Sample records for ritodrine
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Placental transfer of ritodrine hydrochloride in sheep
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Fujimoto, Seiichiro; Akahane, Masuo; Uzuki Katsuya; Inagawa, Akira; Sakai, Keiichiro; Sakai, Akira
1984-01-01
This study examines the placental passage of ritodrine hydrochloride in relation to the drug's effects on the fetal circulation. Studies were carried out on nine mulliparous pregnant (120-140 days) ewes with chronically implanted cannulae of measurements of maternal and fetal arterial pressures and for blood sampling. One group of animals received sequential infusions of doses ranging from 0.1 to 30 μg/kg per min for 30 min (group 1). A second group was given a constant infusion of the drug at a dose of 3.0 μg/kg per min for 4 h (group 2). The peak concentrations of ritodrine in maternal and fetal blood were determined by radioimmunoassay. In group 1 they were 313.4 +- 24.1 ng/ml (mean +-S.E.) and 12.6 +- 3.7 ng/ml at the finish of 30.0 ug/kg per min infusion for maternal and fetal blood, respectively. In group 2, maternal drug levels were 81.3 +- 20.4 ng/ml after 30 min and 95.9 +- 17.1 ng/ml after 4 h of the infusion. Fetal plasma concentrations increased slowly from trace levels at 30 min to 3.3 +- 0.7 ng/ml at 4 h. Fetal blood pressure and heart rate did not show any significant changes during and after the infusion of ritodrine in both treatment groups. The findings demonstrate the maternal administration of ritodrine produces no significant effects on the circulatory system of the fetal lamb because of the low transplacental passage of this drug. (author)
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Usharani
2015-02-01
Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Preterm labour is onset of labour between 20 weeks and 37 completed weeks of gestation. Tocolytics are pharmacological agents that relax the uterine myometrium and inhibit uterine contractions leading to abolition of preterm labour. Many tocolytic drugs have been developed and used and several experimental drugs are being evaluated. Future research is needed for development of drugs with more utero - selectivity and fewer side effects. Ritodrine hydrochloride is now considered one of the most effective tocolytic drug . However, the use of nitroglycerine patch has shown comparable results and there is a need for further critical evaluation by well - planned and well monitored studies. AIM: To compare the efficacy of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate and intravenous ritodrin e as tocolytics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted on patients who attended Bapuji Hospital , Chigateri Hospital and women and child hospital, attached to J .J.M . Medical College, Davangere. One hundred patients who were admitted and clinically di agnosed with preterm labour were randomised either to group 1, treated with glyceryl trinitrate patch or group II, treated with ritodrine, with fifty patients in each group. ANALYSIS: Descriptive data that included mean, Standard deviation, percentages wer e determined and presented for each group. Difference between two groups was compared by Mann - Whitney test for continuous data and chi - square test for categorical data. P Valve of 0.05 or less was considered for statistical significance. RESULTS: mean per centage prolongation of gestation with glyceryl trinitrate was 58±45.9 and with Ritodrine , it was 62±44.6. Mean absolute prolongation of gestation with glyceryl trinitrate was 3.22 weeks and with Ritodrine it was 3.18 weeks. CONCLUSION: Both glyceryl trini trate and ritodrine were comparable in prolongation of gestation in patients in preterm labour, both in duration and in terms of success. The
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Chung, Jee Eun; Choi, Soo An; Hwang, Han Sung; Park, Jin Young; Lee, Kyung Eun; Yee, Jeong; Kim, Young Ju; Gwak, Hye Sun
2017-11-13
Ritodrine, a tocolytic β2-agonist, has been used extensively in Europe and Asia despite its safety concerns. This study was designed to identify associations between β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) polymorphisms and adverse drug events (ADEs) in patients with preterm labor treated with ritodrine. This follow-up study was prospectively conducted at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital in Korea. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ADRB2 gene (rs1042713, rs1042714, rs1042717, rs1042718, and rs1042719) were analyzed in 186 pregnant women with preterm labor. Patients with the AA genotype of rs1042717 had significantly lower incidence of ADEs compared to those with the G allele (p = 0.009). In multivariate analysis, one of the predictors of ADEs was the maximum infusion rate of ritodrine (AOR 4.47, 95% CI 1.31-15.25). Rs1042719 was also a significant factor for ritodrine-induced ADEs. The CC genotype carriers had 78% decreased risk of ADEs compared to those with other genotypes. This study demonstrates that ADEs induced by ritodrine are associated with ADRB2 gene polymorphisms, as well as the infusion rate of ritodrine in pregnant women with preterm labor.
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Houtzager, B. A.; Hogendoorn, S. M.; Papatsonis, D. N. M.; Samsom, J. F.; van Geijn, H. P.; Bleker, O. P.; van Wassenaer, A. G.
2006-01-01
OBJECTIVE: To compare the long-term psychosocial and motor effects on children exposed in utero to nifedipine or ritodrine for the management of preterm labour. DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Multicentre study in two university and one primary hospital in the Netherlands. POPULATION:
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Seo, Heewon; Kwon, Eun Jin; You, Young-Ah; Park, Yoomi; Min, Byung Joo; Yoo, Kyunghun; Hwang, Han-Sung; Kim, Ju Han; Kim, Young Ju
2018-01-24
Ritodrine is a commonly used tocolytic to prevent preterm labour. However, it can cause unexpected serious adverse reactions, such as pulmonary oedema, pulmonary congestion, and tachycardia. It is unknown whether such adverse reactions are associated with pharmacogenomic variants in patients. Whole-exome sequencing of 13 subjects with serious ritodrine-induced cardiac and pulmonary side-effects was performed to identify causal genes and variants. The deleterious impact of nonsynonymous substitutions for all genes was computed and compared between cases (n = 13) and controls (n = 30). The significant genes were annotated with Gene Ontology (GO), and the associated disease terms were categorised into four functional classes for functional enrichment tests. To assess the impact of distributed rare variants in cases with side effects, we carried out rare variant association tests with a minor allele frequency ≤ 1% using the burden test, the sequence Kernel association test (SKAT), and optimised SKAT. We identified 28 genes that showed significantly lower gene-wise deleteriousness scores in cases than in controls. Three of the identified genes-CYP1A1, CYP8B1, and SERPINA7-are pharmacokinetic genes. The significantly identified genes were categorized into four functional classes: ion binding, ATP binding, Ca 2+ -related, and ciliopathies-related. These four classes were significantly enriched with ciliary genes according to SYSCILIA Gold Standard genes (P side effects may be associated with deleterious genetic variants in ciliary and pharmacokinetic genes.
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Tocolysis in term breech external cephalic version.
Nor Azlin, M I; Haliza, H; Mahdy, Z A; Anson, I; Fahya, M N; Jamil, M A
2005-01-01
To study the effect of ritodrine tocolysis on the success of external cephalic version (ECV) and to assess the role of ECV in breech presentation at our centre. A prospective randomized double-blind-controlled trial comparing ritodrine and placebo in ECV of singleton term breech pregnancy at a tertiary hospital. Among the 60 patients who were recruited, there was a success rate of 36.7%. Ritodrine tocolysis significantly improved the success rate of ECV (50% vs. 23%; P=0.032). There was a marked effect of ritodrine tocolysis on the ECV success in nulliparae (36.4% vs. 13.0%) and multiparae (87.5% vs. 57.1%). External cephalic version has shown to reduce the rate of cesarean section for breech presentation by 33.5% in our unit. External cephalic version significantly reduced the rate of cesarean section in breech presentation, and ritodrine tocolysis improved the success of ECV and should be offered to both nulliparous and parous women in the case of term breech presentation.
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1999-10-01
ritodrine hydrochloride in rats. Anesthesia & Analgesia, 67, 31- 34. Tramer, M., Schneider, J., Marti, R., & Rifat, K. (1996). Anesthesiology. Role of...Norco 10 ___________ Methadone 10mg __________ Roxicoone 5mg ___________ MS Contin 15mg 30mg __________ Vicodin ___________ MSIR
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Oxytocin receptor blockade: a new principle in the treatment of preterm labor?
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Andersen, L F; Lyndrup, J; Akerlund, M
1989-01-01
was achieved and further progression in cervical scores was arrested. In three patients, all at 27 weeks of gestational age, no significant tocolytic effect was observed during a 1.5-hour infusion of the analogue and the patients were then given ritodrine intravenously. No side effects were observed in any...
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In which preterm labor-patients is intravenous maintenance tocolysis effective?
Yoneda, Satoshi; Yoneda, Noriko; Fukuta, Kaori; Shima, Tomoko; Nakashima, Akitoshi; Shiozaki, Arihiro; Yoshino, Osamu; Kigawa, Mika; Yoshida, Taketoshi; Saito, Shigeru
2018-03-01
We evaluated whether maintenance tocolysis (intravenous ritodrine hydrochloride and/or magnesium sulfate) was effective in cases of spontaneous preterm labor with intact membranes. One hundred and thirty preterm labor patients who reached 36 weeks of gestation by maintenance tocolysis were selected. Immediate delivery (ID) after ceasing maintenance tocolysis was defined as an 'effective case'. The correlated factors between ID and no immediate delivery (NID) were statistically analyzed. Thirty-six patients delivered maintenance tocolysis (27.7%) and were defined as effective cases. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that amniotic fluid interleukin-8 at admission (≥ 2.3 ng/mL; odds ratio [OR] 5.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1-17.6; P Maintenance tocolysis may be effective in limited cases with mild intra-amniotic inflammation, in lean women and in cerclage cases. Maintenance tocolysis should be ceased in cases without these clinical factors when clinical symptoms disappear. © 2017 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Management of Amniotic Sheet with a Hammock-like Placenta
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Liangcheng Wang
2016-09-01
Full Text Available An amniotic sheet is a septation in the amniotic cavity with a perforation that allows amniotic fluid to pass through. Although the incidence of abnormal placental implantation is higher in such cases, the management recommendations remain unclear. We report a case of an amniotic sheet with a hammock-like placenta located in the center of the uterine cavity. A 25-year-old woman with a history of two dilation and curettage procedures was found to have an amniotic cavity separated by a septum that contained part of the placenta. At gestational Week 32, magnetic resonance images revealed that the placenta was attached from the anterior to posterior uterine walls and resembled a hammock hanging in the center of the uterus. Subsequently, continuous intravenous administration of ritodrine hydrochloride and magnesium sulfate were given. The pregnancy was extended to Week 36. Elective cesarean section was performed, and a 3212-g female infant was delivered. Thus, owing to the risk of umbilical cord complications and placental injury secondary to premature rupture of membranes, aggressive and careful perinatal management is required in such cases.
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Wu, Ming-Yih; Chen, Shee-Uan; Lee, Chien-Nan; Ho, Hong-Nerng; Yang, Yu-Shih
2010-12-01
Pregnancies with extremely preterm premature rupture of membranes (EPPROM), especially before 20 weeks of gestation, are usually considered to be a termination of pregnancy. By improvement of obstetric and neonatal care, we can prolong the pregnancy across the threshold of survival by aggressive tocolysis. Using intrauterine insemination, a 32-year-old woman became pregnant with twins (first pregnancy). Threatened abortion occured since 9 weeks of gestation and EPPROM of the upper twin was noted at 18 weeks. Massive vaginal bleeding and vigorous uterine contractions occurred at 22 weeks. Poor control of preterm labor occurred using ritodrine and MgSO(4). Atosiban was applied to calm uterine activities. After discontinuation of atosiban at 30 weeks, the uterine contractions became severe again and an emergency cesarean section was performed to deliver two live, premature babies weighing 1,518 g and 830 g, respectively. Twin A was healthy, weighing 2,030 g at 35 days after birth and subsequently discharged. The smaller twin B was dependent on continuous positive airway pressure and died of pulmonary infection 120 days after birth. Comparing to other tocolytic agents, Atosiban has few side effects and assisted in prolonging a pregnancy involving twins that experienced EPPROM. Copyright © 2010 Taiwan Association of Obstetric & Gynecology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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[Pregnancy and labor associated with encephalopathy in neonates during the early neonatal period].
Skrablin, S; Drazancić, A; Letica, N; Tadić, V
1992-01-01
Pregnancy complications, drugs and surgical interventions during pregnancy, fetal growth, medications and interventions during labor, labor complications as well as fetal heart activity during labor in a group of 114 term infants without malformations, but with signs of central nervous system (CNS) damage throughout early neonatal period are compared with paired group of term healthy infants born in the same presentation and mode of delivery. Among prelabor factors only maternal hypertension (found in 16.7% of encephalopathy children versus 0.8% in a control group) was significantly correlated with CNS damage. Fetal growth retardation and long term ritodrine administration were found more frequent in encephalopathy than in healthy group of infants, although statistical significance between the groups could not be demonstrated. A prolonged second stage of labor, high oxytocin dosage, too frequent uterine contractions and vacuum extractions were found significantly correlated with neonatal encephalopathy. CTG pattern during labor was normal in only 28.9% of children, with encepalopathy prepathologic in 46.4% and pathologic in 24.7%. The respective percentages for healthy newborns were: 82.5%, 16.25% and 1.2%. All differences between the groups were statistically significant. Mean duration of prepathologic CTG score in the group of infants with encephalopathy (78.8 minutes) as well as of pathologic score (51.7 minutes) was significantly longer than in healthy infants (23.7 minutes prepathologic and 7 minutes pathologic).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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[Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for cesarean section in a parturient with myotonic dystrophy].
Mori, Kosuke; Mizuno, Ju; Nagaoka, Takehiko; Harashima, Toshiya; Morita, Sigeho
2010-08-01
Myotonic dystrophy (MD) is a muscle disorder characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness, and is the most common form of muscular dystrophy that begins in adulthood, often after pregnancy. MD might be related to occurrence of malignant hyperthermia. Therefore, the cesarean section is often performed for the parturient with MD. We had an experience of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for cesarean section in a parturient complicated with MD. A 40-year-old woman had rhabdomyolysis caused by ritodrine at 15-week gestation and was diagnosed as MD by electromyography. Her first baby died due to respiratory failure fourth day after birth. She had hatchet face, slight weakness of her lower extremities, and easy fatigability. Her manual muscle test was 5/5 at upper extremities and 4/5 at lower extremities. She underwent emergency cesarean section for premature rupture of the membrane, weak pain during labor, and obstructed labor at 33-week gestation. We placed an epidural catheter from T12/L1 and punctured arachnoid with 25 G spinal needle. We performed spinal anesthesia using 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 1.5 ml and epidural anesthesia using 2% lidocaine 6 ml. Her anesthetic level reached bilaterally to T7 and operation started 18 minutes after combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. Her baby was born 23 minutes after the anesthesia. As her baby was 1/5 at Apgar score, the baby was tracheally intubated and artificially ventilated. The cesarean section was finished in 33 minutes uneventfully. She had no adverse events and was discharged on the 8th postoperative day. Later her baby was diagnosed as congenital MD by gene analysis. Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with the amide-typed local anesthetic agents could be useful and safe for cesarean section in the parturient with MD.
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Lojacono, A; Donarini, G; Valcamonico, A; Soregaroli, M; Frusca, T
2003-12-01
Although term breech presentation is a relatively rare condition (3-5% of all births), it continues to be an important indication for caesarean section and has contributed to its increased use. Risk of complications may be increased for both mother and foetus in such a situation. Vaginal delivery of a breech presenting foetus is complex and may involve many difficulties, so today there is a general consensus that planned caesarean section is better than planned vaginal birth for the foetus in breech presentation at term. External cephalic version is one of the most effective procedures in modern obstetrics. It involves the external manipulation of the foetus from the breech into the cephalic presentation. A successful manoeuvre can decrease costs by avoiding operative deliveries and decreasing maternal morbidity. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of this obstetric manoeuvre to increase the proportion of vertex presentation among foetuses that were formerly in the breech position near term, so as to reduce the caesarean section rate. The safety of the version is also showed. From 1999 to 2002, 89 women with foetal breech presentation underwent external cephalic version at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Brescia University. The gestational age was 36.8+/-0.8 weeks. The following variables have been taken into consideration: breech variety, placental location, foetal back position, parity, amount of amniotic fluid and gestational age. Every attempt was performed with a prior use of an intravenous drip of Ritodrine, and foetal heart rate was monitored continuously with cardiotocogram. The success rate of the procedure was 42.7% (n=38). No maternal or foetal complication or side effects occurred, both during and after the manoeuvre, except a transient foetal bradycardia that resolved spontaneously. Only one spontaneous reversion of the foetus occurred before delivery. Of all the women that underwent a successful version