NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-CBRE-01-1396 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-CBRE-01-1396 ref|NP_495582.1| ROLler: helically twisted, animals roll when mov...) gb|AAN65281.1| Roller: helically twisted, animals roll when moving protein 8, isoform a [Caenorhabditis elegans] NP_495582.1 1e-79 47% ...

A survey of Type III restriction-modification systems reveals numerous, novel epigenetic regulators controlling phase-variable regulons; phasevarions

Science.gov (United States)

Atack, John M; Yang, Yuedong; Jennings, Michael P

2018-01-01

Abstract Many bacteria utilize simple DNA sequence repeats as a mechanism to randomly switch genes on and off. This process is called phase variation. Several phase-variable N6-adenine DNA-methyltransferases from Type III restriction-modification systems have been reported in bacterial pathogens. Random switching of DNA methyltransferases changes the global DNA methylation pattern, leading to changes in gene expression. These epigenetic regulatory systems are called phasevarions — phase-variable regulons. The extent of these phase-variable genes in the bacterial kingdom is unknown. Here, we interrogated a database of restriction-modification systems, REBASE, by searching for all simple DNA sequence repeats in mod genes that encode Type III N6-adenine DNA-methyltransferases. We report that 17.4% of Type III mod genes (662/3805) contain simple sequence repeats. Of these, only one-fifth have been previously identified. The newly discovered examples are widely distributed and include many examples in opportunistic pathogens as well as in environmental species. In many cases, multiple phasevarions exist in one genome, with examples of up to 4 independent phasevarions in some species. We found several new types of phase-variable mod genes, including the first example of a phase-variable methyltransferase in pathogenic Escherichia coli. Phasevarions are a common epigenetic regulation contingency strategy used by both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria. PMID:29554328

Identification of a DNA restriction-modification system in Pectobacterium carotovorum strains isolated from Poland.

Science.gov (United States)

Waleron, K; Waleron, M; Osipiuk, J; Podhajska, A J; Lojkowska, E

2006-02-01

Polish isolates of pectinolytic bacteria from the species Pectobacterium carotovorum were screened for the presence of a DNA restriction-modification (R-M) system. Eighty-nine strains of P. carotovorum were isolated from infected potato plants. Sixty-six strains belonged to P. carotovorum ssp. atrosepticum and 23 to P. carotovorum ssp. carotovorum. The presence of restriction enzyme Pca17AI, which is an isoschizomer of EcoRII endonuclease, was observed in all isolates of P. c. atrosepticum but not in P. c. carotovorum. The biochemical properties, PCR amplification, and sequences of the Pca17AI restriction endonuclease and methyltransferase genes were compared with the prototype EcoRII R-M system genes. Only when DNA isolated from cells of P. c. atrosepticum was used as a template, amplification of a 680 bp homologous to the gene coding EcoRII endonuclease. Endonuclease Pca17AI, having a relatively low temperature optimum, was identified. PCR amplification revealed that the nucleotide sequence of genes for EcoRII and Pca17AI R-M are different. Dcm methylation was observed in all strains of Pectobacterium and other Erwinia species tested. The sequence of a DNA fragment coding Dcm methylase in P. carotovorum was different from that of Escherichia coli. Pca17AI is the first psychrophilic isoschizomer of EcoRII endonuclease. The presence of specific Dcm methylation in chromosomal DNA isolated from P. carotovorum is described for the first time. A 680 bp PCR product, unique for P. c. atrosepticum strains, could serve as a molecular marker for detection of these bacteria in environmental samples.

Evidence for the presence of restriction/modification systems in Lactobacillus delbrueckii.

Science.gov (United States)

Suárez, Viviana; Zago, Miriam; Giraffa, Giorgio; Reinheimer, Jorge; Quiberoni, Andrea

2009-11-01

The bacteriophages Cb1/204 and Cb1/342 were obtained by induction from the commercial strain Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis Cb1, and propagated on Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis 204 (Lb.l 204) and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus 342 (Lb.b 342), respectively. By cross sensitivity, it was possible to detect a delay in the lysis of Lb.l 204 with Cb1/342 phage, while the adsorption rate was high (99.5%). Modified and unmodified phages were isolated using phage Cb1/342 and strain Lb.l 204. The EOP (Efficiency of Plaquing) values for the four phages (Cb1/204, Cb1/342, Cb1/342modified and Cb1/342unmodified) suggested that an R/M system modified the original temperate phage, and the BglII-DNA restriction patterns of these phages might point out the presence of a Type II R/M system. Also, the existence of a Type I R/M system was demonstrated by PCR and nucleotide sequence, being the percentages of alignment homology with Type I R/M systems reported previously higher than 95%. In this study it was possible to demonstrate that the native phage resistant mechanisms and the occurrence of prophages in commercial host strains, contribute strongly to diversify the phage population in a factory environment.

Fusion of GFP to the M.EcoKI DNA methyltransferase produces a new probe of Type I DNA restriction and modification enzymes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen, Kai; Roberts, Gareth A.; Stephanou, Augoustinos S.; Cooper, Laurie P.; White, John H.; Dryden, David T.F.

2010-01-01

Research highlights: → Successful fusion of GFP to M.EcoKI DNA methyltransferase. → GFP located at C-terminal of sequence specificity subunit does not later enzyme activity. → FRET confirms structural model of M.EcoKI bound to DNA. -- Abstract: We describe the fusion of enhanced green fluorescent protein to the C-terminus of the HsdS DNA sequence-specificity subunit of the Type I DNA modification methyltransferase M.EcoKI. The fusion expresses well in vivo and assembles with the two HsdM modification subunits. The fusion protein functions as a sequence-specific DNA methyltransferase protecting DNA against digestion by the EcoKI restriction endonuclease. The purified enzyme shows Foerster resonance energy transfer to fluorescently-labelled DNA duplexes containing the target sequence and to fluorescently-labelled ocr protein, a DNA mimic that binds to the M.EcoKI enzyme. Distances determined from the energy transfer experiments corroborate the structural model of M.EcoKI.

Chemical display of pyrimidine bases flipped out by modification-dependent restriction endonucleases of MspJI and PvuRts1I families.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Evelina Zagorskaitė

Full Text Available The epigenetic DNA modifications 5-methylcytosine (5mC and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC in eukaryotes are recognized either in the context of double-stranded DNA (e.g., by the methyl-CpG binding domain of MeCP2, or in the flipped-out state (e.g., by the SRA domain of UHRF1. The SRA-like domains and the base-flipping mechanism for 5(hmC recognition are also shared by the recently discovered prokaryotic modification-dependent endonucleases of the MspJI and PvuRts1I families. Since the mechanism of modified cytosine recognition by many potential eukaryotic and prokaryotic 5(hmC "readers" is still unknown, a fast solution based method for the detection of extrahelical 5(hmC would be very useful. In the present study we tested base-flipping by MspJI- and PvuRts1I-like restriction enzymes using several solution-based methods, including fluorescence measurements of the cytosine analog pyrrolocytosine and chemical modification of extrahelical pyrimidines with chloroacetaldehyde and KMnO4. We find that only KMnO4 proved an efficient probe for the positive display of flipped out pyrimidines, albeit the method required either non-physiological pH (4.3 or a substitution of the target cytosine with thymine. Our results imply that DNA recognition mechanism of 5(hmC binding proteins should be tested using a combination of all available methods, as the lack of a positive signal in some assays does not exclude the base flipping mechanism.

75 FR 42598 - Modification of Restricted Area R-3404; Crane, IN

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-22

...-28632; Airspace Docket No. 07-ASW-3] RIN 2120-AA66 Modification of Restricted Area R-3404; Crane, IN... Restricted Area R-3404 at Crane, IN, in support of U.S. Navy ordnance demolition activities. The FAA is...) Crane's Demolition Range. DATES: Effective date 0901 UTC, September 23, 2010. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION...

CRISPR-Cas and Restriction-Modification Act Additively against Conjugative Antibiotic Resistance Plasmid Transfer in Enterococcus faecalis.

Science.gov (United States)

Price, Valerie J; Huo, Wenwen; Sharifi, Ardalan; Palmer, Kelli L

2016-01-01

Enterococcus faecalis is an opportunistic pathogen and a leading cause of nosocomial infections. Conjugative pheromone-responsive plasmids are narrow-host-range mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that are rapid disseminators of antibiotic resistance in the faecalis species. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas and restriction-modification confer acquired and innate immunity, respectively, against MGE acquisition in bacteria. Most multidrug-resistant E. faecalis isolates lack CRISPR-Cas and possess an orphan locus lacking cas genes, CRISPR2, that is of unknown function. Little is known about restriction-modification defense in E. faecalis. Here, we explore the hypothesis that multidrug-resistant E. faecalis strains are immunocompromised. We assessed MGE acquisition by E. faecalis T11, a strain closely related to the multidrug-resistant hospital isolate V583 but which lacks the ~620 kb of horizontally acquired genome content that characterizes V583. T11 possesses the E. faecalis CRISPR3-cas locus and a predicted restriction-modification system, neither of which occurs in V583. We demonstrate that CRISPR-Cas and restriction-modification together confer a 4-log reduction in acquisition of the pheromone-responsive plasmid pAM714 in biofilm matings. Additionally, we show that the orphan CRISPR2 locus is functional for genome defense against another pheromone-responsive plasmid, pCF10, only in the presence of cas9 derived from the E. faecalis CRISPR1-cas locus, which most multidrug-resistant E. faecalis isolates lack. Overall, our work demonstrated that the loss of only two loci led to a dramatic reduction in genome defense against a clinically relevant MGE, highlighting the critical importance of the E. faecalis accessory genome in modulating horizontal gene transfer. Our results rationalize the development of antimicrobial strategies that capitalize upon the immunocompromised status of multidrug-resistant E. faecalis. IMPORTANCE

The restriction-modification genes of Escherichia coli K-12 may not be selfish: they do not resist loss and are readily replaced by alleles conferring different specificities.

Science.gov (United States)

O'Neill, M; Chen, A; Murray, N E

1997-12-23

Type II restriction and modification (R-M) genes have been described as selfish because they have been shown to impose selection for the maintenance of the plasmid that encodes them. In our experiments, the type I R-M system EcoKI does not behave in the same way. The genes specifying EcoKI are, however, normally residents of the chromosome and therefore our analyses were extended to monitor the deletion of chromosomal genes rather than loss of plasmid vector. If EcoKI were to behave in the same way as the plasmid-encoded type II R-M systems, the loss of the relevant chromosomal genes by mutation or recombination should lead to cell death because the cell would become deficient in modification enzyme and the bacterial chromosome would be vulnerable to the restriction endonuclease. Our data contradict this prediction; they reveal that functional type I R-M genes in the chromosome are readily replaced by mutant alleles and by alleles encoding a type I R-M system of different specificity. The acquisition of allelic genes conferring a new sequence specificity, but not the loss of the resident genes, is dependent on the product of an unlinked gene, one predicted [Prakash-Cheng, A., Chung, S. S. & Ryu, J. (1993) Mol. Gen. Genet. 241, 491-496] to be relevant to control of expression of the genes that encode EcoKI. Our evidence suggests that not all R-M systems are evolving as "selfish" units; rather, the diversity and distribution of the family of type I enzymes we have investigated require an alternative selective pressure.

The highly heterogeneous methylated genomes and diverse restriction-modification systems of bloom-forming Microcystis.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Liang; Song, Yulong; Li, Lin; Gan, Nanqin; Brand, Jerry J; Song, Lirong

2018-05-01

The occurrence of harmful Microcystis blooms is increasing in frequency in a myriad of freshwater ecosystems. Despite considerable research pertaining to the cause and nature of these blooms, the molecular mechanisms behind the cosmopolitan distribution and phenotypic diversity in Microcystis are still unclear. We compared the patterns and extent of DNA methylation in three strains of Microcystis, PCC 7806SL, NIES-2549 and FACHB-1757, using Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing technology. Intact restriction-modification (R-M) systems were identified from the genomes of these strains, and from two previously sequenced strains of Microcystis, NIES-843 and TAIHU98. A large number of methylation motifs and R-M genes were identified in these strains, which differ substantially among different strains. Of the 35 motifs identified, eighteen had not previously been reported. Strain NIES-843 contains a larger number of total putative methyltransferase genes than have been reported previously from any bacterial genome. Genomic comparisons reveal that methyltransferases (some partial) may have been acquired from the environment through horizontal gene transfer. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Distribution of espM and espT among enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli

Science.gov (United States)

Arbeloa, Ana; Blanco, Miguel; Moreira, Fabiana C.; Bulgin, Richard; López, Cecilia; Dahbi, Ghizlane; Blanco, Jesús E.; Mora, Azucena; Alonso, María Pilar; Mamani, Rosalia Ceferina; Gomes, Tânia A. T.; Blanco, Jorge; Frankel, Gad

2009-01-01

Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) translocate dozens of type III secretion system effectors, including the WxxxE effectors Map, EspM and EspT that activate Rho GTPases. While map, which is carried on the LEE pathogenicity island, is absolutely conserved among EPEC and EHEC strains, the prevalence of espM and espT is not known. Here we report the results of a large screen aimed at determining the prevalence of espM and espT among clinical EPEC and EHEC isolates. The results suggest that espM, detected in 51 % of the tested strains, is more commonly found in EPEC and EHEC serogroups that are linked to severe human infections. In contrast, espT was absent from all the EHEC isolates and was found in only 1.8 % of the tested EPEC strains. Further characterization of the virulence gene repertoire of the espT-positive strains led to the identification of a new ζ2 intimin variant. All the espT-positive strains but two contained the tccP gene. espT was first found in Citrobacter rodentium and later in silico in EPEC E110019, which is of particular interest as this strain was responsible for a particularly severe diarrhoeal outbreak in Finland in 1987 that affected 650 individuals in a school complex and an additional 137 associated household members. Comparing the protein sequences of EspT to that of E110019 showed a high level of conservation, with only three strains encoding EspT that differed in 6 amino acids. At present, it is not clear why espT is so rare, and what impact EspM and EspT have on EPEC and EHEC infection. PMID:19528152

The Literal Translation Hypothesis in ESP Teaching/Learning Environments

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro A. Fuertes-Olivera

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Research on the characteristics of specialized vocabulary usually replicates studies that deal with general words, e.g. they typically describe frequent terms and focus on their linguistic characteristics to aid in the learning and acquisition of the terms. We dispute this practise, as we believe that the basic characteristic of terms is that they are coined to restrict meaning, i.e. to be as precise and as specific as possible in a particular context. For instance, around 70% of English and Spanish accounting terms are multi-word terms, most of which contain more than three orthographic words that syntactically behave in a way that is very different from the syntactic behaviour of the node on which they are formed (Fuertes-Olivera and Tarp, forthcoming. This has prompted us to propose a research framework that investigates whether or not the literal translation hypothesis, which has been addressed in several areas of translation studies, can also be applied in ESP teaching/learning environments. If plausible, the assumptions on which this hypothesis is based can shed light on how learners disambiguate terms they encounter. Within this framework, this paper presents evidence that the literal translation hypothesis is possible in ESP; it offers the results of a pilot study that sheds light on how this hypothesis may work, and also discusses its usability in the context of ESP learning. In particular, this paper presents strategies for teaching multi-word terms that are different from those currently based on corpus data. We believe that exercises such as “cloze”, “fill in” and similar “guessing” exercises must be abandoned in ESP teaching/learning environments. Instead, we propose exercises that reproduce L1 teaching and learning activities, i.e., exercises that are typically used when acquiring specialised knowledge and skills in any domain, e.g. taking part in meetings and giving presentations in a business context.

Hot stuff : ultra-high temperature ESP system installed in SAGD wells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

2010-10-15

Ultra-temperature electrical submersible pumping (ESP) systems have been installed in steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) wells for the first time at a thermal project in Christina Lake, Alberta. The Centrilift XP ESP production system that is being field tested can operate at fluid temperatures reaching 250 degrees C, higher than conventional systems, which is expected to result in an increase in production with a larger steam chamber and less viscous oil at higher steaming temperatures. The more robust system is expected to extend run life and lower operating costs. Years of research and development at specialized testing facilities went into creating the system. The unique testing facilities simulated the horizontal orientation and temperature cycling characteristics of SAGD wells and permitted the system to be tested at temperatures up to 300 degrees C. The new system is expected to lower infrastructure costs for SAGD wells that require high temperatures. 1 fig.

Restriction-modification mediated barriers to exogenous DNA uptake and incorporation employed by Prevotella intermedia.

Science.gov (United States)

Johnston, Christopher D; Skeete, Chelsey A; Fomenkov, Alexey; Roberts, Richard J; Rittling, Susan R

2017-01-01

Prevotella intermedia, a major periodontal pathogen, is increasingly implicated in human respiratory tract and cystic fibrosis lung infections. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms employed by this pathogen remain only partially characterized and poorly understood, largely due to its total lack of genetic accessibility. Here, using Single Molecule, Real-Time (SMRT) genome and methylome sequencing, bisulfite sequencing, in addition to cloning and restriction analysis, we define the specific genetic barriers to exogenous DNA present in two of the most widespread laboratory strains, P. intermedia ATCC 25611 and P. intermedia Strain 17. We identified and characterized multiple restriction-modification (R-M) systems, some of which are considerably divergent between the two strains. We propose that these R-M systems are the root cause of the P. intermedia transformation barrier. Additionally, we note the presence of conserved Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR) systems in both strains, which could provide a further barrier to exogenous DNA uptake and incorporation. This work will provide a valuable resource during the development of a genetic system for P. intermedia, which will be required for fundamental investigation of this organism's physiology, metabolism, and pathogenesis in human disease.

Comparative Genomics Reveals the Diversity of Restriction-Modification Systems and DNA Methylation Sites in Listeria monocytogenes.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Poyin; den Bakker, Henk C; Korlach, Jonas; Kong, Nguyet; Storey, Dylan B; Paxinos, Ellen E; Ashby, Meredith; Clark, Tyson; Luong, Khai; Wiedmann, Martin; Weimer, Bart C

2017-02-01

which manifests as gastroenteritis, meningoencephalitis, and abortion. Among Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Campylobacter, and Listeria-causing the most prevalent foodborne illnesses-infection by L. monocytogenes carries the highest mortality rate. The ability of L. monocytogenes to regulate its response to various harsh environments enables its persistence and transmission. Small-scale comparisons of L. monocytogenes focusing solely on genome contents reveal a highly syntenic genome yet fail to address the observed diversity in phenotypic regulation. This study provides a large-scale comparison of 302 L. monocytogenes isolates, revealing the importance of the epigenome and restriction-modification systems as major determinants of L. monocytogenes phylogenetic grouping and subsequent phenotypic expression. Further examination of virulence genes of select outbreak strains reveals an unprecedented diversity in methylation statuses despite high degrees of genome conservation. Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.

Generation of a restriction minus enteropathogenic Escherichia coli E2348/69 strain that is efficiently transformed with large, low copy plasmids

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Ward Jordan D

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Many microbes possess restriction-modification systems that protect them from parasitic DNA molecules. Unfortunately, the presence of a restriction-modification system in a given microbe also hampers genetic analysis. Although plasmids can be successfully conjugated into the enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strain E2348/69 and optimized protocols for competent cell preparation have been developed, we found that a large, low copy (~15 bioluminescent reporter plasmid, pJW15, that we modified for use in EPEC, was exceedingly difficult to transform into E2348/69. We reasoned that a restriction-modification system could be responsible for the low transformation efficiency of E2348/69 and sought to identify and inactivate the responsible gene(s, with the goal of creating an easily transformable strain of EPEC that could complement existing protocols for genetic manipulation of this important pathogen. Results Using bioinformatics, we identified genes in the unfinished enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC strain E2348/69 genome whose predicted products bear homology to the HsdM methyltransferases, HsdS specificity subunits, and HsdR restriction endonucleases of type I restriction-modification systems. We constructed a strain carrying a deletion of the conserved enzymatic domain of the EPEC HsdR homologue, NH4, and showed that its transformation efficiency was up to four orders of magnitude higher than that of the parent strain. Further, the modification capacity of NH4 remained intact, since plasmids that were normally recalcitrant to transformation into E2348/69 could be transformed upon passage through NH4. NH4 was unaffected in virulence factor production, since bundle forming pilus (BFP subunits and type III secreted (T3S proteins were present at equivalent levels to those seen in E2348/69. Further, NH4 was indistinguishable from E2348/69 in tissue culture infection model assays of localized adherence and T3S. Conclusion We

A Herschel view of IC 1396 A: Unveiling the different sequences of star formation

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sicilia-Aguilar, Aurora; Roccatagliata, Veronica; Getman, Konstantin; Henning, Thomas; Merín, Bruno; Eiroa, Carlos; Rivière-Marichalar, Pablo; Currie, Thayne

Context. The IC 1396 A globule, located to the west of the young cluster Tr 37, is known to host many very young stars and protostars, and is also assumed to be a site of triggered star formation. Aims: Our aim is to test the triggering mechanisms and sequences leading to star formation in Tr 37 and

ESP-TIMOC code manual

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jaarsma, R.; Perlado, J.M.; Rief, H.

1978-01-01

ESP-TIMOC is an 'Event Scanning Program' to analyse the events (collision or boundary crossing parameters) of Monte Carlo particle transport problems. It is a modular program and belongs to the TIMOC code system. ESP-TIMOC is primarily designed to calculate the time dependent response functions such as energy dependent fluxes and currents at interfaces. An eventual extension to other quantities is simple and straight forward

Krmiljenje DC motorja z mikrokrmilnikom ESP32

OpenAIRE

Pleterski, Jan

2017-01-01

Sodobni mikrokrmilniki z integriranimi brezžičnimi komunikacijskimi moduli omogočajo razvoj novih aplikacij interneta stvari (ang. Internet of Things), kjer do komunikacije pride brez neposrednega človeškega posredovanja. Cilj zaključne naloge je preizkusiti mikrokrmilnik ESP32 Thing, še posebej njegove nove zmožnosti brezžične povezave. Mikrokrmilnik je preizkušan s PID krmiljenjem DC motorja s programiranjem v programskih okoljih Arduino in ESP-IDF. Zaključno delo je osredotočeno predvse...

Improving the FGD absorber and ESP performance at Iskenderun power plant

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Atmaca, Guerkan [ISKEN Enerji Uretim A.S., Ceyhan-Adana (Turkey); Stratmann, Werner; Wortmann, Birgit [STEAG Energy Services GmbH, Essen (Germany)

2012-07-01

The Iskenderun power plant is located at the bay of Iskenderun in the Province of Adana in the south of Turkey. Two units with a total output of 1,210 MW are operated. The annual fuel - imported coal from Colombia and South Africa - consumption amounts to about 3.3 million tonnes tce. To meet the SO{sub x} and particulate limits values it was necessary to improve the performance of the FGD scrubber and the electrostatic precipitator (ESP). In the first step, the potential of a fluid flow optimisation of both the scrubber and the ESP was determined by simulating the 'as build' situation (reference cases) with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. In the second step, several possible variants of component modifications and structures were analysed and evaluated. In a last step the most improving modifications were proposed. (orig.)

Epitopes associated with MHC restriction site of T cells. III. I-J epitope on MHC-restricted T helper cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Asano, Y.; Nakayama, T.; Kubo, M.; Yagi, J.; Tada, T.

1987-01-01

I-J epitopes were found to be associated with the functional site of the class II MHC-restricted helper T (Th) cells: Virtually all of the H-2k-restricted Th cell function of H-2kxbF1 T cells was inhibited by the anti-I-Jk mAb, leaving the H-2b-restricted function unaffected. The I-Jk epitope was inducible in Th cells of different genotype origin according to the environmental class II antigens present in the early ontogeny of T cells. Although above results suggested that I-J is the structure reflecting the inducible MHC restriction specificity, further studies revealed some interesting controversies: First, the I-J phenotype did not always correlate with the class II restriction specificity, e.g., I-Ab-restricted Th from 5R was I-Jk-positive, whereas I-Ak-restricted Th of 4R was not. Second, there was no trans expression of parental I-J phenotypes and restriction specificities in F1 Th, e.g., the I-J phenotype was detected only on I-Ab-restricted Th of (4R X 5R)F1, whereas it was absent on I-Ak-restricted Th. This strict linkage between the restriction specificity and I-J phenotype was also found on Th cells developed in bone marrow chimera constructed with intra-H-2-recombinant mice. The expression of I-Jk was always associated with the restriction specificity of the relevant host. Thus, the restriction specificity of Th cells followed the host type, and the I-J expression on Th was exactly the same as that expressed by the host haplotype. These results indicate that I-J is an isomorphic structure adaptively expressed on Th cells that is involved in the unidirectional regulatory cell interactions, and that the polymorphism cannot be explained merely by the restriction specificity of the conventional T cell receptor heterodimer

TIMOC-ESP, Time-Dependent Response Function by Monte-Carlo with Interface to Program TIMOC-72

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jaarsma, R.; Perlando, J.M.; Rief, H.

1981-01-01

1 - Description of problem or function: TIMOC-ESP is an 'Event Scanning Program' to analyse the events (collision or boundary crossing parameters) of Monte Carlo particle transport problems. It is a modular program and belongs to the TIMOC code system. Whilst TIMOC-72 deals with stationary problems, the time-dependence is dealt with in ESP. TIMOC-ESP is primarily designed to calculate the time-dependent response functions such as energy-dependent fluxes and currents at interfaces. 2 - Method of solution: The output of TIMOC-72 is transferred to TIMOC-ESP using a data set which acts as an interface between the two programs. Time dependent transport events are sampled at each crossing of any specified boundary in TIMOC. TIMOC-72 provides the parameters for ESP which are: - time of the event; - neutron weight; - cosine of the angle between the flight direction and the normal to the surface; - the indices of both regions; - the history number. Fundamentally, three time options are permitted by ESP, which give the current, the angular flux and the time-integrated flux functions between two specified regions. An eventual extension to other quantities is simple and straight- forward - ESP will accept input data for other options such as the calculation of the point flux, the collision density and the flux derived from this estimator, but the coding required for these calculations has yet to be implemented (1977). 3 - Restrictions on the complexity of the problem: The number of parameters must be between 5 and 50. The number of time intervals is at most 50

Evaluation system for pesticides (ESPE) 2. Non-agricultural pesticides. To be incorporated into the Uniform System for the Evaluation of Substances (USES)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Luttik R; Emans HJB; Poel P van der; Linders JBHJ

1993-01-01

After the presentation of the Evaluation System for Pesticides (ESPE) 1. Agricultural pesticides (Emans et al. 1992) this present report is describing the logical successor ESPE 2: non-agricultural pesticides. Starting with an extensive emission analysis of the different types

Restricting Factors at Modification of Parameters of Associative Engineering Objects

Science.gov (United States)

Horváth, László

Advancements in product development have reached full integration of engineering activities and processes in product lifecycle management (PLM) systems. PLM systems are based on high-level modeling, simulation and data management. Despite significant development of modeling in PLM systems, a strong demand was recognized for improved decision assistance in product development. Decision assistance can be improved by application of methods from the area of computer intelligence. In order for a product development company to stay competitive, it is important for its modeling system to be relied on local even personal knowledge. The authors analyzed current PLM systems for shortcomings and possibilities for extended intelligence at decision-making during product development. They propose methods in order to increase suitability of current modeling systems to accommodate knowledge based IT at definition of sets of parameters of modeled objects and in the management of frequent changes of modeled objects. In the center of the proposed methodology, constrained parameters act as restricting factors at definition and modification of parameters of associative engineering objects. Paper starts with an outlook to modeling in current engineering systems and preliminary results by the authors. Following this, groups of essential information as handled by he proposed modeling are summarized and procedures for processing of that groups of information are detailed. Next, management of chains of changes along chains of associa-tive product objects and a new style of decision assistance in modeling systems are explained. Changes are created or verified by behavior analysis. Finally, behavior analysis, human intent combination, product data view creation, and change management are discussed as the proposed integrated and coordinated methodology for enhanced support of decision-making in product development.

Adaptive antenna system by ESP32-PICO-D4 and its application to web radio system

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Toshiro Kodera

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Adaptive antenna technique has an important role in the IoT environment in order to establish reliable and stable wireless communication in high congestion situation. Even if knowing antenna characteristics in advance, electromagnetic wave propagation in non-line-of-sight environment is very complex and unpredictable, therefore, the adjustment the antenna radiation for the optimum signal reception is important for the better wireless link. This article presents a simple but effective adaptive antenna system for Wi-Fi utilizing the function of a highly integrated component, ESP32-PICO-D4. This chip is a system-in-chip containing all components for Wi-Fi and Bluetooth application except for antenna. Together with SP3T RF switch and dielectric antennas and high-resolution audio DAC, completed web-radio system is made in the size of 50 × 50 mm. Keywords: Beam switching, Adaptive antenna, System-in-chip, ESP32, Web-radio

Transmission of the PabI family of restriction DNA glycosylase genes: mobility and long-term inheritance.

Science.gov (United States)

Kojima, Kenji K; Kobayashi, Ichizo

2015-10-19

R.PabI is an exceptional restriction enzyme that functions as a DNA glycosylase. The enzyme excises an unmethylated base from its recognition sequence to generate apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites, and also displays AP lyase activity, cleaving the DNA backbone at the AP site to generate the 3'-phospho alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehyde end in addition to the 5'-phosphate end. The resulting ends are difficult to religate with DNA ligase. The enzyme was originally isolated in Pyrococcus, a hyperthermophilic archaeon, and additional homologs subsequently identified in the epsilon class of the Gram-negative bacterial phylum Proteobacteria, such as Helicobacter pylori. Systematic analysis of R.PabI homologs and their neighboring genes in sequenced genomes revealed co-occurrence of R.PabI with M.PabI homolog methyltransferase genes. R.PabI and M.PabI homolog genes are occasionally found at corresponding (orthologous) loci in different species, such as Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter acinonychis and Helicobacter cetorum, indicating long-term maintenance of the gene pair. One R.PabI and M.PabI homolog gene pair is observed immediately after the GMP synthase gene in both Campylobacter and Helicobacter, representing orthologs beyond genera. The mobility of the PabI family of restriction-modification (RM) system between genomes is evident upon comparison of genomes of sibling strains/species. Analysis of R.PabI and M.PabI homologs in H. pylori revealed an insertion of integrative and conjugative elements (ICE), and replacement with a gene of unknown function that may specify a membrane-associated toxin (hrgC). In view of the similarity of HrgC with toxins in type I toxin-antitoxin systems, we addressed the biological significance of this substitution. Our data indicate that replacement with hrgC occurred in the common ancestor of hspAmerind and hspEAsia. Subsequently, H. pylori with and without hrgC were intermixed at this locus, leading to complex distribution of hrgC in East

What can ESP do ?

Science.gov (United States)

Noguchi, Judy

ESP (English for Specific Purposes) has been the focus of much attention recently but the question arises of “what can ESP do?” Proposed here are three things that are possible with ESP. The first is using ESP as a tool to help students who are not English majors learn how language “works” via the concept of genre texts. The second is using an ESP approach to simulate professional communication contexts in order to raise student interest and motivation. The third is to aim for ESP bilingualism, which is a realistic and attainable goal. All three points will be illustrated with specific examples.

Extreme diagenesis displayed by Pliocene-Pleistocene Calcareous Nannofossils in IODP Hole 1396A, adjacent to Montserrat Island in the Lesser Antilles

Science.gov (United States)

Aljahdali, M. H.; Behzad, A.; Missimer, T. M.; Wise, S. W.; Scientists, E.

2013-12-01

Adjacent to Montserrat Island in the Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean Sea, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Site 1396 recovered lower Pliocene to Pleistocene calcareous nannofossil assemblages (CN11 to CN15) that range between common to abundant and display a variety of preservations. High-resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observation of calcareous nannofossil assemblages in selected samples from Hole 1396A, shows severe diagenesis (overgrowth and/or dissolution) even near the top of the sequence. The nannofossil assemblages in this relatively shallow basin (e.g., 800 m) reveal abnormal diagenesis for such young specimens that are quite similar to the heavy overgrowths and dissolution generally seen only in older deposits (e.g., Cretaceous). Our hypothesis is that volcanic activity in the region probably induced this extreme diagenesis. A more detailed examination of these samples should provide a better understanding of the progression of carbonate diagenesis in this basin. The nannofossil biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy at Site 1396 also suggest lower sedimentation rates in the Pleistocene than in the Pliocene. A comparison site (ODP Leg 165 Site 1000) in the Caribbean Sea also shows a similar sedimentation-rate pattern. This we interpret as a regional event caused by the closure of the Central American Seaway.

Application of ESP for gas cleaning in cement industry--with reference to India.

Science.gov (United States)

Bapat, J D

2001-02-16

Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) are used for gas cleaning in almost every section of cement manufacture. Application of ESP is studied, keeping in view Indian conditions. The characterisation of dust emissions has been done for different units, such as rotary kiln and raw mill, alkali by-pass, clinker cooler, cement and coal mill, in terms of exit gas quantity, temperature, dew point, dust content and particle size. It is seen that all these characteristics have a wide range of variance. The ESP system must effectively deal with these variations. The fundamental analytical expression governing the performance of ESP, i.e. the Deutsch equation, and that for particle migration velocity, were analysed to predict the effect of major operating parameters, namely particle size, temperature and applied voltage. Whereas the migration velocity (and the efficiency) varies directly with the particle size, it is proportional to the square and square root of applied voltage and absolute temperature of the gas, respectively. The increase in efficiency due to temperature is not seen in dc based ESP, perhaps due to more pronounced negative effect on the applied voltage due to the increase in dust resistivity at higher temperatures. The effect of gas and dust characteristics on the collection efficiency of ESP, as seen in the industrial practice, is summarised. Some main process and design improvements effectively dealing with the problem of gas and dust characteristics have been discussed. These are gas conditioning, pulse energization, ESP-fabric filter (FF) combination, improved horizontal flow as well as open top ESP.Generally, gas conditioning entails higher operating and maintenance costs. Pulse energization allows the use of hot gas, besides reducing the dust emission and power consumption. The improved horizontal flow ESP has been successfully used in coal dust cleaning. The open top or vertical flow ESP has a limitation on collection efficiency as it provides for only

Structure of EspB from the ESX-1 type VII secretion system and insights into its export mechanism.

Science.gov (United States)

Solomonson, Matthew; Setiaputra, Dheva; Makepeace, Karl A T; Lameignere, Emilie; Petrotchenko, Evgeniy V; Conrady, Deborah G; Bergeron, Julien R; Vuckovic, Marija; DiMaio, Frank; Borchers, Christoph H; Yip, Calvin K; Strynadka, Natalie C J

2015-03-03

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) uses the ESX-1 type VII secretion system to export virulence proteins across its lipid-rich cell wall, which helps permeabilize the host's macrophage phagosomal membrane, facilitating the escape and cell-to-cell spread of Mtb. ESX-1 membranolytic activity depends on a set of specialized secreted Esp proteins, the structure and specific roles of which are not currently understood. Here, we report the X-ray and electron microscopic structures of the ESX-1-secreted EspB. We demonstrate that EspB adopts a PE/PPE-like fold that mediates oligomerization with apparent heptameric symmetry, generating a barrel-shaped structure with a central pore that we propose contributes to the macrophage killing functions of EspB. Our structural data also reveal unexpected direct interactions between the EspB bipartite secretion signal sequence elements that form a unified aromatic surface. These findings provide insight into how specialized proteins encoded within the ESX-1 locus are targeted for secretion, and for the first time indicate an oligomerization-dependent role for Esp virulence factors. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Fishing-gear restrictions and biomass gains for coral reef fishes in marine protected areas.

Science.gov (United States)

Campbell, Stuart J; Edgar, Graham J; Stuart-Smith, Rick D; Soler, German; Bates, Amanda E

2018-04-01

Considerable empirical evidence supports recovery of reef fish populations with fishery closures. In countries where full exclusion of people from fishing may be perceived as inequitable, fishing-gear restrictions on nonselective and destructive gears may offer socially relevant management alternatives to build recovery of fish biomass. Even so, few researchers have statistically compared the responses of tropical reef fisheries to alternative management strategies. We tested for the effects of fishery closures and fishing gear restrictions on tropical reef fish biomass at the community and family level. We conducted 1,396 underwater surveys at 617 unique sites across a spatial hierarchy within 22 global marine ecoregions that represented 5 realms. We compared total biomass across local fish assemblages and among 20 families of reef fishes inside marine protected areas (MPAs) with different fishing restrictions: no-take, hook-and-line fishing only, several fishing gears allowed, and sites open to all fishing gears. We included a further category representing remote sites, where fishing pressure is low. As expected, full fishery closures, (i.e., no-take zones) most benefited community- and family-level fish biomass in comparison with restrictions on fishing gears and openly fished sites. Although biomass responses to fishery closures were highly variable across families, some fishery targets (e.g., Carcharhinidae and Lutjanidae) responded positively to multiple restrictions on fishing gears (i.e., where gears other than hook and line were not permitted). Remoteness also positively affected the response of community-level fish biomass and many fish families. Our findings provide strong support for the role of fishing restrictions in building recovery of fish biomass and indicate important interactions among fishing-gear types that affect biomass of a diverse set of reef fish families. © 2017 Society for Conservation Biology.

Evaluation of Two ESP Textbooks

Science.gov (United States)

Al Fraidan, Abdullah

2012-01-01

This paper evaluated two ESP textbooks using the evaluation of McDonough and Shaw (2003) based on external and internal evaluation. The first textbook is "Business Objectives" (1996) by Vicki Hollett, and the second textbook is "Business Studies, Second Edition" (2002) by Alain Anderton. To avoid repetition, I will use BO and…

Selfish restriction modification genes: resistance of a resident R/M plasmid to displacement by an incompatible plasmid mediated by host killing.

Science.gov (United States)

Naito, Y; Naito, T; Kobayashi, I

1998-01-01

Previous work from this laboratory demonstrated that plasmids carrying a type II restriction-modification gene complex are not easily lost from their bacterial host because plasmid-free segregant cells are killed through chromosome cleavage. Here, we have followed the course of events that takes place when an Escherichia coli rec BC sbcA strain carrying a plasmid coding for the PaeR7I restriction-modification (R/M) gene complex is transformed by a plasmid with an identical origin of replication. The number of transformants that appeared was far fewer than with the restriction-minus (r-) control. Most of the transformants were very small. After prolonged incubation, the number and the size of the colonies increased, but this increase never attained the level of the r- control. Most of the transformed colonies retained the drug-resistance of the resident, r+ m+ plasmid. These results indicate that post-segregational host killing occurs when a plasmid bearing an R/M gene complex is displaced by an incompatible plasmid. Such cell killing eliminates the competitor plasmid along with the host and, thus, would allow persistence of the R/M plasmid in the neighboring, clonal host cells in nature. This phenomenon is reminiscent of mammalian apoptosis and other forms of altruistic cell death strategy against infection. This type of resistance to displacement was also studied in a wild type Escherichia coli strain that was normal for homologous recombination (rec+). A number of differences between the recBC sbcA strain and the rec+ strain were observed and these will be discussed.

EBR-II argon cooling system restricted fuel handling I and C upgrade

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Start, S.E.; Carlson, R.B.; Gehrman, R.L.

1995-01-01

The instrumentation and control of the Argon Cooling System (ACS) restricted fuel handling control system at Experimental Breeder Reactor II (EBR-II) is being upgraded from a system comprised of many discrete components and controllers to a computerized system with a graphical user interface (GUI). This paper describes the aspects of the upgrade including reasons for the upgrade, the old control system, upgrade goals, design decisions, philosophies and rationale, and the new control system hardware and software

OLI/ESP Modeling Of The Semi-Integrated Pilot Plant For Estimate Of Campaigns I-IV Simulant Volumes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

CARL, BARNES

2004-01-01

Four SIPP campaigns have been planned to investigate the effect of recycle streams on the RPP-WTP pretreatment process such as the filter flux rate and other areas of interest. This document describes OLI/ESP modeling work done in support of the planning and operation of the SIPP. An existing OLI/ESP steady-state model was expanded to represent the pretreatment system through to the TLP evaporator for the LAW train and the washed sludge for the HLW train. The model was used to investigate alternative operating scenarios, determine the optimum volumetric waste feed ratio of AP-101 to AY-102, and, for each campaign, estimate the simulant and input recycle volumes corresponding to the target glass production rates of 6MT/day HLW glass and 80MT/day LAW glass and scaled to the target of 140L of Campaign I washed sludge. It was designed to quickly achieve steady state and simulation results indicate this was accomplished by Campaign IV. The alternative operating scenarios modeled differed only in the point at which the AP-101 and AY-102 waste feed streams were introduced to the process. The results showed no difference in the production rate between the scenarios. Therefore, for these specific waste feeds the process should be operated to maximize the energy efficiency and minimize scaling in the evaporator by feeding the AY-102 waste feed to the ultra-filtration feed prep tank, bypassing the waste feed evaporator

SIZE REDUCTION OF ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR CHAMBER BY MODIFICATION OF GAS FLOW DISTRIBUTION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beata Sładkowska-Rybka

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Electrostatic precipitators (ESP are one of the most effective devices for particulate emission control, removing from the exhaust gases even 99,9 % of dust particles. The collection efficiency of the ESP depends on a number of factors: mechanical design and electrical operating parameters, physical and chemical properties of cleaned gas, characteristic of dust particles suspended in the gas. Among the most important factors affecting the ESP effectiveness, the velocity and the distribution of gas flow in the ESP chamber should be also indicated. Significant increase in ESP efficiency is possible thanks to the application of Skewed Gas Flow Technology (SGFT. In this paper the computer simulations results are shown. Authors investigated the possibility of ESP chamber size reduction by modification of gas flow distribution.

ESP--Things Fall Apart?

Science.gov (United States)

Waters, Alan

This paper asserts that a gap is developing in English for Special Purposes (ESP) between theory and practice, between received wisdom and grassroots activity that are important to understand when considering the future of ESP. Evidence for these gaps in ESP are discussed in detail in the context of course design, academic input, and the…

Highlights of the DNA cutters: a short history of the restriction enzymes.

Science.gov (United States)

Loenen, Wil A M; Dryden, David T F; Raleigh, Elisabeth A; Wilson, Geoffrey G; Murray, Noreen E

2014-01-01

In the early 1950's, 'host-controlled variation in bacterial viruses' was reported as a non-hereditary phenomenon: one cycle of viral growth on certain bacterial hosts affected the ability of progeny virus to grow on other hosts by either restricting or enlarging their host range. Unlike mutation, this change was reversible, and one cycle of growth in the previous host returned the virus to its original form. These simple observations heralded the discovery of the endonuclease and methyltransferase activities of what are now termed Type I, II, III and IV DNA restriction-modification systems. The Type II restriction enzymes (e.g. EcoRI) gave rise to recombinant DNA technology that has transformed molecular biology and medicine. This review traces the discovery of restriction enzymes and their continuing impact on molecular biology and medicine.

Proposal of modification of the Atucha I nuclear power plant's emergency power supply system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Palacio, Pedro; Dabove, Mario

1989-01-01

The emergency power supply system of Atucha I N.P.P. consists of three 50% diesel generators. During the transient from normal power supply to emergency power supply (approximately 15 seconds) an hydraulic generator takes care of the emergency system. By this way, the emergency busbars constitute themselves an interruption free system. The two emergency busbars work normally coupled. This proposal consists of the following modifications: 1) Add a new diesel generator in order to allow the operation with two diesel generators per busbar. 2) To work with the two emergency busbars not coupled as normal operation mode. 3) To eliminate the hydraulic generator from the emergency power supply system, in order to simplify the operation and to reduce the failure possibility. Without the hydraulic turbine generator, the emergency busbars loose the interruption free condition. For this reason, for the loads that are not able for this mode of operation and are connected to the emergency power supply system, two additional low-voltage interruption free busbars are necessary. Finally, this proposal is compared with the Atucha II N.P.P. emergency power supply system. (Author)

Behavior of restriction–modification systems as selfish mobile elements and their impact on genome evolution

Science.gov (United States)

Kobayashi, Ichizo

2001-01-01

Restriction–modification (RM) systems are composed of genes that encode a restriction enzyme and a modification methylase. RM systems sometimes behave as discrete units of life, like viruses and transposons. RM complexes attack invading DNA that has not been properly modified and thus may serve as a tool of defense for bacterial cells. However, any threat to their maintenance, such as a challenge by a competing genetic element (an incompatible plasmid or an allelic homologous stretch of DNA, for example) can lead to cell death through restriction breakage in the genome. This post-segregational or post-disturbance cell killing may provide the RM complexes (and any DNA linked with them) with a competitive advantage. There is evidence that they have undergone extensive horizontal transfer between genomes, as inferred from their sequence homology, codon usage bias and GC content difference. They are often linked with mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, viruses, transposons and integrons. The comparison of closely related bacterial genomes also suggests that, at times, RM genes themselves behave as mobile elements and cause genome rearrangements. Indeed some bacterial genomes that survived post-disturbance attack by an RM gene complex in the laboratory have experienced genome rearrangements. The avoidance of some restriction sites by bacterial genomes may result from selection by past restriction attacks. Both bacteriophages and bacteria also appear to use homologous recombination to cope with the selfish behavior of RM systems. RM systems compete with each other in several ways. One is competition for recognition sequences in post-segregational killing. Another is super-infection exclusion, that is, the killing of the cell carrying an RM system when it is infected with another RM system of the same regulatory specificity but of a different sequence specificity. The capacity of RM systems to act as selfish, mobile genetic elements may underlie the structure and

The Helicobacter pylori HpyAXII restriction–modification system limits exogenous DNA uptake by targeting GTAC sites but shows asymmetric conservation of the DNA methyltransferase and restriction endonuclease components

Science.gov (United States)

Humbert, Olivier; Salama, Nina R.

2008-01-01

The naturally competent organism Helicobacter pylori encodes a large number of restriction–modification (R–M) systems that consist of a restriction endonuclease and a DNA methyltransferase. R–M systems are not only believed to limit DNA exchange among bacteria but may also have other cellular functions. We report a previously uncharacterized H. pylori type II R–M system, M.HpyAXII/R.HpyAXII. We show that this system targets GTAC sites, which are rare in the H. pylori chromosome but numerous in ribosomal RNA genes. As predicted, this type II R–M system showed attributes of a selfish element. Deletion of the methyltransferase M.HpyAXII is lethal when associated with an active endonuclease R.HpyAXII unless compensated by adaptive mutation or gene amplification. R.HpyAXII effectively restricted both unmethylated plasmid and chromosomal DNA during natural transformation and was predicted to belong to the novel ‘half pipe’ structural family of endonucleases. Analysis of a panel of clinical isolates revealed that R.HpyAXII was functional in a small number of H. pylori strains (18.9%, n = 37), whereas the activity of M.HpyAXII was highly conserved (92%, n = 50), suggesting that GTAC methylation confers a selective advantage to H. pylori. However, M.HpyAXII activity did not enhance H. pylori fitness during stomach colonization of a mouse infection model. PMID:18978016

Esp Research Trends in Asian Context

OpenAIRE

Jantaravipark, Arpawan; Sa-ngiamwibool, Amporn

2015-01-01

Due to the influence of global and regional economic changes, English for Specific Purposes (ESP) plays a more vital role in English language studies worldwide, including in Asian context. A look at any issues relat-ing to Asian ESP will shed light to the needs of English in this content. This present study therefore sur-veyed recent trends of ESP research in this context, with the purpose of the study which aimed to explore recent trends in Asian ESP research from 2005 to 2013. The Asian ESP...

CRISPR-Cas and Restriction-Modification Act Additively against Conjugative Antibiotic Resistance Plasmid Transfer in Enterococcus faecalis

OpenAIRE

Price, Valerie J.; Huo, Wenwen; Sharifi, Ardalan; Palmer, Kelli L.

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Enterococcus faecalis is an opportunistic pathogen and a leading cause of nosocomial infections. Conjugative pheromone-responsive plasmids are narrow-host-range mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that are rapid disseminators of antibiotic resistance in the faecalis species. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas and restriction-modification confer acquired and innate immunity, respectively, against MGE acquisition in bacteria. Most multidrug-resistant E.?fa...

Anti-Restriction Protein, KlcAHS, Promotes Dissemination of Carbapenem Resistance

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xiaofei Jiang

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC has emerged and spread throughout the world. A retrospective analysis was performed on carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolated at our teaching hospital during the period 2009–2010, when the initial outbreak occurred. To determine the mechanism(s that underlies the increased infectivity exhibited by KPC, Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST was conducted. A series of plasmids was also extracted, sequenced and analyzed. Concurrently, the complete sequences of blaKPC−2-harboring plasmids deposited in GenBank were summarized and aligned. The blaKPC−2 and KlcAHS genes in the carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates were examined. E. coli strains, carrying different Type I Restriction and Modification (RM systems, were selected to study the interaction between RM systems, anti-RM systems and horizontal gene transfer (HGT. The ST11 clone predominated among 102 carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates, all harbored the blaKPC−2 gene; 98% contained the KlcAHS gene. KlcAHS was one of the core genes in the backbone region of most blaKPC−2 carrying plasmids. Type I RM systems in the host bacteria reduced the rate of pHS10842 plasmid transformation by 30- to 40-fold. Presence of the anti-restriction protein, KlcAHS, on the other hand, increased transformation efficiency by 3- to 6-fold. These results indicate that RM systems can significantly restrict HGT. In contrast, KlcAHS can disrupt the RM systems and promote HGT by transformation. These findings suggest that the anti-restriction protein, KlcAHS, represents a novel mechanism that facilitates the increased transfer of blaKPC-2 and KlcAHS-carrying plasmids among K. pneumoniae strains.

Interdomain communication in the endonuclease/motor subunit of type I restriction-modification enzyme EcoR124I

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Sinha, Dhiraj; Shamayeva, Katerina; Ramasubramani, V.; Řeha, David; Bialevich, V.; Khabiri, Morteza; Guzanová, Alena; Milbar, N.; Weiserová, Marie; Cséfalvay, Eva; Carey, J.; Ettrich, Rüdiger

2014-01-01

Roč. 20, č. 7 (2014), s. 2334 ISSN 1610-2940 R&D Projects: GA ČR GAP207/12/2323 Institutional support: RVO:67179843 ; RVO:61388971 Keywords : DNA restriction enzymes * Molecular modeling * QM/MM calculations * principal components analysis * E. coli * Multisubunit enzyme complex * Correlated loop motions Subject RIV: EH - Ecology, Behaviour; EE - Microbiology, Virology (MBU-M) Impact factor: 1.736, year: 2014

Floral biology and breeding system of three Ipomoea weeds Biologia floral e sistema reprodutivo de três espécies daninhas de Ipomoea

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R.C.S. Maimoni-Rodella

2007-03-01

Full Text Available The floral biology of three weeds, Ipomoea cairica, I. grandifolia and I. nil (Convolvulaceae, was studied in Botucatu and Jaboticabal, São Paulo, in southeastern Brazil. The three species are melittophilous, with a varied set of floral visitors, but with some overlapping. Cluster analysis using Jacquard similarity index indicated a greater similarity among different plant species in the same locality than among the populations at different places, in relation to floral visitor sets. The promiscuous and opportunistic features of the flowers were shown, with such type of adaptation to pollination being advantageous to weeds since pollinator availability is unpredictable at ruderal environments.A biologia floral de Ipomoea cairica, I. grandifolia e I. nil - plantas daninhas da família Convolvulaceae - foi estudada em Botucatu e Jaboticabal, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. As três espécies são melitófilas, apresentando conjuntos de visitantes florais bastante diversificados, embora haja alguma sobreposição entre eles. Com relação aos visitantes florais, a análise de agrupamento, empregando-se o índice de similaridade de Jaccard, indicou maior similaridade entre diferentes espécies de Ipomoea ocorrentes no mesmo local do que entre populações da mesma espécie em diferentes localidades. O caráter promíscuo e oportunista da adaptação à polinização, presente nessas espécies, foi demonstrado, sendo essa adaptação vantajosa para plantas daninhas, uma vez que em ambientes ruderais a disponibilidade de polinizadores é imprevisível.

The new active driving safety system ESP (Electronic Stability Program) developed by Mercedes Benz; Das neue aktive Fahrsicherheitssystem ESP (Elektronisches-Stabilitaets-Programm) von Mercedes-Benz

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Paul, J. [Mercedes-Benz AG, Stuttgart (Germany); Klinkner, W. [Mercedes-Benz AG, Stuttgart (Germany); Mueller, A. [Mercedes-Benz AG, Stuttgart (Germany)

1995-12-31

The new electronic stability program (ESP) offered by Mercedes-Benz as a world novelty in March 1995 is the consequent further development of the anti-lock braking system and the anti-slip control. An improved assessment of the handling properties by a steering wheel sensor, a yaw velocity sensor, a brake pressure sensor and a hydraulic system that brakes each wheel individually and is controlled by a complex logic allow the supervision and the active control of the cross-dynamic handling properties up to limiting ranges. The handling of the vehicle in critical situations (e.g. strong oversteering or understeering) has been considerably improved. (orig.) [Deutsch] Das neue elektronische-Stabilitaets-Programm (ESP), von Mercedes-Benz ab Maerz 1995 als Weltneuheit angeboten, stellt eine konsequente Weiterentwicklung des Antiblockier-Bremssystems (ABS) und der Antriebsschlupfregelung (ASR) dar. Eine erweiterte Fahrzustandserfassung durch Lenkradwinkel-, Giergeschwindigkeit- und Bremsdrucksensor, eine Hydraulik, die jedes Rad individuell abbremsen kann, angesteuert durch eine komplexe Regelungslogik, erlauben erstmals eine Ueberwachung und aktive Regelung des querdynamischen Fahrzustands bis in den Grenzbereich. Die Beherrschbarkeit des Fahrzeugs wird in kritischen Situationen (z.B. starkes Ueber- oder Untersteuern) entscheidend verbessert. (orig.)

Sorbent Injection for Small ESP Mercury Control in Low Sulfur Eastern Bituminous Coal Flue Gas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carl Richardson; Katherine Dombrowski; Douglas Orr

2006-12-31

This project Final Report is submitted to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) as part of Cooperative Agreement DE-FC26-03NT41987, 'Sorbent Injection for Small ESP Mercury Control in Low Sulfur Eastern Bituminous Coal Flue Gas.' Sorbent injection technology is targeted as the primary mercury control process on plants burning low/medium sulfur bituminous coals equipped with ESP and ESP/FGD systems. About 70% of the ESPs used in the utility industry have SCAs less than 300 ft2/1000 acfm. Prior to this test program, previous sorbent injection tests had focused on large-SCA ESPs. This DOE-NETL program was designed to generate data to evaluate the performance and economic feasibility of sorbent injection for mercury control at power plants that fire bituminous coal and are configured with small-sized electrostatic precipitators and/or an ESP-flue gas desulfurization (FGD) configuration. EPRI and Southern Company were co-funders for the test program. Southern Company and Reliant Energy provided host sites for testing and technical input to the project. URS Group was the prime contractor to NETL. ADA-ES and Apogee Scientific Inc. were sub-contractors to URS and was responsible for all aspects of the sorbent injection systems design, installation and operation at the different host sites. Full-scale sorbent injection for mercury control was evaluated at three sites: Georgia Power's Plant Yates Units 1 and 2 [Georgia Power is a subsidiary of the Southern Company] and Reliant Energy's Shawville Unit 3. Georgia Power's Plant Yates Unit 1 has an existing small-SCA cold-side ESP followed by a Chiyoda CT-121 wet scrubber. Yates Unit 2 is also equipped with a small-SCA ESP and a dual flue gas conditioning system. Unit 2 has no SO2 control system. Shawville Unit 3 is equipped with two small-SCA cold-side ESPs operated in series. All ESP systems tested in this program had SCAs less than 250 ft2/1000 acfm. Short-term parametric tests were conducted on Yates

The Eberline ESP-2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bunker, A.S.

1987-01-01

This paper reports that as a health physicist, the author is very excited about the prospects that the Eberline ESP-2 offers for improvements in radiological surveys and data gathering. As an editor, however, the author is somewhat uncomfortable with the length of this review article. Basically, the author had two choices: could wet your appetite with a brief discussion of the ESP-2's capabilities, or the author could cover all of the details necessary for you to understand how the ESP-2 works and why the author thinks it would change the way we perform radiological surveys. In keeping with the how to nature of Radiation Protection Management, the author chose the latter course

Structural and functional properties of chimeric EspA-FliCi filaments of EPEC.

Science.gov (United States)

Crepin, Valerie F; Martinez, Eric; Shaw, Robert K; Frankel, Gad; Daniell, Sarah J

2008-04-18

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli utilise a filamentous type III secretion system to translocate effector proteins into host gut epithelial cells. The primary constituent of the extracellular component of the filamentous type III secretion system is EspA. This forms a long flexible helical conduit between the bacterium and host and has a structure almost identical to that of the flagella filament. We have inserted the D3 domain of FliCi (from Salmonella typhimurium) into the outer domain of EspA and have studied the structure and function of modified filaments when expressed in an enteropathogenic E. coli espA mutant. We found that the chimeric protein EspA-FliCi filaments were biologically active as they supported protein secretion and translocation [assessed by their ability to trigger actin polymerisation beneath adherent bacteria (fluorescent actin staining test)]. The expressed filaments were recognised by both EspA and FliCi antisera. Visualisation and analysis of the chimeric filaments by electron microscopy after negative staining showed that, remarkably, EspA filaments are able to tolerate a large protein insertion without a significant effect on their helical architecture.

Modifications to Replacement Costs System

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Godec, M.

1989-01-01

The purpose of this memorandum is to document the improvements and modifications made to the Replacement Costs of Crude Oil (REPCO) Supply Analysis System. While some of this work was performed under our previous support contract to DOE/ASFE, we are presenting all modifications and improvements are presented here for completeness. The memo primarily documents revisions made to the Lower-48 Onshore Model. Revisions and modifications made to other components and models in the REPCO system which are documented elsewhere are only highlighted in this memo. Generally, the modifications made to the Lower-48 Onshore Model reflect changes that have occurred in domestic drilling, oil field costs, and reserves since 1982, the date of the most recent available data used for the original Replacement Costs report, published in 1985

Uporaba platforme Arduino za izdelavo vozlišča IoT na vezju ESP8266

OpenAIRE

SELAN, MATEJ

2016-01-01

V diplomskem delu je predstavljena zasnova sistema za merjenje temperature in relativne vlage s pomočjo modula ESP8266 z brezžičnim spletnim dostopom do rezultatov meritev. Za merjenje temperature in vlažnosti skrbi digitalni merilni senzor DHT11, modul ESP8266 pa poleg osnovnih funkcij, potrebnih za prenos podatkov, zagotavlja tudi preprost strežnik za konfiguriranje. Sestavni deli naloge so analiza področja, modul ESP8266, serijski vmesnik FTDI, protokoli za povezovanje in ostala strojna op...

Needs Analysis in ESP Context: Saudi Engineering Students as a Case Study

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Hashem Ahmed Alsamadani

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Needs analysis can be a vital asset for teachers of English for specific purposes (ESP to identify their learners’ key requirements or needs and determine the areas in which they are lacking skills. Against this background, this study was undertaken during the academic year 2015-16 to define the English language needs of engineering students (N= 200 majoring in civil engineering and industrial engineering. The data of this study was collected from different sources, including a classroom observation protocol, a questionnaire, and a semi-structured interview with both ESP and subject-matter teachers (SM at Umm Al-Qura University. Results of the data analysis offered significant insights as to the teaching of ESP course. The study revealed that receptive skills (i.e., reading and listening were mostly focused on in ESP classes. It has been also reported that writing and reading along with speaking skills were needed more than others. The data analysis helped to determine the most important language tasks in the context of engineering studies. Finally, a call was being made by both ESP and SM teachers to enhance the quality of the ESP course taught to engineering students by offering relevant suggestions. Based on these findings, the present study concluded with implications for course designers and recommendations for future studies.

RAZVOJ IN IMPLEMENTACIJA BREZŽIČNE TEHTNICE NA PLATFORMI ESP8266

OpenAIRE

Prevolšek, Matic

2016-01-01

V diplomskem delu opisujemo razvoj in implementacijo brezžične tehtnice na platformi ESP8266. Meritve zajemamo s pomočjo štirih merilnih celic in analogno-digitalnega pretvornika HX711. Uporabniku meritve prikazujemo v obliki spletne strani, ki gostuje na platformi ESP8266 in je dosegljiva znotraj lokalnega omrežja WiFi. Hkrati meritve pošiljamo na zunanji strežnik in jih zapisujemo v podatkovno bazo. S spletno aplikacijo na zunanjem strežniku grafično predstavimo meritve skozi čas.

ESP and NOAH: computer programs for flood-risk analysis of nuclear power plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wagner, D.P.; Montague, D.F.; Rooney, J.J.; Fussell, J.B.; Baker, L.S.

1982-06-01

This report describes a computer program package that aids in assessing the impact of floods on risk from nuclear power plants. The package consists of two distinct computer programs: ESP and NOAH. The ESP program improves the efficiency of a flood analysis by screening accident sequences and identifying accident sequences that are potentially significant contributors to risk in the event of a flood. Input to ESP includes accident sequences from an existing risk assessment and flood screening criteria. The NOAH program provides detailed qualitative analysis of the plant systems identified by ESP. NOAH performs a qualitative flood simulation of the fault tree

Mat rush (juncus effusus l.) trounces manganese toxicity through ultra-morphological modifications and manganese restriction in roots

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Najeeb, U.; Ali, S.

2015-01-01

This study appraised phyto-remediation efficiency and tolerance mechanism of Juncus effusus as was evidenced by ultrastructural modification in its roots under manganese (Mn) toxicity. Three-week-old J. effusus plants were treated with different concentrations of Mn (50, 100 and 500 M) in hydroponics. Although higher Mn levels caused modifications in growth, biomass, height and root morphological traits, J. effusus tolerated Mn toxicity without showing any obvious phyto-toxic symptoms even under the highest level of Mn (500 M). With incremental Mn levels in the growth media, the plants showed a steady increase in Mn uptake, while translocation factor (TF) for Mn declined. This illustrated the tendency of J. effusus plants to avoid Mn-induced stress by restricting maximum Mn in root tissues. Electron microscopy of root tip cells elucidated plant tolerance mechanism to Mn toxicity. Modification in cellular shape and size, and increased number of vacuoles and mitochondria appeared to play a major role in induction of tolerance against Mn toxicity, and ultimate survival of plant. (author)

Levantamento das espécies exóticas arbóreas e seu impacto nas espécies nativas em áreas adjacentes a depósitos de resíduos domiciliares

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Otacílio Antunes Santana

2011-09-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2008v21n4p29 Os objetivos deste trabalho, em áreas adjacentes à deposição de resíduos domiciliares, foram: i realizar o levantamento das espécies exóticas, ii verificar o seu impacto nas espécies nativas arbóreas de Cerrado, e iii comparar os resultados com áreas controles. Vinte e duas espécies exóticas foram encontradas nas parcelas estudadas próximos aos depósitos de resíduos domiciliares, distribuídas entre treze famílias. Apenas duas espécies foram encontradas nas áreas controle. A presença de depósitos de resíduos domiciliares aumenta a incidência de espécies exóticas arbóreas, causando um gradiente na distribuição de seus indivíduos, padrão não observado nas áreas controles.

The ESP Instruction: A Study Based on the Pattern of Autonomous Inquiry

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Jianfeng

2013-01-01

Autonomous inquiry learning is a kind of learning model, which relies mainly on learners and emphasizes that learners should inquire knowledge actively; moreover, ESP, which emphasizes the combination of language learning and specific purposes learning, is a goal-oriented and well targeted instruction system. Therefore, ESP and autonomous inquiry…

Generic test platform for representative tests of safety I/C systems - 15546

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fourestie, B.; Kuck, H.; Richter, J.; Rieche, S.; Waitz, M.

2015-01-01

In compliance with the IEC 61513 safety Instrumentation and Control (I/C) systems must be successfully validated in their final configuration prior to installation on site and commissioning. However the contingent need for modifications during system validation activities or subsequently during the commissioning phase may entail long and costly re-engineering of the I/C systems. With the view to ease these possible modifications, a Generic Test Platform has been developed by AREVA which allows combining a real I/C system subpart with an emulation server. This platform provides a faithful representation of the I/C System allowing crediting the validation test results carried out on this platform. (authors)

Glutamine methylation in histone H2A is an RNA-polymerase-I-dedicated modification

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tessarz, Peter; Santos-Rosa, Helena; Robson, Sam C

2014-01-01

as the methyltransferase in yeast and demonstrate that fibrillarin is the orthologue enzyme in human cells. Glutamine methylation of H2A is restricted to the nucleolus. Global analysis in yeast, using an H2AQ105me-specific antibody, shows that this modification is exclusively enriched over the 35S ribosomal DNA...

Collocations and collocation types in ESP textbooks: Quantitative pedagogical analysis

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Bogdanović Vesna Ž.

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The term collocation, even though it is rather common in the English language grammar, it is not a well known or commonly used term in the textbooks and scientific papers written in the Serbian language. Collocating is usually defined as a natural appearance of two (or more words, which are usually one next to another even though they can be separated in the text, while collocations are defined as words with natural semantic and/or syntactic relations being joined together in a sentence. Collocations are naturally used in all English written texts, including scientific texts and papers. Using two textbooks for English for Specific Purposes (ESP for intermediate students' courses, this paper presents the frequency of collocations and their typology. The paper tries to investigate the relationship between lexical and grammatical collocations written in the ESP texts and the reasons for their presence. There is an overview of the most used subtypes of lexical collocations as well. Furthermore, on applying the basic corpus analysis based on the quantitative analysis, the paper presents the number of open, restricted and bound collocations in ESP texts, trying to draw conclusions on their frequency and hence the modes for their learning. There is also a section related to the number and usage of scientific collocations, both common scientific and narrow-professional ones. The conclusion is that the number of present collocations in the selected two textbooks imposes a demand for further analysis of these lexical connections, as well as new modes for their teaching and presentations to the English learning students.

Erector spinae plane (ESP) block in the management of post thoracotomy pain syndrome: A case series.

Science.gov (United States)

Forero, Mauricio; Rajarathinam, Manikandan; Adhikary, Sanjib; Chin, Ki Jinn

2017-10-01

Post thoracotomy pain syndrome (PTPS) remains a common complication of thoracic surgery with significant impact on patients' quality of life. Management usually involves a multidisciplinary approach that includes oral and topical analgesics, performing appropriate interventional techniques, and coordinating additional care such as physiotherapy, psychotherapy and rehabilitation. A variety of interventional procedures have been described to treat PTPS that is inadequately managed with systemic or topical analgesics. Most of these procedures are technically complex and are associated with risks and complications due to the proximity of the targets to neuraxial structures and pleura. The ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane (ESP) block is a novel technique for thoracic analgesia that promises to be a relatively simple and safe alternative to more complex and invasive techniques of neural blockade. We have explored the application of the ESP block in the management of PTPS and report our preliminary experience to illustrate its therapeutic potential. The ESP block was performed in a pain clinic setting in a cohort of 7 patients with PTPS following thoracic surgery with lobectomy or pneumonectomy for lung cancer. The blocks were performed with ultrasound guidance by injecting 20-30mL of ropivacaine, with or without steroid, into a fascial plane between the deep surface of erector spinae muscle and the transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae. This paraspinal tissue plane is distant from the pleura and the neuraxis, thus minimizing the risk of complications associated with injury to these structures. The patients were followed up by telephone one week after each block and reviewed in the clinic 4-6 weeks later to evaluate the analgesic response as well as the need for further injections and modification to the overall analgesic plan. All the patients had excellent immediate pain relief following each ESP block, and 4 out of the 7 patients experienced prolonged

Quantitative Analysis Method of Output Loss due to Restriction for Grid-connected PV Systems

Science.gov (United States)

Ueda, Yuzuru; Oozeki, Takashi; Kurokawa, Kosuke; Itou, Takamitsu; Kitamura, Kiyoyuki; Miyamoto, Yusuke; Yokota, Masaharu; Sugihara, Hiroyuki

Voltage of power distribution line will be increased due to reverse power flow from grid-connected PV systems. In the case of high density grid connection, amount of voltage increasing will be higher than the stand-alone grid connection system. To prevent the over voltage of power distribution line, PV system's output will be restricted if the voltage of power distribution line is close to the upper limit of the control range. Because of this interaction, amount of output loss will be larger in high density case. This research developed a quantitative analysis method for PV systems output and losses to clarify the behavior of grid connected PV systems. All the measured data are classified into the loss factors using 1 minute average of 1 second data instead of typical 1 hour average. Operation point on the I-V curve is estimated to quantify the loss due to the output restriction using module temperature, array output voltage, array output current and solar irradiance. As a result, loss due to output restriction is successfully quantified and behavior of output restriction is clarified.

Síndrome autoinmune en la paraparesia tropical espástica/ mielopatía asociada a la infección por el virus linfotrópico humano tipo I de la costa pacífica colombiana

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Felipe García

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Trabajos previos han aportado evidencias de que en la paraparesia espástica tropical/mielopatía asociada con el virus linfotrópico humano tipo I, existe un componente autoinmune asociado a su patogénesis. Objetivo. Evaluar el estado autoinmune y la existencia de mimetismo molecular en pacientes con paraparesia espástica tropical del pacífico colombiano. Materiales y métodos. A partir de muestras de plasma de 37 pacientes con paraparesia espástica tropical/mielopatía asociada al HTLV-I, 10 con leucemia de células T del adulto, 22 individuos portadores asintomáticos y 20 seronegativos para el HTLV-I, se determinaron niveles plasmáticos de anticuerpos antinucleares y anticardiolipina-2 y de interferón-??e interleucina- 4. Se evaluó, por Western blot, la reactividad cruzada de plasmas contra proteínas obtenidas de varias fuentes celulares normales del sistema nervioso. Además, se estudió la reactividad cruzada de plasmas de seropositivos y del anticuerpo monoclonal LT4 anti-taxp40 en secciones de médula espinal de ratas Wistar no infectadas. Resultados. El 70,2% y el 83,8% de los pacientes con paraparesia espástica tropical fueron reactivos para anticuerpos ANA y ACL-2, respectivamente, en contraste con los de leucemia de células T del adulto y los seropositivos asintomáticos (P<0,001. Además, el 70,3% y el 43,2% de los pacientes con paraparesia espástica tropical tuvieron niveles detectables de IFN-?? e IL-4, respectivamente. El anticuerpo LT4 anti tax-p40 y los plasmas de paraparesia espástica tropical/mielopatía asociada al HTLV-I mostraron una reacción cruzada con una proteína de PMr 33-35 kDa, obtenida del núcleo de neuronas de la médula espinal de ratas Wistar no infectadas. Conclusión. Se obtuvieron evidencias que apoyan la existencia de un síndrome autoinmune mediado por mimetismo molecular como parte de la etiopatogénesis de la degeneración axonal observada en la paraparesia esp

Reduced insulin-like growth factor-I serum levels in formerly obese women subjected to laparoscopic-adjustable gastric banding or diet-induced long-term caloric restriction.

Science.gov (United States)

Mitterberger, Maria C; Mattesich, Monika; Klaver, Elise; Piza-Katzer, Hildegunde; Zwerschke, Werner

2011-11-01

Life-span extension in laboratory rodents induced by long-term caloric restriction correlates with decreased serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels. Reduced activity of the growth hormone/IGF-I signaling system slows aging and increases longevity in mutant mouse models. In the present study, we show that long-term caloric restriction achieved by two different interventions for 4 years, either laparoscopic-adjustable gastric banding or reducing diet, leads to reduced IGF-I serum levels in formerly obese women relative to normal-weight women eating ad libitum. Moreover, we present evidence that the long-term caloric restriction interventions reduce fasting growth hormone serum levels. The present study indicates that the activity of the growth hormone/IGF-I axis is reduced in long-term calorically restricted formerly obese humans. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the duration and severity of the caloric restriction intervention are important for the outcome on the growth hormone/IGF-I axis in humans.

Structural and functional characterization of cleavage and inactivation of human serine protease inhibitors by the bacterial SPATE protease EspPα from enterohemorrhagic E. coli.

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André Weiss

Full Text Available EspPα and EspI are serine protease autotransporters found in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. They both belong to the SPATE autotransporter family and are believed to contribute to pathogenicity via proteolytic cleavage and inactivation of different key host proteins during infection. Here, we describe the specific cleavage and functional inactivation of serine protease inhibitors (serpins by EspPα and compare this activity with the related SPATE EspI. Serpins are structurally related proteins that regulate vital protease cascades, such as blood coagulation and inflammatory host response. For the rapid determination of serpin cleavage sites, we applied direct MALDI-TOF-MS or ESI-FTMS analysis of coincubations of serpins and SPATE proteases and confirmed observed cleavage positions using in-gel-digest of SDS-PAGE-separated degradation products. Activities of both serpin and SPATE protease were assessed in a newly developed photometrical assay using chromogenic peptide substrates. EspPα cleaved the serpins α1-protease inhibitor (α1-PI, α1-antichymotrypsin, angiotensinogen, and α2-antiplasmin. Serpin cleavage led to loss of inhibitory function as demonstrated for α1-PI while EspPα activity was not affected. Notably, EspPα showed pronounced specificity and cleaved procoagulatory serpins such as α2-antiplasmin while the anticoagulatory antithrombin III was not affected. Together with recently published research, this underlines the interference of EspPα with hemostasis or inflammatory responses during infection, while the observed interaction of EspI with serpins is likely to be not physiologically relevant. EspPα-mediated serpin cleavage occurred always in flexible loops, indicating that this structural motif might be required for substrate recognition.

pH dependence of MHC class I-restricted peptide presentation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stryhn, A; Pedersen, L O; Romme, T

1996-01-01

The function of MHC class I molecules is to bind and present antigenic peptides to cytotoxic T cells. Here, we report that class I-restricted peptide presentation is strongly pH dependent. The presentation of some peptides was enhanced at acidic pH, whereas the presentation of others was inhibited....... Biochemical peptide-MHC class I binding assays demonstrated that peptide-MHC class I complexes are more stable at neutral pH than at acidic pH. We suggest that acid-dependent peptide dissociation can generate empty class I molecules and that the resulting binding potential can be exploited by a subset...

Features of target cell lysis by class I and class II MHC restricted cytolytic T lymphocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maimone, M.M.; Morrison, L.A.; Braciale, V.L.; Braciale, T.J.

1986-01-01

The lytic activity of influenza virus-specific muvine cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones that are restricted by either H-2K/D (class I) or H-2I (class II) major histocompatibility (MHC) locus products was compared on an influenza virus-infected target cell expressing both K/D and I locus products. With the use of two in vitro measurements of cytotoxicity, conventional 51 Cr release, and detergent-releasable radiolabeled DNA (as a measure of nuclear disintegration in the early post-lethal hit period), the authors found no difference between class I and class II MHC-restricted CTL in the kinetics of target cell destruction. In addition, class II MHC-restricted antiviral CTL failed to show any lysis of radiolabeled bystander cells. Killing of labeled specific targets by these class II MHC-restricted CTL was also efficiently inhibited by unlabeled specific competitor cells in a cold target inhibition assay. In sum, these data suggest that class I and class II MHC-restricted CTL mediate target cell destruction by an essentially similar direct mechanism

Survival of Saccharomyces cerevisiae after treatment with the restriction endonuclease Alu I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Winckler, K.; Bach, B.; Obe, G.

1988-01-01

Treatment of yeast cells proficient in the repair of radiation damage (Saccharomyces cervisiae) with the restriction endonuclease Alu I leads to a positive dose-effect relationship between inactivation level and enzyme concentration. The data suggest an uptake of the active restriction enzyme into the cells and a relationship between induction of DNA double-strand breaks and cell killing. (author)

Ultra High Efficiency ESP for Fine Particulate and Air Toxics Control

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Srinivasachar, Srivats; Pease, Benjamin R.; Porle, Kjell; Mauritzson, Christer; Haythornthwaite, Sheila

1997-01-01

temperature was lowered, indicating the native ability of ash to capture the mercury. Pulsed operation of the ESP with the SIR module provided a 2 to 3-fold reduction in emissions at the higher operating temperatures. In light of the positive results from Phase I, we propose proof of concept testing in the field in Phase II. The main objective of the Phase II testing would be to determine the ESP performance improvement as a function of flue gas temperature and humidity for a range of loW--sulfur coals being fired by utilities. Equally important will be the long-term evaluation of the risk of corrosion and plugging (due to acid condensation) associated with low temperature operation. The impact of higher flue gas velocities (lower SCA-specific collection area), compared to the laboratory pilot program, would also need to be evaluated. A secondary objective would be to examine mercury capture by the ESP at the different temperatures and with sorbent injection

[Construction of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains with espF gene deletion and complementation].

Science.gov (United States)

Hua, Ying; Sun, Qi; Wang, Xiangyu; DU, Yanli; Shao, Na; Zhang, Qiwei; Zhao, Wei; Wan, Chengsong

2015-11-01

To construct enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 strains with delection espF gene and its nucleotide fragment and with espF gene complementation. A pair of homologous arm primers was designed to amplify the gene fragment of kanamycin resistance, which was transformed into EHEC O157:H7 EDL933w strain via the PKD46 plasmid by electroporation. The replacement of the espF gene by kanamycin resistance gene through the PKD46-mediated red recombination system was confirmed by PCR and sequencing. The entire coding region of espF along with its nucleotide fragment was amplified by PCR and cloned into pBAD33 plasmid, which was transformed into a mutant strain to construct the strain with espF complementation. RT-PCR was used to verify the transcription of espF and its nucleotide fragment in the complemented mutant strain. We established EHEC O157:H7 EDL933w strains with espF gene deletion and with espF gene complementation. Both espF and its nucleotide fragment were transcribed in the complemented mutant strain. The two strains provide a basis for further study of the regulatory mechanism of espF.

Polytypism in CdI2: a consequence of restrictions in close-packed arrangements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wahab, M.A.; Kant, R.

1986-01-01

Based on theoretical and experimental observations, it has been established that the polytypes 2H and 4H act as basic structural units as regard to the formation of CdI 2 polytypes. As a result of this, some general rules have been formulated which help understand (i) the nature of restrictions in the close-packed arrangements and to deduce the genuine CdI 2 polytypes, and (ii) the classification of CdI 2 polytypes into various possible groups. This further helps to conclude that (i) the CdI 2 polytypes are simply a consequence of restrictions in the close-packed arrangements, (ii) the concept of stacking fault is superfluous as far as the formation of ordered polytypes are concerned, and (iii) the identification of CdI 2 polytypes on the basis of intensity data has limited implications unless some practical use of polytypes are found. (author)

Immunogenicity of HLA Class I and II Double Restricted Influenza A-Derived Peptides

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Sara Ram; Christensen, Jan Pravsgaard; Buus, Søren

2016-01-01

The aim of the present study was to identify influenza A-derived peptides which bind to both HLA class I and -II molecules and by immunization lead to both HLA class I and class II restricted immune responses. Eight influenza A-derived 9-11mer peptides with simultaneous binding to both HLA-A*02...... four of the double binding peptides did result in HLA-A*02:01 restricted responses only. According to their cytokine profile, the CD4 T cell responses were of the Th2 type. In influenza infected mice, we were unable to detect natural processing in vivo of the double restricted peptides and in line...... with this, peptide vaccination did not decrease virus titres in the lungs of intranasally influenza challenged mice. Our data show that HLA class I and class II double binding peptides can be identified by bioinformatics and biochemical technology. By immunization, double binding peptides can give rise...

Cloning and analysis of a bifunctional methyltransferase/restriction endonuclease TspGWI, the prototype of a Thermus sp. enzyme family

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Zylicz-Stachula Agnieszka

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Restriction-modification systems are a diverse class of enzymes. They are classified into four major types: I, II, III and IV. We have previously proposed the existence of a Thermus sp. enzyme family, which belongs to type II restriction endonucleases (REases, however, it features also some characteristics of types I and III. Members include related thermophilic endonucleases: TspGWI, TaqII, TspDTI, and Tth111II. Results Here we describe cloning, mutagenesis and analysis of the prototype TspGWI enzyme that recognises the 5'-ACGGA-3' site and cleaves 11/9 nt downstream. We cloned, expressed, and mutagenised the tspgwi gene and investigated the properties of its product, the bifunctional TspGWI restriction/modification enzyme. Since TspGWI does not cleave DNA completely, a cloning method was devised, based on amino acid sequencing of internal proteolytic fragments. The deduced amino acid sequence of the enzyme shares significant sequence similarity with another representative of the Thermus sp. family – TaqII. Interestingly, these enzymes recognise similar, yet different sequences in the DNA. Both enzymes cleave DNA at the same distance, but differ in their ability to cleave single sites and in the requirement of S-adenosylmethionine as an allosteric activator for cleavage. Both the restriction endonuclease (REase and methyltransferase (MTase activities of wild type (wt TspGWI (either recombinant or isolated from Thermus sp. are dependent on the presence of divalent cations. Conclusion TspGWI is a bifunctional protein comprising a tandem arrangement of Type I-like domains; particularly noticeable is the central HsdM-like module comprising a helical domain and a highly conserved S-adenosylmethionine-binding/catalytic MTase domain, containing DPAVGTG and NPPY motifs. TspGWI also possesses an N-terminal PD-(D/EXK nuclease domain related to the corresponding domains in HsdR subunits, but lacks the ATP-dependent translocase module

Towards a Mobile Ecogenomic sensor: the Third Generation Environmental Sample Processor (3G-ESP).

Science.gov (United States)

Birch, J. M.; Pargett, D.; Jensen, S.; Roman, B.; Preston, C. M.; Ussler, W.; Yamahara, K.; Marin, R., III; Hobson, B.; Zhang, Y.; Ryan, J. P.; Scholin, C. A.

2016-02-01

Researchers are increasingly using one or more autonomous platforms to characterize ocean processes that change in both space and time. Conceptually, studying processes that change quickly both spatially and temporally seems relatively straightforward. One needs to sample in many locations synoptically over time, or follow a coherent water mass and sample it repeatedly. However, implementing either approach presents many challenges. For example, acquiring samples over days to weeks far from shore, without human intervention, requires multiple systems to work together seamlessly, and the level of autonomy, navigation and communications needed to conduct the work exposes the complexity of these requirements. We are addressing these challenges by developing a new generation of robotic systems that are primarily aimed at studies of microbial-mediated processes. As a step towards realizing this new capability, we have taken lessons learned from our second-generation Environmental Sample Processor (2G-ESP), a robotic microbiology "lab-in-a-can" and have re-engineered the system for use on a Tethys-class Long Range AUV (LRAUV). The new instrument is called the third-generation ESP (3G-ESP), and its integration with the LRAUV provides mobility and a persistent presence not seen before in microbial oceanography. The 3G-ESP autonomously filters a water sample and then either preserves that material for eventual return to a laboratory, or processes the sample in real-time for further downstream molecular analytical analyses. The 3G ESP modularizes hardware needed for the collection and preparation of a sample from subsequent molecular analyses by the use of self-contained "cartridges". Cartridges currently come in two forms: one for the preservation of a sample, and the other for onboard homogenization and handoff for downstream processing via one or more analytical devices. The 3G-ESP is designed as a stand-alone instrument, and thus could be deployed on a variety of

Routine maintenance prolongs ESP time between failures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hurst, T.; Lannom, R.W.; Divine, D.L.

1992-01-01

This paper reports that routine maintenance of electric submersible motors (ESPs) significantly lengthened the mean time between motor failures (MTBF), decreased operating costs, and extended motor run life in the Sacroc Unit of the Kelly-Snyder field in West Texas. After the oil price boom of the early 1980s. rapidly eroding profit margins from producing properties caused a much stronger focus on reducing operating costs. In Sacroc, ESP operating life and repair costs became a major target of cost reduction efforts. The routine ESP maintenance program has been in place for over 3 years

ESP Teaching at the Institutions of Higher Education in Modern Russia: Problems and Perspectives

Science.gov (United States)

Prudnikova, Nadezhda

2013-01-01

The author analyses ESP teaching at the institutions of higher education in modern Russia, explains the main problems and suggests the ways of their solving, details the quality control system of the students' progress improvement, presents the complex approach to interactive ESP teaching and views it as an integral part of up-to-date…

Myrtaceae da restinga no norte do Espírito Santo, Brasil

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Augusto Giaretta

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Myrtaceae está entre as famílias mais ricas em espécies nas restingas do Espírito Santo. Este estudo objetivou fazer o inventário e a caracterização das espécies de Myrtaceae ocorrentes na vegetação de restinga no norte do Espírito Santo. Foram registradas 52 espécies distribuídas em 10 gêneros. O gênero mais representado foi Eugenia (19 espécies, seguido de Myrcia (12, Marlierea (6, Psidium (4, Myrciaria (3, Calyptranthes (2, Campomanesia (2, Neomitranthes (2, Blepharocalyx (1 e Plinia (1. Foram registradas duas  espécies endêmicas (Eugenia inversa e Myrcia limae. As formações vegetais  com maior número de espécies foram a florestal não inundável (40 espécies,  seguida da arbustiva fechada não inundável (19 e florestal inundável (19. São apresentadas chaves para identificação das espécies, descrições, comentários,  distribuição geográfica e ilustrações dos caracteres diagnósticos.

Two additions to the <i>Jacea-Lepteranthus> complex: parallel adaptation in the enigmatic species <i>Centaurea subtilisi> and <i>C. exaratai>

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hilpold, A.

2009-12-01

un clima más árido. La reducción o total pérdida de las flores estériles radiantes podría ser una adaptación a la falta de especies competidoras en la polinización. [ct] <i>Centaurea subtilisi> del sud-est d’Itàlia i <i>C. exaratai> del sud-oest de la Península Ibèrica han estat classificades en el grup <i>Acrolophus-Phalolepis> i, dins d’aquest grup, a la secció <i>Maculosae>. Una revisió molecular basada en seqüències de la regió ITS indica que ambdues espècies haurien de classificar-se en el grup <i>Jacea-Lepteranthus>. Aquest canvi és coherent amb el nombre cromosòmic de les dues espècies, que tenen x = 11 com la resta de les espècies del grup <i>Jacea-Lepteranthus> i no x = 9 com les espècies del grup <i>Acrolophus-Phalolepis>. Aquests resultats confi rmen advertències anteriors sobre el caràcter artificial de la sect. <i>Maculosae. Centaurea exaratai> i <i>C. subtilisi> són bastant diferents de les altres espècies de <i>Jacea-Lepteranthus> en alguns caràcters morfològics importants, degut, segons la nostra hipòtesi, a adaptacions a un clima més àrid. La reducció o la total pèrdua de les flors estèrils radiants podria ser una adaptació a la falta d’espècies competidores en la pol·linització.

Mapping DNA cleavage by the Type ISP restriction-modification enzymes following long-range communication between DNA sites in different orientations

OpenAIRE

van Aelst, Kara; Saikrishnan, Kayarat; Szczelkun, Mark D

2015-01-01

The prokaryotic Type ISP restriction-modification enzymes are single-chain proteins comprising an Mrr-family nuclease, a superfamily 2 helicase-like ATPase, a coupler domain, a methyltransferase, and a DNA-recognition domain. Upon recognising an unmodified DNA target site, the helicase-like domain hydrolyzes ATP to cause site release (remodeling activity) and to then drive downstream translocation consuming 1-2 ATP per base pair (motor activity). On an invading foreign DNA, double-strand brea...

Application of a geographical information system approach for risk analysis of fascioliasis in southern Espírito Santo state, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Martins, Isabella Vilhena Freire; de Avelar, Barbara Rauta; Pereira, Maria Julia Salim; da Fonseca, Adevair Henrique

2012-09-01

A model based on geographical information systems for mapping the risk of fascioliasis was developed for the southern part of Espírito Santo state, Brazil. The determinants investigated were precipitation, temperature, elevation, slope, soil type and land use. Weightings and grades were assigned to determinants and their categories according to their relevance with respect to fascioliasis. Theme maps depicting the spatial distribution of risk areas indicate that over 50% of southern Espírito Santo is either at high or at very high risk for fascioliasis. These areas were found to be characterized by comparatively high temperature but relatively low slope, low precipitation and low elevation corresponding to periodically flooded grasslands or soils that promote water retention.

Revisão das espécies neotropicais de Empididae (Diptera descritas por Mario Bezzi: VII. As espécies descritas em Hilara Meigen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Albertino Rafael

2011-09-01

Full Text Available As cinco espécies descritas em Hilara por Mario Bezzi estão sendo redescritas e ilustradas. Atualmente três espécies permanecem em Hilara: H. irritans, H. perplexa e H. perturbans e duas espécies em Hilarigona: H. aberrans e H. abnormis. Todos os tipos primários foram examinados e estão sendo designados lectótipos para as três espécies de Hilara.

Health Benefits of Fasting and Caloric Restriction.

Science.gov (United States)

Golbidi, Saeid; Daiber, Andreas; Korac, Bato; Li, Huige; Essop, M Faadiel; Laher, Ismail

2017-10-23

Obesity and obesity-related diseases, largely resulting from urbanization and behavioral changes, are now of global importance. Energy restriction, though, is associated with health improvements and increased longevity. We review some important mechanisms related to calorie limitation aimed at controlling of metabolic diseases, particularly diabetes. Calorie restriction triggers a complex series of intricate events, including activation of cellular stress response elements, improved autophagy, modification of apoptosis, and alteration in hormonal balance. Intermittent fasting is not only more acceptable to patients, but it also prevents some of the adverse effects of chronic calorie restriction, especially malnutrition. There are many somatic and potentially psychologic benefits of fasting or intermittent calorie restriction. However, some behavioral modifications related to abstinence of binge eating following a fasting period are crucial in maintaining the desired favorable outcomes.

Efectivitat de la hipoteràpia en nens amb paràlisi cerebral espàstica. Una revisió sistemàtica

OpenAIRE

Tarragó Coletas, Mariona

2017-01-01

PREGUNTA DE LA REVISIÓ. És efectiva la hipoteràpia en nens amb paràlisi cerebral espàstica? OBJETIUS. General: Revisar i avaluar l’efectivitat de la hipoteràpia en el tractament de PCI espàstica. Específics: Realitzar una recerca bibliogràfica dels beneficis que aporta la hipoteràpia com a tractament de la PCI espàstica. Avaluar si existeix una millora de la qualitat de vida utilitzant la hipoteràpia com a tractament de la PCI espàstica. Determinar com afecta el tractament sobre la funcion...

Brake hydraulics simulation with real-time capability. From hydraulics plan to implementation: the Bosch ESP 5.7 as an example; Echtzeitfaehige Bremshydrauliksimulation. Vom Hydraulikplan zur Implementierung am Beispiel des Bosch ESP 5.7

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marc, E.; Oliver, P.; Thies, W. [Tesis Dynaware (Germany)

2001-11-01

For the development and testing of ABS/ESP control units, both the detailed simulation of the vehicle and drive train dynamics as well as the dynamic behaviour of the hydraulic system are important. The signals coming from the control unit that control the valves in the brake hydraulic system cause pressure changes in the brake system and thus affect the braking torque. In turn, the changes in the speed of the wheels are fed back to the control unit via sensors. The objective of an ABS control strategy is to prevent the wheels from locking during braking in order to ensure and maintain the steerability of the vehicle, while the ESP action also attempts to achieve a stabilization of the yawing motion by means of active braking. (orig.) [German] Fuer die Entwicklung und den Test von ABS/ESP-Steuergeraeten ist neben der detaillierten Simulation von Fahr- und Antriebsstrangdynamik auch das dynamische Verhalten des hydraulischen Systems wichtig. Die vom Steuergeraet kommenden Signale zur Ansteuerung der Ventile in der Bremshydraulik bewirken Druckaenderungen im Bremssystem und somit der Bremsmomente. Die Aenderungen der Raddrehzahlen werden wiederum ueber Sensoren dem Steuergeraet zurueckgemeldet. Ziel einer ABS-Regelstrategie ist das Verhindern des Blockierens der Raeder beim Bremsen, um die Lenkbarkeit des Fahrzeugs zu erhalten, waehrend bei einem ESP-Eingriff durch aktives Bremsen zusaetzlich eine Stabilisierung der Gierbewegung erfolgen soll, wie der folgende Beitrag von Tesis Dynaware zeigt. (orig.)

Electricity system planning under the CO2 emission restriction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lim, Chae Young; Lee, Man Ki; Roh, Jae Hyung; Kim, Eun Hwan

2004-01-01

Objective of this study is to analyze how the restriction of CO 2 emission from power generation will affect the national electricity supply system. The role of nuclear power is investigated under the restriction of CO 2 emission in Korea. A simplified electricity system was modeled for the analysis. To analyze the impact of CO 2 emission restriction, 2 different scenarios were established and compared with the base scenario. The first scenario was 'CO 2 emission restriction with new nuclear power installation'. In this scenario, a CO 2 emission restriction of 0.11kg-C/kWh was imposed and there was no restriction on the nuclear power construction. While, in the second scenario, 'CO 2 emission restriction without new nuclear power installation' the same amount of CO 2 restriction was imposed with no consideration of nuclear power installation. It is found out that the current national emission target(0.11kg- C/kWh) in the electricity sector can not be achieved without nuclear and renewable(wind power) options considered

Metastable phases freezing from melts of reciprocal systems PbX + CdI2=CdX + PbI2 (X=S, Se, Te)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Odin, I.N.; Chukichev, M.V.

2001-01-01

The transformations in the mutual PbX + CdI 2 =CdX + PbI 2 (X=S, Se, Te) systems leading to the crystallization of metastable polytypical modifications of lead iodide in metastable ternary compounds are studied for the first time. Microstructural and X-ray diffraction analyses were conducted. Their phase diagrams were constructed. The luminescence properties of the stable and metastable modifications of the lead iodide and the metastable compound Pb 4 SeI 6 were investigated. The lines 504 and 512 nm are noted in the 2H-PbI 2 cathodoluminescence spectra. The close lines - 508 and 516 nm provide for the 6R-PbI 2 modification. The metastable compound Pb 4 SeI 6 is characterized by the 769 and 868 nm lines [ru

EspC, an Autotransporter Protein Secreted by Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, Causes Apoptosis and Necrosis through Caspase and Calpain Activation, Including Direct Procaspase-3 Cleavage

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio Serapio-Palacios

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC has the ability to antagonize host apoptosis during infection through promotion and inhibition of effectors injected by the type III secretion system (T3SS, but the total number of these effectors and the overall functional relationships between these effectors during infection are poorly understood. EspC produced by EPEC cleaves fodrin, paxillin, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK, which are also cleaved by caspases and calpains during apoptosis. Here we show the role of EspC in cell death induced by EPEC. EspC is involved in EPEC-mediated cell death and induces both apoptosis and necrosis in epithelial cells. EspC induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by provoking (i a decrease in the expression levels of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, (ii translocation of the proapoptotic protein Bax from cytosol to mitochondria, (iii cytochrome c release from mitochondria to the cytoplasm, (iv loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, (v caspase-9 activation, (vi cleavage of procaspase-3 and (vii an increase in caspase-3 activity, (viii PARP proteolysis, and (ix nuclear fragmentation and an increase in the sub-G1 population. Interestingly, EspC-induced apoptosis was triggered through a dual mechanism involving both independent and dependent functions of its EspC serine protease motif, the direct cleavage of procaspase-3 being dependent on this motif. This is the first report showing a shortcut for induction of apoptosis by the catalytic activity of an EPEC protein. Furthermore, this atypical intrinsic apoptosis appeared to induce necrosis through the activation of calpain and through the increase of intracellular calcium induced by EspC. Our data indicate that EspC plays a relevant role in cell death induced by EPEC.

SAGD production optimization : combination of ESP and multiphase metering

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pinguet, B.G.; Guerra, E.; Drever, C. [Schlumberger Canada Ltd., Edmonton, AB (Canada)

2008-07-01

Many commercial oil reservoirs in Canada are completed using electric submersible pumps (ESP) due to low reservoir pressures and extra heavy oils and bitumens. This paper presented details of an optimization process for steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) wells. The process used ESP and a multiphase flow meter (MFM) based on Vx technology. The MFM was based on a Venturi and nuclear fraction meter combination that was engineered to measure the steam phases during SAGD processes. The technology was designed to measure total mass or total volumetric flow rates as well as oil, water and gas in producing wells. Length fractions of oil, water, and gas were calculated based on the attenuation of Gamma-rays as they passed through the Venturi section. Production was optimized in real time using the frequency control of the pump to improve oil flow rates. The results of field tests showed that the optimization process resulted in longer life cycles for the ESP. It was concluded that use of the meter results in changes to lift system operating parameters at the well site as well as improved monitoring during the workflow process. 3 refs., 1 tab., 11 figs.

Hypotrochoids in conformal restriction systems and Virasoro descendants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doyon, Benjamin

2013-01-01

A conformal restriction system is a commutative, associative, unital algebra equipped with a representation of the groupoid of univalent conformal maps on connected open sets of the Riemann sphere, along with a family of linear functionals on subalgebras, satisfying a set of properties including conformal invariance and a type of restriction. This embodies some expected properties of expectation values in conformal loop ensembles CLE κ (at least for 8/3 iθ and w. We find that it has an expansion in positive powers of u and u-bar , and that the coefficients of pure u ( u-bar ) powers are holomorphic in w ( w-bar ). We identify these coefficients (the ‘hypotrochoid fields’) with certain Virasoro descendants of the identity field in conformal field theory, thereby showing that they form part of a vertex operator algebraic structure. This largely generalizes works by the author (in CLE), and the author with his collaborators Riva and Cardy (in SLE 8/3 and other restriction measures), where the case of the ellipse, at the order u 2 , led to the stress–energy tensor of CFT. The derivation uses in an essential way the Virasoro vertex operator algebra structure of conformal derivatives established recently by the author. The results suggest in particular the exact evaluation of CLE expectations of products of hypotrochoid fields as well as nontrivial relations amongst them through the vertex operator algebra, and further shed light onto the relationship between CLE and CFT. (paper)

Predicting mercury retention in utility gas cleaning systems with SCR/ESP/FGD combinations or activated carbon injection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Krishnakumar, Balaji; Naik, Chitralkumar V.; Niksa, Stephen [Niksa Energy Associates LLC, Belmont, CA (United States); Fujiwara, Naoki [Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd, Chiba (Japan). Coal and Environment Research Lab.

2013-07-01

This paper presents validations of the Hg speciation predicted by NEA's MercuRator trademark package with an American field test database for 28 full-scale utility gas cleaning systems. It emphasizes SCR/ESP/FGD combinations and activated carbon injection because these two applications present the best long- term prospects for Hg control by coal-burning utilities. Validations of the extents of Hg{sup 0} oxidation across SCRs and of Hg retention in wet FGDs gave correlation coefficients greater than 0.9 for both units. A transport-based FGD analysis correctly assessed the potential for Hg{sup 0} re-emission in one limestone wet FGD. Among the ten stations in the SCR/ESP/FGD validations, the simulations correctly identified 3 of 4 of the relatively high Hg emissions rates; all four of the sites with moderate emissions rates; and both sites with the lowest emission rates. The validations for ACI applications demonstrated that Hg removals can be accurately estimated for the full domain of coal quality, LOI, and ACI rates for both untreated and brominated carbon sorbents. The predictions for ACI depict the test-to-test variations in most cases, and accurately describe the impact of ACI configuration and sorbent type. ACI into FFs is the most effective configuration, although ACI into ESPs often removes 90% or more Hg, provided that there is sufficient residence time and Cl in the flue gas. Brominated sorbents perform better than untreated carbons, unless SO{sub 3} condensation inhibits Hg adsorption.

Stable and metastable phases in reciprocal systems PbSe + Ag2I2 Ag2Se + PbI2 and PbSe + CdI2 = CdSe + PbI2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Odin, I.N.; Grin'ko, V.V.; Kozlovskij, V.F.; Safronov, E.V.

2005-01-01

Mutual system PbSe + Ag 2 I 2 = Ag 2 Se + PbI 2 is investigated. It is shown that diagonal Ag 2 Se-PbI 2 is stable. Liquidus surface and isothermal section at 633 K of phase diagram of PbSe-Ag 2 Se-PbI 2 system are built. Transformations directing to crystallization metastable ternary compound forming in PbSe-PbI 2 system and metastable polytype modifications of lead iodide in PbSe-Ag 2 Se-PbI 2 system at 620-685 K are studied. By hardening from molten state (1150-1220 K) new interstitial metastable phases crystallizing in CdCl 2 structural type are obtained in PbSe-Ag 2 Se-PbI 2 and PbSe + CdI 2 = CdSe + PbI 2 systems [ru

Optimal design of emission control systems for a fossil power plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sfez, D.; Muginstein, A.; Naeh, Y.

1998-01-01

The detrimental environmental effects of pulverized coal power stations are enforcing the installation of additional emission control equipment. Utilization of this equipment significantly increases the installation and operation costs of the power station, which raises the cost of the electricity generated by this power station. Focusing on the flue gas cleaning equipment can substantially reduce the electricity-generating rate. Improving the equipment design is the only available way to reduce the flue gas cleaning costs, without affecting the power station flexibility and availability. An optimal design is defined as the one achieving the least expensive cleaning system (capital and operating costs) while maintaining the original power station operation flexibility (coal variety and partial load performances). Two main changes in the conventional design need to be carried out in order to reach the above-mentioned optimized design. The first modification is to integrate the ESP and FGD at the design criteria stage while considering the influence of each piece of equipment on the other. The second stage is to set one common best efficiency design point to the ESP and the FGD together. Achieving this one common best efficiency point requires some equipment addition and modifications to the conventional ESP and FGD systems. The technology involved in this modification is available and is well proven in operation. Using this technology with the optimal design concept will lead to a significant reduction of the flue gas cleaning costs and will reduce, by this, the electricity production costs

Perspective on Secure Development Activities and Features of Safety I and C Systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kang, Youngdoo; Yu, Yeong Jin; Kim, Hyungtae; Kwon, Yong il; Park, Yeunsoo; Choo, Jaeyul; Son, Jun Young; Jeong, Choong Heui

2015-01-01

The Enforcement Decree of the Act on Physical Protection and Radiological Emergency (ED-APPRE) was revised December 2013 to include security requirements on computer systems at nuclear facilities to protect those systems against malicious cyber-attacks. It means Cyber-Security-related measures, controls and activities of safety I and C systems against cyber-attacks shall meet the requirements of ED-APPRE. Still regulation upon inadvertent access or non-malicious modifications to the safety I and C systems is covered under the Nuclear Safety Act. The objective of this paper is to propose KINS' regulatory perspective on secure development and features against non-malicious access or modification of safety I and C systems. Secure development activities and features aim to prevent inadvertent and non-malicious access, and to prevent unwanted action from personnel or connected systems for ensuring reliable operation of safety I and C systems. Secure development activities of safety I and C systems are life cycle activities to ensure unwanted, unneeded and undocumented code is not incorporated into the systems. Secure features shall be developed, verified and qualified throughout the development life cycle

Perspective on Secure Development Activities and Features of Safety I and C Systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kang, Youngdoo; Yu, Yeong Jin; Kim, Hyungtae; Kwon, Yong il; Park, Yeunsoo; Choo, Jaeyul; Son, Jun Young; Jeong, Choong Heui [Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2015-05-15

The Enforcement Decree of the Act on Physical Protection and Radiological Emergency (ED-APPRE) was revised December 2013 to include security requirements on computer systems at nuclear facilities to protect those systems against malicious cyber-attacks. It means Cyber-Security-related measures, controls and activities of safety I and C systems against cyber-attacks shall meet the requirements of ED-APPRE. Still regulation upon inadvertent access or non-malicious modifications to the safety I and C systems is covered under the Nuclear Safety Act. The objective of this paper is to propose KINS' regulatory perspective on secure development and features against non-malicious access or modification of safety I and C systems. Secure development activities and features aim to prevent inadvertent and non-malicious access, and to prevent unwanted action from personnel or connected systems for ensuring reliable operation of safety I and C systems. Secure development activities of safety I and C systems are life cycle activities to ensure unwanted, unneeded and undocumented code is not incorporated into the systems. Secure features shall be developed, verified and qualified throughout the development life cycle.

Evaluation of exercise-respiratory system modifications and preliminary respiratory-circulatory system integration scheme

Science.gov (United States)

Gallagher, R. R.

1974-01-01

The respiratory control system, functioning as an independent system, is presented with modifications of the exercise subroutine. These modifications illustrate an improved control of ventilation rates and arterial and compartmental gas tensions. A very elementary approach to describing the interactions of the respiratory and circulatory system is presented.

The Most Prominent Roles of an ESP Teacher

Science.gov (United States)

Ghafournia, Narjes; Sabet, Shokoofeh Ahmadian

2014-01-01

One prominent feature of many ESP (English for Specific Purposes) courses, which make them rather different from EGP (English for General Purposes) courses, is the presence of adult learners, who are primary workers and secondary learners. As ESP is a highly learner-cantered approach, paying close attention to the multidimensional needs of…

NEED ANALYSIS FOR IDENTIFYING ESP MATERIALS FOR MEDICAL RECORD STUDENTS IN APIKES CITRA MEDIKA SURAKARTA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beta Setiawati

2016-06-01

and quantitative methods. The outcomesof this study showed the real necessities of students in learning English to prepare their future at the field of medical record and health information. Findings of the need analysis demonstrate that all four of the language skills were necessary for their academic studies and their target career. There are certain topics related to English for medical record such as medical record staff’ duties, ethical and legal issues in medical record, Hospital statistics, Medical record filling system, Health information system, and so on. Accordingly, this study proposes new ESP materials based on the stakeholders’ needs.It is suggested that textbook or handout of English for Medical Record will be made based on the Need Analysis by ESP designers and ESP lecturers involve actively recognizing the progressive needs of medical record students.

Enraizamento de estacas lenhosas de espécies florestais

OpenAIRE

Santos,Juliano de Paulo dos; Davide,Antonio Claudio; Teixeira,Luis Antonio Fonseca; Melo,Ana Julia Santos; Melo,Lucas Amaral de

2011-01-01

Neste estudo, objetivou-se estudar o potencial de enraizamento de estacas lenhosas de 20 espécies florestais nativas. Dois experimentos distintos foram conduzidos. Em ambos, as estacas caulinares apresentavam em média de 15 a 20 cm de comprimento. No primeiro, estacas de nove espécies foram selecionadas em quatro classes de diâmetro, com média de 5,0; 9,0; 14,5 e 24 mm. No segundo, estacas de 20 espécies foram tratadas com ácido indolbutirico (AIB). Cada tratamento foi avaliado em quatro repe...

Conjugative transfer of clostridial shuttle vectors from Escherichia coli to Clostridium difficile through circumvention of the restriction barrier.

Science.gov (United States)

Purdy, Des; O'Keeffe, Triona A T; Elmore, Michael; Herbert, Mike; McLeod, Anne; Bokori-Brown, Monika; Ostrowski, Anna; Minton, Nigel P

2002-10-01

Progress towards understanding the molecular basis of virulence in Clostridium difficile has been hindered by the lack of effective gene transfer systems. We have now, for the first time, developed procedures that may be used to introduce autonomously replicating vectors into this organism through their conjugative, oriT-based mobilization from Escherichia coli donors. Successful transfer was achieved through the use of a plasmid replicon isolated from an indigenous C. difficile plasmid, pCD6, and through the characterization and subsequent circumvention of host restriction/modification (RM) systems. The characterized replicon is the first C. difficile plasmid replicon to be sequenced and encodes a large replication protein (RepA) and a repetitive region composed of a 35 bp iteron sequence repeated seven times. Strain CD6 has two RM systems, CdiCD6I/M.CdiCD6I and CdiCD6II/M. CdiCD6II, with equivalent specificities to Sau96I/M. Sau96I (5'-GGNMCC-3') and MboI/M. MboI (5'-GMATC-3') respectively. A second strain (CD3) possesses a type IIs restriction enzyme, Cdi I, which cleaves the sequence 5'-CATCG-3' between the fourth and fifth nucleotide to give a blunt-ended fragment. This is the first time that an enzyme with this specificity has been reported. The sequential addition of this site to vectors showed that each site caused between a five- and 16-fold reduction in transfer efficiency. The transfer efficiencies achieved with both strains equated to between 1.0 x 10-6 and 5.5 x 10-5 transconjugants per donor.

DNA synapsis through transient tetramerization triggers cleavage by Ecl18kI restriction enzyme

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zaremba, M.; Lyubchenko, Y.L.; Laurens, N.; van den Broek, B.; Wuite, G.J.L.; Siksnys, V.

2010-01-01

To cut DNA at their target sites, restriction enzymes assemble into different oligomeric structures. The Ecl18kI endonuclease in the crystal is arranged as a tetramer made of two dimers each bound to a DNA copy. However, free in solution Ecl18kI is a dimer. To find out whether the Ecl18kI dimer or

English for Specific Purposes (ESP): A Holistic Review

Science.gov (United States)

Rahman, Momtazur

2015-01-01

English for Specific Purposes, known as acronym-"ESP", has been a distinct activity in the field of English Language Teaching (ELT) since 1960s. The flowering period of ESP has been identified due to many incidents like the second world war in 1945, the rapid expansion in scientific, the growth of science and technology, the increased…

Glutamine methylation in histone H2A is an RNA-polymerase-I-dedicated modification

Science.gov (United States)

Tessarz, Peter; Santos-Rosa, Helena; Robson, Sam C.; Sylvestersen, Kathrine B.; Nelson, Christopher J.; Nielsen, Michael L.; Kouzarides, Tony

2014-01-01

Nucleosomes are decorated with numerous post-translational modifications capable of influencing many DNA processes. Here we describe a new class of histone modification, methylation of glutamine, occurring on yeast histone H2A at position 105 (Q105) and human H2A at Q104. We identify Nop1 as the methyltransferase in yeast and demonstrate that fibrillarin is the orthologue enzyme in human cells. Glutamine methylation of H2A is restricted to the nucleolus. Global analysis in yeast, using an H2AQ105me-specific antibody, shows that this modification is exclusively enriched over the 35S ribosomal DNA transcriptional unit. We show that the Q105 residue is part of the binding site for the histone chaperone FACT (facilitator of chromatin transcription) complex. Methylation of Q105 or its substitution to alanine disrupts binding to FACT in vitro. A yeast strain mutated at Q105 shows reduced histone incorporation and increased transcription at the ribosomal DNA locus. These features are phenocopied by mutations in FACT complex components. Together these data identify glutamine methylation of H2A as the first histone epigenetic mark dedicated to a specific RNA polymerase and define its function as a regulator of FACT interaction with nucleosomes.

ZT-40M system design, modification, and installation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hammer, C.F.

1981-01-01

ZT-40 is a reversed field pinch experiment which had been operated as originally designed, with a ceramic discharge tube until November 1980. At that time, the experiment was shut down for major modifications. This paper will describe these modifications in general and discuss in detail the design of the energy system

Modification of GNPS environment radiation monitoring network system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jiang Lili; Cao Chunsheng

1999-01-01

GNPS Environment Radiation Continuous Monitoring System (KRS), the only real time on-line system of site radiation monitoring, was put into service in 1993 prior to the first loading the the plant. It is revealed through several years of operation that this system has some deficiencies such as inadequate real time monitoring means, no figure and diagram display function on the central computer, high failures, frequent failure warning signals, thus making the availability of the system at a low level. In recent years, with the rapid development of computer network technology and increasingly strict requirements on the NPP environment protection raised by the government and public, KRS modification had become necessary and urgent. In 1996, GNPS carried out modification work on the measuring geometry condition of γ radiation monitoring sub-station and lightening protection. To enhance the functions of real time monitoring and data auto-processing, further modification of the system was made in 1998, including the update of the software and hardware of KRS central processor, set-up of system computer local network and database. In this way, the system availability and monitoring quality are greatly improved and effective monitoring and analysis means are provided for gaseous release during normal operation and under accident condition

The Impact of Mobile Learning on ESP Learners' Performance

Science.gov (United States)

Alkhezzi, Fahad; Al-Dousari, Wadha

2016-01-01

This study explores the impact of using mobile phone applications, namely Telegram Messenger, on teaching and learning English in an ESP context. The main objective is to test whether using mobile phone applications have an impact on ESP learners' performance by mainly investigating the influence such teaching technique can have on learning…

Dissolution of heavy metals from electrostatic precipitator (ESP) dust ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Coal based sponge iron industries in India generate considerable quantity of solid waste, 40% of which is flue dust produced from the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) connected to rotary kiln. This paper reports the dissolution of Zn, Cu, Pb, Mn and Fe from the ESP dust using three fungal species, Aspergillus niger, ...

Sizing of high-pressure restriction orifices

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Casado Flores, E.

1995-01-01

Constant up-grading of power plants sometimes requires the modification of components which form part of suppliers' packages. In order to protect technology they have developed, however, the suppliers do not supply their calculation criteria. In order to reduce the costs of such improvements, and so as to be able to undertake the modification without having to rely on the original supplier, this paper describes the basic criteria applicable to the study of high-pressure restriction orifices, which can be considered to be representative of the components in question. The restriction orifices discussed are: - Insert - Multiplates in series with one perforation in each plate - Multiplates in series with several perforations in each plate For each type, an explanation of their sizing is given, together with the equations relating the corresponding flow and pressure drop. (Author)

Template-directed addition of nucleosides to DNA by the BfiI restriction enzyme

OpenAIRE

Sasnauskas, Giedrius; Connolly, Bernard A.; Halford, Stephen E.; Siksnys, Virginijus

2008-01-01

Restriction endonucleases catalyse DNA cleavage at specific sites. The BfiI endonuclease cuts DNA to give staggered ends with 1-nt 3′-extensions. We show here that BfiI can also fill in the staggered ends: while cleaving DNA, it can add a 2′-deoxynucleoside to the reaction product to yield directly a blunt-ended DNA. We propose that nucleoside incorporation proceeds through a two-step reaction, in which BfiI first cleaves the DNA to make a covalent enzyme–DNA intermediate and then resolves it...

Modification to the lower hybrid system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gormezano, C.

1989-01-01

The main modifications which have to be done to the Lower Hybrid system are related in the change of the plasma shape in front of the grill mouth. In effect, the theoretical coupling efficiency of the LHCD grill depends only upon the density at the grill mouth and upon the launched wave index. In order to minimize the number of modifications to the launcher it is proposed to modify the length of the vacuum waveguides connecting the multijunctions to the vacuum windows. To obtain the new poloidal contour, it is proposed to recover the L1 multijunctions and to remachine their mouth. (U.K.)

Caracteres estruturais foliares de espécies de <i>Arachis> e sua relação com a cercosporiose

OpenAIRE

Pablo Rodrigues Sanine; Roberto Antonio Rodella

2017-01-01

A cercosporiose, causada pelo fungo Cercosporidium personatum, é uma doença de grande importância para a cultura do amendoim (Arachis hypogaea). O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar caracteres estruturais do limbo foliar, em dois cultivares e quatro acessos de três espécies de Arachis, procurando relacioná-los com graus de resistência à cercosporiose. Foram amostradas porções do terço médio da região internvervural, do terceiro ou quarto folíolo da segunda folha contada a partir do ápice...

Alteration of Sequence Specificity of the Type IIS Restriction Endonuclease BtsI

OpenAIRE

Guan, Shengxi; Blanchard, Aine; Zhang, Penghua; Zhu, Zhenyu

2010-01-01

The Type IIS restriction endonuclease BtsI recognizes and digests at GCAGTG(2/0). It comprises two subunits: BtsIA and BtsIB. The BtsIB subunit contains the recognition domain, one catalytic domain for bottom strand nicking and part of the catalytic domain for the top strand nicking. BtsIA has the rest of the catalytic domain that is responsible for the DNA top strand nicking. BtsIA alone has no activity unless it mixes with BtsIB to reconstitute the BtsI activity. During characterization of ...

Constitutively Active MAVS Inhibits HIV-1 Replication via Type I Interferon Secretion and Induction of HIV-1 Restriction Factors.

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Sachin Gupta

Full Text Available Type I interferon is known to inhibit HIV-1 replication through the induction of interferon stimulated genes (ISG, including a number of HIV-1 restriction factors. To better understand interferon-mediated HIV-1 restriction, we constructed a constitutively active form of the RIG-I adapter protein MAVS. Constitutive MAVS was generated by fusion of full length MAVS to a truncated form of the Epstein Barr virus protein LMP1 (ΔLMP1. Supernatant from ΔLMP1-MAVS-transfected 293T cells contained high levels of type I interferons and inhibited HIV replication in both TZM-bl and primary human CD4+ T cells. Supernatant from ΔLMP1-MAVS-transfected 293T cells also inhibited replication of VSV-G pseudotyped single cycle SIV in TZM-bl cells, suggesting restriction was post-entry and common to both HIV and SIV. Gene array analysis of ΔLMP1-MAVS-transfected 293T cells and trans-activated CD4+ T cells showed significant upregulation of ISG, including previously characterized HIV restriction factors Viperin, Tetherin, MxB, and ISG56. Interferon blockade studies implicated interferon-beta in this response. In addition to direct viral inhibition, ΔLMP1-MAVS markedly enhanced secretion of IFN-β and IL-12p70 by dendritic cells and the activation and maturation of dendritic cells. Based on this immunostimulatory activity, an adenoviral vector (Ad5 expressing ΔLMP1-MAVS was tested as a molecular adjuvant in an HIV vaccine mouse model. Ad5-Gag antigen combined with Ad5-ΔLMP1-MAVS enhanced control of vaccinia-gag replication in a mouse challenge model, with 4/5 animals showing undetectable virus following challenge. Overall, ΔLMP1-MAVS is a promising reagent to inhibit HIV-1 replication in infected tissues and enhance vaccine-mediated immune responses, while avoiding toxicity associated with systemic type I interferon administration.

Automatic braking system modification for the Advanced Transport Operating Systems (ATOPS) Transportation Systems Research Vehicle (TSRV)

Science.gov (United States)

Coogan, J. J.

1986-01-01

Modifications were designed for the B-737-100 Research Aircraft autobrake system hardware of the Advanced Transport Operating Systems (ATOPS) Program at Langley Research Center. These modifications will allow the on-board flight control computer to control the aircraft deceleration after landing to a continuously variable level for the purpose of executing automatic high speed turn-offs from the runway. A bread board version of the proposed modifications was built and tested in simulated stopping conditions. Test results, for various aircraft weights, turnoff speed, winds, and runway conditions show that the turnoff speeds are achieved generally with errors less than 1 ft/sec.

Diversidade de angiospermas e espécies medicinais de uma área de Cerrado

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A.F. SILVA

2015-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a diversidade vegetal de uma área de Cerrado em Prudente de Morais, MG, bem como suas indicações medicinais. Foram feitas nove excursões à reserva da Fazenda Experimental Santa Rita da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (FESR/EPAMIG (19°26’20”’ S e 44°09’15”’ W. O material vegetal coletado foi herborizado, identificado e incorporado ao acervo do Herbário PAMG/EPAMIG. O sistema de classificação utilizado foi o APG III. Após a identificação, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica buscando dados sobre a utilização medicinal das espécies. Coletaram-se 108 espécies pertencentes a 47 famílias. As famílias mais representativas foram: Fabaceae, com 16 espécies, Myrtaceae com sete espécies, Asteraceae e Rubiaceae com seis espécies cada, Malpighiaceae e Solanaceae com cinco espécies cada, Erythroxylaceae, Euphorbiaceae e Vochysiaceae, com quatro espécies cada, Anacardiaceae, Apocynaceae, Lamiaceae e Sapindaceae com três espécies cada, Annonaceae, Arecaceae, Bignoniaceae, Celastraceae e Primulaceae com duas espécies cada. Vinte e nove famílias foram monoespecíficas. Das 108 espécies, 39 são árvores (36%, 43 arbustos (40%, seis subarbustos (5,5%, 14 lianas (13% e seis são ervas (5,5%. Sessenta e seis (61% espécies pertencentes a 39 famílias (83% são utilizadas popularmente, para o tratamento de alguma doença. As famílias com maior número de espécies medicinais foram: Fabaceae com oito espécies; Rubiaceae com cinco espécies e Solanaceae com quatro espécies. As espécies que apresentaram mais finalidades terapêuticas foram: Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul (Moraceae, Caryocar brasiliense Cambess. (Caryocaraceae, Cochlospermum regium (Mart. ex Schrank Pilg. (Bixaceae, Croton urucurana Bail. (Euphorbiaceae, Gomphrena officinalis Mart. (Amaranthaceae, Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne (Fabaceae, Lithrea molleoides (Vell. Engl. (Anacardiaceae

A role for the budding yeast separase, Esp1, in Ty1 element retrotransposition.

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Krystina L Ho

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Separase/Esp1 is a protease required at the onset of anaphase to cleave cohesin and thereby enable sister chromatid separation. Esp1 also promotes release of the Cdc14 phosphatase from the nucleolus to enable mitotic exit. To uncover other potential roles for separase, we performed two complementary genome-wide genetic interaction screens with a strain carrying the budding yeast esp1-1 separase mutation. We identified 161 genes that when mutated aggravate esp1-1 growth and 44 genes that upon increased dosage are detrimental to esp1-1 viability. In addition to the expected cell cycle and sister chromatid segregation genes that were identified, 24% of the genes identified in the esp1-1 genetic screens have a role in Ty1 element retrotransposition. Retrotransposons, like retroviruses, replicate through reverse transcription of an mRNA intermediate and the resultant cDNA product is integrated into the genome by a conserved transposon or retrovirus encoded integrase protein. We purified Esp1 from yeast and identified an interaction between Esp1 and Ty1 integrase using mass spectrometry that was subsequently confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation analysis. Ty1 transposon mobility and insertion upstream of the SUF16 tRNA gene are both reduced in an esp1-1 strain but increased in cohesin mutant strains. Securin/Pds1, which is required for efficient localization of Esp1 to the nucleus, is also required for efficient Ty1 transposition. We propose that Esp1 serves two roles to mediate Ty1 transposition - one to remove cohesin and the second to target Ty1-IN to chromatin.

Anatomia do lenho de cinco espécies comercializadas como 'Sucupira'

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Warley Felício Soares

Full Text Available A análise comparativa da anatomia do lenho das espécies Bowdichia nitida Spruce ex Benth, Diplotropis brasiliensis (Tul. Benth., Diplotropis martiusii Benth., Diplotropis purpurea (Rich. Amshoff e Diplotropis racemosa (Hoehne Amshoff é descrita no presente trabalho, visando a determinar as principais características anatômicas necessárias à distinção dessas espécies. Qualitativamente, as características anatômicas mais importantes para a diferenciação do lenho dessas espécies foram: camadas de crescimento, estratificação dos raios, arranjo dos vasos e fileira marginal dos raios. Quantitativamente, a análise estatística mostrou que os parâmetros anatômicos mais importantes no agrupamento das espécies foram: diâmetro dos elementos de vasos, largura dos raios em micrometros, comprimento, espessura da parede e largura das fibras. Verificou-se que a anatomia do lenho pode ser utilizada como importante subsídio na identificação das espécies estudadas.

Model for predicting fabric filter and ESP costs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoskins, W.; Terrill, J.K.

1992-01-01

United Engineers and Constructors (UE and C) has developed a personal computer (PC) based program (Model) for estimating capital and operating costs of fabric filters (FFs) and electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). The program contains proprietary sizing routines for both types of particulate control devices. For the FF, it determines the number of compartments, number of bags, physical dimensions and other important information. For the ESP, it determines specific collection area (SCA), number of cells, and number of TR sets. This paper reports that the program has the capability of handling a wide range of gas flows. It adjusts construction costs for the labor productivity factors in different locations. The capital costs are considered conceptual in nature with an absolute accuracy range of ±25%. The capital and operating costs are used along with economic factors to determine present worth costs. This allows site specific side-by-side comparisons of FFs and ESPs

Genetic modification of hematopoietic stem cells with nonviral systems: past progress and future prospects.

Science.gov (United States)

Papapetrou, E P; Zoumbos, N C; Athanassiadou, A

2005-10-01

Serious unwanted complications provoked by retroviral gene transfer into hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have recently raised the need for the development and assessment of alternative gene transfer vectors. Within this context, nonviral gene transfer systems are attracting increasing interest. Their main advantages include low cost, ease of handling and large-scale production, large packaging capacity and, most importantly, biosafety. While nonviral gene transfer into HSCs has been restricted in the past by poor transfection efficiency and transient maintenance, in recent years, biotechnological developments are converting nonviral transfer into a realistic approach for genetic modification of cells of hematopoietic origin. Herein we provide an overview of past accomplishments in the field of nonviral gene transfer into hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells and we point at future challenges. We argue that episomally maintained self-replicating vectors combined with physical methods of delivery show the greatest promise among nonviral gene transfer strategies for the treatment of disorders of the hematopoietic system.

Cool Down Experiences with the SST-1 Helium Cryogenics System before and after Current Feeders System Modification

Science.gov (United States)

Patel, R.; Panchal, P.; Panchal, R.; Tank, J.; Mahesuriya, G.; Sonara, D.; Srikanth, G. L. N.; Garg, A.; Bairagi, N.; Christian, D.; Patel, K.; Shah, P.; Nimavat, H.; Sharma, R.; Patel, J. C.; Gupta, N. C.; Prasad, U.; Sharma, A. N.; Tanna, V. L.; Pradhan, S.

The SST-1 machine comprises a superconducting magnet system (SCMS), which includes TF and PF magnets. In order to charge the SCMS, we need superconducting current feeders consisting of SC feeders and vapor cooled current leads (VCCLs). We have installed all 10 (+/-) pairs of VCCLs for the TF and PF systems. While conducting initial engineering validation of the SST-1 machine, our prime objective was to produce circular plasma using only the TF system. During the SST-1 campaign I to VI, we have to stop the PF magnets cooling in order to get the cryo- stable conditions for current charging of the TF magnets system. In that case, the cooling of the PF current leads is not essential. It has been also observed that after aborting the PF system cooling, there was a limited experimental window of TF operation. Therefore, in the recent SST-1 campaign-VII, we removed the PF current leads (9 pairs) and kept only single (+/-) pair of the 10,000 A rated VCCLs to realize the charging of the TF system for the extended window of operation. We have observed a better cryogenic stability in the TF magnets after modifications in the CFS. In this paper, we report the comparison of the cool down performance for the SST-1 machine operation before and after modifications of the current feeders system.

Espécies de cigarrinhas em cultivo de café no Município de Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brasil (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Cicadellinae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rachel A. Carvalho

2015-01-01

Full Text Available As cigarrinhas da subfamília Cicadellinae são importantes vetores de patógenos de plantas cultivadas, dentre eles, a bactéria Xylella fastidiosa, que, no Brasil, ataca cultivos de citros, café e também de ameixa. Pouca informação é conhecida sobre a ocorrência, distribuição e biologia de cicadelíneos em plantações de café. Este trabalho apresenta uma lista de 141 espécimes, coletados em meses alternados, no período entre junho de 2009 e abril de 2010, em plantação de café no Município de Santa Teresa no Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Esses espécimes estão distribuídos em 16 gêneros e 21 espécies pertencentes às duas tribos de Cicadellinae: Cicadellini e Proconiini. Dentre os Cicadellini listados, o gênero Graphocephala é, pela primeira vez, registrado para o Brasil.

Full-scale wind-tunnel tests of high-lift system modifications on a carrier based fighter aircraft

Science.gov (United States)

Meyn, Larry A.; Zell, Peter T.; Hagan, John L.; Schoch, David

1993-01-01

Modifications to the high-lift system of a full-scale F/A-I8A were tested in the 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel of the National Full-Scale Aerodynamics Complex at the NASA Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, California. The objective was to measure the effect of simple modifications on the aerodynamic performance of the high-lift system. The modifications included the placement of a straight fairing in the shroud cove above the trailing-edge flap and the addition of seals to prevent air leakage through the hinge lines of the leading-edge flap, the trailing-edge shroud, and the wing fold. The test was carried out on an actual F/A-18A with it's flaps deployed in the landing approach configuration. The angle of attack ranged from 0 to 16 degrees and the wind speed was 100 knots. At an angle of attack of 8 degrees, the trimmed lift coefficient was improved by 0.09 with all wing seals in place. This corresponds to a reduction in the approach speed for the F/A-I8A of about 5 knots. The seal along the wing fold hinge, a feature present on many naval aircraft, provided one third of the total increment in trimmed lift. A comparison of the full-scale wind-tunnel results with those obtained from flight test is also presented.

Design and Simulation of the Robust ABS and ESP Fuzzy Logic Controller on the Complex Braking Maneuvers

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Andrei Aksjonov

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Automotive driving safety systems such as an anti-lock braking system (ABS and an electronic stability program (ESP assist drivers in controlling the vehicle to avoid road accidents. In this paper, ABS and the ESP, based on the fuzzy logic theory, are integrated for vehicle stability control in complex braking maneuvers. The proposed control algorithm is implemented for a sport utility vehicle (SUV and investigated for braking on different surfaces. The results obtained for the vehicle software simulator confirm the robustness of the developed control strategy for a variety of road profiles and surfaces.

Identification and Validation of ESP Teacher Competencies: A Research Design

Science.gov (United States)

Venkatraman, G.; Prema, P.

2013-01-01

The paper presents the research design used for identifying and validating a set of competencies required of ESP (English for Specific Purposes) teachers. The identification of the competencies and the three-stage validation process are also discussed. The observation of classes of ESP teachers for field-testing the validated competencies and…

Minimizing System Modification in an Incremental Design Approach

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pop, Paul; Eles, Petru; Pop, Traian

2001-01-01

In this paper we present an approach to mapping and scheduling of distributed embedded systems for hard real-time applications, aiming at minimizing the system modification cost. We consider an incremental design process that starts from an already existing sys-tem running a set of applications. We...

Intravenous methylprednisolone in HTLV-I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP Metilprednisolona endovenosa na mielopatia associada ao HTLV-I/Paraparesia Espástica Tropical (MAH/PET

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abelardo Q-C Araújo

1993-09-01

Full Text Available HTLV-I (Human T-lymphotropic virus type I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP is an immunomediated myelopathy induced by the HTLV-I. Some patients, specially those from Japan, seem to have a good response to steroid treatment. However, this has not been found in other regions of the world. High dose intravenous methylprednisolone has been used with success in patients with relapses of multiple sclerosis (MS, another autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. To test the effectiveness of methylprednisolone in patients with HAM/TSP, we devised an open trial in 23 patients. We found a very limited benefit of this form of treatment in these patients. Only one patient, who had the shortest disease duration (five months in the whole group, showed a sustained benefit. We speculate that those patients with a shorter history, with presumably less demye-lination and more inflammatory lesions, would show a better response to immunossupressive treatments.A mielopatia associada ao protovírus T-linfotrópico humano (HTLV-I, também conhecida como paraparesia espástica tropical associada ao HTLV-I (MAH/PET, constitui enfermidade imunomediada desencadeada pela infecção pelo HTLV-I. Nesta condição tem sido demonstrada, particularmente em pacientes japoneses, boa resposta clínica à terapêutica com corticosteróides. Este efeito benéfico todavia não foi encontrado em todas as regiões do mundo. Pulsoterapia com metilprednisolona endovenosa tem sido utilizada com sucesso em pacientes com esclerose múltipla, outro exemplo de doença auto-imune do sistema nervoso central, especialmente durante as fases de exacerbação da doença. Objetivando testar a eficácia da pulsoterapia com metilprednisolona em pacientes com MAH/PET, conduzimos estudo aberto em 23 doentes. Não constatamos efeito benéfico significativo desta forma de tratamento na maioria dos enfermos estudados. Apenas um dos pacientes, o qual exibia o menor tempo de

Espécies vegetais indicadas na odontologia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francielda Q. Oliveira

Full Text Available Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre plantas medicinais indicadas para afecções odontológicas, incluindo livros, artigos e sites científicos e populares. Os dados foram compilados em uma tabela contendo informações como nome científico, popular, família, parte utilizada e forma farmacêutica. Foram encontradas 132 espécies, distribuídas em 52 Famílias Botânicas citadas como úteis no tratamento de afecções odontológicas. As espécies mais citadas de acordo com a bibliografia consultada foram Punica granatum L. (10 citações, Althaea officinalis L.(8, Salvia officinalis L. (8, Calendula officinalis L.(8, Malva sylvestris L (7, Plantago major L. (6. O conjunto destes resultados deve permitir um perfil de espécies para uso em odontologia e contribuir para o direcionamento de pesquisas nesta área, culminando com o desenvolvimento de fitoterápicos de qualidade e validados para uso odontológico, bem como permitindo a divulgação destes estudos para a população e profissionais afins.

Cofactor induced dissociation of the multifunctional multisubunit EcoR124I investigated using electromobility shift assays, AFM and SPR

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Youell, J.; Sikora, A.E.; Vejsadová, Štěpánka; Weiserová, Marie; Smith, J.R.; Firman, K.

2017-01-01

Roč. 7, č. 61 (2017), s. 38737-38746 ISSN 2046-2069 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA204/07/0325 Institutional support: RVO:61388971 Keywords : ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY * RESTRICTION-MODIFICATION ENZYMES * I DNA RESTRICTION Subject RIV: EE - Microbiology, Virology OBOR OECD: Microbiology Impact factor: 3.108, year: 2016

Utilization of computational simulator for comparison of correlations in multiphase flow in ESP (Electrical Submersible Pumping) systems; Utilizacao de simulador computacional para a comparacao das correlacoes de escoamento multifasico em sistemas BCS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anjos, Roselaine M. dos; Maitelli, Carla Wilza S.P.; Maitelli, Andre L. [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN (Brazil); Costa, Rutacio O. [Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. (PETROBRAS), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2012-07-01

Electrical Submersible Pumping (ESP) is an artificial lifting method which can be used both onshore and offshore for the production of high flow rates of liquid. By using the computational simulator for systems ESP developed by the AUTOPOC/LAUT - UFRN, this work aimed to evaluate empirical correlations for calculation of multiphase flow in tubing typical of artificial lifting systems operating by ESP. The parameters used for evaluating the correlations are some of the dynamic variables of the system such as head that indicates the lifting capacity of the system, the flow rate of fluid in the pump and the discharge pressure at the pump. Five (5) correlations were evaluated, from which only one considered slipping between phases, but does not take into account flow patterns and, four others considering slipping between the phases as well the flow patterns. The simulation results obtained for all these correlations were compared to results from a commercial computational simulator, extensively used in the oil industry. For both simulators, input values and simulation time, were virtually the same. The results showed that the simulator used in this work showed satisfactory performance, since no significant differences from those obtained with the commercial simulator. (author)

Chronic grouped social restriction triggers long-lasting immune system adaptations.

Science.gov (United States)

Tian, Rui; Hou, Gonglin; Song, Liuwei; Zhang, Jianming; Yuan, Ti-Fei

2017-05-16

Chronic stress triggers rigorous psychological and physiological changes, including immunological system adaptations. However, the effects of long-term social restriction on human immune system have not been investigated. The present study is to investigate the effect of chronic stress on immune changes in human blood, with the stress stimuli controlled.10 male volunteers were group isolated from the modern society in a 50-meter-square room for 150 days, with enriched nutrition and good living conditions provided. Serum examination of immune system markers demonstrated numerous changes in different aspects of the immune functions. The changes were observed as early as 30 days and could last for another 150 days after the termination of the restriction period (300 days' time point). The results strongly argued for the adaptation of immunological system under chronic social restriction stress in adult human, preceding a clear change in psychological conditions. The changes of these immune system factors could as well act as the serum biomarkers in clinical early-diagnosis of stress-related disorders.

On the Possibility of ESP Data Use in Natural Language Processing

OpenAIRE

Knopp, Tomáš

2011-01-01

The aim of this bachelor thesis is to explore this image label database coming from the ESP game from the natural language processing (NLP) point of view. ESP game is an online game, in which human players do useful work - they label images. The output of the ESP game is then a database of images and their labels. What interests us is whether the data collected in the process of labeling images will be of any use in NLP tasks. Specifically, we are interested in the tasks of automatic corefere...

Post graduate ESP curriculum: reading and writing needs.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Afsaneh Dehnad

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Assessing learners' needs is an integral part of any curriculum and course design , namely English for specific purposes (ESP, syllabus design, materials development, teaching methods and testing issues. Critical approach to needs analysis, which is a relatively recent approach, acknowledges the rights of different stakeholders including teachers, students and administrators in the process of needs analysis. However, there has been no formal need analysis for syllabus design at postgraduate level in Medical Universities affiliated to the Ministry of Health in Iran. This study, conducted in 2011, was an attempt to assess the reading and writing needs of postgraduate students in ESP courses on the basis of critical approach to needs analysis. The study population consisted of 67 people: 56 postgraduate students, 5 heads of departments, 5 ESP instructors and 1 executive manager at the Ministry of Health in Iran. Ethical and demographic forms, needs analysis questionnaires, and a form of semi-structured interview were the instruments of the study. According to the findings, there was a discrepancy between students' and instructors' perception of learners' needs and the assumed needs appearing in the syllabi prescribed by the Ministry of Health in Iran. This study showed that a call for critical needs analysis in which the rights of different stakeholders are acknowledged is necessary for meeting the requirements of any ESP classes especially at postgraduate level where the instructors and learners are fully aware of learners' needs.

Towards ESP Programmes in Technical and Vocational Institutions in Malaysia.

Science.gov (United States)

Shukor, Haji; And Others

This paper examines the nature of vocational, technical, and polytechnic education in Malaysia, the extent to which English for special purposes (ESP) programs are incorporated into such education, and the need for ESP program reform. In 1992, Malaysia possessed 70 vocational and 9 technical secondary schools, all of which offered some form of ESP…

Classification of parotidectomy: a proposed modification to the European Salivary Gland Society classification system.

Science.gov (United States)

Wong, Wai Keat; Shetty, Subhaschandra

2017-08-01

Parotidectomy remains the mainstay of treatment for both benign and malignant lesions of the parotid gland. There exists a wide range of possible surgical options in parotidectomy in terms of extent of parotid tissue removed. There is increasing need for uniformity of terminology resulting from growing interest in modifications of the conventional parotidectomy. It is, therefore, of paramount importance for a standardized classification system in describing extent of parotidectomy. Recently, the European Salivary Gland Society (ESGS) proposed a novel classification system for parotidectomy. The aim of this study is to evaluate this system. A classification system proposed by the ESGS was critically re-evaluated and modified to increase its accuracy and its acceptability. Modifications mainly focused on subdividing Levels I and II into IA, IB, IIA, and IIB. From June 2006 to June 2016, 126 patients underwent 130 parotidectomies at our hospital. The classification system was tested in that cohort of patient. While the ESGS classification system is comprehensive, it does not cover all possibilities. The addition of Sublevels IA, IB, IIA, and IIB may help to address some of the clinical situations seen and is clinically relevant. We aim to test the modified classification system for partial parotidectomy to address some of the challenges mentioned.

Treatment of PCR products with exonuclease I and heat-labile alkaline phosphatase improves the visibility of combined bisulfite restriction analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watanabe, Kousuke; Emoto, Noriko; Sunohara, Mitsuhiro; Kawakami, Masanori; Kage, Hidenori; Nagase, Takahide; Ohishi, Nobuya; Takai, Daiya

2010-01-01

Research highlights: → Incubating PCR products at a high temperature causes smears in gel electrophoresis. → Smears interfere with the interpretation of methylation analysis using COBRA. → Treatment with exonuclease I and heat-labile alkaline phosphatase eliminates smears. → The elimination of smears improves the visibility of COBRA. -- Abstract: DNA methylation plays a vital role in the regulation of gene expression. Abnormal promoter hypermethylation is an important mechanism of inactivating tumor suppressor genes in human cancers. Combined bisulfite restriction analysis (COBRA) is a widely used method for identifying the DNA methylation of specific CpG sites. Here, we report that exonuclease I and heat-labile alkaline phosphatase can be used for PCR purification for COBRA, improving the visibility of gel electrophoresis after restriction digestion. This improvement is observed when restriction digestion is performed at a high temperature, such as 60 o C or 65 o C, with BstUI and TaqI, respectively. This simple method can be applied instead of DNA purification using spin columns or phenol/chloroform extraction. It can also be applied to other situations when PCR products are digested by thermophile-derived restriction enzymes, such as PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis.

Analysing ESP Texts, but How?

Science.gov (United States)

Borza, Natalia

2015-01-01

English as a second language (ESL) teachers instructing general English and English for specific purposes (ESP) in bilingual secondary schools face various challenges when it comes to choosing the main linguistic foci of language preparatory courses enabling non-native students to study academic subjects in English. ESL teachers intending to…

Experience with digital instrumentation and control systems for CANDU power plant modifications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Basu, S.

1997-01-01

Over the last years, Ontario Hydro CANDU power plants have gone through many modifications. This includes modification from analog hardwired controls to digital and solid state controls and replacement of the existing digital controls with the latest hardware and software technology. Examples of digital modifications at Bruce A and other CANDU power plants are briefly described and categorized. Most of the I and C technology development has been supported by the CANDU Owners Group (COG) a consortium of Canadian nuclear utilities and the Atomic Energy Canada Limited (AECL). (author)

Experience with digital instrumentation and control systems for CANDU power plant modifications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Basu, S [Ontario Hydro, Toronto, ON (Canada)

1997-07-01

Over the last years, Ontario Hydro CANDU power plants have gone through many modifications. This includes modification from analog hardwired controls to digital and solid state controls and replacement of the existing digital controls with the latest hardware and software technology. Examples of digital modifications at Bruce A and other CANDU power plants are briefly described and categorized. Most of the I and C technology development has been supported by the CANDU Owners Group (COG) a consortium of Canadian nuclear utilities and the Atomic Energy Canada Limited (AECL). (author).

ESP Learners’ Needs Related Learning for the Workplace: A Pragmatic Study for Business School

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hussain Ahmed Liton

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Typically, an ESP course is designed to develop students’ communication skills not solely for the office, but also for useful in a specific workplace. Unfortunately, ESP for Schools of Business at some South-East Asian universities is not being very effective in promoting students’ performance in the workplace. Behind this backdrop, this paper explores learners’ pragmatic workplace learning practices that impact on their profession and have immediate applicability to their professional responsibilities. This article, in other words, addresses the gaps between what students learn in ESP class and what they need in real workplace. The data were collected through questionnaires from 30 ESP teachers. The data were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The research results revealed that the current ESP in use fails to capture the learners’ needs and skills in workplace communication. It, therefore, suggests that ESP textbook has to adapt the practical workplace needs related materials as well as supplementing extra materials through teachers’ constant ‘needs analysis’.

Contribution des causes de décès aux gains en espérance de vie à 65 ans au Canada et l’influence de leur profil par âge, 1979-2007

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bergeron Boucher, Marie-Pier

variation par âge des causes de décès influencent les tendances des taux de mortalité par cause. Les résultats montrent que les progrès de l’espérance de vie à 65 ans sont encore majoritairement dus à la diminution de la mortalité liée aux maladies cardiovasculaires. Toutefois, ces dernières causes de décès...... dans l’évolution de l’espérance de vie proviennent de modifications dans les tendances de certaines causes de décès et de leurs interactions. Cette étude analyse la contribution respective de certaines causes de décès aux changements observés de l’espérance de vie, mais aussi comment les profils de...... ne sont pas les seules à contribuer aux progrès en espérance de vie, puisque les taux de mortalité des dix principales causes de décès au Canada ont connu une diminution depuis 1979, malgré des profils de variation par âge différents....

Genomic Analysis of Pathogenicity Determinants in Mycobacterium kansasii Type I

KAUST Repository

Guan, Qingtian

2016-05-01

Mycobacteria, a genus within Actinobacteria Phylum, are well known for two pathogens that cause human diseases: leprosy and tuberculosis. Other than the obligate human mycobacteria, there is a group of bacteria that are present in the environment and occasionally cause diseases in immunocompromised persons: the non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM). Mycobacterium kansasii, which was first discovered in the Kansas state, is the main etiologic agent responsible for lung infections caused by NTM and raises attention because of its co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Five subspecies of M. kansasii (Type I-V) were described and only M. kansasii Type I is pathogenic to humans. M. kansasii is a Gram-positive bacteria that has a unique cell wall and secretion system, which is essential for its pathogenicity. We undertook a comparative genomics and transcriptomic approach to identify components of M. kansasii Type I pathogenicity. Our previous study showed that espA (ESX-1 essential protein) operon, a major component of the secretion system, is exclusively present in M. kansasii Type I. The purpose of this study was to test the functional role of the espA operon in pathogenicity and identify other components that may also be involved in pathogenicity. This study provides a new molecular diagnostic method for M. kansasii Type I infection using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique to target the espAoperon. With detailed manual curation of the comparative genomics datasets, we found several genes exclusively present in M. kansasii Type I including ppsA/ppsC and whiB6, that we believe are involved, or have an effect on ESX-mediated secretion system. We have also highlighted, in our study, the differences in genetic components coding for the cell membrane composition between the five subspecies of M. kansasii. These results shed light on genetic components that are responsible for pathogenicity determinants in Type I M. kansasii and may help to design better

Modifications in the vacuum loop of the distillation system - Annex 7; Prilog 7 - Izmene u vakuumskoj grani destilacionog sistema

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Milosevic, D [Institute of Nuclear Sciences Boris Kidric, Reaktor RA, Vinca, Beograd (Serbia and Montenegro)

1964-12-15

The heavy water distillation system is foreseen to operate in a continuous regime during reactor operation. The vacuum loop is designed to achieve absolute pressure of 70 mmHg in the evaporator. Modifications in the vacuum loop of the distillation system were necessary in order to attain good efficiency of the distillation, i.e clean heavy water coolant.

The EspF N-Terminal of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 EDL933w Imparts Stronger Toxicity Effects on HT-29 Cells than the C-Terminal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xiangyu Wang

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC O157:H7 EspF is an important multifunctional protein that destroys the tight junctions of intestinal epithelial cells and promotes host cell apoptosis. However, its molecular mechanism remains elusive. We knocked out the espF sequence (747 bp, ΔespF, N-terminal sequence (219 bp, ΔespFN, and C-terminal sequence (528 bp, ΔespFC separately using the pKD46-mediated λ Red homologous recombination system. Then, we built the corresponding complementation strains, namely, ΔespF/pespF, ΔespFN/pespFN, and ΔespFC/pespFC by overlap PCR, which were used in infecting HT-29 cells and BALB/C mice. The level of reactive oxygen species, cell apoptosis, mitochondrial trans-membrane potential, inflammatory factors, transepithelial electrical resistance (TER, and animal mortality were evaluated by DCFH-DA, double staining of Annexin V-FITC/PI, JC-1 staining, ELISA kit, and a mouse assay. The wild-type (WT, ΔespF, ΔespF/pespF, ΔespFC, ΔespFC/pespFC, ΔespFN, and ΔespFN/pespFN groups exhibited apoptotic rates of 68.3, 27.9, 64.9, 65.7, 73.4, 41.3, and 35.3% respectively, and mean TNF-α expression levels of 428 pg/mL, 342, 466, 446, 381, 383, and 374 pg/mL, respectively. In addition, the apoptotic rates and TNF-α levels of the WT, ΔespF/pespF, and ΔespFC were significantly higher than that of ΔespF, ΔespFN, ΔespFC/pespFC, and ΔespFN/pespFN group (p < 0.05. The N-terminal of EspF resulted in an increase in the number of apoptotic cells, TNF-α secretion, ROS generation, mitochondria apoptosis, and pathogenicity in BalB/c mice. In conclusion, the N-terminal domain of the Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 EspF more strongly promotes apoptosis and inflammation than the C-terminal domain.

EFL Teachers' Perception of University Students' Motivation and ESP Learning Achievement

Science.gov (United States)

Dja'far, Veri Hardinansyah; Cahyono, Bambang Yudi; Bashtomi, Yazid

2016-01-01

This research aimed at examining Indonesian EFL Teachers' perception of students' motivation and English for Specific Purposes (ESP) learning achievement. It also explored the strategies applied by teachers based on their perception of students' motivation and ESP learning achievement. This research involved 204 students who took English for…

Influência de depósito de lixo na fitossociologia das espécies arbóreas de cerrado

OpenAIRE

Santana, Otacílio Antunes

2007-01-01

Mudanças na estrutura física e química do solo e nas águas subterrâneas foram observadas em regiões adjacentes aos depósitos de lixo, com acúmulo de metais pesados e nutrientes. Geralmente, existe uma vegetação nativa associada a esses depósitos em suas áreas adjacentes. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: i) realizar o levantamento da composição das espécies arbóreas nativas de Cerrado e quantificar seus parâmetros fitossociológicos; ii) realizar o levantamento das espécies arbóreas exóticas ...

Semiclassical anomalies of the quantum mechanical systems and their modifications for the asymptotic matching

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deniz, Coskun

2011-01-01

JWKB solutions to the Initial Value Problems (IVPs) of the Time Independent Schrodinger's Equation (TISE) for the Simple Linear Potentials (SLPs) with a turning point parameter have been studied according to the turning points by graphical analysis to test the results of the JWKB solutions and suggested modifications. The anomalies happening in the classically inaccessible region where the SLP function is smaller than zero and the results of the suggested modifications, which are in consistent with the quantum mechanical theories, to remove these anomalies in this region have been presented. The origins of the anomalies and verifications of the suggested modifications showing a great success in the results have also been studied in terms of a suggested M ij =S ∼ i-1,j matrix elements made up of the JWKB expansion terms, S i-1,j (where i = 1, 2, 3 and j 1, 2). The results of the modifications for the IVPs and their application to the Bound State Problems (BSPs) with an example application of the Harmonic Oscillator (HO) have been presented and their generalization for any potential function have been discussed and classified accordingly.

Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA and Eggshell Powder (ESP as Partial Replacement for Cement in Concrete

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohamad Mazizah Ezdiani

2018-01-01

Full Text Available This study is an attempt to partially replace Ordinary Portland cement (OPC in concrete with palm oil fuel ash (POFA and eggshell powder (ESP. The mix proportions of POFA and ESP were varied at 10% of cement replacement and compared with OPC concrete as control specimen. The fineness of POFA is characterized by passing through 300 μm sieve and ESP by passing through 75 μm sieve. Compressive strength testing was conducted on concrete specimens to determine the optimum mix proportion of POFA and ESP. Generally the compressive strength of OPC concrete is higher compared to POFA-ESP concrete. Based on the results of POFA-ESP concrete overall, it shows that the optimum mix proportion of concrete is 6%POFA:4% ESP achieved compressive strength of 38.60 N/mm2 at 28 days. The compressive strength of OPC concrete for the same period was 42.37 N/mm2. Higher water demand in concrete is needed due to low fineness of POFA that contributing to low compressive strength of POFA-ESP concrete. However, the compressive strength and workability of the POFA-ESP concrete were within the ranges typically encountered in regular concrete mixtures indicating the viability of this replacement procedure for structural and non-structural applications.

Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and Eggshell Powder (ESP) as Partial Replacement for Cement in Concrete

Science.gov (United States)

Ezdiani Mohamad, Mazizah; Mahmood, Ali A.; Min, Alicia Yik Yee; Nur Nadhira A., R.

2018-03-01

This study is an attempt to partially replace Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in concrete with palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and eggshell powder (ESP). The mix proportions of POFA and ESP were varied at 10% of cement replacement and compared with OPC concrete as control specimen. The fineness of POFA is characterized by passing through 300 μm sieve and ESP by passing through 75 μm sieve. Compressive strength testing was conducted on concrete specimens to determine the optimum mix proportion of POFA and ESP. Generally the compressive strength of OPC concrete is higher compared to POFA-ESP concrete. Based on the results of POFA-ESP concrete overall, it shows that the optimum mix proportion of concrete is 6%POFA:4% ESP achieved compressive strength of 38.60 N/mm2 at 28 days. The compressive strength of OPC concrete for the same period was 42.37 N/mm2. Higher water demand in concrete is needed due to low fineness of POFA that contributing to low compressive strength of POFA-ESP concrete. However, the compressive strength and workability of the POFA-ESP concrete were within the ranges typically encountered in regular concrete mixtures indicating the viability of this replacement procedure for structural and non-structural applications.

Developing and Integrating Courseware for Oral Presentations into ESP Learning Contexts

Science.gov (United States)

Tsai, Shu-Chiao

2010-01-01

This study reports on the development of ESP (English for Specific Purposes) multimedia courseware on oral presentations, and its integration into self-study learning and elective courses for students with different English proficiencies, as one solution to problems in ESP courses in Taiwan. The courseware design is based on Mayer's multimedia…

AUTHENTIC MATERIALS VS TEXTBOOKS IN ESP (ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elena Spirovska Tevdovska

2018-03-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study is to analyze and compare the value of authentic materials and textbooks in ESP English for Specific Purposes learning and teaching context. The study compares the characteristics of the authentic materials and the characteristics of textbooks designed and selected for the purpose of teaching and learning English as a foreign language in ESP setting. The study defines the role of materials in ESP setting and compares the benefits and possible drawbacks of both types of materials and resources: the authentic materials in English for Specific Purposes context compared to traditional textbooks designed for the purpose of teaching and learning English for Specific Purposes. The study identifies the benefits of authentic materials, which include the richness as an input source and the authenticity of the tasks offered to learners, as well as the negative sides of authentic materials, which include the level of difficulty that these materials might present to the learner . Furthermore, the study identifies the benefits of textbooks, which include available sources for the learners and less time consuming class preparation for the teachers, as well as the drawbacks which include the impossibility of finding a textbook which corresponds entirely to learners’ needs. In addition, the article focuses on teachers’ attitudes and opinions regarding the appropriateness and exploitability of each source and their preferences and reasons for material selection. The target population consists of eleven lecturers who teach English for Specific Purposes in tertiary education. The lecturers teach various branches of ESP, including ESP for Computer Sciences, Business, Communication and Legal Studies. Data collection is conducted through a specifically designed questionnaire, addressing the questions of materials selection, teachers’ preferences regarding textbooks or authentic materials and the selection criteria applied by the

Generic Structure of Discussion Sections in ESP Research Articles across International and Iranian Journals

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Masoud Khalili Sabet

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Reviewing literature reveals that identifying generic structure of research articles (RAs in different fields of study, especially ESP, has received much attention. The major purpose behind such trends of research has been raising researchers' awareness of the common conventions in writing RAs. Along with this universal trend, a lot of genre studies have been done in Iranian context; however, it seems that ESP RAs have not been paid due attention yet. Hence this study aimed at investigating the generic structure of ESP RAs in international and Iranian journals. Applying Kanoksilapatham's (2007 model to the compiled corpus, it was found that contextualizing the study (Move 1 and consolidating results (Move 2 were the obligatory moves in Discussion section of ESP RAs across international and Iranian journals. Evaluation of the findings was a new step found in international Discussion sections but absent in Iranian ones. Related discussion of these findings prepares the researchers for publishing in international and Iranian ESP journals. Keywords: ESP, Discussion section, Move, Step, Author presence, Generic structure

Pst I restriction fragment length polymorphism of the human placental alkaline phosphatase gene in normal placentae and tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsavaler, L.; Penhallow, R.C.; Kam, W.; Sussman, H.H.

1987-01-01

The structure of the human placental alkaline phosphatase gene from normal term placentae was studied by restriction enzyme digestion and Southern blot analysis using a cDNA probe to the gene for the placental enzyme. The DNA digests fall into three distinct patterns based on the presence and intensity of an extra 1.1-kilobase Pst I Band. The extra 1.1-kilobase band is present in 9 of 27 placenta samples, and in 1 of these samples the extra band is present at double intensity. No polymorphism was revealed by digestion with restriction enzymes EcoRI, Sma I, BamHI, or Sac I. The extra Pst I-digestion site may lie in a noncoding region of the gene because no correlation was observed between the restriction fragment length polymorphism and the common placental alkaline phosphatase alleles identified by starch gel electrophoresis. In addition, because placental alkaline phosphatase is frequently re-expressed in neoplasms, the authors examined tissue from ovarian, testicular, and endometrial tumors and from BeWo choriocarcinoma cells in culture. The Pst I-DNA digestion patterns from these cells and tissues were identical to those seen in the normal ovary and term placentae. The consistent reproducible digestion patterns seen in DNA from normal and tumor tissue indicate that a major gene rearrangement is not the basis for the ectopic expression of placental alkaline phosphatase in neoplasia

Revisiting the STEC Testing Approach: Using espK and espV to Make Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) Detection More Reliable in Beef

OpenAIRE

Delannoy, Sabine; Chaves, Byron D.; Ison, Sarah A.; Webb, Hattie E.; Beutin, Lothar; Delaval, José; Billet, Isabelle; Fach, Patrick

2016-01-01

Current methods for screening Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157 and non-O157 in beef enrichments typically rely on the molecular detection of stx, eae, and serogroup-specific wzx or wzy gene fragments. As these genetic markers can also be found in some non-EHEC strains, a number of ‘false positive’ results are obtained. Here, we explore the suitability of five novel molecular markers, espK, espV, ureD, Z2098, and CRISPRO26:H11 as candidates for a more accurate screening of EHEC s...

Structural dynamic modification using additive damping

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

elements, FEM and perturbation methods for reanalysis or structural dynamic modification ... to a system changes its mass, stiffness and damping. Thus ... due to the phase difference between stress ' and strain or 'a И E1 З iE2 for direct strain.

Applications of Functional Amyloids from Fungi: Surface Modification by Class I Hydrophobins

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alessandra Piscitelli

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Class I hydrophobins produced from fungi are amongst the first proteins recognized as functional amyloids. They are amphiphilic proteins involved in the formation of aerial structures such as spores or fruiting bodies. They form chemically robust layers which can only be dissolved in strong acids. These layers adhere to different surfaces, changing their wettability, and allow the binding of other proteins. Herein, the modification of diverse types of surfaces with Class I hydrophobins is reported, highlighting the applications of the coated surfaces. Indeed, these coatings can be exploited in several fields, spanning from biomedical to industrial applications, which include biosensing and textile manufacturing.

The Human Thioredoxin System: Modifications and Clinical Applications

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Seyed Isaac Hashemy

2011-03-01

Full Text Available The thioredoxin system, comprising thioredoxin (Trx, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR and NADPH, is one of the major cellular antioxidant systems, implicated in a large and growing number of biological functions. Trx acts as an oxidoreductase via a highly conserved dithiol/disulfide motif located in the active site (-Trp-Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys-Lys-. Different factors are involved in the regulation of Trx activity, including its expression level, localization, protein-protein interactions, post-translational modifications and some chemical inhibitors. Mammalian TrxRs are selenoproteins which have a –Cys-Val-Asn-Val-Gly-Cys- N-terminal active site, as well as a C-terminal selenium-containing active site. Besides two Cys-residues in the redox-regulatory domain of cytosolic Trx (Trx1, human Trx1 has three additional Cys-residues. Post-translational modifications of human Trx1 which are involved in the regulation of its activity can happen via modification of Cys-residues including thiol oxidation, glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation or via modification of other amino acid residues such as nitration of Tyr-49. Because of the numerous functions of the thioredoxin system, its inhibition (mainly happens via the targeting TrxR can result in major cellular consequences, which are potentially pro-oxidant in nature, leading to cell death via necrosis or apoptosis if overexpression of Trx and other antioxidative enzymes can not recuperate cell response. Considering this feature, several anticancer drugs have been used which can inhibit TrxR. Elevated levels of Trx and/or TrxR have been reported in many different human malignancies, positively correlated with aggressive tumor growth and poor prognosis. Moreover, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects of Trx are reasons to study its clinical application as a drug.

Authenticity in the Context of Technologically Enriched ESP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vilhelmina Vaičiūnienė

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose—to determine student attitudes towards authenticity and the interrelation between authenticity and the use of ICT in the ESP learning context. Design/methodology/approach—the research conducted in autumn 2011 was aimed at comparative analysis of students of two study modes—full-time and part-time. It followed research focusing on Bachelor study programme student attitudes (Business Informatics and Finance Economics to authentic resources carried out in spring of 2010. The survey participants were Bachelor study cycle first year students from several faculties of MRU (Law, Politics and Management, Economics and Finance Management, Social Informatics, Social Policy. The paper discusses the ESP learning experience at Mykolas Romeris University and presents research findings obtained through the questionnaire survey. Findings—comparative analysis between full-time and part-time study mode student responses reveals similar learning patterns; however, certain differences can also be observed. The full-time students are motivated by more advanced authentic learning materials and they are more computer literate and able to access these materials, whereas the respondents from the part-time study mode appreciate more traditional Internet-based language learning tools. Research limitations/implications—the research sample was composed of first year Bachelor study programme students, therefore the results cannot be generalised and applied to Master level students. Practical implications—awareness of student needs and problems encountered in authentic learning environment may help improve ESP teaching methods. Originality/Value—gaining insight into student perception of authenticity in learning process and technological proficiency to access authentic resources Keywords: authenticity, student autonomy, ESP context, information communication technologies (ICT. Research type: research paper.

Authenticity in the Context of Technologically Enriched ESP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vilhelmina Vaičiūnienė

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Purpose—to determine student attitudes towards authenticity and the interrelation between authenticity and the use of ICT in the ESP learning context.Design/methodology/approach—the research conducted in autumn 2011 was aimed at comparative analysis of students of two study modes—full-time and part-time. It followed research focusing on Bachelor study programme student attitudes (Business Informatics and Finance Economics to authentic resources carried out in spring of 2010. The survey participants were Bachelor study cycle first year students from several faculties of MRU (Law, Politics and Management, Economics and Finance Management, Social Informatics, Social Policy. The paper discusses the ESP learning experience at Mykolas Romeris University and presents research findings obtained through the questionnaire survey.Findings—comparative analysis between full-time and part-time study mode student responses reveals similar learning patterns; however, certain differences can also be observed. The full-time students are motivated by more advanced authentic learning materials and they are more computer literate and able to access these materials, whereas the respondents from the part-time study mode appreciate more traditional Internet-based language learning tools.Research limitations/implications—the research sample was composed of first year Bachelor study programme students, therefore the results cannot be generalised and applied to Master level students.Practical implications—awareness of student needs and problems encountered in authentic learning environment may help improve ESP teaching methods.Originality/Value—gaining insight into student perception of authenticity in learning process and technological proficiency to access authentic resourcesKeywords: authenticity, student autonomy, ESP context, information communication technologies (ICT.Research type: research paper.

Type I bHLH Proteins Daughterless and Tcf4 Restrict Neurite Branching and Synapse Formation by Repressing Neurexin in Postmitotic Neurons

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mitchell D’Rozario

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Proneural proteins of the class I/II basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH family are highly conserved transcription factors. Class I bHLH proteins are expressed in a broad number of tissues during development, whereas class II bHLH protein expression is more tissue restricted. Our understanding of the function of class I/II bHLH transcription factors in both invertebrate and vertebrate neurobiology is largely focused on their function as regulators of neurogenesis. Here, we show that the class I bHLH proteins Daughterless and Tcf4 are expressed in postmitotic neurons in Drosophila melanogaster and mice, respectively, where they function to restrict neurite branching and synapse formation. Our data indicate that Daughterless performs this function in part by restricting the expression of the cell adhesion molecule Neurexin. This suggests a role for these proteins outside of their established roles in neurogenesis.

Evaluation of an ESP Course of Qur'anic Sciences and Tradition

Science.gov (United States)

Salehi, Hadi; Davari, Ameneh; Yunus, Melor Md

2015-01-01

Evaluation is defined as matching process that matches the needs to available solutions. The present study is an attempt to evaluate English for specific purposes (ESP) course book on "the ESP Course of Qur'anic Sciences and Tradition" taught at some universities in Iran. To achieve this goal, a researcher-made questionnaire and an…

Transferring Generic Features and Recontextualizing Genre Awareness: Understanding Writing Performance in the ESP Genre-Based Literacy Framework

Science.gov (United States)

Cheng, An

2007-01-01

Despite the impact of the ESP genre-based framework of teaching discipline-specific writing to L2 learners, especially to L2 graduate students, the writing performance of learners in such a framework is still not fully explored. In this paper, I analyze three article introductions written by a Chinese-speaking graduate student in electrical…

Online Lexicological Tools in ESP – Towards an Approach to Strategy Training

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jaroslaw Krajka

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Together with great proliferation of online resources on the one hand and a striking lack of commercially published materials for specific ESP domains on the other, the ESP teacher needs to reflect on using Internet materials judiciously in the language classroom. An indispensable element of the teaching process in any context is effective resourcing, or the ability to find, evaluate and use reference tools of various kinds. This strategy is also necessary in the ESP context, and the range of available resources goes beyond dictionaries only and encompasses, among others, specialized dictionaries, glossaries, terminology databanks. The purpose of the present paper is to outline the procedure of online resourcing, by giving specific steps for the training of the skill based on ESP materials of various types. The theoretical discussion of strategy training will be substantiated with the practical activities for the procedure.

The EspF N-Terminal of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 EDL933w Imparts Stronger Toxicity Effects on HT-29 Cells than the C-Terminal.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Xiangyu; Du, Yanli; Hua, Ying; Fu, Muqing; Niu, Cong; Zhang, Bao; Zhao, Wei; Zhang, Qiwei; Wan, Chengsong

2017-01-01

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 EspF is an important multifunctional protein that destroys the tight junctions of intestinal epithelial cells and promotes host cell apoptosis. However, its molecular mechanism remains elusive. We knocked out the espF sequence (747 bp, Δ espF ), N-terminal sequence (219 bp, Δ espF N ), and C-terminal sequence (528 bp, Δ espF C ) separately using the pKD46-mediated λ Red homologous recombination system. Then, we built the corresponding complementation strains, namely, Δ espF/pespF , Δ espF N /pespF N , and Δ espF C /pespF C by overlap PCR, which were used in infecting HT-29 cells and BALB/C mice. The level of reactive oxygen species, cell apoptosis, mitochondrial trans-membrane potential, inflammatory factors, transepithelial electrical resistance (TER), and animal mortality were evaluated by DCFH-DA, double staining of Annexin V-FITC/PI, JC-1 staining, ELISA kit, and a mouse assay. The wild-type (WT), Δ espF , Δ espF/pespF , Δ espF C , Δ espF C /pespF C , Δ espF N , and Δ espF N /pespF N groups exhibited apoptotic rates of 68.3, 27.9, 64.9, 65.7, 73.4, 41.3, and 35.3% respectively, and mean TNF-α expression levels of 428 pg/mL, 342, 466, 446, 381, 383, and 374 pg/mL, respectively. In addition, the apoptotic rates and TNF-α levels of the WT, Δ espF/pespF , and Δ espF C were significantly higher than that of Δ espF , Δ espF N , Δ espF C /pespF C , and Δ espF N /pespF N group ( p < 0.05). The N-terminal of EspF resulted in an increase in the number of apoptotic cells, TNF-α secretion, ROS generation, mitochondria apoptosis, and pathogenicity in BalB/c mice. In conclusion, the N-terminal domain of the Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 EspF more strongly promotes apoptosis and inflammation than the C-terminal domain.

Modification of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 with a natural killer cell-restricted sulfated lactosamine creates an alternate ligand for L-selectin

Science.gov (United States)

André, Pascale; Spertini, Olivier; Guia, Sophie; Rihet, Pascal; Dignat-George, Françoise; Brailly, Hervé; Sampol, José; Anderson, Paul J.; Vivier, Eric

2000-01-01

Natural killer (NK) cells are components of the innate immune system that can recognize and kill virally infected cells, tumor cells, and allogeneic cells without prior sensitization. NK cells also elaborate cytokines (e.g., interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α) and chemokines (e.g., macrophage inflammatory protein-1α) that promote the acquisition of antigen-specific immunity. NK cell differentiation is accompanied by the cell surface expression of a mucin-like glycoprotein bearing an NK cell-restricted keratan sulfate-related lactosamine carbohydrate, the PEN5 epitope. Here, we report that PEN5 is a post-translational modification of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). The PEN5 epitope creates on PSGL-1 a unique binding site for L-selectin, which is independent of PSGL-1 tyrosine sulfation. On the surface of NK cells, the expression of PEN5 is coordinated with the disappearance of L-selectin and the up-regulation of Killer cell Ig-like Receptors (KIR). These results indicate that NK cell differentiation is accompanied by the acquisition of a unique carbohydrate, PEN5, that can serve as part of a combination code to deliver KIR+ NK cells to specific tissues. PMID:10725346

Mielopatia associada ao HTLV-I / paraparesia espástica tropical: relato dos primeiros casos em Sergipe HTLV-I associated myelopathy, tropical spastic paraparesis: report of the first cases in Sergipe-Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

HÉLIO ARAUJO OLIVEIRA

1998-03-01

Full Text Available Mielopatia associada ao HTLV-I / paraparesia espástica tropical (MAH/PET, tem sido descrita em quase todas as regiões do Brasil.Os autores apresentam oito casos clinicamente definidos como MAH/PET, os primeiros relatados no Estado de Sergipe .Todos foram positivos para HTLV-I, através do método ELISA, realizado duas vezes; em apenas dois casos foi possível a confirmação por Western Blot. De acordo com protocolo de investigação clínico-laboratorial, todos os pacientes apresentaram acometimento do tracto piramidal, com mínimo comprometimeto da sensibilidade e alterações esfincterianas. Os autores chamam a atenção para a endemicidade do HTLV-I no Estado, cuja prevalência entre doadores de sangue é significativa (0,43%.HTLV-I associated myelopathy/ tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP has been decribed in practically all regions of Brazil. The authors present eight clinically defined cases of HAM/TSP, as being the first reported in Sergipe (Northeastern Brazil. All of them were confirmed through ELISA in two examinations, although only two were confirmed by Western Blot. According to clinical/laboratorial investigation protocol, all patients presented involvement of the pyramidal tract with minimal sensory loss and sphincter alteration. The authors call the attention for the endemicity of HTLV-I in the region, whose prevalence amongst blood donors is significant (0.43%.

Mercury Control for Plants Firing Texas Lignite and Equipped with ESP-wet FGD

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Katherine Dombrowski

2009-12-31

This report presents the results of a multi-year test program conducted as part of Cooperative Agreement DE-FC26-06NT42779, 'Mercury Control for Plants Firing Texas Lignite and Equipped with ESP-wet FGD.' The objective of this program was to determine the level of mercury removal achievable using sorbent injection for a plant firing Texas lignite fuel and equipped with an ESP and wet FGD. The project was primarily funded by the U.S. DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory. EPRI, NRG Texas, Luminant (formerly TXU), and AEP were project co-funders. URS Group was the prime contractor, and Apogee Scientific and ADA-ES were subcontractors. The host site for this program was NRG Texas Limestone Electric Generating Station (LMS) Units 1 and 2, located in Jewett, Texas. The plant fires a blend of Texas lignite and Powder River Basin (PRB) coal. Full-scale tests were conducted to evaluate the mercury removal performance of powdered sorbents injected into the flue gas upstream of the ESP (traditional configuration), upstream of the air preheater, and/or between electric fields within the ESP (Toxecon{trademark} II configuration). Phases I through III of the test program, conducted on Unit 1 in 2006-2007, consisted of three short-term parametric test phases followed by a 60-day continuous operation test. Selected mercury sorbents were injected to treat one quarter of the flue gas (e.g., approximately 225 MW equivalence) produced by Limestone Unit 1. Six sorbents and three injection configurations were evaluated and results were used to select the best combination of sorbent (Norit Americas DARCO Hg-LH at 2 lb/Macf) and injection location (upstream of the ESP) for a two-month performance evaluation. A mercury removal rate of 50-70% was targeted for the long-term test. During this continuous-injection test, mercury removal performance and variability were evaluated as the plant operated under normal conditions. Additional evaluations were made to determine any

Phase I clinical trial of the vaccination for the patients with metastatic melanoma using gp100-derived epitope peptide restricted to HLA-A*2402

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Baba Toshiyuki

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The tumor associated antigen (TAA gp100 was one of the first identified and has been used in clinical trials to treat melanoma patients. However, the gp100 epitope peptide restricted to HLA-A*2402 has not been extensively examined clinically due to the ethnic variations. Since it is the most common HLA Class I allele in the Japanese population, we performed a phase I clinical trial of cancer vaccination using the HLA-A*2402 gp100 peptide to treat patients with metastatic melanoma. Methods The phase I clinical protocol to test a HLA-A*2402 gp100 peptide-based cancer vaccine was designed to evaluate safety as the primary endpoint and was approved by The University of Tokyo Institutional Review Board. Information related to the immunologic and antitumor responses were also collected as secondary endpoints. Patients that were HLA-A*2402 positive with stage IV melanoma were enrolled according to the criteria set by the protocol and immunized with a vaccine consisting of epitope peptide (VYFFLPDHL, gp100-in4 emulsified with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA for the total of 4 times with two week intervals. Prior to each vaccination, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs were separated from the blood and stored at -80°C. The stored PBMCs were thawed and examined for the frequency of the peptide specific T lymphocytes by IFN-γ- ELISPOT and MHC-Dextramer assays. Results No related adverse events greater than grade I were observed in the six patients enrolled in this study. No clinical responses were observed in the enrolled patients although vitiligo was observed after the vaccination in two patients. Promotion of peptide specific immune responses was observed in four patients with ELISPOT assay. Furthermore, a significant increase of CD8+ gp100-in4+ CTLs was observed in all patients using the MHC-Dextramer assay. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs clones specific to gp100-in4 were successfully established from the PBMC of some

Planeamiento estratégico del espárrago en el Perú

OpenAIRE

Cuyuche Yupari, Lissete Alicia; Planas Rivarola, Juan Jorge Miguel; Salazar Oré, Fernando Alonso

2017-01-01

El cultivo del espárrago constituye una importante fuente generadora de trabajo y de ingresos para el Perú. El crecimiento del sector esparraguero y su expansión comercial, desde la década del 80, ha posicionado al país como el primer exportador mundial de espárragos. En el 2015, se alcanzaron ventas por US$ 589 millones, equivalente al 37% de las exportaciones mundiales de espárragos, lo cual contribuyó con el 1.8% de las exportaciones totales del país. Además, ubicó a esta ho...

QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF EFFICIENCY OF TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPING ESP COMPETENCE IN STUDENTS MAJORING IN SCIENCES

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Наталія Микитинко

2015-05-01

Full Text Available The article is dedicated to identifying and diagnosing qualitative indicators of efficiency of technologies developing ESP competence in students majoring in Sciences, namely: indicators of objective and subjective assessment  of students’ ESP competence, students’ motivation regarding professional choice, organizational features of professional training, its contents, the most popular learning activities, use of active methods of study in educational process. The paradigm of experimental research of efficiency of technologies developing ESP competence in students majoring in Sciences has been defined. Based on the interpretation of the qualitative indicators the hypothesis of efficiency of technologies developing ESP competence in students majoring in Sciences has been proven.

<i>Delphinium> L. Subgen. <i>Delphinium>: origin and evolutionary trends

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Blanché, Cèsar

1990-12-01

Full Text Available The advanced features of <i>Delphinium> lo subgen. <i>Delphinium>(annual taxa are compared with those of subgen. <i>Delphinastrum> (DC. Wang and subgen. <i>Oligophyllon> Dimitrova (perennial taxa. F1ower morphology shows a functional interchange between lateral petals and upper petals. and inflorescence structure favours geitonogamy-autogamy rates. Karyotype evolution is based on a decrease in the total length of chromosomes and on an increase in the degree of asymmetry: the chromosome number remains constant (2n = 16 in the subgen. <i>Delphinium>.The dispersal efficiency of the annual species is higher than that of perennials due to seed set increase and improved floatability. both in water and in air. Other advanced adaptive features are the acquisition or new chemical weapons and the emergence of a new embryonogenic type. The ecological niches or subgen. <i>Delphinium> correspond to open and disturbed habitats in contrast to the stable and relatively closed ones or subgenera <i>Delphinastum> and <i>Oligophyllon>. A final hypothesis is made concerning the evolutionary trends observed in annuals vs. perennials in connexion with biogeographical considerations, and a final taxonomic summary is given.

[ca] Les característiques avançades de <i>Delphinium> L. subgèn. <i>Delphinium> (tàxons anuals són comparades amb les del subgèn. <i>Delphinastrum> (DC. Wang i del subgèn. <i>Oligophyllon> Dimitrova (tàxons perennes. La morfologia norai mostra un intercanvi de funcions entre els pètals laterals i els pètals superiors i l'estructura de la inflorescència de molts tàxons anuals afavoreix un augment de les taxes de geitonogàmia-autogàmia. L'evolució dels cariotips és basada en una disminució de la longitud total dels cromosomes i en un increment del grau d'asimetria; el nombre cromosòmic roman constant per a totes les espècies anuals (2n = 16. l'eficàcia de la dispersió de les esp

Genetic Control of the Secondary Modification of Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Escherichia coli1

Science.gov (United States)

Mamelak, Linda; Boyer, Herbert W.

1970-01-01

The wild-type restriction and modification alleles of Escherichia coli K-12 and B were found to have no measurable effect on the patterns of methylated bases in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of these strains. The genetic region controlling the methylation of cytosine in E. coli K-12 was mapped close to his, and the presence or absence of this gene in E. coli B or E. coli K had no effect on the restriction and modification properties of these strains. Thus, only a few of the methylated bases in the DNA of these strains are involved in host modification, and the biological role of the remainder remains obscure. PMID:4919756

A Mimicking-of-DNA-Methylation-Patterns Pipeline for Overcoming the Restriction Barrier of Bacteria

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Guoqiang; Wang, Wenzhao; Deng, Aihua; Sun, Zhaopeng; Zhang, Yun; Liang, Yong; Che, Yongsheng; Wen, Tingyi

2012-01-01

Genetic transformation of bacteria harboring multiple Restriction-Modification (R-M) systems is often difficult using conventional methods. Here, we describe a mimicking-of-DNA-methylation-patterns (MoDMP) pipeline to address this problem in three difficult-to-transform bacterial strains. Twenty-four putative DNA methyltransferases (MTases) from these difficult-to-transform strains were cloned and expressed in an Escherichia coli strain lacking all of the known R-M systems and orphan MTases. Thirteen of these MTases exhibited DNA modification activity in Southwestern dot blot or Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS) assays. The active MTase genes were assembled into three operons using the Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA assembler and were co-expressed in the E. coli strain lacking known R-M systems and orphan MTases. Thereafter, results from the dot blot and restriction enzyme digestion assays indicated that the DNA methylation patterns of the difficult-to-transform strains are mimicked in these E. coli hosts. The transformation of the Gram-positive Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TA208 and B. cereus ATCC 10987 strains with the shuttle plasmids prepared from MoDMP hosts showed increased efficiencies (up to four orders of magnitude) compared to those using the plasmids prepared from the E. coli strain lacking known R-M systems and orphan MTases or its parental strain. Additionally, the gene coding for uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (upp) was directly inactivated using non-replicative plasmids prepared from the MoDMP host in B. amyloliquefaciens TA208. Moreover, the Gram-negative chemoautotrophic Nitrobacter hamburgensis strain X14 was transformed and expressed Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP). Finally, the sequence specificities of active MTases were identified by restriction enzyme digestion, making the MoDMP system potentially useful for other strains. The effectiveness of the MoDMP pipeline in different bacterial groups suggests a universal potential

Transformação genética em espécies florestais.

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Claudia Studart-Guimarães

2010-08-01

Full Text Available A transformação genética, que compreende a introdução de genes exógenos de forma controlada no genoma de uma célula vegetal e posterior regeneração da planta transgênica, tem contribuído com os programas de melhoramento genético de plantas pela obtenção de genótipos com novas características de interesse. O melhoramento de espécies florestais é limitado por características intrínsecas a tais espécies, como a altura dos indivíduos e o ciclo longo de vida. A transformação genética constitui, portanto, uma alternativa para a obtenção de espécies florestais com características desejáveis em um menor espaço de tempo. Plantas transgênicas com resistência a determinadas pragas, com melhor qualidade de madeira, maior produção de biomassa, tolerância a herbicidas, entre outras características de interesse, já foram obtidas para diferentes espécies florestais de importância econômica como álamo, eucalipto e pinheiros em geral. Este trabalho mostra a importância da transformação genética, associada a outras técnicas biotecnológicas no melhoramento de espécies florestais, as técnicas de transformação mais utilizadas e as características que já foram introduzidas nessas espécies pela transformação.

Cooling tower modification for intermittent operation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Midkiff, W.S.

1975-03-01

One of the cooling towers at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory is being operated intermittently. The cooling tower has been modified to restrict air flow and to keep the tower from drying out. The modifications are relatively inexpensive, simple to operate, and have proved effective. (U.S.)

I/O subnets for the APS control system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arnold, N.D.; Nawrocki, G.J.; Daly, R.T.; Kraimer, M.R.; McDowell, W.P.

1991-01-01

Although the Advanced Photon Source Control System allows for microprocessor-based Input/Output Controllers (IOCs) to be distributed throughout the facility, it is not always cost effective to provide such capability at every location where an interface to the Control System is required. I/O subnets implemented via message passing network protocols are used to interface points and/or equipment to a somewhat distant IOC, thereby reducing the number of required IOC's and minimizing the field wiring from the equipment to the Control System. For greatest flexibility, the subnets must support connections to equipment that requires several discrete I/O points, connections to GPIB and RS232 instruments, and a network connection to custom designed intelligent equipment. This paper describes an approach that supports all of these interfaces with one subnet implementation, BITBUS trademark. In addition to accommodating several different interfaces on a single subnet, this approach also circumvents several limitations of GPIB and RS232 which would otherwise restrict their use in a harsh, industrial environment

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Class I Restricted Epitope Discovery in Yellow Fewer and Dengue Viruses: Importance of HLA Binding Strength

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lund, Ole; Nascimento, Eduardo J. M.; Maciel, Milton, Jr

2011-01-01

Epitopes from all available full-length sequences of yellow fever virus (YFV) and dengue fever virus (DENV) restricted by Human Leukocyte Antigen class I (HLA-I) alleles covering 12 HLA-I supertypes were predicted using the NetCTL algorithm. A subset of 179 predicted YFV and 158 predicted DENV...... inoculated twice with the 17DD YFV vaccine strain. Three of the YFV A*02:01 restricted peptides activated T-cells from the infected mice in vitro. All three peptides that elicited responses had an HLA binding affinity of 2 nM or less. The results indicate the importance of the strength of HLA binding...

Crystal structure of the Epithiospecifier Protein, ESP from Arabidopsis thaliana provides insights into its product specificity.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Weiwei; Wang, Wenhe; Liu, Zihe; Xie, Yongchao; Wang, Hao; Mu, Yajuan; Huang, Yao; Feng, Yue

2016-09-16

Specifier proteins are important components of the glucosinolate-myrosinase system, which mediate plant defense against herbivory and pathogen attacks. Upon tissue disruption, glucosinolates are hydrolyzed to instable aglucones by myrosinases, and then aglucones will rearrange to form defensive isothiocyanates. Specifier proteins can redirect this reaction to form other products, such as simple nitriles, epithionitriles and organic thiocyanates instead of isothiocyanates based on the side chain structure of glucosinolate and the type of the specifier proteins. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism underlying the different product spectrums of various specifier proteins was not fully understood. Here in this study, we solved the crystal structure of the Epithiospecifier Protein, ESP from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtESP) at 2.3 Å resolution. Structural comparisons with the previously solved structure of thiocyanate forming protein, TFP from Thlaspi arvense (TaTFP) reveal that AtESP shows a dimerization pattern different from TaTFP. Moreover, AtESP harbors a slightly larger active site pocket than TaTFP and several residues around the active site are different between the two proteins, which might account for the different product spectrums of the two proteins. Together, our structural study provides important insights into the molecular mechanisms of specifier proteins and shed light on the basis of their different product spectrums. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Effects of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, DHPG, and injection stress on striatal cell signaling in food-restricted and ad libitum fed rats

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Carr Kenneth D

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Chronic food restriction augments the rewarding effect of centrally administered psychostimulant drugs and this effect may involve a previously documented upregulation of D-1 dopamine receptor-mediated MAP kinase signaling in nucleus accumbens (NAc and caudate-putamen (CPu. Psychostimulants are known to induce striatal glutamate release, and group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR have been implicated in the cellular and behavioral responses to amphetamine. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether chronic food restriction increases striatal MAP kinase signaling in response to the group I mGluR agonist, DHPG. Results Western immunoblotting was used to demonstrate that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v. injection of DHPG (500 nmol produces greater activation of ERK1/2 and CREB in CPu and NAc of food-restricted as compared to ad libitum fed rats. Fos-immunostaining induced by DHPG was also stronger in CPu and NAc core of food-restricted relative to ad libitum fed rats. However, i.c.v. injection of saline-vehicle produced greater activation of ERK1/2 and CREB in CPu and NAc of food-restricted relative to ad libitum fed rats, and this difference was not seen when subjects received no i.c.v. injection prior to sacrifice. In addition, although DHPG activated Akt, there was no difference in Akt activation between feeding groups. To probe whether the augmented ERK1/2 and CREB activation in vehicle-injected food-restricted rats are mediated by one or more GluR types, effects of an NMDA antagonist (MK-801, 100 nmol, AMPA antagonist (DNQX, 10 nmol, and group I mGluR antagonist (AIDA, 100 nmol were compared to saline-vehicle. Antagonist injections did not diminish activation of ERK1/2 or CREB. Conclusions These results indicate that a group I mGluR agonist induces phosphorylation of Akt, ERK1/2 and CREB in both CPu and NAc. However, group I mGluR-mediated signaling may not be upregulated in food-restricted rats

Effects of Moderate Aerobic Exercise Combined with Caloric Restriction on Circulating Estrogens and IGF-I in Premenopausal Women

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Williams, Nancy

2003-01-01

The proposal entitled "Effects of moderate aerobic exercise combined with caloric restriction on circulating estrogens and IGF-I in premenopausal women will provide important scientific contributions...

Perinatal Changes of Cardiac Troponin-I in Normal and Intrauterine Growth-Restricted Pregnancies

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Nicoletta Iacovidou

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR implies fetal hypoxia, resulting in blood flow redistribution and sparing of vital organs (brain, heart. Serum cardiac Troponin-I (cTnI, a well-established marker of myocardial ischaemia, was measured in 40 mothers prior to delivery, the doubly clamped umbilical cords (representing fetal state, and their 20 IUGR and 20 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA neonates on day 1 and 4 postpartum. At all time points, no differences in cTnI levels were observed between the AGA and IUGR groups. Strong positive correlations were documented between maternal and fetal/neonatal values (r≥.498, P≤.025 in all cases in the AGA and r≥.615, P≤.009 in all cases in the IUGR group. These results may indicate (a normal heart function, due to heart sparing, in the IUGR group (b potential crossing of the placental barrier by cTnI in both groups

Compliance to antihypertensive drugs, salt restriction, exercise and control of systemic hypertension in hypertensive patients at abbottabad

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmed, N.; Waqas, A.; Khaliq, M.A.

2008-01-01

Hypertension is one of the most important cardiovascular risk factor but its control is still a challenge for physicians all around the world. Control of blood pressure can reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, so the compliance to antihypertensive drugs and life style modification play an important role for the control of hypertension. This analytical (cross-sectional) study was conducted to assess prevalence of control of hypertension among hypertensive patients and to assess the relationship of control of hypertension with factors like compliance to antihypertensive drugs, salt restriction and exercise among the hypertensive patients. This study was conducted at outpatient clinic of medicine at Shahina Jamil Hospital Abbottabad from April 2007 to September 2007. Eighty-nine patients seen in the outpatient clinic of medicine were enrolled in the study. All the patients with age 15 years or above, diagnosed as a case of systemic hypertension were included. Among eighty nine patients, 67 were female and 22 were male with mean age of 55.8+-13.4 years, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 160+-28.6 and 97.8+-14.1 mm Hg respectively, and pulse rate of 85.9+-11.4 per minutes. Out of 89 patients, 25.8% were having controlled hypertension, 48.3% were compliant and 51.7% were not compliant to antihypertensive drugs, 55.1% were having salt restriction and 44.9% were having no salt restriction and 23.6% were used to do physical activity while 76.4% were not used to do physical activity. In group A consisted of patients with controlled hypertension, 95.7% patients were compliant to antihypertensive patients, 95.7% were having salt restriction and 43.5% were used to do physical activity. In group B consisted of patients with uncontrolled hypertension, only 31.8% were compliant to antihypertensive drugs, 40.9% were having salt restriction, 16.7% were used to do physical activity. Hypertension can be controlled if the hypertensive patients have good compliance

O conhecimento sobre morcegos (Chiroptera: Mammalia do estado do Espírito Santo, sudeste do Brasil

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Poliana Mendes

2010-01-01

Full Text Available A Ordem Chiroptera apresenta importância relevante na dinâmica dos ecossistemas, sendo a ordem de mamíferos com maior diversidade de hábitos de vida. Dentre os estados da região Sudeste do Brasil, o Espírito Santo é um dos mais carentes em relação ao conhecimento de morcegos. Este estudo sintetizou o estado do conhecimento sobre quirópteros gerado no Espírito Santo. Para isso, foram catalogados os morcegos depositados no Museu de Biologia Prof. Mello Leitão (MBML, no Laboratório de Estudos de Quirópteros da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (LABEQ, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (MVZ, Royal Ontario Museum (ROM, American Museum of Natural History (AMNH e University of Michigan Museum Zoology (UMMZ. Além disso, foi realizada uma busca por artigos publicados sobre morcegos do Espírito Santo. Foram revistos 49 artigos científicos, realizadas três teses de mestrado e 11 monografias. Considerando as coleções amostradas e artigos publicados totalizam-se 63 espécies de morcegos para o estado, provenientes de 37 dos 78 municípios do Espírito Santo. A maior riqueza de espécies de morcegos foi encontrada nos municípios de Linhares e Santa Teresa, o que é provavelmente reflexo da maior parte dos espécimes depositados nos museus também serem desses municípios. O Espírito Santo apresenta um grande potencial para se encontrar novas ocorrências de espécies, enfatizando a importância da realização de futuros estudos sobre morcegos no estado.The Order Chiroptera plays a vital role in ecosystem dynamics. Among the states of Southeastern Brazil, Espírito Santo State is the one with the least known bat fauna. This study reports on the current state of knowledge on Espírito Santo bats generating this data bank. We have catalogued the bats deposited in the Biology Museum Prof. Mello Leitão (MBML, Laboratory of Bat Studies of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (LABEQ, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (MVZ, Royal Ontario

Validation of the Spanish Version of the Quality of Dying and Death Questionnaire (QODD-ESP) in a Home-Based Cancer Palliative Care Program and Development of the QODD-ESP-12.

Science.gov (United States)

Pérez-Cruz, Pedro E; Padilla Pérez, Oslando; Bonati, Pilar; Thomsen Parisi, Oliva; Tupper Satt, Laura; Gonzalez Otaiza, Marcela; Ceballos Yáñez, Diego; Maldonado Morgado, Armando

2017-06-01

Improving quality of death (QOD) is a key goal in palliative care (PC). To our knowledge, no instruments to measure QOD have been validated in Spanish. The goals of this study were to validate the Spanish version of the quality of dying and death (QODD) questionnaire and to develop and validate a shortened version of this instrument by phone interview. We enrolled caregivers (CGs) of consecutive deceased cancer patients who participated in a single PC clinic. CGs were contacted by phone between 4 and 12 weeks after patients' death and completed the Spanish QODD (QODD-ESP). A question assessing quality of life during last week of life was included. A 12-item QODD (QODD-ESP-12) was developed. Reliability, convergent validity, and construct validity were estimated for both versions. About 150 (50%) of 302 CGs completed the QODD-ESP. Patient's mean age (SD) was 67 (14); 71 (47%) were females, and 131 (87%) died at home. CGs' mean age (SD) was 51 (13); 128 (85%) were females. Mean QODD-ESP score was 69 (range 35-96). Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was 0.322, not supporting the use of factorial analysis to assess the existence of an underlying construct. Mean QODD-ESP-12 score was 69 (range 31-97). Correlation with last week quality of life was 0.306 (P < 0.01). Confirmatory factorial analysis of QODD-ESP-12 showed that data fitted well Downey's four factors; Chi-square test = 6.32 (degrees of freedom = 60), P = 0.394 comparative fit index = 0.988; Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.987, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.016 (95% CI 0-0.052). QODD-ESP-12 is a reliable and valid instrument with good psychometric properties and can be used to assess QOD in a Spanish-speaking cancer PC population by phone interview. Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

CT ESP for Yme, Converting the Yme field offshore Norway from a conventional rig-operated field to CT-operated for workover and drilling applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baklid, A.; Apeland, O. J.; Teigen, A. S. [Statoil (Norway)

1998-12-31

Conventional tubing deployed electrical submersible pump (ESP) was the original choice as the artificial lift method for the Yme field offshore Norway. Several operational problems experienced over the past two years, such as formation damage, complicated and costly workovers and limited access to the reservoir, combined with revised field requirements and a reevaluation of artificial lift methods resulted in a change in completion philosophy. Following these reassessments coiled tubing ESPs utilizing internal power cable were installed and became the preferred method. This paper provides an assessment of the value of installing CT-ESP in a live well, and describes the system design for a true underbalanced CT-ESP installation. Well control and barrier philosophy during installation, production and workover mode is also evaluated. 2 refs., 3 tabs., 5 figs.

Recursos medicinais de espécies do Cerrado de Mato Grosso: um estudo bibliográfico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guarim Neto Germano

2003-01-01

Full Text Available A flora do Cerrado é de enorme riqueza, mas somente 1,5% de sua extensão é protegida por lei. Em vista disto, é preciso valorizar os recursos que ela oferece e que estão sob forte pressão de extinção, como as espécies medicinais. Assim, o presente estudo faz uma revisão bibliográfica aprofundada de trabalhos que indiquem as informações das espécies medicinais do cerrado mato-grossense, com intuito de se estabelecer uma base de dados regionais e, conseqüentemente, iniciar uma discussão em nível nacional. A revisão da flora medicinal constatou o total de 509 espécies, distribuídas em 297 gêneros e 96 famílias. As famílias com maior número de espécies foram Asteraceae e Fabaceae (7% das espécies e os gêneros foram Hyptis e Tabebuia (oito espécies. As espécies com maior número de citações bibliográficas foram Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart. Coville e Anemopaegma arvense (Vell. Stelf. O predomínio foi de espécies arbóreas (31%. Os valores relatados superaram, em muito, estimativas anteriores e, em vista das áreas que ainda não foram cobertas por pesquisas mato-grossenses, acredita-se que o presente resultado poderá ser significativamente ampliado no futuro.

Pentatomídeos (Hemiptera associados a espécies nativas em Itaara, RS, Brasil

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Juliana Garlet

2010-04-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2010v23n1p91 Com o objetivo de determinar qualitativamente e quantitativamente os pentatomídeos associados a diferentes espécies botânicas nativas, no período de setembro de 2005 a setembro de 2006, foram coletados insetos em nove espécies: Gochnatia polymorpha (Less. (cambará, Eugenia uniflora Berg. (pitangueira, Acca selowiana (Berg Burret (goiaba-da-serra, Psidium cattleianum Sabine (araçá, Baccharis spp., Solanaum mauritianum Scop. (fumo-bravo, Micanea cinerascens Miq. (passiquinho, Calliandra brevipes Bhent. (caliandra, Schinus molle L. (aroeira, localizadas na barragem Rodolfo da Costa e Silva, município de Itaara, RS. Foram realizadas coletas quinzenais, com o auxílio de um funil cônico confeccionado com folha de flandres (2mm, com 70cm de diâmetro na maior abertura e 63cm de altura. Retirou-se uma amostra por espécie botânica por data de coleta, obtida através de dez sacudidas dos ramos sobre o funil. Realizadas as coletas, o material foi levado ao Laboratório de Entomologia do Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, onde foi realizada a triagem e identificação do material. Foram identificadas nove espécies de Pentatomidae. Edessa rufomarginata (De Geer, 1773 foi à espécie com maior ocorrência, seguida de Thyanta humilis Bergroth, 1891. A espécie botânica S. mauritianum foi a que apresentou o maior número de espécies de Pentatomidae coletados, representando 26,9% do total.

New species and records of Perlidae (Plecoptera) from Espírito Santo State, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Gonçalves, Maísa DE Carvalho; Novaes, Marcos Carneiro; Salles, Frederico Falcão

2017-06-01

Two new species of the perlid genus Anacroneuria, A. rotunda n. sp and A. pitii n. sp are described from Espírito Santo State, Brazil. Additionally, six species of Anacroneuria and four species of Kempnyia are reported for the first time from Espírito Santo State. Records are also provided for A. debilis, A. subcostalis, K. flava, K. gracilenta, and K. neotropica. An undetermined species of Macrogynoplax based on nymphs is also reported from Espírito Santo State.

From an Appraisal of Iranian ESP Courses to Curriculum Development

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ali Khodi

2016-02-01

Full Text Available The applicability of second language instruction to various situations including academic settings provides great opportunities for students and researchers to access fresh sources of knowledge. This is extended to the majority of Iranian students receiving courses such as English for Specific Purposes (ESP and English for Academic Purposes (EAP who may not find instruction compatible with their needs and aspirations. The present study intends to provide an insight into the current status of ESP and EAP courses within the Iranian context. To this end, 120 male and female university postgraduate students majoring in various non-English fields were selected and given a survey questionnaire to report on their needs and on the quality of the language courses presented to them. The results of the statistical analysis showed that 44.2 % of students believe that listening comprehension is the most required skill followed by reading, speaking and writing skills at 41.7%, 39.2% and 17% of frequency respectively. Meanwhile, the most satisfying ESP and EAP skills currently presented at universities were found to be listening, speaking and reading, in order of preference. In fact, it seems that the current instructional trend ought to be discontinued or modified in various ways. Finally, a comprehensive analytical analysis of the needs and components of each skill has been provided, discussing the potential of the current research for improving ESP and EAP instruction inside Iran.

An Active Type I-E CRISPR-Cas System Identified in Streptomyces avermitilis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yi Qiu

Full Text Available CRISPR-Cas systems, the small RNA-dependent immune systems, are widely distributed in prokaryotes. However, only a small proportion of CRISPR-Cas systems have been identified to be active in bacteria. In this work, a naturally active type I-E CRISPR-Cas system was found in Streptomyces avermitilis. The system shares many common genetic features with the type I-E system of Escherichia coli, and meanwhile shows unique characteristics. It not only degrades plasmid DNA with target protospacers, but also acquires new spacers from the target plasmid DNA. The naive features of spacer acquisition in the type I-E system of S. avermitilis were investigated and a completely conserved PAM 5'-AAG-3' was identified. Spacer acquisition displayed differential strand bias upstream and downstream of the priming spacer, and irregular integrations of new spacers were observed. In addition, introduction of this system into host conferred phage resistance to some extent. This study will give new insights into adaptation mechanism of the type I-E systems in vivo, and meanwhile provide theoretical foundation for applying this system on the genetic modification of S. avermitilis.

A new species and redescriptions of three species of Atractosomus Lacordaire from Brazil (Elateridae, Elaterinae Uma espécie nova e redescrições de três espécies de Atractosomus Lacordaire do Brasil (Elateridae, Elaterinae

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Sônia A. Casari

2012-12-01

Full Text Available A new species, Atractosomus amazonicus sp. nov. is described and three species, A. robustus Candèze, 1859, A. carinatus Candèze, 1859 and A. conicicollis Candèze, 1859 are redescribed and illustrated. A comparison among these species and with the type-species, A. flavescens (Germar 1839 is presented. A.amazonicus sp. nov. and A. robustus belong to group of species with 3rd and 4th antennomeres equal in size and the other studied species, to group with 3rd antennomere smaller than 4th.Uma espécie nova, Atractosomus amazonicus sp. nov. é descrita e três espécies, A. robustus Candèze, 1859, A. carinatus Candèze, 1859 e A. conicicollis Candèze, 1859 são redescritas e ilustradas. É apresentada a comparação entre essas espécies e com a espécie-tipo do gênero, A. flavescens (Germar 1839. A.amazonicus sp. nov. e A. robustus pertecem ao grupo de espécies com 3º e 4º antenômeros iguais em comprimento e as demais espécies estudadas, ao grupo de espécies com 3º antenômero menor que o 4º.

Field experience with the application and operation of permanent magnet motors in the ESP Industry: success stories and lessons learned

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sagalovskiy, A.; Gorshenin, K. [Borets Company, Moscow (Russian Federation)

2012-07-01

Over the past 7 years Borets Company has commercialized a permanent magnet motor (PMM) with a specialized controller that is capable of replacing the traditional motor used in ESP systems. Since 2006 more than 1400 Borets Company PMM systems have been installed by oil companies. This paper will provide an overview of the application environment covered by these installations and contrast the performance for the PMM system versus the traditional 2- pole, 3-phase ESP systems that were replaced. Results will include the lessons learned, best practices developed, and benefits realized by the operator. The PMM practice will be of value to new operators as this technology is introduced to other regions of the globe as well as the expansion of this technology into the ESPCP-PMM market. (author)

Effect of insulin-like growth factor-I during the early postnatal period in intrauterine growth-restricted rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Ikeda, Naho; Shoji, Hiromichi; Suganuma, Hiroki; Ohkawa, Natsuki; Kantake, Masato; Murano, Yayoi; Sakuraya, Koji; Shimizu, Toshiaki

2016-05-01

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is essential for perinatal growth and development; low serum IGF-I has been observed during intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). We investigated the effects of recombinant human (rh) IGF-I in IUGR rats during the early postnatal period. Intrauterine growth restriction was induced by bilateral uterine artery ligation in pregnant rats. IUGR pups were divided into two groups injected daily with rhIGF-I (2 mg/kg; IUGR/IGF-I, n = 16) or saline (IUGR/physiologic saline solution (PSS), n = 16) from postnatal day (PND) 7 to 13. Maternal sham-operated pups injected with saline were used as controls (control, n = 16). Serum IGF-I and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) 3 and 5 were measured on PND25. The expression of Igf-i, IGF-I receptor (Igf-ir), Igfbp3, and 5 mRNA in the liver and brain was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction on PND25. Immunohistochemical staining of the liver for IGF expression was performed. Mean bodyweight on PND3 and PND25 in the IUGR pups (IUGR/IGF-I and IUGR/PSS) was significantly lower than that of the control pups. Serum IGF-I and hepatic Igf-ir mRNA in the IUGR pups were significantly lower than those in the control pups. In the IUGR/IGF-I group, hepatic Igfbp3 mRNA and liver immunohistochemical staining were increased. In the IUGR/PSS and control pups, there were no significant differences between these two groups in serum IGFBP3 and IGFBP5, hepatic Igf-i and Igfbp-5 mRNA, or brain Igf mRNA. No benefits on body and brain weight gain but an effective increase in hepatic IGFBP-3 was observed after treatment with 2 mg/kg rhIGF-I during the early postnatal period. © 2015 Japan Pediatric Society.

Characterization of insulin-like growth factor I receptors in the median eminence of the brain and their modulation by food restriction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bohannon, N.J.; Corp, E.S.; Wilcox, B.J.; Figlewicz, D.P.; Dorsa, D.M.; Baskin, D.G.

1988-01-01

High affinity binding sites for 125I-labeled [Thr59]insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) were measured in rat median eminence by in vitro autoradiography with slide-mounted sections of frozen rat brain. Specific binding of 0.1 nM iodo-[Thr59]IGF-I to brain slices reached maximum by 12 h at 4 C and was unchanged at 24 h. Densitometry by computer digital image analysis of autoradiographic images indicated that specific binding of iodo-[Thr59]IGF-I to the median eminence was reversible. The specificity of binding was evaluated with competition of iodo-[Thr59]IGF-I with unlabeled [Thr59]IGF-I, rat IGF-II (multiplication-stimulating activity), and porcine insulin. All were recognized by the binding site, but the rank order of potency was [Thr59]IGF-I greater than IGF-II greater than insulin. Somatostatin was completely ineffective. Further, an antibody against the rat IGF-II receptor did not block binding of iodo-[Thr59]IGF-I to the median eminence. Fourteen days of food restriction (75% of food intake of controls) resulted in significant weight loss and reduction of plasma immunoreactive IGF-I in six food-restricted rats (0.9 +/- 0.1 U/ml) compared with values in six controls (2.6 +/- 0.5 U/ml; P less than 0.001). Binding of 125I-labeled [Thr59]IGF-I in the median eminence was significantly increased in the food-restricted rats, primarily due to an increase in the concentration of iodo-[Thr59]IGF-I-binding sites in the median eminence; the affinity (Kd) of binding was unchanged. The results indicate that the median eminence has type I IGF-I receptors, which become more numerous under metabolic conditions associated with decreased caloric intake and lowered plasma IGF-I levels

Heterothalamus rupestris, espécie nova de Asteraceae do Rio Grande do Sul.

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Leonardo Paz Deble

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Na revisão botânica do gênero Heterothalamus Less., foi descoberta uma nova espécie, endêmica da Serra do Sudeste do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil que, a seguir, é descrita, ilustrada e comparada com sua espécie afim.

La cartografia de la flora del Montseny en reticle UTM d'1 km. de costat: plantejament i primers resultats

OpenAIRE

Panareda i Clopés, Josep M. (Josep Maria), 1945-; Nuet i Badia, Josep

1983-01-01

El present treball és un primer escrit sobre la cartografia corològica de les plantes vasculars en el massis del Montseny (Serralada Pre-litoral), en el qual exposem el plantejament del projecte i oferim uns primers résultats. Hi incloem també un mapa per espècie prenent com a unitat espacial el quadrat d'1 km de costat del reticle UTM. La presència de 1'espècie a cada quadrat és indicada en très graus d'abundància: espècie présent o rara, espècie fréquent i espècie abundant. L'àrea estudiada...

Espécies da Caatinga como alternativa para o desenvolvimento de novos fitofármacos

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Lécio Resende Pereira Júnior

Full Text Available Grande parte do semiárido brasileiro encontra-se em avançado processo de degradação e poucos estudos direcionam seu desenvolvimento em consonância com essa realidade. Diante deste contexto, foi realizado um levantamento etnobotânico, a fim de subsidiar pesquisas sobre fitofármacos ocorrentes em espécies da Caatinga. Para tal, foram aplicados questionários a 256 famílias, visando a documentar o conhecimento local referente às espécies arbustivo-arbóreas utilizadas como medicinais pela população rural do município de Monteiro-PB. Procurou-se, por meio do levantamento florístico de um fragmento florestal, com aproximadamente 30 anos de conservação, verificar a distribuição das espécies citadas nas entrevistas. Constataram-se 37 espécies identificadas no fragmento florestal avaliado e 38 no levantamento etnobotânico, com 14 espécies em comum entre os levantamentos. As espécies Myracrodruon urundeuva, Sideroxylon obtusifolium, Amburana cearensis, Triplaris gardneriana, Anadenanthera colubrina, Hymenaea courbaril e Bauhinia cheilantha apresentaram-se promissoras para pesquisas voltadas à obtenção de fitofármacos.

Tailored HIV-1 vectors for genetic modification of primary human dendritic cells and monocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Durand, Stéphanie; Nguyen, Xuan-Nhi; Turpin, Jocelyn; Cordeil, Stephanie; Nazaret, Nicolas; Croze, Séverine; Mahieux, Renaud; Lachuer, Joël; Legras-Lachuer, Catherine; Cimarelli, Andrea

2013-01-01

Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) play a key role in the regulation of the immune system and are the target of numerous gene therapy applications. The genetic modification of MDDCs is possible with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-derived lentiviral vectors (LVs) but requires high viral doses to bypass their natural resistance to viral infection, and this in turn affects their physiological properties. To date, a single viral protein is able to counter this restrictive phenotype, Vpx, a protein derived from members of the HIV-2/simian immunodeficiency virus SM lineage that counters at least two restriction factors present in myeloid cells. By tagging Vpx with a short heterologous membrane-targeting domain, we have obtained HIV-1 LVs incorporating high levels of this protein (HIV-1-Src-Vpx). These vectors efficiently transduce differentiated MDDCs and monocytes either as previously purified populations or as populations within unsorted peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In addition, these vectors can be efficiently pseudotyped with receptor-specific envelopes, further restricting their cellular tropism almost uniquely to MDDCs. Compared to conventional HIV-1 LVs, these novel vectors allow for an efficient genetic modification of MDDCs and, more importantly, do not cause their maturation or affect their survival, which are unwanted side effects of the transduction process. This study describes HIV-1-Src-Vpx LVs as a novel potent tool for the genetic modification of differentiated MDDCs and of circulating monocyte precursors with strong potential for a wide range of gene therapy applications.

Enhanced performance of electrostatic precipitators through chemical modification of particle resistivity and cohesion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Durham, M.D.; Baldrey, K.E.; Bustard, C.J. [ADA Technologies, Inc., Englewood, CO (United States)

1995-11-01

Control of fine particles, including particulate air toxics, from utility boilers is required near-term by state and federal air regulations. Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) serve as the primary air pollution control device for the majority of coal-fired utility boilers in the Eastern and Midwestern united States. Cost-effective retrofit technologies for fine particle control, including flue gas conditioning, are needed for the large base of existing ESPs. Flue has conditioning is an attractive option because it requires minimal structural changes and lower capital costs. For flue gas conditioning to be effective for fine particle control, cohesive and particle agglomerating agents are needed to reduce reentrainment losses, since a large percentage of particulate emissions from well-performing ESPs are due to erosion, rapping, and non-rapping reentrainment. A related and somewhat ironic development is that emissions reductions of SO{sub 2} from utility boilers, as required by the Title IV acid rain program of the 1990 Clean Air Act amendments, has the potential to substantially increase particulate air toxics from existing ESPs. The switch to low-sulfur coals as an SO{sub 2} control strategy by many utilities has exacerbated ESP performance problems associated with high resistivity flyash. The use of flue gas conditioning has increased in the past several years to maintain adequate performance in ESPs which were not designed for high resistivity ash. However, commercially available flue gas conditioning systems, including NH{sub 3}/SO{sub 3} dual gas conditioning systems, have problems and inherent drawbacks which create a need for alternative conditioning agents. in particular, NH{sub 3}/SO{sub 3} systems can create odor and ash disposal problems due to ammonia outgassing. In addition, there are concerns over chemical handling safety and the potential for accidental releases.

O gênero Rhipsalis Gärtner (Cactaceae, no Estado de São Paulo I: espécies com ramos cilíndricos ou subcilíndricos The genus Rhipsalis Gärtner (Cactaceae in the State of São Paulo-I: species with cylindrical or subcilindrical joints

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Julio Antonio Lombardi

1991-12-01

Full Text Available Rhipsalis Gärtner é um gênero de Cactaceae de hábito epífita ou rupícola, de ampla distribuição nas Américas do Sul e Central, atingindo inclusive a África tropical e ilhas do Oceano Índico. Este trabalho procurou caracterizar morfologicamente as espécies do gênero Rhipsalis que ocorrem no Estado de São Paulo, possibilitando deste modo o reconhecimento das espécies. Entre as espécies do gênero que possuem artículos cilíndricos e subcilíndricos foram reconhecidas 16 espécies ocorrentes no Estado de São Paulo, incluindo uma espécie nova, R. spinescens Lombardi, além de uma espécie de determinação incerta.Rhipsalis Gärtner is a genus of epiphytic or rupicolous Cactaceae, with a wide distribution in South and Central America. It also occurs in tropical Africa and the islands of the Indie Ocean. This study describes the morphology of the species ocurring in São Paulo state (Brazil. A total of 16 species with cylindrical and subcylindrical joints were recognized for São Paulo state, including an new species R. spinescens Lombardi, and another of uncertain affinity.

Combustion system optimization of a P-62 lignite boiler in ContourGlobal Maritsa East 3 with NOx-reduction and efficiency improvement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petkov, Ch.; Thierbach, Hans-Ulrich; Totev, T.

2013-01-01

Steinmueller Engineering GmbH, Gummersbach, Germany, successfully concluded in consortium with Siemens EOOD, Sofia, the combustion system modification of a P62 lignite fired boiler in TPP ContourGlobal Maritsa East 3, which was targeting mainly the reduction of the NOx emissions below 180 mg/Nm 3 at 6 % O 2 . The modification is part of an EPC contract covering the design, fabrication, installation and commissioning works needed to upgrade the boilers at the power station. The Modification concept involves optimization of PF- and Vapor distribution, replacement of the coal burners, installation of new Over-fire air (OFA) system and Side-wall air (SWA) system and minor modification of the existing control system to allow control of the OFAflow. The main results of the modification are: Reduction of the NOx emissions (at ESP exit) from approximately 390 g/Nm³ to below 180 mg/Nm³ at 6% O 2 , Efficiency increase of the furnace by reduction of the excess air ratio from 1.2 to 1.15 (at furnace outlet) and overall increase of the boiler efficiency. (authors)

I/O subnets for the APS control system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arnold, N.D.; Nawrocki, G.J.; Daly, R.T.; Kraimer, M.R.; McDowell, W.P.

1991-01-01

Although the Advanced Photon Source Control System allows for microprocessor -- based Input/Output Controllers (IOCs) to be distributed throughout the facility, it is not always cost effective to provide such capability at every location where an interface to the Control System is required. I/O subnets implemented via message passing network protocols are used to interface points and/or equipment to a somewhat distant IOC, thereby reducing the number of required IOC's and minimizing the field wiring from the equipment to the Control System. For greatest flexibility, the subnets must support connections to equipment that requires several discrete I/O points, connections to GPIB and RS232 instruments, and a network connection to custom designed intelligent equipment. This paper describes an approach that supports all of the interfaces with one subnet implementation, BITBUS. In addition to accommodating several different interfaces on a single subnet, this approach also circumvents several limitations of GPIB and RS232 which would otherwise restrict their use in a harsh, industrial environment. 1 ref., 1 fig

Restrictive partially blind signature for resource-constrained information systems

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Qiu, Weidong; Gong, Zheng; Liu, Bozhong; Long, Yu; Chen, Kefei

2010-01-01

Restrictive partially blind signature, which is designed for privacy oriented information systems, allows a user to obtain a blind signature from a signer whilst the blind message must obey some certain rules. In order to reduce storage and communication costs, several public-key cryptosystems are

Good practice guide for ESP-r developers

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hensen, J.L.M.

1991-01-01

This report sets out to be a ‘good practice guide’ for researchers involved in the development of the ESP-r building and plant simulation environment, as this is currently under development at various research centres throughout Europe. After an introduction to the background for this work, the

AN EXPLORATION OF THE MAIN DIFFICULTIES, CHALLENGES AND REQUIREMENTS OF THE ESP TEACHING SITUATION IN ALGERIA: THE CASE OF ESP TEACHERS AT ABOU BEKR BELKAID UNIVERSITY, TLEMCEN

OpenAIRE

MEBITIL, Nawal

2011-01-01

This current study seeks to shed light on the main issues our language teachers encounter in an ESP teaching situation when exploring the land of ESP, particularly at the level of Abou Bekr Belkaid University, with close reference to those teachers working at the three following faculties: faculty of Exact Sciences, faculty of Economics and Commercial Sciences and faculty of Law and Political Sciences. The strategies they adopt or adapt to overcome their difficulties while at practice. Th...

Effects of Moderate Aerobic Exercise Combined With Calorie Restriction on Circulating Estrogens and IGF-I in Premenopausal Women

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Williams, Nancy I

2004-01-01

... the primary prevention of breast cancer in women. This study has examined the effects of exercise training combined with caloric restriction, resulting in weight loss, on two hormonal biomarkers for breast cancer i.e...

Effects of Moderate Aerobic Exercise Combined With Caloric Restriction on Circulating Estrogens and IGF-I in Premenopausal Women

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Williams, Nancy I

2004-01-01

... the primary prevention of breast cancer in women. This study has examined the effects of exercise training combined with caloric restriction, resulting in weight loss, on two hormonal biomarkers for breast cancer i.e...

Biofouling Control in Spiral-Wound Membrane Systems: Impact of Feed Spacer Modification and Biocides

KAUST Repository

Siddiqui, Amber

2016-12-01

High-quality drinking water can be produced with membrane-based filtration processes like reverse osmosis and nanofiltration. One of the major problems in these membrane systems is biofouling that reduces the membrane performance, increasing operational costs. Current biofouling control strategies such as pre-treatment, membrane modification, and chemical cleaning are not sufficient in all cases. Feed spacers are thin (0.8 mm), complex geometry meshes that separate membranes in a module. The main objective of this research was to evaluate whether feed spacer modification is a suitable strategy to control biofouling. Membrane fouling simulator studies with six feed spacers showed differences in biofouled spacer performance, concluding that (i) spacer geometry influences biofouling impact and (ii) biofouling studies are essential for evaluation of spacer biofouling impact. Computed tomography (CT) was found as a suitable technique to obtain three-dimensional (3D) measurements of spacers, enabling more representative mathematical modeling of hydraulic behavior of spacers in membrane systems. A strategy for developing, characterizing, and testing of spacers by numerical modeling, 3D printing of spacers and experimental membrane fouling simulator studies was developed. The combination of modeling and experimental testing of 3D printed spacers is a promising strategy to develop advanced spacers aiming to reduce the impact of biofilm formation on membrane performance and to improve the cleanability of spiral-wound membrane systems.

O espírito da paisagem

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

CARLOS FERNANDO DE MOURA DELPHIM

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Desde a Antiguidade, a humanidade acredita que os sítios e paisagens, além de suas características físicas, seriam animados por presenças imateriais, o espírito dos lugares. A moderna preservação do patrimônio cultural reconhece a necessidade de se preservar, junto com os bens imateriais, essas entidades.

Life extension studies and refurbishing of C and I systems of Cirus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Awale, P.K.; Sumanth, P.; Roy, Kallol; Bharadwaj, G.

2005-01-01

Effects of ageing and component obsolescence of C and I systems of Cirus has been studied, by classifying the C and I systems as (a) those which may affect the operating life of the plant and cannot be repaired/replaced without core-unloading and dismantling the reactor structure. (Group-A), (b) those components which can be repaired/replaced but with considerable difficulty (Group-B) and (c) those which do not affect plant operations and can be easily repaired or replaced (Group-C). Life extension studies included performance assessment, reliability centred evaluation, parametric deviations from base-line characteristics and identification of specific ageing phenomenon and examination of internals. Based on these studies a comprehensive ageing mitigation programme was evolved, necessitating suitable modifications, instrumentation upgradation and component repair/replacement. A major modification job has been to provide an alternate failed fuel detection (FFD) system, since the success rate of the present system, had been decreasing over the years. Further, taking advantage of the available refurbishing outage, a number of instruments and accessories, pertaining to Group-C, were also replaced with state-of-the-art, components. Consideration is also given to requirements of special reactor start-up instrumentation for sensing the initial low neutron count in presence of a high gamma background, during the ensuing reactor start-up with fresh fuel. (author)

Characterization and decant of Tank 42H sludge sample ESP-200

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hay, M.S.

2000-01-01

DWPF Engineering requested that the Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC) provide a demonstration of the DWPF flowsheet on sludge from Tank 42H in the Shielded Cell facility. A 5 liter sample of the Tank 42H sludge (ESP-200), obtained with the tank contents fully mixed, arrived at SRTC on January 20, 1998. This report details receipt of the 5 liter sample at SRTC, the decant of the sample, and the characterization of the pre- and post-decant Tank 42H sludge. Evaluation of the measured composition of the supernate indicates Sample ESP-200 became diluted approximately 20 percent by volume prior to receipt. This dilution complicates the relationship of the characterization of Post-Decant ESP-200 to the current contents of Tank 42H. For the purposes of modeling the current tank contents of Tank 42H, this report provides an estimated composition based on analytical data of recent samples from Tank 42H

Characterization and decant of Tank 42H sludge sample ESP-200

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hay, M.S.

2000-04-25

DWPF Engineering requested that the Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC) provide a demonstration of the DWPF flowsheet on sludge from Tank 42H in the Shielded Cell facility. A 5 liter sample of the Tank 42H sludge (ESP-200), obtained with the tank contents fully mixed, arrived at SRTC on January 20, 1998. This report details receipt of the 5 liter sample at SRTC, the decant of the sample, and the characterization of the pre- and post-decant Tank 42H sludge. Evaluation of the measured composition of the supernate indicates Sample ESP-200 became diluted approximately 20 percent by volume prior to receipt. This dilution complicates the relationship of the characterization of Post-Decant ESP-200 to the current contents of Tank 42H. For the purposes of modeling the current tank contents of Tank 42H, this report provides an estimated composition based on analytical data of recent samples from Tank 42H.

Origins and Consequences of Religious Restrictions: A Global Overview

Science.gov (United States)

Finke, Roger

2014-01-01

Despite the international controversies surrounding religious restrictions and freedoms, the topic has only recently received substantial research attention. Drawing on this new body of research, and multiple research projects in progress, this address explores both the origins and consequences of religious restrictions in the global arena. To understand the motives for restrictions, I propose hypotheses in three areas: the relationship or lack of relationship between institutional religion and the state, the willingness and capacity of the state to ensure freedoms, and the larger social and cultural pressures restricting freedoms, including social and political movements targeting minority religions. Turning to the consequences of religious restrictions, I explore how and why restrictions alter the religious economy (i.e., formation, supply and operation of religions) and are associated with higher levels of religious persecution, religious violence and intrastate conflict in general. Finally, I review additional areas where research is needed. PMID:25364225

Atualização da nomenclatura de espécies do gênero Heliconia (Heliconiaceae.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de Castro

2007-06-01

Full Text Available As helicônias constituem um grupo de plantas cujo cultivo vem se intensificando devido ao crescente mercado. Porém, o uso incorreto da denominação para as espécies que vêm sendo cultivadas tem ocasionado alguns problemas ao produtor, como a decisão sobre adequadas técnicas de cultivo e manejo fitossanitário a serem adotadas, uma vez que o grupo é muito extenso e as exigências de nutrição mineral, espaçamento, condições de cultivo e ocorrência de pragas e doenças variam conforme a espécie considerada. Essa incorreção tem também ocasionado alguns entraves referentes às relações comerciais que envolvem a venda de mudas. Muitas vezes, seguindo nomenclaturas inadequadas ou nomes populares e/ou de variedades, o produtor rural pensa estar adquirindo mudas de determinada espécie, adaptada à sua região de cultivo e recebe um outro produto que poderá não ter uma produção satisfatória, ocorrendo prejuízos. O estudo baseou-se principalmente em informações obtidas em trabalhos originais publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais e livros sobre helicônias publicados entre 1880 e 2002 com descrições de espécies de helicônias. A interpretação dos dados compilados permitiu estipular 176 espécies de helicônias, de ocorrência na região neotropical e seis espécies nas Ilhas do Pacífico, perfazendo 182 espécies. O maior número de espécies e subespécies descritas tem ocorrência natural na Colômbia (94, seguindo em ordem decrescente Equador (60 Panamá (56, Costa Rica (47, Brasil (37, Peru (32, Venezuela (26, Nicarágua (22, Guatemala (16, Bolívia (15, Honduras e México (14 e Suriname (13. Das 182 espécies elencadas, 94 são registradas como endêmicas de determinada região, o que aponta uma grande fragilidade do gênero com relação à conservação de germoplasma. Face ao elevado grau de endemismo recomenda-se urgência no estabelecimento de um programa nacional/internacional que vise à coleta e

Vaccination of pregnant cows with EspA, EspB, γ-intimin, and Shiga toxin 2 proteins from Escherichia coli O157:H7 induces high levels of specific colostral antibodies that are transferred to newborn calves.

Science.gov (United States)

Rabinovitz, B C; Gerhardt, E; Tironi Farinati, C; Abdala, A; Galarza, R; Vilte, D A; Ibarra, C; Cataldi, A; Mercado, E C

2012-06-01

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a major cause of intestinal disease and hemolytic uremic syndrome, a serious systemic complication that particularly affects children. Cattle are primary reservoirs for EHEC O157:H7 and the main source of infection for humans. Vaccination of cattle with different combinations of bacterial virulence factors has shown efficacy in decreasing EHEC O157:H7 shedding. It is, therefore, important to demonstrate whether vaccination of pregnant cows with EHEC O157:H7 induces high titers of transferable antibodies to avoid early colonization of calves by the bacteria. In this study we evaluated the ability of EspA, EspB, the C-terminal fragment of 280 amino acids of γ-intimin (γ-intimin C₂₈₀) and inactivated Shiga toxin (Stx) 2 proteins to induce specific antibodies in colostrum and their passive transference to colostrum-fed calves. Friesian pregnant cows immunized by the intramuscular route mounted significantly high serum and colostrum IgG responses against EspB and γ-intimin C₂₈₀ that were efficiently transferred to their calves. Antibodies to EspB and γ-intimin C₂₈₀ were detected in milk samples of vaccinated cows at d 40 postparturition. Significant Stx2-neutralizing titers were also observed in colostrum from Stx2-vaccinated cows and sera from colostrum-fed calves. The results presented showed that bovine colostrum with increased levels of antibodies against EHEC O157:H7 may be obtained by systemic immunization of pregnant cows, and that these specific antibodies are efficiently transferred to newborn calves by feeding colostrum. Hyperimmune colostrum and milk may be an alternative to protect calves from early colonization by EHEC O157:H7 and a possible key source of antibodies to block colonization and toxic activity of this bacterium. Copyright © 2012 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Using a modification of the Clavien-Dindo system accounting for readmissions and multiple interventions: defining quality for pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Science.gov (United States)

Baker, Marshall S; Sherman, Karen L; Stocker, Susan J; Hayman, Amanda V; Bentrem, David J; Prinz, Richard A; Talamonti, Mark S

2014-09-01

The Clavien-Dindo system (CD) does not change the grade assigned a complication when multiple readmissions or interventions are required to manage a complication. We apply a modification of CD accounting for readmissions and interventions to pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). PDs done between 1999 and 2009 were reviewed. CD grade IIIa complications requiring more than one intervention and II and IIIa complications requiring significantly prolonged lengths of stay including all 90-day readmissions were classified severe-adverse-postoperative-outcomes (SAPO). CD IIIb, IV, and V complications were also classified SAPOs. All other complications were considered minor-adverse-postoperative-outcomes (MAPO). Four-hundred forty three of 490 PD patients (90.4%) had either no complication or a complication of low to moderate CD grade (I, II, IIIa). When reclassified by the new metric, 92 patient-outcomes (19%) were upgraded from CD II or IIIa to SAPO. One-hundred thirty nine patients (28.4%) had a SAPO. Multivariable regression identified age >75 years, pylorus preservation and operative blood loss >1,500 ml as predictors of SAPO. Age was not associated with poor outcome using the unmodified CD system. Established systems may under-grade the severity of some complications following PD. We define a procedure-specific modification of CD accounting for readmissions and multiple interventions. Using this modification, advanced age, pylorus preservation, and significant blood loss are associated with poor outcome. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Modelització de la biodiversitat d'espècies mitjançant la sèrie geomètrica

OpenAIRE

Ventura Ripoll, Oriol

2016-01-01

La sèrie geomètrica és un model molt utilitzat en estudis de diversitat d'espècies. L'objectiu principal d'aquest treball és el d'investigar i comparar diferents estimadors del paràmetre del model geomètric. Primer es fa una introducció de la biodiversitat, i es presenten les gràfiques més utilitzades per representar les dades. S'introdueixen, també, els models més populars en aquest camp. Seguidament, el treball se centra en el model geomètric, i es presenten sis estimadors diferents del par...

On the distinction of the mechanisms of DNA cleavage by restriction enzymes—The I-, II-, and III-type molecular motors

Science.gov (United States)

Pikin, S. A.

2008-09-01

A comparative physical description is given for the functioning of various restriction enzymes and for their processes of DNA cleavage. The previously proposed model system of kinetic equations is applied to the I-and III-type enzymes, which use ATP molecules as an energy source, while the II-type enzymes work thanks to catalytic reactions with participation of an electric field. All the enzymes achieved bending and twisting DNA, providing for either the linear motion of the II-type enzyme along the DNA chain or the DNA translocation by the I-and III-type enzymes due to moving chiral kinks. A comparative estimation of the considered linear and angular velocities is performed. The role of stalling forces for enzyme-DNA complexes, which induce the observed cutting of the DNA either inside the enzyme (II) or in some “weak” places outside enzymes I and III, which results in the supercoiling of the DNA, is shown. The role of ionic screening for the described processes is discussed.

Detergents enhance EspB secretion from Escherichia coli strains harboring the locus for the enterocyte effacement (LEE) gene.

Science.gov (United States)

Nakasone, Noboru; Toma, Claudia; Higa, Naomi; Koizumi, Yukiko; Ogura, Yasunori; Suzuki, Toshihiko

2011-02-01

The effects of detergents (cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, Triton X-100, and Nonidet P-40) on the secretion of EspB from the locus for enterocyte effacement (LEE) gene-positive Escherichia coli strains were examined. Clinical isolates of eight EPEC strains and seven STEC strains were used to detect EspB after they had been cultivated in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth containing one of the detergents. When the bacteria were cultured in LB broth supplemented with one of the detergents, the amount of EspB produced was increased by 2-32-fold depending on the detergent and the strain used. EspB was detected in all strains when they were cultured in LB broth containing all of the detergents. The results obtained in this study can be applied to immunological diagnostic methods for detecting EspB and also to the production of EspB for research purposes. © 2010 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dissolution of heavy metals from electrostatic precipitator (ESP) dust ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SIBOO

Key words: Fungal leaching, sponge iron, electrostatic precipitator (ESP) dust, metal dissolution. INTRODUCTION ... ability of micro organisms to transform solid compounds ..... of metals from spent lithium ion secondary batteries using A.

Formulacity in ESP Teaching: A Case of Doing a Balancing Act Between Form and Meaning

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gutowska Urszula

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Grammar teaching has never belonged to mainstream ESP teaching/ learning practices. However, this apparent lack of concern with grammar in ESP materials runs counter to both subjective and objective needs of ESP learners. The first part of the paper presents students′ views on deficiencies of coursebooks for teaching English for Medical Purposes (EMP as well as author’s reflective thinking on the needs of medical undergraduates of vocational schools in Poland. It is suggested that some of the deficiencies of the materials might be remedied and the students′ needs better taken care of if explicit teaching of formulaic language is introduced into ESP classroom environment. It is hypothesized that explicit teaching of formulaic language may stimulate grammar development in the long term and foster communicative competence of ESP learners in the short term. Therefore, the second part of the paper proposes pedagogically relavant classification of medical formulaic sequences motivated by the lexicogrammatical features of Medical English. The third part of the paper shows in what way the proposed classification of formulaic sequences might help teachers of medical English design tasks that are conducive to the development of formulaic competence of students of English for Medical Purposes.

Evaluation of exercise-respiratory system modifications and integration schemes for physiological systems

Science.gov (United States)

Gallagher, R. R.

1974-01-01

Exercise subroutine modifications are implemented in an exercise-respiratory system model yielding improvement of system response to exercise forcings. A more physiologically desirable respiratory ventilation rate in addition to an improved regulation of arterial gas tensions and cerebral blood flow is observed. A respiratory frequency expression is proposed which would be appropriate as an interfacing element of the respiratory-pulsatile cardiovascular system. Presentation of a circulatory-respiratory system integration scheme along with its computer program listing is given. The integrated system responds to exercise stimulation for both nonstressed and stressed physiological states. Other integration possibilities are discussed with respect to the respiratory, pulsatile cardiovascular, thermoregulatory, and the long-term circulatory systems.

Cuphea melvilla Lindlay (Lythraceae): uma espécie do Cerrado polinizada por beija-flores

OpenAIRE

Melazzo,Ana Flávia de Oliveira; Oliveira,Paulo Eugênio

2012-01-01

Cuphea melvilla é uma espécie peculiar dentro de um gênero majoritariamente melitófilo. Dois agrupamentos de indivíduos, em bordas das matas de galeria do Córrego do Panga, Uberlândia, MG, foram estudados com o objetivo de investigar o sistema de polinização e sistema de reprodução da espécie na região. O estudo foi realizado de janeiro a junho de 1999. Cuphea melvilla é uma espécie arbustiva com características morfológicas e eventos florais que confirmam sua adaptação à polinização por beij...

Cerambycidae (Coleoptera do Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões, Piauí, Brasil: novas espécies e novos registros

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Helena M. Galileo

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Três novas espécies são descritas do Piauí, em Cerambycinae: Compsibidion pictum, sp. nov. (Neoibidionini; em Lamiinae: Adetus differentis sp. nov. (Apomecynini e Mimasyngenes piauiensis sp. nov. (Desmiphorini. De 75 espécies procedentes do Riacho dos Bois (Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões, 50 são novos registros para o Piauí. Três subfamílias são reconhecidas: uma espécie de Prioninae, 46 espécies de Cerambycinae e 28 espécies de Lamiinae.

Epigenetic regulation of caloric restriction in aging

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Michael

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract The molecular mechanisms of aging are the subject of much research and have facilitated potential interventions to delay aging and aging-related degenerative diseases in humans. The aging process is frequently affected by environmental factors, and caloric restriction is by far the most effective and established environmental manipulation for extending lifespan in various animal models. However, the precise mechanisms by which caloric restriction affects lifespan are still not clear. Epigenetic mechanisms have recently been recognized as major contributors to nutrition-related longevity and aging control. Two primary epigenetic codes, DNA methylation and histone modification, are believed to dynamically influence chromatin structure, resulting in expression changes of relevant genes. In this review, we assess the current advances in epigenetic regulation in response to caloric restriction and how this affects cellular senescence, aging and potential extension of a healthy lifespan in humans. Enhanced understanding of the important role of epigenetics in the control of the aging process through caloric restriction may lead to clinical advances in the prevention and therapy of human aging-associated diseases.

Produção de mudas de espécies forrageiras no sistema hidropônico de leito flutuante (floating com solução nutritiva à base de biofertilizante ou adubo solúvel - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v31i4.4290 Production of seedlings of forage species in floating hydroponics system with biofertilizer or soluble fertilizer - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v31i4.7459

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Júlio Graeff Erpen

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho objetivou-se avaliar a sobrevivência das estacas e a produção de matéria seca na fase de cultivo de mudas das espécies forrageiras missioneira gigante (Axonopus catharinensis, amendoim forrageiro (Arachis pintoi e maku (Lotus uliginosus cv. Maku. No sistema hidropônico de leito flutuante com solução nutritiva à base de biofertilizante ou adubo solúvel. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial 3 x 2, sendo três espécies forrageiras e duas soluções nutritivas. As espécies não apresentaram diferença quanto à sobrevivência (p = 0,225, independentemente do tipo de fertilizante (p = 0,92. No entanto, quando se quantificou a produção de MS planta-1 proporcionada por cada uma dessas espécies, o maku (p = 0,001 obteve as maiores quantidades (47,18 g, enquanto o amendoim forrageiro (19,90 g e a missioneira gigante (16,81 g foram semelhantes entre si (p = 0,227, tendo o mesmo ocorrido entre os fertilizantes (p = 0,559. Deste modo, as três espécies possuem condições semelhantes de sobrevivência, independentemente da concentração de nutrientes da solução nutritiva, com o maku proporcionando a maior produção de MS planta-1.Production of seedlings of forage species in floating hydroponics system with biofertilizer or soluble fertilizer. The aim of this work was to evaluate the survival and dry matter production during the seedling culture phase of three forage species: Axonopus catharinensis, forage peanut (Arachis pintoi, and greater lotus (Lotus uliginosus cv. Maku, in a floating hydroponic system using biofertilizer or soluble fertilizer. The experimental design adopted was randomized blocks in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with three forage species and two fertilizers. There was no difference between species with regard to survival (p = 0.225, regardless of the fertilizer used (p = 0.92. However, when dry matter production was considered, Maku (p = 0,001 showed greater

ESP Learners' Needs Related Learning for the Workplace: A Pragmatic Study for Business School

Science.gov (United States)

Liton, Hussain Ahmed

2015-01-01

Typically, an ESP course is designed to develop students' communication skills not solely for the office, but also for useful in a specific workplace. Unfortunately, ESP for Schools of Business at some South-East Asian universities is not being very effective in promoting students' performance in the workplace. Behind this backdrop, this paper…

Introducing Project-Based Instruction in the Saudi ESP Classroom: A Study in Qassim University

Science.gov (United States)

Alsamani, Abdul-Aziz Saleh; Daif-Allah, Ayman Sabry

2016-01-01

The aim of this paper is to study the impact of introducing an integrative pedagogical approach in the ESP classes on developing the English language vocabulary of Computer Science and Information Technology students in the College of Science, Qassim University. The study suggests a framework for an ESP course-design employing students' project…

Improvement of fetus growth restriction diagnostics in pregnant women by means of biochemical markers that characterize the disorder of stress-adaptation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

N. G. Kolokot

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Object of the work. Regulatory and adaptive processes of the system “mother –placenta – fetus” state determination and detection of pregnant women adaptive capabilities specific features in case of fetus growth restriction based on a number of the blood plasma biochemical indicators. Materials and methods. Markers of oxidative stress were detected spectrophotometrically in the blood plasma according to generally accepted methods: oxidative modification of proteins, stable metabolites of nitrogen oxide, L-arginine, malondialdehyde, thiol compounds and reduced glutathione. Statistical processing of data was made by methods of variational statistics with Microsoft Office Excel 2010, Statistica 6.0. Results. The use applicability of the number of biochemical markers which are predictors of perinatal complications has been scientifically substantiated. Using biochemical diagnostic technique it has been shown that fetus growth restriction syndrome is accompanied by disorders of regulatory and adaptive processes of the system “mother –placenta – fetus”. In particular, the level of proteins and lipids oxidative modification increases, nitric oxide synthase activity decreases and reserves of L-arginine and thiol compounds decrease in the blood plasma. Conclusions. Comparative analysis of a number of biochemical markers determination results of stress-realizing system activity in pregnant women with fetus growth restriction and in women with a physiological pregnancy has revealed a significant (P ≤ 0.05 increase in markers of protein oxidative modification blood levels (the level of dinitrophenylhydrazones of aliphatic aldehyd of basic amino acid residues and dinitrophenylhydrazones of carbonyl compounds of basic amino acid residues in the spontaneous sample increased by 14.2 % and 16.3 %, respectively, and in the stimulated sample by 46.6 % and 43.0 %, the level of malondialdehyde increased by 42.9 %. Reduction of the stress

Identification of MHC class II restricted T‐cell‐mediated reactivity against MHC class I binding Mycobacterium tuberculosis peptides

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wang, Mingjun; Tang, Sheila Tuyet; Stryhn, Anette

2011-01-01

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are known to play an important role in the control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection so identification of CTL epitopes from M. tuberculosis is of importance for the development of effective peptide...

Genre-based Pedagogy: A case of an Iranian ESP Business Management course

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hadis Toufani Asl

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Genre-based instruction has been latterly a very common method used in language courses. In spite of the various research conducted on academic genres, there are still very few studies which examine the learners’ perceptions of genre-based pedagogy, particularly in courses like English for Specific Purposes (ESP. Therefore, the present study aimed at considering the Sophomore Business Management learners’ perspective on genre instruction in their ESP course, at the University of Tehran. The focuses of the present study were the focal genres of textbook and teaching method in terms of the content feature. The data was collected by means of both quantitative and qualitative instruments which were subject to both statistical analysis and constant comparative method of qualitative analysis. Results of the study revealed that the practice of genres were relevant to some of the learners’ subsequent academic and non-academic performance. Furthermore, the results regarding the questionnaire section indicated that a number of learners could apply the genre features and they were conscious of them. By and large, it was concluded that the explicit instruction together with the provision of more English-mediated content courses, for practices outside of the classroom, can have a higher impact on ESP programs. Keywords: ESP, genre-based pedagogy, content, textbook, teaching method, activities, learners’ perception

Aircraft Modifications: Assessing the Current State of Air Force Aircraft Modifications and the Implications for Future Military Capability

Science.gov (United States)

2007-01-25

J IVF MNA M J J DA S 0 TM C J JV A i KIT DELIVERYO TYS h. KIT INSTALL OTYS-DEPOT JI I- - - 1. KIT INSTALL OTYS-TEAM 24. INFLATED COST SUMMgARIES BY...as a part of a study examining the costing of modifying Air Force weapon systems. Over the same time that the concept for this dissertation was...planning and modernization. The project documented here was conducted within the Costing of Modifications and Upgrades program of RAND’s Project AIR

Stability analysis of nonlinear systems with slope restricted nonlinearities.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Xian; Du, Jiajia; Gao, Qing

2014-01-01

The problem of absolute stability of Lur'e systems with sector and slope restricted nonlinearities is revisited. Novel time-domain and frequency-domain criteria are established by using the Lyapunov method and the well-known Kalman-Yakubovich-Popov (KYP) lemma. The criteria strengthen some existing results. Simulations are given to illustrate the efficiency of the results.

Stability Analysis of Nonlinear Systems with Slope Restricted Nonlinearities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xian Liu

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The problem of absolute stability of Lur’e systems with sector and slope restricted nonlinearities is revisited. Novel time-domain and frequency-domain criteria are established by using the Lyapunov method and the well-known Kalman-Yakubovich-Popov (KYP lemma. The criteria strengthen some existing results. Simulations are given to illustrate the efficiency of the results.

Espécies de Botryosphaeria em Quercus spp. e outros hospedeiros lenhosos: taxonomia e filogenia

OpenAIRE

Alves, Artur Jorge da Costa Peixoto

2006-01-01

O género Botryosphaeria é bem conhecido devido ás espécies que causam doenças numa grande diversidade de plantas. A taxonomia deste género e seus géneros anamórficos, assim como das espécies tem sido algo confusa. Neste trabalho foram caracterizadas espécies de Botryosphaeria associadas a Quercus spp. e outros hospedeiros lenhosos, com base em características morfológicas e sequências nucleotídicas de um ou vários genes. A utilização desta abordagem permitiu a clarificação d...

Estimating Supplies Program (ESP), Version 1.00, User's Guide

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Tropeano, Anne

2000-01-01

The Estimating Supplies Program (ESP) is an easy to use Windows(TM)-based software program for military medical providers, planners, and trainers that calculates the amount of supplies and equipment required to treat a patient stream...

RAPHAEL SAMÚ: Experiências do muralismo no Espírito Santo

OpenAIRE

GONCALVES, M. B.

2014-01-01

A proposta deste estudo é investigar o processo de criação do artista plástico brasileiro Raphael Samú, tendo como recorte sua obra em mosaico mural, mais especificamente o mural presente na entrada da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo UFES, em Vitória - Espírito Santo. Para tal, investigaremos através dos pressupostos da Crítica Genética e da Crítica Inferencial quais foram os caminhos tomados pelo artista durante a confecção de tal obra, apontando assim a intencionalidade do projet...

Comparative assessment of instrumentation and control (I and C) system architectures for research reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khalil, Rah Man; Heo, Gyun Young; Son, Han Seong; Kim, Young Ki; Park, Jae Kwan

2012-01-01

Application of digital I and C has increased in nuclear industry since last two decades but lack of experience, innovative and naive nature of technology and insufficient failure information raised questions on its use. The issues has been highlighted due to the use of digital I and C which were not relevant to analog. These are the potential weakness of digital systems for Common Cause Failure, threat to system security and reliability due to inter channel communication, need for highly integrated control room and difficulty to assess the digital I and C reliability. In the existing scenario, HANARO and JRTR have hybrid I and C systems (digital plus analog) whereas OPAL is fully digitalized. In order to authenticate the choice of fully digital I and C architecture for research reactor, it is required to perform assessment from risk point of view, cyber security as well other issues. The architecture assessment method and restrictions are discussed in the next part of article

Comparative assessment of instrumentation and control (I and C) system architectures for research reactors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Khalil, Rah Man; Heo, Gyun Young [Kyung Hee Univ., Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Son, Han Seong [Joongbu Univ., Chungnam (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Young Ki; Park, Jae Kwan [KAERI, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2012-10-15

Application of digital I and C has increased in nuclear industry since last two decades but lack of experience, innovative and naive nature of technology and insufficient failure information raised questions on its use. The issues has been highlighted due to the use of digital I and C which were not relevant to analog. These are the potential weakness of digital systems for Common Cause Failure, threat to system security and reliability due to inter channel communication, need for highly integrated control room and difficulty to assess the digital I and C reliability. In the existing scenario, HANARO and JRTR have hybrid I and C systems (digital plus analog) whereas OPAL is fully digitalized. In order to authenticate the choice of fully digital I and C architecture for research reactor, it is required to perform assessment from risk point of view, cyber security as well other issues. The architecture assessment method and restrictions are discussed in the next part of article.

Model for how type I restriction enzymes select cleavage sites in DNA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Studier, F.W.; Bandyopadhyay, P.K.

1988-01-01

Under appropriate conditions, digestion of phage T7 DNA by the type I restriction enzyme EcoK produces an orderly progression of discrete DNA fragments. All details of the fragmentation pattern can be explained on the basis of the known properties of type I enzymes, together with two further assumptions: (i) in the ATP-stimulated translocation reaction, the enzyme bound at the recognition sequence translocates DNA toward itself from both directions simultaneously; and (ii) when translocation causes neighboring enzymes to meet, they cut the DNA between them. The kinetics of digestion at 37 degree C indicates that the rate of translocation of DNA from each side of a bound enzyme is about 200 base pairs per second, and the cuts are completed within 15-25 sec of the time neighboring enzymes meet. The resulting DNA fragments each contain a single recognition site with an enzyme (or subunit) remaining bound to it. At high enzyme concentrations, such fragments can bu further degraded, apparently by cooperation between the specifically bound and excess enzymes. This model is consistent with a substantial body of previous work on the nuclease activity of EcoB and EcoK, and it explains in a simple way how cleavage sites are selected

NcoI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF alpha) region in primary biliary cirrhosis and in healthy Danes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fugger, L; Morling, N; Ryder, L P

1989-01-01

The restriction fragment length polymorphism of the human tumour necrosis factor (TNF alpha) region was investigated by means of 20 different restriction enzymes and a human TNF alpha cDNA probe. Only one of the enzymes, NcoI, revealed a polymorphic pattern consisting of fragments of 10.5 and 5.5...

Investigating the Relationship between Learning Styles and ESP Reading Strategies in Academic Setting

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Parviz Ajideh

2018-05-01

Full Text Available The present study investigated the relationship between Art and Science students’ learning styles and their ESP reading strategies in academic settings. Learning styles are defined as general orientations learners take toward their learning experiences. This notion has recently obtained attention in the area of language learning. Strategies are also defined as specific behaviours or techniques learners employ towards leaning in order to achieve their learning goals. The strategies chosen are often linked to the individual's learning style. The purpose of this study was to identify Art and Science students’ major learning style preferences and their strategies they employ to tackle their reading materials in ESP courses at Tabriz Islamic Art University. To this end, 313 Art and Science students at Tabriz Islamic Art University answered two self-report questionnaires (PLSPQ and SORS to identify their major and minor learning styles as well as their reading strategies in ESP reading. In order to find any relationship between the students’ preferred learning style (s and their reading strategies in ESP, Pearson Product Moment Coefficient r was used to analyze the participants’ answers to the questionnaires. The results showed that Art students favored Kinesthetic, Auditory, Visual and Tactile learning styles as their major learning styles while Science students showed preference to only Kinesthetic Learning style as their major learning style and other learning styles as their minor ones. It was also found that the most dominant reading strategies both Art and Science students apply in reading their ESP texts was cognitive strategies. Correlational analyses of their major learning styles and their reading strategies are discussed.

Measuring the Restrictiveness of Living Environments for Children and Youth: Reconceptualizing Restriction

Science.gov (United States)

Rauktis, Mary E.; Huefner, Jonathan C.; O'Brien, Kirk; Pecora, Peter J.; Doucette, Ann; Thompson, Ronald W.

2009-01-01

The "Restrictiveness of Living Environment Scale" has long been the primary way to conceptualize the "restrictiveness" of a child's living situation. However, changes in systems of care and other factors have created a need to revisit how restrictiveness is conceptualized and measured. A measure was created to assess an environment's level of…

Efectivitat de la fisioteràpia en la paràlisi cerebral infantil espàstica.

OpenAIRE

Tella Aldomà, Àurea

2015-01-01

Pregunta de revisió: Quina intervenció terapèutica de fisioteràpia: vibroteràpia, hidroteràpia, hipoteràpia, estiraments, Bobath o electroteràpia, és més efectiva en pacients amb Paràlisi Cerebral Infantil (PCI) espàstica? Objectiu: Revisar i comparar l’efectivitat dels diferents tractaments de fisioteràpia actuals per tractar la espasticitat en nens amb PCI. Metodologia: S’han utilitzat bases de dades com Scopus, Pubmed, PEDro, Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Thera...

Cofactor requirement of HpyAV restriction endonuclease.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Siu-Hong Chan

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori is the etiologic agent of common gastritis and a risk factor for gastric cancer. It is also one of the richest sources of Type II restriction-modification (R-M systems in microorganisms. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have cloned, expressed and purified a new restriction endonuclease HpyAV from H. pylori strain 26695. We determined the HpyAV DNA recognition sequence and cleavage site as CCTTC 6/5. In addition, we found that HpyAV has a unique metal ion requirement: its cleavage activity is higher with transition metal ions than in Mg(++. The special metal ion requirement of HpyAV can be attributed to the presence of a HNH catalytic site similar to ColE9 nuclease instead of the canonical PD-X-D/EXK catalytic site found in many other REases. Site-directed mutagenesis was carried out to verify the catalytic residues of HpyAV. Mutation of the conserved metal-binding Asn311 and His320 to alanine eliminated cleavage activity. HpyAV variant H295A displayed approximately 1% of wt activity. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Some HNH-type endonucleases have unique metal ion cofactor requirement for optimal activities. Homology modeling and site-directed mutagenesis confirmed that HpyAV is a member of the HNH nuclease family. The identification of catalytic residues in HpyAV paved the way for further engineering of the metal binding site. A survey of sequenced microbial genomes uncovered 10 putative R-M systems that show high sequence similarity to the HpyAV system, suggesting lateral transfer of a prototypic HpyAV-like R-M system among these microorganisms.

Content modification attacks on consensus seeking multi-agent system with double-integrator dynamics

Science.gov (United States)

Dong, Yimeng; Gupta, Nirupam; Chopra, Nikhil

2016-11-01

In this paper, vulnerability of a distributed consensus seeking multi-agent system (MAS) with double-integrator dynamics against edge-bound content modification cyber attacks is studied. In particular, we define a specific edge-bound content modification cyber attack called malignant content modification attack (MCoMA), which results in unbounded growth of an appropriately defined group disagreement vector. Properties of MCoMA are utilized to design detection and mitigation algorithms so as to impart resilience in the considered MAS against MCoMA. Additionally, the proposed detection mechanism is extended to detect the general edge-bound content modification attacks (not just MCoMA). Finally, the efficacies of the proposed results are illustrated through numerical simulations.

Pictures Speak Louder than Words in ESP, Too!

Science.gov (United States)

Erfani, Seyyed Mahdi

2012-01-01

While integrating visual features can be among the most important characteristics of English language textbooks, reviewing the current locally-produced English for Specific Purposes (ESP) ones reveals that they lack such a feature. Enjoying a rich theoretical background including Paivio's dual coding theory as well as Sert's educational semiotics,…

Systems dynamics modelling to assess the sustainability of renewable energy technologies in developing countries

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Brent, AC

2011-04-01

Full Text Available review of methods and tools applied in technology assessment. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 75, pp. 1396-1405, 2008. [13] Sterman, J.D., Business dynamics: systems thinking and modelling for a complex world. McGraw-Hill/Irwin, New York...

On the genetic modification of psychology, personality, and behavior.

Science.gov (United States)

Neitzke, Alex B

2012-12-01

I argue that the use of heritable modifications for psychology, personality, and behavior should be limited to the reversal or prevention of relatively unambiguous instances of pathology or likely harm (e.g. sociopathy). Most of the likely modifications of psychological personality would not be of this nature, however, and parents therefore should not have the freedom to make such modifications to future children. I argue by examining the viewpoints of both the individual and society. For individuals, modifications would interfere with their capacity for self-determination in a way that undermines the very concept of self-determination. I argue that modification of psychology and personality is unlike present parenting in morally significant ways. For society, modification offers a medium for power to manipulate the makeup of persons and populations, possibly causing biological harm to the species and altering our conceptions of social responsibility.

A Kantian argument against comparatively advantageous genetic modification.

Science.gov (United States)

Jensen, David

2011-08-01

The genetic modification of children is becoming a more likely possibility given our rapid progress in medical technologies. I argue, from a broadly Kantian point of view, that at least one kind of such modification-modification by a parent for the sake of a child's comparative advantage-is not rationally justified. To argue this, I first characterize a necessary condition on reasons and rational justification: what is a reason for an agent to do an action in one set of circumstances must be a reason for any in those circumstances to do the action. I then show that comparatively advantageous genetic modification violates this principle since a child's "getting ahead" through genetic modification cannot be rationally justified unless other children also could receive the modification, thus rendering the advantage useless. Finally, I consider the major objection to this it seems to disallow all cases of a parent's helping a child get ahead, something that parents normally engage in with their children. I argue that typical practices of developing a comparative advantage in a child, as well as practices of societal competition in general, do not conflict because they involve circumstances that mitigate the universal character of reasons. Many ordinary cases of competitive advantage that we think of as unjust, in fact, can be explained by my argument.

Coal handling system structural analysis for modifications or plant life extension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dufault, A.; Weider, F.; Doyle, P.

1989-01-01

One neglected aspect of plant modification or life extension is the extent to which previous projects may have affected the integrity of existing structures. During the course of a project to backfit fire protection facilities to existing coal handling systems, it was found that past modifications had added loads to existing coal handling structures which exceeded the available design margin. This paper describes the studies that discovered the original problem areas, as well as the detailed analysis and design considerations used to repair these structures

Stable and metastable equilibria in PbSe + SnI2=SnSe + PbI2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Odin, I.N.; Grin'ko, V.V.; Kozlovskij, V.F.; Demidova, E.D.

2003-01-01

T-x-y phase diagrams of the PbSe + SnI 2 =SnSe + PbI 2 mutual system (stable states) are plotted for the first time. It is shown that melt, solid solutions on the base of components of the mutual system and phase on the base of Sn 2 SeI 4 take part in phase equilibria. Transformations in the PbSe + SnI 2 =SnSe + PbI 2 mutual system leading to crystallization of metastable polytype modifications of lead iodides and metastable ternary compound forming in PbSe-PbI 2 system are investigated for the first time [ru

Estabelecimento de Espécies Florestais Nativas Via Semeadura Direta no Rio Piauitinga - Sergipe

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Janisson Batista de Jesus

2017-04-01

Full Text Available RESUMO A técnica de semeadura direta vem se destacando nos projetos de recuperação florestal pela redução de custos na implantação e tem sido cada vez mais utilizada. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a emergência, sobrevivência e estabelecimento de espécies florestais nativas, por meio de sementes em áreas de mata ciliar no Rio Piauitinga, município de Lagarto, SE. As espécies utilizadas foram Libidibia ferrea var. leiostachya (Benth. L. P. Queiroz, Cassia grandis L. f., Cecropia pachystachya Trec., Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell. Morong e Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. O experimento em campo foi implantado em Delineamento em Blocos Casualizados (DBC com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial, testando-se as cinco espécies com e sem tratamento para superação de dormência. A semeadura direta mostrou-se uma técnica viável para a área de estudo apenas para as espécies L. ferrea var. leiostachya, E. contortisiliquum e Cassia grandis, utilizando-se sementes com e sem dormência.

Nuclear Regulatory Commission Issuances. Opinions and decisions of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission with selected orders: July 1, 1992--December 31, 1992, Volume 36, Pages 1--396

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1992-12-31

This is the thirty-sixth volume of issuances (1-396) of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and its Atomic Safety and Licensing Boards, Administrative Law Judges, and Office Directors. It covers the period from July 1, 1992-December 31, 1992. Atomic Safety and Licensing Boards are authorized by Section 191 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954. These Boards, comprised of three members conduct adjudicatory hearings on applications to construct and operate nuclear power plants and related facilities and issue initial decisions which, subject to internal review and appellate procedures, become the final Commission action with respect to those applications. Boards are drawn from the Atomic Safety and Licensing Board Panel, comprised of lawyers, nuclear physicists and engineers, environmentalists, chemists, and economists. The Atomic Energy Commission first established Licensing Boards in 1962 and the Panel in 1967.

Caracteres agronómicos en el cultivo de espárrago de diferentes edades y manejos Agronomic characters in asparagus of different ages and crop systems

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Pablo Diego Asprelli

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la edad de la planta y la respuesta a los manejos en 11 híbridos de espárrago (Asparagus officinalis L.. Se utilizó un diseño en bloques completos aleatorios con tres repeticiones de 20 plantas por parcela, con tres y cuatro años de edad, según dos sistemas de manejo: con surcos alomados para la producción de espárrago blanco y surcos sin alomar para espárrago verde. Con el manejo para espárrago blanco se obtuvieron mayores valores promedio para días a brotación, rendimiento de mercado, rendimiento total, número de turiones y peso promedio del turión. Sin embargo, la tasa de incremento del primer al segundo año de cosecha para rendimiento de mercado y rendimiento total resultó superior en el manejo verde debido a una tasa de incremento superior para número de turiones. Para días a brotación y peso promedio del turión, la respuesta debida al efecto del manejo y de la edad del cultivo fue similar, mientras que días al 50% de parcela brotada se vio afectada principalmente por la edad de la planta.Age and crop system effects on agronomic response were evaluated in 11 hybrids of Asparagus officinalis L. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with three replicates of 20 plants of 3 or 4 years old, conducted either in mounded soil over plants for blanched asparagus, or in raised beds without ridging for green asparagus. The highest mean values were obtained under the blanched production for days to harvest, market yield, total yield, spears number and the spear mean weight. However, under the green production, the rate of increment from first to second year was superior for market yield and total yield due to an augmented rate of increment of spears number. Type and year of production effects were similar for days to first harvest and spears mean weight, meanwhile days to 50% of sprout plot was affected mainly by the year of production.

Conséquences industrielles et écologiques de l'introduction de nouvelles espèces dans les hydrosystèmes continentaux : la moule zébrée et autres espèces invasives

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KHALANSKI M.

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Les eaux de surface sont prélevées pour divers usages industriels, parmi lesquels la production d'énergie électrique représente une large part. Dans les circuits d'eau brute se fixent de nombreuses espèces d'organismes aquatiques, qui perturbent le fonctionnement des installations et sont susceptibles d'entraîner l'indisponibilité de certaines d'entre elles. Dans certains cas, l'irruption de nouvelles espèces pose un problème grave à l'industrie. L'introduction de deux espèces de moules zébrées (genre Dreissena dans les Grands Lacs américains, puis leur extension progressive vers le sud des États-Unis au cours des dernières années, se chiffre par un dommage pour l'industrie estimé à cinq milliards de dollars par an en 2000. L'impact écologique de la moule zébrée en Amérique du Nord a fait l'objet de nombreux travaux ; dans la phase d'extension rapide de l'espèce, il semble significatif. En Europe, la moule zébrée constitue aussi une menace pour les circuits industriels ; c'est pourquoi cette espèce a fait l'objet de nombreuses études, notamment en France sur la Seine, le Rhône et la Moselle. Deux nouvelles espèces invasives sont récemment apparues dans les cours d'eau européens : il s'agit du clam asiatique Corbicula fluminea et d'un amphipode : Corophium curvispinum. Elles s'ajoutent à la liste faunistique des organismes observés dans les circuits de centrales thermiques installées sur les cours d'eau français : spongiaires, hydraires, bryozoaires, mollusques. Pour assurer la disponibilité des circuits, il faut pouvoir contrôler le développement de ces espèces ; ce qui implique une connaissance approfondie de leur biologie et de leur écologie. Les méthodes de lutte actuellement mises en oeuvre au plan industriel, ou qui sont à l'étude, sont brièvement passées en revue.

The genetic basis of constitutive and herbivore-induced ESP-independent nitrile formation in Arabidopsis.

Science.gov (United States)

Burow, Meike; Losansky, Anja; Müller, René; Plock, Antje; Kliebenstein, Daniel J; Wittstock, Ute

2009-01-01

Glucosinolates are a group of thioglucosides that are components of an activated chemical defense found in the Brassicales. Plant tissue damage results in hydrolysis of glucosinolates by endogenous thioglucosidases known as myrosinases. Spontaneous rearrangement of the aglucone yields reactive isothiocyanates that are toxic to many organisms. In the presence of specifier proteins, alternative products, namely epithionitriles, simple nitriles, and thiocyanates with different biological activities, are formed at the expense of isothiocyanates. Recently, simple nitriles were recognized to serve distinct functions in plant-insect interactions. Here, we show that simple nitrile formation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ecotype Columbia-0 rosette leaves increases in response to herbivory and that this increase is independent of the known epithiospecifier protein (ESP). We combined phylogenetic analysis, a screen of Arabidopsis mutants, recombinant protein characterization, and expression quantitative trait locus mapping to identify a gene encoding a nitrile-specifier protein (NSP) responsible for constitutive and herbivore-induced simple nitrile formation in Columbia-0 rosette leaves. AtNSP1 is one of five Arabidopsis ESP homologues that promote simple nitrile, but not epithionitrile or thiocyanate, formation. Four of these homologues possess one or two lectin-like jacalin domains, which share a common ancestry with the jacalin domains of the putative Arabidopsis myrosinase-binding proteins MBP1 and MBP2. A sixth ESP homologue lacked specifier activity and likely represents the ancestor of the gene family with a different biochemical function. By illuminating the genetic and biochemical bases of simple nitrile formation, our study provides new insights into the evolution of metabolic diversity in a complex plant defense system.

Scalable I/O Systems via Node-Local Storage: Approaching 1 TB/sec File I/O

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bronevetsky, G; Moody, A

2009-08-18

In the race to PetaFLOP-speed supercomputing systems, the increase in computational capability has been accompanied by corresponding increases in CPU count, total RAM, and storage capacity. However, a proportional increase in storage bandwidth has lagged behind. In order to improve system reliability and to reduce maintenance effort for modern large-scale systems, system designers have opted to remove node-local storage from the compute nodes. Today's multi-TeraFLOP supercomputers are typically attached to parallel file systems that provide only tens of GBs/s of I/O bandwidth. As a result, such machines have access to much less than 1GB/s of I/O bandwidth per TeraFLOP of compute power, which is below the generally accepted limit required for a well-balanced system. In a many ways, the current I/O bottleneck limits the capabilities of modern supercomputers, specifically in terms of limiting their working sets and restricting fault tolerance techniques, which become critical on systems consisting of tens of thousands of components. This paper resolves the dilemma between high performance and high reliability by presenting an alternative system design which makes use of node-local storage to improve aggregate system I/O bandwidth. In this work, we focus on the checkpointing use-case and present an experimental evaluation of the Scalable Checkpoint/Restart (SCR) library, a new adaptive checkpointing library that uses node-local storage to significantly improve the checkpointing performance of large-scale supercomputers. Experiments show that SCR achieves unprecedented write speeds, reaching a measured 700GB/s of aggregate bandwidth on 8,752 processors and an estimated 1TB/s for a similarly structured machine of 12,500 processors. This corresponds to a speedup of over 70x compared to the bandwidth provided by the 10GB/s parallel file system the cluster uses. Further, SCR can adapt to an environment in which there is wide variation in performance or capacity among

Cleavage of phosphorothioated DNA and methylated DNA by the type IV restriction endonuclease ScoMcrA.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guang Liu

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Many taxonomically diverse prokaryotes enzymatically modify their DNA by replacing a non-bridging oxygen with a sulfur atom at specific sequences. The biological implications of this DNA S-modification (phosphorothioation were unknown. We observed that simultaneous expression of the dndA-E gene cluster from Streptomyces lividans 66, which is responsible for the DNA S-modification, and the putative Streptomyces coelicolor A(32 Type IV methyl-dependent restriction endonuclease ScoA3McrA (Sco4631 leads to cell death in the same host. A His-tagged derivative of ScoA3McrA cleaved S-modified DNA and also Dcm-methylated DNA in vitro near the respective modification sites. Double-strand cleavage occurred 16-28 nucleotides away from the phosphorothioate links. DNase I footprinting demonstrated binding of ScoA3McrA to the Dcm methylation site, but no clear binding could be detected at the S-modified site under cleavage conditions. This is the first report of in vitro endonuclease activity of a McrA homologue and also the first demonstration of an enzyme that specifically cleaves S-modified DNA.

50 CFR 697.23 - Restricted gear areas.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Restricted gear areas. 697.23 Section 697... Measures § 697.23 Restricted gear areas. (a) Resolution of lobster gear conflicts with fisheries managed...) Restricted Gear Area I—(1) Duration—(i) Mobile Gear. From October 1 through June 15 of each fishing year, no...

A combined modification of Newton`s method for systems of nonlinear equations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Monteiro, M.T.; Fernandes, E.M.G.P. [Universidade do Minho, Braga (Portugal)

1996-12-31

To improve the performance of Newton`s method for the solution of systems of nonlinear equations a modification to the Newton iteration is implemented. The modified step is taken as a linear combination of Newton step and steepest descent directions. In the paper we describe how the coefficients of the combination can be generated to make effective use of the two component steps. Numerical results that show the usefulness of the combined modification are presented.

The Impact of Mobile Learning on ESP Learners' Performance

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Fahad Alkhezzi

2016-07-01

Full Text Available This study explores the impact of using mobile phone applications, namely Telegram Messenger, on teaching and learning English in an ESP context. The main objective is to test whether using mobile phone applications have an impact on ESP learners’ performance by mainly investigating the influence such teaching technique can have on learning vocabulary, and how this can affect the learner's’ ability to use grammar correctly and whether their writing skill is improved. The results showed that using mobile phone applications to teach a foreign language skill or subskill is fruitful and does impact learners’ comprehension of vocabulary and grammatical rules. The results specifically indicate that mobile phones can be used in many different ways to teach and learn technical and semi-technical vocabulary easily outside the classroom, however, to teach grammatical rules and writing it is recommended that certain strategies be used due to certain limitations.

Perceived Views of Language Teachers on the Use of Needs Analysis in ESP Materials Writing

Science.gov (United States)

Ali, Holi Ibrahim Holi; Salih, Abdel Rahman Abdalla

2013-01-01

Needs analysis is generally believed to be important in ESP/EAP context because it enables practitioners and materials writers to find out about their real learners' needs. Therefore, this study is set out to investigate EFL teachers' beliefs and views about need analysis use and practices, specifically in the ESP/EAP tertiary context of the…

Estudos ecotoxicológicos com as espécies Argyrodiaptomus furcatus e Notodiaptomus iheringi (Copepoda, Calanoida)

OpenAIRE

Denise Tieme Okumura

2011-01-01

Os Copepoda constituem a maior classe de pequenos crustáceos, com mais de 8.500 espécies descritas. Dentre as cinco ordens de Copepoda de vida livre, as espécies pertencentes à ordem Calanoida apresentam um forte endemismo, com uma restrita distribuição geográfica. Além disso, os Copepoda Calanoida são particularmente sensíveis a contaminantes contidos na coluna de água devido ao seu hábito planctônico. No presente trabalho foram realizados estudos ecotoxicológicos com duas espécies de Copepo...

Cytotaxonomy of North African species of <i>Delphinium> L. sect. <i>Delphinium> (<i>Ranunculaceae>

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Blanché, César

1990-05-01

Full Text Available Both chromosome numbers and karyotype structure from 15 wild North-African populations of <i>Delphinium> L. sect. <i>Delphinium> were studied. <i>Delphinium balansaei> Boiss. & Reuter, with a more symmetrical karyotype, appears as a possible perennial ancestor of' the remaining annuals with highly asymmetrical and shorter karyotype. A taxonomical reorganization of this section is proposed: two new series (ser. <i>Macropetala> ser. nova and ser. <i>Balansae> ser. nova. and two new nomenclatural combinations (<i>D. nanumi> subsp. <i>alboliliaceum> and <i>D. nanumi> subsp. <i>elongatum> are proposed.

S'han estudiat els nombres cromosòmics i l'estructura deis cariotipus de 15 poblacions nordafricanes de <i>Delphinium> L. sect. <i>Delphinium. Delphinium balansaei> Boiss. & Reuter, amb cariotipus mes simètric, apareix com a possible ancestre perenne de la resta d’espècies anuals amb cariotipus més asimètric i més curt. Es proposa una reorganització taxonòmica de la secció, d'on es descriu en dues series noves (ser. <i>Macropetala> ser. nova i ser. <i>Balansae> ser. nova. i es proposen dues combinacions noves (<i>D. nanumi> subsp. <i>alboliliaceum> and <i>D. nanumi> subsp. <i>elongatum>.

Conservation of mayflies (Insecta, Ephemeroptera in Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil

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Fabiana Criste Massariol

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Conservation of mayflies (Insecta, Ephemeroptera in Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. Ephemeroptera exhibits great diversity among bodies of freshwater in the Atlantic Forest, a biome that is suffering from massive human impact. Within this context, the creation of conservation units using biological information is more recommended than economic, cultural, or political criteria. The distribution pattern of 76 Ephemeroptera species was analyzed using the biogeographical methods Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity and Network Analysis Method in order to infer relevant areas for conservation of the mayfly community in Espírito Santo. The results obtained from both analyses were largely congruent, and pointed out four relevant areas for conservation: two in the south of the state, where conservation units or priority areas for conservation are well established; and two in the north, a region in the state where little conservation efforts have been historically done. Therefore, based on our analyses on mayflies, we recommend the expansion of the existing APCs or the creation of new APCs on the north of Espírito Santo.

Crenicichla tigrina, Une nouvelle espèce de cichlidae (Pisces, Perciformes) du Rio Trombetas, Pará, Brésil

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ploeg, Alex; Jégu, Michael; Ferreira, Efrem

1991-01-01

Une nouvelle espèce de Cichlidae, Crenicichla tigrina, est décrite et illustrée. La coloration sur le vivant et quelques remarques relatives à l’Pecologie de cette espèce sont présentée. Les relations de C. tigrina avec les autres espèces de Crenicichla à petites écailles et le mode de distribution

FPGA-based I and C Systems: A Technological Trick or a way to improve NPPs Safety and Security?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sklyar, Vladimir; Andrashov, Anton; Kharchenko, Vyacheslav; Sklyar, Vladimir; Bakhmach, Ievgenii [RPC RADIY, Kirovograd (Ukraine)

2012-03-15

The objective of this paper is to discuss advantages and values which Field Programmable Gates Array (FPGA) based solutions can add to Instrumentation and Control (I and C) design of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). Application of FPGAs as programmable components instead of Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) is an advanced solution which provides decreasing of software impact on potential common cause failures (CCF). There are the following such advantages: Implementation of safety functions without the use of any operation software and operating system, Flexibility of the I and C platform which can be configured for any type of functions and reactor designs, Reduction in the time necessary for software verification in the design phase, Easy modification of control logic without any need for hardware modification, Possibility of implementing all safety requirements in safety and safety-related I and C systems, Tolerance to internal failures and external environmental impacts, Resilience to obsolescence due to the portability of the Hardware Description Language (HDL) code between various FPGA-chips produced by different manufacturers, Reduction in Corby vulnerability.

ESP Learners’ Needs Related Learning for the Workplace: A Pragmatic Study for Business School

OpenAIRE

Hussain Ahmed Liton

2015-01-01

Typically, an ESP course is designed to develop students’ communication skills not solely for the office, but also for useful in a specific workplace. Unfortunately, ESP for Schools of Business at some South-East Asian universities is not being very effective in promoting students’ performance in the workplace. Behind this backdrop, this paper explores learners’ pragmatic workplace learning practices that impact on their profession and have immediate applicability to their prof...

Espécies de pescado subexplotadas e seu potencial para elaboração de subprodutos com valor agregado

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Danielle Regis Pires

2014-05-01

Full Text Available O pescado é um alimento conhecido por seu elevado valor nutricional, sendo uma das principais fontes de proteína de origem animal utilizadas na alimentação humana. A produção de pescado proveniente da pesca extrativa encontra-se estagnada há décadas em níveis mundial e nacional. Da mesma forma, as espécies mais visadas economicamente tanto no mercado externo como no interno encontram-se em sobrepesca. Por outro lado, tem ocorrido aumento no descarte das espécies oriundas da fauna acompanhante da captura do camarão, classificadas como subutilizadas de baixo e/ou sem valor econômico. Muitas destas espécies poderiam ser desembarcadas e utilizadas para a produção de subprodutos de alto valor agregado para o consumo humano. O aproveitamento destas espécies oriundas da fauna acompanhante do camarão e das espécies de menor valor comercial em nosso país, como as do peixe bagre (uma das onze espécies mais capturadas no país, que apresentam potencial pesqueiro para a explotação, poderia reduzir o esforço de pesca sobre as espécies mais exploradas, aumentar a produção e consequentemente o consumo per capita de pescado no Brasil. Além de oferecer ao consumidor um produto nutritivo e com um prazo de vida útil maior. Desta forma, seria dado um destino mais nobre a estas espécies, o que permitiria que a atividade pesqueira fosse praticada de forma sustentável.

O Centro Espírita Redemptor e o tratamento de doença mental, 1910-1921 The Centro Espírita Redemptor and the treatment of mental illness, 1910-1921

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André de Faria Pereira Neto

2012-06-01

Full Text Available O espiritismo é uma doutrina religiosa que surgiu na França durante o século XIX por meio da obra de Allan Kardec. No Brasil, assumiu certa originalidade: o espiritismo racional e científico cristão, liderado por Luiz de Mattos, foi uma de suas vertentes doutrinárias nacionais. Luiz de Mattos criou o Centro Espírita Redemptor onde, durante alguns anos, acompanhou o tratamento dos doentes mentais. O artigo analisa as características do tratamento espírita racional e científico cristão à doença mental e as estratégias que Luiz de Mattos adotou para defender sua forma de tratamento. Apresenta ainda algumas semelhanças e diferenças entre o tratamento espírita e o médico.Spiritism is a religious doctrine originated in France during the nineteenth century through the works of Allan Kardec. In Brazil, it assumed an original configuration: rational and scientific Christian spiritism, pioneered by Luiz de Mattos, was one of the national doctrinal variants. Luiz de Mattos created the Centro Espírita Redemptor where, for some years, he monitored the treatment of the mentally ill. The article analyzes the characteristics of rational and scientific Christian spiritism treatment applied to mental illness and the strategies that Luiz de Mattos adopted to defend his form of treatment. Some similarities and differences between spiritist and medical treatment are also outlined.

Polyphosphate present in DNA preparations from fungal species of Collectotrichum inhibits restriction endonucleases and other enzymes

Science.gov (United States)

Rodriguez, R.J.

1993-01-01

During the development of a procedure for the isolation of total genomic DNA from filamentous fungi (Rodriguez, R. J., and Yoder, 0. C., Exp. Mycol. 15, 232-242, 1991) a cell fraction was isolated which inhibited the digestion of DNA by restriction enzymes. After elimination of DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids, the active compound was purified by gel filtration to yield a single fraction capable of complete inhibition of restriction enzyme activity. The inhibitor did not absorb uv light above 220 nm, and was resistant to alkali and acid at 25°C and to temperatures as high as 100°C. More extensive analyses demonstrated that the inhibitor was also capable of inhibiting T4 DNA ligase and TaqI DNA polymerase, but not DNase or RNase. Chemical analyses indicated that the inhibitor was devoid of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids but rich in phosphorus. A combination of nuclear magnetic resonance, metachromatic shift of toluidine blue, and gel filtration indicated that the inhibitor was a polyphosphate (polyP) containing approximately 60 phosphate molecules. The mechanism of inhibition appeared to involve complexing of polyP to the enzymatic proteins. All species of Colletotrichum analyzed produced polyP equivalent in chain length and concentration. A modification to the original DNA extraction procedure is described which eliminates polyP and reduces the time necessary to obtain DNA of sufficient purity for restriction enzyme digestion and TaqI polymerase amplification.

Software enhancements and modifications to Program FDTD executable on the Cray X-MP computer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stringer, J.C.

1987-09-04

This report summarizes enhancements and modifications to PROGRAM FDTD executable on the Cray X-MP computer system. Specifically, the tasks defined and performed under this effort are revision of the material encoding/decoding scheme to allow material type specification on an individual cell basis; modification of the I/O buffering scheme to maximize the use of available central memory and minimize the number of physical I/O accesses; user interface enhancements. Provide enhanced input/output features for greater flexibility; increased modularity. Divide the code into additional modules for ease of maintenance and future enhancements; and assist in the conversion and testing of FDTD to Floating Point Systems scientific computers and associated peripheral devices.

Contribuição para o estudo dos Rhinotragini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae: VIII. Transferências e nova espécie em Clepitoides

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Antonio Santos-Silva

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Quatro espécies são transferidas para Clepitoides Clarke, 2009: Odontocera crocata Bates, 1873; O. virgata Gounelle, 1911; Eclipta picturata (Gounelle, 1911; E. pallidicornis (Zajciw, 1966. As fêmeas de O. crocata e O. pallidicornis são redescritas e uma nova espécie é descrita do Brasil e da Argentina. As cinco espécies são figuradas. Adicionalmente é fornecida nova chave para as espécies de Clepitoides.

Sensitivity of monthly streamflow forecasts to the quality of rainfall forcing: When do dynamical climate forecasts outperform the Ensemble Streamflow Prediction (ESP) method?

Science.gov (United States)

Tanguy, M.; Prudhomme, C.; Harrigan, S.; Smith, K. A.; Parry, S.

2017-12-01

Forecasting hydrological extremes is challenging, especially at lead times over 1 month for catchments with limited hydrological memory and variable climates. One simple way to derive monthly or seasonal hydrological forecasts is to use historical climate data to drive hydrological models using the Ensemble Streamflow Prediction (ESP) method. This gives a range of possible future streamflow given known initial hydrologic conditions alone. The degree of skill of ESP depends highly on the forecast initialisation month and catchment type. Using dynamic rainfall forecasts as driving data instead of historical data could potentially improve streamflow predictions. A lot of effort is being invested within the meteorological community to improve these forecasts. However, while recent progress shows promise (e.g. NAO in winter), the skill of these forecasts at monthly to seasonal timescales is generally still limited, and the extent to which they might lead to improved hydrological forecasts is an area of active research. Additionally, these meteorological forecasts are currently being produced at 1 month or seasonal time-steps in the UK, whereas hydrological models require forcings at daily or sub-daily time-steps. Keeping in mind these limitations of available rainfall forecasts, the objectives of this study are to find out (i) how accurate monthly dynamical rainfall forecasts need to be to outperform ESP, and (ii) how the method used to disaggregate monthly rainfall forecasts into daily rainfall time series affects results. For the first objective, synthetic rainfall time series were created by increasingly degrading observed data (proxy for a `perfect forecast') from 0 % to +/-50 % error. For the second objective, three different methods were used to disaggregate monthly rainfall data into daily time series. These were used to force a simple lumped hydrological model (GR4J) to generate streamflow predictions at a one-month lead time for over 300 catchments

Rational approaches to the treatment of hypertension: modification of lifestyle measures.

Science.gov (United States)

Sayarlioglu, Hayriye

2013-12-01

Hypertension is an important health problem. Informative counseling is required for patients to completely understand the importance of non-pharmacologic treatments. Lifestyle changes such as restriction of salt intake, exercise, restriction of alcohol intake, diet, and weight loss are included in all hypertension treatment guidelines. However, serious motivation is required from the patient and the physician to succeed in this. Although the decrease in blood pressure may be limited with these measures, lifestyle modifications should be continued.

Alimento ou medicamento?: Espécies vegetais frente à legislação brasileira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L.O. Lima

Full Text Available O uso de espécies vegetais como fonte terapêutica e alimentícia tem apresentado significativo crescimento nos últimos anos, em especial no território brasileiro que é dotado de grande biodiversidade. A regulamentação dessas categorias de produtos envolve uma vasta lista de legislações, o que gera dificuldades no entendimento regulatório. Este trabalho teve por objetivo diferenciar algumas das classes de alimentos e medicamentos baseados em espécies vegetais e expor as legislações pertinentes a cada caso. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico e documental com base no acervo regulatório brasileiro atual e os principais dados foram compilados em forma de tabela. Este trabalho permitiu visualizar uma parte do universo legal referente aos produtos de origem vegetal, o que é essencial para o enquadramento correto dessas espécies frente a legislação, bem como seu comércio, propaganda e uso regular e seguro. Isto é fundamental frente à valorização emergente das espécies vegetais dentro do sistema público de saúde brasileiro de acordo com as exigências regulatórias de cada categoria.

Structural Modifications for Torsional Vibration Control of Shafting Systems Based on Torsional Receptances

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zihao Liu

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Torsional vibration of shafts is a very important problem in engineering, in particular in ship engines and aeroengines. Due to their high levels of integration and complexity, it is hard to get their accurate structural data or accurate modal data. This lack of data is unhelpful to vibration control in the form of structural modifications. Besides, many parts in shaft systems are not allowed to be modified such as rotary inertia of a pump or an engine, which is designed for achieving certain functions. This paper presents a strategy for torsional vibration control of shaft systems in the form of structural modifications based on receptances, which does not need analytical or modal models of the systems under investigation. It only needs the torsional receptances of the system, which can be obtained by testing simple auxiliary structure attached to relevant locations of the shaft system and using the finite element model (FEM of the simple structure. An optimization problem is constructed to determine the required structural modifications, based on the actual requirements of modal frequencies and mode shapes. A numerical experiment is set up and the influence of several system parameters is analysed. Several scenarios of constraints in practice are considered. The numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of this method and its feasibility in solving torsional vibration problems in practice.

Espécies novas de Myrcia DC. e Marlierea Cambes. (Myrtaceae New species of Myrcia DC. and Marlierea Cambes. (Myrtaceae

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Graziela Maciel Barroso

1990-12-01

Full Text Available O trabalho trata de espécies novas de Myrcia DC. e Marlierea Cambes., dois gêneros de Myrtaceae da sub tribo Myrciinae, da Reserva Florestal de Linhares, Espírito Santo, Brasil. Na área são conhecidas 18 espécies de Myrcia, 5 das quais são agora descritas. O gênero Marlierea está representado por 12 espécies, uma das quais é descrita como nova. Os novos taxa são ilustrados, e feitos comentários sobre relacionamento entre espécies afins.This paper deals with new species of Myrcia DC. and Marlierea Cambes., two genera of Myrtaceae subtribus Myrciinae, from the Reserva Florestal of Linhares, Espírito Santo, Brazil. From this area, 18 species of Myrcia are known, 5 of which are new to science and described here. Marlierea is not as rich in species as Myrcia but it is represented by 12 species, one here described as new. The new species are illustrated and some remarks are made about their relationships.

Field evaluation of a new particle concentrator- electrostatic precipitator system for measuring chemical and toxicological properties of particulate matter

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pakbin Payam

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background A newly designed electrostatic precipitator (ESP in tandem with Versatile Aerosol Concentration Enrichment System (VACES was developed by the University of Southern California to collect ambient aerosols on substrates appropriate for chemical and toxicological analysis. The laboratory evaluation of this sampler is described in a previous paper. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the new VACES-ESP system in the field by comparing the chemical characteristics of the PM collected in the ESP to those of reference samplers operating in parallel. Results The field campaign was carried out in the period from August, 2007 to March, 2008 in a typical urban environment near downtown Los Angeles. Each sampling set was restricted to 2–3 hours to minimize possible sampling artifacts in the ESP. The results showed that particle penetration increases and ozone concentration decreases with increasing sampling flow rate, with highest particle penetration observed between 100 nm and 300 nm. A reference filter sampler was deployed in parallel to the ESP to collect concentration-enriched aerosols, and a MOUDI sampler was used to collect ambient aerosols. Chemical analysis results showed very good agreement between the ESP and MOUDI samplers in the concentrations of trace elements and inorganic ions. The overall organic compound content of PM collected by the ESP, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, hopanes, steranes, and alkanes, was in good agreement with that of the reference sampler, with an average ESP -to -reference concentration ratio of 1.07 (± 0.38. While majority of organic compound ratios were close to 1, some of the semi-volatile organic species had slightly deviated ratios from 1, indicating the possibility of some sampling artifacts in the ESP due to reactions of PM with ozone and radicals generated from corona discharge, although positive and negative sampling artifacts in the

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of two HLA-B-associated transcripts (BATs) genes in healthy Danes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fugger, L; Morling, N; Ryder, L P

1990-01-01

The restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the two human HLA-B-associated transcripts (BATs) genes, BAT1 and BAT2, was investigated using 5 different restriction enzymes and two human BAT1 and BAT2 cDNA probes. Two of the enzymes, NcoI and RsaI, revealed polymorphic patterns which were...... investigated in healthy Danes. The cDNA/restriction enzyme combination BAT1/NcoI identifies polymorphic bands at 12 kb, 8 kb, 2.5 kb, and 1.1 kb, while the BAT2/RsaI combination identifies polymorphic bands at 3.3 kb, 2.7 kb, 2.3 kb, and 0.9 kb. The frequencies of these markers were determined in 90 unrelated...... Danes. Co-dominant segregation and allelic behavior was seen for the BAT1/NcoI 12 kb and 8 kb bands and the BAT2/RsaI 2.7 kb and 2.3 kb bands, respectively. It is possible that the BAT2/RsaI 3.3 kb band represents a rare allele of the BAT2/RsaI system. The BAT2/RsaI 2.3 kb marker was strongly negatively...

Biopolymer system for permeability modification in porous media

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stepp, A.K.; Bryant, R.S.; Llave, F.M. [BMD-Oklahoma, Inc., Bartlesville, OK (United States)] [and others

1995-12-31

New technologies are needed to reduce the current high rate of well abandonment. Improved sweep efficiency, reservoir conformance, and permeability modification can have a significant impact on oil recovery processes. Microorganisms can be used to selectively plug high-permeability zones to improve sweep efficiency and impart conformance control. Studies of a promising microbial system for polymer production were conducted to evaluate reservoir conditions in which this system would be effective. Factors which can affect microbial growth and polymer production include salinity, pH, temperature, divalent ions, presence of residual oil, and rock matrix. Flask tests and coreflooding experiments were conducted to optimize and evaluate the effectiveness of this system. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) was used to visualize microbial polymer production in porous media. Changes in fluid distribution within the pore system of the core were detected.

Avaliação de um sistema automatizado na identificação de espécies de Enterococcus Evaluation of an automated system for the identification of Enterococci

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro Alves d'Azevedo

2004-08-01

Full Text Available O uso de métodos automatizados tem freqüentemente levado a falhas na identificação do gênero Enterococcus em laboratórios de microbiologia clínica. Neste estudo foi avaliada a utilização de um sistema automatizado Vitek (bioMérieux em dois laboratórios de microbiologia clínica para identificação de diferentes espécies de enterococos. Os resultados foram comparados com os testes fisiológicos convencionais. As amostras (80 foram inoculadas em testes bioquímicos convencionais e no cartão Vitek GPI. No geral, a concordância entre os dois métodos foi de 83,7% (67/80. Entre as amostras de E. faecalis, o sistema Vitek identificou corretamente 35/40 (87,5% e entre os E. faecium, a concordância foi 12/14 (85,7%. Em 20/26 amostras (76,9% pertencentes a espécies não-E. faecalis e não-E. faecium, o sistema chegou à identificação correta. Os resultados do presente estudo mostram que o sistema Vitek necessita de melhorias para a identificação de enterococos, especialmente diante de espécies menos freqüentes.Automated systems may present problems in the identification of members of the genus Enterococcus in clinical laboratories. Having conventional physiological tests as the reference method, we evaluated the use of an automated system (VITEK - bioMérieux in the identification of 80 isolates belonging to different species of Enterococcus. The general agreement between results obtained by the conventional method and by the Vitek GPI card was 83.7% (67/80. Among isolates of E. faecalis and E faecium we observed that the automated system correctly identified 35/40 (87.5% and 12/14 (85.7% of the strains, respectively. Among isolates belonging to species which are neither E. faecalis, nor E. faecium, it was observed an agreement of 20/26 (76.9%. Results point to the need of improvement in the automated systems to identify enterococci. Special consideration must be taken regarding less frequently isolated species.

Nouvelle espèce des Syntomides (Lepidoptera Heterocera)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Snellen, P.C.T.

1886-01-01

Quatre mâles frais et bien conservés de 58—64 millim. d’envergure. Cette nouvelle espèce, gigantesque pour une Syntomide, appartient au genre Automolis, tel qu’il a été défini par Herrich-Schäffer, dans son ouvrage »Sammlung aussereuropäischer Schmetterlinge” (p. 21); le nom est emprunté au bien

Associações espaciais entre indivíduos de diferentes espécies de Miconia spp. Ruiz & Pav. (Melastomataceae

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Pedro Higuchi

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Este estudo avaliou as associações espaciais de indivíduos pertencentes a todas as espécies arbóreas do gênero Miconia presentes no sub-bosque de um plantio experimental de espécies dos gêneros Eucalyptus e Corymbia. Como o gênero Miconia possui a maioria das espécies pioneiras, a hipótese testada foi de que os pares de espécies analisadas apresentam indivíduos com sobreposição total ou parcial de habitat. Considerando o histórico da área, é possível supor que todos os indivíduos se regeneraram a partir da chuva e do banco de sementes. Foi estabelecido um transecto cruzando a área de estudo no sentido de seu maior comprimento, a partir do qual foram determinadas as coordenadas dos indivíduos do gênero Miconia com DAS (diâmetro medido na altura do solo maior ou igual a 1 cm. As associações espaciais entre os indivíduos das diferentes espécies foram analisadas por meio da função K de Ripley bivariada. Foram amostrados indivíduos de Miconia pepericarpa DC., Miconia sellowiana Naudin, Miconia albicans Triana, Miconia argyrophylla DC., Miconia chartacea Triana e Miconia cinnamomifolia (DC. Naudin. De forma geral, os resultados demonstraram ausência de associação espacial negativa entre os pares das espécies, indicando que os indivíduos de Miconia spp. compartilham parcial ou totalmente o mesmo espaço no sub-bosque de um plantio de eucalipto. Os resultados obtidos, apesar de não poderem ser extrapolados para outras espécies, corroboram a ideia de que algumas espécies pioneiras tendem a coexistir, em florestas tropicais, em áreas onde há maior disponibilidade de luz.

Prototype Sistem Multi-Telemetri Wireless untuk Mengukur Suhu Udara Berbasis Mikrokontroler ESP8266 pada Greenhouse

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hanum Shirotu Nida

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Telemetri wireless adalah proses pengukuran parameter suatu obyek yang hasil pengukurannya dikirimkan ke tempat lain melalui proses pengiriman data tanpa menggunakan kabel (wireless, sedangkan multi telemetri adalah gabungan dari beberapa telemeteri itu sendiri. Penelitian ini merancang prototype sistem multi-telemetri wireless untuk mengukur suhu udara dan kelembaban udara pada greenhouse dengan menggunakan sensor DHT11 dan data hasil dari pembacaan sensor dikirim dengan menggunakan modul WiFi ESP8266 ke server dengan menggunakan protokol HTTP. Dalam penelitian ini diuji nilai sensor DHT11, heap memory ESP8266, jarak atau jangkauan ESP8266, uji coba data missing handling dan kestabilan jaringan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa sensor DHT11 memiliki rata-rata kesalahan ukur suhu 0.92 oC dan kelembaban 3.1%. Modul WiFi ESP8266 mampu menyimpan dan mengirim buffer hingga 100 data dan dapat melakukan pengiriman dalam jangkauan 50 meter. Data missing handling memanfaatkan buffer untuk menyimpan data selama server sedang tidak dapat diakses oleh sensor node agar data tidak hillang. Kestabilan pengiriman data atau koneksi sensor node dengan server dipengaruhi oleh jumlah access point yang sedang berkomunikasi disekitar access point server dengan menggunakan channel yang sama.

Modification of Particle Distributions By MHD Instabilities I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

White, R.B.

2010-01-01

The modification of particle distributions by low amplitude magnetohydrodynamic modes is an important topic for magnetically confined plasmas. Low amplitude modes are known to be capable of producing significant modification of injected neutral beam profiles, and the same can be expected in burning plasmas for the alpha particle distributions. Flattening of a distribution due to phase mixing in an island or due to portions of phase space becoming stochastic is a process extremely rapid on the time scale of an experiment but still very long compared to the time scale of guiding center simulations. Thus it is very valuable to be able to locate significant resonances and to predict the final particle distribution produced by a given spectrum of magnetohydrodynamic modes. In this paper we introduce a new method of determining domains of phase space in which good surfaces do not exist and use this method for quickly determining the final state of the particle distribution without carrying out the full time evolution leading to it.

Are gall midge species (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae host-plant specialists? Espécies de moscas galhadoras (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae são especialistas em plantas hospedeiras?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marco Antonio A. Carneiro

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Despite the speciose fauna of gall-inducing insects in the Neotropical region, little is known about their taxonomy. On the other hand, gall morphotypes associated with host species have been extensively used as a surrogate of the inducer species worldwide. This study reviewed the described gall midges and their galls to test the generalization on the use of gall morphotypes as surrogates of gall midge species in the Brazilian fauna. We compiled taxonomic and biological data for 196 gall midge species recorded on 128 host plant species. Ninety two percent of those species were monophagous, inducing galls on a single host plant species, whereas only 5.6% species were oligophagous, inducing galls on more than one congeneric host plant species. Only four species induced galls on more than one host plant genus. We conclude that gall morphotypes associated with information on the host plant species and attacked organs are reliable surrogates of the gall-inducing species.Apesar do elevado número de espécies da fauna de insetos indutores de galhas na região Neotropical, muito pouco espécies foram descritas. Por outro lado, o morfotipo da galha associado com a espécie da planta hospedeira é em todo o mundo amplamente utilizado como um indicador da espécie de inseto indutor. Este estudo revê as espécies de cecidommídeos descritos e suas galhas para verificar a generalização do uso da morfologia da galha como indicador da espécie de cecidomíideo na fauna brasileira. Nós compilamos dados biológicos e taxonômicos de 196 espécies de cecidomiídeos em 128 espécies de plantas no Brasil. Noventa e dois porcento destas espécies foram monófagas, induzindo galhas em uma única espécie de planta hospedeira, enquanto somente 5,6% das espécies foram oligófagas, induzindo galhas em mais de uma espécie de planta do mesmo gênero. Somente quatro espécies induzem galhas em espécies de plantas de gêneros diferentes. Nós concluímos que o morfo

ESP's Tank 42 washwater transfer to the 241-F/H tank farms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aponte, C.I.; Lee, E.D.

1997-12-01

As a result of the separation of the High-Level Liquid Waste Department into three separate organizations (formerly there were two) (Concentration, Storage, and Transfer (CST), Waste Pre-Treatment (WPT) and Waste Disposition (WD)) process interface controls were required. One of these controls is implementing the Waste the waste between CST and WPT. At present, CST's Waste Acceptance Criteria is undergoing revision and WPT has not prepared the required Waste Compliance Plan (WCP). The Waste Pre-Treatment organization is making preparations for transferring spent washwater in Tank 42 to Tank 43 and/or Tank 22. The washwater transfer is expected to complete the washing steps for preparing ESP batch 1B sludge. This report is intended to perform the function of a Waste Compliance Plan for the proposed transfer. Previously, transfers between the Tank Farm and ITP/ESP were controlled by requirements outlined in the Tank Farm's Technical Standards and ITP/ESP's Process Requirements. Additionally, these controls are implemented primarily in operating procedure 241-FH-7TSQ and ITP Operations Manual SW16.1-SOP-WTS-1 which will be completed prior to performing the waste transfers

Property Rights, Restrictions and Responsibilities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Enemark, Stig

more to a social, ethical commitment or attitude to environmental sustainability and good husbandry. This paper provides an overall understanding of the concept of land administration systems for dealing with rights, restrictions and responsibilities in future spatially enabled government. Finally......Land Administration Systems are the basis for conceptualizing rights, restrictions and responsibilities related to people, policies and places. Property rights are normally concerned with ownership and tenure whereas restrictions usually control use and activities on land. Responsibilities relate...

Design Package for Fuel Retrieval System Fuel Handling Tool Modification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

TEDESCHI, D.J.

2000-01-01

This is a design package that contains the details for a modification to a tool used for moving fuel elements during loading of MCO Fuel Baskets for the Fuel Retrieval System. The tool is called the fuel handling tool (or stinger). This document contains requirements, development design information, tests, and test reports

The efficacy of focus group discussion in teaching ESP speaking skill for prospective vocational school teacher

Science.gov (United States)

Nurmasitah, Sita; Faridi, Abdurrachman; Utomo, Aryo Baskoro; Astuti, Pudji

2018-03-01

The aims of the study were to implement the focus group discussion in teaching English for Specific Purposes (ESP) speaking skill for prospective Vocational School teacher and also to find out its effectiveness in improving their English speaking skill in ESP course. Quasi-experimental design was employed in this research. Thirty students of Family Welfare Vocational Education Study Program who were taking ESP course, were divided into two classes; experimental and control class. The research data were collected through interview, observation and the students' speaking assessment. The result showed that the implementation of focus group discussion method in the experimental class effectively increased the students' speaking skill compared to the control class.

Antraquinonas e naftoquinonas do caule de um espécime de reflorestamento de Tectona grandi (Verbenaceae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Y.O. Moreira

Full Text Available O fracionamento do extrato hexânico do caule de um espécime de reflorestamento de Tectona grandis (Verbenaceae, através de procedimentos fitoquímicos clássicos, levou ao isolamento das naftoquinonas lapachol e desidro-a-lapachona e das antraquinonas tectoquinona e obtusifolina. As estruturas das substâncias foram caracterizadas através da análise de métodos espectrométricos de RMN. Este é o primeiro estudo fitoquímico de um espécime de reflorestamento de Tectona grandis, no Brasil, sendo o objetivo principal deste trabalho a comprovação da presença de tectoquinona em espécimes cultivados.

Personalization of restrictions and recommendations for patients heated with I-131. Experience during two years (2000-2001)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rivas Ballarin, M. A.; Ruiz Manzano, P.; Hernandez Vitoria, A.; Lozano Flores, F.; Ortega Pardina, P.

2002-01-01

The aim of this study is to set criteria for discharging patients treated with I-131, bearing in mind their familiar, social and working status according to the new Spanish legislation on radiological protection and European Guides related to the subject. A mathematical development and a normal contact pattern are proposed to calculate the period of restriction Tcr on the behaviour of the patients, so that the dose to their family friends and colleagues, both in thyroid carcinoma and hyperthyroidism, is within the dose constraints established in the European Guide Radiation Protection following iodine-131 therapy (exposures due to auto-patient or discharged in-patients) published in 1998. This systems has been applied ruing the last two years in Hospital Clinico Universitario Lozano Blesa of Zaragoza where the mean dose rate at 1 meter was 16,6 μSv/h on the day of discharge, after being in hospital for about 48 hours. Some results obtained for the three types of treatment are presented. (Author)

Restricted mouth opening and its definitive management: A literature review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bhushan Kumar

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose: This review was intended to discuss the various possible modifications suggested in the literature for prosthetic steps and surgical corrective procedures in nonresponding or complicated cases during rehabilitation of patients with restricted mouth opening. Material and Methods: Medline, PubMed, and Google were searched electronically for articles using keywords: microstomia and treatment options for restricted mouth opening. The various articles on prosthodontic rehabilitation in microstomia were segregated. From these, various modifications in the prosthetic steps were reviewed. Results: Oral hygiene maintenance is difficult for patient either due to limited access or due to associated lack of manual dexterity, so dental decay and periodontal problems are more extensive in such patients; hence, tooth loss is a common finding. All prosthetic procedures require wide mouth opening to carry out various steps, starting from tray placement during impression making to the final prosthesis insertion, especially removable prosthesis. Various prosthetic modifications given by authors are included in this review for each step in prosthodontic management. A total of eight stock tray designs, 12 custom tray designs, and 17 removable prosthesis designs are discussed along with fixed (either tooth-supported or implant-supported and maxillofacial prosthesis. However, some patients require surgical intervention also for the correction of microstomia either for function or for esthetic purpose before prosthetic rehabilitation and are also enumerated here. Conclusion: Among all prosthetic restorative options, removable prosthesis is most difficult for dentist to fabricate as conventional methods are either very difficult or impossible to apply. To get a more accurate final prosthesis, we need to modify these steps according to the existing case. Several modifications available are discussed here which can help while managing these patients.

Restricted mouth opening and its definitive management: A literature review.

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, Bhushan; Fernandes, Aquaviva; Sandhu, Prabhdeep Kaur

2018-01-01

This review was intended to discuss the various possible modifications suggested in the literature for prosthetic steps and surgical corrective procedures in nonresponding or complicated cases during rehabilitation of patients with restricted mouth opening. Medline, PubMed, and Google were searched electronically for articles using keywords: microstomia and treatment options for restricted mouth opening. The various articles on prosthodontic rehabilitation in microstomia were segregated. From these, various modifications in the prosthetic steps were reviewed. Oral hygiene maintenance is difficult for patient either due to limited access or due to associated lack of manual dexterity, so dental decay and periodontal problems are more extensive in such patients; hence, tooth loss is a common finding. All prosthetic procedures require wide mouth opening to carry out various steps, starting from tray placement during impression making to the final prosthesis insertion, especially removable prosthesis. Various prosthetic modifications given by authors are included in this review for each step in prosthodontic management. A total of eight stock tray designs, 12 custom tray designs, and 17 removable prosthesis designs are discussed along with fixed (either tooth-supported or implant-supported) and maxillofacial prosthesis. However, some patients require surgical intervention also for the correction of microstomia either for function or for esthetic purpose before prosthetic rehabilitation and are also enumerated here. Among all prosthetic restorative options, removable prosthesis is most difficult for dentist to fabricate as conventional methods are either very difficult or impossible to apply. To get a more accurate final prosthesis, we need to modify these steps according to the existing case. Several modifications available are discussed here which can help while managing these patients.

Contribution of vitamin K1 to the electron spin polarization in spinach photosystem I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rustandi, R.R.; Snyder, S.W.; Feezel, L.L.; Michalski, T.J.; Norris, J.R.; Thurnauer, M.C.; Biggins, J.

1990-01-01

The electron spin polarized (ESP) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal observed in spinach photosystem I (PSI) particles was examined in preparations depleted of vitamin K1 by solvent extraction and following biological reconstitution by the quinone. The ESP EPR signal was not detected in the solvent-extracted PSI sample but was restored upon reconstitution with either protonated or deuterated vitamin K1 under conditions that also restored electron transfer to the terminal PSI acceptors. Reconstitution using deuterated vitamin K1 resulted in a line narrowing of the ESP EPR signal, supporting the conclusion that the ESP EPR signals in the reconstituted samples arise from a radical pair consisting of the oxidized PSI primary donor, P700+, and reduced vitamin K1

Effects of Caloric Restriction and Exercise Training on Skeletal Muscle Histochemistry in Aging Fischer 344 Rats

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David T. Lowenthal

2006-01-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of calorie restriction and exercise on hindlimb histochemistry and fiber type in Fischer 344 rats as they advanced from adulthood through senescence. At 10 months of age, animals were divided into sedentary fed ad libitum, exercise (18 m/min, 8% grade, 20 min/day, 5 days/week fed ad libitum, and calorie restricted by alternate days of feeding. Succinic dehydrogenase, myosin adenosine triphosphatase (mATPase at pH 9.4, nicotine adenonine dinucleotide reductase, and Periodic Acid Shiff histochemical stains were performed on plantaris and soleus muscles. The results indicated that aging resulted in a progressive decline in plantaris Type I muscle fiber in sedentary animals, while exercise resulted in maintenance of these fibers. The percent of plantaris Type II fibers increased between 10 and 24 months of age. Exercise also resulted in a small, but significant, increase in the percentage of plantaris Type IIa fibers at 24 months of age. The soleus fiber distribution for Type I fibers was unaffected by increasing age in all groups of animals. The implications of these results suggest the implementation of exercise as a lifestyle modification as early as possible.

One-Loop Operation of Primary Heat Transport System in MONJU During Heat Transport System Modifications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goto, T.; Tsushima, H.; Sakurai, N.; Jo, T.

2006-01-01

MONJU is a prototype fast breeder reactor (FBR). Modification work commenced in March 2005. Since June 2004, MONJU has changed to one-loop operation of the primary heat transport system (PHTS) with all of the secondary heat transport systems (SHTS) drained of sodium. The purposes of this change are to shorten the modification period and to reduce the cost incurred for circuit trace heating electrical consumption. Before changing condition, the following issues were investigated to show that this mode of operation was possible. The heat loss from the reactor vessel and the single primary loop must exceed the decay heat by an acceptable margin but the capacity of pre-heaters to keep the sodium within the primary vessel at about 200 deg. C must be maintained. With regard to the heat loss and the decay heat, the estimated heat loss in the primary system was in the range of 90-170 kW in one-loop operation, and the calculated decay heat was 21.2 kW. Although the heat input of the primary pump was considered, it was clear that circuit heat loss greatly exceeded the decay heat. As for pre-heaters, effective capacity was less than the heat loss. Therefore, the temperature of the reactor vessel room was raised to reduce the heat loss. One-loop operation of the PHTS was able to be executed by means of these measures. The cost of electrical consumption in the power plant has been reduced by one-loop operation of the PHTS and the modification period was shortened. (authors)

Biochemical systems approaches for the analysis of histone modification readout.

Science.gov (United States)

Soldi, Monica; Bremang, Michael; Bonaldi, Tiziana

2014-08-01

Chromatin is the macromolecular nucleoprotein complex that governs the organization of genetic material in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. In chromatin, DNA is packed with histone proteins into nucleosomes. Core histones are prototypes of hyper-modified proteins, being decorated by a large number of site-specific reversible and irreversible post-translational modifications (PTMs), which contribute to the maintenance and modulation of chromatin plasticity, gene activation, and a variety of other biological processes and disease states. The observations of the variety, frequency and co-occurrence of histone modifications in distinct patterns at specific genomic loci have led to the idea that hPTMs can create a molecular barcode, read by effector proteins that translate it into a specific transcriptional state, or process, on the underlying DNA. However, despite the fact that this histone-code hypothesis was proposed more than 10 years ago, the molecular details of its working mechanisms are only partially characterized. In particular, two questions deserve specific investigation: how the different modifications associate and synergize into patterns and how these PTM configurations are read and translated by multi-protein complexes into a specific functional outcome on the genome. Mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a versatile tool to investigate chromatin biology, useful for both identifying and validating hPTMs, and to dissect the molecular determinants of histone modification readout systems. We review here the MS techniques and the proteomics methods that have been developed to address these fundamental questions in epigenetics research, emphasizing approaches based on the proteomic dissection of distinct native chromatin regions, with a critical evaluation of their present challenges and future potential. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Molecular mechanisms of histone modification function. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Fenologia reprodutiva de espécies arbóreas em área fragmentada de Mata Atlântica em Itaborai, RJ

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juliana Müller Freire

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Estudos fenológicos podem servir de subsídio para ações de colheita de sementes e recuperação de áreas degradadas, contribuindo para a conservação das espécies florestais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a época de floração e frutificação de 21 espécies arbóreas nativas em área fragmentada de Mata Atlântica em Itaboraí, RJ. Foram acompanhadas mensalmente 91 matrizes, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2011. A maior parte das espécies floresceu no final da estação seca e início da chuvosa, tendo sido observada correlação moderada e negativa entre floração e fotoperíodo. Observaram-se dois picos de frutificação: de março a abril para as espécies zoocóricas, e de setembro a outubro para espécies não zoocóricas, com correlação positiva entre precipitação e frutificação de espécies zoocóricas. Foi alta a incidência de patógenos nos frutos, comprometendo a produção de sementes de Machaerium hirtum, Melanoxylon brauna, Machaerium brasiliense e Psidium guineense. Outras espécies apresentaram baixa produção de frutos, como Andira sp., Swartzia oblata, Guarea guidonea e Enterolobium glaziovii. A sincronia de floração e frutificação entre as matrizes foi baixa para a maioria das espécies. A falta de trabalhos de fenologia para a maioria das espécies estudadas (52% reforça a necessidade de pesquisa para a região de estudo.

Plasmids which make their host bacteria mutable as well as resistant to ultraviolet irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arai, Toshihiko; Ando, Takao

1980-01-01

Some of the naturally occurring Iα, I zeta, M, N, O and T group plasmids increase both the mutability and UV resistance of their host bacteria, while group H and S plasmids only increase mutability. This suggests that these two plasmid-mediated repair functions are separable. The two functions have no direct relation to their restriction-modification systems and nitrofuran resistant functions. In addition, the close linking between the restriction-modification genes and these repair function genes was suggested in group N plasmids. (author)

On Out of Plane Equilibrium Points in Photo-Gravitational Restricted ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Abstract. We have investigated the out of plane equilibrium points of a passive micron size particle and their stability in the field of radiating binary stellar systems Krüger-60, RW-Monocerotis within the framework of photo-gravitational circular restricted three-body problem. We find that the out of plane equilibrium points (Li,i ...

Variations in EUV Irradiance: Comparison between LYRA, ESP, and SWAP Integrated Flux

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Mehmet Sarp Yalim

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The Sun Watcher Using Active Pixel System Detector and Image Processing (SWAP telescope and Large Yield Radiometer (LYRA are the two Sun observation instruments on-board PROBA2. SWAP extreme ultraviolet images, if presented in terms of the integrated flux over solar disk, in general, correlate well with LYRA channel 2–4 (zirconium filter and channels QD and 18 of EVE/ESP on-board SDO between 2010 and 2013. Hence, SWAP can be considered as an additional radiometric channel. We compare in detail LYRA channel 2–4 and SWAP integrated flux in July 2010 and in particular during the solar eclipse that occurred on July 11, 2010. During this eclipse, the discrepancy between the two data channels can be explained to be related to the occultation of active region 11087 by the Moon. In the second half of July 2010, LYRA channel 2–4 and SWAP integrated flux deviate from each other, but these differences can also be explained in terms of features appearing on the solar disk such as coronal holes and active regions. By additionally comparing with timeline of EVE/ESP, we can preliminarily interpret these differences in terms of the difference between the broad bandpass of LYRA channel 2–4 and the, relatively speaking, narrower bandpass of SWAP.

Investigação das atividades antioxidante e antimicrobiana de duas espécies arbóreas ocorrentes no bioma caatinga

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Fábio Rogério Santos Nunes

2016-05-01

Full Text Available O bioma caatinga é um bioma brasileiro predominante e único no Nordeste do Brasil. Esse bioma abriga uma impressionante biodiversidade florística com espécies ricas em moléculas bioativas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a atividade antioxidante e antimicrobiana de duas espécies vegetais arbóreas ocorrentes na caatinga. Nos ensaios de atividade antioxidante dos extratos etanólicos da casca do caule das espécies Leucaena leucocephala e Cnidoscolus quercifolius foram avaliados o teor de fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante pelos métodos de captura dos radicais livres DPPH (radical 1,1-diphenil-2-picrilhydrazil e ABTS (radical 2,2’azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid. A atividade antimicrobiana desses extratos foi avaliada frente às espécies bacterianas Enterococcus faecales (ATCC 29212, Streptococcus pneumoniae (ATCC 49619 e Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923, através do ensaio de difusão em poço e determinação de Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM.   Os teores de fenólicos totais encontrados na espécie L. leucocephala exibiram quantidades relevantes de polifenóis, resultado não observado na espécie C. quercifolius.  Foi observado existir uma correlação direta entre a quantidade de fenólicos totais e a atividade antioxidante das espécies testadas. Nenhuma das espécies apresentou atividade antimicrobiana significativa.

49 CFR 383.95 - Restrictions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... the skills test and the restriction, air brakes shall include any braking system operating fully or...; REQUIREMENTS AND PENALTIES Vehicle Groups and Endorsements § 383.95 Restrictions. (a) Air brake restrictions... skills test in a vehicle not equipped with air brakes, the State must indicate on the CDL, if issued...

Freshwater gastropods in the Northern littoral mesoregion of Espírito Santo, Brazil

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Marco Antônio Andrade de Souza

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Studies on the distribution of molluscs in Brazilhave been conducted since the beginning of the twentieth and the knowledge of the species distributed in the country represent important findings, which contribute to the understanding of human diseases and those of veterinary importance, transmitted by them. In order to verify the distribution of freshwater gastropods in Espírito Santo, a malacological surveywas carried out in nine municipalities that comprise the Northern mesoregion of the State, between January 2010 and February 2015. Initially the water collections occurring in the municipality were verified and the lotic systems at different levels of use and conservation were determined. Molluscs were collected monthly using a hand net adapted to a stick steel. An individual sample effort of 30 minutes was applied, by scanning, at about ten meters in each one of the selected habitats. A total of 6,000 specimens were collected, represented by genera Melanoides, Drepanotrema, Physa, Biomphalaria and Pomacea. Among the molluscs, some specimens were positive for flatworm larvae of medical and veterinary importance. The results contributed to the knowledge of the current distribution of freshwater gastropods in the Northern region of Espírito Santo whose the only record for the region dates back to 1983.

Monitoring system including an electronic sensor platform and an interrogation transceiver

Science.gov (United States)

Kinzel, Robert L.; Sheets, Larry R.

2003-09-23

A wireless monitoring system suitable for a wide range of remote data collection applications. The system includes at least one Electronic Sensor Platform (ESP), an Interrogator Transceiver (IT) and a general purpose host computer. The ESP functions as a remote data collector from a number of digital and analog sensors located therein. The host computer provides for data logging, testing, demonstration, installation checkout, and troubleshooting of the system. The IT transmits signals from one or more ESP's to the host computer to the ESP's. The IT host computer may be powered by a common power supply, and each ESP is individually powered by a battery. This monitoring system has an extremely low power consumption which allows remote operation of the ESP for long periods; provides authenticated message traffic over a wireless network; utilizes state-of-health and tamper sensors to ensure that the ESP is secure and undamaged; has robust housing of the ESP suitable for use in radiation environments; and is low in cost. With one base station (host computer and interrogator transceiver), multiple ESP's may be controlled at a single monitoring site.

Short-term effects of maternal feed restriction during pregnancy on goat kid morphology, metabolism, and behavior

OpenAIRE

Laporte-Broux, Bérengère; Roussel, Sabine; Ponter, Andrew; Perault, Julien; Chavatte-Palmer, Pascale; Duvaux-Ponter, Christine

2011-01-01

Morphometric, metabolic, and behavioural modifications were studied in goat kids after maternal feed restriction during the last one-third of pregnancy. At birth, only kids from twin and triplet litters were studied [n = 40 kids born to control dams (CONT) and n = 38 born to restricted dams (REST)] and only males thereafter (n = 13 CONT and 15 REST kids) until slaughter at 6 wk of age. Kids born to restricted goats had a smaller abdominal girth at birth P < 0.01) and tended to have a smaller ...

Plan maestro de Seguridad Informática para la UTIC de la ESPE con lineamientos de la Norma ISO/IEC 27002

OpenAIRE

Baldeón Garzón, Mauricio Javier; Coronel Guerrero, Christian Alfredo

2012-01-01

La Seguridad de la Información (S-I) es algo más que un antivirus, cortafuego o cifrado de datos, la S-I es el resultado de operaciones realizadas por personas y que son soportadas por la tecnología (Gonzalo Álvarez Marañon, Pedro Pablo Pérez García, 2004); bajo este contexto, la Escuela Politécnica del Ejército (ESPE) desde el año 2010 ha realizado adquisiciones considerables de equipamiento de seguridad perimetral y software de altas prestaciones, requiriéndose definir políticas, normas, pr...

How Harmful are Adaptation Restrictions

OpenAIRE

Bruin, de, K.C.; Dellink, R.B.

2009-01-01

The dominant assumption in economic models of climate policy remains that adaptation will be implemented in an optimal manner. There are, however, several reasons why optimal levels of adaptation may not be attainable. This paper investigates the effects of suboptimal levels of adaptation, i.e. adaptation restrictions, on the composition and level of climate change costs and on welfare. Several adaptation restrictions are identified and then simulated in a revised DICE model, extended with ad...

31 CFR 205.17 - Are funds transfers delayed by automated payment systems restrictions based on the size and...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... automated payment systems restrictions based on the size and timing of the drawdown request subject to this... Treasury-State Agreement § 205.17 Are funds transfers delayed by automated payment systems restrictions... to payment processes that automatically reject drawdown requests that fall outside a pre-determined...

Utility of circulating IGF-I as a biomarker for assessing body composition changes in men during periods of high physical activity superimposed upon energy and sleep restriction.

Science.gov (United States)

Nindl, Bradley C; Alemany, Joseph A; Kellogg, Mark D; Rood, Jennifer; Allison, Steven A; Young, Andrew J; Montain, Scott J

2007-07-01

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I is a biomarker that may have greater utility than other conventional nutritional biomarkers in assessing nutritional, health, and fitness status. We hypothesized that the IGF-I system would directionally track a short-term energy deficit and would be more related to changes in body composition than other nutritional biomarkers. Thirty-five healthy men (24 +/- 0.3 yr) underwent 8 days of exercise and energy imbalance. Total and free IGF-I, IGF binding proteins-1, -2, and -3, the acid labile subunit, transferrin, ferritin, retinol binding protein, prealbumin, testosterone, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and leptin responses were measured. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry assessed changes in body mass and composition. Repeated-measures ANOVA, correlation analysis, and receiver operator characteristic curves were used for statistical analyses (P losing >5% body mass. The IGF-I system is an important adjunct in the overall assessment of adaptation to stress imposed by high levels of physical activity superimposed on energy and sleep restriction and is more closely associated with losses in body mass and fat-free mass than other conventional nutritional biomarkers.

Genetic Modification in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells by Homologous Recombination and CRISPR/Cas9 System.

Science.gov (United States)

Xue, Haipeng; Wu, Jianbo; Li, Shenglan; Rao, Mahendra S; Liu, Ying

2016-01-01

Genetic modification is an indispensable tool to study gene function in normal development and disease. The recent breakthrough of creating human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by defined factors (Takahashi et al., Cell 131:861-872, 2007) provides a renewable source of patient autologous cells that not only retain identical genetic information but also give rise to many cell types of the body including neurons and glia. Meanwhile, the rapid advancement of genome modification tools such as gene targeting by homologous recombination (Capecchi, Nat Rev Genet 6:507-512, 2005) and genome editing tools such as CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)/Cas (CRISPR-associated) system, TALENs (Transcription activator-like effector nucleases), and ZFNs (Zinc finger nucleases) (Wang et al., Cell 153:910-918, 2013; Mali et al., Science 339:823-826, 2013; Hwang et al., Nat Biotechnol 31:227-229, 2013; Friedland et al., Nat Methods 10(8):741-743, 2013; DiCarlo et al., Nucleic Acids Res 41:4336-4343, 2013; Cong et al., Science 339:819-823, 2013) has greatly accelerated the development of human genome manipulation at the molecular level. This chapter describes the protocols for making neural lineage reporter lines using homologous recombination and the CRISPR/Cas system-mediated genome editing, including construction of targeting vectors, guide RNAs, transfection into hPSCs, and selection and verification of successfully targeted clones. This method can be applied to various needs of hPSC genetic engineering at high efficiency and high reliability.

Caracterização comparativa do intestino das espécies da Ordem Xenarthra

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Marina M. Carvalho

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Resumo: O sucesso na manutenção de uma espécie depende de vários fatores entre eles a eficiência digestiva, sendo assim parâmetros morfométricos do tubo digestório são necessários para o conhecimento dos processos digestivos dos alimentos no organismo animal além de indicar a preferência alimentar de uma espécie. Este trabalho visou descrever morfologicamente os intestinos delgado e grosso, órgãos do sistema digestório de representantes da ordem Xenarthra a fim de fornecer subsídios para a avaliação da dieta e realização de procedimentos clínicos nestes animais, sejam eles de vida livre ou de cativeiro. Foram utilizados 7 espécimes entre preguiças-de-coleira (Bradypus torquatus, tatu-verdadeiro (Dasypus novemcinctus e tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla. Todos as amostras foram processadas seguindo procedimentos de rotina efetuados nos laboratórios de Anatomia Animal e Histologia da FZEA/USP. Os intestinos de B. torquatus se apresentaram curtos e simples, enquanto que nos exemplares de D. novemcintus e M. tridactyla o intestino era longo e com algumas peculiaridades. No duodeno de todos os espécimes notamos a presença das glândulas de Brünner e estruturas para aumentar a superfície de absorção. Apenas em preguiças, o mesentério mantém o jejuno preso à parede dorsal da cavidade abdominal. O íleo representou a menor porção nas preguiças e tatus, exceto em tamanduáque apresentava o íleo como a maior parte depois do jejuno. O ceco em tatus e tamanduás apresentavam tamanho considerável e a presença de glândulas na mucosa, nestas espécies destacamos a funcionalidade do ceco, uma vez que este se apresentou repleto de restos alimentares. Na mucosa do cólon de todos os espécimes, haviam criptas de Lieberkühn, sendo mais numerosas em D. novemcinctus e M. tridactyla. Apenas em B. torquatus, o reto apresentou maior diâmetro e rigidez em relação ao cólon. No reto de todas as espécies estudadas, a

MHC-I-restricted epitopes conserved among variola and other related orthopoxviruses are recognized by T cells 30 years after vaccination

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tang, Sheila Tuyet; Wang, M.; Lamberth, K.

2008-01-01

It is many years since the general population has been vaccinated against smallpox virus. Here, we report that human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I restricted T cell epitopes can be recognized more than 30 years after vaccination. Using bioinformatic methods, we predicted 177 potential cytotoxic T...... lymphocyte epitopes. Eight epitopes were confirmed to stimulate IFN-gamma release by T cells in smallpox-vaccinated subjects. The epitopes were restricted by five supertypes (HLA-A1, -A2, -A24 -A26 and -B44). Significant T cell responses were detected against 8 of 45 peptides with an HLA class I affinity...... of K(D) less than or equal to 5 nM, whereas no T cell responses were detected against 60 peptides with an HLA affinity of K(D) more than 5 nM. All epitopes were fully conserved in seven variola, vaccinia and cowpox strains. Knowledge of the long-term response to smallpox vaccination may lead...

Transformação genética em espécies florestais.

OpenAIRE

Claudia Studart-Guimarães; Cristiano Lacorte; Ana Cristina Miranda Brasileiro

2010-01-01

A transformação genética, que compreende a introdução de genes exógenos de forma controlada no genoma de uma célula vegetal e posterior regeneração da planta transgênica, tem contribuído com os programas de melhoramento genético de plantas pela obtenção de genótipos com novas características de interesse. O melhoramento de espécies florestais é limitado por características intrínsecas a tais espécies, como a altura dos indivíduos e o ciclo longo de vida. A transformação genética constitui, po...

Modification of Food Systems by Ultrasound

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L. M. Carrillo-Lopez

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This review describes the mechanism, operation, and recent potential applications of ultrasound in various food systems, as well as the physical and chemical effects of ultrasound treatments on the conservation and modification of different groups of food. Acoustic energy has been recognized as an emerging technology with great potential for applications in the food industry. The phenomenon of acoustic cavitation, which modifies the physical, chemical, and functional properties of food, can be used to improve existing processes and to develop new ones. The combination of ultrasonic energy with a sanitizing agent can improve the effect of microbial reduction in foods and, thereby, their quality. Finally, it is concluded that the use of ultrasound in food is a very promising area of research; however, more research is still needed before applying this technology in a wider range of industrial sectors.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA class I restricted epitope discovery in yellow fewer and dengue viruses: importance of HLA binding strength.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ole Lund

Full Text Available Epitopes from all available full-length sequences of yellow fever virus (YFV and dengue fever virus (DENV restricted by Human Leukocyte Antigen class I (HLA-I alleles covering 12 HLA-I supertypes were predicted using the NetCTL algorithm. A subset of 179 predicted YFV and 158 predicted DENV epitopes were selected using the EpiSelect algorithm to allow for optimal coverage of viral strains. The selected predicted epitopes were synthesized and approximately 75% were found to bind the predicted restricting HLA molecule with an affinity, K(D, stronger than 500 nM. The immunogenicity of 25 HLA-A*02:01, 28 HLA-A*24:02 and 28 HLA-B*07:02 binding peptides was tested in three HLA-transgenic mice models and led to the identification of 17 HLA-A*02:01, 4 HLA-A*2402 and 4 HLA-B*07:02 immunogenic peptides. The immunogenic peptides bound HLA significantly stronger than the non-immunogenic peptides. All except one of the immunogenic peptides had K(D below 100 nM and the peptides with K(D below 5 nM were more likely to be immunogenic. In addition, all the immunogenic peptides that were identified as having a high functional avidity had K(D below 20 nM. A*02:01 transgenic mice were also inoculated twice with the 17DD YFV vaccine strain. Three of the YFV A*02:01 restricted peptides activated T-cells from the infected mice in vitro. All three peptides that elicited responses had an HLA binding affinity of 2 nM or less. The results indicate the importance of the strength of HLA binding in shaping the immune response.

Defective i6A37 modification of mitochondrial and cytosolic tRNAs results from pathogenic mutations in TRIT1 and its substrate tRNA.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

John W Yarham

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Identifying the genetic basis for mitochondrial diseases is technically challenging given the size of the mitochondrial proteome and the heterogeneity of disease presentations. Using next-generation exome sequencing, we identified in a patient with severe combined mitochondrial respiratory chain defects and corresponding perturbation in mitochondrial protein synthesis, a homozygous p.Arg323Gln mutation in TRIT1. This gene encodes human tRNA isopentenyltransferase, which is responsible for i6A37 modification of the anticodon loops of a small subset of cytosolic and mitochondrial tRNAs. Deficiency of i6A37 was previously shown in yeast to decrease translational efficiency and fidelity in a codon-specific manner. Modelling of the p.Arg323Gln mutation on the co-crystal structure of the homologous yeast isopentenyltransferase bound to a substrate tRNA, indicates that it is one of a series of adjacent basic side chains that interact with the tRNA backbone of the anticodon stem, somewhat removed from the catalytic center. We show that patient cells bearing the p.Arg323Gln TRIT1 mutation are severely deficient in i6A37 in both cytosolic and mitochondrial tRNAs. Complete complementation of the i6A37 deficiency of both cytosolic and mitochondrial tRNAs was achieved by transduction of patient fibroblasts with wild-type TRIT1. Moreover, we show that a previously-reported pathogenic m.7480A>G mt-tRNASer(UCN mutation in the anticodon loop sequence A36A37A38 recognised by TRIT1 causes a loss of i6A37 modification. These data demonstrate that deficiencies of i6A37 tRNA modification should be considered a potential mechanism of human disease caused by both nuclear gene and mitochondrial DNA mutations while providing insight into the structure and function of TRIT1 in the modification of cytosolic and mitochondrial tRNAs.

Specialty pharmacies and other restricted drug distribution systems: financial and safety considerations for patients and health-system pharmacists.

Science.gov (United States)

Kirschenbaum, Bonnie E

2009-12-15

To discuss the role of restricted drug distribution systems in the implementation of risk evaluation and mitigation strategies (REMS), health-system pharmacists' concerns associated with the use of specialty pharmacies and other restricted drug distribution systems, reimbursement policies for high-cost specialty drugs, supply chain models for traditional and specialty drugs, and emerging trends in the management of and reimbursement for specialty pharmaceuticals. Restricted drug distribution systems established by pharmaceutical manufacturers, specialty pharmacies, or other specialty suppliers may be a component of REMS, which are required by the Food and Drug Administration for the management of known or potential serious risks from certain drugs. Concerns of health-system pharmacists using specialty suppliers include access to pharmaceuticals, operational challenges, product integrity, financial implications, continuity of care, and patient safety. An ambulatory care patient taking a specialty drug product from home to a hospital outpatient clinic or inpatient setting for administration, a practice known as "brown bagging," raises concerns about product integrity and institutional liability. An institution's finances, tolerance for liability, and ability to skillfully manage the processes involved often determine its choice between an approach that prohibits brown bagging but is costly and one that permits the practice under certain conditions and is less costly. The recent shift from a traditional supply chain model to a specialty pharmacy supply chain model for high-cost pharmaceuticals has the potential to increase pharmaceutical costs for health systems. A dialogue is needed between health-system pharmacists and group purchasing organizations to address the latter's role in mitigating the financial implications of this change and to help clarify the safety issues. Some health plans have shifted part of the cost of expensive drugs to patients by establishing a

Melostelis gen. nov., espécies novas e notas complementares sobre Anthidiini (Hymenoptera, Apidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Danúncia Urban

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Melostelis gen. nov., espécies novas e notas complementares sobre Anthidiini (Hymenoptera, Apidae. Melostelis gen. nov. é proposto para um novo Anthidiini cleptoparasita. São descritas e ilustradas duas espécies novas: Melostelis amazonensis sp. nov. de Manaus, Amazonas e Larocanthidium chacoense sp. nov. de Porto Murtinho, Mato Grosso do Sul. São dados a conhecer os machos de Epanthidium bolivianum Urban, 1995 e Epanthidium araranguense Urban, 2006 e, registrados pela primeira vez no Brasil, na sub-região do chaco, Ketianthidium zanolae Urban, 2000 e Epanthidium bolivianum.

Branchiura sowerbyi (Oligochaeta, Naididae) como espécie-teste em bioensaios ecotoxicológicos

OpenAIRE

Haroldo Lobo dos Santos Nascimento

2014-01-01

Estudos com oligoquetas aquáticos aplicados à ecotoxicologia são quase inexistentes no Brasil, embora diversas agências reguladoras já tenham demonstrado interesse na inclusão da espécie Branchiura sowerbyi (Oligochaeta, Naididae) em protocolos de monitoramento de ambientes aquáticos tropicais. Com o objetivo de ampliar o conhecimento sobre o potencial de utilização desta espécie em ensaios ecotoxicológicos, efetuou-se ampla revisão bibliográfica entre 1950 e 2012, verificando-se discrepância...

Restrictive extraocular myopathy: A presenting feature of acromegaly

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Steven Heireman

2011-01-01

Full Text Available A 45-year-old man presented with binocular diplopia in primary gaze for 1 year. Orthoptic evaluation showed 10-prism diopter right eye hypotropia and 6-prism diopter right eye esotropia. The elevation and abduction of the right eye were mechanically restricted. This was associated with systemic features suggestive of acromegaly. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI of the brain demonstrated a pituitary macroadenoma. An elevated serum insulin-like growth factor I level and the failure of growth hormone suppression after an oral glucose load biochemically confirmed the diagnosis of acromegaly. Computed tomography (CT of the orbit demonstrated bilateral symmetrical enlargement of the medial rectus and inferior rectus muscle bellies. All tests regarding Graves-Basedow disease were negative. Although rare, diplopia due to a restrictive extraocular myopathy could be the presenting symptom of acromegaly.

Modifications in agricultural and animal breeding current operations to reduce the contamination of food chains

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maubert, Henry; Renard, Philippe

1997-01-01

After a nuclear accident it is compulsory to reduce as much as possible the population exposure to radioactive aerosols deposed upon soils and different surfaces. The radio-agronomic countermeasures are protection directives applicable to the agricultural system and agro-alimentary chain which enable to implement this commandment. Their intrinsic and cumulated efficiency, the conditions and preoccupations of implementation are now better recognized especially now by their large scale application after the Chernobyl accident. As modifications in the current agricultural operation two procedures are mentioned: the rehabilitation techniques and the utilization of adjuvants. Concerning modifications in the current animal breeding methodology in the specific conditions of animal production and restricted pasturage there are discussed methods of diminishing the metabolic transfer to milk and meat and removing radioactivity by proper and simpler agro-alimentary processing and culinary preparations

Components of Task-Based Needs Analysis of the ESP Learners with the Specialization of Business and Tourism

Science.gov (United States)

Poghosyan, Naira

2016-01-01

In the following paper we shall thoroughly analyze the target learning needs of the learners within an ESP (English for Specific Purposes) context. The main concerns of ESP have always been and remain with the needs analysis, text analysis and preparing learners to communicate effectively in the tasks prescribed by their study or work situation.…

Hinged and sectional complete dentures for restricted mouth opening: A case report and review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aditi Sharma

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Restricted mouth opening is a definite prosthodontic hindrance to carry out treatment successfully. Restricted mouth opening can be due to many reasons such as microstomia, oral submucous fibrosis, some genetic disorder, and as a result of some surgical treatment. In the past, various techniques for prosthetic rehabilitation of limited oral opening have been tried such as surgeries, use of dynamic opening devices, magnetic devices, and modification of denture design. Here we present; a simplified technique and simple design for fabrication of maxillary hinged and mandibular hinged and sectional complete denture for a patient with restricted mouth opening due to oral submucous fibrosis.

High-current heavy-ion accelerator system and its application to material modification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kishimoto, Naoki; Takeda, Yoshihiko; Lee, C.G.; Umeda, Naoki; Okubo, Nariaki; Iwamoto, Eiji

2001-01-01

A high-current heavy-ion accelerator system has been developed to realize intense particle fluxes for material modification. The facility of a tandem accelerator attained 1 mA-class ion current both for negative low-energy ions and positive high-energy ions. The negative ion source of the key device is of the plasma-sputter type, equipped with mutli-cusp magnets and Cs supply. The intense negative ions are either directly used for material irradiation at 60 keV or further accelerated up to 6 MeV after charge transformation. Application of negative ions, which alleviates surface charging, enables us to conduct low-energy high-current irradiation on insulating substrates. Since positive ions above the MeV range are irrelevant for Coulomb repulsion, the facility as a whole meets the needs of high-current irradiation onto insulators over a wide energy range. Application of high flux ions provides technological merits not only for efficient implantation but also for essentially different material kinetics, which may become an important tool of material modification. Other advantages of the system are co-irradiation by intense laser and in-situ detection of kinetic processes. For examples of material modifications, we present nanoparticle fabrication in insulators, and synergistic phenomena by co-irradiation due to ions and photons. (author)

ESP AS A CHALLENGE TO CONFRONT – A CASE STUDY OF TECHNICAL ENGLISH IN A PRE-INTERMEDIATE LEVEL UNIVERSITY CLASSROOM

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LUSTIGOVÁ, Lenka

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Drowned in explosive amounts of information, new technology developments, globalisation, international job opportunities and large-scale job migration, ESP courses are faced with the increasing requirement of tailoring language-learning to accommodate employer/employee specialisations. This dynamism is currently being transmitted to courses at the university level, along with the accompanying challenges for all involved. This paper reviews these potential barriers to implementation of ESP courses for students with low proficiency of English, taking a pre-intermediate-level Technical English course at the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague as a case study. After analysing various scholarly references aimed at ESP, the classroom-based research for this paper confirms the feasibility and efficacy of implementing ESP and TE, in particular, even into pre-intermediate classrooms. The self-motivating design of 6 TASKS, as well as authentic video sessions, combined with a student survey and teacher observations, all serve to point to ESP introduction on the pre-intermediate level as achievable in terms of application and resourceful regarding future life-career situations in which students will eventually find themselves.

Crescimento de espécies forrageiras tropicais submetidas a diferentes períodos de alagamento

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Haddade Ismail Ramalho

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O experimento foi realizado no período de janeiro a julho de 1996, com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento de três espécies forrageiras (Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria mutica e Setaria anceps cultivadas em vasos, sob duas situações de manejo (com e sem o corte anterior aos tratamentos e seis diferentes condições (10, 20 e 30 dias, com e sem alagamento. Para as avaliações de crescimento, foram analisadas as produções de matéria seca de folhas, caule e material morto, em dois cortes, referentes ao primeiro crescimento e à rebrota das plantas nos vasos. Durante o período experimental, foram medidos os comprimentos dos perfilhos principais (Oliveira,1989, além do número de folhas presentes, em medições a cada sete dias, em duas plantas por vaso. Os resultados não foram diferentes nas duas situações, encontrando-se algumas diferenças para a S. anceps (espécie cespitosa. A B. mutica foi a espécie mais adaptada, não tendo modificado seu crescimento, mesmo nos maiores períodos de inundação. Essas duas espécies foram superiores à B. decumbens, pouco adaptada às inundações.

Estudio de los hábitos de consumo de espárragos de los consumidores de la zona productora y de Pamplona

OpenAIRE

Garde Adrián, Andrea

2010-01-01

Actualmente la situación del “Espárrago de Navarra” atraviesa un mal momento debido a la intrusión en el mercado español de espárragos procedentes de países como China y Perú, que debido a sus bajos precios de coste han provocado que la demanda del “Espárrago de Navarra” disminuyera, hasta el punto de que muchos agricultores se vieran obligados a abandonar sus esparragueras. En el presente trabajo se va reflejar exactamente la situación actual del “Espárrago de Navarra” e...

Lista das espécies de Ropalomeridae, Sphaeroceridae e Ulidiidae (Diptera, Acalyptratae do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

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Karla Pessôa Tepedino

Full Text Available RESUMO Neste trabalho é apresentada uma lista de espécies de Ropalomeridae, Sphaeroceridae e Ulidiidae registradas no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Ropalomeridae é representada por oito espécies distribuídas em quatro gêneros: Dactylissa Fischer (1, Kroeberia Lindner (1, Ropalomera Wiedemann (5 e Willistoniella Mik (1. Apenas uma espécie de Sphaeroceridae possui registro para o estado: Neosphaerocera flavicoxa (Malloch, 1925, assim como de Ulidiidae: Notogramma cimiciforme Loew, 1868.

Hepatozoon canis infecting dogs in the State of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Spolidorio, Mariana G; Labruna, Marcelo B; Zago, Augusto M; Donatele, Dirlei M; Caliari, Késia M; Yoshinari, Natalino H

2009-08-26

From May 2007 to March 2008, blood samples were collected from 92 healthy dogs living in 21 households (17 farms in rural area, and 4 homes in urban area) in 6 counties of the State of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. In addition, ticks were collected from these dogs. A mean of 4.4+/-3.0 dogs (range: 1-12) were sampled per household; 78 and 14 dogs were from rural and urban areas, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) designed to amplify fragments of the 18S rDNA gene of Babesia spp or Hepatozoon spp revealed amplicons of the expected size in 20 (21.7%) dogs for Babesia, and 54 (58.7%) dogs for Hepatozoon. All Babesia-positive dogs were also Hepatozoon-positive. Among the 21 households, 15 (71.4%) from 3 counties had at least one PCR-positive dog, including 13 farms (rural area) and 2 homes (urban area). A total of 40 PCR products from the Hepatozoon-PCR, and 19 products from the Babesia-PCR were submitted to DNA sequencing. All generated sequences from Hepatozoon-PCR were identical to each other, and to corresponding 18S rDNA sequences of H. canis in GenBank. Surprisingly, all generated sequences from the Babesia PCR were also identical to corresponding 18S rDNA sequences of H. canis in GenBank. Dogs from 10 rural and 2 urban households were found infested by Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. Immature of Amblyomma cajennense ticks were found in dogs from only 4 rural households (also infested by R. sanguineus). All but one household with R. sanguineus-infested dogs had at least one Hepatozoon-infected dog. Statistical analysis showed that the presence of ticks (i.e. R. sanguineus) infesting dogs in the households was significantly (P0.05) between PCR-positive dogs and urban or rural households. Canine hepatozoonosis caused by H. canis is a high frequent infection in Espírito Santo, Brazil, where it is possibly vectored by R. sanguineus. Since all infected dogs were found apparently healthy, the pathogenicity of H. canis for dogs in Espírito Santo is

Success of behaviour modification in a child with Asperger's syndrome

OpenAIRE

Šteh, Urška

2012-01-01

The topic of this degree dissertation is the success rate of behaviour modification in a child with the autistic spectrum disorder Asperger’s syndrome. I decided to pursue this subject based on my work in a kindergarten, where I became acquainted with a boy with Asperger’s syndrome. The issue I encountered was that I could find no sources where the method of behaviour modification was implemented with persons that have Asperger’s syndrome. For this reason I decided to determine, by using...

Protein covalent modification by biologically active quinones

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MIROSLAV J. GASIC

2004-11-01

Full Text Available The avarone/avarol quinone/hydroquinone couple shows considerable antitumor activity. In this work, covalent modification of b-lactoglobulin by avarone and its derivatives as well as by the synthetic steroidal quinone 2,5(10-estradiene-1,4,17-trione and its derivatives were studied. The techniques for studying chemical modification of b-lactoglobulin by quinones were: UV/Vis spectrophotometry, SDS PAGE and isoelectrofocusing. SDS PAGE results suggest that polymerization of the protein occurs. It could be seen that the protein of 18 kD gives the bands of 20 kD, 36 kD, 40 kD, 45 kD, 64 kD and 128 kD depending on modification agent. The shift of the pI of the protein (5.4 upon modification toward lower values (from pI 5.0 to 5.3 indicated that lysine amino groups are the principal site of the reaction of b-lactoglobulin with the quinones.

Effects of Cognitive Bias Modification Training via Smartphones

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Ranming Yang

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Background and Objectives: Negative cognitive biases have been linked to anxiety and mood problems. Accumulated data from laboratory studies show that positive and negative interpretation styles with accompanying changes in mood can be induced through cognitive bias modification (CBM paradigms. Despite the therapeutic potential of positive training effects, few studies have explored training paradigms administered via smartphones. The current study aimed to compare the effectiveness of three different types of training programmes (cognitive bias modification-attention, CBM-A; cognitive bias modification-interpretation, CBM-I; attention and interpretation modification, AIM administered via smart-phones by using a control condition (CC.Methods:Seventy-six undergraduate participants with high social anxiety (Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, LSAS ≥ 30 were randomly assigned to four groups: CBM-A (n = 20, CBM-I (n = 20, AIM (n = 16, and CC (n = 20.Results: The results showed that the effects of CBM training, CBM-I training, or AIM training vs. CC for attention yielded no significant differences in dot-probe attention bias scores. The CBM-I group showed significantly less threat interpretation and more benign interpretation than the CC group on interpretation bias scores.Conclusions: The present results supported the feasibility of delivering CBM-I via smartphones, but the effectiveness of CBM-A and AIM training via smartphones was limited.

Exposure and acute exposure-effects before and after modification of a contaminated humidification system in a synthetic-fibre plant

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pal, TM; de Monchy, JGR; Groothoff, JW; Post, D

Objective: Follow-up study of exposure and acute exposure-effects after modification to steam humidification of a contaminated cold water system which had caused an outbreak of humidifier fever in a synthetic-fibre plant. Methods: Before and after modification of the system aerobiological

Modification of General Research Corporation (GRC) Dynatup 8200 Drop Tower Rebounding Brake System

Science.gov (United States)

2016-08-01

Rebounding Brake System by David Gray, Robert Kaste, and Bradley Lawrence Approved for public release; distribution is...Research Laboratory Modification of General Research Corporation (GRC) Dynatup 8200 Drop Tower Rebounding Brake System by David Gray and...Research Corporation (GRC) Dynatup 8200 Drop Tower Rebounding Brake System 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6

Between the ESP Classroom and the Workplace: Bridging the Gap

Science.gov (United States)

Bouzidi, Hassan

2009-01-01

Since the launch of far-reaching higher education reforms several years ago, many institutions across Morocco have begun revamping their English for Special Purposes (ESP) programs to bring them in line with the needs of local employers. These reforms recognize the correlation between what students learn in class and success in their future…

As ciências naturais e as ciências do espírito na era da globalização

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Jaeschke, Walter

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo, o autor apresenta, primeiramente, reflexões de cunho histórico sobre a relação entre as Ciências Naturais e as Ciências do Espírito, seguidas de observações, de caráter mais sistemático, sobre o conceito das próprias Ciências do Espírito. Com fundamento nessas observações, tece algumas reflexões sobre até que ponto podemos esperar da globalização efeitos sobre as Ciências Naturais e as Ciências do Espírito

Impact of feed spacer and membrane modification by hydrophilic, bactericidal and biocidal coating on biofouling control

KAUST Repository

Araújo, Paula A.

2012-06-01

The influence of polydopamine- and polydopamine-. graft-poly(ethylene glycol)-coated feed spacers and membranes, copper-coated feed spacers, and commercially-available biostatic feed spacers on biofouling has been studied in membrane fouling simulators. Feed spacers and membranes applied in practical membrane filtration systems were used; biofouling development was monitored by feed channel pressure drop increase and biomass accumulation. Polydopamine and polydopamine-. g-PEG are hydrophilic surface modification agents expected to resist protein and bacterial adhesion, while copper feed spacer coatings and biocides infused in feed spacers are expected to restrict biological growth. Our studies showed that polydopamine and polydopamine-. g-PEG coatings on feed spacers and membranes, copper coatings on feed spacers, and a commercial biostatic feed spacer did not have a significant impact on feed channel pressure drop increase and biofilm accumulation as measured by ATP and TOC content. The studied spacer and membrane modifications were not effective for biofouling control; it is doubtful that feed spacer and membrane modification, in general, may be effective for biofouling control regardless of the type of applied coating. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

Permit application modifications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-11-01

This document contains the Permit Application Modifications for the Y-12 Industrial Landfill V site on the Oak Ridge Reservation. These modifications include the assessment of stability of the proposed Landfill V under static and loading conditions. Analyses performed include the general slope stability, veneer stability of the bottom liner and cover system, and a liquefaction potential assessment of the foundation soils.

Permit application modifications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1995-11-01

This document contains the Permit Application Modifications for the Y-12 Industrial Landfill V site on the Oak Ridge Reservation. These modifications include the assessment of stability of the proposed Landfill V under static and loading conditions. Analyses performed include the general slope stability, veneer stability of the bottom liner and cover system, and a liquefaction potential assessment of the foundation soils

Reduced Insulin/Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Signaling and Dietary Restriction Inhibit Translation but Preserve Muscle Mass in <i>Caenorhabditis elegansi>

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Depuydt, Geert; Xie, Fang; Petyuk, Vladislav A.; Shanmugam, Nilesh; Smolders, Arne; Dhondt, Ineke; Brewer, Heather M.; Camp, David G.; Smith, Richard D.; Braeckman, Bart P.

2013-09-03

Reduced signaling through the C. elegans insulin/IGF1 like tyrosine kinase receptor daf2 and dietary restriction via bacterial dilution are two well-characterized lifespan-extending interventions that operate in parallel or through (partially) independent mechanisms. Using accurate mass and time tag LCMS/MS quantitative proteomics we detected that the abundance of a large number of ribosomal subunits is decreased in response to dietary restriction as well as in the daf2(e1370) insulin/IGF1 receptor mutant. In addition, general protein synthesis levels in these long-lived worms are repressed. Surprisingly, ribosomal transcript levels were not correlated to actual protein abundance, suggesting that posttranscriptional regulation determines ribosome content. Proteomics also revealed increased presence of many structural muscle cell components in long-lived worms, which appears to result from prioritized preservation of muscle cell volume in nutrient-poor conditions or low insulin-like signaling. Activation of DAF16, but not diet-restriction, stimulates mRNA expression of muscle-related genes to prevent muscle atrophy. Important daf2 specific proteome changes include overexpression of aerobic metabolism enzymes and a general activation of stress responsive and immune defense systems, while increased abundance of many protein subunits of the proteasome core complex is a DR-specific characteristic.

The Genetic Basis of Constitutive and Herbivore-Induced ESP-Independent Nitrile Formation in Arabidopsis1[W][OA

Science.gov (United States)

Burow, Meike; Losansky, Anja; Müller, René; Plock, Antje; Kliebenstein, Daniel J.; Wittstock, Ute

2009-01-01

Glucosinolates are a group of thioglucosides that are components of an activated chemical defense found in the Brassicales. Plant tissue damage results in hydrolysis of glucosinolates by endogenous thioglucosidases known as myrosinases. Spontaneous rearrangement of the aglucone yields reactive isothiocyanates that are toxic to many organisms. In the presence of specifier proteins, alternative products, namely epithionitriles, simple nitriles, and thiocyanates with different biological activities, are formed at the expense of isothiocyanates. Recently, simple nitriles were recognized to serve distinct functions in plant-insect interactions. Here, we show that simple nitrile formation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ecotype Columbia-0 rosette leaves increases in response to herbivory and that this increase is independent of the known epithiospecifier protein (ESP). We combined phylogenetic analysis, a screen of Arabidopsis mutants, recombinant protein characterization, and expression quantitative trait locus mapping to identify a gene encoding a nitrile-specifier protein (NSP) responsible for constitutive and herbivore-induced simple nitrile formation in Columbia-0 rosette leaves. AtNSP1 is one of five Arabidopsis ESP homologues that promote simple nitrile, but not epithionitrile or thiocyanate, formation. Four of these homologues possess one or two lectin-like jacalin domains, which share a common ancestry with the jacalin domains of the putative Arabidopsis myrosinase-binding proteins MBP1 and MBP2. A sixth ESP homologue lacked specifier activity and likely represents the ancestor of the gene family with a different biochemical function. By illuminating the genetic and biochemical bases of simple nitrile formation, our study provides new insights into the evolution of metabolic diversity in a complex plant defense system. PMID:18987211

Central nervous system involvement in mantle cell lymphoma : clinical features, prognostic factors and outcomes from the European Mantle Cell Lymphoma Network

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cheah, C. Y.; George, A.; Gine, E.; Chiappella, A.; Kluin-Nelemans, H. C.; Jurczak, W.; Krawczyk, K.; Mocikova, H.; Klener, P.; Salek, D.; Walewski, J.; Szymczyk, M.; Smolej, L.; Auer, R. L.; Ritchie, D. S.; Arcaini, L.; Williams, M. E.; Dreyling, M.; Seymour, J. F.

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is uncommon, and the manifestations and natural history are not well described. We present the data on 57 patients with MCL who developed CNS involvement, from a database of 1396 consecutively treated patients at 14 institutions.

Sistema reprodutivo e polinização de Lepidagathis sessilifolia (Pohl Kameyama ex Wassh. & J.R.I. Wood (Acanthaceae, em remanescente florestal da região sudoeste de Mato Grosso, Brasil Breeding system and pollination of Lepidagathis sessilifolia (Pohl Kameyama Wassh ex. & J.R.I.Wood (Acanthaceae in remnant forest in the southwest region of Mato Grosso, Brazil

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Celice Alexandre Silva

2012-09-01

Full Text Available O gênero Lepidagathis apresenta distribuição pantropical com cerca de 100 espécies. No Brasil ocorrem 16 espécies, a maioria nas regiões Centro - Oeste e Sudeste. O estudo foi realizado em sub - bosque de remanescente florestal do município de Tangará da Serra - MT e teve como objetivo analisar a fenologia de floração, descrever a morfologia e biologia floral, verificar os visitantes florais e avaliar o sistema e o sucesso reprodutivo por meio de polinizações manuais. Lepidagathis sessilifolia apresenta inflorescências espiciformes, terminais, com cálice de cor rósea vistosa e corola de coloração branco-rósea. A floração ficou restrita aos meses de março a abril, durante a estação chuvosa. A senescência floral ocorreu após 24 ou 48 horas. A viabilidade dos grãos de pólen foi elevada (92,5%. O único polinizador observado visitando as flores de L. sessilifolia foi a abelha Partamona nhambiquara (Apidae - Meliponini. O sistema reprodutivo misto da espécie é caracterizado pela formação de frutos por meio de agamospermia, autopolinização e polinização cruzada. Esse sistema reprodutivo flexível é vantajoso, pois, garante a manutenção da espécie na área de estudo mesmo na ausência de polinizadores.The genus Lepidagathis has pantropical distribution and about 100 species, 16 occurring in Brazil, mostly in the Midwest and Southeast regions. The research was carried out to evaluate in the understory of a forest remnant in Tangará da Serra County - MT to examine the flowering phenology, describe the floral morphology and biology and verify the floral visitors to evaluate the system and reproductive success through hand pollination tests. Lepidagathis sessilifolia shows spiciform and terminal inflorescence with calyx of pink color and corolla whitish-pink. Flowering was restricted from March to April, during the rainy season. Floral senescence occurred after 24 or 48 hours. The viability of pollen grains was high

Iron ore particles on four seaweed species from Camburi Beach (Espírito Santo state, Brazil

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Cristina Aparecida Gomes Nassar

2006-09-01

Full Text Available The present study estimated the iron-ore concentration found on four species of seaweed. The species tested grow on a site heavily contaminated by this ore, in the city of Vitória, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Under natural conditions, the iron ore reached a temperature 5.0ºC higher than the sand on a sunny day. All the species had iron ore adhered to their fronds. Udotea cyathiformis was the species with the highest iron-ore concentration varing from 0.07 to 0.90 g wet weight, followed by Lobophora variegata (from 0.07 to 0.62 g wet weight, Padina gymnospora (from 0.08 to 0.55 g wet weight and Ulva fasciata (from 0.05 to 0.25 g wet weight. Even after four changes of water over a 12-hour period, the fronds still had particles adhered to their outside cell wall. All the species showed similar tendencies to release the iron, with the highest percentage of particles (40 to 60% released in the first change of water.Minério de ferro particulado sobre quatro macroalgas da Praia de Camburi (Estado do Espírito Santo-Brasil. O presente trabalho determinou a concentração de minério de ferro presente em quatro macroalgas. As espécies testadas ocorrem em um local extremamente contaminado por este particulado, na cidade de Vitória, Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Sob condições naturais, o minério de ferro alcançou um temperatura de até 5,0ºC acima da temperatura da areia em um dia ensolarado.Todas as espécies estudadas apresentavam minério em suas paredes externas. A espécie Udotea cyathiformis apresentou a maior concentração de minério em sua fronde variando de 0,07 a 0,90 g massa úmida, seguida por Lobophora variegata (de 0,07 a 0,62 g massa úmida, Padina gymnospora (de 0,08 a 0,55 g massa úmida e Ulva fasciata (de 0,05 a 0,25 g massa úmida. Mesmo após sucessivas trocas de água, as frondes ainda apresentavam partículas aderidas às suas paredes celulares externas. As espécies apresentaram a mesma tendência de libera

Vocal Modification Abilities and Brain Structures in Parrots – how do they Correlate?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Harpøth, Solveig Walløe

are among the most encephalized birds and posses excellent vocal imitation abilities. This along with their complex fission-­fusion societies and thereby dynamic use of communication make parrots unparalleled as a model system for the neurobiology behind vocal learning. This PhD thesis is based on three...... independent studies where I 1) compare the level of vocal complexity (i.e. modification of the contact call in response to playback stimuli) with the social complexity of four different parrot species, 2) correlate the vocal modification ability of parrots with a brain region involved in vocal learning, i...... and the peach-faced lovebird with a brain nucleus, MO, involved in vocal learning. We show that the species with the highest level of vocal complexity (i.e. the peach-fronted conure) was also the species with the largest volume of MO and the highest number of neurons in MO. The budgerigar had the smallest...

The current challenges of teaching ESP

Science.gov (United States)

Fălăuş, A.

2017-05-01

Although the status of lingua franca can easily be claimed by English nowadays, there are always plenty of challenges involved in the process of teaching a foreign language. The simple mastering of the four skills (reading, writing, listening and speaking) and the acquisition of general grammar and vocabulary may not be enough in some circumstances. ESP focuses on the specific needs of the learners, concentrating more on language in context and on the students’ need to acquire a set of professional skills and particular job-related functions. This paper, consequently, focuses on identifying the current challenges that teachers and students may encounter in the process of teaching and learning English for Specific Purposes.

Experience of secondary cooling system modification at prototype fast breeder reactor MONJU (Translated document)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kisohara, Naoyuki; Sakamoto, Yoshihiko

2010-09-01

The prototype fast breeder reactor MONJU has been shut down since the secondary sodium leak accident that occurred in December 1995. After the accident, an investigation into the cause and a comprehensive safety review of the plant were conducted, and various countermeasures for sodium leak were examined. Modification work commenced in September 2005. Since sodium, a chemically active material, is used as coolant in MONJU, the modification work required work methods suitable for the handling of sodium. From this perspective, the use of a plastic bag when opening the sodium boundary, oxygen concentration control in a plastic bag, slightly-positive pressure control of cover gas in the systems, pressing and cutting with a roller cutter to prevent the incorporation of metal fillings, etc. were adopted, with careful consideration given to experience and findings from previous modification work at the experimental fast reactor JOYO and plants abroad. Owing to these work methods, the modification work proceeded close to schedule without incident. (author)

Georgian Welfare State: Preliminary Study Based on Esping-Andersen’s Typology

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Magda Asatiani

2017-12-01

Full Text Available This study aims to examine the welfare state of Georgia according to the Esping-Andersen’s typology and to justify the theory of “(instable welfare states”. This article analyses different aspects of wellbeing (pension and healthcare systems, labour-market policy and family benefits in Georgia during the period of 1991-2013. The research shows the diversity of policies in different fields of social care. The results revealed that Georgian health and labour-market policies can be classified as liberal ones, while the pension system – as a social-democratic one, and finally the family benefits policy – as a conservative one. Thus, the theory of (instable welfare state can be justified in this case and Georgian state overall can be qualified as a country with a hybrid and instable social policy. However, further research is needed for the final confirmation (or rejection of this theory, once the current policy reforms, started back in 2013, would be fully implemented.

Restricted and disrupted sleep : Effects on autonomic function, neuroendocrine stress systems and stress responsivity

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Meerlo, Peter; Sgoifo, Andrea; Suchecki, Deborah

2008-01-01

Frequently disrupted and restricted sleep is a common problem for many people in our modern around-the-clock society. In this context, it is an important question how sleep loss affects the stress systems in our bodies since these systems enable us to deal with everyday challenges. Altered activity

Preços de commodities e nível de atividade em uma pequena economia aberta: evidências empíricas para o estado do Espírito Santo Commodity prices and activity level in a small open economy: empirical evidence for the State of Espírito Santo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Matheus Albergaria de Magalhães

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho propõe-se a mensurar, empiricamente, os efeitos de variações nos preços de commodities sobre o nível de atividade do estado do Espírito Santo ao longo do tempo, assim como a comparar os impactos desses preços sobre a economia estadual vis-à-vis à economia nacional e demais estados brasileiros. Os resultados obtidos permitem identificar cinco padrões empíricos distintos: (i por conta de seu alto grau de abertura, o estado do Espírito Santo sente mais intensamente os impactos de choques nos preços de commodities do que o Brasil e outros estados; (ii resultados de testes de Granger-causalidade demonstram que preços de commodities exercem um padrão de precedência temporal sobre os níveis de atividade estadual e nacional; (iii padrão semelhante de precedência temporal também ocorre no caso de amplo conjunto de variáveis econômicas relacionadas ao estado do Espírito Santo; (iv um choque positivo nos preços de commodities faz com que o nível de atividade estadual aumente inicialmente, sofrendo uma contração em seguida, para então apresentar um aumento permanente em relação a seu nível original no longo prazo; (v resultados de um exercício de decomposição da variância demonstram que, em média, os impactos quantitativos de choques nos preços de commodities são maiores no caso estadual do que no caso nacional. Esses resultados são robustos a diversas questões de especificação, como o uso de diferentes transformações estacionárias dos dados e de distintos números de defasagens empregados em testes de Granger-causalidade. São importantes no sentido de gerarem melhor compreensão dos efeitos de oscilações nos preços de commodities sobre uma pequena economia aberta, conforme parece ser o caso do Espírito Santo.This paper aims to measure the effects of commodity price variations on output fluctuations over time in the State of Espírito Santo. The impacts of these prices on the State

Isolamento de microssatélites de espécies madeireiras no contexto da sustentabilidade genética no manejo florestal

OpenAIRE

VINSON, Christina Cleo

2004-01-01

Aborda isolamento de microssatélites de espécies madeireiras no contexto da sustentabilidade genética no manejo florestal com o objetivo de isolar e caracterizar uma bateria de marcadores microssatélites para espécies arbóreas da Floresta Amazônica: Jacaranda copaia, Bagassa guianensis e Dipteryx odorata. Estes estudos vem sendo realizados como parte do projeto Dendrogene, e as análises genéticas populacionais posteriores fornecerão subsídios para conservação e manejo sustentável destas espéc...

Seed morphology of Iberian species of the genus <i>Aconitum> L.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Molero, Julià

1990-12-01

cél-lules umbil-licals, són els que es mostren més útils per discriminar els tàxons i els que proporcionen més informació filogenètica. Els resultats Que s'exposen coincideixen, en línies generals, amb els d'altres autors (Seitz, 1969; Cappeletti & Poldini, 1984. Es presenten, tan mateix, discrepàncies importants pel que fa a la morfologia seminal, en especial de l'ornamentació de l'episperma, en les espècies <i>A. anthora. A. Napellusi> s.l., <i>A. Burnatiii> i <i>A. vulpariai> subsp. <i>ranunculifolium>. Es presenta, sovint, polimorfisme seminal en les diferentes poblacions, amades geogràficament, d'una mateixa espècie o subspècie. tant en el context ibèric com d'Europa central i meridional. Es conclou que aquest polimorfisme és una manifestació més de la plasticitat fe no típica del gènere, particularment intensa en tes espècies colonitzadores d'àmplia valència ecològica (<i>A . napellusi>, s.l.; <i>A. vulpariai>. s.l., possiblement conseqüència de la deriva genètica de les poblacions.

Bibliography of Soviet Laser Developments, Number 44 November - December 1979.

Science.gov (United States)

1980-08-13

from quantum noise. Acta physica polonica , v. A44, no. 6, 1979, 945-948. (RZhF, 11/79, 1ID1396) 196. Izraylev, F.M., and D.L. Shepelyanskiy (79...thermodynamics for matter plus radiation system with quadrupole interactions. Acta physica polonica , v. A55, no. 3, 1979, 413-417. (RZhF, 11/79...PSS (PSSAB) Physica Status Solidi (A). Applied Research (PSSBB) Physica Status Solidi (B). Basic Research r£i. (PRTEA) Pribory i tekhnika eksperimenta

Evolução do uso e valorização das espécies madeiráveis da Floresta Estacional Decidual do Alto-Uruguai, SC.

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Ademir Roberto Ruschel

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Com base nas informações coletadas em 41 entrevistas feitas junto a madeireiros, ex-madeireiros e colonizadores, determinou-se quais as espécies potencialmente madeiráveis, o valor de uso e a valorização econômica das espécies madeiráveis para os remanescentes da Floresta Estacional Decidual na região do Alto--Uruguai, SC, desde o início da colonização daquela região. A diversidade de espécies florestais de uso madeirável conhecida popularmente na região foi de 63 espécies. Contudo, em termos de dominância esse grupo reduz-se a 15 espécies. A maior dominância foi observada para as espécies Apuleia leiocarpa, Parapiptadenia rigida, Balfourodendron riedelianum, Nectandra megapotamica, Patagonula americana, Luehea divaricata, Cedrela fissilis, Ocotea diospyrifolia, Holocalyx balansae, Myrocarpus frondosus, Cabralea canjerana e Peltophorum dubium. As espécies de maior valor comercial foram Cordia trichotoma, Cedrela fissilis, Myrocarpus frondosus e Balfourodendron riedelianum. Já Schefflera morototoni, Aralia warmingiana, Machaerium stipitatum, Chrysophyllum marginatum e várias espécies da família Lauraceae apresentaram, no decorrer do tempo, incremento no uso e na comercialização. O valor de uma espécie é condicionado tanto pela qualidade quanto pela quantidade ofertada. Em geral, verificou-se uma evolução no valor das espécies bem como na indústria madeireira que utilizou várias maneiras para se adaptar às demandas desses produtos florestais.

Restriction of phage T4 internal protein I mutants by a strain of Escherichia coli

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Black, L.W.; Abremski, K.

1974-01-01

Phage T4 internal protein I(IPI), a small (ca, 10,000 MW), basic protein injected into the host with the phage DNA, is not required for infection of most hosts, but mutants defective in IPI are restricted by at least one naturally occurring strain of Escherichia coli, CT 596 (CT). Phages lacking IPI (IPI - ) appear to inject their DNA and bind it to the membrane of CT cells as well as wild-type phage T4 does, but shutoff of host protein synthesis, initiation of T4 protein synthesis, and cell killing are abnormal in the IPI - mutant infected CT host. The injection of IPI appears to be important in allowing T4 DNA to carry out early steps involved in takeover of this host. Restriction of IPI - phage growth by CT cells appears to be due, at least in part, to a defective prophage it harbors which renders the host resistant to successful infection by phage T4 which lack IPI or rII functions. Bacteria cured of this prophage can be infected by mutants defective in these functions. The resistance of CT cells to other coliphages, and the question of T-even phage internal protein diversity are discussed. (U.S.)

An I/O subnet for the APS control system - The BITBUS Universal Gateway

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nawrocki, G.J.; Arnold, N.D.; Hoffberg, M.G.; Winans, J.R.; Benes, S.J.

1993-01-01

The Advanced Photon Source (APS) control system is based on a distributed topology of microprocessor-based Input/Output Controllers (IOCs). Since the cost effectiveness of placing an IOC near every point where an interface to the control system is required may be prohibitive, I/O subnets implemented via message passing network protocols are utilized. For greatest flexibility, such a subnet must support connections to equipment via discrete I/O points, connections to standard interfaces such as GPIB and RS232, and be a practical network for custom-designed interfaces to intelligent equipment. This paper describes the BITBUS Universal Gateway (BUG), a device which supports the different interfaces mentioned above with a connection to a single BITBUS distributed subnet. The BUG utilizes an interchangeable set of circuit boards, which allow for a commonality among interface points, and the ability to use commercially-available modules for I/O. This approach also circumvents several limitations of GPIB and RS232, which restrict their use in industrial, electrically harsh environments, via an implementation of the BITBUS protocol over optical fibers

Implicaciones a México a Bloques Comerciales en el Mercado Mundial del Espárrago

OpenAIRE

Ramón G. Guajardo Quiroga; Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, México

2005-01-01

Este artículo estudia el impacto de la formación de bloques comerciales en el comercio mundial del espárrago (NAFTA y TLCUEM). Se construyó un modelo de equilibrio espacial con precios endógenos y se diseñaron varios escenarios, de los cuales se presentan cuatro, con diversos grados de apertura comercial. Los resultados muestran que los productores mexicanos de espárragos resultan favorecidos con la integración de estos bloques. Sin embargo, en el escenario que modela la eliminación total de ...

Explorative Solid-Phase Extraction (E-SPE) for Accelerated Microbial Natural Product Discovery, Dereplication, and Purification

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Månsson, Maria; Phipps, Richard Kerry; Gram, Lone

2010-01-01

Microbial natural products (NP) cover a high chemical diversity, and in consequence extracts from microorganisms are often complex to analyze and purify. A distribution analysis of calculated pK(a) values from the 34390 records in Antibase2008 revealed that within pH 2-11, 44% of all included......-phase extraction" (E-SPE) protocol using SAX, Oasis MAX, SCX, and LH-20 columns for targeted exploitation of chemical functionalities. E-SPE provides a minimum of fractions (15) for chemical and biological analyses and implicates development into a preparative scale methodology. Overall, this allows fast extract...

Espécies da Caatinga como alternativa para o desenvolvimento de novos fitofármacos

OpenAIRE

Pereira Júnior, Lécio Resende; Andrade, Alberício Pereira de; Araújo, Kallianna Dantas; Barbosa, Alex da Silva; Barbosa, Francisca Maria

2014-01-01

Grande parte do semiárido brasileiro encontra-se em avançado processo de degradação e poucos estudos direcionam seu desenvolvimento em consonância com essa realidade. Diante deste contexto, foi realizado um levantamento etnobotânico, a fim de subsidiar pesquisas sobre fitofármacos ocorrentes em espécies da Caatinga. Para tal, foram aplicados questionários a 256 famílias, visando a documentar o conhecimento local referente às espécies arbustivo-arbóreas utilizadas como medicinais pela populaçã...

Intestinal parasites in a quilombola community of the Northern State of Espírito Santo, Brazil Parasitos intestinais em comunidade quilombola do Norte do Espírito Santo, Brasil

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Schayra Minine Damazio

2013-06-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of intestinal parasites in a quilombola community from the northern Espírito Santo, Brazil. Descendants of slaves who arrived in Brazil in the sixteenth century, this population settled in the municipality of São Mateus in 1858. Fresh fecal samples from 82 individuals who agreed to participate in the study were collected between August 2009 and July 2010, and immediately sent to the Clinical Laboratory of the Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo of the Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo for analysis. Out of all the participants, 36 (43.9% were male and 46 (56.1% were female, whose ages ranged from six to 85 years. The study of the occurrence of intestinal parasites indicated that 35 individuals (42.7% were infected with at least one intestinal parasite. Among helminths, the most frequent were hookworms, with a rate of 14.6%. With regard to protozoa, Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar and Endolimax nana stood out, with frequencies of 23.2%, 8.5% and 4.9%, respectively. The occurrence of biparasitism was observed in 13 of the 82 subjects, accounting for 15.8%, and no cases of multiple parasitic infections were observed. It was concluded that the reduction of cases of intestinal diseases due to parasites will only be achieved with the improvement of basic sanitation and quality of life of quilombola populations.O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a ocorrência de parasitos intestinais em população quilombola do Norte do Espírito Santo. Descendentes de escravos que chegaram ao Brasil a partir do século XVI, essa população estabeleceu-se no município de São Mateus no ano de 1858. Entre agosto de 2009 e julho de 2010, amostras fecais de 82 indivíduos que aceitaram participar do trabalho foram coletadas, a fresco, e, imediatamente, encaminhadas ao Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo da

Dinâmica de crescimento de espécies de um remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista em Colombo, PR

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Aline Canetti

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Estudos visando o uso adequado dos recursos da floresta são indispensáveis para o manejo e conservação de remanescentes florestais, como os da Floresta Ombrófila Mista. Tendo em vista a necessidade de se aprimorar conhecimentos sobre o crescimento de espécies em regiões subtropicais, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo monitorar o crescimento diamétrico intra-anual de espécies arbóreas em Colombo, Paraná. Em novembro de 2009 foram instaladas faixas dendrométricas em árvores adultas (de 15 a 25 indivíduos de 9 espécies dentre as mais frequentes em um remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista. As medições de incremento diamétrico foram feitas mensalmente, até junho de 2011. Ocotea bicolor se diferenciou das outras espécies, apresentando crescimento superior e constante. Isto pode ser atribuído ao menor recobrimento da copa das árvores, favorecendo o acesso à luz pela espécie e consequentemente o seu crescimento. O maior crescimento de todas as espécies estudadas ocorreu no outono de 2011, estação antecedida por um inverno de baixa precipitação (inverno de 2010, em que a luminosidade esteve mais disponível para a produção fotossintética.

Recharging the battery: placement tests for ESP students

OpenAIRE

Maria Isabel Azevedo Cunha; Márcia do Amaral Peixoto Martins; Inés Kayon de Miller; Lucia Pacheco de Oliveira; James Dean Brown

2001-01-01

This paper first reviews key concepts in language testing and discusses the use of the English Language Placement Test administered at the Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro to computer science students, who are required t o take one of the two ESP courses offered by the English program. The analysis of the scores on two versions of a test administered to two different groups of computer science students who took the examination in sequential semesters is presented. For the origin...

Modification of fuel failure detection system at multi-purpose reactor RSG-GAS, BATAN

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haruyama, Mitsuo; Shitomi, Hajime; Nakamura, Kiyoshi

2003-03-01

As one of the technical cooperation activity based on the Annex III, the Cooperation in the Area of Reactor Physics and Technology, of the Arrangement between the National Energy Agency (BATAN) and the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), the modification of the Fuel Failure Detection System (FFDS) was carried out by the joint work at the Multi-purpose Reactor RSG-G.A. Siwabessy (RSG-GAS). The system takes the delayed neutron detection method. In normal state, as the background, it measures the gloss delayed neutron concentration emitted in the primary coolant from the fission product (FP) nuclides, which are resulted from a very small amount of fissile material contamination on the fuel plate surface at the fabrication process. When a failure happened at fuel cladding, FP leaks from the fuel meat into the primary coolant. The system shows so higher indication than at normal state, then, the fuel failure can be detected at the early stage and be minimized the damages to the reactor facility and to the environment. The system has been installed at first since November 1994 and applied for reactor operation. However, recently it is not easy to maintain the system for aging degradation and shortage of the spare units and the parts difficult to find in the markets. The modification of FFDS is required for safe and steady reactor operation. The design requirements of the modification are, - To save the system units currently used and the spares on hand as long as practicable, and/or - To replace the system units with those easy to maintain or to obtain at the markets. The modified system obtained around twice of higher sensitivity for delayed neutron detection than before and more reliable monitoring possibility with redundancy. The specification, installation, adjustment methods and characteristics of the modified system and the modus operandi of FFDS at high power reactor operation are described in this paper. (author)

Gênero Hippopsis (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae: chave para as espécies, sinonímia e descrição de espécies novas Genus Hippopsis (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae: key to species, synonym, and description of new species

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ubirajara R. Martins

2006-12-01

Full Text Available São descritas: H. iuasanga do Equador e H. araujoi do Brasil (Bahia. Acrescenta-se uma chave para espécies na qual não foram incluídas as espécies só identificáveis mediante o exame dos holótipos: H. lineolatus Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1825; H. lemniscata boliviana Breuning, 1962; H. insularis Breuning, 1962. Espécies não examinadas que são incluídas com base na literatura: H. septemvittata Breuning, 1940 e H. albicans Breuning, 1940. Hippopsis solangeae Carvalho, 1981 é considerada sinônimo de H. prona Bates, 1866 e H. insularis Breuning, 1962, é revalidada. Trinta e seis espécies são ilustradas.New species described: H. iuasanga from Ecuador and H. araujoi from Brasil (Bahia. A key to species is given, and H. lineolatus Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1825, H. lemniscata boliviana Breuning, 1962, H. insularis Breuning, 1962, are not included, pending on examination of holotypes; species not studied and included by literature: H. septemvittata Breuning, 1940 and H. albicans Breuning, 1940. Hippopsis solangeae Carvalho, 1981 is considered a synonym of H. prona Bates, 1866 and H. insularis Breuning, 1962 is revalidated. Thirty six species are illustrated.

Molecular motion in restricted geometries

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Molecular dynamics in restricted geometries is known to exhibit anomalous behaviour. Diffusion, translational or rotational, of molecules is altered significantly on confinement in restricted geometries. Quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) offers a unique possibility of studying molecular motion in such systems. Both time ...

Pesque-pague: negócio ou fonte de dispersão de espécies exóticas? - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v25i1.2089 Is amateur fishing a money-earning opportunity or a cause of dispersion of exotic species? - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v25i1.2089

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Angelo Antonio Agostinho

2003-04-01

Full Text Available Os pesque-pague (estruturas comerciais que exploram o desejo pela pesca, devido à possibilidade de escape, são fontes potenciais de dispersão de espécies exóticas. O presente trabalho tem por objetivos: i analisar os problemas inerentes à atividade; ii verificar a ocorrência de reprodução das espécies-alvo nos tanques e no ambiente natural; iii registrar a presença de espécies exóticas nos curso de água adjacentes aos pesque-pague. Para a consecução desses objetivos, foi aplicado um questionário aos proprietários dos pesque-pague. Além disso, foram feitas coletas dentro dos tanques dos pesque-pague (redes de arrasto e no ambiente natural (tarrafas, arrasto e peneirão. Os proprietários entrevistados demonstraram pouco preparo para o desempenho da atividade. Devido a esse despreparo, os escapes são praticamente impossíveis de evitar, porém medidas minimizadoras desse evento podem e devem ser tomadas. Os órgãos competentes devem auxiliar nos projetos de construção dos tanques, e o monitoramento de riachos próximos aos pesqueiros deve ser efetivamente consideradoCommercial business (named here as 'fish-and-pay' - pesque-pague, which uses people’s interest in fishing became widespread quickly in Brazil. But among the species used in 'fish-and-pay' ponds, many are exotic. Thus, the 'fish-and-pay' ponds are, through escape, potential sources for introduction of alien organisms into the natural water bodies. Considering this, the purposes of this paper are: i to analyze the problems related to the activity; ii to verify the occurrence of spawning of the species used in ponds of the fish-and-pay and in the natural environment; iii to register the presence of exotic species in the natural environments close to the 'fish-and-pay' ponds. To meet these objectives, a questionnaire with broad questions was applied to 'fish-and-pay' owners. In addition, the 'fish-and-pay' ponds (seining nets and the natural environments (streams

Maritime English as a code-tailored ESP: Genre-based curriculum development as a way out

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Yan Zhang

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Maritime English (ME, as a type of English for Specific Purposes (ESP, is somewhat different in that its instruction and research are founded on specific international legal procedures. Thus, it is vital to determine an ESP framework that bridges the code-tailored ME curriculum development with the communicative language teaching approach. This paper reports on the revision of the International Maritime Organization (IMO’s Model Course 3.17, Maritime English, where an integrated genre-based ESP framework helps to achieve the balance between language learning’s “wide-angled” quality and ME’s legal consistency. It is argued that code-tailored ME competences find expressions in maritime domain-specific genres; those are the typical sets of English communicative events that seafarers are involved in while achieving their maritime professional objectives. The curriculum can be designed as to integrate linguistic systems, professional motivation and behaviors, communicative skills and cultural awareness into the teaching process, which entails a process of learning Maritime English while taking maritime domain-specific action. Specifically, the principle of genre as social action apprises the two-stage syllabus mapping, that is, General Maritime English (GME and Specialized Maritime English (SME. In GME, the focus is placed on the linguistic content and how language tasks embedded in the maritime contexts are fulfilled; in SME, the focus is placed on the professional content and how the maritime workplace duties and identities are fulfilled through the English language. As such, syllabus mapping calculates the discursion-profession correlation and helps to ensure that code-tailored ME teaching is communicative performance-oriented. Thus, the multi-syllabus task design and content selection must consistently maintain the genre-based balance on the linguistic-communicative continuum. As a result, the English linguistic systems underlying the

Modification of JRR-2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miyasaka, Yasuhiko

1978-01-01

This report gives an outline of some of the main modifications carried out around the Reactor Core on the Research Reactor JRR-2, at the Tokai Research Establishment of JAERI. The JRR-2 was shut down in December 1973, to improve it in heavy water leakage from the metal packing between core tank and support ring, corrosion of the lower shielding plug, and fault in the control-rod mechanism. Main modifications were a standing seal weld at the support ring to stop heavy water leakage, replacement of the reactor top shield and improvement of the helium system. The control-rod assemblies and the refueling devices were replaced by the newly designed ones also. In addition to the modification plan, the irradiated air exhaust system was improved to reduce radioactive argon gas release through the stack. Works were completed successfully in September 1975. But a light water leakage occurred at the stand pipe below the light water tank on November 11, 1975, which was repaired in about 4 months. When considering the operation of above 5,000 hours after the modification, however, the quality of the modification work may be said to be quite satisfactory. The present report in which works to the completion are described may be valuable as a record of reactor modification which is a new experience at JAERI. (auth.)

Peptide-loaded dendritic cells prime and activate MHC-class I-restricted T cells more efficiently than protein-loaded cross-presenting DC

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Met, Ozcan; Buus, Søren; Claesson, Mogens H

2003-01-01

-pulsed DC. Moreover, SIINFEKL-loaded DC were up to 50 times more efficient than DC-pulsed with OVA-protein for generation of an H-2K(b)-restricted response. Immunization of mice with SIINFEKL-loaded DC resulted in a much stronger H-2K(b)-restricted response than immunization with OVA-pulsed DC. These data......Undifferentiated and differentiated dendritic cells (uDC and dDC, respectively), derived from the bone marrow, were studied in vitro and in vivo. Ovalbumin (OVA) and two OVA-derived peptides binding to H-2K(b) and I-A(b), respectively, were used. Two IL-2 secreting T cell hybridomas specific...... for the OVA-derived epitopes were used in the in vitro read-out. The ability to cross-present the H-2K(b) binding OVA(257-264)-peptide (SIINFEKL) was restricted to dDC, which express CD11c(+), CD86(+), and MHC-II(+). In vitro, the antigenicity of SIINFEKL-loaded DC declined at a slower rate than that of OVA...

Secuencias rápidas de Eco de Espín en imágen por resonancia magnética

OpenAIRE

Santa Marta Pastrana, Cristina

2011-01-01

Esta tesis doctoral profundiza en el estudio de las secuencias rápidas turbo espín eco para la adquisición de imagen por resonancia magnética. En particular, se centra en la caracterización de las imágenes obtenidas mediante la combinación de la secuencia turbo espín eco con la adquisición parcial de datos o Fourier parcial. Se propone un método para mejorar la resolución espacial de la imagen sin aumentar el tiempo de exploración respecto de la secuencia original turbo espín eco. Dicha mejor...

Espécies de plantas visitadas por Heliactin bilophus (Aves, Trochilidae na Chapada dos Veadeiros, durante a estação chuvosa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Baruffaldi Ghiringhello

2009-06-01

Os hábitos alimentares do beija-flor Heliactin bilophus ainda são pouco conhecidos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as espécies de plantas mais visitadas por H. bilophus com finalidades de alimentação (consumo de néctar durante a estação chuvosa no Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, em Goiás. as observações foram realizadas em duas estações chuvosas (janeiro de 2006 e fevereiro de 2008. A metodologia baseou-se em percorrer trilhas em duas áreas de campo sujo e em duas de campo rupestre. Todo registro de um indivíduo consumindo néctar de uma planta em flor foi considerado como uma visita. Foram observadas 296 visitas, compreendendo oito espécies de plantas dos estratos arbustivo e herbáceo. as espécies mais frequentemente visitadas foram Bauhinia tenella (Caesalpinoideae e Vochysia pumila (Vochysiaceae em campo sujo, e Lychnophora ericoides (asteraceae, em campo rupestre. Essas três espécies foram comumente encontradas nos locais de estudo. Nas duas fisionomias, Heliactin bilophus consumiu néctar de poucas espécies de plantas. as espécies mais frequentemente visitadas apresentavam flores em abundância.

241 Culture de trois espèces fongiques sauvages comestibles du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

inflorescences mâles de palmier de palmier à huile trempés dans l'eau de distribution ... agricole par la mise en culture d'espèces fongiques comestibles par des ..... mycélienne est en rapport avec le rendement ou l'efficacité biologique.

Sur quelques espèces du genre Scarabaeus L

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Gillet, Joseph J.E.

1909-01-01

Dans une note insérée aux Annali del Museo Civico di storia naturale di Genova ¹), je rue suis occupé, entre autres choses, de la synonymie de quelques espèces de Scarabaeus; je désire revenir sur ce sujet et y ajouter les remarques que m’a suggérées l’examen du type de S. van der Kelleni LSBG. et

Sistemas multi–modales de profundidad restringida Multi-modal systems of restricted depth

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Manuel Sierra A.

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Se presentan como extensiones del cálculo proposicional clásico, la jerarquíade sistemas deductivos SMM–n con n > 1. SMM–n es el sistema multi–modalde profundidad–n. El sistema SMM–1 es el cálculo proposicional clásico. Elsistema SMM–(n + 1 puede ser visto como el resultado de aplicar la regla denecesariedad, asociada a los razonadores con suficiente capacidad de razona-miento, una vez a los teoremas del sistema SMM–n. El sistema SMM resultade la reunión de los sistemas de la jerarquía, y puede ser visto como el sis-tema de lógica multi–modal Km con restricciones. Los sistemas SMM–n soncaracterizados con una semántica al estilo Kripke, en la cual, la longitud delas cadenas de mundos posibles se encuentra restringida.They are presented as extensions of the classical propositional logic, the hierarchy of deductive systems SMM–n with n > 1. SMM–n is the multi–modal system of depth–n. The system SMM–1 is the classical propositional logic. The system SMM–(n + 1 it can be seen as the result of applying the necesariedad rule, associated to the reasoners with enough reasoning capacity, once to the theorems of the system SMM–n. The system SMM is of the union of the systems of the hierarchy, and it can be seen as the system of logic multimodal Km with restrictions. The systems SMM–n are characterized with a semantics to the style Kripke, in the one which, the longitude of the chains of possible worlds is restricted.

Pedagogical Application of Specialized Corpora in ESP Teaching: the case of the UVaSTECorpus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro A. Fuertes-Olivera

2015-11-01

Full Text Available This article contributes to defining the concept of specialized corpora, reviews the rationale for using them instead of general corpora in teaching activities, and offers the state of art in both corpus-based and corpus-driven approaches to ESP teaching. It also explains some decisions taken regarding the compilation of the University of Valladolid Corpus of Written Scientific and Technical English and illustrates some uses of the corpus. In particular, it presents some tasks with concordances and defends that ESP students should be taught the niceties of lexical gender as it is a grammatical category with social and/or ideological implications.

Why quota trade should be restricted: The arguments behind the EU position on emissions trading

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Westskog, Hege

2001-01-01

In this paper I try to clarify the background and arguments behind the EU position on emissions trading in negotiating the Kyoto Protocol and their suggestions of how the supplementary cap in the Kyoto agreement can be operationalized. I discuss economic arguments for restricting quota trade with a focus on the market power issue, transaction costs, and ancillary benefits of reducing emissions of climate gases. I also address the problem of hot air as an important argument to restrict quota trade, and arguments for restrictions connected to technological innovation. Finally, I look into the ethical considerations of restrictions. (author)

Why quota trade should be restricted: The arguments behind the EU position on emissions trading

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Westskog, Hege

2001-07-01

In this paper I try to clarify the background and arguments behind the EU position on emissions trading in negotiating the Kyoto Protocol and their suggestions of how the supplementarity cap in the Kyoto agreement can be operationalized. I discuss economic arguments for restricting quota trade with a focus on the market power issue, transaction costs, and ancillary benefits of reducing emissions of climate gases. I also address the problem of hot air as an important argument to restrict quota trade, and arguments for restrictions connected to technological innovation. Finally, I look into the ethical considerations of restrictions. (author)

To what extent do science ESP learning materials fit the purpose for ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

To what extent do science ESP learning materials fit the purpose for which they have been devised? An evaluation in terms of Cronje's (1993) criteria. ... Journal for Language Teaching. Journal Home · ABOUT THIS JOURNAL · Advanced ...

Diferenças no padrão da atividade alelopática em espécies da família Leguminosae Differences in allelopathic activity patterns in Leguminosae

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M. Mourão Júnior

2010-01-01

Full Text Available As inúmeras espécies de plantas que compõem a floresta amazônica podem representar excelente alternativa para fazer frente ao desafio de desenvolver a agricultura conforme as exigências da sociedade. Neste trabalho, procurou-se determinar e caracterizar o padrão de atividade alelopática em espécies da família Leguminosae, em função de variações de espécies, fonte de extratos e sensibilidade da planta receptora. Bioensaios de germinação de sementes e alongamento da radícula e do hipocótilo foram desenvolvidos em condições controladas. Os resultados indicam que as espécies estudadas não apresentaram padrão semelhante no tocante aos efeitos potenciais alelopáticos, havendo, entretanto, hierarquização no tocante à intensidade dos efeitos globais, sendo o potencial alelopático inibitório mais amplo e efetivo nas espécies Bauhinia guianensis, Bowdichia virgiloides, Parkia pendula e Platimenia reticulata. O potencial alelopático foi efetivo e mais restrito em Bauhinia macrostachya. O fator fração das plantas revelou diferenciação no padrão de atividade: para a maioria das espécies, as folhas foram a principal fonte de aleloquímicos, e para Bauhinia macrostachya e Inga edulis, a raiz. Em termos de padrão de respostas das espécies receptoras, o alongamento da radícula é mais sensível aos efeitos dos extratos, ficando o alongamento do hipocótilo como o de menor sensibilidade. Os efeitos dos extratos foram mais intensos sobre Mimosa pudica. Esses resultados também atribuem à floresta amazônica importância como fonte de compostos químicos de interesse para o homem, o que, em si, justifica sua preservação.Innumerous plant species in the Amazon forest may be an excellent alternative to meet society's demand for natural products. This work aimed to determine and characterize the pattern of allelopathic activity in species of the Leguminosae family, according to species variation, extract source, and receptor

Fast Multi-blind Modification Search through Tandem Mass Spectrometry*

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Na, Seungjin; Bandeira, Nuno; Paek, Eunok

2012-01-01

With great biological interest in post-translational modifications (PTMs), various approaches have been introduced to identify PTMs using MS/MS. Recent developments for PTM identification have focused on an unrestrictive approach that searches MS/MS spectra for all known and possibly even unknown types of PTMs at once. However, the resulting expanded search space requires much longer search time and also increases the number of false positives (incorrect identifications) and false negatives (missed true identifications), thus creating a bottleneck in high throughput analysis. Here we introduce MODa, a novel “multi-blind” spectral alignment algorithm that allows for fast unrestrictive PTM searches with no limitation on the number of modifications per peptide while featuring over an order of magnitude speedup in relation to existing approaches. We demonstrate the sensitivity of MODa on human shotgun proteomics data where it reveals multiple mutations, a wide range of modifications (including glycosylation), and evidence for several putative novel modifications. Based on the reported findings, we argue that the efficiency and sensitivity of MODa make it the first unrestrictive search tool with the potential to fully replace conventional restrictive identification of proteomics mass spectrometry data. PMID:22186716

On the libration collinear points in the restricted three – body problem

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Alzahrani F.

2017-03-01

Full Text Available In the restricted problem of three bodies when the primaries are triaxial rigid bodies, the necessary and sufficient conditions to find the locations of the three libration collinear points are stated. In addition, the Linear stability of these points is studied for the case of the Euler angles of rotational motion being θi = 0, ψi + φi = π/2, i = 1, 2 accordingly. We underline that the model studied in this paper has special importance in space dynamics when the third body moves in gravitational fields of planetary systems and particularly in a Jupiter model or a problem including an irregular asteroid.

Uma nova espécie do gênero Temnomastax (Temnomastacinae, Eumastacidae, Orthoptera da Amazônia

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Renan S. Olivier

2014-12-01

Full Text Available O gênero Temnomastax apresenta atualmente sete espécies, sendo amplamente distribuídas pelo domínio Cerrado, na América do Sul. Neste trabalho, uma oitava espécie, Temnomastax spielmanni sp. nov., é descrita para a região Amazônica brasileira. A diagnose da nova espécie baseia-se em caracteres do complexo fálico e em características morfológicas externas. Temnomastax spielmanni sp. nov. apresenta semelhança com Temnomastax beni Rehn & Rehn, 1942, que ocorre em território boliviano, mas pode ser diferenciada por alguns caracteres externos. O complexo fálico de T. spielmanni sp. nov. apresenta caracteres ainda não descritos em Temnomastacinae; tal fato reforça a necessidade da revisão taxonômica dessa subfamília, o que poderá esclarecer as relações filogenéticas existentes.

Comparison of a Restricted and Unrestricted Vegan Diet Plan with a Restricted Omnivorous Diet Plan on Health-Specific Measures.

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Bloomer, Richard J; Gunnels, Trint A; Schriefer, JohnHenry M

2015-07-14

We have previously noted beneficial health outcomes when individuals follow a dietary restriction plan in accordance with the Daniel Fast (DF). This is true whether individuals eliminate all animal products or include small amounts of meat and dairy in their plan. The present study sought to compare anthropometric and biochemical measures of health in individuals following a traditional DF (i.e., restricted vegan) or modified DF (i.e., restricted omnivorous; inclusive of ad libitum meat and skim milk consumption), with those following an unrestricted vegan diet plan. 35 subjects (six men; 29 women; 33 ± 2 years; range: 18-67 years) completed a 21-day diet plan. Subjects reported to the lab for pre- (day 1) and post-intervention testing (day 22) in a 10 h fasted state. Blood samples were collected and assayed for complete blood count, metabolic panel, lipid panel, insulin, HOMA-IR, C-reactive protein, and oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, and nitrate/nitrite). Heart rate and blood pressure were measured and body composition was determined via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Subjects' self-reported compliance, mental and physical health, and satiety in relation to the dietary modification were recorded. No interaction effects were noted for our outcome measures (p > 0.05). However, subjects in the traditional DF group reported an approximate 10% increase in perceived mental and physical health, with a 25% reduction in malondialdehyde and a 33% reduction in blood insulin. Systolic BP was reduced approximately 7 mmHg in subjects assigned to the traditional DF, with an approximate 5 mmHg reduction in subjects assigned to the modified DF and the unrestricted vegan plan. A small (2 mmHg) reduction in diastolic BP was noted for subjects in both DF groups; a slight increase in diastolic BP was noted for subjects assigned to the unrestricted vegan group. An approximate 20% reduction was noted in total and LDL cholesterol

Comparison of a Restricted and Unrestricted Vegan Diet Plan with a Restricted Omnivorous Diet Plan on Health-Specific Measures

Science.gov (United States)

Bloomer, Richard J.; Gunnels, Trint A.; Schriefer, JohnHenry M.

2015-01-01

Background: We have previously noted beneficial health outcomes when individuals follow a dietary restriction plan in accordance with the Daniel Fast (DF). This is true whether individuals eliminate all animal products or include small amounts of meat and dairy in their plan. The present study sought to compare anthropometric and biochemical measures of health in individuals following a traditional DF (i.e., restricted vegan) or modified DF (i.e., restricted omnivorous; inclusive of ad libitum meat and skim milk consumption), with those following an unrestricted vegan diet plan. Methods: 35 subjects (six men; 29 women; 33 ± 2 years; range: 18–67 years) completed a 21-day diet plan. Subjects reported to the lab for pre- (day 1) and post-intervention testing (day 22) in a 10 h fasted state. Blood samples were collected and assayed for complete blood count, metabolic panel, lipid panel, insulin, HOMA-IR, C-reactive protein, and oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, and nitrate/nitrite). Heart rate and blood pressure were measured and body composition was determined via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Subjects’ self-reported compliance, mental and physical health, and satiety in relation to the dietary modification were recorded. Results: No interaction effects were noted for our outcome measures (p > 0.05). However, subjects in the traditional DF group reported an approximate 10% increase in perceived mental and physical health, with a 25% reduction in malondialdehyde and a 33% reduction in blood insulin. Systolic BP was reduced approximately 7 mmHg in subjects assigned to the traditional DF, with an approximate 5 mmHg reduction in subjects assigned to the modified DF and the unrestricted vegan plan. A small (2 mmHg) reduction in diastolic BP was noted for subjects in both DF groups; a slight increase in diastolic BP was noted for subjects assigned to the unrestricted vegan group. An approximate 20% reduction was

Comparison of a Restricted and Unrestricted Vegan Diet Plan with a Restricted Omnivorous Diet Plan on Health-Specific Measures

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Richard J. Bloomer

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Background: We have previously noted beneficial health outcomes when individuals follow a dietary restriction plan in accordance with the Daniel Fast (DF. This is true whether individuals eliminate all animal products or include small amounts of meat and dairy in their plan. The present study sought to compare anthropometric and biochemical measures of health in individuals following a traditional DF (i.e., restricted vegan or modified DF (i.e., restricted omnivorous; inclusive of ad libitum meat and skim milk consumption, with those following an unrestricted vegan diet plan. Methods: 35 subjects (six men; 29 women; 33 ± 2 years; range: 18–67 years completed a 21-day diet plan. Subjects reported to the lab for pre- (day 1 and post-intervention testing (day 22 in a 10 h fasted state. Blood samples were collected and assayed for complete blood count, metabolic panel, lipid panel, insulin, HOMA-IR, C-reactive protein, and oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, and nitrate/nitrite. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured and body composition was determined via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Subjects’ self-reported compliance, mental and physical health, and satiety in relation to the dietary modification were recorded. Results: No interaction effects were noted for our outcome measures (p > 0.05. However, subjects in the traditional DF group reported an approximate 10% increase in perceived mental and physical health, with a 25% reduction in malondialdehyde and a 33% reduction in blood insulin. Systolic BP was reduced approximately 7 mmHg in subjects assigned to the traditional DF, with an approximate 5 mmHg reduction in subjects assigned to the modified DF and the unrestricted vegan plan. A small (2 mmHg reduction in diastolic BP was noted for subjects in both DF groups; a slight increase in diastolic BP was noted for subjects assigned to the unrestricted vegan group. An approximate 20

The roles of gene duplication, gene conversion and positive selection in rodent Esp and Mup pheromone gene families with comparison to the Abp family.

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Karn, Robert C; Laukaitis, Christina M

2012-01-01

Three proteinaceous pheromone families, the androgen-binding proteins (ABPs), the exocrine-gland secreting peptides (ESPs) and the major urinary proteins (MUPs) are encoded by large gene families in the genomes of Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus. We studied the evolutionary histories of the Mup and Esp genes and compared them with what is known about the Abp genes. Apparently gene conversion has played little if any role in the expansion of the mouse Class A and Class B Mup genes and pseudogenes, and the rat Mups. By contrast, we found evidence of extensive gene conversion in many Esp genes although not in all of them. Our studies of selection identified at least two amino acid sites in β-sheets as having evolved under positive selection in the mouse Class A and Class B MUPs and in rat MUPs. We show that selection may have acted on the ESPs by determining K(a)/K(s) for Exon 3 sequences with and without the converted sequence segment. While it appears that purifying selection acted on the ESP signal peptides, the secreted portions of the ESPs probably have undergone much more rapid evolution. When the inner gene converted fragment sequences were removed, eleven Esp paralogs were present in two or more pairs with K(a)/K(s) >1.0 and thus we propose that positive selection is detectable by this means in at least some mouse Esp paralogs. We compare and contrast the evolutionary histories of all three mouse pheromone gene families in light of their proposed functions in mouse communication.

Comparing the effects of food restriction and overeating on brain reward systems.

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Avena, Nicole M; Murray, Susan; Gold, Mark S

2013-10-01

Both caloric restriction and overeating have been shown to affect neural processes associated with reinforcement. Both preclinical and some clinical studies have provided evidence that food restriction may increase reward sensitivity, and while there are mixed findings regarding the effects of overeating on reward sensitivity, there is strong evidence linking this behavior with changes in reward-related brain regions. Evidence of these changes comes in part from findings that show that such eating patterns are associated with increased drug use. The data discussed here regarding the differential effects of various eating patterns on reward systems may be particularly relevant to the aging population, as this population has been shown to exhibit altered reward sensitivity and decreased caloric consumption. Moreover, members of this population appear to be increasingly affected by the current obesity epidemic. Food, like alcohol or drugs, can stimulate its own consumption and produce similar neurochemical changes in the brain. Age-related loss of appetite, decreased eating, and caloric restriction are hypothesized to be associated with changes in the prevalence of substance misuse, abuse, and dependence seen in this cohort. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Random Tagging Genotyping by Sequencing (rtGBS, an Unbiased Approach to Locate Restriction Enzyme Sites across the Target Genome.

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Elena Hilario

Full Text Available Genotyping by sequencing (GBS is a restriction enzyme based targeted approach developed to reduce the genome complexity and discover genetic markers when a priori sequence information is unavailable. Sufficient coverage at each locus is essential to distinguish heterozygous from homozygous sites accurately. The number of GBS samples able to be pooled in one sequencing lane is limited by the number of restriction sites present in the genome and the read depth required at each site per sample for accurate calling of single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Loci bias was observed using a slight modification of the Elshire et al.some restriction enzyme sites were represented in higher proportions while others were poorly represented or absent. This bias could be due to the quality of genomic DNA, the endonuclease and ligase reaction efficiency, the distance between restriction sites, the preferential amplification of small library restriction fragments, or bias towards cluster formation of small amplicons during the sequencing process. To overcome these issues, we have developed a GBS method based on randomly tagging genomic DNA (rtGBS. By randomly landing on the genome, we can, with less bias, find restriction sites that are far apart, and undetected by the standard GBS (stdGBS method. The study comprises two types of biological replicates: six different kiwifruit plants and two independent DNA extractions per plant; and three types of technical replicates: four samples of each DNA extraction, stdGBS vs. rtGBS methods, and two independent library amplifications, each sequenced in separate lanes. A statistically significant unbiased distribution of restriction fragment size by rtGBS showed that this method targeted 49% (39,145 of BamH I sites shared with the reference genome, compared to only 14% (11,513 by stdGBS.

Cardiac Sirt1 mediates the cardioprotective effect of caloric restriction by suppressing local complement system activation after ischemia-reperfusion.

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Yamamoto, Tsunehisa; Tamaki, Kayoko; Shirakawa, Kohsuke; Ito, Kentaro; Yan, Xiaoxiang; Katsumata, Yoshinori; Anzai, Atsushi; Matsuhashi, Tomohiro; Endo, Jin; Inaba, Takaaki; Tsubota, Kazuo; Sano, Motoaki; Fukuda, Keiichi; Shinmura, Ken

2016-04-15

Caloric restriction (CR) confers cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. We previously found the essential roles of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the development of CR-induced cardioprotection and Sirt1 activation during CR (Shinmura K, Tamaki K, Ito K, Yan X, Yamamoto T, Katsumata Y, Matsuhashi T, Sano M, Fukuda K, Suematsu M, Ishii I. Indispensable role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in caloric restriction-induced cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury.Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 308: H894-H903, 2015). However, the exact mechanism by which Sirt1 in cardiomyocytes mediates the cardioprotective effect of CR remains undetermined. We subjected cardiomyocyte-specific Sirt1 knockout (CM-Sirt1(-/-)) mice and the corresponding control mice to either 3-mo ad libitum feeding or CR (-40%). Isolated perfused hearts were subjected to 25-min global ischemia, followed by 60-min reperfusion. The recovery of left ventricle function after I/R was improved, and total lactate dehydrogenase release into the perfusate during reperfusion was attenuated in the control mice treated with CR, but a similar cardioprotective effect of CR was not observed in the CM-Sirt1(-/-)mice. The expression levels of cardiac complement component 3 (C3) at baseline and the accumulation of C3 and its fragments in the ischemia-reperfused myocardium were attenuated by CR in the control mice, but not in the CM-Sirt1(-/-)mice. Resveratrol treatment also attenuated the expression levels of C3 protein in cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Moreover, the degree of myocardial I/R injury in conventional C3 knockout (C3(-/-)) mice treated with CR was similar to that in the ad libitum-fed C3(-/-)mice, although the expression levels of Sirt1 were enhanced by CR. These results demonstrate that cardiac Sirt1 plays an essential role in CR-induced cardioprotection against I/R injury by suppressing cardiac C3 expression. This is the first report suggesting

Estudo comparativo dos óleos voláteis de algumas espécies de Piperaceae

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J.M.O. Mesquita

Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve por objetivo a análise comparativa dos óleos voláteis de espécies da família Piperaceae. As espécies estudadas foram as seguintes: Piper aduncum, P. amalago, P. arboreum, P. cernuum, P. hispidum, P. regnelii, P. submarginalum, P. vicosanum e Pothomorphe umbellata. A análise dos óleos voláteis foi efetuada pela combinação de técnicas de Cromatografia de Fase Gasosa (CG e de Cromatografia de Fase Gasosa acoplada a Espectrometria de Massa (CG/EM. A porcentagem de identificação dos constituintes nas análises dos óleos voláteis de Piper aduncum, P. amalago, P. vicosanum, P. submarginalum e Pothomorphe umbellata, atingiu valores superiores a 80%. Houve predominância de compostos de natureza sesquiterpênica nas composições químicas das espécies analisadas, com exceção de P. hispidum, P. submarginalum e P. vicosanum onde a predominância na composição foi de monoterpenos. Pelos dados apresentados observou-se que, dentre os compostos majoritários, os mais freqüentes, nas 9 espécies estudadas, foram beta-pineno (9/9 e espatulenol (9/9, seguidos por E-cariofileno (8/9, óxido de cariofileno (8/9, germacreno D (7/9, alfa-pineno (7/9 e limoneno (6/9. Pela primeira vez se relata a composição dos óleos voláteis de P. submarginalum e P vicosanum.

Systems of Rb2I2-CdI2-PbI2 and Cs2I2-CdI2-PbI2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Volchanskaya, V.V.; Il'yasov, I.I.

1979-01-01

The Rb 2 I 2 -CdI 2 -PbI 2 and Cs 2 I 2 -CdI 2 -PbI 2 triple systems have been studied, using the visual-polythermal method. The liquidus of the systems researched consists of the components and compounds crystallization fields: 2RbIxCdI 2 , 2RbIxRbI 2 , RbIxPbI 2 and 2CsIxCdI 2 , 4CsIxPbI 2 , CsIxPbI 2 , respectively. The crystallization fields converge in four non-variant points at 360, 280, 205 and 192 deg C in the Rb 2 I 2 -CdI 2 -PbI 2 system and at 375, 368, 208 and 190 deg C in the CsI 2 -CdI 2 -PbI 2 system

Nitric oxide production by Biomphalaria glabrata haemocytes: effects of Schistosoma mansoni ESPs and regulation through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway

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Kirk Ruth S

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Schistosoma mansoni uses Biomphalaria glabrata as an intermediate host during its complex life cycle. In the snail, the parasite initially transforms from a miracidium into a mother sporocyst and during this process excretory-secretory products (ESPs are released. Nitric oxide (NO and its reactive intermediates play an important role in host defence responses against pathogens. This study therefore aimed to determine the effects of S. mansoni ESPs on NO production in defence cells (haemocytes from schistosome-susceptible and schistosome-resistant B. glabrata strains. As S. mansoni ESPs have previously been shown to inhibit extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK phosphorylation (activation in haemocytes from susceptible, but not resistant, B. glabrata the regulation of NO output by ERK in these cells was also investigated. Results Haemocytes from resistant snails challenged with S. mansoni ESPs (20 μg/ml over 5 h displayed an increase in NO production that was 3.3 times greater than that observed for unchallenged haemocytes; lower concentrations of ESPs (0.1–10 μg/ml did not significantly increase NO output. In contrast, haemocytes from susceptible snails showed no significant change in NO output following challenge with ESPs at any concentration used (0.1–20 μg/ml. Western blotting revealed that U0126 (1 μM or 10 μM blocked the phosphorylation (activation status of ERK in haemocytes from both snail strains. Inhibition of ERK signalling by U0126 attenuated considerably intracellular NO production in haemocytes from both susceptible and resistant B. glabrata strains, identifying ERK as a key regulator of NO output in these cells. Conclusion S. mansoni ESPs differentially influence intracellular NO levels in susceptible and resistant B. glabrata haemocytes, possibly through modulation of the ERK signalling pathway. Such effects might facilitate survival of S. mansoni in its intermediate host.

Intrauterine growth-restricted sheep fetuses exhibit smaller hindlimb muscle fibers and lower proportions of insulin-sensitive Type I fibers near term.

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Yates, Dustin T; Cadaret, Caitlin N; Beede, Kristin A; Riley, Hannah E; Macko, Antoni R; Anderson, Miranda J; Camacho, Leticia E; Limesand, Sean W

2016-06-01

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) reduces muscle mass and insulin sensitivity in offspring. Insulin sensitivity varies among muscle fiber types, with Type I fibers being most sensitive. Differences in fiber-type ratios are associated with insulin resistance in adults, and thus we hypothesized that near-term IUGR sheep fetuses exhibit reduced size and proportions of Type I fibers. Placental insufficiency-induced IUGR fetuses were ∼54% smaller (P fetal muscles develop smaller fibers and have proportionally fewer Type I fibers, which is indicative of developmental adaptations that may help explain the link between IUGR and adulthood insulin resistance. Copyright © 2016 the American Physiological Society.

Overhead remote handling systems for the process facility modifications project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wiesener, R.W.; Grover, D.L.

1987-01-01

Each of the cells in the process facility modifications (PFM) project complex is provided with a variety of general purpose remote handling equipment including bridge cranes, monorail hoist, bridge-mounted electromechanical manipulator (EMM) and an overhead robot used for high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter changeout. This equipment supplements master-slave manipulators (MSMs) located throughout the complex to provide an overall remote handling system capability. The overhead handling equipment is used for fuel and waste material handling operations throughout the process cells. The system also provides the capability for remote replacement of all in-cell process equipment which may fail or be replaced for upgrading during the lifetime of the facility

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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... up in the circulatory system. In time, the heart fails. What causes it? Restrictive cardiomyopathy is often caused by diseases in other parts of the body. One known cause is cardiac ... build up in the heart tissue, making the tissue stiff and thickened. Cardiac ...

Introductions de nouvelles espèces de poissons dans les eaux douces tropicales : objectifs et conséquences

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LÉVÊQUE C.

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Les introductions d'espèces dans les milieux aquatiques tropicaux ont d'abord eu pour motivation de développer la pêche sportive pour les émigrants européens. Actuellement, les principaux objectifs sont d'améliorer la pêche artisanale locale et de développer l'aquaculture. L'introduction de poissons pélagiques de la famille des clupéidés dans divers lacs naturels ou de barrage apparaît comme un succès, car elle a permis de développer la pêche de manière significative, sans dommages apparents pour la faune indigène. Par contre, l'introduction de prédateurs a toujours eu des conséquences négatives sur la faune autochtone, et divers exemples sont donnés dont la truite (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758 en Australie et dans le lac Titicaca, et le capitaine (Lates niloticus Linnaeus, 1758 dans le lac Victoria. Les introductions de tilapias donnent lieu à des bilans plus mitigés, généralement positifs lorsque les cichlidés sont introduits dans des milieux pauvres en espèces autochtones, alors que des disparitions d'espèces ont été constatées pour les introductions réalisées dans les milieux déjà riches en espèces. L'exemple des lacs malgaches montre les conséquences d'introductions successives de diverses espèces sur la faune ichtyologique et la pêche.

CD1d-Restricted Type II NKT Cells Reactive With Endogenous Hydrophobic Peptides.

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Nishioka, Yusuke; Masuda, Sakiko; Tomaru, Utano; Ishizu, Akihiro

2018-01-01

NKT cells belong to a distinct subset of T cells that recognize hydrophobic antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex class I-like molecules, such as CD1d. Because NKT cells stimulated by antigens can activate or suppress other immunocompetent cells through an immediate production of a large amount of cytokines, they are regarded as immunological modulators. CD1d-restricted NKT cells are classified into two subsets, namely, type I and type II. CD1d-restricted type I NKT cells express invariant T cell receptors (TCRs) and react with lipid antigens, including the marine sponge-derived glycolipid α-galactosylceramide. On the contrary, CD1d-restricted type II NKT cells recognize a wide variety of antigens, including glycolipids, phospholipids, and hydrophobic peptides, by their diverse TCRs. In this review, we focus particularly on CD1d-restricted type II NKT cells that recognize endogenous hydrophobic peptides presented by CD1d. Previous studies have demonstrated that CD1d-restricted type I NKT cells usually act as pro-inflammatory cells but sometimes behave as anti-inflammatory cells. It has been also demonstrated that CD1d-restricted type II NKT cells play opposite roles to CD1d-restricted type I NKT cells; thus, they function as anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory cells depending on the situation. In line with this, CD1d-restricted type II NKT cells that recognize type II collagen peptide have been demonstrated to act as anti-inflammatory cells in diverse inflammation-induction models in mice, whereas pro-inflammatory CD1d-restricted type II NKT cells reactive with sterol carrier protein 2 peptide have been demonstrated to be involved in the development of small vessel vasculitis in rats.

Output Feedback Adaptive Control of Non-Minimum Phase Systems Using Optimal Control Modification

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Nguyen, Nhan; Hashemi, Kelley E.; Yucelen, Tansel; Arabi, Ehsan

2018-01-01

This paper describes output feedback adaptive control approaches for non-minimum phase SISO systems with relative degree 1 and non-strictly positive real (SPR) MIMO systems with uniform relative degree 1 using the optimal control modification method. It is well-known that the standard model-reference adaptive control (MRAC) cannot be used to control non-SPR plants to track an ideal SPR reference model. Due to the ideal property of asymptotic tracking, MRAC attempts an unstable pole-zero cancellation which results in unbounded signals for non-minimum phase SISO systems. The optimal control modification can be used to prevent the unstable pole-zero cancellation which results in a stable adaptation of non-minimum phase SISO systems. However, the tracking performance using this approach could suffer if the unstable zero is located far away from the imaginary axis. The tracking performance can be recovered by using an observer-based output feedback adaptive control approach which uses a Luenberger observer design to estimate the state information of the plant. Instead of explicitly specifying an ideal SPR reference model, the reference model is established from the linear quadratic optimal control to account for the non-minimum phase behavior of the plant. With this non-minimum phase reference model, the observer-based output feedback adaptive control can maintain stability as well as tracking performance. However, in the presence of the mismatch between the SPR reference model and the non-minimum phase plant, the standard MRAC results in unbounded signals, whereas a stable adaptation can be achieved with the optimal control modification. An application of output feedback adaptive control for a flexible wing aircraft illustrates the approaches.

Comparison of Engine/Inlet Distortion Measurements with MEMS and ESP Pressure Sensors

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Soto, Hector L.; Hernandez, Corey D.

2004-01-01

A study of active-flow control in a small-scale boundary layer ingestion inlet was conducted at the NASA Langley Basic Aerodynamic Research Tunnel (BART). Forty MEMS pressure sensors, in a rake style configuration, were used to examine both the mean (DC) and high frequency (AC) components of the total pressure across the inlet/engine interface plane. The mean component was acquired and used to calculate pressure distortion. The AC component was acquired separately, at a high sampling rate, and is used to study the unsteady effects of the active-flow control. An identical total pressure rake, utilizing an Electronically Scanned Pressure (ESP) system, was also used to calculate distortion; a comparison of the results obtained using the two rakes is presented.

Estudo de caso de três espécies de plantas bioindicadoras de solos salinos

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Mercia Fonseca Carvalho

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Bioindicadores, de uma maneira geral, são seres vivos de natureza diversa, vegetais ou animais, utilizados para analisar a qualidade de um determinado ambiente. A degradação ambiental do solo pela salinidade é um problema muito antigo e de extensão mundial, geralmente, mais pronunciado nas regiões áridas e semi-áridas. As plantas que se desenvolvem em áreas com elevadas concentrações de sais são chamadas de halófitas, e algumas delas são usadas na recuperar desses solos. O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar três espécies de plantas resistentes ao estresse salino gerar recomendações a respeito das mesmas, disponibilizando uma indicação de espécie que possa recuperar o ambiente salinizado. Foram selecionadas aleatoriamente três espécies de plantas resistentes a salinidade Copernicia prunifera, Atriplex nummularia L. e Gossypium hirsutum L, as mesmas foram analisados por uma planilha com características que identificam um bioindicador ideal e em seguida as espécies foram avaliadas de acordo com sua fisiologia e etiologia. Embora as propriedades da espécie A. nummularia tenha se destacado por recuperar os solos salinizados a espécie Copernicia prunifera foi considerada como um bioindicador ideal. Recomendam-se ainda estudos mais aprofundados acerca desse assunto.Case study of three species of saline soil bioindicatorsAbstract: Bioindicators, in general, living organisms are diverse in nature, plant or animal used to assess the quality of a given environment. Environmental degradation by soil salinity is a very old problem and expanse world generally more pronounced in arid and semi-arid regions. Plants that thrive in areas with high concentrations of salts are called halophytes, and some of them are used in recovering these soils. The aim of this work is to analyze three species of plants resistant to salt stress generate recommendations regarding the same, providing an indication of species that can restore the

Control Systems with Normalized and Covariance Adaptation by Optimal Control Modification

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Nhan T. (Inventor); Burken, John J. (Inventor); Hanson, Curtis E. (Inventor)

2016-01-01

Disclosed is a novel adaptive control method and system called optimal control modification with normalization and covariance adjustment. The invention addresses specifically to current challenges with adaptive control in these areas: 1) persistent excitation, 2) complex nonlinear input-output mapping, 3) large inputs and persistent learning, and 4) the lack of stability analysis tools for certification. The invention has been subject to many simulations and flight testing. The results substantiate the effectiveness of the invention and demonstrate the technical feasibility for use in modern aircraft flight control systems.

Incidence of the enterococcal surface protein (esp) gene in human and animal fecal sources

Science.gov (United States)

Whitman, R.L.; Przybyla-Kelly, K.; Shively, D.A.; Byappanahalli, M.N.

2007-01-01

The occurrence of the enterococcal surface protein (esp) gene in the opportunistic pathogens Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium is well-documented in clinical research. Recently, the esp gene has been proposed as a marker of human pollution in environmental waters; however, information on its relative incidence in various human and animal fecal sources is limited. We have determined the occurrence of the esp gene in enterococci from human (n = 64) and animal (n = 233) fecal samples by polymerase chain reaction using two primer sets: one presumably specific for E. faecium (espfm) and the other for both E. faecalis and E. faecium (espfs/fm). We believe that this research is the first to explore the use of espfs/fm for the detection of human waste in natural environmental settings. The incidence in human sources was 93.1% espfm and 100% espfs/fm in raw sewage influent; 30% for both espfm and espfs/fm in septic waste; and 0% espfm and 80% espfs/fm in active pit toilets. The overall occurrence of the gene in animal feces was 7.7% (espfs/fm) and 4.7% (espfm); animal types with positive results included dogs (9/43, all espfm), gulls (10/34, espfs/fm; 2/34, espfm), mice (3/22, all espfs/fm), and songbirds (5/55, all espfs/fm). The esp gene was not detected in cat (0/34), deer (0/4), goose (0/18), or raccoon (0/23) feces. The inconsistent occurrence, especially in septic and pit toilet sewage, suggests a low statistical power of discrimination between animal and human sources, which means a large number of replicates should be collected. Both espfm and espfs/fm were common in raw sewage, but neither one efficiently differentiated between animal and other human sources.

Uso popular de espécies medicinais da família Verbenaceae no Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A.C.B. SANTOS

2015-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Com o presente trabalho objetivou-se realizar um levantamento bibliográfico acerca das espécies da família Verbenaceae utilizadas na medicina popular nas diversas regiões do Brasil. Os trabalhos acadêmicos utilizados para elaboração desta pesquisa foram extraídos de revistas indexadas junto ao Scielo publicadas no período de 2000 a 2012, sendo também realizada busca no Google acadêmico. Os dados foram compilados e organizados em ordem alfabética por espécies, seguidas do nome popular, forma de uso, parte usada, indicações e área de estudo. Foram encontrados um total de 85 publicações indicando 55 espécies distribuídas em oito gêneros. A espécie com maior número de citações foi Lippia alba (Mill. N.E.Br., com 56 registros. Das plantas descritas na literatura, a folha foi o órgão mais citado como parte usada e o chá, o modo de preparo mais utilizado. Dentre as categorias de indicações medicinais, as plantas que mereceram destaque foram às relacionadas ao tratamento das doenças do sistema respiratório e digestório. Constatou-se que o Rio de Janeiro foi o estado que contou com o maior número de publicações na área. O uso de plantas medicinais está cada vez mais presente entre as diversas comunidades. Com isso, as informações contidas neste trabalho servirão para auxiliar na elaboração de banco de dados sobre o modo de uso das plantas pertencentes à família Verbenaceae com potencial medicinal encontradas nos Estados brasileiros.

Structure of the motor subunit of type I restriction-modification complex EcoR124I

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Lapkouski, Mikalai

2009-01-01

Roč. 1, č. 16 (2009), s. 94-95 ISSN 1545-9985 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z60870520 Keywords : SWI2/SNF2 ATPASE * DNA * ENDONUCLEASE Subject RIV: CE - Biochemistry Impact factor: 12.273, year: 2009

Structure of the motor subunit of type I restriction-modification complex EcoR124I

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Lapkouski, Mikalai; Panjikar, S.; Janscak, P.; Kutá-Smatanová, Ivana; Carrey, J.; Ettrich, Rüdiger; Cséfalvay, Eva

2009-01-01

Roč. 16, č. 1 (2009), s. 94-95 ISSN 1545-9985 R&D Projects: GA MŠk LC06073 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z60870520 Keywords : SWI2/SNF2 ATPASE * DNA * endonuclease * protein * translocation * helicase * treckings * enzymes * core * time Subject RIV: CE - Biochemistry Impact factor: 12.273, year: 2009

Reproductive biology in species of Bidens L. (Asteraceae Biologia reprodutiva em espécies de Bidens L. (Asteraceae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Tereza Grombone-Guaratini

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Studies about reproductive biology of weed species can have implications on the establishment of controlling practices that minimize the effects of these weed populations on agricultural fields. The pollination biology of Bidens alba (L. DC., B. pilosa L., and Bidens subalternans DC., was studied at different sites and climatic seasons. Bidens pilosa and B. subalternans are widely distributed in agricultural areas, in disturbed habitats, and along road sides. Bidens alba occur only along the coast. The three species are self-compatible and non agamospermous. The composition of the pollinator community changes during the year and between sites. Hymenopterans and lepidopterans are the most frequent visitors to Bidens species in both areas studied. Although the species are self-compatible, the presence of pollinators may affect the levels of inbreeding. The attraction of insects by Bidens species may be benefical to agricultural crop and may also have important implications for conservation biology.Estudos de biologia reprodutiva de espécies invasoras podem ter implicações sobre o estabelecimento de práticas de controle que minimizem o efeito das populações destas espécies em áreas agrícolas. A biologia da polinização de Bidens alba (L. DC., B. pilosa L. e Bidens subalternans DC. foi estudada em diferentes locais e estações climáticas. Bidens pilosa e B. subalternans são espécies amplamente distribuídas em áreas agrícolas, em habitats perturbados e em margens de estradas. Bidens alba ocorre somente em regiões litorâneas. As três espécies são auto-compatíveis e não são agamospérmicas. A composição da comunidade de polinizadores apresenta diferenças durante o ano e entre locais. Himenópteros e lepidópteros são os visitantes mais freqüentes nas espécies de Bidens. Embora as espécies sejam auto compatíveis, a presença de polinizadores pode afetar os níveis de endocruzamento. A atração de insetos por esp

Impact of feed spacer and membrane modification by hydrophilic, bactericidal and biocidal coating on biofouling control

KAUST Repository

Araú jo, Paula A.; Miller, Daniel J.; Correia, Patrí cia B.; van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M.; Kruithof, Joop C.; Freeman, Benny Dean; Paul, Donald; Vrouwenvelder, Johannes S.

2012-01-01

surface modification agents expected to resist protein and bacterial adhesion, while copper feed spacer coatings and biocides infused in feed spacers are expected to restrict biological growth. Our studies showed that polydopamine and polydopamine-. g

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Associated With Long-Term Use of Hydroxychloroquine for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Science.gov (United States)

Sabato, Leah A; Mendes, Lisa A; Cox, Zachary L

2017-10-01

Hydroxychloroquine (HQ) is commonly prescribed for autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. We report a case of a 75-year-old female presenting with de novo decompensated heart failure and restrictive cardiomyopathy (left ventricular ejection fraction: 40%-45%) after treatment with HQ for more than 11 years. Hydroxychloroquine was discontinued, and follow-up echocardiogram 57 days after discontinuation showed normalization of her left ventricular ejection fraction. A score of 7 on the Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale indicates that HQ is a probable cause of this patient's cardiomyopathy. An adverse drug effect due to HQ should be considered in treated patients who present with restrictive cardiomyopathy. Discontinuation may allow for partial or complete reversal of the cardiomyopathy.

Trocas gasosas e condutância estomática em três espécies de gramíneas Gas exchanges and stomatal conductance on three gramineous species

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Caruso Machado

1994-01-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se, sob condições naturais e sem deficiência hídrica, o comportamento diário das taxas de assimilação de CO2 (A e de transpiração (E, a condutância estomática (g e a eficiência fotossintética do uso de água (E/A em milho (C4, arroz (C3 e trigo (C3. Nas três espécies, a curva de resposta de A em função da irradiância (I, apresentou a forma de uma hipérbole retangular, porém em milho não houve saturação lumínica. A resposta de g em relação a I apresentou a mesma forma, respondendo E linearmente, nas três espécies. Em relação à variação de g, a curva de resposta de A também mostrou a forma de hipérbole retangular, enquanto E respondeu linearmente. Devido à resposta diferencial de A e de E, tanto em função de I como de g, a razão E/A aumentou com o aumento de I. As espécies C3 (arroz e trigo revelaram valores maiores de E/A que a C4 (milho, em todos os níveis de I e valores de g, indicando melhor adaptabilidade da C4 na limitação de abertura estomática.Under natural condition and without water deficit, assimilation of CO2 (A and transpiration (E rates, stomatal conductance (g and photosyntetic efficiency of water use (E/A, were monitored daily on maize (C4, rice (C3 and wheat (C3. In all species, the shape of response curves of A in function of irradiance (I, was a retangular hyperbole. However, luminic saturation was not observed in maize. Stomatal conductance response curve in function of I was also a retangular hyperbole, while E was linear in all species. Due to differential response of A and E, as a function of I as well as g, the ratio E/A was increased with the increase of I. The C3 species (rice and wheat showed higher values of E/A than the C4 specie (maize, in all levels of I and g, showing the better C4 adaptation when stomatal limitation aperture occurs.

Modifications of Sp(2) covariant superfield quantization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gitman, D.M.; Moshin, P.Yu

2003-12-04

We propose a modification of the Sp(2) covariant superfield quantization to realize a superalgebra of generating operators isomorphic to the massless limit of the corresponding superalgebra of the osp(1,2) covariant formalism. The modified scheme ensures the compatibility of the superalgebra of generating operators with extended BRST symmetry without imposing restrictions eliminating superfield components from the quantum action. The formalism coincides with the Sp(2) covariant superfield scheme and with the massless limit of the osp(1,2) covariant quantization in particular cases of gauge-fixing and solutions of the quantum master equations.

Revue bibliographique. Ultrastructure des Monogènes : liste des espèces et des organes étudiés

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

JUSTINE J-L.

1993-01-01

Full Text Available Les données bibliographiques (plus de 180 références concernant l'ultrastructure des monogènes, en microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB et microscopie électronique à transmission (MET, sont présentées sous la forme de deux listes. La liste des espèces étudiées indique pour chaque espèce les organes qui ont été décrits en microscopie électronique et la référence; plus de 60 espèces de Monopisthocotylea et 70 espèces de Polyopisthocotylea sont citées. La liste des organes indique pour chaque organe quelles espèces ont été étudiées et la référence. Les structures sont classées en: 1. Organes externes (morphologie externe en MEB, tégument, récepteurs tégumentaires, photorécepteurs, glandes, pièces sclérifiées du hapteur. 2. Organes internes non reproducteurs (appareil digestif, protonéphridies, cellules nerveuses. 3. Organes reproducteurs (canaux génitaux mâles, canaux génitaux femelles, ovogenèse et oeufs, oeufs en MEB, vitellogenèse, spermiogenèse et sperme. 4. Hyperparasites et symbiontes (microsporidies, bactéries et autres procaryotes, virus. Les travaux concernant des oncomiracidia ou des larves sont indiqués.

Printing-assisted surface modifications of patterned ultrafiltration membranes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wardrip, Nathaniel C.; Dsouza, Melissa; Urgun-Demirtas, Meltem; Snyder, Seth W.

2016-01-01

Understanding and restricting microbial surface attachment will enhance wastewater treatment with membranes. We report a maskless lithographic patterning technique for the generation of patterned polymer coatings on ultrafiltration membranes. Polyethylene glycol, zwitterionic, or negatively charged hydrophilic polymer compositions in parallel- or perpendicular-striped patterns with respect to feed flow were evaluated using wastewater. Membrane fouling was dependent on the orientation and chemical composition of the coatings. Modifications reduced alpha diversity in the attached microbial community (Shannon indices decreased from 2.63 to 1.89) which nevertheless increased with filtration time. Sphingomonas species, which condition membrane surfaces and facilitate cellular adhesion, were depleted in all modified membranes. Microbial community structure was significantly different between control, different patterns, and different chemistries. Lastly, this study broadens the tools for surface modification of membranes with polymer coatings and for understanding and optimization of antifouling surfaces.

Insect galls from Atlantic Forest areas of Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil: characterization and occurrence

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valéria Cid Maia

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Galhas de insetos de areas de Mata Atlântica de Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brasil: caracterização e ocorrência. Três áreas protegidas de Mata atlântica foram investigadas em  Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, de junho de 2007 a agosto de 2009: Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia, Reserva Biológica Augusto Ruschi e Parque Natural Municipal São Lourenço. A vegetação local foi examinada à procura de galhas de insetos. Foram encontrados 265 morfotipos de galhas em 141 espécies de plantas (104 gêneros e 49 famílias. Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Melastomataceae e Rubiaceae foram as famílias de planta com maior riqueza de galhas. Os gêneros super-hospedeiros foram Mikania Willd. (Asteraceae, Myrcia DC. ex. Guill. (Myrtaceae e Inga Mill. (Fabaceae. A espécie super-hospedeira foi Guapira opposita (Vell. Reitz. (Nyctaginaceae. As galhas foram encontradas em folhas, caules, botões, raízes e gavinhas. As folhas foram o órgão vegetal mais galhado, seguidas pelos caules e botões. Os indutores pertencem a quatro ordens de insetos: Diptera, Lepidoptera, Hemiptera e Thysanoptera, sendo Cecidomyiidae (Diptera os mais frequentes e diversificados galhadores. Inquilinos foram obtidos de seis morfotipos de galhas, estando representados por Cecidomyiidae and Muscomorpha. Nove species galhadoras são registradas pela primeira vez no Estado do Espírito Santo, e Cordiamyia globosa Maia, 1996 é assinalada pela primeira vez para o município de Santa Teresa. O presente estudo indica Santa Teresa (ES como a área de Mata Atlântica com maior riqueza de galhas de insetos.

Panorama da fruticultura no Espírito Santo – Brasil

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Thiago Marques Teixeira Silva

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Resumo: A fruticultura é um mercado que vem já há alguns anos com um grande potencial tanto nacional quanto capixaba. Diante da situação, este trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar um panorama da fruticultura no Espírito Santo, posicionando-a no cenário nacional. A partir do estudo da produção científica e de informações sobre o assunto, foi elaborada uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito do desenvolvimento da fruticultura capixaba. O setor de fruticultura está entre os principais geradores de renda, emprego e de desenvolvimento rural do estado. Na fruticultura agroecológica, tem-se como futuro desejável a expansão e a diversificação da atividade no Espírito Santo, com qualidade e competitividade. Contudo, a plena realização do potencial produtivo e social da fruticultura depende de uma melhor organização do setor, da modernização da comercialização e de incentivos para a inovação tecnológica e agregação de valor.

Traffic modifications on Routes Rutherford, Democrite and Fermi

CERN Multimedia

2015-01-01

The GS Department would like to inform you that until the end of December, the construction of Building 245 will result in the following traffic modifications: Traffic on Route Rutherford will be partially restricted in front of the construction site, Traffic on Route Democrite will be one-way towards Route Rutherford. Also, please note that due to construction work in front of Building 377, Route Fermi will be closed from Wednesday, 10 June until Friday, 7 August. Thank you for your understanding.

Traffic modifications on Routes Rutherford, Democrite and Fermi

CERN Multimedia

2015-01-01

The GS Department would like to inform you that, until the end of December, the construction of Building 245 will result in the following traffic modifications: Traffic on Route Rutherford will be partially restricted in front of the construction site, Traffic on Route Democrite will be one-way towards Route Rutherford. Also, please note that due to construction work in front of Building 377, Route Fermi will be closed from Wednesday, 10 June until Friday, 7 August. Thank you for your understanding.

Análise cinemática da marcha de crianças com diparesia espástica em plano inclinado