The Transport of Gmelina Logs on the Rio Dulce
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Ensminger, J.T.; Martines, R.; Perlack, B.; Ranney, J.
1997-02-01
The Rio Dulce National Park is one of Guatemala's major environmental assets. The park contains the remaining remnants of an eastern Guatemalan tropical rainforest which has good but fast deteriorating value for the development of the ecotourism industry. The governmenial objective for the region as stated in the Master Plan for the park is ecotourism development and protection of biodiversity. The decisions to be made concerning the long-term, sustainable use of the natural resources of the Rio Dulce region appear to be directed by existing environmental laws and the Rio Dulce Master Plan. However, the wording of these instruments is ambiguous and lacks specific definitions and criteria for making necessary determinations. This, in combination with lack of enforcement in the region, has led to extensive disparity in interpretation of the laws and uncontrolled, conflicting actions by individuals and organizations.
Martins, Carla Renata Alves
2012-01-01
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia dos Recursos Humanos, do Trabalho e das Organizações), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2012 A presente investigação insere-se no âmbito do estudo da saliência de papéis e do stresse profissional, com o objectivo de comparar três gerações: a Geração Baby Boomer, a Geração X e a Geração Y. A amostra é constituída por 68 professores do ensino básico e secundário. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Inventário sobre a Saliência...
Eficiencia de riego en el área de riego del Rio Dulce
Angella, G.; Prieto, D.
2004-01-01
The Río Dulce Irrigation System is located in the province of Santiago del Estero, Argentina. The system water use efficiency was calculated as 36%. This figure can be ascribed to: 1- inadequate on-farm irrigation management; 2- poor maintenance of canal network. Application of very high depths
Preliminary Sampling to assess the grade of contamination of Rio Dulce waters
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Sandoval, H.; Ramirez, Patricia; Gudiel, E.; Pinto, Kalina; Giron, A. de; Molina, Karla; Benavides, R.
2001-03-01
The purpose of this report is to evaluate data from measurements of physico-chemical parameters and microbiological parameters. Because of sources of contamination like petroleum residues, and derivated products are out of the limits accepted at international level. In addition to this contaminatio was found high levels of microbiological load that are causing harms to ecosystems of the river Dulce
Indicadores de desempeño del sistema de riego del Rio Dulce, Santiago del Estero, Argentina
Prieto, D.; Angella, G.; Angueira, M.C.; Pérez Carrera, A.; Moscuzza, C.
2005-01-01
Mucha atención se ha puesto en el estudio del desempeño de los sistemas de riego a partir de la década de 1990, al tomarse conciencia de los bajos resultados de muchos de ellos, y su impacto ambiental negativo. El Sistema de Riego del Río Dulce en Santiago del Estero (PRD), no es la excepción,
Adulticidal activity of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb. Benth. against Culex quinquefasciatus (Say
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Govindarajan M
2012-04-01
Full Text Available Objective: To determine the adulticidal efficacy of different solvent leaf and seed extracts of Pithecellobium dulce (P. dulce against Culex quinquefasciatus (Cx. quinquefasciatus. Methods: Sucrose-fed and blood starved mosquitoes were released into the tube, and the mortality effects of the extracts were observed every 10 min for 3 h exposure period. At the end of 1, 2, and 3 h exposure periods, the mosquitoes were placed in the holding tube. Cotton pads soaked in 10% sugar solution with vitamin B complex were placed in the tube during the holding period of 24 h. Mortality of the mosquitoes was recorded after 24 h. Results: Among five solvent extracts tested, the maximum efficacy was observed in the methanol extract of leaves of P. dulce. The LC50 and LC 90 values of P. dulce leaves and seeds against Cx. quinquefasciatus were 234.97, 309.24 ppm and 464.86, 570.80 ppm, respectively. No mortality was observed in controls. The Chi-square values were significant at P<0.05 level. Conclusions: From the results it can be concluded that the crude extract of P. dulce has excellent potential for controlling filariasis vector mosquito, Cx. quinquefasciatus. This is the first report on the mosquito adulticidal activity of the reported P. dulce plant.
Preference mapping of dulce de leche commercialized in Brazilian markets.
Gaze, L V; Oliveira, B R; Ferrao, L L; Granato, D; Cavalcanti, R N; Conte Júnior, C A; Cruz, A G; Freitas, M Q
2015-03-01
Dulce de leche samples available in the Brazilian market were submitted to sensory profiling by quantitative descriptive analysis and acceptance test, as well sensory evaluation using the just-about-right scale and purchase intent. External preference mapping and the ideal sensory characteristics of dulce de leche were determined. The results were also evaluated by principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, partial least squares regression, artificial neural networks, and logistic regression. Overall, significant product acceptance was related to intermediate scores of the sensory attributes in the descriptive test, and this trend was observed even after consumer segmentation. The results obtained by sensometric techniques showed that optimizing an ideal dulce de leche from the sensory standpoint is a multidimensional process, with necessary adjustments on the appearance, aroma, taste, and texture attributes of the product for better consumer acceptance and purchase. The optimum dulce de leche was characterized by high scores for the attributes sweet taste, caramel taste, brightness, color, and caramel aroma in accordance with the preference mapping findings. In industrial terms, this means changing the parameters used in the thermal treatment and quantitative changes in the ingredients used in formulations. Copyright © 2015 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
[Water birds from Agua Dulce lake and El Ermitaño estuary, Jalisco, Mexico].
Hernández Vázquez, Salvador
2005-01-01
Waterbird abundance, and seasonal and spatial distribution, were studied in two natural water pools at Jalisco, Mexico, from December 1997 through November 1998. Maximum monthly abundance in Agua Dulce lake and El Ermitaño estuary was 86 471 birds (29 686 in Agua Dulce and 56 785 in Ermitaño), with a total cummulative abundance of 179 808 individuals (66 976 in Agua Dulce and 112 832 in Ermitaño). A total of 87 waterbirds species were recorded, 78 in Agua Dulce and 73 in Ermitaño. The higher species richness and abundance was observed during winter, when migratory species arrived. Most species prefered shallow waters, except seabirds which prefered protected areas such as dunes in Agua Dulce. Other groups, like clucks and related species. prefered low salinity areas, for example in the south-east area of Ermitaño. The higher abundance of the shorehirds was found when the water level on the estuary was low. Herons were seen often at areas with high salinity and influenced by tides (e.g. mouth of Ermitaño).
Ultrastructural Studies on Root Nodules of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. (Fabaceae)
Raiha Qadri; A. Mahmood; Mohammad Athar
2007-01-01
Ultrastructural studies were conducted on Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb) Benth. root nodules collected from trees growing under natural conditions. Rhizobial infection on root surface of P. dulce started with curling of root hair. Both curled and straight root hairs were observed. The internal structure of a mature nodule showed an epidermis, cortex, vascular region and a bacteriod region. Vascular bundles were amphicribral. A distinct periderm consisted of sclereid tissue could be observed in t...
Adulticidal activity of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. against Culex quinquefasciatus (Say)
Govindarajan M; Sivakumar R; Rajeswary M; Yogalakshmi K
2012-01-01
Objective: To determine the adulticidal efficacy of different solvent leaf and seed extracts of Pithecellobium dulce (P. dulce) against Culex quinquefasciatus (Cx. quinquefasciatus). Methods: Sucrose-fed and blood starved mosquitoes were released into the tube, and the mortality effects of the extracts were observed every 10 min for 3 h exposure period. At the end of 1, 2, and 3 h exposure periods, the mosquitoes were placed in the holding tube. Cotton pads soaked in 10% sugar ...
Naqvi, Ali; Solomons, Noel W; Campos, Raquel; Soto-Méndez, María José; Caplan, Emily; Armas, Laura; Bermudez, Odilia I
2017-07-01
To assess vitamin D status and the influence of risk factors such as skin pigmentation and time spent outdoors on hypovitaminosis D among Guatemalan Kekchi and Garifuna adolescents. Cross-sectional study, with convenient sampling design. Blood samples, anthropometric and behavioural data were all collected during the dry season. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were measured by RIA. Communities of Rio Dulce and Livingston, Izabal Province, Caribbean coast of Guatemala, with latitude and longitude of 15°49'N and 88°45'W for Livingston and 15°46'N and 88°49'W for Rio Dulce, respectively. Eighty-six adolescents, divided evenly by sex and ethnicity, with mean age of 14 years. Mean (sd) 25(OH)D value was 27·8 (7·2) ng/ml for the total group, with 25·8 (5·9) and 29·8 (7·9) ng/ml, respectively, in Kekchis and Garifunas (P=0·01). Use of vitamin D supplementation, clothing practices and sun protection were not statistically different between groups. Skin area exposed on the day of data collection ranged from 20·0 % minimum to 49·4 % maximum, with mean (sd) exposure of 32·0 (8.5) %. With univariate regression analysis, age (P=0·034), sex (P=0·044), ethnicity (P=0·010), time spent outdoors (P=0·006) and percentage skin area exposed (P=0·001) were predictive. However, multivariate analysis indicated that only sex (P=0·034) and percentage skin area exposed (P=0·044) remained as predictors of 25(OH)D. Despite residing in an optimal geographic location for sunlight exposure, nearly 65 % of study adolescents were either insufficient or deficient in vitamin D. Correction and long-term prevention of this nutritional problem may be instrumental in avoiding adverse effects in adulthood attributed to low 25(OH)D during adolescence.
Mohan Rajeswary; Marimuthu Govindarajan
2014-01-01
Objective: To examine the toxicity of mosquito adulticidal activity of different solvent leaf and seed extracts of Pithecellobium dulce (P. dulce) against dengue vector, Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti). Methods: Adulticidal efficacy of the crude leaf and seed extracts of P. dulce with five different solvents like benzene, hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and chloroform was tested against the five to six day old adult female mosquitoes of Ae. aegypti. The adult mortality was observed...
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Mohan Rajeswary
2014-02-01
Full Text Available Objective: To examine the toxicity of mosquito adulticidal activity of different solvent leaf and seed extracts of Pithecellobium dulce (P. dulce against dengue vector, Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti. Methods: Adulticidal efficacy of the crude leaf and seed extracts of P. dulce with five different solvents like benzene, hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and chloroform was tested against the five to six day old adult female mosquitoes of Ae. aegypti. The adult mortality was observed after 24 h under the laboratory conditions. Results: Among the tested solvents the maximum efficacy was observed in the leaf and seed methanol extract. The LC 50 and LC90 values of P. dulce leaf and seed extract against adults of Ae. aegypti were 218.64, 257.99 mg/L and 426.05, 507.73 mg/L, respectively. No mortality was observed in controls. The Chi-square values were significant at P<0.05 level. Conclusions: From the results it can be concluded the crude extract of P. dulce leaf and seed was an excellent potential for controlling dengue vector mosquito, Ae. aegypti.
Dormancy break in Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb. Benth. seeds
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Francisco Elder Carlos Bezerra Pereira
2015-02-01
Full Text Available This research aimed to evaluate different methods for breaking dormancy in seeds of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb. Benth., arboreal species of multiple use in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil. The treatments were: control – intact seeds (T1; immersion in water until it reaches 80 °C (T2, and 100 °C (T3, concentrated sulfuric acid for five minutes (T4, 10 minutes (T5 , and 15 minutes (T6, mechanical scarification with sandpaper number 80 (T7, mechanical scarification with sandpaper number 80 + immersion in water for six hours (T8, and for 12 hours (T9, soaking in water for 24 hours (T10, and for 48 hours (T11. The characteristics evaluated were such: emergency, mean emergency time, shoot length, root length, number of leaves, leaf area and total dry matter. The best method for breaking dormancy of seeds of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb. Benth. is mechanical scarification with sandpaper number 80.
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E.H. Seck
2018-05-01
Full Text Available Bacillus salis strain ES3T (= CSUR P1478 = DSM 100598 is the type strain of B. salis sp. nov. It is an aerobic, Gram-positive, moderately halophilic, motile and spore-forming bacterium. It was isolated from commercial table salt as part of a broad culturomics study aiming to maximize the culture conditions for the in-depth exploration of halophilic bacteria in salty food. Here we describe the phenotypic characteristics of this isolate, its complete genome sequence and annotation, together with a comparison with closely related bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated 97.5% similarity with Bacillus aquimaris, the closest species. The 8 329 771 bp long genome (one chromosome, no plasmids exhibits a G+C content of 39.19%. It is composed of 18 scaffolds with 29 contigs. Of the 8303 predicted genes, 8109 were protein-coding genes and 194 were RNAs. A total of 5778 genes (71.25% were assigned a putative function. Keywords: Bacillus salis, culturomics, genome, halophilic bacteria, human gut, taxonogenomics
A Influência da Saliência da Música na Memória de Curto Prazo e na Atitude à Marca e ao Anúncio
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Arthur Geron Gonçalves Dias
2016-12-01
Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo é verificar a influência da saliência da música, em primeiro ou segundo plano, sobre a atitude à marca, ao anúncio e à memória de curto prazo. Foram escolhidas duas marcas reais para o estudo que não possuem forte atuação no mercado brasileiro para evitar o conhecimento prévio da marca. As marcas são de diferentes categorias de mercado: Chicken Treat (fast food e Mazda (automóvel. O estudo experimental utilizou a saliência da música em background e foreground como variáveis independentes, além de duas categorias de produto para comparar os resultados. Foram utilizados dois anúncios audiovisuais existentes, não veiculados no mercado brasileiro, com a manipulação de narrações e da saliência da música, em primeiro e segundo plano. Foram obtidas 180 respostas válidas, sendo 63 nas etapas pré-experimentais e 117 no experimento. Os resultados gerados para ambas as categorias de produto mostram que a memória de curto prazo espontânea é afetada pela saliência da música. As atitudes foram positivas para as duas categorias e situações de música.
Anzaldo-Campos, María Cecilia; Contreras, Sonia; Vargas-Ojeda, Adriana; Menchaca-Díaz, Rufino; Fortmann, Addie; Philis-Tsimikas, Athena
2016-04-01
The global epidemic of diabetes calls for innovative interventions. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Project Dulce model, with and without wireless technology, on glycemic control and other clinical and self-reported outcomes in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes in Mexico. Adults with type 2 diabetes and a glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of ≥8% were recruited from Family Medical Unit #27 of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) in Tijuana, México, and randomly assigned to one of three groups: Project Dulce-only (PD); Project Dulce technology-enhanced with mobile tools (PD-TE); or IMSS standard of care/control group (CG). Clinical and self-reported outcomes were assessed at baseline, Month 4, and Month 10. Time-by-group interactions and within-group changes were analyzed. HbA1c reductions from baseline to Month 10 were significantly greater in PD-TE (-3.0% [-33 mmol/mol]) and PD (-2.6% [-28.7 mmol/mol]) compared with CG (-1.3% [-14.2 mmol/mol]) (P = 0.009 and 0.001, respectively). PD-TE and PD also exhibited significant improvement in diabetes knowledge when compared with CG (P improvements were observed on other clinical and self-report indicators but did not vary significantly across groups. Project Dulce with and without wireless technology substantially improved glycemic control and diabetes knowledge in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes in a Mexican family medical unit, suggesting that integrating peer-led education, nurse coordination, and 3G wireless technology is an effective approach for improving diabetes outcomes in high-risk populations.
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Govindarajan Marimuthu
2014-04-01
Full Text Available Objective: To assess the larvicidal and ovicidal potential of the crude hexane, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol solvent extracts from the medicinal plant, Pithecellobium dulce (P. dulce against filariasis vector mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus (Cx. quinquefasciatus. Methods: Twenty five early third instar larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus were exposed to various concentrations and were assayed in the laboratory by using the protocol of WHO (2005. The larval mortality was observed after 24 h of treatment. The ovicidal activity was determined against Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquito eggs to various concentrations ranging from 100-750 mg/L under the laboratory conditions. Results: The methanol extract of the leaves and seed of P. dulce was the most effective against the larvae with LC 50 and LC90 values 164.12 mg/L, 214.29 mg/L, 289.34 mg/L and 410.18 mg/L being observed after 24 h of exposure. The efficacy of methanol was followed by that of the ethyl acetate, chloroform, benzene and hexane extracts. The mean percent hatchability of the egg rafts were observed after 48 h of treatment. About 100% mortality was observed at 500 mg/L for leaf and 750 mg/L for seed methanol extracts of P. dulce. Conclusions: From the results, it can be concluded that the larvicidal and ovicidal effect of P. dulce against Cx. quinquefasciatus make this plant product promising as an alternative to synthetic insecticide in mosquito control programs.
Aves acuáticas de la Laguna de Agua Dulce y el Estero El Ermitaño, Jalisco, México
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Salvador Hernández Vázquez
2005-06-01
Full Text Available Se analizó la presencia y número de aves acuáticas, así como la distribución estacional y espacial de los diferentes grupos en la laguna de Agua Dulce y el estero El Ermitaño, Jalisco, México, entre diciembre de 1997 a noviembre de 1998. Considerando únicamente el mes de máxima abundancia de cada especie hubo 86 471 aves en ambos humedales (29 686 en Agua Dulce y 56 785 en El ermitaño, y una abundancia acumulada (suma de las abundancias mensuales de 179 808 aves (66 976 en Agua Dulce y 112 832 en Ermitaño. Se identificaron 87 especies de aves, de las cuales 78 especies estuvieron presentes en Agua Dulce y 73 especies en El Ermitaño. La riqueza y abundancia fueron influenciados por la llegada de aves migratorias por lo que el mayor número de especies e individuos se presentó durante el invierno. En general las aves mostraron preferencia por áreas someras, excepto las marinas que prefirieron áreas arenosas y protegidas por dunas como las que se encuentran en Agua Dulce. Los demás grupos como los patos y afines prefirieron las áreas con salinidades bajas, como las que se encuentran al sureste del estero El Ermitaño. La mayor abundancia de aves playeras fue observada en niveles de agua bajos, y al igual que las garzas se les observó con mayor frecuencia en sitios con salinidades altas e influenciados por las variaciones en las mareas, como los que se encuentran cerca de la boca-barra del ErmitañoWater birds from Agua Dulce lake and El Ermitaño estuary, Jalisco, Mexico. Waterbird abundance, and seasonal and spatial distribution, were studied in two natural water pools at Jalisco, México, from December 1997 through November 1998. Maximum monthly abundance in Agua Dulce lake and El Ermitaño estuary was 86 471 birds (29 686 in Agua Dulce and 56 785 in Ermitaño, with a total cummulative abundance of 179 808 individuals (66 976 in Agua Dulce and 112 832 in Ermitaño. A total of 87 waterbirds species were recorded, 78 in Agua Dulce
Molina-Ureña, H
1996-12-01
Ichthyoplankton surveys were conducted in December (rainy season), 1993 and February (dry season), 1994, during the RV Victor Hensen German-Costa Rican Expedition to the Gulf of Nicoya and Gulfo Dulce, Costa Rica. Samples from the inner, central, and outer areas of each gulf were collected in oblique tows with a bongo net of 0.6 m mouth diameter, 2.5 m long and 1000-micron mesh. A total of 416 fish larvae of 22 families were sorted out of 14 samples. Stations of both the maximum (11) and the minimum (1) family richness were located in Golfo Dulce. Mean total larval abundances were 124.9 and 197.2 individuals 10 m-2 for the Gulf of Nicoya and Golfo Dulce, respectively, while mean larval densities ranged from 95.3 larvae 10 m-2 in December to 236.7 larvae 10 m-2 in February. However, no statistical differences between gulfs or seasons were detected, due to the high within-group variability. Cluster Analysis, Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS), and non-parametric tests showed two well-defined major groups: (1) the Gulf of Nicoya neritic assemblage, represented by Engraulids, Sciaenids, and Gobiids (inner and central stations), and (2) the oceanic assemblage, dominated by Myctophids, Bregmacerotids, Ophiidids, and Trichiurids (outer stations off the Gulf of Nicoya and Golfo Dulce). A third, although less defined group, was an Ophichthid-dominated assemblage (typical in areas nearby coral or rocky reefs). These assemblages closely resemble the clusters based upon adult fish data of the beamtrawl catches of the same cruise. This publication is the first to report on the ichthyoplankton community of Golfo Dulce.
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Vanessa Camarinha Barbosa
2013-03-01
Full Text Available Dulce de leche (DL, a dairy dessert highly appreciated in Brazil, is a concentrated product containing about 70% m/m of total solids. Thermophysical and rheological properties of two industrial Brazilian Dulce de leche formulations (classic Dulce de leche and Dulce de leche added with coconut flakes 1.5% m/m were determined at temperatures comprised between 28.4 and 76.4 °C. In general, no significant differences (p < 0.05 were observed in the presence of coconut flakes in the two formulations. Heat capacity varied from 2633.2 to 3101.8 J/kg.°C; thermal conductivity from 0.383 to 0.452 W/m.°C; specific mass from 1350.7 to 1310.7 kg/m³; and, thermal diffusivity from (1.082 × 10-7 to 1.130 × 10-7 m²/s. The Bingham model was used to properly describe the non-Newtonian behavior of both formulations, with yielding stress values varying from 27.3 to 17.6 Pa and plastic viscosity from 19.9 to 5.9 Pa.s.
Govindarajan Marimuthu; Rajeswary Mohan
2014-01-01
Objective: To assess the larvicidal and ovicidal potential of the crude hexane, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol solvent extracts from the medicinal plant, Pithecellobium dulce (P. dulce) against filariasis vector mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus (Cx. quinquefasciatus). Methods: Twenty five early third instar larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus were exposed to various concentrations and were assayed in the laboratory by using the protocol of WHO (2005). The larval mor...
Govindarajan, M.; Rajeswary, M.; Sivakumar, R.
2013-01-01
Background & objectives: In view of the recently increased interest in developing plant origin insecticides as an alternative to chemical insecticide, this study was undertaken to assess the larvicidal and ovicidal potential of the crude hexane, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol solvent extracts from the medicinal plant Pithecellobium dulce against the mosquito vectors, Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Methods: Larvicidal activity of P. dulce plant...
CONSTITUYENTES VOLÁTILES DE DOS VARIEDADES DE GUAYABA (Psidium guajava L.: Palmira ICA-1 y Glum Sali
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Clara E Quijano C
2010-08-01
Full Text Available Los constituyentes volátiles de la pulpa de dos variedades de guayaba (Psidium guajava L (Palmira ICA-1 y Glum Salí, fueron obtenidos por extracción L-L (pentano: diclorometano 1:1; los extractos concentrados se fraccionaron por Cromatografía de Columna y se analizaron por CGAR Y CGAR-EM. De la variedad Palmira - ICA-1 se identificaron 86 compuestos, siendo mayoritarios el acetato de cinamilo, el acetato de (Z 3-hexenilo y el alcohol cinnamílico. En la variedad Glum Sali, se determinaron 77 constituyentes, de los cuales predominaron cuantitativamente el (E-2-hexenal, el hexanal y el tetradecano. La principal diferencia en la composición de volátiles entre las dos variedades es el alto contenido de esteres en la primera variedad, mientras que en la Glum Sali predominaron los hidrocarburos y los aldehidos C(,. De los compuestos volátiles identificados en este trabajo, la 4- hidroxi-4-metil-2-pentanona, la 3-heptanona, el 3-hidroxibutanoato de etilo, el acetato de 2-hidroxietilo, el 1,2-propanodiol, el 1,2-etanodiol, el acetato de 3-metilbutilo y el 3-metil-2 butanol son reportados por primera vez como constituyentes del aroma de guayaba.
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M Govindarajan
2013-01-01
Full Text Available Background & objectives: In view of the recently increased interest in developing plant origin insecticides as an alternative to chemical insecticide, this study was undertaken to assess the larvicidal and ovicidal potential of the crude hexane, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol solvent extracts from the medicinal plant Pithecellobium dulce against the mosquito vectors, Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae. Methods: Larvicidal activity of P. dulce plant extracts was studied in the range of 60 to 450 mg/l against early third instar larvae of An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti in the laboratory. The larval mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. The ovicidal activity was determined against An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti to various concentrations ranging from 100 to 750 mg/l under the laboratory conditions. Mean per cent hatchability of the eggs were observed after 48 h post treatment. Results: All leaf and seed extracts showed moderate larvicidal and ovicidal effects; however, the highest larval mortality was found in methanol extract of leaf of P. dulce against the larvae of An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti with the LC 50 and LC 90 values 145.43, 155.78 mg/l and 251.23, 279.73 mg/l, respectively. The per cent hatchability was inversely proportional to the concentration of extract and directly proportional to the eggs. Zero hatchability was observed at 400 mg/l for leaf methanol extract and 625 mg/l for seed methanol extract of P. dulce against An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti, respectively. Compared to leaf extracts, seed extracts have low potency against the two mosquitoes. Interpretation & conclusions: The present results suggest that the leaf and seed extracts of P. dulce have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquitoes.
Govindarajan, M; Rajeswary, M; Sivakumar, R
2013-01-01
In view of the recently increased interest in developing plant origin insecticides as an alternative to chemical insecticide, this study was undertaken to assess the larvicidal and ovicidal potential of the crude hexane, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol solvent extracts from the medicinal plant Pithecellobium dulce against the mosquito vectors, Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Larvicidal activity of P. dulce plant extracts was studied in the range of 60 to 450 mg/l against early third instar larvae of An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti in the laboratory. The larval mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. The ovicidal activity was determined against An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti to various concentrations ranging from 100 to 750 mg/l under the laboratory conditions. Mean per cent hatchability of the eggs were observed after 48 h post treatment. All leaf and seed extracts showed moderate larvicidal and ovicidal effects; however, the highest larval mortality was found in methanol extract of leaf of P. dulce against the larvae of An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti with the LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values 145.43, 155.78 mg/l and 251.23, 279.73 mg/l, respectively. The per cent hatchability was inversely proportional to the concentration of extract and directly proportional to the eggs. Zero hatchability was observed at 400 mg/l for leaf methanol extract and 625 mg/l for seed methanol extract of P. dulce against An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti, respectively. Compared to leaf extracts, seed extracts have low potency against the two mosquitoes. The present results suggest that the leaf and seed extracts of P. dulce have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquitoes.
La narrativa de Dulce Chacón: memoria de las perdedoras
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Servén, Carmen
2006-10-01
Full Text Available Dulce Chacón´s narrative is committed to women, specially to the conflicts that women lived during the XXth century in Spain. Her writings can be divided in two main groups: on the one hand, the ones entitled The trilogy of the escape , which correspond to the beginnings of her work, and which reflect psychological concerns and feminine conflicts in Spain of the present times; on the other hand, the writings dedicated to recuperate the memories of women that were involved in the Spanish Civil war (1936-39, together with the period that corresponds to the post war. The most peculiar device in Chacón´s works is the fact that both, collective and individual identity, are related to memory, which appears to be embodied in the main characters of her stories, conditioning and determining their destiny. Dulce Chacón´s narrations point out a cultural reflection of the fighting of contemporary women in Spain, in spite of the fact that the feminine characters are not claiming any feminist doctrine in their discourses. One thing that readers should take into account is that Chacón´s stories originate from documented oral sources, and this confirms her particular interest towards oral expression and words; that might be the reason why she displays the most incredible expertise when building up the discourses of the different characters involved in the stories she wrote.La narrativa de Dulce Chacón se compromete con las mujeres, con los conflictos que ellas viven en la España del siglo XX. Sus relatos pueden dividirse en dos grupos: la Trilogía de la huida, que abarca las obras iniciales y que muestra psicología y conflictos femeninos en la España actual; y un segundo y último conjunto dedicado al rescate de la memoria de las mujeres durante la guerra civil de 1936-39 y la posguerra. En la mayor parte de las obras de la autora, la identidad individual y colectiva pende de la memoria, que se encarna en los personajes y condiciona sus destinos
Seck, E H; Diop, A; Armstrong, N; Delerce, J; Fournier, P-E; Raoult, D; Khelaifia, S
2018-05-01
Bacillus salis strain ES3 T (= CSUR P1478 = DSM 100598) is the type strain of B. salis sp. nov. It is an aerobic, Gram-positive, moderately halophilic, motile and spore-forming bacterium. It was isolated from commercial table salt as part of a broad culturomics study aiming to maximize the culture conditions for the in-depth exploration of halophilic bacteria in salty food. Here we describe the phenotypic characteristics of this isolate, its complete genome sequence and annotation, together with a comparison with closely related bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated 97.5% similarity with Bacillus aquimaris, the closest species. The 8 329 771 bp long genome (one chromosome, no plasmids) exhibits a G+C content of 39.19%. It is composed of 18 scaffolds with 29 contigs. Of the 8303 predicted genes, 8109 were protein-coding genes and 194 were RNAs. A total of 5778 genes (71.25%) were assigned a putative function.
Uncovering activity cliff generators using distribution of SALI values
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José L. Medina-Franco
2018-01-01
Full Text Available Los acantilados de actividad se definen como compuestos con alta similitud estructural, pero también con altadiferencia en potencia. Estos compuestos tienen un impacto significativo en la optimización de líderes en químicamedicinal y en aplicaciones computacionales, como el desarrollo de modelos predictivos y en la selección demoléculas de referencia en búsquedas basadas en similitud molecular. Por lo tanto, es de gran relevancia laidentificación de compuestos altamente asociados con los acantilados como por ejemplo los “generadores deacantilados de actividad”. En este trabajo se reportan la identificación de acantilados de actividad y las relacionesestructura-actividad de un grupo de 289 compuestos obtenidos por síntesis química que han sido evaluados a travésde una proteína quinasa reguladora de receptores acoplados a proteínas-G. Para considerar la información demúltiples representaciones estructurales, se empleó el promedio del índice SALI (Structure-Activity Landscape Indexy se discuten también fragmentos estructurales responsables de la actividad biológica.
Megala, Jayaraman; Geetha, Arumugam
2015-10-01
The edible fruits of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. are traditionally used for various gastric complications in India. Here, we investigated the antiulcer activity of hydroalcoholic fruit extract of P. dulce (HAEPD) by applying cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer model in rats. Duodenal ulcer was induced in male albino Wistar rats by oral administration of cysteamine @ 420 mg/kg body wt. as a single dose. The rats were pre-administered orally with HAEPD @ 200 mg/kg body wt. for 30 days prior to ulcer induction. Rats pre-administered with ranitidine @ 30 mg/kg body wt. served as reference drug control. Ulcer score, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glycoproteins, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione levels were measured in the duodenum. Rats pre-administered with the HAEPD showed significantly reduced ulcer score comparable to that of ranitidine pretreated rats. The co-administration of HAEPD lowered the TBARS level and also restored the levels of glycoproteins, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Histopathological observations confirmed the presence of inflammation, necrosis and hemorrhagic spots in the duodenum of ulcer control rats which were significantly reduced due to HAEPD treatment. No abnormal alterations were observed in normal rats treated with HAEPD at the dosage studied. The results demonstrated antioxidant and cytoprotective nature of P. dulce, and thereby its significant anti ulcer property.
A concordancia de numero no sintagma nominal na fala urbana de Rio Branco
Raimunda Coelho de Carvalho
1997-01-01
Resumo: Este trabalho trata da descrição e análise da concordância de número no sintagma nominal, tendo como amostra de fala a Língua Portuguesa da classe baixa da comunidade urbana de Rio Branco (Estado do Acre), sob a perspectiva da Sociolingüística Variacionista, aliada a alguns aspectos do Funcionalismo lingüístico. Após a fundamentação teórica, procedeu-se à descrição e à análise da variável lingüística Saliência fônica, subdividida em três dimensões: Processos morfofonológicos de formaç...
Silva,Inês Machline; Peixoto,Ariane Luna
2009-01-01
Este artigo analisa as prováveis razões de introdução e comercialização de uma espécie de uso medicinal em um mercado popular urbano na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil - o Mercado de Madureira. Durante os anos de 2005 e 2006 aplicaram-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas a 15 erveiros obtendo-se o freelist das espécies consideradas como mais comercializadas (97) a partir do qual se calculou o índice de saliência, que para o abajurú (Eugenia rotundifolia Casar), foi elevado. A espécie conhecida n...
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Agustín Olmedo-Juárez
2014-10-01
Full Text Available An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of two lyophilised aqueous extracts of Lysiloma acapulcensis (LAE and Phitecellobium dulce (PDE tree leaves on in vitro assessment of hatching of eggs, larval development and migration of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep using a general linear model. Treatments contained extracts from both species at concentrations of 0, 125, 250 and 500 μg/mL. Both albendazole and levamisole were used at a level of 1% as positive control. The extract of LAE, compared to PDE, showed better inhibition (P<0.05 of egg hatching. Different doses of both the LAE and PDE extracts showed a larvicidal effect (P<0.05 on all larvae exposed to different doses of the extracts. In the larval migration assay, a similar effect with levamisole at doses of 250 and 500 μg/mL occurred with the LAE extract. The extract of P. dulce had a lower larvicidal effect (P<0.05 than levamisole and L. acapulcensis extracts. Using aqueous extracts of both species of L. acapulcensis and P. dulce could be a promising alternative to synthetic anthelmintics as treatments of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep in organic and conventional production systems under subtropical conditions.
Caritá, Lucas Antonio; Rodrigues, Irapuan; Puerari, Ivânio; Schiavo, Luiz Eduardo Camargo Aranha
2018-04-01
The Smaller Alignment Index (SALI) is a mathematical tool, not yet conventional, for chaos detection in the phase space of Hamiltonian Dynamical Systems. The SALI values has temporal behaviors very specific to ordered or chaotic motions, what makes the distinction between order and chaos easily observable in these systems. In this paper, this method will be applied to the stability study of stellar orbits immersed in gravitational potential of barred galaxies, since the motion of a test particle in a rotating barred galaxy model is given by a Hamiltonian function. Extracting four parameter sets from the Manos and Athanassoula (2011) work and elaborating a different initial conditions set for each case, we were able to introduce another point of view of their stability study for two degrees of freedom. We have also introduced two new extreme models that corroborates with the conclusions that more axisymmetric bars create an environment with less chaos and that more massive bars create an environment with more chaos. Separate studies were carried out for prograde and retrograde orbits that showed that the retrograde orbits seem more conducive to chaos. To perform all the orbits integrations we used the LP-VIcode program.
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Julián Estrada
1987-04-01
Full Text Available No sin razón en 1976 Germán Castro Caicedo tituló Colombia amarga a una recopilación de informaciones periodísticas sobre la situación social de nuestro país, las cuales, sin lugar a dudas, justificaban dicho título. Diez años más tarde (diciembre de 1986, el Instituto Distrital de Cultura y Turismo de Bogotá organiza en el Planetario Distrital una conspicua exposición divulgada bajo el nombre de Geografía Dulce de Colombia. Aun cuando se trata de dos realizaciones diametralmente opuestas, en donde la denominación de la primera posee una validez inobjetable, es nuestra intención, con este comentario, no solamente justificar el acertado nombre asignado a la mencionada exposición, sino también rescatar su valioso contenido como expresión sociocultural de las diferentes regiones geográficas que conforman el territorio colombiano.
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mujica, H.; Marotta, L.
1968-12-01
This work is about a study of separation and concentration of heavy minerals from the black sand in Aguas dulces beach - Rocha. The beneficial minerals in that prospected zone are: ilmenite, zircon, rutile and monazite, associated with gangue minerals
Evaluation of Aguas Dulces Black sands reserves, Rocha, Uruguay
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ferrando, L.; Bossi, J.; Maldonado, S.; Schipilov; Campal, N.
2003-01-01
Black sands data in Aguas Dulces (Rocha) studied by ANCAP during 60 were reanalyzed with geological criterion in order to redefine the prefactibility of economic explotation with the present infrastructure and world market conditions.The sand deposits is limited between a high slope palaeocost and the ocean, with medium depth of 10m and 2% of useful minerals:ilmenite, rutile, monazite and zircon.Mineral reserves expressed in thousands of tons are of 3 kinds:proved (3.600), probable (5.500) and possible (16.000=.Demonstrated reserves (proved + probable) allow to estimate a value of U$S 650 million, taking in account year 2000 prices. A factory to process about 7 millions ton of raw sand needs an investment of U$S 13 million and will produce a sale of U$S 8 million per year
Contreras, Sonia; Vargas-Ojeda, Adriana; Menchaca-Díaz, Rufino; Fortmann, Addie; Philis-Tsimikas, Athena
2016-01-01
Abstract Background: The global epidemic of diabetes calls for innovative interventions. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Project Dulce model, with and without wireless technology, on glycemic control and other clinical and self-reported outcomes in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes in Mexico. Subjects and Methods: Adults with type 2 diabetes and a glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of ≥8% were recruited from Family Medical Unit #27 of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) in Tijuana, México, and randomly assigned to one of three groups: Project Dulce–only (PD); Project Dulce technology-enhanced with mobile tools (PD-TE); or IMSS standard of care/control group (CG). Clinical and self-reported outcomes were assessed at baseline, Month 4, and Month 10. Time-by-group interactions and within-group changes were analyzed. Results: HbA1c reductions from baseline to Month 10 were significantly greater in PD-TE (−3.0% [−33 mmol/mol]) and PD (−2.6% [−28.7 mmol/mol]) compared with CG (−1.3% [−14.2 mmol/mol]) (P = 0.009 and 0.001, respectively). PD-TE and PD also exhibited significant improvement in diabetes knowledge when compared with CG (P diabetes knowledge in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes in a Mexican family medical unit, suggesting that integrating peer-led education, nurse coordination, and 3G wireless technology is an effective approach for improving diabetes outcomes in high-risk populations. PMID:26914371
An Acylated Kaempferol Glycoside from Flowers of Foeniculum vulgare and F. Dulce
Soliman, Fathy M.; Shehata, Afaf H.; Khaleel, Amal E.; Ezzat, Shahera M.
2002-01-01
An acylated kaempferol glycoside, namely kaempferol-3-O-α-L-(2”,3”-di-E-pcoumaroyl)-rhamnoside (1) was isolated from the flowers of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. and F. dulce DC. It is thus isolated for the first time from family Apiaceae. In addition, the different organs of both plants afforded six flavonoid glycosides - namely afzelin (kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside) (2), quercitrin (3), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (4), isoquercitrin (5), rutin (6), and miquelianin (quercetin-3...
Photovoltaic demonstration project. Final report
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Jicarilla Apache Tribe
2002-01-01
The Jicarilla Apache Nation is in Rio Arriba County in North Central New Mexico. The photovoltaic project was installed at the Dulce High School in the town of Dulce. Dulce is in the most northern part of the reservation near the New Mexico/Colorado boundary and can be reached from the New Mexico State Capitol in Santa Fe, hence to the town of Chama along U.S. Highway 84 to the junction of U.S. Highway 64. Dulce is about 12 miles west of the junction along U.S. Highway 64. Dulce community is in the mountainous part of the Nation with a population of about 4000. No industry exists in the community, however, a few commercial sites do exist such as a motel, restaurants, gas stations, food and liquor stores
Renewable Energy Research & Development
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Jicarilla Apache Tribe
2003-04-01
The Jicarilla Apache Nation is in Rio Arriba County in North Central New Mexico. The photovoltaic project was installed at the Dulce High School in the town of Dulce. Dulce is in the most northern part of the reservation near the New Mexico/Colorado boundary and can be reached from the New Mexico State Capitol in Santa Fe, hence to the town of Chama along U.S. Highway 84 to the junction of U.S. Highway 64. Dulce is about 12 miles west of the junction along U.S. Highway 64. Dulce community is in the mountainous part of the Nation with a population of about 4000. No industry exists in the community, however, a few commercial sites do exist such as a motel, restaurants, gas stations, food and liquor stores.
Rodriguez, Jose M.
2000-01-01
Stormwater discharges from Las Flores Industrial Park, Rio Grande, Puerto Rico, were characterized from June 1998 to July 1999 by measuring the flow rate at two outfalls, delineating the drainage areas for each outfall, and calculating the volume of the stormwater discharges. Stormwater-discharge samples were collected and analyzed to determine the quality of the discharges. Constituent loads and loads per area were estimated for each drainage area. The studied drainage subareas covered approximately 46 percent of the total area of the Las Flores Industrial Park. Industrial groups represented in the study areas include manufacturers of textile, electronics, paper, fabricated metal, plastic, and chemical products. The concentrations of oil and grease (1 to 6 milligrams per liter), biochemical oxygen demand (4.7 to 16 milligrams per liter), total organic carbon (5.8 to 36 milligrams per liter), total suspended solids (28 to 100 milligrams per liter), and total phosphorous (0.11 to 0.78 milligrams per liter) from all the samples collected were less than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency stormwater benchmark concentrations. Concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (15.8 to 157 milligrams per liter) and nitrate and nitrite (0.06 to 1.75 milligrams per liter) exceeded benchmark concentrations at one of the studied drainage areas. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen concentrations (1.00 to 3.20 milligrams per liter) exceeded the benchmark concentrations at the two studied drainage areas. Maximum concentrations for oil and grease, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrate plus nitrite, and total phosphorous were detected in an area where electronics, plastics, and chemical products are currently manufactured. The maximum concentration of total suspended solids was detected at an area where textile, paper, plastic, chemical, and fabricated metal products are manufactured.
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Carlos Rogério de Mello
2010-04-01
Full Text Available Vazões máximas são grandezas hidrológicas aplicadas a projetos de obras hidráulicas e vazões mínimas são utilizadas para a avaliação das disponibilidades hídricas em bacias hidrográficas e comportamento do escoamento subterrâneo. Neste estudo, objetivou-se à construção de intervalos de confiança estatísticos para vazões máximas e mínimas diárias anuais e sua relação com as características fisiográficas das 6 maiores bacias hidrográficas da região Alto Rio Grande à montante da represa da UHE-Camargos/CEMIG. As distribuições de probabilidades Gumbel e Gama foram aplicadas, respectivamente, para séries históricas de vazões máximas e mínimas, utilizando os estimadores de Máxima Verossimilhança. Os intervalos de confiança constituem-se em uma importante ferramenta para o melhor entendimento e estimativa das vazões, sendo influenciado pelas características geológicas das bacias. Com base nos mesmos, verificou-se que a região Alto Rio Grande possui duas áreas distintas: a primeira, abrangendo as bacias Aiuruoca, Carvalhos e Bom Jardim, que apresentaram as maiores vazões máximas e mínimas, significando potencialidade para cheias mais significativas e maiores disponibilidades hídricas; a segunda, associada às bacias F. Laranjeiras, Madre de Deus e Andrelândia, que apresentaram as menores disponibilidades hídricas.Maximum discharges are applied to hydraulic structure design and minimum discharges are used to characterize water availability in hydrographic basins and subterranean flow. This study is aimed at estimating the confidence statistical intervals for maximum and minimum annual discharges and their relationship wih the physical characteristics of basins in the Alto Rio Grande Region, State of Minas Gerais. The study was developed for the six (6 greatest Alto Rio Grande Region basins at upstream of the UHE-Camargos/CEMIG reservoir. Gumbel and Gama probability distribution models were applied to the
Superação de dormência em sementes de Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth.
Pereira, Francisco Elder Carlos Bezerra; Universidade Federal do Ceará; Guimarães, Isaías Porfírio; Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido; Torres, Salvador Barros; Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido; Benedito, Clarisse Pereira; Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido
2015-01-01
This research aimed to evaluate different methods for breaking dormancy in seeds of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth., arboreal species of multiple use in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil. The treatments were: control – intact seeds (T1); immersion in water until it reaches 80 °C (T2), and 100 °C (T3), concentrated sulfuric acid for five minutes (T4), 10 minutes (T5 ), and 15 minutes (T6), mechanical scarification with sandpaper number 80 (T7), mechanical scarification with sandpaper...
Comportamiento de las masas de agua en el Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica durante El Niño (1997 - 1998
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Marco A Quesada-Alpízar
2004-12-01
Full Text Available Los patrones de circulación oceánica, la estructura vertical de la columna de agua y la posición vertical de la termoclina son factores de gran importancia para comprender la distribución vertical de los organismos planctónicos en los océanos. Este trabajo estudia la hidrografía del Golfo Dulce, un fiordo tropical en el Pacífico Oriental Tropical (POT, y la posible influencia sobre dicho sistema del ENOS 1997-1998. Se seleccionó un total de cinco estaciones de muestreo, para las cuales se obtuvo, mensualmente, perfiles verticales de temperatura (ºC, salinidad (‰ y oxígeno disuelto (mg O2 /l durante un periodo de dos años. Los resultados muestran una fuerte estratificación vertical de la columna de agua asociada a la morfología de la cuenca del Golfo Dulce y a la incidencia del fenómeno ENOS. Además, se determinó que existen diferencias significativas en las características hidrográficas de las partes interna y externa de la cuenca del Golfo Dulce. Finalmente, se detectaron eventos bianuales de entrada de agua oceánica fría, con salinidad y concentraciones de oxígeno disuelto relativamente altas, a la cuenca. Estos eventos podrían estar asociados al sistema de afloramiento costero del Golfo de PanamáIn order to understand the vertical distribution of planktonic organisms in the oceans, it is important to consider a number of factors. Including oceanic circulation patterns, the vertical structure of the water column and the vertical position of the thermocline. This study examines the hydrography of Golfo Dulce, a tropical fjord -like embayment in the Eastern Tropical Pacific, and the influence of the 1997-1998 ENSO on the system. Five sampling stations were selected and visited once a month for two years in order to obtain vertical profiles of temperature (ºC, salinity (‰ and dissolved oxygen (mg O² /l. Results show a strong vertical stratification of the water column associated to the morphology of Golfo Dulce
Comportamiento de variedades de Chile dulce (capsicum annum en la región occidental de el Salvador
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Lesser Linares
2004-01-01
Full Text Available Capsicun annum en la región occidental de El Salvador. Con el objetivo de seleccionar material vegetativo adaptable a las diferentes condiciones agroecológicas de El Salvador, se implementó una investigación de seis variedades de chile dulce. Los ensayos se realizaron en Candelaria de la Frontera, Atiquizaya y Chalchuapa en el año 2002. El diseño experimental fue de bloques al azar, con cuatro repeticiones y seis tratamientos, conformados por los variedades Nathalie, Comandante, Lido, Tikal, Quetzal y una variedad Criolla. Hubo diferencias significativas al 1 % de probabilidad para las variables de altura de planta, largo, peso, diámetro, numero de frutos y rendimiento, en el combinado de las tres localidades. El material Nathalie, sobresalió en las variables altura de planta (0,49 m, número de frutos (259.500 frutos/ha, y rendimiento (25,11 t/ha, y como consecuencia reportó el mejor ingreso ($ 19.332,80 y la mejor relación beneficio costo (3,31. La duración de anaquel varió entre seis y nueve días con respecto a los diferentes materiales de chile dulce. Los resultados obtenidos podrían crear la base para validar el cultivar Nathalie en las zonas de influencia.
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Carmen Perilli
2007-12-01
Full Text Available La novela En esta dulce tierra arma un simulacro histórico que se desintegra en una narración de finales múltiples. Parodia su nombre "en esta dulce tierra" ya que el circunstancial anuncia sucesos terribles que hacen estallar el adjetivo. Remite a la literatura decimonónica, en especial a los romances fundacionales como Amalia de José Mármol. La nación se imagina como espacio cerrado, clausurado por el despotismo en el asilo, la morgue, la cárcel, el sótano. Los protagonistas se mueven ilusoriamente de Sur a Norte. Si Sarmiento invoca la sombra de Facundo, Rivera evoca en Cufré otras propias sombras, dobles en tiempos y lugares otros. La narración de la historia argentina es la narración de una derrota, la de la civilización. La imagen histórica es disfórica: el mundo está enfermo, ebrio de sangre y violencia. Facundo es la sombra de la barbarie, cifra de la naturaleza americana, producto de los llanos riojanos. Cufré es la sombra de una clase "culta" que dibuja en su trayectoria una figura paradojal. Las dos son víctimas de una tierra concebida como naturaleza bárbara en un caso y de una tierra construida como patria siniestra en el otro. El Poder actúa como una segunda naturaleza que, en esta tierra, tiene el sabor de la muerte.The novel En esta dulce tierra sets up a historical pretense that disintegrates into several endings. The title is an irony, since terrible events take place in this "sweet land." It refers to the literature of the XIX century, especially to the founding romances such as that of José Mármol's Amalia. The nation is envisioned as a closed space relegated by despotism to the asylum, the morgue, the jail, the basement. The characters live an illusion moving from north to south. If Sarmiento invokes the shadow of Facundo, Rivera evokes some of his own shadows in Cufré, doubles in different times and spaces. The narration of the Argentine history is a story of defeat: civilizarion's. The historical
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Silvina Maldonado
2008-06-01
Full Text Available El yacón (Smallanthus sonchifolius es un tubérculo andino cultivado en las laderas de los Andes. Es una planta perenne que llega a su madurez entre 6-7 meses hasta 1 año, según la altura sobre el nivel del mar. Este trabajo propone la formulación de un producto alimenticio a partir de yacón por agregado de solutos: glucosa y sacarosa y combinación de barreras de estrés. Se estudió el efecto de gelificantes: agar-agar, pectina y goma arábiga, en tres concentraciones: 0,30, 0,41 y 0,48%. Se agregó benzoato de sodio, metabisulfito de sodio y ácido cítrico. Se desarrolló un dulce tipo pan. Se registró la evolución de temperatura durante la cocción. Se empacó y envasó el dulce en bandejas. Se analizaron parámetros de textura principales y secundarios. La formulación que alcanzó valores de textura similares a la referencia fue: 0,48% de agar-agar; 12% de sacarosa; 17% de glucosa; 23% de agua; 996,75 ppm de metabisulfito; 498,50 ppm de ácido cítrico y 1435,7 ppm de benzoato de sodio. Se realizó una prueba sensorial a través de la evaluación de los parámetros más representativos de la textura, utilizando para ello una escala hedónica, determinando la aceptación de la formulación seleccionada.O yacón (Smallanthus sonchifolius é um tubérculo andino cultivado nas encostas Dos Andes. É uma planta perene que chega a sua maduração entre 6 meses e 1 ano. Este trabalho propõe a formulação de um produto alimentício a partir do yacón agregando solutos: glicose, sacarose e combinação de barreiras de estresse. Estudou-se o efeito de gelificantes: ágar-ágar e arábica, em três concentrações 0.30, 0.41 e 0.48%. Agregou-se benzoato de sódio, metabisulfito de sódio, e ácido cítrico. Desenvolveu-se um doce tipo pão. Registrou-se a evolução da temperatura durate cozimento. Empacotou-se e envasou-se o doce em bandejas. Analisaram-se parâmetros de textura principais e secundários. A formulação que atingiu os
An Acylated Kaempferol Glycoside from Flowers of Foeniculum vulgare and F. Dulce
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Shahera M. Ezzat
2002-02-01
Full Text Available An acylated kaempferol glycoside, namely kaempferol-3-O-α-L-(2”,3”-di-E-pcoumaroyl-rhamnoside (1 was isolated from the flowers of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. and F. dulce DC. It is thus isolated for the first time from family Apiaceae. In addition, the different organs of both plants afforded six flavonoid glycosides - namely afzelin (kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (2, quercitrin (3, isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (4, isoquercitrin (5, rutin (6, and miquelianin (quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide (7. Structure elucidation of the above mentioned flavonoids was achieved by UV, 1H- and 13C-NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC and EI-MS.
Innovaciones para la elaboración de productos lácteos azucarados saludables tipo dulce de leche
Ranalli, Natalia
2015-01-01
La presente Tesis está enfocada en contribuir al desarrollo de alimentos procesados sanos y nutritivos mediante la modificación y mejora de formulaciones y procesos involucrados en la elaboración de productos lácteos azucarados tipo dulce de leche reemplazando totalmente la fase lipídica de origen bovino por aceite vegetal rico en ácidos grasos insaturados. Se buscó que dicho reemplazo mejore el perfil de ácidos grasos del producto, disminuyendo los saturados provenientes de la lech...
Pudrición basal del ají dulce por haematonectria haematococca en el estado mérida, venezuela
Cedeño, Luis; Carrero, Chrystian; Jaimez, Ramón
2003-01-01
Se determinó Haematonectria haematococca (anamorfo Fusarium solani) como el agente causal de la enfermedad que en mayo 2002 pudrió el cuello y las raíces de aproximadamente 20000 plantas de ají dulce (Capsicum chinense), cultivadas bajo sombra de plantas de parchita (Passiflora edulis f. sp. flavicarpa) en el Municipio Alberto Adriani, estado Mérida, Venezuela. Posteriormente la enfermedad fue detectada en La Mucuy, Municipio Santos Marquina de Mérida. En el cuello de las plantas muertas, el ...
Studies on water soluble polysaccharides from Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. seeds.
Bagchi, S; Kumar, K Jayaram
2016-03-15
In this existing experimental work, water soluble PDP polysaccharides were secluded from Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. seeds. The physicochemical properties were analyzed in terms of swelling power, solubility, pH and water holding capacity. Micromeretic studies proved the polysaccharide may be used a potential pharmaceutical adjuvant. The polysaccharide was characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TGA and NMR techniques. Methylation analysis confirmed that the polysaccharide is composed of Arabinose (Araf) units. The chemical shifts of anomeric proton region were found in the region of 4.4-5.5ppm. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that PDP polysaccharide was thermally stable. The in vitro antioxidant capacities of the polysaccharide were investigated in terms of scavenging of hydroxyl radicals, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and reducing power assay. The polysaccharide fractions showed activity in a concentration dependent manner which was comparable to the standard, ascorbic acid. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Adriana Lucia Rodríguez Rodríguez
2015-09-01
Full Text Available La investigación se desarrolló con el propósito de diagnosticar las causas de afectaciones microbiológicas en el dulce de leche saborizado en barra antes de los 7 días de garantía, conservado a temperatura ambiente en los puntos de venta, deteriorando los parámetros de calidad del producto, por lo que se procedió a la realización de un diagnóstico en estos puntos donde se comercializa el surtido, relacionando los factores temperatura – humedad, así como entrevistas realizadas a clientes y trabajadores que allí laboran. En la industria también se realizó un diagnóstico que incluyó desde el estudio minucioso y análisis físicos-químicos, organolépticos y microbiológicos de todas las materias primas y materiales que se utilizan en la elaboración del dulce de leche, hasta el control de calidad del producto terminado expuesto a diferentes valores de temperatura y humedad relativa, con observación diaria de la muestras en vida estate y análisis realizados en intervalos de 7 días, determinando que la exposición del producto a temperatura ambiente propicia el desarrollo microbiano y que el menor valor de temperatura estudiado 18 0C, garantiza una durabilidad en el dulce de leche saborizado en barra de 30 días.
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Gérard A. Toudji
2017-10-01
Full Text Available Context: Pithecellobium dulce (PD is an annual herbaceous plant commonly used in African traditional medicine as a purgative, antipyretic, anti-ulcer and wound dressing agent. Aims: To evaluate the acute and sub-acute toxicity of P. dulce stem bark hydroethanolic extract in Wistar rats. Methods: In the acute test, a single dose of 5 g/kg body weight was administered to Wistar rats afterwards they were observed individually 4 hours post-dosing, and at least once daily for 14 consecutive days. The sub-acute toxicity was evaluated by daily oral administration of 0.5 and 1 g/kg extract, for 28 days. Biochemical and hematological parameters assessment as well as body and organ weights of the rats were carried out. Results: The limit dose of 5 g/kg did not cause any mortality or signs of acute toxicity on the rats during the experimentation period. In the sub-acute test, uterus-ovary-trompe (UOT weight decreased dose-dependently: Control group (0.82 ± 0.03 g; Extract 0.5 g/kg (0.57 ± 0.06 g; Extract 1g/kg (0.48 ± 0.01 g (p ˂ 0.01. Extract lowered urea values in female group treated with 1 g/kg (p < 0.01. Lymphocytes percentage was dose dependently increased in treated male groups: Control group (53.00 ± 0.58%; extract 0.5 g/kg (58.67 ± 0.67% and extract 1 g/kg (60.67 ± 2.41%. Conclusions: These findings suggest that PD is relatively safe when administered orally in rats but is slightly atrophic for female reproductive organs.
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Marcia Alves CHAVES
2018-03-01
Full Text Available Abstract A factorial categorical design totalling six treatments was applied to investigate the influence of the substitution of corn starch with whole and partially defatted chia flour under the technical characteristics (centesimal composition, instrumental analyses, and sensory evaluation and nutritional disorders (composition of fatty acids and index of the nutritional quality of the lipid fraction of ‘dulce de leche’ concentrated to 72 and 78 °B. The treatments with chia flour concentrated to 72 °B showed higher moisture content and lower compression force, and when the concentration range increased to 78 °B, the levels of total lipids amounted up to 1.40 times when compared to treatment with corn starch. The polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly omega-3 and omega-6 levels, were higher in treatments with chia flour on both tracks of concentration, allowing a reduction in the atherogenic index and thrombogenic index effects and the n-6/n-3 ratio. The treatments of ‘dulce de leche’ with a lower concentration of soluble solids obtained greater acceptance and consumer purchase intention. The application of whole chia flour in small proportions and in the concentration of 72 °B was the most appropriate under the studied conditions, showing improvement in the nutritional quality and with good technical aspects of candy made with goat milk.
Geohydrology of White Rock Canyon of the Rio Grande from Otowi to Frijoles Canyon
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Purtymun, W.D.; Peters, R.J.; Owens, J.W.
1980-12-01
Twenty-seven springs discharge from the Totavi Lentil and Tesuque Formation in White Rock Canyon. Water generally acquires its chemical characteristics from rock units that comprise the spring aquifer. Twenty-two of the springs are separated into three groups of similar aquifer-related chemical quality. The five remaining springs make up a fourth group with a chemical quality that differs due to localized conditions in the aquifer. Localized conditions may be related to recharge or discharge in or near basalt intrusion or through faults. Streams from Pajarito, Ancho, and Frijoles Canyons discharge into the Rio Grande in White Rock Canyon. The base flow in the streams is from springs. Sanitary effluent in Mortandad Canyon from the treatment plant at White Rock also reaches the Rio Grande
Escobar Silva, Nelly Jacqueline
2014-01-01
This work allowed the study of biodegradation of four types of oxo-biodegradable bags by environmental conditions simulated in fresh and salt water of the Costa, Sierra and Oriente regions. El presente trabajo permitió el estudio de la biodegradación de cuatro tipos de bolsas oxo-biodegradables mediante condiciones ambientales simuladas en el agua dulce y salada de las regiones Costa, Sierra y Oriente ecuatoriano.
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Inês Machline Silva
Full Text Available Este artigo analisa as prováveis razões de introdução e comercialização de uma espécie de uso medicinal em um mercado popular urbano na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil - o Mercado de Madureira. Durante os anos de 2005 e 2006 aplicaram-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas a 15 erveiros obtendo-se o freelist das espécies consideradas como mais comercializadas (97 a partir do qual se calculou o índice de saliência, que para o abajurú (Eugenia rotundifolia Casar, foi elevado. A espécie conhecida na literatura e comercializada como abajurú é Chysobalanus icaco L., que apresenta propriedades hipoglicemiantes comprovadas por pesquisas farmacológicas e é utilizada pela população para este fim; no entanto, verificou-se, nesse mercado, a venda quase exclusiva de E. rotundifolia, com esse nome popular e mesma propriedade. Até o momento não existem dados farmacológicos para essa espécie. Ambas são nativas e ocorrem, predominantemente, nas restingas litorâneas do estado do Rio de Janeiro. A atribuição da atividade hipoglicemiante a E. rotundifolia pode indicar uma correlação, por parte dos erveiros, com a farmacologia de outras espécies de Myrtaceae. Questões relacionadas à fiscalização ambiental bem como desconhecimento e coleta equivocada podem também estar envolvidos nesse processo.
Pikart, Tiago G; Costa, Valmir A; Hansson, Christer; Zanuncio, José C; Serrão, José E
2015-08-04
Horismenus abnormicaulis sp. nov., H. patensis sp. nov. and H. zuleidae sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), all authored by Pikart, Costa & Hansson, are described from material obtained from seed pods of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. (Fabaceae) collected in Northeastern Brazil. The seed pods were infested with larvae of Coleoptera (Chrysomelidae (Bruchinae) and Curculionidae). The associations of the Horismenus species and the beetle larvae have not been established. Morphological similarities between these new species and previously described species with host known suggest that H. patensis and H. zuleidae are primary parasitoids of Bruchinae, whereas H. abnormicaulis may act as a hyperparasitoid on other Horismenus species. The three species are compared with similar species of Horismenus.
Goyal, Pooja; Kachhwaha, Sumita; Kothari, S. L.
2012-01-01
An efficient and reproducible protocol has been developed for in vitro propagation of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth (a multipurpose leguminous tree) from field grown nodal segments (axillary bud). Shoot bud induction occurred from nodal explants of 15-years-old tree on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 4.4 μM 6-benzyladenine (BA) and multiplication was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 4.4 μM BA + 0.73 μM phenylacetic acid (PAA) i.e. up to 7 shoot buds in the ...
Valdevino, Gisele de Castro Maciel
2016-01-01
peixe-boi-da-Amaz?nia (Trichechus inunguis) ? end?mico da bacia Amaz?nica e exclusivo de ?gua doce. Apresenta apomorfias em rela??o aos outros triquequ?deos, derivadas de sua adapta??o ao ambiente dulc?cola e distribui-se desde as cabeceiras de rios no Equador, Peru e Col?mbia at? o estu?rio do Rio Amazonas, no Brasil. Apesar dos estudos sobre a morfologia desta esp?cie, nenhum estudo ontogen?tico sincraniano foi desenvolvido ao longo de sua distribui??o. Estudos morfol?gicos e...
Design of a mathematical model for the analysis of pollutant transport in the Rio Alajuela
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Morales Mora, Martin Rodolfo
2014-01-01
A mathematical model is developed to analyze the transport of pollutants over time and mainstem of the Rio Alajuela. The environmental resilience thereof is assessed and the physical and morphological characteristics of its basin. The basin hydrological information is obtained from the record 842418 flow station, Alajuela. A spatial distribution of the flow is generated along the entire channel of the Rio Alajuela. The hydraulic and environmental parameters are estimated based on four discharge curves created from information of the four points of capacity used by the Centro de Investigacion en Desarrollo Sostenible (CIEDES) on work done during the year 2012 in the Rio Alajuela. The numerical model developed has used the one-dimensional advection-dispersion equation with reaction, in which the derivatives were transformed into finite differences through the use of an explicit scheme called: Aguas Arriba. The upstream model used by the CIEDES is applied to the Rio Alajuela. The information of the flows is taken into account together with the estimated coefficients of dispersion and reaction, generating five different scenarios in which it is assessed the resilience of the river. The results have showed that the resilience to pollution by discharges of domestic wastewater of the Rio Alajuela is zero, also it has carried pollution into the lower parts. The intervention of the Municipalidad de Alajuela is recommended for control of illegal discharges into the river. The construction of infrastructure has been for the improvement of domestic wastewater, especially in the middle of the basin by high urban concentration that has generated to be the zone with greater pollution. (author) [es
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Vanessa Camarinha Barbosa
2013-03-01
Full Text Available Dulce de leche (DL, a dairy dessert highly appreciated in Brazil, is a concentrated product containing about 70% m/m of total solids. Thermophysical and rheological properties of two industrial Brazilian Dulce de leche formulations (classic Dulce de leche and Dulce de leche added with coconut flakes 1.5% m/m were determined at temperatures comprised between 28.4 and 76.4 °C. In general, no significant differences (p Doce de leite é uma sobremesa láctea concentrada (cerca de 70% de sólidos muito apreciada no Brasil. Propriedades termofísicas e reológicas de duas formulações de doce de leite brasileiro (puro e adicionado de coco ralado a 1,5% em massa foram determinadas a temperaturas compreendidas entre 28,4 e 76,4 °C. No geral, a presença de flocos de coco não acarretou diferenças significativas (p < 0,05 nestas propriedades das duas formulações. A capacidade calorífica variou entre (2633,2 e 3101,8 J/kg.°C; a condutividade térmica entre (0,383 e 0,452 W/m°C; a massa específica entre (1350,7 e 1310,7 kg/m³; e enfim, a difusividade térmica entre (1,082 × 10-7 e 1,130 × 10-7 m²/s. O modelo de Bingham descreveu adequadamente o comportamento não Newtoniano dos dois produtos, com tensão crítica de escoamento variando entre (27,3 e 17,6 Pa e a viscosidade plástica de (19,9 a 5,9 Pa.s.
Goyal, Pooja; Kachhwaha, Sumita; Kothari, S L
2012-04-01
An efficient and reproducible protocol has been developed for in vitro propagation of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth (a multipurpose leguminous tree) from field grown nodal segments (axillary bud). Shoot bud induction occurred from nodal explants of 15-years-old tree on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 4.4 μM 6-benzyladenine (BA) and multiplication was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 4.4 μM BA + 0.73 μM phenylacetic acid (PAA) i.e. up to 7 shoot buds in the period of 5-6 weeks. Addition of adenine sulphate (AdS) to this medium further enhanced the number of shoot buds up to 10. Proliferating shoot cultures were established by repeatedly subculturing primary culture on fresh medium (MS + 4.4 μM BA + 0.73 μM PAA) after every 25 days. In vitro rooting was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 2.46 μM Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) + 41.63 μM activated charcoal (AC). The micropropagated shoots with well developed roots were acclimatized in green house in pots containing sand, soil and manure (1:1:1). Genetic stability of micropropagated clones was evaluated using Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The amplification products were monomorphic in micropropagated plants and similar to those of mother plant. No polymorphism was detected revealing the genetic uniformity of micropropagated plants. This is the first report of an efficient protocol for regeneration of P. dulce through organogenesis, which can be used for further genetic transformation and pharmaceutical purposes.
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Analía Rodríguez Blanco
2013-01-01
Full Text Available El color es un atributo importante en la elección del producto dulce de leche por parte del consumidor. El mismo se desarrolla en el proceso de elaboración debido principalmente a las reacciones de pardeamiento no enzimático, las cuales se ven influenciadas por varios factores. En este trabajo se evaluó el desarrollo de color, con el tiempo de tratamiento térmico y el pH inicial como variables tecnológicas, en un sistema modelo compuesto de caseinato, lactosa, sacarosa y agua destilada cuya composición fue similar a la del dulce de leche comercial. El estudio del color se realizó utilizando los parámetros de medición de color del sistema CIELAB y el índice de Kubelka Munk (K/S. Con ambos métodos se constató un aumento significativo del dE*ab y del K/S con el tiempo de tratamiento térmico y el pH inicial. Con el sistema CIELAB además se observó una tendencia a disminuir la luminosidad con el tiempo y el aumento del pH inicial, y el aumento de a* con el tiempo.
Miscellaneous flow discharge measurements collected downstream of Brandon Road Lock and Dam
Department of the Interior — Flow discharges were measured in the Des Plaines River from approximately river mile 286 to river mile 284 on October 19–21, 2015 using Teledyne Rio Grande 1200 kHz...
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Stief, Peter; Lundgaard, Ann Sofie Birch; Morales Ramirez, Alvaro
2017-01-01
Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) in the ocean are of key importance for pelagic fixed-nitrogen loss (N-loss) through microbial denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Recent studies document that zooplankton is surprisingly abundant in and around OMZs and that the microbial community...... associated with carcasses of a large copepod species mediates denitrification. Here, we investigate the complex N-cycling associated with sinking zooplankton carcasses exposed to the steep O2 gradient in a coastal OMZ (Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica). 15N-stable-isotope enrichment experiments revealed...... that the carcasses of abundant copepods and ostracods provide anoxic microbial hotspots in the pelagic zone by hosting intense anaerobic N-cycle activities even in the presence of ambient O2. Carcass-associated anaerobic N-cycling was clearly dominated by dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) at up...
The Death of Patriotism: Wilfre Owen’s Dulce et Decorum Est as an Anti-War Manifesto
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A. Barış Ağır
2013-07-01
Full Text Available Abstract Being one of the biggest fluctuations in world history, humanity had never seen an event such World War I that so completely convulsed its existing ideals. Collapsing the existing ethos, the war soon showed its potencies in art and aesthetic. It would be unimaginable that poetry stood indifferent to the massive carnage. The poets who witnessed fighting on the front lines inscribed their experiences into their literary lives and used poetry as a medium of opposing war. They shaped their works to criticize threats directed to humanity. With these pecularities, war poetry, an important move towards modern poetry, stands for a geniune disengagement from the previous naturalistic poetry and signals a change in 20th century thinking. Among war poets, Wilfred Owen is an important figure whose works juxtapose the expected and the actual circumstances of war and his best known poem Dulce Et Decorum is probable to be read as an anti-war manifesto.
Representar la muerte : Un análisis de las técnicas narrativas en La voz dormida, de Dulce Chacón
Vidhall, Martin
2015-01-01
El propósito de esta tesina es ampliar los conocimientos sobre la narrativa de Dulce Chacón al analizar cómo la aplicación de técnicas narrativas en La voz dormida refuerza la impresión trágica y triste de la muerte de Hortensia, una de las protagonistas de la novela. Para llevar a cabo el objetivo se ha identificado las técnicas narrativas más frecuentes e importantes para la presentación de los sucesos relacionados con la trama de Hortensia. El análisis demuestra que La voz dormida tiene un...
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Maria Dalva Barbosa Baker Méio
2005-04-01
Full Text Available A diminuição da mortalidade neonatal contribui para o aumento de crianças que necessitam de maior atenção em relação a morbidades clínicas e à evolução do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. O objetivo deste estudo foi discutir a situação da assistência às crianças egressas das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatais (UTIN em cinco unidades em diferentes regiões do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; em nenhuma havia informações sobre o perfil dos egressos da UTIN. Evidenciou-se restrição ao acesso e baixa estruturação da rede em relação à assistência prestada a esses bebês. Não há uniformidade no atendimento prestado, e ambulatórios específicos para essa população concentram-se na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Constatou-se deficiência de profissionais nas áreas de reabilitação - fisioterapia motora, terapia ocupacional, fonoaudiologia e psicologia -, e de especialistas para atendimento oftalmológico adequado e para a criança portadora de deficiência auditiva. Os autores discutem possíveis explicações para essa situação, propondo a organização de um sistema de atendimento em graus de complexidade para poder viabilizar o acesso das crianças de risco a um atendimento diferenciado, importante para detecção precoce de anormalidades do desenvolvimento.The decrease in neonatal mortality contributes for the increase of children needing more attention to clinical morbidities and to neuro-psycho-motor development outcome. The objective of this study was to discuss the situation of care of children discharged from the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU in five units from differents regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro. In none of them were found informations regarding the description of those discharged from the NICU. This study revealed restricted access and scarcy organization of the health network for the care of these babies. The care provided is not uniform, with a concentration of specific outpatient clinics for
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Alejandro González Acosta
2018-06-01
Full Text Available Este estudio intenta una comparación entre dos autoras geográfica y cronológicamente distantes, como la española Santa Teresa de Jesús (siglo XVI y la cubana Dulce María Loynaz (siglo XX en cuanto a un motivo poético dentro de una antigua tradición, en dos variantes, la divina y la profana: «la muerte es vida».
Clark, Perry S.; Scratch, Wendy S.; Bias, Gaylord W.; Stander, Gregory B.; Sexton, Jenne L.; Krawczak, Bridgette J.
2008-01-01
In the fall of 2007, wildfires burned out of control in southern California. The extent of these fires encompassed large geographic areas that included a variety of landscapes from urban to wilderness. The U.S. Geological Survey National Geospatial Technical Operations Center (NGTOC) is currently (2008) developing a quadrangle-based 1:24,000-scale image map product. One of the concepts behind the image map product is to provide an updated map in electronic format to assist with emergency response. This image map is one of 55 preliminary image map quadrangles covering the areas burned by the southern California wildfires. Each map is a layered, geo-registered Portable Document Format (.pdf) file. For more information about the layered geo-registered .pdf, see the readme file (http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1029/downloads/CA_Agua_Dulce_of2008-1029_README.txt). To view the areas affected and the quadrangles mapped in this preliminary project, see the map index (http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1029/downloads/CA_of2008_1029-1083_index.pdf) provided with this report.
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Wenrich-Verbeek, K.J.; Suits, V.J.
1979-01-01
This report presents the chemical analyses and statistical evaluation of 62 water samples collected in the north-central part of New Mexico near Rio Ojo Caliente. Both spring and surface-water samples were taken throughout the Rio Ojo Caliente drainage basin above and a few miles below the town of La Madera. A high U concentration (15 μg/l) found in the water of the Rio Ojo Caliente near La Madera, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, during a regional sampling-technique study in August 1975 by the senior author, was investigated further in May 1976 to determine whether stream waters could be effectively used to trace the source of a U anomaly. A detailed study of the tributaries to the Rio Ojo Caliente, involving 29 samples, was conducted during a moderate discharge period, May 1976, so that small tributaries would contain water. This study isolated Canada de la Cueva as the tributary contributing the anomalous U, so that in May 1977, an extremely low discharge period due to the 1977 drought, an additional 33 samples were taken to further define the anomalous area. 6 references, 3 figures, 6 tables
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Luis Román Ardila Núñez
1999-05-01
Full Text Available La Universidad Nacional de Colombia, a través del Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola de Santafé de Bogotá, ha venido adelantando investigación sobre manejo postcosecha de productos hortofrutícolas, con miras a minimizar las pérdidas de estos productos y a conservar su calidad. En el presente artículo se muestran los resultados obtenidos de comportamiento del fruto guayaba manzana (Psidium guajava varoKlom Sali, al ser almacenado en frío con bolsas de polietileno de baja densidad de tres tipos: abierto, perforado y cerrado, a una temperatura de 10ºC y humedad relativa de 95 %. Se compararon los resultados durante los días del almacenamiento, tomando como base los índices de madurez del fruto, tales como la pérdida de peso, la intensidad respiratoria, la firmeza, el contenido de ácidos, el contenido de sólidos solubles y el pH. Además, se tomaron datos del almacenamiento de este fruto en bolsas abiertas del mismo tipo, en condiciones ambiente (temperatura 20,1 ºC y humedad relativa de 50,3 %, lo cual se utilizó como testigo. De esta investigación se concluyó que la mejor condición de almacenamiento es en frío con bolsa cerrada, pues el producto conserva mejor su calidad que en los otros dos tipos de empaques evaluados.
Cointegración y Simetrías en Precios. El Caso del Dulce de Leche en Santa Fe y Rosario
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E. D. Guiguet
2005-12-01
Full Text Available Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la forma en que están cointegrados los precios minoristas de un producto típico argentino como es el dulce de leche, y el de su insumo básico, la leche cruda, en los mercados de Santa Fe y Rosario en el período 1996-2005, y la simetría en su ajuste de corto plazo. Se utiliza un análisis de cointegración no lineal con los modelos TAR y MTAR. Los resultados confirman la existencia de cointegración en ambas ciudades, y asimetría en los ajustes en el corto plazo en Santa Fe. Además que la transmisión de los cambios de precios es más rápida cuando los márgenes de comercialización disminuyen que cuando se incrementan.
Kamps, Ray H.; Tatum, Gregg S.; Gault, Mike; Groeger, Alan W.
2009-06-01
Goodenough Spring (Texas, USA) is a large spring near the border of the American state of Texas and the Mexican state of Coahuila, discharging into the international Amistad Reservoir on the river Rio Grande (Rio Bravo). Discharge was routinely measured from 1928 until 1968 to partition the flow of the river between the two countries in accordance with water-use treaties. Samples were analyzed for water-quality parameters in 1967-1968 prior to inundation under 45 m of Amistad Reservoir in 1968. Subsequently, discharge has been estimated indirectly by the International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC). For the first direct measurements of the spring in 37 years, velocity and cross-sectional measurements were made and water samples collected in the summer of 2005 using advanced self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) techniques. Spring discharge was calculated at 2.03 m3 s-1, approximately one-half of the historical mean of 3.94 m3 s-1. In situ and laboratory analyses of samples for temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, alkalinity, nitrate-nitrogen, dissolved solids, chloride, sulfate, fluoride, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and iron showed the water quality to be very good for human consumption and crop irrigation. Measurement values are relatively unchanged from those reported 37 years prior.
SALI[e͂j͂]CIA SOCIAL E MUDANÇA LINGUÍSTICA: A DITONGAÇÃO DE /E/ NASAL NO PORTUGUÊS PAULISTANO
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Livia Oushiro
2014-12-01
Full Text Available Analisa-se, a partir dos pressupostos da Sociolinguística Variacionista (LABOV, 1972, a realização variável de /eN/ como monotongo [ẽ] ou ditongo [e͂j͂] em palavras como fazenda e entendo, extraídas de um corpus contemporâneo de 118 gravações com falantes paulistanos. A análise do discurso metalinguístico dos informantes indica se tratar de uma variável de baixa saliência social na comunidade, ainda que a variante ditongada pareça se constituir como um estereótipo (LABOV, 1972 de paulistanos para os não nativos da cidade. As análises, desenvolvidas em modelos de efeitos mistos (BAAYEN, 2008; JOHNSON, 2009 no programa R, revelam que o uso de [e͂j͂] está se expandindo na comunidade, com forte favorecimento pelos falantes do sexo feminino, mais escolarizados, de classe social mais alta e menor mobilidade geográfica. No entanto, as diferenças observadas neutralizam-se entre os mais jovens. Nesse sentido, o artigo discute o encaixamento social de uma mudança de baixo (LABOV, 2001a e, em complemento ao modelo de fluxos e contrafluxos (SCHERRE; NARO, 2006 proposto para variáveis com variantes sujeitas a estigma social, sugere que variáveis abaixo do nível da consciência tendem a se difundir rápida e unidirecionalmente.
SALI[e͂j͂]CIA SOCIAL E MUDANÇA LINGUÍSTICA: A DITONGAÇÃO DE /E/ NASAL NO PORTUGUÊS PAULISTANO
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Livia Oushiro
2015-03-01
Full Text Available Analisa-se, a partir dos pressupostos da Sociolinguística Variacionista (LABOV, 1972, a realização variável de /eN/ como monotongo [ẽ] ou ditongo [e͂j͂] em palavras como fazenda e entendo, extraídas de um corpus contemporâneo de 118 gravações com falantes paulistanos. A análise do discurso metalinguístico dos informantes indica se tratar de uma variável de baixa saliência social na comunidade, ainda que a variante ditongada pareça se constituir como um estereótipo (LABOV, 1972 de paulistanos para os não nativos da cidade. As análises, desenvolvidas em modelos de efeitos mistos (BAAYEN, 2008; JOHNSON, 2009 no programa R, revelam que o uso de [e͂j͂] está se expandindo na comunidade, com forte favorecimento pelos falantes do sexo feminino, mais escolarizados, de classe social mais alta e menor mobilidade geográfica. No entanto, as diferenças observadas neutralizam-se entre os mais jovens. Nesse sentido, o artigo discute o encaixamento social de uma mudança de baixo (LABOV, 2001a e, em complemento ao modelo de fluxos e contrafluxos (SCHERRE; NARO, 2006 proposto para variáveis com variantes sujeitas a estigma social, sugere que variáveis abaixo do nível da consciência tendem a se difundir rápida e unidirecionalmente.
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Admilson José da Silva Braga
2012-03-01
Full Text Available Objetivo: O trabalho objetivou avaliar a composição centesimal, pH e teor de carotenóides de doces de leite tipo caseiro com diferentes concentrações de urucum. Materiais e Métodos: Os doces de leite foram elaborados com leite de vaca integral e sacarose, além da adição (0%; 1,0%; 1,5% e 2,0% de urucum. Foram realizadas análises de composição centesimal, pH e carotenóides, sendo estes últimos extraídos com acetona, para posterior leitura em espectrofotômetro a 450nm. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado e teste de Tukey (p<0,05 para as análises estatísticas. Resultados: Os teores de umidade, lipídeos, proteínas e cinzas apresentaram-se dentro dos parâmetros exigidos pela legislação brasileira. As amostras com 0% e 1% de urucum não diferiram significativamente entre si, mas diferiram das amostras com 1,5% e 2,0% de urucum (p<0,05. A adição de extrato de urucum no doce de leite interferiu na composição química do mesmo, entretanto, ainda permaneceu dentro dos limites exigidos pela legislação. Conclusão: Os teores de carotenóides nas amostras de doce de leite aumentou proporcionalmente ao acréscimo de extrato de urucum, variando de 0,0281 mg.100g-1 a 0,6030 mg.100g-1, ocorrendo beneficiamento do produto pelo incremento de carotenóides. Objective: the work aimed to evaluate the percent composition, pH and carotenoid content of home-made type dulce de leche with different concentrations of annato. Materials end Methods: The dulces de leche were made with whole cow milk and sucrose, besides the addition (0%; 1.0%; 1.5% and 2.0% of annatto. Analyses of percent composition, pH and carotenoids were performed, these latter ones being extracted with acetone for further reading in spectrophotometer at 450nm. Completely randomized design and Tukey test (p<0.05 were utilized for statistical analyses. Results: The contents of moisture, lipids, proteins and ashes lay within the parameters demanded by the Brazilian
Dean, David J.; Schmidt, John C.
2011-03-01
Over the last century, large-scale water development of the upper Rio Grande in the U.S. and Mexico, and of the Rio Conchos in Mexico, has resulted in progressive channel narrowing of the lower Rio Grande in the Big Bend region. We used methods operating at multiple spatial and temporal scales to analyze the rate, magnitude, and processes responsible for channel narrowing. These methods included: hydrologic analysis of historic stream gage data, analysis of notes of measured discharges, historic oblique and aerial photograph analysis, and stratigraphic and dendrogeomorphic analysis of inset floodplain deposits. Our analyses indicate that frequent large floods between 1900 and the mid-1940s acted as a negative feedback mechanism and maintained a wide, sandy, multi-threaded river. Declines in mean and peak flow in the mid-1940s resulted in progressive channel narrowing. Channel narrowing has been temporarily interrupted by occasional large floods that widened the channel, however, channel narrowing has always resumed. After large floods in 1990 and 1991, the active channel width of the lower Rio Grande has narrowed by 36-52%. Narrowing has occurred by the vertical accretion of fine-grained deposits on top of sand and gravel bars, inset within natural levees. Channel narrowing by vertical accretion occurred simultaneously with a rapid invasion of non-native riparian vegetation ( Tamarix spp., Arundo donax) which created a positive feedback and exacerbated the processes of channel narrowing and vertical accretion. In two floodplain trenches, we measured 2.75 and 3.5 m of vertical accretion between 1993 and 2008. In some localities, nearly 90% of bare, active channel bars were converted to vegetated floodplain during the same period. Upward shifts of stage-discharge relations occurred resulting in over-bank flooding at lower discharges, and continued vertical accretion despite a progressive reduction in stream flow. Thus, although the magnitude of the average annual
Nuevas hipótesis sobre La miel es más dulce que la sangre de Dalí
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Moure Pazos, Iván
2012-06-01
Full Text Available On 10 February 2011, the Gala-Salvador Dalí Foundation acquired at Christie’s the preparatory study for Dalí’s Honey is Sweeter than Blood (1926, currently in an unknown location. Iconographically, it is a complex painting and crucial in the development of the Catalan artist’s work. This article offers an updated view of the painting, based on recent discoveries that point to the Count of Lautréamont –pseudonym of Isidore Ducasse– as a possible inspirational element and protagonist of the work.El 10 de febrero de 2011, la Fundación Gala-Salvador Dalí adquiría en Christie’s el estudio para La miel es más dulce que la sangre (1926 de Dalí –actualmente desaparecido–. Se trata de una obra iconográficamente compleja, así como crucial en la trayectoria del pintor catalán. El presente artículo pretende ofrecer una visión actualizada del cuadro, en base a los últimos descubrimientos que apuntan al Conde de Lautréamont –pseudónimo de Isidore Ducasse– como posible elemento inspirador y protagonista en la obra.
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Tânia Maria M. V. da Fonseca
2013-01-01
Full Text Available This study aimed to assess the prevalence of pathological vaginal discharge and to describe risk factors associated with pregnant women. All women living in the city of Rio Grande, Southern Brazil, who gave birth in 2010 were included in the study. A standardized questionnaire was administered to collect information on demographic, reproductive, and health-related factors and morbidity during pregnancy. The chi-square test was used to compare proportions, and multivariate Poisson regression with robust variance was performed. Of the 2,395 women studied, 43% had pathological vaginal discharge during pregnancy. The adjusted analysis showed that younger women of lower socioeconomic condition, those with a past history of abortion, vaginal discharge in a previous pregnancy, and treated for depression, anemia, and urinary tract infection during their current pregnancy, were more likely to have pathological vaginal discharge. Vaginal discharge during pregnancy was highly prevalent in the sample studied calling for proper risk factor management at the primary care level.
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G. P. Barros
2012-01-01
Full Text Available The aim of this study is to investigate the importance of freshwater discharge as a physical forcing in Patos Lagoon at timescales longer than one year, as well as identify the temporal variability of the dominant processes in freshwater discharge and water levels along the Patos Lagoon. Due to its proximity to the mouth, the water level at the estuary is influenced by the remote effects associated with the adjacent ocean circulation and wave climatology, reducing the observed correlation. At the lagoonar region a high correlation is expected because interannual data is being used, reducing the influence of the wind. Cross wavelet technique is applied to examine the coherence and phase between interannual time-series (South Oscillation Index, freshwater discharge and water levels. The freshwater discharge of the main tributaries and water levels in Patos Lagoon are influenced by ENSO on interannual scales (cycles between 3.8 and 6 years. Therefore, El Niño events are associated with high mean values of freshwater discharge and water levels above the mean. On the other hand, La Niña events are associated with low mean values of freshwater discharge and water levels below the mean.
Knauth, Peter; Acevedo-Hernández, Gustavo J.; Cano, M. Eduardo; Gutiérrez-Lomelí, Melesio; López, Zaira
2018-01-01
Seven out of eight methanolic extracts from five plants native to Mexico were inactive against ten bacterial strains of clinical interest. The fruit extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides inhibited the bacteria Enterococcus faecalis (MIC = 4375 μg/ml), Escherichia coli (MIC = 1094 μg/ml), and Salmonella typhimurium (MIC = 137 μg/ml). The fruit extract of C. ambrosioides was with CC50 = 45 μg/ml most cytotoxic against the cell-line Caco-2, followed by the leaf extract from Pithecellobium dulce (C...
Knauth, Peter; Acevedo-Hernández, Gustavo J; Cano, M Eduardo; Gutiérrez-Lomelí, Melesio; López, Zaira
2018-01-01
Seven out of eight methanolic extracts from five plants native to Mexico were inactive against ten bacterial strains of clinical interest. The fruit extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides inhibited the bacteria Enterococcus faecalis (MIC = 4375 μ g/ml), Escherichia coli (MIC = 1094 μ g/ml), and Salmonella typhimurium (MIC = 137 μ g/ml). The fruit extract of C. ambrosioides was with CC 50 = 45 μ g/ml most cytotoxic against the cell-line Caco-2, followed by the leaf extract from Pithecellobium dulce (CC 50 = 126 μ g/ml); interestingly, leaves of C. ambrosioides (CC 50 = 563 μ g/ml) and bark of P. dulce (CC 50 = 347 μ g/ml) extracts were much less cytotoxic. We describe for the first time the cytotoxic effect from extracts of the aerial parts and the flowers of Cirsium mexicanum (CC 50 = 323 μ g/ml and CC 50 = 250 μ g/ml, resp.). Phytochemical analysis demonstrated for both extracts high tannin and saponin and low flavonoid content, while terpenoids were found in the flowers. For the first time we report a cytotoxicological study on an extract of Eryngium carlinae (CC 50 = 356 μ g/ml) and likewise the bark extract from Amphipterygium adstringens (CC 50 = 342 μ g/ml). In conclusion the fruit extract of C. ambrosioides is a potential candidate for further biological studies.
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Peter Knauth
2018-01-01
Full Text Available Seven out of eight methanolic extracts from five plants native to Mexico were inactive against ten bacterial strains of clinical interest. The fruit extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides inhibited the bacteria Enterococcus faecalis (MIC = 4375 μg/ml, Escherichia coli (MIC = 1094 μg/ml, and Salmonella typhimurium (MIC = 137 μg/ml. The fruit extract of C. ambrosioides was with CC50 = 45 μg/ml most cytotoxic against the cell-line Caco-2, followed by the leaf extract from Pithecellobium dulce (CC50 = 126 μg/ml; interestingly, leaves of C. ambrosioides (CC50 = 563 μg/ml and bark of P. dulce (CC50 = 347 μg/ml extracts were much less cytotoxic. We describe for the first time the cytotoxic effect from extracts of the aerial parts and the flowers of Cirsium mexicanum (CC50 = 323 μg/ml and CC50 = 250 μg/ml, resp.. Phytochemical analysis demonstrated for both extracts high tannin and saponin and low flavonoid content, while terpenoids were found in the flowers. For the first time we report a cytotoxicological study on an extract of Eryngium carlinae (CC50 = 356 μg/ml and likewise the bark extract from Amphipterygium adstringens (CC50 = 342 μg/ml. In conclusion the fruit extract of C. ambrosioides is a potential candidate for further biological studies.
Burley, Thomas E.
2011-01-01
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission, developed a geodatabase compendium (hereinafter referred to as the 'geodatabase') of available water-resources data for the reach of the Rio Grande from Rio Arriba-Sandoval County line, New Mexico, to Presidio, Texas. Since 1889, a wealth of water-resources data has been collected in the Rio Grande Basin from Rio Arriba-Sandoval County line, New Mexico, to Presidio, Texas, for a variety of purposes. Collecting agencies, researchers, and organizations have included the U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Reclamation, International Boundary and Water Commission, State agencies, irrigation districts, municipal water utilities, universities, and other entities. About 1,750 data records were recently (2010) evaluated to enhance their usability by compiling them into a single geospatial relational database (geodatabase). This report is intended as a user's manual and administration guide for the geodatabase. All data available, including water quality, water level, and discharge data (both instantaneous and daily) from January 1, 1889, through December 17, 2009, were compiled for the study area. A flexible and efficient geodatabase design was used, enhancing the ability of the geodatabase to handle data from diverse sources and helping to ensure sustainability of the geodatabase with long-term maintenance. Geodatabase tables include daily data values, site locations and information, sample event information, and parameters, as well as data sources and collecting agencies. The end products of this effort are a comprehensive water-resources geodatabase that enables the visualization of primary sampling sites for surface discharges, groundwater elevations, and water-quality and associated data for the study area. In addition, repeatable data processing scripts, Structured Query Language queries for loading prepared data sources, and a detailed process for refreshing all data in the
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Robert Horn
2012-10-01
Full Text Available This reflection on Rio+20 examines many of the major social institutions and how they fulfilled their functions during the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development at Rio. The institutions are: 1. Nation-states as a collective. 2. Individual nation-states. 3. Vanguard institutions (some NGOs. 4. Action and convening NGOs. 5. Global media. 6. Governments of nation-states acting domestically 7. Individual governments in bilateral and multilateral situations. 8. Similar institutions in different countries acting together. 9. Businesses. 10. Global science. Each is considered within the assumptions of what the society expects them to deliver (in general, what is possible for them to deliver, and what they did deliver at Rio. In approaching Rio+20, our account differs considerably from much of the reportage by the mainstream media.
Analysis of the time dependence of the tritium concentration in the Embalse Rio Tercero lake
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Lopez, F.O.; Bruno, H.A.
1998-01-01
In natural uranium and heavy water reactors, tritium is produced mainly as the activation product of the deuterium in the moderator and cooling medium. About 75% of the liquid effluents discharged by nuclear power plants in Argentina correspond to tritium. In the case of the Embalse nuclear power plant, the liquid effluents are discharged into the Rio Tercero reservoir. As its water is used for drinking, 98% of the dose received by the critical group is due to these discharges. A simple mathematical model was developed which predicts the variation in the tritium concentration in the reservoir. It is a complete mixture type model and the entry parameters are the lake volume, entrance volume and discharge volume. The model was solved by means of a Runge-Kutta method of second order. The chosen method is a modified Euler. A good correlation is observed when the values obtained by means of the numeric resolution of the developed model are compared with the values obtained by the tritium measurement made during the 1996 and 1997 environmental monitoring program. (author) [es
Chest pain - discharge; Stable angina - discharge; Chronic angina - discharge; Variant angina - discharge; Angina pectoris - discharge; Accelerating angina - discharge; New-onset angina - discharge; Angina-unstable - discharge; ...
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Le niébé (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) est une légumineuse tropicale dont les graines connaissent souvent une mauvaise germination, à cause du stress hydrique. Les effets du pré-trempage des graines, avant semis, ont été testés sur deux variétés locales au Sénégal (Mélakh et Ndiaga aw) sous différentes conditions.
O RIO CAPITAL IMAGINADO PELA CRÍTICA CINEMATOGRÁFICA: os casos de Rio Fantasia e Rio, 40 graus
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Eliska Altmann
Full Text Available No artigo, busca-se verificar como o Rio de Janeiro, “cidade-capital”, foi imaginado por críticos cinematográficos brasileiros. Por meio de críticas aos filmes Rio fantasia (1957, de Watson Macedo, e Rio, 40 graus (1955, de Nelson Pereira dos Santos, pretende-se entender como a então Capital Federal foi descrita e legitimada por agentes que formam julgamentos, quiçá, para a posteridade.
Environmental impact assessment, from Rio-92 to Rio+20 and beyond
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Luis E. Sánchez
2012-12-01
Full Text Available The 1992 Rio Earth Summit was of paramount importance in the consolidation and international dissemination of environmental impact assessment, officially recognized as a tool for informed decision-making towards sustainable development (Principle 17, Rio Declaration and for protection of biodiversity (Article 14, Convention on Biological Diversity. A significant development afterwards was the strengthening of strategic environmental assessment in the design of policies, plans and programs. Both forms of impact assessment can establish the necessary connections between one goal of the Rio+20 Conference - reaching an agreement on the transition to a green economy - and the underpinning decision making processes. Although the Rio+20 Summit has faced challenges to acknowledge its potential, impact assessment should be strengthened in support of both government and business decisions.La Cumbre de la Tierra de 1992 fue de la más grande importancia en la consolidación y diseminación de la evaluación de impacto ambiental, oficialmente reconocida como una herramienta para la toma de decisiones informada hacia el desarrollo sostenible (Principio 17, Declaración de Rio y para la protección de la biodiversidad (Artículo 14, Convención de la Diversidad Biológica. Un avanzo posterior importante fue el fortalecimiento de la evaluación ambiental estratégica en la preparación de políticas, planos y programas. Ambas formas de evaluación de impacto son capaces de establecer los necesarios vínculos entre un objetivo declarado de la Conferencia Rio+2- - llegar a un acuerdo sobre la transición para una economía verde - y los procesos decisorios subyacentes. Aunque la Cumbre Rio+20 tenga encontrado dificultades en reconocer su potencial, la evaluación de impactos debería ser fortalecida en soporte de decisiones gubernamentales y privadas.A Cúpula da Terra de 1992, no Rio de Janeiro, teve a maior importância na consolidação e dissemina
Rio+20 ou Rio-20?: crônica de um fracasso anunciado
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Roberto Pereira Guimarães
2012-12-01
Full Text Available Passadas quatro décadas da Conferência de Estocolmo sobre o Meio Ambiente Humano, e decorridos apenas alguns meses da Rio+20, parece apropriado analisar o caminho percorrido a partir de Rio-92 e os desafios, em grande parte frustrados, da conferência recém concluída no Rio de Janeiro. Para tais propósitos, são analisados os avanços e retrocessos da agenda global de desenvolvimento sustentável, do processo preparatório e dos resultados alcançados no Rio em Junho de 2012, como também das ameaças provocadas pela nova agenda de segurança estratégica após os eventos de 11 Setembro de 2001 e pela crise econômica e financeira que já dura praticamente uma década. O artigo conclui com as perspectivas da agenda internacional nos próximos anos.Pasadas cuatro décadas desde la Conferencia de Estocolmo sobre Medio Ambiente Humano, y transcorridos tan solo algunos meses de la Rio+20, pareciera apropiado analisar el camino percorrido a partir de la Rio-92 y los desafíos, en grande parte frustrados, de la conferencia recien concluída en Rio de Janeiro. Para tales propósitos, serán analisados los avances e retrocesos en la agenda global de desarrollo sustentable, en el proceso preparatorio y en los resultados alcanzados en Rio en Junho de 2012, como también de las amenazas provocadas por la nueva agenda de segurida estratégica luego de los eventos de 11 Setembro de 2001 y por la crisis económica y financiera que ya dura prácticamente una década. El artículo concluye con las perspectivas de la agenda internacional em los próximos anos.After four decades since the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment and after just a few months of Rio+20, it seems appropriate to assess the path followed since Rio+92 and the challenges, mostly frustrated, posed by Rio+20 . For this purpose, it is analyzed the advances and shortcomings of the global agenda of sustainable development, of the preparatory process and the results achieved in Rio
Lurry, Dee L.; Reutter, David C.; Wells, Frank C.; Rivera, M.C.; Munoz, A.
1998-01-01
La Oficina del Estudio Geologico de los Estados Unidos (U.S. Geological Survey, 0 USGS) ha monitoreado la calidad del agua de la cuenca del Rio Grande (Rio Bravo del Norte) desde 1995 como parte de la rediseiiada Red Nacional para Contabilizar la Calidad del Agua de los Rios (National Stream Quality Accounting Network, o NASOAN) (Hooper and others, 1997). EI programa NASOAN fue diseiiado para caracterizar las concentraciones y el transporte de sedimento y constituyentes quimicos seleccionados, encontrados en los grandes rios de los Estados Unidos - incluyendo el Misisipi, el Colorado y el Columbia, ademas del Rio Grande. En estas cuatro cuencas, el USGS opera actualmente (1998) una red de 40 puntos de muestreo pertenecientes a NASOAN, con un enfasis en cuantificar el flujo en masa (la cantidad de material que pasa por la estacion, expresado en toneladas por dial para cada constituyente. Aplicacando un enfoque consistente, basado en la cuantificacion de flujos en la cuenca del Rio Grande, el programa NASOAN esta generando la informacion necesaria para identificar fuentes regionales de diversos contaminantes, incluyendo sustancias qui micas agricolas y trazas elementos en la cuenca. EI efecto de las grandes reservas en el Rio Grande se puede observar segun los flujos de constituyentes discurren a 10 largo del rio. EI analisis de los flujos de constituyentes a escala de la cuenca proveera los medios para evaluar la influencia de la actividad humana sobre las condiciones de calidad del agua del Rio Grande.
76 FR 80430 - Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited; Notice of Application
2011-12-23
... plc and Rio Tinto Limited; Notice of Application December 19, 2011. AGENCY: Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission''). ACTION: Notice of application under section 3(b)(2) and 45(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the ``Act''). SUMMARY: Summary of Application: Rio Tinto plc (``RTP'') and Rio Tinto...
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Lorena ALBERTASSE
2013-09-01
Full Text Available funcionários do Hospital Universitário Cassiano Antônio de Moraes, quanto a aspectos socioeconômicos e tabagísticos. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório, conduzido sobre abordagem quantitativa. Resultados: Entre os usuários do serviço, 19,2% são fumantes e 24% ex-fumante. A faixa etária em que mais se fuma foi a de 20-39 anos (8,5%. 39,2% dos usuários fumantes possuem o Ensino Fundamental Incompleto e renda de até 2 salários mínimos (41,3%. A quantidade em anos que se fuma é maior naqueles que fumam há mais de 10 anos (42,3%. Entre os funcionários o número de fumantes foi de 12 (12,2%, sendo que 5 (41,6% fumam há mais de 20 anos; 66,7% tinham o Ensino Médio e 67,6% recebiam renda de 2-5 salários mínimos. Nos dois grupos estudados foi elevada à prevalência de fumantes que referiu o desejo de cessar o fumo (74% usuários, 83,3% funcionários, no entanto apenas uma pequena parcela já se submeteu a algum tipo de tratamento.
Nos caminhos do pai: influências de Francisco Palmério na formação do escritor Mário Palmério
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André Azevedo da Fonseca
2011-12-01
Full Text Available O artigo traça uma biografia de Francisco Palmério (1867-1947, pai do escritor mineiro Mário Palmério (1916-1996 – autor de Vila dos Confins (1956 e Chapadão do Bugre (1965. Através de fontes primárias e análise documental, a pesquisa desenvolve interpretações sobre as influências paternas de caráter moral, cultural, intelectual e profissional que marcaram a primeira geração da família Palmério no Brasil e, particularmente, condicionaram as experiências que mais tarde seriam ressignificadas na obra literária e na trajetória pessoal de Mário Palmério. Notamos que as permanentes viagens a trabalho do pai e as suas diversas atividades profissionais favoreceram uma consciência familiar das particularidades da região. Essa experiência favoreceu a criação de vínculos econômicos, políticos e afetivos com a cultura regional e estimulou nos filhos um profundo conhecimento histórico e geográfico do Oeste mineiro. Além disso, o pai parece ter exercido uma profunda influência sobre os filhos no que diz respeito ao gosto pela política regional. O artigo desenvolve a hipótese de que todas essas experiências foram elementos presentes na formação de Mário Palmério e, mais tarde, apareceriam de modo explícito em sua literatura marcada pela descrição da natureza, do cotidiano e das intrigas políticas regionalistas. Palavras-chave: Regionalismo; Literatura regionalista; Literatura mineira; Mário Palmério; Vila dos Confins; Chapadão do Bugre.
Choudhury, Baharul I; Khan, Mohammed L; Dayanandan, Selvadurai
2014-12-29
Indigenous rice varieties in the Eastern Himalayan region of Northeast India are traditionally classified into sali, boro and jum ecotypes based on geographical locality and the season of cultivation. In this study, we used DNA sequence data from the Waxy (Wx) gene to infer the genetic relatedness among indigenous rice varieties in Northeast India and to assess the genetic distinctiveness of ecotypes. The results of all three analyses (Bayesian, Maximum Parsimony and Neighbor Joining) were congruent and revealed two genetically distinct clusters of rice varieties in the region. The large group comprised several varieties of sali and boro ecotypes, and all agronomically improved varieties. The small group consisted of only traditionally cultivated indigenous rice varieties, which included one boro, few sali and all jum varieties. The fixation index analysis revealed a very low level of differentiation between sali and boro (F(ST) = 0.005), moderate differentiation between sali and jum (F(ST) = 0.108) and high differentiation between jum and boro (F(ST) = 0.230) ecotypes. The genetic relatedness analyses revealed that sali, boro and jum ecotypes are genetically heterogeneous, and the current classification based on cultivation type is not congruent with the genetic background of rice varieties. Indigenous rice varieties chosen from genetically distinct clusters could be used in breeding programs to improve genetic gain through heterosis, while maintaining high genetic diversity.
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Andréa Ramos da Silva
2005-02-01
Full Text Available Estudo do tipo exploratório - descritivo, desenvolvido junto a 168 ribeirinhos do Rio Acre - Brasil, para investigar o uso do preservativo e o risco por doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. Fez-se uso de um formulário, com participação espontânea e garantia do anonimato. Como resultado destaca-se os 64,3% do gênero masculino, 75,0% casados/juntados, 57,1% possuíam o primeiro grau incompleto e 31,0% eram analfabetos. Na época 78,0% não traziam preservativo consigo ao vir a cidade e apenas 6,0% saíram a procura por atividade sexual; 62,0% já haviam usado o preservativo masculino, com 67,2% de aceitação e 77,8% o guardavam no bolso traseiro da calça, com perigo de maceração e risco de infecção e gravidez indesejada; 8,9% haviam tido doença venérea, sendo 80,0% para a gonorréia. Destes 46,7% trataram com farmacêutico e médico respectivamente. Assim, 89,3% consideraram a s campanhas de prevenção como ótima/boa.Estudio del tipo exploratorio - descriptivo, desarrollado con 168 riverine cercano de Rio Acre - Brasil, para investigar el uso del preservativo y el riesgo para las enfermedades sexualmente trasmisibles. Para la colecta de datos se há utilizado un fomulario, con participación espontánea y garantizó de la anonimidad. Como posiciones del resultado fuera los 64,3% del género masculino, 75,0% casado / unió, 57,1% poseyeron el primer grado incompleto y 31,0% eran analfabetos. En ese momento 78,0% no trajeron preservativo consigo al venir a la ciudad y 6,0% sólo salió a la búsqueda para la actividad sexual; 62,0% ya habían usado el preservativo masculino, con 67,2% de aceptación y 77,8% lo guardó en el bolsillo de la parte de atrás de los pantalones, con peligro de dañar y riesgo de infección y embarazo no deseado; 8,9% habían tenido enfermedad venérea y habían sido 80,0% para la gonorrea. De estos, 46,7% negociaron respectivamente con farmacéutico y doctor. Así, 89,3% consideraron las campañas de la
Estabilidad de un producto dulce de tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea conservado por métodos combinados
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Xadeni Villegas-Ruíz
2013-01-01
Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue aplicar la tecnología de métodos combinados para elaborar una base dulce (BDT de tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea, así como evaluar su estabilidad durante el almacenamiento. La BDT fue preparada al pH natural de la fruta (3,72, con una actividad de agua (aw reducida (0,901 mediante la adición de sacarosa, y adicionada con benzoato de sodio (0,1% como antimicrobiano. La BDT se almacenó en refrigeración (4°C, protegida de la luz, y se evaluó cada tercer día durante 60 días determinando sus características fisicoquímicas (color, aw, pH y acidez titulable como ácido cítrico; antioxidantes (capacidad antioxidante, fenoles totales y antocianinas; y microbiológicas (bacterias mesófilas aerobias, mohos y levaduras. La BDT fue adicionada a yogurt natural para evaluar sensorialmente su aceptación general durante el almacenamiento; esta evaluación se llevó a cabo cada siete días durante 49 días. El tiempo de almacenamiento no tuvo efecto sobre la aw, el pH y la acidez de la BDT. Se observó un aumento en el cambio neto de color (de 0 a 4,9 y se registró disminución en los compuestos fenólicos totales (de 1,213 a 0,816 mg de ácido gálico/g BDT, en las antocianinas monoméricas totales (de 0,910 a 0,611 mg cianidina-3-glucósido/g de BDT y en la capacidad antioxidante (de 5,816 a 3,576 μmol Trolox/g BDT. Las cuentas de bacterias mesófilas aerobias, mohos y levaduras, aumentaron ligeramente durante el almacenamiento (de 0,05 durante el almacenamiento.
The BDS iGMAS RIOS station at Observatório Nacional, Rio de Janeiro
Humberto Andrei, Alexandre; Song, Shuli; Junqueira, Selma; Beauvalet, Laurene
2016-07-01
GNSS navigation satellites are currently being developed by all major players in the science and technology scene, to compete with the GPS system. Because their applications span many different areas, from traffic and cargo control, to geodesy and seismic monitoring, it is required to assess the coherence between the different constellations. BDS is the GNSS system currently developed in China. Its first generation of satellites consisted of 3 geostationnary satellites allowing geolocalisation in China only. In addition to these satellites, other satellites have been launched in geostationnary and geosynchronous orbits, as well as satellites orbiting with a classical GNSS semi-major axis. With these additions, the BDS system possesses 19 operating satellites, and though the system is mostly efficient for geolocalisation in Asia, the satellites are also visible in other parts of the globe. In parallel to the development of the BDS constellation, China has launched the iGMAS (International GNSS Monitoring and Assessment Service) project to develop a global tracking network of multi-GNSS geodetic receivers. One of the goals of this project is to evaluate the efficiency of the BDS constellation as well as the efficiency of the receivers developed by the Chinese laboratories. As part of the Brazilian program COSBAN leaded by the Foreign Affairs Ministry to foster up the science and technology partnership with China, materialized by the collaboration between the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory/CAS and the Observatório Nacional/MCTI, in Rio de Janeiro. Through it the RIOS-iGMAS station was installed at Observatório Nacional, where the RJEP GNSS station already operates as part of the Brazilian reference system. Thus at the Observatório Nacional can be observed satellites from any constellation with both systems of reception, leading to a direct, efficient way to compare the results obtained for each network. In this communication we focus on the determination of the
Simulation of the transport of suspended particulate matter in the Rio de la Plata
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hausstein, H.
2008-11-06
Numerical simulations of the transport of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Rio de la Plata estuary were performed with a three dimensional model for coastal waters driven by wave sand currents. Aturbulence based flocculation approach is implemented to the model. The model is for the first time applied under heavy conditions, since the Rio de la Plata has discharges up to 25000 m{sup 3}/s and SPM concentrations up to 300-400 mg/l. Such concentrations are also difficult to compute from satellite measurements. SeaWiFs satellite images served for the validation of the model results. The model is able to reproduce the shape and the position of the front as well as the zone of the turbidity maximum. It also identifies the zones of erosion and deposition which is of significant importance because of the dense ship traffic along the navigational channels towards Buenos Aires and the cities upstream the rivers. (orig.)
Chronic pancreatitis - discharge; Pancreatitis - chronic - discharge; Pancreatic insufficiency - discharge; Acute pancreatitis - discharge ... You were in the hospital because you have pancreatitis. This is a swelling of the pancreas. You ...
1987-04-01
EMBANKMENT CRITERIA AND PERFORMANCE REPORT PERTINENT DATA 1. General Data. LOCATION: Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, on the Rio Chama at river mile 33. PURPOSE...is located across the Rio Chama, approximately 30 miles upstream from its confluence with the Rio Grande, in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. The dam is...6600- 4 i ’. 6600 65060- -60 6600- a + v6500s-go FA**v~w -6500 6300- 60 - ~ ~ ~ wo Ala filll------------------ EMBNKEN SECTION62 *LDN WOR SAFEL VAIE
Cardiac pacemaker implantation - discharge; Artificial pacemaker - discharge; Permanent pacemaker - discharge; Internal pacemaker - discharge; Cardiac resynchronization therapy - discharge; CRT - discharge; ...
Shoulder replacement - discharge
Total shoulder arthroplasty - discharge; Endoprosthetic shoulder replacement - discharge; Partial shoulder replacement - discharge; Partial shoulder arthroplasty - discharge; Replacement - shoulder - discharge; Arthroplasty - shoulder - discharge
DIREITO AGRÁRIO E O TRATAMENTO DOS CONTRATOS AGRÁRIOS ATÍPICOS
Fabrício Pinto Weiblen; Marcelo Scherer da Silva; Tarso Wayhs Tech; José Fernando Lutz Coelho
2012-01-01
Aborda a necessidade de um tratamento adequado e diferenciado aos contratos agrários atípicos em face das complexas relações que se desenvolvem no meio rural atualmente. Apresenta ainda uma visão crítica a respeito das características e aplicabilidade da legislação agrária no cenário jurídico e propõe alternativas com o objetivo de uma prestação mais eficiente do Direito Agrário na área contratual.
Analysis of an ordinary bedload transport event in a mountain torrent (Rio Vanti, Verona, Italy)
Pastorello, Roberta; D'Agostino, Vincenzo
2016-04-01
The correct simulation of the sediment-transport response of mountain torrents both for extreme and ordinary flood events is a fundamental step to understand the process, but also to drive proper decisions on the protection works. The objective of this research contribution is to reconstruct the 'ordinary' flood event with the associated sediment-graph of a flood that caused on the 14th of October, 2014 the formation of a little debris cone (about 200-210 m3) at the junction between the 'Rio Vanti' torrent catchment and the 'Selva di Progno' torrent (Veneto Region, Prealps, Verona, Italy). To this purpose, it is important to notice that a great part of equations developed for the computation of the bedload transport capacity, like for example that of Schoklitsch (1962) or Smart and Jaeggi (1983), are focused on extraordinary events heavily affecting the river-bed armour. These formulas do not provide reliable results if used on events, like the one under analysis, not too far from the bankfull conditions. The Rio Vanti event was characterized by a total rainfall depth of 36.2 mm and a back-calculated peak discharge of 6.12 m3/s with a return period of 1-2 years. The classical equations to assess the sediment transport capacity overestimate the total volume of the event of several orders of magnitude. By the consequence, the following experimental bedload transport equation has been applied (D'Agostino and Lenzi, 1999), which is valid for ordinary flood events (q: unit water discharge; qc: unit discharge of bedload transport initiation; qs: unit bedload rate; S: thalweg slope): -qs-˜= 0,04ṡ(q- qc) S3/2 In particular, starting from the real rainfall data, the hydrograph and the sediment-graph have been reconstructed. Then, comparing the total volume calculated via the above cited equation to the real volume estimated using DoD techniques on post-event photogrammetric survey, a very satisfactory agreement has been obtained. The result further supports the thesis
Plasma Discharge Process in a Pulsed Diaphragm Discharge System
Duan, Jianjin; Hu, Jue; Zhang, Chao; Wen, Yuanbin; Meng, Yuedong; Zhang, Chengxu
2014-12-01
As one of the most important steps in wastewater treatment, limited study on plasma discharge process is a key challenge in the development of plasma applications. In this study, we focus on the plasma discharge process of a pulsed diaphragm discharge system. According to the analysis, the pulsed diaphragm discharge proceeds in seven stages: (1) Joule heating and heat exchange stage; (2) nucleated site formation; (3) plasma generation (initiation of the breakdown stage); (4) avalanche growth and plasma expansion; (5) plasma contraction; (6) termination of the plasma discharge; and (7) heat exchange stage. From this analysis, a critical voltage criterion for breakdown is obtained. We anticipate this finding will provide guidance for a better application of plasma discharges, especially diaphragm plasma discharges.
Carcinoma inflamatório mamário canino.
Gomes, Cristiano; Voll, Juliana; Ferreira, Kelly; Ferreira, Rafael Rodrigues; Oliveira, Luciana Oliveira de; Contesini, Emerson Antônio; Oliveira, Rosemari Teresinha de
2006-01-01
O carcinoma inflamatório mamário é um carcinoma anaplásico com características clínicas e histopatológicas como crescimento rápido, envolvimento difuso, eritema, calor e dor nas mamas, edema nos membros posteriores, extensa infiltração de células inflamatórias, células epiteliais malignas nos linfonodos regionais apresentando um péssimo prognóstico. O cão é a única espécie animal em que esta neoplasia ocorre espontaneamente, entretanto apresenta uma incidência bastante rara tanto em humanos q...
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Larissa de Oliveira Ferreira
2012-07-01
Full Text Available Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de verificar o efeito da substituição de leite por soro de leite e o efeito da adição de café na qualidade química e sensorial do doce de leite. Foi utilizado um fatorial completo 2², com dois níveis (±1 com a adição de três pontos centrais (0 e dois níveis de pontos axiais (±1,41. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados pela metodologia estatística de superfície de resposta e os dados do teste de aceitação foram analisados pela metodologia de mapa de preferência. Os resultados indicaram que o aumento da concentração de soro de leite aumentou o teor de umidade e diminuiu o teor de proteína e de gordura. A adição de café alterou somente a umidade dos doces. A análise da superfície de resposta para a composição dos doces mostrou que o teor máximo de substituição de leite por soro para se fabricar doce de leite seria de 37%. Pelo mapa de preferência, observou-se que os doces preferidos pelos consumidores foram os da formulação 1 e 2. O fator determinante na escolha dos doces foi a concentração de café, visto que os consumidores optaram pelas amostras com baixas concentrações de café independente da concentração de soro, possibilitando com isso a utilização do soro de leite e do café na fabricação do doce de leite, obtendo assim um novo produto.This research was carried out with the objective to verify the effect of substitution of milk for whey and the addition effect of coffee in the quality chemical and sensory of dulce de leche. A full factorial was used 2², with two levels (± 1 with the addition of three central points (0 and two levels of axial points (±1.41. The data were analyzed by statistical methodology of response surface and the data obtained with the acceptance testing was assessed using preference mapping. The results indicated that the increased concentration of whey increased the moisture content and yield of sweet and decreased protein and
Acesso a ambulatório pediátrico de um hospital universitário
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Selma C. Franco
1998-08-01
Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: No Brasil verifica-se um descompasso entre o aumento das necessidades de atenção à saúde e de sua oferta. O Sistema Único de Saúde, cujas deretrizes preconizam a atenção universal e eqüânime, determina a relevância desta temática dentro do campo da avaliação dos serviços de saúde. Assim, foram estudados dois ambulatórios de pediatria de um hospital universitário, um geral e outro de uma subespecialiadade (pneumologia, comparando os usuários quanto ao acesso. MÉTODO: Foram aplicados 221 questionários entre clientes de ambos os ambulatórios de pediatria com o objetivo de se estudar e comparar variáveis socioeconômicas, procedência, acesso aos referidos ambulatórios e outros serviços de saúde. RESULTADOS: Evidenciou-se grande dificuldade de locomoção dos pacientes, a maioria dos quais são encaminhados por serviços de saúde locais. Dos pacientes atendidos 40% não receberam nenhum atendimento anteriormente à sua chegada ao hospital, fato que decorre principalmente de seu baixo nível socioeconômico, que os torna dependentes exclusivamente dos serviços públicos de saúde. A comparação entre os dois ambulatórios mostra que os pacientes do ambulatório de especialidade têm melhor nível socioeconômico e são menos dependentes dos serviços públicos, configurando desta forma uma situação de ineqüidade. CONCLUSÕES: É apontado o melhor nível socioeconômico dos usuários da especialidade bem como questões organizacionais do próprio serviço como os responsáveis pela iniqüidade verificada.
Double discharges in unipolar-pulsed dielectric barrier discharge xenon excimer lamps
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Liu Shuhai; Neiger, Manfred
2003-01-01
Excitation of dielectric barrier discharge xenon excimer lamps by unipolar short square pulses is studied in this paper. Two discharges with different polarity are excited by each voltage pulse (double discharge phenomenon). The primary discharge occurs at the top or at the rising flank of the applied unipolar square pulse, which is directly energized by the external circuit. The secondary discharge with the reversed polarity occurs at the falling flank or shortly after the falling flank end (zero external voltage) depending on the pulse width, which is energized by the energy stored by memory charges deposited by the primary discharge. Fast-speed ICCD imaging shows the primary discharge has a conic discharge appearance with a channel broadening on the anode side. This channel broadening increases with increasing the pulse top level. Only the anode-side surface discharge is observed in the primary discharge. The surface discharge on the cathode side which is present in bipolar sine voltage excitation is not observed. On the contrary, the secondary discharge has only the cathode-side surface discharge. The surface discharge on the anode side is not observed. The secondary discharge is much more diffuse than the primary discharge. Time-resolved emission measurement of double discharges show the secondary discharge emits more VUV xenon excimer radiation but less infrared (IR) xenon atomic emission than the primary discharge. It was found that the IR xenon atomic emission from the secondary discharge can be reduced by shortening the pulse width. The energy efficiency of unipolar-pulsed xenon excimer lamps (the overall energy efficiency of double discharges) is much higher than that obtained under bipolar sine wave excitation. The output VUV spectrum under unipolar pulse excitation is found to be identical to that under sine wave excitation and independent of injected electric power
Ovários policísticos: critérios hemodinâmicos
Ávila,Márcio Augusto Pinto de; Murta,Carlos Geraldo Viana
2001-01-01
O advento da ultra-sonografia endovaginal de alta resolução abriu novas áreas de pesquisa nos ovários policísticos. O conhecimento da hemodinâmica ovariana é fundamental para o entendimento do comportamento fisiopatológico dos ovários policísticos. Os autores tecem considerações sobre a possibilidade da utilização do Doppler colorido na melhor definição dos ovários policísticos. Os dados sugerem que o aumento da vascularidade e a diminuição da resistência dos vasos do estroma ovariano, assim ...
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Juraci A. Cesar
2009-12-01
Full Text Available Este estudo teve por objetivo medir a prevalência e identificar fatores associados à percepção de corrimento vaginal patológico por gestantes residentes em Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Aplicou-se questionário padronizado a todas as parturientes nas maternidades do município em 2007. Utilizou-se teste do qui-quadrado para comparar proporções e análise multivariável por regressão de Poisson. A prevalência de corrimento vaginal foi de 40%. Análise ajustada mostrou as seguintes razões de prevalência: 1,6 (1,4-1,8 para adolescentes; 1,3 (1,1-1,6 para aquelas com até oito anos de escolaridade; 1,3 (1,1-1,5 para aquelas que ingeriram álcool; 2,0 (1,8-2,2 para aquelas que referiram corrimento vaginal em gestação anterior; 1,4 (1,3-1,6 para infecção urinária na gestação atual; prematuridade em gestação anterior mostrou-se protetor com RP = 0,8 (0,7-0,9. Os serviços de saúde deveriam priorizar diagnóstico e tratamento de corrimento vaginal entre gestantes adolescentes, de baixa renda familiar e escolaridade, com história prévia de corrimento em gravidez anterior e infecção urinária na gravidez atual.This study aims to determine the prevalence self-reported abnormal vaginal discharge and to identify associated risk factors in pregnant women in the municipality of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. A standardized questionnaire was applied to all pregnant women admitted for delivery in local maternity hospitals. The chi-square test was used to compare proportions, and Poisson regression was applied using multivariate analysis. Prevalence of vaginal discharge was 40%. Adjusted analysis showed the following prevalence ratios for vaginal discharge: 1.6 (1.4-1.8 for adolescents; 1.3 (1.1-1.6 for 8 years of schooling or less; 1.3 (1.1-1.5 for alcohol consumption; 2.0 (1.8-2.2 for vaginal discharge in the previous pregnancy; 1.4 (1.3-1.6 for urinary tract infection in the current pregnancy; and 0.8 (0
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Rafael Jiménez Ocampo
2017-04-01
Full Text Available El sorgo dulce muestra alto rendimiento de forraje para la alimentación de rumiantes. El objetivo fue evaluar el rendimiento y calidad forrajera de tres variedades de sorgo en Durango. En 2014, se evaluaron las variedades Lico, TOM 3 y Mercedes, en la Colonia Hidalgo (CH, Campo Experimental Valle del Guadiana (CEVAG, La Soledad (LS y La Goma (LG. El diseño experimental fue completamente aleatorio con arreglo factorial y cinco repeticiones. Se evaluó forraje verde (FV, forraje seco (FS, proteína cruda (PC, digestibilidad verdadera in vitro (DIVMS, fibra detergente neutra (FDN, fibra detergente ácida (FDA, lignina (L, celulosa (Cel, hemicelulosa (HE, valor relativo (VRF y calidad relativa del forraje (CRF. Se observaron diferencias significativas (P≤0.01 y 0.05 entre ambientes y variedades para FV, FS, L, VRF y CRF y entre ambientes para PC, FDN, FDA, CEL, HE y DIVMS. En CEVAG, se registró el mayor rendimiento de FV (75.9 t ha-1 y FS (12.4 t ha-1. El valor más alto de PC se obtuvo en LG (10 %; mientras que la DIVMS fue alta en LS (78.2 % y más baja en LG (63.9 %. El contenido de L fue más alto en CH (6.3 % y LG (6.2 %; mientras que, en LS fue de 3.4 %. Exceptuando LG, en todos los ambientes se obtuvo alta calidad forrajera (CRF= 106.7 a 135.0 %. El sorgo es una opción forrajera en Durango, aunque debe cuidarse la fecha de siembra y cosecha, control de insectos, riego y fertilización para incrementar el rendimiento y calidad nutricional.
... any unexpected nipple discharge evaluated by a doctor. Nipple discharge in men under any circumstances could be a problem and needs further evaluation. One or both breasts may produce a nipple discharge, either spontaneously or when you squeeze your ...
... Lung biopsy - discharge; Thoracoscopy - discharge; Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery - discharge; VATS - discharge ... milk) for 2 weeks after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and 6 to 8 weeks after open surgery. ...
An assessment of stream water quality of the Rio San Juan, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, 1995-1996.
Flores Laureano, José Santos; Návar, José
2002-01-01
Good water quality of the Rio San Juan is critical for economic development of northeastern Mexico. However, water quality of the river has rapidly degraded during the last few decades. Societal concerns include indications of contamination problems and increased water diversions for agriculture, residential, and industrial water supplies. Eight sampling sites were selected along the river where water samples were collected monthly for 10 mo (October 1995-July 1996). The concentration of heavy metals and chemical constituents and measurements of bacteriological and physical parameters were determined on water samples. In addition, river discharge was recorded. Constituent concentrations in 18.7% of all samples exceeded at least one water quality standard. In particular, concentrations of fecal and total coliform bacteria, sulfate, detergent, dissolved solids, Al, Ba, Cr, Fe, and Cd, exceeded several water quality standards. Pollution showed spatial and temporal variations and trends. These variations were statistically explained by spatial and temporal changes of constituent inputs and discharge. Samples collected from the site upstream of El Cuchillo reservoir had large constituent concentrations when discharge was small; this reservoir supplies domestic and industrial water to the city of Monterrey.
Rio responses in the Netherlands
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Bruggink, J.J.C.
1994-01-01
Three of the five agreements reached in Rio - the Rio Declaration, Agenda 21 and the Framework Convention on Climate Change - are briefly summarised from and energy perspective. The state of the art in the two national policy areas that are crucial for sustainable development, environmental policy and development cooperation, are then described. Some conclusions are drawn regarding the major bottlenecks and challenges for Dutch policies in the wake of Rio. 2 figs
Couto, Ingrid Ramos Reis
2012-01-01
Problema: O aparecimento de casos de adoecimentos por tuberculose entre os funcion?rios do HUAP. Objetivos: Analisar os fatores de risco para tuberculose e o perfil epidemiol?gico dos funcion?rios do HUAP/UFF com resultado da prova tubercul?nica ? 10 mm no per?odo de 2007 a junho de 2011; - Investigar os casos de adoecimento por tuberculose em funcion?rios do HUAP/UFF no per?odo de janeiro de 2004 a julho de 2011; - Identificar a poss?vel associa??o entre o perfil epidemiol?gico dos funcion?r...
Em foco: sustentabilidade Rio 2016, Agosto 2015
2015-01-01
Neste endereço, é possível encontrar o primeiro relatório de sustentabilidade do Rio 2016, "Abraçando Mudanças", bem como o Plano de Gestão de Sustentabilidade, o Relatório de Gestão de Pegada de Carbono e o Relatório de Impacto dos Jogos.
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Guilherme Almeida Rosa da Silva
2014-01-01
Full Text Available Visceral leishmaniasis is an anthropozoonosis that is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, especially Leishmania (Leishmania infantum, and is transmitted to humans by the bite of sandflies of the genus Lutzomyia, such as Lutzomyia longipalpis. There are many reservoirs, including Canis familiaris. It is a chronic infectious disease with systemic involvement that is characterized by three phases: the initial period, the state period and the final period. The main symptoms are fever, malnutrition, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia. This article reports a case of a patient diagnosed with visceral leishmaniasis in the final period following autochthonous transmission in the urban area of Rio de Janeiro. The case reported here is considered by the Municipal Civil Defense and Health Surveillance of Rio de Janeiro to be the first instance of autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis in humans in the urban area of this city. The patient was discharged and is undergoing a follow-up at the outpatient clinic, demonstrating clinical improvement.
Silva, Guilherme Almeida Rosa da; Boechat, Thiago de Oliveira; Ferry, Fernando Raphael de Almeida; Pinto, Jorge Francisco da Cunha; Azevedo, Marcelo Costa Velho Mendes de; Carvalho, Ricardo de Souza; Motta, Rogerio Neves; Veras, Mariana Ferreira
2014-01-01
Visceral leishmaniasis is an anthropozoonosis that is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, especially Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum, and is transmitted to humans by the bite of sandflies of the genus Lutzomyia, such as Lutzomyia longipalpis. There are many reservoirs, including Canis familiaris. It is a chronic infectious disease with systemic involvement that is characterized by three phases: the initial period, the state period and the final period. The main symptoms are fever, malnutrition, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia. This article reports a case of a patient diagnosed with visceral leishmaniasis in the final period following autochthonous transmission in the urban area of Rio de Janeiro. The case reported here is considered by the Municipal Civil Defense and Health Surveillance of Rio de Janeiro to be the first instance of autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis in humans in the urban area of this city. The patient was discharged and is undergoing a follow-up at the outpatient clinic, demonstrating clinical improvement.
Vessel Sewage Discharges: No-Discharge Zones (NDZs)
States may petition the EPA to establish areas, called no discharge zones (NDZs), where vessel sewage discharges are prohibited. This page describes how NDZs are designated, the types of designations, who enforces them, and how to comply.
Desertification, salinization, and biotic homogenization in a dryland river ecosystem
Miyazono, S.; Patino, Reynaldo; Taylor, C.M.
2015-01-01
This study determined long-term changes in fish assemblages, river discharge, salinity, and local precipitation, and examined hydrological drivers of biotic homogenization in a dryland river ecosystem, the Trans-Pecos region of the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo del Norte (USA/Mexico). Historical (1977-1989) and current (2010-2011) fish assemblages were analyzed by rarefaction analysis (species richness), nonmetric multidimensional scaling (composition/variability), multiresponse permutation procedures (composition), and paired t-test (variability). Trends in hydrological conditions (1970s-2010s) were examined by Kendall tau and quantile regression, and associations between streamfiow and specific conductance (salinity) by generalized linear models. Since the 1970s, species richness and variability of fish assemblages decreased in the Rio Grande below the confluence with the Rio Conchos (Mexico), a major tributary, but not above it. There was increased representation of lower-flow/higher-salinity tolerant species, thus making fish communities below the confluence taxonomically and functionally more homogeneous to those above it. Unlike findings elsewhere, this biotic homogenization was due primarily to changes in the relative abundances of native species. While Rio Conchos discharge was > 2-fold higher than Rio Grande discharge above their confluence, Rio Conchos discharge decreased during the study period causing Rio Grande discharge below the confluence to also decrease. Rio Conchos salinity is lower than Rio Grande salinity above their confluence and, as Rio Conchos discharge decreased, it caused Rio Grande salinity below the confluence to increase (reduced dilution). Trends in discharge did not correspond to trends in precipitation except at extreme-high (90th quantile) levels. In conclusion, decreasing discharge from the Rio Conchos has led to decreasing flow and increasing salinity in the Rio Grande below the confluence. This spatially uneven desertification and
Refractory oxides containing aluminium and barium Oxidos refratários contendo alumínio e bário
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T. J. Davies
1998-10-01
Full Text Available Oxides containing aluminium and barium, optionally with chromium, are refractory with several possible industrial uses. A gel precursor of an oxide having the formula BaO.n(Al2xCr2yO3, where 1Oxidos contendo alumínio e bário, opcionalmente com crômio, são refratários com vários possíveis usos industriais. Foi preparado um gel precursor de um óxido de formula BaO.n(Al2xCr2yO3, com 1
Rankin, Dale R.; Oelsner, Gretchen P.; McCoy, Kurt J.; Goeff J.M. Moret,; Jeffery A. Worthington,; Kimberly M. Bandy-Baldwin,
2016-03-17
The Albuquerque area of New Mexico has two principal sources of water: (1) groundwater from the Santa Fe Group aquifer system, and (2) surface water from the Rio Grande. From 1960 to 2002, pumping from the Santa Fe Group aquifer system caused groundwater levels to decline more than 120 feet while water-level declines along the Rio Grande in Albuquerque were generally less than 40 feet. These differences in water-level declines in the Albuquerque area have resulted in a great deal of interest in quantifying the river-aquifer interaction associated with the Rio Grande.In 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, acting as fiscal agent for the Middle Rio Grande Endangered Species Collaborative Program, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, began a study to characterize the hydrogeology of the Rio Grande inner valley alluvial aquifer in the Albuquerque area of New Mexico. The study provides hydrologic data in order to enhance the understanding of rates of water leakage from the Rio Grande to the alluvial aquifer, groundwater flow through the aquifer, and discharge of water from the aquifer to riverside drains. The study area extends about 20 miles along the Rio Grande in the Albuquerque area. Piezometers and surface-water gages were installed in paired transects at eight locations. Nested piezometers, completed at various depths in the alluvial aquifer, and surface-water gages, installed in the Rio Grande and riverside drains, were instrumented with pressure transducers. Water-level and water-temperature data were collected from 2009 to 2010.Water levels from the piezometers indicated that groundwater movement was usually away from the river towards the riverside drains. Annual mean horizontal groundwater gradients in the inner valley alluvial aquifer ranged from 0.0024 (I-25 East) to 0.0144 (Pajarito East). The median hydraulic conductivity values of the inner valley alluvial aquifer, determined from slug tests, ranged from 30
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Elaine Bernini
2013-10-01
Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2014v27n1p37 A fitossociologia de florestas de mangue plantadas e naturais foi comparada no estuário do Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A amostragem da vegetação foi feita pelo método de parcelas, sendo registrado o diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP e a altura dos indivíduos > 1 m de altura. Os resultados indicaram que a floresta plantada apresenta menores valores de DAP médio e área basal, e maior densidade de troncos em relação à floresta natural. A distribuição de indivíduos por classes de altura e a distribuição de troncos por classes diamétricas mostraram que a floresta plantada é mais jovem. Laguncularia racemosa e Rhizophora mangle ocorreram em ambas as florestas, enquanto Avicennia schaueriana foi registrada apenas na floresta plantada. Laguncularia racemosa apresentou maior dominância e densidade relativa em todos os sítios analisados, provavelmente, por ser característica de locais com menor influência marinha e pelo fato do estuário ter sido alterado por perturbações antrópicas.
Lima, Lívia Falcão; Martins, Bruna Cristina Cardoso; Oliveira, Francisco Roberto Pereira de; Cavalcante, Rafaela Michele de Andrade; Magalhães, Vanessa Pinto; Firmino, Paulo Yuri Milen; Adriano, Liana Silveira; Silva, Adriano Monteiro da; Flor, Maria Jose Nascimento; Néri, Eugenie Desirée Rabelo
2016-01-01
To describe and analyze the pharmaceutical orientation given at hospital discharge of transplant patients. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective study that used records of orientation given by the clinical pharmacist in the inpatients unit of the Kidney and Liver Transplant Department, at Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, in the city of Fortaleza (CE), Brazil, from January to July, 2014. The following variables recorded at the Clinical Pharmacy Database were analyzed according to their significance and clinical outcomes: pharmaceutical orientation at hospital discharge, drug-related problems and negative outcomes associated with medication, and pharmaceutical interventions performed. The first post-transplant hospital discharge involved the entire multidisciplinary team and the pharmacist was responsible for orienting about drug therapy. The mean hospital discharges/month with pharmaceutical orientation during the study period was 10.6±1.3, totaling 74 orientations. The prescribed drug therapy had a mean of 9.1±2.7 medications per patient. Fifty-nine drug-related problems were identified, in which 67.8% were related to non-prescription of medication needed, resulting in 89.8% of risk of negative outcomes associated with medications due to untreated health problems. The request for inclusion of drugs (66.1%) was the main intervention, and 49.2% of the medications had some action in the digestive tract or metabolism. All interventions were classified as appropriate, and 86.4% of them we able to prevent negative outcomes. Upon discharge of a transplanted patient, the orientation given by the clinical pharmacist together with the multidisciplinary team is important to avoid negative outcomes associated with drug therapy, assuring medication reconciliation and patient safety. Descrever e analisar a orientação farmacêutica oferecida na alta de pacientes transplantados. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo e retrospectivo, que
State waste discharge permit application for cooling water and condensate discharges
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Haggard, R.D.
1996-08-12
The following presents the Categorical State Waste Discharge Permit (SWDP) Application for the Cooling Water and Condensate Discharges on the Hanford Site. This application is intended to cover existing cooling water and condensate discharges as well as similar future discharges meeting the criteria set forth in this document.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Simone Malutta
2013-01-01
Full Text Available As bacias hidrográficas do rio Preto e do rio Negrinho são as principais unidades do município de Rio Negrinho (SC. Nestas, há pontos de monitoramento de alguns parâmetros de qualidade de água realizados pelo Programa Intermunicipal da Água. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar a análise da qualidade de água nesses vários pontos de monitoramento nos principais rios desse município. Para entender melhor os recursos hídricos da região em termos tanto de qualidade quanto de quantidade, foram feitas análises de correlações entre os dados monitorados de qualidade de água e os dados de vazão diários simulados pelo modelo SWAT. Não se encontrou correlação significativa entre os dados de vazão simulados pelo modelo SWAT e os dados de qualidade de água em todos os pontos analisados. Foi identificado que os rios Serrinhas e Banhado, os quais se localizam na bacia do rio Negrinho, apresentaram índices de qualidade de água inferiores aos demais rios estudados devido principalmente aos efluentes provindos da urbanização. Foi identificado que há medianas, vários outlier e valores extremos dos parâmetros de DBO e OD que ficaram muito acima da legislação vigente.
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Zhang, Dingzong; Wang, Yanhui; Wang, Dezhen
2013-01-01
Period-doubling and chaos phenomenon have been frequently observed in atmospheric-pressure dielectric-barrier discharges. However, how a normal single period discharge bifurcates into period-doubling state is still unclear. In this paper, by changing the driving frequency, we study numerically the transition mechanisms from a normal single period discharge to a period-doubling state using a one-dimensional self-consistent fluid model. The results show that before a discharge bifurcates into a period-doubling state, it first deviates from its normal operation and transforms into an asymmetric single period discharge mode. Then the weaker discharge in this asymmetric discharge will be enhanced gradually with increasing of the frequency until it makes the subsequent discharge weaken and results in the discharge entering a period-doubling state. In the whole transition process, the spatial distribution of the charged particle density and the electric field plays a definitive role. The conclusions are further confirmed by changing the gap width and the amplitude of the applied voltage
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Zhang, Dingzong; Wang, Yanhui; Wang, Dezhen [School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024 (China)
2013-06-15
Period-doubling and chaos phenomenon have been frequently observed in atmospheric-pressure dielectric-barrier discharges. However, how a normal single period discharge bifurcates into period-doubling state is still unclear. In this paper, by changing the driving frequency, we study numerically the transition mechanisms from a normal single period discharge to a period-doubling state using a one-dimensional self-consistent fluid model. The results show that before a discharge bifurcates into a period-doubling state, it first deviates from its normal operation and transforms into an asymmetric single period discharge mode. Then the weaker discharge in this asymmetric discharge will be enhanced gradually with increasing of the frequency until it makes the subsequent discharge weaken and results in the discharge entering a period-doubling state. In the whole transition process, the spatial distribution of the charged particle density and the electric field plays a definitive role. The conclusions are further confirmed by changing the gap width and the amplitude of the applied voltage.
Hysterectomy - vaginal - discharge
Vaginal hysterectomy - discharge; Laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy - discharge; LAVH - discharge ... you were in the hospital, you had a vaginal hysterectomy. Your surgeon made a cut in your ...
CONSTRUÇÃO DE IDENTIDADE(S NA VELHICE: OS TERRITÓRIOS ENQUANTO MARCOS IDENTITÁRIOS
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Marcia Regina Medeiros Veiga
Full Text Available RESUMO Este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre o contributo específico dos territórios - a casa, a rua, o entorno - enquanto referência fundamental na construção identitária de pessoas idosas. Nossa base reflexiva foi construída a partir de observações e descrições do território conhecido como "Alta", no casco histórico de Coimbra, Portugal; entrevistas semiestruturadas, com 12 de seus residentes; e com notas de campo, sistematizadas num diário de bordo da pesquisa, construído para o efeito. A construção identitária de grande parte das pessoas idosas encontra-se profundamente ancorada nos territórios onde vivem, principalmente quando estas pessoas residem há muito tempo em um mesmo espaço geográfico, no qual vivenciam uma parte muito substantiva do seu cotidiano. Esta centralidade é, ainda, reforçada quando apresentam mobilidades reduzidas ou condicionadas, quer pelas dificuldades de acessibilidade dos próprios territórios, quer por limitações pessoais, iniciadas e/ou acentuadas na velhice.
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Li J
2017-09-01
Full Text Available Jun Li,1,* Wenqing Xu,2,* Xiaoli Yuan,3,* Huaiwen Chen,3 Hao Song,1,4 Bingquan Wang,5 Jun Han5 1College of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 2Railway Police College, Zhengzhou, 3Department of Cadre Health Care, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 4Centre for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, 5Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: Breast cancer stem cells (CSCs are responsible for the initiation, recurrence, and metastasis of breast cancer. Sufficient evidence has established that breast cancer cells can spontaneously turn into breast CSCs. Thus, it is essential to simultaneously target breast CSCs and cancer cells to maximize the efficacy of breast cancer therapy. HER2 has been found to be overexpressed in both breast CSCs and cancer cells. We developed salinomycin-loaded polymer–lipid hybrid anti-HER2 nanoparticles (Sali-NP-HER2 to target both HER2-positive breast CSCs and cancer cells.Methods: The antitumor activity of Sali-NP-HER2 constructed by conjugating anti-HER2 antibodies to polymer–lipid salinomycin nanoparticles was evaluated in vitro and in vivo.Results: Sali-NP-HER2 efficiently bound to HER2-positive breast CSCs and cancer cells, resulting in enhanced cytotoxic effects compared with non-targeted nanoparticles or salinomycin. In mice bearing breast cancer xenografts, administration of Sali-NP-HER2 exhibited superior efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth. Sali-NP-HER2 reduced the breast tumorsphere formation rate and the proportion of breast CSCs more effectively than non-targeted nanoparticles or salinomycin alone.Conclusion: Sali-NP-HER2 represents a promising approach in treating HER2-positive breast cancer by targeting both breast CSCs and cancer cells. Keywords: nanoparticles, breast cancer, cancer stem cells, salinomycin, HER2
Salvato, L.; Crossey, L. J.
2013-12-01
The Rio Chama is the largest stream tributary to the Rio Grande in northern New Mexico. The river's geographic location in a semiarid region results in high rates of evapotranspiration and highly variable streamflow. The Rio Chama is part of the San Juan-Chama Drinking Water Project, in which water from the San Juan River, southern Colorado, is diverted across the continental divide to the Rio Chama. Surface water moves through Abiquiu, El Vado and Heron Reservoirs to the Rio Grande to supply Albuquerque with potable drinking water. The results of these anthropogenic influences are a modified flow regime, less variability, greater base-flows, and smaller peak flows. We examined selected locations throughout the Rio Chama system to provide base-line water quality data for ongoing studies. This information will contribute to the development of the best plan to optimize flow releases and maximize benefits of the stakeholders and especially the riparian and stream ecosystems. We report results of two sampling trips representing extremes of the hydrograph in summer 2012 and fall 2012. We collected field parameters, processed water samples, and analyzed them for major anions and cations. The geochemistry enables us to better understand the impact of monthly releases of San Juan river water. We captured two points of the river's streamflow range, 54 cubic feet per second in October 2012 and 1,000 cubic feet per second in August 2012 and looked for variability within the results. We found that the reservoirs exhibit varying anion concentrations from samples taken at different depths. We compared stream waters and selected well samples at a stream transect. These samples allowed us to compare shallow ground water with the stream, and they indicated that the changes in ground water are attributed to sulfate reduction. The anion and cation inputs were most likely derived from gypsum, calcite, and salts, as there are many creeks discharging into the Rio Chama whose drainage
Reflections on the GUN CONTROL Simulation: Pedagogical Implications for EAP Writing Classes
Salies, Tania Gastao
2007-01-01
This article critically reflects on the GUN CONTROL simulation (Salies, 1994a) by retaking ideas advanced by Salies (2002) and applying them to the context of English for Academic Purposes (EAP) writing classes in Brazil. It examines how controlled practice relates to learners' performance on the first draft in a simulation-based content unit…
Deforestation near Rio Branco, Brazil
2001-01-01
Settlement and deforestation surrounding the Brazilian town of Rio Branco are seen here in the striking 'herring bone' deforestation patterns that cut through the rainforest. Rio Brancois the capital of the Brazilian state of Acre and is situated near the border with northeastern Bolivia. The town is a center for the distribution of goods, including rubber, metals, medicinal plants, Brazil nuts and timber. Colonization projects in the region are supported by farming, logging activities, and extensive cattle ranching. Much of the surrounding terrain is of a poorly-draining clay hardpan soil, and heavy rainfall periodically converts parts of the forested region to swamp.The large overview image was acquired by the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer's vertical-viewing (nadir) camera on July 28, 2000, and covers an area of 336 kilometers x 333 kilometers. A plume of smoke is visible north of the Rio Branco road, which roughly parallels the slender, twisting Rio Abuna. Most of the major rivers in the image provide reference points for state or international (Bolivia-Brazil) boundaries, and flow northeast to the Rio Madeira (east of the smoke plume). The border between Acre and the Bolivian department of Pando is marked by the Rio Abuna. Pando's southern boundary with the department of Beni is marked by the Rio Madre de Dios, the large river in the lower half of the image.The two higher-resolution inset images highlight a settled area north of the town of Rio Branco. These nadir views cover an area of 60 kilometers x 67 kilometers, and were acquired eleven months apart during Terra orbits 3251 and 8144. In the later image, more haze is present, possibly due to smoke from fires on that day. Comparing the two images provides a method of measuring the changes and expansion in the area of cleared land. One newly cleared patch is apparent near the middle of the later image, slightly off to the right. This polygon represents an area of about 16 square kilometers, or 4000
... neck fracture repair - discharge; Trochanteric fracture repair - discharge; Hip pinning surgery - discharge ... in the hospital for surgery to repair a hip fracture, a break in the upper part of ...
McKean, Sarah E.; Matherne, Anne Marie; Thomas, Nicole
2014-01-01
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Mexico Environment Department, compiled data from various sources to develop a dataset that can be used to conduct an assessment of the total dissolved solids in surface water and groundwater of the Palomas, Mesilla, and Hueco Basins in New Mexico and Texas, from below Caballo Reservoir, N. Mex., to Fort Quitman, Tex. Data include continuous surface-water discharge records at various locations on the Rio Grande; surface-water-quality data for the Rio Grande collected at selected locations in the Palomas, Mesilla, and Hueco Basins; groundwater levels and groundwater-quality data collected from selected wells in the Palomas and Mesilla Basins; and data from several seepage investigations conducted on the Rio Grande and selected drains in the Mesilla Basin.
Travelling-wave-sustained discharges
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Schlueter, Hans; Shivarova, Antonia
2007-01-01
This review is on discharges maintained by travelling waves: new plasma sources, discovered in 1974 and considered as a prototype of the gas discharges according to their definition as nonlinear systems which unify in a self-consistent manner plasmas and fields. In the presentation here of the fluid-plasma models of the diffusion-controlled regime of the travelling-wave-sustained discharges (TWSDs), the basic features of the discharge maintenance-the discharge self-consistency and the electron heating in the high-frequency field-are stressed. Operation of stationary and pulsed discharges, discharge maintenance without and in external magnetic fields as well as discharge production in different gases (argon, helium, helium-argon gas mixtures and hydrogen) are covered. Modulation instability of diffusion-controlled discharges and discharge filamentation at higher gas pressures are also included in the review. Experimental findings which motivate aspects of the reported modelling are pointed out
... total - discharge; Total ankle arthroplasty - discharge; Endoprosthetic ankle replacement - discharge; Osteoarthritis - ankle ... You had an ankle replacement. Your surgeon removed and reshaped ... an artificial ankle joint. You received pain medicine and were ...
Pediatric asthma - discharge; Wheezing - discharge; Reactive airway disease - discharge ... Your child has asthma , which causes the airways of the lungs to swell and narrow. In the hospital, the doctors and nurses helped ...
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Maeno, Katsuki; Kawasaki, Kozo; Hiratsuka, Hajime; Kawashima, Shuichi.
1989-01-01
In a thermonuclear device, etc. impurities adsorbed to inner walls of a vacuum vessel by glow discharge are released to clean the vacuum vessel for preventing intrusion of the impurities into plasmas. The object of the present invention is to minimize the capacity of a power source equipment for the glow discharge device to the least extent. That is, a stabilization resistance is connected in series between each of a plurality of anodes which are inserted and arranged at the inside of a vacuum vessel as a cathode and a power source respectively. The resistance value R is selected so as to satisfy the relation: R < (Vi - Vm)/Ii, in which Vi: glow discharge starting voltage, Vm: glow discharge keeping voltage, Ii: glow discharge starting current. Accordingly, if a voltage is applied from a power source to a plurality of anodes, scattering of electric discharge between the anodes can be suppressed and the effect of voltage drop during discharge by the stabilization resistance can be eliminated. As a result, it is possible to provide an economically advantageous glow discharge device with the capacity for the power source facility being to the least extent. (K.M.)
TERRITÓRIOS E FRONTEIRAS AMAZÔNICAS
Nogueira, Ricardo José Batista
2014-01-01
O texto apresenta uma discussão sobre a diversidade de territórios e fronteiras na Amazônia. Demonstra as diferenças entre fronteiras políticas e econômicas e a mobilidade no interior destes territórios. Aponta ainda que a criação de novos territórios - ecológicos e étnicos - instituiu novas fronteiras às populações rurais.
Sulfato de bário versus carbonato de bário: um trágico equívoco de solubilidade
NEVES, Eduardo Almeida; NEVES, Regina Maria de Almeida
2004-01-01
Envenenamento seguido de morte de pessoas que ingeriram um sulfato de bário preparado em laboratório farmacêutico (em exames de Raios X), foram vítimas de produto contendo alguma porcentagem de carbonato de bário como contaminante. Tratamento por equilíbrio químico dos dados de solubilidade dos precipitados nas condições de acidez estomacal mostrou que a presença do carbonato de bário causa um aumento de solubilidade de 19200 vezes em íons de bário, em comparação com a esperada pelo sulfat...
Desertification, salinization, and biotic homogenization in a dryland river ecosystem.
Miyazono, Seiji; Patiño, Reynaldo; Taylor, Christopher M
2015-04-01
This study determined long-term changes in fish assemblages, river discharge, salinity, and local precipitation, and examined hydrological drivers of biotic homogenization in a dryland river ecosystem, the Trans-Pecos region of the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo del Norte (USA/Mexico). Historical (1977-1989) and current (2010-2011) fish assemblages were analyzed by rarefaction analysis (species richness), nonmetric multidimensional scaling (composition/variability), multiresponse permutation procedures (composition), and paired t-test (variability). Trends in hydrological conditions (1970s-2010s) were examined by Kendall tau and quantile regression, and associations between streamflow and specific conductance (salinity) by generalized linear models. Since the 1970s, species richness and variability of fish assemblages decreased in the Rio Grande below the confluence with the Rio Conchos (Mexico), a major tributary, but not above it. There was increased representation of lower-flow/higher-salinity tolerant species, thus making fish communities below the confluence taxonomically and functionally more homogeneous to those above it. Unlike findings elsewhere, this biotic homogenization was due primarily to changes in the relative abundances of native species. While Rio Conchos discharge was>2-fold higher than Rio Grande discharge above their confluence, Rio Conchos discharge decreased during the study period causing Rio Grande discharge below the confluence to also decrease. Rio Conchos salinity is lower than Rio Grande salinity above their confluence and, as Rio Conchos discharge decreased, it caused Rio Grande salinity below the confluence to increase (reduced dilution). Trends in discharge did not correspond to trends in precipitation except at extreme-high (90th quantile) levels. In conclusion, decreasing discharge from the Rio Conchos has led to decreasing flow and increasing salinity in the Rio Grande below the confluence. This spatially uneven desertification and
Landeiro, F; Leal, J; Gray, A M
2016-02-01
Delayed discharges represent an inefficient use of acute hospital beds. Social isolation and referral to a public-funded rehabilitation unit were significant predictors of delayed discharges while admission from an institution was a protective factor for older hip fracture patients. Preventing delays could save between 11.2 and 30.7 % of total hospital costs for this patient group. Delayed discharges of older patients from acute care hospitals are a major challenge for administrative, humanitarian, and economic reasons. At the same time, older people are particularly vulnerable to social isolation which has a detrimental effect on their health and well-being with cost implications for health and social care services. The purpose of the present study was to determine the impact and costs of social isolation on delayed hospital discharge. A prospective study of 278 consecutive patients aged 75 or older with hip fracture admitted, as an emergency, to the Orthopaedics Department of Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, Portugal, was conducted. A logistic regression model was used to examine the impact of relevant covariates on delayed discharges, and a negative binomial regression model was used to examine the main drivers of days of delayed discharges. Costs of delayed discharges were estimated using unit costs from national databases. Mean age at admission was 85.5 years and mean length of stay was 13.1 days per patient. Sixty-two (22.3 %) patients had delayed discharges, resulting in 419 bed days lost (11.5 % of the total length of stay). Being isolated or at a high risk of social isolation, measured with the Lubben social network scale, was significantly associated with delayed discharges (odds ratio (OR) 3.5) as was being referred to a public-funded rehabilitation unit (OR 7.6). These two variables also increased the number of days of delayed discharges (2.6 and 4.9 extra days, respectively, holding all else constant). Patients who were admitted from an
Angioplasty and stent - heart - discharge
Drug-eluting stents - discharge; PCI - discharge; Percutaneous coronary intervention - discharge; Balloon angioplasty - discharge; Coronary angioplasty - discharge; Coronary artery angioplasty - discharge; Cardiac ...
Pediatric heart surgery - discharge
... discharge; Heart valve surgery - children - discharge; Heart surgery - pediatric - discharge; Heart transplant - pediatric - discharge ... Geme JW, Schor NF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics . 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 434. ...
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ricardo Ferreira Freitas
2014-12-01
Full Text Available The purpose of this article is to discuss the role of Rock in Rio: The Musical, as herald of megafestival Rock in Rio. Driven by the success that musicals have reached in Brazil, we believe that the design of this spectacle of music, dance and staging renews the brand of the rock festival, once it adds the force of young and healthy bodies to its concept. Moreover, the musical provides Rock in Rio with some distance from the controversal trilogy of sex, drugs and rock and roll, a strong mark of past festivals around the world. Thus, the musical expands the possibilities of growth for the brand.
Comportamento aleatório: algumas considerações
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Barba Lourenço de Souza
2000-01-01
Full Text Available Este estudo defende que o comportamento aleatório pode tornar-se legítimo objeto de estudo de uma ciência do comportamento. Analisamos inicialmente algumas considerações que B. F. Skinner formulou sobre o comportamento aleatório em suas Contingências do Reforço. Segundo Skinner (1969/1975, o comportamento aleatório "não apresenta interesse como processo de comportamento". Apresentamos uma rigorosa definição de "comportamento aleatório". Sustentamos que o comportamento aleatório pode constituir objeto de análise funcional, examinando alguns estudos empíricos que se têm conduzido sobre o comportamento aleatório. Apresentamos ainda algumas dificuldades empíricas e teóricas que podem afetar as investigações nessa área. Concluímos que o comportamento aleatório é um fascinante e importante tópico para uma completa ciência do comportamento.
Inventário de Emissões de Gases de Efeito Estufa no Campus Gávea da PUC-Rio
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João Paulo Andrade F. de Carvalho
Full Text Available RESUMO O presente trabalho apresenta resultados preliminares de um inventário de emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEE elaborado para o campus da PUC-Rio, situado no bairro da Gávea, zona sul da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Foram identificadas emissões de GEE nos escopos 1 (combustão estacionária e móvel, emissões fugitivas, escopo 2 (consumo de energia elétrica e escopo 3 (transporte, viagens, geração e descarte de resíduos sólidos, seguindo metodologias recomendadas pelo Programa Brasileiro GHG Protocol. Dentre as fontes de emissão, a mais difícil de quantificar foi justamente a principal geradora, relacionada com os deslocamentos entre o campus e as residências dos 20 mil potenciais frequentadores diários da PUC-Rio durante 2011.
Discharge current characteristics as an 'electrical method' for glow discharge plasma diagnosis
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Toma, M.; Paraschivescu, Alina; Morminches, Anisoara
2001-01-01
In its simplest form, the glow discharge can be established by passing an electric current through gas between two electrodes. The gas and the electrodes are contained in an insulating envelope. In many technological applications, and not only, the plasma devices are often treated like a black box. There is a series of external parameters or control variables which can be adjusted to obtain a desired effect, namely, the operating voltage, gas pressure, gas nature, gas flow rate, magnetic field strength and magnetic field configuration, electric field geometry, interelectrode distance, and cathode characteristics. The discharge current can be controlled by each of the above control variables. The core idea of this work is the following: a lot of information about the phenomena from the discharge volume, at electrodes or at the discharge bounding wall surface, can be obtained knowing how the change of one of the control parameters influences the discharge current. The following regimes were analyzed: dark discharges (background ionization, saturation regime, Townsend regime, corona regime), glow discharge (the normal and abnormal discharge) and arc discharge (glow to arc transition, non-thermal arcs, thermal arcs). It was concluded that the nonlinearity in the shape of the discharge current characteristics as a function of an external control parameter, can be correlated with the elementary processes and the dynamics of different space charge structures generated in plasma devices. (authors)
Tratamento de esgoto sanitário em sistemas alagados construídos cultivados com lírio-amarelo
Prata,Renata C. C.; Matos,Antonio T. de; Cecon,Paulo R.; Monaco,Paola A. V. Lo; Pimenta,Leonardo A.
2013-01-01
Neste artigo, avaliou-se a eficiência de quatro sistemas alagados construídos (SACs) no tratamento de esgoto sanitário após ser submetido a tratamento preliminar e, no caso de alguns SACs, a tratamento primário (tanque séptico). Os SACs foram cultivados com lírio-amarelo (Hemerocallis flava), tendo a brita #0 como meio suporte, e submetidos às taxas de carregamento orgânico (TCO) de esgoto sanitário, em termos de DBO (kg ha-1 d-1), de 44; 98; 230 e 395 kg ha-1 d-1 e tempos de detenção hidrául...
... and lifestyle Cholesterol - drug treatment Controlling your high blood pressure Deep vein thrombosis - discharge Dietary fats explained Fast food tips Heart attack - discharge Heart attack - what to ask your doctor Heart bypass ... pacemaker - discharge High blood pressure - what to ask your doctor How to read ...
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Francisco Arnoldo Nunes de Miranda
2010-09-01
érdida de vínculo con la familia y la sociedad.This article aims to rescue aspects of the performing therapeutic of the Day Hospital (HD Dr. Élger Nunes, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, during its term, and analyze the results regarding to the number of patients assisted from 1996 to 2004. This is an empirical, descriptive and exploratory study, ex post facto with a quantitative approach, carried out from records of 910 people attended in the hospital. The data was submitted to the informational resource software Microsoft Excel and converted into diagrams. The results shows a greater accessibility to this treatment modality, decreasing in hospitalization-time length and improving hospital discharge conditions for users, with reduction in number of patients who interrupted treatment. It focus on the importance of the Day Hospital in the process of psychiatric reform, with care grounded on the use of the humanized therapeutic practices, and still not losing the bond with family and society.
Moring, J. Bruce; Braun, Christopher L.; Pearson, Daniel K.
2014-01-01
In 2010–11, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, evaluated the physical characteristics and fish assemblage composition of mapped river mesohabitats at four sites on the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo del Norte (hereinafter Rio Grande) in and near Big Bend National Park, Texas. The four sites used for the river habitat study were colocated with sites where the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has implemented an experimental reintroduction of the Rio Grande silvery minnow (Hybognathus amarus), a federally listed endangered species, into part of the historical range of this species. The four sites from upstream to downstream are USGS station 08374340 Rio Grande at Contrabando Canyon near Lajitas, Tex. (hereinafter the Contrabando site), USGS station 290956103363600 Rio Grande at Santa Elena Canyon, Big Bend National Park, Tex. (hereinafter the Santa Elena site), USGS station 291046102573900 Rio Grande near Ranger Station at Rio Grande Village, Tex. (hereinafter the Rio Grande Village site), and USGS station 292354102491100 Rio Grande above Stillwell Crossing near Big Bend National Park, Tex. (hereinafter the Stillwell Crossing site).
Itinerário dos usuários de medicamentos via judicial no estado do Amazonas, Brasil
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Marselle Nobre de Carvalho
2014-12-01
Full Text Available Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar o itinerário dos usuários que tiveram acesso a medicamentos via judicial no estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, prospectivo, baseado em dados coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com usuários que receberam medicamentos via mandado judicial. A judicialização na saúde mostrou-se um fator agregador ao reconhecimento dos direitos e da cidadania pelos usuários que, na sua trajetória de vida, acabaram adquirindo um grande aprendizado sobre formas de enfrentar a falta de acesso aos medicamentos. Conclui-se que a relação entre o sujeito e o Estado permanece desigual, e o direito à saúde se deu na dimensão individual e restritiva, desconsiderando a dimensão coletiva e a concepção de cidadania.
Albuquerque/Middle Rio Grande Urban Waters Viewer
These data have been compiled in support of the Middle Rio Grande/Albuquerque Urban Waters Partnership for the region including Albuquerque, New Mexico.The Middle Rio Grande/Albuquerque Urban Waters Federal Partnership is co-chaired by the U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. There are also a number of other federal agencies engaged in projects with Tribal, State, and local officials, and community stakeholders. Like many western river ecosystems, the Middle Rio Grande faces numerous challenges in balancing competing needs within a finite water supply and other resource constrains. Historical practices by our ancestors and immigrants to the Middle Rio Grande have established the conditions that we have inherited. Long-term drought exacerbated by climate change is changing conditions that affect natural and human communities as we strive to improve our precious Rio Grande.The Middle Rio Grande/Albuquerque Urban Waters Federal Partnership will reconnect our urban communities, particularly those that are overburdened or economically distressed, with the waterway by improving coordination among federal agencies and collaborating with community-led revitalization efforts. Our projects will improve our community water systems and promote their economic, environmental and social benefits. Specifically, the Middle Rio Grande/Albuquerque Urban Waters Federal Partnership will support the development of the Valle de Oro
O Barão do Rio Branco no Itamaraty (1902-1912 Baron of Rio Branco in Itamaraty (1902-1912
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Clodoaldo Bueno
2012-12-01
Full Text Available Os cem anos do fim da gestão do Barão do Rio Branco no Ministério das Relações Exteriores do Brasil coincidem com um momento politicamente propício para se revisitar o legado do patrono da diplomacia brasileira, em especial o referente aos Estados Unidos e ao Prata, os dois principais eixos das relações externas do País. Examinam-se o teor das relações com a potência hegemônica do hemisfério e o caráter oscilante daquelas com a Argentina. A partir de fontes primárias e bibliográficas, o autor procura demonstrar que Rio Branco, além do fechamento dos limites do território nacional, firmou tendências e procedimentos que se incorporaram à tradição da diplomacia brasileira, analisando, para isso, a função do alinhamento Rio de Janeiro-Washington no conjunto da política externa do chanceler e o padrão das relações com o governo argentino, fatores que influenciaram seus movimentos no entorno geográfico. A política de prestígio desenvolvida por Rio Branco decorreu da aspiração em diferenciar seu país do conjunto de nações do segmento sul do hemisfério, identificadas com convulsões políticas e insolvência financeira.The hundredth anniversary of the end of Baron of Rio Branco's administration at the Brazilian Ministry of External Relations matches with a politically favorable moment for examining the legacy of the patron of the Brazilian Diplomacy, especially concerning the United States and the Río de la Plata, the two main axes of Brazilian foreign relations. It examines the content of the relations with the hemisphere's hegemonic power and the oscillating nature of the relations with Argentina. Using primary and bibliographic sources, the author aims to demonstrate that, in addition to accomplishing the process of delimiting the country's boundaries, Rio Branco established trends and procedures which were incorporated into the Brazilian Diplomatic Tradition. For this, the author analyzes the role the Rio de
Abdissa, Hordofa Gutema; Lemu, Yohannes Kebede; Nigussie, Dejene Tilahun
2014-09-26
Prevalence of HIV and other STI is high among migrant mining workers due to factors such as dangerous working conditions, only masculine identities existence, living away from families, desolate and in hospitable place. This makes them known to be HIV and STI vulnerable group in different part of the world. But, in Ethiopia they were not thought as at risk group yet. So the aim of this study is to assess magnitude of HIV preventive behaviours and associated factors among gold miners in Sali traditional gold mining site. A cross sectional study was conducted to assess HIV preventive behavior of the mining worker. The data were collected using interviewer administered structured questionnaire adapted from other related behavioural studies. The data was entered using EPI data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 17. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess relationship of HIV preventive behavior with constructs of health belief model. A total of 393 respondents with response rate of 93.12% were participated. All of the study participants were male 393(100%), the mean age of the participant was 24.0 (± 5.13SD). Less than half of the respondents 187(47.6%) were engaged in HIV preventive behavior. Less than half (45.3%) of them have high perceived susceptibility to HIV/AIDS; majority (62.8%) of them has high perceived severity to HIV/AIDS. HIV preventive behavior is negatively associated with being in middle, higher and highest income [OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.74], [OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.98] and [OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.77] respectively and positively associated with Completing secondary, tertiary school and self efficacy [OR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.11, 6.41], [OR = 5.40, 95% CI: 1.54, 19] and [OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.94] respectively. The HIV preventive behavior of the mining worker was low. Being engaged in sexual intercourse with one sexual partner is very low, Consistent condom use among these mining workers was low. Income, educational status
Luce, J.S.; Smith, L.P.
1960-11-22
A method and apparatus are given for producing coaxial arc discharges in an evacuated enclosure and within a strong, confining magnetic field. The arcs are maintained at a high potential difference. Electrons will diffuse to the more positive arc from the negative arc, and positive ions will diffuse from the more positive arc to the negative arc. Coaxial arc discharges have the advantage that ions which return to strike the positive arc discharge will lose no energy since they do not strike a solid wall or electrode. Those discharges are useful in confining an ionized plasma between the discharges, and have the advantage of preventing impurities from the walls of the enclosure from entering ihe plasma area because of the arc barrier set up bv the cylindrical outer arc.
Oelsner, G. P.; Brooks, P. D.; Hogan, J. F.; Phillips, F. M.; Villinski, J. E.
2005-12-01
We have performed five years of biannual synoptic sampling along a 1200km reach of the Rio Grande to develop relationships between discharge, land use, and major water quality parameters. Both total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations gradually increase with distance downstream, however for TDN and phosphate this trend is punctuated by large, localized inputs primarily from urban wastewater. Somewhat surprisingly, surface water draining from areas of intensive, irrigated agriculture during the growing season often had lower nutrient and DOC concentrations than the river. To better quantify the effects of urban and agricultural systems on water quality we conducted three years of higher spatial resolution sampling of a 250km reach (between Cochiti Dam and Elephant Butte Reservoir) that contains both major agricultural and urban water users. During the higher flow years of 2001 and 2005 TDN concentrations in the river were higher (x = 1.19mg/L, SD = 0.21) than in the drier years 2002-2004 (x = 0.52mg/L, SD = 0.42). TDN concentrations decreased from 1.97mg/L to 0.78 mg/L in a 5km reach below the Albuquerque wastewater treatment plant during the low discharge year of 2004, but there was little to no decrease in TDN concentrations over the 180km below the wastewater treatment plant in years with higher river discharge. In contrast, water diverted to agricultural fields and returned to the river in drains experienced a 60% reduction in TDN concentrations in dry years and a 30% reduction in wet years compared to initial river water. During the dry years, water in the conveyance channel appears to be a mixture of river and drain water whereas in wetter years the conveyance channel has a lower average TDN concentration than either the river or the drains. These data suggest that the river-riparian-hyporheic system of the Rio Grande can serve at best as a weak N sink, while the combination of agricultural fields and drains serve as a
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Maria C Colecio-Juárez
2012-06-01
Full Text Available The essential oil of citrus fruit contains components pleasant sensory characteristics that are appreciated in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. In the case of sweet lime (Citrus limetta Risso, is necessary to characterize the essential oil components, to identify potential uses of this fruit. The essential oil of sweet lime was obtained from lime flavedo in four different maturation stages. Steam distillation was employed and then compared with hexane extraction. The identification of the components in the essential oil was carried out by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. A total of 46 components were found in the essence of lime, among which the highest concentration of compounds present were aldehydes such as limonene. Linalool, sabinene, and bergamol were more abundant than in other varieties. The best extraction method was steam distillation, and the concentrations in stage III from the main terpenic portion were d-limonene with 74.4%, bergamol with 8.23%, and β-pinene with 7.62%.El aceite esencial de frutos cítricos contiene componentes de características sensoriales agradables que son apreciadas en las industrias alimentaria, farmacéutica y de cosméticos. En el caso de la lima dulce (Citrus limetta Risso, es necesaria la caracterización de los componentes de su aceite esencial para identificar usos potenciales de este fruto. El aceite esencial de lima dulce se obtuvo a partir del flavedo de lima en cuatro etapas de maduración diferentes. Se utilizó destilación por arrastre de vapor y se comparó con la extracción con hexano. La identificación de los componentes en el aceite esencial se realizó por cromatografía de gases y espectrometría de masas. Se encontró un total de 46 componentes en el aceite esencial de lima, entre los cuales la mayor concentración de compuestos presentes son aldehídos como el limoneno. Linalol, sabineno y bergamol fueron más abundantes que en otras variedades. El mejor m
Record of Pleopis schmackeri (Poppe Branchiopoda in Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Wanda Maria Monteiro-Ribas
2013-03-01
Full Text Available The paper describes the first occurrence of Pleopis schmackeri (Poppe, 1889 (Branchiopoda, Onychopoda in Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil is described. This marine cladoceran species occurred in zooplanktonic samples obtained on July, 2003 with mean density of 10 ind.m-3. Its presence may be related to two hypotheses, due to ballast water and through the Brazilian current, which gets closer to the coast Winter.
Ledonne, Norman C; Rissolo, Kevin; Bulgarelli, James; Tini, Leonard
2011-02-07
Standard approaches to address the performance of predictive models that used common statistical measurements for the entire data set provide an overview of the average performance of the models across the entire predictive space, but give little insight into applicability of the model across the prediction space. Guha and Van Drie recently proposed the use of structure-activity landscape index (SALI) curves via the SALI curve integral (SCI) as a means to map the predictive power of computational models within the predictive space. This approach evaluates model performance by assessing the accuracy of pairwise predictions, comparing compound pairs in a manner similar to that done by medicinal chemists. The SALI approach was used to evaluate the performance of continuous prediction models for MDR1-MDCK in vitro efflux potential. Efflux models were built with ADMET Predictor neural net, support vector machine, kernel partial least squares, and multiple linear regression engines, as well as SIMCA-P+ partial least squares, and random forest from Pipeline Pilot as implemented by AstraZeneca, using molecular descriptors from SimulationsPlus and AstraZeneca. The results indicate that the choice of training sets used to build the prediction models is of great importance in the resulting model quality and that the SCI values calculated for these models were very similar to their Kendall τ values, leading to our suggestion of an approach to use this SALI/SCI paradigm to evaluate predictive model performance that will allow more informed decisions regarding model utility. The use of SALI graphs and curves provides an additional level of quality assessment for predictive models.
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Dakin, J. [GE Lighting, Cleveland, OH (United States)
1994-12-31
This talk is an overview of discharge lamp technology commonly employed in general lighting, with emphasis on issues pertinent to lighting for plant growth. Since the audience is primarily from the plant growth community, and this begins the light source part of the program, we will start with a brief description of the discharge lamps. Challenges of economics and of thermal management make lamp efficiency a prime concern in controlled environment agriculture, so we will emphasize science considerations relating to discharge lamp efficiency. We will then look at the spectra and ratings of some representative lighting products, and conclude with a discussion of technological advance. A general overview of discharge lighting technology can be found in the book of Waymouth (1971). A recent review of low pressure lighting discharge science is found in Dakin (1991). The pioneering paper of Reiling (1964) provides a good introduction to metal halide discharges. Particularly relevant to lighting for plant growth, a recent and thorough treatment of high pressure Na lamps is found in the book by deGroot and vanVliet (1986). Broad practical aspects of lighting application are thoroughly covered in the IES Lighting Handbook edited by Kaufman (1984).
Tennis elbow surgery - discharge
... epicondylitis surgery - discharge; Lateral tendinosis surgery - discharge; Lateral tennis elbow surgery - discharge ... long as you are told. This helps ensure tennis elbow will not return. You may be prescribed a ...
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ricardo R. Figueiredo
2004-04-01
Full Text Available A Otite Externa Aguda é uma doença extremamente comum em países tropicais, especialmente no verão. Vários fatores predisponentes são identificáveis e o quadro clínico pode ser bastante variado, principalmente com relação à intensidade da otalgia. OBJETIVO: Avaliar, através de um estudo prospectivo no maior hospital de Emergências do Rio de Janeiro, a incidência e as características da otite externa no período de verão. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Estudo clínico com coorte transversal. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: 391 pacientes com otite externa atendidos no Serviço de ORL do Hospital Souza Aguiar foram avaliados em uma série de parâmetros clínicos e de tratamento, incluindo análise de possíveis fatores predisponentes. RESULTADOS: Os principais sintomas referidos foram otalgia, otorréia discreta e plenitude auricular. Os principais fatores predisponentes foram banho de mar e piscina e uso de cotonetes. CONCLUSÃO: A otite externa aguda é uma doença extremamente comum em países tropicais, especialmente no verão. A possível contaminação da água de praias e piscinas, embora descartada por vários autores como fatores predisponentes, pode ter alguma influência na sua patogênese.The acute external otitis is a very common disease in tropical countries, especially in summer. There are many predisposing factors and clinical features may vary, particularly the pain's severity. AIM: Evaluate, with a prospective study in Rio de Janeiro's largest Urgencies Hospital, the incidence and characteristics of the acute external otitis in summer. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical study with transversal cohort. MATERIAL AND METH: 391 patients with acute external otitis in Souza Aguiar Hospital were evaluated in several clinical and treatment parameters, including predisposing factors analysis. RESULTS Pain, moderate ear discharge and sensation of "full ear" were the most common complaints. Sea and pool baths and the use of ear sticks were the most common
Aspectos de leiaute e de design de lojas de vestuário: estudo da percepção dos usuários
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Márcia Machado França
2017-05-01
Full Text Available Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar o leiaute e os elementos do design tais como: iluminação, mobiliário presentes nos espaços da rede de varejo do vestuário do modelo fast fashion e a influência destes na percepção dos usuários. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação não participante com os usuários destes espaços, buscando informações da interação deles com o ambiente. A revisão da literatura abordou os seguintes tópicos: design de lojas, modelo fast fashion, varejo de moda e usuários do vestuário. Por meio dos dados da pesquisa será possível identificar possíveis obstáculos do ambiente de loja para poder gerar melhores alternativas deste espaço ao usuário. Esta pesquisa aponta para abertura de novas oportunidades de exploração do design de lojas nos segmentos de varejo, por meio dos levantamentos obtidos nesta pesquisa.
Teorias do abuso no planejamento tributário
Luís Flávio Neto
2011-01-01
O presente estudo analisa teorias do abuso no planejamento tributário. Inicialmente, busca-se definir e diferenciar planejamento tributário, planejamento tributário abusivo e evasão fiscal, partindo-se da premissa de que compete a cada Estado estabelecer, de forma peculiar, quais os critérios devem ser adotados para a identificação dessas figuras em seu ordenamento jurídico. Analisam-se os princípios constitucionais que podem ser ponderados no Brasil em relação a esse tema. Diante das teses q...
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hu Jian; Jiang Nan; Li Jie; Shang Kefeng; Lu Na; Wu Yan; Mizuno Akira
2016-01-01
The discharge characteristics of the series surface/packed-bed discharge (SSPBD) reactor driven by bipolar pulse power were systemically investigated in this study. In order to evaluate the advantages of the SSPBD reactor, it was compared with traditional surface discharge (SD) reactor and packed-bed discharge (PBD) reactor in terms of the discharge voltage, discharge current, and ozone formation. The SSPBD reactor exhibited a faster rising time and lower tail voltage than the SD and PBD reactors. The distribution of the active species generated in different discharge regions of the SSPBD reactor was analyzed by optical emission spectra and ozone analysis. It was found that the packed-bed discharge region (3.5 mg/L), rather than the surface discharge region (1.3 mg/L) in the SSPBD reactor played a more important role in ozone generation. The optical emission spectroscopy analysis indicated that more intense peaks of the active species (e.g. N2 and OI) in the optical emission spectra were observed in the packed-bed region. (paper)
Os limiares planetários, a Rio+20 e o papel do Brasil
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Eduardo Viola
Full Text Available Neste artigo consideramos os problemas ambientais globais dentro do conceito de limiares planetários, em convergência com os últimos avanços das ciências naturais. Nesse contexto, nosso objetivo é explorar o papel do Brasil na governança do espaço de operação seguro para a humanidade, avaliando como o país complementa o enorme capital ambiental físico que possui com ações políticas específicas orientadas para uma economia verde de baixo carbono (EVBC, tanto no âmbito doméstico quanto no internacional. Para atingir essa meta, em primeiro lugar discutimos conceitualmente a economia verde de baixo carbono como paradigma de desenvolvimento compatível com um espaço de operação seguro para a humanidade; em segundo lugar, analisamos a Rio+20 pelo prisma da governança global dos limiares planetários e pela atuação brasileira na Cúpula; e finalmente fazemos um diagnóstico da situação do Brasil em relação ao novo paradigma de desenvolvimento. Como conclusões da análise, destacamos a crescente distância entre a aceleração dos problemas da interdependência - especialmente a definição de um espaço seguro de operação para a humanidade - e os mecanismos globais de governança existentes, derivada de um sistema internacional bloqueado e dominado por forças conservadoras. O resultado frustrante da Rio+20 é evidência clara dessa defasagem. Nessa dinâmica, o Brasil tem o potencial para ser um ator central da governança dos limiares planetários, por seu vasto capital ambiental físico. No entanto, o mínimo avanço da EVBC no país degrada essa capacidade de agência, e o torna uma potência ambiental subdesenvolvida (underachiever environmental power.
Prostate brachytherapy - discharge
Implant therapy - prostate cancer - discharge; Radioactive seed placement - discharge ... You had a procedure called brachytherapy to treat prostate cancer. Your treatment lasted 30 minutes or more, ...
PRONTUÁRIO ELETRÔNICO DO PACIENTE: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
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Luan Barbosa Hubner
2017-03-01
Full Text Available O prontuário eletrônico é uma ferramenta de grande auxilio para gestão em unidade básica de saúde (UBS, hospitais e clinicas. Quando falamos de prontuário eletrônico percebemos que possui vários nomes, como: Prontuário do Paciente, Prontuário Familiar, Prontuário Médico, Prontuário Hospitalar, Registro do Paciente entre outros. Com a ideia de melhorar o atendimento dos pacientes, garantir segurança para os dados e manter um histórico do paciente da sua vida toda, se seu uso for bem trabalhado com cuidado e alimentado o sistema corretamente irá ser de grande aproveitamento e ajuda para a instituição. Diante disto o objetivo do presente estudo é uma revisão de literatura, para avaliar a eficácia da implantação de um prontuário eletrônico. Nenhum estudo mostrou que o prontuário teve efeito negativo em sua implantação, apenas apresenta algumas desvantagens, sendo a implantação do prontuário eletrônico de grande valia em UBS que ainda não os possuem.
Reconstructing the history of 14C discharges from Sellafield. Part 2. Aquatic discharges
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Cook, G.T.; MacKenzie, A.B.; Naysmith, F.H.; Anderson, R.; Naysmith, P.; Kershaw, P.J.
2004-01-01
Prior to 1984, the reported marine 14 C discharges from Sellafield were estimates: 0.2 TBq per annum from 1952 to 1969 and 1 TBq per annum until 1984 when measurements commenced. The relationship between the net excess 14 C activity in annually collected Nori (Porphyra umbilicalis) seaweed samples and the annual discharges (estimated and measured) implies that the discharges were not as constant as the estimates. Based on the relationship between post-1984 measured discharges and the excess 14 C in the seaweed, two simple empirical models were used to re-calculate the discharges between 1967 and 1984. Gamma-spectrometry measurements on the seaweed also indicate that Porphyra is a sensitive indicator of changes in discharge of other radionuclides, brought about by the introduction of new waste clean-up technologies within Sellafield. (author)
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T. N. Bukharova
2008-01-01
Full Text Available According to the data available in the literature, as high as 50% of women have benign breast tumors frequently accompanied by nip- ple discharge. Nipple discharge may be serous, bloody, purulent, and colostric. The most common causes are breast abscess, injury, drugs, prolactinoma, intraductal pappiloma, ductal ectasia, intraductal cancer (not more than 10%.
MUDANÇAS PALEO-HIDROLÓGICAS NA PLANÍCIE DO RIO PARAGUAI, QUATERNÁRIO DO PANTANAL
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Hudson de Azevedo Macedo
2014-04-01
Full Text Available O Paraguai é o rio-tronco do trato de sistemas deposicionais do Pantanal. Com base em dados de sensores remotos e verificação de campo, foi realizado mapeamento geomorfológico da planície do rio Paraguai no trecho entre as confluências dos rios Cuiabá e Miranda, onde foram reconhecidas formas deposicionais atuais e antigas. A análise das associações de formas permitiu estabelecer proposta de evolução geomorfológica para a área, mas os eventos carecem ainda de datação precisa por métodos geocronológicos. Uma rede de drenagem abandonada multicanais está parcialmente preservada na planície, sendo composta por formas de canais com diques marginais que evidenciam período de menor descarga fluvial, provavelmente do Pleistoceno tardio ao Holoceno inferior. Um sistema constituído por paleocinturões de meandros trunca a paleorrede de drenagem multicanais, registrando aumento na umidade e na descarga fluvial. Sob essas condições o rio Paraguai construiu um sistema composto por cinturões de meandros com direção aproximada norte-sul no Holoceno inferior/médio. Agradação dos cinturões favoreceu importante evento de avulsão, com a mudança do curso do rio Paraguai para o cinturão de meandros atual no Holoceno superior. As gerações de formas identificadas e mapeadas resultaram num padrão de sobreposição de diferentes estilos fluviais, que registram significativas mudanças hidrológicas na planície desde o Pleistoceno tardio.
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tay, W. H.; Kausik, S. S.; Yap, S. L.; Wong, C. S., E-mail: cswong@um.edu.my [Plasma Technology Research Centre, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
2014-04-15
The discharge dynamics in an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is studied in a DBD reactor consisting of a pair of stainless steel parallel plate electrodes. The DBD discharge has been generated by a 50 Hz ac high voltage power source. The high-speed intensified charge coupled device camera is used to capture the images of filaments occurring in the discharge gap. It is observed that frequent synchronous breakdown of micro discharges occurs across the discharge gap in the case of negative current pulse. The experimental results reveal that secondary emissions from the dielectric surface play a key role in the synchronous breakdown of plasma filaments.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
LeDonne Norman C
2011-02-01
Full Text Available Abstract Background Standard approaches to address the performance of predictive models that used common statistical measurements for the entire data set provide an overview of the average performance of the models across the entire predictive space, but give little insight into applicability of the model across the prediction space. Guha and Van Drie recently proposed the use of structure-activity landscape index (SALI curves via the SALI curve integral (SCI as a means to map the predictive power of computational models within the predictive space. This approach evaluates model performance by assessing the accuracy of pairwise predictions, comparing compound pairs in a manner similar to that done by medicinal chemists. Results The SALI approach was used to evaluate the performance of continuous prediction models for MDR1-MDCK in vitro efflux potential. Efflux models were built with ADMET Predictor neural net, support vector machine, kernel partial least squares, and multiple linear regression engines, as well as SIMCA-P+ partial least squares, and random forest from Pipeline Pilot as implemented by AstraZeneca, using molecular descriptors from SimulationsPlus and AstraZeneca. Conclusion The results indicate that the choice of training sets used to build the prediction models is of great importance in the resulting model quality and that the SCI values calculated for these models were very similar to their Kendall τ values, leading to our suggestion of an approach to use this SALI/SCI paradigm to evaluate predictive model performance that will allow more informed decisions regarding model utility. The use of SALI graphs and curves provides an additional level of quality assessment for predictive models.
Brown, Kathryn D; Kulis, Jerzy; Thomson, Bruce; Chapman, Timothy H; Mawhinney, Douglas B
2006-08-01
This study had three objectives: 1) determine occurrence of antibiotics in effluent from hospitals, residential facilities, and dairies, and in municipal wastewater 2) determine antibiotic removal at a large wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Albuquerque, NM, and 3) determine concentrations of antibiotics in the Rio Grande, which receives wastewater from the Albuquerque WWTP. Twenty-three samples of wastewater and 3 samples of Rio Grande water were analyzed for the presence of 11 antibiotics. Fifty-eight percent of samples had at least one antibiotic present while 25% had three or more. Hospital effluent had detections of sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, lincomycin, and penicillin G, with 4 of 5 hospital samples having at least one antibiotic detected and 3 having four or more. At the residential sampling sites, ofloxacin was found in effluent from assisted living and retirement facilities, while the student dormitory had no detects. Only lincomycin was detected in dairy effluent (in 2 of 8 samples, at 700 and 6600 ng/L). Municipal wastewater had detections of sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin, with 4 of 6 samples having at least one antibiotic present and 3 having 3 or more. The relatively high concentrations (up to 35,500 ng/L) of ofloxacin found in hospital and residential effluent may be of concern due to potential genotoxic effects and development of antibiotic resistance. At the Albuquerque WWTP, both raw wastewater and treated effluent had detections of sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and ofloxacin, at concentrations ranging from 110 to 470 ng/L. However, concentrations in treated effluent were reduced by 20% to 77%. No antibiotics were detected in the Rio Grande upstream of the Albuquerque WWTP discharge, and only one antibiotic, sulfamethoxazole, was detected in the Rio Grande (300 ng/L) below the WWTP.
Modelling electric discharge chemistry
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
McFarlane, J.; Wren, J.C.
1991-07-01
The chemistry occurring in a electric discharge was modelled to predict how it would be influenced by discharge conditions. The discharge was characterized by a calculated Boltzmann electron-energy distribution, from which rate constants for electron-molecule processes in air were determined. These rate constants were used in a chemical kinetics calculation that also included reactions between neutral molecules, ions, free radicals and electronically excited species. The model describes how the discharge chemistry was influenced by humidity, electric field, electron number density, and concentrations of key reagents identified in the study. The use of an electric discharge to destroy airborne contaminant molecules was appraised, the targeted contaminants being CF 2 Cl 2 , HCN, and SO 2 . The modelling results indicate that an electric discharge should be able to remove HCN and CF 2 Cl 2 effectively, especially if the discharge conditions have been optimized. Effective destruction is achieved with a moderate electric field (over 1 x 10 -15 V.cm 2 ), a substantial electron number density (over 1 x 10 12 cm -3 ), and the presence of H 2 0 in the process air. The residence time in the discharge was also shown to be important in contaminant destruction. An attempt was made to explain the results of the electric discharge abatement of SO 2 , a component of a simulated flue-gas mixture. Results from the model indicate that the discharge parameters that increase the concentration of hydroxyl radical also increase the rate of decomposition of SO 2 . An objective of the study was to explain the apparent enhancement of SO 2 destruction by the presence of a small amount of NO 2 . It was thought that a likely explanation would be the stabilization of HOSO 2 , an important intermediate in the oxidation of SO 2 by NO 2 . (49 figs., 14 tabs., 75 refs.)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Song, Hyun-Jig; Chun, Byung-Joon; Lee, Kwang-Sik
2004-01-01
In order to improve ozone generation, we experimentally investigated the silent discharge plasma and ozone generation characteristics of a multi-discharge type ozonizer. Ozone in a multi-discharge type ozonizer is generated by superposition of a silent discharge plasma, which is simultaneously generated in separated discharge spaces. A multi-discharge type ozonizer is composed of three different kinds of superposed silent discharge type ozonizers, depending on the method of applying power to each electrode. We observed that the discharge period of the current pulse for a multi discharge type ozonizer can be longer than that of silent discharge type ozonizer with two electrodes and one gap. Hence, ozone generation is improved up to 17185 ppm and 783 g/kwh in the case of the superposed silent discharge type ozonizer for which an AC high voltages with a 180 .deg. phase difference were applied to the internal electrode and the external electrode, respectively, with the central electrode being grounded.
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Fernando Ferreira de Morais
Full Text Available Esta pesquisa situa-se no campo da etnoecologia e aborda o conhecimento ecológico tradicional (CET sobre plantas cultivadas na comunidade de Estirão Comprido, rio Cuiabá, Barão de Melgaço, Pantanal matogrossense. Foram entrevistados 22 pescadores para a elaboração da lista livre de plantas. Para a análise da lista, foram utilizados: índice de saliência de Smith, análise de consenso cultural, similaridade e dissimilaridade com escalonamento multidimensional e técnica de empilhamento. O programa ANTHROPAC 4.0 foi utilizado para o tratamento estatístico dos dados. Por meio do índice de saliência de Smith, foram identificadas seis rupturas no domínio cultural sobre plantas cultivadas, concentrando-se em 116 etnoespécies. Laranja e milho foram citados com maior frequência e em primeiro lugar na lista, portanto, encontram-se na primeira ruptura da lista livre com índices de Smith 0,728 e 0,711, respectivamente. A análise de consenso cultural mostrou que o CET sobre plantas cultivadas caracteriza um consenso, concentrando-se em 18 etnoespécies. A análise de empilhamento evidenciou que o conhecimento sobre plantas está relacionado aos diferentes tipos de uso. Neste contexto, as possibilidades de uso e manejo aqui evidenciadas podem contribuir para a elaboração de políticas públicas destinadas à conservação da biodiversidade ecológica e cultural.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO GEOMORFOLÓGICA DA BACIA DO RIO TURVO-RJ: MÉDIO VALE DO RIO PARAÍBA DO SUL (MVPRS
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Rafael Albuquerque Xavier
2014-04-01
Full Text Available O mapeamento geomorfológico da bacia do rio Turvo confirmou as evidências apontadas em estudos anteriores, de que a bacia apresentava feições diferentes das observadas em bacias vizinhas. Foram observadas 222 depressões fechadas em divisores de drenagem, indicando forte atuação de mecanismos geoquímicos. Por outro lado, o reduzido número de voçorocas (33 e a presença de pacotes sedimentares poucos espessos (média de 7 metros, apontam a baixa efetividade dos processos mecânicos na bacia, sobretudo ao compararmos com a sub-bacia do rio Piracema, tributária do rio Bananal, com 117 voçorocas, terraços de até 23 metros de espessura e apenas 1 depressão fechada. Internamente, a bacia do rio Turvo apresentou variações, onde, de modo geral, a sub-bacia do rio das Pedras concentrou 21 das 33 voçorocas ativas, os mais espessos pacotes fluviais e apenas 16 depressões fechadas. Assim, conclui-se que a bacia do rio Turvo é fortemente influenciada pelos processos de denudação química, e a sub-bacia do rio das Pedras apresenta as maiores características da atuação do trabalho mecânico de toda a bacia.
Record of Pleopis schmackeri (Poppe Branchiopoda in Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Wanda Maria Monteiro-Ribas
2012-10-01
Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2013v26n1p201 The paper describes the first occurrence of Pleopis schmackeri (Poppe, 1889 (Branchiopoda, Onychopoda in Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil is described. This marine cladoceran species occurred in zooplanktonic samples obtained on July, 2003 with mean density of 10 ind.m-3. Its presence may be related to two hypotheses, due to ballast water and through the Brazilian current, which gets closer to the coast Winter.
DEGRADAÇÃO AMBIENTAL DO RIO PAVUNA-MERITI
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Marcos Antonio Braga de Barros
2016-10-01
Full Text Available O Rio Pavuna-Meriti banha em seus últimos 7,4km o município de Duque de Caxias, que segundo dados de 2014 do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatísticas (IBGE é a 15ª maior economia do Brasil. Duque de Caxias sofre constantemente com inundações por conta do assoreamento dos rios, além da falta d’água potável que causam grande prejuízo econômico, sociais e à saúde da população. Os problemas de assoreamento existentes neste rio são comuns em outros rios do Brasil, entre suas principais causas estão o lançamento de esgotos sem tratamento, ausência de coleta de lixo, sem falar dos aspectos indiretos como desmatamento de suas margens, ocupação da calha secundária do rio.
Memory effect triggered by exceptional event: the Rio Cordon study case
Rainato, Riccardo; Mao, Luca; Picco, Lorenzo; Garcia-Rama, Adriana; Aristide Lenzi, Mario
2016-04-01
In the mountain environment, the steep channels play a key-role in the drainage networks. Notably, the sediment transport processes that here occur, can affect aspects as the geomorphic changes, channel evolution, reservoir management, infrastructure design and hazard assessment. Due to the complex and changeable hydraulic and morphological features that characterize the mountain environment, the steep channels can exhibit fluvial and/or debris-flow transport with magnitude of sediment delivery that, in the same basin, may strongly vary from event to event. In the light of these challenging conditions, appears clear as an accurate monitoring and investigation of sediment dynamics is of critical importance in the steep mountain channels. Such monitoring has even more significance if it is maintained over long-period, enabling to investigate even the role of high magnitude/low frequency events. Using a dataset 29 years-wide, this work aims to investigate the temporal trend of sediment dynamic in the Rio Cordon (Eastern Italian Alps). The Rio Cordon is a steep mountain channel (mean slope = 13%) characterized by step-pool and riffle-pool morphology. The basin (5 km2)exhibits a prevalent nivo-pluvial runoff regime. Since 1986, the catchment is equipped with a monitoring station, that continuously records water discharge, bedload and suspended load (at 1 hr intervals, and 5 min intervals during floods). In September 1994 an exceptional event (RI > 100 years) occurred in the study site, mobilizing about 4000 tons of material. Currently, the structure is managed by ARPA Veneto - Regional Department for Land Safety. In terms of magnitude, the 31 floods recorded by the monitoring station show a wide range of hydraulic forcing (i.e. peak discharge and effective runoff) and amount transported. Specifically, Qpeak ranges within one order of magnitude (1.02 - 10.42 m3 s-1), while the amount of bedload and suspended load varies by more than 3 orders (i.e. 0.9 t transported by
Estudo da geometria hidráulica do Rio dos Bugres, no município de Rio Negrinho - SC
Grison, Fernando
2013-01-01
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Florianópolis, 2013. O presente trabalho aplicou a teoria da geometria hidráulica no rio dos Bugres, em várias seções e trechos desse rio. Foi feita uma comparação entre resultados da geometria hidráulica obtidos pelo método clássico proposto por Leopold com derivações analíticas propostas por Dingman. Foram definidos 11 pontos de estudo ao longo do rio dos Bugr...
Walz, Stacy E; Smith, Maureen; Cox, Elizabeth; Sattin, Justin; Kind, Amy J H
2011-04-01
Previous studies have noted a high (41%) prevalence and poor discharge summary communication of pending laboratory (lab) tests at the time of hospital discharge for general medical patients. However, the prevalence and communication of pending labs within a high-risk population, specifically those patients discharged to sub-acute care (i.e., skilled nursing, rehabilitation, long-term care), remains unknown. To determine the prevalence and nature of lab tests pending at hospital discharge and their inclusion within hospital discharge summaries, for common sub-acute care populations. Retrospective cohort study. Stroke, hip fracture, and cancer patients discharged from a single large academic medical center to sub-acute care, 2003-2005 (N = 564) Pending lab tests were abstracted from the laboratory information system (LIS) and from each patient's discharge summary, then grouped into 14 categories and compared. Microbiology tests were sub-divided by culture type and number of days pending prior to discharge. Of sub-acute care patients, 32% (181/564) were discharged with pending lab tests per the LIS; however, only 11% (20/181) of discharge summaries documented these. Patients most often left the hospital with pending microbiology tests (83% [150/181]), particularly blood and urine cultures, and reference lab tests (17% [30/181]). However, 82% (61/74) of patients' pending urine cultures did not have 24-hour preliminary results, and 19% (13/70) of patients' pending blood cultures did not have 48-hour preliminary results available at the time of hospital discharge. Approximately one-third of the sub-acute care patients in this study had labs pending at discharge, but few were documented within hospital discharge summaries. Even after considering the availability of preliminary microbiology results, these omissions remain common. Future studies should focus on improving the communication of pending lab tests at discharge and evaluating the impact that this improved
Hu, Jian; Jiang, Nan; Li, Jie; Shang, Kefeng; Lu, Na; Wu, Yan; Mizuno, Akira
2016-03-01
The discharge characteristics of the series surface/packed-bed discharge (SSPBD) reactor driven by bipolar pulse power were systemically investigated in this study. In order to evaluate the advantages of the SSPBD reactor, it was compared with traditional surface discharge (SD) reactor and packed-bed discharge (PBD) reactor in terms of the discharge voltage, discharge current, and ozone formation. The SSPBD reactor exhibited a faster rising time and lower tail voltage than the SD and PBD reactors. The distribution of the active species generated in different discharge regions of the SSPBD reactor was analyzed by optical emission spectra and ozone analysis. It was found that the packed-bed discharge region (3.5 mg/L), rather than the surface discharge region (1.3 mg/L) in the SSPBD reactor played a more important role in ozone generation. The optical emission spectroscopy analysis indicated that more intense peaks of the active species (e.g. N2 and OI) in the optical emission spectra were observed in the packed-bed region. supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51177007), the Joint Funds of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1462105), and Dalian University of Technology Fundamental Research Fund of China (No. DUT15RC(3)030)
Fan, Zhihui; Yan, Huijie; Liu, Yidi; Guo, Hongfei; Wang, Yuying; Ren, Chunsheng
2018-05-01
Atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) with airflow participation has been widely used in recent years. In this paper, effects of airflow on DBD characteristics are experimentally investigated by single/double pin-to-plate DBD arrangements with an AC exciting source. The discharge electrical characteristics and the movements of discharge channels in airflow are investigated with a single pin electrode arrangement. The current intensities increase in positive cycles and decrease in negative cycles with the increase in airflow velocity. The transition from a filamentary discharge to a diffuse discharge is observed under certain airflow conditions, and the discharge channels move with the airflow with a movement velocity less than the corresponding airflow velocity. In the cases of double pin electrode arrangements, the repulsion between double pin discharge channels is apparent at a 10 mm distance but is not obvious at a 20 mm distance. When the airflow is introduced into the discharge gap, not as in the case of single pin electrode arrangement, the movements of discharge channels in airflow are affected by adjacent discharge channels. The corresponding reasons are analyzed in the paper.
Diffusion of condenser water discharge
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Iwakiri, Toshio
1977-01-01
Thermal and nuclear power stations in Japan are mostly located in coastal area, and the cooling water is discharged into sea as warm water. Recently, large interest is taken in this matter, and it is desirable to predict the diffusion of warm discharge accurately and to take effective measures for lowering the temperature. As for the methods of predicting the diffusion of warm discharge, simplified estimation, mathematical analysis and hydrographical model experiment are used corresponding to objects and conditions. As for the measures to lower temperature, the method of discharging warm water into deep sea bottom was confirmed to be very effective. In this paper, the phenomena of diffusion of warm discharge in sea, the methods of predicting the diffusion of warm discharge, and the deep sea discharge as the measure for lowering temperature are outlined. The factors concerning the diffusion of warm discharge in sea are the conditions of discharge, topography and sea state, and the diffusion is roughly divided into mixing diffusion in the vicinity of warm water outlet and eddy diffusion in distant region. It is difficult to change artificially the conditions of diffusion in distant region, and the measures of raising the rate of dilution in near region are effective, therefore the deep sea discharge is adopted. (Kako, I.)
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Aline Alves Veleda
2011-03-01
Full Text Available Estudo analítico com o objetivo de avaliar os fatores associados ao atraso no desenvolvimento em crianças entre 8 a 12 meses de idade indicadas como de risco ao nascer no município do Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram utilizados como instrumentos o Teste de Triagem de Desenvolvimento de Denver II (TTDD II, a avaliação antropométrica e questionários estruturados. Participaram 220 crianças consideradas de risco ou não ao nascer. Foi encontrada uma prevalência de 20,5% de suspeita de atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. As crianças que apresentaram risco de um TTDD II suspeito faziam parte de famílias de mais baixa renda; eram filhos de mães que haviam realizado menos de seis consultas de pré-natal e apresentavam índice peso-idade inadequado. Os dados sugerem a necessidade de um replanejamento das políticas de saúde infantil, visto que outros critérios poderiam ser incluídos nas condições de risco para a criança ao nascer.Estudio analítico con el objetivo de evaluar los factores asociados al atraso en el desarrollo en niños de 8 a 12 meses de edad indicados como riesgo al nacer en el municipio de Rio Grande, RS, Brasil. Fueron utilizadas como herramientas la Prueba de Tamizaje del Desarrollo de Denver II, la evaluación antropométrica y cuestionarios estructurados. Participaron 220 niños considerados de riesgo o no al nacer. Fue encontrada una prevalencia del 20,5% de sospecha de atraso en el desarrollo neuropsicomotor. Los niños que presentaron riesgo de un DDST II sospechoso formaban parte de familias de más baja renta; eran hijos de madres que habían realizado menos de seis consultas de prenatal y presentaban índice peso-edad inadecuado. Los datos sugieren la necesidad de un replanteamiento de las políticas de salud infantil, así como otros criterios podrían ser inclusos en las condiciones de riesgo para el niño al nacer.This analytical study aims to evaluate the factors associated to
Vessel sewage discharges are regulated under Section 312 of the Clean Water Act, which is jointly implemented by the EPA and Coast Guard. This homepage links to information on marine sanitation devices and no discharge zones.
Capacitor discharge engineering
Früngel, Frank B A
1976-01-01
High Speed Pulse Technology, Volume III: Capacitor Discharge Engineering covers the production and practical application of capacitor dischargers for the generation and utilization of high speed pulsed of energy in different forms. This nine-chapter volume discusses the principles of electric current, voltage, X-rays, gamma rays, heat, beams of electrons, neutrons and ions, magnetic fields, sound, and shock waves in gases and liquids. Considerable chapters consider the applications of capacitor discharges, such as impulse hardening of steel, ultrapulse welding of precision parts, X-ray flash t
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Violeta Martins Ferreira
2007-04-01
Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o contexto familiar de usuários e não-usuários de maconha. Adotamos a teoria das representações sociais de Moscovici (1961/1976, 1988, além de algumas reflexões de Becker (1971 e Foucault (1977, 1994, 1997. Participaram da pesquisa sessenta universitários do Rio de Janeiro, de ambos os sexos, entre 17 e 30 anos. Utilizamos um questionário com perguntas abertas, no qual eles apresentaram seus familiares. O material obtido foi analisado em termos temáticos e estatísticos. Entre os usuários de maconha, prevaleceu a autoridade e a ênfase nos papéis sociais, sendo a interação familiar marcada pelo acento emocional e pela idealização. Entre os não-usuários a autoridade coexistiu com relações interpessoais de companheirismo e partilha, num contexto familiar em que predominaram não aspectos afetivos mas práticas de proteção e cuidados. Podemos afirmar que o papel da família na prevenção ao uso de drogas está associado à promoção da autonomia, diferenciação e garantia de um espaço próprio para o jovem.The objective of this paper was to study the family context among marijuana users and non-users. Moscovici's theory of social representations, as well as some considerations from Becker and Foucault, was used as theoretical basis for data analysis. The empirical research included sixty university students from Rio de Janeiro, 17-30 years old, of both sexes. Using a questionnaire with open questions, we requested participants to freely describe their family members. The answers were treated according to content analysis principles, followed by chi-square tests. The results presented significant differences between both groups. Among marijuana users, authority and emphasis of social roles predominated, family interactions being characterized by emotional emphasis and idealization. Among non-users, authority coexisted with interpersonal relations characterized by fellowship and sharing
Discharge Planning in Chronic Conditions
McMartin, K
2013-01-01
Background Chronically ill people experience frequent changes in health status accompanied by multiple transitions between care settings and care providers. Discharge planning provides support services, follow-up activities, and other interventions that span pre-hospital discharge to post-hospital settings. Objective To determine if discharge planning is effective at reducing health resource utilization and improving patient outcomes compared with standard care alone. Data Sources A standard systematic literature search was conducted for studies published from January 1, 2004, until December 13, 2011. Review Methods Reports, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses with 1 month or more of follow-up and limited to specified chronic conditions were examined. Outcomes included mortality/survival, readmissions and emergency department (ED) visits, hospital length of stay (LOS), health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and patient satisfaction. Results One meta-analysis compared individualized discharge planning to usual care and found a significant reduction in readmissions favouring individualized discharge planning. A second meta-analysis compared comprehensive discharge planning with postdischarge support to usual care. There was a significant reduction in readmissions favouring discharge planning with postdischarge support. However, there was significant statistical heterogeneity. For both meta-analyses there was a nonsignificant reduction in mortality between the study arms. Limitations There was difficulty in distinguishing the relative contribution of each element within the terms “discharge planning” and “postdischarge support.” For most studies, “usual care” was not explicitly described. Conclusions Compared with usual care, there was moderate quality evidence that individualized discharge planning is more effective at reducing readmissions or hospital LOS but not mortality, and very low quality evidence that it is more
Hydrogen discharges operating at atmospheric pressure in a semiconductor gas discharge system
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Aktas, K; Acar, S; Salamov, B G [Physics Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gazi University, 06500 Ankara (Turkey)
2011-08-15
Analyses of physical processes which initiate electrical breakdown and spatial stabilization of current and control it with a photosensitive cathode in a semiconductor gas discharge system (SGDS) are carried out in a wide pressure range up to atmospheric pressure p, interelectrode distance d and diameter D of the electrode areas of the semiconductor cathode. The study compares the breakdown and stability curves of the gas discharge in the planar SGDS where the discharge gap is filled with hydrogen and air in two cases. The impact of the ionizing component of the discharge plasma on the control of the stable operation of the planar SGDS is also investigated at atmospheric pressure. The loss of stability is primarily due to modification of the semiconductor-cathode properties on the interaction with low-energy hydrogen ions and the formation of a space charge of positive ions in the discharge gap which changes the discharge from Townsend to glow type. The experimental results show that the discharge current in H{sub 2} is more stable than in air. The breakdown voltages are measured for H{sub 2} and air with parallel-plane electrodes, for pressures between 28 and 760 Torr. The effective secondary electron emission (SEE) coefficient is then determined from the breakdown voltage results and compared with the experimental results. The influence of the SEE coefficient is stated in terms of the differences between the experimental breakdown law.
Discharges from nuclear power stations
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1991-02-01
HM Inspectorate of Pollution commissioned, with authorising responsibilities in England and Wales, a study into the discharges of radioactive effluents from Nuclear Power Stations. The study considered arisings from nuclear power stations in Europe and the USA and the technologies to treat and control the radioactive discharges. This report contains details of the technologies used at many nuclear power stations to treat and control radioactive discharges and gives, where information was available, details of discharges and authorised discharge limits. (author)
Early discharge following birth
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Nilsson, Ingrid M. S.; Kronborg, Hanne; Knight, Christopher H.
2017-01-01
.26–0.48) and primiparous compared to multiparous had an OR of 0.22 (CI 0.17–0.29) for early discharge. Other predictors for early discharge were: no induction of labour, no epidural painkiller, bleeding less than 500 ml during delivery, higher gestational age, early expected discharge and positive breastfeeding experience...
Modified PADSS (Post Anaesthetic Discharge Scoring System) for monitoring outpatients discharge.
Palumbo, Piergaspare; Tellan, Guglielmo; Perotti, Bruno; Pacilè, Maria Antonietta; Vietri, Francesco; Illuminati, Giulio
2013-01-01
The decision to discharge a patient undergoing day surgery is a major step in the hospitalization pathway, because it must be achieved without compromising the quality of care, thus ensuring the same assistance and wellbeing as for a long-term stay. Therefore, the use of an objective assessment for the management of a fair and safe discharge is essential. The authors propose the Post Anaesthetic Discharge Scoring System (PADSS), which considers six criteria: vital signs, ambulation, nausea/vomiting, pain, bleeding and voiding. Each criterion is given a score ranging from 0 to 2. Only patients who achieve a score of 9 or more are considered ready for discharge. Furthermore, PADSS has been modified to ensure a higher level of safety, thus the "vital signs" criteria must never score lower than 2, and none of the other five criteria must ever be equal to 0, even if the total score reaches 9. The effectiveness of PADSS was analyzed on 2432 patients, by recording the incidence of postoperative complications and the readmission to hospital. So far PADDS has proved to be an efficient system that guarantees safe discharge.
ICLEI submission for Rio+20. Contribution to the Zero Draft of the Rio+20 outcome document
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2011-10-31
ICLEI is an association of over 1200 local government Members who are committed to sustainable development. This document is ICLEI's submission to the zero draft document being developed for RIO+20, the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, scheduled for June 2012 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In the paper, ICLEI calls for a UN Decade of Sustainable Urbanization to raise awareness, create synergies and to share solutions and good practices.
Application of an antenna excited high pressure microwave discharge to compact discharge lamps
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kando, M; Fukaya, T; Ohishi, Y; Mizojiri, T; Morimoto, Y; Shido, M; Serita, T
2008-01-01
A novel type of high pressure microwave discharge has been investigated to feed the microwave power at the centre of the compact high pressure discharge lamps using the antenna effect. This method of microwave discharge is named as the antenna excited microwave discharge (AEMD). The 2.45 GHz microwave of around 50 W from the solid state microwave generator can sustain a stable plasma column in the small gap between a couple of antennas fitted on the compact lamp filled with discharge gases at a pressure higher than atmosphere. The AEMD has been applied to a compact metal halide lamp and an extremely high pressure mercury discharge lamp. As a result, the metal halide lamp showed high luminous efficacy of around 130 lm W -1 . The excellent lamp properties obtained here can be explained by the low heating loss at the antennas and the lamp wall. The profiles of the microwave electric field in the lamp and the microwave launcher have been numerically calculated to consider the microwave power supply into the lamp
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Sílvio Marcus de Souza Correa
2010-03-01
Full Text Available Nos primórdios dos balneários no Rio Grande do Sul, encontravam-se alguns imigrantes alemães, não apenas entre os banhistas, mas também entre os empresários do incipiente ramo do curismo-turismo. Era um grupo pequeno de imigrantes de origem urbana que, em geral, já conhecia as vantagens curativas ou revigorantes dos banhos em balneários europeus. Entre eles destacavam-se os médicos, importantes emissores de um discurso científico em prol dos balneários. As práticas terapêuticas de banhos de mar chegaram ao Brasil meridional pela imigração européia da segunda metade do século XIX, embora sua difusão só tenha ocorrido na primeira metade do século seguinte, quando se desenvolveram as primeiras praias balneárias no Rio Grande do Sul.In the early days of bathing resorts some German immigrants were found not only among the bathers, but also among the entrepreneurs of the incipient branch of 'curism-tourism'. It was a small group of immigrants of urban origin who, in general, already knew the curative or reinvigorating advantages of the baths in European bathing resorts. Among them, doctors were prominent, important emissaries of a scientific discourse in favor of bathing resorts. The therapeutic practices of bathing in the sea arrived to meridional Brazil with the European immigration of the second half of the nineteenth century, although its diffusion only took place in the first half of the following century, when the first bathing beaches in Rio Grande do Sul were developed.
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Kátia Hallak Lombardi
2008-01-01
Full Text Available This article pursues the idea of an Imaginary Documentary – a possible new inflexion on the practices of contemporary documental photography. The text establishes its theoretical foundations through a forthcoming approach of the discussions about documental photography to the concept of imaginary, by Gilbert Durand, and the notion of Imaginary Museum, by André Malraux. Photographers that are part of documental photography history are the elected objects in which we shall confront the potentialities of the Imaginary Documentary. Este artigo tem como propósito buscar a estruturação da idéia de Documentário Imaginário – uma possível inflexão na prática da fotografia documental contemporânea. O texto assenta suas bases teóricas por meio da aproximação de reflexões sobre a fotografia documental ao conceito de imaginário em Gilbert Durand e à noção de Museu Imaginário de André Malraux. Fotógrafos que fazem parte da história da fotografia documental são os objetos eleitos para aferir as potencialidades do Documentário Imaginário.
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Tânia M. V. da Fonseca
2008-03-01
Full Text Available Por intermédio de delineamento transversal, buscou-se determinar a prevalência e identificar fatores associados à ocorrência de corrimento vaginal referido entre gestantes da cidade de Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Utilizando-se de questionário padrão, foram investigadas características sócio-econômicas, demográficas, reprodutivas, condições de moradia, assistência recebida e ocorrência de corrimento vaginal referido entre estas gestantes. Para as comparações entre proporções utilizou-se teste do qui-quadrado e para análise multivariada regressão de Poisson. Dentre as 339 gestantes estudadas, 51,6% referiram corrimento vaginal na gestação. As seguintes variáveis mostraram-se significativamente associadas à ocorrência de corrimento vaginal referido: idade (razão de prevalências: RP= 1,49, estado civil (RP = 1,31, ocorrência de infecção urinária (RP = 1,56, hiperglicemia na gestação atual (RP = 1,48, uso de dispositivo intra-uterino (RP = 2,35, ocorrência prévia de parto prematuro (RP = 1,37 e utilização de anticoncepcional oral como fator de proteção (RP = 0,79. Este estudo mostrou prevalência elevada de corrimento vaginal referido entre as gestantes estudadas e permitiu identificar aquelas com maior risco de adoecer por esta causa, o que pode contribuir para a adoção de medidas preventivas.The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with self-reported vaginal discharge among pregnant women in the city of Rio Grande, South Brazil. Using a cross-sectional design, a standard interview was applied to pregnant women at home by previously trained interviewers, covering the following: demographic, reproductive, and socioeconomic data, household conditions, health care, and illnesses during pregnancy, including vaginal discharge. The chi-square test was used to compare proportions, and Poisson regression was used in the multivariate analysis. Among the 339
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Alberto T. Londero
1986-03-01
Full Text Available São relatados quatro casos de micetoma causados por Nocardia brasiliensis, ocorridos no Rio Grande do Sul. É revista a literatura rio-grandense-do-sul.Four cases of mycetoma caused by N. brasiliensis, occurring in Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil, are reported.
Materialidade e memória do Rio de Janeiro nas fotografias de Augusto Malta e do projeto Rio 365
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Débora Gauziski
2013-12-01
Full Text Available Neste artigo investigamos a relação da fotografia com a produção e difusão de imagens da cidade do Rio de Janeiro em dois momentos distintos: durante a modernização de Pereira Passos (início do século XX e no Rio dos megaeventos (século XXI. Em ambos os períodos históricos, a cidade sofreu profundas transformações urbanísticas e a fotografia atua como importante agente nesse processo. Para analisar o papel que a fotografia tem nesse contexto, trabalhamos com as imagens clicadas pelo fotógrafo Augusto Malta e com aquelas produzidas por usuários do Instagram no contexto do projeto Rio 365. Ao longo do artigo, nossa base teórica concentra-se em autores que trabalham ou tangenciam as questões da memória e da materialidade.
Current Trends in Discharge Disposition and Post-discharge Care After Total Joint Arthroplasty.
Tarity, T David; Swall, Marion M
2017-09-01
The purpose of this manuscript is to review published literature over the last 5 years to assess recent trends and influencing factors regarding discharge disposition and post-discharge care following total joint arthroplasty. We evaluated instruments proposed to predict a patient's discharge disposition and summarize reports investigating the safety in sending more patients home by reviewing complications and readmission rates. Current literature supports decreased length of hospital stay and increased discharge to home with cost savings and stable readmission rates. Surgeons with defined clinical pathways and those who shape patient expectations may more effectively control costs than those without defined pathways. Further research is needed analyzing best practices in care coordination, managing patient expectations, and cost-effective analysis of home discharge while at the same time ensuring patient outcomes are optimized following total joint arthroplasty.
A violência do Rio às portas da emergência Violence in Rio as seen from the emergency ward
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Paulo Pinheiro
1994-01-01
Full Text Available Este trabalho trata de revelar o aumento dos danos físicos e lesões corporais que chegam a um hospital de emergência da Rede Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro. Como Diretor deste serviço, ao mesmo tempo que constato a mudança progressiva no perfil de atendimento do hospital, comparo-o com o crescimento da onda de criminalidade que envolveu a vida social do Rio de Janeiro.This study is intended to demonstrate the increase in bodily injuries that are currently being observed in a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro. As director of an emergency ward, I have observed a steady change in the type of hospital care provided, a phenonmenon which I ascribe to the increase in criminality engulfing the community of Rio de Janeiro.
Malacología Latinoamericana: Moluscos de agua dulce de Argentina
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Alejandra Rumi
2008-03-01
Full Text Available Se presenta un estado de situación y una lista actualizada y comentada sobre las especies de moluscos de agua dulce de la República Argentina. Se aborda en Gastropoda y Bivalvia la distribución a nivel de familias; las entidades endémicas, exóticas, invasoras y de importancia sanitaria. Los moluscos relacionados a la cuenca del Plata presentan la mayor riqueza específica. Base de datos: 4 500 registros relevados de las tres colecciones más importantes de la Argentina: MLP, MACN y FML. Además, se incluye información de recolecciones actuales y localidades citadas por otros autores. Hasta el presente han sido descritas 166 especies. De ellas 101 pertenecen a 10 familias de Gastropoda y 65 a 7 de Bivalvia. Las familias que presentan mayor riqueza específica son Lithoglyphidae (22 y Sphaeriidae (25, respectivamente. Sphaeriidae, Cochliopidae, Chilinidae y Lymnaeidae se distribuyen prácticamente en todo el país. Erodonidae y Solecurtidae se registran en ambientes mixohalinos de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Thiaridae y Glacidorbiidae presentan una distribución muy restringida. Especies endémicas de la Argentina: Gastropoda: Ampullariidae (1, Cochliopidae (10, Lithoglyphidae (11, Thiariidae (3, Chilinidae (11, Lymnaeidae (2 y Physidae (2?; Bivalvia: Hyriidae (1?; Etheriidae (1? y Sphaeriidae (10. Especies de interés sanitario: propagadoras de: Esquistosomiasis, Biomphalaria peregrina, B. straminea y B. tenagophila (Planorbidae; Fasciolasis, Lymnaea viatrix y L. columnella (Lymnaeidae; y dermatitis esquistosómicas, Chilina gibbosa y C. fluminea (Chilinidae. Especies de origen asiático: Corbicula fluminea (Corbiculidae y Limnoperna fortunei (Mytilidae. Es prioritaria la formación de áreas protegidas para la conservación de especies endémicas, especialmente de la Mesopotamia Argentina.Latin American Malacology. Freshwater Mollusks from Argentina. A report and an updated list with comments on the species of freshwater molluscs of
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Bernard Sesboüé
2012-01-01
Full Text Available Este artigo propõe uma breve reflexão sobre a relação histórica e atual entre o exercício do magistério e o necessário respeito da consciência dos crentes. Uma primeira parte retoma a evolução da consciência a partir dos tempos modernos e de suas consequências : uma nova figura da fé e da vida no seio da comunidade cristã. Uma segunda parte recapitula as diferentes formas de exercício do magistério eclesial no curso da história e as dificuldades postas por seu encontro com a modernidade. O autor apresenta então um sonho, propondo uma nova maneira de proceder: não mais a simples vigilância, mas a animação de um grande debate planetário sobre todas as dificuldades postas ao ato de crer, a fim de revivificar o sensus fidei do povo cristão. A terceira parte retoma o problema da verdade na qual magistério e consciência moderna devem encontrar um consenso autêntico. ABSTRACT: This article proposes a brief reflection on the historical and current relationship between the exercise of the Magisterium and the need to respect the conscience of believers. A first part follows the evolution of conscience from modern times and its consequences: a new figure of faith and of life within the Christian community. A second part recapitulates the different forms of exercise of the ecclesial Magisterium in the course of history and the difficulties posed by its encounter with modernity. The author proposes a dream by proposing a new way to proceed: no longer simply surveillance, but the animation of a large planetary debate about all difficulties made the act of believing, in order to give new life to the sensus fidei of Christian people. The third part takes up the problem of truth in which teaching and modern conscience must find a genuine consensus.
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Sérgio Schwarz da Rocha
2010-06-01
Full Text Available Durante os anos 2000 e 2001 foram realizadas coletas sazonais de crustáceos decápodes em dois pontos de um rio na Estação Ecológica Juréia-Itatins, utilizando-se duas metodologias distintas (peneira e armadilha. Comparando-se ambos os métodos de coleta, foram constatadas diferenças quanto à composição e riqueza da carcinofauna capturada, grau de dominância e equitatividade, bem como tamanho e número de indivíduos coletados. Além disso, as razões sexuais de Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836 podem diferir dependendo do método de coleta utilizado. Devido à grande variedade de hábitats e hábitos dos crustáceos, pode-se inferir que, para um levantamento qualitativo e/ou quantitativo eficaz e apurado da comunidade de crustáceos decápodes dulcícolas de um determinado rio, é recomendado o uso de mais de um método de coleta.Sampling collections were taken quarterly from Fall 2000 to Summer 2001 at Juréia-Itatins Ecological Station using two different sampling methods (hand sieve and traps. Comparing both sampling methods one can verify differences in faunal composition, richness, degree of dominance, evenness and size and number of individuals. Moreover, the sex ratio of Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836 may differ according to the sampling method. Decapod crustaceans are known to inhabit a great variety of habitats and niches, therefore to obtain an effective qualitative and/or quantitative sampling, in which the majority of decapod species are collected, the use of more than one sampling method is recommended.
As Câmaras Municipais no Império Português: o exemplo do Rio de Janeiro
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Maria Fernanda Bicalho
1998-01-01
Full Text Available O presente artigo visa analisar o papel representado pelas Câmaras Municipais Ultrama-rinas no interior do Império Colonial Português. Ele centra sua análise sobre a Câmara do Rio de Janeiro ao longo dos séculos XVII e XVIII, no sentido de ilustrar a composição das municipalidades, suas funções rotineiras, sua ação nos tempos de crise e de guerra, e o tipo de suas demandas dirigidas aos representantes da Coroa nos dois lados do Atlântico. Enquanto centro político-administrativo, de imposição de tributos, de comércio e defesa, o Rio de Janeiro se tornou locus privilegiado do exercício do domínio metropolitano sobre a vasta região do Atlântico-Sul. Este artigo pretende discutir as tensões, negociações e compro-missos entre a política metropo-litana e o papel de uma das mais importantes municipalidades no mundo luso-americano.The present article analises the role played by the overseas municipal councils in Portuguese Colonial Empire. It focus the Municipal Council of Rio de Janeiro during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, in order to illustrate the composition of the municipalities, their routine functions, their action in times of crisis and war, and the kind of it's demands to the Crown representatives on both sides of the Atlantic. As the center of political administration, tax collection, commerce, and defense, Rio de Janeiro was the privileged stage for the exercise of metropolian dominance over the vast South-Atlantic world. This article intends to discuss the tensions, negociations, and compromises between metropolitan politics and the role of one of the most important luso-american municipalities.
New discharge tube with virtual cathode
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Seidelmann, L.; Aubrecht, L.
2003-01-01
Till this time known methods of the excitation of the discharge between electrodes are using either secondary or thermo emission of electrons by the cathode. Usually we speak about the self-maintained discharge. Lifetime of the cathode, that is shortened by the emission, limits in principle, the lifetime of the whole discharge tube. The discharge can, according to the present state of the art, be induced also by the inductive way. Arrangement for excitation of such discharge is rather expensive. The construction of the inductive excited discharge tube is considerably influenced by the necessity of the limitation of the losses in excitation magnetic circuits. Especially length of the discharge and pressure of the working gas are limited by the economic standpoints. Function of the discharge is always connected with unwanted electromagnetic radiation, whose restraint is expensive and represents limiting factor for arrangement of the discharge tube (Authors)
Nadja Paraense dos Santos
2004-01-01
Until the present date, historians of science have described inaccurately the first laboratory created in Brazil for establishing and divulging Chemistry, namely the "Laboratório Químico-Prático do Rio de Janeiro". During recent research carried out in the Arquivo do Museu Imperial (Petrópolis, RJ), I localized a document entitled "Ensaio histórico analítico das operações do Laboratório Químico-Prático do Rio de Janeiro", which allowed me to gain the relevant information to correct some of th...
Heart bypass surgery - minimally invasive - discharge
... invasive direct coronary artery bypass - discharge; MIDCAB - discharge; Robot assisted coronary artery bypass - discharge; RACAB - discharge; Keyhole ... M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health ...
Dakin, James
1994-01-01
This talk is an overview of discharge lamp technology commonly employed in general lighting, with emphasis on issues pertinent to lighting for plant growth. Since the audience is primarily from the plant growth community, and this begins the light source part of the program, we will start with a brief description of the discharge lamps. Challenges of economics and of thermal management make lamp efficiency a prime concern in controlled environment agriculture, so we will emphasize science considerations relating to discharge lamp efficiency. We will then look at the spectra and ratings of some representative lighting products, and conclude with a discussion of technological advances.
Vaginal Discharge: What's Normal, What's Not
... Staying Safe Videos for Educators Search English Español Vaginal Discharge: What's Normal, What's Not KidsHealth / For Teens / ... Discharge: What's Normal, What's Not Print What Is Vaginal Discharge? Vaginal discharge is fluid that comes from ...
Archaeozoology of marine mollusks from Sambaqui da Tarioba, Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Rosa C. C. L. de Souza
2010-06-01
Full Text Available A reference inventory of prehistoric marine mollusks from the Rio das Ostras region was created based on an excavation carried out at the Sambaqui da Tarioba shellmound. Patterns of richness and biogeography were studied, and the representativeness of bivalve and gastropod diversities found at this archaeological site were inferred. A total of 47 taxa belonging to 28 families, most of which from unconsolidated substrates, was identified. The shellmound species composition does not differ from the present-day composition. All recorded species are characteristic of a wide transition zone between the south of the states of Espírito Santo (21°S and Rio Grande do Sul (32°S. Thus, the data show little evidence of evolution in the composition, richness,and biodiversity distribution patterns of mollusks in the Rio das Ostras region. Likewise, a reconstitution of the paleoenvironment from the functional characteristics of the shellmound species indicates that the locality's geomorphology and climate remained largely unchanged in the last 4,000 years BP.
Galactography in non-lactating nipple discharge
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Suh, Myung Ok; Lee, Joo Mi; Moon, Jang Ho; Kang, Ik Won; Chung, Soo Young; Bae, Sang Hoon; Park, Soo Sung [Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)
1988-08-15
Nipple discharge in non-lactating breast is classified as 2 groups. The first group is stagnation discharge which is determined by an apocrino-like exfoliation and stagnation within the ductal system. The second group is hyperplastic or neoplastic group. The secretory breast disease combined with nipple discharge can not be diagnosed by simple X-ray mammography of ultrasonography. For differential diagnosis of secretory breast disease and for localization of lesions, the galactography is necessary. We analysed 49 cases of galactography is non-lactating breat and obtained following results. 1. The most common cause of discharge was duct ectasis (39%) in stagnation discharge group and papilloma (23%) in hyperplastic discharge group. 2. Hyperplastic discharge group occurred most frequently in 5th decade of age and was discovered more frequently in fatty parenchymal pattern on simple mammography. 3. The most frequent type of nipple discharge was cloudy-milky type in stagnation group and bloody nature in hyperplastic group. 4. The most common cause of bloody discharge was papilloma (58%). 5. The bloody nipple discharge among 56 cases of breast cancer during 4 years occurred only in 5 cases (9%)
Taser X26 discharges in swine: ventricular rhythm capture is dependent on discharge vector.
Valentino, Daniel J; Walter, Robert J; Dennis, Andrew J; Margeta, Bosko; Starr, Frederic; Nagy, Kimberly K; Bokhari, Faran; Wiley, Dorion E; Joseph, Kimberly T; Roberts, Roxanne R
2008-12-01
Data from our previous studies indicate that Taser X26 stun devices can acutely alter cardiac function in swine. We hypothesized that most transcardiac discharge vectors would capture ventricular rhythm, but that other vectors, not traversing the heart, would fail to capture the ventricular rhythm. Using an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) approved protocol, four Yorkshire pigs (25-36 kg) were anesthetized, paralyzed with succinylcholine (2 mg/kg), and then exposed to 10 second discharges from a police-issue Taser X26. For most discharges, the barbed darts were pushed manually into the skin to their full depth (12 mm) and were arranged in either transcardiac (such that a straight line connecting the darts would cross the region of the heart) or non-transcardiac vectors. A total of 11 different vectors and 22 discharge conditions were studied. For each vector, by simply rotating the cartridge 180-degrees in the gun, the primary current-emitting dart was changed and the direction of current flow during the discharge was reversed without physically moving the darts. Echocardiography and electrocardiograms (ECGs) were performed before, during, and after all discharges. p values captured immediately in 52.5% (31 of 59) of the discharges on the ventral surface of the animal. In each of these cases, capture of the ventricular rhythm with rapid ventricular contractions consistent with ventricular tachycardia (VT) or flutter was seen throughout the discharge. A total of 27 discharges were administered with transcardiac vectors and ventricular capture occurred in 23 of these discharges (85.2% capture rate). A total of 32 non-transcardiac discharges were administered ventrally and capture was seen in only eight of these (25% capture rate). Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was seen with two vectors, both of which were transcardiac. In the remaining animals, VT occurred postdischarge until sinus rhythm was regained spontaneously. For most transcardiac vectors
Thermoluminescence dating of Rio Claro and Piracununga formations
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ferreira, Sandra Regina; Chang, Maria Rita Caetano
2008-01-01
The Rio Claro and Piracununga formations cover extensive areas of the Paulista Peripheral Depression, dominantly in the region of Rio Claro and Piracununga cities. These units lie over the Corumbatai and Piramboia formations, exhibiting discordant contacts. The Rio Claro and Piracununga formations are composed of fine to medium sand facies, showing local cross-stratifications and parallel beddings with thin interbeddings of mud and gravel. These sands were dated by the Thermoluminescence Method, which indicated they were from the Pleistocene age. The oldest age (745,000 years BP) was found in deposits of the Rio Claro Formation; the other ages varied from 400,000 years BP to 145,000 years BP, for both formations. The youngest age (15,000 years BP - close to Pleistocene/ Holocene limit) was found in colluvial deposits, which rest on the Piracununga Formation. (author)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Xu Shaowei; Li Lulu; Ouyang Jiting
2015-01-01
The dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in the glow regime in neon has been investigated by experiment and two-dimensional (2D) fluid modeling. The discharge was carried out in a planar DBD system with segmented-electrodes driven by square-wave voltage. The results show that the glow DBD originates in the center of the electrode and expands outward to the electrode edge during each half cycle of the voltage, forming a radial structure. The discharge decays firstly in the inner area but sustains longer in the edge area, showing a reversed discharge area. The discharge cannot completely cover the entire electrode surface, but remains a border of non- or weak discharge. The fluid modeling shows a similar result in agreement with the experiments. The simulations indicate that the electric field in the edge area is distorted due to the boundary effect so that the electric field and charge distribution are different from that in the inner part. The distorted field reduces the longitudinal component near the edge and causes the local field to be lower than that in the center, and hence makes the discharge behindhand. It also induces a transverse field that makes the discharge extend radially outward to the edge. The boundary effect plays an important role in the glow DBD structure. (paper)
Desgaste ondulatório em caminhos de ferro
Martins, Paulo Manuel Caldeira
2010-01-01
Trata-se de uma análise técnica completa a um desgaste específico que aparece frequentemente nos sistemas ferroviários, sejam eles comboios (passageiros, carga e alta velocidade), Metropolitanos (ligeiros e pesados) ou mesmo sistemas de carros eléctricos. Anualmente são gastos pelos sistemas ferroviários, consideráveis somas na correcção dos defeitos provocados pelo aparecimento do desgaste ondulatório nos carris de rolamento. Ainda hoje a relativa pouca troca de conhecimentos entre os ...
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Zhang Ding-Zong; Wang Yan-Hui; Wang De-Zhen
2017-01-01
The discharge characteristics and temporal nonlinear behaviors of the atmospheric pressure coaxial electrode dielectric barrier discharges are studied by using a one-dimensional fluid model. It is shown that the discharge is always asymmetrical between the positive pulses and negative pulses. The gas gap severely affects this asymmetry. But it is hard to acquire a symmetrical discharge by changing the gas gap. This asymmetry is proportional to the asymmetric extent of electrode structure, namely the ratio of the outer electrode radius to the inner electrode radius. When this ratio is close to unity, a symmetrical discharge can be obtained. With the increase of frequency, the discharge can exhibit a series of nonlinear behaviors such as period-doubling bifurcation, secondary bifurcation and chaotic phenomena. In the period-doubling bifurcation sequence the period- n discharge becomes more and more unstable with the increase of n . The period-doubling bifurcation can also be obtained by altering the discharge gas gap. The mechanisms of two bifurcations are further studied. It is found that the residual quasineutral plasma from the previous discharges and corresponding electric field distribution can weaken the subsequent discharge, and leads to the occurrence of bifurcation. (paper)
The effect of an auxiliary discharge on anode sheath potentials in a transverse discharge
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Foster, J.E.; Gallimore, A.D.
1997-01-01
A novel scheme that employs the use of an auxiliary discharge has been shown to reduce markedly anode sheath potentials in a transverse discharge. An 8.8 A low-pressure argon discharge in the presence of a transverse magnetic field was used as the plasma source in this study. In such discharges, the transverse flux that is collected by the anode is severely limited due to marked reductions in the transverse diffusion coefficient. Findings of this study indicate that the local electron number density and the transverse flux increase when the auxiliary discharge is operated. Changes in these parameters are reflected in the measured anode sheath voltage. Anode sheath potentials, estimated by using Langmuir probes, were shown to be reduced by over 33% when the auxiliary discharge is operated. These reductions in anode sheath potentials translated into significant reductions in anode power flux as measured using water calorimeter techniques. The reductions in anode power flux also correlate well with changes in the electron transverse flux. Finally, techniques implementing these positive effects in real plasma accelerators are discussed. copyright 1997 American Institute of Physics
Semenov, A P
2001-01-01
One studied properties of a magnetron discharge with a cold hollow and uncooled rod cathodes. One demonstrated the dominant effect of thermoelectron emission of a rod cathode heated in a discharge on characteristics of discharge and on emission properties of a gas-discharge plasma and the possibility pf a smooth transition of glow discharge to diffusion mode of arc discharge combustion. Paper describes sources of ions and electrons with improved physical and generalized design and engineering parameters. One shows the promise of the electrode structure of a hollow cathode magnetron discharge to be used as a source, in particular, of the atomic hydrogen and of atom flow of a working rod cathode
Discharge cleaning for a tokamak
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ishii, Shigeyuki
1983-01-01
Various methods of discharge cleaning for tokamaks are described. The material of the first walls of tokamaks is usually stainless steel, inconel, titanium and so on. Hydrogen is exclusively used as the discharge gas. Glow discharge cleaning (GDC), Taylor discharge cleaning (TDC), and electron cyclotron resonance discharge cleaning (ECR-DC) are discussed in this paper. The cleaning by GDC is made by moving a movable anode to the center of a tokamak vassel. Taylor found the good cleaning effect of induced discharge by high pressure and low power discharge. This is called TDC. When the frequency of high frequency discharge in a magnetic field is equal to that of the electron cyclotron resonance, the break down potential is lowered if the pressure is sufficiently low. The ECR-CD is made by using this effect. In TDC and ECR-DC, the electron temperature, which has a close relation to the production rate of H 0 , can be controlled by the pressure. In GDC, the operating pressure was improved by the radio frequency glow (RG) method. However, there is still the danger of arcing. In case of GDC and ECR-DC, the position of plasma can be controlled, but not in case of TDC. The TDC is accepted by most of takamak devices in the world. (Kato, T.)
Vergara, Franz H; Sheridan, Daniel J; Sullivan, Nancy J; Budhathoki, Chakra
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a face-to-face meeting with patients by a telephonic case manager prehospital discharge would result in increased telephone follow-up (TFU) reach rates posthospital discharge. Acute care adult medicine inpatient units. A quasiexperimental design was utilized. Two adult inpatient medicine units were selected as the intervention and comparison groups. The framework of the study is the transitions theory. A convenience sampling technique was used, whereby 88 eligible patients on the intervention unit received face-to-face meetings prehospital discharge whereas 123 patients on the comparison unit received standard care (no face-to-face meetings). Cross-tabulation and chi-square tests were employed to examine the association of face-to-face meeting intervention and TFU reach rates. Implementing brief (face-to-face meetings by a telephonic case manager prehospital discharge resulted in a TFU reach rate of 87% on the intervention unit, whereas the comparison unit only had a 58% TFU reach rate (p communication with more patients posthospital discharge. A brief prehospital discharge face-to-face meeting with patients assisted them to understand the reasons for a posthospital discharge telephone call, identified the best times to call using accurate telephone numbers, and taught patients how best to prepare for the call. In addition, by meeting patients face-to-face, the telephonic case manager was no longer an unknown person on the telephone asking them questions about their medical condition. These factors combined may have significantly helped to increase TFU reach rates.
Filamentary and diffuse barrier discharges
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kogelschatz, U.
2001-01-01
Barrier discharges, sometimes also referred to as dielectric-barrier discharges or silent discharges, are characterized by the presence of at least one insulating layer in contact with the discharge between two planar or cylindrical electrodes connected to an ac power supply. The main advantage of this type of electrical discharge is, that non-equilibrium plasma conditions in atmospheric-pressure gases can be established in an economic and reliable way. This has led to a number of important applications including industrial ozone generation, surface modification of polymers, plasma chemical vapor deposition, excitation of CO 2 lasers, excimer lamps and, most recently, large-area flat plasma display panels. Depending on the application, the width of the discharge gap can range from less than 0.1 mm to about 100 mm and the applied frequency from below line frequency to several gigahertz. Typical materials used for the insulating layer (dielectric barrier) are glass, quartz, ceramics but also thin enamel or polymer layers
Waste water discharges into natural waters
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Marri, P.; Barsanti, P.; Mione, A.; Posarelli, M.
1996-12-01
The aqueous discharges into natural waters is a very technical solution expecially for surface buoyant discharges. It is not only convenient to limit the concentration levels of the discharges, but also to improve the turbolent processes that diluite the discharge. Mostly these processes depend by some geometric parameters of the discharge and by some physical parameters of the effluent and of the receiving water body. An appropriate choice of some parameters, using also suitable mathematical models, allows to design discharges with a very high dilution; so the decreasing of the pollutant levels is improved and the environmental impact can be reduced versus a not diluted effluent. The simulations of a mathematical model, here described, prove that in some circumstances, expecially in case of discharges of fresh water into saline water bodies with a low velocity of the current, the dilution is poor; the effluent can be trapped in a narrow water surface layer where the pollutant concentrations remain high. also far away from the discharge point
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Piel, A.
1993-01-01
Many gas discharges exhibit natural oscillations which undergo a transition from regular to chaotic behavior by changing an experimental parameter or by applying external modulation. Besides several isolated investigations, two classes of discharge phenomena have been studied in more detail: ionization waves in medium pressure discharges and potential relaxation oscillations in filament cathode discharges at very low pressure. The latter phenomenon will be discussed by comparing experimental results from different discharge arrangements with particle-in-cell simulations and with a model based on the van-der-Pol equation. The filament cathode discharge has two stable modes of operation: the low current anode-glow-mode and the high current temperature-limited-mode, which form the hysteresis curve in the I(U) characteristics. Close to the hysteresis point of the AGM periodic relaxation oscillations occur. The authors demonstrate that the AGM can be understood by ion production in the anode layer, stopping of ions by charge exchange, and trapping in the virtual cathode around the filament. The relaxation oscillations consist of a slow filling phase and a rapid phase that invokes formation of an unstable double-layer, current-spiking, and ion depletion from the cathodic plasma. The relaxation oscillations can be mode-locked by external modulation. Inside a mode-locked state, a period doubling cascade is observed at high modulation degree
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lisovskiy, V.A. [Ecole Polytech, Lab Phys and Technol Plasmas, F-91128 Palaiseau, (France); Booth, J.P. [Lam Res Corp, Fremont, CA 94538 (United States); Landry, K. [Unaxis, F-38100 Grenoble, (France); Douai, D. [CEA Cadarache, Dept Rech Fus Controlee, EURATOM Assoc, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, (France); Cassagne, V. [Riber, F-95873 Bezons, (France); Yegorenkov, V.D. [Kharkov Natl Univ, Dept Phys, UA-61077 Kharkov, (Ukraine)
2007-07-01
We report the measured extinction curves and current voltage characteristics (CVCs) in several gases of RF capacitive discharges excited at 13.56 MHz in chambers of three different geometries: 1) parallel plates surrounded by a dielectric cylinder ('symmetric parallel plate'); 2) parallel plates surrounded by a metallic cylinder ('asymmetric confined'); and 3) parallel plates inside a much larger metallic chamber ('asymmetric unconfined'), similar to the gaseous electronics conference reference cell. The extinction curves and the CVCs show differences between the symmetric, asymmetric confined, and asymmetric unconfined chamber configurations. In particular, the discharges exist over a much broader range of RF voltages and gas pressures for the asymmetric unconfined chamber. For symmetric and asymmetric confined discharges, the extinction curves are close to each other in the regions near the minima and at lower pressure, but at higher pressure, the extinction curve of the asymmetric confined discharge runs at a lower voltage than the one for the discharge in a symmetric chamber. In the particular cases of an 'asymmetric unconfined chamber' discharge or 'asymmetric confined' one, the RF discharge experiences the transition from a 'weak-current' mode to a 'strong-current' one at lower RF voltages than is the case for a 'symmetric parallel-plate' discharge. (authors)
Ignition Features of Plasma-Beam Discharge in Gas-Discharge Electron Gun Operation
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Valery A. Tutyk
2013-01-01
Full Text Available The current paper presents the results of experimental researches to determine the mode features of plasma-beam discharge (PBD generation by an electron beam injected by a low-vacuum gasdischarge electron gun (LGEG with the cold cathode and hollow anode on the basis of the high-voltage glow discharge and in the range of helium pressure of P ? 10 ÷ 130 Pa. The PBD boundaries and their dependences on parameters of an electron beam are found. The influence of PBD on parameters of low-vacuum gas-discharge electron gun is revealed. It causes an avalanche increase of electron beam current and burning of plasma-beam discharge in the whole space of the vacuum chamber volume and generation of electromagnetic radiation is revealed. Achieved results will be used for implementation of various vacuum technologies in the medium of reaction gas and generated electromagnetic radiation.
Classification of electrical discharges in DC Accelerators
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Banerjee, Srutarshi, E-mail: sruban.stephens@gmail.com [Accelerator and Pulse Power Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085 (India); Deb, A.K. [Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302 (India); Rajan, Rehim N. [Accelerator and Pulse Power Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085 (India); Kishore, N.K. [Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302 (India)
2016-08-11
Controlled electrical discharge aids in conditioning of the system while uncontrolled discharges damage its electronic components. DC Accelerator being a high voltage system is no exception. It is useful to classify electrical discharges according to the severity. Experimental prototypes of the accelerator discharges are developed. Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs) are used to detect the signals from these discharges. Time and Frequency domain characteristics of the detected discharges are used to extract features. Machine Learning approaches like Fuzzy Logic, Neural Network and Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LSSVM) are employed to classify the discharges. This aids in detecting the severity of the discharges.
State Waste Discharge Permit application, 183-N Backwash Discharge Pond
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
1994-06-01
As part of the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order negotiations (Ecology et al. 1994), the US Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office, the US Environmental Protection Agency, and the Washington State Department of Ecology agreed that liquid effluent discharges to the ground on the Hanford Site which affect groundwater or have the potential to affect groundwater would be subject to permitting under the structure of Chapter 173--216 (or 173--218 where applicable) of the Washington Administrative Code, the State Waste Discharge Permit Program. As a result of this decision, the Washington State Department of Ecology and the US Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office entered into Consent Order No. DE91NM-177, (Ecology and DOE-RL 1991). The Consent Order No. DE91NM-177 requires a series of permitting activities for liquid effluent discharges. Liquid effluents on the Hanford Site have been classified as Phase I, Phase II, and Miscellaneous Streams. The Consent Order No. DE91NM-177 establishes milestones for State Waste Discharge Permit application submittals for all Phase I and Phase II streams, as well as the following 11 Miscellaneous Streams as identified in Table 4 of the Consent Order No. DE91NM-177.
Porath, Soraia Loechelt
2004-01-01
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo Os rios têm sido uma presença constante na formação e crescimento das cidades. Desde os primórdios das civilizações, por uma questão de sobrevivência e utilidade, servem como fonte de recursos e meio de circulação. Porém, os rios urbanos são mal compreendidos. São entendidos como um limite ao crescimento das cidades, um obstáculo a ser transposto, e dest...
Recurrent vaginal discharge in children.
McGreal, Sharon; Wood, Paul
2013-08-01
Childhood vaginal discharge remains a frequent reason for referral from primary to secondary care. The Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology (PAG) service at Kettering General Hospital was established in 1993 and provides a specialized service that meets the needs of children with gynaecological conditions. To investigate recurrent vaginal discharge noting symptomatology, defining pathogens, common and rarer causes, exploring management regimes, and any changes in practice over time. Retrospective review spanning 15 years identifying prepubertal children attending the outpatient PAG clinic with recurrent vaginal discharge. We reviewed the medical notes individually. 110 patients were identified; 85% were referred from primary care. The age distribution was bimodal at four and eight years. Thirty-five percent of our patients were discharged after the initial consultation. The commonest cause of discharge was vulvovaginitis (82%). Other important causes included suspected sexual abuse (5%), foreign body (3%), labial adhesions (3%), vaginal agenesis (2%). 35% of patients were admitted for vaginoscopy. Vaginal discharge is the most common gynecological symptom in prepubertal girls and can cause repeated clinical episodes. Vulvovaginitis is the most common cause and often responds to simple hygiene measures. Awareness of the less common causes of vaginal discharge is essential. Copyright © 2013 North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Woodliffe, J.
1990-01-01
Current practice of North Sea States on the discharge and disposal of liquid radioactive wastes to the North Sea are based on the declaration issued at the Second International Conference on the Protection of the North Sea, known as the London Declaration. This has three main points the first of which emphasises the application of the Best Available Technology to protect the North Sea, the second provides a framework on which future controls on radioactive discharges should be based. The third identifies two parts of the framework; to take into account the recommendations of international organizations and that any repositories of radioactive waste which are built should not pollute the North Sea. This chapter looks at how the concensus based on the London Declaration is working, gauges the progress made in the implementation of the policy goal, identifies existing and future areas for concern and proposes ways of strengthening the control of radioactive discharges. The emphasis is on the United Kingdom practice and regulations for liquid wastes, most of which comes from the Sellafield Reprocessing Plant. (author)
Electric discharge during electrosurgery.
Shashurin, Alexey; Scott, David; Zhuang, Taisen; Canady, Jerome; Beilis, Isak I; Keidar, Michael
2015-04-16
Electric discharge utilized for electrosurgery is studied by means of a recently developed method for the diagnostics of small-size atmospheric plasma objects based on Rayleigh scattering of microwaves on the plasma volume. Evolution of the plasma parameters in the near-electrode sheaths and in the positive column is measured and analyzed. It is found that the electrosurgical system produces a glow discharge of alternating current with strongly contracted positive column with current densities reaching 10(3) A/cm(2). The plasma electron density and electrical conductivities in the channel were found be 10(16) cm(-3) and (1-2) Ohm(-1) cm(-1), respectively. The discharge interrupts every instance when the discharge-driving AC voltage crosses zero and re-ignites again every next half-wave at the moment when the instant voltage exceeds the breakdown threshold.
Isbrücker, I.J.H.; Nijssen, H.
1984-01-01
Pyxiloricaria menezesi n. gen., n. sp., is described and illustrated from Rio Miranda (Est. Mato Grosso do Sul) and from Rio Cuiabá (Est. Mato Grosso), Brazil. It is assigned to the subtribe Planiloricariina of the tribe Loricariini, subfamily Loricariinae. A comparison is made with sympatric
Predicting tile drainage discharge
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Iversen, Bo Vangsø; Kjærgaard, Charlotte; Petersen, Rasmus Jes
used in the analysis. For the dynamic modelling, a simple linear reservoir model was used where different outlets in the model represented tile drain as well as groundwater discharge outputs. This modelling was based on daily measured tile drain discharge values. The statistical predictive model...... was based on a polynomial regression predicting yearly tile drain discharge values using site specific parameters such as soil type, catchment topography, etc. as predictors. Values of calibrated model parameters from the dynamic modelling were compared to the same site specific parameter as used...
Estimating sediment discharge: Appendix D
Gray, John R.; Simões, Francisco J. M.
2008-01-01
Sediment-discharge measurements usually are available on a discrete or periodic basis. However, estimates of sediment transport often are needed for unmeasured periods, such as when daily or annual sediment-discharge values are sought, or when estimates of transport rates for unmeasured or hypothetical flows are required. Selected methods for estimating suspended-sediment, bed-load, bed- material-load, and total-load discharges have been presented in some detail elsewhere in this volume. The purposes of this contribution are to present some limitations and potential pitfalls associated with obtaining and using the requisite data and equations to estimate sediment discharges and to provide guidance for selecting appropriate estimating equations. Records of sediment discharge are derived from data collected with sufficient frequency to obtain reliable estimates for the computational interval and period. Most sediment- discharge records are computed at daily or annual intervals based on periodically collected data, although some partial records represent discrete or seasonal intervals such as those for flood periods. The method used to calculate sediment- discharge records is dependent on the types and frequency of available data. Records for suspended-sediment discharge computed by methods described by Porterfield (1972) are most prevalent, in part because measurement protocols and computational techniques are well established and because suspended sediment composes the bulk of sediment dis- charges for many rivers. Discharge records for bed load, total load, or in some cases bed-material load plus wash load are less common. Reliable estimation of sediment discharges presupposes that the data on which the estimates are based are comparable and reliable. Unfortunately, data describing a selected characteristic of sediment were not necessarily derived—collected, processed, analyzed, or interpreted—in a consistent manner. For example, bed-load data collected with
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Horsbøl, Anders
2012-01-01
For several years, efforts have been made to strengthen collaboration between health professionals with different specializations and to improve patient transition from hospital to home (care). In the Danish health care system, these efforts have concentrated on cancer and heart diseases, whereas...... coordinator, employed at the hospital, is supposed to anticipate discharge and serve as mediator between the hospital and the municipal home care system. Drawing on methods from discourse and interaction analysis, the paper studies the practice of the discharge coordinator in two encounters between patients...... how the home context provides different resources for identification of patient needs and mutual decision making....
Campos, Andrezza Raphaella Costa
2012-01-01
A busca para desenvolver alternativas viáveis e eficientes para o tratamento do lixiviado de aterro sanitário, fez com que surgisse a iniciativa de pesquisar sobre o tratamento conjugado entre lixiviado de aterro sanitário e esgoto sanitário, visando tratar o lixiviado diluindo este no esgoto, reduzindo as elevadas concentrações de matéria orgânica e nitrogênio amoniacal, deixando em proporções adequadas ao tratamento convencional. Neste estudo, foi analisada a eficiência do processo de trata...
Construção de uma escala de ansiedade para pacientes de ambulatório: um es tu do exploratório
Oliveira, José Carlos Silva; Sisto, Fermino Fernandes
2009-01-01
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a possibilidade de construção de uma escala para avaliar a ansiedade de pessoas em ambulatório. Participaram 636 pacientes, atendidos no ambulatório pelos serviços de saúde de um hospital universitário, nas áreas de Cardiologia, Clínica Médica, Dermatologia, Endocrinologia, Gastroenterologia, Ginecologia, Neurologia, Oftalmologia, Ortopedia e Urologia, com idades entre 25 e 50 anos. O instrumento foi composto por 57 frases e, em uma primeira anál...
Discharge residence of TLD tagged fish
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Romberg, G.P.; Prepejchal, W.
1974-01-01
Although visual observations suggested that fish remained in the discharge for considerable periods, temperature-sensitive tags indicated the majority of fish spend less than 50 hr or 10 percent of the time at discharge temperatures. During 1974 a second fish tagging study was conducted, using temperature-sensitive tags to yield discharge residence times of Lake Michigan salmonids at Point Beach thermal discharge. Preliminary results revealed that many fish tag values were close to Unit I line indicating that calculated maximum discharge residence times for these fish will be nearly 100 percent of the elapsed time
Expansion of a nitrogen discharge by sound
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Antinyan, M.A.; Galechyan, G.A.; Tavakalyan, L.B.
1992-01-01
When the background pressure and the discharge current in a gas discharge are raised the plasma column is tightened up into a filament. Then the discharge occupies a region of the discharge tube whose transverse dimensions are substantially less than those of the tube. This contraction phenomenon in discharges restricts the range of parameters used in various devices to the range of relatively low discharge currents and low gas pressures. This contraction interferes with creating high-power gas lasers, since it acts destructively on the lasing process. In order to suppress filamentation of discharges the working gas has been pumped through the system at high speed, with considerable success. The turbulent mixing in the stream plays an important role in creating an uncontracted discharge at high pressures. The purpose of the present work is to study the possibility of undoing the contraction of a nitrogen discharge, which is one of the main components in the operation of a CO 2 laser, by introducing an intense sound wave in the discharge tube. Discharge contraction and the effect of a sound wave propagating along the plasma column have been investigated experimentally in nitrogen by studying the current-voltage characteristics of a contracted discharge. 6 refs., 3 figs
Nguyen, Vu Q C; PrvuBettger, Janet; Guerrier, Tami; Hirsch, Mark A; Thomas, J George; Pugh, Terrence M; Rhoads, Charles F
2015-07-01
To examine sociodemographic and clinical characteristics independently associated with discharge home compared with discharge to a skilled nursing facility (SNF) after acute inpatient rehabilitation. Retrospective cohort study. Three tertiary accredited acute care rehabilitation facilities. Adult patients with stroke (N=2085). Not applicable. Not applicable. Of 2085 patients with stroke treated at 3 centers over a 4-year period, 78.2% (n=1631) were discharged home and 21.8% (n=454) discharged to an SNF. Findings from a multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that patients were less likely to be discharged home if they were older (odds ratio [OR], .98; 95% confidence interval [CI], .96-.99), separated or divorced (compared with married; OR, .61; 95% CI, .48-.79), or with Medicare health insurance (compared with private insurance; OR, .69; 95% CI, .55-.88), or had dysphagia (OR, .83; 95% CI, .71-.98) or cognitive deficits (OR, .79; 95% CI, .77-.81). The odds of being discharged home were higher for those admitted with a higher motor FIM score (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.09-1.11). The following were not associated with discharge disposition: sex, race, prestroke vocational status, availability of secondary health insurance, number of days from stroke onset to rehabilitation facility admission, stroke type, impairment group, cognitive FIM on admission, other stroke deficits (aphasia, ataxia, neglect, or speech disturbance), stroke complications of hyponatremia or urinary tract infection, or comorbid conditions. One in 5 patients with stroke were discharged to an SNF after inpatient rehabilitation. On admission, several sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were identified that could be considered as important factors in early discussions for discharge planning. Copyright © 2015 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Bissacco, Giuliano; Hansen, Hans Nørgaard; Tristo, G.
2011-01-01
This paper investigates the applicability of real time wear compensation in micro EDM milling based on discharge counting and discharge population characterization. Experiments were performed involving discharge counting and tool electrode wear measurement in a wide range of process parameters...
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Magda Narváez Castillo
2010-04-01
Full Text Available Se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación de vinazas en algunas propiedades físicas y en la actividad de las deshidrogenasas en un Entic dystropept y en un Fluventic haplustoll del Valle de Cauca, Colombia. Para suplir los requerimientos de K+ del cultivo de maíz dulce (Zea mays L. se utilizaron seis tratamientos (T1 = 100% de K+ como vinaza, T2 = 100% de K+ con KCl; T3 = 50% de K+ como vinaza y KCl, T4 = 75% de K+ con vinaza y 25% de K+ como KCl, T5 = testigo absoluto sin planta, T6 = testigo más planta que fueron dispuestos en un diseño completamente al azar con cinco repeticiones. En el Entic dystropept la densidad aparente disminuyó y en consecuencia la porosidad total aumentó, mientras que en el Fluventic haplustoll sucedió lo contrario. La actividad de las deshidrogenasas fue significativamente mayor (P < 0.05 en el Entic dystropept que en el Fluventic haplustoll que presentó valores bajos. Los resultados mostraron que los cambios que se generan como producto de la aplicación de vinazas son diferentes para ambos tipo de suelo.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - adults - discharge
... coughing up dark mucus Your fingertips or the skin around your fingernails are blue Alternative Names COPD - adults - discharge; Chronic obstructive airways disease - adults - discharge; Chronic obstructive lung disease - adults - discharge; ...
[Severe vaginal discharge following rectal surgery].
Burg, L C; Bremers, A J A; Heesakkers, J P F A; Kluivers, K B
2018-01-01
Almost 50% of women who have had rectal surgery subsequently develop vaginal discharge. Due to the recurrent and unexpected nature of this heavy discharge, they often experience it as very distressing. Many of these women undergo extensive diagnostic tests that are mainly focused on identifying fistula formation. If no fistula is found, in most cases no other cause for severe vaginal discharge can be demonstrated. In our practice, we saw three patients (49-, 54- and 74-years-old, respectively) with similar severe vaginal discharge after rectal surgery and in whom no explanation for the vaginal discharge could be found. For this reason we conducted a literature search into this condition. Anatomical changes appear to be responsible for heavy vaginal discharge following rectal surgery. Changes in pelvic floor muscles and compression of the distal part of the vagina may lead to pooling of fluid in the proximal part of the vagina, resulting in severe discharge. Symptomatic treatment may reduce the symptoms.
Stage-discharge relationship in tidal channels
Kearney, W. S.; Mariotti, G.; Deegan, L.; Fagherazzi, S.
2016-12-01
Long-term records of the flow of water through tidal channels are essential to constrain the budgets of sediments and biogeochemical compounds in salt marshes. Statistical models which relate discharge to water level allow the estimation of such records from more easily obtained records of water stage in the channel. While there is clearly structure in the stage-discharge relationship, nonlinearity and nonstationarity of the relationship complicates the construction of statistical stage-discharge models with adequate performance for discharge estimation and uncertainty quantification. Here we compare four different types of stage-discharge models, each of which is designed to capture different characteristics of the stage-discharge relationship. We estimate and validate each of these models on a two-month long time series of stage and discharge obtained with an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler in a salt marsh channel. We find that the best performance is obtained by models which account for the nonlinear and time-varying nature of the stage-discharge relationship. Good performance can also be obtained from a simplified version of these models which approximates the fully nonlinear and time-varying models with a piecewise linear formulation.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Eduardo Viola
2012-12-01
Full Text Available Em um artigo seminal, Rockström et al. (2009 inauguraram uma nova forma de abordar os problemas ambientais. A abordagem das fronteiras planetárias aparece como um instrumento analítico fundamental para avaliar a governança global do ambiente e, em um sentido mais profundo, para refletir sobre o rumo civilizatório da humanidade. O nosso objetivo nesse artigo, é fazer uma avaliação da Rio+20 utilizando como critério a governança global das fronteiras planetárias. No caminho, fazemos especial referência ao papel do Brasil na Cúpula. Nossa conclusão principal é que a Rio+20 foi um fracasso desde o ponto de vista da definição de um espaço de operação segura para a humanidade e que ele é expressão de um sistema internacional bloqueado e dominado por forças conservadoras. Nesse cenário, o Brasil aparece como uma potência ambiental subdesenvolvida (underachiever environmental power: a combinação de um enorme capital ambiental físico com um deficiente capital ambiental social.En un trabajo seminal, Rockström et al (2009 inauguraron una nueva forma de abordar la problemática ambiental, basada en la noción de fronteras planetarias. Esa perspectiva aparece como un instrumento analítico fundamental para evaluar la gobernanza del medio ambiente y en un sentido mas profundo, el propio rumbo de la civilización. El objetivo de este artículo es hacer un balance de la Rio+20 usando como criterio la gobernanza global de las fronteras planetarias, así como analizar el papel de Brasil en la Cumbre. La conclusión principal es que la Rio+20 fue un fracaso desde el punto de vista de la definición de un espacio de operación segura para la humanidad, fracaso que es expresión de un sistema internacional bloqueado y dominado por fuerzas conservadoras. En ese escenario, Brasil aparece como una potencia ambiental subdesarrollada (underachiever environmental power por combinar un vasto capital ambiental físico con un deficiente capital
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Cássio dos Santos Tomaim
2010-12-01
Full Text Available A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e consulta a catálogos e dicionários de filmes brasileiros, buscamos uma compreensão histórica da produção de documentários no Rio Grande do Sul, a fim de problematizar a memória deste cinema. Primeiro foi preciso existir o cinema de não-ficção no Estado, em especial o de curta-metragem, para somente mais tarde ser possível o longa-metragem de ficção gaúcho. Indicativo de que a história do cinema no Rio Grande do Sul não é uma coleção de episódios isolados, como nos fez acreditar a historiografia clássica do cinema brasileiro.
Basic Studies of Distributed Discharge Limiters
2014-02-10
electron avalanche ionization discharges induced by a focused 110 GHz millimeter-wave beam in atmospheric air. Discharges take place in a free volume of...plasma. 3.1.7 Vacuum Ultraviolet emission from pulsed discharges at atmospheric pressure. Fig. 6. Energy level diagram for molecular and...the utilized spectral simulation software, SPECTRAPLOT. 3.1.8 Non-intrusive diagnostic method for dissociation degree in pulsed discharges
GO RIO: Achieving Universal Access to Mass Transit
Martinez, Ted, Jr.; Castaneda-Calleros, Russell
2009-01-01
GO RIO is a universal access, mass-transit program that has been offered to all students who are registered full-time at Rio Hondo College. Through an agreement with five local transit agencies, full-time students can obtain a pass that provides full access seven days a week throughout the entire semester.
Research of the Rio Grande Ecosystem Management Program
Deborah M. Finch
2000-01-01
This paper describes the mission, objectives, and preliminary results of the Middle Rio Grande Ecosystem Management Research Program managed at the Rocky Mountain Research Station's Albuquerque laboratory. This program was initiated in 1994 to address growing pressures to effectively manage the limited resources of the middle Rio Grande Basin. The program is...
Rankin, Dale R.; McCoy, Kurt J.; More, Geoff J.M.; Worthington, Jeffrey A.; Bandy-Baldwin, Kimberly M.
2013-01-01
The Albuquerque, New Mexico, area has two principal sources of water: groundwater from the Santa Fe Group aquifer system and surface water from the San Juan-Chama Diversion Project. From 1960 to 2002, groundwater withdrawals from the Santa Fe Group aquifer system have caused water levels to decline more than 120 feet in some places within the Albuquerque area, resulting in a great deal of interest in quantifying the river-aquifer interaction associated with the Rio Grande. In 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Middle Rio Grande Endangered Species Collaborative Program, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers began a detailed characterization of the hydrogeology of the Rio Grande riparian corridor in the Albuquerque, New Mexico, area to provide hydrologic data and enhance the understanding of rates of water leakage from the Rio Grande to the alluvial aquifer, groundwater flow through the aquifer, and discharge of water from the aquifer to the riverside drains. A simple conceptual model of flow indicates that the groundwater table gently slopes from the Rio Grande towards riverside drains and the outer boundaries of the inner valley. Water infiltrating from the Rio Grande initially moves vertically below the river, but, as flow spreads farther into the Rio Grande inner valley alluvial aquifer, flow becomes primarily horizontal. The slope of the water-table surface may be strongly controlled by the riverside drains and influenced by other more distal hydrologic boundary conditions, such as groundwater withdrawals by wells. Results from 35 slug tests performed in the Rio Grande inner valley alluvial aquifer during January and February 2009 indicate that hydraulic-conductivity values ranged from 5 feet per day to 160 feet per day with a median hydraulic-conductivity for all transects of 40 feet per day. Median annual horizontal hydraulic gradients in the Rio Grande inner valley alluvial aquifer ranged from 0.011 to 0
Um Visitante do Rio de Janeiro Colonial
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jean M. Carvalho França
1997-01-01
Full Text Available O texto que se segue é a tradução de um manuscrito francês, intitulado Relâche du Vaisseau L'Arc-en-ciel à Rio de Janeiro, 1748, que se encontra na Biblioteca da Ajuda, em Lisboa. Trata-se de um relato anônimo, que dá conta da passagem do navio francês L'Arc-en-ciel pelo porto carioca. Tal relato, um curioso documento para a história dos nossos costumes, contém uma descrição da baía da Guanabara e da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, uma pequena análise do caráter da gente portuguesa do Brasil, um perfil do Governador Dom Fernando Freire e algumas considerações gerais sobre a situação do porto local e sobre os víveres disponíveis na região.The following text is a translation of a French manuscript named Relachê du Vaisseau L'Arc-en-ciel à Rio de Janeiro, 1748, which is in Biblioteca da Ajuda (Ajuda Library in Lisbon. It is an anonymous report and relates the stay of the French ship L'Arc-en-ciel in Rio de Janeiro harbour. Such report, a curious document for the history of our customs, has a description of Guanabara bay and Rio de Janeiro city, a brief analysis of the character of the Portuguese people in Brazil, a prolife of Governor Dom Fernando Freire and some considerations of the situation of local harbour and on the provisions available in that region.
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Pokhsraryan, D.
2016-01-01
In the investigation of the fast physical processes, such as propagation of a lightning leader and detection of the correspondent radio emission waveforms, it is crucial to synchronize the corresponding signals in order to be able to create a model of the lightning initiation. Therefore, the DAQ system should be equipped with a GPS synchronization capability. In the presented report, we describe the DAQ system based on a NI-myRio board that provides detection of particle fluxes, the near-surface electric field disturbances and waveforms of radio signals from atmospheric discharges, all synchronized with an accuracy of tens of nanoseconds. The results of the first measurements made at Aragats high-altitude station of Yerevan Physics Institute in Summer-Autumn 2015 are presented and discussed. (author)
Supersonic CO electric-discharge lasers
Hason, R. K.; Mitchner, M.; Stanton, A.
1975-01-01
Laser modeling activity is described which involved addition of an option allowing N2 as a second diatomic gas. This option is now operational and a few test cases involving N2/CO mixtures were run. Results from these initial test cases are summarized. In the laboratory, a CW double-discharge test facility was constructed and tested. Features include: water-cooled removable electrodes, O-ring construction to facilitate cleaning and design modifications, increased discharge length, and addition of a post-discharge observation section. Preliminary tests with this facility using N2 yielded higher power loadings than obtained in the first-generation facility. Another test-section modification, recently made and as yet untested, will permit injection of secondary gases into the cathode boundary layer. The objective will be to vary and enhance the UV emission spectrum from the auxiliary discharge, thereby influencing the level of photoionization in the main discharge region.
The ASDEX Upgrade discharge schedule
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Neu, G.; Engelhardt, K.; Raupp, G.; Treutterer, W.; Zasche, D.; Zehetbauer, T.
2007-01-01
ASDEX Upgrade's recently commissioned discharge control system (DCS) marks the transition from a traditional programmed system to a highly flexible 'data driven' one. The allocation of application processes (APs) to controllers, the interconnection of APs through uniquely named signals, and AP control parameter values are all defined as data, and can easily be adapted to the requirements of a particular discharge. The data is laid down in a set of XML documents which APs request via HTTP from a configuration server before a discharge. The use of XML allows for easy parsing, and structural validation through (XSD) schemas. The central input to the configuration process is the discharge schedule (DS), which embodies the dynamic behaviour of a planned discharge as reference trajectories grouped in segments, concatenated through transition conditions. Editing, generation and validation tools, and version control through CVS allow for efficient management of DSs
The practice of terminal discharge.
Radha Krishna, Lalit Kumar; Murugam, Vengadasalam; Quah, Daniel Song Chiek
2017-01-01
'Terminal discharges' are carried out in Singapore for patients who wish to die at home. However, if due diligence is not exercised, parallels may be drawn with euthanasia. We present a theoretical discussion beginning with the definition of terminal discharges and the reasons why they are carried out in Singapore. By considering the intention behind terminal discharges and utilising a multidisciplinary team to deliberate on the clinical, social and ethical intricacies with a patient- and context-specific approach, euthanasia is avoided. It is hoped that this will provide a platform for professionals in palliative medicine to negotiate challenging issues when arranging a terminal discharge, so as to avoid the pitfall of committing euthanasia in a country such as Singapore where euthanasia is illegal. It is hoped that a set of guidelines for terminal discharges may someday be realised to assist professionals in Singapore and around the world.
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Bedinger, M.S.; Sargent, Kenneth A.; Langer, William H.
1989-01-01
an area with heat flow greater than 2.5 heat-flow units, and a few measurements of this magnitude have been made within the region. Recharge to ground water in the Rio Grande region occurs in the higher altitudes where precipitation is greater, that is, in the San Andres and Sacramento Mountains and on the Chupadera Mesa. Ground-water flows from units west of the San Andres Mountains discharge to the Rio Grande. The ground-water flow unit of the Tularosa basin ultimately discharges to the Rio Grande or to wells in the vicinity of El Paso. Intermediate discharge points in the Tularosa basin include seepage to streams and springs and evaporation to playas in the central part of the basin. Dissolved-solids concentrations in ground water in the region generally are more than 1,000 milligrams per liter, although the dissolved-solids concentrations in ground water in the recharge areas generally are less than 1,000 milligrams per liter. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranging from 3,000 to 25,000 milligrams per liter are found in the ground water underlying the playa area in the central part of the Tularosa basin. More than 40 mining districts occur in the region; they contain base metals and, to a lesser extent, precious metals, in vein and replacement deposits. Four coal fields are located in the region. There has been no significant production of oil, gas, carbon dioxide, or helium in the region. (author)
Laboratórios na Área de Ensino de Línguas
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
José Carlos Paes de Almeida Filho
2017-03-01
Full Text Available O imaginário do laboratório como local de experimentação e invenções acrescentou um sentido novo a esse lugar de nascimento do conhecimento quando o Ensino de Línguas deu a essa palavra o sentido de local de prática de produção automatizadora de uma nova língua nos anos 60 e 70 do século anterior. A realidade metodológica estrutural audiolingual com sua ênfase oral na forma sistêmica rotinizadora para atender princípios psicológicos da superaprendizagem deu as condições necessárias para a invenção do laboratório de línguas que consolidou o nome laboratório associado ao ensino e aprendizagem de idiomas. Passados quase cinquenta anos da introdução do laboratório de línguas, qual o cenário de sentidos de um laboratório para os dias de hoje? Para explorar o arco de sentidos que foram organicamente se condensando na área de Ensino de Línguas e para avaliar os sentidos de lugar e práticas condizentes de um laboratório, sete significados foram reconhecidos na prática contemporânea para que alunos de graduação em Letras (Linguagem, futuros professores e pesquisadores, e mestres já atuando na prática pudessem avaliar as possibilidades de se criar ou manter um laboratório justificável associado ao ensino de línguas.
Geographic distribution of genetic diversity in populations of Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora
Galindo, Rene; Wilson, Wade; Caldwell, Colleen A.
2016-01-01
In the southwestern United States (US), the Rio Grande chub (Gila pandora) is state-listed as a fish species of greatest conservation need and federally listed as sensitive due to habitat alterations and competition with non-native fishes. Characterizing genetic diversity, genetic population structure, and effective number of breeders will assist with conservation efforts by providing a baseline of genetic metrics. Genetic relatedness within and among G. pandora populations throughout New Mexico was characterized using 11 microsatellite loci among 15 populations in three drainage basins (Rio Grande, Pecos, Canadian). Observed heterozygosity (HO) ranged from 0.71–0.87 and was similar to expected heterozygosity (0.75–0.87). Rio Ojo Caliente (Rio Grande) had the highest allelic richness (AR = 15.09), while Upper Rio Bonito (Pecos) had the lowest allelic richness (AR = 6.75). Genetic differentiation existed among all populations with the lowest genetic variation occurring within the Pecos drainage. STRUCTURE analysis revealed seven genetic clusters. Populations of G. pandora within the upper Rio Grande drainage (Rio Ojo Caliente, Rio Vallecitos, Rio Pueblo de Taos) had high levels of admixture with Q-values ranging from 0.30–0.50. In contrast, populations within the Pecos drainage (Pecos River and Upper Rio Bonito) had low levels of admixture (Q = 0.94 and 0.87, respectively). Estimates of effective number of breeders (N b ) varied from 6.1 (Pecos: Upper Rio Bonito) to 109.7 (Rio Grande: Rio Peñasco) indicating that populations in the Pecos drainage are at risk of extirpation. In the event that management actions are deemed necessary to preserve or increase genetic diversity of G. pandora, consideration must be given as to which populations are selected for translocation.
FDX: a fast discharge homopolar generator
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Weldon, W.F.; Rylander, H.G.; Woodson, H.H.
1977-01-01
A study was undertaken to determine the fundamental limitations to the discharge times of homopolar generators. As a result of the study, a Fast Discharge Experiment (FDX) was proposed. FDX is a small (365 kJ), counterrotating disk type homopolar generator designed to explore the limits to homopolar generator discharge times. The FDX rotors are forged aluminum alloy with flame sprayed copper slip rings. Solid copper graphite brushes are used with a 95% packing factor on the slip rings. The high magnetic field required for fast discharge (3.6 T average) is provided by discharging the CEM 5.0 MJ homopolar generator into a four-turn, graphite-reinforced, room temperature copper coil. Since the field is pulsed and FDX rotors cannot be self motored, they are brought up to speed with two 37 kW air turbines. The two aluminum rotors are 30 cm in diameter and of a rimmed, modified constant stress configuration. They are designed for a maximum operating speed of 28,000 r/min at which point they each store 182.5 kJ and develop 104 V. The aluminum discharge coax is approximately 38 cm in diameter and is designed to carry the 1.88 MA anticipated from a half speed (14,000 r/min) short circuit discharge which would stop the rotors in 1.0 ms. It is predicted that the machine will ring on its own internal impedance for approximately five cycles in this mode. The discharge coax is shorted by four very fast making switches. Additional impedance can be introduced into the discharge circuit by extending the switch coaxes to allow full speed 1.4 MA discharges in approximately 3.5 ms
As Redes Sociais no Sector primário
Areias, Marcos André Caetano
2013-01-01
Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estatística e Gestão de Informação A dissertação que de seguida será apresentada enquadra-se no âmbito da importância das redes sociais, enquanto factor de utilização e de trabalho no sector primário. Como tal, tem como objectivo estudar e aprofundar o conhecimento da utilização das redes sociais no sector primário. Desta forma, a dissertação foca-se no estudo das redes sociais no sector primário de três p...
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Manoel F. Gomes Filho
2000-01-01
Full Text Available Apresenta-se, neste trabalho, uma análise estatística baseada em correlações entre as temperaturas globais da superfície do mar (TSM e as descargas do Rio Piancó, no sertão da Paraíba, principal contribuinte do reservatório de Coremas, na região. Os coeficientes globais de correlação foram obtidos entre as temperaturas médias da superfície do mar, para os trimestres de novembro a janeiro e de fevereiro a abril, e as descargas do Rio Piancó no reservatório de Coremas, para cada mês de fevereiro até maio, que compreendem a estação chuvosa na bacia hidrográfica do reservatório. Os resultados mostram correlações significativas entre as TSM das regiões NINO1+2 e NINO3 no Oceano Pacífico. Na área do Atlântico não existe um padrão de correlações bem definido.This paper presents a statistical analysis based on the correlation between the Global Sea Surface Temperatures (SST and the discharge of Piancó river the principal contributor to the Coremas reservoir in the Paraíba State. The global correlation coefficients were obtained between the mean Sea Surface Temperatures (SST for the November to January and February to April trimesters and the volume of water discharged by the Piancó river in the Coremas reservoir for each of the individual months from February to May, the rainy season in the region of the reservoir. The results show the existence of a strong negative correlation between the SST's of the Nino1+2 and Nino3 regions of the Pacific Ocean. For the Atlantic area no well defined pattern of correlation was found.
Early hospital discharge and early puerperal complications.
Ramírez-Villalobos, Dolores; Hernández-Garduño, Adolfo; Salinas, Aarón; González, Dolores; Walker, Dilys; Rojo-Herrera, Guadalupe; Hernández-Prado, Bernardo
2009-01-01
To evaluate the association between time of postpartum discharge and symptoms indicative of complications during the first postpartum week. Women with vaginal delivery at a Mexico City public hospital, without complications before the hospital discharge, were interviewed seven days after delivery. Time of postpartum discharge was classified as early (25 hours). The dependent variable was defined as the occurrence and severity of puerperal complication symptoms. Out of 303 women, 208 (68%) were discharged early. However, women with early discharge and satisfactory prenatal care had lower odds of presenting symptoms in early puerperium than women without early discharge and inadequate prenatal care (OR 0.36; 95% confidence intervals = 0.17-0.76). There was no association between early discharge and symptoms of complications during the first postpartum week; the odds of complications were lower for mothers with early discharge and satisfactory prenatal care.
Neoplasmas do sistema urinário em 113 cães
Inkelmann,Maria Andréia; Kommers,Glaucia Denise; Fighera,Rafael A.; Irigoyen,Luiz Francisco; Barros,Claudio S.L.; Silveira,Isadora P.; Trost,Maria Elisa
2011-01-01
Foram revisados 4.723 protocolos de necropsias de cães realizadas entre janeiro de 1990 e julho de 2010 no LPV-UFSM. Os principais objetivos deste estudo retrospectivo foram determinar a prevalência e os tipos de neoplasmas que ocorreram no sistema urinário. Em 113 (2,4%) dos cães necropsiados, foram diagnosticados 27 neoplasmas primários e 86 metastáticos ou como parte de tumores multicêntricos no sistema urinário. Dos neoplasmas primários, a grande maioria teve origem epitelial. Treze casos...
Treatment of Patients in the Vulnerable Phase (at Discharge or Early After Discharge
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Yuri Lopatin
2017-01-01
Full Text Available The clinical course of heart failure includes a period in which the patient is at increased risk of death or rehospitalisation for HF. This period is termed the “vulnerable phase” and occurs during the peri-acute HF phase, due to microenvironmental changes in the cardiovascular system. Typically, the vulnerability phase starts from the onset of an acute HF event leading to admission, continues through a peri-discharge period and lasts up to 6 months after discharge.These poor post-discharge outcomes also represent a significant socioeconomic burden. This articles reviews treatments that are beneficial in this important phase.
Microwave discharges in capillary tubes
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Dervisevic, Emil
1984-01-01
This research thesis aims at being a contribution to the study of microwave discharge by a surface wave, and more precisely focusses on the discharge in capillary tubes filled with argon. The author first present theoretical models which describe, on the one hand, the propagation of the surface wave along the plasma column, and, on the other hand, longitudinal and radial profiles of the main discharge characteristics. The second part addresses the study of the influence of parameters (gas pressure and tube radius) on discharge operation and characteristics. Laws of similitude as well as empirical relationships between argon I and argon II emission line intensities, electron density, and electric field in the plasma have been established [fr
A Percepção sobre Carreira dos Funcionários de uma Empresa Automotiva do Rio Grande do Sul
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Angela Beatriz Busato Garay
2012-11-01
Full Text Available Os estudos sobre carreira têm se mostrado relevantes na área de gestão de pessoas, entretanto, a maioria das pesquisas relativas ao tema é voltada a gerentes e diretores de grandes corporações. Este artigo, por sua vez, tem como objetivo conhecer a percepção sobre carreira de funcionários das áreas administrativa e de produção de uma empresa automotiva situada na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Esta pesquisa, com abordagem qualitativa, caracteriza-se como um estudo de caso de natureza exploratório-descritiva. O quadro teórico utilizado contempla o contexto histórico das teorias de carreira, suas concepções e significados e sua gestão. Para obtenção dos dados, utilizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com doze funcionários. A escolha dos respondentes considerou que eles não ocupassem cargos de gerência ou direção na organização, bem como seu nível de escolaridade. Os dados obtidos foram analisados quanto ao conteúdo e revelaram que a maioria dos entrevistados entende carreira como sinônimo de evolução ou ascensão profissional. Esses funcionários, de níveis hierárquicos inferiores, relacionam sua permanência na organização ao oferecimento de possibilidades de satisfação pessoal, crescimento e motivação profissional.
Santos Nadja Paraense dos
2004-01-01
Until the present date, historians of science have described inaccurately the first laboratory created in Brazil for establishing and divulging Chemistry, namely the "Laboratório Químico-Prático do Rio de Janeiro". During recent research carried out in the Arquivo do Museu Imperial (Petrópolis, RJ), I localized a document entitled "Ensaio histórico analítico das operações do Laboratório Químico-Prático do Rio de Janeiro", which allowed me to gain the relevant information to correct some of th...
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Gustavo Henrique Gonzaga da Silva
2013-04-01
Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2013v26n3p243 No presente trabalho, apresentamos os primeiros registros das macroalgas Chara indica e Chara zeylanica para o estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, e para o semiárido nordestino. Exemplares de C. indica e C. zeylanica foram coletados nos reservatórios de Santa Cruz e Umari, respectivamente. Ambos os reservatórios estão localizados na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Apodi-Mossoró (oeste do estado, estando inseridos no bioma Caatinga.
Segunda Guerra Mundial, Rio de Janeiro
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Ricardo de Souza Rocha
2007-01-01
Full Text Available The purpose of this paper is to analyze the National Memorial to the World War II Dead (1956-60, a monument designed by Marcos Konder Netto and Hélio Ribas Marinho, and located in Flamengo Park, Rio de Janeiro. We start by commenting on the debates that were going on within the Modernist movement about the need for a new monumentality. Then, we examine the memorial against the urban landscape of Rio de Janeiro and its specific architectural language. Finally, we make an effort to explain the apparent paradox found in modern monuments.
Comparison of glow discharge cleaning with Taylor-type discharge cleaning on JFT-2
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Yokokura, Kenji; Matsuzaki, Yoshimi; Tani, Takashi
1983-01-01
Method of glow discharge cleaning (GDC) was applied to JFT-2 tokamak and the cleaning effect of GDC was compared with that of taylor-type discharge cleaning (TDC) on the same machin. Results show clearly their individual characteristics to remove light impurities. Their abilities of surface cleaning were compared each other by observing cleanliness of sample surfaces with a AES and by measuring decay times of produced gas pressures during discharge cleanings with a mass-analyser. It was shown that TDC method is better by several times than GDC method from a mass-analyser measurement. Moreover discharge cleaning time necessary to reduce light impurities in the normal plasma to a certain level was compared by monitoring time evolution of radiation loss power with a bolometer, and the time by TDC was only one fifth of that by GDC. The advantage of TDC may come from the excellently high hydrogen flux which interacts with the limiter and the wall. (author)
Tschiersch, R.; Nemschokmichal, S.; Bogaczyk, M.; Meichsner, J.
2017-10-01
Single self-stabilized discharge filaments were investigated in the plane-parallel electrode configuration. The barrier discharge was operated inside a gap of 3 mm shielded by glass plates to both electrodes, using helium-nitrogen mixtures and a square-wave feeding voltage at a frequency of 2 kHz. The combined application of electrical measurements, ICCD camera imaging, optical emission spectroscopy and surface charge diagnostics via the electro-optic Pockels effect allowed the correlation of the discharge development in the volume and on the dielectric surfaces. The formation criteria and existence regimes were found by systematic variation of the nitrogen admixture to helium, the total pressure and the feeding voltage amplitude. Single self-stabilized discharge filaments can be operated over a wide parameter range, foremost, by significant reduction of the voltage amplitude after the operation in the microdischarge regime. Here, the outstanding importance of the surface charge memory effect on the long-term stability was pointed out by the recalculated spatio-temporally resolved gap voltage. The optical emission revealed discharge characteristics that are partially reminiscent of both the glow-like barrier discharge and the microdischarge regime, such as a Townsend pre-phase, a fast cathode-directed ionization front during the breakdown and radially propagating surface discharges during the afterglow.
Ballooning stability of JET discharges
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Huysmans, G.T.A.; Goedbloed, J.P.; Galvao, R.M.O.; Lazzaro, E.; Smeulders, P.
1989-01-01
Conditions under which ballooning modes are expected to be excited have recently been obtained in two different types of discharges in JET. In the first type, extremely large pressure gradients have been produced in the plasma core through pellet injections in the current rise phase followed by strong additional heating. In the second type, the total pressure of the discharge is approaching the Troyon limit. The stability of these discharges with respect to the ideal MHD ballooning modes has been studied with the stability code HBT. The equilibria are reconstructed with the IDENTC code using the external magnetic measurements and the experimental pressure profile. The results show that the evaluated high beta discharge is unstable in the central region of the plasma. This instability is related to the low shear and not to a large pressure gradient, as expected at the Troyon limit. In the pellet discharges the regions with the large pressure gradients are unstable to ballooning modes at the time of the beta decay, which ends the period of enhanced performance. The maximum pressure gradient in these discharges is limited by the boundary of the first region of stability. The observed phenomena at the beta decay are similar to those observed at the beta limit in DIII-D and TFTR. (author)
On regulation of radioactive airborne discharge
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Stroganov, A.A.; Kuryndin, A.V.; Shapovalov, A.S.; Orlov, M.Yu.
2013-01-01
Authors present the Russian regulatory basis of radioactive airborne discharges which was updated after enactment of the Methodology for airborne discharge limits development. Criteria for establishing of airborne discharge limits, scope and other features of methodology are also considered in the article [ru
Numerical simulation of transitions between back discharge regimes
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Jansky, Jaroslav; Lemont, Florent; Bessieres, Delphine; Paillol, Jean
2014-01-01
This paper presents numerical simulations of transitions between back discharge regimes. Back discharge refers to any discharge initiated at or near a dielectric layer covering a passive electrode. In this work, a pinhole in a dielectric layer on a plane anode serves as a model for back discharge activity. We have studied transitions between back discharge regimes by varying the surface charge density on the dielectric layer and the electric field in front of the pinhole. From the variation of these two independent parameters, the back discharge regimes have been depicted as a mode diagram inspired by the experimental study of Masuda and Mizuno. The resulting diagram includes the different discharge regimes that are commonly observed in experiments. The propagation of a positive ionizing wave inside the pinhole toward its edge, and the resulting formation of a plasma zone at its exit constitute the onset stage of back discharge. From this stage, the transitions to volume discharge or surface discharge can occur. The volume discharge regime consists of the propagation of a discharge in space toward the cathode which can be superimposed with the propagation of a discharge above the dielectric layer surface. The diagram reveals the conditions for transitions between back discharge regimes. (authors)
Capacitor discharges, magnetohydrodynamics, X-rays, ultrasonics
Früngel, Frank B A
1965-01-01
High Speed Pulse Technology, Volume 1: Capacitor Discharges - Magnetohydrodynamics - X-Rays - Ultrasonics deals with the theoretical and engineering problems that arise in the capacitor discharge technique.This book discusses the characteristics of dielectric material, symmetrical switch tubes with mercury filling, and compensation conductor forms. The transformed discharge for highest current peaks, ignition transformer for internal combustion engines, and X-ray irradiation of subjects in mechanical motion are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the transformed capacitor discharge in w
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Norma Arana Flores
2013-12-01
Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el índice de mortalidad en un cultivo del camarón gigante de agua dulce (Macrobrachium rosenbergii; para ello se acondicionaron 1000 post larvas con peso y longitud promedio de 0,2 g y 2 cm, respectivamente, en un estanque de tierra de 200m2 de espejo de agua, a una densidad de siembra de 5 ind/m2, el alimento suministrado fue de tipo extruzado con 35% PB para el primer mes; posteriormente se suministró una ración con 32% PB hasta el final, la frecuencia alimenticia fue de 3 veces/día los dos primeros meses, reajustándose a 2 veces/día los dos siguientes meses; la tasa alimenticia varió entre 13 y 3,5%; las evaluaciones biométricas se realizaron cada 10 días. Los parámetros limnológicos como temperatura, transparencia, OD, pH, CO2 y dureza se registraron cada 15 días. Los índices de crecimiento aplicados fueron ganancia de peso, ganancia de longitud, ICAA, TCE y supervivencia. Los resultados registran una ganancia en peso y longitud de 27,24 g y 12,37 cm; el incremento de peso y longitud diario en promedio fue de 0,23 g y 0,12cm; ICAA 3,30, TCE 3,59%; sobrevivencia 95%, índice de mortalidad 5%. El análisis limnológico registró variaciones mínimas que no influenciaron negativamente sobre el crecimiento y sobrevivencia de los camarones; la correlación entre el peso y longitud registra una relación positiva, con un nivel de correlación muy buena.
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Norma Arana Flores
2013-12-01
Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el índice de mortalidad en un cultivo del camarón gigante de agua dulce (Macrobrachium rosenbergii; para ello se acondicionaron 1000 post larvas con peso y longitud promedio de 0,2 g y 2 cm, respectivamente, en un estanque de tierra de 200m2 de espejo de agua, a una densidad de siembra de 5 ind/m2, el alimento suministrado fue de tipo extruzado con 35% PB para el primer mes; posteriormente se suministró una ración con 32% PB hasta el final, la frecuencia alimenticia fue de 3 veces/día los dos primeros meses, reajustándose a 2 veces/día los dos siguientes meses; la tasa alimenticia varió entre 13 y 3,5%; las evaluaciones biométricas se realizaron cada 10 días. Los parámetros limnológicos como temperatura, transparencia, OD, pH, CO2 y dureza se registraron cada 15 días. Los índices de crecimiento aplicados fueron ganancia de peso, ganancia de longitud, ICAA, TCE y supervivencia. Los resultados registran una ganancia en peso y longitud de 27,24 g y 12,37 cm; el incremento de peso y longitud diario en promedio fue de 0,23 g y 0,12cm; ICAA 3,30, TCE 3,59%; sobrevivencia 95%, índice de mortalidad 5%. El análisis limnológico registró variaciones mínimas que no influenciaron negativamente sobre el crecimiento y sobrevivencia de los camarones; la correlación entre el peso y longitud registra una relación positiva, con un nivel de correlación muy buena.
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Grimpe, Christoph; Mitchell, Jessica
The 2015 series of RIO Country Reports analyse and assess the policy and the national research and innovation system developments in relation to national policy priorities and the EU policy agenda with special focus on ERA and Innovation Union. The executive summaries of these reports put forward...
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Juliana Possavatz
2014-01-01
Full Text Available O rio Cuiabá é um importante tributário do rio Paraguai, cuja bacia é de grande importância por agasalhar o Pantanal, a maior área úmida do planeta. A base econômica da bacia hidrográfica do rio Cuiabá é a produção agrícola e pecuária que, para manter elevada produtividade, requer grandes quantidades de insumos agrícolas como os pesticidas que, podem atingir diversos ambientes devido aos processos de dispersão que ocorrem após sua introdução no ambiente. Os sedimentos desempenham importante papel para a caracterização da poluição de rios devido a seu potencial de acumulação de poluentes. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a contaminação por pesticidas usados nas lavouras plantadas na bacia do rio Cuiabá, MT. Para tanto, amostras de sedimento de fundo foram coletadas mensalmente de agosto de 2011 a julho de 2012. Para a determinação dos pesticidas atrazina, cipermetrina, clorpirifós, endossulfam (α, β e seu metabólito endossulfam sulfato, lambda-cialotrina, malationa, metolacloro, metribuzim, parationa metílica, permetrina e trifuralina no sedimento utilizou-se método multirresíduo que consiste na extração sólido-líquido por agitação mecânica seguida de purificação por extração líquido-líquido e identificação e quantificação por cromatografia a gás acoplada a espectrometria de massas. Resíduos de pesticidas foram identificados em amostras coletadas em agosto e setembro de 2011 e janeiro, fevereiro, abril e julho de 2012, em concentrações variando de 5,7 a 79,3 µg kg-1 . Embora a frequência de detecção tenha sido baixa, esses resultados indicam que há potencial de transporte de pesticidas usados na bacia do rio Cuiabá e seus tributários atingindo o Pantanal.
USO DE RESERVATÓRIOS DOMICILIARES E CONHECIMENTO DA POPULAÇÃO
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Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini CAMPOS
2009-07-01
Full Text Available
A água destinada ao consumo humano deve ser adequada para a manutenção da saúde e para isso não só o tratamento mas também o armazenamento da água deve ser realizado de maneira adequada. Como os reservatórios domiciliares podem atuar como fator deteriorador, realizou-se um inquérito com 74 moradores da cidade de Araraquara visando obter informaçãoes sobre o conhecimento da finalidade e os cuidados despendidos à limpeza dos reservatórios. Os resultados monstraram que 67,6% dos entrevistados conheciam a finalidade dos reservatórios e apenas 59,5% realizavam limpeza periódica. Apesar de 94,6% saberem da necessidade das limpezas 40% justificaram não fazê-las devido as dificuldades de acesso e 53,3% por outros motivos. A classe social foi estimada através de questionário padrão e os dados obtidos avaliados estatisticamente. Dos cruzamentos apenas o estado de conservação do reservatório por classe social foi significativo. Os resutados demonstram portanto que os cuidados necessários à manutenção da qualidade da água não estão sendo observados e que campanhas de informação e esclarecimento devem ser realizadas para evitar a deterioração da qualidade da água armazenada nos reservatórios domiciliares. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Reservatório domiciliar e qualidade da água.
Thibault, James R.; Cleverly, James R.; Dahm, Clifford N.
2017-12-01
Hydrological processes drive the ecological functioning and sustainability of cottonwood-dominated riparian ecosystems in the arid southwestern USA. Snowmelt runoff elevates groundwater levels and inundates floodplains, which promotes cottonwood germination. Once established, these phreatophytes rely on accessible water tables (WTs). In New Mexico's Middle Rio Grande corridor diminished flooding and deepening WTs threaten native riparian communities. We monitored surface flows and riparian WTs for up to 14 years, which revealed that WTs and surface flows, including peak snowmelt discharge, respond to basin climate conditions and resource management. WT hydrographs influence the composition of riparian communities and can be used to assess if potential restoration sites meet native vegetation tolerances for WT depths, rates of recession, and variability throughout their life stages. WTs were highly variable in some sites, which can preclude native vegetation less adapted to deep drawdowns during extended droughts. Rates of WT recession varied between sites and should be assessed in regard to recruitment potential. Locations with relatively shallow WTs and limited variability are likely to be more viable for successful restoration. Suitable sites have diminished greatly as the once meandering Rio Grande has been constrained and depleted. Increasing demands on water and the presence of invasive vegetation better adapted to the altered hydrologic regime further impact native riparian communities. Long-term monitoring over a range of sites and hydroclimatic extremes reveals attributes that can be evaluated for restoration potential.
A atuação do Observatório Nacional registrada nos relatórios ministeriais 1889 a 1930
Rodrigues, T.
2003-08-01
O período republicano até 1930 foi marcante na história do Observatório Nacional. Diversas reformas levaram a instituição a três ministérios diferentes e mudaram a ênfase do seu trabalho. A tão aguardada mudança para uma nova sede, em São Cristóvão, em 1920, não foi suficiente para que a instituição acompanhasse o ritmo tomado pela astronomia no mundo e se firmasse como ambiente de pesquisa. Uma análise simplificada poderia caracterizar um período de produção científica insignificante, dado o distanciamento da instituição dos novos rumos da astrofísica e da rápida inovação dos instrumentos, além do pequeno volume de publicações. Era uma época em que ainda não existiam os mecanismos formais de apoio e avaliação da atividade científica. Esse trabalho procura identificar a real atividade do Observatório no conteúdo dos Relatórios Ministeriais que, ao final de cada ano, apresentava as atividades, sucessos e problemas enfrentados pela instituição. Questões como instrumental e recursos humanos necessários; entraves burocráticos e financeiros; e articulações com outros observatórios se complementaram entre si ao longo desses anos para definir o perfil institucional e alguns aspectos fundamentais para a construção da astronomia no país. É possível concluir que a ênfase em serviços geográficos e de meteorologia, ao lado da inadequação dos instrumentos e do local, quase fizeram desaparecer a pesquisa em astronomia. Porém, vale destacar a sobrevivência de alguns trabalhos, como, por exemplo, variação de latitude e observação de estrelas duplas que mantiveram importante intercâmbio com outros grupos de pesquisa, demonstrando o constante esforço dos astrônomos e das diretorias em defesa da atividade científica.
A introdução da matemática moderna no Ciclo Preparatório do Ensino Secundário em Portugal
Bento, Marta Alexandra Marques
2012-01-01
Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Ensino da Matemática Com o presente estudo pretende-se estudar a introdução do programa de Matemática Moderna no contexto da criação do novo Ciclo Preparatório do Ensino Secundário, através da visão do Inspetor Joaquim Simões Redinha, sendo por isso necessário reunir e digitalizar documentação relativa aos primeiros anos do referido ciclo e obter notas sobre o percurso profissional e perspetivas do supramencionado inspetor. Pretende-se aind...
Violência e sofrimento social no itinerário de travestis de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Martha Helena Teixeira de Souza
2015-04-01
Full Text Available No ano de 2012, realizamos pesquisa etnográfica com travestis de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, por meio de observação participante, entrevistas e acompanhamento de suas vidas cotidianas. Durante esse período, percebemos que as violências física e simbólica e o sofrimento delas decorrentes eram invariantes, condição com a qual tinham que lidar em seus itinerários, em suas práticas e afazeres diários. Este artigo discute as violências vivenciadas nas trajetórias percorridas pelas travestis (família, escola, delegacias, serviços de saúde, procurando, sobretudo, compreender como tais violências estão relacionadas às experiências nos serviços de saúde e como os serviços de saúde por elas acessados reagiram às violências.
32 CFR 724.117 - Discharge review.
2010-07-01
... 32 National Defense 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Discharge review. 724.117 Section 724.117 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY PERSONNEL NAVAL DISCHARGE REVIEW BOARD Definitions § 724.117 Discharge review. A nonadversary administrative reappraisal at the level of...
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Stoffels, W W; Nimalasuriya, T; Flikweert, A J; Mulders, H C J
2007-01-01
The most common man-made discharge is a lamp. Even though lamps are often considered a mature technology, the discharge physics is often poorly understood. Two recent initiatives discussed here show that plasma research can help to make significant improvements. First we discuss color separation in metal halide lamps, which is a problem that prevents these highly efficient lamps from being used in more applications. Secondly a novel lamp concept is presented that may replace the current mercury based fluorescent lamps
Andreia Cardoso da Silva
2009-01-01
A preocupação com recursos hídricos tem sido crescente em meios urbanos. O despejo de resíduos sólidos em rios é comum por populações ribeirinhas, favorecendo a ocorrência de enchentes, a proliferação de vetores e doenças e o desprezo da comunidade pelos rios. Nesse contexto, programas que relacionam lixo, recursos hídricos e população ribeirinha têm sido objeto de várias iniciativas governamentais. Este trabalho busca avaliar uma delas: o Programa Municipal de valorização de r...
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Enchevich, I.B. [TRIUMF, Cyclotron Div., Vancouver, British Columbia (Canada); Korenev, S.A. [JINR, Hihg Energy Physics Lab., Dubna, Moscow (Russian Federation)
1992-07-01
A new scheme of ion source based on a dielectric surface sliding discharge is described. The conditions to form this type of discharge are analyzed and experimental results are shown. The main parameters of this ion source are: accelerating voltage U = 1/20kV; continuous extracted ion beam; current density j = 0.01/0.5 A/cm{sup 2}; ions of Cl, F, C, H; residual gas pressure P = 10{sup -6} Torr. A magnetic system is used to separate the different types of ions. The dielectric material in the discharge circuit (anode plasma emitter) defines the type of ions. The emission characteristics of plasma emitter and the discharge parameters are presented. The ion current yield satisfies the Child-Langmuir law. (author)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Enchevich, I.B.; Korenev, S.A.
1992-07-01
A new scheme of ion source based on a dielectric surface sliding discharge is described. The conditions to form this type of discharge are analyzed and experimental results are shown. The main parameters of this ion source are: accelerating voltage U = 1/20kV; continuous extracted ion beam; current density j = 0.01/0.5 A/cm 2 ; ions of Cl, F, C, H; residual gas pressure P = 10 -6 Torr. A magnetic system is used to separate the different types of ions. The dielectric material in the discharge circuit (anode plasma emitter) defines the type of ions. The emission characteristics of plasma emitter and the discharge parameters are presented. The ion current yield satisfies the Child-Langmuir law. (author)
Dicarboxylic acids from electric discharge
Zeitman, B.; Chang, S.; Lawless, J. G.
1974-01-01
An investigation was conducted concerning the possible synthesis of a suite of dicarboxylic acids similar to that found in the Murchison meteorite. The investigation included the conduction of a chemical evolution experiment which simulated electric discharge through the primitive atmosphere of the earth. The suite of dicarboxylic acids obtained in the electric discharge experiment is similar to that of the Murchison meteorite, except for the fact that 2-chlorosuccinic acid is present in the spark discharge.
Daniel J. Koning,; Aby, Scott B.; Grauch, V. J.; Matthew J. Zimmerer,
2016-01-01
-modulated hydrologic factors (i.e., variable sediment supply and water discharge) or a reduction of eastward tilt rates of the southern San Luis Basin half graben. If regional in extent, these phenomena could also have promoted fluvial spillover that occurred in the southern Albuquerque Basin at about 6–5 Ma, resulting in southward expansion of the Rio Grande to southern New Mexico.
Crianças em situação de violência de um ambulatório do Rio de Janeiro: conhecendo seu perfil
Pierantoni, Lucia Martins de Magalhães; Cabral, Ivone Evangelista
2009-01-01
Buscou-se caracterizar as crianças envolvidas em situação de violência e seus familiares, e analisar o papel social do agressor/protetor no círculo da violência. Estudo quantitativo descritivo foi desenvolvido no Ambulatório da Família de um Hospital do Rio de Janeiro, entre 2006 e 2007. Dados do prontuário de 44 crianças demonstraram intensa relação entre pobreza, baixa escolaridade e gênero na matriz social da violência. Houve maior registro de meninos (64%) expostos a violência do que meni...
Radio frequency discharge with dust particles
Chutov, Y. I.; W. J. Goedheer,; Kravchenko, O. Y.; Zuz, V. M.; Yan, M.; Martins, R.; Ferreira, I.; Fortunato, E.; Kroesen, G.
2000-01-01
A 1D PIC/MCC method has been developed for computer simulations of low-pressure RF discharges with dust particles using the method for dust-free discharges. A RF discharge in argon with dust particles distributed uniformly in the interelectrode gap is simulated at parameters providing a possibility
Glow discharge in singlet oxygen
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Vagin, N.P.; Ionin, A.A.; Klimachev, Yu.M.; Sinitsyn, D.V.; Yuryshev, N.N.; Kochetov, I.V.; Napartovich, A.P.
2003-01-01
Currently, there is no experimental data on the plasma balance in gas mixtures with a high content of singlet delta oxygen O 2 ( 1 Δ g ). These data can be obtained by studying the parameters of an electric discharge in singlet oxygen produced by a chemical generator. The O 2 ( 1 Δ g ) molecules significantly change the kinetics of electrons and negative ions in plasma. Hence, the discharge conditions at low and high O 2 ( 1 Δ g ) concentrations are very different. Here, the parameters of the positive column of a glow discharge in a gas flow from a chemical singlet-oxygen generator are studied. It is experimentally shown that, at an O 2 ( 1 Δ g ) concentration of 50% and at pressures of 1.5 and 2 torr, the electric field required to sustain the discharge is considerably lower than in the case when all of the oxygen molecules are in the ground state. A theoretical model of the glow discharge is proposed whose predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data
Leonardo Aguirra de Andrade
2014-01-01
O presente estudo analisa os contornos da estruturação elusiva de atos e negócios jurídicos no Direito Tributário brasileiro. Inicialmente, busca-se definir o conceito de planejamento tributário, abordando as diferentes noções de elisão fiscal, elusão fiscal e evasão fiscal, bem como os critérios contemplados pela doutrina brasileira de Direito Tributário para distinguir as condutas oponíveis e inoponíveis ao Fisco. Para melhor compreensão dos limites da conduta elusiva, examinam-se os princí...
Recent trends on electrical discharge technologies
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Nakano, Toshiki
2007-01-01
Recent trends on the research activities of electrical-discharge-related technologies are summarized as well as the policies of the technical committee on electrical discharges (TC-ED) of IEEJ. First, the present situation of electrical discharge research is mentioned by referring to the major subjects which TC-ED is responsible to cover. As an example of the increasingly widespread use of electrical discharge technologies, vacuum electrical insulation in a neutral beam injection system of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) device is presented. (author)
Para que servem os inventários de fauna?
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Luís Fábio Silveira
2010-01-01
Full Text Available Inventários de fauna acessam diretamente a diversidade de uma localidade, em um determinado espaço e tempo. Os dados primários gerados pelos inventários compõem uma das ferramentas mais importantes na tomada de decisões a respeito do manejo de áreas naturais. Entretanto, vários problemas têm sido observados em diversos níveis relacionados aos inventários de fauna no Brasil e vão desde a formação de recursos humanos até a ausência de padronização, de desenho experimental e de seleção de métodos inadequados. São apresentados estudos de caso com mamíferos, répteis, anfíbios e peixes, nos quais são discutidos problemas como variabilidade temporal e métodos para detecção de fauna terrestre, sugerindo que tanto os inventários quanto os programas de monitoramento devam se estender por prazos maiores e que os inventários devem incluir diferentes metodologias para que os seus objetivos sejam plenamente alcançados.Inventories of fauna directly access the diversity of a locality in a certain period of time. The primary data generated by these inventories comprise one of the most important steps in decisions making regarding the management of natural areas. However, several problems have been observed at different levels related to inventories of fauna in Brazil, and range from the training of humans to the lack of standardization of experimental design and selection of inappropriate methods. We present case studies of mammals, reptiles, amphibians and fishes, where they discussed issues such temporal variability and methods for detection of terrestrial fauna, suggesting that both inventories and monitoring programs should be extended for longer terms and that inventories should include different methodologies to ensure that their goals are fully achieved.
Meliponiculture in Rio Grande do Norte
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Ulysses Madureira Maia
2015-12-01
Full Text Available ABSTRACT. Maia U.M., Jaffe R., Carvalho A.T. & Imperatriz-Fonseca V.L. [Meliponiculture in Rio Grande do Norte.] Meliponicultura no Rio Grande do Norte. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 37(4:327-333, 2015. Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-901, Brasil. E-mail: ummaia@usp.br This study aimed to assess the current status of stingless bee beekeeping (meliponiculture in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, with the aid of structured questionnaires made during visits to beekeepers. The results were compared with a previous census made in the state and with a similar study from Australia. Meliponiculture in Rio Grande do Norte is still informal and little standardized. The activity has grown in recent years considering the mean number of nests per beekeeper. Most apiaries are formed of up to 50 colonies, usually distributed in the backyards of homes. Twelve species of stingless bees were reared in the state, and the most common was the “Jandaíra” bee (Melipona subnitida, whose honey is considered medicinal. While many beekeepers already know the importance of bees as pollinators, stingless bees are still not used for crop pollination. Compared to a recent analysis of beekeeping in Australia, meliponiculture in Brazil is more traditional, honey is the main product and the number of colonies per beekeeper is much higher. Our results highlight the need to reinforce knowledge about bees and promote specific training aimed at improving and standardizing management practices.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Moisés Batista da Silva
2016-01-01
Full Text Available O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentarresultados da pesquisa sobre os termos usados na Indústriado sal, em três municípios que fazem parte da região salineirado Rio Grande do Norte. Primeiramente, abordamosas diferentes ciências do Léxico estudadas por Boutin--Quesnel (1985, Barbosa (1994,1995, Barros (2004,dando ênfase maior nas orientações teórico-metodológicasda Socioterminologia (FAULSTICH, 1995, 1996, 1998,2006. Em seguida, expomos os procedimentos tanto dametodologia de campo quanto da metodologia da organizaçãodo Glossário da Terminologia do Sal - GLOSSAL(SILVA, 2007. Depois, apresentamos uma amostra dosverbetes, as análises feitas a partir desse repertório e, porfim, as considerações finais quanto aos fatos linguísticos,observados nesse glossário. Desse modo, essa pesquisa sejustifica por possibilitar a divulgação de um produto terminográficodestinado, não só aos especialistas e pesquisadoresdas Ciências do Léxico, como também ao grandepúblico e aos interessados em aprofundar seus estudos naterminologia do sal.Palavras-chave: Sal. Indústria do Sal. Terminologia. Socioterminologia.Glossário.
Sedimentation in Rio La Venta Canyon in Netzahualcoyotl Reservoir, Chiapas, Mexico
de La Fuente, J. A.; Lisle, T.; Velasquez, J.; Allison, B. L.; Miller, A.
2002-12-01
Sedimentation of Rio La Venta as it enters the Netzahualcoyotl Reservoir in Chiapas, Mexico, threatens a unique part of the aquatic ecosystem. Rio La Venta enters the reservoir via a narrow canyon about 16 km long with spectacular, near-vertical limestone bluffs up to 320 m high and inhabited by the flora and fauna of a pristine tropical forest. Karst terrain underlies most of the Rio La Venta basin in the vicinity of the reservoir, while deeply weathered granitic terrain underlies the Rio Negro basin, and the headwaters of the Rio La Venta to the south. The Rio Negro joins Rio La Venta 3 km downstream of the upper limit of the reservoir and delivers the bulk of the total clastic sediment (mostly sand and finer material). The canyon and much of the contributing basin lie within the Reserva de la Biosfera, Selva El Ocote, administered by the Comision Nacional de Areas Naturales Protegidas, part of the Secretaria de Medioambiente y Recursos Naturales. The Klamath National Forest Forest has cooperated with its Mexican counterparts since 1993 in natural resource management, neo-tropical bird inventories, wildfire management, and more recently in watershed analyses. Rates of sedimentation are estimated from bathymetric surveys conducted in March, 2002. A longitudinal profile down the inundated canyon during a high reservoir level shows an inflection from a slope of 0.0017 to one of 0.0075 at 7.2 km downstream of the mouth of Rio Negro. The bed elevation at this point corresponds to the lowest reservoir level, suggesting that the gentler sloping bed upstream is formed by fluvial processes during drawdown and that downstream by pluvial processes. Using accounts that boats could access Rio Negro during low water levels in 1984, we estimate an annual sedimentation rate of roughly 3 million cubic meters per year. This suggests that boats might no longer be able to access the most spectacular section of canyon upstream of Rio Negro within a decade, depending on how the
Investigations into electrical discharges in gases
Klyarfel'D, B N
2013-01-01
Investigations into Electrical Discharges in Gases is a compilation of scientific articles that covers the advances in the investigation of the fundamental processes occurring in electrical discharges in gases and vapors. The book details the different aspects of the whole life cycle of an arc, which include the initiation of a discharge, its transition into an arc, the lateral spread of the arc column, and the recovery of electric strength after extinction of an arc. The text also discusses the methods for the dynamic measurement of vapor density in the vicinity of electrical discharges, alon
Development of Partial Discharging Simulation Test Equipment
Kai, Xue; Genghua, Liu; Yan, Jia; Ziqi, Chai; Jian, Lu
2017-12-01
In the case of partial discharge training for recruits who lack of on-site work experience, the risk of physical shock and damage of the test equipment may be due to the limited skill level and improper operation by new recruits. Partial discharge simulation tester is the use of simulation technology to achieve partial discharge test process simulation, relatively true reproduction of the local discharge process and results, so that the operator in the classroom will be able to get familiar with and understand the use of the test process and equipment.The teacher sets up the instrument to display different partial discharge waveforms so that the trainees can analyze the test results of different partial discharge types.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Letícia Ferreira Tavares
2014-09-01
Full Text Available Analisou-se a validade relativa dos indicadores de atividade física do questionário utilizado na Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE entre adolescentes da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Foram estudados 174 alunos. Avaliaram-se os seguintes indicadores referentes ao tempo semanal acumulado com a prática de atividade física: ATIVO-300MIN (acumulou 300 minutos ou mais; ATIVO-150MIN (acumulou 150 minutos ou mais; INATIVO (não praticou atividade física. Também foram estudados os indicadores de comportamento sedentário referentes ao tempo diário despendido assistindo TV, jogando videogame e usando computador. Foram comparados os resultados do questionário e dos três recordatórios de 24 horas. Os resultados de ATIVO-300MIN, ATIVO-150MIN e INATIVO gerados pela PeNSE apresentaram alta acurácia. Esses indicadores tiveram melhor desempenho que os de comportamento sedentário, tanto em relação às estimativas de frequência quanto em relação à sensibilidade, especificidade e índice de acurácia. Os indicadores de atividade física da PeNSE apresentaram validade relativa satisfatória.
Indicação de exames pré-operatórios segundo critérios clínicos: necessidade de supervisão
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Aline Pallaoro Garcia
2014-01-01
Full Text Available Justificativa e objetivos: a solicitação indiscriminada de exames complementares na avaliação pré-anestésica é comum na prática clínica e implica custos adicionais e a possibilidade de resultados falso-positivos. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram analisar se os exames pré-operatórios em cirurgias eletivas são solicitados segundo critério clínico e avaliar os custos desnecessários para a instituição. Métodos: foram avaliadas as solicitações de exames pré-operatórios em pacientes adultos submetidos a cirurgias eletivas não cardíacas. Os exames foram solicitados pelos cirurgiões, conforme protocolo do Serviço de Anestesia. Foram avaliados dados demográficos, estado físico, comorbidades e tipo de exame complementar solicitado. Os exames feitos foram comparados com os exames indicados. O custo dos exames foi baseado na tabela Datasus. Resultados: foram avaliados 1.063 pacientes. Verificou-se que 41,9% dos exames feitos nos pacientes classificados como ASA I não estavam indicados. No grupo de risco ASA II foram feitos 442 exames (17,72% sem necessidade. Perceberam-se elevadas porcentagens na solicitação de hemograma, creatinina, coagulograma, raios X de tórax e ECG nos grupos ASA I-II. Apenas 40 (5,25% dos exames feitos no grupo ASA III não estavam indicados. Nos pacientes do grupo ASA IV, 22,5% dos exames necessários não foram feitos. Ressalta-se uma economia anual de 13% (R$1.923,13 caso os exames fossem feitos conforme o protocolo. Conclusões: os exames pré-operatórios nem sempre são solicitados de acordo com critérios clínicos, o que resulta em maiores custos para a instituição.
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Reichen, P; Sonnenfeld, A; Rohr, Rudolf Ph von
2010-01-01
A detailed study of a description method for microdischarges based on the statistical analysis of single discharge bursts is presented and applied for small electrode arrays. As such, the electrical properties derived from the collective behaviour of the current bursts for microdischarges in helium and synthetic air for different pressure levels and variable voltage gradients are elaborately discussed. Motivated by the possible prolongation of the displacement distance of active species and thus the improved development of an atmospheric afterglow in a low frequency discharge, the interaction between high-speed gas flows and microdischarges in small ducts has been approached presenting first results. Intentionally, gases with different discharge mechanisms known as streamer (synthetic air) and Townsend (helium) have been considered. Similar velocity dependences of the discharge behaviour could be observed in both gases. For helium, subsonic channel velocity is sufficient to distinctively alter the discharge characteristics whereas transonic flow is needed to alter those of synthetic air. Subsequently, a simple model is proposed to explain these findings for elevated velocities in a dielectric setup.
Numerical investigation of dielectric barrier discharges
Li, Jing
1997-12-01
A dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is a transient discharge occurring between two electrodes in coaxial or planar arrangements separated by one or two layers of dielectric material. The charge accumulated on the dielectric barrier generates a field in a direction opposite to the applied field. The discharge is quenched before an arc is formed. It is one of the few non-thermal discharges that operates at atmospheric pressure and has the potential for use in pollution control. In this work, a numerical model of the dielectric barrier discharge is developed, along with the numerical approach. Adaptive grids based on the charge distribution is used. A self-consistent method is used to solve for the electric field and charge densities. The Successive Overrelaxation (SOR) method in a non-uniform grid spacing is used to solve the Poisson's equation in the cylindrically-symmetric coordinate. The Flux Corrected Transport (FCT) method is modified to solve the continuity equations in the non-uniform grid spacing. Parametric studies of dielectric barrier discharges are conducted. General characteristics of dielectric barrier discharges in both anode-directed and cathode-directed streamer are studied. Effects of the dielectric capacitance, the applied field, the resistance in external circuit and the type of gases (O2, air, N2) are investigated. We conclude that the SOR method in an adaptive grid spacing for the solution of the Poisson's equation in the cylindrically-symmetric coordinate is convergent and effective. The dielectric capacitance has little effect on the g-factor of radical production, but it determines the strength of the dielectric barrier discharge. The applied field and the type of gases used have a significant role on the current peak, current pulse duration and radical generation efficiency, discharge strength, and microstreamer radius, whereas the external series resistance has very little effect on the streamer properties. The results are helpful in
Reconstruction of North American drainage basins and river discharge since the Last Glacial Maximum
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A. D. Wickert
2016-11-01
Full Text Available Over the last glacial cycle, ice sheets and the resultant glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA rearranged river systems. As these riverine threads that tied the ice sheets to the sea were stretched, severed, and restructured, they also shrank and swelled with the pulse of meltwater inputs and time-varying drainage basin areas, and sometimes delivered enough meltwater to the oceans in the right places to influence global climate. Here I present a general method to compute past river flow paths, drainage basin geometries, and river discharges, by combining models of past ice sheets, glacial isostatic adjustment, and climate. The result is a time series of synthetic paleohydrographs and drainage basin maps from the Last Glacial Maximum to present for nine major drainage basins – the Mississippi, Rio Grande, Colorado, Columbia, Mackenzie, Hudson Bay, Saint Lawrence, Hudson, and Susquehanna/Chesapeake Bay. These are based on five published reconstructions of the North American ice sheets. I compare these maps with drainage reconstructions and discharge histories based on a review of observational evidence, including river deposits and terraces, isotopic records, mineral provenance markers, glacial moraine histories, and evidence of ice stream and tunnel valley flow directions. The sharp boundaries of the reconstructed past drainage basins complement the flexurally smoothed GIA signal that is more often used to validate ice-sheet reconstructions, and provide a complementary framework to reduce nonuniqueness in model reconstructions of the North American ice-sheet complex.
Rio Chama Floodplain Management Study
Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico — The Village of Chama requested the Soil Conservation Service, through the Upper Chama Soil and Water Conservation District, to conduct a study of the Rio Chama and...
Hazardous gas treatment by atmospheric discharges
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mizeraczyk, J.
2005-01-01
The emissions of NO x ; SO x , CO 2 and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including fluorocarbons to the atmosphere influence heavily our environment, NO x and SO x emitted to the atmosphere are the major cause of acid rains, while CO 2 and VOCs emissions cause the greenhouse effect which leads to abnormal global heating of the atmosphere and creating in a temperature inversion layer that traps gaseous pollutants. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in controlling these emissions. A new technique, which uses the plasma processes induced by energetic electrons, emerges as one of the most effective methods of reducing concentrations of the emitted gaseous pollutants. Various plasma techniques have been tested for gaseous pollution control. The electron bean irradiation was found to be physically and economically efficient for NO x and SO x reduction in the exhaust gases from electrical and heat power plants. The capability of the non-thermal plasmas, produced in atmospheric pressure electrical discharges, for decomposition of the gaseous pollutants has been widely tested. These atmospheric pressure electrical discharges are dielectric barrier discharges, pulsed and de corona discharges (in the reactors with the point-to-plate, wire-cylinder and wire-plate geometries, in the reactors with flow stabilized corona torch and corona radical shower), gliding discharges, inductively coupled high-frequency discharges, ac surface discharges, ac discharges in the packed bed reactors, and microwave torch discharges. In this paper, after reviewing the methods and devices used for producing the non-thermal plasmas for gaseous pollutant control, some results of the laboratory experiments on the plasmas abatement of NO x ; SO x and various VOCs will be presented, followed by a discussion on the energy efficiency and by-products. Also some results obtained in the pilot-plants will be given. finally other possible applications of the presented plasma devices for controlling
Energy balance of the Rio de Janeiro State - 1980/1994
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1995-01-01
This document informs the energetic balance for Rio de Janeiro State -1980/1994, containing the energy fluxes from primary and secondary energy sources in the main sectors of Rio de Janeiro economy. 50 figs., 139 tabs
RIO EPICS device support application case study on an ion source control system (ISHP)
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sanz, Diego [UPM – Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid (Spain); Ruiz, Mariano, E-mail: mariano.ruiz@upm.es [UPM – Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid (Spain); Eguiraun, Mikel [Department of Electricity and Electronic, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Basque Country, Bilbao (Spain); Arredondo, Iñigo [ESS Bilbao Consortium, Zamudio (Spain); Badillo, Inari; Jugo, Josu [Department of Electricity and Electronic, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Basque Country, Bilbao (Spain); Vega, Jesús; Castro, Rodrigo [Asociación EURATOM/CIEMAT, Madrid (Spain)
2015-10-15
Highlights: • A use case example of RIO/FlexRIO design methodology is described. • Ion source device is controlled and monitored by means EPICS IOCs. • NIRIO EPICS device support demonstrates that is able to manage RIO devices. • Easy and fast deployment is possible using RIO/FlexRIO design methodology using NIRIO-EDS. • RIO/FlexRIO technology and EPICS are a good combination for support large scale experiments in fusion environments. - Abstract: Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) is a software tool that during last years has become relevant as a main framework to deploy distributed control systems in large scientific environments. At the moment, ESS Bilbao uses this middleware to perform the control of their Ion Source Hydrogen Positive (ISHP) project. The implementation of the control system was based on: PXI Real Time controllers using the LabVIEW-RT and LabVIEW-EPICS tools; and RIO devices based on Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology. Intended to provide a full compliant EPICS IOCs for RIO devices and to avoid additional efforts on the system maintainability, a migration of the current system to a derivative Red Hat Linux (CentOS) environment has been conducted. This paper presents a real application case study for using the NIRIO EPICS device support (NIRIO-EDS) to give support to the ISHP. Although RIO FPGA configurations are particular solutions for ISHP performance, the NIRIO-EDS has permitted the control and monitoring of devices by applying a well-defined design methodology into the previous FPGA configuration for RIO/FlexRIO devices. This methodology has permitted a fast and easy deployment for the new robust, scalable and maintainable software to support RIO devices into the ISHP control architecture.
A pertinência da arquitetura no marketing imobiliário
Silva, António Augusto Ferreira da
2013-01-01
Mestrado Integrado em Arquitectura Exame público realizado em 17 de Outubro de 2013 A habitação surge no mercado atual como um produto repetitivo na oferta e qualidade residencial, resultado da ausência de investigação por parte dos intervenientes no setor imobiliário, demonstrando uma abordagem pouco real das verdadeiras necessidades e desejos dos compradores do produto imobiliário. Num setor imobiliário cada vez mais competitivo, a análise da oferta habitacional torna-se fator esse...
The Link between Protein Kinase CK2 and Atypical Kinase Rio1
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Konrad Kubiński
2017-02-01
Full Text Available The atypical kinase Rio1 is widespread in many organisms, ranging from Archaebacteria to humans, and is an essential factor in ribosome biogenesis. Little is known about the protein substrates of the enzyme and small-molecule inhibitors of the kinase. Protein kinase CK2 was the first interaction partner of Rio1, identified in yeast cells. The enzyme from various sources undergoes CK2-mediated phosphorylation at several sites and this modification regulates the activity of Rio1. The aim of this review is to present studies of the relationship between the two different kinases, with respect to CK2-mediated phosphorylation of Rio1, regulation of Rio1 activity, and similar susceptibility of the kinases to benzimidazole inhibitors.
Twitteratura: aproximando letramento literário e letramento digital
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Vinicius Carvalho Pereira
2017-07-01
Full Text Available As práticas de letramento literário da escola brasileira voltam-se majoritariamente para textos em suporte impresso, embora parte significativa da produção literária contemporânea em língua portuguesa venha sendo feita em suporte eletrônico ou digital. Tal disjunção se deve, entre outros fatores, à predominância de obras canônicas no currículo escolar, à natureza impressa do livro didático e a um entendimento restrito do que seja o texto literário. Por outro lado, assistimos ao uso crescente de aparelhos celulares e smartphones em sala de aula, raramente articulado ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem, ainda que esses dispositivos possam integrar práticas de letramento literário na esfera digital. No presente artigo, discutem-se questões teórico-metodológicas acerca do uso, em sala de aula, de celulares e smartphones para o trabalho com um gênero literário emergente: a Twitteratura. Da página à tela, do ponto ao pixel, novos entendimentos do literário podem ser introduzidos no currículo escolar, propiciando uma compreensão mais ampla sobre as relações sobredeterminantes entre linguagem, sociedade e tecnologia.
Multipactor discharge apparatus
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1976-01-01
The invention deals with a multipactor discharge apparatus which can be used for tuning microwave organs such as magnetron oscillators and other cavity resonators. This apparatus is suitable for delivering an improved tuning effect in a resonation organ wherefrom the working frequency must be set. This apparatus is equipped with two multipactor discharge electrodes set in a configuration such to that a net current flows from one electrode to another. These electrodes are parallel and flat. The apparatus can be used in magnetron devices as well for continuous waves as for impulses
Effects of discharge parameters on the micro-hollow cathode sustained glow discharge
Shoujie, HE; Peng, WANG; Jing, HA; Baoming, ZHANG; Zhao, ZHANG; Qing, LI
2018-05-01
The effects of parameters such as pressure, first anode radius, and the cavity diameter on the micro-hollow cathode sustained glow discharge are investigated by using a two-dimensional self-consistent fluid model in pure argon. The results indicate that the three parameters influence the discharge in the regions inside and outside of the cavity. Under a fixed voltage on each electrode, a larger volume of high density plasma can be produced in the region between the first and the second anodes by selecting the appropriate pressure, the higher first anode, and the appropriate cavity diameter. As the pressure increases, the electron density inside the hollow cathode, the high density plasma volume between the first anode and second anodes, and the radial electric field in the cathode cavity initially increase and subsequently decrease. As the cavity diameter increases, the high-density plasma volume between the first and second anodes initially increases and subsequently decreases; whereas the electron density inside the hollow cathode decreases. As the first anode radius increases, the electron density increases both inside and outside of the cavity. Moreover, the increase of the electron density is more obvious in the microcathode sustained region than in the micro cavity region. The results reveal that the discharge inside the cavity interacts with that outside the cavity. The strong hollow cathode effect and the high-density plasma inside the cavity favor the formation of a sustained discharge between the first anode and the second anodes. Results also show that the radial boundary conditions exert a considerably weaker influence on the discharge except for a little change in the region close to the radial boundary.
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Rodrigo Silva
2014-05-01
Full Text Available Este artigo se propõe a levantar práticas por meio das quais organizações familiaresenfrentam o desafio da sucessão dos seus profissionais. Para o cumprimento desseobjetivo foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória de levantamento de práticas relativas aoplanejamento sucessório entre as Melhores Empresas para Você Trabalhar no Brasil. Como intuito de levantar as principais características do planejamento sucessório adotadas pelasorganizações familiares, foi realizada uma pesquisa de levantamento exploratória. Para arealização das análises do presente trabalho, foram consideradas as ações de Dutra (2010para estruturação do planejamento sucessório. Em síntese, a literatura evidencia que emboraa sucessão constitua evento de fundamental importância para a continuidade dos negócios esobrevivência das empresas familiares, ela poderá tornar-se traumática, se não for conduzidade forma racional, o que demonstra a necessidade de tal processo se desenvolver através deplanejamento cuidadoso e racional, que procure levar em conta a ampla gama de fatores queo afetam. No caso das empresas familiares, nota-se o desafio de considerar as questõesemocionais e afetivos na discussão do planejamento sucessório. Constatou-se pouca atençãoaos aspectos emocionais do processo sucessório nas organizações familiares.
Aplicação do fluxo unitário da produção na manufatura do vestuário de moda
Chi Ming Wan
2016-01-01
O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a aplicação do Fluxo Unitário da Produção (FUP) no processo de fabricação do vestuário de moda, com ênfase em produtos de moda feminina. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo, por meio de estudo de caso, em empresa do setor. O resultado da pesquisa mostra que, apesar das particularidades do setor, como o baixo volume de produção, curto ciclo de vida do produto e grande diversidade de modelos, a aplicação do Fluxo Unitário da Produção na manufatur...
48 CFR 1352.271-81 - Discharge of liens.
2010-10-01
...) The contractor shall immediately discharge or cause to be discharged any lien or right in rem of any... done or materials furnished under the contract. If any such lien or right in rem is not immediately discharged, the Government may discharge or cause to be discharged such lien or right at the expense of the...
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Narváez Castillo Magda
2010-06-01
Full Text Available Se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación de vinazas en algunas propiedades físicas y en la actividad de las deshidrogenasas en un Entic dystropept y en un Fluventic haplustoll del Valle de Cauca, Colombia. Para suplir los requerimientos de K+ del cultivo de maíz dulce (Zea mays L. se utilizaron seis tratamientos (T1 = 100% de K+ como vinaza, T2 = 100% de K+ con KCl; T3 = 50% de K+ como vinaza y KCl, T4 = 75% de K+ con vinaza y 25% de K+ como KCl, T5 = testigo absoluto sin planta, T6 = testigo más planta que fueron dispuestos en un diseño completamente al azar con cinco repeticiones. En el Entic dystropept la densidad aparente disminuyó y en consecuencia la porosidad total aumentó, mientras que en el Fluventic haplustoll sucedió lo contrario. La actividad de las deshidrogenasas fue significativamente mayor (P < 0.05 en el Entic dystropept que en el Fluventic haplustoll que presentó valores bajos. Los resultados mostraron que los cambios que se generan como producto de la aplicación de vinazas son diferentes para ambos tipo de suelo.
Corpo, mito e imaginário nos postais das praias cariocas
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Euler David de Siqueira
Full Text Available "Cidade Maravilhosa", "capital cultural", o Rio de Janeiro é ícone do Brasil em uma série de discursos, entre eles o turístico. As bancas de jornal da cidade exibem cartões-postais com fotos que exploram a imagem do corpo feminino na orla carioca e a mostram como imagem da cidade. A partir da análise de uma amostra intencional e não-probabilística de exemplares dessa mídia, o objetivo deste trabalho é o de estudar a relação entre o corpo e o espaço urbano na construção do imaginário sobre a cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Entre alguns dos resultados encontrados, observa-se a construção de um imaginário que reforça antigos clichês em que a cidade do Rio de Janeiro e seus personagens são apresentados como tendo uma natureza sensual, quente e festiva.
Effects of electric discharges on polymers
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Bagirov, M.A.
2002-01-01
Full text: One of the reasons for the worsening of electrical properties of polymeric isolation in use in the effect of the electric discharges which developing in the gas inclusions and in the interlayer inside the isolation itself. The electrical discharges in the gas gap lead to the electrical growing old and the worsening of its electro physical qualities. We have learned the changes of electrical properties (dielectrical permeability and dielectrical loss, and electrical conductivity, electrical strength) of polymer films under the influence of electrical discharges. This paper shows the ways of increase of stability of polymers to the electrical discharges
Horn, Susan D.; Corrigan, John D.; Beaulieu, Cynthia L.; Bogner, Jennifer; Barrett, Ryan S.; Giuffrida, Clare G.; Ryser, David K.; Cooper, Kelli; Carroll, Deborah M.; Deutscher, Daniel
2015-01-01
Objective To examine associations of patient and injury characteristics, inpatient rehabilitation therapy activities, and neurotropic medications with outcomes at discharge and 9 months post-discharge for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) Design Prospective, longitudinal observational study Setting 10 inpatient rehabilitation centers (9 US, 1 Canada) Participants Consecutive patients (n=2130) enrolled between 2008 and 2011, admitted for inpatient rehabilitation after an index TBI injury Interventions Not applicable Main Outcome Measures Rehabilitation length of stay, discharge to home, and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) at discharge and 9 months post-discharge Results The admission FIM Cognitive score was used to create 5 relatively homogeneous subgroups for subsequent analysis of treatment outcomes. Within each subgroup, significant associations were found between outcomes and patient and injury characteristics, time spent in therapy activities, and medications used. Patient and injury characteristics explained on average 35.7% of the variation in discharge outcomes and 22.3% in 9-month outcomes. Adding time spent and level of effort in therapy activities, as well as percent of stay using specific medications, explained approximately 20.0% more variation for discharge outcomes and 12.9% for 9-month outcomes. After patient, injury, and treatment characteristics were used to predict outcomes, center differences added only approximately 1.9% additional variance explained. Conclusions At discharge, greater effort during therapy sessions, time spent in more complex therapy activities, and use of specific medications were associated with better outcomes for patients in all admission FIM Cognitive subgroups. At 9 months post-discharge, similar but less pervasive associations were observed for therapy activities, but not classes of medications. Further research is warranted to examine more specific combinations of therapy activities and medications that
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Marina Campos Araujo
2010-04-01
Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a elaboração de um questionário de frequência alimentar para adolescentes do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Para seleção dos itens alimentares incluídos no questionário de frequência alimentar, utilizaram-se dados de três dias de registro alimentar obtidos em uma amostra de 430 estudantes, na faixa etária de 12 a 19 anos, da rede de ensino estadual de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. Foram incluídos os itens alimentares mais citados nos registros e que contribuíram com 95% do consumo de energia e nutrientes dos registros alimentares. As porções de referência foram as mais frequentemente referidas nos registros do estudo de base. As opções de frequência foram definidas de forma diferenciada para os diversos itens do questionário. RESULTADOS: Nos registros foram listados 306 alimentos, dos quais 249 itens foram incluídos no questionário, isoladamente ou agrupados, compondo uma lista de 90 itens. Os 14 itens alimentares mais consumidos por adolescentes do Rio de Janeiro, nesse estudo e em estudo anterior, foram associados a oito opções de frequência de consumo; 18 itens alimentares foram acoplados a sete opções de frequência e para 58 itens foram definidas cinco opções de frequência. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo permitiu a elaboração do questionário de frequência alimentar para adolescentes da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, o qual será submetido às análises de reprodutibilidade e validade. Este questionário representa um instrumento valioso para pesquisas epidemiológicas que investiguem o consumo alimentar de adolescentes.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the development of a food frequency questionnaire for adolescents from the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, Brazil. METHODS: The selection of food items included in the questionnaire was done by recording the foods consumed during 3 days by 430 students aged 12 to 19 years from the public schools of Niterói (RJ Brasil
Relatório integrador da actividade profissional
Oliveira, Maria João Belo
2015-01-01
Relatório integrador da atividade profissional para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Tecnologia Alimentar, na Escola Superior Agrária, do Instituto Politécnico de Santarém A informação apresentada neste relatório pretende demonstrar como algumas das competências adquiridas ao longo da formação académica foram aplicadas e desenvolvidas em contexto profissional. São apresentadas as empresas onde a autora colaborou, descrevendo-se as atividades desenvolvidas. A autora obteve em 199...
Surgical discharge summaries: improving the record.
Adams, D C; Bristol, J B; Poskitt, K R
1993-03-01
The problem area of communication between hospital and general practitioners may potentially be improved by the advent of new information technology. The introduction of a regional computer database for general surgery allows the rapid automated production of discharge summaries and has provided us with the opportunity for auditing the quality of old and new styles of discharge communication. A total of 118 general practitioners were sent a postal questionnaire to establish their views on the relative importance of various aspects of patient information and management after discharge. A high response rate (97%) indicated the interest of general practitioners in this topic. The majority (73%) believed that summaries should be delayed no more than 3 days. The structured and shortened new format was preferred to the older style of discharge summary. The older format rarely arrived within an appropriate time and its content was often felt to be either inadequate (35%) or excessive (7%) compared with the new format (8% and 1%, respectively). The diagnosis, information given to the patient, clinic date, list of medications and investigations were considered the more important details in the summary. Improvements in the discharge information were suggested and have subsequently been incorporated in our discharge policy. The use of new information technology, intended to facilitate clinical audit, has improved our ability to generate prompt, well-structured discharge summaries which are accepted by the general practitioners.
O Barão do Rio Branco opina sobre o Marechal Deodoro
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E. Bradford Burns
1967-06-01
Full Text Available O Barão do Rio Branco era partidário dedicado da monarquia. Herdou essa convicção de seu ilustre pai, um dos maiores estadistas do Império; e êle mesmo serviu com muito zêlo e dedicação ao Imperador quando na Europa.
Características de repositório educacional aberto para usuários de língua brasileira de sinais
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Romario Antunes da Silva
Full Text Available O objetivo desse artigo é identificar as características que um repositório educacional aberto deve apresentar para atender as necessidade de informação dos alunos surdos e ouvintes do curso Letras Libras na modalidade a distância da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Os objetivos específicos foram: a descrever o perfil dos alunos surdos e ouvintes; b examinar o uso das tecnologias da informação por esses alunos; e c identificar os documentos que um repositório deve apresentar para atender as necessidades de informação desses alunos. A pesquisa é exploratória, descritiva e qualitativo-quantitativa, e a análise foi realizada com estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo. Conclui-se que os alunos utilizam o e-mail, as listas de discussão, o Messenger, ferramentas para compartilhamento de vídeos e os sites para surdos. Os alunos consideram muito importantes os processadores de texto, Messenger, Movie Maker, Media Player e planilhas para cálculo. Os alunos surdos consideram como documentos mais relevantes as videoaulas, dicionários e apostilas, e os alunos ouvintes, as videoaulas, os livros e as apostilas. O tipo de conteúdo requisitado são notícias sobre surdos, língua brasileira de sinais, tradução, tecnologia, linguística, aprendizagem do português, interpretação médico-jurídica e cultura surda. Os suportes requisitados para acesso à informação são os dicionários, vídeos, livros digitais e artigos. Os alunos preferem acessar as informações no repositório por meio de língua de sinais, legendas e em português.
Território e Rede da União do Vegetal
Morales Arteaga, Pamela Elizabeth
2016-01-01
Esta pesquisa trata do território e das redes geográficas da religião ayahusaqueira União do Vegetal, em Brasília. Busca-se interpretar os objetivos da pesquisa que foram; a construção do território da União do Vegetal, diferençando elementos relevantes do território; debatendo a hierarquização do grupo na sua atuação territorial e relacionando as percepções dos adeptos com suas práticas territoriais em rede. As hipóteses que nortearam o trabalho foram; A construção do território sagrado da U...
Frau, Franco; Medas, Daniela; Da Pelo, Stefania; Wanty, Richard B.; Cidu, Rosa
2015-01-01
After mine closure in the 1980s and subsequent shutdown of the dewatering system, groundwater rebound led to drainage outflow from the Casargiu gallery (Montevecchio mine, SW Sardinia, Italy) beginning in 1997. Mine drainage had pH 6.0 and dissolved concentrations of sulfate (5000 mg/L) and metals (e.g., 1000 mg/L Zn, 230 mg/L Fe, 150 mg/L Mn) much higher than those previously measured in groundwater under dewatering conditions. As compared with the first stages of rebound at Casargiu, a very high contamination level still persists after more than 15 years of flushing. Mine drainage (20–70 L/s; pH 6.0 ± 0.2; Zn-Mg-Ca-SO4 composition) flowed into the Rio Irvi. Abundant precipitation of amorphous Fe(III)-(oxy)hydroxides occurred. Moreover, sulfate-bearing green rust was observed to flocculate in the reach of the Rio Irvi where pH was still circumneutral. Water sampling along this stream for about 6 km almost to its mouth in the Mediterranean Sea showed a pH decrease from 6.0 to 4.0 and a significant removal of Fe (46 %) and As (96 %), while sulfate, Zn, Mn, Co, Ni, and Cd showed small variations downstream. Lead was initially adsorbed onto Fe(III)-(oxy)hydroxides, then desorbed as pH dropped below 5. The estimated amount of dissolved metals discharged into the Mediterranean Sea is significant (e.g., 900 kg/day Zn, 1.4 kg/day Cd, 5 kg/day Ni). In particular, a conservative estimation of the amount of Zn discharged to the sea is about 330 ton/year, which would correspond to 1.4 % of the global annual flux of dissolved Zn from uncontaminated rivers to the oceans.
Strong, M F
1992-01-01
The Secretary-General of the UN Conference on Environment and Development notes that after the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro discussions about the environment and development will differ from those prior to the Summit. These discussions must now incorporate problems of developing countries, poverty, inequalities, flow of resources to developing countries, and terms of trade. The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development consists of important tenets, but it must evolve into an Earth Charter to be endorsed on the 50th anniversary of the UN in 1965. The Summit's Plan of Action, Agenda 21, must also continue to evolve and, despite its shortcomings, is the most extensive and, if implemented, most effective international action ever approved by the international community. Financing the Agenda 21 initiatives remains to be decided. New possible sources of funding must be based n the polluter pays principle and may include new taxes, user charges, emission permits, and citizen funding. Even though the most serious problem in the 1990s is stabilization of atmospheric gases, the Rio agreement does not include targets or timetables. Governments must take united action immediately to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by at least 60%. 1 nation has not yet approved the convention on biological diversity. Governments also need to move forward on conventions on decertification and deforestation. They need to incorporate the global objectives of Agenda 21 into their own national policies and practices. This must also be done at the global, regional, organizational, local, and individual levels. The global community must also begin technology capacity building. The participatory process should also include nongovernmental organizations. Population growth must also slow dramatically to achieve sustainable development. The various participatory levels must consider elimination of poverty.
... dried fruits (such as raisins), mushrooms, chunky relishes, coconut, and some Chinese vegetables. Tips for when no ... ask your doctor Living with your ileostomy Low-fiber diet Small bowel resection - discharge Total colectomy or ...
O aniversário do Pasquim: 22 anos em 5
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Márcia Neme Buzalaf
2009-04-01
Full Text Available Resenha: Pasquim 40 anos: Edição Comemorativa. Rio de Janeiro: Desiderata, 2009, 40 p. e Antologia do Pasquim - volume III:1973-1974, de Jaguar e Sérgio Augusto (Org.. Rio de Janeiro: Desiderata, 2009, 376 p.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Vilma Sousa Santana
2005-12-01
Full Text Available ANTECEDENTES: O Conselho Nacional de Previdência Social, por meio da Resolução No. 1.236 de 28/4/2004, aprovou uma nova metodologia para definição do valor das alíquotas de contribuição devidas por empresas para o financiamento de benefícios previdenciários relacionados aos riscos do trabalho. Esta metodologia baseia-se em um indicador denominado de Fator Acidentário Previdenciário, FAP, construído a partir do risco epidemiológico, estimado para cada ramo de atividade econômica. Como parte da sua estratégia de validação, o Ministério da Previdência Social decidiu pela avaliação da sua consistência epidemiológica. OBJETIVOS: Nesse estudo analisaram-se os propósitos, as fontes de informação, a natureza das medidas epidemiológicas empregadas e a metodologia da construção desse indicador, identificando-se as suas vantagens e limitações, aplicabilidade e impactos potenciais futuros. MÉTODOS: Análise documental da Resolução No. 1236 e do documento anexo. RESULTADOS: O FAP avança ao se pautar por critérios científicos transparentes que poderão permitir a redução das alíquotas quando houver efetiva melhoria das condições de trabalho, e conseqüentemente, da morbimortalidade entre trabalhadores. Supera as dificuldades relacionadas à definição e registro do nexo causal das doenças do trabalho ao considerá-las em sua totalidade, não se restringido às ocupacionais. Como prevê a redução de alíquotas com a melhoria das condições de saúde dos trabalhadores poderá contribuir para uma mais efetiva atuação dos empregadores na prevenção. CONCLUSÕES: É necessário o acompanhamento contínuo e sistemático da aplicação do FAP, com ampla participação da sociedade, revisando-o e ajustando-o aos diferentes cenários econômicos, sociais e de saúde do País, atentando-se para o seu impacto sobre a arrecadação e contas da Previdência Social.BACKGROUND: The Brazilian National Social Insurance
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Wang Pengxiang; Chen Junhong
2009-01-01
The effect of electrode configuration on ozone production in the direct-current corona discharge of dry and humid air is studied by a numerical model that combines the electron distribution in the corona plasma, plasma chemistry and transport phenomena. Two electrode configurations are considered: wire-cylinder discharge with air flowing along the wire axis and wire-plate discharge with air flowing transverse to the wire. The ozone distributions in both types of discharges are compared. For both electrode configurations, the ozone production rate is higher in the negative corona than in the positive corona and it decreases with an increase in relative humidity. More importantly, the detailed ozone distribution in the neighbourhood of the discharge wire, together with the ozone kinetics, reveals the possible difference in the ozone production from the two discharges. With the same operating conditions and sufficiently short flow residence time, the ozone production rate is nearly the same for both electrode configurations. When the flow residence time is longer than the characteristic time for homogeneous ozone destruction, the net ozone production is higher in the wire-cylinder discharge than in the wire-plate discharge due to relatively less ozone destruction.
Wang, Pengxiang; Chen, Junhong
2009-02-01
The effect of electrode configuration on ozone production in the direct-current corona discharge of dry and humid air is studied by a numerical model that combines the electron distribution in the corona plasma, plasma chemistry and transport phenomena. Two electrode configurations are considered: wire-cylinder discharge with air flowing along the wire axis and wire-plate discharge with air flowing transverse to the wire. The ozone distributions in both types of discharges are compared. For both electrode configurations, the ozone production rate is higher in the negative corona than in the positive corona and it decreases with an increase in relative humidity. More importantly, the detailed ozone distribution in the neighbourhood of the discharge wire, together with the ozone kinetics, reveals the possible difference in the ozone production from the two discharges. With the same operating conditions and sufficiently short flow residence time, the ozone production rate is nearly the same for both electrode configurations. When the flow residence time is longer than the characteristic time for homogeneous ozone destruction, the net ozone production is higher in the wire-cylinder discharge than in the wire-plate discharge due to relatively less ozone destruction.
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Sousa, Daniele Santos de; Lauria, Dejanira da Costa; Sa, Lidia Vasconcellos de; Bellido, Luis Fernando
2013-01-01
In Brazil there are around 340 Nuclear Medicine Services (NMS), 30 of them, are located in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The most widely used radionuclides in the country are 131 I and 99m Tc, but among them, 99m Tc is the most concern, because it has a short half-life (6 hours) and decays to 99 Tc, which is a beta emitter with a long half-life (214,000 years). It is estimated that 80% of radiopharmaceuticals administered to the patients are excreted still on the NMS, and then discharged to the city sewer system. In Rio de Janeiro the Alegria Station receives most of the sewage from the NMS, and after passing through all stages of treatment, the effluent is discharged into the Canal do Cunha and flows into the Guanabara Bay. The aim of this study is to perform a survey to estimate the 131 I and 99 Tc discharged levels at the Canal do Cunha and evaluate the radiological impact to non-human biota and to the populations exposed to these radionuclides. It was estimated based on data supplied by the national regulatory body that the treatment plant receives approximately 10 14 Bq of 99 Tc and 10 12 Bq of 131 I per year. Considering a conservative approach, in which all the radionuclides received by the station are released from it, the activity concentration of 131 I at the discharge point (DP) is around 63 Bq/L in river water and 3 Bq/kg in the bottom sediments. The estimated activity concentration for 99 Tc is 32 Bq/L in water and 6 Bq/kg in the sediment. For the community located downstream at 1200 meters from the DP, the activity concentration values in water and sediments are 18 Bq/L and 1 Bq/kg for 131 I and 9 Bq/L and 2 Bq/kg for 99 Tc, respectively. The annual effective dose for adult bathers near the DP is estimated to be 10 -3 mSv/y for 131 I and 10 -7 mSv/y for 99 Tc and, for local swimmers and fish consumers living along the Canal do Cunha, the annual effective dose is estimated to be 10 -2 mSv/y for 131 I and 10 -3 mSv/y for 99 Tc. For biota, the zooplankton
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Andrade, Carlos F.F.; Niencheski, Luis F.H.; Attisano, Karina K.; Milani, Marcio R., E-mail: pgofcfa@furg.br [Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS (Brazil); Santos, Isaac R. [Department of Oceanography, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL (United States); Milani, Idel C. [Departamento de Engenharia Hidrica, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnologico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Porto, Pelotas, RS (Brazil)
2012-07-01
This study assesses the importance of groundwater discharge to dissolved nutrient levels in Mangueira Lagoon. A transect of an irrigation canal in the margin of Lagoon demonstrated a strong geochemical gradient due to high groundwater inputs in this area. Using {sup 222}Rn as a quantitative groundwater tracer, we observed that the flux of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), silicate and phosphate (1178 and 1977; 26190 and 35652; 167 and 188 mol d{sup -1} for winter and summer, respectively) can continually supply/sustain primary production. The irrigation canals act as an artificial underground tributary and represent a new source of nutrients to coastal lagoons. (author)
Motivações de candidatos e voluntários na Cidade Viva
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Jéssika Kadidja de Oliveira Medeiros
2017-07-01
Full Text Available O trabalho voluntário é a força das organizações da sociedade civil. Existem diferenças entre o trabalho voluntário e o formal, como a remuneração e o tempo destinado ao desempenho das atividades. Ao contrário de trabalhadores formais, voluntários não recebem pagamento para o desempenho de funções. Logo, teorias motivacionais desenvolvidas numa perspectiva de trabalho formal não devem ser aplicadas a este grupo. Esse estudo identificou motivações apresentadas pelos candidatos a voluntários e atuais voluntários da Fundação Cidade Viva em João Pessoa. Quanto aos resultados, verifica-se predominância do perfil altruísta em ambas as fases utilizadas do modelo. Ainda, o perfil egoísta, foi o menos apresentado pelos respondentes da pesquisa. Outros resultados, relativos ao desligamento da atividade voluntária na Fundação, foram bastante inconclusivos.
2012-08-08
... test fluids, sanitary waste, domestic waste and miscellaneous discharges is authorized. More stringent... permit. Major changes also include definition of ``operator'', acute toxicity test for produced water, spill prevention best management practices, and electronic reporting requirements. To obtain discharge...
Acoustic effects of single electrostatic discharges
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Orzech, Łukasz
2015-01-01
Electric discharges, depending on their character, can emit different types of energy, resulting in different effects. Single electrostatic discharges besides generation of electromagnetic pulses are also the source of N acoustic waves. Their specified parameters depending on amount of discharging charge enable determination of value of released charge in a function of acoustic descriptor (e.g. acoustic pressure). Presented approach is the basics of acoustic method for measurement of single electrostatic discharges, enabling direct and contactless measurement of value of charge released during ESD. Method for measurement of acoustic effect of impact of a single electrostatic discharge on the environment in a form of pressure shock wave and examples of acoustic descriptors in a form of equation Q=f(p a ) are described. The properties of measuring system as well as the results of regression static analyses used to determine the described relationships are analysed in details. (paper)
Plasma deposition by discharge in powder
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
El-Gamal, H.A.; El-Tayeb, H.A.; Abd El-Moniem, M.; Masoud, M.M.
2000-01-01
Different types of material powders have been fed to the breach of a coaxial discharge. The coaxial discharge is powered from a 46.26 mu F, 24 KV capacitor bank. When the discharge takes place at the breach, the powder is heated and ionized to form a sheath of its material. The plasma sheath is ejected from the discharge zone with high velocity. The plasma sheath material is deposited on a glass substrate. It has been found from scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis that the deposited material is almost homogenous for ceramic and graphite powders. The grain size is estimated to be the order of few microns. To measure the deposited material thickness the microdensitometer and a suitable arrangement of a laser interferometer and an optical microscope are used. It has also been found that deposited material thickness depends on the discharge number of shots and the capacitor bank energy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Edson A. Adriano
2012-12-01
Full Text Available Estudo realizado no Pantanal Matogrossense, avaliou a prevalência, a distribuição geográfica e sazonal de protozoários e mixozoários parasitos de jaú (Zungaro jahu. Os peixes foram capturados no Sul do Pantanal, na região dos rios Aquidauana, Miranda e Paraguai, em 2001, 2002 e 2003, na região Central (Parque Nacional do Pantanal - PARNA Pantanal em 2003, 2004, 2005 e 2008, e na região Norte (rios Cuiabá e Manso, no município de Nobres em 2003, 2004 e 2005. Foi identificado Trichodina sp. parasitando pele e brânquias de jaú nas três regiões estudadas. Ocorrência de Epistylis sp. na pele e Cryptobia sp. nas brânquias foram restritas às coletas da região Central, enquanto Ichthyophthirius multifiliis foi identificado parasitando a pele nas três regiões estudadas. Também foi observada a ocorrência de mixozoários, Myxobolus cordeiroi parasitando vários órgãos e Henneguya sp. parasitando brânquias de jaú das três regiões estudadas.
Readiness for hospital discharge: A concept analysis.
Galvin, Eileen Catherine; Wills, Teresa; Coffey, Alice
2017-11-01
To report on an analysis on the concept of 'readiness for hospital discharge'. No uniform operational definition of 'readiness for hospital discharge' exists in the literature; therefore, a concept analysis is required to clarify the concept and identify an up-to-date understanding of readiness for hospital discharge. Clarity of the concept will identify all uses of the concept; provide conceptual clarity, an operational definition and direction for further research. Literature review and concept analysis. A review of literature was conducted in 2016. Databases searched were: Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, PsycARTICLES, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, PsycINFO, Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) and SocINDEX with Full Text. No date limits were applied. Identification of the attributes, antecedents and consequences of readiness for hospital discharge led to an operational definition of the concept. The following attributes belonging to 'readiness for hospital discharge' were extracted from the literature: physical stability, adequate support, psychological ability, and adequate information and knowledge. This analysis contributes to the advancement of knowledge in the area of hospital discharge, by proposing an operational definition of readiness for hospital discharge, derived from the literature. A better understanding of the phenomenon will assist healthcare professionals to recognize, measure and implement interventions where necessary, to ensure patients are ready for hospital discharge and assist in the advancement of knowledge for all professionals involved in patient discharge from hospital. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Discharge models through the pressurizer valves
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Madeira, A.A.
1985-01-01
A reliable estimate of discharge through the pressurizer relief and safety valves is of concern to adequately predict the behaviour of RCS pressure during transients. It's investigated the discharge models used by the ALMOD code, and to implement alternative models from the available literature, which are recommended for different conditions of flow that shall exist during transients requiring discharge through the relief and safety valves. (Author) [pt
Secondary mechanisms in a gas discharge
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Fletcher, J.; Blevin, H.A.
1978-05-01
The technique for studying swarms of electrons in a gas discharge by observing the photon flux from the discharge has been adapted to investigate the role of the secondary mechanisms. First results, reported here, show that, contrary to previous indications, ion bombardment of the cathode plays only a negligible, if any, part in the low pressure discharge in hydrogen at E/N approx. less than 200Td
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Eduardo Portanova Barros
2017-09-01
Full Text Available Este artigo oferece uma leitura simbólica sobre o imaginário que movimenta seis filmes documentários relativos ao regime militar brasileiro. Elegemos os Estudos do Imaginário como heurística apropriada à revelação de imagens simbólicas, simbolismos e narrativas míticas estimuladas pelas representações fílmicas tanto do governo de João Goulart quanto do golpe civil-militar que o tirou da Presidência da República. A partir de documentação audiovisual, acessamos os elementos constitutivos do imaginário que move as obras. Assim, esperamos proporcionar uma complementação ao entendimento sobre esse período obscuro da sociedade brasileira, bem como oferecer uma abordagem alternativa à pesquisa em Comunicação sobre documentários históricos.
Acoustic signal analysis in the creeping discharge
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Nakamiya, T; Sonoda, Y; Tsuda, R; Ebihara, K; Ikegami, T
2008-01-01
We have previously succeeded in measuring the acoustic signal due to the dielectric barrier discharge and discriminating the dominant frequency components of the acoustic signal. The dominant frequency components appear over 20kHz of acoustic signal by the dielectric barrier discharge. Recently surface discharge control technology has been focused from practical applications such as ozonizer, NO X reactors, light source or display. The fundamental experiments are carried to examine the creeping discharge using the acoustic signal. When the high voltage (6kV, f = 10kHz) is applied to the electrode, the discharge current flows and the acoustic sound is generated. The current, voltage waveforms of creeping discharge and the sound signal detected by the condenser microphone are stored in the digital memory scope. In this scheme, Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) is applied to discriminate the acoustic sound of the micro discharge and the dominant frequency components are studied. CWT results of sound signal show the frequency spectrum of wideband up to 100kHz. In addition, the energy distributions of acoustic signal are examined by CWT
BRIQUETAGEM DE FINOS DE CALCÁRIO
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mariana Rezende Barros
2015-12-01
Full Text Available Aplicação da tecnologia na agricultura dentro do sistema de produção é realidade principalmente com a abertura de mercados através da globalização. Em diversas áreas da indústria moderna, o calcário é utilizado como corretor da acidez do solo. A calagem é uma prática barata, porém ainda é negligenciada quanto ao seu uso, na adoção da técnica, à definição das doses e às formas de aplicação. A briquetagem consiste na aglomeração de partículas finas através de pressão, auxiliada ou não por aglomerantes, permitindo obtenção de produtos compactados, com forma, tamanho e parâmetros mecânicos adequados. A redução de volume do material, além dos benefícios tecnológicos, permite que materiais finos possam ser transportados e armazenados de forma mais econômica. A recente preocupação ambiental, resultando em leis mais rígidas, além da necessidade de aproveitar economicamente os resíduos e as partículas finas geradas no beneficiamento de minérios fez com que a briquetagem voltasse a ser uma importante alternativa para aglomerar valor econômico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi aglomerar finos de calcário através da briquetagem (92% abaixo de 500# ou 25 µm gerados no processamento do mesmo, variando as dosagens de água (utilizada como agente aglomerante de 0; 5; 7,5; 10; 12,5 e 15%. O calcário, originário de Lagamar (MG, foi classificado quimicamente como dolomítico tipo D. Os briquetes foram submetidos a testes de queda a 30, 60, 90, 120 e 150 cm de altura. Os melhores resultados encontrados para ensaios de queda foram obtidos com 7,5% de umidade, com médias de 21 quedas para 30 cm e 10 quedas para 60 cm de altura. Tais resultados apresentaram-se favoráveis quando comparados à literatura, a qual cita que para briquetes sem cura, considera-se 3 quedas a 0,3 m como valor razoável.
An introduction to gas discharges
Howatson, A M
2013-01-01
An Introduction to Gas Discharges: Second Edition aims to provide a compact introduction to the subject of gas discharges, which continues to make both scientific and industrial progress. In this second edition, the author has made minor corrections, rewritten and expanded some sections, used SI units and modernized notions, in hopes of making the book more up to date. Included in the book is a short history of the subject, an introduction that enumerates the types of gas discharges, the fundamental processes, and then moves on to the more specific areas such as the breakdown, the self-sustai
CQI project improves discharge process.
1998-08-01
At Gibson Rehab Center in Williamsport, PA, a continuous quality improvement project to bolster the institution's discharge planning process has resulted in increased satisfaction and an award for quality. The 15-month project was spearheaded by a multidisciplinary team charged with identifying areas that had a significant impact on customer service and suggesting better ways of delivering that service. Among the changes the group suggested were establishing a weekly discharge planning group for new neuro patients, assigning a discharge coordinator for each treatment team, and creating an interdisciplinary communication sheet for the home health therapy staff.
Stage-discharge rating curves based on satellite altimetry and modeled discharge in the Amazon basin
Paris, Adrien; Dias de Paiva, Rodrigo; Santos da Silva, Joecila; Medeiros Moreira, Daniel; Calmant, Stephane; Garambois, Pierre-André; Collischonn, Walter; Bonnet, Marie-Paule; Seyler, Frederique
2016-05-01
In this study, rating curves (RCs) were determined by applying satellite altimetry to a poorly gauged basin. This study demonstrates the synergistic application of remote sensing and watershed modeling to capture the dynamics and quantity of flow in the Amazon River Basin, respectively. Three major advancements for estimating basin-scale patterns in river discharge are described. The first advancement is the preservation of the hydrological meanings of the parameters expressed by Manning's equation to obtain a data set containing the elevations of the river beds throughout the basin. The second advancement is the provision of parameter uncertainties and, therefore, the uncertainties in the rated discharge. The third advancement concerns estimating the discharge while considering backwater effects. We analyzed the Amazon Basin using nearly one thousand series that were obtained from ENVISAT and Jason-2 altimetry for more than 100 tributaries. Discharge values and related uncertainties were obtained from the rain-discharge MGB-IPH model. We used a global optimization algorithm based on the Monte Carlo Markov Chain and Bayesian framework to determine the rating curves. The data were randomly allocated into 80% calibration and 20% validation subsets. A comparison with the validation samples produced a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (Ens) of 0.68. When the MGB discharge uncertainties were less than 5%, the Ens value increased to 0.81 (mean). A comparison with the in situ discharge resulted in an Ens value of 0.71 for the validation samples (and 0.77 for calibration). The Ens values at the mouths of the rivers that experienced backwater effects significantly improved when the mean monthly slope was included in the RC. Our RCs were not mission-dependent, and the Ens value was preserved when applying ENVISAT rating curves to Jason-2 altimetry at crossovers. The cease-to-flow parameter of our RCs provided a good proxy for determining river bed elevation. This proxy was validated
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Giumbelli, Emerson
2011-01-01
Full Text Available Partindo de uma perspectiva que se interessa pelas configurações geradas pela relação entre sociedade e religião, o texto aborda dois temas: ensino religioso em escolas públicas e assistência religiosa em instituições destinadas à internação de adolescentes que cumprem medida socioeducativa. A maior parte dos dados refere-se ao Rio Grande do Sul, procurando-se apresentar um quadro exploratório para ambos os temas. Mais especificamente, os resultados incidem sobre as formas que caracterizam o modo de relação entre determinadas instituições públicas e a religião e o modo pelo qual se definem configurações de diversidade religiosa
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Magne, Lionel
1991-01-01
Whereas discharges in nitrogen, in oxygen and in their mixtures are used in many different industrial processes (surface treatment, nitridation, oxidation, and so on), in order to get a better knowledge on nitrogen electronic states, this research thesis reports the study of the metastable singlet state of molecular nitrogen, and of oxygen atoms in their fundamental state. The molecular metastable has been observed by far-UV optical emission spectroscopy, in the positive column of a continuous discharge and in time post-discharge. As far as continuous discharge is concerned, the author measured the vibrational distribution of this state. A kinetic model has been developed, and calculated vibrational distributions are in good agreement with measurements. The density of oxygen atoms in fundamental state in time post-discharge has been measured by far-UV absorption optical spectroscopy. The probability of atom re-association of glass walls is deduced from the obtained results [fr
A new species of Microglanis (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae from upper rio Paraná basin, Brazil
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Oscar Akio Shibatta
Full Text Available Microglanis garavelloi, new species, collected in tributaries of rio Paranapanema and rio Tietê, is the first species of the genus described from upper rio Paraná basin. The new species can be distinguished from other species of Microglanis on morphometric characters, color pattern, caudal-fin shape, pectoral-spine morphology and lateral line development. Characters used specifically to distinguish M. garavelloi from M. cottoides (laguna dos Patos and rio Uruguay basins and M. parahybae (rio Paraíba do Sul basin include morphometrics, color pattern and pectoral-spine serration.
Computing discharge using the index velocity method
Levesque, Victor A.; Oberg, Kevin A.
2012-01-01
Application of the index velocity method for computing continuous records of discharge has become increasingly common, especially since the introduction of low-cost acoustic Doppler velocity meters (ADVMs) in 1997. Presently (2011), the index velocity method is being used to compute discharge records for approximately 470 gaging stations operated and maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey. The purpose of this report is to document and describe techniques for computing discharge records using the index velocity method. Computing discharge using the index velocity method differs from the traditional stage-discharge method by separating velocity and area into two ratings—the index velocity rating and the stage-area rating. The outputs from each of these ratings, mean channel velocity (V) and cross-sectional area (A), are then multiplied together to compute a discharge. For the index velocity method, V is a function of such parameters as streamwise velocity, stage, cross-stream velocity, and velocity head, and A is a function of stage and cross-section shape. The index velocity method can be used at locations where stage-discharge methods are used, but it is especially appropriate when more than one specific discharge can be measured for a specific stage. After the ADVM is selected, installed, and configured, the stage-area rating and the index velocity rating must be developed. A standard cross section is identified and surveyed in order to develop the stage-area rating. The standard cross section should be surveyed every year for the first 3 years of operation and thereafter at a lesser frequency, depending on the susceptibility of the cross section to change. Periodic measurements of discharge are used to calibrate and validate the index rating for the range of conditions experienced at the gaging station. Data from discharge measurements, ADVMs, and stage sensors are compiled for index-rating analysis. Index ratings are developed by means of regression
Electric-discharge-pumped nitrogen ion laser
Laudenslager, J. B.; Pacala, T. J.; Wittig, C.
1976-01-01
The routine operation is described of an N2(+) laser oscillating on the first negative band system of N2(+) which is produced in a preionized transverse discharge device. The discharge design incorporates features which favor the efficient production of the excitation transfer reaction of He2(+) with N2. A capacitive discharge switched by means of a high-current grounded grid thyratron is used to meet the design requirement of a volumetric discharge in high-pressure gas mixtures where the electric discharge need not have an ultrafast rise time (greater than 10 nsec) but should be capable of transferring large quantities of stored electric energy to the gas. A peak power of 180 kW in an 8-nsec laser pulse was obtained with a 0.1% mixture of N2 in helium at a total pressure of 3 atm. The most intense laser oscillations were observed on the (0,1) vibrational transition at 427.8 microns.
Gas temperature of capacitance spark discharge in air
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ono, Ryo; Nifuku, Masaharu; Fujiwara, Shuzo; Horiguchi, Sadashige; Oda, Tetsuji
2005-01-01
Capacitance spark discharge has been widely used for studying the ignition of flammable gas caused by electrostatic discharge. In the present study, the gas temperature of capacitance spark discharge is measured. The gas temperature is an important factor in understanding the electrostatic ignition process because it influences the reaction rate of ignition. Spark discharge is generated in air with a pulse duration shorter than 100 ns. The discharge energy is set to 0.03-1 mJ. The rotational and vibrational temperatures of the N 2 molecule are measured using the emission spectrum of the N 2 second positive system. The rotational and vibrational temperatures are estimated to be 500 and 5000 K, respectively, which are independent of the discharge energy. This result indicates that most of the electron energy is consumed in the excitation of vibrational levels of molecules rather than the heating of the gas. The gas temperature after discharge is also measured by laser-induced fluorescence of OH radicals. It is shown that the gas temperature increases after discharge and reaches approximately 1000 K at 3 μs after discharge. Then the temperature decreases at a rate in the range of 8-35 K/μs depending on the discharge energy
Effect of volume and surface charges on discharge structure of glow dielectric barrier discharge
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Xu, Shao-Wei; He, Feng; Wang, Yu; Li, Lulu; Ouyang, Ji-Ting [School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081 (China)
2013-08-15
The effect of volume and surface charges on the structure of glow dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) has been investigated numerically by using two-dimensional (2D) fluid modeling. The local increase of volume or surface charges induces a kind of activation-inhibition effect, which enhances the local volume discharge and inhibits the discharge in neighborhoods, resulting in non-uniform discharge. The activation-inhibition effect due to the non-uniform volume and/or surface charges depends on the non-uniformity itself and the applied voltage. The activation-inhibition of non-uniform charges has different effects on the volume charges and the accumulated surface charges. The distribution of remaining free charges (seed electrons) in volume at the beginning of voltage pulse plays a key role for the glow DBD structure, resulting in a patterned DBD, when the seed electrons are non-uniform at higher frequency and moderate voltage or uniform DBD, when the seed electrons are uniform at lower frequency or high voltage. The distribution of surface charges is not the determining factor but a result of the formed DBD structure.
Pérez Quezadas, Juan; Heilweil, Victor M.; Cortés Silva, Alejandra; Araguas, Luis; Salas Ortega, María del Rocío
2016-12-01
Geochemistry and environmental tracers were used to understand groundwater resources, recharge processes, and potential sources of contamination in the Rio Actopan Basin, Veracruz State, Mexico. Total dissolved solids are lower in wells and springs located in the basin uplands compared with those closer to the coast, likely associated with rock/water interaction. Geochemical results also indicate some saltwater intrusion near the coast and increased nitrate near urban centers. Stable isotopes show that precipitation is the source of recharge to the groundwater system. Interestingly, some high-elevation springs are more isotopically enriched than average annual precipitation at higher elevations, indicating preferential recharge during the drier but cooler winter months when evapotranspiration is reduced. In contrast, groundwater below 1,200 m elevation is more isotopically depleted than average precipitation, indicating recharge occurring at much higher elevation than the sampling site. Relatively cool recharge temperatures, derived from noble gas measurements at four sites (11-20 °C), also suggest higher elevation recharge. Environmental tracers indicate that groundwater residence time in the basin ranges from 12,000 years to modern. While this large range shows varying groundwater flowpaths and travel times, ages using different tracer methods (14C, 3H/3He, CFCs) were generally consistent. Comparing multiple tracers such as CFC-12 with CFC-113 indicates piston-flow to some discharge points, yet binary mixing of young and older groundwater at other points. In summary, groundwater within the Rio Actopan Basin watershed is relatively young (Holocene) and the majority of recharge occurs in the basin uplands and moves towards the coast.
Discharge characteristics of copper vapor laser
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Nemoto, Koshichi; Fujii, Takashi
1988-01-01
This report describes about the copper vapor laser and experimental results of it's discharge characteristics. We measured time varing of plasma regist, and analyzed electron density. (1) The plasma regist is larger than 100Ω at the beginning of discharge, and is rapidly reduced to about 10Ω. (2) The electron density is estimated about 1∼2 x 10 12 /cc at the begining of discharge. (author)
Gas Discharge Produced by Strong Microwaves of Nanosecond Duration
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Vikharev, A.L.
2000-01-01
The results of the investigation of nanosecond microwave discharge are reviewed. Nanosecond microwave discharge is a new branch of gas discharge physics. The paper lists base types of microwave generators used to produce nanosecond discharge and classifies the discharges relative to their base parameters: the way the discharge gets localized in a limited space, amplitude and frequency of microwave field, gas pressure, duration of microwave pulses. The laboratory experiments performed and the new effects which appear in nanosecond microwave discharge are briefly summarized. Different applications of such a discharge are analyzed on the basis of the experimental modelling. (author)
Niu, Xue-jiao; Dong, Li-fang; Liu, Ying; Wang, Qian; Feng, Jian-yu
2016-02-01
Square super-lattice pattern with surface discharge consisting of central spots and dim spots is firstly observed in the mixture of argon and air by using a dielectric barrier discharge device with water electrodes. By observing the image, it is found that the central spot is located at the centriod of its surrounding four dim spots. The short-exposure image recorded by a high speed video camera shows that the dim spot results from the surface discharges (SDs). The brightness of the central spot and is quite different from that of the dim spot, which indicates that the plasma states of the central spot and the dim spot may be differentiated. The optical emission spectrum method is used to further study the several plasma parameters of the central spot and the dim spot in different argon content. The emission spectra of the N₂ second positive band (C³IIu --> B³ IIg) are measured, from which the molecule vibration temperatures of the central spot and the dim spot are calculated respectively. The broadening of spectral line 696.57 nm (2P₂-->1S₅) is used to study the electron densities of the central spot and the dim spot. It is found that the molecule vibration temperature and electron density of the dim spot are higher than those of the central spot in the same argon content The molecule vibration temperature and electron density of the central spot and the dim spot increase with the argon content increasing from 90% to 99.9%. The surface discharge induced by the volume discharge (VD) has the determinative effect on the formation of the dim spot The experimental results above play an important role in studying the formation mechanism of surface discharg&of square super-lattice pattern with surface discharge. In addition, the studies exert an influence on the application of surface discharge and volume discharge in different fields.
Upper Rio Grande water operations model: A tool for enhanced system management
Gail Stockton; D. Michael Roark
1999-01-01
The Upper Rio Grande Water Operations Model (URGWOM) under development through a multi-agency effort has demonstrated capability to represent the physical river/reservoir system, to track and account for Rio Grande flows and imported San Juan flows, and to forecast flows at various points in the system. Testing of the Rio Chama portion of the water operations model was...
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Jiang, Xin-Xian; He, Feng, E-mail: hefeng@bit.edu.cn; Ouyang, Ji-Ting [School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081 (China); Chen, Qiang, E-mail: lppmchenqiang@hotmail.com; Ge, Teng [Laboratory of Plasma Physics and Materials, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 10081 (China)
2014-03-15
In this paper, a two-dimensional fluid model was developed to study the radio frequency (RF) hollow cathode discharge (HCD) in argon at 1 Torr. The evolutions of the particle density distribution and the ionization rate distribution in RF HCD at 13.56 MHz indicate that the discharge mainly occurs inside the hollow cathode. The spatio-temporal distributions of the ionization rate and the power deposition within the hollow cathode imply that sheath oscillation heating is the primary mechanism to sustain the RF HCD, whereas secondary electron emission plays a negligible role. However, as driving frequency decreases, secondary electron heating becomes a dominant mechanism to sustain the discharge in RF hollow cathode.
Inteligência emocional: estudo exploratório
Seabra, Diana Catarina Lopes
2013-01-01
A presente dissertação tem como objetivo esclarecer e refletir sobre a inteligência emocional e explorar se existe uma influência entre a atividade que o grupo exerce, o tempo de pertença e o tempo de vida do mesmo, ao nível da inteligência emocional grupal e das suas dimensões. Para tal, foi desenvolvido um estudo exploratório. A recolha dos dados realizou-se através do Questionário de Inteligência Emocional Grupal traduzido e adaptado por Correia (2010) do Group Emotional Intelligence Quest...
BAD, Cadernos
2004-01-01
• Disposições que regulam o exame de admissão ao curso de Bibliotecário-Arquivistas• Júri do exame de aptidão ao Curso de Bibliotecário-Arquivista• Actividade da Comissão Técnica Portuguesa de Normalização (CT-7).• Estágios no CDCU. (1) Regulamento• O complexo problema do livro português. O Instituto Nacional do Livro e da Bibliografia Portuguesa• Criação da «Casa-Biblioteca Tomaz da Fonseca»• Novas bibliotecas municipais em Lisboa• Arquivo Distrital de Aveiro• Fichas de Documentação - um ser...
Thermal discharge residence by Lake Michigan Salmonids
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Romberg, G.P.; Prepejchal, W.
1975-01-01
Lake Michigan salmon and trout were tagged with a thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) temperature tag to estimate their thermal exposure and residence time at a warm water discharge. Fish were collected, tagged, and released at the Point Beach Nuclear Plant, Two Rivers, Wisconsin, in the fall of 1973 and 1974. Tags were recovered during the same season, primarily from fish recaptured at Point Beach. Average uniform temperature exposure and maximum possible discharge residence time were determined. Appropriate hourly intake and discharge temperatures were averaged to calculate mean temperature exposure for the case of maximum discharge residence. Lowest discharge temperature not included within the period of maximum residence was identified to serve as a possible indicator of avoidance temperature. Mean values for the above parameters were calculated for fish species for each tagging year and are reported with the accompanying range of intake and discharge temperatures
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Graziella Ferreira Barros
2010-12-01
Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: 1 Evidenciar a perda de capacidade ventilatória no período de pós-operatório, em pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio. 2 Testar a hipótese de que o treinamento muscular respiratório (TMR, realizado após a cirurgia, pode melhorar a capacidade ventilatória nessa população. MÉTODOS: Estudo randomizado, onde 38 pacientes (idade: 65 ± 7 anos, 29 masculinos, submetidos à revascularização miocárdica com circulação extracorpórea, foram divididos em dois grupos: 23 pacientes no grupo TMR e 15 no grupo controle (CO. O grupo TMR realizou fisioterapia convencional + TMR, o grupo CO realizou apenas fisioterapia convencional. Avaliaram-se, em três momentos (pré-operatório, primeiro dia de pós-operatório e alta hospitalar, as variáveis: pressões inspiratória e expiratória máximas (Pimáx e Pemáx, dor, dispneia (Borg, pico de fluxo expiratório (PFE, volume corrente e dias de internação. RESULTADOS: A Pimáx do grupo TMR foi maior no momento da alta (90 ± 26 vs. 55 ± 38 cmH2O, P=0,01, assim como a Pemáx (99 ± 30 vs. 53 ± 26 cmH2O, P=0,02. O PFE do grupo TMR foi maior após a internação (237 ± 93 vs. 157 ± 102 lpm, P=0,02. O volume corrente dos grupos foi também diferente no momento da alta (TMR: 0,71 ± 0,21 vs. CO: 0,44 ± 0,12 litros, P=0,00. Não houve diferenças entre os grupos com relação aos dias de internação, dispneia ou dor. CONCLUSÕES: Ocorre perda de força muscular respiratória em pacientes submetidos à revascularização miocárdica. O TMR, realizado no período pós-operatório, foi eficaz em restaurar os seguintes parâmetros: Pimáx, Pemáx, PFE e volume corrente, nessa população.OBJECTIVES: 1 To demonstrate the impaired ventilatory capacity during the post operatory period, in patients submitted to coronary arterial bypass graft surgery (CABG. 2 To test the hypothesis that the respiratory muscle training (RMT, performed after the surgery, may increase the
Behaviour of multiple lightning dischargers under a tropical ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
... discharger from surrounding dischargers, instead of incre-asing with the average spacing between dischargers. The point of strike of lightning discharge depended on the line of least stress rather than the height clearance from the cloud; which determined the charge structure and dynamics of the cloud particulates.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Cintia F. Barreto
2012-09-01
Full Text Available Aiming to investigate the deposition of pollen grains and spores in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro State, 61 surface sediment samples were analyzed. The results showed that the current deposition of palynomorphs in surface sediments of Guanabara Bay represents the regional vegetation of this hydrographic basin. The differential distribution of palynomorphs followed a pattern influenced by bathymetry, tidal currents speed, discharge of numerous rivers, and by human activity. The dominance of representatives of Field Vegetation reflects the changes of the original flora caused by intense human activities in the region. The continued presence and richness of pollen types of rain forest in the samples indicates that their source area might be the vegetation from riparian border of rivers in the western sector of the Bay, where the mangrove vegetation is being preserved. The large amount of damaged palynomorphs may be related to abrasion that occurs during river transport, indicating removal or reworking from their areas of origin.Com objetivo de investigar a deposição dos grãos de pólen e esporos na Baía de Guanabara, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 61 amostras de sedimentos superficiais foram analisadas. Os resultados mostraram que a deposição atual dos palinomorfos nos sedimentos superficiais da Baía de Guanabara representa a vegetação regional de sua bacia hidrográfica. A distribuição diferencial dos palinomorfos seguiu um padrão influenciado pela batimetria, velocidade das corretes de marés, descarga dos numerosos rios e pela atividade humana. A dominância dos taxa representantes da Vegetação Campestre reflete as mudanças da flora original causadas por intensas atividades humanas na região. A presença contínua e a grande riqueza de tipos polínicos da Floresta Ombrófila nas amostras, indica que a área fonte pode ser a vegetação das bordas dos rios do setor oeste da Baía, onde a vegetação de mangue está sendo preservada. A
Pulse electrical discharges in water and their applications
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Sunka, Pavel
2001-01-01
Partial electrical discharges in a water solution as a function of conductivity have been studied experimentally. Using needle-plate electrodes it has been demonstrated that the discharge evolves in two phases. During the first streamer-like phase, the discharge propagated with a velocity of 10 6 cm/s, while during the second arc-like phase the length of the discharge remained almost constant although the current still increased. Higher solution conductivity resulted in the generation of shorter channels, in larger discharge current, and in a higher plasma electron density. Degradation of phenol by the discharge has also been demonstrated. A special metallic electrode covered by a thin layer of porous ceramic has been developed and used for generation of a multichannel discharge. At comparable solution conductivity the ceramic-coated electrode produced plasma with very similar parameters as the needle-plate electrode configuration. Generation of strong focused shock waves by the multichannel discharge in a highly conductive solution has also been demonstrated
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1995-11-01
On December 23, 1991, the US DOE< Richland Operation Office (RL) and the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) agreed to adhere to the provisions of the Department of Ecology Consent Order No. DE91NM-177 (216 Consent Order) (Ecology and US DOE 1991). The 216 Consent Order list regulatory milestones for liquid effluent streams at the Hanford Site and requires compliance with the permitting requirements of Washington Administrative Code. Hanford Site liquid effluent streams discharging to the soil column have been categorized on the 216 Consent Order as follows: Phase I Streams; Phase II Streams; Miscellaneous Streams. Phase I and Phase II Streams were initially addressed in two report. Miscellaneous Streams are subject to the requirements of several milestones identified in the 216 Consent Order. This document constitutes the Categorical State Waste Discharge Permit application for hydrotest,maintenance and construction discharges throughout the Hanford Site. This categorical permit application form was prepared and approved by Ecology
Influence of discharge parameters on capillary discharge-pumped soft X-ray laser
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Peng Huimin; Zheng Wudi; Yang Dawei; Zhao Yongpeng; Cheng Yuanli; Wang Qi
2005-01-01
Based on the wave shape of Marx device at National Key Laboratory of Tunable Laser Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, the influence of discharge parameters upon the temporal evolvement of capillary discharge produced plasmas conditions and the gain coefficient of 3p-3s transition in Neon-like Ar was simulated. In the simulation, argon with a density of 1.07 x 10 -6 g·cm -3 was filled into a ceramic capillary with an inner diameter of 3.1 mm, the peak of the discharge current pulse was 27.81 kA, and the width of the current pulse was 61.4 ns. The results show that the shorter the pulse rise time is, the higher the gain coefficient is. When the pulse rise time is 20-40 ns, the peak of the current pulse is 25-40 ns, and the current pulse width is 50-70 ns, the higher gain coefficient can be obtained. (authors)
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1995-11-01
On December 23, 1991, the US DOE< Richland Operation Office (RL) and the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) agreed to adhere to the provisions of the Department of Ecology Consent Order No. DE91NM-177 (216 Consent Order) (Ecology and US DOE 1991). The 216 Consent Order list regulatory milestones for liquid effluent streams at the Hanford Site and requires compliance with the permitting requirements of Washington Administrative Code. Hanford Site liquid effluent streams discharging to the soil column have been categorized on the 216 Consent Order as follows: Phase I Streams; Phase II Streams; Miscellaneous Streams. Phase I and Phase II Streams were initially addressed in two report. Miscellaneous Streams are subject to the requirements of several milestones identified in the 216 Consent Order. This document constitutes the Categorical State Waste Discharge Permit application for hydrotest,maintenance and construction discharges throughout the Hanford Site. This categorical permit application form was prepared and approved by Ecology.
Modeling and optimization of the multichannel spark discharge
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Zhang Zhi-Bo; Wu Yun; Jia Min; Song Hui-Min; Li Ying-Hong; Sun Zheng-Zhong
2017-01-01
This paper reports a novel analytic model of this multichannel spark discharge, considering the delay time in the breakdown process, the electric transforming of the discharge channel from a capacitor to a resistor induced by the air breakdown, and the varying plasma resistance in the discharge process. The good agreement between the experimental and the simulated results validated the accuracy of this model. Based on this model, the influence of the circuit parameters on the maximum discharge channel number (MDCN) is investigated. Both the input voltage amplitude and the breakdown voltage threshold of each discharge channel play a critical role. With the increase of the input voltage and the decrease of the breakdown voltage, the MCDN increases almost linearly. With the increase of the discharge capacitance, the MDCN first rises and then remains almost constant. With the increase of the circuit inductance, the MDCN increases slowly but decreases quickly when the inductance increases over a certain value. There is an optimal value of the capacitor connected to the discharge channel corresponding to the MDCN. Finally, based on these results, to shorten the discharge time, a modified multichannel discharge circuit is developed and validated by the experiment. With only 6-kV input voltage, 31-channels discharge is achieved. The breakdown voltage of each electrode gap is larger than 3 kV. The modified discharge circuit is certain to be widely used in the PSJA flow control field. (paper)
Note: A phase synchronization photography method for AC discharge
Wu, Zhicheng; Zhang, Qiaogen; Ma, Jingtan; Pang, Lei
2018-05-01
To research discharge physics under AC voltage, a phase synchronization photography method is presented. By using a permanent-magnet synchronous motor to drive a photography mask synchronized with a discharge power supply, discharge images in a specific phase window can be recorded. Some examples of discharges photographed by this method, including the corona discharge in SF6 and the corona discharge along the air/epoxy surface, demonstrate the feasibility of this method. Therefore, this method provides an effective tool for discharge physics researchers.
Modeling of Pulsed Direct-Current Glow Discharge
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Du Mu; Zheng Yaru; Fan Yujia; Zhang Nan; Liu Chengsen; Wang Dezhen
2010-01-01
A self-consistent model was adopted to study the time evolution of low-voltage pulsed DC glow discharge. The distributions of electric field, ion density and electron density in nitrogen were investigated in our simulation, and the temporal shape of the discharge current was also obtained. Our results show that the dynamic behaviors of the discharge depends strongly on the applied pulse voltage, and the use of higher pulse voltages results in a significantly increase of discharge current and a decrease of discharge delay time. The current-voltage characteristic calculated by adjusting secondary electron emission coefficient for different applied pulse voltage under the gas pressure of 1 Torr is found in a reasonable agreement with the experimental results.
Paschen like behavior in argon RF discharge
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Al-Jwaady, Y. I.
2011-01-01
A 13.56 MHz radio frequency inductively coupled discharge system is used in this work to study the relation between Argon gas pressure in the discharge chamber and the threshold breakdown RF power needed to create the discharge. Experimental results indicated that although the data involve some features related to the traditional Paschen relation used in Dc discharge, this relation cannot provide a quantitative description of experimental data. For such reason, a modified from Paschen relation is suggested. The modified relation provides good agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, it seems that the Paschen relation will have significant reflections on the behavior of the transit process from capacitive to inductive discharge. This is demonstrated by studying the transit region. (author)
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Atelene Normann Kämpf
1999-09-01
Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o segmento da produção de flores e plantas ornamentais no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, por meio de um levantamento a campo. O estudo faz parte de um projeto global, apoiado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Floricultura (IBRAFLOR e pelo Ministério da Agricultura e do Abastecimento (MAARA, através do Departamento Nacional de Cooperativismo (DENACOOP. Com base nos formulários preenchidos nas propriedades, foi elaborado um cadastro dos floricultores, com seus endereços e produções. A floricultura gaúcha conta com 257 produtores, que cultivam o total de 304ha em 65 municípios; 30% dessa área é ocupada com flores de corte, 33% com mudas para jardim, 29% com outros produtos da floricultura e 8% com plantas envasadas. O sistema de cultivo predominante é a céu aberto (89%, com baixos investimentos tecnológicos.A survey was conducted to quantify flower and ornamental plant production in the State of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The Brazilian Floriculture Institute (IBRAFLOR and the Agriculture Ministry (MAARA - DENACOOP granted this research. Based on an inventory formulary a catalog including the nurseries, addresses and main crops was elaborated. There are 257 growers in this State with an area of 304ha distributed among 65 counties; 30% of this area are cultivated with cut flowers, 33% with annuals and perennials for garden, 29% with other floriculture products and 8% with potted plants. The main system of cultivation is not protected with low technological investments.
76 FR 6517 - San Luis & Rio Grande Railroad-Petition for a Declaratory Order
2011-02-04
... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Surface Transportation Board [Docket No. FD 35380] San Luis & Rio... petition filed by San Luis & Rio Grande Railroad (SLRG), the Board instituted a declaratory order... proposed operation of a truck-to-rail transload facility in Antonito, Colorado. See San Luis & Rio Grande R...
Electromagnetically Inferred Structure of the Caja del Rio Plateau, New Mexico
Layton, M. E.; Speed, C.; Shukla, M.; Vila, A.; Chon, E.; Kitamikado, C.; Feucht, D. W.; Bedrosian, P.; Pellerin, L.
2016-12-01
Magnetotelluric (MT) and transient electromagnetic (TEM) data were acquired by students from the Summer of Applied Geophysical Experience (SAGE) to construct structural models in and around the Caja del Rio Plateau, New Mexico. The Caja del Rio is located on the La Bajada-Jemez constriction that separates the Española and Santa Domingo basins in the Rio Grande Rift. The Rio Grande Rift, the result of tectonic extensional forces, extends approximately north-south across northern New Mexico. MT data collected in 2016 were merged with that from previous years to make up an 11 km north line and a 16 km south line extending from the west side of the Caja Del Rio to the east off the plateau in the Old Buckman Road area. The resistivity distributions revealed in one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) inverse models show some robust features. Models of the north are interpreted as a top resistive layer (convention) point in the northwest direction towards the conductive Valles Caldera. The MT models are consistent with geologic interpretations of the stratigraphic units. In addition, models disclose an additional conductive layer below the basement that we interpret as the mid-crustal conductor. Transient electromagnetic (TEM) data were collected in seven locations atop the Caja del Rio plateau in an attempt to identify the basal contact of the Cerros del Rio volcanic field, which, in turn, allow for the thickness of these basaltic and andesitic deposits to be mapped across the plateau. One-dimensional inverse models produced from the TEM data were aligned and interpreted geologically. A resistive ( 1000 ohm-m) unit, interpreted to represent the Cerros del Rio volcanics, thickens from 70m to 175m from southeast to northwest. The volcanics are overlain by a thin conductor, interpreted as weathered material. The resistive body is underlain by a thicker conductor, interpreted as sedimentary rocks of the Tertiary-aged Santa Fe Group.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Andrea Bayerl Mongim
2015-12-01
Full Text Available Resumo: Este artigo analisa itinerários sociais de estudantes oriundos de famílias consideradas de classes populares e beneficiários do ProUni. Discute o processo de constituição de significados e de incorporação prática de princípios que concorreram para construção e objetivação do projeto de aquisição do título universitário. Tal projeto é construído de forma não naturalizada, efetivando-se pela interação com agentes mediadores, posicionados em quadros institucionais que ultrapassam os limites das redes de relações da família nuclear. A conclusão do curso superior representa a possibilidade de exercer profissão melhor remunerada e valorizada e de incluir-se em grupo de maior prestígio e status.
A satisfação do usuário em hospital universitário User satisfaction at a university hospital
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Antonio C. Lemme
1991-02-01
Full Text Available São apresentados resultados de uma pesquisa exploratória da satisfação/insatisfação de 158 pacientes que recorreram a um Hospital Universitário (HUPE para consulta inicial. As entrevistas foram feitas por alunos do primeiro ano, como parte de projeto de inserção precoce do mesmo com a prática médica, acompanhando pacientes como observadores. Foi utilizado questionário que cobriu os vários aspectos do problema: variáveis sócio-demográficas, arte do cuidado, resolutividade da consulta médica, sugestões de melhoria dos serviços. Tanto alunos/observadores como os usuários conseguiram perceber com precisão os problemas do processo do atendimento (recepção, matrícula, consulta, enfermagem, serviço social, farmácia, exames complementares mas houve divergência de opinião entre vários aspectos da satisfação/insatisfação entre alunos e usuários, provavelmente devido às origens sociais diferentes e expectativas diversas.The results of a research project into the level of satisfaction/dissatisfaction of 158 first-time patients attending by an University hospital, Brazil, are presented. The interviews were carried out by first year medical students as part of a comprehensive project concerned with the restructuring of the Medical Curriculum. Its prime objective was to expose the students to patients/consumers as early as possible in their studies. After an introductory training program, the students asked the patients arriving at the hospital out-patient clinic for permission to observe them throughout the attendance given. A questionnaire was used which covered the various aspects of the consumers relationship with a medical institution (socio-economic variables, "art of care", outcome of the medical encounter and suggestions for improvement. Both patients and students were able to perceive the different problems that patients confront in the course of their dealings with a medical institution (reception, registration
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ívina Catarina de Oliveira Guimarães
2012-04-01
Full Text Available This study deals with development of a "dulce de leche" (DL with coffee, with low caloric content and functional properties. Through rotational central composite design, eleven DLs were formulated with different polydextrose and sucralose levels. The results were analyzed by means of response surface and ANOVA. The addition of polydextrose led to the increase in moisture and water activity and reduction in the ash and soluble solids contents. In the formulations with greater levels of sucralose and polydextrose, there was an increase in the ash, acid and fiber content. Greater yield was achieved with greater concentrations of polydextrose and less substitution of sucrose by sucralose, allowing development of a new functional product with low caloric content.Esta pesquisa trata do desenvolvimento de um doce de leite com café, de baixo valor calórico e funcional. Por meio do delineamento composto central rotacional, foram formulados onze doces de leite com diferentes níveis de polidextrose e sucralose. Os resultados foram analisados por meio de superfície de resposta e ANOVA. A adição da polidextrose influenciou no aumento da umidade e atividade de água e redução nos teores de cinza e sólidos solúveis. Nas formulações com maiores níveis de sucralose e polidextrose, houve incremento no teor de cinza, acidez e fibras. Maiores rendimentos foram alcançados com maiores concentrações de polidextrose e menor substituição de sacarose por sucralose, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de um novo produto de baixo valor calórico e funcional.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Aline R. Paraguassú
2007-09-01
Full Text Available Entre abril de 2002 e julho de 2003, foram necropsiados 231 espécimes de peixes: 39 Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758, 79 A. fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819, 23 Hypostomus affinis (Steindachner, 1877, 26 Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794, 30 Loricariichthys castaneus (Castelnau, 1855 e 34 Trachelyopterus striatulus (Steindachner, 1876 provenientes do Reservatório de Lajes (22º42' - 22º50'S, 43º53' 44º05'O, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, para estudo das suas comunidades parasitárias. A maioria dos espécimes de H. affinis (95,6% e H. malabaricus (84,6% estavam parasitados por pelo menos uma espécie de metazoário. Em A. bimaculatus, A. fasciatus, L. castaneus e T. striatulus 41%, 39,2%, 56,7% e 14,7% dos espécimes estavam parasitados, respectivamente. Foram coletadas oito diferentes espécies de metazoários parasitos: 2 em A. bimaculatus, 3 em A. fasciatus, 3 em H. affinis, 4 em H. malabaricus, 4 em L. castaneus e 1 em T. striatulus. As comunidades de metazoários parasitos das seis espécies de peixes estudadas apresentaram típico padrão de distribuição agregada. Foram observados dois casos de correlação negativa entre a abundância e a prevalência parasitárias e o comprimento total dos hospedeiros. A comunidade parasitária de L. castaneus apresentou os maiores valores de intensidade média, índice de dispersão e diversidade. As comunidades parasitárias dos peixes estudados apresentaram escassez de correlação entre a abundância, riqueza parasitária e diversidade com o comprimento total dos hospedeiros. Os baixos valores de riqueza e diversidade das comuni-dades parasitárias podem ser atribuídos as características oligotróficas do Reservatório de Lajes.From April 2002 to July 2003, 231 freshwater fishes from Lajes Reservoir in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (22º42' - 22º50'S, 43º53' - 44º05'W were necropsied to study their community metazoan parasites: 39 Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758, 79 A. fasciatus
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mônica dos Santos Marçal
2015-09-01
Full Text Available O trabalho foi desenvolvido no vale do alto curso do rio Macaé, norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro, e tem como objetivo apresentar as análises geomorfológicas e estratigráficas, além das idades obtidas com o método da luminescência (LOE, realizadas em feições sedimentares de terraços fluviais. Foram selecionadas duas áreas de sedimentação denominadas AS-1, localizada mais a montante do vale, e AS-2 mais a jusante. As feições ocorrem em quatro níveis, sendo três níveis de terraço fluvial, denominados Nível Superior (T1, Nível Intermediário (T2 e Nível Inferior (T3, e um Nível de Planície de Inundação atual (PI. Estão distribuídos de forma descontínua, predominantemente na margem esquerda do rio Macaé, sendo que a planície de inundação (PI ocorre em níveis diferentes em cada margem do vale. Os resultados obtidos das datações por LOE para os sedimentos dos três níveis de terraços (T1, T2 e T3 apresentam boa correspondência às evidências geomorfológicas e estratigráficas utilizadas na definição dos níveis deposicionais aluviais.
Flywheel Charge/Discharge Control Developed
Beach, Raymond.F.; Kenny, Barbara H.
2001-01-01
A control algorithm developed at the NASA Glenn Research Center will allow a flywheel energy storage system to interface with the electrical bus of a space power system. The controller allows the flywheel to operate in both charge and discharge modes. Charge mode is used to store additional energy generated by the solar arrays on the spacecraft during insolation. During charge mode, the flywheel spins up to store the additional electrical energy as rotational mechanical energy. Discharge mode is used during eclipse when the flywheel provides the power to the spacecraft. During discharge mode, the flywheel spins down to release the stored rotational energy.
Legal aspects of thermal discharges
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Martin, A.J.
1974-01-01
An overview of those legal areas which directly affect technical and planning decisions is presented in the form of 2 legal approaches which constrain the indiscriminate release of thermal discharges to receiving waters. One takes the form of private remedies which have traditionally been available to aggrieved parties who are in some way damaged by the harmful discharge. The 2nd approach utilizes the various statutory constraints leading to direct governmental action. It appears that statutory law is playing the prominent role in restricting the temperature to which receiving waters may be raised as a result of such discharges by using effluent limitations and water quality standards. (Water Resour. Abstr.)
The making of local hospital discharge arrangements
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Burau, Viola; Bro, Flemming
2015-01-01
Background Timely discharge is a key component of contemporary hospital governance and raises questions about how to move to more explicit discharge arrangements. Although associated organisational changes closely intersect with professional interests, there are relatively few studies in the lite......Background Timely discharge is a key component of contemporary hospital governance and raises questions about how to move to more explicit discharge arrangements. Although associated organisational changes closely intersect with professional interests, there are relatively few studies...... in the literature on hospital discharge that explicitly examine the role of professional groups. Recent contributions to the literature on organisational studies of the professions help to specify how professional groups in hospitals contribute to the introduction and routinisation of discharge arrangements...... for patients with prostate cancer in two hospitals in Denmark. This represents a typical case that involves changes in professional practice without being first and foremost a professional project. The multiple case design also makes the findings more robust. The analysis draws from 12 focus groups...
Barros, Susana; Cambão, Marta; Vieira, Sandra; Estevinho, Leticia M.
2005-01-01
O sistema urinário é uma das quatro vias de excreção existentes no corpo humano. A sua exposição a factores exteriores e/ou interiores torna-o sensível a diversas infecções, pelo que, actualmente, em termos de quadro clínico. as patologias relacionadas com as infecções do tracto urinário (ITU), nomeadamente, a uretrite, cistite, síndroma uretral agudo e pielonefrite, são bastantes comuns.
El ocaso y la gloria de Nariño
Mejía López, Amparo
1993-01-01
"Amediados del mes de agosto de 1823, Don Antonio Nariño, cansado y enfermo, salió de Santafé de Bogotá con rumbo a la Villa de Leyva, para restablecer su salud. En la apacible Villa encontró paz espiritual al paso que su salud declinaba. En los primero días de diciembre salió de paseo a los municipios de Tinjacá y Sutamarchán, en la Villa visitó a sus amistades más cercanas. En sus palabras se advertía la despedida final. El 13 de diciembre, hacia las once de la mañana su estado de salud se ...
Kruszelnicki, Juliusz; Engeling, Kenneth W.; Foster, John E.; Kushner, Mark J.
2016-09-01
Atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) sustained in packed bed reactors (PBRs) are being investigated for conversion of toxic and waste gases, and CO2 removal. These discharges are repetitively pulsed having varying flow rates and internal geometries, which results in species from the prior pulse still being in the discharge zone at the time the following discharge pulse occurs. A non-negligible residual plasma density remains, which effectively acts as preionization. This residual charge changes the discharge properties of subsequent pulses, and may impact important PBR properties such as chemical selectivity. Similarly, the residual neutral reactive species produced during earlier pulses will impact the reaction rates on subsequent pulses. We report on results of a computational investigation of a 2D PBR using the plasma hydrodynamics simulator nonPDPSIM. Results will be discussed for air flowing though an array of dielectric rods at atmospheric pressure. The effects of inter-pulse residual species on PBR discharges will be quantified. Means of controlling the presence of residual species in the reactor through gas flow rate, pulse repetition, pulse width and geometry will be described. Comparisons will be made to experiments. Work supported by US DOE Office of Fusion Energy Science and the National Science Foundation.
48 CFR 252.217-7014 - Discharge of liens.
2010-10-01
... discharged, any lien or right in rem of any kind, other than in favor of the Government, that exists or...) If any lien or right in rem is not immediately discharged, the Government, at the expense of the Contractor, may discharge, or cause to be discharged, the lien or right. (End of clause) ...
EPA Region 1 No Discharge Zones
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — This dataset details No Discharge Zones (NDZ) for New England. Boaters may not discharge waste into these areas. Boundaries were determined mostly by Federal...
Plasma breakdown of low-pressure gas discharges
Wagenaars, E.
2006-01-01
Natural gas discharges like lightning and polar light are spectacular phenomena that have impressed and fascinated people for a long time. During the last two centuries, people have learned how to create their own gas discharges and how to make use of them. Nowadays, man-made gas discharges are
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Joaquim Pires Valentim
2013-03-01
Full Text Available The present paper is a commentary on the talks given by Torres and Álvaro and by Krüger regarding Brazilian Social Psychology in the international context. Starting with a brief contrast with the situation in Portugal, this commentary next approaches, in a synthetic way, questions that cut across social psychology in the international setting, namely, those related with the recurrent dichotomy individual/collective, the great advances in social neuroscience, the study of minorities, the scarcity of psychosocial research about colonialism, and lastly, contemporary issues of science and educational policy.Faz-se aqui um comentário às intervenções de Torres e Álvaro e de Krüger sobre a Psicologia Social brasileira no cenário internacional. Começando por estabelecer um breve contraste com a situação em Portugal, de seguida este comentário aborda, de forma sintética, questões transversais à psicologia social no cenário internacional, designadamente as que se relacionam com a recorrente dicotomia individual/coletivo, os enormes avanços na neurociência social, o estudo das minorias, a escassez de estudos psicossociais sobre o colonialismo e, por último, questões contemporâneas de política científica e de ensino.
Palla, A D; Zimmerman, J W; Woodard, B S; Carroll, D L; Verdeyen, J T; Lim, T C; Solomon, W C
2007-07-26
Laser oscillation at 1315 nm on the I(2P1/2)-->I(2P3/2) transition of atomic iodine has been obtained by a near resonant energy transfer from O2(a1Delta) produced using a low-pressure oxygen/helium/nitric oxide discharge. In the electric discharge oxygen-iodine laser (ElectricOIL) the discharge production of atomic oxygen, ozone, and other excited species adds levels of complexity to the singlet oxygen generator (SOG) kinetics which are not encountered in a classic purely chemical O2(a1Delta) generation system. The advanced model BLAZE-IV has been introduced to study the energy-transfer laser system dynamics and kinetics. Levels of singlet oxygen, oxygen atoms, and ozone are measured experimentally and compared with calculations. The new BLAZE-IV model is in reasonable agreement with O3, O atom, and gas temperature measurements but is under-predicting the increase in O2(a1Delta) concentration resulting from the presence of NO in the discharge and under-predicting the O2(b1Sigma) concentrations. A key conclusion is that the removal of oxygen atoms by NOX species leads to a significant increase in O2(a1Delta) concentrations downstream of the discharge in part via a recycling process; however, there are still some important processes related to the NOX discharge kinetics that are missing from the present modeling. Further, the removal of oxygen atoms dramatically inhibits the production of ozone in the downstream kinetics.
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Rafaela P. Ota
Full Text Available A new Hemigrammusis described from the rio Paraguai and rio Madeira basins, Mato Grosso and Rondônia States, Brazil. The new species is characterized by possessing a wide dark horizontal stripe across the eye, a vertically elongated humeral blotch, and 4-5 gill-rakers on upper branch and 9-10 on lower. The new species can be easily diagnosed from H. lunatus, the sympatric and morphologically most similar congener, by the shape of humeral blotch and the number of gill rakers. Data of the type material of both Hemigrammus lunatus and H. maxillaris, as well as extensive examination of specimens, allowed us to conclude that H. maxillarisis a junior subjective synonym of H. lunatus. A redescription of H. lunatus, as well as a formal restriction of its type locality, is provided. A putative monophyletic group within Hemigrammus, composed by H. barrigonae, Hemigrammus lunatus, H. machadoi new species, and H. ulreyi, named Hemigrammus lunatus group, is proposed based on overall body morphology and color pattern. Additionally, a discussion on the biogeographical relationships between the rio Paraguai and rio Guaporé basins is provided.
Chaves,Josefa Sieira Caamaño; Marin,Victor Augustus
2010-01-01
INTRODUÇÃO: O Controle Externo da Qualidade (CEQ) é uma ferramenta importante para a garantia da qualidade das análises laboratoriais, auxiliando o laboratório a avaliar a eficiência da fase analítica de seus processos. Um resultado errôneo de uma análise prejudica a conclusão do diagnóstico de uma enfermidade e a indicação correta do tratamento a ser tomado. As inspeções sanitárias em laboratórios clínicos (LCs) no estado do Rio de Janeiro são feitas com base no roteiro de inspeção sanitária...
Controlo dos acessórios de elevação
Costa, Ana Luisa Nogueira da
2016-01-01
Relatório de Estágio apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Segurança e Higiene no Trabalho O relatório é o trabalho final da 8ª Edição do Mestrado de Segurança e Higiene no Trabalho, da Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais em parceria com a Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Setúbal, do Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. O estágio desenrolou-se nas instalações da empresa LUSOSIDER, sob a orientação da Técnica Superior em SHST Eng....
Fundamental Study on Electrical Discharge Machining
Uno, Yoshiyuki; Nakajima, Toshikatsu; Endo, Osamu
1989-01-01
The generation mechanism of crater in electrical discharge machining is analyzed with a single pulse discharge device for alloy tool steel, black alumina ceramics, cermet and cemented carbide, investigating the gap voltage, the discharge current, the shape of crater, the wear of electrode and so on. The experimental analysis makes it clear that the shape of crater has a characteristic feature for the kind of workpiece. The shape of electrode, which changes with the wear by an electric spark, ...
Groundwater Discharge along a Channelized Coastal Plain Stream
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
LaSage, Danita M [Ky Dept for natural resources, Div of Mine Permits; Sexton, Joshua L [JL Sexton and Son; Mukherjee, Abhijit [Univ of Tx, Jackson School of Geosciences, Bur of Econ. Geology; Fryar, Alan E [Univ of KY, Dept of Earth and Geoligical Sciences; Greb, Stephen F [Univ of KY, KY Geological Survey
2015-10-01
In the Coastal Plain of the southeastern USA, streams have commonly been artificially channelized for flood control and agricultural drainage. However, groundwater discharge along such streams has received relatively little attention. Using a combination of stream- and spring-flow measurements, spring temperature measurements, temperature profiling along the stream-bed, and geologic mapping, we delineated zones of diffuse and focused discharge along Little Bayou Creek, a channelized, first-order perennial stream in western Kentucky. Seasonal variability in groundwater discharge mimics hydraulic-head fluctuations in a nearby monitoring well and spring-discharge fluctuations elsewhere in the region, and is likely to reflect seasonal variability in recharge. Diffuse discharge occurs where the stream is incised into the semi-confined regional gravel aquifer, which is comprised of the Mounds Gravel. Focused discharge occurs upstream where the channel appears to have intersected preferential pathways within the confining unit. Seasonal fluctuations in discharge from individual springs are repressed where piping results in bank collapse. Thereby, focused discharge can contribute to the morphological evolution of the stream channel.
Dielectric barrier discharge in a two-phase mixture
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ye Qizheng; Zhang Ting; Lu Fei; Li Jin; He Zhenghao; Lin Fuchang [College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074 (China)
2008-01-21
This paper reports the experimental investigation of the dielectric barrier discharge in which the gap area is filled with a two-phase mixture (TPM), air and solid particles. We found that there are two kinds of discharges in the TPM. One is the surface discharge generated on the surface of the solid particles and the other is the filament discharge generated in the air void. For the case of low volume fraction of solid particles, the surface discharge starts to occur when the applied voltage is higher than the onset voltage. At a further voltage increase, the filament discharge takes place at the same time. For the case of high volume fraction, such as the packed-bed reactor, only the surface discharge exists. Under the condition of the same volume fraction, the larger the diameter of the solid particles, the lower the surface discharge onset voltage. As a conclusion, we think that the plasma reactor using the form of low volume fraction of solid particles may be a better choice for waste-gas treatment enhanced by catalysts.
Plants, arthropods, and birds of the Rio Grande [chapter 7
Deborah M. Finch; Gale L. Wolters; Wang Yong; Mary Jean Mund
1995-01-01
Human populations have increased dramatically along the Rio Grande since European settlement. Human use of water for irrigation and consumption, and human use of land for agriculture, urban centers, livestock grazing, and recreation have changed Rio Grande ecosystems by altering flood cycles, channel geomorphology, upslope processes, and water quality and quantity....
Breves comentários sobre as teorias marxistas de imigração
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Raul Felix Barbosa
2017-10-01
Full Text Available Sabe-se que o capitalismo possui sua parcela de responsabilidade nos movimentos migratórios, voluntários ou forçados, do período pós-revolução industrial. Apesar de Karl Marx não ter abordado diretamente a questão migratório, a teoria marxista e neomarxista se ocupa de explicar os processos migratórios. Esse artigo realiza um levantamento das teorias migratórias de origem marxista apresentando-as, bem como as críticas recebidas.
Discharge estimation in a backwater affected meandering river
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H. Hidayat
2011-08-01
Full Text Available Variable effects of backwaters complicate the development of rating curves at hydrometric measurement stations. In areas influenced by backwater, single-parameter rating curve techniques are often inapplicable. To overcome this, several authors have advocated the use of an additional downstream level gauge to estimate the longitudinal surface level gradient, but this is cumbersome in a lowland meandering river with considerable transverse surface level gradients. Recent developments allow river flow to be continuously monitored through velocity measurements with an acoustic Doppler current profiler (H-ADCP, deployed horizontally at a river bank. This approach was adopted to obtain continuous discharge estimates at a cross-section in the River Mahakam at a station located about 300 km upstream of the river mouth in the Mahakam delta. The discharge station represents an area influenced by variable backwater effects from lakes, tributaries and floodplain ponds, and by tides. We applied both the standard index velocity method and a recently developed methodology to obtain a continuous time-series of discharge from the H-ADCP data. Measurements with a boat-mounted ADCP were used for calibration and validation of the model to translate H-ADCP velocity to discharge. As a comparison with conventional discharge estimation techniques, a stage-discharge relation using Jones formula was developed. The discharge rate at the station exceeded 3250 m3 s−1. Discharge series from a traditional stage-discharge relation did not capture the overall discharge dynamics, as inferred from H-ADCP data. For a specific river stage, the discharge range could be as high as 2000 m3 s−1, which is far beyond what could be explained from kinematic wave dynamics. Backwater effects from lakes were shown to be significant, whereas interaction of the river flow with tides may impact discharge variation in the fortnightly frequency band
Influence of discharge gap on the discharge stability in a short vacuum arc ion source
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Chen, L. [Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900 (China); Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 (China); Zhang, G. L.; Jin, D. Z.; Dai, J. Y. [Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900 (China); Yang, L. [Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Louzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 (China)
2012-02-15
The influence of the discharge gap between cathode and anode on the discharge stability in a short vacuum arc (SVA) ion source is presented in this paper. Planar cathode and cylindrical hollow anode made of titanium are investigated. There is a great need in present accelerator injection research for SVA source to produce the small deviation of the ion current beam. Current research shows that increasing the short discharge gap can reduce the level of ion current deviation and ion charge deviation from 29% and 31% to 15% and 17%, respectively. A microplasma plume generation mechanism in SVA and scanning electron microscopic results can be used to explain this interesting phenomenon.
Lucia Martins de Magalhães Pierantoni; Ivone Evangelista Cabral
2009-01-01
Buscou-se caracterizar as crianças envolvidas em situação de violência e seus familiares, e analisar o papel social do agressor/protetor no círculo da violência. Estudo quantitativo descritivo foi desenvolvido no Ambulatório da Família de um Hospital do Rio de Janeiro, entre 2006 e 2007. Dados do prontuário de 44 crianças demonstraram intensa relação entre pobreza, baixa escolaridade e gênero na matriz social da violência. Houve maior registro de meninos (64%) expostos a violência do que meni...
The discharge characteristics in nitrogen helicon plasma
Zhao, Gao; Wang, Huihui; Si, Xinlu; Ouyang, Jiting; Chen, Qiang; Tan, Chang
2017-12-01
Discharge characteristics of helicon plasma in nitrogen and argon-nitrogen mixtures were investigated experimentally by using a Langmuir probe, a B-dot probe, and an optical emission spectrum. Helicon wave discharge is confirmed by the changes of electron density and electromagnetic signal amplitude with the increasing RF power, which shows three discharge stages in nitrogen, corresponding to E-mode, H-mode, and W-mode discharges in helicon plasma, respectively. Discharge images in the radial cross section at different discharge modes through an intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) show a rapid increase in luminous intensity along with the RF power. When the nitrogen discharge is in the W-mode, the images show that the strongest luminance locates near the plasma boundary and no blue core appears in the axial center of tube, which is always observed in argon W-mode discharge. The "big blue" or blue core is a special character in helicon plasma, but it has not been observed in nitrogen helicon plasma. In nitrogen-argon mixtures, a weak blue core is observed in ICCD images since the nitrogen content is increased. The electric field turns to the periphery in the distribution of the radial field and the electron temperature decreases with the increasing nitrogen content, especially when the blue core disappears. The different behaviors of the electron impact and the energy consumption in nitrogen helicon plasma are suggested to be responsible for the decrease in electron energy and the change in the electric field distribution.
Saúde reprodutiva e mulheres indígenas do Alto Rio Negro
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Marta Azevedo
Full Text Available O presente artigo descreve e analisa as concepções próprias das mulheres indígenas do Alto Rio Negro sobre saúde reprodutiva, relacionando-as a indicadores de fecundidade. As informações qualitativas apontam para um conhecimento detalhado e complexo que as mulheres indígenas dessa região possuem sobre seu corpo e os cuidados com sua saúde. Os níveis e padrões etários da fecundidade estão relacionados com a etnia das mulheres, portanto, aos sistemas tradicionais de cuidados com a saúde desses povos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida entre 1997 e 2003, na região de Iauaretê, Terra Indígena Alto Rio Negro (AM, e teve como primeira fonte de dados o Censo Indígena Autônomo do Rio Negro - CIARN-, levado a efeito pela Federação das Organizações Indígenas do Rio Negro - FOIRN - em 1992.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
A. Siviero
2012-01-01
Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar levantamento das espécies vegetais de uso medicinal cultivadas em quintais urbanos da cidade de Rio Branco. Foram realizadas entrevistas presenciais com aplicação de questionário especifico registrando as espécies vegetais de uso medicinal e dados sócio-econômicos dos moradores em 132 quintais urbanos de Rio Branco entre 2009 e 2010. Os bairros selecionados para o estudo foram: Aeroporto Velho, Placas, e Novo Horizonte, todos situados na periferia do município. Foram detectadas 83 espécies vegetais de uso medicinal pertencente a 50 famílias botânicas com destaque para Lamiaceae (12,0% e Asteraceae (6,0%, sendo 66,2% exóticas, e 28,9% e 16,8%, associadas ao uso alimentar e ornamental, respectivamente. A decocção das folhas visando à obtenção do chá foi o principal modo de preparo das plantas. A análise de regressão logística entre a riqueza de espécies e diversos fatores socioeconômicos dos entrevistados mostrou que a probabilidade de ocorrência de espécies é três vezes maior em quintais manejados por moradores com idade superior a 50 anos de idade. A análise de correlação não paramétrica de fatores quantitativos mostrou que a variável tempo de moradia está mais correlacionada com a riqueza de plantas medicinais do que a variável idade. O cultivo das plantas medicinais em quintais urbanos de Rio Branco auxilia no combate a doenças e promove a conservação ex situ da agrobiodiversidade agroflorestal, bem estar aos moradores pela melhoria da paisagem, ambiência microclimática e espaço de lazer.This study aimed to survey the medicinal plant species grown in urban backyards in the city of Rio Branco. Personal interviews were conducted by applying a specific questionnaire recording the plant species of medicinal use and the socioeconomic data of residents in 132 urban backyards in Rio Branco between 2009 and 2010. The districts selected for the study were "Aeroporto
High-repetition-rate short-pulse gas discharge.
Tulip, J; Seguin, H; Mace, P N
1979-09-01
A high-average-power short-pulse gas discharge is described. This consists of a volume-preionized transverse discharge of the type used in gas lasers driven by a Blumlein energy storage circuit. The Blumlein circuit is fabricated from coaxial cable, is pulse-charged from a high-repetition-rate Marx-bank generator, and is switched by a high-repetition-rate segmented rail gap. The operation of this discharge under conditions typical of rare-gas halide lasers is described. A maximum of 900 pps was obtained, giving a power flow into the discharge of 30 kW.
Cum grano salis - NAA of selected salts
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Steinhauser, G.; Sterba, J.H.; Poljanc, K.; Bichler, M.; Buchtela, K.
2006-01-01
The aim of this study was to investigate the trace element concentrations of salt samples from different regions, in particular Austria, Germany, Pakistan, Poland, Switzerland, and Ukraine. Investigated types of salt were Rock-, Sea-, Lake-, and Evaporated Salt. The main objective was to find out whether the consumption of salt can contribute significantly to the daily human requirements of trace elements. Therefore, trace element concentrations in the untreated samples were compared to those of specially treated samples, simulating digestive uptake using a simple model. Salt is a non-trivial matrix for Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) because of very high background activities from 38 Cl and 24 Na, as well as the bremsstrahlung of 32 P (originating from 35 Cl(n,α) 32 P). Because of this fact, detection limits in salt are higher compared to other matrices. Nevertheless, several elements could be detected, namely Al, Ba, Br, (Ca), Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Hf, La, Mn, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Sr, Ta, Tb, Th, and Zn, some of them only in single samples. In most samples the concentrations of trace elements in salt were too low to show biological effects. Salt can therefore only significantly contribute the essential elements sodium, chlorine, and, if added on purpose, fluorine and iodine to human nutrition. The contribution of all other traces in salt to the average daily human requirements can be neglected. Thus, from an analytical point of view, there is no health reason to use unpurified salt. There are, however, a few drawbacks to the use of unpurified salt, as hygroscopic compounds like MgCl 2 , and even toxic heavy metals like chromium or thorium. Especially rare earth element (REE) concentrations can often be used to obtain a chemical fingerprint, which can be used to identify the origin of an unknown sample. In the case of this study, the sample number from each region was too small to collect significant data. Therefore more analytical information is needed for a conclusive result in this respect. (author)
Monitorização da ponte sobre o rio Kwanza na Cabala
Oliveira Santos, L.; Santos, J.; Xu, Min
2011-01-01
A presente comunicação visa divulgar os trabalhos de monitorização da nova ponte sobre o rio Kwanza, na localidade da Cabala, levados a cabo pelo Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil e pelo Laboratório de Engenharia de Angola. Para além da apresentação do plano geral de observação e da descrição dos ensaios estáticos e dinâmicos realizados no final da construção, é dada uma ênfase particular a aspectos inovadores, como a monitorização do nível do rio e da evolução morfol...
Consolidation of materials by pulse-discharge processes
Strizhakov, E. L.; Nescoromniy, S. V.
2017-07-01
The article presents the research and the analysis of the pulse-discharge processes of capacitor discharge sintering: CD Stud Welding, capacitor discharge percussion welding (CDPW), high-voltage capacitor welding with an inductive-dynamic drive (HVCW with IDD), pulse electric current sintering (PECS) of powders. The comparative analysis of the impact parameter is presented.
Discharge cleaning of carbon deposits
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mozetic, M.; Vesel, A.; Drenik, A.
2006-01-01
Experimental results of discharge cleaning of carbon deposits are presented. Deposits were prepared by creating plasma in pure methane. The methane was cracked in RF discharge at the output power of 250 W. The resultant radicals were bonded to the wall of discharge vessel forming a thin film of hydrogenated black carbon with the thickness of about 200nm. The film was then cleaned in situ by oxygen plasma with the density of about 1x10 16 m -3 , electron temperature of 5 eV, neutral gas kinetic temperature of about 100 0 C and neutral atom density of 6x10 21 m -3 . The treatment time was 30 minutes. The efficiency of plasma cleaning was monitored by optical emission spectroscopy. As long as the wall was contaminated with carbon deposit, substantial emission of the CO molecules was detected. As the cleaning was in progress, the CO emission was decreasing and vanished after 30 minutes when the discharge vessel became free of any carbon. The results are explained by interaction of plasma radicals with carbon deposits. (author)
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
María Florencia Gutierrez
2012-02-01
Full Text Available El incremento de los metales en los cuerpos de agua dulce a causa de las actividades antropogénicas genera importantes alteraciones sobre la biota. Esta revisión analiza los efectos adversos de varios metales de relevancia ecotoxicológica sobre los microcrustáceos zooplanctónicos (cladóceros y copépodos, los avances experimentales en esta línea y las ventajas de cada grupo como organismos test. En general, la necesidad de obtener indicadores más sensibles y representativos que los tradicionales, promovió lineamientos hacia estudios subcrónicos, interspecíficos y multigeneracionales. Por otra parte, la tendencia actual hacia el estudio de mezclas de sustancias y los efectos indirectos permite adquirir una visión más integral del problema. El impacto sobre las poblaciones es muy variable, dependiendo de la naturaleza del metal, las características del medio, el tiempo de exposición, las condiciones de cultivo y aspectos genéticos. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los trabajos se centran en pocas especies, dejando vacancias en el conocimiento de las representantes de cada región particular. Si bien algunos atributos de los cladóceros y copépodos como el tamaño, la morfología y el rol ecológico los tornan buenos indicadores, las diferencias en el desarrollo, reproducción y estrategias de perpetuación confieren ventajas a un grupo sobre otro.
Electron runaway in rf discharges
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Chen, F.F.
1992-10-01
The critical electric field is computed as a function of pressure and starting energy for electrons to run away to high energies in moderate pressure discharges. The runaway conditions depend critically on the shape of the elastic cross section vs. energy curve. Computations are made for H, H 2 , and He gases, and it is shown that runaway occurs much more readily in atomic hydrogen than in the other gases. The values of the runaway fields are larger than would normally occur in dc discharges, where large voltages would lead to arc formation. However, in rf discharges such electric fields can be sustained over times long compared to electron transit times but short compared to ion transit times. (author)
Gandara, Esteban; Ungar, Jonathan; Lee, Jason; Chan-Macrae, Myrna; O'Malley, Terrence; Schnipper, Jeffrey L
2010-06-01
Effective communication among physicians during hospital discharge is critical to patient care. Partners Healthcare (Boston) has been engaged in a multi-year process to measure and improve the quality of documentation of all patients discharged from its five acute care hospitals to subacute facilities. Partners first engaged stakeholders to develop a consensus set of 12 required data elements for all discharges to subacute facilities. A measurement process was established and later refined. Quality improvement interventions were then initiated to address measured deficiencies and included education of physicians and nurses, improvements in information technology, creation of or improvements in discharge documentation templates, training of hospitalists to serve as role models, feedback to physicians and their service chiefs regarding reviewed cases, and case manager review of documentation before discharge. To measure improvement in quality as a result of these efforts, rates of simultaneous inclusion of all 12 applicable data elements ("defect-free rate") were analyzed over time. Some 3,101 discharge documentation packets of patients discharged to subacute facilities from January 1, 2006, through September 2008 were retrospectively studied. During the 11 monitored quarters, the defect-free rate increased from 65% to 96% (p improvements were seen in documentation of preadmission medication lists, allergies, follow-up, and warfarin information. Institution of rigorous measurement, feedback, and multidisciplinary, multimodal quality improvement processes improved the inclusion of data elements in discharge documentation required for safe hospital discharge across a large integrated health care system.
Impact of Pharmacist Facilitated Discharge Medication Reconciliation
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Todd M. Super
2014-07-01
Full Text Available Preventable adverse drug events occur frequently at transitions in care and are a problem for many patients following hospital discharge. Many of these problems can be attributed to poor medication reconciliation. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact that direct pharmacist involvement in the discharge medication reconciliation process had on medication discrepancies, patient outcomes, and satisfaction. A cohort study of 70 patients was designed to assess the impact of pharmacist facilitated discharge medication reconciliation at a 204-bed community hospital in Battle Creek, Michigan, USA. Discharge summaries were analyzed to compare patients who received standard discharge without pharmacist involvement to those having pharmacist involvement. The total number of discrepancies in the group without pharmacist involvement was significantly higher than that of the pharmacist facilitated group.
Sarabhai, Kartikeya V.; Ravindranath, Shailaja; Schwarz, Rixa; Vyas, Purvi
2012-01-01
Chapter 36 of Agenda 21, a key document of the 1992 Earth Summit, emphasised reorienting education towards sustainable development. While two of the Rio conventions, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), developed communication, education and public awareness (CEPA)…
Leaving the hospital - your discharge plan
... patientinstructions/000867.htm Leaving the hospital - your discharge plan To use the sharing features on this page, ... once you leave. This is called a discharge plan. Your health care providers at the hospital will ...
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ahnfeldt, A M; Stanchev, H.; Jørgensen, Henrik Løvendahl
2015-01-01
the programme (p difference in weight-for-age at discharge (p = 0.15), but infants in the early discharge group were more frequently fully or partly breastfed (88% versus 80%, p ... comparability of the two groups, weight-for-age at discharge was similar, but the programme appeared to allow better breastfeeding success at the expense of a later final discharge......., and during the programme, they received home visits by neonatal nurses. We evaluated the programme, focusing on the infants' well-being, using weight gain, breastfeeding rates and total duration of hospitalisation as outcomes. METHODS: Over an 11-year period, 500 infants participated in the programme...
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Nurimar C. Fernandes
2004-08-01
Full Text Available FUNDAMENTOS: A leishmaniose tegumentar americana distribui-se amplamente no Brasil, e o Estado do Rio de Janeiro (capital e interior constitui área endêmica onde o vetor é encontrado dentro e ao redor das habitações. OBJETIVOS: Análise prospectiva de 48 casos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana atendidos no Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho/UFRJ, no período de 1990 a 2002. MÉTODOS: Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à biópsia de pele ou mucosa, teste de Montenegro e exame otorrinolaringológico; SbV (10 a 20mg/kg, no total de 10, 30 e 90 doses. foi empregado em 44 pacientes; em quatro casos, anfotericina B (0,5mg/kg/dose até dose cumulativa de 30mg/kg. RESULTADOS: 28 homens e 20 mulheres na faixa etária de 10 a 89 anos, dos quais 38 (79,1% infectados no Rio de Janeiro, apresentaram úlcera de membro inferior e comprometimento de mucosa nasal como manifestações mais freqüentes; 41 casos (85,4% foram reatores à intradermorreação de Montenegro (5mm; 17 casos (35,4% foram positivos para o achado de amastigotas em macrófagos no infiltrado inflamatório dérmico; predominou o processo inflamatório crônico granulomatoso; cura clínica foi observada em 47 casos; um caso evoluiu para óbito no décimo dia de tratamento. CONCLUSÕES: O estudo da leishmaniose tegumentar (HUCFF/UFRJ no período 1990/2002 evidenciou padrão conhecido nos aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e de resposta terapêutica ao antimonial (SbV e anfotericina B.BACKGROUND: American tegumentary Leishmaniasis is widely found in Brazil; the state of Rio de Janeiro (capital and hinterland is an endemic area where the vector is found inside and outside houses. OBJECTIVES: prospective study of 48 cases attended at the Teaching Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho - UFRJ, between 1990 - 2002. METHODS: All patients were submitted to skin or mucosa biopsy, Montenegro skin test and otorhinolaryngologic examination; SbV (10 - 20 mg/kg with 10, 30 and 90 doses was
UK strategy for radioactive discharges 2001-2020. Consultation document
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
2000-06-01
This consultation draft of a strategy for radioactive discharges describes how the United Kingdom (UK) will implement the agreements reached at the 1998 Ministerial meeting of the OSPAR Commission, with regard to radioactive substances. It also provides a policy base for future reviews of discharge authorisations by the regulatory bodies and for strategic planning by the nuclear operators. The strategy sets a framework for radioactive discharges from UK installations over the next twenty years. Its aims are: progressive and substantial reductions in radioactive discharges from the UK as a whole and from each of the main sectors responsible for such discharges; progressive reduction of human exposure to ionising radiation resulting from radioactive discharges, so that no member of the general public in the UK will be exposed to a dose of more than 0.02 mSv a year, as a result of authorised radioactive discharges made from 2020 onwards; progressive reductions in concentrations of radionuclides in the marine environment resulting from radioactive discharges, such that by 2020 they add close to zero to historic levels. The scope of the UK strategy encompasses radioactive discharges from nuclear licensed sites, defence activities and other nuclear and non-nuclear sources of radioactive discharges. It covers both liquid and aerial discharges, although it is assumed that in general liquid discharges will have the largest and most measurable effects in the marine environment
dc glow-discharge cleaning for accelerator
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Chou, T.S.; Hseuh, H.C.
1982-01-01
Average pressure of 1 x 10 -11 torr and vacuum stability are necessary for the successful operation of the proton storage rings such as ISABELLE. Vacuum degassing at high temperature and in situ bake-out will reduce the thermoout-gassing rate of the beam tubes to approx. 10 -13 Tl/cm 2 sec, therefore achieving the required static pressure. The vacuum instability caused by beam-induced ion desorption can be solved by dc glow discharge cleaning. With evidence from this study, the present understanding of glow discharge in a cylindrically symmetric geometry is reviewed. Argon and argon/oxygen mixture serve as plasmas in the glow. The role of oxygen in cleaning the beam tubes during the glow discharge is demonstrated experimentally. Glow discharge cleaning with and without bake-out is also studied
Fisioterapia respiratória no pré-operatório de colecistectomia
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Lucas Lima Ferreira
2013-05-01
Full Text Available Introdução: As cirurgias abdominais altas causam alterações da função pulmonar caracterizadas por redução da capacidade vital, relacionada à presença de hipoxemia e atelectasia, e pela redução do volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo. Relato do caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 29 anos, diagnóstico médico de cálculos biliares e hérnia hiatal, diagnóstico funcional de baixo desempenho cardiorrespiratório, a três meses de préoperatório de colecistectomia. Foi realizada avaliação composta por dados antropométricos, espirometria, teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6, mensuração das pressões respiratórias pIntrodução: As cirurgias abdominais altas causam alterações da função pulmonar caracterizadas por redução da capacidade vital, relacionada à presença de hipoxemia e atelectasia, e pela redução do volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo. Relato do caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 29 anos, diagnóstico médico de cálculos biliares e hérnia hiatal, diagnóstico funcional de baixo desempenho cardiorrespiratório, a três meses de préoperatório de colecistectomia. Foi realizada avaliação composta por dados antropométricos, espirometria, teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6, mensuração das pressões respiratórias por meio da manovacuometria e do nível de qualidade de vida mediante o questionário SF-36. A seguir foi aplicado um protocolo de fisioterapia respiratória e reavaliação após o tratamento. Na avaliação inicial foi verificado que a paciente encontravase com sobrepeso (IMC=27,40 kg/m2, baixo desempenho cardiorrespiratório e fraqueza da musculatura respiratória. Conclusão: O protocolo aplicado mostrou-se eficaz, pois auxiliou na redução de peso corporal e melhorou o desempenho cardiorrespiratório por meio dos exercícios aeróbicos, e proporcionou ganho de força aos músculos respiratórios.
Tipos do Herbário Prisco Bezerra - EAC
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Maria Stela Bezerra da Silva
1990-01-01
Full Text Available Com o presente trabalho pretende-se contribuir para a divulgação dos tipos do Herbário Prisco Bezerra - EAC. Um levantamento realizado no acervo do Herbário revelou o registro de dez tipos. Sete deles pertencentes à família Leguminosae distribuídas entre as subfamilias Caesalpinioideae: Peltogyne crenulata, Sentia dardanoi, Moldenhawera acuminata, Chamaecrista duckeana, Papilionoideae: Aeschynomene monteiroi, Cranocarpus gracilis e Mimosoideae: Mimosa niomarlei; dois, pertencentes à família Erythroxylaceae. As espécies Erythroxylum tianguanum e Erythroxylum bezerrae e um à família Euphorbiaceae: Dalechampia fernandesii recentemente descrita por G. Webster. Os tipos são apresentados na seqüência das indicações: nome das famílias, seguido do epíteto específico, habitat, com a transferência de todas as informações mencionadas na ficha de exsicata do material, bem como, a fotografia correspondente. Citam-se também alguns aspectos característicos das espécies, para melhor visualização dos detalhes fotográficos.The present paper repasts the type specimens in the Herbário Prisco Bezerra (University of Ceará. The Herbário has ten type, of which seven are Leguminosae: Peltoqyne crenulata, Senna dardanoi, Moldenhawera acuminata Chamaecrista duckeana, Aeschynomene monteiroi, Cranocarpus gracilis, Mimosa niomarlei, two the Erythroxylaceae: Erythroxylum tianquanum and Erythroxylum bezerrae and one Euphorbiaceae: Dalechampia fernandesii. Additional informations for these exsicata is presented.
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Samira Lima da Costa
2012-11-01
Full Text Available O artigo apresenta reflexões produzidas a partir de uma série de encontros com Agentes Comunitários de Saúde, ao longo de dez anos. Identifica-se a consolidação de dois territórios existenciais, que ora se aproximam, ora se afastam: o do saber técnico em saúde e o do saber popular em saúde. A partir da análise de algumas falas de ACS e de reflexões que dialogam com o referencial teórico da área, o texto discute alguns dos dilemas e impasses do acesso e da adesão na ótica desses Agentes, bem como as estratégias cotidianamente inventadas a partir dos encontros que se dão entre esses dois territórios. Identifica-se o lugar do Agente Comunitário de Saúde como agenciador de fronteiras, atuando em alguns momentos como um inventor ou potencializador de zonas de contato entre territórios e, em outros, como um representante de um dos territórios no outro.This article presents reflections originating from a series of meetings with community health workers over a period of ten years. It identifies the consolidation of two existential territories, which are sometimes closer and at other times more distant from each other, namely the territory of technical knowledge about health and the territory of popular knowledge about health. Starting with the analysis of some quotes from health workers and reflections which tally with the theoretical reference in the area, this paper discusses some of the dilemmas and deadlocks of access and affiliation from the perspective of some of these health workers, as well as the strategies devised on a day-to-day basis from the crossovers that take place between these two territories. It identifies the function of community health workers as frontier agents, at times acting as inventors or motivators of contact zones between the territories, and at other times acting as a representative by one territory inside the other.
Magnetic-field control of low-pressure diffuse discharges
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Cooper, J.R.
1986-01-01
Application of a magnetic field in a direction transverse to the electric field in a diffuse discharge can have a strong effect on the transport parameters in the discharge medium and on the external characteristics of the discharge as a whole. Deviations in these transport parameters were investigated in this work by means of Monte Carlo calculations, and the electrical characteristics of the total discharge were observed experimentally. Results of the theoretical investigation show that, in attaching gas mixtures, both the ionization and attachment-rate coefficients in the positive column of the discharge are changed such that the combined effect results in an increase in resistivity. Experimentally, it is seen that application of a crossed magnetic field to an abnormal glow discharge in attaching gases in a certain parameter range causes the discharge voltage to increase significantly. The effect seems to be most strongly influenced by processes in the cathode-fall region
Estudo da freqüência de ovos de helmintos intestinais em sanitários de uso público de Sorocaba, SP
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Tuffi Aidar Sobrinho
1995-03-01
Full Text Available Foram pesquisados 405 sanitários sendo 11 de praças, 2 da estação ferroviária, 4 da estação rodoviária, 55 de bares e restaurantes, 146 de escolas estaduais, 116 de escolas municipais, 8 de escolas particulares, 36 de postos de saúde, 16 de centros esportivos, 8 de orfanatos e 3 de shopping. Foram usadas lâminasde microscopia comfita adesiva. O material foi coletado pela colagem da fita nos seguintes elementos: 4 campos do assento, maçanetas interna e externa, trinco, registro de torneira e descarga (botão epuxador. Dos 405 sanitários pesquisados, 22 (5,43% estavam contaminados. Foram encontrados ovos de: Ascaris lumbricoides, ancilostomídeos, Enterobius vermicularis, Taenia sp e Hymenolepis nana, sendo que em 2 sanitários foram encontrados, concomitantemente, ovos de 2 parasitas.Four hundred and five water closets were investigated: 11 located at public squares, 2 at the railroad station, 4 at the bus station, 55 at bars and restaurants, 146 at state schools, 116 at municipal schools, 8 at private schools, 36 at public health centers, 16 at sports centers, 8 at orphanages and 3 at shopping malls. Microscopy slides with adhesive tape were used. The material was obtained by sticking the tape onto the following elements: 4 spots on the toilet seat, internal and external door knobs, latch, faucet handle and discharge valve (push button or pulling string. Out of the 405 water closets studied, 22 (5,43% were contaminated. Eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostomatidae, Enterobius vermiculares, Taenia sp and Hymenolepis nana were found. In 2 water closets eggs of 2 parasites were found simultaneously.
Barreto, Cintia F; Vilela, Claudia G; Baptista-Neto, José A; Barth, Ortrud M
2012-09-01
Aiming to investigate the deposition of pollen grains and spores in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro State, 61 surface sediment samples were analyzed. The results showed that the current deposition of palynomorphs in surface sediments of Guanabara Bay represents the regional vegetation of this hydrographic basin. The differential distribution of palynomorphs followed a pattern influenced by bathymetry, tidal currents speed, discharge of numerous rivers, and by human activity. The dominance of representatives of Field Vegetation reflects the changes of the original flora caused by intense human activities in the region. The continued presence and richness of pollen types of rain forest in the samples indicates that their source area might be the vegetation from riparian border of rivers in the western sector of the Bay, where the mangrove vegetation is being preserved. The large amount of damaged palynomorphs may be related to abrasion that occurs during river transport, indicating removal or reworking from their areas of origin.
Impacto do uso de microrganismos em caixas sifonadas de ambientes sanitários
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Verena Soares Fernandes
Full Text Available Resumo A preocupação com a qualidade de operação dos sistemas prediais de esgoto sanitário tem motivado empresas especializadas em biotecnologia a investir em produtos compostos por misturas de microrganismos vivos que atuam no pré-tratamento de efluentes de sistemas prediais para combater odores desagradáveis em ambientes sanitários. O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o uso de misturas concentradas de microrganismos em caixas sifonadas para eliminar o mau cheiro em ambientes sanitários e o impacto em estações de tratamento de esgotos sanitários. O método consiste em diagnosticar o mau cheiro de um dos sanitários de um edifício escolar de nível superior, que é alvo de constantes reclamações por parte dos usuários. Em seguida, introduzir tabletes de microrganismos nas caixas sifonadas e, por fim, avaliar o impacto do uso desse produto em dois sanitários e em estações de tratamento de esgoto por meio de análises de demanda bioquímica de oxigênio e de testes de respirometria. Os resultados indicam que nestes ambientes sanitários o mau cheiro não foi reduzido com o emprego de tabletes de microrganismos e em Estações de Tratamento de Esgoto, na concentração indicada pelo fabricante, o produto não produziu alterações significativas nas características analisadas do esgoto.
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Fernando F. Pruski
2004-12-01
Full Text Available O Rio São Francisco abrange uma área de drenagem da ordem de 640.000 km² e é responsável pela sustentabilidade de 503 municípios situados na bacia, onde vivem cerca de 14 milhões de pessoas. Neste trabalho analisou-se a variação da precipitação média anual e da vazão específica média de longa duração na Bacia do São Francisco. Foram analisados os dados hidrológicos de 178 estações pluviométricas e 77 estações fluviométricas, sendo a vazão específica média de longa duração obtida dividindo-se a vazão média anual pela área de drenagem da estação fluviométrica considerada e a precipitação média em cada área de drenagem, calculada pelo método do Polígono de Thiessen. Os resultados obtidos permitiram as seguintes conclusões: as precipitações diminuem da nascente para a foz do São Francisco, e as vazões específicas médias de longa duração diminuem ao longo do Rio São Francisco, sendo a máxima vazão específica igual a 22,61 L s-1 km-2, em Iguatama, primeira estação situada neste, e a mínima, igual a 4,22 L s-1 km-2, em Traipu, última estação desse rio.The São Francisco River drains an area of 640,000 km² and is responsible for the sustainability of the 503 municipalities in the basin where 14 million people live. This study was undertaken to investigate the mean precipitation and the specific yield discharge in the São Francisco Basin. The analysis was made considering 178 rain-gauge stations and 77 stations to measure stream flow. The specific yield discharge was obtained by dividing the mean annual discharge by the drainage area upstream from the station, and the mean precipitation in the upstream area from each station was obtained by the Thiessen polygon method. The results indicated that the mean precipitation decreased from the Upper São Francisco to Lower São Francisco, and the specific yield discharge decreases along the river, the maximum specific discharge was 22.6 L s-1 km-2
EKA urbanistika osakond / Lilia del Rio
Rio, Lilia del
2006-01-01
Lilia del Rio magistritöö "Beyond the player's manual / Mänguõpetus edasijõudnutele. Experiencing the world (and the city) as a playground / Kogedes maailma (ja linna) mänguväljakuna". Juhendaja Andres Kurg
A fragilidade do Ministério da Defesa brasileiro
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Jorge Zaverucha
2005-11-01
Full Text Available O presente artigo apresenta os diversos momentos por que passou o Ministério da Defesa, desde sua criação no segundo mandato presidencial de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1999-2002 até o atual governo de Luís Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2006, com os respectivos ministros da Defesa. Visto como uma etapa importante na reconstitucionalização do país, na medida em que prevê a submissão dos comandantes das Forças Armadas a um ministro civil, e embora alguns analistas considerem que essa submissão de fato ocorre, procuramos indicar as resistências e as insubordinações militares ao poder civil, provenientes de um legado autoritário. Na medida em que o Ministério da Defesa não consegue implementar uma política própria, em que os militares seguiriam as orientações dos civis, o artigo conclui considerando a fragilidade política e institucional do Ministro da Defesa, civil, ante o os comandos militares, que conservam alto grau de autonomia decisória em relação à estrutura do Ministério.
Álvaro Modernell
2009-01-01
Guia com informações sobre produtos e serviços bancários que estão à disposição dos cidadãos brasileiros com a finalidade de facilitar o seu dia-a-dia. O documento é uma cartilha educativa preparada para clientes da CAIXA, uma instituição pública de poupança e crédito. O guia foi produzido como parte do "Programa de Remessas e Capacitação para Emigrantes Brasileiros e seus Beneficiários no Brasil".
Is this an arc or a glow discharge?
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Puchkarev, V.F.; Bochkarev, M.B.
1994-01-01
A well known criterion for distinguishing an arc discharge from a glow discharge is a low voltage drop (10--30 V) and a high current density that varies from a few tens to 10 6 A/cm 2 depending on arc type. The high current density is an attribute of arcs with cathode spots. The authors report here a study of the mechanism of emission in cathode spot arc where they realized a spotless discharge with a low voltage drop (30--50 V) and a high mean current density (10 4 --10 6 A/cm 2 ). The discharge was initiated between a broad cathode and point anode. The cathode was a smooth tungsten sphere electrode of about 100 μm in diameter. The point anode was made of various materials (Mo, Cu, Cd) with initial radius 1 μm. Before the experiment the cathode was cleaned by heating at 2,000 K at high vacuum (10 -8 Torr). The discharge was initiated by self-breakdown when electrodes under the voltage 200--500 V were brought to close proximity with each other. The cathode-anode spacing d at the moment of breakdown was estimated to be < 1 μm. The discharge current was varied within 1--3 A by changing the applied voltage and impedance of coaxial cable generator. The discharge burned during 100--1,000 ns. After the single discharge the cathode and anode were examined with a scanning electron microscope. The cathode surface exposed to the discharge was smooth, i.e. no erosion pits similar to arc craters were found on the cathode surface. The anode was shortened after discharge by 5--50 μm depending on current, material and cone angle. A high current density and low voltage drop implies that this is an arc discharge, while the cold cathode and the absence f cathode spot trace are pertinent to a dense glow discharge. The mechanism of emission involving secondary electron emission is to be discussed
Pulsed electrical discharge in gas bubbles in water
Gershman, Sophia
A phenomenological picture of pulsed electrical discharge in gas bubbles in water is produced by combining electrical, spectroscopic, and imaging methods. The discharge is generated by applying one microsecond long 5 to 20 kilovolt pulses between the needle and disk electrodes submerged in water. A gas bubble is generated at the tip of the needle electrode. The study includes detailed experimental investigation of the discharge in argon bubbles and a brief look at the discharge in oxygen bubbles. Imaging, electrical characteristics, and time-resolved optical emission data point to a fast streamer propagation mechanism and formation of a plasma channel in the bubble. Spectroscopic methods based on line intensity ratios and Boltzmann plots of line intensities of argon, atomic hydrogen, and argon ions and the examination of molecular emission bands from molecular nitrogen and hydroxyl radicals provide evidence of both fast beam-like electrons and slow thermalized ones with temperatures of 0.6 -- 0.8 electron-volts. The collisional nature of plasma at atmospheric pressure affects the decay rates of optical emission. Spectroscopic study of rotational-vibrational bands of hydroxyl radical and molecular nitrogen gives vibrational and rotational excitation temperatures of the discharge of about 0.9 and 0.1 electron-volt, respectively. Imaging and electrical evidence show that discharge charge is deposited on the bubble wall and water serves as a dielectric barrier for the field strength and time scales of this experiment. Comparing the electrical and imaging information for consecutive pulses applied at a frequency of 1 Hz indicates that each discharge proceeds as an entirely new process with no memory of the previous discharge aside from long-lived chemical species, such as ozone and oxygen. Intermediate values for the discharge gap and pulse duration, low repetition rate, and unidirectional character of the applied voltage pulses make the discharge process here unique
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Josefa Sieira Caamaño Chaves
2010-10-01
Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O Controle Externo da Qualidade (CEQ é uma ferramenta importante para a garantia da qualidade das análises laboratoriais, auxiliando o laboratório a avaliar a eficiência da fase analítica de seus processos. Um resultado errôneo de uma análise prejudica a conclusão do diagnóstico de uma enfermidade e a indicação correta do tratamento a ser tomado. As inspeções sanitárias em laboratórios clínicos (LCs no estado do Rio de Janeiro são feitas com base no roteiro de inspeção sanitária publicado pela Portaria SES/CVS 743, de junho de 2006, na RDC 302/2005 e legislação vigente. Os resultados observados quanto ao CEQ, do total de 347 inspeções realizadas pelo Setor de Laboratórios de Análises Clínicas da Secretaria de Saúde e Defesa Civil (LAC-SESDEC no decorrer dos anos pesquisados, são apresentados a seguir: em 2006, entre as 133 inspeções realizadas em Laboratórios de Análises Clínicas, 44% dos estabelecimentos não possuíam contrato com provedor de ensaios de proficiência (EPs; em 2007, entre as 95 inspeções realizadas em Laboratórios de Análises Clínicas, 38% não possuíam contrato com provedor de EPs; em 2008, entre as 119 inspeções realizadas em Laboratórios de Análises Clínicas, 35% não possuíam contrato com provedor de EPs. Dos 214 laboratórios clínicos inspecionados nos anos de 2007 e 2008, 62% (134 estabelecimentos possuíam CEQ, entretanto, desses 134 estabelecimentos, 65% não registravam as ações corretivas relacionadas com as não conformidades detectadas em relatório emitido pelo provedor de EPs. MÉTODO: No presente estudo, foi avaliada a distribuição percentual dos resultados das inspeções sanitárias realizadas em LCs no estado do Rio de Janeiro de 2006 a 2008, cadastrados na Secretaria Estadual de Saúde e Defesa Civil (SESDEC, relacionando o número de LCs que não atendem às exigências sanitárias, item: "Controle Externo da Qualidade - CEQ da Portaria 743
Ajustamento EstratÃgico do Setor BancÃrio ao Plano Real
Maria Elisangela Rodrigues dos Santos
2004-01-01
Este estudo evendicia as transformaÃÃes ocorridas no setor bancÃrio apÃs o Plano Real, originado em 01 de Julho de 1994. Essas transformaÃÃes proporcionaram impactos no sistema bancÃrio, dando inÃcio a um amplo processo de reforma estrutural ocasionado por modificaÃÃes de aÃÃes exÃgenas macroeconÃmicas. Com inÃcio do Plano, sabia-se que o novo ambiente de estabilizaÃÃo econÃmico do paÃs nÃo seria condizente com a dimensÃo que o sistema bancÃrio havia alcanÃado, fruto de vÃrios anos de inflaÃÃ...
Hendryx, Michael; Conley, Jamison; Fedorko, Evan; Luo, Juhua; Armistead, Matthew
2012-04-02
The study conducts statistical and spatial analyses to investigate amounts and types of permitted surface water pollution discharges in relation to population mortality rates for cancer and non-cancer causes nationwide and by urban-rural setting. Data from the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) were used to measure the location, type, and quantity of a selected set of 38 discharge chemicals for 10,395 facilities across the contiguous US. Exposures were refined by weighting amounts of chemical discharges by their estimated toxicity to human health, and by estimating the discharges that occur not only in a local county, but area-weighted discharges occurring upstream in the same watershed. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) mortality files were used to measure age-adjusted population mortality rates for cancer, kidney disease, and total non-cancer causes. Analysis included multiple linear regressions to adjust for population health risk covariates. Spatial analyses were conducted by applying geographically weighted regression to examine the geographic relationships between releases and mortality. Greater non-carcinogenic chemical discharge quantities were associated with significantly higher non-cancer mortality rates, regardless of toxicity weighting or upstream discharge weighting. Cancer mortality was higher in association with carcinogenic discharges only after applying toxicity weights. Kidney disease mortality was related to higher non-carcinogenic discharges only when both applying toxicity weights and including upstream discharges. Effects for kidney mortality and total non-cancer mortality were stronger in rural areas than urban areas. Spatial results show correlations between non-carcinogenic discharges and cancer mortality for much of the contiguous United States, suggesting that chemicals not currently recognized as carcinogens may contribute to cancer mortality risk. The geographically weighted
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Hendryx Michael
2012-04-01
Full Text Available Abstract Background The study conducts statistical and spatial analyses to investigate amounts and types of permitted surface water pollution discharges in relation to population mortality rates for cancer and non-cancer causes nationwide and by urban-rural setting. Data from the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR were used to measure the location, type, and quantity of a selected set of 38 discharge chemicals for 10,395 facilities across the contiguous US. Exposures were refined by weighting amounts of chemical discharges by their estimated toxicity to human health, and by estimating the discharges that occur not only in a local county, but area-weighted discharges occurring upstream in the same watershed. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC mortality files were used to measure age-adjusted population mortality rates for cancer, kidney disease, and total non-cancer causes. Analysis included multiple linear regressions to adjust for population health risk covariates. Spatial analyses were conducted by applying geographically weighted regression to examine the geographic relationships between releases and mortality. Results Greater non-carcinogenic chemical discharge quantities were associated with significantly higher non-cancer mortality rates, regardless of toxicity weighting or upstream discharge weighting. Cancer mortality was higher in association with carcinogenic discharges only after applying toxicity weights. Kidney disease mortality was related to higher non-carcinogenic discharges only when both applying toxicity weights and including upstream discharges. Effects for kidney mortality and total non-cancer mortality were stronger in rural areas than urban areas. Spatial results show correlations between non-carcinogenic discharges and cancer mortality for much of the contiguous United States, suggesting that chemicals not currently recognized as carcinogens may contribute to cancer
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Selwyn A. Headley
2012-12-01
Full Text Available Molecular findings that confirmed the participation of ovine herpesvirus 2 (OVH-2 in the lesions that were consistent with those observed in malignant catarrhal fever of cattle are described. Three mixed-breed cattle from Rio Grande do Norte state demonstrated clinical manifestations that included mucopurulent nasal discharge, corneal opacity and motor incoordination. Routine necropsy examination demonstrated ulcerations and hemorrhage of the oral cavity, corneal opacity, and lymph node enlargement. Significant histopathological findings included widespread necrotizing vasculitis, non-suppurative meningoencephalitis, lymphocytic interstitial nephritis and hepatitis, and thrombosis. PCR assay performed on DNA extracted from kidney and mesenteric lymph node of one animal amplified a product of 423 base pairs corresponding to a target sequence within the ovine herpesvirus 2 (OVH-2 tegument protein gene. Direct sequencing of the PCR products, from extracted DNA of the kidney and mesenteric lymph node of one cow, amplified the partial nucleotide sequences (423 base pairs of OVH-2 tegument protein gene. Blast analysis confirmed that these sequences have 98-100% identity with similar OVH-2 sequences deposited in GenBank. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the deduced amino acid sequences, demonstrated that the strain of OVH-2 circulating in ruminants from the Brazilian states of Rio Grande do Norte and Minas Gerais are similar to that identified in other geographical locations. These findings confirmed the active participation of OVH-2 in the classical manifestations of sheep associated malignant catarrhal fever.
Radiation - brain - discharge; Cancer - brain radiation; Lymphoma - brain radiation; Leukemia - brain radiation ... Decadron) while you are getting radiation to the brain. It may make you hungrier, cause leg swelling ...
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ferdelman, Timothy G.; Thamdrup, Bo; Canfield, Donald E.; Noehr Glud, Ronnie; Kuever, Jan; Lillebaek, Rolf; Birger Ramsing, Niels; Wawer, Cathrin
2006-01-01
Chemical distributions, respiration rates, and bacterial distributions were measured in 1994 in the water column and sediments of a small, tropical, anoxic basin (Golfo Dulce, Pacific coast of Costa Rica) to examine the biogeochemical controls on anoxia, sulfide, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and organic carbon consumption. As reported previously, the deepest 100 m of the water column were anoxic, and sulfide concentrations in the bottom waters were less than 7 μM and then only transiently. Both free-swimming sulfide-oxidizing bacteria and Beggiatoa sp. (containing large vacuoles) were observed in the anoxic bottom waters or at the sediment-water interface. Aerobic respiration dominated the decomposition of organic matter in the surface waters and pycnocline, whereas sulfate reduction was principally restricted to the sediments. Bacteria were distributed in discrete zones and exhibited the highest densities where oxygen decreased below 1 μM around 100 m depth, and near the sediment-water interface. The sub-oxic, sub-pycnocline water column was characterized by a dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) deficit of 2.9 mole m -2 . With a water residence time of 35 - 57 d, estimated from a salt balance, this deficit corresponded to a DIN loss of 51 - 85 mmol m -2 d -1 , comparable to the sub-pycnocline oxygen consumption. Sulfide in the water column was maintained at low concentrations by frequent inputs of oxygenated water from the Pacific Ocean. Sulfide production in the sediments due to bacterial sulfate reduction was scavenged by frequent deposition of iron-rich turbidites. Based on 210 Pb distributions, the most recent emplacement of a turbidite in the basin sediments was determined to have occurred between 1989 and 1992. (author) [es
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Bokhan, P. A.; Gugin, P. P.; Lavrukhin, M. A.; Zakrevsky, Dm. E.
2015-01-01
The switching rate of gas-discharge devices “kivotrons” based on the open discharge with counter-propagating electron beams has been experimentally studied. Structures with 2-cm 2 overall cathode area were examined. The switching time was found to show a monotonic decrease with increasing the working-gas helium pressure and with increasing the voltage across the discharge gap at breakdown. The minimum switching time was found to be ∼240 ps at 17 kV voltage, and the maximum rate of electric-current rise limited by the discharge-circuit inductance was 3 × 10 12 A/s
Exploratory Practice: Work at the Cultural Inglesa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Allwright, Dick; Lenzuen, Rosa
1997-01-01
Focuses on the aim of the Cultural Inglesa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, which is the development of a new, fully sustainable concept for classroom-based research--exploratory practice--and its assimilation into the normal working and professional-development practices of Rio Cultura teachers. (Author/VWL)
Heating effects in Rio Blanco rock
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Taylor, R.W.; Bowen, D.W.; Rossler, P.E.
1975-01-01
Samples of ''sandstone'' from near the site of the upper Rio Blanco nuclear explosion were heated in the laboratory at temperatures between 600 and 900 0 C. The composition and amount of noncondensable (dry) gas released were measured and compared to the amount and composition of gas found underground following the explosion. The gas released from the rock heated in the laboratory contained approximately 80 percent CO 2 and 10 percent H 2 ; the balance was CO and CH 4 . With increasing temperature, the amounts of CO 2 , CO, and H 2 released increased. The composition of gas released by heating Rio Blanco rock in the laboratory is similar to the composition of gas found after the nuclear explosion except that it contains less natural gas (CH 4 , C 2 H 6 . . .). The amount of noncondensable gas released by heating the rock increases from approximately 0.1 mole/kg of rock at 600 0 C to 0.9 mole/kg at 900 0 C. Over 90 percent of the volatile components of the rock are released in less than 10 h at 900 0 C. A comparison of the amount of gas released by heating rock in the laboratory to the amount of gas released by the heat of the Rio Blanco nuclear explosion suggests that the explosion released the volatile material from about 0.42 mg of rock per joule of explosive energy (1700 to 1800 tonnes per kt). (auth)
A new species of Hisonotus (Siluriformes, Loricariidae from rio São Francisco basin, Brazil
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Fábio Roxo
2015-04-01
Full Text Available A new species of Hisonotus is described from the rio São Francisco basin. The new species can be distinguished from congeners by having (1 a unique coloration pattern of caudal fin with one black spot extending from its origin to the ventral lobe and two dark spots at the end of the lobe’s rays; (2 odontodes forming longitudinally aligned rows on head and trunk; (3 a functional V-shaped spinelet; (4 a single rostral plate at the tip of the snout; (5 by lacking contrasting dark geometric spots on the anterodorsal region of the body; (6 a lower caudal-peduncle depth; and (7 lower counts of the lateral median plates and (8 higher premaxillary and dentary teeth. The new species is the second described species of the genus Hisonotus in the rio São Francisco basin. It was found inhabiting the marginal vegetation of the rio São Francisco and three of its tributary, rio das Velhas, rio Paraopeba and rio Formoso.
Morphological diversity of fish along the rio das Velhas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Nara Tadini Junqueira
2012-01-01
Full Text Available The rio das Velhas, located in central Minas Gerais State (Brazil, is a major tributary of the rio São Francisco. Despite several anthropogenic pressures, this basin supports more than 115 fish species. The aim of this study was to compare the morphological space occupied by fish assemblages in four regions (headwaters, upper, middle, and lower course along the channel of the rio das Velhas. We try to answer the following question: Is there a change in the morphological organization of the fish along the longitudinal gradient of the river? Individuals from 67 species, collected at several sites in the basin from 1999 to 2008, were measured for 11 morphological attributes related to swimming behavior and habitat use. Through the graphs, the first two dimensions of the PCA suggest that the morphological volume occupied by the headwaters region is smaller than the other sections, because of the low richness of the site. However, morphological hypervolumes of the four reaches analyzed by Euclidean distances were not statistically different. The results indicated that only the density of morphological types increases along the rio das Velhas, and there is no difference between the headwaters and upper courses. Therefore, in order to use functional groups related to the morphology of the species as tools to take measures for the conservation and revitalization of the rio das Velhas, it is necessary analyze the density of species within these groups, as well as their composition.O rio das Velhas, localizado na região central do estado de Minas Gerais (Brasil, é o mais extenso tributário do rio São Francisco. Apesar dos inúmeros impactos antrópicos que sofre, sua bacia abriga uma rica ictiofauna, com mais de 115 espécies conhecidas. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o espaço morfológico ocupado pelas assembleias de peixes em quatro regiões (cabeceira, alto curso, médio curso e baixo curso ao longo da calha do rio das Velhas. Procuramos
Effects of vaginal discharge on female sexual function.
Gungor, Ayse N C; Uludag, Aysegul; Sahin, Melih; Gencer, Meryem; Uysal, Ahmet
2014-01-01
To assess the effects of vaginal discharge on female sexual dysfunction (FSD) by using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). In a study at a university hospital in Canakkale, Turkey, women affected by vaginal discharge and age-matched healthy control women were recruited between January and December 2012. Women were grouped in accordance with their vaginal discharge complaints and each participant completed the FSFI questionnaire. A total of 114 women were included in the study. Women in the first group (n=58) had no vaginal discharge or had physiologic vaginal discharge, those in the second group (n=29) had abnormal vaginal discharge with itching, and those in the third group (n=27) had abnormal vaginal discharge without itching. Compared with the first group, women in the second and third groups had higher FSFI scores for desire, arousal, orgasm, and pain, in addition to higher overall FSFI scores. Women with genital malodor had significantly higher FSFI scores than patients without genital malodor (23.83 ± 5.07 vs 21.15 ± 4.78; P=0.008). Women with abnormal vaginal discharges were found to have better FSFI scores for some domains. This finding may be attributed to the adverse effects of sexual intercourse on vaginal infections. © 2013.
Motivators and barriers for paediatricians discharging patients.
Turbitt, Erin; Kunin, Marina; Gafforini, Sarah; Freed, Gary L
2017-07-01
The aim of this study was to identify motivators and barriers that paediatricians face when discharging patients from outpatient specialty care. A questionnaire was administered to outpatient care paediatricians in Victoria working in one of five speciality public hospital clinics. Questions focused on how important various motivators and barriers were in respondents' decision to discharge a patient from their clinic. Nearly all (91%, n=74) paediatricians invited to participate provided responses. The factor influencing the greatest proportion of paediatricians in their decision to discharge patients back to primary care was the potential that patients may not receive the required care from a GP. The next most highly rated barrier was that it is too complicated to arrange discharge; rated as a very important influence by one-third of paediatricians (33%, n=24). Improvements to the discharge process may encourage more paediatricians to discharge patients back to their GP, therefore freeing up appointment slots. This in turn could reduce waiting times for paediatric outpatient clinics in Victoria. The concern from paediatricians that patients may not receive the required care from a GP warrants attention and should be further investigated.
Glow discharge based device for solving mazes
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Dubinov, Alexander E., E-mail: dubinov-ae@yandex.ru; Mironenko, Maxim S.; Selemir, Victor D. [Russian Federal Nuclear Center − All-Russian Scientific and Research Institute of Experimental Physics (RFNC-VNIIEF), Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod region 607188 (Russian Federation); Sarov Institute of Physics and Technology (SarFTI) of National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI,” Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod region 607188 (Russian Federation); Maksimov, Artem N.; Pylayev, Nikolay A. [Russian Federal Nuclear Center − All-Russian Scientific and Research Institute of Experimental Physics (RFNC-VNIIEF), Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod region 607188 (Russian Federation)
2014-09-15
A glow discharge based device for solving mazes has been designed and tested. The device consists of a gas discharge chamber and maze-transformer of radial-azimuth type. It allows changing of the maze pattern in a short period of time (within several minutes). The device has been tested with low pressure air. Once switched on, a glow discharge has been shown to find the shortest way through the maze from the very first attempt, even if there is a section with potential barrier for electrons on the way. It has been found that ionization waves (striations) can be excited in the maze along the length of the plasma channel. The dependancy of discharge voltage on the length of the optimal path through the maze has been measured. A reduction in discharge voltage with one or two potential barriers present has been found and explained. The dependency of the magnitude of discharge ignition voltage on the length of the optimal path through the maze has been measured. The reduction of the ignition voltage with the presence of one or two potential barriers has been observed and explained.
Spheres of discharge of springs
Springer, Abraham E.; Stevens, Lawrence E.
2009-02-01
Although springs have been recognized as important, rare, and globally threatened ecosystems, there is as yet no consistent and comprehensive classification system or common lexicon for springs. In this paper, 12 spheres of discharge of springs are defined, sketched, displayed with photographs, and described relative to their hydrogeology of occurrence, and the microhabitats and ecosystems they support. A few of the spheres of discharge have been previously recognized and used by hydrogeologists for over 80 years, but others have only recently been defined geomorphologically. A comparison of these spheres of discharge to classification systems for wetlands, groundwater dependent ecosystems, karst hydrogeology, running waters, and other systems is provided. With a common lexicon for springs, hydrogeologists can provide more consistent guidance for springs ecosystem conservation, management, and restoration. As additional comprehensive inventories of the physical, biological, and cultural characteristics are conducted and analyzed, it will eventually be possible to associate spheres of discharge with discrete vegetation and aquatic invertebrate assemblages, and better understand the habitat requirements of rare or unique springs species. Given the elevated productivity and biodiversity of springs, and their highly threatened status, identification of geomorphic similarities among spring types is essential for conservation of these important ecosystems.
Discharge measurements at gaging stations
Turnipseed, D. Phil; Sauer, Vernon B.
2010-01-01
The techniques and standards for making discharge measurements at streamflow gaging stations are described in this publication. The vertical axis rotating-element current meter, principally the Price current meter, has been traditionally used for most measurements of discharge; however, advancements in acoustic technology have led to important developments in the use of acoustic Doppler current profilers, acoustic Doppler velocimeters, and other emerging technologies for the measurement of discharge. These new instruments, based on acoustic Doppler theory, have the advantage of no moving parts, and in the case of the acoustic Doppler current profiler, quickly and easily provide three-dimensional stream-velocity profile data through much of the vertical water column. For much of the discussion of acoustic Doppler current profiler moving-boat methodology, the reader is referred to U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 3-A22 (Mueller and Wagner, 2009). Personal digital assistants (PDAs), electronic field notebooks, and other personal computers provide fast and efficient data-collection methods that are more error-free than traditional hand methods. The use of portable weirs and flumes, floats, volumetric tanks, indirect methods, and tracers in measuring discharge are briefly described.
Confinement and gas fueling in LHD limiter discharges
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Nishimura, K.; Kawahata, K.; Narihara, K.; Morisaki, T.; Masuzaki, S.; Sakakibara, S.; Tanaka, K.
2003-01-01
Plasma discharges in the Large Helical Device are normally open helical divertor discharges. To compare limiter discharges with open divertor discharges and to examine the role of the peripheral region, a radial movable limiter, whose head was made of carbon with high heat conductivity, was inserted into the plasma from the high field side (near the helical coil). The electron temperature was bounded well by the limiter. A high temperature gradient at the edge region was observed in both open divertor and limiter discharges. Formation of such a high temperature gradient led to good energy confinement even in the limiter discharges and an enhancement factor of 1.1±0.3 for International Stellarator Scaling 95 (ISS95) scaling was observed at every limiter position (0.75 ax =3.75 m prevents gas fueling by puffing
Excimer lamp pumped by a triggered discharge
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Baldacchini, G.; Bollanti, S.; Di Lazzaro, P.; Flora, F.; Giordano, G.; Letardi, T.; Renieri, A.; Schina, G. [ENEA, Centro Ricerche Frascati, Rome (Italy). Dip. Innovazione; Clementi, G.; Muzzi, F.; Zheng, C.E. [EL.EN. (Electronic Engineering), Florence (Italy)
1996-11-01
Radiation characteristics and discharge performances of an excimer lamp are described. The discharge of the HCl/Xe gas mixture at an atmospheric pressure, occurring near the quartz tube wall, is initiated by a trigger wire. A maximum total UV energy of about 0.4 J in a (0.8-0.9) {mu}s pulse, radiated from a 10 cm discharge length, is obtained with a total discharge input energy of 8 J. Excimer lamps are the preferred choice for medical and material processing irradiations, when the monochromaticity or coherence of UV light is not required, due to their low cost, reliability and easy maintenance.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
ALESSANDRA VASCONCELOS GALLON
2008-04-01
Full Text Available O artigo descreve a análise de conteúdo da evidenciação nos Relatórios da Administração das empresas participantes dos níveis de governança da Bovespa, relacionada aos itens obrigatórios pela Lei nº 6.404/76, recomendados pela CVM através do Parecer de Orientação nº 15/87 e outros itens de divulgação espontânea. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva, realizada por meio de análise documental, com análise de clusters. Os resultados mostram que as 55 companhias abertas brasileiras, participantes do nível 1 e 2 de governança e novo mercado da Bovespa, segundo o BDI nº 190/2005, independente do nível de governança, evidenciaram no Relatório de Administração de 2004 mais sentenças do tipo declarativa. Comparando-se o número de sentenças evidenciadas de itens obrigatórios e recomendados e de itens de divulgação espontânea, nota-se que a maior evidenciação é referente aos itens obrigatórios e recomendados. Conclui-se que os Relatórios da Administração das companhias abertas brasileiras apresentam níveis relativamente baixos de evidenciação voluntária.
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gaber, W.H.; Beshara, A.B.; El-Bialy, A.B.; Masoud, M.M. [Plasma and Nuclear Fusion Dept., N.R.C., Atomic Energy Authority, Enshass (Egypt)
2004-07-01
A ramp Z-pinch discharge is designed and built in order to increase the pinch ratio and obtain a maximum contraction, and to increase the temperature. The discharge chamber is a cylindrical Pyrex tube of 25 cm long, 18.5 cm, 20 cm inner and outer diameter and two circular Aluminum plates of radius 15 cm separated by 21 cm are inserted into the tube. The tube is filled with He gas at 0.1 mbar. Two capacitor banks are used, the first bank 30 {mu}F and the second fast bank 1.3 {mu}F. The charging voltage was 8 kV for both banks. The discharge current and voltage of each bank are measured by potential divider and Rogowski coil respectively. Also the plasma inductance and resistance are obtained for each case. The plasma inductance has its peak value 300 nH at 4 {mu}s, while the plasma resistance has it minimum 8 m{omega} at the same time in the case of conventional discharge (single bank). In the case of ramp discharge, the inductance has two peaks 440 nH, 380 nH at 4 {mu}s, 9.5 {mu}s respectively, while the resistance has two minimum 4 m{omega}, 20 m{omega} at at 4 {mu}s, 9.5 {mu}s respectively. The temperature has been measure spectroscopically by using relative continuum intensity ratio method. The temperature has its peak value 38 eV at 4 {mu}s for single bank case, while it larger peak value 55 eV for ramp case. (orig.)
TERRITÓRIOS ALTERNATIVOS: ESPAÇOS FRONTEIRIÇOS E TRANSFRONTEIRIÇOS
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Jurany Leite Rueda
2017-06-01
Full Text Available O livro (Territórios Alternativos é uma coletânea resultante da trajetória do autor pelas trilhas da Geografia, e cobre o período de 1987 a 1998, promovendo um panorama sobre as discussões à volta do espaço geográfico e do território em suas diferentes dimensões.
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Genésio Vicentin
2002-01-01
Full Text Available Este artigo estuda a mortalidade por tuberculose no município do Rio de Janeiro ocorrida no ano de 1991 em comparação com indicadores sociais. Utilizou-se o software SPSS 8.0 - 1997 na análise estatística dos dados, que mostrou a existência de correlação entre a maioria dos indicadores socioeconômicos estudados e o coeficiente de mortalidade por tuberculose por 100 mil habitantes/ano. Apresentaram correlação significativa e direta os indicadores: índice de Robin Hood, razão de renda entre os 10% mais ricos e os 40% mais pobres e proporção de chefes de família com renda média entre um e dois salários mínimos. A correlação foi inversa e significativa com os indicadores: proporção de residentes com mais de 10 anos com curso superior, área média por domicílio, número de cômodos por domicílio, renda média em salários mínimos, e proporção de chefes de família com rendas entre 10-15, 16-20 e acima de 20 salários mínimos. Para a apresentação destes indicadores usou-se mapas do município, categorizados e distribuídos por Regiões Administrativas, revelando distintos Rios de Janeiro, quando este é visto sob o ângulo social: da doença, ou de vários outros indicadores.Regional tuberculosis mortality levels and their Rio de Janeiro City principals social indicatories at year 1991 have been compared in this study. Software SPSS 8.0 - 1997 was applied on making statistical data analysis, and have disclosed a present correlation among most indicative socioeconomics trends and the annual tuberculosis mortality coeficient/100 thousand inhabitants. Others social indicatives than Robin Hood index, 10% more rich to 40% more poor reason, head of family proportion wich 1-2 minimum wage monthly gain, disclosed imediate and significative statistical assurance level. In reverse and significative statistical assurance level, resident proportion with more 10 years old that have superior course, house área average, room average
Reid, Daniel Brooks; Parsons, Shaun R; Gill, Stephen D; Hughes, Andrew J
2015-04-01
To audit written medical discharge summary procedure and practice against Standard Six (clinical handover) of the Australian National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards at a major regional Victorian health service. Department heads were invited to complete a questionnaire about departmental discharge summary practices. Twenty-seven (82%) department heads completed the questionnaire. Seven (26%) departments had a documented discharge summary procedure. Fourteen (52%) departments monitored discharge summary completion and 13 (48%) departments monitored the timeliness of completion. Seven (26%) departments informed the patient of the content of the discharge summary and six (22%) departments provided the patient with a copy. Seven (26%) departments provided training for staff members on how to complete discharge summaries. Completing discharge summaries was usually delegated to the medical intern. The introduction of the National Service Standards prompted an organisation-wide audit of discharge summary practices against the external criterion. There was substantial variation in the organisation's practices. The Standards and the current audit results highlight an opportunity for the organisation to enhance and standardise discharge summary practices and improve communication with general practice.
Kantor, Molly A; Evans, Kambria H; Shieh, Lisa
2015-03-01
Achieving safe transitions of care at hospital discharge requires accurate and timely communication. Both the presence of and follow-up plan for diagnostic studies that are pending at hospital discharge are expected to be accurately conveyed during these transitions, but this remains a challenge. To determine the prevalence, characteristics, and communication of studies pending at hospital discharge before and after the implementation of an electronic medical record (EMR) tool that automatically generates a list of pending studies. Pre-post analysis. 260 consecutive patients discharged from inpatient general medicine services from July to August 2013. Development of an EMR-based tool that automatically generates a list of studies pending at discharge. The main outcomes were prevalence and characteristics of pending studies and communication of studies pending at hospital discharge. We also surveyed internal medicine house staff on their attitudes about communication of pending studies. Pre-intervention, 70% of patients had at least one pending study at discharge, but only 18% of these were communicated in the discharge summary. Most studies were microbiology cultures (68%), laboratory studies (16%), or microbiology serologies (10%). The majority of study results were ultimately normal (83%), but 9% were newly abnormal. Post-intervention, communication of studies pending increased to 43% (p pending studies, but in usual practice, the presence of these studies has rarely been communicated to outpatient providers in the discharge summary. Communication significantly increased with the implementation of an EMR-based tool that automatically generated a list of pending studies from the EMR and allowed users to import this list into the discharge summary. This is the first study to our knowledge to introduce an automated EMR-based tool to communicate pending studies.
Repositórios institucionais de acesso livre no Brasil: estudo Delfos
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Ernani Rufino dos Santos Junior
2015-06-01
Full Text Available A filosofia do acesso livre ao conhecimento científico surgiu da dificuldade das bibliotecas universitárias de todo mundo em manter atualizadas as assinaturas das coleções de periódicos científicos. Os repositórios institucionais são uma das ferramentas que se mostram como alternativa para a comunicação da Ciência livre de barreiras de acesso. A pesquisa tem por objetivo verificar quais são as perspectivas futuras das atuais políticas de implementação de repositórios institucionais de acesso livre no Brasil na opinião de especialistas na área, tendo como base a análise do estado da arte das implementações de Repositórios Institucionais no Brasil. Neste trabalho, a pesquisa é dividida em três etapas: a primeira consiste na coleta de dados descritivos dos repositórios institucionais da Universidade de Brasília (RIUnB e do Superior Tribunal de Justiça (BDJur-STJ; já na segunda etapa de pesquisa, procede-se à consulta aos especialistas indagando-os acerca da situação atual das implementações de repositórios institucionais no Brasil; e, por fim, na terceira etapa de pesquisa consultamos estes mesmos especialistas sobre os desdobramentos futuros destas políticas no País. Utilizamos da técnica Delfos de pesquisa, onde os especialistas são consultados através de questionários constituídos de perguntas abertas, possibilitando assim chegar a um consenso das opiniões no final da pesquisa. Como resultado da pesquisa, é elaborado um quadro com a tabulação das respostas dos especialistas consultados revelando o panorama das perspectivas futuras das implementações de repositórios institucionais no Brasil na opinião dos especialistas que fazem parte da nossa amostra de pesquisa.
audio-ultrasonic waves by argon gas discharge
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ragheb, M.S.
2010-01-01
in the present work, wave emission formed by audio-ultrasonic plasma is investigated. the evidence of the magnetic and electric fields presence is performed by experimental technique. comparison between experimental field measurements and several plasma wave methods reveals the plasma audio-ultrasonic radiations mode. this plasma is a symmetrically driven capacitive discharge, consisting of three interactive regions: the electrodes, the sheaths, and the positive column regions . the discharge voltage is up to 900 volts, the discharge current flowing through the plasma attains a value of 360 mA .the frequency of the discharge voltage covers the audio and the ultrasonic range up to 100 khz. the effective plasma working distance has increased to attain the total length of the tube of 40 cm. a non-disturbing method using an external coil is used to measure the electric discharge field in a plane perpendicular to that of the plasma axe tube. this method proves the existence of a current flowing in a direction perpendicular to the plasma axe tube. a system of minute coils sensors proved the existence of two fields in two perpendicular directions . comparison between different observed fields reveals the existence of propagating electromagnetic waves due to the alternating current flowing through the skin plasma tube. the field intensity distribution along the tube draws the discharge current behavior between the two plasma electrodes that can be used to predict the range of the plasma discharge current.
A dielectric barrier discharge in neon at atmospheric pressure
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ran Junxia; Luo Haiyun; Wang Xinxin
2011-01-01
A dielectric barrier discharge in neon at atmospheric pressure is investigated with electrical measurement and fast photography. It is found that a stable diffuse discharge can be easily generated in a gap with a gap space of 0.5-6 mm and is identified with a glow discharge. The first breakdown voltage of the gap is considerably higher than that of the same gap working in a stable diffuse discharge mode, which indicates that Penning ionization of neon metastables from the previous discharge with inevitable gas impurities plays an important role in the decrease in the breakdown voltage. Discharge patterns are observed in a gap shorter than 1 mm. From the experiments with a wedge-like gap, it is found that the discharge patterns are formed in the area with a higher applied electric field, which suggests that a higher applied electric field may cause a transition from a diffuse glow to discharge patterns.
Estimated discharge of treated wastewater in Florida, 1990
Marella, R.L.
1994-01-01
According to the Florida Department of Environ- mental Protection, 5,100 wastewater treatment systems were in operation during 1990. Of this total, 72 percent were domestic wastewater facilities and 28 percent were industrial waste- water facilities. The number of wastewater systems inventoried for 1990 was 1,062 (systems that treated and discharged more than 0.01 Mgal/d or had a plant capacity of greater than 0.04 Mgal/d. Based on this inventory, the estimated discharge of treated wastewater in Florida during 1990 totaled 1,638 million gallons per day. Approxi- mately 65 percent of this water was discharged to surface water during 1990 and the remaining 35 percent was discharged to ground water. Discharge to surface water includes effluent outfalls into the Atlantic Ocean (32 percent), while the re- maining (68 percent) is discharged into the Gulf of Mexico, bays, rivers, wetlands, and other surface water bodies throughout Florida. Discharge to ground-water includes treated effluent outfalls to land application systems (reuse systems and spray fields), drain fields, percolation ponds (51 percent), and to injection wells (49 percent). An estimated 322 million gallons per day of the treated domestic and industrial wastewater was reused during 1990. Discharge of treated domestic wastewater from the 994 systems inventoried in Florida during 1990 totaled 1,353 million gallons per day and served an estimated 8.58 million people (66 percent of the population of Florida in 1990). The remaining 34 percent of the popu- lation (4.36 million) are served by the 2,700 smaller domestic wastewater systems or have individual septic tanks. In 1990, there were 1.56 million septic tanks in Florida. Discharge of industrial wastewater was inventoried for 68 systems in 1990 and totaled 285 million gallons per day. Discharge of domestic wastewater in- creased more than 20 percent and industrial wastewater discharge increased 5 percent from 1985 to 1990. (USGS)
Basic principles and applications of atmospheric-pressure discharge plasmas
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Becker, K.H.
2002-01-01
The principles that govern the generation and maintenance of atmospheric - pressure discharge plasmas are summarized. The properties and operating parameters of various types such as dielectric barrier discharge plasmas (DBDs), corona discharge plasmas (CDs), microhollow cathode discharge plasmas (MHCDs) , and dielectric capillary electrode discharge plasmas (CDEDs) are introduced. All of them are self sustained, non equilibrium gas discharges that can be operated at atmospheric pressure. CDs and DBDDs represent very similar types of discharges, while DBDs are characterized by insulating layers on one or both electrodes, CDs depend on inhomogeneous electric fields at least in some parts of the electrode configuration to restrict the primary ionization processes to a small fraction of the inter - electrode region. Their application to novel light sources in the ultraviolet (UV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) spectral region is described. (nevyjel)
Parental experiences of early postnatal discharge
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Nilsson, Ingrid; Danbjørg, Dorthe B.; Aagaard, Hanne
2015-01-01
that included both parents, having influence on time of discharge, and getting individualised and available support focused on developing and recognising their own experiences of taking care of the baby. Conclusions and implications for practice the new parents׳ experiences of early discharge and becoming...
[Severe vaginal discharge following rectal surgery
Burg, L.C.; Bremers, A.J.A.; Heesakkers, J.P.; Kluivers, K.B.
2018-01-01
BACKGROUND: Almost 50% of women who have had rectal surgery subsequently develop vaginal discharge. Due to the recurrent and unexpected nature of this heavy discharge, they often experience it as very distressing. Many of these women undergo extensive diagnostic tests that are mainly focused on
A prova no processo administrativo tributário
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Adriano Ribeiro Caldas
2014-12-01
Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir o papel da prova no âmbito do processo administrativo tributário, assim como os limites para a sua apresentação e a distribuição do ônus de sua produção. Para tanto, serão analisados os institutos da preclusão e da presunção, partindo-se sempre dos princípios aplicáveis ao processo administrativo tributário, notadamente os princípios do devido processo legal, da verdade material e do formalismo moderado.
Sizing of an Ammonia Discharge Tank
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Tuliagenda Beckfords
2011-01-01
Full Text Available Phosphate companies use well-stirred tanks to regulate the concentration of ammonia they discharge via their wastewater, preventing ammonia spikes from exceeding the cap set by the Environmental Protection Agency. This report discusses the methods used to determine the minimum possible volume of the tank required to regulate wastewater discharge. With this information, it was determined that the use of a stirring tank is an efficient and cost effective way to regulate ammonia discharge. Based on these results many other companies may use this method to decrease the negative effects of ammonia on the environment.
Bos, A.P.; Annevelink, E.; Bos, H.L.; Keijsers, E.R.P.; Maas, van der M.P.; Poot, E.H.; Vermeulen, T.; Raaphorst, M.G.M.; Maas, van der A.A.; Schoorlemmer, H.B.; Dijk, van S.M.
2013-01-01
RIO (Reflexief Interactief Ontwerpen) bestaat uit drie hoofdonderdelen: de (systeem)analysefase, de ontwerpfase en de verankeringsfase. RIO is ontstaan in een veehouderijcontext. Die context heeft een aantal specifieke eigenschappen, die toepassing van RIO in andere sectoren niet volledig
Discharge cleaning on TFTR after boronization
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mueller, D.; Dylla, H.F.; LaMarche, P.H.; Bell, M.G.; Blanchard, W.; Bush, C.E.; Gentile, C.; Hawryluk, R.J.; HIll, K.W.; Janos, A.C.; Jobes, F.C; Owens, D.K.; Pearson, G.; Schivell, J.; Ulrickson, M.A.; Vannoy, C.; Wong, K.L.
1991-05-01
At the beginning of the 1990 TFTR experimental run, after replacement of POCO-AXF-5Q graphite tiles on the midplane of the bumper limiter by carbon fiber composite (CFC) tiles and prior to any Pulse Discharge Cleaning (PDC), boronization was performed. Boronization is the deposition of a layer of boron and carbon on the vacuum vessel inner surface by a glow discharge in a diborane, methane and helium mixture. The amount of discharge cleaning required after boronization was substantially reduced compared to that which was needed after previous openings when boronization was not done. Previously, after a major shutdown, about 10 5 low current (∼20 kA) Taylor Discharge Cleaning (TDC) pulses were required before high current (∼400 kA) aggressive Pulse Discharge Cleaning (PDC) pulses could be performed successfully. Aggressive PDC is used to heat the limiters from the vessel bakeout temperature of 150 degrees C to 250 degrees C for a period of several hours. Heating the limiters is important to increase the rate at which water is removed from the carbon limiter tiles. After boronization, the number of required TDC pulses was reduced to <5000. The number of aggressive PDC pulses required was approximately unchanged. 14 refs., 1 tab
Influence of Duty Cycle on Ozone Generation and Discharge Using Volume Dielectric Barrier Discharge
Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database
Wei, L.S.; Pongrác, Branislav; Zhang, Y.F.; Liang, X.; Prukner, Václav; Šimek, Milan
2018-01-01
Roč. 38, č. 2 (2018), s. 355-364 ISSN 0272-4324 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA15-04023S Institutional support: RVO:61389021 Keywords : Ozone generation * Volume dielectric barrier discharge * Electrical characteristics * Duty cycle * Adjustable ozone concentration Subject RIV: BL - Plasma and Gas Discharge Physics OBOR OECD: Fluids and plasma physics (including surface physics) Impact factor: 2.355, year: 2016 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11090-017-9866-y
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Gina Torres Rego Monteiro
1997-01-01
's reliability. A total of 86 cases were studied as a consequence of 11 losses (11.3%. Reliability analysis of questionnaires revealed 90.7% agreement according to stomach cancer diagnosis (kappa = 0.73. Accuracy was calculated by positive predictive value: 90.7%. Eight cases were discharged after clinical and laboratory revision. The study concludes that mortality data by stomach cancer in the city of Rio de Janeiro are very reliable, and that their level of accuracy is adequate for use in epidemiological studies.
Carman, Robert; Ward, Barry; Kane, Deborah
2011-10-01
The electrical breakdown characteristics of a double-walled cylindrical dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) lamp with a neon buffer gas under pulsed voltage excitation have been investigated. Following the formation of plasma in the main discharge gap, we have observed secondary breakdown phenomena at the inner and outer mesh electrode/dielectric interfaces under specific operating conditions. Plasma formation at these interfaces is investigated by monitoring the Ozone production rate in controlled flows of ultra high purity oxygen together with the overall electrical voltage-charge characteristics of the lamp. The results show that this secondary breakdown only occurs after the main discharge plasma has been established, and that significant electrical power may be dissipated in generating these spurious secondary plasmas. The results are important with regards to optimising the design and identifying efficient operating regimes of DBD based devices that employ mesh-type or wire/strip electrodes.
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Carlos A Garcia Montes de Oca
2011-03-01
Full Text Available The objective of the present study was to determine the chemical composition and in vitro gas production of different legume and wild arboreal pods. Seven seeds of legume browse species, Mexican calabash (Crescentia alata, esculent leadtree (Leucaena esculenta, guamuchil (Phitecellobium dulce, bastard cedar (Guazuma ulmifolia, needle bush (Acacia farnesiana, mimosa (Mimosa sp. and elephant ear tree (Enterolobium cyclocarpum. Were evaluated for their chemical composition (g/kg DM and in vitro gas production pattern. Crude Protein was higher for L. esculenta (220 and lower for G. ulmifolia (70. Neutral and acid detergent fiber were higher for G. ulmifolia (687 and 554 and lower for A. farnesiana (267 and 176. Lignin was higher for Mimosa sp. (219 and lower for P. dulce (81. Total gas production (ml gas/g DM of P. dulce (187 and E. cyclocarpum (164 were higher (P
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João Arriscado Nunes
2012-10-01
Full Text Available O artigo investiga a formação de grupos musicais com usuários dos serviços de saúde mental da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. As seguintes questões norteiam a pesquisa: a qual é a relação entre tais grupos musicais e outros dispositivos grupais de tratamento, como a musicoterapia?; b como lidam esses grupos com a inclusão social dos usuários dos serviços?; c e como lidam com a renda gerada pelos CDs gravados e pelos shows?; d que efeitos produz a visibilidade dos grupos nas mídias televisiva, impressa e outras? A pesquisa de campo foi realizada com o referencial da teoria ator‑rede e se centrou em dois grupos musicais: o Sistema Nervoso Alterado e o Harmonia Enlouquece. As conclusões indicam que a emergência de tais grupos musicais está associada ao cenário da Reforma Psiquiátrica e que as suas práticas podem problematizar e contrariar o estigma da loucura.
Rio de Janeiro: Instrumentation school
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Anon.
1990-01-01
Students from Latin America were able to get hands-on experience in state-of-the-art physics instrumentation in this year's School on Instrumentation for High Energy Physics organized by the active Instrumentation Panel of ICFA (the International Committee for Future Accelerators) at the Centro Brasileiro de Pesquicas Fisicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, in July
In-situ Moessbauer Spectroscopy with MIMOS II at Rio Tinto, Spain
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Fleischer, I; Klingelhoefer, G; Wehrheim, S; Ebert, S; Panthoefer, M; Blumers, M; Schmanke, D; Maul, J; Schroeder, C [Institut fuer Anorganische und analytische Chemie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universitaet Mainz, Staudinger Weg 9, 55128 Mainz (Germany); Rull, F, E-mail: fleischi@uni-mainz.d [Unidad Asociada UVA-CSIC, al Centro de AstrobiologIa, Universidad de Valladolid, 47006-Valladolid (Spain)
2010-03-01
The Rio Tinto, located in southwest Spain, exhibits a nearly constant, acidic pH-value along its course. Due to the formation of sulfate minerals, Rio Tinto is considered a potential analogue site for sulfate-rich regions on Mars, in particular at the landing site of the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity, where the ferric sulfate mineral jarosite was identified with Opportunity's Moessbauer spectrometer. Primary and secondary mineralogy was investigated in situ with portable Raman and Moessbauer spectrometers at four different Rio Tinto sampling sites. The two techniques analyse different sample portions due to their specific field of view and sampling depth and provide complementary mineralogical information.
In-situ Moessbauer Spectroscopy with MIMOS II at Rio Tinto, Spain
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Fleischer, I; Klingelhoefer, G; Wehrheim, S; Ebert, S; Panthoefer, M; Blumers, M; Schmanke, D; Maul, J; Schroeder, C; Rull, F
2010-01-01
The Rio Tinto, located in southwest Spain, exhibits a nearly constant, acidic pH-value along its course. Due to the formation of sulfate minerals, Rio Tinto is considered a potential analogue site for sulfate-rich regions on Mars, in particular at the landing site of the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity, where the ferric sulfate mineral jarosite was identified with Opportunity's Moessbauer spectrometer. Primary and secondary mineralogy was investigated in situ with portable Raman and Moessbauer spectrometers at four different Rio Tinto sampling sites. The two techniques analyse different sample portions due to their specific field of view and sampling depth and provide complementary mineralogical information.