantation and returns to within one or two points of the pre-treatment score within one year. Nine patients reported incontinence prior to treatment and 15, 12 and 10 patients reported incontinence 6, 12 and 24 months after treatment, respectively. Catheterisation was reported in 97 (14.5%) patients. At six months 84.9% of patients reported no change in bowel function and 78.9% at 12 months. 6.4% of patients complained of some increased bowel frequency at 6 months and 5.7% at 12 months. 402 (77.2%) patients reported being fully potent before treatment and that this fell to 32.4% after treatment. Logistic regression showed that the most significant factors which correlate with the probability of catheterisation are the pre-treatment prostate volume and the number of seeds and needles implanted. Conclusion: The side effects and complications after prostate brachytherapy as reported here and elsewhere confirm that the treatment is not only convenient but also

The side effects and complications of percutaneous iodine-125 seeds implantation under CT-guide for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Lv, Wei-Fu; Lu, Dong; Xiao, Jing-Kun; Mukhiya, Gauri; Tan, Zhong-Xiao; Cheng, De-Lei; Zhou, Chun-Ze; Zhang, Xing-Min; Zhang, Zheng-Feng; Hou, Chang-Long

2017-12-01

The present study investigates the side effects and complications of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous iodine-125 (I-125) seeds implantation for advanced pancreatic cancer. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed for patients treated with implantation of I-125 seeds under CT-guide in our hospital from May 2010 to April 2015. The side effects and complications were collected and their possible reasons were analyzed. A total of 78 patients were enrolled. The side effects were categorized as fever in 29 cases (37.18%), abdominal pain in 26 cases (33.33%), nausea and vomiting in 9 cases (11.54%), diarrhea in 5 cases (6.41%), and constipation in 4 cases (5.13%). Complications were composed of pancreatitis in 9 cases (11.54%), infection in 5 cases (6.41%), seed migration in 2 cases (2.56%), intestinal perforation in 1 case (1.28%), and intestinal obstruction in 1 case. The incidence of complication was 23.08% (18/78). The difference in incidence of complication was statistically significant between patients implanted with ≤27 seeds and those with >27 seeds (P = .032). The side effects and complications frequently occur in implantation of I-125 seeds for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. More concern should be given to the patients treated by this technique. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma adjacent to large blood vessels using 1.5T MRI-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation combined with iodine-125 radioactive seed implantation

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Lin, Zheng-Yu, E-mail: linsinlan@yahoo.com.cn [The Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350005 (China); Chen, Jin, E-mail: snow8968851@163.com [The Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350005 (China); Deng, Xiu-Fen, E-mail: dxf197286@yahoo.com.cn [The Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350005 (China)

2012-11-15

Objective: The objective is to study the technology associated with and feasibility of the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) adjacent to large blood vessels using 1.5T MRI-guided radiofrequency ablation combined with iodine-125 (I-125) radioactive seed implantation. Methods: Sixteen patients with a total of 24 HCC lesions (average maximum diameter: 2.35 {+-} 1.03 cm) were pathologically confirmed by biopsy or clinically diagnosed received 1.5T MRI-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment. Each patient had one lesion adjacent to large blood vessels ({>=}3 mm); after the ablation, I-125 radioactive seeds were implanted in the portions of the lesions that were adjacent to the blood vessels. Results: All the ablations and I-125 radioactive seed implantations were successful; a total of 118 seeds were implanted. The ablated lesions exhibited hypointense signals on the T2WI sequence with a thin rim of hyperintense signals; they also exhibited significant hyperintense signals on the T1WI sequence with clear boundaries. The average follow-up period was 11.1 {+-} 6.2 months. There were 23 complete responses and one partial response in the 24 lesions. The alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels of the patients significantly decreased. Conclusion: The 1.5T MRI-guided RFA combined with I-125 radioactive seed implantation for the treatment of HCC adjacent to large blood vessels is an effective technology.

A dynamic model for the estimation of optimum timing of computed tomography scan for dose evaluation of 125I or 103Pd seed implant of prostate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yue Ning; Dicker, Adam P.; Corn, Benjamin W.; Nath, Ravinder; Waterman, Frank M.

1999-01-01

Purpose/Objective: The dosimetric evaluation of permanent 125 I or 103 Pd prostate implant is based on the assumption that both prostate and seeds are static throughout the entire treatment time which lasts months. However, the prostate is often edematous after the surgical implantation of seeds. Therefore, both the volume of the prostate and the seed locations change dynamically as the edema resolves. This effect has impact on the validity of postimplant analysis based upon a CT scan. If a CT scan is taken too early after implantation while there is edema in the prostate, the dose delivered by the implant may be underestimated. If the imaging is delayed too long, the dose may be overestimated. The magnitude of this effect depends on both of the half-life of the isotope used and the half-life and magnitude of the edema. This study describes a dynamic biomathematical model which takes edema into account in calculating the dose delivered by the implant and is used to investigate the optimum time to obtain the postimplant CT scan. Materials and Methods: The dynamic biomathematical model is a numerical integration of the accumulated dose in which the prostate dimensions, the seed locations, and the source strength are all functions of time. The function which describes the change in prostate dimensions and seed locations as a function of time was determined in a separate study by analysis of serial postimplant CT scans. Dose-volume histograms (DVH) of the prostate for the total dose generated by the dynamic model are compared to DVHs generated by CT scans simulated for postimplant intervals ranging from 0 to 300 days after the implantation for 30 different combinations of the magnitude and duration of edema. Results: DVHs of the prostate calculated by taking edema into account show that the time of obtaining a CT scan for postimplant analysis is critical to the accuracy of dose evaluations. The comparison of the DVHs generated by the dynamic model to those generated by

Edema associated with I-125 or Pd-103 prostate brachytherapy and its impact on post-implant dosimetry: an analysis based on serial CT acquisition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Waterman, Frank M.; Yue, Ning; Corn, Benjamin W.; Dicker, Adam P.

1998-01-01

Purpose: To characterize the magnitude and duration of post-implant edema following the implantation of I-125 or Pd-103 seeds into the prostate and to investigate its effect on the CT-based calculation of the total dose delivered by the implant. Materials and Methods: A pre-implant CT scan and 3 to 5 serial post-implant CT scans were obtained on 10 patients who received either I-125 or Pd-103 seed implants. None of the patients received hormone therapy. The magnitude and duration of edema were determined from the change in the spatial distribution of the implanted seeds as the edema resolves. Dose volume histograms were compiled to determine the percentage of the prostate volume that received a dose equal to, or greater than, the prescribed dose. Results: The magnitude of the edema, expressed as the ratio of the post- to pre-implant volume on the day of the procedure, ranged from 1.33 to 1.96 (mean 1.52). The edema decreased exponentially with time; however, the edema half-life (time for the edema to decrease by 1/2) varied from 4 to 25 days (mean 9.3 days). As the edema resolved, the percentage of the prostate that received a dose equal to or greater than the prescribed dose increased by at least 7% in 7 of the 10 patients and increased by more than 15% in 2. In those patients in whom dose coverage was unaffected by the resolution of edema, more than 90% of the prostate was covered by the prescribed dose in the initial CT scan. Conclusion: Post-implant edema increased the prostate volume by factors which ranged from 1.33 to 1.96 (mean: 1.52). The edema resolved exponentially with an edema half-life which varied from 4 to 25 days (mean: 9.3 days). Edema had a significant effect on the post-implant dosimetry in 7 of 10 cases. Factors that affect the impact of edema on the dosimetry are the magnitude of the edema and the planned margin between the prescribed isodose line and the periphery of the prostate

Permanent interstitial implantation of 125Iodine seed for thoracic malignant tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xu Zhongheng; Qian Yongyue; Wu Jinchang; Liu Zengli

2002-01-01

Objective: To observe effect of 125 Iodine sed on interstitial brachytherapy of patient with thoracic malignant tumor. Methods: 125 Iodine seed were inserted into the target tissue and permanent left there for brachytherapy in 6 cases of thoracic malignant tumors, which including lung cancer, Pancoast's tumour, mediastinal malignant schwannoma. Results: All cases were rehabilitated shortly after operation. The implanted lesions remained controlled now and in dead patients. No radiation-related and 125 Iodine seed-related complications occurred. Conclusion: Brachytherapy by implantation of 125 Iodine seeds of remained tumor tissue in patients with thoracic malignant tumor after operation has a satisfactory outcome. This therapy can control local recurrent of thoracic malignant tumor. But the results in long term should be studied further

Multivariable model development and internal validation for prostate cancer specific survival and overall survival after whole-gland salvage Iodine-125 prostate brachytherapy

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Peters, Max; van der Voort van Zyp, Jochem R N; Moerland, Marinus A; Hoekstra, Carel J; van de Pol, Sandrine; Westendorp, Hendrik; Maenhout, Metha; Kattevilder, Rob; Verkooijen, Helena M; van Rossum, Peter S N; Ahmed, Hashim U; Shah, Taimur T; Emberton, Mark; van Vulpen, Marco

BACKGROUND: Whole-gland salvage Iodine-125-brachytherapy is a potentially curative treatment strategy for localised prostate cancer (PCa) recurrences after radiotherapy. Prognostic factors influencing PCa-specific and overall survival (PCaSS & OS) are not known. The objective of this study was to

An analysis of brachytherapy with computed tomography-guided permanent implantation of Iodine-125 seeds for recurrent nonkeratin nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shen X

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Xinying Shen,1,2 Yong Li,2 Yanfang Zhang,2 Jian Kong,2 Yanhao Li1 1Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 2Department of Interventional Radiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China Background: 125I seed implantation is a new method in treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC, and it is worthwhile to evaluate its feasibility. In this study, we performed brachytherapy with computed tomography (CT-guided permanent implantation of 125I seeds in the treatment of patients with the recurrence of NPC.Methods: A total 30 patients (20 male and ten female at the median age of 55 (range 25–80 years were diagnosed with recurrent nonkeratin NPC, with a total 38 lesions and a short disease-free interval (median ~11 months after primary radiotherapy alone or combined with chemotherapy. Patients received CT scan, starting from 2 months after the treatment. Follow-up was conducted for ~2–38 months to observe the local control rate and overall survival rate. We also analyzed the possible correlation between survival periods and the status of recurrent tumors.Results: The local control rates at 6, 12, 24, 30, and 36 months after the procedure of 125I seed implantation were 86.8%, 73.7%, 26.3%, 15.8%, and 5.3%, respectively. The overall 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 80.0% (24/30, 30.0% (9/30, and 6.7% (2/30, respectively, with a median survival period of 18 months (17.6±8.6 months. Interestingly, the survival periods of the patients who had primary radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy were 15.8±7.9 and 24.3±7.9 months, respectively. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that χ2 (log rank was 7.555, with very significant difference (P<0.01. The survival periods of patients in tumor stages I, II, III, and IV were 25.4±8.7, 19.8±9.4, 16.1±4.5, and 12.8±7.8 months, respectively, with

Dosimetric study of permanent prostate brachytherapy utilizing 131Cs, 125I and 103Pd seeds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang Ruijie; Wang Junjie; Zhang Hongzhi

2009-01-01

Objective: To compare the dosimetric differences of permanent prostate brachytherapy utilizing 131 Cs, 125 I and 103 Pd seeds. Methods: Twenty-five patients with T 1 -T 2 c prostate cancer who had previously implanted with 125 I seeds were randomly selected in our study. The patients were re-planned with 131 Cs, 125 I and 103 Pd seeds by using the Prowess Brachytherapy 3.1 planning system to the prescription doses of 115 Gy, 145 Gy and 125 Gy, respectively. The seed strengths were 1.8 U,0.5 U and 1.8 U, respectively. The prostate, prostatic urethra and anterior wall of the rectum were contoured on trans-rectal ultrasound images. PTV was outlined based on the prostate volume with no margin applied. The attempted planning goals were that V 100 (the percentage volume of the prostate receiving at least 100% of the prescription doses)= 95%, D 90 (the minimum percentage dose covering 90% of the prostate volume) ≥100%, and prostatic urethra UD 10 (the maximum percentage dose receiving by 10% of the contoured urethra) ≤150%. For the plan comparison, we also computed prostate V 150 , prostatic urethra UV 120 , rectum RV 100 , and the number of implanted seeds and needles. The significance of the differences was tested using one way analysis of variance. Results: The average V 200 in the 103 Pd, 125 I and 131 Cs plans were 28.7%, 20.9% and 19.6% (F=42.50, P=0.000); the average V 150 were 51.9%, 42.1% and 39.4% (F=26.15, P=0.000); the average UV 120 were 26.9%, 29.5% and 23.8% (F=0.37, P=0.691); and the average rectum RV 100 were 0.31 cm 3 , 0.22 cm 3 and 0.19 cm 3 (F=0.43, P=0.652). For 103 Pd, 125 I and 131 Cs, the average number of implanted seeds per cm 3 prostate were 2.02, 2.01 and 1.87 (F=1.92, P=0.154), and the average number of needles were 33.6, 32.9 and 31.6 (F=0.26,P=0.772). Conclusions: Comparing to 125 I and 103 Pd seeds used in permanent prostate brachytherapy, 131 Cs seeds has better dose homogeneity, and possible better sparing of the urethra and rectum

The preparation of 125I - gastrin I and 125 - minigastrin for medical diagnostics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Byszewska-Szpocinska, E.; Markiewicz, A.

2002-01-01

Gastrin I G-17 and minigastrin G-13 were iodinated using direct methods with chloramin T and iodogen procedures and by indirect method with Bolton-Hunter reagent. 125 I - gastrin and 1 25 I - minigastrin were isolated from the iodination mixtures by gel filtration on Sephadex G-10 and Sephadex G-25 (PD-10 column) and by HPLC system (Lichrospher WP-300-RP-18 column). Radiochemical purity was shown by HPLC also. It was confirmed that iodogen procedure is the best for iodination of these peptides. 125 I - gastrin I obtained by this method with specific activity 80 μCi/nmol was homogeneous but iodination to higher specific activity (440μCi/nmol) caused appearance of two subfractions. 125 I - minigastrin with high and low specific activity were isolated by HPLC as the two forms (subfractions). It was shown that high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was the best method for isolation and purification of 125 I - gastrin I and 125 I - minigastrin. (author)

Edema associated with I-125 or Pd-103 prostate brachytherapy and its effect on post-implant dosimetry: an analysis based on serial CT acquisition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Waterman, Frank M.; Yue Ning; Corn, Benjamin W.; Dicker, Adam P.

1997-01-01

Purpose/Objective: The dosimetric evaluation of prostate implants is based on analyses of post-implant CT scans. However, if the prostate is edematous as a consequence of needle insertion at the time of imaging, parameters such as dose coverage and the minimum prostatic dose may be underestimated. The purpose of this study is to characterize the magnitude and duration of post-implant edema, and its effect on dosimetry. Materials and Methods: Serial CT scans were obtained at 0, 1, 3, 7, and 15 weeks post-implant on 10 patients who received either I-125 or Pd-103 seed implants. Pre-implant CT scans of each prostate were also obtained. None of the patients received hormone therapy. The magnitude and duration of edema were evaluated by two different methods. In the first, the relative change in the prostate dimensions was determined from the change in the spatial distribution of the implanted seeds, which contract as edema decreases. The radial distance of each seed from the geometric center of the seed cluster was first calculated and then the mean value was computed. The relative change in the mean radial distance in the serial CT scans reflects the relative change in the prostate dimensions. In the second, the prostate in each CT scan was contoured by the same individual, and the prostate volume was computed. A dose-volume histogram of each contoured volume was compiled, from which the minimum prostatic dose and the percentage of the prostate volume which received the prescribed dose were determined. Results: Edema was present in all of the implanted prostates. The magnitude of the edema, expressed as the ratio of the post- to pre-implant volume, ranged from 1.25 to 1.70 (mean 1.47) immediately after implantation. Both methodologies revealed that the edema decreased exponentially with time; however, the edema half-life (time for the edema to decrease by (1(2))) varied considerably, ranging from 3 to 23 days (mean 8.5 days). As edema regressed, the minimum prostatic

Disease-related effects of perioperative blood transfusions associated with 125I seed implantation for prostate carcinoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petersen, J.P.; Schellhammer, P.F.; el-Mahdi, A.M.

1990-01-01

In some retrospective studies perioperative transfusions during oncologic surgery have been shown to decrease the time interval between surgery and local and/or distant recurrence of cancer. This study examines the disease-related effect, if any, of perioperative blood transfusions among 108 patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate treated by radioactive iodine-125 seed implantation of the prostate and lymphadenectomy. When all subjects were analyzed, there was no statistical difference of local and distant failure between the transfused and nontransfused groups. Patients with well-differentiated tumors had statistically fewer local recurrences (0% vs 22%, p = 0.036) if they were transfused perioperatively. However, the difference in distant metastases (0% vs 11%) was not statistically significant (p = 0.21). In contrast, patients with moderately and poorly differentiated disease receiving transfusions had more local recurrences and metastases, though this was not statistically significant. Our data suggest that there is no obvious evidence that perioperative blood transfusions have an adverse effect on local recurrence or distant metastases for iodine-125 seed implantation of carcinoma of the prostate

Metabolism in the isolated rat heart: comparison of 125I-BMIPP with 125I-IPPA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Shaoliang; Cheng Aiping; Xu Lanwen; Qiao Weiwei

2008-01-01

Objective: The fatty acid metabolism in myocardium is recently one of the most interesting subjects in nuclear cardiology. The purpose of this study was to clarify the metabolic fate of 125 I-labeled 15-(p-iodophenyl)-3-(R, S)-methyl-pentadecanoic acid ( 125 I-BMIPP) and 15-(p-[ 125 I] iodophenyl) pentadecanoic acid ( 125 I-IPPA) by means of isolated rat hearts. Methods: Ten isolated rat hearts were prepared and perfused with 125 I-BMIPP (5 rats) or 125 I-IPPA (5 rats) for 3 h following a basic perfusion of 30 min. After perfusion, the radioactivity in the recirculated buffer was measured. The metabolites in the buffer were then extracted and analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Results: At the beginning (5 rain) of 125 I-BMIPP perfusion, the main radioactive peak appeared on HPLC at 37 min, which remained after 3 h perfusion. Several small peaks eluting were found before the parent peak at 30, 26, 21, 16, 12 and 9 min, respectively. At the beginning (5 min) of 125 I-IPPA perfusion, the main peak appeared on HPLC at 33 min, which disappeared after 3 h. Conclusions: 125 I-BMIPP strongly inhibited beta-oxidation, therefore appeared suitable for myocardial metabolic imaging. 125 I-IPPA was metabolized rapidly. (authors)

Methodology of quality control for brachytherapy {sup 125}I seeds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moura, Eduardo S.; Zeituni, Carlos A.; Manzoli, Jose E.; Rostelato, Maria Elisa C.M. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)]. E-mail: esmoura@ipen.br

2007-07-01

This paper presents the methodology of quality control of {sup 125}I seeds used for brachytherapy. The {sup 125}I seeds are millimeter titanium capsules widely used in permanent implants of prostate cancer, allowing a high dose within the tumour and a low dose on the surrounding tissues, with very low harm to the other tissues. Besides, with this procedure, the patients have a low impotence rate and a small incidence of urinary incontinence. To meet the medical standards, an efficient quality control is necessary, showing values with the minimum uncertainness possible, concerning the seeds dimensions and their respective activities. The medical needles are used to insert the seeds inside the prostate. The needles used in brachytherapy have an internal diameter of 1.0 mm, so it is necessary {sup 125}I seeds with an external maximum diameter of 0.85 mm. For the seeds and the spacer positioning on the planning sheet, the seeds must have a length between 4.5 and 5.0 mm. The activities must not vary more than 5% in each batch of {sup 125}I seeds. For this methodology, we used two ionization chamber detectors and one caliper. In this paper, the methodology using one control batch with 75 seeds manufactured by GE Health care Ltd is presented. (author)

R.I.S.-125 {sup 125}I air monitor system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Belaish, I; Levinson, S; German, U; Pelled, O; Laichter, Y; Wangrovitz, U; Tirosh, D; Barak, D [Israel Atomic Energy Commission, Beersheba (Israel). Nuclear Research Center-Negev

1996-12-01

We have developed at NRCN a prototype of a continuous K-Ray air monitoring (CAM) system called `R.1.S.-125` (Radioactive Isotope Sampler for {sup 125}I). The system. was checked according to ANSI N42.17B -1989 (authors).

Self-expandable medical memorial metallic stent with 125I seeds for the treatment of esophageal carcinoma: a retrospective analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Shuo; Lu Bin

2011-01-01

Objective: To discuss the curative effect and safety of the implantation of self-expandable medical memorial metallic stent with 125 I seeds for the treatment of advanced esophageal carcinomas. Methods: Implantation of self-expandable medical memorial metallic stent with 125 I seeds was performed in 32 patients with advanced esophageal canner. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The technical success rate, the operation time, the immediate and mid-term effectiveness, the survival time, the complications, the body weight, the blood picture, the immune indexes, the average hospitalization days and hospitalization expenses were analyzed. Results: The average operation time was (18±5) minutes. Successful stent implantation was achieved in all 32 patients (100%). No 125 I seeds fell off during the procedure. The remission rate of dysphagia was 100%. Esophageal restenosis occurred in four patients, and displacement of the stent was seed in one patient. One month after the treatment, 90% of patients had a Karnofsky performance score over 60. The mean survival time was (8.7±6.6) months. The average hospitalization time was (7.8±3.7) days and the mean hospitalization cost was (12±3) thousand Chinese Yuan. Conclusion: For the treatment of esophageal carcinomas, the implantation of self-expandable medical memorial metallic stent with 125 I seeds is safe, effective and simple. This treatment can markedly improve the symptom of dysphagia and significantly prolong the patient's survival time. (authors)

I-125 seed dose estimates in heterogeneous phantom

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Branco, Isabela S.L.; Antunes, Paula C.G.; Cavalieri, Tassio A.; Moura, Eduardo S.; Zeituni, Carlos A.; Yoriyaz, Helio

2015-01-01

Brachytherapy plays an important role in the healing process involving tumors in a variety of diseases. Several studies are currently conducted to examine the heterogeneity effects of different tissues and organs in brachytherapy clinical situations and a great effort has been made to incorporate new methodologies to estimate doses with greater accuracy. The objective of this study is to contribute to the assessment of heterogeneous effects on dose due to I-125 brachytherapy source in the presence of different materials with different densities and chemical compositions. The study was performed in heterogeneous phantoms using materials that simulate human tissues. Among these is quoted: breast, fat, muscle, lungs (exhaled and inhaled) and bones with different densities. Monte Carlo simulations for dose calculation in these phantoms were held and subsequently validated. The model 6711 I-125 seed was considered because it is widely used as a brachytherapy permanent implant and the one used in clinics and hospitals in Brazil. Thermoluminescent dosimeters TLD-700 (LiF: Mg, Ti) were simulated for dose assess. Several tissue configurations and positioning of I-125 sources were studied by simulations for future dose measurements. The methodology of this study so far shall be suitable for accurate dosimetric evaluation for different types of brachytherapy treatments, contributing to brachytherapy planning systems complementation allowing a better assessment of the dose actually delivered to the patient. (author)

I-125 seed dose estimates in heterogeneous phantom

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Branco, Isabela S.L.; Antunes, Paula C.G.; Cavalieri, Tassio A.; Moura, Eduardo S.; Zeituni, Carlos A.; Yoriyaz, Helio, E-mail: isabela.slbranco@gmail.com [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2015-07-01

Brachytherapy plays an important role in the healing process involving tumors in a variety of diseases. Several studies are currently conducted to examine the heterogeneity effects of different tissues and organs in brachytherapy clinical situations and a great effort has been made to incorporate new methodologies to estimate doses with greater accuracy. The objective of this study is to contribute to the assessment of heterogeneous effects on dose due to I-125 brachytherapy source in the presence of different materials with different densities and chemical compositions. The study was performed in heterogeneous phantoms using materials that simulate human tissues. Among these is quoted: breast, fat, muscle, lungs (exhaled and inhaled) and bones with different densities. Monte Carlo simulations for dose calculation in these phantoms were held and subsequently validated. The model 6711 I-125 seed was considered because it is widely used as a brachytherapy permanent implant and the one used in clinics and hospitals in Brazil. Thermoluminescent dosimeters TLD-700 (LiF: Mg, Ti) were simulated for dose assess. Several tissue configurations and positioning of I-125 sources were studied by simulations for future dose measurements. The methodology of this study so far shall be suitable for accurate dosimetric evaluation for different types of brachytherapy treatments, contributing to brachytherapy planning systems complementation allowing a better assessment of the dose actually delivered to the patient. (author)

Effect of ovariectomy and 17 beta-estradiol implantation on bone metabolism in female rats fed 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Osborne, M.; Sherman, S.; Soares, J.H. Jr.

1986-01-01

Eight-week old Sprague-Dawley female rats were used in two experiments to test the effects of 17-B estradiol (E 2 ) via silastic tubing implants on 3 H-labelled tetracycline (TC) incorporation into bone. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 was the dietary source of vitamin D in a low calcium (.2%) semipurified eggwhite diet. In experiment I, the Ovx + E 2 animals showed a significantly (p 3 H TC uptake in scapula during a 2-week labelling experiment. An increase in 3 H TC content resulted (p 2 was implanted in 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 fed Ovx rats. However, the calcium content was not significantly different. The effect of dietary 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and E 2 implantation appears to be additive. Optimal action of the Vitamin D endocrine system may be dependent on presence of E 2

A Simple Flap Design for the Salvage of Immediate Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction.

Science.gov (United States)

Yazar, Sukru; Altinkaya, Altug; Karadag, Emine Cigdem; Kara, Halil; Uras, Cihan

2018-02-01

Breast reconstruction with implants is a real challenge in patients with large breast volume. Skin-reducing inverted-T mastectomy is the best solution for these patients. Delayed wound healing or necrosis at the T-junction area can be seen in this procedure, although it may also lead to severe conditions such as the exposure and loss of implant. In this article, the use of local pedicled flap for the management of these situations was discussed. Between April 2010 and July 2015, 54 patients underwent breast reconstruction by inverted-T skin-reducing mastectomy and immediate implant-based breast reconstruction at our clinic. During the postoperative follow-up period, necrosis at the T-junction area was observed in 8 patients. All the patients received proper wound care, and the necrosis was surgically debrided. The defect was closed with Limberg-like rectangular flap. The mean age was 45.2 (range, 33-54) years. The mean body mass index was 25.57 ± 6.53 (range, 21.2-35.2) kg/m. The mean follow-up was 10.9 (range, 4-19) months. Two patients had implant exposure at the defect site after the debridement. There was no implant loss in any of the patients. The Limberg-like rectangular flap can be used as a salvage option in complicated skin-reducing mastectomies and can be considered as a safe and effective method because of its easy-to-use nature, low cost, and no need for microsurgery experience.

Postenucleation orbits in retinoblastoma: treatment with 125I brachytherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stannard, Clare; Sealy, Ross; Hering, Egbert; Hough, Jan; Knowles, Ruth; Lecuona, Karin; Reddi, V. Bala

2002-01-01

Purpose: Children with retinoblastoma that extends into or through the choroid, sclera, or optic nerve are at risk of developing orbital disease, as well as metastases. Previously, these enucleated orbits were treated with external beam radiotherapy in addition to chemotherapy. 125 I brachytherapy for tumors in and around the eye was pioneered by Sealy in Cape Town, South Africa, in 1974. In 1983, he developed a technique to irradiate the contents of the orbit while limiting the dose to the bony orbit and eyelids. Methods and Materials: Six nylon tubes containing 125 I seeds were implanted through the eyelids around the periphery of the orbit. Each contained a metal gutter that screens the outer part of the seeds from the bony orbit. A seventh unscreened tube was placed in the center, and a metal disc with 125 I seeds on its posterior surface was secured beneath the eyelids. Between 1983 and 2000, 57 orbits were treated in 56 children with retinoblastoma. Thirty-six were treated prophylactically and 21, with tumor at the resection line of the nerve, extrascleral tumor, or metastases, were treated therapeutically. They received a median dose of 34 Gy in 70 h; 30 also received chemotherapy. Children with tumor at the resection line of the nerve also received treatment to the craniospinal axis. Results: The median follow-up of the 35 patients treated prophylactically was 35 months (range 0-187). Seven patients died, 6 of metastases, at a median of 10 months (range 4-29) after the implant. Eight of the 13 patients with microscopic extraocular tumor survived a median of 29 months (range 5-156). None of the 8 patients presenting with orbital tumor or metastases survived. No orbital recurrences developed in any of the patients. Cosmesis was considerably improved compared with previous forms of irradiation. Conclusion: Orbital brachytherapy is an effective method of irradiating the orbit to prevent recurrent tumor, the treatment time is short, and the cosmesis is much more

Dosimetria comparativa de braquiterapia de próstata com sementes de I-125 e Pd-103 via SISCODES/MCNP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bruno Machado Trindade

2012-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: O presente artigo visa apresentar um estudo dosimétrico comparativo de braquiterapia de próstata com sementes de I-125 e Pd-103. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Um protocolo adotado para ambos os implantes com 148 sementes foi simulado em um fantoma tridimensional heterogêneo de pelve por meio dos códigos SISCODES/MCNP5. Histogramas dose-volume na próstata, bexiga e reto, índices de doses D10, D30, D90, D0,5cc, D2cc e D7cc, e representações de distribuição espacial de dose foram avaliados. RESULTADOS: A atividade inicial de cada semente de I-125, para que D90 seja equivalente à dose de prescrição, foi calculada em 0,42 mCi, e de Pd-103, em 0,94 mCi. A dose máxima na uretra foi 90% e 108% da dose de prescrição para I-125 e Pd-103, respectivamente. A D2cc para I-125 foi 30 Gy no reto e 127 Gy na bexiga, e para Pd-103 foi 29 Gy no reto e 189 Gy na bexiga. A D10 no osso do púbis foi 144 Gy para I-125 e 66 Gy para Pd-103. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados indicam que os implantes de Pd-103 e I-125 puderam depositar a dose prescrita no volume alvo. Entre os achados, observou-se excessiva exposição de radiação nos ossos da pelve, principalmente no protocolo com I-125.

Oncologic and functional outcome of base of tongue cancer treated with external-beam radiation and I-192 implant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harrison, L.B.; Sessions, R.B.; Strong, E.W.; Fass, D.E.; Armstrong, J.G.; Zelefsky, M.J.

1991-01-01

This paper assesses tumor control and functional outcome for squamous cancer of the base of the tongue managed with external irradiation plus Ir-192 implant. Between January 1981 and June 1990, 36 previously untreated patients were treated with 5,000-5,400 cGy of external-beam radiation plus a 2,000-3,000 cGy boost to the base of tongue with an Ir-192 implant. Negative necks were irradiated alone, and positive necks were treated with irradiation followed by neck dissection. Crude local control by T stage are as follows: T1, 10 of 11; T2, 13 of 14; T3, 8 of 10; and T4 1 of 1. Actuarial local control is 87.5%. Of the four local failures, two were salvaged by surgery. Neck control was achieved in 35 of 36 patients. Complications occurred in 25%. When implantation was done with the nonlooping technique, the injury rate was statistically higher than when done with the looping technique (6 of 12 = 50% vs 3 of 24 = 12.5%, P = .02)

Detection Limits Of The 125I Air Sampler ''RIS125''

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belaish, I.; Levinson, S.; German, U.; Kravchik, T.

1999-01-01

A system for 125 I monitoring in air (RIS-125) was designed and manufactured at NRCN. The main features of the system are described elsewhere. The system can monitor 125 I air contamination in gaseous and aerosol forms. An air monitoring system should have a fast response and the lowest available Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA). The present work presents the characteristic MDA values of the system

Synthesis and binding of [125I2]philanthotoxin-343, [125I2]philanthotoxin-343-lysine, and [125I2]philanthotoxin-343-arginine to rat brain membranes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goodnow, R.A. Jr.; Bukownik, R.; Nakanishi, K.; Usherwood, P.N.; Eldefrawi, A.T.; Anis, N.A.; Eldefrawi, M.E.

1991-01-01

125I2-iodinated philanthotoxin-343 (PhTX-343), [125I2]PhTX-343-arginine, and [125I2]PhTX-343-lysine were synthesized and evaluated as probes for glutamate receptors in rat brain synaptic membranes. It was found that these probes were not specific for the glutamate receptors but may be useful for investigating the polyamine binding site. Filtration assays with Whatman GF/B fiber glass filters were unsuitable because the iodinated PhTX-343 analogues exhibited high nonspecific binding to the filters, thus hindering detection of specific binding to membranes. When binding was measured by a centrifugal assay, [125I2]PhTX-343-lysine bound with low affinity (KD = 11.4 ± 2 microM) to a large number of sites (37.2 ± 9.1 nmol/mg of protein). The binding of [125I2]PhTX-343-lysine was sensitive only to the polyamines spermine and spermidine, which displaced [125I2]PhTX-343-lysine with Ki values of (3.77 ± 1.4) x 10(-5) M and (7.51 ± 0.77) x 10(-5) M, respectively. The binding was insensitive to glutamate receptor agonists and antagonists. Binding results with [125I2]PhTX-343-arginine were similar to those of [125I2]-PhTX-343-lysine. Considering the high number of toxin binding sites (10000-fold more than glutamate) in these membranes and the insensitivity of the binding to almost all drugs that bind to glutamate receptors, it is evident that most of the binding observed is not to glutamate receptors. On the other hand, PhTX analogues with photoaffinity labels may be useful in the isolation/purification of various glutamate and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; they could also be useful in structural studies of receptors and their binding sites

Design and dosimetry of an eye plaque containing I-125 seeds: An improved dose distribution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Detorie, N.A.; Tkacik, M.F.; Neglia, W.J.; Jenkins, D.; Shadday, J.

1986-01-01

To treat intraocular tumors, a temporarily implanted eye plaque, containing 24 I-125 seeds (3M model 6711), was fabricated from 0.6-mm-thick lead disk with a 1.5-cm diameter. The I-125 seeds were distributed in a particular geometric pattern to average the dose anisotropy of each individual seed. Water phantom measurements made with TLD chips (LiF) and film over the approximate depth range of 1-25 mm were compared with treatment planning computer calculations (Capintec RT-108). Data indicate that the specified geometry produces a dose distribution delivering a tumor dose of 10,000 rad to the tumor apex (7 mm) without exceeding a sclera dose (1 mm) of 40,000 rad. Information regarding fabrication, dosimetry, and radiation safety is presented

Preparation of sup 125 I-creatine phosphokinase-MM

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jingxian, Su; Jingmin, Ma [Academia Sinica, Beijing, BJ (China). Inst. of Atomic Energy

1988-09-01

{sup 125}I-creatine phosphokinase-MM ({sup 125}I-CPK-MM) was prepared by {sup 125}I-labelled Bolton-Hunter reagent (HPNS). Iodinating conditions of HPNS and its conjugation to protein were studied. {sup 125}I-CPK-MM with immune activity was obtained and used to establish the {sup 125}I-CPK-MM radioimmunoassay method by the General Hospital of PLA. {sup 125}I-CPK-MM in PBS-G solution containing 0.015 mol/l ethyl mercaptan at 4-10 deg C can be used for one month.

SU-F-T-43: Prediction of Dose Increments by Brain Metastases Resection Cavity Shrinkage Model with I-125 and Cs-131 LDR Seed Implantations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Han, D; Braunstein, S; Sneed, P; McDermott, M; Ma, L [University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (United States)

2016-06-15

Purpose: This work aims to determine dose variability via a brain metastases resection cavity shrinkage model (RC-SM) with I-125 or Cs-131 LDR seed implantations. Methods: The RC-SM was developed to represent sequential volume changes of 95 consecutive brain metastases patients. All patients underwent serial surveillance MR and change in cavity volume was recorded for each patient. For the initial resection cavity, a prolate-ellipsoid cavity model was suggested and applied volume shrinkage rates to correspond to 1.7, 3.6, 5.9, 11.7, and 20.5 months after craniotomy. Extra-ring structure (6mm) was added on a surface of the resection volume and the same shrinkage rates were applied. Total 31 LDR seeds were evenly distributed on the surface of the resection cavity. The Amersham 6711 I-125 seed model (Oncura, Arlington Heights, IL) and the Model Cs-1 Rev2 Cs-131 seed model (IsoRay, Richland, WA) were used for TG-43U1 dose calculation and in-house-programed 3D-volumetric dose calculation system was used for resection cavity rigid model (RC-RM) and the RC-SM dose calculation. Results: The initial resection cavity volume shrunk to 25±6%, 35±6.8%, 42±7.7%, 47±9.5%, and 60±11.6%, with respect to sequential MR images post craniotomy, and the shrinkage rate (SR) was calculated as SR=56.41Xexp(−0.2024Xt)+33.99 and R-square value was 0.98. The normal brain dose as assessed via the dose to the ring structure with the RC-SM showed 29.34% and 27.95% higher than the RC-RM, I-125 and Cs-131, respectively. The dose differences between I-125 and Cs-131 seeds within the same models, I-125 cases were 9.17% and 10.35% higher than Cs-131 cases, the RC-RM and the RC-SM, respectively. Conclusion: A realistic RC-SM should be considered during LDR brain seed implementation and post-implement planning to prevent potential overdose. The RC-SM calculation shows that Cs-131 is more advantageous in sparing normal brain as the resection cavity volume changes with the LDR seeds implementation.

Ejaculatory Function After Permanent 125I Prostate Brachytherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huyghe, Eric; Delannes, Martine; Wagner, Fabien M.; Delaunay, Boris; Nohra, Joe; Thoulouzan, Matthieu; Shut-Yee, J. Yeung; Plante, Pierre; Soulie, Michel; Thonneau, Patrick; Bachaud, Jean Marc

2009-01-01

Purpose: Ejaculatory function is an underreported aspect of male sexuality in men treated for prostate cancer. We conducted the first detailed analysis of ejaculatory function in patients treated with permanent 125 I prostate brachytherapy for localized prostate cancer. Patients and Methods: Of 270 sexually active men with localized prostate cancer treated with permanent 125 I prostate brachytherapy, 241 (89%), with a mean age of 65 years (range, 43-80), responded to a mailed questionnaire derived from the Male Sexual Health Questionnaire regarding ejaculatory function. Five aspects of ejaculatory function were examined: frequency, volume, dry ejaculation, pleasure, and pain. Results: Of the 241 sexually active men, 81.3% had conserved ejaculatory function after prostate brachytherapy; however, the number of patients with rare/absent ejaculatory function was double the pretreatment number (p < .0001). The latter finding was correlated with age (p < .001) and the preimplant International Index of Erectile Function score (p < .001). However, 84.9% of patients with maintained ejaculatory function after implantation reported a reduced volume of ejaculate compared with 26.9% before (p < .001), with dry ejaculation accounting for 18.7% of these cases. After treatment, 30.3% of the patients experienced painful ejaculation compared with 12.9% before (p = .0001), and this was associated with a greater number of implanted needles (p = .021) and the existence of painful ejaculation before implantation (p < .0001). After implantation, 10% of patients who continued to be sexually active experienced no orgasm compared with only 1% before treatment. in addition, more patients experienced late/difficult or weak orgasms (p = .001). Conclusion: Most men treated with brachytherapy have conserved ejaculatory function after prostate brachytherapy. However, most of these men experience a reduction in volume and a deterioration in orgasm.

Orgasm after prostate curietherapy with iodine 125 permanent implants for localized cancer of the prostate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Delaunay, B.; Plante, P.; Huyghe, E.; Delannes, M.; Bachaud, J.-M.; Salloum, A.; Thoulouzan, M.; Soulie, M.; Delavierre, D.; Wagner, F.; Jonca, F.

2011-01-01

Orgasm is a domain of male sexuality that remains underreported in literature. Our aim was to realize the first detailed analysis of orgasm in patients treated by 125 I permanent prostate brachytherapy for localized prostate cancer. In a series of 270 sexually active men treated by prostate brachytherapy ( 125 I permanent implantation), 241 (89%), mean age of 65 (43 80), participated in a mailed survey about sexual function after a mean time of 36 months (9 70). Erectile and ejaculatory functions and orgasm were explored using a mailed questionnaire. Two questions focused on orgasm. The first was about quality of orgasm (fast/intense/late, difficult/weak/absent) and the second about the presence of painful orgasm and its frequency (always/sometimes/often). After prostate brachytherapy, 81.3% of sexually active men conserved ejaculation and 90% orgasm. There was a significant deterioration of the quality of orgasm (P ≡ 0.0001). More than 50% of the patients had an altered orgasm (weak, difficult, absent) after brachytherapy, vs 16% before implantation (P ≡ 0.001). Men with a diminished ejaculation volume often had a weak/difficult orgasm (P ≡ 0.007). Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy did not seem to impact the quality of orgasm or the frequency of painful ejaculation. Patients who had an IIEF-5 score higher than 12 had frequently intense orgasm (26.7% vs 2.7%; P < 0.001) after brachytherapy. Sixty patients (30.3%) experienced often/sometimes painful ejaculation 12.9% (n ≡ 31) before implantation (P ≡ 0.0001). Most of the patients treated by prostate brachytherapy conserved orgasm after treatment. However, most of the patients described a deterioration of the quality of orgasm. (authors)

Dose rate effect of 125I irradiation on normal rabbit eyes and experimental choroidal melanoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, C.M.; Olsen, K.R.; Schwade, J.G.; Houdek, P.V.; Markoe, A.M.; Pisciotta, V.; Xiaodong Wu

1993-01-01

The dose rate effect of radiation by 125 I plaque on choroidal melanoma and normal intraocular tissue was studied. In the first part of the experiment, high activity plaques (HAP) and low activity plagues (LAP) were implanted on rabbit eyes with experimental Greene choroidal melanoma to deliver a total dose of 10 000 cGy to the tumor apex. The mean dose rate calculated at 0.5 mm from the inner sclera in eight eyes with high activity plaques was 3341.5 cGy hr -1 while that in ten eyes with low activity plaques was 239.9 cGy hr -1 . For tumors less than 1.0 mm in height, both groups showed complete tumor regression at the tumor implantation site after plaque treatment. For tumours more than 1.0 mm in height, two out of two eyes in the low activity plaque group and one of four eyes in the high activity plaque group failed to show complete tumor regression. In the second part of the experiment, 125 I plaques were implanted on the sclera of 12 normal rabbits' eyes. Six received high dose rate plaque treatment, while the other six received low dose rate plaque treatment. Clinical and histologic examinations demonstrated more damaging effects to the normal chorioretinal tissues at the plaque implantation site in the high dose rate plaque group. These results suggest that high dose rate plaques are more effective than low dose rate plaques when tumor height is statistically controlled. (Author)

Fragmentation of chromatin with 125I radioactive disintegrations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Turner, G.N.; Nobis, P.; Dewey, W.C.

1976-01-01

The DNA in Chinese hamster cells was labeled first for 3 h with [ 3 H]TdR and then for 3 h with [ 125 I]UdR. Chromatin was extracted, frozen, and stored at -30 0 C until 1.0 x 10 17 and 1.25 x 10 17 disintegrations/g of labeled DNA occurred for 125 I and 3 H, respectively. Velocity sedimentation of chromatin (DNA with associated chromosomal proteins) in neutral sucrose gradients indicated that the localized energy from the 125 I disintegrations, which gave about 1 double-strand break/disintegration plus an additional 1.3 single strand breaks, selectively fragmented the [ 125 I] chromatin into pieces smaller than the [ 3 H] chromatin. In other words, 125 I disintegrations caused much more localized damage in the chromatin labeled with 125 I than in the chromatin labeled with 3 H, and fragments induced in DNA by 125 I disintegrations were not held together by the associated chromosomal proteins. Use of this 125 I technique for studying chromosomal proteins associated with different regions in the cellular DNA is discussed. For these studies, the number of disintegrations required for fragmenting DNA molecules of different sizes is illustrated

Computerized dosimetry of I-125 sources model 6711; Dosimetria computarizada de las fuentes de I-125 modelo 6711

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Isturiz, J [Centre de Radiotherapie du Parc, Dijon (France)

2001-07-01

It tries on: physical presentation of the sources; radiation protection; mathematical model of I-125 source model 6711; data considered for the calculation program; experimental com probation of the dose distribution; exposure rate and apparent activity; techniques of the use given to the sources I-125; and the calculation planning systems. [Spanish] Trata sobre presentacion fisica de las fuentes, radioproteccion, modelo matematico de las fuentes I-125 modelo 6711, datos considerados en el programa de calculo, comprobacion experimental de la distribucion de dosis, tasa de exposicion y actividad aparente, tecnicas de utilizacion de las fuentes I-125; y los sistemas de planificacion del calculo de las dosis.

Distribution and levels of [125I]IGF-I, [125I]IGF-II and [125I]insulin receptor binding sites in the hippocampus of aged memory-unimpaired and -impaired rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Quirion, R.; Rowe, W.; Kar, S.; Dore, S.

1997-01-01

The insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) and insulin are localized within distinct brain regions and their respective functions are mediated by specific membrane receptors. High densities of binding sites for these growth factors are discretely and differentially distributed throughout the brain, with prominent levels localized to the hippocampal formation. IGFs and insulin, in addition to their growth promoting actions, are considered to play important roles in the development and maintenance of normal cell functions throughout life. We compared the anatomical distribution and levels of IGF and insulin receptors in young (five month) and aged (25 month) memory-impaired and memory-unimpaired male Long-Evans rats as determined in the Morris water maze task in order to determine if alterations in IGF and insulin activity may be related to the emergence of cognitive deficits in the aged memory-impaired rat. In the hippocampus, [ 125 I]IGF-I receptors are concentrated primarily in the dentate gyrus (DG) and the CA3 sub-field while high amounts of [ 125 I]IGF-II binding sites are localized to the pyramidal cell layer, and the granular cell layer of the DG. [ 125 I]insulin binding sites are mostly found in the molecular layer of the DG and the CA1 sub-field. No significant differences were found in [ 125 I]IGF-I, [ 125 I]IGF-II or [ 125 I]insulin binding levels in any regions or laminae of the hippocampus of young vs aged rats, and deficits in cognitive performance did not relate to altered levels of these receptors in aged memory-impaired vs aged memory-unimpaired rats. Other regions, including various cortical areas, were also examined and failed to reveal any significant differences between the three groups studied.It thus appears that IGF-I, IGF-II and insulin receptor sites are not markedly altered during the normal ageing process in the Long-Evans rat, in spite of significant learning deficits in a sub-group (memory-impaired) of aged animals. Hence

Iodine-125 orbital brachytherapy with a prosthetic implant in situ

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stannard, Clare [Groote Schuur Hospital and Cape Town Univ. (South Africa). Dept. of Radiation Oncology; Maree, Gert; Munro, Roger [Groote Schuur Hospital and Cape Town Univ. (South Africa). Dept. of Medical Physics; Lecuona, Karin [Groote Schuur Hospital and Cape Town Univ. (South Africa). Dept. of Ophthalmology; Sauerwein, Wolfgang [Universitaetsklinikum Essen (Germany). Strahlenklinik, NCTeam

2011-05-15

Purpose: Brachytherapy is one method of irradiating the orbit after enucleation of an eye with a malignant tumor that has a potential to recur. It consists of 6 trains of I-125 seeds placed around the periphery of the orbit, a shorter central train, and a metal disc, loaded with seeds, placed beneath the eyelids. The presence of a prosthetic orbital implant requires omission of the central train and adjustment of the activity of the seeds in the anterior orbit around the prosthesis. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective review of the technical modifications and outcome of 12 patients treated in this manner: 6 with retinoblastoma, 5 with malignant melanoma, and 1 with an intraocular rhabdomyosarcoma. The median dose was 35.5 Gy in 73 hours for retinoblastoma and 56 Gy in 141 hours for malignant melanoma. Patients with retinoblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma also received chemotherapy. Results: The tubes can be placed satisfactorily around the prosthesis. The increased activity in the anterior half of the tubes produced comparable dose distributions. There have been no orbital recurrences, no extrusion of the prosthesis, and cosmesis is good. Conclusion: Insertion of a prosthetic implant at the time of enucleation greatly enhances the subsequent cosmetic appearance. This should be encouraged unless there is frank tumor in the orbit. Orbital brachytherapy without the central train continues to give excellent local control. The short treatment time and good cosmesis are added advantages. The patient is spared the expense and inconvenience of removing and replacing the prosthetic implant. (orig.)

A comparative study of 19-iodocholesterol-''125I 3-acetate and Na''125I in liquid scintillation measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodriguez Barquero, L.; Grau Malonda, A.; Los Arcos Merino, J.M.; Grau Carles, A.

1994-01-01

A comparative study of performance of 19-iodocholesterol-''125I 3-acetate and sodium iodine samples labelled with ''125 I is presented for liquid scintillation counting measurements. Quench effect, count rate stability and spectral evolution of samples have been followed for several weeks in Toluene, Hisafe II, Instagel, Dioxane-naphthalene and Toluene-alcohol scintillators. Organic samples have negligible quench effect in the interval of I''-concentration of 0-90 ug and inorganic samples only show a very small variation, lower than 12%, for Dioxane-naphthalene, in the same range of concentration. Satisfactory stability is obtained in general for both, organic and inorganic samples, but small counting losses, 0.03% for 19-iodocholesterol-''125I 3-acetate samples in Toluene-alcohol and 0.04% for Na''125I samples in Dioxane-naphthalene and Toluene-alcohol, have been reported. (Author) 8 refs

Synthesis of I-125 labeled photoaffinity rapamycin analogs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shu, A.Y.L.; Yamashita, D.S.; Holt, D.A.; Heys, J.R.

1996-01-01

Two no-carrier-added 125 I-labelled photoaffinity rapamycin analogs were prepared: 7-demethoxy-7-(4-azido-3- 125 I-benzyloxy) rapamycin and its C 28 -C 29 seco analog. The key reactions of the synthesis were substitution of the C 7 methoxyl of rapamycin with 4-azido-3-tributylstannylbenzyloxy group, exchange of tributyltin with 125 I using Na 125 I and Chloramine-T, and a ZnCl 2 mediated retro-Aldol cleavage of the C 28 -C 29 bond of rapamycin. (author)

Is CA-125 an additional help to radiologic findings for differentiation borderline ovarian tumor from stage I carcinoma?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Eun Joo; Kim, See Hyung; Kim, Young Hwan; Lee, Hee Jung

2011-01-01

Background Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) are difficult to differentiate from stage I carcinoma using radiological findings. Little is known about the correlation between CA-125 levels and radiological findings for predicting BOTs or carcinoma. Purpose To assess the role of CA-125, in addition to that of radiological findings, in differentiating BOTs from stage I carcinoma. Material and Methods The study received institutional review board approval, with waiver of informed consent. We evaluated 100 patients (two groups: BOT, 58 patients; stage I carcinoma, 42 patients) using radiological findings, including location and size of each tumor, number and size of septations, papillary projections and vegetations, peritoneal implants, ascites, and preoperative CA-125 levels. The differences in CA-125 levels according to bilateral location, solid components, and thickness of septations between the two groups were evaluated using the McNemar test. Correlations of CA-125 level to size and number of septations were evaluated by the independent sample t test. Results No statistical correlation was found between CA-125 level and location, size, and number of septations between the two groups. Solid components within the tumors were similar in the two groups, but the CA-125 level was significantly higher in stage I carcinoma than in BOTs. The number of septations per tumor was similar in the two groups; thick septations were more frequent in stage I carcinoma than in BOTs, and a significantly higher titer of CA-125 was found in stage I carcinoma. Discriminant analysis of solid components and thickness of septations resulted in accurate diagnosis of 70.6% of the tumors (80.6% of BOTs and 69.7% of stage I carcinomas). Conclusion CA-125 levels for solid components and thickness of septations are lower in BOTs. These may be helpful in predicting the risk of carcinoma, even if BOTs cannot be conclusively differentiated from stage I carcinoma

Is Salvage of Recently Infected Breast Implant After Breast Augmentation or Reconstruction Possible? An Experimental Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Castus, P; Heymans, O; Melin, P; Renwart, L; Henrist, C; Hayton, E; Mordon, S; Leclère, F M

2018-04-01

The reinsertion of an infected implant when peri-prosthetic infection occurs early after breast augmentation or breast reconstruction remains controversial. In this experimental study, the authors tried to remove bacteria, and their biofilm, from the colonized surface of breast prostheses, without damaging their integrity. A total of 112 shell samples of silicone breast prostheses, smooth (SPSS) and textured (TPSS), were colonized by S. epidermidis (SE) or S. aureus (SA) strains, all able to produce biofilms. After 15 days, all the samples were removed from the contaminated culture broth and constituted 4 groups of 20 contaminated samples: SPSS/SE (group I), SPSS/SA (group II), TPSS/SE (group III), TPSS/SE (group IV). In another group-group SEM-, 16 colonized samples were used for documentation with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The remaining 16 samples were used to test the limits of detection of the sterility test. All samples of groups I-IV and 8 samples of group SEM were « washed » with a smooth brush in a povidone-iodine bath and rinsed with saline solution. A subset of the washed samples was sent for SEM and the others were immersed in sterile broth and were incubated at 35 °C for 3 weeks (groups I-IV). Fifteen days after contamination, all the samples in groups I-IV were colonized. In the SEM group, SEM images attested to the presence of bacteria in biofilm attached to the shells. After cleaning, SEM did not reveal any bacteria and there was no visible alteration in the outer structure of the shell. Sterility tests performed after decontamination in groups I-IV remained negative for all the samples. Breast prostheses recently contaminated with Staphylococci, frequently involved in peri-prosthetic breast implant infection and capable of producing biofilms, can be efficiently decontaminated by the procedure used in this study. Our decontamination procedure did not alter the surface structure of the prostheses. This decontamination procedure

Determination of radiochemical purity of 125I-TOC and 125I-F-PGA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang Keya; Fan Wo; Zhang Youjiu; Xu Yujie; Zhu Ran; Hu Mingjiang

2006-01-01

To explore whether there is accordance among three determination methods of the radiochemical purity of [Tyr 3 ] octreotide (TOC) and folate-penicillin G amidase conjugate (F-PGA), which are both labeled with 125 I by Iodogen method, the RCP of the labelings are determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), paper chromatography and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation, in which four different concentrations of proteins are used to investigate the effect of them on the determination of RCP. It is shown that both HPLC and paper chromatography can separate the labelings from free iodine efficiently, though HPLC is the most precise and reliable method to determinate RCP of such labelings. In TCA precipitation, the RCP measured with 0.2%BSA is the lowest, but those with three other concentrations of the BSA are similar (P>0.05). When RCP 0.05), whereas higher than that with HPLC (P 10%, the RCP of 125 I-TOC obtained by TCA precipitation is a bit lower than those by two other methods (P 0.05), and there are no significant differences to determinate the RCP of 125 I-F-PGA (P>0.05). The three methods are correlated each other (r=0.0996-0.999, P<0.001). (authors)

Activation of 125I-Factor IX and 125I-Factor X: Effect of tissue factor and Factor VII, Factor Xsub(a) and thrombin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oesterud, B.; Rapaport, S.I.

Activation of Factor IX and Factor X was studied by adding 125 I-Factor IX or 125 I-Factor X to reaction mixtures and quantitating cleavage products by reduced sodium dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis. Thrombin failed to activate Factors IX or X; Factor Xsub(a) produced insignificant amounts of cleavage products of both factors. In contrast, the reaction product of tissue factor and Factor VII cleaved large amounts of both Factor IX and Factor X in purified systems and in plasma. In incubation mixtures of plasma containing added 125 I-Factor IX or 125 I-Factor X, tissue factor and Ca 2+ ions, the percentage of total radioactivity in the heavy chain peak of 125 I-IXsub(a) and the heavy chain of 125 I-Xsub(a) increased at a similar rate. When the tissue factor was diluted, similar curves were obtained for percent cleavage of 125 I-Factor IX and percent cleavage of 125 I-Factor X plotted against tissue factor concentration. These findings support the hypothesis that activation of Factor IX by the tissue factor-Factor VII reaction product represents a physiologically significant step in normal haemostasis. (author)

Prospective evaluation of quality of life after permanent prostate brachytherapy with I-125: Importance of baseline symptoms and of prostate-V150

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vordermark, Dirk; Noe, Michael; Markert, Klaus; Wulf, Joern; Mueller, Gerd; Bratengeier, Klaus; Beckmann, Gabriele; Baier, Fabian; Guckenberger, Matthias; Schiefelbein, Frank; Schoen, Georg; Flentje, Michael; Baier, Kurt

2009-01-01

Background and purpose: Detailed knowledge of quality of life (QoL) after permanent I-125 brachytherapy may aid in counselling patients with early-stage prostate cancer. Materials and methods: Seventy-four consecutive patients with low-risk prostate cancer were asked to complete the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire with the prostate-specific PR25 module before implant, four weeks and one year after implant (response rates 97%, 88% and 89%, respectively). Implant characteristics were correlated with QoL scores. Results: Global QoL was stable from pre-treatment to one year after implant and similar to age-adjusted scores of healthy controls. Significant changes versus baseline in QLQ-C30 domains were worsened social function at four weeks, increased constipation at four weeks and at one year and improved emotional function at one year. PR25 urinary symptoms were significantly increased at four weeks and, despite some improvement, at one year; bowel symptoms were slightly increased. Both types of symptoms were most strongly related with pre-treatment symptom scores. Prostate-V150 was the only implant parameter significantly associated with both urinary and bowel symptoms at four weeks and one year. Conclusions: Limiting the high-dose subvolume in the prostate may be beneficial to reduce urinary and bowel symptoms but the major determinant of symptoms after I-125 implant is the baseline symptom level.

The effect of local control on metastatic dissemination in carcinoma of the prostate: Long-term results in patients treated with 125I implantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fuks, Z.; Leibel, S.A.; Wallner, K.E.; Begg, C.B.; Fair, W.R.; Anderson, L.L.; Hilaris, B.S.; Whitmore, W.F.

1991-01-01

The study evaluates the effect of the locally recurring tumor on the incidence of metastatic disease in early stage carcinoma of the prostate. The probability of distant metastases was studied in 679 patients with Stage B-C/N0 carcinoma of the prostate treated at MSKCC between 1970 and 1985 (median follow-up of 97 months). Patients were staged with pelvic lymph node dissection and treated with retropubic 125I implantation. The actuarial distant metastases free survival (DMFS) for patients at risk at 15 years after initial therapy was 37%. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis of covariates affecting the metastatic outcome showed that local failure, used in the model as a time dependent variable, was the most significant covariate, although stage, grade, and implant volume were also found to be independent variables. The relative risk of metastatic spread subsequent to local failure was 4-fold increased compared to the risk without evidence of local relapse. The 15-year actuarial DMFS in 351 patients with local control was 77% compared to 24% in 328 patients who developed local relapses (p less than 0.00001). The relation of distant spread to the local outcome was observed regardless of stage, grade, or implant dose. Even stage B1/N0-Grade I patient with local control showed a 15-year actuarial DMFS of 82%, compared to 22% in patients with local relapse (p less than 0.00001). The median local relapse-free survival (LRFS) in the 268 patients with local recurrences who did not receive hormonal therapy before distant metastases were detected was 51 months, compared to a median of 71 months for DMFS in the same patients (p less than 0.001), consistent with the possibility that distant dissemination may develop secondary to local failure

Beta-decay 125I → 125Te

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. A. Kurteva

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Beta-decay of the nucleus 125I and spectroscopic characteristics of the daughter nucleus are described within the framework of the dynamic collective model. Quasiparticle and multiphonon states, as well as vacuum fluctuations of quasiparticles are taken into account. The comparison of the results of calculations with the available experimental data is performed.

Effects of lysosomal inhibitors on 125I-insulin and 125I-asialofetuin degradation by the isolated, perfused rat liver and isolated rat hepatocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ward, W.F.; Moss, A.L.

1985-01-01

To further evaluate the role of the lysosomal system in insulin degradation, the authors have compared the effects of inhibitors of lysosomal function on the degradation of 125 I-insulin with 125 I-asialofetuin, a lysosomally targeted molecule, by the intact, perfused rat liver and the isolated rat hepatocyte. The inhibitors employed were chloroquine ( 125 microM), NH 4 Cl (10 mM), and leupeptin (50 micrograms/ml). In the intact, perfused liver the observed inhibition of 125 I-asialofetuin degradation at 30 min was as follows: chloroquine, 38%; NH 4 Cl, 32%; and leupeptin, 86%. Chloroquine also inhibited 125 I-insulin degradation in the intact, perfused liver (29%), but NH 4 Cl and leupeptin had no effect. Using the isolated hepatocyte, the observed values for inhibition of 125I-asialofetuin at 60 min were: chloroquine, 85%; NH 4 Cl, 76%; and leupeptin, 81%. Chloroquine produced a 28% inhibition of 125I-insulin degradation, while NH 4 Cl and leupeptin had no effect. Chloroquine and NH 4 Cl decreased cell-associated radioactivity when isolated hepatocytes were incubated with 125I-asialofetuin (leupeptin had no effect), whereas chloroquine caused a 107% increase in cell-associated radioactivity when 125I-insulin was added to the incubation media (NH 4 Cl and leupeptin had no effect). These results indicate that the effects of chloroquine on insulin degradation are an extralysosomal action and that lysosomes appear not to be involved in the physiologic degradation of the insulin molecule

Self-expandable stent loaded with {sup 125}I seeds: Feasibility and safety in a rabbit model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guo Jinhe [Department of Radiology, Zhong-Da Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009 (China); Teng Gaojun [Department of Radiology, Zhong-Da Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009 (China)]. E-mail: gjteng@vip.sina.com; Zhu Guangyu [Department of Radiology, Zhong-Da Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009 (China); He Shicheng [Department of Radiology, Zhong-Da Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009 (China); Deng Gang [Department of Radiology, Zhong-Da Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009 (China); He Jie [Department of Radiology, Zhong-Da Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009 (China)

2007-02-15

Objective: To evaluate technical feasibility and acute and subacute radiotolerance of a self-expandable stent loaded with {sup 125}I seeds in the rabbit esophagus. Methods: A self-expandable stent designed for esophageal application was made of 0.16 mm nitinol wire and loaded with {sup 125}I seeds (CIAE-6711). Twenty-seven stents with three different radioactive dosages (n = 9 in each dosage group) were implanted in the esophagus of healthy rabbits, while nine stents alone were used as controls. The stents were perorally deployed into the esophagus under fluoroscopic guidance. Radiological follow-up included plain chest film, CT scan, and barium esophagography which were undertaken in all rabbits of each group at 2, 4, and 8 weeks, respectively, which were correlated to histopathological findings. The stented esophageal segments along with their adjacent tissues were harvested for histopathological examinations. Results: The stent was successfully deployed into the targeted esophageal segment in all rabbits. Neither {sup 125}I seeds dislodged from the stent during the deployment, nor they did during the follow-up period. The greatest (16.2 Gy) absorbed dose was found in the tissue 10 mm from {sup 125}I seeds at 8 weeks. Slight epithelial hyperplasia on the stent surface and submucosal inflammatory process developed at 2 weeks, which reached the peak at 8 weeks after the procedure. Significant thickness of the esophageal muscular layer was found at 8 weeks only in the groups with {sup 125}I seeds. On radiologic follow-up, moderate strictures on both ends of the stents developed at 4 weeks and became severe at 8 weeks after the procedure in all groups. Conclusion: Deployment of a self-expandable stent loaded with {sup 125}I seeds is technically feasible and safe within the first 8 weeks. Acute and subacute radiotolerance of the treated esophagus and its adjacent tissues by {sup 125}I seeds is well preserved in a healthy rabbit model.

Synthesis and biologic studies of iodinated (125I/127I) ethidium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ho Nanhui; Tumeh, Paul C.; Kassis, Amin I.

2001-01-01

An iodinated ( 125 I/ 127 I) ethidium derivative (3,8-diamino-5-[6'-(p-iodobenzoylamino)-4'-azahexyl]-6 -phenylphenanthridinium chloride hydrochloride) was synthesized and characterized. The labeling yield of the 125 I-labeled derivative was 75% for carrier-free 125 I, with a radiochemical purity of 95%. The incubation of iodoethidium with calf thymus DNA resulted in a substantial enhancement of fluorescence yield, indicating the intercalation of this compound into DNA. In the presence of iodoethidium, the nuclei of methanol-treated mammalian cells fluoresced, while those of viable cells did not (since the plasma membrane is impermeable to iodoethidium). When viable cells were incubated with the reduced form of the derivative, 125 I/ 127 I-dihydroethidium traversed the plasma membrane, was oxidized in the cytoplasm, and intercalated into nuclear DNA. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that larger malignant solid tumors, containing a relatively greater percentage of degenerating permeable cells, can be targeted with 125 I-ethidium. In-vivo studies demonstrated a small but positive correlation (R = 0.72) between tumor volume and the uptake of the derivative. Because of the ubiquitous presence of abnormal permeable cells and necrosis in tumors, our results support the belief that radiolabeled DNA-intercalating or DNA-binding molecules may be of diagnostic and therapeutic value for a variety of solid tumors in humans

Long term results of ultrasonically guided implantation of 125-I seeds combined with external irradiation in localized prostatic cancer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Iversen, P; Rasmussen, F; Holm, H H [Depts. of Urology and Ultrasound, Herlev Hospital, Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark)

1991-01-01

Transperineal 125-iodine seed implantation guided by transrectal ultrasonography and subsequent external beam irradiation was employed in the treatment of 32 patients with localized prostatic carcinoma (16 poorly differentiated). Follow-up is currently 35-98 months with a median of 65 months. Distant metastases have developed in 18 patients, of whom 11 have died from prostatic cancer. Median change in prostatic volume was a reduction of 35%. Re-biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate was performed in 25 patients after 1-4 years, revealing still malignant histology in 10 (40%), of whom 8 have developed distant metastases or died from prostatic cancer. Fourteen patients suffered from late complications of which surgical intervention was indicated in five cases. Nine patients are presently free of progression and prostate specific antigen is bigger than 0.5 ng/ml in 8 of these. The future role of ultrasonically guided implantation in the management of prostatic cancer is discussed. (au).

The contamination on farm products from 125I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Wenhu; Xu Shiming; Hou Lanxin

1990-02-01

The 125 I contamination on 15 farm products have been investigated. The effects of 12 farm crops (wheat, bean, eggplants and other vegetables) contaminated by 125 I during the growing stage on their fruits and seeds have been studied. The results show that the 125 I radioactive substance is mainly concentrated on the fruit surface, and the radioactivity rapidly decreased towards its kernel. The fruits and seeds would not be contaminated when plants were contaminated in the seedling stage

Comparison of CT- and radiograph-based post-implant dosimetry for transperineal 125I prostate brachytherapy using single seeds and a commercial treatment-planning software

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siebert, F.A.; Kohr, P.; Kovacs, G.

2006-01-01

Background and purpose: the objective of this investigation was a direct comparison of the dosimetry of CT-based and radiograph-based postplanning procedures for seed implants. Patients and methods: CT- and radiograph-based postplans were carried out for eight iodine-125 ( 125 I) seed implant patients with a commercial treatment-planning system (TPS). To assess a direct comparison of the dosimetric indices (D90, V100, V400), the radiograph-based seed coordinates were transformed to the coordinate system of the CT postplan. Afterwards, the CT-based seed positions were replaced by the radiograph-based coordinates in the TPS and the dose distribution was recalculated. Results: the computations demonstrated that the radiograph-based dosimetric values for the prostate (D p 90, V p 100, and V p 400) were on average lower than the values of the CT postplan. Normalized to the CT postplan the following mean values were found: D p 90: 90.6% (standard deviation [SD]: 9.0%), V p 100: 86.1% (SD: 14.7%), and V p 400: 79.4% (SD: 14.4%). For three out of the eight patients the D p 90 decreased to 90% of the initial CT postplan values. The reason for this dosimetric difference is supposed to be evoked by an error of the reconstruction software used. It was detected that the TPS algorithm assigned some sources to wrong coordinates, partly out of the prostate gland. Conclusion: the radiograph-based postplanning technique of the investigated TPS should only be used in combination with CT postplanning. Furthermore, complex testing procedures of reconstruction algorithms are recommended to minimize calculation errors. (orig.)

The incidence of radioepidermitis and the dose-response relationship in parotid gland cancer patients treated with 125I seed brachytherapy. Incidence of radioepidermitis and the dose-response relationship

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mao, Ming-Hui; Zheng, Lei; Gao, Hong; Zhang, Jie; Liu, Shu-ming; Huang, Ming-wei; Shi, Yan [Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing (China); Zhang, Jian-Guo [Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing (China); Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian (China)

2014-09-09

We studied the incidence and dose-response relationship of radioepidermitis in parotid gland carcinoma patients treated with [{sup 125}I] seed brachytherapy in the hopes of designing an optimized pre-implant treatment plan that would reduce the incidence and severity of radioepidermitis in patients receiving this therapy. Between January 2007 and May 2010, 100 parotid gland cancer patients were treated postoperatively with [{sup 125}I] seed brachytherapy. The matched peripheral dose (MPD) was 80-140 Gy, and [{sup 125}I] seed activity was 0.7-0.8 mCi. The mean dose delivered to the skin was calculated in the post-implant CT on day 0 following implantation. Grades of acute and late dermatitis were evaluated at 2, 6, 12, and 18 months post-implantation. Most patients experienced grade 0-2 acute and late skin side effects (86 and 97 %, respectively), though a small subset developed severe complications. Most grade 1-3 effects resolved within 6 months of implantation, though some grade 1-3 effects and all grade 4 effects remained unchanged throughout the 18-month follow-up period. Grade 3 and 4 effects were most prominent (75 and 25 %, respectively) with doses of 110-140 Gy; doses higher than 140 Gy produced only grade 4 effects. [{sup 125}I] seed brachytherapy produced acceptable levels of acute and late radioepidermitis with a good clinical outcome. A mean dose under 100 Gy delivered to the skin was safe, though doses of 110-140 Gy should be given with caution and extra monitoring; doses greater than 140 Gy are dangerous and likely to produce grade 4-5 effects. (orig.) [German] Wir untersuchten die Inzidenz und die Dosis-Wirkung-Beziehung bei Patienten mit Ohrspeicheldruesenkrebs, die mit [{sup 125}I]-Seed-Brachytherapie behandelt wurden, in der Hoffnung, eine optimierte praeimplantologische Behandlung zu entwickeln, welche die Inzidenz und Schwere der Radioepidermitis bei Patienten, die diese Therapie erhalten haben, reduziert. Zwischen Januar 2007 und Mai 2010

[{sup 125}I]{beta}-CIT-FE and [{sup 125}I]{beta}-CIT-FP are superior to [{sup 125}I]{beta}-CIT for dopamine transporter visualization: Autoradiographic evaluation in the human brain

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guenther, Ilonka; Hall, Haakan; Halldin, Christer; Swahn, Carl-Gunnar; Farde, Lars; Sedvall, Goeran

1997-10-01

The binding of the three dopamine transporter radioligands ([{sup 125}I]{beta}-CIT, [{sup 125}I]{beta}-CIT-FE, and [{sup 125}I]{beta}-CIT-FP) was studied using whole-hemisphere autoradiography on postmortem human brains. The autoradiograms revealed an intense and homogeneous labeling of the nucleus caudatus and putamen but also to varying extent to serotonergic and noradrenergic transporters of neocortex and thalamus. The order of specificity estimated (striatum over neocortex ratios) was {beta}-CIT-FP > {beta}-CIT-FE >> {beta}-CIT, suggesting that {beta}-CIT-FE and {beta}-CIT-FP should be preferred for in vivo studies of the dopamine transporter in the human brain.

Preclinical pharmacological study on 125 I-IPPA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu Chunying; Ji Shuren; Fang Ping; Zhou Xiang; He Yongjun; Cao Guoxian

1999-01-01

Myocardial uptake of 125 I-IPPA in rats showed a peak of 4.4% of injected dose per gram. The half elimination time of myocardium was 3.8 min and the maximal uptake of thyroid is only 0.005%ID/organ at 120 min. The initial half time of 2.7 min in rabbits was obtained from the elimination curve of radioactivity in blood. In vitro binding test for 125 I-IPPA to HSA showed rather constant level of activation during tow hours. The second peak of extraction was observed in major organs of rats, in rabbits' elimination of radioactivity and in binding test for 125 I-IPPA to albumin in vivo. Toxicity trial was up to standard. The tolerance of a mouse to IPPA was 560 times as high as that of a person to IPPA. It demonstrated that 125 I-IPPA could be quickly extracted by myocardium, and its catabolite were excreted in the urine with almost no iodine loss. All the results were found to agree with the expectations based on the principal metabolic path of phenyl fatty acid

[125I]Iodopride

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Janowsky, A.; Ebert, M.H.; De Paulis, T.; Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN; Kessler, R.M.; Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN; Clanton, J.A.; Smith, H.E.

1988-01-01

Substituted benzamides are currently among the most selective antagonists at dopamine D-2 receptors, and high affinity ligands have been developed by substituting halogens into the aromatic ring of the benzamides. The authors report the high affinity, stereoselective, reversible, and sodium dependent binding of a new iodine-substituted benzamide, called [ 125 I]iodopride, to a membrane preparation from rat corpus striatum. 5 refs.; 1 figure

Patterns of failure after iodine-125 seed implantation for prostate cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lamb, David S.; Greig, Lynne; Russell, Grant L.; Nacey, John N.; Broome, Kim; Studd, Rod; Delahunt, Brett; Iupati, Douglas; Jain, Mohua; Rooney, Colin; Murray, Judy; Lamb, Peter J.; Bethwaite, Peter B.

2014-01-01

Purpose: To determine the site of relapse when biochemical failure (BF) occurs after iodine-125 seed implantation for prostate cancer. Materials and methods: From 2001–2009, 500 men underwent implantation in Wellington, New Zealand. Men who sustained BF were placed on relapse guidelines that delayed restaging and intervention until the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was ⩾20 ng/mL. Results: Most implants (86%) had a prostate D90 of ⩾90%, and multivariate analysis showed that this parameter was not a variable that affected the risk of BF. Of 21 BFs that occurred, the site of failure was discovered to be local in one case and distant in nine cases. Restaging failed to identify the site of relapse in two cases. In nine cases the trigger for restaging had not been reached. Conclusions: If post-implant dosimetry is generally within the optimal range, distant rather than local failure appears to be the main cause of BF. Hormone treatment is therefore the most commonly indicated secondary treatment intervention (STI). Delaying the start of STI prevents the unnecessary treatment of men who undergo PSA ‘bounce’ and have PSA dynamics initially mimicking those of BF

Optimal timing of salvage radiotherapy for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy: is ultra-early salvage radiotherapy beneficial?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taguchi, Satoru; Shiraishi, Kenshiro; Fukuhara, Hiroshi; Nakagawa, Keiichi; Morikawa, Teppei; Naito, Akihiro; Kakutani, Shigenori; Takeshima, Yuta; Miyazaki, Hideyo; Nakagawa, Tohru; Fujimura, Tetsuya; Kume, Haruki; Homma, Yukio

2016-01-01

The optimal timing of salvage radiotherapy for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy is controversial. In particular, the prognostic significance of salvage radiotherapy delivered before a current definition of biochemical recurrence, i.e. ultra-early salvage radiotherapy, is unclear. We reviewed 76 patients with pT2-3N0M0 prostate cancer who underwent salvage radiotherapy for post-prostatectomy biochemical recurrence at the following three timings: ultra-early salvage radiotherapy (n = 20) delivered before meeting a current definition of biochemical recurrence (two consecutive prostate-specific antigen [PSA] values ≥0.2 ng/mL); early salvage radiotherapy (n = 40) delivered after meeting the definition but before PSA reached 0.5 ng/mL; and delayed salvage radiotherapy (n = 16) delivered after PSA reached 0.5 ng/mL. The primary endpoint was failure of salvage radiotherapy, defined as a PSA value ≥0.2 ng/mL. The log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model were used for univariate and multivariate analyses, respectively. During the follow-up period (median: 70 months), four of 20 (20 %), nine of 40 (23 %) and seven of 16 (44 %) patients failed biochemically in the ultra-early, early and delayed salvage radiotherapy groups, respectively. On univariate analyses, the outcome of delayed salvage radiotherapy was worse than the others, while there was no significant difference between ultra-early and early groups. Multivariate analysis demonstrated the presence of Gleason pattern 5, perineural invasion and delayed salvage radiotherapy as independent predictors of poorer survival. No survival benefit of ultra-early salvage radiotherapy was demonstrated, whereas delayed salvage radiotherapy was associated with worse outcome as reported in previous studies. Our results may support the current recommendations that salvage radiotherapy should be undertaken after two consecutive PSA values ≥0.2 ng/mL and before reaching 0.5 ng/mL

The effects of metallic implants on electroporation therapies: feasibility of irreversible electroporation for brachytherapy salvage.

Science.gov (United States)

Neal, Robert E; Smith, Ryan L; Kavnoudias, Helen; Rosenfeldt, Franklin; Ou, Ruchong; Mclean, Catriona A; Davalos, Rafael V; Thomson, Kenneth R

2013-12-01

Electroporation-based therapies deliver brief electric pulses into a targeted volume to destabilize cellular membranes. Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (IRE) provides focal ablation with effects dependent on the electric field distribution, which changes in heterogeneous environments. It should be determined if highly conductive metallic implants in targeted regions, such as radiotherapy brachytherapy seeds in prostate tissue, will alter treatment outcomes. Theoretical and experimental models determine the impact of prostate brachytherapy seeds on IRE treatments. This study delivered IRE pulses in nonanimal, as well as in ex vivo and in vivo tissue, with and in the absence of expired radiotherapy seeds. Electrical current was measured and lesion dimensions were examined macroscopically and with magnetic resonance imaging. Finite-element treatment simulations predicted the effects of brachytherapy seeds in the targeted region on electrical current, electric field, and temperature distributions. There was no significant difference in electrical behavior in tissue containing a grid of expired radiotherapy seeds relative to those without seeds for nonanimal, ex vivo, and in vivo experiments (all p > 0.1). Numerical simulations predict no significant alteration of electric field or thermal effects (all p > 0.1). Histology showed cellular necrosis in the region near the electrodes and seeds within the ablation region; however, there were no seeds beyond the ablation margins. This study suggests that electroporation therapies can be implemented in regions containing small metallic implants without significant changes to electrical and thermal effects relative to use in tissue without the implants. This supports the ability to use IRE as a salvage therapy option for brachytherapy.

125I-β-CIT biodistribution study in animals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hu Ping

2000-01-01

The purpose is to study the preparation and biodistribution in animal of dopamine transporter imaging agent 125 I-β-CIT. β-CIT was 125 I radioiodinated with Iodogen method, the dynamic distribution of 125 I-β-CIT in brain and critical organs were studied with SD rat (autoradiography) and NIH mice respectively. The radiolabelling yield of 125 I-β-CIT was 84%, the radiochemical purity was better than 98%. Blood clearance could be explained by two-compartment model with a duration of 12h, (α = 3.87, T 1/2α = 0.179, β = 0.162, T 1/2β = 4.276) and three-compartment model in 24 h, (Pi = 5.28, T 1/2Pi = 0.131, α = 0.403, T 1/2α = 1.719, β 0.040, T 1/2β = 17.298). The maxim uptake rate of brain (9.1% +- 1.0%) was reaches at 1h, while at 24h, the target/noise ratio was higher . Critical organs liver, lung, spleen and kidney had high uptake rate [(9.88 +- 1.43) - (16.29 +- 1.72)], except liver, other organs showed quick clearance (T 1/2 125 I-β-CIT has a high striatum uptake and good stability in vivo, can provide good SPECT images, the best acquisition time of SPECT may be about 20h after i.v

Retention of albumin labelled with I-125 in the bio mineral hydroxyapatite; Retencion de albumina marcada con I-125 en el biomineral hidroxiapatita

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Badillo A, V.E.; Bugarin C, A. [UAZ, Cipres 10, Fracc. La Penuela, 98068 Zacatecas (Mexico); Monroy G, F. [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)

2003-07-01

The demands of materials for the health in the entire world, especially of the odontological and traumatological sectors make every time to be but studied the hydroxyapatite (HAP) and their biocompatibility with the alive beings. The hydroxyapatite is considered as one of the inorganic exchangers by excellence, for what the fixation of ions and molecules have been widely studied and at the moment it is one of the materials of greater acceptance like implant. The surface of the material of implant is in intimate contact with the live tissue and its biocompatibility is determined in great measure by those surface properties of the bio material, which have a direct effect in the cellular response of the material. After administering the implant, the proteins are immediately adsorbed in the surface of the bio mineral. Specifically, the proteins of the blood are considered as key pieces to determine the acceptance of implants in alive beings. The adsorption of proteins it depends on the physicochemical properties of the material as well as of the environment composition. The surface properties of the HAP are relevant in the adsorption mechanisms of the proteins. In this work, it is reported the adsorption of the labelled with I-125 albumin protein and in function of two important physicochemical parameters: the pH value of the of the solution and the chemical nature of the solution; to see the influence of this last, its were studied three electrolytes NaF, NaCl and NaH{sub 2}PO{sub 4}. The existence of the active sites of hydroxyapatite surface, it is key piece in the interpretation of the fixation of the albumin protein in function also of their acid-base properties. (Author)

In Vivo Thyroid 125I Monitoring with Radioluminography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nishizawa, K.; Saze, T.; Yamashita, H.; Etoh, M.

1999-01-01

The counting features of an in vivo thyroid monitoring system with an imaging plate (IP) were investigated by using an anthropomorphic thyroid-neck phantom. The realistic thyroid phantoms loaded with 125 I solution were embedded in a neck phantom. The IP was fixed on the neck phantom and exposed to 125 I photons emitted from the thyroid phantom by changing the pre-thyroid tissue thickness at the front of the thyroid. A clear thyroid image was obtained at short tissue thicknesses. A region of interest (ROI) was set so that the ROI contained the thyroid image. The count within the ROI was regarded as the number of 125 I photons detected by the IP. The IP counting efficiency was about 0.6% at maximum. Monitoring with IP has the advantage of allowing the worker to move freely during the monitoring period by wearing the IP on his neck. Radioluminography with IP has shown itself to be useful when monitoring thyroid 125 I. (author)

Differential binding of 125I-IGF-I preparations to human fibroblast monolayers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Conover, C.A.; Misra, P.; Hintz, R.L.; Rosenfeld, R.G.

1988-01-01

Specific, high affinity binding of 125 I-IGF-I to the type IIGF receptor on human fibroblast monolyaers was not altered by varying feeding schedules, serum lots, washing procedures, or incubation times and temperatures. However, markedly different competitive binding curves were obtained when different iodinated IGF-I preparations were used. Five of six radioligands bound preferentially to the type IIGF receptor on human fibroblast monolayers, with 50% displacement at 4-8 μg/l unlabelled IGF-I; with one radioligand a paradoxical 20-200% increase in 125 I-IGF-I binding was observed at low concentrations of unlabelled IGF-I, while concentrations as high as 100 μg/l IGF-I failed to displace this radioligand. The latter binding pattern cannot be accounted for by 125 -I-IGF-I binding to the type II IGF receptor. These data indicate that various radioligands may have preferential affinities for different IGF-I binding sites on human fibroblast monolayers. (author)

DNA strand breakage by 125I-decay in oligoDNA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lobachevsky, P.; Martin, R.F.

1996-01-01

Full text: A double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide containing 125 I-dC in a defined location, with 5'- or 3'- 32 P-end-labelling of either strand, was used to investigate DNA strand breakage resulting from 125 I decay. Samples of the 32 P-end-labelled and 125 I-dC containing oligoDNA were incubated in 20 mM phosphate buffer (PB), or PB + 2 M dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) at 4 deg during 18-20 days. The 32 P-end-labelled DNA fragments produced by 125 I decays were separated on denaturing polyacrylamide gels, and the 3P activity in each fragment was determined by scintillation counting after elution from the gel. The fragment size distribution was then converted to a distribution of single stranded break probabilities at each nucleotide position. The results indicate that each 125 I decay event produces at least one break in the 125 I-dC containing strand, and causes breakage of the opposite strand in 75-80% of events. Thus, the double stranded break is produced by 125 I decay with probability ∼0.8. Most of single stranded breaks (around 90%) occurred within 5-6 nucleotides of the 125 I-dC, however DNA breaks were detected up to 18-20 nucleotides from the decay site. The average numbers of single stranded breaks per decay are 3.7 (PB) and 3.3 (PB+DMSO) in 125 I-dC containing strand, and 1.5 (PB) and 1.3 (PB+DMSO) in the opposite strand. Deconvolution of strand break probabilities as a function of separation from the 125 I, in terms of both distance (to target deoxyribosyl carbon atoms, in B-DNA) and nucleotide number, show that the latter is an important parameter for the shorter-range damage. This could indicate a role for attenuation/dissipation of damage through the stacked bases. In summary, the results represent a much more extensive set of data than available from earlier experiments on DNA breakage from l25 I-decay, and may provide new mechanistic insights

An improved synthesis of [125I]N-(diethylaminoethyl)-4-iodobenzamide: a potential ligand for imaging malignant melanoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

John, C.S.; Reba, R.C.; Varma, V.M.; McAfee, J.G.; Saga, T.; Kinuya, S.; Le, N.; Jeong, J.M.; Paik, C.H.

1993-01-01

To improve the radiolabeling yield and the specific activity of [ 125 I]N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-4-iodobenzamide(DAB), the aryltributyltin precursor was synthesized from the N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-4-bromobenzamide derivative by palladium catalyzed stannylation using bis(tributyltin). The radiolabeled product, [ 125 I]DAB, was obtained by an iododestannylation reaction in high radiochemical yields (85-94%, radiochemical purity, > 98%) using chloramine-T as an oxidizing agent. The specific activity was greater than 1600 Ci/mmol. The biodistribution studies in nude mice implanted with human malignant melanoma xenograft showed a good tumor uptake (6.14% ID/g at 1 h, 2.81% ID/g at 6 h and 0.42% ID/g at 24 h) of [ 125 I]DAB. Unfortunately, a high uptake in the non-target organs, such as liver and lung was found. At 1 h post-injection the activity level in liver and lung was 11.76 and 7.58% ID/g, respectively. A slow clearance of activity from liver and lung was observed at 6 h (3.43 and 0.49% ID/g). These results demonstrate that iodinated IDAB is a potential radiopharmaceutical for the management of patients with malignant melanoma. (Author)

Development of procedure using plasma welding process to produce 125I seeds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feher, Anselmo

2006-01-01

The prostate cancer, which is the second cause of death by cancer in men, overcome only by lung cancer, is a problem of public health in Brazil. Brachytherapy is among the possible available treatments for prostate cancer, in which small seeds containing 125 I radioisotope are implanted in the prostate. The seed consists of a titanium sealed capsule with 0.8 mm external diameter and 4.5 mm length, containing a central silver wire with adsorbed 125 I. The plasma arc welding is one of the viable techniques for the sealing process. The equipment used in this technique is less costly than in other processes. The main objective of this work was the development and the validation of the welding procedure using plasma welding process and the elaboration of a sealing routine according to Good Manufacturing Practices. The development of this work has presented the following phases: cut and cleaning of the titanium material, determination of the welding parameters, development of a device for holding the titanium tube during the welding process, validation of sealed sources according to ISO 2919 Sealed Radioactive Sources - General Requirements and Classification, leakage test according to ISO 9978 Sealed Radioactive Sources - Leakage Test Methods and metallographic assays. The developed procedure, to seal 125 I seeds using plasma welding process, has shown to be efficient, satisfying all the established requirements of ISO 2919. The results obtained in this work have given the possibility to establish a routine production process according to the orientations presented in resolution RDC number 59 - Good Manufacturing Practices do Medical Products of the ANVISA - Brazilian Nacional Agency of Sanitary Surveillance. (author)

Synthesis of the 123I- and 125I-labeled cholinergic nerve marker (-)-5-iodobenzovesamicol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Van Dort, M.E.; Jung, Y.-W.; Gildersleeve, D.L.; Hagen, C.A.; Kuhl, D.E.; Wieland, D.M.

1993-01-01

The highly toxic curaremimetic and cholinergic neuron marker (-)-5-iodobenzovesamicol (IBVM) has been labeled with iodine-125 and iodine-123. [ 125 I]IBVM, suitable for animal distribution and ex vivo autoradiographic studies, was synthesized by solid-state exchanger; isolated yields were 65-89% with specific activities in the range of 130-200 Ci/mmol. The synthesis of no-carrier-added (-)-5-[ 125 I]IBVM from the corresponding chiral (-)-5-(tri-n-butyltin) derivative using Na 125 I was evaluated using the oxidants H 2 O 2 , peracetic acid and chloramine-T. Both peracetic acid and chloramine-T gave good yields (70-95%). However, when Na 123 I was utilized, acceptable yields of [ 123 I]IBVM were obtained only with chloramine-T. Distribution analyses of [ 125 I]IBVM and [ 123 I]IBVM in mice 4 h following intravenous administration show essentially equivalent concentrations of the two tracers in the four brain regions sampled. The exceptionally high specific activity of [ 123 I]IBVM has made possible the evaluation of this radiotracer in humans. (Author)

A comparative study of 19-iodo cholesterol-125I 3-acetate and Na 125I in liquid scintillation measurements; Estudio comparativo del acetato de 19-iodocolesterol- -125I con Nal25I en medidas por centelleo liquido

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rodriguez Barquero, L.; Grau Malonda, A.; Los Arcos Merino, J. M.; Grau Carles, A.

1994-07-01

A comparative study of performance of 19-iodo cholesterol {sup 1}25I 3-acetate and sodium iodide samples labeled with 125I is presented for liquid scintillation counting measurements. Quench effect, count rate stability and spectral evolution of samples have been followed for several weeks in Toluene, Hisafe II, Instagel, Dioxane-naphthalene and Toluene-alcohol scintillators. Organic samples have negligible quench effect in the interval of I concentration of 0-90 {mu}g and inorganic samples only show a very small variation, lower than 12%, for Dioxane-naphthalene, in the same range of concentration. Satisfactory stability is obtained in general for both, organic and inorganic samples, but small counting losses, 0.03% for 19-iodocholesterol 1 I 3-acetate samples in Tolue ne-alcohol and 0 .04% for Na 125I samples in Dioxane-naphthalene and Toluene-alcohol, have been reported. (Author) 8 refs.

Development of procedure using plasma welding process to produce {sup 125}I seeds; Desenvolvimento de procedimento utilizando processo de soldagem plasma para confeccao de sementes de {sup 125}I

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Feher, Anselmo

2006-07-01

The prostate cancer, which is the second cause of death by cancer in men, overcome only by lung cancer, is a problem of public health in Brazil. Brachytherapy is among the possible available treatments for prostate cancer, in which small seeds containing {sup 125}I radioisotope are implanted in the prostate. The seed consists of a titanium sealed capsule with 0.8 mm external diameter and 4.5 mm length, containing a central silver wire with adsorbed {sup 125}I. The plasma arc welding is one of the viable techniques for the sealing process. The equipment used in this technique is less costly than in other processes. The main objective of this work was the development and the validation of the welding procedure using plasma welding process and the elaboration of a sealing routine according to Good Manufacturing Practices. The development of this work has presented the following phases: cut and cleaning of the titanium material, determination of the welding parameters, development of a device for holding the titanium tube during the welding process, validation of sealed sources according to ISO 2919 Sealed Radioactive Sources - General Requirements and Classification, leakage test according to ISO 9978 Sealed Radioactive Sources - Leakage Test Methods and metallographic assays. The developed procedure, to seal {sup 125}I seeds using plasma welding process, has shown to be efficient, satisfying all the established requirements of ISO 2919. The results obtained in this work have given the possibility to establish a routine production process according to the orientations presented in resolution RDC number 59 - Good Manufacturing Practices do Medical Products of the ANVISA - Brazilian Nacional Agency of Sanitary Surveillance. (author)

Fragmentation of Nimotuzumab for Preparation of 125I-F(ab’)2-Nimotuzumab as a Precursor for Preparing 125I-F(ab’)2-Nimotuzumab-NLS Radiopharmaceutical for Cancer Therapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haryuni, R.D.; Bahtiar, A.; Soenarjo, S.; Harahap, Y.; Mutalib, A.; Ramli, M.; Hermanto, S.; Ardiyatno, C.N.; Susilo, V.Y.; Haffid, D.

2014-01-01

Nimotuzumab is an anticancer agent which belongs to the inhibitor group of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). This monoclonal antibody has a relatively high molecular weight which slows penetration on tumor cells, making it less attractive in imaging kinetics and potentially elicits antibodies responses. Therefore, in this study nimotuzumab was fragmented to form a bivalent antibody [F(ab’) 2 ] and then labeled with 125 I to form 125 I-F(ab’) 2 -nimotuzumab which can be used further as a precursor for preparing 125 I-F(ab’) 2 -nimotuzumab-NLS (NLS = nuclear localization sequence) radiopharmaceutical for radioimmunotherapy. The aims of this study was to obtain characteristics of 125 I-F(ab’) 2 -nimotuzumab by comparing with the 125 I labeled-intact nimotuzumab ( 125 I-nimotuzumab). This study was initiated by purifying nimotuzumab by mean of dialysis. The purified nimotuzumab was then fragmented by using pepsin. The F(ab') 2 -nimotuzumab formed was then purified from its by-products which formed in fragmentation process by using a PD-10 column (consisted Sephadex G25). The intact nimotuzumab and its F(ab’)2 fragment were then labeled with the 125 I to form 125 I-nimotuzumab and 125 I-F(ab’) 2 -nimotuzumab. The radiochemical purity are 98.27 % and 93.24 %, respectively. Stability test results show that, both 125 I-nimotuzumab and 125 I-F(ab’) 2 -nimotuzumab are more stable at 4 °C than at room temperature storage and 37 °C. (author)

Computerized dosimetry of I-125 sources model 6711

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Isturiz, J.

2001-01-01

It tries on: physical presentation of the sources; radiation protection; mathematical model of I-125 source model 6711; data considered for the calculation program; experimental com probation of the dose distribution; exposure rate and apparent activity; techniques of the use given to the sources I-125; and the calculation planning systems [es

Iodine-125 thin seeds decrease prostate swelling during transperineal interstitial permanent prostate brachytherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beydoun, Nadine; Bucci, Joseph A.; Chin, Yaw S.; Malouf, David

2014-01-01

Prostate swelling following seed implantation is a well-recognised phenomenon. The purpose of this intervention was to assess whether using thinner seeds reduces post-implant swelling with permanent prostate brachytherapy. Eighteen consecutive patients eligible for prostate seed brachytherapy underwent seed implantation using iodine-125 (I-125) thin seeds. Operative time, dosimetry, prostate swelling and toxicity were assessed and compared with standard I-125 stranded seed controls, sourced from the department's brachytherapy database. A learning curve was noted with the thin seeds in terms of greater bending and deviation of needles from their intended path. This translated into significantly longer total operative time (88 vs 103 minutes; P=0.009, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.1-24.3) and time per needle insertion (2.6 vs 3.7 minutes; P<0.001, 95% CI 0.5-1.3) for the thin seeds. Day 30 prostate volumes were significantly smaller in the thin seed group compared with standard seeds (40.9cc vs 46.8cc; P=0.001, 95% CI 1.5-5.6). The ratio of preoperative transrectal ultrasound to day 30 post-implant CT volume was also smaller in the thin seed group (1.2±0.1 for standard seeds vs 1.1±0.1 for thin seeds). Post-implant dosimetric parameters were comparable for both groups. No significant differences were seen in acute urinary morbidity or quality of life between the two groups. I-125 thin seeds are associated with an initial learning curve, with longer operative time, even for experienced brachytherapists. The significant reduction in day 30 prostate volumes with the thin seeds has useful implications in terms of optimising dose coverage to the prostate in the early period post-implantation, as well as improving the accuracy of post-implant dosimetric assessments.

Use of (3H) and (125I) tracers in steroid radioimmunoassays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jeffcoate, S.L.

1975-01-01

The comparative use of 3 H and 125 I tracers in steroid radioimmunoassays will be discussed around the following points: - 3 H. Advantages: they can be purchased commercially and have a long shelf-life. Disadvantages: they may have reduced affinity for antibodies due to ''isotope effects''; the counting of β-emitters is more expensive and difficult; 3 H tracers are not available for all steroids. - 125 I. Advantages: gamma-counting is cheaper, simpler and more precise; 125 I tracers may have higher affinity for antibodies than unlabelled steroids; 125 I can be used to label any steroid. Disadvantages: 125 I tracers have a limited shelf-life (n.b. six months for 125 I histamine tracers). The high affinity of some tracers will be a big disadvantage if the unlabelled steroid cannot compete effectively

Application of 125I in micropipettor check

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Qian Xiaoyu; Gao Yunchao; Yang Yadong; Lu Hankui

2006-01-01

Gravimetric test is one of authoritative methods for the measurement and validation of the accuracy and precision of micropipettors. The feasibility of radioactive measurement in the check of micropipettors is studied. There are no significant difference in radioactive count rates of 125 I aspirated between 2 qualified micropipettors, but significant difference are recorded between qualified and unqualified micropipettors. So 125 I radiometry agrees with gravimetric tests, and can be used as a laboratory constant test of micropipettors. (authors)

Quality asurance of iodinated (125 I) human fibrinogen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vines, E.J.

1980-05-01

The radiopharmaceutical iodinated ( 125 I) human fibrinogen is currently used for the detection of deep vein thrombosis in the legs, a fairly common post-surgical complication. A comprehensive quality assurance programme for ( 125 I) - human fibrinogen has been determined for routine use at the Australian Radiation Laboratory, with adaptions necessary for hospital quality control testing

Fragmentation of Nimotuzumab for Preparation of 125I-F(ab’2-Nimotuzumab as a Precursor for Preparing 125I-F(ab’2-Nimotuzumab-NLS Radiopharmaceutical for Cancer Therapy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R.D. Haryuni

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Nimotuzumab is an anticancer agent which belongs to the inhibitor group of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR. This monoclonal antibody has a relatively high molecular weight which makes slow penetration on tumor cell, as concequence, it is less attractive in imaging kinetics, and potentially elicits antibodies respons. Therefore in this study nimotuzumab was fragmented to form bivalent antibody [F(ab’2] and then labeled with 125I to form 125I-F(ab’2-nimotuzumab which can be used further as a precursor for preparing 125I-F(ab’2-nimotuzumab-NLS (NLS = nuclear localizing sequences radiopharmaceutical for radioimmunotherapy. The aims of this study were to obtain characteristics of 125I-F(ab’2-nimotuzumab by comparing with the 125I labeled-intact nimotuzumab (125I-nimotuzumab. This study was initiated by purifying nimotuzumab by mean of dialysis. The purified nimotuzumab was then fragmented by using pepsin. The F(ab'2-nimotuzumab formed was then purified from its by-products which formed in fragmentation process by using a PD-10 column (consisted Sephadex G25. The intact nimotuzumab and its F(ab’2 fragment were then labeled with the 125I to form 125I-nimotuzumab and 125I-F(ab’2-nimotuzumab. The radiochemical purity are 98.27 % and 93.24 % ,respectively. Stability test results show that, both of 125I-nimotuzumab and 125I-F(ab’2-nimotuzumab more stable at 4 °C than at room temperature storage and 37 °C

Preparation of 125I-labeled monoclonal antibody of bladder neoplasm using lactoperoxidase

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Huaifen; Niu Huisheng; Yuan Mingyue; Huang Yongzhi

1994-01-01

125 I-labelled monoclonal antibody of bladder neoplasm ( 125 I-L 4 B 4 ) is prepared using lactoperoxidase. The in-vivo radioactive distribution of 125 I-L 4 B 4 in bare mice shows that 125 I-L 4 B 4 concentrates in the tumour

Preparation and evaluation of serotonin labelled with 125I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sivaprasad, N.; Geetha, R.; Ghodke, A.S.; Karmalkar, C.P.; Pilkhwal, N.S.; Sarnaik, J.S.; Borkute, S.D.; Nadkarni, G.D.

1999-01-01

Radiolabelled serotonin is an important tool for studying serotonin receptors and estimating serotonin levels in plants and animals. In this paper we report the synthesis of serotonin - 125 I. Tyrosine Methyl Ester (TME) was first labelled with 125 I using chloramine-T method. 125 I-TME was then conjugated with serotonin using carbodimide. The labelled conjugate was purified using gel filtration. Yield and radiochemical purity were estimated using electrophoresis and ITLC in different solvent systems. The binding of the purified tracer to serotonin receptors and serotonin antibodies was studied. (author)

The effectiveness of 125I seed interstitial brachytherapy for transplantation tumor of human pancreatic carcinoma in nude mice: an experiment in vivo

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song Qi; Liu Yu; Wang Zhongmin; Huang Wei; Lu Jian; Chen Kemin

2010-01-01

Objective: To discuss the effectiveness and therapeutic mechanism of 125 I interstitial brachytherapy for transplantation tumor of human pancreatic carcinoma in nude mice. Methods: The human pancreatic cell line Sw1990 was subcutaneously injected into the right lower limb partially dorsal area next to the groin of the immunodeficient BABL /c nude mice. The tumor was removed and cut into small pieces after it was formed,then the tumor pieces were inoculated in nude mice. The tumor developed to 8-10 mm in size after six weeks. A total of 16 nude mice with the suitable tumor size were used in this study. The 16 experimental mice were randomly and equally divided into two groups. The mice in study group (n = 8) were implanted with 125 I seeds, while the mice in control group (n = 8) were implanted with ghost seeds. After the implantation both the long and short diameter of the tumors as well as the mouse body weight were measured every 4 days. The tumor weight was measured when the mouse was sacrificed. The paraffin-embedded samples were sent for histopathological examination. Apoptotic cells were checked with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was detected with immuno-histochemical staining. Results: The tumor grew slowly in the study group, but rapidly in the control group. The tumor weight in the study group and the control group was (2.68 ± 0.70)g and (4.68 ± 1.45)g, respectively, the difference between two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.021). The tumor inhibition rate was about 42.66%. No significant difference in body weight of nude mice existed between two groups both before and after the treatment (P > 0.05). Marked tumor necrosis was seen in study group, but no obvious, or only a little, tumor necrosis could be observed in the control group. The apoptotic index checked with the TUENL method in the study group and control group was (23.2 ± 1.9)% and

Synthesis and biologic studies of iodinated ({sup 125}I/{sup 127}I) ethidium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ho Nanhui; Tumeh, Paul C.; Kassis, Amin I. E-mail: amin_kassis@hms.harvard.edu

2001-11-01

An iodinated ({sup 125}I/{sup 127}I) ethidium derivative (3,8-diamino-5-[6'-(p-iodobenzoylamino)-4'-azahexyl]-6 -phenylphenanthridinium chloride hydrochloride) was synthesized and characterized. The labeling yield of the {sup 125}I-labeled derivative was 75% for carrier-free {sup 125}I, with a radiochemical purity of 95%. The incubation of iodoethidium with calf thymus DNA resulted in a substantial enhancement of fluorescence yield, indicating the intercalation of this compound into DNA. In the presence of iodoethidium, the nuclei of methanol-treated mammalian cells fluoresced, while those of viable cells did not (since the plasma membrane is impermeable to iodoethidium). When viable cells were incubated with the reduced form of the derivative, {sup 125}I/{sup 127}I-dihydroethidium traversed the plasma membrane, was oxidized in the cytoplasm, and intercalated into nuclear DNA. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that larger malignant solid tumors, containing a relatively greater percentage of degenerating permeable cells, can be targeted with {sup 125}I-ethidium. In-vivo studies demonstrated a small but positive correlation (R = 0.72) between tumor volume and the uptake of the derivative. Because of the ubiquitous presence of abnormal permeable cells and necrosis in tumors, our results support the belief that radiolabeled DNA-intercalating or DNA-binding molecules may be of diagnostic and therapeutic value for a variety of solid tumors in humans.

An improved synthesis of [[sup 125]I]N-(diethylaminoethyl)-4-iodobenzamide: a potential ligand for imaging malignant melanoma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

John, C.S.; Reba, R.C.; Varma, V.M.; McAfee, J.G. (Georgetown Univ. Medical Center, Washington, DC (United States)); Saga, T.; Kinuya, S.; Le, N.; Jeong, J.M.; Paik, C.H. (National Insts. of Health, Bethesda, MD (United States))

1993-01-01

To improve the radiolabeling yield and the specific activity of [[sup 125]I]N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-4-iodobenzamide(DAB), the aryltributyltin precursor was synthesized from the N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-4-bromobenzamide derivative by palladium catalyzed stannylation using bis(tributyltin). The radiolabeled product, [[sup 125]I]DAB, was obtained by an iododestannylation reaction in high radiochemical yields (85-94%, radiochemical purity, > 98%) using chloramine-T as an oxidizing agent. The specific activity was greater than 1600 Ci/mmol. The biodistribution studies in nude mice implanted with human malignant melanoma xenograft showed a good tumor uptake (6.14% ID/g at 1 h, 2.81% ID/g at 6 h and 0.42% ID/g at 24 h) of [[sup 125]I]DAB. Unfortunately, a high uptake in the non-target organs, such as liver and lung was found. At 1 h post-injection the activity level in liver and lung was 11.76 and 7.58% ID/g, respectively. A slow clearance of activity from liver and lung was observed at 6 h (3.43 and 0.49% ID/g). These results demonstrate that iodinated IDAB is a potential radiopharmaceutical for the management of patients with malignant melanoma. (Author).

Preparation of 125I labelled compound

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rafii, H.; Beiki, D.; Matlubi, M.; Jalilian, A.R.; Motamedi, F.; Karimian, A.R.; Najafi, R.; Babaei, M.; Kamali Dehghan, M.; Shah-Hossaini, G.R.; Shafahi, S.K.; Keshavarzi, F.

2002-01-01

Iodinated compounds with 131 I, 125 I and 123 I have been widely used for biochemical function studies. In conjunction with SPECT, [ 123 I] labelled proteins have various diagnostic and therapeutic applications in nuclear medicine. In this study, synthesis and quality control of [ 18 F]radiofluorinated and radioiodinated of some proteins and peptides as well as their biological behaviors are considered to be investigated. (author)

Synthesis of radioiodinated N-succinimidyl 3-[125I] iodobenzoate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Junling; Wang Lihua; Zhang Lan; Tian Haibin; Wang Yongxian

2003-01-01

N-Succinimidyl 3-(tri-n-butylstannyl) benzoate (ATE) was radioiodinated using Iodogen as oxidant and useful conjugate S 125 IB of labeling proteins was obtained. ATE and Iodogen affecting labeling proteins were successfully isolated from S 125 IB by Sep-Pak silica. The labeling efficiency was more than 93%. Several factors affecting labeling such as labeling time, the amount of Iodogen and the mole ratio of ATE to Na 125 I, were studied. The better labeling conditions were obtained as follows: mole ratio of ATE to Na 125 I=6:1, Iodogen=7 μg, labeling time=5 min in room temperature

Dosimetry study of three-dimensional print template-guided precision 125I seed implantation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhang Hongtao

2016-01-01

Conclusions: The postplan and preplan dose parameters of 3D print template-guided seed implantation were nearly consistent. The dose parameters of template group superior to the traditional group. The seeds can be implanted accurately with 3D print template.

Metabolism of (125I)tyramine cellobiose-labeled low density lipoproteins in squirrel monkeys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Portman, O.W.; Alexander, Manfred

1985-01-01

Low density lipoproteins labeled with ( 125 I)tyramine cellobiose (( 125 I)TC-LDL) were removed from the circulation of squirrel monkeys at a similar but slightly slower rate than LDLs labeled with 125 I, ( 125 I)hydroxypenyl propionic acid, or ( 3 H)leucine. After the simultaneous injection of (( 125 I)TC-LDL) and ( 131 I)LDL labeled with 131 ICI, the 125 I was also removed at a slightly slower rate than 131 I. Most of the radioactivity was retained in tissues and not excreted during the 24 h after injection of ( 125 I)TC-LDL. This finding supports the claim of Pittman et al. (18) that ( 125 I)TC-LDL can be used to determine the irreversible uptake of LDL by different tissues. The liver cleared more LDL than any other organ, but the adrenals and ovaries were more active per gram. Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitated more than 80% of the radioactivity in the tissues that had low 125 I uptake, but only about 50% of the 125 I in more active tissues (liver, adrenals, ovaries and spleen). Only a small percentage of 125 I in urine and bile was TCA-precipitable. In the dual label experiment with ( 125 I)TC-LDL and ( 131 I)LDL there was a selective retention of 125 I in samples from liver, spleen, adrenals, and perhaps testes, and an almost complete selectivity for 125 I in bile and feces. The aortic intima plus inner media (AIM) cleared much less LDL than other tissues, but the uptake by the entire AIM was proportional to the cholesterol concentration and weight of the total AIM. There was, however, no correlation between either of the latter two measurements and the uptake of LDL per pram of AIM. (author)

Effect of fentanyl on 125I-β-CIT uptake in mice brain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Xingdang; Lin Xiangtong

2003-01-01

Objective: To investigate the effect of fentanyl on 125 I-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) tropane ( 125 I-β-CIT) uptake in mice brain. Methods: 1) KM mice groups of five were given different doses of fentanyl, and 10 min or 1 h later were given a dose of 125 I-β-CIT. 2)Two groups of animals were killed at 2 h after injection of 125 I-β-CIT. 3)One group of animals were killed at 1 h after injection of 125 I-β-CIT. Results: 1)In the striatum, frontal cortex, hippocampus, brain stem, cerebellum and whole brain, a dose-dependent increase in uptake (%ID/g or %ID) of 125 I-β-CIT was detected at the fentanyl doses ranging from 125 to 300 μg/kg, and the uptakes of hippocampus and cerebellum were higher than that of the controls. There was a great difference in the value of %ID/g or %ID between the group treated with 250 μg/kg fentanyl and the control group; while at the doses from 12.5 to 100 μg/kg, a dose-dependent decrease in uptake in the same regions was observed and all the uptake levels were lower (hippocampus: except 62.5 and 12.5 μg/kg groups; brain stem: except 62.5 μg/kg group) than that of the controls. 2)The uptakes of 125 I-β-CIT in the striatum, frontal cortex, hippocampus, brain stem, cerebellum and whole brain in the groups injected with 125 I-β-CIT 10 min after fentanyl treatment were higher than that in the groups injected with 125 I-β-CIT 1 h after fentanyl treatment. 3)The binding of 125 I-β-CIT in the striatum, frontal cortex, hippocampus, brain stem, cerebellum and whole brain in the groups killed at 1 h after injection of 125 I-β-CIT was higher than that in the control group, but without significant difference. Conclusion: Fentanyl may have different effects on 125 I-β-CIT at various time points and doses

Adjuvant iodine-125 brachytherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma after complete hepatectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kaiyun Chen

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Tumor recurrence is a major problem after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC. The current study evaluated the effects of adjuvant iodine-125 ((125I brachytherapy on postoperative recurrence of HCC. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: From July 2000 to June 2004, 68 HCC patients undergoing curative hepatectomy were randomly assigned into a (125I adjuvant brachytherapy group (n = 34 and a group of best care (n = 34. Patients in the (125I adjuvant brachytherapy group received (125I seed implantation on the raw surface of resection. Patients in the best care control group received identical treatments except for the (125I seed implantation. Time to recurrence (TTR and 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS were compared between the two groups. The follow-up ended in January 2010, and lasted for 7.7-106.4 months with a median of 47.6 months. TTR was significantly longer in the (125I group (mean of 60.0 months vs. 36.7 months in the control. The 1-, 3- and 5-year recurrence-free rates of the (125I group were 94.12%, 76.42%, and 73.65% vs. 88.24%, 50.00%, and 29.41% compared with the control group, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates of the (125I group were 94.12%, 73.53%, and 55.88% vs. 88.24%, 52.94%, and 29.41% compared with the control group, respectively. The (125I brachytherapy decreased the risk of recurrence (HR = 0.310 and the risk of death (HR = 0.364. Most frequent adverse events in the (125I group included nausea, vomiting, arrhythmia, decreased white blood cell and/or platelet counts, and were generally mild and manageable. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Adjuvant (125I brachytherapy significantly prolonged TTR and increased the OS rate after curative resection of HCC. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12610000081011.

Effect of crown-to-implant ratio on peri-implant stress: a finite element analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Verri, Fellippo Ramos; Batista, Victor Eduardo de Souza; Santiago, Joel Ferreira; Almeida, Daniel Augusto de Faria; Pellizzer, Eduardo Piza

2014-12-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate stress distribution in the fixation screws and bone tissue around implants in single-implant supported prostheses with crowns of different heights (10, 12.5, 15 mm - crown-to-implant ratio 1:1, 1.25:1, 1.5:1, respectively). It was designed using three 3-D models. Each model was developed with a mandibular segment of bone block including an internal hexagon implant supporting a screw-retained, single metal-ceramic crown. The crown height was set at 10, 12.5, and 15 mm with crown-to-implant ratio of 1:1, 1.25:1, 1.5:1, respectively. The applied forces were 200N (axial) and 100 N (oblique). The increase of crown height showed differences with the oblique load in some situations. By von Mises' criterion, a high stress area was concentrated at the implant/fixation screw and abutment/implant interfaces at crown-to-implant ratio of 1:1, 1.25:1, 1.5:1, respectively. Using the maximum principal criteria, the buccal regions showed higher traction stress intensity, whereas the distal regions showed the largest compressive stress in all models. The increase of C/I ratio must be carefully evaluated by the dentist since the increase of this C/I ratio is proportional to the increase of average stress for both screw fixation (C/I 1:1 to 1:1.25 ratio=30.1% and C/I 1:1 to 1:1.5 ratio=46.3%) and bone tissue (C/I 1:1 to 1:1.25 ratio=30% and C/I 1:1 to 1:1.5 ratio=51.5%). Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Experimental and theoretical determination of dosimetric characteristics of IsoAid ADVANTAGETM125I brachytherapy source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meigooni, Ali S.; Hayes, Joshua L.; Zhang Hualin; Sowards, Keith

2002-01-01

125 I brachytherapy sources are being used for interstitial implants in tumor sites such as the prostate. Recently, the ADVANTAGE TM 125 I, Model IAI-125, source became commercially available for interstitial brachytherapy treatment. Dosimetric characteristics (dose rate constant, radial dose function, and anisotropy function) of this source were experimentally and theoretically determined, following the AAPM Task Group 43 recommendations. Derivation of the dose rate constant was based on recent NIST WAFAC calibration performed in accordance with their 1999 standard. Measurements were performed in Solid Water TM phantom using LiF thermoluminescent dosimeters. The theoretical calculations were performed in both Solid Water TM and water using the PTRAN Monte Carlo code. The results indicated that a dose rate constant of the new source in water was 0.98±0.03 cGy h -1 U -1 . The radial dose function of the new source was measured in Solid Water TM and calculated both in water and Solid Water TM at distances up to 10.0 cm. The anisotropy function, F(r,θ), of the new source was measured and calculated in Solid Water TM at distances of 2 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, and 7 cm and also was calculated in water at distances ranging from 1 cm to 7 cm from the source. From the anisotropy function, the anisotropy factors and anisotropy constant were derived. The anisotropy constant of the ADVANTAGE TM 125 I source in water was found to be 0.97±0.03. The dosimetric characteristics of this new source compared favorably with those from the Amersham Health Model 6711 source. Complete dosimetric parameters of the new source are presented in this paper

Synthesis of 125 I - Salicyl Hydroxamic Acid for Urinary Bladder Imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ibrahim, I.T.; Abou EL Zahab, M.; Hamed, M.

2015-01-01

Salicylhydroxamic acid is a salicylate derivative. Radiolabeling of Salicyl hydroxamic acid ( SHA ) with iodine-125 may have considerable interest for imaging of urinary bladder. This study is aimed to optimize the radiolabeling yield of Salicyl hydroxamic with radio iodine (125-123) using chloramine - T (CAT) as an oxidizing agent with respect to factors that affect the reaction conditions such as SHA amount, CAT amount, reaction time and ph of the reaction mixture. In - vitro stability of the radiolabeled complex was checked and it was found to be stable for up to 24 h. 125 I-SHA was injected via intravenous administration routes into normal male Sprague – Dawley rats. Bio - distribution studies have revealed that 125 I-SHA was excreted in urine with extent that it could give a clear image for urinary bladder especially if the bladder it tightly closed. The amount of 125 I - Salicyl hydroxamic excreted was increased in case of giving potassium bicarbonate to rat before injection of 125 I-SHA. The result of biodistribution study of 125 I - SHA in experimental animal suggest ed the possibility of using 123 I-SHA to image the urinary bladder

Exposure dose estimation of nursing personnel and visitors following "1"2"5I brachytherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakazato, Kazuhisa; Kikuchi, Hirosumi; Hotta, Harumi; Nishizawa, Kunihide

2007-01-01

An automated access management system to the controlled sickrooms for "1"2"5I brachytherapy was developed. The system consists of access control and video surveillance units. The patients implanted "1"2"5I seeds were isolated for about 20 h after surgery in the controlled sickrooms. The maximum doses and dose rates of the nurses and visitors were estimated by using the legal upper limit activity of 1,300 MBq, the measured longest staying time, and the shortest distance between the patients and individuals. Video analysis revealed activities of the nurses, patients, and visitors in the controlled sickroom, and relationships between the access frequency and staying time. The nurses' measured doses ranged from 1 to 3 μSv, and averaged 1.6 μSv. The nurses' maximum dose and dose rate were 16 μSv and 5.6 nSv·h"-"1·MBq"-"1. The visitors' maximum dose and dose rate were 6 μSv and 2.6 nSv·h"-"1·MBq"-"1. The nurses and visitors' exposure doses per patient were estimated to be negligible compared with the annual limit of the public. (author)

Validation of 125I-hCG as a marker for elimination of hCG and stability of 125I-hCG after in vivo injection in humans

OpenAIRE

Christensen, T B; Marqversen, J; Engbaek, F; Berger, P; Bacher, T; Maase, H von der

1999-01-01

We have recently introduced 125I-hCG as an elimination marker in patients with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) producing testicular cancer. 125I-hCG is a well-known reagent in clinical biochemistry and is used extensively in hCG assays. Previous studies have shown that the iodination process leaves the hCG molecule mainly intact. The iodination, purification and stability of 125I-hCG tracer are described. The aim of the present study was to determine whether or not 125I is associated with...

m-[125I]iodoaniline: a useful reagent for radiolabeling biotin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khawli, L.A.; Kassis, A.I.

1992-01-01

Biotinyl-m-[ 125 I]iodoanilide (BIA) was synthesized by coupling biotin to m-[ 125 I]iodoaniline via a mixed anhydride reaction. m-[ 125 I]Iodoaniline was produced from the tin precursor, which was prepared using a palladium catalyzed reaction of hexabutylditin with m-bromoaniline. The radioiodinated BIA derivative is characterized by a stable amide and/or intact ureido group on the biotin molecule, it may thus be a useful carrier for targeting radionuclides to avidin-conjugated antibodies previously localized on tumors. (author)

Synthesis and binding characteristics of N-(1-naphthyl)-N'-(3-[125I]-iodophenyl)-N'-methylguanidine ([125I]-CNS 1261): a potential SPECT agent for imaging NMDA receptor activation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Owens, Jonathan; Tebbutt, Andrew A.; McGregor, Ailsa L.; Kodama, K.; Magar, Sharad S.; Perlman, Michael E.; Robins, David J.; Durant, Graham J.; McCulloch, James

2000-01-01

N-(1-Naphthyl)-N'-(3-[ 125 I]-iodophenyl)-N'-methylguanidine ([ 125 I]-CNS 1261) was synthesized as a potential radioligand to image N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation. [ 125 I]-CNS 1261 was prepared by radioiodination of N-(1-naphthyl)-N'-(3-tributylstannylphenyl)-N'-methylguanidine using Na 125 I and peracetic acid. [ 125 I]-CNS 1261 uptake in vivo reflected NMDA receptor distribution in normal rat brain, whereas in ischemic rat brain, uptake was markedly increased in areas of NMDA receptor activation. Radiolabeled CNS 1261 appears to be a good candidate for further development as a single photon emission computed tomography tracer in the investigation of NMDA receptor activation in cerebral ischemia

Immunoreactivity of 125I-papain labelled by different methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rauch, P.; Fukal, L.; Kas, J.; Tykva, R.

1984-01-01

Three different methods of papain iodination (with chloramine-T, lactoperoxidase and conjugation with Bolton-Hunter reagent) have been compared. The highest yield of 125 I-papain could be obtained using lactoperoxidase which enabled to achieve the highest immunoreactivity. 125 I-papain, labelled this way, is suitable for the radioimmunoassay of papain. (author)

Long-Term Outcome and Toxicity of Salvage Brachytherapy for Local Failure After Initial Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burri, Ryan J.; Stone, Nelson N.; Unger, Pam; Stock, Richard G.

2010-01-01

Purpose: To describe long-term outcomes and toxicity after salvage brachytherapy (BT) for local failure after initial radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Methods and Materials: Between 1994 and 2008, 37 men with local failure after initial prostate radiotherapy (32 external-beam radiation therapy [EBRT] and 5 BT) underwent salvage BT with 103 Pd or 125 I. Estimates of freedom from biochemical failure (FFbF, Phoenix definition) and cause-specific survival (CSS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Toxicities were graded using CTCv3.0. Results: Median follow-up was 86 months (range, 2-156). The median dose to 90% of the prostate volume was 122 Gy (range, 67-166). The 10-year FFbF and CSS were 54% and 96%, respectively. On univariate analysis, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) >10 ng/mL at initial diagnosis was significantly associated with FFbF (p = 0.01), and there were trends for both age <70 years (p = 0.08) and PSA <6 ng/mL (p = 0.08) at the time of salvage BT. On multivariate analysis, only presalvage PSA <6 ng/mL (p = 0.046) was significantly associated with improved FFbF. There were three Grade 3 toxicities and one Grade 4 toxicity. Pelvic lymph node dissection before salvage BT was the only variable significantly associated with Grade ≥2 toxicity (p = 0.03). Conclusion: With a median follow-up of 86 months, salvage prostate BT was associated with a 10-year FFbF of 54% and CSS of 96%. Improved FFbF was associated with a presalvage PSA <6 ng/mL. Toxicity was worse in patients who had undergone pelvic lymph node dissection before salvage BT. Careful patient selection for salvage BT may result in improved outcomes and reduced toxicity.

Preparation of 125I FSH hormone

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Castro de Sabbatini, D.; Nieto de Nunez, G.; Mitta, A.E.A.

1976-01-01

Labelling of human FSH of pituitary origin with 125 I and its purification are described. Suitable parameters are selected for the use of radioimmunologic technique for FSH dosage in human serum. (author) [es

On the use of Kodak CR film for quality assurance of needle loading in I-125 seed prostate brachytherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Fog, L S; Nicholls, R; van Doom, T

2007-09-01

Low dose rate brachytherapy using implanted I-125 seeds as a monotherapy for prostate cancer is now in use in many hospitals. In contrast to fractionated brachytherapy treatments, where the effect of incorrect positioning of the source in one treatment fraction can be diminished by correcting the position in subsequent fractions, the I-125 seed implant is permanent, making correct positioning of the seeds in the prostate essential. The seeds are inserted into the prostate using needles. Correct configuration of seeds in the needles is essential in order to deliver the planned treatment. A comparison of an autoradiograph obtained by exposing film to the seed-loaded needles with the patient treatment plan is a valuable quality assurance tool. However, the time required to sufficiently expose Kodak XOMAT V film, currently used in this department is significant. This technical note presents the use of Kodak CR film for acquisition of the radiograph. The digital radiograph can be acquired significantly faster, has superior signal-to-noise ratio and contrast and has the usual benefits of digital film, e.g. a processing time which is shorter than that required for non-digital film, the possibility of image manipulation, possibility of paper printing and electronic storage.

Method of separating (125I)-L-thyroxine from mixture obtained by radioiodination

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mucha, J.; Talan, P.; Dobias, M.

1982-01-01

( 125 I)-L-thyroxine is separated by gel filtration on a column from the mixture of ( 125 I)-L-thyroxine, ( 125 I)-L-3,5,3'-triiodothyronine and ( 125 I) - . The column is packed with a non-polar gel such as polydextran with particle size 25 to 100 μm. The mixture 1,2-propanediol/distilled water/concentrated (26%) aqueous ammonia solution, or 1,2-propanediol/concentrated (26%) aqueous ammonia solution is used as eluent. The concentration of the eluate containing ( 125 I)-L-thyroxine is adjusted with distilled water such as to establish a 50 vol.% concentration of 1,2-propanediol. (E.S.)

(B1-/sup 125/I-desaminotyrosine)-insulin - A novel homogeneous insulin tracer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bahrami, S; Zahn, H; Brandenburg, D [Deutsches Wollforschungsinstitut, Aachen (Germany F.R.); Machulla, H -J; Dutschka, K [Institut fuer Medizinische Strahlenphysik und Strahlenbiologie des Universitaetsklinikum, Essen (Germany F.R.)

1980-10-28

(B1-/sup 125/I-desaminotyrosine)-insulin (/sup 125/I-MII) was prepared with high specific activities (420 Ci/mmole) by exchanging B1-phenylalanine for /sup 125/I-p-hydroxyphenyl-propionic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (Bolton-Hunter reagent). Overall radiochemical yields were about 8%. Analytical quality control and purification were performed by means of radio high pressure liquid chromatography. The radiochemical purity of /sup 125/I-MII was >99%, and the immunoprecipitability was 97%.

A comparative study of 19-iodo cholesterol-125I 3-acetate and Na 125I in liquid scintillation measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodriguez Barquero, L.; Grau Malonda, A.; Los Arcos Merino, J. M.; Grau Carles, A.

1994-01-01

A comparative study of performance of 19-iodo cholesterol 1 25I 3-acetate and sodium iodide samples labeled with 125I is presented for liquid scintillation counting measurements. Quench effect, count rate stability and spectral evolution of samples have been followed for several weeks in Toluene, Hisafe II, Instagel, Dioxane-naphthalene and Toluene-alcohol scintillators. Organic samples have negligible quench effect in the interval of I concentration of 0-90 μg and inorganic samples only show a very small variation, lower than 12%, for Dioxane-naphthalene, in the same range of concentration. Satisfactory stability is obtained in general for both, organic and inorganic samples, but small counting losses, 0.03% for 19-iodocholesterol 1 I 3-acetate samples in Tolue ne-alcohol and 0 .04% for Na 125I samples in Dioxane-naphthalene and Toluene-alcohol, have been reported. (Author) 8 refs

Inhibition effects of 125I-triplex forming oligonucleotide to hepatoma cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lv Zhongwei; Hou Min; Cai Haidong; Yuan Xueyu; Yang Yuehua; Yuan Shidong; He Junmin

2007-01-01

Objective: Triplex forming oligonucleotide (TFO) has been reported as a new antigene strategy. The purpose of this study was to observe the inhibition effects of 125 I-TFO on hepatoma cells and to investigate the possibility of using 125 I-TFO as an antigene radiotherapy technique for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related to HBV. Methods: TFO complementary to the initiator of S gene of HBV was synthesized and labeled with 125 I. HepG2.2.15 cells, in which HBV genome was integrated, were incubated with 125 I-TFO, TFO and 125 I respectively. After incubation, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) of each group were assayed with ELISA and the survival rate of cells in each group was determined with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylte-trazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. Results: 125 I-TFO showed a high stability with a radiolabeling rate of >93%. The radiochemical purity of labeled compound was 90.8%, 81.1% and 73.2% respectively after 12, 48 and 72 h at 37 degree C. The peak inhibition effect of 125 I-TFO on synthesizing HBsAg and HBeAg by HepG2.2.15 cells were found at 48 h after transfection, with significantly the highest inhibition rate of 45.2% for HBsAg and 74.5% for HBeAg expression among the three groups(P 125 I-TFO may inhibit the antigen expression of HBV and the growth of hepatocarcinoma cells, thus it may provide a new approach to develop gene-based radiotherapeutic pharmaceuticals for anti-HBV and HCC. (authors)

Cytotoxicity of an 125I-labelled DNA ligand

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karagiannis, T.C.; Lobachevsky, P.N.; Martin, R.F.

2000-01-01

The subcellular distribution and cytotoxicity of a DNA-binding ligand [ 125 I]-Hoechst 33258 following incubation of K562 cells with the drug was investigated. The ability of a radical scavenger, dimethyl sulphoxide, to protect cells from the 125 I-decay induced cell death was also studied. Three different concentrations and specific activities of the drug were used to provide different ligand : DNA binding ratios. The results demonstrated a trend toward improved delivery of the ligand to the nucleus and to chromatin at higher ligand concentrations, with concomitant increased sensitivity to 125 I-decay induced cytotoxicity and decreased protection by dimethyl sulphoxide. This correlation of radiobiological parameters with subcellular drug distribution is consistent with the classical dogma that attributes cytotoxicity to DNA double-stranded breakage in the vicinity of the site of decay, where the high LET nature of the damage confers minimal sensitivity to radical scavenging

Application of 125I seed permanent plantation in osseous metastases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Fujun; Wu Peihong; Lu Mingjian; Li Kui; Zhang Liang; Huang Jinhua; Fan Weijun; Zhao Ming; Gu Yangkui; Liu Jian; Wang Junjie

2007-01-01

Objective: To evaluate the value of 125 I permanent plantation in treating osseous metastases. Methods: Twenty-two patients with osseous metastases were accepted radioactive seeds 125 I permanent plantation. The curative effect was appraised according to the degree of ostalgia relieving and the changing of the radiology imaging in patients. Results: Accepted radioactive seeds 125 I permanent plantation, relief of pain was obtained and the effective rate is 91% (20/22). However none of the patients showed severe side-effect. Among 32 lesions in 22 cases followed-up by CT in 2 months, 4 obtained CR, 18 obtained PR, 10 NC and 0 PD. The responsive rate was 68.7%. Conclusion: 125 I permanent plantation procedure can be a safe and effective method in treating osseous metastases and obtaining good clinical effects with minimal damage and few complications. (authors)

Variation in 125I-Insulin absorption and blood glucose concentration

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lauritzen, T.; Faber, O.K.; Binder, C.

1979-01-01

The absorption of monocomponent porcine 125 I-insulin Monotard and Isophane was studied in six insulin dependent diabetic patients over a period of 12 days. The absorption of insulin was measured as the disappearance of radioactivity from sites of injection. The daily 125 I-insulin doses ranged from 20 to 48 IU between patients. The insulin absorbed varied considerably within and between patients. The range of individual daily absorbed insulin varied from 19 to 104 per cent of the 125 I-insulin dose. A significant correlation (p [de

Effect of Foley catheters on seed positions and urethral dose in 125I and 103Pd prostate implants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brezovich, Ivan A.; Pareek, Prem N.; Duan, Jun; Fiveash, John

2001-01-01

Purpose: To estimate the perturbation of seed position and urethral dose, subsequent to withdrawal of urethral catheters. Methods and Materials: A mathematical model based on the volume incompressibility of tissues was used to compute seed positions and doses following removal of the Foley. The model assumed that the central axis of the urethra remains stationary, and that prostate tissue and seeds move radially toward the center of the urethra to fill the void left by the catheter. Seed motion has also been measured using transrectal ultrasound. Results: Based on the computations, seeds located originally close to the urethra travel relatively large distances toward the urethra upon Foley removal, whereas seeds located further away move substantially less. This seed motion leads to higher urethral doses than shown in a standard treatment plan. Dose enhancements increase with catheter size, decrease with increasing prostate volume, are more pronounced for 103 Pd than for 125 I, and range between 3.5% and 32.4%. Postimplant dosimetry is equally affected if images are taken with urethral catheters in place, showing lower urethral doses than actually delivered. Preliminary ultrasound based measurements of seed motion agree with the theory. Conclusion: During the implantation procedure, 12 fr or smaller urethral catheters are preferable to larger diameter catheters if urine drainage is sufficient. Treatment planners should avoid planning seeds at 5 mm or closer from the urethra. Special caution is indicated in prostates having about 20 cm 3 or smaller volumes, and when 103 Pd is used. Postimplant dosimetry is susceptible to the same errors

Preparation of {sup 125}I-labeled monoclonal antibody of bladder neoplasm using lactoperoxidase

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huaifen, Li; Huisheng, Niu; Mingyue, Yuan; Yongzhi, Huang [Chinese Acaolemy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin (China). Inst. of Radiation Medicine

1994-11-01

{sup 125}I-labelled monoclonal antibody of bladder neoplasm ({sup 125}I-L{sub 4}B{sub 4}) is prepared using lactoperoxidase. The in-vivo radioactive distribution of {sup 125}I-L{sub 4}B{sub 4} in bare mice shows that {sup 125}I-L{sub 4}B{sub 4} concentrates in the tumour.

Feasibility and clinical value of CT-guided {sup 125}I brachytherapy for metastatic soft tissue sarcoma after first-line chemotherapy failure

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mo, Zhiqiang; Zhang, Yanling; Xiang, Zhanwang; Yan, Huzhen; Zhong, Zhihui; Gao, Fei; Zhang, Fujun [Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou (China); Zhang, Tao [Guangzhou Medical University, Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Anomalies, Guangzhou Women and Children' s Medical Centre, Guangzhou (China)

2018-03-15

To evaluate the feasibility and usefulness of computed tomography (CT)-guided iodine{sup 125} ({sup 125}I) brachytherapy for patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (STS) after first-line chemotherapy failure. We recruited 93 patients with metastatic STS who had received first-line chemotherapy 4-6 times but developed progressive disease, from January 2010 to July 2015; 45 patients who had combined {sup 125}I brachytherapy and second-line chemotherapy (Group A), and 48 patients who received second-line CT only (Group B). In Group A, 49 {sup 125}I seed implantation procedures were performed in 45 patients with 116 metastatic lesions; the primary success rate was 91.1% (41/45), without life-threatening complications. Local control rates at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months were 71.1%, 62.2%, 46.7%, 28.9% and 11.1% for Group A, and 72.9%, 54.2%, 18.8%, 6.3% and 0% for Group B. Mean progression-free survival differed significantly (Group A: 7.1±1.3 months; Group B: 3.6 ±1.1 months; P<0.001; Cox proportional hazards regression analysis), but overall survival did not significantly differ (Group A: 16.9 ±5.1 months; Group B: 12.1 ± 4.8 months). Group A showed better symptom relief and quality of life than Group B. CT-guided {sup 125}I brachytherapy is a feasible and valuable treatment for patients with metastatic STS. (orig.)

Systemic administration of kainic acid induces selective time dependent decrease in [125I]insulin-like growth factor I, [125I]insulin-like growth factor II and [125I]insulin receptor binding sites in adult rat hippocampal formation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Quirion, R.; Chabot, J.-G.; Dore, S.; Seto, D.; Kar, S.

1997-01-01

Administration of kainic acid evokes acute seizure in hippocampal pathways that results in a complex sequence of functional and structural alterations resembling human temporal lobe epilepsy. The structural alterations induced by kainic acid include selective loss of neurones in CA1-CA3 subfields and the hilar region of the dentate gyrus followed by sprouting and permanent reorganization of the synaptic connections of the mossy fibre pathways. Although the neuronal degeneration and process of reactive synaptogenesis have been extensively studied, at present little is known about means to prevent pathological conditions leading to kainate-induced cell death. In the present study, to address the role of insulin-like growth factors I and II, and insulin in neuronal survival as well as synaptic reorganization following kainate-induced seizure, the time course alterations of the corresponding receptors were evaluated. Additionally, using histological preparations, the temporal profile of neuronal degeneration and hypertrophy of resident astroglial cells were also studied. [ 125 I]Insulin-like growth factor I binding was found to be decreased transiently in almost all regions of the hippocampal formation at 12 h following treatment with kainic acid. The dentate hilar region however, exhibited protracted decreases in [ 125 I]insulin-like growth factor I receptor sites throughout (i.e. 30 days) the study. [ 125 I]Insulin-like growth factor II receptor binding sites in the hippocampal formation were found to be differentially altered following systemic administration of kainic acid. A significant decrease in [ 125 I]insulin-like growth factor II receptor sites was observed in CA1 subfield and the pyramidal cell layer of the Ammon's horn at all time points studied whereas the hilar region and the stratum radiatum did not exhibit alteration at any time. A kainate-induced decrease in [ 125 I]insulin receptor binding was noted at all time points in the molecular layer of the

(125I)Iodoazidococaine, a photoaffinity label for the haloperidol-sensitive sigma receptor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kahoun, J.R.; Ruoho, A.E.

1992-01-01

A carrier-free radioiodinated cocaine photoaffinity label, (-)-3-( 125 I)iodo-4-azidococaine [( 125 I)IACoc], has been synthesized and used as a probe for cocaine-binding proteins. Photoaffinity labeling with 0.5 nM ( 125 I)IACoc resulted in selective derivatization of a 26-kDa polypeptide with the pharmacology of a sigma receptor in membranes derived from whole rat brain, rat liver, and human placenta. ( 125 I)IACoc labeling of the 26-kDa polypeptide was also inhibited by 10 μM imipramine, amitriptyline, fluoxetine, benztropine, and tetrabenazine. The size of the ( 125 I)I-ACoc-labeled proteins is consistent with the size of proteins photolabeled in guinea pig brain and liver membranes by using the sigma photolabel azido-[ 3 H]DTG. Kinetic analysis of ( 125 I)IACoc binding to rat liver microsomes revealed two sites with K d values of 19 and 126 pM, respectively. The presence or absence of proteolytic inhibitors during membrane preparation did not alter the size of the photolabeled sigma receptor, indicating that the 26-kDa polypeptide was not derived from a larger protein. In summary, ( 125 I)IACoc is a potent and highly specific photoaffinity label for the haloperidol-sensitive sigma receptor and will be useful for its biochemical and molecular characterization

Enzymatic synthesis of {sup 125/131}I labeled 8-hydroxyquinoline glucuronide and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of biological influence

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yesilagac, Reyhan [Ege University, Institute of Nuclear Science, 35100 Bornova, Izmir (Turkey); Unak, Perihan, E-mail: perihan.unak@ege.edu.t [Ege University, Institute of Nuclear Science, 35100 Bornova, Izmir (Turkey); Medine, E. Ilker; Ichedef, Cigdem A. [Ege University, Institute of Nuclear Science, 35100 Bornova, Izmir (Turkey); Ertay, Turkan [Dokuz Eyluel University, Medical School, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inciralti, Izmir (Turkey); Mueftueler, F.Z. Biber [Ege University, Institute of Nuclear Science, 35100 Bornova, Izmir (Turkey)

2011-02-15

8-Hydroxyquinoline (8-OHQ) is a long-known molecule which due to its metal-complexation ability is frequently used for analysis. It is also called oxine. Oxine and derivatives have been investigated to process antitumor and antimicrobial activities. 8-Hydroxyquinolyl-glucuronide (8-OHQ-Glu) was enzymatically synthesized using microsome preparates separated from Hutu-80 cells, labeled with {sup 125}I to perform a radionuclide labeled prodrug and investigated of its biological affinities on Hutu-80 (human duodenum intestinal adenocarcinoma), Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), Detroit 562 (human pharynx adenocarcinoma) cells and ACBRI 519 (primary human small intestine epithelial cells) in this work. UDP-glucuronyl transferase (UDPGT) rich microsome preparates, which are used for glucuronidation in enzymatic synthesis, were extracted from Hutu-80 cells. 8-OHQ-Glu components were labeled using iodogen method with {sup 125}I and {sup 131}I. Structural analyses were performed with LC/MS/MS, {sup 1}H NMR and {sup 13}C-MMR for identify and measure chemical constituents. Results confirmed expected molecular structure. 8-OHQ-Glu could successfully radioiodinated with {sup 125/131}I according to iodogen method. {sup 125}I-8-OHQ-glucuronide incorporated with human gastrointestinal cancer cells such as Detroit-562 (human pharynx adenocarcinoma) (12.6%), Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma) (7.8%), Hutu- 80 (human duodenum intestinal adenocarcinoma) (9.5%) and ACBRI 519 (primary human small intestine epithelial cells) (6.40%). {sup 131}I-8-OHQ-Glu was tested in mice bearing subcutaneously implanted Caco-2 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. The results demonstrated that radioiodinated 8-OHQ-Glu may be promising anticancer prodrug.

Comparative study on biodistribution of domestic and imported 125I-β-CIT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Xingdang; Lin Xiangtong; Fang Ping; Chen Zhengping; Zhou Xiang; Wang Bocheng; Zhang Manda

2003-01-01

Objective: To characterize the kinetics and biodistribution of a domestically synthesized 125 I-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-4-iodopheny1tropane (β-CIT ) and to compare it with that of 125 I-β-CIT imported from RBI company. Methods: 1)The biodistribution of domestic and RBI company produced 125 I-β-CIT in KM mice. Twenty groups of mice (group of 5) were injected into the tail vein with either one of 125 I-β-CIT products. Each group of both products was killed at 5,15,30 and 45 min, and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h. 2)Autoradiography was performed on the brain of SD rats at 2 h after injection. Results: Domestic 125 I-β-CIT was primarily uptaked in the striatum, also in areas rich in 5-HTT such as the brain stem, frontal cortex, parietal cortex, temporal cortex, occipital cortex and hippocampus. Striatal uptake peaked at 2 h postinjection of 125 I-β-CIT. The ratio of specific to nonspecific binding in striatum peaked at 6 h. The highest radioactivity was in the lungs and the less radioactivity was in the liver, kidney, spleen and intestine. Autoradiography confirmed that 125 I-β-CIT primarily bound to striatum and lower room temperature significantly reduced the binding of the agent. Conclusion: The domestic 125 I-β-CIT binds primarily to dopamine transporters in the striatum in mice and rats and the maximum uptake is in the lungs

Exploration of dopamine transporter and D2 receptors in morphine dependent rats through 125I-β-CTT, 125I-IBZM cerebral autoradiography and the biodistribution study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lin Yansong; Fang Ping; Ding Shiyu; Chen Zhengping; Zhou Xiang; Hu Mingyang; Wang Bocheng; Zhang Manda; Wang Shizhen

2001-01-01

Objective: To explore the variation of cerebral dopamine (DA) transmitting system in morphine dependent (MD) rats using dopamine transporter (DAT) and D 2 receptors imaging agent. Methods: MD model rats were established by using a two-compartment (C1 and C2-morphine conditioned compartment) apparatus for assessing morphine conditioned place preferences in rats. 125 I-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) tropane ( 125 I-β-CIT) and 125 I-3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-N[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl) methyl] benzamide ( 125 I-IBZM) cerebral DAT and D 2 receptor autoradiography and biodistribution study were used to evaluate the variation of DAT and D 2 receptors in morphine dependent rats. Results: The mean time of MD rats entering from C1 to C2 was (0.84 +- 0.50) min after 6 days' conditioned place preference training, shorter than that of the control group [(2.40 +- 1.10) min, P 125 I-β-CIT uptake ratio of striatum (ST)/cerebellum (CB) and nucleus acumens (NAC)/CB in MD group were 4.76 +- 0.92 and 2.72 +- 0.96, significantly lower than that of control group (5.92 +- 0.67 and 4.16 +- 0.56, P 125 I-IBZM uptake ratio in MD group were 4.11 +- 0.56 and 2.64 +- 0.25, lower than that in control group (5.43 +- 0.74 and 3.49 +- 0.65, P 125 I-β-CIT, 125 I-IBZM biodistribution study also showed that the DAT and D 2 binding sites were reduced in ST of MD group by (21.68 +- 11.11)% and (18.69 +- 9.97)% comparing to the controls, respectively. Conclusions: The DAT and D 2 receptors in both ST and NAC were all involved and reduced to some extent in morphine dependent model rats, the DAT and D 2 receptor imaging agent could reflect the variation of DAT and D 2 receptors, this would afford the theoretical basis for D 2 receptors and DAT imaging in study on preventing drug addiction and on its abstinence

[125I] radioiodinated metaraminol: A new platelet-specific labeling agent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ohmomo, Y.; Yokoyama, A.; Kawai, K.; Arano, Y.; Horiuchi, K.; Saji, H.; Torizuka, K.

1985-01-01

In our search for a platelet-specific labeling agent, metaraminol (MA), a low-toxic pharmaceutical for the treatment of hypotension and cardiogenic shock, attracted our attention. Its active incorporation and accumulation by platelets have been recognized. At first, the preparation of 125 I radioiodinated metaraminol ( 125 I-MA) was carried out using the chloramine-T method. Then, upon the harvest of platelets as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), their labeling with this new radiopharmaceutical was easily performed by incubation for 10 min at 37 0 C. The cell-labeling efficiency was dependent on cell density, reaching 63.0%+-3.1% at 2.4x10 9 cells/ml. The specific incorporation of 125 I-MA by an active transport system similar to that of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) as well as by passive diffusion was demonstrated. In vitro studies, the unaltered state of 125 I-MA-labeled platelets with their cellular functions fully retained was estimated. In vivo studies carried out in rabbits with induced thrombi in the femoral artery showed a rather rapid disappearance of the radioactivity from circulating blood, reaching a high thrombus-to-blood activity ratio of 19.8+-4.3 within 30 min of the administration of 125 I-MA-labeled autologous platelets. Thus, with the potential availability of 123 I, 123 I-MA-labeled platelets appear to be a promising agent for thrombus imaging using single-emission computed tomography (CT) studies. (orig.)

Study on agroecology contamination from 125I gas and control measures in a simulated ecosystem

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Wenhu; Li Chuanzhao; Xu Shiming; Hou Lanxin; Shang Zhaorong; Li Xia

1995-09-01

The study was made in an air-tight space in which a simulated agricultural ecosystem was contaminated from 125 I gas. The contents of the study were summarized as follows: The space and time distribution of 125 I gas, contamination of foliage of the plants, accumulation and transfer of 125 I fallen on the soil and entered into the plants from the roots of crops and vegetables, the time distribution of 125 I in crops in water contaminated from 125 I fallout, distribution, accumulation and transfer of 125 I in chickens and rabbits which inhaled 125 I gas or fed the fodder contaminated from 125 I. The control measures of contamination in agroenvironment from 125 I were discussed. (7 refs., 20 figs., 29 tabs.)

Long-term results of ultrasonically guided implantation of 125-I seeds combined with external irradiation in localized prostatic cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Iversen, P; Rasmussen, F; Holm, H H

1991-01-01

Transperineal 125-iodine seed implantation guided by transrectal ultrasonography and subsequent external beam irradiation was employed in the treatment of 32 patients with localized prostatic carcinoma (16 poorly differentiated). Follow-up is currently 35-98 months with a median of 65 months....... Distant metastases have developed in 18 patients, of whom 11 have died from prostatic cancer. Median change in prostatic volume was a reduction of 35%. Re-biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate was performed in 25 patients after 1-4 years, revealing still malignant histology in 10 (40......%), of whom 8 have developed distant metastases or died from prostatic cancer. Fourteen patients suffered from late complications of which surgical intervention was indicated in five cases. Nine patients are presently free of progression and prostate specific antigen is less than 0.5 ng/ml in 8 of these...

Long-term results of ultrasonically guided implantation of 125-I seeds combined with external irradiation in localized prostatic cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Iversen, P; Rasmussen, F; Holm, H H

1991-01-01

%), of whom 8 have developed distant metastases or died from prostatic cancer. Fourteen patients suffered from late complications of which surgical intervention was indicated in five cases. Nine patients are presently free of progression and prostate specific antigen is less than 0.5 ng/ml in 8 of these......Transperineal 125-iodine seed implantation guided by transrectal ultrasonography and subsequent external beam irradiation was employed in the treatment of 32 patients with localized prostatic carcinoma (16 poorly differentiated). Follow-up is currently 35-98 months with a median of 65 months....... Distant metastases have developed in 18 patients, of whom 11 have died from prostatic cancer. Median change in prostatic volume was a reduction of 35%. Re-biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate was performed in 25 patients after 1-4 years, revealing still malignant histology in 10 (40...

Development of thyroid monitoring system for the measurement of 125I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sankhla, Rajesh; Singh, I.S.; Rao, D.D.; Pradeepkumar, K.S.

2015-01-01

Iodine-125 has gained wide acceptance in medical science for diagnosis and therapeutic applications. A considerable number of radiation workers of BARC and BRIT are involved in the production of 125 I and preparation of radio immunoassay (RIA) kits to meet medical requirement of the country. A state of the art Thyroid Monitoring System incorporated with 51 mm diameter x 3 mm thick NaI(Tl) detector is developed for in-vivo monitoring of 125 I in radiation workers handling this radioisotope. The developed system also has provision to accommodate variable body sizes (child to adult). This paper presents the different aspects of the system and its calibration using IAEA neck phantom for estimation of thyroidal content of 125 I. (author)

125I-iomazenil-benzodiazepine receptor binding during psychological stress in rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fukumitsu, Nobuyoshi; Tsuchida, Daisuke; Ogi, Shigeyuki; Uchiyama, Mayuki; Mori, Yutaka

2002-01-01

We investigated the changes in 125 I-iomazenil ( 125 I-IMZ) benzodiazepine receptor (BZR) binding with psychological stress in a rat model. Six male Wistar rats were placed under psychological stress for 1 hour by using a communication box. No physical stress was not received. 1.85 MBq of 125 I-IMZ was injected into the lateral tail vein and the rat was killed 3 hours later. Twenty-micormeter-thick sections of the brain were collected and % injected dose per body weight (% ID/BW) of eleven regions (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital cortices, caudate putamen, accumubens nuclei, globus pallidus, amygdala, thalamus, hippocampus and hypothalamus) were calculated by autoradiography. The %ID/BW of rats which were placed under psychological stress was compared with that of 6 control rats. The %ID/BW of rats which were placed under psychological stress diffusely tended to show a reduction in 125 I-IMZ-BZR binding. A significant decrease in BZR binding was observed in the hippocampus of the rats which were placed under psychological stress. 125 I-IMZ-BZR binding tended to decrease throughout the brain. (author)

Radioimmunoassay of salivary cyclosporine with use of 125I-labeled cyclosporine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coates, J.E.; Lam, S.F.; McGaw, W.T.

1988-01-01

We prepared 125 I-labeled cyclosporine ( 125 I-CS) by modifying the procedure of Mahoney and Orf and characterized it with regards to maximal immunoreactivity (greater than 90%), trichloroacetic acid precipitability (greater than 90%), and stability (90% immunoreactive after five half-lives of 125 I). For a particular preparation of 125 I-CS, we estimated its immunoreaction concentration (50 pmol/L) and the equilibrium constant for its reaction with Sandoz polyclonal antiserum (K = 3.9 X 10(9) L/mol). By substituting 125 I-CS as tracer in the Sandoz radioimmunoassay and by modifying other aspects of the assay, we developed a procedure that is sufficiently sensitive (0.34 micrograms/L) to allow measurement of trough (lowest inter-dose) cyclosporine concentrations in parotid saliva. Of 38 kidney-transplant patients, 35 had measurable concentrations in saliva (mean 8.3, SD 5.2 micrograms/L), and these correlated moderately with paired serum concentrations (r = 0.68, P less than 0.001). We believe that measurement of salivary cyclosporine may offer a simple way of estimating the free fraction of the drug in serum or plasma

Incidence of seed migration to the chest, abdomen, and pelvis after transperineal interstitial prostate brachytherapy with loose 125I seeds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sugawara, Akitomo; Shigematsu, Naoyuki; Nakashima, Jun; Kunieda, Etsuo; Nagata, Hirohiko; Mizuno, Ryuichi; Seki, Satoshi; Shiraishi, Yutaka; Kouta, Ryuichi; Oya, Mototsugu

2011-01-01

The aim was to determine the incidence of seed migration not only to the chest, but also to the abdomen and pelvis after transperineal interstitial prostate brachytherapy with loose 125 I seeds. We reviewed the records of 267 patients who underwent prostate brachytherapy with loose 125 I seeds. After seed implantation, orthogonal chest radiographs, an abdominal radiograph, and a pelvic radiograph were undertaken routinely to document the occurrence and sites of seed migration. The incidence of seed migration to the chest, abdomen, and pelvis was calculated. All patients who had seed migration to the abdomen and pelvis subsequently underwent a computed tomography scan to identify the exact location of the migrated seeds. Postimplant dosimetric analysis was undertaken, and dosimetric results were compared between patients with and without seed migration. A total of 19,236 seeds were implanted in 267 patients. Overall, 91 of 19,236 (0.47%) seeds migrated in 66 of 267 (24.7%) patients. Sixty-nine (0.36%) seeds migrated to the chest in 54 (20.2%) patients. Seven (0.036%) seeds migrated to the abdomen in six (2.2%) patients. Fifteen (0.078%) seeds migrated to the pelvis in 15 (5.6%) patients. Seed migration occurred predominantly within two weeks after seed implantation. None of the 66 patients had symptoms related to the migrated seeds. Postimplant prostate D90 was not significantly different between patients with and without seed migration. We showed the incidence of seed migration to the chest, abdomen and pelvis. Seed migration did not have a significant effect on postimplant prostate D90

Labeling Lanreotide with 125I and 188Re. China

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bai Hongsheng

2000-01-01

Lanreotide (D-β-Nal-Cys-Try-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys-Thr-NH2) is a new somatostatin analogue. It can bind to human somatostatin receptor (hSSTR) subtype 2 through 5 with high affinity and to hSSTR subtype 1 with low affinity. We investigate labeling condition, quality control and stability in vitro of 125 I-Lanreotide and 188 Re-lanreotide respectively. (A) Lanreotide is labeled with 125 I using Chloramine T. The effect of reaction condition (such as reaction time, pH value, Lanreotide amount, quantity of Chloramine T and reaction volume) on labeling yield is investigated in detail. (B) The labeling yield and radiochemical purity (RP) is measured with paper chromatography (PC) and Sep-Pak C 18 Cartridge. For PC method, 125 I-Lanreotide is spotted on the Whatman No.1 paper and developed in the mixture of CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH and CH 3 CH 2 OH and NH 4 OH (v/v/v=5:2:1), the Rf value of every component in the mobile phase is given in table 1. For Sep-Pak C 18 Cartridge methods each cartridge is washed with 10 ml of ethanol followed by 10 ml of iso-CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH solution. Aliquots of 0.1 mI sample is loaded onto the cartridge, unbound peptide (sodium iodine-125) is eluted with 5 ml of 0.5mol/L sodium acetate solution, 125 I-Lanreotide is eluted with 5 mI of 95% aqueous ethanol solution. (C) The stability of 125 I-Lanreotide in vitro is investigated by labeling compound incubating for 48 hours at 37 deg. C in the 0.9% sodium chloride solution and RP is tested by PC at specific time intervals. (D) Lanreotide is labeled directly with 188 Re via the mixture of citrate and tartate using stannous chloride as reduced agent. The influence of reaction conditions such as pH, temperature, amount of stannous chloride, amount of Lanreotide and reaction time on labeling yield is investigated in detail. At the time, the stability in vitro quality control and animal test are evaluated

Biologically effective dose (BED) for interstitial seed implants containing a mixture of radionuclides with different half-lives

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Zhe; Nath, Ravinder

2003-01-01

Purpose: To develop a tool for evaluating interstitial seed implants that contain a mixture of radionuclides with different half-lives and to demonstrate its utility by examining the clinical implications of prescribing to an isodose surface for such an implant. Methods and Materials: A linear-quadratic model for continuous low dose rate irradiation was developed for permanent implants containing a mixture of radionuclides. Using a generalized equation for the biologically effective dose (BED), the effects of cell proliferation and sublethal damage repair were examined systematically for implants containing a mixture of radionuclides. A head-and-neck permanent seed implant that contained a mixture of 125 I and 103 Pd seeds was used to demonstrate the utility of the generalized BED. Results: An equation of BED for implants containing a mixture of radionuclides with different half-lives was obtained. In such an implant, the effective cell kill was shown to depend strongly on the relative dose contributions from each radionuclide type; dose delivered by radionuclides with shorter half-life always resulted in more cell kill for any given sublethal damage repair and cell proliferation rates. Application of the BED formula to an implant containing a mixture of 125 I and 103 Pd seeds demonstrates that the conventional dose prescription to an isodose surface is not unique for such an implant. When the prescription dose was based on existing clinical experience of using 125 I seeds alone, mixing 103 Pd seeds with 125 I seeds would increase the cell kill. On the other hand, if the prescription dose were based on existing clinical experience of using 103 Pd seeds alone, mixing 125 I seeds with 103 Pd seeds in the same implant would create radiobiologically 'cold' spots (i.e., an increase in cell survival) at locations where a major portion of the prescription dose is contributed by the 125 I seeds. For fast-growing tumors, these 'cold' spots can become significant

Study on preparation and brain distribution of 125I-β-CIT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Xingdang; Lin Xiangtong

2002-01-01

Objective: To develop a relatively simpler and faster method for the routine preparation of 125 I-β-CIT and animal brain distribution of 125 I-β-CIT. Methods: Peracetic acid or Iodogen as an oxidant was used to prepare 125 I-β-CIT and comparison was made between them. The HPLC purification technique was used to identify the labeled tracer. Stability and safety of the radioiodinated β-CIT were also studied. Groups of mice (n=5) were injected i.v. into the tail vein with 125 I-β-CIT . Animals were killed at 5, 15, 30 and 45 minutes, and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours. Autoradiography was performed on brains of mice at 4 hours after injection. Results: Two kinds of labeling methods using Iodogen or peracetic acid produced 125 I-β-CIT of radiochemical yields 91.10% ± 8.09%, 54.70 ± 9.81% respectively, with high radiochemical purity (RCP) 99.33% ± 0.15%, 18-25 degree C and pH 1 or 2 is the best for Iodogen preparation. The labeled product was stable for at least 23 days when kept in room temperature, and stable for at least 10 weeks when kept in -4 degree C refrigerator. The peak time of uptake of 125 I-β-CIT in striatum was at four hours after injection and the highest value was 22.93% ± 3.11% ID/g. It's highest uptake rate is 20.09 ± 2.11. Conclusions: The Iodogen preparation method is simpler and has a higher labeling yield than peracetic acid labeling method and the labeling yield is higher than which ever reported abroad. The labeled radiopharmaceutical is stable. 125 I-β-CIT showed the highest accumulation in striatum with high densities of dopamine transporters in brain

Use of brachytherapy with permanent implants of iodine-125 in localized prostate cancer; La curietherapie par implants permanents d'I-125 dans le cancer localise de la prostate

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bladou, F.; Serment, G. [Hopital Salvador, Service d' Urologie, 13 - Marseille (France); Salem, N.; Simonian, M. [Hopital Salvador, Dept. de Radiotherapie, 13 - Marseille (France); Rosello, R.; Ternier, F. [Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Dept. de Radiologie, 13 - Marseille (France)

2002-07-01

Approximately 15,000 cases of early stage prostate cancer T1 and T2 are diagnosed every year in France by testing for PSA and performing prostatic biopsies. The treatment of these localized forms is based in most cases on radical prostatectomy or nn external beam radiotherapy. Although the ontological results obtained by these two therapeutic methods are satisfactory and equivalent in the long term, the side effects can be important. For a number of years, trans-perineal brachytherapy using permanent implants of iodine -125 or palladium-103 has proved itself as an alternative therapy with equivalent medium to long-term results. The low urinary, digestive and sexual side effects of prostate brachytherapy are important reasons for the enthusiasm among patients and the medical community for this therapy and the growing number of applications and centres which practice it. In September 1998 we started the prostate brachytherapy programmes- in Marseilles with close collaboration between the department of urology of the Hopital Salvator, and the departments of radiotherapy, medical imaging and medical physics of the Institut Paoli-Calmettes. To date, around 250 patients with localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate have benefited from this alternative therapy in our centre. Preliminary results, with a 3 year-follow-up, are comparable to results published in the literature by pioneer teams. (authors)

Synthesis of [125I]iodoDPA-713: A new probe for imaging inflammation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Haofan; Pullambhatla, Mrudula; Guilarte, Tomas R.; Mease, Ronnie C.; Pomper, Martin G.

2009-01-01

[ 125 I]IodoDPA-713 [ 125 I]1, which targets the translocator protein (TSPO, 18 kDa), was synthesized in seven steps from methyl-4-methoxybenzoate as a tool for quantification of inflammation in preclinical models. Preliminary in vitro autoradiography and in vivo small animal imaging were performed using [ 125 I]1 in a neurotoxicant-treated rat and in a murine model of lung inflammation, respectively. The radiochemical yield of [ 125 I]1 was 44 ± 6% with a specific radioactivity of 51.8 GBq/μmol (1400 mCi/μmol) and >99% radiochemical purity. Preliminary studies showed that [ 125 I]1 demonstrated increased specific binding to TSPO in a neurotoxicant-treated rat and increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in the lungs of an experimental inflammation model of lung inflammation. Compound [ 125 I]1 is a new, convenient probe for preclinical studies of TSPO activity.

Labeling Lanreotide with 125I and 188Re

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bai Hongsheng

2000-01-01

Lanreotide is a new somatostatin analogue. It can bind to human somatostatin receptor (hSSTR) subtype 2 through 5 with high affinity and to hSSTR subtype I with low affinity. We investigate labeling condition, quality control and stability in vitro of 125 I-Lanreotide and 188 Re-lanreotide respectively. (A) Lanreotide is labeled with 125 I using Chloramine T. The effect of reaction condition (such as reaction time, pH value, Lanreotide amount, quantity of Chloramine T and reaction volume) on labeling yield is investigated in detail. (B) The labeling yield and radiochemical purity (RP) is measured with paper chromatography (PC) and Sep-Pak C 18 Cartridge. (C) The stability of 125 I-Lanreotide in vitro is investigated by labeling compound incubating for 48 hours at 37 deg C in the 0.9% sodium chloride solution and RP is tested by PC at specific time intervals. (D) Lanreotide is labeled directly with 188 Re via the mixture of citrate and tartate using stannous chloride as reduced agent. The influence of reaction conditions such as pH, temperature, amount of stannous chloride, amount of Lanreotide and reaction time on labeling yield is investigated in detail. At the time, the stability in vitro quality control and animal test are evaluated

Retention of albumin labelled with I-125 in the bio mineral hydroxyapatite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Badillo A, V.E.; Bugarin C, A.; Monroy G, F.

2003-01-01

The demands of materials for the health in the entire world, especially of the odontological and traumatological sectors make every time to be but studied the hydroxyapatite (HAP) and their biocompatibility with the alive beings. The hydroxyapatite is considered as one of the inorganic exchangers by excellence, for what the fixation of ions and molecules have been widely studied and at the moment it is one of the materials of greater acceptance like implant. The surface of the material of implant is in intimate contact with the live tissue and its biocompatibility is determined in great measure by those surface properties of the bio material, which have a direct effect in the cellular response of the material. After administering the implant, the proteins are immediately adsorbed in the surface of the bio mineral. Specifically, the proteins of the blood are considered as key pieces to determine the acceptance of implants in alive beings. The adsorption of proteins it depends on the physicochemical properties of the material as well as of the environment composition. The surface properties of the HAP are relevant in the adsorption mechanisms of the proteins. In this work, it is reported the adsorption of the labelled with I-125 albumin protein and in function of two important physicochemical parameters: the pH value of the of the solution and the chemical nature of the solution; to see the influence of this last, its were studied three electrolytes NaF, NaCl and NaH 2 PO 4 . The existence of the active sites of hydroxyapatite surface, it is key piece in the interpretation of the fixation of the albumin protein in function also of their acid-base properties. (Author)

Timber salvage economics

Science.gov (United States)

Jeffrey P. Prestemon; Thomas P. Holmes

2008-01-01

Timber salvage is commonly done following natural disturbances, to recover some value from damaged forests. Decision making about salvage, however, is affected by ownership objectives, the nature of the damage agent, site factors, and the strength of the local timber market. For profit-maximizing landowners, salvage decisions must balance the cost of harvesting...

Inhibition effects of {sup 125}I-triplex forming oligonucleotide to hepatoma cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhongwei, Lv; Min, Hou; Haidong, Cai; Xueyu, Yuan; Yuehua, Yang; Shidong, Yuan [Department of Nuclear Medicine, 10th People' s Hospital, Tongji Univ., Shanghai (China); Junmin, He

2007-08-15

Objective: Triplex forming oligonucleotide (TFO) has been reported as a new antigene strategy. The purpose of this study was to observe the inhibition effects of {sup 125}I-TFO on hepatoma cells and to investigate the possibility of using {sup 125}I-TFO as an antigene radiotherapy technique for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related to HBV. Methods: TFO complementary to the initiator of S gene of HBV was synthesized and labeled with {sup 125}I. HepG2.2.15 cells, in which HBV genome was integrated, were incubated with {sup 125}I-TFO, TFO and {sup 125}I respectively. After incubation, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) of each group were assayed with ELISA and the survival rate of cells in each group was determined with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylte-trazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. Results: {sup 125}I-TFO showed a high stability with a radiolabeling rate of >93%. The radiochemical purity of labeled compound was 90.8%, 81.1% and 73.2% respectively after 12, 48 and 72 h at 37 degree C. The peak inhibition effect of {sup 125}I-TFO on synthesizing HBsAg and HBeAg by HepG2.2.15 cells were found at 48 h after transfection, with significantly the highest inhibition rate of 45.2% for HBsAg and 74.5% for HBeAg expression among the three groups(P<0.01 ). As the transfection time prolonged its inhibition effects were stronger. Conclusion: {sup 125}I-TFO may inhibit the antigen expression of HBV and the growth of hepatocarcinoma cells, thus it may provide a new approach to develop gene-based radiotherapeutic pharmaceuticals for anti-HBV and HCC. (authors)

Salvage robotic radical prostatectomy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samuel D Kaffenberger

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Failure of non-surgical primary treatment for localized prostate cancer is a common occurrence, with rates of disease recurrence ranging from 20% to 60%. In a large proportion of patients, disease recurrence is clinically localized and therefore potentially curable. Unfortunately, due to the complex and potentially morbid nature of salvage treatment, radical salvage surgery is uncommonly performed. In an attempt to decrease the morbidity of salvage therapy without sacrificing oncologic efficacy, a number of experienced centers have utilized robotic assistance to perform minimally invasive salvage radical prostatectomy. Herein, we critically evaluate the existing literature on salvage robotic radical prostatectomy with a focus on patient selection, perioperative complications and functional and early oncologic outcomes. These results are compared with contemporary and historical open salvage radical prostatectomy series and supplemented with insights we have gained from our experience with salvage robotic radical prostatectomy. The body of evidence by which conclusions regarding the efficacy and safety of robotic salvage radical prostatectomy can be drawn comprises fewer than 200 patients with limited follow-up. Preliminary results are promising and some outcomes have been favorable when compared with contemporary open salvage prostatectomy series. Advantages of the robotic platform in the performance of salvage radical prostatectomy include decreased blood loss, short length of stay and improved visualization. Greater experience is required to confirm the long-term oncologic efficacy and functional outcomes as well as the generalizability of results achieved at experienced centers.

Sensitive radioimmunoassay for somatostatin using N-(/sup 125/I)-tyr-somatostatin as labelled antigen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dupont, A [CHUL, Quebec (Canada). Lab. of Molecular Endocrinology and Service of Gastro-Enterology; Coy, D H; Alvarado-Urbina, G; Cote, J; Meyers, C A; McManus, J; Barden, N; De Lean, A; Labrie, F

1979-01-01

A sensitive radioimmunoassay for somatostatin using N-(/sup 125/I)-Tyr-somatostatin is described and compared with using (/sup 125/I)-Tyr/sup 1/-somatostatin. The minimum detectable amount of somatostatin using N-(/sup 125/I)-Tyr-somatostatin as tracer was 0.1 to 0.5 pg, which is approximately 10-fold lower detection limit of the RIA using (/sup 125/I)-Tyr/sup 1/-somatostatin. Moreover, it was found that the shelf-life of N-(/sup 125/I)-Tyr-somatostatin was prolonged in comparison with labelled Tyr/sup 1/-somatostatin. Human pancreatic and gastric extracts displayed immunological similarity to synthetic somatostatin tetradecapeptide.

Dosimetry study of [I-131] and [I-125]- meta-iodobenz guanidine in a simulating model for neuroblastoma metastasis.

Science.gov (United States)

Roa, W H; Yaremko, B; McEwan, A; Amanie, J; Yee, D; Cho, J; McQuarrie, S; Riauka, T; Sloboda, R; Wiebe, L; Loebenberg, R; Janicki, C

2013-02-01

The physical properties of I-131 may be suboptimal for the delivery of therapeutic radiation to bone marrow metastases, which are common in the natural history of neuroblastoma. In vitro and preliminary clinical studies have implied improved efficacy of I-125 relative to I-131 in certain clinical situations, although areas of uncertainty remain regarding intratumoral dosimetry. This prompted our study using human neuroblastoma multicellular spheroids as a model of metastasis. 3D dose calculations were made using voxel-based Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry (MIRD) and dose-point-kernel (DPK) techniques. Dose distributions for I-131 and I-125 labeled mIBG were calculated for spheroids (metastases) of various sizes from 0.01 cm to 3 cm diameter, and the relative dose delivered to the tumors was compared for the same limiting dose to the bone marrow. Based on the same data, arguments were advanced based upon the principles of tumor control probability (TCP) to emphasize the potential theoretical utility of I-125 over I-131 in specific clinical situations. I-125-mIBG can deliver a higher and more uniform dose to tumors compared to I-131 mIBG without increasing the dose to the bone marrow. Depending on the tumor size and biological half-life, the relative dose to tumors of less than 1 mm diameter can increase several-fold. TCP calculations indicate that tumor control increases with increasing administered activity, and that I-125 is more effective than I-131 for tumor diameters of 0.01 cm or less. This study suggests that I-125-mIBG is dosimetrically superior to I-131-mIBG therapy for small bone marrow metastases from neuroblastoma. It is logical to consider adding I-125-mIBG to I-131-mIBG in multi-modality therapy as these two isotopes could be complementary in terms of their cumulative dosimetry.

{sup 125}I brachytherapy in younger prostate cancer patients. Outcomes in low- and intermediate-risk disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kindts, Isabelle; Stellamans, Karin; Lambrecht, Antoon [AZ Groeninge Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Kortrijk (Belgium); Billiet, Ignace [AZ Groeninge Hospital, Department of Urology, Kortrijk (Belgium); Pottel, Hans [Catholic University Leuven Kulak, Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kortrijk (Belgium)

2017-09-15

To evaluate local recurrence in younger men treated with low-dose-rate (LDR) {sup 125}I brachytherapy (BT) for localized prostate cancer. A total of 192 patients (≤65-years-old) were treated with LDR {sup 125}I-BT ± hormone therapy. Local failure was defined as any prostate-specific antigen (PSA) rise leading to salvage treatment or biochemical failure according to the Phoenix definition. A bounce was defined as a rise in the nadir of ≥0.2 ng/mL followed by spontaneous return. Proportions were compared using Fisher's exact tests; continuous variables using the unpaired t-test or its non-parametric equivalent. Cox proportional hazards models were applied for multivariable survival analysis. Median follow-up was 66 months. The 5-year local recurrence-free survival was 96.1%. Biopsy-proven local recurrence developed in 13 patients, 4 had a Phoenix-defined recurrence at the last follow-up. Androgen deprivation therapy was started in 1 patient without proven recurrence. Univariable risk factors for local recurrence were: at least 50% positive biopsies, intermediate risk, treatment with neoadjuvant hormone therapy, low preimplantation volume receiving 100% of the prescribed dose, and no bounce development. Hormone-naive patients not attaining a PSA value <0.5 ng/mL during follow-up also had a higher risk of local recurrences. Cox regression demonstrated that the variables ''at least 50% positive biopsies'' and ''bounce'' significantly impacted local failure (hazard ratio, HR 1.02 and 11.59, respectively). A bounce developed in 70 patients (36%). Younger patients and those treated with a lower activity per volume had a higher chance of developing a bounce in the Cox model (HR 0.99 and 0.04, respectively). For younger men, LDR BT is a valid primary curative treatment option in low-risk and is to consider in intermediate-risk localized prostate cancer. (orig.) [German] Bestimmung der Lokalrezidivrate bei juengeren Patienten

The relative biological effectiveness of I-125 and Pd-103

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ling, C. Clifton; Li, William X.; Anderson, Lowell L.

1995-01-01

Purpose: To determine the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of I-125 and Pd-103 relative to Co-60. Methods and Materials: A cell line REC:ras, derived from rat embryo cells, was used. Cells in exponential or plateau phase were irradiated at dose rates of about 0.07 Gy/h and 0.14 Gy/h. To circumvent the interface effect, cells were grown and irradiated on membranes made of cellulose acetate, which has an effective Z of 7.5. I-125 and Pd-103 seeds were placed in a custom designed template that yielded a homogeneous dose distribution in the plane of the cell culture. The dose rates of irradiation were measured by calibrated thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) chips. Results and Conclusions: Our measurements yielded an RBE of about 1.4 for I-125 at dose rates of about 0.07 Gy/h, and an RBE of about 1.9 for Pd-103 at dose rates of about 0.07 Gy/h and 0.14 Gy/h. The RBE of I-125 is similar to those measured by other investigators, the RBE for Pd-103 is being reported for the first time

The preparation of 125I-β-CIT and its biological distribution in animal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun Wenshan; Liu Zhenguo; Shen Minghua; Qian Juan; Li Peiyong; Zhu Chengmo; Chen Shengdi

2000-01-01

Objective: To prepare and label the 125 I-β-CIT and study its biological distribution in animal. Methods: 125 I-β-CIT was prepared by the peracetic acid method and the chloramine-T method, and dopamine transporter (DAT) binding properties of 125 I-β-CIT were examined by in vivo biodistribution and inhibition studies in mice and whole body autoradiography in rats. Results: The radiolabelling yields of the peracetic acid and the chloramine-T methods were (53.4 +- 7.9)% and (88.4 +- 3.49)%, respectively. Following intravenous injection in mice, 125 I-β-CIT showed high accumulation in striatum, time to peak level uptake was 2 h after injection. GBR12909 significantly inhibited 125 I-β-CIT binding in striatum, while clomipramine significantly inhibited 125 I-β-CIT binding in hippocampus and cerebral cortex. The rat whole body autoradiography showed that the clearance of the tracer occurred through the hepatobiliary route. Conclusions: The results indicate β-CIT is an agent suitable for DAT imaging and can be used for the study of Parkinson's disease

Treatment and Prognosis of Isolated Local Relapse after Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Clinical Stage I Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Importance of Salvage Surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Hamaji, Masatsugu; Chen, Fengshi; Matsuo, Yukinori; Ueki, Nami; Hiraoka, Masahiro; Date, Hiroshi

2015-11-01

Many efforts have been made to detect local relapse (LR) in the follow-up after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) although limited data are available on its treatment and prognosis. We aimed to characterize treatment options and clarify long-term outcomes of isolated LR after SBRT for patients with clinical stage I NSCLC. We reviewed our institutional database in search of patients with isolated LR after SBRT for clinical stage I NSCLC at our institution between 1999 and 2013. Patient characteristics were compared with Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 test, or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. Survival outcomes were estimated with Kaplan-Meier method. Potential prognostic factors were investigated using Cox proportional hazard model. Of 308 patients undergoing SBRT for clinical stage I NSCLC, 49 patients were identified to have isolated LR. Twelve patients underwent salvage surgery, none underwent radiotherapy, and eight patients received chemotherapy, whereas 29 patients received best supportive care. No patient characteristic except operability was significantly related with patient selection for LR treatments. Five-year overall survival (OS) rate of the whole cohort was 47.9% from SBRT and 25.7% from LR. Salvage surgery was associated with improved OS after LR (p = 0.014), and 5-year OS for patients undergoing salvage surgery was 79.5% from LR. It was confirmed that our patient selection for salvage surgery for isolated LR was associated with favorable survival outcomes. Operability based on multidisciplinary conferences, rather than measurable patient characteristics, is essential for appropriate patient selection for salvage surgery.

Report of a minor 125I exposure in a research laboratory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lambert, J.P.

1981-01-01

In routine thyroid scanning of personnel whose work involved the use of 125 I in biological research, it was discovered that an individual who had been iodinating proteins periodically for over 6 months showed a high thyroid count rate. It was decided to monitor the individual's thyroid weekly and to curtail his work in the laboratory until the cause of the thyroid uptake could be determined. Initially the 125 I concentration in his thyroid decreased as expected but a subsequent scan on the 21st day showed an 125 I concentration even greater than the initial level despite his absence from the laboratory. However on monitoring his office space, it was discovered that a felt pen was grossly contaminated and that the individual habitually put the pen in his mouth during moments of cogitation. It was concluded that a contaminated glove had transferred some 125 I to the pen during the course of the experiment. (U.K.)

Study of o-125I-benzoate excretion mechanisms in the rabbit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Richter, R.; Laznicek, M.; Kvetina, J.; Laznickova, A.

1990-01-01

An analysis of the mechanisms of renal clearance of o- 125 I-benzoate in the rabbit based on the inhibition of the secretory transport by probenecid showed that o- 125 I-benzoate was eliminated in the kidneys not only by glomerular filtration but also by tubular secretion. The total amount of the drug excreted in the urine was affected by tubular resorption (apparently by the process of passive diffusion), which exceeded tubular secretion. A comparison of the chromatograms of the plasma and the urine before and after the competitive inhibition of the tubular active transport by probenecid revealed a higher amount of o- 125 I-benzoylglucuronide in the urine in the case of inhibition. The results suggest that the kidneys participated in the total biotransformation of o- 125 I-benzoate. The excretion of the original drug and metabolites in the bile contributed less than 1% to the total clearance in rabbits. (author). 3 figs., 3 tabs., 10 refs

Pharmacokinetics and organ distribution of 125I-aprindine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Becker, H.

1981-01-01

An attempt was made to label aprindine hydrochloride with I-125 by means of an exchange reaction. Organ distribution was determined in 10 rats where radioactivity was measured in the lung, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, brain, transverse muscle tissue and bone sections 5, 10, 30 and 60 min following i.v. injection. The high organ concentration was found in the lung, and also the maximum ratio organ: blood radioactivity was found for this organ. Whole body activity measurements revealed a half-life of nearly 6 hr. Excretion occurred primarily via the faeces. The pharmacokinetic properties of 14 C- and 125 I-aprindine hydrochloride do not therefore differ significantly. A whole body scintiscanning was carried out on an additional 12 rats and 6 rabbits. This revealed a marked enrichment in the lung compared to other organs in the time period 5 to 10 min. An image of relatively good quality was obtained compared to that of conventional perfusion scintiscanning with 131 I-HSA. It is assumed that 125 I-aprindine hydrochloride is concentrated in the lung parenchyma and is therefore largely unaffected by the immediate perfusion conditions. This is also confirmed in preliminary studies with 131 I-aprindine in the scintiscanning of rabbits where voids of pneumonia activity are shown in the aprindine scintigram whereas with the perfusion method these are not. As expected, the reverse was shown to be true following experimental pulmonary embolism where voids were seen in the perfusion scintigram whilst the 131 I-aprindine scintigram revealed hardly any areas of drops in activity. These properties possibly offer an improved diagnostic procedure for differentiating between pneumonia and lung infarct by combination with perfusion scintiscanning. (orig./MG) [de

Binding of in vivo administrated 125-I-triiodothyronine by the rat liver mitochondria

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fiedorowicz, K.; Nauman, A.; Nauman, J.

1979-01-01

In vivo administrated 125 I-triiodothyronine ( 125 I-T 3 ) was bound by the rat liver mitochondria. About 10 % of hormone was bound with external mitochondrial membrane while the remaining part with matrix and inner mitochondrial membrane. The highest accumulation of 125 I-T 3 in mitochondria was observed 30 min after injection while in the whole liver homogenate the highest hormone accumulation appeared 15 min post injection. Mitochondrial binding sites have a great capacity for T 3 which makes impossible estimation of the kinetic parameters of triiodothyronine-mitochondrium interaction by means of saturation and displacement of 125 I-T 3 . (author)

Exclusive curietherapy by permanent iodine-125 implants: selection of patients and results after eight years; Curietherapie exclusive par implants permanents d'iode-125: selection des patients et resultats a huit ans

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boutenbat, G.; Peiffert, D.; Bernier, V.; Moreau, J.L.; Boudran, G.; Noel, A.; Marchesi, V.; Huget, S. [Centre Alexis Vautrin, 54 - Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy (France); Moreau, J.L. [Cabinet prive d' urologie, 54 - Nancy (France); Boudran, G. [Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brabois, 54 - Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy (France)

2010-10-15

The authors report a retrospective study which assesses the results obtained over eight years and the toxicity of an exclusive curietherapy by permanent iodine-125 implants performed at the Nancy centre of struggle against cancer. More than five hundred patients have been treated between December 1999 and December 2007, a first group comprising patients suffering from a low risk cancer and a second group suffering from a medium risk cancer. The authors discuss the survival rates, the existence of side effects, and rectal toxicity results. Short communication

Synthesis, in vitro pharmacologic characterization, and preclinical evaluation of N-[2-(1'-piperidinyl)ethyl]-3-[125I]iodo-4-methoxybenzamide (P[125I]MBA) for imaging breast cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

John, Christy S.; Bowen, Wayne D.; Fisher, Susan J.; Lim, Benjamin B.; Geyer, Brian C.; Vilner, Bertold J.; Wahl, Richard L.

1999-01-01

The goal of this study was to investigate the potential use of a radioiodinated benzamide, N-[2-(1'-piperidinyl)ethyl]-3-iodo[ 125 I]-4-methoxybenzamide (P[ 125 I]MBA), a sigma receptor binding radioligand for imaging breast cancer. The chemical and radiochemical syntheses of PIMBA are described. The pharmacological evaluation of PIMBA was carried out for sigma-1 and sigma-2 receptor sites. The in vivo pharmacokinetics of the radioiodinated benzamide were determined in rats and comparison of P[ 125 I]MBA with Tc-99m sestamibi were made in a rat mammary tumor model. Sigma-1 affinity (K i ) for PIMBA in guinea pig brain membranes using [ 3 H](+)pentazocine was found to be 11.82±0.68 nM, whereas sigma-2 affinity in rat liver using [ 3 H]DTG (1,3-o-di-tolylguanidine) was 206±11 nM. Sites in guinea pig brain membranes labeled by P[ 125 I]MBA showed high affinity for haloperidol, (+)-pentazocine, BD1008, and PIMBA ( K i =4.87±1.49,8.81±1.97,0.057±0.005,46.9±1.8 nM, respectively). Competition binding studies were carried out in human ductal breast carcinoma cells (T47D). A dose-dependent inhibition of specific binding was observed with several sigma ligands. K i values for the inhibition of P[ 125 I]MBA binding in T47D cells for haloperidol, N-[2-(1'-piperidinyl)]ethyl]4-iodobenzamide (IPAB), N-(N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-4-iodobenzamide (4-IBP), and PIMBA were found to be 1.30±0.07, 13±1.5, 5.19±2.3, 1.06±0.5 nM, respectively. The in vitro binding data in guinea pig brain membranes and breast cancer cells confirmed binding to sigma sites. The saturation binding of P[ 125 I]MBA in T47D cells as studied by Scatchard analysis showed saturable binding, with a K d =94±7 nM and a B max =2035±305 fmol/mg of proteins. Biodistribution studies in Sprague-Dawley rats showed a rapid clearance of P[ 125 I]MBA from the normal organs. The potential of PIMBA in imaging breast cancer was evaluated in Lewis rats bearing syngeneic RMT breast cancers, a cancer that closely mimics

(E)-[125I]-5-AOIBV: a SPECT radioligand for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Emond, Patrick; Mavel, Sylvie; Zea-Ponce, Yolanda; Kassiou, Michael; Garreau, Lucette; Bodard, Sylvie; Drossard, Marie-Laure; Chalon, Sylvie; Guilloteau, Denis

2007-01-01

The premise that, over the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD), changes in the levels of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) occur in parallel with changes to other cholinergic marker proteins provides the basis for the applicability of benzovesamicol derivatives as radioligands for AD studies by single photon emission computed tomography or positron emission tomography. We report the synthesis of enantiopure benzovesamicol derivatives: (R,R) or (S,S)-(E)-2-hydroxy-5-(3-iodoprop-2-en-1-oxy)-3- (4-phenylpiperidino)tetralin [(R,R)-AOIBV: K d =0.45 nM or (S,S)-5-AOIBV: K d =4.3 nM] and their corresponding tributyltin precursors for radioiodination. (R,R or S,S)-5-AOIBV was labeled with iodine-125 from their corresponding n-tributyltin precursors. Both compounds were obtained with radiochemical and optical purity greater than 97% and in radiochemical yields ranging 34-36%. To determine if these compounds could provide an advantage when compared to [ 125 I]-iodo benzovesamicol (IBVM), IBVM was also labeled and used as the reference compound in all ex vivo experiments. Ex vivo biodistribution experiments in rats revealed that [ 125 I]-(R,R)-5-AOIBV displayed the most suitable pharmacological profile as the radioactivity distribution corresponded well with the known VAChT brain density. Moreover, pre-injection of vesamicol prevented the uptake of [ 125 I]-(R,R)-5-AOIBV in striatum, cortex and hippocampus, demonstrating selectivity for the VAChT. However, even if time activity curves of [ 125 I]-(R,R)-5-AOIBV confirmed that this compound could be used to visualize the VAChT in vivo, at each point of the kinetic study, [ 125 I]-(R,R)-5-AOIBV showed a lower specific binding compared to [ 125 I]-IBVM. These results made [ 125 I]-( R,R)-5-AOIBV inferior to [ 125 I]-IBVM for the VAChT exploration in vivo

Synthesis and binding characteristics of N-(1-naphthyl)-N'-(3-[{sup 125}I]-iodophenyl)-N'-methylguanidine ([{sup 125}I]-CNS 1261): a potential SPECT agent for imaging NMDA receptor activation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Owens, Jonathan E-mail: j.owens@clinmed.gla.ac.uk; Tebbutt, Andrew A.; McGregor, Ailsa L.; Kodama, K.; Magar, Sharad S.; Perlman, Michael E.; Robins, David J.; Durant, Graham J.; McCulloch, James

2000-06-01

N-(1-Naphthyl)-N'-(3-[{sup 125}I]-iodophenyl)-N'-methylguanidine ([{sup 125}I]-CNS 1261) was synthesized as a potential radioligand to image N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation. [{sup 125}I]-CNS 1261 was prepared by radioiodination of N-(1-naphthyl)-N'-(3-tributylstannylphenyl)-N'-methylguanidine using Na{sup 125}I and peracetic acid. [{sup 125}I]-CNS 1261 uptake in vivo reflected NMDA receptor distribution in normal rat brain, whereas in ischemic rat brain, uptake was markedly increased in areas of NMDA receptor activation. Radiolabeled CNS 1261 appears to be a good candidate for further development as a single photon emission computed tomography tracer in the investigation of NMDA receptor activation in cerebral ischemia.

Cytotoxic effects of 125I-labeled PBZr ligand PK 11195 in prostatic tumor cells: therapeutic implications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alenfall, J.; Kant, R.; Batra, S.

1998-01-01

The effect of [ 125 I]PK 11195 was examined in human prostatic tumor cells (DU 145) in culture and compared with Na[ 125 I] and non-radioactive PK 11195. [ 125 I]PK 11195 was clearly cytocidal. The data for dose-related cell survival with [ 125 I]PK 11195 showed a linear relationship. Na[ 125 I] or non-labeled PK 11195 at similar concentrations did not lead to any cell killing. The uptake of [ 125 I]PK 11195 and [ 3 H]PK 11195 in cells was very similar. Fragmentation of DNA measured by agarose gel electrophoresis showed that exposure of DU 145 cells to [ 125 I]PK 11195 for 1, 4 or 24 h caused no fragmentation. These results indicate that nuclear DNA is not the prime binding site for [ 125 I]PK 11195, which is consistent with the presence of specific peripheral benzodiazepine receptors (PBZr) in the mitochondria. The cell killing effect of [ 125 I]PK 11195 suggests the use of PBZr ligand for radiotherapy

Substitution of 125-I-T3, 125-I-T4 and 125-I-TSH produced in the ININ, in commercial boxes for radioimmunoessay; Substitucion de 125-I-T3, 125-I-T4 y 125-I-TSH producidas en el ININ, en estuches comerciales para radioinmunoanalisis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Delgado S, B; Zambrano A, F; Lavalley E, C; Ferro F, G; Lezama C, J

1991-03-15

Due to the half, relatively short life, of the I-125 used in the radioinmunoanalisis (he/she LAUGHS) of hormones realcionadas with the thyroid, frequently it is observed that they are the other reagents of commercial cases without using, reason for the one which you piede the possibility to use in their entirety statements kits for the CREEK, what causes lost economic and another type of deficiencies. Presently work the results are presented obtained on the characteristics of quality of commercial stuches for the CREEK of hormones of the thyroid profile (T3, T4 and TSH), after substituting to the different radiotrazadores in this cases. The marcaje of the hormones with I-125 was made by means of the method of the cloramina T with 25 seconds of reaction for each hormone, purifying the T3 and the T4 for cromatografia liquidates of high efficiency and to the TSH for cromatografia of likeness in a column of cellulose microcristalina of 6 x 0.8 cm. the substitution of the radiotrazador is made in the commercial cases and the protocol was continued proposed by the makers, giving a coefficient of correlation of -0-997, as a result after the comparison of the straight line among the cases without and with substitution of the radiotrazador; besides certain parameters of quality of the such rehearsals as: the maximum unions (50%+-5) and inespecifica (<5%), slope of the straight line (-2.1 + - 0.2), and other coming from the use of samples of control of quality. We can conclude that at the moment we have in the ININ radiotrazadores of T3, T4 and TSH of good quality, like to be substituted in commercial cases and to use this way to the maximum these games of reagents that are so expensive. (Author)

CT-guided {sup 125}I brachytherapy for mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes recurrence from esophageal carcinoma: Effectiveness and safety in 16 patients

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gao, Fei, E-mail: gaof@sysucc.org.cn [State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060 (China); Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060 (China); Li, Chuanxing, E-mail: licx@sysucc.org.cn [State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060 (China); Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060 (China); Gu, Yangkui, E-mail: guyk@sysucc.org.cn [State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060 (China); Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060 (China); Huang, Jinhua, E-mail: huangjh@sysucc.org.cn [State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060 (China); Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060 (China); Wu, Peihong, E-mail: vivian-link@163.com [State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060 (China); Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060 (China)

2013-02-15

Objectives: To retrospectively evaluate effectiveness and safety of CT-guided {sup 125}I brachytherapy in 16 patients with mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes recurrence from esophageal carcinoma. Materials and methods: Sixteen metastatic lymph nodes in 16 patients were percutaneously treated in 19 {sup 125}I brachytherapy sessions. Each metastatic lymph node was treated with computed tomographic (CT) guidance. Follow-up contrast material-enhanced CT or positron emission tomographic (PET) scans were reviewed and the treatment's effectiveness was evaluated. Results: Months are counted from the first time of {sup 125}I brachytherapy and the median duration of follow-up was 11 months (range, 5–16 months). The local control rates after 3, 6, 10 and 15 months were 75.0, 50.0, 42.9 and 33.3% respectively. At the time of writing, four patients are alive without evidence of recurrence at 16, 9, 16 and 9 months. The 4 patients presented good control of local tumor and no systemic recurrence, and survived throughout the follow-up period. The other 12 patients died of multiple hematogenous metastases 5–15 months after brachytherapy. A small amount of local hematoma occurred in 2 patients that involved applicator insertion through the lung. Two patients presented pneumothorax with pulmonary compression of 30 and 40% after the procedure and recovered after drainage. One patient had minor displacement of radioactive seeds. Severe complications such as massive bleeding and radiation pneumonitis did not occur. Conclusion: {sup 125}I radioactive seed implantation is effective and may be safely applied to mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes recurrence from esophageal carcinoma.

Highly efficient method for 125I-radiolabeling of biomolecules using inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction.

Science.gov (United States)

Choi, Mi Hee; Shim, Ha Eun; Yun, Seong-Jae; Kim, Hye Rim; Mushtaq, Sajid; Lee, Chang Heon; Park, Sang Hyun; Choi, Dae Seong; Lee, Dong-Eun; Byun, Eui-Baek; Jang, Beom-Su; Jeon, Jongho

2016-04-19

In this report, we present a rapid and highly efficient method for radioactive iodine labeling of trans-cyclooctene group conjugated biomolecules using inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction. Radioiodination reaction of the tetrazine structure was carried out using the stannylated precursor 2 to give 125 I-labeled azide ([ 125 I]1) with high radiochemical yield (65±8%) and radiochemical purity (>99%). For radiolabeling application of [ 125 I]1, trans-cyclooctene derived cRGD peptide and human serum albumin were prepared. These substrated were reacted with [ 125 I]1 under mild condition to provide the radiolabeled products [ 125 I]6 and [ 125 I]8, respectively, with excellent radiochemical yields. The biodistribution study of [ 125 I]8 in normal ICR mice showed significantly lower thyroid uptake values than that of 125 I-labeled human serum albumin prepared by a traditional radiolabeling method. Therefore [ 125 I]8 will be a useful radiolabeled tracer in various molecular imaging and biological studies. Those results clearly demonstrate that [ 125 I]1 will be used as a valuable prosthetic group for radiolabeling of biomolecules. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Survival benefit of chemoembolization plus Iodine125 seed implantation in unresectable hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma with PVTT: a retrospective matched cohort study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huang, Mingsheng; Wang, Haofan; Chen, Junwei; Bai, Mingjun; Wang, Long; Zhu, Kangshun; Jiang, Zaibo; Guan, Shouhai; Li, Zhengran; Qian, Jiesheng; Li, Mingan; Pang, Pengfei; Shan, Hong [Sun Yat-sen University, Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou (China); Sun Yat-Sen University, Department of Interventional Radiology, Ling-nan Hospital, Guangzhou (China); Sun Yat-sen University, Interventional Radiology Institute, Guangzhou (China); Lin, Qu [Sun Yat-sen University, Department of Oncology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou (China)

2016-10-15

To investigate the survival benefit of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus Iodine125 seed implantation (TACE-Iodine125) in hepatitis B-related HCC patients with portal vein tumour thrombus (PVTT) and the underlying prognostic factors. A retrospective matched cohort study was performed on consecutive HCC patients with PVTT from January 2011 to June 2014. Seventy patients (TACE-Iodine125 group) who underwent TACE-Iodine125 were compared with a historical case-matched control group of 140 patients (TACE group) who received TACE alone. The survival of patients and the underlying prognostic factors were analysed. The median survival times of the TACE-Iodine125 and TACE groups were 11.0 and 7.5 months, respectively (p < 0.001). The survival probability at 12, 24, and 36 months was 50 %, 14.5 %, and 14.5 % vs. 25 %, 9 %, and 5 % in the TACE-Iodine125 and TACE groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The PVTT responders had better survival than the PVTT non-responders (p < 0.001). For the PVTT non-responders, there were no differences in the survival curves between the groups (p = 0.353). Multivariate analysis showed that type III PVTT (p < 0.001) and APS (p < 0.001) were independent predictors of poor prognosis. In contrast, the treatment modality of TACE-Iodine125 (p < 0.001) and PVTT response (p = 0.001) were favourable prognostic features. TACE combined with Iodine125 seed implantation may be a good choice for selected HB-HCC patients with PVTT. (orig.)

{sup 125}I-iomazenil-benzodiazepine receptor binding during psychological stress in rats

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fukumitsu, Nobuyoshi; Tsuchida, Daisuke; Ogi, Shigeyuki; Uchiyama, Mayuki; Mori, Yutaka [Jikei Univ., Tokyo (Japan). School of Medicine

2002-05-01

We investigated the changes in {sup 125}I-iomazenil ({sup 125}I-IMZ) benzodiazepine receptor (BZR) binding with psychological stress in a rat model. Six male Wistar rats were placed under psychological stress for 1 hour by using a communication box. No physical stress was not received. 1.85 MBq of {sup 125}I-IMZ was injected into the lateral tail vein and the rat was killed 3 hours later. Twenty-micormeter-thick sections of the brain were collected and % injected dose per body weight (% ID/BW) of eleven regions (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital cortices, caudate putamen, accumubens nuclei, globus pallidus, amygdala, thalamus, hippocampus and hypothalamus) were calculated by autoradiography. The %ID/BW of rats which were placed under psychological stress was compared with that of 6 control rats. The %ID/BW of rats which were placed under psychological stress diffusely tended to show a reduction in {sup 125}I-IMZ-BZR binding. A significant decrease in BZR binding was observed in the hippocampus of the rats which were placed under psychological stress. {sup 125}I-IMZ-BZR binding tended to decrease throughout the brain. (author)

Microchemical synthesis of the serotonin receptor ligand, 125I-LSD

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hartig, P.R.; Krohn, A.M.; Hirschman, S.A.

1985-01-01

The synthesis and properties of 2-[ 125 I]-lysergic acid diethylamide, the first 125 I-labeled serotonin receptor ligand, are described. A novel microsynthesis apparatus was developed for this synthesis. The apparatus employs a micromanipulator and glass micro tools to handle microliter to nanoliter volumes on a microscope stage. This apparatus should be generally useful for the synthesis of radioligands and other compounds when limited amounts of material must be handled in small volumes

Targeted radiotherapy of multicell neuroblastoma spheroids with high specific activity [125I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roa, Wilson H.Y.; Miller, Gerald G.; McEwan, Alexander J.B.; McQuarrie, Steve A.; Tse, Jeanie; Wu, Jonn; Wiebe, Leonard I.

1998-01-01

Purpose: Iodine-125 induces cell death by a mechanism similar to that of high linear energy transfer (high-LET) radiation. This study investigates the cytotoxicity of high-specific-activity [ 125 I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine ( 125 I-mIBG) in human SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells grown as three-dimensional multicellular spheroids. Materials and Methods: Spheroids were incubated with high-specific-activity 125 I-mIBG (6 mCi/μg, 1000 times that of the conventional specific activity used for autoradiography). Cytotoxicity was assessed by fluorescence viability markers and confocal microscopy for intact spheroids, fluorescence-activated cell sorting and clonogenic assay, and clonogenic assays for dispersed whole spheroids. Distribution of radioactive mIBG was determined by quantitative light-microscope autoradiography of spheroid cryostat sections. Dose estimation was based on temporal knowledge of the retained radioactivity inside spheroids, and of the radiolabel's emission characteristics. Findings were compared with those of spheroids treated under the same conditions with 131 I-mIBG, cold mIBG, and free iodine-125. Results: 125 I-mIBG exerted significant cell killing. Complete spheroids were eradicated when they were treated with 500 μCi of 125 I-mIBG, while those treated with 500 μCi or 1000 μCi of 131 I-mIBG were not. The observed difference in cytotoxicity between treatments with 125 I- and 131 I-mIBG could not be accounted for by the absorbed dose of spheroid alone. The peripheral, proliferating cell layer of the spheroids remained viable at the moderate radioactivity of 100 μCi for both isotopes. Cytotoxicity induced by 125 I-mIBG was quantitatively comparable by the peripheral rim thickness to that of 131 I-mIBG at the dose of 100 μCi. The peripheral rim thickness decreased most significantly in the first 17 hours after initial treatment. There was no statistical decrease in the rim thickness identified afterwards for the second, third, and fourth days of

Biodistribution analysis of 125I-albumin-IFN-alpha2b fusion protein in rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou Yaoyuan; Zhang Rongjun; Cai Gangming; Gu Xiaobo; Jiang Mengjun; Zhang Bo; Yang Min; Cao Guoxian; Yang Jianliang

2009-01-01

125 I-albumin-IFN-alpha2b was prepared with the methods of Ch-T and purified with PD-10 column. The radiochemical purity was measured with TCA (trichloroacetic acid) precipitation. The antiviral activities of 125 I-albumin-IFN-alpha2b and albumin-IFN-alpha2b were compared with WISH/VSV system in vitro. SD rats were injected with 125 I-albumin-IFN-alpha2b subcutaneously and sacrificed at 0.5, 2, 6, 24, 48, 90, 180 and 300 h post-injection. Selected organs were dissected, weighed and their radioactivity was measured using γ-counter. The accumulated radioactivity in the tissues was calculated in terms of percentage of injected dose per gram organ (%ID·g -1 ). The labeling yield was 82.72%. The radiochemical purity of 125 I-albumin-IFN-alpha2b was 95.53%, and its radioactivity was 0.26 MBq/μg. The antiviral bioactivities of albumin-IFN-alpha2b and 125 I-albumin- IFN-alpha2b did not change. Biodistribution analysis of 125 I-albumin-IFN-alpha2b in rats showed that concentrated 125 I-albumin-IFN-alpha2b in blood reached maximum at 6 h post injection, and eliminated slowly. No specific accumulation was seen in other tissues. 125 I-albumin-IFN-alpha2b could maintain in peripheral blood for a long time and it meant albumin-IFN-alpha2b would be an effective long-term interferon. (authors)

A Dose–Response Analysis of Biochemical Control Outcomes After {sup 125}I Monotherapy for Patients With Favorable-Risk Prostate Cancer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shiraishi, Yutaka, E-mail: shiraishi@rad.med.keio.ac.jp [Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo (Japan); Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo (Japan); Yorozu, Atsunori [Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo (Japan); Ohashi, Toshio [Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo (Japan); Toya, Kazuhito [Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo (Japan); Saito, Shiro; Nishiyama, Toru; Yagi, Yasuto [Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo (Japan); Shigematsu, Naoyuki [Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo (Japan)

2014-12-01

Purpose: To define the optimal dose for {sup 125}I prostate implants by correlating postimplantation dosimetry findings with biochemical failure and toxicity. Methods and Materials: Between 2003 and 2009, 683 patients with prostate cancer were treated with {sup 125}I prostate brachytherapy without supplemental external beam radiation therapy and were followed up for a median time of 80 months. Implant dose was defined as the D90 (the minimal dose received by 90% of the prostate) on postoperative day 1 and 1 month after implantation. Therefore, 2 dosimetric variables (day 1 D90 and day 30 D90) were analyzed for each patient. We investigated the dose effects on biochemical control and toxicity. Results: The 7-year biochemical failure-free survival (BFFS) rate for the group overall was 96.4% according to the Phoenix definition. A multivariate analysis found day 1 D90 and day 30 D90 to be the most significant factors affecting BFFS. The cutoff points for day 1 D90 and day 30 D90, calculated from ROC curves, were 163 Gy and 175 Gy, respectively. By use of univariate analysis, various dosimetric cutoff points for day 30 D90 were tested. We found that day 30 D90 cutoff points from 130 to 180 Gy appeared to be good for the entire cohort. Greater D90s were associated with an increase in late genitourinary or gastrointestinal toxicity ≥ grade 2, but the increase was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Improvements in BFFS rates were seen with increasing D90 levels. Day 30 D90 doses of 130 to 180 Gy were found to serve as cutoff levels. For low-risk and low-tier intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients, high prostate D90s, even with doses exceeding 180 Gy, achieve better treatment results and are feasible.

Chloroquine allows the secretion of internalized 125I-epidermal growth factor from fibroblasts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wakshull, E.; Cooper, J.L.; Wharton, W.

1985-01-01

Incubation of cells with labelled hormone in the presence of the lysosomotropic agent chloroquine produces an enhanced intracellular accumulation of hormone and receptor. Using a pulse-chase paradigm in which cell surface receptors were labelled with 125 I-EGF at 4 degrees C, it was found that when 100 microM chloroquine was present in the 37 degrees C chase medium intact hormone was accumulated in the medium. Without chloroquine, low molecular weight (mw) degradation products were found in the medium. The processes of receptor-mediated endocytosis and subcellular distribution of 125 I-EGF-receptor complexes were unchanged by chloroquine. The source of the intact hormone accumulating in the medium was therefore an intracellular compartment(s). The 125 I-EGF released from the cells could rebind to surface receptors and be re-internalized; rebinding was inhibited by unlabelled EGF or Concanavalin A in the incubation medium. The concentration of unlabelled EGF required to inhibit rebinding was more than three orders of magnitude greater than the amount of 125 I-EGF whose rebinding was inhibited. Thus, the 125 I-EGF released from intracellular sites was rebound preferentially over exogenous EGF. The possible pathways for secretion of intact 125 I-EGF and mechanisms of its preferential rebinding are discussed

Radioimmunoassay for etorphine in horses with a 125I analog of etorphine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tai, C.L.; Wang, C.; Weckman, T.J.; Popot, M.A.; Woods, W.E.; Yang, J.M.; Blake, J.; Tai, H.H.; Tobin, T.

1988-01-01

To improve the sensitivity and specificity of screening for etorphine in horses, an 125 I-labeled etorphine analog was synthesized and an antibody to etorphine was raised in rabbits. A radioimmunoassay (RIA) for etorphine was developed, using these reagents. Bound and free 125 I-labeled etorphine was separated by a double-antibody method that reduced interference from materials associated with equine urine. The 125 I-labeled etorphine binding was rarely greater than 250 pg of background etorphine equivalents/ml in raw urine and was 100 pg/ml in hydrolyzed urine. The 125 I-RIA was capable of detecting etorphine equivalents in urine above these background values. Etorphine equivalents were detected in equine urine samples for about 7 days after 4 mares were dosed with 0.22 microgram of etorphine/kg of body weight, IV. The stability of etorphine in urine from these mares was evaluated. Urine from these dosed mares was held in constant -20 C storage, and aliquots were repeatedly frozen and thawed. When analyzed for etorphine equivalents using an 125 I-RIA, etorphine and its metabolites in urine samples were stable for less than or equal to 38 days if continuously frozen and also were resistant to repeated freezing and thawing

Selective binding of 2-[125I]iodo-nisoxetine to norepinephrine transporters in the brain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kung, M.-P.; Choi, Seok-Rye; Hou, Catherine; Zhuang, Z.-P.; Foulon, Catherine; Kung, Hank F.

2004-01-01

A radioiodinated ligand, (R)-N-methyl-(2-[ 125 I]iodo-phenoxy)-3-phenylpropylamine, [ 125 I]2-INXT, targeting norepinephrine transporters (NET), was successfully prepared. A no-carrier-added product, [ 125 I]2-INXT, displayed a saturable binding with a high affinity (K d =0.06 nM) in the homogenates prepared from rat cortical tissues as well as from LLC-PK 1 cells expressing NET. A relatively low number of binding sties (B max =55 fmol/mg protein) measured with [ 125 I]2-INXT in rat cortical homogenates is consistent with the value reported for a known NET ligand, [ 3 H]nisoxetine. Competition studies with various compounds on [ 125 I]2-INXT binding clearly confirmed the pharmacological specificity and selectivity for NET binding sites. Following a tail-vein injection of [ 125 I]2-INXT in rats, a good initial brain uptake was observed (0.56% dose at 2 min) followed by a slow washout from the brain (0.2% remained at 3 hours post-injection). The hypothalamus (a NET-rich region) to striatum (a region devoid of NET) ratio was 1.5 at 3 hours post-i.v. injection. Pretreatment of rats with nisoxetine significantly inhibited the uptake of [ 125 I]2-INXT (70-100% inhibition) in locus coeruleus, hypothalamus and raphe nuclei, regions known to have a high density of NET; whereas escitalopram, a serotonin transporter ligand, did not show a similar effect. Ex vivo autoradiography of rat brain sections of [ 125 I]2-INXT (at 3 hours after an i.v. injection) displayed an excellent regional brain localization pattern corroborated to the specific NET distribution in the brain. The specific brain localization was significantly reduced by a dose of nisoxetine pretreatment. Taken together, the data suggest that [ 123 I]2-INXT may be useful for mapping NET binding sites in the brain

Proteolytic activity of beef liver determined by natural /sup 125/I-labelled substrates

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blahovec, J; Ondrus, I [Vysoka Skola Veterinarska, Kosice (Czechoslovakia)

1975-07-01

The method of determining the enzymatic activity of acid proteinases is described. The method is based on the use of /sup 125/I-labelled natural protein substrates. /sup 125/I-labelled albumin, /sup 125/I-globulin and /sup 125/I-insulin were tested for the determination of activities. All the substrates were hydrolyzed with the enzymes of the supernatant fraction (106,000 g) of beef liver homogenate in the acid pH zone. Optimum enzymatic reaction conditions were tested, the dependence of the reaction on the enzyme concentration, time and temperature was determined, pH optimum was ascertained for the individual substrates, and pH stability was determined. The results show that the method is suitable for determining the enzymatic activity of proteinases of cathepsin character.

Investigation of internalization and cytotoxicity of 125I-[Tyr3]-octreotide in NCI-H446 cell line

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun Junjie; Fan Wo; Xu Yujie; Zhang Youjiu; Zhu Ran; Hu Mingjiang

2004-01-01

Objective: To investigate the [Tyr 3 ]-octreotide (TOC) internalizing capacity of NCI-H446 cell line, and the cytotoxicity of 125 I-TOC in NCI-H446 cell line. To assess the therapeutic radiopharmaceutical potentiality of 125 I-TOC for the somatostatin receptor (SSTR) positive tumor. Methods: NCI-H446 cells were incubated together with 125 I-TOC for different periods of time, the amount of internalized 125 I-TOC and the 125 I-TOC bound on the cellular nucleus were detected with γ counter, respectively. The viability of the cells was analyzed by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay at different time points with various doses of 125 I-TOC, free 125 I and TOC. Results: 125 I-TOC was internalized into the nucleus and bound on the nucleus in a time-dependent manner. 125 I-TOC bound on the nucleus increased to the highest level at 24 h, the amount of nucleus bound 125 I-TOC at 24 h was 7 times higher than that at 0.5 h. Cytotoxicity of 125 I-TOC in SSTR positive NCI-H446 cells was also dose- and time-dependent. The supreme effect of cytotoxicity was found at 96 h with 74 kBq 125 I-TOC, the survival ratio of cells was reduced to (44.8 ± 7.2)%. Conclusions: 125 I-TOC can be internalized into SSTR positive cells mediated by SSTR. The NCI-H446 cells can be killed by Auger electron emitting from 125 I-TOC. Effect of cytotoxicity showed dose- and time-dependent

A simple method for the preparation of 123I and 125I labeled iodobenzodiazepines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McBride, B.J.; Baldwin, R.M.; Kerr, J.M.; Jiannlong Wu

1991-01-01

The tributyltin derivative of the benzodiazepine antagonist ethyl 7-iodo-5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate (Ro 16-0154) was synthesized by a one-step Pd catalyzed reaction between bistributyltin and Ro 16-0154. Electrophilic iodination of the tributyltin compound with no-carrier-added 125 I and 123 I gave a 50-70% radiochemical yield of a greater than 98% radiochemically pure Ro 16-0154. The specific activity of [ 123 I]Ro 16-0154 and [ 125 I]Ro 16-0154 was 180,000 and 1700 Ci/mmol, respectively, but the effective specific activity was 6900 and 300 Ci/mmol due to the presence of benzodiazepine impurities which have similar receptor binding properties. (author)

Investigation of the metabolism of 125I orthohippuric acid (sodium salt) in rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boegl, W.; Stockhausen, K.; Censori, M.; Jahn, M.; Sander, B.

1977-07-01

100 μCi Iodine-125-labeled Orthoiodohippurate (sodium salt) were applied i.v. to two Wistar rats. Urine and faeces were collected during several days over periods of 24 hours in a metabolic cage. The urine was analysed both directly and after separation of the radioactive substances with an adsorbtive resin by means of TLC and HPLC. The faeces were extracted and then separated like the urine. The two main metabolites of I-125 Orthoiodohippurate (Hipp) were I-125 Orthoiodobenzoic acid (Benz) and J-125 Iodide (I). The mixture of metabolites in the first 24 hours urine urine was composed of: approximately 20% Benz, appeoximately 70% Hipp, approximately 10% I. During the following days, this composition showed a few changes. The most appropriate method for analyzing proved to be the direct HPLC of the metabolic urine and faeces extract. (orig./MG) [de

Study on apoptosis of prostate cancer cell induced by 125I seed irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liao Anyan; Wang Junjie; Wang Jidong; Zhuang Hongqing; Zhao Yong

2007-01-01

Objective: To explore the mechanism of apoptosis induced by 125 I seed irradiation on PC3 cells. Methods: Human prostate cancer cell line PC3 was treated by irradiation of 125 I (2.77 cGy/h) with various dose. Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA and flows cytometry were used to detect the apoptosis of PC3 cells and indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2. The activity of Caspase-3 was measured by Caspase Colorimetric Assay Kits. Results: Apoptosis of PC3 cells could be efficiently induced by 125 I seed irradiation. The apoptotic peaks were found by flow cytometry and DNA ladder appeared on 1.8% agarose gel. The activity of Caspase-3 on PC3 cells treated by 125 I seed irradiation was not changed significantly. Bcl-2 gene expression was down-regulated with the sample concentration increased. Conclusion: 125 I irradiation can induce the apoptosis of PC3 cells and the mechanism of apoptosis is related with down regulation of Bcl-2 gene expression and is not related with Caspase-3 activity. (authors)

Preparation of 19-iodo cholesterol labelled with 125 I; Preparacion del 19-yodocolesterol marcado con 125 I

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rodriguez, L; Rebollo, D V; Ruiz, J M

1986-07-01

In this paper a new method of synthesis of 19-iodo cholesterol labelled with ''125 I, from commercial cholesterol, is described. Its high chemical (96%) and radiochemical (99.9%) purities high yield and short time of preparation permit us to dispose or a more accessible labelled compound, which results appropriates for clinical investigations and in the diagnosis of disturbances of the suprarenal glands. (Author) 9 refs.

Prostate biopsy after definitive treatment by interstitial iodine 125 implant or external beam radiation therapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schellhammer, P.F.; el-Mahdi, A.M.; Higgins, E.M.; Schultheiss, T.E.; Ladaga, L.E.; Babb, T.J.

1987-01-01

The response to definitive radiation therapy of localized carcinoma of the prostate by iodine 125 implantation or external beam radiotherapy was monitored by examining specimens from biopsies performed after treatment. We analyzed 126 biopsy specimens obtained 18 months or more after treatment: 71 were obtained from 109 patients treated by iodine 125 and 55 from 197 patients treated by external beam radiotherapy. Thereafter, the disease status of these patients was examined at minimum 3-year intervals. No significant statistical difference was found between the negative specimen rates of the 2 treatment modalities: 46 of 71 (65 per cent) after iodine 125 implantation and 39 of 55 (71 per cent) after external beam radiotherapy were negative. To analyze the predictive value of biopsy results 103 patients whose prostatic examination results were normal at biopsy or who showed regression of tumor size and tumor induration after radiation were evaluated. The biopsy results from all patients were combined for analysis. Of 77 patients with negative biopsy specimens 16 (21 per cent) have had recurrent disease, compared to 17 of 26 (65 per cent) with positive biopsy specimens (p equals 0.00005). Of the 77 patients with negative biopsy specimens 7 (9 per cent) had local disease recurrence, compared to 12 of 26 (46 per cent) with a positive biopsy specimen (p equals 0.0001). The value of a positive specimen to predict failure remained significant with patients stratified by pre-treatment clinical stage and grade of the disease. Our results show that patients with positive specimens from the prostate who had been judged clinically by rectal examination to have responded to radiation therapy had a significantly increased incidence of local and distant failure compared to patients who had negative biopsy specimens

{sup 125}I Labelling of Protein Using Immobilized Enzyme

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Jae Rok; Park, Kyung Bae; Awh, Ok Doo [Korea Advanced Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

1984-03-15

For an effective solid-phase labelling of protein with {sup 125}I, studies on the immobilization of lactoperoxidase (LPO) on the inner wall of polystyrene tubes were carried out. Labelling of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and insulin was also practiced using the LPO immobilized tubes. The immobilized enzyme of about 2.5 mu g/tube was sufficient for small scale labelling since the results of radio-paper chromatography of the labelling mixture of insulin indicated that the yields were sufficiently high (80%) even in the reactions conducted at room temperature for 60 sec. The results of the Sephadex column chromatography indicated that the labelled products were not contaminated with LPO-{sup 125}I, and the radiochemical purity of the products was more than 90%. In considering the general trend that the {sup 125}I labelled protein obtained by using LPO maintains its intactness better than those obtained by using chloramine-T, together with the tendency of yield enhancing with increase of reactants-concentration, the LPO immobilized tube method is estimated to be one of the simple methods of labelling. The product might be applicable without further purification.

In vivo binding of 125I-LSD to serotonin 5-HT2 receptors in mouse brain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hartig, P.R.; Scheffel, U.; Frost, J.J.; Wagner, H.N. Jr.

1985-01-01

The binding of 125 I-LSD (2-[ 125 I]-lysergic acid diethylamide) was studied in various mouse brain regions following intravenous injection of the radioligand. The high specific activity of 125 I-LSD enabled the injection of low mass doses (14ng/kg), which are well below the threshold for induction of any known physiological effect of the probe. The highest levels of 125 I-LSD binding were found in the frontal cortex, olfactory tubercles, extra-frontal cortex and striatum while the lowest level was found in the cerebellum. Binding was saturable in the frontal cortex but increased linearly in the cerebellum with increasing doses of 125 I-LSD. Serotonergic compounds potently inhibited 125 I-LSD binding in cortical regions, olfactory tubercles, and hypothalamus but had no effect in the cerebellum. Dopaminergic compounds caused partial inhibition of binding in the striatum while adrenergic compounds were inactive. From these studies the authors conclude that 125 I-LSD labels serotonin 5-HT 2 receptor sites in cortical regions with no indication that other receptor sites are labeled. In the olfactory tubercles and hypothalamus, 125 I-LSD labeling occurs predominantly or entirely at serotonic 5-HT 2 sites. In the striatum, 125 I-LSD labels approximately equal proportions of serotonergic and dopaminergic sites. These data indicate that 125 I-LSD labels serotonin receptors in vivo and suggests that appropriate derivatives of 2I-LSD may prove useful for tomographic imaging of serotonin 5-HT 2 receptors in the mammalian cortex

Effect of organic matter on 125I diffusion in bentonite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tao Wu; Qing Zheng

2015-01-01

Through-diffusion method was conducted to investigate the diffusion behavior of 125 I in bentonite in present of organic matter, such as polyaminopolycarboxylate EDTA, oxalic acid, hydrazine and humic acid HA. The effective diffusion coefficient D e value and rock capacity factor α were (2.32.6) × 10 -11 m 2 /s and 0.040-0.052, respectively. The small difference showed that iodine was preferentially associated with silicoaluminate mineral as an inorganic form. In present of HA, the D a value of 125 I was almost two orders of magnitude higher than that of HA and humic substances HS. The D e and α derived from the experiments were used to simulate its diffusion in the designed bentonite obstacle of high-level radioactive waste repository and the results showed that 125 I can be transported from 30 to 50 cm thickness of bentonite to the far-field of repository in several years. (author)

3-(/sup 125/I)iodo-4-hydroxyphenobarbitone for use in radioimmunoassay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mason, P.A.; Law, B. (Home Office Central Research Establishment, Aldermaston (UK))

1982-03-01

A method is described for the preparation of a barbiturate derivative, 3-iodo-4-hydroxyphenobarbitone, labelled with (/sup 125/I)iodine. The structure of the compound was confirmed by synthesis and purification of the (/sup 127/I)iodine derivative followed by mass spectral studies. The (/sup 125/I)iodine labelled barbiturate has proved to be chemically stable and has been shown to bind to a barbiturate antiserum. It should, therefore, prove to be very useful for the development of a radioimmunoassay for barbiturates.

Identification of beta 2-adrenoceptors on guinea pig alveolar macrophages using (-)-3-[125I]iodocyanopindolol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leurs, R.; Beusenberg, F.D.; Bast, A.; Van Amsterdam, J.G.; Timmerman, H.

1990-01-01

The beta-adrenoceptor antagonist (-)-3-[ 125 I]iodocyanopindolol ([ 125 I]ICYP) binds with high affinity and in saturable way to membranes of guinea pig alveolar macrophages. The equilibrium dissociation constant for [ 125 I]ICYP is 24.3 +/- 1.2 pM, and the number of binding sites is 166.3 +/- 13.7 fmol/mg protein (N = 4, +/- SEM). Displacement studies with selective antagonists showed that [ 125 I]ICYP labels beta 2-adrenoceptors on guinea pig alveolar macrophages

SU-E-T-12: A Comparative Dosimetric Study of Pre and Post Prostate Iodine-125 Permanent Seed Implants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, X; Rahimian, J; Goy, B; Cosmatos, H; Qian, Y [Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles, CA (United States)

2015-06-15

Purpose: Post-implant dosimetry has become the gold standard for prostate implant evaluation. The goal of this research is to compare the dosimetry between pre-plan and post-plan in permanent prostate seed implant brachytherapy. Methods: A retrospective study of 91 patients treated with Iodine-125 prostate seed implant between year 2012∼2014 were performed. All plans were created using a VariSeed 8.0 planning system. Pre-plan ultrasound images were acquired using 0.5 cm slice thickness. Post-plan CT images acquired about 1–4 weeks after implant, fused with the preplan ultrasound images. The prostate and urethra contours were generated using the fusion of ultrasound and CT images. Iodine-125 seed source activities varied between 0.382 to 0.414 mCi per seed. The loading patterns varied slightly between patients depending on the prostate size. Statistical analysis of pre and post plans for prostate and urethra volumes, V100%, V150% and D90, and urethra D10 were performed and reported. Results: The pre and post implant average prostate size was 36.90cc vs. 38.58cc; V100% was 98.33% vs. 96.89%; V150% was 47.09% vs. 56.95%; D90 was 116.35Gy vs. 116.12Gy, urethra volume was 1.72cc vs. 1.85cc, urethra D10% was 122.0% vs. 135.35%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the pre and post-plan values for D90(p-value=0.43). However, there are significant differences between other parameters most likely due to post surgical edema; prostate size (p-value= 0.00015); V100% (p-value=3.7803E-07); V150% (p-value=1.49E-09); urethra volume (p-value= 2.77E-06); Urethra D10 (p-value=7.37E-11). Conclusion: The post-plan dosimetry using CT image set showed similar D90 dose coverage to the pre-plan using the ultrasound image dataset. The study showed that our prostate seed implants have consistently delivered adequate therapeutic dose to the prostate while sparing urethra. Future studies to correlate dose versus biochemical response using patients’ PSA

Inulin-125I-tyramine, an improved residualizing label for studies on sites of catabolism of circulating proteins

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maxwell, J.L.; Baynes, J.W.; Thorpe, S.R.

1988-01-01

Residualizing labels for protein, such as dilactitol-125I-tyramine (125I-DLT) and cellobiitol-125I-tyramine, have been used to identify the tissue and cellular sites of catabolism of long-lived plasma proteins, such as albumin, immunoglobulins, and lipoproteins. The radioactive degradation products formed from labeled proteins are relatively large, hydrophilic, resistant to lysosomal hydrolases, and accumulate in lysosomes in the cells involved in degradation of the carrier protein. However, the gradual loss of the catabolites from cells (t1/2 approximately 2 days) has limited the usefulness of residualizing labels in studies on longer lived proteins. We describe here a higher molecular weight (Mr approximately 5000), more efficient residualizing glycoconjugate label, inulin-125I-tyramine (125I-InTn). Attachment of 125I-InTn had no effect on the plasma half-life or tissue sites of catabolism of asialofetuin, fetuin, or rat serum albumin in the rat. The half-life for hepatic retention of degradation products from 125I-InTn-labeled asialofetuin was 5 days, compared to 2.3 days for 125I-DLT-labeled asialofetuin. The whole body half-lives for radioactivity from 125I-InTn-, 125I-DLT-, and 125I-labeled rat serum albumin were 7.5, 4.3, and 2.2 days, respectively. The tissue distribution of degradation products from 125I-InTn-labeled proteins agreed with results of previous studies using 125I-DLT, except that a greater fraction of total degradation products was recovered in tissues. Kinetic analyses indicated that the average half-life for retention of 125I-InTn degradation products in tissues is approximately 5 days and suggested that in vivo there are both slow and rapid routes for release of degradation products from cells

Study on the thyroid function of thoroughbred females in varying stages of pregnancy using 'in vitro' tests /sup 125/I-T/sub 3/ and /sup 125/I-T/sub 4/

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

de Martin, B W [Sao Paulo Univ. (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia

1975-01-01

A study is made on the thyroid function of thoroughbred female equines, aged between five through twelve years, in varying stages of pregnancy, using 'in vitro' tests /sup 125/I.T/sub 3/ and /sup 125/I-T/sub 4/.

Preparation of 19-iodo cholesterol labelled with 125 I; Preparacion del 19-yodocolesterol marcado con 125 I

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rodriguez, L.; Rebollo, D. V.; Ruiz, J. M.

1986-07-01

In this paper a new method of synthesis of 19-iodo cholesterol labelled with ''125 I, from commercial cholesterol, is described. Its high chemical (96%) and radiochemical (99.9%) purities high yield and short time of preparation permit us to dispose or a more accessible labelled compound, which results appropriates for clinical investigations and in the diagnosis of disturbances of the suprarenal glands. (Author) 9 refs.

Long term results of 125I for treatment of hyperthyroidism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bremner, W.F.; McDougall, I.R.; Greig, W.R.; Ratcliffe, J.G.

1976-01-01

125 I emits very low energy conversion and Auger electrons. This radionuclide has been used in place of 131 I with the hope of reducing the incidence of post treatment hypothyroidism. 303 of 360 patients treated have been reviewed. Originally very large doses of 125 I were prescribed (751-1,600 μCi/g) but 9 out of 15 patients (60%) became hypothyroid, therefore 4 smaller therapeutic regimes were employed. (1) 55 patients received doses of 200 μCi or less/g thyroid, 69% are euthyroid and 24% hypothyroid after an average of 33 months from treatment. (2) 87 patients received doses of 201-350 μCi/g thyroid, 67% are euthyroid and 21% hypothyroid after an average follow up of 30 months. (3) 70 patients received doses of 351-500 μCi/g thyroid, 77% are euthyroid and 18% hypothyroid 36 months after treatment and (4) 76 patients received doses of 501-750 μCi/g, 41% are euthyroid and 56% hypothyroid 49 months after therapy. No long term complications such as thyroid cancer or leukaemia have occurred but because 125 I does not eliminate or reduce the incidence of post treatment hypothyroidism it probably should not be used in preference to 131 I for the routine treatment of hyperthyroidism

Separation of 134Cs and 137Cs from 125I solution for medical applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ram, Ramu; Dash, Ashutosh; Banerjee, Dayamoy

2015-01-01

While neutron irradiation of natural Xe gas followed by wet chemical dissolution of activation products constitutes a successful paradigm for the small scale production 125 I, the concomitant production of 134 Cs and 137 Cs emerged as the primary impediment which necessitates purification of 125 I solution. This paper describes an ion-exchange chromatographic technique using Resorcinol Formaldehyde (RF) resin to purify 125 I solution from 134 Cs and 137 Cs impurities. A thorough investigation of the adsorption parameters of RF resin was carried out to arrive at the experimental conditions resulting optimum retention of 134 Cs and 137 Cs impurities. Based on the experimental findings, an optimized separation procedure was developed in which the neutron irradiated dissolved products at pH ∝ 13 was passed through a chromatography column containing RF resin where in 134 Cs and 137 Cs impurities gets adsorbed leaving behind 125 I to appear in the effluent. The overall recovery of 125 I was >90% with acceptable purity amenable for clinical applications.

N-(m-[125I]iodophenyl)maleimide: an agent for high yield radiolabeling of antibodies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khawli, L.A.; Van den Abbeele, A.D.; Kassis, A.I.

1992-01-01

In an effort to radiolabel antibodies, N-(m-[ 125 I]iodophenyl)maleimide (m-[ 125 I]IPM) was prepared by the demetallation of an N-[m-tri-(n-butyl)stannylphenyl]maleimide intermediate. The unlabeled intermediate was synthesized in ≥ 75% yield using a palladium catalyzed reaction of hexabutylditin with m-bromoaniline, followed by reaction with maleic anhydride and ring annulation. All products were confirmed by NMR and elemental analysis. Labeling with 125 I was carried out in a biphasic mixture containing chloramine-T (radiochemical yield ≥ 70%). Rabbit IgG modified with the heterobifunctional crosslinking agent N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate (SPDP) and bovine serum albumin were conjugated with m-[ 125 I]IPM (yield: 40 and 80%, respectively). In addition, m-[ 125 I]IPM was conjugated to rabbit IgG subunits (HL) in 70% yield. The in vitro stability of the radiolabeled proteins in serum showed < 1% deiodination over 24h. (author)

Synthesis and 125I labelling of a precursor for imaging nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Yuxia; Liu Ning; Yang Yuanyou; Zan Liangbiao; Liao Jiali; Jin Jiannan; Sichuan Univ., Chengdu

2006-01-01

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors (nAChRs) are involved in various pharmacological effects or diseases, such as Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease and tobacco addiction. It will be very appealing to image nAChRs in vivo, diagnose and treat the above diseases, and probe the mechanism of nAChRs in tobacco addiction if the suitable radioactive labeled compound can be synthesized. In this study, (s)-5-(tri-butylstannyl)-3{[1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-azetidinyl]methoxy} pyridine, a precursor for imaging nAChRs, was synthesized with commercial 2-furfurylamine and (s)-2-azetidinecarboxylic acid as starting materials, and was further labeled with 125/123 I. The whole procedure for radiosynthesis needs 50-55 min and more than 30% of the 125 I are found in the purified 5-[ 125 I]-A-85380. Even staying for 3 days at room temperature in vitro, the purified 5-[ 125 I]-I-85380 can maintain its stability, with a radiochemical purity of more than 95%. (authors)

(E)-[{sup 125}I]-5-AOIBV: a SPECT radioligand for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Emond, Patrick [INSERM U619, 37000 Tours (France); Universite Francois-Rabelais de Tours, CHRU, Hopital Bretonneau, Service de Medecine nucleaire, 37000 Tours (France); Mavel, Sylvie [INSERM U619, 37000 Tours (France); Universite Francois-Rabelais de Tours, CHRU, Hopital Bretonneau, Service de Medecine nucleaire, 37000 Tours (France)], E-mail: sylvie.mavel@univ-tours.fr; Zea-Ponce, Yolanda [INSERM U619, 37000 Tours (France); Universite Francois-Rabelais de Tours, CHRU, Hopital Bretonneau, Service de Medecine nucleaire, 37000 Tours (France); Kassiou, Michael [Discipline of Medical Radiation Sciences, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, NSW 2050 (Australia); School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, NSW 2006 (Australia); Garreau, Lucette; Bodard, Sylvie; Drossard, Marie-Laure; Chalon, Sylvie; Guilloteau, Denis [INSERM U619, 37000 Tours (France); Universite Francois-Rabelais de Tours, CHRU, Hopital Bretonneau, Service de Medecine nucleaire, 37000 Tours (France)

2007-11-15

The premise that, over the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD), changes in the levels of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) occur in parallel with changes to other cholinergic marker proteins provides the basis for the applicability of benzovesamicol derivatives as radioligands for AD studies by single photon emission computed tomography or positron emission tomography. We report the synthesis of enantiopure benzovesamicol derivatives: (R,R) or (S,S)-(E)-2-hydroxy-5-(3-iodoprop-2-en-1-oxy)-3- (4-phenylpiperidino)tetralin [(R,R)-AOIBV: K{sub d}=0.45 nM or (S,S)-5-AOIBV: K{sub d}=4.3 nM] and their corresponding tributyltin precursors for radioiodination. (R,R or S,S)-5-AOIBV was labeled with iodine-125 from their corresponding n-tributyltin precursors. Both compounds were obtained with radiochemical and optical purity greater than 97% and in radiochemical yields ranging 34-36%. To determine if these compounds could provide an advantage when compared to [{sup 125}I]-iodo benzovesamicol (IBVM), IBVM was also labeled and used as the reference compound in all ex vivo experiments. Ex vivo biodistribution experiments in rats revealed that [{sup 125}I]-(R,R)-5-AOIBV displayed the most suitable pharmacological profile as the radioactivity distribution corresponded well with the known VAChT brain density. Moreover, pre-injection of vesamicol prevented the uptake of [{sup 125}I]-(R,R)-5-AOIBV in striatum, cortex and hippocampus, demonstrating selectivity for the VAChT. However, even if time activity curves of [{sup 125}I]-(R,R)-5-AOIBV confirmed that this compound could be used to visualize the VAChT in vivo, at each point of the kinetic study, [{sup 125}I]-(R,R)-5-AOIBV showed a lower specific binding compared to [{sup 125}I]-IBVM. These results made [{sup 125}I]-( R,R)-5-AOIBV inferior to [{sup 125}I]-IBVM for the VAChT exploration in vivo.

Prostatic edema in 125I permanent prostate implants: Dynamical dosimetry taking volume changes into account

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leclerc, Ghyslain; Lavallee, Marie-Claude; Roy, Rene; Vigneault, Eric; Beaulieu, Luc

2006-01-01

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of edema on the dose delivered to the target volume. An evaluation of the edema characteristics was first made, and then a dynamical dosimetry algorithm was developed and used to compare its results to a standard clinical (static) dosimetry. Source positions and prostate contours extracted from 66 clinical cases on images taken at different points in time (planning, implant day, post-implant evaluation) were used, via the mean interseed distance, to characterize edema [initial increase (Δr 0 ), half-life (τ)]. An algorithm was developed to take into account the edema by summing a time series of dose-volume histograms (DVHs) with a weight based on the fraction of the dose delivered during the time interval considered. The algorithm was then used to evaluate the impact of edema on the dosimetry of permanent implants by comparing its results to those of a standard clinical dosimetry. The volumetric study yielded results as follows: the initial prostate volume increase was found to be 1.58 (ranging from 1.15 to 2.48) and the edema half-life, approximately 30 days (range: 3 to 170 days). The dosimetric differences in D 90 observed between the dynamic dosimetry and the clinical one for a single case were up to 15 Gy and depended on the edema half-life and the initial volume increase. The average edema half-life, 30 days, is about 3 times longer than the previously reported 9 days. Dosimetric differences up to 10% of the prescription dose are observed, which can lead to differences in the quality assertion of an implant. The study of individual patient edema resorption with time might be necessary to extract meaningful clinical correlation or biological parameters in permanent implants

Forest structure following tornado damage and salvage logging in northern Maine, USA

Science.gov (United States)

Shawn Fraver; Kevin J. Dodds; Laura S. Kenefic; Rick Morrill; Robert S. Seymour; Eben Sypitkowski

2017-01-01

Understanding forest structural changes resulting from postdisturbance management practices such as salvage logging is critical for predicting forest recovery and developing appropriate management strategies. In 2013, a tornado and subsequent salvage operations in northern Maine, USA, created three conditions (i.e., treatments) with contrasting forest structure:...

Synthesis, in vitro pharmacologic characterization, and preclinical evaluation of N-[2-(1'-piperidinyl)ethyl]-3-[{sup 125}I]iodo-4-methoxybenzamide (P[{sup 125}I]MBA) for imaging breast cancer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

John, Christy S. E-mail: radcsj@gwumc.edu; Bowen, Wayne D.; Fisher, Susan J.; Lim, Benjamin B.; Geyer, Brian C.; Vilner, Bertold J.; Wahl, Richard L

1999-05-01

The goal of this study was to investigate the potential use of a radioiodinated benzamide, N-[2-(1'-piperidinyl)ethyl]-3-iodo[{sup 125}I]-4-methoxybenzamide (P[{sup 125}I]MBA), a sigma receptor binding radioligand for imaging breast cancer. The chemical and radiochemical syntheses of PIMBA are described. The pharmacological evaluation of PIMBA was carried out for sigma-1 and sigma-2 receptor sites. The in vivo pharmacokinetics of the radioiodinated benzamide were determined in rats and comparison of P[{sup 125}I]MBA with Tc-99m sestamibi were made in a rat mammary tumor model. Sigma-1 affinity (K{sub i}) for PIMBA in guinea pig brain membranes using [{sup 3}H](+)pentazocine was found to be 11.82{+-}0.68 nM, whereas sigma-2 affinity in rat liver using [{sup 3}H]DTG (1,3-o-di-tolylguanidine) was 206{+-}11 nM. Sites in guinea pig brain membranes labeled by P[{sup 125}I]MBA showed high affinity for haloperidol, (+)-pentazocine, BD1008, and PIMBA (K{sub i}=4.87{+-}1.49,8.81{+-}1.97,0.057{+-}0.005,46.9{+-}1.8 nM), respectively). Competition binding studies were carried out in human ductal breast carcinoma cells (T47D). A dose-dependent inhibition of specific binding was observed with several sigma ligands. K{sub i} values for the inhibition of P[{sup 125}I]MBA binding in T47D cells for haloperidol, N-[2-(1'-piperidinyl)]ethyl]4-iodobenzamide (IPAB), N-(N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-4-iodobenzamide (4-IBP), and PIMBA were found to be 1.30{+-}0.07, 13{+-}1.5, 5.19{+-}2.3, 1.06{+-}0.5 nM, respectively. The in vitro binding data in guinea pig brain membranes and breast cancer cells confirmed binding to sigma sites. The saturation binding of P[{sup 125}I]MBA in T47D cells as studied by Scatchard analysis showed saturable binding, with a K{sub d}=94{+-}7 nM and a B{sub max}=2035{+-}305 fmol/mg of proteins. Biodistribution studies in Sprague-Dawley rats showed a rapid clearance of P[{sup 125}I]MBA from the normal organs. The potential of PIMBA in imaging breast cancer was

Substitution of 125-I-T3, 125-I-T4 and 125-I-TSH produced in the ININ, in commercial boxes for radioimmunoessay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Delgado S, B.; Zambrano A, F.; Lavalley E, C.; Ferro F, G.; Lezama C, J.

1991-03-01

Due to the half, relatively short life, of the I-125 used in the radioinmunoanalisis (he/she LAUGHS) of hormones realcionadas with the thyroid, frequently it is observed that they are the other reagents of commercial cases without using, reason for the one which you piede the possibility to use in their entirety statements kits for the CREEK, what causes lost economic and another type of deficiencies. Presently work the results are presented obtained on the characteristics of quality of commercial stuches for the CREEK of hormones of the thyroid profile (T3, T4 and TSH), after substituting to the different radiotrazadores in this cases. The marcaje of the hormones with I-125 was made by means of the method of the cloramina T with 25 seconds of reaction for each hormone, purifying the T3 and the T4 for cromatografia liquidates of high efficiency and to the TSH for cromatografia of likeness in a column of cellulose microcristalina of 6 x 0.8 cm. the substitution of the radiotrazador is made in the commercial cases and the protocol was continued proposed by the makers, giving a coefficient of correlation of -0-997, as a result after the comparison of the straight line among the cases without and with substitution of the radiotrazador; besides certain parameters of quality of the such rehearsals as: the maximum unions (50%+-5) and inespecifica (<5%), slope of the straight line (-2.1 + - 0.2), and other coming from the use of samples of control of quality. We can conclude that at the moment we have in the ININ radiotrazadores of T3, T4 and TSH of good quality, like to be substituted in commercial cases and to use this way to the maximum these games of reagents that are so expensive. (Author)

Half-life determination of 125I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De Felice, P.; Ientile, P.; Zicari, C.

1990-01-01

The half-life of 125 I was determined by measuring the activity of an initial 3 kBq source at several times. Over a period of two months, 96 absolute measurements were performed, using the sum-peak method to give a half-life of (59.38±0.03) d. A discussion is presented on the effect of correcting for accidental coincidences on the half-life measurements by comparing the results with and without this correction. (orig.)

Ultrasonically guided 125iodine seed implantation with external radiation in management of localized prostatic carcinoma

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Iversen, P; Bak, M; Juul, N

1989-01-01

Thirty-three patients with localized prostatic carcinoma (16 poorly differentiated) were treated with transperineal 125Iodine seed implantation (160 Gy) guided by transrectal ultrasonography and subsequent external beam irradiation (47.4 Gy). The observation time was six to sixty-eight months...... with a median follow-up of thirty-five months. Median change in prostatic volume was a reduction of 35 percent. Re-biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate was performed in 25 patients after one to two years, revealing still malignant histology in 12 (48%). Development of distant metastases occurred...

I-125 input into antibodies molecules specific to australian antigen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdukayumov, A. M.; Chistyakov, P.G.; Garajshina, G. R.

1999-01-01

There are experimental data on I-125 input into antibodies molecules specific to superficial antigen of hepatitis B virus (australian antigen). Three ways of input are submitted: with the help of T chloramine usage, Bolton-Hunter Reagent and with the help of iodogen. There are also comparative characteristics of iodized products obtained: molar radioactivity, radiochemical frequency, immuno - reactivity. The report also discusses advantages and disadvantages of the used methods for inputting I-125 into antibodies to australian antigen in order to study the possibility of creating radio immunological test system for detecting superficial antigen of B hepatitis

Studies with encapsulated 125I sources: dosimetry for determination of relative biological effectiveness

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goldhagen, P.; Freeman, M.L.; Hall, E.J.

1981-01-01

During the past year, members of this laboratory have measured the Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) of photons from encapsulated 125 I sources (mean energy = 28.33 keV) using 661.6 keV 137 Cs gamma rays as a standard for comparison. These experiments were performed at clinically relevant dose rates and used reduction of the reproductive viability of mammalian cells as an endpoint. This section will discuss how dosimetry problems special to 125 I influence the design of the apparatus and will describe the ionization chamber to be used for measuring dose rates from both 125 I and 137 Cs photons

Anti-tumor effects of Egr-IFN γ gene therapy combined with 125I-UdR radionuclide therapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Jingguo; Ni Yanjun; Song Xiangfu; Li Yanyi; Yang Wei; Sun Ting; Ma Qingjie; Gao Fengtong

2008-01-01

Objective: To explore the anti-tumor effects of Egr-IFNγ gene therapy combined with 125 I-UdR radionuclide therapy in mice bearing H22 hepatocarcinoma and its mechanism. Methods: The recombinant plasmid pcDNAEgr-IFNγ mixed with liposome was injected into tumor. 48 h later, 370 kBq 125 I-UdR was injected into tumor. The tumor growth rates at different times were observed. After 3 d gene-radionuclide therapy, the concentration of IFNγ in cytoplasm of H22 cells and cytotoxic activities of splenic CTL of the mice in different groups were examined. Results: The tumor growth rates of pcDNAEgr-IFNγ + 125 I-UdR group were obviously lower than those of control group, 125 I-UdR group and pcDNAEgr-1 + 125 I-UdR group 6-15 d after gene-radionuclide therapy. IFNγ protein was found in cytoplasm of H22 cells in pcDNAEgr-IFNγ + 125 I-UdR group after 3 d gene-radionuclide therapy. Cytotoxic activity of splenic CTL in pcDNAEgr-IFNγ + 125 I-UdR group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P 125 I-UdR radionuclide therapy are better than those of 125 I-UdR therapy. (authors)

Upregulation of [125I] CGP42112 binding in the rat brainstem following nodose ganglionectomy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roulston, C.L.; Lawrence, A.J.; Jarrott, B.; Widdop, R.E.

1999-01-01

Full text: [ 125 I] CGP42112 is a specific ligand which has been used to demonstrate the presence of angiotensin AT 2 receptors in peripheral and brain tissue, although [ 125 I] CGP42112 also binds to a non-angiotensin II (Ang II) site. In the present study we have examined [ 125 I] CGP42112 binding in the brainstem following nodose ganglionectomy using autoradiography. Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats underwent unilateral nodose ganglionectomy or sham operation (anaesthetised with methohexitone, 60mg/kg ip). Following a 14 day recovery period, animals were killed and slide mounted brainstem sections (14μm) were prepared and incubated in the presence of either [ 125 I] (Sar 1 Ile 8 )Ang II (0.5nM), [ 125 I] CGP42112 (0.3nM) or [ 3 H] PKI11195 (3nM, a marker for activated microglia). Following incubation, slides were apposed to film for 10 days. Specific binding was determined in adjacent sections by co-incubations with either the AT 1 receptor antagonist losartan, the AT 2 receptor antagonist PD 123319, Ang II or PKI11195 (all at 10μM). In the ganglionectomised groups, there were significant reductions in [ 125 I] (Sar 1 Ile 8 )Ang II binding on the denervated side of the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) by 30 ± 2 % (n=5, P 125 I] CGP42112 binding in the NTS revealed an AT 2 receptor component which was displaceable by PD 123319 and Ang II (∼60%), and a non-Ang II component (∼40%). Nodose ganglionectomy increased the density of [ 125 I] CGP42112 binding on the denervated side of the NTS by 55 ± 3 % (n=5, P 125 I] CGP42112 binding in the NTS of the ganglionectomised groups was comprised of a greater non-Ang II component than in the sham group, since only ∼30% was displaced by PD123319 and Ang II. [ 125 I] CGP42112 also revealed high binding density in the dorsal motor nucleus and the nucleus ambiguus on the denervated side in both SHR and WKY rats. This binding was absent in shams and was only ∼30-40% displaceable

Vivo dosimetry using TLD detectors in prostate seed implants of I-125: preliminary results; Dosimetria in vivo mediante detectores de TLD en implantes de prostata con semillas de I-125: resultados preliminares

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanchez-Reyes, A.; Pedro, A.; Bassas, P.; Duch, M. A.; Cros, M.; Mane, S.

2011-07-01

We present preliminary results of a new in vivo dosimetry technique that could allow to know immediately after implantation of the prostate if the dose distribution determined by the scheduler is similar to the actual dose measured with TLD detectors.

Treatment of hyperthyroidism: use of 131I and 125I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Atkins, H.L.

1977-01-01

Factors related to late hypothyroidism following the use of 131 I for treatment of hyperthyroidism are discussed with regard to age of patient, size of dose, previous surgery, immune status, and others. Possible reasons for the post-therapeutic hypothyroidism are discussed with regard to effects of radiation on the reproductive capacity of thyroid cells, effects of radiation on blood vessels, and dose distribution of radioiodine. The following therapeutic strategies are discussed: reduction of initial dose; multiple small doses; high dose radioiodine followed by replacement therapy; the use of external beam irradiation; and the use of 125 I

Iodine-125 seeds for cancer treatment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rostelato, Maria E.C.M.; Zeituni, Carlos A.; Feher, Anselmo; Moura, Joao A.; Moura, Eduardo S.; Nagatomi, Helio R.; Manzoli, Jose E.; Souza, Carla D., E-mail: elisaros@ipen.b, E-mail: czeituni@pobox.co, E-mail: afeher@ipen.b, E-mail: jmoura31@yahoo.com.b, E-mail: esmoura@ipen.b, E-mail: hrnagato@ipen.b, E-mail: jemanzoli@ipen.b, E-mail: cdsouza@ipen.b [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Karam, Dib, E-mail: dib.karan@usp.b [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Escola de Artes, Ciencias e Humanidades

2009-07-01

In Brazil, cancer has become one of the major public health problems. An estimate by the Health Ministry showed that 466,430 people had the disease in the country in 2008. The prostate cancer is the second largest death cause among men. The National Institute of Cancer estimated the occurrence of 50,000 new cases for 2009. Some of these patients are treated with Brachytherapy, using Iodine-125 seeds. By this technique, small seeds with Iodine-125, a radioactive material, are implanted in the prostate. The advantages of radioactive seed implants are the preservation of healthy tissues and organs near the prostate, besides the low rate of impotence and urinary incontinence. The Energy and Nuclear Research Institute - IPEN, which belongs to the Nuclear Energy National Commission - CNEN, established a program for the development of the technique and production of Iodine-125 seeds in Brazil. The estimate for the 125-Iodine seeds demand is of 8,000 seeds/month and the laboratory to be implanted will need this production capacity. The purpose of this paper is to explain the project status and show some data about the seeds used in the country. The project will be divided in two phases: technological development of a prototype and a laboratory implementation for the seeds production. (author)

Dosimetria comparativa de braquiterapia de próstata com sementes de I-125 e Pd-103 via SISCODES/MCNP

OpenAIRE

Trindade, Bruno Machado; Christóvão, Marília Tavares; Trindade, Daniela de Fátima Maia; Falcão, Patrícia Lima; Campos, Tarcisio Passos Ribeiro de

2012-01-01

OBJETIVO: O presente artigo visa apresentar um estudo dosimétrico comparativo de braquiterapia de próstata com sementes de I-125 e Pd-103. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Um protocolo adotado para ambos os implantes com 148 sementes foi simulado em um fantoma tridimensional heterogêneo de pelve por meio dos códigos SISCODES/MCNP5. Histogramas dose-volume na próstata, bexiga e reto, índices de doses D10, D30, D90, D0,5cc, D2cc e D7cc, e representações de distribuição espacial de dose foram avaliados. RES...

Permanent Seed Implant Dosimetry (PSID)TM 4.5 version as isodose and Treatment Planning System (TPS) programme for brachytherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Indra Saptiama; Moch Subechi; Anung Pujiyanto; Hotman Lubis; Herlan Setiawan

2014-01-01

The medical treatment using radiation therapy for cancer diseases is increasingly developed. One of the method used in radiotherapy is brachytherapy. Brachytherapy is radiation therapy method in which a radiation source is implanted in cancer cell directly so the dose accepted by cancer cell is the highest dose and the dose accepted by normal cell is the lowest dose. I-125 Seed have been made successfully in domestic. To support the implant of I-125 seed for brachytherapy needs computer programme for the isodose calculation and Treatment Planning System (TPS). Permanent Seed Implant Dosimetry (PSID) 4.5 is one of the isodose calculation and Treatment Planning System (TPS) programme that is owned by Center for Radioisotope and Radiopharmaceutical-BATAN. In isodose calculation, PSID 4.5 uses 1D formalism and 2D formalism based on AAPM-TG43 (Association of American Physicist in Medicine- Task Group No.43). Anisotropic function on 1D formalism depend on distance function while on 2D formalism count on distance and angle function therefore 2D formalism has isodose calculation better than 1D formalism usage. PSID 4.5 can display the isodose contour of the seed I-125 radiation source in 2 dimension (2D) and 3 dimension (3D). The computer programme of isodose calculation and TPS uses PSID 4.5 is expected able to help planning for seed I-125 implantation process for brachytherapy that used by paramedics and to support the usage of seed I-125 as domestic product. (author)

Studies of the distribution of intrathecally injected 125I-tetanus antitoxin-F(ab')2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hanauske, A.R.

1981-01-01

Overall F(ab') 2 and antitetanus-f(ab') 2 - fragments were labelled with 125 I and injected i.th. into normal juvenile cats and adult rats. One group of rats was normal; in the other, unilateral local tetanus had been induced by injection of tetanus toxin into a M. gastrocnemius. The animals were sacrificed 24 h after the i.th. injection, and tissue samples were taken for histoautoradiography. 125 I-antitetanus-F(ab') 2 permeated into the extracellular space of the spinal cord, roots, and ganglia but not into the neuronal intracellular space. 125 I-overall-F(ab') showed identical permeation behaviour. 125 I-antitetanus-F(ab') 2 reacted with tetanus toxin issuing from the motoneurons after i.th. injection, forming an immunocomplex around the motorneurons. The immunocomplex was not formed around pseudo-unipolar ganglian cells in the spinal ganglia even though some of the ganglian cells contained tetanus toxin, and 125 I-antitetanus-F(ab') 2 was present in the extracellular space. As an explanation, it was suggested that tetanus toxin does not permeate into the extracellular space through the membrane of the pseudo-unipolar ganglian cells so that immune reactions will not occur. These findings help to explain the widely divergent results of tetanus therapy by means of i.th. injection of tetanus antitoxin. Recommendations for future therapy measures are derived from the findings. (orig./MG) [de

The half-life of 125I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simpson, B.R.S.; Meyer, B.R.

1989-01-01

The Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) organized an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of 125 I. The half-life value adopted was 59.5±0.4d. The large uncertainty took account of a recently published value (Schrader, 1986) which is considerably lower than the widely used value of 60.0±0.1d. The present work, which was undertaken at the suggestion of the BIPM, has yielded a value which confirms the lower measurement. (author)

In vivo study about specific captation of 125 I-insulin by rat brain structures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanvitto, G.L.

1986-01-01

The specific captation of 125 I-insulin was evaluated by brain structures, as olfactory bulbous, hypothalamus and cerebellum in rats, from in vivo experiences that including two different aspects: captation measure of 125 I-insulin after the intravenous injection of the labelled hormone, in fed rats and in rats with 48 h of fast or convulsion, procedure by the pentylene tetrazole; captation measure of 125 I-insulin after intra-cerebral-ventricular injection of the labelled hormone in fed rats. (C.G.C.)

Preparation of [123I]- and [125I]epidepride: a dopamine D-2 receptor antagonist radioligand

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clanton, J.A.; Schmidt, D.E.; Ansari, M.S.; Manning, R.G.; Kessler, R.M.; Paulis, T. de; Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN; Baldwin, R.M.

1991-01-01

(S)-(-)-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-5-[ 123 I] iodo-2,3-dimethoxybenzamide (TDP 517) (proposed generic name, [ 123 I]epidepride) is the iodine-123 substituted analogue of isoremoxipride (FLB 457), both of which are very potent dopamine D-2 antagonists (epidepride K D 0.024 nM). [ 123 I] Epidepride was radioiodinated in 60-70% radiochemical yields in 35 min from the corresponding 5-(tributyltin) derivative using Na 123 I with a specific radioactivity of 3000 Ci/mmol, and oxidized in situ with chloramine-T. The aryltin precursor was prepared from non-labelled epidepride by palladium-catalyzed stannylation using bis(tri-n-butyltin) in triethylamine. Alternatively, using no carrier-added Na 125 I as the radioisotope, [ 125 I] epidepride at 2000 Ci/mmol specific radioactivity was prepared in 86% radiochemical yield and 99% radiochemical purity after purification by reverse phase HPLC in ethanolic phosphate buffer. (author)

Relative biological effectiveness of 125I seeds for low-dose-rate irradiation of PANC-1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Jidong; Wang Junjie; Zhuang Hongqing; Liao Anyan; Zhao Yong

2008-01-01

Objective: To investigate the relative biological effectiveness(RBE) of National Model 6711 125 I seeds and the response patterns of PANC-1 exposed to 125 I seeds irradiation. Methods: PANC-1 cells in exponential growth were irradiated at initial dose rate of 2.59 cGy/h in vitro and exposed to 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 Gy. Meanwhile, the other part of cells were exposed to the same doses by 60 Co at dose rate of 2.21 Gy/min. After irradiation, the cells were stained by trypan blue to measure the cellular mortality rate and to compare the changes along with plating times of 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after 4 Gy. The colonies were counted to obtain the plating efficiencies by colony-forming assay and the cell surviving faction was calculated to plot cell survival curves, and RBE of 125 I seeds relative to 60 Co was determined. Results: The cell death rate for continuous low- dose-rate (LDR) irradiation by 125 I seeds was greater than 60 Co at the same doses above or equal to 4 Gy. After 4 Gy irradiation, the cellular mortality rates were increased with times. The difference was significant between 125 I seeds and 60 Co. The survival fractions of 125 I were lower than those of 60 Co, and the RBE of 125 I relative to 60 Co was determined to be 1.45. Conclusion: The cell-killing effects for continuous low-dose-rate (LDR) irradiation by 125 I seeds are greater than acute high-dose-rate of 60 Co. (authors)

Preparation of iodoinsulin with preserved biological activity. [/sup 125/I, /sup 127/I

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dominiczak, M [Akademia Medyczna, Gdansk (Poland)

1978-01-01

The paper presents a method of receiving iodoinsulin with preserved biological activity. As a raw material, recrystallized bovine insulin produced by ''Polfa'' was used. Chloramine T was used as an oxidizing agent in the iodide reaction. Insulin was labelled with /sup 125/I or /sup 127/I at a molar concentration of 0.6/n NaI to insulin. Obtained product contained about 0.3 iodine atoms per insulin molecule. Specific radioactivity of the iodoinsulin was between 77 and 147 ..mu..Ci/..mu..g. Such an insulin was over 95% precipitable with trichloroacetic acid. Its immunological reactivity varied from 89% to 100% while its biological activity, determined using the consumption of glucose by the fatty tissue of rat epididymis was 92% +- 24% of the native insulin activity. The half-life of /sup 125/I-insulin in the rat blood circulation was determined the clearance curve being biphasic. The half-life of the first phase (shorter one) was 0.64 +- 0.2 minute while the longer phase 8.89 +- 2.16 minutes.

125I therapy in Graves' disease. Long-term results in 355 patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McDougall, I.R.; Greig, W.R.

1976-01-01

Because of the physical and radiobiologic differences between 125 I and 131 I, a trial using 125 I to treat hyperthyroidism was undertaken in the hope of controlling hyperthyroidism without causing subsequent hypothyroidism. Three hundred fifty-five patients with diffuse toxic goitres were treated and have been under review for an average of 49.4 months: 63.4 percent are euthyroid, 33.5 percent are hypothyroid, and 3.1 percent remain hyperthyroid. Different groups of patients received a wide range of doses of 125 I (4.0 to 56.0 mCi), and the lowest incidence of hypothyroidism (23 percent) was in the group that received between 6.0 and 10.5 mCi. Sixty-three percent of the patients whose initial dose was greater than 20.0 mCi are hypothyroid. Persistent hyperthyroidism was common in patients who received small doses. Because of the high incidence of posttreatment hypothyroidism in this series and because 131 I has stood the test of time, we believe that 131 I is the radionuclide of choice for the routine treatment of hyperthyroidism

Autoradiography for iodine-125 seeds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alberti, W.; Divoux, S.; Pothmann, B.; Tabor, P.; Hermann, K.P.; Harder, D.

1993-01-01

To study the interior design of model 6702 and 6711 iodine-125 seeds, contact autoradiographs were performed using mammography film. Improved resolution was obtained using a pin-hole camera with a hole of 0.1 mm x 0.1 mm. With these techniques, qualitative determination of the relative activity distribution within each seed was possible. The number of the activated resin spheres and the positions of the centers of these spheres can be exactly determined. A model calculation shows that variations in the arrangement of the activated spheres within a seed have a moderate influence on the dose distribution at source distances below 10 mm. Knowing the exact source configuration may be useful when comparing dose calculations with measured data for model 6702 125 I seeds which are currently employed in ophthalmic plaque and implant therapy of other tumors. 16 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs

Determination of activity of I-125 applying sum-peak methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arbelo Penna, Y.; Hernandez Rivero, A.T.; Oropesa Verdecia, P.; Serra Aguila, R.; Moreno Leon, Y.

2011-01-01

The determination of activity of I-125 in radioactive solutions, applying sum-peak methods, by using an n-type HPGe detector of extended range is described. Two procedures were used for obtaining I-125 specific activity in solutions: a) an absolute method, which is independent of nuclear parameters and detector efficiency, and b) an option which consider constant the efficiency in the region of interest and involves calculations using nuclear parameters. The measurement geometries studied are specifically solid point sources. The relative deviations between specific activities, obtained by these different procedures are not higher than 1 %. Moreover, the activity of the radioactive solution was obtained by measuring it in NIST ampoule using a CAPINTEC CRC 35R dose calibrator. The consistency of obtained results, confirm the feasibility of applying direct methods of measurement for I-125 activity determinations, which allow us to achieve lower uncertainties in comparison with the relative methods of measurement. The establishment of these methods is aimed to be applied for the calibration of equipment and radionuclide dose calibrators used currently in clinical RIA/IRMA assays and Nuclear medicine practice respectively. (Author)

Binding of 125I-labeled proteinases to plasma proteins in cystic fibrosis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Romeo, G; Parsons, M; Bossen, A; Blessing-Moore, J; Cavalli-Sforza, L L

1979-09-01

Samples of plasma or serum from 53 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, 90 relatives of CF patients, and 159 controls have been incubated with porcine or bovine 125I-trypsin, electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gel, and autoradiographed. In these individuals, the main binding protein for 125I-trypsin has been shown to be alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M)> Using this method of analysis, no difference in electrophoretic migration of 125I-trypsin-alpha 2M complexes has been observed between CF ad control individuals. However, trypsin binding to IgG has been observed in 80% of CF patients, 30% of their mothers, 3% of controls, and in two patients affected with pancreatitis. Experimental evidence indicates that binding of trypsin to IgG occurs through the Fab portion of the molecule.

Dosimetric results in implant and post-implant and low rate in brachytherapy prostate cancer with loose seeds and attached; Resultados dosimetricos en el implante y post-impante en braquiterapia de baja tasa en cancer de prostata con semillas sueltas y unidas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Juan-Senabre, X. J.; Albert Antequera, M.; Lopez-Tarjuelo, J.; Santos Serra, A.; Perez-Mestre, M.; Sanchez Iglesias, A. L.; Conde Moreno, A. J.; Gonzalez Vidal, V.; Beltran Persiva, J.; Muelas Soria, R.; Ferrer Albiach, C.

2015-07-01

The objective is determine differences dosimetry statistics on the dosimetry of the implant and post-implant in brachytherapy of low rate with implants permanent in prostate using seed of 125-I loose and attached Both in lives and in the post-prostatic plans dosimetric coverage is good and restrictions in urethra and rectum for both groups of patients are met. Not migrating with joined is evident, as well as better dosimetric homogeneity. (Author)

Clinical effects of FP and Addie injection combined with 125I seed implantation in treating advanced primary liver cancer%FP+艾迪注射液联合125I粒子植入治疗中晚期原发性肝癌的临床研究

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

张大为; 何津; 吴会静; 张海光; 张青芸; 马一夫; 马龙滨; 陈宝明

2016-01-01

Objective To observe the clinical effects of FP (5-fluorouracil and cisplatin) and Addie injection combined with 125I seed implantation in treating advanced primary liver cancer. Methods Ninety-five patients with pri-mary liver cancer who were admitted in People's Hospital of Tangshan City between February 2012 and July 2015 were selected as subjects and were randomized into observation group (n=50) and control group (n=45) by random number ta-ble method. The control group was treated with FP combined with 125I seed implantation. On the basis, the observation group was treated additionally with Addie injection, for 2 courses of treatment. The clinical remission rate, Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores and peripheral blood white blood cell count before and after treatment, incidence of ad-verse reactions, 1-year and 2-year survival rates were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the clinical remission rate in observation group (36.0%) was significantly higher than that in control group of 17.8%, P0.05). After treatment, KPS scores of the two groups were increased to (85.3±5.0) and (79.3±5.2) respectively, while peripheral blood white blood cell count were decreased to (5.0±1.6)×109/L and (3.1 ± 1.3) × 109/L, respectively, with statistically significant difference compared with those before treatment and be-tween the two groups (all P0.05);治疗后,观察组与对照组患者的KPS评分分别升高至(85.3±5.0)分、(79.3±5.2)分,外周血白细胞计数分别减少至(5.0±1.6)×109/L、(3.1±1.3)×109/L,较治疗前均改善明显,且观察组治疗后的KPS评分、外周血白细胞计数均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 FP+艾迪注射液联合125I粒子植入治疗中晚期原发性肝癌能明显提高临床缓解率与KPS评分,抑制白细胞减少,生存时间得以延长,值得临床推广应用.

Amino acid tolerance test using L-β-phenylalanine-125I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hafiez, A.A.; Megahed, Y.M.; Ismail, A.A.; Abdel-Wahab, M.F.; Khater, R.A.

1978-01-01

An amino acid tolerance test is described. L-β-phenylalanine- 125 I was used as representative of L-amino acids. The change in radioactivity of the blood after giving a test dose of tagged L-β-phenylalanine was also investigated. L-β-phenylalanine- 125 I tolerance curves were found to be irreproducible when the test dose was given without a carrier. The addition of 2.5 g untagged phenylalanine as a carrier to the test dose allowed a reproducible and precise type of tolerance curves. Metformin in a dose of 0.5 g t.d.s. for three days induced an inhibitory effect on amino acid absorption in normal persons. (author)

I-125 ellipticines as melanoma imaging radiopharmaceuticals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heindel, N.D.; Wilson, A.; Varkey, T.; Garnes, K.; Burns, H.D.

1990-01-01

Polycyclic nitrogen heterocyclics such as ellipticine are high affinity binders to melanin and DNA. In search of a melanoma imaging agent the authors developed syntheses for I-125 analogs within two new classes of this anti-tumor agent. One of these substances displayed marked anti-tumor activity, strong DNA binding, a 10/1 tumor/blood and a 25/1 eye/blood ratio at 48 hrs post-dosing

Selective binding of 2-[{sup 125}I]iodo-nisoxetine to norepinephrine transporters in the brain

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kung, M.-P.; Choi, Seok-Rye; Hou, Catherine; Zhuang, Z.-P.; Foulon, Catherine; Kung, Hank F. E-mail: kunghf@sunmac.spect.upenn.edu

2004-07-01

A radioiodinated ligand, (R)-N-methyl-(2-[{sup 125}I]iodo-phenoxy)-3-phenylpropylamine, [{sup 125}I]2-INXT, targeting norepinephrine transporters (NET), was successfully prepared. A no-carrier-added product, [{sup 125}I]2-INXT, displayed a saturable binding with a high affinity (K{sub d}=0.06 nM) in the homogenates prepared from rat cortical tissues as well as from LLC-PK{sub 1} cells expressing NET. A relatively low number of binding sties (B{sub max}=55 fmol/mg protein) measured with [{sup 125}I]2-INXT in rat cortical homogenates is consistent with the value reported for a known NET ligand, [{sup 3}H]nisoxetine. Competition studies with various compounds on [{sup 125}I]2-INXT binding clearly confirmed the pharmacological specificity and selectivity for NET binding sites. Following a tail-vein injection of [{sup 125}I]2-INXT in rats, a good initial brain uptake was observed (0.56% dose at 2 min) followed by a slow washout from the brain (0.2% remained at 3 hours post-injection). The hypothalamus (a NET-rich region) to striatum (a region devoid of NET) ratio was 1.5 at 3 hours post-i.v. injection. Pretreatment of rats with nisoxetine significantly inhibited the uptake of [{sup 125}I]2-INXT (70-100% inhibition) in locus coeruleus, hypothalamus and raphe nuclei, regions known to have a high density of NET; whereas escitalopram, a serotonin transporter ligand, did not show a similar effect. Ex vivo autoradiography of rat brain sections of [{sup 125}I]2-INXT (at 3 hours after an i.v. injection) displayed an excellent regional brain localization pattern corroborated to the specific NET distribution in the brain. The specific brain localization was significantly reduced by a dose of nisoxetine pretreatment. Taken together, the data suggest that [{sup 123}I]2-INXT may be useful for mapping NET binding sites in the brain.

Radioiodination of melagenine-II with I-125 (preliminary study)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Caso, R.; Ruiz, M.

1996-01-01

Radioiodination of Melagenine-II with I-125 farmacokinetic studies was made, using Chloramine-T method. Radiochemical purity and stability of the labelled product were determined by radiochromatography. The labelled Melagenine-II showed two radioactive fractions

Vivo dosimetry using TLD detectors in prostate seed implants of I-125: preliminary results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez-Reyes, A.; Pedro, A.; Bassas, P.; Duch, M. A.; Cros, M.; Mane, S.

2011-01-01

We present preliminary results of a new in vivo dosimetry technique that could allow to know immediately after implantation of the prostate if the dose distribution determined by the scheduler is similar to the actual dose measured with TLD detectors.

Fragmentation of Nimotuzumab for Preparation of 125I-F(ab’)2-Nimotuzumab as a Precursor for Preparing 125I-F(ab’)2-Nimotuzumab-NLS Radiopharmaceutical for Cancer Therapy

OpenAIRE

R.D. Haryuni; A. Bahtiar; S. Soenarjo; Y. Harahap; A. Mutalib; M. Ramli; S. Hermanto; C.N. Ardiyatno; V.Y. Susilo; D. Haffid

2014-01-01

Nimotuzumab is an anticancer agent which belongs to the inhibitor group of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). Thismonoclonal antibody has a relatively high molecular weight which slowspenetration on tumor cells, making it less attractive in imaging kinetics and potentially elicits antibodies responses. Therefore, in this study nimotuzumab was fragmented to form a bivalent antibody [F(ab')2] and then labeled with 125I to form 125I-F(ab')2-nimotuzumab which can be used further as a precur...

Influence of glucose and urea on 125I transport across an anion exchange paper membrane

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Inoue, Hiroyoshi

2001-01-01

In order to study the influence of glucose and urea on the 125 I transport across an anion exchange paper membrane, the transmembrane potential, the fluxes, and the concentrations of 125 I, glucose and urea within the membrane were measured in the Na 125 I concentration-cell system containing glucose or urea. Glucose and urea increased the membrane/solution distribution of the iodide ion, but scarcely affected the diffusion process of iodide ion within the membrane

Synthesis and biological evaluation of I-125/I-123-labelled analogues of citalopram and escitalopram as potential radioligands for imaging of the serotonin transporter

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Madsen, Jacob; Elfving, Betina; Frokjaer, Vibe G.

2011-01-01

Two novel radioligands for the serotonin transporter (SERT), [I-125]{3-[5-iodo-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-1-yl]-propyl}-dimethylamine ([I-125]-2) and S-[I-125]{3-[5-iodo-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-1-yl]-propyl}-dimethylamine ([I-125]-(S)-2) were synthesized in a ...... of the radioligand in imaging cortical SERT distribution in vivo. These data suggest that the iodine-labelled derivatives of citalopram and escitalopram are not superior to another SPECT tracer for the SERT, namely [I-123] ADAM....

Carcinological results at five years of the prostate brachytherapy by iodine 125 implants. About 327 cases; Resultats carcinologiques a cinq ans de la curietherapie de prostate par implants d'iode 125. A propos de 327 cas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peiffert, D.; Bernier, V.; Aletti, P.; Noela, A.; Marchesi, V. [Centre Alexis-Vautrin, 54 - Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy (France); Cormier, L.; Moreau, J.L. [CHU, Service d' Urologie, 54 - Nancy (France)

2006-11-15

The prostate brachytherapy by iodine 125 implants is reserved to patients damaged by a favourable prognosis cancer. The objective of this study is to present the carcinological results at five years in these indications with a technique keeping urethra. The achieving of a P.S.A. nadir inferior to 0.5 ng/ml is long. the technique used in this study keeping urethra and respecting the inclusion criteria recommended allows to get results as less equivalent as these ones of big series previously published with a low failure rate. (N.C.)

Evaluation of the Coat-A-Count 125I fentanyl RIA: Comparison of 125I RIA and GC/MS-SIM for quantification of fentanyl in case urine specimens

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watts, V.W.; Caplan, Y.H.

1990-01-01

The Coat-A-Count solid phase 125 I Fentanyl Radioimmunoassay was evaluated with respect to linearity and precision using equine urine fortified with fentanyl and then compared with a gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric method for quantification of fentanyl in urine. The RIA assay was found to be linear over the urine fentanyl concentration range of 0.25 to 7.5 ng/mL and precise with coefficients of variation (CV) ranging from 9.6 to 19.3%. The RIA calibrators, ranging in fentanyl concentrations from 0.25 to 7.5 ng/mL, and controls, at mean fentanyl concentrations of 0.46 and 1.32 ng/mL, were compared by both the RIA and GC/MS methods. The cross-reactivity with the 125 I RIA test was determined for the fentanyl metabolites, norfentanyl and hydroxyfentanyl, and found to be 5% and 35%, respectively. The illicit fentanyl analogs were found to show significant cross-reactivity, ranging from 20 to 100%. The 125 I RIA was compared to GC/MS quantifications of fentanyl in 35 positive and 20 negative case urine specimens

Airway necrosis after salvage esophagectomy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tanaka, Norimitsu; Hokamura, Nobukazu; Tachimori, Yuji

2010-01-01

Salvage esophagectomy is the sole curative intent treatment for patients with persistent or recurrent locoregional disease after definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for esophageal carcinoma. However, salvage esophagectomy is a very high-risk operation, and airway necrosis is a fatal complication. Between 1997 and 2007, 49 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer underwent salvage esophagectomy after definitive CRT. We retrospectively compared patients with and without airway necrosis, and investigated operative procedures related to airway necrosis. Airway necrosis occurred in five patients (10.2%), of four patients (80%) died during their hospitalization. Airway necrosis seemed to be closely related to operative procedures, such as resection of bronchial artery and cervical and subcarinal lymph node dissection. Bronchogastric fistula following necrosis of gastric conduit occured in 2 patients reconstructed through posterior mediastinal route. Airway necrosis is a highly lethal complication after salvage esophagectomy. It is important in salvage esophagectomy to take airway blood supply into consideration sufficiently and to reconstruct through retrosternal route to prevent bronchogastric fistula. (author)

Anti-tumor effects of Egr-IFN gamma gene therapy combined with {sup 125}I-UdR radionuclide therapy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jingguo, Zhao [No.403 Hospital of PLA, Dalian (China); Yanjun, Ni; Xiangfu, Song; Yanyi, Li; Wei, Yang; Ting, Sun; Qingjie, Ma; Fengtong, Gao

2008-12-15

Objective: To explore the anti-tumor effects of Egr-IFNgamma gene therapy combined with {sup 125}I-UdR radionuclide therapy in mice bearing H22 hepatocarcinoma and its mechanism. Methods: The recombinant plasmid pcDNAEgr-IFNgamma mixed with liposome was injected into tumor. 48 h later, 370 kBq {sup 125}I-UdR was injected into tumor. The tumor growth rates at different times were observed. After 3 d gene-radionuclide therapy, the concentration of IFNgamma in cytoplasm of H22 cells and cytotoxic activities of splenic CTL of the mice in different groups were examined. Results: The tumor growth rates of pcDNAEgr-IFNgamma + {sup 125}I-UdR group were obviously lower than those of control group, {sup 125}I-UdR group and pcDNAEgr-1 + {sup 125}I-UdR group 6-15 d after gene-radionuclide therapy. IFNgamma protein was found in cytoplasm of H22 cells in pcDNAEgr-IFNgamma + {sup 125}I-UdR group after 3 d gene-radionuclide therapy. Cytotoxic activity of splenic CTL in pcDNAEgr-IFNgamma + {sup 125}I-UdR group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.01). Conclusions: The anti-tumor effects in vivo of pcDNAEgr-IFNgamma gene therapy combined with {sup 125}I-UdR radionuclide therapy are better than those of {sup 125}I-UdR therapy. (authors)

40 CFR 1048.125 - What maintenance instructions must I give to buyers?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... using fuel that causes substantially more engine performance problems than commercial fuels of the same... give to buyers? 1048.125 Section 1048.125 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY... intervals, except as specified in paragraphs (a)(3), (b) and (c) of this section: (i) For catalysts, fuel...

An instrument for measurement of 125I with automatic efficiency correction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holford, R.M.

1979-10-01

Counting efficiencies for 125 I are often uncertain because of self-absorption of the low-energy radiation. A special purpose instrument, AEP-5285, has been designed to simplify the measurement of 125 I activities using a known technique in which the observed counting rate is compensated for self-absorption and any other uncertainties in the counting efficiency by making use of the coicidence properties of the radiation. The instrument contains pulse amplifiers, discriminators to define the energy regions of interest, and operational amplifier circuits to perform the necessary calculations automatically, and it displays an estimate of the source activity in becquerels. (auth)

Calibration of the Accuscan II In Vivo System for I-125 Thyroid Counting

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ovard R. Perry; David L. Georgeson

2011-07-01

This report describes the March 2011 calibration of the Accuscan II HpGe In Vivo system for I-125 thyroid counting. The source used for the calibration was a DOE manufactured Am-241/Eu-152 source contained in a 22 ml vial BEA Am-241/Eu-152 RMC II-1 with energies from 26 keV to 344 keV. The center of the detector housing was positioned 64 inches from the vault floor. This position places the approximate center line of the detector housing at the center line of the source in the phantom thyroid tube. The energy and efficiency calibration were performed using an RMC II phantom (Appendix J). Performance testing was conducted using source BEA Am-241/Eu-152 RMC II-1 and Validation testing was performed using an I-125 source in a 30 ml vial (I-125 BEA Thyroid 002) and an ANSI N44.3 phantom (Appendix I). This report includes an overview introduction and records for the energy/FWHM and efficiency calibration including performance verification and validation counting. The Accuscan II system was successfully calibrated for counting the thyroid for I-125 and verified in accordance with ANSI/HPS N13.30-1996 criteria.

Studies on the influence on the excretory kinetics of 125I-Adipiodon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koenig, H.

1982-01-01

The possibility of influencing distribution and elimination of 125 I-Adipiodon ( 125 I-iodipamide meglumine) by a preceding administration of Falignost (iomeglamic acid) as well as by dose-time variants of the mechanic intravenous application of contrast medium was tested in 55 anicteric and 2 icteric patients within clinically indicated cholegraphic examination with the aim of methodical optimization. For the detection of principal regularities comparative studies with 125 I-Adipiodon and Falignost in rats as well as examinations of protein binding of 125 I-Adipiodon in the plasm of rats and in the plasm and in mixed serum (application in vitro) of patients by gel filtration with Epidex B 2 coarse and batch operation on more than 1,200 samples were additionally carried out. For combined cholecystography with intravenous infusion of Adipiodon in immediate temporal connection with the administration of Falignost a reduced visibility of the biliary tract in the X-ray picture is not to be expected as the consequence of the mutual influence of the contrast media. For intact excretory function of liver and kidneys the combined cholecystography can be recommended. The effects of a dose increase, of protracted infusion of Adipiodon and of the intravenous administration of 0.01 g metroclopramide on the demonstration of the biliary tract in the intravenous cholegram are outlined. (author)

Cortisol decreases 2[125I] iodomelatonin binding sites in the duck thymus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poon, A.M.S.; Liu, Z.M.; Tang, F.; Pang, S.F.

1994-01-01

The immunosuppressive effect of chronic glucocorticoid treatment on 2[ 125 I] iodomelatonin binding in the duck thymus was studied. Two-week-old ducks were injected intraperitoneally with either 1 mg of cortisol per day (experimental group) or an equivalent volume of vehicle (control group) in the middle of the light period for seven days. 2[ 125 I] iodomelatonin binding assays were performed on thymic membranes. Cortisol injection reduced the body weight gain, size of the bursa of Fabricius and absolute weights of the primary lymphoid organs but had no effect on the spleen weights. The relative weights of the spleen were increased while those of the primary lymphoid organs were unchanged. The density of the thymus 2[ 125 I] iodomelatonin binding sites was decreased while the affinity was not affected. The modulation of the thymic 2[ 125 I] iodomelatonin binding sites by changes in the immune status of the duck suggests that these binding sites represent physiologically relevant melatonin receptors and that melatonin exerts its action on the lymphoid tissues directly. The authors findings support the hypothesis that the thymus is the target site for the immunomodulatory interactions between the pineal melatonin and the adrenal steroids. A possible inhibitory influence of adrenal steroids on the immuno-enhancing effect of melatonin is also suggested. 34 refs., 3 tabs

Effects of age and sex on 125I-β-CIT binding to DAT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Xingdang; Lin Xiangtong

2000-01-01

Objective: To investigate effects of age and sex on 125 I-β-CIT binding to dopamine transporter (DAT). Methods: Detection of the differences in 125 I-β-CIT binding kinetics in vivo between 6 week and 6 month old KM mice, and the differences of in vivo binding between female and male, and between 3 month and 12 month old SD rats.The animals were sacrificed 2 h after injection. Results: Uptake of 125 I-β-CIT in the striatum, frontal cortex, parietal cortex, temporal cortex, occipital cortex, hippocampus, brain stem and whole brain in 6 week old mice was higher than that in 6 month old mice, and similar uptake pattern happened in between 3 month old and in 12 month old SD rats. In 12 months old SD rats, female rats had higher uptake in the striatum than male rats did. Conclusions: Young mice and rats have a higher uptake of 125 I-β-CIT in the striatum than aged ones and female rats have a higher uptake than male ones do. This result indicates that the density of DAT in rat or mouse striatum may be reduced with aging

Improvement of kink characteristic of proton-implanted VCSEL with ITO overcoating

Science.gov (United States)

Lai, Fang-I.; Chang, Ya-Hsien; Laih, Li-Hong; Kuo, Hao-chung; Wang, S. C.

2004-06-01

Proton implanted VCSEL has been demonstrated with good reliability and decent modulation speed up to 1.25 Gb/s. However, kinks in current vs light output (L-I) has been always an issue in the gain-guided proton implant VCSEL. The kink related jitter and noise performance made it difficult to meet 2.5 Gb/s (OC-48) requirement. The kinks in L-I curve can be attributed to non-uniform carrier distribution induced non-uniform gain distribution within emission area. In this paper, the effects of a Ti/ITO transparent over-coating on the proton-implanted AlGaAs/GaAs VCSELs (15um diameter aperture) are investigated. The kinks distribution in L-I characteristics from a 2 inch wafer is greatly improved compared to conventional process. These VCSELs exhibit nearly kink-free L-I output performance with threshold currents ~3 mA, and the slope efficiencies ~ 0.25 W/A. The near-field emission patterns suggest the Ti/ITO over-coating facilitates the current spreading and uniform carrier distribution of the top VCSEL contact thus enhancing the laser performance. Finally, we performed high speed modulation measurement. The eye diagram of proton-implanted VCSELs with Ti/ITO transparent over-coating operating at 2.125 Gb/s with 10mA bias and 9dB extinction ratio shows very clean eye with jitter less than 35 ps.

Transurethral resection of the prostate for patients with grade III urinary symptoms following transperineal implantation of the prostate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Potters, L; Waldbaum, R; Bosworth, J; Ashley, R

1996-01-01

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE: Patients (Pts) undergoing a I-125 or Pd-103 transperineal implant of the prostate (TPIP) experience urethritis of a varying degree. Most pts with mild to moderate symptoms can be treated with alpha blocking agents. Few pts will experience urethritis that does not respond to medical management, or persists beyond three half life's of the isotope. These pts will have significant quality of life complaints related to their symptoms. The purpose of this study is to present our results of Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for patients with grade III urethritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between November 1992 and January 1996, 378 patients underwent TPIP for clinically localized cancer. Treatment consisted of either a Pd-103 or I-125 implant either alone or in combination with external beam radiation and/or hormones. All the implants used a peripheral loading and urethral sparing technique. All pts were followed after the implant and assessed by DRE, PSA, and symptoms. The grading of urinary symptoms was as follows: Grade I-successful relief with pyridium or an equivalent medication, Grade II-pts requiring various doses of alpha blockers, Grade III-pts with persistent symptoms despite medical management. RESULTS: Of the 378 pts undergoing implant, 358 had sufficient follow-up to be included in this review. Forty two pts (12%) received hormone downsizing prior to implantation. Two hundred and two (56%) underwent a Pd-103 implant and 156 (44%) a I-125 implant; 15 underwent EBRT plus I-125 and 27 with EBRT and Pd-103. One hundred and fifty five (43%) pts experienced grade I urethritis during the first three half life's of the implant, while 116 (32%) experienced grade II urethritis. Twenty eight pts (8%) experienced grade III urethritis that persisted beyond three half life's of the implant. All grade III pts were offered TURP and 26 elected to undergo this procedure. Of the twenty six pts undergoing TURP, 100% experienced relief of their

125I-human epidermal growth factor specific binding to placentas and fetal membranes from varoius pregnancy states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hofmann, G.E.; Siddiqi, T.A.; Rao, Ch. V.; Carman, F.R.

1988-01-01

Specific binding of 125 I-human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) to homogenates of term human placentas and fetal membranes from normal and appropriate for gestational age (N = 20), intrauterine growth retarded (N = 9), twin (N = 11), White class A/B diabetic (N = 12), and large for gestational age (N = 13) pregnancies was measured. In all pregnancy states, placentas bound approximately four times more 125 I-hEGF than did fetal membranes (P 125 I-hEGF binding to fetal membranes from the various pregnancy states (P 125 I-hEGF specific binding to placentas from intrauterine growth retarded or twin pregnancies was significantly greater compared with placentas from normal and appropriate for gestational age pregnancies (P 125 I-hEGF specific binding did not differ between placentas from intrauterine growth retarded or twin pregnancies (P 125 I-hEGF binding did not vary with fetal sex, maternal race, placental weight, or gestational age between 37 to 42 weeks (P 125 I-hEGF binding increased with increasing infant weight when appropriate for gestational age and large for gestational age infants were included (P<0.05, r = 0.38, N = 32) but not for intrauterine growth retarded, appropriate for gestational age, or large for gestational age infants alone. (author)

25 CFR 700.99 - Salvage value.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Salvage value. 700.99 Section 700.99 Indians THE OFFICE OF NAVAJO AND HOPI INDIAN RELOCATION COMMISSION OPERATIONS AND RELOCATION PROCEDURES General Policies and Instructions Definitions § 700.99 Salvage value. Salvage value means the probable sale price of an...

Autoradiographic localization of putative nicotinic receptors in the rat brain using 125I-neuronal bungarotoxin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schulz, D.W.; Loring, R.H.; Aizenman, E.; Zigmond, R.E.

1991-01-01

Neuronal bungarotoxin (NBT), a snake venom neurotoxin, selectively blocks nicotinic receptors in many peripheral and central neuronal preparations. alpha-Bungarotoxin (alpha BT), on the other hand, a second toxin isolated from the venom of the same snake, is an ineffective nicotinic antagonist in most vertebrate neuronal preparations studied thus far. To examine central nicotinic receptors recognized by NBT, we have characterized the binding of 125I-labeled NBT (125I-NBT) to rat brain membranes and have mapped the distribution of 125I-NBT binding in brain sections using quantitative light microscopic autoradiography. The binding of 125I-NBT was found to be saturable, of high affinity, and heterogeneously distributed in the brain. Pharmacological studies suggested that more than one population of sites is labeled by 125I-NBT. For example, one component of 125I-NBT binding was also recognized by alpha BT, while a second component, not recognized by alpha BT, was recognized by the nicotinic agonist nicotine. The highest densities of these alpha BT-insensitive, nicotine-sensitive sites were found in the fasciculus retroflexus, the lateral geniculate nucleus, the medial terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract, and the olivary pretectal nucleus. alpha BT-sensitive NBT binding sites were found in highest density in the lateral geniculate nucleus, the subthalamic nucleus, the dorsal tegmental nucleus, and the medial mammillary nucleus (lateral part). The number of brain regions with a high density of 125I-NBT binding sites, blocked either by alpha BT or by nicotine, is low when compared with results obtained using other approaches to studying the central distribution of nicotinic receptors, such as labeling with 3H-nicotine or labeling with cDNA probes to mRNAs coding for putative receptor subunits

Influence of source batch Sk dispersion on dosimetry for prostate cancer treatment with permanent implants

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nunez-Cumplido, Eduardo; Perez-Calatayud, J; Casares-Magaz, O

2015-01-01

PURPOSE: In clinical practice, specific air kerma strength (SK) value is used in treatment planning system (TPS) permanent brachytherapy implant calculations with (125)I and (103)Pd sources; in fact, commercial TPS provide only one SK input value for all implanted sources and the certified shipment...

Synthesis, in vitro binding, and tissue distribution of radioiodinated 2-[125I]N-(N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-iodo benzamide, 2-[125I]BP: a potential σ receptor marker for human prostate tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

John, Christy S.; Gulden, Mary E.; Li, Jinghua; Bowen, Wayne D.; McAfee, John G.; Thakur, Mathew L.

1998-01-01

The preclinical evaluation of a σ receptor-specific radiopharmaceutical that binds to human prostate tumor cells with a high affinity is described. We have synthesized and radioiodinated 2-[ 125 I]-N-(N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-iodobenzamide (2-[ 125 I]BP) that possesses high affinity for both σ-1 and σ-2 receptor subtypes that are expressed on a variety of tumor cells. 2-IBP was synthesized, purified and characterized by routine spectroscopic and analytical methods. Radioiodination was accomplished using an oxidative iododestannylation reaction in the presence of chloramine T in high yields (76%-93%) with a very high-specific activity (1700-1900 Ci/mmol). The in vitro competition binding studies of 2-[ 125 I]BP with various σ receptor ligands in LnCAP human prostate tumor cells showed a dose-dependent saturable binding. The inhibition constants (K i , nM) for binding of 2-[ 125 I]BP to human prostate tumor cells for 4-IBP, haloperidol and 2-IBP were 4.09, 6.34 and 1.6 nM, respectively. The clearance of 2-[ 125 I]BP, in Sprague-Dawley rats, was rapid from the blood pool, other normal tissues and the total body. Tissue distribution studies in nude mice bearing human prostate tumor (DU-145) also showed a fast clearance from normal organs. The tumor had the highest percentage of injected dose per gram (%ID/g) of all tissues at 4 h as well as 24 h (2.0 ± 0.05 and 0.147 ± 0.038 ID/g, respectively) postinjection. The in vivo receptor binding specificity was demonstrated using haloperidol (a known high-affinity σ receptor ligand). A significant decrease (>50%, p = 0.001) was observed in tumor concentration when haloperidol was used as a blocking agent. The high affinity of 2-[ 125 I]BP for σ receptor-binding sites, its fast in vivo clearance from normal organs and its high uptake and retention in tumor implies that 2-[ 123 I]BP or 2-[ 131 I]BP may be a promising tracer for noninvasive imaging of human prostate tumors

iNOS Activity Modulates Inflammation, Angiogenesis, and Tissue Fibrosis in Polyether-Polyurethane Synthetic Implants.

Science.gov (United States)

Cassini-Vieira, Puebla; Araújo, Fernanda Assis; da Costa Dias, Filipi Leles; Russo, Remo Castro; Andrade, Silvia Passos; Teixeira, Mauro Martins; Barcelos, Luciola Silva

2015-01-01

There is considerable interest in implantation techniques and scaffolds for tissue engineering and, for safety and biocompatibility reasons, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis need to be determined. The contribution of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the regulation of the foreign body reaction induced by subcutaneous implantation of a synthetic matrix was never investigated. Here, we examined the role of iNOS in angiogenesis, inflammation, and collagen deposition induced by polyether-polyurethane synthetic implants, using mice with targeted disruption of the iNOS gene (iNOS(-/-)) and wild-type (WT) mice. The hemoglobin content and number of vessels were decreased in the implants of iNOS(-/-) mice compared to WT mice 14 days after implantation. VEGF levels were also reduced in the implants of iNOS(-/-) mice. In contrast, the iNOS(-/-) implants exhibited an increased neutrophil and macrophage infiltration. However, no alterations were observed in levels of CXCL1 and CCL2, chemokines related to neutrophil and macrophage migration, respectively. Furthermore, the implants of iNOS(-/-) mice showed boosted collagen deposition. These data suggest that iNOS activity controls inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrogenesis in polyether-polyurethane synthetic implants and that lack of iNOS expression increases foreign body reaction to implants in mice.

iNOS Activity Modulates Inflammation, Angiogenesis, and Tissue Fibrosis in Polyether-Polyurethane Synthetic Implants

Science.gov (United States)

Cassini-Vieira, Puebla; Araújo, Fernanda Assis; da Costa Dias, Filipi Leles; Russo, Remo Castro; Andrade, Silvia Passos; Teixeira, Mauro Martins; Barcelos, Luciola Silva

2015-01-01

There is considerable interest in implantation techniques and scaffolds for tissue engineering and, for safety and biocompatibility reasons, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis need to be determined. The contribution of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the regulation of the foreign body reaction induced by subcutaneous implantation of a synthetic matrix was never investigated. Here, we examined the role of iNOS in angiogenesis, inflammation, and collagen deposition induced by polyether-polyurethane synthetic implants, using mice with targeted disruption of the iNOS gene (iNOS−/−) and wild-type (WT) mice. The hemoglobin content and number of vessels were decreased in the implants of iNOS−/− mice compared to WT mice 14 days after implantation. VEGF levels were also reduced in the implants of iNOS−/− mice. In contrast, the iNOS−/− implants exhibited an increased neutrophil and macrophage infiltration. However, no alterations were observed in levels of CXCL1 and CCL2, chemokines related to neutrophil and macrophage migration, respectively. Furthermore, the implants of iNOS−/− mice showed boosted collagen deposition. These data suggest that iNOS activity controls inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrogenesis in polyether-polyurethane synthetic implants and that lack of iNOS expression increases foreign body reaction to implants in mice. PMID:26106257

Specific uptake, dissociation, and degradation of 125I-labeled insulin in isolated turtle (Chrysemys dorbigni) thyroid glands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marques, M.; da Silva, R.S.; Turyn, D.; Dellacha, J.M.

1985-01-01

Thyroid glands from turtles (Chrysemys dorbigni) pretreated with potassium iodide were incubated with 125 I-insulin in the presence or absence of unlabeled insulin, in order to study its specific uptake. At 24 degrees, the specific uptake reached a plateau at 180 min of incubation. The dose of bovine insulin that inhibited 50% of the 125 I-insulin uptake was 2 micrograms/ml of incubation medium. Most of the radioactive material (71%) extracted from the gland, after 30 min incubation with 125 I-insulin, eluted in the same position as labeled insulin on Sephadex G-50. Only 24% eluted in the salt position. After 240 min incubation, increased amount of radioactivity appeared in the Na 125 I position. When bovine insulin was added together with the labeled hormone, a substantial reduction of radioactivity was observed in the insulin and Na 125 I elution positions. Dissociation studies were performed at 6 degrees in glands preincubated with 125 I-insulin either at 24 or 6 degrees. The percentage of trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-soluble radioactive material in the dissociation medium increased with incubation time at both temperatures. However, the degradation activity was lower at 6 than at 24 degrees. The addition of bovine insulin to the incubation buffer containing 125 I-insulin reduced the radioactive degradation products in the dissociated medium. Chloroquine or bacitracin inhibited the degradation activity. Incubation of thyroid glands with 125 I-hGH or 125 I-BSA showed values of uptake, dissociation, and degradation similar to those experiments in which an excess of bovine insulin was added together with the labeled hormone. Thus, by multiple criteria, such as specific uptake, dissociation, and degradation, the presence of insulin-binding sites in the turtle thyroid gland may be suggested

Photolabeling and radioligand binding of human erythrocyte NaK-ATPase with 125I-derivatives of cymarin and digitoxigenin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lowndes, J.M.

1988-01-01

NaK-ATPase is an enzyme which maintains Na + and K + gradients across the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells, and is specifically inhibited by cardiac glycosides. The cardiac glycoside binding site is located primarily on the catalytic α subunit but the glycoprotein β and proteolipid-γ subunits may also contribute to the structure of the site. In order to label the cardiac glycoside binding site of human erythrocytes, four photoaffinity ligands with very high specific radioactivity were synthesized. The compounds, which are abbreviated [ 125 I]AISC, [ 125 I]AIPP-GluD, [ 125 I]AIPP-GalD and [ 125 I]IA-GalD, were all effective photolabels for NaK-ATPase as shown by ouabain-protectable, covalent labeling of the α, β, and proteolipid-γ subunits. In order to study the possible existence of a very high affinity binding site in erythrocyte NaK-ATPase, a carrier-free radioligand, [ 125 I]I-TASC, was synthesized; this compound had the same structure as [ 125 I]AISC except that a light-sensitive azide group was replaced with a hydroxyl group. Competitive binding assays with cymarin against 0.2 nM [ 125 I]I-TASC suggested two classes of erythrocyte binding sites. Scatchard analysis of direct [ 125 I]I-TASC binding indicated that the very high affinity, low capacity class of erythrocyte bindings sites had a K D of 54 pM and a B max of 23 fmol/mg protein

Pharmacokinetics of 125-I-labelled meta-iodo-benzyl-guanidine : Preliminary results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mansouri, A.; Benhidour, A. , Algiers; Algeria)

1993-01-01

The study of some pharmacokinetics providing the mechanism of uptake amd metabolism parameters for the 125-I-mIBG is described. NMRI mice are used for plasma binding study, the animals are killed by decapitation after intravenously (IV) injection of 125-I-mIBG. Wistar rats are used in urinary excretion study. After IV injection, animals are placed in metabolic cages to collect urine. For biodistribution, the rats are killed at different time intervals. The considered organs are removed. The radioactivity of all parameters was performed by gamma counter. The results show that the blood clearance is very high after several hours post injection and very high after 72 hours. Furthermore, we note a rapid excretion of radioactivity 24 hours post injection. However, we observe that 72 hours after injection, the radioactivity per gram of different organs was normalized according to the adrenal glands. Also, we note, that the adrenal glands may be the only target organs 48 hours post injection. These results confirm that 125-I-mIBG a high affinity for the adrenergic innervation organs (Adrenal glands, salivary glands, heart and spleen)

Salvage felling in the Slovak forests in the period 2004–2013

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Kunca Andrej

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Salvage felling is one of the indicators of the forest health quality and stability. Most of the European Union countries monitor forest harmful agents, which account for salvage felling, in order to see trends or functionality between factors and to be able to predict their development. The systematic evidence of forest harmful agents and volume of salvage felling in Slovakia started at the Forest Research Institute in Zvolen in 1960. The paper focuses on the occurrence of the most relevant harmful agents and volume of salvage felling in the Slovak forests over the last decade. Within the 10 years period (2004–2013 salvage felling in Slovakia reached 42.31 mil. m3 of wood, which was 53.2% of the total felling. Wind and European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus damaged 78.4% of salvage wood, i.e. they were the most important pest agents. Norway spruce (Picea abies was the most frequently damaged tree species that represented the amount of 35.6 mil. m3 of wood (81.2% of total volume of salvage felling. As Norway spruce grows mostly in mountains, these regions of Central and Northern Slovakia were most affected. At the damaged localities new forests were prevailingly established with regard to suitable ecological conditions for trees, climate change scenarios and if possible, natural regeneration has been preferred. These approaches in forest stand regeneration together with silvicultural and control measures are assumed to gradually decrease the amount of salvage felling over long term perspective.

Combined stent placement and high dose PGE1 drip infusion for chronic occlusion of the superficial femoral artery as a modality to salvage chronic critical limb ischemia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ikushima, Ichiro [Department of Radiology, Miyakonojo Medical Association Hospital, 5822-3 Oiwadacho, Miyakonojo 885-0062 (Japan)], E-mail: iku-i@fk.enjoy.ne.jp; Hirai, Toshinori [Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University (Japan); Ishii, Akihiko [Department of Radiology, Miyakonojo Medical Association Hospital, 5822-3 Oiwadacho, Miyakonojo 885-0062 (Japan); Yamashita, Yasuyuki [Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University (Japan)

2008-04-15

Purpose: To assess the initial effect, short-term patency, and limb salvage rates of combined stent placement and high-dose prostaglandin E-1 (PGE1) drip infusion for chronic occlusion of the superficial femoral artery (SFA). Materials and methods: A total of 15 arteriosclerotic occlusive lesions of the SFA were treated in 11 consecutive patients (mean age: 78.4 years old). All cases were of category 4 or 5, based on the criteria of the Society of Vascular Surgery and Intermittent Society for Cardiovascular Surgery (SVC/ISCVS). In all cases a self-expandable stainless steel stent was implanted. PGE1 treatment was started 3-5 days before stent placement and continued for 7-10 days after the intervention. The technical success, limb salvage outcomes, patency rates, and complications were examined. Results: In all cases, the technical success rate of the procedure was 100%. After stent implantation, the clinical status of all cases was improved by at least +2, and major amputation was not required in any cases. The 12-month primary, secondary patency rates, and limb salvage rate were 57%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: Combined stent placement and high-dose PGE1 drip infusion is a treatment of choice for salvaging the lower limb of a patient with chronic critical ischemia.

Retrograde axonal transport of 125I-nerve growth factor in rat ileal mesenteric nerves. Effect of streptozocin diabetes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schmidt, R.E.; Plurad, S.B.; Saffitz, J.E.; Grabau, G.G.; Yip, H.K.

1985-01-01

The retrograde axonal transport of intravenously (i.v.) administered 125 I-nerve growth factor ( 125 I-NGF) was examined in mesenteric nerves innervating the small bowel of rats with streptozocin (STZ) diabetes using methods described in detail in the companion article. The accumulation of 125 I-NGF distal to a ligature on the ileal mesenteric nerves of diabetic animals was 30-40% less than in control animals. The inhibition of accumulation of 125 I-NGF in diabetic animals was greater at a ligature tied 2 h after i.v. administration than at a ligature tied after 14 h, which suggests that the diabetic animals may have a lag in initiation of NGF transport in the terminal axon or retardation of transport at some site along the axon. The 125 I-NGF transport defect was observed as early as 3 days after the induction of diabetes, a time before the development of structural axonal lesions, and did not worsen at later times when dystrophic axonopathy is present. Both the ileal mesenteric nerves, which eventually develop dystrophic axonopathy in experimental diabetes, and the jejunal mesenteric nerves, which never develop comparable structural alterations, showed similar 125 I-NGF transport deficits, suggesting that the existence of the transport abnormality does not predict the eventual development of dystrophic axonal lesions. Autoradiographic localization of 125 I-NGF in the ileal mesenteric nerves of animals that had been diabetic for 11-13 mo demonstrated decreased amounts of 125 I-NGF in transit in unligated paravascular nerve fascicles. There was, however, no evidence for focal retardation of transported 125 I-NGF at the sites of dystrophic axonal lesions

Moving toward focal therapy in prostate cancer: dual-isotope permanent seed implants as a possible solution.

Science.gov (United States)

Todor, Dorin A; Barani, Igor J; Lin, Peck-Sun; Anscher, Mitchell S

2011-09-01

To compare the ability of single- and dual-isotope prostate seed implants to escalate biologically effective dose (BED) to foci of disease while reducing prescription dose to the prostate. Nine plans, using 125I, 103Pd, and 131Cs alone and in combination were created retrospectively for 2 patients. Ultrasound and MRI/MRS datasets were used for treatment planning. Voxel-by-voxel BED was calculated for single- and dual-isotope plans. Equivalent uniform BED (EUBED) was used to compare plans. The MRS-positive planning target volumes (PTVi) were delineated along with PTV (prostate+5 mm), rectum, and urethra. Single-isotope implants, prescribed to conventional doses, were generated to achieve good PTV coverage. The PTVi were prospectively used to generate implants using mixtures of isotopes. For mixed-radioisotope implants, we also explored the impact on EUBED of lowering prescription doses by 15%. The EUBED of PTVi in the setting of primary 125I implant increased 20-66% when 103Pd and 131Cs were used compared with 125I boost. Decreasing prescription dose by 15% in mixed-isotope implants results in a potential 10% reduction in urethral EUBED with preservation of PTV coverage while still boosting PTVi (up to 80%). When radiobiologic parameters corresponding to more-aggressive disease are assigned to foci, faster-decaying isotopes used in mixed implants have the potential to preserve the equivalent biological effect of mono-isotope implants considering less-aggressive disease distributed in the entire prostate. This is a hypothesis-generating study proposing a treatment paradigm that could be the middle ground between whole-gland irradiation and focal-only treatment. The use of two isotopes concurrent with decreasing the minimal peripheral dose is shown to increase EUBED of selected subvolumes while preserving the therapeutic effect at the level of the gland. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Human platelet ( sup 125 I)R-DOI binding sites. Characterization by in vitro autoradiography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Himeno, A.; Saavedra, J.M. (National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD (USA))

1990-02-01

We quantified binding sites for 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodo-phenylisopropylamine (DOI), a 5-HT2 agonist and hallucinogen, in human platelets. We incubated sections from human platelet pellets with ({sup 125}I)R-DOI with or without 1 mumol/L ketanserin, followed by autoradiography and computerized microdensitometry. We corrected the values of binding density by the protein content of each section with a densitometric protein assay. The present method revealed a single class of high affinity binding sites for ({sup 125}I)R-DOI, with a Kd of 6.4 +/- 0.7 nmol/L and a Bmax of 100 +/- 10 fmol/mg protein. Kd and Bmax for ({sup 125}I)R-DOI determined by the classical membrane binding assay, were 2.7 +/- 0.4 nmol/L and 100 +/- 10 fmol/mg protein, respectively. The present method is precise, very sensitive, and allows the characterization of ({sup 125}I)R-DOI binding in sections obtained from as little as 3 ml of blood. Standardization is possible after correction by the protein content of each individual section.

Absolute quantitative autoradiography of low concentrations of [125I]-labeled proteins in arterial tissue

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schnitzer, J.J.; Morrel, E.M.; Colton, C.K.; Smith, K.A.; Stemerman, M.B.

1987-01-01

We developed a method for absolute quantitative autoradiographic measurement of very low concentrations of [ 125 I]-labeled proteins in arterial tissue using Kodak NTB-2 nuclear emulsion. A precise linear relationship between measured silver grain density and isotope concentration was obtained with uniformly labeled standard sources composed of epoxy-embedded gelatin containing glutaraldehyde-fixed [ 125 I]-albumin. For up to 308-day exposures of 1 micron-thick tissue sections, background grain densities ranged from about two to eight grains/1000 micron 2, and the technique was sensitive to as little as about one grain/1000 micron 2 above background, which correspond to a radioactivity concentration of about 2 x 10(4) cpm/ml. A detailed statistical analysis of variability was performed and the sum of all sources of variation quantified. The half distance for spatial resolution was 1.7 micron. Both visual and automated techniques were employed for quantitative grain density analysis. The method was illustrated by measurement of in vivo transmural [ 125 I]-low-density lipoprotein [( 125 I]-LDL) concentration profiles in de-endothelialized rabbit thoracic aortic wall

Study on labelling methods of 125I-RC-160 and its biodistribution in animals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Jing; Wang Xiqing; Wang Liangang; Li Fujun; Deng Jinglan

2002-01-01

A method for the iodination of peptide RC-160 with high efficiency was developed. RC-160 was iodinated with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) as oxidant, the conventional chloramine T (Ch-T) method was used as control. The labelling condition of NBS method was optimized and radiolabelled conjugate 125 I-RC-160 was assessed as follows: no further purification was needed, the measured labelling yield of 125 I-RC-160 was 92% and the specific activity was 1.95 x 10 12 Bq/m mol. The yield increased as the amount of NBS increased. The optimal ratio of RC-160 (μg): 125 I (MBq): NBS(μg) was 3:7.4:1. For Ch-T method, the labelling yield is 56% and specific activity was 0.65 x 10 12 Bq/m mol; but after purification by SepPak-C 18 , the labelling yield may reach as high as 92%. 1h after injection, radioactivity in blood decreased by 87.2%. No obvious concentration of 125 I-RC-160 in thyroid or kidney was observed

More accurate fitting of 125I and 103Pd radial dose functions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taylor, R. E. P.; Rogers, D. W. O.

2008-01-01

In this study an improved functional form for fitting the radial dose functions, g(r), of 125 I and 103 Pd brachytherapy seeds is presented. The new function is capable of accurately fitting radial dose functions over ranges as large as 0.05 cm≤r≤10 cm for 125 I seeds and 0.10 cm≤r≤10 cm for 103 Pd seeds. The average discrepancies between fit and calculated data are less than 0.5% over the full range of fit and maximum discrepancies are 2% or less. The fitting function is also capable of accounting for the sharp increase in g(r) (upturn) seen for some sources for r 125 I seeds and 9 103 Pd seeds using the EGSnrc Monte Carlo user-code BrachyDose. Fitting coefficients of the new function are tabulated for all 27 seeds. Extrapolation characteristics of the function are also investigated. The new functional form is an improvement over currently used fitting functions with its main strength being the ability to accurately fit the rapidly varying radial dose function at small distances. The new function is an excellent candidate for fitting the radial dose function of all 103 Pd and 125 I brachytherapy seeds and will increase the accuracy of dose distributions calculated around brachytherapy seeds using the TG-43 protocol over a wider range of data. More accurate values of g(r) for r<0.5 cm may be particularly important in the treatment of ocular melanoma

Benzodiazepine effect of 125I-iomazenil-benzodiazepine receptor binding and serum corticosterone level in a rat model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fukumitsu, Nobuyoshi; Ogi, Shigeyuki; Uchiyama, Mayuki; Mori, Yutaka

2005-01-01

To test the change in free or unoccupied benzodiazepine receptor (BZR) density in response to diazepam, we investigated 125 I-iomazenil ( 125 I-IMZ) binding and serum corticosterone levels in a rat model. Wistar male rats, which received psychological stress using a communication box for 5 days, were divided into two groups according to the amount of administered diazepam: no diazepam [D (0)] group and 10 mg/kg per day [D (10)] group of 12 rats each. The standardized uptake value (SUV) of 125 I-IMZ of the D (10) group were significantly lower (P 125 I-IMZ, it is clear that diazepam competed with endogenous ligand for the free BZR sites, and the frontal, parietal and temporal cortices, globus pallidus, hippocampus, amygdala and hypothalamus are important areas in which 125 I-IMZ binding is strongly affected by administration of diazepam

Modes of failure of Osteonics constrained tripolar implants: a retrospective analysis of forty-three failed implants.

Science.gov (United States)

Guyen, Olivier; Lewallen, David G; Cabanela, Miguel E

2008-07-01

The Osteonics constrained tripolar implant has been one of the most commonly used options to manage recurrent instability after total hip arthroplasty. Mechanical failures were expected and have been reported. The purpose of this retrospective review was to identify the observed modes of failure of this device. Forty-three failed Osteonics constrained tripolar implants were revised at our institution between September 1997 and April 2005. All revisions related to the constrained acetabular component only were considered as failures. All of the devices had been inserted for recurrent or intraoperative instability during revision procedures. Seven different methods of implantation were used. Operative reports and radiographs were reviewed to identify the modes of failure. The average time to failure of the forty-three implants was 28.4 months. A total of five modes of failure were observed: failure at the bone-implant interface (type I), which occurred in eleven hips; failure at the mechanisms holding the constrained liner to the metal shell (type II), in six hips; failure of the retaining mechanism of the bipolar component (type III), in ten hips; dislocation of the prosthetic head at the inner bearing of the bipolar component (type IV), in three hips; and infection (type V), in twelve hips. The mode of failure remained unknown in one hip that had been revised at another institution. The Osteonics constrained tripolar total hip arthroplasty implant is a complex device involving many parts. We showed that failure of this device can occur at most of its interfaces. It would therefore appear logical to limit its application to salvage situations.

Dosimetry and treatment planning of Occu-Prosta 125I seeds for intraocular lesions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaudhari, Suresh; Deshpande, Sudesh; Anand, Vivek; De, Sandeep; Kannan, V.; Saxena, Sanjay; Dash, A.; Basu, Mahua; Samant, Preetam

2008-01-01

Intraocular malignant lesions are frequently encountered in clinical practice. Plaque brachytherapy represents an effective means of treatment for intraocular lesions. Recently Radiopharmaceutical Division, BARC, Mumbai, has indigenously fabricated reasonable-cost 125 I sources. Here we are presenting the preliminary experience of dosimetry of sources, configuration of treatment planning system (TPS) and quality assurance (QA) for eye plaque therapy with Occu-Prosta 125 I seeds, treated in our hospital, for a patient with ocular lesions. 125 I seeds were calibrated using well-type chamber. BrachyVision TPS was configured with Monte Carlo computed radial dose functions and anisotropy functions for 125 I sources. Dose calculated by TPS at different points in central axis and off axis was compared with manually calculated dose. Eye plaque was fabricated of 17 karat pure gold, locally. The seeds were arranged in an outer ring near the edge of the plaque and in concentric rings throughout the plaque. The sources were manually digitized on the TPS, and dose distribution was calculated in three dimensions. Measured activity using cross-calibrated well-type chamber was within ± 10% of the activity specified by the supplier. Difference in TPS-calculated dose and manually calculated dose was within 5%. Treatment time calculated by TPS was in concordance with published data for similar plaque arrangement. (author)

Bioactivity assays and application of 125I labeled human mouse chimeric anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody SM03

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lu Pingping; Meng Zhiyun; Dou Guifang; Wu Yingliang; Wang Minwei

2008-01-01

To investigate the bioactivity and application of 125 I labeled human mouse chimeric monoclonal SM03, SM03 was labeled with 125 I using Indogen method. The labeled mixture was purified by Sephacryl S-300 HR separation chromospectry. The purity and concentration of separated fractions were determined by HPLC and Protein Assay Kit, respectively. Competitive binding method and ELISA method were used for bioactivity assays. 125 I-SM03 was applied to screen cell lines which express the most abundant CD22 antigen. The purity and recovery of 125 I-SM03 were >99% and >47%, respectively. The bioactivity of 125 I- SM03 and SM03 hasn't significant difference in statistics. Ramos cell line had the strongest special radioactivity when 125 I-SM03 bound with in Raji, Daudi and Ramos cell lines. Indogen method is a good way to label Human mouse chimeric anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody SM03 and the label will not affect the activity of SM03. The 125 I-SM03 not only can be used for detect agent, but also may be put into market for NHL therapy. (authors)

Role of salvage esophagectomy after definitive chemoradiotherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tachimori, Yuji

2009-01-01

Chemoradiotherapy has become a popular definitive therapy among many patients and oncologists for potentially resectable esophageal carcinoma. Although the complete response rates are high and short-term survival is favorable after chemoradiotherapy, persistent or recurrent locoregional disease is quite frequent. Salvage surgery is the sole curative intent treatment option for this course. As experience with definitive chemoradiotherapy grows, the number of salvage surgeries may increase. Selected articles about salvage esophagectomy after definitive chemoradiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma are reviewed. The number of salvage surgeries was significantly lower than the number of expected candidates. To identify candidates for salvage surgery, patients undergoing definitive chemoradiotherapy should be followed up carefully. Salvage esophagectomy is difficult when dissecting fibrotic masses from irradiated tissues. Patients who underwent salvage esophagectomy had increased morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary complications such as pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome were common. The anastomotic leak rate was significantly increased because of the effects of the radiation administered to the tissues used as conduits. The most significant factor associated with long-term survival appeared to be complete resection. However, precise evaluation of resectability before operation was difficult. Nevertheless, increased morbidity and mortality will be acceptable in exchange for potential long-term survival after salvage esophagectomy. Such treatment should be considered for carefully selected patients at specialized centers. (author)

Preparation of 19-iodocholesterol labelled with 125 I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodriguez, L.; Rebollo, D. V.; Ruiz, J. M.

1986-01-01