Immunological response of the Sub-Antarctic Notothenioid fish Eleginops maclovinus injected with two strains of Piscirickettsia salmonis.

Science.gov (United States)

Martínez, D; Díaz-Ibarrola, D; Vargas-Lagos, C; Oyarzún, R; Pontigo, J P; Muñoz, J L P; Yáñez, A J; Vargas-Chacoff, L

2018-04-01

Eleginops maclovinus is an endemic fish to Chile that lives in proximity to salmonid culture centers, feeding off of uneaten pellet and salmonid feces. Occurring in the natural environment, this interaction between native and farmed fish could result in the horizontal transmission of pathogens affecting the aquaculture industry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the innate and adaptive immune responses of E. maclovinus challenged with P. salmonis. Treatment injections (in duplicate) were as follows: control (100 μL of culture medium), wild type LF-89 strain (100 μL, 1 × 10 8 live bacteria), and antibiotic resistant strain Austral-005 (100 μL, 1 × 10 8 live bacteria). The fish were sampled at various time-points during the 35-day experimental period. The gene expression of TLRs (1, 5, and 8), NLRCs (3 and 5), C3, IL-1β, MHCII, and IgMs were significantly modulated during the experimental period in both the spleen and gut (excepting TLR1 and TLR8 spleen expressions), with tissue-specific expression profiles and punctual differences between the injected strains. Anti-P. salmonis antibodies increased in E. maclovinus serum from day 14-28 for the LF-89 strain and from day 14-35 for the Austral-005 strain. These results suggest temporal activation of the innate and adaptive immune responses in E. maclovinus tissues when injected by distinct P. salmonis strains. The Austral-005 strain did not always cause the greatest increases/decreases in the number of transcripts, so the magnitude of the observed immune response (mRNA) may not be related to antibiotic resistance. This is the first immunological study to relate a pathogen widely studied in salmonids with a native fish. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Nutritional Immunity Triggers the Modulation of Iron Metabolism Genes in the Sub-Antarctic Notothenioid Eleginops maclovinus in Response to Piscirickettsia salmonis

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Danixa Martínez

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Iron deprivation is a nutritional immunity mechanism through which fish can limit the amount of iron available to invading bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the modulation of iron metabolism genes in the liver and brain of sub-Antarctic notothenioid Eleginops maclovinus challenged with Piscirickettsia salmonis. The specimens were inoculated with two P. salmonis strains: LF-89 (ATCC® VR-1361™ and Austral-005 (antibiotic resistant. Hepatic and brain samples were collected at intervals over a period of 35 days. Gene expression (by RT-qPCR of proteins involved in iron storage, transport, and binding were statistically modulated in infected fish when compared with control counterparts. Specifically, the expression profiles of the transferrin and hemopexin genes in the liver, as well as the expression profiles of ferritin-M, ferritin-L, and transferrin in the brain, were similar for both experimental groups. Nevertheless, the remaining genes such as ferritin-H, ceruloplasmin, hepcidin, and haptoglobin presented tissue-specific expression profiles that varied in relation to the injected bacterial strain and sampling time-point. These results suggest that nutritional immunity could be an important immune defense mechanism for E. maclovinus against P. salmonis injection. This study provides relevant information for understanding iron metabolism of a sub-Antarctic notothenioid fish.

Variabilidad de las comunidades de parásitos metazoos del róbalo Eleginops maclovinus (Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1830 (Pisces: Eleginopidae en Chile Variability of metazoan parasite communities in the rock cod Eleginops maclovinus (Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1830 (Pisces: Eleginopidae off Chile

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MARIO GEORGE-NASCIMENTO

2009-06-01

Full Text Available La comparación de las variaciones en el tiempo cronológico y en el espacio es uno de los aspectos menos estudiados en la ecología de las comunidades de parásitos. Por eso, en este estudio se compara la abundancia total, riqueza y composición de las infracomunidades de parásitos del róbalo Eleginops maclovinus (Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1830 (Pisces: Eleginopidae, entre muestras tomadas en Chile centro-sur en tres localidades geográficas (Talcahuano, Puerto Montt y Punta Arenas, y en dos momentos del tiempo en cada una de ellas. En el conjunto de las 126 infracomunidades examinadas se encontraron 18 taxa de parásitos. La abundancia total y la composición de las infracomunidades se modificaban con la ontogenia del hospedador. Sin embargo, se encontró que la variación entre años en una localidad es de similar magnitud a la que hay entre lugares geográficos, luego de corregir por el efecto de la ontogenia del hospedador. Estos resultados resaltan la necesidad de implementar diseños de muestreo más rigurosos al momento de usar a los parásitos como marcadores biológicos de las poblaciones de hospedadores. Se propone que futuros estudios en las fuentes de variación de las comunidades de parásitos mejoren la descripción de estas variaciones con diseños de muestreo con medidas replicadas en el tiempo y el espacio.Comparison of variations in both chronological time and space is one of the least studied subjects in the ecology of parasite communities. Thus, we compared the abundance, richness and composition of parasite infracommunities in the rock cod Eleginops maclovinus (Cuvier & Valenncienes, 1830 (Pisces: Eleginopidae, between three widely separated localities along south-central Chile (Talcahuano, Puerto Montt and Punta Arenas, which were sampled in two different years each. Eighteen parasite taxa were taxonomically determined in the 126 hosts examined. Total abundance and infracommunity composition changed along host ontogeny

Los robalos (pisces, centropomidae) del Pacífico De Panamá: desafíos emergentes en investigación y conservación

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Vergara-Chen, Carlos

2014-01-01

Se evalúa la diversidad taxonómica, distribución geográfica, ciclo biológico, ecología y pesquerías de los robalos (género Centropomus).Ellos comparten muchas características de su ciclo de vida y uso del hábitat que los hacen vulnerables al estrés ambiental y antropogénico en los ecosistemas costeros. La taxonomía de los robalos parece estable. Estas especies se distribuyen en todos los manglares y estuarios. Aunque desovan en hábitats marinos, las larvas se dispersan en entornos estuarinos,...

Divergence of brain and retinal anatomy and histology in pelagic antarctic notothenioid fishes of the sister taxa Dissostichus and Pleuragramma.

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Eastman, Joseph T; Lannoo, Michael J

2011-04-01

The neutrally buoyant Antarctic fishes of the sister taxa Dissostichus (D. eleginoides and D. mawsoni) and Pleuragramma antarcticum diverged early in the notothenioid radiation and filled different niches in the pelagic realm of the developing Southern Ocean. To assess the influence of phylogenetic and ecological factors in shaping neural morphology in these taxa, we studied the anatomy and histology of the brains and retinae, and determined the proportional weights of brain regions. With the brain of the non-Antarctic sister taxon Eleginops maclovinus as plesiomorphic, statistically significant departures in the brains of the two Antarctic taxa include reduction of the corpus cerebelli and expansion of the mesencephalon and medulla. Compared to Eleginops, both species also have a relatively smaller telencephalon, although this is significant only in Dissostichus. There are a number of apomorphic features in the brain of Pleuragramma including reduced olfactory nerves and bulbs, an extremely small corpus cerebelli and an expanded mesencephalon. Although there is not a significant difference in the relative weights of the medulla in the two taxa, the prominence of the eminentia granularis and bulging cap-like appearance of the crista cerebellaris are distinctive in Pleuragramma. Brain histology of Dissostichus and Pleuragramma reflects typical perciform patterns and the two species of Dissostichus are histologically identical. Lateral compression in Pleuragramma and notable lobation in Dissostichus also contribute to differences between the taxa. Compression in Pleuragramma is attributable to convergence on an anchovy/herring body shape and to the relatively large brain in this small fish. The less prominent pattern of lobation of the telencephalon, inferior lobes and corpus cerebelli in Pleuragramma probably reflects underlying histology, specifically a reduction in cellularity of the neuropil in the nuclei and lobes. The retinal histology of Dissostichus and

Valor nutritivo de alguns ingredientes para o robalo (Centropomus parallelus Nutritive value for some ingredients for snook (Centropomus parallelus

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Marcia Vanacor Barroso

2002-11-01

Full Text Available Os robalos Centropomus são peixes que possuem alto valor comercial e grande importância econômica e social. Possuem potencial para aqüicultura, pois se adaptam ao confinamento e arraçoamento. O conhecimento dos requerimentos nutricionais dos robalos é básico para a elaboração de rações específicas. Para determinar a digestibilidade de alguns ingredientes utilizados em rações para peixes, trabalhou-se Centropomus parallelus, utilizando-se o farelo de soja, farelo de aveia e farelo de arroz, testados como ingredientes de rações que continham 0,5% de óxido crômico (Cr2O3 como marcador externo. A metodologia experimental foi composta de quatro tanques cilíndrico-cônicos, com volume de 60 L e 10 peixes cada, conectados a dois filtros biológicos interligados com volume útil de 100 L. O fundo dos tanques foi usado para coleta dos excrementos e as amostras foram armazenadas e, após, secas em estufa a 55,0ºC para análises. Os valores de digestibilidade aparente da matéria seca, proteína bruta e energia bruta das rações foram, respectivamente: farelo de soja, 78,74%, 90,96%, 82,66%; farelo de aveia, 48,06%, 81,10%, 60,25%; farelo de arroz, 59,34%, 86,98%, 69,06% e da matéria seca digestível, proteína digestível e energia digestível dos alimentos: farelo de soja, 65,38%, 36,04%, 3497 kcal/kg; aveia, 21,36%, 9,15%, 4197 kcal/kg; farelo de arroz, 46,41%, 6,57%, 3434 kcal.The snooks Centropomus parallelus are fishes with high commercial value and social and economic importance. They have potencial to be used in aquaculture, as they accept to be confined and to be fed with ration. The knowledge of the nutritional requeriments of the snook is basic to produce especific ration. Centropomus parallelus fed soybean meal, oat meal and rice meal, tested as ration ingredients with 0.5% to chromium oxide (Cr2O3, as a external marker, were used to determine the digestibility of some ingredients used in fish ration. The experimental

Variabilidad genética del robalo común Centropomus undecimalis (Perciformes: Centropomidae en ambiente marino y ribereño interconectados

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Ulises Hernández-Vidal

2014-08-01

Full Text Available El robalo común Centropomus undecimalis habita en áreas ribereñas y marinas del sur del Golfo de México donde es sujeto a explotación intensiva. Aunque la identificación de las poblaciones de peces representa una valiosa herramienta para el manejo de las poblaciones silvestres, no hay información disponible para identificar genéticamente las poblaciones de peces de esta especie en la región. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación genética entre C. undecimalis capturado en ambiente marino y dulceacuícola del Golfo de México y río San Pedro. Muestras de tejido muscular de 79 individuos fueron obtenidas en áreas separadas por más de 300km. El genotipo de cada individuo fue determinado usando siete pares de cebadores microsatélites. Cinco cebadores amplificaron eficientemente presentando entre seis y 28 alelos por locus. Altos niveles de heterocigosidad se observaron en las muestras de ambos ambientes. Se observó desviación del equilibrio HW debido a exceso de heterocigotos. Los valores de diferenciación genética indican ausencia de estructuración poblacional F ST (0.0075 y R ST (0.016, p=0.051 y similitud en las frecuencias alélicas definidas por el índice de Nei (0.805. Los datos mostraron elevado flujo genético debido al número de migrantes (Nm=18.7. Estos resultados sugieren que los individuos en estos ambientes provienen de la misma población genética. La información obtenida en este estudio, por lo tanto contribuirá con elementos que pueden ser considerados en el desarrollo de programas de manejo y protección de las poblaciones de peces silvestres.

Variación estacional de la composición proximal en tres especies de importancia comercial del Golfo de Nicoya, Puntarenas, Costa Rica

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Cristian Fonseca Rodríguez

2013-03-01

Full Text Available La información disponible sobre la composición química de algunos recursos pesqueros que se capturan en el Golfo de Nicoya es muy limitada. Por tal razón se determinaron los niveles de los componentes proximales de las partes comestibles (fresco de tres especies de importancia comercial. Las muestras fueron adquiridas en el Mercado de Puntarenas entre febrero 2009 y enero 2001 durante la temporada de pesca. Los análisis de la composición proximal se determinaron según la metodología de AOAC. Los resultados indicaron que el contenido de humedad varió entre 74.6-80.6g/100g en robalo (Centropomus unionesis, 76.9-80.0g/100g en camarón (Trachypenaeus byrdi y 77.9-89.5g/100g en almeja verde (Poymesoda radiata. Después de la humedad la fracción química más abundante fue la proteína presentando los valores más altos en diciembre para el robalo y febrero para el camarón y la almeja verde. Las mayores fluctuaciones en el contenido de lípidos se presentaron en el robalo, variando desde 0.7g/100g hasta 5.6g/100g. Los valores más altos en esta fracción fueron encontrados en julio, febrero y abril en camarones, almeja y robalo respectivamente. Se concluye que la especie de pescado y camarón estudiados son una buena alternativa para el consumo humano por ser una fuente importante de proteínas y por su bajo contenido en lípidos.

Rearing of fat snook (“Centropomus parallelus” at different stocking densities Criação do robalo-peva ("Centropomus parallelus" submetido a diferentes densidades de estocagem

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Pedro Carlos da Silva Serralheiro

2007-10-01

Full Text Available Studies on the effect of stocking density on the growth of fat snook Centropomus parallelus were conducted in floating net cages in the north coast of the State of São Paulo, in Ubatuba City. Juveniles weighing 32.53 ± 6.54 g were stocked in densities of 20 and 40 fish/m3 and appraised for 160 days. Fish were fed commercial diet with 40% of crude protein, supplied twice a day, at the rate of 3% biomass of each tank-net. The environmental variables (water temperature, oxygen level, salinity and transparency were according to the parameters considered ideals for the species. Survival and the apparent feed conversion were not different (p <0.05 between the treatments. The mean final weights, specific growth rate and daily gain weight, indicated that the treatment of lower density was (p <0.05 superior to higher density. In relation to total weight gain, an accretion was observed of 98.6 and 87.9 g for the densities of 20 and 40 fishes/ m3, respectively. However, final biomass was superior (p<0.05 for the treatment with higher density, demonstrating a straight relationship between density and biomass production observed in the fish farming.Estudos sobre o efeito da densidade de estocagem na sobrevivência e no desempenho produtivo do robalo-peva Centropomus parallelus, criado em tanque-rede, foram realizados no litoral norte do Estado de São Paulo, em Ubatuba. Juvenis pesando 32,53 ± 6,54 g foram estocados em densidades de 20 e 40 peixes/m3 e avaliados durante 160 dias. Os peixes foram alimentados com ração comercial com 40% de proteína bruta, fornecida duas vezes ao dia, à taxa de 3% da biomassa de cada tanque-rede.. As variáveis ambientais (temperatura da água, teor de oxigênio, salinidade e transparência mantiveram-se dentro dos parâmetros considerados ideais para a espécie. Em relação à sobrevivência e a conversão alimentar aparente, não foram observadas diferenças significativas (p<0.05 entre os tratamentos. As médias de

Variación estacional de la composición proximal en tres especies de importancia comercial del Golfo de Nicoya, Puntarenas, Costa Rica Seasonal variation of proximate composition in three commercially important species in the Gulf of Nicoya, Puntarenas, Costa Rica

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Cristian Fonseca Rodríguez

2013-03-01

Full Text Available La información disponible sobre la composición química de algunos recursos pesqueros que se capturan en el Golfo de Nicoya es muy limitada. Por tal razón se determinaron los niveles de los componentes proximales de las partes comestibles (fresco de tres especies de importancia comercial. Las muestras fueron adquiridas en el Mercado de Puntarenas entre febrero 2009 y enero 2001 durante la temporada de pesca. Los análisis de la composición proximal se determinaron según la metodología de AOAC. Los resultados indicaron que el contenido de humedad varió entre 74.6-80.6g/100g en robalo (Centropomus unionesis, 76.9-80.0g/100g en camarón (Trachypenaeus byrdi y 77.9-89.5g/100g en almeja verde (Poymesoda radiata. Después de la humedad la fracción química más abundante fue la proteína presentando los valores más altos en diciembre para el robalo y febrero para el camarón y la almeja verde. Las mayores fluctuaciones en el contenido de lípidos se presentaron en el robalo, variando desde 0.7g/100g hasta 5.6g/100g. Los valores más altos en esta fracción fueron encontrados en julio, febrero y abril en camarones, almeja y robalo respectivamente. Se concluye que la especie de pescado y camarón estudiados son una buena alternativa para el consumo humano por ser una fuente importante de proteínas y por su bajo contenido en lípidos.Nutritional value of seafood for human consumption is worldwide recognized. Some information have been generated in other countries, nevertheless, there is limited information describing the chemical composition of some fishery important species caught in the Gulf of Nicoya. For this reason, we studied the levels of proximal components of the edible parts (fresh of three commercially important species. The meat samples of snook Centropomus unionesis, the shrimp Trachypenaeus byrdi and the bivalve Polymesoda radiata, were collected from the Puntarenas local fish market during the fishing season of February 2009 to

Trace metal contamination in estuarine fishes from Vitória Bay, ES, Brazil

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Jean-Christophe Joyeux

2004-09-01

Full Text Available Muscular tissue from wild-caught mullet (Mugil spp. and snook (Centropomus spp. was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry to determine muscle contamination levels for cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and zinc and evaluate risks to human health associated with seafood consumption. Fishes were captured by subsistence fishermen in Vitória Bay, a Brazilian tropical estuary with numerous outfalls of untreated industrial and residential sewage. Based on the premisses that subsistence fisherman and local consumer show weak (culinary or other preferences within the taxa studied, analyses were conducted and results are reported for genera. Snook cadmium, chromium, copper and zinc concentrations were positively correlated with size or weight. Mullet chromium concentration decreased with size. Cadmium and lead were higher and zinc lower in mullet than in snook. Summer cadmium and lead concentrations were higher than in winter. Chromium presented concentrations consistently over the legal Brazilian limit for seafood. However, the greatest health concern was probably related to lead concentration, especially in respect to consumption by young children.Tecidos musculares de tainhas (Mugil sp. e robalos (Centropomus sp. foram analisados por espectrometria de absorção atômica para determinar as concentrações dos metais cádmio, cromo, cobre, chumbo e zinco no músculo e avaliar os riscos a saúde humana resultante do consumo do pescado. Todos os indivíduos foram capturados por pescadores de subsistência na Baía de Vitória, um estuário brasileiro com numerosos lançamentos de efluentes não tratados de origem doméstica e industrial. Baseado na presunção que pescador de subsistência e consumidor local mostram pouca preferência (culinária ou outra dentro de cada desses taxa, análises foram conduzidas, e resultados reportados, para gêneros em vez de espécies. Em robalos, as concentrações de cádmio, cromo, cobre e zinco aumentaram

Preselección de especies para la piscicultura marina en el Pacífico Sur de México

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Sergio Escárcega Rodríguez

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Dada la diversidad de peces en el Pacífico Sur de México y el deterioro que enfrenta más de 50% de las pesquerías que en él existen, se requiere identificar a las especies con los mayores atributos acuícolas para promover su conservación y el desarrollo regional. Se analizaron 36 especies sobre tres precondiciones básicas: valor comercial, eurihalinidad y talla. Resultaron como especies de primera elección: el robalo prieto (Centropomus nigrescens, el mero (Epinephelus itajara y el guachinango del Pacífico (Lutjanus peru. La pesca constituye la mayor fuente de impacto ecológico en los océanos. La piscicultura marina tropical representa una vertiente productiva a impulsarse en México.

Receptores do factor estimulante de colónias de macrófagos do robalo

OpenAIRE

Oliveira, Márcio Adriano Guiomar de

2010-01-01

O receptor do factor estimulante de colónias de macrófagos, também conhecido como receptor do factor estimulante de colónias-1 (CSF1R), é um receptor de um factor de crescimento hematopoiético que é especificamente expresso em células do sistema fagocítico-mononuclear e desempenha um papel essencial no desenvolvimento e regulação destas células. O CSF1R já foi descrito em vários mamíferos e a sua biologia tem sido exaustivamente caracterizada nestes vertebrados mas o conheci...

A new species of the genus Achondrostoma Robalo, Almada, Levy & Doadrio, 2007 (Actynopterigii, Cyprinidae from western Spain

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Doadrio, I.

2007-12-01

Full Text Available A new freshwater fish species, Achondrostoma salmantinum, formerly considered as one population of Iberochondrostoma lemmingii, is described on the basis of genetic and morphological characters. The new species inhabits the rivers Huebra, Águeda and Uces and tributaries in the Duero River basin in Salamanca province, western Spain. The species is distinguished from Iberochondrostoma lemmingii and from other species of the genus Achondrostoma according to morphometric, meristic and genetic characters such as a narrow caudal peduncle, long postorbital and head lengths, small number of scales (9-10/44-53/4-6, small number of gill rakers (15-22, usually 5-5 pharyngeal teeth, four diagnostic isozyme loci (IDHP-2*, IDHP-3*, MDH-B* and PEP* and one unique allele (MDH-A*95. The distribution of I. lemmingii is currently known to be restricted to the Tajo, Guadiana, Odiel and Guadalquivir basins. This new cyprinid is considered Endangered (EN according to IUCN Red List Categories.

Se describe una nueva especie de pez de agua dulce, Achondrostoma salmantinum, anteriormente considerada como una población de Iberochondrostoma lemmingii, a partir de caracteres genéticos y morfológicos. La nueva especie vive en la cuenca del río Duero en los ríos Uces, Huebra y Águeda y sus afluentes en la provincia de Salamanca en el oeste de España. De acuerdo con los caracteres morfométricos y genéticos la especie se distingue de Iberochondrostoma lemmingii y de otras especies del género Achondrostoma por un pedúnculo caudal estrecho, larga longitud de la cabeza y de la distancia postorbital, pequeño número de escamas (9/10/44-53/4-6, pequeño número de branquispinas (15-22, frecuentemente 5-5 dientes faríngeos, cuatro loci isozimáticos diagnósticos (IDHP-2*, IDHP-3*, MDH-B* y PEP* y un único alelo (MDH-A*95. La distribución de I. lemmingii se restringe ahora a las cuencas de los ríos Tajo, Guadiana, Odiel y Guadalquivir. Este nuevo ciprínido es considerado En Peligro (EN de acuerdo a las categorías de la Lista Roja de la UICN.

Evaluation of mercury, selenium and methylmercury in fish consumed by Santos Bay communities, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Farias, Luciana A.; Favaro, Deborah I.T. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)]. E-mail: lufarias@usp.br; Azevedo, Juliana de S.; Braga, Elisabete S. [Sao Paulo Univ., SP (Brazil). Inst. Oceanografico. Lab. de Nutrientes, Micronutrientes e Tracos no Mar (LABNUT)]. E-mail: juliana@io.usp.br

2005-07-01

In the present study, mercury and selenium levels were evaluated in fish tissues and fish organs in the Santos Bay, Sao Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. Santos Bay waters are polluted by the large industrial complex of Cubatao. The estuary system filters part of this pollution before it reaches the Bay. Mercury and methylmercury determination were performed using Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (CV-AAS) and selenium determination by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). Methodology validation for the determination of these elements was carried out by means of reference materials analyses. There was no significant correlation between mercury and selenium concentrations (n = 17, (r2 ) R2 = 0.3482, p = 0.1709) in Cathorops spixii (bagre amarelo)- Ariidae family and Centropomus sp. (robalo)- Centropomidae family livers. Mercury and methylmercury concentrations in muscle from carnivorous species: Ariidae Cathorops spixii (bagre amarelo), Scianidae Steliffer rastifer (cangoa) and Scianidae Paralonchurus brasiliensis (maria-luiza) were determined and discussed. Total mercury concentration in Ariidae Catharops spixii livers presented the highest Hg level (7.6 mg kg-1). Although the Santos Bay is less contaminated than the inner section of its estuary system (Cubatao), it presents signs of environmental impact. (author)

Consideracões sobre a captura de peixes por um cerco fixo em Cananéia, São Paulo, Brasil Observations on the catch of fish by a fixed fish-trap in Cananéia, São Paulo, Brazil

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Alexander Radasewsky

1976-01-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the results of observations carried on during the period 1964-1967 on fish captured by a fixed fish-trap, located in the Lagoon of Cananéia, São Paulo, Brazil. The local catch consisted mainly on two species: "carapeba" (Diapterus rhombeus and "taínha" (Mugil cephalus . Nine out of the 32 species captured in 1967 were studied in detail. Specimens of sexually matured "taínha" were present in a well defined period, from April to August, so that one may assume the possibility of spawning at that time. This period agrees with the minimum water temperature and local commercial fishing trap operations. The size of first sexual maturation was observed in six different species, respectively for male and female, "carapeba", 13 and 12 cm; "taínha", 33 and 38 cm; "parati" (Mugil curema, 28 and 30 em; "paru" (Pomocanthus arcuatus , 11 and 13 em; "robalo" (Centropomus paralellus , 24 and 16 em; and 18 em for female of "sargo-de-dentes" (Archosargus aries. This kind of fishing was influenced by meteorological and hydrographic conditions, mainly by water temperature and salinity.

Evaluation of mercury, selenium and methylmercury in fish consumed by Santos Bay communities, Sao Paulo, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Farias, Luciana A.; Favaro, Deborah I.T.; Azevedo, Juliana de S.; Braga, Elisabete S.

2005-01-01

In the present study, mercury and selenium levels were evaluated in fish tissues and fish organs in the Santos Bay, Sao Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. Santos Bay waters are polluted by the large industrial complex of Cubatao. The estuary system filters part of this pollution before it reaches the Bay. Mercury and methylmercury determination were performed using Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (CV-AAS) and selenium determination by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). Methodology validation for the determination of these elements was carried out by means of reference materials analyses. There was no significant correlation between mercury and selenium concentrations (n = 17, (r2 ) R2 = 0.3482, p = 0.1709) in Cathorops spixii (bagre amarelo)- Ariidae family and Centropomus sp. (robalo)- Centropomidae family livers. Mercury and methylmercury concentrations in muscle from carnivorous species: Ariidae Cathorops spixii (bagre amarelo), Scianidae Steliffer rastifer (cangoa) and Scianidae Paralonchurus brasiliensis (maria-luiza) were determined and discussed. Total mercury concentration in Ariidae Catharops spixii livers presented the highest Hg level (7.6 mg kg-1). Although the Santos Bay is less contaminated than the inner section of its estuary system (Cubatao), it presents signs of environmental impact. (author)

Caracterização da piscicultura na região do Vale do Ribeira - SP Characterization of fish farming in the Ribeira Valley region - SP

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Daniela Castellani

2005-02-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho buscou caracterizar a piscicultura na Região do Vale do Ribeira quanto aos sistemas de manejo. Estudaram-se quarenta e duas pisciculturas sendo que, destas, 36 praticam o sistema semi-intensivo e seis o sistema intensivo, com os seguintes objetivos: engorda de peixes, produção de alevinos e pesque-pagues. Foram listadas 41 espécies de peixes cultivadas. Apenas 6 espécies são nativas da Bacia do Rio Ribeira de Iguape: lambari (Astyanax sp Linneaus, 1758, traíra (Hoplias malabaricus Bloch, 1794, robalo (Centropomus ssp Cuvier e Valenciennes, 1928, jundiá (Rhamdia quelen Quoy e Gaimard, 1824, cascudo (Hypostomus sp Marschall, 1873 e cará (Geophagus brasiliensis Quoy e Gaimard, 1824. Em 95% das pisciculturas foram verificadas fugas de peixes exóticos e alóctones dos cultivos. A tilápia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus Linneaus, 1758 foi a espécie mais freqüente em escapes, e também é a segunda mais cultivada pelos piscicultores, perdendo somente para o pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus Halmberg, 1887. Foi possível verificar mediante o cálculo da conversão alimentar, que há um desperdício anual de cerca de 32% da ração utilizada nos cultivos pesquisados. A piscicultura encontra-se em plena expansão nesta região, e já representa a atividade agropecuária mais importante após a bananicultura.The aim of this work was to characterize the fish farming in the Ribeira de Iguape Basin, southern São Paulo State (Brazil, in relation to the management systems. Forty two farms were studied. A semi-intensive system is used by 36 farmers, while an intensive system is used only by 6 studied farmers. Their objectives were raising fish, juvenile fish production and sportive fishery. Forty one fish species were found to be cultivated, but only six were native species from Ribeira Valley: lambari (Astyanax sp Linneaus, 1758, traíra (Hoplias malabaricus Bloch, 1794, robalo (Centropomus ssp Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1928, jundi

Toxic metal, micro and macronutrient assessment in fish most consumed by Iguape community, Sao Paulo state, Brazil

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Favaro, Deborah I.T.; Vieira, Andre S.; Bordon, Isabella C.A.C., E-mail: defavaro@ipen.br, E-mail: isabella.bordon@gmail.com [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Farias, Luciana A., E-mail: lufarias2@yahoo.com.br [Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Braga, Elisabete S., E-mail: edsbraga@usp.br [Universidade de Sao Paulo (LABNUT/IO/USP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Instituto Oceanografico

2013-07-01

It is well-known that, fish is an important source of protein for populations around the world. As such, fish consumption has increased because it is a healthy and low cholesterol source of protein and other nutrients. The city of Iguape, in the extreme south of the Sao Paulo State coast, is located in a well-preserved Atlantic Forest region. During the last two centuries the city suffered from drastic environmental changes, reinforcing the importance of environmental monitoring in this region. In the present study, 23 samples of the three most consumed fish species by the Iguape city population were analyzed. Fish samples were bought at local markets, conditioned in isothermic boxes in crushed ice (-4 deg C) and then identified before registering the biometric information (total length, total weight and body weight). The following micro and macronutrients As, Br, Ca, Co, Fe, K, Na, Rb, Sc, Se and Zn concentration in muscle from 02 predatory fish species Macrodon ancylodon (King weakfish - Pescada) and Centropomus parallelus (Fat snook - Robalo peba) and one detritivorus species: Anchoviella lepidentostole (Broadband anchovy - Manjuba) were assessed by INAA. Toxic metals Cd, Hg and Pb were also evaluated by AAS. Statistical correlation between element concentrations and fish species were tested. (author)

Toxic metal, micro and macronutrient assessment in fish most consumed by Iguape community, Sao Paulo state, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Favaro, Deborah I.T.; Vieira, Andre S.; Bordon, Isabella C.A.C.; Farias, Luciana A.; Braga, Elisabete S.

2013-01-01

It is well-known that, fish is an important source of protein for populations around the world. As such, fish consumption has increased because it is a healthy and low cholesterol source of protein and other nutrients. The city of Iguape, in the extreme south of the Sao Paulo State coast, is located in a well-preserved Atlantic Forest region. During the last two centuries the city suffered from drastic environmental changes, reinforcing the importance of environmental monitoring in this region. In the present study, 23 samples of the three most consumed fish species by the Iguape city population were analyzed. Fish samples were bought at local markets, conditioned in isothermic boxes in crushed ice (-4 deg C) and then identified before registering the biometric information (total length, total weight and body weight). The following micro and macronutrients As, Br, Ca, Co, Fe, K, Na, Rb, Sc, Se and Zn concentration in muscle from 02 predatory fish species Macrodon ancylodon (King weakfish - Pescada) and Centropomus parallelus (Fat snook - Robalo peba) and one detritivorus species: Anchoviella lepidentostole (Broadband anchovy - Manjuba) were assessed by INAA. Toxic metals Cd, Hg and Pb were also evaluated by AAS. Statistical correlation between element concentrations and fish species were tested. (author)