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Sample records for saks elmut laane

  1. VanderLaan Circulant Type Matrices

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hongyan Pan

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Circulant matrices have become a satisfactory tools in control methods for modern complex systems. In the paper, VanderLaan circulant type matrices are presented, which include VanderLaan circulant, left circulant, and g-circulant matrices. The nonsingularity of these special matrices is discussed by the surprising properties of VanderLaan numbers. The exact determinants of VanderLaan circulant type matrices are given by structuring transformation matrices, determinants of well-known tridiagonal matrices, and tridiagonal-like matrices. The explicit inverse matrices of these special matrices are obtained by structuring transformation matrices, inverses of known tridiagonal matrices, and quasi-tridiagonal matrices. Three kinds of norms and lower bound for the spread of VanderLaan circulant and left circulant matrix are given separately. And we gain the spectral norm of VanderLaan g-circulant matrix.

  2. Ülemiste Citysse kasvab innovatsioonikeskus / Rain Laane ; interv. Einar Ellermaa

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laane, Rain

    2008-01-01

    Microsoft Eesti tegevjuht Rain Laane e-riigi arengust ja selle toetamisest riiklikul tasandil, e-riigi innovatsioonikeskuse loomisest, e-riigi lahenduse Brüsselisse müümist takistavatest teguritest. Lisa: Rain Laane teesid loodava innovatsioonikeskuse ülesannetest. Vt. samas: Siim-Valmar Kiisler. Riik peab hakkama e-eksporti toetama!

  3. An evaluation of sex-age-kill (SAK) model performance

    Science.gov (United States)

    Millspaugh, Joshua J.; Skalski, John R.; Townsend, Richard L.; Diefenbach, Duane R.; Boyce, Mark S.; Hansen, Lonnie P.; Kammermeyer, Kent

    2009-01-01

    The sex-age-kill (SAK) model is widely used to estimate abundance of harvested large mammals, including white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Despite a long history of use, few formal evaluations of SAK performance exist. We investigated how violations of the stable age distribution and stationary population assumption, changes to male or female harvest, stochastic effects (i.e., random fluctuations in recruitment and survival), and sampling efforts influenced SAK estimation. When the simulated population had a stable age distribution and λ > 1, the SAK model underestimated abundance. Conversely, when λ < 1, the SAK overestimated abundance. When changes to male harvest were introduced, SAK estimates were opposite the true population trend. In contrast, SAK estimates were robust to changes in female harvest rates. Stochastic effects caused SAK estimates to fluctuate about their equilibrium abundance, but the effect dampened as the size of the surveyed population increased. When we considered both stochastic effects and sampling error at a deer management unit scale the resultant abundance estimates were within ±121.9% of the true population level 95% of the time. These combined results demonstrate extreme sensitivity to model violations and scale of analysis. Without changes to model formulation, the SAK model will be biased when λ ≠ 1. Furthermore, any factor that alters the male harvest rate, such as changes to regulations or changes in hunter attitudes, will bias population estimates. Sex-age-kill estimates may be precise at large spatial scales, such as the state level, but less so at the individual management unit level. Alternative models, such as statistical age-at-harvest models, which require similar data types, might allow for more robust, broad-scale demographic assessments.

  4. Study on preservation of sweet apricot kernel (SAK) by γ-irradiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang Jide; Xu Fang

    1992-01-01

    This paper introduces the study on effect of insecticide and sterilization of SAK by 60 Co γ irradiation. The results declare that the proper dose kill the insect eggs on the surface of SAK is 3.5 kGy, the preserving period under ambient temperature is up to 7 months, the intactness rate is 100%, and the SAK can be safely stored through the summer. By the irradiation of 3.5 kGy, the sanitary quality of SAK can be notably improved and the amount of microbes can decrease by at least 99%. There are no remarkable changes of the main nutrition components of irradiated SAK

  5. Non-technical approach to the challenges of ecological architecture: Learning from Van der Laan

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María-Jesús González-Díaz

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Up to now, ecology has a strong influence on the development of technical and instrumental aspects of architecture, such as renewable and efficient of resources and energy, CO2 emissions, air quality, water reuse, some social and economical aspects. These concepts define the physical keys and codes of the current ׳sustainable׳ architecture, normally instrumental but rarely and insufficiently theorised. But is not there another way of bringing us to nature? We need a theoretical referent. This is where we place the Van der Laan׳s thoughts: he considers that art completes nature and he builds his theoretical discourse on it, trying to better understand many aspects of architecture. From a conceptual point of view, we find in his works sense of timelessness, universality, special attention on the ׳locus׳ and a strict sense of proportions and use of materials according to nature. Could these concepts complement our current sustainable architecture? How did Laan apply the current codes of ecology in his architecture? His work may help us to get a theoretical interpretation of nature and not only physical. This paper develops this idea through the comparison of thoughts and works of Laan with the current technical approach to ׳sustainable׳ architecture.

  6. New derivative of staphylokinase SAK-RGD-K2-Hirul exerts thrombolytic effects in the arterial thrombosis model in rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Szemraj, Janusz; Zakrzeska, Agnieszka; Brown, George; Stankiewicz, Adrian; Gromotowicz, Anna; Grędziński, Tomasz; Chabielska, Ewa

    2011-01-01

    SAK-RGD-K2-Hir and SAK-RGD-K2-Hirul are recombinant proteins that are derivatives of r-SAK (recombinant staphylokinase). They are characterized by their fibrin-specific plasminogen activation properties and their antithrombin and antiplatelet activities. The difference between these proteins is the presence of the antithrombotic fragment (hirudin or hirulog) in the C-terminal portion of the r-SAK. The aim of the present study was to examine the thrombolytic potentials of SAK-RGD-K2-Hir and SAK-RGD-K2-Hirul in an electrically induced carotid artery thrombosis model in rats and to compare the potentials to that of r-SAK. We determined that a bolus injection of SAK-RGD-K2-Hirul was more effective than one of r-SAK in the improvement and maintenance of carotid patency and in arterial thrombus weight reduction; however, it had the same potency as SAK-RGD-K2-Hir. The bleeding time, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were significantly prolonged in the animals that were treated with either dose (1.5 or 3.0 mg/kg) of SAK-RGD-K2-Hir or SAK-RGD-K2-Hirul, whereas no changes were observed in the plasma fibrinogen concentration or the α2 plasmin inhibitor level. r-SAK alone did not change the bleeding time or coagulation parameters. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate the thrombolytic activity of intravenous bolus injection of the novel thrombolytic agent SAK-RGD-K2-Hirul in rats. Although this protein compares favorably with r-SAK, we were unable to show the presence of any beneficial effects of SAK-RGD-K2-Hirul over those of SAK-RGD-K2-Hir. Furthermore, our results suggest that high doses of SAK-RGD-K2-Hirul bear the risk of bleeding.

  7. Peeter Saks maksab karmavõlga / Paavo Kangur

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kangur, Paavo, 1966-

    2006-01-01

    Investeerimispanga Suprema Securities juhatuse esimees Peeter Saks oma sportlasekarjäärist, muudatustest investeerimispanga juhtkonnas ning panga tegevusest sportlaste toetamisel. Kommenteerib mäesuusataja Tiiu Nurmberg

  8. Sakīna: contribución a su estudio

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tornero, Emilio

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available This article explores the postkoranic evolution of the term sakīna. First, it examines what previous research has said about that. It then presents, translates, and analizes five texts—which had not been taken into consideration previously— pertaining to the Islamic and philosophical fields in which this term occurs. The texts have been taken from Ibn Ḥabīb, al-Tawḥīdī, the Arabic translation of the Golden Verses, and the two Commentaries on the Golden Verses attributed respectively to Iamblichus and Proclus. The article shows how the Koranic sakīna has evolved in these texts: it connotes pacification of violent animals in Ibn Habib, in al-Tawhidi it denotes a state close to Divinity of characters similar to Sufis: in the Golden Verses, the term sakīna is used to translate daímōn, thanks to which evils originating from innate discord among humans are eliminated; finally, the Commentaries on the Golden Verses contain explanations of this term that are both religious and rationalist.Estudio del término sakīna en su evolución postcoránica en el que se muestra, en primer lugar, lo que la investigación ha dicho sobre él, para, a continuación, presentar, traducir y analizar cinco textos pertenecientes al ámbito islámico y al filosófico en donde aparece dicho término y que no habían sido tenidos en cuenta hasta ahora. Estos textos proceden de: Ibn Ḥabīb, al-Tawḥīdī, traducción árabe de los Versos áureos, y Comentarios de Jámblico y de Proclo a estos Versos áureos. La sakīna coránica evoluciona en estos autores pasando a connotar una pacificación en los animales violentos en Ibn Habib y un estado cercano a la divinidad de caracteres próximos al de los sufíes en al-Tawhidi, mientras que en los Versos áureos se emplea sakīna para traducir daímōn, con sus efectos de eliminación de los males originados por la discordia innata a los hombres. En los Comentarios a los Versos áureos se dan explicaciones, de

  9. Dose-effective investigation of intraarterial r-Sak in canine model with acute cerebral infarctions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu Sheng; Shi Haibin; Zhang Peng; Wang Chenghu; Zhou Chunguo; Li Linsun

    2007-01-01

    Objective: To compare the effect and complications of intraarterial thrombolysis with different doses of recombinant-staphylokinase (r-Sak) in canine model with acute cerebral infarction, and then to find out the most properly appropriate effective dose. Methods: The model with left cerebral embolism was established with interventional technique in 24 beagle adult dogs. They were randomly divided into 4 groups including control group(saline, 10 ml), group of low dose(r-Sak, 5 000 u/kg), middle dose(r-Sak, 10 000 u/kg) and high dose(r-Sak, 20 000 u/kg). Angiography and intraarterial thrombolysis were performed within 30 minutes after the embolization. Microcatheter was superselectively inserted into left carotid artery. Five hour's later with a repeated angiography at half, 1 and 2 hours after thrombolysis to observe the recanalization. Blood samples were collected at a series of time pre-and post-thrombolysis to test the plasma levels of PT, APTT and D-dimer. These canines were sacrificed, and their cerebri were taken out for pathologic study by the end of 24 hours. Results: The rates of efficacy within 2 hours after thrombolysis were 10.0% (1/10) in control group, 40.0% (4/10) in low dose group, 90.9% (10/11) in middle dose group and 100% (9/9) in high dose group. The rates of complete recanalization were 0, 10% (1/10), 36.4% (4/11) and 66.7% (6/9), correspondingly and respectively. There were statistically obvious differences between the 3 groups (P 0.05). Death occurred in 1 canine(high dose group) within 24 hours after thrombolysis with hemorrhagic lesion in parietal lobe of brain. No other severe complications ocurred. Conclusions: (1) Intraarterial thrombolysis with r-Sak within 5 hours after onset of thrombosis is effective and feasible. Intraarterial r-Sak shows strong thrombolytic effect for white thrombus including a few platelets. There is relative high rate of recanalization with no less than 10 000U/kg of r-Sak but accompanied with high risk of

  10. Sandia reactor kinetics codes: SAK and PK1D

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pickard, P.S.; Odom, J.P.

    1978-01-01

    The Sandia Kinetics code (SAK) is a one-dimensional coupled thermal-neutronics transient analysis code for use in simulation of reactor transients. The time-dependent cross section routines allow arbitrary time-dependent changes in material properties. The one-dimensional heat transfer routines are for cylindrical geometry and allow arbitrary mesh structure, temperature-dependent thermal properties, radiation treatment, and coolant flow and heat-transfer properties at the surface of a fuel element. The Point Kinetics 1 Dimensional Heat Transfer Code (PK1D) solves the point kinetics equations and has essentially the same heat-transfer treatment as SAK. PK1D can address extended reactor transients with minimal computer execution time

  11. Aplikasi Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Berbasis SAK Etap Pada Bagus Agriseta Mandiri

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mega Indah Puspita Sari

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this study is to analyze the arrangement of existing financial report in Bagus Agriseta Mandiri and to conduct the implementation of financial report arrangement that is suitable with SAK ETAP in UKM Bagus Agriseta Mandiri. In this study, the researcher uses case study or field study research that is aimed to learn intensively on the background of problems, situation and the position of the event occurs in nowadays, to solve the problems occurs in company, also the environmental interaction of current social unit in its way (given. The result of this study shows that company only makes loss and profit report, but in its presentation, it still not appropriate with SAK ETAP and financial balance report, cash flow and company equity is not presented yet because of the company less comprehending the standard of arranging financial report. By the existence of SAK ETAP it is expected to create the uniformity in implementing accounting treatment and the presentation of financial report so that it can result appropriate information toward the need of users.

  12. A Myb transcription factor of Phytophthora sojae, regulated by MAP kinase PsSAK1, is required for zoospore development.

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    Meng Zhang

    Full Text Available PsSAK1, a mitogen-activated protein (MAP kinase from Phytophthora sojae, plays an important role in host infection and zoospore viability. However, the downstream mechanism of PsSAK1 remains unclear. In this study, the 3'-tag digital gene expression (DGE profiling method was applied to sequence the global transcriptional sequence of PsSAK1-silenced mutants during the cysts stage and 1.5 h after inoculation onto susceptible soybean leaf tissues. Compared with the gene expression levels of the recipient P. sojae strain, several candidates of Myb family were differentially expressed (up or down in response to the loss of PsSAK1, including of a R2R3-type Myb transcription factor, PsMYB1. qRT-PCR indicated that the transcriptional level of PsMYB1 decreased due to PsSAK1 silencing. The transcriptional level of PsMYB1 increased during sporulating hyphae, in germinated cysts, and early infection. Silencing of PsMYB1 results in three phenotypes: a no cleavage of the cytoplasm into uninucleate zoospores or release of normal zoospores, b direct germination of sporangia, and c afunction in zoospore-mediated plant infection. Our data indicate that the PsMYB1 transcription factor functions downstream of MAP kinase PsSAK1 and is required for zoospore development of P. sojae.

  13. PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN AKUNTANSI BERBASIS SAK IFRS DAN SELF-EFFICACY TERHADAP KESIAPAN MAHASISWA MENJADI GURU AKUNTANSI

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raeni Raeni

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available The research was inspired by students’ readiness to be Accounting teachers with the rapid progress of science and technology and also free-market for workers. The objective of the study was to test the influence of Accounting learning based on SAK IFRS and self-efficacy toward students’ readiness to be Accounting teachers. The population of the research were Accounting education students in classess of 2010 until 2012. Thus, it used proportionate stratified random sampling. The respondents were 85 students in class 2010, 123 students in class 2011 and 154 students in class 2012. Then, the data were analyzed by percentage descriptive and doubled linear regression. The result of regression analysis showed that 1 Accounting learning based on SAK IFRS and self-efficacy contibuted positively and significantly for 52.4% toward students’ readiness to be Accounting students, 2 there was a positive and significant influence of Accounting learning based on SAK IFRS for 26.2% toward students’ readiness to be Accounting teachers, 3 there was a positive and significant influence of self-efficacy for 16.32% toward students’ readiness to be Accounting teachers. The familiarity level for learning Accounting based on SAK IFRS was high with the progress of science and technology and also full adoption from IFRS.

  14. PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN AKUNTANSI BERBASIS SAK IFRS DAN SELF-EFFICACY TERHADAP KESIAPAN MAHASISWA MENJADI GURU AKUNTANSI

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raeni Raeni

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available The research was inspired by students’ readiness to be Accounting teachers with the rapid progress of science and technology and also free-market for workers. The objective of the study was to test the influence of Accounting learning based on SAK IFRS and self-efficacy toward students’ readiness to be Accounting teachers. The population of the research were Accounting education students in classess of 2010 until 2012. Thus, it used proportionate stratified random sampling. The respondents were 85 students in class 2010, 123 students in class 2011 and 154 students in class 2012. Then, the data were analyzed by percentage descriptive and doubled linear regression. The result of regression analysis showed that 1 Accounting learning based on SAK IFRS and self-efficacy contibuted positively and significantly for 52.4% toward students’ readiness to be Accounting students, 2 there was a positive and significant influence of Accounting learning based on SAK IFRS for 26.2% toward students’ readiness to be Accounting teachers, 3 there was a positive and significant influence of self-efficacy for 16.32% toward students’ readiness to be Accounting teachers. The familiarity level for learning Accounting based on SAK IFRS was high with the progress of science and technology and also full adoption from IFRS.

  15. Sakārtojuma nevienādības

    OpenAIRE

    Popmane, Daiga

    2008-01-01

    Darbā tiek apskatīta viena no nevienādību teorijas sastāvdaļām – sakārtojuma nevienādības, kā arī daži to lietojumi. Darbā ir aplūkoti arī vairāki uzdevumi no dažādu gadu matemātikas olimpiādēm.

  16. Forgotten evidence: A mixed methods study of why sexual assault kits (SAKs) are not submitted for DNA forensic testing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Campbell, Rebecca; Fehler-Cabral, Giannina; Bybee, Deborah; Shaw, Jessica

    2017-10-01

    Throughout the United States, hundreds of thousands of sexual assault kits (SAKs) (also termed "rape kits") have not been submitted by the police for forensic DNA testing. DNA evidence can help sexual assault investigations and prosecutions by identifying offenders, revealing serial offenders through DNA matches across cases, and exonerating those who have been wrongly accused. In this article, we describe a 5-year action research project conducted with 1 city that had large numbers of untested SAKs-Detroit, Michigan-and our examination into why thousands of rape kits in this city were never submitted for forensic DNA testing. This mixed methods study combined ethnographic observations and qualitative interviews to identify stakeholders' perspectives as to why rape kits were not routinely submitted for testing. Then, we quantitatively examined whether these factors may have affected police practices regarding SAK testing, as evidenced by predictable changes in SAK submission rates over time. Chronic resource scarcity only partially explained why the organizations that serve rape victims-the police, crime lab, prosecution, and victim advocacy-could not test all rape kits, investigate all reported sexual assaults, and support all rape survivors. SAK submission rates significantly increased once criminal justice professionals in this city had full access to the FBI DNA forensic database Combined DNA Index System (CODIS), but even then, most SAKs were still not submitted for DNA testing. Building crime laboratories' capacities for DNA testing and training police on the utility of forensic evidence and best practices in sexual assault investigations can help remedy, and possibly prevent, the problem of untested rape kits. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

  17. Role of the Talaromyces marneffei (Penicillium marneffei) sakA gene in nitrosative stress response, conidiation and red pigment production.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nimmanee, Panjaphorn; Tam, Emily W T; Woo, Patrick C Y; Vanittanakom, Pramote; Vanittanakom, Nongnuch

    2017-04-01

    Stress-activated MAPK pathways are systems used to regulate the stress adaptation of most fungi. It has been shown that in Talaromyces marneffei (Penicillium marneffei), a pathogenic dimorphic fungus, the sakA gene is involved, not only in tolerance against oxidative and heat stresses, but also in playing a role in asexual development, yeast cell generation in vitro and survival inside macrophage cell lines. In this study, the role of the T. marneffei sakA gene on the nitrosative stress response and the regulation of gene expression were investigated. The susceptibility of the sakA mutant to NaNO2 was investigated using drop dilution assay and the expression of genes of interest were determined by RT-PCR, comparing them to the wild-type and complemented strains. The results demonstrated that the T. marneffei sakA gene played a role in the stress response to NaNO2, the expression of genes functioning in conidial development (brlA, abaA and wetA) and red pigment biosynthesis (pks3, rp1, rp2 and rp3). These findings suggest that T. marneffei sakA is broadly involved in a wide variety of cell activities, including stress response, cell morphogenesis, asexual development and pigmentation. © FEMS 2016. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  18. Acute Treatment with T-Type Calcium Channel Enhancer SAK3 Reduces Cognitive Impairments Caused by Methimazole-Induced Hypothyroidism Via Activation of Cholinergic Signaling.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Husain, Noreen; Yabuki, Yasushi; Shinoda, Yasuharu; Fukunaga, Kohji

    2018-01-01

    Hypothyroidism is a common disorder that is associated with psychological disturbances such as dementia, depression, and psychomotor disorders. We recently found that chronic treatment with the T-type calcium channel enhancer SAK3 prevents the cholinergic neurodegeneration induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of methimazole (MMI; 75 mg/kg), thereby improving cognition. Here, we evaluated the acute effect of SAK3 on cognitive impairments and its mechanism of action following the induction of hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism was induced by 2 injections of MMI (75 mg/kg, i.p.) administered once per week. Four weeks after the final MMI treatment, MMI-treated mice showed reduced serum thyroxine (T4) levels and cognitive impairments without depression-like behaviors. Although acute SAK3 (1.0 mg/kg, p.o.) administration failed to ameliorate the decreased T4 levels and histochemical destruction of the glomerular structure, acute SAK3 (1.0 mg/kg, p.o.) administration significantly reduced cognitive impairments in MMI-treated mice. Importantly, the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-selective inhibitor methyllycaconitine (MLA; 12 mg/kg, i.p.) and T-type calcium channel-specific blocker NNC 55-0396 (25 mg/kg, i.p.) antagonized the acute effect of SAK3 on memory deficits in MMI-treated mice. We also confirmed that acute SAK3 administration does not rescue reduced olfactory marker protein or choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity levels in the olfactory bulb or medial septum. Taken together, these results suggest that SAK3 has the ability to improve the cognitive decline caused by hypothyroidism directly through activation of nAChR signaling and T-type calcium channels. © 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  19. SOLVENT-BASED ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY PROCESSES TO DEVELOP WEST SAK ALASKA NORTH SLOPE HEAVY OIL RESOURCES

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    David O. Ogbe; Tao Zhu

    2004-01-01

    A one-year research program is conducted to evaluate the feasibility of applying solvent-based enhanced oil recovery processes to develop West Sak and Ugnu heavy oil resources found on the Alaska North Slope (ANS). The project objective is to conduct research to develop technology to produce and market the 300-3000 cp oil in the West Sak and Ugnu sands. During the first phase of the research, background information was collected, and experimental and numerical studies of vapor extraction process (VAPEX) in West Sak and Ugnu are conducted. The experimental study is designed to foster understanding of the processes governing vapor chamber formation and growth, and to optimize oil recovery. A specially designed core-holder and a computed tomography (CT) scanner was used to measure the in-situ distribution of phases. Numerical simulation study of VAPEX was initiated during the first year. The numerical work completed during this period includes setting up a numerical model and using the analog data to simulate lab experiments of the VAPEX process. The goal was to understand the mechanisms governing the VAPEX process. Additional work is recommended to expand the VAPEX numerical study using actual field data obtained from Alaska North Slope.

  20. The Aspergillus fumigatus SchASCH9 kinase modulates SakAHOG1 MAP kinase activity and it is essential for virulence.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alves de Castro, Patrícia; Dos Reis, Thaila Fernanda; Dolan, Stephen K; Oliveira Manfiolli, Adriana; Brown, Neil Andrew; Jones, Gary W; Doyle, Sean; Riaño-Pachón, Diego M; Squina, Fábio Márcio; Caldana, Camila; Singh, Ashutosh; Del Poeta, Maurizio; Hagiwara, Daisuke; Silva-Rocha, Rafael; Goldman, Gustavo H

    2016-11-01

    The serine-threonine kinase TOR, the Target of Rapamycin, is an important regulator of nutrient, energy and stress signaling in eukaryotes. Sch9, a Ser/Thr kinase of AGC family (the cAMP-dependent PKA, cGMP- dependent protein kinase G and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C family), is a substrate of TOR. Here, we characterized the fungal opportunistic pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus Sch9 homologue (SchA). The schA null mutant was sensitive to rapamycin, high concentrations of calcium, hyperosmotic stress and SchA was involved in iron metabolism. The ΔschA null mutant showed increased phosphorylation of SakA, the A. fumigatus Hog1 homologue. The schA null mutant has increased and decreased trehalose and glycerol accumulation, respectively, suggesting SchA performs different roles for glycerol and trehalose accumulation during osmotic stress. The schA was transcriptionally regulated by osmotic stress and this response was dependent on SakA and MpkC. The double ΔschA ΔsakA and ΔschA ΔmpkC mutants were more sensitive to osmotic stress than the corresponding parental strains. Transcriptomics and proteomics identified direct and indirect targets of SchA post-exposure to hyperosmotic stress. Finally, ΔschA was avirulent in a low dose murine infection model. Our results suggest there is a complex network of interactions amongst the A. fumigatus TOR, SakA and SchA pathways. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  1. Kas õpetajad on teie kaudu tööd otsinud? / Natalija Gansen, Merit Laan, Ilmar Kütt... [jt.

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2010-01-01

    Küsimusele vastavad: Eesti töötukassa Tallinna ja Harjumaa osakonna teenusekonsultant Natalija Gansen, Eesti töötukassa Viljandimaa osakonna juhataja Merit Laan, Viljandi maavalitsuse haridus- ja sotsiaalosakonna juhataja Ilmar Kütt, CV-Online Estonia OÜ värbamisspetsialist Ivika Born, Lääne-Viru maavalitsuse haridus- ja sotsiaalosakonna vanemspetsialist Tiina Halling ja Valga maavalitsuse haridus- ja kultuuritalituse juhataja Kalle Vister

  2. Use of pipe saks on pipeline construction

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ghio, Alberto F.M.; Caciatori, Angelo [Galvao Engenharia S.A., Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Ruschi, Allan A.; Santos, Felipe A. dos; Barros, Horacio B. de; Loureiro, Regis R. [PETROBRAS S.A., Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

    2009-07-01

    The use of new technologies applied to pipeline construction and assembling, aimed at enhancing productivity has been searched by PETROBRAS, throughout its subcontractors, assemblers, by transference in the mentioned constructions. Along the construction of Cacimbas Catu Pipeline, Spread 1 A, placed between the Cacimbas Gas Treatment Station (Linhares, ES) and the future Compression Station of Sao Mateus (ES), one, by means of surveys, noticed that the length of flooded or prone to flooding areas was way superior to the ones foreseen in the basic design. One of the broadly used methods for assuring buoyancy control is concreting the pipes. Such method deeply impacts work's logistics in for instance, the pipe stringing work; in this one, a maximum load of two pipes can be transported until the area to applied, what leads to lower productivity and higher risk due to the increase of trips by heavy load trucks. As an alternative to regular concrete, the Pipe Sak System was adopted and such method improved productivity and decreased discontinuities. (author)

  3. Elmut Paavel : Soomlased tulnuks Eestisse niikuinii / Elmut Paavel ; interv. Rein Raudvere

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Paavel, Elmut, 1954-

    2004-01-01

    AS-i Valga Lihatööstus tegevjuht põhjendab kolmveerandi aktsiate müümist Soome suurimale lihatööstusettevõttele Atria Group Plc. Kommenteerivad: Otepää lihatööstuse Edgar juht Maie Niit ja Eesti Lihaliidu juhatuse esimees Olle Horm

  4. Kuhu investeerida ettevõtte müügiga teenitud raha? / Peeter Raidla

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Raidla, Peeter, 1955-

    2008-01-01

    Investor Rain Lõhmus ning ärimehed Elmut Paavel ja Raivo Hein räägivad oma põhimõtetest ja kogemustest ettevõtete müügist laekunud raha paigutamisel. Lisa: Valik viimaste aastate suurtehinguid. Vt. samas: Intervjuu Ambient Sound Investments tegevjuhi Tauno Tatsiga. Skype'i mehed jätkavad innovatiivselt

  5. Staphylokinase has distinct modes of interaction with antimicrobial peptides, modulating its plasminogen-activation properties

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nguyen, Leonard T.; Vogel, Hans J.

    2016-01-01

    Staphylokinase (Sak) is a plasminogen activator protein that is secreted by many Staphylococcus aureus strains. Sak also offers protection by binding and inhibiting specific antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Here, we evaluate Sak as a more general interaction partner for AMPs. Studies with melittin, mCRAMP, tritrpticin and bovine lactoferricin indicate that the truncation of the first ten residues of Sak (SakΔN10), which occurs in vivo and uncovers important residues in a bulge region, improves its affinity for AMPs. Melittin and mCRAMP have a lower affinity for SakΔN10, and in docking studies, they bind to the N-terminal segment and bulge region of SakΔN10. By comparison, lactoferricin and tritrpticin form moderately high affinity 1:1 complexes with SakΔN10 and their cationic residues form several electrostatic interactions with the protein’s α-helix. Overall, our work identifies two distinct AMP binding surfaces on SakΔN10 whose occupation would lead to either inhibition or promotion of its plasminogen activating properties. PMID:27554435

  6. RSM Outlook Winter 2008 : Strategy: surviving in turbulent times

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    R. Gilbert (Russell); R. Morris (Rebecca); L. Sawahata (Lesa)

    2008-01-01

    markdownabstract#### Q&A with Carien van der Laan (Lesa Sawahata) Her CV is impressive: an early career as a corporate attorney, an MBA from Harvard Business School, and subsequent management positions for such companies as McKinsey, KPN and Versatel. It’s clear that Carien van der Laan has

  7. Expression of recombinant staphylokinase in the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Moussa Manal

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Currently, the two most commonly used fibrinolytic agents in thrombolytic therapy are recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA and streptokinase (SK. Whereas SK has the advantage of substantially lower costs when compared to other agents, it is less effective than either rt-PA or related variants, has significant allergenic potential, lacks fibrin selectivity and causes transient hypotensive effects in high dosing schedules. Therefore, development of an alternative fibrinolytic agent having superior efficacy to SK, approaching that of rt-PA, together with a similar or enhanced safety profile and advantageous cost-benefit ratio, would be of substantial importance. Pre-clinical data suggest that the novel fibrinolytic recombinant staphylokinase (rSAK, or related rSAK variants, could be candidates for such development. However, since an efficient expression system for rSAK is still lacking, it has not yet been fully developed or evaluated for clinical purposes. This study’s goal was development of an efficient fermentation process for the production of a modified, non-glycosylated, biologically active rSAK, namely rSAK-2, using the well-established single cell yeast Hansenula polymorpha expression system. Results The development of an efficient large scale (80 L Hansenula polymorpha fermentation process of short duration for rSAK-2 production is described. It evolved from an initial 1mL HTP methodology by successive scale-up over almost 5 orders of magnitude and improvement steps, including the optimization of critical process parameters (e.g. temperature, pH, feeding strategy, medium composition, etc.. Potential glycosylation of rSAK-2 was successfully suppressed through amino acid substitution within its only N-acetyl glycosylation motif. Expression at high yields (≥ 1g rSAK-2/L cell culture broth of biologically active rSAK-2 of expected molecular weight was achieved. Conclusion The optimized production process

  8. The determination of multiple resistance, inheritance and cytochrome P450 activity in bifenthrinresistant Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

    OpenAIRE

    AY, Recep; YORULMAZ, Sibel

    2010-01-01

    In this study, multiple resistance, inheritance and cytochrome P450 enzyme activity were determined in Tetranychus urticae Koch (SAK) population after 20 selections for bifenthrin resistance. Selection study and LC50, 60 levels of SAK population of T. urticae were determined by dry film method. LC50 level of the SAK population selected twenty times with bifenthrin was increased from 984.49 to 11914.40 µl l-1 distiled water. Selected population showing 21.84 fold resistances was named ...

  9. Pojan syntymä sielussa ja läpimurtautuminen jumaluuteen : Mestari Eckhartin käsitys jumalallisesta ykseydestä

    OpenAIRE

    Mustonen, Anni

    2011-01-01

    Tämän tutkielman tarkoituksena on tutkia mestari Eckhartin (1260 1327) ykseyden mystiikkaa. Tutkimuskysymyksiä on kaksi: (1) Miten Eckhart kuvaa käsitystään unio mysticasta? Tarkastelen kysymystä Eckhart-tutkimuksen piirissä tehdyn jaottelun mukaan, jossa unio ymmärretään joko Pojan syntymänä sielussa (saks. Geburt) ja läpimurtautumisena (saks. Durchbruch) tun-temattomaan jumaluuteen (saks. Gotheit/Gottheit). Toinen tutkimuskysymykseni on jatkumoa edelliselle ja kuuluu: (2) Millainen on Jumal...

  10. Kas teie arvates tuleks Ülejõe pargid Emajõe vasakkaldal taashoonestada? / intervjueerinud Ivi Drikkit ja Jüri Saar

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2011-01-01

    Vastasid: Mati Tolmoff, Veljo Ipits, Toomas Savi, Verni Loodmaa, Väino Kull, Toomas Kapp, Triin Anette Kaasik, Kristjan Karis, Hele Everaus, Margot Fjuk, Janika Mölder, Hannes Astok, Jaak Adamsoo, Martin Parmas, Toivo Kabanen, Oleg Nesterenko, Tõnu Ints, Piret Uluots, Peep Peterson, Marju Lauristin, Jarno Laur, Arno Arukask, Ülo Veldre, Toomas Jürgenstein, Veera Sirg, Maie Pastik, Elmut Paavel, Avo Rosenvald, Toivo Maimets, Peeter Tulviste, Joel Luhamets, Jüri Kõre, Ants Kask, Enn Tarto, Tarmo Punger, Merle Jääger, Vladimir Šokman, Boris Habramov, Jevgenia Lindevaldt, Harri Jallajas, Natalja Trošina, Olev Raju, Nikolai Põdramägi

  11. The effects of pre-harvest napthalene acetic acid and aminoethoxyvinylglycine treatments on storage performance of ‘ Ak Sakı’ apple cultivar grown in Erzincan conditions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Burhan OZTÜRK

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available This study was carried out to determine the effects of pre-harvest aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG, 150, 225 ve 300 mg/L and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA, 20 mg/L treatments in different doses on storage performance of ‘Ak Sakı’ apple cultivar (Malus domestica Borkh. in 2012. The changes on some fruit quality parameters were measured at 2±1 oC temperature and with 90±5 % relative humidity at 45 days interval during storage. The lowest weight loss was obtained from 300 mg/L AVG treated fruits during the storage. In the all analysis date, the highest L* value was obtained from 300 mg/L AVG treated fruits, and the lowest hue angle value was reported from the fruits of control treatment. The flesh firmness was determined that the best kept in the 225 and 300 mg/L AVG treated fruits during the storage. The flesh firmness significantly reduced with NAA treatment at the end of storage. The highest soluble solids concentration (SSC was obtain from control fruit during the storage, whereas the lowest SSC was observed in fruit treated with 300 mg/L AVG. In the all analysis date, the highest titratable acidity was obtained in fruits treated with 225 and 300 mg/L AVG. The starch degradation was delayed with AVG treatments.

  12. Enhancement of acidogenic fermentation for volatile fatty acid production from food waste: Effect of redox potential and inoculum.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yin, Jun; Yu, Xiaoqin; Zhang, Yeer; Shen, Dongsheng; Wang, Meizhen; Long, Yuyang; Chen, Ting

    2016-09-01

    The aim of this study was to explore the effects of redox potential (ORP) and inoculum on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from food waste by acidogenic fermentation. Four experimental conditions with two ORP levels were tested: limited aeration conditions with ORP level of -100 to -200mV inoculating anaerobic sludge (LA+AnS) or aerobic sludge (LA+AeS), and anaerobic conditions with ORP level of -200 to -300mV inoculating anaerobic sludge with 2-bromoethanosulfophate (AN+BES) and without BES (AN). The maximal VFA yield (0.79g COD/g VS) was attained in LA+AnS reactor due to enhanced hydrolysis of substrates, especially proteins (degradation efficiency 78.3%). A higher frequency of phylum Firmicutes under limited aeration conditions (42.2-48.2%) was observed than that under anaerobic conditions (21.1%). The microbial community was more diverse in LA+AnS reactors than LA+AeS. We conclude that appropriate ORP level (from -100 to -200mV) and inoculum play essential roles in VFA production. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  13. Specificity of Structural Assessment of Knowledge

    Science.gov (United States)

    Trumpower, David L.; Sharara, Harold; Goldsmith, Timothy E.

    2010-01-01

    This study examines the specificity of information provided by structural assessment of knowledge (SAK). SAK is a technique which uses the Pathfinder scaling algorithm to transform ratings of concept relatedness into network representations (PFnets) of individuals' knowledge. Inferences about individuals' overall domain knowledge based on the…

  14. Turismikampaania hillitses oma reklaamiklippe / Mari Rebane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Rebane, Mari

    2005-01-01

    Turismikampaaniaks valmistatud videoklippi muudeti Eestist saadud negatiivse tagasiside tõttu. Turismikampaania teostaja OÜ Brilliant Marketing Communication partner Aivar Laan selgitab videoklippide eemaldamist kampaania kodulehelt

  15. Novel mitogen-activated protein kinase MpkC of Aspergillus fumigatus is required for utilization of polyalcohol sugars.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reyes, Guadalupe; Romans, Angela; Nguyen, C Kim; May, Gregory S

    2006-11-01

    The genome of Aspergillus fumigatus has four genes that encode mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), sakA/hogA, mpkA, mpkB, and mpkC. The functions of the MpkB and MpkC MAPKs are unknown for A. fumigatus and the closely related and genetically amenable species Aspergillus nidulans. mpkC deletion mutants of A. fumigatus were made and their phenotypes characterized. The mpkC deletion mutants were viable and had normal conidial germination and hyphal growth on minimal or complete media. This is in contrast to deletion mutants with deletions in the closely related MAPK gene sakA/hogA that we previously reported had a nitrogen source-dependent germination phenotype. Similarly, the growth of the mpkC deletion mutants was wild type on high-osmolarity medium. Consistent with these two MAP kinase genes regulating different cellular responses, we determined that the mpkC deletion mutants were unable to grow on minimal medium with sorbitol or mannitol as the sole carbon source. This result implicates MpkC signaling in carbon source utilization. Changes in mRNA levels for sakA and mpkC were measured in response to hypertonic stress, oxidative stress, and a shift from glucose to sorbitol to determine if there was overlap in the SakA and MpkC signaling pathways. These studies demonstrated that SakA- and MpkC-dependent patterns of change in mRNA levels are distinct and have minimal overlap in response to these environmental stresses.

  16. Novel Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase MpkC of Aspergillus fumigatus Is Required for Utilization of Polyalcohol Sugars▿

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reyes, Guadalupe; Romans, Angela; Nguyen, C. Kim; May, Gregory S.

    2006-01-01

    The genome of Aspergillus fumigatus has four genes that encode mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), sakA/hogA, mpkA, mpkB, and mpkC. The functions of the MpkB and MpkC MAPKs are unknown for A. fumigatus and the closely related and genetically amenable species Aspergillus nidulans. mpkC deletion mutants of A. fumigatus were made and their phenotypes characterized. The mpkC deletion mutants were viable and had normal conidial germination and hyphal growth on minimal or complete media. This is in contrast to deletion mutants with deletions in the closely related MAPK gene sakA/hogA that we previously reported had a nitrogen source-dependent germination phenotype. Similarly, the growth of the mpkC deletion mutants was wild type on high-osmolarity medium. Consistent with these two MAP kinase genes regulating different cellular responses, we determined that the mpkC deletion mutants were unable to grow on minimal medium with sorbitol or mannitol as the sole carbon source. This result implicates MpkC signaling in carbon source utilization. Changes in mRNA levels for sakA and mpkC were measured in response to hypertonic stress, oxidative stress, and a shift from glucose to sorbitol to determine if there was overlap in the SakA and MpkC signaling pathways. These studies demonstrated that SakA- and MpkC-dependent patterns of change in mRNA levels are distinct and have minimal overlap in response to these environmental stresses. PMID:16998074

  17. CybermarketingInEstonia.ee / interv. Oksana Kostina

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    Vestlusringis reklaamist ja turundusest Internetis osalesid Sten Klemm, Mihkel Vabrit, Esme Kassak, Aivar Laan, Andrei Korobeinik, Üllar Tamm, Raiko Raie, Martin Orav, Priit A. Heinsalu ja Allan Sombri

  18. "Poisid on kadedad, et tüdrukud keerlevad nüüd ainult minu ümber" / Jaanus Kulli

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kulli, Jaanus, 1955-

    2003-01-01

    Tallinna 21. keskkoolis käivad ja Tallinna Poistekooris laulvad poisid Mark Laane, Oliver Remma ja Jörgen Aav, kes vaheldumisi mängivad-laulavad Georg Malviuse lavastatud muusikalis "Oliver Twist" peaosi

  19. Sissejuhatus sõnavõlur Tolkieni juurde / Neeme Korv

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Korv, Neeme, 1974-

    2003-01-01

    Carpenter, Humphrey. J. R. R. Tolkien : elulugu / inglise keelest tõlkinud Tiina Randus.Tallinn : Tänapäev, 2002 ; Day, David. Tolkieni entsüklopeedia / inglise keelest tõlkinud Marek Laane. Tallinn : Varrak, 2002

  20. Targeting the oxidative stress response system of fungi with safe, redox-potent chemosensitizing agents

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jong H. eKim

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available The cellular antioxidation system is a target in the antifungal action of amphotericin B (AMB and itraconazole (ITZ, in filamentous fungi. The sakAΔ mutant of Aspergillus fumigatus, a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK gene deletion mutant in the antioxidation system, was found to be more sensitive to AMB or ITZ than other A. fumigatus strains, a wild type and a mpkCΔ mutant (MAPK gene deletion mutant in polyalcohol sugar utilization system. The sakAΔ mutant showed no growth at 0.5 μg mL-1 of ITZ or reduced growth at 1.0 to 2.0 μg mL-1 of AMB, while the other strains exhibited robust growth. Complete fungal kill (≥ 99.9% by ITZ or AMB was achieved by much lower dosages for the sakAΔ mutant than for the other strains. SakA and MpkC appear to have overlapping roles in marshalling the oxidative stress response under treatment by an organic peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH, or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2. The SakA signalling pathway was found to be responsible for fungal tolerance to AMB or ITZ toxicity. It appears msnA, an Aspergillus ortholog to Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSN2 (encoding a stress-responsive C2H2-type zinc-finger regulator and sakA and/or mpkC (upstream MAPKs are in the same stress response network under t-BuOOH-, H2O2- or AMB-triggered toxicity. Of note is that ITZ-sensitive yeast pathogens (Candida krusei and Cryptococcus neoformans were also sensitive to t-BuOOH, showing a connection between ITZ toxicity and oxidative stress response. This was shown by enhanced antifungal activity of AMB or ITZ when co-applied with redox-potent natural compounds, 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, thymol or salicylaldehyde, as chemosensitizing agents. Hence, redox compounds, which target the antioxidation system in fungi, possess a potent chemosensitizing capacity to enhance efficacy of conventional drugs inducing oxidative stress. Such chemosensitization can reduce costs and alleviate negative side effects associated with current

  1. From centriole biogenesis to cellular function: centrioles are essential for cell division at critical developmental stages.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rodrigues-Martins, Ana; Riparbelli, Maria; Callaini, Giuliano; Glover, David M; Bettencourt-Dias, Monica

    2008-01-01

    Centrioles are essential for the formation of cilia, flagella and centrosome organization. Abnormalities in centrosome structure and number in many cancers can be associated with aberrant cell division and genomic instability.(1,2) Canonical centriole duplication occurs in coordination with the cell division cycle, such that a single new "daughter" centriole arises next to each "mother" centriole. If destroyed, or eliminated during development, centrioles can form de novo.(3-5) Here we discuss our recent data demonstrating a molecular pathway that operates in both de novo and canonical centriole biogenesis involving SAK/PLK4, SAS-6 and SAS-4.(6) We showed that centriole biogenesis is a self-assembly process locally triggered by high SAK/PLK4 activity that may or not be associated with an existing centriole. SAS-6 acts downstream of SAK/PLK4 to organize nine precentriolar units, which we call here enatosomes, fitting together laterally and longitudinally, specifying a tube-like centriole precursor.(7,8) The identification of mutants impaired in centriole biogenesis has permitted the study of the physiological consequences of their absence in the whole organism. In Drosophila, centrioles are not necessary for somatic cell divisions.(9,10) However, we show here that mitotic abnormalities arise in syncytial SAK/PLK4-derived mutant embryos resulting in lethality. Moreover male meiosis fails in both SAK/PLK4 and DSAS-4 mutant spermatids that have no centrioles. These results show diversity in the need for centrioles in cell division. This suggests that tissue specific constraints selected for different contributions of centrosome-independent and dependent mechanisms in spindle function. This heterogeneity should be taken into account both in reaching an understanding of spindle function and when designing drugs that target cell division.

  2. AL FIKR AL BALAGHI FI AL MA’ĂNI ‘INDA AS SAKĂKI FI KITABIHI MIFTAHUL ULUM DIRĂSAH BALAGHIYYAH

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Talqis Nurdianto

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Miftāhul ‘Ulūm, written by al-Sakākī, especially the third part, was the beginning of a new phase in the development of Arabic rhetoric. Al-Sakākī divided the rhetoric into three fields of study, which are  (1 Ma’ānī, (2 Bayān, (3 Badī’. However, his style is influenced by philosophers, theologians and their verbal lexicon, which are difficult to take, especially for the ordinary recipient. Al-Sakākī described that his book containing several types of literature, namely, ‘ilm ṣarf in complete version and its conclusion, derivation science, and the grammatical study in the completeness of Ma’ānī and Bayān. The meaning of Makna is the study of completeness and conclusion. Therefore, books and prose, and poem require al-‘Arūḍ and al-Qawāfī include Ṣarf, Grammar, Ma’ānī, Bayān, limitation, reasoning, al’Arūḍ, and al-Qawāfī. He argued that the fields of study were influential in delivering knowledge to the student in order to reach the goal of the author towards his book.This research was an analytical descriptive study of al-Sakākī rhetoric that focused on the normative aspect represented by rhetorical rule and aesthetic aspects. Those aspects were shown by the feeling. Al-Sakākī rhetoric thought is a method based on mental division and has conducted in the construction of many factors, which the most important of them are philosophy and logic. Keywords: thought, rhetoric, meanings, sakkaki, study

  3. Microsoft loob Eestis arenduskeskuse / Lauri Linnamäe

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Linnamäe, Lauri

    2008-01-01

    Tarkvaraettevõte Microsoft rajab Eestisse arenduskeskuse, mis peaks koguma Eesti parimad e-lahendused ja tegema need kättesaadavaks Microsofti partneritele. Microsoft Eesti juhi Rain Laane, Wemedia juhi Taavi Kotka ja regionaalminister Siim-Valmar Kiisleri arvamusi

  4. Jäneda viimane mõisaproua ilmus eestlase ette / Andres Laasik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laasik, Andres, 1960-2016

    2011-01-01

    Jänedal Pulli tallis 1. juulil esietendunud Hendrik Toompere noorema lavastusest "Pärast surma Jendalis" (MTÜ R.A.A.A.M). Autor: Urmas Lennuk, osades: Merle Palmiste, Rain Simmul, Sulev Teppart, Marta Laan, Hendrik Toompere noorim

  5. Disainiöös on asju / Karin Paulus

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Paulus, Karin, 1975-

    2016-01-01

    Tallinna Disainiöö 12.-18. septembrini 2016. Uuest kodumaisest disainist (näiteid Marta Mooratsi, Tarmo Luisu, Veiko Liisi, Urmas Lüüsi, Ivar Kaasiku, Krista Leesi, Mariana Laane, Margot Holtsi, Jan Plaani, Pille Ernesaksa loomingust)

  6. Mis tunne on lippu heisata ... kui lipp tuules plagisema hakkas / Ülo Russak

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Russak, Ülo, 1954-

    2018-01-01

    Eesti vabariigi ja Kaitseliidu loomise 100. aastapäeva puhul on veebruarikuu hommikutel Pika Hermanni tornis lipu heiskamise toimkonnas noorkotkad ja kodutütred kõikidest Eesti maakondadest. Harju malevast heiskasid lipu Liismarii Laane ja Mihkel Vaarmaa

  7. Uued aiaraamatud / Jaan Mettik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Mettik, Jaan

    2005-01-01

    2005. a. Tallinnas kirjastuselt "Varrak" ilmunud Mari Laane koostatud "Iluaianduse käsiraamatust" ja Clare Matthews'i raamatust "Rõdu- ja terrassililled", kirjastuselt "Tänapäev" ilmunud Ingrid Olaussoni raamatust "Hooldame aeda lihtsalt ja looduspäraselt" jt

  8. Olend väljastpoolt meie maailma / Raul Sulbi

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Sulbi, Raul

    1995-01-01

    Arvustus: Olend väljastpoolt meie maailma : [Ulmelood] / Koost. Jüri Kallas; Tlk. Jüri Kallas, Sander Kingsepp, Marek Laane, Leo Metsar; Ill. Ants Jaanimägi ja Christina Kuhi; Kujund. Juhan Enniko. Trt.: Elmatar, 1995. (Öölane; 1001).

  9. Individual cybercrime offenders

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Weulen Kranenbarg, Marleen; van der Laan, André; de Poot, C.J.; Verhoeven, Maite; van der Wagen, Wytske; Weijters, Gijs; Leukfeldt, Rutger

    2017-01-01

    Weulen Kranenbarg, M., Laan, A. van der, Poot, C. de, Verhoeven, M., Wagen, W. van der, Weijters, G. (2017). Individual Cybercrime Offenders. In E.R. Leukfeldt (Ed.), Research Agenda: The Human Factor in Cybercrime and Cybersecurity. Den Haag: Eleven International Publishing.

  10. Bill Gates : Miljardärist nohik / Martin Hanson

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Hanson, Martin, 1984-

    2008-01-01

    Bill Gates loobub Microsofti juhi kohast ning jätkab vaid nõustajana. Vt. samas: Elulugu; Tasub teada; Miljardär, kes hoiab oma eraelu kiivalt saladuses. Kommenteerivad Microsoft Eesti esinduse juht Rain Laane ja IBM Eesti juht Valdo Randpere

  11. Off-road'i-mehed tõid Vepsamaa savist võidu koju / Merike Kungla

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kungla, Merike

    2007-01-01

    Vt. ka Linnaleht : Tartu, Linnaleht : Pärnu 28. sept., lk. B6-B7. Balti mere 4X4 karikaetapi Vepski Les masinaklassis TR1 esimese (võitja Viido Laane) ja kolmanda koha võitsid eestlased, teise koha sai lätlane

  12. Seat belt control : semi-active belt force actuator

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Deen, I.J.; Jager, de A.G.; Steinbuch, M.

    2013-01-01

    Letsel aan de borstkas ten gevolge van de autogordel bij (frontale) botsingen komt erg vaak voor. Promotieonderzoek van E.P. van der Laan heeft een continu krachtgeregeld gordelsysteem opgeleverd waarmee dergelijk letsel verminderd zou moeten worden. De praktische uitvoering van dit model bestaat

  13. Usable assembly language for GPUs : a success story

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Bernstein, D.J.; Chen, H.-C.; Cheng, C.M.; Lange, T.; Niederhagen, R.F.; Schwabe, P.; Yang, B.Y.

    2012-01-01

    The NVIDIA compilers nvcc and ptxas leave the programmer with only very limited control over register allocation, register spills, instruction selection, and instruction scheduling. In theory a programmer can gain control by writing an entire kernel in van der Laan's cudasm assembly language, but

  14. Values for rooted-tree and sink-tree digraphs games and sharing a river

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Khmelnitskaya, Anna Borisovna

    We introduce values for rooted-tree and sink-tree digraph games axiomatically and provide their explicit formula representation. These values may be considered as natural extensions of the lower equivalent and upper equivalent solutions for line-graph games studied in Brink, Laan, and Vasil'ev

  15. Subunits of the Snf1 kinase heterotrimer show interdependence for association and activity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Elbing, Karin; Rubenstein, Eric M; McCartney, Rhonda R; Schmidt, Martin C

    2006-09-08

    The Snf1 kinase and its mammalian orthologue, the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), function as heterotrimers composed of a catalytic alpha-subunit and two non-catalytic subunits, beta and gamma. The beta-subunit is thought to hold the complex together and control subcellular localization whereas the gamma-subunit plays a regulatory role by binding to and blocking the function of an auto-inhibitory domain (AID) present in the alpha-subunit. In addition, catalytic activity requires phosphorylation by a distinct upstream kinase. In yeast, any one of three Snf1-activating kinases, Sak1, Tos3, or Elm1, can fulfill this role. We have previously shown that Sak1 is the only Snf1-activating kinase that forms a stable complex with Snf1. Here we show that the formation of the Sak1.Snf1 complex requires the beta- and gamma-subunits in vivo. However, formation of the Sak1.Snf1 complex is not necessary for glucose-regulated phosphorylation of the Snf1 activation loop. Snf1 kinase purified from cells lacking the beta-subunits do not contain any gamma-subunit, indicating that the Snf1 kinase does not form a stable alphagamma dimer in vivo. In vitro kinase assays using purified full-length and truncated Snf1 proteins demonstrate that the kinase domain, which lacks the AID, is significantly more active than the full-length Snf1 protein. Addition of purified beta- and gamma-subunits could stimulate the kinase activity of the full-length alpha-subunit but only when all three subunits were present, suggesting an interdependence of all three subunits for assembly of a functional complex.

  16. Populaarsemad raamatud : [Sõnum] / Ita Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Ita, 1921-2003

    1996-01-01

    Aasta populaarseimad raamatud läti kirjanduses: Vizma Belshevica 'Bille', Regina Ezera 'Lohe Muna' ja Karlis Levinshi 'Muinasjutujärve ääres'; populaarseimad publitsistikaraamatud on Guntis Ulmanise 'Sinult ju palju ei nõuta' ja Dainis Ivansi 'Juhuslik sõdalane'

  17. Kasvukeskkond ja andekus / Marika Veisson

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Veisson, Marika, 1949-

    2001-01-01

    Imikute ja väikelastega läbi viidud longituuduuringu eesmärgiks oli välja selgitada kasvukeskkonna faktorite mõju väikelapse intellekti arengule. Töös osalesid professorid M. Vikat, V. Kolga, teadur A. Vikat, doktor E. Tomberg, magistrandid M. Laane, K. Nugin ja I. Tuisk ning V. Vallner ja A. Veber

  18. Toekomst voor de iep : Resistentie, vermeerdering en gebruikswaarde van het huidige sortiment

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hiemstra, J.A.; Buitenveld [sic], J.; Kopinga, J.

    2012-01-01

    De iep was aan het begin van de 20e eeuw de belangrijkste laanboomsoort in Nederland. Door de problemen met iepziekte nam het belang van de iep in de loop van de 20e eeuw sterk af. De iep is echter een ideale laan-en straatboom die in grote delen van Nederland niet gemist kan worden. Inmiddels zijn

  19. Mengukur Tingkat Kesesuaian antara Standar Akuntansi Keuangan dengan International Financial Reporting Standards per 1 Januari 2008

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosinta Ria Panggabean

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available International accounting topic was rare to adress between accounting practices, especially International Accounting Standard. It occured due to the restrictive source and difficulty in finding the source. However, recently the standard has been an addressed issue since Indonesia Chartered of Accountant (IAI plans to comply the Indonesia Accounting Standard (SAK with the International Financialreporting(IFRSon1stJanuary2012.The purpose of the research is to measure the compliance of the (SAK per 1st January 2008 with the IFRS per 1st January 2008 and attain the association between those two standards. Hence, the difference between the two standards and the neccessary steps to be taken for complying can be obtained. The methodology will be used in the paper are Jaccard’s Coefficients, Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient,Euclidean Distances.The sample for the paper will be 43 accounting issues adressed on both standards that have been chosen and investigated. The paper concludes that there are significant equalities (75% between SAK per 1st January 2008 and IFRS 1st January 2008. (using Jaccard’s Coefficients. Due to several problems that have been found in the research, the author wish that the further researchers could widen the research’s samples, so the result will be more accurate and comprehensive. 

  20. 77 FR 32115 - Ocean Transportation Intermediary License Applicants

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-05-31

    ... Individual), Lar D. Westerberg, CEO, Application Type: Add NVO Service. Jo-Sak Shipping USA, Inc. (NVO & OFF... Service. Waterline International Logistics, Inc. (NVO & OFF), 24178 Alicia Parkway, Mission Viejo, CA...

  1. Graafika Filharmoonias : Harry Liivrand soovitab / Harry Liivrand

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Liivrand, Harry, 1961-

    2004-01-01

    Alustatakse regulaarse kunstinäituse programmiga Estonia Kontserdisaalis. Avatakse graafikanäitus "Lähenemised" (koostaja Vappu Vabar). Osalevad Marje Üksine, Reti Saks, Maria-Kristiina Ulas, Kelli Kagovere, Naima Neidre jt

  2. Eduard Odinets : "Olen eestlane, kelle emakeel on vene keel" / Eduard Odinets ; interv. Erik Kalda

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Odinets, Eduard, 1976-

    2006-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Severnoje Poberezhje Ilmunud ka: Severnoje Poberezhje : Subbota 3. juuni lk. 3. Riigikogu sotsiaaldemokraatide fraktsiooni nõunik oma poliitikukarjäärist. Arvamust avaldab Katrin Saks ja Meelis Goldberg (Severnoje Pob.)

  3. Male sexual orientation in independent samoa: evidence for fraternal birth order and maternal fecundity effects.

    Science.gov (United States)

    VanderLaan, Doug P; Vasey, Paul L

    2011-06-01

    In Western cultures, male androphiles tend to have greater numbers of older brothers than male gynephiles (i.e., the fraternal birth order effect). In the non-Western nation of Independent Samoa, androphilic males (known locally as fa'afafine) have been shown to have greater numbers of older brothers, older sisters, and younger brothers (Vasey & VanderLaan, 2007). It is unclear, however, whether the observed older brother effect, in the context of the additional sibling category effects, represented a genuine fraternal birth order effect or was simply associated with elevated maternal fecundity. To differentiate between these two possibilities, this study employed a larger, independent replication sample of fa'afafine and gynephilic males from Independent Samoa. Fa'afafine had greater numbers of older brothers and sisters. The replication sample and the sample from Vasey and VanderLaan were then combined, facilitating a comparison that showed the older brother effect was significantly greater in magnitude than the older sister effect. These results suggest that fraternal birth order and maternal fecundity effects both exist in Samoa. The existence of these effects cross-culturally is discussed in the context of biological theories for the development of male androphilia.

  4. International conference "Cultural Plurality in Estonia : Policies and Solutions"

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2000-01-01

    Ettekandjad: Katrin Saks, Mall Hellam, Mati Luik, Kirsti Häkkinen, Vello Pettai, Ivi Proos, Katri Raik, NiinaOrhimenko, Ib Ostergaard Rasmussen, Urve Läänemets, Jüri Valge, Aleksander Dusman, Raivo Juurak, Rein Ruutsoo

  5. Ühised juured: Kesk-Euroopa disain Iisraelis / Kai Lobjakas

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lobjakas, Kai, 1975-

    2012-01-01

    Näitus "Common Roots. Design Map on Central Europe" Holoni disainimuuseumis kuni 23.02.2013. Eestist esindavad nüüdisaegset disaini Sixten Heidmets / Fellin Furniture, Monika Järg, Jüri Kermik, Kerttu Laane, Jaanus Orgusaar, Kristi Paap, Villu Pruulmann, Ruumilabor, Pavel Sidorenko ja Igor Volkov. Ajaloolise disaini osas on väljas Helle Gansi, Maile Grünbergi ning Tarbeklaasi ja Estoplasti tööd

  6. Vibrational motion in a symmetric, double minimum potential

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Spanget-Larsen, Jens

    2015-01-01

    Molecular vibrational motion in a symmetric, double minimum potential is treated by means of a quartic model potential, by reference to the tables published by Jaan Laane and the results of harmonic analyses for the stationary points. The inversion vibration of ammonia is treated in detail. - Not...... on the harmonic approximation for polyatomic molecules are appended. - Presented at a NORFA Workshop in Hirtshals, Denmark, August 1997....

  7. Harmonisasi SAK dan Aturan Pajak: Mungkinkah?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Heri Sukendar Sukendar

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available This paper is intended to illustrate the fact that the case today, especially in Indonesia's commitment to convergency of IFRS, where the decision was certainly not out of global importance that in order to improve the information from the financial statements of companies in Indonesia. In addition, the IFRS Convergence is one of the Indonesian government agreements as a member of the G20 forum, the results of the meeting of G20 leaders in Washington DC forum, 15 November 2008. On the other hand, the tax rules that apply are still using the old accounting standards and do not follow the development of increasingly different. Previous differences between GAAP and tax rules are limited to the "deductible and non-deductible" which is resolved through fiscal reconciliation mechanism with positive correction and correction negatipnya. The widening gap today would be a separate issue for IAI as the organization of the accounting profession. Tax Accountant compartment formation in March 2014 is a serious evidence of the organization as an anticipation, particularly in an effort to bridge the gap widening

  8. Aasta pärast terrorit / Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laane, Marek, 1969-

    2002-01-01

    Autor analüüsib Iraani ajaloolaste Ladani ja Roya Bornmandi artiklis "Terror, islam ja demokraatia", Samuel Huntingtoni teoses "Tsivilisatsioonide kokkupõrge", Bobitti raamatus "Shield of Achilles. War, Peace and the Cource of History" esitatud seisukohti. Pärast septembriterrorit on analüütikute hinnangul radikalismi osa islamiilmas kahanenud

  9. Ainenõukogu tähelepanekuid / Ene Laanes

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laanes, Ene

    2003-01-01

    Üleriigiline kehalise kasvatuse ainenõukogu peab vajalikuks juhtida haridusametnike, koolijuhtide ja kooli omanike tähelepanu kehalise kasvatuse ainekava läbiviimisel üles kerkinud probleemidele: meditsiinilisse erigruppi kuuluvate õpilaste hindamine kehalise kasvatuse aines, kehalise kasvatuse tunniks vajalikud harjutuspaigad ja vahendid, nädalatundide arv

  10. METHANE HYDRATE PRODUCTION FROM ALASKAN PERMAFROST

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Richard Sigal; Kent Newsham; Thomas Williams; Barry Freifeld; Timothy Kneafsey; Carl Sondergeld; Shandra Rai; Jonathan Kwan; Stephen Kirby; Robert Kleinberg; Doug Griffin

    2005-02-01

    Natural-gas hydrates have been encountered beneath the permafrost and considered a nuisance by the oil and gas industry for years. Engineers working in Russia, Canada and the USA have documented numerous drilling problems, including kicks and uncontrolled gas releases, in arctic regions. Information has been generated in laboratory studies pertaining to the extent, volume, chemistry and phase behavior of gas hydrates. Scientists studying hydrate potential agree that the potential is great--on the North Slope of Alaska alone, it has been estimated at 590 TCF. However, little information has been obtained on physical samples taken from actual rock containing hydrates. The work scope drilled and cored a well The Hot Ice No. 1 on Anadarko leases beginning in FY 2003 and completed in 2004. An on-site core analysis laboratory was built and utilized for determining the physical characteristics of the hydrates and surrounding rock. The well was drilled from a new Anadarko Arctic Platform that has a minimal footprint and environmental impact. The final efforts of the project are to correlate geology, geophysics, logs, and drilling and production data and provide this information to scientists developing reservoir models. No gas hydrates were encountered in this well; however, a wealth of information was generated and is contained in this report. The Hot Ice No. 1 well was drilled from the surface to a measured depth of 2300 ft. There was almost 100% core recovery from the bottom of surface casing at 107 ft to total depth. Based on the best estimate of the bottom of the methane hydrate stability zone (which used new data obtained from Hot Ice No. 1 and new analysis of data from adjacent wells), core was recovered over its complete range. Approximately 580 ft of porous, mostly frozen, sandstone and 155 of conglomerate were recovered in the Ugnu Formation and approximately 215 ft of porous sandstone were recovered in the West Sak Formation. There were gas shows in the bottom

  11. Reval Hotel Lietuva Vilniuses : Konstitucijos pr. 20 / Piret Lindpere

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lindpere, Piret, 1963-

    2004-01-01

    Vilniuse hotelli "Lietuva" renoveerimine. Arhitektuurse projekti koostaja Rootsi arhitektuuribüroo AB SWECO (arhitektid Aare Saks, Nils Palm. Sisekujundus: Vaikla Disain AS (Katrin ja Argo Vaikla, Liis Lindvere, Peeter Loo). Kommenteerivad Argo ja Katrin Vaikla. 3 ill

  12. On Zweier Sequence Spaces and de la Vall\\'{e}e-Poussin mean of order $\\alpha$

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bipan Hazarika

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available The main purpose of this paper is to study some geometrical properties such as order continuous, the Fatou property and the Banach-Saks property of the new space $[\\mathcal{Z}_{\\lambda}^{\\alpha}]_{\\infty}(p.$

  13. The Use of Pocket Electronic Dictionaries by Thai University Students

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Atipat Boonmoh

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available

    ABSTRACT: This article reports on a small-scale study of Thai-speaking learners using pocket electronic dictionaries (PEDs to read an English news article. It investigates how the subjects use their PEDs for reading comprehension. Thirty-nine undergraduate students completed a questionnaire survey. Of these, four were chosen to participate in the experiment. Observations and interviews were utilized to ascertain how the subjects used their PEDs. The findings showed superficial and partial reading of the dictionary entries. It also revealed several factors that may hinder dictionary look-up success. On the basis of this research, guidelines for buying PEDs and for teaching PED skills are proposed.

    OPSOMMING: Die gebruik van sak- elektroniese woordeboeke deur Thaise universiteitstudente. Hierdie artikel doen verslag van 'n kleinskaalse studie van Thaisprekende aanleerders wat sak- elektroniese woordeboeke (SEW's gebruik om 'n Engelse nuusartikel te lees. Dit ondersoek hoe die proefpersone hul SAW's gebruik vir leesbegrip. Nege-en-dertig voorgraadse studente het 'n vraelysopname voltooi. Uit hulle is vier gekies om aan die eksperiment deel te neem. Waarnemings en onderhoude is aangewend om te bepaal hoe die proefpersone hul SEW's gebruik het. Die bevindings het oppervlakkige en gedeeltelike lees van die woordeboekinskrywings getoon. Dit het ook verskeie faktore uitgewys wat woordeboekopsoeksukses mag belemmer. Op grond van hierdie navorsing word riglyne vir die koop van SEW's en vir die onderrig van SEWvaardighede voorgestel.

    Sleutelwoorde: WOORDEBOEKGEBRUIK, SAK- ELEKTRONIESE WOORDEBOEK, WOORDEBOEKRAADPLEGING, EENTALIGE WOORDEBOEK, TWEETALIGE WOORDEBOEK

  14. Targeting the Oxidative Stress Response System of Fungi with Redox-Potent Chemosensitizing Agents

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Jong H.; Chan, Kathleen L.; Faria, Natália C. G.; Martins, M. de L.; Campbell, Bruce C.

    2012-01-01

    The cellular antioxidant system is a target in the antifungal action of amphotericin B (AMB) and itraconazole (ITZ), in filamentous fungi. The sakAΔ mutant of Aspergillus fumigatus, a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) gene deletion mutant in the antioxidant system, was found to be more sensitive to AMB or ITZ than other A. fumigatus strains, a wild type and a mpkCΔ mutant (a MAPK gene deletion mutant in the polyalcohol sugar utilization system). Complete fungal kill (≥99.9%) by ITZ or AMB was also achieved by much lower dosages for the sakAΔ mutant than for the other strains. It appears msnA, an Aspergillus ortholog to Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSN2 (encoding a stress-responsive C2H2-type zinc-finger regulator) and sakA and/or mpkC (upstream MAPKs) are in the same stress response network under tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH)-, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)- or AMB-triggered toxicity. Of note is that ITZ-sensitive yeast pathogens were also sensitive to t-BuOOH, showing a connection between ITZ sensitivity and antioxidant capacity of fungi. Enhanced antifungal activity of AMB or ITZ was achieved when these drugs were co-applied with redox-potent natural compounds, 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, thymol or salicylaldehyde, as chemosensitizing agents. We concluded that redox-potent compounds, which target the antioxidant system in fungi, possess a chemosensitizing capacity to enhance efficacy of conventional drugs. PMID:22438852

  15. Kihelkonnamäng elust ja armastusest algab homme / Regina Lilleorg

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lilleorg, Regina

    2008-01-01

    Kuusalu kihelkonnamängust "Õhtune jalutuskäik Laane Leeni ja Oru Antoniga", mis käsitleb kirjanik Anton Hansen Tammsaare noorusaega Kuusalu mail Koitjärve lähistel. Kihelkonnamängu korraldab Kuusalu vallas tegutsev MTÜ Veljo Tormise Kultuuriselts (kihelkonnamänge korraldatakse 2000. aastast alates). N'äidendite autor on Saima Kallionsivu. Osalevad Kuusalu keskkooli näitering, õpetajad, kohalikud inimesed ja ka tallinlased

  16. Challenges in Utilising Key Leader Engagement in Civil-Military Operations

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-06-01

    experience from Afghanistan represented different organisations: Swedish Armed Forces (SwAF), Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency ( Sida ...with Swedish civil and military personnel • Extensive experience from several missions, focus on Afghanistan • Organisations: SwAF, Sida , SAK and

  17. Arvutijuhtimisega korter annab omanikule kontrolli / Siiri Suutre

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Suutre, Siiri

    2007-01-01

    Järgmisel aastal valmib Tallinnas Juurdeveo 19 maja, kus korteriomanikel on pidev virtuaalne juurdepääs oma kodule. Projekteerijad Harry Klaar ja Kätlin Saks arhitektuuribüroost On Arhitektid. Tehnoloogiline lahendus AS Eltron ja Yoga Intelligence AS

  18. Climate change and urbanization threaten water resources in South ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    2014-08-14

    Aug 14, 2014 ... JAGP: Have you found that climate-related pressures are related to ... SAK: We found that urbanization and climate change have put extra stress on water ... JAGP: Will the research team continue to work together on water ...

  19. Genetic analisys of a cross of gaillon (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra) with cauliflower (B.oleracea var. botrytis)

    OpenAIRE

    Spini, Vanessa B.M.G.; Kerr, Warwick Estevam

    2000-01-01

    The cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) is an annual vegetable cultivated in Southern and Southwestern Brazil with limited production in the Northeast and Centralwest. A variety of Chinese kale, "kaai laan" or "gaillon" (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra), produces seeds at high temperatures and therefore can do so in North and Northeastern Brazil. Gaillon and cauliflower were crossed 55 times using 10 gaillon plants as mothers and 4 cauliflower plants as pollen donors. From these c...

  20. Building on success / Edward Lucas

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lucas, Edward

    2007-01-01

    Eesti edust 1990ndatel aastatel. Kuid 2007. a. parlamendivalimised näitasid, et Eestis nagu teistes endistes kommunistlikes maades puudub reformialdis valitsus. Kiitust pälvib Eesti president Toomas Hendrik Ilves, kes pani veto pronkssõduri seadusele ja taunis Eesti iseseisvuspäeva pidustustel peetud kõnes korruptsiooni, enesega rahulolu ja takerdunud reforme. Vt. ka Marek Laane tõlge eesti keelde: Eesti vajab terasemat valitsust. Postimees 8. märts 2007, lk. 16

  1. The Search for Peace in Mindanao: Resolving a Wicked Problem

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-03-22

    negotiating panel, still led by Mohagher Iqbal, but with new members such as Professor Abhoud Syed Linga and Datu Antonio Kinoc of B‘laan tribe...that the MILF received funds from charitable institutions operated by Mohammed Jamal Khalifa, Osama Bin Laden‘s brother-in-law.53 The MILF has...Crucible: A Reader (Quezon City: CenPeg Publications), 2008, p. 136. 19 7 Hermoso, p. 61. 8 Dato‘ Md Ismael bin Ahmad Khan, ―The International

  2. A lattice calculation of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to (g-2)μ

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Della Morte, Michele; Francis, Anthony; Gerardin, A.

    2018-01-01

    We present results of calculations of the hadronic vacuum polarisation contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Specifically, we focus on controlling the infrared regime of the vacuum polarisation function. Our results are corrected for finite-size effects by combining the Gounaris-Sak...

  3. Expression of recombinant staphylokinase, a fibrin-specific plasminogen activator of bacterial origin, in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gerszberg, Aneta; Wiktorek-Smagur, Aneta; Hnatuszko-Konka, Katarzyna; Łuchniak, Piotr; Kononowicz, Andrzej K

    2012-03-01

    One of the most dynamically developing sectors of green biotechnology is molecular farming using transgenic plants as natural bioreactors for the large scale production of recombinant proteins with biopharmaceutical and therapeutic values. Such properties are characteristic of certain proteins of bacterial origin, including staphylokinase. For many years, work has been carried out on the use of this protein in thrombolytic therapy. In this study, transgenic Solanum tuberosum plants expressing a CaMV::sak-mgpf-gusA gene fusion, were obtained. AGL1 A. tumefaciens strain was used in the process of transformation. The presence of the staphylokinase gene was confirmed by PCR in 22.5% of the investigated plants. The expression of the fusion transgene was detected using the β-glucuronidase activity assay in 32 putative transgenic plants. Furthermore, on the basis of the GUS histochemical reaction, the transgene expression pattern had a strong, constitutive character in seven of the transformants. The polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of a protein extract from the SAK/PCR-positive plants, revealed the presence of a119 kDa protein that corresponds to that of the fusion protein SAK-mGFP-GUSA. Western blot analysis, using an antibody against staphylokinase, showed the presence of the staphylokinase domain in the 119 kDa protein in six analyzed transformants. However, the enzymatic test revealed amidolytic activity characteristic of staphylokinase in the protein extract of only one plant. This is the first report on a Solanum tuberosum plant producing a recombinant staphylokinase protein, a plasminogen activator of bacterial origin.

  4. Relation of Knowledge and Performance in Boys' Tennis: Age and Expertise.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McPherson, Sue L.; Thomas, Jerry R.

    1989-01-01

    Examined 10- to 13-year-old boys' development of knowledge structure and sport performance in tennis by comparing skills and knowledge of experts and novices. Experts focused on higher concepts and exhibited greater decision-making ability because of their more highly developed knowledge structure. (SAK)

  5. Euroopa unelm / Jeremy Rifkin ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Rifkin, Jeremy

    2006-01-01

    Autori hinnangul võiksid ameeriklased eurooplastelt õppida solidaarsust, kaasatust, elukvaliteeti, jätkusuutlikku arengut ja rahu, eurooplased aga ameeriklastelt isiklikku vastutamist, lootusetunnet, optimismi ning riskimist. Vt. samas lk. 34-37 Linnar Viigi ja Jeremy Rifkini diskussiooni

  6. Eesti vajab terasemat valitsust / tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2007-01-01

    Briti mõjukas majandusajakiri Economist kirjutas oma veebiväljaandes Eesti edust 1990. aastatel. Kuid parlamendivalimised näitasid, et Eestis nagu teistes endistes kommunistlikes maades puudub reformialdis valitsus. Kiitust pälvib Eesti president Toomas Hendrik Ilves, kes pani veto pronkssõduri seadusele ja taunis Eesti iseseisvuspäeva pidustustel peetud kõnes korruptsiooni, enesega rahulolu ja takerdunud reforme. Kommenteerivad Eesti Konjunktuuriinstituudi juhtiv teadur Leev Kuum, SEB Ühispanga analüütik Hardo Pajula, majandusministri nõunik Heido Vitsur ja peaministri nõunik Taavi Rõivas

  7. ERKÜ valimiste tulemused

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2006-01-01

    8. aprilli koosolekul kinnitas valimiste peakomitee XIX Esinduskogu liikmed: Mati Kõiva, Ylo Anson, Juhan Simonson, Airi Vaga, Gilda M. Karu, Taavo Virkhaus, Marju Rink-Abel, Markus Vaga, Eric Suuberg, Endel Reinpõld, Jaak Juhansoo, Ülle Ederma, Lya Karm, Heino Jõgis, Kersti Linask, Jaak Rakfeldt, Erik Puskar, Jüri Linask, Viiu Vanderer, Andres Kurrik, Mati Valdek Laan, Ilmar Vanderer, Henno Uus, Jüri Tults, Urmas Wompa, Astrid Jaanson, Jüri Virkus, Lilian G. G. Bein, Tiina Harris, Tõnu Vanderer

  8. Ebavõrdsus hukutab Eesti arengu / Katrin Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Katrin, 1956-

    2004-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Pärnu Postimees, 22. jaan. 2004, lk. 11; Võrumaa Teataja, 24. jaan. 2004, lk. 2; Meie Maa, 24. jaan. 2004, lk. 2; Hiiu Leht, 27. jaan. 2004, lk. 2; Põhjarannik, 31. jaan. 2004, lk. 2; Severnoje Poberezhje, 31. jaan. 2004, lk. 2; Koit, 3. veebr. 2004, lk. 6; Hiiumaa, 3. veebr. 2004, lk. 2. Autor vaatleb riigi osa ebavõrduse ilmingute likvideerimisel Eestis ja leiab, et ebavõrdsus on meie arengu peamine takistus, mille kõrvaldamine on sotsiaaldemokraatide peamine eesmärk

  9. Kas holokaust võib korduda? / Elhonen Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Elhonen, 1927-

    2000-01-01

    Eestit külastas USA Kongressi Esindajatekoja välissuhete komisjoni liige Tom Lantos. Dokumentaalfilm "Viimased päevad" ("The Last Days") Eesti välisministeeriumi pressikeskuses. režissöör James Moll : Ameerika Ühendriigid 1998. Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation algatus. Filmi esitusel osalesid ka L. Meri ja T. H. Ilves.

  10. Pikk tee märkamiseni / Katrin Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Katrin, 1956-

    2008-01-01

    Õpilaste koolisuhetest ning koolivägivallast. Ilmunud ka Vooremaa 9. okt. 2008, lk. 2 ; Võrumaa Teataja 11. okt. 2008, lk. 2 ; Koit 11. okt. 2008, lk. 6 ; Meie Maa 13. okt. 2008, lk. 2 ; Pärnu Postimees 10. okt. 2008, lk. 15 ; Virumaa Teataja 15. okt. 2008, lk. 11

  11. Äraaetud hobused lastakse maha / Katrin Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Katrin, 1956-

    2008-01-01

    Tööaja direktiivi muutmise eelnõust, mis suurendaks töötajate tööaja piiranguid. Ilmunud ka Põhjarannik 19. juuni 2008, lk.2 ; Vooremaa 21. juuni 2008, lk. 2 ; Virumaa Teataja 27. juuni 2008, lk. 11 ; Pärnu Postimees 27. juuni 2008, lk. 15 ; Järva Teataja 1. juuli 2008, lk. 2 ; Koit 3. juuli 2008, lk. 6 ; Nädalaleht 20. juuni 2008, lk. 7

  12. Fathers: A Placement Resource for Abused and Neglected Children?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Greif, Geoffrey L.; Zuravin, Susan J.

    1989-01-01

    Investigated 17 custodial and 18 noncustodial fathers of abused or neglected children to determine: (1) how fathers get custody; (2) how situations in which fathers get custody differ from those in which they do not; and (3) the degree to which father placements are satisfactory. (SAK)

  13. Download this PDF file

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    DR. AMIN

    Gadagi” tea preparations,. “sak'',”sada” and “magani”.. LD50 values of each type of the tea were determined. Results of phase. I and phase II of the study showed no mortality was recorded in any of the experimental groups of rats in 24hours ...

  14. Pärnu piirivalvekordoni hoone arhitektuurivõistlus / Hindrek Kesler

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kesler, Hindrek

    2006-01-01

    Žürii liige eskiisprojekti võistlusest ja võistlustöödest. Tulemused: II koht - töö "Arava", autor Toomas Mägi, III koht - töö "Vilgatus", autorid Kätlin Saks, Harry Klaar, ergutuspreemia - töö "Maru", autorid Heidi Urb, Siiri Vallner, Toomas Paaver

  15. Naval Research Laboratory 1986 Review

    Science.gov (United States)

    1986-01-01

    probabil- infinitesimal impedance elements cannot be dep- ity density, icted .) If PR (r. 1 is the joint probability den- sity function for r and 1, a...Dynamics. 1-5 Sept. 1986, finse Research. Medellin , Colombia. % Rosenblum, L.J., Chairperson, IEEE Computer Saks, N.S., Coorganizer and lecturer, IEEE

  16. Macroscopic modelling of solid-state fermentation

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hoogschagen, M.J.

    2007-01-01

    Solid-state fermentation is different from the more well known process of liquid fermentation because no free flowing water is present. The technique is primarily used in Asia. Well-known products are the foods tempe, soy sauce and saké. In industrial solid-state fermentation, the substrate usually

  17. Preoperative radiochemotherapy and radical surgery in comparison with radical surgery alone

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mohr, C.; Schettler, D.; Bohndorf, W.

    1994-01-01

    A multicentric, randomized study of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity and the oropharynx has been undertaken by DOeSAK. The results after radical surgery alone have been compared with the results of combined preoperative radiochemotherapy followed by radical surgery. Patients with primary (biopsy proven) SCC of the oral cavity or the oropharynx with tumor nodes metastasis (TNM) stages T2-4, N0-3, M0 were included in the study. A total of 141 patients were treated by radical surgery alone, whereas 127 patients were treated by radical surgery preceded by preoperative radiochemotherapy. The pre-operative treatment consisted of conventionally fractioned irradiation on the primary and the regional lymph nodes with a total dose of 36 Gy (5 x 2 Gy per week) and low-dose cisplatin chemotherapy with 5 x 12.5 mg cisplatin per m 2 of body surface during the first week of treatment. Radical surgery according to be DOeSAK definitions (DOeSAK, 1982) was performed after a delay of 10-14 days. During the follow-up period, 28.2% of all patients suffered from locoregional recurrence, and 27.2% of the patients died. The percentages were higher after radical surgery alone for locoregional recurrence (31% and 15.6%) and for death (28% and 18.6%). The life-table analysis showed improved survival rates of 4.5% after 1 year and 8.3% after 2 years in the group of patients treated with combined therapy. The demonstrated improvement appeared to be significant with the Gehan-Wilcoxon test as well as with the log rank test below a P value of 5%. (au) (29 refs.)

  18. The Host Immune Response to Streptococcus pneumoniae: Bridging Innate and Adaptive Immunity

    Science.gov (United States)

    2006-07-06

    P.J. (1989) Effect of Streptococcus pneumoniae on human respiratory epithelium in vitro. Infect. Immun. 57: 2006-2013. Stoop, J.N., van der Molen ...antibiotics. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 3: 171-196. Knapp, S., Wieland, C.W., van ’t Veer, C., Takeuchi, O., Akira, S., Florquin, S., and van der Poll...R.G., Baan, C.C., van der Laan, L.J., Kuipers, E.J., Kusters, J.G., and Janssen, H.L. (2005) Regulatory T cells contribute to the impaired immune

  19. Short outlines of books by Estonian authors / Janika Kronberg and Rutt Hinrikus

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kronberg, Janika, 1963-

    2010-01-01

    Arvustus: Kiin, Sirje. Marie Under : elu, luuletaja identiteet ja teoste vastuvõtt. Tallinn : Tänapäev, 2009 ; Laanes, Eneken. Lepitamatud dialoogid : subjekt ja mälu nõukogudejärgses eesti romaanis. Tartu : Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus, 2009 ; Ehin, Kristiina. Emapuhkus. Tallinn : Pandekt, 2009 ; Tungal, Leelo. Seltsimees laps ja suured inimesed. Tallinn : Tänapäev, 2008 ; Tungal, Leelo. Samet ja saepuru, ehk, Seltsimees laps ja kirjatähed. Tallinn : Tänapäev, 2009 ; Õnnepalu, Tõnu. Paradiis. Tallinn : Varrak, 2009

  20. METHANE HYDRATE PRODUCTION FROM ALASKAN PERMAFROST

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Donn McGuire; Steve Runyon; Richard Sigal; Bill Liddell; Thomas Williams; George Moridis

    2005-02-01

    Natural-gas hydrates have been encountered beneath the permafrost and considered a nuisance by the oil and gas industry for years. Engineers working in Russia, Canada and the USA have documented numerous drilling problems, including kicks and uncontrolled gas releases, in arctic regions. Information has been generated in laboratory studies pertaining to the extent, volume, chemistry and phase behavior of gas hydrates. Scientists studying hydrate potential agree that the potential is great--on the North Slope of Alaska alone, it has been estimated at 590 TCF. However, little information has been obtained on physical samples taken from actual rock containing hydrates. This gas-hydrate project is in the final stages of a cost-shared partnership between Maurer Technology, Noble Corporation, Anadarko Petroleum, and the U.S. Department of Energy's Methane Hydrate R&D program. The purpose of the project is to build on previous and ongoing R&D in the area of onshore hydrate deposition to identify, quantify and predict production potential for hydrates located on the North Slope of Alaska. Hot Ice No. 1 was planned to test the Ugnu and West Sak sequences for gas hydrates and a concomitant free gas accumulation on Anadarko's 100% working interest acreage in section 30 of Township 9N, Range 8E of the Harrison Bay quadrangle of the North Slope of Alaska. The Ugnu and West Sak intervals are favorably positioned in the hydrate-stability zone over an area extending from Anadarko's acreage westward to the vicinity of the aforementioned gas-hydrate occurrences. This suggests that a large, north-to-south trending gas-hydrate accumulation may exist in that area. The presence of gas shows in the Ugnu and West Sak reservoirs in wells situated eastward and down dip of the Hot Ice location indicate that a free-gas accumulation may be trapped by gas hydrates. The Hot Ice No. 1 well was designed to core from the surface to the base of the West Sak interval using the

  1. Benjamin Vassermanile preemiad

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2007-01-01

    Graafik Benjamin Vasserman pälvis kolme digitaalse graafilise lehe eest žürii kiituse Ungaris Györis toimunud biennaalil "The Master of Drawing and Graphic Arts" ning II preemia nelja lehe eest Leedus Vilniuses toimunud VI rahvusvahelisel väikegraafika triennaalil. Eestist osalesid veel Reti Saks ja Kelli Valk

  2. Trachypodaceae. A critical revision

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Zanten, van B.O.

    1959-01-01

    1. Trachypus. 1. T. bicolor Reinw. et Hornsch. is divided into 4 varieties: a. var. bicolor, b. var. hispidus (C. Muell.) Card., c. var. viridulus (Mitt.) Zant. comb. nov., d. var. scindifolius (Sak.) Nog. 2. T. humilis Lindb. is divided into 2 varieties: a. var. humilis, b. var. tenerrimus (Herz.)

  3. ON STRONG AND WEAK CONVERGENCE IN n-HILBERT SPACES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Agus L. Soenjaya

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available We discuss the concepts of strong and weak convergence in n-Hilbert spaces and study their properties. Some examples are given to illustrate the concepts. In particular, we prove an analogue of Banach-Saks-Mazur theorem and Radon-Riesz property in the case of n-Hilbert space.

  4. Ähvardus : olümpiamängude teleülekanne jääb ära / Kai Kalamees

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kalamees, Kai

    2005-01-01

    Riigikogu liige Jaak Allik peab vajalikuks leida ETV-le lisamiljoneid olümpiamängude ja jalgpalli MM-i teleülekanneteks. Riigikogu liikmed Olav Aarna ja Katrin Saks kritiseerisid valitsust, et rahvusringhäälingu arengukava suhtes pole võetud seisukohta. Kultuuriminister Raivo Palmaru arvamusi. Lisa: Ringhäälingureform tulekul

  5. Gıda Zehirlenmeleri

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Necati Akbulut

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Gıda Teknolojisinin gelişmesi ile, gıda maddesinin tüketici için daha alımlı olmasını sağlamak, kısa zamanda bozulmasını engellemek ve pazara yeni çeşitler sunmak için bazı kimyasal maddeler kullanılmaya başlanılmıştır. Bunun yanında tarımda kullanılan kimyasal maddeler artmış, ambalaj sanayi gelişmiş, bu da gıda maddelerine bulaşan maddelerin türlerini arttırmıştır. Ayrıca gıda maddelerine belirli amacı olmadan katılan maddelerde vardır. Diğer taraftan tüketiciyi aldatmak, hile yapmak, çok kar sağlamak veya kötü kaliteyi gizlemek amacı ile de kullanılan maddeler bulunmaktadır. İster teknik zorunluk, ister hile amacıyla olsun bu tür yabancı maddeler öncelikle insan sağlığını ilgilendirmektedir. Bazı maddelerin vücuda alınması sakıncasız olduğu halde, bazıları sakıncalıdır. Sakıncasız olanlarında belirli bir sınırın üzerinde uzun süre alınmaları zararlı olabilmektedir. Bu toplum sağlığı sorunu birçok ülkeyi gıda sanayiinde kullanılan kimyasal maddelerin hoşgörü sınırlarının hesaplanması noktasına götürmüştür.

  6. Using continuous UV extinction measurements to monitor and control the aerated phase of sequencing batch reactors; Einsatz der kontinuierlichen UV-Extinktionsmessung fuer die Ueberwachung und Regelung der Belueftungsphase in SBR-Anlagen

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Nicolet, L.; Rott, U. [Stuttgart Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Siedlungswasserbau, Wasserguete- und Abfallwirtschaft; Bardeck, S. [Optek-Danulat GmbH (Germany)

    1999-07-01

    The work describes the measurement of UV extinction - expressed as the spectral absorption coefficient SAC - at a randomly chosen wave length as a technique for monitoring organic load in effluents from sequencing batch reactors (SBR) at municipal and industrial waste water treatment plants. Further described is to what extent the continuous determination of the SAC can be used in practice for the control of the aerated phase of sequencing batch reactors. By this means, process stabilization and optimization can be achieved and operating reliability can be enhanced. (orig.) [German] Inhalt dieses Beitrages ist es, die Messung der UV-Extinktion - ausgedrueckt durch den spektralen Absorptionskoeffizient (SAK) - bei einer frei gewaehlten Wellenlaenge als Verfahren fuer die Ueberwachung der organischen Belastung in den Ablaeufen von SBR-Anlagen (Sequencing-Batch-Reactor) in der kommunalen und industriellen Abwasserreinigung vorzustellen. Weiterhin soll dargestellt werden, in wieweit die kontinuierliche Bestimmung des SAK in der Praxis fuer die Regelung der beluefteten Phase von SBR-Anlagen eingesetzt werden kann. Hiermit kann eine Prozessstabilisierung und -optimierung der Anlagen erreicht sowie die Betriebssicherheit erhoeht werden. (orig.)

  7. Korp! Rotalia Los Angeleses / Bruno Laan, Jüri Tint

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laan, Bruno, 1926-

    1988-01-01

    Sisaldab ka nimekirja rotalustest ja nende perekonnaliikmetest XIV Lääneranniku Eesti Päevade juhtkonnas, Los Angelese konvendi presiidiumite nimekirja aastatest 1957-1986, Los Angelese konvendi magistrite ja ametmeeste nimekirja 1960-1986 ja konvendis peetud referaatide nimekirja 1959-1985

  8. Eesti-Vene kompleks / Jeroen Bult ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Bult, Jeroen, 1971-

    2007-01-01

    Rahvusvaheliste sotsiaaluuringute analüütik kirjutab Eesti keeldumisest anda luba Nord Streamile uuringute tegemiseks Eesti majandustsoonis, Eesti, Vene ja Saksa suhetest ja leiab, et uuringuloa andmisega merepõhja uuringuteks oleks Eesti saanud tihendada sidemeid EL-i suurima riigi Saksamaaga

  9. Pudemed möödunud aegade kroonikast / Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laane, Marek, 1969-

    2002-01-01

    Esimene Peter Jacksoni käe all valmivast kolmest filmist J.R.R. Tolkieni triloogia "Sõrmuste isand" alusel - "Sõrmuse vennaskond", "The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring" : Uus-Meremaa, Ameerika Ühendriigid 2001

  10. Eesti graafika edu Hispaanias / Benjamin Vasserman

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Vasserman, Benjamin

    1999-01-01

    Hispaanias Orenses dets. 1998/jaan. 1999 peetud V rahvusvahelisel graafikabiennaalil "Julio Prieto Nespereira auhind" pälvisid žürii kiituse eesti graafikud R. Saks, V. Tolli, B. Vasserman. I preemia ئ T. Uchida. Näitusel osales S. Liiva. 1998. a. sügisel Jaapanis toimunud II Tokio rahvusvahelisest väikegraafika triennaalist võttis osa N. Neidre.

  11. TÜ ja TPÜ uusi magistreid 2002 / Tiia Margus, Hille Roots, Krista Kerge

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Margus, Tiia

    2003-01-01

    TÜ eesti ja soome-ugri keeleteaduse osakonnas kaitsesid 2002.a. magistritööd N. Gordejeva, T. Leemets, S. Mäearu, M. Raadik, A. Tavast, K. Kikas, S. Iva, T. Iva, N. Kuznetsov, K. Strandson, L. Talejeva, M. Allik, V. Ernštreits, K. Kuldnokk, K. Praakli, E. Laanes, A. Pilv, K. Talviste, L. Hion, P. Noorhani, R. Hindrikus, J. Oras, L. Jääts. TPÜ eesti keele ja soome-ugri keelte magistrikraadi kaitsmisnõukogu ees kaitsesid magistritööd M. Pesti, K. Aava, J. Kallas, A. Lange, I. Kivirähk

  12. Session 8: biofuels; Session 8: Les biocarburants

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Botte, J.M.

    2006-01-15

    Here are given the summaries of the speeches of Mr Daniel Le Breton (Total): the transports of the future: the role of biofuels; of Mr Pierre Rouveirolles (Renault): the future expectations and needs; of Mr Frederic Monot (IFP): the developments of new generations of biofuels from biomass; of Mr Willem Jan Laan (Unilever): the use of bio resources for food and fuel: a fair competition? All these speeches have been presented at the AFTP yearly days (12-13 october 2005) on the session 8 concerning the biofuels. (O.M.)

  13. Toiduvilja koht pole kütusepaagis / Katrin Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Katrin, 1956-

    2008-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Nädaline 22. mai, lk. 4, Pärnu Postimees 22. mai, lk. 15, Võrumaa Teataja 22. mai, lk. 2, Vooremaa 22. mai, lk. 2, Valgamaalane 22. mai lk. 2, Hiiu Leht 23. mai, lk. 2, Kuulutaja 23. mai lk. 4, Koit 24. mai lk. 6, Järva Teataja, Harju Elu 27. mai lk. 2, Vali Uudised 28. mai lk. 2, Meie Maa 29. mai lk. 2, Lääne Elu 5. juuni lk. 2, Virumaa Teataja 6. juuni, lk. 11, Sakala 6. juuni lk. 2, Molodjozh Estonii 9. juuni lk. 7. Euroopa Parlamendi liige annab ülevaate EL biokütusepoliitikast

  14. Cloning, high-level expression, purification and characterization of a ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Yomi

    2012-03-15

    Mar 15, 2012 ... sequences from S. aureus strains deposited in GenBank (AF332619, ... Metal ions and detergents also showed an inhibitory effect on rSak, especially Zn2+ and Cu2+ which .... at 6000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C. Wet cells was used immediately for .... 42% of the total proteins (Figure 2A, lanes 3 to 5) using.

  15. Scientific Creativity and High Ability: Gender and academic level differences

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Javier ESPARZA MOLINA

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available  The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of gender and educational level on scientific creativity among gifted/talented students. A cohort of creatividad científica y alta habilidad: diferencias de género y nivel educativo 78 secondary school students from 12 to 16 years old participated in this research. The scientific creativity was measured using the Creative Scientific Ability Test (Sak & Ayas, 2011 designed for secondary school students from 11 to 14 years old. Its theoretical framework sets up the measurement of a three dimensional structure: general creative abilities (fluency, flexibility and creativity, scientific creative abilities (hypothesis generation, hypothesis testing and evidence evaluation and scientific knowledge. This test has the right adequate psychometric properties with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.848 (Sak & Ayas, 2013. Results indicated that male students scored significantly higher in a task named Interaction Graph which measures hypothesis generation in interdisciplinary science. The analysis also showed that students involved in upper education levels scores significantly higher in general fluency and in the task called The Food Chain which measures evidence evaluation in the area of ecology.

  16. Purification and characterization of the three Snf1-activating kinases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Elbing, Karin; McCartney, Rhonda R; Schmidt, Martin C

    2006-02-01

    Members of the Snf1/AMPK family of protein kinases are activated by distinct upstream kinases that phosphorylate a conserved threonine residue in the Snf1/AMPK activation loop. Recently, the identities of the Snf1- and AMPK-activating kinases have been determined. Here we describe the purification and characterization of the three Snf1-activating kinases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The identities of proteins associated with the Snf1-activating kinases were determined by peptide mass fingerprinting. These kinases, Sak1, Tos3 and Elm2 do not appear to require the presence of additional subunits for activity. Sak1 and Snf1 co-purify and co-elute in size exclusion chromatography, demonstrating that these two proteins form a stable complex. The Snf1-activating kinases phosphorylate the activation loop threonine of Snf1 in vitro with great specificity and are able to do so in the absence of beta and gamma subunits of the Snf1 heterotrimer. Finally, we showed that the Snf1 kinase domain isolated from bacteria as a GST fusion protein can be activated in vitro and shows substrate specificity in the absence of its beta and gamma subunits.

  17. Peasant struggles and social change: migration, households and gender in a rural Turkish society.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ilcan, S M

    1994-01-01

    "This article sheds light on the interrelationship of seasonal migration, subsistence production and peasant relations in a community (Sakli) located in Turkey's northwestern countryside.... While migrant labor is understood by local villagers as forming part of a continual battle to preserve local tradition and kinship ties, this article shows how it reduces the dominion of landlords while creating internal household differentiation and gendered hierarchies." excerpt

  18. Eesti disain / Silvia Pärmann

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Pärmann, Silvia

    2014-01-01

    Ahti Grünbergi ja Tõnis Kalve mööbliseeria Derelict. Maile Grünbergi disainitud toolid ja laud Madis. Taniel Kolpakovi kaubamärgile Rough Bloom disainitud köögimööbel. Kaubamärgi Varm Country uus kollektsioon Basic no 2. Kersti Laanmaa keraamilised teekannud Kiviaeg ja Jänes kapsas. Tiina Mangi kavandatud diivan Sik-Sak. Tõnis Vellama valgustimudel AET27

  19. The pathway by which the yeast protein kinase Snf1p controls acquisition of sodium tolerance is different from that mediating glucose regulation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ye, Tian; Elbing, Karin; Hohmann, Stefan

    2008-09-01

    It recently became apparent that the highly conserved Snf1p protein kinase plays roles in controlling different cellular processes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in addition to its well-known function in glucose repression/derepression. We have previously reported that Snf1p together with Gis4p controls ion homeostasis by regulating expression of ENA1, which encodes the Ena1p Na(+) extrusion system. In this study we found that Snf1p is rapidly phosphorylated when cells are exposed to NaCl and this phosphorylation is required for the role of Snf1p in Na(+) tolerance. In contrast to activation by low glucose levels, the salt-induced phosphorylation of Snf1p promoted neither phosphorylation nor nuclear export of the Mig1p repressor. The mechanism that prevents Mig1p phosphorylation by active Snf1p under salt stress does not involve either hexokinase PII or the Gis4p regulator. Instead, Snf1p may mediate upregulation of ENA1 expression via the repressor Nrg1p. Activation of Snf1p in response to glucose depletion requires any of the three upstream protein kinases Sak1p, Tos3p and Elm1p, with Sak1p playing the most prominent role. The same upstream kinases were required for salt-induced Snf1p phosphorylation, and also under these conditions Sak1p played the most prominent role. Unexpectedly, however, it appears that Elm1p plays a dual role in acquisition of salt tolerance by activating Snf1p and in a presently unknown parallel pathway. Together, these results indicate that under salt stress Snf1p takes part in a different pathway from that during glucose depletion and this role is performed together as well as in parallel with its upstream kinase Elm1p. Snf1p appears to be part of a wider functional network than previously anticipated and the full complexity of this network remains to be elucidated.

  20. Kinetics of Slurry Phase Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dragomir B. Bukur; Gilbert F. Froment; Tomasz Olewski; Lech Nowicki; Madhav Nayapati

    2006-12-31

    The overall objective of this project is to develop a comprehensive kinetic model for slurry-phase Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) employing iron-based catalysts. This model will be validated with experimental data obtained in a stirred-tank slurry reactor (STSR) over a wide range of process conditions. Three STSR tests of the Ruhrchemie LP 33/81 catalyst were conducted to collect data on catalyst activity and selectivity under 25 different sets of process conditions. The observed decrease in 1-olefin content and increase in 2-olefin and n-paraffin contents with the increase in conversion are consistent with a concept that 1-olefins participate in secondary reactions (e.g. 1-olefin hydrogenation, isomerization and readsorption), whereas 2-olefins and n-paraffins are formed in these reactions. Carbon number product distribution showed an increase in chain growth probability with increase in chain length. Vapor-liquid equilibrium calculations were made to check validity of the assumption that the gas and liquid phases are in equilibrium during FTS in the STSR. Calculated vapor phase compositions were in excellent agreement with experimental values from the STSR under reaction conditions. Discrepancies between the calculated and experimental values for the liquid-phase composition (for some of the experimental data) are ascribed to experimental errors in the amount of wax collected from the reactor, and the relative amounts of hydrocarbon wax and Durasyn 164 oil (start-up fluid) in the liquid samples. Kinetic parameters of four kinetic models (Lox and Froment, 1993b; Yang et al., 2003; Van der Laan and Beenackers, 1998, 1999; and an extended kinetic model of Van der Laan and Beenackers) were estimated from experimental data in the STSR tests. Two of these kinetic models (Lox and Froment, 1993b; Yang et al., 2003) can predict a complete product distribution (inorganic species and hydrocarbons), whereas the kinetic model of Van der Laan and Beenackers (1998, 1999) can

  1. Kinetics of Slurry Phase Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dragomir B. Bukur; Gilbert F. Froment; Tomasz Olewski; Lech Nowicki; Madhav Nayapati

    2006-01-01

    The overall objective of this project is to develop a comprehensive kinetic model for slurry-phase Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) employing iron-based catalysts. This model will be validated with experimental data obtained in a stirred-tank slurry reactor (STSR) over a wide range of process conditions. Three STSR tests of the Ruhrchemie LP 33/81 catalyst were conducted to collect data on catalyst activity and selectivity under 25 different sets of process conditions. The observed decrease in 1-olefin content and increase in 2-olefin and n-paraffin contents with the increase in conversion are consistent with a concept that 1-olefins participate in secondary reactions (e.g. 1-olefin hydrogenation, isomerization and readsorption), whereas 2-olefins and n-paraffins are formed in these reactions. Carbon number product distribution showed an increase in chain growth probability with increase in chain length. Vapor-liquid equilibrium calculations were made to check validity of the assumption that the gas and liquid phases are in equilibrium during FTS in the STSR. Calculated vapor phase compositions were in excellent agreement with experimental values from the STSR under reaction conditions. Discrepancies between the calculated and experimental values for the liquid-phase composition (for some of the experimental data) are ascribed to experimental errors in the amount of wax collected from the reactor, and the relative amounts of hydrocarbon wax and Durasyn 164 oil (start-up fluid) in the liquid samples. Kinetic parameters of four kinetic models (Lox and Froment, 1993b; Yang et al., 2003; Van der Laan and Beenackers, 1998, 1999; and an extended kinetic model of Van der Laan and Beenackers) were estimated from experimental data in the STSR tests. Two of these kinetic models (Lox and Froment, 1993b; Yang et al., 2003) can predict a complete product distribution (inorganic species and hydrocarbons), whereas the kinetic model of Van der Laan and Beenackers (1998, 1999) can

  2. Auahnus ja mitmemõttelisus / Tiago Marques ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Marques, Tiago

    2007-01-01

    Autor vaatleb arenguid, mida võib Euroopa Liidule tuua Portugal eesistujamaana ja leiab, et koos uue Euroopa Liidu lepingu eeldatava heakskiitmisega esitab Portugali programmile suurima väljakutse Euroopa Liidu ja Aafrika tippkohtumine

  3. Venemaa otsib lahendust konfliktile Tšetšeeniaga / Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laane, Marek, 1969-

    1998-01-01

    Tšetšeenia presidendi A. Mashadovi ja Venemaa peaministri S. Kirijenko kohtumisest 1. aug., kus S. Kirijenko lubas Tšetšeenial aidata taastada naftatööstust ning taotleda piirkonnale erimajandustsooni staatust

  4. Mida teha tumeda minevikuga? / Bruno Groppo ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Groppo, Bruno

    2005-01-01

    Autor keskendub küsimusele, kuidas trauma üle elanud ühiskond peaks oma minevikust üle saama, kui tingimused riigis normaliseeruvad, ning käsitleb lähemalt sellega seonduvalt olukorda Argentinas, Tšiilis, Venemaal

  5. Putin lubas tshetsheenidele suurt autonoomiat / Kristiina Ojuland ; interv. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ojuland, Kristiina, 1966-

    2000-01-01

    ENi delegatsiooni koosseisus Moskvas ja Tšetšeenias viibinud K. Ojuland selgitab Vene presidendi nägemust võimalikust suuremast autonoomiast tshetsheenidele. Autor: Reformierakond. Parlamendisaadik. Ilmunud ka: Põhjarannik 21. jaan. lk. 2

  6. Surra Tallinna eest / Patrick J. Buchanan ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Buchanan, Patrick J.

    2007-01-01

    USA presidendikandidaat kirjutab Venemaa-Eesti konfliktist pronkssõduri pärast ja võimalikust Venemaa rünnakust Eesti vastu ning arvab, et USA ei peaks, hoolimata NATO põhimõttest, sekkuma, sest see tooks kaasa veel suurema sõja

  7. Saudi rahuplaan ajas Iisraeli juhid tülli / Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laane, Marek, 1969-

    2002-01-01

    Saudi Araabia esitatud Lähis-Ida rahuplaan on ajanud Iisraeli juhtkonna tülli: peaminister Ariel Sharon on selle vastu, president Moshe Katsar on aga valmis saudidega kohtuma. Kaart: Iisraeli muutuvad piirid

  8. Riskikapital vajab riigi kehtestatud mängureegleid / Peeter Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Peeter

    2004-01-01

    AS-i Suprema Securities juhatuse esimehe sõnul on Euroopa riskikapitali turul selge nõudlus sobiva seadusliku raamistiku ja hea mainega riigi või piirkonna järele, Eestil on praegu võimalus kujuneda Euroopa üheks riskikapitali keskuseks. Autori arvates peaks esimeseks sammuks olema eraldi riskikapitali seaduse loomine. Vt. samas: Andrus Ansip, Taavi Veskimägi ja Linnar Viik vastavad küsimusele, kas Eesti vajab riiklikku riskikapitali fondi

  9. Valitsusliit jätab lasteaiaõpetajad virelema / Katrin Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Katrin, 1956-

    2004-01-01

    Koolieelsete lasteasutuste seaduse muutmise seaduseelnõu hääletati Riigikogu menetlusest välja, vanemahüvitistest. Ilmunud ka Pärnu Postimees 23. sept. 2004, lk. 15 ; Hiiu Leht 24. sept. 2004, lk. 2 ; Sakala 24. sept. 2004, lk. 2 ; Vali Uudised 24. sept. 2004, lk. 2 ; Nädaline 23. sept. 2004, lk. 4 ; Põhjarannik 24. sept. 2004, lk. 2 ; Türi Rahvaleht 24. sept. 2004, lk. 4, Meie Maa 28. sept. 2004. lk. 2 ; Koit 30. sept. 2004, lk. 6 ; Vooremaa 7. okt. 2004, lk. 2 ; Valgamaalane 16. okt. 2004, lk. 2

  10. Laste hulk ei sõltu toonekurgede arvukusest / Katrin Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Katrin, 1956-

    2006-01-01

    Perekonnaseaduse eelnõust ja samasooliste abielust. Sama ka Harjumaa 24. jaan. 2006, lk. 2 ; Võrumaa Teataja 24. jaan. 2006, lk. 2 ; Vali Uudised 25. jaan. 2006, lk. 2 ; Meie Maa 25. jaan. 2006, lk. 2 ; Hiiu Leht 27. jaan. 2006, lk. 2 ; Kuulutaja 27. jaan. 2006, lk. 4 ; Lõunaleht 26. jaan. 2006, lk. 2 ; Vooremaa 26. jaan. 2006, lk. 2 ; Pärnu Postimees 2. veeb. 2006, lk. 11 ; Sakala 2. veeb. 2006, lk. 2 ; Valgamaalane 25. aprill 2006, lk. 2 ; Hiiu Leht 9. mai 2006, lk. 2 ; Sotsiaaldemokraat 16. veeb. 2006, lk. 5

  11. KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN UMKM SERTA PROSPEK IMPLEMENTASI SAK ETAP

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rizki Rudiantoro

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available This study examines the effect of quality of the SMEs’ financial statements on level of credit received by SMEs, as well as prospect of financial accounting standard for entity without public accountability (FAS EWPA implementation in 2011 to improve the quality of the financial statements of SMEs. The data of this study is obtained from the questionnaires returned by 50 SME entrepreneurs in the area of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, and other parts of Java. The results of this study show that the quality of SME financial statements do not affect the amount of credit received by SMEs. This may be due to the low quality of financial statements of SMEs so that banks are still in doubt with the relevancy and reliability of financial reporting. Prospect of FAS EWPA implementation to improve the quality of financial report may have been constrained due to the low understanding of the SME entrepreneurs over the FAS EWPA.

  12. Installation Restoration Program. Site Investigation Report. 147th Fighter Interceptor Group, Texas Air National Guard, Ellington, Field, Houston, Texas

    Science.gov (United States)

    1991-01-01

    N4.L.....-I~C1 01AME TER ...... SACKS OF TON’O 4-1At AN SCH4EDULE 40PVC SAK pTA rEINO 8LANK VLT TRAP I o GALLONS OF GVOUT USED SOTTOM WELL CAP POUNDS...and fungi on leaf surfaces and in soil. Many of these microorganisms play key roles in the decomposer food chain. Cases of lead poisoning have been

  13. AS Balti Ameerika Auto Keskus Peterburi tee 50

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    1998-01-01

    Tallinna 'Chrysleri' ja 'Jeepi' autokeskuse hoonekompleksis on eristatavad kolm osa: kahekorruseline müügisalong, ühekorruseline töökoda ja hooldusruunid, ladu ning olmeplokk. Klaasfassaadiga automüügisaal ulatub hoonest välja sammastega ümbritsetud poolkaarest paadikujulise siiluna. Peatöövõtja: AS Feer Ehituse projektijuht: AS TSM. Projekteerija: Arhitektuuribüroo R. Puusepp. Arhitekt Aare Saks (FFNS, Rootsi). Sisekujundus Rein Nurmse. Projekt 1996, valmis 1997

  14. Aspects of vibrio parahaemolyticus(SAK) in fish preservation by irradiation 1. The presence of vibrio parahaemolyticus(SAK) in coastal areas of Sumatra and Java

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Suhadi, F.

    1984-01-01

    A study was carried out on the presence of vibrio parahaemolyticus in samples of sediment and seafoods originating from the eastern coast of Sumatra and the north coastal areas of Java. In a total of 2.434 samples of sediment and seafoods, 79 (3,3%) were found to contain vibrio parahaemolyticus. Among the 467 sediment samples, 1.650 fish, 133 shellfish, 123 shrimps, and 61 crab samples, 22 (4.7%), 41 (2.5%), 12 (9.0%), 2 (1,6%) and 2 (3.3%) were positive for vibrio parahaemolyticus, respectively. Based on the sampling areas, the high incidence of vibrio parahaemolyticus was found in samples collected from Riau (5.4%), while the samples from East Java was only about 0.4%. The contamination level of vibrio parahaemolyticus in samples collected from coastal areas of Sumatra and Java is relatively lower compared with the data obtained from some other coastal areas in the United States and Japan. (author)

  15. Baltimaad - kas "uue" Euroopa esmaasukad? / Jeroen Bult ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Bult, Jeroen

    2005-01-01

    Ajakirjanikud, teadlased ja rahvusvaheliste suhete analüütikud kasutavad "vana" ja "uue" Euroopa metafoori oma arutlustes Atlandi üleste pingete, Euroopa Liidu praeguse halvatuse ning sotsiaalmajanduslike probleemide üle, millega seisavad silmitsi EL-i suuremad liikmesriigid. See jaotus on omamoodi aluseks ka raamatule "The Baltic States And Their Region. New Europe Or Old? ". Raamatu aluseks on 2004. a. Glasgow's peetud samanimeline konverents

  16. Euroopa halvavad ja ohtlikud ummikteed / Jeroen Bult ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Bult, Jeroen

    2005-01-01

    Prantsusmaa ja Hollandi negatiivsed hääletustulemused Euroopa Liidu põhiseadusliku leppe osas ja 2007-2013. aasta eelarvevaidlused on viinud Euroopa Liidu sügavasse kriisi, mille tagajärjel ei suudeta tõenäoliselt välja töötada ega kasutusele võtta ühist välis- ja kaitsepoliitikat. Seetõttu võib Euroopa Liidust võib kujuneda pelk vabakaubandustsoon

  17. Sotsiaaldemokraatia taassünd Eestis / Tony Blair ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Blair, Tony, 1953-

    2004-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Molodjozh Estonii, 9. veebr. 2004, lk. 3, lüh. Suurbritannia peaminister tervitab Mõõdukate kongressi ja sotsiaaldemokraatide taasärkamist ning kirjeldab parteide ja riikide koostöövõimalusi ühises Euroopas

  18. Riigi teaduspreemiate 2003 kandidaadid / Villi Ehatamm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ehatamm, Villi

    2003-01-01

    2003. a. teaduspreemia kandidaadid: J. Einasto, A.-E. Kaasik, R. Hagelberg, H. Rätsep, R. Pullat, M. Kilp, V. Laan, P. Normak, S. Keevallik, V. Hižnjakov, M. Selg, T. Pehk, T. Rang, M. Mihkla, A. Eek, E. Meister, H.-J. Kaalep, J. Harro, A. Metspalu, T. Jürimäe, J. Haberman, A. Miidel, T. Nõges, E. Pihu, A. Raukas, R. Gross, T. Paaver, A. Valdmann, Ü. Tamm, M. Mandre, K. Ots, H. Pärn, J. Klõseiko, T. Rajasalu, V. Vensel, E. Berg, J. Reiljan, U. Varblane, K. Katus, A. Puur, A. Põldma, K. Rebane, M. Hallik, M. Must, A. Univere, E. Juhkam, I. Käsi, V. Lonn, E. Niit, K. Kirme

  19. Kes kaitseb röövelliku kiirlaenu eest? / Katrin Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Katrin, 1956-

    2008-01-01

    Kiirlaenudest ja nendega seonduvatest probleemidest Eestis, seaduseelnõust, mis suurendab SMS-laenu võtnute võimalusi kaitsta oma õigusi laenuandjate ees ning olukorra ohjeldamisest Rootsis ja Soomes. Ilmunud ka Pärnu Postimees 31. okt. 2008, lk. 11, pealkiri kujul: kaitse röövelliku kiirlaenu vastu ja tarbijakaitsepoliitika ; Lõunaleht 6. nov. 2008, lk. 4, pealkiri kujul: kes kaitseb röövelliku kiirlaenu eest ehk tarbijakaitsepoliitika lakmustest ; Vali Uudised 7. nov. 2008, lk. 2 ; Harju Ekspress 7. nov. 2008, lk. 8, pealkiri kujul: kes kaitseb röövelliku kiirlaenu vastu ehk tarbijakaitsepoliitika lakmustest ; Türi Rahvaleht 14. nov. 2008, lk. 4 ; Virumaa Teataja 14. nov. 2008, lk. 11, pealkiri kujul: kiirlaenud on test tarbijakaitsepoliitikale ; Kuulutaja 14. nov. 2008, lk. 4, pealkiri kujul: kes kaitseb kiirlaenu vastu ; Vooremaa 18. nov. 2008, lk. 2 ; Sõnumitooja 26. nov. 2008, lk. 2 ; Koit : Tarbijaleht 27. nov. 2008, lk. 10

  20. Ciprofloxacin and Trimethoprim Cause Phage Induction and Virulence Modulation in Staphylococcus aureus

    Science.gov (United States)

    Goerke, Christiane; Köller, Johanna; Wolz, Christiane

    2006-01-01

    In Staphylococcus aureus strains of human origin, phages which integrate into the chromosomal gene coding for β-hemolysin (hlb) are widely distributed. Most of them encode accessory virulence determinants such as staphylokinase (sak) or enterotoxins. Here, we analyzed the effects of ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim on phage induction and expression of phage-encoded virulence factors by using isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis for which the induction of hlb-converting phages was demonstrated in vivo (C. Goerke, S. Matias y Papenberg, S. Dasbach, K. Dietz, R. Ziebach, B. C. Kahl, and C. Wolz, J. Infect. Dis. 189:724-734, 2004) as well as a φ13 lysogen of phage-cured strain 8325-4. Treatment of lysogens with subinhibitory concentrations of either antibiotic resulted in (i) delysogenization of strains resembling the isolates picked up after chronic lung infection and (ii) replication of phages in the bacterial host in a dose-dependent manner. Ciprofloxacin treatment resulted in enhanced recA transcription, indicating involvement of the SOS response in phage mobilization. Induction of φ13 was linked to elevated expression of the phage-encoded virulence gene sak, chiefly due to the activation of latent phage promoters. In summary, we could show the induction of hlb-converting phages and a subsequent virulence modulation of the host bacterium by ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim. PMID:16377683

  1. Desain Kapal 3-in-1 Penumpang-Barang-Container Rute Surabaya – Lombok

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    I Gede Hadi Saputra

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Dalam proses pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia, berbagai upaya telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah antara lain program Masterplan Percepatan dan Perluasan Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia (MP3EI dan juga Program Tol Laut. Program-program tersebut diambil oleh pemerintah agar terjadi pemerataan pembangunan ekonomi di setiap daerah demi meningkatkan kondisi ekonomi Indonesia. Dalam mengaplikasikan program tersebut, pemerintah membutuhkan sarana transportasi yang efisien dan salah satu alat transportasi tersebut adalah kapal 3-in-1. Kapal ini diharapkan mampu menjadi sarana transportasi dan juga sarana dalam pendistribusian barang dari Jawa ke Indonesia Timur sehingga mampu meningkatkan ekonomi di Indonesia bagian timur khususnya. Kapal 3-in-1 ini akan berangkat dari Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak, Surabaya menuju Pelabuhan Lembar, Lombok dengan kecepatan 17 knot. Dalam mendesain kapal dilakukan analisis teknis dan juga analisis ekonomis berupa menghitung biaya pembangunan kapal. Kapal yang didesain memiliki ukuran utama Length of Waterline (LWL: 130 meter, length of perpendicular (LPP: 125 meter, Breadth (B: 22 meter, Height (H: 11.7 meter, dan Draft (T: 6.6 meter. Dengan ukuran tersebut kapal ini mampu mengangkut penumpang sebanyak 488 orang, kontainer sebanyak 161 TEUs, dan semen sebanyak 3200 ton (di dalam bentuk sak di mana 1 sak semen sama dengan 40 kg. Dengan ukuran dan jumlah muatan tersebut seluruh regulasi dan ketentuan teknis telah terpenuhi. Besar biaya pembangunan kapal adalah sebesar Rp 77,302,629,498.00.

  2. Eestlased graafikanäitustel / Benjamin Vasserman

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Vasserman, Benjamin

    1999-01-01

    IV Kochi graafikatriennaalil Jaapanis 13. III-18. IV osales Eestist Benjamin Vasserman tööga "Vaheldus I". Peapreemia: Eduardo Roca Zalazar. XIV rahvusvahelisel graafikanäitusel "Premio Internationale Biella per I'Incisione" Itaalias 23. IV-23. V osalesid Eestist Peeter Allik, Reti Saks, Benjamin Vasserman. Näituse nimeline preemia: Seung Yeon Kim. 26. VIII avati Fredrikstadis 12. Norra rahvusvaheline graafikatriennaal. 5. nov. avatakse X Varna graafikabiennaal Bulgaarias, 15. XII ئ III Egiptuse graafikatriennaal Gizas. "International Print Triennial Cracow 2000" näitustest

  3. Perbedaan IFRS, U.S. GAAP, Dan PSAK: Investement Property

    OpenAIRE

    L.D., Nunik

    2010-01-01

    International accounting standards convergence which has been done through adopting IFRS completely by DSAK is IAS 40 Investment Property. Based on these adopting, there will be differentiation between IFRS, U.S. GAAP and PSAK. But for PSAK valid in January 1st 2008 (SAK in July 1st 2009), there are no differentiation with IFRS because PSAK adopts IFRS completely, but between IFRS, PSAK and U.S. GAAP have differentiation. This paper will only discuss about the differentiation between IFRS, U....

  4. Akamai Internship Program

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-04-17

    been  trained  through  the  ISEE   PDP     o 1  at  UH   Hilo   o 2  at   Hawaii  Community  College  (1  now...AFRL-OSR-VA-TR-2015-0094 AKAMAI INTERNSHIP PROGRAM Lisa Hunter UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII SYSTEMS Final Report 04/17/2015 DISTRIBUTION A: Distribution...NUMBER n/a 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER n/a 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) University of Hawaii Systems 2530 Dole St. SAK D-200

  5. HÂRİCÎ LERİN “EL-EMRU Bİ’L-MA’RÛF VE’N-NEHYU ANİ’L-MÜNKER” ANLAYIŞI

    OpenAIRE

    Dalkıran, Sayın

    2010-01-01

    “El-Emru bi’l-ma’rûf ve’n-nehyu ani’l-münker / iyiliği emretmek kötülükten sakındırmak” prensibi İslam’da büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Bu bir görevdir ve her müslümanın yapması gereken bir emirdir. Ancak ilk dönemden günümüze kadar bu emrin yerine getirilmesi konusunda Müslüm...

  6. Nest survival of piping plovers at a dynamic reservoir indicates an ecological trap for a threatened population

    Science.gov (United States)

    Anteau, Michael J.; Shaffer, Terry L.; Sherfy, Mark H.; Sovada, Marsha A.; Stucker, Jennifer H.; Wiltermuth, Mark T.

    2012-01-01

    In the past 60 years, reservoirs have reshaped riverine ecosystems and transformed breeding habitats used by the threatened piping plover (Charadrius melodus; hereafter plover). Currently, 29% of the Northern Great Plains plover population nests at reservoirs that might function as ecological traps because reservoirs have more diverse habitat features and greater dynamics in water levels than habitats historically used by breeding plovers. We examined factors influencing daily survival rates (DSR) of 346 plover nests at Lake Sakakawea (SAK; reservoir) during 2006–2009 by evaluating multiple a priori models, and we used our best model to hindcast nest success of plovers during 1985–2009. Our observed and hindcast estimates of nest success were low compared to published estimates. Previous findings indicate that plovers prefer nest sites that are low relative to water level. We found that elevation of nests above the water level had a strong positive correlation with DSR because water levels of SAK typically increased throughout the nesting period. Habitat characteristics on the reservoir differ from those that shaped nest-site selection for plovers. Accordingly, extraordinary nest loss occurs there in many years, largely due to inundation of nests, and based on low fledging rates those losses were not compensated by potential changes in chick survival. Therefore, our example supports the concept of ecological traps in birds because it addresses quantitative assessments of habitat preference and productivity over 25 years (since species listing) and affects a large portion of the population.

  7. Jaapan nõuab Ühendriikidelt hukkunud laeva ülestõstmist / Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laane, Marek, 1969-

    2001-01-01

    Hawaii lähistel õppustel kiiret pinnaletõusu harjutanud USA allveelaev Greeneville põrkas kokku Jaapani õppelaevaga Ehime Maru, õnnetuse tagajärjel hukkus tõenäoliselt 9 jaapanlast. Skeem: USA allveelaev uputas Jaapani laeva

  8. Iisraeli valimistel pistavad täna rinda rahukotkas ja rahutuvi / Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laane, Marek, 1969-

    2003-01-01

    Iisraeli parlamendivalimistel selgub, kas rahvas eelistab paremtsentristliku peaministri Ariel Sharoni poliitika jätkumist või tööparteilasi. Tabel: Ariel Sharon. Diagramm: Viimased arvamusküsitlused

  9. Disease: H00056 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available H00056 Alzheimer's disease (AD) Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic disorder tha...sak JM, Holtzman DM ... TITLE ... The role of apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's disease. ... JOURNAL ... Neuron 63:2...87-303 (2009) DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.06.026 ... PMID:18802446 ... AUTHORS ... Bertram L, Tanzi RE ... TITLE ... Thirty years of Alzheimer...Cacabelos R ... TITLE ... Pharmacogenomics in Alzheimer's disease. ... JOURNAL ... Methods Mol Biol 448:213-357 (2...008) DOI:10.1007/978-1-59745-205-2_10 ... PMID:17082447 ... AUTHORS ... Goedert M, Spillantini MG ... TITLE ... A century of Alzheimer

  10. Characterization of oil and gas reservoir heterogeneity. Annual report, November 1, 1990--October 31, 1991

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    1991-12-31

    The objective of the cooperative research program is to characterize Alaskan reservoirs in terms of their reserves, physical and chemical properties, geologic configuration and structure, and the development potential. The tasks completed during this period include: (1) geologic reservoir description of Endicott Field; (2) petrographic characterization of core samples taken from selected stratigraphic horizons of the West Sak and Ugnu (Brookian) wells; (3) development of a polydispersed thermodynamic model for predicting asphaltene equilibria and asphaltene precipitation from crude oil-solvent mixtures, and (4) preliminary geologic description of the Milne Point Unit.

  11. Characterization of oil and gas reservoir heterogeneity

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    1991-01-01

    The objective of the cooperative research program is to characterize Alaskan reservoirs in terms of their reserves, physical and chemical properties, geologic configuration and structure, and the development potential. The tasks completed during this period include: (1) geologic reservoir description of Endicott Field; (2) petrographic characterization of core samples taken from selected stratigraphic horizons of the West Sak and Ugnu (Brookian) wells; (3) development of a polydispersed thermodynamic model for predicting asphaltene equilibria and asphaltene precipitation from crude oil-solvent mixtures, and (4) preliminary geologic description of the Milne Point Unit.

  12. Necip Fazıl Kısakürek’in “Kaldırımlar” Şiiri Üzerine Dil Bilimsel Bir Çözümleme A Linguistic Analysis On Necip Fazıl Kısakurek’s Poem Called As ‘Kaldırımlar’

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yusuf TEPELİ

    2013-03-01

    önüyle şiirin başarısında ve kalıcılığında büyük paya sahiptir. Şiir dilden ayrı düşünülemeyeceği için şiir eleştirisi de dilden bağımsız gerçekleştirilemez. Şiirin yansıttığı duyguları, okuyucuya yaşattığı atmosferi birtakım öznel değerlendirmelerle aktarmak yerine tamamen metnin kendi söz varlığına dayanan, bilimsel bir yöntemle açıklamak ihtiyacı bu çalışmanın yapılmasında etkili olmuştur. Bu çalışma için Necip Fazıl Kısakürek’in şiirinin tercih edilmesinde şairin sapmalar ve aktarmalarla özgün imgeler yaratması, ses ögelerinden bolca yararlanması, konuşulan dilin verdiği rahat söyleyişi yakalaması etkili olmuştur. Şair kişinin yoğun iç hesaplaşmalarının, ruh çalkantılarının yansımalarını dış dünyanın gerçekliğiyle aktardığı mistik şiirler kaleme almıştır. “Kaldırımlar” şiiri tüm bu nitelikleri içermesi bakımından bizlere ideal bir dil malzemesi sağlamaktadır.Bu çalışmada, Necip Fazıl Kısakürek’in Kaldırımlar adlı şiiri dilbilimsel bakışla çözümlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bunun için Doğan Aksan'ın "Şiir Dili ve Türk Şiir Dili" adlı eseri temel alınarak, Aksan’ın değişik şiir örnekleri üzerinde gösterdiği şiir inceleme yöntemi bir Kaldırımlar şiiri üzerinde uygulanmıştır.İki bölümden oluşan çalışmanın ilk bölümünde kısaca sözcük türleri üzerinde durulmuş, ikinci bölümde ise metnin söz varlığını oluşturan sözcüklerin dil bilimsel/ anlam bilimsel/ gösterge bilimsel incelemesi yapılmış, bulgular tablolaştırılarak aktarılmıştır. Metinde geçen sözcükler tür, anlam yönü, ses ögeleri bakımından incelenmiş, bunların duygu değerleri, geçiş sıklıkları ve birbirleriyle ilişkileri tespit edilerek çözümlemeye gidilmiştir.

  13. Uued muutused nõuavad enam selgitustööd / Katrin Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Katrin, 1956-

    2008-01-01

    Euroopa Liidu otsustest ja nende tähtsusest ning selgitamise vajadusest. Ilmunud ka Koit 22. jaan. 2008, lk. 6, pealkiri kujul: Muutused nõuavad poliitikutelt järjest enam selgitustööd, Meie Maa 22. jaan. 2008, lk. 2 ; Sakala 24. jaan. 2008, lk. 2 ; Valgamaalane 22. jaan. 2008, lk. 2 ; Virumaa Teataja 25. jaan. 2008, lk. 11 ; Lääne Elu 24. jaan. 2008, lk. 2 ; Pärnu Postimees 5. veeb. 2008, lk. 19

  14. Ohutusnõuded laste mänguasjadele muutuvad senisest karmimaks / Katrin Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Katrin, 1956-

    2008-01-01

    Euroopa Komisjoni avaldatud kauaoodatud mänguasjade ohtuse direktiivi eelnõust, mis reguleerib siin müüdavate mängukannide ohutusnõudeid. Ilmunud ka Meie Maa 23. okt. 2008, lk. 2, pealkiri kujul: nõuded laste mänguasjadele muutuvad karmimaks ; Põhjarannik 23. okt. 2008, lk. 2 ; Järva Teataja 25. okt. 2008, lk. 2, pealkiri kujul: lelude ohutusnõuded karmistuvad ; Kuulutaja 24. okt. 2008, lk. 4 ; Oma Saar 6. nov. 2008, lk. 5 ; Pärnu Postimees 7. nov. 2008, lk. 15 ; Valgamaalane 11. nov. 2008, lk. 2

  15. Uus Eesti disain / Silvia Pärmann

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Pärmann, Silvia

    2016-01-01

    Allan Prooso, Argo Männiku ja Kalmer Alliku (HOOG) disainitud riiulid. Liis Lindmaa ja Anatoli Tafitšuki disainitud kassimaja Juno. Anni Varmi puidust lõikelauad, Toivo Raidmetsa tool Arike, Maria Kalmu vineerist prossid, Jaanus Orgusaare kapp Rolling. Merili Sule ja Petrica Artene (StenCilit) disainitud seinašabloonid. Merlin Tiiveli (NION design) käsitsi valmistatud sisustuaksessuaarid (korvid, vaibad, kott-toolid). Margus Triibmanni toolvalgusti Cranberry, Stella Soomlaisi naturaalsest nahast käekotid. Kristjan Rabi, Janno Roodi, Veljo Viikanti (Aegaon) disainitud käekellad. Mari Saani, Mariana Laane (stuudio Nüüd) keraamika. Silver Tibbingi pakendikujundused Sõsara kosmeetikatoodetele, Elena Volki ja Eveliis Salaka Helge Kodu ruumiparfüümid. Kerly Kaljuste ja Anu Rajamäe (KOOSdisain) kodutekstiilid. Meelis Undi ja Mari Otsa (WolfBerry) lastemööbel

  16. De receptie van de Franse literatuur in de Nederlandse literaire tijdschriften van het interbellum: een pleidooi voor een meer synchrone literatuurgeschiedschrijving

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sabine van Wesemael

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Tijdens het interbellum was de Franse literatuur een belangrijk referentiepunt voor met name de katholieke en de vrijzinnige, niet zuilgebonden pers in Nederland. Men nam een voorbeeld aan grote katholieke schrijvers als Mauriac en Bernanos of men spiegelde zich aan de romans van vroeg-twintigste-eeuwse modernisten als Gide en Proust. Onderzoek naar de receptie van de Franse literatuur laat zien dat de beeldvorming hieromtrent in de Nederlandse literatuurgeschiedschrijving aanpassing behoeft. Nederlandse literatuurhistorici als Ruiter en Smulders, en Van Bork en Laan, zijn vaak te zeer gericht op het beschrijven van een diachrone ontwikkeling en hebben te weinig oog voor de synchrone diversiteit aan opvattingen. In welke zin, zo vraag ik me hier af, kan een internationaal georiënteerd tijdschriftenonderzoek een bijdrage leveren aan de Nederlandse literatuurgeschiedschrijving?

  17. Complex function theory

    CERN Document Server

    Sarason, Donald

    2007-01-01

    Complex Function Theory is a concise and rigorous introduction to the theory of functions of a complex variable. Written in a classical style, it is in the spirit of the books by Ahlfors and by Saks and Zygmund. Being designed for a one-semester course, it is much shorter than many of the standard texts. Sarason covers the basic material through Cauchy's theorem and applications, plus the Riemann mapping theorem. It is suitable for either an introductory graduate course or an undergraduate course for students with adequate preparation. The first edition was published with the title Notes on Co

  18. Substituted dihydronaphthalenes as efflux pump inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Thota, Niranjan; Reddy, Mallepally V; Kumar, Ashwani

    2010-01-01

    A new series of 3-(substituted-3,4-dihydronaphthyl)-2-propenoic acid amides has been prepared through convergent synthetic strategies and tested in combination with ciprofloxacin against NorA overexpressing Staphylococcus aureus 1199B as test strain for potentiating of the drug activity. Out of 24...... compounds evaluated, 12 compounds potentiated the activity of ciprofloxacin and resulted in 2-16 fold reduction in the MIC (4-0.5 microg/mL) of the drug. The failure of these efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) to potentiate the activity of ciprofloxacin when tested against NorA knock out S. aureus SA-K1758...

  19. Regulated functions and integrability

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ján Gunčaga

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Properties of functions defined on a bounded closed interval, weaker than continuity, have been considered by many mathematicians. Functions having both sides limits at each point are called regulated and were considered by J. Dieudonné [2], D. Fraňková [3] and others (see for example S. Banach [1], S. Saks [8]. The main class of functions we deal with consists of piece-wise constant ones. These functions play a fundamental role in the integration theory which had been developed by Igor Kluvanek (see Š. Tkacik [9]. We present an outline of this theory.

  20. Eesti koolid ei jaksa enam Microsoftilt tarkvara osta / Teele Tammeorg ; kommenteerinud Rain Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tammeorg, Teele

    2013-01-01

    Eesti koolide arvutid on nii vananenud, et ei saa kasutada uuemaid operatsioonisüsteeme, Windowsi operatsioonisüsteem ja MS Office'i kasutamine aga kallineb vähemalt kümme korda. Arvamust avaldab ka Tallinna ülikooli haridustehnoloogia keskuse juht Mart Laanpere

  1. Islam ja sõnavabadus - Euroopa lõhestajad / Jeroen Bult ; tõlkinud Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Bult, Jeroen, 1971-

    2008-01-01

    Autor võrdleb Taani karikatuuriskandaali tagajärgi Hollandis valminud islamiteemalise filmi "Fitna" põhjustatud pahameelega ja leiab, et mitte kõik Euroopa poliitikud ei ole veendunud sõnavabaduse kaitsmise vajaduses

  2. Energiasõltumatuse ohtlik fantaasia / A. F. Alhajji, Gavin Longmuir ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Alhajji, A. F.

    2007-01-01

    Autorid leiavad, et maailmas üha häälekamalt kõlav soov taotleda energiasõltumatust on absurdne, sest selle poole püüdlevate maade energeetiline julgeolek tegelikult väheneb. Kommenteerib energeetikaekspert Raivo Vare

  3. ANÁLISE DO RETORNO DOS INVESTIMENTOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS DAS EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Verônica Ines Fernandez Orellano

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available This paper investigates the correlation between firm’s financial and social/environmental performance for Brazilian companies from 2001 to 2007, based on two types of panel data econometric models, which aim to analyze correlation and causality. The fixed effects model was used to estimate correlation, while a panel data IV model was used to investigate causality. The results show a positive correlation between corporate social/environmental and financial performance, mainly in the case of internal social investment, which is strongly positively correlated with the variable return on assets (ROA. The causality analysis also showed that the internal social investment has a positive and significant effect on ROA. This result is in accordance with those obtained by Laan et al (2008, which indicate that disregarding the wishes of the primary stakeholders (employees, consumers and investors contributes negatively to performance measures

  4. Selection indicates preference in diverse habitats: a ground-nesting bird (Charadrius melodus) using reservoir shoreline.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Anteau, Michael J; Sherfy, Mark H; Wiltermuth, Mark T

    2012-01-01

    Animals use proximate cues to select resources that maximize individual fitness. When animals have a diverse array of available habitats, those selected could give insights into true habitat preferences. Since the construction of the Garrison Dam on the Missouri River in North Dakota, Lake Sakakawea (SAK) has become an important breeding area for federally threatened piping plovers (Charadrius melodus; hereafter plovers). We used conditional logistic regression to examine nest-site selection at fine scales (1, 3, and 10 m) during summers 2006-2009 by comparing characteristics at 351 nests to those of 668 random sites within nesting territories. Plovers selected sites (1 m(2)) that were lower than unused random sites, increasing the risk of nest inundation. Plovers selected nest sites that were flat, had little silt, and at least 1 cobble; they also selected for 3-m radius nest areas that were relatively flat and devoid of vegetation and litter. Ninety percent of nests had nest sites (11% median), but against in the area 10-m from the nest, suggesting plovers select for patches or strips of gravel. Although elevation is rarely evaluated in studies of ground-nesting birds, our results underscore its importance in habitat-selection studies. Relative to where plovers historically nested, habitat at SAK has more diverse topography, substrate composition, vegetation communities, and greater water-level fluctuations. Accordingly, our results provide an example of how habitat-selection results can be interpreted as habitat preferences because they are not influenced by desired habitats being scarce or absent. Further, our results will be useful for directing habitat conservation for plovers and interpreting other habitat-selection studies.

  5. Exponential Lower Bounds for the PPSZ k-SAT Algorithm

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Chen, Shiteng; Scheder, Dominik Alban; Talebanfard, Navid

    2013-01-01

    In 1998, Paturi, Pudl´ak, Saks, and Zane presented PPSZ, an elegant randomized algorithm for k-SAT. Fourteen years on, this algorithm is still the fastest known worst-case algorithm. They proved that its expected running time on k-CNF formulas with n variables is at most 2(1−k)n, where k 2 (1/k).......). So far, no exponential lower bounds at all have been known. In this paper, we construct hard instances for PPSZ. That is, we construct satisfiable k-CNF formulas over n variables on which the expected running time is at least 2(1−k)n, for k 2 O(log2 k/k)....

  6. Optimization of waste water discharge and waste water cleaning on the basis of measurements of the organic pollutant load; Optimierung von Abwasserableitung und Abwasserreinigung durch Messung der organischen Abwasserbelastung

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Haeck, M. [Dr. Bruno Lange GmbH Berlin, Duesseldorf (Germany)

    1999-07-01

    The spectral absorption coefficient (SAC) is a sum parameter for describing the organic pollutant load of waste water. It is based on a purely physical measuring technique and can be monitored continuously and directly in the medium by means of the described UV process probe. From this arise numerous opportunities for optimizing waste water discharge and cleaning. (orig.) [German] Der spektrale Absorptionskoeffizient (SAK) ist ein Summenparameter zur Beschreibung der organischen Abwasserbelastung. Er basiert auf einem rein physikalischen Messverfahren und kann mit der hier vorgestellten UV-Prozess-Sonde kontinuierlich und direkt im Medium erfasst werden. Daraus ergeben sich zahlreiche Moeglichkeiten zur Optimierung von Abwasserableitung und -reinigung. (orig.)

  7. Vastastikune sõltuvus : Euroopa Venemaa energialõa otsas / Fiona Hill ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Hill, Fiona

    2006-01-01

    Euroopa ja Venemaa energiakaubanduses valitsevast sõltuvusest. Riikide individuaalne haavatavus, Venemaa suhtlemine Euroopa ja teiste üleilmsete turgudega käib vaid nafta ja gaasi abil, mida võib nõrkuseks lugeda, Venemaa gaasimured. Euroopa strateegia peab püüdlema nafta- ja gaasiimpordi jätkuva geograafilise mitmekesistamise poole, et vähendada sõltuvust Venemaast ja Lähis-Idast. Diagrammid

  8. Euroopa tähendab ausat mängu / Bernard Bot ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Bot, Bernard

    2004-01-01

    Kui paljud eurooplased arvavad, et nad aitavad kaasa ausa mängu reeglite kehtestamisele ja püsimisele, siis Euroopa arvamust iseendast ei jaga sugugi alati teised, näiteks Venemaa, kes sageli suhtub skeptiliselt euroliidu kavatsustesse, ütleb EL-i praeguse eesistujamaa Hollandi välisminister

  9. USA peab senist kurssi jätkama / Colin L. Powell ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Powell, Colin L.

    2003-01-01

    USA riigisekretär Colin Powell kinnitab, et Ameerika Ühendriikidel tuleb Iraagis ja Afganistanis jätkata demokratiseerimispoliitikat. Artikkel on kirjutataud Colin Powelli 10. nov. City College of New Yorkis peetud kõne põhjal

  10. Asterless licenses daughter centrioles to duplicate for the first time in Drosophila embryos.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Novak, Zsofia A; Conduit, Paul T; Wainman, Alan; Raff, Jordan W

    2014-06-02

    Centrioles form centrosomes and cilia, and defects in any of these three organelles are associated with human disease [1]. Centrioles duplicate once per cell cycle, when a mother centriole assembles an adjacent daughter during S phase. Daughter centrioles cannot support the assembly of another daughter until they mature into mothers during the next cell cycle [2-5]. The molecular nature of this daughter-to-mother transition remains mysterious. Pioneering studies in C. elegans identified a set of core proteins essential for centriole duplication [6-12], and a similar set have now been identified in other species [10, 13-18]. The protein kinase ZYG-1/Sak/Plk4 recruits the inner centriole cartwheel components SAS-6 and SAS-5/Ana2/STIL, which then recruit SAS-4/CPAP, which in turn helps assemble the outer centriole microtubules [19, 20]. In flies and humans, the Asterless/Cep152 protein interacts with Sak/Plk4 and Sas-4/CPAP and is required for centriole duplication, although its precise role in the assembly pathway is unclear [21-24]. Here, we show that Asl is not incorporated into daughter centrioles as they assemble during S phase but is only incorporated once mother and daughter separate at the end of mitosis. The initial incorporation of Asterless (Asl) is irreversible, requires DSas-4, and, crucially, is essential for daughter centrioles to mature into mothers that can support centriole duplication. We therefore propose a "dual-licensing" model of centriole duplication, in which Asl incorporation provides a permanent primary license to allow new centrioles to duplicate for the first time, while centriole disengagement provides a reduplication license to allow mother centrioles to duplicate again. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  11. Methane and carbon dioxide exchange in a post-extraction, unrestored peatland in Eastern Quebec, Canada

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rankin, Tracy; Strachan, Ian; Strack, Maria

    2017-04-01

    Peatlands, in their pristine state, are important long-term sinks of carbon. The extraction of peat for agricultural purposes or for biofuel leads to a shift in the carbon dynamics. Changes in environmental conditions post extraction may also allow for invasive species to establish and spread across the peatland. Many studies have shown the benefits and advantages of various restoration management practices, but few studies have explored the carbon exchange from unrestored peatlands. Our study reports the methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes from a post-extraction, unrestored peatland in Eastern Québec at both the plant community scale using static chambers, and at the ecosystem scale using an eddy covariance flux tower, over two complete years. Extraction of the Saint-Alexandre-de-Kamouraska peatland (SAK) started in the early 1970's and was halted in 1999. No restoration efforts have been implemented and the remnant ditches remain unblocked. The site consists of sparse patches of Eriophorum and a vast area of bare peat. Consequently, SAK is an overall source of carbon to the atmosphere, releasing an annual total of 153 g C m-2 and 241 g C m-2 in CO2 emissions for 2014 and 2015, respectively, and an average annual total of 1 g C m-2yr-1 in CH4 emissions. Phragmites and Typha, both invasive species, have established themselves in the ditches and are sources of methane; partly explaining the increased emissions in carbon fluxes to the atmosphere post extraction. Results from this study will help managers assess the importance of post-extraction peatland restoration, by comparing the differences in CO2 and CH4 exchange between restored and unrestored peatlands.

  12. Selection indicates preference in diverse habitats: a ground-nesting bird (Charadrius melodus using reservoir shoreline.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michael J Anteau

    Full Text Available Animals use proximate cues to select resources that maximize individual fitness. When animals have a diverse array of available habitats, those selected could give insights into true habitat preferences. Since the construction of the Garrison Dam on the Missouri River in North Dakota, Lake Sakakawea (SAK has become an important breeding area for federally threatened piping plovers (Charadrius melodus; hereafter plovers. We used conditional logistic regression to examine nest-site selection at fine scales (1, 3, and 10 m during summers 2006-2009 by comparing characteristics at 351 nests to those of 668 random sites within nesting territories. Plovers selected sites (1 m(2 that were lower than unused random sites, increasing the risk of nest inundation. Plovers selected nest sites that were flat, had little silt, and at least 1 cobble; they also selected for 3-m radius nest areas that were relatively flat and devoid of vegetation and litter. Ninety percent of nests had <38% coverage of silt and <10% slope at the site, and <15% coverage of vegetation or litter and <31% slope within the 3-m radius. Gravel was selected for at nest sites (11% median, but against in the area 10-m from the nest, suggesting plovers select for patches or strips of gravel. Although elevation is rarely evaluated in studies of ground-nesting birds, our results underscore its importance in habitat-selection studies. Relative to where plovers historically nested, habitat at SAK has more diverse topography, substrate composition, vegetation communities, and greater water-level fluctuations. Accordingly, our results provide an example of how habitat-selection results can be interpreted as habitat preferences because they are not influenced by desired habitats being scarce or absent. Further, our results will be useful for directing habitat conservation for plovers and interpreting other habitat-selection studies.

  13. Alaska North Slope National Energy Strategy initiative: Analysis of five undeveloped fields

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Thomas, C.P.; Allaire, R.B.; Doughty, T.C.; Faulder, D.D.; Irving, J.S.; Jamison, H.C.; White, G.J.

    1993-05-01

    The US Department of Energy was directed in the National Energy Strategy to establish a federal interagency task force to identify specific technical and regulatory barriers to the development of five undeveloped North Slope Alaska fields and make recommendations for their resolution. The five fields are West Sak, Point Thomson, Gwydyr Bay, Seal Island/Northstar, and Sandpiper Island. Analysis of environmental, regulatory, technical, and economic information, and data relating to the development potential of the five fields leads to the following conclusions: Development of the five fields would result in an estimated total of 1,055 million barrels of oil and 4.4 trillion cubic feet of natural gas and total investment of $9.4 billion in 1992 dollars. It appears that all five of the fields will remain economically marginal developments unless there is significant improvement in world oil prices. Costs of regulatory compliance and mitigation, and costs to reduce or maintain environmental impacts at acceptable levels influence project investments and operating costs and must be considered in the development decision making process. The development of three of the fields (West Sak, Point Thomson, and Gwydyr Bay) that are marginally feasible would have an impact on North Slope production over the period from about 2000 to 2014 but cannot replace the decline in Prudhoe Bay Unit production or maintain the operation of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) beyond about 2014 with the assumption that the TAPS will shut down when production declines to the range of 400 to 200 thousand barrels of oil/day. Recoverable reserves left in the ground in the currently producing fields and soon to be developed fields, Niakuk and Point McIntyre, would range from 1 billion to 500 million barrels of oil corresponding to the time period of 2008 to 2014 based on the TAPS shutdown assumption

  14. Alaska North Slope National Energy Strategy initiative: Analysis of five undeveloped fields

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Thomas, C.P.; Allaire, R.B.; Doughty, T.C.; Faulder, D.D.; Irving, J.S.; Jamison, H.C.; White, G.J.

    1993-05-01

    The US Department of Energy was directed in the National Energy Strategy to establish a federal interagency task force to identify specific technical and regulatory barriers to the development of five undeveloped North Slope Alaska fields and make recommendations for their resolution. The five fields are West Sak, Point Thomson, Gwydyr Bay, Seal Island/Northstar, and Sandpiper Island. Analysis of environmental, regulatory, technical, and economic information, and data relating to the development potential of the five fields leads to the following conclusions: Development of the five fields would result in an estimated total of 1,055 million barrels of oil and 4.4 trillion cubic feet of natural gas and total investment of $9.4 billion in 1992 dollars. It appears that all five of the fields will remain economically marginal developments unless there is significant improvement in world oil prices. Costs of regulatory compliance and mitigation, and costs to reduce or maintain environmental impacts at acceptable levels influence project investments and operating costs and must be considered in the development decision making process. The development of three of the fields (West Sak, Point Thomson, and Gwydyr Bay) that are marginally feasible would have an impact on North Slope production over the period from about 2000 to 2014 but cannot replace the decline in Prudhoe Bay Unit production or maintain the operation of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) beyond about 2014 with the assumption that the TAPS will shut down when production declines to the range of 400 to 200 thousand barrels of oil/day. Recoverable reserves left in the ground in the currently producing fields and soon to be developed fields, Niakuk and Point McIntyre, would range from 1 billion to 500 million barrels of oil corresponding to the time period of 2008 to 2014 based on the TAPS shutdown assumption.

  15. El léxico cromático y la ideología maya Chromatic lexic and Maya ideology

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sanja Savkic

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Para acercarse al campo semántico de los colores, de primera importancia son diversos diccionarios de las lenguas mayances. El objetivo es hacer una descripción preliminar del vocabulario cromático, compuesto de cinco términos referidos a colores básicos que en el maya yucateco se llaman sak, ek', chak, k'an y ya'ax y significan "blanco", "negro", "rojo", "amarillo" y "verde-azul", respectivamente. El mismo vocabulario remite a determinadas categorías extralingüísticas que la lengua es capaz de acumular, reflejar y comunicar. Éstas dependen de una cultura particular, por lo que el estudio se amplía con las informaciones de diferentes fuentes escritas redactadas durante la época colonial. La intención es detectar los múltiples usos que se hacían en todos los ámbitos de la vida de los colores, lo cual a su vez permite considerar estos últimos como conceptualizaciones articuladas en pares de oposición o agrupamientos tripartitos.To gain greater insight into the color semantic field, it is important to consult various Mayance language dictionaries, in order to assemble a preliminary chromatic vocabulary, composed of five basic color terms which in Yucatec Maya are sak, ek', chak, k'an and ya'ax, or "white", "black", "red", "yellow" and "green-blue", respectively. The very vocabulary addresses certain extra-linguistic categories that language is capable of accumulating, reflecting, and communicating. These categories depend on a particular culture; consequently this study is amplified with greater information from different sources written during the colonial period in order to shed light on the many uses that the colors had in the aspects of human life which, at the same time, can be seen in conceptualizations articulated in pairs of opposition or tripartite groupings.

  16. Numerical simulation of strong evaporation and condensation for plasma-facing materials

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kunugi, T.; Yasuda, H.

    1994-01-01

    The thermal response of the divertor plate to the hard plasma disruptions had been analyzed numerically by the two dimensional transient heat transfer code. There are several studies of the vapor shielding effects on the thermal response to the plasma disruption. However, it was pointed out some discrepancies among the numerical results calculated by U.S., EC and Japan for the same disruption conditions by van der Laan. One of the authors studied the sensitivity of some parameters (i.e., the temperature dependency of the thermal properties, an evaporation coefficient and a saturated condensation ratio) of disruption erosion analysis. Though the authors expected that the variations in evaporation models lead to the large variety of the erosion, they gave no significant effects on the surface temperature, the evaporation and melt-layer thickness. In this paper, the authors will describe the development of the numerical simulation codes for the strong evaporation and condensation from the plasma facing materials (PFMs) such as carbon, tungsten and beryllium

  17. Francis Fukuyama : edukas lõimumine toetub omakasule, mitte kultuurile / Francis Fukuyama ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Fukuyama, Francis

    2007-01-01

    Autor arutleb Huntingtoni tsivilisatsioonide kokkupõrke teooria üle ja väidab, et identiteetide konflikti aitavad ületada institutsioonidele ja reeglitele rajanev rahvusvaheline kord. Vt. samas: F. Fukuyama lühielulugu

  18. Plejaadid jõuavad taevasse : transatlantilisus ja laienemine itta / Toomas Hendrik Ilves ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ilves, Toomas Hendrik, 1953-

    2006-01-01

    Erinevad arusaamad ajaloost lääne- ja idaeurooplaste suhete mõjutajana. Euroopa Liidu vanade ja uute liikmesriikide suhtumisest transatlantilistesse suhetesse. Vene keeles ilmunud ajakirjas: Rossija v globalnoi politike 15. nov. 2006, nr. 6

  19. Tee Kilkennysse läheb läbi... Liivalaia / William Elliott ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Elliott, William

    2005-01-01

    Suurbritannia diplomaat rõhutab vajadust tunda hästi olukorda selles riigis, mida hakatakse rajama või taas üles ehitama. Ta esitab kolm teesi, mida peaks silmas pidama riigi taasülesehitusel. Nn. riskiriikidega diplomaatiliste sidemete säilitamise tähtsusest. Lisa: Rumalaid diplomaatilistest suhetest loobumisi

  20. Toites neid, kes hammustavad toitja kätt / Jean MacKenzie ; tõlk. Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    MacKenzie, Jean

    2005-01-01

    Sõja ja rahu kajastamise instituudi Afganistani esinduse direktor räägib oma kogemustest välisabi andmisel riikide meediasektori edendamiseks, Afganistani ajakirjanike koolitusest. Vt. samas: II humanitaarkohalolek

  1. Genel Anestezi Altında Çocukta Diş Tedavisi

    OpenAIRE

    Gülhan, A.; Sandallı, N.

    2013-01-01

    ÖZETBu makalede çocuklarda genel anestezi altında diş tedavisinin koşulları anlatıldı ve normal tedavi koşulları sağlanamadığı takdirde, genel anesteziye başvurmanın yararlarına ve sakıncalarına değinildi. Genel anestezi indikasyonları sıralanarak, bunlar arasında en sık rastladığımız «Güç çocuklarım" genci anesteziye başvurmadan Önce hangi yollara başvurularak normal tedavinin deneneceğinden bahsedildi.Bir hastane ortamında genel anestezi altında çalışmaya karar verildikten sonra, bir a...

  2. Ekolojik yüzey işlemlerinin ısırgan ipliğinin fiziksel ve morfolojik özelliklerine etkisinin araştırılması

    OpenAIRE

    Şansal, Seda

    2017-01-01

    Rami, kenaf ve jüt gibi bir sak lifi olan ısırgan lifinin ilk kullanımı çok eskilere dayanmaktadır. Yenilenebilir ve doğal kaynaklı olan ısırgan otu bitkisinin az girdi ile üretilmesi, bu bitkiyi ekolojik açıdan avantajlı hale getirirken, ısırgan otu bitkisinden elde edilen liflerinde çevre dostu lifler arasındaki yerini almasını sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada ekolojik yüzey işlemlerinin ısırgan ipliği üzerindeki etkisi asidik ve bazik ortamda araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda Giant Himalayan Nettle ...

  3. KINETICS OF SLURRY PHASE FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS. FOURTH ANNUAL TECHNICAL PROGRESS REPORT

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bukur, Dragomir B.; Froment, Gilbert F.; Olewski, Tomasz

    2006-01-01

    This report covers the fourth year of a research project conducted under the University Coal Research Program. The overall objective of this project is to develop a comprehensive kinetic model for slurry-phase Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) employing iron-based catalysts. This model will be validated with experimental data obtained in a stirred-tank slurry reactor (STSR) over a wide range of process conditions. The model will be able to predict molar flow rates and concentrations of all reactants and major product species (water, carbon dioxide, linear 1- and 2-olefins, and linear paraffins) as a function of reaction conditions in the STSR. During the fourth year of the project, an analysis of experimental data collected during the second year of this project was performed. Kinetic parameters were estimated utilizing product distributions from 27 mass balances. During the reporting period two kinetic models were employed: a comprehensive kinetic model of Dr. Li and co-workers (Yang et al., 2003) and a hydrocarbon selectivity model of Van der Laan and Beenackers (1998, 1999) The kinetic model of Yang et al. (2003) has 24 parameters (20 parameters for hydrocarbon formation, and 4 parameters for the water-gas-shift (WGS) reaction). Kinetic parameters for the WGS reaction and FTS synthesis were estimated first separately, and then simultaneously. The estimation of these kinetic parameters employed the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) method and the trust-region reflective Newton large-scale (LS) method. A genetic algorithm (GA) was incorporated into estimation of parameters for FTS reaction to provide initial estimates of model parameters. All reaction rate constants and activation energies were found to be positive, but at the 95% confidence level the intervals were large. Agreement between predicted and experimental reaction rates has been fair to good. Light hydrocarbons are predicted fairly accurately, whereas the model underpredicts values of higher molecular weight

  4. Onu Miltie mälestuseks ehk Mis seob New Orleansi ja Keilat? / Katrin Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Katrin, 1956-

    2008-01-01

    16. novembril sai kaks aastat liberaalse majanduse guru Milton Friedmani surmast. Friedmani šokidoktriinist, katastroofikapitalismist ja pimedast usust erakapitali, ajal, mil Keila linnaisad olid otsustanud, et haridust hakkab munitsipaalkooli asemel edendama sihtasutus

  5. Toward a model of employee engagement in a public service organization

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielsen, Mette Strange

    Employee engagement has long been capturing the attention of researchers and practitioners, (e.g. Bakker, Albrecht, & Leiter, 2011; Buckingham & Coffman, 1999) due to its positive impact on various measures of organizational performance (Gruman & Saks, 2011; Harter, Schmidt, & Hayes, 2002; Mone...... & London, 2010). To date, however, employee engagement has primarily been studied in private manufacturing firms leaving out a gap of research in a public service organization, such as eldercare organizations, although engagement according to Boselie (2010) is highly relevant in the specific context....... The purpose of the PhD project is to build a model explaining employee engagement in a public service organization. Research on work design theory (e.g. Hackman & Oldham, 1976) will be used, since it has often been applied to identify antecedents associated with engagement (Bakker & Demerouti, 2007; Kahn...

  6. Kognitiivsete ja metakognitiivsete õpistrateegiate toetamine tehnoloogiaga tõhustatud keeleõppes / Katrin Saks, Äli Leijen

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Saks, Katrin, 1968-

    2015-01-01

    Tehnoloogiliste vahenditega tõhustatud võõrkeelekursuse raames välja töötatud sekkumisest, mis võimaldab õpetajal parimal moel toetada õppijate kognitiivseid ja metakognitiivseid keele- õppestrateegiaid

  7. Genetic analisys of a cross of gaillon (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra with cauliflower (B.oleracea var. botrytis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vanessa B.M.G. Spini

    2000-03-01

    Full Text Available The cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis is an annual vegetable cultivated in Southern and Southwestern Brazil with limited production in the Northeast and Centralwest. A variety of Chinese kale, "kaai laan" or "gaillon" (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra, produces seeds at high temperatures and therefore can do so in North and Northeastern Brazil. Gaillon and cauliflower were crossed 55 times using 10 gaillon plants as mothers and 4 cauliflower plants as pollen donors. From these crosses, in the F2 generation, 612 plants with inflorescence like gaillon and 48 plants with inflorescence like cauliflower were obtained, in a proportion similar to 15:1, implying that 2 pairs of genes entered into formation of the cauliflower inflorescence type. In order to study flower color, 339 plants were analyzed: 274 presented white flowers and 65, yellow flowers, denoting that this caracter is determined by 1 pair of genes, white being dominant over yellow; white flowers had a slighly higher adaptive value in our population. The characteristic waxy leaf showed a proportion of 3 waxy plants for 1 not waxy, indicating the action of one pair of genes.A couve-flor (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis é um vegetal anual e tem seu cultivo no Brasil limitado às regiões Sul e Sudeste, com pequena produção no Nordeste e Centro-Oeste. Uma variedade de couve da China, "kaai laan" ou "gaillon" (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra, produz sementes em altas temperaturas e, portanto, é apta a produzir sementes no Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Gaillon e couve-flor foram cruzados. Foram feitos 55 cruzamentos usando 10 plantas de gaillon como mãe e 4 plantas de couve-flor como doadores de pólen. Desses cruzamentos, na geração F2, 612 plantas com inflorescência tipo gaillon e 48 plantas com inflorescência tipo couve-flor foram obtidas, em proporção similar a 15:1, demonstrando que 2 pares de genes estão envolvidos na formação da inflorescência em couve

  8. Orlicz difference sequence spaces generated by infinite matrices and de la Vallée-Poussin mean of order α

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bipan Hazarika

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available In this paper we introduce the spaces V^λ[A,M,Δ,p]o,V^λ[A,M,Δ,p] and V^λ[A,M,Δ,p]∞ generated by infinite matrices defined by Orlicz functions. Also we introduce the concept of S^λ[A,Δ]−convergence and derive some results between the spaces S^λ[A,Δ] and V^λ[A,Δ]. Further, we study some geometrical properties such as order continuity, the Fatou property and the Banach–Saks property of the new space V^λα[A,Δ,p]∞. Finally, we introduce the notion of almost λ-statistically-[A, Δ]-convergence of order α or S^λα[A,Δ]−convergence and obtain some inclusion relations between the set S^λα[A,Δ] and the space V^λα[A,Δ,p]∞.

  9. 3- ja 4-aastaste laste intellektuaalne areng erinevates kasvukeskkondades / Merit Laane, Kristina Nugin, Ingrid Tuisk, Marika Veisson

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2001-01-01

    Uuringust, mille eesmärgiks oli selgitada, milline on 3- ja 4-aastaste laste intellektuaalne areng erinevates kasvukeskkondades. Uuringus osalesid longituuduurimuses osalenud lapsed, tavarühma lapsed ja Hea Alguse rühma lapsed

  10. Klp10A modulates the localization of centriole-associated proteins during Drosophila male gametogenesis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gottardo, Marco; Callaini, Giuliano; Riparbelli, Maria Giovanna

    2016-12-16

    Mutations in Klp10A, a microtubule-depolymerising Kinesin-13, lead to overly long centrioles in Drosophila male germ cells. We demonstrated that the loss of Klp10A modifies the distribution of typical proteins involved in centriole assembly and function. In the absence of Klp10A the distribution of Drosophila pericentrin-like protein (Dplp), Sas-4 and Sak/Plk4 that are restricted in control testes to the proximal end of the centriole increase along the centriole length. Remarkably, the cartwheel is lacking or it appears abnormal in mutant centrioles, suggesting that this structure may spatially delimit protein localization. Moreover, the parent centrioles that in control cells have the same dimensions grow at different rates in mutant testes with the mother centrioles longer than the daughters. Daughter centrioles have often an ectopic position with respect to the proximal end of the mothers and failed to recruit Dplp.

  11. Projekts Sporta kluba izveidošanai

    OpenAIRE

    Andrejevs, Jurijs

    2010-01-01

    Maģistra darba temats ir „PROJEKTS SPORTA KLUBA „URBAN GYM” IZVEIDOŠANA.” Uzņēmējdarbības vide Latvijā pēdējos gados sākusi stipri vien mainīties. No vienas puses, tā lēnām kļūst sakārtotāka, no otras puses, iezīmējas arvien lielāks konkurences pieaugums. Tirgus tiek piesātināts, un aizvien grūtāk kļūst darboties, nedomājot par konkurenci, darbības aktivitāti un rentabilitāti. Vadītājiem un īpašniekiem nemitīgi jādomā, ar ko uzņēmums īsti pelna naudu, kā varētu pelnīt vairāk. Bet neskatoti...

  12. Searching for Novel Inhibitors of the S. aureus NorA Efflux Pump: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of the 3-Phenyl-1,4-benzothiazine Analogues.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Felicetti, Tommaso; Cannalire, Rolando; Burali, Maria Sole; Massari, Serena; Manfroni, Giuseppe; Barreca, Maria Letizia; Tabarrini, Oriana; Schindler, Bryan D; Sabatini, Stefano; Kaatz, Glenn W; Cecchetti, Violetta

    2017-08-22

    Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents has become an increasingly serious health problem in recent years. Among the strategies by which resistance can be achieved, overexpression of efflux pumps such as NorA of Staphylococcus aureus leads to a sub-lethal concentration of the antibacterial agent at the active site that in turn may predispose the organism to the development of high-level target-based resistance. With an aim to improve both the chemical stability and potency of our previously reported 3-phenyl-1,4-benzothiazine NorA inhibitors, we replaced the benzothiazine core with different nuclei. None of the new synthesized compounds showed any appreciable intrinsic antibacterial activity, and, in particular, 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)quinoline (6 c) was able to decrease, in a concentration-dependent manner, the ciprofloxacin MIC against the norA-overexpressing strains S. aureus SA-K2378 (norA++) and SA-1199B (norA+/A116E GrlA). © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  13. From phenothiazine to 3-phenyl-1,4-benzothiazine derivatives as inhibitors of the Staphylococcus aureus NorA multidrug efflux pump.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sabatini, Stefano; Kaatz, Glenn W; Rossolini, Gian Maria; Brandini, David; Fravolini, Arnaldo

    2008-07-24

    Overexpression of efflux pumps is an important mechanism by which bacteria evade effects of substrate antimicrobial agents and inhibition of such pumps is a promising strategy to circumvent this resistance mechanism. NorA is a Staphylococcus aureus multidrug efflux pump, the activity of which confers decreased susceptibility to many structurally unrelated agents, including fluoroquinolones, resulting in a multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotype. In this work, a series of 1,4-benzothiazine derivatives were designed and synthesized as a minimized structural template of phenothiazine MDR efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) in an effort to identify more potent S. aureus NorA EPIs. Almost all derivatives evaluated showed good activity in combination with ciprofloxacin against S. aureus ATCC 25923; some were capable of completely restoring ciprofloxacin activity in a norA-overexpressing strain (SA-K2378). Compounds 6k and 7j displayed good activity against SA-1199B, a strain that also overexpresses norA, in an ethidium bromide (EtBr) efflux inhibition assay.

  14. Evolution from a natural flavones nucleus to obtain 2-(4-Propoxyphenyl)quinoline derivatives as potent inhibitors of the S. aureus NorA efflux pump.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sabatini, Stefano; Gosetto, Francesca; Manfroni, Giuseppe; Tabarrini, Oriana; Kaatz, Glenn W; Patel, Diixa; Cecchetti, Violetta

    2011-08-25

    Overexpression of efflux pumps is an important mechanism by which bacteria evade the effects of substrate antimicrobial agents. Inhibition of such pumps is a promising strategy to circumvent this resistance mechanism. NorA is a Staphylococcus aureus efflux pump that confers reduced susceptibility to many structurally unrelated agents, including fluoroquinolones, resulting in a multidrug resistant phenotype. In this work, a series of 2-phenyl-4(1H)-quinolone and 2-phenyl-4-hydroxyquinoline derivatives, obtained by modifying the flavone nucleus of known efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs), were synthesized in an effort to identify more potent S. aureus NorA EPIs. The 2-phenyl-4-hydroxyquinoline derivatives 28f and 29f display potent EPI activity against SA-1199B, a strain that overexpresses norA, in an ethidium bromide efflux inhibition assay. The same compounds, in combination with ciprofloxacin, were able to completely restore its antibacterial activity against both S. aureus SA-K2378 and SA-1199B, norA-overexpressing strains. © 2011 American Chemical Society

  15. Re-evolution of the 2-phenylquinolines: ligand-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a potent new class of Staphylococcus aureus NorA efflux pump inhibitors to combat antimicrobial resistance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sabatini, Stefano; Gosetto, Francesca; Iraci, Nunzio; Barreca, Maria Letizia; Massari, Serena; Sancineto, Luca; Manfroni, Giuseppe; Tabarrini, Oriana; Dimovska, Mirjana; Kaatz, Glenn W; Cecchetti, Violetta

    2013-06-27

    Overexpression of efflux pumps is an important mechanism by which bacteria evade the effects of antimicrobial agents that are substrates. NorA is a Staphylococcus aureus efflux pump that confers reduced susceptibility to many structurally unrelated agents, including fluoroquinolones, biocides, and dyes, resulting in a multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotype. In this work, a series of 2-phenylquinoline derivatives was designed by means of ligand-based pharmacophore modeling in an attempt to identify improved S. aureus NorA efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs). Most of the 2-phenylquinoline derivatives displayed potent EPI activity against the norA overexpressing strain SA-1199B. The antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin, when used in combination with some of the synthesized compounds, was completely restored in SA-1199B and SA-K2378, a strain overexpressing norA from a multicopy plasmid. Compounds 3m and 3q also showed potent synergistic activity with the ethidium bromide dye in a strain overexpressing the MepA MDR efflux pump.

  16. Editorial

    CERN Multimedia

    Staff Association

    2012-01-01

    For its fiftieth anniversary the Kindergarten and School run by the Staff Association   is in better shape than ever. The CERN site has resounded for 50 years with the joyful shouts of the children there. It is indeed in this joyful and multicultural atmosphere than many generations of children of CERN staff have followed one another all those years. Operating on one of the most beautiful sites of CERN and supervised by competent and creative professionals, the children learn through play, the basics needed for their integration into society and entry into academic learning. Active learning is the heart of the action.  Children take in knowledge as they develop and are exposed to multiple experiences. The activities proposed in the SAKS are based on a global approach to development as well as on values such as self-respect, respect towards others, the environment, autonomy, sharing, cooperation, communication and creativity. In the large, specially designed garden surrounding...

  17. Üst havayolları için mür tentürü, nane yağı ve mentol kombinasyonu içeren bir pastil

    OpenAIRE

    Öktemer, Tuğba; İpçi, Kağan; Bayar Muluk, Nuray; Cingi, Cemal

    2016-01-01

    Mür ve boraks içerek tentürler gargara solüsyonu olarak kullanılmaktadır. Mür sakızı, sindirim güçlüğü, ülserler, soğuk algınlığı, öksürük, astım, akciğer konjesyonu, artrit ağrısı ve kanser için de kullanılır. Mür, ağrıya tabi tutulan farelerde, ağrı kesici etkiler göstermiştir. Antiseptik olarak ağız ve boğaz inşamatuar lezyonlarında kullanılır. Boğaz ve ağzın iltihaplı lezyonlara uygulanır ve antispazmodik olarak kanser ve enfeksiyon hastalıklarının tedavisi için kullanılır. Bu yazıda mür ...

  18. Tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap Perkawinan Beda Kelas Muslim Sasak di Lombok

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Basriadi Basriadi

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available This article attempts to examine in depth, based on the theory of kafâ‘ah, different class marriages in the Sasak Muslim community, Lombok. The study concludes that on one hand, the different class marriages between noblewomen and non-noblemen do not have an impact on the purpose of marriage which is to create sakînah, mawaddah, and rahmah household. On the other hand, the marriage that is based on Islamic values is able to realize a happy and harmonious household regardless of social status background. The most important thing in domestic life is communication and trust between husbands and wives. In fiqh munâkah}ât, it is required when someone is looking for a spouse, something that needs to be seen is lineage, beauty, wealth and religion. This article would like to emphasize that there is no prohibition in Islam to marry people of different social class.

  19. PEMANFAATAN NERACA SEBAGAI PENERAPAN FUNGSI PENGELOLAAN PERMODALAN UMKM (HASIL PEMIKIRAN KONSEPTUAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lufthia Sevriana

    2016-10-01

      Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menjadi salah satu kontribusi bagi Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah karena kepedulian penulis pada kondisi UMKM dalam mengembangkan bisnisnya. Karakteristik dari permasalahan mereka sangat klasik. Kebanyakan UMKM masih tidak mampi mengelola modal mereka, mengambil manfaat dari teknologi untuk bisnis mereka, untuk memperluas jaringan pemasaran produknya, dan lain sebagainya. Akan tetapi, modal sebagai kebutuhan mendasar dari operasional bisnis mereka, membutuhkan perlakuan khusus. Dari kajian pustaka, penulis menemukan bahwa meskipun UMKM mengetahui manfaat dari penyusunan laporan keuangan, kebanyakan dari mereka tidak memiliki kemauan untuk menyusun laporan keuangan dengan komitmen yang kuat. Meskipun kita telah memasuki era MEA, kompetensi dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan tidak tedistribusi dengan rata diantara negara-negara Asean. Untuk itu, UMKM membutuhkan dukungan dari pemerintah, perusahaan dan juga akademisi untuk melatih pengusaha UMKM, dan juga untuk membimbing mereka dalam meningkatkan kompetensi dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan berdasarkan tahapan yan sudah mereka terapkan.   Kata Kunci: UMKM, Laporan Keuangan, SAK ETAP

  20. The Prevalence of Only-Child Status Among Children and Adolescents Referred to a Gender Identity Service Versus a Clinical Comparison Group.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hughes, S Kathleen; VanderLaan, Doug P; Blanchard, Ray; Wood, Hayley; Wasserman, Lori; Zucker, Kenneth J

    2017-08-18

    Several studies indicate that homosexual males have a high proportion of older brothers compared to heterosexual males. Natal males with gender dysphoria who are likely to be homosexual also display this sibship pattern. Until recently, there was little evidence linking homosexuality and/or gender dysphoria in females to unique sibship characteristics. Two studies have indicated that natal female youth clinically referred for gender dysphoria are more likely to be only children (Schagen, Delemarre-van de Waal, Blanchard, & Cohen-Kettenis, 2012; VanderLaan, Blanchard, Wood, & Zucker, 2014). However, these studies did not include control groups of youth clinically referred for other reasons. Thus, it is unclear whether the increased likelihood of only-child status is specific to gender-referred natal females. This study compared only-child status among youth referred to a mental health service for gender dysphoria (778 males, 245 females) versus other reasons (783 males, 281 females). Prehomosexual gender-referred males were less likely to be only children than clinical controls. Contrary to previous findings, gender-referred females were not more likely to be only children, indicating that increased likelihood of only-child status is not specific to gender-referred females, but is characteristic of clinic-referred females more generally.

  1. Ex uno plures´est e pluribus unum´ini? / Rein Müllerson ; inglise keelest tõlkinud Marek Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Müllerson, Rein, 1944-

    2010-01-01

    Õigusteadlane Rein Müllerson ühiskondliku mitmekesisuse ja homogeensuse arengutest, dissimilatsiooni asendumisest assimilatsiooniga, Ida ja Lääne ühiskondade ühildumisest üleilmastumise protsessis

  2. Transformation of Estonia's industrial structure : Continued de-industrialisation or interlude in re-industrialisation? / Garri Raagmaa, Mihkel Laan, Antti Raamat

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Raagmaa, Garri, 1966-

    2003-01-01

    Autorid analüüsivad Eesti tööstuse senisele arengule tuginedes võimalikke arengusuundi tulevikus. Tabelid ja diagramm. Vt. samas: Competitiveness of the Baltic states has improved; Skanska leaves Latvia and Lithuania but not from Estonia

  3. Üldine kaubandus (toidukaupade turg) : toidukaupade väliskaubanduse bilanss [2003-2004] / Õrne Pill, Liia Laanes, Ene Maadvere

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Pill, Õrne

    2005-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Agriculture and the development of rural life : overview 2004/2005. - Tallinn, 2005, lk. 55-65. Põllumajandussaaduste ekspordimaht kasvas eelmise aasta sama perioodiga võrreldes 5,1% ning impordimaht vähenes 1,8%, kaubandusbilansi negatiivne saldo moodustas 4507,7 mln krooni. Diagrammid

  4. A key centriole assembly interaction interface between human PLK4 and STIL appears to not be conserved in flies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Matthew A. Cottee

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available A small number of proteins form a conserved pathway of centriole duplication. In humans and flies, the binding of PLK4/Sak to STIL/Ana2 initiates daughter centriole assembly. In humans, this interaction is mediated by an interaction between the Polo-Box-3 (PB3 domain of PLK4 and the coiled-coil domain of STIL (HsCCD. We showed previously that the Drosophila Ana2 coiled-coil domain (DmCCD is essential for centriole assembly, but it forms a tight parallel tetramer in vitro that likely precludes an interaction with PB3. Here, we show that the isolated HsCCD and HsPB3 domains form a mixture of homo-multimers in vitro, but these readily dissociate when mixed to form the previously described 1:1 HsCCD:HsPB3 complex. In contrast, although Drosophila PB3 (DmPB3 adopts a canonical polo-box fold, it does not detectably interact with DmCCD in vitro. Thus, surprisingly, a key centriole assembly interaction interface appears to differ between humans and flies.

  5. Damlatma ve Yayma Kültürel Sayım Yöntemlerinin Kıyaslanması Üzerine bir Araştırma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. Kadir Halkman

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada 6 adet saf laktik asit bakterisinde yayma, damlatma ve en muhtemel sayı yöntemleri ile, 7 adet kaşar peyniri örneğinde yayma ve damlatma yöntemleri ile toplam streptokok, toplam laktobasil, toplam mesofil aerob, maya-küf ve basil sayılmıştır. Saf laktik asit bakterilerinin sayımında EMS yöntemi katı besiyerinde yapılan sayımlara göre çok farklı değerler vermiştir. Laktik asit bakterilerinin sayımında ve kaşar peynirlerinde yapılan mikroorganizma sayımlarında damlatma ve yayma yöntemleri arasında yüksek benzerlik bulunmuştur. Maliyet unsuru dikkate alınarak rutin testlerde damlatma yönteminin yayma yöntemi yerini alması önerilebilir. Bununla beraber damlatma yöntemindeki sakıncaların gözönüne alınması gerekir.

  6. Regular Dental Visits: Influence on Health-Related Quality of Life in 1,607 Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Simon Spalthoff

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Background. The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC is in the top 10 of all cancer entities. Regular oral examinations by dentists play an important role in oral cancer prevention. Methods. Patients with OSCC (n=1,607 and physicians (n=1,489 completed questionnaires during the DÖSAK Rehab Study. The psychosocial and functional factors collected in these questionnaires were assessed in the present study. We compared patients who visited their dentist at least once a year (group A with those who visited their dentist less than once a year (group B. Results. Patients in group A had significantly better health-related quality of life after tumor treatment than patients in group B. Patients in group A also had a smaller tumor size and less lymph node metastasis and lost fewer teeth during the treatment. This resulted in better prosthetic rehabilitation and better psychological status after tumor treatment. Conclusions. Dentists play an important role in the early recognition of oral cancer. This study should encourage dentists to take a more active role in oral cancer prevention.

  7. Navigating a Precarious Balance: The Noel Garovillo Dance Center's Contemporary Dance as a Commitment to the Community

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ruth Jordana Luna Pison

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available If it is difficult to picture a ballet school located in Koronadal, South Cotabato, then perhaps it will even take more than a stretch of the imagination to conceive of how contemporary dance survives in Southern Philippines. The story behind the KAHAYAG Community Dance and Theater Company, later reorganized and renamed as the Noel Garrovillo Dance Center, is a narrative of how, notwithstanding the obstacles faced by dance in the regions, sheer conviction and commitment could keep the art form alive. It is also a story of how a dance director and his company had to resolve their contradictions as Christian artist settlers in Mindanao. This paper discusses how contemporary dance as a flexible and dynamic dance form has allowed them to create pieces that they could consider their “own.” From their initial works that borrowed movements from the T’bolis and B’laans, to their current choreographies based on their realities as settlers in Koronadal, Garrovillo’s company has continuously worked to make dance part of the local government’s agenda on cultural and the arts. As cultural brokers, they are faced with both choreographic and intellectual imperatives. Garrovillo believes that there is a need to strengthen the country’s creative industry so that choreographers will have opportunities to create works which are crucial to the life of the nation.

  8. Esileedi Evelin Ilves läheb Kaleviga kommisõtta / Priit Pullerits ; kommenteerinud Monika Heinrand

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Pullerits, Priit, 1965-

    2009-01-01

    Liikuvat eluviisi ja tervislikku toitumist propageeriv proua Evelin Ilves on otsustanud alustada võitlust transrasvhappeid sisaldavate toiduainete vastu. Proua E. Ilves koostas nimekirja maiustustetootja Kalevi kommidest, mis märgistuse järgi sisaldavad transrasvu. Arvamust avaldavad Kalevi turundus- ja müügidirektor Monika Heinrand, kirjanik Andrus Kivirähk, koduperenaine Kadi Tarand, Tallinna Tehnikaülikooli toiduainete instituudi direktor professor Raivo Vokk. Vastukajad artiklile vt. Postimees 30. sept. 2009, lk. 15: Petrone, Epp. Poes tuleb tähelepanelik olla; Tuiksoo, Ester. Hoidkem Eesti toitu ja toiduainetetööstust; Õhtuleht 3. okt. 2009, lk. 7: Kerge, Rainer. Mahetomat tapab!; Eesti Päevaleht 5. okt. 2009, lk. 2: Teemägi, Tiina. Aasta turundustegu; Pehme, Sirli. Transrasvu tuleb vältida; Õhtuleht 5. okt. 2009, lk. 8: Kummardus Evelinile!; Rulluisud ja transrasvad; Terviseleht 6. okt. 2009, lk. 2: Laane, Aleksander. Solaariumid ja transrasvad; Postimees 13. okt. 2009, lk. 12-13: Strider, Roy. Kellele on transrasvad kasulikud?; Kambek, Liis. Transrasvhapped on üleilmne probleem; Postimees 17. okt. 2009, lk. 14: Kuusk, Hendrik. Toidupoes ei müüda mürgikokteile; Õhtuleht 24. okt. 2009, lk. 9: Levin, Adik. Igaühel on õigus toituda tervislikult; Eesti Päevaleht 27. okt. 2009, lk. 3: Trisberg, Aet. Luubiga poodi; Postimees : AK 5. dets. 2009, lk. 12 karikatuur transrasvade teemal

  9. TASAWUF SEBAGAI SOLUSI BAGI PROBLEMATIKA KEMODERNAN: Studi Pemikiran Tasawuf M. Amin Syukur

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Umar Faruq Thohir

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Abstract: This article aims to elaborate Sufism thought of Amin Syukur. Hepositioned Sufismas one of the solutions to the problems of modernity who have lost the vision of divinity that result in psychological symptoms, namely spiritual emptiness. Then, the people would become stress and worry wart because of their hopless feeling. For this reason, M. Amin Syukur endorsed the problems of modernity with always optimistic, positive thinking, resting every intention and good deeds only to worship God and sharing (solidarity for fellow creatures of God. In addition, he recommends to remember (al-żikr to Godhowever, whenever, and wherever. Remembering God can calm the soul (sakīna and mind that will affect the nerve, the nerve will affect the glands, the glands will produce healthy liquid. Healthy liquid which is a calm soul effect which will make man have the "immune power" against all diseases. In medical the termis called psycho-neuroen docrine immunology. Furthermore, according to Amin Syukur, problems of modernity can besolved by Sufism through methods like ma'rifa Allāh obtained via stairs of ma'rifa al-nafs, ma'rifa al-nās, and ma'rifa al-kawn. Abstrak: Artikel bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi pemikiran tasawuf Amin Syukur. Ia memposisikan tasawuf sebagai salah satu solusi terhadap problematika kemodernan ini yang sudah kehilangan visi keilahian yang mengakibatkan timbulnya gejala psikologis, yaitu adanya kehampaan spiritual. Akibatnya, orang akan menjadi stres dan gelisah karena merasa tidak mempunyai pegangan hidup. Untuk alasan ini, Untuk alasan ini, M. Amin Syukur mengarahkan penyelesaian problematika kemodernan ini dengan selalu optimis, berpikir positif, menyandarkan setiap niat dan perbuatan baik hanya untuk ibadah kepada Allah dan berbagi (solidaritas untuk sesama makhluk ciptaan Allah. Selain itu, ia juga menganjurkan untuk selalu ingat (al-dzikr kepada Allah bagaimana pun, kapan pun, dan dimana pun. Mengingat Allah dapat menenangkan

  10. Kultur, privatliv og offentlighet: Religionens plass i det sekulariserte samfunnet

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bjørn Myskja

    2009-05-01

    Full Text Available Den dominerende oppfatningen i den politiske og moralfilosofiske tenkningen de siste tiår har vært at religion ikke bør spille noen avgjørende politisk rolle i det moderne sekulariserte demokrati. Religion tilhører privatsfæren, og politiske avgjørelser må fattes på et felles grunnlag, uavhengig av livssyn. De mest sentrale tenkerne i vår tids politiske filosofi, John Rawls og Jürgen Habermas, har begge i tidlige arbeider gitt uttrykk for at dette er en oppfatning som vil få en allmenn, global tilslutning, for de ser modernisering og sekularisering som to sider av samme sak. Det er nærmest to uunngåelige fenomen ettersom globalisering og modernisering vil føre til svekkelse av tradisjonelle kulturer og utbredelse av individualisme og demokratiske idealer. Bakgrunnen for dette temanummeret er at en rekke erfaringer fra de siste tiår har ledet til en gjenåpning av spørsmålet om religionens plass i sekulariserte samfunn.http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/eip.v3i1.1706

  11. KAJIAN TERHADAP BEBERAPA METODE PENYUSUTAN DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERHITUNGAN BEBAN POKOK PENJUALAN (COST OF GOOD SOLD

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juniady Slamed Setiawan

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Every company must generate financial statement, that provide information about income, changes in financial position to whom that concerned. In preparing financial statement, each company has a power to choose the accounting methods and technics that recommended by Financial Accounting Standard. Accounting policies adopted by firm has a substanstial impact in financial statement.Therefore the company that has equal performance will report different result.This article try to present the impact of choosing depreciation method in calculating cost of goods sold. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Setiap perusahaan wajib menerbitkan laporan keuangan, yang memberikan informasi mengenai hasil usaha, perubahan posisi keuangan kepada pihak yang memerlukan. Dalam menyusun laporan keuangan, perusahaan memiliki keleluasaan untuk memilih metode dan teknik sepanjang metode yang dipilih tersebut ada dalam SAK (Standar Akuntansi Keuangan. Pemilihan metode akuntansi memiliki dampak yang sangat besar terhadap laporan keuangan yang dihasilkan. Dengan demikian dimungkinkan perusahaan yang sebenarnya memiliki kinerja yang sama dapat melaporkan hasil yang berbeda. Tulisan ini mencoba untuk mengetengahkan dampak pemilihan metode penyusutan terhadap perhitungan beban pokok penjualan (cost of goods sold. Kata kunci: metode penyusutan, beban penyusutan, aktiva tetap, beban pokok penjualan.

  12. A Comparison of the Reproductive Output Among the Relatives of Samoan Androphilic Fa'afafine and Gynephilic Men.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Semenyna, Scott W; Petterson, Lanna J; VanderLaan, Doug P; Vasey, Paul L

    2017-01-01

    The sexually antagonistic gene hypothesis (SAGH) for male androphilia posits that genes associated with androphilia (i.e., sexual attraction to adult males) will result in lowered reproduction when present in males, but increased reproduction when present in females. Findings derived from some Western European samples furnish support for the SAGH; however, results from studies conducted in other regions of the world have been more equivocal. Our previous research in Samoa indicated that the mothers as well as the maternal and paternal grandmothers of androphilic males (known locally as fa'afafine) exhibit elevated reproductive output when compared to the relatives of gynephilic men (i.e., males that are sexually attracted to adult females). The present replication study tested the SAGH in Samoa using a sample that was 122 % larger than the one previously studied by our group (VanderLaan, Forrester, Petterson, & Vasey, 2012). In line with the predictions of the SAGH, we hypothesized that the grandmothers, aunts, and mothers of fa'afafine would show elevated reproductive output compared to those of Samoan gynephilic men. Data were collected from 191 fa'afafine and 191 gynephilic men on the reproductive output of their paternal and maternal biological relatives (i.e., mothers, grandmothers, aunts, uncles). The mothers and maternal grandmothers of fa'afafine showed elevated reproductive output compared to those of gynephilic men. The paternal grandmother effect was not replicated. Although these results are consistent with the SAGH, a lack of difference in the reproductive output of aunts renders support for the SAGH in Samoa equivocal.

  13. Variable selection for confounder control, flexible modeling and Collaborative Targeted Minimum Loss-based Estimation in causal inference

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schnitzer, Mireille E.; Lok, Judith J.; Gruber, Susan

    2015-01-01

    This paper investigates the appropriateness of the integration of flexible propensity score modeling (nonparametric or machine learning approaches) in semiparametric models for the estimation of a causal quantity, such as the mean outcome under treatment. We begin with an overview of some of the issues involved in knowledge-based and statistical variable selection in causal inference and the potential pitfalls of automated selection based on the fit of the propensity score. Using a simple example, we directly show the consequences of adjusting for pure causes of the exposure when using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Such variables are likely to be selected when using a naive approach to model selection for the propensity score. We describe how the method of Collaborative Targeted minimum loss-based estimation (C-TMLE; van der Laan and Gruber, 2010) capitalizes on the collaborative double robustness property of semiparametric efficient estimators to select covariates for the propensity score based on the error in the conditional outcome model. Finally, we compare several approaches to automated variable selection in low-and high-dimensional settings through a simulation study. From this simulation study, we conclude that using IPTW with flexible prediction for the propensity score can result in inferior estimation, while Targeted minimum loss-based estimation and C-TMLE may benefit from flexible prediction and remain robust to the presence of variables that are highly correlated with treatment. However, in our study, standard influence function-based methods for the variance underestimated the standard errors, resulting in poor coverage under certain data-generating scenarios. PMID:26226129

  14. Electronic structure, charge transfer, and intrinsic luminescence of gadolinium oxide nanoparticles: Experiment and theory

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zatsepin, D. A.; Boukhvalov, D. W.; Zatsepin, A. F.; Kuznetsova, Yu. A.; Mashkovtsev, M. A.; Rychkov, V. N.; Shur, V. Ya.; Esin, A. A.; Kurmaev, E. Z.

    2018-04-01

    The cubic (c) and monoclinic (m) polymorphs of Gd2O3 were studied using the combined analysis of several materials science techniques - X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Density functional theory (DFT) based calculations for the samples under study were performed as well. The cubic phase of gadolinium oxide (c-Gd2O3) synthesized using a precipitation method exhibits spheroidal-like nanoclusters with well-defined edges assembled from primary nanoparticles with an average size of 50 nm, whereas the monoclinic phase of gadolinium oxide (m-Gd2O3) deposited using explosive pyrolysis has a denser structure compared with natural gadolinia. This phase also has a structure composed of three-dimensional complex agglomerates without clear-edged boundaries that are ∼21 nm in size plus a cubic phase admixture of only 2 at.% composed of primary edge-boundary nanoparticles ∼15 nm in size. These atomic features appear in the electronic structure as different defects ([Gd…Osbnd OH] and [Gd…Osbnd O]) and have dissimilar contributions to the charge-transfer processes among the appropriate electronic states with ambiguous contributions in the Gd 5р - O 2s core-like levels in the valence band structures. The origin of [Gd…Osbnd OH] defects found by XPS was well-supported by PL analysis. The electronic and atomic structures of the synthesized gadolinias calculated using DFT were compared and discussed on the basis of the well-known joint OKT-van der Laan model, and good agreement was established.

  15. Positioning of microtubule organizing centers by cortical pushing and pulling forces

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pavin, Nenad; Ma Rui; Jülicher, Frank; Laan, Liedewij; Dogterom, Marileen

    2012-01-01

    Positioning of microtubule (MT) organizing centers with respect to the confining geometry of cells depends on pushing and/or pulling forces generated by MTs that interact with the cell cortex (Dogterom et al 2005 Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17 67–74). How, in living cells, these forces lead to proper positioning is still largely an open question. Recently, it was shown by in vitro experiments using artificial microchambers that in a square geometry, MT asters center more reliably by a combination of pulling and pushing forces than by pushing forces alone (Laan et al 2012a Cell 148 502–14). These findings were explained by a physical description of aster mechanics that includes slipping of pushing MT ends along chamber boundaries. In this paper, we extend that theoretical work by studying the influence of the shape of the confining geometry on the positioning process. We find that pushing and pulling forces can have centering or off-centering behavior in different geometries. Pushing forces center in a one-dimensional and a square geometry, but lead to off-centering in a circle if slipping is sufficiently pronounced. Pulling forces, however, do not center in a one-dimensional geometry, but improve centering in a circle and a square. In an elongated stadium geometry, positioning along the short axis depends mainly on pulling forces, while positioning along the long axis depends mainly on pushing forces. Our theoretical results suggest that different positioning strategies could be used by different cell types. (paper)

  16. A comparative assessment of endogenous water institutional change

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pande, Saket; Ersten, Maurits

    2013-04-01

    This paper builds the theory of endogenous institutional change, first proposed by Greif and Laitin (2004), for water scarce regions in context of water institutions. The current emphasis on environmental change, including hydrological change, largely ignores the adaptation of human societies to change. Humans have mostly been considered as boundary conditions or parameters of the dynamics of hydrological change and are not considered as conduits of feedbacks. Nonetheless, the dynamical representation of hydrological change with feedbacks between various components of a system is assuring since it is reminiscent of processual ecological anthropology(Orlove, 1980), except that individual decision making is absent. This paper proposes to consider selected dryland basins of the world, to conceptualize proxies of water relevant socio-economic organisation, such as spatial scales of upstream-downstream cooperation in water use, synthesized over time and then proposes a comparative assessment to test regularities predicted by an extension of river game theory (Ambec and Ehlers, 2008; van der Brink et al, 2012) to endogenous institutional change. References: Orlove, B. S. (1980). Ecological Anthropology. Annual Review of Anthropology, Vol. 9 (1980), pp. 235-273. Greif. A. and D. D. Laitin (2004). A Theory of Endogenous Institutional Change. American Political Science Review, Vol. 98, No. 4 November 2004. Ambec, S. and L. Ehlers (2008). Sharing a river amongst satiable agents. Games and Economic Behavior, 64, 35-50. Van der Brink, G. van der Laan and N. Moes (2012). Fair agreements for sharing international rivers with multiple springs and externalities. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 63, 388-403.

  17. IFN regulatory factor 1 restricts hepatitis E virus replication by activating STAT1 to induce antiviral IFN-stimulated genes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xu, Lei; Zhou, Xinying; Wang, Wenshi; Wang, Yijin; Yin, Yuebang; Laan, Luc J W van der; Sprengers, Dave; Metselaar, Herold J; Peppelenbosch, Maikel P; Pan, Qiuwei

    2016-10-01

    IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) is one of the most important IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in cellular antiviral immunity. Although hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a leading cause of acute hepatitis worldwide, how ISGs counteract HEV infection is largely unknown. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of IRF1 on HEV replication. Multiple cell lines were used in 2 models that harbor HEV. In different HEV cell culture systems, IRF1 effectively inhibited HEV replication. IRF1 did not trigger IFN production, and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data analysis revealed that IRF1 bound to the promoter region of signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1). Functional assay confirmed that IRF1 could drive the transcription of STAT1, resulting in elevation of total and phosphorylated STAT1 proteins and further activating the transcription of a panel of downstream antiviral ISGs. By pharmacological inhibitors and RNAi-mediated gene-silencing approaches, we revealed that antiviral function of IRF1 is dependent on the JAK-STAT cascade. Furthermore, induction of ISGs and the anti-HEV effect of IRF1 overlapped that of IFNα, but was potentiated by ribavirin. We demonstrated that IRF1 effectively inhibits HEV replication through the activation of the JAK-STAT pathway, and the subsequent transcription of antiviral ISGs, but independent of IFN production.-Xu, L., Zhou, X., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Yin, Y., van der Laan, L. J. W., Sprengers, D., Metselaar, H. J., Peppelenbosch, M. P., Pan, Q. IFN regulatory factor 1 restricts hepatitis E virus replication by activating STAT1 to induce antiviral IFN-stimulated genes. © FASEB.

  18. Identification of virulence genes carried by bacteriophages obtained from clinically isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Karasartova, Djursun; Cavusoglu, Zeynep Burcin; Turegun, Buse; Ozsan, Murat T; Şahin, Fikret

    2016-12-01

    Bacteriophages play an important role in the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) either by carrying accessory virulence factors or several superantigens. Despite their importance, there are not many studies showing the actual distribution of the virulence genes carried by the prophages obtained from the clinically isolated Staphylococcus. In this study, we investigated prophages obtained from methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from hospital- and community-associated (HA-CA) infections for the virulence factors. In the study, 43 phages isolated from 48 MRSA were investigated for carrying toxin genes including the sak, eta, lukF-PV, sea, selp, sek, seg, seq chp, and scn virulence genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blot. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to analyze phage genomes to investigate the relationship between the phage profiles and the toxin genes' presence. MRSA strains isolated from HA infections tended to have higher prophage presence than the MRSA strains obtained from the CA infections (97% and 67%, respectively). The study showed that all the phages with the exception of one phage contained one or more virulence genes in their genomes with different combinations. The most common toxin genes found were sea (83%) followed by sek (77%) and seq (64%). The study indicates that prophages encode a significant proportion of MRSA virulence factors.

  19. Glucose de-repression by yeast AMP-activated protein kinase SNF1 is controlled via at least two independent steps.

    Science.gov (United States)

    García-Salcedo, Raúl; Lubitz, Timo; Beltran, Gemma; Elbing, Karin; Tian, Ye; Frey, Simone; Wolkenhauer, Olaf; Krantz, Marcus; Klipp, Edda; Hohmann, Stefan

    2014-04-01

    The AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK, controls energy homeostasis in eukaryotic cells but little is known about the mechanisms governing the dynamics of its activation/deactivation. The yeast AMPK, SNF1, is activated in response to glucose depletion and mediates glucose de-repression by inactivating the transcriptional repressor Mig1. Here we show that overexpression of the Snf1-activating kinase Sak1 results, in the presence of glucose, in constitutive Snf1 activation without alleviating glucose repression. Co-overexpression of the regulatory subunit Reg1 of the Glc-Reg1 phosphatase complex partly restores glucose regulation of Snf1. We generated a set of 24 kinetic mathematical models based on dynamic data of Snf1 pathway activation and deactivation. The models that reproduced our experimental observations best featured (a) glucose regulation of both Snf1 phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, (b) determination of the Mig1 phosphorylation status in the absence of glucose by Snf1 activity only and (c) a regulatory step directing active Snf1 to Mig1 under glucose limitation. Hence it appears that glucose de-repression via Snf1-Mig1 is regulated by glucose via at least two independent steps: the control of activation of the Snf1 kinase and directing active Snf1 to inactivating its target Mig1. © 2014 FEBS.

  20. Regular Nanoscale Protein Patterns via Directed Adsorption through Self-Assembled DNA Origami Masks.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ramakrishnan, Saminathan; Subramaniam, Sivaraman; Stewart, A Francis; Grundmeier, Guido; Keller, Adrian

    2016-11-16

    DNA origami has become a widely used method for synthesizing well-defined nanostructures with promising applications in various areas of nanotechnology, biophysics, and medicine. Recently, the possibility to transfer the shape of single DNA origami nanostructures into different materials via molecular lithography approaches has received growing interest due to the great structural control provided by the DNA origami technique. Here, we use ordered monolayers of DNA origami nanostructures with internal cavities on mica surfaces as molecular lithography masks for the fabrication of regular protein patterns over large surface areas. Exposure of the masked sample surface to negatively charged proteins results in the directed adsorption of the proteins onto the exposed surface areas in the holes of the mask. By controlling the buffer and adsorption conditions, the protein coverage of the exposed areas can be varied from single proteins to densely packed monolayers. To demonstrate the versatility of this approach, regular nanopatterns of four different proteins are fabricated: the single-strand annealing proteins Redβ and Sak, the iron-storage protein ferritin, and the blood protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). We furthermore demonstrate the desorption of the DNA origami mask after directed protein adsorption, which may enable the fabrication of hierarchical patterns composed of different protein species. Because selectivity in adsorption is achieved by electrostatic interactions between the proteins and the exposed surface areas, this approach may enable also the large-scale patterning of other charged molecular species or even nanoparticles.

  1. Antecedents and consequences of work engagement among nurses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sohrabizadeh, Sanaz; Sayfouri, Nasrin

    2014-11-01

    Engaged nurses have high levels of energy and are enthusiastic about their work which impacts quality of health care services. However, in the context of Iran, due to observed burnout, work engagement among nurses necessitates immediate exploration. This investigation aimed to identify a suitable work engagement model in nursing profession in hospitals according to the hypothesized model and to determine antecedents and consequences related to work engagement among nurses. In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was given to 279 randomly-selected nurses working in two general teaching hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Shiraz, Iran) to measure antecedents and consequences of work engagement using the Saks's (2005) model. Structural Equation Modeling was used to examine the model fitness. Two paths were added using LISREL software. The resulting model showed good fitness indices (χ(2) = 23.62, AGFI = 0.93, CFI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.07) and all the coefficients of the paths were significant (t ≥ 2, t ≤ -2). A significant correlation was found between work engagement and model variables. Paying adequate attention to the antecedents of work engagement can enhance the quality of performance among nurses. Additionally, rewards, organizational and supervisory supports, and job characteristics should be taken into consideration to establish work engagement among nurses. Further researches are required to identify other probable antecedents and consequences of nursing work engagement, which might be related to specific cultural settings.

  2. Toros sedirinde yetiştirme sıklığının fidan morfolojik özellikleri ve beslenme durumuna etkisi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dr. Şükrü Teoman GÜNER

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmanın amacı, fidanlık koşullarında yetiştirme sıklığının 2+0 yaşlı Toros sediri (Cedrus libani fidanlarının bazı morfolojik özellikleri ile beslenme durumu üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Araştırmada, Isparta-Kapıdağ orijinli tohumlar kullanılmıştır. Eskişehir Orman Fidanlığı’nda 1,2 m genişliğindeki yüksek yastıklara, 15 cm aralıklarla oluşturulan 7 ekim çizgisinde, kontrol ( ̴ 1,5; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5; 10,0 cm mesafe ile yetiştirilen fidanların bazı morfolojik özellikleri ile ibre, gövde ve kök besin elementi içerikleri belirlenmiştir. Denemede rastlantı parselleri deneme deseni kullanılmıştır. Veriler varyans analizi, Duncan testi ve korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Yetiştirme sıklığı fidan boyu (FB, kök boğazı çapı (KBÇ, FB/KBÇ oranı, sak taze ağırlığı, kök taze ağırlığı, fidan taze ağırlığı, sak kuru ağırlığı (SKA, kök kuru ağırlığı (KKA, fidan kuru ağırlığı (FKA, SKA/KKA oranı ve kök yüzdesini (KKA/FKA oranı önemli derecede etkilemiştir. İncelenen fidan morfolojik özellikleri arasında önemli ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. Fidanların sahip olduğu toplam N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Zn, Cu ve Mn içeriği bakımından yetiştirme sıklıkları arasındaki farklılıklar önemli (P<0,001 bulunmuştur. Yetiştirme sıklığı azaldıkça fidanların toplam besin elementi içeriği artmıştır. Farklı sıklık derecelerinde yetiştirilen fidanların topraktan kaldırdığı besin stokları arasında anlamlı farklılıklar belirlenmiş, sıklığının azalması ile fidanların birim alandan kaldırdığı besin stokları azalmıştır. Bütün bulgular birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, kurak-yarı kurak alan ağaçlandırmalarında fidanlıkta 2,5 cm mesafeyle (232 fidan/m2; yarı nemli-nemli alan ağaçlandırmalarında ise 7,5 cm mesafeyle (77 fidan/m2 fidan yetiştirmenin uygun olacağı düşünülmektedir.

  3. Capsaicin, a novel inhibitor of the NorA efflux pump, reduces the intracellular invasion of Staphylococcus aureus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kalia, Nitin Pal; Mahajan, Priya; Mehra, Rukmankesh; Nargotra, Amit; Sharma, Jai Parkash; Koul, Surrinder; Khan, Inshad Ali

    2012-10-01

    To delineate the role of capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) as an inhibitor of the NorA efflux pump and its impact on invasion of macrophages by Staphylococcus aureus. Capsaicin in combination with ciprofloxacin was tested for activity against S. aureus SA-1199B (NorA overproducing), SA-1199 (wild-type) and SA-K1758 (norA knockout). The role of NorA in the intracellular invasion of S. aureus and the ability of capsaicin to inhibit this invasion was established in J774 macrophage cell lines. The three-dimensional structure of NorA was predicted using an in silico approach and docking studies of capsaicin were performed. Capsaicin significantly reduced the MIC of ciprofloxacin for S. aureus SA-1199 and SA-1199B. Furthermore, capsaicin also extended the post-antibiotic effect of ciprofloxacin by 1.1 h at MIC concentration. There was a decrease in mutation prevention concentration of ciprofloxacin when combined with capsaicin. Inhibition of ethidium bromide efflux by NorA-overproducing S. aureus SA-1199B confirmed the role of capsaicin as a NorA efflux pump inhibitor (EPI). The most significant finding of this study was the ability of capsaicin to reduce the intracellular invasion of S. aureus SA-1199B (NorA overproducing) in J774 macrophage cell lines by 2 log(10). This study, for the first time, has shown that capsaicin, a novel EPI, not only inhibits the NorA efflux pump of S. aureus but also reduces the invasiveness of S. aureus, thereby reducing its virulence.

  4. The Riesz-Radon-Fréchet problem of characterization of integrals

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zakharov, Valerii K.; Mikhalev, Aleksandr V.; Rodionov, Timofey V.

    2010-11-01

    This paper is a survey of results on characterizing integrals as linear functionals. It starts from the familiar result of F. Riesz (1909) on integral representation of bounded linear functionals by Riemann-Stieltjes integrals on a closed interval, and is directly connected with Radon's famous theorem (1913) on integral representation of bounded linear functionals by Lebesgue integrals on a compact subset of {R}^n. After the works of Radon, Fréchet, and Hausdorff, the problem of characterizing integrals as linear functionals took the particular form of the problem of extending Radon's theorem from {R}^n to more general topological spaces with Radon measures. This problem turned out to be difficult, and its solution has a long and rich history. Therefore, it is natural to call it the Riesz-Radon-Fréchet problem of characterization of integrals. Important stages of its solution are associated with such eminent mathematicians as Banach (1937-1938), Saks (1937-1938), Kakutani (1941), Halmos (1950), Hewitt (1952), Edwards (1953), Prokhorov (1956), Bourbaki (1969), and others. Essential ideas and technical tools were developed by A.D. Alexandrov (1940-1943), Stone (1948-1949), Fremlin (1974), and others. Most of this paper is devoted to the contemporary stage of the solution of the problem, connected with papers of König (1995-2008), Zakharov and Mikhalev (1997-2009), and others. The general solution of the problem is presented in the form of a parametric theorem on characterization of integrals which directly implies the characterization theorems of the indicated authors. Bibliography: 60 titles.

  5. A worldwide comparison of the management of surgical treatment of advanced oral cancer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kansy, Katinka; Mueller, Andreas Albert; Mücke, Thomas; Koersgen, Friederike; Wolff, Klaus Dietrich; Zeilhofer, Hans-Florian; Hölzle, Frank; Pradel, Winnie; Schneider, Matthias; Kolk, Andreas; Smeets, Ralf; Acero, Julio; Haers, Piet; Ghali, G E; Hoffmann, Jürgen

    2018-03-01

    Microvascular surgery following tumor resection has become an important field of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS). Following the results from management of T1/T2 floor-of-mouth and tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in German-speaking countries, Europe, and worldwide, this paper presents specific concepts for the management of resection and reconstruction of T3/T4 SCC of the maxillary and mandibular alveolar process and tongue. The DÖSAK questionnaire was distributed in three different phases to a growing number of maxillofacial units worldwide. Within this survey, clinical patient settings were presented to participants and center-specific treatment strategies were evaluated. A total of 188 OMFS units from 36 different countries documented their treatment strategies for T3/T4 maxillary and mandibular alveolar process and tongue SCC. The extent of surgical resections and subsequent reconstructions is more consistent than with T1/T2 tumors, although the controversy surrounding continuity resections and mandible-sparing procedures remains. For continuity resection of the mandible the fibula free flap is the most frequently used bone replacement, whereas maxilla reconstruction concepts are less consistent, ranging from locoregional coverage concepts and different microvascular reconstruction options to treatment via obturator prosthesis. Results from treatment strategies for T3/T4 tumors underline the limited evidence for the appropriate amount of resection and subsequent reconstruction process, especially in cases involving the mandible. Prospective randomized trials will be necessary in the long term to establish valid treatment guidelines. Copyright © 2018 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  6. The Riesz-Radon-Frechet problem of characterization of integrals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zakharov, Valerii K; Rodionov, Timofey V [M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow (Russian Federation); Mikhalev, Aleksandr V [Centre for New Information Technologies, Moscow State University (Russian Federation)

    2010-11-16

    This paper is a survey of results on characterizing integrals as linear functionals. It starts from the familiar result of F. Riesz (1909) on integral representation of bounded linear functionals by Riemann-Stieltjes integrals on a closed interval, and is directly connected with Radon's famous theorem (1913) on integral representation of bounded linear functionals by Lebesgue integrals on a compact subset of R{sup n}. After the works of Radon, Frechet, and Hausdorff, the problem of characterizing integrals as linear functionals took the particular form of the problem of extending Radon's theorem from R{sup n} to more general topological spaces with Radon measures. This problem turned out to be difficult, and its solution has a long and rich history. Therefore, it is natural to call it the Riesz-Radon-Frechet problem of characterization of integrals. Important stages of its solution are associated with such eminent mathematicians as Banach (1937-1938), Saks (1937-1938), Kakutani (1941), Halmos (1950), Hewitt (1952), Edwards (1953), Prokhorov (1956), Bourbaki (1969), and others. Essential ideas and technical tools were developed by A.D. Alexandrov (1940-1943), Stone (1948-1949), Fremlin (1974), and others. Most of this paper is devoted to the contemporary stage of the solution of the problem, connected with papers of Koenig (1995-2008), Zakharov and Mikhalev (1997-2009), and others. The general solution of the problem is presented in the form of a parametric theorem on characterization of integrals which directly implies the characterization theorems of the indicated authors. Bibliography: 60 titles.

  7. The Riesz-Radon-Frechet problem of characterization of integrals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zakharov, Valerii K; Rodionov, Timofey V; Mikhalev, Aleksandr V

    2010-01-01

    This paper is a survey of results on characterizing integrals as linear functionals. It starts from the familiar result of F. Riesz (1909) on integral representation of bounded linear functionals by Riemann-Stieltjes integrals on a closed interval, and is directly connected with Radon's famous theorem (1913) on integral representation of bounded linear functionals by Lebesgue integrals on a compact subset of R n . After the works of Radon, Frechet, and Hausdorff, the problem of characterizing integrals as linear functionals took the particular form of the problem of extending Radon's theorem from R n to more general topological spaces with Radon measures. This problem turned out to be difficult, and its solution has a long and rich history. Therefore, it is natural to call it the Riesz-Radon-Frechet problem of characterization of integrals. Important stages of its solution are associated with such eminent mathematicians as Banach (1937-1938), Saks (1937-1938), Kakutani (1941), Halmos (1950), Hewitt (1952), Edwards (1953), Prokhorov (1956), Bourbaki (1969), and others. Essential ideas and technical tools were developed by A.D. Alexandrov (1940-1943), Stone (1948-1949), Fremlin (1974), and others. Most of this paper is devoted to the contemporary stage of the solution of the problem, connected with papers of Koenig (1995-2008), Zakharov and Mikhalev (1997-2009), and others. The general solution of the problem is presented in the form of a parametric theorem on characterization of integrals which directly implies the characterization theorems of the indicated authors. Bibliography: 60 titles.

  8. Harvesting an experiment: observations of bushy landrace winter rye in a small scale experimental slah-and-burn field in Estonia / Kersti Kihno, Liisi Jääts, Mati Laane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kihno, Kersti, 1963-

    2015-01-01

    13. sajandi alguseks kujunes talirukis Eesti ala tähtsaimaks toiduteraviljaks ning oli 13. - 18. sajandini ka peamine ekspordiartikkel. Alepõllul kasvatatud puhmasrukis andis suuri saake, kuid oli nõudlik maa viljakuse suhtes. Eksperiment toimus Tartumaal. Eksperimendi tulemused kinnitasid ajalooallikate kirjeldusi - soodsates tingimustes on puhmasrukis väga saagikas. Kuigi väiksemõõtmelise eksperimendi tulemusi ei saa käsitleda kui suure alepõllu täpset mudelit, annab see siiski olulist materjali talirukki maasordi kohta, mis on siiani saanud teenimatult vähe tähelepanu

  9. Involvement of protein tyrosine phosphatases BcPtpA and BcPtpB in regulation of vegetative development, virulence and multi-stress tolerance in Botrytis cinerea.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Qianqian Yang

    Full Text Available Tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation have emerged as fundamentally important mechanisms of signal transduction and regulation in eukaryotic cells, governing many processes, but little has been known about their functions in filamentous fungi. In this study, we deleted two putative protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP genes (BcPTPA and BcPTPB in Botrytis cinerea, encoding the orthologs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ptp2 and Ptp3, respectively. Although BcPtpA and BcPtpB have opposite functions in conidiation, they are essential for sclerotial formation in B. cinerea. BcPTPA and BcPTPB deletion mutants ΔBcPtpA-10 and ΔBcPtpB-4 showed significantly increased sensitivity to osmotic and oxidative stresses, and to cell wall damaging agents. Inoculation tests showed that both mutants exhibited dramatically decreased virulence on tomato leaves, apples and grapes. In S. cerevisiae, it has been shown that Ptp2 and Ptp3 negatively regulate the high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG pathway and the cell wall integrity (CWI pathway. Although both BcPtpA and BcPtpB were able to inactive Hog1 and Mpk1 in S. cerevisiae, in contrast to S. cerevisiae, they positively regulate phosphorylation of BcSak1 (the homologue of Hog1 and BcBmp3 (the homologue of Mpk1 in B. cinerea under stress conditions. These results demonstrated that functions of PTPs in B. cinerea are different from those in S. cerevisiae, and BcPtpA and BcPtpB play important roles in regulation of vegetative development, virulence and in adaptation to oxidative, osmotic and cell-wall damage stresses in B. cinerea.

  10. Boeravinone B, A Novel Dual Inhibitor of NorA Bacterial Efflux Pump of Staphylococcus aureus and Human P-Glycoprotein, Reduces the Biofilm Formation and Intracellular Invasion of Bacteria.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Singh, Samsher; Kalia, Nitin P; Joshi, Prashant; Kumar, Ajay; Sharma, Parduman R; Kumar, Ashok; Bharate, Sandip B; Khan, Inshad A

    2017-01-01

    This study elucidated the role of boeravinone B, a NorA multidrug efflux pump inhibitor, in biofilm inhibition. The effects of boeravinone B plus ciprofloxacin, a NorA substrate, were evaluated in NorA-overexpressing, wild-type, and knocked-out Staphylococcus aureus (SA-1199B, SA-1199, and SA-K1758, respectively). The mechanism of action was confirmed using the ethidium bromide accumulation and efflux assay. The role of boeravinone B as a human P -glycoprotein ( P -gp) inhibitor was examined in the LS-180 (colon cancer) cell line. Moreover, its role in the inhibition of biofilm formation and intracellular invasion of S. aureus in macrophages was studied. Boeravinone B reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin against S. aureus and its methicillin-resistant strains; the effect was stronger in SA-1199B. Furthermore, time-kill kinetics revealed that boeravinone B plus ciprofloxacin, at subinhibitory concentration (0.25 × MIC), is as equipotent as that at the MIC level. This combination also had a reduced mutation prevention concentration. Boeravinone B reduced the efflux of ethidium bromide and increased the accumulation, thus strengthening the role as a NorA inhibitor. Biofilm formation was reduced by four-eightfold of the minimal biofilm inhibitory concentration of ciprofloxacin, effectively preventing bacterial entry into macrophages. Boeravinone B effectively inhibited P -gp with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of 64.85 μM. The study concluded that boeravinone B not only inhibits the NorA-mediated efflux of fluoroquinolones but also considerably inhibits the biofilm formation of S. aureus. Its P -gp inhibition activity demonstrates its potential as a bioavailability and bioefficacy enhancer.

  11. BİLEZİKLİ ASENKRON MAKİNELERDE ANLIK YÜKSEK MOMENT VE HIZ DENETİMİ İÇİN ROTOR DEVRESİNE BULANIK MANTIK TABANLI GÜÇ ENJEKSİYONU

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Selami KESLER

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Büyük güç gerektiren uygulamalarda yüksek moment üretimi ve rüzgâr santrallerinde sabit frekanslı sabit güç üretimi için kullanılan bilezikli asenkron makinelerde rotor devresi güç akışı farklı yöntemlerle denetlenir. Denetimli yüksek moment üretmek, en uygun güç katsayısı elde etmek ve hız denetimi için rotor devresine bilezikler üzerinden kayma frekanslı gerilim uygulanabilir. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle bilezikli bir asenkron makinede rotor sargılarına bilezikler üzerinden gerilim uygulanmasının dinamik etkileri araştırılmış ve yöntemin sakıncalı yönleri uygulama desteğiyle ortaya konulmuştur. Daha sonra bu dinamik etkileri iyileştirmek üzere, makinenin anlık zorlanmalarda yüksek moment üretimini denetlemek ve hızını ayarlamak için rotor tarafında bulanık mantık denetleyicili bir evirici modeli önerilmiştir. Sürekli çalışma durumunda stator sargıları doğrudan şebekeye bağlı olan sistemin benzetim modeli için C/C++ programı geliştirilmiş ve farklı yük şartları için elde edilen sonuçlar tartışılmıştır.

  12. From bench to application: current practices in tissue engineering and its realisation at maxillofacial units in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smeets, Ralf; El-Moawen, Ahmed; Jung, Ole; Hanken, Henning; Hartjen, Philip; Heiland, Max; Kansy, Katinka; Kloss, Frank; Kolk, Andreas

    2014-10-01

    Over the last 20 years, the highly interdisciplinary field of tissue engineering (TE) has become an established subspecialty in research facilities all over the world. Numerous methods and protocols are available for various research intentions and aims, but there are no data indicating which of these methods and resources are generally used. This study is an overview of the resources and methods that are commonly applied in TE research in general, and in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The DÖSAK collaborative group for TE developed a detailed questionnaire and collected information from participating university hospitals in these three countries. We evaluated the availability of research facilities, in vitro realisation and in vivo designs for animal studies in these departments. 11 units who replied, out of 35 we contacted, conducted research on bone regeneration in interdisciplinary research facilities. 10 departments used xenogeneic and alloplastic scaffolds for in vitro and in vivo applications. In this case, the most commonly utilised trademarks were Bio-Oss(®) and CERASORB(®). 9 units used osteoblasts (73%) and 10 proliferation assays in vitro, whereas rats served as the standard animal model for histology/immunohistochemistry in 6. All research units were interested in establishing a platform for research exchange and communication. This study shows that tissue engineering is well established and highly accepted in most participating university hospitals and research facilities. The presented data, together with data published in a foregoing paper will help arrange more readily available standardised procedures for further investigations. Copyright © 2014 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  13. Effect of 5-azacytidine and cortisol on the P1798 cortisol-sensitive and non-resistant lymphosarcoma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chi, C.

    1986-01-01

    The P1798 lymphosarcoma is a tumor with both cortisol-sensitive (CS) and cortisol-resistant (CR) lines. Although differences between the CS and CR cells have been reported, none can fully explain the detailed mechanism of glucocorticoid resistance in CR tumors. Recently, it was shown that 5-azacytidine treatment could generate CS cells from CR SAK lymphoma cells in vitro. The present study examined the effect of combination treatment with 5-azacytidine and cortisol on the growth of the P1798 lymphosarcoma. 5-Azacytidine rendered the P1798 CR tumors partially cortisol-sensitive, and enhanced the cortisol-induced regression of the P1798 CS tumors. Survival of mice bearing both CS and CR P1798 tumors was increased by combination treatment. Similar whole cell and nuclear binding of 3 H-TA were observed in both 5-azacytidine-treated and control P1798 tumors. However, CR nuclei retained 64% of the whole cell binding of 3 H-TA compared to 25-29% nuclear retention in CS tumors. DNA methylation in tumors from 5-azacytidine-treated mice decreased to 53% (CS) and 42% (CR) of control. Since 5-azacytidine did not result in any change in thymidine labeling index or cell cycle distribution in P1798 tumors, it would appear to be cytostatic rather than cytotoxic to P1798 tumors. Three cell lines have been isolated from the P1798 lymphosarcoma: two are cortisol-sensitive both in vivo and in vitro, while the other is cortisol-resistant. Results from this study suggest that glucocorticoid resistance is a reversible process, and that the effect of 5-azacytidine on the P1798 CR tumor is at the gene expression level

  14. Oral Cancer Malnutrition Impacts Weight and Quality of Life

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nils-Claudius Gellrich

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Diet is important for both quality of life (QoL and survival of patients with oral cancer. Their intake of food is impeded by functional restrictions in chewing and swallowing. In the DÖSAK REHAB STUDY 1652 patients from 38 hospitals within the German-language area of Germany; Austria and Switzerland were examined with regard to functional and psychological variables having an impact on diet. Chewing and swallowing are correlated with mobility of the tongue and the mandible as well as opening of the mouth. Thirty five percent of the patients lost weight; 41% maintained their weight and 24% gained weight. The QoL of patients who were able to maintain their weight and of those who gained weight was significantly better than that of patients who lost weight. A normal diet was important for maintaining weight. Mashed food; liquid food and loss of appetite were closely associated with loss of weight; although it was possible for nutritional counseling and dietary support to be implemented particularly favorably in this respect. Due to problems with eating patients’ strength deteriorated; thus restricting activity. Radiotherapy had a negative impact on diet and weight. It influenced sense of taste; dryness of the mouth; swelling and discomfort when ingesting food. Pain and scars in the region of the operation also cause patients to dislike hard; spicy and sour food. Support from a nutritional counselor in implementing a calorie-rich diet remedied this and such support needs to be integrated into patient management. The fact that a poor nutritional status is of such great importance is well-known; but what is often lacking is the systematic implementation of continued professional nutritional counseling over a long period of time; weight control and psycho-social support of the operated patients; particularly those who also have had radiotherapy.

  15. Evaluation of oxidative response and tissular damage in rat lungs exposed to silica-coated gold nanoparticles under static magnetic fields

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ferchichi S

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Soumaya Ferchichi,1 Hamdi Trabelsi,1 Inès Azzouz,1 Amel Hanini,2 Ahmed Rejeb,3 Olfa Tebourbi,1 Mohsen Sakly,1 Hafedh Abdelmelek1 1Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, Faculty Of Sciences of Bizerte, 2Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, Carthage University, Carthage 3Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, Manouba Univeristy, Manouba, Tunisia Abstract: The purpose of our study was the evaluation of toxicological effects of silica-coated gold nanoparticles (GNPs and static magnetic fields (SMFs; 128 mT exposure in rat lungs. Animals received a single injection of GNPs (1,100 µg/kg, 100 nm, intraperitoneally and were exposed to SMFs, over 14 days (1 h/day. Results showed that GNPs treatment induced a hyperplasia of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. Fluorescence microscopy images showed that red fluorescence signal was detected in rat lungs after 2 weeks from the single injection of GNPs. Oxidative response study showed that GNPs exposure increased malondialdehyde level and decreased CuZn-superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in rat lungs. Furthermore, the histopathological study showed that combined effects of GNPs and SMFs led to more tissular damages in rat lungs in comparison with GNPs-treated rats. Interestingly, intensity of red fluorescence signal was enhanced after exposure to SMFs indicating a higher accumulation of GNPs in rat lungs under magnetic environment. Moreover, rats coexposed to GNPs and SMFs showed an increased malondialdehyde level, a fall of CuZn-superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in comparison with GNPs-treated group. Hence, SMFs exposure increased the accumulation of GNPs in rat lungs and led to more toxic effects of these nanocomplexes. Keywords: malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue, nanotoxicity, histopathological study

  16. Livestock-Associated Methicillin Resistant and Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type (CC1 in European Farmed Animals: High Genetic Relatedness of Isolates from Italian Cattle Herds and Humans.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patricia Alba

    Full Text Available Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA Sequence Type (ST1, Clonal Complex(CC1, SCCmec V is one of the major Livestock-Associated (LA- lineages in pig farming industry in Italy and is associated with pigs in other European countries. Recently, it has been increasingly detected in Italian dairy cattle herds. The aim of this study was to analyse the differences between ST1 MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA from cattle and pig herds in Italy and Europe and human isolates. Sixty-tree animal isolates from different holdings and 20 human isolates were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE, spa-typing, SCCmec typing, and by micro-array analysis for several virulence, antimicrobial resistance, and strain/host-specific marker genes. Three major PFGE clusters were detected. The bovine isolates shared a high (≥90% to 100% similarity with human isolates and carried the same SCCmec type IVa. They often showed genetic features typical of human adaptation or present in human-associated CC1: Immune evasion cluster (IEC genes sak and scn, or sea; sat and aphA3-mediated aminoglycoside resistance. Contrary, typical markers of porcine origin in Italy and Spain, like erm(A mediated macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB, and of vga(A-mediated pleuromutilin resistance were always absent in human and bovine isolates. Most of ST(CC1 MRSA from dairy cattle were multidrug-resistant and contained virulence and immunomodulatory genes associated with full capability of colonizing humans. As such, these strains may represent a greater human hazard than the porcine strains. The zoonotic capacity of CC1 LA-MRSA from livestock must be taken seriously and measures should be implemented at farm-level to prevent spill-over.

  17. Staphylococcus aureus innate immune evasion is lineage-specific: a bioinfomatics study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McCarthy, Alex J; Lindsay, Jodi A

    2013-10-01

    Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen, and is targeted by the host innate immune system. In response, S. aureus genomes encode dozens of secreted proteins that inhibit complement, chemotaxis and neutrophil activation resulting in successful evasion of innate immune responses. These proteins include immune evasion cluster proteins (IEC; Chp, Sak, Scn), staphylococcal superantigen-like proteins (SSLs), phenol soluble modulins (PSMs) and several leukocidins. Biochemical studies have indicated that genetic variants of these proteins can have unique functions. To ascertain the scale of genetic variation in secreted immune evasion proteins, whole genome sequences of 88 S. aureus isolates, representing 25 clonal complex (CC) lineages, in the public domain were analysed across 43 genes encoding 38 secreted innate immune evasion protein complexes. Twenty-three genes were variable, with between 2 and 15 variants, and the variants had lineage-specific distributions. They include genes encoding Eap, Ecb, Efb, Flipr/Flipr-like, Hla, Hld, Hlg, Sbi, Scin-B/C and 13 SSLs. Most of these protein complexes inhibit complement, chemotaxis and neutrophil activation suggesting that isolates from each S. aureus lineage respond to the innate immune system differently. In contrast, protein complexes that lyse neutrophils (LukSF-PVL, LukMF, LukED and PSMs) were highly conserved, but can be carried on mobile genetic elements (MGEs). MGEs also encode proteins with narrow host-specificities arguing that their acquisition has important roles in host/environmental adaptation. In conclusion, this data suggests that each lineage of S. aureus evades host immune responses differently, and that isolates can adapt to new host environments by acquiring MGEs and the immune evasion protein complexes that they encode. Cocktail therapeutics that targets multiple variant proteins may be the most appropriate strategy for controlling S. aureus infections. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights

  18. Problems and Solution Proposals Related to Sheep and Goat Husbandry in Kastamonu Province

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hacer Tüfekci

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available This study was conducted by using a survey made at 80 enterprises from 63 villages with the aim of determining situations, problems and solution proposals related to the sheep and goat farms in Kastamonu province. The average age of the farmers was 49.3 years. The farmers were 8.75% of primary school graduates, 68.75% of secondary school and also 22.6% of illiterate. The enterprises have raised animals as 31.75% of state + own land and 68.75%’ of private + leased land. Also they are kept the rate of 70% Hair goat, 30% Angora goat and 55% Merino sheep, 42.5% Akkaraman sheep, and 16.25% Turkmen genotype, 7.5% Sakız sheep and 6.25% of Kıvırcık Sheep. The average flock sizes goat and sheep enterprises were 77.3 head goats and 71.7 heads sheep, respectively. Sixty percent of the breeder feed their animals on the pasture for 8-10 months and only 30% the breeders give supplementary feeding before and during mating period. The enterprises have 31.2% parturition chamber and 92.5% lamb growth areas. While all enterprises are routinely used to protective vaccines but only used disinfectant of 73.7% enterprises. The reason of sheep and goat breeders is majority contributions of income and habits. So, flock sizes are small (74.5 heads animal. In conclusion, young people by encouraging small animal farming in the province of Kastamonu, should be given to technical, economic support and educational seminars. In the future, as the sole source of income and a large flock size may lead to a development of sheep and goat breeding in Kastamonu province.

  19. Interaction between nanoparticles generated by zinc chloride treatment and oxidative responses in rat liver

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Azzouz I

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Inès Azzouz, Hamdi Trabelsi, Amel Hanini, Soumaya Ferchichi, Olfa Tebourbi, Mohsen Sakly, Hafedh AbdelmelekLaboratory of Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, TunisiaAbstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the interaction of zinc chloride (3 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [ip] in rat liver in terms of the biosynthesis of nanoparticles. Zinc treatment increased zinc content in rat liver. Analysis of fluorescence revealed the presence of red fluorescence in the liver following zinc treatment. Interestingly, the co-exposure to zinc (3 mg/kg, ip and selenium (0.20 mg/L, per os [by mouth] led to a higher intensity of red fluorescence compared to zinc-treated rats. In addition, X-ray diffraction measurements carried out on liver fractions of zinc-treated rats point to the biosynthesis of zinc sulfide and/or selenide nanocomplexes at nearly 51.60 nm in size. Moreover, co-exposure led to nanocomplexes of about 72.60 nm in size. The interaction of zinc with other mineral elements (S, Se generates several nanocomplexes, such as ZnS and/or ZnSe. The nanocomplex ZnX could interact directly with enzyme activity or indirectly by the disruption of mineral elements' bioavailability in cells. Subacute zinc or selenium treatment decreased malondialdehyde levels, indicating a drop in lipid peroxidation. In addition, antioxidant enzyme assays showed that treatment with zinc or co-treatment with zinc and selenium increased the activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. Consequently, zinc complexation with sulfur and/or selenium at nanoscale level could enhance antioxidative responses, which is correlated to the ratio of number of ZnX nanoparticles (X=sulfur or X=selenium to malondialdehyde level in rat liver.Keywords: nanocomplexes biosynthesis, antioxidative responses, X-ray diffraction, fluorescence microscopy, liver

  20. Oral cancer malnutrition impacts weight and quality of life.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gellrich, Nils-Claudius; Handschel, Jörg; Holtmann, Henrik; Krüskemper, Gertrud

    2015-03-27

    Diet is important for both quality of life (QoL) and survival of patients with oral cancer. Their intake of food is impeded by functional restrictions in chewing and swallowing. In the DÖSAK REHAB STUDY 1652 patients from 38 hospitals within the German-language area of Germany; Austria and Switzerland were examined with regard to functional and psychological variables having an impact on diet. Chewing and swallowing are correlated with mobility of the tongue and the mandible as well as opening of the mouth. Thirty five percent of the patients lost weight; 41% maintained their weight and 24% gained weight. The QoL of patients who were able to maintain their weight and of those who gained weight was significantly better than that of patients who lost weight. A normal diet was important for maintaining weight. Mashed food; liquid food and loss of appetite were closely associated with loss of weight; although it was possible for nutritional counseling and dietary support to be implemented particularly favorably in this respect. Due to problems with eating patients' strength deteriorated; thus restricting activity. Radiotherapy had a negative impact on diet and weight. It influenced sense of taste; dryness of the mouth; swelling and discomfort when ingesting food. Pain and scars in the region of the operation also cause patients to dislike hard; spicy and sour food. Support from a nutritional counselor in implementing a calorie-rich diet remedied this and such support needs to be integrated into patient management. The fact that a poor nutritional status is of such great importance is well-known; but what is often lacking is the systematic implementation of continued professional nutritional counseling over a long period of time; weight control and psycho-social support of the operated patients; particularly those who also have had radiotherapy.

  1. Operational Challenges in Gas-To-Liquid (GTL) Transportation Through Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Godwin A. Chukwu; Santanu Khataniar; Shirish Patil; Abhijit Dandekar

    2006-06-30

    Oil production from Alaskan North Slope oil fields has steadily declined. In the near future, ANS crude oil production will decline to such a level (200,000 to 400,000 bbl/day) that maintaining economic operation of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) will require pumping alternative products through the system. Heavy oil deposits in the West Sak and Ugnu formations are a potential resource, although transporting these products involves addressing important sedimentation issues. One possibility is the use of Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) technology. Estimated recoverable gas reserves of 38 trillion cubic feet (TCF) on the North Slope of Alaska can be converted to liquid with GTL technology and combined with the heavy oils for a product suitable for pipeline transport. Issues that could affect transport of this such products through TAPS include pumpability of GTL and crude oil blends, cold restart of the pipeline following a prolonged winter shutdown, and solids deposition inside the pipeline. This study examined several key fluid properties of GTL, crude oil and four selected blends under TAPS operating conditions. Key measurements included Reid Vapor Pressure, density and viscosity, PVT properties, and solids deposition. Results showed that gel strength is not a significant factor for the ratios of GTL-crude oil blend mixtures (1:1; 1:2; 1:3; 1:4) tested under TAPS cold re-start conditions at temperatures above - 20 F, although Bingham fluid flow characteristics exhibited by the blends at low temperatures indicate high pumping power requirements following prolonged shutdown. Solids deposition is a major concern for all studied blends. For the commingled flow profile studied, decreased throughput can result in increased and more rapid solid deposition along the pipe wall, resulting in more frequent pigging of the pipeline or, if left unchecked, pipeline corrosion.

  2. Livestock-Associated Methicillin Resistant and Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type (CC)1 in European Farmed Animals: High Genetic Relatedness of Isolates from Italian Cattle Herds and Humans.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alba, Patricia; Feltrin, Fabiola; Cordaro, Gessica; Porrero, María Concepción; Kraushaar, Britta; Argudín, María Angeles; Nykäsenoja, Suvi; Monaco, Monica; Stegger, Marc; Aarestrup, Frank M; Butaye, Patrick; Franco, Alessia; Battisti, Antonio

    2015-01-01

    Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Sequence Type (ST)1, Clonal Complex(CC)1, SCCmec V is one of the major Livestock-Associated (LA-) lineages in pig farming industry in Italy and is associated with pigs in other European countries. Recently, it has been increasingly detected in Italian dairy cattle herds. The aim of this study was to analyse the differences between ST1 MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) from cattle and pig herds in Italy and Europe and human isolates. Sixty-tree animal isolates from different holdings and 20 human isolates were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), spa-typing, SCCmec typing, and by micro-array analysis for several virulence, antimicrobial resistance, and strain/host-specific marker genes. Three major PFGE clusters were detected. The bovine isolates shared a high (≥90% to 100%) similarity with human isolates and carried the same SCCmec type IVa. They often showed genetic features typical of human adaptation or present in human-associated CC1: Immune evasion cluster (IEC) genes sak and scn, or sea; sat and aphA3-mediated aminoglycoside resistance. Contrary, typical markers of porcine origin in Italy and Spain, like erm(A) mediated macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB, and of vga(A)-mediated pleuromutilin resistance were always absent in human and bovine isolates. Most of ST(CC)1 MRSA from dairy cattle were multidrug-resistant and contained virulence and immunomodulatory genes associated with full capability of colonizing humans. As such, these strains may represent a greater human hazard than the porcine strains. The zoonotic capacity of CC1 LA-MRSA from livestock must be taken seriously and measures should be implemented at farm-level to prevent spill-over.

  3. Citations Prize 2009 Citations Prize 2009

    Science.gov (United States)

    Webb, Steve; Harris, Simon

    2009-12-01

    Physics in Medicine & Biology (PMB) awards its 'Citations Prize' to the authors of the original research paper that has received the most citations in the preceding five years (according to the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)). The lead author of the winning paper is presented with the Rotblat Medal (named in honour of Professor Sir Joseph Rotblat who was the second—and longest serving—Editor of PMB, from 1961-1972). The winning co-authors each receive a certificate. Photograph of the 2009 Citations Prize winners Some of the winning authors with their certificates, and Christian Morel with the Rotblat Medal, at the award ceremony in Orsay, near Paris. From left to right are Corinne Groiselle, Lydia Maigne, David Brasse, Irène Buvat, Dimitris Visvikis, Giovanni Santin, Uwe Pietrzyk, Pierre-François Honore, Christian Morel, Sébastien Jan and Arion Chatziioannou. The winner of the 2009 Citations Prize for the paper which has received the most citations in the previous 5 years (2004-2008) is GATE: a simulation toolkit for PET and SPECT Authors: S Jan, G Santin, D Strul, S Staelens, K Assié, D Autret, S Avner, R Barbier, M Bardiès, P M Bloomfield, D Brasse, V Breton, P Bruyndonckx, I Buvat, A F Chatziioannou, Y Choi, Y H Chung, C Comtat, D Donnarieix, L Ferrer, S J Glick, C J Groiselle, D Guez, P-F Honore, S Kerhoas-Cavata, A S Kirov, V Kohli, M Koole, M Krieguer, D J van der Laan, F Lamare, G Largeron, C Lartizien, D Lazaro, M C Maas, L Maigne, F Mayet, F Melot, C Merheb, E Pennacchio, J Perez, U Pietrzyk, F R Rannou, M Rey, D R Schaart, C R Schmidtlein, L~Simon, T Y Song, J-M Vieira, D Visvikis, R Van de Walle, E Wieörs and C Morel Reference: S Jan et al 2004 Phys. Med. Biol. 49 4543-61 Since its publication in 2004 this article has received over 200 citations. This extremely high figure is a testament to the great influence and usefulness of the work to the nuclear medicine community. More discussion of the winning paper can be found on

  4. Antifungal activity of redox-active benzaldehydes that target cellular antioxidation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mahoney Noreen

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Disruption of cellular antioxidation systems should be an effective method for control of fungal pathogens. Such disruption can be achieved with redox-active compounds. Natural phenolic compounds can serve as potent redox cyclers that inhibit microbial growth through destabilization of cellular redox homeostasis and/or antioxidation systems. The aim of this study was to identify benzaldehydes that disrupt the fungal antioxidation system. These compounds could then function as chemosensitizing agents in concert with conventional drugs or fungicides to improve antifungal efficacy. Methods Benzaldehydes were tested as natural antifungal agents against strains of Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus, A. terreus and Penicillium expansum, fungi that are causative agents of human invasive aspergillosis and/or are mycotoxigenic. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was also used as a model system for identifying gene targets of benzaldehydes. The efficacy of screened compounds as effective chemosensitizers or as antifungal agents in formulations was tested with methods outlined by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI. Results Several benzaldehydes are identified having potent antifungal activity. Structure-activity analysis reveals that antifungal activity increases by the presence of an ortho-hydroxyl group in the aromatic ring. Use of deletion mutants in the oxidative stress-response pathway of S. cerevisiae (sod1Δ, sod2Δ, glr1Δ and two mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK mutants of A. fumigatus (sakAΔ, mpkCΔ, indicates antifungal activity of the benzaldehydes is through disruption of cellular antioxidation. Certain benzaldehydes, in combination with phenylpyrroles, overcome tolerance of A. fumigatus MAPK mutants to this agent and/or increase sensitivity of fungal pathogens to mitochondrial respiration inhibitory agents. Synergistic chemosensitization greatly lowers minimum inhibitory (MIC or fungicidal (MFC

  5. Genetic composition and connectivity of the Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) in Panama

    Science.gov (United States)

    Díaz-Ferguson, Edgardo; Hunter, Margaret; Guzmán, Héctor M.

    2017-01-01

    Genetic diversity and haplotype composition of the West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus) population from the San San Pond Sak wetland in Bocas del Toro, Panama was studied using a segment of mitochondrial DNA (D’loop). No genetic information has been published to date for Panamanian populations. Due to the secretive behavior and small population size of the species in the area, DNA extraction was conducted from opportunistically collected fecal (N=20), carcass tissue (N=4) and bone (N=4) samples. However, after DNA processing only 10 samples provided good quality DNA for sequencing (3 fecal, 4 tissue and 3 bone samples). We found three haplotypes in total; two of these haplotypes are reported for the first time, J02 (N=3) and J03 (N=4), and one J01 was previously published (N=3). Genetic diversity showed similar values to previous studies conducted in other Caribbean regions with moderate values of nucleotide diversity (π= 0.00152) and haplotipic diversity (Hd= 0.57). Connectivity assessment was based on sequence similarity, genetic distance and genetic differentiation between San San population and other manatee populations previously studied. The J01 haplotype found in the Panamanian population is shared with populations in the Caribbean mainland and the Gulf of Mexico showing a reduced differentiation corroborated with Fst value between HSSPS and this region of 0.0094. In contrast, comparisons between our sequences and populations in the Eastern Caribbean (South American populations) and North Western Caribbean showed fewer similarities (Fst =0.049 and 0.058, respectively). These results corroborate previous phylogeographic patterns already established for manatee populations and situate Panamanian populations into the Belize and Mexico cluster. In addition, these findings will be a baseline for future studies and comparisons with manatees in other areas of Panama and Central America. These results should be considered to inform management decisions

  6. Effects of Biochar and Lime on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Tobacco Seedling Growth in Red Soil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ZHU Pan

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Red soil, mainly found in the southern China, is developed in a warm, moist climate. The main property of the soils is strong acidity, aluminum toxicity, and low available nutrients. In this study, different effects of biochar and lime on soil physicochemical properties and tobacco growth were determined in red soil, so as to provide a scientific foundation for soil improvement tobacco field. A pot experiment was designed and conducted at four biochar levels(0, 0.5%, 1%, 2% and normal lime level (0.3% to study effects of two different soil amendments on red soil pH, exchangeable aluminum(Exc-Al and exchangeable manganese(Exc-Mn, available nutrients and organic carbon (SOC. Meanwhile, agronomic traits, biomass and leaves elements of tobacco were also tested. Results showed that the agronomic characters and biomass of tobacco seedling had changed effectively after biochar or lime was added. Under 0.5%, 1% biochar treatment, the content of nitrogen(N, phosphorus(P, potassium(K, calcium(Ca and magnesium(Mg in tobacco leaves substantially raised. However, when 2% biochar was applied, leaves N content declined by 9.3%. Compared with the control, leaves N, P and Ca content increased observably in the lime treatment. However, its K and Mg content decreased by 9.0% and 13.3% respectively. Alkaline nitrogen(SAN, available phosphorus (SAP, available potassium (SAK, and exchangeable calcium (Exc-Ca and exchangeable magnesium (Exc-Mg were improved obviously in soil applied with biochar. Only the content of Exc-Ca was significantly increased in lime treatment. In addition, it was beneficial to improve soil pH and reduce soil Exc-Al when biochar or lime had been used. Thus, both biochar and lime are propitious to increase soil pH value, lessen soil Exc-Al content, and improve the growth of tobacco seedling. Furthermore, biochar application also can raise the content of available nutrient and SOC in red soil.

  7. A Livestock-Associated, Multidrug-Resistant, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Complex 97 Lineage Spreading in Dairy Cattle and Pigs in Italy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Feltrin, Fabiola; Alba, Patricia; Kraushaar, Britta; Ianzano, Angela; Argudín, María Angeles; Di Matteo, Paola; Porrero, María Concepción; Aarestrup, Frank M; Butaye, Patrick; Franco, Alessia; Battisti, Antonio

    2016-02-01

    Pandemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clonal complex 97 (CC97) lineages originated from livestock-to-human host jumps. In recent years, CC97 has become one of the major MRSA lineages detected in Italian farmed animals. The aim of this study was to characterize and analyze differences in MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) mainly of swine and bovine origins. Forty-seven CC97 isolates, 35 MRSA isolates, and 6 MSSA isolates from different Italian pig and cattle holdings; 5 pig MRSA isolates from Germany; and 1 human MSSA isolate from Spain were characterized by macrorestriction pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), spa typing, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, and antimicrobial resistance pattern analysis. Virulence and resistance genes were investigated by PCR and microarray analysis. Most of the isolates were of SCCmec type V (SCCmec V), except for two German MRSA isolates (SCCmec III). Five main clusters were identified by PFGE, with the German isolates (clusters I and II) showing 60.5% similarity with the Italian isolates, most of which (68.1%) grouped into cluster V. All CC97 isolates were Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) negative, and a few (n = 7) tested positive for sak or scn. All MRSA isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR), and the main features were erm(B)- or erm(C)-mediated (n = 18) macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance, vga(A)-mediated (n = 37) pleuromutilin resistance, fluoroquinolone resistance (n = 33), tet(K) in 32/37 tet(M)-positive isolates, and blaZ in almost all MRSA isolates. Few host-associated differences were detected among CC97 MRSA isolates: their extensive MDR nature in both pigs and dairy cattle may be a consequence of a spillback from pigs of a MRSA lineage that originated in cattle as MSSA and needs further investigation. Measures should be implemented at the farm level to prevent spillover to humans in intensive farming

  8. Mis on peidus hariduse ajaloos? : haridus on seotud võimuga ja kuskil ei tule see esile nii selgelt kui Baltikumis / intervjueerinud Liina Lukas ; saksa keelest tõlkinud Reet Bender, Liina Uudelt ja Triinu Saks

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2016-01-01

    Vestlusringis osalejad Heinrich Bosse, Jürgen Joachimsthaler, Gert von Pistohlkors, Silke Pasewalck, Kaspar Renner ja Marju Luts-Sootak selgitavad Tartu ja Marburgi ülikooli koostöös toimuva rahvusvahelise konverentsi "Baltimaised haridusteed" ("Baltische Bildungsgescichte(n)") 20.-22.09.2016 eesmärke ja teemat

  9. NapA Mediates a Redox Regulation of the Antioxidant Response, Carbon Utilization and Development in Aspergillus nidulans

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ariann E. Mendoza-Martínez

    2017-03-01

    that SakA-AtfA, SrrA and NapA oxidative stress-sensing pathways regulate essential aspects of spore physiology (i.e., cell cycle arrest, dormancy, drug production and detoxification, and carbohydrate utilization.

  10. Sexual Inhibition is a Vulnerability Factor for Orgasm Problems in Women.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tavares, Inês M; Laan, Ellen T M; Nobre, Pedro J

    2018-03-01

    development of clinical strategies to address and regulate them is recommended. Although this study investigated a large community sample, this sample was composed of heterosexual, relatively young women and thus generalization of the present results demands some caution. Social desirability was controlled for in the analyses and questionnaires were not collected face to face, which constitutes a strength of this study because social desirability is lower in self-administered online questionnaires compared with paper-and-pencil questionnaires, particularly for more sensitive sexual issues. SIS1 was found to be a vulnerability factor for female orgasmic difficulties. Future research should test these findings with different samples, particularly clinical samples of women with orgasmic problems, preferably with the use of longitudinal designs. Tavares IM, Laan ETM, Nobre PJ. Sexual Inhibition is a Vulnerability Factor for Orgasm Problems in Women. J Sex Med 2018;15:361-372. Copyright © 2018 International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  11. Cognitive-Affective Dimensions of Female Orgasm: The Role of Automatic Thoughts and Affect During Sexual Activity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tavares, Inês M; Laan, Ellen T M; Nobre, Pedro J

    2017-06-01

    of automatic thoughts and of positive emotions experienced during sexual activity. Data were not collected face to face, which constitutes a strength of this study, because it is known that social desirability is lower in self-administered online questionnaires compared with traditional paper-and-pencil questionnaires, particularly for more sensitive sexual issues. The fact that the sample was composed of heterosexual, premenopausal, and relatively young women demands some caution regarding generalization of the present results. The findings support the contribution of cognitive and affective factors to female orgasmic functioning. It is recommended that future research confirm these findings with other samples, particularly clinical samples of women with orgasmic difficulties. Tavares IM, Laan ETM, Nobre PJ. Cognitive-Affective Dimensions of Female Orgasm: The Role of Automatic Thoughts and Affect During Sexual Activity. J Sex Med 2017;14:818-828. Copyright © 2017 International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  12. Praktik Pemikiran Inklusif-Sosial KH M Sholeh Bahruddin Ngalah sebagai Manifestasi Pendidikan Multikultural Pesantren

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M Anang Sholikhudin

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Dalam sejarah hidupnya, praktik pemikiran inklusif-sosial Kiai Sholeh sangat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa hal. Pertama, atas perintah ayahanda dengan pesan seperti berikut: “sak temene dek pasar, dek masjid, dek dalan, kabeh iku dulurmu (sesungguhnya baik di pasar, di masjid, maupun di jalanan, di seluruh tempat itu ada saudaramu.” Kedua, penerapan teori Abraham, yakni mencontoh perilaku ayahanda KH M Bahruddin Kalam (almarhum dan juga perilaku kakek KH M Kalam (almarhum. Ketiga, praktik dari rukun Tarekat Naqshabandiyah pada poin kelima dan keenam, yakni “ambugusi kabeh konco, cilik gede, lanang wadon, enom tuo, lan ambagusi kabeh makhluk (bergaul secara baik dengan semua teman, baik kecil maupun besar, laki-laki maupun perempuan, muda maupun tua, dan bergaul secara baik dengan semua makhluk.” Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada praktik pemikiran inklusif-sosial KH M Sholeh Bahruddin dengan model studi kasus, pendekatan yang dipakai adalah expose facto. Data diambil melalui observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa praktik pemikiran inklusif-sosial KH.. M. Sholeh Bahruddin sebenarnya mempertemukan misi perintah masing-masing agama (Islam, Kristen, Katolik, Budha dan Konghucu untuk membangun perdamaian, keamanan dan memelihara kasih sayang bersama-sama dan meminimalisir terjadinya konflik agama. || In the history of his life, the practice of inclusive social thought by Kiai Sholeh greatly influenced by several things. First, on the orders of his father with the following message: “In the markets, in the mosques, as well as on the streets, all over the places there are your brothers.” Secondly, the application of Abraham’s theory, which was practiced by KH M Bahruddin Kalam, the father (deceased of Kiai Sholeh, as well as KH M Kalam, the grandfather (deceased of Kiai Sholeh. Third, the practice of the Naqshabandi pillars that say: “being good with all friends, both small and great, both men and women, young

  13. Phase Behavior, Solid Organic Precipitation, and Mobility Characterization Studies in Support of Enhanced Heavy Oil Recovery on the Alaska North Slope

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Shirish Patil; Abhijit Dandekar; Santanu Khataniar

    2008-12-31

    amount of geographically diverse data, it is not possible to develop a comprehensive predictive model. Based on the comprehensive phase behavior analysis of Alaska North Slope crude oil, a reservoir simulation study was carried out to evaluate the performance of a gas injection enhanced oil recovery technique for the West Sak reservoir. It was found that a definite increase in viscous oil production can be obtained by selecting the proper injectant gas and by optimizing reservoir operating parameters. A comparative analysis is provided, which helps in the decision-making process.

  14. Healthcare- and Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Fatal Pneumonia with Pediatric Deaths in Krasnoyarsk, Siberian Russia: Unique MRSA's Multiple Virulence Factors, Genome, and Stepwise Evolution

    Science.gov (United States)

    Khokhlova, Olga E.; Hung, Wei-Chun; Wan, Tsai-Wen; Iwao, Yasuhisa; Takano, Tomomi; Higuchi, Wataru; Yachenko, Svetlana V.; Teplyakova, Olga V.; Kamshilova, Vera V.; Kotlovsky, Yuri V.; Nishiyama, Akihito; Reva, Ivan V.; Sidorenko, Sergey V.; Peryanova, Olga V.; Reva, Galina V.; Teng, Lee-Jene; Salmina, Alla B.; Yamamoto, Tatsuo

    2015-01-01

    Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen. We herein discussed MRSA and its infections in Krasnoyarsk, Siberian Russia between 2007 and 2011. The incidence of MRSA in 3,662 subjects was 22.0% and 2.9% for healthcare- and community-associated MRSA (HA- and CA-MRSA), respectively. The 15-day mortality rates for MRSA hospital- and community-acquired pneumonia (HAP and CAP) were 6.5% and 50%, respectively. MRSA CAP cases included pediatric deaths; of the MRSA pneumonia episodes available, ≥27.3% were associated with bacteremia. Most cases of HA-MRSA examined exhibited ST239/spa3(t037)/SCCmecIII.1.1.2 (designated as ST239Kras), while all CA-MRSA cases examined were ST8/spa1(t008)/SCCmecIV.3.1.1(IVc) (designated as ST8Kras). ST239Kras and ST8Kras strongly expressed cytolytic peptide (phenol-soluble modulin α, PSMα; and δ-hemolysin, Hld) genes, similar to CA-MRSA. ST239Kras pneumonia may have been attributed to a unique set of multiple virulence factors (MVFs): toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), elevated PSMα/Hld expression, α-hemolysin, the staphylococcal enterotoxin SEK/SEQ, the immune evasion factor SCIN/SAK, and collagen adhesin. Regarding ST8Kras, SEA was included in MVFs, some of which were common to ST239Kras. The ST239Kras (strain OC3) genome contained: a completely unique phage, φSa7-like (W), with no att repetition; S. aureus pathogenicity island SaPI2R, the first TSST-1 gene-positive (tst+) SaPI in the ST239 lineage; and a super copy of IS256 (≥22 copies/genome). ST239Kras carried the Brazilian SCCmecIII.1.1.2 and United Kingdom-type tst. ST239Kras and ST8Kras were MDR, with the same levofloxacin resistance mutations; small, but transmissible chloramphenicol resistance plasmids spread widely enough to not be ignored. These results suggest that novel MDR and MVF+ HA- and CA-MRSA (ST239Kras and ST8Kras) emerged in Siberian Russia (Krasnoyarsk) associated with fatal pneumonia, and also with ST

  15. COST EFFECT OF BACKWARD GROWTH ON SUPPLY CHAIN IN THE INDUSTRIAL CATERING

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kudret GÜL

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Abstract: In order to get competition advantage, reducing cost even a point is more essential in the industrial catering. The study focused on cost benefits of the backward growth among industrial catering firms in the supply chain. Thus, a survey was conducted on 7 backwards growth firms and 20 traditional working firms in the supply chain. Research results indicate that backwards growth decision of firms resulted positively with increase in stability of supply, competitiveness, firm’s market share, financial risk, firm’s profit and innovation, and negatively in coordination problems. In addition, backwards growth resulted with decrease in supply and inventory cost among vertical mergered firms in the supply chain. Competition in the industry, caterer and supplier relations, capacity utilization, advantages and disadvantages of backgrowth has been also investigated. Öz: Endüstriyel yiyecek işletmeciliğinde rekabet avantajı elde edebilmek için maliyetleri bir birim dahi azaltmak oldukça önemlidir. Çalışma, endüstriyel yiyecek işletmeleri arasında geriye doğru büyümenin maliyet kazanımlarına odaklanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda tedarik zincirinde geleneksel olarak çalışan 20 firma ile geriye doğru büyüyen 7 firmaya yönelik bir araştırma yürütülmüştür. Araştırma bulguları firmaların geriye doğru büyüme kararının tedarikte istikrarı, rekabeti, pazar payını, finansal riski, firma karını ve yenilikçiliği olumlu yönde, koordinasyon sorunlarını ise olumsuz yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Araştırma bulguları geriye doğru büyümenin dikey olarak büyüyen firmalar arasında tedarik ve stok maliyetlerinde de azalma ile sonuçlandığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca çalışmada sektördeki rekabet, tedarikçi ve alıcı ilişkileri, kapasite kullanımı, geriye doğru büyümenin üstünlükleri ve sakıncaları da araştırılmıştır.

  16. Cordia Sebestena Tohumunun ve Tohum Yağının Besinsel Özellikleri ve Potansiyel Değeri (İngilizce

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    Foluso O. Agunbiade

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Az kullanılan hammaddelerin geliştirilmesinin ivme kazanması ile iyi bilinen tohum ve tohum yağlarına olan aşırı bağımlılıktan ve bunun sonucundaki yüksek maliyetten dolayı geleneksel ve endüstriyel uygulamalar için az bilinen tohum ve tohum yağları türetilmiştir. Bu nedenle Cordia sebestena tohum ve tohum yağının kullanım potansiyeli bakımından besinsel özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesine yönelik bu çalışma yapılmıştır. Tohum yağında literatürde rapor edilen çeşitli analizler kullanılarak yağ asidi profili incelenmiş ve karakterize edilmişken, tohumda ise genel bileşim, mineral bileşenler ve anti-besinsel faktörler araştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar tohumun iyi bir yağ (%40.3 ± 0.8 ve protein (%11.5 ± 0.6 kaynağı olabileceğini göstermektedir. Tohum aynı zamanda Mg, Ca ve Na benzeri bazı makro-elementler ile esansiyel bir mikro-element olan Zn kaynağı olabilir. Anti-besinlerden fitat, tanen ve oksalat içeriği yüksektir ve gıdalarda tohumun kullanımı sakıncalı olabilir. Bu maddeler belki geleneksel gıda işleme yöntemleri ile giderilebilir. Tohum yağının özellikleri onun alkid reçine sentezinde, biyodizel ve sabun üretiminde kullanışlı olabileceğini göstermektedir. Yağ asidi profili toplam yağın %71.1 oranında insan tüketimi için iyi bir yağ asidi olan oleik asiti (C18:1 ağırlıklı olarak bulundurduğunu göstermektedir. Cordia sebestena tohumu ve tohum yağının önemli kullanım alanları olabileceği görülmüştür, ancak tohum yağının aminoasit profili ve anti-besinler üzerine geleneksel işlemlerin etkileri konularında daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

  17. The Danish Testicular Cancer database

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daugaard G

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available Gedske Daugaard,1 Maria Gry Gundgaard Kier,1 Mikkel Bandak,1 Mette Saksø Mortensen,1 Heidi Larsson,2 Mette Søgaard,2 Birgitte Groenkaer Toft,3 Birte Engvad,4 Mads Agerbæk,5 Niels Vilstrup Holm,6 Jakob Lauritsen1 1Department of Oncology 5073, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, 3Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 4Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, 5Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, 6Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark Aim: The nationwide Danish Testicular Cancer database consists of a retrospective research database (DaTeCa database and a prospective clinical database (Danish Multidisciplinary Cancer Group [DMCG] DaTeCa database. The aim is to improve the quality of care for patients with testicular cancer (TC in Denmark, that is, by identifying risk factors for relapse, toxicity related to treatment, and focusing on late effects. Study population: All Danish male patients with a histologically verified germ cell cancer diagnosis in the Danish Pathology Registry are included in the DaTeCa databases. Data collection has been performed from 1984 to 2007 and from 2013 onward, respectively. Main variables and descriptive data: The retrospective DaTeCa database contains detailed information with more than 300 variables related to histology, stage, treatment, relapses, pathology, tumor markers, kidney function, lung function, etc. A questionnaire related to late effects has been conducted, which includes questions regarding social relationships, life situation, general health status, family background, diseases, symptoms, use of medication, marital status, psychosocial issues, fertility, and sexuality. TC survivors alive on October 2014 were invited to fill in this questionnaire including 160 validated questions

  18. “Cihanda Türk” Ve “Şarkımız” Şiirlerinin Varlıkbilim Açısından / Ontolojik Açıdan Karşılaştırılması Ontological Comparison Of “Cihanda Türk” And “Şarkimiz” Poems

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Salim DURUKOĞLU

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available According to Gustave Lanson, since three-quarters of personalityof even the most authentic authors is composed of borrowed elementsas the synthesis of past generations and literary movements; thehorizons of every poet or writer involve other literary texts writtenpreviously by other poets or writers. In a mythological context, the onlyperson who knows whether something has been uttered before is Hz.Adem or his spouse Hz. Havva. Civilization is defined as the greatestsynthesis of thought humanity has attained. It is not possible that anauthor would not confront with other authors, discover and appropriatethem just like it is not possible for cultures which do not confront otherricher cultures and civilizations and benefit them to develop andadvance to the level of civilization. Within these network of relations, wecan arrive to the deduction and definition that authorship (poesy withinthe scope of our text is the greatest synthesis of thought an authorattains.The interaction between writers is both normal and interestingenough to consider, and an important field of study in comparativeliterature. In this paper, the poem Cihanda Türk (Turk in the world byBekir Sıtkı Erdoğan and Şarkımız (Our song by Necip Fazıl Kısakürekwere compared from an ontological perspective. In the paper shorthistory of comparative literature was given and meaning strata inliterary work was summarized according to ontological method and thenfor the comparison, first the publishing processes of the poems werehandled; thus authentic texts were reached; next assessments weredone by analyzing the literary strata interwoven in the literary work asentity strata such as sound strata, meaning strata, and differentschematic views strata. As a result, the boundaries of similaritiesbetween two poems were detected without aiming at grading ordegrading them; general conclusions were made about which of theconcepts such as allusion, imitation, quotation, indirect citation

  19. Inverse modeling of GOSAT-retrieved ratios of total column CH4 and CO2 for 2009 and 2010

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    S. Pandey

    2016-04-01

    over Australia and in the tropics. The ratio method stays closer to the a priori CH4 flux in these regions, because it is capable of simultaneously adjusting the CO2 fluxes. Over tropical South America, comparison to independent measurements shows that CO2 fields derived from the ratio method are less realistic than those used in the proxy method. However, the CH4 fluxes are more realistic, because the impact of unaccounted systematic uncertainties is more evenly distributed between CO2 and CH4. The ratio inversion estimates an enhanced CO2 release from tropical South America during the dry season of 2010, which is in accordance with the findings of Gatti et al. (2014 and Van der Laan et al. (2015. The performance of the ratio method is encouraging, because despite the added nonlinearity due to the assimilation of Xratio and the significant increase in the degree of freedom by optimizing CO2 fluxes, still consistent results are obtained with respect to other CH4 inversions.

  20. TÜRKİYEDEKİ ULAŞTIRMA SİSTEMLERİNİN ANALİZİ VE ULAŞTIRMA POLİTİKALARI

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ali Payıdar AKGÜNGÖR

    2004-03-01

    Full Text Available Sosyo-ekonomik ve sosyo-kültürel yapılaşmanın doğal bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan ulaştırma talebi değerlendirilirken, ulaştırma sistemlerinin bir bütün olarak ele alınarak incelenmesi gereklidir. Gerek yolcu, gerekse yük taşımacılığı için seçilecek olan ulaştırma sisteminin hızlı, ekonomik, güvenli, çevreye az zarar veren ve ülke koşullarına uygun bir ulaştırma sisteminin olması arzu edilir. Ancak bir sistemin, sıralanan bu hususların hepsini birden bünyesinde toplaması oldukça zordur. Her sistemin birbirlerine göre üstünlükleri ve sakıncaları vardır. Bu nedenledir ki, büyük yatırımlar ülke genelinde tesis edilirken ileriye yönelik çok kapsamlı planlamalar yapılmalıdır. Ayrıca ülke kaynaklarının ulaştırma sistemleri arasında akılcı bir şekilde nasıl dağıtılması gerektiği araştırılmalı ve ulaştırma sistemleri arasında koordineli çalışmayı sağlayacak bir ulaşım planı hazırlanmalıdır. Bu planın başarısı ise hiç kuşkusuz sistemlerden birine ağırlık vermek yerine kombine taşımacılık ile mümkün olacaktır. Ülkemizin üç yanı denizlerle çevrili iken deniz yolu ile yapılan taşımacılığın % 1 seviyesinin çok altında olması ve karayolu ile yapılan yük ve yolcu taşımacılığının ise % 95 seviyelerine çıkması Türkiye'deki ulaştırma politikalarının sorgulanması gerektiğini ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu bildiride Türkiye'deki ulaştırma sistemlerinin ve ulaşım politikalarının tarihsel süreç içerisinde genel bir değerlendirmesi yapılarak sorunlar ortaya konulmakta ve çözüm önerileri sunulmaktadır.

  1. Wiedza kobiet leczących się z powodu osteoporozy na temat ogólnej wiedzy o chorobie i czynników jej ryzyka = Knowledge of women treated for osteoporosis on the general knowledge about the disease and its risk factors

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Katarzyna Pawlikowska-Łagód

    2016-05-01

    3Department of Pathology and Speech Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin           mgr Pawlikowska-Łagód Katarzyna1, dr n. o zdr. Janiszewska Mariola2, mgr Firlej Ewelina2, Dąbska Olga3, dr hab. n med. Sak Jarosław1 1Zakład Etyki i Filozofii Człowieka, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie 2Katedra Zdrowia Publicznego, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie 3Zakład Patologii i Rehabilitacji Mowy, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie   mgr Pawlikowska-Łagód Katarzyna1, dr n. o zdr. Janiszewska Mariola2, mgr Firlej Ewelina2, Dąbska Olga3, dr hab. n med. Sak Jarosław1 1Department of Ethics and Human Philosophy, Medical University of Lublin, Poland 2Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Lublin, Poland 3Department of Pathology and Speech Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin           Słowa kluczowe: wiedza, osteoporoza, kobiety, czynniki ryzyka Keywords: knowledge, osteoporosis, women, risk factors   Streszczenie Osteoporoza stanowi jeden z istotnych problemów zdrowotnych, społecznych i ekonomicznych współczesnego świata. Jest chorobą obarczoną ryzykiem trwałego kalectwa i z powodu powikłań wcześniejszej śmiertelności.  Ryzyko zachorowania, dotyczące kobiet wzrasta głównie po 65 roku życia. Szacuje się, że na całym świecie osteoporoza dotyka 200 mln kobiet, z których około 20 – 25% dozna urazu w postaci złamania kości. Biorąc pod uwagę fakt wydłużenia życia statystycznej Polki, należy zauważyć, że spowoduje to wzrost liczby kobiet chorujących na osteoporozę oraz złamań będących jej następstwem. Zwiększą się koszta medyczne i  społeczne związane z leczeniem choroby i jej następstw. Bezsprzecznie możemy stwierdzić, że wiedza na temat osteoporozy a zwłaszcza czynników jej ryzyka i profilaktyki powinien być dobrze znany środowiskom związanym z opieką zdrowotną, a przede wszystkim osobom narażonym na jej rozwój i konsekwencje. W związku z powyższym zajmowanie się tematyk

  2. Volcanic history and petrography of the Pliocene Etrüsk Stratovolcano, E Turkey

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oyan, Vural; Keskin, Mehmet; Lebedev, Vladimir; Sharkov, Evgenii; Lustrino, Michele; Mattioli, Michele

    2010-05-01

    rhyolite. All these units and also caldera walls are cut by a set of radial dykes. Both trachydacitic/rhyolitic lavas and radial dykes are made up of plagioclase, biotite and quartz phenocrysts. Some textures in the intermediate and felsic lavas (e.g., glass inclusions and sieve texture in plagioclase phenocrysts etc.) suggest that magma mixing might have been an important process in the magma chamber beneath Mt. Etrusk although such textures can also be related to the variations of volatile content of the magma. The Quaternary eruptions on the W flank of the Etrusk volcano are represented by plagioclase-olivine-clinopyroxene-phyric basalts. Our geochemical database indicates that the edifice-forming trachitic lavas are alkaline in character whereas overlying thracyandesites and post caldera thrachydacites/rhyolites plot on the subalkaline-alkaline divide on TAS diagram, displaying transitional characteristics. Quaternary fissure eruptions in the SW of the volcano classify as subalkaline basalts. All these lavas display enrichment in LIL and LREE elements relative to HFS and HREE respectively. These characteristics may be a reflection of the composition of mantle source region, although the effects of magma chamber processes (e.g. AFC and mixing) on magma composition cannot be ruled out. REFERENCE Şengör, A.M.C., Özeren, M.S., Keskin, M., Sakınç, M., Özbakır, A.D. and Kayan, I. (2008). Eastern Turkish high plateau as a small Turkic-type orogen: implications for post-collisional crust-forming processes in Turkic-type orogens, Earth Science Reviews, 90(1-2), 1-48.

  3. Globalization, differentiation and drinking cultures, an anthropological perspective

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    Thomas Wilson

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available L’alcool et sa consommation ne renvoient pas simplement au domaine économique. L’alcool est devenu aujourd’hui une partie intégrale des relations sociales dans différentes cultures au point où son importance globale est souvent sous-estimée par ses plus ardents critiques. En dépit de ses conséquences directes sur la santé, sa consommation a pris une certaine ampleur dans le monde industriel développé. Certainement son rôle central dans la construction des identités individuelles explique sa position clé au sein des sociétés. Que nous dit le saké à propos du Japon ou le vin de Bourgogne sur la France? Que nous dit la consommation ou l’abstinence d’alcool sur les questions d’identité individuelle, d’ethnicité, de classe et de culture? Quelle place tient l’alcool dans la définition de soi et dans la notion de résistance? Répondre à ces questions et à d’autres est le but essentiel de cet article qui examine la consommation d’alcool à travers différentes cultures et ce que boire signifie pour ceux qui choisissent de consommer ou de s’abstenir. De l’Irlande à Hong-Kong, Mexico à l’Allemagne, l’alcool occupe un certain nombre de fonctions sociales, religieuses, politiques et familiales. Les cultures du boire définissent ces consommations dans le cadre plus large des pratiques sociales et montrent comment classes sociales, ethnicité et nationalisme peuvent s’exprimer à travers cette commodité. En partant d’approches de terrain, les contributeurs analysent l’interface entre culture et pouvoir dans les bars et pubs, la signification des images publicitaires, le rôle de ces boissons dans la vie quotidienne. Le résultat est la première publication comparative sur les questions de l’impact que la consommation d’alcool a sur l’identité nationale dans le monde aujourd’hui.Alcohol is not only big business, it has become an essential part of social relations in so many cultures that

  4. Max Weber’de Etik-Siyaset İlişkisi The Relationship Of Ethics-Politics In Max Weber’s Works

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    Nihat YILMAZ

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available One of the most important problems of current societies is the problem of ethics. It is not easy to solve this ethics problem in societies where it is not considered in terms of certain moral concerns or concerns about moral problems are not seriously considered. If theproblem of ethics is present in a societal system or, more importantly,in a rulership which has the monopoly of using legitimate powers, moreserious problems can be faced. Undoubtedly, the most effective tool forpoliticians to avoid unethic behavior or overcoming corruption in ageneral sense is political ethics. In the sense of politic ethics, MaxWeber’s work “Politics as a Vocation” in the year 1919 where in Webermade ethic classification and explanations on political function of ethicsis an important work which should especially be read by currentpoliticians and still keeps its currency. As a matter of fact, in thisdeclaration, the foundation is, firstly, how Weber defines the concept of“ethics”, and how the relationship between ethics and politics isestablished according to Weber. Information is provided as to howpolitical newcomers should be acting, and in this sense, the duo of“ethics of belief” and “ethics of responsibility”, which holds an importantplace on how explanation of the relationship between ethics andpolitics, is touched upon. Günümüz toplumlarının en önemli sorunlarından biri, etik sorunudur. Etik probleminin ahlaki birtakım kaygılardan yola çıkarak düşünülmediği ya da ahlaki problemlere ilişkin kaygıların çok da ciddiye alınmadığı toplumlarda çözülmesi kolay değildir. Etik sorunu, toplumsal sistemde ve daha da önemlisi meşru güç kullanma tekelini elinde bulunduran bir iktidarda söz konusu ise daha büyük sorunlarla karşılaşılabilir. Politikacıların etik olmayan davranışlardan sakınmaları ya da genel manada siyasi yolsuzlukların üstesinden gelinebilmesinde en etkili araç ise şüphesiz siyasal

  5. Effektive representasjoner? Forventninger til og bekymringer for forskning på befruktede egg

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    Marie Auensen Antonsen

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available I Norge har vi hatt kontroverser omkring regulering avhumanmedisinsk bioteknologi siden 1980-tallet. Denneartikkelen analyserer et lite utsnitt av disse reguleringsdebattene,nærmere bestemt kontroversen omkring forskningpå befruktede egg. Med utgangspunkt i skriftlig materialeknyttet til tre reguleringsrunder (1994, 2003/2004 og2008 undersøker vi her hvordan ulike aktører arbeidet forå ramme inn denne kontroversen, bl.a. ved hjelp av ulikevitenskapelige og politiske representasjoner av det befruktedeegget.Vi finner at det i perioden 1987–2007 ble arbeidet medulike innramminger som utgangspunkt for retoriske ogpolitiske strategier: På den ene siden ser vi forsøk på å innrammekontroversen i et risikorammeverk som først ogfremst fokuserte på de potensielle negative sidene vedhumanmedisinsk bioteknologi, og som spesielt vektlarespekten for det ufødte liv. På den andre siden ser vi atman arbeidet med en forventningsinnramming som lahovedvekten på håpet om nye behandlingsregimer foralvorlig syke mennesker.Forbudet mot forskning på befruktede egg som ble vedtatti 1987, ble opprettholdt i 1994 og 2003. Med lovendringeni 2008 fikk vi imidlertid et markant brudd i dennorske lovgivningspraksisen, da forskning på befruktedeegg ble tillatt på visse premisser. Vi argumenterer for at den viktigste årsaken til denne lovendringen var Mehmet-saken, en sak som medførtesåkalte «oversvømmelser» (Callon 1998 i begge innrammingsforsøkenesom er omtalt ovenfor. Mehmet-saken eksponerte samtidig et generelt demokratiskdilemma. Saken illustrerte hvor sårbare lovregler og etiske prinsippkan være for det som for allmennheten fremstår som helt urimelig, og dennesaken etterspør slik sett mer hybride måter å tenke forholdet mellom det universelleog det partikulære, mellom prinsipiell etikk og lekmannsskjønn, mellomfakta og verdier som utgangspunkt for politikkutforming.Nøkkelord: humanmedisinsk bioteknologi, forskning på befruktede egg

  6. Turkish Journal of Chemistry’nin Bibliyometrik Analizi / Bibliometric Analysis of Turkish Journal of Chemistry

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    Hatice Gülşen Birinci

    2008-10-01

    multiple authorships in TJC? What are the institutional affiliations of authors? Does the distribution of authors fit Bradford’s, Lotka’s and Price’s Law and 80/20 Rule? Which types of sources get cited more often in articles? Which journals are the most cited? According to cited journals what are the core journals in chemistry? With regard to impact factor, what is the place of TJC in JCR and SCI?The most productive authors are Sakıp Ali and İhsan Çalış. Distribution of authors does not fit Bradford’s, Lotka’s and Price’s Law and 80/20 Rule, but distirbution of citations fit Bradford and 80/20 Rule. Contributors affiliated with Hacettepe University, Ankara University, and Ataturk University. Journals received %82 of all citations in the TJC. Turkish Journal of Chemistry, Journal of the American Chemical Society, Phytochemistry and Journal of Organic Chemistry were the most frequently cited journals. Number of references made to TJC has been growing consistently since 1996.

  7. Akceptacja choroby kobiet leczących się z powodu osteoporozy = Acceptance of diseases of women treated for osteoporosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Katarzyna Pawlikowska-Łagód

    2016-05-01

      mgr Pawlikowska-Łagód Katarzyna, dr n. o zdr. Janiszewska Mariola, mgr Firlej Ewelina, Dąbska Olga, dr hab. n med. Sak Jarosław     Abstrakt Wprowadzenie: Współczesna medycyna oraz psychologia coraz więcej czasu poświęcają problemom związanym z osteoporozą oraz przystosowaniu się do niej. Przystosowanie się i akceptacja osteoporozy to skomplikowany proces, na, który wpływają obciążenia chorobowe, uwarunkowania zewnętrzne oraz właściwości jednostki. Akceptacja choroby dla wielu pacjentek jest problemem, z którym zmagają się przez cały okres jej trwania, zmuszając je do akceptacji niedomagań przez nią narzuconych choroby. Pojawienie się choroby ma duże znaczenie, dla jakości życia kobiet. Przede wszystkim zmuszając je do akceptacji niedomagań narzuconych przez chorobę. Cel pracy: Celem pracy było zbadanie stopnia akceptacji choroby kobiet chorujących na osteoporozę. Materiał i metody: W badaniu uczestniczyło 137 pacjentek leczących się z powodu osteoporozy. Grupę badaną stanowiły kobiety od 38-go do 91-g roku życia. Badania przeprowadzono od lutego do kwietnia 2015 roku. W pracy zastosowano kwestionariusz ankiety własnego autorstwa oraz Skalę Akceptacji Choroby (AIS autorstwa B. J. Felton, T. A. Revenson i G. A. Hinrichsen w adaptacji Z Jurczyńskiego. Wyniki: Kobiety chorujące na osteoporozę wykazują się średnim stopniem akceptacji choroby. Wiek zdiagnozowania choroby oraz wykształcenie różnicuje istotnie badane ze względu na stopień akceptacji choroby oraz problemów narzuconych przez chorobę. Wnioski: Rosnąca liczba osób chorych z powodu osteoporozy stawia przed specjalistami służby zdrowia ogromne wyzwanie. Wdrożenie skutecznych programów profilaktycznych oraz oddziaływanie na zwiększenie świadomości chorujących byłoby pomocne w zapobieganiu chorobie, ewentualnie jej akceptacji w sytuacji wystąpienia.   Abstract Introduction: Modern medicine and psychology more and spend more time

  8. Okuma Yazma Öğretimi Yöntemleri Ve “Ses Temelli Cümle Yöntemi” Uygulaması The Methods Of Teaching Reading And Writing In Turkish: Practice The Phonetic Based Method

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    Raşit KOÇ

    2012-12-01

    ğrenmede ve bu işi zevkli bir alışkanlığa dönüştürmede okuma ve yazma öğretiminde nasıl bir yol izleneceği de önem kazanmaktadır.Ülkemizde dünyadaki gelişmelere paralel olarak okuma yazma öğretiminde kullanılan yöntemler de zaman içerisinde değişmiştir. Okuma yazma öğretiminde uzun süre harf yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Harf yöntemini sırasıyla ses yöntemi, hece yöntemi kelime ve cümle yöntemi izlemiştir.Davranışçı kuram merkeze alınarak hazırlanmış olan eski Türkçe programı öğrencileri ezbere sevk ettiği, etkili ve kalıcı bir okuma alışkanlığı kazandırmada yeterli olmadığı için eleştirilere muhatap olmuştur. Zaman zaman revizyon geçiren eski program 2005 yılında yerini yeni programa bırakmıştır.Temel felsefesini yapılandırmacı yaklaşımın oluşturduğu yeni Türkçe programında okuma yazma öğretim yöntemi olarak ses temelli cümle yöntemi benimsenmiştir. Bu yöntemle beraber dik temel harflerle yapılan yazı öğretimi yerine bitişik eğik yazı kullanılmaya başlanmıştır.Bu çalışmada, okuma yazma öğretiminde günümüze kadar kullanılan yöntemler ve bu yöntemlerin faydalı ve sakıncalı yönleri belirtildikten sonra yeni hazırlanan Türkçe programında yer alan ses temelli cümle yöntemiyle ilgili düşüncelere yer verilecektir.

  9. Bilim ve Sanat Merkezi Öğret‐menlerinin Üstün ve Özel Yetenekli Öğrenciler için Tasarlanan Doğa ve Bilim Kampı Hakkında Görüşleri (Perceptions of Science and Art Centers’ Teachers about a Nature and Science Camp Designed for Gifted and Talented Students

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    Necati Hırça

    2012-06-01

    all of them worked in the SACs. As they were aware of the situation, they stated that they needed this kind of programs and various science activities from other education faculties to improve their skills in order to teach gifted students in science.Identification, training and employment of gifted individuals significantly contribute to the development of society. Training of these individuals in every academic level will provide value-added benefits to the future of our country (BSMİDR, 2010. The lack of these condi-tions will impede or delay their self-esteem, self-perception, discipline and achievement (Sak, 2011.

  10. FRESHWATER FISH FARMING CONDITIONS IN 1999 AND THE PRODUCTION PLAN FOR 2000

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    Zlatko Homen

    2000-09-01

    at 7.945,43 tons of the freshwater fish, of which 7.173,33 tons are warm-water fish species, and 772,10 tons are cold-water species. Carp farming is the most dominante and most significant production branch in both of the years mentioned. Distribution of the produced freshwater fish was conducted as follows. The largest quantity of the produced fish was placed on the market through wholesale (48,51 percent. This was fallowed by the distribution of produced fish for reproduction purposes (plantation which comprises 40,25 percent. Retail trade claimed 4,39 percent and personal use recorded (recreatinal fishing 2,04 percent. Production losses due to diseases or other factors made up 4,81 percent of the overall production. The overall areas of the fish farms in 1999 were 11.921.06 hectares. The actual production sites made up 9.782 hectares. Compared to 1998, the overall areas decreased for 5,84 percentt, while the production sites were increased by 0,94 percent. When taking into account the production areas and the arhieved production for 1999, the fish production average for carp farming ponds was 632,63 kilograms per hectare. Of course, as we already highlighted this is the average, and according to the data provided, some fish farms arhieved cost-effective production, i. e. a produstion of over 1.000 kilograms per hectare. In trout farming ponds, the fish production average amounded to 133,17 tons per hectare. During 1999. 13.501,93 tons of fish food were used. Of this quantity, 12.553,13 tons were used in carp ponds and 948,81 tons in trout ponds. Naturally, corn is still most predominant food for carp species fish. As to the use of various raw materials, the overall amound used was 2.690,21 tons. Among the fixed assets for 1999, there were 218 boats, 74 outboard engines, 121 landing nets, 57 scatter guns. Among the accessories there were mats (known in colloquial Croatian terms as sak and meredov, receptacle for fish transport (tubs, pumps, devices for fish sorting

  11. IMPORTANT CHANGE IN RELIGIO-LEGAL STANDARDIZATION OF OTTOMAN PRODUCTS: PASSAGE TO CERTIFICATE OF THE SEAL “IT IS CLEAN/TÂHİRDİR” OSMANLI’DA ÜRÜNLERİN DİNÎ/ŞER‘Î STANDARDİZASYONUNDA DÖNÜM NOKTASI: TÂHİRDİR DAMGALI SERTİFİKASYONA GEÇİŞ

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    Mehmet YILDIZ

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available It is known that the Ottoman state implemented austere certification of products monitored by organizations such as ihtisab office/ office of the superintendent of guilds and markets and akhi office/ urban fraternity ruling over parts of Anatolia in late Seljuk and early Ottoman times. The monitoring process that was implemented based on religio-legal perspective or material quality aspect moved to an important phase with a critical decision made in modern times: The seal of “it is clean/tâhirdir” was introduced to include inedible products for the first time to be supervised by religio-legal standarts. This decision was made to protect Muslims from products that might contained harmful ingredients according to religio-legal norms. This move was made before the kosher certification that was formed within the Jewish community in America, which became a certain measure of food standart later in the world. This decision also can provide historical background for the practice of halal food certificates in the world. The notion of “it is clean” becomes more evident in the midst of today’s world where genetically modified organisms became so widespread to the level that threatens the health of human generation now. This article aims to study the relevant Ottoman official documents on this issue probably for the first time, and share them with the academic world. Osmanlı devleti ve toplumunda ürünlerin, standartları hisbe/ihtisap ve ahîlik teşkilatları gibi kurumlar vasıtasıyla denetlenen oldukça ciddi sertifikasyon uygulamasına tabi tutuldukları bilinmektedir. Gerek dinî/şer‛î boyutuyla gerekse maddi/nesnel kalite yönleriyle yürütülen bu denetleme işlemi, modern zamanlarda gerçekten çok çarpıcı bir kavşak noktasına ulaştırılmıştır: Özellikle dinî/şer‛î ölçütlerin gıda ürünleri dışındaki ürünlerde de gözetilerek Müslümanların kullanmalarında sakınca bulunmayan ürünlere t

  12. Šaukėnų šnektos veiksmažodžio asmenavimo sistema (vientisinės formos

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    Albertas Rosinas

    2011-12-01

    -stem verbs constitute a highly productive and stable class while in the subdialect there have remained only four i̯a (former i - stem verbs: tí·l̑ : ti·líeti, gál̑ : galíeti, mí·l̑ : mi·líeti  and gúl̑ : gulíeti. The verbs of the 2nd conjugation (or a-stem are also rather productive.The Šaukėnai subdialect has preserved some remnants of athematic conjugation. Some verbs are impersonal, e.g. per̃št, the others possess all personal forms derived from underlying form stems, e.g. mĩ·i̯ktu, etc.The categories in the Šaukėnai subdialect indicate a variety of symbolization.The categories of person and number are usually represented by grammatical morphemes, or endings (i.e. the morphological markers of the categories: /-u/, /-a·u/symbolize the categories of person and number, i.e.  the 1st person and the singular, /-i/, /-a· /, /-e· / -- the 2nd person and the singular /-am/, /-uom/, /-iem/, /-ma/--  the 1st person and the plural, /-at/, /-uot/, /-iet/, /-te/-- the 2nd person and the plural. The ending forms of the 3rd person represent the category of person, i.e. the 3rd person only.The article rejects the opinion, which dominates in Lithuanian linguistic literature, as if the verbal form endings could also represent the category of tense. It is complete misunderstanding, cf. sak-á·u (present and suk-á·u (past, mùš-ù (present and mùš-ù (future, etc. As evidenced by the data from the Šaukėnai subdialect, the tense can be expressed by syntactic category markers, phonological means, cf. mat-á·u and mač̑-ǽ·u, various formants (infixes, such as –n-, -st-, -s-, cf. añk and ãka, ki̲m̃b and kì̲ba, ti̲r̃pst  and ti̲r̃pa, dí̲́rbu and dí̲́rpsu, suffixes, cf. dí̲́rb-a·u and dí̲́rb-dav-a·u as well as vowel gradation, cf. ker̃t and ki̲r̃ta, etc. However, only the simple form endings of the indicative and subjunctive moods can express the mood.The forms of the subjunctive mood, alongside their specific

  13. EDITORIAL: Focus on Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors FOCUS ON DILUTE MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chambers, Scott A.; Gallagher, Bryan

    2008-05-01

    Chisholm, J D Budai and D P Norton Role of charge carriers for ferromagnetism in cobalt-doped rutile TiO2 T Fukumura, H Toyosaki, K Ueno, M Nakano and M Kawasaki Ab-initio study of exchange constants and electronic structure in diluted magnetic group-IV semiconductors Silvia Picozzi and Marjana Ležaić Phase coherent transport in (Ga,Mn)As D Neumaier, K Wagner, U Wurstbauer, M Reinwald, W Wegscheider and D Weiss Hydrogen interstitials-mediated ferromagnetism in MnxGe1-x magnetic semiconductors Xin-Xin Yao, Shi-Shen Yan, Shu-Jun Hu, Xue-Ling Lin, Chong Han, Yan-Xue Chen, Guo-Lei Liu and Liang-Mo Mei Electronic structures of magnetic semiconductors FeCr2Se4 and Fe0.5Cu0.5Cr2Se4 B I Min, Seung Su Baik, H C Choi, S K Kwon and J-S Kang Investigation of pure and Co2+-doped ZnO quantum dot electronic structures using the density functional theory: choosing the right functional Ekaterina Badaeva, Yong Feng, Daniel R Gamelin and Xiaosong Li Magnetic properties of sol-gel-derived doped ZnO as a potential ferromagnetic semiconductor: a synchrotron-based study N R S Farley, K W Edmonds, A A Freeman, G van der Laan, C R Staddon, D H Gregory and B L Gallagher Local electronic structure of Cr in the II-VI diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor Zn1-xCrxTe M Kobayashi, Y Ishida, J I Hwang, G S Song, A Fujimori, C S Yang, L Lee, H-J Lin, D J Huang, C T Chen, Y Takeda, K Terai, S-I Fujimori, T Okane, Y Saitoh, H Yamagami, K Kobayashi, A Tanaka, H Saito and K Ando Lack of ferromagnetism in n-type cobalt-doped ZnO epitaxial thin films T C Kaspar, T Droubay, S M Heald, P Nachimuthu, C M Wang, V Shutthanandan, C A Johnson, D R Gamelin and S A Chambers XMCD studies on Co and Li doped ZnO magnetic semiconductors Thomas Tietze, Milan Gacic, Gisela Schütz, Gerhard Jakob, Sebastian Brück and Eberhard Goering Ferromagnetic semiconductors and the role of disorder B W Wessels An extensive comparison of anisotropies in MBE grown (Ga,Mn)As material C Gould, S Mark, K Pappert, R G Dengel, J Wenisch, R P

  14. Kongre İzlenimleri

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yasemin Balcı

    2007-12-01

    çilere açtığı şarap mahzenleri var. Görülmeye değerdi. Kongrenin son günü, Portoya özel bir festival vardı. S. Joe festival olarak anılıyor. Bu festivalin özelliği bir nevi şaka ya da hoşgörü günü gibi olması idi. Bu festival nedeniyle Portekiz’in diğer şehirlerinden pek çok kişi şehre geldi. Her ne kadar herkes sabaha kadar sokaklarda olup eğlense de otellerde yer kalmıyor. Her tarafta rengârenk plastik çekiçler satılıyor. Çoluk çocuk, genç ihtiyar herkes bu çekiçlerden satın alıyor. Sokaklarda yanında bulunan ya da yanından geçen herkese bu çekiçle vuruyor. Kongre organizasyon komitesi de bu nedenle bizi çekiçsiz bırakmadı. Katılımcılara çekiç verdiler. Ayrıca, sokaklarda kötü koku ile özdeşleştirilen fesleğen saksıları (bizde güzel koku olarak bilinir ile çiçeklenmiş/tohuma dönmüş erkek soğanlar satılıyor. İnsanlar yapraklarını koparıp elini yanındaki-nin burnuna sürüyor. Soğanın tohumlu kısmını yüzüne kulağına vs. sürtüyor. Tüm bunlar bir nevi şaka, kimse kimseye kırılmıyor. Şehrin tüm meydanlarında konser platformları kuruluyor, herkes sokaklarda dans ediyor, Super Bock adlı bira çeşmelerinden biralar alınıp içiliyor. Ezilme tehlikesi geçirecek kadar insan seli olmasına karşın, en küçük bir taşkınlıkla karşılaşılmaması oldukça ilgimizi çekti. Gece yarısından sonra nehri baştan yaratacak şekilde yapılan havai fişek gösterisi ile havaya fırlatılan yüzlerce ateş balonları görmeye değerdi. Türkiye’den kongre katılımcıları Uzm. Dr. Özlem Ersoy Adli Tıp Kurumu Prof. Dr. Mete Gülmen Çukurova Üniversitesi Dr. Hüsniye Canan, Phd. Çukurova Üniversitesi Dr. Demet Meral Çukurova Üniversitesi Dr. Dilek Battal, Phd. Çukurova Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Yasemin Balcı Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Yard. Doç. Dr. Birol Demirel Gazi Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. Coşkun Yorulmaz İstanbul Üniversitesi Yard. Doç. Dr. Gökhan Ersoy

  15. Selective mobility, segregation and neighbourhood effects

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sanne Boschman

    2015-11-01

    and interethnic contact in the Netherlands  In Chapters 2 to 5 I study selective residential mobility and neighbourhood choice, while in Chapter 6 I study presumed neighbourhood effects mechanisms. According to the neighbourhood effects literature, one of the mechanisms through which neighbourhood effects transpire is via social interactions with neighbours (Ellen and Turner, 1997; Erbring and Young, 1979; Galster, 2012. Social interactions with natives provide ethnic minorities with the opportunity to learn the majority language, standards and values (Lazear, 1999, and with access to valuable information not present within the own ethnic network. Living in ethnic minority concentration neighbourhoods might reduce the opportunities for ethnic minorities to interact with natives and thereby hamper their integration and there life chances. Policymakers in many European countries therefore perceive concentrations of ethnic minorities as undesirable and try to create more mixed neighbourhoods (Bolt, 2009. It is, however, unclear to what extent the population composition of the residential neighbourhood determines social interactions, as people are found to increasingly have social contacts over larger areas (Boomkens, 2006. Therefore, in Chapter 6 I test whether the ethnic composition of the residential neighbourhood affects interethnic contact.  I estimate a multilevel binary logistic regression model explaining whether or not ethnic minorities have contact with native Dutch people. This regression model includes both personal characteristics and neighbourhood characteristics including the share of native Dutch people in the neighbourhood. In earlier research (Gijsberts and Dagevos, 2005; Van der Laan Bouma-Doff, 2007 ethnic minorities have been found to have less contact with natives if the share of natives in the neighbourhood is lower, however, I find no effect of the neighbourhood ethnic composition on interethnic contact. Whether ethnic minorities have contact