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Sample records for revestidos contendo captopril

  1. Estudo termoanalítico de comprimidos revestidos contendo captopril através de termogravimetria (TG e calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC Thermal analysis study of captopril coated tablets by thermogravimetry (TG and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Giovana Carolina Bazzo

    2005-09-01

    Full Text Available No presente trabalho foram desenvolvidos comprimidos de captopril revestidos com hidroxipropilmetilcelulose (HPMC, Opadry®, polivinilpirrolidona (PVP, Eudragit® E e goma laca. Foi realizado estudo termoanalítico do fármaco e das formulações através de termogravimetria (TG e calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC. Através da análise das curvas DSC verificou-se que não houve a ocorrência de interação entre o fármaco e os excipientes lactose, celulose microcristalina, croscarmelose sódica, Aerosil® e talco, utilizados na formulação do comprimido. Através desta técnica detectou-se a possibilidade de interação entre captopril e estearato de magnésio. De acordo com os resultados obtidos através de DSC não foram observadas alterações na cristalinidade do fármaco decorrentes dos processos de compressão e revestimento. A termogravimetria foi utilizada para o estudo da cinética de degradação do captopril e dos comprimidos. Os parâmetros cinéticos foram determinados através do método de Ozawa. Os resultados demonstraram que não houve alteração da estabilidade térmica do captopril na forma de comprimido. A formulação revestida com HPMC foi a que apresentou maior estabilidade térmica, quando comparada às demais formulações de revestimento.In the present study, captopril coated tablets with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC, Opadry®, polyvinylpirrolidone (PVP, Eudragit® and shellac were produced. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC and thermogravimetry (TG were used to evaluate the thermal properties of the drug and the formulations. On the basis of DSC results, captopril was found to be compatible with lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium croscarmellose, Aerosil® and talc. Some possibility of interaction between drug-excipient was observed with magnesium stearate. However, additional techniques to confirm the results obtained are needed. There was no influence of mechanical treatment (tableting

  2. Flow-injection spectrophotometric determination of captopril in pharmaceutical formulations using a new solid-phase reactor containing AgSCN immobilized in a polyurethane resin

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Campanhã Vicentini

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available A simple flow-injection analysis procedure was developed for determining captopril in pharmaceutical formulations employing a novel solid-phase reactor containing silver thiocyanate immobilized in a castor oil derivative polyurethane resin. The method was based on silver mercaptide formation between the captopril and Ag(I in the solid-phase reactor. During such a reaction, the SCN- anion was released and reacted with Fe3+, which generated the FeSCN2+ complex that was continuously monitored at 480 nm. The analytical curve was linear in the captopril concentration range from 3.0 × 10-4 mol L-1 to 1.1 × 10-3 mol L-1 with a detection limit of 8.0 × 10-5 mol L-1. Recoveries between 97.5% and 103% and a relative standard deviation of 2% for a solution containing 6.0 × 10-4 mol L-1 captopril (n = 12 were obtained. The sample throughput was 40 h-1 and the results obtained for captopril in pharmaceutical formulations using this procedure and those obtained using a pharmacopoeia procedure were in agreement at a 95% confidence level.Um procedimento simples de análise por injeção em fluxo foi desenvolvido para a determinação de captopril em formulações farmacêuticas empregando um novo reator em fase sólida contendo tiocianato de prata imobilizado em resina poliuretana obtida a partir de óleo de mamona. O método foi baseado na formação de um mercapto composto de prata, no reator em fase sólida, obtido entre o captopril e Ag (I imobilizada. Durante a reação, íons SCN- eram liberados e reagiam com Fe3+, gerando o complexo FeSCN2+, que foi continuamente monitorado em 480 nm. A curva analítica foi linear no intervalo de concentração de captopril entre 3,0 × 10-4 a 1,1 × 10-3 mol L-1 com um limite de detecção de 8,0 × 10-5 mol L-1. Recuperações entre 97,5-103% e desvio padrão relativo de 2% para uma solução contendo 6,0 × 10-4 mol L-1 de captopril (n = 12 foram obtidos. A frequência de amostragem foi de 40 h-1 e os resultados

  3. Specific delivery of captopril to the kidney with the prodrug captopril-lysozyme

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kok, R.J; Moolenaar, Frits; de Zeeuw, D; Meijer, D.K F

    Low-molecular-weight proteins (LMWPs) accumulate in the proximal tubular cells of the kidney, which makes these proteins interesting tools for renal drug targeting. We studied this approach using the LMWP lysozyme as a carrier for the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril. Captopril was

  4. Captopril

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... or pharmacist if you are taking valsartan and sacubitril (Entresto) or if you have stopped taking it ... captopril, if you are also taking valsartan and sacubitril. Also, tell your doctor if you have diabetes ...

  5. [Photometric determination of captopril using label-free silver nanoparticles].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Rui; Yan, Hong-Tao

    2013-04-01

    A simple, rapid and sensitive colorimetric method for the determination of captopril is presented in the present paper. It is based on the fact that captopril can induce the aggregation of AgNPs, thereby resulting in their yellow-to-red color change and the absorbance decrease at lambda395 nm. The mechanism of the aggregation effect was discussed in detail. Under the optimized conditions, the linear range of determination of captopril was 1-35 microg x mL(-1) with correction coefficient 0.998 4. The detection limit of the method for captopril was 0.7 microg x mL(-1). The method has been applied to the determination of captopril in tablets with satisfactory result.

  6. Development studies of captopril certified reference material

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raquel Nogueira

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available This paper describes the studies performed with the candidate Certified Reference Material (CRM of captopril, the first CRM of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API in Brazil, including determination of impurities (organic, inorganic and volatiles, homogeneity testing, short- and long-term stability studies, calculation of captopril content using the mass balance approach, and estimation of the associated measurement uncertainty.Este artigo descreve os estudos realizados com o candidato a Material de Referência Certificado (MRC de captopril, primeiro MRC de fármacos no Brasil, incluindo a determinação de impurezas (orgânicas, inorgânicas e voláteis, testes de homogeneidade, testes de estabilidade de curta e longa duração, cálculo do teor de captopril por balanço de massa e estimativa da incerteza de medição associada ao valor certificado.

  7. Stability of captopril in powder papers under three storage conditions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Taketomo, C.K.; Chu, S.A.; Cheng, M.H.; Corpuz, R.P.

    1990-01-01

    The stability of captopril in powder papers under three different storage conditions was determined. Captopril 12.5-mg tablets were triturated with lactose to a final concentration of 2 mg of captopril in 100 mg of powder. A total of 240 powder papers were prepared and stored in class A prescription vials (80 papers), 002G plastic zip-lock bags (80 papers), and Moisture Proof Barrier Bags (80 papers). Immediately after preparation and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks of storage at room temperature, powder papers under each storage condition were reweighed and the contents were assayed for captopril concentration by a stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic method. More than 90% of the initial captopril concentration was retained under all storage conditions during the first 12 weeks of the study. Captopril disulfide, a degradation product, was detected in one sample stored in a plastic zip-lock bag at 24 weeks. Captopril was stable for the entire 24-week period in powder papers stored in either the class A prescription vial or the Moisture Proof Barrier Bag. Captopril in powder papers is stable for at least 12 weeks when stored at room temperature under all three storage conditions

  8. Captopril reduces collagen and mast cell accumulation in irradiated rat lung

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ward, W.F.; Molteni, A.; Ts'ao, C.H.; Hinz, J.M.

    1990-01-01

    The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril ameliorates radiation-induced pulmonary endothelial dysfunction in rats. The present study determined whether captopril also reduces collagen (hydroxyproline) accumulation in the lungs of rats sacrificed 2 months after a range of single doses (0-30 Gy) of 60Co gamma rays to the right hemithorax. Captopril was administered in the feed at a regimen of 0, 25, or 50 mg/kg/day continuously after irradiation. Mast cell counts also were obtained from lungs of all animals exposed to 30 Gy. In rats receiving no captopril, there was a radiation dose-dependent increase in right lung hydroxyproline (HP) content and in HP concentration per g wet weight. Captopril produced a drug dose-dependent suppression in this radiation-induced HP accumulation. At a dose of 50 mg/kg/d, captopril reduced the slope of the radiation dose response curve for lung HP content by a factor of 1.7, and completely prevented the increase in HP concentration. At an isoeffect level of 550 micrograms HP per right superior lobe, this dose of captopril exhibited a DRF of 1.7 +/- 0.2. In rats exposed to 30 Gy, moreover, the number of mast cells per mm2 of alveolar cross-sectional surface area decreased from 105 +/- 8 to 100 +/- 7 and 59 +/- 5 in the groups given 0, 25 or 50 mg/kg/d of captopril, respectively, (vs none in sham-irradiated rats). These data are the first to demonstrate that the ACE inhibitor captopril might provide a novel intervention in the pathogenesis of radiation fibrosis

  9. Usefulness of captopril enhanced renogram in renovascular hypertension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Enkhtuya, B.; Onkhuudai, P.; Sereegotov, E.; Tamir, J.; Monkhjargal, B.; Khishigjargal, Z.

    2007-01-01

    Full text: Arterial hypertension is caused mainly by renal disease. Conventional angiography which is the gold standard has been used to diagnose renal artery stenosis in adults. However, due to its invasiveness, it can not be utilized as a screening test in all patients suspected to have renal artery stenosis. The aim of the study was to identify the role of captopril renography in hypertensive patients suspected of having renovascular hypertension. We retrospectively evaluated 124 patients (74 males, 50 females between 19- 45 ages) all of them presented with blood pressure readings of 190/120. All patients underwent baseline radionuclide renography and captopril interventional renography. 110- 145 MBq (3-5 mCi) Tc-99m DTPA was injected intravenously. The interval of first 60 seconds of acquisition time is 2 seconds per frame, then every 30 seconds / frame for 25 minutes with multi SPECT. ACE (captopril enapril) inhibitor were withheld for 3-5 days prior to imaging, also withheld were losartan (an angiotensin II receptor blocker ) and diuretics for 2 days prior to the study. A baseline and a captopril (after administering 25 mg oral captopril) renogram were performed on two consecutive days by following standard protocol. In comparison with basal renography captopril was considered as positive following these criteria: The size of ischemic kidney was decreased, the clearance rate at 20 min decreased more than 10%, and the peak time of ischemic kidney was significantly delayed. In 9 patients, there were moderate to high probability of renovascular hypertension. All 9 patients underwent renal angiography to complete scintigraphic findings and renal artery stenosis was revealed in 7 patients. Conclusion: Our study shows low incidence of renovascular disease among hypertensive patients. However, the above study is important in identifying differences between renovascular and essential hypertension. Significance of the captopril renography is that, it is relatively

  10. Captopril in the hepatorenal syndrome

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cobden, I.; Shore, A.; Wilkinson, R.; Record, C.O.

    1985-08-01

    Five patients with hepatorenal syndrome were treated with the orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril (25 or 50 mg 6 hourly) for up to 48 hours. Only one patient showed a significant increase in urinary sodium concentration (from less than 10 to 70 mmol/liter), but without associated diuresis; renal function continued to deteriorate in all patients with persistent oliguria and rising serum creatinine. The outcome was uniformly fatal. These results suggest that in the hepatorenal syndrome, captopril in standard dosage is without benefit, and provide further evidence that the changes in the renin-angiotensin system are probably secondary to reduced renal perfusion from some other cause.

  11. Lack of interaction between the peptidomimetic substrates captopril and cephradine.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Foster, David R; Yee, Shiyin; Bleske, Barry E; Carver, Peggy L; Shea, Michael J; Menon, Sujatha S; Ramachandran, Chandrasekharan; Welage, Lynda S; Amidon, Gordon L

    2009-03-01

    Intestinal peptide transporters, including hPEPT1, facilitate the absorption of cephalosporins and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and have been investigated as a means to improve oral drug absorption. Renal peptide transporters including hPEPT2, may also facilitate renal reabsorption of such compounds. In vitro and animal studies suggest that co-administration of peptidomimetic compounds may alter oral pharmacokinetics, although this has not been well studied in humans. The purpose of this study was to determine whether co-administration of the hPEPT substrates captopril and cephradine alters the oral pharmacokinetics of either agent. Nine healthy male volunteers received a single oral 25-mg dose of captopril, a single oral 500-mg dose of cephradine, or concurrent ingestion of captopril and cephradine in a cross-over manner. Venous blood samples were taken and captopril and cephradine pharmacokinetics were determined using noncompartmental analyses. No significant differences were observed in captopril or cephradine pharmacokinetics when administered together as compared to each agent alone (a marginal decrease in C(max) was observed for both captopril and cephradine during co-administration [5-15%]; however, differences were not statistically significant). The results of our study suggest that hPEPT1 and hPEPT2 are unlikely to contribute to clinically important drug interactions in humans.

  12. Captopril suppression: limitations for confirmation of primary aldosteronism.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Westerdahl, Christina; Bergenfelz, Anders; Isaksson, Anders; Valdemarsson, Stig

    2011-09-01

    The aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR) is the first line screening test for primary aldosteronism (PA). However, in hypertensive patients with an increased ARR, PA needs to be confirmed by other means. A 25 mg oral captopril test was performed in 16 healthy subjects to obtain reference values for aldosterone and ARR at 120 minutes after the test. Subsequently these data were applied to 46 hypertensive patients screened for PA with an increased ARR. At 120 minutes after the captopril test ARR decreased in healthy subjects within a narrow range, but remained high in patients with PA and in patients with primary hypertension, especially for those with low renin characteristics. At 120 minutes after captopril, the range of ARR in primary hypertensive patients overlapped in 88% of the cases with the range of the ARR in the PA patients. Sensitivity and specificity of basal ARR and ARR after the captopril test to diagnose PA, calculated as receiver operator characteristics, showed an area under the curve of 0.595 for basal ARR and 0.664 for ARR at 120 minutes after the test. The ARR at 120 minutes after the captopril test is only marginally better than basal ARR in diagnosing PA in hypertensive patients screened with an increased ARR. Owing to an overall limited capacity to clearly discriminate PA from primary hypertension, the test could not therefore be recommended for the confirmatory diagnosis of PA.

  13. Alteration of split renal function during Captopril treatment

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Aburano, Tamio; Takayama, Teruhiko; Nakajima, Kenichi; Tonami, Norihisa; Hisada, Kinichi; Yasuhara, Shuichirou; Miyamori, Isamu; Takeda, Ryoyu

    1987-01-01

    Two different methods to evaluate the alteration of split renal function following continued Captopril treatment were studied in a total of 21 patients with hypertension. Eight patients with renovascular hypertension (five with unilateral renal artery stenosis and three with bilateral renal artery stenoses), three patients with diabetic nephropathy, one patient with primary aldosteronism, and nine patients with essential hypertension were included. The studies were performed the day prior to receiving Captopril (baseline), and 6th or 7th day following continued Captopril treatment (37.5 mg or 75 mg/day). Split effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) after injections of I-131 hippuran and Tc-99m DTPA were measured using kidney counting corrected for depth and dose, described by Schlegel and Gates. In the patients with renovascular hypertension, split GFR in the stenotic kidney was significantly decreased 6th or 7th day following continued Captopril treatment compared to a baseline value. And split ERPF in the stenotic kidney was slightly increased although significant increase of split ERPF was not shown. In the patients with diabetic nephropathy, primary aldosteronism or essential hypertension, on the other hand, split GFR was not changed and split ERPF was slightly increased. These findings suggest that the Captopril induced alterations of split renal function may be of importance for the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension. For this purpose, split GFR determination is more useful than split ERPF determination. (author)

  14. The effect of captopril on thallium 201 myocardial perfusion in systemic sclerosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kahan, A.; Devaux, J.Y.; Amor, B.; Menkes, C.J.; Weber, S.; Venot, A.; Strauch, G.

    1990-01-01

    In systemic sclerosis, abnormalities of myocardial perfusion are common and may be caused by a disturbance of the coronary microcirculation. We evaluated the long-term effect of captopril (75 to 150 mg per day) on thallium 201 myocardial perfusion in 12 normotensive patients with systemic sclerosis. Captopril significantly decreased the mean (+/- SD) number of segments with thallium 201 myocardial perfusion defects (6.5 +/- 1.9 at baseline and 4.4 +/- 2.7 after 1 year of treatment with captopril; p less than 0.02) and increased the mean global thallium score (9.6 +/- 1.7 at baseline and 11.4 +/- 2.1 after captopril; p less than 0.05). In a control group of eight normotensive patients with systemic sclerosis who did not receive captopril, no significant modification in thallium results occurred. Side effects with captopril included hypotension (six patients), taste disturbances (one patient), and skin rash (one patient). These side effects subsided when the dosage was reduced. These findings demonstrate that captopril improves thallium 201 myocardial perfusion in patients with systemic sclerosis and may therefore have a beneficial effect on scleroderma myocardial disease

  15. Clonidine versus Captopril for Severe Postpartum Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Noronha Neto C

    Full Text Available Changes during the puerperium are still unclear, particularly in women with hypertension. The choice of antihypertensives, both to control very high blood pressure episodes and to keep blood pressure stable, also requires further elucidation. Currently, there are no clear data to guide the decision for the choice of postpartum antihypertensives. Captopril plays an important role in the treatment of very high blood pressure episodes and may be used postpartum. Clonidine has been used as an alternative in pregnant or postpartum women with contraindications to captopril, with satisfactory effect. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of clonidine compared to captopril for treating severe postpartum hypertension.A randomized, drug-controlled, triple-blind clinical trial evaluating postpartum women receiving captopril or clonidine. Inclusion criteria consisted of: women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy systolic blood pressure (SBP ≥180 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP ≥110 mmHg], requiring magnesium sulfate. Exclusion criteria were: heart disease, smoking, illicit drug use, contraindications to captopril, clonidine or oral medication, and having used captopril/clonidine previously. The primary outcome was the frequency of very high blood pressure episodes while in the obstetric intensive care unit. A total of 90 postpartum women met the study inclusion criteria, with 45 randomized to each group. There were fewer very high blood pressure episodes during hospitalization (2.1 ± 2.1 vs. 3.5 ± 4.7, p = 0.08, greater percentage reduction in SBP (14.0% ± 8.6% vs. 10.8% ± 8.8%, p = 0.08 and fewer women requiring sodium nitroprusside (2.3% vs. 13.3%; RR: 0.17; 95%CI: 0.02-1.39; p = 0.06 in the clonidine group compared to the captopril group; however, these differences were not significant. The groups were similar regarding daily mean SBP or DBP; however, on the third postpartum day, mean SBP

  16. Immunomodulatory effect of captopril and local irradiation on myeloid-derived suppressor cells

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cho, Won Kyung; Shin, Sung Won; Kim, Shin Yeong; Choi, Chang Hoon; Park, Won; Noh, Jae Myoung; Hong, Chang Won

    2016-01-01

    This study is to investigate the effect of captopril when combined with irradiation. 4T1 (mouse mammary carcinoma) cells were injected in the right hind leg of Balb/c mice. Mice were randomized to four groups; control (group 1), captopril-treated (group 2), irradiated (group 3), irradiated and captopril-treated concurrently (group 4). Captopril was administered by intraperitoneal injection (10 mg/kg) daily and irradiation was delivered on the tumor-bearing leg for 15 Gy in 3 fractions. Surface markers of splenic neutrophils (G-MDSCs) and intratumoral neutrophils (tumor-associated neutrophils [TANs]) were assessed using flow cytometry and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) of tumor was evaluated by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The mean tumor volumes (±standard error) at the 15th day after randomization were 1,382.0 (±201.2) mm 3 (group 1), 559.9 (±67.8) mm 3 (group 3), and 370.5 (± 48.1) mm 3 (group 4), respectively. For G-MDSCs, irradiation reversed decreased expression of CD 101 from tumor-bearing mice, and additional increase of CD 101 expression was induced by captopril administration. Similar tendency was observed in TANs. The expression of tumor-necrosis factor-associated molecules, CD 120 and CD 137 , are increased by irradiation in both G-MDSCs and TANs. Further increment was observed by captopril except CD 120 in TANs. For IHC staining, VEGF and HIF-1α positivity in tumor cells were decreased when treated with captopril. Captopril is suggested to have additional effect when combined to irradiation in a murine tumor model by modulation of MDSCs and angiogenesis

  17. Immunomodulatory effect of captopril and local irradiation on myeloid-derived suppressor cells

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cho, Won Kyung; Shin, Sung Won; Kim, Shin Yeong; Choi, Chang Hoon; Park, Won; Noh, Jae Myoung [Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Hong, Chang Won [Dept. of Physiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu (Korea, Republic of)

    2016-09-15

    This study is to investigate the effect of captopril when combined with irradiation. 4T1 (mouse mammary carcinoma) cells were injected in the right hind leg of Balb/c mice. Mice were randomized to four groups; control (group 1), captopril-treated (group 2), irradiated (group 3), irradiated and captopril-treated concurrently (group 4). Captopril was administered by intraperitoneal injection (10 mg/kg) daily and irradiation was delivered on the tumor-bearing leg for 15 Gy in 3 fractions. Surface markers of splenic neutrophils (G-MDSCs) and intratumoral neutrophils (tumor-associated neutrophils [TANs]) were assessed using flow cytometry and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) of tumor was evaluated by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The mean tumor volumes (±standard error) at the 15th day after randomization were 1,382.0 (±201.2) mm{sup 3} (group 1), 559.9 (±67.8) mm{sup 3} (group 3), and 370.5 (± 48.1) mm{sup 3} (group 4), respectively. For G-MDSCs, irradiation reversed decreased expression of CD{sub 101} from tumor-bearing mice, and additional increase of CD{sub 101} expression was induced by captopril administration. Similar tendency was observed in TANs. The expression of tumor-necrosis factor-associated molecules, CD{sub 120} and CD{sub 137}, are increased by irradiation in both G-MDSCs and TANs. Further increment was observed by captopril except CD{sub 120} in TANs. For IHC staining, VEGF and HIF-1α positivity in tumor cells were decreased when treated with captopril. Captopril is suggested to have additional effect when combined to irradiation in a murine tumor model by modulation of MDSCs and angiogenesis.

  18. Valsartan, captopril, or both in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Pfeffer, M.A.; McMurray, J.J.; Velazquez, E.J.

    2003-01-01

    of the angiotensin-receptor blocker valsartan, the ACE inhibitor captopril, and the combination of the two on mortality in this population of patients. METHODS: Patients receiving conventional therapy were randomly assigned, 0.5 to 10 days after acute myocardial infarction, to additional therapy with valsartan (4909...... patients), valsartan plus captopril (4885 patients), or captopril (4909 patients). The primary end point was death from any cause. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 24.7 months, 979 patients in the valsartan group died, as did 941 patients in the valsartan-and-captopril group and 958 patients...... in the captopril group (hazard ratio in the valsartan group as compared with the captopril group, 1.00; 97.5 percent confidence interval, 0.90 to 1.11; P=0.98; hazard ratio in the valsartan-and-captopril group as compared with the captopril group, 0.98; 97.5 percent confidence interval, 0.89 to 1.09; P=0...

  19. Different approaches for sensing captopril based on functionalized graphene quantum dots as photoluminescent probe

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Toloza, Carlos A.T.; Khan, Sarzamin; Silva, Renan L.D. [Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro 22451-900 (Brazil); Romani, Eric C.; Freire, F.L. [Department of Physics, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro 22451-900 (Brazil); Aucélio, Ricardo Q., E-mail: aucelior@puc-rio.br [Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro 22451-900 (Brazil)

    2016-11-15

    The determination of captopril is proposed using graphene quantum dots produced by the pyrolysis of citric acid and glutathione (GSH-GQDs). Captopril induces both quenching and spectral red-shifting in the photoluminescence from aqueous dispersions of GSH-GQDs. By employing Fe{sup 3+} as mediator (that enables signal quenching of GSH-GQDs), the presence of captopril restored the photoluminescence of quantum dots. Under optimized experimental conditions, the signal quenching from the GSH-GQDs as function of the concentration of captopril showed a linear response range covering three orders of magnitude (10{sup −6} to 10{sup −4} mol L{sup −1}). The proposed approaches were tested by determining captopril in simulated samples and in commercial pharmaceutical formulations. The measurement of either the spectral shifting observed of the GSH-GQDs probe or the photoluminescence switch on/off using GQDs-GSH-Fe{sup 3+} resulted in satisfactory recoveries of captopril, showing the quantitative sensing potential.

  20. Captopril radionuclide test in renovascular hypertension: a European multicentre study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fommei, E.; Ghione, S.; Hilson, A.J.W.; Mezzasalma, L.; Oei, H.Y.; Piepsz, A.; Volterrani, D.

    1993-01-01

    The efficacy of renal scintigraphy with technetium-99m DTPA before and after captopril was evaluated in a multicentre study. All 380 hypertensive patients in the study underwent renal arteriography; 125 had renal arterial stenosis ≥70%, and 54 had a technically successful intervention to correct the stenosis. The post-captopril study had a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 100% for predicting blood pressure response to intervention, if renal function was normal and a combination of quantitative parameters was applied. In the entire population renal artery stenosis ≥70% was detected with a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 93% if renal function was normal. In patients with abnormal renal function the performance of the test was worse, owing to a lower specificity which could be increased by using only time parameters. The performance of the test was optimal when the post-captopril findings were examined; no improvement was achieved by evaluation of the changes induced by captopril from the baseline. The test can thus be simplified by performing only a post-captopril study for routine use: a negative test would exclude a curable form of renovascular hypertension in right angle 80% and a positive test would predict it in right angle 90% of the patients selected for suspicion of the disease. Usefulness of the scintigraphic test for monitoring the clinical results of intervention is suggested by correlating post-intervention outcome with pre- and post-intervention scintigraphic results. (orig./MG)

  1. Effect of Apium graveolens Extract Administration on the Pharmacokinetics of Captopril in the Plasma of Rats

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Siska Siska

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Apium graveolens (celery is an edible and traditionally medicinal plant that is used worldwide, among others for the treatment of hypertension. Combining celery with antihypertensive drugs can affect the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the latter drugs. The aim of the study is to assess the effects of administrating the celery extract on captopril pharmacokinetics. Sprague-Dawley strain rats were divided into two groups (n = 6. Group I was given captopril (10 mg/kg Body Weight (BW orally, while Group II was pretreated with celery extract orally (40 mg/kg BW an hour before administration of captopril. The blood samples were withdrawn at various intervals after drug administration. The captopril concentration was determined using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS and from the blood data, the values of Ke, Cmax, Tmax, T1/2, and area under the curve (AUC were calculated. The results showed that oral administration of the celery extract increased Cmax (38.67%, T1/2 (37.84%, and AUC (58.10% and decreased Ke (27.45% of captopril in Group II (celery + captopril compared with Group I (captopril. In conclusion, celery extract can alter the pharmacokinetic of captopril when given in combination. The combination might be beneficial for the treatment of hypertension, as celery causes an increase in the plasma level of captopril, which can enhance its efficacy.

  2. Histomorphologic change of radiation pneumonitis in rat lungs: captopril reduces rat lung injury induced by irradiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Jin Hee

    1999-01-01

    To assess the histomorphologic changes in the rat lung injury induced by radiation, to determine whether captopril reduces the rat lung injury and to evaluate change in TNF-α and TGF β and rat lung damage by radiation and captopril. Right lungs in male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided irradiation alone (10, 20, 30 Gy) or radiation (same dose with radiation alone group) with captopril (500 mg/L). Radiation alone group were sacrificed at twelve hours and eleven weeks after radiation and radiation with captopril group (captopril group) were sacrificed at eleven weeks after radiation with captopril. We examined the light microscope and electron microscopic features in the groups. In radiation alone group, there were patch parenchymal collapse and consolidation at twelve hours after radiation. The increase of radiation dose shows more prominent the severity and broader the affected areas. Eleven weeks after radiation, the severity and areas of fibrosis had increased in proportion to radiation dose given in the radiation alone group. There was notable decrease of lung fibrosis in captopril group than in radiation alone group. The number of mast cells rapidly increased with increase of radiation dose in radiation alone group and the degree of increase of mast cell number and severity of collagen accumulation more decreased in captopril group than in radiation alone group. In radiation alone group expression of TNF-α and TGF-β] increased according to increase of radiation dose at twelve hours after radiation in both group. At eleven weeks after radiation, expression of TGF- P increased according to increase of radiation dose in radiation group but somewhat decreased in captopril group. In the captopril group the collagen deposition increased but less dense than those of radiation alone group. The severity of perivascular thickening, capillary change, the number and degranulation of mast cells more decreased in the captopril group than in the radiation alone group. It

  3. Interação medicamentosa de venlafaxina com captopril Drug interaction of velanfaxine with captopril

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Douglas D Sucar

    2000-09-01

    Full Text Available O autor descreve um caso de interação medicamentosa, em uma senhora de 53 anos de idade, com diagnóstico de depressão e de hipertensão arterial. Com níveis pressóricos estáveis, em conseqüência de um regime dietético e de uso do captopril -anti-hipertensivo inibidor da enzima de conversão da angiotensina -, passou a apresentar constantes descompensações do seu quadro clínico, com elevações da tensão arterial (TA, logo após a introdução da venlafaxina no seu esquema terapêutico. Esse medicamento é um potente antidepressivo de última geração, que atua no sistema nervoso central (SNC, inibindo a recaptação de serotonina e noradrenalina. Demonstra a interação pelo monitoramento da TA e aplicação do instrumento de Naranjo. Descreve as condições clínicas gerais da paciente e sua evolução, e discute os mecanismos prováveis que conduziram a interação pela hipótese que envolve o aumento de noradrenalina nos terminais sinápticos, o sistema renina-angiotensina e a bradicinina, concluindo que a venlafaxina agiu como antagonista, de modo indireto, sobre os efeitos hipotensores do captopril.This is a case report of drug interaction in a 53 year-old woman diagnosed with depression and arterial hypertension. As a result of a low-salt diet and the use of the captopril (an antihypertensive that inhibites the angiotensine conversion enzyme, her pressoric levels had been stable till venlafaxine was introduced in her therapeutic regime. By then she started to show an unstableclinical condition, with elevations of her arterial blood pressure (ABP. Venlafaxine is a potent last generation antidepressant drug, acting in the central nervous system (CNS by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonine and noradrenaline. The drug interaction is demonstrated by monitoring the ABP and using the Naranjo's tool.The patient's general clinical conditions and herprogress are presented, and the hypothetical mechanisms to the interaction, such as

  4. Captopril as a replacement for multiple therapy in hypertension: a controlled study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yodfat, Y; Fidel, J; Bloom, D S

    1985-11-01

    A controlled study was conducted in hypertensive patients to investigate whether captopril can be substituted for the various other antihypertensive drugs (not including diuretics) to reduce side effects and improve the quality of life. Captopril in a twice daily dose of 25-50 mg, was substituted and titrated in 54 patients. Fifty-two patients, matched by age and sex, comprised the control group, and were treated with a variety of agents. During a follow-up of 9 months, 44 of the patients receiving captopril (81%) achieved the goal of supine blood pressure less than 90 mmHg. Captopril was discontinued in two patients due to side effects. Mild proteinuria was observed in two patients. A significant reduction in scores or rates of side effects (numbness, blurred vision, insomnia, vivid dreams, cold extremities, sleepiness, sexual dysfunction and fatigue) and improvement in quality of life (general feeling, mood and concentration) was observed in the study group compared with the control group. Captopril alone in a twice daily dose of 25-50 mg, or in co-treatment with thiazide, provided sustained blood pressure control with minimal side effects and improvement in quality of life compared with the treatment of hypertension with beta-blockers, vasodilators or methyldopa.

  5. Treatment effects of captopril on non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    WANG Ning; ZHENG Zhi; JIN Hui-yi; XU Xun

    2012-01-01

    Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of diabetes.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor is thought to play an important role in preventing and treating retinal diseases in animal models of DR.The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI,captopril) in the treatment of patients with non-proliferative DR.Methods Three hundred and seventeen type 2 diabetic patients (88.05% of participants) without or with mild to moderate non-proliferative retinopathy were randomly divided into captopril group (n=202) and placebo group (n=115).All subjects received 24-month follow-up.General clinical examinations,including blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin,as well as comprehensive standardized ophthalmic examinations were performed.Color fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were used to grade diabetic retinopathy and detect macular edema respectively.Results The levels of blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin in the two groups of patients remained within the normal range during the entire follow-up and no significant difference was found between the initial and last visits,suggesting that ACEI drugs play a protective role on the DR patients independent of its anti-blood pressure role.DR classification showed that 169 eyes (83.66%) remained unchanged and the DR grade of 33 eyes (16.34%) increased in captopril group,while 84 eyes (73.04%) remained unchanged and the grade of 31 eyes (26.96%) increased in placebo group (P=0.024).Captopril treatment improved macular edema in 55.45% eyes,which was significantly higher than the 37.39% improvement in placebo group (P=0.002).No significant difference was found in the visual acuity between the two groups (P=0.271).Conclusion Captopril can improve or delay the development of DR and macular edema,which can be used in the early treatment of DR patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus.

  6. Captopril to Mitigate Chronic Renal Failure After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cohen, Eric P.; Irving, Amy A. B.A.; Drobyski, William R.; Klein, John P.; Passweg, Jakob; Talano, Julie-An M.; Juckett, Mark B.; Moulder, John E.

    2008-01-01

    Purpose: To test whether the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril was effective in mitigating chronic renal failure after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods and Materials: A total of 55 subjects undergoing total body irradiation (TBI)-HSCT were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. Captopril or identical placebo was started at engraftment and continued as tolerated until 1 year after HSCT. Results: The baseline serum creatinine and calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) did not differ between groups. The 1-year serum creatinine level was lower and the GFR higher in the captopril compared with the placebo group (p = 0.07 for GFR). Patient survival was higher in the captopril compared with the placebo group, but this was also not statistically significant (p = 0.09). In study subjects who received the study drug for more than 2 months, the 1-year calculated GFRs were 92 mL/min and 80 mL/min, for the captopril and placebo groups, respectively (p = 0.1). There was no adverse effect on hematologic outcome. Conclusions: There is a trend in favor of captopril in mitigation of chronic renal failure after radiation-based HSCT

  7. Captopril 99mTc-DTPA Renal Scintigraphy in Diagnosis of Renovascular Hypertension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yang, In Hyung; Lee, Dong Soo; Kim, Sung Chul

    1992-01-01

    To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of captopril renal scan for renovascular hypertension, we employed the captopril renal scan in conjunction with renal angiography in 81 patients, 159 kidneys, who were referred to evaluate the cause of hypertension. We defined the renovascular hypertension by the criteria of demonstration of renal artery stenosis by angiography, and improvement or cure of hypertension by revascularization. Visual and quantitative evaluation of 99m Tc-DTPA renal scan was performed pre and post captopril administration. The prevalence rate of renovascular hypertension was 40% in comparing with renal angiography, and 70% in confirmed cases. The causes of renovascular hypertension in 81 patients were Takayasu's arteritis, fibromuscular dysplasia, atherosclerosis, essential hypertension, chronic pyelonephritis etc. The sensitivity and specificity of captopril renal scan in comparing with renal angiography were 80%, 86.5%, respectively and also 84.2%, 72.6% in confirmed cases of renovascular hypertension, respectively. The causes of false negative cases were nonfunctioning kidney due to complete obstruction or long duration of disease in basal scan, segmental branch artery stenosis, unknown causes, and suspicious true negative cases without confirmation. The false positive cases were abdominal aortic stenosis or aneurysm, dehydration, unknown causes, and suspicious true positive cases. We conclude that captopril renal scintigraphy is highly sensitive, reasonably specific diagnostic method and comparable to other techniques very favorably.

  8. Exercise performance during captopril and atenolol treatment in hypertensive patients.

    OpenAIRE

    Van Baak, M A; Koene, F M; Verstappen, F T; Tan, E S

    1991-01-01

    1. Maximal aerobic exercise capacity, submaximal endurance exercise performance, and exercise haemodynamics have been studied in sixteen patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension during treatment with captopril and atenolol. 2. Administration of atenolol (1 x 100 mg day-1) or captopril (1 x 100 mg day-1) for 6 weeks resulted in similar supine and erect systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Heart rate was significantly lower during atenolol treatment. 3. Exercise heart rate and s...

  9. Parafac and PLS Applied to Determination of Captopril in Pharmaceutical Preparation and Biological Fluids by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Niazi, A.; Ghasemi, N.

    2007-01-01

    A new ultraviolet spectrophotometric method has been developed for the direct qualitative determination of captopril in pharmaceutical preparation and biological fluids such as human plasma and urine samples. The method was accomplished based on parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and partial least squares (PLS). The study was carried out in the pH range from 2.0 to 12.8 and with a concentration from 0.70 to 61.50 μg ml -1 of captopril. Multivariate calibration models PLS at various pH and PARAFAC were elaborated from ultraviolet spectra deconvolution and captopril determination. The best models for this system were obtained with PARAFAC and PLS at pH = 2.04 (PLS-PH2). The applications of the method for the determination of real samples were evaluated by analysis of captopril in pharmaceutical preparations and biological (human plasma and urine) fluids with satisfactory results. The accuracy of the method, evaluated through the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), was 0.58 for captopril with PARAFAC and 0.67 for captopril with PLS-PH2 model. Acidity constant of captopril at 25 0 C and ionic strength of 0.1 M have also been determined spectrophotometrically. The obtained pK a values of captopril are 3.90 ± 0.05 and 10.03 ± 0.08 for pK a1 and pK a2 , respectively

  10. Renal scintigraphy with captopril for the investigation of arterial hypertension. Captopril-Nierenfunktionsszintigraphie (C-NFSZ) bei der Abklaerung der arteriellen Hypertonie

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Nitzsche, E; Strauss, E; Moser, E [Freiburg Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Abt. Klinische Nuklearmedizin; Grosser, G [Freiburg Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Abt. Roentgendiagnostik Sankt Marienkrankenhaus, Frankfurt am Main (Germany, F.R.). Radiologische Abt.; Rump, C; Keller, E [Freiburg Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Abt. Nephrologie; Meyer, E [Freiburg Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Abt. Roentgendiagnostik

    1991-03-01

    Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a rare cause of hypertension. Radiological tests can disclose the morphological changes, but not their functional effect on renal function and perfusion. Normalization of the blood pressure can be achieved by intervention (operation, percutaneous transluminal renal angiography; PTRA), in cases of prolonged RAS-induced hypertension long-term preservation of the organ function is most important. The purpose of this study was the validation of captopril renography as a screening test for hypertension secondary to RAS prior to PTRA. Captopril renography with {sup 99m}Tc-MAG 3 has a high sensitivity (94%) and acceptable specificity (88%) for the screening of hypertensive patients. The positive predictive value is 74% and the negative predictive value 98%, compared with the 'gold standard' of angiography. (orig.).

  11. Determination of captopril in biological samples by high-performance liquid chromatography with ThioGlo 3 derivatization.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aykin, N; Neal, R; Yusof, M; Ercal, N

    2001-11-01

    Captopril, a well-known angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, is widely used for treatment of arterial hypertension. Recent studies suggest that it may also act as a scavenger of free radicals because of its thiol group. Therefore, the present study describes a rapid, sensitive and relatively simple method for the detection of captopril in biological tissues with reverse-phase HPLC. Captopril was first derivatized with ThioGlo 3 [3H-Naphto[2,1-b]pyran,9-acetoxy-2-(4-(2,5-dihydro-2,5-dioxo-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl-3-oxo-)]. It was then detected by fluorescence-HPLC using an Astec C(18) column as the stationary phase and a water:acetonitrile:acetic acid:phosphoric acid mixture (50:50; 1 mL/L acids) as the mobile phase (excitation wavelength, 365 nm; emission wavelength, 445 nm). The calibration curve for captopril was linear over a range of 10-2500 nM and the coefficient of variation acquired for the within- and between-run precision for captopril was 0.5 and 3.8%, respectively. The detection limit of captopril with this method was found to be 200 fmol/20 microL injection volume. Its relative recovery from biological samples was determined to the range from 93.3 to 105.3%. Based on these results, we believe that our method is advantageous for captopril determination. Copyright 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  12. Captopril improves tumor nanomedicine delivery by increasing tumor blood perfusion and enlarging endothelial gaps in tumor blood vessels.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Bo; Jiang, Ting; Tuo, Yanyan; Jin, Kai; Luo, Zimiao; Shi, Wei; Mei, Heng; Hu, Yu; Pang, Zhiqing; Jiang, Xinguo

    2017-12-01

    Poor tumor perfusion and unfavorable vessel permeability compromise nanomedicine drug delivery to tumors. Captopril dilates blood vessels, reducing blood pressure clinically and bradykinin, as the downstream signaling moiety of captopril, is capable of dilating blood vessels and effectively increasing vessel permeability. The hypothesis behind this study was that captopril can dilate tumor blood vessels, improving tumor perfusion and simultaneously enlarge the endothelial gaps of tumor vessels, therefore enhancing nanomedicine drug delivery for tumor therapy. Using the U87 tumor xenograft with abundant blood vessels as the tumor model, tumor perfusion experiments were carried out using laser Doppler imaging and lectin-labeling experiments. A single treatment of captopril at a dose of 100 mg/kg significantly increased the percentage of functional vessels in tumor tissues and improved tumor blood perfusion. Scanning electron microscopy of tumor vessels also indicated that the endothelial gaps of tumor vessels were enlarged after captopril treatment. Immunofluorescence-staining of tumor slices demonstrated that captopril significantly increased bradykinin expression, possibly explaining tumor perfusion improvements and endothelial gap enlargement. Additionally, imaging in vivo, imaging ex vivo and nanoparticle distribution in tumor slices indicated that after a single treatment with captopril, the accumulation of 115-nm nanoparticles in tumors had increased 2.81-fold with a more homogeneous distribution pattern in comparison to non-captopril treated controls. Finally, pharmacodynamics experiments demonstrated that captopril combined with paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles resulted in the greatest tumor shrinkage and the most extensive necrosis in tumor tissues among all treatment groups. Taken together, the data from the present study suggest a novel strategy for improving tumor perfusion and enlarging blood vessel permeability simultaneously in order to improve

  13. Effects of captopril on cerebral blood flow in normotensive and hypertensive rats

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Barry, D.I.; Paulson, O.B.; Jarden, J.O.; Juhler, M.; Graham, D.I.; Strandgaard, S.

    1984-01-01

    Cerebrovascular effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril were examined in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Cerebral blood flow was measured with the intracarotid 133 xenon injection method in halothane-anesthetized animals. The blood-brain barrier permeability of captopril (determined with an integral-uptake method) was negligible, the permeability-surface area product in most brain regions being 1 X 10(-5) cm3/g per second, that is, three to four times lower than that of sodium ion. When administered into the cerebral ventricles to bypass the blood-brain barrier, captopril had no effect on cerebral blood flow: furthermore, cerebral blood flow autoregulation (studied by raising and lowering blood pressure) was identical to that in controls. In contrast, when given intravenously, captopril had a marked effect on cerebral blood flow autoregulation--both the lower and upper limits of autoregulation being shifted to a lower pressure (by about 20 to 30 and 50 to 60 mm Hg, respectively), and the autoregulatory range was shortened by about 40 mm Hg. This effect may be ascribed to inhibition of converting enzyme in the cerebral blood vessels rather than within the brain

  14. APPLICATION OF UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRY FOR THE QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF CAPTOPRIL IN DRUG

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yu. V. Monaykina

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Introduction. In this paper the simple, rapid and sensitive assay method for the quantitative determination of captopril in two new pharmaceutical formulations (suppositories and nasal gel is proposed. Analysis was performed directly by using zero-order UV spectrophotometry. It is known from the special literature that the chromatographic techniques used for captopril assay require the expensive equipment and are rather time consuming. Therefore UV spectrophotometry is preferable due to its accuracy, sensitivity and simplicity. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a new, simple, rapid, precise and accurate UV spectrophotometric method for the quantitative determination of captopril in suppositories and nasal gel. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were the new drug formulations of captopril, namely 0,05 suppositories and 2,5% nasal gel developed by the scientists of The Chair of Technology of Drugs ofZaporozhye State Medical University. Distilled water was used as the solvent, working standard sample of captopril was used as a reference standard. Analytical equipment: spectrophotometer Specord 200, electronic balance ABT-120-5DM, measuring glassware of class A. Assay procedure: An accurately weighed sample of gel (0,4000 –0,8000 g or one suppository was dissolved in distilled water and filtered into a volumetric flask (50,00 ml for gel and 250,0 ml for suppository . Then the solution was brought to the mark with the same solvent and stirred. 1,00 ml of the resulting solution was transferred into a 25,00 ml volumetric flask and brought to the mark with distilled water. Absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 203 nm on the blank of a solvent. The parallel measurement with 1,00 ml of 0,03% captopril standard solution was carried out. The content of active substance was calculated according to standard formulas. Results. The suggested procedure was successfully applied for the analysis of two new pharmaceutical

  15. Comparison of aspirin renogram and captopril renogram in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dabiri Oskoie, S.; Argani, H.

    2002-01-01

    Renal artery stenosis is the most common cause of secondary hypertension. Preliminary data indicate that aspirin renography with hippurate may be more sensitive for detection renal artery stenosis. In this study 20 patients with known or suspected renal artery stenosis underwent aspirin renography (20 mg/kg orally 1 hour before injection of radiotracer) and captopril renography (50 mg orally) with 99 Tc-DTPA. Renal angiography was performed in all patients. Of the 20 patients enrolled, 11 had unilateral renal artery stenosis on angiography. Captopril renography was positive in 10 patients (915 sensitivity and 90% specificity). Aspirin renogram showed 9 patients with renal artery stenosis correctly (81.85 sensitivity and 100% specificity). Our data suggest that aspirin renography with 99 Tc-DTPA has comparable sensitivity with captopril in detection of unilateral renal artery stenosis

  16. Comparative assessment of captopril and aspirin administration during dynamic renal scintigraphy in diagnosing renovascular hypertension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kostadinova, I.; Simeonova, A.

    1997-01-01

    The shortcoming of the captopril test used as a noninvasing screening method in diagnosing renovascular hypertension (RVH) is that in the course of study, ACE-inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzymes) and diuretics should be discontinued from the therapeutic scheme of patients. The authors compare it to the alternative one with aspirin. The study covers eight patients with angiographic evidence of RVH with significant unilateral stenosis of the renal artery. The obtained results are evaluated on the ground of quantitative (T max , T 1/2 , divided renal function and retention index), as well as qualitative criteria (visual assay). As shown by the results the functional effect of captopril is rather markedly expressed in 6 patients, and the effect of aspirin - in 2. It is concluded that captopril test is more accurate in demonstrating RVH, but in patients with firm clinical evidence of a significant angiotensin II-dependent RVH and negative captopril test, it is advisable to apply aspirin test with a view to differentiate renovascular from essential hypertension

  17. [Dependence of the pharmacokinetics of captopril on the type of adaptation reactions in the organism].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Udut, V V; Khazanov, V A; Gurto, R V; Borodulina, E V; Postnikova, Iu E

    2007-01-01

    The dependence of the pharmacokinetic profiles (PhP) of captopril in the phase of adaptation reactions in the organism has been studied within the framework of randomized, comparative, double cross research of bioeqivalency of captopril (Aspharma Co, Anzhero-Sudzhensk) and capoten (Bristol Myers Squibb Co.; official Russian producer, Akrikhin KhimFarmKombinat). It is established that the maximum bioaccessibility and high concentration of captopril in the blood plasma is determined on the background of physiologically optimum reactions of training and in the zone of quiet activation. These characteristics decrease during the reactions of general adaptation syndrome according to the type of increased activation and reactivation.

  18. Kinetics of cardiac and vascular remodeling by spontaneously hypertensive rats after discontinuation of long-term captopril treatment

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    W.A. Rocha

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors reduce blood pressure and attenuate cardiac and vascular remodeling in hypertension. However, the kinetics of remodeling after discontinuation of the long-term use of these drugs are unknown. Our objective was to investigate the temporal changes occurring in blood pressure and vascular structure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR. Captopril treatment was started in the pre-hypertensive state. Rats (4 weeks were assigned to three groups: SHR-Cap (N = 51 treated with captopril (1 g/L in drinking water from the 4th to the 14th week; SHR-C (N = 48 untreated SHR; Wistar (N = 47 control rats. Subgroups of animals were studied at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after discontinuation of captopril. Direct blood pressure was recorded in freely moving animals after femoral artery catheterism. The animals were then killed to determine left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH and the aorta fixed at the same pressure measured in vivo. Captopril prevented hypertension (105 ± 3 vs 136 ± 5 mmHg, LVH (2.17 ± 0.05 vs 2.97 ± 0.14 mg/g body weight and the increase in cross-sectional area to luminal area ratio of the aorta (0.21 ± 0.01 vs 0.26 ± 0.02 μm² (SHR-Cap vs SHR-C. However, these parameters increased progressively after discontinuation of captopril (22nd week: 141 ± 2 mmHg, 2.50 ± 0.06 mg/g, 0.27 ± 0.02 μm². Prevention of the development of hypertension in SHR by using captopril during the prehypertensive period prevents the development of cardiac and vascular remodeling. Recovery of these processes follows the kinetic of hypertension development after discontinuation of captopril.

  19. Negative captopril renography on patients with renin mediated hypertension due to page kidney and reninoma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yung, B.C.K.; Wong, K.W.; Fan, W.C.; Chan, J.C.S.; Lo, S.S.S.

    1999-01-01

    Through a mechanism similar to renal artery stenosis, patients with reninoma and page kidney also suffered from renin mediated hypertension. Captopril renograms performed on our patients with the latter two conditions, however, did not yield diagnostic findings. Therefore, equivocal or negative captopril renography cannot serve to rule out conditions with elevated renin other than renal artery stenosis

  20. Validation of a liquid chromatographic method for determination of related substances in a candidate certified reference material of captopril

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raquel Nogueira

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available This paper describes the validation of a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography method (RP-HPLC with diode array detection (DAD for determination of related substances (impurities from organic synthesis and degradation products of captopril according to the Brazilian Pharmacopeia IV. The aim of this study was to guarantee the method accuracy for quantification of related substances, an essential requisite to determine, using the mass balance approach, the captopril content in the first Brazilian certified reference material (CRM of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API, developed by Inmetro. The captopril instability in solution is discussed and the captopril content determined by mass balance is compared to the results from titration and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC.Este artigo descreve a validação de método de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência em fase reversa (CLAE-RP com detector de fotodiodos (DAD para determinação de substâncias relacionadas (impurezas orgânicas de síntese e produtos de degradação de captopril segundo Farmacopéia Brasileira IV ed. Este estudo teve como objetivo garantir que o método é capaz de quantificar com exatidão o teor de substâncias relacionadas, um requisito essencial para que o teor de captopril seja determinado por balanço de massa no primeiro material de referência certificado (MRC de fármacos brasileiro, o qual foi desenvolvido pelo Inmetro. A instabilidade do captopril em solução é discutida em detalhes e o teor de captopril determinado por balanço de massa é comparado com aqueles obtidos por titulação e por calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC.

  1. Renal scintigraphy with captopril for the investigation of arterial hypertension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nitzsche, E.; Strauss, E.; Moser, E.; Grosser, G.; Sankt Marienkrankenhaus, Frankfurt am Main; Rump, C.; Keller, E.; Meyer, E.

    1991-01-01

    Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a rare cause of hypertension. Radiological tests can disclose the morphological changes, but not their functional effect on renal function and perfusion. Normalization of the blood pressure can be achieved by intervention (operation, percutaneous transluminal renal angiography; PTRA), in cases of prolonged RAS-induced hypertension long-term preservation of the organ function is most important. The purpose of this study was the validation of captopril renography as a screening test for hypertension secondary to RAS prior to PTRA. Captopril renography with 99m Tc-MAG 3 has a high sensitivity (94%) and acceptable specificity (88%) for the screening of hypertensive patients. The positive predictive value is 74% and the negative predictive value 98%, compared with the 'gold standard' of angiography. (orig.) [de

  2. A chemiluminescence reagent free method for the determination of captopril in medicine and urine samples by using trivalent silver

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zhaofu Fu

    2017-08-01

    Full Text Available A novel flow-injection chemiluminescence (FI-CL method free of CL reagent was developed for the determination of captopril based on its enhancing effect on the CL derived from diperiodatoargentate(III-sulfuric acid system. Compared with the conventional CL system, the CL system based on trivalent silver was characterized of good selectivity for the absence of CL reagent. The CL mechanism was discussed through CL spectra and UV–vis absorption spectra. The conditions of the FI-CL system were investigated and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the relative CL intensity was linear with the captopril concentration in the range of 0.3–15.0 μg/mL. The detection limit for captopril was 0.05 μg/mL, and the relative standard deviation (n=11 was 2.0% for 5.0 μg/mL captopril. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of captopril in tablet and human urine with the recoveries of 83.1%–112.5%, and the relative standard deviations of 0.5%–4.4%. The results obtained by the proposed method agreed well with those obtained from HPLC method. The proposed method is fast, convenient, and cost-effective for the determination of captopril in medicine and biological samples.

  3. Reusable fluorescent sensor for captopril based on energy transfer from photoluminescent graphene oxide self-assembly multilayers to silver nanoparticles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sun, Xiangying; Liu, Bin; Li, Shuchun; Li, Fang

    2016-05-15

    In this work we designed a self-assembly multilayers, in which photoluminescent graphene oxide was employed as a fluorescence probe. This multilayers film can effectively recognize captopril by resonance energy transfer from graphite oxide to silver nanoparticles. A new interfacial sensing method for captopril with high signal to noise ratio was established, by means of that multilayers was quenched by silver nanoparticles and subsequently recovered by adding captopril. The linear relation between intensity and captopril concentration was good, and the detection limit was found to be 0.1578 μM. Also, this novel detection platform demonstrated intriguing reusable properties, and the sensor could be repeated more than ten times without obviously losing its sensing performance. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  4. Effect of captopril on renal blood flow in renal artery stenosis assessed by positron tomography with rubidium-82

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tamaki, N.; Alpert, N.M.; Rabito, C.A.; Barlai-Kovach, M.; Correia, J.A.; Strauss, H.W.

    1988-01-01

    The sequence and magnitude of acute changes in renal blood flow following administration of captopril were determined in a canine model of acute unilateral renal artery stenosis using rubidium-82 and positron emission tomography. Data were recorded in each of nine dogs under three conditions: 1) during a baseline control interval, 2) during renal artery stenosis, and 3) during stenosis with intravenous injection of captopril (1.2 mg/kg). Mean arterial blood pressure was 108 +/- 12 mm Hg at control, increased significantly to 125 +/- 13 mm Hg (p less than 0.01) during stenosis, and decreased to 98 +/- 13 mm/Hg (p less than 0.01) after captopril infusion. Mean renal blood flow was calculated using a steady state single compartment model from the images produced by positron emission tomography. The estimated flow to the affected kidney was 3.37 +/- 1.48 ml/min/g at control, 0.86 +/- 0.62 ml/min/g during stenosis (p less than 0.01), and 0.64 +/- 0.57 ml/min/g after captopril administration (p = NS compared with precaptopril value). The estimated flow to the contralateral kidney was minimally reduced from a baseline of 3.84 +/- 0.95 to 3.24 +/- 1.13 ml/min/g (p = NS) during stenosis and increased after captopril infusion (4.08 +/- 0.94 ml/min/g; p = 0.01). These data suggest that repetitive imaging with positron emission tomography can be used to delineate acute changes in renal perfusion following captopril administration

  5. Prediction of response to revascularization in patients with renal artery stenosis by Tc-99m-ethylene dicysteine captopril scintigraphy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ugur, O.; Ergun, E.L.; Peksoy, I.; Cekirge, S. [Hacettepe Univ., Ankara (Turkey). Medical School; Serdengecti, M.; Karacalioglu, O.

    1999-04-01

    The aim of the present study was to assess the predictive value of captopril scintigraphy with the new renal agent {sup 99m}Tc-ethylene dicysteine ({sup 99m}Tc-EC) for post-interventional improvement in blood pressure. Twelve patients who had persistently high blood pressure with previous demonstration of various degrees of renal artery lesion on angiography were included into the study. Baseline and captopril scintigraphies were performed on the same day at 4 hour intervals after the injection of 74 and 296 MBq of {sup 99m}Tc-EC, respectively. All patients had percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), and improvement in blood pressure was evaluated 3-6 months after the intervention. {sup 99m}Tc-EC captopril scintigraphy successfully predicted a positive or negative outcome in 11 of 12 patients. In one patient with captopril induced renal function deterioration, scintigraphy failed to predict post-interventional response. Our preliminary findings showed that {sup 99m}Tc-EC captopril scintigraphy can be used to determine patients who will benefit from revascularization. (author)

  6. Captopril 25 mg tablets stability assessment in different primary packing materials

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Flávia Costa Mendes Paiva

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Introduction: Packaging is used to provide protection and information, from the production to the administration of a formulation. It is essential to define the primary packaging, for keeping the therapeutic efficacy of drugs, safety of users and for protecting drugs from instability. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to assess the stability of captopril 25 mg tablets in different primary packaging materials. Method: The characterization (IR, DSC and physical tests of the packaging materials used for captopril was carried out prior to the manufacture of tablets. Tablets were also characterized by physical-chemical analysis, comparative dissolution profile and stability studies. Results: The characterization of packaging materials was crucial for understanding the behavior of captopril when packed in each material. Materials with significant barrier, as blisters PVC/PVdC 90 g.m-² and hard aluminum and PVC/PE/PVdC and hard aluminum showed satisfactory results in a second stage, S2. On the contrary, lower barrier materials as blisters PVC/PVdC 40 g.m-² and hard aluminum did not present dissolution analysis S2. Conclusions: The aluminum strip presented the best results. And the batch in glass bottle, although packaged in excellent material, was disapproved in accelerated stability.

  7. Effect of antihypertensive agents - captopril and nifedipine - on the functional properties of rat heart mitochondria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ivana Kancirová

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Objective(s: Investigation of acute effect on cellular bioenergetics provides the opportunity to characterize the possible adverse effects of drugs more comprehensively. This study aimed to investigate the changes in biochemical and biophysical properties of heart mitochondria induced by captopril and nifedipine antihypertensive treatment. Materials and Methods: Male, 12-week-old Wistar rats in two experimental models (in vivo and in vitro were used. In four groups, the effects of escalating doses of captopril, nifedipine and combination of captopril + nifedipine added to the incubation medium (in vitro or administered per os to rat (in vivo on mitochondrial ATP synthase activity and membrane fluidity were monitored. Results: In the in vitro model we observed a significant inhibitory effect of treatment on the ATP synthase activity (P

  8. A STUDY OF THE ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF IRANIAN CAPTOPRIL ON PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION AND HEART FAILURE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sedighe Asgari

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract INTRODUCTION: Myocardial ischemia, cerebral ischemia and myocardial infarction are the most important complications of hypertension and atherosclerotic disease in developing countries. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE inhibitors are among the drugs used to treat hypertension and heart failure. Captopril is an ACE-inhibitor which also has antioxidant properties. This study was conducted to assess the antioxidant effects of Iranian Captopril on malondialdehyde (MDA, conjugated dienes (CD and serum antioxidant capacity before and after treatment. methods: This interventional prospective single-blind study was conducted on 34 mildly hypertensive individuals and 34 patients with stage I and II heart failure. MDA, CD and serum antioxidant capacity were measured in all samples. The patients were then given 50 mg Captopril tablets 2-3 times daily. The measurements were repeated 1.5 months later. results: Comparison of mean MDA, CD and serum antioxidant capacity in hypertensive patients and patients with heart failure before and after drug administration revealed no significant difference in any of the parameters studied. Discussion: Existing evidence is suggestive of the strong antioxidative properties of Captopril in vitro, although these effects have not been borne out by some studies. In the present study, comparison of MDA, CD and serum antioxidants before and after the period of treatment with Iranian Captopril did not reveal any statistically significant difference.Keywords • Antioxidant • ACE inhibitor • High blood pressure • Heart failure • Clinical trial

  9. Weak interactions in clobazam-lactose mixtures examined by differential scanning calorimetry: Comparison with the captopril-lactose system

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Toscani, S. [Departement de Chimie - UMR 6226, Faculte des Sciences, Universite de Rennes 1, Batiment 10B, 263 avenue du General Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes Cedex (France); Cornevin, L. [Universite de Rennes 1, Faculte de Pharmacie, 2 Avenue Leon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes Cedex (France); Burgot, G., E-mail: Gwenola.burgot@univ-rennes1.fr [Universite de Rennes 1, Faculte de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, EA 1274 ' Mouvement, sports, sante' , 2 Avenue Leon Bernard, F-35043 Rennes Cedex (France); CHGR Rennes, Pole Medico-Technique Pharmacie, F-35703 Rennes Cedex (France)

    2012-09-10

    Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of weak interactions in binary systems by DSC. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Energy-barrier decrease for lactose dehydration induced by clobazam. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Recrystallisation of metastable liquid clobazam induced by anhydrous alpha lactose. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Decrease of lactose dehydration temperature in binary mixtures with captopril. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Increase of lactose dehydration enthalpy in binary mixtures with captopril. - Abstract: The thermal behaviour of binary mixtures of two drugs (clobazam and captopril, respectively) and a pharmaceutical excipient (lactose monohydrate) was measured with differential scanning calorimetry to determine thermodynamic and kinetic parameters (dehydration and melting enthalpies and dehydration and glass-transition activation energies) which might be affected by intermolecular interactions. A kinetic study showed that lactose dehydration is not a single-step conversion and that clobazam contributed to reduce the energy barrier for the bulk dehydration of the excipient. On the other hand, the physical interactions between metastable liquid clobazam and crystalline anhydrous {alpha}-lactose obtained from monohydrate dehydration gave rise to the recrystallisation of clobazam. In the captopril-lactose system, the liquid captopril influenced the lactose dehydration: a sharp increase of the dehydration enthalpy and a concurrent reduction of the dehydration temperature were observed. Finally, it turned out that solid-phase transitions were enhanced by the contact with a liquid phase.

  10. Antioxidant effects of captopril against lead acetate-induced hepatic and splenic tissue toxicity in Swiss albino mice

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Badr A. Aldahmash

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Considering that lead caused a lot of health problems in the world, the present study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of captopril as antioxidants to reduce liver and spleen toxicity induced by lead. Animals were divided into 3 groups, the 1st group served as control group, the 2nd group received 20 mg/kg of lead acetate and the 3rd group received 50 mg/kg of captopril one hour prior to lead administration for 5 days. Results showed that lead intake caused severe alterations in the liver and spleen manifested by hepatocytes degeneration, leukocytic infiltration, fibrosis in liver and moderate to severe liver pathological score. Spleen showed ill-defined architecture, presence of large macrophages and lymphoid necrosis. Administration of captopril reduced hepatotoxicity, liver fibrosis and decrease in pathological scoring system. Moreover, reduced toxicity in spleen is represented by reduction in necrotic areas, more or less healthy lymphoid follicles and decreasing in pathological scoring system. Keywords: Captopril, Mice, Liver, Spleen

  11. Inhibition of the dapE-Encoded N-Succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic Acid Desuccinylase from Neisseria meningitidis by L-Captopril.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Starus, Anna; Nocek, Boguslaw; Bennett, Brian; Larrabee, James A; Shaw, Daniel L; Sae-Lee, Wisath; Russo, Marie T; Gillner, Danuta M; Makowska-Grzyska, Magdalena; Joachimiak, Andrzej; Holz, Richard C

    2015-08-11

    Binding of the competitive inhibitor L-captopril to the dapE-encoded N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase from Neisseria meningitidis (NmDapE) was examined by kinetic, spectroscopic, and crystallographic methods. L-Captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, was previously shown to be a potent inhibitor of the DapE from Haemophilus influenzae (HiDapE) with an IC50 of 3.3 μM and a measured Ki of 1.8 μM and displayed a dose-responsive antibiotic activity toward Escherichia coli. L-Captopril is also a competitive inhibitor of NmDapE with a Ki of 2.8 μM. To examine the nature of the interaction of L-captopril with the dinuclear active site of DapE, we have obtained electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) data for the enzymatically hyperactive Co(II)-substituted forms of both HiDapE and NmDapE. EPR and MCD data indicate that the two Co(II) ions in DapE are antiferromagnetically coupled, yielding an S = 0 ground state, and suggest a thiolate bridge between the two metal ions. Verification of a thiolate-bridged dinuclear complex was obtained by determining the three-dimensional X-ray crystal structure of NmDapE in complex with L-captopril at 1.8 Å resolution. Combination of these data provides new insights into binding of L-captopril to the active site of DapE enzymes as well as important inhibitor-active site residue interaction's. Such information is critical for the design of new, potent inhibitors of DapE enzymes.

  12. Captopril increases the intensity of monocyte infection by Trypanosoma cruzi and induces human T helper type 17 cells.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Coelho dos Santos, J S; Menezes, C A S; Villani, F N A; Magalhães, L M D; Scharfstein, J; Gollob, K J; Dutra, W O

    2010-12-01

    The anti-hypertensive drug captopril is used commonly to reduce blood pressure of patients with severe forms of Chagas disease, a cardiomyopathy caused by chronic infection with the intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. Captopril acts by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), the vasopressor metallopeptidase that generates angiotensin II and promotes the degradation of bradykinin (BK). Recent studies in mice models of Chagas disease indicated that captopril can potentiate the T helper type 1 (Th1)-directing natural adjuvant property of BK. Equipped with kinin-releasing cysteine proteases, T. cruzi trypomastigotes were shown previously to invade non-professional phagocytic cells, such as human endothelial cells and murine cardiomyocytes, through the signalling of G protein-coupled bradykinin receptors (B(2) KR). Monocytes are also parasitized by T. cruzi and these cells are known to be important for the host immune response during infection. Here we showed that captopril increases the intensity of T. cruzi infection of human monocytes in vitro. The increased parasitism was accompanied by up-regulated expression of ACE in human monocytes. While T. cruzi infection increased the expression of interleukin (IL)-10 by monocytes significantly, compared to uninfected cells, T. cruzi infection in association with captopril down-modulated IL-10 expression by the monocytes. Surprisingly, studies with peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed that addition of the ACE inhibitor in association with T. cruzi increased expression of IL-17 by CD4(+) T cells in a B(2) KR-dependent manner. Collectively, our results suggest that captopril might interfere with host-parasite equilibrium by enhancing infection of monocytes, decreasing the expression of the modulatory cytokine IL-10, while guiding development of the proinflammatory Th17 subset. © 2010 The Authors. Clinical and Experimental Immunology © 2010 British Society for Immunology.

  13. Permanganate-bromide-silver nanoparticles as a new chemiluminescence system and its application to captopril determination.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Amjadi, Mohammad; Manzoori, Jamshid L; Hassanzadeh, Javad; Sorouraddin, Mohammad H

    2013-10-15

    A novel chemiluminescence (CL) system based on the oxidation of bromide by permanganate in sulfuric acid medium is introduced. The enhancing effect of silver nanoparticles (NPs), synthesized by chemical reduction method, on this reaction was studied. It was demonstrated that spherical silver nanoparticles with average size of 18 nm had a most remarkable catalytic effect on this reaction. CL emission wavelengths and UV-vis spectra were used to characterize the system and propose a possible mechanism. Furthermore, it was found that captopril inhibits the action of NPs and decreases the intensity of CL. Based on this phenomenon, a new CL method was developed for the determination of captopril in the 3.0 × 10(-10) to 1.0 × 10(-7) mol L(-1) concentration range with a detection limit (3s) of 0.12 nmol L(-1). The method was successfully applied to the determination of captopril in pharmaceutical formulations, human urine and serum samples. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  14. Determination of effect of aspirin and captopril on cat glomerular ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Four days later, renovascular hypertension was induced through renal-artery stenosis by clipping half of the left renalarteries. Renal scintigraphy was conducted after four days. After confirming the presence of hypertension, the cats were divided into two groups of 10 animals each (aspirin and captopril groups, respectively).

  15. Influência do uso de PTFE como aglomerante em eletrodos revestidos básicos sobre a formação de ferrita acicular no metal de solda

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cláudio Turani Vaz

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Metais de solda produzidos por eletrodos revestidos básicos aglomerados com politetrafluoretileno (PTFE têm apresentado baixíssimos teores de hidrogênio difusível e elevadas frações volumétricas de ferrita acicular. Esse estudo investigou o papel desempenhado pelo polímero na formação de tal constituinte. A microestrutura produzida por consumíveis contendo esse componente apresentou quantidades de ferrita acicular consideravelmente superiores à prevista na literatura para um metal de solda com os mesmos teores de carbono, silício e manganês. Tal diferença não pode ser atribuída a variações nos parâmetros de soldagem empregados. A análise dos elementos químicos residuais apontou o nitrogênio como sendo o principal responsável pelas discrepâncias observadas na microestrutura. O estudo das características operacionais de eletrodos classe E7018 tradicionais e aglomerados com polímero mostrou que a menor absorção de nitrogênio pelo metal de solda se deve a dois fatores principais. Medidas do teor de nitrogênio dissolvido das gotas coletadas durante a soldagem do eletrodo aglomerado com polímero demonstrou uma atmosfera protetora mais efetiva. O teor de carbono presente no metal de solda obtido pela soldagem do eletrodo com polímero apontou para uma atmosfera rica nesse elemento. Tal característica é coerente com a hipótese de uma melhor proteção gasosa. O tamanho médio das gotas coletadas, teor de nitrogênio dissolvido em função do tamanho e os oscilogramas de tensão indicaram alterações no modo de transferência metálica.

  16. The effect of valsartan, captopril, or both on atherosclerotic events after acute myocardial infarction: an analysis of the Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (VALIANT)

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    McMurray, John; Solomon, Scott; Pieper, Karen

    2006-01-01

    failure, most treated with an ACE inhibitor). One of the main active controlled trials was confounded by a blood pressure difference between treatments. METHODS: We compared the effects of captopril, valsartan, and their combination on atherosclerotic events in 14,703 patients randomized in the Valsartan...... in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (VALIANT). RESULTS: The number of individuals adjudicated as having a fatal or non-fatal MI in the captopril group was 559 (total investigator reported events 798), 587 (796) in the valsartan group, and 554 (756) in the combination group; valsartan versus captopril, p...... = 0.651 (0.965); combination versus captopril, p = 0.187 (0.350). Overall, all atherosclerotic events examined occurred at a similar frequency in the captopril and valsartan groups. CONCLUSIONS: Angiotensin receptor blockers appear to be as effective as ACE inhibitors in reducing atherosclerotic...

  17. Tomate revestido com filme de fécula de batata e óleos de sálvia e manjerona

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    Denise Milléo Almeida

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo desta pesquisa foi caracterizar tomates cv. Rasteiro revestidos com filmes a base de fécula de batata e óleos essenciais de sálvia e manjerona. Os filmes foram produzidos a base de fécula de batata e adicionados de óleos essenciais de sálvia e manjerona, segundo planejamento experimental fatorial 22. Os indicadores de qualidade avaliados foram massa fresca, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total titulável, pH, firmeza e analisados segundo análise de componentes principais (PCA. Ao final do período de armazenamento (288h os tomates revestidos com filmes de fécula de batata mostraram maior estabilidade nos parâmetros de pH e firmeza, quando combinado com o óleo de sálvia foram eficaz no equilíbrio dos sólidos solúveis, e ao apresentarem os dois óleos, sálvia e manjerona, proporcionaram maior eficiência na manutenção da acidez e massa fresca dos frutos. A análise multivariada auxiliou na discriminação do tomate de acordo com o tempo de armazenamento, ou seja, a acidez total titulável e a firmeza tiveram maior efeito significativo no início do período de armazenamento, os sólidos solúveis totais em 72h, o pH e a perda de massa nos tempos de 168h e 216 horas. 

  18. ACE-2/Ang1-7/Mas cascade mediates ACE inhibitor, captopril, protective effects in estrogen-deficient osteoporotic rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abuohashish, Hatem M; Ahmed, Mohammed M; Sabry, Dina; Khattab, Mahmoud M; Al-Rejaie, Salim S

    2017-08-01

    The local role of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) was documented recently beside its conventional systemic functions. Studies showed that the effector angiotensin II (AngII) alters bone health, while inhibition of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE-1) preserved these effects. The newly identified Ang1-7 exerts numerous beneficial effects opposing the AngII. Thus, the current study examines the role of Ang1-7 in mediating the osteo-preservative effects of ACEI (captopril) through the G-protein coupled Mas receptor using an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of osteoporosis. 8 weeks after the surgical procedures, captopril was administered orally (40mgkg -1 d -1 ), while the specific Mas receptor blocker (A-779) was delivered at infusion rate of 400ngkg -1 min -1 for 6 weeks. Bone metabolic markers were measured in serum and urine. Minerals concentrations were quantified in serum, urine and femoral bones by inductive coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Trabecular and cortical morphometry was analyzed in the right distal femurs using micro-CT. Finally, the expressions of RAS peptides, enzymes and receptors along with the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were determined femurs heads. OVX animals markedly showed altered bone metabolism and mineralization along with disturbed bone micro-structure. Captopril significantly restored the metabolic bone bio-markers and corrected Ca 2+ and P values in urine and bones of estrogen deficient rats. Moreover, the trabecular and cortical morphometric features were repaired by captopril in OVX groups. Captopril also improved the expressions of ACE-2, Ang1-7, Mas and OPG, while abolished OVX-induced up-regulation of ACE-1, AngII, Ang type 1 receptor (AT1R) and RANKL. Inhibition of Ang1-7 cascade by A-779 significantly eradicated captopril protective effects on bone metabolism, mineralization and micro-structure. A-779 also restored OVX effects on RANKL expression and ACE-1/AngII/AT1R

  19. Diagnostic criteria of 99mTc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid captopril renal scan for the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension by unilateral renal artery stenosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Choi, Seung Jin; Hong, Il Ki; Chang, Jae Won; Park, Su Kil; Moon, Dae Hyuk

    2004-01-01

    We compared captopril renal scintigraphic criteria for the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension by unilateral renal artery stenosis. The study group consisted of 24 patients (m/f = 16/8, age: 39±18 years) with unilateral renal artery stenosis who underwent renal artery revascularization and captopril renal scintigraphy with 99m Tc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid between May 1995 and April 2004. The blood pressure response was classified as cure/improvement or failure. We evaluated captopril-induced changes in relative function (BCfun) and renogram grade (0 to 5: 0 = normal, and 5 = renal failure pattern without measurable uptake) (CBren) and the difference of renograms between the normal and stenotic kidney on captopril scan (CNren). Eight of 24 patients were cured and 11 improved and 5 patients were classified as failed revascularization. Significant predictors of a cure or improvement of blood pressure were younger age, stenosis by fibromuscular dysplasia or arteritis, BCfun, CBren and CNren. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of age, BCfun, CBren and CNren were not significantly different. Positive and negative predictive values of predictors were 100% and 42% (age ≤ 38); 92% and 50% (BCfun≥ 1 %); 92% and 75% (CBren≥ 1), and 90% and 60% (CNren≥ 1), respectively. Captopril induced changes in renal function and renogram can reliably predict hypertension response to revascularization. Renogram pattern on captopril scan can diagnose renovascular hypertension without baseline data in patients with unilateral renal artery stenosis

  20. Renal scintigraphy by captopril in hypertension with hypokalemia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Grandet, P.J.

    1997-01-01

    A study on 30 files of hypertensive patients with an associated hypokalemia was achieved from January 1996 to May 1997. The technique was that of a basic examination effected by MAG 3 (80 MBq), followed by oral intake of 25 to 50 mg of Captopril; one hour after, a new examination was done by MAG 3, with 130 MBq. The classical aspect of isotopic nephro-gram (IN) was not constantly found in case of renal artery stenosis. The reduction of the peak of the level approached might be the only sign, even without any delay of this summit; the lowering of the peak after Captopril of at least 50% should be taken into account. Thus, on the basis of these arguments, we have found 5 stenoses of renal artery. Twenty patients considered as normal have had not arteriography and are relatively well-equilibrated by medical treatment. Among the false negatives, one is explained by a renal insufficiency given an IE of bad quality, while the other is a dysplasia of renal arteries. The 3 false positives presented a discrete difference between the two examinations by MAG 3. Consequently, we considered that the discrete signs should not be retained. The slowing down of transit time, the net lowering of the peak or its delay (classically, 11 min) are good arguments

  1. Preparation and Characterization of Cerium (III Doped Captopril Nanoparticles and Study of their Photoluminescence Properties

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ghamami Shahriar

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available In this research Ce3+ doped Captopril nanoparticles (Ce3+ doped CAP-NP were prepared by a cold welding process and have been studied. Captopril may be applied in the treatment of hypertension and some types of congestive heart failure and for preventing kidney failure due to high blood pressure and diabetes. CAP-NP was synthesized by a cold welding process. The cerium nitrate was added at a ratio of 10% and the optical properties have been studied by photoluminescence (PL. The synthesized compounds were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The size of CAP-NP was calculated by X-ray diffraction (XRD. The size of CAP-NP was in the range of 50 nm. Morphology of surface of synthesized nanoparticles was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM. Finally the luminescence properties of undoped and doped CAP-NP were compared. PL spectra from undoped CAP-NP show a strong pack in the range of 546 nm after doped cerium ion into the captopril appeared two bands at 680 and 357 nm, which is ascribed to the well-known 5d–4f emission band of the cerium.

  2. Captopril renal scan - a noninvasive screening test for renovascular hypertension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Akhter, M.S.

    2001-01-01

    Captopril renal scan is simple, noninvasive and cost-effective test for the initial diagnosis with the sensitivity of 98%. Renal scan with Tc-99m DTPA was performed on the suspected patient one hour after oral intake of 25 mg of captopril. Relative renal function, renogram curves and GFR for both the kidneys were calculated by computer software. Right kidney was small in size, showed relative renal function of 12% and the GFR was 9.64 ml/min. The left organ revealed relative function of 88% and the GFR was 72.12 ml/min. There was marked difference in renogram peaks. On baseline study, the right kidney showed marked improvement of renogram curve peak and the renal function improved to 23% while the GFR showed rise to 19 ml/min. In comparison with baseline findings, the right kidney, in response to ACE inhibitor showed deterioration of renogram peak, 47.8% deterioration of relative renal function and 49.2% fall in GFR. Major criteria for renovascular cause was fulfilled and the patient was labeled for having high probability for renal artery stenosis. Renal angiography, later on confirmed the diagnosis. (author)

  3. Effect of concentration and pH on the surface-enhanced Raman scattering of captopril on nano-colloidal silver surface

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gao, Junxiang; Gu, Huaimin; Liu, Fangfang; Dong, Xiao; Xie, Min; Hu, Yongjun

    2011-07-01

    In this report, Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of captopril are studied in detail. Herein, the Raman bands are assigned by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations and potential energy distributions (PED) based on internal coordinates of the molecule, which are found to be in good agree with the experimental values. Furthermore, the concentration and pH dependence of the SERS intensity of the molecule is discussed. By analyzing the intensities variation of SERS bands of the different concentrations of captopril solution, it can be concluded that the molecules orientation adsorbed on the silver nanoparticles surface change with the change of the concentrations. The variation of SERS spectra of captopril with the change of pH suggests that the interaction among the adsorbates with Ag cluster depend on the protonated state of the adsorbate and the aggregation of silver nanoparticles.

  4. Novel Neurovascular Protective Agents: Effects of INV-155, INV-157, INV-159, and INV-161 versus Lipoic Acid and Captopril in a Rat Stroke Model

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Barry J. Connell

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Background. Lipoic acid (LA, which has significant antioxidant properties, may also function as a potent neuroprotectant. The synthetic compounds INV-155, INV-157, INV-159, and INV-161 are physiochemical combinations of lipoic acid and captopril. We sought to determine if these compounds have neuroprotective potential following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO in rats. Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intravenously with captopril (1–50 mg/kg 30 minutes prior to MCAO. Blood pressure, heart rate, baroreceptor reflex sensitivity, and infarct size were measured. In addition, dose response effect on infarct size and cardiovascular parameters was determined using INV-155, INV-157, INV-159, and INV-161 and compared to captopril and LA. Results. Pretreatment with captopril and LA at all doses tested was neuroprotective. The compounds INV-159 (0.5–10 mg/kg and INV-161 (1–10 mg/kg produced a significant,dose-dependent decrease in infarct size. In contrast, INV-155 and INV-157 had no effect on infarct size. Conclusions. Combined pretreatment with captopril potentiated the neuroprotective benefit observed following LA alone. Both INV-159 and INV-161 were also neuroprotective. These results suggest that patients taking combinations of captopril and LA, either as combination therapy or in the form of INV-159 or INV-161, may also benefit from significant protection against cerebral infarction.

  5. Contribution of captopril thiol group to the prevention of spontaneous hypertension

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Pecháňová, Olga

    2007-01-01

    Roč. 56, Suppl.2 (2007), S41-S48 ISSN 0862-8408 Grant - others:VEGA(SK) 2/6148/26; VEGA(SK) 1/3429/06; APPV(SK) 0586-06 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50110509 Keywords : captopril and enalapril * thiols * spontaneous hypertension Subject RIV: FA - Cardiovascular Diseases incl. Cardiotharic Surgery Impact factor: 1.505, year: 2007

  6. DESGASTE POR ABRASIÓN DEL ACERO API 5L X65 REVESTIDO CON NIOBIO POR ASPERSIÓN TÉRMICA A PLASMA Y CON INCONEL 625 POR SOLDADURA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    JOSE MATOS

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar y caracterizar el comportamiento mecánico en desgaste del acero API 5L X65, revestido con niobio en comparación al desempeño del revestimiento de la aleación de inconel 625 empleados en la industria de petróleo y gas. El revestimiento de niobio fue obtenido por el proceso de aspersión térmica a plasma de arco no transferido y el revestimiento inconel 625 por soldadura con electrodo revestido. La resistencia al desgaste por abrasión fue evaluada según la norma Petrobras N-2568, en un tribómetro CTER, la rugosidad y el volumen de material desgastado se determinó a través de perfilometría y la dureza de los revestimientos por microscopia Vickers. Los revestimientos obtenidos fueron caracterizados respecto a su morfología por microscopia electrónica de barrido (MEB y microscopía óptica (MO. La mayor dureza del revestimiento con niobio obtenido puede haber contribuido a reducir la tasa de desgaste en comparación con el revestimiento de inconel 625.

  7. Effect of Captopril on Aqueous Levels of Angiotensin II and Its Correlation with Macular Edema in Diabetic Patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Morteza Shahshahan

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available

    PURPOSE: To determine whether angiotensin II (AT II levels in aqueous humor are related to diabetes mellitus and to evaluate the effect of captopril on this level. We also evaluated the correlation between severity of macular edema and captopril use. METHODS: In a case-control study, aqueous humor samples were obtained at the onset of cataract surgery from 58 eyes of 58 patients, of whom 37 were diabetic. From these latter subjects, 16 had taken captopril (captopril group for at least six months and 21 had not taken any angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (non-captopril group. AT II level was assessed by radioimmunoassay. Severity of macular edema was evaluated by clinical examination after surgery. RESULTS: The aqueous level of AT II was significantly higher in diabetic patients (31.0±7.3 pg/ml compared to non-diabetics (6.28±2.8 pg/ml (Mann Whitney U test, P < 0.0001. In diabetic patients, aqueous concentration of AT II in the captopril group (16.3±6.5 mg/ml was significantly lower than the non-captopril group (75.73±9.36 mg/ml (Mann Whitney U test, P < 0.0003. The severity of macular edema was significantly less in the captopril group compared to the non-captopril group: 68.75% of the captopril group vs 33.3% of the non-captopril group had no macular edema (P < 0.005. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the

  8. Synergistic Antihypertensive Effect of Carthamus tinctorius L. Extract and Captopril in l-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats via Restoration of eNOS and AT1R Expression

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Putcharawipa Maneesai

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available This study examined the effect of Carthamus tinctorius (CT extract plus captopril treatment on blood pressure, vascular function, nitric oxide (NO bioavailability, oxidative stress and renin-angiotensin system (RAS in Nω-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME-induced hypertension. Rats were treated with l-NAME (40 mg/kg/day for five weeks and given CT extract (75 or 150 or 300 or 500 mg/kg/day: captopril (5 mg/kg/day or CT extract (300 mg/kg/day plus captopril (5 mg/kg/day for two consecutive weeks. CT extract reduced blood pressure dose-dependently, and the most effective dose was 300 mg/kg/day. l-NAME-induced hypertensive rats showed abnormalities including high blood pressure, high vascular resistance, impairment of acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation in isolated aortic rings and mesenteric vascular beds, increased vascular superoxide production and plasma malondialdehyde levels, downregulation of eNOS, low level of plasma nitric oxide metabolites, upregulation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor and increased plasma angiotensin II. These abnormalities were alleviated by treatment with either CT extract or captopril. Combination treatment of CT extract and captopril normalized all the abnormalities found in hypertensive rats except endothelial dysfunction. These data indicate that there are synergistic antihypertensive effects of CT extract and captopril. These effects are likely mediated by their anti-oxidative properties and their inhibition of RAS.

  9. Amplified nanostructure electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of captopril, acetaminophen, tyrosine and hydrochlorothiazide

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Karimi-Maleh, Hassan, E-mail: h.karimi.maleh@gmail.com [Department of Chemistry, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Ganjali, Mohammad R.; Norouzi, Parviz; Bananezhad, Asma [Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

    2017-04-01

    A novel nanomaterial-based voltammetric sensor has been developed for use a highly sensitive tool for the simultaneous determination of captopril (CA), acetaminophen (AC), tyrosine (TY) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). The device is based on the application of NiO/CNTs and (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione) (DPID) to modify carbon paste electrodes. The NiO/CNTs nanocomposite was synthesized through a direct chemical precipitation approach and was characterized with X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The NiO/CNTs/DPID/CPEs were found to facilitate the analysis of CA, AC, TY and HCTZ in the concentration ranges of 0.07–200.0, 0.8–550.0, 5.0–750.0 and 10.0–600.0 μM with the respective detection limits of 9.0 nM, 0.3 μM, 1.0 μM and 5.0 μM. The developed NiO/CNTs/DPID/CPEs were used for the determination of the mentioned analytes in pharmaceutical and biological real samples. - Graphical abstract: In this study a novel sensor based on NiO/CNTs and (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione) (DPID) modified carbon paste electrode fabricated for simultaneous determination of captopril, acetaminophen, tyrosine and hydrochlorothiazide for the first time. - Highlights: • Fabrication of NiO/CNTs and new catechol derivative modified carbon paste electrode • Good ability of proposed sensor for biological and pharmaceutical analysis • Simultaneous determination captopril, acetaminophen, tyrosine and hydrochlorothiazide.

  10. Novel Antihypertensive Prodrug from Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract via Acid-Mediated Depolymerization in the Presence of Captopril: Synthesis, Process Optimization, and Metabolism in Rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cui, Can; Shi, Ailong; Bai, Shuang; Yan, Pengyu; Li, Qing; Bi, Kaishun

    2018-04-11

    Grape seed extract contains a high content of proanthocyanidins that can be depolymerized into C-4-substituted (epi)catechin derivatives in the presence of nucleophiles. However, the biological and medicinal values of depolymerization products have been rarely investigated. Recently, we developed a novel depolymerization product (-)-epicatechin-4β- S-captopril methyl ester (ECC) derived from the reaction of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract with captopril in the presence of acidified methanol. A central composite design was employed to select the most appropriate depolymerization temperature and time to obtain the target product ECC with a high yield. A total of 16 metabolites of ECC in rat urine, feces, and plasma were identified using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. The in vivo results suggested that ECC could release captopril methyl ester and epicatechin, followed by the generation of further metabolites captopril and epicatechin sulfate conjugates. Therefore, ECC may be used as a potential prodrug with synergistic or additive hypotensive effects.

  11. Inhibition of the dapE-Encoded N-Succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic Acid Desuccinylase from Neisseria meningitidis by L-Captopril

    OpenAIRE

    Starus, Anna; Nocek, Boguslaw; Bennett, Brian; Larrabee, James A.; Shaw, Daniel L.; Sae-Lee, Wisath; Russo, Marie T.; Gillner, Danuta M.; Makowska-Grzyska, Magdalena; Joachimiak, Andrzej; Holz, Richard C.

    2015-01-01

    Binding of the competitive inhibitor L-captopril to the dapE-encoded N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase from Neisseria meningitidis (NmDapE) was examined by kinetic, spectroscopic, and crystallographic methods. L-Captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, was previously shown to be a potent inhibitor of the DapE from Haemophilus influenzae (HiDapE) with an IC50 of 3.3 μM and a measured Ki of 1.8 μM and displayed a dose-responsive antibiotic activity toward Esch...

  12. Glomerular filtration rate measured by 51Cr-EDTA clearance: evaluation of captopril-induced changes in hypertensive patients with and without renal artery stenosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chaves, Anna Alice Rolim; Buchpiguel, Carlos Alberto; Praxedes, Jose Nery; Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido; Sapienza, Marcelo Tatit

    2010-01-01

    Introduction: renal artery stenosis can lead to renovascular hypertension; however, the detection of stenosis alone does not guarantee the presence of renovascular hypertension. Renovascular hypertension depends on activation of the renin-angiotensin system, which can be detected by functional tests such as captopril renal scintigraphy. A method that allows direct measurement of the baseline and post-captopril glomerular filtration rate using chromium-51 labeled ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid ( 51 Cr-EDTA) could add valuable information to the investigation of hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis. The purposes of this study were to create a protocol to measure the baseline and post-captopril glomerular filtration rate using 51 Cr-EDTA, and to verify whether changes in the glomerular filtration rate permit differentiation between hypertensive patients with and without renal artery stenosis. Methods: this prospective study included 41 consecutive patients with poorly controlled severe hypertension. All patients had undergone a radiological investigation of renal artery stenosis within the month prior to their inclusion. The patients were divided into two groups: patients with (n=21) and without renal artery stenosis, (n=20). In vitro glomerular filtration rate analysis ( 51 Cr-EDTA) and 99m Tc-DMSA scintigraphy were performed before and after captopril administration in all patients. Results: the mean baseline glomerular filtration rate was 48.6±21.8 ml/kg/1.73 m 2 in the group with renal artery stenosis, which was significantly lower than the GFR of 65.1±28.7 ml/kg/1.73m 2 in the group without renal artery stenosis (p=0.04). Captopril induced a significant reduction of the glomerular filtration rate in the group with renal artery stenosis (to 32.6±14.8 ml/kg/1.73m 2 , p=0.001) and an insignificant change in the group without RAS (to 62.2±23.6 ml/kg/1.73m 2 , p=0.68). Scintigraphy with technetium-99m dimercapto-succinic acid (DMSA) did not show

  13. Peritoneostomy with latex coated polypropylene: experimental study in rats Peritoniostomia com polipropileno revestido por látex: estudo experimental em ratos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renato Hugues Atique Claudio

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available PURPOSE: To evaluate if latex coated polypropylene mesh leads to less adhesions formation. METHODS: 90 rats were distributed in three groups. Group I (control was submitted to median laparotomy and posterior synthesis; Group II (polypropylene was submitted to a segment resection of the abdominal wall, and the defect was corrected with a polypropylene mesh; Group III using the new material (latex coated polypropylene. After 45 days the euthanasia procedure was done and the adhesions were evaluated in 2 ways: 1 classification in a grading system; 2 evaluation of the adhesion area, which was calculated by resection of the adhesions after dying with Indian blue ink. RESULTS: The classification in a grading system showed that Group III animals had less adhesions formation (P0.05. The severe complications (fistula, evisceration and obstruction, which were lethal, were not reduced by the latex coated material. CONCLUSION: Latex coated polypropylene causes fewer adhesion formations than polypropylene alone, although it does not diminish the severe early complications.OBJETIVO: Avaliar se o revestimento da tela de polipropileno com látex leva a menor formação de aderências. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 90 ratos, distribuídos em três grupos de 30: grupo I (controle animais submetidos a laparotomia mediana e posterior síntese; grupo II (polipropileno ressecção de segmento da parede abdominal e síntese com tela de polipropileno; grupo III, (polipropileno revestido por látex. Eutanásia foi realizada após 45 dias e as aderências avaliadas sob duas formas: 1 classificação em graus; 2 avaliação da área aderida, calculada corando-se o segmento da parede contendo as aderências que posteriormente foram ressecadas produzindo uma região clara em contraste com o restante da peça, corada. RESULTADOS: Na avaliação por meio de graus, o grupo III apresentou menor formação de aderências (p0,05. As complicações graves não foram reduzidas pelo

  14. Glomerular filtration rate measured by {sup 51}Cr-EDTA clearance: evaluation of captopril-induced changes in hypertensive patients with and without renal artery stenosis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chaves, Anna Alice Rolim; Buchpiguel, Carlos Alberto; Praxedes, Jose Nery; Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido; Sapienza, Marcelo Tatit, E-mail: annaalice100@yahoo.com.b [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Dept. de Neurologia

    2010-07-01

    Introduction: renal artery stenosis can lead to renovascular hypertension; however, the detection of stenosis alone does not guarantee the presence of renovascular hypertension. Renovascular hypertension depends on activation of the renin-angiotensin system, which can be detected by functional tests such as captopril renal scintigraphy. A method that allows direct measurement of the baseline and post-captopril glomerular filtration rate using chromium-51 labeled ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid ({sup 51}Cr-EDTA) could add valuable information to the investigation of hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis. The purposes of this study were to create a protocol to measure the baseline and post-captopril glomerular filtration rate using {sup 51}Cr-EDTA, and to verify whether changes in the glomerular filtration rate permit differentiation between hypertensive patients with and without renal artery stenosis. Methods: this prospective study included 41 consecutive patients with poorly controlled severe hypertension. All patients had undergone a radiological investigation of renal artery stenosis within the month prior to their inclusion. The patients were divided into two groups: patients with (n=21) and without renal artery stenosis, (n=20). In vitro glomerular filtration rate analysis ({sup 51}Cr-EDTA) and {sup 99m}Tc-DMSA scintigraphy were performed before and after captopril administration in all patients. Results: the mean baseline glomerular filtration rate was 48.6+-21.8 ml/kg/1.73 m{sup 2} in the group with renal artery stenosis, which was significantly lower than the GFR of 65.1+-28.7 ml/kg/1.73m{sup 2} in the group without renal artery stenosis (p=0.04). Captopril induced a significant reduction of the glomerular filtration rate in the group with renal artery stenosis (to 32.6+-14.8 ml/kg/1.73m{sup 2}, p=0.001) and an insignificant change in the group without RAS (to 62.2+-23.6 ml/kg/1.73m{sup 2}, p=0.68). Scintigraphy with technetium-99m dimercapto

  15. [Effects of captopril on hemodynamics, gas exchange and exercise capacity in patients with pulmonary hypertension secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Paitl, C E; Nery, L E; Romaldini, H; Herrmann, J L; Portugal, O P; dos Santos, M L; Martinez Filho, E E

    1989-02-01

    Captopril, a potent inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme, was tested in patients with COPD (means forced expired volume in the first second--FEV1 = 0.73 l) and pulmonary hypertension (PAP = 41.3 mmHg). In the first phase of the experiment, patients underwent and incremental exercise test to the limit of tolerance. These were double blind, randomized, cross-over studies, where the patients received oral placebo (Pl) or captopril (Cp) 25 mg, on different days. In a second phase, the patients were submitted to hemodynamic and gasometric studies in the supine position, before placebo, the 60 min after and immediately after exercise (cycling-like leg movements). After 30 min of rest the same protocol was repeated with oral administration of 25 mg of captopril. In the metabolic evaluation (cycloergometry) captopril increased significantly exercise tolerance (means VO2-uptake at maximal exercise: CP = 0.81 vs Pl = 0.73 1/min), associated with a slower heart rate and higher O2-pulse at maximal exercise. In the hemodynamic study, when the effects of Cp and Pl were compared, the mean values of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were similar at rest, but significantly lower during exercise, after captopril (means PAP Cp = 41.3 vs Pl = 51.2 mmHg; XPVR Cp = 278 vs Pl = 392 dyn. sec. cm5). There were similar systemic hemodynamic effects after Cp, but these were more intense in the pulmonary circulation (lower PVR/SVR ratio post-Cp in relation to post-Pl, during exercise). The cardiac index, systemic O2 transport and arterial and mixed venous blood gases were similar at rest and during exercise, with Pl or Cp.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

  16. Value of renal scintigraphy with captopril test in the exploration of renovascular hypertension: Case report

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ghfir, I.; Berehou, F.Z.; Ben Rais, N.

    2007-01-01

    Introduction Dynamic renal scintigraphy with 99m Tc-DTPA and captopril test is a non-invasive functional method for the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension. It allows differentiating between hypertension induced by renal arterial stenosis from primary arterial hypertension with an incidental stenosis. Case report A 14-year-old girl, without previous medical history, developed a severe arterial hypertension with cephalalgia and ears buzzing. Auscultation revealed a murmur in the left lumbar pit. Renal angiography objectified a stenosis of the infra renal aorta due to a circumferential parietal thickening associated to renal arteries stenosis more marked in the left side. Dynamic renal scintigraphy after administration of captopril highlighted a marked collapse of the rate of tracer uptake exceeding 40% on the left side with an increase in the time of collecting on the right side testifying a frankly positive test prevailing on the left. A transluminal angioplasty of the left renal artery and a revascularization surgery on the right side were carried out. The evolution was marked by an improvement of blood pressure figures. Discussion Dynamic renal scintigraphy using 99m Tc-DTPA with captopril test constitutes a non-invasive process with a low dosimetry for the patients. Its principal goal is to affirm the role of renovascular stenosis in the origin of arterial hypertension and to determine which hypertensive patients with renal arterial stenosis can be treated successfully by surgical or endoscopic revascularization of the kidney. (authors)

  17. Avaliação da estabilidade de xaropes contendo aminas aromáticas

    OpenAIRE

    Beatriz Resende Freitas

    2002-01-01

    Atualmente a grande malona dos fármacos apresenta grupamento amínico. Estes quando associados à açúcares redutores ou a outros adjuvantes farmacêuticos contendo carbonila, freqüentemente produzem manchas de escurecimento ou descoloração, a Reação de Maillard pode explicar tal ocorrência. Além de poder comprometer a idoneidade do produto. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o comportamento de xaropes contendo aminas aromáticas, tendo em vista que a associação entre açúcares e aminas ...

  18. A case study presentation: The MAG3 captopril renal scan, which side are you on ?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Richards, A.

    1998-01-01

    Full text: A 68-year-old woman with widespread vascular disease presented to the Nuclear Medicine Department with severe hypertension, (a blood pressure of 200/160 supine), a known small right kidney, and a large abdominal aortic aneurysm. A baseline renal scan was performed with IV administration of 300 MBq of 99m Tc-labelled MAG3. A normal left kidney was demonstrated, with a Grade 0 renogram pattern. The right kidney was non visualised and non functioning. The patient was then administered orally with 25 mg of A.C.E. inhibitor captopril and her blood pressure fell by greater than 100 mm Hg. A second MAG3 Renal Scan was performed. The finding conflicted with results of a Renal Artery Angiogram and Renal Artery Doppler Ultrasound, both demonstrating a normal left renal artery. A repeat MAG3 Renal scan with captopril challenge was performed. Differential diagnosis included: 1.Left sided microvascular disease; 2. A functioning though very ischaemic right kidney that was producing renin, suggested by contrast opacification of the right renal cortex on CT; or 3. A false negative renal artery angiogram, with non-visualisation of an arterial stenosis caused by thrombus or compression of the left renal artery by the abdominal aortic aneurysm. Subsequent Renal Vein Renin Sampling measured left renal vein renin activity at 4.50,μg/L/h, (compared with 4.80μg/L/h in the IVC). Right renal vein renin activity was 13.20μg/L/h. This lateralization of renin secretion to the right side with suppression of left sided secretion suggested that the renovascular hypertension was caused by the right kidney. This was a very unusual result, as the MAG3 captopril renal scan had incorrectly and strongly suggested a left sided origin to the renovascular hypertension. In addition, the right kidney not seen to accumulate MAG3 was in fact functioning sufficiently to produce renin. It is hypothesized that the left kidney had adjusted to allow normal function only at very high circulating

  19. Renal scintigraphy following angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension (captopril scintigraphy)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sfakianakis, G.N.; Sfakianakis, E.; Bourgoignie, J.

    1988-01-01

    There is definitely a niche for an accurate test for the diagnosis of RVH; more important, there is a need for a predictive test to help select patients suitable for revascularization procedures as opposed to medical treatment. All current tests have less than optimal results. Captopril scintigraphy warrants evaluation. It is important, however, to approach the test with a full understanding of its theoretical potentials on the basis of current clinical experience. Several options, techniques, and combinations are possible, given the availability of more than one radiopharmaceutical. The purpose of this chapter is to: (a) briefly review RVH and its pathophysiology, with emphasis on the need to establish the diagnosis, lateralize the abnormality, and decide about the mode of treatment; (b) review the current knowledge about converting-enzyme inhibitors; (c) analyze the handling of the different radiopharmaceuticals by the RVH-related kidney with and without pharmacologic intervention; and (d) compare and critically examine proposed protocols for captopril scintigraphy

  20. Hemodynamic and radionuclide effects of acute captopril therapy for heart failure: changes in left and right ventricular volumes and function at rest and during exercise

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Massie, B.; Kramer, B.L.; Topic, N.; Henderson, S.G.

    1982-01-01

    Although the resting hemodynamic effects of captopril in congestive heart failure are known, little information is available about the hemodynamic response to captopril during exercise or about changes in noninvasive measurements of the size and function of both ventricles. In this study, 14 stable New York Heart Association class III patients were given 25 mg of oral captopril. Rest and exercise hemodynamic measurements and blood pool scintigrams were performed simultaneously before and 90 minutes after captopril. The radionuclide studies were analyzed for left and right ventricular end-diastolic volumes, end-systolic volumes, ejection fractions and pulmonary blood volume. The primary beneficial responses at rest were decreases in left and right ventricular end-diastolic volumes from 388 +/- 81 to 350 +/- 77 ml and from 52 +/- 26 to 43 +/- 20 volume units, respectively, and in their corresponding filling pressures, from 24 +/- 10 to 17 +/- 9 mm Hg and 10 +/- 5 to 6 +/- 5 mm Hg. Although stroke volume did not increase significantly, both left and right ventricular ejection fractions increased slightly, from 19 +/- 6% to 22+/- 5% and from 25 +/- 9% to 29 +/- 11%, respectively. During exercise, similar changes were noted in both hemodynamic and radionuclide indexes. This, in patients with moderate symptomatic limitation from chronic heart failure, captopril predominantly reduces ventricular volume and filling pressure, with a less significant effect on cardiac output. These effects persist during exercise, when systemic vascular resistance is already very low. Radionuclide techniques are valuable in assessing the drug effect in these subjects, particularly when ventricular volumes are also measured

  1. Value of renal scintigraphy with captopril test in the exploration of renovascular hypertension: Case report; Apport de la scintigraphie renale avec test au captopril dans l'exploration de l'hypertension arterielle renovasculaire: a propos d'un cas

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ghfir, I.; Berehou, F.Z.; Ben Rais, N. [Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rabat, Hopital Ibn-Sina, Service de Medecine Nucleaire (Morocco)

    2007-08-15

    Introduction Dynamic renal scintigraphy with {sup 99m}Tc-DTPA and captopril test is a non-invasive functional method for the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension. It allows differentiating between hypertension induced by renal arterial stenosis from primary arterial hypertension with an incidental stenosis. Case report A 14-year-old girl, without previous medical history, developed a severe arterial hypertension with cephalalgia and ears buzzing. Auscultation revealed a murmur in the left lumbar pit. Renal angiography objectified a stenosis of the infra renal aorta due to a circumferential parietal thickening associated to renal arteries stenosis more marked in the left side. Dynamic renal scintigraphy after administration of captopril highlighted a marked collapse of the rate of tracer uptake exceeding 40% on the left side with an increase in the time of collecting on the right side testifying a frankly positive test prevailing on the left. A transluminal angioplasty of the left renal artery and a revascularization surgery on the right side were carried out. The evolution was marked by an improvement of blood pressure figures. Discussion Dynamic renal scintigraphy using {sup 99m}Tc-DTPA with captopril test constitutes a non-invasive process with a low dosimetry for the patients. Its principal goal is to affirm the role of renovascular stenosis in the origin of arterial hypertension and to determine which hypertensive patients with renal arterial stenosis can be treated successfully by surgical or endoscopic revascularization of the kidney. (authors)

  2. Chemical and microbiological evaluation of the internal surfaces of aluminum tubes both unlined and lined with epoxi resin by means of the stereoscope and scanning electron microscope Avaliação química e microbiológica da superfície interna dos tubos de alumínio não revestido e revestido com resina epóxi por meio de microscópio estereoscópio e eletrônico de varredura

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisabeth Loshchagin Pizzolitto

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available The internal surfaces of aluminum tubes, both unlined and lined with epoxy resin, which are used for packaged medicines such as creams, ointments, gels, etc., were evaluated chemically, and microbiologically with regard to microorganism adherence. Proof of porosity of the unlined aluminum surface and lined with epoxy resin, and the resistance to removal of the resin were observed using a scanning electron microscope and a stereoscope, with a digitalized image system. To evaluate the microorganisms adherence to the aluminum surface, unlined and lined with epoxy resin, sterilized disks (10mm in diameter were immersed in Mueller Hinton Broth and placed in tubes of polypropylene with screw caps. The liquid culture medium was then inoculated with suspensions (10(9CFU/ml of the following microorganisms: Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter lwoffii and Candida albicans and incubated at 37°C under constant agitation (100rpm for 12 days. The culture broth was changed every 3 days, after which the disks were removed, and observed under the scanning electron microscope. Microscopic observations revealed adherence of the microorganisms and biofilm on the aluminum surfaces both unlined and lined with epoxy resin.A superfície interna das bisnagas fabricadas com alumínio não revestido e revestido com resina epóxi, utilizadas para acondicionar cremes, pomadas, géis, etc., foram avaliadas quimicamente e por métodos microbiológicos correlacionados com a aderência de microrganismos. A prova da porosidade e da resistência à remoção da resina foi observada por meio do microscópio eletrônico de varredura (Topcon FM300 e estereoscópio Leica (MZ12 acoplado a Sistema de Digitalização de Imagens. Para avaliar a ação dos microrganismos foram utilizados corpos-de-prova esterilizados (discos de 10mm de diâmetro, imersos em caldo Mueller Hinton (Difco e colocados em tubos de polipropileno com tampa de rosca (Corning. Foram

  3. Targeting of captopril to the kidney reduces renal angiotensin-converting enzyme activity without affecting systemic blood pressure

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kok, RJ; Haverdings, Rene; Grijpstra, F; Koiter, J.; Moolenaar, F; De Zeeuw, D; Meijer, DKF

    We have synthesized a prodrug of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril by coupling this drug covalently to the low molecular weight protein (LMWP) lysozyme. Such drug-LMWP conjugates can be used for renal drug delivery, since LMWPs accumulate specifically in the proximal

  4. Avaliação da qualidade de comprimidos revestidos de diclofenaco de sódio dispensados pela rede pública municipal de São Paulo, SP, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jaqueline Kalleian Eserian

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available O diclofenaco é o anti-inflamatório não esteroidal (AINE mais prescrito mundialmente. Comprimidos de diclofenaco de sódio com revestimento gastrorresistente foram desenvolvidos com o objetivo de reduzir o risco de efeitos adversos gastrointestinais comumente associados com o uso de AINE. O Programa Municipal de Verificação da Qualidade de Medicamentos da Secretaria Municipal da Saúde de São Paulo avalia a qualidade de comprimidos revestidos de diclofenaco sódico distribuídos na rede municipal de saúde. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a qualidade de comprimidos de diclofenaco de sódio distribuídos em unidades de saúde municipais de São Paulo, no ano de 2013, por meio de ensaios físico-químicos farmacopeicos. Foram realizados os ensaios de aspecto, variação de peso, identificação e teor de diclofenaco de sódio, uniformidade de doses unitárias e dissolução. As amostras de diclofenaco de sódio analisadas apresentaram resultados satisfatórios. O monitoramento de medicamentos distribuídos pela rede pública de saúde é uma importante ação de vigilância sanitária. A avaliação da qualidade de comprimidos revestidos de diclofenaco de sódio se faz relevante para garantir a eficácia e segurança do tratamento farmacológico, sobretudo por se tratar de uma forma farmacêutica de liberação modificada.

  5. Comparative study on the ACE inhibitors Quinapril and Captopril for the (Angiotensin converting enzyme) treatment of the decompensated cardiac insufficiency in dog

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Morisse, B.; Kersten, U.

    1994-01-01

    In a randomized study of 52 dogs the efficacy and safety of captopril and quinapril in the treatment of canine heart failure is studied. The drugs were found to be comparably effective. The recommended dosage schedule for the short acting captopril is three times daily 0.5 mg/kg body weight. Quinapril belongs to a newer generation of ACE inhibitors with a longer half life than captopril and the treatment was started with a single dose of 0.5 mg/kg body weight. This dosage schedule was sufficient for the successful therapy of most of the dogs with heart failure phase II (12 of 13), but in 4 of 7 dogs with heart failure phase III and in all of the patients with phase IV the single dose had to be increased and/or the dosing interval of quinapril had to be shortened, because they still showed complaints due to heart failure. We recommend to adjust the dosage schedule of quinapril individually to the severity of heart failure. Therapy should be started once daily with an application of 0,5 mg/kg body weight and the dog should be controlled about one week later. If there are still symptoms of decompensated heart failure, the dosage may be increased gradually until a maximum dosage of 0.5 mg/kg three times daily. Especially for patients with severe heart failure we recommend at least when treatment is started a concomitant diuretic therapy. Echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac function shows if there is an indication for positive inotropic support witha digitalis glycoside. Quinapril, a novel inhibitor of the angiotensin-converting enzyme can ease the management of canine heart failure, because at least in dogs with mild to moderate heart failure dosing interval is longer compared with captopril. Moreover, quinapril is available as 5 mg tablets whereas the smallest captopril tablets contain 12.5 mg agent. It has to be mentioned that expenses for a treatment with ACE inhibitors are significantly higher than for a therapy with digitalis, so frequently above all the

  6. [The experimental study of captopril and valsartan on the preventing and treatment of diabetic retinopathy in diabetic mice].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xie, Xi-Wei; Zhao, Ping

    2004-11-01

    To evaluate the action of Angiotensin II (AngII) on the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy and the effect of captopril and valsartan on preventing and treating diabetic retinopathy. Male C57BL/KsJ db/+ mice were obtained at 3 weeks of age and maintained on diets enriched animal fat for 4 weeks. After exposure to high-fat diet for 4 weeks, mice were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin (STZ) 100 mg/kg body weight. After 2 weeks, nonfasting plasma glucose concentration was measured by nipping the distal part of the tail. Mice whose plasma glucose concentrations were higher than 11.1 mmol/L were selected for the study as model groups. Starting from day 2, captopril 12.5 mg/kg or valsartan 40 mg/kg was given to treatment group via the oral route After treatment for 4, 8, 12 weeks, respectively, eyeballs of mice from each group were enucleated, embedded in paraffin to make tissue sections for immunohistochemistry analysis. The instrument for computer image-analysis was used to analyze the expression of AngII and VEGF in ganglion cell layer. The analyzed indices were mean gray scale value and area density value. With increased duration of diabetes, the mean gray scale values of AngII and VEGF decreased significantly. At the same time, area density values of AngII and VEGF increased significantly. The area density values of VEGF in captopril treated-group was significantly lower than that in valsartan-treated group for the same duration. Moreover, the area density values of VEGF at 4 weeks was significantly lower than that at 8 weeks or 12 weeks. The area density value in captopril treated-group had a significant negative correlation with diabetes duration. AngII had significant positive correlation with VEGF. AngII possibly participated directly and/or indirectly in the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy via the upregulation the expression of VEGF. Early treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and

  7. Antihypertensive mechanisms of chronic captopril (CPT) or N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment in L-NAME hypertensive rats

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Dobešová, Zdenka; Zicha, Josef; Pecháňová, Olga; Kuneš, Jaroslav

    2005-01-01

    Roč. 46, č. 4 (2005), s. 912-913 ISSN 0194-911X. [Annual Meeting of the European Council for Cardiovascular Research (ECCR) /10./. 14.10.2005-16.10.2005, La Colle sur Loup] R&D Projects: GA MZd(CZ) NR7786 Keywords : antihypertensive mechanism * captopril * N-Acetylcysteine * L-NAME hypertension Subject RIV: ED - Physiology

  8. Placebo-controlled comparison of captopril, metoprolol, and hydrochlorothiazide therapy in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with primary hypertension

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Gall, M A; Rossing, P; Skøtt, P

    1992-01-01

    The antihypertensive effect of captopril, metoprolol, and hydrochlorothiazide was compared in 23 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients less than or equal to 75 years of age, with borderline to moderate primary hypertension. In a double blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial...

  9. Estudo de toxicologia clínica de um fitoterápico contendo Passiflora incarnata L., Crataegus oxyacantha L., Salix alba L. em voluntários saudáveis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Demétrius F. Nascimento

    Full Text Available O Pasalix® é um produto fitoterápico contendo uma associação de três plantas medicinais: Passiflora incarnata, Salix alba e Crataegus oxyacantha. Sua principal indicação é para o tratamento da ansiedade e insônia. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a toxicologia clínica dessa formulação em voluntários saudáveis. Para isso realizou-se um ensaio clínico não aleatório, aberto, com 24 voluntários sadios do sexo masculino, que receberam ambulatorialmente dois (2 comprimidos revestidos do fitoterápico duas vezes ao dia, durante 28 dias ininterruptos. Os voluntários foram incluídos no estudo somente quando considerados saudáveis após avaliação clínica, exame físico e exames laboratoriais que antecederam o estudo. A avaliação laboratorial incluiu análise hematológica, bioquímica e sorológica. A avaliação clínica e laboratorial foi repetida após a 1ª, 2ª, 3ª e 4ª semanas de tratamento e 7 dias após a última administração. O Pasalix® foi bem tolerado pelos 24 voluntários não apresentando eventos adversos graves. Os exames clínicos, eletrocardiográficos e laboratoriais efetuados antes, durante e após o ensaio não evidenciaram sinais de toxicidade nos diversos órgãos e sistemas avaliados, confirmando a segurança da preparação para utilização em ensaios de eficácia terapêutica.

  10. Separation methods for captopril in pharmaceuticals and biological fluids.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mansour, Fotouh R; Danielson, Neil D

    2012-06-01

    Captopril (CAP) is an orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and has been widely used for management of hypertension and congestive heart failure. CAP lacks an aromatic chromophore required for facile direct UV detection and also has two chiral centers. These factors can render the determination of CAP in complex matrices challenging. This review covers more than 20 years of analytical research on this drug, focusing mainly on pharmaceutical and biological applications. The primary separation techniques discussed are gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis. The structures of the CAP derivatizing agents as well as a table summarizing various HPLC methods are provided. A discussion of key recent chromatographic and electrophoretic methods for other ACE inhibitors is also present. © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  11. Captopril and Valsartan May Improve Cogniti ve Function Through Potentiation of the Brain Antioxidant Defense System and Attenuation of Oxidative/Nitrosative Damage in STZ - Induced Dementia in Rat

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yasaman Arjmand Abbassi

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Purpose: Previous findings have shown the crucial roles of brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS in pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD. Since RAS inhibitors may have beneficial effects on dementia and cognitive function in elderly people, the aim of present study was to examine the neuroprotective actions of captopril and valsartan on memory function and neuronal damage in experimental model of AD. Methods: Adult forty male Wistar rats (220-280g were randomly divided into 5 groups; Control, Vehicle, Alzheimer and treatment groups. AD was induced by the injections of streptozotocin (3mg/kg, bilateral intracerebroventricular at days 1&3. Treated rats received orally captopril (50mg/kg/day and valsartan (30mg/kg/day. Memory function and histological assessments were done at termination of experiment. Finally, superoxide dismutase (SOD and catalase (CAT activities as well as malondialdehyde (MDA and NOx contents were determined. Results: There was a significant increase in the mean value of latency in Alzheimer group (66%. Captopril and valsartan considerably decreased this value in both treatment groups (45% and 72%, respectively. In Alzheimer group the activities of brain’s SOD and CAT reduced (40% and 47%, respectively in accompany with an increase in MDA and NOx contents (49% and 50%, respectively. Captopril and valsartan significantly increased the activities of brain’s SOD and CAT concomitant reduction in MDA and NOx contents. Also, histopathological damages noticeably decreased in both treatment groups. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that RAS inhibition by using captopril and valsartan potentiates the antioxidant defense system of brain and reduces oxidative/nitrosative stress in accompany with neuronal damage during AD.

  12. Comparing the impact of melatonin and captopril on early effects of radiation on the heart tissue by studying glutathione, malondialdehyde, and lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activity in rats

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shirazi, Alireza; Tabatabaie, Farnaz; Ghazi-Khansari, Mahmoud; Mirzaei, Hamidreza

    2015-01-01

    Prevention of secondary malignancy while the patient is receiving radiotherapy for the management of primary cancer has been an enormous challenge for biological and medical safety. The aim of the study is to compare protective effects of melatonin and captopril on early effects of radiation on the heart tissue of rats. Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats weighing 180-220 g were used. The rats were divided into six groups and the rats were exposed to 8 Gy whole body dose from Cobalt-60 sources. Thirty minutes prior to irradiation, six animals received melatonin (100 mg/kg body weight), and six animals received captopril (50 mg/kg body weight). All groups were sacrificed 10 days post-irradiation, and hearts were collected. Malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and glutathione (GSH) were measured to evaluate cellular oxidative stress-induced injury. The biochemical data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean, and the difference between the groups was analyzed using a two-way variance analysis. Treatment with captopril resulted in a significant increase in LDH and MDA, although the level of GSH was decreased (P < 0.01). MDA and LDH levels were decreased after melatonin treatment while GSH level was increased (P < 0.001). Melatonin has protective effects following radiation, while treatment with captopril post-irradiation seems to be radiosensitizing and does not have protective effects against radiation exposure. (author)

  13. Prediction of renovascualar hypertension by captopril-stimulated renal vein renin ratios

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roubidoux, M.A.; Dunnick, N.R.; Svetkey, L.; Newmann, G.E.; Cohan, R.H.; Kadir, S.; Klotman, P.

    1989-01-01

    The authors have prospectively studied 114 patients with suspected renovascular hypertension to determine whether captopril-stimulated, selective, renal vein renin ratios could be used to predict renovascular hypertension. As judged by the response to correction of renal artery lesions, 14 patients had renovascular hypertension, and renal vein renin ratios were significant in eight (sensitivity 57%). Overall, the positive predictive value of renal vein renin ratios was 33%, and the negative predictive value was 89%. The authors concluded that, in patients with renal artery stenosis, renal vein renin ratios predict neither the need for conventional arteriography nor potential benefit from the correction of vascular insufficiency

  14. Cost Minimization Analysis of Antihypertensive Therapy with Captopril-Hydrochlorothiazide and Amlodipine-Hydrochlorothiazide in One of Hospitals in Bandung

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andini Faramitha

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available The successful therapy of stage 2 hypertension can be supported by the administration of antihypertensive. Existence of various antihypertensive alternative, making pharmacoeconomics study is needed in order to have an effective and efficient therapy. Purpose of this study is to find the antihypertensive group therapy which is more efficient in cost (cost minimization which used in the treatment of stage 2 hypertension in patients at one hospital in Bandung from 2011 until 2013. This study is an observational reserach with retrospective data collection. Data retrieval is done by taking the medical records of hospitalized patients who received therapy of stage 2 hypertension antihypertensive, captopril-hydrochlorothiazide or amlodipin-hydrochlorothiazide. Components that are collected include the cost of antihypertensive, supportive therapy costs, the cost of action, administrative expenses and cost of hospitalization. The result of the study cost minimization analysis showed that the total cost of treatment with the antihypertensive captopril-hydrochlorothiazide is lower compared to amlodipin- hydrochlorothiazide, with the difference amounting to Rp126,798.

  15. Clonidine versus captopril for treatment of postpartum very high blood pressure: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (CLONCAP).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Noronha-Neto, Carlos; Katz, Leila; Coutinho, Isabela C; Maia, Sabina B; Souza, Alex Sandro Rolland; Amorim, Melania Maria Ramos

    2013-07-30

    The behavior of arterial blood pressure in postpartum of women with hypertension and pregnancy and the best treatment for very high blood pressure in this period still need evidence. The Cochrane systematic review assessing prevention and treatment of postpartum hypertension found only two trials (120 patients) comparing hydralazine with nifedipine and labetalol for the treatment of severe hypertension and did not find enough evidence to know how best to treat women with hypertension after birth. Although studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of treatment with captopril, side effects were reported. Because of these findings, new classes of antihypertensive drugs began to be administered as an alternative therapy. Data on the role of clonidine in this particular group of patients, its effects in the short and long term are still scarce in the literature. To determine the effectiveness of clonidine, compared to captopril, for the treatment of postpartum very high blood pressure in women with hypertension in pregnancy. The study is a triple blind randomized controlled trial including postpartum women with diagnosis of hypertension in pregnancy presenting very high blood pressure, and exclusion criteria will be presence of heart disease, smoking, use of illicit drugs, any contraindication to the use of captopril or clonidine and inability to receive oral medications.Eligible patients will be invited to participate and those who agree will be included in the study and receive captopril or clonidine according to a random list of numbers. The subjects will receive the study medication every 20 minutes until blood pressure is over 170 mmHg of systolic blood pressure and 110 mmHg diastolic blood pressure. A maximum of six pills a day for very high blood pressure will be administered. In case of persistent high blood pressure levels, other antihypertensive agents will be used.During the study the women will be subject to strict control of blood pressure and urine

  16. SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Furqan Muhammad, Iqbal; Mahmood, Ahmad; Aysha, Rashid

    2016-01-01

    A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug. Acrylic acid and AMPS were polymerized and crosslinked with HPMC by free radical polymerization, a widely used chemical crosslinking method. N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and potassium persulfate (KPS) were added as cross-linker and initiator, respectively. The hydrogel formulation was loaded with captopril (as model drug). The concentration of captopril was monitored at 205 nm using UV spectrophotometer. Equilibrium swelling ratio was determined at pH 2, 4.5 and 7.4 to evaluate the pH responsiveness of the formed hydrogel. The super-absorbent hydrogels were evaluated by FTIR, SEM, XRD, and thermal analysis (DSC and TGA). The formation of new copolymeric network was determined by FTIR, XRD, TGA and DSC analysis. The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling. Moreover, higher release rate of captopril was observed at pH 7.4 than at pH 2, because of more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium. The present research work confirms the development of a stable hydrogel comprising of HPMC with acrylic acid and AMPS. The prepared hydrogels exhibited pH sensitive behav-ior. This superabsorbent composite prepared could be a successful drug carrier for treating hypertension.

  17. Influence of chronic captopril treatment on norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction in SHR and WKY : In vivo study

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Pintérová, Mária; Kuneš, Jaroslav; Dobešová, Zdenka; Zicha, Josef

    2008-01-01

    Roč. 26, Suppl.1 (2008), S174-S174 ISSN 0263-6352. [Scientific Meeting International Society of Hypertension /22./ , Scientific Meeting European Society of Hypertension /18./. 14.06.2008-19.06.2008, Berlin] Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50110509 Keywords : cpo1 * captopril teratment * norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction * SHR and WKY Subject RIV: FA - Cardiovascular Diseases incl. Cardiotharic Surgery

  18. The effect of Valsartan and Captopril for the improvement of left ventricular systolic function after acute anterior myocardial infarction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu Jun; Fu Xianghua; Xue Ling; Wu Weili; Li Shiqiang

    2010-01-01

    Objective: To compare the therapeutic effect of angiotensin II antagonist (Valsartan) and angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor (Captopril) for the improvement of left ventricular systolic function (LVSF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at anterior wall. Methods: A total of 75 patients with initial AMI at anterior wall were enlisted in the study. Patients were divided randomly into three groups: control group (n = 15), Captopril treated (n =30), and Valsartan treated (n =30). At 1 week and 28 weeks post AMI, the LVSF and left ventricular regional ejection fraction (LrEF) were measured by equilibrium radionuclide angiography (ERNA). The t-test was used to compare the dada. Results: (1) At 28 weeks, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular peak ejection rate (LPER) in Valsartan treated group were significantly increased as compared with those of control: (59.4±8.6) % vs (44.9±8.4)%, t = 3.87, P 2 , LrEF 4 , LrEF 5 , LrEF-6: (71.6±18.8)% vs (57.0±11.4)%, t=2.11, P<0.05;(78.1±16.8)% vs (68.9±21.0)%, t =2.06, P<0.05; (70.5±16.9)% vs (59.9±23.4)%, t=1.99, P<0.05; and (58.1±9.0) % vs (46.0±18.9) %, t = 2.43, P<0.05, respectively. Conclusions: Valsartan and Captopril are effective for the improvement of LVEF after AMI at anterior wall. The effects of the two drugs are similar. (authors)

  19. Selectivity of Inhibition of N-Succinyl-l,l-Diaminopimelic Acid Desuccinylase in Bacteria: The product of dapE-gene Is Not the Target of l-Captopril Antimicrobial Activity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Uda, Narasimha Rao; Creus, Marc

    2011-01-01

    The emergence of bacterial strains that are resistant to virtually all currently available antibiotics underscores the importance of developing new antimicrobial compounds. N-succinyl-l,l-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase (DapE) is a metallohydrolase involved in the meso-diaminopimelate (mDAP)/lysine biosynthetic pathway necessary for lysine biosynthesis and for building the peptidoglycan cell wall. Because DapE is essential for Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria, DapE has been proposed as a good target for antibiotic development. Recently, l-captopril has been suggested as a lead compound for inhibition of DapE, although its selectivity for this enzyme target in bacteria remains unclear (Gillner et al. (2009)). Here, we tested the selectivity of l-captopril against DapE in bacteria. Since DapE knockout strains of gram-negative bacteria are viable upon chemical supplementation with mDAP, we reasoned that the antimicrobial activity of compounds targeting DapE should be abolished in mDAP-containing media. Although l-captopril had modest antimicrobial activity in Escherichia coli and in Salmonella enterica, to our surprise, inhibition of bacterial growth was independent both of mDAP supplementation and DapE over-expression. We conclude that DapE is not the main target of l-captopril inhibition in these bacteria. The methods implemented here will be useful for screening DapE-selective antimicrobial compounds directly in bacterial cultures.

  20. Pharmacogenetic Analysis of Captopril Effects on Blood Pressure: Possible Role of the Ednrb (Endothelin Receptor Type B) Candidate Gene

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Zicha, Josef; Dobešová, Zdenka; Zídek, Václav; Šilhavý, Jan; Šimáková, Miroslava; Mlejnek, Petr; Vaněčková, Ivana; Kuneš, Jaroslav; Pravenec, Michal

    2014-01-01

    Roč. 63, č. 2 (2014), s. 263-265 ISSN 0862-8408 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) LH11049 Institutional support: RVO:67985823 Keywords : captopril * blood pressure * QTL * Ednrb gene * spontaneously hypertensive rat Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology Impact factor: 1.293, year: 2014

  1. Regulation of the instantaneous inward rectifier and the delayed outward rectifier potassium channels by Captopril and Angiotensin II via the Phosphoinositide-3 kinase pathway in volume-overload-induced hypertrophied cardiac myocytes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alvin, Zikiar V; Laurence, Graham G; Coleman, Bernell R; Zhao, Aiqiu; Hajj-Moussa, Majd; Haddad, Georges E

    2011-07-01

    Early development of cardiac hypertrophy may be beneficial but sustained hypertrophic activation leads to myocardial dysfunction. Regulation of the repolarizing currents can be modulated by the activation of humoral factors, such as angiotensin II (ANG II) through protein kinases. The aim of this work is to assess the regulation of IK and IK1 by ANG II through the PI3-K pathway in hypertrophied ventricular myocytes. Cardiac eccentric hypertrophy was induced through volume-overload in adult male rats by aorto-caval shunt (3 weeks). After one week half of the rats were given captopril (2 weeks; 0.5 g/l/day) and the other half served as control. The voltage-clamp and western blot techniques were used to measure the delayed outward rectifier potassium current (IK) and the instantaneous inward rectifier potassium current (IK1) and Akt activity, respectively. Hypertrophied cardiomyocytes showed reduction in IK and IK1. Treatment with captopril alleviated this difference seen between sham and shunt cardiomyocytes. Acute administration of ANG II (10-6M) to cardiocytes treated with captopril reduced IK and IK1 in shunts, but not in sham. Captopril treatment reversed ANG II effects on IK and IK1 in a PI3-K-independent manner. However in the absence of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition, ANG II increased both IK and IK1 in a PI3-K-dependent manner in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes. Thus, captopril treatment reveals a negative effect of ANG II on IK and IK1, which is PI3-K independent, whereas in the absence of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition IK and IK1 regulation is dependent upon PI3-K.

  2. Adubo fosfatado revestido com polímero e calagem na produção e parâmetros morfológicos de milho Polymer-coated phosphate fertilizer and liming on the production and morphological parameters of corn

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cícero Célio de Figueiredo

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available A baixa disponibilidade de fósforo em solos ácidos, como os do Cerrado, exige um manejo eficiente da adubação fosfatada. O uso de tecnologias que aumentem a eficiência de uso do fósforo é uma alternativa que pode ser adotada, desde que se considere a realidade dos solos brasileiros. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da aplicação de adubo fosfatado revestido com polímero, associada à calagem, na produção e parâmetros morfológicos da cultura do milho. O estudo foi conduzido em campo, em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, arranjados em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, com três repetições. Os tratamentos resultaram da combinação de duas fontes de fósforo (MAP convencional e MAP revestido com polímero - Kimcoat® com quatro níveis de saturação por bases (27; 40; 50 e 60%. As fontes de fósforo apresentaram diferenças dependentes dos níveis de saturação por bases. O MAP revestido com polímero promoveu melhor desempenho do milho, quanto à produtividade, produção de matéria seca total e altura de planta, em relação ao MAP convencional. As maiores diferenças foram verificadas nas saturações por bases de 40 e 50%, nas quais o MAP revestido promoveu o incremento na produtividade de grãos de 3,40 e 3,48 t ha-1, respectivamente, em relação ao MAP convencional.The low availability of phosphorus in acid soils, such as those of the Cerrado, requires the efficient management of phosphorus fertilization. The use of technologies that increase the efficiency of phosphorus use is an alternative that can be adopted, provided the reality of Brazilian soils is taken into consideration. This work was carried out to evaluate the effect of polymer-coated phosphate fertilizer associated with liming on the production and morphological parameters of corn crops. The study was conducted in the field, in a red-yellow latosol. The experimental design was of randomized

  3. DESENVOLVIMENTO DE NANOEMULSÕES E NANOCÁPSULAS POLIMÉRICAS CONTENDO TIOCONAZOL E INCORPORAÇÃO EM HIDROGÉIS

    OpenAIRE

    Andréia Pisching Garcia Härter

    2013-01-01

    Este trabalho objetivou o desenvolvimento de nanoemulsões e nanocápsulas poliméricas contendo tioconazol para o tratamento tópico de micoses superficiais. Inicialmente, foi validado um método por cromatografia líquida com detecção UV para quantificação do tioconazol nas formulações nanoestruturadas. O método apresentou-se específico, linear, preciso, exato e robusto. As nanoemulsões e nanocápsulas de PCL contendo o tioconazol (1,0 mg/mL) foram preparadas pelos métodos de emulsificação espontâ...

  4. Influence of chronic renal failure on captopril pharmacokinetics and clinical and biological effects in hypertensive patients.

    OpenAIRE

    Giudicelli, J F; Chaignon, M; Richer, C; Giroux, B; Guedon, J

    1984-01-01

    The pharmacokinetic parameters of unchanged plasma captopril and the kinetics of the drug effects on plasma converting enzyme activity (PCEA), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone (PA) and mean blood pressure (MBP) were studied over 24 h after oral administration in three groups of hypertensive patients: with normal renal function (group 1, plasma creatinine less than 110 mumol/l, n = 10), with moderate chronic renal failure (group 2, 135 less than plasma creatinine less than 450 m...

  5. The critical role of NIR spectroscopy and statistical process control (SPC) strategy towards captopril tablets (25 mg) manufacturing process understanding: a case study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Curtivo, Cátia Panizzon Dal; Funghi, Nathália Bitencourt; Tavares, Guilherme Diniz; Barbosa, Sávio Fujita; Löbenberg, Raimar; Bou-Chacra, Nádia Araci

    2015-05-01

    In this work, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) method was used to evaluate the uniformity of dosage units of three captopril 25 mg tablets commercial batches. The performance of the calibration method was assessed by determination of Q value (0.9986), standard error of estimation (C-set SEE = 1.956), standard error of prediction (V-set SEP = 2.076) as well as the consistency (106.1%). These results indicated the adequacy of the selected model. The method validation revealed the agreement of the reference high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and NIRS methods. The process evaluation using the NIRS method showed that the variability was due to common causes and delivered predictable results consistently. Cp and Cpk values were, respectively, 2.05 and 1.80. These results revealed a non-centered process in relation to the average target (100% w/w), in the specified range (85-115%). The probability of failure was 21:100 million tablets of captopril. The NIRS in combination with the method of multivariate calibration, partial least squares (PLS) regression, allowed the development of methodology for the uniformity of dosage units evaluation of captopril tablets 25 mg. The statistical process control strategy associated with NIRS method as PAT played a critical role in understanding of the sources and degree of variation and its impact on the process. This approach led towards a better process understanding and provided the sound scientific basis for its continuous improvement.

  6. Tempo de reepitelização corneana com a instilação de colírio contendo hialuronato de sódio e carboximetilcelulose

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luciane Bugman Moreira

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o tempo de reepitelização corneana pós abrasão usando colírios comercialmente disponíveis, um contendo hialuronato de sódio a 0,4%, outro contendo carboximetilcelulose a 1%, e comparar com a reepitelização sem instilação de colírio. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 24 coelhos, nos quais foi feita a abrasão mecânica da córnea nos 8 mm centrais. Esses animais foram divididos em três grupos. O primeiro grupo recebeu um colírio disponível comercialmente contendo hialuronato de sódio 0,4%, o segundo recebeu um colírio contendo carboximetilcelulose 1% e o terceiro não recebeu nenhuma droga. A avaliação foi feita a cada 24 horas por meio da análise de fotografias digitais sob luz azul de cobalto e coramento das córneas com fluoresceína a 2%. O estudo das imagens foi feito pelo sistema de análise de imagens do Autocad 2009®. A análise dos dados foi feita comparando o tempo total de reepitelização da córnea e a cada 24 horas entre os três grupos. RESULTADOS: A velocidade de reepitelização do grupo que usou colírio contendo hialuronato de sódio foi em média 90 horas; o grupo que usou carboximetilcelulose apresentou média de 105 horas; e o grupo que não usou nenhum tipo de lubrificante apresentou média de 108 horas para total reepitelização. Houve uma melhor performance na reepitelização após 96 horas nas córneas dos coelhos que usaram os colírios lubrificantes, sendo essa diferença estatisticamente comprovada. CONCLUSÃO: O colírio contendo hialuronato de sódio 0,4% mostrou índice de eficácia maior que aquele contendo carboximetilcelulose 1%, e este maior eficácia que o controle. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo mostram que o uso de lubrificantes no processo de reepitelização são de extrema valia e devem ser usados de rotina na clínica oftalmológica.

  7. Energía de ionización simple en la soldadura con electrodo revestido Simple ionization energy in coated electrode welding

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro García Rodríguez

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar, a la comunidad científica internacional, la concepción de un método de estimación de la energía de ionización simple, indispensable para el establecimiento del plasma térmico necesario para realizar el proceso de soldadura con electrodo revestido. A partir de la síntesis y el análisis de resultados teóricos y experimentales establecidos en la literatura especializada, fue deducido un método de estimación de la energía invertida en el proceso de ionización de determinado porcentaje de los elementos disociados que componen el gas heterogéneo (resultante de la descomposición de la masa de revestimiento en la unidad de tiempo, en función de la temperatura. La eficacia de la función eléctrica del revestimiento posibilita el desarrollo de las funciones metalúrgicas y operativas del consumible, dependiendo de las propiedades físico-químicas de los materiales del revestimiento y sus concentraciones relativas. La determinación de las proporciones exactas de los componentes de las mezclas que integran los revestimientos de los electrodos revestidos, constituye un importante reto tecnológico para los fabricantes, dadas las diferencias de composición química de las materias primas comercializadas y la necesidad de minimizar, integralmente, la relación costo-beneficio del producto. Una adecuada estabilidad eléctrica del proceso es imprescindible para obtener una óptima calidad de la unión soldada.The objective of the present work is to present to the international scientific community the conception of an estimation method of the simple ionization energy, indispensable for the establishment of the thermal plasma needed for covered electrode welding. Starting from the synthesis and the analysis of experimental and theoretical results established in the specialized literature, it was deduced a method for estimating the invested energy in the ionization process of determinate

  8. The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, prevents the hyperactivity and impulsivity of neurokinin-1 receptor gene 'knockout' mice: sex differences and implications for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Porter, Ashley J; Pillidge, Katharine; Grabowska, Ewelina M; Stanford, S Clare

    2015-04-01

    Mice lacking functional neurokinin-1 receptors (NK1R-/-) display behavioural abnormalities resembling attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): locomotor hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattentiveness. The preferred ligand for NK1R, substance P, is metabolised by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), which forms part of the brain renin angiotensin system (BRAS). In view of evidence that the BRAS modulates locomotor activity and cognitive performance, we tested the effects of drugs that target the BRAS on these behaviours in NK1R-/- and wildtype mice. We first tested the effects of the ACE inhibitor, captopril, on locomotor activity. Because there are well-established sex differences in both ADHD and ACE activity, we compared the effects of captopril in both male and female mice. Locomotor hyperactivity was evident in male NK1R-/- mice, only, and this was abolished by treatment with captopril. By contrast, male wildtypes and females of both genotypes were unaffected by ACE inhibition. We then investigated the effects of angiotensin AT1 (losartan) and AT2 (PD 123319) receptor antagonists on the locomotor activity of male NK1R-/- and wildtype mice. Both antagonists increased the locomotor activity of NK1R-/- mice, but neither affected the wildtypes. Finally, we tested the effects of captopril on the performance of male NK1R-/- and wildtype mice in the 5-choice serial reaction-time task (5-CSRTT) and found that ACE inhibition prevented the impulsivity of NK1R-/- mice. These results indicate that certain behaviours, disrupted in ADHD, are influenced by an interaction between the BRAS and NK1R, and suggest that ACE inhibitors could provide a novel treatment for this disorder. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  9. Verificação da atividade antibacteriana de sabonete líquido contendo extrato glicólico de Dimorphandra mollis Benth.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    KETYLIN FERNANDA MIGLIATO

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Dimorphandra mollis Benth., Compositae, falsobarbatimão, é utilizada topicamente como cicatrizante, adstringente e antimicrobiano. No presente estudo, verificou-se a atividade antibacteriana de sabonete líquido contendo extrato glicólico de D. mollis (EGD em diferentes concentrações (8, 15 e 20% e em diferentes pHs (6 e 8. Foram preparadas cinco formulações (F de sabonete: F1 - triclosan (0,1%, F2 - EGD (8%, F3 - EGD (15%, F4 - EGD (20% e F5 - sem conservante. Cascas de D. mollis foram secas em estufa de ar circulante e pulverizadas. Os extratos brutos foram preparados por turbo-extração utilizando-se etanol. Após filtração, os extratos foram concentrados em evaporador rotatório, liofilizados e ressuspendidos em propilenoglicol para a obtenção do extrato glicólico. A atividade antibacteriana foi verificada pelo método de difusão em ágar, empregando cilindros em placa. Placas contendo Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Escherichia coli foram incubadas a 37ºC durante 24 horas. Após incubação, as leituras foram realizadas com paquímetro, observando-se o diâmetro do halo de inibição de crescimento bacteriano. Verificouse que o sabonete líquido contendo triclosan provocou inibição do crescimento bacteriano em ambos os pHs; já os sabonetes sem conservante e contendo EGD, independente da concentração e do pH empregados, não apresentaram atividade antibacteriana. Palavras-chave: Atividade antibacteriana. Sabonete líquido. Dimorphandra mollis Benth.

  10. Utilization of oxidation reactions for the spectrophotometric determination of captopril using brominating agents

    Science.gov (United States)

    El-Didamony, Akram M.; Erfan, Eman A. H.

    2010-03-01

    Three simple, accurate and sensitive methods (A-C) for the spectrophotometric assay of captopril (CPL) in bulk drug, in dosage forms and in the presence of its oxidative degradates have been described. The methods are based on the bromination of captopril with a solution of excess brominating mixture in hydrochloric acid medium. After bromination, the excess brominating mixture is followed by the estimation of surplus bromine by three different reaction schemes. In the first method (A), the determination of the residual bromine is based on its ability to bleach the indigo carmine dye and measuring the absorbance at 610 nm. Method B, involves treating the unreacted bromine with a measured excess of iron(II) and the remaining iron(II) is complexed with 1,10-phenanthroline and the increase in absorbance is measured at 510 nm. In method (C), the surplus bromine is treated with excess of iron(II) and the resulting iron(III) is complexed with thiocyanate and the absorbance is measured at 478 nm. In all the methods, the amount of bromine reacted corresponds to the drug content. The different experimental parameters affecting the development and stability of the color are carefully studied and optimized. Beer's law is valid within a concentration range of 0.4-6.0, 0.4-2.8 and 1.2-4.8 μg mL -1 for methods A, B and C, respectively. The calculated apparent molar absorptivity was found to be 5.16 × 10 4, 9.95 × 10 4 and 1.74 × 10 5 L mol -1 cm -1, for methods A, B and C, respectively. Sandell's sensitivity, correlation coefficients, detection and quantification limits are also reported. No interference was observed from common additives found in pharmaceutical preparations. The proposed methods are successfully applied to the determination of CPL in the tablet formulations with mean recoveries of 99.94-100.11% and the results were statistically compared with those of a reference method by applying Student's t- and F-test.

  11. Análise da prescrição de captopril em pacientes hospitalizados Analysis of the prescription of captopril to hospitalized patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcio Galvão Oliveira

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Uma das complicações mais comuns da hipertensão arterial sistêmica é a crise hipertensiva¹ que se caracteriza por uma elevação sintomática da pressão arterial (PA, com ou sem envolvimento de órgãos-alvo, que pode conduzir a um risco imediato ou potencial de vida2-4. A crise hipertensiva pode se manifestar como emergência ou urgência hipertensiva. Na emergência, há a rápida deterioração de órgãos-alvo e risco imediato de vida, situação que não ocorre na urgência hipertensiva2-4. Além disso, as situações em que o paciente apresenta PA elevada diante de algum evento emocional, doloroso ou desconfortável, sem evidências de lesões de órgãos-alvo ou risco imediato de vida, caracterizam a pseudocrise hipertensiva, condição em que não é necessário o uso da terapia anti-hipertensiva de emergência1-3,5. Apesar disso, tem se tornado comum a prática de prescrever anti-hipertensivos precedendo situações em que se identifica algum risco de elevação abrupta da PA, independentemente de sintomas. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a freqüência de prescrição do captopril precedendo elevação da PA em pacientes internados em um hospital universitário. Pretende também mapear os locais (enfermarias clínicas ou cirúrgicas onde essa conduta foi mais freqüente.One of the most common complications of Systemic Arterial Hypertension is the hypertensive crisis¹ characterized by a symptomatic elevation of blood pressure (BP with or without involvement of target organs, which may lead to immediate or potential risk to life2-4. The hypertensive crisis may manifest itself as hypertensive emergency or urgency. In the emergency there is fast deterioration of target organs and immediate risk to life, a situation that does not occur in hypertensive urgency2-4. On the other hand, situations in which the patient presents elevated BP due to an emotionally charged, painful or uncomfortable event, with no evidence of

  12. The expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NNOS) in brainstem and cerebellum of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR): The effect of chronic captopril treatment

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Hojná, Silvie; Dobešová, Zdenka; Zicha, Josef; Kuneš, Jaroslav

    2005-01-01

    Roč. 46, č. 4 (2005), s. 895-895 ISSN 0194-911X. [Annual Meeting of the European Council for Cardiovascular Research (ECCR) /10./. 14.10.2005-16.10.2005, La Colle sur Loup] R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA305/03/0769 Keywords : nitric oxide synthase * brain * captopril * hypertension Subject RIV: ED - Physiology

  13. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, captopril disrupts the motility activation of sperm from the silkworm, Bombyx mori.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nagaoka, Sumiharu; Kawasaki, Saori; Kawasaki, Hideki; Kamei, Kaeko

    2017-11-01

    Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (also known as peptidyl dicarboxypeptidase A, ACE, and EC 3.4.15.1), which is found in a wide range of organisms, cleaves C-terminal dipeptides from relatively short oligopeptides. Mammalian ACE plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. However, the precise physiological functions of insect ACE homologs have not been understood. As part of our effort to elucidate new physiological roles of insect ACE, we herein report a soluble ACE protein in male reproductive secretions from the silkmoth, Bombyx mori. Seminal vesicle sperm are quiescent in vitro, but vigorous motility is activated by treatment with either a glandula (g.) prostatica homogenate or trypsin in vitro. When seminal vesicle sperm were pre-incubated with captopril, a strong and specific inhibitor of mammalian ACE, and then stimulated to initiate motility by the addition of the g. prostatica homogenate or trypsin, the overall level of acquired motility was reduced in an inhibitor-concentration-dependent manner. In the course of this project, we detected ACE-related carboxypeptidase activity that was inhibited by captopril in both the vesicular (v.) seminalis of the noncopulative male reproductive tract and in the spermatophore that forms in the female bursa copulatrix at the time of mating, just as in an earlier report on the tomato moth, Lacanobia oleracea, which belongs to a different lepidopteran species (Ekbote et al., 2003a). Two distinct genes encoding ACE-like proteins were identified by analysis of B. mori cDNA, and were named BmAcer and BmAcer2, respectively [the former was previously reported by Quan et al. (2001) and the latter was first isolated in this paper]. RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses indicated that the BmAcer2 was predominantly produced in v. seminalis and transferred to the spermatophore during copulation, while the BmAcer was not detected in the adult male reproductive organs. A recombinant protein of BmAcer2 (devoid of a signal

  14. Propriedades ópticas e estruturais de óxido de zinco contendo enxofre

    OpenAIRE

    Gabriela Zanotto Bosshard

    2012-01-01

    Resumo: O objetivo deste projeto foi investigar a síntese de óxido de zinco contendo enxofre obtido a partir de sulfeto de zinco nas fases wurtzita (hexagonal) e blenda de zinco (cúbica), assim como fazer a caracterização e estudar as alterações estruturais e ópticas dos materiais sintetizados e compará-las às propriedades do óxido de zinco sintetizado a partir de hidroxicarbonato de zinco. O método de síntese utilizado permite a obtenção de sulfeto de zinco hexagonal ou cúbico a baixa temper...

  15. Arterial morphology responds differently to Captopril then N-acetylcysteine in a monocrotaline rat model of pulmonary hypertension

    Science.gov (United States)

    Molthen, Robert; Wu, Qingping; Baumgardt, Shelley; Kohlhepp, Laura; Shingrani, Rahul; Krenz, Gary

    2010-03-01

    Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an incurable condition inevitably resulting in death because of increased right heart workload and eventual failure. PH causes pulmonary vascular remodeling, including muscularization of the arteries, and a reduction in the typically large vascular compliance of the pulmonary circulation. We used a rat model of monocrotaline (MCT) induced PH to evaluated and compared Captopril (an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor with antioxidant capacity) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC, a mucolytic with a large antioxidant capacity) as possible treatments. Twenty-eight days after MCT injection, the rats were sacrificed and heart, blood, and lungs were studied to measure indices such as right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), hematocrit, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), vessel morphology and biomechanics. We implemented microfocal X-ray computed tomography to image the pulmonary arterial tree at intravascular pressures of 30, 21, 12, and 6 mmHg and then used automated vessel detection and measurement algorithms to perform morphological analysis and estimate the distensibility of the arterial tree. The vessel detection and measurement algorithms quickly and effectively mapped and measured the vascular trees at each intravascular pressure. Monocrotaline treatment, and the ensuing PH, resulted in a significantly decreased arterial distensibility, increased PVR, and tended to decrease the length of the main pulmonary trunk. In rats with PH induced by monocrotaline, Captopril treatment significantly increased arterial distensibility and decrease PVR. NAC treatment did not result in an improvement, it did not significantly increase distensibility and resulted in further increase in PVR. Interestingly, NAC tended to increase peripheral vascular density. The results suggest that arterial distensibility may be more important than distal collateral pathways in maintaining PVR at normally low values.

  16. PRODUÇÃO DE QUEIJO TIPO QUARK FUNCIONAL CONTENDO EXOPOLISSACARÍDEOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tatia Tie Yuhara

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Alimentos com bactérias probióticas ou prebióticos estão incluídos na categoria de alimentos contendo compostos bioativos que tem despertado interesse devido ao efeito benéfico sobre a saúde. O objetivo do trabalho foi a formulação de produto simbiótico e funcional com bactérias láticas probióticas produtoras de exopolissacarídeos (EPS. Para isto, promoveu-se a fermentação por 24 h a 37 ºC de soro de leite em pó e leite desnatado em duas formulações: “F1” contendo o prebiótico goma acácia e inoculada de bactéria probiótica Lactobacillus casei LC1, e “F2” formulada com inulina como prebiótico e fermentação por L. acidophilus LA5. Nos produtos fermentados foi determinada a quantidade de EPS produzida pelos diferentes probióticos e os valores encontrados foram de 103,5 mg/100g (F1 e 109,2 mg/100g (F2. Verificou-se que os produtos apresentaram estabilidade microbiológica e físico-química com contagens de probióticos ao final de 21 dias de armazenamento refrigerado de 2,5x109 UFC/g, pH 3,98 e 32% de extrato seco total (EST para F1 e 6,0x108 UFC/g, pH 4,16 e 31,5% EST para F2, ausência S. aureus e de coliformes. Conclui-se que o queijo Quark funcional apresentou altas contagens de bactérias láticas probióticas e presença de EPS, níveis estes importantes para a ação como alimentos funcionais e sobrevivência no trato gastrointestinal.

  17. Avaliação do uso do captopril na fibrose peritoneal induzida em ratos pelo uso de solução de glicose a 4,25%

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adriana Fátima Menegat Schuinski

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A Insuficiência Renal Crônica (IRC tem incidência alarmante neste século. A diálise peritoneal, uma das modalidades de terapia renal pode ter complicações, e entre estas a fibrose peritoneal, que ocorre com o decorrer dos anos nestes pacientes. Sua forma mais grave é a chamada peritonite esclerosante encapsulante, levando à mudança de terapia dialítica. OBJETIVO: Estudar a influência do uso do captopril na fibrose peritoneal induzida em ratos pelo uso de solução de glicose a 4,25 %. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo controlado, em ratos Wistar não urêmicos. Foram estudados 20 animais. Os animais foram submetidos diariamente à punção abdominal, sendo infundida solução de diálise peritoneal com glicose a 4,25% na dose de 10 ml/100 g de peso. Os animais foram divididos em 2 grupos: experimental e controle. O grupo experimental recebeu captopril na dose de 30 mg/kg/dia por gavagem. O grupo controle não recebeu nenhuma droga. Foram acompanhados por 21 e 49 dias. Ao final do período foram submetidos à procedimento cirúrgico para retirada de peritônio parietal e visceral. As amostras obtidas foram analisadas histologicamente, usando-se coloração Hematoxilina - Eosina e Sirius Red, para avaliação do grau de fibrose. RESULTADOS: A análise mostrou que a intensidade da fibrose, a espessura do peritônio e o número de células não atingiram diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos experimental e controle. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo mostrou que o uso do captopril não foi capaz de alterar a intensidade da fibrose peritoneal induzida pelo uso de solução de diálise em ratos.

  18. Sensitive kinetic spectrophotometric determination of captopril and ethamsylate in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids.

    Science.gov (United States)

    El-Shabrawy, Y; El-Enany, N; Salem, K

    2004-10-01

    A highly sensitive kinetic spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of captopril (CPL) and ethamsylate (ESL) in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids. The method is based on a catalytic acceleration of the reaction between sodium azide and iodine in an aqueous solution. Concentration range of 0.1-1.5 microg ml(-1) for CPL and 0.3-3 microg ml(-1) for ESL was determined by measuring the decrease in the absorbance of iodine at 348 nm by a fixed time method. The decrease in absorbance after 5 min was markedly correlated to the concentration. The relative standard deviations obtained were 1.30 and 1.87 for CPL and ESL, respectively, in pure forms. Correlation coefficients were 0.9997 and 0.9999 for CPL and ESL, respectively. The detection limits were determined as (S/N = 3) were 20 ng ml(-1) for CPL and 50 ng ml(-1) for ESL. The proposed procedure was successively applied for the determination of both drugs in pharmaceutical preparations and in biological fluids.

  19. Nanostructural drug-inorganic clay composites: Structure, thermal property and in vitro release of captopril-intercalated Mg-Al-layered double hydroxides

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang Hui; Zou Kang; Guo Shaohuan; Duan Xue

    2006-01-01

    A nanostructural drug-inorganic clay composite involving a pharmaceutically active compound captopril (Cpl) intercalated Mg-Al-layered double hydroxides (Cpl-LDHs) with Mg/Al molar ratio of 2.06 has been assembled by coprecipitation method. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and Raman spectra analysis indicate a successful intercalation of Cpl between the layers with a vertical orientation of Cpl disulphide-containing S-S linkage. SEM photo indicates that as-synthesized Cpl-LDHs possess compact and non-porous structure with approximately and linked elliptical shape particles of ca. 50 nm. TG-DTA analyses suggest that the thermal stability of intercalated organic species is largely enhanced due to host-guest interaction involving the hydrogen bond compared to pure form before intercalation. The in vitro release studies show that both the release rate and release percentages markedly decrease with increasing pH from 4.60 to 7.45 due to possible change of release mechanism during the release process. The kinetic simulation for the release data, and XRD and FT-IR analyses for samples recovered from release media indicate that the dissolution mechanism is mainly responsible for the release behaviour of Cpl-LDHs at pH 4.60, while the ion-exchange one is responsible for that at pH 7.45. - Graphical abstract: Based on XRD, FT-IR and Raman spectra analyses, it is suggested that captopril (Cpl) exists as its disulphide metabolites in the interlayer of Mg-Al-LDHs via hydrogen bonding between guest carboxylate function and hydroxyl group of the host layers. A schematic supramolecular structure of Cpl intercalates involving a vertical orientation of Cpl disulphide-containing S-S bond between the layers with carboxylate anions pointing to both hydroxide layers is presented

  20. Colorimetric microdetermination of captopril in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shama, Sayed Ahmed; El-Sayed Amin, Alla; Omara, Hany

    2006-11-01

    A simple, rapid, accurate, precise and sensitive colorimetric method for the determination of captopril (CAP) in bulk sample and in dosage forms is described. The method is based on oxidation of the drug by potassium permanganate in acidic medium and determination of the unreacted oxidant by measuring the decrease in absorbance for five different dyes; methylene blue (MB); acid blue 74 (AB), acid red 73 (AR), amaranth dye (AM) and acid orange 7 (AO) at a suitable λmax (660, 610, 510, 520, and 485 nm), respectively. Regression analysis of Beer's plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges (0.4 12.5, 0.3 10, 0.5 11, 0.4 8.3 and 0.5 9.3 μg ml-1), respectively. The apparent molar absorbtivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantitation limits were calculated. For more accurate results, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges were 0.5 12, 0.5 9.6, 0.6 10.5, 0.5 8.0 and 0.7 9.0 μg ml-1, respectively. The validity of the proposed method was tested by analyzing in pure and dosage forms containing CAP whether alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide. Statistical analysis of the results reflects that the proposed procedures are precise, accurate and easily applicable for the determination of CAP in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations. Also, the stability constant was determined and the free energy change was calculated potentiometrically.

  1. Estabilidad física y química de preparaciones líquidas extemporáneas elaboradas a partir de tabletas de captopril

    OpenAIRE

    Olaya, Maria del Pilar; Muñoz, Ilvar José; Ponce D´León, Luisa Fernanda; Barbosa, Helber; Bautista, Sandra Elizabeth

    2008-01-01

    Se estudió la estabilidad de preparaciones líquidas extemporáneas para administración peroral, elaboradas  a partir de tabletas de captopril de dos marcas comerciales del mercado nacional colombiano, codificadas como A y B, utilizando solventes de uso común en hospitales. Vehículo 1: agua destilada + vitamina C 10 %  (98 % : 2 %), Vehículo 2: dextrosa 10 % en agua destilada + vitamina C 10 % (98 % : 2 %). Las muestras fueron almacenadas a 5 ºC, 25 ºC y 40 ºC. La cuantificación del fármaco se ...

  2. Histologia do fígado de tilápia do Nilo ( Oreochromis niloticus alimentados com dietas contendo silagem biológica de pescado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claucia A. Honorato

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Resumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as possíveis alterações histopatológicas hepática de tilápias do Nilo alimentadas com dietas contendo silagem biológica de pescado com diferentes concentrações protéicas. Foram utilizados 180 juvenis alimentados com dietas contendo três níveis de proteína (20, 24 and 28% PB, e duas proporções de silagem biológica (¼ e ½ durante 75 dias. Os fragementos de fígado foram fixados em Bouin e inclusos em Histosec®. Posteriorente foram cortados em microtomo com espessura de 2 a 5μm. O método utilizado para coloração foi hematoxilina/eosina e PAS. Os cortes histológicos foram analisados em microscopio de luz. O desarranjo na morfologia do fígado dos peixes alimentados com silagem biológica foi influenciado pelos altos níveis protéicos, e pelo aumento ½ de proporções de proteínas de origem animal das dietas. Foi observado que a variação dos hepatócitos está diretamente ligada com o tipo da dieta fornecida para os peixes. Nos peixes alimentados com as dietas contendo 28% PB, o fígado apresentou desarranjo da estrutura cordonal dos hepatócitos, pontos de necrose e deslocamento do núcleo para periferia. Níveis elevados de silagem biológica de pescado provoca alterações deletérias no fígado. O nível de proteína adequado para manter o desenvolvimento associado à saúde do peixe é de 24%PB.

  3. Avaliação da biodisponibilidade relativa de duas formulações contendo levocetirizina em voluntarios sadios

    OpenAIRE

    Milena Rodrigues Morita

    2008-01-01

    Resumo: Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar um método analítico para quantificação de levocetirizina em plasma humano. Além disso, a biodisponibilidade relativa de uma formulação contendo 5 mg de dicloridrato de levocetirizina (formulação teste e formulação referência produzida por Farmalab Indústrias Químicas e Farmacêuticas Ltda.) foi avaliada em trinta e seis voluntários sadios de ambos os sexos. Método: O plano de estudo utilizado foi aberto, randomizado, cruzado com um intervalo de washout d...

  4. Efecto del V y el Si Sobre la Microestructura de Depósitos Realizados con Electrodos Tubulares Revestidos de Alto Contenido de Mn (Hadfield

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuel Rodríguez

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: Las aleaciones para el relleno superficial Fe-Mn-C (Hadfield han demostrado una excelente resistencia al desgaste bajo altas cargas dinámicas. En los últimos años se han realizado numerosos estudios para aumentar la resistencia al desgaste y mejorar su desempeño, a través de la introducción de otros elementos de aleación. En el presente trabajo se investiga la microestructura y dureza de los depósitos de relleno con alto contenido de Mn y adiciones de 1.2% de V y 2.4% de Si. Los depósitos estudiados se realizaron utilizando electrodos tubulares revestidos fabricados a escala de laboratorio. Las fases y microconstituyentes en el metal depositado se identificaron mediante microscopía óptica (MO, electrónica de barrido (MEB, difracción de rayos X (DRX, dureza y microdureza. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, la adición de V al sistema aleante originó que la fase predominante fuera la austenita. Además, contribuyó a la formación de carburos de vanadio (VC en la microestructura de la capa de relleno, sin observarse la presencia de carburos complejos. Por otra parte, la presencia de Si favoreció la formación de una red de ferrita interdendrítica. La adición de estos elementos de aleación mejoró las propiedades de estos depósitos, potencializando su uso en aplicaciones que requieren alta resistencia al desgaste bajo altas cargas.

  5. Análise exploratória aplicada no estudo de medicamentos contendo piroxicam Exploratory analysis applied in study of pharmaceutical formulations with piroxicam

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Graciele Parisotto

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available A identificação de diferentes formulações de medicamentos manipulados contendo piroxicam foi estudada, empregando espectros de reflexão difusa no infravermelho médio com transformada de Fourier (DRIFTS, em associação com a técnica de análise por agrupamentos hierárquicos (AAH. Os espectros de amostras, de 5 diferentes farmácias de manipulação, contendo piroxicam (10 mg e 20 mg e seus respectivos excipientes, foram adquiridos em um espectrofotômetro NICOLET Magna 550, obtendo-se duas réplicas de cada amostra. Para a análise multivariada, as informações espectrais foram tratadas no programa Pirouette® 2.7 da Infometrix, utilizando-se as regiões espectrais 1340 a 1470 cm-1, 1535 a 1680 cm-1, 2800 a 3004 cm-1 e 3290 a 3400 cm-1. Os dendogramas foram construídos com os dados auto-escalados, e correção do espalhamento da luz (MSC, utilizando três tipos de construção: simples, flexível e incremental. Com a aplicação da análise hierárquica de agrupamentos constatou-se a formação de dois grupos distintos, um contendo os princípios ativos, e outro contendo os excipientes. Os resultados demonstram que a técnica DRIFTS em conjunto com análise por agrupamentos hierárquicos constitui uma alternativa para o controle de qualidade dos processos de produção de medicamentos.The identification of different pharmaceutical formulations with piroxicam was studied, using spectra of diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS, in association with hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA technique. The spectra of samples of the 5 different compounding pharmacies, containing 10 or 20 mg of piroxicam and its respective inactive ingredients, had been collected in Nicolet Magna 550 spectrophotometer. For the multivariate analysis, the spectral information had been processed in software package Pirouette® 2.7 of the Infometrix. The dendograms had been constructed with the autoscaled data, and multiplicative scatter

  6. Características de fermentação e composição químico-bromatológica de silagens de capim-tifton 85 confeccionadas com cinco teores de matéria seca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Castro Flávio Geraldo Ferreira

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do emurchecimento e da aplicação de aditivo bacteriano-enzimático (ABE ou ácido propiônico tamponado (APT sobre as características de fermentação e a composição química da silagem de capim-tifton 85 (Cynodon spp. armazenada em forma de fardos retangulares revestidos de filme plástico. Foram confeccionadas cinco silagens (250, 350, 450, 550 e 650 g/kg MS sem aplicação de ABE (SA, três (250, 450 e 650 g/kg MS com aplicação de ABE (CA e uma (650 g/kg MS foi pulverizada com uma solução contendo APT. As amostras foram colhidas nos tempos zero hora antes da ensilagem e 6, 12 horas, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 90 e 180 dias após a ensilagem, para se estabelecer a tendência das características de fermentação e composição química. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições, em parcelas subdivididas no tempo, sendo os tratamentos os fatores das parcelas, arranjados em esquema fatorial 5 x 2 incompleto. O emurchecimento a teores médios de MS (450 g/kg MS favoreceu os parâmetros de fermentação (pH, N-NH3 e poder tampão e a composição química das silagens de capim-tifton 85. O uso de APT não melhorou as características qualitativas de fermentação e a composição química das silagens. A utilização de ABE apresentou mínimos benefícios somente nas silagens contendo elevado teor de matéria seca (650 g/kg MS, sendo ineficiente para forragens contendo alto teor de umidade (250 g/kg MS.

  7. Avaliação de plantas transgênicas de Petunia x hybrida contendo o gene Psag12 - ipt cultivadas sob deficiência nutricional.

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    Francine Lorena Cuquel

    2001-05-01

    Full Text Available Deficiência nutricional em plantas pode causar clorose, necrose, desfolha, redução do crescimento e da produtividade e senescência prematura. Aplicações xógenas de citocinina podem aliviar tais sintomas. Este estudo foi efetuado para avaliar os efeitos da produção auto-regulada de citocinina na tolerância de plantas de petúnia (Petunia x hybrida à deficiência nutricional. Um gene quimérico contendo o promotor SAG12 unido ao gene ipt, o qual codifica a produção de isopentenyl transferase, uma enzima da rota metabólica da biossíntese de citocinina, foi introduzido em petúnia através de transformação mediada por Agrobacterium. Duas plantas contendo o gene ipt foram selecionadas e autopolinizadas para obtenção das linhas a serem submetidas à deficiência nutricional. Ambas as linhas PSAG12–ipt avaliadas foram mais tolerantes à deficiência nutricional que as plantas do tipo selvagem. Os resultados indicam que a produção endógena de citocinina pode aumentar a tolerância das plantas à deficiência nutricional.

  8. Microestrutura, fases cristalinas e propriedades elétricas de porcelanas aluminosas contendo diferentes concentrações de Fe2O3sinterizadas em atmosfera redutora e oxidante

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    D. H. Piva

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available ResumoPorcelanas aluminosas contendo diferentes concentrações de Fe2O3 foram sinterizadas em atmosfera oxidante e redutora. A microestrutura e fases formadas foram investigadas com o auxílio de difração de raios X e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Espectroscopia de impedância foi utilizada para estudar as propriedades elétricas. Os resultados indicaram que todas as amostras apresentaram mulita e coríndon como fases majoritárias e pequenas frações de quartzo. A adição de Fe2O3 provocou o surgimento de hematita nas amostras sinterizadas em atmosfera oxidante e, ferro metálico nas amostras contendo > 3%p sinterizadas em atmosfera redutora. Os espectros de impedância indicam que as características da fase vítrea e interface entre fase vítrea /fases cristalinas regem o comportamento elétrico global das amostras. Não obstante, diferentes atmosferas de queima provocam efeitos opostos na resistividade elétrica das porcelanas contendo Fe2O3. A presença de hematita foi considerada a responsável pela diminuição da resistividade elétrica nas amostras sinterizadas em atmosfera oxidante, enquanto que o aumento na resistividade elétrica das amostras sinterizadas em atmosfera redutora foi atribuído à elevada quantidade de fase vítrea e porosidade. Estes resultados indicam que atmosfera redutora durante a queima pode favorecer o uso de matérias-primas com maiores concentrações de Fe2O3, desde que todo óxido de ferro tenha se dissolvido na fase liquida durante a queima.

  9. Crescimento inicial de mudas de Acacia mangium cultivadas em mantas de fibra de coco contendo substrato de lodo de esgoto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rômulo Fredson Duarte

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento inicial de mudas de Acacia mangium semeadas em "manta" de fibra de coco contendo substrato de lodo de esgoto. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com 13 tratamentos e três repetições, distribuídos em esquema fatorial (6 x 2 + 1 com seis proporções de fibra de coco e resíduo agregante, combinados com substratos com e sem lodo de esgoto, mais o tratamento-controle (terra de subsolo. Foram avaliados o índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE, a percentagem de emergência (EM e a altura das plantas aos 40 e 60 dias após a emergência. O tratamento- controle apresentou melhores resultados em relação ao IVE e EM quando comparado com os tratamentos utilizando "manta" de fibra de coco e resíduo agregante. Não houve diferença entre o controle e os tratamentos com "mantas" em altura das plantas aos 40 e 60 dias. Não foram observadas interações entre o tipo de substrato utilizado no semeio e as diferentes proporções de fibra de coco na "manta". A presença de lodo no substrato não influenciou o IVE e a EM, contudo verificou-se que o substrato sem lodo de esgoto proporcionou maior crescimento em altura das plantas. O uso de "mantas" contendo 50 e 100% de fibra de coco proporcionou maior crescimento às mudas de acácia em condições de campo.

  10. CONSUMO DE NUTRIENTES, DIGESTIBILIDADE IN VIVO E IN VITRO DE DIETAS PARA CÃES CONTENDO POLPA DE CITRUS E FOLHA DE ALFAFA

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    Malafaia Maria Isabel Fonseca Rocha

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Determinaram-se os consumos de nutrientes e a digestibilidade aparente, in vivo e in vitro, em dez cadelas submetidas a uma dieta controle (R0 acrescida de 10 (R10 e 20% (R20 de uma mistura contendo polpa de citros (PC e folhas de feno de alfafa. A digestibilidade foi estimada pela coleta total de fezes e pelo uso das cinzas insolúveis em ácido. Quando expressos em % do peso vivo, os consumos de água, de matéria seca (MS, de matéria orgânica (MO e de proteína bruta (PB diminuiram à medida que os níveis de fibra aumentaram. Entretanto, a digestibilidade da MS, da PB, da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN e do extrato etéreo (EE aumentou com o acréscimo do consumo das fontes fibrosas. A digestibilidade estimada pelos dois métodos resultou em valores cuja diferença não ultrapassou 5 unidades. Houve diferenças nos valores de digestibilidade in vitro quanto à origem do inóculo fecal e os maiores valores foram para as amostras dos ingredientes fibrosos incubados com inóculo oriundo dos animais que estavam ingerindo as dietas contendo as fontes de fibra. A polpa de citros resultou na maior digestibilidade in vitro, enquanto que a ração controle, na menor.

  11. Nota científica: perfil bioquímico de ratos alimentados com iogurte contendo extrato de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil)

    OpenAIRE

    Ril,Franciele Taís; Loch,Camila Ronsoni; Valduga,Alice Teresa; Macedo,Sandra Manoela Dias; Cichoski,Alexandre José

    2011-01-01

    Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do iogurte contendo extrato de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis) e com/sem culturas probióticas sobre o perfil lipídico, glicêmico, hepático e renal de ratos alimentados com esses tipos de iogurtes. Ratos da linhagem Wistar (42) foram divididos em três grupos (n=14), e receberam iogurte sem extrato de erva-mate, iogurte com extrato de erva-mate 0,1% e iogurte com extrato de erva-mate 0,1% e culturas probióticas, durante 30 dias. Não foi observado ...

  12. Quantification of captopril in urine through surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry using 4-mercaptobenzoic acid-capped gold nanoparticles as an internal standard.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Wen-Tsen; Chiang, Cheng-Kang; Lin, Yang-Wei; Chang, Huan-Tsung

    2010-05-01

    We have developed a new internal standard method for the determination of the concentration of captopril (CAP) through surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) using gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). This approach provided linearity for CAP over the concentration range 2.5-25 microM (R(2) = 0.987), with a limit of detection (signal-to-noise ratio = 3) of 1.0 microM. The spot-to-spot variations in the concentration of CAP through SALDI-MS analyses performed in the absence and presence of the internal standard were 26% and 9%, respectively (15 measurements). This approach provides simplicity, accuracy, precision, and great reproducibility to the determination of the levels of CAP in human urine samples. Copyright 2010 American Society for Mass Spectrometry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  13. Emprego do ultra-som modo B e com efeito Doppler, termômetro infravermelho e medidas antropométricas na avaliação de uma formulação cosmética anticelulítica contendo extrato hidroglicólico de Trichilia catigua e Ptychopetalum olacoides Bentham

    OpenAIRE

    Idalina Maria Nunes Salgado Reis dos Santos

    2005-01-01

    Hidrolipodistrofia ginóide (H.L.D.G.), a celulite, é comumente tratada com cosméticos contendo extratos vegetais. O estudo realizado foi: ultra-sonografia na avaliação da espessura da hipoderme e a microcirculação cutânea; uso de termômetro infravermelho na medida da temperatura e análise das medidas antropométricas da uma formulação cosmética anticelulítica contendo extrato hidroglicólico de Trichilia catigua e Ptychopetalum olacoides Bentham (catuaba e marapuama). Foram realizadas medidas i...

  14. A cytochemical study of acid carbohydrates on the surface of Candida lipolytica grown in tween 80-containing medium Estudo citoquímico dos carboidratos ácidos na superfície de Candida lipolytica crescida em meio contendo tween 80

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aline E. Nascimento

    2000-03-01

    Full Text Available Carbohydrate-containing molecules were located on the surface of Candida lipolytica by using ruthenium red in a cytochemical study. The yeast was grown in media containing Tween 80. The surfactant, at 1.0% and 0.5%, was added to the culture medium in different intervals of time, correspondent to the beginning of exponential growth phase, mid of logarithimic phase and beginning of stationary growth phase. Control cultures were grown in a medium containing glucose. The growth of the yeast in media containing glucose and Tween 80 induced changes in the pattern of distribution and location of acid polyssacharides in the cell wall of the microorganism. In adition, the pattern also changed according to Tween 80 concentration. The influence of Tween 80 on cellular carbohydrate expression is discussed.Moléculas contendo resíduos de açúcares foram localizadas sobre a superfície de Candida lipolytica utilizando-se o vermelho de rutênio como marcador citoquímico. A levedura foi semeada em meio contendo Tween 80. O surfactante, nas concentrações de 1,0% e 0,5%, foi adicionado ao meio de cultivo em diferentes intervalos de tempo, correspondentes ao início da fase exponencial de crescimento, meio da fase logarítmica e final da fase exponencial de crescimento, Culturas-controles foram cultivadas em meio contendo glicose como fonte de carbono. O crescimento da levedura em meios contendo glicose ou Tween 80 induziu o surgimento de alterações na distribuição e na localização de polissacarídeos ácidos na parede celular do organismo. Células crescidas em glicose ou Tween 80 exibiram variações citoquímicas em função de sua fase de crescimento. Adicionalmente, o padrão de marcação citoquímica também sofreu variações de acordo com a concentração do surfactante. A influência do surfactante na expressão de carboidratos é discutida.

  15. The use of response surface methodology in the evaluation of captopril microparticles manufactured using an oil in oil solvent evaporation technique.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Khamanga, Sandile Maswazi; Walker, Roderick B

    2012-01-01

    Captopril (CPT) microparticles were manufactured by solvent evaporation using acetone (dispersion phase) and liquid paraffin (manufacturing phase) with Eudragit® and Methocel® as coat materials. Design of experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) approaches were used to optimize the process. The microparticles were characterized based on the percent of drug released and yield, microcapsule size, entrapment efficiency and Hausner ratio. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and in vitro dissolution studies were conducted. The microcapsules were spherical, free-flowing and IR and DSC thermograms revealed that CPT was stable. The percent drug released was investigated with respect to Eudragit® RS and Methocel® K100M, Methocel® K15M concentrations and homogenizing speed. The optimal conditions for microencapsulation were 1.12 g Eudragit® RS, 0.67 g Methocel® K100M and 0.39 g Methocel® K15M at a homogenizing speed of 1643 rpm and 89% CPT was released. The value of RSM-mediated microencapsulation of CPT was elucidated.

  16. Efeito antioxidante do captopril e a influência da via de sinalização de PKC na produção de EROS induzida por Bradicinina no modelo experimental de diabetes mellitus tipo 1

    OpenAIRE

    Araújo, Glaucy Rodrigues de

    2011-01-01

    O diabetes é uma doença que acomete milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo e tem sido alvo de muitos estudos. As complicações no diabetes, como a cardiomiopatia e o estresse oxidativo aumentado são importantes focos de estudo e são responsáveis em grande parte pelo aumento na morbidade e mortalidade associado à doença. Drogas anti-hipertensivas, principalmente aquelas que bloqueiam o sistema renina-angiotensina, como o captopril, são utilizadas com freqüência para o tratamento de diabetes, contri...

  17. Histological study on acute inflammatory reaction to polyurethane-coated silicone implants in rats Estudo histológico da reação inflamatória aguda ao implante de silicone revestido com poliuretano em ratos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo Roberto da Silva Mendes

    2008-02-01

    Full Text Available PURPOSE: Evaluating histologically the silicone peri-implant coated by polyurethane inflammation associated to the use of anti-microbial and bacterial contamination. METHODS: It was used 35 Wistar rats. The animals were divided in seven groups: I - Control; II - implant cavity contamination with10 bacteria/ml; III - implant cavity contamination with 10 bacteria/ml; IV - implant cavity contamination with 10 bacteria/ml; V - identical contamination to group II and implant immersions in anti-microbial solution; VI - identical contamination in group III and implant immersions in the anti-microbial solution; VII - identical contamination of group IV and implant immersions in anti-microbial solution. It was evaluated morphometrically the peri-implant capsules after 30 days of introduction. RESULTS: The factors with more discriminating power were the giants cells of a strange body and the mononuclear. There was no correlation between the bacterial concentrations and the histological alterations. CONCLUSION: 1 The histological standard of the inflammatory reaction around the silicone implant coated with polyurethan is chronic granulomatosis type of a strange body; 2 There isn´t correlation between concentration of Staphylococcus epidermidis and histological changes; 3 The use of anti-microbial solution decreased the mononuclear cell reactions, with the increase of giant cells in a strange body.OBJETIVO: Avaliar, histologicamente, a reação inflamatória aos implantes de silicone revestidos por poliuretano, com contaminação bacteriana, associada ou não ao uso de antimicrobianos. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se 35 ratos Wistar. Os animais foram divididos em 7 grupos: I- Controle, II- contaminação da cavidade do implante com 10¹ bactérias/ml, III- contaminação da cavidade do implante com 10³ bactérias/ml, IV- contaminação da cavidade do implante com 10(5 bactérias/ml, V- contaminação idêntica ao grupo II e imersão dos implantes em solu

  18. Nanocompósitos poliméricos de polietileno de alta densidade contendo hidróxidos duplos lamelares intercalados com ânions derivados de corantes azo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ademir Zimmermann

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho descreve a síntese e caracterização de hidróxidos duplos lamelares (HDL de Zn/Al na razão molar 2:1, os quais foram intercalados com íons cloreto hidratados e ânions derivados dos corantes azo alaranjado de metila (AM e alaranjado II (AII. Após caracterização, os materiais foram utilizados como cargas em polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD e nanocompósitos foram preparados por extrusão e injeção, seguindo a norma ASTM D638-10. Os teores de cargas variaram de 0,1 até 2% (incluindo-se os sais de sódio dos corantes e os nanocompósitos homogêneos foram avaliados em relação as suas propriedades estruturais, térmicas e mecânicas. De modo geral, após a adição das cargas existe somente uma pequena influência na temperatura de fusão e cristalização do PEAD. Para os HDLs contendo o pigmento intercalado com o ânion do corante AM e sais de sódio de ambos os corantes, as propriedades mecânicas apresentaram leve aumento do módulo e tensão de ruptura e diminuição do alongamento em relação ao polímero puro e um comportamento inverso foi observado para o ânion AII, além do HDL contendo ânions cloreto hidratados.

  19. Efeito de soluções fluoretadas contendo xilitol e sorbitol no número de estreptococos do grupo mutans na saliva de seres humanos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gonçalves Nilza Cristina Lopes Afonso de Valor

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito de soluções de fluoreto de sódio a 0,05% contendo 2,5% ou 12,5% de xilitol no número de estreptococos do grupo mutans presentes na saliva. Participaram do estudo duplo cego, do tipo cruzado, 50 meninos entre 8 e 16 anos, distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos. Destes, 33 finalizaram o estudo. As soluções utilizadas foram: solução placebo; solução de fluoreto de sódio a 0,05%; solução de fluoreto de sódio a 0,05% + 2,5% xilitol + 2% sorbitol; solução de fluoreto de sódio a 0,05% + 12,5% xilitol + 2% sorbitol. Os indivíduos utilizaram 20 mL de uma das soluções, duas vezes ao dia. Cada solução foi utilizada por um período experimental de 28 dias. Os períodos experimentais foram intercalados por períodos de descanso de 10 dias. As soluções contendo xilitol a 2,5% e 12,5% não apresentaram diferença significativa (P = 0,32 em termos do logaritmo do número de estreptococos do grupo mutans. No entanto, a diferença foi significativa quando essas soluções foram comparadas às soluções de fluoreto de sódio e placebo (P < 0,001. Os resultados sugerem que a solução de fluoreto de sódio a 0,05% com adição de xilitol a 2,5% ou 12,5% reduziu significativamente o número de estreptococos do grupo mutans.

  20. The use of experimental design for the development of a capillary zone electrophoresis method for the quantitation of captopril.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mukozhiwa, S Y; Khamanga, S M M; Walker, R B

    2017-09-01

    A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method for the quantitation of captopril (CPT) using UV detection was developed. Influence of electrolyte concentration and system variables on electrophoretic separation was evaluated and a central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the method. Variables investigated were pH, molarity, applied voltage and capillary length. The influence of sodium metabisulphite on the stability of test solutions was also investigated. The use of sodium metabisulphite prevented degradation of CPT over 24 hours. A fused uncoated silica capillary of 67.5cm total and 57.5 cm effective length was used for analysis. The applied voltage and capillary length affected the migration time of CPT significantly. A 20 mM phosphate buffer adjusted to pH 7.0 was used as running buffer and an applied voltage of 23.90 kV was suitable to effect a separation. The optimized electrophoretic conditions produced sharp, well-resolved peaks for CPT and sodium metabisulphite. Linear regression analysis of the response for CPT standards revealed the method was linear (R2 = 0.9995) over the range 5-70 μg/mL. The limits of quantitation and detection were 5 and 1.5 μg/mL. A simple, rapid and reliable CZE method has been developed and successfully applied to the analysis of commercially available CPT products.

  1. Avaliação da estabilidade e atividade antioxidante de uma emulsão base não-iônica contendo resveratrol

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcela Kist Lange

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available Vários são os fatores que podem ocasionar a instabilidade de uma emulsão, destacando-se a oxidação, reação prevenida pelo emprego de antioxidantes. O butil-hidróxi-tolueno (BHT tem sido um dos antioxidantes sintéticos mais utilizados em formulações cosméticas, porém, a busca da indústria farmacêutica e cosmética pelo emprego de produtos de origem natural tem sido cada vez maior. Visto isso, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi a incorporação do resveratrol, um composto fenólico encontrado principalmente em uvas bem como em vinhos tintos, em uma emulsão base não-iônica para avaliação do perfil de estabilidade e atividade antioxidante em comparação a uma emulsão base não-iônica contendo o BHT. O perfil de estabilidade foi analisado pela observação das características organolépticas, determinação do pH e espalhabilidade, e atividade antioxidante através do teste com o radical livre 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazila (DPPH. Em relação à estabilidade, a altas temperaturas, a emulsão contendo BHT mostrou-se superior à emulsão contendo resveratrol. Pela análise da atividade antioxidante, o resveratrol tanto na sua forma de extrato seco, como quando incorporado na emulsão, demonstrou significativa superioridade em relação ao BHT, podendo ser sua utilização uma alternativa viável em preparações cosméticas, devido ao seu grande potencial antioxidante.There are several factors that can lead to the instability of an emulsion, highlighting the oxidation, a reaction prevented by the use of antioxidants. The butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT has been one of the most used synthetic antioxidants in cosmetic formulations; however, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries have shown considerable interest regarding the search for the use of natural products. Based on this, the objective of this work was the incorporation of resveratrol, a natural phenolic compound found mainly in grapes as well as in red wines, into a non

  2. The effect of captopriland amlodipine on C-reactive protein concentrations in type 2 diabetic hypertensive patients

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mahmood, I.H.

    2008-01-01

    To compare the effects of the ACE inhibitor captopril with the calcium channel blocker amlodipine on serum CRP concentrations in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients. This is a case control study conducted in Al-Wafa Diabetic Center in Mosul. Serum CRP concentrations were measured in two groups of hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients before and after drug administration (group 1 on captopril therapy, group two on amlodipine therapy). A significant reduction of serum CRP level was demonstrated after treatment with captopril but not with amlodipine. Mean CRP concentration of the control group was statistically lower than those of captopril and amlodipine groups. The present study showed that hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients are associated with increased level of CRP and therapy with captopril but not amlodipine significantly reduced CRP, suggesting a possible anti-inflammatory action of captopril in addition to its BP lowering effects thus captopril may be regarded as the drug of choice in the treatment of BP in diabetic hypertensive patients. (author)

  3. Dietas para frangos de corte contendo quirera de arroz Performance of broiler feed with broken rice in diets

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Berilo de Souza Brum Júnior

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available O experimento foi realizado para avaliar o uso da quirera de arroz na dieta de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 240 pintos machos, alojados em galpão, contendo 12 boxes de 2m² de área. Cada box continha comedouro tubular, bebedouro pendular e campânula nos 21 dias iniciais. As aves foram distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos e quatro repetições, as quais receberam dietas contendo 0, 20 e 40% de inclusão de quirera de arroz. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de regressão e à análise de variância e, quando houve diferença, aplicou-se o teste de Tukey. O ganho de peso, o consumo de ração e a conversão alimentar de 1-21, 1-35 e 1-42 dias (P>0,05 não foram afetados pela substituição do milho por quirera de arroz. A umidade de cama, o índice de eficiência produtivo, o rendimento de carcaça quente, de fígado, coração, coxa, sobre-coxa e peito não apresentaram diferença (P>0,05. No entanto, os rendimentos de moela, bem como a pigmentação da canela e do bico, diminuíram linearmente com o aumento do nível de quirera de arroz na dieta. Conclui-se que a quirera de arroz pode ser incluída nas dieta, substituindo o milho, para frangos de corte.An experiment was carried to evaluate the performance of broilers fed with diferent levels of broken rice. The experiment was conducted with 240 males broilers chicks, Cobb 500, were distributed in floor pens of 2m² each, with one tubular feeder, one pendular drinker, an electrical brooder and on the top of rice hulls. An entirely randomized experimental design was used, with 3 treatments and 4 replicates with 20 birds each, which received, diets containing 0, 20 and 40% of broken rice. Data were submitted to Analisis of regression. Weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion to the1- 21, 1- 35 and 1-42 days of age, litter humidity, carcass, liver, breast, thigh and drumstick yield did not present significant difference. The gizzard and the

  4. Metodologias para determinação da digestibilidade de dietas contendo fontes proteicas vegetal ou animal em cães Methodology for determination of digestibility of diets containing vegetable or animal protein sources in dogs

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    Carolina Pedro Zanatta

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar diferentes metodologias de determinação da digestibilidade em cães, alimentados com duas dietas contendo fontes proteicas animal (farinha de vísceras de aves - FVA e vegetal (farelo de soja - FS. As metodologias avaliadas foram: colheita total de fezes (CTF e os indicadores cinza insolúvel em ácido (CIA, fibra em detergente ácido (FDA e fibra bruta (FB. Foram utilizados 8 cães adultos, em delineamento Cross over, em parcela subdividida no tempo (parcela: fontes proteicas; e subparcela: metodologias de digestibilidade. O período experimental foi constituído por cinco dias de adaptação, com cinco dias de colheita total de fezes. A dieta contendo FS apresentou maior CDA da PB, enquanto a dieta contendo FVA apresentou maior CDA dos demais nutrientes e energia metabolizável (EM. Os CDA e EM determinados pela CTF e pelos indicadores não diferiram entre si, podendo ser determinados pelos indicadores FB, FDA e CIA, independentemente da fonte proteica da dieta.The objective was to evaluate different methods of measuring digestibility in dogs fed two diets containing animal (poultry by products - PBP and vegetable (soybean meal - SBM protein sources. The methods evaluated were: total fecal collection (TFC and indicators: acid insoluble ash (AIA, acid detergent fiber (ADF and crude fiber (CF. Eight dogs were distributed in Cross Over in split plots (plot: sources of protein; subplot: methods for digestibility, fed by five days of adaptation and five days of total fecal collection. The diet containing SBM had a higher ADC of CP, while the diet containing POM showed higher ADC of all nutrients and metabolizable energy (ME. The ADC and ME determined by the TFC and the indicators did not differ. Thus, the ADC of diets in dogs can be determined by TFC and CF, ADF and AIA indicators, regardless of source of dietary protein.

  5. ACE inhibition is superior to angiotensin receptor blockade for renography in renal artery stenosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Karanikas, Georgios; Becherer, Alexander; Wiesner, Karoline; Dudczak, Robert; Kletter, Kurt

    2002-01-01

    Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors as well as angiotensin II receptor antagonists are able to prevent the vasoconstrictive effect of angiotensin II on the efferent renal vessels, which is believed to play an important role in renovascular hypertension. This effect is assumed to be essential for the demonstration of renovascular hypertension by captopril renography. In this study, renographic changes induced by captopril and the AT1 receptor antagonist valsartan were compared in patients with a high probability for renovascular hypertension. Twenty-five patients with 33 stenosed renal arteries (grade of stenosis >50%) and hypertension were studied. Captopril, valsartan and baseline renography were performed within 48 h using technetium-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine. Blood pressure was monitored, plasma renin concentration before and after intervention was determined and urinary flow was estimated from the urinary output of the hydrated patients. Alterations in renographic curves after intervention were evaluated according to the Santa Fe consensus on ACE inhibitor renography. Captopril renography was positive, indicating renovascular hypertension, in 25 of the 33 stenosed vessels, whereas valsartan renography was positive in only ten. Blood pressure during captopril and valsartan renography was not different; reduction in blood pressure was the same after valsartan and captopril. Plasma renin concentration was comparable for valsartan and captopril studies, showing suppressed values after intervention in as many as 12 of the 25 patients. Urinary flow after valsartan was higher than after captopril (P<0.05). However, this difference could not explain the markedly higher sensitivity of captopril compared with valsartan in demonstrating renal artery stenosis. In 14 of the 25 patients, blood pressure response to revascularisation was monitored, showing a much better predictive value for captopril renography. It is concluded that captopril renography is much

  6. ACE inhibition is superior to angiotensin receptor blockade for renography in renal artery stenosis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Karanikas, Georgios; Becherer, Alexander; Wiesner, Karoline; Dudczak, Robert; Kletter, Kurt [Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Vienna (Austria)

    2002-03-01

    Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors as well as angiotensin II receptor antagonists are able to prevent the vasoconstrictive effect of angiotensin II on the efferent renal vessels, which is believed to play an important role in renovascular hypertension. This effect is assumed to be essential for the demonstration of renovascular hypertension by captopril renography. In this study, renographic changes induced by captopril and the AT1 receptor antagonist valsartan were compared in patients with a high probability for renovascular hypertension. Twenty-five patients with 33 stenosed renal arteries (grade of stenosis >50%) and hypertension were studied. Captopril, valsartan and baseline renography were performed within 48 h using technetium-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine. Blood pressure was monitored, plasma renin concentration before and after intervention was determined and urinary flow was estimated from the urinary output of the hydrated patients. Alterations in renographic curves after intervention were evaluated according to the Santa Fe consensus on ACE inhibitor renography. Captopril renography was positive, indicating renovascular hypertension, in 25 of the 33 stenosed vessels, whereas valsartan renography was positive in only ten. Blood pressure during captopril and valsartan renography was not different; reduction in blood pressure was the same after valsartan and captopril. Plasma renin concentration was comparable for valsartan and captopril studies, showing suppressed values after intervention in as many as 12 of the 25 patients. Urinary flow after valsartan was higher than after captopril (P<0.05). However, this difference could not explain the markedly higher sensitivity of captopril compared with valsartan in demonstrating renal artery stenosis. In 14 of the 25 patients, blood pressure response to revascularisation was monitored, showing a much better predictive value for captopril renography. It is concluded that captopril renography is much

  7. Desempenho de vacas em lactação alimentadas com dietas contendo torta de macaúba

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R.A. Azevedo

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available Avaliaram-se o consumo de nutrientes e a produção e composição do leite de vacas da raça Holandesa alimentadas com dietas contendo diferentes quantidades de inclusão de torta de macaúba. Oito animais foram distribuídos em dois quadrados latinos 4x4, sendo quatro tratamentos, 0, 100, 200 e 300g kg-1 de TM na matéria seca da dieta, e quatro períodos experimentais de 21 dias, 14 de adaptação e sete de avaliações. A adição de quantidades crescentes de torta de macaúba à dieta alterou o consumo de matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, fibra em detergente neutro, carboidratos não fibrosos, produção e os teores de lactose, extrato seco desengordurado e sólidos totais do leite, bem como a eficiência alimentar e a digestibilidade da matéria seca. Por outro lado, não foi verificada diferença nos teores de gordura do leite. A adição da TM em até 300g kg-1 da dieta comprometeu o consumo e o desempenho produtivo dos animais.

  8. CUSP9* treatment protocol for recurrent glioblastoma: aprepitant, artesunate, auranofin, captopril, celecoxib, disulfiram, itraconazole, ritonavir, sertraline augmenting continuous low dose temozolomide.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kast, Richard E; Karpel-Massler, Georg; Halatsch, Marc-Eric

    2014-09-30

    CUSP9 treatment protocol for recurrent glioblastoma was published one year ago. We now present a slight modification, designated CUSP9*. CUSP9* drugs--aprepitant, artesunate, auranofin, captopril, celecoxib, disulfiram, itraconazole, sertraline, ritonavir, are all widely approved by regulatory authorities, marketed for non-cancer indications. Each drug inhibits one or more important growth-enhancing pathways used by glioblastoma. By blocking survival paths, the aim is to render temozolomide, the current standard cytotoxic drug used in primary glioblastoma treatment, more effective. Although esthetically unpleasing to use so many drugs at once, the closely similar drugs of the original CUSP9 used together have been well-tolerated when given on a compassionate-use basis in the cases that have come to our attention so far. We expect similarly good tolerability for CUSP9*. The combined action of this suite of drugs blocks signaling at, or the activity of, AKT phosphorylation, aldehyde dehydrogenase, angiotensin converting enzyme, carbonic anhydrase -2,- 9, -12, cyclooxygenase-1 and -2, cathepsin B, Hedgehog, interleukin-6, 5-lipoxygenase, matrix metalloproteinase -2 and -9, mammalian target of rapamycin, neurokinin-1, p-gp efflux pump, thioredoxin reductase, tissue factor, 20 kDa translationally controlled tumor protein, and vascular endothelial growth factor. We believe that given the current prognosis after a glioblastoma has recurred, a trial of CUSP9* is warranted.

  9. Comportamento ingestivo de cordeiros e digestibilidade dos nutrientes de dietas contendo alta proporção de concentrado e diferentes fontes de fibra em detergente neutro Lamb feeding behavior and nutrient digestibility of high concentrate diets with different neutral detergent fiber sources

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    Clayton Quirino Mendes

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available Dois experimentos foram realizados para avaliar os efeitos da substituição da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar in natura pela FDN da casca de soja em dietas com alta proporção de concentrado sobre o comportamento ingestivo de cordeiros e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes. No primeiro experimento, 60 cordeiros com 16,4 ± 0,3 kg de peso corporal e idade inicial de 67 ± 2 dias foram distribuídos em delineamento de blocos completos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 × 2 + 1, composto de duas fontes de FDN (bagaço de cana in natura ou casca de soja, dois teores de FDN (14 ou 18% e uma dieta controle contendo 100% de concentrado. No segundo experimento, cinco cordeiros foram distribuídos em quadrado latino 5 × 5 e submetidos às mesmas dietas do experimento 1. As dietas contendo as fontes de fibra promoveram maior consumo de matéria seca, matéria orgânica e FDN e maior tempo de ingestão, ruminação e mastigação (minutos/dia em comparação à dieta contendo 100% de concentrado. As dietas contendo o bagaço de canade-açúcar in natura proporcionaram maior atividade de ruminação que aquelas com casca de soja. Entretanto, a utilização da casca de soja proporcionou menor atividade de mastigação e maior digestibilidade dos nutrientes em relação ao bagaço de cana-de-açúcar in natura. A casca de soja pode ser utilizada como única fonte adicional de FDN em dietas contendo alto teor de concentrado para cordeiros.Two experiments were performed to determine the effects of replacing the neutral detergent fiber from sugarcane bagasse with soybean hulls neutral detergent fiber in high concentrate diets on lamb feeding behavior and apparent nutrient digestibility. In the first experiment, 60 ram lambs with 16.4 ± 0.3 kg body weight and 67 ± 2 days old were allotted to a complete randomized block design as a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement of treatments, consisting of two neutral detergent fiber sources

  10. Comportamento de cura de adesivo epoxídico contendo grupo mercaptana avaliado por espectroscopia no infravermelho (MIR/NIR e calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC Cure behavior of epoxy adhesive containig mercaptan group evaluated by infrared spectroscopy (MIR/NIR and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hilzette P. C. Andrade

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available No presente trabalho, a flexibilidade de um adesivo epoxídico contendo diglicidiléter de bisfenol A (DGEBA e dietilenotriamina (DETA como agente de cura foi modificada pela adição de um segundo componente contendo grupos mercaptana (CAPCURE. A adição de amianto ao adesivo contendo CAPCURE também foi avaliada. As reações entre os grupos epoxídicos e os grupos amina, assim como entre os grupos epoxídicos e os grupos mercaptana, foram estudadas nas regiões espectrais do infravermelho médio (MIR e próximo (NIR. Observou-se que o amianto não interfere nas reações de cura e que a espectroscopia FT-NIR evidencia melhor as alterações espectrométricas ocorridas durante as reações em relação à análise FT-MIR. O tempo das reações de cura foi monitorado por calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC, observando-se que a introdução do CAPCURE acelerou a cura da resina. A energia de ativação (Ea das reações de cura foi obtida pelos métodos de Barrett e Borchardt-Daniels. Os adesivos contendo CAPCURE mostraram Ea em torno de 30 kJ.mol-1, enquanto o adesivo DGEBA/DETA apresentou Ea de 46 kJ.mol-1, ambas calculadas pelo método de Barrett.In the present work, the flexibility of an epoxy adhesive containing diglycidylether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA and diethylenetriamine (DETA as curing agent was changed by the addition of a second component containing mercaptan groups (CAPCURE. The addition of asbestos as a filler in the adhesive containing CAPCURE was also evaluated. Epoxy-amine and epoxy-mercaptan reactions were studied in NIR and MIR spectral regions. The filler addition did not cause influence on the cure reactions and spectrometric changes of cure reactions could be better observed by FT-NIR than FT-MIR analysis. The cure reaction time was monitored by DSC experiments and it was observed that the introduction of CAPCURE accelerated the cure reaction. The activation energies (Ea of curing reactions were obtained using Barrett

  11. Aspectos fundamentais no desenvolvimento de sistemas microemulsionados contendo anfotericina B para uso oftálmico

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    Walteçá Louis Lima Silveira

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available A exemplo do que ocorre com outros fármacos, a biodisponibilidade da anfotericina B (AmB através da via ocular repreesenta um grande desafio para a pesquisa científica. Na verdade, a baixa biodisponibilidade apresentada por tal molécula é devido, principalmente, a presença das barreiras oculares que impedem a absorção deste fármaco para os tecidos internos. A toxicidade associada a este fármaco, assim como a sua baixa capacidade em permear a córnea íntegra também consiste em um problema associado ao seu uso clínico. Novos veículos seguros e eficazes para a liberação ocular da AmB são, portanto, necessários. As microemulsões (MEs aparecem como um interessante sistema devido à sua transparência, estabilidade termodinâmica e favorável viscosidade. O conhecimento do processo de formação das MEs contendo AmB, assim como a compreensão de toda a sua caracterização físicoquímica correspondem a aspectos importantes para se determinar as condições favoráveis para que estes sistemas venham a ser empregados como colírios. Esta revisão tem como objetivo, portanto, abordar este tema enfatizando os principais aspectos relacionados com a utilização de MEs como sistemas de liberação para a AmB através da via tópica oftálmica.

  12. Avaliação in situ de um dentifrício contendo MFP/DCPD na incorporação de flúor e remineralização do esmalte dental humano

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    KOO Hyun

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar in situ a efetividade de um dentifrício contendo monofluorfosfato (MFP e sistema abrasivo fosfodicálcio diidratado (DCPD, quando comparado com dentifrício placebo. O estudo foi do tipo cross-over com oito voluntários em duas etapas de 45 dias. Os voluntários utilizaram dispositivo intra-oral palatino de resina acrílica contendo 4 blocos de esmalte com lesão de cárie artificial. Após cada etapa, foi analisada a incorporação de flúor (flúor total em ppm F e microdureza (em Knoop dos blocos de esmalte dental. Os resultados obtidos (média ± E.P. das áreas integradas sob as curvas demonstraram que a concentração de flúor incorporado no esmalte tratado com dentifrício MFP/DCPD foi significativamente maior que no placebo (4.508,55 ± 965,82 e 1.485,51 ± 191,72, respectivamente e os dados de microdureza demonstraram que o dentifrício MFP/DCPD foi capaz de remineralizar o esmalte dental em 34%, enquanto no placebo observou-se perda de 14% de mineral. Assim, os dados obtidos deste estudo demonstraram que o dentifrício MFP/DCPD foi efetivo não apenas na incorporação de flúor no esmalte, mas também na capacidade de remineralizar a lesão de cárie, quando comparado com o placebo.

  13. Desenvolvimento e estudos de estabilidade de cremes e géis contendo sementes e extratos do bagaço da uva Isabel (Vitis labrusca L.

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    JOãO RONALDO N. FERREIRA

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available No cenário mundial, inúmeras indústrias de cosméticos buscam a inovação, utilizando-se de matérias-primas de origens diversificadas, principalmente oriundas de vegetais, representando uma alternativa de substituição de materiais sintéticos por naturais. Com esse intuito, no presente estudo, realizou-se o desenvolvimento e a avaliação da estabilidade de emulsões e géis contendo extratos e sementes do bagaço da uva Isabel (Vitis labrusca L., uma espécie de uva rica em compostos fenólicos e flavonoides com grande atividade antioxidante. Com isso, buscou-se evidenciar o período em que os produtos mantiveram suas propriedades físico-químicas, frente a variações climáticas forçadas em estudos acelerados, durante o período de armazenamento. Foram preparados cremes contendo 5 e 10% de extrato glicólico do bagaço da uva e géis contendo 10% de sementes trituradas, sendo acondicionados em condições ambientais distintas e avaliados, através de testes físico-químicos, no período de 60 dias. Durante esse período, não foram evidenciados sinais de instabilidade físico-química nos cremes analisados frente às condições testadas. No entanto, o gel apresentou leve alteração da cor e do odor, sugerindo a necessidade de estabilização físico-química de seus constituintes naturais com a adição de antioxidantes. Palavras-chave: Antioxidante. Esfoliante. Estabilidade. Uva Isabel. Vitis labrusca L. ABSTRACT Development and testing of the stability of creams and gels containing extracts of the pomace and seeds of Isabel grapes (Vitis labrusca L. Numerous cosmetic companies around the world seek innovation, using raw materials of various origins, mainly derived from plants, as natural alternatives to synthetic materials. With this in mind, this study was carried out to develop and test the stability of emulsions and gels, respectively containing extracts of pomace and seeds of Isabel grape (Vitis labrusca L., a

  14. Ontogenetic role of angiontensin-converting enzyme in rats: thirst and sodium appetite evaluation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mecawi, André S; Araujo, Iracema G; Rocha, Fábio F; Coimbra, Terezila M; Antunes-Rodrigues, José; Reis, Luís C

    2010-01-12

    We investigated the influence of captopril (an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) treatment during pregnancy and lactation period on hydromineral balance of the male adult offspring, particularly, concerning thirst and sodium appetite. We did not observe significant alterations in basal hydromineral (water intake, 0.3M NaCl intake, volume and sodium urinary concentration) or cardiovascular parameters in adult male rats perinatally treated with captopril compared to controls. However, male offspring rats that perinatally exposed to captopril showed a significant attenuation in water intake induced by osmotic stimulation, extracellular dehydration and beta-adrenergic stimulation. Moreover, captopril treatment during perinatal period decreased the salt appetite induced by sodium depletion. This treatment also attenuated thirst and sodium appetite aroused during inhibition of peripheral angiotensin II generation raised by low concentration of captopril in the adult offspring. Interestingly, perinatal exposure to captopril did not alter water or salt intake induced by i.c.v. administration of angiotensin I or angiotensin II. These results showed that chronic inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme during pregnancy and lactation modifies the regulation of induced thirst and sodium appetite in adulthood.

  15. Angiotensin converting enzyme in the brain, testis, epididymis, pituitary gland and adrenal gland

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Strittmatter, S.M.

    1986-01-01

    [ 3 H]Captopril binds to angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in rat tissue homogenates. The pharmacology, regional distribution and copurification of [ 3 H]captopril binding with enzymatic activity demonstrate the selectivity of [ 3 H]captopril labeling of ACE. [ 3 H]Captopril binding to purified ACE reveals differences in cationic dependence and anionic regulation between substrate catalysis and inhibitor recognition. [ 3 H]Captopril association with ACE is entropically driven. The selectivity of [ 3 H]captopril binding permits autoradiographic localization of the ACE in the brain, male reproductive system, pituitary gland and adrenal gland. In the brain, ACE is visualized in a striatonigral neuronal pathway which develops between 1 and 7 d after birth. In the male reproductive system, [ 3 H]captopril associated silver grains are found over spermatid heads and in the lumen of seminiferous tubules in stages I-VIII and XII-XIV. In the pituitary gland, ACE is localized to the posterior lobe and patches of the anterior lobe. The adrenal medulla contains moderate ACE levels while low levels are found in the adrenal cortex. Adrenal medullary ACE is increased after hypophysectomy and after reserpine treatment. The general of ligand binding techniques for the study of enzymes is demonstrated by the specific labeling of another enzyme, enkephaline convertase, in crude tissue homogenates by the inhibitor [ 3 H]GEMSA

  16. Equivalência farmacêutica e estudo comparativo dos perfis de dissolução de medicamentos genéricos contendo paracetamol

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    Thiele Faccim de Brum

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal comparar, através do estudo de equivalência farmacêutica e do perfil de dissolução in vitro, oito medicamentos genéricos contendo paracetamol 750 mg, comercializados na região central do Rio Grande do Sul. As análises foram realizadas em conformidade com a monografia do paracetamol comprimidos, descrita na Farmacopeia Brasileira (2010. Os genéricos A, B, D, E, F, G e H são equivalentes farmacêuticos do medicamento referência, pois foram aprovados em todos os testes a que foram submetidos. O Genérico C, no entanto, foi reprovado no doseamento. Quando avaliados em relação ao perfil de dissolução, pelos critérios descritos na RDC 31/2010, somente o genérico E não possui o mesmo perfil de dissolução que o medicamento referência, porém quando comparados pela eficiência de dissolução (ED podemos verificar que somente os Genéricos G, H, F e A possuem a mesma ED que o medicamento referência.

  17. Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin II antagonist receptor on neointima hyperplasia after vascular balloon injury

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang Yeling; Zhao Lihua

    2004-01-01

    Objective: To study the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril) and angiotensin II antagonist receptor (valsartan) on neointima hyperplasia after vascular balloon injury. Methods: Thirty-six rabbit models were randomly divided into three groups: injuried group, captopril group and valsartan group. Captopril (2 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 po) and valsartan (10 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 po) were given to twelve rabbits respectively from 1 day before the right carotidarteries were injuried by 2.0 mm ballon cathether to 14 days after injury in captopil group and valsartan group. The medicine was not administered in the injuried group. The tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plaminogen activor inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antigen level and plasma endothelin (ET) levels were measured before injury, and 7, 14 days after vascular injury. The pathomorphoiogical examination were carried out 14 days after angioplasty. Results: The levels of plasma PAI-1 and ET in captopril group and valsartan group were significantly lower than those in the injuried group (P<0.05). The intimal thickness and extent of lumen stenosis in captopril and valsartan groups were significantly lower than those in the injuried group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Captopril and valsartan can inhibit neointima hyperplasia after vascular ballon injury. (authors)

  18. Hypertension and Cardiovascular Remodelling in Rats Exposed to Continuous Light: Protection by ACE-Inhibition and Melatonin

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    Fedor Simko

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Exposure of rats to continuous light attenuates melatonin production and results in hypertension development. This study investigated whether hypertension induced by continuous light (24 hours/day exposure induces heart and aorta remodelling and if these alterations are prevented by melatonin or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril. Four groups of 3-month-old male Wistar rats (10 per group were treated as follows for six weeks: untreated controls, exposed to continuous light, light-exposed, and treated with either captopril (100 mg/kg/day or melatonin (10 mg/kg/day. Exposure to continuous light led to hypertension, left ventricular (LV hypertrophy and fibrosis, and enhancement of the oxidative load in the LV and aorta. Increase in systolic blood pressure by continuous light exposure was prevented completely by captopril and partially by melatonin. Both captopril and melatonin reduced the wall thickness and cross-sectional area of the aorta and reduced the level of oxidative stress. However, only captopril reduced LV hypertrophy development and only melatonin reduced LV hydroxyproline concentration in insoluble and total collagen in rats exposed to continuous light. In conclusion, captopril prevented LV hypertrophy development in the continuous light-induced hypertension model, while only melatonin significantly reduced fibrosis. This antifibrotic action of melatonin may be protective in hypertensive heart disease.

  19. DESCOLORIMENTO DE EFLUENTE ASSOCIADO AO TINGIMENTO DE ÁGATAS CONTENDO RODAMINA B COM DIFERENTES COMBINAÇÕES FOTOCATALÍTICAS VIA PROCESSOS OXIDATIVOS AVANÇADOS (POA´s

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tiago Bender Wermuth

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available O tingimento é um dos processos de acabamento das pedras semi-preciosas até a sua comercialização. Este é muito usado na indústria da ágata utilizando elevada demanda de água o que gera uma grande quantidade de águas residuárias, contendo moléculas corantes complexas, como a Rodamina B, que apresenta características de poluente orgânico com ecotoxicidade e genotoxicidade elevadas. Neste trabalho objetivou-se buscar o desenvolvimento de POA’s capazes de degradar os efluentes sintéticos provenientes do tingimento de pedras semi-preciosas contendo o corante Rodamina B (C.I 45170. Para uma melhor eficiência de remoção da Rodamina B, utilizou-se dois métodos distintos de fixação do catalisador utilizado. Primeiramente se trabalho com sílica-gel branca (1-3 mm, Tyvek e posteriormente com o Polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD. Realizada a preparação dos materiais, investigou-se algumas combinações de métodos como UV/TiO2/SiO2/O3, UV/TiO2/PEBD/O3 bem como, o monitoramento de alguns parâmetros, como pH e a absorbância de amostras sintéticas. Os testes foram realizados em um reator em acrílico composto de lâmpada germicida (SCT – G13/T8/15W, onde se trabalhou com um volume útil de 1 L.Compondo ainda o reator, utilizou-se uma proveta de 1 litro e uma bomba peristáltica. A concentração de Rodamina B utilizada foi de 20 mg L-1. A partir dos resultados obtidos foi possível verificar que a combinação do UV/TiO2/PEBD/O3 mostrou-se ser mais eficiente. Essa combinação proporcionou um valor de constante cinética na ordem de 28,6 x 10-3 min-1. Se comparado aos demais processos investigados, pode-se observar que se teve um aumento do valor de k.

  20. Avaliação de xaropes contendo cloridrato de metoclopramida, pelo método de Bratton-Marshall Evaluation of metoclopramide syrups by Bratton-Marshall method

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beatriz Resende Freitas

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available Atualmente, a maioria dos fármacos apresenta grupamento amínico. Estes quando associados a açúcares redutores ou a outros adjuvantes farmacêuticos contendo carbonila, freqüentemente produzem problemas de estabilidade, comprometendo a idoneidade do produto. A Reação de Maillard pode explicar tal ocorrência. Neste trabalho estudou-se o comportamento de xarope contendo amina aromática, tendo em vista a associação de açúcares e aminas, a Reação de Maillard e problemas de estabilidade. O protótipo escolhido foi o cloridrato de metoclopramida, benzamida com atividade farmacológica antiemética. Amostras dos xaropes de cloridrato de metoclopramida foram mantidas em estufa a 40 °C por seis meses. Em intervalos regulares de tempo alíquotas foram retiradas e submetidas à análise pelo método de Bratton-Marshall, seguida de leitura espectrofotométrica. Não houve grande variação no teor do cloridrato de metoclopramida em relação ao teor de açúcar, sendo que foram preparadas amostras padronizadas dos xaropes de cloridrato de metoclopramida em diferentes concentrações de açúcar. Houve diminuição do teor do cloridrato de metoclopramida, da ordem de 50%, tanto para amostras padronizadas como para amostra comercial.Nowadays, most of the drugs have amine group in their structure. These drugs, when associated to sugar reducers, or other carbonyl excipients frequently produce dark stains or fading. The Maillard reaction can explain such occurrence. In this work, we have studied the behavior of syrups containing aromatic amines. It is known that association of sugars and amines can generate problems of stability. The chosen prototype was the metoclopramide hydrochloride, a benzamide, with anti-emetic pharmacological activity. Samples of the metoclopramide syrups were maintained in stove at 40 °C for six months. In regular time intervals aliquots were removed and submitted to quantitative determination by the Bratton

  1. Desenvolvimento de material de referência para microbiologia de alimentos contendo Listeria monocytogenes em matriz queijo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Luiz Lima Brandão

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available A NBR ISO/IEC 17025:2005, uma das normas mais utilizadas em laboratórios de ensaio, descreve como um de seus critérios para a garantia da qualidade dos resultados analíticos a participação periódica dos laboratórios em ensaios de proficiência (EP. Os analitos, utilizados nos EP são materiais de referência (MR provenientes de um mesmo lote, e devem apresentar características de homogeneidade e estabilidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi produzir um MR qualitativo destinado ao ensaio de pesquisa de Listeria monocytogenes em matriz queijo pela técnica de liofilização. Para a produção do MR, foi utilizado como matriz o queijo Minas frescal (QMF ultrafiltrado. A matriz foi distribuída em frascos, contaminada com a bactéria alvo e submetida à liofilização, tendo a sacarose como crioprotetor. O MR produzido foi considerado homogêneo e estável na temperatura de ≤-70°C durante todo o período estudado (10 meses. O material apresentou estabilidade a 4, 25, 30 e 35°C por quatro dias e a -20°C por 48 dias, e os resultados estatísticos indicam tendência à estabilidade. Conclui-se que o material apresentou todos os requisitos necessários de um MR de qualidade e poderia ser transportado aos laboratórios participantes de um EP à temperatura máxima de 35°C por até quatro dias, uma vez que os resultados indicaram a manutenção da concentração celular nesse período. Esse foi o primeiro trabalho a descrever uma metodologia de produção de MR contendo L. monocytogenes em matriz queijo.

  2. Ketorolac

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... taking angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors such as benazepril (Lotensin, in Lotrel), captopril, enalapril (Vasotec, in Vaseretic), ... antidepressants; angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors such as benazepril (Lotensin, in Lotrel), captopril, enalapril (Vasotec, in Vaseretic), ...

  3. Desenvolvimento de formulações e tecnologia de obtenção de comprimidos revestidos de efavirenz: terapia anti-HIV Development of formulations and technology of efavirenz coated tablets obtention: anti-HIV therapy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Osnir de Sá Viana

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available O efavirenz é uma das mais recentes classes de agentes anti-retrovirais aplicados no tratamento de infecções por HIV. Está entre os medicamentos de primeira escolha no tratamento da AIDS. Como o efavirenz possui característica hidrofóbica, baixa densidade e oferece grande resistência ao escoamento, a escolha de uma formulação adequada deste fármaco é essencial no desenvolvimento dos comprimidos e para garantir melhor disponibilização no trato gastrointestinal, de forma a alcançar a biodisponibilidade e o efeito terapêutico desejados. Neste trabalho, apresentamos, de forma lógica, o desenvolvimento tecnológico de comprimidos revestidos de efavirenz, levando em consideração suas características físicas e físico-químicas. Os núcleos (comprimidos de efavirenz foram obtidos utilizando-se a técnica de granulação por via úmida. No revestimento por película utilizou-se Opadry® Y-1-7000 em sistema aquoso. Os parâmetros adotados para avaliação física dos comprimidos seguiram as especificações farmacopéicas oficiais e a determinação quantitativa foi realizada mediante método analítico desenvolvido e validado.Efavirenz is one of the most recent classes of anti-retroviral drugs used in the treatment of HIV infections. It is the first choice therapy for AIDS treatment. As efavirenz detains hydrofobic characteristic, low density and offers great resistance to draining, it has been essential to choose an adequated formulation for it, in order to guarantee drug's availability in gastro-intestinal tract, achieving bioavailability and expected therapeutical effects. This work presents efavirez coated tablets thecnological development, considering the physics and physico-chemical characteristics of this drug. The efavirez nucleus (tablets has been obtained employing granulation technics by humid via. In the coating by film, Opadry Y-1-7000 in aquous system was used. The adopted parameters to tablet phisics evaluation

  4. Mitigation of Late Renal and Pulmonary Injury After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cohen, Eric P., E-mail: Eric.Cohen2@va.gov [Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (United States); Bedi, Manpreet; Irving, Amy A. [Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (United States); Jacobs, Elizabeth; Tomic, Rade [Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (United States); Klein, John [Department of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (United States); Lawton, Colleen A.; Moulder, John E. [Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (United States)

    2012-05-01

    Purpose: To update the results of a clinical trial that assessed whether the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril was effective in mitigating chronic renal failure and pulmonary-related mortality in subjects undergoing total body irradiation (TBI) in preparation for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods and Materials: Updated records of the 55 subjects who were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial were analyzed. Twenty-eight patients received captopril, and 27 patients received placebo. Definitions of TBI-HSCT-related chronic renal failure (and relapse) were the same as those in the 2007 analysis. Pulmonary-related mortality was based on clinical or autopsy findings of pulmonary failure or infection as the primary cause of death. Follow-up data for overall and pulmonary-related mortality were supplemented by use of the National Death Index. Results: The risk of TBI-HSCT-related chronic renal failure was lower in the captopril group (11% at 4 years) than in the placebo group (17% at 4 years), but this was not statistically significant (p > 0.2). Analysis of mortality was greatly extended by use of the National Death Index, and no patients were lost to follow-up for reasons other than death prior to 67 months. Patient survival was higher in the captopril group than in the placebo group, but this was not statistically significant (p > 0.2). The improvement in survival was influenced more by a decrease in pulmonary mortality (11% risk at 4 years in the captopril group vs. 26% in the placebo group, p = 0.15) than by a decrease in chronic renal failure. There was no adverse effect on relapse risk (p = 0.4). Conclusions: Captopril therapy produces no detectable adverse effects when given after TBI. Captopril therapy reduces overall and pulmonary-related mortality after radiation-based HSCT, and there is a trend toward mitigation of chronic renal failure.

  5. Antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects of the dipeptide isoleucine-tryptophan and whey protein hydrolysate.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martin, M; Kopaliani, I; Jannasch, A; Mund, C; Todorov, V; Henle, T; Deussen, A

    2015-12-01

    Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are treatment of choice in hypertensive patients. Clinically used inhibitors exhibit a structural similarity to naturally occurring peptides. This study evaluated antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects of ACE-inhibiting peptides derived from food proteins in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Isoleucine-tryptophan (in vitro IC50 for ACE = 0.7 μm), a whey protein hydrolysate containing an augmented fraction of isoleucine-tryptophan, or captopril was given to spontaneously hypertensive rats (n = 60) over 14 weeks. Two further groups, receiving either no supplement (Placebo) or intact whey protein, served as controls. Systolic blood pressure age-dependently increased in the Placebo group, whereas the blood pressure rise was effectively blunted by isoleucine-tryptophan, whey protein hydrolysate and captopril (-42 ± 3, -38 ± 5, -55 ± 4 mm Hg vs. Placebo). At study end, myocardial mass was lower in isoleucine-tryptophan and captopril groups but only partially in the hydrolysate group. Coronary flow reserve (1 μm adenosine) was improved in isoleucine-tryptophan and captopril groups. Plasma ACE activity was significantly decreased in isoleucine-tryptophan, hydrolysate and captopril groups, but in aortic tissue only after isoleucine-tryptophan or captopril treatment. This was associated with lowered expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2. Following isoleucine-tryptophan and captopril treatments, gene expression of renin was significantly increased indicating an active feedback within renin-angiotensin system. Whey protein hydrolysate and isoleucine-tryptophan powerfully inhibit plasma ACE resulting in antihypertensive effects. Moreover, isoleucine-tryptophan blunts tissue ACE activity, reduces matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity and improves coronary flow reserve. Thus, whey protein hydrolysate and particularly isoleucine-tryptophan may serve as innovative food additives with the goal of attenuating

  6. Mitigation of Late Renal and Pulmonary Injury After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cohen, Eric P.; Bedi, Manpreet; Irving, Amy A.; Jacobs, Elizabeth; Tomic, Rade; Klein, John; Lawton, Colleen A.; Moulder, John E.

    2012-01-01

    Purpose: To update the results of a clinical trial that assessed whether the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril was effective in mitigating chronic renal failure and pulmonary-related mortality in subjects undergoing total body irradiation (TBI) in preparation for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods and Materials: Updated records of the 55 subjects who were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial were analyzed. Twenty-eight patients received captopril, and 27 patients received placebo. Definitions of TBI-HSCT-related chronic renal failure (and relapse) were the same as those in the 2007 analysis. Pulmonary-related mortality was based on clinical or autopsy findings of pulmonary failure or infection as the primary cause of death. Follow-up data for overall and pulmonary-related mortality were supplemented by use of the National Death Index. Results: The risk of TBI-HSCT-related chronic renal failure was lower in the captopril group (11% at 4 years) than in the placebo group (17% at 4 years), but this was not statistically significant (p > 0.2). Analysis of mortality was greatly extended by use of the National Death Index, and no patients were lost to follow-up for reasons other than death prior to 67 months. Patient survival was higher in the captopril group than in the placebo group, but this was not statistically significant (p > 0.2). The improvement in survival was influenced more by a decrease in pulmonary mortality (11% risk at 4 years in the captopril group vs. 26% in the placebo group, p = 0.15) than by a decrease in chronic renal failure. There was no adverse effect on relapse risk (p = 0.4). Conclusions: Captopril therapy produces no detectable adverse effects when given after TBI. Captopril therapy reduces overall and pulmonary-related mortality after radiation-based HSCT, and there is a trend toward mitigation of chronic renal failure.

  7. The use of experimental design in the development of an HPLC-ECD method for the analysis of captopril.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Khamanga, Sandile M; Walker, Roderick B

    2011-01-15

    An accurate, sensitive and specific high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) method that was developed and validated for captopril (CPT) is presented. Separation was achieved using a Phenomenex(®) Luna 5 μm (C(18)) column and a mobile phase comprised of phosphate buffer (adjusted to pH 3.0): acetonitrile in a ratio of 70:30 (v/v). Detection was accomplished using a full scan multi channel ESA Coulometric detector in the "oxidative-screen" mode with the upstream electrode (E(1)) set at +600 mV and the downstream (analytical) electrode (E(2)) set at +950 mV, while the potential of the guard cell was maintained at +1050 mV. The detector gain was set at 300. Experimental design using central composite design (CCD) was used to facilitate method development. Mobile phase pH, molarity and concentration of acetonitrile (ACN) were considered the critical factors to be studied to establish the retention time of CPT and cyclizine (CYC) that was used as the internal standard. Twenty experiments including centre points were undertaken and a quadratic model was derived for the retention time for CPT using the experimental data. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, limits of quantitation and detection, as per the ICH guidelines. The system was found to produce sharp and well-resolved peaks for CPT and CYC with retention times of 3.08 and 7.56 min, respectively. Linear regression analysis for the calibration curve showed a good linear relationship with a regression coefficient of 0.978 in the concentration range of 2-70 μg/mL. The linear regression equation was y=0.0131x+0.0275. The limits of detection (LOQ) and quantitation (LOD) were found to be 2.27 and 0.6 μg/mL, respectively. The method was used to analyze CPT in tablets. The wide range for linearity, accuracy, sensitivity, short retention time and composition of the mobile phase indicated that this method is better for the quantification of CPT than the

  8. Análise dos medicamentos e interações potenciais de prescrições contendo antimicrobianos dispensados em uma farmácia comunitária de Ijuí / RS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bruna Rodrigues Weber

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available A resistência bacteriana se constitui em preocupação mundial e a prescrição inadequada de antimicrobianos é um dos fatores que pode influenciar nas suas taxas. O objetivo foi avaliar as prescrições contendo antimicrobianos dispensados em uma farmácia comunitária do município de Ijuí/RS, para identificar os antimicrobianos e osfármacos prescritos em associação, bem como interações medicamentosas potenciais. Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por prescrições retidas no local do estudo, de 28 de novembro de 2010 a 31 de março de 2011, que continham ao menos um antimicrobiano listado no Anexo I da RDC 44/2010. Resultados: Foram analisadas 268 prescrições, contendo 283 antimicrobianos, em 15 prescrições foram prescritos dois produtos. A classe das penicilinas, presente em 30,04% das prescrições, e as quinolonas (23,67% foram os mais prescritos. Em 45,9% das prescrições, pelo menos mais um medicamento foi associado aoantimicrobiano, totalizando 167 medicamentos, sendo principalmente a classe dos analgésicos e antipiréticos (43,11% e dos antiinflamatórios e antirreumáticos não-esteróides (29,94%. Os antiinflamatórios e antirreumáticos não-esteróides estavampresentes em 82,05% das 39 interações medicamentosas potenciais encontradas, sendo que a principal classe de antimicrobianosenvolvida foi a das penicilinas (64,1%. Conclusão: é necessário que os profissionais responsáveis pela prescrição e pela dispensação estejam capacitados para identificar e evitar a presença de interações medicamentosas, proporcionando mais segurança para o usuário e efetividade no tratamento. Entende-se que seja necessário rever e padronizar os critérios de prescrição, dispensação e administração, a fim de racionalizar o uso dos antimicrobianos.

  9. Avaliar clinicamente uma solução contendo 0,12% de clorexidina, 0,05% de cetilpiridínico, e 0,05% de fluoreto de sódio na formação da placa e manchamento dental

    OpenAIRE

    Silva, Wagner Chagas da

    2008-01-01

    Apesar de sua eficácia no combate de infecções orais, a pigmentação de dentes e língua associada ao uso de soluções de clorexedina é um dos efeitos adversos que mais desencoraja o uso deste antisséptico por tempo prolongado. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito da solução para bochecho contendo 0,12% de clorexidina, 0,05% de cetilpiridínio e 0,05% de fluoreto de sódio, na atividade anti- placa e formação da pigmentação extrínseca dental e da língua. Participara...

  10. Renovascular hypertension due to insufficient collateral flow in segmental artery occulusion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Park, Y. H.; Lee, S. Y.; Kim, S. H.; Sohn, H. S.; Chung, S. K.

    2001-01-01

    We report a case in which a 33-year-old woman with renovascular hypertension due to insufficient collateral flow in segmental renal artery occlusion demonstrated abnormality on captopril renal scintigram. Baseline renal scintigram with DTPA showed normal perfusion and excretion in left kidney and captopril renal scintigram with DTPA showed a focal area of decreased perfusion and delayed clearance in lower half of left kidney, suggesting segmental renal artery stenosis. Selective left renal arteriography showed complete obstruction in proximal portion of anterior segmental artery with multiple small collateral vessels from posterior segmental artery and capsular artery and delayed opacification in lower half of left kidney. These findings are suggestive of segmental hypoperfusion due to insufficient collateral blood flow resulting to positive captopril response. Patient's blood pressure have been controlled well with ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitor and calcium channel blocker for 2 year. Follow-up baseline renal scintigram with MAG3 showed normal perfusion and excretion in left kidney and captopril renal scintigram with MAG3 showed a focal area of decreased perfusion and delayed clearance in lower lateral portion of left kidney, which was smaller size than that of previous renal scintigram. And captopril renal scintigram with DMSA demonstrated a small area of decreased DMSA uptake on this lesion compared to baseline DMSA scintigram

  11. Avaliação do desempenho de frangos de corte alimentados com rações contendo probiótico e diferentes níveis de nucleotídeos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    João Batista Canevari Bruno

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de frangos de corte alimentados com ração contendo um probiótico comercial e diferentes níveis de nucleotídeos. Foram utilizados 1050 pintos de 01 dia, machos da linhagem Ross 308 totalizando trinta e cinco aves por boxe, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco repetições por tratamento. As aves foram criadas até 42 dias de idade, e receberam as rações experimentais a base de milho e farelo de soja contendo 6 níveis de nucleotídeos (0; 100; 200; 300; 400 e 500 gramas por tonelada de ração. Os nucleotídeos foram utilizados na fase inicial (1 a 21 dias e fase de crescimento (22 a 35 dias. Durante a fase final (36 a 42 dias os nucleotídeos foram removidos da ração . Houve melhora linear no desempenho dos frangos no período de 1 a 21 dias, indicando que, quanto maior o nível de nucleotídeos na dieta, maior o peso corporal das aves. A conversão alimentar também melhorou linearmente nesse período à medida que aumentou o nível de nucleotídeos na ração. O peso no período de 35 dias, também teve um comportamento linear, semelhante ao período de 1 a 21 dias, indicando que, o nível de nucleotídeos na ração melhorou o desempenho. A concentração plasmática de acido úrico demonstrou efeito quadrático no período de 1 a 21 dias, indicando 231,59 gramas de nucleotídeos por tonelada de ração, como o melhor, em níveis mínimos de ácido úrico, por outro lado, no período de 35 dias de idade, estimou-se o nível de 208,99 g de nucleotídeos por tonelada de ração; como o melhor em níveis mínimos de ácido úrico no sangue. No período final (35 a 42 dias e período total (1 a 42 dias de idade não foi possível o observar efeito dos contrastes testados neste trabalho.

  12. L-arginine fails to prevent ventricular remodeling and heart failure in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brooks, Wesley W; Conrad, Chester H; Robinson, Kathleen G; Colucci, Wilson S; Bing, Oscar H L

    2009-02-01

    The effects of long-term oral administration of L-arginine, a substrate for nitric oxide (NO) production, on left ventricular (LV) remodeling, myocardial function and the prevention of heart failure (HF) was compared to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril in a rat model of hypertensive HF (aged spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR)). SHRs and age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were assigned to either no treatment, treatment with L-arginine (7.5 g/l in drinking water) or captopril (1 g/l in drinking water) beginning at 14 months of age, a time when SHRs exhibit stable compensated hypertrophy with no hemodynamic impairment; animals were studied at 23 months of age or at the time of HF. In untreated SHR, relative to WKY, there was significant LV hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and isolated LV muscle performance and response to isoproterenol (ISO) were depressed; and, 7 of 10 SHRs developed HF. Captopril administration to six SHRs attenuated hypertrophy and prevented impaired inotropic responsiveness to ISO, contractile dysfunction, fibrosis, increased passive stiffness, and HF. In contrast, L-arginine administration to SHR increased LV hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis while cardiac performance was depressed; and 7 of 9 SHRs developed HF. In WKY, L-arginine treatment but not captopril resulted in increased LV weight and the contractile response to ISO was blunted. Neither L-arginine nor captopril treatment of WKY changed fibrosis and HF did not occur. These data demonstrate that in contrast to captopril, long-term treatment with L-arginine exacerbates age-related cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and did not prevent contractile dysfunction or the development of HF in aging SHR.

  13. Valor nutritivo de dietas contendo torta de mamona submetida a métodos alternativos de destoxificação para ovinos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R.N. Furtado

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Avaliaram-se o consumo e a digestibilidade de nutrientes por ovinos alimentados com rações contendo torta de mamona sem tratamento (NT, tratadas com calcário calcítico (CC, ureia (UR, fosfato monobicálcico (FOS e por autoclave (ACL. Foram utilizados 20 ovinos em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, sendo 10 machos inteiros e 10 fêmeas, mestiços de raça Morada Nova. As dietas foram isoproteicas e isoenergéticas. A ricina foi parcialmente desnaturada pelos tratamentos de destoxificação da torta de mamona. Não houve efeito dos tratamentos de destoxificação da torta de mamona sobre o consumo de nutrientes. A digestibilidade da fibra em detergente neutro no tratamento NT foi de 57,5%, maior que no tratamento CC, de 52,4%. A digestibilidade do extrato etéreo foi mais alta no tratamento CC, média de 71,3%, em relação ao tratamento FOS, de 68,2%. Houve maior consumo de fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido dos machos em relação às fêmeas quando o consumo foi expresso em g/dia. A torta de mamona NT pode ser utilizada em dietas de ovinos como alimento proteico alternativo, participando em até 8% da dieta total, sem ocasionar redução expressiva no consumo e na digestibilidade.

  14. Produção de leite, consumo e digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes, pH e concentração de amônia ruminal em vacas lactantes recebendo rações contendo silagem de milho e fenos de alfafa e de capim-coastcross

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Moreira Andréia Luciane

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Utilizaram-se 10 vacas lactantes HPC e mestiças H*Z, com 55 dias de parição, peso médio de 540 kg, distribuídas em um delineamento em switch-back com o objetivo de avaliar a produção e a composição do leite, o consumo e a digestibilidade aparente de matéria seca (MS, matéria orgânica (MO, fibra em detergente neutro (FDN, proteína bruta (PB, carboidratos totais (CT e extrato etéreo (EE, e o pH e a concentração de amônia ruminal. Os animais foram alimentados ad libitum com cinco dietas contendo silagem de milho (SM, feno de alfafa (FA, feno de capim-coastcross (FCC, ½ FA+½ SM, ½ FCC+1/2 SM, na proporção de 60%, da ração total (base de matéria seca. Os consumos dos nutrientes não foram influenciados pelas dietas. As digestibilidades aparentes de MS, PB e FDN foram maiores para as dietas contendo silagem de milho. O pH e a concentração de amônia do líquido ruminal não foram influenciados pelas dietas, porém observou-se resposta quadrática para o tempo de coletas. Registrou-se maior produção de leite para os animais que receberam silagem de milho. Os teores de proteína bruta e gordura do leite não foram influenciados pelas dietas.

  15. Evaluation of the effect of Spathodea campanulata flower bud ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Lenses were incubated in artificial aqueous humor (Normal control) with simultaneous incubation in 30 mM galactose (Untreated cataract). Co-incubation with captopril (Captopril treated cataract); 0.1 mg/ml of the exudate (Exudate treated cataract - Low dose) and 0.2 mg/ml of exudate (Exudate treated cataract- High dose) ...

  16. Design and Development of a Proniosomal Transdermal Drug ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Purpose: The aim of the study was to develop a proniosomal carrier system for captopril for the treatment of hypertension that is capable of efficiently delivering entrapped drug over an extended period of time. Method: The potential of proniosomes as a transdermal drug delivery system for captopril was investigated by ...

  17. Padrão Nictemeral do pH Ruminal e Comportamento Alimentar de Cabras Leiteiras Alimentadas com Dietas Contendo Diferentes Relações Volumoso: Concentrado Nictemeral Pattern of Ruminal pH and Feeding Behavior of Dairy Goats Fed Diets with Different Roughage to Concentrate Ratio

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    André Luigi Gonçalves

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available Os objetivos do presente estudo foram a caracterização do padrão nictemeral do pH ruminal e a avaliação do comportamento alimentar de cabras leiteiras alimentadas com dietas compostas por diferentes relações volumoso:concentrado. Foram utilizadas cinco cabras, com peso médio de 58 kg, não-lactantes, não-gestantes, fistuladas no rúmen, em cinco períodos experimentais. Cada animal foi observado em cada um dos cinco tratamentos, que consistiram das relações volumoso:concentrado de 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60 e 20:80, em um delineamento em quadrado latino 5×5. As dietas foram fornecidas a cada 6 horas, buscando amenizar a variação dos níveis de pH ruminal, durante o período de 24 horas, para todos os tratamentos. Após a adaptação dos animais às dietas experimentais, estes foram observados por um período de 48 horas, no qual foi mensurado o pH ruminal a cada hora, bem como em outro período de mesma duração, em que se observou o comportamento a cada 10 minutos. Foi constatado que o nível de concentrado crescente resultou em decréscimo sobre o pH, cujos valores decresceram mais drasticamente em níveis acima de 60%. Observou-se também o efeito de tratamento sobre tempo de alimentação, ruminação e ócio. O tempo de alimentação foi maior para as dietas contendo valores acima de 60% de volumoso. A dieta contendo 100% de volumoso apresentou maior tempo de ruminação e menor ócio, seguida das dietas contendo 80 e 60% de volumoso, enquanto aquelas contendo 40 e 20% apresentaram menor tempo de ruminação e maior ócio.The objectives of the present study were to characterize nictemeral pattern of ruminal pH and feed behavior of dairy goats fed diets presenting different ratios of roughage:concentrate. Five non pregnant non lactating goats, ruminally cannulated, and averaging 58 kg were used during the five experimental periods. A 5x5 Latin square was used to evaluate five treatments consisted of roughage to concentrate

  18. Efeito de drogas utilizadas no tratamento de hipertensão arterial sistêmica sobre a pressão intra-ocular: estudo experimental no cão

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hashimoto Mitsuo

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Estudar os efeitos de duas drogas utilizadas no tratamento de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (captopril e propranolol sobre a pressão intra-ocular (PIO e pressão de perfusão (PP em cães anestesiados. Métodos: Foram estudados 24 cães, divididos em 3 grupos de 8. No primeiro grupo (GI, foi administrado captopril (um inibidor da enzima conversora de angiotensina na dose de 1,5 mg/kg por via endovenosa. No segundo grupo (GII, foi administrado propranolol (um beta-bloqueador na dose de 1,5 mg/kg por via endovenosa. O terceiro grupo (GIII foi o grupo controle. A PIO e a pressão arterial média (PAm foram medidas por manometria. A pressão de perfusão (PP foi calculada pela diferença entre a PAm e a PIO. A freqüência cardíaca (FC foi monitorada com oxímetro de pulso. Os parâmetros foram estudados em 6 momentos (0, 10, 30, 60, 90 e 120 minutos. Resultados: Houve redução estatisticamente significativa da PIO (p<0,05 nos grupos em que foram administrados captopril e propranolol, sem diferença entre as drogas. Com captopril, houve redução da PAm e da PP aos 10 e 30 minutos. Com propranolol, não houve redução da PAm ou da PP. Conclusão: Houve redução da PIO com uso do captopril e também do propranolol. Entretanto, a redução acentuada da PAm e da PP causadas pelo captopril, podem ser indesejáveis para a irrigação do nervo óptico.

  19. Lupus induced by medicaments

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Canas D, Carlos Alberto; Perafan B, Pablo Eduardo

    2001-01-01

    We describe a 55 years old female patient who consulted by fever syndrome, artralgias and the presence of high tittles positives antinuclear antibodies. She had arterial hypertension in treatment with captopril. We suspected the clinical diagnoses of drug-induced lupus; the withdraw of captopril was associated with the remission of the clinical and laboratory manifestations

  20. Análisis de esfuerzos en túneles excavados en materiales con K0 diferente a 1.0

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    Ricardo E. Barbosa Carrillo

    1984-09-01

    Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se desarrollaron las soluciones elásticas para túneles circulares revestidos, excavados en materiales con un estado inicial de esfuerzos σxo=Kσyo se formularon los modelos para resolver el problema utilizando la técnica de los elementos finitos.

  1. Angiotensin-(1-7) augments endothelium-dependent relaxations of porcine coronary arteries to bradykinin by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme 1.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Raffai, Gábor; Khang, Gilson; Vanhoutte, Paul M

    2014-05-01

    Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) converts angiotensin II to angiotensin-(1-7) that activates Mas receptors, inhibits ACE1, and modulates bradykinin receptor sensitivity. This in vitro study compared the direct and indirect effects of angiotensin-(1-7), the ACE1 inhibitor captopril, and diminazene aceturate (DIZE) an alleged ACE2 activator in rings of porcine coronary arteries, by measuring changes of isometric tension. Angiotensin-(1-7), captopril, and DIZE did not cause significant changes in tension before or after desensitization of bradykinin receptors in preparations contracted with U46619. Bradykinin caused concentration-dependent and endothelium-dependent relaxations that were not affected by DIZE but were potentiated to a similar extent by angiotensin-(1-7) and captopril, given alone or in combination. Bradykinin responses potentiated by angiotensin-(1-7) and captopril were not affected by the BK1 antagonist SSR240612 and remained augmented in the presence of either N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride plus indomethacin or TRAM-34 plus UCL-1684. ACE2 was identified in the coronary endothelium by immunofluorescence, but its basal activity was not influenced by DIZE. These results suggest that in coronary arteries, angiotensin-(1-7) and captopril both improves NO bioavailability and enhances endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization to bradykinin solely by ACE1 inhibition. Endothelial ACE2 activity cannot be increased by DIZE to produce local adequate amounts of angiotensin-(1-7) to influence vascular tone.

  2. Captopril and Hydrochlorothiazide

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... or pharmacist if you are taking valsartan and sacubitril (Entresto) or if you have stopped taking it ... hydrochlorothiazide, if you are also taking valsartan and sacubitril. Also, tell your doctor if you have diabetes ...

  3. Crescimento, esporulação e viabilidade de fungos entomopatogênicos em meios contendo diferentes concentrações do óleo de nim (Azadirachta indica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marques Renata Paro

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available A associação de extratos de origem vegetal com fungos entomopatogênicos pode aumentar a eficiência do controle biológico de pragas, reduzir custos e impactos ambientais. No presente trabalho, avaliou-se, através da concentração inibitória mínima, o efeito do óleo de nim (NIM-I-GO sobre o crescimento, esporulação e viabilidade de Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana e Paecilomyces farinosus. Utilizou-se o meio BDA, contendo diferentes concentrações de óleo de nim (C1: 5% de óleo de nim, e sucessivamente concentrações iguais a fraction one-half da concentração anterior, até C11: 0,0048% de óleo de nim. O óleo de nim reduziu o crescimento de colônias de B. bassiana e P. farinosus, que não diferiram significativamente do controle apenas na concentração C11, mas para M. anisopliae o mesmo efeito foi observado com 0,039% de óleo de nim (C8. A esporulação também foi significativamente reduzida pelo óleo de nim, exceto na concentração C11 para B. bassiana; contudo, não se verificou efeito do óleo na viabilidade de esporos dos fungos.

  4. 1,4-Anthraquinone: A new useful pre-column reagent for the determination of N-acetylcysteine and captopril in pharmaceuticals by high performance liquid chromatography.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gatti, Rita; Morigi, Rita

    2017-09-05

    1,4-Anthraquinone (ANQ) is proposed as a novel pre-column reagent for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and captopril (CAP) in pharmaceutical formulations. The derivatization reactions were carried out at room temperature: NAC at pH 8 for 1min, while CAP at pH 7.5 for 20min. Both reactions reached completeness at a reagent to thiol molar ratio of about 2.5. The synthesised derivatives were characterized by 1 H NMR and IR. The chromatographic separations were performed on a C 18 Phenomenex Synergi Fusion 4μm (250mm×4.6mm I.D.) stainless steel column with detection at λ=300nm. The mobile phase consisted of methanol/triethylammonium (TEA) phosphate buffer (pH 3; 0.05mol/L) 75:25 (v/v) at a flow-rate of 0.4mL/min for NAC and 88:12 (v/v), at a flow-rate of 0.6mL/min for CAP. The validation parameters (linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, precision, specificity and stability) were highly satisfactory. Linear response was observed (determination coefficient ≥0.9996). Detection limits were about 8 and 18ng/mL for NAC and CAP, respectively. Intra-day precision (relative standard deviation, R.S.D.) was ≤1.58%, for thiol to internal standard (IS) peak area ratio and ≤0.33%, for thiol and IS retention times (t R ), without significant differences between intra- and inter-day data. Thiol recovery studies were satisfactory (99.50%) with R.S.D. ≤0.56%. The results highlight the high sensitivity of the method and the remarkable reactivity and selectivity of the reagent towards the thiol function. The developed method is suitable for the quality control of both thiols in commercial products. The method can be applied in any analytical laboratory not requiring a sophisticated instrumentation. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  5. Targeting the Renin–Angiotensin System Combined With an Antioxidant Is Highly Effective in Mitigating Radiation-Induced Lung Damage

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mahmood, Javed [Ontario Cancer Institute and the Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario (Canada); Radiation Medicine Program, STTARR Innovation Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario (Canada); Jelveh, Salomeh [Radiation Medicine Program, STTARR Innovation Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario (Canada); Zaidi, Asif [Ontario Cancer Institute and the Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario (Canada); Doctrow, Susan R. [Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (United States); Medhora, Meetha [Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (United States); Hill, Richard P., E-mail: hill@uhnres.utoronto.ca [Ontario Cancer Institute and the Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario (Canada); Departments of Medical Biophysics and Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario (Canada)

    2014-07-15

    Purpose: To investigate the outcome of suppression of the renin angiotensin system using captopril combined with an antioxidant (Eukarion [EUK]-207) for mitigation of radiation-induced lung damage in rats. Methods and Materials: The thoracic cavity of female Sprague-Dawley rats was irradiated with a single dose of 11 Gy. Treatment with captopril at a dose of 40 mg/kg/d in drinking water and EUK-207 given by subcutaneous injection (8 mg/kg daily) was started 1 week after irradiation (PI) and continuing until 14 weeks PI. Breathing rate was monitored until the rats were killed at 32 weeks PI, when lung fibrosis was assessed by lung hydroxyproline content. Lung levels of the cytokine transforming growth factor-β1 and macrophage activation were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Oxidative DNA damage was assessed by 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels, and lipid peroxidation was measured by a T-BARS assay. Results: The increase in breathing rate in the irradiated rats was significantly reduced by the drug treatments. The drug treatment also significantly decreased the hydroxyproline content, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine and malondialdehyde levels, and levels of activated macrophages and the cytokine transforming growth factor-β1 at 32 weeks. Almost complete mitigation of these radiation effects was observed by combining captopril and EUK-207. Conclusion: Captopril and EUK-207 can provide mitigation of radiation-induced lung damage out to at least 32 weeks PI after treatment given 1-14 weeks PI. Overall the combination of captopril and EUK-207 was more effective than the individual drugs used alone.

  6. Changes in the renin angiotensin system during the development of colorectal cancer liver metastases

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Neo, Jaclyn H; Ager, Eleanor I; Angus, Peter W; Zhu, Jin; Herath, Chandana B; Christophi, Christopher

    2010-01-01

    Blockade of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) via angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition reduces growth of colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases in a mouse model. In this work we defined the expression of the various components of the RAS in both tumor and liver during the progression of this disease. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR was used to examine RAS expression in a mouse CRC liver metastases model. CRC metastases and liver tissue was assessed separately at key stages of CRC liver metastases development in untreated (control) mice and in mice treated with the ACE inhibitor captopril (750 mg/kg/day). Non-tumor induced (sham) mice indicated the effect of tumors on normal liver RAS. The statistical significance of multiple comparisons was determined using one-way analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni adjustment with SAS/STAT software. Reduced volume of CRC liver metastases with captopril treatment was evident. Local RAS of CRC metastases differed from the surrounding liver, with lower angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) expression but increased ANG-(1-7) receptor (MasR) compared to the liver. The AT1R localised to cancer and stromal infiltrating cells, while other RAS receptors were detected in cancer cells only. Tumor induction led to an initial increase in AT1R and ACE expression while captopril treatment significantly increased ACE expression in the final stages of tumor growth. Conversely, captopril treatment decreased expression of AT1R and angiotensinogen. These results demonstrate significant changes in RAS expression in the tumor-bearing captopril treated liver and in CRC metastases. The data suggests the existence of a tumor-specific RAS that can be independently targeted by RAS blockade

  7. Weak interactions in clobazam–lactose mixtures examined by differential scanning calorimetry: Comparison with the captopril–lactose system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Toscani, S.; Cornevin, L.; Burgot, G.

    2012-01-01

    Highlights: ► Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of weak interactions in binary systems by DSC. ► Energy-barrier decrease for lactose dehydration induced by clobazam. ► Recrystallisation of metastable liquid clobazam induced by anhydrous alpha lactose. ► Decrease of lactose dehydration temperature in binary mixtures with captopril. ► Increase of lactose dehydration enthalpy in binary mixtures with captopril. - Abstract: The thermal behaviour of binary mixtures of two drugs (clobazam and captopril, respectively) and a pharmaceutical excipient (lactose monohydrate) was measured with differential scanning calorimetry to determine thermodynamic and kinetic parameters (dehydration and melting enthalpies and dehydration and glass-transition activation energies) which might be affected by intermolecular interactions. A kinetic study showed that lactose dehydration is not a single-step conversion and that clobazam contributed to reduce the energy barrier for the bulk dehydration of the excipient. On the other hand, the physical interactions between metastable liquid clobazam and crystalline anhydrous α-lactose obtained from monohydrate dehydration gave rise to the recrystallisation of clobazam. In the captopril–lactose system, the liquid captopril influenced the lactose dehydration: a sharp increase of the dehydration enthalpy and a concurrent reduction of the dehydration temperature were observed. Finally, it turned out that solid-phase transitions were enhanced by the contact with a liquid phase.

  8. Estruturação de cristais de gelo em soluções aquosas contendo solutos diversos Ice crystals structuring in water solutions containing different solutes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    CLÉCIA SILVA CARNEIRO

    2000-02-01

    Full Text Available Existe uma grande demanda de conhecimentos na área de criopreservação de frutos tropicais com vistas a reduzir os danos celulares provocados por cristais de gelo durante o congelamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a capacidade de estruturação de cristais de gelo. Soluções aquosas contendo arabinose, glicose, piridoxina, creatina, metionina, lisina e arginina, foram submetidas a congelamento lento em ar estático e as amostras resultantes examinadas por microscopia ótica sob luz polarizada. Os açúcares arabinose e glicose provocaram nos cristais de gelo estruturações que variaram de uma configuração hexagonal a uma arbórea, dentre outras. Vitaminas hidrossolúveis e compostos hidrofílicos ou hidrofóbicos favoreceram a formação de arranjamentos circulares filamentosos.There is a great demand for information about the cryopreservation of tropical fruits to reduce cell damage caused by ice crystals during freezing. The objective of this work was to study the structuring capacity of ice cristals. Water solutions having arabinose, glucose, pyridoxine, creatine, methionine, lysine and arginine were submitted to a slow freezing process and the resulting samples were examined under an optical microscope under polarized light. Sugars (arabinose and glucose caused a range of structures, from hexagonal to tree-like configurations, among others. Water soluble vitamins and hydrophilic or hydrophobic compounds favored the formation of needles arranged in a circular-type manner.

  9. Ativação da enzima conversora de angiotensina no coração após infarto do miocárdio e suas repercussões no remodelamento ventricular

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    Mill José Geraldo

    1997-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar as alterações de atividade da enzima conversora de angiotensina (ECA no coração com infarto do miocárdio (IM e comparar os efeitos do captopril e losartan em parâmetros morfológicos e funcionais de ratos com IM. MÉTODOS: O IM foi produzido em ratos Wistar por ligadura de ramos da artéria coronária esquerda. Os controles (Con foram submetidos a uma cirurgia fictícia. Animais com IM e Con foram tratados com captopril (30mg/kg/dia ou losartan (15mg/kg/dia e estudados 30 dias após, determinando-se a atividade da ECA nos ventrículos direito (VD e esquerdo (VE, as alterações hemodinâmicas e as concentrações de hidroxiprolina (OH-Pro e proteína total no VD e VE. RESULTADOS: A atividade da ECA aumentou no VD (+25% e VE (+70% após IM. A maior atividade foi observada na cicatriz fibrótica, onde atingiu cerca de 4,5 vezes a do músculo do VE que sobreviveu ao IM (420±68 vs 94±8nmoles/g/min; P<0,01. O IM determinou aumento da pressão diastólica final e hipertrofia do VD e VE. Captopril e losartan foram igualmente eficazes em atenuar a hipertrofia e o aumento da pré-carga. O captopril também atenuou o aumento de OH-Pro no VD e VE após IM. O IM reduziu a concentração de proteína principalmente no músculo de VE, efeito esse acentuado pelo captopril. CONCLUSÃO: A grande atividade da ECA na cicatriz deve produzir altas concentrações de angiotensina II (AII no sangue que drena da cicatriz. Os efeitos dos inibidores da ECA seriam decorrentes, principalmente, da redução de geração local de AII, e não de aumento de cininas, uma vez que captopril e losartan exerceram efeitos similares no remodelamento pós-infarto.

  10. Reduction of regurgitation in aortic insufficiency by inhibition of the renin/angiotensin conversion enzyme

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Reske, S.N.; Heck, I.; Mattern, H.

    1984-10-01

    The effect of captopril-mediated afterload reduction on regurgitation was investigated in 10 patients with aortic insufficiency. Regurgitation was quantitated by the regurgitation fraction and the relation of regurgitant volume to end-diastolic volume, which were derived from gated radionuclide ventriculography. 19 patients with coronary artery disease and no evidence of valvular heart disease served as controls. In patients with coronary artery disease no significant reguration was found. In patients with aortic regurgitation the blood concentration of angiotensin I increased whereas that of angiotensin II decreased significantly after captopril-medication; thus, the conversion of angiotensin I to II was reduced to about 50% of the control value. Whereas blood pressure and heart rate did not change significantly, the regurgitation fraction and the normalized regurgitant volume were significantly reduced. The ejection fraction remained essentially unchanged. These findings suggest a favorable influence of captopril-induced afterload reduction on hemodynamics in aortic regurgitation.

  11. Validação de método analítico para doseamento de flavonoides totais em cápsulas contendo extrato seco de Passiflora incarnata L.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana Ziliotto

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e validar metodologia analítica por espectrofotometria no UV para a quantificação de flavonóides totais, expressos em vitexina, em cápsulas contendo extrato seco de Passiflora incarnata L. O método foi desenvolvido a partir da metodologia de doseamento de flavonóides totais descrita na monografia do extrato seco de P. incarnata L, disponível na Farmacopeia Britânica (2010. A validação da metodologia analítica de doseamento foi realizada de acordo com a Anvisa RE N° 899/2003 e diretrizes da International Conference on Harmonization. O método mostrou-se seletivo, pois não houve interferência dos adjuvantes na leitura das absorbâncias nas soluções analisadas. Apresentou coeficiente de correlação linear (r de 0,9999, confirmando a linearidade do método. Os valores de desvio padrão relativo, obtidos tanto para precisão, nos níveis de repetibilidade e precisão intermediária, quanto para exatidão não excederam o máximo de 15% determinado nos critérios de aceitação para métodos bioanalíticos, considerando a complexidade da matéria-prima vegetal.

  12. Produção de mudas de tomateiro em substratos contendo fibra de coco e pó de rocha Tomato seedlings production using substrates with coconut fiber and rock waste

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Regynaldo A Sampaio

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar proporções dos resíduos fibra de coco (FC e pó de rocha de granito (RG como substratos na produção de mudas de tomateiro, cultivar Kada Gigante, realizou-se um experimento em casa de vegetação na UFMG-ICA. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por uma testemunha e seis proporções de fibra de coco (FC e pó de rocha de granito (RG: T1 - Substrato comercial Hortimix®; T2 - 0% FC + 100% RG; T3 - 20% FC + 80% RG; T4 - 40% FC + 60% RG; T5 - 60% FC + 40% RG; T6 - 80% FC + 20% RG; T7 - 100% FC + 0% RG. O cultivo foi feito em bandeja de poliestireno expandido com células de 3,5 x 3,5 x 5,0 cm. Foram avaliados o diâmetro do coleto, a altura da planta, o índice de velocidade de emergência, a percentagem de emergência e a massa fresca e seca da parte aérea e da raiz. Em praticamente todas as características avaliadas o substrato comercial foi superior aos substratos contendo fibra de coco e pó de rocha. Considerando-se apenas os substratos contendo fibra de coco e pó de rocha, as mudas com melhores características foram obtidas com a mistura de aproximadamente 70% em volume de fibra de coco.A greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate the ratio of coconut fiber and rock waste, in the tomato seedling production (cultivar Kada Gigante, in Montes Claros, Brazil. The experimental design was of randomized complete blocks with four replicates. The treatments were composed of a control and six ratios of coconut fiber (FC and rock waste (RG: T1 - Commercial Substrate Hortimix®; T2 - 0% FC + 100% RG; T3 - 20% FC + 80% RG; T4 - 40% FC + 60% RG; T5 - 60% FC + 40% RG; T6 - 80% FC + 20% RG; T7 - 100% FC + 0% RG. The cultivation was done in polystyrene trays with cells of 3.5 x 3.5 x 5,0 cm. Stem diameter, seedling height, emergency speed index, emergency percentage, root and aerial part of fresh and dry matter were evaluated. In

  13. Estudo de propriedades físico-químicas envolvidas no processo de compactação de uma formulação experimental contendo zidovudina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tatiana Angiolucci

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available Estudo das propriedades físico-químicas envolvidos no processo de compactação de uma formulação experimental contendo como fármaco modelo a zidovudina. O objetivo foi caracterizar o comportamento físico-químico de comprimidos produzidos por compressão direta usando-se diferentes pressões de compactação. Nas análises foram empregadas metodologias convencionais e não convencionais. A metodologia não convencional foi o uso da técnica da atenuação de raios-gama na determinação da porosidade. As metodologias convencionais utilizadas foram os testes de friabilidade, dureza e dissolução. Os modelos teóricos utilizados para explicar o comportamento físico-químico da formulação sob compressão são os proposto por Heckel e Walker. Os estudos mostraram que o processo de densificação é governado principalmente por deformações do tipo plásticas e pressões em torno de 246MPa são suficientes para induzir deformação plástica e consolidação do sistema compactado. Os resultados da análise de Walker indicam que a formulação tem propriedades de compressão que podem ser melhoradas.

  14. Digestibilidade aparente da energia e da fibra de dietas para ovinos contendo uréia, amiréia ou farelo de algodão Apparent digestibility of energy and fiber of sheep diets containing urea, starea or cottonseed meal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jane Maria Bertocco Ezequiel

    2001-02-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar a digestibilidade da energia e da fibra de dietas contendo uréia, amiréia ou farelo de algodão como fontes protéicas exclusivas e silagem de milho como volumoso. Utilizaram-se 24 borregos com 11 meses de idade e peso médio 31 kg e o método da coleta total de fezes. A ingestão de matéria seca foi de 64,1; 68,8 e 71,4 g/kg PV0,75/dia e as digestibilidades da energia da FDN e da FB foram 63,0; 67,7 e 64,4%, 39,6; 55,7 e 50,0%, 47,0; 49,3 e 53,4%, respectivamente, para dietas com uréia, amiréia e farelo de algodão. Os ganhos em peso foram 278,5; 348,0; e 293,7 g/anim.dia, na mesma ordem. O uso da amiréia poderá ser o mais adequado, em relação a uréia e farelo de algodão, em dietas para borregos contendo silagem de milho como volumoso.This research was conducted to evaluate the energy and the fiber digestibility of diets containing urea, starea and cottonseed meal as nitrogen sources and corn silage as forage. Twenty-four lambs averaging 11 months old and initial 31 kg LW and total feces collection method were used. Dry matter intake was 64.1, 68.8 and 71.4 g /kg PV.75 /day and the energy, NDF and CF digestibilities were 63.0, 67.7 and 64.4%, 39.6, 55.7 and 50.0%, 47.0, 49.3 and 53.4%, for the diets with urea, starea and cottonseed meal, respectively. The average weights gain were 278.5, 348.0 and 293.7 g/anim./day, in the same above sequence. The use of starea would be more adequate in relation to urea and cottonseed meal in diets with corn silage as forage for lambs.

  15. Relationship between insulin resistance and plasma endothelin in hypertension patients

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Duan Yongqiang; Wang Zuobing; Yu Hui; Cao Wei; Wang Jing; Li Xiaoqin

    2011-01-01

    To explore the relationship between plasma endothelin and hypertension insulin resistance, and the improvement of insulin resistance in hypertension patients treated with captopril and l-amlodipine, 25 patients with primary hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance were selected and treated by captopril and l-amlodipine. Systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin and insulin antibody were measured before and after treatment and compared with healthy controls. The results showed that the plasma ET-1 level in hypertension group was significantly higher than that of healthy controls (P<0.01), and he plasma ET-1 level was positively correlated with FPG, FINS, Anti-INS, HOMA-IR. The systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin, insulin antibody and insulin resistance index in hypertension patients were decreased significantly after treatment (P<0.05). There is a good correlation between endothelin and insulin resistance index in hypertension patients. Captopril and l-amlodipine had obvious improvement effect on insulin resistance in hypertension patients. (authors)

  16. Desempenho e características de carcaça de cordeiros alimentados com dietas contendo alta proporção de concentrado adicionadas de agentes tamponantes Performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot lambs fed high grain diets with buffer compounds

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adilson Luis Gastaldello Junior

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os efeitos da adição de bicarbonato de sódio ou de fontes de calcário com diferentes granulometrias na ração, associadas ou não a monensina sódica, sobre o desempenho e as características de carcaça de cordeiros confinados recebendo dietas contendo alta proporção de concentrado. Quarenta e dois cordeiros Santa Inês com peso inicial de 21 ± 3 kg e 88 ± 5 dias de idade foram distribuídos em blocos completos casualizados em arranjo fatorial 2 × 3, com seis tratamentos e sete repetições. Os animais foram alimentados com rações contendo 90% de concentrado, 10% de feno de "coastcross", uma fonte de calcário (calcário calcítico ou calcário calcítico tipo filler ou bicarbonato de sódio (NaHCO3, com ou sem adição de monensina sódica (30 mg/kg da MS. Não foi observada influência dos agentes tamponantes no consumo de matéria seca e no ganho de peso médio diário. Entretanto, a conversão alimentar dos animais alimentados com as rações contendo monensina sódica (3,32 kg MS/kg de ganho foi melhor que naqueles que consumiram as rações sem esse aditivo (3,58 kg MS/kg de ganho. Não houve efeito dos agentes tamponantes nos parâmetros de carcaça avaliados, observando-se valores médios de 50,4%; 2,4%; 13,9 cm² e 1,9 mm para o rendimento de carcaça quente, a perda por resfriamento, a área de olho-de-lombo e a espessura de gordura, respectivamente. A adição de monensina melhora a conversão alimentar e pode aumentar a rentabilidade do sistema de produção de cordeiros confinados.The objective of this study was to assess the effects of adding sodium bicarbonate or limestone sources with different particle sizes to the diet, and their interaction with sodium monensin, on the performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot lambs fed fed high grain diets. Forty two Santa Ines lambs were used with 21 ± 3 kg initial average body weight and 88 ± 5 days old in feedlot, placed a

  17. Crescimento e produtividade do almeirão em concentrações de N total contendo NH4+ na solução nutritiva Growth and yield of chicory plants under total N concentrations containing NH4+ in the nutrient solution

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodrigo dos Santos Godoi

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available O crescimento e a produtividade do almeirão foram determinados em cultivo hidropônico fechado com cinco concentrações de N contendo NH4+ na solução nutritiva. As cultivares "Amarelo" e "Pão de Açúcar" foram semeadas diretamente em fileiras distanciadas de 0,05m, em uma camada de areia de 0,15m, distribuída sobre telhas de fibrocimento. Após a emergência, foi efetuado o desbaste, mantendo-se uma densidade de 1.600plantas m-2. Foi empregada uma solução nutritiva padrão com a composição de, em mmol L-1, 11,0 de NO3-; 1,5 de H2PO4-; 6,5 de SO4-2; 7,5 de Ca+2; 10,0 de K+ e 1,5 de Mg+2 e, em mg L-1, 0,42 de Mn; 0,26 de Zn; 0,05 de Cu; 0,50 de B; 0,04 de Mo, e 4,82 de Fe quelatizado. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por concentrações totais de N de 11,0 (T1; 16,0 (T2; 21,0 (T3; 26,0 (T4 e 31,0 (T5mmol L-1, contendo concentrações de NH4+ de, zero; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0mmol L-1, respectivamente. O delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado foi empregado, com quatro repetições e parcelas subdivididas. Foram efetuadas colheitas aos 35, 59, 76 e 97 dias após a semeadura, mediante corte da parte aérea das plantas a 0,02m acima da superfície da areia, para determinar a matéria seca e fresca. A maior produtividade foi obtida com a solução nutritiva contendo 16mmol L-1 de N total e 2,5mmol L-1 de NH4+.Chicory plants, cv. Amarela and Pão de Açúcar, were hidroponically grown to determine growth and yield under five ammonium and nitrate N concentrations in the nutrient solution. Sowing was made in rows placed 0.05m apart, over a 0.15m deep sand growing bed supported by fibber cement tiles. After emergency, plants were thinned to a plant density of 1,600plants m-2. A standard nutrient solution was used, with the composition of, in mmol L-1, 11.0 de NO3-; 1.5 H2PO4-; 6.5 SO4-2; 7.5 Ca+2; 10.0 K+ and 1.5 Mg+2, and, in mg L-1, 0.42 Mn; 0.26 Zn; 0.05 Cu; 0.50 B; 0.04 Mo, and 4.82 chelated Fe. Treatments were total N

  18. ARGAMASSA CONTENDO AGREGADO MIÚDO RECICLADO DE RESÍDUO DE CONSTRUÇÃO E DEMOLIÇÃO

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    Juliana Oliveira Malta

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE Os diferentes tratamentos dados aos agregados reciclados influenciam nas propriedades das argamassas nos estados fresco e endurecido. Como estes agregados também possuem características peculiares, tais como, elevada absorção, forma lamelar, textura áspera e menor massa específica, surge a necessidade de estudar as diferentes práticas empregadas na dosagem de misturas contendo resíduos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a influência da incorporação de agregado miúdo reciclado em argamassas nos estados fresco e endurecido. Foram realizadas misturas de referência, e com teores de 25% e 50% de substituição de agregado miúdo natural por agregado miúdo reciclado. Para avaliar a influência da adição do resíduo nas argamassas no estado fresco utilizou-se o ensaio da mesa de consistência. Para avaliar essa influência no estado endurecido, foram realizados os ensaios de resistência à compressão axial nas idades de 3, 7 e 28 dias, além do ensaio de Absorção por imersão, na idade de 28 dias. Os resultados mostram que as misturas com agregado miúdo reciclado apresentaram-se menos resistentes e mais absorventes em relação às de referência. Este fato pode endossar a ideia de que a água de compensação utilizada para misturar as argamassas recicladas pode não permanecer no interior do agregado reciclado, migrando para a pasta, aumentando a relação a/c da mesma, tornando-a mais porosa e menos resistente. /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso

  19. Cinética da degradação ruminal de dietas contendo farelo de casca de pequi Ruminal degradation kinetics of diets with pequi hulls bran

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    Luciana Castro Geraseev

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available A casca de pequi é um resíduo do processamento do fruto, encontrado em grande volume nas regiões do cerrado brasileiro, que pode constituir uma alternativa para a alimentação de ruminantes. Avaliou-se a cinética da degradação ruminal da matéria seca (MS, proteína bruta (PB e fibra em detergente neutro (FDN do farelo da casca de pequi (FCP e de dietas contendo diferentes níveis do resíduo em substituição ao capim-elefante (CE. Foram utilizados quatro caprinos, machos, portando cânulas ruminais, dispostos em um delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com parcela subdividida. Avaliaram-se os parâmetros de degradabilidade do FCP, capim-elefante e de dietas contendo 0, 10, 20 e 30% de FCP em substituição ao CE. Os alimentos foram incubados no rúmen nos tempos de 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 e 96 horas. Os resultados indicaram degradação potencial da MS, PB e FDN do resíduo superiores a 90, 80 e 80%, respectivamente. A adição do FCP em substituição ao CE resultou em maior degradabilidade da matéria seca e fibra em detergente neutro, reflexo da maior fração solúvel e potencialmente degradável da MS do FCP. Para a fração protéica, a adição de FCP correlacionou-se negativamente com a fração solúvel, degradação potencial e efetiva, e positivamente com a fração insolúvel potencialmente degradável. A substituição do capim-elefante por FCP permite melhor aproveitamento da dieta, elevando o aporte de nutrientes ao animal.The pequi hulls is a waste of pequi processing, found in large volume in the Brazilian Cerrado, which may provide an alternative to ruminants' diet. This experiment was developed to evaluate the ruminal degradation kinects of dry matter (DM, crude protein (CP and neutral detergent fiber (NDF of pequi hulls bran (PHB and experimental diets, with different substitution levels of elephant grass (EG by pequi hulls bran. Four goats castrated with ruminal cannulas were used in a randomized complete block

  20. Estudo Reológico de Tintas de Poliuretano Contendo PAni-DBSA Aplicadas como Materiais Absorvedores de Microondas (8-12 GHz Rheological Study of Paints Based on Polyurethane and PAni-DBSA and its Application as Microwave Absorbing Materials (8 - 12 GHz

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    Rogério S. Biscaro

    2002-10-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho preparou-se tintas condutoras baseadas em blendas de poliuretano contendo polianilina em diferentes proporções. Estudou-se as influências do método de dopagem da polianilina (PAni e do tempo de processamento da mistura no comportamento reológico da tinta. Verificou-se que a dopagem, com o ácido dodecilbenzeno sulfônico (DBSA, por processamento reativo (PAni-DBSA-pr afetou, de maneira mais acentuada, a viscosidade da tinta devido, principalmente, ao excesso de ácido dopante presente nessa amostra. Esse efeito foi observado pelas análises reológicas devido às alterações nos valores de viscosidade complexa, controlando-se o tempo de repouso das misturas. Medidas espectrofotométricas na região do infravermelho foram realizadas para verificar a ocorrência de interações entre os componentes da mistura (o poliuretano e a polianilina, constatando-se que, possivelmente, não ocorreram ligações químicas, mas somente interações físicas. Observou-se também que, amostras contendo 15% (m/m de PAni-DBSA-pr absorveram aproximadamente 48% da radiação eletromagnética incidente (8-12 GHz, indicando a viabilidade do uso desta tinta como material absorvedor de radiação.In this work, conducting paints based on blends of polyurethane and polyaniline in different proportions were prepared. The effects of both, polyaniline doping method and the blend processing time on the paint rheological behavior were evaluated. It was observed that the doping of the polyaniline with dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid (DBSA by reactive processing (PAni-DBSA-pr altered the paint complex viscosity due to the excess of the DBSA used in that doping process. This effect was observed during the rheological analyses by controlling the resting time of the prepared samples. FTIR analyses were carried out to verify possible interactions among the components of the mixture (polyurethane and polyaniline, suggesting that no chemical reactions occurred, but

  1. A bradykinin-potentiating peptide (BPP-10c) from Bothrops jararaca induces changes in seminiferous tubules

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-01-01

    Background The testis-specific isoform of angiotensin-converting enzyme (tACE) is exclusively expressed in germ cells during spermatogenesis. Although the exact role of tACE in male fertility is unknown, it clearly plays a critical function in spermatogenesis. The dipeptidase domain of tACE is identical to the C-terminal catalytic domain of somatic ACE (sACE). Bradykinin potentiating peptides (BPPs) from snake venoms are the first natural sACE inhibitors described and their structure–activity relationship studies were the basis for the development of antihypertensive drugs such as captopril. In recent years, it has been showed that a number of BPPs – including BPP-10c – are able to distinguish between the N- and C-active sites of sACE, what is not applicable to captopril. Considering the similarity between tACE and sACE (and since BPPs are able to distinguish between the two active sites of sACE), the effects of the BPP-10c and captopril on the structure and function of the seminiferous epithelium were characterized in the present study. BPP-10c and captopril were administered in male Swiss mice by intraperitoneal injection (4.7 μmol/kg for 15 days) and histological sections of testes were analyzed. Classification of seminiferous tubules and stage analysis were carried out for quantitative evaluation of germ cells of the seminiferous epithelium. The blood-testis barrier (BTB) permeability and distribution of claudin-1 in the seminiferous epithelium were analyzed by hypertonic fixative method and immunohistochemical analyses of testes, respectively. Results The morphology of seminiferous tubules from animals treated with BPP-10c showed an intense disruption of the epithelium, presence of atypical multinucleated cells in the lumen and degenerated germ cells in the adluminal compartment. BPP-10c led to an increase in the number of round spermatids and total support capacity of Sertoli cell in stages I, V, VII/VIII of the seminiferous epithelium cycle, without

  2. A bradykinin-potentiating peptide (BPP-10c) from Bothrops jararaca induces changes in seminiferous tubules.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gilio, Joyce M; Portaro, Fernanda Cv; Borella, Maria I; Lameu, Claudiana; Camargo, Antonio Cm; Alberto-Silva, Carlos

    2013-11-06

    The testis-specific isoform of angiotensin-converting enzyme (tACE) is exclusively expressed in germ cells during spermatogenesis. Although the exact role of tACE in male fertility is unknown, it clearly plays a critical function in spermatogenesis. The dipeptidase domain of tACE is identical to the C-terminal catalytic domain of somatic ACE (sACE). Bradykinin potentiating peptides (BPPs) from snake venoms are the first natural sACE inhibitors described and their structure-activity relationship studies were the basis for the development of antihypertensive drugs such as captopril. In recent years, it has been showed that a number of BPPs - including BPP-10c - are able to distinguish between the N- and C-active sites of sACE, what is not applicable to captopril. Considering the similarity between tACE and sACE (and since BPPs are able to distinguish between the two active sites of sACE), the effects of the BPP-10c and captopril on the structure and function of the seminiferous epithelium were characterized in the present study. BPP-10c and captopril were administered in male Swiss mice by intraperitoneal injection (4.7 μmol/kg for 15 days) and histological sections of testes were analyzed. Classification of seminiferous tubules and stage analysis were carried out for quantitative evaluation of germ cells of the seminiferous epithelium. The blood-testis barrier (BTB) permeability and distribution of claudin-1 in the seminiferous epithelium were analyzed by hypertonic fixative method and immunohistochemical analyses of testes, respectively. The morphology of seminiferous tubules from animals treated with BPP-10c showed an intense disruption of the epithelium, presence of atypical multinucleated cells in the lumen and degenerated germ cells in the adluminal compartment. BPP-10c led to an increase in the number of round spermatids and total support capacity of Sertoli cell in stages I, V, VII/VIII of the seminiferous epithelium cycle, without affecting BTB permeability

  3. Tissue distribution in mice of BPP 10c, a potent proline-rich anti-hypertensive peptide of Bothrops jararaca.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Silva, Carlos A; Portaro, Fernanda C V; Fernandes, Beatriz L; Ianzer, Danielle A; Guerreiro, Juliano R; Gomes, Claudiana L; Konno, Katsuhiro; Serrano, Solange M T; Nascimento, Nanci; Camargo, Antonio C M

    2008-03-15

    The snake venom proline-rich peptide BPP 10c is an active somatic angiotensin-converting enzyme (sACE) inhibitors. Recently we demonstrated that the anti-hypertensive effect of BPP 10c is not related to the inhibition of sACE alone, thus suggesting that this enzyme is not its only target for blood pressure reduction. In the present work, a biodistribution study in Swiss mice of [(125)I]-BPP 10c in the absence or in the presence of a saturating concentration of captopril, a selective active-site inhibitor of sACE, demonstrated that: (1) [(125)I]-BPP 10c was present in several organs and the renal absorption was significantly high; (2) [(125)I]-BPP 10c showed a clear preference for the kidney, maintaining a high concentration in this organ in the presence of captopril for at least 3h; (3) The residual amount of [(125)I]-BPP 10c in the kidney of animals simultaneously treated with captopril suggest that the peptide can interact with other targets different from sACE in this organ. We also showed that Cy3-labeled BPP 10c was internalized by human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293T). Taken together, these results suggest that sACE inhibition by captopril affects the tissue distribution of [(125)I]-BPP 10c and that the anti-hypertensive effects of BPP 10c are not only dependent on sACE inhibition.

  4. Renal dynamic scintigraphy with captropil in systemic arterial hypertension diagnosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cervo, Marco Antonio Cadorna; Amarante Junior, Jose Luiz de Medeiros; Souza, Ricardo Alberto Manhaes; Evangelista, Maria Gardenia

    1995-01-01

    Forty one patients, 15 male and 16 female presenting systemic arterial hypertension were submitted to Basal RDC and after being simulated by Captopril; the radiotracer used was 99 mTc-DTPA (dietileno triamino pentacetic acid-99 Tc-technetium). From the 41 patients studied, 13 had the GFR (Glomerular filtration rate) Captopril when compared to Basal RDC radioactive, 11 of them were confirmed as having vascular renal disease by Renal Artiography and two of them were false (one case renal litiase and the other chronic pyelonephritis). Two more false negative cases have occurred in the RDC and three patients refused to be submitted to a Renal Arteriography. In the cases which the Total Glomerular Filtration Rate was reduced, there was an agreement of 89,5% between the RDC and the Renal Arteriography. No alterations have been observed in the Renal Arteriography on the remaining 23 patients and in the RDC after Captopril there was normal increase in the Glomerular Filtration Rate when compared to the Basal RDC. The method has showed sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 92%. We can conclude that the RDC with Captopril test is not an invasive method, it has good sensitivity and specificity and it can be indicated as a beginning test to select patients when you intend to detect vascular renal disease; nevertheless the RDC will never be used as a final test of vascular lesion. (author)

  5. Inhibitors of bacterial N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase (DapE) and demonstration of in vitro antimicrobial activity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gillner, Danuta; Armoush, Nicola; Holz, Richard C; Becker, Daniel P

    2009-11-15

    The dapE-encoded N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase (DapE) is a critical bacterial enzyme for the construction of the bacterial cell wall. A screen biased toward compounds containing zinc-binding groups (ZBG's) including thiols, carboxylic acids, boronic acids, phosphonates and hydroxamates has delivered a number of micromolar inhibitors of DapE from Haemophilus influenzae, including the low micromolar inhibitor L-captopril (IC(50)=3.3 microM, K(i)=1.8 microM). In vitro antimicrobial activity was demonstrated for L-captopril against Escherichia coli.

  6. Emulsion of systems containing egg yolk, polysaccharides and vegetable oil Emulsão de sistemas contendo gema de ovo, polissacarídeos e óleo vegetal

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    Clitor Junior Fernandes de Souza

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available This work characterizes the emulsifying properties of systems containing egg yolk (0.1; 1.0 and 2.5 % w/v and polysaccharides (xanthan gum, carrageen, pectin and carboxymethylcellulose and three different vegetable oils (sunflower, canola, and palm oils. Emulsifying activity and emulsion stability were measured of each combination and it was found the effect of the oil on emulsion stability correlated to the amount of monounsaturated fatty acid. Additionally, increased egg yolk concentration increased emulsifying activity by reducing coalescence of oil droplets. Lastly, 2.5% egg yolk and 0.2% polysaccharide generated emulsions with high emulsifying activity, excellent stability, and droplet size of 4.32 µm.Neste trabalho, caracterizam-se as propriedades emulsificantes de sistemas contendo gema de ovo (0,1; 1,0 e 2,5% m/v, polissacarídeos (goma xantana, carragena, pectina e carboximetilcelulose e três diferentes óleos vegetais (óleos de palma, canola e girassol. Atividade emulsificante e estabilidade da emulsão foram medidas para cada combinação e verificou-se o efeito do óleo sobre a estabilidade da emulsão correlacionada com a quantidade de ácido graxo monoinsaturado. Além disso, a concentração de gema de ovo aumentou a atividade emulsificante, reduzindo a coalescência das gotículas de óleo. Por último, 2,5 % de gema de ovo e 0,2% de polissacarídeo formaram emulsões com alta atividade emulsificante, excelente estabilidade e tamanho de gota de 4,32 µm.

  7. Efeito do óleo de mamona em composições de borracha natural contendo sílica Effects from the castor oil on silica-filled natural rubber compounds

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    Helson M. da Costa

    2004-03-01

    Full Text Available O potencial do óleo de mamona como um ativador para a vulcanização de composições de borracha natural (NR contendo sílica foi investigado. Utilizando-se um planejamento de experimentos adequado, manteve-se a concentração de sílica e outros aditivos constantes enquanto as quantidades de ácido esteárico, óleo de mamona e poli(etileno-glicol foram variadas. A cura foi conduzida em um reômetro de disco oscilatório TI-100 e a variável de controle escolhida foi a resistência à tração. Os resultados demonstraram que o óleo de mamona sozinho não exerce influência considerável sobre o desempenho mecânico da borracha natural em presença de sílica.The possible use of castor oil fatty acid as an activator for the vulcanization reaction in silica-filled natural rubber (NR compounds was investigated. The design and analysis of the experiments were carried out by keeping constant the concentration of silica and the other ingredients while the amounts of stearic acid, castor oil and poly(ethylene glycol were varied. Cure was carried out on a TI-100 oscillating disk rheometer, and the tensile strength was chosen as the control variable. The results show that the addition of castor oil does not significantly change the mechanical performance of silica-filled natural rubber compounds.

  8. Características nutricionais da carne de cordeiros terminados com dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar ou silagem de milho e dois níveis de concentrado Nutritional characteristics of meat from lambs finished with diets containing sugar cane or corn silage on two levels of concentrate

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    André Gustavo Leão

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar as características nutricionais da carne de cordeiros terminados em confinamento com dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar ou silagem de milho em duas relações volumoso:concentrado (60:40 ou 40:60, utilizaram-se 32 cordeiros Ile de France, não-castrados, com 15 kg de peso corporal distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 × 2. Os animais foram confinados em baias individuais e abatidos aos 32 kg. A carne dos cordeiros teve 74,55% de umidade, 19,61% de proteína bruta, 1,04% de cinzas e 51,28 mg/100 g de colesterol. O teor de extrato etéreo foi maior na carne dos cordeiros alimentados com dietas com silagem de milho (3,97% e na carne daqueles que receberam alimentação mais concentrada (4,02%. Os ácidos graxos em maior concentração na carne dos cordeiros foram C18:1w9 (37,93%, C16:0 (26,41%, C18:0 (17,09%, C14:0 (4,18% e C18:2w6 (4,00%. A carne dos animais alimentados com dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar apresentou maiores teores dos ácidos C10:0 (0,47% e C20:4w6 (4,17% e menores de C16:1w7 (2,02% e C18:3w3 (0,25%. A dieta com maior quantidade de cana-de-açúcar (60% promoveu maiores teores dos ácidos C15:0 (0,68%, C17:0 (2,13% e C20:2 (1,34% na carne. Dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar ou maior quantidade de volumoso (60% promovem menor deposição de gordura na carne de cordeiros. O tipo de volumoso tem maior influência no perfil de ácidos graxos da carne de cordeiro em comparação à relação volumoso:concentrado das dietas. Dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar em maiores proporções originam carne com maiores concentrações de ácidos graxos saturados de cadeia ímpar.The objective of this work was to evaluate nutritional characteristics of meat from lambs finished on feedlot with diets containing sugar cane or corn silage on two roughage:concentrate ratios (60:40 or 40:60. It was used 32 non castrated Ile de France lambs, with 15 kg of body weight distributed

  9. Protective Effects of Water Extract of Morus Nigra L. on 6-Hydroxydopamine Induced Parkinson’s Disease in Male Rats

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    Seyed Ali Ziai

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Although the etiology of PD is unknown, but major biochemical processes such as oxidative stress is largely described. Angiotensin II activates NADPH depending oxidases and produce superoxides formation. Morus nigra L. extract is an Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE inhibitor and tested for anti-Parkinsonism effects by biochemical and behavioral evaluations.Materials and Methods: In total 48 Male Wistar rats weighting 200-250 g were divided into 4 groups: (1 Sham (normal saline was injected in the left SNC, (2 Neurotoxin (injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into left SNC, (3 Morus nigra L. aqueous extract and (4 captopril. Morus nigra (10 mg/kg and captopril (5 mg/kg were daily-injected i.p. from 6 days before neurotoxin injection, until one day after 6-hydroxydopamine injection. Muscle stiffness and apomorphine test were assessed in 6 rats of any groups after two weeks. Protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and ACE activity were assessed in brains of 6 rats of each group after 24 hours.Results: Rotation test with apomorphine, Rigidity with Murprogo’s test, and lipid peroxidation in sham, captopril and Morus nigra groups were significantly lower than neurotoxin group. Protein oxidation in Morus nigra group was significantly lower than neurotoxin group. Brain ACE activity in neurotoxin, captopril and Morus nigra groups were inhibited.Conclusion: Morus nigra L. extract had protective effects on neuronal oxidation and death and improved signs of PD possibly by ACE inhibition.

  10. Combinational chelation therapy abrogates lead-induced neurodegeneration in rats

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pachauri, Vidhu; Saxena, Geetu; Mehta, Ashish; Mishra, Deepshikha; Flora, Swaran J.S.

    2009-01-01

    Lead, a ubiquitous and potent neurotoxicant causes oxidative stress which leads to numerous neurobehavioral and physiological alterations. The ability of lead to bind sulfhydryl groups or compete with calcium could be one of the reasons for its debilitating effects. In the present study, we addressed: i) if chelation therapy could circumvent the altered oxidative stress and prevent neuronal apoptosis in chronic lead-intoxicated rats, ii) whether chelation therapy could reverse biochemical and behavioral changes, and iii) if mono or combinational therapy with captopril (an antioxidant) and thiol chelating agents (DMSA/MiADMSA) is more effective than individual thiol chelator in lead-exposed rats. Results indicated that lead caused a significant increase in reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and intracellular free calcium levels along with altered behavioral abnormalities in locomotor activity, exploratory behavior, learning, and memory that were supported by changes in neurotransmitter levels. A fall in membrane potential, release of cytochrome c, and DNA damage indicated mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. Most of these alterations showed significant recovery following combined therapy with captopril with MiADMSA and to a smaller extend with captopril + DMSA over monotherapy with these chelators. It could be concluded from our present results that co-administration of a potent antioxidant (like captopril) might be a better treatment protocol than monotherapy to counter lead-induced oxidative stress. The major highlight of the work is an interesting experimental evidence of the efficacy of combinational therapy using an antioxidant with a thiol chelator in reversing neurological dystrophy caused due to chronic lead exposure in rats.

  11. Antiplaque and antigingivitis effects of a gel containing Punica granatum Linn extract: a double-blind clinical study in humans Efeito antiplaca e antiinflamatório de um gel contendo extrato de romã: estudo clínico duplo-cego em humanos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexandre Daher Yunes Salgado

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: The antiplaque and antigingivitis effects of a gel containing 10% Punica granatum Linn extract were evaluated using a 21-day partial-mouth experimental model of gingivitis. METHODS: 23 volunteers participated in this cross-over, double-blind study, carried out in 2 phases of 21 days each. For each period of the experiment, an acrylic toothshield was made for each volunteer to carry the test or placebo gel as well as to avoid brushing of the 4 experimental teeth (posterior teeth in the lower left quadrant. The subjects were randomly assigned to use either the placebo gel (control group or the test gel (experimental group and were instructed to brush the remaining teeth normally 3 times a day. On days 0 and 21, the visible plaque index (VPI and gingival bleeding index (GBI were recorded. RESULTS: The results did not show statistically significant difference between control and experimental groups for either of the indices (VPI and GBI. CONCLUSION: The gel containing 10% Punica granatum Linn extract was not efficient in preventing supragingival dental plaque formation and gingivitis.OBJETIVOS: O efeito antiplaca e antigengivite de um gel contendo extrato de romã a 10% foi avaliado utilizando um modelo de gengivite experimental parcial em humanos. MÉTODOS: 23 indivíduos participaram voluntariamente deste estudo cruzado, duplo-cego, compreendendo dois períodos de 21 dias cada um. Uma moldeira de acrílico foi confeccionada para cada participante, a qual foi utilizada como carreadora dos géis sobre a área a ser avaliada (hemiarco inferior esquerdo. Os sujeitos foram aleatoriamente designados para usar o gel placebo (grupo controle ou o gel teste (grupo experimental, sendo instruídos a colocar o gel na moldeira e esta sobre os dentes teste, escovando os outros normalmente três vezes ao dia. No dia 0 e dia 21 os índices de placa visível (IPV e índice de sangramento gengival (ISG foram registrados. RESULTADOS: Os resultados n

  12. Refractory oxides containing aluminium and barium Oxidos refratários contendo alumínio e bário

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    T. J. Davies

    1998-10-01

    Full Text Available Oxides containing aluminium and barium, optionally with chromium, are refractory with several possible industrial uses. A gel precursor of an oxide having the formula BaO.n(Al2xCr2yO3, where 1Oxidos contendo alumínio e bário, opcionalmente com crômio, são refratários com vários possíveis usos industriais. Foi preparado um gel precursor de um óxido de formula BaO.n(Al2xCr2yO3, com 1

  13. Hypertrophic response to hemodynamic overload: role of load vs. renin-angiotensin system activation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Koide, M.; Carabello, B. A.; Conrad, C. C.; Buckley, J. M.; DeFreyte, G.; Barnes, M.; Tomanek, R. J.; Wei, C. C.; Dell'Italia, L. J.; Cooper, G. 4th; hide

    1999-01-01

    Myocardial hypertrophy is one of the basic mechanisms by which the heart compensates for hemodynamic overload. The mechanisms by which hemodynamic overload is transduced by the cardiac muscle cell and translated into cardiac hypertrophy are not completely understood. Candidates include activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and angiotensin II receptor (AT1) stimulation. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that load, independent of the RAS, is sufficient to stimulate cardiac growth. Four groups of cats were studied: 14 normal controls, 20 pulmonary artery-banded (PAB) cats, 7 PAB cats in whom the AT1 was concomitantly and continuously blocked with losartan, and 8 PAB cats in whom the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was concomitantly and continuously blocked with captopril. Losartan cats had at least a one-log order increase in the ED50 of the blood pressure response to angiotensin II infusion. Right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy was assessed using the RV mass-to-body weight ratio and ventricular cardiocyte size. RV hemodynamic overload was assessed by measuring RV systolic and diastolic pressures. Neither the extent of RV pressure overload nor RV hypertrophy that resulted from PAB was affected by AT1 blockade with losartan or ACE inhibition with captopril. RV systolic pressure was increased from 21 +/- 3 mmHg in normals to 68 +/- 4 mmHg in PAB, 65 +/- 5 mmHg in PAB plus losartan and 62 +/- 3 mmHg in PAB plus captopril. RV-to-body weight ratio increased from 0.52 +/- 0.04 g/kg in normals to 1.11 +/- 0.06 g/kg in PAB, 1.06 +/- 0.06 g/kg in PAB plus losartan and 1.06 +/- 0.06 g/kg in PAB plus captopril. Thus 1) pharmacological modulation of the RAS with losartan and captopril did not change the extent of the hemodynamic overload or the hypertrophic response induced by PAB; 2) neither RAS activation nor angiotensin II receptor stimulation is an obligatory and necessary component of the signaling pathway that acts as an intermediary coupling load to the

  14. Atividade microbiana cecal e contribuição nutricional da cecotrofia em coelhos alimentados com rações contendo diferentes fontes de fibra e níveis de amido Caecal microbial activity and caecotrophy nutritional contribution in rabbits fed diets with different starch levels and fiber sources

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alex Martins Varela de Arruda

    2003-08-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se neste estudo a avaliação da atividade microbiana cecal e a contribuição nutricional da cecotrofia em coelhos alimentados com rações contendo diferentes níveis de amido (22 a 32% em média mediante a inclusão de milho grão e diferentes fontes de fibra (feno de alfafa ou casca de soja, em esquema fatorial 2x2. No primeiro experimento, 40 coelhos alojados em gaiolas de engorda individuais, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado e alimentados à vontade dos 45 aos 85 dias de idade, foram abatidos para coleta dos conteúdos ileais e cecais. A concentração de ácidos graxos voláteis foi influenciada pela interação entre tratamentos, sendo 93,82 mmol/l para ração de maior nível de amido com casca de soja e 80,03 mmol/l para ração de menor nível de amido com feno de alfafa. No segundo experimento, 40 coelhos aos 65 dias de idade, alojados em gaiolas de engorda individuais, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, foram alimentados à vontade por 10 dias, e receberam colares de madeira para permitir a coleta total de cecotrofos. Houve influência da interação entre tratamentos sobre os teores de proteína e energia dos cecotrofos, sendo de 29,66% e 4204,87 kcal/kg para ração contendo maiores níveis de amido e casca de soja e de 27,98% e 4080,46 kcal/kg para ração contendo menores níveis de amido e feno de alfafa. As rações de alto amido ou com casca de soja propiciaram maior enriquecimento do conteúdo cecal e melhor aporte nutricional para os coelhos.The objective of this study was to evaluate the caecal microbial activity and caecotrophy nutritional contribution in rabbits fed diets with differents starch levels (22 or 32% on average from a high or low inclusion of corn grain and differents fiber sources (alfalfa hay or soybean hulls, in a 2x2 factorial design. In the first experiment, 40 rabbits were individually housed in fattening cages within entirely randomized design, and fed ad libitum from 45 to 85

  15. Concurrent determination of Metformin and some ACE inhibitors: Its application to Pharmacokinetics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Farhan Ahmed Siddiqui

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available This study illustrates development and validation of a simple high performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of metformin hydrochloride and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (captopril, lisinopril, and enalapril in bulk dosage form and their application in pharmacokinetic studies. The quality resolute chromatogram was obtained by using a Purospher® Star RP-18 endcapped (250 × 4.6 mm id column as stationary phase while acetonitrile-water 50:50 (v/v as mobile phase, adjusted to pH 3.0 with phosphoric acid. Effluent was monitored at a flow rate of 1 mL min−1 at room temperature (25 °C, detector was set at 218 nm. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The linearity was studied over the concentration range of 10–10,000 ng mL−1 for metformin and 30–10,000 ng mL−1 for captopril, lisinopril, and enalapril, demonstrating good linearity with minimum r = 0.9964, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of metformin, lisinopril, captopril and enalapril.

  16. Desenvolvimento e avaliação da estabilidade física de loções O/A contendo filtros solares Development and evaluation of physical stability from O/ W lotions containing sunscreens

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Greice Stefani Borghetti

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available Os objetivos deste estudo foram desenvolver e avaliar a estabilidade física de loções do tipo O/A contendo 6% (p/p do filtro solar octilmetoxicinamato (OMC ou metilbenzilidenocânfora (MBC. As formulações foram armazenadas em temperatura ambiente durante seis meses e durante este período foram avaliadas com relação às suas características macroscópicas, viscosidade, comportamento reológico, índice de óleo, espalhabilidade e Fator de Proteção Solar (FPS. Os resultados demonstram que as formulações foram estáveis por seis meses. Os valores de FPS foram significativamente (P The objectives of this study were to develop and to evaluate the physical stability of O/W lotions containing 6% (w/w of the sunscreen octylmethoxycinnamate (OMC or methyl benzylidene camphor (MBC. The formulations were stored at room temperature, for six months and during this period its macroscopic characteristics, viscosity and rheological behavior, oil indexes, spreading properties and Sun Protection Factor (SPF were evaluated. The results demonstrate that both formulations were stable for six months. The SPF values were significantly (P < 0.05 higher for MBC formulation. On the other hand, the OMC formulation presented significantly (P < 0.05 higher spreading and lower viscosity values during the storage period.

  17. Artigo revisão: estabilização de suspensões aquosas contendo grafite Review article: stabilization of graphite-containing aqueous suspensions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    I. R. de Oliveira

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available A aplicação de materiais refratários contendo grafite tem aumentado muito nos últimos 10 anos, especialmente no caso de concretos refratários. Tais refratários são considerados compósitos singulares em que o grafite contribui para a redução da expansão térmica, aumento da resistência ao choque térmico, da energia de fratura e da resistência ao ataque por escória. Entretanto, sua baixa molhabilidade por água e líquidos orgânicos dificulta o seu processamento por meio de suspensões. Em virtude disso, um tratamento da superfície das partículas de grafite deve ser realizado visando melhorar sua molhabilidade e dispersão em suspensão aquosa. As principais características estruturais e superficiais responsáveis pela sua baixa molhabilidade e os métodos de tratamento superficial mais utilizados são abordados nesta revisão. Tais métodos de tratamento superficial envolvem, principalmente, a adsorção de agentes ativos na superfície, como é o caso dos surfactantes e polieletrólitos, e a cobertura da superfície por uma espécie hidrofílica.The application of graphite-containing refractories has increased enormously over the latest ten years, especially in the case of refractory castables. Graphite in such refractories contributes to the reduction of the material thermal expansion and improvement on its thermal shock resistance, fracture energy and slag resistance. However, the low wettability of graphite in water and organic liquids represents a barrier to its processing. Therefore, a surface treatment of graphite particles is required to improve its wettability and enable its dispersion in aqueous suspensions. The main structural and surface characteristics responsible for the low wettability of graphite, as well as the most common surface treatment methods applied are discussed in the present review article. Such surface treatment methods include the surface covering of graphite by hydrophilic species and the

  18. EMBALAGEM PLÁSTICA CONTENDO POLIAMIDA 6 PARA PRODUTOS CÁRNEOS E QUEIJOS: MIGRAÇÃO DE CAPROLACTAMA E EFEITO DA IRRADIAÇÃO. UMA REVISÃO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana Silva FÉLIX

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available

    As poliamidas são muito usadas como embalagem de alimentos, principalmente devido à resistência mecânica, térmica, química e à gordura, às boas propriedades de barreira e por serem termoformáveis. Filmes mono ou multicamadas contendo poliamida 6 são usados especialmente no acondicionamento de produtos cárneos e queijos. A caprolactama, monômero da poliamida 6, assim como oligômeros de baixa massa molecular, aditivos, compostos de degradação, entre outros, também podem estar presentes nas embalagens e têm potencial para migrar para o alimento em contato. O emprego da poliamida 6 como embalagem plástica para contato com alimentos é permitido no Brasil, na Europa e nos Estados Unidos, estando também autorizado o uso para contato com alimentos pré-embalados que serão submetidos à radiação ionizante. Apesar da baixa toxicidade, a presença de caprolactama em alimentos é considerada indesejável. A migração da caprolactama de embalagens de poliamida para alimentos e simulante de alimentos tem sido relatada em alguns estudos. Os níveis de caprolactama migrados variam dependendo da composição da embalagem, do tempo e temperatura de contato, do tipo de simulante ou alimento, entre outros fatores. A migração de caprolactama de embalagens de poliamida irradiadas está ainda relacionada à dose de irradiação, mas de maneira geral, mostra tendência de redução com o aumento da dose.

  19. Consumo e digestibilidade aparente em bezerros da raça holandesa alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes níveis de volumoso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ricardo Dias Signoretti

    1999-02-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de volumoso nas dietas sobre os consumos e as digestibilidades aparentes de matéria seca (MS, matéria orgânica (MO, proteína bruta (PB, extrato etéreo (EE, fibra em detergente neutro (FDN, carboidratos totais (CHOT e energia bruta (EB e sobre os consumos de nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT. Trinta e cinco bezerros da raça Holandesa puros por cruzamento, não-castrados, com idade média de 60 dias e peso vivo inicial de 78 kg, foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com nove repetições por dieta, exceto para a dieta com 10% de volumoso, com oito repetições. Os animais foram alimentados à vontade com dietas contendo níveis de 10, 25, 40 e 55% de volumoso, na base da MS, usando-se feno de capim coast-cross (Cynodon dactylon, fubá de milho e farelo de soja, os quais constituíram dietas com aproximadamente 16% de PB. O óxido crômico foi usado para obtenção das estimativas dos fluxos de MS fecal. Os carboidratos totais foram obtidos por 100 - (%PB + %EE + %Cinzas. O consumo de NDT foi obtido por (cPB - PBf + 2,25 (cEE - EEf + (cCHOT - CHOTf, em que c significa consumo e f, excreção fecal. Não houve efeito dos níveis de volumoso nas dietas sobre os consumos de MS e MO (kg/dia, % PV e g/kg0,75 e de PB e CHOT (kg/dia e % PV. O consumo de FDN (kg/dia, %PV e g/kg0,75 aumentou, enquanto o consumo de EE e NDT (em kg/dia e %PV reduziu linearmente em função dos níveis de volumoso na dieta. Houve efeito linear decrescente sobre as digestibilidades aparentes de MS, MO, PB, EE, CHOT e EB, em função do aumento dos níveis de volumoso nas dietas, enquanto a digestibilidade aparente da FDN não foi influenciada. Os consumos de EE, FDN e NDT e as digestibilidades aparentes de MS, MO, EE, PB, CHOT e EB foram influenciados pelos níveis de volumoso nas dietas.

  20. Efeito de um dentifrício fluoretado contendo bicarbonato de sódio na contagem de estreptococos do grupo mutans, acidogenicidade e composição da placa dental Effect of a fluorated dentifrice containing baking soda on mutans counting, acidogenicity and dental plaque composition

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa Fernanda IGNÁCIO

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available Avaliou-se o efeito de um dentifrício contendo bicarbonato de sódio na contagem de estreptococos do grupo mutans (EM, acidogenicidade e composição da placa dental. Vinte e três voluntários escovaram os dentes 3 vezes ao dia, com formulações fluoretadas (1.500 ppm F, contendo, ou sílica (SÍLICA, ou carbonato de cálcio (CARBONATO, ou carbonato de cálcio mais bicarbonato de sódio (CARB/BICAR, num delineamento duplo cego cruzado, com 3 etapas de 30 dias. No 28º dia, 8 a 12 horas após a última escovação, foi realizada a contagem de estreptococos do grupo mutans na saliva (EMS. No 30º dia (após 2 dias, nos quais os voluntários bochecharam 3 vezes/dia uma suspensão do dentifrício em água, e 6 vezes/dia sacarose a 10%, analisou-se na placa dental, após 10 a 12 horas do último bochecho de dentifrício: a contagem de mutans (EMP; b polissacarídeos álcali solúveis (PSA; c flúor solúvel em ácido (FSA; d pH no tempo zero (T0, após 5 minutos de bochecho com sacarose (T5, calculando-se o DpH (T0-T5. Os resultados (média + erro padrão para SÍLICA, CARBONATO e CARB/BICAR foram respectivamente:1 EMS (x106 UFC/ml saliva = 11,43 + 7,62 A; 2,33 + 1,04 A; 2,07 + 1,10 A; 2 EMP (x106 UFC/mg placa = 0,099 + 0,095 A; 0,027 + 0,018 A; 0,007 + 0,003 A; 3 PSA (mg/mg placa = 6,89 + 0,62 AC; 8,46 + 0,80 AB; 6,11 + 0,59 C; 4 FSA ((mg/g placa = 36,67 + 10,10 A; 48,12 + 19,23 A; 52,21 + 15,12 A; 5 T0 = 6,72 + 0,12 A; 6,88 + 0,13 A; 6,65 + 0,11 A; 6 T5 = 5,61 + 0,13 A; 5,71 + 0,13 A; 5,70 + 0,12 A; 7 DpH = 1,12 + 0,11 A; 1,17 + 0,11 A; 0,95 + 0,10 A, sendo que médias seguidas por letras distintas diferem entre si ao nível de 5% de significância. Os resultados demonstram que, embora o dentifrício contendo bicarbonato de sódio tenha apresentado, coletivamente, uma tendência a influenciar positivamente nos diversos fatores relacionados à cárie dental, não diferiu significantemente dos dentifrícios contendo carbonato de cálcio ou s

  1. Revestimentos tradicionais de paredes de tabique e respetivos impactos no desempenho térmico

    OpenAIRE

    Paiva, Anabela; Cunha, Sandra; Soares, Nuno; Ferreira, Débora; Varum, Humberto; Lanzinha, João; Pinto, Jorge

    2014-01-01

    Este trabalho de investigação centrou-se no estudo experimental do desempenho térmico de sistemas construtivos tradicionais de paredes de tabique. Para o efeito, diferentes modelos de paredes de tabique foram construídos e ensaiados termicamente em laboratório. Geralmente, uma parede de tabique é um elemento construtivo caracterizado por apresentar um sistema estrutural de madeira que é revestido por terra ou por uma argamassa terrosa bastarda. Uma parede de tabique pode ser divis...

  2. Desenvolvimento de formulações de biscoitos tipo cookie contendo café Development of cookie formulations containing coffee

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Melissa de Abreu Andrade Rodrigues

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver formulações de biscoitos tipo cookie contendo café. Desenvolveram-se três formulações com inserção de café como: bebida tipo expresso, café solúvel e café torrado e moído, utilizando como base uma formulação americana adaptada aos ingredientes brasileiros e à inserção de café. A composição centésimal média (base seca foi: 7% umidade, 70% carboidratos, 8% proteínas, 21% gorduras e 1% minerais, com valor calórico médio de 499 kcal.100 g -1. A composição centesimal e o valor calórico observados foram similares a valores reportados para biscoitos cookie comercialmente disponíveis. A forma de inserção de café afetou as características sensoriais dos produtos, avaliados por metodologia descritiva de perfil de sabor e de textura. A Formulação 1 (bebida tipo expresso apresentou valores inferiores para a intensidade dos atributos referentes à presença de rachaduras, fragmentação, presença de pontos escuros, aroma de café e queimado. A Formulação 2 (café solúvel apresentou notas superiores de intensidade dos atributos de cor marrom, brilho, sabor amargo e de queimado, sabor residual de açúcar mascavo e crocância da borda e inferiores para concavidade. A Formulação 3 (café torrado e moído apresentou valores superiores para a presença de pontos escuros. As três formulações apresentaram notas satisfatórias e equivalentes de aceitação por crianças.The aim of the present study is to develop cookie formulations containing coffee. Three formulations were developed, each with a distinct way of adding coffee: espresso beverage, instant coffee and roasted coffee powder. The average proximate composition (dry basis of the formulations was 7% moisture, 70% carbohydrates, 8% protein, 21% fat and 1% minerals, resulting in an average caloric value of 499 kcal per 100 g product. Both the proximate composition and average caloric value were similar to values reported

  3. Sol-gel encapsulation for controlled drug release and biosensing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fang, Jonathan

    The main focus of this dissertation is to investigate the use of sol-gel encapsulation of biomolecules for controlled drug release and biosensing. Controlled drug release has advantages over conventional therapies in that it maintains a constant, therapeutic drug level in the body for prolonged periods of time. The anti-hypertensive drug Captopril was encapsulated in sol-gel materials of various forms, such as silica xerogels and nanoparticles. The primary objective was to show that sol-gel silica materials are promising drug carriers for controlled release by releasing Captopril at a release rate that is within a therapeutic range. We were able to demonstrate desired release for over a week from Captopril-doped silica xerogels and overall release from Captopril-doped silica nanoparticles. As an aside, the antibiotic Vancomycin was also encapsulated in these porous silica nanoparticles and desired release was obtained for several days in-vitro. The second part of the dissertation focuses on immobilizing antibodies and proteins in sol-gel to detect various analytes, such as hormones and amino acids. Sol-gel competitive immunoassays on antibody-doped silica xerogels were used for hormone detection. Calibration for insulin and C-peptide in standard solutions was obtained in the nM range. In addition, NASA-Ames is also interested in developing a reagentless biosensor using bacterial periplasmic binding proteins (bPBPs) to detect specific biomarkers, such as amino acids and phosphate. These bPBPs were doubly labeled with two different fluorophores and encapsulated in silica xerogels. Ligand-binding experiments were performed on the bPBPs in solution and in sol-gel. Ligand-binding was monitored by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the two fluorophores on the bPBP. Titration data show that one bPBP has retained its ligand-binding properties in sol-gel.

  4. Development and validation of dissolution method for carvedilol compression-coated tablets

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ritesh Shah

    2011-12-01

    rotação e a concentração de tensoativo no meio. As amostras foram analisadas por método espectrofotométrico UV-visível validado, em 286 nm. O laurilsulfato sódico a 1% (SLS mostrou-se ótimo para aumentar a solubilidade do carvedilol em pH 6,8 em tampão cítrico-fosfato. A análise da variância não mostrou diferença significativa entre os resultados obtidos a 50 e a 100 rpm. O método da dissolução discriminante foi desenvolvido com sucesso para os comprimidos revestidos de carvedilol. As condições que permitiram a determinação da dissolução foram: aparelho USP tipo I a 100 rpm, contendo 1000 mL de HCL 0,1 N por 2 horas, seguido de pH 6,8 com tampão cítrico-fosfato, com 1% de SLS por 22 horas a 37,0 ± 0,5 ºC. Amostras foram analisadas por método espectrofotométrico e validadas pelas normas ICH.

  5. Evidence for modulation of pericryptal sheath myofibroblasts in rat descending colon by Transforming Growth Factor β and Angiotensin II.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pedley Kevin C

    2002-02-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Absorption of water and Na+ in descending colonic crypts is dependent on the barrier function of the surrounding myofibroblastic pericryptal sheath. Here the effects of high and low Na+ diets and exposure to whole body ionising radiation on the growth and activation of the descending colonic pericryptal myofibroblasts are evaluated. In addition the effect of a post-irradiation treatment with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor Captopril was investigated. Methods The levels of Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1, ACE, collagen type IV, transforming growth factor-β type 1 receptor (TGF-βR1, OB cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin in both descending colon and caecum were evaluated, using immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy, in rats fed on high and low Na+ diets (LS. These parameters were also determined during 3 months post-irradiation with 8Gy from a 60Co source in the presence and absence of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, Captopril. Results Increases in AT1 receptor (135.6% ± 18.3, P Conclusions These results demonstrate an activation of descending colonic myofibroblasts to trophic stimuli, or irradiation, which can be attenuated by Captopril, indicative of local trophic control by angiotensin II and TGF-β release.

  6. The contributions of adrenal hormones, hemodynamic factors, and the endotoxin-related stress reaction to stable prostaglandin analog-induced peripheral lymphopenia and neutrophilia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ulich, T R; Keys, M; Ni, R X; del Castillo, J; Dakay, E B

    1988-01-01

    Stable prostaglandin analogs are known to induce lymphopenia and neutrophilia in a dose-dependent fashion after subcutaneous injection in rats. The purpose of the present investigation is to determine whether the prostaglandin-induced changes in circulating leukocytes might be secondary to hypotension with the ensuing release of adrenal hormones. The adrenal medullary catecholamine epinephrine was found to induce neutrophilia in both intact and adrenalectomized rats, and the glucocorticosteroid analog dexamethasone induced a profound lymphopenia in rats as reported by previous investigators. A stable analog of PGF2 alpha (15-S-15-methyl PGF2 alpha; M-PGF2 alpha) at the dose of 1 mg/kg induced marked systemic hypotension 1 h after injection, with lymphopenia and neutrophilia 6 h after injection. The non-prostanoid hypotensive agent captopril, at a dose of 63 mg/kg, induced a hypotension of similar magnitude and kinetics to that induced by prostaglandin. Captopril also induced lymphopenia and neutrophilia at 6 h, although the neutrophilia was of lesser magnitude than that induced by prostaglandins. The prostaglandin-induced lymphopenia was found to be mediated, at least in part, by the hypotension-induced release of adrenal hormones, as evidenced by the abrogation of lymphopenia in prostaglandin-treated adrenalectomized rats. Captopril-treated adrenalectomized rats, however, did develop a significant lymphopenia, suggesting that hypotension can result in lymphopenia even in adrenalectomized rats. The M-PGF2 alpha-induced neutrophilia in adrenalectomized rats, by comparison to captopril-induced neutrophilia in adrenalectomized rats, was greater than the neutrophilia expected as the result of hypotension alone. Indeed, the M-PGF2 alpha-induced neutrophilia in adrenalectomized rats was greater than the captopril-induced neutrophilia in sham-adrenalectomized rats. Thus, a portion of the neutrophilia induced by M-PGF2 alpha in intact rats may be mediated through adrenal

  7. application of new ferrocene derivative for electrocatalytic

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    B. S. Chandravanshi

    application of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, differential pulse voltammetry ... The poor selectivity, slow kinetic of electrooxidation and very weak ..... cysteine and glutathione that have similar structure affect on the signal of captopril.

  8. Development and evaluation of a chronotherapeutic drug delivery system of torsemide

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Songa Ambedkar Sunil

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available The objective of this study was to prepare and evaluate chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems (ChrDDs of torsemide. Compression coated tablets (CCT containing torsemide in the core tablet were prepared by the compression coating technique with different grades of polyethylene oxide (PEO WSR 301 & 1105. The optimized formulations were characterised for tabletting parameters and drug polymer interaction by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR.The hardness of all the CCT using PEO WSR 301 & PEO WSR 1105 were in the range 6-8 kg/cm² & 5.5 to 7 kg/cm² respectively. Their friability values were 99%. The FTIR studies showed no interaction throughout the process of development. Formulations of F7 and of P7 were considered optimized formulations since they yielded a predetermined lag time of 6h before burst release. Hence, these formulations can be exploited to achieve chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems of Torsemide for the treatment of hypertension at the time the patient needs it.O objetivo deste estudo foi preparar e avaliar sistemas cronoterapêuticos de liberação de fármacos (ChrDDs de torsemida. Comprimidos revestidos por compressão (CCT contendo torsemida no (núcleo foram preparados pela técnica de revestimento por compressão, com diferentes categorias de óxido de polietileno (PEO WSR 301 & 1105. As formulações otimizadas foram caracterizadas por parâmetros de compressão e interação fármaco polímero por Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR. A dureza dos CCT utilizando PEO WSR 301 e PEO WSR 1105 foi entre 6-8 kg/cm² e 5,5 a 7 kg/cm², respectivamente. Os valores de friabilidade foram 99%. Os estudos de FTIR mostraram que não h[a interação durante o processo de desenvolvimento. As formulações F7 e P7 foram consideradas otimizadas, uma vez que resultaram em tempo de retardo pré-determinado de 6 h antes da liberação por meio de explosão. Dessa forma, estas formulações podem ser exploradas para

  9. Archaea como componentes da microbiota endofítica de frutos do cafeeiro

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira, Marcelo Nagem Valério de

    2009-01-01

    Este é o primeiro estudo de diversidade genética da comunidade de Archaea associada a frutos de café (Coffea arabica L.). Ele foi realizado em amostras de frutos no estádio cereja das cultivares Bourbon Amarelo, Bourbon Vermelho, Catuaí Amarelo, Catuaí Vermelho e Catucaí Vermelho, em diferentes altitudes. A diversidade de arqueas presentes durante a secagem natural de grãos despolpados em terreiro revestido com cimento também foi estudada. A adição de proteases durante a etapa de lise celular...

  10. Estudio comparativo de los procesos de soldadura smaw y gmaw en las uniones de tuberías de transporte de combustible

    OpenAIRE

    Rivadeneyra Camino, Antonio; Serrano, Omar

    2009-01-01

    El sistema de transporte de combustible se realiza mediante sistemas de tuberías. Las uniones de los tubos se realiza por medio de proceso de soldadura SMAW o también llamado de electrodo revestido. Un proceso más rápido y que tiene mejor rendimiento en sus materiales consumibles es el proceso de soldadura GMAW o de electrodo desnudo con gas protector. Se realiza un estudio comparativo en todos los aspectos, como dilución, inspección visual, inspección radiográfica, ensayos y pruebas mecá...

  11. Calificación de procedimientos de soldadura, operadores y soldadores en procesos smaw y gmaw, de acuerdo al código aws d1.1 para aceros estructurales

    OpenAIRE

    Chan Pozo, Ma. Angelica; Serrano Valarezo, Omar

    2009-01-01

    Inicialmente, se explicará el procedimiento de calificación de soldaduras de ranura y se expondrán los tipos de ensayos de calificación establecidos por el código citado y sus respectivos criterios de aceptación. A continuación, se calificará una soldadura de ranura en V realizada mediante el proceso de Soldadura de Arco con Electrodo Revestido, SMAW. Si dicha soldadura fuera aprobada se elaborará el respectivo Certificado de Calificación del Procedimiento y el Registro de Calificación de...

  12. Smooth muscle LDL receptor-related protein-1 deletion induces aortic insufficiency and promotes vascular cardiomyopathy in mice.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joshua E Basford

    Full Text Available Valvular disease is common in patients with Marfan syndrome and can lead to cardiomyopathy. However, some patients develop cardiomyopathy in the absence of hemodynamically significant valve dysfunction, suggesting alternative mechanisms of disease progression. Disruption of LDL receptor-related protein-1 (Lrp1 in smooth muscle cells has been shown to cause vascular pathologies similar to Marfan syndrome, with activation of smooth muscle cells, vascular dysfunction and aortic aneurysms. This study used echocardiography and blood pressure monitoring in mouse models to determine whether inactivation of Lrp1 in vascular smooth muscle leads to cardiomyopathy, and if so, whether the mechanism is a consequence of valvular disease. Hemodynamic changes during treatment with captopril were also assessed. Dilation of aortic roots was observed in young Lrp1-knockout mice and progressed as they aged, whereas no significant aortic dilation was detected in wild type littermates. Diastolic blood pressure was lower and pulse pressure higher in Lrp1-knockout mice, which was normalized by treatment with captopril. Aortic dilation was followed by development of aortic insufficiency and subsequent dilated cardiomyopathy due to valvular disease. Thus, smooth muscle cell Lrp1 deficiency results in aortic dilation and insufficiency that causes secondary cardiomyopathy that can be improved by captopril. These findings provide novel insights into mechanisms of cardiomyopathy associated with vascular activation and offer a new model of valvular cardiomyopathy.

  13. Hypotensive and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Eisenia fetida Extract in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Shumei Mao

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Objectives. This study aimed to investigate the antihypertensive effects of an Eisenia fetida extract (EFE and its possible mechanisms in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR rats. Methods. Sixteen-week-old SHR rats and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY rats were used in this study. Rats were, respectively, given EFE (EFE group, captopril (captopril group, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS (normal control group and SHR group for 4 weeks. ACE inhibitory activity of EFE in vitro was determined. The systolic blood pressure (SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP were measured using a Rat Tail-Cuff Blood Pressure System. Levels of angiotensin II (Ang II, aldosterone (Ald, and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1α in plasma were determined by radioimmunoassay, and serum nitric oxide (NO concentration was measured by Griess reagent systems. Results. EFE had marked ACE inhibitory activity in vitro (IC50 = 2.5 mg/mL. After the 4-week drug management, SHR rats in EFE group and in captopril group had lower SBP and DBP, lower levels of Ang II and Ald, and higher levels of 6-keto-PGF1α and NO than the SHR rats in SHR group. Conclusion. These results indicate that EFE has hypotensive effects in SHR rats and its effects might be associated with its ACE inhibitory activity.

  14. Bending of pipes with inconel cladding; Curvamento de tubos revestidos com inconel

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Nachpitz, Leonardo; Menezes, Carlos Eduardo B; Vieira, Carlos R. Tavares [PROTUBO, Macae, RJ (Brazil)

    2008-07-01

    The pipes used in offshore equipment, such as wet Christmas trees, sub sea manifolds and rigid platform risers, as well as some pipes for refineries and ships, must have mechanical resistance to high pressure and also be resistant to corrosion from acids. Some special materials, such as stainless steel, duplex and super duplex steel are used to resolve this problem, but the cost is very high. Besides the problem of cost, these materials have other drawbacks, such as the difficulty of welding them, a technology mastered in few countries. As a better alternative, the use has been increasing of carbon steel and API pipes coated internally with inconel by welding deposition. This groundbreaking technology, of proven efficiency, has a far superior cost-benefit relation. Carbon steel and API pipes, besides having better mechanical resistance to high pressure and corrosion resistance, can be fabricated with technology mastered worldwide. Nickel alloys, such as inconel, are highly resistant to corrosion and temperature, and in these aspects are better than stainless steels. The pipes for transportation equipment and for refining hydrocarbons, as mentioned above, require various turns and special geometries, which generally are solved by the use of bends and spools made by high-frequency induction. This technology, already well established for various carbon and stainless steels, was developed to work with pipes coated internally with inconel (inconel cladding). Therefore, our work describes the process of fabricating bends from API steel pipes with inconel cladding, demonstrating the efficacy of this technology along with its quality gains and cost reduction. (author)

  15. Qualidade de medicamentos fitoterápicos contendo extrato de Aesculus hippocastanum registrados no Brasil / Quality of phytotherapeutic drugs registered in Brazil containing Aesculus hippocastanum extract

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Evelin Elfriede Balbino

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available As sementes de Aesculus hippocastanum L. (Hippocastanaceae, conhecida como casta-nha-da-Índia, são utilizadas em várias partes do mundo no tratamento da insuficiência venosa crônica. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de amostras co-merciais de medicamentos fitoterápicos contendo extrato de sementes de A. hippocas-tanum. O total de 16 amostras comercializadas no Brasil com registro válido em março de 2013 foram avaliadas quanto à correspondência com as especificações do dossiê de registro aprovado pela ANVISA. As amostras foram analisadas em Laboratório Oficial, quanto ao perfil cromatográfico, teor de escina, características macroscópicas e micros-cópicas e peso médio. A bula e a rotulagem foram avaliadas por especialista da ANVISA. Os resultados apontaram que 13 dos 16 medicamentos avaliados apresentavam ao me-nos uma não-conformidade. Portanto, é imprescindível a implementação de ações de vigilância sanitária efetivas, com foco no monitoramento e avaliação de medicamentos fitoterápicos ao longo de sua comercialização. ------------------------------------------------------------------- The seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum L. (Hippocastanaceae, known as horse-chestnut, have been used in several parts of the world to treat chronic venous insufficiency. The present study aimed to evaluate the quality of commercial samples of herbal medicines containing extract of A. hippocastanum seeds. In total, 16 commercial samples from Brazilian market with a valid registration in March 2013 were analyzed for the concor-dance with the specifications contained in each application file approved by ANVISA. The fingerprint, the content of aescin, the mean weight and macro and microscopic analysis of these medicines were carried out in an official laboratory. Furthermore, the evalua-tion of the package leaflet and the packaging was achieved by an ANVISA specialist. The results showed that 13 of the 16 commercial

  16. PADRONIZAÇÃO DE EXCIPIENTES PARA MANIPULAÇÃO DE CÁPSULAS GELATINOSAS DURAS CONTENDO EXTRATO SECO DE VALERIANA (Valeriana officinalis, PRODUZIDAS NO PROJETO FARMÁCIA VIVA EM SOBRAL-CE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antônio Neudimar Bastos Costa

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available O Projeto Farmácia Viva é o primeiro projeto de assistência social farmacêutica desenvolvido no Brasil baseado no emprego científico de plantas medicinais. Dentre as formulações padronizadas a partir de cápsulas gelatinosas duras, destacam-se as cápsulas contendo Extrato Seco de Valeriana. Para manipulação dessas cápsulas, é necessária uma quantidade adicional de excipientes, que possuem papel importante na qualidade, segurança e no desempenho do medicamento. O objetivo deste estudo é padronizar excipientes para formulação fitoterápica em cápsulas manipuladas no Projeto Farmácia Viva. A metodologia seguida foi por meio de análise bibliográfica sobre os variados excipientes e fitoterápicos e análise de bulas de medicamentos para posterior sugestão de padronização. Foram manipuladas 30 cápsulas e submetidas ao controle da qualidade, onde foram avaliados o peso médio, limite de variação, coeficiente de variação, desvio padrão e variação do conteúdo teórico das cápsulas. A formulação de Valeriana proposta teve como excipientes escolhidos o estearato de magnésio (0,5 % como lubrificante, o dióxido de silício coloidal (1,0 % como deslizante, o talco farmacêutico (1,0 % como adsorvente, o amido farmacêutico (73,0 % como um diluente hidrofóbico, lactose monohidratada (24,5 % como um diluente hidrofílico. Todos os resultados do controle da qualidade obtidos atenderam as especificações farmacopeicas.

  17. Frequency, Levels and Predictors of Potential Drug-Drug ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    major or moderate interactions included rifampin + pyrazinamide (14 cases), phenobarbital + diazepam (14), dexamethasone + rifampin (8), amikacin + furosemide (7), furosemide + captopril (7), dexamethasone + phenobarbital (6), phenobarbital + divalproex sodium (6), isoniazid + rifampin (5) amikacin + ibuprofen (5), ...

  18. Avaliação nutricional e desempenho da silagem de raiz de mandioca contendo ou não soja integral em dietas para suínos = Nutritional evaluation and performance of cassava root silage with or without whole soybean in swine diets

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Augusto Alves da Silva

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Dois experimentos foram conduzidos para determinar o valor nutritivo e o desempenho de suínos nas fases de crescimento e período total, alimentados com dietas formuladas com silagem de raiz de mandioca contendo ou não soja integral. No primeiro, foram utilizados 15 suínos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em parcelas (animais subdivididas no tempo (subparcelas, totalizando cinco tratamentos e seis repetições. Os alimentos avaliados foram silagem de raiz de mandioca (MA, silagem de raiz de mandioca com inoculante (MI, silagem de raiz de mandioca + soja integral (MS e silagem de raiz de mandioca + soja integral com inoculante (MSI. As silagens apresentaram bons valores nutritivos e o uso de inoculante não foi efetivo para melhorar a digestibilidade dos nutrientes. No segundo, foram utilizados 36 suínos mestiços, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com restrição na casualização para duas classes de peso inicial, com três tratamentos, seisrepetições e dois animais por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos consistiram em raçãotestemunha à base de milho e farelo de soja (RT e outras duas com substituição total do milho por MA e MS. Para fase de crescimento, a conversão alimentar melhorou com o uso das silagens.Conclui-se que as silagens de mandioca, contendo ou não soja integral, apresentam bons valores nutritivos e podem substituir totalmente o milho na ração de suínos nas fases de crescimento eperíodo total.Two experiments were carried out to determine the nutritional value and performance of growing and total-period swine fed cassava root silage with or without whole soybean. In the first group, 15 crossbred swine were used, in a completely randomized design with parcels (animals subdivided in time (subparcels with five treatmentsand six replications. The study evaluated cassava root silage (CA, cassava root silage with inoculant (CI, cassava root silage + whole soybean (CS and

  19. Medications and Supplements (Other Than Steroids)

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... people taking this drug. Cardiac Medications Aniotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors (i.e. Lisinopril, Captopril, Enalapril) These ... Care About PPMD ❯ Mission & Impact Staff & Board News History Finance & Operations Partners Media Contact us Get Involved ❯ ...

  20. Desempenho de bovinos jovens alimentados com dietas contendo grão úmido de milho ou sorgo Performance of young cattle fed diets with high moisture corn or sorghum

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauricio Scoton Igarasi

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este estudo verificar diferenças no desempenho de animais jovens alimentados com dietas contendo grão úmido de milho ou sorgo. Utilizaram-se dois tratamentos experimentais, nos quais a dieta total possuía, como ingrediente energético principal, grão úmido de milho (TMU ou grão úmido de sorgo (TSU. Noventa novilhos inteiros F1 Red Angus ´ Nelore, com 8 meses de idade e 240 kg de peso vivo médio inicial, foram alimentados durante 172 dias e divididos nos dois tratamentos, segundo delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Não foi verificada diferença para ganho de peso diário, ganho de peso total e peso final de abate. Com relação à carcaça, a área de olho-de-lombo, a espessura de gordura subcutânea e a espessura de gordura na garupa também não diferiram estatisticamente entre os tratamentos. Concluiu-se que a substituição integral do TMU pelo TSU não alterou o desempenho de bovinos jovens em confinamento.The differences on performance of young cattle fed diets with high moisture corn or sorghum were evaluated in two treatments, where the main energy source of the total diet was composed of high moisture corn (HMC or sorghum (HMS. Ninety Angus ´ Nelore crossbred young bulls, averaging 8 month of age and 240 kg BW and fed during 172 days were allotted to two experimental treatments as a completely randomized design. No treatment effect on average daily gain, total weight gain and slaughter final weight was observed. Regarding the carcass, ribeye area, subcutaneous fat thickness and rump fat thickness also did not differ between treatments. In conclusion, the totally replacement of high moisture corn by high moisture sorghum did not affect performance of feedlot young cattle.

  1. Análise comparativa de embalagens secundárias e bulas de medicamentos contendo Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer A comparative analysis of inner wrapping and package inserts for medicines containing Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariangela Tirico Auricchio

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available As informações contidas nas bulas e embalagem de medicamentos de diferentes fabricantes contendo Panax ginseng foram analisadas comparativamente com os dados encontrados na literatura científica. Observaram-se bulas longas, com várias informações em relação às indicações de uso, muitas das quais sem comprovação em humanos, e todas foram deficitárias em relação aos .efeitos adversos e interações medicamentosas. Foi observada falta de padronização quanto às posologias, em relação tanto ao extrato seco, quanto ao teor dos ginsenosídeos presentes. Constatou-se a falta de homogeneidade nas informações aos usuários sobre indicações de uso, efeitos adversos e interações medicamentosas entre as oito amostras estudadas.The information provided on package inserts and inner wrapping of eight products containing Panax ginseng from different manufacturers was compared internally and checked against data from the scientific literature. The inserts included extensive text, containing abundant information on indications for use, but no scientific evidence in humans. All the inserts lacked information on potential adverse effects and drug interaction. There was no standardization as to dose regimens, particularly in relation to the dried extract and ginsenoside concentration. The eight inserts thus showed no concern over standardization, indication for usage, or possible side effects and drug interactions.

  2. Efeito de gomas de mascar contendo clorofenol / peróxido de hidrogênio, xilitol ou clorexidina no fluxo salivar, pH, capacidade tampão e escores salivares de Streptococcus mutans = Effects of chlorophenol / hydrogen peroxide versus xylitol or chlorhexidine as chewing gum on salivary flow rate, pH, buffer capacity and salivary Streptococcus mutans scores

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yévenes López, Ismael

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos: Gomas de mascar medicadas são preparações sólidas, de dose única, que devem ser mastigadas por um determinado período de tempo a fim de que um ou mais agentes farmacológicos sejam admnistrados. Neste contexto, gomas de mascar medicadas com três ingredientes farmacêuticos ativos – cânfora, p-clorofenol e peróxido de hidrogênio – foram avaliadas como agentes terapêuticos para cárie dentária. O objetivo deste estúdio foi comparar o efeito de gomas de mascar contendo chlorophenol / peróxido de hidrogênio, xilitol ou clorexidina sobre Streptococos mutans salivares, pH, capacidade tampão, a taxa de secreção salivar. Métodos: Foi realizado estudo duplo-cego, com deliamento de randomização cruzada de tratamento em 24 pacientes. Esses foram submetidos a seis sequências diferentes de tratamento. Gomas de mascar foram administradas três vezes ao dia durante 20 minutos, pela manhã, tarde e noite. No início e no final das três fases de amostras de saliva experimentais foram obtidas para a determinação de pH, capacidade tampão, fluxo salivar e enumeração quantitativa de S. mutans. Resultados: O uso de goma medicado de cânfora com p-clorofenol e peróxido de hidrogénio não modificaram os parâmetros químicos salivares medidos, e reduziram o número de S. mutans, após 7 dias. Gomas de mascar contendo clorexidina reduziram significativamente a contagem quantitativa de S. mutans e a taxa de fluxo salivar em um período de 7 dias. Conclusões: O uso de gomas de mascar medicadas com base de cânfora / p-clorofenol ou com peróxido de hidrogênio não altera significativamente os parâmetros químicos salivares e não reduz significativamente o número de S. mutans após a utilização por período de 7 dias

  3. Renovascular Hypertension: Clinical Features, Differential Diagnoses and Basic Principles of Treatment

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Petrovic Dejan

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Renovascular hypertension is caused by renal artery stenosis. Its prevalence in populations of hypertensive patients is 1-8%, and in populations of patients with resistant hypertension, it is up to 20%. The two main causes of stenosis are atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia of the renal artery. The main clinical consequences of renal artery stenosis include renovascular hypertension, ischemic nephropathy and “flash” acute pulmonary oedema. Unilateral stenosis of the renal artery causes angiotensin II-dependent hypertension, and bilateral stenosis of the renal arteries produces volume-dependent hypertension. Renovascular aetiology of hypertension should be questioned in patients with resistant hypertension, hypertension with a murmur identified upon auscultation of the renal arteries, and a noticeable side-to-side difference in kidney size. Non-invasive diagnostic tests include the determination of concentrations of peripheral vein plasma renin activity, the captopril test, captopril scintigraphy, colour Doppler ultrasonography, computed tomography angiography, and nuclear resonance angiography. Renovasography represents the gold standard for the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension. The indications for revascularization of the renal artery include haemodynamically significant renal artery stenosis (with a systolic pressure gradient at the site of stenosis of - ΔP ≥ 20 mmHg, along with the ratio of the pressure in the distal part of the renal artery (Pd and aortic pressure (Pa less than 0.9 (Pd/Pa 0.8, chronic kidney disease (GFR <30 ml/min/1.73 m2 and negative captopril scintigraphy (lack of lateralization.

  4. Impact of angiotensin and endothelin converting enzymes and related bradykinin on renal functions in L-NAME hypertensive rats

    Science.gov (United States)

    Omar, Ali Zainal; Maulood, Ismail M.

    2017-09-01

    The renin-angiotensin system (RAS), one of the most important hormonal systems, controls the kidney functions by regulating fluid volume, and electrolyte balance. The current study included the effects of kinin-kallikrein system (KKS) and its interaction with both angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and endothelin converting enzyme (ECE) on some of kidney function test parameters. In the present experiment, rats were divided into six groups, the first group was infused with normal saline, the second group was L-NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) treated rats, third group was bradykinin (BK), forth group was captopril (ACEi), fifth group was phosphoramidon (ECEi), sixth group was a combination of BK with phosphoramidon. L-NAME was intravenously infused for one hour to develop systematic hypertension in male rats. After one hour of infusion, the results showed that L-NAME significantly increased serum creatinine. While, it decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and K+ excretion rate. Moreover, BK increased packed cell volume PCV%, serum creatinine and K+ ion concentration. While, it reduced GFR, serum Ca+2 ion concentration, K+ and Na+ excretion rates. On the other hand, captopril infusion showed its effect by reduction in GFR, serum Ca+2 ion and electrolyte excretion rates. Phosphoramidon an ECEi dramatically reduced serum Ca+2 ion, but it increased pH, GFR and Ca+2 excretion rate. The results suggested that BK and Captopril each alone severely reduces GFR value. Interestingly, inhibition of ET-1 production via phosphoramidon could markedly elevate GFR values.

  5. Mitigation of radiation-induced lung fibrosis by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kma, Lakhan; Gao, Feng; Jacobs, Elizabeth R.; Medhora, Meetha; Fish, Brian L.; Moulder, John E.

    2014-01-01

    The aim of this study was to test the mitigating potential of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) against radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which could result from accidental exposure or radiological terrorism. Rats (WAG/RijCmcr) were exposed to a single dose of 13 Gy of X-irradiation to the whole thorax, at the dose rate of 1.43 Gy/min. Three structurally-different ACEi's, captopril (145-207 mg/m 2 /day), enalapril (19-28 mg/m 2 /day) and fosinopril (19-28 mg/m 2 /day) were administered in drinking water beginning 1 week after whole thoracic irradiation. Rats that survived acute pneumonitis (6-12 weeks) were accessed monthly after irradiation for the effects on lung structure and function. Endpoints included breathing rate, wet:dry weight ratio, collagen content and histolopathological studies. Treatment with captopril or enalapril, but not fosinopril, beginning 1 week after 13 Gy X-irradiation improved survival of rats. Mortality of 30-35% was observed with administration of captopril or enalapril compared to 70% for 13 Gy alone. All three ACEi's attenuated radiation-induced lung fibrosis at 7 months after irradiation based on histological indices and measurement of lung collagen. After whole-thoracic irradiation, ACEi's mitigate radiation induced pulmonary fibrosis based on histological and biochemical endpoints. These treatments were effective even when administration was not started until one week after irradiation. Our findings support the therapeutic potential of ACEi's against chronic radiation induced lung injury. (author)

  6. Soft-Template-Synthesized Mesoporous Carbon for Oral Drug Delivery

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Saha, Dipendu [ORNL; Warren, Kaitlyn E [ORNL; Naskar, Amit K [ORNL

    2014-01-01

    Template-synthesized mesoporous carbons were successfully used in in vitro investigations of controlled delivery of three model drugs, captopril, furosemide, and ranitidine hydrochloride. Captopril and furosemide exhibited desorption kinetics over 30 40 h, and ranitidine HCl had a complete release time of 5 10 h. As evident from the slow release kinetics, we contend that our mesoporous carbon is an improved drug-delivery medium compared to state-of-the-art porous silica-based substrates. The mesoporous carbons, synthesized from phloroglucinol and lignin, a synthetic and a sustainable precursor, respectively, exhibit BET surface area of 200 400 m2 g-1 and pore volume of 0.2 0.6 cm3 g-1. The phloroglucinol-based carbon has narrower pore widths and higher pore volume than the lignin-derived counterpart and maintains a longer release time. Numerical modeling of the release kinetics data reveals that the diffusivities of all the drugs from lignin-based carbon media are of equivalent magnitude (10-22 to 10-24 m2 s-1). However, a tailored reduction of pore width in the sorbent reduces the diffusivity of smaller drug molecules (captopril) by an order of magnitude. Thus, engineered pore morphology in our synthesized carbon sorbent, along with its potential to tailor the chemistry of its interaction with sorbet, can be exploited for optimal delivery system of a preferred drug within its therapeutic level and below the level of toxicity.

  7. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors of Bothrops jararaca snake venom affect the structure of mice seminiferous epithelium.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alberto-Silva, Carlos; Gilio, Joyce M; Portaro, Fernanda C V; Querobino, Samyr M; Camargo, Antonio C M

    2015-01-01

    Considering the similarity between the testis-specific isoform of angiotensin-converting enzyme and the C-terminal catalytic domain of somatic ACE as well as the structural and functional variability of its natural inhibitors, known as bradykinin-potentiating peptides (BPPs), the effects of different synthetic peptides, BPP-10c (captopril were evaluated in the seminiferous epithelium of male mice. The adult animals received either one of the synthetic peptides or captopril (120 nmol/dose per testis) via injection into the testicular parenchyma. After seven days, the mice were sacrificed, and the testes were collected for histopathological evaluation. BPP-10c and BPP-AP showed an intense disruption of the epithelium, presence of atypical multinucleated cells in the lumen and high degree of seminiferous tubule degeneration, especially in BPP-AP-treated animals. In addition, both synthetic peptides led to a significant reduction in the number of spermatocytes and round spermatids in stages I, V and VII/VIII of the seminiferous cycle, thickness of the seminiferous epithelium and diameter of the seminiferous tubule lumen. Interestingly, no morphological or morphometric alterations were observed in animals treated with captopril or BPP-11e. The major finding of the present study was that the demonstrated effects of BPP-10c and BPP-AP on the seminiferous epithelium are dependent on their primary structure and cannot be extrapolated to other BPPs.

  8. Reversible diminished renal sup(99m)Tc-DMSA uptake during converting-enzyme inhibition in a patient with renal artery stenosis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kremer Hovinga, T K; Beukhof, J R; Donker, A J.M.; Luyk, W H.J. van; Piers, D A

    1984-03-01

    A patient is described who had accelerated hypertension and unilateral renal artery stenosis, and who developed further deterioration in renal function during treatment with captopril, an angiotension-I (AI) converting-enzyme inhibitor. sup(99m)Tc-DMSA uptake was greatly diminished in the stenotic kidney, although renal blood flow and handling of /sup 131/I hippurate was preserved. Uptake of sup(99m)Tc-DMSA in the affected kidney returned after substitution of captopril by the vasodilator minoxidil, while a comparable degree of blood pressure control was maintained. This, caution must be taken when interpreting results of sup(99m)Tc-DMSA scintigraphy in patients with proven or suspected renal artery stenosis treated with an AI converting-enzyme inhibiting drug. Moreover, our finding points to the importance of glomerular filtration in the renal handling of /sup 99/Tc-DMSA.

  9. Reversible diminished renal sup(99m)Tc-DMSA uptake during converting-enzyme inhibition in a patient with renal artery stenosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kremer Hovinga, T.K.; Beukhof, J.R.; Donker, A.J.M.; Luyk, W.H.J. van; Piers, D.A.

    1984-01-01

    A patient is described who had accelerated hypertension and unilateral renal artery stenosis, and who developed further deterioration in renal function during treatment with captopril, an angiotension-I (AI) converting-enzyme inhibitor. sup(99m)Tc-DMSA uptake was greatly diminished in the stenotic kidney, although renal blood flow and handling of 131 I hippurate was preserved. Uptake of sup(99m)Tc-DMSA in the affected kidney returned after substitution of captopril by the vasodilator minoxidil, while a comparable degree of blood pressure control was maintained. This, caution must be taken when interpreting results of sup(99m)Tc-DMSA scintigraphy in patients with proven or suspected renal artery stenosis treated with an AI converting-enzyme inhibiting drug. Moreover, our finding points to the importance of glomerular filtration in the renal handling of 99 Tc-DMSA. (orig.)

  10. Avaliação de Revestimentos de Liga de Níquel 625 Depositados pelo Processo Eletroescória

    OpenAIRE

    Sandes, Soraia Simões; Alvarães, Camila Pereira; Mendes, Matheus Campolina; Araújo, Leonardo Sales; Souza, Luis Felipe Guimarães de; Jorge, Jorge Carlos Ferreira

    2017-01-01

    Resumo A aplicação de revestimentos de ligas de níquel é comumente realizada na indústria de petróleo e gás para aumento da vida de equipamentos em ambientes agressivos, dado que este procedimento melhora a resistência à corrosão, sem um aumento significativo do custo de produção quando comparado com equipamentos maciços fabricados com outras ligas. Normalmente, as juntas são soldadas pelos processos de eletrodos revestidos, MIG/MAG ou TIG. Neste aspecto, o processo eletroescória realiza depo...

  11. Ukola Club. Bar americano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Azpiazu, J. R.

    1961-03-01

    Full Text Available En la calle de Serrano, aprovechando un semisótano dedicado a otro negocio anteriormente, se ha instalado un bar americano, de cuyo interior ofrecemos algunos pormenores. Se han cuidado, especialmente, las condiciones acústicas, resueltas por medio de un techo de escayola perforada, con vitrofib en su parte superior, y paredes de madera, que contribuyen a darle un ambiente cálido y acogedor. El soporte de hierro laminado existente en el centro del local, cuya supresión hubiera sido costosa, se ha revestido con lajas de mármol que le convierten en un elemento decorativo.

  12. Tecnología de recuperación de sierras de disco para el proceso de la madera // Recovering Technology of circular saws for the wood process

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. J. Martínez Rodríguez

    1998-01-01

    Full Text Available Se señala la recuperación de sierras de discos, a partir del estudio de su asignación de servicio y de las condiciones de trabajo.Se recomienda la preparación de la superficie deteriorada y su restauración mediante el método de soldadura por arco eléctricocon electrodo revestido._______________________________________________________________________AbstractThis article shows the way to restore circular saws, based on a study of its duty assignment and working conditions. It issuggested the preparations of the damaged surface and restoration using arc welding method with coated electrodes.

  13. Digestibilidade e tempo de trânsito gastrintestinal de dietas contendo níveis crescentes de fibra bruta para pacu - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v32i2.8625 Digestibility and gastrointestinal transit time of diets with increasing dietary fiber levels to pacu - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v32i2.8625

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thiago Matias Torres Nascimento

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a digestibilidade e o tempo de trânsito gastrintestinal (TTGI de dietas contendo níveis crescentes de fibra bruta (FB para pacus. Para avaliar a digestibilidade foram utilizados 288 pacus, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, alimentados em aquários e transferidos para coletores do tipo Guelf Modificado, utilizando-se o método de coleta parcial de fezes. As rações foram marcadas com 1% de óxido de crômio para a determinação da digestibilidade das dietas. No ensaio de TTGI, 288 pacus foram distribuídos em 24 aquários em delineamento inteiramente casualizado e alimentados com rações contendo 1% óxido de titânio ou crômio, que apresentam cores diferentes, verde ou branca, respectivamente. Por meio de massagem abdominal foi averiguada periodicamente a cor das fezes, e o TTGI foi estabelecido quando as fezes de todos os peixes apresentaram cor verde. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente das dietas e o TTGI foram reduzidos com aumento do nível de FB nas dietas. Conclui-se que em dietas para pacus pode-se empregar até 9% de FB sem efeito negativo na digestibilidade da energia, proteína, matéria seca e estrato etéreo e sem alterar o TTGI.This work aimed to evaluate the effect of increasing dietary fiber levels on the digestibility and gastrointestinal transit time (GTT for pacu. The digestibility trial used 288 pacu in a completely randomized design, fed in aquaria and transferred to a modified Guelf-type feces collector, using the partial sampling method. The inert marker on the diets was chromic oxide (1% to establish the diet digestibility. In the GTT assay, 288 pacu were distributed in 24 aquaria in a completely randomized design. Fish were fed with two colored diets – green and white – and feces color was determined after abdominal pressure. The white and green diets used 1% of titanium and chromic oxides, respectively. Total GTT was determined when all fish showed green

  14. CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITORS AND THE ROLE OF THE SULFHYDRYL-GROUP IN THE POTENTIATION OF EXOGENOUS AND ENDOGENOUS NITROVASODILATORS

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    VANGILST, WH; DEGRAEFF, PA; DELEEUW, MJ; WESSELING, H

    In this study, the effect of bradykinin on coronary flow in the isolated rat heart was significantly potentiated when cysteine or the sulfhydryl-containing converting enzyme inhibitors captopril and zofenoprilat were administered simultaneously. In contrast, the effect of concomitant administration

  15. Geographic variation in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction in the VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarcTion (VALIANT) trial

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Reed, Shelby D; McMurray, John J V; Velazquez, Eric J

    2006-01-01

    BACKGROUND: The VALIANT trial compared the efficacy and safety of captopril, valsartan, and their combination in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction, heart failure, or both after acute myocardial infarction (MI). By examining this international trial population of high-risk patients...

  16. Is Dysguesia Going to be a Rare or a Common Side‑effect of ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    amlodipine are peripheral edema (8.3%), fatigue (4.5%), dizziness, palpitations, myalgia, stomachache, headache, dyspepsia, nausea, blood disorders, gynecomastia, .... Coulter DM. Eye pain with nifedipine and disturbance of taste with captopril: A mutually controlled study showing a method of postmarketing surveillance.

  17. Isolamento de clones com atividade lipolítica do metagenoma de solo contaminado com gordura animal e caracterização de uma nova e eficiente lipase

    OpenAIRE

    Glogauer, Arnaldo

    2012-01-01

    Resumo: Um gene de uma nova lipase foi identificado a partir de uma biblioteca metagenomica de 500.000 clones construida com a fracao majoritariamente procariotica do DNA de um solo contaminado com gordura animal, proveniente de uma estacao de tratamento de efluentes. Na triagem inicial feita em agar contendo 1% de tributirina, 2661 dos 500.000 clones da biblioteca metagenomica apresentaram atividade. Destes, 127 apresentaram atividade em agar contendo 1% de tricaprilina, enquanto que 32 se m...

  18. Comparison of renal function and cardiovascular risk following acute myocardial infarction in patients with and without diabetes mellitus

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Anavekar, Nagesh S; Solomon, Scott D; McMurray, John J V

    2008-01-01

    . The valiant trial identified 14,527 patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by either clinical or radiologic signs of heart failure and/or left ventricular dysfunction for whom baseline creatinine was measured. Patients were randomly assigned to receive captopril, valsartan, or both. Glomerular...

  19. VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarcTion (VALIANT) trial: baseline characteristics in context

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Velazquez, Eric J; Pfeffer, Marc A; McMurray, John V

    2003-01-01

    BACKGROUND: The VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarcTion (VALIANT) trial compared outcomes with: (1) angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (ACEI) with the reference agent captopril; (2) angiotensin-receptor blockade (ARB) with valsartan; or (3) both in patients with heart failure (HF) and...

  20. Effects of aspirin on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and left ventricular dilation one year after acute myocardial infarction

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Oosterga, M; Anthonio, RL; de Kam, PJ; Kingma, JH; Crijns, HJGM; van Gilst, WH

    1998-01-01

    There are conflicting reports on the interaction of aspirin with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in heart failure and systemic hypertension. A past hoc analysis of the Captopril and Thrombolysis Study (CATS) study was conducted. At randomization, 94 patients (31.5%) took aspirin. In

  1. Blockade of Rennin-Angiotensin system blunts the fibrotic response in experimental acute pyelonephritis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Singal A

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Aim: To study the impact of Renin-Angiotensin system blockade in experimental acute pyelonephritis, induced by a novel surgical approach via dorsal lumbotomy incision. Materials and Methods : 45 Adult female WISTAR rats aged 8-12 weeks, underwent direct inoculation of 0.1 ml of E.coli suspension into the parenchyma of the surgically exposed kidney. 3 groups of rats were studied: Group A - treated with antibiotics only; Group B- Captopril and antibiotics and Group C- Losartan and antibiotics. Changes of acute inflammation, parenchymal destruction and scarring were compared between the groups on histopathological sections. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. Results : Changes consistent with acute pyelonephritis were seen in all the kidneys. Mean% scar area in Group A, Group B and Group C was 37.08±1.79, 24.40±1.88 and 24.68±1.32% respectively at end of six weeks. Mean tubular density in Group A, B and C was 17.26±1.92, 47.18±3.00 and 47.00±5.08-tubules/lac mm2 respectively. The differences between the control and the treated animals were significant, though the results did not differ between the losartan and captopril treated rats. Conclusions : Dorsal lumbotomy approach to the kidney provides a good exposure of the kidney. Induction of acute pyelonephritis by direct inoculation of bacteria into renal cortex produced a consistent scar at 6 weeks. Blockade of renin angiotensin system by either captopril or losartan decreased the renal scar area by almost 1/3 at 6 weeks.

  2. Artigo revisão: atuação dos antioxidantes em refratários contendo carbono Review article: performance of the antioxidants in carbon containing refractories

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. P. Luz

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Os materiais refratários contendo carbono têm despertado grande atenção nos últimos anos, uma vez que são amplamente utilizados na indústria siderúrgica em virtude de suas excelentes propriedades. A presença do carbono nos refratários contribui para o aumento da resistência ao choque térmico, da energia de fratura e da resistência ao ataque por escória. Entretanto, a principal desvantagem do seu uso é a sua alta susceptibilidade a oxidação. Com o objetivo de manter o carbono presente na estrutura do material refratário o maior tempo possível, algumas medidas são requeridas para reduzir sua oxidação sob condições operacionais. Desta forma, o uso de substâncias conhecidas como antioxidantes tem sido extensivamente estudado. Os principais antioxidantes, suas características e formas de atuação são abordados nesta revisão. A formação de novos compostos devido à reação entre os antioxidantes com o carbono, nitrogênio, oxigênio e o próprio material refratário pode provocar um preenchimento parcial dos poros e redução da taxa de interdifusão dos gases, havendo assim a prevenção da oxidação do carbono presente no refratário.Carbon containing refractories have received great attention over the last years, as they are widely used in the steel making industry due to their better properties, such as: higher thermal shock resistance, fracture energy and slag resistance. However, their main disadvantage is the carbon oxidation. Aiming to keep carbon in the structure of the refractory material some actions are required in order to reduce its oxidation under operational conditions. Therefore, the use of materials known as antioxidants has been extensively studied. The main antioxidants, their characteristics and performance are discussed in the present review article. The formation of new compounds due to the reaction of the antioxidants with carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and the refractory material can induce a pore

  3. Dietas contendo silagem de milho (Zea maiz L. e feno de capim-tifton 85 (Cynodon spp. em diferentes proporções para bovinos Corn silage and tifton 85 bermudagrass hay-based diets for steers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Clara Rodrigues Cavalcante

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available Avaliaram-se o consumo, a digestibilidade, o pH e concentração de amônia ruminais e a taxa de passagem em bovinos alimentados com dietas contendo feno de capim-tifton 85 (TIF e silagem de milho (SM em diferentes proporções. Utilizaram-se quatro animais castrados, com peso médio de 523kg, fistulados no rúmen, distribuídos em um quadrado latino 4 x 4, recebendo 60% de volumoso e 40% de concentrado, na base da matéria seca. O volumoso consistiu das seguintes proporções (%: 100 TIF:0 SM; 67 TIF:33 SM; 33 TIF:67 SM e 0 TIF:100 SM. Os consumos de matéria seca (MS, de matéria orgânica (MO e de matéria orgânica digestível (MOD, de proteína bruta (PB, de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN e de carboidratos totais (CHOT e digeríveis (CHOD não foram influenciados pelas diferentes proporções de feno de capim-tifton 85: silagem de milho nas dietas, registrando-se valores médios de 9,2; 8,7; 6,4; 1,1; 3,7; 7,3 e 5,4 kg/dia, respectivamente. O consumo de extrato etéreo (EE elevou linearmente com o aumento da silagem de milho nas dietas. As digestibilidades aparentes da MS, MO, PB, EE e CHO também não foram influenciadas pelas diferentes proporções de silagem de milho, obtendo-se, respectivamente, valores médios de 71,8; 73,0; 69,5; 69,2 e 73,9%. Para a digestibilidade da FDN, observou-se efeito quadrático, estimando-se valor máximo de 65,2% para dietas contendo 30,98% de silagem de milho. Estimou-se concentração máxima de amônia de 12,0 mg/100 ml e valor mínimo de pH de 5,98 às 2,44 e 6,82 horas após a alimentação, respectivamente. A taxa de passagem não foi influenciada pelas diferentes proporções de feno:silagem, no volumoso, apresentando valor médio de 4,2%/hora.The intake, digestibility, ruminal pH and ammonia concentrations and passage rate were evaluated in steers fed corn silage (CS and Tifton 85 bermudagrass hay (T85H-based diets, at different forage proportions. Four rumen fistulated steers with 523 kg of live

  4. Desenvolvimento e estudos de estabilidade preliminares de emulsões O/A contendo Cetoconazol 2,0% = Development and Preliminary Stability Evaluations of O/W emulsion containing Ketoconazole 2.0%

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vanessa Catalá Casteli

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver emulsões O/A contendo Cetoconazol 2,0% e avaliar sua estabilidade preliminar por meio da análise de suas características físicoquímicas, tais como homogeneidade, formação de agregados, floculação, cremeação ecoalescência. As emulsões foram formuladas utilizando diferentes bases autoemulsionantes, compostas por álcool cetoestearílico, álcool etoxilado, álcool graxos superiores, ácido esteárico, lanolina e outros. As emulsões foram submetidas aos testes de centrifugação,estresse térmico e ciclo gela-degela, e suas características organolépticas e físico-químicas foram avaliadas no início e no final de cada ensaio. Todas as amostras mantiveram sua homogeneidade após o teste de centrifugação, mas somente os sistemas preparados comceras autoemulsionáveis constituídas por álcool graxos superiores (Polawax NF® e Copolímero de Amônio Acriloil dimetiltaurato VP, Trilauril 4 fosfato, Sesquisosterato de metil glicose, Óleo de flores de verão e Tetradibutil pentaeritritil hidroxihidrocinamato deGlicerina (Hostacerin NCB® mantiveram sua estabilidade após testes de estresse térmico e ciclo gela-degela.The objective of this work was the development of O/W emulsions containing Ketoconazole 2.0% and to evaluate their preliminary stability by analyzing physical-chemical characteristics such as homogeneity, aggregation formation, flocculation, creaming and coalescence. The emulsions were formulated using different self-emulsifying bases, composed of cetearyl alcohol, ethoxylalcohol, higher fatty alcohol, stearic acid, lanolin and others. The O/W emulsions were evaluated by centrifugation test, thermal stress test, and freezing/defrosting cycles, and its organoleptic and physical-chemistry characteristics were analyzed before and after eachassay. All samples maintained their homogeneity after the centrifugation test, but only the systems prepared with self emulsifying composed of

  5. Amiodarone use after acute myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure and/or left ventricular dysfunction may be associated with excess mortality

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Thomas, Kevin L; Al-Khatib, Sana M; Lokhnygina, Yuliya

    2008-01-01

    , a randomized comparison of valsartan, captopril, or both in patients with acute myocardial infarction with HF and/or left ventricular systolic dysfunction. We compared baseline characteristics of 825 patients treated with amiodarone at randomization with 13,875 patients not treated with amiodarone. Using Cox...

  6. Udvikling af sklerodermisk krise hos patient med uerkendt sklerodermi

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Madsen, Kristine Lindhard; Hansen, Alastair; Halberg, Poul

    2014-01-01

    Less than 10% of the patients with systemic scleroderma develop renal crisis, i.e. acute renal failure and severe hypertension in most cases. Kidney biopsy shows hypertensive arteriolar changes. This complication was lethal until treatment with captopril was introduced in 1976. Since that time...

  7. Estudo da corrosão por interferência de corrente alternada em estruturas enterradas e desenvolvimento de metodologia para sua detecção

    OpenAIRE

    Sergio Eduardo Abud Filho

    2015-01-01

    Dutos metálicos revestidos, enterrados e protegidos catodicamente, quando são instalados nas proximidades de linhas de transmissão e distribuição de energia elétrica, vêm apresentando problemas de corrosão, sendo esta atribuída às interferências de corrente alternada dispersas no solo. São muitos os critérios propostos na literatura para verificar se um duto está ou não sujeito a esse tipo de problema, mas tais critérios são contraditórios e ineficientes, uma vez que não levam em conta parâme...

  8. O vestuário no cinema: percursos de análise em filmes portugueses de etnoficção

    OpenAIRE

    Cucinotta, Caterina

    2016-01-01

    A presente tese enfrenta o tema do documentário e da ficção no cinema de etnoficção português pondo ao centro deste binómio o vestuário como fenómeno, ora votado a explicitar a verosimilhança das sequencias, ora ferramenta para criar uma simulação da realidade. Tratamos o termo etnoficção como se fosse um género cinematográfico e escolhemos, como exemplo de analise, 3 trilogias do cinema português. Tratamos o vestuário de acordo com os novos conceitos do corpo revestido que vee...

  9. APPLICATION OF NEW FERROCENE DERIVATIVE FOR ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    B. S. Chandravanshi

    coefficient (α) and rate constant for chemical reaction between captopril and redox sites in the modified electrode were 0.31 ... electrochemical behavior of carbon nanotube paste electrode modified azodianiline ferrocenyl in ... electrode cell assembly (Ag/AgCl electrode as reference electrode, a platinum wire as counter.

  10. Author Details

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Hasanpour, F. Vol 29, No 1 (2015) - Articles Application of new ferrocene derivative for electrocatalytic determination of captopril using multiwall carbon nanotube modified carbon paste electrode. Abstract PDF. ISSN: 1726-801X. AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL... for Researchers · for Librarians ...

  11. Síntese e caracterização de compósito magnético nanoestruturado contendo óxido de manganês para remoção de íons Cd(II do meio aquoso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. P. Heitmann

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available O tratamento de efluentes contendo cádmio é de grande interesse devido à persistência desse contaminante no meio ambiente e às graves doenças que pode causar ao homem. No presente trabalho, foi utilizado o compósito magnético Mn3O4/Fe3O4 como adsorvente do íon cádmio (II em meio aquoso. O material adsorvente foi sintetizado e caracterizado segundo as técnicas de difração de raios X (DRX, espectroscopia Raman, microscopia eletrônica de transmissão e sorção de N2 (BET. Ênfase foi dada à quantificação das fases do compósito pela análise de DRX combinada ao método Rietveld. O estudo de adsorção foi realizado variando o pH do meio e a concentração do íon cádmio em solução. A análise dos resultados possibilitou verificar que a remoção de Cd(II utilizando compósito magnético Mn3O4/Fe3O4 em meio aquoso é dependente do pH duplicando a medida que o pH varia de 3 para 7. O estudo de imobilização do íon contaminante em solução apresentou valores significativos de capacidade máxima de adsorção, de 12,3 mgCd/g no pH 6 e 13,6 mgCd/g no pH 7, indicando uma remoção de até 98% para concentrações baixas do íon, sugerindo que o adsorvente apresenta elevado potencial para remoção de Cd(II em meio aquoso.

  12. Vasorelaxing and antihypertensive activities of synthesized peptides derived from computer-aided simulation of pepsin hydrolysis of yam dioscorin.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lin, Yin-Shiou; Lu, Yeh-Lin; Wang, Guei-Jane; Liang, Hong-Jen; Hou, Wen-Chi

    2014-12-01

    We reported that yam dioscorin and its peptic hydrolysates exhibited ACE inhibition and antihypertensive effects on SHRs, however, the active peptides are not really isolated until now. Using ACE inhibitory screenings, two penta-peptides, KTCGY and KRIHF, were selected for ex vivo and in vivo experiments. KTCGY, KRIHF, and captopril were shown to have similar vasodilating effects against phenylephrine (PE)-induced tensions in rat endothelium-dependent thoracic aortic rings, however, KTCGYKTCGY (two-repeated KTCGY) and TCGYTCGY (two-repeated TCGY) were showed endothelium-independent vasodilating effects against PE-induced tensions. KTCGY, KRIHF (10 or 20 mg/kg), and captopril (10 mg/kg) were used to evaluate antihypertensive activity during 24-h after a single oral administration to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The KTCGY and KRIHF showed significantly different and reduced the systolic blood pressure of SHRs compared to the blank. These results suggest that KTCGY and KRIHF may contribute important roles in yam dioscorin for regulating blood pressure in vivo.

  13. Evaluation of metoclopramide syrups by Bratton-Marshall method

    OpenAIRE

    Freitas, Beatriz Resende; Magalhães, João Fernandes

    2005-01-01

    Atualmente, a maioria dos fármacos apresenta grupamento amínico. Estes quando associados a açúcares redutores ou a outros adjuvantes farmacêuticos contendo carbonila, freqüentemente produzem problemas de estabilidade, comprometendo a idoneidade do produto. A Reação de Maillard pode explicar tal ocorrência. Neste trabalho estudou-se o comportamento de xarope contendo amina aromática, tendo em vista a associação de açúcares e aminas, a Reação de Maillard e problemas de estabilidade. O protótipo...

  14. [Effect of losartan on human platelet activation by thromboxane A2].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guerra, J I; Montón, M; Rodríguez-Feo, J A; Farré, J; Jiménez, A M; Núñez, A; Gómez, J; Rico, L; Marcos, P; Castilla, C; Sánchez De Miguel, L; Casado, S; López-Farré, A

    2000-04-01

    Previous studies have demonstrated that losartan, an AT-1 receptor antagonist of angiotensin II (Ang II) could block the receptor of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in the vascular wall. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of losartan on human platelet activation. Platelets were obtained from 15 healthy men between the age 26 and 40. Platelet activation was measured by changes in the light transmission of platelet-rich plasma stimulated by a synthetic TXA2 analogue, U46619 (5 x 10(-6) mol/l). The U46619-stimulated platelet aggregation was significantly inhibited by losartan in a dose-response manner. Only a high dose of EXP 3174 (5 10-5 mol/l), the in vivo active metabolite of losartan, was able to attenuate U46619-induced platelet activation. Captopril, an angiotensin I-converting inhibitor failed to modify U46619-induced platelet aggregation. Despite the platelets expressing AT-1 type receptors, of Ang II exogenous Ang II did not modify platelet aggregation induced by U46619. The binding of U46619 to platelets was competitively inhibited by losartan in dose-dependent manner. However, only a high dose of EXP 3174 reduced the binding of U46619. Captopril failed to modify the binding of U46619 to platelets. Losartan decreased platelet aggregation by a TXA2-dependent mechanism. EXP 3174 showed a lesser potency than losartan to reduce TXA2-platelet activation. Captopril and exogenous angiotensin II had no effect on human platelet activation. These results suggest that losartan reduced TXA2-dependent platelet activation independently of the blockade of AT-1 receptors.

  15. Role of the renin-angiotensin system, renal sympathetic nerve system, and oxidative stress in chronic foot shock-induced hypertension in rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dong, Tao; Chen, Jing-Wei; Tian, Li-Li; Wang, Lin-Hui; Jiang, Ren-Di; Zhang, Zhe; Xu, Jian-Bing; Zhao, Xiao-Dong; Zhu, Wei; Wang, Guo-Qing; Sun, Wan-Ping; Zhang, Guo-Xing

    2015-01-01

    The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and renal sympathetic nerve system (RSNS) are involved in the development of hypertension. The present study is designed to explore the possible roles of the RAS and the RSNS in foot shock-induced hypertension. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: control, foot shock, RSNS denervation, denervation plus foot shock, Captopril (angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor, ACE inhibitor) plus foot shock, and Tempol (superoxide dismutase mimetic) plus foot shock. Rats received foot shock for 14 days. We measured the quantity of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), corticosterone, renin, and angiotensin II (Ang II) in plasma, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and renal noradrenaline content. RAS component mRNA and protein levels were quantified in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus. The two week foot shock treatment significantly increased systolic blood pressure, which was accompanied by an increase in angiotensinogen, renin, ACE1, and AT1a mRNA and protein expression in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus, an increase of the plasma concentrations of renin, Ang II, corticosterone, and TBARS, as well as a decrease in plasma SOD and GSH-Px activities. Systolic blood pressure increase was suppressed by denervation of the RSNS or treatment with Captopril or Tempol. Interestingly, denervation or Tempol treatment both decreased main RAS components not only in the circulatory system, but also in the central nervous system. In addition, decreased antioxidant levels and increased TBARS and corticosterone levels were also partially restored by denervation or treatment with Tempol or Captopril. RAS, RSNS and oxidative stress reciprocally potentiate to play important roles in the development of foot shock-induced hypertension.

  16. Effects of the bradykinin antagonist B4310 on smooth muscles and blood pressure in the rat, and its enzymatic degradation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Griesbacher, T.; Lembeck, F.; Saria, A.

    1989-01-01

    1. Six competitive bradykinin (Bk) antagonists were tested for their agonistic properties on the rat uterus. Five of these peptides showed agonistic effects only at concentrations at least two orders of magnitude higher than those of bradykinin. 2. The antagonistic potency of Lys-Lys-3-Hyp-5,8-Thi-7-DPhe-Bk (B4310) in the rat uterus (pA2 = 7.24) and in the rat duodenum (pA2 = 7.31) was very similar to that determined in an earlier study for the antagonism of the bradykinin-induced stimulation of the trigeminal nerve in the rabbit iris sphincter muscle preparation (pA2 = 7.59). 3. The fall in mean arterial blood pressure induced by i.a. injections of bradykinin was greatly reduced during an i.a. infusion of B4310, but not 10 min thereafter, which indicates a rapid inactivation of B4310 in vivo. Bacitracin possibly interferes with the enzymatic cleavage of B4310 but seems to have no effect on the degradation of bradykinin. 4. An i.a. infusion of captopril greatly enhanced the potency of bradykinin in inducing a fall in arterial blood pressure, confirming the important role of angiotensin converting enzyme in the cleavage of bradykinin. However, the design of this experiment did not allow conclusions about the effect of captopril on the degradation of B4310. 5. B4310 incubated with rat lung tissue disappeared from the incubation medium within a few minutes, i.e. as fast as bradykinin, which explains its short duration of action in vivo. Captopril partially inhibited the cleavage of both bradykinin and B4310.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) PMID:2655805

  17. Efecto hipotensor del extracto de ajo (Allium sativum macerado por 18 semanas en un modelo experimental in vivo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Chaupis-Meza

    Full Text Available Objetivos. Determinar si el extracto de ajo (Allium sativum macerado por 18 semanas tiene igual o mejor efecto hipotensor que el captopril en ratas. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio experimental in vivo con ratas machos Holtzman, clasificados en cinco grupos: 100, 500 y 1000 mg/kg de extracto de ajo, Captopril de 100 mg/kg y un grupo vehículo. El L-NAME (N- -nitro L-arginina-metil-éster administrado vía intraperitoneal 50 mg/kg desde el inicio del experimento, elevó la presión arterial desde el tercer día. El análisis estadístico consistió en las pruebas T de Student para medias pareadas, ANOVA y comparación múltiple de Scheffe. Resultados. El ajo macerado extraído por un proceso hidroalcohólico durante 18 semanas provocó una disminución de la presión arterial en animales de experimentación. El análisis de los tratamientos sobre la presión arterial media (PAM, obtuvieron diferencias significativas desde el tercer día. La comparación sobre la PAM final versus PAM basal (medias no diferentes y el efecto hipotensor (% fueron: ajo-100 (p=0,008, 59,8%; ajo-500 (p=0,021, 80,6%; ajo-1000 (p=0,034, 88,5%, Captopril (p=0,437, 99,9% y vehículo (p=0,001, 0%. Conclusiones. El ajo macerado a un periodo de 18 semanas resultó eficaz para producir un efecto hipotensor en ratas, inducidas a hipertensión arterial por L-NAME

  18. Fermentação ruminal e eficiência microbiana em bezerros holandeses alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes níveis de concentrado Ruminal fermentation and microbial efficiency in Holstein calves fed diets with different concentrate levels

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Peter Johann Bürger

    2000-02-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO - Este trabalho foi realizado para avaliar os efeitos de diferentes níveis de concentrado sobre os parâmetros da fermentação ruminal, as digestibilidades aparente, total, ruminal e intestinal de N, a eficiência microbiana e o balanço de N. Cinco bezerros holandeses, inteiros, fistulados no rúmen e abomaso, com idade média inicial de 5,8±0,7 meses e 107,4±11,0 kg PV médio inicial, foram distribuídos em quadrado latino 5x5 (tratamento x período. Os animais foram alojados em baias individuais e alimentados à vontade com dietas contendo 30,0; 45,0; 60;0; 75,0; e 90,0% de concentrado, com base na MS, em rações contendo como volumoso, o feno de capim coast-cross e no concentrado, o farelo de soja, fubá de milho. Os valores de pH foram influenciados pelos níveis de concentrado das rações, e , 11,3 horas após a alimentação, foram estimandos os valores mínimos de 6,10; 5,89; 5,67; 5,46; e 5,24, para as rações com níveis de 30,0; 45,0; 60,0; 75,0; e 90,0%de concentrado nas rações, respectivamente. A concentração de amônia ruminal reduziu linearmente, em função dos tempos pós-alimentação, apresentando comportamento quadrático, com valores mínimos de 6,84; 7,14; 7,63; 7,82; 8,09; e 8,00 mg/dL, para 86,31; 84,86; 83,41; 81,95; 77,59; e 68,86% de concentrado nas rações. O numero de protozoários ruminais reduziu linearmente com o aumento dos níveis de concentrado nas rações. A eficiência de síntese de compostos nitrogenados microbianos aumentou linearmente com os níveis de concentrado nas rações.ABSTRACT - This work was conducted to evaluate the effects of different concentrate levels on the parameters of at ruminal fermentation, the apparent, total, ruminal and intestinal N digestibilities, the microbial efficiency and the N balance. Five rumen and abomasum fistulated bull Holstein calves, with an initial average age of 5.8±0.7 months and initial average of 107.4±11.0 kg LW were allotted to a 5x5

  19. Moderate additive effects of endothelin receptor A blockade in Ren-2 transgenic rats subjected to various types of RAS blockade

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Vaněčková, Ivana; Řezáčová, Lenka; Kuneš, Jaroslav; Zicha, Josef

    2016-01-01

    Roč. 159, Aug 15 (2016), s. 127-154 ISSN 0024-3205 R&D Projects: GA MZd(CZ) NV15-25396A Institutional support: RVO:67985823 Keywords : aliskiren * captopril * atrasentan * hypertension * losartan * ren-2 transgenic rats Subject RIV: FA - Cardiovascular Diseases incl. Cardiotharic Surgery Impact factor: 2.936, year: 2016

  20. Agencia de la Banca Sud-americana del Brasil, S.A. en Capivari

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Levi, Primo

    1963-09-01

    Full Text Available This building has two blocks, one for the Banks' installations and the other is the manager's house. The building has a concrete and steel compound structure. The walls are brick, the flooring is a reinforced concrete slab and hollow bricks, and the roof consists of corrugated fibrocement sheeting. The bank block walls have been faced, both internally and externally, with cement tiles, 15 x 15 cms in size, of the same type that are employed for the flooring. The design is grey on white background. The ceiling of the bank hall is fitted with acoustical material (2.5 cms of glass wool on Duralex perforated slabs, to reduce reverberation. This measure was necessary because of the relatively large height of the hall. The walls are cylindrically curved and have a smooth and hard surface.El edificio consta de dos cuerpos: uno para las instalaciones de la Banca, y el otro para la vivienda del gerente. La estructura es mixta, a base de hormigón armado y acero; los muros, de ladrillo; el techo, ejecutado en losa de hormigón armado y ladrillos huecos, y la cubierta es de flbrocemento ondulado. Los muros de los cuerpos de la Banca han sido revestidos, interior y exteriormente, con baldosas de cemento, de 15x15 cm, del tipo empleado para el suelo. El dibujo es gris sobre fondo blanco. El techo de la sala de la Banca va acondicionado con material acústico (a base de 2,5 cm de lana de vidrio sobre placas perforadas de Duralex para reducir la reverberación. Esta medida venía impuesta dada la altura relativamente grande y los muros en curva revestidos de material liso y duro.

  1. Crescimento, conversão alimentar e rendimento de carcaça de bezerros da raça holandesa alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes níveis de volumoso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ricardo Dias Signoretti

    1999-02-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho foi conduzido para avaliar o efeito dos diferentes níveis de volumoso nas dietas sobre o consumo médio diário de matéria seca total (CDMST, o ganho médio de peso, a conversão alimentar e o rendimento de carcaça. Trinta e seis bezerros da raça Holandesa puros por cruzamento, com idade média de 60 dias e peso vivo (PV inicial de 78 kg, foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os animais foram alimentados à vontade com dietas contendo níveis de 10, 25, 40 e 55% de volumoso, na base da MS, usando-se feno de capim coast-cross (Cynodon dactylon, fubá de milho e farelo de soja, os quais constituíram dietas com aproximadamente 16% de PB. Os animais foram pesados a cada periodo de 28 dias, com pesagens mais freqüentes para os animais que se aproximavam dos pesos de abate pré-estabelecidos, de 190 ± 10 kg e 300 ± 10 kg, para os grupos 1 e 2, respectivamente. O consumo de matéria seca não foi influenciado pelos níveis de volumoso nas dietas para ambos os grupos. Houve efeito linear crescente para conversão alimentar expressa em PV e peso corporal vazio (PCVZ. Os ganhos médios de peso diários expressos em PV e PCVZ decresceram linearmente, em função dos níveis de volumoso nas dietas. O peso da carcaça quente e o rendimento de carcaça quente para os animais de grupo 2 não foram influenciados, enquanto o rendimento de carcaça quente dos animais do grupo 1 decresceu linearmente, com o aumento de volumoso nas dietas. Os ganhos médios de pesos diários aos 28 e 56 dias, para o grupo 1, e aos 28, 56, 84 e 112 dias, para o grupo 2, reduziram linearmente com a elevação dos níveis de volumoso nas dietas. O desempenho dos bezerros de ambos os grupos de abate foi maior com uso de menores níveis de volumoso na dieta, porém, acima de 5 meses de idade, o uso de maiores níveis de volumoso não acarretou prejuízos à performance dos animais.

  2. Consumo e digestibilidade aparente de minerais em dietas para cães contendo polpa de citros e folha de alfafa Intake and apparent digestibility of the minerals in canine diets containing citrus pulp and alfalfa leaf

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Isabel Fonseca Rocha Malafaia

    2002-10-01

    Full Text Available O consumo diário e a digestibilidade aparente de macro e microminerais, foram determinados em cadelas que receberam uma dieta controle (R0, acrescida de 10 (R10 ou 20% (R20 de uma mistura contendo polpa de citros (PC e folhas de alfafa desidratadas. A digestibilidade aparente dos minerais foi estimada por meio da quantidade do elemento mineral ingerido, subtraída daquela eliminada nas fezes. A medida que a ingestão de fibra dietética aumentou, o consumo de MS (em g/kgPV diminuiu e as digestibilidades aparentes do Ca, P, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe e Cu foram maiores. A exceção foi para o Mn, cuja digestibilidade reduziu-se com o aumento da ingestão de fibra. Apenas para o K, não se verificou alteração na sua digestibilidade em função do nível de fibra na dieta.The daily intake and the apparent digestibility of macro and microminerals were determined in bitches fed either a control diet (R0 or the same diet but containing 10% (R10 or 20% (R20 of a mixture composed of citrus pulp and dehydrated alfalfa leaf. The apparent digestibility was estimated as being the amount of a mineral element ingested minus the amount of the element quantified in the feces. Once the dietary fiber intake increased, the intake of dry matter (in g/kgLW reduced and the Ca, P, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe and Cu apparent digestibility increased. Exception was the Mn digestibility reduction as the fiber intake increased. Only the K digestibility was not influenced by the diet fiber level.

  3. Effect of Normalizing and Solution Heat Treatments in the Microstructure of a Dissimilar Joint Welded Between an API 5L X-52 Steel Pipe and Inconel 625

    OpenAIRE

    Soares, Jefferson Pinto; Terrones, Luis Augusto Hernandez; Paranhos, Ronaldo

    2017-01-01

    Resumo O propósito deste trabalho é comparar as mudanças na microestrutura e na dureza de um tubo de aço API 5L X-52, revestido internamente por soldagem com Inconel 625, após a execução dos tratamentos térmicos de normalização a 1100 °C por 60 min. e resfriamento ao ar, e de solubilização a 1030 °C com aquecimento por indução eletromagnética por 30 s. e resfriamento em água. Foram utilizadas técnicas de microscopia ótica (MO) e eletrônica de varredura (MEV), análise por espectroscopia de ene...

  4. O pan das ánimas

    OpenAIRE

    Antón, Fina; Mandianes Castro, Manuel

    1996-01-01

    O pan, ademais de cumprir una función alimenticia de primeira orde, está revestido dunha significación simbólica importante. O pan durante a vida axuda a pasa-los límites, a da-lo paso, a integrarse entre os cristiáns por cousa do bautismo e a integrarse no grupo dos homes e mulleres co adaxo da boda, pero o pan axuda, sobre todo, a pasa-lo río Xordán, que é, sen dúbida o límite que separa este mundo do outro; a serpe e as ánimas constitúen un límite e o pan facilita o seu paso. O pan está in...

  5. Elementos de la praxis y del corpus del conocimiento etnoecológico tseltal en comunidades de la Sierra Norte de Chiapas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Ramón Rodríguez Moreno

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Las estrategias de uso y manejo de los ecosistemas como las que practican los tseltales en la Sierra Norte de Chiapas han sido insistentemente descritas por una visión occidental “científica” como sistemas de baja productividad y derrochadoras de recursos naturales. En este estudio se reseñan algunos aspectos del cosmos, corpus y praxis del conocimiento que se posee en comunidades tseltales, a partir del hilo conductor de un rubro específico del campo mexicano, el maíz, y de otras manifestaciones del conocimiento local, que permiten desmontar la marginación del sistema de conocimiento local con que lo ha revestido la visión occidental.

  6. Ameliorative effect of Draba nemorosa extract on chronic heart ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Purpose: To evaluate the effect of Draba nemorosa extract (DNE) on oxidative stress and hemodynamics in rats with chronic congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods: Adriamycin was used to establish CHF in Sprague Dawley (SD) rat model. Six groups of SD rats were used in this study: control group, CHF group, captopril ...

  7. Desenvolvimento e estudo de um sistema para tratamento de fenol e poluentes orgânicos emergentes (POE) por processos oxidativos avançados (POA) utilizando ozônio, peróxido de hidrogênio e radiação ultravioleta

    OpenAIRE

    Felipe Rufine Nolasco

    2014-01-01

    O estudo avaliou a efetividade de um sistema para tratamento de soluções aquosas contendo poluentes orgânicos emergentes (POE), denominados interferentes endócrinos (IE). Baseado nos processos oxidativos avançados (POA), empregando ozônio, radiação UV, peróxido de hidrogênio e variação de pH, o estudo possibilitou determinar a relação ideal oxidante/poluentes e o custo/benefício dos tratamentos com melhores desempenhos, de degradação do padrão contendo hormônios 17?-estradiol (E2) e 17?-etini...

  8. Composição centesimal e aceitação de lingüiça elaborada com reduzido teor de gordura e adicionada de concentrados protéicos de soro de leite

    OpenAIRE

    Ferreira,Ana Cláudia Brandi; Fonseca,Leorges Moraes da; Santos,Wagner Luiz Moreira dos

    2009-01-01

    Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a composição centesimal e aceitação de lingüiças de carne suína fabricadas com Concentrado Protéico do Soro (WPC) ou com concentrado protéico, com elevado teor de b-lactoglobulina, como substitutos da gordura. Foram realizados sete tratamentos, um grupo controle, contendo 20% de gordura, e seis tratamentos com reduzido teor de gordura, contendo diferentes níveis de adição de WPC ou de fração de b-lactoglobulina, a saber, três tratamentos com 10% de gordura e ad...

  9. OBTENÇÃO DE PLANTAS DE LIMÃO CRAVO (Citrus limonia Osbeck) E TANGERINA CLEÓPATRA (Citrus reshni Hort.) A PARTIR DO CULTIVO DE PROTOPLASTOS DE SUSPENSÃO CELULAR PLANT REGENERATION OF 'RANGPUR' LIME (Citrus limonia Osbeck) AND 'CLEÓPATRA' MANDARIN (Citrus reshni Hort.) THROUGH PROTOPLASTS OF CELL SUSPENSION

    OpenAIRE

    Rodrigo Rocha Latado; Fernando Berlink D'utra Vaz; Augusto Tulmann Neto

    1999-01-01

    Este trabalho descreve uma metodologia para a regeneração de plantas de tangerina 'Cleópatra' e limão 'Cravo', a partir do cultivo de protoplastos de suspensão celular. Para tal, calos nucelares foram induzidos em meio contendo BAP e cultivados em meio sem reguladores de crescimento. Protoplastos foram isolados de suspensões celulares e cultivados em gotas de agarose, com densidade de 2 X 105 protoplastos.ml-1. O meio MT, contendo ácido giberélico e água de coco, foi eficiente na germinação d...

  10. Terapia fotodinâmica mediada por ZnPc Lipossomal sobre Candida albicans

    OpenAIRE

    CARLOS, Selma Maria Camuri Firmino

    2015-01-01

    No presente trabalho foram construídos lipossomas estáveis vazios e contendo o zinco ftalocianina para a realização da Terapia Fotodinâmica em Candida albicans. Os procedimentos experimentais compreenderam a obtenção de uma suspensão padrão de C. albicans contendo 106 células viáveis por mL, a preparação das células para os ensaios e o delineamento experimental realizado em cinco grupos experimentais: GC; GTFD; GLUZ; GDROGA e GLIPO em quadruplicata. As análises abrangeram a det...

  11. Determinação de isoflavonas e capacidade antioxidante de alimentos industrializados à base de soja e/ou produtos derivados consumidos no Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Marcela Roquim Alezandro

    2009-01-01

    A soja contém alto conteúdo protéico e de lipídeos poliinsaturados e representa a principal fonte de isoflavonas. Por este grão não fazer parte da dieta brasileira, produtos contendo soja surgiram no mercado como fontes de isoflavonas, adaptados ao paladar da nossa população. Os condimentos também têm sido incorporados aos ditos \\"alimentos funcionais\\" pela sua relação com efeitos benéficos à saúde. Este trabalho objetivou determinar o teor de isoflavonas dos produtos contendo soja e/ou deri...

  12. Nutritional evaluation of elephant-grass silages with byproduct of annato Avaliação nutricional de silagens de capim-elefante contendo subproduto do urucum

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Margareth Maria Teles Rêgo

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available The objective of the present study was to evaluate the nutritional value of elephant-grass silages containing annato byproduct. Twenty intact rams were distributed in a complete randomized block design with five diets (0; 4; 8; 12 and 16% annato byproduct in the silage and four replications and used to estimate the intake, apparent nutrient digestibility, content of total digestible nutrients and nitrogen balance. The addition of annato byproduct raised the intakes of dry matter (DM, organic matter (OM, crude protein (CP, neutral detergent fiber (NDF, acid detergent fiber (ADF, ether extract (EE, total carbohydrates (TC, non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC and total digestible nutrients (TDN, in body weight (%BW and in metabolic weight (g kg-1BW0.75. The digestibilities of DM (55.95%, OM (58.19%, CP (45.34%, NDF (52.79%, ADF (45.79%, EE (34.96% and NFC (99.86% were not influenced by the addition of annato byproduct. The inclusion of annato byproduct in elephant-grass silage increased digestibility of total carbohydrates, the TDN content and the nitrogen balance. The aditions of annato byproduct at levels up to 16% of the elephant grass silage natural matter improves nutrient intake and nitrogen balance.Objetivou-se avaliar o valor nutritivo de silagens de capim-elefante contendo subproduto do processamento do urucum. Vinte ovinos machos, não-castrados, foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco dietas (0; 4; 8; 12 e 16% de subproduto de urucum na silagem e quatro repetições, e utilizados para estimar o consumo, a digestibilidade aparente de nutrientes, o teor de nutrientes digestíveis totais e o balanço de nitrogênio. A adição de subproduto de urucum elevou os consumos de matéria seca (MS, matéria orgânica (MO, proteína bruta (PB, fibra em detergente neutro (FDN, fibra em detergente ácido (FDA, extrato etéreo (EE, carboidratos não-fibrosos (CNF, carboidratos totais e nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT

  13. Dynamics of gas levels inside packages containing minimally processed Pera orange Dinâmica dos níveis gasosos dentro de embalagens contendo laranja Pera minimamente processada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Cecília de Arruda Palharini

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in concentrations of O2 and CO2 inside packages of minimally processed Pera orange. Previously selected oranges that were washed, sanitized, and chilled were peeled using hydrothermal treatment (immersion of fruits in water at 50 °C for 8 minutes. The peeled oranges were then packed in five different plastic packages under passive and active modified atmosphere (5% O2 + 10% CO2 + 85% N2. The fruits were stored at 6 °C and 12 °C. The package headspace gas composition was evaluated for twelve days at 6 °C and nine days at 12 °C. The polypropylene film (32 µm promoted modified atmosphere similar to that initially injected (5% O2 + 10% CO2 + 85% N2 at 6 °C and 12 °C. With regard to the atmosphere modification system, the injection of a gas mixture anticipated achieving an equilibrium atmosphere inside the packages at 12 °C. At 6 °C, the gas composition inside the packages was kept close to that of the injection, but the equilibrium was not verified.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as mudanças nas concentrações de O2 e CO2 do interior de embalagens contendo laranja Pera minimamente processada. Laranjas previamente selecionadas, lavadas, sanitizadas e resfriadas foram descascadas por meio de tratamento hidrotérmico (imersão dos frutos em água a 50 °C por 8 minutos. Laranjas descascadas foram acondicionadas em cinco materiais de embalagem sob atmosfera modificada passiva e atmosfera modificada ativa (5% O2 + 10% CO2 + 85% N2. O armazenamento dos frutos foi realizado a 6 °C e 12 °C. A composição gasosa no interior das embalagens foi avaliada durante doze dias a 6 °C e durante 9 dias a 12 °C. O filme de polipropileno (32 µm propiciou atmosfera modificada semelhante injetada inicialmente (5% O2 + 10% CO2 + 85% N2 a 6 °C e 12 °C. Em relação ao sistema de modificação da atmosfera, a injeção de mistura gasosa antecipou a atmosfera de equilíbrio, dentro das embalagens

  14. Effect of losartan on human platelet activation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guerra-Cuesta, J I; Montón, M; Rodríguez-Feo, J A; Jiménez, A M; González-Fernández, F; Rico, L A; García, R; Gómez, J; Farré, J; Casado, S; López-Farré, A

    1999-03-01

    Previous studies have demonstrated that losartan can block the thromboxane A2 receptor on the vascular wall. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of losartan on human platelet activation. Platelets were obtained from 15 healthy men, aged 26-40 years. Platelet activation was measured by changes in the light transmission of platelet-rich plasma stimulated by the thromboxane A2 analog U46619 (5 x 10(-6) mol/l) or ADP (10(-5) mol/l). U46619-stimulated platelet aggregation was significantly inhibited by losartan in a dose-dependent manner. Only a high dose of EXP 3174 (5 x 10(-5) mol/l), the in vivo active metabolite of losartan, was able to attenuate U46619-induced platelet activation. Captopril, an angiotensin I converting inhibitor, failed to modify U46619-induced platelet aggregation. Furthermore, the binding of [3H]-U46619 to platelets was competitively inhibited by losartan, whereas only a high dose of EXP 3174 reduced the binding of [3H]-U46619. Captopril failed to modify the binding of [3H]-U46619 to platelets. Losartan also reduced the platelet activation induced by ADP (10(-5) mol/l), a platelet agonist partially dependent on thromboxane A2. In addition, when thromboxane A2 generation was blocked by aspirin, ADP-induced platelet aggregation was inhibited to a similar degree to the inhibition induced by losartan. Exogenous angiotensin II did not elicit any modification of either U46619- or ADP-stimulated platelet aggregation. Losartan decreased platelet aggregation by a thromboxane A2-dependent mechanism. EXP 3174 was less potent than losartan in reducing thromboxane A2-dependent platelet activation. Captopril and exogenous angiotensin II had no effect on human platelet activation. These results suggest that losartan reduced thromboxane A2-dependent platelet activation independently of its effect on angiotensin II.

  15. Flax lignan concentrate attenuate hypertension and abnormal left ventricular contractility via modulation of endogenous biomarkers in two-kidney-one-clip (2K1C hypertensive rats

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sameer Hanmantrao Sawant

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT The present investigation was designed to study the effect of flax lignan concentrate obtained from Linum usitatissimum L., Linaceae, in two-kidney, one clip (2K1C hypertension model in Wistar rats. 2K1C Goldblatt model rats were divided randomly into six groups: sham, 2K1C control, captopril (30 mg/kg, flax lignan concentrate (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg. Flax lignan concentrate and captopril were administered daily for eight consecutive weeks. Sham-operated, and 2K1C control rats received the vehicle. Treatment with flax lignan concentrate (400 and 800 mg/kg significantly and dose-dependently restored the hemodynamic parameters systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure and left ventricular functions. The flax lignan concentrate significantly restored the elevated hepatic, renal and cardiac marker enzymes in the serum. It also restored the organs weights (kidney and heart, serum electrolyte level and histological abnormalities. Furthermore, flax lignan concentrate significantly elevated the level of biochemical markers that is enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase, glutathione and decreased malondialdehyde in the heart and kidney tissues. Meanwhile, we found that plasma nitric oxide and plasma nitric oxide synthase contents were significantly increased in the flax lignan concentrate-treated group, and plasma endothelin-1 and renal angiotensin-II levels were significantly lower than 2K1C hypertensive group. In conclusion, the antihypertensive and antioxidant effect of flax lignan concentrate were dose-dependent and at the highest dose (i.e. 800 mg/kg similar to those of captopril (30 mg/kg. It is suggested that flax lignan concentrate reduced blood pressure by reduction of renal angiotensin-II level, inhibition of plasma endothelin-1 production, induction of the nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase and in vivo antioxidant defense system.

  16. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - Vol 6, No 2 (2007)

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Design and Development of a Proniosomal Transdermal Drug Delivery System for Captopril · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. A Gupta, S K Prajapati, M Balamurugan, M Singh, D Bhatia, 687-693. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v6i2.14647 ...

  17. The renogram in renovascular hypertension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Geyskes, G.G.

    1987-01-01

    This thesis comprises five reports on studies with renograms, radionuclide investigations of individual renal function in patients suspected of renovascular hypertension. The main question was to determine whether the renogram could trace functional changes in a kidney with a stenosed artery, before and after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) treatment. In a given patient these functional changes could provide information on the significance of the artery stenosis as a cause of that patients' hypertension, and to some extent predict the blood pressure response after PTA treatment. An important issue in these studies is the registration of the renal effects created by captopril on the renogram. This drug with its specific inhibition of the conversion of angiotensine I to angiotensine II, amplifies the impairment of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in a kidney behind a stenosis. Captopril-induced deterioration of the GFR can be shown by renography, especially when it occurs in only one of two kidneys and for that reason does escape detection by overall renal function studies. 157 refs.; 16 figs.; 12 tabs

  18. Cardiovascular-Active Venom Toxins: An Overview.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rebello Horta, Carolina Campolina; Chatzaki, Maria; Rezende, Bruno Almeida; Magalhães, Bárbara de Freitas; Duarte, Clara Guerra; Felicori, Liza Figueiredo; Ribeiro Oliveira-Mendes, Bárbara Bruna; do Carmo, Anderson Oliveira; Chávez-Olórtegui, Carlos; Kalapothakis, Evanguedes

    2016-01-01

    Animal venoms are a mixture of bioactive compounds produced as weapons and used primarily to immobilize and kill preys. As a result of the high potency and specificity for various physiological targets, many toxins from animal venoms have emerged as possible drugs for the medication of diverse disorders, including cardiovascular diseases. Captopril, which inhibits the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), was the first successful venom-based drug and a notable example of rational drug design. Since captopril was developed, many studies have discovered novel bradykinin-potentiating peptides (BPPs) with actions on the cardiovascular system. Natriuretic peptides (NPs) have also been found in animal venoms and used as template to design new drugs with applications in cardiovascular diseases. Among the anti-arrhythmic peptides, GsMTx-4 was discovered to be a toxin that selectively inhibits the stretch-activated cation channels (SACs), which are involved in atrial fibrillation. The present review describes the main components isolated from animal venoms that act on the cardiovascular system and presents a brief summary of venomous animals and their venom apparatuses.

  19. Qualidade de couve-chinesa minimamente processada e tratada com diferentes produtos Quality of Chinese cabbage minimally processed and treated with different products

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Regina Marta Evangelista

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de couve-chinesa minimamente processada e tratada com cloreto de cálcio (CaCl2, ácido ascórbico (vitamina C, ácido etileno-diamino-tetracético (EDTA e mantida sob refrigeração. Foram realizados os seguintes tratamentos: T1: testemunha (imersão em água contendo 50 mg L-1 clorin/5 minutos; T2: imersão em solução contendo CaCl2 a 1%/5 minutos; T3: imersão em solução contendo CaCl2 a 2%/5 minutos; T4: imersão em solução contendo vitamina C a 1%/5 minutos; T5: imersão em solução contendo Vitamina C a 2%/5 minutos; T6: imersão em solução contendo EDTA a 1%/5 minutos; e T7: imersão em solução contendo EDTA a 2%/5 minutos. Após a realização dos tratamentos a couve-chinesa foi centrifugada, embalada em bandejas de polietileno expandido, recoberta com policloreto de vinila (PVC e armazenada em temperatura de 5 ± 1 °C e umidade relativa (UR de 90 ± 2% por 8 dias. As análises físico-químicas, químicas e sensoriais foram realizadas de dois em dois dias. A presença de Salmonella foi verificada somente após a realização dos tratamentos. A partir dos resultados obtidos procedeu-se à análise de variância (ANAVA e aplicou-se o teste de Tukey considerando-se um nível de significância p The present research aimed at evaluating the quality of minimally processed Chinese cabbage treated with calcium chloride (CaCl2, ascorbic acid (vitamin C, and ethylene-diamine-tetracetic acid (EDTA and kept under refrigeration. Treatments were as follows: T1: control (immersion in water containing 50 mg L-1 Clorin/5 minutes; T2: immersion in 1% CaCl2 solution/5 minutes; T3: immersion in 2% aCl2 solution/5 minutes; T4: immersion in 1% vitamin C solution/5 minutes; T5: immersion in 2% vitamin C solution/5 minutes, T6: immersion in 1% EDTA solution/5 minutes; and T7: immersion in 2% EDTA solution/5 minutes. After the treatments, the Chinese cabbage was centrifuged, wrapped with polyvinyl

  20. Redução de fósforo em dietas para frangos com base em valores de equivalência da fitase

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luciana de Paula Naves

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o uso de valores de equivalência da fitase como base para redução de fósforo disponível (P-disp em dietas para frangos. Foram avaliados dez planos nutricionais com seis repetições de 15 aves cada uma. Avaliaram-se: desempenho, teor de cinzas na tíbia e custo da ração. De 1 a 7 e de 36 a 42 dias de idade, as aves receberam dieta basal; de 8 a 21 dias, dieta sem fitase contendo 3,9 g kg-1 de P-disp e quatro dietas com fitase contendo de 1,1 a 2,5 g kg-1 de P-disp; e de 22 a 35 dias, dieta sem fitase contendo 3,4 g kg-1 de P-disp mais dieta com fitase contendo 1,6 g kg-1 de P-disp. O melhor plano nutricional foi composto pelas dietas: 4,7 g kg-1 de P-disp sem fitase (1 a 7 dias; 2,0 g kg-1 de P-disp suplementada com fitase (8 a 21 dias; 3,4 g kg-1 de P-disp em ração sem fitase (22 a 35 dias; e 3,0 g kg-1 de P-disp em ração sem fitase (36 a 42 dias. A redução do P-disp ocorre no período de 8 a 21 dias de idade e corresponde a 2,0 g kg-1 de ração suplementada com fitase.

  1. Chronic and acute effects of different antihypertensive drugs on femoral artery relaxations of L-NAME hypertensive rats

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Sládková, M.; Kojšová, S.; Jendeková, L.; Pecháňová, Olga

    2007-01-01

    Roč. 56, Suppl.2 (2007), S85-S91 ISSN 0862-8408 Grant - others:VEGA(SK) 2/6148/26; VEGA(SK) 1/3429/06; -(SK) APVV-0586-06 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50110509 Keywords : L-NAME induced hypertension * indapamide * hydrochlorothiazide * captopril Subject RIV: FA - Cardiovascular Diseases incl. Cardiotharic Surgery Impact factor: 1.505, year: 2007

  2. 28. Critical pulmonary valve stenosis: Medical management beyond balloon dilation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Muhammad Arif Khan

    2015-10-01

    Conclusion: Phentolamine and/or Captopril have a therapeutic role in neonates with critical PVS who remain oxygen dependent after balloon dilation. Both medicationslead to vasodilatation of pulmonary and systemic vascularity. They facilitate inflowto the right ventricle. Right to left shunt across a PFO or/ ASD minimizesand saturation improves leading to a significantreduction in length of hospitalization.

  3. Variações temporais do material particulado inalável fino e grosso e íons inorgânicos solúveis em São José dos Campos, SP

    OpenAIRE

    Souza, Patricia Alexandre de; Mello, William Zamboni de; Mariani, Rauda Lúcia; Sella, Silvia Maria

    2011-01-01

    Amostras de MP2,5 e MP2,5-10 foram coletadas em São José dos Campos (São Paulo) de fevereiro de 2004 a fevereiro de 2005. Nesse período ocorreram duas longas estiagens, com durações de 25 e 38 dias consecutivos. As concentrações de MP foram maiores na segunda do que na primeira. Os dados foram divididos em dois grupos, um contendo resultados das medições efetuadas durante as duas estiagens (período seco) e outro contendo os dados do restante do ano (período regular). As concentrações médias d...

  4. Development of enteric coated tablets from spray dried extract of feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L:

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana Siqueira Chaves

    2009-09-01

    ídeo, presença da santina, teor de flavonóides totais, solubilidade do partenolídeo, tamanho de partícula, ângulo de repouso, densidade, análise higroscópica e teor de umidade. A partir do extrato seco obtiveram-se comprimidos que foram revestidos em leito de jorro. Os comprimidos revestidos foram avaliados com relação ao peso médio, friabilidade, dureza e desintegração. O teor de flavonóides totais e de partenolídeo no extrato seco foram 1,31% e 0,76% (p/p, respectivamente. O extrato seco apresentou características farmacotécnicas satisfatórias permitindo a obtenção de comprimidos pelo método de compressão direta. As propriedades dos comprimidos revestidos estão de acordo com as especificações da literatura. Os procedimentos utilizados nesse trabalho podem ser utilizados para obter extrato seco e fitoterápicos de T. parthenium com alto padrão de qualidade.

  5. Nota científica: perfil bioquímico de ratos alimentados com iogurte contendo extrato de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil Scientific Note: biochemical profile of rats fed yogurt containing yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil extract

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Franciele Taís Ril

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do iogurte contendo extrato de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis e com/sem culturas probióticas sobre o perfil lipídico, glicêmico, hepático e renal de ratos alimentados com esses tipos de iogurtes. Ratos da linhagem Wistar (42 foram divididos em três grupos (n=14, e receberam iogurte sem extrato de erva-mate, iogurte com extrato de erva-mate 0,1% e iogurte com extrato de erva-mate 0,1% e culturas probióticas, durante 30 dias. Não foi observado no presente estudo efeito significativo do extrato de erva-mate sobre os níveis de colesterol total, colesterol HDL, triglicerídeos, uréia, ácido úrico, creatinina, glicose e na atividade das enzimas fosfatase alcalina, aspartato aminotransferase e alanina aminotransferase. O extrato de erva-mate, 0,1% no iogurte, não interfere no metabolismo de ratos alimentados por 30 dias.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of yoghurt containing yerba-mate extract (Ilex paraguariensis, with and without probiotic cultures, on the lipidic, glycemic, hepatic and kidney profiles of rats fed these types of yoghurt. Wistar rats (42 were divided into three groups (n=14 and for 30 days were fed yoghurt without yerba-mate extract, yoghurt with 0.1% yerba-mate extract and yoghurt with 0.1% yerba-mate extract and probiotic cultures. No significant effect of the yerba mate extract on the levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, uric acid, creatinine, glucose and the activity of the enzymes alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase was observed in the present study. The addition of 0.1% yerba mate extract to the yoghurt did not interfere with the metabolism of the rats during 30 days.

  6. Reacciones adversas a medicamentos como causa de abandono del tratamiento farmacológico en hipertensos Adverse reactions to drugs as leaving drug therapy cause in hypertensive persons

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Julia García Milián

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN: los fallos al seguir las prescripciones médicas exacerban los problemas de salud y la progresión de las enfermedades, e imposibilitan estimar los efectos y el valor de un determinado tratamiento. OBJETIVO: caracterizar las causas que generan la no adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico en hipertensos. MÉTODOS: estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, constituido por 241 hipertensos inscriptos por algún fármaco antihipertensivo en farmacias comunitarias seleccionadas de Guantánamo, Las Tunas, Camagüey, Cienfuegos, Villa Clara, Granma, Santiago de Cuba y Ciego de Ávila. El método de recogida de la información fue la encuesta. RESULTADOS: los antihipertensivos más consumidos fueron el captopril, la hidroclorotiacida y el atenolol, y fue el primero, con el 31,9 %, el medicamento que tuvo un mayor porcentaje de incumplidores y productor de evento adverso. El cumplimiento fue mayor en los pacientes menores de 30 años. Dentro de los motivos las reacciones adversas ocuparon el 2do. lugar, con el 16,9 %. Las reacciones que causaron abandono terapéutico fueron la tos, las reacciones cutáneas y el decaimiento. CONCLUSIONES: las reacciones adversas se ubican dentro de las causas más frecuentes de abandono de tratamiento antihipertensivo, y fueron el captopril y la hidroclorotiacida los que con mayor frecuencia la provocaron. Las reacciones adversas referidas, en su mayoría, son consideradas como leves.INTRODUCTION: failures to follow medical prescriptions increase health problems and diseases progression, and make it impossible for to estimate effects and value of a specific treatment. AIM: to characterize causes generating the non-adherence to pharmacologic treatment in hypertensive patients. METHODS: cross-sectional descriptive and observational study including 241 hypertensive patients registered by some anti-hypertensive drug in selected community drugstore In Guantánamo, Las Tunas, Camaguey, Villa Clara

  7. Comportamento ingestivo e parâmetros sanguíneos em ovinos que receberam dietas contendo aditivos à base de extratos de própolis em pó

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    O.P. Prado-Calixto

    Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos do extrato de própolis (LLOSC2 sobre o comportamento ingestivo e os parâmetros sanguíneos em cordeiros alimentados com dieta concentrada. Foram utilizados quatro cordeiros machos, castrados, sem raça definida e com peso médio inicial de 32±1,92kg, mantidos em gaiolas metabólicas individuais durante todo o período experimental. O delineamento experimental foi em quadrado latino 4x4, com quatro animais, quatro dietas e quatro períodos experimentais. As dietas diferiram em relação à adição ou não de extratos de própolis à ração. As dietas testadas diferiam na adição de zero (controle, 1(88,16mg/g de flavonoides, duas (176,32mg/g de flavonoides ou três (264,48mg/g de flavonoides doses de aditivo à base de extrato de própolis LLOSC2. A dieta tinha relação volumoso:concentrado de 40:60 e foi formulada para ganhos de 250g. A ração concentrada era composta de milho e farelo de soja. O comportamento ingestivo dos animais foi observado por 24 horas, divididas em quatro períodos de seis horas. As coletas de sangue eram realizadas no último dia do período. Não houve efeito das doses LLOSC2 sobre o tempo despendido em alimentação, ruminação, ócio e ingestão de água. A duração do ciclo ruminativo foi maior nos animais que receberam duas doses de LLOSC2, e o número de movimentos mastigatórios também tendeu a aumentar no período que compreendia das 13 às 19h. Já a dieta contendo uma dose de LLOSC2 aumentou a duração da ruminação do bolo bem como o seu número total de mastigações no período de uma a sete horas. Houve uma diminuição nos níveis séricos de cortisol com a adição de três doses de LLOSC2. O hemograma, o leucograma, o perfil bioquímico e as imunoglobulinas não foram afetados pela inclusão das doses de LLSOC2. A administração de extrato de própolis LLOSC2 à dieta de ovinos não afetou seu comportamento ingestivo, os parâmetros hematol

  8. Lipocalina associada à gelatinase de neutrófilos (NGAL e calprotectina no tecido laminar de equinos após obstrução jejunal, tratados ou não com hidrocortisona

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luciane M. Laskoski

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available A laminite é uma doença podal grave que acomete os equídeos, sendo responsável por intenso sofrimento. Neste estudo foram pesquisadas a presença de calprotectina por meio da imunoistoquímica, e de lipocalina associada à gelatinase de neutrófilos (NGAL, por zimografia, no tecido laminar do casco de equinos após obstrução intestinal. Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos: Grupo controle (Gc, contendo sete animais normais, sem procedimento cirúrgico; Grupo Instrumentado (Gi, contendo cinco animais, os quais passaram por todo o procedimento cirúrgico sem sofrerem obstrução intestinal; Grupo Não Tratado (Gnt, contendo quatro equinos submetidos a obstrução intestinal do jejuno por distensão de balão intraluminal, sem tratamento; e Grupo Tratado (Gt, contendo quatro equinos submetidos a obstrução intestinal, e tratados preventivamente com hidrocortisona. Houve imunomarcação de calprotectina em todos os grupos experimentais, com aumento nos equinos do grupo distendido em relação ao Gc. Com relação ao NGAL, houve aumento também do Gnt e do Gi em relação ao Gc. O Gt não diferiu dos demais. Conclui-se que a distensão do intestino delgado pode promover acúmulos de leucócitos nos cascos de equinos e que o NGAL é um método viável para se detectar infiltração neutrofílica em equinos. Novos estudos deverão ser realizados para se verificar possível benefício anti-inflamatório da hidrocortisona no casco de equinos com obstrução intestinal.

  9. Desempenho de um filme livre de cromo na proteção contra a corrosão de ligas de alumínio 2024.

    OpenAIRE

    Mayra Rúbia Silva Castro

    2001-01-01

    Este trabalho propõe o uso de um filme preparado a partir de solução aquosa alcalina contendo íons de lítio, borato e alumínio, no sentido de inibir a corrosão de ligas de alumínio de uso aeronáutico, buscando sempre comparações com filmes de sais de cromo, atualmente utilizados. Os filmes foram obtidos por dip coating (5 minutos) e por polarização anódica (5 e 45 minutos) de ligas de alumínio 2024-T3 na solução aquosa alcalina contendo íons de lítio, borato e alumínio. Foram feitas micrograf...

  10. Utilização de uma resina preparada pelo método da solução líquida de citratos como ligante durante a preparação de filtros cerâmicos à base de alumina Utilization of a resin, prepared by the citrate liquid solution method, as binder during the manufacturing of alumina-based ceramic filters

    OpenAIRE

    D. Gouvêa; W. A. Savaglia Neto; J. D. T. Capocchi

    1999-01-01

    Este trabalho propõe a preparação de filtros cerâmicos macroporosos pela técnica da impregnação de espumas de poliuretano e utilização de uma resina preparada pelo método Pechini contendo íons alumínio e manganês como ligante. Nas temperaturas inferiores à de combustão da resina a parte orgânica age com ligante. Após a decomposição térmica, o produto da combustão, ou seja, alumina contendo íons Mn, passa a ser um ligante inorgânico mas apresentando composição química semelhante à do filtro. O...

  11. Utilização de uma resina preparada pelo método da solução líquida de citratos como ligante durante a preparação de filtros cerâmicos à base de alumina

    OpenAIRE

    Gouvêa,D.; Savaglia Neto,W. A.; Capocchi,J. D. T.

    1999-01-01

    Este trabalho propõe a preparação de filtros cerâmicos macroporosos pela técnica da impregnação de espumas de poliuretano e utilização de uma resina preparada pelo método Pechini contendo íons alumínio e manganês como ligante. Nas temperaturas inferiores à de combustão da resina a parte orgânica age com ligante. Após a decomposição térmica, o produto da combustão, ou seja, alumina contendo íons Mn, passa a ser um ligante inorgânico mas apresentando composição química semelhante à do filtro. O...

  12. Physiological factors affecting renal radiation tolerance: a guide to the treatment of late effects

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Robbins, M.E.C.; Hopewell, J.W.

    1986-01-01

    The results presented provide preliminary information concerning the ability of vasoactive compounds to modify the reduction in renal haemodynamics following renal irradiation. The two compounds are widely used in the clinical treatment of hypertension. The radiation-induced changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) observed in bilaterally irradiated pigs which received 150 mg indoramin daily were similar to those seen in pigs which received radiation alone: if anything the former exhibited greater decline in renal function. Two of the three Captopril-treated animals appeared to show a reduced impairment of renal function compared with irradiated controls. It is not known why the remaining pig did not show a similar response. However, plasma renin levels in this pig, measured 10 weeks after irradiation, were markedly higher than in the other two animals, i.e. 10.7 compared with 2.3 and 4.5 pmol -1 ml -1 , possibly reflecting greater renal damage. The total renal weight at postmortem of this pig was considerably reduced (approx. 50%), whereas the renal weights of the remaining Captopril-treated pigs were similar to those of age-related controls. (UK)

  13. Characterization of dipeptidylcarboxypeptidase of Leishmania donovani: a molecular model for structure based design of antileishmanials

    Science.gov (United States)

    Baig, Mirza Saqib; Kumar, Ashutosh; Siddiqi, Mohammad Imran; Goyal, Neena

    2010-01-01

    Leishmania donovani dipeptidylcarboxypeptidsae (LdDCP), an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) related metallopeptidase has been identified and characterized as a putative drug target for antileishmanial chemotherapy. The kinetic parameters for LdDCP with substrate, Hip-His-Leu were determined as, Km, 4 mM and Vmax, 1.173 μmole/ml/min. Inhibition studies revealed that known ACE inhibitors (captopril and bradykinin potentiating peptide; BPP1) were weak inhibitors for LdDCP as compared to human testicular ACE (htACE) with Ki values of 35.8 nM and 3.9 μM, respectively. Three dimensional model of LdDCP was generated based on crystal structure of Escherichia coli DCP (EcDCP) by means of comparative modeling and assessed using PROSAII, PROCHECK and WHATIF. Captopril docking with htACE, LdDCP and EcDCP and analysis of molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP) suggested that the active site domain of three enzymes has several minor but potentially important structural differences. These differences could be exploited for designing selective inhibitor of LdDCP thereby antileishmanial compounds either by denovo drug design or virtual screening of small molecule databases.

  14. INFLUENCE OF COMBINED ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AND ANTIDEPRESSANT THERAPY ON LEFT VENTRICULAR REMODELING IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION, ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Y. A. Vasyuk

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Aim. To assess influence of combined antihypertensive (captopril or metoprolol and antidepressant (thianeptin or sertralin therapy on clinical status, blood pressure (BP and myocardial function in patients with arterial hypertension (HT and affective disorders (AD.Material and methods. 106 patients with HT were involved in the study. 64 patients (60,4% had concomitant AD. All patients were divided into 3 groups. 46 patients with HT and AD were included in the 1-st group. They received metoprolol or captopril in combination with tianeptine or sertaline. The 2-nd group included 18 patients with HT and AD who received only antihypertensive therapy. The 3-rd group consisted of 42 patients with HT without AD. They also received only antihypertensive therapy.Results. After 6 month therapy patients of the 1-st and the 3-rd groups had more significant clinical improvement and BP reduction (according to 24- hour BP monitoring as well as more farourable structural and functional changes of left ventricular in comparison with patients of the 2-nd group.Conclusion. In patients with HT and concomitant AD combined antihypertensive and antidepressant therapy result in favourable clinical changes, effectively reduce BP, improve left ventricular structure and function.

  15. Community pharmacists’ attitudes and knowledge on dispensing drugs.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Baldon JP

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available The present study aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes of the pharmacists on dispensing drugs to pregnant women. Methods: Cross-sectional study in 150 community pharmacies randomly selected in Curitiba (Brazil. A closed end questionnaire with 25 questions were used, including dispensing scenarios containing risk types A, B, D or X and questions on pharmacist interaction with pregnant women, physicians, and information sources availability. Results: Pharmacists performed appropriately in 53% of the encounters. Lower success were associated to prednison and captopril (24.8% in both, end cases producing more doubts were captopril (31.7% and simvastatin (30.7%. Most of the pharmacists state have advised drugs to pregnant women or contact to the physician to discuss about a prescription related with this issue. A Majority (64.4% did not feel able to understand FDA risk classification and did not have trustable information sources in pharmacy. Conclusions: Pharmacists dispensing drugs in Curitiba are not able to interpret information on the use of drugs in pregnant women, and they don have reliable information sources on the use of dugs in pregnancy. However, they advice and counsel drugs to pregnant women and discuss with physicians therapeutic strategies.

  16. Sistemas biodegradáveis contendo acetato de prednisolona para administração orbitária Biodegradable systems containing prednisolone acetate for orbital administration

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ricardo Martins Duarte Byrro

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: O presente estudo objetivou o desenvolvimento e a avaliação de um sistema biodegradável de liberação de fármacos com característica de liberação prolongada, destinado à administração orbitária de acetato de prednisolona (AP. MÉTODOS: O sistema desenvolvido, na forma de microesferas (MEs de poli-e-caprolactona (PCL contendo o AP, foi obtido pelo método de evaporação de solvente. As MEs foram caracterizadas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV, calorimetria diferencial exploratória (DSC, avaliação do teor de encapsulação e pelo perfil de liberação in vitro. O perfil de liberação in vivo foi avaliado em coelhos após administração peribulbar de uma suspensão aquosa das MEs. A biocompatibilidade local do sistema foi verificada por meio de análise histopatológica da região de implantação. RESULTADOS: Após obtenção das MEs, a análise morfológica por MEV mostrou a viabilidade do método de obtenção do sistema. O teor de AP encapsulado foi de 43 ± 7% e pode ser considerado bastante satisfatório. A caracterização do sistema por DSC, além de confirmar a sua estabilidade, não indicou a existência de interação entre o fármaco e o polímero. O estudo de liberação in vitro indicou que o sistema apresenta perfil de liberação prolongada. O estudo in vivo confirmou o perfil de liberação prolongado do AP a partir das MEs, sugerindo, também, a viabilidade do sistema devido à ausência de toxicidade local. CONCLUSÃO: O conjunto dos resultados obtidos neste trabalho é relevante e credencia o sistema desenvolvido como uma possível alternativa ao tratamento de orbitopatias inflamatórias.PURPOSE: The present study aimed to evaluate an injectable extended-release formulation of prednisolone acetate (PA for orbital administration. METHODS: Microspheres (MEs of poly-e-caprolactone (PCL containing PA were developed by the method of solvent evaporation. The MEs obtained were characterized by

  17. Efeitos da farinha de folhas de mandioca sobre a peroxidação lipídica, o perfil lipídico sangüíneo e o peso do fígado de ratos Effects of cassava leaf flour on lipidic peroxidation, blood lipidic profile and liver weight of rats

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    Daniela Séfora de Melo

    2007-04-01

    Full Text Available Sabe-se que polifenóis e saponinas apresentam efeitos antioxidante e hipolipidêmico, respectivamente. Como folhas de mandioca contêm estas substâncias, foi investigado o efeito de dietas contendo a farinha de folhas de mandioca (FFM sobre a peroxidação lipídica, o perfil lipídico sangüíneo e o peso do fígado de ratos. Para isto, folhas maduras de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz cv. Cacao foram secas em estufa ventilada a 30-35 ºC e trituradas sem os pecíolos. Um ensaio biológico, com 32 ratos machos Wistar, foi conduzido por um período de 7 semanas com quatro tratamentos: dieta controle e dietas contendo 5%, 10% e 15% de FFM, sendo todas suplementadas com 1% de colesterol. As dietas se apresentaram isoenergéticas e contendo os mesmos níveis de proteína digestível e fibras. Foi observado que dietas contendo FFM não apresentaram efeitos significativos sobre o perfil lipídico sangüíneo e sobre as variáveis de desempenho, mas contribuiram para o aumento no peso do fígado. Já as dietas contendo 10% e 15% de FFM foram associadas à redução nos teores plasmáticos de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico.It is well known that polyphenols and saponins present antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects, respectively. As cassava leaves contains these substances, the effects of diets supplemented with cassava leaf flour (CLF on lipidic peroxidation, blood lipid profile and liver weight of rats were investigated. Therefore, ripe cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz cv. Cacao were dried in a ventilated oven at 30-35 ºC and ground without the petioles. A biological assay was conducted during 7 weeks with 32 Wistar male rats submitted to four treatments: control diet and diets containing 5%, 10% and 15% CLF, all supplemented with 1% cholesterol. Diets were isoenergetic and contained the same levels of digestible protein, and fibers. It was observed that diets containing CLF presented no significant effect on blood

  18. Avaliação protéica de uma nova multimistura com base no milho QPM BR 473 Protein evaluation of a nutritional supplement based on QPM BR 473 maize

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    Enara Cristina Silva Glória

    2004-09-01

    Full Text Available A multimistura tem sido utilizada no Brasil pela Pastoral da Criança, em parceria com governos municipais, a fim de reduzir a desnutrição infantil. Não obstante, a eficácia deste suplemento tem sido constantemente arguida, devido à possível presença de fatores antinutricionais. No presente trabalho descrevemos a avaliação biológica de um suplemento contendo milho QPM BR473. Trinta e seis ratos Wistar machos, com 21-23 dias de idade, foram divididos em seis grupos de seis animais cada e alimentados com dietas de caseína contendo multimistura pura, com QPM BR473, láctea (contendo leite em pó, láctea contendo QPM BR473 ou a multimistura proposta (contendo QPM BR473, farinhas de aveia, soja e banana e açúcar mascavo. Mediu-se a Retenção Protéica Líquida. A condição microbiológica dos suplementos e seu custo foram também determinados. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o QPM BR473 pode ser usado em suplementos nutricionais, com alto valor nutritivo, expresso por sua qualidade protéica, e com baixa relação custo/benefício.Nutritional supplements, known as "multimisturas", prepared with low cost ingredients have been distributed in Brazil by municipal governments, in partnership with non-governmental organizations, in order to reduce infant malnutrition. Nevertheless the efficacy of these supplements has been constantly argued, due to the possible presence of anti-nutritional factors. The present work describes the biological evaluation of a supplement containing Quality Protein Maize BR 473. Thirty six 21-23-day old male Wistar rats were divided into six groups of six animals each. The groups were fed casein diets, each containing respectively: "multimistura", "multimistura" with QPM BR 473, "multimistura" with powdered milk, "multimistura" with powderedmilk and QPM BR 473 or the proposed new supplement (containing QPM BR 473 flour, oat meal, soybean flour, brown sugar and banana meal. Net protein retention was measured

  19. Migração de β-caprolactama de embalagens contendo poliamida 6 para simulante ácido acético 3% e validação do método analítico β-Caprolactam migration from polyamide 6 packaging into 3% acetic acid food simulant and validation of the analytical method

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    Juliana Silva Félix

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e validar método analítico para determinar ε-caprolactama no simulante de alimentos solução de ácido acético 3% e estudar sua migração de embalagens contendo poliamida 6 para o simulante em contato. Foi empregada a cromatografia gasosa usando ε-caprolactama como padrão analítico e 2-azociclononanona como padrão interno. A linearidade esteve entre 1,60 e 640,00 µg de ε-caprolactama.mL-1 de simulante, com coeficiente de correlação 0,9999. Os limites de detecção e de quantificação do método foram 0,24 e 1,60 ng, respectivamente. A precisão do método revelou valores de coeficiente de variação menores que 4,3% e a avaliação da exatidão mostrou recuperação de 100 a 106%. O método demonstrou ser eficaz para quantificar ε-caprolactama no simulante, apresentando ampla linearidade, boa precisão e exatidão. No ensaio de migração, embalagens contendo poliamida 6 foram colocadas em tubos de vidro com 10 mL do simulante, que foram hermeticamente fechados e acondicionados a 40 ± 1 °C durante 10 dias. O ensaio de migração foi realizado por imersão total. A quantidade de ε-caprolactama migrada variou de 7,8 a 10,5 e de 6,9 a 7,6 mg.kg-1 de simulante para as embalagens destinadas aos produtos cárneos e queijos, respectivamente. Todas as embalagens atenderam às exigências da Legislação Brasileira para migração de ε-caprolactama.The aim of this work was to develop and validate an analytical method to determine ε-caprolactam in 3% acetic acid solution and to study its migration from polyamide 6 into food simulant. Gas chromatography was used with ε-caprolactam as an analytical standard and 2-azacyclononanone as an internal standard. The linearity was obtained by the concentration range of 1.60 to 640.00 µg.mL-1, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999. Detection and quantification limits of the method were 0.24 ng and 1.60 ng, respectively. Relative standard

  20. Effects of soy protein containing isoflavones on women's lipid profile: a meta-analysis Efeitos do consumo de proteína de soja contendo isoflavonas sobre a concentração de lipídeos séricos em mulheres: metanálise

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    Clarice Cardozo da Costa Prediger

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available This study evaluated the effects of soy protein containing isoflavones on the lipid profile of women. A meta-analysis including 13 eligible randomized controlled trials was carried out. The literature was systematically searched for randomized controlled trials on the effects of soy protein containing isoflavones on the serum lipids of adult women. The main searched databases were PubMed, Cochrane Library, MedLine, Lilacs and Web of Science. Randomized controlled trials were included if they met the following criteria: published from 1966 to 2005, the study population consisted of women only, had either a crossover or a parallel design and the amounts of soy protein and isoflavones consumed were provided. Weighted mean effect sizes were calculated for net changes in serum lipid concentrations using fixed-effects and random-effects models. Prespecified subgroup analyses were performed to explore the influence of covariates on net lipid change. Soy protein with isoflavones was associated with a significant decrease in total serum cholesterol (by 5.34mg/dL, or 2.4%, p=0.03. No significant associations were detected for low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triacylglycerols and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Amounts of soy protein greater than 40g decreased total cholesterol by 6.56mg/dL (95% CI: -12.35 to -0.39, p=0.04. Soy protein supplementation had small statistically significant effects on the total serum cholesterol of women, but they were clinically insignificant. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant effects on serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol or triglycerides.Avaliar o efeito da proteína de soja isolada contendo isoflavonas sobre os níveis de lipídeos séricos em mulheres adultas através de uma metanálise. Realizou-se uma busca sistemática de artigos nos bancos de dados Cochrane Library, MedLine e Web of Science databases. Foram selecionados somente ensaios cl

  1. Transplante cardíaco em Campo Grande - MS. Redução significativa de lesão coronária pós transplante: relato de caso

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    Marcos Vinícius R. P. CALDAS

    1997-04-01

    Full Text Available No Serviço de Cirurgia Cardíaca da Santa Casa de Campo Grande/MS - foi realizado, em 23 de setembro de 1994, um transplante cardíaco ortotópico no paciente C.A.D., 27 anos, portador de miocardiopatia dilatada idiopática, o qual transcorreu sem anormalidades. O paciente recebeu alta da UTI com 7 dias e alta hospitalar no 40º dia de pós-operatório, recebendo ciclosporina, azatioprina e prednisona para manutenção do enxerto, captopril, furosemida e aspirina. Apresentou no 1º ano de seguimento 2 episódios de rejeição, leve e moderada, sendo modificada a posologia dos imunossupressores. Em setembro de 1995, nos exames de seguimento, foi detectada, na coronariografia, lesão obstrutiva de 50% em artéria coronária direita. Decidiu-se modificar a terapêutica do paciente, iniciando diltiazen substituindo o captopril, e associando-se complexo vitamínico (betacaroteno, C e E mais selênio, na tentativa de evitar progressão da lesão obstrutiva. Foi também realizada orientação dietética por nutricionista. Após 12 meses com a nova terapêutica, a coronariografia mostrou redução significativa da lesão obstrutiva em artéria coronária direita. Durante todo o período de seguimento o paciente apresentou níveis normais no lipidograma. Hoje o paciente encontra-se no terceiro ano de seguimento, assintomático e tendo suas atividades habituais sem intercorrências.The Cardiac Surgery Service of Campo Grande, Santa Casa/MS performed on September 23 rd, 1994 an orthotopic cardiac transplantation in a 27 year-old man with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, which elapsed without abnormalities. The patient left the ICU in 7 days and was discharged at 40 th postoperative day, receiving cyclosporine, azathioprine and prednisone for graft support; captopril, furosemide and aspirin. Presented at one year follow-up, 2 rejection episodes, mil and moderate, when the immunesupressivet herapy dose was modified. On September 1995, at follow up, an

  2. Análisis del consumo de inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angioténsina en el territorio oeste de La Habana, 2005-2009 Analysis of the consumption of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the west side of Havana, 2005-2009

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    José Ramón Cabrera Cepero

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available La planificación de los recursos es un problema trascendental en los países en desarrollo y también en Cuba, por lo que hacer el mejor uso de los presupuestos limitados y de las escasas divisas, es de vital importancia. Planificar las cantidades de medicamentos necesarias, para lograr garantizar una disponibilidad adecuada de estos en todos los niveles de asistencia, es una tarea en la cual intervienen un sinnúmero de factores. El objetivo de este trabajo fue demostrar en qué medida la introducción del enalapril tabletas influyó en el consumo del captopril tabletas, mediante el análisis de los patrones de consumo de los medicamentos inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina en el territorio oeste de La Habana entre marzo de 2005 y diciembre de 2009. Para ello se realizó un estudio de utilización de medicamentos de consumo, de tipo descriptivo, observacional y retrospectivo. Se calcularon las DHD (dosis por mil habitantes día. Los resultados de este trabajo demuestran cómo en este grupo hay un desplazamiento del consumo hacia el enalapril. Este es un comportamiento lógico por la comodidad de la administración y la menor incidencia de efectos adversos. Sin embargo, el captopril se mantiene en valores entre 20 y 30 DHD x 1 000 habitantes ya que hay un grupo de pacientes que continúan con este tratamiento y es de elección en la crisis hipertensiva.The planning of resources is a pressing problem in the developing nations including Cuba, hence using restricted budgets and dwindling foreign currencies in the best possible way is a must. Planning the amount of required drugs to assure their adequate supply at all medical assistance levels is a vital task in which a number of factors are involved. This paper was aimed at showing to what extent the introduction of enalapril pills into the market influenced the consumption of captopril tablets, through the analysis of the consumption patterns of angiotensin-converting enzyme

  3. Aplicação de revestimentos comestíveis em pêssego (Prunus persica Use of edible coating in peaches

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    Giselle de Assis Jacometti

    2003-04-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência de revestimentos comestíveis sobre a vida-de-prateleira, perda de massa, atividade metabólica e contaminação microbiológicas em pêssegos in natura. Foram utilizados pêssegos brancos cv. Perola de Mairinque (IAC 769-8 revestidos com soluções de 1% de goma gelana (p/v e 1% goma gelana + 1% sorbitol (p/v, embalados em caixas de papelão e armazenados a 10ºC / 80-85% UR por 16 dias. Frutos sem revestimento serviram de controle. Os revestimentos à base de goma gelana e gelana+sorbitol não alteraram a atividade fisiológica dos pêssegos, medida através da taxa de respiração, teor de sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável ao longo da armazenagem. Não houve diferença entre as taxas de perda de massa, que ficaram em torno de 1,4g/100g.dia. Os revestimentos não alteraram a aceitação dos pêssegos em termos de sabor e em termos de aparência, o controle obteve notas superiores aos revestidos devida a opacidade que o revestimento conferiu aos frutos. Na contagem total de microrganismos aeróbios mesófilos e bolores e leveduras não houve diferença entre os tratamentos ao longo da armazenagem, mas em termos de microrganismos psicrotróficos os frutos revestidos apresentaram uma menor contagem em relação ao controle. Revestimentos à base de goma gelana e gelana+sorbitol não aumentaram a vida-de-prateleira de pêssegos armazenados sob refrigeração devido à composição do revestimento, que não reduziu a perda de massa nem a atividade fisiológica dos frutos.The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of edible coatings on shelf-life, weight loss, metabolic activity and microbial contamination of peaches in natura. White peaches cv. Perola de Mairinque (IAC 769-8 were coated with 1% gelan gum (p/v and 1% gelan gum + 1% sorbitol (p/v solutions, packed in paperboard box and stored at 10ºC/80-85% RH during 16 days. No coated fruits served as control. Gelan and gelan

  4. Vasorelaxing and antihypertensive activities of synthesized peptides derived from computer-aided simulation of pepsin hydrolysis of yam dioscorin

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    Lin, Yin-Shiou; Lu, Yeh-Lin; Wang, Guei-Jane; Liang, Hong-Jen; Hou, Wen-Chi

    2014-01-01

    Background We reported that yam dioscorin and its peptic hydrolysates exhibited ACE inhibition and antihypertensive effects on SHRs, however, the active peptides are not really isolated until now. Using ACE inhibitory screenings, two penta-peptides, KTCGY and KRIHF, were selected for ex vivo and in vivo experiments. Results KTCGY, KRIHF, and captopril were shown to have similar vasodilating effects against phenylephrine (PE)-induced tensions in rat endothelium-dependent thoracic aortic rings,...

  5. Estudo de liberação in vitro do filtro solar p-metoxicinamato de octila incluso em lipossoma e β-ciclodextrina

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    E. P. SANTOS

    2009-05-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a liberação do p-metoxicinamato de octila (MCO a partir de três formulações em gel. A primeira contendo o MCO livre, a segunda contendo o MCO incluso em β-ciclodextrina (β-CD/MCO e a terceira contendo o MCO incluso em lipossoma (lipossoma/MCO. O estudo de liberação foi realizado em células de difusão do tipo Franz usando membrana artifi cial de acetato de celulose. A concentração de MCO liberada foi determinada por cromatografi a líquida de alta efi ciência (CLAE. Os perfi s de liberação in vitro mostraram que a inclusão do MCO nesses sistemas de liberação reduziu a liberação do MCO para a solução receptora comparando com a formulação de MCO livre. Entre as formulações de β-CD/MCO e lipossoma/MCO, a que liberou menor concentração de MCO para a solução receptora foi a formulação de lipossoma/MCO, mostrando os melhores resultados. Palavras-chave: p-metoxicinamato de octila; lipossoma; ciclodextrina; célula de Franz; liberação in vitro.

  6. Estudo da descoloração de efluente contendo rodamina por fungos basidiomicetos cultivados em sistema contendo resíduo de pupunha /

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    Sousa, Maria Luiza Fausto de, 1986-; Tavares, Lorena Benathar Ballod, 1959-; Valle, José Alexandre Borges, 1970-; Universidade Regional de Blumenau. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental.

    2014-01-01

    Orientador: Lorena Benathar Ballod Tavares. Co-orientador: José Alexandre Borges Valle. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Ambiental) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas.

  7. Substituição de amianto por silicato de alumínio e grafite expansível em compósito de poliuretano utilizado em motor-foguete Substitution of asbestos for aluminosiliacate and expandable graphite in polyurethane composites used in rocket motors

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    Henrique Crespim

    2007-09-01

    Full Text Available Compósitos de poliuretano e amianto (liner são utilizados como revestimento interno em paredes de motor-foguete, conferindo proteção térmica e garantindo a adesão entre o propelente e as paredes do motor. No entanto, o uso do amianto tem sido restringido devido à sua toxidade. No presente trabalho, o amianto foi substituído por um silicato de alumínio hidratado (SA e pelo grafite expansível (GE em diferentes teores no liner. Resultados de análise termogravimétrica (TG mostraram que a estabilidade térmica do liner praticamente não é afetada pela substituição das cargas, embora a energia de ativação (Ea obtida para a decomposição tenha mudado, mostrando maiores valores para as amostras contendo as cargas SA e GE. A análise termomecânica (TMA mostrou que o coeficiente de expansão térmica linear do liner contendo SA foi menor que aquele encontrado para o liner contendo amianto. O liner contendo a carga SA também apresentou os maiores valores de tensão nos testes mecânicos de tração.Composites of polyurethane (PU and asbestos (liner are used as internal coating of rocket motors, providing thermal protection and assuring the adhesion between propellant and the motor walls. However, the use of asbestos has been restricted due to its hazardous nature. In the present work, asbestos was replaced by hydrated alumina silicate (SA and expandable graphite (GE in different contents. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG showed that the thermal stability of liners was practically unaffected by the filler replacement although the activation energy obtained for the decomposition has changed. Thermomechanical analysis (TMA showed that coefficients of thermal expansion of SA/liners were lower than asbestos/liner. SA/liners also presented the highest tension values in mechanical tests.

  8. Dentifrício peróxido de hidrogênio: ação clareadora?

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    Antón, Ana Rita Sokolonski

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Avaliar in vitro o grau de clareamento e de desmineralização do esmalte humano submetido à ação de dentifrício clareador. Metodologia: Pré-molares escurecidos foram escovados com dentifrícios contendo H2O2 ou bicarbonato de sódio por 28 dias. A eficácia destas substâncias foi comparada à ação do gel de peróxido de carbamida. O clareamento foi determinado por espectrofotometria – Sistema CIELab – e a desmineralização por laser de diodo. Resultados: Após 28 dias de escovação com o dentifrício contendo H2O2 constatouse aumento de luminosidade e redução do parâmetro a*; com 14 dias de aplicação do gel ocorreu a eliminação da pigmentação. As médias dos valores de ?E para os grupos controle negativo e submetidos ao gel e aos dentifrícios contendo H2O2 e NaHCO3 foram, respectivamente: 26,27±8,66; 6,82±3,89; 16,78±6,22 e 29,21±5,07. A desmineralização inicial dos grupos revelou grau reduzido. Realizada a pigmentação, a descalcificação aumentou com exceção do grupo tratado com o gel. Conclusão: Há redução da desmineralização do esmalte, aumento do parâmetro L* e redução de a* após 28 dias de escovação com dentifrício contendo H2O2. O dentifrício com o abrasivo NaHCO3 não tem eficácia clareadora e resulta em desmineralização

  9. Management of patients with severe hypertension in emergency department, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai hospital.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sruamsiri, Kamphee; Chenthanakij, Boriboon; Wittayachamnankul, Borwon

    2014-09-01

    Management of patients with severe hypertension without progressive target organ damage remains controversial. Some guidelines mentioned oral anti-hypertensive medication as a treatment to reduce blood pressure in the emergency department, while others recommended against such treatment. To review the management ofpatients with severe hypertension without progressive target organ damage in the emergency department, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai hospital. In a retrospective descriptive analysis study, medical records ofadult patients diagnosed with severe hypertension without progressive target organ damage between January 2011 and December 2012 were reviewed. Patient demographics, data on management including investigation sent and treatment given were collected. Statistical analysis was done by using descriptive statistics and Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance test. One hundred fifty one medical records were reviewed. Four oral anti-hypertensive medication were used to reduce blood pressure, Amlodipine, Captopril, Hydralazine, and Nifedipine. There were no significant diference between each medication in terms of their effect on bloodpressure reduction (p = 0.513). No side effect or other complications from the use of oral anti-hypertensive medication were recorded The choice of medication used for the treatment of hypertensive urgency ranged from Amlodipine, Captopril, Hydralazine, and Nifedipine, which varied in dosage. However their efficacies were the same when compared with each other and none produced any notable side effects.

  10. Zinc-selective inhibition of the promiscuous bacterial amide-hydrolase DapE: implications of metal heterogeneity for evolution and antibiotic drug design.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Uda, Narasimha Rao; Upert, Grégory; Angelici, Gaetano; Nicolet, Stefan; Schmidt, Tobias; Schwede, Torsten; Creus, Marc

    2014-01-01

    The development of resistance to virtually all current antibiotics makes the discovery of new antimicrobial compounds with novel protein targets an urgent challenge. The dapE-encoded N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase (DapE) is an essential metallo-enzyme for growth and proliferation in many bacteria, acting in the desuccinylation of N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid (SDAP) in a late stage of the anabolic pathway towards both lysine and a crucial building block of the peptidoglycan cell wall. L-Captopril, which has been shown to exhibit very promising inhibitory activity in vitro against DapE and has attractive drug-like properties, nevertheless does not target DapE in bacteria effectively. Here we show that L-captopril targets only the Zn(2+)-metallo-isoform of the enzyme, whereas the Mn(2+)-enzyme, which is also a physiologically relevant isoform in bacteria, is not inhibited. Our finding provides a rationale for the failure of this promising lead-compound to exhibit any significant antibiotic activity in bacteria and underlines the importance of addressing metallo-isoform heterogeneity in future drug design. Moreover, to our knowledge, this is the first example of metallo-isoform heterogeneity in vivo that provides an evolutionary advantage to bacteria upon drug-challenge.

  11. S-nitrosocaptopril nanoparticles as nitric oxide-liberating and transnitrosylating anti-infective technology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mordorski, Breanne; Pelgrift, Robert; Adler, Brandon; Krausz, Aimee; da Costa Neto, Alexandre Batista; Liang, Hongying; Gunther, Leslie; Clendaniel, Alicea; Harper, Stacey; Friedman, Joel M; Nosanchuk, Joshua D; Nacharaju, Parimala; Friedman, Adam J

    2015-02-01

    Nitric oxide (NO), an essential agent of the innate immune system, exhibits multi-mechanistic antimicrobial activity. Previously, NO-releasing nanoparticles (NO-np) demonstrated increased antimicrobial activity when combined with glutathione (GSH) due to formation of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a transnitrosylating agent. To capitalize on this finding, we incorporated the thiol-containing ACE-inhibitor, captopril, with NO-np to form SNO-CAP-np, nanoparticles that both release NO and form S-nitrosocaptopril. In the presence of GSH, SNO-CAP-np demonstrated increased transnitrosylation activity compared to NO-np, as exhibited by increased GSNO formation. Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were highly susceptible to SNO-CAP-np in a dose-dependent fashion, with E. coli being most susceptible, and SNO-CAP-np were nontoxic in zebrafish embryos at translatable concentrations. Given SNO-CAP-np's increased transnitrosylation activity and increased E. coli susceptibility compared to NO-np, transnitrosylation rather than free NO is likely responsible for overcoming E. coli's resistance mechanisms and ultimately killing the pathogen. This team of authors incorporated the thiol-containing ACE-inhibitor, captopril, into a nitric oxide releasing nanoparticle system, generating nanoparticles that both release NO and form S-nitrosocaptopril, with pronounced toxic effects on MRSA and E. coli in the presented model system. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  12. Estudo de perfil de dissolução dos medicamentos de referência, genérico e similar contendo cefalexina na forma farmacêutica cápsula

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    MARLUS CHORILLI

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Com o avanço da tecnologia e das pesquisas envolvendo liberação de fármacos, modernização de testes e maior ênfase da previsibilidade de efeitos terapêuticos por meio dos testes in vitro, os testes de dissolução e os estudos de perfis de dissolução têm ganhado cada vez mais importância. Apesar de terem sido introduzidos inicialmente como uma forma de caracterizar o perfil de liberação de fármacos pouco solúveis, atualmente os testes de dissolução fazem parte das monografias de quase todas as formas farmacêuticas sólidas orais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o perfil de dissolução (porcentagem de fármaco dissolvido versus tempo dos medicamentos de referência, genérico e similar contendo cefalexina 500 mg na forma farmacêutica de cápsulas. Foram analisadas três especialidades farmacêuticas (referência, genérico e similar, os quais foram submetidos ao teste de dissolução e perfil de dissolução in vitro. Os resultados obtidos no teste de dissolução permitem concluir que as amostras encontraram-se de acordo com as especificações e o perfil de dissolução deste medicamento, nesta forma farmacêutica, é considerado de dissolução rápida (85% de fármaco dissolvido em 15 minutos. Portanto, existe uma grande semelhança entre as curvas obtidas, o que sugere que se trata de equivalentes farmacêuticos. Palavras-chave: Cefalexina. Perfil de dissolução. Medicamento referência. Medicamento genérico. Medicamento similar. ABSTRACT Study of dissolution profile of the pioneer brand name, generic and similar brand name pharmaceutical products containing cephalexin in the form of capsules With recent advances in technology and research into drug delivery, the modernization of tests and greater emphasis on the predictability of therapeutic effect by means of in vitro tests, the dissolution test and the study of dissolution profiles are gaining more and more importance. Though introduced

  13. Desempenho da tilápia-do-Nilo arraçoada com dietas contendo farinha de sangue bovino atomizado ou convencional = Performance of nile tilapia fed with spray-dried or vat-dries bovine blood meal

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    Willian Vicente Narváez-Solarte

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available Foi avaliado o desempenho e os índices de rendimento da tilápia-do-Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus alimentada com níveis crescentes de farinha de sangue atomizado (FSA ou de farinha de sangue convencional (FSC em dietas formuladas com base em aminoácidos digestíveis. Foram utilizados 252 alevinos, distribuídos num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial (2 x 4 + 1, duas classes de farinha de sangue com quatro níveis de inclusão de cada farinha na dieta, e uma dieta-controle, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em uma dieta-controle à base de farelo de soja, contendo 34% de proteína digestível (PD e 3.200 kcal de energia digestível kg-1 (ED, mais quatro rações formuladas com FSA e quatro rações com FSC, com inclusões de 5, 10, 15 e 20% de cada farinha na ração, mantendo-se os níveis de PD, ED, fósforo, cálcio, lisina, metionina, treonina e triptofano idênticos aos da dieta-controle. Concluiu-se que é possível utilizar até 15% da FSC em rações para tilápia-do-Nilo na fase de 5 a 150 g de peso vivo.The study evaluated the performance and carcass composition index of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus fed with diets containing increasing levels of spray-dried blood meal (SDBM and vat-dried blood meal (VDBM and formulated based on digestible amino acids. Two hundred and fifty-two fingerlings were distributed in a completelyrandomized design, in a (2 x 4 + 1 factorial model, two types of blood meal with four levels of each blood meal in the diet, and a control diet (without blood meal, with four replications. The treatments consisted of soybean meal-based control diet, with 34%digestible protein (DP and 3,200 kcal of digestible energy kg-1 (DE, plus four diets formulated with SDBM and four diets with VDBM, containing 5, 10, 15 and 20% of each meal in feed, maintaining identical DP, DE, phosphorus, calcium, lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan levels as those of the control diet. The

  14. Comportamento ingestivo de ovinos Santa Inês alimentados com dietas contendo farelo de cacau Ingestive behavior of Santa Inês sheep fed diets with cocoa meal

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    Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available O experimento foi conduzido para avaliar o comportamento ingestivo de ovinos alimentados com dietas contendo farelo de cacau. Foram utilizados 16 ovinos Santa Inês fêmeas, não-gestantes e não-lactantes, com peso corporal médio de 25 kg e aproximadamente 12 meses de idade, mantidos em baias individuais. O farelo de cacau foi fornecido no concentrado nos níveis de 0, 10, 20 e 30% e, como volumoso, utilizou-se feno de mandioca. As dietas foram fornecidas em mistura completa, na proporção 50:50 volumoso:concentrado. Os tempos de alimentação, ruminação e ócio obtidos em 24 horas de observação foram semelhantes. Contudo, os animais que consumiram dietas com maiores níveis de farelo de cacau, acima de 14,8% de substituição no concentrado, reduziram o número de bolos ruminados por dia, que foi compensado pelo aumento do tempo de mastigações por bolo. Os consumos de matéria seca (MS e fibra em detergente neutro (FDN e a eficiência de alimentação (g MS e FDN/hora não foram influenciados pelos níveis de farelo de cacau na dieta, entretanto, esse alimento provocou alterações na eficiência de ruminação (g MS e FDN/bolo. O número de mastigações merícicas por bolo ruminado aumentou linearmente, enquanto o número de mastigações por dia apresentou comportamento quadrático, com valor máximo de 42.818,4 mastigações diárias para o nível de 16,9% de farelo de cacau. Embora não se tenha verificado diferença nos consumos de MS e FDN (kg/dia, a inclusão de farelo de cacau em dietas para ovinos Santa Inês afetou alguns parâmetros do comportamento ingestivo.The experiment was carried out to evaluate the ingestive behavior of sheep fed diets containing cocoa meal. Sixteen Santa Inês female sheep, no-pregnant, no-lactating, averaging 25 kg of body weight and 12 months of age, maintained in individual barns were used. The cocoa meal was fed in the concentrate at the levels of 0, 10, 20 and 30%, and as forage was cassava

  15. Embolização pré operatória de tumores renais com microparticulas esféricas de tecnologia nacional. (Spherus®-First line Brasil

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    Gaudencio Espinosa

    Full Text Available Os autores relatam pela primeira vez utilização de uma nova partícula para embolização, constituída de um núcleo de acetato de polivinil revestido por polivinil-álcool, de forma esférica (Spherus®-First Line Brasil, como preparo pré-operatório em três pacientes portadores de neoplasia renal, na intenção de diminuir o tamanho do tumor e prevenir complicações hemorrágicas durante o ato operatório. Estas novas partículas foram projetadas e elaboradas nos laboratórios da COPPE/UFRJ. A embolização intra-arterial pré-operatória com estas novas partículas ocasionou acentuada isquemia em todo o tecido tumoral facilitando o procedimento cirúrgico.

  16. El origen de las pirámides en el Protodinástico (C. 3200-3000 A. C.

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    Dolores Sevilla Lara

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available La evolución del poder de la realeza del Egipcio Arcaico, ha sido reflejado en la construcción funeraria, pasando de simples hoyos revestidos de adobe, momentos en el que el Estado se está formando, hasta la culminación de los grandes complejos piramidales de piedra de la Dinastía III, como símbolo de estabilidad política. La tumba tinita real en forma de mastaba se va a desarrollar en las necrópolis de Abidos y Saqqara, yacimientos en los que se centra el artículo, donde pretendo desarrollar la evolución de las diferentes tumbas y recintos funerarios y concluir con su evolución hacia las construcciones de los primeros complejos piramidales en las que se van a ir desencadenando.

  17. The effect of hypertension on adult hippocampal neurogenesis in young adult spontaneously hypertensive rats and Dahl rats

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Pištíková, Adéla; Brožka, Hana; Bencze, Michal; Radostová, Dominika; Valeš, Karel; Stuchlík, Aleš

    2017-01-01

    Roč. 66, č. 5 (2017), s. 881-887 ISSN 0862-8408 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GBP304/12/G069 Grant - others:Rada Programu interní podpory projektů mezinárodní spolupráce AV ČR(CZ) M200111204 Institutional support: RVO:67985823 Keywords : adult neurogenesis * Captopril * hypertension * Dahl rats * SHR * young animals Subject RIV: FH - Neurology OBOR OECD: Neurosciences (including psychophysiology Impact factor: 1.461, year: 2016

  18. Effect of carbamide peroxide-based bleaching agents containing fluoride or calcium on tensile strength of human enamel Efeito de agentes clareadores à base de peróxido de carbamida contendo fluoreto e cálcio na resistência à tração do esmalte humano

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    Marcelo Giannini

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of carbamide peroxide-based bleaching agents (CPG containing fluoride (CF or calcium (CCa on the ultimate tensile strength of enamel (UTS. METHOD: A "cube-like" resin composite structure was built-up on the occlusal surface of twenty-two sound third molars to facilitate specimen preparation for the micro-tensile test. The restored teeth were serially sectioned in buccal-lingual direction in slices with approximate 0.7 mm thickness. Each slice was trimmed with a fine diamond bur to reduce the buccal, internal slope enamel of the cusps to a dumb-bell shape with a cross-sectional area at the "neck" of less than 0.5 mm². The samples were randomly divided into 12 groups (n=11. The control groups were not submitted to the bleaching regimen. Specimens were treated with 10% CPG gel or with 10% CPG formulations containing CF (0.2% and 0.5% or CCa (0.05% and 0.2%. Bleached groups received the application of the 10% CPGs for 6 hours/day at 37º C, during 14 consecutive days and were stored in artificial saliva (AS or 100% relative humidity (RH among each application. After bleaching, specimens were tested with the microtensile method at 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (5%. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed between groups stored in AS or RH. Specimens treated with CF or CCa presented similar UTS as unbleached control groups. CONCLUSION: Either 10% CPG formulations containing CF or CCa can preserve the UTS after bleaching regimen.OBJETIVO: O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de agents clareadores à base de peróxido de carbamida (CPG contendo fluoreto (CF e cálcio (CCa na resistência à tração do esmalte (UTS. MÉTODO: Um bloco de resina composta foi confeccionada na superfície oclusal de vinte e dois terceiros molars hígidos para facilitar a preparação dos espécimes para o teste de micro-tração. Os dentes restaurados foram

  19. Avaliação nutricional e desempenho da silagem de raiz de mandioca contendo ou não soja integral em dietas para suínos - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v32i2.8055 Nutritional evaluation and performance of cassava root silage with or without whole soybean in swine diets - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v32i2.8055

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    Paulo Levi Oliveira Carvalho

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available Dois experimentos foram conduzidos para determinar o valor nutritivo e o desempenho de suínos nas fases de crescimento e período total, alimentados com dietas formuladas com silagem de raiz de mandioca contendo ou não soja integral. No primeiro, foram utilizados 15 suínos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em parcelas (animais subdivididas no tempo (subparcelas, totalizando cinco tratamentos e seis repetições. Os alimentos avaliados foram silagem de raiz de mandioca (MA, silagem de raiz de mandioca com inoculante (MI, silagem de raiz de mandioca + soja integral (MS e silagem de raiz de mandioca + soja integral com inoculante (MSI. As silagens apresentaram bons valores nutritivos e o uso de inoculante não foi efetivo para melhorar a digestibilidade dos nutrientes. No segundo, foram utilizados 36 suínos mestiços, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com restrição na casualização para duas classes de peso inicial, com três tratamentos, seis repetições e dois animais por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos consistiram em ração-testemunha à base de milho e farelo de soja (RT e outras duas com substituição total do milho por MA e MS. Para fase de crescimento, a conversão alimentar melhorou com o uso das silagens. Conclui-se que as silagens de mandioca, contendo ou não soja integral, apresentam bons valores nutritivos e podem substituir totalmente o milho na ração de suínos nas fases de crescimento e período total. alimentos alternativos; amido; desempenho; digestibilidade; valores energéticosTwo experiments were carried out to determine the nutritional value and performance of growing and total-period swine fed cassava root silage with or without whole soybean. In the first group, 15 crossbred swine were used, in a completely randomized design with parcels (animals subdivided in time (subparcels with five treatments and six replications. The study evaluated cassava root silage (CA

  20. Consumo, digestibilidade e parâmetros ruminais em bovinos de corte alimentados com dietas contendo silagem de sorgo e pré-secado de capim-tifton 85 Intake, digestibility and ruminal parameters in beef cattle fed diets with sorghum silage and tifton 85 haylage

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Odilon Gomes Pereira

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Avaliaram-se o consumo e as digestibilidades total e parcial dos nutrientes, a eficiência microbiana, o balanço de nitrogênio, a taxa de passagem da digesta ruminal, o pH e a concentração de amônia ruminal em bovinos de corte alimentados com dietas contendo como fonte de volumoso pré-secado de capim-tifton 85 e silagem de sorgo nas seguintes proporções: 100:0; 68:32; 34:66 e 0:100, respectivamente, com base na MS. Foram utilizados quatro animais mestiços Holandês × Zebu (H × Z, fistulados no rúmen e abomaso, com peso médio de 364 kg, distribuídos em um quadrado latino 4 × 4. A relação volumoso:concentrado foi de 60:40, na base da MS. Os consumos de MS, MO, PB, carboidratos totais (CT, assim como as digestibilidades totais da PB, EE, CNF e FDN não foram influenciados pelas dietas, registrando-se valores médios de 6,01; 5,69; 0,76 e 4,64 kg/dia e 67,94; 82,42; 84,43 e 53,57%, respectivamente. Os consumos de EE, CNF, FDN e NDT e as digestibilidades aparentes totais da MS, MO e CT aumentaram linearmente com o incremento da proporção de silagem de sorgo no volumoso. As digestibilidades ruminais e intestinais de MS, CT, CNF e FDN não foram influenciadas pelas dietas. O pH não foi alterado pelos tempos de coleta nem pelas dietas. A concentração de amônia foi influenciada pelos tempos de coleta, estimando-se valor máximo de 13,14 mg/100 mL, às 2,90 horas após a alimentação. Para as dietas contendo 0; 32; 66 e 100% de silagem de sorgo no volumoso estimaram-se taxas de passagem da digesta ruminal da ordem de 4,10: 4,22; 4,27 e 5,30%/hora, respectivamente. A eficiência microbiana não foi afetada pelo nível de silagem de sorgo na dieta. O uso de silagem pré-secada de capim tifton 85 associada à silagem de sorgo mostrou-se uma boa alternativa de volumoso para bovinos de corte.The intake and the total and partial digestibility of nutrients, the microbial efficiency, the nitrogen balance, the passage rates of ruminal

  1. Bactérias diazotróficas em mudas de bananeira

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    WEBER OLMAR BALLER

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho objetivou selecionar bactérias diazotróficas isoladas de bananeira (Musa spp. e avaliar sua influência no crescimento de mudas micropropagadas. Bactérias do tipo Herbaspirillum e relacionadas a Burkholderia cepacia foram inoculadas em plântulas de banana cv. Prata Anã e cv. Caipira. As bananeiras cv. Prata Anã, cultivadas in vitro com substrato pobre em N, apresentaram maior crescimento na presença de bactérias do tipo Herbaspirillum, ao passo que as bananeiras cv. Caipira cresceram melhor com o inóculo contendo bactérias do gênero Burkholderia. Em casa de vegetação, as bananeiras cv. Caipira crescidas em sacolas de plástico contendo areia e vermiculita (1:2, suplementada com a solução de Hoagland contendo 5 mg L-1 de N, apresentaram maior crescimento quando da inoculação simultânea dos dois gêneros de bactérias, em comparação à inoculação individual. A inoculação simultânea proporcionou um crescimento nas bananeiras equivalente ao observado nas plantas-controles adubadas com 50 mg L-1 de N no substrato, porém o teor e o acúmulo de N na parte aérea das bananeiras foram menores. A contribuição de bactérias diazotróficas no crescimento de bananeiras é demonstrada pela primeira vez.

  2. Tratamento anaeróbio de pentaclorofenol em reator de leito fluidificado alimentado com água residuária sintética contendo glicose como fonte única de carbono Anaerobic treatment of pentachlorophenol in a fluidized bed reactor fed with synthetic wastewater containing glucose as a single carbon source

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    Flavio Bentes Freire

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho foi utilizado um reator anaeróbio de leito fluidificado (RALF, tratando água residuária sintética contendo pentaclorofenol (PCP, submetido a condições operacionais menos idealizadas. Utilizou-se um reator com volume de 16 litros, com partículas de carvão ativado granular como meio suporte. O desempenho do reator foi verificado pelas análises usuais de monitoramento (pH, alcalinidade, DQO, ácidos voláteis e também por análises de microscopia e concentração de PCP. A presença de PCP no sistema, nas concentrações utilizadas, não alterou de maneira significativa a qualidade da biomassa presente, e nem os parâmetros de monitoramento. Em concentrações afluentes de PCP variando de 1 a 6 mg/L, foram observadas eficiências médias de remoção de 92% e 70%, respectivamente.In the present work, an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (AFBR was used for the treatment of a synthetic wastewater containing pentachlorophenol (PCP subjected to less idealized operating conditions. The reactor was a 16 litres tank with granular activated carbon particles as support media. Evaluation of AFBR performance was done by the analysis of usual monitoring parameters (pH, alkalinity, COD, volatile acids together with microscopy and PCP concentration analysis. The presence of PCP under the concentrations used did not significantly alter the amount of biomass and the performance monitoring parameters. Removal average efficiencies of the order of 92% and 70% were obtained for PCP inflow concentrations in the range of 1 to 6mg/l.

  3. Cicatrização de feridas: estudo comparativo em ratos hipertensos não tratados e tratados com inibidor da enzima conversora da angiotensina

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    Maria de Lourdes Pessole Biondo-Simões

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Reconhecer a interferência do captopril na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas de ratos hipertensos. MÉTODOS: Distribuíram-se 111 ratos em quatro grupos: controle normotenso (N=30; controle hipertenso (N=30, os quais receberam 1 ml/dia de solução de cloreto de sódio a 0.9% por via oral; grupo experimento (N=31, hipertensos que receberam 7,5mg/kg/dia de captopril e um grupo aferição (N=20, 10 hipertensos e 10 normotensos, nos quais aferiu-se a pressão na aorta abdominal, no último dia de experimento. Após 15 dias de medicação, fez-se uma incisão da pele e da tela subcutânea, na região médio-dorsal dos grupos I, II e III, seguida de síntese. Ressecaram-se as cicatrizes de 10 animais de cada grupo, no 4.º, 7.º e 14.º dias após a operação, que divididas em duas partes foram enviadas para a tensiometria e para análise histológica. RESULTADOS: A pressão arterial média de 83,18 ± 7,51 mmHg nos normotensos e 151,36 ± 10,51 mmHg nos hipertensos. As cicatrizes dos hipertensos tratados e não tratados eram menos resistentes que as dos normotensos, nos tempos iniciais (p<0,05 e que ao 14.º dia as resistências se igualaram. Não houve diferença entre o grupo tratado e o não tratado. A densidade de colágeno total foi maior nos normotensos em todos os tempos (p<0,05 e não houve diferença entre hipertensos tratados e não tratados. A epitelização, a reação inflamatória e a formação do tecido de granulação foi semelhante nos três grupos. CONCLUSÕES: O captopril, em ratos, não modifica a cicatrização, ficando as diferenças relacionadas à hipertensão.

  4. In vitro antimicrobial efficiency of a mouthwash containing triclosan/gantrez and sodium bicarbonate Eficiência antimicrobiana in vitro de um enxaguatório bucal contendo triclosan/gantrez e bicarbonato de sódio

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    Juliana Rico Pires

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Several antiseptic substances have been used as adjuncts to routine mechanical procedures of oral hygiene, based on their antimicrobial effects. The objective of this study was to assess in vitro the antimicrobial efficiency of a mouthwash containing Triclosan/Gantrez and sodium bicarbonate in comparison to both positive and negative controls. Standard strain samples of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Actinomyces viscosus and Bacillus subtilis were used. Samples of Streptococcus mutans and Gram-negative bacilli were collected from 20 volunteers (10 with a clinically healthy periodontium and 10 presenting biofilm-associated gingivitis. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity was performed by determining the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC. The results indicated that the test solution inhibited the growth of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms from the volunteers’ saliva as well as that of the standard strains at the MIC dilution of 1:20, whereas the MIC dilution of 0.12% chlorhexidine against the same bacteria was 1:80. Thus, even though the tested mouthrinse solution presented an in-vitro antimicrobial activity superior to that of a placebo, it was inferior to that of chlorhexidine.Diversas substâncias antisépticas têm sido utilizadas como adjuntos aos procedimentos mecânicos rotineiros de higiene oral, com base em seus efeitos antimicrobianos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, in vitro, a eficiência antimicrobiana de um enxaguatório bucal contendo Triclosan/Gantrez e bicarbonato de sódio, em comparação a controles positivos e negativos. Linhagens padrão de Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Actinomyces viscosus e Bacillus subtilis foram utilizadas. Amostras de Streptococcus mutans e Bacilos Gram-negativos foram coletadas de 20 voluntários (10 com um periodonto clinicamente saudável e 10 com gengivite associada à presença de biofilme. A avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana foi

  5. Determination of effect of aspirin and captopril on cat glomerular ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Index Medicus, JournalSeek, Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition, Directory of Open Access Journals. (DOAJ), African Journal Online, Bioline International, Open-J-Gate and Pharmacy Abstracts. INTRODUCTION. Scintigraphy has been proposed as a practical method in nuclear medicine. In addition, it is one.

  6. Selection and characterization of carotenoid-producing yeasts from Campinas region, Brazil Seleção e caracterização de leveduras produtoras decarotenóides na região de Campinas, Brasil

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    Iriani R. Maldonade

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available The objective of the present study was to select and identify yeasts from Brazil capable of producing carotenoids. Pigmented yeasts were isolated from soil, leaves, fruits, flowers and a processed product. The samples were incubated at 30ºC in Erlenmeyer flasks, containing YM broth. After 48 hours, they were inoculated in Petri dishes with YM agar, and incubated at 30ºC during 120 hours. The yeast colonies, which presented yellow to red coloration, were transferred to culture tubes containing YM agar, and incubated at 30ºC for 72 hours. Out of 242 samples, only five had yellow to red color at high intensity. These highly pigmented yeasts were re-isolated in Petri dishes with YM agar and then transferred to tubes with GPYM agar. Identification through morphological and reproduction characteristics, along with physiological and biochemical tests, classified four strains as R. mucilaginosa and one strain as R. graminis. The main carotenoids extracted from them were identified through HPLC analysis as beta-carotene and torulene. The strains showed potential as promising microorganisms for the commercial production of carotenoids.Este trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar e identificar leveduras encontradas no Brasil capazes de produzir carotenóides. As leveduras pigmentadas foram isoladas de amostras de solos, folhas, frutos, flores e um alimento processado. As amostras foram colocadas em frascos de erlenmeyer, contendo meio de Extrato de Malte e Levedura (YM, e incubadas a 30ºC. Após 48 horas, as amostras foram inoculadas em placas de petri contendo meio YM ágar e incubadas a 30ºC por 120 horas. As colônias, que apresentaram coloração entre amarelo e vermelho, foram transferidas para os tubos de culturas, contendo meio YM ágar e incubadas a 30ºC por 72 horas. Das 242 amostras, somente cinco delas apresentaram coloração intensa entre amarelo e vermelho. Estas colônias de leveduras foram reisoladas, em placas de petri contendo YM

  7. Formulation and evaluation of xanthan gum based aceclofenac tablets for colon targeted drug delivery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thiruganesh Ramasamy

    2011-06-01

    ármaco além de outras propriedades físicas. Os perfis de liberação do aceclofenaco no fluido gástrico simulado e fluido colônico simulado contendo enzimas foram investigados. Os resultados revelaram que o sistema revestido com Eudragit® exibiu resistência gástrica e intestinal à liberação de aceclofenaco. O rápido aumento na liberação de aceclofenaco no fluido colônico simulado foi atribuido à degradação da goma xantana por enzimas bacterianas. O sistema apresenta aplicação potencial no desenvolvimento de produtos para a liberação cólon-alvo de aceclofenaco.

  8. Estudo da soldagem de tubos de aço inoxidável duplex e superduplex na posição 5G Study of the welding of duplex and superduplex stainless steel pipes in the 5G position

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pedro Ivo Guimarães de Vasconcellos

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available Os aços inoxidáveis duplex e superduplex possuem uma microestrutura austeno-ferrítica com fração média de cada fase de cerca 50%. A microestrutura duplex é responsável pelas excelentes propriedades mecânicas, especialmente o limite de escoamento e a tenacidade, e pela elevada resistência a corrosão por pites e sob tensão em meios contendo cloretos. A soldagem destes aços é frequentemente uma operação crítica. Neste trabalho, um tubo de superduplex SAF 2207 foi soldado pelo processo TIG (GTAW no passe de raiz e eletrodo revestido (SMAW nos passes de enchimento, e um tubo de duplex SAF 2205 foi todo soldado pelo processo GTAW. A microestrutura do metal base, zona afetada termicamente (ZTA e metal de solda foi caracterizada e quantificada. As propriedades de tenacidade, resistência a corrosão e composição química foram avaliadas e correlacionadas. Os valores de tenacidade ao impacto Charpy-V foram considerados adequados. Não foi observada a precipitação de intermetálicos, carbonetos e nitretos. O melhor resultado no teste de corrosão da junta soldada de aço inox superduplex, comparado ao duplex, foi atribuído ao baixo teor de ferrita delta na solda e ZTA, e composição química da solda enriquecida em Cr, Mo, W e N.The duplex and superduplex stainless steels have an austenitic-ferritic microstructure with an average fraction of each phase of approximately 50%. This duplex microstructure is responsible for the excellent mechanical properties, specially the yield strength and toughness, and for the improved pitting and stress corrosion cracking resistance in chloride environments. Welding of these steels is often a critical operation. In this work, a superduplex stainless steel SAF 2507 pipe was welded by the GTAW process in the root pass and by SMAW process on filler passes, and one pipe of duplex SAF 2205 was entirely welded by the GTAW process. The microstructure of the base metal, heat affected zone (HAZ and weld

  9. Efeito do vapor d'água na síntese pelo método do precursor polimérico da alumina contendo aditivos Effect of water vapor on the synthesis by the polymeric precursor method of alumina doped powders

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. H. R. Castro

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available A presença de H2O nos processos de síntese e transformação de fase da alumina tem usualmente função catalisadora, diminuindo as temperaturas dos processos e facilitando os possíveis rearranjos atômicos. Neste trabalho mostrou-se que o vapor de H2O durante a síntese pode não apenas acelerar os processos diminuindo as energias de ativação, mas também induzir diferentes formas de ação de aditivos. O estudo foi possível utilizando-se o método dos precursores poliméricos para a síntese dos pós, que permite um controle absoluto do teor de H2O na etapa de cristalização do material. Alumina contendo Mn ou Mg como aditivos foram sintetizadas na ausência de H2O e na presença de excesso controlado desta e fases diferentes para cada situação foram observadas. Uma explicação do fenômeno é descrita em função da dependência da cristalização da gama-Al2O3 na presença de H+ para compensação das vacâncias catiônicas.It is commonly accepted that the presence of H2O during the synthesis and phase transformation of alumina causes decreasing temperatures of these processes since it increases the atomic motilities. In addition to this general concept, in this work H2O vapor is also shown to play an important role on the influence of additives in alumina based systems. Alumina powders containing Mn or Mg were synthesized by the polymeric precursor method under H2O vapor or dry atmosphere during the crystallization stage. Each atmosphere promoted a different phase and an explanation for the phenomenon was given bases on the gamma-Al2O3 crystallization dependence on the H+ presence due to the required cationic vacancies compensations.

  10. Efeito inseticida sistêmico de nanoformulações à base de nim sobre Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae biótipo B em tomateiro

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    Sheila Salles de Carvalho

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo avaliou a ação inseticida sistêmica e o efeito residual de nanoformulações à base de derivados de nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Meliaceae sobre ninfas de Bemisia tabaci biótipo B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae, espécie-praga de diversas culturas de importância econômica. Suspensões coloidais contendo nanocápsulas carregadas com produtos derivados de A. indica foram preparadas utilizando polímeros biodegradáveis como poli-ε-caprolactona (PCL e poli-β-hidroxibutirato (PHB. A matriz encapsulada era composta por uma formulação comercial contendo uma quantidade enriquecida e conhecida dos limonoides azadiractina e 3-tigloilazadiractol (Azamax® 1,2 CE. Inicialmente foi estimada a CL50, para ninfas de B. tabaci, de soluções contendo óleo de nim, que foram aplicadas via água de irrigação (solo em tomateiro. Posteriormente, dois lotes de nanoformulações, com variação no tipo e quantidade dos polímeros e na quantidade do óleo comercial, foram testados quanto à ação sistêmica. As nanoformulações NC L5-2 (com nanocápsulas de PCL e NC L6-1 (com nanocápsulas de PHB, as mais eficazes entre as testadas, foram avaliadas quanto ao efeito residual. A CL50 estimada foi de 180,67 mg L–1 de azadiractina. Constatou-se também que a ação sistêmica de óleos e nanoformulações contendo compostos de nim dependem das condições ambientais em que são aplicados. O Azamax® não apresenta efeito deterrente sobre a oviposição, nem age sobre o desenvolvimento embrionário da mosca-branca quando aplicado via água de irrigação no solo no momento da infestação. As nanoformulações selecionadas são bioativas mesmo cerca de 30 dias após a aplicação, não diferindo do produto comercial.

  11. SINERGISMO FARMACODINÁMICO. A PROPÓSITO DE UN CASO INTERVENIDO QUIRÚRGICAMENTE DE URGENCIA BAJO ANESTESIA GENERAL.

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    Yesid Pallares Villarreal

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Presentamos una paciente femenina geriatrica con antecedentes de hipertensiòn arterial y trastornos psiquiatricos intervenida quirurgicamente de urgencia por un cuadro doloroso abdominal, con una interaccion farmacodinamica por sinergismo del doxepin y captopril potenciada por los efectos de la anestesia general. La hipotensiòn arterial fue la forma clínica de presentación. La paciente se recibió hipotensa por la administración preoperatoria de doxepin tratamiento de base y de captopril tratamiento impuesto por crisis hipertensiva antes de su llegada al hospital. Después de la inducción de la anestesia general desarrolla hipotensión arterial que sólo responde a la administración de noradrenalina. En un inicio se interpreta como un shock séptico en fase hipodinámica por el cuadro doloroso abdominal y la vasoplejia pero descartadas otras causas se concluye como hipotensión arterial de origen farmacológico con relación a la ingestión de antidepresivos triciclicos e inhibidores de la enzima convertora de angiotensina I en angiotensina II por su acción sobre el sistema nervioso simpático por potenciada por los agentes anestésicos. La paciente fue dada de alta del hospital satisfactoriamente a los 7 dias de operada.

  12. 3D printing of tablets containing multiple drugs with defined release profiles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Khaled, Shaban A; Burley, Jonathan C; Alexander, Morgan R; Yang, Jing; Roberts, Clive J

    2015-10-30

    We have employed three-dimensional (3D) extrusion-based printing as a medicine manufacturing technique for the production of multi-active tablets with well-defined and separate controlled release profiles for three different drugs. This 'polypill' made by a 3D additive manufacture technique demonstrates that complex medication regimes can be combined in a single tablet and that it is viable to formulate and 'dial up' this single tablet for the particular needs of an individual. The tablets used to illustrate this concept incorporate an osmotic pump with the drug captopril and sustained release compartments with the drugs nifedipine and glipizide. This combination of medicines could potentially be used to treat diabetics suffering from hypertension. The room temperature extrusion process used to print the formulations used excipients commonly employed in the pharmaceutical industry. Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) were used to assess drug-excipient interaction. The printed formulations were evaluated for drug release using USP dissolution testing. We found that the captopril portion showed the intended zero order drug release of an osmotic pump and noted that the nifedipine and glipizide portions showed either first order release or Korsmeyer-Peppas release kinetics dependent upon the active/excipient ratio used. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

  13. Metabolism of enkephalin in stomach wall of rats

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bunnett, N.W.; Walsh, J.H.; Debas, H.T. (Univ. of California, San Francisco (USA))

    1990-01-01

    Peptidases degrade neuropeptides and thereby limit the duration and extent of their influence. This investigation examined the importance of peptidases in the degradation of the neuropeptide enkephalin in the stomach wall of the rat. Metabolism of (Leu5)- and (D-Ala2)(Leu5)enkephalin by gastric membranes was examined in vitro. Degradation of (Tyr1-3H)(Leu5)enkephalin was studied in the gastric submucosa of anesthetized and conscious rats in vivo by using a catheter to deliver peptide to tissues and implanted dialysis fibers to collect the metabolites. Specific inhibitors were used to assess the contribution of particular enzymes. (Leu5)- and (Tyr1-3H)(Leu5)enkephalin were metabolized by membranes and in the stomach wall by hydrolysis of the Tyr1-Gly2 bond. Degradation was inhibited by the aminopeptidase inhibitor amastatin (10(-5) M in vitro, 10 nmol in vivo). Inhibitors of endopeptidase-24.11 (phosphoramidon) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (captopril) did not inhibit degradation. Metabolism of the aminopeptidase-resistant analogue (D-Ala2)(Leu5)enkephalin by membranes was unaffected by amastatin and weakly inhibited by phosphoramidon affected by amastatin and weakly inhibited by phosphoramidon and captopril. A carboxypeptidase removed the COOH-terminal leucine residue and made a substantial contribution to degradation of both peptides by gastric membranes.

  14. La cosa juzgada como derecho fundamental: elementos para una crítica a la doctrina de la expansión de la fundamentalidad de los derechos

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    Priscila Machado Martins

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo tiene por objeto entregar algunos criterios para la elaboración de una crítica a la extensión de fundamentalidad al instituto de la cosa juzgada. Para ello, lo cual se ha optado por revisar la visión que defiende la naturaleza constitucional del instituto, que corresponde a aquella que entiende que la cosa juzgada es garantía de la seguridad jurídica, y por esto integraría la categoría de los derechos fundamentales. En un segundo momento, se analiza la relación entre cosa juzgada y jurisdicción, para entonces establecer si el instituto de la cosa juzgada es revestido de fundamentabilidad. De este modo, el presente trabajo busca presentar la crítica actual de que la inflación de derechos fundamentales termina por debilitar su fuerza de exigencia

  15. Monitorização de transplante cardíaco usando análises do eletrograma intracavitário

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    BROFMAN Paulo Roberto S.

    1997-01-01

    Full Text Available Uma série de registros do eletrograma intracavitário tem sido utilizada para monitorização não invasiva da rejeição em pacientes transplantados usando um marcapasso de dupla câmara e eletrodos endocavitários revestidos com estrutura fractal. Os sinais têm sido avaliados usando o sistema CHARM (Computerized Heart Acute Rejection Monitoring _ sistema computadorizado para monitorização da rejeição cardíaca aguda. Os relatórios obtidos com este sistema contêm curvas com parâmetros sensíveis à rejeição, que demonstram uma boa correlação com a clínica e os resultados das biópsias convencionais. A monitorização a longo prazo, usando estas análises, mostrou ser uma ferramenta valiosa no acompanhamento destes pacientes.

  16. Efeito da fitase e xilanase sobre o desempenho e as características ósseas de frangos de corte alimentados com dietas contendo farelo de arroz Effect of phytase and xilanase on the performance and bone characteristics of broiler chicks fed diets with rice bran

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ademir José Conte

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de verificar o efeito do uso da fitase e xilanase no desempenho e na deposição óssea de minerais em frangos de corte alimentados com dietas contendo 15% de farelo de arroz, baixo fósforo disponível e sem suplementação de ferro, cobre, zinco e manganês. A fitase utilizada foi da marca comercial Natuphos 5000 e a xilanase, da marca Avizyme 1300. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4x2+1. A dieta controle foi composta por níveis adequados de nutrientes, sem farelo de arroz e sem enzimas. As dietas dos demais tratamentos foram formuladas com 15% de farelo de arroz, contendo baixo fósforo disponível (40% do recomendado e sem suplementação inorgânica de Fe, Cu, Zn e Mn, com quatro níveis de fitase (0, 400, 800 e 1.200 FTU/kg, com ou sem xilanase (1 kg/t. As variáveis estudadas aos 21 e 42 dias de idade foram desempenho e cinzas, P, Zn, Fe, Mn e Cu na tíbia. O peso vivo e consumo de ração aumentaram de maneira significativa com a adição de fitase, enquanto que a conversão alimentar não foi afetada, tanto aos 21 como aos 42 dias. O melhor nível de fitase foi de 1.105 e 1.023 FTU/kg para melhor desempenho, aos 21 e 42 dias de idade, respectivamente. A xilanase não afetou significativamente o peso vivo e o consumo de ração, porém melhorou significativamente a conversão alimentar nas duas idades avaliadas, em função de menor consumo de ração nas aves que receberam xilanase. Os níveis de fitase promoveram aumento linear nos teores de cinzas e fósforo da tíbia e não afetaram a deposição de Zn, Fe, Mn e Cu, nas duas idades estudadas. A xilanase não afetou os parâmetros avaliados na tíbia.The present work was designed to verify the effect of the use of phytase and xylanase upon the performance and bone deposition of minerals in broiler diets containing 15% of rice bran, low available phosphorus and without supplementation of iron

  17. Efeito dos níveis de proteína e de metionina da dieta sobre o desempenho de galinhas poedeiras após a muda forçada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cássio Xavier de Mendonça Jr.

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available O presente experimento foi conduzido no sentido de estudar o efeito de dois níveis de proteína (16,5% e 14,5% e de 5 teores suplementares de metionina (0%, 0,025%, 0,050%, 0,075% e 0,100% sobre o desempenho de galinhas poedeiras submetidas a muda induzida com óxido de zinco. Duzentas e quarenta galinhas de linhagem comercial com 67 semanas de idade foram alimentadas por 6 semanas com 10 dietas experimentais para avaliação do desempenho. Ao final do experimento, o consumo e a conversão alimentar foram significativamente melhores para as aves que receberam dietas contendo 16,5% de proteína. Estas mesmas aves retornaram mais precocemente à produção de ovos que aquelas alimentadas com dietas contendo 14,5% de proteína. Rações contendo 16,5% de proteína proporcionaram aumento significativo nos índices de postura das aves até a 5ª semana experimental, sem contudo afetar o peso do ovo. A suplementação de metionina à ração aumentou de forma significativa o peso dos ovos, porém não teve influência estatística na taxa de postura. Aves que consumiram ao redor de 300 mg de metionina por dia (0,050% a 0,075% de metionina na ração produziram ovos significativamente mais pesados, porém apresentaram baixa qualidade de casca (gravidade específica, espessura e peso da casca.

  18. Superovulação em coelhas alimentadas com ração, contendo diferentes fontes de óleos vegetais = Super-ovulation in rabbit does fed on rations containing different sources of vegetable oil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcia Aparecida Andreazzi

    2006-07-01

    Full Text Available Avaliou-se a resposta ovulatória de 40 coelhas, distribuídas em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos (ração sem adição de óleo e rações contendo 3% de óleo de canola, óleo de milho ou óleo de soja e 10 repetições. Aplicou-se uma dose única de 40 UI de gonadotrofina coriônica eqüina (eCG e, 48 horas após, as coelhas foram cobertas. Decorridas 72 horas das coberturas, as coelhas foram sacrificadas e coletaram-se 10 mL de sangue para análise dos níveis séricos de progesterona e 17β-estradiol. Também foi obtido o peso do útero com os ovários e contado o número de folículos e de corpos lúteos. Para a colheita dos embriões, realizaram-se 3 lavagens por corno uterino, com o meio Dulbecco modificado (PBS. O efluente foi colhido e as estruturasembrionárias avaliadas. Não foram observadas diferenças (P>0,05 quanto aos níveis séricos de progesterona e 17β-estradiol, peso do útero com os ovários, número de folículos e de corpos lúteos nos ovários direito e esquerdo e n��mero de estruturas viáveis e degeneradas. Porém, houve efeito (PEffects of super-ovulation on 40 rabbit does were evaluated. Females were distributed in a completely randomized design, with four treatments (oil-free ration and rations with 3% canola oil, corn oil or soybean oil and 10 replications. Each doe received a unique intramuscular dose of 40 UI of equine corionic gonadotrophin (eCG; 48hours later they underwent breeding. After 72 hours of breeding, the does were slaughtered and 10mL blood samples were collected for progesterone and 17β-estradiol serum level analyses. Other parameters, such as weight of uterus with ovaries, number of follicles and of corpora lutea, were obtained. Embryos were recovered by three flushings, per uterine corn, with Dulbecco extender (PBS. The recovered effluent was analyzed to find out structures and classify them according to morphology and age. No differences

  19. Comportamento ingestivo de cordeiros alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes níveis de fibra em detergente neutro Ingestive behavior of lambs fed with a diet of different levels of fiber in neutrol detergent

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adriano Ramos Cardoso

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available Avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes níveis de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN, na dieta sobre o comportamento ingestivo de cordeiros Ile de France x Texel. Foram utilizados 20 cordeiros distribuídos em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em um total de quatro tratamentos com cinco repetições, e alimentados à vontade com dietas que continham 25%, 31%, 37% e 43% de FDN. Foi utilizada uma ração em mistura completa de silagem de sorgo (AG 2005E e mistura concentrada constituída por farelo de soja, grão de milho quebrado e mistura mineral. As dietas eram isoprotéicas contendo 17% de PB. As dietas foram fornecidas duas vezes ao dia, às 8:00 e às 16:00 horas. O comportamento ingestivo foi determinado mediante observação visual, ocorrido durante 24 horas, a intervalos de 5 minutos, para se determinar o tempo despendido em alimentação, ruminação e ócio. O aumento do teor de fibra na ração não influenciou significativamente (P>0,05 os tempos despendidos em alimentação, ruminação, ócio e tempo de mastigação total. Houve efeito linear crescente sobre as variáveis eficiência de alimentação e de ruminação de FDN (P>0,05. Os ovinos confinados possuem hábito de alimentação predominantemente diurno e de ruminação noturno.The effect of different neutral detergent fiber (NDF levels in the diet on the Ile de France x Texel lambs ingestive behavior was evaluated. Twenty lambs distributed in a fully randomized experimental design were used, in a total of four treatments and five repetitions, fed ad libitum with 25%, 31%, 37% and 43% NDF diets. A ration in a complete mixing in sorghum silage (AG 2005 E and concentrate mixing of soybean meal, fragmented corn grains and mineral mixing was used. The diets were isoproteic (17% crude protein and were given twice a day, at 8 AM and 4 PM. The ingestive behavior was determined by observation, during 24 hours with 5 minutes intervals, to determine the time spent in

  20. A practical method for screening for beta-galactosidase secreting microbial colonies Método prático de triagem de colônias de microrganismos secretoras de beta-galactosidase

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eriana S. Barreto

    2000-03-01

    Full Text Available Microbial colonies were replicated on YNB® agar plates overlaid with soft agar containing the glucose-oxidase/peroxidase (BIOTROL® system. The pink color developed around the colonies was the result of the reaction of the glucose generated by the extracellular hydrolysis of lactose by beta-galactosidase, indicating secretion of this enzyme. This method proved to be very convenient for testing hundreds of colonies grown on agar plates for beta-galactosidase secretion by microbial cells.Colônias microbianas foram replicadas na superfície de ágar YNB® contendo lactose, recoberta com uma camada de ágar semi-sólido contendo o sistema glicose-oxidase/peroxidase (BIOTROL®. Coloração rosa foi desenvolvida ao redor das colônias como resultado da reação de glicose gerada pela hidrólise extracelular de lactose pela beta-galactosidase, indicando secreção da enzima pelo microrganismo.

  1. Media components and amino acid supplements influencing the production of fruity aroma by Geotrichum candidum Influência da composição do meio de cultivo e da suplementação com aminoácidos na produção de aroma frutal por Geotrichum candidum

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    T. Pinotti

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available The ability of Geotrichum candidum to produce fruity aroma in food grade sucrose, molasses, corn steep liquor and peptone based culture media was tested by sensory evaluation and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. A strong and sweet fruity aroma was produced from molasses, with peptone or corn steep liquor stimulating aroma production. Molasses with peptone supplemented with leucine, valine, or alanine yielded better fruity aroma production and the presence of many esters was consistent with the fruity aroma production.Geotrichum candidum foi cultivado em diversos meios de cultura contendo sacarose ou melaço e milhocina ou peptona e a produção de aroma frutal foi verificada através de avaliação sensorial e cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas. Os meios contendo melaço, peptona e leucina, valina ou alanina apresentaram os melhores resultados e a presença de diversos ésteres foi consistente com a formação de aroma frutal.

  2. Lipofuscinose ceróide neuronal: relato de quatro casos com estudo por histoquímica retal, microscopia eletrônica de conjuntiva e necrópsia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Fernando Bleggi Torres

    1994-03-01

    Full Text Available Os autores relatam os achados neuropatológicos e clínicos de quatro casos de lipofuscinose ceróide ou doença de Batten. Dois casos foram estudados por necrópsia: o encéfalo mostrou atrofia e neurônios contendo pigmento citoplasmático com características tintoriais de lipofuscina. Um caso foi diagnosticado por estudo histoquímico de biópsia retal, em material congelado em nitrogênio líquido demonstrando-se células ganglionares mioentéricas contendo acúmulo citoplasmático de material granular fosfatase ácida positivo, bem como em grande número de macrófagos do córion. O quarto caso foi diagnosticado por microscopia eletrônica de biópsia de conjuntiva, com identificação de inclusões curvelíneas membranáceas e tipo impressão digital.

  3. Caso clínico de la Unidad de Medicina Interna Hipertensión arterial de origen renovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Análida E. Pinilla Roa

    1993-10-01

    Full Text Available Hombre de 28 años, natural y procedente de Bogotá, consulto por cefalea progresiva fronta-occipital de treinta horas de evolución, acompañada de vomito en dos oportunidades y de trastorno de la conciencia, con relajación del esfínter vesical. La esposa informo episodio similar un mes ames, cuando fue hospitalizado, encontrándose HTA y hemorragia subaracnoidea. Salió contratamiento triconjugado (captopril, nifedipina, propanolol, el cual suspendió ocho días antes del ingreso.

  4. A prevenção da hipertensão arterial determina a redução da lesão renal no diabetes experimental

    OpenAIRE

    Maria Valeria Pavan

    2002-01-01

    Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da prevenção da hipertensão arterial com drogas que bloqueiam o sistema renina-angiotensina ou terapia convencional na nefropatia diabética de um modelo de hipertensão genética e diabetes mellitus. Ratos espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR), com 4 semanas de idade, com diabetes induzido por estreptozotocina, foram randomizados para não receberem tratamento anti-hipertensivo, ou serem tratados com captopril, ou losartan, ou terapia tríplice (hi...

  5. Evaluation of Cedrela gum as a binder and bioadhesive component in ibuprofen tablet formulations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michael Ayodele Odeniyi

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available The compressional, mechanical and bioadhesive properties of tablet formulations incorporating a new gum obtained from the incised trunk of the Cedrela odorata tree were evaluated and compared with those containing hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC. Compressional properties were evaluated using Hausner's ratio, Carr's Index, the angle of repose, and Heckel, Kawakita and Gurnham plots. Ibuprofen tablets were prepared using the wet granulation method. Bioadhesive studies were carried out using the rotating cylinder method in either phosphate buffer pH 6.8 or 0.1 M hydrochloric acid media. The gum is a low viscosity polymer (48 cPs, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of a hydroxyl group. Py and Pk values, which are measures of plasticity, showed the gum to be significantly (pPropriedades de compressão, mecânicas e de formulações de comprimidos bioadesivos, que incorporam nova goma de mascar obtidas a partir de incisão de tronco da árvore de Cedrela odorata, foram avaliadas e comparadas com aquelas contendo hidroxipropilmetilcelulose (HPMC. Propriedades de compressão foram avaliadas usando a razão de Hausner, índice de Carr, ângulo de repouso e os gráficos de Heckel, Kawakita e Gurnham. Prepararam-se comprimidos de ibuprofeno utilizando o método de granulação a úmido. Realizaram-se estudos de bioadesividade utilizando o método de cilindro rotativo em tampão fosfato pH 6,8, ou meio ácido com 0,1 M de ácido clorídrico. A goma é um polímero de baixa viscosidade (48 cPs e a espectroscopia no infravermelho por Transformada de Fourier (FTIR revelou a presença de um grupo hidroxila. Valores de Py e Pk, que são medidas de plasticidade, mostraram que a goma é significativamente (p <0,05 mais plástica do que HPMC e que a plasticidade aumenta com a concentração de polímero. Todas as formulações de comprimidos mostraram-se não-friáveis (<1,0% e aquelas contendo a goma apresentaram maior resist

  6. Translocation of Klebsiella sp. in mice fed an enteral diet containing prebiotics Translocação de Klebsiella sp. em camundongos alimentados com dieta enteral contendo prebióticos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniele Ferreira da Silva

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to evaluate the effect of fructooligosaccharide and inulin added to an enteral diet on the translocation of Klebsiella sp. in mice. METHODS: Four- to six-week-old Swiss albino mice were divided into nine groups and fed enteral diets containing different combinations of fructooligosaccharide, inulin, antibiotic and corticoid, inoculated or not with Klebsiella pneumoniae. On day 5, the animals of four groups were fed an enteral diet contaminated with approximately 10(10CFU/g of K. pneumoniae. At defined times, two animals of each group were sacrificed and their organs (spleen, heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys were aseptically collected, weighed, and analyzed for the presence of typical Klebsiella sp. colonies. RESULTS: A higher number of CFU/g of Klebsiella was detected in the organs of the animals in the immune-suppressed group fed the diet contaminated with K. pneumoniae and without prebiotics. Animals fed the diet enriched with fructooligosaccharide and inulin, at a concentration of 15.3mg/g of body weight, had a shorter period of Klebsiella sp. translocation, compared with those not fed prebiotics in the diet. CONCLUSION: The addition of fructooligosacharide and inulin in enterais diets at a concentration of 15.3mg/g of body weight resulted in the reduction of translocation of Klebsiella for spleen, heart, liver, lung and kidneys of mice that had received the diet contaminated associated or not with antibiotic and imunodepressor drug.OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da administração de frutooligossacarídeo e inulina, adicionados à dieta enteral, na translocação de Klebsiella sp. em camundongos. MÉTODOS: Camundongos albinos suíços, com quatro a seis semanas de vida, foram divididos em nove grupos e tratados com dietas enterais contendo diferentes combinações de frutooligossacarídeos, inulina, antibiótico e corticóide, inoculadas ou não com Klebsiella pneumoniae. No quinto dia de experimento, os animais dos

  7. ACERO GALVANIZADO PRE-TRATADO CON PELÍCULAS HÍBRIDAS OBTENIDO POR RECUBRIMIENTO POR INMERSIÓN: INFLUENCIA DE LA VELOCIDAD DE RETIRADA DEL SUBSTRATO DEL SOL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Kunst

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available En el presente trabajo, el acero galvanizado fue revestido con una película de silano obtenido a partir de un sol constituido por los precursores silano 3-(trimetoxisililpropil metacrilato (Tmspma y Tetraetoxisilano (Teos con adición de nitrato de cerio [0,01 M]. Se emplearon diferentes velocidades de retirada del sol (10, 20 y 30 cm.min-1, la caracterización de las películas fue realizada por Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (MEB, perfilometría, ángulo de mojabilidad, potencial de circuito abierto, espectroscopia de impedancia electroquímica y polarización potenciodinámica. Los resultados muestran que la velocidad de retirada influye en el comportamiento electroquímico de las películas, las películas con mejor resistencia a la corrosión se obtiene con menores velocidades de retirada (10 y 20 cm.min-1.

  8. Metallurgical and mechanical properties of Inconel 600 and stellite; Estudio del comportamiento mecanico-metalurgico de alceacion inconel 600 y estelita

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cstillo, Martin; Villa, Gabriel; Vite, Manuel [Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Palacios, Francisco [Instituto Nacional de Investigacion Nuclear (ININ), Estado de Mexico (Mexico); Hernandez, Luis H; Urriolagoita, Guillermo [Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

    2005-01-15

    The present work studies the metallurgical and mechanical properties of two alloys, Inconel 600 and stellite, which are within the group of high hardness alloys or superalloys, which are deposited through the electrical weld process to the metallic arc with coated electrode (SMAW) and thereinafter analyzed through electron microscopy, diffractometry and abrasion, Impact and hardness test. The relationship between the microstructure and the final properties of the coating (hardness and abrasion wear resistance) was observed. [Spanish] Este trabajo presenta el estudio sobre las propiedades metalurgicas y mecanicas de dos aleaciones, inconel 600 y estelita, clasificadas dentro del grupo de aleaciones de alta dureza o superaleaciones; las cuales fueron depositadas mediante el proceso de soldadura electrica al arco metalico con electrodo revestido (SMAW) y fueron analizadas mediante microscopia electronica (SEM), difractometria pruebas de abrasion, impacto y dureza. Se observo la relacion entre la microstructura y las propiedades del recubrimiento, como son: dureza, resistencia a la abrasion, resistencia al impacto, ente otras.

  9. CONSTRUINDO UM MODELO CURRICULAR INTEGRADO PARA A EJA/FIC

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raimundo Nonato O. Furtado

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available Esse trabalho apresenta um modelo possível de desenvolvimento estrutural curricular integral, composto a partir da experiência dos autores, com o Projeto Mulheres Mil – Educação, Cidadania e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Sub-Projeto “Desenvolvimento Comunitário: Impacto na Qualidade de Vida e Ambiental”, firmado pela parceria SETEC/MEC e o Group Collegia, do Quebec, Canadá. O Projeto Mulheres Mil foi inicialmente desenhado para execução da Rede Norte-Nordeste dos ex-CEFETs, hoje Institutos Federais, com execução a partir de 2008, no Instituto Federal da Paraíba, Campus João Pessoa. Teve o objetivo de apoiar, na prática, um dos modelos de políticas de inclusão social, revestido, na forma inicial, pelo Reconhecimento da Aprendizagem Prévia, tendo como alvo pessoas fora da faixa etária da escolaridade regular, trabalhadoras e, sem exceção, mulheres.

  10. Microestructura de una unión disímil AISI 321 y una aleación A 351 grado HK-40 obtenida mediante soldadura manual por arco eléctrico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Reilis Fuentes-Guilarte

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo fue establecer el comportamiento microestructural de una unión disímil de acero inoxidable austenítico AISI 321 y de la aleación A 351 grado HK 40 obtenida por fundición mediante soldadura manual por arco eléctrico y electrodos revestidos del tipo E 309 L-16. La estructura ferrita–austeníta que se forma en la unión del acero con la aleación es resultado del elevado contenido de carbono de la segunda. La baja velocidad de enfriamiento del cordón de soldadura revela ausencia de discontinuidades en el retículo cristalino de la zona afectada térmicamente y atenúa la formación de carburos de cromo del tipo Cr23C6, que puede formar la aleación A 351 grado HK 40 durante la difusión del volumen de fracción en masa del cromo.

  11. Estudo da atividade inibitória enzimática da quercetina sobre a resposta vasodepressora induzida pela bradicinina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luciane Pereira Nascimento Häckl

    Full Text Available Em estudos recentes tem sido sugerido que os flavonóides, compostos de origem vegetal sendo encontrados em vários produtos alimentares, possuem uma ação inibitória de vários sistemas enzimáticos. A inibição da enzima conversora da angiotensina (ECA tem sido utilizada no tratamento da hipertensão. O mecanismo de ação dos inibidores da ECA implica na formação da Angiotensina II e na degradação da bradicinina. O propósito do presente estudo foi de analisar a ação da quercetina na atividade da ECA através da avaliação do efeito da angiotensina I (AI e da bradicinina (BK na pressão arterial de ratos anestesiados. Foram utilizados neste estudo ratos Wistar machos adultos. Estes animais foram anestesiados com uretana e foi introduzida na traquéia uma cânula de polietileno (PE 240 para facilitar a respiração. Também foi isolada e canulada (PE 50 a veia jugular para administração das substâncias em estudo. Para registro da pressão arterial foi introduzida na artéria carótida comum esquerda uma cânula de polietileno (PE 50 acoplada a um transdutor de pressão. A administração de BK (10 nmol/kg, i.v. induziu um efeito hipotensor, enquanto que a administração de AI (0,1 nmol/kg induziu uma resposta hipertensora. Pré-tratamento com captopril v.o. (100 nmol/kg 45 min antes e i.v. (10 nmol/kg 5 min antes aumentou significativamente a resposta à BK; embora captopril reduziu, também significativamente, o efeito da AI. O tratamento com quercetina via oral (30 mg/kg 45 min antes e via intravenosa (5 mg/kg 5 min antes aumentou significativamente o efeito da BK. O efeito da AI foi significativamente reduzido por ambos os tratamentos. Estes resultados sugerem que a quercetina potenciou o efeito hipotensor da bradicinina e reduziu o efeito hipertensor da angiotensina I através de ação inibitória sobre a enzima conversora da angiotensina, portanto apresentando um mecanismo de ação semelhante ao captopril.

  12. Estudo e modelagem da cinética de desidratação osmótica do mamão formosa (Carica papaya L.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    El-Aquar Ânoar Abbas

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo da cinética e modelagem do processo de desidratação osmótica de cubos de mamão Formosa (Carica papaya L., assim como da qualidade do produto final. O tratamento osmótico foi conduzido a 30ºC, com agitação de 110rpm, utilizando-se dois tipos de soluções de sacarose 70ºBrix: a primeira contendo lactato de sódio 2,4% p/p e ácido láctico 0,1M e a segunda com lactato de sódio 2,4% p/p e ácido cítrico 0,1M. O estudo da cinética de desidratação osmótica mostrou que a solução contendo ácido cítrico apresentou valor de perda de água (WL, ao final de 48 horas de processo, ligeiramente superior ao encontrado para a solução contendo ácido láctico. Comportamento contrário ocorreu para o ganho de sólidos (SG. O ajuste dos dados experimentais foi realizado através do modelo difusional para geometria cúbica, sem considerar encolhimento durante o processo e um modelo empírico de dois parâmetros. Os coeficientes de difusividade efetiva de água (Def variaram de 1,27 a 5,03 x 10-10 m²/s. A qualidade da fruta após processamento foi avaliada através de análises de vitamina C, carotenóides totais, acidez e pH.

  13. Enraizamento de estacas de Caesalpinia echinata Lam. em hidroponia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sérgio Valiengo Valeri

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050985731O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a necessidade e a concentração apropriada de ácido indolbutírico (AIB no enraizamento de estacas de Caesalpinia echinata em sistema de hidroponia, para a produção de mudas. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias da UNESP Jaboticabal, SP. O material vegetal foi constituído de 160 estacas caulinares de 11 a 12 cm de comprimento com dois pares de folhas obtidas de mudas jovens produzidas partindo de sementes. As bases das estacas foram tratadas pelo método de imersão lenta em solução de etanol a 5% durante 14 horas contendo 0, 100, 200 e 400 mg L-1 de AIB e via imersão rápida em solução de etanol a 50% durante 5 segundos contendo 0, 1000, 3000 e 5000 mg L-1 de AIB. As estacas permaneceram no sistema de hidroponia por 90 dias e 90 dias adicionais em sacos de polietileno contendo Plantmax® como substrato, sendo mantidas sob nebulização intermitente. Após 90 e 180 dias de enraizamento, foram avaliados a porcentagem de sobrevivência e de estacas enraizadas, o número e o comprimento de raízes adventícias. As estacas devem ser tratadas com ácido indolbutírico na concentração de 100 mg L-1 por 14 horas e colocadas para enraizar em sistema de hidroponia.

  14. Analysis of captopril in surface waters by differential pulse voltammetry method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Baranowska, I.; Markowski, P.; Wilk, K.

    2009-01-01

    One of the important problems concerning waters ecosystems is the presence of pharmaceuticals remains in different kinds of surface waters. These compounds cause huge changes in waters environment. They cause genetic changes in water organisms, are not also neutral for people in case of penetrating into drinking water. (Author)

  15. Influência da Polaridade Sobre a Estabilidade do Processo de Soldagem Subaquática Molhada com Eletrodo Revestido

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrés Mauricio Moreno Uribe

    Full Text Available Resumo Por sua grande versatilidade e baixo custo, SMAW é considerado o processo de maior uso na indústria naval e offshore. Porém, como resultado de ter o arco elétrico em contato direto com o meio aquoso, o emprego da técnica é exposto à pressão hidrostática agindo na coluna de arco e na poça de fusão, assim como também, à dinâmica de geração de bolhas e a decomposição da água. A combinação destes fatores influencia na estabilidade do processo, resultando em cordões de solda com grandes quantidades de defeitos. Neste ponto em particular, destaca-se que a definição de estabilidade em UWW encontra-se pouco compreendida, fato pelo qual existem diversas opiniões na indústria e na literatura, sem ter-se explicação do fenômeno. Assim, este estudo caracteriza a estabilidade em função de uma das características elétricas do arco: a polaridade. A configuração deste último fator define as características resultantes na junta; deste modo, os fenômenos de catodo e anodo que governam a geração de calor influenciam no formato do cordão ou na taxa de fusão do consumível. Nesta pesquisa, foram utilizados um eletrodo rutilico comercial e um consumível que apresenta resultados promissores em matéria de propriedades mecânicas e teor de Hidrogênio Difusível: WW70.

  16. Mitigation of radiation nephropathy after internal α-particle irradiation of kidneys

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jaggi, Jaspreet Singh; Seshan, Surya V.; McDevitt, Michael R.; Sgouros, George; Hyjek, Elizabeth; Scheinberg, David A.

    2006-01-01

    Purpose: Internal irradiation of kidneys as a consequence of radioimmunotherapy, radiation accidents, or nuclear terrorism can result in radiation nephropathy. We attempted to modify pharmacologically, the functional and morphologic changes in mouse kidneys after injection with the actinium ( 225 Ac) nanogenerator, an in vivo generator of α- and β-particle emitting elements. Methods and Materials: The animals were injected with 0.35 μCi of the 225 Ac nanogenerator, which delivers a dose of 27.6 Gy to the kidneys. Then, they were randomized to receive captopril (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor), L-158,809 (angiotensin II receptor-1 blocker), spironolactone (aldosterone receptor antagonist), or a placebo. Results: Forty weeks after the 225 Ac injection, the placebo-control mice showed a significant increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (87.6 ± 6.9 mg/dL), dilated Bowman spaces, and tubulolysis with basement membrane thickening. Captopril treatment accentuated the functional (BUN 119.0 ± 4.0 mg/dL; p <0.01 vs. placebo controls) and histopathologic damage. In contrast, L-158,809 offered moderate protection (BUN 66.6 ± 3.9 mg/dL; p = 0.02 vs. placebo controls). Spironolactone treatment, however, significantly prevented the development of histopathologic and functional changes (BUN 31.2 ± 2.5 mg/dL; p <0.001 vs. placebo controls). Conclusions: Low-dose spironolactone and, to a lesser extent, angiotensin receptor-1 blockade can offer renal protection in a mouse model of internal α-particle irradiation

  17. Seleção de eletrodos para caracterização elétrica de Y-BaCeO3 contendo ZnO como aditivo de sinterização Electrode selection for electrical characterization of Y-BaCeO3 with ZnO as sintering aid

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. M. Hosken

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho é abordada a escolha da pasta de eletrodo para realização da caracterização elétrica de amostras de BaCeO3 dopado com ítrio e contendo ZnO como aditivo de sinterização. A sinterização ocorreu via fase líquida. Foi utilizada uma pasta de eletrodo de platina e outra de prata cujas temperaturas de cura são 1100 °C e 750 °C, respectivamente. A análise das interfaces amostra-eletrodo por microscopia eletrônica de varredura revelou que durante a cura da pasta de platina, devida a elevada temperatura, ocorreu exsudação de fase que permaneceu entre a superfície original da amostra e o eletrodo. Por conseqüência, durante a caracterização elétrica por espectroscopia de impedância foi detectada polarização adicional na interface amostra-eletrodo comprometendo a veracidade dos valores de resistividade elétrica do material em análise o que não ocorreu com o uso do eletrodo de prata devida sua menor temperatura de cura.This work deals with the choice of electrodes for realizing the electrical characterization of Yttrium doped-BaCeO3 sample which contains ZnO as sintering aid. The sintering occurred through liquid phase. It were used platinum and silver pastes which curing temperatures are 1100 °C and 750 °C, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy characterization of sample-electrode interfaces showed that during the curing of the platinum paste, due to the high temperature, occurred phase exudation which remained between the primary sample surface and electrode. Consequently, electrical characterization by impedance spectroscopy detected additional polarization at interface sample-electrode becoming non-veracious the electrical resistivity values of the material under analysis. No additional polarization was detected for silver electrodes due to the lowest curing temperature.

  18. Comparação de procedimentos de quantificação de nitrato em tecido vegetal Comparison of procedures for nitrate determination in vegetable tissue

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Ricardo Mantovani

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available O teor de nitrato é um importante índice da qualidade dos alimentos, mas existem problemas na sua quantificação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar procedimentos de quantificação de nitrato em tecido vegetal. Em amostras de matéria seca da parte aérea de três cultivares de alface adubadas com cinco doses de nitrogênio, provenientes de experimento realizado em casa de vegetação, foi feita extração de nitrato com água desionizada e quantificação, utilizando os procedimentos da coluna redutora contendo cádmio, da destilação, do ácido salicílico e da mistura redutora contendo zinco. Os procedimentos do ácido salicílico e da mistura redutora contendo zinco superestimam os teores de nitrato na matéria seca de alface, pois são mais sujeitos à presença de interferentes e ao efeito da cor do extrato. Os procedimentos da coluna redutora contendo cádmio e o da destilação são os mais adequados na quantificação de nitrato em tecido vegetal. Contudo, a simplicidade e o menor custo da destilação em relação à coluna redutora indicam que a destilação deve ser recomendada.Nitrate content determination is important for food quality evaluation, but its determination is affected by interferences. The objective of this work was to compare nitrate determination procedures for vegetable tissues. In dry matter samples from three lettuce cultivars that received five levels of nitrogen in a greenhouse experiment, nitrate was extracted with deionized water and its determination was made by the cadmium column method, the distillation method, the salicylic acid method, and the method using the reductive mixture with zinc. The salicylic acid method and that of reductive mixture with zinc overestimated the nitrate content in lettuce dry matter, because they were influenced by the color of dry matter extracts and other interferences. The cadmium column and the distillation methods are the best for nitrate determination in vegetable

  19. Relation between renal dysfunction and cardiovascular outcomes after myocardial infarction

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Anavekar, Nagesh S; McMurray, John J V; Velazquez, Eric J

    2004-01-01

    BACKGROUND: The presence of coexisting conditions has a substantial effect on the outcome of acute myocardial infarction. Renal failure is associated with one of the highest risks, but the influence of milder degrees of renal impairment is less well defined. METHODS: As part of the Valsartan...... captopril, valsartan, or both. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated by means of the four-component Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation, and the patients were grouped according to their estimated GFR. We used a 70-candidate variable model to adjust and compare overall mortality...

  20. Role of the renin-angiotensin system in regulation and autoregulation of renal blood flow

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sørensen, Charlotte Mehlin; Leyssac, Paul Peter; Skøtt, Ole

    2000-01-01

    The role for ANG II in renal blood flow (RBF) autoregulation is unsettled. The present study was designed to test the effect of clamping plasma ANG II concentrations ([ANG II]) by simultaneous infusion of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril and ANG II on RBF autoregulation...... in halothane-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Autoregulation was defined as the RBF response to acute changes in renal perfusion pressure (RPP). Regulation was defined as changes in RBF during long-lasting changes in RPP. The results showed that a prolonged reduction of RPP reset the lower limit...

  1. Vliv chronického podávání captoprilu na vasokonstrikci vyvolanou noradrenalinem (NA) u SHR a WKY : In vivo studie

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Pintérová, Mária; Kuneš, Jaroslav; Dobešová, Zdenka; Zicha, Josef

    2008-01-01

    Roč. 50, č. 9 (2008), K168-K168 ISSN 0010-8650. [Konference ČSH /25./, Konference prac. skupiny preventivní kardiologie ČKS /17./, Konference prac. skupiny srdeční selhání ČKS /13./. 02.10.2008-04.10.2008, Český Krumlov] R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) 1M0510; GA ČR(CZ) GA305/08/0139 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50110509 Keywords : cpo1 * captopril * norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction * SHR and WKY rat Subject RIV: FA - Cardiovascular Diseases incl. Cardiotharic Surgery

  2. Recent advances and future projections in clinical radionuclide imaging

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Peters, A.M.

    1990-01-01

    This outline review of recent advances in radionuclide imaging draws attention to developments in nuclear medicine of the urinary tract such as Captopril renography and the introduction of MAG-3, the technetium-99m labelled mimic of hippuran, the use of radionuclides for infection diagnosis, advances in lung perfusion scanning, new radiopharmaceuticals for cardiac imaging, and developments in radiopharmaceuticals for imaging tumours, including gallium-67, thallium-201, and the development of radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies. Attention is drawn to the wider use of nuclear medicine in child care. (author)

  3. Influência do complexo flúor-xilitol no controle da placa dentária e do sangramento gengival em pacientes herbiátricos com aparelho ortodôntico fixo Influence of fluorine-xylitol complex in the dental plaque and gingival bleeding control in herbiatric patients with fixed orthodontic brace

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fabíola Elias

    2006-10-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: avaliar os efeitos de um dentifrício contendo flúor/xilitol na redução da adesão da placa à estrutura dentária, bem como no índice de sangramento gengival, em portadores de aparelho ortodôntico fixo. METODOLOGIA: foram avaliados 22 jovens, com idade entre 14 e 17 anos. Após a quantificação inicial dos índices, os jovens receberam instruções de escovação e começaram a utilizar somente os dentifrícios da pesquisa. Houve uma divisão aleatória da amostra em dois grupos (A e B. Na primeira semana todos utilizaram um dentifrício padrão e a partir da segunda semana os jovens do grupo A receberam um dentifrício contendo flúor, enquanto os do grupo B receberam um dentifrício contendo o complexo flúor-xilitol, que utilizaram durante vinte e oito dias, quando foram novamente avaliados (T1. Para a segunda fase (T2 houve inversão dos dentifrícios. RESULTADOS: foram comparados os resultados intra-grupo e nos dois grupos houve redução estatisticamente significante entre as fases inicial e T1, inicial e T2 e entre T1 e T2. Já na comparação entre os grupos não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre eles, embora o dentifrício contendo flúor/xilitol tenha proporcionado uma porcentagem de redução do índice de sangramento gengival maior que o dentifrício contendo apenas o fluoreto de sódio, principalmente entre as fases inicial e T2, onde a redução no grupo A foi de 90,13% e no grupo B foi de 78,84%. CONCLUSÃO: a utilização de dentifrícios contendo flúor e xilitol, associada à instrução e motivação, parece ser um recurso bastante promissor para a manutenção da saúde bucal nos pacientes ortodônticos.AIM: to evaluate the effects of a dentifrice containing fluorine/xylitol in the reduction of the adhesion of the plaque to the dental structure, as well as in the gingival bleeding index in patients who had orthodontic braces. METHODS: 22 teenagers, in between 14 and 17 years old were

  4. Desempenho bioeconômico de suínos em crescimento e terminação alimentados com rações contendo farelo de coco Bioeconomic performance of growing - finishing pigs fed diet with coconut meal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Evânio da Costa Siebra

    2008-11-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de suínos em crescimento e terminação alimentados com rações contendo farelo de coco. Foram utilizados 20 suínos machos castrados mestiços Landrace × Large White com 19,7 ± 2,9 kg de peso vivo inicial e 89,2 ± 5,8 kg de peso vivo final distribuídos em delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro tratamentos (0, 10, 20 ou 30% de farelo de coco e cinco repetições. Avaliaram-se o desempenho, o ganho de peso médio diário, o consumo de ração médio diário e a conversão alimentar nas fases de crescimento (65 a 107 dias de idade e crescimento-terminação (65 a 149 dias de idade. Os parâmetros econômicos avaliados foram a receita bruta média, o custo médio da alimentação, a margem bruta média e a rentabilidade média. Os melhores resultados de ganho de peso médio diário e receita bruta média na fase de crescimento foram obtidos com o nível de 22,5% de farelo de coco na ração. Na fase de crescimento-terminação, a receita bruta média no período total indica que é possível incluir 22,4% de farelo de coco em dietas para suínos formuladas com farelo residual de milho e farelo de soja.The objective was to evaluate the performance of growing- finishing pigs fed diet with coconut meal. Twenty crossbred Large White × Landrace barrows with initial 19.7 ± 2.9 kg BW and final 89.2 ± 5.8 kg BW were allotted to complete a randomized blocks design with four levels (0, 10, 20 or 30% of coconut meal and five replications. Performance traits, as average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio in grower phase (65 to 107 days old and grower-finisher phase (65 to 149 days old were evaluated. Economic parameters evaluated were: average gross income, average feed cost, gross margin and average return. The best results of average weight daily gain and average gross income in the grower phase were obtained with the level of 22.5% of coconut meal in the diet. In grower

  5. Efecto vasodilatador mediado por óxido nítrico del extracto hidroalcohólico de Zea mays L. (maíz morado en anillos aórticos de rata Vasodilator effect mediated by nitric oxide of the Zea mays L (andean purple corn hydroalcoholic extract in aortic rings of rat

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Oscar Moreno-Loaiza

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Evaluar la respuesta vasodilatadora e inhibidora de la vasoconstricción del extracto hidroalcohólico de Zea mays L. (maíz morado y determinar si esta respuesta es mediada por óxido nítrico (NO. Materiales y métodos. Se obtuvo un extracto de las corontas de maíz morado maceradas durante ocho días en etanol al 70%, y posterior concentración del producto. Se trabajó con anillos aórticos de rata en cámara de órganos aislados, bañada con solución Krebs-Hensleit (K-H y se registró la actividad vasomotora con un transductor de tensión isométrica. Se produjo una contracción basal con KCl 120 mM sobre la cual determinó el efecto vasodilatador de tres dosis del extracto: 0,1; 0,5 y 1,0 mg/mL. Se utilizó L-NG-Nitroarginina metil ester (L-NAME para comprobar que la vasodilatación depende de la óxido nítrico sinteasa (NOs. Luego se comparó la inhibición de la contracción vascular tras la incubación durante 30 minutos, con extracto de maíz morado y captopril 10-5 M. Resultados. Se observó una reducción de la contracción máxima (100% a 85,25 ± 2,60%, 77,76 ± 3,23% y 73,3 ± 4,87%, para las dosis de 0,1; 0,5 y 1,0 mg/mL, respectivamente. La vasodilatación fue inhibida por la incubación previa con L-NAME. El extracto de maíz morado no inhibió la contracción vascular, a diferencia del captopril (reducción a 75,27 ± 8,61%. Conclusión. El extracto hidroalcohólico de Zea mays L produce vasodilatación dependiente de la síntesis de NO.Objective: To evaluate the vasodilator response of the hydroalcoholic extract of Zea mays L. (Andean purple corn and to determine if this response is mediated by nitric oxide (NO. Material and methods: We obtained an extract by maceration for eight days of Andean purple corn cobs in 70% ethanol and subsequent concentration of the product. Thoracic aortic rings were evaluated in an isolated organ chamber, bathed with Krebs-Hensleit solution (KH, and vasomotor activity was recorded

  6. Statistical evaluation of tablet coating processes: influence of pan design and solvent type

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Valdomero Pereira de Melo Junior

    2010-12-01

    édio, divididos em 8 lotes de dois quilogramas cada e revestidos em duplicata, tanto no equipamento com tambor parcialmente perfurado quanto no equipamento de tambor totalmente perfurado, obedecendo a matriz de ensaio previamente definida. Os resultados mostraram que existe diferença significativa entre equipamento de tambor parcialmente perfurado e totalmente perfurado, para tempo de processo e consumo de energia. Já para peso médio dos comprimidos revestidos e rendimento do processo, os dois equipamentos não apresentaram diferença significativa.

  7. Aplicação de revestimento comestível em abacaxis processados por métodos combinados: isoterma de sorção e cinética de desidratação osmótica Application of edible coatings in processed pineapples products by hurdle technology: desorption isotherms and kinetics of the osmotic dehydration

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renata Paula Herrera Brandelero

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available A desidratação osmótica é uma etapa essencial na elaboração de produtos de fruta através da Tecnologia dos Métodos Combinados ou de Obstáculos ("Hurdle Technology", pois reduz a atividade de água para níveis que, combinando um ou mais obstáculos, aumentam a estabilidade do produto. Neste processo há uma perda de água da fruta para a solução e incorporação de sólidos solúveis pelo produto. Este último fluxo é considerado uma desvantagem do processo pois pode alterar o sabor do produto. Neste trabalho estudou-se a ação de revestimentos comestíveis a base de alginato e gelatina aplicados em abacaxis, previamente à desidratação osmótica, como barreira à incorporação de sólidos solúveis. Os abacaxis com e sem revestimento (controle foram desidratados em solução de sacarose sob condições isotérmicas. Foram determinadas as isotermas de dessorção de abacaxis revestidos com gelatina, alginato e sem revestimento e os parâmetros cinéticos do processo de desidratação osmótica. Abacaxis revestidos com alginato apresentaram menor velocidade de ganho de sólidos, sem alterar a velocidade de perda de água, quando comparado ao controle.The osmotic dehydration is an essential stage to manufacture fruit products by Hurdle Technology because it reduces the water activity to levels that, combined with one or more obstacles, increase the stability of the product. This process causes a loss of water from the fruit to solution and soluble solid incorporation by the product. This last flow is considered a disadvantage of the process because it can modify the product flavor. In this work, the action of alginate and gelatin edible coatings as a barrier to soluble solid incorporation during osmotic dehydration was studied. Pineapples with and without coating (control were dehydrated in sucrose solution under isothermal conditions. The desorption isotherms of pineapples coated with gelatin, sodium alginate and without coating

  8. Development and in vitro evaluation of sustained release multiparticulate tablet of freely water soluble drug

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ashlesha Pravin Pandit

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available Blends of aqueous dispersion of a hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymer, namely Surelease®: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Surelease®: HPMC E15 were used as coating materials to control the drug release from coated pellets of the highly water soluble drug metoprolol succinate. Varying the polymer blends, ranges of drug release patterns were obtained at pH 6.8. The present study dealt with diffusion of drug through plasticized Surelease®/ hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC E15 films prepared by coating of drug and polymers onto non-pareil seeds using the solution layering technique. The release of metoprolol succinate from coated pellets was decreased with increased coating load of polymer. The optimized formulation was obtained by 3² full factorial design. The release profile revealed that the optimized formulation follows zero order release kinetics. The stability data showed no interaction for storage at 25ºC and 60% relative humidity.Misturas das dispersões aquosas de polímero hidrofóbico e de polímero hidrofílico, a saber, Surelease®: hidroxipropil metilcelulose (Surelease®: HPMC E15, foram utilizadas como material de revestimento para controlar a liberação de fármacos de péletes revestidos de fármaco altamente solúvel, o succinato de metoprolol. Variando as misturas de polímeros, obtiveram-se faixas de padrão de liberação do fármaco em pH 6,8. O presente estudo tratou da difusão do fármaco através de filmes de Surelease®/hidroxipropil metilcelulose(HPMC E15, preparados pelo revestimento do fármaco e dos polímeros em sementes nonpareil, utilizando técnica de solução em camada. A liberação de succinato de metoprolol dos péletes revestidos diminuiu com o aumento da carga de polímero de revestimento. A formulação otimizada foi obtida por planejamento fatorial 3². O perfil de liberação revelou que a formulação otimizada segue a cinética de liberação de ordem zero. Os dados de estabilidade mostraram n

  9. Chemical stability of two dentin single-bottle adhesives as a function of solvent loss = Estabilidade química de dois adesivos dentinários de frasco único em função da perda de solvente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yévenes López, Ismael

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Dois sistemas adesivos de frasco único, Single-Bond e Prime and Bond NT, contendo etanol-água e acetona como solventes, respectivamente, foram avaliados quanto à sua estabilidade química devido à perda de solvente. Metodologia: A estabilidade foi medida pelas alterações de peso do adesivo em ensaios de degradação acelerada sob condições de temperatura e umidade acima das condições normais ao longo de 15 dias: 25±2ºC / 60±5% RH, 30±2ºC / 65±5% RH, 40±2ºC / 70±5% RH, e 50±2ºC / 75±5% RH. Para cada temperatura, a inclinação e a taxa constante de perda de peso foram registradas para obter o gráfico de Arrhenius. O conteúdo de água no adesivo Single Bond foi determinado por ensaio K Fisher e a quantidade total de solvente foi obtida pela diferença com o peso total. Resultados: Os resultados para Single Bond indicaram conteúdo de 5,90±0,08% de água e 39,14±1,19%de álcool. Para Prime and Bond NT a porcentagem de acetona foi de 43,08±1,15%. As alterações de peso depois dos ensaios de degradação acelerada mostraram que a perda de solvente no adesivo Single-Bond foi menor que no adesivo Prime and Bond NT. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que a estabilidade química do adesivo contendo etanolágua é maior que da formulação contendo acetona

  10. Development and evaluation of a hot-melt coating technique for enteric coating

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arun Trambak Patil

    2012-03-01

    formulação central para modelo de fármaco irritante gástrico, o diclofenaco sódico (DFS em razão das vantagens inerentes sobre as formulações de única dose. O ácido esteárico (AE e o ácido palmítico (AP foram avaliados como materiais para o revestimento de fusão a quente. O RFQ foi realizado em recipiente especialmente modificado, aplicando AS e PA no estado fundido em péletes pré-aquecidos para atingir nível de revestimento de 5 a 15% p/P. Os péletes revestidos por fusão a quente for avaliados quanto ao pH de desintegração e à dissolução in vitro na faixa de pH de 1,2 a 6,8, juntamente com base micromerítica. O SEM dos péletes revestido mostrou revestimento uniforme e plano. Esses resultados indicaram que o RFQ tanto do AE quanto do AP apresentou capacidade de revestimento muito boa. Os péletes revestidos mostraram pouca liberação do fármaco em pH baixo. Como os péletes foram, subsequentemente, transferidos para pH mais altos, observou-se aumento gradual na liberação do fármaco dos péletes com o aumento do pH do meio de dissolução. A liberação foi dependente da extensão do revestimento, sendo a liberação entérica controlada, contrariamente à liberação abrupta com cinéticas mistas.

  11. Pigmentação de gemas de ovos de codornas japonesas alimentadas com rações contendo colorífico Egg yolk colour of japanese quail fed on diets with spice

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Newton Tavares Escocard de Oliveira

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar, semanalmente, o grau de pigmentação de gemas de ovos de codornas japonesas alimentadas com rações contendo diferentes níveis de colorífico (163,8 mg bixina/100 g, no decorrer de quatro semanas. Utilizaram-se 240 codornas japonesas (Coturnix japonica fêmeas, em delineamento experimental em blocos inteiramente casualizados, com oito tratamentos, cinco repetições e seis codornas por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos, constituídos por oito rações experimentais resultantes da combinação de quatro níveis de colorífico na ração (0; 1,5; 3,0 e 4,5% e duas fontes energéticas (milho e quirera de arroz, foram distribuídos nas parcelas, enquanto que os quatro dias experimentais (7º, 14º, 21º e 28º constituíram as subparcelas. A equação de regressão estimada com o uso do modelo logarítmico explicou 96% da variação dos dados de escore colorimétrico das gemas. No 7º e 14º dia do experimento, os níveis de colorífico estimados que promoveram escores colorimétricos de gemas com padrão caipira (8,5 a 9,0 pontos foram de 1,5%, em rações à base de milho, e 3,0%, em rações à base de quirera de arroz. No 21º e 28º dia experimental, os valores estimados foram de 0,75% (rações com milho e 2,25% (rações com quirera. Em rações com 46,0% de milho ou quirera de arroz, o uso de níveis superiores a 3,0% de colorífico promoveu aumento das perdas de pigmento, pelas excretas, e conseqüente redução da capacidade de deposição de pigmentos nas gemas.One aimed in this work to evaluate , weekly, the egg yolk colour grade of japanese quails fed on diets with different levels of spice (163.8 mg bixin/100 g, in course of four weeks. Two hundred and forty japanese female quails (Coturnix japonica were used in a completely randomized block outline, with eight treatments, five replicates and six quails per experimental unit. The treatments, consisted of eight experimental diets resultant from

  12. Adaptation of pharmaceutical excipients to FDM 3D printing for the fabrication of patient-tailored immediate release tablets.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sadia, Muzna; Sośnicka, Agata; Arafat, Basel; Isreb, Abdullah; Ahmed, Waqar; Kelarakis, Antonios; Alhnan, Mohamed A

    2016-11-20

    This work aims to employ fused deposition modelling 3D printing to fabricate immediate release pharmaceutical tablets with several model drugs. It investigates the addition of non-melting filler to methacrylic matrix to facilitate FDM 3D printing and explore the impact of (i) the nature of filler, (ii) compatibility with the gears of the 3D printer and iii) polymer: filler ratio on the 3D printing process. Amongst the investigated fillers in this work, directly compressible lactose, spray-dried lactose and microcrystalline cellulose showed a level of degradation at 135°C whilst talc and TCP allowed consistent flow of the filament and a successful 3D printing of the tablet. A specially developed universal filament based on pharmaceutically approved methacrylic polymer (Eudragit EPO) and thermally stable filler, TCP (tribasic calcium phosphate) was optimised. Four model drugs with different physicochemical properties were included into ready-to-use mechanically stable tablets with immediate release properties. Following the two thermal processes (hot melt extrusion (HME) and fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing), drug contents were 94.22%, 88.53%, 96.51% and 93.04% for 5-ASA, captopril, theophylline and prednisolone respectively. XRPD indicated that a fraction of 5-ASA, theophylline and prednisolone remained crystalline whilst captopril was in amorphous form. By combining the advantages of thermally stable pharmaceutically approved polymers and fillers, this unique approach provides a low cost production method for on demand manufacturing of individualised dosage forms. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  13. Perinatal DDT Exposure Induces Hypertension and Cardiac Hypertrophy in Adult Mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    La Merrill, Michele A; Sethi, Sunjay; Benard, Ludovic; Moshier, Erin; Haraldsson, Borje; Buettner, Christoph

    2016-11-01

    Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) was used extensively to control malaria, typhus, body lice, and bubonic plague worldwide, until countries began restricting its use in the 1970s. However, the use of DDT to control vector-borne diseases continues in developing countries. Prenatal DDT exposure is associated with elevated blood pressure in humans. We hypothesized that perinatal DDT exposure causes hypertension in adult mice. DDT was administered to C57BL/6J dams from gestational day 11.5 to postnatal day 5. Blood pressure (BP) and myocardial wall thickness were measured in male and female adult offspring. Adult mice were treated with an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, captopril, to evaluate sensitivity to amelioration of DDT-associated hypertension by ACE inhibition. We further assessed the influence of DDT exposure on the expression of mRNAs that regulate BP through renal ion transport. Adult mice perinatally exposed to DDT exhibited chronically increased systolic BP, increased myocardial wall thickness, and elevated expression of mRNAs of several renal ion transporters. Captopril completely reversed hypertension in mice perinatally exposed to DDT. These data demonstrate that perinatal exposure to DDT causes hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy in adult offspring. A key mechanism underpinning this hypertension is an overactivated renin angiotensin system because ACE inhibition reverses the hypertension induced by perinatal DDT exposure. Citation: La Merrill M, Sethi S, Benard L, Moshier E, Haraldsson B, Buettner C. 2016. Perinatal DDT exposure induces hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy in adult mice. Environ Health Perspect 124:1722-1727; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP164.

  14. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors mitigate collagen synthesis induced by a single dose of radiation to the whole thorax

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kma, L.; Gao, F.; Fish, B.L.; Moulder, J.E.; Jacobs, E.R.; Medhora, M.

    2012-01-01

    Our long-term goal is to use angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to mitigate the increase in lung collagen synthesis that is induced by irradiation to the lung, which could result from accidental exposure or radiological terrorism. Rats (WAG/RijCmcr) were given a single dose of 13 Gy (dose rate of 1.43 Gy/min) of X-irradiation to the thorax. Three structurally-different ACE inhibitors, captopril, enalapril and fosinopril were provided in drinking water beginning 1 week after irradiation. Rats that survived acute pneumonitis (at 6-12 weeks) were evaluated monthly for synthesis of lung collagen. Other endpoints included breathing rate, wet to dry lung weight ratio, and analysis of lung structure. Treatment with captopril (145-207 mg/m 2 /day) or enalapril (19-28 mg/m 2 /day), but not fosinopril (19-28 mg/m 2 /day), decreased morbidity from acute pneumonitis. Lung collagen in the surviving irradiated rats was increased over that of controls by 7 months after irradiation. This increase in collagen synthesis was not observed in rats treated with any of the three ACE inhibitors. Analysis of the lung morphology at 7 months supports the efficacy of ACE inhibitors against radiation-induced fibrosis. The effectiveness of fosinopril against fibrosis, but not against acute pneumonitis, suggests that pulmonary fibrosis may not be a simple consequence of injury during acute pneumonitis. In summary, three structurally-different ACE inhibitors mitigate the increase in collagen synthesis 7 months following irradiation of the whole thorax and do so, even when therapy is started one week after irradiation. (author)

  15. New trends in radioisotope renal function studies: Improved diagnostic potential by pharmacological intervention and by quantitative analysis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kletter, K.

    1988-01-01

    Tc99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine (Tc99m MAG3) was tested as replacement for I123 orthoiodohippuric acid (I123 oIH) both in the form of a HPLC purified substance and as an impure kit preparation. The influence of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (captopril) leads to characteristic changes in the renograms of patients with Goldblatt hypertension. Quantitative criteria for the evidence of haemodynamically significant renal artery stenosis were derived from investigations without and with captopril (25 mg) (I123 oIH and Tc99m DTPA) in 21 patients with essential hypertension. Diuresis renography is used for the assessment of urinary outflow obstruction. Up till now mainly qualitative criteria have been used for the evaluation of the washout curves. The introduction of the quantitative parameter of peak elimination rate for washout curve analysis yielded a significantly better concordance between diuresis renography and the invasive Whitaker test. The parameter of peak elimination (E max ) is mathematically clearly defined and is closely related to the peak urinary flow after frusemide. The dependence of the diuresis renogram on renal function and the degree of hydronephrosis was investigated in 80 ureterorenal units. Diuresis renography was tested and found to be a useful method for the assessment of hydronephrosis in newborn children. Follow up investigations of 7 children during the first weeks and months post partum revealed valuable diagnostic results in all cases. There was no sign that the diagnostic potential of diuresis renography was in any way restricted by as yet incompletely developed renal function during the first months of life. (Author, shortened by Quittner)

  16. Análisis del consumo de inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angioténsina en el territorio oeste de La Habana, 2005-2009

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Ramón Cabrera Cepero

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available La planificación de los recursos es un problema trascendental en los países en desarrollo y también en Cuba, por lo que hacer el mejor uso de los presupuestos limitados y de las escasas divisas, es de vital importancia. Planificar las cantidades de medicamentos necesarias, para lograr garantizar una disponibilidad adecuada de estos en todos los niveles de asistencia, es una tarea en la cual intervienen un sinnúmero de factores. El objetivo de este trabajo fue demostrar en qué medida la introducción del enalapril tabletas influyó en el consumo del captopril tabletas, mediante el análisis de los patrones de consumo de los medicamentos inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina en el territorio oeste de La Habana entre marzo de 2005 y diciembre de 2009. Para ello se realizó un estudio de utilización de medicamentos de consumo, de tipo descriptivo, observacional y retrospectivo. Se calcularon las DHD (dosis por mil habitantes día. Los resultados de este trabajo demuestran cómo en este grupo hay un desplazamiento del consumo hacia el enalapril. Este es un comportamiento lógico por la comodidad de la administración y la menor incidencia de efectos adversos. Sin embargo, el captopril se mantiene en valores entre 20 y 30 DHD x 1 000 habitantes ya que hay un grupo de pacientes que continúan con este tratamiento y es de elección en la crisis hipertensiva.

  17. Hypotensive effect of aqueous extract of jamu antiatherosclerosis in male rats

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tristantini, Dewi; Amelinda, Kelly

    2018-02-01

    For many years, Averrhoa carambola L leaves, Mimusops elengi Linn leaves and Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb are used empirically in Indonesian traditional medicine to treat hypertension. This study was conducted to investigate the hypotensive effect of Averrhoa carambola L leaves, Mimusops elengi Linn leaves, and Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb extract (Jamu Antiatherosclerosis) in hypertensive induced rats. The effect of aqueous extract of jamu antiatherosclerosis on diastolic and systolic blood pressure was determined in sodium chloride induced rats. Twenty-four male rats weighted 160-200 g were randomly divided into 6 groups of 4 rats. The groups are consisting of normal control (without treatment), positive control (induced and given captopril 1.35 mg / 200 g body weight of rats), negative control (induced and standard feed), dosage controls (induced and given the extract of jamu antiatherosclerosis) each group with 3 different doses. The composition is dose I (13.2 mg / 200 g body weight of rats), dose II (26.4 mg / 200 g body weight of rats ml) and dose III (52.8 mg / 200 g body weight of rats). Blood pressure were measured via non-invasive blood pressure. The blood pressure was decreased in all dose. However, dose III has the highest blood pressure reducing effect that is 29.42 mmHg or 25.14% for diastolic blood pressure and 34.58 mmHg or 22.03% for systolic blood pressure. This performance equals to 91.15% and 93.56% of captopril activity in decreasing diastolic and systolic blood pressure. The aqueous extract has blood pressure lowering property that can be used as antihypertension herbal medicine.

  18. Antioxidant and ACE Inhibitory Bioactive Peptides Purified from Egg Yolk Proteins

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marwa Yousr

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Protein by-products from the extraction of lecithin from egg yolk can be converted into value-added products, such as bioactive hydrolysates and peptides that have potential health enhancing antioxidant, and antihypertensive properties. In this study, the antioxidant and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE inhibitory activities of peptides isolated and purified from egg yolk protein were investigated. Defatted egg yolk was hydrolyzed using pepsin and pancreatin and sequentially fractionated by ultrafiltration, followed by gel filtration to produce egg yolk gel filtration fractions (EYGF. Of these, two fractions, EYGF-23 and EYGF-33, effectively inhibited the peroxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS in an oxidizing linoleic acid model system. The antioxidant mechanism involved superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals scavenging and ferrous chelation. The presence of hydrophobic amino acids such as tyrosine (Y and tryptophan (W, in sequences identified by LC-MS as WYGPD (EYGF-23 and KLSDW (EYGF-33, contributed to the antioxidant activity and were not significantly different from the synthetic BHA antioxidant. A third fraction (EYGF-56 was also purified from egg yolk protein by gel filtration and exhibited high ACE inhibitory activity (69% and IC50 value (3.35 mg/mL. The SDNRNQGY peptide (10 mg/mL had ACE inhibitory activity, which was not significantly different from that of the positive control captopril (0.5 mg/mL. In addition, YPSPV in (EYGF-33 (10 mg/mL had higher ACE inhibitory activity compared with captopril. These findings indicated a substantial potential for producing valuable peptides with antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activity from egg yolk.

  19. Antioxidant and ACE Inhibitory Bioactive Peptides Purified from Egg Yolk Proteins.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yousr, Marwa; Howell, Nazlin

    2015-12-07

    Protein by-products from the extraction of lecithin from egg yolk can be converted into value-added products, such as bioactive hydrolysates and peptides that have potential health enhancing antioxidant, and antihypertensive properties. In this study, the antioxidant and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of peptides isolated and purified from egg yolk protein were investigated. Defatted egg yolk was hydrolyzed using pepsin and pancreatin and sequentially fractionated by ultrafiltration, followed by gel filtration to produce egg yolk gel filtration fractions (EYGF). Of these, two fractions, EYGF-23 and EYGF-33, effectively inhibited the peroxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in an oxidizing linoleic acid model system. The antioxidant mechanism involved superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals scavenging and ferrous chelation. The presence of hydrophobic amino acids such as tyrosine (Y) and tryptophan (W), in sequences identified by LC-MS as WYGPD (EYGF-23) and KLSDW (EYGF-33), contributed to the antioxidant activity and were not significantly different from the synthetic BHA antioxidant. A third fraction (EYGF-56) was also purified from egg yolk protein by gel filtration and exhibited high ACE inhibitory activity (69%) and IC50 value (3.35 mg/mL). The SDNRNQGY peptide (10 mg/mL) had ACE inhibitory activity, which was not significantly different from that of the positive control captopril (0.5 mg/mL). In addition, YPSPV in (EYGF-33) (10 mg/mL) had higher ACE inhibitory activity compared with captopril. These findings indicated a substantial potential for producing valuable peptides with antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activity from egg yolk.

  20. Blood Pressure Lowering and Safety Improvements With Liver Angiotensinogen Inhibition in Models of Hypertension and Kidney Injury.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mullick, Adam E; Yeh, Steve T; Graham, Mark J; Engelhardt, Jeffery A; Prakash, Thazha P; Crooke, Rosanne M

    2017-09-01

    Uncontrolled hypertension is an important contributor to cardiovascular disease. Despite the armamentarium of antihypertensive treatments, there remains a need for novel agents effective in individuals who cannot reach acceptable blood pressure levels. Inhibitors targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are widely used but may not optimally inhibit RAAS and demonstrate an acceptable safety profile. Experiments were conducted to characterize a series of AGT (angiotensinogen) antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and compare their efficacy and tolerability to traditional RAAS blockade. AGT ASOs which target multiple systemic sites of AGT versus an N-acetylgalactosamine-conjugated AGT ASO that targets the liver were compared with captopril and losartan. Spontaneously hypertensive rats fed an 8% NaCl diet, a model of malignant hypertension resistant to standard RAAS inhibitors, demonstrated robust and durable blood pressure reductions with AGT ASO treatments, which was not observed with standard RAAS blockade. Studies in rat models of acute kidney injury produced by salt deprivation revealed kidney injury with ASO treatment that reduced kidney-expressed AGT, but not in animals treated with the N-acetylgalactosamine AGT ASO despite comparable plasma AGT reductions. Administration of either captopril or losartan also produced acute kidney injury during salt deprivation. Thus, intrarenal RAAS derived from kidney AGT, and inhibited by the standard of care, contributes to the maintenance of renal function during severe RAAS challenge. Such improvements in efficacy and tolerability by a liver-selective AGT inhibitor could be desirable in individuals not at their blood pressure goal with existing RAAS blockade. © 2017 American Heart Association, Inc.

  1. Long-term outcomes of left bundle branch block in high-risk survivors of acute myocardial infarction: the VALIANT experience

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Stephenson, Kent; Skali, Hicham; McMurray, John J V

    2006-01-01

    was to determine if new LBBB is an independent predictor of long-term fatal and nonfatal outcomes in high-risk survivors of MI by reviewing data from the VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarcTion (VALIANT) trial. METHODS: In VALIANT, 14,703 patients with LV systolic dysfunction and/or HF were randomized...... to valsartan, captopril, or both a mean of 5 days after MI. Baseline ECG data were available from 14,259 patients. We assessed the predictive value of new LBBB for death and major cardiovascular outcomes after 3 years, adjusting for multiple baseline covariates including LV ejection fraction. RESULTS...

  2. Comparative study of the stability of free and modified papain incorporated in topical formulations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudinéia Aparecida Sales de Oliveira Pinto

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Papain is an enzyme used in topical formulations as a proteolytic debriding agent for the treatment of open, extensive wounds and burnings. It is also employed as an enhancer for cutaneous permeation of active compounds, chemical peeling and as a progressive depilatory agent. The stability of formulations containing enzymes is not easy. In this research, papain was modified with polyethylene glycol in order to increase the stability of the formulations. The comparative Normal Stability Testing of the topical formulations containing unmodified and modified papain showed that the modified variety presented with a differentiated profile under the adopted temperature conditions (5.0 ± 1.0 °C; 22.0 ± 2.0 °C; 40.0 ± 2.0 °C. The most suitable condition for non-modified papain were 5.0 ± 1.0 °C and, for modified papain, they were 22.0 ± 2.0 °C. These results confirmed the higher stability of modified papain compared to free papain, as well as its potential to be applied in topical formulations.A papaína é uma enzima utilizada em formulações tópicas como agente proteolítico debridante no tratamento de lesões abertas de grande extensão e queimaduras. É, também, empregada na pele íntegra como agente promotor da permeação cutânea de princípios ativos, peeling químico e como agente depilatório progressivo. A estabilidade de formulações contendo enzimas não é facilmente alcançada. No presente trabalho realizou-se a modificação da enzima com polietilenoglicol, visando maior estabilidade das formulações. A realização do Teste Estabilidade Normal comparativo entre as formulações contendo as formas da enzima não modificada e modificada demonstrou que a última apresentou um perfil de estabilidade diferenciado, nas diferentes condições (5,0 ± 1,0 °C; 22,0 ± 2,0 °C; 40,0 ± 2,0 °C. A condição de 5,0 ± 1,0 °C foi a mais adequada para a formulação contendo papaína não modificada enquanto a 22,0 ± 2,0 °C foi

  3. Desenvolvimento e estudos de estabilidade preliminares de emulsões O/A contendo Cetoconazol 2,0% - DOI: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v30i2.812 Development and Preliminary Stability Evaluations of O/W emulsion containing Ketoconazole 2.0% - DOI: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v30i2.812

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    Márcio Augusto Leite de Campos

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver emulsões O/A contendo Cetoconazol 2,0% e avaliar sua estabilidade preliminar por meio da análise de suas características físico-químicas, tais como homogeneidade, formação de agregados, floculação, cremeação e coalescência. As emulsões foram formuladas utilizando diferentes bases autoemulsionantes, compostas por álcool cetoestearílico, álcool etoxilado, álcool graxos superiores, ácido esteárico, lanolina e outros. As emulsões foram submetidas aos testes de centrifugação, estresse térmico e ciclo gela-degela, e suas características organolépticas e físico-químicas foram avaliadas no início e no final de cada ensaio. Todas as amostras mantiveram sua homogeneidade após o teste de centrifugação, mas somente os sistemas preparados com ceras autoemulsionáveis constituídas por álcool graxos superiores (Polawax NF® e Copolímero de Amônio Acriloil dimetiltaurato VP, Trilauril 4 fosfato, Sesquisosterato de metil glicose, Óleo de flores de verão e Tetradibutil pentaeritritil hidroxihidrocinamato de Glicerina (Hostacerin NCB® ; mantiveram sua estabilidade após testes de estresse térmico e ciclo gela-degelaThe objective of this work was the development of O/W emulsions containing Ketoconazole 2.0% and to evaluate their preliminary stability by analyzing physical-chemical characteristics such as homogeneity, aggregation formation, flocculation, creaming and coalescence. The emulsions were formulated using different self-emulsifying bases, composed of cetearyl alcohol, ethoxyl alcohol, higher fatty alcohol, stearic acid, lanolin and others. The O/W emulsions were evaluated by centrifugation test, thermal stress test, and freezing/defrosting cycles, and its organoleptic and physical-chemistry characteristics were analyzed before and after each assay. All samples maintained their homogeneity after the centrifugation test, but only the systems prepared with self emulsifying

  4. Avaliação da matriz nutricional da enzima fitase em rações contendo sorgo para poedeiras comerciais Evaluation of the nutritional matrix values for phytase enzyme in laying hens diets with sorghum

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    Elaine Cristina Ligeiro

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available Avaliaram-se os efeitos da inclusão de fitase e de sua matriz nutricional em rações contendo sorgo sobre o desempenho das aves, a qualidade dos ovos, a ingestão e a excreção e retenção de fósforo e nitrogênio em poedeiras comerciais. Utilizaram-se 180 poedeiras comerciais, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em esquema fatorial 2 × 2 + 1, com dois níveis de fitase (0 e 500 FTU/kg de ração e dois níveis de substituição do milho pelo sorgo (50 e 100% e uma ração testemunha (isenta de sorgo e fitase, constituindo cinco tratamentos com seis repetições de seis aves. As rações foram à base de milho e farelo de soja, sem fitase e sorgo, considerando a matriz nutricional da fitase. O desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos foram avaliados em quatro períodos de 28 dias. Ao final do experimento, um ensaio de metabolismo foi realizado para quantificar a ingestão, excreção e retenção aparente de fósforo e nitrogênio e avaliar a viabilidade econômica das rações. Ao considerar a matriz nutricional da fitase, as exigências em energia, cálcio, fósforo, proteína e aminoácidos foram atendidas, mesmo com a redução dos níveis nutricionais da dieta, e o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos não foram comprometidos. A adição de fitase nas rações possibilitou reduzir todos os parâmetros econômicos avaliados. O sorgo pode substituir totalmente o milho e ser o único grão energético da dieta.The effects were assessed of including phytase and its nutritional matrix in diets containing sorghum on the performance of the birds, egg quality, intake and phosphorus excretion and retention in laying hens. One hundred and eighty laying hens were arranged in a randomized complete design in a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement with two phytase levels (0 and 500 FTU/kg diet, two levels of corn replacement for sorghum (50 and 100% and a control diet (without phytase and sorghum forming five treatments and six replications of

  5. 500 ANOS DA REFORMA LUTERANA: OCASIÃO DE AVANÇAR NA COLABORAÇÃO ECUMÊNICA

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    Paulo César Barros

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Estamos às portas da rememoração dos 500 anos da Reforma Luterana. Foi no dia 31 de outubro de 1517 que Martinho Lutero afixou (assim se diz, na porta da igreja do castelo de Wittenberg, um cartaz contendo as famosas 95 teses para suscitar o Debate para o esclarecimento do valor das indulgências.

  6. Esquistossomose endocervical

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    Badiale Giovana Bachega

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 38 anos, assintomática, que procurou atendimento médico devido à infertilidade. No exame ginecológico, observou-se pólipo endocervical de 1,0 x 0,8 x 0,5cm que foi biopsiado. O exame histológico evidenciou granulomas contendo ovos de Schistosoma mansoni.

  7. Uso de misturas de adubos contendo ou não enxofre na adubação do cultivar IAC 16 de algodoeiro The effect of sulfur on 'IAC 16' cotton

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    Nelson M. Silva

    1981-01-01

    Full Text Available Durante quatro anos agrícolas, foi conduzido com o algodoeiro - cultivar IAC 16, ensaio de caráter permanente, de competição de misturas de adubos contendo ou não enxofre, em Latossolo Roxo, ácido, de baixa fertilidade, anteriormente ocupado com pastagem não adubada, no municipio de Guaíra (SP. A combinação de produtos comerciais, como sulfato de amônio, salitre-do-chile, nitrato de amônio, superfosfatos simples e triplo, e cloreto de potássio, permitiu ceder às plantas N e K em doses constantes e P e S em doses variáveis. No primeiro e no último ano agrícola, foram aplicadas pequenas quantidades de calcário dolomítico. A produtividade das plantas no primeiro ano agrícola foi muito baixa, mesmo nos níveis altos de adubação, o que confirma o risco de insucesso que se corre cultivando o algodoeiro em início de correção de solo ácido. O efeito do fósforo sobre a produção das plantas praticamente inexistiu nesse ano e foi de natureza quadrática após sucessivos acúmulos de adubos. A ação do enxofre se fez sentir desde o primeiro ano, aumentando com o tempo e com a efetivação do efeito das calagens. O superfosfato simples comportou-se como adubo misto, tendo proporcionado aumentos no teor de Ca trocável do solo e na concentração de Ca e S na folha do algodoeiro, após aplicações sucessivas. Através dos anos, proporcionou produtividades sistematicamente superiores às devidas ao superfosfato triplo. As maiores produções, entretanto, foram obtidas com a inclusão do sulfato de amônio em cobertura. Não se observou correlação satisfatória entre concentração de nutrientes na planta e níveis de produtividade, uma vez que K, S, N e P se acumularam nas folhas das plantas que não receberam PeSna adubação, devido provavelmente à pouca carga de capulhos formada nesse caso.The influence of the repeated applications of fertilizer mixtures containing P and S and of mixtures without S, was studied by a

  8. Seleção de inoculantes à base de turfa contendo bactérias diazotróficas em duas variedades de arroz = Selection of peats inoculants with diazotrophic bacteria in two rice varieties

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    Vera Lúcia Divan Baldani

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available O estudo consistiu em avaliar a sobrevivência e a eficiência das bactérias diazotróficas Herbaspirillum seropedicae, Burkholderia sp. e Azospirillum brasilense, inoculadas em dois tipos de turfas. A sobrevivência das bactérias foi determinada pelo método do NúmeroMais Provável (NMP, durante o armazenamento de até seis meses. A eficiência foi avaliada pela contribuição destas bactérias nos parâmetros agronômicos de acúmulo de massa seca e N-total dos grãos nas variedades de arroz IR42 e IAC4440. O experimento foi conduzido emvasos com solo, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três repetições, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 4. Os dados obtidos mostraram que o inoculante contendo a estirpe de Burkholderia sp. manteve o número de células viáveis em torno de 108 cel. g-1 de turfa no período testado, enquanto nos demais inoculantes este número ficou em torno de 106. Os ensaios de inoculação não mostraram diferenças significativas quanto à origem das turfas usadas como veículo sobre os parâmetros agronômicos e sobrevivência das bactérias. O tratamento que continha H. seropedicae manteve o acúmulo de massa seca e N-total dos grãos estatisticamente igual ao tratamento que recebeu 40 kg N ha-1, embora tenham sido observados aumentos de 13 e 19,4% nestes parâmetros na variedade IAC4440. Os resultados mostraram-se promissores quanto à utilização da prática de inoculação na cultura do arroz. The study consisted of a comparison of two-peat materials (Brazil and Canada containing different C-total content. The peats were inoculated with strains of Herbaspirillum seropedicae ZAE 94, Burkholderia sp. M130, and Azospirillum brasilense Sp109, and monitored during a period of six months in relation to variation on humidity and survival of bacteria in the inoculant. The quantification of viable cells in the inoculant was measured by the Most Probable Number (MPN method. The rice seeds were pelleted with the respective

  9. Avaliação das propriedades de intumescimento e permeabilidade de filmes isolados de polimetacrilato contendo polissacarídeo da raiz de Lótus (Nelumbo nucifera Evaluation of swelling and permeability properties of films isolated from polymethacrylate containing polysaccharide from Lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera

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    Claudia Renata Rosina

    2004-09-01

    Full Text Available Polissacarídeo extraído da raiz de Lótus (Nelumbo nucifera adicionado a polimetacrilato foi utilizado para a obtenção de filmes isolados, constituindo material candidato ao revestimento de formas farmacêuticas sólidas orais, sendo estas voltadas à liberação modificada de fármacos, potencialmente suscetíveis à degradação pela microflora presente exclusivamente na região distal do trato gastrintestinal. A adição do polissacarídeo ao polímero de base, dispersão aquosa Eudragit®RS 30D, ocorreu em diferentes proporções: 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30. Os filmes isolados foram caracterizados pela determinação do índice de intumescimento e pela transmissão de vapor de água. Os resultados registraram, para as diferentes associações testadas, características de transparência (opacidade e de flexibilidade alteradas e dependentes do aumento da concentração do polissacarídeo: 100:0>90:10>80:20>7030, o mesmo ocorrendo no tocante à permeabilidade ao vapor d'água. Todavia estas diferenças não foram significativas entre si, demonstrando manutenção das propriedades físico-químicas do polímero sintético contendo polissacarídeo, o que permite sugerir o material obtido como candidato potencial ao desenvolvimento de sistema para liberação colônica.Polysaccharides such as extracted from Lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera combined with polymethacrylates on isolated films for film coating was studied as potential vehicles for colonic drug delivery, susceptible to fermentation by micro flora. For the preparation we used the association of Eudragit®RS 30D and polysaccharides in different concentrations (100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30 in aqueous-based solvents. In the present study, the films were characterized by swelling studies and water vapor transmission studies. These tests demonstrated that different associations do not present significant differences, showing that the physico-chemical properties of EudragitâRS 30D are not

  10. Avaliação de Matrizes de Carne Bovina na Produção de Itens de Ensaio de Proficiência para Pesquisa de Salmonella spp.*

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    Marcelo Luiz Lima Brandão

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Avaliar três tipos de matrizes cárneas (autoclavada a 121ºC/15 min, cozida por 20 min e enlatada na produção de itens de ensaio (IE contendo Salmonella spp., a serem utilizados em um Ensaio de Proficiência (EP, Material e Métodos: O lote de IE foi preparado utilizando a técnica de liofilização e a trealose como crioprotetor e avaliados quando a sua homogeneidade e estabilidade, Resultados: Os lotes produzidos com carne cozida e com carne enlatada não se apresentaram suficientemente homogêneos, Os IE produzidos em matriz carne autoclavada foram considerados suficientemente homogêneos e estáveis à temperatura de ≤-70ºC durante o período de quatro meses, No estudo de estabilidade em curta duração, os IE apresentaram-se suficientemente estáveis nas temperaturas de -20, 4 e 25ºC durante três dias, Conclusão: A carne autoclavada a 121ºC/15 min foi considerada uma matriz satisfatória para produção de IE contendo Salmonella spp, aplicáveis a um EP.

  11. Avaliação da remoção de cromo (III por materiais compósitos porosos adsorventes de PE-g-MA, fibra de coco e quitosana, usando planejamento experimental

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    Dilma Alves Costa

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO Os processos de adsorção podem ser empregados no tratamento de efluentes líquidos contendo metais pesados visando a reduzir os danos ambientais. Porém, o alto custo dos materiais adsorventes justifica a aplicação de adsorventes alternativos, como a fibra de coco (FC e a quitosana (Q. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver compósitos porosos adsorventes a partir da mistura de polietileno graftizado com anidrido maleico/FC/Q/NaCl, como agente porogênico (PE-g-MA/FC/Q/NaCl, e avaliar estatisticamente a capacidade de adsorção do cromo (III em solução, com auxílio do software Statistica 5.0®. Os resultados mostraram que a eficiência do processo sofreu influência das dimensões da FC, do teor de Q e do pH da solução contendo Cr (III. A capacidade máxima de remoção de Cr (III por unidade de massa do compósito foi de 42,28 mg.g-1.

  12. Associação entre proteínas do plasma seminal, motilidade e viabilidade espermática em coelhos submetidos a doping genético

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    G Urtiaga

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho foi estudada a correlação entre o perfil proteico do plasma seminal e a motilidade e viabilidade espermática em coelhos submetidos ao tratamento com vetores de expressão contendo o gene da eritropoetina (EPO e com EPO recombinante humana. Foram identificadas, em coelhos submetidos ao tratamento com vetor de DNA contendo o gene da EPO, duas bandas proteicas associadas a alterações na motilidade espermática - 48kDa à baixa motilidade (P<0,05 e 18kDa à alta motilidade (P<0,05 - e esse fator foi associado a maior viabilidade espermática (P<0,05. Em coelhos submetidos ao tratamento com EPO recombinante, um fator proteico, 63kDa, associou-se à alta motilidade espermática (P<0,05, enquanto dois, 26 e 40kDa, foram associados à alta viabilidade espermática (P<0,05. Esses resultados sugerem que o doping genético pode ocasionar mudanças no perfil proteico do plasma seminal, provocando alterações na motilidade e viabilidade espermática.

  13. PROPRIEDADES DE EMULSÃO DA FARINHA E DO CONCENTRADO PROTÉICO DE FEIJÃO-GUANDU (Cajanus flavus DC. CULTIVAR FAVA-LARGA

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    José Paschoal BATISTUTI

    2009-07-01

    Full Text Available

    RESUMO: Com grãos decorticados de feijão-guandu (cajanus flavus DC. cultivar fava-larga, contendo 24,4% de proteína, foi preparado concentrado protéico, com rendimento de 17,6%. O concentrado protéico obtido apresentou conteúdo médio de 73,76% de proteína. Suspensões protéicas de concentrado protéico contendo 100 mg de proteína (N x 6,25 são capazes de emulsionar 35,7g de óleo. Emulsões obtidas da farinha de feijão-guandu, bem como de concentrado protéico, foram armazenadas em temperatura ambiente (25ºC e a 4°C, a fim de avaliar sua estabilidade. Foram avaliados, também, o efeito da concentração iônica, do pH, da diluição e do tratamento térmico na capacidade de emulsão do concentrado protéico de feijão-guandu decorticado. PALAVRAS – CHAVE: Feijão-guandu; Cajanus flavus DC.; farinha; concentrado protéico; propriedades de emulsão; estabilidade.

  14. Uso de zangões (Apis mellifera L. na detecção de cera de abelha adulterada

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    Maurizete da Cruz Silva

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available Esta pesquisa avaliou a habilidade de zangões da abelha africanizada (Apis mellifera L. em detectar cera de abelha adulterada usando o reflexo da extensão da probóscide (PER. Duzentos e quarenta zangões foram divididos em 12 grupos contendo níveis diferentes de cera de abelha adulterada (100% cera de abelha, 90% cera de abelha, 10% cera de abelha, 0% cera de abelha. Um estímulo de ar foi incluído como testemunha devido à possível influência do fluxo de ar per se. Os animais foram mantidos em tubos de metal, acondicionados com fita adesiva Ducktape® entre a cabeça e o tórax. Os resultados da performance dos zangões no condicionamento olfativo do PER indicam que esses animais são capazes de detectar níveis diferentes de cera de abelha adulterada. Os zangões mostraram melhor resposta ao tratamento contendo 100% de cera de abelha. Esse bioensaio pode servir de ferramenta alternativa na seleção de lotes de cera de abelha na apicultura e indústria.

  15. Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade attenuates growth and metastatic potential of renal cell carcinoma in mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Araújo, Wedson F; Naves, Marcelo A; Ravanini, Juliana N; Schor, Nestor; Teixeira, Vicente P C

    2015-09-01

    Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most frequent type of cancer among renal neoplasms in adults and responds poorly to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. There is evidence that blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) might have antineoplastic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of RAS blockade on RCC in a murine model. Murine renal cancer cells (Renca) were injected (1 × 10(5)) into the subcapsular space of the left kidney of BALB/c mice (8 wk of age). The animals were divided into 4 groups: a control group (no treatment), angiotensin-receptor blockers group (losartan 100mg/kg/d), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor group (captopril 10mg/kg/d), and angiotensin-receptor blockers +angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor group (losartan 100mg/kg/d +captopril 10mg/kg/d). The animals received the drugs by gavage for 21 days after inoculation, beginning 2 days before tumor induction, and were then euthanized. After killing the animals, the kidneys and lungs were removed, weighed, and processed for histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Angiogenesis and vascular microvessels were assessed with the antibodies anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and anti-CD34. Angiotensin II-inoculated animals developed renal tumors. Treated animals presented smaller tumors, regardless of the therapeutic regimen, and far fewer lung metastases in both quantity and dimension compared with the controls. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and CD34 were significantly decreased in renal tumors of treated animals compared with the controls. Our findings suggest that blockade of RAS decreases tumor proliferation and metastatic capacity of RCC in this experimental model. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  16. Probiotic-fermented purple sweet potato yogurt activates compensatory IGF‑IR/PI3K/Akt survival pathways and attenuates cardiac apoptosis in the hearts of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lin, Pei-Pei; Hsieh, You-Miin; Kuo, Wei-Wen; Lin, Yueh-Min; Yeh, Yu-Lan; Lin, Chien-Chung; Tsai, Fuu-Jen; Tsai, Chang-Hai; Huang, Chih-Yang; Tsai, Cheng-Chih

    2013-12-01

    Apoptosis is recognized as a predictor of adverse outcomes in subjects with cardiac diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of probiotic-fermented purple sweet potato yogurt (PSPY) with high γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content on cardiac apoptosis in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) hearts. The rats were orally adminsitered with 2 different concentrations of PSPY (10 and 100%) or captopril, 15.6 mg/kg, body weight (BW)/day. The control group was administered distilled water. DAPI and TUNEL staining were used to detect the numbers of apoptotic cells. A decrease in the number of TUNEL-positive cardiac myocytes was observed in the SHR-PSPY (10 and 100%) groups. In addition, the levels of key components of the Fas receptor- and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways were determined by western blot analysis. The results revealed that the levels of the key components of the Fas receptor- and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway were significantly decreased in the SHR-captopril, and 10 and 100% PSPY groups. Additionally, the levels of phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor‑I receptor (p-IGF‑IR) were increased in SHR hearts from the SHR-control group; however, no recovery in the levels of downstream signaling components was observed. In addition, the levels of components of the compensatory IGF-IR-dependent survival pathway (p-PI3K and p-Akt) were all highly enhanced in the left ventricles in the hearts form the SHR-10 and 100% PSPY groups. Therefore, the oral administration of PSPY may attenuate cardiomyocyte apoptosis in SHR hearts by activating IGF‑IR-dependent survival signaling pathways.

  17. Minoxidil-associated anorexia in an infant with refractory hypertension.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vesoulis, Zachary A; Attarian, Stephanie J; Zeller, Brandy; Cole, Francis Sessions

    2014-12-01

    Minoxidil is a potent antihypertensive used as an adjunctive agent in refractory hypertension. It exerts an antihypertensive effect through two mechanisms: selective arterial vasodilation by activation of potassium channels in the vascular smooth muscle and stimulation of carotid and aortic baroreceptors, leading to downstream release of renin and norepinephrine. Although frequently cited in reviews of antihypertensive agents, limited data about the use of minoxidil in neonates are available. We describe an infant girl, born at 35 weeks of gestation, who was diagnosed with idiopathic hypertension after extensive diagnostic evaluation. Adequate blood pressure control was not achieved with captopril, amlodipine, and clonidine. Oliguria secondary to captopril and rapid-onset congestive heart failure due to persistent hypertension led to the introduction of intravenous agents labetalol and nitroprusside. Although adequate blood pressure control was achieved, attempts to transition back to oral agents were unsuccessful, prompting the use of minoxidil as an alternative agent. Although good blood pressure control was achieved, the infant's oral intake plummeted from 210 to 63 ml/kg/day. The anorexia quickly resolved after stopping minoxidil, and she was discharged home at 5 months of age receiving propranolol, amlodipine, and doxazosin. Use of the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale indicated a definite relationship (score of 10) between the patient's development of anorexia and minoxidil therapy. To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports of minoxidil-associated anorexia in preterm or term infants. Clinicians should be aware that anorexia is a possible adverse effect of minoxidil in this patient population when initiating the drug in similar patients. © 2014 Pharmacotherapy Publications, Inc.

  18. Delayed Treatment with a Small Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor (PEDF Peptide Prevents the Progression of Diabetic Renal Injury.

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    Alaa S Awad

    Full Text Available Our recent publication showed that a small bioactive pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF peptide (P78-PEDF prevents the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN. However, its effects on the progression of established DN were not clear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of P78-PEDF in the progression of DN and to compare the effects of P78-PEDF and an ACE inhibitor (ACEi, a standard of care in DN. Experiments were conducted in Ins2(Akita mice treated with P78-PEDF or captopril starting at 6 wks of age for 12 wks (early treatment or starting at 12 wks of age for 6 wks (late treatment. We first established the optimal dose of the P78-PEDF peptide to ameliorate DN in Ins2(Akita mouse for a 6 wk study period and found that the peptide was effective at 0.1- 0.5 µg/g/day. We next showed that early or late treatment with P78-PEDF resulted in protection from DN as indicated by reduced albuminuria, kidney macrophage recruitment, histological changes, inflammatory cytokines and fibrotic markers (kidney TNF-α, fibronectin, VEGFA and EGFR, and restored nephrin expression compared with vehicle-treated Ins2(Akita mice. Interestingly, only early but not late treatment with captopril was as effective as P78-PEDF in reducing most DN complications, despite its lack of effect on nephrin, VEGFA and EGFR expression. These findings highlight the importance of P78-PEDF peptide as a potential therapeutic modality in both the development and progression of diabetic renal injury.

  19. Layered double hydroxides as supports for intercalation and sustained release of antihypertensive drugs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xia Shengjie; Ni Zheming; Xu Qian; Hu Baoxiang; Hu Jun

    2008-01-01

    Zn/Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were intercalated with the anionic antihypertensive drugs Enalpril, Lisinopril, Captopril and Ramipril by using coprecipitation or ion-exchange technique. TG-MS analyses suggested that the thermal stability of Ena - , Lis - (arranged with monolayer, resulted from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) analysis was enhanced much more than Cap - and Ram - (arranged with bilayer). The release studies show that the release rate of all samples markedly decreased in both pH 4.25 and 7.45. However, the release time of Ena - , Lis - were much longer compared with Cap - , Ram - in both pH 4.25 and 7.45, it is possible that the intercalated guests, arranged with monolayer in the interlayer, show lesser repulsive force and strong affinity with the LDH layers. And the release data followed both the Higuchi-square-root law and the first-order equation well. Based on the analysis of batch release, intercalated structural models as well as the TG-DTA results, we conclude that for drug-LDH, stronger the affinity between intercalated anions and the layers is, better the thermal property and the stability to the acid attack of drug-LDH, and the intercalated anions are easier apt to monolayer arrangement within the interlayer, were presented. - Graphical abstract: A series of antihypertensive drugs including Enalpril, Lisinopril, Captopril and Ramipril were intercalated into Zn/Al-NO 3 -LDHs successfully by coprecipitation or ion-exchange technique. We focus on the structure, thermal property and low/controlled release property of as-synthesized drug-LDH composite intended for the possibility of applying these LDH-antihypertensive nanohybrids in drug delivery and controlled release systems

  20. Resinas termofixas e a produção de refratários contendo carbono: base teórica e insights para futuros desenvolvimentos Thermosetting resins and the production of carbon containing refractories: theoretic basis and insights for future developments

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. S. Bitencourt

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Por suas diversas vantagens em relação ao piche de alcatrão convencional, o uso das resinas termofixas fenólicas vem se expandindo na produção dos refratários contendo carbono. Contudo, apesar desta tendência, ainda se verificam poucos trabalhos publicados no meio acadêmico que se proponham a investigar como alterações nas características desses polímeros podem afetar e beneficiar o processamento e as propriedades dos refratários. Algumas pesquisas reportam os efeitos dessas alterações sobre a pirólise do termofixo isolado. Entretanto, empregar plenamente as suas conclusões nos estudos em refratários pode não ser adequado, visto que os demais componentes e os próprios métodos de processamento desses materiais podem ter uma importante influência sobre o comportamento do termofixo. Assim, procurando verificar os caminhos mais promissores para desenvolver resinas fenólicas que apresentem um desempenho otimizado para essa aplicação específica, este artigo faz uma revisão geral sobre a química desses termofixos e suas conseqüências para o processamento do refratário e para a geração de carbono. Também serão revisados alguns aditivos capazes de auxiliar a resina a alcançar tal desempenho superior, entre eles os chamados agentes grafitizantes, que teriam a função de induzir a cristalização do carbono produzido pelo termofixo, um fenômeno antes exclusivo de fontes de carbono grafitizáveis como os piches.Based on the many advantages over the conventional coal tar pitch, the application of thermosetting phenolic resins has been expanding for the production of carbon containing refractories. Nevertheless, despite this trend, it is noticeable that there are few published technical and scientific papers aiming to investigate how modifications in these polymers characteristics could affect and benefit the refractories processing and properties. There are studies in the literature analyzing the effects of these

  1. Atrial and ventricular septal defect with pulmonary and tricuspid valvular anomalies in a dog

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ishikawa, Y.; Wakao, Y.; Watanabe, T.; Minami, T.; Muto, M.; Suzuki, T.; Takahashi, M.; Une, Y.; Nomura, Y.; Ichioka, N.

    1989-01-01

    A 15-month-old male boxer dog weighing 22 kg was referred to Azabu University Animal Hospital for evaluation of the syncopal attack. There was no cardiac murmur, but electrocardiograms revealed an atrial fibrillation. Thoracic radiograph revealed enlargement of the right and left atrial regions. The medical treatment with digitalis and captopril was made for conversion from the atrial fibrillation to the sinus rhythm. By cardiac catheterization, atrial and ventricular septal defect with pulmonary stenosis was demonstrated. The patient died at 20 months from the first medical examination. At autopsy, there were severe enlargement of both atria, atrial defect, and pulmonary and tricuspid valvular anomalies. (author)

  2. Atrial and ventricular septal defect with pulmonary and tricuspid valvular anomalies in a dog

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ishikawa, Y. [Azabu Univ., Sagamihara, Kanagawa (Japan); Wakao, Y.; Watanabe, T.; Minami, T.; Muto, M.; Suzuki, T.; Takahashi, M.; Une, Y.; Nomura, Y.; Ichioka, N.

    1989-12-15

    A 15-month-old male boxer dog weighing 22 kg was referred to Azabu University Animal Hospital for evaluation of the syncopal attack. There was no cardiac murmur, but electrocardiograms revealed an atrial fibrillation. Thoracic radiograph revealed enlargement of the right and left atrial regions. The medical treatment with digitalis and captopril was made for conversion from the atrial fibrillation to the sinus rhythm. By cardiac catheterization, atrial and ventricular septal defect with pulmonary stenosis was demonstrated. The patient died at 20 months from the first medical examination. At autopsy, there were severe enlargement of both atria, atrial defect, and pulmonary and tricuspid valvular anomalies. (author)

  3. CYSTINURIA - A TEN-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF THE PATIENTS

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    Anđelka Slavković

    2001-09-01

    Full Text Available In the period from 1991 to 2001 there were four patients followed up who suffered from cystinuria and cystine calcinosis. The therapy consisting of the cystine dilution in the urine by a great taking-in of liquids and the urine alkalization was combined with alphamercaptopropione glycine and captoprile that bind cystine as well as a respective diet. Alphamercaptopropione glycine leads to the reduction of the already-formed calculus and their easier treatment in the case of a possible need for extracorporeal lithotripsy (ESWEL. During the ten-year follow-up of a small series of patients there were no complications related to the medicament treatment.

  4. Avaliação de variedades de morangueiro em sistemas hidropônicos sob casa de vegetação Evaluation of strawberry varieties in hydroponics systems in greenhouses

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    Edilson Costa

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available Realizaram-se experimentos na Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola na Universidade Estadual de Campinas, com quatro variedades de morangueiro (Campinas, Seascape, Sweet Charlie e Tudla, em quatro sistemas de produção hidropônica (canal de 100mm, canal de 150mm, canal de 150mm com vaso contendo fibra de coco e tubo vertical contendo casca de arroz carbonizada, em três ambientes protegidos com níveis tecnológicos diferenciados (casa de vegetação sem resfriamento evaporativo do ar e sem injeção aérea de CO2, casa de vegetação com injeção aérea de CO2 e sem resfriamento evaporativo do ar, e casa de vegetação com injeção aérea de CO2 e resfriamento evaporativo do ar. Foram analisadas as produtividades em gramas por planta (P e o número de frutos por planta (NF. Destacou-se como melhor variedade a Campinas. O melhor sistema de cultivo foi o de canais de 150mm com vaso contendo fibra de coco.Experiments were accomplished in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering at State University of Campinas (Unicamp. Four varieties of strawberry were tested (Campinas, Seascape, Sweet Charlie and Tudla in four hydroponics production systems (100mm and 150mm channels and 150mm channel with a vase containing coconut fiber and a vertical pipe containing carbonized rice skin in three greenhouses with different technical: i greenhouse without air evaporative cooling nor CO2 aerial injection, ii greenhouse with CO2 aerial injection and without air evaporative cooling and iii greenhouse with CO2 aerial injection and air evaporative cooling. The productivity in grams per plant (P and the number of fruits per plant (NF were analyzed. The variety Campinas was better than the others. The best hydroponics system was the 150mm channel with a vase containing coconut fiber.

  5. Regeneração in vitro de melão, cv. 'Gaúcho' In vitro regeneration of melon, cv. 'Gaúcho'

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    Daiane Schmidt de Pinho

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo do presente trabalho foi otimizar um protocolo de regeneração de explantes cotiledonares de melão, cultivar 'Gaúcho', avaliando a composição de meios de germinação e o tempo de permanência dos explantes nesses meios. Para isso, as sementes foram germinadas em meio MS semi-sólido contendo BAP ou ANA e sem esses reguladores de crescimento. As sementes permaneceram nesses meios por um, dois, três e quatro dias, sendo então seus cotilédones inoculados em meio MS contendo diferentes concentrações de BAP (0,5; 0,9; 1,5 e 2,0mg L-1. As maiores taxas de regeneração ocorreram nos cotilédones oriundos de sementes mantidas durante um e dois dias nos meios contendo 0,5 e 0,9mg L-1 de BAP. O aumento da permanência dos explantes nos meios de germinação e as elevadas concentrações de BAP nos meios de regeneração diminuíram a capacidade organogênica dos explantes e incrementaram a formação de calos.The aim of the present study was to optimize a cv. Gaucho melon cotyledon explant regeneration protocol, evaluating the germination media composition and the explant exposition period in these media. For this purpose, seeds were germinated in semi-solid MS medium containing either BAP or ANA, and without growth regulators. The seeds were kept in these media for one, two, three or four days; afterwards, their cotyledons were inoculated in MS medium containing different BAP concentrations (0.5; 0.9; 1.5 and 2.0mg L-1. The highest regeneration rates occurred with cotyledons from seeds which had been kept for one or two days in media containing 0.5 and 0.9mg L-1 BAP. Both the increase in the explant exposition time in germination media and high BAP concentrations in regeneration media decreased explant organogenic capacity, and increased callus formation.

  6. Avaliação do fosfato de rocha com baixo teor de flúor na alimentação de eqüinos em crescimento Evaluation of rock phosphate with low fluorine level in diets for growing horses

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    Mauro Dal Secco de Oliveira

    1999-11-01

    Full Text Available Utilizaram-se 18 potras com idade média de 11 meses e peso vivo médio de 250 kg, alimentadas com 3 dietas contendo fosfato bicálcico (FB; 50% de fosfato bicálcico mais 50% fosfato de rocha de Tapira (BT e fosfato de rocha de Tapira (FT, incorporados ao concentrado (1,5% do peso vivo/animal/dia e ao sal mineralizado (50 g/animal/dia. O nível médio de flúor nas dietas FB, BT e FT foi, respectivamente, de 53,0; 90,0 e 184,0 ppm. O consumo diferenciado de fluoreto nas diferentes dietas não acarretou efeitos sobre os parâmetros ganho de peso, perímetro torácico, perímetro do joelho e perímetro da canela. Os animais que receberam a dieta contendo exclusivamente fosfato de rocha apresentaram menor aumento de altura na cernelha (1,27cm quando comparados àqueles que receberam dietas contendo fosfato bicálcico (1,55 e 1,30cm.Eighteen fillies of Brasileiro de Hipismo breed with initial age between 9 and 12 months and 250kg of average weight were used in a complete block design, during a five-month trial to evaluate the use of three different inorganic phosphorus sources. The sources were dicalcium phosphate (FB, half and half dicalcium phosphate/Tapira rock phosphate mixture (BT and Tapira rock phosphate (FT. They were added to a basal concentrate, given at the rate of 1.5% of average body weight and to a mineralized salt, of which 50 g/animal was offered daily. The mean fluoride level (concentrate plus salt in diets FB, BT and FT was 53, 90 and 184 ppm respectively. The mean monthly withers height gain was 1.55 (FB, 1.30 (BT and 1.27cm (FT and there was a significant difference between FB and FT diets.

  7. Alteração do crescimento e dos teores de nutrientes com utilização de fertilizante organomineral em cenoura

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    Jéssica Fernandes Kaseker

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available O uso de fertilizantes organominerais contendo extratos de algas é recente no Brasil. Em vista disso, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da aplicação foliar de fertilizante organomineral contendo extrato da alga Ascophyllum nodosum (Activo® no desenvolvimento e nos teores de nutrientes em cenoura. O experimento foi conduzido na área de olericultura da Universidade Federal do Paraná, no município de Pinhais, PR, no ano de 2009, em sistema orgânico, utilizando cultivar do tipo Nantes. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, e os tratamentos consistiram na aplicação de fertilizante organomineral à base de extrato de algas. Foi utilizado um esquema fatorial com duas doses (0,2 e 0,4% e duas épocas de aplicação (25 e 45 dias após o plantio, e um tratamento testemunha. As aplicações aumentaram a altura da parte aérea, o diâmetro radicular e o número de folhas, sendo esta variável também influenciada pela concentração. A produtividade aumentou com a aplicação do fertilizante organomineral, independentemente da concentração e da época de aplicação. Os teores nutricionais na parte aérea e nas raízes também foram alterados em decorrência das aplicações, sendo observada diminuição dos teores foliares de Cu e dos teores radiculares de N, Ca, Mg, Cu e Zn, possivelmente em função de efeito de diluição, pelo incremento da biomassa. Conclui-se que a aplicação do fertilizante organomineral contendo extrato de algas foi benéfica ao crescimento, desenvolvimento e produção das plantas de cenoura, o que resultou em diminuição na concentração de N, Ca, Mg, Cu e Zn na raiz e de Cu na parte aérea.

  8. Utilização de filmes plásticos e comestíveis na conservação pós-colheita de melão amarelo Utilization of PVC film and edible films to extend the postharvest conservation of yellow melons

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    Patrício F Batista

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo prolongar a vida pós-colheita de melões do tipo amarelo cv. AF-682, por meio da atmosfera modificada obtida com filme plástico de PVC e filmes comestíveis à base de cera de carnaúba (50% e fécula de mandioca (1, 2 e 3%. Para o revestimento dos frutos com embalagem plástica utilizou-se filme de PVC com 10 mm de espessura, aderente e esticável, colocado em camada única, na superfície de cada fruto. Após serem revestidos pelos filmes os frutos foram armazenados em temperatura ambiente de 29± 2ºC e 64±1% UR por 20 dias, sendo em intervalos de cinco dias submetidos às avaliações: massa individual, firmeza da polpa, teor de sólidos solúveis totais, acidez titulável e pH. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis repetições em esquema fatorial 6x4, sendo 6 tratamentos de conservação e 4 períodos de armazenamento. Nenhum dos tratamentos avaliados é recomendável para aumentar a conservação pós-colheita de melão amarelo. Os frutos revestidos com fécula de mandioca a 3% e filme de PVC apresentaram processo iniciais característicos de fermentação e podridão a partir de 15 dias de armazenamento em temperatura ambiente.This work aimed to extend the postharvest life of yellow melons cv. AF-682 through modified atmosphere techniques obtained with PVC film and edible films such as carnauba wax (50% and cassava starch (1, 2 and 3%. Fruits were wrapped with one layer of adherent and stretchable PVC film with 10 mm width. After covering, fruits were stored at 29± 2ºC and 64±1% UR for 20 days. At a 5-day interval, fruits were evaluated for individual weight, pulp firmness, total soluble solids content, titratable acidity and pH. The trial was carried out in a complete randomized design, with six replications in a factorial scheme 6x4, with six treatments and four storage periods. The use of PVC film and edible films are not recommended to extend postharvest conservation of

  9. Avaliação da qualidade físico-química e aceitabilidade de passas de pêssego submetidas à desidratação osmótica Evaluation of physico-chemical quality and acceptance of dried peaches submitted to osmotic dehydration

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    Renata Vieira da Mota

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os parâmetros de qualidade e a aceitabilidade de passas de pêssego submetidas à pré-secagem osmótica. Foram realizados três tratamentos, sendo dois para efeito comparativo, pêssegos não revestidos antes da desidratação osmótica (Tratamento 1 e revestidos com cobertura de alginato (Tratamento 2 e um terceiro tratamento, sem revestimento, com emprego de conservante químico na solução osmótica para verificar a conservação da passa à temperatura ambiente. Os frutos foram branqueados, desidratados osmoticamente em solução de sacarose a 60°Brix a 45°C por 5 horas e secos em estufa ventilada a 65°C até umidade final de 22% determinada pelo controle de peso. A cobertura com alginato reduziu a incorporação de sólidos e aumentou a perda de umidade. As passas elaboradas nos Tratamentos 1 e 2 foram submetidas à avaliação sensorial, tendo apresentado boa aceitação geral. Os frutos armazenados à temperatura ambiente apresentaram contaminação microbiológica após 40 dias independentemente do tipo de embalagem utilizada (saco plástico, embalagem de polietileno ou celofane, enquanto as passas elaboradas com conservante (Tratamento 3 não apresentaram sintomas visuais de crescimento microbiano nesse mesmo período.The present work had as objective the evaluation of quality parameters and acceptance of dried peaches submitted to osmotic dehydration. The experiment was divided into three treatments, two of them to be compared, non-coated peaches before osmotic dehydration (Treatment 1 and peaches coated with alginate (Treatment 2 and a third treatment of non-coated peaches with chemical preservatives applied in the osmotic solution to evaluate the conservation of the product at environment temperature. Fruits were blanched, osmotic dehydrated in 60°Brix sucrose solution at 45°C for 5 hours and dried in an upward air-circulated drier at 65°C to 22% moisture by weight control. Results

  10. Comportamento ingestivo em caprinos alimentados com dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar tratada com óxido de cálcio Ingestive behavior in goats fed diets containing sugar cane treated with calcium oxide

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    Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do tratamento da cana-de-açúcar com óxido de cálcio (CaO sobre o comportamento ingestivo em caprinos. Foram utilizados oito caprinos da raça Saanen, machos castrados, com peso corporal médio de 22,6 kg e 4 meses de idade, distribuídos em dois quadrados latinos 4 × 4, com quatro períodos experimentais de 14 dias. Os animais foram mantidos em baias individuais de 1,2 m², com piso ripado de madeira, providas de comedouros e bebedouros individuais. As dietas foram formuladas para ser isoproteicas e conter 14% de proteína bruta (PB e apresentaram 70% de cana-de-açúcar tratada com 0; 0,75; 1,5 ou 2,25% de óxido de cálcio (com base na matéria natural corrigida com 1% de ureia e 30% de concentrado fornecidas a vontade. A cana-de-açúcar com a adição das doses de óxido de cálcio, foi triturada em desintegradora estacionária, pesada e acondicionada em baldes plásticos de 50 L, tratada com o óxido de cálcio e fornecida aos animais após 24 horas de armazenamento. Os tempos despendidos em alimentação, ruminação (min/dia, min/kg MS e min/kg FDN e ócio (min/dia não foram afetados pela adição de óxido de cálcio à cana-de-açúcar. A adição de óxido de cálcio à cana-de-açúcar não influenciou a eficiência em alimentação e ruminação, mas provocou redução do tempo médio despendido por período de alimentação. O comportamento ingestivo de caprinos em crescimento não é afetado pela utilização de dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar tratada com até 2,25% de óxido de cálcio.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of sugar cane treated with calcium oxide (CaO on ingestive behavior in goats. It was used eight castrated male Saanen goats, with 22.6 kg average body weight and at four months of age, distributed in two 4 × 4 Latin squares, with four 14-day experimental periods. The animals were kept in individual 1.2-m² stalls, with wood battened floor, provided with

  11. Reduction in oxidative stress levels in the colonic mucosa without fecal stream after the application of enemas containing aqueous Ilex paraguariensis extract Redução dos níveis de estresse oxidativo na mucosa cólica sem trânsito intestinal após aplicação de enemas contendo extrato aquoso de Ilex paraguariensis

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    Fernando Lorenzetti da Cunha

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available PURPOSE: To evaluate the antioxidant effects of enemas containing aqueous extract of Ilex paraguariensis, comparing segments with and without fecal stream and correlating the segments with the duration of intervention. METHODS: Twenty-six Wistar rats were subjected to a diversion of the fecal stream in the left colon by a proximal colostomy and distal mucosal fistula. The rats were distributed randomly into two experimental groups of 13 animals each based on the time of sacrifice after surgical procedure (two or four weeks. Each group was then divided into two experimental subgroups that received either second daily enemas containing 0.9% saline solution or aqueous extract of Ilex paraguariensis at 0.2g/100g. Colitis was diagnosed by histopathological analysis and the detection of oxidative tissue damage by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the tissue levels of malondialdehyde between colon segments with and without fecal stream in each experimental group, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to verify the variance between the levels of oxidative stress according the duration of the irrigation; both tests determined significance at 5% (pOBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos antioxidantes de clisteres contendo extrato aquoso de Ilex paraguariensis comparando segmentos com e sem trânsito fecal e correlacionando com o tempo de intervenção. MÉTODOS: Vinte e seis ratos Wistar machos foram submetidos à derivação do trânsito no cólon esquerdo pela confecção de colostomia proximal e fístula mucosa distal. Foram divididos de forma randomizada em dois grupos experimentais de 13 animais, de acordo com o sacrifício ser realizado após duas ou quatro semanas do procedimento cirúrgico. Cada grupo foi dividido em dois subgrupos experimentais segundo a aplicação diária ter sido realizada com enemas diários contendo solução fisiológica a 0,9% ou extrato aquoso de Ilex paraguariensis na concentra

  12. Efeitos da angiotensina-I e isquemia na recuperação funcional em corações isolados Effects of angiotensin-I and ischemia on functional recovery in isolated hearts

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    Ubirajara Oliveira de Oliveira

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A ressuscitação de parada cardíaca pode apresentar disfunção miocárdica determinada pelo tempo da isquemia, e a inibição da enzima conversora de angiotensina (ECA pode reduzir a disfunção cardíaca durante a reperfusão. OBJETIVO: Investigar os efeitos da angiotensina-I e diferentes períodos de isquemia na recuperação funcional em corações de ratos isolados. MÉTODOS: Os corações isolados de ratos Wistar (n = 45; 250-300 g foram submetidos a diferentes períodos de isquemia global (20, 25 ou 30 min e reperfundidos (30 min com o tampão Krebs-Henseleit, ou com a adição de 400 nmol/L de angiotensina-I, ou com 400 nmol/L de angiotensina-I + 100 µmol/L de captopril durante o período de reperfusão. RESULTADOS: A derivada positiva máxima de pressão (+dP/dt max e o produto frequência-pressão foram reduzidos nos corações expostos à isquemia de 25 min (~ 73% e à isquemia de 30 min (~ 80% vs. isquemia de 20 min. A pressão diastólica final do ventrículo esquerdo (PDFVE e a pressão de perfusão (PP foram aumentadas nos corações expostos à isquemia de 25 min (5,5 e 1,08 vezes, respectivamente e à isquemia de 30 min (6 e 1,10 vezes, respectivamente vs. isquemia de 20 min. A angiotensina-I ocasionou uma diminuição no +dP/dt max e no produto frequência-pressão (~ 85-94% em todos os períodos de isquemia e um aumento na PDFVE e na PP (6,9 e 1,25 vezes, respectivamente apenas na isquemia de 20 min. O captopril foi capaz de reverter parcial ou completamente os efeitos da angiotensina-I na recuperação funcional nas isquemias de 20 e 25 min CONCLUSÃO: Os dados sugerem que a angiotensina-II participa direta ou indiretamente no dano pós-isquêmico e que a capacidade de um inibidor da ECA atenuar esse dano depende do tempo de isquemia.BACKGROUND: Cardiac arrest resuscitation can present myocardial dysfunction determined by ischemic time, and inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE can reduce cardiac

  13. Condições de estabilidade para preparações magistrais contendo clorexidina

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    Paula Martinez Rodrigue

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available The mouthwash containing chlorhexidine (CHX is a solution and aims to complement the oral hygiene. It is considered standard for judging of antimicrobial effectiveness compared to other chemical agents in dentistry. CHX used in low concentrations it has a bacteriostatic and bactericidal high. The mouthwash consisting of CHX has some side effects, including blackening of the teeth, tongue and resets, burning mouth and changes in taste and to reverse the process, no need of stopping treatment. There are several factors that may interfere with the stability of CHX, including pH, light, and presence of substances with anionic character in the composition and packing in containers inadequate. His prolonged substantivity accounts for their effectiveness, with a view that can be retained in the oral cavity for up to 12 hours. CHX has been considered an antimicrobial agent is extremely important to present many advantages, among them non-toxic and safety in addition to presenting properties fungicide, algicide and virucidal. The validity of a extemporaneous preparation containing CHX may be estimated at about six months, provided that all the conditions of stability of the active substance, among which stand out the pH of the final product should be between 5.5 and 7.0 avoiding chemical incompatibilities with other components of the solution, and the packing in plastic amber PET. Finally, it is suggested that extemporaneous solutions containing CHX can be effective in treating periodontal diseases, since the conditions for stability, packaging and storage.

  14. Cementation of wastes with boric acid; Cimentacao de rejeitos contendo acido borico

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tello, Cledola C.O.; Haucz, Maria Judite A. [Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear (CDTN), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); Alves, Lilian J.L.; Oliveira, Arno H. [Minas Gerais Univ., Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia Nuclear

    2000-07-01

    In nuclear power plants (PWR) are generated wastes, such as concentrate, which comes from the evaporation of liquid radioactive wastes, and spent resins. Both have boron in their composition. The cementation process is one of the options to solidify these wastes, but the boron has a negative effect on the setting of the cement mixture. In this paper are presented the experiments that are being carried out in order to overcome this problem and also to improve the efficiency of the process. Simulated wastes were cemented using additives (clays, admixtures etc.). In the process and product is being evaluated the effect of the amount, type and addition order of the materials. The mixtures were selected in accordance with their workability and incorporated waste. The solidified products are monolithic without free water with a good mechanical resistance. (author)

  15. Estimativa da produtividade em soldagem pelo Método de Monte Carlo Productivity estimation in welding by Monte Carlo Method

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    José Luiz Ferreira Martins

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é o de analisar a viabilidade da utilização do método de Monte Carlo para estimar a produtividade na soldagem de tubulações industriais de aço carbono com base em amostras pequenas. O estudo foi realizado através de uma análise de uma amostra de referência contendo dados de produtividade de 160 juntas soldadas pelo processo Eletrodo Revestido na REDUC (refinaria de Duque de Caxias, utilizando o software ControlTub 5.3. A partir desses dados foram retiradas de forma aleatória, amostras com, respectivamente, 10, 15 e 20 elementos e executadas simulações pelo método de Monte Carlo. Comparando-se os resultados da amostra com 160 elementos e os dados gerados por simulação se observa que bons resultados podem ser obtidos usando o método de Monte Carlo para estimativa da produtividade da soldagem. Por outro lado, na indústria da construção brasileira o valor da média de produtividade é normalmente usado como um indicador de produtividade e é baseado em dados históricos de outros projetos coletados e avaliados somente após a conclusão do projeto, o que é uma limitação. Este artigo apresenta uma ferramenta para avaliação da execução em tempo real, permitindo ajustes nas estimativas e monitoramento de produtividade durante o empreendimento. Da mesma forma, em licitações, orçamentos e estimativas de prazo, a utilização desta técnica permite a adoção de outras estimativas diferentes da produtividade média, que é comumente usada e como alternativa, se sugerem três critérios: produtividade otimista, média e pessimista.The aim of this article is to analyze the feasibility of using Monte Carlo method to estimate productivity in industrial pipes welding of carbon steel based on small samples. The study was carried out through an analysis of a reference sample containing productivity data of 160 welded joints by SMAW process in REDUC (Duque de Caxias Refinery, using ControlTub 5.3 software

  16. Desempenho de frangos de corte alimentados com rações contendo diferentes níveis de cálcio suplementadas com fitase Performance of broilers fed diets with different calcium levels and supplemented with phytase

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniella Carolina Zanardo Donato

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available Um experimento foi conduzido para avaliar o efeito de rações contendo diferentes níveis de cálcio e suplementadas com fitase sobre o desempenho de frangos de corte nas fases inicial (1 a 21 dias, de crescimento (22 a 35 dias e final (36 a 42 dias. Foram utilizados 2.160 pintos de corte machos da linhagem AG Ross 308, de 1 a 42 dias de idade, distribuídos em 6 tratamentos, cada um com 6 repetições. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 × 2, com 3 níveis de fitase (0, 600 e 1.200 ftu/kg e 2 de cálcio (0,94 e 0,66%; 0,84 e 0,59%; e 0,78 e 0,54% para as fases inicial, de crescimento e final, respectivamente. As rações experimentais ainda tinham níveis reduzidos de fósforo disponível e níveis mínimos de proteína bruta. Ao final de cada fase, avaliaram-se o ganho de peso, o consumo de ração, a conversão alimentar e a mortalidade. Houve interação entre os níveis de fitase e de cálcio estudados para ganho de peso, consumo de ração e mortalidade nas três fases avaliadas. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos com a suplementação de fitase no nível de 1.200 ftu/kg de ração em associação aos menores níveis de cálcio. Nenhum resultado significativo foi observado para conversão alimentar. Os níveis nutricionais de cálcio podem ser reduzidos em 30% em dietas com baixos níveis de fósforo disponível e níveis mínimos de proteína bruta, desde que as dietas sejam suplementadas com 1.200 ftu/kg de fitase.An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of diets with different calcium levels and supplemented with phytase on the performance of broiler chickens in initial (1 to 21 days of age, growing (22 to 35 days of age and final (36 to 42 days of age phases. Two thousand one hundred and sixty male broilers from AG Ross 308 line, from 1 to 42 days old were distributed in 6 treatments, with 6 replicates each. A completely randomized design in a 3 × 2 factorial scheme was used

  17. A 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study of structural and organisational changes in the cell

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tunnah, Susan K.

    2000-01-01

    Increasing importance is being placed on understanding the role of membrane lipids in many different areas of biochemistry. It is of interest to determine what interactions may occur between membrane lipids and drug species. Furthermore, an increasing body of evidence suggests that membrane lipids are involved in the pathology of numerous diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and HIV. Clearly, the more information available on the mechanisms involved in diseases, the greater the potential for identifying a cure or even a prevention. 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to study the alterations in membrane lipid organisation and structure in intact, viable cultured cells. Changes in the 1 H NMR spectra and the spin-lattice relaxation measurements of the human K562 and the rat FRTL-5 cell lines were observed on the addition of the fatty acid species: triolein, evening primrose oil, arachidonic acid and ITF 1779. Results indicate that the membrane lipids are reorganised to accommodate the interpolation of these molecules. The spatial arrangement adopted by each of these species appeared to dictate its effect on the lipids. Doxorubicin and menadione, both known to cause oxidative stress, were added to K562 cells. Although both agents are known to act by different mechanisms, the NMR data and scanning electron microscopy suggested that both caused similar alterations in the membrane organisation and lipid fluidity. Protrusions were formed indicating areas of weakness in the membrane. Spin-echo NMR was employed to investigate the action of the thiol-containing compounds, penicillamine, captopril and N-acetylcysteine in erythrocytes under conditions of oxidative stress. Results indicate that while captopril acts as a free radical scavenger, penicillamine may act as either oxidant or reductant. N-acetylcysteine was observed to act as a reducing agent. (author)

  18. A {sup 1}H nuclear magnetic resonance study of structural and organisational changes in the cell

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tunnah, Susan K

    2000-07-01

    Increasing importance is being placed on understanding the role of membrane lipids in many different areas of biochemistry. It is of interest to determine what interactions may occur between membrane lipids and drug species. Furthermore, an increasing body of evidence suggests that membrane lipids are involved in the pathology of numerous diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and HIV. Clearly, the more information available on the mechanisms involved in diseases, the greater the potential for identifying a cure or even a prevention. {sup 1}H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to study the alterations in membrane lipid organisation and structure in intact, viable cultured cells. Changes in the {sup 1}H NMR spectra and the spin-lattice relaxation measurements of the human K562 and the rat FRTL-5 cell lines were observed on the addition of the fatty acid species: triolein, evening primrose oil, arachidonic acid and ITF 1779. Results indicate that the membrane lipids are reorganised to accommodate the interpolation of these molecules. The spatial arrangement adopted by each of these species appeared to dictate its effect on the lipids. Doxorubicin and menadione, both known to cause oxidative stress, were added to K562 cells. Although both agents are known to act by different mechanisms, the NMR data and scanning electron microscopy suggested that both caused similar alterations in the membrane organisation and lipid fluidity. Protrusions were formed indicating areas of weakness in the membrane. Spin-echo NMR was employed to investigate the action of the thiol-containing compounds, penicillamine, captopril and N-acetylcysteine in erythrocytes under conditions of oxidative stress. Results indicate that while captopril acts as a free radical scavenger, penicillamine may act as either oxidant or reductant. N-acetylcysteine was observed to act as a reducing agent. (author)

  19. Chronic excitotoxic lesion of the dorsal raphe nucleus induces sodium appetite

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    Cavalcante-Lima H.R.

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available We determined if the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN exerts tonic control of basal and stimulated sodium and water intake. Male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were microinjected with phosphate buffer (PB-DRN, N = 11 or 1 µg/0.2 µl, in a single dose, ibotenic acid (IBO-DRN, N = 9 to 10 through a guide cannula into the DRN and were observed for 21 days in order to measure basal sodium appetite and water intake and in the following situations: furosemide-induced sodium depletion (20 mg/kg, sc, 24 h before the experiment and a low dose of dietary captopril (1 mg/g chow. From the 6th day after ibotenic acid injection IBO-DRN rats showed an increase in sodium appetite (12.0 ± 2.3 to 22.3 ± 4.6 ml 0.3 M NaCl intake whereas PB-DRN did not exceed 2 ml (P < 0.001. Water intake was comparable in both groups. In addition to a higher dipsogenic response, sodium-depleted IBO-DRN animals displayed an increase of 0.3 M NaCl intake compared to PB-DRN (37.4 ± 3.8 vs 21.6 ± 3.9 ml 300 min after fluid offer, P < 0.001. Captopril added to chow caused an increase of 0.3 M NaCl intake during the first 2 days (IBO-DRN, 33.8 ± 4.3 and 32.5 ± 3.4 ml on day 1 and day 2, respectively, vs 20.2 ± 2.8 ml on day 0, P < 0.001. These data support the view that DRN, probably via ascending serotonergic system, tonically modulates sodium appetite under basal and sodium depletion conditions and/or after an increase in peripheral or brain angiotensin II.

  20. Diagnosis and treatment of primary aldosteronism. An analysis of 18 cases

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hiroi, Naoki; Yoshihara, Aya; Sue, Mariko

    2009-01-01

    Early diagnosis of primary aldosteronism (PA) is important because the worldwide prevalence of PA among unselected hypertensive patients is 5% to 15%. We examined the records of 18 patients with PA who were evaluated at Toho University Medical Center Omori Hospital. We analyzed the results of confirmatory testing and subtype differentiation among 18 patients (7 men and 11 women, mean age (mean±standard deviation (SD), 55.1±14.7 years) who had received a diagnosis of PA within the previous 2.5 years. On confirmatory testing of PA, the ratios of positive results on the furosemide-upright test, captopril-loading test, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test were 88.9, 69.2 and 68.8%, respectively. On subtype differentiation, among 14 patients who underwent ACTH-stimulated adrenal venous sampling (ACTH-AVS), 6 were found to have bilateral hyperaldosteronism (BHA) and 8 were found to have aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma (APA, 1 right and 7 left adenomas). In 2 of 4 patients who did not undergo ACTH-AVS, APA with right adenoma was diagnosed by abdominal CT scan and 131 I-adosterol scintigraphy, however, determination of PA subtype was not possible in the remaining 2 patients. Patients with APA underwent adrenalectomy, and spironolactone was administered to patients with BHA. The therapeutic effectiveness of adrenalectomy and spironolactone did not differ. The furosemide-upright test should be the first choice for definitive diagnosis of PA; the captopril-loading test and ACTH stimulation test should be regarded as secondary examinations. It is necessary to use more than one confirmatory test, because these tests sometimes result in false negatives. Abdominal CT scan is not always useful for localizing adrenal tumors; therefore, we suggest a combination of CT scan, 131 I-adosterol scintigraphy, and ACTH-AVS in determining the appropriate therapy. (author)

  1. Comportamiento de las crisis hipertensivas en el Área Intensiva Municipal de Centro Habana

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    Edrinson Alfredo Naranjo Casañas

    Full Text Available Introducción: la Hipertensión Arterial continúa siendo una de las enfermedades crónicas más comunes en nuestro país y el mundo, llegando a tener un rol protagónico como factor de riesgo importante para el padecimiento o agravamiento de otras enfermedades letales. Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento de las crisis hipertensivas en los pacientes ingresados en el Área Intensiva del Policlínico Docente "Dr. Joaquín Albarrán". Métodos: se realizó una investigación descriptiva, de corte transversal, en el período comprendido entre diciembre de 2010 a diciembre de 2012. El universo estuvo constituido por los 767 pacientes de 15 y más años de edad, de ambos sexos, que acudieron al Servicio de Urgencia del policlínico y requirieron ingreso en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Los resultados se mostraron en tablas estadísticas de frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: predominó el ingreso en los grupos de edades de 40-49 años (23,8 %, seguido del grupo de 60 y más (22,1 %. La principal modalidad de crisis se correspondió con las Urgencias Hipertensivas, 442 (57,6 %. El medicamento de mayor uso como tratamiento de la crisis fue el Captopril en tableta con un total de 562 (93,2 %. El principal órgano diana afectado fue el corazón. Conclusiones: el mayor número de ingresos se produjo en los pacientes de 40-49 años de edad con mayoría del sexo masculino; la modalidad de crisis hipertensiva que más se presentó fue las Urgencias Hipertensivas, y el medicamento de mayor uso como tratamiento fue el Captopril en tableta.

  2. Beneficial effects of Acer okamotoanum sap on L-NAME-induced hypertension-like symptoms in a rat model.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Hyun; Hwang, Inho; Koo, Tae-Hyoung; Ahn, Hyo-Jin; Kim, Sun; Park, Mi-Jin; Choi, Won-Sil; Kang, Ha-Young; Choi, In-Gyu; Choi, Kyung-Chul; Jeung, Eui-Bae

    2012-02-01

    The sap of Acer okamotoanum has been termed 'bone-benefit-water' in Korea owing to its mineral and sugar content. In particular, the calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) concentrations of the sap of Acer okamotoanum are 40- and 20-times higher, respectively, than commercial spring water. In the present study, we examined whether Acer okamotoanum sap improves or prevents hypertension-like symptoms in a rat model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (8-weeks-old) were provided commercial spring water supplemented with 25, 50 or 100% Acer okamotoanum sap, 3% potassium ions (K+) or captopril, and treated daily for 2 weeks with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 100 mg/kg/day) by subcutaneous injection, in order to induce hypertensive symptoms. Rats were euthanized 6 h following the final injection. To assess the effect of the sap on hypertension-like symptoms, we examined the mean blood pressure (BP), protein levels and localization of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the descending aorta of the rats. BP levels were significantly lower in hypertensive rats received 25, 50 and 100% sap compared with rats who were administered only commercial spring water. Protein levels of eNOS were repressed in L-NAME-only-treated rats, but were elevated in the descending aorta of rats administered captopril, K+ water and Acer okamotoanum sap (25, 50 and 100%) up to the level of the sham group provided commercial spring water, and then injected with dimethyl sulfoxide for the same period of time. Localized eNOS protein was abundantly expressed in the perivascular descending aorta adipose tissue of the rats. Taken together, these results demonstrated that the sap of Acer okamotoanum ameliorated high BP induced by L-NAME treatment in a rat model.

  3. Qishenyiqi protects ligation-induced left ventricular remodeling by attenuating inflammation and fibrosis via STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathway.

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    Chun Li

    Full Text Available AIM: Qi-shen-yi-qi (QSYQ, a formula used for the routine treatment of heart failure (HF in China, has been demonstrated to improve cardiac function through down-regulating the activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS. However, the mechanisms governing its therapeutic effects are largely unknown. The present study aims to demonstrate that QSYQ treatment can prevent left ventricular remodeling in heart failure by attenuating oxidative stress and inhabiting inflammation. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley (SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: sham group, model group (LAD coronary artery ligation, QSYQ group with high dosage, middle dosage and low dosage (LAD ligation and treated with QSYQ, and captopril group (LAD ligation and treated with captopril as the positive drug. Indicators of fibrosis (Masson, MMPs, and collagens and inflammation factors were detected 28 days after surgery. RESULTS: Results of hemodynamic alterations (dp/dt value in the model group as well as other ventricular remodeling (VR markers, such as MMP-2, MMP-9, collagen I and III elevated compared with sham group. VR was accompanied by activation of RAAS (angiotensin II and NADPHoxidase. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 in myocardial tissue were also up-regulated. Treatment of QSYQ improved cardiac remodeling through counter-acting the aforementioned events. The improvement of QSYQ was accompanied with a restoration of angiotensin II-NADPHoxidase-ROS-MMPs pathways. In addition, "therapeutic" QSYQ administration can reduce both TNF-α-NF-B and IL-6-STAT3 pathways, respectively, which further proves the beneficial effects of QSYQ. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that QSYQ protected LAD ligation-induced left VR via attenuating AngII -NADPH oxidase pathway and inhabiting inflammation. These findings provide evidence as to the cardiac protective efficacy of QSYQ to HF and explain the beneficial effects of QSYQ in the clinical application for HF.

  4. Possíveis interações medicamentosas entre os antihipertensivos e antidiabéticos em participantes do Grupo HIPERDIA de Parobé, RS (Uma análise teórica

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    Deise Margarete Duarte do Amaral

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Devido à alta incidência simultânea de hipertensão arterial sistêmica e diabetes mellitus, é comum encontrar pacientes que usam anti-hipertensivos e antidiabéticos simultaneamente. Desta forma, tornase importante identificar as possíveis interações medicamentosas no tratamento da hipertensão arterial e do diabetes e realizar manejo farmacoterapêutico adequado para evitar efeitos adversos graves ou até a morte. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar possíveis interações com os medicamentos antihipertensivos e antidiabéticos em participantes idosos do grupo HIPERDIA no município de Parobé/RS. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, observacional e transversal e foi realizado através de um questionário estruturado aplicado em 45 (39 idosos, 37 com interações medicamentosas participantes do programa HIPERDIA. Foram identificadas 144 possíveis interações medicamentosas, sendo 30% desejáveis e 70% indesejáveis. Destas indesejáveis, 85% classificadas como moderada com maior ocorrência da associação de captopril e ácido acetilsalicílico, 5% grave (interação de diurético de alça com digitálico e 10% leves. Das desejáveis, a associação de captopril e hidroclorotiazida teve maior ocorrência. Este estudo revelou um alto índice de possíveis interações medicamentosas em idosos participantes do programa HIPERDIA. A maioria das interações pode comprometer a segurança do paciente, evidenciando a relevância deste tema e a necessidade de avaliar e monitorar a terapêutica medicamentosa no idoso, no sentido de prevenir e diminuir as consequências dos efeitos decorrentes de potenciais interações medicamentosas.

  5. Effect of γ-aminobutyric acid and nattokinase-enriched fermented beans on the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive Wistar–Kyoto rats

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    Kanintra Suwanmanon

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available In this study we have evaluated the changes in arterial blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR caused by the short-term intake of Bacillus subtilis B060-fermented beans with significant γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA and nattokinase activity. After being weaned, 7-week-old male SHR and 7-week-old male Wistar–Kyoto (WKY rats were randomized into seven groups. Until the 8th week of life, the rats in each group were given one of the following: Group 1, high dose of GABA and nattokinase in the SHR (SHD; Group 2, medium dose of GABA and nattokinase in the SHR (SMD; Group 3, low dose of GABA and nattokinase in the SHR (SLD; Group 4, negative control in the SHR (SD; Group 5, positive control in the SHR (SM; Group 6, high dose of GABA and nattokinase in the WKY (WHD; and Group 7, negative control in the WKY (WD. Distilled water served as the negative control, and captopril (50 mg/kg, a known ACE inhibitor, served as the positive control. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure values were measured weekly from the 8th week to the 16th week of life using the tail-cuff method. A definite decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure values could be observed in the rats treated with captopril and in the rats that received GABA and nattokinase. The greatest antihypertensive effect was observed when the pharmacological treatment was administered. The effect of the daily intake of fermented beans containing GABA and nattokinase may be helpful in controlling blood pressure levels in hypertensive model animals. The fermentation of beans with B. subtilis B060 may therefore constitute a successful strategy for producing a functional food with antihypertensive activity.

  6. Effect of γ-aminobutyric acid and nattokinase-enriched fermented beans on the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Suwanmanon, Kanintra; Hsieh, Pao-Chuan

    2014-12-01

    In this study we have evaluated the changes in arterial blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) caused by the short-term intake of Bacillus subtilis B060-fermented beans with significant γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and nattokinase activity. After being weaned, 7-week-old male SHR and 7-week-old male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were randomized into seven groups. Until the 8 th week of life, the rats in each group were given one of the following: Group 1, high dose of GABA and nattokinase in the SHR (SHD); Group 2, medium dose of GABA and nattokinase in the SHR (SMD); Group 3, low dose of GABA and nattokinase in the SHR (SLD); Group 4, negative control in the SHR (SD); Group 5, positive control in the SHR (SM); Group 6, high dose of GABA and nattokinase in the WKY (WHD); and Group 7, negative control in the WKY (WD). Distilled water served as the negative control, and captopril (50 mg/kg), a known ACE inhibitor, served as the positive control. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure values were measured weekly from the 8 th week to the 16 th week of life using the tail-cuff method. A definite decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure values could be observed in the rats treated with captopril and in the rats that received GABA and nattokinase. The greatest antihypertensive effect was observed when the pharmacological treatment was administered. The effect of the daily intake of fermented beans containing GABA and nattokinase may be helpful in controlling blood pressure levels in hypertensive model animals. The fermentation of beans with B. subtilis B060 may therefore constitute a successful strategy for producing a functional food with antihypertensive activity. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.

  7. Renal oxygen content is increased in healthy subjects after angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition

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    Anna Stein

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: The association between renal hypoxia and the development of renal injury is well established. However, no adequate method currently exists to non-invasively measure functional changes in renal oxygenation in normal and injured patients. METHOD: R2* quantification was performed using renal blood oxygen level-dependent properties. Five healthy normotensive women (50±5.3 years underwent magnetic resonance imaging in a 1.5T Signa Excite HDx scanner (GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI. A multiple fast gradient-echo sequence was used to acquire R2*/T2* images (sixteen echoes from 2.1 ms/slice to 49.6 ms/slice in a single breath hold per location. The images were post-processed to generate R2* maps for quantification. Data were recorded before and at 30 minutes after the oral administration of an angiotensin II-converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril, 25 mg. The results were compared using an ANOVA for repeated measurements (mean + standard deviation followed by the Tukey test. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01545479. RESULTS: A significant difference (p<0.001 in renal oxygenation (R2* was observed in the cortex and medulla before and after captopril administration: right kidney, cortex = 11.08 ± 0.56ms, medulla = 17.21 ± 1.47ms and cortex = 10.30 ± 0.44ms, medulla = 16.06 ± 1.74ms, respectively; and left kidney, cortex= 11.79 ± 1.85ms, medulla = 17.03 ± 0.88ms and cortex = 10.89 ± 0.91ms, medulla = 16.43 ± 1.49ms, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This result suggests that the technique efficiently measured alterations in renal blood oxygenation after angiotensin II-converting enzyme inhibition and that it may provide a new strategy for identifying the early stages of renal disease and perhaps new therapeutic targets.

  8. Sal de iodônio aumenta a resistência coesiva de uma resina adesiva experimental na presença de solvente

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    Fernanda B. Leal

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo avaliou o efeito da concentração de solvente na resistência coesiva de um adesivo experimental contendo um derivado do difeniliodônio. Uma blenda monomérica baseada em Bis-GMA, TEGDMA e HEMA foi utilizada como resina adesiva modelo. Foram avaliados dois sistemas de fotoiniciação: um sistema bináriocanforquinona (CQ e etil 4-dimetilamino benzoato (EDAB] e um sistema ternário [CQ, EDAB e hexafluorfosfato de difeniliodônio (DPI]. Nestas resinas foram adicionadas diferentes concentrações de etanol, 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40% e teste de resistência coesiva foi utilizado para investigar o efeito deste solvente sobre as propriedades do material. A presença de solvente reduziu a resistência coesiva do polímero, independentemente do sistema de fotoiniciação utilizado. Além disso, o uso do sal de iodônio no sistema de fotoiniciação aumentou a resistência coesiva quando comparado com o sistema binário, e independentemente da concentração de solvente, a resistência coesiva dos polímeros contendo difeniliodônio foi superior à do sistema binário de fotoiniciação.

  9. Tamanho de amostra na parcela para caracterização da altura de plantas de algodoeiro herbáceo Gossypium hirsutum

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    Freitas Joelson André de

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Dados da altura individual de dez plantas, obtidos de dez experimentos instalados em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e quatro cultivares de algodoeiro herbáceo, foram estudados, para determinação do número mínimo de plantas/parcela, necessárias para caracterização da altura média de plantas de algodoeiro herbáceo. Foram estudados cinco tamanhos de amostra na parcela, cada uma, contendo 2, 4, 6, 8 e 10 plantas. Os coeficientes de variação experimental e amostral e as significâncias observadas nas análises de variâncias, indicaram que parcelas contendo seis ou mais plantas, permitiram boa caracterização do porte médio das variedades de algodoeiro testadas. Os resultados sugerem, portanto que, no processo de caracterização da altura média do algodoeiro herbáceo, a avaliação pode ser mais rápida, além de haver uma redução na mão-de-obra de coleta e manuseio dos dados, em decorrência de uma diminuição do número de plantas amostradas na parcela.

  10. Utilização de Jogos de Empresas Envolvendo Cadeia Logística - Um Enfoque Educacional

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    Rogerio Orlandeli

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho dispõe de uma análise do aproveitamento educacional na utilização de jogos de empresa, juntamente com a analise dos resultados de um jogo contendo o estudo de caso empresarial dinâmico, no qual o resultado é determinado por funções internas e interações externas entre empresas que competem em uma indústria hipotética, contendo um modelo econômico computacional próprio. O jogo analisado é um ambiente imaginário de negócios, em que os participantes podem praticar a arte e a ciência do planejamento e das decisões tomadas nos altos escalões de gerenciamento das empresas, envolvendo todo o processo logístico de produção. O mercado também é influenciado por variações econômicas e sazonais. O jogo se mostrou como uma ferramenta poderosa no processo de ensino, oferecendo estímulo emocional, fixando mais os conceitos e gerando conseqüências hipotéticas de decisões efetuadas, permitindo concluir-se que pode ser usado também com a finalidade de treinamento, seleção e pesquisa em empresas.

  11. Hyponatremic Hypertensive Syndrome in an Obese man with Renal Ischemia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Saeed, K.

    2006-01-01

    Renovascular hypertension occasionally manifests as an electrolyte disorder. The combination of hyponetrimia and renovascular hypertension occasionally manifests as an electrolyte disorder. The combination of hyponatremia and renovascular hypertension is known as hyponatremic-hypertensive syndrome. This syndrome was initially reported in children. Here we describe a 45 year-old Saudi man who was admitted to the hospital with generalized body weakness and inability to walk. He was confused and was noted to have severe hypertension and very low serum sodium and potassium. The patient was recently started on captopril for blood pressure control, which was discontinued because of deterioration renal function. Color Doppler renal ultrasound, and magnetic resonance angiography confirmed the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis. (author)

  12. Microestructuras producidas en la soldadura de unión de aceros para tuberías de gran diámetro

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    Salazar, M.

    1998-12-01

    Full Text Available This is an evaluation of the microstructure in the heat affected zone (HAZ of steel weldings used in pipe lines. The welding was made by shielding metal are welding. This is a welding process with multiple run and low heat input, however local brittle zones are present in the HAZ. These are originated by a complex mechanism that is influenced by welding parameters and chemical composition of the steel. The welding sequences that help to eliminate the local brittle zones are studied.

    En este trabajo se estudian las microestructuras producidas en la zona afectada por el calor (HAZ de la soldadura de unión en aceros utilizados en la construcción de poliductos. Se analizan las juntas obtenidas mediante soldadura manual con electrodo revestido. A pesar de que este es un proceso de soldadura con un bajo aporte térmico, se encuentran zonas frágiles locales que se originan por un mecanismo complejo influido por parámetros de soldadura y composición química del acero. Se analizan secuencias de soldaduras que ayuden a la desaparición de las mismas.

  13. CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE ARGAMASSAS PARA USO EM SISTEMAS DE VEDAÇÃO VERTICAL EXTERNO (SVVE

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    Vagner Arruda de Castro

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available A Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas publicou em maio de 2010 uma nova norma de desempenho, a NBR 15.575, referente as edificações de até cinco pavimentos. Essa norma trará impactos importantes a fabricantes de materiais, projetistas, construtoras e prestadores de serviços, portanto os laboratórios de construção civil, como o LCC do IFRN, devem estar atentos a implicações destas normas, buscando gerar conhecimento a cerca dos aspectos nela envolvida, quanto para estarem aptos a avaliarem os materiais de construção e os sistemas construtivos empregados nas edificações abordadas na norma. Dentro deste contexto este artigo pretende caracterizar argamassas de revestimento para uso em sistema de vedação vertical externo (SVVE compostos de blocos cerâmicos, revestidos com argamassas em diferentes composições, visando propor inovações tecnológicas aplicados ao processo de produção de SVVE, objetivando a melhoria de desempenho, qualidade e custo dos SVVE. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: argamassa de revestimento, sistemas de vedação vertical externo, propriedades no estado fresco.

  14. Aplicación de la soldadura húmeda, mediante la simulación de un proceso de electrodo revestido bajo agua

    OpenAIRE

    Peña Estrella, Julian; Mosquera Martinez, Paul

    2009-01-01

    La soldadura húmeda, ha sido un método muy utilizado desde hace ya algún tiempo en los diferentes trabajos submarinos en el mundo, sin embargo ha visto limitado su desarrollo debido a que se ejecuta en un medio tan perjudicial para la soldadura como lo es el agua, esto sumado a otros factores como la poca información disponible sobre el tema, y la falta de instituciones encargadas de formar profesionales en este campo (Buzo / Soldadores), hacen de la soldadura húmeda un método poco conocid...

  15. Análise de desempenho estrutural aplicada a paredes em painéis de madeira revestidos com elementos cerâmicos

    OpenAIRE

    Dias, Gustavo Lacerda

    2000-01-01

    Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Neste trabalho é apresentado um levantamento das técnicas construtivas específicas para aplicação de revestimento cerâmico em paredes de edificações em madeira, que são empregadas em países com ampla tradição em construções com base neste material. Tem o intuito de contribuir para o aprimoramento da tecnologia construtiva voltada ao setor madeireiro brasileiro. Aborda a análise de desempenho de elementos e...

  16. Compósitos de cimento - borracha de pneus: efeito da escória nas propriedades Tire rubber-cement composites: effect of slag on properties

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    N. Segre

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available Compósitos de cimento-borracha de pneus preparados com cimentos tipo I e contendo adições de três diferentes escórias foram estudados. Resistência à flexão, absorção de água e resistência ao ataque ácido foram investigadas. Um decréscimo no módulo de ruptura (MOR foi observado para todos os corpos de prova contendo borracha, quando comparados com os corpos de prova sem borracha (controles. Para as pastas controle e com borracha e argamassas controle, preparadas com cimento com escória, o MOR aumenta com o aumento da atividade hidráulica da escória utilizada, até valores indistinguíveis dos obtidos para as argamassas e pastas preparadas com cimento tipo I. Argamassas com borracha apresentaram valores de MOR independentes do cimento utilizado. Uma redução na sorção de água é observada para corpos de prova controle e contendo borracha, preparados com todos os cimentos contendo adição de escória, quando comparados com os corpos de prova preparados com cimento tipo I. Para corpos de prova de argamassa com borracha, quanto mais baixa é a basicidade da escória, menor é a sorção de água dos compósitos. Estes resultados indicam baixa porosidade e consequentemente uma melhor adesão entre a borracha e a matriz de cimento nestes corpos de prova. Além disso, uma velocidade menor de sorção de água é observada para os corpos de prova com borracha, com destaque para os corpos de prova com cimento que contém a escória menos básica, quando comparados com os controles. Resultados de ataque ácido aos corpos e prova de argamassas, preparadas com os cimentos contendo adição de escória, mostram que a susceptibilidade dos corpos de prova frente à degradação por ácido é governada não somente por aspectos microestruturais, como porosidade e permeabilidade, mas também por aspectos químicos, como diferenças na quantidade de álcalis presentes nas escórias ou quantidade de escória não reagida nos corpos de prova

  17. Performance, digestibility, microbial production and carcass characteristics of feedlot young bulls fed diets containing propolis=Desempenho, digestibilidade, produção microbiana e características de carcaça de bovinos confinados que receberam dietas contendo própolis

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    Eduardo Marostegan de Paula

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available The objective was to evaluate the effect of propolis-based products (PBP on performance, digestibility, microbial production and carcass characteristics of feedlot young bulls. Twenty-seven crossbred young bulls were used, with 353 ± 28 kg of body weight in a completely randomized experimental design, divided in three treatments: two diets with PBP with different dosages (PBP1= 0.018 mg g-1 and PBP2= 0.036 mg g-1 of total flavonoids in chrysin and control diet (CON. To determine total digestibility, the indigestible dry matter was used as an internal marker, while microbial production was estimated from purine derivatives in urine, collected by the spot method. The evaluated carcass characteristics were: hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, conformation, Longissimus muscle area, fat thickness, colour, texture, marbling, pH, cushion thickness and percentages of muscle, bone and fat. The studied variables were subjected to analysis of variance with 5% probability. The addition of propolis had no effect on DM and nutrients digestibility (except the ADF, which was higher or efficiency of microbial synthesis. Carcass characteristics were not affected by the experimental treatments. The PBP in the used dosages should be reviewed and higher dosages should be tested.Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de produtos à base de própolis (PBP sobre o desempenho, digestibilidade, produção microbiana e características de carcaça de bovinos confinados. Foram utilizados 27 bovinos com 353 ± 28 kg de peso corporal em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado dividido em três tratamentos: duas dietas contendo PBP em diferentes dosagens (PBP1 = 0.018 mg g-1 e PBP2 = 0.036 mg g-1 de flavonoides totais em crisina e dieta controle (CON sem adição de própolis. Para a determinação da digestibilidade total, a matéria seca indigestível foi usada como marcador interno, enquanto a produção microbiana foi estimada pelos derivados de purina na urina, coletadas

  18. Delaying farrowing using intravaginal devices impregnated with progestagen does not affect the proportion of piglets born alive O atraso do parto utilizando dispositivos intravaginais impregnados com progestágeno não afeta a proporção de leitões nascidos vivos

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    Gabriel Fernando Freling

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of progestagen intravaginal devices (IVDs in preventing parturition in sows by determining the effect of delaying parturition on the alive/total born piglets ratio. Evaluations of IVDs containing 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5g progesterone (P4 showed they were not effective in delaying parturition at any dosage tested. In a second experiment, seventy-five sows at day 112 of pregnancy were equally distributed (n=15 per group in the following treatments: prostaglandin (PGF2α; 250µg sodium cloprostenol; control group or PGF2α and simultaneous insertion of an IVD containing medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA for 48h. Control sows initiated labor 27.7±1.6h after PGF2α injection. The mean time (±SEM between PGF2α administration and parturition was 72.1±8.8h, 72.7±3.8h, 82.7±7.1h and 81.8±3.5h for MPA 100, 200, 400 and 800mg, respectively, differing from control group (P0.05. These findings confirm that IVDs impregnated with MPA can effectively prevent parturition in sows without affecting the alive/total born piglets ratio and therefore represent an alternative to avoid weekend farrowing in swine herds.O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficiência de dispositivos intravaginais (DIVs contendo progestágeno na prevenção do parto e determinar o efeito do atraso do parto sobre a proporção de leitões vivos/nascidos totais. DIVs contendo 0,5, 1,0 ou 1,5g de progesterona (P4 não foram eficientes na prevenção do parto em nenhuma das doses. No experimento 2, setenta e cinco porcas aos 112 dias de gestação foram equilibradamente distribuídas (n=15 por grupo nos seguintes tratamentos: prostaglandina (PGF2α; 250µg cloprostenol sódico; grupo controle ou PGF2α e simultânea inserção de DIV contendo acetato de medroxiprogesterona (MAP por 48h. Fêmeas do grupo controle iniciaram o parto 27,7±1,6h após injeção de PGF2α. O tempo médio entre a administração de PGF2α e início do

  19. Capim-elefante amonizado e farelo de cacau ou torta de dendê em dietas para ovinos em crescimento Amnonizated elephant grass and cocoa meal or palm kernel cake in growing sheep diet

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    Herymá Giovane de Oliveira Silva

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available Estudou-se o efeito da amonização do capim-elefante e da substituição parcial do concentrado padrão, à base de milho e farelo de soja, por concentrados contendo farelo de cacau ou torta de dendê sobre o desempenho de ovinos. Utilizaram-se 18 ovinos machos não-castrados da raça Santa Inês, com peso corporal médio de 22,6 kg, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 × 3 com três repetições. O período experimental teve duração de 77 dias: 14 dias de adaptação e três períodos de 21 dias para coleta dos dados. As dietas foram compostas de 60% de volumoso (silagem de capim-elefante não tratado ou tratado com uréia e 40% de concentrado. Utilizaram-se três concentrados, um à base de milho e farelo de soja, outro contendo milho, farelo de soja e farelo de cacau e outro contendo milho, farelo de soja e torta de dendê. Os consumos de matéria seca em %PC foram menores entre os animais alimentados com concentrado contendo torta de dendê, entretanto, não houve diferença entre o concentrado padrão e aquele com farelo de cacau nem entre os volumosos. Também não houve interação volumoso × concentrado. O ganho de peso foi maior nos animais alimentados com o capim-elefante amonizado. A lucratividade parcial por kg de ganho de peso elevou com a amonização do capim-elefante e reduziu com a inclusão dos subprodutos no concentrado.The effect of ammonization of elephant grass and the partial substitution of the standard concentrate based on corn and soybean meal by concentrates containing cocoa meal or palm cake on sheep performance was evaluated. A total of 18 Santa Inês male sheep, with average 22.6 kg BW, was allotted to a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangment with three replications. The experimental period consisted of 77 days, with 14 days for adaptation and three periods of 21 days for data collection. The diets constituted of 60% forage (elephant grass no

  20. Metabolismo do ferro em suínos recebendo dietas contendo fitase, níveis reduzidos de fósforo inorgânico e sem suplemento micromineral e vitamínico Iron metabolism in swine fed phytase-added diets without mineral vitamin supplement and reduced inorganic phosphorus

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    Renzo Freire de Almeida

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o metabolismo do ferro por meio da determinação do eritrograma, contagem de reticulócitos, dosagem de ferro sérico, ferritina sérica e transferrina sérica de suínos em fase de terminação alimentados com dietas contendo fitase, sem suplemento micromineral/vitamínico e redução dos níveis de fósforo inorgânico (Pi. Foram utilizadas 48 fêmeas suínas de linhagem comercial, com peso inicial de 60kg, distribuídas em seis tratamentos com oito animais em cada grupo. A colheita de sangue foi feita em um grupo de 24 animais com 100kg e em outro grupo de 24 animais com 120kg. Não foram observadas diferenças (P>0,05 nos valores obtidos do eritrograma, da contagem de reticulócitos, de ferro sérico e de transferrina para os animais nos tratamentos testados. Com relação à ferritina, verificou-se que os animais até os 100kg de peso vivo que receberam ração sem suplemento micromineral/vitamínico, sem fósforo inorgânico e com fitase apresentaram valores superiores (PThis research was aimed at evaluating the effect of mineral-vitamin supplement withdrawal associated to reduction of inorganic phosphorus level and addition of phytase in feed on iron metabolism of finishing-phase pigs. Erythrocyte and reticulocyte count, serum iron, ferritin and transferrin quantification was performed. Forty eight hybrid swine females with initial average weight of 60kg were allotted to a completely randomized experimental design with six with four replications of two animals each. Blood was drawn from a group of twenty four 100kg animals and from a second group of twenty four 120kg animals. No differences (P>0.05 were observed in erythrocyte and reticulocyte count or serum iron and transferrin quantification. However, ferritin levels were increased in 100kg animals fed basal feed without mineral/vitamin supplement and inorganic phosphorus with phytase when compared to animals fed basal feed

  1. Estudo do efeito da incorporação de plastificante de fonte renovável em compostos de PVC

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    Derval dos Santos Rosa

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available O acúmulo de resíduos poliméricos tem crescido nos últimos anos e os subsolos dos lixões já estão saturados com resíduos plásticos. Isso possivelmente se deve à elevada produção de resíduos sólidos de plásticos (cerca de 25 mil t/dia em 2008, segundo a Lei de Resíduos. Em vista disso, este trabalho apresenta uma análise comparativa do estudo do potencial de (biodegradação de compostos de PVC utilizando um plastificante de origem vegetal renovável (PFR com estrutura de éster de milho com massa molar 296,5 g.mol- 1 e dois plastificantes sintéticos, ftalato de dioctila (DOP e adipato de dioctila (DOA, buscando inovar na obtenção de um composto de PVC com um plastificante de fonte renovável. Os resultados de FTIR evidenciaram maior interação do PFR com a resina de PVC para o teor de 30 phr, e para o teor de 40 phr observou-se que os plastificantes DOP e PFR apresentaram os mesmos valores de variação da banda atática. Já os ensaios mecânicos reforçaram os resultados de FTIR com maior compatibilidade para as composições contendo PFR. Uma maior estabilidade térmica no composto de PVC foi observada por TGA para a amostra contendo 40 phr de DOA, o que foi confirmado por RMN, e para a amostra com PFR nos teores de 30 e 40 phr. Por fim, uma perda significativa de massa foi observada nos ensaios de resistência à extração por solvente para os compostos contendo DOA, sendo que a amostra com 30 phr mostrou menor valor de extração. A biodegradação em solo simulado mostrou maior perda de massa para as amostras plastificadas com DOA (40phr e PFR (40phr. Isso indica que é viável usar plastificante de fonte renovável nos compostos de PVC, devido à compatibilidade deste com esta resina.

  2. Associative learning in wild Anastrepha obliqua females (Diptera, Tephritidae related to a protein source Aprendizagem associativa em fêmeas selvagens de Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera, Tephritidae em relação a uma fonte protéica

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    Carla Cresoni-Pereira

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available The aim of the present study was to determine whether wild adult Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart, 1835 females are able to associate a compound (quinine sulphate - QS not related to their habitual diet with a protein-enriched food. Females were first fed on diets based on brewer yeast and sucrose containing or not QS. The groups were then allowed to choose between their original diets and a diet with or without QS, depending on the previous treatment, and between a diet based on agar and a diet containing agar and QS. When the nutritional value of the diets was adequate, the females did not show any preference for the diet with or without QS. With respect to the agar diet and the agar + QS diet, females previously fed on a nutritive diet containing QS preferred the diet containing QS, indicating an association between the compound and the nutritional value of the diet. The importance of this behavioral strategy is discussed.O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar se fêmeas adultas selvagens de Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart, 1835 são capazes de associar um composto (sulfato de quinino-SQ não-relacionado à sua dieta habitual com um alimento rico em proteínas. Primeiro, as fêmeas foram alimentadas com dietas à base de lêvedo de cerveja e sacarose contendo ou não SQ. Os grupos foram então colocados para escolher entre sua dieta original e dietas com ou sem SQ, dependendo do tratamento prévio, e entre uma dieta à base de agar somente e outra à base de agar e SQ. Quando o valor nutricional das dietas era adequado, as fêmeas não mostraram nenhuma preferência para a dieta com ou sem SQ. Em relação às dietas de agar e agar+SQ, fêmeas previamente alimentadas com uma dieta nutritiva contendo SQ preferiram a dieta contendo SQ, indicando uma associação entre o composto e o valor nutricional da dieta. A importância desta estratégia comportamental é discutida.

  3. Avaliação da biomassa foliar de morangueiro hidropônico em diferentes ambientes protegidos Leaf biomass evaluation of hydroponic strawberry in greenhouses

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    Edilson Costa

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Realizaram-se experimentos na Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola na Universidade Estadual de Campinas, utilizando quatro cultivares de morangueiro [Fragaria x ananassa (Weston Duchesne ex Rozier], quatro sistemas de produção hidropônica (canal de 100mm, canal de 150mm, canal de 150mm, com vaso contendo fibra de coco e tubo vertical contendo casca de arroz carbonizada e três ambientes protegidos (casa-de-vegetação sem resfriamento evaporativo do ar e sem injeção aérea de CO2, casa-de-vegetação com injeção aérea de CO2 e sem resfriamento evaporativo do ar e casa-de-vegetação com injeção aérea de CO2 e resfriamento evaporativo do ar. Foram avaliados os parâmetros foliares massa fresca foliar (MFF e massa seca foliar (MSF em gramas e área foliar (AF em mm², correlacionando à biomassa da planta. O melhor sistema foi o de canais de 150mm com vaso contendo fibra de coco. O melhor ambiente foi o de resfriamento evaporativo do ar e injeção aérea de CO2.Analyses were made in the experimental field of the Agricultural Engineering College at State University of Campinas (Unicamp. Four varieties of strawberry [Fragaria x ananassa (Weston Duchesne ex Rozier] were tested in four hydroponics production systems (100mm and 150mm channels and 150mm channel with a vase containing coconut fiber and a vertical pipe containing carbonized rice rusk. Three greenhouses were tested: i a greenhouse without air evaporative cooling nor CO2 aerial injection, ii a greenhouse with CO2 aerial injection and without air evaporative cooling and iii a greenhouse with CO2 aerial injection and air evaporative cooling. It was analyzed the leaf fresh (MFF and dry mass in gram (MSF and the leaf area in mm² (AF. The best hydroponics system was 150mm channel with a vase containing coconut fiber. The best environment condition was the one with air evaporative cooling and aerial injection of CO2.

  4. Avaliação do efeito fisiológico da farinha de semente de abóbora (Cucurbita maxima, L. no trato intestinal de ratos Evaluation of the pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima, L. seed flour effects on the intestinal tract of rats

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    Matilde Pumar

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito fisiológico da Farinha de Semente de Abóbora (FSA no trato intestinal de ratos Wistar machos recém desmamados, submetidos a dietas experimentais contendo Farinhas de Semente de Abóbora (FSAs integral, peneirada e residual, por 10 dias. As dietas experimentais foram obtidas substituindo-se 30% do valor total de amido e dextrina, da ração controle, pela FSA correspondente. As farinhas e rações controle e experimentais foram caracterizadas quimicamente. Os animais divididos em grupos foram avaliados quanto ao crescimento, consumo, material fecal e pH cecal. As FSAs e rações experimentais apresentaram relevantes teores de fibras alimentares, proteínas e lipídios. Dietas contendo FSAs integral, peneirada e residual levaram a um ganho ponderal e ingestão similar entre todos os grupos. Em relação ao grupo controle, os animais experimentais submetidos a dietas contendo FSAs apresentaram maior volume e peso fecais (p This study has the aim to evaluate the physiological effects of the Pumpkin Seed Flour (PSF on the intestinal tract of newly weaned male Wistar rats fed on diets containing whole Sifted and Residual - PSF for ten days. The experimental diets were prepared substituting 30% of the total content of starch and dextrin of the control diet for the corresponding PSF. The control and the experimental diets were chemically characterized. The animals were divided into four groups in order to evaluate growth, ingestion, feces, and cecal pH. The PSFs and the experimental diets presented high contents of alimentary fibers, proteins, and lipids. Similar ingestions of diets containing whole Sifted and Residual - PSF resulted in body weight gain. Rats on diets containing PSFs showed higher feces volume and weight (p > 0.05 in addition to an expressive insoluble fiber excretion, especially in the Residual - PSF group. Only the Residual PSF presented a significant reduction (p < 0.05 in the

  5. Desempenho e características de carcaça de cordeiros alimentados em comedouros privativos recebendo rações contendo semente de girassol Performance and carcass traits of lambs fed diets containing sunflower seed in creep feeding

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    Vicente de Paulo Macedo

    2008-11-01

    Full Text Available Avaliaram-se o desempenho e as características quali e quantitativas da carcaça de cordeiros alimentados com ração contendo semente de girassol. Utilizaram-se 16 cordeiros distribuídos aleatoriamente em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos (0,00; 6,60; 13,20 ou 19,80% de semente de girassol na matéria natural, cada um com quatro repetições, totalizando 16 cordeiros. As dietas continham 2,65; 2,78; 2,89 e 2,93 Mcal/kg de energia metabolizável e 18,38; 18,75; 19,98 e 21,18% de proteína bruta, respectivamente, e foi fornecida ad libitum. Os cordeiros foram pesados a cada 14 dias e mantidos com as ovelhas até atingirem 28 kg, quando foram abatidos, após jejum de sólidos por 18 horas, para obtenção do peso vivo ao abate e registro do peso da carcaça quente e do conteúdo gastrintestinal, utilizados no cálculo do peso de corpo vazio. As carcaças foram mantidas por 24 horas em câmara frigorífica em temperatura de 5ºC para obtenção do peso de carcaça fria. Os níveis de semente de girassol na dieta não afetaram as características de desempenho dos cordeiros. No entanto, os pesos de carcaça quente e de carcaça fria; os pesos de pescoço, baixo, paleta, costela descoberta, costela, lombo; e os rendimentos comerciais de carcaça e costela descoberta, costela, lombo, paleta, pescoço e baixo sofreram efeito da adição da semente de girassol. O fornecimento de semente de girassol na dieta não influencia as características qualitativas e morfométricas da carcaça de cordeiros.Performance and quantitative and qualitative carcass traits of lambs fed with diets containing sunflower seed were evaluated. Sixteen lambs were randomly distributed to a completely randomized design with four diets (0.00, 6.60, 13.20 or 19.80% of sunflower seed, % as fed, with 4 replications. The diets contained 2.65, 2.78, 2.89 and 2.93 Mcal / kg of metabolize energy and 18.38, 18.75, 19.98 and 21.18% crude protein

  6. Desempenho e características de carcaça de frangos de corte alimentados com dietas contendo farinha de resíduos do processamento de camarões (Litopeneaus vannamei - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v28i3.40 Utilization and effect of shrimp waste meal in the performance and characteristics of broiler (Litopeneaus Vannamei - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v28i3.40

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    Riviana Roberta de Souza Loureiro

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho zootécnico e as características de carcaça de frangos de corte, alimentados com dietas contendo farinha de resíduo do processamento de camarões (FC. Foram utilizados 240 pintos de um dia de idade, distribuídos em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, sendo 5 tratamentos (níveis de inclusão de FC: 0, 3, 6, 9 e 12% em rações a base de milho e farelo de soja com 4 repetições e 12 aves por unidade experimental. Os níveis de inclusão da FC proporcionaram efeito quadrático apenas para o ganho de peso, demonstrando que os melhores níveis de inclusão na dieta foram de 5,46% e 5,87%, nos períodos de 1 a 21 e 22 a 42 dias de idade, respectivamente, melhorando, inclusive, a pigmentação na carcaça das avesThis experiment was to evaluate the performance of broiler chickens feed with different levels of shrimp meal (SM in their diet. In this experiment 240 broiler chickens were distributed at a complete randomized design in five treatments and four replications of 12 broiler chickens per experimental unit. The levels of SM were 0, 3, 6, 9 e 12% added to zea mays and soybean-meal ration based. These rations were fed to 1-day-old broiler chicks for 6 weeks (3 weeks of starter rations and 3 weeks of finished ration. Only the weight gain presented significant difference with effects on shrimp meal levels in the ration. The shrimp waste meal (Litopenaeus vannamei resulted in a quadratic effect (P<0.05, where the best level included was 5.46 and 5.87% for 1-21 and 22-42 day-old, respectively. The increasing levels of SM inclusion improved the pigmentation of the birds’ food-pad

  7. Desenvolvimento de nanocápsulas de poli-ε-caprolactona contendo o herbicida atrazina

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    Patrícia Moraes Sinohara Souza

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available In this study, polymeric nanocapsules of PCL containing the herbicide atrazine were prepared. In order to optimize the preparation conditions, a 2³ factorial design was performed using different formulations of nanocapsules, which investigated the influence of three variables at two levels. The factors varied were the quantities of PCL, Span 60 and Myritol. The results were evaluated considering the size, polydispersity, zeta potential and association rate and the measures of these parameters were taken immediately after preparation and after 30 days of preparation. The formulations with minimum level of polymer in the preparation showed better stability results.

  8. Uso de biofertilizante na produção de mudas de repolho

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cinthia Röder

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available RESUMOA utilização de produtos biofertilizantes, como fermentados bacterianos, contendo aminoácidos, é pouco estudada na produção de mudas de hortaliças, especialmente no sistema orgânico. Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação foliar de um fermentado bacteriano do melaço da cana, contendo 30% do aminoácido ácido L-glutâmico, no desenvolvimento de mudas de repolho. Os tratamentos, constituídos por quatro repetições, eram compostos por concentrações do fermentado (0; 0,1; 0,2; 0,4 e 0,8 mL L-1aplicadas nas folhas, em intervalos de sete ou de 14 dias. Aos 35 dias após a semeadura, foram determinados o índice relativo de clorofila, a área foliar e o volume do sistema radicular. O fermentado bacteriano promoveu incrementos do índice relativo de clorofila, da área foliar e do volume radicular, quando aplicado com intervalos de 14 dias, e incremento do volume radicular, quando aplicado com intervalos de sete dias. Ocorreu redução da área foliar, quando aplicado em concentrações superiores a 0,2 ml L-1, com intervalos de sete dias. O biofertilizante incrementa o desenvolvimento de mudas de repolho.

  9. OBTENÇÃO DE PLANTAS DE LIMÃO CRAVO (Citrus limonia Osbeck E TANGERINA CLEÓPATRA (Citrus reshni Hort. A PARTIR DO CULTIVO DE PROTOPLASTOS DE SUSPENSÃO CELULAR PLANT REGENERATION OF 'RANGPUR' LIME (Citrus limonia Osbeck AND 'CLEÓPATRA' MANDARIN (Citrus reshni Hort. THROUGH PROTOPLASTS OF CELL SUSPENSION

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    Rodrigo Rocha Latado

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho descreve uma metodologia para a regeneração de plantas de tangerina 'Cleópatra' e limão 'Cravo', a partir do cultivo de protoplastos de suspensão celular. Para tal, calos nucelares foram induzidos em meio contendo BAP e cultivados em meio sem reguladores de crescimento. Protoplastos foram isolados de suspensões celulares e cultivados em gotas de agarose, com densidade de 2 X 105 protoplastos.ml-1. O meio MT, contendo ácido giberélico e água de coco, foi eficiente na germinação de embriões somáticos. Os métodos de aclimatação de plantas testados apresentaram baixa eficiência. Como resultado final, 17 plantas adaptadas de tangerina e 8 de limão foram obtidas.The present research describes the regeneration of 'Cleópatra' mandarin and 'Rangpur' lime plants from cell suspension protoplasts. Nucelar calli were induced on a medium containing BAP and maintained on growth regulator free medium. Protoplasts were isolated from embryogenic suspension and plated at a concentration of 2 X 105 protoplasts.ml-1, on agarose droplets. The MT medium with gibberellic acid and coconut water was efficient to stimulate somatic embryo conversion. Rooted plants acclimation had low efficiency. Seventeen mandarin plants and eight lime plants were obtained.

  10. Uso de revestimento comestível e conservação pós-colheita de goiaba

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    Nilda de Fátima Ferreira Soares

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se desenvolver um revestimento comestível antimicrobiano e avaliar sua eficiência na conservação de goiaba. Os frutos foram submetidos a cinco tratamentos: sem revestimento, revestimento de amido de mandioca, revestimento de amido de mandioca com ácido acético e revestimento de amido de mandioca com 1,0% e 1,5% de quitosana. As análises realizadas foram: cor da polpa e casca, firmeza, perda de massa, sólidos solúveis e contagem de fungos filamentosos e leveduras. A coloração verde da casca dos frutos tratados com revestimentos contendo 1,0% e 1,5% de quitosana foi mantida, e a coloração da polpa de todos os tratamentos mudou de rósea para vermelho intenso durante o armazenamento. Os frutos tratados com revestimento contendo quitosana apresentaram menor perda de massa quando comparados aos frutos-controle. Houve redução no teor de sólidos solúveis para os frutos-controle durante o armazenamento, enquanto nos outros tratamentos, o teor de açúcar foi mantido até o 8º dia. Os revestimentos antimicrobianos apresentaram menores contagens de fungos filamentosos e leveduras quando comparados ao controle. O uso de revestimentos comestíveis antimicrobianos contribui na conservação de goiaba, aumentando a vida útil pós-colheita.

  11. Catalisadores sol-gel de Ni-SiO2 e Ni-Al2O3 aplicados na reforma de metano com CO2 - DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v27i1.1492

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    Giane Gonçalves

    2005-03-01

    Full Text Available A reação de reforma do metano com CO2 apresenta-se como um processo promissor de geração de gás de síntese e hidrogênio. Neste sentido, foram preparados catalisadores de níquel-sílica e níquel-alumina pelo método sol-gel, com carga metálica nominal de 8% em massa. Os catalisadores foram caracterizados por redução à temperatura programada, análise termogravimétrica e determinação da área superficial específica. A reação de reforma do metano com CO2 foi realizada em um micro-reator contendo 500 mg de catalisador, previamente ativado em uma mistura redutora contendo hidrogênio. Os ensaios de reforma a seco do metano foram realizados a 800C, na pressão atmosférica, por um período de 12 horas, com uma razão molar de alimentação de [CO2:CH4] = 6. Os produtos da reação foram analisados por cromatografia gasosa. Dentre os catalisadores avaliados, nas condições de reação estudadas, o catalisador de níquel suportado em sílica foi o que apresentou o melhor desempenho

  12. Effects of autogenic training and antihypertensive agents on circadian and circaseptan variation of blood pressure.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Watanabe, Yoshihiko; Cornélissen, Germaine; Watanabe, Misako; Watanabe, Fumihiko; Otsuka, Kuniaki; Ohkawa, Shi-ichiro; Kikuchi, Takenori; Halberg, Franz

    2003-10-01

    Even when the daily blood pressure mean is acceptable, too large a circadian amplitude of blood pressure largely increases cardiovascular disease risk. Autogenic training (N = 11), a non-pharmacologic intervention capable of lowering an excessive blood pressure variability, may be well-suited for MESOR-normotensive patients diagnosed with circadian-hyper-amplitude-tension (CHAT). Not all anti-hypertensive drugs affect blood pressure variability. Accordingly, long-acting carteolol (N = 11) and/or atenolol (N = 8) may be preferred to captopril retard (N = 13), nilvadipine (N = 8), or amlodipine (N = 7) for midline-estimating statistic of rhythm (MESOR)-hypertensive patients with CHAT. Prospective outcome studies are needed to assess whether the relative merits of these treatments are in keeping with their effects on blood pressure and blood pressure variability.

  13. Composições tecidual e química do lombo de cordeiros alimentados com rações contendo semente de girassol em comedouros privativos Tissue and chemical compositions of loin from lambs fed sunflower seed in creep feeding

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    Vicente de Paulo Macedo

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available O experimento foi realizado objetivando avaliar a composição tecidual e química do músculo Longissimus dorsi de cordeiros Suffolk alimentados em comedouros privativos com ração contendo 0; 6,60; 13,20 ou 19,80% de semente de girassol. Ao nascer, os cordeiros foram numerados, pesados e distribuídos aleatoriamente nos piquetes compondo quatro repetições por tratamento em um total de 16 cordeiros. As rações continham 2,65; 2,78; 2,89 ou 2,93 Mcal/kg de energia metabolizável e 18,38; 18,75; 19,98 ou 21,18% de proteína bruta e foram fornecidas à vontade aos cordeiros. Os cordeiros foram pesados a cada 14 dias e mantidos com as ovelhas até atingirem o peso vivo de abate pré-estabelecido (28 kg. As carcaças foram mantidas durante 24 horas na câmara frigorífica a 5ºC e, posteriormente, foram seccionadas em sete regiões anatômicas para coleta dos lombos esquerdo e direito e obtenção, no músculo Longissimus dorsi, do peso dos componentes do lombo (músculo, osso e gordura e da composição química e do perfil de ácidos graxos do músculo, do osso e da gordura. A semente de girassol influenciou o peso total do lombo, os pesos de músculo e tecido conjuntivo e o rendimento do tecido conjuntivo. O aumento no percentual de semente de girassol na ração diminuiu a quantidade dos ácidos láurico e palmítico (saturados e aumentou a dos ácidos oléico e linoléico (insaturados. A qualidade nutricional da carne dos cordeiros melhora com aumento da utilização de semente de girassol na dieta.The experiment carried out in aiming to evaluate the tissue and chemical composition of longissimus dorsi muscle of Suffolk lambs fed on creep feeding system with ration containing 0.0, 6.60, 13.20 and 19.80% of sunflower seed. At kidding, the lambs were identified, weighed and randomly distributed to paddocks composing four replicates per ration, totaling 16 lambs. The rations contained 2.65, 2.78, 2.89 or 2.93 Mcal/kg of ME and 18.38, 18.75, 19

  14. Atividades melanogênica, genotóxica e antiproliferativa de extratos de Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul e Dorstenia brasiliensis Lam induzidas por radiação UVA.

    OpenAIRE

    Quevedo, Adriana Elias Pires

    2011-01-01

    As furanocumarinas lineares ou psoralenos são fotossensibilizadores empregados na dermatologia associados a ultravioleta A no tratamento de doenças como o vitiligo. A fotoquimioterapia tem reações adversas imediatas (náuseas, prurido, eritema e xerodermia) e tardias (carcinogênese e, possivelmente, catarata). No Brasil, não existe medicamento fitoterápico ou medicamentos contendo extratos de plantas para tratamento do vitiligo que estejam de acordo com a legislação vigente da Agência Nacional...

  15. Caracterização do secretoma de Aspergillus niger crescido em bagaço de cana e purificação de xilanases de interesse biotecnológico

    OpenAIRE

    Martins, Pedro Alves

    2012-01-01

    Os fungos filamentosos quando submetidos ao crescimento em meios contendo material lignocelulósico, são capazes de produzir diferentes tipos de enzimas extracelulares responsáveis por catalisar a hidrólise de celulose, hemicelulose e outros polissacarídeos encontrados nas paredes celulares vegetais. Algumas dessas enzimas podem ser aplicadas comercialmente em processos industriais, como nas indústrias alimentícia, têxtil, papeleira e também na produção de bioetanol. O fungo filamentoso mesofí...

  16. EFEITO ANTIBIÓTICO DO PRÓPOLIS SOBRE BACTÉRIAS FITOPATOGÊNICAS

    OpenAIRE

    BIANCHINI, L.; BEDENDO, I.P.

    1998-01-01

    O efeito antibiótico de extrato aquoso de própolis, em várias concentrações, foi avaliado para cinco espécies de bactérias fitopatogênicas. Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis e Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli foram completamente inibidas em meio de cultura contendo 10% de extrato de própolis. Erwinia chrysanthemi foi parcialmente inibida, enquanto Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci se mostrou insensível ao extrato, desenvolvendo colônias idênticas àquel...

  17. Desempenho da tilápia-do-Nilo arraçoada com dietas contendo farinha de sangue bovino atomizado ou convencional - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v33i3.10736 Performance of nile tilapia fed with spray-dried or vat-dries bovine blood meal - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v33i3.10736

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    Gustavo do Valle Polycarpo

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Foi avaliado o desempenho e os índices de rendimento da tilápia-do-Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus alimentada com níveis crescentes de farinha de sangue atomizado (FSA ou de farinha de sangue convencional (FSC em dietas formuladas com base em aminoácidos digestíveis. Foram utilizados 252 alevinos, distribuídos num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial (2 x 4 + 1, duas classes de farinha de sangue com quatro níveis de inclusão de cada farinha na dieta, e uma dieta-controle, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em uma dieta-controle à base de farelo de soja, contendo 34% de proteína digestível (PD e 3.200 kcal de energia digestível kg-1 (ED, mais quatro rações formuladas com FSA e quatro rações com FSC, com inclusões de 5, 10, 15 e 20% de cada farinha na ração, mantendo-se os níveis de PD, ED, fósforo, cálcio, lisina, metionina, treonina e triptofano idênticos aos da dieta-controle. Concluiu-se que é possível utilizar até 15% da FSC em rações para tilápia-do-Nilo na fase de 5 a 150 g de peso vivo.The study evaluated the performance and carcass composition index of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus fed with diets containing increasing levels of spray-dried blood meal (SDBM and vat-dried blood meal (VDBM and formulated based on digestible amino acids. Two hundred and fifty-two fingerlings were distributed in a completely randomized design, in a (2 x 4 + 1 factorial model, two types of blood meal with four levels of each blood meal in the diet, and a control diet (without blood meal, with four replications. The treatments consisted of soybean meal-based control diet, with 34% digestible protein (DP and 3,200 kcal of digestible energy kg-1 (DE, plus four diets formulated with SDBM and four diets with VDBM, containing 5, 10, 15 and 20% of each meal in feed, maintaining identical DP, DE, phosphorus, calcium, lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan levels as those of the control diet

  18. Subprodutos industriais na ensilagem de capim-elefante para cabras leiteiras: consumo, digestibilidade de nutrientes e produção de leite Industrial by-products in elephant grass silage for dairy goats: intake, nutrient digestibility and milk yield

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    Jobel Beserra de Oliveira

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available O experimento foi conduzido para avaliar o consumo, a digestibilidade aparente e a produção do leite em cabras alimentadas com silagens de capim-elefante contendo subprodutos industriais. Utilizaram-se oito cabras da raça Saanen, distribuídas em dois quadrados latinos 4 × 4, com 4 períodos de 14 dias (10 dias de adaptação e 4 dias para coleta de dados. Os tratamentos foram: silagem de capim-elefante + concentrado; silagem de capim-elefante com 15% de farelo de mandioca + concentrado; silagem de capim-elefante com 15% de casca de café + concentrado; silagem de capim-elefante com 15% farelo de cacau + concentrado. Os maiores consumos de matéria seca (MS, matéria orgânica (MO, carboidratos totais (CT, carboidratos não-fibrosos (CNF e nutrientes digestíveis totais foram observados entre os animais alimentados com a silagem contendo farelo de mandioca. As silagens com farelo de mandioca ou casca de café promoveram maior consumo de extrato etéreo. Os maiores valores de digestibilidade da MS, MO, EE e CT foram obtidos na dieta contendo silagem de capim-elefante com farelo de mandioca. O valor de digestibilidade dos CNF foi semelhante entre as dietas contendo silagem de capim-elefante com farelo de mandioca, casca de café e farelo de cacau. A digestibilidade de fibra em detergente neutro e de fibra em detergente ácido foi maior para a silagem sem aditivo, com farelo de mandioca ou farelo de cacau. Entre os subprodutos avaliados, o farelo de mandioca é o que promove maiores consumos, digestibilidades dos nutrientes e produção de leite em cabras alimentadas com silagem de capim-elefante.The experiment was carried out to evaluate the intake, apparent digestibility and the milk yield of goats fed elephant grass silages containing industrial by-products. Eight Saanen breed goats were used, distributed in two 4 × 4 Latin squares, with four 14-day periods (ten days of adaptation and four days for data collection. The treatments were

  19. Efeito da suplementação enzimática em rações à base de milho/farelo de soja sobre o desempenho de poedeiras comerciais Effect of the enzyme supplementation of corn/soybean meal based diets on the performance of commercial laying hens

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    Ednardo Rodrigues Freitas

    2000-08-01

    Full Text Available O experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de estudar o efeito do uso de um complexo enzimático comercial (alfa-amilase, xilanase e protease específico para dietas à base de milho e farelo de soja sobre o desempenho de poedeiras comerciais. Cento e vinte e oito poedeiras da linhagem Hy-Line, com 68 semanas de idade e no segundo ciclo de postura, foram alojadas em um delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições de quatro aves por bloco, totalizando 32 aves por tratamento. Duas dietas isoprotéicas, porém com diferentes níveis de EM, foram formuladas à base de milho, farelo de soja, farelo de trigo e suplementadas ou não com enzimas. Os tratamentos foram: T1 - dieta contendo 2850 kcal EM/kg; T2 - dieta contendo 2850 kcal EM/kg, com 0,1% enzima; T3 - dieta contendo 2750 kcal EM/kg; e T4 - dieta contendo 2750 kcal EM/kg, com 0,1% enzima. O experimento teve duração de 112 dias, divididos em quatro períodos de 28 dias, e as variáveis estudadas foram: porcentagem de postura (ave/dia, consumo de ração (g/ave/dia, peso dos ovos (g, conversão alimentar (kg de ração/kg de ovo, ganho de peso das poedeiras (g e custo com alimentação (R$. A análise de variância dos dados demonstrou que não existiu efeito dos tratamentos sobre as variáveis estudadas. A suplementação enzimática das dietas nos níveis estudados não afetou o desempenho das poedeiras.This experiment was conducted to study the effect of the inclusion of a commercial enzyme complex (alpha-amylase, xylanase and proteases especific for corn and soybean meal based diets, on laying hens performance. One hundred and twenty eight Hy-line White Leghorns hens with 68 weeks of age, in the 2nd cycle of production were assigned to a completely randomized block design with four replications of four birds per block, totalizing 32 birds per treatment. Two isonitrogenous diets with different levels of metabolizable energy (ME were formulated based on corn, soybean meal, wheat

  20. Validation of HPLC, DPPH• and nitrosation methods for mesalamine determination in pharmaceutical dosage forms Validação dos métodos de CLAE, DPPH• e nitrosação para determinação de mesalazina em formas farmacêuticas

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    Janice Aparecida Rafael

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid, 5-ASA is used because of its local effects in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, the aims of this work were to compare and validate three analytical methods for the quality control of commercial coated tablets containing 5-ASA: high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH• and nitrosation. The parameters linearity, precision and accuracy were studied in this work. HPLC with ultraviolet detection at 254 nm was carried out with a C18 column and a mobile phase constituted of 30 mmol/L monobasic phosphate buffer (pH 7.0 and methanol (70:30; v/v, with 25% tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulphate. The DPPH• method was performed at 517 nm and using 100 mmol/L acetate buffer, pH 5.5, ethanol and 250 µmol/L ethanolic solution of DPPH•. The nitrosation method was accomplished by using a platinum electrode and standard 0.1 mol/L sodium nitrite as titrant solution. Repeatability (intra-day and intermediate precision (inter-day, expressed as RSD, were lower than 3%. The experimental recoveries were between 72.5 and 99.9%. Statistical analysis by one-way ANOVA, followed by the multiple comparison test of Bonferroni showed no significant difference among the three methods. All proposed methods can be used for the reliable quantitation of 5-ASA in pharmaceutical dosage forms.Mesalazina (ácido 5-aminosalicílico, 5-ASA é utilizado devido seu efeito local no tratamento de doença inflamatória intestinal. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar e validar três métodos analíticos para o controle de qualidade de comprimidos comerciais revestidos contendo 5-ASA: cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE, radical 1,1-difenil-2-picril-hidrazil (DPPH• e nitrosação. Os parâmetros linearidade, precisão e exatidão foram estudados neste trabalho. CLAE com detecção ultravioleta em 254 nm foi realizada utilizando coluna C18 e a eluição em fase m

  1. Avaliação de metabólitos lipídicos e hormônios esteróides em soro de coelhas alimentadas com ração contendo diferentes fontes de óleos vegetais - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v26i3.1812 Evaluation of lipid metabolic and steroid hormones in serum of rabbit does fed on rations containing different sources of vegetable oil - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v26i3.1812

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    Haroldo Garcia de Faria

    2004-04-01

    Full Text Available Foram utilizadas 40 matrizes em um delineamento experimental, inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos (ração sem óleo e rações contendo 3% de óleo de canola, 3% óleo de milho ou 3% óleo de soja e 10 repetições. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue das coelhas no 16o dia da primeira e da segunda gestação e no 11o dia após o primeiro parto. Com o soro obtido, foram dosadas as concentrações de triglicerídeos totais, colesterol total, lipoproteínas de alta (HDL, de baixa (LDL e de muito baixa (VLDL densidades, progesterona e 17ß-estradiol. Não foram observadas diferenças (P>0,05 entre os tratamentos. No entanto, os níveis de colesterol-HDL e de 17ß-estradiol foram maiores (PForty rabbit does were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, with four treatments (oil-free ration and rations with 3% canola oil, 3% corn oil or 3% soybean oil and 10 replications. Blood samples were collected on the 16th day of their first and second pregnancies, and on the 11th day after the first birth. Concentrations of total triglyceride, total cholesterol, high (HDL, low (LDL and very low (VLDL density lipoprotein (HDL, progesterone and 17ß-estradiol were analyzed in serum. No difference was reported among treatments (p>0.05. However, levels of HDL-cholesterol and 17ß-estradiol were higher in the second pregnancy (p<0.05. Progesterone concentration was lower (p<0.05 during the first pregnancy and became higher 11 days after the first birth. It may be suggested that rations with 3% vegetable oil failed to cause any changes in serum lipid profiles and in steroid hormone levels.

  2. Condutas para reparação da cavidade anoftálmica no Brasil

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    Roberta Lilian Fernandes de Sousa

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Avaliar as condutas mais utilizadas no tratamento da cavidade anoftálmica no Brasil, comparando-as com a realidade mundial. MÉTODOS: Estudo exploratório, usando questionário eletrônico enviado pela Internet para oftalmologistas membros da Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica Ocular, Vias Lacrimais e Órbita - SBCPO. As respostas obtidas foram avaliadas por meio de análise de aderência, utilizando o teste do Qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS: Foram recebidos 75 questionários respondidos. Cinquenta e três por cento dos entrevistados tratam cavidade anoftálmica frequentemente e o implante de esfera de polimetilmatacrilato, de 18 mm de diâmetro, é o usado pelos entrevistados na maioria das cirurgias, sendo revestido principalmente com esclera (92%. Apenas sete entrevistados já utilizaram implante acoplado com prótese externa. Oitenta e dois por cento dos entrevistados usam a técnica do enxerto dermoadiposo. O acompanhamento destes pacientes é feito semestralmente pela maior parte dos entrevistados. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento da cavidade anoftálmica no Brasil geralmente é feito usando a esfera de polimetilmetacrilato, de diâmetro 18 milímetros. Implantes acoplados dificilmente são usados.

  3. DE LA RECONNAISSANCE À LA MISE EN FORME RITUELLE DES UNIONS DE MÊME SEXE EN FRANCE. ENQUÊTE AUPRÈS DE CATHOLIQUES GAYS ET LESBIENNES

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    Céline Béraud

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Entre los años 2012 y 2013, los debates en torno al derecho al matrimonio y a la adopción para parejas del mismo sexo han estado revestidos de una importante controversia en Francia, controversia mucho más intensa que en España siete años antes en relación al mismo tema. Entre los opositores a la ley, los católicos aparecen como actores clave. A pesar de los discursos no confesionales, la condena tradicional de la homosexualidad por parte del magisterio católico se ha visto reforzada: las prácticas homosexuales son calificadas de “desórdenes intrínsecos” y condenadas por no respetar “el orden de la naturaleza”. La movilización ha constituido un reto para los católicos gays y lesbianas altamente integrados en la Iglesia; grupo sobre el que he realizado una investigación sociológica cualitativa. La investigación muestra que ellos y ellas consiguen, no obstante, hacer cohabitar estas dos dimensiones de su identidad obteniendo, incluso, un acompañamiento a través de una ritualización de su unión por parte de un cura.

  4. Resposta de Euphalerus clitoriae (Hemiptera: Psyllidae a armadilhas adesivas de diferentes cores Response of Euphalerus clitoriae (Hem: Psyllidae to adhesive traps of different colors

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    Mariângela Guajará

    2004-02-01

    Full Text Available Retângulos de alumínio, medindo 10 x 24,5 cm, pintados de branco, vermelho, azul e amarelo, foram revestidos com cola incolor e inodora e dispostos no campo, entre árvores de Clitoria fairchildiana, para verificação da responsividade dos adultos de E. clitoriae às diferentes cores. Retângulos transparentes, de iguais dimensões, foram utilizados como controle. O número significativamente superior de adultos atraídos e capturados pelas armadilhas amarelas, em comparação com as demais, indica uma resposta orientada, sendo elas, portanto, recomendadas para o monitoramento de adultos de E. clitoriae.Aluminum rectangles measuring 10 x 24.5 cm and painted white, red, blue and yellow were covered with colorless and scentless glue and disposed in the field among trees of Clitoria fairchildiana, for verification of response of E. clitoriae adults to the different colors. Transparent rectangles of the same dimensions were also used as controls. The number of adults attracted and captured by the yellow traps was significantly greater than that attracted by the other colors, suggesting a color-oriented response. Thus, the yellow adhesive traps are recommended for monitoring of E. clitoriae adults.

  5. EVALUACIÓN DE ELECTRODOS PARA LA FABRICACIÓN DE BLINDAJES LATERALES DE MOLINOS DE TRITURACIÓN DE ÁRIDOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    EDUARDO DÍAZ-CEDRÉ

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo estudia el comportamiento de electrodos revestidos para recubrimiento duro manual por arco eléctrico (SMAW, utilizados en la fabricación de blindajes laterales de molinos para la trituración de áridos. Se evaluaron tres materiales de aporte de diferentes fabricantes y recomendados para este tipo de aplicación. Se realizaron depósitos con diferentes niveles de corriente de soldadura, utilizando un dispositivo simulador que permite realizar ensayos de recubrimiento duro manual sin la interferencia directa del soldador. Se determinaron las características técnico-operativas de los consumibles de soldadura estudiados, tales como: tasa de fusión y deposición, rendimiento real, estabilidad de funcionamiento; así como se establecieron las propiedades de los depósitos: estructura metalográfica y dureza. El análisis integrado de estas características posibilito la selección del metal de aporte más adecuado, así como la mejor corriente de soldadura para esta aplicación concreta. Finalmente se desarrolló un ensayo de desgaste comparativo en condiciones reales de servicio, demostrando de esta manera la factibilidad de la sustitución de un elemento por otro.

  6. Alternativa técnica no tratamento endovascular dos aneurismas da artéria poplítea A technical alternative for the endovascular treatment of popliteal artery aneurysms

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Ferreira

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available O aneurisma de artéria poplítea é relativamente raro, porém representa cerca de 85% de todos os aneurismas arteriais periféricos. Apresenta-se geralmente com um quadro de complicação isquêmica e elevado risco de perda do membro acometido. Em função disso, preconiza-se seu tratamento eletivo, atualmente realizado com resultados satisfatórios pela técnica endovascular. Relatamos nossa experiência com a utilização do stent de nitinol auto-expansível revestido com PTFEe - Fluency (Bard, Alemanha, reforçado internamente com o stent de nitinol auto-expansível Zilver (Cook, EUA no tratamento de um aneurisma de artéria poplítea.Popliteal artery aneurysm is relatively rare, but represents around 85% of all peripheral arterial aneurysms. It is usually presented with ischemic complication and high risk of limb loss. For that reason, its elective treatment is indicated and currently carried through with satisfactory results using endovascular techniques. We describe our experience with the use of an ePTFE-covered nitinol self-expandable stent graft - Fluency (Bard, Germany, reinforced internally with the nitinol self-expandable Zilver stent (Cook, USA for the treatment of a popliteal artery aneurism.

  7. Análisis de soldabilidad de aceros inoxidables con aceros de medio y bajo carbono por SMAW

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Luddey Marulanda Arevalo

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta un estudio de la soldabilidad de aceros inoxidables austeníticos AISI 304 y AISI 316 con aceros de bajo y medio carbono AISI 1020 – AISI 1045, empleando como materiales de aporte los electrodos EutecTrode® 52 NG, 54 NG y 57 NG, mediante el proceso de arco eléctrico con electrodo revestido (SMAW. Para analizar la soldabilidad de estos electrodos cuando se realiza la unión de aceros inoxidables con aceros al carbono, se practicaron pruebas metalográficas y ensayos mecánicos de dureza, doblez y tracción, con el fin de observar el comportamiento tanto de la zona afectada térmicamente como del cordón de soldadura, a partir del cambio en las propiedades mecánicas y metalúrgicas en las diferentes regiones de las uniones soldadas. Durante el proceso de soldadura se siguió una especificación del procedimiento de soldadura (WPS, para que los resultados fueran repetibles, minimizando los problemas de agrietamiento en caliente, agrietamiento en frío, formación de fase sigma y precipitación de carburos.

  8. Análise da passividade e adaptação de infraestruturas de Ti com soldagem a laser vertical e horizontal de borda, cilindro cimentado ou processo CAD/CAM

    OpenAIRE

    Maíra Daysê Moreira Serra e Silva

    2013-01-01

    Resumo: Este estudo comparou diferentes técnicas para obtenção de infraestruturas protéticas implantossuportadas com menores desajustes verticais e melhor passividade. A partir de uma matriz metálica com paredes planas e dimensões de altura, comprimento e espessura de 25 X 70 X 10 mm, contendo 4 análogos de microunits (3,75 X 13 mm), foram confeccionadas 25 amostras separadas em cinco grupos (n=5): Grupo IM infraestruturas fundidas em monobloco; Grupo ISS infraestruturas fundidas seccionadas ...

  9. Compostos fenólicos totais, atividade antioxidante e antifúngica demultimisturas enriquecidas com a microalga Spirulina platensis

    OpenAIRE

    Bierhals, Vânia da Silva; Machado, Vanessa Goulart; Echevenguá, Walesca Oliveira; Costa, Jorge Alberto Vieira; Furlong, Eliana Badiale

    2009-01-01

    Com o objetivo de avaliar o conteúdo fenólico e as atividades antioxidantes e antifúngicas de multimisturas enriquecidas com Spirulina platensis, foram formuladas quatro multimisturas com farelo de arroz ou trigo, duas contendo Spirulina platensis e duas com sementes de girassol. Os compostos fenólicos foram estimados pela técnica de Folin-Ciocalteau. A atividade antioxidante foi avaliada por meio de inibição do radical livre DPPH e a atividade antifúngica foi analisada por meio de ensaio de ...

  10. Anatomical characterization of the leaf, stem and rhizome of Digitaria insularis

    OpenAIRE

    Machado, A.F.L.; Meira, R.M.S.; Ferreira, L.R.; Ferreira, F.A.; Tuffi Santos, L.D.; Fialho, C.M.T.; Machado, M.S.

    2008-01-01

    A anatomia da folha, de colmo e do rizoma de Digitaria insularis foi investigada, visando identificar características que possam estar relacionadas à sua tolerância ao glyphosate. Sementes e rizomas de plantas adultas foram coletadas em campo, em área de plantio direto, onde o herbicida glyphosate vem sendo utilizado repetidamente há vários anos. As plantas provenientes dessas sementes e desses rizomas foram cultivadas em vasos com capacidade de 3 L, contendo solo de textura média, em casa de...

  11. Medium and large sized mammalians and their relation to habitat patches at the Botucatu cuesta, state of São Paulo, Brazil

    OpenAIRE

    Alves, Telma R. [UNESP; Fonseca, Renata C. B. [UNESP; Engel, Vera Lex [UNESP

    2012-01-01

    A região da cuesta de Botucatu caracteriza-se por um gradiente topográfico contendo um mosaico de ambientes com diferentes formações de vegetação natural (floresta estacional semidecidual, cerrado e matas ciliares), além de áreas antropizadas com a predominância de pastagens, plantações de cana-de-açúcar, laranja, e reflorestamentos de eucalipto, com paisagem fragmentada. Inserida nesta região, a Fazenda Experimental Edgardia, pertencente à Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Botucatu, ...

  12. Materiais a base de colágeno com capacidade de autorreparo

    OpenAIRE

    Camila Silva Brey Gil

    2013-01-01

    Foram sintetizadas, por polimerização interfacial, microcápsulas de poliuretano contendo diisocianato em seu interior. As microcápsulas foram preparadas variando-se a velocidade de agitação (1500, 1000 e 700rpm) e o tipo de isocianato utilizado (4,4-difenilmetano diisocianato (MDI) ou isoforona diisocianato (IPDI)).Foram gerados um total de 6 tipos diferentes de microcápsulas. A caracterização dessas microcápsulas permitiu verificar, por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) e Microscopia...

  13. Perfil do estoque domiciliar de medicamentos em residências com crianças

    OpenAIRE

    Gabriela Colonetti Beckhauser; Cleidson Valgas; Dayani Galato

    2012-01-01

    Com o objetivo de identificar o perfil do estoque domiciliar de medicamentos em residências com crianças, foi realizado um estudo baseado na técnica de entrevista aplicado aos responsáveis pelos medicamentos. Para caracterização dos estoques, os medicamentos foram classificados de acordo com o primeiro nível da Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical e adotaram-se indicadores de armazenamento. Foram aplicados 83 questionários em domicílios contendo de uma a três crianças (6...

  14. Influência do Tipo de Amostragem na Estimativa de Volume de Madeira de Eucalipto por Krigagem

    OpenAIRE

    Lundgren,Wellington Jorge Cavalcanti; Silva,José Antônio Aleixo da; Ferreira,Rinaldo Luiz Caraciolo

    2016-01-01

    RESUMO O objetivo da pesquisa foi verificar se a estimativa do volume individual de madeira por árvore realizada pela krigagem é influenciada pelo tipo de amostragem. Um povoamento com 1.875 árvores de eucalipto foi demarcado em um plano cartesiano (X, Y) e cubado rigorosamente pelo método de Smalian. Foram retiradas seis amostragens, cada uma contendo 106 árvores. Duas amostragens por gradeamento, duas aleatórias e duas por grade aglomerada. Os semivariogramas para cada uma das amostragens e...

  15. A new structurally atypical bradykinin-potentiating peptide isolated from Crotalus durissus cascavella venom (South American rattlesnake).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lopes, Denise M; Junior, Norberto E G; Costa, Paula P C; Martins, Patrícia L; Santos, Cláudia F; Carvalho, Ellaine D F; Carvalho, Maria D F; Pimenta, Daniel C; Cardi, Bruno A; Fonteles, Manassés C; Nascimento, Nilberto R F; Carvalho, Krishnamurti M

    2014-11-01

    Venom glands of some snakes synthesize bradykinin-potentiating peptides (BPP's) which increase bradykinin-induced hypotensive effect and decrease angiotensin I vasopressor effect by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition. The present study shows a new BPP (BPP-Cdc) isolated from Crotalus durissus cascavella venom: Pro-Asn-Leu-Pro-Asn-Tyr-Leu-Gly-Ile-Pro-Pro. Although BPP-Cdc presents the classical sequence IPP in the C-terminus, it has a completely atypical N-terminal sequence, which shows very low homology with all other BPPs isolated to date. The pharmacological effects of BPP-Cdc were compared to BBP9a from Bothrops jararaca and captopril. BPP-Cdc (1 μM) significantly increased BK-induced contractions (BK; 1 μM) on the guinea pig ileum by 267.8% and decreased angiotensin I-induced contractions (AngI; 10 nM) by 62.4% and these effects were not significantly different from those of BPP9a (1 μM) or captopril (200 nM). Experiments with 4-week hypertensive 2K-1C rats show that the vasopressor effect of AngI (10 ng) was decreased by 50 μg BPP-Cdc (69.7%), and this result was similar to that obtained with 50 μg BPP9a (69.8%). However, the action duration of BPP-Cdc (60 min) was 2 times greater than that of BPP-9a (30 min). On the other hand, the hypotensive effect of BK (250 ng) was significantly increased by 176.6% after BPP-Cdc (50 μg) administration, value 2.5 times greater than that obtained with BPP9a administered at the same doses (71.4%). In addition, the duration of the action of BPP-Cdc (120 min) was also at least 4 times greater than that of BPP-9a (30 min). Taken together, these results suggest that BPP-Cdc presents more selective action on arterial blood system than BPP9a. Besides the inhibition of ACE, it may present other mechanisms of action yet to be elucidated. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  16. How to measure renal artery stenosis - a retrospective comparison of morphological measurement approaches in relation to hemodynamic significance

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Andersson, Malin; Jägervall, Karl; Eriksson, Per; Persson, Anders; Granerus, Göran; Wang, Chunliang; Smedby, Örjan

    2015-01-01

    Although it is well known that renal artery stenosis may cause renovascular hypertension, it is unclear how the degree of stenosis should best be measured in morphological images. The aim of this study was to determine which morphological measures from Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) and Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) are best in predicting whether a renal artery stenosis is hemodynamically significant or not. Forty-seven patients with hypertension and a clinical suspicion of renovascular hypertension were examined with CTA, MRA, captopril-enhanced renography (CER) and captopril test (Ctest). CTA and MRA images of the renal arteries were analyzed by two readers using interactive vessel segmentation software. The measures included minimum diameter, minimum area, diameter reduction and area reduction. In addition, two radiologists visually judged the diameter reduction without automated segmentation. The results were then compared using limits of agreement and intra-class correlation, and correlated with the results from CER combined with Ctest (which were used as standard of reference) using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. A total of 68 kidneys had all three investigations (CTA, MRA and CER + Ctest), where 11 kidneys (16.2 %) got a positive result on the CER + Ctest. The greatest area under ROC curve (AUROC) was found for the area reduction on MRA, with a value of 0.91 (95 % confidence interval 0.82–0.99), excluding accessory renal arteries. As comparison, the AUROC for the radiologists’ visual assessments on CTA and MRA were 0.90 (0.82–0.98) and 0.91 (0.83–0.99) respectively. None of the differences were statistically significant. No significant differences were found between the morphological measures in their ability to predict hemodynamically significant stenosis, but a tendency of MRA having higher AUROC than CTA. There was no significant difference between measurements made by the radiologists and measurements made with

  17. Recommendations on procedures for renal function imaging; Anleitung zur Durchfuehrung der Nierenfunktionsszintigraphie

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Klaeser, B.; Eberl, A.; Bubeck, B. [Klinik fuer Nuklearmedizin, Kantonsspital St. Gallen (Switzerland)

    2003-09-01

    Renal function diagnostics in nuclear medicine is nowadays performed primarily as scintigraphic study using {sup 99m}Tc-MAG3, in many cases accompanied by quantitative clearance measurement. The present recommendations are based on the technical protocols of the Clinic of Nuclear Medicine at the Kantonsspital St. Gallen and do not claim to be complete or the Gold Standard. The procedures described are not subject to discussion, but the authors attempt to give practical guidelines as orientation for users in their daily routine. Focal points are preparation and performance of the diuretic renography with furosemide to evaluate urinary outflow obstructions and scintigraphic studies under captopril for detection of renovascular hypertension. Further subjects are the quantitative clearance measurement according to the single-sample method and, of course, the calculation of the split clearance. All of these subjects are described mainly under practical aspects, looking in particular at frequent pitfalls or wrong interpretations, but also taking into account quality assurance and data analysis. Selected cases are presented to document the importance of renal function imaging in practice. (orig.) [German] Die nuklearmedizinische Nierenfunktionsdiagnostik wird heute vorrangig als Szintigraphie mit {sup 99m}Tc-MAG3 betrieben, haeufig mit begleitender quantitativer Clearancemessung. Die vorliegende Anleitung basiert auf den Untersuchungsprotokollen der Klinik fuer Nuklearmedizin des Kantonsspitals St. Gallen und erhebt weder Anspruch auf Vollstaendigkeit noch darauf, als Goldstandard zu gelten. Die beschriebenen Vorgehensweisen werden nicht diskutiert, sondern die Autoren versuchen, pragmatische Leitlinien zu vermitteln, an denen sich der Anwender in der taeglichen Routine orientieren kann. Schwerpunkte bilden die Vorbereitung und Durchfuehrung der so genannten Lasix-Szintigraphie zur Beurteilung der renalen Abflussverhaeltnisse und die Captopril-Szintigraphie bei der Frage

  18. Kallikrein–Kinin System Suppresses Type I Interferon Responses: A Novel Pathway of Interferon Regulation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alecia Seliga

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available The Kallikrein–Kinin System (KKS, comprised of kallikreins (klks, bradykinins (BKs angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, and many other molecules, regulates a number of physiological processes, including inflammation, coagulation, angiogenesis, and control of blood pressure. In this report, we show that KKS regulates Type I IFN responses, thought to be important in lupus pathogenesis. We used CpG (TLR9 ligand, R848 (TLR7 ligand, or recombinant IFN-α to induce interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs and proteins, and observed that this response was markedly diminished by BKs, klk1 (tissue kallikrein, or captopril (an ACE inhibitor. BKs significantly decreased the ISGs induced by TLRs in vitro and in vivo (in normal and lupus-prone mice, and in human PBMCs, especially the induction of Irf7 gene (p < 0.05, the master regulator of Type I IFNs. ISGs induced by IFN-α were also suppressed by the KKS. MHC Class I upregulation, a classic response to Type I IFNs, was reduced by BKs in murine dendritic cells (DCs. BKs decreased phosphorylation of STAT2 molecules that mediate IFN signaling. Among the secreted pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines analyzed (IL-6, IL12p70, and CXCL10, the strongest suppressive effect was on CXCL10, a highly Type I IFN-dependent cytokine, upon CpG stimulation, both in normal and lupus-prone DCs. klks that break down into BKs, also suppressed CpG-induced ISGs in murine DCs. Captopril, a drug that inhibits ACE and increases BK, suppressed ISGs, both in mouse DCs and human PBMCs. The effects of BK were reversed with indomethacin (compound that inhibits production of PGE2, suggesting that BK suppression of IFN responses may be mediated via prostaglandins. These results highlight a novel regulatory mechanism in which members of the KKS control the Type I IFN response and suggest a role for modulators of IFNs in the pathogenesis of lupus and interferonopathies.

  19. Quality evaluation of products with Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek – Celastraceae traded in the city of Umuarama – PR Avaliação da qualidade de produtos contendo Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek – Celastraceae (espinheira-santa comercializados na cidade de Umuarama – PR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ariadne Alvares Yokota

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. Ex Reissek belongs to the Celastraceae family and is used for the treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcer. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of products containing Maytenus ilicifolia traded in the city of Umuarama – PR.. For this purpose, 31 of its samples were bought from herb dealers, pharmacies and supermarkets. Eleven samples were in capsule form, 14 ‘in natura’, 2 in sachet form, one in powder form, and 3 in fluid extract form. The samples were analyzed considering several aspects: packaging evaluation, moisture content, total ashes content, purity evaluation and chromatographic analysis. Results obtained for moisture content showed that only 10.7% of the samples were below the allowed value concerning water content determination (limited at 6% and 67.8% were in accordance with the total ashes content (limited at 8%. The thin layer chromatography (TLC showed that only 29% of the samples were indentified as M. ilicifolia, due to the presence of catechins and epicatechins. Over 50% of the analyzed samples showed high content of impurities. In conclusion, most analyzed samples showed to be inappropriate for consumption, either for the presence of contaminants,or for the ashes and moisture contents, besides inappropriate packaging. A Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. Ex Reissek (espinheira-santa, pertencente à família Celastraceae, é usada popularmente para tratamento de gastrite e de úlcera gástrica. O presente estudo teve como objetivo a análise da qualidade de produtos comercializados na cidade de Umuarama/PR, contendo M. ilicifolia. Para tanto, foram adquiridas 31 amostras de ervanários, farmácias de manipulação e dispensação, e supermercados. As amostras se apresentaram das seguintes formas: 11 na forma de cápsulas, 14 na forma de folhas íntegras, duas na forma de sachês, uma na forma de pó e três na forma de extrato fluido. As amostras foram analisadas sob vários aspectos

  20. Microhardness evaluation around composite restorations using fluoride-containing adhesive systems Avaliação da microdureza ao redor de restaurações de compósito confeccionadas com sistemas adesivos contendo fluoretos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cláudia Silami de Magalhães

    2005-09-01

    utilizaram sistemas adesivos contendo fluoretos (FCAS, após tratamento dessas superfícies restauradas aos protocolos de ciclagem térmica e pH. Cavidades cilíndricas padronizadas foram preparadas em 175 superfícies de esmalte de fragmentos dentais, os quais foram aleatoriamente divididos em sete grupos (n=25. Quatro grupos utilizaram os FCAS: Optibond Solo (OS; Prime&Bond 2.1 (PB; Syntac Sprint (SS e Tenure Quick (TC. Outros grupos consistiram em restaurações "Sandwich" (STR - ionômero de vidro como base + restauração em composíto ou utilizaram Single Bond com (SB ou sem (SBWC ciclagens. Os sistemas adesivos foram aplicados segundo as instruções dos fabricantes e as cavidades restauradas com compósito microparticulado (Durafill VS. Após o acabamento e polimento, todos grupos foram submetidos a 1.000 ciclos térmicos (5 ºC e 55 ºC e a um protocolo de ciclagem de pH (desmineralização-pH 4,3 e remineralização-pH 7,0, exceto para o grupo SBWC. A microdureza das superfícies de esmalte foi mensurada ao redor das restaurações. Indentações foram feitas nas distâncias de 100, 300 and 450-mm da parede cavitária. Os dados foram analisados pela ANOVA (2 fatores and Teste de Duncan (5%. Os valores médios ± DP da microdureza do esmalte para os grupos foram (Kg/mm²: SBWC: 314,50 ± 55,93ª ; SB: 256,78 ± 62,66b; STR: 253,90 ± 83,6b; TQ: 243,93 ± 68,3b; OS: 227,97 ± 67,1c; PB: 213,30 ± 91,3d; SS: 208,73 ± 86,6d. As médias ± DP de microdureza para as distâncias 150, 300, 450 mm da parede cavitária foram, respectivamente: 234,46 ± 77,81ª; 240,24 ± 85,12ª; 262,06 ± 79,46b. O grupo SBWC que não foi submetido aos protocolos de ciclagem térmica e pH mostrou a maior média de microdureza do esmalte e os FCAS resultaram nos menores valores de microdureza. Na distância de 450 mm da parede cavitária, a microdureza apresentou aumento significativo.