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Sample records for reservoir senador sa-ce

  1. Projetos de Lei do Senado Federal na área de Saúde Pública nos anos de 2011-2012: o perfil dos senadores brasileiros

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Evelyn de Britto Dutra

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Conforme a Constituição Federal de 1988, a saúde constitui direito de todos e dever do Estado e o desenvolvimento desta questão tem mobilizado importantes debates na sociedade e no Congresso Nacional. O estudo analisou os projetos de lei na área de saúde, especificamente do Senado Federal, nas duas primeiras sessões legislativas da 54ª Legislatura, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do Direito Sanitário. Foi descrito o perfil dos senadores propositores na área da saúde, identificando a influência da profissão, da filiação ideológico-partidária e da região de origem, além de uma análise simplificada do conteúdo material dos projetos apresentados. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritivo-analítica, a base de dados foi secundária e consubstanciada no sítio eletrônico Observatório da Saúde no Legislativo (http://observatorio.fiocruz.br hospedado no servidor da Direb/Fiocruz. Os resultados apontaram que 46% dos senadores daquela legislatura atuaram na área de saúde, sendo mais atuantes os médicos (29%, os representantes do Nordeste (47,2% e os filiados aos partidos com orientação ideológico-partidária socialista e comunista (41,9%. A temática mais abordada nos projetos de lei do Senado foram as políticas públicas de saúde (29,4%. Nota se que houve um aumento na produção legislativa em Direito Sanitário quando comparada à dos anos anteriores, e que emergiram outras temáticas com grande expressão como, por exemplo, o controle de doenças. Podem-se justificar essas mudanças no contexto dos projetos de lei pela valorização da concepção preventiva.

  2. [Coupling SWAT and CE-QUAL-W2 models to simulate water quantity and quality in Shanmei Reservoir watershed].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Mei-Bing; Chen, Dong-Ping; Chen, Xing-Wei; Chen, Ying

    2013-12-01

    A coupled watershed-reservoir modeling approach consisting of a watershed distributed model (SWAT) and a two-dimensional laterally averaged model (CE-QUAL-W2) was adopted for simulating the impact of non-point source pollution from upland watershed on water quality of Shanmei Reservoir. Using the daily serial output from Shanmei Reservoir watershed by SWAT as the input to Shanmei Reservoir by CE-QUAL-W2, the coupled modeling was calibrated for runoff and outputs of sediment and pollutant at watershed scale and for elevation, temperature, nitrate, ammonium and total nitrogen in Shanmei Reservoir. The results indicated that the simulated values agreed fairly well with the observed data, although the calculation precision of downstream model would be affected by the accumulative errors generated from the simulation of upland model. The SWAT and CE-QUAL-W2 coupled modeling could be used to assess the hydrodynamic and water quality process in complex watershed comprised of upland watershed and downstream reservoir, and might further provide scientific basis for positioning key pollution source area and controlling the reservoir eutrophication.

  3. La política como profesión: perfiles y tipos de trayectorias de los senadores argentinos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriel Levita

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available El propósito de este artículo es sistematizar los resultados de una investigación cualitativa sobre los senadores nacionales argentinos que ocuparon sus bancas entre 2001 y 2011. Realizamos una reconstrucción de sus trayectorias en base a entrevistas y fuentes secundarias, tales como datos oficiales del Senado, bases de datos de organizaciones no gubernamentales, investigaciones periodísticas, información publicada por los propios senadores en internet, entrevistas y artículos de prensa. Basándonos en los cargos ocupados con anterioridad a su llegada a la Cámara, construimos una tipología identificando cinco perfiles y locus de construcción política: los gobernadores, los intendentes, los legisladores, los ministros y los reconvertidos. Estos tipos ideales permiten comprender los distintos modos de llegar al Senado y los diversos recorridos de las elites políticas argentinas. En diálogo con los trabajos académicos sobre los políticos del período en cuestión (Jones, 2001; 2008; Jones et al., 2002; De Luca, 2008 y con la sociología política francesa (Gaxie, 2004; Offerlé, 2011 nos preguntamos por la cuestión de la profesionalización política de los senadores. El trabajo termina mostrando una gran heterogeneidad en las características, orígenes y posiciones sociales de los individuos que, junto con las distintas lógicas descriptas, demuestran la coexistencia de diferentes tipos de profesionalización política.

  4. Implantação do Programa Saúde na escola em Fortaleza-CE: atuação de equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lindelvania Matias de Santiago

    Full Text Available Este trabalho relata a experiência da implantação do Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE por uma equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF em uma escola pública em Fortaleza-CE. As atividades desenvolvidas incluíram seminário de implantação do PSE com os docentes e integrantes da ESF, oficinas com os estudantes, avaliação clinica e odontológica dos adolescentes e entrega de Cadernetas de Saúde do Adolescente. A implantação do PSE permitiu aos profissionais de saúde a percepção do seu papel social de educador e possibilitou aos adolescentes maior contato com a equipe da ESF. A aproximação entre escola e ESF é fundamental para ajudar os adolescentes a transformarem a informação científica em comportamentos saudáveis.

  5. Implantação do Programa Saúde na escola em Fortaleza-CE: atuação de equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lindelvania Matias de Santiago

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho relata a experiência da implantação do Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE por uma equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF em uma escola pública em Fortaleza-CE. As atividades desenvolvidas incluíram seminário de implantação do PSE com os docentes e integrantes da ESF, oficinas com os estudantes, avaliação clinica e odontológica dos adolescentes e entrega de Cadernetas de Saúde do Adolescente. A implantação do PSE permitiu aos profissionais de saúde a percepção do seu papel social de educador e possibilitou aos adolescentes maior contato com a equipe da ESF. A aproximação entre escola e ESF é fundamental para ajudar os adolescentes a transformarem a informação científica em comportamentos saudáveis.

  6. Atividades do Senado Federal brasileiro na área de saúde pública, 1995 e 1996 Activities of the Brazilian Senate in the field of public health, 1995 and 1996

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Carlos Romero

    2000-02-01

    Full Text Available O presente estudo buscou identificar e descrever as ações dos senadores brasileiros, na área de saúde pública, no período de 1995 a 1996. Pretendeu-se também identificar a influência da profissão, região de origem e partido político sobre a atuação dos senadores. As ações foram divididas em três grupos: legislativas (proposição e apreciação de projetos de lei, pareceres e requerimentos, fiscalizadoras (requerimentos de informação ao Executivo e implementação de comissões parlamentares de inquérito e especiais e parlamentares (discursos. O levantamento dos dados foi realizado em duas bases de dados mantidas pelo Senado Federal: MATE e DISC. Dos 89 parlamentares que exerceram mandato no período do estudo, 76 se envolveram com matérias de saúde. Foram estudadas 667 ações. Predominaram os discursos (43% das ações, em sua maioria respondendo a notícias veiculadas pelos meios de comunicação. Do total de ações, 60% envolveram políticas públicas (30%, drogas (9%, regulamentação das profissões de saúde (8%, controle de doenças (7% e saúde do trabalhador (6%. A atividade fiscalizadora foi limitada (5% das ações foram requerimentos de informação. Em relação ao perfil dos senadores, predominaram os médicos, professores e jornalistas. Os parlamentares das Regiões Norte e Nordeste realizaram 62% de todas as ações e atuaram em relação a quase todos os temas. Os senadores de orientação liberal e de direita responderam por 43% de todas as ações; contudo, os de orientação socialista e trabalhista apresentaram maior participação proporcional (em termos de senadores envolvidos e de ações realizadas. É interessante notar que os senadores socialistas e trabalhistas não se envolveram com o tema "saúde do trabalhador". A predominância de discursos como ação, a proposição legislativa pontual e descontínua e, especialmente, a incipiente ação fiscalizadora, indicam a necessidade de reformular a

  7. Implantação do Programa Saúde na escola em Fortaleza-CE: atuação de equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família Implantación del Programa de Salud Escolar en Fortaleza-CE: desempeño de equipo de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia School Health Program implementation in Fortaleza-CE: performance of the Family Health Strategy staff

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lindelvania Matias de Santiago

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho relata a experiência da implantação do Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE por uma equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF em uma escola pública em Fortaleza-CE. As atividades desenvolvidas incluíram seminário de implantação do PSE com os docentes e integrantes da ESF, oficinas com os estudantes, avaliação clinica e odontológica dos adolescentes e entrega de Cadernetas de Saúde do Adolescente. A implantação do PSE permitiu aos profissionais de saúde a percepção do seu papel social de educador e possibilitou aos adolescentes maior contato com a equipe da ESF. A aproximação entre escola e ESF é fundamental para ajudar os adolescentes a transformarem a informação científica em comportamentos saudáveis.Este artículo relata la experiencia de implementación del Programa de Salud Escolar (PSE por un equipo de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia (ESF en una escuela pública en Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. Las actividades incluyeron seminario de despliegue del PSE con los maestros y los miembros de la ESF, talleres con los estudiantes, la evaluación clínica y dental de los adolescentes y la entrega de folletos de Salud del Adolescente. La aplicación del PSE permitió a los profesionales de salud a darse cuenta de su papel social como educadores y permitió a los adolescentes un mayor contacto con el personal de la ESF. El acercamiento entre la escuela y el FSE es crucial para ayudar a los adolescentes a transformar el conocimiento científico en comportamientos saludables.This work reports the experience of implementation of the School Health Program (PSE by a team from the Family Health Strategy (FHS in a public school in Fortaleza-CE , Brazil. The activities included conference about the deployment of the PSE with teachers and members of the FHS, workshops with students, clinical and dental assessment for adolescents and delivery of Booklets of Adolescent Health. The implementation of the PSE allowed health

  8. Database Description - tRNADB-CE | LSDB Archive [Life Science Database Archive metadata

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available switchLanguage; BLAST Search Image Search Home About Archive Update History Data List Contact us tRNAD...B-CE Database Description General information of database Database name tRNADB-CE Alter...CC BY-SA Detail Background and funding Name: MEXT Integrated Database Project Reference(s) Article title: tRNAD... 2009 Jan;37(Database issue):D163-8. External Links: Article title: tRNADB-CE 2011: tRNA gene database curat...n Download License Update History of This Database Site Policy | Contact Us Database Description - tRNADB-CE | LSDB Archive ...

  9. Synthesis and luminescence of CePO4 and CePO4:Tb hollow and core-shell microspheres composed of single-crystal nanorods

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Guan Mingyun; Sun Jianhua; Han Min; Xu Zheng; Tao Feifei; Yin Gui; Wei Xianwen; Zhu Jianmin; Jiang Xiqun

    2007-01-01

    Lanthanide phosphate microspheres composed of single-crystal CePO 4 and CePO 4 :Tb nanorods were successfully synthesized, respectively, using the functionalized composite aggregate as a template, which is composed of P123, H 6 P 4 O 13 and Ce 3+ , and also as a resource of reaction species with high chemical potential. The shape and the phase structure of the CePO 4 nanocrystal can be easily controlled via adjusting reaction temperature, monomer concentration and annealing temperature. SEM images show the spherical superstructure composed of nanorods. HRTEM and SAED images reveal the single-crystalline nature of nanorod and TEM images show the hollow interiors of the superstructure. XRD patterns indicate that the crystal structure of the nanorods is hexagonal before and monoclinic after annealing. The formation mechanism was proposed. Strong UV and green luminescence were observed for the CePO 4 and CePO 4 :Tb microspheres, respectively. The synthesis method can be extended to the fabrication of NRHS and core-shell microspheres of other rare-earth or doped LnPO 4 materials for wide applications

  10. Theoretical Basis for the CE-QUAL-W2 River Basin Model

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Wells, Scott

    2000-01-01

    This report describes the theoretical development for CE-QUAL-W2, Version 3, that will allow the application of the model to entire water basins including multiple reservoirs, steeply sloping rivers, and estuaries...

  11. Análise da estrutura de uma comunidade lenhosa em área de cerrado sensu stricto no município de Senador Modestino Gonçalves, norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil A woody community structure in a cerrado sensu stricto area of the municipality of Senador Modestino Gonçalves, north of Minas Gerais State, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andreza Viana Neri

    2007-02-01

    Full Text Available Com a finalidade de conhecer a estrutura de uma comunidade arbórea de uma área de Cerrado, fez-se um estudo fitossociológico no Município de Senador Modestino Gonçalves. Para tal foram delimitadas 30 parcelas de 10 x 20m para levantamento dos dados, utilizando-se como critério de inclusão os indivíduos com circunferência do tronco à altura do solo (CAS = 10 cm. Foram encontradas 91 espécies de 38 famílias. As espécies que se destacaram como as mais importantes foram Qualea grandiflora, Eriotheca pubescens, Caryocar brasiliense, Byrsonima coccolobaefolia, Myrsine guianensis, Qualea parviflora, Dalbergia miscolobium, Stryphnodendron adstringens, Plathymenia reticulata e Lafoensia pacari. Essas 10 espécies representaram 49,32% do VI e 51,26% dos indivíduos amostrados. A área não apresentou espécie com dominância marcante, como mostrou o valor de equabilidade (J'= 0,80. Além de se destacar pela riqueza, o cerrado estudado destacou-se também pelos altos valores de densidade (6.476,67 ind/ha, de área basal (28,93 m²/ha e pelo alto índice de diversidade (H'=3,61.The aim of this work was to study the phytossociological structure of a tree community in a cerrado fragment located in Senador Modestino Gonçalves, MG. A total of 30 10x20m stands of tree individuals with stem circumferences at the soil level = 10cm were sampled, being found 91 species belonging to 38 families. The most important species were Qualea grandiflora, Eriotheca pubescens, Caryocar brasiliense, Byrsonima coccolobaefolia, Myrsine guianensis, Qualea parviflora, Dalbergia miscolobium, Stryphnodendron adstringens, Plathymenia reticulata and Lafoensia pacari. These species represented 49.32% of the importance value and 51.26% of the individuals. Besides standing out for its richness, the studied cerrado fragment also outstood out for its high tree density, biomass and diversity.

  12. Nuclear register applications and pressure tests to foresee reservoirs exploitation with water drive

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Osorio F, X.; Redosado G, V.

    1994-01-01

    This paper illustrates how the pulsed neutron log and well test analysis aid proper reservoir management in strong water reservoirs. These techniques have been applied to Cetico reservoir which belongs to Corrientes Field which is located in the Peruvian Jungle. Corrientes is the most important field operated by PETROPERU S.A. As a result of the analysis we current know the present areal water saturation distribution and also have improve the reservoir characterization al of which is being used for increasing the oil production and reserves. (author). 4 refs, 7 figs, 3 tabs

  13. Réponse équilibrée aux besoins en eau dans le bassin du Saïss au ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    ACCA

    par les changements climatiques. Ce projet du programme ACCA met l'accent sur l'agriculture, à l'origine de plus de 82 % de la consommation d'eau dans le bassin. Réponse équilibrée aux besoins en eaudans le bassin du Saïss au Maroc. De petits exploitants agricoles du bassin du Saïss font face aux pénuries d'eau ...

  14. Approval of land divisions in passage way servitude areas: OSBRA pipeline; Aprovacao de loteamento em areas de servidao de passagem: experiencia do OSBRA em Senador Canedo, GO

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Santos, Andreia B. dos; Araujo, Adriano C. [TRANSPETRO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Brito, Walderes [Universidade Federal de Goias (UFG), Goiania, GO (Brazil). Faculdade de Comunicacao e Biblioteconomia

    2008-07-01

    This work systematizes actions taken by TRANSPETRO and the Department of Planning of the City of Senador Canedo, in order to discipline the urban growth in areas around the Pipeline Sao Paulo - Brasilia, OSBRA. The need for such measure was identified with the increase of the number of interferences of new lots planned for the areas of servitude for the OSBRA. These lots imply a significant change in the characteristics of the track use of pipelines, since the transformation of status from rural to urban implies a greater amount of interference and increase the potential of others. Actions to deal with that reality began with the creation of a working group, whose goal was to identify the problems and solutions to establish a routine for approval of lots in areas of servitude of the pipelines, so as to enable ventures, seeking the integrity of equipment, the security of the population and the preservation of the environment. (author)

  15. Bernardo Alberto Houssay (1887-1971) : sa contribution à la physiologie hypophysaire

    OpenAIRE

    VALDES SOCIN, Hernan Gonzalo

    2018-01-01

    Il y a bientôt 70 ans, en 1947, Bernardo Alberto Houssay recevait un télégramme en provenance de Stockholm à son domicile, à Buenos Aires. Il lui était annoncé sa nomination au Prix Nobel de Médecine ou Physiologie, pour ses découvertes sur le rôle de l’antéhypophyse sur la régulation du métabolisme glucidique. Ce prix Nobel sera partagé le 10 décembre de cette année avec Gerty et Carl Cori (pour leurs découvertes sur les voies métaboliques du glycogène). Sa vie et son œuvre, que nous remémor...

  16. Características da oferta de contracepção de emergência na rede básica de saúde do Recife, Nordeste do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Benita Alves da Silva Spinelli

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo foi descrever as características da utilização da contracepção de emergência (CE em unidades de saúde da família (USF da cidade do Recife entre março e setembro de 2011. O questionário foi respondido por 234 profissionais, 154 enfermeiros e 80 médicos selecionados por amostragem aleatória em 117 USF. Quase todos os profissionais (90,6% informaram disponibilidade da CE na USF; médico e/ou enfermeiro foram os principais dispensadores (73,9% e 27,4% conheciam a estratégia de distribuição através do “kit saúde da mulher”. Apesar de 85,0% dos profissionais já terem prescrito a CE, apenas 8,5% a consideram como direito da mulher. A maioria (80,7% conhecia o manual de Planejamento Familiar do Ministério da Saúde e cerca de metade (51,2% conhecia o manual de Direitos Reprodutivos do município. Entre os entrevistados, 51,3% conheciam o correto mecanismo de ação e 77,4% costumam informar às mulheres sobre CE. Os principais motivos para não informar foram: “falta de oportunidade” (10,0% para os médicos e “para evitar que se tornem rotina” (6,5% para os enfermeiros. Metade dos profissionais (50,0% informaram prescrever nas três situações preconizadas (relação desprotegida, estupro e falha do método contraceptivo em uso e 65,8% concordam que a religião interfere na decisão da prescrição/orientação. Os profissionais de saúde demonstraram ter conhecimento técnico suficiente para prescrever a CE, porém não a reconhecem como um direito das mulheres. Além disso, consideram que a influência religiosa pode interferir na decisão da prescrição e no uso da CE pelas mulheres.

  17. 2-D Water Quality Modelling of a Drinking Water Reservoir

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Růžička, Martin; Hejzlar, J.; Mikešová, P.; Cole, T. M.

    2002-01-01

    Roč. 50, č. 3 (2002), s. 258-272 ISSN 0042-790X R&D Projects: GA ČR GA103/98/0281; GA AV ČR IAA3042903 Grant - others:USARGD-UK(USA) N68171-99-M-6754 Keywords : CE-QUAL-W2 * Dimictic stratified reservoir * Sensitivity analysis Subject RIV: DA - Hydrology ; Limnology

  18. CO oxidation catalyzed by ag nanoparticles supported on SnO/CeO2

    KAUST Repository

    Khan, Inayatali

    2015-01-01

    Ag-Sn/CeO2 catalysts were synthesized by the co-precipitation method with different Ag-Sn wt.% loadings and were tested for the oxidation of CO. The catalysts were characterized by powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) techniques. UV-Vis measurements were carried out to elucidate the ionic states of the silver particles, and the temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) technique was employed to check the reduction temperature of the catalyst supported on CeO2. There are peaks for silver crystallites in the X-ray diffraction patterns and the presence of SnO was not well evidenced by the XRD technique due to sintering inside the 3D array channels of CeO2 during the calcination process. The Ag-Sn/CeO2 (4%) catalyst was the most efficient and exhibited 100% CO oxidation at 100 °C due to small particle size and strong electronic interaction with the SnO/CeO2 support. © 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Química.

  19. Oxycline formation induced by Fe(II) oxidation in a water reservoir affected by acid mine drainage modeled using a 2D hydrodynamic and water quality model - CE-QUAL-W2.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Torres, Ester; Galván, Laura; Cánovas, Carlos Ruiz; Soria-Píriz, Sara; Arbat-Bofill, Marina; Nardi, Albert; Papaspyrou, Sokratis; Ayora, Carlos

    2016-08-15

    The Sancho reservoir is an acid mine drainage (AMD)-contaminated reservoir located in the Huelva province (SW Spain) with a pH close to 3.5. The water is only used for a refrigeration system of a paper mill. The Sancho reservoir is holomictic with one mixing period per year in the winter. During this mixing period, oxygenated water reaches the sediment, while under stratified conditions (the rest of the year) hypoxic conditions develop at the hypolimnion. A CE-QUAL-W2 model was calibrated for the Sancho Reservoir to predict the thermocline and oxycline formation, as well as the salinity, ammonium, nitrate, phosphorous, algal, chlorophyll-a, and iron concentrations. The version 3.7 of the model does not allow simulating the oxidation of Fe(II) in the water column, which limits the oxygen consumption of the organic matter oxidation. However, to evaluate the impact of Fe(II) oxidation on the oxycline formation, Fe(II) has been introduced into the model based on its relationship with labile dissolved organic matter (LDOM). The results show that Fe oxidation is the main factor responsible for the oxygen depletion in the hypolimnion of the Sancho Reservoir. The limiting factors for green algal growth have also been studied. The model predicted that ammonium, nitrate, and phosphate were not limiting factors for green algal growth. Light appeared to be one of the limiting factors for algal growth, while chlorophyll-a and dissolved oxygen concentrations could not be fully described. We hypothesize that dissolved CO2 is one of the limiting nutrients due to losses by the high acidity of the water column. The sensitivity tests carried out support this hypothesis. Two different remediation scenarios have been tested with the calibrated model: 1) an AMD passive treatment plant installed at the river, which removes completely Fe, and 2) different depth water extractions. If no Fe was introduced into the reservoir, water quality would significantly improve in only two years

  20. Recovery Ce from Ce - TBP Used Oxalic Acid

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Purwani, MV; Subagiono, R.; Suyanti

    2007-01-01

    Recovery or stripping Ce from Ce - TBP product of monazite sand used oxalic acid. Ce - TBP as organic phase and oxalic acid as aqueous phase and as strong precipitant compound to precipitate metal element. The stripping product as Ce - oxalic precipitate. The influence parameter were percentage of oxalic acid, volume ratio of Ce-TBP with oxalic acid, time and rate of stripping. At stripping of 25 ml Ce - TBP used oxalic acid, the optimum condition were achieve at using 5% oxalic acid, volume ratio of Ce - TBP : 5% oxalic acid = 1 : 1, time of stripping 7.5 minute and rate of stripping 150 rpm. At the optimum condition was obtained the recovery efficiency was 100%. (author)

  1. Enfermagem e saúde ambiental: possibilidades de atuação para a promoção da saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria do Socorro Vieira Lopes

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo qualitativo objetivou compreender o significado de participação para os integrantes do Comitê da Sub-Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Salgado, CE, Brasil, subsidiando a promoção da saúde para um ambiente sustentável no que se refere aos recursos hídricos; refletir sobre a interface enfermagem/ambiente a partir do componente hídrico. Os sujeitos foram 18 representantes do comitê. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista, analisados através do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. A compreensão de participação pelos sujeitos foi resumida no discurso síntese: participação envolve consciência social, informação, comunicação em busca de soluções que representem a coletividade. A interface da enfermagem no comitê se apresenta como uma possibilidade de ampliação de seu objeto ao incorporar o campo ambiental nas ações de promoção da saúde

  2. A identificação das variedades regionais do português brasileiro através da informação entoacional

    OpenAIRE

    Peres, Daniel Oliveira

    2017-01-01

    Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar se falantes do português brasileiro são capazes de reconhecer suas próprias variedades regionais a partir das informações entoacionais. Além disso, também pretende procurar pistas nas variações de F0 que possam justificar o desempenho dos participantes. Os dois experimentos realizados neste trabalho foram feitos com base em três variedades do Português Brasileiro: a variedade de Pelotas (RS), São Paulo (bairro da Mooca) e Senador Pompeu (CE). O e...

  3. Suppression or knockout of SaF/SaM overcomes the Sa-mediated hybrid male sterility in rice

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    Yongyao Xie; Baixiao Niu; Yunming Long; Gousi Li; Jintao Tang; Yaling Zhang; Ding Ren; Yao-Guang Liu; Letian Chen

    2017-01-01

    Hybrids between the indica and japonica subspecies of rice (Oryza sativa) are usually sterile, which hinders utilization of heterosis in the inter-subspecific hybrid breeding. The complex locus Sa comprises two adjacently located genes, SaF and SaM, which interact to cause abortion of pollen grains carrying the japonica allele in japonica-indica hybrids. Here we showed that silencing of SaF or SaM by RNA interference restored male fertility in indica-japonica hybrids with heterozygous Sa. We further used clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9-based genome editing to knockout the SaF and SaM alleles, respectively, of an indica rice line to create hybrid-compatible lines. The resultant artificial neutral alleles did not affect pollen viability and other agricultural traits, but did break down the reproductive barrier in the hybrids. We found that some rice lines have natural neutral allele Sa-n, which was compatible with the typical japonica or indica Sa alleles in hybrids. Our results demonstrate that SaF and SaM are required for hybrid male sterility, but are not essential for pollen development. This study provides effective approaches for the generation of hybrid-compatible lines by knocking out the Sa locus or using the natural Sa-n allele to overcome hybrid male sterility in rice breeding.

  4. Hydrothermal Synthesis, Characterization, and Optical Properties of Ce Doped Bi2MoO6 Nanoplates

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anukorn Phuruangrat

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Undoped and Ce doped Bi2MoO6 samples were synthesized by hydrothermal reaction at 180°C for 20 h. Phase, morphology, atomic vibration, and optical properties were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Raman spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM, transmission electron microscopy (TEM, selected area electron diffraction (SAED, and UV-visible spectroscopy. In this research, the products were orthorhombic Bi2MoO6 nanoplates with the growth direction along the [0b0], including the asymmetric and symmetric stretching and bending modes of Bi–O and Mo–O. Undoped and Ce doped Bi2MoO6 samples show a strong absorption in the UV region.

  5. Suppression or knockout of SaF/SaM overcomes the Sa-mediated hybrid male sterility in rice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xie, Yongyao; Niu, Baixiao; Long, Yunming; Li, Gousi; Tang, Jintao; Zhang, Yaling; Ren, Ding; Liu, Yao-Guang; Chen, Letian

    2017-09-01

    Hybrids between the indica and japonica subspecies of rice (Oryza sativa) are usually sterile, which hinders utilization of heterosis in the inter-subspecific hybrid breeding. The complex locus Sa comprises two adjacently located genes, SaF and SaM, which interact to cause abortion of pollen grains carrying the japonica allele in japonica-indica hybrids. Here we showed that silencing of SaF or SaM by RNA interference restored male fertility in indica-japonica hybrids with heterozygous Sa. We further used clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9-based genome editing to knockout the SaF and SaM alleles, respectively, of an indica rice line to create hybrid-compatible lines. The resultant artificial neutral alleles did not affect pollen viability and other agricultural traits, but did break down the reproductive barrier in the hybrids. We found that some rice lines have natural neutral allele Sa-n, which was compatible with the typical japonica or indica Sa alleles in hybrids. Our results demonstrate that SaF and SaM are required for hybrid male sterility, but are not essential for pollen development. This study provides effective approaches for the generation of hybrid-compatible lines by knocking out the Sa locus or using the natural Sa-n allele to overcome hybrid male sterility in rice breeding. © 2017 The Authors. Bioelectromagnetics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

  6. De l'impuissance de l'enfance à la revanche par l'écriture : le parcours de Driss Chraïbi et sa représentation du couple

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Guinoune, Anne-Marie

    2003-01-01

    A-t-il jamais réussi à accéder au monde d’autrui, ce héros que nous avons vu vieillir au fil des livres ? Oui, avec l’aide de l’écriture, il va arriver à ne plus se retourner sur le passé mais à se projeter dans l’avenir, vers sa fin. Le moment est venu de transmettre l’héritage, celui-ci trouve sa

  7. La vérite sur ce qui nous motive

    CERN Document Server

    Pink, Daniel H

    2011-01-01

    Voici enfin la traduction française du best-seller international DRIVE ! Qu'est-ce qui nous motive vraiment ? Dans quels cas sommes-nous les plus performants et les plus enthousiastes ? La plupart d'entre nous sommes persuadés que les récompenses (salaire, primes...) sont notre meilleure motivation. La logique de la carotte et du bâton finalement... Et si nous faisions fausse route ? En s'appuyant sur quatre décennies d'études scientifiques et psychologiques sur la motivation humaine, Pink démontre que les entreprises dirigent très mal leurs équipes avec d'énormes conséquences sur notre vie (absence d'ambition, lassitude, morosité). Le secret de la performance (et de la satisfaction) dans les entreprises, l'enseignement ou dans notre vie personnelle , c'est le besoin profondément humain de diriger sa propre vie, d'apprendre, de créer de nouvelles choses et de s'améliorer. Dans ce livre, Pink examine les 3 éléments de la motivation, l'autonomie, la maîtrise et le besoin de donner un sens ...

  8. Magnetic behaviour of cerium in Ce2 Sn5 and Ce3 Sn7, surstructures of Ce Sn3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Stunault, A.

    1988-07-01

    The compound studied, Ce 2 Sn 5 and Ce 3 Sn 7 are both orthorhombic, surstructure of cubic Ce Sn 3 . Magnetic susceptibility measurements show in both compounds an antiferromagnetic order at low temperature and magnetization shows a high anisotropy. Magnetization densities are determined by polarized neutron diffraction. The cerium site which has two Ce atoms as nearest neighbourgs carries all the magnetism in both structures. For Ce 2 Sn 5 moments are directed as the high magnetization axis and structure is modulated. Ce 3 Sn 7 presents a simple antiferromagnetic order but moment are directed as low magnetization axis. Various transitions towards a ferromagnetic order are presented. Results are interpreted by measuring the difference between energy levels of crystalline field. A model of crystalline field and isotrope exchange agrees well with Ce 3 Sn 7 , but for Ce 2 Sn 7 it is necessary to reduce the magnetic moment which is typical of the Kondo effect [fr

  9. The influence of castanhão reservoir on nutrient and suspended matter transport during rainy season in the ephemeral Jaguaribe river (CE, Brazil Influência do açude Castanhão no transporte de nutrientes e materiais em suspensão durante a estação chuvosa no intermitente rio Jaguaribe (CE, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    MM. Molisani

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Measurements of nutrient and suspended matter concentrations and loads entering and leaving the Castanhão reservoir during the rainy season were carried out to assess the influence of this large reservoir on land-sea fluvial transport in the ephemeral Jaguaribe river basin. Spatial variation indicated statistically significant attenuation of concentrations only for total phosphorous and suspended matter across the reservoir. Strong retention of nutrients and suspended matter loads by the reservoir was observed with average trapping efficiency of 89% for dissolved silicon, 98% of soluble reactive phosphorus, 71% for ammonium, 87% for total nitrogen, 98% for total phosphorus and 97% for suspended matter compared to the reservoir inflow. The dam operational procedure defined by the ephemeral conditions of the river reduced water releases compared to reservoir inflow and induced strong retention of nutrient and suspended matter loads within the reservoir when fluvial transfer occurs in this semiarid watershed.Medidas de concentrações e fluxos de nutrientes e material particulado em suspensão de entrada e saída do Açude Castanhão foram efetuadas para determinar a influência de um grande reservatório no transporte fluvial entre o continente e o oceano na bacia hidrográfica intermitente do Rio Jaguaribe. A variação espacial indicou uma atenuação estatisticamente significativa ao longo do reservatório somente para as concentrações de fósforo total e material particulado em suspensão. Os resultados indicam uma forte retenção de nutrientes e do material particulado em suspensão com eficiências de retenção de 89% para sílica dissolvida, 98% para fósforo solúvel reativo, 71% para amônia, 87% para nitrogênio total, 98% para fósforo total e 97% para o material particulado em suspensão em relação aos fluxos de entrada no reservatório. A rotina de operação da barragem definida pela condição intermitente do Rio Jaguaribe

  10. CE and nanomaterials - Part II: Nanomaterials in CE.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adam, Vojtech; Vaculovicova, Marketa

    2017-10-01

    The scope of this two-part review is to summarize publications dealing with CE and nanomaterials together. This topic can be viewed from two broad perspectives, and this article is trying to highlight these two approaches: (i) CE of nanomaterials, and (ii) nanomaterials in CE. The second part aims at summarization of publications dealing with application of nanomaterials for enhancement of CE performance either in terms of increasing the separation resolution or for improvement of the detection. To increase the resolution, nanomaterials are employed as either surface modification of the capillary wall forming open tubular column or as additives to the separation electrolyte resulting in a pseudostationary phase. Moreover, nanomaterials have proven to be very beneficial for increasing also the sensitivity of detection employed in CE or even they enable the detection (e.g., fluorescent tags of nonfluorescent molecules). © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  11. Modeling of Turbidity Variation in Two Reservoirs Connected by a Water Transfer Tunnel in South Korea

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jae Chung Park

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available The Andong and Imha reservoirs in South Korea are connected by a water transfer tunnel. The turbidity of the Imha reservoir is much higher than that of the Andong reservoir. Thus, it is necessary to examine the movement of turbidity between the two reservoirs via the water transfer tunnel. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the water transfer tunnel on the turbidity behavior of the two connecting reservoirs and to further understand the effect of reservoir turbidity distribution as a function of the selective withdrawal depth. This study applied the CE-QUAL-W2, a water quality and 2-dimensional hydrodynamic model, for simulating the hydrodynamic processes of the two reservoirs. Results indicate that, in the Andong reservoir, the turbidity of the released water with the water transfer tunnel was similar to that without the tunnel. However, in the Imha reservoir, the turbidity of the released water with the water transfer tunnel was lower than that without the tunnel. This can be attributed to the higher capacity of the Andong reservoir, which has double the storage of the Imha reservoir. Withdrawal turbidity in the Imha reservoir was investigated using the water transfer tunnel. This study applied three withdrawal selections as elevation (EL. 141.0 m, 146.5 m, and 152.0 m. The highest withdrawal turbidity resulted in EL. 141.0 m, which indicates that the high turbidity current is located at a vertical depth of about 20–30 m because of the density difference. These results will be helpful for understanding the release and selective withdrawal turbidity behaviors for a water transfer tunnel between two reservoirs.

  12. Pyrazolates advance cerium chemistry: a CeIII/CeIV redox equilibrium with benzoquinone.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Werner, Daniel; Deacon, Glen B; Junk, Peter C; Anwander, Reiner

    2017-05-16

    Two stable cerium(iv) 3,5-dialkylpyrazolate complexes are presented, namely dimeric [Ce(Me 2 pz) 4 ] 2 (Me 2 pz = 3,5-dimethylpyrazolate) and monomeric Ce(tBu 2 pz) 4 (tBu 2 pz = 3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazolate) along with their trivalent counterparts [Ce(Me 2 pz) 3 ] and [Ce(tBu 2 pz) 3 ] 2 . All complexes were obtained from protonolysis reactions employing the silylamide precursors Ce[N(SiHMe 2 ) 2 ] 4 and Ce[N(SiMe 3 ) 2 ] 3 . Treatment of homoleptic Ce IV and Ce III Me 2 pz complexes with 1,4-hydroquinone (H 2 hq) or 1,4-benzoquinone (bq), respectively, ultimately gave the same trimetallic Ce III species via a cerium redox equilibrium. The Ce III complex Ce 3 (Me 2 pz) 5 (pchd) 2 (L) (pchd = 1,4-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)cyclohex-2,5-diene-1,4-diolato; L = Me 2 pzH or (thf) 2 ) results from a di-1,4-pyrazolyl attack on pre-coordinated bq. The reduction of bq by [Ce(Me 2 pz) 3 (thf)] 2 , and re-oxidation by the resulting Ce IV species was supported by UV-vis spectroscopic investigations. Comparisons with the redox-innocent complexes [Ln(Me 2 pz) 3 (thf)] 2 (Ln = La and Pr) revealed far less selective reactions with bq, giving hexametallic and octametallic rare-earth metal side products containing 2-Me 2 pz substituted hq ligands.

  13. EPR study of concentration dependence in Ce, Ce : La and Ce:Y doped SrF2

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Dankert, O.; Vainchtein, David; Datema, H.C.; den Hartog, Hendrik

    1995-01-01

    Experimental results of an EPR-study of the concentration dependence of the doubly integrated intensity and linewidth of the signals associated with tetragonal Ce3+-F--dipoles in Sr1-xCexF2+x, Sr-1-0.005-x Ce0.005LaxF2+0.005+x and Sr-1-0.005-x Ce0.005YxF2+0.005+x are presented. Both show a nonlinear

  14. Photoluminescence properties of Tb3Al5O12:Ce3+ garnet synthesized by the metal organic decomposition method

    Science.gov (United States)

    Onishi, Yuya; Nakamura, Toshihiro; Adachi, Sadao

    2017-02-01

    Tb3Al5O12:Ce3+ garnet (TAG:Ce3+) phosphor was synthesized by the metal organic decomposition (MOD) method and subsequent calcination at Tc = 800-1200°C for 1 h in air. The effects of Ce3+ concentration on the phosphor properties were investigated in detail using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, photoluminescence (PL) analysis, PL excitation (PLE) spectroscopy, and PL decay measurements. The maximum intensity in the Ce3+ yellow emission was observed at the Ce3+ concentration of ∼0.20%. PLE and PL decay measurements suggested an evidence of the energy transfer from Tb3+ to Ce3+. Calcination temperature dependence of the XRD and PL intensities yielded an energy of ∼1.5 eV both for the TAG formation in the MOD process and for the optical activation of Ce3+ in its lattice sites. Temperature dependences of the PL intensity for the TAG:Ce3+ yellow-emitting and K2SiF6:Mn4+ red-emitting phosphors were also examined for the future solid-state lighting applications at T = 20-500 K in 10-K steps. The data of TAG:Ce3+ were analyzed using a theoretical model with considering a reservoir level of Et ∼9 meV, yielding a quenching energy of Eq ∼0.35 eV, whereas the K2SiF6:Mn4+ red-emitting phosphor data yielded a value of Eq ∼1.0 eV. The schematic energy-level diagrams for Tb3+ and Ce3+ were proposed for the sake of a better understanding of these ions in the TAG host.

  15. Experimental infection of two South American reservoirs with four distinct strains of Trypanosoma cruzi

    Science.gov (United States)

    Roellig, Dawn M.; McMillan, Katherine; Ellis, Angela E.; Vandeberg, John L.; Champagne, Donald E.; Yabsley, Michael J.

    2010-01-01

    SUMMARY Trypanosoma cruzi (Tc), the causative agent of Chagas disease, is a diverse species with 2 primary genotypes, TcI and TcII, with TcII further subdivided into 5 subtypes (IIa–e). This study evaluated infection dynamics of 4 genetically and geographically diverse T. cruzi strains in 2 South American reservoirs, degus (Octodon degus) and grey short-tailed opossums (Monodelphis domestica). Based on prior suggestions of a genotype-host association, we hypothesized that degus (placental) would more readily become infected with TcII strains while short-tailed opossums (marsupial) would be a more competent reservoir for a TcI strain. Individuals (n = 3) of each species were intraperitoneally inoculated with T. cruzi trypomastigotes of TcIIa [North America (NA)-raccoon (Procyon lotor) origin], TcI [NA-Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana)], TcIIb [South America (SA)-human], TcIIe (SA-Triatoma infestans), or both TcI and TcIIa. Parasitaemias in experimentally infected degus peaked earlier (7–14 days post-inoculation (p.i.)) compared with short-tailed opossums (21–84 days p.i.). Additionally, peak parasitaemias were higher in degus; however, the duration of detectable parasitaemias for all strains, except TcIIa, was greater in short-tailed opossums. Infections established in both host species with all genotypes, except for TcIIa, which did not establish a detectable infection in short-tailed opossums. These results indicate that both South American reservoirs support infections with these isolates from North and South America; however, infection dynamics differed with host and parasite strain. PMID:20128943

  16. Coherence Kondo gap in CeNiSn and CeRhSb

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Takabatake, T.; Nakamoto, G.; Tanaka, H.; Bando, Y.; Fujii, H.; Nishigori, S.; Goshima, H.; Suzuki, T.; Fujita, T.; Oguro, I.; Hiraoka, T.; Malik, S.K.

    1994-01-01

    CeNiSn and CeRhSb are Kondo-lattice compounds showing the behavior of a small-gap semiconductor at temperatures below 7 K. We review and discuss the magnetic, transport and specific-heat measurements performed on single crystals of CeNiSn and polycrystals of CeRhSb. Prerequisites for gap formation are deduced from the effects of substitution and application of a magnetic field and pressure on the gapped state. ((orig.))

  17. APPLICATION OF INTEGRATED RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT AND RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jack Bergeron; Tom Blasingame; Louis Doublet; Mohan Kelkar; George Freeman; Jeff Callard; David Moore; David Davies; Richard Vessell; Brian Pregger; Bill Dixon; Bryce Bezant

    2000-03-01

    Reservoir performance and characterization are vital parameters during the development phase of a project. Infill drilling of wells on a uniform spacing, without regard to characterization does not optimize development because it fails to account for the complex nature of reservoir heterogeneities present in many low permeability reservoirs, especially carbonate reservoirs. These reservoirs are typically characterized by: (1) large, discontinuous pay intervals; (2) vertical and lateral changes in reservoir properties; (3) low reservoir energy; (4) high residual oil saturation; and (5) low recovery efficiency. The operational problems they encounter in these types of reservoirs include: (1) poor or inadequate completions and stimulations; (2) early water breakthrough; (3) poor reservoir sweep efficiency in contacting oil throughout the reservoir as well as in the nearby well regions; (4) channeling of injected fluids due to preferential fracturing caused by excessive injection rates; and (5) limited data availability and poor data quality. Infill drilling operations only need target areas of the reservoir which will be economically successful. If the most productive areas of a reservoir can be accurately identified by combining the results of geological, petrophysical, reservoir performance, and pressure transient analyses, then this ''integrated'' approach can be used to optimize reservoir performance during secondary and tertiary recovery operations without resorting to ''blanket'' infill drilling methods. New and emerging technologies such as geostatistical modeling, rock typing, and rigorous decline type curve analysis can be used to quantify reservoir quality and the degree of interwell communication. These results can then be used to develop a 3-D simulation model for prediction of infill locations. The application of reservoir surveillance techniques to identify additional reservoir ''pay'' zones

  18. Influence of Ce-H bonding on the physical properties of the hydrides CeCoSiH1.0 and CeCoGeH1.0

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chevalier, B; Matar, S F; Menetrier, M; Marcos, J Sanchez; Fernandez, J Rodriguez

    2006-01-01

    The hydrides CeCoSiH 1.0 and CeCoGeH 1.0 which crystallize like the parent antiferromagnetic compounds CeCoSi and CeCoGe in the tetragonal CeFeSi-type structure, have been investigated by specific heat and thermoelectric power measurements and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). CeCoSiH 1.0 is an intermediate valence compound whereas CeCoGeH 1.0 can be considered as a nearly trivalent cerium compound. This behaviour is corroborated by the occurrence of a slight broadening of the 1 H NMR signal in the sequence CeCoSiH 1.0 → CeCoGeH 1.0 . The band structure calculations performed on these hydrides reveal the existence of strong bonding Ce-H interaction, found to be larger in CeCoSiH 1.0 than in CeCoGeH 1.0

  19. Reservoir characterization of Pennsylvanian sandstone reservoirs. Final report

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kelkar, M.

    1995-02-01

    This final report summarizes the progress during the three years of a project on Reservoir Characterization of Pennsylvanian Sandstone Reservoirs. The report is divided into three sections: (i) reservoir description; (ii) scale-up procedures; (iii) outcrop investigation. The first section describes the methods by which a reservoir can be described in three dimensions. The next step in reservoir description is to scale up reservoir properties for flow simulation. The second section addresses the issue of scale-up of reservoir properties once the spatial descriptions of properties are created. The last section describes the investigation of an outcrop.

  20. Nuclear register applications and pressure tests to foresee reservoirs exploitation with water drive; Aplicaciones de registros nucleares y pruebas de presion para predecir el grado de explotacion de reservorios con impulsion de agua

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Osorio F, X.; Redosado G, V. [PETROPERU S.A., Lima (Peru)

    1994-12-31

    This paper illustrates how the pulsed neutron log and well test analysis aid proper reservoir management in strong water reservoirs. These techniques have been applied to Cetico reservoir which belongs to Corrientes Field which is located in the Peruvian Jungle. Corrientes is the most important field operated by PETROPERU S.A. As a result of the analysis we current know the present areal water saturation distribution and also have improve the reservoir characterization al of which is being used for increasing the oil production and reserves. (author). 4 refs, 7 figs, 3 tabs.

  1. Détermination de la qualité de l'eau de coco en fonction du stade de maturation des noix et lors de sa stabilisation par chauffage ohmique et filtration membranaire

    OpenAIRE

    Prades, Alexia

    2011-01-01

    L'eau de coco, liquide transparent situé dans la noix de coco (Cocos nucifera L.), est une boisson tropicale rafraîchissante dont le marché est en pleine expansion. Ce jus de fruit possède des propriétés originales dues à sa composition en sels minéraux, sa faible teneur en sucres solubles et son arôme. Cependant, ses propriétés physico-chimiques ont été peu étudiées et sa stabilisation reste un défi technologique, notamment en raison de la présence de deux enzymes PPO et POD et de la thermos...

  2. Lingon sa Iskolarsyip sa Dulaan (1948-2007 Looking Back on Theater Scholarship (1948-2007

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Apolonio B. Chua

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available From 1948 to 2007, the academic community produced about a hundred titles of theses and dissertations on drama and theater, or made use of data from drama and theater for larger spheres of studies. The current article looked into identifying trends and points of emphasis, as the researches and studies progressed through roughly half a century of research production in the academic setting. Inductive in approach and tentative and exploratory in its analysis, the study identified four trends and points of emphasis in research production. In the fifties and sixties, the emphasis was more on studying the play text or drama; studies veered towards a literary reading and orientation. Eventually, this trend gave way to studying the larger phenomenon of mounting, and the mise en scéne and the spectator became additional units of concern for research. Studies began to have sections on props, costumes, and staging techniques. In the eighties, a larger concern for looking at theater as social production followed. Participant observation, field work and ethnography gave equal emphasis on the social context of theater. Marxism and other perspectives from the social sciences framed theater studies then; correlations between theater and society became useful. Towards the last decade of the century, theater studies aimed at a more conceptual approach, emphasizing core concepts like panata and other related or equivalent terms, elevating and defining the study of theater as a study of culture itself. Gamit ang mahigit sa sandaang tesis at disertasyon hinggil sa dula at dulaan o sinasangkot ang mga ito na lumabas sa akademya mula 1948 hanggang 2007, kapwa sa Unibersidad ng Pilipinas at sa iba pa, nilayon ng “Lingon sa Iskolarsyip sa Dulaan (1948-2007” na pulsuhan ang pangkalahatang daloy, tutok, tunguhin o kalakaran sa pagdadala ng mga pag-aaral. Panimula at exploratory sa inductive nitong lapat, nakatukoy ang pag-aaral ng apat na sapit o tutok sa daloy ng

  3. Atenção à saúde bucal das Pessoas que Vivem com HIV/Aids na perspectiva dos cirurgiões-dentistas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lizaldo Andrade Maia

    Full Text Available Este artigo descreve a dimensão do processo de atenção à saúde bucal das Pessoas que Vivem com HIV/Aids em Fortaleza (CE, sob a ótica dos dentistas. Estudo transversal quantitativo descritivo-analítico. A coleta de dados foi realizada aleatoriamente com 170 dentistas do Sistema Único de Saúde, Centros de Saúde da Família e Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas. Para a análise estatística, calculou-se o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson, T Independente e Correlação de Spearman. O acesso, a estrutura física, a biossegurança e a formação profissional não são considerados satisfatórios para a atenção e influenciam na predisposição dos profissionais em atender esses pacientes.

  4. Reservoir management

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Satter, A.; Varnon, J.E.; Hoang, M.T.

    1992-01-01

    A reservoir's life begins with exploration leading to discovery followed by delineation of the reservoir, development of the field, production by primary, secondary and tertiary means, and finally to abandonment. Sound reservoir management is the key to maximizing economic operation of the reservoir throughout its entire life. Technological advances and rapidly increasing computer power are providing tools to better manage reservoirs and are increasing the gap between good and neural reservoir management. The modern reservoir management process involves goal setting, planning, implementing, monitoring, evaluating, and revising plans. Setting a reservoir management strategy requires knowledge of the reservoir, availability of technology, and knowledge of the business, political, and environmental climate. Formulating a comprehensive management plan involves depletion and development strategies, data acquisition and analyses, geological and numerical model studies, production and reserves forecasts, facilities requirements, economic optimization, and management approval. This paper provides management, engineers, geologists, geophysicists, and field operations staff with a better understanding of the practical approach to reservoir management using a multidisciplinary, integrated team approach

  5. Reservoir management

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Satter, A.; Varnon, J.E.; Hoang, M.T.

    1992-01-01

    A reservoir's life begins with exploration leading to discovery followed by delineation of the reservoir, development of the field, production by primary, secondary and tertiary means, and finally to abandonment. Sound reservoir management is the key to maximizing economic operation of the reservoir throughout its entire life. Technological advances and rapidly increasing computer power are providing tools to better manage reservoirs and are increasing the gap between good and neutral reservoir management. The modern reservoir management process involves goal setting, planning, implementing, monitoring, evaluating, and revising plans. Setting a reservoir management strategy requires knowledge of the reservoir, availability of technology, and knowledge of the business, political, and environmental climate. Formulating a comprehensive management plan involves depletion and development strategies, data acquisition and analyses, geological and numerical model studies, production and reserves forecasts, facilities requirements, economic optimization, and management approval. This paper provides management, engineers geologists, geophysicists, and field operations staff with a better understanding of the practical approach to reservoir management using a multidisciplinary, integrated team approach

  6. Comment on “Synthesis of ceria (CeO_2 and CeO_2_−_x) nanoparticles via decarbonation and Ce(III) oxidation of synthetic bastnaesite (CeCO_3F)” by Montes-Hernandez et al

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gysi, Alexander P.; Williams-Jones, Anthony E.

    2016-01-01

    Montes-Hernandez et al. [5] recently reported results of a study of the decarbonation of fine-grained synthetic bastnäsite-(Ce) precipitates involving the oxidation of Ce(III) to Ce(IV) and the formation of ceria (CeO_2 and CeO_2_-_x with oxygen vacancies) nano-particles. The purpose of their study was to show that oxidation of Ce(III) to Ce(IV) occurs spontaneously during heating of bastnäsite-(Ce) in air, a vacuum, N_2 or Ar gas. However, their interpretation of the formation of CeO_2 is not supported by the findings of Gysi and Williams-Jones [3], who showed that natural bastnäsite-(Ce) decomposes to form rare earth element (REE) oxyfluorides (REEOF). The latter was documented using differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TGA) experiments under a deoxygenated N_2 atmosphere. In their experiments, Gysi and Williams-Jones [3] found no evidence for the oxidation of Ce(III) to Ce(IV). This raises the question of whether the experiments of Montes-Hernandez et al. [5] in a N_2 atmosphere (and by extension in an Ar atmosphere) were compromised because of contamination by O_2 and that, as a result, they reached the erroneous conclusion that Ce(III) oxidizes spontaneously to Ce(IV) during heating of bastnäsite-(Ce) under these conditions. In order to explain the disagreement between their findings and those of Gysi and Williams-Jones [3], Montes-Hernandez et al. [5], proposed that the X-ray diffraction data of the former study were incorrectly interpreted. Here, we provide further evidence that the natural bastnäsite-(Ce) employed in the study by Gysi and Williams-Jones [3] decomposed to form REE oxyfluorides (i.e., CeOF, LaOF, PrOF and NdOF) and not CeO_2, and supply explanations for why Montes-Hernandez et al. [5] erroneously concluded that CeO_2 is produced during decomposition of this mineral under N_2 and Ar atmospheres. In so doing, we hope to provide new insights into the decomposition of bastnäsite-(Ce) that will help guide future

  7. Lattice dynamics of γ--Ce

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gould, T.A.

    1978-08-01

    The phonon and magnetic measurements described in the thesis produced the following significant results concerning the lattice dynamical and magnetic properties of γ-Ce. The phonon spectrum is relatively soft, which is consistent with results obtained for CeSn 3 . The L [110] and T [111] branches of the dispersion curve are anomalous. The C 11 and C 44 elastic constants are quite close in value. No discrete magnetic excitations were observed. The magnetic scattering is qualitatively similar to the results from Ce 0 . 74 Th 0 . 26 , however, GAMMA/sub Ce/ less than GAMMA/sub Ce-Th/. The various lattice dynamical and magnetic similarities among γ-Ce, CeSn 3 , and Ce 0 . 74 Th 0 . 26 are mixed valence compounds. Therefore, a complete theoretical description of the observed properties of Ce and its compounds may provide a basis for understanding a whole class of mixed valence materials

  8. Hydrothermal synthesis and tunable luminescent properties of Sr{sub 2-x}Dy {sub x}CeO{sub 4} rod-like phosphors derived from co-precipitation precursors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    He Xianghong [School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Teachers' University of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213001 (China) and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Chemistry and Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213001 (China)]. E-mail: hexh@jstu.edu.cn; Li Weihua [School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Teachers' University of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213001 (China); Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Chemistry and Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213001 (China); Zhou Quanfa [School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Teachers' University of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213001 (China); Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Chemistry and Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213001 (China)

    2006-09-25

    Uniform rod-like Sr{sub 2-x}Dy {sub x}CeO{sub 4} nano-phosphors with orthorhombic structure were prepared via a hydrothermal method, in the absence of any surfactant or template. The structure, morphology, particle size, and tunable luminescence properties of the samples were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), UV-vis absorption and photoluminescence spectrum, respectively. The as-prepared phase-pure Sr{sub 2-x}Dy {sub x}CeO{sub 4} nanorods had the length of 50-150 nm and width of 80 nm. The Dy{sup 3+} ions emission in Sr{sub 2-x}Dy {sub x}CeO{sub 4} could be effectively excited through the energy absorbed by Sr{sub 2}CeO{sub 4} host. The tunable photoluminescence has been observed from Sr{sub 2}CeO{sub 4} doped with Dy{sup 3+} ions. Emission color of Sr{sub 2-x}Dy {sub x}CeO{sub 4} phosphor could be regulated from blue-white to white to yellow by adjusting the Dy{sup 3+} doping content in Sr{sub 2}CeO{sub 4} host, which originated from energy transfer between two different emission centers.

  9. Saúde Ambiental: uma Análise dos Resultados das Conferências Nacionais de Meio Ambiente, Saúde e Saúde Ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Beatriz Maury de Carvalho

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available A representação nas políticas públicas do conceito de saúde ambiental, como expressão do equilíbrio da rede de conexões entre a sociedade humana e a natureza é discutida neste trabalho, no intuito de demonstrar o status quo da saúde ambiental nas políticas públicas no país. Primeiro foi traçado o histórico da “ambientalização na saúde”, do conceito de saúde ambiental e da institucionalização das políticas ambientais e de saúde ambiental no âmbito dos Ministérios do Meio Ambiente e da Saúde. As interações entre as políticas de Saúde e de Meio Ambiente para a efetivação de uma Política Nacional de Saúde Ambiental e as intersecções dos resultados das Conferências Nacionais de Saúde, Meio Ambiente e Saúde Ambiental foram analisadas; concluindo- se com os avanços conseguidos pelos dois setores, os desafios para a articulação intersetorial e a participação social para a construção de políticas públicas de saúde ambiental.

  10. Dopant concentration dependence of radiation-induced positive hysteresis of Ce:GSO and Ce:GSOZ

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yanagida, Takayuki; Fujimoto, Yutaka; Watanabe, Kenichi

    2014-01-01

    Positive hysteresis and radiation tolerance to high-dose radiation exposure were investigated for Ce 0.5, 1, and 1.5%-doped Gd 2 SiO 5 (GSO) and for Zr co-doped GSO with the same Ce concentrations (GSOZ). When they were irradiated by 200–800 Gy 60 Co in 200 Gy steps, all Ce-doped GSO samples exhibited light yield enhancement (positive hysteresis). On the other hand, the light yield of GSOZ decreased greatly. Ce 0.5%-doped GSO showed the highest positive hysteresis, with ∼20% light yield enhancement. When the Ce concentration was increased, the positive hysteresis became weaker. - Highlights: • Positive hysteresis Ce 0.5, 1, and 1.5% doped GSO and GSOZ are studied. • Ce 0.5, 1, and 1.5% doped GSO show the positive hysteresis by 2–8 M rad 60 Co irradiation. • Ce 0.5, 1, and 1.5% doped GSOZ do not show the positive hysteresis. • By Zn co-doping, radiation tolerance of GSO becomes weaker. • By dense Ce doping, radiation tolerance of GSO and GSOZ are improved

  11. Tuning Ce distribution for high performanced Nd-Ce-Fe-B sintered magnets

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Fan, Xiaodong [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048 (China); Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo 315201 (China); Guo, Shuai; Chen, Kan; Chen, Renjie; Lee, Don [Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo 315201 (China); You, Caiyin, E-mail: caiyinyou@xaut.edu.cn [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048 (China); Yan, Aru, E-mail: aruyan@nimte.ac.cn [Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo 315201 (China)

    2016-12-01

    A dual-alloy method was applied to tune the distribution of Ce for enhancing the performance of Nd-Ce-Fe-B sintered magnets with a nominal composition of (Nd{sub 0.75}Ce{sub 0.25}){sub 30.5}Fe{sub bal}Al{sub 0.1}Cu{sub 0.1}B. In comparison to the single alloy of (Nd{sub 0.75}Ce{sub 0.25}){sub 30.5}Fe{sub bal}Al{sub 0.1}Cu{sub 0.1}B, the coercivity was enhanced from 10.3 kOe to 12.1 kOe and the remanence was increased from 13.1 kG to 13.3 kG for the magnets with a dual-alloy method. In addition, the remanence temperature coefficient α and coercivity temperature coefficient β were also slightly improved for the magnet with the dual alloys. The results of microstructure characterizations show the uniform distribution of Ce for the magnet with a single alloy, and the coexistence of the Ce-rich and Ce-lean regions for the magnet with the dual alloys. In combinations with the nucleation of reversal domains and magnetic recoil curves, the property enhancement of magnets with a dual-alloy method was well explained. - Highlights: • Improved magnetic properties were obtained in dual-alloy magnet. • This is due to the tuning of Ce distribution and the change in microstructure. • The magnetic hardening effect can be observed in dual-alloy magnet.

  12. Influence of surface functionalization on structural and photo-luminescence properties of CeF{sub 3}:Tb nanoparticles

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ansari, Anees A., E-mail: aneesaansari@gmail.com

    2017-07-01

    Graphical abstract: We designed highly aqueous dispersible CeF{sub 3}:Tb@LaF{sub 3}@SiO{sub 2} nanoparticles. The epitaxial growth of inert LaF{sub 3} shell and further amorphous silica, respectively, enhanced their optical and luminescence properties, which is highly usable for luminescent biolabeling, and optical bio-probe etc. - Abstract: Highly luminescent and aqueous soluble CeF{sub 3}:Tb (core),CeF{sub 3}:Tb@LaF{sub 3}(core/shell) and CeF{sub 3}:Tb@LaF{sub 3}@ SiO{sub 2} (core/shell/Si) nanoparticles(NPs) with mean particle size 12 nm were prepared by co-precipitation method at low temperature. X-ray diffraction pattern verified the phase purity, high crystallinity of hexagonal structure. The TEM image and SAED pattern revealed the single phase polycrystalline nature, well-dispersed irregular shaped hexagonal structure. FTIR spectra show the characteristic infrared peaks of silica, it suggests the successful silica surface coating around the core/shell NPs. The excitation and emission intensity of core/shell NPs were remarkably increased then their counterpart core NPs. It implies that a significant amount of nonradiative transition centers existing on the surface of core NPs has been eliminated due to the formation of passivated LaF{sub 3} layer. The silica surface modification over the core/shell NPs strikingly enhanced the solubility character in an aqueous environment.

  13. Fabrication of Nano-CeO2 and Application of Nano-CeO2 in Fe Matrix Composites

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tiebao, W.; Chunxiang, C.; Xiaodong, W.; Guobin, L.

    2010-01-01

    It is expatiated that nano-CeO2 is fabricated by the direct sedimentation method. The components and particles diameter of nano-CeO2 powders are analyzed by XRD and SEM . The thermodynamic analysis and acting mechanism of nano-CeO2 with Al in Fe matrix composites are researched, which shows that the reaction is generated between CeO2 and Al in the composite, that is, 3CeO2+4Al - 2Al2O3+3[Ce], which obtains Al2O3 and active [Ce] during the sintering process. The active [Ce] can improve the performance of CeO2/Fe matrix composites. The suitable amount of CeO2 is about 0.05% in CeO2/Fe matrix composites. SEM fracture analysis shows that the toughness sockets in nano-CeO2/Fe matrix composites are more than those in no-added nano-CeO2 composites, which can explain that adding nano-CeO2 into Fe matrix composite, the toughness of the composite is improved significantly. Applied nano-CeO2 to Fe matrix diamond saw blades shows that Fe matrix diamond saw blade is sharper and of longer cutting life than that with no-added nano-CeO2.

  14. ¿De patricios a plebeyos? SociologÌa de las elites políticas. El Senado y los senadores argentinos en la primera década del siglo xxi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriel Levita

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo indaga acerca de los rasgos sociológicos de las elites políticas argentinas de la actualidad, realizando una aproximación cuantitativa a las características sociales y carreras políticas de los senadores nacionales argentinos del periodo 2001-2011, a partir de una matriz de datos construida por el autor. La información se presenta desglosada en distintas variables según partido y muestra cómo, en relación con periodos anteriores, se da una pluralización de perfiles. Al mismo tiempo, los legisladores justicialistas constituyen una población marcadamente más heterogénea que los radicales. El trabajo muestra que las reformas institucionales que se terminaron de implementar en el Senado en 2001 abrieron la Cámara Alta a los mismos procesos de cambios y continuidades en las elites políticas que ya afectaban a otras instituciones de gobierno, provocando una pluralización de características sociales y carreras políticas, y el modo en que estas características y carreras se pluralizaron estuvo determinado por las diferencias en los desempeños electorales que tuvo cada partido junto con sus distintos tipos de reclutamiento, en el marco de procesos de diversificación y especialización de la sociedad.

  15. 76 FR 13063 - Airworthiness Directives; EUROCOPTER FRANCE Model SA330F, SA330G, and SA330J Helicopters

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-03-10

    ... Airworthiness Directives; EUROCOPTER FRANCE Model SA330F, SA330G, and SA330J Helicopters AGENCY: Federal... system and the pedals rocking forward. After investigation, it was determined that the Loctite bond on the ``tall pilot'' stop nut was damaged, most likely due to aging of the adhesive. The nut came loose...

  16. Biological reduction-deposition and luminescent properties of nanostructured CePO{sub 4}@NaCe(SO{sub 4}){sub 2}(H{sub 2}O) and CePO{sub 4}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yu, Xiaoniu [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189 (China); Research Institute of Green Construction Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189 (China); Qian, Chunxiang, E-mail: cxqian@seu.edu.cn [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189 (China); Research Institute of Green Construction Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189 (China)

    2016-03-01

    Nano-sized CePO{sub 4}@NaCe(SO{sub 4}){sub 2}(H{sub 2}O) and CePO{sub 4} with hexagonal phase have been prepared by simply varying the reactant P/Ce molar ratio in bacterial liquid. The phase composition of two samples was checked via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, displaying the presence of CePO{sub 4}@NaCe(SO{sub 4}){sub 2}(H{sub 2}O) and CePO{sub 4} with average crystallite size are 32.34 and 15.61 nm, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that nano-clusters and sphere-like in shape with a narrow diameter distribution were observed in two samples. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) photographs further indicate obtained CePO{sub 4}@NaCe(SO{sub 4}){sub 2}(H{sub 2}O) and CePO{sub 4} nanoparticles correspond to nanosheets and nanorods, respectively. The emission spectra of CePO{sub 4}@NaCe(SO{sub 4}){sub 2}(H{sub 2}O) and CePO{sub 4} display a broad band of 300–380 nm range with the strongest emission at 342 nm in the violet region. - Highlights: • A new method was found to synthesize CePO{sub 4}@NaCe(SO{sub 4}){sub 2}(H{sub 2}O) and CePO{sub 4} nanoparticles. • CePO{sub 4}@NaCe(SO{sub 4}){sub 2}(H{sub 2}O) nanoparticles have good luminescent properties. • Size and luminescent properties of two samples have been studied and compared.

  17. Comment on “Synthesis of ceria (CeO{sub 2} and CeO{sub 2−x}) nanoparticles via decarbonation and Ce(III) oxidation of synthetic bastnaesite (CeCO{sub 3}F)” by Montes-Hernandez et al

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gysi, Alexander P., E-mail: agysi@mines.edu [Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1516 Illinois Street, Golden, CO, 80401 (United States); Williams-Jones, Anthony E. [Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, 3450 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3A 2A7 (Canada)

    2016-11-01

    Montes-Hernandez et al. [5] recently reported results of a study of the decarbonation of fine-grained synthetic bastnäsite-(Ce) precipitates involving the oxidation of Ce(III) to Ce(IV) and the formation of ceria (CeO{sub 2} and CeO{sub 2-x} with oxygen vacancies) nano-particles. The purpose of their study was to show that oxidation of Ce(III) to Ce(IV) occurs spontaneously during heating of bastnäsite-(Ce) in air, a vacuum, N{sub 2} or Ar gas. However, their interpretation of the formation of CeO{sub 2} is not supported by the findings of Gysi and Williams-Jones [3], who showed that natural bastnäsite-(Ce) decomposes to form rare earth element (REE) oxyfluorides (REEOF). The latter was documented using differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TGA) experiments under a deoxygenated N{sub 2} atmosphere. In their experiments, Gysi and Williams-Jones [3] found no evidence for the oxidation of Ce(III) to Ce(IV). This raises the question of whether the experiments of Montes-Hernandez et al. [5] in a N{sub 2} atmosphere (and by extension in an Ar atmosphere) were compromised because of contamination by O{sub 2} and that, as a result, they reached the erroneous conclusion that Ce(III) oxidizes spontaneously to Ce(IV) during heating of bastnäsite-(Ce) under these conditions. In order to explain the disagreement between their findings and those of Gysi and Williams-Jones [3], Montes-Hernandez et al. [5], proposed that the X-ray diffraction data of the former study were incorrectly interpreted. Here, we provide further evidence that the natural bastnäsite-(Ce) employed in the study by Gysi and Williams-Jones [3] decomposed to form REE oxyfluorides (i.e., CeOF, LaOF, PrOF and NdOF) and not CeO{sub 2}, and supply explanations for why Montes-Hernandez et al. [5] erroneously concluded that CeO{sub 2} is produced during decomposition of this mineral under N{sub 2} and Ar atmospheres. In so doing, we hope to provide new insights into the decomposition of

  18. Magnetic and electronic properties in CeTSi3 and CeTGe3 (T: transition metal)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shimoda, T.; Okuda, Y.; Takeda, Y.; Ida, Y.; Miyauchi, Y.; Kawai, T.; Fujie, T.; Sugitani, I.; Thamizhavel, A.; Matsuda, T.D.; Haga, Y.; Takeuchi, T.; Nakashima, M.; Settai, R.; Onuki, Y.

    2007-01-01

    We investigated the magnetic properties of CeTSi 3 (T: Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Pd and Pt) and CeTGe 3 (T: Co, Rh and Ir) by measuring their electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility. CeRuSi 3 , CeOsSi 3 and CeCoSi 3 do not order magnetically, with a large Kondo temperature of about 200K. The other compounds order antiferromagnetically, and are very similar to each other in their magnetic and electronic properties, which is related to a large crystalline electric field (CEF) splitting energy of the 4f electron, about 500K in CeIrSi 3

  19. Structural and magnetic properties of Ce/Fe and Ce/FeCoV multilayers

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tixier, S; Boeni, P [Paul Scherrer Inst. (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland); Mannix, D; Stirling, W G [Liverpool Univ. (United Kingdom); Lander, G H

    1997-09-01

    Ce/Fe and Ce/FeCoV multilayers have been grown by magnetron sputtering. The interfaces are well defined and the layers are crystalline down to an individual layer thickness of 20 A. Ce/FeCoV multilayers show sharper interfaces than Ce/Fe but some loss of crystallinity is observed. Hysteresis loops obtained by SQUID show different behaviour of the bulk magnetisation as a function of the layer thickness. Fe moments are found by Moessbauer spectroscopy to be perpendicular to the interfaces for multilayers with small periodicity. (author) 2 figs., 2 refs.

  20. Promoção da saúde, qualidade de vida e iniquidade em saúde: reflexões para a saúde pública.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aline Rodrigues de ALMEIDA

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available A ideia de promover saúde tem se tornado uma energia fundamental no movimento de saúde coletiva, no qual saúde é um fenômeno social e marcado por iniquidades. Este trabalho teve como objetivo compreender as relações entre promoção da saúde e iniquidades de acesso e assistência em saúde, identificandoos entraves para uma prática equânime da saúde pública com ênfase à qualidade de vida. Os diferentes perfis de doença e suas mediações sociais ultrapassam os estudos de variação biológica e incorpora o foco na dimensão social das vulnerabilidades. Para promover saúde no Brasil, é indissociável do enfrentamento de uma realidade de iniquidades históricas de grandes proporções que impõem desafios cotidianos não apenas ao setor de saúde, mas a todos aqueles que constroem políticas públicas. A qualidade de vida depende da satisfação das necessidades básicas de todos os cidadãos, propondo uma gestão baseada na solidariedade social, uma visão holística dos problemas e a redução das iniquidades. A promoção da saúde em um país tão desigual como o Brasil propõe um desafio constante aos atores envolvidos no sistema de saúde. A compreensão das iniquidades em saúde para estabelecer uma assistência holística é um processo difícil, mas extremamente relevante para a saúde pública.

  1. Inhibition of human carboxylesterases hCE1 and hiCE by cholinesterase inhibitors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tsurkan, Lyudmila G; Hatfield, M Jason; Edwards, Carol C; Hyatt, Janice L; Potter, Philip M

    2013-03-25

    Carboxylesterases (CEs) are ubiquitously expressed proteins that are responsible for the detoxification of xenobiotics. They tend to be expressed in tissues likely to be exposed to such agents (e.g., lung and gut epithelia, liver) and can hydrolyze numerous agents, including many clinically used drugs. Due to the considerable structural similarity between cholinesterases (ChE) and CEs, we have assessed the ability of a series of ChE inhibitors to modulate the activity of the human liver (hCE1) and the human intestinal CE (hiCE) isoforms. We observed inhibition of hCE1 and hiCE by carbamate-containing small molecules, including those used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. For example, rivastigmine resulted in greater than 95% inhibition of hiCE that was irreversible under the conditions used. Hence, the administration of esterified drugs, in combination with these carbamates, may inadvertently result in decreased hydrolysis of the former, thereby limiting their efficacy. Therefore drug:drug interactions should be carefully evaluated in individuals receiving ChE inhibitors. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  2. The hydrological calibration and validation of a complexly-linked watershed reservoir model for the Occoquan watershed, Virginia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xu, Zhongyan; Godrej, Adil N.; Grizzard, Thomas J.

    2007-10-01

    SummaryRunoff models such as HSPF and reservoir models such as CE-QUAL-W2 are used to model water quality in watersheds. Most often, the models are independently calibrated to observed data. While this approach can achieve good calibration, it does not replicate the physically-linked nature of the system. When models are linked by using the model output from an upstream model as input to a downstream model, the physical reality of a continuous watershed, where the overland and waterbody portions are parts of the whole, is better represented. There are some additional challenges in the calibration of such linked models, because the aim is to simulate the entire system as a whole, rather than piecemeal. When public entities are charged with model development, one of the driving forces is to use public-domain models. This paper describes the use of two such models, HSPF and CE-QUAL-W2, in the linked modeling of the Occoquan watershed located in northern Virginia, USA. The description of the process is provided, and results from the hydrological calibration and validation are shown. The Occoquan model consists of six HSPF and two CE-QUAL-W2 models, linked in a complex way, to simulate two major reservoirs and the associated drainage areas. The overall linked model was calibrated for a three-year period and validated for a two-year period. The results show that a successful calibration can be achieved using the linked approach, with moderate additional effort. Overall flow balances based on the three-year calibration period at four stream stations showed agreement ranging from -3.95% to +3.21%. Flow balances for the two reservoirs, compared via the daily water surface elevations, also showed good agreement ( R2 values of 0.937 for Lake Manassas and 0.926 for Occoquan Reservoir), when missing (un-monitored) flows were included. Validation of the models ranged from poor to fair for the watershed models and excellent for the waterbody models, thus indicating that the

  3. Varyasyong Leksikal sa mga Dayalektong Mandaya

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dr. Raymund M. Pasion

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Layuning panlahat sa pag-aaral na ito na tuklasin ang varyasyong leksikalsa Wikang Mandaya na matatagpuan sa Probinsyang Davao Oriental. Bilang lunsaran sa paglilikom ng mga datos, ginamit ang mga terminong kultural na pangkabuhayan tulad ng pagsasaka, pangangaso, pangingisda at paghahayupan nanababatay sa Indigenous Knowledge System and Practices (IKSP.Sinikap sagutin sa pagaaral ang suliraning ano-anong varyasyong liksikal ang makikita sa mga terminong kultural na pangkabuhayan ng Mandaya na makikita sa munisipalidad ng Caraga, Manay, Bagangaat Cateel? Disenyong kwalitatibo ginamit.Metodong indehinusat deskriptibo naman ang ginamit mula sa paglilikom hanggang sa pag-aanalisa ng mga datos. Samantalang, ang mga impormante ay pinilisa pamamagitan ng kombinasyong purposive at snow-ball sampling. Natuklasan, na ang wikang Mandaya ay nakitaan ng varyasyong lekisikal ayon sa magkakaiba ang anyo, may pagkakatulad ang anyo, at magkakatulad ang anyo subalit magkakaiba ang bigkas. Gayunpaman, pinaniniwalaang dahil sa paktor na heograpikal, sikolohikal at sosyolohikal na nagaganap sa kanilang kultura ay hindi rin maipagkailang nagyari ang varyasyong leksikal na aspekto nito.

  4. Ce(III)/Ce(IV) in methanesulfonic acid as the positive half cell of a redox flow battery

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Leung, P.K.; Ponce de Leon, C.; Low, C.T.J.; Walsh, F.C.

    2011-01-01

    The characteristics of the Ce(III)/Ce(IV) redox couple in methanesulfonic acid were studied at a platinum disk electrode (0.125 cm 2 ) over a wide range of electrolyte compositions and temperatures: cerium (III) methanesulfonate (0.1-1.2 mol dm -3 ), methanesulfonic acid (0.1-5.0 mol dm -3 ) and electrolyte temperatures (295-333 K). The cyclic voltammetry experiments indicated that the diffusion coefficient of Ce(III) ions was 0.5 x 10 -6 cm 2 s -1 and that the electrochemical kinetics for the oxidation of Ce(III) and the reduction of Ce(IV) was slow. The reversibility of the redox reaction depended on the electrolyte composition and improved at higher electrolyte temperatures. At higher methanesulfonic acid concentrations, the degree of oxygen evolution decreased by up to 50% when the acid concentration increased from 2 to 5 mol dm -3 . The oxidation of Ce(III) and reduction of Ce(IV) were also investigated during a constant current batch electrolysis in a parallel plate zinc-cerium flow cell with a 3-dimensional platinised titanium mesh electrode. The current efficiencies over 4.5 h of the process Ce(III) to Ce(IV) and 3.3 h electrolysis of the reverse reaction Ce(IV) to Ce(III) were 94.0 and 97.6%, respectively. With a 2-dimensional, planar platinised titanium electrode (9 cm 2 area), the redox reaction of the Ce(III)/Ce(IV) system was under mass-transport control, while the reaction on the 3-dimensional mesh electrode was initially under charge-transfer control but became mass-transport controlled after 2.5-3 h of electrolysis. The effect of the side reactions (hydrogen and oxygen evolution) on the current efficiencies and the conversion of Ce(III) and Ce(IV) are discussed.

  5. Fortescue reservoir development and reservoir studies

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Henzell, S.T.; Hicks, G.J.; Horden, M.J.; Irrgang, H.R.; Janssen, E.J.; Kable, C.W.; Mitchell, R.A.H.; Morrell, N.W.; Palmer, I.D.; Seage, N.W.

    1985-03-01

    The Fortescue field in the Gippsland Basin, offshore southeastern Australia is being developed from two platforms (Fortescue A and Cobia A) by Esso Australia Ltd. (operator) and BHP Petroleum. The Fortescue reservoir is a stratigraphic trap at the top of the Latrobe Group of sediments. It overlies the western flank of the Halibut and Cobia fields and is separated from them by a non-net sequence of shales and coals which form a hydraulic barrier between the two systems. Development drilling into the Fortescue reservoir commenced in April 1983 with production coming onstream in May 1983. Fortescue, with booked reserves of 44 stock tank gigalitres (280 million stock tank barrels) of 43/sup 0/ API oil, is the seventh major oil reservoir to be developed in the offshore Gippsland Basin by Esso/BHP. In mid-1984, after drilling a total of 20 exploration and development wells, and after approximately one year of production, a detailed three-dimensional, two-phase reservoir simulation study was performed to examine the recovery efficiency, drainage patterns, pressure performance and production rate potential of the reservoir. The model was validated by history matching an extensive suite of Repeat Formation Test (RFT) pressure data. The results confirmed the reserves basis, and demonstrated that the ultimate oil recovery from the reservoir is not sensitive to production rate. This result is consistent with studies on other high quality Latrobe Group reservoirs in the Gippsland Basin which contain undersaturated crudes and receive very strong water drive from the Basin-wide aquifer system. With the development of the simulation model during the development phase, it has been possible to more accurately define the optimal well pattern for the remainder of the development.

  6. Advantageous Reservoir Characterization Technology in Extra Low Permeability Oil Reservoirs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yutian Luo

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper took extra low permeability reservoirs in Dagang Liujianfang Oilfield as an example and analyzed different types of microscopic pore structures by SEM, casting thin sections fluorescence microscope, and so on. With adoption of rate-controlled mercury penetration, NMR, and some other advanced techniques, based on evaluation parameters, namely, throat radius, volume percentage of mobile fluid, start-up pressure gradient, and clay content, the classification and assessment method of extra low permeability reservoirs was improved and the parameter boundaries of the advantageous reservoirs were established. The physical properties of reservoirs with different depth are different. Clay mineral variation range is 7.0%, and throat radius variation range is 1.81 μm, and start pressure gradient range is 0.23 MPa/m, and movable fluid percentage change range is 17.4%. The class IV reservoirs account for 9.56%, class II reservoirs account for 12.16%, and class III reservoirs account for 78.29%. According to the comparison of different development methods, class II reservoir is most suitable for waterflooding development, and class IV reservoir is most suitable for gas injection development. Taking into account the gas injection in the upper section of the reservoir, the next section of water injection development will achieve the best results.

  7. Application of Integrated Reservoir Management and Reservoir Characterization to Optimize Infill Drilling

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    P. K. Pande

    1998-10-29

    Initial drilling of wells on a uniform spacing, without regard to reservoir performance and characterization, must become a process of the past. Such efforts do not optimize reservoir development as they fail to account for the complex nature of reservoir heterogeneities present in many low permeability reservoirs, and carbonate reservoirs in particular. These reservoirs are typically characterized by: o Large, discontinuous pay intervals o Vertical and lateral changes in reservoir properties o Low reservoir energy o High residual oil saturation o Low recovery efficiency

  8. The role of reservoir characterization in the reservoir management process (as reflected in the Department of Energy`s reservoir management demonstration program)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Fowler, M.L. [BDM-Petroleum Technologies, Bartlesville, OK (United States); Young, M.A.; Madden, M.P. [BDM-Oklahoma, Bartlesville, OK (United States)] [and others

    1997-08-01

    Optimum reservoir recovery and profitability result from guidance of reservoir practices provided by an effective reservoir management plan. Success in developing the best, most appropriate reservoir management plan requires knowledge and consideration of (1) the reservoir system including rocks, and rock-fluid interactions (i.e., a characterization of the reservoir) as well as wellbores and associated equipment and surface facilities; (2) the technologies available to describe, analyze, and exploit the reservoir; and (3) the business environment under which the plan will be developed and implemented. Reservoir characterization is the essential to gain needed knowledge of the reservoir for reservoir management plan building. Reservoir characterization efforts can be appropriately scaled by considering the reservoir management context under which the plan is being built. Reservoir management plans de-optimize with time as technology and the business environment change or as new reservoir information indicates the reservoir characterization models on which the current plan is based are inadequate. BDM-Oklahoma and the Department of Energy have implemented a program of reservoir management demonstrations to encourage operators with limited resources and experience to learn, implement, and disperse sound reservoir management techniques through cooperative research and development projects whose objectives are to develop reservoir management plans. In each of the three projects currently underway, careful attention to reservoir management context assures a reservoir characterization approach that is sufficient, but not in excess of what is necessary, to devise and implement an effective reservoir management plan.

  9. Different magnetic behaviour of the Kondo compounds Al3Ce and Al11Ce3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Benoit, A.; Flouquet, J.; Palleau, J.; Buevoz, J.L.

    1979-08-01

    Neutron diffraction experiments on the Al 3 Ce and Al 11 Ce 3 compounds have been performed on the multidetector of the I.L.L. high flux reactor. No magnetic structure has been detected on the Al 3 Ce compound down to 20 mK. This confirms the non magnetic ground state of Al 3 Ce. For Al 11 Ce 3 , two magnetic structures have been observed: a ferromagnetic one at 4.2 K and an antiferromagnetic one at 2 K. The antiferromagnetic structure, which corresponds to a propagation vector (0,0,1/3), implies a strong reduction of the magnetic moment of determined sites; this reflects the Kondo character of the compounds

  10. Comparison of Spectral and Scintillation Properties of LuAP:Ce and LuAP:Ce,Sc Single Crystals

    Science.gov (United States)

    Petrosyan, Ashot G.; Derdzyan, Marina; Ovanesyan, Karine; Shirinyan, Grigori; Lecoq, Paul; Auffray, Etiennette; Kronberger, Matthias; Frisch, Benjamin; Pedrini, Christian; Dujardin, Christophe

    2009-10-01

    Scintillation properties of LuAP:Ce and LuAP:Ce,Sc crystal series were studied under excitation by gamma-rays from a 137Cs source. Both series demonstrated comparable optical quality in terms of underlying absorption at 260 nm, slope of the optical edge and transmission in the range of emission. The light yield of LuAP:Ce crystals measured in 0.2 cm times 0.2 cm times 0.8 cm pixels increases linearly with the Ce concentration reaching at 0.58 at. % 6448 plusmn 322 ph/MeV and 9911 plusmn 496 ph/MeV in the long and in the short directions respectively (the light yield ratio is 65%) and shows no sign of light saturation. The energy resolution is found to depend, among other factors, on the uniformity of Ce concentration within the pixels and is improved to 7.1 plusmn 0.4% (I = 0.2 cm), 9.5 plusmn 0.5% (I = 0.8 cm). Intentional co-doping with Sc + ions was tested and resulted in increase of the Ce distribution coefficient to about 0.3. This enabled to increase the concentration of Ce in LuAP:Ce,Sc crystals up to 0.7 at. %, while conserving high optical quality. In contrast to LuAP:Ce, the light yield in LuAP:Ce,Sc crystals does not increase with Ce concentration, the photo peak being gradually suppressed. The involved mechanisms are discussed basing on measurements of the unit cell volumes, Ce concentration uniformity, x-ray rocking spectra, absorption spectra of pure and variously doped LuAP crystals, and emission spectra under different excitations.

  11. The future of the reservoirs in the Siret River Basin considering the sediment transport of rivers (ROMANIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Petru OLARIU

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available The Siret River Basin is characterized by an important use of hydro potential, resulted in the number of reservoirs constructed and operational. The cascade power stage of the reservoirs on Bistrita and Siret rivers indicate the anthropic interventions with different purposes (hydro energy, water supply, irrigation etc. in the Siret River Basin. In terms of the capacity in the Siret River Basin there is a dominance of the small capacity reservoirs, which is given by the less than 20 mil m³ volumes. Only two lakes have capacities over 200 mil m³: Izvoru Muntelui on Bistrita River and Siriu on Buzau River. Based on the monitoring of the alluvial flow at the hydrometric stations, from the Siret River Basin, there have been analysed the sediment yield formation and the solid transit dimensions in order to obtain typical values for the geographical areas of this territory. The silting of these reservoirs was monitored by successive topobatimetric measurements performed by the Bureau of Prognosis, Hydrology and Hydrogeology and a compartment within Hidroelectrica S.A. Piatra Neamt Subsidiary. The quantities of the deposited sediments are very impressive. The annual rates range betwee3 000 – 2 000 000 t/year, depending on the size of the hydrographical basin, the capacity of the reservoirs, the liquid flow and many other factors which may influence the upstream transport of sediments. These rates of sedimentation lead to a high degree of silting in the reservoirs. Many of them are silted over 50% of the initial capacity and the others even more. The effects of the silting have an important impact when analysing the effective exploitation of the reservoirs

  12. CeO2-stabilized tetragonal ZrO2 polycrystals (Ce-TZP ceramics)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Andrade Nono, M.C. de.

    1990-12-01

    This work presents the development and the characterization of CeO 2 -stabilized tetragonal ZrO 2 polycrystals (Ce-TZP ceramics), since it is considered candidate material for applications as structural high performance ceramics. Sintered ceramics were fabricated from mixtures of powders containing different CeO 2 content prepared by conventional and nonconventional techniques. These powders and their resultant sintered ceramics were specified by chemical and physical characterization, compactation state and mechanical properties. The chemical characteristics were determined by chemical analysis and the physical characteristics were evaluated by phase content, particle and agglomerate size and aspect, and powder porosity. (author)

  13. Magnetic behaviour of new Ce compounds

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sampathkumaran, E V [Tata Inst. of Fundamental Research, Bombay (India); Mallik, R [Tata Inst. of Fundamental Research, Bombay (India)

    1996-07-01

    We report initial results of our investigation on the magnetic behaviour of some new Ce compounds. The compounds, CeIr{sub 2}B{sub 2}C and CeIr{sub 2}Ge{sub 2}, do not appear to exhibit bulk magnetic ordering down to 2 K. The alloys, Ce{sub 2}Pd{sub 2}In and Ce{sub 2}Cu{sub 2}In, order magnetically below 4 and 6 K, respectively, and a marginal change in the Pd(Cu)/In composition does not significantly influence the ordering temperatures. (orig.).

  14. Optical and scintillation properties of Ce-doped LuLiF4 with different Ce concentrations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yanagida, Takayuki; Fujimoto, Yutaka; Fukuda, Kentaro; Chani, Valery

    2013-01-01

    The crystals of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mol% Ce-doped LuLiF 4 (Ce:LLF) grown by the micro-pulling down (μ-PD) method were examined for their optical and scintillation properties. Ce:LLF crystals had ∼80% transparency at wavelengths longer than 300 nm. In photoluminescence spectra, they demonstrated intense emission peaks at 310 and 330 nm with the quantum yield of 60–90%. Ce 3+ 5d–4f emission peaks were also detected at similar wavelengths of 310 and 330 nm in the radioluminescence spectra obtained under X-ray excitation. According to pulse height spectra recorded under γ-ray irradiation, the absolute light yield of Ce 0.1, 0.5, and 1% were 3600±400, 3000±300, and 1700±200 ph/MeV, respectively. Decay time kinetics was also inspected using a pulse X-ray equipped streak camera system. The decay time components of Ce:LLF were ∼70 ns and ∼1 μs for all the samples

  15. Production of 139Ce by the 139La(p,n)139Ce reaction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ishioka, Noriko S.; Sekine, Toshiaki; Izumo, Mishiroku; Hashimoto, Kazuyuki; Kobayashi, Katsutoshi; Matsuoka, Hiromitsu

    2002-01-01

    To produce a carrier-free 139 Ce to be used as an efficiency-calibration source for Ge detectors, a target-preparation method and a chemical separation method were studied. It was found that commercially available powders of lanthanum-oxide and lanthanum metal are applicable to a target material in the nuclear reaction 139 La(p,n) 139 Ce. In the separation of 139 Ce from an irradiated lanthanum target, a solvent-extraction method and an ion-exchange method gave final products in good chemical purity. (author)

  16. Effect of yttrium on electron–phonon coupling strength of 5d state of Ce3+ ion in LYSO:Ce crystals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ding, Dongzhou; Liu, Bo; Wu, Yuntao; Yang, Jianhua; Ren, Guohao; Chen, Junfeng

    2014-01-01

    This paper aims at an improved understanding of luminescence properties of (Lu 1−x Y x ) 2 SiO 5 :Ce (x=0 at%, 26 at%, 45 at%, 66 at% and 100 at%). Photoluminescence emission and excitation spectra as well as Raman spectra of (Lu 1−x Y x ) 2 SiO 5 :Ce were investigated as a function of yttrium (shortened as Y) content in it. Obtained Huang–Rhys factor S indicates that the coupling between Ce1 (7-oxygen-coordinated), Ce2 (6-oxygen-coordinated) and LYSO lattice is intermediate and strong, respectively. Besides, it was found that: with the increase of Y content, crystal field strength around Ce1 and Ce2 decreases, Stokes shift of Ce1 and Ce2 presents an increase trend, and S of Ce2 tends to decrease. These phenomena were explained by geometrical influence of Y 3+ /Lu 3+ on the crystal field splitting of the 5d levels of Ce 3+ and coupling strength. With the increase of Y content, the evolution of S and coupling energy ħω of Ce1 present a slight increase and decrease trend respectively, while S and coupling energy ħω of Ce2 present an obvious decrease and increase trend, respectively. - Highlights: • Crystal field strength around Ce1 decreases with increase of Y content in LYSO:Ce. • A diagram of Huang–Rhys factor S against Y content in LYSO:Ce was constructed. • A diagram of coupling energy ħω against Y content in LYSO:Ce was constructed. • A diagram of Stokes shift against Y content in LYSO:Ce was constructed

  17. O exercício do controle social no âmbito do Conselho Municipal de Saúde de Canindé, CE The exercise of community participation in the sphere of Canindé's Municipal Council of Health

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisfabio Brito Duarte

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available O Controle Social é definido como o processo no qual a população participa, através de representantes, na definição, execução e acompanhamento das políticas públicas, as políticas do governo. Este estudo pesquisou o Controle Social exercido pelo Conselho Municipal de Saúde de Canindé-CE em 2007, com o objetivo de analisar o exercício do controle social no âmbito do Conselho Municipal de Saúde. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram os vinte conselheiros titulares do Conselho, que responderam a um questionário de perguntas abertas. Os resultados evidenciaram um conselho atuante e identificaram algumas fragilidades e dilemas que podem comprometer a atuação desse colegiado no município. As posições, conhecimentos e atuação dos conselheiros são distintos segundo seu pertencimento aos diferentes segmentos sociais dentro do colegiado. A explicitação destas diferenças pode contribuir para que sejam estabelecidas estratégias para promover uma participação efetiva. Para este fim, defendemos uma política de educação permanente nos Conselhos, de forma tão freqüente quanto a rotatividade de sua composição. Sem formação e informação não há poder de ação. O conhecimento é parte do poder no campo social, e deve ser a base de ação nos Conselhos de Saúde. Ao mesmo tempo, parece necessário que os Conselhos fortaleçam seus vínculos com a população, para que a representação popular que ensejam não seja mera utopia.Community participation is defined as the process in which the population participates through its representatives in the definition, implementation and monitoring of public policies. This study investigated community participation at the Municipal Council of Health of Canindé-CE in 2007, aiming to understand the mechanics of community participation at the council. It is a descriptive study in which we used a qualitative approach. The subjects of research were 20 councilors; data were obtained through an

  18. Physico-chemical properties of (U,Ce)O2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yamada, K.; Yamanaka, S.; Katsura, M.

    1998-01-01

    The high-temperature X-ray diffraction analysis of (U,Ce)O 2 with CeO 2 contents ranging from 0 to 20 mol.% CeO 2 was performed to obtain the variation of the linear thermal expansion coefficient with the CeO 2 content. Ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements were also carried out from room temperature to 673 K to estimate the change in the mechanical properties of (U,Ce)O 2 with the CeO 2 content. The variation in the linear thermal expansion coefficient at the low CeO 2 content region is more steep than that expected from the linear thermal expansion coefficient of UO 2 and CeO 2 . The Young's and shear moduli of all (U,Ce)O 2 were found to decrease with rising temperature. This was due to the increase of the bond length accompanied by the thermal expansion. Although the lattice parameter decreased with CeO 2 content, the moduli of (U,Ce)O 2 were found to decrease with increasing CeO 2 content at room temperature. These results show that in the range from 0 to 20 mol.% of CeO 2 , as CeO 2 content increases, the bottom of the potential energy in (U,Ce)O 2 is shallower and broader. (orig.)

  19. Analysis of real-time reservoir monitoring : reservoirs, strategies, & modeling.

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mani, Seethambal S.; van Bloemen Waanders, Bart Gustaaf; Cooper, Scott Patrick; Jakaboski, Blake Elaine; Normann, Randy Allen; Jennings, Jim (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Gilbert, Bob (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Lake, Larry W. (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Weiss, Chester Joseph; Lorenz, John Clay; Elbring, Gregory Jay; Wheeler, Mary Fanett (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Thomas, Sunil G. (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Rightley, Michael J.; Rodriguez, Adolfo (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Klie, Hector (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Banchs, Rafael (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Nunez, Emilio J. (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Jablonowski, Chris (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX)

    2006-11-01

    The project objective was to detail better ways to assess and exploit intelligent oil and gas field information through improved modeling, sensor technology, and process control to increase ultimate recovery of domestic hydrocarbons. To meet this objective we investigated the use of permanent downhole sensors systems (Smart Wells) whose data is fed real-time into computational reservoir models that are integrated with optimized production control systems. The project utilized a three-pronged approach (1) a value of information analysis to address the economic advantages, (2) reservoir simulation modeling and control optimization to prove the capability, and (3) evaluation of new generation sensor packaging to survive the borehole environment for long periods of time. The Value of Information (VOI) decision tree method was developed and used to assess the economic advantage of using the proposed technology; the VOI demonstrated the increased subsurface resolution through additional sensor data. Our findings show that the VOI studies are a practical means of ascertaining the value associated with a technology, in this case application of sensors to production. The procedure acknowledges the uncertainty in predictions but nevertheless assigns monetary value to the predictions. The best aspect of the procedure is that it builds consensus within interdisciplinary teams The reservoir simulation and modeling aspect of the project was developed to show the capability of exploiting sensor information both for reservoir characterization and to optimize control of the production system. Our findings indicate history matching is improved as more information is added to the objective function, clearly indicating that sensor information can help in reducing the uncertainty associated with reservoir characterization. Additional findings and approaches used are described in detail within the report. The next generation sensors aspect of the project evaluated sensors and packaging

  20. Large reservoirs: Chapter 17

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miranda, Leandro E.; Bettoli, Phillip William

    2010-01-01

    Large impoundments, defined as those with surface area of 200 ha or greater, are relatively new aquatic ecosystems in the global landscape. They represent important economic and environmental resources that provide benefits such as flood control, hydropower generation, navigation, water supply, commercial and recreational fisheries, and various other recreational and esthetic values. Construction of large impoundments was initially driven by economic needs, and ecological consequences received little consideration. However, in recent decades environmental issues have come to the forefront. In the closing decades of the 20th century societal values began to shift, especially in the developed world. Society is no longer willing to accept environmental damage as an inevitable consequence of human development, and it is now recognized that continued environmental degradation is unsustainable. Consequently, construction of large reservoirs has virtually stopped in North America. Nevertheless, in other parts of the world construction of large reservoirs continues. The emergence of systematic reservoir management in the early 20th century was guided by concepts developed for natural lakes (Miranda 1996). However, we now recognize that reservoirs are different and that reservoirs are not independent aquatic systems inasmuch as they are connected to upstream rivers and streams, the downstream river, other reservoirs in the basin, and the watershed. Reservoir systems exhibit longitudinal patterns both within and among reservoirs. Reservoirs are typically arranged sequentially as elements of an interacting network, filter water collected throughout their watersheds, and form a mosaic of predictable patterns. Traditional approaches to fisheries management such as stocking, regulating harvest, and in-lake habitat management do not always produce desired effects in reservoirs. As a result, managers may expend resources with little benefit to either fish or fishing. Some locally

  1. Comparison between the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity of Pd5Ce and Pt5Ce

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Tripkovic, Vladimir; Zheng, Jian; Rizzi, Gian Andrea

    2015-01-01

    A set of electrochemical and X-ray spectroscopy measurements have been used conjointly with density functional theory (DFT) simulations to study the activity and stability of Pd5Ce for the oxygen reduction reaction. A polycrystalline Pd5Ce rod has been selected as a model catalyst to test if resu......-Pd5Ce is more facile, requires less atom rearrangement, than transformation from Pt5Ce to Pt3Ce, which might explain the kinetic stability of Pt5Ce at low temperatures....

  2. Arm (Advanced Reservoir Management Vs. Eor Gestion avancée de réservoir contre récupération assistée des hydrocarbures (RAH

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chierici G. L.

    2006-11-01

    Full Text Available Advanced Reservoir Management (ARM techniques aimed at a better reservoir coverage by injected fluid(s through the improvement of interwell connectivity and recourse to gravity drainage are shown to have a better chance than EOR techniques in improving oil recovery with satisfactory economic results. Les techniques de gestion avancée de réservoir (ARM, Advanced Reservoir Management visant une meilleure couverture du réservoir par les fluides injectés grâce à l'amélioration des interconnexions entre les puits et au recours au drainage par gravité semblent offrir plus de possibilités que les techniques de RAH, pour améliorer la récupération du pétrole dans de bonnes conditions économiques.

  3. Understanding the True Stimulated Reservoir Volume in Shale Reservoirs

    KAUST Repository

    Hussain, Maaruf

    2017-06-06

    Successful exploitation of shale reservoirs largely depends on the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing stimulation program. Favorable results have been attributed to intersection and reactivation of pre-existing fractures by hydraulically-induced fractures that connect the wellbore to a larger fracture surface area within the reservoir rock volume. Thus, accurate estimation of the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) becomes critical for the reservoir performance simulation and production analysis. Micro-seismic events (MS) have been commonly used as a proxy to map out the SRV geometry, which could be erroneous because not all MS events are related to hydraulic fracture propagation. The case studies discussed here utilized a fully 3-D simulation approach to estimate the SRV. The simulation approach presented in this paper takes into account the real-time changes in the reservoir\\'s geomechanics as a function of fluid pressures. It is consisted of four separate coupled modules: geomechanics, hydrodynamics, a geomechanical joint model for interfacial resolution, and an adaptive re-meshing. Reservoir stress condition, rock mechanical properties, and injected fluid pressure dictate how fracture elements could open or slide. Critical stress intensity factor was used as a fracture criterion governing the generation of new fractures or propagation of existing fractures and their directions. Our simulations were run on a Cray XC-40 HPC system. The studies outcomes proved the approach of using MS data as a proxy for SRV to be significantly flawed. Many of the observed stimulated natural fractures are stress related and very few that are closer to the injection field are connected. The situation is worsened in a highly laminated shale reservoir as the hydraulic fracture propagation is significantly hampered. High contrast in the in-situ stresses related strike-slip developed thereby shortens the extent of SRV. However, far field nature fractures that were not connected to

  4. Comment fonctionne l’Univers ? Ce que le LHC peut nous apprendre

    CERN Multimedia

    CERN. Geneva

    2008-01-01

    L'Univers en son enfance était une "soupe" de particules, de plus en plus chaudes (de plus haute énergie) à mesure qu'on remonte vers sa naissance, le "big bang". C'est ainsi que les observations à des énergies de plus en plus élevées nous permettent, par exemple, de nous approcher de plus près de la prime jeunesse de l'Univers et, donc, de mieux le comprendre. L'étude du macro- et du micro-cosme sont une science unique dans laquelle, de façon surprenante, ce que nous comprenons le moins bien est le vide, qui ne semble pas l'être: il existe une différence fondamentale entre le vide et le néant. Le LHC pourrait nous permettre de voir les vibrations de la "substance" du vide, qu'on appelle les particules 'de Higgs'.

  5. Dependence of the Ce(iii)/Ce(iv) ratio on intracellular localization in ceria nanoparticles internalized by human cells

    KAUST Repository

    Ferraro, Daniela

    2017-01-09

    CeO2 nanoparticles (CNPs) have been investigated as promising antioxidant agents with significant activity in the therapy of diseases involving free radicals or oxidative stress. However, the exact mechanism responsible for CNP activity has not been completely elucidated. In particular, in situ evidence of modification of the oxidative state of CNPs in human cells and their evolution during cell internalization and subsequent intracellular distribution has never been presented. In this study we investigated modification of the Ce(iii)/Ce(iv) ratio following internalization in human cells by X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES). From this analysis on cell pellets, we observed that CNPs incubated for 24 h showed a significant increase in Ce(iii). By coupling on individual cells synchrotron micro-X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) with micro-XANES (μXANES) we demonstrated that the Ce(iii)/Ce(iv) ratio is also dependent on CNP intracellular localization. The regions with the highest CNP concentrations, suggested to be endolysosomes by transmission electron microscopy, were characterized by Ce atoms in the Ce(iv) oxidation state, while a higher Ce(iii) content was observed in regions surrounding these areas. These observations suggest that the interaction of CNPs with cells involves a complex mechanism in which different cellular areas play different roles.

  6. Dependence of the Ce(iii)/Ce(iv) ratio on intracellular localization in ceria nanoparticles internalized by human cells

    KAUST Repository

    Ferraro, Daniela; Tredici, Ilenia G.; Ghigna, Paolo; Castillio-Michel, Hiram; Falqui, Andrea; Di Benedetto, Cristiano; Alberti, Giancarla; Ricci, Vittorio; Anselmi-Tamburini, Umberto; Sommi, Patrizia

    2017-01-01

    CeO2 nanoparticles (CNPs) have been investigated as promising antioxidant agents with significant activity in the therapy of diseases involving free radicals or oxidative stress. However, the exact mechanism responsible for CNP activity has not been completely elucidated. In particular, in situ evidence of modification of the oxidative state of CNPs in human cells and their evolution during cell internalization and subsequent intracellular distribution has never been presented. In this study we investigated modification of the Ce(iii)/Ce(iv) ratio following internalization in human cells by X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES). From this analysis on cell pellets, we observed that CNPs incubated for 24 h showed a significant increase in Ce(iii). By coupling on individual cells synchrotron micro-X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) with micro-XANES (μXANES) we demonstrated that the Ce(iii)/Ce(iv) ratio is also dependent on CNP intracellular localization. The regions with the highest CNP concentrations, suggested to be endolysosomes by transmission electron microscopy, were characterized by Ce atoms in the Ce(iv) oxidation state, while a higher Ce(iii) content was observed in regions surrounding these areas. These observations suggest that the interaction of CNPs with cells involves a complex mechanism in which different cellular areas play different roles.

  7. Effect of reservoir heterogeneity on air injection performance in a light oil reservoir

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hu Jia

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Air injection is a good option to development light oil reservoir. As well-known that, reservoir heterogeneity has great effect for various EOR processes. This also applies to air injection. However, oil recovery mechanisms and physical processes for air injection in heterogeneous reservoir with dip angle are still not well understood. The reported setting of reservoir heterogeneous for physical model or simulation model of air injection only simply uses different-layer permeability of porous media. In practice, reservoir heterogeneity follows the principle of geostatistics. How much of contrast in permeability actually challenges the air injection in light oil reservoir? This should be investigated by using layered porous medial settings of the classical Dykstra-Parsons style. Unfortunately, there has been no work addressing this issue for air injection in light oil reservoir. In this paper, Reservoir heterogeneity is quantified based on the use of different reservoir permeability distribution according to classical Dykstra-Parsons coefficients method. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of reservoir heterogeneity on physical process and production performance of air injection in light oil reservoir through numerical reservoir simulation approach. The basic model is calibrated based on previous study. Total eleven pseudo compounders are included in this model and ten complexity of reactions are proposed to achieve the reaction scheme. Results show that oil recovery factor is decreased with the increasing of reservoir heterogeneity both for air and N2 injection from updip location, which is against the working behavior of air injection from updip location. Reservoir heterogeneity sometimes can act as positive effect to improve sweep efficiency as well as enhance production performance for air injection. High O2 content air injection can benefit oil recovery factor, also lead to early O2 breakthrough in heterogeneous reservoir. Well

  8. Atenção integral à saúde do homem: um desafio na atenção básica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Liana Maria Rocha Carneiro

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Compreender a percepção dos profissionais de saúde sobre a Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem (PNAISH. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e descritivo, realizado com 11 profissionais da Unidade Básica de Saúde, entre fevereiro e abril de 2015, no Município de Quixadá/CE. A amostra foi escolhida aleatoriamente até que houvesse a saturação teórica. A partir da temática, indagou-se algumas questões norteadoras sobre definição, objetivos, princípios, diretrizes, ações, dificuldade e potencialidade da implementação da PNAISH. A análise dos dados foi baseada na técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: Ficou evidenciado que os profissionais entrevistados não conhecem a PNAISH e poucos compreendem a sua importância para o acompanhamento integral do homem. Há várias dificuldades para a implementação da PNAISH, tais como a deficiência de recursos materiais e humanos, e ainda a falta de interesse do próprio homem em cuidar da sua saúde. Conclusão: Ficou evidenciado que grande parte dos profissionais entrevistados não conhecem a PNAISH e poucos compreendem a sua importância para o acompanhamento integral do homem. O cuidado do homem é um processo dinâmico e complexo, tendo a PNAISH fundamental importância para o acolhimento da população masculina nos serviços de saúde, porém urge ressaltar que a referida política deve ter uma maior divulgação voltada aos profissionais da saúde.

  9. Improved Algorithms for Blending Dam Releases to Meet Downstream Water-Temperature Targets in the CE-QUAL-W2 Water-Quality Model

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rounds, S. A.; Buccola, N. L.

    2014-12-01

    The two-dimensional (longitudinal, vertical) water-quality model CE-QUAL-W2, version 3.7, was enhanced with new features to help dam operators and managers efficiently explore and optimize potential solutions for temperature management downstream of thermally stratified reservoirs. Such temperature management often is accomplished by blending releases from multiple dam outlets that access water of different temperatures at different depths in the reservoir. The original blending algorithm in this version of the model was limited to mixing releases from two outlets at a time, and few constraints could be imposed. The new enhanced blending algorithm allows the user to (1) specify a time-series of target release temperatures, (2) designate from 2 to 10 floating or fixed-elevation outlets for blending, (3) impose maximum head constraints as well as minimum and maximum flow constraints for any blended outlet, and (4) set a priority designation for each outlet that allows the model to choose which outlets to use and how to balance releases among them. The modified model was tested against a previously calibrated model of Detroit Lake on the North Santiam River in northwestern Oregon, and the results compared well. The enhanced model code is being used to evaluate operational and structural scenarios at multiple dam/reservoir systems in the Willamette River basin in Oregon, where downstream temperature management for endangered fish is a high priority for resource managers and dam operators. These updates to the CE-QUAL-W2 blending algorithm allow scenarios involving complicated dam operations and/or hypothetical outlet structures to be evaluated more efficiently with the model, with decreased need for multiple/iterative model runs or preprocessing of model inputs to fully characterize the operational constraints.

  10. Archives: Water SA

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Items 1 - 50 of 71 ... Archives: Water SA. Journal Home > Archives: Water SA. Log in or Register to get access to full text downloads. Username, Password, Remember me, or Register · Journal Home · ABOUT THIS JOURNAL · Advanced Search · Current Issue · Archives. 1 - 50 of 71 Items, 1 2 > >>. 2018. Vol 44, No 1 (2018) ...

  11. Isabelle Dépret : Église orthodoxe et histoire en Grèce contemporaine, versions officielles et controverses historiographiques

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joëlle Dalègre

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available Cet ouvrage, complet, extrêmement riche en indications bibliographiques, traitant une question encore pratiquement tabou en Grèce, s'attache aux rapports réciproques entre Église orthodoxe et État grec depuis 1832, à la façon dont l'histoire grecque officielle a modelé sa présentation du rôle de l'église orthodoxe, aux controverses qui naissent des efforts récents d'historiens pour « revoir » l'histoire officielle de leur pays. Les questions principales sont posées dans l'introduction : la co...

  12. Saúde auditiva dos recém-nascidos: atuação da fonoaudiologia na Estratégia Saúde da Família Newborn hearing health: speech therapy acting on Family Health Strategy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raquel Martins Maia

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: analisar o acompanhamento dos recém-nascidos quanto à promoção da saúde auditiva após a inserção da fonoaudiologia na Estratégia Saúde da Família. MÉTODO: estudo retrospectivo e documental com abordagem quantitativa com 88 recém-nascidos que realizaram o teste da orelhinha, no período de fevereiro a maio de 2010, a partir dos relatórios mensais de devolutiva do Serviço de Atenção a Saúde Auditiva do município, consolidados mensais e prontuários de um Centro de Saúde da Família em Sobral-Ce. RESULTADOS: dos recém-nascidos avaliados, 35 (39,77% falharam no teste, entre estes, 7 (20% apresentam indicador de risco para deficiência auditiva e 28 (80% não apresentavam nenhum risco. Verificou-se também divergências entre os dados do Serviço de Atenção a Saúde Auditiva e os prontuários do Centro de Saúde da Família quanto a classificação dos indicadores de risco para a perda auditiva. Observou-se ainda que, o número de encaminhamentos para o teste da orelhinha aumentou 8,33%. Em relação ao reteste, 1 (7,69% criança retornou nos meses de março a agosto de 2009 e entre os meses de setembro/2009 a fevereiro/2010 após a atuação da fonoaudiologia no CSF do Sumaré 17 (65,38% crianças realizaram o reteste. CONCLUSÃO: os dados sugerem a importância da presença do fonoaudiólogo na atenção primária, sendo fundamental no acompanhamento e monitoramento do diagnóstico precoce das alterações auditivas.PURPOSE: to analyze the monitoring of the newborn and the promotion of hearing health after insertion of speech therapy at the Family Health Strategy. METHOD: this is a retrospective documentary study with quantitative approach using 88 infants who underwent OAE testing in the period from February to May 2010, we examined the monthly reports’ devolution of the Health Hearing Service of the Municipality, consolidated monthly statements and the handbooks of the Center for Family Health in Sobral-Ce

  13. Adduct formation in Ce(IV) thenolytrifluoroacetonate

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anufrieva, S.I.; Polyakova, G.V.; Snezhko, N.I.; Pechurova, N.I.; Martynenko, L.I.; Spitsyn, V.I.

    1982-01-01

    The literature contains no information on adduct formation in Ce(IV) β-diketonates with additional ligands. Since tetrakis-β-diketonates of Ce(IV) have four six-membered chelate rings, we can suppose that the introduction of an additional monodentate or bidentate ligand into the coordination sphere of Ce(IV) β-diketonates would lead to an increase in the coordination number (CN) of the Ce(IV) to nine or ten. The possibility of realization of such a high CN for Ce(IV) has not been proved; a study of adduct formation by Ce(IV) tetrakis-β-diketonates is thus of theoretical interest. Such an investigation might also be of practical interest, because the introduction of an additional ligand into the coordination sphere of a rare-earth β-diketonate usually increases the solubility of the β-diketonate in nonpolar solvents and increases the volatility of the compound; such a modification of the properties is important for various practical purposes. The aim of our work was to study the possibility of separating solid adducts of Ce(IV) tetrakis-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate with certain oxygen-containing and nitrogen-containing donor monodentate and bidentate ligands, and also to investigate their properties. As the β-diketone we used thenoyltrifluoroacetone (HTTFA), since in a parallel investigation it was found that Ce(TTFA) 4 has a high oxidation-reduction stability

  14. Peculiarities of the intermediate valence state of Ce in CeM2Si2 (M = Fe, Co, Ni) compounds

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Koterlyn, M.; Shcherba, I.; Yasnitskii, R.; Koterlyn, G.

    2007-01-01

    The results of thermoelectric power and the electrical resistivity measurements connected with the intermediate valence (IV) of Ce are presented for the compounds CeM 2 Si 2 (M = Fe, Co, Ni) in the temperature range of 4-800 K. It is shown that CeM 2 Si 2 are Kondo-lattices with the coherence scale T coh ∼ 60-80 K and the so-called single-site Kondo temperature T K ∼ 10 3 K. On the example of CeNi 2 Si 2 we have studied the changes in the structure of density of f states (f-DOS) near the Fermi energy caused by atomic substitutions. The results of structural, transport, magnetic, and Ce L III X-ray absorption spectra measurements in the series Ce 1-x La x Ni 2 Si 2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6), Ce(Ni 1-y Cu y ) 2 Si 2 (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.6) and CeNi 2 (Si 1-z Ge z ) 2 (0 ≤ z ≤ 0.5) are presented. We found that the IV state of Ce in the CeM 2 Si 2 is an evidence of possible opening a wide pseudogap Δ ∼ kT K within the f-DOS structure slightly above the Fermi energy

  15. Surface and bulk 4f-photoemission spectra of CeIn3 and CeSn3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, H.; Tjernberg, O.; Chiaia, G.; Kumigashira, H.; Takahashi, T.; Duo, L.; Sakai, O.; Kasaya, M.; Lindau, I.

    1997-01-01

    Resonant photoemission spectroscopy was performed on CeIn 3 and CeSn 3 at the 4d-4f and 3d-4f core thresholds. Using the different surface sensitivity between the two photon energies, surface and bulk 4f-photoemission spectra were derived for both compounds. With the noncrossing approximation of the Anderson impurity model, the 4d-4f resonant spectra together with the surface and bulk spectra were self-consistently analyzed to obtain the microscopic parameters such as the 4f-electron energy and the hybridization strength with conduction electrons. The result shows a substantial difference in these parameters between the surface and the bulk, indicating that it is important to take into account the surface effect in analyzing photoemission spectra of Ce compounds. It is also found that the 4f surface core-level shift is different between CeIn 3 and CeSn 3 . copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

  16. Optical and scintillation properties of Ce-doped LuLiF{sub 4} with different Ce concentrations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yanagida, Takayuki, E-mail: yanagida@lsse.kyutech.ac.jp [Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0196 (Japan); Fujimoto, Yutaka [Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0196 (Japan); Fukuda, Kentaro [Tokuyama Corporation, Shibuya 3-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8383 Japan (Japan); Chani, Valery [Tohoku Univ., 2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan)

    2013-11-21

    The crystals of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mol% Ce-doped LuLiF{sub 4} (Ce:LLF) grown by the micro-pulling down (μ-PD) method were examined for their optical and scintillation properties. Ce:LLF crystals had ∼80% transparency at wavelengths longer than 300 nm. In photoluminescence spectra, they demonstrated intense emission peaks at 310 and 330 nm with the quantum yield of 60–90%. Ce{sup 3+} 5d–4f emission peaks were also detected at similar wavelengths of 310 and 330 nm in the radioluminescence spectra obtained under X-ray excitation. According to pulse height spectra recorded under γ-ray irradiation, the absolute light yield of Ce 0.1, 0.5, and 1% were 3600±400, 3000±300, and 1700±200 ph/MeV, respectively. Decay time kinetics was also inspected using a pulse X-ray equipped streak camera system. The decay time components of Ce:LLF were ∼70 ns and ∼1 μs for all the samples.

  17. The crystal structure of galgenbergite-(Ce), CaCe2(CO3)4•H2O

    Science.gov (United States)

    Walter, Franz; Bojar, Hans-Peter; Hollerer, Christine E.; Mereiter, Kurt

    2013-04-01

    Galgenbergite-(Ce) from the type locality, the railroad tunnel Galgenberg between Leoben and St. Michael, Styria, Austria, was investigated. There it occurs in small fissures of an albite-chlorite schist as very thin tabular crystals building rosette-shaped aggregates associated with siderite, ancylite-(Ce), pyrite and calcite. Electron microprobe analyses gave CaO 9.49, Ce2O3 28.95, La2O3 11.70, Nd2O3 11.86, Pr2O3 3.48, CO2 30.00, H2O 3.07, total 98.55 wt.%. CO2 and H2O calculated by stoichiometry. The empirical formula (based on Ca + REE ∑3.0) is C{{a}_{1.00 }}{{( {C{{e}_{1.04 }}L{{a}_{0.42 }}N{{d}_{0.42 }}P{{r}_{0.12 }}} )}_{2.00 }}{{( {C{{O}_3}} )}_4}\\cdot {{H}_2}O , and the simplified formula is CaC{{e}_2}{{( {C{{O}_3}} )}_4}\\cdot {{H}_2}O . According to X-ray single crystal diffraction galgenbergite-(Ce) is triclinic, space group Poverline{1},a=6.3916(5) , b = 6.4005(4), c = 12.3898(9) Å, α = 100.884(4), β = 96.525(4), γ = 100.492(4)°, V = 483.64(6) Å3, Z = 2. The eight strongest lines in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern are [ d calc in Å/( I)/ hkl]: 5.052/(100)/011; 3.011/(70)/0-22; 3.006/(66)/004; 5.899/(59)/-101; 3.900/(51)/1-12; 3.125/(46)/-201; 2.526/(42)/022; 4.694/(38)/-102. The infrared absorption spectrum reveals H2O (OH-stretching mode at 3,489 cm-1, HOH bending mode at 1,607 cm-1) and indicates the presence of distinctly non-equivalent CO3-groups by double and quadruple peaks of their ν1, ν2, ν3 and ν4 modes. The crystal structure of galgenbergite-(Ce) was refined with X-ray single crystal data to R1 = 0.019 for 2,448 unique reflections ( I > 2 σ( I)) and 193 parameters. The three cation sites of the structure Ca(1), Ce(2) and Ce(3) have a modest mixed site occupation by Ca and small amount of REE (Ce, La, Pr, Nd) and vice versa. The structure is based on double layers parallel to (001), which are composed of Ca(1)Ce(2)(CO3)2 single layers with an ordered chessboard like arrangement of Ca and Ce, and with a roof tile

  18. Determinantes sociais da saúde e qualidade de vida de cuidadores de crianças com câncer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rebeca Silveira Rocha

    Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo Associar os determinantes sociais de saúde e a qualidade de vida de cuidadores de crianças com câncer. Métodos Estudo transversal, realizado em centro pediátrico do câncer, em Fortaleza/CE, com 176 participantes, durante novembro e dezembro/2013. Utilizou-se questionário contendo determinantes sociais de saúde e World Health Quality of Life-Bref para a avaliação da qualidade de vida. Foram correlacionados os determinantes com as médias dos domínios da qualidade de vida, utilizando a análise de variância (ANOVA. Resultados Houve significância estatística na associação entre o domínio das relações sociais e a escolaridade (p=0,01792 e entre o domínio psicossocial e o sexo do cuidador (p=0,01901. Os cuidadores do sexo masculino, nível educacional alto, mais jovens, casados, do lar e procedentes do interior possuem melhor qualidade de vida. Conclusão O estudo permitiu a compreensão da influência dos determinantes sociais de saúde na qualidade de vida de cuidadores de crianças com câncer.

  19. Amplitude various angles (AVA) phenomena in thin layer reservoir: Case study of various reservoirs

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Nurhandoko, Bagus Endar B., E-mail: bagusnur@bdg.centrin.net.id, E-mail: bagusnur@rock-fluid.com [Wave Inversion and Subsurface Fluid Imaging Research Laboratory (WISFIR), Basic Science Center A 4" t" hfloor, Physics Dept., FMIPA, Institut Teknologi Bandung (Indonesia); Rock Fluid Imaging Lab., Bandung (Indonesia); Susilowati, E-mail: bagusnur@bdg.centrin.net.id, E-mail: bagusnur@rock-fluid.com [Rock Fluid Imaging Lab., Bandung (Indonesia)

    2015-04-16

    Amplitude various offset is widely used in petroleum exploration as well as in petroleum development field. Generally, phenomenon of amplitude in various angles assumes reservoir’s layer is quite thick. It also means that the wave is assumed as a very high frequency. But, in natural condition, the seismic wave is band limited and has quite low frequency. Therefore, topic about amplitude various angles in thin layer reservoir as well as low frequency assumption is important to be considered. Thin layer reservoir means the thickness of reservoir is about or less than quarter of wavelength. In this paper, I studied about the reflection phenomena in elastic wave which considering interference from thin layer reservoir and transmission wave. I applied Zoeppritz equation for modeling reflected wave of top reservoir, reflected wave of bottom reservoir, and also transmission elastic wave of reservoir. Results show that the phenomena of AVA in thin layer reservoir are frequency dependent. Thin layer reservoir causes interference between reflected wave of top reservoir and reflected wave of bottom reservoir. These phenomena are frequently neglected, however, in real practices. Even though, the impact of inattention in interference phenomena caused by thin layer in AVA may cause inaccurate reservoir characterization. The relation between classes of AVA reservoir and reservoir’s character are different when effect of ones in thin reservoir and ones in thick reservoir are compared. In this paper, I present some AVA phenomena including its cross plot in various thin reservoir types based on some rock physics data of Indonesia.

  20. Amplitude various angles (AVA) phenomena in thin layer reservoir: Case study of various reservoirs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    thfloor, Physics Dept., FMIPA, Institut Teknologi Bandung (Indonesia); Rock Fluid Imaging Lab., Bandung (Indonesia))" data-affiliation=" (Wave Inversion and Subsurface Fluid Imaging Research Laboratory (WISFIR), Basic Science Center A 4thfloor, Physics Dept., FMIPA, Institut Teknologi Bandung (Indonesia); Rock Fluid Imaging Lab., Bandung (Indonesia))" >Nurhandoko, Bagus Endar B.; Susilowati

    2015-01-01

    Amplitude various offset is widely used in petroleum exploration as well as in petroleum development field. Generally, phenomenon of amplitude in various angles assumes reservoir’s layer is quite thick. It also means that the wave is assumed as a very high frequency. But, in natural condition, the seismic wave is band limited and has quite low frequency. Therefore, topic about amplitude various angles in thin layer reservoir as well as low frequency assumption is important to be considered. Thin layer reservoir means the thickness of reservoir is about or less than quarter of wavelength. In this paper, I studied about the reflection phenomena in elastic wave which considering interference from thin layer reservoir and transmission wave. I applied Zoeppritz equation for modeling reflected wave of top reservoir, reflected wave of bottom reservoir, and also transmission elastic wave of reservoir. Results show that the phenomena of AVA in thin layer reservoir are frequency dependent. Thin layer reservoir causes interference between reflected wave of top reservoir and reflected wave of bottom reservoir. These phenomena are frequently neglected, however, in real practices. Even though, the impact of inattention in interference phenomena caused by thin layer in AVA may cause inaccurate reservoir characterization. The relation between classes of AVA reservoir and reservoir’s character are different when effect of ones in thin reservoir and ones in thick reservoir are compared. In this paper, I present some AVA phenomena including its cross plot in various thin reservoir types based on some rock physics data of Indonesia

  1. A interdisciplinaridade vivenciada no PET-Saúde = The interdisciplinarity experienced in the PET- Saúde program

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Assega, Mariana Lieka

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Introdução: A incorporação da equipe de saúde bucal na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF, em 2000, possibilitou a adoção de uma postura mais ativa de atenção primária nesta área, visto que a saúde bucal consiste em parte integrante e inseparável da saúde do indivíduo. A interação dos profissionais da saúde torna-se possível por meio de iniciativas como o PET-Saúde, o qual fomenta a formação profissional articulada com os profissionais da ESF, bem como, o processo de integração ensino-serviço-comunidade na perspectiva da interdisciplinaridade. Objetivo: Relatar a vivência de estudantes ao realizar uma pesquisa interdisciplinar. Descrição da experiência: Esse relato foi vivenciado no projeto PET-Saúde da Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, no sub projeto Saúde do Homem, visando construir e validar um instrumento de coleta de dados por meio da Técnica Delphi, para auxiliar a equipe de saúde detectar precocemente agravos odontológicos, visto que no Brasil, o perfil de saúde bucal, na faixa etária de 35 a 44 anos, está comprometido. Os participantes, deste estudo, são discentes de enfermagem e medicina, preceptora cirurgiã-dentista e tutora docente enfermeira. Para as atividades educacionais utilizou-se a metodologia ativa de ensino-aprendizagem. Conclusão: Os movimentos reflexivos, os espaços de diálogos propiciaram o desenvolvimento da investigação científica. Além disso, a aproximação do processo de validação pela Técnica Delphi, também permitiu ampliação do conhecimento multidisciplinar sobre saúde bucal. Esta vivência possibilitou qualificar a formação acadêmico-profissional na linha da interdisciplinaridade, sendo importante sua multiplicação para o fortalecimento da interação entre os profissionais e a articulação das ações de saúde

  2. Le désir au féminin : d’une « Lucrèce » à une autre

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jacqueline Fabre-Serris

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available Cet article propose deux hypothèses. La première est celle d’une réception élégiaque du célèbre portrait livien de Lucrèce dans l’élégie 1, 3 de Tibulle. La fin de l’élégie 1, 3 constitue une variation sur un motif des Amores (la séparation des amants due à l’absence de l’homme, retenu au loin que Virgile avait évoqué dans la Bucolique 10. Dans ce passage Tibulle apporte à la question « comment se comporte alors la puella ? » une réponse inspirée par l’image que Tite-Live venait de donner, avec sa Lucrèce, de la vertu des femmes, réponse qui infléchit la scène livienne dans le sens de la passion. La seconde hypothèse est que le texte de Tibulle a été la matrice de plusieurs autres textes centrés sur la séparation, la fidélité et le désir féminin : les poèmes 3, 9 ; 3, 14 et 15 de Sulpicia ; les élégies 1, 3 ; 2, 29 et 4, 3 de Properce et le passage des Fastes consacré à Lucrèce.

  3. Some regularities of Ce(3) and Ce(4) stabilization in their compounds with β-diketones

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pechurova, N.I.; Martynenko, L.I.; Snezhko, N.I.; Anufrieva, S.I.

    1985-01-01

    Adduct formation of cerium (3) and cerium (4) β-diketonates (acetylacetonate, benzoylacetonate, dibenzoylmethanate and thenoyltrifluoroacetonate) with oxygen- and nitrogen-donor ligands (Q-α, α'-dipyridyl, o-phenanthroline, trioctylphosphine oxide and triphenylphosphine oxide) is studied. The compounds obtained as a results of the reactions are studied by means of IR-spectroscopic, derivatographic and X-ray phase methods. It is concluded that composition and thermodynamic stability of adducts of Ce(3) tris-β-diketonates are determined by correlation of donor properties of the basis and additional ligand and stability of adducts to oxidation - as well as by their solubility. Introduction of the additional ligand to the system Ce(4)-β-diketones even in the presence of air oxygen stabilizes Ce(3) and destabilizes Ce(4)

  4. Unstable magnetic moments in Ce compounds

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Aarts, J.

    1984-01-01

    The problems which are connected with the appearance or disappearance of local moments in metals are well reflected in the magnetic behaviour of Ce intermetallic compounds. This work describes experiments on two Ce compounds which are typical examples of unstable moment systems. The first of these is CeAl 2 which at low temperatures, shows coexistence of antiferromagnetic order and the Kondo effect. Measurements are presented of the magnetization and the susceptibility in different magnetic field and temperature regions. An analysis of these measurements, using a model for the crystal field effects, shows the agreement between the measurements and the calculations to be reasonably good for CeAl 2 , but this agreement becomes worse upon decreasing Ce concentration. A phenomenological description of the observations is given. The second compound reported on is CeCu 2 Si 2 , the first 'heavy-fermion' superconductor to be investigated. The superconducting state is possibly formed by the quasi-particles of a non-magnetic many body singlet state, and not simply by the (sd) conduction electrons. This being a novel phenomenon, a number of experiments were performed to test this picture and to obtain a detailed description of the behaviour of CeCu 2 Si 2 . Measurements of the Meissner volume, confirmed the superconductivity to be intrinsic. (Auth.)

  5. Ce decay curves in Ce, Tb co-doped LaF3 and the energy transfer mechanism

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kroon, R.E.; Swart, H.C.; Ntwaeaborwa, O.M.; Seed Ahmed, H.A.A.

    2014-01-01

    Energy transfer phenomena can play an important role in the development of luminescent materials, and hosts co-doped with Ce 3+ and Tb 3+ ions continue to be actively studied. Several recent reports on Ce, Tb co-doped phosphors suggest different mechanisms for the energy transfer from Ce 3+ to Tb 3+ ions and further study is required to reach consensus on the mechanism or to understand why different mechanisms dominate in different hosts. A more direct method of analysis is proposed to distinguish between the different types of multipole energy transfer mechanisms. When applied to Ce, Tb co-doped LaF 3 , the experimental data shows a poor match to any of these models but is consistent with energy transfer through the exchange mechanism. The decay curves of Ce emission in Ce, Tb co-doped LaF 3 were also studied to obtain further insight on the energy transfer mechanism. Although the decrease in lifetime with increasing Tb concentration shows that energy transfer occurs through a non-radiative mechanism, the form of the decay curves does not correspond to what is expected for energy transfer via multipole interactions.

  6. Metal and trace element assessment of sediments from Guarapiranga reservoir, Sao Paulo State, by neutron activation analysis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Guimaraes, Guilherme M.; Favaro, Deborah I.T.; Franklin, Robson L.; Ferreira, Francisco J.; Bevilacqua, Jose E.

    2009-01-01

    Guarapiranga Reservoir is extremely important due to the fact that it is one of the main water reservoirs for South America's largest city, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Guarapiranga Basin is located within the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo - RMSP, and occupies an area of approximately 630 km 2 , and the reservoir itself is located in the northern part of the basin occupying approximately 26 km 2 . This reservoir is characterized by environmental impacts from urban invasion, industrial and sewage wastes, all of which seriously affect its water quality. Due to its vulnerability CETESB (Environmental Control Agency of the Sao Paulo State) regularly monitors the contamination levels of waters and once a year sediment samples. In order to better understand geochemical and environmental processes and their possible changes due to anthropogenic activities trace metals analyses and their distribution in sediments are commonly undertaken. The present study reports results concerning the distribution of some major (Fe, K and Na), trace (As, Ba, Br, Co, Cr, Cs, Hf, Hg, Rb, Sb, Sc, Ta, Tb, Th, U and Zn) and rare earth (Ce, Eu, La, Lu, Nd, Sm, Tb and Yb) elements in sediments from the Guarapiranga Reservoir. Multielementar analysis was carried out by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Multielemental concentrations in the sediment samples were compared to NASC (North American Shale Composite) values. The concentration values for metals As, Cr and Zn in the sediment samples were compared to the Canadian Council of Minister of the Environment (CCME) oriented values (TEL and PEL values) and adopted by CETESB. (author)

  7. Tracer applications in oil reservoirs in Brazil

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Moreira, R.M.; Ferreira Pinto, A.M.

    2004-01-01

    Radiotracer applications in oil reservoirs in Brazil started in 1997 at the request of the State Oil Company (Petrobras) at the Carmoplois oilfield. 1 Ci of HTO was injected in a regular five-spot plot and the results obtained were quite satisfactory. Shortly after this test one other request asked for distinguishing the contribution of different injection wells to a production well. It was then realized that other tracers should be available. As a first choice 35 SCN - has been selected since it could be produced at CDTN. An alternative synthesis path was defined which shortened post-irradiation manipulations. The tracer was tested in core samples and a field injection, simultaneously with HTO, was carried out at the Buracica field; again the HTO performed well but 35 SCN - showed up well ahead. Presently the HTO applications are being done on a routine basis. All in all, four tests were performed (some are still ongoing), and the detection limits for both 3 H and 35 S were optimized by refining the sample preparation stage. Lanthanide complexes used as activable tracers are also an appealing option, however core tests performed so far with La-, Ce- and Eu-EDTA indicated some delay of the tracer, so other complexants such as DOTA are to be tried in further laboratory tests and in a field application. Thus, a deeper understanding of their complexation chemistry and carefully conducted tests must be performed before lanthanide complexes can be qualified as reliable oil reservoir tracers. More recently, Petrobras has been asking for partitioning tracers intended for SOR measurement

  8. Homoleptic Ce(III) and Ce(IV) Nitroxide Complexes: Significant Stabilization of the 4+ Oxidation State

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bogart, Justin A.; Lewis, Andrew J.; Medling, Scott A.; Piro, Nicholas A.; Carroll, Patrick J.; Booth, Corwin H.; Schelter, Eric J.

    2014-06-25

    Electrochemical experiments performed on the complex Ce-IV[2-((BuNO)-Bu-t)py](4), where [2-((BuNO)-Bu-t)py](-) = N-tert-butyl-N-2-pyridylnitroxide, indicate a 2.51 V stabilization of the 4+ oxidation state of Ce compared to [(Bu4N)-Bu-n](2)[Ce(NO3)(6)] in acetonitrile and a 2.95 V stabilization compared to the standard potential for the ion under aqueous conditions. Density functional theory calculations suggest that this preference for the higher oxidation state is a result of the tetrakis(nitroxide) ligand framework at the Ce cation, which allows for effective electron donation into, and partial covalent overlap with, vacant 4f orbitals with delta symmetry. The results speak to the behavior of CeO2 and related solid solutions in oxygen uptake and transport applications, in particular an inherent local character of bonding that stabilizes the 4+ oxidation state. The results indicate a cerium(IV) complex that has been stabilized to an unprecedented degree through tuning of its ligand-field environment.

  9. The role of Ce(III) in BZ oscillating reactions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nogueira, Paulo A.; Varela, Hamilton; Faria, Roberto B.

    2012-03-01

    Herein we present results on the oscillatory dynamics in the bromate-oxalic acid-acetone-Ce(III)/Ce(IV) system in batch and also in a CSTR. We show that Ce(III) is the necessary reactant to allow the emergence of oscillations. In batch, oscillations occur with Ce(III) and also with Ce(IV), but no induction period is observed with Ce(III). In a CSTR, no oscillations were found using a freshly prepared Ce(IV), but only when the cerium-containing solution was aged, allowing partial conversion of Ce(IV) to Ce(III) by reaction with acetone.

  10. Promoting effect of CeO 2 on cyclohexanol conversion over CeO 2

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Abstract. CeO2-ZnO materials were prepared by amorphous citrate process and characterized by TGA, XRD, UV-DRS and surface area measurements. TGA showed that the citrate precursors decompose in the range 350-550°C producing CeO2-containing catalytic materials. XRD and DRS results indicated the formation of ...

  11. A facile synthesis for cauliflower like CeO2 catalysts from Ce-BTC precursor and their catalytic performance for CO oxidation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Xiaodong; Hou, Fulin; Yang, Yang; Wang, Yuxin; Liu, Ning; Chen, Dan; Yang, Yiqiong

    2017-11-01

    The paper presents a novel and facile method for preparing cauliflowerlike CeO2 through direct decomposition of cerium based metal-organic framework (MOF) Ce-BTC (BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid) straw in air. Several analytical tools such as Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric (TG), N2 adsorption-desorption, Temperature programmed reduction (TPR), Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) and Photoluminescence (PL) have been used to characterize Ce-BTC and CeO2. The Ce-BTC calcined at 500 °C (CeO2-500) maintains the morphology of its template ;Ce-BTC; and forms a special cauliflower-like structure. XRD patterns showed that the catalyst has a perfect CeO2 crystal structure and has a smaller particle size. The prepared CeO2 cauliflowers exhibit excellent catalytic activities, long-term stability, and cycling stability for CO oxidation. The improved catalytic activities could be attributed to porous nanorods of CeO2 cauliflowers, which provide more active sites and oxygen vacancy for CO oxidation.

  12. Cerocene Revisited: The Electronic Structure of and Interconversion Between Ce2(C8H8)3 and Ce(C8H8)2

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Walter, Marc D.; Booth, Corwin H.; Lukens, Wayne W.; Andersen, Richard A.

    2009-02-02

    New synthetic procedures for the preparation of Ce(cot)2, cerocene, from [Li(thf)4][Ce(cot)2], and Ce2(cot)3 in high yield and purity are reported. Heating solid Ce(cot)2 yields Ce2(cot)3 and COT while heating Ce2(cot)3 with an excess of COT in C6D6 to 65oC over four months yields Ce(cot)2. The solid state magnetic susceptibility of these three organocerium compounds shows that Ce(cot)2 behaves as a TIP (temperature independent paramagnet) over the temperature range of 5-300 K, while that of Ce2(cot)3 shows that the spin carriers are antiferromagnetically coupled below 10 K; above 10 K, the individual spins are uncorrelated, and [Ce(cot)2]- behaves as an isolated f1 paramagnet. The EPR at 1.5K for Ce2(cot)3 and [Ce(cot)2]- have ground state of MJ= +- 1/2. The LIII edge XANES of Ce(cot)2 (Booth, C.H.; Walter, M.D.; Daniel, M.; Lukens, W.W., Andersen, R.A., Phys. Rev. Lett. 2005, 95, 267202) and 2Ce2(cot)3 over 30-500 K are reported; the Ce(cot)2 XANES spectra show Ce(III) and Ce(IV) signatures up to a temperature of approximately 500 K, whereupon the Ce(IV) signature disappears, consistent with the thermal behavior observed in the melting experiment. The EXAFS of Ce(cot)2 and Ce2(cot)3 are reported at 30 K; the agreement between the molecular parameters for Ce(cot)2 derived from EXAFS and single crystal X-ray diffraction data are excellent. In the case of Ce2(cot)3 no X-ray diffraction data are known to exist, but the EXAFS are consistent with a"triple-decker" sandwich structure. A molecular rationalization is presented for the electronic structure of cerocene having a multiconfiguration ground state that is an admixture of the two configurations Ce(III, 4f1)(cot1.5-)2 and Ce(IV, 4f0)(cot2-)2; the multiconfigurational ground state has profound effects on the magnetic properties and on the nature of the chemical bond in cerocene and, perhaps, other molecules.

  13. Assessment of the water quality in a large reservoir in semiarid region of Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando B. Lopes

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to identify spatial and temporal variations in water quality of Orós reservoir, Ceará, Brazil, as well as the sources of contamination. To get this information the Principal Component Analysis (PCA and Cluster Analysis (CA was used. Water samples were collected at seven (geo-referenced points, from April 2008 to March 2011, totalling 4,032 samples. The following attributes of the waters were analysed: temperature, pH, CE, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, HCO3-, SO4--, turbidity, colour, Sechi transparency, TS, TVS, TFS, TSS, VSS, FSS, TDS, DO, BO5D, total phosphorus, soluble orthophosphate, EC, TTC, total ammonia, TKN, nitrate, SAR and chlorophyll-a. The PCA promoted the reduction from the 32 initial variables to 14, accounting for 84.39% of the total variance. The major factors responsible for water quality composition are: the natural weathering of geological soil components; the entrainment of suspended solids through surface runoff from agricultural areas; and anthropogenic action in the Upper Jaguaribe basin in Ceará. The similarity of the water of the Orós reservoir allows a reduction in the number of sampling points, which may result in significant cost savings without sacrificing the water quality monitoring. The similarity of the waters was influenced by anthropic activities being carried out near the reservoir and all along the watershed.

  14. Glass forming ability of the Al-Ce-Ni system; Avaliacao da capacidade de formacao vitrea do sistema Al-Ce-Ni

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Triveno Rios, C. [Engenharia Mecanica, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Rondonopolis, MT (Brazil)], e-mail: triveno@ufmt.br; Surinach, S.; Baro, M.D. [Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais - Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, SP (Brazil); Bolfarini, C.; Botta, W.J.; Kiminami, C.S. [Departamento de Fisica da Universidade Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Spain)

    2010-07-01

    In the present work, the glass forming ability (GFA) and its compositional dependence on Al-Ni-Ce system alloys were investigated in function of several thermal parameters. Rapidly quenched Al{sub 85}Ni{sub 15}-{sub X}Ce{sub X} (X=4,5,6,7,10), Al{sub 90}Ni{sub 5}Ce{sub 5}, Al{sub 89}Ni{sub 2}.{sub 4}Ce{sub 8}.{sub 6}, Al{sub 80}Ni{sub 15.6}Ce{sub 4}.{sub 4} and Al{sub 78}Ni{sub 18.5}Ce{sub 3.5} amorphous ribbons were produced by melt-spinning and the structural transformation during heating was studied using a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that the GFA and the thermal stability in the Al-rich corner of Al- Ni-Ce system alloys were enhanced by increasing the solute content and specifically the Ce content (author)

  15. Mechanical properties of non-centrosymmetric CePt3Si and CePt3B

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rogl, G.; Legut, D.; Sýkora, R.; Müller, P.; Müller, H.; Bauer, E.; Puchegger, S.; Zehetbauer, M.; Rogl, P.

    2017-05-01

    Elastic moduli, hardness (both at room temperature) and thermal expansion (4.2-670 K) have been experimentally determined for polycrystalline CePt3Si and its prototype compound CePt3B as well as for single-crystalline CePt3Si. Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy was used to determine elastic properties (Young’s modulus E and Poisson’s ratio ν) via the eigenfrequencies of the sample and the knowledge of sample mass and dimensions. Bulk and shear moduli were calculated from E and ν, and the respective Debye temperatures were derived. In addition, ab initio DFT calculations were carried out for both compounds. A comparison of parameters evaluated from DFT with those of experiments revealed, in general, satisfactory agreement. Positive and negative thermal expansion values obtained from CePt3Si single crystal data are fairly well explained in terms of the crystalline electric field model, using CEF parameters derived recently from inelastic neutron scattering. DFT calculations, in addition, demonstrate that the atomic vibrations keep almost unaffected by the antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling present in systems with crystal structures having no inversion symmetry. This is opposite to electronic properties, where the antisymmetric spin-orbit interaction has shown to distinctly influence features like the superconducting condensate of CePt3Si.

  16. Crystal growth and scintillation properties of multi-component oxide single crystals: Ce:GGAG and Ce:La-GPS

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yoshikawa, A., E-mail: yoshikawa@imr.tohoku.ac.jp [Institute for Materials Research (IMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579 (Japan); C& A Corporation, 6-6-40 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 (Japan); Kamada, K. [New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579 (Japan); C& A Corporation, 6-6-40 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 (Japan); Kurosawa, S. [Institute for Materials Research (IMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579 (Japan); Shoji, Y. [Institute for Materials Research (IMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); C& A Corporation, 6-6-40 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 (Japan); Yokota, Y. [New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579 (Japan); Chani, V.I. [Institute for Materials Research (IMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); Nikl, M. [Institute of Physics, AS CR, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 53 Prague (Czech Republic)

    2016-01-15

    Crystal growth by micro-pulling-down, Czochralski, and floating zone methods and scintillation properties of Ce:Gd{sub 3}(Ga,Al){sub 5}O{sub 12} (Ce:GGAG) multi-component oxide garnets, and Ce:Gd{sub 2}Si{sub 2}O{sub 7} (Ce:GPS) or Ce:(La,Gd){sub 2}Si{sub 2}O{sub 7} (Ce:La-GPS) pyro-silicates are reviewed. GGAG crystals demonstrated practically linear dependences of some of the parameters including lattice constant, emission wavelength, and band gap on Ga content. However, emission intensity, light yield and energy resolution showed maxima for intermediate compositions. GGAG crystals had the highest light yield of 56,000 photon/MeV for Ga content of 2.7 atoms per garnet formula unit. Similarly the light yield and energy resolution of La-GPS showed the highest values of 40,000 photon/MeV and 4.4%@662 keV, respectively, for La-GPS containing 10% of La. Moreover, La-GPS demonstrated stable scintillation performance up to 200 °C.

  17. Experimental and theoretical study about sulfur deactivation of Ni/ CeO{sub 2} and Rh/CeO{sub 2} catalysts

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ocsachoque, Marco A., E-mail: ocmarco@quimica.unlp.edu.ar [Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas “Dr Jorge J. Ronco”, (CONICET, CCT La Plata), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Cs Exactas (UNLP), Calle 48 N° 257, 1900 La Plata (Argentina); Eugenio Russman, Juan I.; Irigoyen, Beatriz [Instituto de Tecnologías del Hidrógeno y Energías Sostenibles (ITHES), Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería (UBA), Buenos Aires (Argentina); Gazzoli, Delia [Dipartimento di Chimia, Universitá di Roma “La Sapienza”, Roma (Italy); González, María G. [Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas “Dr Jorge J. Ronco”, (CONICET, CCT La Plata), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Cs Exactas (UNLP), Calle 48 N° 257, 1900 La Plata (Argentina)

    2016-04-01

    Sulfur deactivation of Ni/CeO{sub 2} and Rh/CeO{sub 2} catalysts were examined through an experimental and theoretical study. These catalysts were characterized by N{sub 2} adsorption, X-ray diffraction, temperature programmed reaction, thermogravimetric analysis, Uv–visible spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, and tested under the methane dry reforming reaction in the presence of H{sub 2}S. On the other hand, different possible interactions of sulfur with Rh, Ni or surface sites of the CeO{sub 2} support were evaluated by performing energy calculations with the density functional theory (DFT). Overall, the results indicate that tolerance to sulfur of Rh/CeO{sub 2} catalyst is higher than that of Ni/CeO{sub 2} one. In this sense, TPR measurements show that reduction of CeO{sub 2} is promoted by the presence of Rh. This effect, probably caused by hydrogen spillover to CeO{sub 2} support during the reduction of RhO{sub x} species, could be linked to a high oxygen donation capacity of Rh/CeO{sub 2} catalysts. Accordingly, the O{sup 2−} species existing on Rh/CeO{sub 2} catalysts, revealed by Raman spectra of these samples, could favor sulfur oxidation and prevent Rh–S interactions. Likewise, the theoretical calculations show that desorption of S–O species from Rh/CeO{sub 2} system is more favorable than that from Ni/CeO{sub 2} one. Therefore, our experimental and theoretical study about sulfur deactivation of Ni and Rh supported on CeO{sub 2} allow us to postulate that Rh can help to desorb SO{sub x} species formed on the support, retarding sulfur poisoning of the Rh/CeO{sub 2} catalysts. - Highlights: • CeO{sub 2} support can act as a sacrifice trap decreasing sulfur poisoning. • Theoretical calculations indicate an important nickel affinity with sulfur. • Rh would favor desorption of S–O species formed on the support. • The O{sup 2−} species present on the Rh–CeO{sub 2} sample favor sulfur removal.

  18. INFRACŢIUNI CE IMPLICĂ SEMNE DE EXTREMISM RELIGIOS: ASPECTE DE DREPT PENAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexe JEFLEA

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available În articol sunt abordate unele probleme ce ţin de clarificarea conceptului de extremism religios în legea penală astăzi în vigoare a Republicii Moldova. Cercetarea legii penale în materia identificării şi interpretării extremismului religios începe cu definirea acestui fenomen. S-a precizat că la baza extremismului religios se poziţionează stârnirea discordiei religioase. Autorii au demonstrat că sintagma „extremism religios”, fiind o noţiune criminologică şi politică, nu se regăseşte în nicio normă a Codului penal din Republica Moldova. S-a constatat că mai multe componenţe de infrac­ţiuni implică, într-un fel sau altul, religia. Nu toate aceste fapte sunt de conotaţie extremistă, însă toate au la bază ura sau intoleranţa religioasă ca motiv special al săvârşirii mai multor fapte penale ce implică semne de extremism religios. Totodată, s-a arătat că legea penală a Republicii Moldova nu acoperă toate formele de extremism, lista acestora fiind de fapt mai largă. Prin urmare, autorii au demonstrat necesitatea introducerii unor prevederi noi care ar incrimina şi alte fapte cu caracter extremist.Criminal offences which involve signs of religious extremism: aspects of criminal lawThis scientific research is dedicated to some questions which are linked to the clarification of the concept of religious extremism in the light of criminal legislation of theRepublicofMoldova. Exploration of the criminal legislation in the matter of identification and interpretation of the religious extremism begins from the definition of this phenomenon. There have been summarized that namely the provocation of religious disagreement constitutes the basis on the religious extremism. The authors have demonstrated that the expression “religious extremism” being a criminological and political concept, is absent in the modern criminal legislation of theRepublicofMoldova. There have been observed that a lot of criminal

  19. Tribological characteristics of monodispersed cerium borate nanospheres in biodegradable rapeseed oil lubricant

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Boshui, Chen, E-mail: boshuichen@163.com; Kecheng, Gu; Jianhua, Fang; Jiang, Wu; Jiu, Wang; Nan, Zhang

    2015-10-30

    Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • Monodispersed stearic acid-capped cerium borate composite nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method. Their morphologies, element compositions, size distributions, crystal and chemical structures, hydrophobic characteristics were also characterized. • The surface-capped cerium borate nanoparticles exhibited excellent dispersing stability in rapeseed oil. As new lubricating additives, they were also outstanding in enhancing friction-reducing and anti-wear capacities of rapeseed oil in biodegradable rapeseed oil. The results presented in this paper would be of important significance for developing green lubricants and lubricant additives. • The prominent tribological performances of SA/CeBO{sub 3} in rapeseed oil were investigated and attributed to the formation of a composite boundary lubrication film mainly composed of lubricous tribochemical species on the tribo-surfaces. - Abstract: Stearic acid-capped cerium borate composite nanoparticles, abbreviated as SA/CeBO{sub 3}, were prepared by hydrothermal method. The morphologies, element compositions, size distributions, crystal and chemical structures, hydrophobic characteristics, of SA/CeBO{sub 3} were characterized by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, dynamic laser particle size analyzer, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, respectively. The friction and wear performances of SA/CeBO{sub 3} as a lubricating additive in a rapeseed oil were evaluated on a four-ball tribo-tester. The tribochemical characteristics of the worn surfaces were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that the hydrophobic SA/CeBO{sub 3} were monodispersed nanospheres with an average diameter of 8 nm, and exhibited excellent dispersing stability in rapeseed oil. Meanwhile, SA/CeBO{sub 3} nanospheres were outstanding in enhancing friction-reducing and anti-wear capacities of rapeseed oil. The prominent

  20. Multi-data reservoir history matching for enhanced reservoir forecasting and uncertainty quantification

    KAUST Repository

    Katterbauer, Klemens

    2015-04-01

    Reservoir simulations and history matching are critical for fine-tuning reservoir production strategies, improving understanding of the subsurface formation, and forecasting remaining reserves. Production data have long been incorporated for adjusting reservoir parameters. However, the sparse spatial sampling of this data set has posed a significant challenge for efficiently reducing uncertainty of reservoir parameters. Seismic, electromagnetic, gravity and InSAR techniques have found widespread applications in enhancing exploration for oil and gas and monitoring reservoirs. These data have however been interpreted and analyzed mostly separately, rarely exploiting the synergy effects that could result from combining them. We present a multi-data ensemble Kalman filter-based history matching framework for the simultaneous incorporation of various reservoir data such as seismic, electromagnetics, gravimetry and InSAR for best possible characterization of the reservoir formation. We apply an ensemble-based sensitivity method to evaluate the impact of each observation on the estimated reservoir parameters. Numerical experiments for different test cases demonstrate considerable matching enhancements when integrating all data sets in the history matching process. Results from the sensitivity analysis further suggest that electromagnetic data exhibit the strongest impact on the matching enhancements due to their strong differentiation between water fronts and hydrocarbons in the test cases.

  1. A New Method for Fracturing Wells Reservoir Evaluation in Fractured Gas Reservoir

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jianchun Guo

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Natural fracture is a geological phenomenon widely distributed in tight formation, and fractured gas reservoir stimulation effect mainly depends on the communication of natural fractures. Therefore it is necessary to carry out the evaluation of this reservoir and to find out the optimal natural fractures development wells. By analyzing the interactions and nonlinear relationships of the parameters, it establishes three-level index system of reservoir evaluation and proposes a new method for gas well reservoir evaluation model in fractured gas reservoir on the basis of fuzzy logic theory and multilevel gray correlation. For this method, the Gaussian membership functions to quantify the degree of every factor in the decision-making system and the multilevel gray relation to determine the weight of each parameter on stimulation effect. Finally through fuzzy arithmetic operator between multilevel weights and fuzzy evaluation matrix, score, rank, the reservoir quality, and predicted production will be gotten. Result of this new method shows that the evaluation of the production coincidence rate reaches 80%, which provides a new way for fractured gas reservoir evaluation.

  2. Educação permanente com os auxiliares de enfermagem da Estratégia Saúde da Família em Sobral, Ceará Continuing education with nursing assistants from the Family Health Strategy in Sobral, Ceará

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aldiania Carlos Balbino

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available A proposta da Política Nacional de Educação Permanente em Saúde (PNEPS é a formação e o desenvolvimento dos trabalhadores para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS. A partir desse pressuposto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a percepção dos auxiliares de enfermagem sobre o processo de Educação Permanente (EP que vem sendo realizado pela Escola de Formação em Saúde da Família Visconde de Sabóia (EFSFVS em Sobral, Ceará, Brasil. Desenvolveu-se um estudo exploratório-descritivo de natureza qualitativa com dez auxiliares de enfermagem que participaram pelo menos uma vez das atividades de EP desenvolvidas pela Coordenação de EP de Sobral. Os dados foram coletados por meio da técnica de grupo focal, e os resultados, analisados a partir do discurso do sujeito coletivo. Os resultados evidenciaram que houve mudanças na prática dos auxiliares de enfermagem após a inserção destes nas atividades de EP através do apoderamento e aperfeiçoamento de competências (habilidades, atitudes e conhecimentos. Destarte, faz-se necessária a permanência desses trabalhadores no processo de EP, assim como de avaliação sistemática nesse processo, para que se alcance uma prática profissional eficiente e transformadora, pelo aprender constante, qualificando a atenção à saúde.The proposal set forth by the National Policy on Continuing Education in Health (PNEPS is to train and develop workers for the Unified Health System (SUS. Based on this assumption, the purpose of this study was to analyze the perceptions nursing assistants have about the Continuing Education (CE process being carried out by the Visconde de Sabóia School for Education in Family Health (EFSFVS, in Sobral, state of Ceará, Brazil. A qualitative descriptive-exploratory study was undertaken involving ten nursing assistants who participated at least once in the CE activities undertaken by the Sobral CE Coordination. Data were collected through focus group techniques, and

  3. Environmental liabilities in Billings reservoir and its impacts on hydropower generation Plant Henry Borden; Os passivos ambientais no reservatorio Billings e os seus impactos na geracao hidroenergetica da Usina Henry Borden

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Almeida, Daniel Ladeira [Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo Andre, SP (Brazil)

    2010-07-01

    The primary assertion is that this article argues that the recovery in production of hydropower in Henry Borden (UHB) is the reduction of environmental liabilities in the Billings reservoir. In this context, the aim of this paper is to provide a first consideration of the possibility of recovery of production Henry Borden hydropower plant of recovering the multiple uses of the reservoir. From this perspective, we interviewed representatives of CETESB (Sanitation Environmental Technology Company) and EMAE (Metropolitan Water and Energy Company SA) for consideration of actions that include environmental policies aimed at increasing the production of electricity in Henry Borden in order to obtain results that may contribute to the multiple uses of the Billings reservoir. Noting that the range of laws aimed at protecting the water sources was limited to disjointed public policy that has reduced the resilience of the Billings reservoir. (author)

  4. Transitions between localized and itinerant antiferromagnetism in the Ce(Pb,In) sub 3 and Ce(Pb,Tl) sub 3 systems

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rahman, S; Timlin, J; Crow, J E; Mihalisin, T; Schlottmann, P [Temple Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States)

    1990-01-01

    CePb{sub 3} is an itinerant heavy fermion antiferromagnetic displaying an incommensurate magnetic structure and an extremely small ordered moment. CeIn{sub 3} and CeTl{sub 3}, on the other hand are well-localized, simple antiferromagnets with the full moments expected for crystal field doublet Ce{sup 3+} ion systems. The authors have performed specific heat, sysceptibility and resistivity measurements for both the Ce(Pb,In){sub 3} and Ce(Pb,Tl){sub 3} systems. These systems remain cubic Cu{sub 3}Au structures across the entire series. They display extremely interesting T{sub N} behavior which suggests that a continuous transition from itinerant to localized antiferromagnetic behavior occurs for the Ce(Pb,Tl){sub 3} system. In the Ce (Pb,In){sub 3} system both types of antiferromagnetism are present but they are separated by a concentration range ({approximately}10-40% Pb) over which antiferromagnetism does not exist. The behavior of these systems cannot be accounted for by a Kondo necklace approach that neglects the coherence of a heavy fermion lattice and resulting itinerant antiferromagnetism.

  5. Superconductivity and anomalous normal state in the CePd2Si2/CeNi2Ge2 system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Grosche, F.M.; Lister, S.J.S.; Carter, F.V.; Saxena, S.S.; Haselwimmer, R.K.W.; Mathur, N.D.; Julian, S.R.; Lonzarich, G.G.

    1997-01-01

    The unconventional nonmagnetic metal CeNi 2 Ge 2 is characterised at ambient pressure by temperature dependences of the specific heat and of the resistivity which deviate strongly from standard Fermi-liquid predictions and are reminiscent of the behaviour observed in its sibling system CePd 2 Si 2 above the critical pressure at which magnetic order is suppressed. We have explored the CePd 2 Si 2 /CeNi 2 Ge 2 phase diagram in a series of resistivity measurements under high hydrostatic pressure, p. At p>15 kbar, a new superconducting transition appears below 220 mK in CeNi 2 Ge 2 and shifts to higher temperatures with increasing pressure, reaching ∝400 mK at p∝26 kbar. (orig.)

  6. Redox potentials and kinetics of the Ce 3+/Ce 4+ redox reaction and solubility of cerium sulfates in sulfuric acid solutions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Paulenova, A.; Creager, S. E.; Navratil, J. D.; Wei, Y.

    Experimental work was performed with the aim of evaluating the Ce 4+/Ce 3+ redox couple in sulfuric acid electrolyte for use in redox flow battery (RFB) technology. The solubility of cerium sulfates in 0.1-4.0 M sulfuric acid at 20-60 °C was studied. A synergistic effect of both sulfuric acid concentration and temperature on the solubility of cerous sulfate was observed. The solubility of cerous sulfate significantly decreased with rising concentration of sulfuric acid and rising temperature, while the solubility of ceric sulfate goes through a significant maximum at 40 °C. Redox potentials and the kinetics of the cerous/ceric redox reaction were also studied under the same temperature-concentration conditions. The redox potentials were measured using the combined redox electrode (Pt-Ag/AgCl) in equimolar Ce 4+/Ce 3+ solutions (i.e.[Ce 3+]=[Ce 4+]) in sulfuric acid electrolyte. The Ce 3+/Ce 4+ redox potentials significantly decrease (i.e. shift to more negative values) with rising sulfuric acid concentration; a small maximum is observed at 40 °C. Cyclic voltammetric experiments confirmed slow electrochemical kinetics of the Ce 3+/Ce 4+ redox reaction on carbon glassy electrodes (CGEs) in sulfuric acid solutions. The observed dependencies of solubilities, the redox potentials and the kinetics of Ce 3+/Ce 4+ redox reaction on sulfuric acid concentration are thought to be the result of inequivalent complexation of the two redox species by sulfate anions: the ceric ion is much more strongly bound to sulfate than is the cerous ion. The best temperature-concentration conditions for the RFB electrolytes appear to be 40 °C and 1 M sulfuric acid, where the relatively good solubility of both cerium species, the maximum of redox potentials, and the more or less satisfying stability of CGE s were found. Even so, the relatively low solubility of cerium salts in sulfuric acid media and slow redox kinetics of the Ce 3+/Ce 4+ redox reaction at carbon indicate that the Ce 3+/Ce

  7. Reservoir Engineering Management Program

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Howard, J.H.; Schwarz, W.J.

    1977-12-14

    The Reservoir Engineering Management Program being conducted at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory includes two major tasks: 1) the continuation of support to geothermal reservoir engineering related work, started under the NSF-RANN program and transferred to ERDA at the time of its formation; 2) the development and subsequent implementation of a broad plan for support of research in topics related to the exploitation of geothermal reservoirs. This plan is now known as the GREMP plan. Both the NSF-RANN legacies and GREMP are in direct support of the DOE/DGE mission in general and the goals of the Resource and Technology/Resource Exploitation and Assessment Branch in particular. These goals are to determine the magnitude and distribution of geothermal resources and reduce risk in their exploitation through improved understanding of generically different reservoir types. These goals are to be accomplished by: 1) the creation of a large data base about geothermal reservoirs, 2) improved tools and methods for gathering data on geothermal reservoirs, and 3) modeling of reservoirs and utilization options. The NSF legacies are more research and training oriented, and the GREMP is geared primarily to the practical development of the geothermal reservoirs. 2 tabs., 3 figs.

  8. Ce-doped nanoparticles of TiO2: Rutile-to-brookite phase transition and evolution of Ce local-structure studied with XRD and XANES

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kityakarn, Sutasinee; Worayingyong, Attera; Suramitr, Anwaraporn; Smith, M.F.

    2013-01-01

    The crystal and electronic structural changes undergone by TiO 2 nanoparticles when Ce is introduced were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES). A small amount of Ce (less than 1% molar concentration) resulted in i/a significant reduction of the average size of the TiO 2 nanoparticles and ii/a phase transition in which brookite replaced rutile as the minority phase component (anatase was the majority phase component at all Ce concentrations studied up to 10% molar concentration). The Ce L3 edge XANES revealed changes in the local environment of Ce impurities. As Ce concentration was increased the fraction of Ce that have formal valence of +3 decreased and, for the remaining Ce with valence +4, the 4f orbitals became less-strongly hybridized with the p-orbitals of oxygen neighbors. The results have implications for photocatalytic and gas sensing properties of Ce-doped TiO 2 . - Highlights: ► Ce-doping: TiO 2 nanoparticles shrink and minority phase changes rutile-> brookite. ► XANES reveals phase change for arbitrarily small particles (while XRD fails). ► As Ce added: fraction of Ce +3 dopants falls, hybridization of Ce +4 with O weakens

  9. Nuclear import and export signals of human cohesins SA1/STAG1 and SA2/STAG2 expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leszek J Tarnowski

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Human SA/STAG proteins, homologues of the yeast Irr1/Scc3 cohesin, are the least studied constituents of the sister chromatid cohesion complex crucial for proper chromosome segregation. The two SA paralogues, SA1 and SA2, show some specificity towards the chromosome region they stabilize, and SA2, but not SA1, has been shown to participate in transcriptional regulation as well. The molecular basis of this functional divergence is unknown. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In silico analysis indicates numerous putative nuclear localization (NLS and export (NES signals in the SA proteins, suggesting the possibility of their nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. We studied the functionality of those putative signals by expressing fluorescently tagged SA1 and SA2 in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Only the N-terminal NLS turned out to be functional in SA1. In contrast, the SA2 protein has at least two functional NLS and also two functional NES. Depending on the balance between these opposing signals, SA2 resides in the nucleus or is distributed throughout the cell. Validation of the above conclusions in HeLa cells confirmed that the same N-terminal NLS of SA1 is functional in those cells. In contrast, in SA2 the principal NLS functioning in HeLa cells is different from that identified in yeast and is localized to the C-terminus. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first demonstration of the possibility of non-nuclear localization of an SA protein. The reported difference in the organization between the two SA homologues may also be relevant to their partially divergent functions. The mechanisms determining subcellular localization of cohesins are only partially conserved between yeast and human cells.

  10. Synthesis and characterization of Ce doped MFI zeolite

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kalita, Banani; Talukdar, Anup K.

    2012-01-01

    Highlights: ► Cerium was incorporated into the tetrahedral position of MFI zeolite structure. ► Unit cell volume increases with an increase of Ce content in the framework of MFI. ► A band at 310 nm in the UV–vis spectra indicates Ce incorporation in MFI structure. ► The mass loss (%) in the region 373–423 K decreases with increase of Ce in MFI. - Abstract: Ce doped MFI (mobil five) zeolites with different Si to (Ce + Al) and different Ce to Al ratios were synthesized by a hydrothermal synthesis method. All the samples were characterized by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that almost pure MFI phase was obtained in all cases with incorporation of cerium metal into the framework. The increase in unit cell parameters observed with an increase in Ce content is indicative of incorporation of Ce into the framework structure of microporous material MFI. Corroboration of the framework incorporation of Ce into the MFI zeolite structure was also obtained from the UV–vis DRS spectra by the presence of an absorption band at 280 nm. TGA and SEM of the samples provide complementary evidence for Ce incorporation into the framework MFI structure.

  11. Catalytic reforming of toluene as tar model compound: effect of Ce and Ce-Mg promoter using Ni/olivine catalyst.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Ruiqin; Wang, Huajian; Hou, Xiaoxue

    2014-02-01

    Tar produced by biomass gasification as a route of renewable energy must be removed before the gas can be used. This study was undertaken using toluene as a model tar compound for evaluating its steam reforming conversion with three Ni-based catalysts, Ni/olivine, Ni-Ce/olivine and Ni-Ce-Mg/olivine. Effects of Ce and Mg promoters on the reaction activity and coke deposition were studied. Overall the performance of Ce and Mg promoted Ni/olivine catalysts is better than that of only Ce promoter and Ni/olivine alone. The experimental results indicate that Ni-Ce-Mg/olivine catalysts could improve the resistance to carbon deposition, enhance energy gases yield and resist 10ppm H2S poison at 100mLmin(-1) for up to 400min. Furthermore, the activity of catalysts was related to the steam/carbon (S/C) ratios; at S/C ratio=5, T=790°C, space velocity=782h(-1) and t=2h, the Ni-Ce-Mg/olivine system yielded 89% toluene conversion, 5.6Lh(-1) product gas rate, 62.6mol% H2 content and 10% (mol useful gas mol(-1) toluene) energy yield. Moreover, at low S/C ratio, it had higher reaction activity and better ability to prevent coking. There is a small amount of carbon deposition in the form of amorphous carbon after 7h. Various characterization techniques such as XRD, FTIR and thermogravimetric were performed to investigate the coke deposition of Ni/olivine, Ni-Ce/olivine and Ni-Ce-Mg/olivine. It is suggested that 3% Ni-1% Ce-1% Mg/olivine was the most promising catalyst due to its minimum coke amount and the lower activation energy of coke burning. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  12. Archives: Health SA Gesondheid

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Items 1 - 42 of 42 ... Archives: Health SA Gesondheid. Journal Home > Archives: Health SA Gesondheid. Log in or Register to get access to full text downloads. Username, Password, Remember me, or Register · Journal Home · ABOUT THIS JOURNAL · Advanced Search · Current Issue · Archives. 1 - 42 of 42 Items. 2018 ...

  13. Application of Ce{sub x}Zr{sub 1-x}O{sub 2} catalysts for the synthesis of diethyl carbonate from ethanol and carbon dioxide

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Prymak, I.; Kalevaru, V.N.; Kollmorgen, P.; Wohlrab, S. [Leibniz-Institut fuer Katalyse e.V. an der Universitaet Rostock (Germany); Martin, A.

    2013-11-01

    The direct synthesis of diethyl carbonate (DEC) from ethanol and CO{sub 2} is indeed an attractive approach from both academic and commercial points of view. In the present study, we report on the synthesis, characterization and catalytic evaluation of Ce-Zr-O solids with varying Ce/Zr ratios. The catalysts were prepared by citrate complexation method, and characterized by various techniques such as N{sub 2} adsorption (BET-SA), XRD, H{sub 2}-TPR, NH{sub 3}-TPD etc. The catalytic performance of these catalysts was evaluated towards the synthesis of DEC from ethanol and CO{sub 2} under suitable reaction conditions. According to thermodynamic data, the reaction is favorable at low reaction temperatures and high reaction pressures. Thus, the catalytic experiments were carried out in a continuous mode using a plug-flow reactor that was operated up to 200 bar and ca. 200 C. The effect of the reaction temperature (30-180 C) and pressure (80-180 bar) on the yield of DEC was investigated. Among various catalysts tested, Ce-Zr-O catalyst with 80 mol% Ce content has exhibited a relatively better performance compared to all other Ce-Zr-O catalysts. DEC yield increased with increasing reaction temperature up to 140 C. The highest yield of DEC obtained from the best case was 0.7 % at 140 C and at 140 bars. Further increase in temperature to 180 C caused a decrease in the DEC formation due to thermodynamic reasons as mentioned above. The ceria proportion has shown a considerable influence on the BET surface areas and thereby catalytic activity as well. The results revealed that the redox properties as well as acidity characteristics of the solids are strongly influenced by the content of Ce in the catalysts, which in turn showed a clear impact on the catalytic performance. (orig.)

  14. Grupo PET-Saúde/Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador Portuário: vivência compartilhada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria de Fátima Ferreira Queiróz

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Trata-se de um relato de vivência compartilhada do Grupo PET-Saúde/ Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador Portuário, da Universidade Federal de São Paulo – Unifesp e o Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador – CEREST, de Santos, SP. O objetivo é descrever a experiência desse grupo tutorial e sua contribuição para o fortalecimento de ações de vigilância em saúde do trabalhador de Santos. O trabalho portuário é a temática do PET-Saúde por sua importância no cenário nacional e por sofrer transformações que geram fatores de agravos à saúde dos trabalhadores. As ações são desenvolvidas englobando o CEREST, os serviços da rede de saúde de Santos e a comunidade portuária santista. Observa-se que os participantes têm compartilhado conhecimento teórico e prático profissional, contribuindo nas ações dos trabalhadores do CEREST e apontando na direção de aproximação com a rede básica de atenção à saúde.

  15. Environmental impact from pollutant action in the Billings Reservoir in Sao Paulo metropolitan area - Brazil

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fujita, S.; Braghin, P.L.

    1989-01-01

    The ELETROPAULO Electricity from Sao Paulo S/A covers 74 municipal district of the State with electric power, signifying 26% of the energy consumed in Brazil. This paper presents problems with the aquatic plants proliferation and the methods used for their control in the ELETROPAULO hydraulic system, compound by generators plants, channels and reservoirs. The main consequences of their evolution and the advantage and disadvantage of the used methods are mentioned. These plant proliferation cause damages for the neighbour population, with some social and sanitary re flexion, and for the Company operation. Considerations for an improvement of the control methods are also cited. (C.G.C.). 1 fig

  16. Evaluation of an Empirical Reservoir Shape Function to Define Sediment Distributions in Small Reservoirs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bogusław Michalec

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Understanding and defining the spatial distribution of sediment deposited in reservoirs is essential not only at the design stage but also during the operation. The majority of research concerns the distribution of sediment deposition in medium and large water reservoirs. Most empirical methods do not provide satisfactory results when applied to the determination of sediment deposition in small reservoirs. Small reservoir’s volumes do not exceed 5 × 106 m3 and their capacity-inflow ratio is less than 10%. Long-term silting measurements of three small reservoirs were used to evaluate the method described by Rahmanian and Banihashemi for predicting sediment distributions in small reservoirs. Rahmanian and Banihashemi stated that their model of distribution of sediment deposition in water reservoir works well for a long duration operation. In the presented study, the silting rate was used in order to determine the long duration operation. Silting rate is a quotient of volume of the sediment deposited in the reservoir and its original volume. It was stated that when the silting rate had reached 50%, the sediment deposition in the reservoir may be described by an empirical reservoir depth shape function (RDSF.

  17. Oxidation of Ce(III) in Foam Decontaminant by Ozone

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jung, Chong Hun; Yoon, I. H.; Choi, W. K.; Moon, J. K.; Yang, H. B. [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of); Lee, J. S. [Gachon University, Seongnam (Korea, Republic of)

    2016-10-15

    A nanoparticle-based foam decontaminant is composed of a surfactant and nanoparticles for the generation and maintenance of foam, and a chemical decontamination agent made of Ce(IV) dissolved in nitric acid. Ce(IV) will be reduced to Ce(III) through the decontamination process. Oxidizing cerium(III) can be reused as a decontamination agent, Ce(IV). Oxidation treatment technology by ozone uses its strong oxidizing power. It can be regarded as an environmentally friendly process, because ozone cannot be stored and transported like other industrial gases (because it quickly decays into diatomic oxygen) and must therefore be produced on site, and used ozone can decompose immediately. The ozonation treatment of Ce(III) in foam decontaminant containing a surfactant is necessary for the effective regeneration of Ce(III). Thus, the present study was undertaken to determine the optimal conditions for ozonation treatment in the regeneration of Ce(III) into Ce(IV) in the nanoparticle-based foam decontaminant containing surfactant. This study was undertaken to determine the optimal conditions for ozonation treatment in the regeneration of Ce(III) to Ce(IV) in nanoparticle-based foam decontaminant containing a TBS surfactant. The oxidation conversion rate of Ce(III) was increased with an increase in the flow rate of the gas mixture and ozone injection amount. The oxidation time required for the 100% oxidation conversion of Ce(III) to Ce(IV) at a specific ozone injection amount can be predicted from these experimental data.

  18. Oxidation of Ce(III) in Foam Decontaminant by Ozone

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jung, Chong Hun; Yoon, I. H.; Choi, W. K.; Moon, J. K.; Yang, H. B.; Lee, J. S.

    2016-01-01

    A nanoparticle-based foam decontaminant is composed of a surfactant and nanoparticles for the generation and maintenance of foam, and a chemical decontamination agent made of Ce(IV) dissolved in nitric acid. Ce(IV) will be reduced to Ce(III) through the decontamination process. Oxidizing cerium(III) can be reused as a decontamination agent, Ce(IV). Oxidation treatment technology by ozone uses its strong oxidizing power. It can be regarded as an environmentally friendly process, because ozone cannot be stored and transported like other industrial gases (because it quickly decays into diatomic oxygen) and must therefore be produced on site, and used ozone can decompose immediately. The ozonation treatment of Ce(III) in foam decontaminant containing a surfactant is necessary for the effective regeneration of Ce(III). Thus, the present study was undertaken to determine the optimal conditions for ozonation treatment in the regeneration of Ce(III) into Ce(IV) in the nanoparticle-based foam decontaminant containing surfactant. This study was undertaken to determine the optimal conditions for ozonation treatment in the regeneration of Ce(III) to Ce(IV) in nanoparticle-based foam decontaminant containing a TBS surfactant. The oxidation conversion rate of Ce(III) was increased with an increase in the flow rate of the gas mixture and ozone injection amount. The oxidation time required for the 100% oxidation conversion of Ce(III) to Ce(IV) at a specific ozone injection amount can be predicted from these experimental data

  19. Tetragonal zirconia ceramics in Zr O2-Ce O2 system (Ce-TZP): preparation, characterization and mechanical properties

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Andrade Nono, M.C. de.

    1992-01-01

    This paper describes and discusses the results achieved in a study about Ce-TZP ceramics prepared from conventional powder mixtures of Zr O 2 and Ce O 2 (with composition in the range of 8 to 16 mol% Ce O 2 ). Physical and chemical characteristics were related with the powder compaction behavior and with the sintering state. The sintered ceramics showed a level of high porosity (≅ 4%), mainly due to the fairly adequate powder characteristics and compaction. The crystalline phases were analysed from X-rays diffraction data and showed that these ceramics can present tetragonal-to-monoclinic stress induced transformation. The bending strength, fracture toughness and Vickers hardness results were influenced by Ce O 2 content microstructure and sintering temperature. These Ce-TZP ceramics showed mechanical strength results comparable to those published in the international literature. (author)

  20. Chemically abrupt interface between Ce oxide and Fe films

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lee, H.G.; Lee, D.; Kim, S.; Kim, S.G.; Hwang, Chanyong

    2005-01-01

    A chemically abrupt Fe/Ce oxide interface can be formed by initial oxidation of an Fe film followed by deposition of Ce metal. Once a Ce oxide layer is formed on top of Fe, it acts a passivation barrier for oxygen diffusion. Further deposition of Ce metal followed by its oxidation preserve the abrupt interface between Ce oxide and Fe films. The Fe and Ce oxidation states have been monitored at each stage using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

  1. Redox behavior of Ce(IV)/Ce(III) in the presence of nitrilotriacetic acid: a surrogate study for An(IV)/An(III) redox behavior

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Suzuki, Y.; Nankawa, T.; Ohnuki, T.; Francis, A.J.

    2010-01-01

    Using cyclic voltammetry, we investigated the redox behavior of Ce(IV)/Ce(III), which is a surrogate for An(IV)/An(III) (An = actinides), in a solution of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) at 25 C. The cyclic voltammogram of Ce in a 0.1 M NTA solution at pH 6 showed a reversible one-electron redox reaction for Ce(IV)/Ce(III) at 0.51 V vs. Ag/AgCl. This redox potential was much lower than that obtained in 1 M nitric acid, indicating that Ce(IV) was preferentially stabilized by complexation with NTA. The redox potential in the NTA solution was independent of the Ce concentration from 2 to 20 mM, NTA concentration from 5 to 200 mM and pH between 3 and 7. These results indicated that no polymerization and no additional coordination of NTA and OH to the Ce(III)-NTA complex took place during the redox reaction. As the speciation calculation of Ce(III) in the NTA solution showed that the predominant species was Ce III (nta) 2 3 (H 3 nta = NTA), the redox reaction of the Ce-NTA complex was expressed by the following: Ce IV (nta) 2 2- + e - ↔ Ce III (nta) 2 3 . The logarithm of the stability constant of Ce IV (nta) 2 2- was calculated to be 38.6 ± 0.8 for I = 0 from the redox potential shift of Ce(IV)/Ce(III) in the NTA solution. The value was in good accordance with the stability constant of the Np IV (nta) 2 2- complex, demonstrating that the aqueous coordination chemistry of Ce(IV) with NTA is quite similar to that of An(IV). These results strongly suggest that a negative shift of the Pu(IV)/Pu(III) redox potential in the NTA solution should make Pu(IV) more stable than Pu(III) even in a reducing environment. (orig.)

  2. Synthesis of CeS and interactions with molten metals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Krikorian, O.H.; Curtis, P.G.

    1988-01-01

    Hot-pressed and sintered discs of single-phase CeS were tested for interaction with molten aluminium, uranium, and iron to determine the conditions under which reaction first begins and the nature of the reaction. Aluminium begins to react with CeS at ∼ 1190 K, slowly dissolving cerium and forming a thin layer of Ce 3 S 4 at the reaction interface. At 1363 K, aluminium wets and spreads over the CeS surface and dissolves ∼ 01 at% Ce. Ce 3 Al 11 precipitates out in the aluminium phase on cooldown. Uranium does not react with CeS at 1673 K, but at 1873 K it wets and spreads on CeS and dissolves ∼ 100 atom ppm S, which precipitates out as US on cooldown. Iron wets CeS at 1873 K and 1973 K but does not spread or interact. Because of the desirable containment characteristics of CeS and similar sulfides for molten metals, we recommend their use in a number of applications. (author)

  3. (EC+β+) decay of 130Ce

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xu Shuwei; Zhang Tianmei; Xie Yuanxiang; Ma Ruichang; Ge Yuanxiu; Guo Yingxiang; Wang Chunfang; Li Zhankui; Guo Bing; Xing Jianping; Guo Tianrui; Zhu Shaofei; Xu Wang; Du Jinzhou

    1996-01-01

    The nuclide 130 Ce was produced by a ( 16 O, 4n) reaction on an enriched 118 Sn target. Reaction products were transported to a shielded location by using a helium-jet tape transport system. A 22.9 min activity in chemically separated cerium sample was identified as 130 Ce. The (EC+β + ) decay scheme of 130 Ce was proposed for the first time. This scheme includes 108 γ-lines, 107 γ-lines among them being new. More than 13 1 + low-lying states of 130 La are populated in the decay of 130 Ce. Two new isomers with half-life of 77±10 ns and 17±5 ns were observed by means of delayed γ-γ coincidence measurements. (orig.). With 5 figs., 3 tabs

  4. Sistemas de serviços de saúde: principais tipologias e suas relações com os sistema de saúde brasileiro

    OpenAIRE

    José Patrício Bispo Júnior; Kelly Leite Maia de Messias

    2005-01-01

    O presente artigo discute as principais características dos Sistemas de Serviços de Saúde e relaciona o Sistema de Saúde Brasileiro com os três principais tipos de Sistemas de Serviços de Saúde. Conceitua e diferencia Sistema de Saúde de Sistemas de Serviços de Saúde. Apresenta a conformação, objetivos, componentes, características e funções dos Sistemas de Serviços de Saúde. Apresenta e discute os três principais tipos de Sistemas de Serviços de Saúde: Sistema de Saúde de Dominância de Me...

  5. Proximity effect of Pb on CeCu6 and La0.05Ce0.95Cu6

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen, T.P.; Tipparachi, U.; Yang, H.D.; Wang, J.T.; Chen, B.; Chen, J.C.J.

    1999-01-01

    Heavy fermion materials have attracted a great deal of attention since 1979. These materials which contain a rare earth (U, or Ce, etc.) element exhibit unusual behavior at low temperature. The effective mass m* of the Landau quasiparticles is found to be orders of magnitude higher than that of a bare electron. Some of the Heavy Fermion materials become superconductors at low temperature. The pairing of electrons in these superconductors may not be of s symmetry like those in BCS type superconductors. The mismatch in electronic mass and the difference in pairing state between the light conventional superconducting electrons and the heavy fermion electrons have brought the coupling between light electrons (BCS type) and the heavy fermion electrons into question. Proximity effect of Pb on CeCu 6 , Pb on La 0.05 Ce 0.95 Cu 6 , and Pb on Cu was used to investigate the coupling between the conventional superconducting electrons of Pb and the heavy electrons in CeCu 6 or La 0.05 Ce 0.95 Cu 6 . In this experiment proximity effect was found between Pb and CeCu 6 , as well as between Pb and La 0.05 Ce 0.95 Cu 6 . However, the proximity effect is small when compared with that between Pb and Cu. This indicates a much shorter extrapolation length in the heavy fermion materials than in Cu. Such a phenomenon can be explained by the mismatch in effective mass between the superconducting Pb electrons and the heavy fermion electrons

  6. Modeling reservoir geomechanics using discrete element method : Application to reservoir monitoring

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Alassi, Haitham Tayseer

    2008-09-15

    Understanding reservoir geomechanical behavior is becoming more and more important for the petroleum industry. Reservoir compaction, which may result in surface subsidence and fault reactivation, occurs during reservoir depletion. Stress changes and possible fracture development inside and outside a depleting reservoir can be monitored using time-lapse (so-called '4D') seismic and/or passive seismic, and this can give valuable information about the conditions of a given reservoir during production. In this study we will focus on using the (particle-based) Discrete Element Method (DEM) to model reservoir geomechanical behavior during depletion and fluid injection. We show in this study that DEM can be used in modeling reservoir geomechanical behavior by comparing results obtained from DEM to those obtained from analytical solutions. The match of the displacement field between DEM and the analytical solution is good, however there is mismatch of the stress field which is related to the way stress is measured in DEM. A good match is however obtained by measuring the stress field carefully. We also use DEM to model reservoir geomechanical behavior beyond the elasticity limit where fractures can develop and faults can reactivate. A general technique has been developed to relate DEM parameters to rock properties. This is necessary in order to use correct reservoir geomechanical properties during modeling. For any type of particle packing there is a limitation that the maximum ratio between P- and S-wave velocity Vp/Vs that can be modeled is 3 . The static behavior for a loose packing is different from the dynamic behavior. Empirical relations are needed for the static behavior based on numerical test observations. The dynamic behavior for both dense and loose packing can be given by analytical relations. Cosserat continuum theory is needed to derive relations for Vp and Vs. It is shown that by constraining the particle rotation, the S-wave velocity can be

  7. Estimation of Bank Erosion Due To Reservoir Operation in Cascade (Case Study: Citarum Cascade Reservoir

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sri Legowo

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available Sedimentation is such a crucial issue to be noted once the accumulated sediment begins to fill the reservoir dead storage, this will then influence the long-term reservoir operation. The sediment accumulated requires a serious attention for it may influence the storage capacity and other reservoir management of activities. The continuous inflow of sediment to the reservoir will decrease the capacity of reservoir storage, the reservoir value in use, and the useful age of reservoir. Because of that, the rate of the sediment needs to be delayed as possible. In this research, the delay of the sediment rate is considered based on the rate of flow of landslide of the reservoir slope. The rate of flow of the sliding slope can be minimized by way of each reservoir autonomous efforts. This effort can be performed through; the regulation of fluctuating rate of reservoir surface current that does not cause suddenly drawdown and upraising as well. The research model is compiled using the searching technique of Non Linear Programming (NLP.The rate of bank erosion for the reservoir variates from 0.0009 to 0.0048 MCM/year, which is no sigrificant value to threaten the life time of reservoir.Mean while the rate of watershed sediment has a significant value, i.e: 3,02 MCM/year for Saguling that causes to fullfill the storage capacity in 40 next years (from years 2008.

  8. Syntheses of optically efficient (La{sub 1-x-y}Ce{sub x}Tb{sub y})F{sub 3} nanocrystals via a hydrothermal method

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wang Qiang [Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 (United States); You Yumin; Ludescher, Richard D. [Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 (United States); Ju Yiguang, E-mail: yju@princeton.ed [Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 (United States)

    2010-06-15

    Optically efficient cerium and terbium doped lanthanide fluoride (La{sub 1-x-y}Ce{sub x}Tb{sub y})F{sub 3} nanocrystals with different doping concentrations have been synthesized by a hydrothermal route in the presence of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA). The results showed that the formation of nanocrystals with different morphologies depends on terbium ion Tb{sup 3+} doping concentration, but independent of cerium ion Ce{sup 3+} doping concentration. With increase in Tb{sup 3+} doping concentration, the morphologies of nanocrystals evolved from a spherical shape to a plated-like one. In addition, both the photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) and the fluorescence lifetime of nanocrystals increased with the increase in Ce{sup 3+} doping concentration in cerium and terbium co-doped system. The PL QY reached up to 55%, and the lifetime up to 7.3 ms. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption, photoluminescence (PL) and infrared (IR) spectroscopies were employed to characterize the properties of nanocrystals. The growth mechanism of nanocrystals with different morphologies and optical properties of nanocrystals with different doping concentrations were investigated.

  9. Severe accident training simulator APROS SA

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Raiko, Eerikki; Salminen, Kai; Lundstroem, Petra; Harti, Mika; Routamo, Tomi

    2003-01-01

    APROS SA is a severe accident training simulator based on the APROS simulation environment. APROS SA has been developed in Fortum Nuclear Services Ltd to serve as a training tool for the personnel of the Loviisa NPP. Training with APROS SA gives the personnel a deeper understanding of the severe accident phenomena and thus it is an important part of the implementation of the severe accident management strategy. APROS SA consists of two parts, a comprehensive Loviisa plant model and an external severe accident model. The external model is an extension to the Loviisa plant model, which allows the simulation to proceed into the severe accident phase. The severe accident model has three submodels: the core melting and relocation model, corium pool model and fission product model. In addition to these, a new thermal-hydraulic solver is introduced to the core region of the Loviisa plant model to replace the more limited APROS thermal-hydraulic solver. The full APROS SA training simulator has a graphical user interface with visualizations of both severe accident management panels at the operator room and the important physical phenomena during the accident. This paper describes the background of the APROS SA training simulator, the severe accident submodels and the graphical user interface. A short description how APROS SA will be used as a training tool at the Loviisa NPP is also given

  10. Åsa portreed / Åsa Johannesson ; intervjueerinud Kaisa Eiche

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Johannesson, Åsa

    2009-01-01

    Rootsi fotograafist Åsa Johannessonist, kelle portreefotode seeriat "Portraits of Her" eksponeeriti Riias toimunud kunstiüritusel "MOMENT". Tema õpingutest ja elust Londonis. Naiselikkusest ja mehelikkusest

  11. CE Challenges : Work to Do

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Stjepandic, J; Verhagen, W.J.C.; Wognum, P.M.

    2015-01-01

    CE has been used for more than two decades now. Despite many successes and advantages, there are still many challenges to be addressed. These challenges are both technical and organisational. In the paper we will address the current challenges of CE. Many challenges

  12. Micro and macro constituents of sediment cores from Itupararanga reservoir Sorocaba, SP, by INAA

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Silva, Sharlleny A.; Ferreira, Francisco J., E-mail: shasilva@sp.gov.br [Companhia Ambiental do Estado de Sao Paulo (ELAI/CETESB), SP (Brazil). Setor de Quimica Inorganica; Bevilacqua, Jose Eduardo [Companhia Ambiental do Estado de Sao Paulo (CETESB), Osasco, SP (Brazil). Diretoria de Avaliacao de Impacto Ambiental; Favaro, Deborah I.T., E-mail: defavaro@ipen.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (LAN-CRPq/IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Lab. de Analise por Ativacao Neutronica

    2013-07-01

    The Itupararanga reservoir was constructed by LIGHT for generating electrical energy, starting its operations in 1912. It is formed by the Sorocaba river dam. The reservoir finds itself in an area of strong environmental pressures. The waters of the Itupararanga reservoir are currently also used to supply approximately 63% of the basin of Sorocaba, in addition to power generation and recreation areas of nearby cities. Since 2003 it keeps receiving alerts from CETESB (Environmental Company of Sao Paulo State) that continues today. In this study four geo-referenced sampling points were used and bottom sediment samples were collected, were collected using a 60 cm core sampler, sliced at every 10 cm. The sediment samples were dried at 40 deg C, ground in an agate mortar, sieved (200 mesh) and again homogenized. Instrumental neutron activation analysis was applied to the sediment samples in order to determine some major elements (Fe, K and Na) and trace (As, Ba, Br, Co, Cr, Cs, Hf, Rb, Sb, Sc, Ta, Tb, Th, U and Zn) and rare earth (Ce, Eu, La, Lu, Nd, Sm, Tb and Yb) metals. The validation of the analytical methodology was performed by the analysis of certified reference materials. The results obtained were compared to NASC (North American Shale Composite) and UCC (Upper Continental Crust) reference values. The enrichment factors (EF) was assessed for sediment contamination index. Statistical tools of Factorial and Cluster analyses were applied to the data. (author)

  13. DEVELOPMENT OF RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES AND PRODUCTION MODELS FOR EXPLOITING NATURALLY FRACTURED RESERVOIRS

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Michael L. Wiggins; Raymon L. Brown; Faruk Civan; Richard G. Hughes

    2002-12-31

    For many years, geoscientists and engineers have undertaken research to characterize naturally fractured reservoirs. Geoscientists have focused on understanding the process of fracturing and the subsequent measurement and description of fracture characteristics. Engineers have concentrated on the fluid flow behavior in the fracture-porous media system and the development of models to predict the hydrocarbon production from these complex systems. This research attempts to integrate these two complementary views to develop a quantitative reservoir characterization methodology and flow performance model for naturally fractured reservoirs. The research has focused on estimating naturally fractured reservoir properties from seismic data, predicting fracture characteristics from well logs, and developing a naturally fractured reservoir simulator. It is important to develop techniques that can be applied to estimate the important parameters in predicting the performance of naturally fractured reservoirs. This project proposes a method to relate seismic properties to the elastic compliance and permeability of the reservoir based upon a sugar cube model. In addition, methods are presented to use conventional well logs to estimate localized fracture information for reservoir characterization purposes. The ability to estimate fracture information from conventional well logs is very important in older wells where data are often limited. Finally, a desktop naturally fractured reservoir simulator has been developed for the purpose of predicting the performance of these complex reservoirs. The simulator incorporates vertical and horizontal wellbore models, methods to handle matrix to fracture fluid transfer, and fracture permeability tensors. This research project has developed methods to characterize and study the performance of naturally fractured reservoirs that integrate geoscience and engineering data. This is an important step in developing exploitation strategies for

  14. Saúde do Trabalhador: necessidades desconsideradas pela gestão do Sistema Único de Saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Carlos Fadel de Vasconcellos

    Full Text Available RESUMO O texto, enquanto ensaio reflexivo, tem como objetivo analisar as normas operacionais e de pactuação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS, no sentido de observar se o enunciado normativo decorrente dos pactos em saúde é coerente com a determinação constitucional de promoção, proteção e reabilitação da saúde dos trabalhadores e com o enfrentamento dos alarmantes indicadores epidemiológicos dos agravos decorrentes do trabalho. Utiliza, como método, a análise documental e bibliográfica referente ao tema e conclui que, a partir das necessidades em saúde, aquelas que dizem respeito à saúde do trabalhador são desconsideradas pelos mecanismos de pactuação e gestão do SUS.

  15. SILTATION IN RESERVOIRS

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Keywords: reservoir model, siltation, sediment, catchment, sediment transport. 1. Introduction. Sediment ... rendered water storage structures useless in less than 25 years. ... reservoir, thus reducing the space available for water storage and ...

  16. 78 FR 75557 - CE FLNG, LLC, CE Pipeline, LLC; Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement for...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-12-12

    ... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. PF13-11-000] CE FLNG, LLC, CE Pipeline, LLC; Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement for the Planned CE FLNG Project, Request for Comments on Environmental Issues, and Notice of Public Scoping Meeting The staff of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ...

  17. Inverted opal luminescent Ce-doped silica glasses

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. Scotti

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Inverted opal Ce-doped silica glasses (Ce : Si molar ratio 1 ⋅ 10−3 were prepared by a sol-gel method using opals of latex microspheres as templates. The rare earth is homogeneously dispersed in silica host matrix, as evidenced by the absence of segregated CeO2, instead present in monolithic Ce-doped SG with the same cerium content. This suggests that the nanometric dimensions of bridges and junctions of the host matrix in the inverted opal structures favor the RE distribution avoiding the possible segregation of CeO2.

  18. Optimal Operation of Hydropower Reservoirs under Climate Change: The Case of Tekeze Reservoir, Eastern Nile

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fikru Fentaw Abera

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Optimal operation of reservoirs is very essential for water resource planning and management, but it is very challenging and complicated when dealing with climate change impacts. The objective of this paper was to assess existing and future hydropower operation at the Tekeze reservoir in the face of climate change. In this study, a calibrated and validated Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT was used to model runoff inflow into the Tekeze hydropower reservoir under present and future climate scenarios. Inflow to the reservoir was simulated using hydro-climatic data from an ensemble of downscaled climate data based on the Coordinated Regional climate Downscaling Experiment over African domain (CORDEX-Africa with Coupled Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5 simulations under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios. Observed and projected inflows to Tekeze hydropower reservoir were used as input to the US Army Corps of Engineer’s Reservoir Evaluation System Perspective Reservoir Model (HEC-ResPRM, a reservoir operation model, to optimize hydropower reservoir release, storage and pool level. Results indicated that climate change has a clear impact on reservoir inflow and showed increase in annual and monthly inflow into the reservoir except in dry months from May to June under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios. HEC-ResPRM optimal operation results showed an increase in Tekeze reservoir power storage potential up to 25% and 30% under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios, respectively. This implies that Tekeze hydropower production will be affected by climate change. This analysis can be used by water resources planners and mangers to develop reservoir operation techniques considering climate change impact to increase power production.

  19. Improving reservoir history matching of EM heated heavy oil reservoirs via cross-well seismic tomography

    KAUST Repository

    Katterbauer, Klemens

    2014-01-01

    Enhanced recovery methods have become significant in the industry\\'s drive to increase recovery rates from oil and gas reservoirs. For heavy oil reservoirs, the immobility of the oil at reservoir temperatures, caused by its high viscosity, limits the recovery rates and strains the economic viability of these fields. While thermal recovery methods, such as steam injection or THAI, have extensively been applied in the field, their success has so far been limited due to prohibitive heat losses and the difficulty in controlling the combustion process. Electromagnetic (EM) heating via high-frequency EM radiation has attracted attention due to its wide applicability in different environments, its efficiency, and the improved controllability of the heating process. While becoming a promising technology for heavy oil recovery, its effect on overall reservoir production and fluid displacements are poorly understood. Reservoir history matching has become a vital tool for the oil & gas industry to increase recovery rates. Limited research has been undertaken so far to capture the nonlinear reservoir dynamics and significantly varying flow rates for thermally heated heavy oil reservoir that may notably change production rates and render conventional history matching frameworks more challenging. We present a new history matching framework for EM heated heavy oil reservoirs incorporating cross-well seismic imaging. Interfacing an EM heating solver to a reservoir simulator via Andrade’s equation, we couple the system to an ensemble Kalman filter based history matching framework incorporating a cross-well seismic survey module. With increasing power levels and heating applied to the heavy oil reservoirs, reservoir dynamics change considerably and may lead to widely differing production forecasts and increased uncertainty. We have shown that the incorporation of seismic observations into the EnKF framework can significantly enhance reservoir simulations, decrease forecasting

  20. XAFS Analysis of Local Structure around Ce in Ca3Sc2Si3O12:Ce Phosphor for White LEDs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Akai, Toshio; Shigeiwa, Motoyuki; Okamoto, Kaoru; Shimomura, Yasuo; Kijima, Naoto; Honma, Tetsuo

    2007-01-01

    We have studied the local structure around Ce atom in Ca3Sc2Si3O12 host crystal, which has been developed as a new green phosphor for white light emitting diodes (LEDs). As the local structure and chemical environment of the dopant atom are very important to improve the performance of the phosphor, we have used XAFS to get chemical and structural information around the Ce dopant. The XANES spectrum of the Ce LIII-edge reveals that the Ce atom is trivalent in Ca3Sc2Si3O12. There are two kinds of possible Ce substitution sites, Ca site and Sc site, in garnet type Ca3Sc2Si3O12 crystal structure. The Ce atom is found to be at the Ca site in the host crystal by the comparison of the Fourier transform of Ce K-edge EXAFS spectrum with those of Ca and Sc K-edge EXAFS spectra. The theoretical analysis with FEFF also clarified the Ce substitution at the Ca site. Furthermore, the result of the analysis indicates the structural disorder around Ca and Si atoms at 3.75 A. It is possible that there are some defects around the Ca and Si atoms at 3.75 A to compensate the excess positive charge by introduced Ce3+ at the Ca2+ site

  1. Nagylengyel: an interesting reservoir. [Yugoslovia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dedinszky, J

    1971-04-01

    The Nagylengyel oil field, discovered in 1951, has oil-producing formations mostly in the Upper-Triassic dolomites, in the Norian-Ractian transition formations, in the Upper-Cretaceous limestones and shales, and in the Miocene. The formation of the reservoir space occurred in many stages. A porous, cavernous fractured reservoir is developed in the Norian principal dolomite. A cavernous fractured reservoir exists in the Cretaceous limestone and in the Cretaceous shale and porous fractured reservoir is developed in the Miocene. The derivation of the model of the reservoir, and the conservative evaluation of the volume of the reservoir made it possible to use secondary recovery.

  2. Saúde e desenvolvimento

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Luiza D'Ávila Viana

    Full Text Available Considerando que os modernos sistemas de saúde são o resultado da complexa interação de processos econômicos, políticos e sociais, o objetivo do trabalho é discutir a relação entre saúde e desenvolvimento no Brasil, mostrando que o esgotamento do modelo liberal de política econômica abre nova perspectiva para a retomada do desenvolvimento, entendido como combinação entre crescimento da economia, mudanças na estrutura produtiva e melhora das condições de vida da população. O complexo produtivo da saúde joga papel decisivo nesse processo, pois constitui um campo em que inovação tecnológica e acumulação de capital geram oportunidades de investimento, trabalho e renda, além de produzir avanços importantes para melhorar o estado de saúde das pessoas. A recente adoção de políticas públicas voltadas para articular, de forma positiva, aspectos da política econômica e da política social revela que a questão do desenvolvimento nacional ganhou nova centralidade na agenda governamental, o que abre a perspectiva de maior integração entre a lógica econômica e a lógica sanitária. Entretanto, é preciso reconhecer que o Brasil ainda não logrou alcançar uma associação virtuosa entre saúde e desenvolvimento.

  3. Stromatolite laminae (Lagoa Vermelha, Brasil) as archives for reservoir age changes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bruggmann, Sylvie; Vasconcelos, Crisogono; Hajdas, Irka

    2016-04-01

    As laminated biogenic or abiogenic sedimentary structures [1], stromatolites record environmental changes along growth profiles, revealing possible changes in reservoir ages due to input of older carbon. A modern stromatolite sample was collected in Lagoa Vermelha (100 km east of Rio de Janeiro, Brasil) an area known for upwelling of South Atlantic Central Water (SACW). 34 samples from a transect cutting the lamination were collected with a hand-driller for standard geochemistry and 14C AMS analyses. Shells collected in 2015 were analysed for estimation of the present-day reservoir age. 14C ages of laminae and the reservoir age were used to apply the age-depth model to the stromatolite transect with the OxCal depositional model (Marine13 calibration curve; [2]). Small-scale changes in the composition of laminae report environmental changes, e.g. upwelling. The well-laminated middle part (laminated boundstone; ca. 4cm) of the stromatolite transect was found to have grown in a short time period of less than 100 years (1163-1210 14C y BP), with four excursions towards older 14C ages (ca. 1200 14C y BP). To detect possible changes of marine 14C, calendar years assuming a stable modern reservoir age were used to simulate atmospheric 14C ages with the southern hemisphere IntCal13 atmospheric calibration curve [3]. The offset between the measured and simulated 14C ages indicates a variability of the reservoir age between -99 and 268 14C y with highest reservoir correction found for the layers with indication of environmental changes (e.g. upwelling). Thus, this simulation confirms the occurrence of older carbon and points out the sensitivity of stromatolites for changing reservoir ages. [1] M.A. Semikhatov, C.D. Gebelein, P. Cloud, S.M. Awramik, W.C. Benmore (1979). Stromatolite morphogenesis - progress and problems. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 19:992-1015. [2] P.J. Reimer, E. Bard, A. Bayliss, J. W. Beck, P. G. Blackwell, C. Bronk Ramsey, C. E. Buck, H. Cheng, R

  4. Synthesis and structural characterization of Ce-doped bismuth titanate

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pavlovic, Nikolina; Srdic, Vladimir V.

    2009-01-01

    Ce-modified bismuth titanate nanopowders Bi 4-x Ce x Ti 3 O 12 (x ≤ 1) have been synthesized using a coprecipitation method. DTA/TG, FTIR, XRD, SEM/EDS and BET methods were used in order to investigate the effect of Ce-substitution on the structure, morphology and sinterability of the obtained powders. The phase structure investigation revealed that after calcinations at 600 deg. C powder without Ce addition exhibited pure bismuth titanate phase; however, powders with Ce (x = 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75) had bismuth titanate pyrochlore phase as the second phase. The strongest effect of Ce addition on the structure was noted for the powder with the highest amount of Ce (x = 1) having a cubic pyrochlore structure. The presence of pure pyrochlore phase was explained by its stabilization due to the incorporation of cerium ions in titanate structure. Ce-modified bismuth titanate ceramic had a density over 95% of theoretical density and the fracture in transgranular manner most probably due to preferable distribution of Ce in boundary region

  5. Synthesis, extraction and electronic structure of Ce@C2n

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Bing-Bing; Zou, Guang-Tian; Yang, Hai-Bin; Yu, San; Lu, Jin-Shan; Liu, Zi-Yang; Liu, Shu-Ying; Xu, Wen-Guo

    1997-11-01

    In view of the growing interest in endohedral lanthanide fullerenes, Ce, as a typical+ 4 oxidation state lanthanide element, has been systematically studied. The synthesis, extraction and electronic structure of Ce @ C2n are investigated. Soot containing Ce@C2n was synthesized in high yield by carbonizing CeO2-containing graphite rods and are back-burning the CeC2-enriched cathode deposit in a DC arc plasma apparatus. Ce@C2n dominated by Ce@C82, can be efficiently extracted from the insoluble part of the soot after toluene Soxhlet extraction by pyridine at high temperature and high pressure in a closed vessel. About 60% Ce@C2n(2n = 82, 80, 78, 76) and 35% Ce@C82 can be enriched in the pyridine extract. This fact is identified by desorption electron impact mass spectrometry (DEI MS). The electronic structure of Ce@C2n is analyzed by using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) of pyridine-free film. It is suggested that the encapsulated Ce atom is in a charge state close to+ 3 and was effectively protected from reaction with water and oxygen by the enclosing fullerene cage. Unlike theoretical expectation, the electronic state of Ce@C82 is formally described as Ce+3@C3-82.

  6. Ferroelectric relaxor Ba(TiCe)O3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen Ang; Zhi Jing; Yu Zhi

    2002-01-01

    The dielectric behaviour of Ba(Ti 1-y Ce y )O 3 solid solutions (y=0-0.3) has been studied. A small amount of Ce doping (y=0.02) has weak influence on the dielectric behaviour of Ba(Ti 1-y Ce y )O 3 . With increasing Ce concentration, three phase transitions of pure BaTiO 3 are pinched into one rounded dielectric peak with frequency dispersion, and the relaxation time follows the Vogel-Fulcher relation. The evolution from a normal ferroelectric to a ferroelectric relaxor is emphasized. High strains (S=∼0.1-0.19%) with a small hysteresis under ac fields are obtained in ferroelectric relaxors Ba(Ti 1-y Ce y )O 3 . The physical mechanism of the relaxation process, the pinching effect of the phase transitions and their influence on the ferroelectric and electrostrictive behaviour are discussed. (author)

  7. NMR study of CeCoSi3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Iwamoto, Y.

    1995-01-01

    Low-temperature susceptibility, NMR and NQR of the 59 Co signal in CeCoSi 3 have been measured. CeCoSi 3 showed a superconducting transition at 0.7-1.2K. From NQR measurement, the nuclear quadrupole frequency and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 59 Co in CeCoSi 3 were estimated to be about 1.08MHz and 0.08MHz, respectively. The 59 Co nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T 1 ) in CeCoSi 3 was proportional to the temperature (T) as the Fermi liquid state above the superconducting transition temperature (T c ), and then rapidly decreased below T c . ((orig.))

  8. Distribution and Translocation of 141Ce (III) in Horseradish

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guo, Xiaoshan; Zhou, Qing; Lu, Tianhong; Fang, Min; Huang, Xiaohua

    2007-01-01

    Background and Aims Rare earth elements (REEs) are used in agriculture and a large amount of them contaminate the environment and enter foods. The distribution and translocation of 141Ce (III) in horseradish was investigated in order to help understand the biochemical behaviour and toxic mechanism of REEs in plants. Method The distribution and translocation of 141Ce (III) in horseradish were investigated using autoradiography, liquid scintillation counting (LSC) and electron microscopic autoradiography (EMARG) techniques. The contents of 141Ce (III) and nutrient elements were analysed using an inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). Results The results from autoradiography and LSC indicated that 141Ce (III) could be absorbed by horseradish and transferred from the leaf to the leaf-stalk and then to the root. The content of 141Ce (III) in different parts of horseradish was as follows: root > leaf-stalk > leaf. The uptake rates of 141Ce (III) in horseradish changed with the different organs and time. The content of 141Ce (III) in developing leaves was greater than that in mature leaves. The results from EMARG indicated that 141Ce (III) could penetrate through the cell membrane and enter the mesophyll cells, being present in both extra- and intra-cellular deposits. The contents of macronutrients in horseradish were decreased by 141Ce (III) treatment. Conclusions 141Ce (III) can be absorbed and transferred between organs of horseradish with time, and the distribution was found to be different at different growth stages. 141Ce (III) can enter the mesophyll cells via apoplast and symplast channels or via plasmodesmata. 141Ce (III) can disturb the metabolism of macronutrients in horseradish. PMID:17921527

  9. Traducerea: între ce se poate traduce și ce trebuie tradus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Magda Jeanrenaud

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Pornind de la o tulburătoare interpretare a lui Jacques Derrida, studiul de față își propune să investigheze și încearcă să explice blocajul ce intervine în versiunile englezești, franceze și românești (semnate de Antoine Berman, Alexis Nouss, Steven Rendall, Catrinel Pleșu etc. ale celebrului text al lui Walter Benjamin, Die Aufgabe des Übersetzers, atunci cînd traducătorii transpun în cele trei limbi țintă cele două citate cuprinse în acesta: un citat din Mallarmé, lăsat netradus de Benjamin însuși, și un altul, din Pannwitz. Într-un fel sau altul, ambele citate au o formă discursivă ce lasă să se întrevadă o sintaxă ce se abate deliberat de la normă, ca și cum ar fi deja niște „traduceri”. Analiza mai pune în evidență și comportamentul (cumva o dominantă a psihologiei traducătorilor? celor ce au transpus textul benjaminian, comportament marcat de obsesia lizibilității văzută ca o trăsătură congenitală a oricărei traduceri, chiar și atunci cînd textul original nu tinde spre aceasta. De unde și dilema, dureroasă, legată de spinoasa chestiune a intenționalității textului (nu doar de tradus...

  10. SELF-ASSEMBLY CE OXIDE/ORGANOPOLYSILOXANE COMPOSITE COATINGS.

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    SUGAMA,T.; SABATINI,R.; GAWLIK,K.

    2005-01-01

    A self-assembly composite synthesis technology was used to put together a Ce(OH){sub 3}-dispersed poly-acetamide-acetoxyl methyl-propylsiloxane (PAAMPA) organometallic polymer. Three spontaneous reactions were involved; condensation, amidation, and acetoxylation, between the Ce acetate and aminopropylsilane triol (APST) at 150 C. An increase in temperature to 200 C led to the in-situ phase transformation of Ce(OH){sub 3} into Ce{sub 2}O{sub 3} in the PAAMPA matrix. A further increase to 250 C caused oxidative degradation of the PAAMPA, thereby generating copious fissures in the composite. We assessed the potential of Ce(OH){sub 3}/ and Ce{sub 2}O{sub 3}/ PAAMPA composite materials as corrosion-preventing coatings for carbon steel and aluminum. The Ce{sub 2}O{sub 3} composite coating displayed better performance in protecting both metals against NaCl-caused corrosion than did the Ce(OH){sub 3} composite. Using this coating formed at 200 C, we demonstrated that the following four factors played an essential role in further mitigating the corrosion of the metals: First was a minimum susceptibility of coating's surface to moisture; second was an enhanced densification of the coating layer; third was the retardation of the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction at the metal's corrosion sites due to the deposition of Ce{sub 2}O{sub 3} as a passive film over the metal's surface; and, fourth was its good adherence to metals. The last two factors contributed to minimizing the cathodic delamination of coating film from the metal's surface. We also noted that the affinity of the composite with the surface of aluminum was much stronger than that with steel. Correspondingly, the rate of corrosion of aluminum was reduced as much as two orders of magnitude by a nanoscale thick coating. In contrast, its ability to reduce the corrosion rate of steel was lower than one order of magnitude.

  11. The interdisciplinarity experienced in the PET- Saúde program A interdisciplinaridade vivenciada no PET-Saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sueli Moreira Pirolo

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Introduction: The incorporation of the oral health team in the Family Health Strategy (ESF, in 2000, enabled the adoption of a more active attitude of Primary Health Care in this field, in as much as oral health consists of an inseparable and integral part of the individual’s health. The interaction of health professionals becomes possible through policies like “PET-Saúde” which promotes the professional formation articulated with the ESF professionals as well as the process of integration of teaching, service and community in the perspective of interdisciplinarity. Objective: To report the experience of students during an interdisciplinary research. Description of the experience: This report was experienced in “PET-Saúde” of the Faculty of Medicine of Marília, at the “Man’s Health” subproject aiming at elaborating and validating a data collection instrument through Delphi Technique in order to help the health care team to detect early dental problems because of the damaged oral health pattern of the age group between 35 and 44 in Brazil. The members of this study are: medical and nursing students, a dentist preceptor and a nursing tutor. For the educational activities, the active methodology of teaching-learning was used. Conclusion: The reflexive actions, the moments for discussions provided the development of scientific investigation. The approximation of the process of validation through Delphi Technique also allowed the expansion of multidisciplinary knowledge on oral health. This experience made it possible to qualify the academic-professional formation on the interdisciplinary approach, and it’s important to strengthen the interaction among professionals and the articulation of health actions.Introdução: A incorporação da equipe de saúde bucal na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF, em 2000, possibilitou a adoção de uma postura mais ativa de atenção primária nesta área, visto que a saúde bucal consiste

  12. Resonant photoemission study of CeRu4Sb12

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ishii, Hiroyoshi; Miyahara, Tsuneaki; Takayama, Yasuhiro; Shiozawa, Hidetsugu; Obu, Kenji; Matsuda, Tatsuma D.; Aoki, Yuji; Sugawara, Hitoshi; Sato, Hideyuki

    2005-01-01

    We have measured the Ce 4d-4f and Ce 3d-4f resonant photoemission spectra of CeRu 4 Sb 12 . The Ce 4f spectra show the spectral features corresponding to a weakly hybridized system. The number of 4f electrons is estimated to be ∼1.0

  13. A Study of the Optimal Planning Model for Reservoir Sustainable Management- A Case Study of Shihmen Reservoir

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Y. Y.; Ho, C. C.; Chang, L. C.

    2017-12-01

    The reservoir management in Taiwan faces lots of challenge. Massive sediment caused by landslide were flushed into reservoir, which will decrease capacity, rise the turbidity, and increase supply risk. Sediment usually accompanies nutrition that will cause eutrophication problem. Moreover, the unevenly distribution of rainfall cause water supply instability. Hence, how to ensure sustainable use of reservoirs has become an important task in reservoir management. The purpose of the study is developing an optimal planning model for reservoir sustainable management to find out an optimal operation rules of reservoir flood control and sediment sluicing. The model applies Genetic Algorithms to combine with the artificial neural network of hydraulic analysis and reservoir sediment movement. The main objective of operation rules in this study is to prevent reservoir outflow caused downstream overflow, minimum the gap between initial and last water level of reservoir, and maximum sluicing sediment efficiency. A case of Shihmen reservoir was used to explore the different between optimal operating rule and the current operation of the reservoir. The results indicate optimal operating rules tended to open desilting tunnel early and extend open duration during flood discharge period. The results also show the sluicing sediment efficiency of optimal operating rule is 36%, 44%, 54% during Typhoon Jangmi, Typhoon Fung-Wong, and Typhoon Sinlaku respectively. The results demonstrate the optimal operation rules do play a role in extending the service life of Shihmen reservoir and protecting the safety of downstream. The study introduces a low cost strategy, alteration of operation reservoir rules, into reservoir sustainable management instead of pump dredger in order to improve the problem of elimination of reservoir sediment and high cost.

  14. Desigualdade social e saúde no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Neri Marcelo

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Esse artigo estuda a relação entre desigualdade social e saúde no Brasil. A estratégia usada foi avaliar as necessidades e o consumo dos serviços de saúde, bem como o acesso a seguro saúde ao longo da distribuição de renda. Adicionalmente, por meio da estimação de uma regressão logística, foram avaliados outros determinantes do consumo dos serviços de saúde, com o intuito de se conhecer aonde e quem utiliza esses serviços no país. Os dados foram extraídos da Pesquisas Nacional de Amostra por Domicilio da Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística levada a campo em 1998. Em geral, observou-se que os indivíduos nos primeiros décimos da distribuição de renda têm pior acesso a seguro saúde, necessitam de maiores cuidados médicos, mas consomem menos os serviços de saúde. As outras características extra rendimento indicam que os principais determinantes para o consumo dos serviços de saúde estariam fortemente associados aos grupos sociais mais privilegiados (de maior escolaridade, acesso a seguro saúde, água, esgoto, luz, coleta de lixo e a fatores que apontam para capacidade de geração de oferta desses serviços no país.

  15. Preparation and luminescence properties of Ce3+ and Ce3+/Tb(3+)-activated Y4Si2O7N2 phosphors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xia, Zhiguo; Wu, Weiwei

    2013-09-28

    Ce(3+) and Ce(3+)/Tb(3+)-activated Y4Si2O7N2 phosphors are synthesized by the solid-state method, which can be efficiently excited by near ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diode (LED) chips. The PL spectrum of Y4Si2O7N2:Ce(3+) shows a broad hump between 380 and 650 nm, assigned to the electron transition from the 4f energy level to different 5d sub levels of the Ce(3+) ions at different Y(3+) sites. The color of the Y4Si2O7N2:Ce(3+) phosphor can shift from blue to green by introducing Tb(3+). In addition, the energy transfer process from Ce(3+) to Tb(3+) in the Y4Si2O7N2 host was investigated and discussed in terms of both the luminescence spectra and decay curves. The energy transfer critical distance has been calculated and evaluated by the concentration quenching method. Therefore, the Ce(3+) and Ce(3+)/Tb(3+)-activated Y4Si2O7N2 phosphors can serve as key materials for phosphor-converted white-light UV-LEDs.

  16. Ethanol Sensor of CdO/Al2O3/CeO2 Obtained from Ce-DOPED Layered Double Hydroxides with High Response and Selectivity

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xu, Dongmei; Guan, Meiyu; Xu, Qinghong; Guo, Ying; Wang, Yao

    2013-04-01

    In this paper, Ce-doped CdAl layered double hydroxide (LDH) was first synthesized and the derivative CdO/Al2O3/CeO2 composite oxide was prepared by calcining Ce-doped CdAl LDH. The structure, morphology and chemical state of the Ce doped CdAl LDH and CdO/Al2O3/CeO2 were also investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The gas sensing properties of CdO/Al2O3/CeO2 to ethanol were further studied and compared with CdO/Al2O3 prepared from CdAl LDH, CeO2 powder as well as the calcined Ce salt. It turns out that CdO/Al2O3/CeO2 sensor shows best performance in ethanol response. Besides, CdO/Al2O3/CeO2 possesses short response/recovery time (12/72 s) as well as remarkable selectivity in ethanol sensing, which means composite oxides prepared from LDH are very promising in gas sensing application.

  17. Modeling the Influence of Variable Tributary Inflow on Circulation and Contaminant Transport in a Water Supply Reservoir

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nguyen, L. H.; Wildman, R.

    2012-12-01

    This study characterizes quantitatively the flow and mixing regimes of a water supply reservoir, while also conducting numerical tracer experiments on different operation scenarios. We investigate the effects of weather events on water quality via storm water inflows. Our study site the Kensico Reservoir, New York, the penultimate reservoir of New York City's water supply, is never filtered and thus dependent on stringent watershed protection. This reservoir must meet federal drinking water standards under changing conditions such as increased suburban, commercial, and highway developments that are much higher than the rest of the watershed. Impacts from these sources on water quality are magnified by minor tributary flows subject to contaminants from development projects as other tributaries providing >99% of water to this reservoir are exceedingly clean due to management practices upstream. These threats, coupled with possible changes in the frequency/intensity of weather events due to climate change, increase the potential for contaminants to enter the reservoir and drinking water intakes. This situation provides us with the unique ability to study the effects of weather events on water quality via insignificant storm water inflows, without influence from the major tributaries due to their pristine water quality characteristics. The concentration of contaminants at the drinking water intake depends partially on transport from their point of entry in the reservoir. Thus, it is crucial to understand water circulation in this reservoir and to estimate residence times and water ages at different locations and under different hydrologic scenarios. We described water age, residence time, thermal structure, and flow dynamics of tributary plumes in Kensico Reservoir during a 22-year simulation period using a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model (CE-QUAL-W2). Our estimates of water age can reach a maximum of ~300 days in deep-reservoir-cells, with

  18. Luminescent and scintillation properties of the Ce3+ doped Y3−xLuxAl5O12:Ce single crystalline films

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zorenko, Yu.; Gorbenko, V.; Zorenko, T.; Popielarski, P.; Mosińska, L.; Fedorov, A.

    2016-01-01

    The work is related to the investigation of scintillation and luminescent properties of single crystalline films (SCF) of solid solutions of Ce 3+ doped Y 3−x Lu x Al 5 O 12 :Ce garnets with x value in the 0–3 range. We have shown a possibility of realization of high-energy shift of the Ce 3+ ion emission spectrum in these garnets up to 22 nm. We have also found that the light yield of the radioluminescence under α-particle excitation of LuAG:Ce SCF can exceed by 1.3 times the corresponding values for the YAG:Ce SCF counterpart. For investigation of the luminescent properties of Y 3−x Lu x Al 5 O 12 :Ce SCF at different x values the luminescent spectroscopy of these SCFs under excitation by synchrotron radiation in the VUV range was performed. - Highlights: • Single crystalline films of Y 3−x Lu x Al 5 O 12 garnets at x=0–3.0 were grown by LPE method onto YAG substrates. • Lattice constant of Y 3−x Lu x Al 5 O 12 :Ce film and the film/substrate misfit changed linearly with increasing of Lu content in the x=0–3.0 range. • High-energy shift of the Ce 3+ emission up to 22 nm in Y 3−x Lu x Al 5 O 12 film with increasing of Lu content in the x=0–3.0 range. • Light yield of Y 3−x Lu x Al 5 O 12 :Ce film decreases in the x=0–1.8 range and increases in the x=1.8–3.0 range. • Scintillation LY of Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce film can exceed by 1.3 times the LY for YAG:Ce film counterpart.

  19. Nas Trilhas (desconhecidas da saúde: a política pública de saúde para os homens no Brasil.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marlene Neves Strey

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Neste estudo abordamos as diferentes formas de masculinidades e sua relação com a saúde, contempladas na Política de Atenção Integral à saúde do Homem (PNAISH implementada no Brasil no ano de 2009. Através de uma análise documental dessa política, pretendemos compreender os discursos masculinos que nela estão, bem como analisar a relação entre o discurso da política e as diferentes formas de produção de saúde. Devido a não estarem acostumados a se expor a um profissional de saúde, os homens sentem-se envergonhados, e além disso, atribuem sua baixa procura aos serviços de saúde, à falta de cuidados e escuta adequadas com um olhar de gênero que possa dar conta de suas demandas. Essa nova política de saúde para os homens criada no Brasil pretende atuar de maneira a atingir uma mudança cultural, que possibilite aos homens maior cuidado com sua saúde. Além disso, olhar para os modos de produção de masculinidades nos dias atuais e seus discursos sobre saúde é estar atento aos comportamentos que, devido à herança pautada nas diferenças entre os sexos, contribui para obstaculizar o acesso dos homens aos serviços de saúde.

  20. Multi-data reservoir history matching for enhanced reservoir forecasting and uncertainty quantification

    KAUST Repository

    Katterbauer, Klemens; Arango, Santiago; Sun, Shuyu; Hoteit, Ibrahim

    2015-01-01

    Reservoir simulations and history matching are critical for fine-tuning reservoir production strategies, improving understanding of the subsurface formation, and forecasting remaining reserves. Production data have long been incorporated

  1. Homogeneously dispersed CeO2 nanoparticles on exfoliated hexaniobate nanosheets

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marques, Thalles M. F.; Strayer, Megan E.; Ghosh, Anupama; Silva, Alexandre; Ferreira, Odair P.; Fujisawa, Kazunori; Alves da Cunha, Jose R.; Abreu, Guilherme J. P.; Terrones, Mauricio; Mallouk, Thomas E.; Viana, Bartolomeu C.

    2017-12-01

    Hexaniobate nanosheets derived from the parent compound K4Nb6O17 have been decorated with CeO2 nanoparticles by ion exchange with aqueous cerium (IV) solution. Very homogeneous CeO2 nanoparticle decoration of the hexaniobate sheets can be achieved by this method and the resulting composites may absorb visible light. HRTEM images show that ∼3.0 nm diameter CeO2 nanoparticles adhere to hexaniobate nanosheets that are exfoliated and then restacked prior to Ce deposition. The interfacial interaction between CeO2 nanoparticles and nanosheets would be due to an electrostatic attraction mechanism. Raman and XRD measurements have given strong evidence that CeO2 nanoparticles have fluorite structure. EDS, FTIR and XPS results suggest almost complete exchange of TBA+ and K+ by Ce4+. Cerium ion exchange on the acid exchanged parent compound, H2.9K1.1Nb6O17, revealed that the extent of Ce ion exchange is much greater in case of nanosheets, which may be rationalized by the larger surface area available after exfoliation. XPS measurements show that the ratio of Ce4+/Ce3+ is around 4.4, in agreement with the formation of fluorite structure (CeO2). Thus, these CeO2 nanoparticle/nanosheet composites may be useful for catalytic processes.

  2. Electro-regeneration of Ce(IV) in real spent Cr-etching solutions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen, Te-San; Huang, Kuo-Lin

    2013-01-01

    Highlights: • An electrochemical process is used to regenerate Ce(IV) in real (hazardous) spent TFT-LCD Cr-etching solutions. • The Ce(IV) yield on tested anodes was in order BDD > Pt > DSA. • A Neosepta CMX separator was better than Nafion ones to be used in the process. • The activation energy on Pt was 10.7 kJ/mol. • The obtained parameters are useful to design reactors for 100% Ce(IV) regeneration in real spent Cr-etching solutions. -- Abstract: This paper presents the electro-regeneration of Ce(IV) in real (hazardous) spent thin-film transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT-LCD) Cr-etching solutions. In addition to Ce(III) > Ce(IV) in diffusivity, a quasi-reversible behavior of Ce(III)/Ce(IV) was observed at both boron-doped diamond (BDD) and Pt disk electrodes. The Ce(IV) yield on Pt increased with increasing current density, and the best current efficiency (CE) was obtained at 2 A/2.25 cm 2 . The performance in terms of Ce(IV) yield and CE of tested anodes was in order BDD > Pt > dimensional stable anode (DSA). At 2 A/2.25 cm 2 on Pt and 40 °C for 90 min, the Ce(IV) yield, CE and apparent rate constant (k) for Ce(III) oxidation were 81.4%, 21.8% and 3.17 × 10 −4 s −1 , respectively. With the increase of temperature, the Ce(IV) yield, CE, and k increased (activation energy = 10.7 kJ/mol), but the specific electricity consumption decreased. The Neosepta CMX membrane was more suitable than Nafion-117 and Nafion-212 to be used as the separator of the Ce(IV) regeneration process. The obtained parameters are useful to design divided batch reactors for the Ce(IV) electro-regeneration in real spent Cr-etching solutions

  3. All-optical reservoir computing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Duport, François; Schneider, Bendix; Smerieri, Anteo; Haelterman, Marc; Massar, Serge

    2012-09-24

    Reservoir Computing is a novel computing paradigm that uses a nonlinear recurrent dynamical system to carry out information processing. Recent electronic and optoelectronic Reservoir Computers based on an architecture with a single nonlinear node and a delay loop have shown performance on standardized tasks comparable to state-of-the-art digital implementations. Here we report an all-optical implementation of a Reservoir Computer, made of off-the-shelf components for optical telecommunications. It uses the saturation of a semiconductor optical amplifier as nonlinearity. The present work shows that, within the Reservoir Computing paradigm, all-optical computing with state-of-the-art performance is possible.

  4. Sedimentological and Geomorphological Effects of Reservoir Flushing: The Cachi Reservoir, Costa Rica, 1996

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Brandt, Anders; Swenning, Joar

    1999-01-01

    Physical geography, hydrology, geomorphology, sediment transport, erosion, sedimentation, dams, reservoirs......Physical geography, hydrology, geomorphology, sediment transport, erosion, sedimentation, dams, reservoirs...

  5. Loparite-(Ce) from the Khibiny Alkaline Pluton, Kola Peninsula, Russia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Konopleva, N. G.; Ivanyuk, G. Yu.; Pakhomovsky, Ya. A.; Yakovenchuk, V. N.; Mikhailova, Yu. A.

    2017-12-01

    Data on the occurrence, morphology, anatomy, composition, and formation conditions of loparite-(Ce) in the Khibiny alkaline pluton are given. Loparite-(Ce), (Na,Ce,Sr)(Ce,Th)(Ti,Nb)2O6, resulted from metasomatic alteration and assimilation of metamorphic host rocks at the contact with foyaite as well as foyaite on the contact with foidolite. This alteration was the highest in pegmatite, and albitite developed there. A decrease in temperature resulted in enrichment of the perovskite and tausonite endmembers in loparite-(Ce) owing to a decrease in the loparite and lueshite endmembers. La and Ce sharply predominate among rare earth elements in the composition of loparite-(Ce).

  6. Optimising reservoir operation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ngo, Long le

    Anvendelse af optimeringsteknik til drift af reservoirer er blevet et væsentligt element i vandressource-planlægning og -forvaltning. Traditionelt har reservoirer været styret af heuristiske procedurer for udtag af vand, suppleret i en vis udstrækning af subjektive beslutninger. Udnyttelse af...... reservoirer involverer en lang række interessenter med meget forskellige formål (f.eks. kunstig vanding, vandkraft, vandforsyning mv.), og optimeringsteknik kan langt bedre lede frem til afbalancerede løsninger af de ofte modstridende interesser. Afhandlingen foreslår en række tiltag, hvormed traditionelle...

  7. Phenotypic plasticity in fish life-history traits in two neotropical reservoirs: Petit-Saut Reservoir in French Guiana and Brokopondo Reservoir in Suriname

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bernard de Mérona

    Full Text Available Fish species are known for their large phenotypic plasticity in life-history traits in relation to environmental characteristics. Plasticity allows species to increase their fitness in a given environment. Here we examined the life-history response of fish species after an abrupt change in their environment caused by the damming of rivers. Two reservoirs of different age, both situated on the Guiana Shield, were investigated: the young Petit-Saut Reservoir in French Guiana (14 years and the much older Brokopondo Reservoir in Suriname (44 years. Six life-history traits in 14 fish species were studied and compared to their value in the Sinnamary River prior to the completion of Petit-Saut Reservoir. The traits analyzed were maximum length, absolute and relative length at first maturation, proportion of mature oocytes in ripe gonad, batch fecundity and mean size of mature oocytes. The results revealed a general increase of reproductive effort. All species showed a decrease in maximum length. Compared to the values observed before the dam constructions, eight species had larger oocytes and three species showed an increased batch fecundity. These observed changes suggest a trend towards a pioneer strategy. The changes observed in Petit-Saut Reservoir also seemed to apply to the 30 years older Brokopondo Reservoir suggesting that these reservoirs remain in a state of immaturity for a long time.

  8. Single-crystal FCC and DHCP phases in Ce/Pr superlattices

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lee, S.; Goff, J.P.; Ward, R.C.C.; Wells, M.R.; McIntyre, G.J.

    2002-01-01

    Cerium usually comprises a mixture of polycrystalline FCC and DHCP allotropes. Single-crystal Ce has been stabilised in Ce/Pr superlattices grown using molecular beam epitaxy. It is found that FCC or DHCP phases can be obtained depending on superlattice composition and growth conditions. Low-temperature neutron scattering was performed on Ce/Pr samples using the triple-axis spectrometer D10 at the ILL. Such measurements revealed one sample, [Ce 20 Pr 20 ] 60 , to be a single crystal with a DHCP unit cell; while another, [Ce 30 Pr 10 ] 56 , was a mixture of FCC and DHCP phases. Antiferromagnetic ordering of magnetic moments was observed in the DHCP sample (T N =11.1 K) with a magnetic structure similar to that found in bulk β-Ce. Surprisingly, the magnetic ordering was found to be confined to single Ce blocks. Furthermore, it was found that, at low temperatures, the lattice contraction observed for bulk FCC Ce was suppressed in Ce/Pr superlattices. (orig.)

  9. Transport of reservoir fines

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Yuan, Hao; Shapiro, Alexander; Stenby, Erling Halfdan

    Modeling transport of reservoir fines is of great importance for evaluating the damage of production wells and infectivity decline. The conventional methodology accounts for neither the formation heterogeneity around the wells nor the reservoir fines’ heterogeneity. We have developed an integral...... dispersion equation in modeling the transport and the deposition of reservoir fines. It successfully predicts the unsymmetrical concentration profiles and the hyperexponential deposition in experiments....

  10. Sediment management for reservoir

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rahman, A.

    2005-01-01

    All natural lakes and reservoirs whether on rivers, tributaries or off channel storages are doomed to be sited up. Pakistan has two major reservoirs of Tarbela and Managla and shallow lake created by Chashma Barrage. Tarbela and Mangla Lakes are losing their capacities ever since first impounding, Tarbela since 1974 and Mangla since 1967. Tarbela Reservoir receives average annual flow of about 62 MAF and sediment deposits of 0.11 MAF whereas Mangla gets about 23 MAF of average annual flows and is losing its storage at the rate of average 34,000 MAF annually. The loss of storage is a great concern and studies for Tarbela were carried out by TAMS and Wallingford to sustain its capacity whereas no study has been done for Mangla as yet except as part of study for Raised Mangla, which is only desk work. Delta of Tarbala reservoir has advanced to about 6.59 miles (Pivot Point) from power intakes. In case of liquefaction of delta by tremor as low as 0.12g peak ground acceleration the power tunnels I, 2 and 3 will be blocked. Minimum Pool of reservoir is being raised so as to check the advance of delta. Mangla delta will follow the trend of Tarbela. Tarbela has vast amount of data as reservoir is surveyed every year, whereas Mangla Reservoir survey was done at five-year interval, which has now been proposed .to be reduced to three-year interval. In addition suspended sediment sampling of inflow streams is being done by Surface Water Hydrology Project of WAPDA as also some bed load sampling. The problem of Chasma Reservoir has also been highlighted, as it is being indiscriminately being filled up and drawdown several times a year without regard to its reaction to this treatment. The Sediment Management of these reservoirs is essential and the paper discusses pros and cons of various alternatives. (author)

  11. Facile hydrothermal synthesis of CeO 2 nanopebbles

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanopebbles have been synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy analyses confirm the presence of CeO2 nanopebbles. XRD shows the formation of cubic fluorite CeO2 and the average particle size estimated from the ...

  12. Intellectual Property and Strategic Agreements (IP/SA) | FNLCR

    Science.gov (United States)

    What does IP/SA handle? IP/SA handles all invention issues including patents and copyrights. All employee inventionreports are filed through the IP/SA office for all activities under the OTS contract.Additionally,&nbs

  13. Análise das atividades de educação em saúde realizadas pelas equipes de saúde bucal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Janice Dávila Rodrigues Mendes

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Analisar as atividades de Educação em Saúde realizadas pelas equipes de saúde bucal que estão inseridas na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF. Métodos: A pesquisa classificou-se em exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. O referencial teórico de Educação em Saúde utilizado foi a Educação Popular. O estudo foi realizado em Centros de Saúde da Família, Centro de Referência em Assistência Social (CRAS e escolas no município de Sobral, Ceará, Brasil, entre os meses de novembro de 2013 e janeiro de 2014. Participaram do estudo 17 profissionais das equipes de saúde bucal. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista contendo questões norteadoras e observação simples, sendo processados por meio da Análise do Discurso. Resultados: A concepção de Educação em Saúde referida majoritariamente pelos profissionais relaciona-se com o modelo tradicional. As atividades educativas realizadas não são sistematizadas para todo o município e estão condicionadas a programas ministeriais. A integração entre as equipes de saúde bucal e as equipes de saúde da família, no que diz respeito às atividades para escolares, é um processo ainda em construção, não estando consolidado na ESF. Conclusão: É necessário o desenvolvimento de políticas mais intensivas de formação de profissionais de saúde, que considerem a Educação Popular e o uso de metodologias ativas de ensino como método nas suas formações. Este estudo poderá contribuir para uma reflexão a respeito do tema na prática, podendo, assim, possibilitar a construção de um novo olhar sobre a Educação em Saúde.

  14. CEF-scheme of a semimetal Ce3Sn7

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Okuda, Yusuke; Yamamoto, Takeshi; Honda, Daisuke; Shishido, Hiroaki; Galatanu, Andrei; Haga, Yoshinori; Matsuda, Tatsuma D.; Takeuchi, Tetsuya; Kindo, Koichi; Sugiyama, Kiyohiro; Settai, Rikio; O-bar nuki, Yoshichika

    2005-01-01

    We measured the magnetic susceptibility and magnetization of an antiferromagnet Ce 3 Sn 7 with the orthorhombic crystal structure. The experimental data are found to be well explained on the basis of the crystalline electric field (CEF) 4f-scheme under the assumption that two Ce atoms in the 2(a) site possess a magnetic moment of 0.36μ B /Ce and one Ce atom in the 4(i) site possesses no magnetic moment as in a valence fluctuating compound CeSn 3 , which was previously proposed by Bonnet et al. Furthermore, we carried out the de Haas-van Alphen experiment. The detected Fermi surfaces are many in number but are extremely small in volume, indicating that Ce 3 Sn 7 is a semimetal

  15. Iniquidades raciais e saúde: o ciclo da política de saúde da população negra

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luís Eduardo Batista

    Full Text Available Este artigo descreve o ciclo da Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde da População Negra na Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de São Paulo nos anos de 2003 a 2010. Os estudos epidemiológicos evidenciaram as desigualdades raciais e seu impacto na saúde. A solução encontrada pela SES-SP foi formular e implementar uma política para garantir a atenção à saúde da população negra, inserindo-a no Plano Estadual de Saúde, Planos Operativos Anuais, Termos de Compromisso e Relatório de Gestão. O artigo relata as estratégias, desafios e erros cometidos e sugere caminhos para os gestores que têm interesse em propor ações para redução das iniquidades raciais em saúde.

  16. Tunable colorimetric performance of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-YAG:Ce{sup 3+} eutectic crystal by Ce{sup 3+} concentration

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sai, Qinglin, E-mail: saiql@siom.ac.cn; Xia, Changtai, E-mail: xia_ct@siom.ac.cn

    2017-06-15

    Ce-doped Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-YAG eutectics with different percentage of Ce were successfully grown by the optical floating zone technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the structure. The results show that they have typical eutectic structure of interpenetrating sapphire and garnet phases with the tens of microns lamella spacing. The photoluminescence spectra of the eutectics showed that they have wide excitation band, and samples with 1.6 mol% Ce-doped has the highest emission intensity. The eutectic-packaged LED has high luminous efficiency and its color can be modulated by changing Ce concentration. The results reveal that Ce-doped Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-YAG eutectic is a promising phosphor for white LED applications.

  17. Advances in photonic reservoir computing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Van der Sande, Guy; Brunner, Daniel; Soriano, Miguel C.

    2017-05-01

    We review a novel paradigm that has emerged in analogue neuromorphic optical computing. The goal is to implement a reservoir computer in optics, where information is encoded in the intensity and phase of the optical field. Reservoir computing is a bio-inspired approach especially suited for processing time-dependent information. The reservoir's complex and high-dimensional transient response to the input signal is capable of universal computation. The reservoir does not need to be trained, which makes it very well suited for optics. As such, much of the promise of photonic reservoirs lies in their minimal hardware requirements, a tremendous advantage over other hardware-intensive neural network models. We review the two main approaches to optical reservoir computing: networks implemented with multiple discrete optical nodes and the continuous system of a single nonlinear device coupled to delayed feedback.

  18. CeO2-ZrO2 ceramic compounds

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Melo, F.C.L.; Cairo, C.A.C.; Devezas, T.C.; Nono, M.C.A.

    1988-01-01

    In order to study the mechanical properties of tetragonal polycrystal zirconia stabilized with ceria various powder compositions with different CeO 2 content were made. Modulus of rupture for those compounds was measured. Tetragonal retained phase was determined for samples of CeO 2 -ZrO 2 ceramics with and without superficial mechanical treatment. The experimental results allowed us to evaluate the effects of CeO 2 content and sintering temperature in the mechanical properties and tetragonal transformed phase (t→ m) in ceramics of CeO 2 -ZrO 2 systems. (author) [pt

  19. Sudden water pollution accidents and reservoir emergency operations: impact analysis at Danjiangkou Reservoir.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zheng, Hezhen; Lei, Xiaohui; Shang, Yizi; Duan, Yang; Kong, Lingzhong; Jiang, Yunzhong; Wang, Hao

    2018-03-01

    Danjiangkou Reservoir is the source reservoir of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (MRP). Any sudden water pollution accident in the reservoir would threaten the water supply of the MRP. We established a 3-D hydrodynamic and water quality model for the Danjiangkou Reservoir, and proposed scientific suggestions on the prevention and emergency management for sudden water pollution accidents based on simulated results. Simulations were performed on 20 hypothetical pollutant discharge locations and 3 assumed amounts, in order to model the effect of pollutant spreading under different reservoir operation types. The results showed that both the location and mass of pollution affected water quality; however, different reservoir operation types had little effect. Five joint regulation scenarios, which altered the hydrodynamic processes of water conveyance for the Danjiangkou and Taocha dams, were considered for controlling pollution dispersion. The results showed that the spread of a pollutant could be effectively controlled through the joint regulation of the two dams and that the collaborative operation of the Danjiangkou and Taocha dams is critical for ensuring the security of water quality along the MRP.

  20. Hydrochemical constraints between the karst Tabular Middle Atlas Causses and the Saïs basin (Morocco): implications of groundwater circulation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miche, Hélène; Saracco, Ginette; Mayer, Adriano; Qarqori, Khaoula; Rouai, Mohamed; Dekayir, Abdelilah; Chalikakis, Konstantinos; Emblanch, Christophe

    2018-02-01

    The karst Tabular Middle Atlas Causses reservoir is the main drinking-water supply of Fez-Meknes region (Saïs Basin) in Morocco. Recent analyses showed a decline in associated groundwater chemical quality and increased turbidity. To understand this hydrosystem, four surveys were undertaken during fall and spring, 2009-2011. Hydrogeochemical studies coupled with isotopic analyses (δ18O, δD and 222Rn) showed that the aquifers between the causses (mountains) and the Saïs Basin are of Liassic origin and at the southern extremities are of Triassic origin. Five recharge zones of different altitudes have been defined, including two main mixing zones in the south. Deuterium excess results suggest local recharge, while a plot of δ18O versus δD characterizes a confined aquifer in the eastern sector. 222Rn results reveal areas of rapid exchanges with an upwelling time of less than 2 weeks. A schematic conceptual model is presented to explain the groundwater circulation system and the behavior of this karst system.

  1. Measurement of Ce(IV) Concentration in Foam Decontaminant containing Fluorosurfactant

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jung, Chong Hun; Yang, H. B.; Yoon, I. H.; Choi, W. K.; Moon, J. K. [KAERI, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of); Lee, J. S. [Gachon University, Seongnam (Korea, Republic of)

    2016-05-15

    To improve the stability of the foam, surfactants and inorganic materials such as nanoparticles can be added. A nanoparticle-based foam decontaminant is composed of a surfactant and nanoparticles for the generation and maintenance of foam, and a chemical decontamination agent made of Ce(IV) dissolved in nitric acid. Ce(IV) will be reduced to Ce(III) through the decontamination process. Oxidizing the cerium (III) can be reused as a decontamination agent, Ce(IV). Oxidation treatment technology by ozone uses its strong oxidizing power. It can be regarded as an environmentally friendly process, because ozone cannot be stored and transported like other industrial gases (because it quickly decays into diatomic oxygen) and must therefore be produced on site, and used ozone can be decomposed immediately. A concentration analysis of Ce(IV) in foam decontaminant containing a surfactant is necessary prior to the derivation of optimal conditions for the regeneration of Ce(III) through ozonation treatment. A UV spectrometric method using the absorbance or potentiometric method with a potential difference in Ce(III)/Ce(IV), or a potentiometric titration method using Fe (II), can be used for a Ce(IV) concentration analysis. A UV spectrometric method has a problem receiving the influence of the surfactant, and a potentiometric method is difficult to use because of the problem of an insignificant change in the potential difference value of the Ce(III)/Ce(IV). Thus, the present study was undertaken to determine whether the potentiometric titration method can be used for an analysis of the Ce(IV) concentration in the nanoparticle-based foam decontaminant containing surfactant. It will be effectively used for the Ce(IV) concentration measurement, in relation to the subsequent research on the derivation of optimal conditions for the regeneration of Ce(III) through ozonation treatment.

  2. Toxicity of inhaled 144CeCl3 in beagle dogs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Muggenburg, B.A.; Hahn, F.F.; Boecker, B.B.; McClellan, R.O.; Pickrell, J.A.

    1980-01-01

    The metabolism, dosimetry and effects of inhaled 144 CeCl 3 in beagle dogs are being studied to assess the biological consequences of inhaling 144 Ce. Studies have shown that the 144 Ce deposited in the lung as 144 CeCl 3 is translocated at a moderately rapid rate to liver and skeleton and that significant radiation doses are accumulated by all three organs. Fifty-five dogs that inhaled 144 CeCl 3 and 17 control dogs are being observed for their life span. The 144 Ce-exposed dogs had long-term retained burdens that ranged from 2.6 to 360 μCi 144 Ce/kg body weight. Fifty-three of the dogs exposed to 144 CeCl 3 have died and twelve control dogs have died. Serial observations are continuing on the two surviving exposed dogs and five control dogs

  3. Quantification of Libby Reservoir Levels Needed to Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries, 1983-1987 Methods and Data Summary.

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chisholm, Ian

    1989-12-01

    Libby Reservoir was created under an International Columbia River Treaty between the United States and Canada for cooperative water development of the Columbia River Basin. The authorized purpose of the dam is to provide power, flood control, and navigation and other benefits. Research began in May 1983 to determine how operations of Libby dam impact the reservoir fishery and to suggest ways to lessen these impacts. This study is unique in that it was designed to accomplish its goal through detailed information gathering on every trophic level in the reservoir system and integration of this information into a quantitative computer model. The specific study objectives are to: quantify available reservoir habitat, determine abundance, growth and distribution of fish within the reservoir and potential recruitment of salmonids from Libby Reservoir tributaries within the United States, determine abundance and availability of food organisms for fish in the reservoir, quantify fish use of available food items, develop relationships between reservoir drawdown and reservoir habitat for fish and fish food organisms, and estimate impacts of reservoir operation on the reservoir fishery. 115 refs., 22 figs., 51 tabs.

  4. Intimidade e saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lígia Maria Moreira Ferreira de Almeida

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available A intimidade é antecedida de processos ativos, transversais ao ciclo de vida. O vínculo afetivo estabelece-se primariamente na relação de vinculação mãe-bebê, e os padrões comportamentais e estilos de vinculação tendem a repercutir-se nas relações adultas. O objetivo exploratório desta investigação pretende apurar a transcrição física (consequências na saúde de vivências insatisfatórias de intimidade. Sessenta universitários (30 do sexo feminino; 30 do sexo masculino, com idades entre 22 e 27 anos, envolvidos numa relação amorosa fixa (duração mínima: 6 meses foram contactados para responder a uma bateria de instrumentos (variáveis de interesse: intimidade, identidade, autoconceito e vinculação. Um bom estado de saúde parece associar-se a valores elevados de interdependência e baixos valores de dependência na relação amorosa. Nestes jovens a intimidade baseada na dependência compromete 14% da saúde mental. O impacto de uma intimidade pouco saudável limita em quase 9% a saúde física de jovens adultos saudáveis.

  5. Characteristics of volcanic reservoirs and distribution rules of effective reservoirs in the Changling fault depression, Songliao Basin

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pujun Wang

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available In the Songliao Basin, volcanic oil and gas reservoirs are important exploration domains. Based on drilling, logging, and 3D seismic (1495 km2 data, 546 sets of measured physical properties and gas testing productivity of 66 wells in the Changling fault depression, Songliao Basin, eruptive cycles and sub-lithofacies were distinguished after lithologic correction of the 19,384 m volcanic well intervals, so that a quantitative analysis was conducted on the relation between the eruptive cycles, lithologies and lithofacies and the distribution of effective reservoirs. After the relationship was established between lithologies, lithofacies & cycles and reservoir physical properties & oil and gas bearing situations, an analysis was conducted on the characteristics of volcanic reservoirs and the distribution rules of effective reservoirs. It is indicated that 10 eruptive cycles of 3 sections are totally developed in this area, and the effective reservoirs are mainly distributed at the top cycles of eruptive sequences, with those of the 1st and 3rd Members of Yingcheng Formation presenting the best reservoir properties. In this area, there are mainly 11 types of volcanic rocks, among which rhyolite, rhyolitic tuff, rhyolitic tuffo lava and rhyolitic volcanic breccia are the dominant lithologies of effective reservoirs. In the target area are mainly developed 4 volcanic lithofacies (11 sub-lithofacies, among which upper sub-lithofacies of effusive facies and thermal clastic sub-lithofacies of explosion lithofacies are predominant in effective reservoirs. There is an obvious corresponding relationship between the physical properties of volcanic reservoirs and the development degree of effective reservoirs. The distribution of effective reservoirs is controlled by reservoir physical properties, and the formation of effective reservoirs is influenced more by porosity than by permeability. It is concluded that deep volcanic gas exploration presents a good

  6. SA Rugby

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Kathryn van Boom

    (SA Rugby) Youth Week players: a pilot study. J Brown,1,2 ... management guidelines, to which all rugby-playing nations need to ... Consensus Statement for Concussion in Sport [1] and World. Rugby's ... Players with a “time-loss” injury (an ...

  7. Strategicheskiy analiz predpriyatiy Nestle S.A

    OpenAIRE

    Nazarova, Daria

    2017-01-01

    The subject of the research of the bachelor's thesis is the organization and the application of individual tools of strategic analysis. The object of the research is the Nestle SA enterprise in Russia. The aim of the work is to study the tools of strategic analysis of the enterprise Nestle SA in Russia to develop proposals for improving the strategy. "Nestle SA" is the world's largest concern for food production. The company was founded in distant 1866, by the Swiss pharmacist Henri-Henry Nes...

  8. Qualidade da atenção ao pré-natal na Estratégia Saúde da Família em Sobral, Ceará Calidad de la atención en el pre-natal en la Estrategia Salud de Familia en Sobral, CE, Brasil Quality of pre-natal care in Family Health Strategy in Sobral, CE, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Rosemiro Guimarães Ximenes Neto

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available Diante das políticas públicas que envolvem a qualidade da atenção ao pré-natal, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade da atenção ao pré-natal nos territórios da Estratégia Saúde da Família, do município de Sobral, à luz do referencial teórico de Avedis Donabedian. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter descritivo-exploratório, desenvolvido em Centros de Saúde da Família de Sobral, Ceará. Dos quatorze Centros de Saúde investigados, quatro se mostraram com indicadores adequados para o pré-natal. Porém, ainda que existam inadequações na estrutura física, não existem impedimentos para que se ofereça um atendimento de qualidade haja vista que o processo e os resultados também interferem na qualidade da assistência.Frente a las políticas públicas que impliquen la calidad de la atención a la salud prenatal, el estudio tiene como objetivo: evaluar la calidad de la atención prenatal a los territorios en la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia de la ciudad de Sobral, a la luz del referencial teórico de AVEDIS Donabedian. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio de carácter descriptivo, desarrollado por los Centros de Salud Familiar de Sobral - Ceará. De los catorce Centros de Salud investigaron, cuatro fueron con los indicadores apropiados para la atención prenatal. Pero a pesar de que hay deficiencias en la estructura física, no hay impedimentos a fin de proporcionar una calidad de la atención hay una opinión de que el proceso y los resultados también interferir con la calidad de la atención.Face to public policies involving the quality of care for prenatal, the study aims to: assess the quality of prenatal care to the territories in the Family Health Strategy of the city of Sobral in the light of theoretical reference of Avedis Donabedian. This is a descriptive- exploratory study, developed by Family Health Units of Sobral, CE, Brazil. Of the fourteen Centers Health investigated, four were with appropriate

  9. Reviving Abandoned Reservoirs with High-Pressure Air Injection: Application in a Fractured and Karsted Dolomite Reservoir

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Robert Loucks; Stephen C. Ruppel; Dembla Dhiraj; Julia Gale; Jon Holder; Jeff Kane; Jon Olson; John A. Jackson; Katherine G. Jackson

    2006-09-30

    Despite declining production rates, existing reservoirs in the United States contain vast volumes of remaining oil that is not being effectively recovered. This oil resource constitutes a huge target for the development and application of modern, cost-effective technologies for producing oil. Chief among the barriers to the recovery of this oil are the high costs of designing and implementing conventional advanced recovery technologies in these mature, in many cases pressure-depleted, reservoirs. An additional, increasingly significant barrier is the lack of vital technical expertise necessary for the application of these technologies. This lack of expertise is especially notable among the small operators and independents that operate many of these mature, yet oil-rich, reservoirs. We addressed these barriers to more effective oil recovery by developing, testing, applying, and documenting an innovative technology that can be used by even the smallest operator to significantly increase the flow of oil from mature U.S. reservoirs. The Bureau of Economic Geology and Goldrus Producing Company assembled a multidisciplinary team of geoscientists and engineers to evaluate the applicability of high-pressure air injection (HPAI) in revitalizing a nearly abandoned carbonate reservoir in the Permian Basin of West Texas. The Permian Basin, the largest oil-bearing basin in North America, contains more than 70 billion barrels of remaining oil in place and is an ideal venue to validate this technology. We have demonstrated the potential of HPAI for oil-recovery improvement in preliminary laboratory tests and a reservoir pilot project. To more completely test the technology, this project emphasized detailed characterization of reservoir properties, which were integrated to access the effectiveness and economics of HPAI. The characterization phase of the project utilized geoscientists and petroleum engineers from the Bureau of Economic Geology and the Department of Petroleum

  10. Physical, biochemical and genetic characterization of enterocin CE5-1 produced by Enterococcus faecium CE5-1 isolated from Thai indigenous chicken intestinal tract

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kraiyot Saelim

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Enterocin CE5-1 produced by Enterococcus faecium CE5-1 isolated from the chicken gastrointestinal tract was active in the wide range of pH 2-10 and temperature 30-100°C and sensitive to proteolytic enzymes and -amylase. It remained active after storage at -20°C for 2 months. Moreover, enterocin CE5-1 showed antibacterial activity against lactobacilli, bacilli, listeria, staphylococci and enterococci, especially antibiotic-resistant enterococci. In vitro study of enterocin CE5-1 decreased the population of Ent. faecalis VanB from 6.03 to 4.03 log CFU/ml. The lethal mode of action of enterocin CE5-1 appeared to be pore and filament formation in the cell wall. PCR sequencing analysis revealed the presence of two open reading frames (ORFs, containing enterocin CE5-1 (entCE5-1 and enterocin immunity (entI gene. Therefore, enterocin CE5-1 from Ent. faecium CE5-1 could possibly be used as an antimicrobial agent to control foodborne pathogen, spoilage bacteria and antibiotic-resistant enterococci in foods, feeds and the environments.

  11. Modeling Reservoir-River Networks in Support of Optimizing Seasonal-Scale Reservoir Operations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Villa, D. L.; Lowry, T. S.; Bier, A.; Barco, J.; Sun, A.

    2011-12-01

    HydroSCOPE (Hydropower Seasonal Concurrent Optimization of Power and the Environment) is a seasonal time-scale tool for scenario analysis and optimization of reservoir-river networks. Developed in MATLAB, HydroSCOPE is an object-oriented model that simulates basin-scale dynamics with an objective of optimizing reservoir operations to maximize revenue from power generation, reliability in the water supply, environmental performance, and flood control. HydroSCOPE is part of a larger toolset that is being developed through a Department of Energy multi-laboratory project. This project's goal is to provide conventional hydropower decision makers with better information to execute their day-ahead and seasonal operations and planning activities by integrating water balance and operational dynamics across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. This presentation details the modeling approach and functionality of HydroSCOPE. HydroSCOPE consists of a river-reservoir network model and an optimization routine. The river-reservoir network model simulates the heat and water balance of river-reservoir networks for time-scales up to one year. The optimization routine software, DAKOTA (Design Analysis Kit for Optimization and Terascale Applications - dakota.sandia.gov), is seamlessly linked to the network model and is used to optimize daily volumetric releases from the reservoirs to best meet a set of user-defined constraints, such as maximizing revenue while minimizing environmental violations. The network model uses 1-D approximations for both the reservoirs and river reaches and is able to account for surface and sediment heat exchange as well as ice dynamics for both models. The reservoir model also accounts for inflow, density, and withdrawal zone mixing, and diffusive heat exchange. Routing for the river reaches is accomplished using a modified Muskingum-Cunge approach that automatically calculates the internal timestep and sub-reach lengths to match the conditions of

  12. Itinerant f-electron behavior in Ce and U compounds

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Crabtree, G.W.

    1985-04-01

    The experimentally observed Fermi surface properties in URh 3 , UIr 3 , UGe 3 , CeSn 3 , CeB 6 , U 3 As 4 , U 3 P 4 , and CeSb are reviewed. For the compounds with no magnetic order, band structure models of the Fermi surface geometry are confirmed and f-ligand hybridization is found to be dominant. For CeB 6 , U 3 As 4 , and U 3 P 4 the experiments show that both local moments and f hybridization are important. In CeSb new data can be explained by a purely local model with no f-hybridization

  13. Cesium reservoir and interconnective components

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1994-03-01

    The program objective is to demonstrate the technology readiness of a TFE (thermionic fuel element) suitable for use as the basic element in a thermionic reactor with electric power output in the 0.5 to 5.0 MW range. A thermionic converter must be supplied with cesium vapor for two reasons. Cesium atoms adsorbed on the surface of the emitter cause a reduction of the emitter work function to permit high current densities without excessive heating of the emitter. The second purpose of the cesium vapor is to provide space-charge neutralization in the emitter-collector gap so that the high current densities may flow across the gap unattenuated. The function of the cesium reservoir is to provide a source of cesium atoms, and to provide a reserve in the event that cesium is lost from the plasma by any mechanism. This can be done with a liquid cesium metal reservoir in which case it is heated to the desired temperature with auxiliary heaters. In a TFE, however, it is desirable to have the reservoir passively heated by the nuclear fuel. In this case, the reservoir must operate at a temperature intermediate between the emitter and the collector, ruling out the use of liquid reservoirs. Integral reservoirs contained within the TFE will produce cesium vapor pressures in the desired range at typical electrode temperatures. The reservoir material that appears to be the best able to meet requirements is graphite. Cesium intercalates easily into graphite, and the cesium pressure is insensitive to loading for a given intercalation stage. The goals of the cesium reservoir test program were to verify the performance of Cs-graphite reservoirs in the temperature-pressure range of interest to TFE operation, and to test the operation of these reservoirs after exposure to a fast neutron fluence corresponding to seven year mission lifetime. In addition, other materials were evaluated for possible use in the integral reservoir

  14. Programa Saúde da Família: viabilizando a saúde pública universalizada no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fuhrmann, Nadia Lucia

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available O tema exposto neste artigo aborda a implantação do Programa Saúde da Família como estratégia de conversão do Sistema de Saúde no Brasil. No campo da saúde pública, o PSF configura-se, atualmente, na mais ampla política assistencial do setor. Está disseminado por todo o território nacional, tendo como meta principal reorganizar os serviços e ações em saúde ao nível da atenção primária. Elegemos três aspectos que nos parecem centrais para o entendimento do processo de implantação do PSF nos municípios brasileiros, a saber: a origem e os antecedentes do Programa, a implantação e o impacto desse Projeto no nível local e, finalmente, a especificidade da formação das equipes multiprofissionais que constituem as unidades de saúde. Buscamos, assim, socializar parte dos estudos que temos realizado sobre o PSF, desde 1997, no Núcleo de Pesquisas em Demandas e Políticas Sociais no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Serviço Social da PUCRS

  15. Structure and phase composition of Al-Ce-Cu system alloys in range of quasi-binary Al-Al8CeCu4 section

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Belov, N.A.; Khvan, A.V.

    2007-01-01

    The phase diagram of the Al-Cu-Ce system in the quasibinary section area of Al-Al 8 CeCu 4 has been investigated by metallographic, thermal, micro-X-ray spectral and X-ray structural analyses. The parameters of the eutectic reaction L→(Al)+CeCu 4 Al 8 : T=610 Deg C were found out; the composition was 14% Cu and 7% Ce. This eutectics is of a disperse structure and the ternary compound contained is capable of fragmentation and spheroidizing in the heating process (starting from 540 Deg C). It was demonstrated that the area of optimal (Al)+CeCu 4 Al 8 eutectics-based alloy compositions was within the narrow limits. That is related to the fact that at a comparatively little variation of the Cu:Ce=2 ratio solidus sharply decreases and, as a result, the crystallization interval considerably extends [ru

  16. Gasto privado com saúde por classes de renda

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    KILSZTAJN SAMUEL

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: O artigo analisa a participação do gasto privado com saúde das famílias no PIB e no total da renda familiar per capita e a distribuição do gasto privado com saúde das famílias por classes de renda. MÉTODOS: A pesquisa utilizou os microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios de 1998, com a divisão da população em quatro classes de renda familiar per capita e a distribuição dos gastos em planos de saúde, consultas médicas, consultas com outros profissionais de saúde, exames, medicamentos, artigos ortopédicos e aparelhos médicos, óculos e lentes, odontologia, hospitais, enfermagem domiciliar e outros gastos com saúde. RESULTADOS: Apenas 7,2% da população com renda familiar per capita até 1 salário mínimo em 1998 tinha direito a algum plano de saúde, e o gasto privado com saúde das famílias desta classe, que representava 52,5% da população, era em média de R$ 5,36 por pessoa. Para as pessoas com renda familiar per capita acima de 9 salários mínimos, os planos de saúde atingiam 83,2% da população e o gasto privado com saúde das famílias R$ 133,04. CONCLUSÕES: A implantação do Sistema Único de Saúde foi acompanhada pelo crescimento expressivo dos planos de saúde nos anos 90. Mesmo se todo o gasto público com saúde fosse destinado à população sem planos de saúde, ainda assim o gasto destas pessoas em 1998 só alcançaria R$ 352,62, ou seja, 43% do gasto com saúde das pessoas com planos, R$ 819,08.

  17. Cobertura de Planos de Saúde na população brasileira, segundo a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2013

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Deborah Carvalho Malta

    Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo do estudo é descrever as coberturas de planos de saúde no Brasil, conforme características sociodemográficas, a partir dos dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, realizada em 2013, e comparar com dados administrativos da Agencia Nacional de Saúde Suplementar para este mesmo ano. Foram utilizados dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde e do Sistema de Informações de Beneficiários da Agência Nacional de Saúde para o ano de 2013. Foi descrita a cobertura dos planos de saúde segundo estratificação para Brasil, urbano/rural, Grandes Regiões, Unidades da Federação e Capitais, sexo, faixa etária, nível de instrução, posição na força de trabalho, cor/raça e estado de saúde. Como resultado, a proporção de pessoas que referiu ter algum plano de saúde no Brasil foi de 27,9% (IC95%: 27,1-28,8. Foi observada diferença significativa com relação a nível de instrução, sendo maior para os que referiram ter educação superior completa (68,8% IC95%: 67,2-70,4 e para aqueles que referiram ter ocupação (32,5% IC95%: 31,5-33,5. O aumento da cobertura de planos de saúde na população brasileira reflete a melhora da oferta de empregos e do crescimento da economia do país na época.

  18. Microstructures and luminescent properties of Ce-doped transparent mica glass-ceramics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Taruta, Seiichi; Iwasaki, Yoshitomo; Nishikiori, Hiromasa; Yamakami, Tomohiko; Yamaguchi, Tomohiro; Kitajima, Kunio; Okada, Kiyoshi

    2012-01-01

    Highlights: ► Ce-doped transparent glass-ceramics and their parent glasses. ► TEM and STEM images for the microstructures. ► Each mica crystal did not contain Ce uniformly. ► Emission due to Ce 3+ ions in the glass phase and/or Ce 3+ ions in the mica crystals. - Abstract: Transparent mica glass-ceramics were prepared by heating parent glasses that had been doped with 0.5–15 mol% CeO 2 . During the melting and heat treatment, Ce 4+ ions in the specimens were reduced to Ce 3+ ions, and one or both of these ion species were then replaced with Li + ions in the interlayers of the separated mica crystals. However, scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) and Z-contrast imaging revealed that the mica crystals did not contain the same amount of Ce. On excitation at 254 nm, the parent glasses and glass-ceramics emitted blue light, which originated from the 5d to 4f transition of the Ce 3+ ions. The emission of the glass-ceramic containing a smaller amount of Ce was attributed to the Ce 3+ ions in both the glass phase and the mica crystals, whereas that of the glass-ceramics containing a larger amount of Ce was caused mainly by Ce 3+ ions in the mica crystals. The dependence of the emission band of the parent glasses on the amount of Ce was a unique feature of the Ce-doped transparent mica glass-ceramics and was not observed in previous studies of Eu-doped parent glasses and mica glass-ceramics.

  19. Homossexualidade e o direito à saúde: um desafio para as políticas públicas de saúde no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Grayce Alencar Albuquerque

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se evidenciar a atuação das políticas públicas direcionadas à saúde da população homossexual brasileira. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada na Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO e na Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs, utilizando os Decs: políticas públicas, assistência integral à saúde e homossexualidade. A saúde LGBT é apontada como vulnerável mesmo após a publicação de importantes documentos que garantem o acesso e a inclusão do grupo na saúde. A fragilidade na efetivação das propostas preconizadas vão ao encontro ao atendimento discriminatório e heteronormativo prestado pelos profissionais de saúde.

  20. Metallic oxides supported in CeO{sub 2} and CeO{sub 2}-La{sub 2} O{sub 3} for low temperature shift reaction; Oxidos metalicos suportados em CeO{sub 2} e CeO{sub 2}-La{sub 2} O{sub 3} para reacao shift a baixa temperatura

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Maluf, Silvia Salua; Assaf, Elisabete Moreira [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Carlos, SP (Brazil). Inst. de Quimica]. E-mail: sil_maluf@iqsc.usp.br

    2008-07-01

    This work studied copper and zinc oxides supported in CeO{sub 2} and CeO{sub 2}/La{sub 2}O{sub 3}. The catalytic tests for low temperature shift reaction, carried out for samples, showed the Cu-Ce catalyst presents the highest value of CO conversion (50%) and after the Cu-Ce-La catalysts (30%). The other catalysts showed CO conversion in range of 15%. This behavior is related with surface area, and also with the amount of Cu in the surface of samples (author)

  1. Electron traps and scintillation mechanism in YAlO3:Ce and LuAlO3:Ce scintillators

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wojtowicz, A.J.; Glodo, J.; Drozdowski, W.; Przegietka, K.R.

    1998-01-01

    In this paper we present the results of thermoluminescence, isothermal decay and scintillation light yield measurements on two isostructural scintillator materials, YAlO 3 :Ce and LuAlO 3 :Ce. In addition to the variety of deep traps identified by thermoluminescence and isothermal decays, scintillation light yield experiments demonstrate the presence in both materials of a number of relatively shallow traps. While the deep traps may reduce the scintillation light yield, they do not influence the kinetics of the process. The shallow traps, on the other hand, by interfering with the process of radiative recombination of charge carriers via Ce 3+ ions, can strongly affect not only the yield of the scintillation process but its kinetics as well. The presence of shallow traps provides a consistent explanation for a number of poorly understood relationships between the two scintillator materials, including a higher room temperature scintillation light yield and longer scintillation decay time in YAlO 3 :Ce, and a longer scintillation rise time in LuAlO 3 :Ce. Theoretical analysis indicates that elimination of these traps would make the two materials nearly identical in scintillator performance. Although the specific identity of all traps remains elusive, the performance of both scintillator materials is now, in practical terms, fully understood. (Copyright (c) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. All rights reserved.)

  2. Intervenções em saúde pública e seu impacto nas desigualdades sociais em saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo resume a avaliação de três programas de saúde pública em relação à sua eficácia e impacto sobre as desigualdades sociais na saúde. Foram examinadas a fluoração da água de abastecimento público no contexto brasileiro, a provisão de terapêutica antirretroviral para pacientes com Aids e a vacinação de idosos contra a gripe na cidade de São Paulo. As três intervenções foram consideradas efetivas, na medida em que propiciaram uma redução na carga de doença na população. No entanto, elas tiveram resultados conflitantes quanto ao impacto sobre as desigualdades em saúde. Concluiu-se, por fim, que os programas de saúde pública devem ser implementados com um alcance imediata e efetivamente universal, direcionando recursos adicionais aos grupos com mais necessidades de saúde. Essa estratégia reduziria, ao mesmo tempo, o nível geral de doença na população e as desigualdades na experiência de doenças entre os estratos sociais.

  3. Improved characterization of reservoir behavior by integration of reservoir performances data and rock type distributions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Davies, D.K.; Vessell, R.K. [David K. Davies & Associates, Kingwood, TX (United States); Doublet, L.E. [Texas A& M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)] [and others

    1997-08-01

    An integrated geological/petrophysical and reservoir engineering study was performed for a large, mature waterflood project (>250 wells, {approximately}80% water cut) at the North Robertson (Clear Fork) Unit, Gaines County, Texas. The primary goal of the study was to develop an integrated reservoir description for {open_quotes}targeted{close_quotes} (economic) 10-acre (4-hectare) infill drilling and future recovery operations in a low permeability, carbonate (dolomite) reservoir. Integration of the results from geological/petrophysical studies and reservoir performance analyses provide a rapid and effective method for developing a comprehensive reservoir description. This reservoir description can be used for reservoir flow simulation, performance prediction, infill targeting, waterflood management, and for optimizing well developments (patterns, completions, and stimulations). The following analyses were performed as part of this study: (1) Geological/petrophysical analyses: (core and well log data) - {open_quotes}Rock typing{close_quotes} based on qualitative and quantitative visualization of pore-scale features. Reservoir layering based on {open_quotes}rock typing {close_quotes} and hydraulic flow units. Development of a {open_quotes}core-log{close_quotes} model to estimate permeability using porosity and other properties derived from well logs. The core-log model is based on {open_quotes}rock types.{close_quotes} (2) Engineering analyses: (production and injection history, well tests) Material balance decline type curve analyses to estimate total reservoir volume, formation flow characteristics (flow capacity, skin factor, and fracture half-length), and indications of well/boundary interference. Estimated ultimate recovery analyses to yield movable oil (or injectable water) volumes, as well as indications of well and boundary interference.

  4. Thermodynamic stability studies of Ce-Sb compounds with Fe

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xie, Yi; Zhang, Jinsuo; Benson, Michael T.; Mariani, Robert D.

    2018-02-01

    Lanthanide fission products can migrate to the fuel periphery and react with cladding, causing fuel-cladding chemical interaction (FCCI). Adding a fuel additive dopant, such as Sb, can bind lanthanide, such as Ce, into metallic compounds and thus prevent migration. The present study focuses on the thermodynamic stability of Ce-Sb compounds when in contact with the major cladding constituent Fe by conducting diffusion couple tests. Ce-Sb compounds have shown high thermodynamic stability as they did not react with Fe. When Fe-Sb compounds contacted with Ce, Sb was separated out of Fe-Sb compounds and formed the more stable Ce-Sb compounds.

  5. Resistance to {gamma} irradiation of LaBr{sub 3}:Ce and LaCl{sub 3}:Ce single crystals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Normand, S. [CEA-Recherche Technologique, DETECS/SSTM CE Saclay F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette Cedex (France)]. E-mail: stephane.normand@cea.fr; Iltis, A. [Saint-Gobain Crystals, 104 Route de Larchant, 77140 St Pierre les Nemours (France); Bernard, F. [Saint-Gobain Crystals, 104 Route de Larchant, 77140 St Pierre les Nemours (France); Domenech, T. [CEA-Recherche Technologique, DETECS/SSTM CE Saclay F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette Cedex (France); Delacour, P. [CEA-Recherche Technologique, DETECS/SSTM CE Saclay F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette Cedex (France)

    2007-03-11

    LaBr{sub 3}:Ce (Brillance 380) and LaCl{sub 3}:Ce (Brillance 350) both exhibit a very good energy resolution and energy linearity response. They are also more sensitive to {gamma}-rays than NaI(Tl) detectors, due to their higher density. The aim of this work is to determine the behaviour of those new single crystals in comparison with NaI(Tl) under severe {gamma}-ray irradiation. Therefore we have irradiated three 25 by 25 mm cylinder crystals encapsulated in air-tight aluminium housing with {sup 60}Co beam. Crystals were tested as stand-alone material not to test the impact of radiation to our photomultiplier tube (PMT). Only encapsulated crystals (alone, without PMTs) were irradiated during several periods to achieve the final 3.4 kGy integrated dose. Intermediate measurements of {sup 137}Cs spectrum were done in order to evaluate the impact of the dose on the studied crystal performances. The radiation hardness of LaBr{sub 3}:Ce and LaCl{sub 3}:Ce was then compared to NaI(Tl). We show in this paper that up to 3.4 kGy no permanent modification of the energy resolution nor colour change is observed for LaBr{sub 3}:Ce and LaCl{sub 3}:Ce crystals. The light output also seems quite stable. This is in stark contrast with the behaviour of NaI:Tl which exhibits continuously decreasing light output, colour change and worsening of energy resolution for doses above 5 Gy.

  6. Simulation of Reservoir Sediment Flushing of the Three Gorges Reservoir Using an Artificial Neural Network

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xueying Li

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Reservoir sedimentation and its effect on the environment are the most serious world-wide problems in water resources development and utilization today. As one of the largest water conservancy projects, the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR has been controversial since its demonstration period, and sedimentation is the major concern. Due to the complex physical mechanisms of water and sediment transport, this study adopts the Error Back Propagation Training Artificial Neural Network (BP-ANN to analyze the relationship between the sediment flushing efficiency of the TGR and its influencing factors. The factors are determined by the analysis on 1D unsteady flow and sediment mathematical model, mainly including reservoir inflow, incoming sediment concentration, reservoir water level, and reservoir release. Considering the distinguishing features of reservoir sediment delivery in different seasons, the monthly average data from 2003, when the TGR was put into operation, to 2011 are used to train, validate, and test the BP-ANN model. The results indicate that, although the sample space is quite limited, the whole sediment delivery process can be schematized by the established BP-ANN model, which can be used to help sediment flushing and thus decrease the reservoir sedimentation.

  7. La promotion des produits alimentaires nourrissants à base de millet ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Le millet possède des qualités nutritives supérieures et une plus grande résilience au climat, mais sa production et sa consommation demeurent faibles dans de nombreux pays de l'Asie du Sud, comme l'Inde. Ce projet relèvera ce défi grâce à une recherche visant la mise en valeur de la transformation du millet et des ...

  8. An Effective Reservoir Parameter for Seismic Characterization of Organic Shale Reservoir

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhao, Luanxiao; Qin, Xuan; Zhang, Jinqiang; Liu, Xiwu; Han, De-hua; Geng, Jianhua; Xiong, Yineng

    2017-12-01

    Sweet spots identification for unconventional shale reservoirs involves detection of organic-rich zones with abundant porosity. However, commonly used elastic attributes, such as P- and S-impedances, often show poor correlations with porosity and organic matter content separately and thus make the seismic characterization of sweet spots challenging. Based on an extensive analysis of worldwide laboratory database of core measurements, we find that P- and S-impedances exhibit much improved linear correlations with the sum of volume fraction of organic matter and porosity than the single parameter of organic matter volume fraction or porosity. Importantly, from the geological perspective, porosity in conjunction with organic matter content is also directly indicative of the total hydrocarbon content of shale resources plays. Consequently, we propose an effective reservoir parameter (ERP), the sum of volume fraction of organic matter and porosity, to bridge the gap between hydrocarbon accumulation and seismic measurements in organic shale reservoirs. ERP acts as the first-order factor in controlling the elastic properties as well as characterizing the hydrocarbon storage capacity of organic shale reservoirs. We also use rock physics modeling to demonstrate why there exists an improved linear correlation between elastic impedances and ERP. A case study in a shale gas reservoir illustrates that seismic-derived ERP can be effectively used to characterize the total gas content in place, which is also confirmed by the production well.

  9. Integrated Approach to Drilling Project in Unconventional Reservoir Using Reservoir Simulation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stopa, Jerzy; Wiśniowski, Rafał; Wojnarowski, Paweł; Janiga, Damian; Skrzypaszek, Krzysztof

    2018-03-01

    Accumulation and flow mechanisms in unconventional reservoir are different compared to conventional. This requires a special approach of field management with drilling and stimulation treatments as major factor for further production. Integrated approach of unconventional reservoir production optimization assumes coupling drilling project with full scale reservoir simulation for determine best well placement, well length, fracturing treatment design and mid-length distance between wells. Full scale reservoir simulation model emulate a part of polish shale - gas field. The aim of this paper is to establish influence of technical factor for gas production from shale gas field. Due to low reservoir permeability, stimulation treatment should be direct towards maximizing the hydraulic contact. On the basis of production scenarios, 15 stages hydraulic fracturing allows boost gas production over 1.5 times compared to 8 stages. Due to the possible interference of the wells, it is necessary to determine the distance between the horizontal parts of the wells trajectories. In order to determine the distance between the wells allowing to maximize recovery factor of resources in the stimulated zone, a numerical algorithm based on a dynamic model was developed and implemented. Numerical testing and comparative study show that the most favourable arrangement assumes a minimum allowable distance between the wells. This is related to the volume ratio of the drainage zone to the total volume of the stimulated zone.

  10. A Rapid and Efficient Methodology to Convert Fractured Reservoir Images Into a Dual-Porosity Model Méthodologie rapide et efficace pour convertir les images de réservoir fracturé en modèle à double porosité

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bourbiaux B.

    2006-12-01

    fractures. Cet article décrit une technique nouvelle et systématique pour calculer ces paramètres équivalents. Les résultats de sa mise en Suvre au moyen d'un logiciel spécifique démontrent sa validité et son efficacité pour l'étude de cas de champ. Un tenseur des perméabilités de fracture équivalentes est déduit de calculs d'écoulements stationnaires et monophasiques dans le réseau réel de fractures, ce dernier étant assimilé à un réseau 3D de résistances et soumis à des conditions aux limites spécifiques. Les dimensions du bloc équivalent dans chaque couche sont obtenues rapidement par identification d'une fonction géométrique représentative d'un déplacement capillaire. La méthodologie a été validée par comparaison avec des simulations à maillage fin réalisées au moyen d'un simulateur de réservoir conventionnel. Puis, une image complexe d'affleurements d'une formation de grès a été traitée à titre de démonstration. L'outil innovant associé à cette méthodologie donne la possibilité à l'ingénieur réservoir de construire un modèle à double porosité qui reproduit de façon plus fidèle le comportement hydraulique du milieu réel fracturé.

  11. Reservoir floodplains support distinct fish assemblages

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miranda, Leandro E.; Wigen, S. L.; Dagel, Jonah D.

    2014-01-01

    Reservoirs constructed on floodplain rivers are unique because the upper reaches of the impoundment may include extensive floodplain environments. Moreover, reservoirs that experience large periodic water level fluctuations as part of their operational objectives seasonally inundate and dewater floodplains in their upper reaches, partly mimicking natural inundations of river floodplains. In four flood control reservoirs in Mississippi, USA, we explored the dynamics of connectivity between reservoirs and adjacent floodplains and the characteristics of fish assemblages that develop in reservoir floodplains relative to those that develop in reservoir bays. Although fish species richness in floodplains and bays were similar, species composition differed. Floodplains emphasized fish species largely associated with backwater shallow environments, often resistant to harsh environmental conditions. Conversely, dominant species in bays represented mainly generalists that benefit from the continuous connectivity between the bay and the main reservoir. Floodplains in the study reservoirs provided desirable vegetated habitats at lower water level elevations, earlier in the year, and more frequently than in bays. Inundating dense vegetation in bays requires raising reservoir water levels above the levels required to reach floodplains. Therefore, aside from promoting distinct fish assemblages within reservoirs and helping promote diversity in regulated rivers, reservoir floodplains are valued because they can provide suitable vegetated habitats for fish species at elevations below the normal pool, precluding the need to annually flood upland vegetation that would inevitably be impaired by regular flooding. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

  12. A inserção da vigilância em saúde ambiental no sistema único de saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edenilo Baltazar Barreira Filho

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available A inserção das atividades de vigilância ambiental no SUS apresenta algumas características que se diferenciam das práticas de vigilância epidemiológica. Isto ocorre principalmente em decorrência de que muitos dados sobre a exposição aos fatores ambientais são obtidos fora do setor saúde e a adoção de ações que busquem controlar e/ou prevenir exigem, na grande maioria dos casos, uma compreensãoe articulação intra e intersetorial, pois o setor saúde não é capaz de, sozinho, dar respostas as questões de saúde ambiental.Nos últimos anos vem consolidando-se cada vez mais o campo da saúdeambiental, que compreende a área da saúde pública, afeita ao conhecimento científico, à formulação de políticas públicas e às correspondentes intervenções (ações relacionadas à interação entre a saúde humana e os fatores do meio ambiente natural e antrópico que a determinam, condicionam e influenciam, com vistas a melhorar a qualidade de vida do ser humano sob o ponto de vista dasustentabilidade(1.Conforme entendimento acordado no I Seminário da Política Nacional de Saúde Ambiental, realizado em outubro de 2005, e consolidado na primeira Conferência Nacional de Saúde Ambiental, realizada em dezembro de 2009, compreende-se como uma área de práticas intersetoriais e transdisciplinares voltadas aos reflexos, na saúde humana, das relações ecogeossociais do homem com o ambiente(1.Nesse sentido, o Ministério da Saúde vem implementando em todo o território nacional um Sistema de Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental (SINVISA, buscando o aprimoramento deste “modelo” de atuação e estabelecendo competências nas três esferas de gestão, com o objetivo de consolidar a prática da Saúde Ambiental dentro do SUS.A Instrução Normativa nº 1, de 7 de março de 2005, cria o SINVISA, estabelece a área de atuação, as competências para as três esferas de Gestão do SUS e define a Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental como sendo

  13. Morbidade referida e seus condicionantes em crianças de 5 a 9 anos em Sobral, CE, Brasil Reported morbidity and its conditionings in children 5 to 9 years old in Sobral, CE, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ivana Cristina de Holanda Cunha Barreto

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a morbidade referida em crianças de 5 a 9 anos e analisar seus possíveis condicionantes. METODOLOGIA: Corte de base populacional com amostra aleatória e representativa em crianças de 5 a 9 anos da zona urbana de Sobral - CE, Brasil. Entrevistas domiciliares com 3.276 crianças e exame clínico em 2.594. A morbidade referida foi classificada segundo a CID-10. O desfecho analisado foi morbidade referida nos últimos 15 dias, utilizando Stata 7.0. RESULTADOS: 43,9% das crianças apresentaram morbidade referida: Doenças do Aparelho Respiratório (DAR, 28,7%; doenças da pele, 3,4%; doenças infecciosas, 2,2%. Daquelas que adoeceram, 41,5% procuraram atendimento. Dessas, 77,4% em Unidades de Saúde Familiar. Apresentaram maiores chances de DAR as crianças com as seguintes características: residir no núcleo urbano principal do município, ter antecedente de desnutrição e frequentar escola, com um valor de ODDS Ratio, respectivamente de 1,48 (IC95%1,10-1,99, 1,30 (IC95%1,05-1,60 e 1,54 (IC95%1,02-2,32. DISCUSSÃO: Chamou a atenção a elevada prevalência de DAR em crianças do núcleo urbano principal, cerca de duas vezes maior que a observada em outros estudos de metodologia similar, levantando hipóteses de sobrerelato ou poluição ambiental. A maioria das crianças apresentou problemas de saúde de menor gravidade e teve acesso facilitado aos serviços de saúde, principalmente ao PSF. CONCLUSÕES: Serão necessários novos estudos para identificar possíveis causas da elevada prevalência de DAR em crianças do núcleo urbano principal do município. As ocasiões em que as crianças demandam os serviços de saúde da família por doenças de baixa gravidade podem ser aproveitadas para medidas de prevenção e promoção da saúde.INTRODUCTION: This study was based on a random sample of 3,276 children aged between 5 and 9 years from the urban region of Sobral - CE, Brazil. OBJECTIVE: The main goal was to describe

  14. Metal and trace element sediment assessment from Salto Grande reservoir, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, by instrumental neutron activation analysis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Soares, Walace A.A., E-mail: walace@usp.br [Setor de Analises Toxicologicas. CETESB, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Favaro, Deborah I.T., E-mail: defavaro@ipen.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Lab. de Analise por Ativacao com Neutrons

    2011-07-01

    The Salto Grande Reservoir is used for electric generation, irrigation, fish farming, recreation and water supply for the region's cities. The reservoir belongs to the city of Americana, located in on the eastern region of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. It belongs to the Piracicaba River Hydrographic Basin, the second most important economic and populated region and one of the most polluted areas in the State. This basin is located in a highly industrialized and agricultural region. Due to urban, industrial and agricultural activities as well as sewage wastes the water and sediments of this reservoir and surroundings are extremely contaminated, mainly by metals, according to CETESB (Environmental Control Agency of the Sao Paulo State). In order to obtain better information about its sediment contamination the present study reports results of the concentration of some major (Ca, Fe, K and Na), trace (As, Ba, Br, Co, Cr, Cs, Hf, Rb, Sb, Se, Ta, Th, U, Zn and rare earth (Ce, Eu, La, Lu, Nd, Sc, Sm, Tb and Yb)) elements in sediments and Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb concentration in sediments and water from the Salto Grande Reservoir. Multielementar analysis was carried out by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). Multielemental concentrations in the sediment samples were compared to NASC (North American Shale Composite) values. The concentration values for metals As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn were compared to the Canadian Council of Minister of the Environment (CCME) oriented values (TEL and PEL) and adopted by CETESB, (author)

  15. Metal and trace element sediment assessment from Salto Grande reservoir, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, by instrumental neutron activation analysis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Soares, Walace A.A.; Favaro, Deborah I.T.

    2011-01-01

    The Salto Grande Reservoir is used for electric generation, irrigation, fish farming, recreation and water supply for the region's cities. The reservoir belongs to the city of Americana, located in on the eastern region of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. It belongs to the Piracicaba River Hydrographic Basin, the second most important economic and populated region and one of the most polluted areas in the State. This basin is located in a highly industrialized and agricultural region. Due to urban, industrial and agricultural activities as well as sewage wastes the water and sediments of this reservoir and surroundings are extremely contaminated, mainly by metals, according to CETESB (Environmental Control Agency of the Sao Paulo State). In order to obtain better information about its sediment contamination the present study reports results of the concentration of some major (Ca, Fe, K and Na), trace (As, Ba, Br, Co, Cr, Cs, Hf, Rb, Sb, Se, Ta, Th, U, Zn and rare earth (Ce, Eu, La, Lu, Nd, Sc, Sm, Tb and Yb)) elements in sediments and Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb concentration in sediments and water from the Salto Grande Reservoir. Multielementar analysis was carried out by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). Multielemental concentrations in the sediment samples were compared to NASC (North American Shale Composite) values. The concentration values for metals As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn were compared to the Canadian Council of Minister of the Environment (CCME) oriented values (TEL and PEL) and adopted by CETESB, (author)

  16. A rationale for reservoir management economics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hickman, T.S.

    1995-01-01

    Significant economic benefits can be derived from the application f reservoir management. The key elements in economical reservoir management are the efficient use of available resources and optimization of reservoir exploitation through a multidisciplined approach. This paper describes various aspects of and approaches to reservoir management and provides case histories that support the findings

  17. Ni-CeO2 Cermets Synthesis by Solid State Sintering of Ni/CeO2 Multilayer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aleksandras ILJINAS

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Nickel and gadolinium doped cerium oxide (GDC cermet is intensively investigated for an application as an anode material for solid oxide fuel cells based on various electrolytes. The purpose of the present investigation is to analyze morphology, microstructure, and optical properties of deposited and annealed for one hour in the temperatures from 500 ºC to 900 ºC Ni/CeO2 multilayer thin films deposited by sputtering. The crystallographic structure of thin films was investigated by X-ray diffraction. The morphology of the film cross-section was investigated with scanning electron microscope. The elemental analysis of samples was investigated by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The fitting of the optical reflectance data was made using Abeles matrix method that is used for the design of interference coatings. The film cross-section of the post-annealed samples consisted of four layers. The first CeO2 layer (on Si had the same fine columnar structure with no features of Ni intermixing. The part of Ni (middle-layer after annealing was converted to NiO with grain size exceeding 100 nm. The CeO2 layer deposited on Ni was divided into two layers. Lower layer had small grains not exceeding 25 nm and consisting of NiO and CeO2 mixture. Upper layer consisted of CeO2 columns with approximate thickness of 50 nm. Ni sample annealed at 600 ºC was fully oxidized. The NiO thickness and refraction index were almost steady after annealing in various temperatures. The approximation of experimental reflectance data was successful only for the samples with one transparent homogeneous layer. The reflectance of the Ni/CeO2 samples annealed at intermediate temperatures could not be fitted using one-layer or three-layer model. That may show that a simplified model could not be implemented.  The real system has complicated distribution of refraction index. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.19.4.3073

  18. Percepção do processo saúde-doença: significados e valores da educação em saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Maria Chagas Sette Câmara

    Full Text Available A relevância sociológica do estudo das representações sociais do processo saúde-doença está no fato de que elas fundamentam práticas e atitudes dos seus atores, assim como as relações que eles estabelecem com o seu contexto social e com aquilo que lhes acontece. O problema dessa pesquisa consiste em conhecer as representações sociais do processo saúde-doença dos profissionais do PSF, considerando que esse conhecimento pode ser fundamental para o desenvolvimento de práticas educativas em saúde. A abordagem metodológica desta pesquisa foi qualitativa, tendo por base as representações sociais dos profissionais de apoio e das equipes de saúde da família do Centro de Saúde Milionários, em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada entrevista individual semi-estruturada abordando os seguintes aspectos: processo saúde-doença; educação em saúde; e barreiras ou dificuldades para prescrição/adoção de hábitos saudáveis. Os dados foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo, a partir das categorias: dimensões do processo saúde-doença; barreiras ou dificuldades para adoção de hábitos saudáveis; e significados e valores da educação em saúde. Os dados apontam que há necessidade de modificações conceituais na formação permanente desses profissionais e da inclusão do enfoque coletivo, abordando o conceito ampliado de saúde com seus determinantes sociais e contextuais. Faz-se necessária também a busca de novas metodologias de educação em saúde, para que os profissionais do PSF possam ir além da informação e consigam a ressignificação dos conceitos do processo saúde-doença, podendo de fato estabelecer novas práticas e novos processos de trabalho em saúde.

  19. A pressure study of CePt{sub 3}B

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rauch, Daniela; Suellow, Stefan [Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Technology Braunschweig, Braunschweig (Germany); Hartwig, Steffen [Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Technology Braunschweig, Braunschweig (Germany); BENSC, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, Berlin (Germany); Hidaka, Hiroyuki; Yamazaki, Seigo; Amitsuka, Hiroshi [Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo (Japan); Bauer, Ernst [Institute of Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna (Austria)

    2013-07-01

    CePt{sub 3}B is isostructural to the non-centro symmetric heavy-fermion superconductor CePt{sub 3}Si. In contrast to the latter system, CePt{sub 3}B exhibits a complex magnetically ordered state at low temperatures, with an antiferromagnetic phase below T{sub N}=7.8 K and a weakly ferromagnetic transition below T{sub C}∼5 K. CePt{sub 3}B can be understand as a low pressure variant of CePt{sub 3}Si. Here we report a study of CePt{sub 3}B by means of high pressure magnetization measurements, this way in particular accessing the pressure evolution of the ferromagnetic transition temperature T{sub C}. From our investigation up to about 40 kbar we observe an almost constant transition temperature T{sub C} with pressure. This behavior we discuss in the context of alloying studies on this material.

  20. Correlated electronic structure of CeN

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Panda, S.K., E-mail: swarup.panda@physics.uu.se [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala (Sweden); Di Marco, I. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala (Sweden); Delin, A. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala (Sweden); KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Information and Communication Technology, Department of Materials and Nano Physics, Electrum 229, SE-164 40 Kista (Sweden); KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Swedish e-Science Research Center (SeRC), SE-100 44 Stockholm (Sweden); Eriksson, O., E-mail: olle.eriksson@physics.uu.se [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala (Sweden)

    2016-04-15

    Highlights: • The electronic structure of CeN is studied within the GGA+DMFT approach using SPTF and Hubbard I approximation. • 4f spectral functions from SPTF and Hubbard I are coupled to explain the various spectroscopic manifestations of CeN. • The calculated XPS and BIS spectra show good agreement with the corresponding experimental spectra. • The contribution of the various l-states and the importance of cross-sections for the photoemission process are analyzed. - Abstract: We have studied in detail the electronic structure of CeN including spin orbit coupling (SOC) and electron–electron interaction, within the dynamical mean-field theory combined with density-functional theory in generalized gradient approximation (GGA+DMFT). The effective impurity problem has been solved through the spin-polarized T-matrix fluctuation-exchange (SPTF) solver and the Hubbard I approximation (HIA). The calculated l-projected atomic partial densities of states and the converged potential were used to obtain the X-ray-photoemission-spectra (XPS) and Bremstrahlung Isochromat spectra (BIS). Following the spirit of Gunnarsson–Schonhammer model, we have coupled the SPTF and HIA 4f spectral functions to explain the various spectroscopic manifestations of CeN. Our computed spectra in such a coupled scheme explain the experimental data remarkably well, establishing the validity of our theoretical model in analyzing the electronic structure of CeN. The contribution of the various l-states in the total spectra and the importance of cross sections are also analyzed in detail.

  1. Timescales of mixing and storage for Keanakāko`i Tephra magmas (1500-1820 C.E.), Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai`i

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lynn, Kendra J.; Garcia, Michael O.; Shea, Thomas; Costa, Fidel; Swanson, Donald A.

    2017-09-01

    The last 2500 years of activity at Kīlauea Volcano (Hawai`i) have been characterized by centuries-long periods dominated by either effusive or explosive eruptions. The most recent period of explosive activity produced the Keanakāko`i Tephra (KT; ca. 1500-1820 C.E.) and occurred after the collapse of the summit caldera (1470-1510 C.E.). Previous studies suggest that KT magmas may have ascended rapidly to the surface, bypassing storage in crustal reservoirs. The storage conditions and rapid ascent hypothesis are tested here using chemical zoning in olivine crystals and thermodynamic modeling. Forsterite contents (Fo; [Mg/(Mg + Fe) × 100]) of olivine core and rim populations are used to identify melt components in Kīlauea's prehistoric (i.e., pre-1823) plumbing system. Primitive (≥Fo88) cores occur throughout the 300+ years of the KT period; they originated from mantle-derived magmas that were first mixed and stored in a deep crustal reservoir. Bimodal olivine populations (≥Fo88 and Fo83-84) record repeated mixing of primitive magmas and more differentiated reservoir components shallower in the system, producing a hybrid composition (Fo85-87). Phase equilibria modeling using MELTS shows that liquidus olivine is not stable at depths >17 km. Thus, calculated timescales likely record mixing and storage within the crust. Modeling of Fe-Mg and Ni zoning patterns (normal, reverse, complex) reveal that KT magmas were mixed and stored for a few weeks to several years before eruption, illustrating a more complex storage history than direct and rapid ascent from the mantle as previously inferred for KT magmas. Complexly zoned crystals also have smoothed compositional reversals in the outer 5-20 µm rims that are out of Fe-Mg equilibrium with surrounding glasses. Diffusion models suggest that these rims formed within a few hours to a few days, indicating that at least one additional, late-stage mixing event may have occurred shortly prior to eruption. Our study

  2. Luminescence and Tb3+-Ce3+-Eu3+ ion energy transfer in single-crystalline films of Tb3Al5O12:Ce,Eu garnet

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zorenko, Y.; Gorbenko, V.; Voznyak, T.; Batentschuk, M.; Osvet, A.; Winnacker, A.

    2008-01-01

    The paper is devoted to investigation of the processes of excitation energy transfer between the host cations (Tb 3+ ions) and the activators (Ce 3+ and Eu 3+ ions) in single-crystalline films of Tb 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce,Eu (TbAG:Ce,Eu) garnet which is considered as a promising luminescent material for the conversion of LED's radiation. The cascade process of excitation energy transfer is shown to be realized in TbAG:Ce,Eu: (i) from Tb 3+ ions to Ce 3+ and Eu 3+ ions; (ii) from Ce 3+ ions to Eu 3+ ions by means of dipole-dipole interaction and through Tb 3+ ion sublattice

  3. INCREASING WATERFLOOD RESERVES IN THE WILMINGTON OIL FIELD THROUGH IMPROVED RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Scott Walker; Chris Phillips; Roy Koerner; Don Clarke; Dan Moos; Kwasi Tagbor

    2002-02-28

    This project increased recoverable waterflood reserves in slope and basin reservoirs through improved reservoir characterization and reservoir management. The particular application of this project is in portions of Fault Blocks IV and V of the Wilmington Oil Field, in Long Beach, California, but the approach is widely applicable in slope and basin reservoirs. Transferring technology so that it can be applied in other sections of the Wilmington Field and by operators in other slope and basin reservoirs is a primary component of the project. This project used advanced reservoir characterization tools, including the pulsed acoustic cased-hole logging tool, geologic three-dimensional (3-D) modeling software, and commercially available reservoir management software to identify sands with remaining high oil saturation following waterflood. Production from the identified high oil saturated sands was stimulated by recompleting existing production and injection wells in these sands using conventional means as well as a short radius redrill candidate. Although these reservoirs have been waterflooded over 40 years, researchers have found areas of remaining oil saturation. Areas such as the top sand in the Upper Terminal Zone Fault Block V, the western fault slivers of Upper Terminal Zone Fault Block V, the bottom sands of the Tar Zone Fault Block V, and the eastern edge of Fault Block IV in both the Upper Terminal and Lower Terminal Zones all show significant remaining oil saturation. Each area of interest was uncovered emphasizing a different type of reservoir characterization technique or practice. This was not the original strategy but was necessitated by the different levels of progress in each of the project activities.

  4. Scintillation response of BaF2 and YAlO3:Ce (YAP:Ce) to energetic ions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Slunga, E.; Cederwall, B.; Ideguchi, E.; Kerek, A.; Klamra, W.; Marel, J. van der; Novak, D.; Norlin, L.-O.

    2001-01-01

    The scintillation response of BaF 2 and YAP:Ce to protons, α particles, 16 O and 28 Si ions in the 5-30 MeV range has been investigated. The ratio between the fast and slow parts of the scintillator signal for BaF 2 has been used to separate protons, α particles and heavier ions, and the dependence of this ratio on the particle energy has been studied. The time constants and intensities of the two components of the YAP:Ce signal were measured, as were the time constant and intensity of the weak component of the slow part of the BaF 2 signal. Furthermore, the dependence of the light yield on the particle energy has been investigated for both BaF 2 and YAP:Ce

  5. Contribuições do PET-Saúde/Redes de Atenção Psicossocial à Saúde da Família

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Larissa de Almeida Rézio

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available O estudo objetivou analisar as contribuições do Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde – PET-Saúde/Redes de Atenção Psicossocial à Saúde - a uma unidade de Estratégia de Saúde da Família em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando entrevista com cinco profissionais de saúde e dois acadêmicos bolsistas e registros de atividades realizadas no serviço. À luz da análise de conteúdo temática, sistematizamos quatro subtemas: “articulação da rede”; “qualificação da assistência à saúde mental”, “melhora do conhecimento dos profissionais” e “superação de estigmas sobre o paciente em sofrimento psíquico”. Houve sensibilização dos profissionais e bolsistas sobre a importância do acompanhamento das pessoas com sofrimento mental na atenção básica, em articulação com serviços de saúde mental.

  6. Exploration and reservoir characterization; Technology Target Areas; TTA2 - Exploration and reservoir characterisation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    2008-07-01

    In future, research within exploration and reservoir characterization will play an even more important role for Norway since resources are decreasing and new challenges like deep sea, harsh environment and last but not least environmental issues have to be considered. There are two major fields which have to be addressed within exploration and reservoir characterization: First, replacement of reserves by new discoveries and ultimate field recoveries in mature basins at the Norwegian Continental shelf, e.g. at the Halten Terrace has to be addressed. A wealth of data exists in the more mature areas. Interdisciplinary integration is a key feature of reservoir characterization, where available data and specialist knowledge need to be combined into a consistent reservoir description. A systematic approach for handling both uncertainties in data sources and uncertainties in basic models is needed. Fast simulation techniques are necessary to generate models spanning the event space, covering both underground based and model-based uncertainties. Second, exploration in frontier areas like the Barents Sea region and the deeper Voering Basin has to be addressed. The scarcity of wells in these frontier areas leads to uncertainties in the geological understanding. Basin- and depositional modelling are essential for predicting where source rocks and reservoir rocks are deposited, and if, when and which hydrocarbons are generated and trapped. Predictive models and improved process understanding is therefore crucial to meet these issues. Especially the challenges related to the salt deposits e.g. sub-salt/sub-basalt reservoir definitions in the Nordkapp Basin demands up-front research and technology developments. TTA2 stresses the need to focus on the development of new talents. We also see a strong need to push cooperation as far as possible in the present competitive environment. Projects that may require a substantial financial commitment have been identified. The following

  7. Determination of the differences in oxidation potentials for the Pr3+/Pr2+ and Ce3+/Ce2+ pairs in halide melts

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mikheev, N.B.; Auerman, L.N.; Rumer, I.A.; D'yachkova, R.A.

    1983-01-01

    Cocrystallization has been used with the (PrOCl)/sub s. ph/ - (PrCl 2 , PrCl 3 , SrCl 2 ) melt system to examine the dependence of the cerium(III) cocrystallization coefficient on the X/sub Pr 2+ /X/sub Pr 3+ / ratio in the melt. Measurement has been made in this way of the difference in oxidation potentials for the pairs Pr 3+ /Pr 2+ and Ce 3+ /Ce 2+ : ΔE/sub Pr 3+ /Pr 2+0 -E/sub Ce 3+ /Ce 2+ / 0 , which is 0.08 +/- 0.04 V for chloride

  8. Optical spectroscopy and luminescence quenching of LuI3:Ce3+

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Birowosuto, M.D.; Dorenbos, P.; Haas, J.T.M. de; Eijk, C.W.E. van; Kraemer, K.W.; Guedel, H.U.

    2006-01-01

    Optical spectroscopy of LuI 3 doped with Ce 3+ using ultraviolet and visible light excitation is reported. LuI 3 host excitation and emission and 4f-5d excitation and emission of Ce 3+ are observed. An empirical model based on crystal field splitting was used to estimate the energy of the highest 4f-5d excitation band. The crystal field splitting and centroid shift were compared to those of LuCl 3 :Ce 3+ and LuBr 3 :Ce 3+ . Temperature dependence of X-ray excited luminescence spectra shows thermal quenching, whereas that of the decay curve of Ce 3+ emission excited at the lowest 5d band of Ce 3+ does not indicate the presence of quenching of Ce 3+ emission for temperature below 625K. The quenching in LuI 3 :Ce 3+ therefore occurs before the 5d Ce 3+ emission takes place

  9. Planejamento, gestão e ações à saúde do homem na estratégia de saúde da família

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leonardo Peixoto Pereira

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Analisar a situação do planejamento, da gestão e das ações de saúde diante da perspectiva de implantação da Política de Atenção à Saúde do Homem na Estratégia de Saúde da Família no município de Jequié. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo qualitativo. Entrevistaram-se gestores municipais dos serviços de saúde, profissionais de saúde da Estratégia de Saúde da Família e homens com 25 a 59 anos residentes nas áreas adscritas das unidades de saúde estudadas; realizou-se análise documental do Plano de Saúde e Relatórios de Gestão na Secretaria Municipal de Saúde e análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: Não há atividades assistenciais; de prevenção e promoção à saúde masculina desenvolvidas e os processos de implantação da atenção à saúde do homem encontram-se incipientes. Conclusão: É preciso ampliar o diálogo e reorganizar as estratégias de planejamento e gestão para compreender as reais necessidades masculina e articular com os atores envolvidos a implantação das ações de atenção à saúde do homem.

  10. Luminescence and scintillation properties of LuPO4-Ce nanoparticles

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vistovskyy, V.; Malyy, T.; Pushak, A.; Vas’kiv, A.; Shapoval, A.; Mitina, N.; Gektin, A.; Zaichenko, A.; Voloshinovskii, A.

    2014-01-01

    Study of the spectral-luminescence parameters of LuPO 4 -Ce nanoparticles upon the excitation by X-ray quanta and synchrotron radiation with photon energies of 4–25 eV was performed. Nanoparticles with mean size about a=35 nm and nanoparticles with size less than 12 nm reveal the different structures of cerium centers. Luminescence efficiency of LuPO 4 -Ce nanoparticles of a 4 -Ce nanoparticles studied using synchrotron and X-ray excitation. • Different structure of Ce 3+ -centers has been revealed for LuPO 4 -Ce nanoparticles. • Luminescence of LuPO 4 -Ce with size less than 12 nm is strongly quenched upon the X-ray excitation

  11. The highest spin discrete levels in 131,132Ce

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Paul, E S; Choy, P T W; Andreoiu, C; Boston, A J; Evans, A O; Fox, C; Gros, S; Nolan, P J; Rainovski, G; Sampson, J A; Scraggs, H C; Walker, A; Appelbe, D E; Joss, D T; Simpson, J; Gizon, J; Astier, A; Buforn, N; Prevost, A; Redon, N; Stezowski, O; Nyako, B M; Sohler, D; Timar, J; Zolnai, L; Bazzacco, D; Lunardi, S; Petrache, C M; Bednarczyk, P; Curien, D; Kintz, N; Ragnarsson, I

    2006-01-01

    The three superdeformed (SD) bands in 132 Ce and the two SD bands in 131 Ce have been extended to higher spin following experiments with the EUROBALL IV spectrometer. The two SD bands in 131 Ce have been linked together. However, despite the relatively high population intensity of the bands (up to 5% of the respective channel), it has not been possible to unambiguously link any of the five SD bands into the low-spin, normally deformed structures of 131,132 Ce

  12. Using Ce to modify inclusion in spring steel

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wang Q.

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The effect of rare earth metals addition on the Al2O3 inclusions in spring steel used in fastener of high speed railway was investigated by metallographic examination, SEM-EDS and composition analysis. To deform those harmful inclusions to improve material performance,the evolution process of Al2O3 inclusions was investigated through the surface and line scanning. Ce metal modifying Al2O3 is a stepwise reduction process based on a formation of ring shape Ce-riched band around the Al2O3 inclusions during reaction process. Through experiment and thermodynamic calculation, an evolvement rule about Al2O3 inclusions change after Ce addition is obtained, i.e. Al2O3→Ce2O3-Al2O3→Ce2O2S. Changing the inclusions from Al2O3 to rare earth inclusions could improve the resistance to pitting corrosion based on potentiodynamic anodic polarization test.

  13. Ergonomics SA

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Journal Homepage Image. Ergonomics SA (esa) provides a medium for publication of material relevant to occupational conditions and needs in Southern Africa at a time of change unparalleled in history. To this end the journal accepts articles in the following categories: research papers, review articles, conceptual theories, ...

  14. Room temperature ferromagnetism in Fe-doped CeO2 nanoparticles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maensiri, Santi; Phokha, Sumalin; Laokul, Paveena; Seraphin, Supapan

    2009-11-01

    RT ferromagnetism was observed in nanoparticles of Fe-doped CeO2 (i.e., Ce(0.97)Fe(0.03)O2) synthesized by a sol-gel method. The undoped and Fe-doped CeO2 were characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, TEM, and VSM. The undoped samples and Ce(0.97)Fe(0.03)O2 precursor exhibit a diamagnetic behavior. The 673 K-calcined Ce(0.97)Fe(0.03)O2 sample is paramagnetic whereas 773 and 873 K-calcined Ce(0.97)Fe(0.03)O2 samples are ferromagnetism having the magnetizations of 4.65 x 10(-3) emu/g and 6.20 x 10(-3) emu/g at 10 kOe, respectively. Our results indicate that the ferromagnetic property is intrinsic to the Fe-doped CeO2 system and is not a result of any secondary magnetic phase or cluster formation.

  15. Electrochemical characterization of Pt-CeO{sub 2}/C and Pt-Ce{sub x}Zr{sub 1-x}O{sub 2}/C catalysts for ethanol electro-oxidation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bai, Yuxia; Qiu, Xinping; Xi, Jingyu; Wang, Jianshe; Li, Jinfeng; Zhu, Wentao; Chen, Liquan [Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 (China); Wu, Jianjun [Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 (China); Department of Chemistry, Shijiazhuang College, Shijiazhuang 050801 (China)

    2007-04-24

    Pt-CeO{sub 2}/C and a series of Pt-Ce{sub x}Zr{sub 1-x}O{sub 2}/C catalyst powders with different Ce/Zr ratio were prepared and evaluated in terms of the electrochemical activity for ethanol electro-oxidation using cyclic voltammetry (CV), steady state polarization experiments and CO-stripping technique at room temperature. XRD results show that Ce{sub x}Zr{sub 1-x}O{sub 2} and Pt coexist in the Pt-Ce{sub x}Zr{sub 1-x}O{sub 2}/C catalyst and Ce{sub x}Zr{sub 1-x}O{sub 2} has no effect on the crystalline lattice of Pt. TEM results show that the Pt and Ce{sub x}Zr{sub 1-x}O{sub 2} particles dispersed uniformly over the surface of the carbon black. Cyclic voltammetry results show that the mass activity and specific activity of Pt-CeO{sub 2}/C for ethanol electro-oxidation is higher than that of Pt/C. The structure and Ce/Zr ratio of Pt-Ce{sub x}Zr{sub 1-x}O{sub 2}/C has effect on the catalytic activity of catalysts. CO-stripping voltammetry showed that the inclusion of CeO{sub 2} and Ce{sub x}Zr{sub 1-x}O{sub 2} favors the CO oxidation at lower potential. (author)

  16. Tetragonal Ce-based Ce-Sm(Fe, Co, Ti){sub 12} alloys for permanent magnets

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Martin-Cid, Andres; Salazar, Daniel [BCMaterials, Bizkaia Science and Tecnology Park, 48160 Derio (Spain); Gabay, Aleksandr M.; Hadjipanayis, George C. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716 (United States); Barandiaran, Jose Manuel [BCMaterials, Bizkaia Science and Tecnology Park, 48160 Derio (Spain); Department of Electricity and Electronics, University Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080 Bilbao (Spain)

    2016-12-15

    Abundance and relatively low cost of Ce provide a great incentive for its use in rare-earth permanent magnets. It has been recently reported that the tetragonal Ce(Fe,Co,Ti)12 compounds may exhibit application-worthy intrinsic magnetic properties. In this work the effect of the α-Fe phase formation due to the evaporation of Sm during alloy fabrication has been studied, as a previous step in the attempt to convert the intrinsic magnetic properties into functional properties of a permanent magnet. Ce{sub 0.5}Sm{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 9}Co{sub 2}Ti alloys based on the ThMn12-type crystal structure have been synthesized via melt-spinning with different Sm content. Coercive fields between 2.8 and 1.4 kOe have been found for α-Fe phase contents between 8 and 46% in volume, showing the influence of the α-Fe phase on the coercivity and exchange coupling between the hard and soft phase. (copyright 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

  17. Reservoir Characterization, Production Characteristics, and Research Needs for Fluvial/Alluvial Reservoirs in the United States

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cole, E.L.; Fowler, M.L.; Jackson, S.R.; Madden, M.P.; Raw-Schatzinger, V.; Salamy, S.P.; Sarathi, P.; Young, M.A.

    1999-04-28

    The Department of Energy's (DOE's) Oil Recovery Field Demonstration Program was initiated in 1992 to maximize the economically and environmentally sound recovery of oil from known domestic reservoirs and to preserve access to this resource. Cost-shared field demonstration projects are being initiated in geology defined reservoir classes which have been prioritized by their potential for incremental recovery and their risk of abandonment. This document defines the characteristics of the fifth geological reservoir class in the series, fluvial/alluvial reservoirs. The reservoirs of Class 5 include deposits of alluvial fans, braided streams, and meandering streams. Deposit morphologies vary as a complex function of climate and tectonics and are characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity to fluid flow as a result of extreme variations in water energy as the deposits formed.

  18. Simulation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs. State of the Art Simulation des réservoirs naturellement fracturés. État de l’art

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lemonnier P.

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Naturally fractured reservoirs contain a significant amount of the world oil reserves. The production of this type of reservoirs constitutes a challenge for reservoir engineers. Use of reservoir simulators can help reservoir engineers in the understanding of the main physical mechanisms and in the choice of the best recovery process and its optimization. Significant progress has been made since the first publications on the dual-porosity concept in the sixties. This paper and the preceding one (Part 1 present the current techniques of modeling used in industrial simulators. The optimal way to predict matrix-fracture transfers at the simulator cell scale has no definite answer and various methods are implemented in industrial simulators. This paper focuses on the modeling of physical mechanisms driving flows and interactions/ exchanges within and between fracture and matrix media for a better understanding of proposed flow formula and simulation methods. Typical features of fractured reservoir numerical simulations are also described with an overview of the implementation of geomechanics effects, an application of uncertainty assessment methodology to a fractured gas reservoir and finally a presentation of a history matching methodology for fractured reservoirs. Les réservoirs naturellement fracturés contiennent une partie significative des réserves en huile mondiales. La production de ce type de réservoirs constitue un défi pour les ingénieurs de réservoir. L’utilisation des simulateurs de réservoir peut aider l’ingénieur de réservoir à mieux comprendre les principaux mécanismes physiques, à choisir le procédé de récupération le mieux adapté et à l’optimiser. Des progrès sensibles ont été réalisés depuis les premières publications sur le concept double-milieu dans les années soixante. Cet article et le précédent (Partie 1 présentent les techniques actuelles de modélisation utilisées dans les simulateurs

  19. Reservoir architecture and tough gas reservoir potential of fluvial crevasse-splay deposits

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Van Toorenenburg, K.A.; Donselaar, M.E.; Weltje, G.J.

    2015-01-01

    Unconventional tough gas reservoirs in low-net-to-gross fluvial stratigraphic intervals may constitute a secondary source of fossil energy to prolong the gas supply in the future. To date, however, production from these thin-bedded, fine-grained reservoirs has been hampered by the economic risks

  20. Development of gas and gas condensate reservoirs

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    1995-12-01

    In the study of gas reservoir development, the first year topics are restricted on reservoir characterization. There are two types of reservoir characterization. One is the reservoir formation characterization and the other is the reservoir fluid characterization. For the reservoir formation characterization, calculation of conditional simulation was compared with that of unconditional simulation. The results of conditional simulation has higher confidence level than the unconditional simulation because conditional simulation considers the sample location as well as distance correlation. In the reservoir fluid characterization, phase behavior calculations revealed that the component grouping is more important than the increase of number of components. From the liquid volume fraction with pressure drop, the phase behavior of reservoir fluid can be estimated. The calculation results of fluid recombination, constant composition expansion, and constant volume depletion are matched very well with the experimental data. In swelling test of the reservoir fluid with lean gas, the accuracy of dew point pressure forecast depends on the component characterization. (author). 28 figs., 10 tabs.

  1. Advances in photonic reservoir computing

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Van der Sande Guy

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available We review a novel paradigm that has emerged in analogue neuromorphic optical computing. The goal is to implement a reservoir computer in optics, where information is encoded in the intensity and phase of the optical field. Reservoir computing is a bio-inspired approach especially suited for processing time-dependent information. The reservoir’s complex and high-dimensional transient response to the input signal is capable of universal computation. The reservoir does not need to be trained, which makes it very well suited for optics. As such, much of the promise of photonic reservoirs lies in their minimal hardware requirements, a tremendous advantage over other hardware-intensive neural network models. We review the two main approaches to optical reservoir computing: networks implemented with multiple discrete optical nodes and the continuous system of a single nonlinear device coupled to delayed feedback.

  2. Satellite line mapping in Eu3+–Ce3+ and Pr3+–Ce3+ codoped Y2SiO5

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Serrano, D.; Karlsson, J.; Zheng, L.; Dong, Y.; Ferrier, A.; Goldner, P.; Walther, A.; Rippe, L.; Kröll, S.

    2016-01-01

    In this work we perform a high-resolution spectroscopic investigation of Eu 3+ –Ce 3+ and Pr 3+ –Ce 3+ codoped Y 2 SiO 5 crystals. Satellite line spectra were recorded at low temperatures around the Eu 3+ : 7 F 0 → 5 D 0 and the Pr 3+ : 3 H 4 → 1 D 2 transitions. It is observed that the incorporation of Ce 3+ as a codopant notably changes the Eu 3+ and Pr 3+ satellite line patterns. Satellite lines measured in singly doped Eu 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 were found at the same spectral positions in Eu 3+ –Ce 3+ codoped crystals. These coincident lines were concluded to be due to pairs of Eu 3+ ions. Extra satellite lines appeared in the codoped crystals, which were assigned to Ce 3+ related structures such as Ce 3+ –Eu 3+ pairs. The analysis of the Pr 3+ satellite line spectra presents further challenges. Satellite lines associated to Pr 3+ pairs show weaker intensity, presumably due to the efficient quenching of the Pr 3+1 D 2 emission through cross-relaxation paths ( 1 D 2 → 1 G 4 ; 3 H 4 → 3 F 4 ). The investigation of the Eu 3+ and Pr 3+ satellite line patterns in Y 2 SiO 5 is particularly interesting for their exploitation in rare-earth based quantum computation schemes. - Highlights: • We recorded Eu and Pr satellite lines in Y 2 SiO 5 with and without Ce as a codopant. • The presence of Ce leads to the appearance of extra satellite lines in the spectra. • The satellite lines are associated to minor crystal sites such as ion pairs. • Less than 100 ion pairs were detected per satellite line. • The exploitation of the satellite line structure is proposed for quantum computing.

  3. Reservoir fisheries of Asia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Silva, S.S. De.

    1990-01-01

    At a workshop on reservoir fisheries research, papers were presented on the limnology of reservoirs, the changes that follow impoundment, fisheries management and modelling, and fish culture techniques. Separate abstracts have been prepared for three papers from this workshop

  4. Method for removing trace contaminants from multicurie amounts of 144Ce

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wagner, J.A.; Kanapilly, G.M.

    1976-01-01

    Removal of contaminants from stock solutions of 144 Ce(III) was required for large quantities of 144 Ce prior to incorporation into fused aluminosilicate particles for inhalation toxicology studies. Since available procedures for purification of 144 Ce could not be readily adapted to our laboratory conditions and requirements, a simple procedure was developed to purify 144 Ce in multicurie quantities of 144 Ce(III). This procedure consists of separation of 144 Ce from contaminants by precipitation and filtrations at different pH. Its simplicity and efficacy in providing a stock solution that would readily exchange into montmorillonite clay was demonstrated when it was used during the preparation of large amounts of 144 Ce in fused aluminosilicate particles

  5. Apoio social e saúde entre idosos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ramos Marília P.

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo trata da relação entre a saúde dos idosos e relacionamentos sociais, bem como na interpretação e entendimento desta problemática sob a luz de dois enfoques teóricos: um macro, centrado na Teoria da Integração Social de Emile Durkheim e outro micro, centrado na Teoria das Trocas, de Peter Blau, com ênfase na Teoria da Eqüidade. A integração social (freqüência de contatos pode ter efeitos negativos na saúde, mas isto tem de ser medido pela qualidade dos contatos. Algumas conclusões apresentadas indicam que as relações sociais têm um efeito na saúde, no sentido de que as pessoas, nas sociedades modernas, esperam a reciprocidade, e, quando isto não é possível, principalmente na fase do envelhecimento, as pessoas sentem-se dependentes, e isso pode afetar a saúde de diferentes maneiras. Por outro lado, quando as pessoas têm problemas de saúde, elas experienciam uma falta de relações sociais balanceadas devido à incapacidade para trocar em bases iguais. Sendo assim, conclui-se que a relação entre relações sociais e saúde na população idosa pode ser uma relação recíproca.

  6. Sonocatalytic degradation of diclofenac with FeCeOx particles in water.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chong, Shan; Zhang, Guangming; Wei, Zhongheng; Zhang, Nan; Huang, Ting; Liu, Yucan

    2017-01-01

    This paper studies the sonocatalytic degradation of diclofenac in water using FeCeO x -catalyzed ultrasound. The effects of pre-adsorption and gas addition were investigated. Nitrogen adsorption/desorption, SEM, XRD, Raman and XPS analyses of FeCeO x before and after sonication were characterized. The proposed mechanism was based on the microstructure changes of FeCeO x and reactive-species-scavenging performances. The results show that FeCeO x has excellent performance in catalyzing an ultrasonic system in water, and 80% of diclofenac was removed in 30min ([Diclofenac]=20mg/L, FeCeO x amount=0.5g/L, pH=6, ultrasonic density=3.0W/cm 3 , ultrasonic frequency=20kHz, temperature=298K). The Fe, Ce, and O elements remained highly dispersed in the structure of FeCeO x , and the solid solution structure of FeCeO x remained stable after the reaction. Ce (III) was gradually oxidized to Ce (IV) and Fe (III) was gradually reduced to Fe (II) after the reaction, which indicates that Fe and Ce ions with different valences coexisted in dynamic equilibrium. The amount of oxygen vacancies in FeCeO x significantly decreased after the reaction, which indicates that oxygen vacancy participated in the ultrasonic process. Singlet oxygen 1 O 2 was the primary reactive species in the degradation process, and the hydroxyl radicals OH and superoxide radical anion O 2 - also participated in the reaction. FeCeO x had excellent chemical stability with negligible leaching ions in the ultrasonic process. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  7. Core-level XPS studies of Ce and La intermetallic compounds and their implications for the 4f levels of Ce compounds

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Freiburg, C.; Fuggle, J.C.; Hillebrecht, F.U.; Zolnierek, Z.; Laesser, R.

    1983-01-01

    The 3d core hole X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) of approximately 30 intermetallic compounds of La and Ce are reported. Transitions to final states with approximately f 0 , f 1 and f 2 character are observed in some Ce compounds (f 0 and f 1 for La compounds). The results are discussed in terms of the current ideas of the influence of f-counts and f-levels hybridization on core level lineshapes. We cannot find an explanatoin of the observed spectra consisted with the ''promotial model'' where the 4f-count varies and 4f electron was thought to be entirely promoted to the Ce 5d6s valence bands in some compounds. There may be some small charge transfer from the f level, however. In conjunction with ideas on screening processes in XPS the observed lineshapes suggest coupling of the 4f electrons to other states is strongest in those compounds previously thought to have f 0 character. This coupling increases despite a large increase in the Ce-Ce distance when Ce is diluted with Ni or Pd. Thus it cannot be due to direct f-f interaction and must be attributed to coupling with the other valence electrons; possibly those centred on the partner sites. (orig./EZ) [de

  8. Inmunodiagnóstico de la infección chagásica por ELlSA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Myriam C. López

    1999-06-01

    Full Text Available La demostración del agente infeccioso es la regla de oro en las parasitosis, pero, esto no siempre es factible. Por ello, en la infección chagásica ce recurre a la detección de anticuerpos contra Trypanosoma cruzi siendo las pruebas serodiagnósticas de gran utilidad. El presente estudio estandarizó y evaluó la prueba inmunoenzimática Elisa para el inmunodiagnóstico de la infección chagásica. Se confrontaron 595 muestras de suero de pacientes provenientes de Guateque, Boyacá, zona endémica de la enfermedad de Chagas, con epimastigotes de Tcruzide la cepa colombiana IRHOICO/69/Guateque utilizando las pruebas inmunodiagnósticas de inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI, prueba de referencia, y el ensayo inmunoenzimático ELISA. El análisis de la validez de ésta se realizó mediante el cálculo del área bajo la curva del operador receptor (ROC como medida de la exactitud (validez. Las condiciones óptimas de la prueba ELlSA fueron: antígeno 0,75 pglml y dilución de la muestra 1:1.000. El ensayo del estudio según los puntos de corte 0,2, 0,3, 0,4 y 0,5 ofrece una sensibilidad de 0,99, 039, 0,98 y 0,93 y una especificidad de 0,94, 0,96, 0,98 y 0,98, respectivamente. El ELlSA del estudio se muestra como una prueba válida no sólo por la sensibilidad y especificidad sino porque el análisis del área bajo la curva ROC fue de 0,9952 que es muy cercano al ideal. La prueba de ELlSA es superior a la de IFI para la detección de anticuerpos contra 1 cruzi y podría ser utilizada en estudios seroepidemiológicos en zonas de alta y moderada prevalencia.

  9. The role of calcification for staging cystic echinococcosis (CE)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hosch, Waldemar; Kauffmann, Guenter W. [University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Radiology, Heidelberg (Germany); Stojkovic, Marija; Junghanss, Thomas [University Hospital of Heidelberg, Section of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg (Germany); Jaenisch, Thomas [University Hospital of Heidelberg, Section of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg (Germany); University Hospital of Heidelberg, Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Heidelberg (Germany)

    2007-10-15

    The prevalence of calcified cysts and the significance of calcification as a sign of cyst inactivity in cystic echinococcosis (CE) was evaluated. Seventy-eight patients (36 females, 42 males, mean age 40.8 {+-} 16.9 years) with CE, having a total of 137 abdominal cysts (116 hepatic, three splenic, one renal and 17 peritoneal cysts), were diagnosed and followed-up by ultrasound during and after albendazole treatment or as part of the watch-and-wait approach recording changes in the cyst wall and content. In 48 patients with 94 cysts, computed tomography (CT) imaging was additionally available and was correlated with ultrasound findings. Cyst wall calcification was classified into (1) ''sprinkled'', (2) ''eggshell-like'', and (3) ''circular''. Calcification of the cyst wall and/or cyst content was detected in 67 echinococcal cysts (48.9% of all cysts) in 39 patients (15 females, 24 males, mean age 40.8 {+-} 14.8 years). Of the total of 67 calcified cysts, only 23 were compatible with WHO type CE5, 18 with WHO type CE4. Judged by cyst content, the remaining 26 were of WHO type CE1, CE2 and CE3 (n = 1, n = 8, and n = 17, respectively). During a mean period of 34.3 months ({+-}21.3 months) the majority of cysts (n = 32) did not exhibit any change in cyst content and wall properties. Fourteen cysts showed signs of progressive involution, five cysts (all of WHO type CE3) of renewed activity defined by recurring fluid collection. In 16 cysts, no follow-up was available due to surgery or drop out. Calcification of the cyst is not restricted to the inactive WHO cyst types CE4 and CE5, but occurs in all stages and in up to 50% of cysts. The completeness and, most importantly, the stability of consolidation of cyst content over time predicts cyst inactivity more reliably. (orig.)

  10. DeSa News. No. 2, February 2006

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2006-02-01

    The international project on Evaluation and Demonstration of Safety during Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities (DeSa Project) was launched in November 2004 with the aim of developing a harmonized methodology for the safety assessment of decommissioning activities, providing recommendations on a systematic regulatory review procedure and applying the graded approach in the development and review of safety assessments for decommissioning. Significant work has been accomplished since the first project meeting (1-5 November 2004) in the following main areas: a. Development of a draft Safety Report on Safety Assessment Methodologies for Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities; b. Development of first draft documents on the Regulatory Review and Application of the Graded Approach to Safety Assessments for Decommissioning; c. Six nuclear facilities volunteered by Member States as candidates for the preparation of a selected number of test cases during Phase 2 of the DeSa Project; d. Presentation of the Project at three international events in Canada and USA; e. Promotion of the Project through the first DeSa newsletter and the Project website (http://wwwns.iaea.org/tech-areas/waste-safety/desa). The second DeSa Project meeting (17-21 October 2005) attracted forty-two experts from twenty-six countries with the aim to: - Review progress on the five DeSa Project working groups (WGs) [Assessment Framework and System Description, Hazard Analysis, Analysis of Results and Confidence Building, Regulatory Review and Graded Approach] activities; - Review the draft Safety Report on Safety Assessment Methodologies for Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities, as revised by the Coordinating Group of the DeSa Project in June 2005; - Review progress and further develop recommendations on the regulatory review of safety assessments for decommissioning and the application of a graded approach to be used during the development and review of such assessments; - Develop the DeSa work plan

  11. Comunicação entre usuários e trabalhadores de saúde em colegiados de Saúde da Família

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelen Palu Longhi

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Atualmente, têm sido observados problemas relativos à comunicação nos fóruns de participação social da saúde. O presente estudo tem o objetivo de analisar a comunicação entre usuários e trabalhadores de saúde, em colegiados da Saúde da Família. O referencial teórico utilizado foi a Teoria da Ação Comunicativa de Habermas. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa. Os dados coletados revelaram duas dimensões que se entrelaçavam: distanciamentos e aproximações entre usuários e trabalhadores de saúde. Quanto aos distanciamentos, destacaram-se a presença de relações assimétricas, de coerção e de manipulação por parte dos trabalhadores de saúde, processos que prejudicam a participação dos usuários. Por outro lado, estiveram presentes momentos de interação e lutas por direitos, abordados nas aproximações entre usuários e trabalhadores de saúde. Por fim, consideramos que a comunicação nos colegiados da Saúde da Família apresenta potencialidades e limites, sendo que estes devem ser problematizados, especialmente, por meio da educação permanente em saúde.

  12. Vigilância ambiental em saúde e sua implantação no Sistema Único de Saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Barcellos Christovam

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available A incorporação da vigilância ambiental no campo das políticas públicas de saúde é uma demanda relativamente recente no Brasil. Um dos principais desafios da vigilância ambiental em saúde é a definição do seu objeto e a especificidade de suas ações. O conceito ampliado de exposição, tratado não como um atributo da pessoa, mas do conjunto de relações complexas entre a sociedade e o ambiente, é central para a definição de indicadores e para a orientação da prática de vigilância ambiental. Entre as dificuldades encontradas para sua efetivação no Sistema Único de Saúde estão a necessidade de reestruturação das ações de vigilância em saúde e a formação de equipes multidisciplinares, com capacidade de diálogo com outros setores, além da construção de sistemas de informação capazes de auxiliar a análise de situações de saúde e a tomada de decisões. Nesse sentido, foi realizada uma revisão do objeto e conceitos da vigilância ambiental em saúde, bem como identificados os desafios para a sua implantação no Sistema Único de Saúde.

  13. Vigilância ambiental em saúde e sua implantação no Sistema Único de Saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christovam Barcellos

    2006-02-01

    Full Text Available A incorporação da vigilância ambiental no campo das políticas públicas de saúde é uma demanda relativamente recente no Brasil. Um dos principais desafios da vigilância ambiental em saúde é a definição do seu objeto e a especificidade de suas ações. O conceito ampliado de exposição, tratado não como um atributo da pessoa, mas do conjunto de relações complexas entre a sociedade e o ambiente, é central para a definição de indicadores e para a orientação da prática de vigilância ambiental. Entre as dificuldades encontradas para sua efetivação no Sistema Único de Saúde estão a necessidade de reestruturação das ações de vigilância em saúde e a formação de equipes multidisciplinares, com capacidade de diálogo com outros setores, além da construção de sistemas de informação capazes de auxiliar a análise de situações de saúde e a tomada de decisões. Nesse sentido, foi realizada uma revisão do objeto e conceitos da vigilância ambiental em saúde, bem como identificados os desafios para a sua implantação no Sistema Único de Saúde.

  14. Activity of the RA Reactor Physics group in 1980 - Definition of the Operation conditions for future safe and economical RA reactor operation with 80% enriched fuel; Prilog Ia - Rad sluzbe za fiziku reaktora RA u 1980. godini - Definisanje pogonskih uslova za dalji siguran i ekonomican rad reaktora RA sa 80% obogacenim gorivom

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Martinc, R [Institute of Nuclear Sciences Boris Kidric, Vinca, Beograd (Serbia and Montenegro)

    1980-12-15

    During 1980. the RA reactor was not in operation. That is why this period was devoted to definition of operating conditions for further reactor operation with 80% enriched fuel. The fuel elements which were in the core at the moment of shutdown in March 1979will not be used again (388 80% enriched fuel elements, and 511 2% enriched fuel elements). The reactor will be operated only with 80% enriched fuel, staring with initiat core configuration with 440 elements on the borders gradually changing to equi;librium core with 720 fuel elements. The analyses were concerned with safety issues of future operation. [Serbo-Croat] Reaktor RA tokom 1980 godine nije radio. Zbog toga je ovaj period iskoriscen za intenzivan rad na definisanju pogonskih uslova za dalji rad reaktora sa 80% obogacenim gorivom. Gorivo sa kojim je reaktor prestao da radi marta 1979. godine (388 gorivnih elemenata 80% obogacenoh i 511 elementa 2% obogaceno) nece biti vraceno u jezgro, vec ce reaktor raditi samo sa 80% obogacenim gorivom, pocev od konfiguracije sa 440 elemenata na periferiji do ravnotezne konfiguracije sa 720 elemenata. Sve nalize su se bavile sigurnosnim aspektima rada reaktora sa visokoobogacenim gorivom u jezgru.

  15. Health SA Gesondheid

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Journal Home > Vol 23, No 1 (2018) ... Health SA Gesondheid - Journal of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences is an open access, peer-reviewed ... improvement of health safety and service delivery; management and measurement of health ...

  16. CE-MS fingerprinting of Laurencia complex algae (Rhodophyta).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Machín-Sánchez, María; Asensio-Ramos, María; Hernández-Borges, Javier; Gil-Rodríguez, María Candelaria

    2014-03-01

    The use of CE-ESI-MS has been considered as a new chemical strategy for the possible discernment of genera and species of the Laurencia complex. After the selection of the CE-MS and the extraction conditions, a total of 28 specimens of the complex, including different species of four genera (Laurencia, Laurenciella, Palisada, and Osmundea) collected from five intertidal locations on the Island of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) were analyzed. CE-MS fingerprints revealed that CE-MS can be used as a useful tool for these studies in order to assess similarities and differences between them and that it constitutes an important starting point for further studies in the field. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  17. Conceitos, causas e repercussões da violência sexual contra a mulher na ótica de profissionais de saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana da Fonseca Bezerra

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Analisar os sentidos atribuídos por profissionais de saúde aos conceitos, causas e repercussões da violência sexual contra a mulher. Método: Estudo qualitativo realizado com 68 profissionais de saúde de nível superior integrantes de equipe multiprofissional de nove hospitais públicos do município de Fortaleza/CE, entre agosto e dezembro de 2013, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, a qual norteou a coleta de dados, sendo estes submetidos à análise temática dos núcleos de sentido que emergiram. Resultados: Entre os sentidos atribuídos ao conceito de violência sexual, destacam-se a violação dos direitos humanos e ênfase na perpetuação das questões de gênero; quanto às causas, sobressaiu o machismo, a existência de patologias do agressor e a reprodução da violência familiar – as repercussões atingem aspectos psicológicos, além da exposição a doenças e agressões físicas. Conclusão: O estudo possibilitou a análise dos sentidos atribuídos à violência sexual pela ótica dos profissionais de saúde investigados, que divergiram sobre a desigualdade de gênero e contexto social, cujas causas foram apontadas como sendo a cultura machista, a falta de informação das mulheres sobre os seus direitos e as questões sociais. Observou-se a dificuldade dos profissionais em trabalhar com o tema.

  18. An index of reservoir habitat impairment

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miranda, L.E.; Hunt, K.M.

    2011-01-01

    Fish habitat impairment resulting from natural and anthropogenic watershed and in-lake processes has in many cases reduced the ability of reservoirs to sustain native fish assemblages and fisheries quality. Rehabilitation of impaired reservoirs is hindered by the lack of a method suitable for scoring impairment status. To address this limitation, an index of reservoir habitat impairment (IRHI) was developed by merging 14 metrics descriptive of common impairment sources, with each metric scored from 0 (no impairment) to 5 (high impairment) by fisheries scientists with local knowledge. With a plausible range of 5 to 25, distribution of the IRHI scores ranged from 5 to 23 over 482 randomly selected reservoirs dispersed throughout the USA. The IRHI reflected five impairment factors including siltation, structural habitat, eutrophication, water regime, and aquatic plants. The factors were weakly related to key reservoir characteristics including reservoir area, depth, age, and usetype, suggesting that common reservoir descriptors are poor predictors of fish habitat impairment. The IRHI is rapid and inexpensive to calculate, provides an easily understood measure of the overall habitat impairment, allows comparison of reservoirs and therefore prioritization of restoration activities, and may be used to track restoration progress. The major limitation of the IRHI is its reliance on unstandardized professional judgment rather than standardized empirical measurements. ?? 2010 US Government.

  19. The equiatomic intermetallics REPtCd (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu) and magnetic properties of CeAuCd

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Johnscher, Michael; Niehaus, Oliver; Poettgen, Rainer [Muenster Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Tappe, Frank [Hochschule Hamm-Lippstadt, Hamm (Germany)

    2015-06-01

    The cadmium intermetallics REPtCd (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu) and CeAuCd were synthesized by induction-melting of the elements in sealed niobium ampoules followed by annealing in muffle furnaces. The samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction. The structures of CePtCd (ZrNiAl type, P anti 62m, a = 763.8(6), c = 409.1(4) pm, wR2 = 0.0195, 298 F{sup 2} values, 14 variables) and EuPtCd (TiNiSi type, Pnma, a = 741.3(2), b = 436.4(1), c = 858.0(4) pm, wR2 = 0.0385, 440 F{sup 2} values, 20 variables) were refined from single-crystal data. The REPtCd structures exhibit three-dimensional networks of corner- and edge-sharing Cd rate at Pt{sub 2/6}Pt{sub 2/3} and Cd rate at Pt{sub 4/4} tetrahedra, which leave cages for the rare earth atoms. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility data of CeAuCd reveal a paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic phase transition at T{sub N} = 3.7(5) K.

  20. The equiatomic intermetallics REPtCd (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu) and magnetic properties of CeAuCd

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Johnscher, Michael; Niehaus, Oliver; Poettgen, Rainer

    2015-01-01

    The cadmium intermetallics REPtCd (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu) and CeAuCd were synthesized by induction-melting of the elements in sealed niobium ampoules followed by annealing in muffle furnaces. The samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction. The structures of CePtCd (ZrNiAl type, P anti 62m, a = 763.8(6), c = 409.1(4) pm, wR2 = 0.0195, 298 F 2 values, 14 variables) and EuPtCd (TiNiSi type, Pnma, a = 741.3(2), b = 436.4(1), c = 858.0(4) pm, wR2 = 0.0385, 440 F 2 values, 20 variables) were refined from single-crystal data. The REPtCd structures exhibit three-dimensional networks of corner- and edge-sharing Cd rate at Pt 2/6 Pt 2/3 and Cd rate at Pt 4/4 tetrahedra, which leave cages for the rare earth atoms. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility data of CeAuCd reveal a paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic phase transition at T N = 3.7(5) K.

  1. 4. International reservoir characterization technical conference

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    1997-04-01

    This volume contains the Proceedings of the Fourth International Reservoir Characterization Technical Conference held March 2-4, 1997 in Houston, Texas. The theme for the conference was Advances in Reservoir Characterization for Effective Reservoir Management. On March 2, 1997, the DOE Class Workshop kicked off with tutorials by Dr. Steve Begg (BP Exploration) and Dr. Ganesh Thakur (Chevron). Tutorial presentations are not included in these Proceedings but may be available from the authors. The conference consisted of the following topics: data acquisition; reservoir modeling; scaling reservoir properties; and managing uncertainty. Selected papers have been processed separately for inclusion in the Energy Science and Technology database.

  2. Reservoir resistivity characterization incorporating flow dynamics

    KAUST Repository

    Arango, Santiago

    2016-04-07

    Systems and methods for reservoir resistivity characterization are provided, in various aspects, an integrated framework for the estimation of Archie\\'s parameters for a strongly heterogeneous reservoir utilizing the dynamics of the reservoir are provided. The framework can encompass a Bayesian estimation/inversion method for estimating the reservoir parameters, integrating production and time lapse formation conductivity data to achieve a better understanding of the subsurface rock conductivity properties and hence improve water saturation imaging.

  3. Reservoir resistivity characterization incorporating flow dynamics

    KAUST Repository

    Arango, Santiago; Sun, Shuyu; Hoteit, Ibrahim; Katterbauer, Klemens

    2016-01-01

    Systems and methods for reservoir resistivity characterization are provided, in various aspects, an integrated framework for the estimation of Archie's parameters for a strongly heterogeneous reservoir utilizing the dynamics of the reservoir are provided. The framework can encompass a Bayesian estimation/inversion method for estimating the reservoir parameters, integrating production and time lapse formation conductivity data to achieve a better understanding of the subsurface rock conductivity properties and hence improve water saturation imaging.

  4. Sr2CeO4: Electronic and structural properties

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rocha, Leonardo A.; Schiavon, Marco A.; Nascimento, Clebio S.; Guimarães, Luciana; Góes, Márcio S.; Pires, Ana M.; Paiva-Santos, Carlos O.

    2014-01-01

    Highlights: • Sr 2 CeO 4 it was obtained from the heat treatment of Ce 3+ -doped strontium oxalate. • Rietveld analysis made it possible to obtain information about crystalline structure. • Experimental band gap value was compared with theoretical obtained by Sparkle/PM7. • The materials obtained shows intense photoluminescence and scintillator properties. - Abstract: This work presents on the preparation and photoluminescent properties of Sr 2 CeO 4 obtained from the heat treatment of Ce(III)-doped strontium oxalate (10, 25 and 33 mol%). The oxalate precursors were heat treated at 1100 °C for 12 h. The structure of this photoluminescent material was evaluated by the Rietveld method. The route used in this work to prepare the materials showed to be viable when compared to other synthesis reported in the literature. The Sr 2 CeO 4 material showed a broad and intense band emission with a maximum around 485 nm. The quantitative phase analysis showed that the Sr 2 CeO 4 photoluminescent phase is the majority one compared to the impurity phases of SrCeO 3 and SrCO 3 . From all results it was possible to verify a complete elimination of the CeO 2 phase for the sample obtained from the heat treatment of oxalate precursor containing 33 mol% of cerium(III). The material showed excellent properties for possible candidate as scintillator materials, and in the improvement of efficiency of solar cells when excited in the UV–vis region. The CIE chromaticity diagram it is also reported in this work

  5. Diretrizes Curriculares na saúde e as mudanças nos modelos de saúde e de educação

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Otávio Fiúza Moreira

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Artigo produzido a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e de questões formuladas para uma conferência no módulo “Educação na Saúde II” do Mestrado Profissional da Rede Nordeste de Formação em Saúde da Família. O texto discute questões dos campos da saúde e da educação relacionadas à emergência de novos modelos de saúde e de formação; analisa também as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN de três cursos da área da saúde (Medicina, Enfermagem e Odontologia como expressão desses novos modelos para saúde e para a educação. Uma questão transversal ao artigo são as relações entre os campos da saúde e da educação. Para isto, lança‑se mão do conceito de campo, desenvolvido pelo sociólogo Pierre Bourdieu. Considera‑se, ainda, o desafio de transformar as DCN em currículos e programas, ferramentas ou dispositivos necessários para fazer a passagem do que está prescrito para os cenários de ensino e aprendizagem.

  6. Paragenetic evolution of reservoir facies, Middle Triassic Halfway Formation, PeeJay Field, northeastern British Columbia: controls on reservoir quality

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Caplan, M. L. [Alberta Univ., Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Edmonton, AB (Canada); Moslow, T. F. [Ulster Petroleum Ltd., Calgary, AB (Canada)

    1998-09-01

    Because of the obvious importance of reservoir quality to reservoir performance, diagenetic controls on reservoir quality of Middle Triassic reservoir facies are investigated by comparing two reservoir lithofacies. The implications of porosity structure on the efficiency of primary and secondary hydrocarbon recovery are also assessed. Halfway reservoir facies are composed of bioclastic grainstones (lithofacies G) and litharenites/sublitharenites (lithofacies H), both of which are interpreted as tidal inlet fills. Although paragenetic evolution was similar for the two reservoir facies, subtle differences in reservoir quality are discernible. These are controlled by sedimentary structures, porosity type, grain constituents, and degree of cementation. Reservoir quality in lithofacies G is a function of connectivity of the pore network. In lithofacies H, secondary granular porosity creates a more homogeneous interconnected pore system, wide pore throats and low aspect ratios. The high porosity and low permeability values of the bioclastic grainstones are suspected to cause inefficient flushing of hydrocarbons during waterflooding. However, it is suggested that recovery may be enhanced by induced hydraulic fracturing and acidization of lower permeability calcareous cemented zones. 52 refs., 15 figs.

  7. Preparation and characterization of Ce-doped HfO2 nanoparticles

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gálvez-Barboza, S.; González, L.A.; Puente-Urbina, B.A.; Saucedo-Salazar, E.M.; García-Cerda, L.A.

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • Ce-doped HfO 2 nanoparticles were prepared by a modified solgel method. • Ce-doped HfO 2 nanoparticles have a semispherical shape with sizes between 6 and 11.5 nm. • The samples doped with 10% in weight of Ce directly crystallized in a cubic structure. • A quick, straightforward and effective route for the preparation of Ce-doped nanoparticles. - Abstract: A modified solgel method to synthesize Ce-doped HfO 2 nanoparticles was carried out using a precursor material prepared with cerium nitrate, hafnium chloride, citric acid and ethylene glycol. The obtained precursor material was calcined at 500 and 700 °C for 2 h in air. The influence of the concentration of Ce and the calcination temperature was studied to observe the structural and morphological changes of the obtained materials. For the characterization, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman scattering (RS) were employed. The XRD patterns shown that the Ce-doped HfO 2 undergoes a structural transformation from monoclinic to cubic phase, which is significantly dependent on the Ce content and calcination temperature. TEM images have also confirmed the existence of semispherical nanoparticles with sizes between 6 and 11.5 nm

  8. Physical, biochemical and genetic characterization of enterocin CE5-1 produced by Enterococcus faecium CE5-1 isolated from Thai indigenous chicken intestinal tract

    OpenAIRE

    Kraiyot Saelim; Sireewan Kaewsuwan; Akio Tani; Suppasil Maneerat

    2015-01-01

    Enterocin CE5-1 produced by Enterococcus faecium CE5-1 isolated from the chicken gastrointestinal tract was active in the wide range of pH 2-10 and temperature 30-100°C and sensitive to proteolytic enzymes and -amylase. It remained active after storage at -20°C for 2 months. Moreover, enterocin CE5-1 showed antibacterial activity against lactobacilli, bacilli, listeria, staphylococci and enterococci, especially antibiotic-resistant enterococci. In vitro study of enterocin CE5-1 decr...

  9. The formation of intermetallic compounds during interdiffusion of Mg–Al/Mg–Ce diffusion couples

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dai, Jiahong; Jiang, Bin; Li, Xin; Yang, Qingshan; Dong, Hanwu; Xia, Xiangsheng; Pan, Fusheng

    2015-01-01

    Graphical abstract: Al–Ce intermetallic compounds (IMCs) formed in Mg–Al/Mg–Ce diffusion couples. During the whole diffusion process, Al was the dominant diffusing species, and it substituted for Mg atoms of the Mg–Ce substrate. Five Al–Ce IMCs of Al 4 Ce, Al 11 Ce 3 , Al 3 Ce, Al 2 Ce, and AlCe were formed via the reaction of Al and Ce. - Highlights: • Al–Ce IMCs formation in the Mg–Al/Mg–Ce diffusion couples was studied. • Formation of Al 4 Ce as the first phase was rationalized using the Gibbs free energy. • The activation energy for the growth of the diffusion reaction zones was 36.6 kJ/mol. - Abstract: The formation of Al–Ce intermetallic compounds (IMCs) during interdiffusion of Mg–Al/Mg–Ce diffusion couples prepared by solid–liquid contact method was investigated at 623 K, 648 K and 673 K for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively. During the whole diffusion process, Al was the dominant diffusing species, and it substituted for Mg of the Mg–Ce substrate. Five Al–Ce IMCs of Al 4 Ce, Al 11 Ce 3 , Al 3 Ce, Al 2 Ce and AlCe were formed via the reaction of Al and Ce. The formation of Al 4 Ce as the first kind of IMC was rationalized on the basis of an effective Gibbs free energy model. The activation energy for the growth of the total diffusion reaction layer was 36.6 kJ/mol

  10. Development of magnetic sensors for JT-60SA

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Takechi, M., E-mail: takechi.manabu@jaea.go.jp [Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193 (Japan); Matsunaga, G.; Sakurai, S.; Sasajima, T.; Yagyu, J.; Hoshi, R.; Kawamata, Y.; Kurihara, K. [Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193 (Japan); Nishikawa, T.; Ryo, T.; Kagamihara, S. [Okazaki Manufacturing Company, Kobe, Hyogo 651-0087 (Japan); Nakamura, K. [RIAM, Kyushu Univ., Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580,Japan (Japan)

    2015-10-15

    JT-60SA has been designed and is being constructed to demonstrate and develop steady-state high-beta operation. Resistive wall mode (RWM) control, error field correction, and edge-localized mode (ELM) control will be performed using in-vessel coils. For these controls, we have developed a biaxial magnetic sensor to determine 3D magnetic configuration of the plasma. Moreover, for obtaining basic information about JT-60SA plasma, magnetic sensors, in particular, one-turn loops, Rogowski coils, diamagnetic loops, and saddle coils have been developed. Because the length of the vacuum vessel in the poloidal direction of JT-60SA is 16 m and almost twice as long as that of JT-60U, the length of the Rogowski coil and the diamagnetic loop of JT-60SA are also twice as long as those on JT-60U. We have devised new types of sensors and a connector for the mineral-insulated cable because construction and installation of these sensors are much more difficult in JT-60SA. We will report the design and specification of the magnetic sensors for JT-60SA from the physics and engineering aspects.

  11. MimoSA: a system for minimotif annotation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kundeti Vamsi

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Minimotifs are short peptide sequences within one protein, which are recognized by other proteins or molecules. While there are now several minimotif databases, they are incomplete. There are reports of many minimotifs in the primary literature, which have yet to be annotated, while entirely novel minimotifs continue to be published on a weekly basis. Our recently proposed function and sequence syntax for minimotifs enables us to build a general tool that will facilitate structured annotation and management of minimotif data from the biomedical literature. Results We have built the MimoSA application for minimotif annotation. The application supports management of the Minimotif Miner database, literature tracking, and annotation of new minimotifs. MimoSA enables the visualization, organization, selection and editing functions of minimotifs and their attributes in the MnM database. For the literature components, Mimosa provides paper status tracking and scoring of papers for annotation through a freely available machine learning approach, which is based on word correlation. The paper scoring algorithm is also available as a separate program, TextMine. Form-driven annotation of minimotif attributes enables entry of new minimotifs into the MnM database. Several supporting features increase the efficiency of annotation. The layered architecture of MimoSA allows for extensibility by separating the functions of paper scoring, minimotif visualization, and database management. MimoSA is readily adaptable to other annotation efforts that manually curate literature into a MySQL database. Conclusions MimoSA is an extensible application that facilitates minimotif annotation and integrates with the Minimotif Miner database. We have built MimoSA as an application that integrates dynamic abstract scoring with a high performance relational model of minimotif syntax. MimoSA's TextMine, an efficient paper-scoring algorithm, can be used to

  12. Sensitivity Analysis of Methane Hydrate Reservoirs: Effects of Reservoir Parameters on Gas Productivity and Economics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Anderson, B. J.; Gaddipati, M.; Nyayapathi, L.

    2008-12-01

    This paper presents a parametric study on production rates of natural gas from gas hydrates by the method of depressurization, using CMG STARS. Seven factors/parameters were considered as perturbations from a base-case hydrate reservoir description based on Problem 7 of the International Methane Hydrate Reservoir Simulator Code Comparison Study led by the Department of Energy and the USGS. This reservoir is modeled after the inferred properties of the hydrate deposit at the Prudhoe Bay L-106 site. The included sensitivity variables were hydrate saturation, pressure (depth), temperature, bottom-hole pressure of the production well, free water saturation, intrinsic rock permeability, and porosity. A two-level (L=2) Plackett-Burman experimental design was used to study the relative effects of these factors. The measured variable was the discounted cumulative gas production. The discount rate chosen was 15%, resulting in the gas contribution to the net present value of a reservoir. Eight different designs were developed for conducting sensitivity analysis and the effects of the parameters on the real and discounted production rates will be discussed. The breakeven price in various cases and the dependence of the breakeven price on the production parameters is given in the paper. As expected, initial reservoir temperature has the strongest positive effect on the productivity of a hydrate deposit and the bottom-hole pressure in the production well has the strongest negative dependence. Also resulting in a positive correlation is the intrinsic permeability and the initial free water of the formation. Negative effects were found for initial hydrate saturation (at saturations greater than 50% of the pore space) and the reservoir porosity. These negative effects are related to the available sensible heat of the reservoir, with decreasing productivity due to decreasing available sensible heat. Finally, we conclude that for the base case reservoir, the break-even price (BEP

  13. Controle social do Sistema Único de Saúde: o que pensam os conselheiros municipais de saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vera Dib Zambon

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Desafios estão presentes para a consolidação da participação da comunidade e este estudo objetiva analisar o controle social na perspectiva dos conselheiros municipais de saúde. Trata-se de estudo de abordagem qualitativa utilizando entrevistas semiestruturadas. Identificou-se que alguns conselheiros não reconhecem a participação social como diretriz do Sistema Único de Saúde. Apesar do reconhecimento dos conselhos como espaços deliberativos, identificam-se dificuldades como a centralização das decisões na gestão, a valorização do saber técnico e a não realização de conferências de saúde. Há limitações no efetivo exercício do papel de conselheiro, dificuldade de interlocução com as bases de representação e de acesso a informações. Aponta-se a necessidade de articulação dos conselheiros e capacitações. Conclui-se pela necessidade de valorização dos espaços colegiados instituídos no Pacto pela Saúde, para fortalecimento do controle social, com destaque à educação permanente em saúde.

  14. Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation of the Zn–Fe–Ce system

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lu, Longfei; Wu, Changjun [Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Jiangsu 213164 (China); Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Jiangsu 213164 (China); Wang, Jianhua, E-mail: wangjh@cczu.edu.cn [Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Jiangsu 213164 (China); Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Jiangsu 213164 (China); Liu, Ya; Tu, Hao; Su, Xuping [Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Jiangsu 213164 (China); Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Jiangsu 213164 (China)

    2015-11-05

    The 450 °C and 600 °C isothermal sections of the Zn–Fe–Ce system were investigated using equilibrated alloys and diffusion couples. The samples were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer analysis and X-ray power diffraction. 15 and 13 three-phase regions were identified to exist at 450 °C and 600 °C, respectively. No ternary compound was found. Ce can not dissolve into all the Zn–Fe binary compounds and the solubilities of Fe in all the Zn–Ce binary phases were limited. All the Zn–Fe compounds can equilibrate with CeZn{sub 11} and all the Ce–Zn compounds (except CeZn) can equilibrate with α-Fe. Furthermore, thermodynamic extrapolation of the Zn–Fe–Ce system was carried out and showed good agreement well with detected phase relationships. - Highlights: • 450 °C and 600 °C sections of the Zn–Fe–Ce system were constructed. • No ternary compound exists. • Ce can not dissolve into all the Zn–Fe compounds. • All the Fe–Zn compounds can equilibrate with CeZn{sub 11}. • Thermodynamic extrapolation results agree with experimental data.

  15. Em busca de uma Teologia Pública da Saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alex Villas Boas

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available A proposta de uma teologia pública da saúde visa o diálogo entre antropologia teológica e antropologias médicas e da saúde de modo a ampliar a percepção da saúde, não somente como fato, mas como valor. Mesmo um Estado Laico, suas tradições religiosas possuem hermenêuticas de saúde, ao interpretar a doença e a morte com razões religiosas distintas, ora conflitantes, ora cooperativas com as ciências da saúde. Ampliar essas hermenêuticas religiosas compondo a sabedoria de vida presente nas expressões religiosas e o conhecimento científico da área de saúde visa uma cooperação para interesses de bem comum da sociedade civil, como é a questão da saúde. Para essa reflexão, a escola de Cós combina a sabedoria mítica asclepíade e a ciência jônia. Os mitos de saúde nomeados no juramento hipocrático pertencem à tradição da teologia poética grega e indica uma espécie de credo no qual a medicina hipocrática professa, no qual o médico além de profissional também possui fé na vida e exerce o ofício de sacerdote da esperança. Interessa ainda o modo como o a teologia da saúde grega foi recebida pela teologia cristã, e como ambas desconstruíram suas teodiceias. Nessa recepção há um caminho para pensar uma teologia pública da saúde. 

  16. Mechanochemical and combustion synthesis of CeB{sub 6}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Akguen, Baris [Roketsan Missiles Inc., Ankara (Turkey); Sevinc, Naci; Topkaya, Yavuz [Middle East Technical Univ., Ankara (Turkey). Dept. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineerung; Camurlu, H. Erdem [Akdeniz Univ., Antalya (Turkey). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering

    2013-04-15

    CeB{sub 6} powder was prepared via combustion synthesis (CS) and mechanochemical processing (MCP) methods starting from CeO{sub 2}, B{sub 2}O{sub 3} and Mg powder mixtures. In CS, reactant mixtures were ignited in a preheated pot furnace under argon atmosphere. Products contained CeB{sub 6}, MgO and Mg{sub 3}B{sub 2}O{sub 6}, as revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis. After leaching in 1 M HCl for 15h, MgO was removed but Mg{sub 3}B{sub 2}O{sub 6} could not be removed from the products. Ball milling of products in ethanol prior to leaching made the removal of Mg{sub 3}B{sub 2}O{sub 6} possible by leaching. Yield of CeB{sub 6} was 68.6% in CS. MCP was performed in a stainless steel vial with a planetary ball mill at 300 rpm for 30h. MCP products contained CeB{sub 6}, MgO and small amount of Fe. Leaching in 1 M HCl for 30min was sufficient to remove MgO. Yield of CeB{sub 6} was 84.4% in MCP. According to scanning electron microscopy examinations, particles of CeB6 prepared by CS and MCP had submicrometer size. Average particle sizes were determined as 290nm and 240nm, respectively.

  17. Static reservoir modeling of the Bahariya reservoirs for the oilfields development in South Umbarka area, Western Desert, Egypt

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abdel-Fattah, Mohamed I.; Metwalli, Farouk I.; Mesilhi, El Sayed I.

    2018-02-01

    3D static reservoir modeling of the Bahariya reservoirs using seismic and wells data can be a relevant part of an overall strategy for the oilfields development in South Umbarka area (Western Desert, Egypt). The seismic data is used to build the 3D grid, including fault sticks for the fault modeling, and horizon interpretations and surfaces for horizon modeling. The 3D grid is the digital representation of the structural geology of Bahariya Formation. When we got a reasonably accurate representation, we fill the 3D grid with facies and petrophysical properties to simulate it, to gain a more precise understanding of the reservoir properties behavior. Sequential Indicator Simulation (SIS) and Sequential Gaussian Simulation (SGS) techniques are the stochastic algorithms used to spatially distribute discrete reservoir properties (facies) and continuous reservoir properties (shale volume, porosity, and water saturation) respectively within the created 3D grid throughout property modeling. The structural model of Bahariya Formation exhibits the trapping mechanism which is a fault assisted anticlinal closure trending NW-SE. This major fault breaks the reservoirs into two major fault blocks (North Block and South Block). Petrophysical models classified Lower Bahariya reservoir as a moderate to good reservoir rather than Upper Bahariya reservoir in terms of facies, with good porosity and permeability, low water saturation, and moderate net to gross. The Original Oil In Place (OOIP) values of modeled Bahariya reservoirs show hydrocarbon accumulation in economic quantity, considering the high structural dips at the central part of South Umbarka area. The powerful of 3D static modeling technique has provided a considerable insight into the future prediction of Bahariya reservoirs performance and production behavior.

  18. Deriving Area-storage Curves of Global Reservoirs

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mu, M.; Tang, Q.

    2017-12-01

    Basic information including capacity, dam height, and largest water area on global reservoirs and dams is well documented in databases such as GRanD (Global Reservoirs and Dams), ICOLD (International Commission on Large Dams). However, though playing a critical role in estimating reservoir storage variations from remote sensing or hydrological models, area-storage (or elevation-storage) curves of reservoirs are not publicly shared. In this paper, we combine Landsat surface water extent, 1 arc-minute global relief model (ETOPO1) and GRanD database to derive area-storage curves of global reservoirs whose area is larger than 1 km2 (6,000 more reservoirs are included). First, the coverage polygon of each reservoir in GRanD is extended to where water was detected by Landsat during 1985-2015. Second, elevation of each pixel in the reservoir is extracted from resampled 30-meter ETOPO1, and then relative depth and frequency of each depth value is calculated. Third, cumulative storage is calculated with increasing water area by every one percent of reservoir coverage area and then the uncalibrated area-storage curve is obtained. Finally, the area-storage curve is linearly calibrated by the ratio of calculated capacity over reported capacity in GRanD. The derived curves are compared with in-situ reservoir data collected in Great Plains Region in US, and the results show that in-situ records are well captured by the derived curves even in relative small reservoirs (several square kilometers). The new derived area-storage curves have the potential to be employed in global monitoring or modelling of reservoirs storage and area variations.

  19. Economics of Developing Hot Stratigraphic Reservoirs

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Greg Mines; Hillary Hanson; Rick Allis; Joseph Moore

    2014-09-01

    Stratigraphic geothermal reservoirs at 3 – 4 km depth in high heat-flow basins are capable of sustaining 100 MW-scale power plants at about 10 c/kWh. This paper examines the impacts on the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of reservoir depth and temperature, reservoir productivity, and drillhole/casing options. For a reservoir at 3 km depth with a moderate productivity index by hydrothermal reservoir standards (about 50 L/s/MPa, 5.6 gpm/psi), an LCOE of 10c/kWh requires the reservoir to be at about 200°C. This is the upper temperature limit for pumps. The calculations assume standard hydrothermal drilling costs, with the production interval completed with a 7 inch liner in an 8.5 inch hole. If a reservoir at 4 km depth has excellent permeability characteristics with a productivity index of 100 L/s/MPa (11.3 gpm/psi), then the LCOE is about 11 c/kWh assuming the temperature decline rate with development is not excessive (< 1%/y, with first thermal breakthrough delayed by about 10 years). Completing wells with modest horizontal legs (e.g. several hundred meters) may be important for improving well productivity because of the naturally high, sub-horizontal permeability in this type of reservoir. Reducing the injector/producer well ratio may also be cost-effective if the injectors are drilled as larger holes.

  20. Estimating Western U.S. Reservoir Sedimentation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bensching, L.; Livneh, B.; Greimann, B. P.

    2017-12-01

    Reservoir sedimentation is a long-term problem for water management across the Western U.S. Observations of sedimentation are limited to reservoir surveys that are costly and infrequent, with many reservoirs having only two or fewer surveys. This work aims to apply a recently developed ensemble of sediment algorithms to estimate reservoir sedimentation over several western U.S. reservoirs. The sediment algorithms include empirical, conceptual, stochastic, and processes based approaches and are coupled with a hydrologic modeling framework. Preliminary results showed that the more complex and processed based algorithms performed better in predicting high sediment flux values and in a basin transferability experiment. However, more testing and validation is required to confirm sediment model skill. This work is carried out in partnership with the Bureau of Reclamation with the goal of evaluating the viability of reservoir sediment yield prediction across the western U.S. using a multi-algorithm approach. Simulations of streamflow and sediment fluxes are validated against observed discharges, as well as a Reservoir Sedimentation Information database that is being developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers. Specific goals of this research include (i) quantifying whether inter-algorithm differences consistently capture observational variability; (ii) identifying whether certain categories of models consistently produce the best results, (iii) assessing the expected sedimentation life-span of several western U.S. reservoirs through long-term simulations.

  1. Saúde em retrospectiva e prospectivas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paula Borges Jacques

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Nesse ano que ora está findando, a Saúde mundial enfrentou inúmeros desafios. Houve desastres sísmicos, furacões, vulcões em erupção, ataques terroristas, guerras e, como consequência, refugiados em situação de risco em vários países(1. (Reemergiram doenças que poderiam estar controladas(2,3, como tuberculose, sífilis, AIDS, hipertensão, diabetes, hepatites, ebola, cólera, desnutrição grave, dengue, zica, entre outras. Além disso, surgiram síndromes e doenças que desafiam diagnósticos(3 enquanto diversos hospitais públicos agonizavam em diversos pontos do Brasil(4. Por outro lado, verificaram-se relatos de êxitos sucessivos no controle, tratamentos, desenvolvimento de vacinas, cirurgias e aparatos para erradicação de doenças, como a poliomielite nas Américas, que alegram e motivam a Saúde em todo o planeta(5. Nunca houve, como atualmente, tanta veiculação de ajuda humanitária e de solidariedade em notícias televisivas e nas redes sociais. Nobres trabalhadores da Saúde empenhados em, mais do que salvar vidas, resgatar refugiados, trazer esperança e alento a quem sofreu grandes perdas materiais e familiares(6. Se as redes sociais e a globalização expõem o fragilizado, também são capazes de encabeçar campanhas e salvarem, seja um bebê que precisa de um medicamento (Spiraza® não disponível no Brasil e que custa um milhão de reais para seu tratamento contra a Atrofia Muscular Espinhal (AME(7, sejam milhares de refugiados que deixam seus países em botes praticamente suicidas resgatados pelo Mar Mediterrâneo(8. A Revista Brasileira em Promoção da Saúde (RBPS acredita no desenvolvimento da Promoção da Saúde pelo mundo, e se emociona com cada pequena ou grande boa notícia de auxílio ou ajuda a quem está precisando. Nesse ano, estimou-se mais de 500 milhões de pessoas vivendo em área de risco para zica, dengue e chicungunha em dados de março para as Américas(9. Em estados do Nordeste do Brasil

  2. Adsorption process of fluoride from drinking water with magnetic core-shell Ce-Ti@Fe3O4 and Ce-Ti oxide nanoparticles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abo Markeb, Ahmad; Alonso, Amanda; Sánchez, Antoni; Font, Xavier

    2017-11-15

    Synthesized magnetic core-shell Ce-Ti@Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were tested, as an adsorbent, for fluoride removal and the adsorption studies were optimized. Adsorption capacity was compared with the synthesized Ce-Ti oxide nanoparticles. The adsorption equilibrium for the Ce-Ti@Fe 3 O 4 adsorbent was found to occur in cycles of adsorption-desorption. Although the nanoparticles suffer slight structure modifications after their reusability, they keep their adsorption capacity. Likewise, the efficiency of the Ce-Ti@Fe 3 O 4 was demonstrated when applied to real water to obtain a residual concentration of F - below the maximum contaminated level, 1.5mg/L (WHO, 2006). Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  3. Postavení OPEC v mezinárodních hospodářských vztazích

    OpenAIRE

    Košteková, Eva

    2008-01-01

    Bakalárska práca sa týka Organizácie krajín vyvážajúcich ropu.Cieľom práce je zhodnotiť postavenie OPEC od jeho vzniku, charakterizovať význam tejto organizácie a popísať zapojenie OPEC vo svetovej ekonomike.V prvej časti práce je základná charakteristika OPEC. Druhá časť práce skúma vývoj postavenia OPEC od jeho vzniku v roku 1960 do roku 2000 so zameraním na ropné šoky. Tretia časť práce sa zaoberá postavením OPEC v treťom miléniu, vzťahmi s EÚ a obnoviteľnými zdrojmi energie....

  4. Assessment of metal, trace and rare earth element concentrations in a sedimentary profile from Ponte Nova reservoir, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, by NAA

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rocha, Flavio R.; Bordon, Isabella C.C.L.; Silva, Paulo S.C.; Favaro, Deborah I.T., E-mail: flavio@baquara.com, E-mail: defavaro@ipen.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Silva, Sharlleny A.; Franklin, Robson L.; Ferreira, Francisco J., E-mail: shasilva@sp.gov.br, E-mail: rfranklin@sp.gov.br [Companhia Ambiental do Estado de Sao Paulo (ELAI/CETESB), SP (Brazil). Setor de Quimica Inorganica

    2015-07-01

    Ponte Nova reservoir, located in the upper basin of the Tiete River in the southern region of Sao Paulo State, covers an area of 25.7 km{sup 2} and drains an area of 320 km{sup 2}. It was built in 1972 to control the rivers flow in the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo (MRSP) and water supply. A 30 cm sediment core was collected in the dam in August 2014, sliced at every 2.5 cm. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was applied to the sediment samples to determine some major (Fe, K and Na), trace (As, Ba, Br, Co, Cr, Cs, Hf, Rb, Sb, Sc, Ta, Tb, Th, U and Zn) and rare earth (Ce, Eu, La, Lu, Nd, Sm, Tb and Yb) elements. The enrichment factor (EF) and Igeo were applied to the results by using NASC (North American Shale Composite) as reference values for sediment contamination index assessment. An EF>1.5 was obtained for As, Hf, Rb, Ta, Th, U, and rare earths Ce, Eu, La, Nd and Sm when NASC values were used, but only for Br, when the last layer concentration values were used as reference values. Similar results were obtained for the Igeo index. For semi-metal As and metals Cr and Zn concentration values were compared to oriented values from Environmental Canada (TEL and PEL) only Cr exceeded TEL value in some slices of the profile. These results may indicate that there is no anthropogenic contribution for the elements analyzed in this reservoir. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to the results. (author)

  5. Assessment of metal, trace and rare earth element concentrations in a sedimentary profile from Ponte Nova reservoir, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, by NAA

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rocha, Flavio R.; Bordon, Isabella C.C.L.; Silva, Paulo S.C.; Favaro, Deborah I.T.; Silva, Sharlleny A.; Franklin, Robson L.; Ferreira, Francisco J.

    2015-01-01

    Ponte Nova reservoir, located in the upper basin of the Tiete River in the southern region of Sao Paulo State, covers an area of 25.7 km 2 and drains an area of 320 km 2 . It was built in 1972 to control the rivers flow in the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo (MRSP) and water supply. A 30 cm sediment core was collected in the dam in August 2014, sliced at every 2.5 cm. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was applied to the sediment samples to determine some major (Fe, K and Na), trace (As, Ba, Br, Co, Cr, Cs, Hf, Rb, Sb, Sc, Ta, Tb, Th, U and Zn) and rare earth (Ce, Eu, La, Lu, Nd, Sm, Tb and Yb) elements. The enrichment factor (EF) and Igeo were applied to the results by using NASC (North American Shale Composite) as reference values for sediment contamination index assessment. An EF>1.5 was obtained for As, Hf, Rb, Ta, Th, U, and rare earths Ce, Eu, La, Nd and Sm when NASC values were used, but only for Br, when the last layer concentration values were used as reference values. Similar results were obtained for the Igeo index. For semi-metal As and metals Cr and Zn concentration values were compared to oriented values from Environmental Canada (TEL and PEL) only Cr exceeded TEL value in some slices of the profile. These results may indicate that there is no anthropogenic contribution for the elements analyzed in this reservoir. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to the results. (author)

  6. Encapsulated microsensors for reservoir interrogation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Scott, Eddie Elmer; Aines, Roger D.; Spadaccini, Christopher M.

    2016-03-08

    In one general embodiment, a system includes at least one microsensor configured to detect one or more conditions of a fluidic medium of a reservoir; and a receptacle, wherein the receptacle encapsulates the at least one microsensor. In another general embodiment, a method include injecting the encapsulated at least one microsensor as recited above into a fluidic medium of a reservoir; and detecting one or more conditions of the fluidic medium of the reservoir.

  7. Avaliação da vulnerabilidade ambiental de reservatórios à eutrofização Evaluation of reservoirs environmental vulnerability to eutrophication

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Cléa Brito de Figueirêdo

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Esse trabalho apresenta uma ferramenta de análise da vulnerabilidade de reservatórios à eutrofização, visando subsidiar ações de controle e remediação desse processo. Foram analisadas três subbacias de açudes - Araras, Edson Queiroz e Jaibaras, da bacia do Acaraú, CE, Brasil. A análise multiatributo usada na definição de indicadores ambientais de vulnerabilidade dos açudes à eutrofização, considerou sua sensibilidade e fatores de pressão nas suas sub-bacias que acarretam o transporte de sedimentos e nutrientes para os reservatórios. Foi utilizado um Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG com a ferramenta álgebra de mapas para manipular dados de uso e ocupação do solo, declividade do terreno e erodibilidade do solo. Foi identificada alta vulnerabilidade à eutrofização nos três açudes pelas susceptibilidades à erosão, alta carga poluidora principalmente pela pecuária extensiva na região e baixa profundidade relativa dos reservatórios.This work presents a tool to analyze the vulnerability of reservoirs to eutrophication, aiming to subsidize control and remediation actions related with this process. It was analyzed the water basins of Araras, Edson Queiroz and Jaibaras reservoirs, located in the Acaraú watershed, Ceará, Brazil. The multi-criteria analyses methodology used, in order to define environmental vulnerability indicators to reservoir eutrophication, considered reservoir sensibility and pressure factors in the water basin responsible for the transport of sediments and nutrients to the reservoir. A Geographic Information System (GIS with map algebra as major tool was applied to soil use and occupation, declivity and erosion indicators. It was identified high vulnerability to eutrophication in the three mentioned reservoirs because of the waterbasins susceptibility to erosion, high phosphorous load mainly from the extensive cattle raising and low relative depth of the reservoirs.

  8. Massachusetts reservoir simulation tool—User’s manual

    Science.gov (United States)

    Levin, Sara B.

    2016-10-06

    IntroductionThe U.S. Geological Survey developed the Massachusetts Reservoir Simulation Tool to examine the effects of reservoirs on natural streamflows in Massachusetts by simulating the daily water balance of reservoirs. The simulation tool was developed to assist environmental managers to better manage water withdrawals in reservoirs and to preserve downstream aquatic habitats.

  9. Photodynamic Processes in Fluoride Crystals Doped with Ce3+

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pavlov V.V.

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Integrated studies of photoelectric phenomena and their associated photodynamic processes in LiCaAlF6, LiLuF4, LiYF4, LiY0,5Lu0,5F4, SrAlF5 crystals doped with Ce3+ ions have been carried out using the combination of the methods of optical and dielectric spectroscopy. The numerical values of the basic parameters of photodynamic processes and their spectral dependence in 240 – 310 nm spectral range are evaluated. It has been shown that the most probable process, which leads to the photoionization of Ce3+ ions in LiYxLu1-xF4:Ce3+ (x=0; 0,5; 1 and LiCaAlF6:Ce3+ crystals, is excited-state absorption to the states of mixed configurations of Ce3+ ions localized near/in the conduction band of crystal.

  10. Indutores de mudança na formação dos profissionais de saúde: pró-saúde e PET-SAÚDE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isabel Cristina Luck Coelho de Holanda

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Na última década, a formação de profissionais de saúde tem sido reformulada no intuito de atender às necessidades de saúde das pessoas e não somente suas demandas. Políticas públicas de educação e saúde promovidas em parceria com o Ministério da Educação (MEC e o Ministério da Saúde (MS sinalizaram uma reforma curricular imprescindível nos cursos de graduação da área de saúde(1,2 .A formalização dessa mudança teve seu marco com a instituição das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN para os cursos de graduação no campo da saúde. Todos os instrumentos vigentes orientam a construção do perfil dos egressos por meio de um modelo acadêmico e profissional em que atitudes, habilidades e conteúdos almejem a formação generalista, humanista, crítica e reflexiva, com competência para a atuação em todos os níveis de atenção à saúde, embasando suas condutas nos rigores científico e ético(3-7.Não por acaso, todos os documentos ressaltam os mesmos campos de competência a serem desenvolvidos durante a formação dos diferentes profissionais da área: atenção à saúde, tomada de decisões, comunicação, liderança, educação permanente, administração e gerenciamento(3-7, pois a saúde, como um complexo campo de atuação, não consegue imprimir ações resolutivas através de uma única disciplina ou área do saber.A proposta preconizada pelo MEC e MS de produzir transformação nos processos de formação, trabalho e ampliação da cobertura dos serviços tem sido concretizada mediante programas indutores, como o Programa Nacional de Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde (Pró-Saúde e o Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET–Saúde(1,2.O Pró-Saúde, implementado no país desde 2005 através da divulgação de editais, pretende sintonizar a formação em saúde com as necessidades sociais, considerando as dimensões históricas, culturais e econômicas da população(8

  11. Characterizations of electrodeposited Ni–CeO{sub 2} nanocomposite coatings

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kasturibai, S., E-mail: s.kasturibai@yahoo.co.in [Department of Chemistry, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamilnadu (India); Advanced Nanocomposite Coatings Laboratory, Department of Industrial Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamilnadu (India); Kalaignan, G. Paruthimal, E-mail: pkalaignan@yahoo.com [Advanced Nanocomposite Coatings Laboratory, Department of Industrial Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamilnadu (India)

    2014-10-15

    The expansion of current machinery requires metallic materials with better surface properties. In the present investigation, CeO{sub 2} reinforced nickel nanocomposite coatings were deposited on mild steel substrate by direct current electrodeposition process employing nickel acetate bath. The effect of incorporation of CeO{sub 2} particles in the Ni nanocomposite coatings on the micro hardness and corrosion behaviour has been evaluated. Smooth and compact nanocomposite deposits containing well-distributed cerium oxide particles were obtained. The crystallite structure was fcc for electrodeposited nickel and Ni–CeO{sub 2} nanocomposite coatings. It has been observed that, the presence of CeO{sub 2} nanoparticles favours the [111] and [200] texture of nickel matrix. The co-deposition of CeO{sub 2} nanoparticles with nickel was found to be favoured at applied current density of 8 A dm{sup −2}. The micro hardness values of the nickel nanocomposite coatings (725 HV) was higher than that of pure nickel (265 HV).The decrease in I{sub corr} values and increase in Constant Phase Element values were investigated in 3.5% NaCl solution which showed the higher corrosion resistant nature of Ni–CeO{sub 2} coatings. - Highlights: • Ni–CeO{sub 2} composite coatings have electrodeposited from eco-friendly acetate bath. • Inclusion of CeO{sub 2} in the composite coating has refined the crystallite size. • Micro hardness values have increased with CeO{sub 2} content in the composite coatings. • The negative shift of E{sub corr} confirming cathodic protective nature of coatings.

  12. Information System through ANIS at CeSAM

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moreau, C.; Agneray, F.; Gimenez, S.

    2015-09-01

    ANIS (AstroNomical Information System) is a web generic tool developed at CeSAM to facilitate and standardize the implementation of astronomical data of various kinds through private and/or public dedicated Information Systems. The architecture of ANIS is composed of a database server which contains the project data, a web user interface template which provides high level services (search, extract and display imaging and spectroscopic data using a combination of criteria, an object list, a sql query module or a cone search interfaces), a framework composed of several packages, and a metadata database managed by a web administration entity. The process to implement a new ANIS instance at CeSAM is easy and fast : the scientific project has to submit data or a data secure access, the CeSAM team installs the new instance (web interface template and the metadata database), and the project administrator can configure the instance with the web ANIS-administration entity. Currently, the CeSAM offers through ANIS a web access to VO compliant Information Systems for different projects (HeDaM, HST-COSMOS, CFHTLS-ZPhots, ExoDAT,...).

  13. Scintillation and optical stimulated luminescence of Ce-doped CaF2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yanagida, Takayuki; Fujimoto, Yutaka; Watanabe, Kenichi; Fukuda, Kentaro; Kawaguchi, Noriaki; Miyamoto, Yuka; Nanto, Hidehito

    2014-01-01

    Scintillation and optical stimulated luminescence of Ce 0.1–20% doped CaF 2 crystals prepared by Tokuyama Corp. were investigated. In X-ray induced scintillation spectra, luminescence due to Ce 3+ 5d–4f transition appeared around 320 nm with typically 40 ns decay time. By 241 Am 5.5 MeV α-ray irradiation, 0.1% doped one showed the highest scintillation light yield and the light yield monotonically decreased with Ce concentrations. Optically stimulated luminescence after X-ray irradiation was observed around 320 nm under 550 or 830 nm stimulation in all samples. As a result, intensities of optically stimulated luminescence were proportional to Ce concentrations. Consequently, scintillation and optically stimulated luminescence resulted to have a complementary relation in Ce-doped CaF 2 system. - Highlights: • Optical, scintillation, and OSL properties of Ce 0.1–20% doped CaF 2 were studied. • Scintillation light yield exhibited inverse proportionality to Ce concentrations. • OSL intensities showed proportionality to Ce concentrations. • Complementary relation of scintillation and OSL was experimentally confirmed

  14. Nonlinear Filtering Effects of Reservoirs on Flood Frequency Curves at the Regional Scale: RESERVOIRS FILTER FLOOD FREQUENCY CURVES

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wang, Wei; Li, Hong-Yi; Leung, Lai-Yung; Yigzaw, Wondmagegn Y.; Zhao, Jianshi; Lu, Hui; Deng, Zhiqun; Demissie, Yonas; Bloschl, Gunter

    2017-10-01

    Anthropogenic activities, e.g., reservoir operation, may alter the characteristics of Flood Frequency Curve (FFC) and challenge the basic assumption of stationarity used in flood frequency analysis. This paper presents a combined data-modeling analysis of the nonlinear filtering effects of reservoirs on the FFCs over the contiguous United States. A dimensionless Reservoir Impact Index (RII), defined as the total upstream reservoir storage capacity normalized by the annual streamflow volume, is used to quantify reservoir regulation effects. Analyses are performed for 388 river stations with an average record length of 50 years. The first two moments of the FFC, mean annual maximum flood (MAF) and coefficient of variations (CV), are calculated for the pre- and post-dam periods and compared to elucidate the reservoir regulation effects as a function of RII. It is found that MAF generally decreases with increasing RII but stabilizes when RII exceeds a threshold value, and CV increases with RII until a threshold value beyond which CV decreases with RII. The processes underlying the nonlinear threshold behavior of MAF and CV are investigated using three reservoir models with different levels of complexity. All models capture the non-linear relationships of MAF and CV with RII, suggesting that the basic flood control function of reservoirs is key to the non-linear relationships. The relative roles of reservoir storage capacity, operation objectives, available storage prior to a flood event, and reservoir inflow pattern are systematically investigated. Our findings may help improve flood-risk assessment and mitigation in regulated river systems at the regional scale.

  15. Raman spectroscopic studies on CeVO4 at high pressures

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rao, Rekha; Garg, Alka B.; Wani, B.N.

    2011-01-01

    Raman scattering investigations of CeVO 4 at high pressures is reported. Polycrystalline CeVO 4 was prepared by solid state reaction of CeO 2 and V 2 O 5 . High pressure Raman spectroscopic measurements were carried out as per experimental details given

  16. Contributing opportunistic resources to the grid with HTCondor-CE-Bosco

    Science.gov (United States)

    Weitzel, Derek; Bockelman, Brian

    2017-10-01

    The HTCondor-CE [1] is the primary Compute Element (CE) software for the Open Science Grid. While it offers many advantages for large sites, for smaller, WLCG Tier-3 sites or opportunistic clusters, it can be a difficult task to install, configure, and maintain the HTCondor-CE. Installing a CE typically involves understanding several pieces of software, installing hundreds of packages on a dedicated node, updating several configuration files, and implementing grid authentication mechanisms. On the other hand, accessing remote clusters from personal computers has been dramatically improved with Bosco: site admins only need to setup SSH public key authentication and appropriate accounts on a login host. In this paper, we take a new approach with the HTCondor-CE-Bosco, a CE which combines the flexibility and reliability of the HTCondor-CE with the easy-to-install Bosco. The administrators of the opportunistic resource are not required to install any software: only SSH access and a user account are required from the host site. The OSG can then run the grid-specific portions from a central location. This provides a new, more centralized, model for running grid services, which complements the traditional distributed model. We will show the architecture of a HTCondor-CE-Bosco enabled site, as well as feedback from multiple sites that have deployed it.

  17. Using reservoir engineering data to solve geological ambiguities : a case study of one of the Iranian carbonate reservoirs

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kord, S. [National Iranian South Oil Co. (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

    2006-07-01

    A fractured carbonate reservoir in southwest Iran was studied with reference to reserve estimation, risk analysis, material balance and recovery factor. The 40 km long and 4 km wide reservoir consists of 2 parts with crest depths of 3780 and 3749 mss respectively. The eastern part is smaller and more productive than the western part which has high water saturation and absolutely no production. Economic production from the reservoir began in 1977. By 2004, the cumulative production had reached 12.064 MMSTB. Of the 6 wells drilled, only 2 wells in the eastern part are productive. This study addressed the main uncertainty of whether the 2 parts of the reservoir are sealed or not. The reservoir is under-saturated but the current pressure is near saturation pressure. The reservoir is divided into the following 4 zones: zones 1 and 2 are productive and consist mainly of carbonate rocks; zone 3 has thin beds of sand and shale; and, zone 4 consists of layers of carbonate, shale, marn, and dolomite. Although there are no faults, mud loss suggests that the reservoir has hairline fractures. Oil in place and reserves were estimated for both parts based on calculated reservoir engineering parameters. Material balance calculations were then performed to analyze and simulate the reservoir. The communication between the 2 parts of the reservoir were examined according to core analysis, rock type, fluid characterization, pressure analysis, water-oil contacts, production history and petrophysical evaluations. The porosity was found to be the same in both parts, but the water saturation and net to gross ratios were different between the eastern and western parts. The petrophysical evaluation revealed that there is no communication between the two parts of the reservoir. 4 refs., 2 figs., 2 appendices.

  18. Anisotropic p-f mixing mechanism explaining anomalous magnetic properties in Ce monopnictides

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Takahashi, H.; Kasuya, T.

    1985-01-01

    An anomalously small crystal-field splitting in the paramagnetic region in CeSb and CeBi compared with those in CeP and CeAs is explained by the mixing mechanism between the occupied 4f states and the valence band holes. In the paramagnetic regions, the above p-f mixing gives the effective crystal-field splitting, which is estimated to nearly cancel the normal splittings extrapolated from CeP and CeAs in good agreement with experiment. The formula for the second-order transition temperature, at which the population ratio of the 4f GAMMA 8 states begins to be unbalanced, is also derived. In CeBi the second-order transition may occur, while in CeSb the first-order transition should occur in agreement with experiments. (author)

  19. Carbon emission from global hydroelectric reservoirs revisited.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Siyue; Zhang, Quanfa

    2014-12-01

    Substantial greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from hydropower reservoirs have been of great concerns recently, yet the significant carbon emitters of drawdown area and reservoir downstream (including spillways and turbines as well as river reaches below dams) have not been included in global carbon budget. Here, we revisit GHG emission from hydropower reservoirs by considering reservoir surface area, drawdown zone and reservoir downstream. Our estimates demonstrate around 301.3 Tg carbon dioxide (CO2)/year and 18.7 Tg methane (CH4)/year from global hydroelectric reservoirs, which are much higher than recent observations. The sum of drawdown and downstream emission, which is generally overlooked, represents 42 % CO2 and 67 % CH4 of the total emissions from hydropower reservoirs. Accordingly, the global average emissions from hydropower are estimated to be 92 g CO2/kWh and 5.7 g CH4/kWh. Nonetheless, global hydroelectricity could currently reduce approximate 2,351 Tg CO2eq/year with respect to fuel fossil plant alternative. The new findings show a substantial revision of carbon emission from the global hydropower reservoirs.

  20. Performance evaluation of LaBr3: Ce scintillator

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xie Ming; Lin Li; Liu Shihao; Xiao Peng; Xie Qingguo

    2012-01-01

    The cerium doped lanthanum bromide crystal (LaBr 3 : Ce) is a new kind of scintillator with many advantages such as good energy resolution, high light output, short decay time, good proportionality response. These properties make the LaBr 3 : Ce attractive substantial interest to use in the radiation detection. The energy resolution were investigated with Φ25 × 25 mm LaBr 3 : Ce coupled to a Hamamatsu R8900 photomultiplier tube. Energy resolution of 3.6% (FWHM) have been achieved for 511 keV photons ( 18 F source) at room temperature. Decay time constant of 20 ns have been acquired with a Hamamatsu fast-time-response R9800 photomultiplier tube. The results approve the excellent characterizations of LaBr 3 : Ce and imply its enormous potentiality in the radiation detectors of gamma-ray spectroscopy and PET. (authors)

  1. Reservoir characteristics and control factors of Carboniferous volcanic gas reservoirs in the Dixi area of Junggar Basin, China

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ji'an Shi

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available Field outcrop observation, drilling core description, thin-section analysis, SEM analysis, and geochemistry, indicate that Dixi area of Carboniferous volcanic rock gas reservoir belongs to the volcanic rock oil reservoir of the authigenic gas reservoir. The source rocks make contact with volcanic rock reservoir directly or by fault, and having the characteristics of near source accumulation. The volcanic rock reservoir rocks mainly consist of acidic rhyolite and dacite, intermediate andesite, basic basalt and volcanic breccia: (1 Acidic rhyolite and dacite reservoirs are developed in the middle-lower part of the structure, have suffered strong denudation effect, and the secondary pores have formed in the weathering and tectonic burial stages, but primary pores are not developed within the early diagenesis stage. Average porosity is only at 8%, and the maximum porosity is at 13.5%, with oil and gas accumulation showing poor performance. (2 Intermediate andesite and basic basalt reservoirs are mainly distributed near the crater, which resembles the size of and suggests a volcanic eruption. Primary pores are formed in the early diagenetic stage, secondary pores developed in weathering and erosion transformation stage, and secondary fractures formed in the tectonic burial stage. The average porosity is at 9.2%, and the maximum porosity is at 21.9%: it is of the high-quality reservoir types in Dixi area. (3 The volcanic breccia reservoir has the same diagenetic features with sedimentary rocks, but also has the same mineral composition with volcanic rock; rigid components can keep the primary porosity without being affected by compaction during the burial process. At the same time, the brittleness of volcanic breccia reservoir makes it easily fracture under the stress; internal fracture was developmental. Volcanic breccia developed in the structural high part and suffered a long-term leaching effect. The original pore-fracture combination also made

  2. Hortas comunitárias como atividade promotora de saúde: uma experiência em Unidades Básicas de Saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christiane Gasparini Araújo Costa

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumoA agricultura urbana e periurbana (AUP vem sendo praticada em diferentes espaços, contribuindo para a melhoria da saúde nas comunidades e ambientes mais saudáveis. Objetivando identificar significados e repercussões da prática da AUP em Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS, enquanto uma atividade de Promoção da Saúde (PS, e em que medida sua dimensão terapêutica a caracteriza como uma atividade alinhada às práticas integrativas e complementares, foi realizado um estudo transversal com abordagem qualitativa no município de Embu das Artes, SP. Da análise, emergiram as seguintes categorias: concepção de saúde, resultados na saúde, resgate de práticas e hábitos tradicionais e reorientação dos serviços de saúde. Identificou-se a estreita ligação entre a prática das hortas e as diretrizes e campos de ação da PS como: criação de ambientes saudáveis, reforço da ação comunitária, desenvolvimento de habilidades pessoais, estímulo à autonomia e empoderamento e demandas por reorientação dos serviços. As atividades de horta instituídas nas UBS se mostraram uma estratégia de implementação das práticas integrativas e complementares (PIC. Conclui-se que as atividades de cultivo nas hortas comunitárias mostram-se como práticas promotoras da saúde que integram elementos fundamentais das PIC.

  3. Saúde oral: um desafio para a equipe de saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vera Lúcia de Oliveira Gomes

    2001-03-01

    Full Text Available Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo desvelar o conhecimento dos formandos dos cursos de Enfermagem e Medicina de uma Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul acerca da promoção da Saúde Oral. Participaram do estudo 58 acadêmicos, sendo 26 do Curso de Enfermagem e 32 do Curso de Medicina, estes responderam a um questionário com três perguntas semi-estruturadas. Através da triangulação constatamos que esse conhecimento entre os formandos dos referidos cursos é deficitário. Sabemos que é grande a dificuldade de acesso da população infantil carente aos gabinetes dentários, por esse motivo, acreditamos ser indispensável que os profissionais de Enfermagem e Medicina tenham conhecimentos referentes à promoção de saúde oral em crianças.

  4. VUV-UV–vis photoluminescence of Ce{sup 3+} and Ce{sup 3+}-Eu{sup 2+} energy transfer in Ba{sub 2}MgSi{sub 2}O{sub 7}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yan, Jing; Liu, Chunmeng; Zhou, Weijie [MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (China); Huang, Yan; Tao, Ye [Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039 (China); Liang, Hongbin, E-mail: cesbin@mail.sysu.edu.cn [MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (China)

    2017-05-15

    A series of Ce{sup 3+} doped and Ce{sup 3+}-Eu{sup 2+} co-doped Ba{sub 2}MgSi{sub 2}O{sub 7} phosphors was prepared via a high-temperature solid-state reaction technique. The photoluminescence properties, which include synchrotron radiation VUV-UV excitation spectra, emission spectra and concentration effect, thermal stability of Ce{sup 3+} are investigated. Hence the energies of the crystal field split 5d excited states of Ce{sup 3+} are determined. Due to spectral overlap, the energy transfer from sensitizer Ce{sup 3+} to activator Eu{sup 2+} in Ba{sub 2}MgSi{sub 2}O{sub 7}:Ce{sup 3+}, Eu{sup 2+} occurs, and the mechanism is demonstrated to be an electric dipole−dipole interaction. - Highlights: •The energies of five crystal field split 5d states of Ce{sup 3+} in Ba{sub 2}MgSi{sub 2}O{sub 7} were determined by synchrotron radiation VUV-UV excitation spectrum. •The concentration effect, thermal stability of Ce{sup 3+} were investigated. •The energy transfer from Ce{sup 3+} to Eu{sup 2+} and its influence on luminescence decays of Ce{sup 3+} and Eu{sup 2+} were studied.

  5. A política de saúde bucal em pauta no Conselho Municipal de Saúde no Município de Nova Friburgo - RJ

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rafael Gomes Ditterich

    Full Text Available Objetivo O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar, por meio dos documentos técnicos do Conselho Municipal de Saúde (CMS, a organização dos serviços de saúde bucal no Município de Nova Friburgo - RJ, a partir da institucionalização da Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal. Metodologia Para a análise documental, utilizou-se o registro de frequência e categorização por assunto: saúde bucal das atas do CMS de junho/2006 a agosto/2011, do Plano Municipal de Saúde de 2003-2005 e 2010-2013, e os documentos encaminhados entre 2005 e 2011. Resultado Os registros analisados até 2012 indicaram que a população estava desassistida na questão da média complexidade, como também no acesso à água fluoretada. As equipes de saúde bucal ainda não tinham sido qualificadas e ampliadas, como é bem colocado como prioridade no Brasil Sorridente. O Município ainda não desenvolvia programas de prevenção e promoção de saúde bucal de forma contínua e efetiva. Conclusão Concluiu-se que a Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal, até o ano de 2012, não tinha ainda reflexo nas ações de saúde bucal em Nova Friburgo.

  6. The γ rays sensitivity measurement of CeF3 scintillator detector

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hu Mengchun; Zhou Dianzhong; Li Rurong; Wang Zhentong; Yang Hongqiong; Zhang Jianhua; Hu Qingyuan; Peng Taiping

    2003-01-01

    The CeF 3 is an abio-scintillator developed in recent years, which are insensitive to neutron and sensitive to gamma rays and respond quickness. The relationship of CeF 3 scintillation detector gamma rays sensitivity with the change of crystal thickness was measured. The CeF 3 scintillation detector is composed by high liner current photomultiplier tube of CHφT3, CHφT5 and CeF 3 scintillator. The detector gamma rays sensitivity of purple photocell and common photocell with CeF 3 scintillator were measured too

  7. A proposta da educação permanente em saúde na atualização da equipe de saúde em diabetes mellitus

    OpenAIRE

    Rodrigues,Andreia Cristinha Seabra; Vieira,Gisele de Lacerda Chaves; Torres,Heloisa de Carvalho

    2010-01-01

    O objetivo do estudo foi relatar a experiência da Educação Permanente em Saúde na atualização da equipe de saúde de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde para a atenção integral e humanizada às pessoas com diabetes tipo 2. A metodologia de escolha para a capacitação das equipes de saúde foi a Educação em Permanente em Saúde, por meio de oficinas educativas em diabetes com enfoque na problematização do processo educativo e profissional. Buscou-se, assim, construir um programa de educação em diabetes vis...

  8. Acupuntura e promoção de saúde: possibilidades no serviço público de saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Elisa Rizzi Cintra

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available O presente estudo objetivou analisar as possíveis contribuições da Acupuntura aplicada nos serviços públicos de saúde do município de São Paulo para a Promoção da Saúde. Foi utilizada a abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, com uso de entrevistas em profundidade. Os resultados apontam que a Acupuntura praticada nos serviços públicos permite um trânsito interdisciplinar integrando a percepção do indivíduo sobre si mesmo e seu contexto, possibilitando mudanças nas causas primárias das doenças. Assim, o contato com a Acupuntura praticada nos serviços de saúde da rede municipal de São Paulo mostra-se passível de contribuir para o desenvolvimento de ações de Promoção de Saúde.

  9. Application of integrated reservoir management and reservoir characterization to optimize infill drilling. Quarterly progress report, June 13, 1995--September 12, 1995

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pande, P.K.

    1995-09-12

    At this stage of the reservoir characterization research, the main emphasis is on the geostatistics and reservoir simulation. Progress is reported on geological analysis, reservoir simulation, and reservoir management.

  10. The Coupling Effect of Rainfall and Reservoir Water Level Decline on the Baijiabao Landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nenghao Zhao

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Rainfall and reservoir level fluctuation are two of the main factors contributing to reservoir landslides. However, in China’s Three Gorges Reservoir Area, when the reservoir water level fluctuates significantly, it comes at a time of abundant rainfall, which makes it difficult to distinguish which factor dominates the deformation of the landslide. This study focuses on how rainfall and reservoir water level decline affect the seepage and displacement field of Baijiabao landslide spatially and temporally during drawdown of reservoir water level in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, thus exploring its movement mechanism. The monitoring data of the landslide in the past 10 years were analyzed, and the correlation between rainfall, reservoir water level decline, and landslide displacement was clarified. By the numerical simulation method, the deformation evolution mechanism of this landslide during drawdown of reservoir water level was revealed, respectively, under three conditions, namely, rainfall, reservoir water level decline, and coupling of the above two conditions. The results showed that the deformation of the Baijiabao landslide was the coupling effect of rainfall and reservoir water level decline, while the latter effect is more pronounced.

  11. CE APPROVAL IN ELECTRICAL HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES AND A CASE STUDY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nazmi EKREN

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Due to the reason for rapidly developing technology, increasing competition medium, and awareness of the consumers, nowadays, the exigency of production with good quality has gained more and more significance. Certification of the quality and safety of the products to the consumers is compulsory in terms of producers. There are some documents to certify safety of the products. One of them is CE certificate. In this paper, basic information about CE mark is given and CE standards and tests required for electrical household appliances are mentioned. As an application, one of an electrical household appliance, toaster grill is treated and examined. To obtain CE certificate for toaster grill, required tests are made according to EN60335-2-9 and CE certificate is obtained.

  12. Luminescence of Ce3+ doped LaPO4 nanophosphors upon Ce3+ 4f-5d and band-to-band excitation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Stryganyuk, G.; Trots, D.M.; Voloshinovskii, A.; Shalapska, T.; Zakordonskiy, V.; Vistovskyy, V.; Pidzyrailo, M.; Zimmerer, G.

    2008-01-01

    Luminescence spectral-kinetic studies have been performed for pure and Ce-doped LaPO 4 micro- and nanosized phosphates using synchrotron radiation for the excitation within 5-20 eV energy range at T=8-300 K. Mechanisms for the excitation of Ce 3+ 5d-4f emission as well as the quenching processes are discussed. The influence of surface defects has been considered to modify considerably the luminescent properties of nanosized phosphors upon the excitation in the energy range of Ce 3+ 4f-5d transitions and LaPO 4 host absorption

  13. ANALISIS DAYA SAING KEDELAI INDONESIA

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    Sarwono Sarwono

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage index of soybean in Indonesia from 1983 up to 2013 is less than one, mostly. It means that the competitiveness of soybean in Indonesia is low. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors influence the soybean competitiveness. OLS (Ordinary Least Square was used as the analysis method. Hypotheses test based on that analysis model is not bias, so that, classic divergence test is needed. It is for getting the Best Linier Unbiased Estimator (BLUE appraisal. T statistic and F statistic were also applied. The result of this research shows that production and export have positive and significant influence. In addition, exchange rate and government policy do not influence the Indonesia soybean competitiveness.Indeks RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage kedelai Indonesia dari tahun 1983-2013 kecenderungan bernilai kurang dari satu yang berarti daya saing kedelai Indonesia rendah.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi daya saing kedelai Indonesia.Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Ordinary Least Square (OLS.Pengujian hipotesis berdasarkan model analisis tersebut tidak bias maka perlu dilakukan uji penyimpangan klasik yang tujuannya agar diperoleh penaksiran yang bersifat Best Linier Unbiased Estimator (BLUE.Pengujian statistik menggunakan uji t statistikdan uji f statistik.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa produksi dan ekspor berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap daya saing kedelai Indonesia. Nilai tukar rupiah dan kebijakan pemerintah tidak berpengaruh terhadap daya saing kedelai Indonesia.

  14. HumanViCe: Host ceRNA network in virus infected cells in human

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    Suman eGhosal

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Host-virus interaction via host cellular components has been an important field of research in recent times. RNA interference mediated by short interfering RNAs and microRNAs (miRNA, is a widespread anti-viral defence strategy. Importantly, viruses also encode their own miRNAs. In recent times miRNAs were identified as key players in host-virus interaction. Furthermore, viruses were shown to exploit the host miRNA networks to suite their own need. The complex cross-talk between host and viral miRNAs and their cellular and viral targets forms the environment for viral pathogenesis. Apart from protein-coding mRNAs, non-coding RNAs may also be targeted by host or viral miRNAs in virus infected cells, and viruses can exploit the host miRNA mediated gene regulatory network via the competing endogenous RNA effect. A recent report showed that viral U-rich non-coding RNAs called HSUR, expressed in primate virus herpesvirus saimiri (HVS infected T cells, were able to bind to three host miRNAs, causing significant alteration in cellular level for one of the miRNAs. We have predicted protein coding and non protein-coding targets for viral and human miRNAs in virus infected cells. We identified viral miRNA targets within host non-coding RNA loci from AGO interacting regions in three different virus infected cells. Gene ontology (GO and pathway enrichment analysis of the genes comprising the ceRNA networks in the virus infected cells revealed enrichment of key cellular signalling pathways related to cell fate decisions and gene transcription, like Notch and Wnt signalling pathways, as well as pathways related to viral entry, replication and virulence. We identified a vast number of non-coding transcripts playing as potential ceRNAs to the immune response associated genes; e.g. APOBEC family genes, in some virus infected cells. All these information are compiled in HumanViCe, a comprehensive database that provides the potential ceRNA networks in virus

  15. Pd/CeO2/SiC Chemical Sensors

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lu, Weijie; Collins, W. Eugene

    2005-01-01

    The incorporation of nanostructured interfacial layers of CeO2 has been proposed to enhance the performances of Pd/SiC Schottky diodes used to sense hydrogen and hydrocarbons at high temperatures. If successful, this development could prove beneficial in numerous applications in which there are requirements to sense hydrogen and hydrocarbons at high temperatures: examples include monitoring of exhaust gases from engines and detecting fires. Sensitivity and thermal stability are major considerations affecting the development of high-temperature chemical sensors. In the case of a metal/SiC Schottky diode for a number of metals, the SiC becomes more chemically active in the presence of the thin metal film on the SiC surface at high temperature. This increase in chemical reactivity causes changes in chemical composition and structure of the metal/SiC interface. The practical effect of the changes is to alter the electronic and other properties of the device in such a manner as to degrade its performance as a chemical sensor. To delay or prevent these changes, it is necessary to limit operation to a temperature sensor structures. The present proposal to incorporate interfacial CeO2 films is based partly on the observation that nanostructured materials in general have potentially useful electrical properties, including an ability to enhance the transfer of electrons. In particular, nanostructured CeO2, that is CeO2 with nanosized grains, has shown promise for incorporation into hightemperature electronic devices. Nanostructured CeO2 films can be formed on SiC and have been shown to exhibit high thermal stability on SiC, characterized by the ability to withstand temperatures somewhat greater than 700 C for limited times. The exchanges of oxygen between CeO2 and SiC prevent the formation of carbon and other chemical species that are unfavorable for operation of a SiC-based Schottky diode as a chemical sensor. Consequently, it is anticipated that in a Pd/CeO2/SiC Schottky

  16. Study of the growth of CeO2 nanoparticles onto titanate nanotubes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marques, Thalles M. F.; Ferreira, Odair P.; da Costa, Jose A. P.; Fujisawa, Kazunori; Terrones, Mauricio; Viana, Bartolomeu C.

    2015-12-01

    We report the study of the growth of CeO2 nanoparticles on the external walls and Ce4+ intercalation within the titanate nanotubes. The materials were fully characterized by multiple techniques, such as: Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ion exchange processes in the titanate nanotubes were carried out using different concentrations of Ce4+ in aqueous solution. Our results indicate that the growth of CeO2 nanoparticles grown mediated by the hydrolysis in the colloidal species of Ce and the attachment onto the titanate nanotubes happened and get it strongly anchored to the titanate nanotube surface by a simple electrostatic interaction between the nanoparticles and titanate nanotubes, which can explain the small size and even distribution of nanoparticles on titanate supports. It was demonstrated that it is possible to control the amount and size of CeO2 nanoparticles onto the nanotube surface, the species of the Ce ions intercalated between the layers of titanate nanotubes, and the materials could be tuned for using in specific catalysis in according with the amount of CeO2 nanoparticles, their oxygen vacancies/defects and the types of Ce species (Ce4+ or Ce3+) present into the nanotubes.

  17. Des Ecritures illicites. Le savoir des agents de la sureté sur l’écrit à Paris (1871-1900

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Philippe Artières

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Ce rapport est celui d’un policier parisien en date du 29 décembre 1884 ; ce regard sur des écrits tracés sur un mur paraît aujourd’hui banal tant la lutte contre le graffiti (« contre le vandalisme » fait partie des prérogatives policières. Il n’en était rien, il y a cent cinquante ans : ce constat d’écriture illicite constitue un événement aussi minuscule que considérable : il s’inscrit dans un moment important de redéfinition des fonctions du policier2 ; il inaugure un regard et sa pratique ; le policier précise non seulement le siège de l’écrit mais sa taille, sa couleur, son support et sa consistance. L’agent indique aussi le trouble provoqué, ce qu’aujourd’hui on nomme la saillance d’un écrit. Comment un tel constat d’écriture a-t-il été rendu possible ? Quel intérêt pouvait pousser un policier faisant sa ronde à noter, avec tant de soins, quelques signes traces à la peinture verte ? Pourquoi soudain cet écrit en public devient suspect ? Et surtout pour ces inspecteurs qu’est-ce qui constitue dans leur fonction l’acte d’écrire en un acte à observer et à décrire dans un rapport ?

  18. Psicologia da saúde crítica no contexto hospitalar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Denis Barros de Carvalho

    Full Text Available O texto apresenta uma discussão sobre a Psicologia da saúde no contexto hospitalar a partir de uma perspectiva histórica e ética, mostrando como o desenvolvimento desse campo foi caracterizado pelo surgimento de duas perspectivas: a Psicologia da saúde tradicional e a Psicologia da saúde crítica. O modelo de quatro abordagens à Psicologia da saúde é apresentado e reformulado com a inclusão do conceito de Psicologia sanitária, e a prática em Psicologia da saúde é discutida à luz do conceito de reflexividade. Por fim, alguns questionamentos derivados da Psicologia da saúde crítica são feitos à prática do psicólogo no contexto hospitalar.

  19. Luminescence from Ce in sol-gel SiO{sub 2}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kroon, R.E., E-mail: KroonRE@ufs.ac.za [Department of Physics, University of the Free State, IB51, Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300 (South Africa); Seed Ahmed, H.A.A.; Ntwaeaborwa, O.M. [Department of Physics, University of the Free State, IB51, Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300 (South Africa); Koao, L.F. [Department of Physics, University of the Free State (Qwaqwa Campus), Private Bag X13, Phuthaditjhaba 9866 (South Africa); Nagpure, I.M.; Gusowski, M.A. [Department of Physics, University of the Free State, IB51, Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300 (South Africa); Botha, J.R. [Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031 (South Africa); Swart, H.C. [Department of Physics, University of the Free State, IB51, Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300 (South Africa)

    2012-05-15

    The sol-gel process provides an attractive low temperature alternative to the melt process for producing Ce-doped silica, but reports of the emission wavelength have not been consistent. In this paper, luminescence measurements using a variety of excitation methods, including cathodoluminescence not yet reported by other researchers, are compared and evaluated in the light of previously published data. Several papers report luminescence around 350 nm but emission near this wavelength was not found from our samples. This luminescence originates from Ce that has not yet been incorporated in the silica and is found in samples that have not undergone high temperature annealing. Our photoluminescence results from samples annealed in a reducing atmosphere suggest that emission from Ce incorporated in the silica lattice occurs near 455 nm, and some indication of the emission from Ce in amorphous clusters at 400 nm is also found. However, our results also confirm earlier indications that intrinsic defects in silica can create photoluminescence near both these wavelengths, which can make identification of the luminescence due to Ce difficult. Finally, it has been found that samples which have been annealed in air, and therefore display poor photoluminescence because most of the Ce occurs in the tetravalent form, are luminescent under electron beam excitation. It is suggested that during cathodoluminescence measurements Ce{sup 4+} ions capture electrons to form excited Ce{sup 3+} ions from which the luminescence originates.

  20. Complex impedance study on nano-CeO2 coating TiO2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang Mei; Wang Honglian; Wang Xidong; Li Wenchao

    2006-01-01

    Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles and cerium dioxide (CeO 2 ) nanoparticles coated titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles (CeO 2 -TiO 2 nanoparticles) have been successfully synthesized by sol-gel method. The complex impedance of the materials was investigated. The grain resistance, boundary resistance and activation energy of the nanoparticles were calculated according to Arrhenius equation. According to calculating results, the active capacity of pure TiO 2 nanoparticles has been improved because of nano-CeO 2 coating. An optimal CeO 2 content of 4.9 mol% was achieved. The high resolution electron microscopy images of CeO 2 -TiO 2 nanoparticles showed that TiO 2 nanoparticles, as a core, were covered by CeO 2 nanoparticles. The average size of CeO 2 coating TiO 2 nanoparticles was about 70 nm. Scanning electron microscopy observation indicted that CeO 2 nanoparticle coating improved the separation, insulation, and stability the CeO 2 -TiO 2 nanoparticles, which was benefit to the activity of materials

  1. Ce doped NiO nanoparticles as selective NO2 gas sensor

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gawali, Swati R.; Patil, Vithoba L.; Deonikar, Virendrakumar G.; Patil, Santosh S.; Patil, Deepak R.; Patil, Pramod S.; Pant, Jayashree

    2018-03-01

    Metal oxide gas sensors are promising portable gas detection devices because of their advantages such as low cost, easy production and compact size. The performance of such sensors is strongly dependent on material properties such as morphology, structure and doping. In the present study, we report the effect of cerium (Ce) doping on nickel oxide (NiO) nano-structured thin film sensors towards various gases. Bare NiO and Ce doped NiO nanoparticles (Ce:NiO) were synthesized by sol-gel method. To understand the effect of Ce doping in nickel oxide, various molar percentages of Ce with respect to nickel were incorporated. The structure, phase, morphology and band-gap energy of as-synthesized nanoparticles were studied by XRD, SEM, EDAX and UV-vis spectroscopy. Thin film gas sensors of all the samples were prepared and subjected to various gases such as LPG, NH3, CH3COCH3 and NO2. A systematic and comparative study reveals an enhanced gas sensing performance of Ce:NiO sensors towards NO2 gas. The maximum sensitivity for NO2 gas is around 0.719% per ppm at moderate operating temperature of 150 °C for 0.5% Ce:NiO thin film gas sensor. The enhanced gas sensing performance for Ce:NiO is attributed to the distortion of crystal lattice caused by doping of Ce into NiO.

  2. Saúde e bem-estar de crianças em idade escolar Salud y bienestar de los niños en edad escolar School aged children health and welfare

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Isabel Noronha

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available A percepção que as crianças têm sobre a sua própria saúde é um importante indicador para a definição de estratégias de promoção de saúde infantil. Este estudo correlacional analisa a percepção de saúde de uma amostra probabilística acidental de 216 crianças portuguesas do ensino básico. O questionário de recolha de dados (CHIP-CE revelou boas propriedades psicométricas (alfa=0,84. Os resultados indicam médias e desvios-padrão de cinco fatores: Conforto (4,34; 0,45; Evitamento de risco (4,18; 0,53; Satisfação (4,03; 0,56; Resiliência (3,75; 0,60; Realização (3,75; 0,60. Resiliência e evitamento de risco são fatores com valores mais baixos. A dificuldade em realizar os trabalhos de casa e conviver com os colegas é indicadora da dimensão resiliência mais problemática. Os resultados permitem descrever o perfil de saúde e planejar uma intervenção de educação para a saúde das crianças, em contexto escolar, especialmente na área do relacionamento e motivação para o estudo.La percepción que los niños tienen sobre su propia salud es un importante indicador para la definición de estrategias de promoción de salud infantil. Este estudio correlacional analiza la percepción de salud de una muestra probabilística accidental de 216 niños portugueses de escolaridad básica. El cuestionario de recolección de datos (CHIP-CE reveló buenas propiedades psicométricas (alfa=0,84. Los resultados indican medias y desvíos estandarizados de cinco factores: Comodidad (4,34; 0,45; Evitación de riesgo (4.18; 0,53; Satisfacción (4,03; 0,56; Resiliencia (3,75; 0,60; Realización (3,75; 0,60. Resiliencia y evitación de riesgo son los factores con valores más bajos. La dificultad en realizar los deberes y convivir con los compañeros son indicadores de la dimensión de resiliencia más problemáticos. Los resultados permiten describir el perfil de salud y planear una intervención de educación para la salud de los ni

  3. Down-conversion luminescence from (Ce, Yb) co-doped oxygen-rich silicon oxides

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Heng, C. L.; Wang, T.; Su, W. Y.; Wu, H. C.; Yin, P. G.; Finstad, T. G.

    2016-01-01

    We have studied down-conversion photoluminescence (PL) from (Ce, Yb) co-doped “oxygen rich” silicon oxide films prepared by sputtering and annealing. The Ce"3"+ ∼510 nm PL is sensitive to the Ce concentration of the films and is much stronger for 3 at. % Ce than for 2 at. % Ce after annealing at 1200 °C. The PL emission and excitation spectroscopy results indicate that the excitation of Yb"3"+ is mainly through an energy transfer from Ce"3"+ to Yb"3"+, oxide defects also play a role in the excitation of Yb"3"+ after lower temperature (∼800 °C) annealing. The Ce"3"+ 510 nm photon excites mostly only one Yb"3"+ 980 nm photon. Temperature-dependent PL measurements suggest that the energy transfer from Ce"3"+ to Yb"3"+ is partly thermally activated.

  4. Saúde mental na atenção primária e Saúde Mental Global: perspectivas internacionais e cenário brasileiro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leandro David Wenceslau

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta uma análise teórica sobre a integração da saúde mental na atenção primária sob a perspectiva dos objetivos e estratégias da Saúde Mental Global (Global Mental Health - GMH. Esta tarefa é dividida em duas partes. A primeira parte é dedicada a estudos internacionais de revisão sobre o tema, e a segunda trata de publicações normativas e científicas brasileiras que tocam a questão. Os estudos internacionais ratificam a integração da saúde mental na atenção primária à saúde como estratégia fundamental para o alcance dos objetivos do GMH. No cenário brasileiro, o tema é relevante para as políticas e pesquisas em saúde mental, porém, os objetivos desta integração e suas formas de operacionalização demandam melhor definição. Nas conclusões, apontamos obstáculos para que a APS possa ocupar um papel estratégico para as ações de saúde mental no Sistema Único de Saúde.

  5. A música popular brasileira na construção do conhecimento em Saúde Pública: o tema processo de trabalho e saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Augusto Pina

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo destaca temas relativos ao trabalho e à saúde na música popular brasileira, especialmente no samba. Tem como objetivo apresentar um corpo de conhecimentos sobre o tema processo de trabalho e saúde. Nas canções selecionadas foram identificadas categorias tomadas como ponto de partida para discussão com a literatura. Com o desenvolvimento do texto, percebe-se o manancial da canção popular para proporcionar conteúdos sobre múltiplas dimensões do processo de trabalho e do processo saúde-doença dos trabalhadores, inclusive a dimensão coletiva e histórica da luta pelo direito à saúde. Esta pesquisa resultou na valorização da música popular brasileira como uma forma de se entenderem as relações trabalho-saúde e de se desenvolver conhecimento em Saúde Coletiva.

  6. Gravidez em adolescentes de uma unidade municipal de saúde em Fortaleza - Ceará Embarazo en adolescentes de una unidad municipal de salud en Fortaleza - Ceára (Brasil Pregnancy in adolescents of a city health unit in Fortaleza - Ceára (Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Conceição de Maria Arcanjo

    2007-09-01

    Full Text Available Estudo quantitativo com objetivo de conhecer a gravidez na adolescência em unidade municipal de saúde, Fortaleza-CE. A amostra foi composta por 40 adolescentes. Como resultado, encontramos: 20% estavam entre 14 e 15 anos, 7,5% eram solteiras, 5%, casadas, 7,5% tinham união consensual; 60% tinham entre 16 e 17 anos, 5% eram solteiras, 7,5%, casadas, 47,5% tinham união consensual; 20% tinham entre 18 e 19 anos, 12,5% eram solteiras, 7,5%, casadas. E, ainda: 17,5% tiveram experiência do aborto, 50% deixaram de estudar por causa da gravidez, 25% não gostam de estudar, 20% não acham importante, 57,5% iniciaram pré-natal com três a quatro meses de gestação, 80% dos pais assumem a paternidade, 70% delas continuavam morando com a família, 70% receberam orientações sobre gravidez, 60% não utilizavam método contraceptivo, 37,5% desejam ser dona de casa, 27,5% não têm planos para o futuro. Concluímos que as adolescentes engravidam em faixa etária precoce, não percebem os riscos inerentes à gravidez e deixam de lado o estudo, lazer, vaidade ou mesmo perspectivas para o futuro. A nosso ver, o estudo pode contribuir para o redimensionamento do trabalho com adolescentes na unidade local do estudo.Estudio cuantitativo con el objetivo de conocer el embarazo en la adolescencia de una unidad municipal de salud, Fortaleza CE (Brasil. La muestra fue compuesta por 40 adolescentes. Como resultado encontramos: 20% estaban entre 14-15 años, 7,5% solteras, 5% casadas, 7,5% unión consensual; 60% entre 16 y 17años, 5% solteras, 7,5% casadas, 47,5% unión consensual; 20% entre 18-19 años, 12,5% solteras, 7,5% casadas. Y todavía 17,5% tuvieran experiencia del aborto, 50% dejaron de estudiar debido el embarazo, 25% no les gusta estudiar, 20% no encuentra importante, 57,5% empezaron prenatal con tres a cuatro meses de la gestación, 80% de los padres asumen la paternidad, 70% continúan viviendo con la familia, 70% recibieran las orientaciones en el

  7. Occurrence of sulfonylurea, sulfonamide, imidazolinone, and other herbicides in rivers, reservoirs and ground water in the Midwestern United States, 1998

    Science.gov (United States)

    Battaglin, W.A.; Furlong, E.T.; Burkhardt, M.R.; Peter, C.J.

    2000-01-01

    Sulfonylurea (SU), sulfonamide (SA), and imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides are relatively new classes of chemical compounds that function by inhibiting the action of a plant enzyme, stopping plant growth, and eventually killing the plant. These compounds generally have low mammalian toxicity, but plants demonstrate a wide range in sensitivity to SUs, SAs, and IMIs with over a 10000-fold difference in observed toxicity levels for some compounds. SUs, SAs, and IMIs are applied either pre- or post-emergence to crops commonly at 1/50th or less of the rate of other herbicides. Little is known about their occurrence, fate, or transport in surface water or ground water in the USA. To obtain information on the occurrence of SU, SA, and IMI herbicides in the Midwestern United States, 212 water samples were collected from 75 surface-water and 25 ground-water sites in 1998. These samples were analyzed for 16 SU, SA and IMI herbicides by USGS Methods Research and Development Program staff using high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Samples were also analyzed for 47 pesticides or pesticide degradation products. At least one of the 16 SUs, SAs or IMIs was detected above the method reporting limit (MRL) of 0.01 ??g/l in 83% of 130 stream samples. Imazethapyr was detected most frequently (71% of samples) followed by flumetsulam (63% of samples) and nicosulfuron (52% of samples). The sum of SU, SA and IMI concentrations exceeded 0.5 ??g/l in less than 10% of stream samples. Acetochlor, alachlor, atrazine, cyanazine and metolachlor were all detected in 90% or more of 129 stream samples. The sum of the concentration of these five herbicides exceeded 50 ??g/l in approximately 10% of stream samples. At least one SU, SA, or IMI herbicide was detected above the MRL in 24% of 25 ground-water samples and 86% of seven reservoir samples. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.

  8. A comparative study of LaBr3(Ce(3+)) and CeBr3 based gamma-ray spectrometers for planetary remote sensing applications.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kozyrev, A; Mitrofanov, I; Owens, A; Quarati, F; Benkhoff, J; Bakhtin, B; Fedosov, F; Golovin, D; Litvak, M; Malakhov, A; Mokrousov, M; Nuzhdin, I; Sanin, A; Tretyakov, V; Vostrukhin, A; Timoshenko, G; Shvetsov, V; Granja, C; Slavicek, T; Pospisil, S

    2016-08-01

    The recent availability of large volume cerium bromide crystals raises the possibility of substantially improving gamma-ray spectrometer limiting flux sensitivities over current systems based on the lanthanum tri-halides, e.g., lanthanum bromide and lanthanum chloride, especially for remote sensing, low-level counting applications or any type of measurement characterized by poor signal to noise ratios. The Russian Space Research Institute has developed and manufactured a highly sensitive gamma-ray spectrometer for remote sensing observations of the planet Mercury from the Mercury Polar Orbiter (MPO), which forms part of ESA's BepiColombo mission. The Flight Model (FM) gamma-ray spectrometer is based on a 3-in. single crystal of LaBr3(Ce(3+)) produced in a separate crystal development programme specifically for this mission. During the spectrometers development, manufacturing, and qualification phases, large crystals of CeBr3 became available in a subsequent phase of the same crystal development programme. Consequently, the Flight Spare Model (FSM) gamma-ray spectrometer was retrofitted with a 3-in. CeBr3 crystal and qualified for space. Except for the crystals, the two systems are essentially identical. In this paper, we report on a comparative assessment of the two systems, in terms of their respective spectral properties, as well as their suitability for use in planetary mission with respect to radiation tolerance and their propensity for activation. We also contrast their performance with a Ge detector representative of that flown on MESSENGER and show that: (a) both LaBr3(Ce(3+)) and CeBr3 provide superior detection systems over HPGe in the context of minimally resourced spacecraft and (b) CeBr3 is a more attractive system than LaBr3(Ce(3+)) in terms of sensitivities at lower gamma fluxes. Based on the tests, the FM has now been replaced by the FSM on the BepiColombo spacecraft. Thus, CeBr3 now forms the central gamma-ray detection element on the MPO spacecraft.

  9. LiCaAlF sub 6 :Ce crystal: a new scintillator

    CERN Document Server

    Gektin, A V; Neicheva, S; Gavrilyuk, V; Bensalah, A; Fukuda, T; Shimamura, K

    2002-01-01

    Scintillation properties of LiCaAlF sub 6 :Ce crystal, well known as the effective UV laser material, is reported. Ce sup 3 sup + emission at 286-305 nm with a single exponential decay time of 35 ns provides a scintillation pulse. Radiation damage in pure and Ce-doped crystals is studied. In contrast to the majority of fluoride crystals, cerium is responsible for the ultradeep traps formation revealing thermostimulated luminescence. Overlapping of color center absorption and Ce sup 3 sup + ion emission bands limits the scintillation efficiency of LiCaAlF sub 6 :Ce at high radiation doses.

  10. An investigation on SA 213-Tube to SA 387-Tube plate using friction welding process

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rajan, S. Pandia; Kumaraswamidhas, L. A. [Indian Institute of Technology, Jharkhand (India); Kumaran, S. Senthil [RVS School of Engineering and Technology, Tamil Nadu (India); Muthukumaran, S. [National Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu (India)

    2016-01-15

    Friction welding of tube to tube plate using an external tool (FWTPET) is a relatively newer solid state welding process used for joining tube to tube plate of either similar or dissimilar materials with enhanced mechanical and metallurgical properties. In the present study, FWTPET has been used to weld SA 213 (Grade T12) tube with SA 387 (Grade 22) tube plate. The welded samples are found to have satisfactory joint strength and the Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) study showed that inter metallic compound is absent in the weld zone. The different weld joints have been identified and the phase composition is found using EDX and XRD. Microstructures have been analyzed using optical and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties such as hardness, compressive shear strength and peel test for different weld conditions are studied and the hardness survey revealed that there is increase in hardness at the weld interface due to grain refinement. The corrosion behavior for different weld conditions have been analyzed and the weld zone is found to have better corrosion resistance due to the influence of the grain refinement after FWTPET welding process. Hence, the present investigation is carried out to study the behavior of friction welded dissimilar joints of SA 213 tube and SA 387 tube plate joints and the results are presented. The present study confirms that a high quality tube to tube plate joint can be achieved using FWTPET process at 1120 rpm.

  11. Desafios da Saúde Global para a educação de profissionais de saúde: (re)definição de modos de produção de conhecimento em iniciativas de combate às desigualdades de saúde

    OpenAIRE

    Ferreira, Patrícia Moreira

    2013-01-01

    O artigo parte da discussão de uma das dimensões associadas à Saúde Global - o seu envolvimento nas dinâmicas de produção de conhecimento “globalizado” sobre saúde, na sua disseminação através de modelos de transferência de conhecimento e implementação em diversos locais ou lugares. Argumenta-se que os programas de educação de profissionais de saúde, inseridos em iniciativas de Saúde Global de combate às desigualdades de saúde, se sustenta em orientações definidas internacionalmente que promo...

  12. Mathematical and field analysis of longitudinal reservoir infill

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ke, W. T.; Capart, H.

    2016-12-01

    In reservoirs, severe problems are caused by infilled sediment deposits. In long term, the sediment accumulation reduces the capacity of reservoir storage and flood control benefits. In the short term, the sediment deposits influence the intakes of water-supply and hydroelectricity generation. For the management of reservoir, it is important to understand the deposition process and then to predict the sedimentation in reservoir. To investigate the behaviors of sediment deposits, we propose a one-dimensional simplified theory derived by the Exner equation to predict the longitudinal sedimentation distribution in idealized reservoirs. The theory models the reservoir infill geomorphic actions for three scenarios: delta progradation, near-dam bottom deposition, and final infill. These yield three kinds of self-similar analytical solutions for the reservoir bed profiles, under different boundary conditions. Three analytical solutions are composed by error function, complementary error function, and imaginary error function, respectively. The theory is also computed by finite volume method to test the analytical solutions. The theoretical and numerical predictions are in good agreement with one-dimensional small-scale laboratory experiment. As the theory is simple to apply with analytical solutions and numerical computation, we propose some applications to simulate the long-profile evolution of field reservoirs and focus on the infill sediment deposit volume resulting the uplift of near-dam bottom elevation. These field reservoirs introduced here are Wushe Reservoir, Tsengwen Reservoir, Mudan Reservoir in Taiwan, Lago Dos Bocas in Puerto Rico, and Sakuma Dam in Japan.

  13. Phytoplankton and water quality in a Mediterranean drinking-water reservoir (Marathonas Reservoir, Greece).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Katsiapi, Matina; Moustaka-Gouni, Maria; Michaloudi, Evangelia; Kormas, Konstantinos Ar

    2011-10-01

    Phytoplankton and water quality of Marathonas drinking-water Reservoir were examined for the first time. During the study period (July-September 2007), phytoplankton composition was indicative of eutrophic conditions although phytoplankton biovolume was low (max. 2.7 mm³ l⁻¹). Phytoplankton was dominated by cyanobacteria and diatoms, whereas desmids and dinoflagellates contributed with lower biovolume values. Changing flushing rate in the reservoir (up to 0.7% of reservoir's water volume per day) driven by water withdrawal and occurring in pulses for a period of 15-25 days was associated with phytoplankton dynamics. Under flushing pulses: (1) biovolume was low and (2) both 'good' quality species and the tolerant to flushing 'nuisance' cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa dominated. According to the Water Framework Directive, the metrics of phytoplankton biovolume and cyanobacterial percentage (%) contribution indicated a moderate ecological water quality. In addition, the total biovolume of cyanobacteria as well as the dominance of the known toxin-producing M. aeruginosa in the reservoir's phytoplankton indicated a potential hazard for human health according to the World Health Organization.

  14. AUTOMATED TECHNIQUE FOR FLOW MEASUREMENTS FROM MARIOTTE RESERVOIRS.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Constantz, Jim; Murphy, Fred

    1987-01-01

    The mariotte reservoir supplies water at a constant hydraulic pressure by self-regulation of its internal gas pressure. Automated outflow measurements from mariotte reservoirs are generally difficult because of the reservoir's self-regulation mechanism. This paper describes an automated flow meter specifically designed for use with mariotte reservoirs. The flow meter monitors changes in the mariotte reservoir's gas pressure during outflow to determine changes in the reservoir's water level. The flow measurement is performed by attaching a pressure transducer to the top of a mariotte reservoir and monitoring gas pressure changes during outflow with a programmable data logger. The advantages of the new automated flow measurement techniques include: (i) the ability to rapidly record a large range of fluxes without restricting outflow, and (ii) the ability to accurately average the pulsing flow, which commonly occurs during outflow from the mariotte reservoir.

  15. The role of charge transfer in the oxidation state change of Ce atoms in the TM13-CeO2(111) systems (TM = Pd, Ag, Pt, Au): a DFT + U investigation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tereshchuk, Polina; Freire, Rafael L H; Ungureanu, Crina G; Seminovski, Yohanna; Kiejna, Adam; Da Silva, Juarez L F

    2015-05-28

    Despite extensive studies of transition metal (TM) clusters supported on ceria (CeO2), fundamental issues such as the role of the TM atoms in the change in the oxidation state of Ce atoms are still not well understood. In this work, we report a theoretical investigation based on static and ab initio molecular dynamics density functional theory calculations of the interaction of 13-atom TM clusters (TM = Pd, Ag, Pt, Au) with the unreduced CeO2(111) surface represented by a large surface unit cell and employing Hubbard corrections for the strong on-site Coulomb correlation in the Ce f-electrons. We found that the TM13 clusters form pyramidal-like structures on CeO2(111) in the lowest energy configurations with the following stacking sequence, TM/TM4/TM8/CeO2(111), while TM13 adopts two-dimensional structures at high energy structures. TM13 induces a change in the oxidation state of few Ce atoms (3 of 16) located in the topmost Ce layer from Ce(IV) (itinerant Ce f-states) to Ce(III) (localized Ce f-states). There is a charge flow from the TM atoms to the CeO2(111) surface, which can be explained by the electronegativity difference between the TM (Pd, Ag, Pt, Au) and O atoms, however, the charge is not uniformly distributed on the topmost O layer due to the pressure induced by the TM13 clusters on the underlying O ions, which yields a decrease in the ionic charge of the O ions located below the cluster and an increase in the remaining O ions. Due to the charge flow mainly from the TM8-layer to the topmost O-layer, the charge cannot flow from the Ce(IV) atoms to the O atoms with the same magnitude as in the clean CeO2(111) surface. Consequently, the effective cationic charge decreases mainly for the Ce atoms that have a bond with the O atoms not located below the cluster, and hence, those Ce atoms change their oxidation state from IV to III. This increases the size of the Ce(III) compared with the Ce(IV) cations, which builds-in a strain within the topmost Ce layer, and

  16. Monitoring Reservoirs Using MERIS And LANDSAT Fused Images : A Case Study Of Polyfitos Reservoir - West Macedonia - Greece

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stefouli, M.; Charou, E.; Vasileiou, E.; Stathopoulos, N.; Perrakis, A.

    2012-04-01

    Research and monitoring is essential to assess baseline conditions in reservoirs and their watershed and provide necessary information to guide decision-makers. Erosion and degradation of mountainous areas can lead to gradual aggradation of reservoirs reducing their lifetime. Collected measurements and observations have to be communicated to the managers of the reservoirs so as to achieve a common / comprehensive management of a large watershed and reservoir system. At this point Remote Sensing could help as the remotely sensed data are repeatedly and readily available to the end users. Aliakmon is the longest river in Greece, it's length is about 297 km and the surface of the river basin is 9.210 km2.The flow of the river starts from Northwest of Greece and ends in Thermaikos Gulf. The riverbed is not natural throughout the entire route, because constructed dams restrict water and create artificial lakes, such as lake of Polyfitos, that prevent flooding. This lake is used as reservoir, for covering irrigational water needs and the water is used to produce energy from the hydroelectric plant of Public Power Corporation-PPC. The catchment basin of Polyfitos' reservoir covers an area of 847.76 km2. Soil erosion - degradation in the mountainous watershed of streams of Polyfitos reservoir is taking place. It has been estimated that an annual volume of sediments reaching the reservoir is of the order of 244 m3. Geomatic based techniques are used in processing multiple data of the study area. A data inventory was formulated after the acquisition of topographic maps, compilation of geological and hydro-geological maps, compilation of digital elevation model for the area of interest based on satellite data and available maps. It also includes the acquisition of various hydro-meteorological data when available. On the basis of available maps and satellite data, digital elevation models are used in order to delineate the basic sub-catchments of the Polyfytos basin as well as

  17. SEISMIC DETERMINATION OF RESERVOIR HETEROGENEITY: APPLICATION TO THE CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY OIL RESERVOIRS

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Matthias G. Imhof; James W. Castle

    2005-02-01

    The objective of the project was to examine how seismic and geologic data can be used to improve characterization of small-scale heterogeneity and their parameterization in reservoir models. The study focused on West Coalinga Field in California. The project initially attempted to build reservoir models based on different geologic and geophysical data independently using different tools, then to compare the results, and ultimately to integrate them all. We learned, however, that this strategy was impractical. The different data and tools need to be integrated from the beginning because they are all interrelated. This report describes a new approach to geostatistical modeling and presents an integration of geology and geophysics to explain the formation of the complex Coalinga reservoir.

  18. Pokročilé možnosti tvarování datového toku v OS Linux pro sítě 802.3 a 802.11

    OpenAIRE

    Pánek, Michal

    2013-01-01

    Táto bakalárska práca sa zaoberá možnosťami tvarovania a kontroly dátového toku, v operačnom systéme Linux. Prvá časť práce sa zaoberá preskúmaním jednotlivých ná- strojov potrebných pre prácu s dátovým tokom. Druhá časť práce sa zaoberá metodamy určenými na tvarovanie dátového toku. Z tých boli vybrané a popísané metody, určené pre použitie v štandartoch 802.3 a 802.11. Práca sa v druhej časti zamerala na me- tody Hierarchical Token Bucket a Class-based queueing. Tretia časť práce je praktic...

  19. 114-----------------------------~---------RE-SO-NANCEIDe-ce-mb-er

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Abel (7) 28 (GA). Adams J F (2) 8 (SA). Ageing (8) 67 (RN). Age-specific mortality rate (8) 67 (RN). Albert Einstein - The man behind the myths by. John Stachel (8) 76 (RF). Algebra (1) 8 (SA). Algebra in ancient and modern times by. V S Varadarajan (6) 80 (BR). Algebraic integers (7) 28 (GA). Algebraic number theory (7) 28 ...

  20. Comparison of Efficiencies and Mechanisms of Catalytic Ozonation of Recalcitrant Petroleum Refinery Wastewater by Ce, Mg, and Ce-Mg Oxides Loaded Al2O3

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chunmao Chen

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available The use of catalytic ozonation processes (COPs for the advanced treatment of recalcitrant petroleum refinery wastewater (RPRW is rapidly expanding. In this study, magnesium (Mg, cerium (Ce, and Mg-Ce oxide-loaded alumina (Al2O3 were developed as cost efficient catalysts for ozonation treatment of RPRW, having performance metrics that meet new discharge standards. Interactions between the metal oxides and the Al2O3 support influence the catalytic properties, as well as the efficiency and mechanism. Mg-Ce/Al2O3 (Mg-Ce/Al2O3-COP reduced the chemical oxygen demand by 4.7%, 4.1%, 6.0%, and 17.5% relative to Mg/Al2O3-COP, Ce/Al2O3-COP, Al2O3-COP, and single ozonation, respectively. The loaded composite metal oxides significantly increased the hydroxyl radical-mediated oxidation. Surface hydroxyl groups (–OHs are the dominant catalytic active sites on Al2O3. These active surface –OHs along with the deposited metal oxides (Mg2+ and/or Ce4+ increased the catalytic activity. The Mg-Ce/Al2O3 catalyst can be economically produced, has high efficiency, and is stable under acidic and alkaline conditions.

  1. Saúde mental e trabalho: os problemas que persistem

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leny Sato

    Full Text Available Este artigo toma por objeto a Saúde Mental e Trabalho como uma subárea do campo da Saúde do Trabalhador. Parte da constatação de que os problemas de saúde mental e trabalho, já identificados em meados da década de 1980, persistem. Após retomar a taxonomia de tais problemas, busca evidenciar algumas de suas expressões atuais a partir da assistência e da vigilância em saúde do trabalhador, bem como pela perspectiva de alguns sindicatos mais atentos à questão. Para tal, toma como ponto de partida o Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador (CRST de Campinas. Por fim, pontua algumas características do trabalho no contexto atual para compreender as motivações dessa persistência.

  2. Development of Reservoir Characterization Techniques and Production Models for Exploiting Naturally Fractured Reservoirs

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wiggins, Michael L.; Brown, Raymon L.; Civan, Frauk; Hughes, Richard G.

    2001-08-15

    Research continues on characterizing and modeling the behavior of naturally fractured reservoir systems. Work has progressed on developing techniques for estimating fracture properties from seismic and well log data, developing naturally fractured wellbore models, and developing a model to characterize the transfer of fluid from the matrix to the fracture system for use in the naturally fractured reservoir simulator.

  3. Chickamauga reservoir embayment study - 1990

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Meinert, D.L.; Butkus, S.R.; McDonough, T.A.

    1992-12-01

    The objectives of this report are three-fold: (1) assess physical, chemical, and biological conditions in the major embayments of Chickamauga Reservoir; (2) compare water quality and biological conditions of embayments with main river locations; and (3) identify any water quality concerns in the study embayments that may warrant further investigation and/or management actions. Embayments are important areas of reservoirs to be considered when assessments are made to support water quality management plans. In general, embayments, because of their smaller size (water surface areas usually less than 1000 acres), shallower morphometry (average depth usually less than 10 feet), and longer detention times (frequently a month or more), exhibit more extreme responses to pollutant loadings and changes in land use than the main river region of the reservoir. Consequently, embayments are often at greater risk of water quality impairments (e.g. nutrient enrichment, filling and siltation, excessive growths of aquatic plants, algal blooms, low dissolved oxygen concentrations, bacteriological contamination, etc.). Much of the secondary beneficial use of reservoirs occurs in embayments (viz. marinas, recreation areas, parks and beaches, residential development, etc.). Typically embayments comprise less than 20 percent of the surface area of a reservoir, but they often receive 50 percent or more of the water-oriented recreational use of the reservoir. This intensive recreational use creates a potential for adverse use impacts if poor water quality and aquatic conditions exist in an embayment.

  4. Facile hydrothermal synthesis of CeO2 nanopebbles

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Administrator

    However, to the best of our knowledge the reports on the synthesis of CeO2 ... The base pressure of the XAS chamber was in the range of 10–8 Pa. A Shimadzu ... scopy was investigated to confirm the crystalline quality of CeO2 nanopebbles.

  5. Study of structural and transport properties of nanostructured CeO{sub 2}, Ce{sub 1-x}Ru{sub x}O{sub 2} and Ce{sub 1-x}In{sub x}O{sub 2} thin films

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rangel, R.; Chavez-Chavez, L. [Division de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ingenieria Quimica, Universidad Michoacana de S.N.H. (Mexico); Martinez, E. [Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Nuevo Leon (Mexico); Bartolo-Perez, P. [Departamento de Fisica Aplicada, CINVESTAV-IPN, Merida, Yucatan (Mexico)

    2012-06-15

    The present work reports for the first time thin films prepared from Ce{sub 1-x}M{sub x}O{sub 2-{delta}} (M = Ru, In) solid solutions for application as gas sensors. The CeO{sub 2}, Ce{sub 0.95}Ru{sub 0.05}O{sub 2} and Ce{sub 0.95}In{sub 0.05}O{sub 2} thin films were prepared by means of the RF sputtering process onto Si (111) substrates. The deposition conditions were carried out at 500 C varying the deposition time. Targets were prepared via sol-gel process starting from C{sub 6}H{sub 9}O{sub 6}In, Ru{sub 3}(CO){sub 12} and Ce(C{sub 2}H{sub 3}O{sub 2}){sub 3} . 1.5H{sub 2}O compounds and using a ceramic method to consolidate them. The samples were characterized by means of XRD, SEM, and AFM. Their thickness was measured using a profilometer. The results herein obtained regarding the microstructure and transport properties indicate that these materials can be used as gas sensors. (Copyright copyright 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

  6. Ultraviolet and near-infrared luminescence of LaBO3:Ce3+,Yb3+

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wei, Heng-Wei; Shao, Li-Ming; Jiao, Huan; Jing, Xi-Ping

    2018-01-01

    Ce3+ or Yb3+ singly doped LaBO3 and Ce3+-Yb3+ co-doped LaBO3 were prepared by conventional solid state reactions at 1100 °C and their photoluminescence (PL) properties were investigated. The emission spectrum of LaBO3:Ce3+,Yb3+ contains both the Ce3+ ultraviolet (UV) emissions (355 nm and 380 nm) and the Yb3+ near infrared (NIR) emission (975 nm) when excited by the UV light at 270 nm. By using the data of the Ce3+ decay curves and the PL intensities of both Ce3+ and Yb3+, the energy transfer efficiency (η) from Ce3+ to Yb3+, the actual energy transfer efficiency (AE) and the quantum efficiency (Q) of the Yb3+ emission were calculated. In the Ce3+-Yb3+ co-doped LaBO3, Ce3+ can transfer its absorbed energy to Yb3+ efficiently (η can be over 60%), and Yb3+ shows the Q value over 50% when it accepts the energy from Ce3+, which results in the low AE value ∼30%. The energy transfer process from Ce3+ to Yb3+ may be understood by the charge transfer mechanism: Ce3+ + Yb3+ ↔ Ce4+ + Yb2+. Particularly the Ce3+-Yb3+ co-doped LaBO3 phosphor gives the emissions mainly in the UV range and the NIR range with a portion of visible emissions in eye-insensitive range. This unique property may be suitable for applications in anti-counterfeiting techniques and public security affairs.

  7. Implementace OpenVPN na platformě Windows CE

    OpenAIRE

    Ešner, Oldřich

    2008-01-01

    Motivací pro vznik této diplomové práce, která navazuje na stejnojmenný semestrální projekt, byl převod aplikace pro tvorbu virtuálních privátních sítí OpenVPN z operačního systému Windows XP na platformu Windows CE Embedded 6.0. Práce pojednává obecně o virtuálních privátních sítích, a podrobněji o jedné z jejich implementací - OpenVPN. Uvádí základní vlastnosti operačního systému Windows CE, dále popisuje princip ovladačů zařízení v operačních systémech na bázi Windows NT, používaný Windows...

  8. Application of integrated reservoir management and reservoir characterization to optimize infill drilling, Class II

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bergeron, Jack; Blasingame, Tom; Doublet, Louis; Kelkar, Mohan; Freeman, George; Callard, Jeff; Moore, David; Davies, David; Vessell, Richard; Pregger, Brian; Dixon, Bill; Bezant, Bryce

    2000-03-16

    The major purpose of this project was to demonstrate the use of cost effective reservoir characterization and management tools that will be helpful to both independent and major operators for the optimal development of heterogeneous, low permeability carbonate reservoirs such as the North Robertson (Clearfork) Unit.

  9. Investigating the capability of ToF-SIMS to determine the oxidation state of Ce

    Science.gov (United States)

    Seed Ahmed, H. A. A.; Swart, H. C.; Kroon, R. E.

    2018-04-01

    The capability of time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) to determine the oxidation state of Ce ions doped in a phosphor was investigated. Two samples of SiO2:Ce (4 mol%) with known Ce3+/Ce4+ relative concentrations were subjected to ToF-SIMS measurements. The spectra were very similar and no significant differences in the relative peak intensities were observed that would readily allow one to distinguish Ce3+ from Ce4+. Although ToF-SIMS was therefore not useful to distinguish the charge state of Ce ions doped in this phosphor material, the idea in principle was also tested on two other samples, namely CeF3 and CeF4 These contain Ce as part of the host (i.e. much higher concentration) and are fluorides, which is significant because ToF-SIMS has previously been reported to be able to distinguish Eu2+ from Eu3+ in Eu doped Sr5(PO4)3F phosphor. The spectrum of CeF4 contained a small peak related to Ce4+ which was not observed in the CeF3 spectrum, yet the peak related to the Ce3+ ions was found to be much more intense in the spectrum of CeF4 than CeF3, showing that the ToF-SIMS signals cannot be directly interpreted as retaining the charge state of the ions in the original material. Nevertheless, the significant differences in the Ce-related peaks in the ToF-SIMS spectra from CeF3 and CeF4 show that the charge state of Ce may be distinguished. This study shows that while in principle ToF-SIMS may be used to distinguish the charge state of Ce ions, this depends on the sample and it would not be easy to interpret the spectra without a standard or reference.

  10. A novel gamma-ray detector with submillimeter resolutions using a monolithic MPPC array with pixelized Ce:LYSO and Ce:GGAG crystals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kato, T., E-mail: katou.frme.8180@asagi.waseda.jp [Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1, Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo (Japan); Kataoka, J.; Nakamori, T.; Miura, T.; Matsuda, H.; Kishimoto, A. [Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1, Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo (Japan); Sato, K.; Ishikawa, Y.; Yamamura, K.; Nakamura, S.; Kawabata, N. [Solid State Division, Hamamatsu Photonics K. K., 1126-1, Ichino-cho, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka (Japan); Ikeda, H. [ISAS/JAXA, 3-1-1, Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa (Japan); Yamamoto, S. [Kobe City College of Technology, 8-3, Gakuenhigashimati, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyougo 651-2194 (Japan); Kamada, K. [Materials Research Laboratory, Furukawa Co., Ltd., 1-25-13, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856 (Japan)

    2013-01-21

    We have developed a large-area monolithic Multi-Pixel Photon Counter (MPPC) array consisting of 4×4 channels with a three-side buttable package. Each channel has a photosensitive area of 3×3 mm{sup 2} and 3600 Geiger mode avalanche photodiodes (APDs). For typical operational gain of 7.5×10{sup 5} at +20 °C, gain fluctuation over the entire MPPC device is only ±5.6%, and dark count rates (as measured at the 1 p.e. level) amount to ≤400kcps per channel. We first fabricated a gamma-ray camera consisting of the MPPC array with one-to-one coupling to a Ce-doped (Lu,Y){sub 2}(SiO{sub 4})O (Ce:LYSO) crystal array (4×4 array of 3×3×10 mm{sup 3} crystals). Energy and time resolutions of 11.5±0.5% (FWHM at 662 keV) and 493±22ps were obtained, respectively. When using the charge division resistor network, which compiles signals into four position-encoded analog outputs, the ultimate positional resolution is estimated as 0.19 mm in both X and Y directions, while energy resolution of 10.2±0.4% (FWHM) was obtained. Finally, we fabricated submillimeter Ce:LYSO and Ce-doped Gd{sub 3}Ga{sub 3}Al{sub 2}O{sub 12} (Ce:GGAG) scintillator matrices each consisting of 1.0×1.0, 0.7×0.7 and 0.5×0.5 mm{sup 2} pixels, to further improve the spatial resolution. In all types of Ce:LYSO and Ce:GGAG matrices, each crystal was clearly resolved in the position histograms when irradiated by a {sup 137}Cs source. The energy resolutions for 662 keV gamma-rays for each Ce:LYSO and Ce:GGAG scintillator matrix were ≤14.3%. These results suggest excellent potential for its use as a high spatial medical imaging device, particularly in positron emission tomography (PET). -- Highlights: ► We developed a newly designed large-area monolithic MPPC array. ► We obtained fine gain uniformity, and good energy and time resolutions when coupled to the LYSO scintillator. ► We fabricated gamma-ray camera consisting of the MPPC array and submillimeter pixelized LYSO and GGAG scintillators. ► In

  11. R4SA for Controlling Robots

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aghazarian, Hrand

    2009-01-01

    The R4SA GUI mentioned in the immediately preceding article is a userfriendly interface for controlling one or more robot(s). This GUI makes it possible to perform meaningful real-time field experiments and research in robotics at an unmatched level of fidelity, within minutes of setup. It provides such powerful graphing modes as that of a digitizing oscilloscope that displays up to 250 variables at rates between 1 and 200 Hz. This GUI can be configured as multiple intuitive interfaces for acquisition of data, command, and control to enable rapid testing of subsystems or an entire robot system while simultaneously performing analysis of data. The R4SA software establishes an intuitive component-based design environment that can be easily reconfigured for any robotic platform by creating or editing setup configuration files. The R4SA GUI enables event-driven and conditional sequencing similar to those of Mars Exploration Rover (MER) operations. It has been certified as part of the MER ground support equipment and, therefore, is allowed to be utilized in conjunction with MER flight hardware. The R4SA GUI could also be adapted to use in embedded computing systems, other than that of the MER, for commanding and real-time analysis of data.

  12. Preparation and characterization of Ce-doped HfO{sub 2} nanoparticles

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gálvez-Barboza, S. [Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo #140, C.P. 25294 Saltillo, Coahuila (Mexico); Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Industria Metalúrgica # 1062 Parque Industrial, C.P. 25900 Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila (Mexico); González, L.A. [Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Industria Metalúrgica # 1062 Parque Industrial, C.P. 25900 Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila (Mexico); Puente-Urbina, B.A.; Saucedo-Salazar, E.M. [Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo #140, C.P. 25294 Saltillo, Coahuila (Mexico); García-Cerda, L.A., E-mail: luis.garcia@ciqa.edu.mx [Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo #140, C.P. 25294 Saltillo, Coahuila (Mexico)

    2015-09-15

    Highlights: • Ce-doped HfO{sub 2} nanoparticles were prepared by a modified solgel method. • Ce-doped HfO{sub 2} nanoparticles have a semispherical shape with sizes between 6 and 11.5 nm. • The samples doped with 10% in weight of Ce directly crystallized in a cubic structure. • A quick, straightforward and effective route for the preparation of Ce-doped nanoparticles. - Abstract: A modified solgel method to synthesize Ce-doped HfO{sub 2} nanoparticles was carried out using a precursor material prepared with cerium nitrate, hafnium chloride, citric acid and ethylene glycol. The obtained precursor material was calcined at 500 and 700 °C for 2 h in air. The influence of the concentration of Ce and the calcination temperature was studied to observe the structural and morphological changes of the obtained materials. For the characterization, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman scattering (RS) were employed. The XRD patterns shown that the Ce-doped HfO{sub 2} undergoes a structural transformation from monoclinic to cubic phase, which is significantly dependent on the Ce content and calcination temperature. TEM images have also confirmed the existence of semispherical nanoparticles with sizes between 6 and 11.5 nm.

  13. Reservoir Identification: Parameter Characterization or Feature Classification

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cao, J.

    2017-12-01

    The ultimate goal of oil and gas exploration is to find the oil or gas reservoirs with industrial mining value. Therefore, the core task of modern oil and gas exploration is to identify oil or gas reservoirs on the seismic profiles. Traditionally, the reservoir is identify by seismic inversion of a series of physical parameters such as porosity, saturation, permeability, formation pressure, and so on. Due to the heterogeneity of the geological medium, the approximation of the inversion model and the incompleteness and noisy of the data, the inversion results are highly uncertain and must be calibrated or corrected with well data. In areas where there are few wells or no well, reservoir identification based on seismic inversion is high-risk. Reservoir identification is essentially a classification issue. In the identification process, the underground rocks are divided into reservoirs with industrial mining value and host rocks with non-industrial mining value. In addition to the traditional physical parameters classification, the classification may be achieved using one or a few comprehensive features. By introducing the concept of seismic-print, we have developed a new reservoir identification method based on seismic-print analysis. Furthermore, we explore the possibility to use deep leaning to discover the seismic-print characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs. Preliminary experiments have shown that the deep learning of seismic data could distinguish gas reservoirs from host rocks. The combination of both seismic-print analysis and seismic deep learning is expected to be a more robust reservoir identification method. The work was supported by NSFC under grant No. 41430323 and No. U1562219, and the National Key Research and Development Program under Grant No. 2016YFC0601

  14. FIRST-PRINCIPLES PHASE DIAGRAM OF THE Ce-Th SYSTEM

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Landa, A; Soderlind, P

    2005-01-01

    Actinide physics has seen a remarkable focus the last decade or so due to the combination of improved experimental diamond-anvil-cell techniques and the development of fast computers and more advanced theory. All f-electron systems are expected to have multiphase phase diagrams due to the sensitivity of the f-electron band to external influences such as pressure and temperature. For instance, compression of an f-electron metal generally causes the occupation of f-states to change due to the shift of these bands relative to others. This can in some cases, as in the Ce-Th system, cause the crystal to adopt a lower symmetry structure at elevated pressures. Here we study the phase stabilities of Ce, Th, and the Ce-Th system as a function of compression. Theoretically, both Ce and Th metals are rather well described within the DFT, although a proper treatment of the Ce-Th alloys has not yet been presented. In the present paper we revisit this problem by applying the modern theory of random alloys based on the coherent potential approximation (CPA)

  15. An environmental data base for all Hydro-Quebec reservoirs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Demers, C.

    1988-01-01

    Hydro-Quebec has created two management positions specifically for reservoirs, namely Reservoir Ecology Advisor and Reservoir Management Advisor. To assist management decisions, a means was required of bringing together all existing environmental information for each reservoir operated by Hydro-Quebec, including storage reservoirs, auxiliary reservoirs and forebays. A relational database using Reflex software was developed on a network of Macintosh computers. The database contains five blocks of information: general information, and physical, physiochemical, biologic and socioeconomic characteristics for each reservoir. Data will be collected on over 100 sites, and the tool will form the basis for developing a medium-range study program on reservoir ecology. The program must take into account the physical, biological and socioeconomic aspects of the environment, as well as the concerns of management personnel operating the reservoirs, the local population, reservoir users, and various government departments. 2 figs

  16. Surface nucleation and independent growth of Ce(OH)4 within confinement space on modified carbon black surface to prepare nano-CeO2 without agglomeration

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Xinyue; Xia, Chunhui; Li, Kaitao; Lin, Yanjun

    2018-04-01

    Highly dispersed negative carboxyl groups can be formed on carbon black (CB) surface modified with strong nitric acid. Therefore positive cations can be uniformly absorbed by carboxyl groups and precipitated within a confinement space on modified CB surface to prepare highly dispersed nanomaterials. In this paper, the formation and dispersion status of surface negative carboxyl groups, adsorption status of Ce3+, surface confinement nucleation, crystallization and calcination process were studied by EDS, SEM, and laser particle size analysis. The results show that the carboxyl groups formed on modified CB surface are highly dispersed, and Ce3+ cations can be uniformly anchored by carboxyl groups. Therefore, highly dispersed Ce3+ can react with OH- within a confinement surface region to form positive nano-Ce(OH)4 nuclei which also can be adsorbed by electrostatic attraction. After independent growth of Ce(OH)4 without agglomeration, highly dispersed CeO2 nanoparticles without agglomeration can be prepared together with the help of effectively isolates by CO2 released in the combustion of CB.

  17. The magnetic properties of Ce/Pd surface alloys investigated using DFT

    KAUST Repository

    Shuttleworth, I.G.

    2014-06-01

    The surface alloys that form between Ce and Pd(1 1 1), Pd(1 0 0) and both unreconstructed and missing-row type Pd(1 1 0) at low Ce coverage ( θCe=19ML) have shown permanent magnetism that is mediated in part by an RKKY-like delocalized Ce 6s-Pd 5s interaction. The Pd 4d states are significantly affected by alloying and their behavior cannot be explained by a purely spin-dependent Hamiltonian. Experimental observations of changes to the Pd 4d states are explained and the implications of Ce/Pd magnetism in reforming catalysis are discussed. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  18. The magnetic properties of Ce/Pd surface alloys investigated using DFT

    KAUST Repository

    Shuttleworth, I.G.

    2014-01-01

    The surface alloys that form between Ce and Pd(1 1 1), Pd(1 0 0) and both unreconstructed and missing-row type Pd(1 1 0) at low Ce coverage ( θCe=19ML) have shown permanent magnetism that is mediated in part by an RKKY-like delocalized Ce 6s-Pd 5s interaction. The Pd 4d states are significantly affected by alloying and their behavior cannot be explained by a purely spin-dependent Hamiltonian. Experimental observations of changes to the Pd 4d states are explained and the implications of Ce/Pd magnetism in reforming catalysis are discussed. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  19. Improving reservoir history matching of EM heated heavy oil reservoirs via cross-well seismic tomography

    KAUST Repository

    Katterbauer, Klemens; Hoteit, Ibrahim

    2014-01-01

    process. While becoming a promising technology for heavy oil recovery, its effect on overall reservoir production and fluid displacements are poorly understood. Reservoir history matching has become a vital tool for the oil & gas industry to increase

  20. Ecological operation for Three Gorges Reservoir

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wen-xian Guo

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available The traditional operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir has mainly focused on water for flood control, power generation, navigation, water supply, and recreation, and given less attention to the negative impacts of reservoir operation on the river ecosystem. In order to reduce the negative influence of reservoir operation, ecological operation of the reservoir should be studied with a focus on maintaining a healthy river ecosystem. This study considered ecological operation targets, including maintaining the river environmental flow and protecting the spawning and reproduction of the Chinese sturgeon and four major Chinese carps. Using flow data from 1900 to 2006 at the Yichang gauging station as the control station data for the Yangtze River, the minimal and optimal river environmental flows were analyzed, and eco-hydrological targets for the Chinese sturgeon and four major Chinese carps in the Yangtze River were calculated. This paper proposes a reservoir ecological operation model, which comprehensively considers flood control, power generation, navigation, and the ecological environment. Three typical periods, wet, normal, and dry years, were selected, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to analyze the model. The results show that ecological operation modes have different effects on the economic benefit of the hydropower station, and the reservoir ecological operation model can simulate the flood pulse for the requirements of spawning of the Chinese sturgeon and four major Chinese carps. According to the results, by adopting a suitable re-operation scheme, the hydropower benefit of the reservoir will not decrease dramatically while the ecological demand is met. The results provide a reference for designing reasonable operation schemes for the Three Gorges Reservoir.

  1. Assessing Hubbard-corrected AM05+U and PBEsol+U density functionals for strongly correlated oxides CeO_2 and Ce_2O_3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Weck, Philippe F.; Kim, Eunja

    2016-01-01

    The structure–property relationships of bulk CeO_2 and Ce_2O_3 have been investigated using AM05 and PBEsol exchange–correlation functionals within the frameworks of Hubbard-corrected density functional theory (DFT+U) and density functional perturbation theory (DFPT+U). Compared with conventional PBE+U, RPBE+U, PW91+U and LDA+U functionals, AM05+U and PBEsol+U describe experimental crystalline parameters and properties of CeO_2 and Ce_2O_3 with superior accuracy, especially when +U is chosen close to its value derived by the linear-response approach. Lastly, the present findings call for a reexamination of some of the problematic oxide materials featuring strong f- and d-electron correlation using AM05+U and PBEsol+U.

  2. Maximizing reservoir exposure with proactive well placement in high geological complexity field of Venezuelan Orinoco Belt

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Castaneda, Luis; Leon, Maryesther; Meunier, Antoine [Schlumberger, Caracas (Venezuela); Lara, Manuel; Herrera, Yoanna; Granado, Miguel [Petrolera Indovenezolana S.A. (PIV), El Tigre (Venezuela)

    2012-07-01

    In 2010, Petrolera Indovenezolana S.A. (PIV), a joint venture between Corporacion Venezolana del Petroleo (CVP) and the Indian company ONGC Videsh Limited (OVL), started planning for two horizontal wells in the Norte Zuata (San Cristobal) field in the Orinoco belt of eastern Venezuela. The focus for this campaign was to evaluate the productivity of horizontal wells in thin sands and avoid areas of complex geology because of the high uncertainty in the structural behavior, applying technology that provided absolute control of the drilling process into the Oficina formation. Within the Oficina formation, thin sand reservoirs with variations in thickness and dip, geologically facies changes and sub seismic faults presented the main challenge to geosteering a horizontal well. Because the project faced high geological uncertainties, a pilot hole was drilled as the first stage in the first well to verify the structural levels and the continuity of the sand bodies. To achieve the above challenges, the combination of a rotary steerable system (RSS) 'point-the-bit' and a deep azimuthal electromagnetic resistivity tool (DAEMR) was used. The measurements provided accurate information to the well-placement engineers for proactive decisions in real time, mitigating the possible loss of the target by these geologic uncertainties. High-quality and valuable data for real time geological model update were the expected results obtained from the effort made by PIV in the Norte Zuata (San Cristobal) field, and the data showed the oil-producing potential of one of the main reservoir (Sand F,G). This application of high-tier technologies demonstrated that drilling and data measurements can be improved and optimized to yield added value for reservoir development and 100% net to gross (NTG) targets. This reduces operational cost, makes it possible to drill in the right place the first time, and pushes forward the limit of the achievable in terms of reservoir exposure. (author)

  3. Crystal growth and magnetic properties of equiatomic CeAl

    Science.gov (United States)

    Das, Pranab Kumar; Thamizhavel, A.

    2015-03-01

    Single crystal of CeAl has been grown by flux method using Ce-Al self-flux. Several needle like single crystals were obtained and the length of the needle corresponds to the [001] crystallographic direction. Powder x-ray diffraction revealed that CeAl crystallizes in orthorhombic CrB-type structure with space group Cmcm (no. 63). The magnetic properties have been investigated by means of magnetic susceptibility, isothermal magnetization, electrical transport, and heat capacity measurements. CeAl is found to order antiferromagnetically with a Neel temperature TN = 10 K. The magnetization data below the ordering temperature reveals two metamagentic transitions for fields less than 20 kOe. From the inverse magnetic susceptibility an effective moment of 2.66 μB/Ce has been estimated, which indicates that Ce is in its trivalent state. Electrical resistivity data clearly shows a sharp drop at 10 K due to the reduction of spin disorder scattering of conduction electrons thus confirming the magnetic ordering. The estimated residual resistivity ratio (RRR) is 33, thus indicating a good quality of the single crystal. The bulk nature of the magnetic ordering is also confirmed by heat capacity data. From the Schottky anomaly of the heat capacity we have estimated the crystal field level splitting energies of the (2J + 1) degenerate ground state as 25 K and 175 K respectively for the fist and second excited states.

  4. Functional age as an indicator of reservoir senescence

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miranda, Leandro E.; Krogman, R. M.

    2015-01-01

    It has been conjectured that reservoirs differ in the rate at which they manifest senescence, but no attempt has been made to find an indicator of senescence that performs better than chronological age. We assembled an indicator of functional age by creating a multimetric scale consisting of 10 metrics descriptive of reservoir environments that were expected to change directionally with reservoir senescence. In a sample of 1,022 U.S. reservoirs, chronological age was not correlated with functional age. Functional age was directly related to percentage of cultivated land in the catchment and inversely related to reservoir depth. Moreover, aspects of reservoir fishing quality and fish population characteristics were related to functional age. A multimetric scale to indicate reservoir functional age presents the possibility for management intervention from multiple angles. If a reservoir is functionally aging at an accelerated rate, action may be taken to remedy the conditions contributing most to functional age. Intervention to reduce scores of selected metrics in the scale can potentially reduce the rate of senescence and increase the life expectancy of the reservoir. This leads to the intriguing implication that steps can be taken to reduce functional age and actually make the reservoir grow younger.

  5. RECENT ADVANCES IN NATURALLY FRACTURED RESERVOIR MODELING

    OpenAIRE

    ORDOÑEZ, A; PEÑUELA, G; IDROBO, E. A; MEDINA, C. E

    2001-01-01

    Large amounts of oil reserves are contained in naturally fractured reservoirs. Most of these hydrocarbon volumes have been left behind because of the poor knowledge and/or description methodology of those reservoirs. This lack of knowledge has lead to the nonexistence of good quantitative models for this complicated type of reservoirs. The complexity of naturally fractured reservoirs causes the need for integration of all existing information at all scales (drilling, well logging, seismic, we...

  6. Laser clad Ni-base alloy added nano- and micron-size CeO 2 composites

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Shi Hong; Li, Ming Xi; Cho, Tong Yul; Yoon, Jae Hong; Lee, Chan Gyu; He, Yi Zhu

    2008-07-01

    Micron-size Ni-base alloy (NBA) powders are mixed with both 1.5 wt% (%) micron-CeO 2 (m-CeO 2) and also 1.0-3.0% nano-CeO 2 (n-CeO 2) powders. These mixtures are coated on low carbon steel (Q235) by 2.0 kW CO 2 laser cladding. The effects on microstructures, microhardness and wear resistance of the coating by the addition of m- and n-CeO 2 powders to NBA (m- and n-CeO 2/NBA) have been investigated. Addition to the primary phases of γ-Ni, Cr 23C 6 and Ni 3B of NBA coating, CeNi 3 shows up both in m- and n-CeO 2/NBA coatings and CeNi 5 appears only in n-CeO 2/NBA coating. Directional dendrite and coarse equiaxed dendrite are grown in m-CeO 2/NBA coating from interface to central zone, whereas multi-oriented dendrite and fine equiaxed dendrite growth by addition of n-CeO 2. The microhardness and wear resistance of coatings are greatly improved by CeO 2 powder addition, and compared to the addition of 1.0% and 3.0%, 1.5% n-CeO 2/NBA is the best. Hardness and wear resistance of the coating improves with decreasing CeO 2 size from micron to nano.

  7. Saúde e meio ambiente nas cidades: os desafios da saúde ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nelson Gouveia

    1999-02-01

    Full Text Available Dentro de alguns poucos anos, nosso planeta contará com mais habitantes em áreas urbanas do que em áreas rurais. A urbanização desenfreada, sem mecanismos regulatórios e de controle, típica dos países periféricos, trouxe consigo enormes repercussões na saúde da população. Problemas como a insuficiência dos serviços básicos de saneamento, coleta e destinação adequada do lixo e condições precárias de moradia, tradicionalmente relacionados com a pobreza e o subdesenvolvimento, somam-se agora à poluição química e física do ar, da água e da terra, problemas ambientais antes considerados "modernos". Novamente, é sobre as populações mais carentes que recai a maior parte dos efeitos negativos da urbanização, gerando uma situação de extrema desigualdade e iniqüidade ambiental e em saúde. Para reverter esse quadro é preciso que haja uma reincorporação das questões do meio ambiente nas políticas de saúde, e a integração dos objetivos da saúde ambiental numa ampla estratégia de desenvolvimento sustentável. Uma abordagem mais integrada, com mecanismos intersetoriais que possibilitem um diálogo amplo entre as partes, trará enormes benefícios na conquista de melhores condições de vida nas cidades. A saúde ambiental hoje tem o desafio de promover uma melhor qualidade de vida e saúde nas cidades e a oportunidade de enfrentar o absurdo quadro de exclusão social, sob a perspectiva da eqüidade.In a matter of few years there will be more urban than rural dwellers worldwide. The rapid urbanisation lacking adequate control and regulatory mechanisms typical of developing countries, brought along huge effects to the health of the population Environmental problems traditionally related to poverty and underdevelopment such as insufficient provision of sanitation services, waste collection and disposal, and precarious housing conditions, are now added to environmental problems considered of "modern life" such as the

  8. {sup 115}In NQR studies of CeRhIn{sub 5} and CeCoIn{sub 5} under high pressure

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kohori, Y. [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522 (Japan)]. E-mail: kohori@faculty.chiba-u.jp; Taira, H. [Graduate School of Science and Technonogy, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522 (Japan); Fukazawa, H. [Graduate School of Science and Technonogy, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522 (Japan); Kohara, T. [Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo 678-1297 (Japan); Iwamoto, Y. [Division of Cargo and Transportation Science, Kobe University, Kobe 658-0022 (Japan); Matsumoto, T. [National Institite of Material Science, Tsukuba 305-0044 (Japan); Maple, M.B. [Department of Physics and Institute for Pure and Applied Physical Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA (United States)

    2006-02-09

    We have carried out{sup 115}In nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements in CeRhIn{sub 5} and CeCoIn{sub 5} under presure P. The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rates, 1/T{sub 1}, of{sup 115}In indicated that the anisotropic superconductivity with line nodes occurred near an antiferromagnetic state. The application of P suppressed the antiferromagnetic, AF, spin fluctuations and moves the system away from the AF state to the non-magnetic Fermi liquid state. The P dependence of 1/T{sub 1} in the superconducting state of CeCoIn{sub 5} shows that the magnitude of the superconducting energy gap scales with its T{sub C} up to 3.0 GPa.

  9. Heteroaggregation, transformation and fate of CeO2 nanoparticles in wastewater treatment

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Barton, Lauren E.; Auffan, Melanie; Olivi, Luca; Bottero, Jean-Yves; Wiesner, Mark R.

    2015-01-01

    Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) are a key pathway by which nanoparticles (NPs) enter the environment following release from NP-enabled products. This work considers the fate and exposure of CeO 2 NPs in WWTPs in a two-step process of heteroaggregation with bacteria followed by the subsequent reduction of Ce(IV) to Ce(III). Measurements of NP association with solids in sludge were combined with experimental estimates of reduction rate constants for CeO 2 NPs in Monte Carlo simulations to predict the concentrations and speciation of Ce in WWTP effluents and biosolids. Experiments indicated preferential accumulation of CeO 2 NPs in biosolids where reductive transformation would occur. Surface functionalization was observed to impact both the distribution coefficient and the rates of transformation. The relative affinity of CeO 2 NPs for bacterial suspensions in sludge appears to explain differences in the observed rates of Ce reduction for the two types of CeO 2 NPs studied. - Highlights: • We combine experimental and computational methods to track CeO 2 NPs through WWTPs. • We investigate the importance of environmental transformations on NP exposure. • We estimate the concentrations of CeO 2 NPs and reductive transformation byproducts. - CeO 2 nanoparticles that are released to the waste stream will preferentially associate with the solid phase (∼96%), where they will undergo significant transformation (∼50%)

  10. Geothermal reservoir engineering

    CERN Document Server

    Grant, Malcolm Alister

    2011-01-01

    As nations alike struggle to diversify and secure their power portfolios, geothermal energy, the essentially limitless heat emanating from the earth itself, is being harnessed at an unprecedented rate.  For the last 25 years, engineers around the world tasked with taming this raw power have used Geothermal Reservoir Engineering as both a training manual and a professional reference.  This long-awaited second edition of Geothermal Reservoir Engineering is a practical guide to the issues and tasks geothermal engineers encounter in the course of their daily jobs. The bo

  11. Properties and practical application of thin CeOx films

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maksimchuk N. V.

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available The properties of CeOx films produced by various methods have been investigated. According to the comparative analisys “metallic mirror oxidation” method allows to produce films with significantly better characteristics than the «explosive evaporation» method. Though the latter method yields higher photosensitivity of CeOx films and structures on their base. In the process the optimal value of the substrate temperature was determined. Obtained data expand the CeOx application potential in microelectronic sensor sphere.

  12. O conceito de saúde: ponto-cego da epidemiologia?

    OpenAIRE

    Almeida Filho,Naomar de

    2000-01-01

    O trabalho faz uma avaliação da proposição de que o conceito de 'saúde' constitui um ponto-cego para a ciência epidemiológica, postulando que não há base lógica para uma definição negativa da Saúde, tanto no nível individual quanto no coletivo. Também analisa brevemente as tentativas de produzir uma "epidemiologia da saúde" em bases simétricas à epidemiologia dos riscos, bem como as abordagens econométricas que reforçam e complementam o repertório epidemiológico destinado à medida da saúde. F...

  13. Upper Hiwassee River Basin reservoirs 1989 water quality assessment

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fehring, J.P.

    1991-08-01

    The water in the Upper Hiwassee River Basin is slightly acidic and low in conductivity. The four major reservoirs in the Upper Hiwassee River Basin (Apalachia, Hiwassee, Chatuge, and Nottely) are not threatened by acidity, although Nottely Reservoir has more sulfates than the other reservoirs. Nottely also has the highest organic and nutrient concentrations of the four reservoirs. This results in Nottely having the poorest water clarity and the most algal productivity, although clarity as measured by color and secchi depths does not indicate any problem with most water use. However, chlorophyll concentrations indicate taste and odor problems would be likely if the upstream end of Nottely Reservoir were used for domestic water supply. Hiwassee Reservoir is clearer and has less organic and nutrient loading than either of the two upstream reservoirs. All four reservoirs have sufficient algal activity to produce supersaturated dissolved oxygen conditions and relatively high pH values at the surface. All four reservoirs are thermally stratified during the summer, and all but Apalachia have bottom waters depleted in oxygen. The very short residence time of Apalachia Reservoir, less than ten days as compared to over 100 days for the other three reservoirs, results in it being more riverine than the other three reservoirs. Hiwassee Reservoir actually develops three distinct water temperature strata due to the location of the turbine intake. The water quality of all of the reservoirs supports designated uses, but water quality complaints are being received regarding both Chatuge and Nottely Reservoirs and their tailwaters

  14. Reservoir sedimentation; a literature survey

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Sloff, C.J.

    1991-01-01

    A survey of literature is made on reservoir sedimentation, one of the most threatening processes for world-wide reservoir performance. The sedimentation processes, their impacts, and their controlling factors are assessed from a hydraulic engineering point of view with special emphasis on

  15. Fermi-surface topology of the heavy-fermion system Ce2PtIn8

    Science.gov (United States)

    Klotz, J.; Götze, K.; Green, E. L.; Demuer, A.; Shishido, H.; Ishida, T.; Harima, H.; Wosnitza, J.; Sheikin, I.

    2018-04-01

    Ce2PtIn8 is a recently discovered heavy-fermion system structurally related to the well-studied superconductor CeCoIn5. Here we report on low-temperature de Haas-van Alphen-effect measurements in high magnetic fields in Ce2PtIn8 and Pr2PtIn8 . In addition, we performed band-structure calculations for localized and itinerant Ce-4 f electrons in Ce2PtIn8 . Comparison with the experimental data of Ce2PtIn8 and of the 4 f -localized Pr2PtIn8 suggests the itinerant character of the Ce-4 f electrons. This conclusion is further supported by the observation of effective masses in Ce2PtIn8 , which are strongly enhanced with up to 26 bare electron masses.

  16. Spatially pooled depth-dependent reservoir storage, elevation, and water-quality data for selected reservoirs in Texas, January 1965-January 2010

    Science.gov (United States)

    Burley, Thomas E.; Asquith, William H.; Brooks, Donald L.

    2011-01-01

    The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with Texas Tech University, constructed a dataset of selected reservoir storage (daily and instantaneous values), reservoir elevation (daily and instantaneous values), and water-quality data from 59 reservoirs throughout Texas. The period of record for the data is as large as January 1965-January 2010. Data were acquired from existing databases, spreadsheets, delimited text files, and hard-copy reports. The goal was to obtain as much data as possible; therefore, no data acquisition restrictions specifying a particular time window were used. Primary data sources include the USGS National Water Information System, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Surface Water-Quality Management Information System, and the Texas Water Development Board monthly Texas Water Condition Reports. Additional water-quality data for six reservoirs were obtained from USGS Texas Annual Water Data Reports. Data were combined from the multiple sources to create as complete a set of properties and constituents as the disparate databases allowed. By devising a unique per-reservoir short name to represent all sites on a reservoir regardless of their source, all sampling sites at a reservoir were spatially pooled by reservoir and temporally combined by date. Reservoir selection was based on various criteria including the availability of water-quality properties and constituents that might affect the trophic status of the reservoir and could also be important for understanding possible effects of climate change in the future. Other considerations in the selection of reservoirs included the general reservoir-specific period of record, the availability of concurrent reservoir storage or elevation data to match with water-quality data, and the availability of sample depth measurements. Additional separate selection criteria included historic information pertaining to blooms of golden algae. Physical properties and constituents were water

  17. Highly porous CeO2 nanostructures prepared via combustion synthesis for supercapacitor applications

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kadirvelayutham, Prasanna; Santhoshkumar, P.; Jo, Yong Nam

    2017-01-01

    We report highly porous CeO2 nanostructures (CeO2 NSs) suitable for supercapacitor applications, synthesized using a fast and cost effective combustion approach. Due to its prominent valence states of Ce3+/Ce4+, CeO2 has emerged as a promising pseudocapacitive material. The drawback of using CeO2...... as a supercapacitor electrode is its poor electrical conductivity. We overcame this drawback of CeO2 by creating oxygen vacancies on its surface, which act to enhance its electrical conductivity. The physical interpretation of the as-synthesized CeO2 NSs shows that they have dense active sites and diffusion pathways...... that enhance the performance of the electrode in a supercapacitor. Electrodes prepared using the synthesized CeO2 NSs exhibited the initial specific capacitance of 134.6 F g-1 and superior cycling stability of 92.5% after 1000 cycles at a constant current density of 1 A g-1, indicating their potential...

  18. Ce activated potassium bromide phosphor for lyoluminescence dosimetry of ionizing radiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bhujbal, P.M.; Dhoble, S.J.

    2013-01-01

    The lyoluminescence (LL) properties of gamma irradiated KBr:Ce phosphor are reported in this paper. The samples were prepared by wet chemical route. The prepared material was characterized by lyoluminescence technique. LL in KBr:Ce have been recorded for different gamma doses. The nature of variation of peak LL intensity is found to be sublinear with gamma irradiation dose, and the peak LL intensity is found to be dependent on concentrations of added Ce in the samples. Negligible fading in the prepared KBr:Ce (0.5 mol%) sample is observed. -- Highlights: • The LL intensities are found to be dependent on concentrations of Ce ion. • The LL intensities are found to be dependent on gamma rays radiation dose. • Dose response of KBr:Ce (0.5 mol%) is observed linear between 0.08 and 1.00 kGy. • The prepared material may be useful for ionizing radiation dosimetry

  19. Integrating gravimetric and interferometric synthetic aperture radar data for enhancing reservoir history matching of carbonate gas and volatile oil reservoirs

    KAUST Repository

    Katterbauer, Klemens; Arango, Santiago; Sun, Shuyu; Hoteit, Ibrahim

    2016-01-01

    Reservoir history matching is assuming a critical role in understanding reservoir characteristics, tracking water fronts, and forecasting production. While production data have been incorporated for matching reservoir production levels

  20. Room-temperature synthesis and characterization of porous CeO2 thin films

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chu, Dewei; Masuda, Yoshitake; Ohji, Tatsuki; Kato, Kazumi

    2012-01-01

    CeO 2 thin films with hexagonal-shaped pores were successfully prepared by a facile electrodeposition at room temperature combined with an etching process. By using electrodeposited ZnO nanorods as a soft template, the morphology, and microstructure of the CeO 2 could be controlled. TEM observation indicated that as-prepared CeO 2 film is composed of nanocrystals with average size of several nanometers, while XPS analysis showed the coexistence of Ce 3+ and Ce 4+ in the film. The photoluminescence properties of CeO 2 films were measured, which showed much higher sensitivity compared to bare substrate. (Copyright copyright 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

  1. Data Compression of Hydrocarbon Reservoir Simulation Grids

    KAUST Repository

    Chavez, Gustavo Ivan

    2015-05-28

    A dense volumetric grid coming from an oil/gas reservoir simulation output is translated into a compact representation that supports desired features such as interactive visualization, geometric continuity, color mapping and quad representation. A set of four control curves per layer results from processing the grid data, and a complete set of these 3-dimensional surfaces represents the complete volume data and can map reservoir properties of interest to analysts. The processing results yield a representation of reservoir simulation results which has reduced data storage requirements and permits quick performance interaction between reservoir analysts and the simulation data. The degree of reservoir grid compression can be selected according to the quality required, by adjusting for different thresholds, such as approximation error and level of detail. The processions results are of potential benefit in applications such as interactive rendering, data compression, and in-situ visualization of large-scale oil/gas reservoir simulations.

  2. Highly active and durable Ca-doped Ce-SBA-15 catalyst for biodiesel production

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Thitsartarn, Warintorn; Maneerung, Thawatchai; Kawi, Sibudjing

    2015-01-01

    In this work, Ca-doped Ce-incorporated SBA-15 (Ca/CeS) catalyst was successfully synthesized by using direct synthesis of Ce-incorporated SBA-15 followed by impregnation of CaO (calcium oxide). The maximum Si/Ce molar ratio that Ce atoms can be incorporated successfully into the mesoporous framework was found to be 5 (CeS-5). After the impregnation of 30 wt. % Ca, the obtained 30Ca/CeS-5 catalysts showed the superior catalytic performance for transesterification reaction of palm oil with methanol and also the higher catalytic activity as compared to other supported catalysts, i.e. CaO/CeO 2 and CaO–CeO 2 /SBA-15. This can be attributed to the well-dispersion of CaO on the CeS-5 support surface. Furthermore, it was found that the leaching of Si, Ce and Ca from the catalyst into biodiesel produced was negligible (i.e. <1 ppm after 7 cycles), indicating the strong interaction between CaO and CeS-5 support. As a result, the 30Ca/CeS-5 catalyst can be reused at least 15 cycles with insignificant decrease in catalytic activity, offering the efficient CaO-based catalyst for biodiesel production. - Highlights: • Mesoporous Ca-based catalyst was successfully developed for biodiesel production. • Catalyst exhibited high activity towards transesterification (FAME yield > 98%). • Catalyst can be effectively re-used at least 15 cycles. • Extremely low catalyst contaminant (<1 ppm) was presented

  3. Effect of cerium on the corrosion behaviour of sintered (Nd,Ce)FeB magnet

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yang, Lijing [CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201 (China); Bi, Mengxue [CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201 (China); Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China); Jiang, Jianjun; Ding, Xuefeng [CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201 (China); Zhu, Minggang; Li, Wei [Functional Materials Research Institute, Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081 (China); Lv, Zhongshan [Ningbo Shuo Teng new material Co., Ltd., Cixi 315301 (China); Song, Zhenlun, E-mail: songzhenlun@nimte.ac.cn [CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201 (China)

    2017-06-15

    Highlights: • A little Ce could promote the magnets for a better corrosion resistance. • With increased Ce contents, the corrosion resistances of magnets decrease. • As the corrosion developed, the magnetic properties decreased. - Abstract: For the balanced consumption of rare-earth elements, cerium (Ce) was partially used for NdFeB magnets instead of Nd. The corrosion behaviour of the (Nd,Ce)FeB magnet with different Ce contents in 3.5% NaCl solution was investigated by SEM, XRD, EDS and electrochemical tests. After immersion, the weight loss was calculated and the magnetic properties of the samples were measured. Results showed that Ce affected the corrosion of the (Nd,Ce)FeB magnet. Compared with the NdFeB magnet without Ce but of the same grade as the magnetic energy product, (Nd,Ce)FeB magnet showed better corrosion resistance. With increased Ce content, the corrosion resistances and magnetic properties of (Nd,Ce)FeB magnets were investigated.

  4. Desenvolvimento econômico, desigualdade e saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Prata Pedro Reginaldo

    1994-01-01

    Full Text Available O autor se refere a dimensão socioeconômica, individual e coletiva do fenômeno saúde-doença. Refere-se também ao fato das populações estarem sobre a influência desigual de fatores de risco e de proteção à saúde. Discute as desigualdades no desenvolvimento e a relação entre desenvolvimento, riqueza, saúde e justiça social. Questiona as teorias de desenvolvimento econômico, diferenciando desenvolvimento de crescimento. Cunha os conceitos de armadilha do desenvolvimento e refugiados sociais. Define uma comunidade saudável. Propõe a necessidade de mudança no modelo de desenvolvimento. Baliza o papel e as limitações do setor saúde no que diz respeito a iniqüidade social.

  5. The Alphabet Soup of HIV Reservoir Markers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sharaf, Radwa R; Li, Jonathan Z

    2017-04-01

    Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy in suppressing HIV, life-long therapy is required to avoid HIV reactivation from long-lived viral reservoirs. Currently, there is intense interest in searching for therapeutic interventions that can purge the viral reservoir to achieve complete remission in HIV patients off antiretroviral therapy. The evaluation of such interventions relies on our ability to accurately and precisely measure the true size of the viral reservoir. In this review, we assess the most commonly used HIV reservoir assays, as a clear understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of each is vital for the accurate interpretation of results and for the development of improved assays. The quantification of intracellular or plasma HIV RNA or DNA levels remains the most commonly used tests for the characterization of the viral reservoir. While cost-effective and high-throughput, these assays are not able to differentiate between replication-competent or defective fractions or quantify the number of infected cells. Viral outgrowth assays provide a lower bound for the fraction of cells that can produce infectious virus, but these assays are laborious, expensive and substantially underestimate the potential reservoir of replication-competent provirus. Newer assays are now available that seek to overcome some of these problems, including full-length proviral sequencing, inducible HIV RNA assays, ultrasensitive p24 assays and murine adoptive transfer techniques. The development and evaluation of strategies for HIV remission rely upon our ability to accurately and precisely quantify the size of the remaining viral reservoir. At this time, all current HIV reservoir assays have drawbacks such that combinations of assays are generally needed to gain a more comprehensive view of the viral reservoir. The development of novel, rapid, high-throughput assays that can sensitively quantify the levels of the replication-competent HIV reservoir is still needed.

  6. An Update on NiCE Support for BISON

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    McCaskey, Alex [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Billings, Jay Jay [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Deyton, Jordan H. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Wojtowicz, Anna [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

    2015-09-01

    The Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation program (NEAMS) from the Department of Energy s Office of Nuclear Energy has funded the development of a modeling and simulation workflow environment to support the various codes in its nuclear energy scientific computing toolkit. This NEAMS Integrated Computational Environment (NiCE) provides extensible tools and services that enable efficient code execution, input generation, pre-processing visualizations, and post-simulation data analysis and visualization for a large portion of the NEAMS Toolkit. A strong focus for the NiCE development team throughout FY 2015 has been support for the Multiphysics Object Oriented Simulation Environment (MOOSE) and the NEAMS nuclear fuel performance modeling application built on that environment, BISON. There is a strong desire in the program to enable and facilitate the use of BISON throughout nuclear energy research and industry. A primary result of this desire is the need for strong support for BISON in NiCE. This report will detail improvements to NiCE support for BISON. We will present a new and improved interface for interacting with BISON simulations in a variety of ways: (1) improved input model generation, (2) embedded mesh and solution data visualizations, and (3) local and remote BISON simulation launch. We will also show how NiCE has been extended to provide support for BISON code development.

  7. Maqalika Reservoir: utilisation and sustainability of Maqalika Reservoir as a source of potable water supply for Maseru in Lesotho

    CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

    Letsie, M

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available The storage of water in the Maqalika reservoir is gradually decreasing as sediment, carried by the natural catchment run-off, accumulates in the reservoir. Moreover, water pumped into the reservoir from the Caledon River (which is heavily sedimented...

  8. The CE3R Network: current status and future perspectives

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lenhardt, Wolfgang; Pesaresi, Damiano; Živčić, Mladen; Costa, Giovanni; Kuk, Kresimir; Bondár, István; Duni, Llambro; Spacek, Petr

    2016-04-01

    In order to improve the monitoring of seismic activities in the border regions and to enhance the collaboration between countries and seismological institutions in Central Europe, the Environment Agency of the Slovenian Republic (ARSO), the Italian National Institute for Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics (OGS), the University of Trieste (UniTS) and the Austrian Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics (ZAMG) established in 2001 the "South Eastern Alps Transfrontier Seismological Network". In May 2014 ARSO, OGS, UniTS and ZAMG agreed to formalize the transfrontier network, to name it "Central and East European Earthquake Research Network", (CE3RN or CE3R Network) in order to locate it geographically since cross-border networks can be established in other areas of the world and to expand their cooperation, including institutions in other countries. The University of Zagreb (UniZG) joined CE3RN in October 2014. The Kövesligethy Radó Seismological Observatory (KRSZO) of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences joined CE3RN in October 2015. The Institute of Geosciences, Energy, Water and Environment (IGEWE) of the Polytechnic University of Tirana joined CE3RN in November 2015. The Institute of Physics of the Earth (IPE) of the Masaryk University in Brno joined CE3RN in November 2015. CE3RN Parties intend to formalize and possibly extend their ongoing cooperation in the field of seismological data acquisition, exchange and use for seismological and earthquake engineering and civil protection purposes. The purpose of this cooperation is to retain and expand the existing cross-border network, specify the rules of conduct in the network management, improvements, extensions and enlargements, enhance seismological research in the region, and support civil protection activities. Since the formal establishment of CE3RN, several common projects have been completed, like the SeismoSAT project for the seismic data center connection over satellite funded by the Interreg

  9. Structure and Chemical Bond of Thermoelectric Ce-Co-Sb Skutterudites

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    2001-01-01

    The correlations among composition,structure,chemical bond and thermoelectric property of skutterudites CoSb3 and CeCo5Fe3Sb12 have been studied by using density function and discrete variation (DFT-DVM) method.Three models for this study were proposed and calculated by which the "rattling" pattern was described.Model 1 is with Ce in the center,model 2 is with Ce away the center and near to Sb,and model 3 is also with Ce away the center but near to Fe.The calculated results show that in model 3,the ionic bond is the strongest,but the covalent bond is the weakest.Due to the different changes between ionic and covalent bond,there is less difference in the stability among the models 1,2 and 3.Therefore,these different models can exist at the same time,or can translate from one to another more easily.In other words,the "rattling" pattern has taken place.Unfilled model of CoSb3,without Ce and Fe,is called model 4.The covalent bond of Co-Sb or Fe-Sb in models 1,2 and 3 is weaker than that of Co-Sb in model 4,as some electrical cloud of Sb takes part in the covalent bond of Ce-Sb in the filled models.The result is consistent with the experimental result that the thermal conductivity of CeCo5Fe3Sb12 is lower than that of CoSb3,and the thermoelectric property of CeCo5Fe3Sb12 is superior to that of CoSb3.

  10. Optical spectroscopy of Ce{sup 3+} in BaLiF{sub 3}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yamaga, M.; Imai, T. [Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193 (Japan); Shimamura, K.; Fukuda, T. [Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); Honda, M. [Faculty of Science, Naruto University of Education, Naruto 772-8502 (Japan)

    2000-04-10

    The optical absorption spectrum of Ce{sup 3+} in BaLiF{sub 3} crystals consists of several overlapping broad bands. The Ce{sup 3+} luminescence shows broad bands due to moderate electron-phonon interaction in the 5d excited state. Three distinct Ce{sup 3+} sites in the crystal were assigned from the optical spectra. The luminescence spectrum from the dominant Ce{sup 3+} site has a large Stokes shift ({approx}8300 cm{sup -1}), whereas that from one of the two minor Ce{sup 3+} sites has a Stokes shift of half that magnitude ({approx}4400 cm{sup -1}), assuming that the excitation spectrum is almost the same as for the dominant site. The peaks of the lowest-energy absorption and luminescence bands for the other minor Ce{sup 3+} site are shifted to lower energy, and the Stokes shift energy ({approx}7800 cm{sup -1}) is close to that for the dominant site. These three Ce{sup 3+} sites are assigned to configurations of Ce{sup 3+} accompanied by different charge compensators. This assignment is consistent with preliminary electron spin-resonance results indicating that there exist two tetragonal and two orthorhombic Ce{sup 3+} centres in the absence of the cubic centre. (author)

  11. Adsorption and Reaction of Acetone over CeOX(111) Thin Films

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mullins, David R.; Senanayake, Sanjaya D.; Gordon, Wesley O.; Overbury, Steven H.

    2009-01-01

    This study reports the interaction of acetone (CH3COCH3), the simplest ketone, with well ordered CeO2(111) thin film surfaces. The fully oxidized CeO2(111) surface shows a weak interaction with acetone with the sole desorption product (TPD) being acetone at 210 K. The chemisorbed molecule binds to the surface as the ?1-acetone species rather than through a bridge-bonded dioxy-configuration. Exposure of a CeO2(111) surface to acetone at 600K removes oxygen as CO and results in the conversion of Ce4+ to Ce3+. Acetone chemisorbs strongly on reduced CeO2-x(111) with molecular acetone desorbing near 500 K. Decomposition also occurs with H2 desorbing between 450 and 600 K and C reacting with O in the ceria to desorb above 650 K. A stable species exists from 200 to 500 K on the reduced surface that has three unique types of C. High resolution C 1s XPS spectra indicate these are Ce-CH2, C-CH3 and C-O species. C k-edge NEXAFS indicates the presence of C(double b ond)C and C(double b ond)O bonds. It is postulated that the intermediate is a carbanion bonded through both O and C atoms to Ce cations.

  12. Pesquisa em saúde, política de saúde e eqüidade na América Latina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alberto Pellegrini Filho

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available O autor analisa as relações entre pesquisa de saúde, políticas de saúde e eqüidade na América Latina. Descreve novas tendências no modo de produção do conhecimento, que permitem maior integração entre as necessidades sociais e a pesquisa, facilitando o vínculo entre esta e o processo de definição de políticas. Analisa as manifestações das novas tendências na América Latina e finaliza com a descrição de algumas iniciativas promovidas pela OPAS no sentido de aproveitar as oportunidades abertas pelas novas tendências para a melhoria das condições de saúde na região. Busca defender a tese de que a informação e o conhecimento são bens públicos essenciais e que as iniqüidades de acesso a esses bens são importantes determinantes das iniqüidades em saúde. Para que as políticas de saúde e as políticas de pesquisa em saúde se integrem e se consolidem como políticas públicas voltadas a atender ao interesse público e à promoção da eqüidade, é necessário o fortalecimento do processo democrático de definição das mesmas, multiplicando os atores envolvidos, os espaços e oportunidades de interação entre eles e instrumentando sua participação com o acesso eqüitativo a informações e conhecimentos científicos pertinentes que permitam a defesa fundamentada de seus interesses.

  13. Application of Reservoir Characterization and Advanced Technology to Improve Recovery and Economics in a Lower Quality Shallow Shelf Carbonate Reservoir

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Taylor, Archie R.

    1996-01-01

    The Class 2 Project at West Welch was designed to demonstrate the use of advanced technologies to enhance the economics of improved oil recovery (IOR) projects in lower quality Shallow Shelf Carbonate (SSC) reservoirs, resulting in recovery of additional oil that would otherwise be left in the reservoir at project abandonment. Accurate reservoir description is critical to the effective evaluation and efficient design of IOR projects in the heterogeneous SSC reservoirs. Therefore, the majority of Budget Period 1 was devoted to reservoir characterization. Technologies being demonstrated include: (1) Advanced petrophysics; (2) Three dimensional (3-D) seismic; (3) Cross-well bore tomography; (4) Advanced reservoir simulation; (5) Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) stimulation treatments; (6) Hydraulic fracturing design and monitoring; and (7) Mobility control agents

  14. Preparation and Characterization of Graphite Waste/CeO2 Composites

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kusrini, E.; Utami, C. S.; Nasruddin; Prasetyanto, E. A.; Bawono, Aji A.

    2018-03-01

    In this research, the chemical modification of graphite waste with CeO2 was developed and characterized. Graphite waste was pretreated with mechanical to obtain the size 200 mesh (75 μm), and thermal methods at 110°C oven for 6 hours. Here, we demonstrate final properties of graphite before modification (GBM), activated graphite (GA) and graphite/CeO2 composite with variation of 0.5, 1 and 2 g of CeO2 (G0.5; G1; G2). The effect of CeO2 concentration was observed. The presence of cerium in modified graphite samples (G0.5; G1; G2) were analyzed using SEM-EDX. The results show that the best surface area was found in G2 is 26.82 m2/g. The presence of CeO2 onto graphite surface does not significantly increase the surface area of composites.

  15. Naturally fractured reservoirs-yet an unsolved mystery

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zahoor, M.K.

    2013-01-01

    Some of the world's most profitable reservoirs are assumed to be naturally fractured reservoirs (NFR). Effective evaluation, prediction and planning of these reservoirs require an early recognition of the role of natural fractures and then a comprehensive study of factors which affect the flowing performance through these fractures is necessary. As NFRs are the combination of matrix and fractures mediums so their analysis varies from non-fractured reservoirs. Matrix acts as a storage medium while mostly fluid flow takes place from fracture network. Many authors adopted different approaches to understand the flow behavior in such reservoirs. In this paper a broad review about the previous work done in naturally fractured reservoirs area is outlined and a different idea is initiated for the NFR simulation studies. The role of capillary pressure in natural fractures is always been a key factor for accurate recovery estimations. Also recovery through these reservoirs is dependent upon grid block shape while doing NFR simulation. Some authors studied above mentioned factors in combination with other rock properties to understand the flow behavior in such reservoirs but less emphasis was given for checking the effects on recovery estimations by the variations of only fracture capillary pressures and grid block shapes. So there is need to analyze the behavior of NFR for the mentioned conditions. (author)

  16. Geophysical monitoring in a hydrocarbon reservoir

    Science.gov (United States)

    Caffagni, Enrico; Bokelmann, Goetz

    2016-04-01

    Extraction of hydrocarbons from reservoirs demands ever-increasing technological effort, and there is need for geophysical monitoring to better understand phenomena occurring within the reservoir. Significant deformation processes happen when man-made stimulation is performed, in combination with effects deriving from the existing natural conditions such as stress regime in situ or pre-existing fracturing. Keeping track of such changes in the reservoir is important, on one hand for improving recovery of hydrocarbons, and on the other hand to assure a safe and proper mode of operation. Monitoring becomes particularly important when hydraulic-fracturing (HF) is used, especially in the form of the much-discussed "fracking". HF is a sophisticated technique that is widely applied in low-porosity geological formations to enhance the production of natural hydrocarbons. In principle, similar HF techniques have been applied in Europe for a long time in conventional reservoirs, and they will probably be intensified in the near future; this suggests an increasing demand in technological development, also for updating and adapting the existing monitoring techniques in applied geophysics. We review currently available geophysical techniques for reservoir monitoring, which appear in the different fields of analysis in reservoirs. First, the properties of the hydrocarbon reservoir are identified; here we consider geophysical monitoring exclusively. The second step is to define the quantities that can be monitored, associated to the properties. We then describe the geophysical monitoring techniques including the oldest ones, namely those in practical usage from 40-50 years ago, and the most recent developments in technology, within distinct groups, according to the application field of analysis in reservoir. This work is performed as part of the FracRisk consortium (www.fracrisk.eu); this project, funded by the Horizon2020 research programme, aims at helping minimize the

  17. Non-Markovian reservoir-dependent squeezing

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Paavola, J

    2010-01-01

    The squeezing dynamics of a damped harmonic oscillator are studied for different types of environment without making the Markovian approximation. The squeezing dynamics of a coherent state depend on the reservoir spectrum in a unique way that can, in the weak coupling approximation, be analysed analytically. Comparison of squeezing dynamics for ohmic, sub-ohmic and super-ohmic environments is done, showing a clear connection between the squeezing-non-squeezing oscillations and reservoir structure. Understanding the effects occurring due to structured reservoirs is important both from a purely theoretical point of view and in connection with evolving experimental techniques and future quantum computing applications.

  18. Selective Synthesis of Mesoporous and Nanorod CeVO4 without Template

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhu Ling; Li Qin; Li Jiayan; Liu Xiangdong; Meng Jian; Cao Xueqiang

    2007-01-01

    A simple and efficient method has been established for the selective synthesis of mesoporous and nanorod CeVO 4 with different precursors by sonochemical method. CeVO 4 nanorod can be simply synthesized by ultrasound irradiation of Ce(NO 3 ) 3 and NH 4 VO 3 in aqueous solution without any surfactant or template. While mesoporous CeVO 4 with high specific surface area can be prepared with Ce(NO 3 ) 3 , V 2 O 5 and NaOH in the same way. Mesoporous CeVO 4 has a specific surface area of 122 m 2 g -1 and an average pore size of 5.2 nm; CeVO 4 nanorods have a diameter of about 5 nm, and a length of 100-150 nm. The ultrasound irradiation and ammonia in the reactive solution are two key factors in the formation of such rod-like products. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analyses (DTA), UV/vis absorption spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) were applied for characterization of the as-prepared products

  19. Luminescence properties of Y3Al5O12:Ce nanoceramics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zorenko, Yu.; Voznyak, T.; Gorbenko, V.; Zych, E.; Nizankovski, S.; Dan'ko, A.; Puzikov, V.

    2011-01-01

    Comparative analysis of the luminescent properties of Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce (YAG:Ce) transparent optical ceramics (OS) with those of single crystal (SC) and single crystalline film (SCF) analogues has been performed under excitation by pulsed synchrotron radiation in the fundamental absorption range of YAG host. It has been shown that the properties of YAG:Ce OC are closer to the properties of the SCF counterpart, where Y Al antisite defects are completely absent, rather than to the properties of SC of this garnet with large concentration of Y Al antisite defects. At the same time, the luminescence spectra of YAG:Ce OC show weak emission bands in the 200-470 nm range related to Y Al antisite defects and charged oxygen vacancies (F + and F centers). YAG:Ce OS also possesses significantly larger contribution of slow components in the Ce 3+ luminescence decay under high-energy excitation in comparison with SC and SCF of this garnet due to the involvement of antisite defects, charged oxygen vacancies as well as boundaries of grains in the energy transfer processes from the host to the Ce 3+ ions.

  20. Effect of cerium on the corrosion behaviour of sintered (Nd,Ce)FeB magnet

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Lijing; Bi, Mengxue; Jiang, Jianjun; Ding, Xuefeng; Zhu, Minggang; Li, Wei; Lv, Zhongshan; Song, Zhenlun

    2017-06-01

    For the balanced consumption of rare-earth elements, cerium (Ce) was partially used for NdFeB magnets instead of Nd. The corrosion behaviour of the (Nd,Ce)FeB magnet with different Ce contents in 3.5% NaCl solution was investigated by SEM, XRD, EDS and electrochemical tests. After immersion, the weight loss was calculated and the magnetic properties of the samples were measured. Results showed that Ce affected the corrosion of the (Nd,Ce)FeB magnet. Compared with the NdFeB magnet without Ce but of the same grade as the magnetic energy product, (Nd,Ce)FeB magnet showed better corrosion resistance. With increased Ce content, the corrosion resistances and magnetic properties of (Nd,Ce)FeB magnets were investigated.

  1. An investigation on thermal and friction effect produced by friction welding of SA 213 tube to SA 387 tube plate

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    S. Pandia Rajan

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available The present study investigates the effect of thermal and friction produced in the tube to tube plate during the friction welding process by using a Tungsten carbide external tool. In this process, the fictional welding of SA 213 tube and SA 387 tube plate was done by using an external tool. Modeling of tool and wok piece is done by using Solid works and to study the thermal and frictional effect by using Ansys. In this research work, joining of SA 213 tube to SA 387 tube plate was done by using two different techniques such as with hole [WH] and without hole [WOH]. The stress value of with hole and without hole such as 18,782 MPa and 10,486 MPa respectively and the ultimate heat flux generated with hole and without hole such as 0.80475 W/mm2 and 1.1344 W/mm2 respectively were observed.

  2. Understanding the True Stimulated Reservoir Volume in Shale Reservoirs

    KAUST Repository

    Hussain, Maaruf; Saad, Bilal; Negara, Ardiansyah; Sun, Shuyu

    2017-01-01

    Successful exploitation of shale reservoirs largely depends on the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing stimulation program. Favorable results have been attributed to intersection and reactivation of pre-existing fractures by hydraulically

  3. CeBr3 as a room-temperature, high-resolution gamma-ray detector

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Guss, Paul; Reed, Michael; Yuan Ding; Reed, Alexis; Mukhopadhyay, Sanjoy

    2009-01-01

    Cerium bromide (CeBr 3 ) has become a material of interest in the race for high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy at room temperature. This investigation quantified the potential of CeBr 3 as a room-temperature, high-resolution gamma-ray detector. The performance of CeBr 3 crystals was compared to other scintillation crystals of similar dimensions and detection environments. Comparison of self-activity of CeBr 3 to cerium-doped lanthanum tribromide (LaBr 3 :Ce) was performed. Energy resolution and relative intrinsic efficiency were measured and are presented.

  4. Effects of water-supply reservoirs on streamflow in Massachusetts

    Science.gov (United States)

    Levin, Sara B.

    2016-10-06

    State and local water-resource managers need modeling tools to help them manage and protect water-supply resources for both human consumption and ecological needs. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, has developed a decision-support tool to estimate the effects of reservoirs on natural streamflow. The Massachusetts Reservoir Simulation Tool is a model that simulates the daily water balance of a reservoir. The reservoir simulation tool provides estimates of daily outflows from reservoirs and compares the frequency, duration, and magnitude of the volume of outflows from reservoirs with estimates of the unaltered streamflow that would occur if no dam were present. This tool will help environmental managers understand the complex interactions and tradeoffs between water withdrawals, reservoir operational practices, and reservoir outflows needed for aquatic habitats.A sensitivity analysis of the daily water balance equation was performed to identify physical and operational features of reservoirs that could have the greatest effect on reservoir outflows. For the purpose of this report, uncontrolled releases of water (spills or spillage) over the reservoir spillway were considered to be a proxy for reservoir outflows directly below the dam. The ratio of average withdrawals to the average inflows had the largest effect on spillage patterns, with the highest withdrawals leading to the lowest spillage. The size of the surface area relative to the drainage area of the reservoir also had an effect on spillage; reservoirs with large surface areas have high evaporation rates during the summer, which can contribute to frequent and long periods without spillage, even in the absence of water withdrawals. Other reservoir characteristics, such as variability of inflows, groundwater interactions, and seasonal demand patterns, had low to moderate effects on the frequency, duration, and magnitude of spillage. The

  5. Tenth workshop on geothermal reservoir engineering: proceedings

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    1985-01-22

    The workshop contains presentations in the following areas: (1) reservoir engineering research; (2) field development; (3) vapor-dominated systems; (4) the Geysers thermal area; (5) well test analysis; (6) production engineering; (7) reservoir evaluation; (8) geochemistry and injection; (9) numerical simulation; and (10) reservoir physics. (ACR)

  6. Limno-reservoirs as a new landscape, environmental and touristic resource: Pareja Limno-reservoir as a case of study (Guadalajara, Spain)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Díaz-Carrión, I.; Sastre-Merlín, A.; Martínez-Pérez, S.; Molina-Navarro, E.; Bienes-Allas, R.

    2012-04-01

    A limno-reservoir is a hydrologic infrastructure with the main goal of generating a body of water with a constant level in the riverine zone of a reservoir, building a dam that makes de limno-reservoir independent from the main body of water. This dam can be built in the main river supplying the reservoir or any tributary as well flowing into it. Despite its novel conception and design, around a dozen are already operative in some Spanish reservoirs. This infrastructure allows the new water body to be independent of the main reservoir management, so the water level stability is its main distinctive characteristic. It leads to the development of environmental, sports and cultural initiatives; which may be included in a touristic exploitation in a wide sense. An opinion poll was designed in 2009 to be carried out the Pareja Limno-reservoir (Entrepeñas reservoir area, Tajo River Basin, central Spain). The results showed that for both, Pareja inhabitants and occasional visitors, the limno-reservoir has become an important touristic resource, mainly demanded during summer season. The performance of leisure activities (especially swimming) are being the main brand of this novel hydraulic and environmental infrastructure, playing a role as corrective and/or compensatory action which is needed to apply in order to mitigate the environmental impacts of the large hydraulic constructions.

  7. Study of magnetic properties of TGa6 with T = Ce, Pr, Nd, Tb, Ho, Dy and of solid solutions Ce(Ga1-x Alx)2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jerjini, M.

    1987-10-01

    At low temperature TGa 6 compounds are ordered with a Neel temperature of about 10 K. Magnetic structures are antiferromagnetic for T = Pr or Nd or modulated for T = Tb, Ho or Dy. Ce presents an abnormal behavior in CeGa 6 . Neutron inelastic scattering allows the determination of energy levels in the crystal field of cerium ion and evidences hybridation of 4f and valence electrons. Three magnetic transitions for T 6 . Study of CeGa 6 and solid solutions. Ce(Ga (1-x) Al x ) 2 shows that aluminium insertion reinforces the Kondo effect. For x = O.1 an incommensurable structure subsists at very low temperature. CeGa 2 is ordered with 3 magnetic structures. Magnetic moment is reduced with Al. The study of crystal field by neutron scattering shows that hybridation effects are more important for the compound with x = 0.1 [fr

  8. CE-SAM: a conversational interface for ISR mission support

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pizzocaro, Diego; Parizas, Christos; Preece, Alun; Braines, Dave; Mott, David; Bakdash, Jonathan Z.

    2013-05-01

    There is considerable interest in natural language conversational interfaces. These allow for complex user interactions with systems, such as fulfilling information requirements in dynamic environments, without requiring extensive training or a technical background (e.g. in formal query languages or schemas). To leverage the advantages of conversational interactions we propose CE-SAM (Controlled English Sensor Assignment to Missions), a system that guides users through refining and satisfying their information needs in the context of Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) operations. The rapidly-increasing availability of sensing assets and other information sources poses substantial challenges to effective ISR resource management. In a coalition context, the problem is even more complex, because assets may be "owned" by different partners. We show how CE-SAM allows a user to refine and relate their ISR information needs to pre-existing concepts in an ISR knowledge base, via conversational interaction implemented on a tablet device. The knowledge base is represented using Controlled English (CE) - a form of controlled natural language that is both human-readable and machine processable (i.e. can be used to implement automated reasoning). Users interact with the CE-SAM conversational interface using natural language, which the system converts to CE for feeding-back to the user for confirmation (e.g. to reduce misunderstanding). We show that this process not only allows users to access the assets that can support their mission needs, but also assists them in extending the CE knowledge base with new concepts.

  9. Saúde ambiental : a articulação entre saúde e ambiente na política de saúde ambiental como estratégia de governo da população

    OpenAIRE

    Doris Soares Blessmann

    2010-01-01

    Esta dissertação apresenta uma discussão acerca de como uma política pública de saúde opera para a regulação de riscos ambientais que incidem sobre a população. Para tanto, examinei formulações inseridas na Política Nacional de Saúde Ambiental (PNSA) e da Vigilância Ambiental em Saúde (VAS). Ancorada nos pressupostos de Foucault, realizo dois movimentos de pesquisa. Numa perspectiva histórica, analiso as políticas mundiais e brasileiras implicadas na construção da VAS e da PNSA. Examino, a se...

  10. Blue emitting KSCN:xCe phosphor for solid state lighting

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chikte, Devayani, E-mail: devi.awade@gmail.com [G.N. Khalsa College, Matunga, Mumbai 400019 (India); Omanwar, S.K. [Department of Physics, S.G.B. Amravati University, Amravati (India); Moharil, S.V. [Department of Physics, R.T.M. Nagpur University, Nagpur 440010 (India)

    2014-01-15

    The intense blue emitting phosphor KSCN:xCe (x=0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04) is synthesized by a simple, time saving, economical method of re-crystallization through aqueous solution at 353 K. Photoluminescence measurements showed that the said phosphor exhibits emission with good intensity peaking at 450 nm corresponding to d→f transitions of Ce{sup 3+} ion. The excitation spectra monitored at 450 nm shows small peak at 282 nm and broad intense excitation band peaking at 350 nm. The latter lies in near ultraviolet (350–410 nm) emission of UV LED. The phosphor KSCN:0.02Ce{sup 3+} shows CIE 1931 color coordinates as (0.1484, 0.0602) whereas the commercial blue phosphor BAM:Eu{sup 2+} shows the color co-ordinates as (0.1417, 0.1072), respectively, indicating better color purity for KSCN: 0.02Ce{sup 3+} compared to the BAM:Eu{sup 2+} phosphor. The color coordinates of KSCN: 0.02Ce{sup 3+} phosphor (0.1484, 0.0602) are nearer to the color coordinate for blue color suggested by the color systems EBUPAL/SECAM, sRGB Blue as well as Adobe blue(0.15, 0.06). -- Highlights: • Novel phosphor KSCN:xCe prepared for the first time. • Method is simple, time saving, economical, easy to handle. • Intense, blue, Characteristic Ce{sup 3+} emission at 450 nm. • nUV excitation, suitable for solid state lighting.

  11. Fonoaudiologia em saúde pública

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Regina M. Freire

    1992-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se obter o entendimento das funções do fonoaudiólogo enquanto profissional da saúde. Discutem-se as dificuldades ligadas à implantação de um serviço novo, estranho às Unidades Básicas de Saúde. A seguir, analisa-se a demanda pelo serviço de Fonoaudiologia em postos de saúde, e verifica-se que 32% da população que busca esse serviço está em idade escolar e vem encaminhada pelas escolas, com queixa de problemas de aprendizagem. Uma aproximação maior dessas crianças, através do atendimento fonoaudiológico, delineia uma outra realidade: a de que não se pode considerar como distúrbio/desvio/problema/patologia marcas gráficas que se constituem como indícios do choque entre o processo de letramento e o de alfabetização. Entendendo a problemática do ponto de vista da saúde pública, propõe-se um programa de atendimento ao professor, cujo objetivo é o esclarecimento da escola com relação ao seu papel de co-construtora do processo de letramento da criança, devolvendo-lhe a responsabilidade pelo sucesso e/ou fracasso da alfabetização.

  12. Fonoaudiologia em saúde pública

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Freire Regina M.

    1992-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se obter o entendimento das funções do fonoaudiólogo enquanto profissional da saúde. Discutem-se as dificuldades ligadas à implantação de um serviço novo, estranho às Unidades Básicas de Saúde. A seguir, analisa-se a demanda pelo serviço de Fonoaudiologia em postos de saúde, e verifica-se que 32% da população que busca esse serviço está em idade escolar e vem encaminhada pelas escolas, com queixa de problemas de aprendizagem. Uma aproximação maior dessas crianças, através do atendimento fonoaudiológico, delineia uma outra realidade: a de que não se pode considerar como distúrbio/desvio/problema/patologia marcas gráficas que se constituem como indícios do choque entre o processo de letramento e o de alfabetização. Entendendo a problemática do ponto de vista da saúde pública, propõe-se um programa de atendimento ao professor, cujo objetivo é o esclarecimento da escola com relação ao seu papel de co-construtora do processo de letramento da criança, devolvendo-lhe a responsabilidade pelo sucesso e/ou fracasso da alfabetização.

  13. Levels in 146Ce and the N = 88 isotones

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gowdy, G.M.; Chrien, R.E.; Chu, Y.Y.

    1981-01-01

    An investigation of the level structure of 146 Ce following the beta decay of the low-spin isomer of 146 La has been carried out at the ISOL facility TRISTAN at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The half-life for the low spin isomer was found to be 6.0 +- 0.4s. A partial level scheme for 146 Ce below 2 MeV is given. The level energies and some B(E2) values extracted from our data have been compared with IBA-2 calculations done entirely with extrapolated parameters from neighboring Z nuclei in order to check the predictive power of the model. Systematics of the Z = 58 isotopes and N = 88 isotones indicate that although 146 Ce is more deformed than its isotones with Z greater than or equal to 60, the transition to the well-deformed region can probably more correctly be thought to occur after 146 Ce, between N = 88 and N = 90, as it does for Z greater than or equal to 60. The abrupt onset of deformation present in the higher Z isotopes is not seen in the Ce isotopes where the trend is found to be rather smooth throughout

  14. Integrating gravimetric and interferometric synthetic aperture radar data for enhancing reservoir history matching of carbonate gas and volatile oil reservoirs

    KAUST Repository

    Katterbauer, Klemens

    2016-08-25

    Reservoir history matching is assuming a critical role in understanding reservoir characteristics, tracking water fronts, and forecasting production. While production data have been incorporated for matching reservoir production levels and estimating critical reservoir parameters, the sparse spatial nature of this dataset limits the efficiency of the history matching process. Recently, gravimetry techniques have significantly advanced to the point of providing measurement accuracy in the microgal range and consequently can be used for the tracking of gas displacement caused by water influx. While gravity measurements provide information on subsurface density changes, i.e., the composition of the reservoir, these data do only yield marginal information about temporal displacements of oil and inflowing water. We propose to complement gravimetric data with interferometric synthetic aperture radar surface deformation data to exploit the strong pressure deformation relationship for enhancing fluid flow direction forecasts. We have developed an ensemble Kalman-filter-based history matching framework for gas, gas condensate, and volatile oil reservoirs, which synergizes time-lapse gravity and interferometric synthetic aperture radar data for improved reservoir management and reservoir forecasts. Based on a dual state-parameter estimation algorithm separating the estimation of static reservoir parameters from the dynamic reservoir parameters, our numerical experiments demonstrate that history matching gravity measurements allow monitoring the density changes caused by oil-gas phase transition and water influx to determine the saturation levels, whereas the interferometric synthetic aperture radar measurements help to improve the forecasts of hydrocarbon production and water displacement directions. The reservoir estimates resulting from the dual filtering scheme are on average 20%-40% better than those from the joint estimation scheme, but require about a 30% increase in

  15. Design Techniques and Reservoir Simulation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ahad Fereidooni

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Enhanced oil recovery using nitrogen injection is a commonly applied method for pressure maintenance in conventional reservoirs. Numerical simulations can be practiced for the prediction of a reservoir performance in the course of injection process; however, a detailed simulation might take up enormous computer processing time. In such cases, a simple statistical model may be a good approach to the preliminary prediction of the process without any application of numerical simulation. In the current work, seven rock/fluid reservoir properties are considered as screening parameters and those parameters having the most considerable effect on the process are determined using the combination of experimental design techniques and reservoir simulations. Therefore, the statistical significance of the main effects and interactions of screening parameters are analyzed utilizing statistical inference approaches. Finally, the influential parameters are employed to create a simple statistical model which allows the preliminary prediction of nitrogen injection in terms of a recovery factor without resorting to numerical simulations.

  16. Nanocrystalline Mn-Mo-Ce Oxide Anode Doped Rare Earth Ce and Its Selective Electro-catalytic Performance

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    SHI Yan-hua

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available The anode oxide of nanocrystalline Mn-Mo-Ce was prepared by anode electro-deposition technology, and its nanostructure and selective electro-catalytic performance were investigated using the SEM, EDS, XRD, HRTEM, electrochemical technology and oxygen evolution efficiency testing. Furthermore, the selective electro-catalytic mechanism of oxygen evolution and chlorine depression was discussed. The results show that the mesh-like nanostructure Mn-Mo-Ce oxide anode with little cerium doped is obtained, and the oxygen evolution efficiency for the anode in the seawater is 99.51%, which means a high efficiency for the selective electro-catalytic for the oxygen evolution. Due to the structural characteristics of γ-MnO2, the OH- ion is preferentially absorbed, while Cl- absorption is depressed. OH- accomplishes the oxygen evolution process during the valence transition electrocatalysis of Mn4+/Mn3+, completing the selective electro-catalysis process. Ce doping greatly increases the reaction activity, and promotes the absorption and discharge; the rising interplanar spacing between active (100 crystalline plane promotes OH- motion and the escape of newborn O2, so that the selective electro-catalytic property with high efficient oxygen evolution and chlorine depression is achieved from the nano morphology effect.

  17. Effects of Surfactants on the Performance of CeO2 Humidity Sensor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chunjie Wang

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Nanosized CeO2 powders were synthesized via hydrothermal method with different types of surfactants (polyethylene glycol (PEG, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS. X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were utilized to characterize the phase structures and morphologies of the products. The sample with CTAB as surfactant (CeO2-C has the largest specific surface area and the smallest particle size among these three samples. The humidity sensor fabricated by CeO2-C shows higher performance than those used CeO2-P and CeO2-S. The impedance of the CeO2-C sensor decreases by about five orders of magnitude with relative humidity (RH changing from 15.7 to 95%. The response and recovery time are 7 and 7 s, respectively. These results indicate that the performance of CeO2 humidity sensors can be improved effectively by the addition of cationic surfactant.

  18. O complexo industrial da saúde e a necessidade de um enfoque dinâmico na economia da saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Augusto Grabois Gadelha

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available O artigo desenvolve um enfoque analítico voltado para o estudo do complexo industrial da saúde, englobando o conjunto das atividades produtivas e suas relações de interdependência, segundo uma perspectiva de economia política e da inovação. A lógica empresarial capitalista penetra em todos os segmentos produtivos, envolvendo tanto as indústrias que já operavam tradicionalmente nessas bases quanto segmentos que possuíam formas de organização em que era possível verificar a convivência de lógicas empresariais com outras que dela se afastavam, como a produção de vacinas e produtos biológicos, fitoderivados e a prestação de serviços de saúde. O artigo analisa a interação entre o sistema de saúde e o sistema econômico-industrial, mostrando como tem havido uma dicotomia na relação entre ambos, que se exprime na deterioração do potencial de inovação do país e numa crescente e preocupante vulnerabilidade externa da política de saúde. Sugere-se que o enfoque neoclássico tradicional da economia da saúde é insuficiente para tratar do complexo industrial da saúde, dada a intensidade do processo de mudança estrutural, e a necessidade de um enfoque teórico alternativo que incorpore a dinâmica de transformação econômica e institucional, de acumulação e de inovação.

  19. Numerical error in electron orbits with large ωceδt

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Parker, S.E.; Birdsall, C.K.

    1989-01-01

    We have found that running electrostatic particle codes relatively large ω ce Δt in some circumstances does not significantly affect the physical results. We first present results from a single particle mover finding the correct first order drifts for large ω ce Δt. We then characterize the numerical orbit of the Boris algorithm for rotation when ω ce Δt much-gt 1. Next, an analysis of the guiding center motion is given showing why the first order drift is retained at large ω ce Δt. Lastly, we present a plasma simulation of a one dimensional cross field sheath, with large and small ω ce Δt, with very little difference in the results. 15 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab

  20. Stretch due to Penile Prosthesis Reservoir Migration

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E. Baten

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available A 43-year old patient presented to the emergency department with stretch, due to impossible deflation of the penile prosthesis, 4 years after successful implant. A CT-scan showed migration of the reservoir to the left rectus abdominis muscle. Refilling of the reservoir was inhibited by muscular compression, causing stretch. Removal and replacement of the reservoir was performed, after which the prosthesis was well-functioning again. Migration of the penile prosthesis reservoir is extremely rare but can cause several complications, such as stretch.

  1. Physical Model-Based Investigation of Reservoir Sedimentation Processes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cheng-Chia Huang

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Sedimentation is a serious problem in the operations of reservoirs. In Taiwan, the situation became worse after the Chi-Chi Earthquake recorded on 21 September 1999. The sediment trap efficiency in several regional reservoirs has been sharply increased, adversely affecting the operations on water supplies. According to the field record, the average annual sediment deposition observed in several regional reservoirs in Taiwan has been increased. For instance, the typhoon event recorded in 2008 at the Wushe Reservoir, Taiwan, produced a 3 m sediment deposit upstream of the dam. The remaining storage capacity in the Wushe Reservoir was reduced to 35.9% or a volume of 53.79 million m3 for flood water detention in 2010. It is urgent that research should be conducted to understand the sediment movement in the Wushe Reservoir. In this study, a scale physical model was built to reproduce the flood flow through the reservoir, investigate the long-term depositional pattern, and evaluate sediment trap efficiency. This allows us to estimate the residual life of the reservoir by proposing a modification of Brune’s method. It can be presented to predict the lifespan of Taiwan reservoirs due to higher applicability in both the physical model and the observed data.

  2. Reservoir Operating Rule Optimization for California's Sacramento Valley

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Timothy Nelson

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2016v14iss1art6Reservoir operating rules for water resource systems are typically developed by combining intuition, professional discussion, and simulation modeling. This paper describes a joint optimization–simulation approach to develop preliminary economically-based operating rules for major reservoirs in California’s Sacramento Valley, based on optimized results from CALVIN, a hydro-economic optimization model. We infer strategic operating rules from the optimization model results, including storage allocation rules to balance storage among multiple reservoirs, and reservoir release rules to determine monthly release for individual reservoirs. Results show the potential utility of considering previous year type on water availability and various system and sub-system storage conditions, in addition to normal consideration of local reservoir storage, season, and current inflows. We create a simple simulation to further refine and test the derived operating rules. Optimization model results show particular insights for balancing the allocation of water storage among Shasta, Trinity, and Oroville reservoirs over drawdown and refill seasons, as well as some insights for release rules at major reservoirs in the Sacramento Valley. We also discuss the applicability and limitations of developing reservoir operation rules from optimization model results.

  3. O conceito de saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Segre Marco

    1997-01-01

    Full Text Available Questiona-se a atual definição de saúde da Organização Mundial da Saúde: "situação de perfeito bem-estar físico, mental e social" da pessoa, considerada ultrapassada, primeiramente, por visar a uma perfeição inatingível, atentando-se as próprias características da personalidade. Menciona-se como principal sustentação dessa idéia, a renúncia necessária a parte da liberdade pulsional do homem, em troca da menor insegurança propiciada pelo convívio social. Discute-se a validade da distincão entre soma, psique e sociedade, esposando o conceito de homem "integrado", e registrando situações em que a interação entre os três aspectos citados é absolutamente cristalina. É revista a noção de qualidade de vida sob um vértice antipositivista. Essa priorização e proposta de resgate do subjetivismo, reverte a um questionamento da atual definição de saúde, toda ela embasada em avaliações externas, "objetivas", dessa situação.

  4. O conceito de saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marco Segre

    1997-10-01

    Full Text Available Questiona-se a atual definição de saúde da Organização Mundial da Saúde: "situação de perfeito bem-estar físico, mental e social" da pessoa, considerada ultrapassada, primeiramente, por visar a uma perfeição inatingível, atentando-se as próprias características da personalidade. Menciona-se como principal sustentação dessa idéia, a renúncia necessária a parte da liberdade pulsional do homem, em troca da menor insegurança propiciada pelo convívio social. Discute-se a validade da distincão entre soma, psique e sociedade, esposando o conceito de homem "integrado", e registrando situações em que a interação entre os três aspectos citados é absolutamente cristalina. É revista a noção de qualidade de vida sob um vértice antipositivista. Essa priorização e proposta de resgate do subjetivismo, reverte a um questionamento da atual definição de saúde, toda ela embasada em avaliações externas, "objetivas", dessa situação.

  5. Reflection Phenomena in Underground Pumped Storage Reservoirs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elena Pummer

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available Energy storage through hydropower leads to free surface water waves in the connected reservoirs. The reason for this is the movement of water between reservoirs at different elevations, which is necessary for electrical energy storage. Currently, the expansion of renewable energies requires the development of fast and flexible energy storage systems, of which classical pumped storage plants are the only technically proven and cost-effective technology and are the most used. Instead of classical pumped storage plants, where reservoirs are located on the surface, underground pumped storage plants with subsurface reservoirs could be an alternative. They are independent of topography and have a low surface area requirement. This can be a great advantage for energy storage expansion in case of environmental issues, residents’ concerns and an unusable terrain surface. However, the reservoirs of underground pumped storage plants differ in design from classical ones for stability and space reasons. The hydraulic design is essential to ensure their satisfactory hydraulic performance. The paper presents a hybrid model study, which is defined here as a combination of physical and numerical modelling to use the advantages and to compensate for the disadvantages of the respective methods. It shows the analysis of waves in ventilated underground reservoir systems with a great length to height ratio, considering new operational aspects from energy supply systems with a great percentage of renewable energies. The multifaceted and narrow design of the reservoirs leads to complex free surface flows; for example, undular and breaking bores arise. The results show excessive wave heights through wave reflections, caused by the impermeable reservoir boundaries. Hence, their knowledge is essential for a successful operational and constructive design of the reservoirs.

  6. IkusaSA. Integrated Assessment for Sustainability

    CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

    Scholes, RJ

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available , have intended and unintended consequences across a range of important issues. The IkusaSA model system comprises: ? A South African national IAM nested within one or more ?state-of-the-art? global IAMs that predict trade, climate change and human... the country and internationally. The IkusaSA mission is to establish Integrated Assessment Modeling (IAM) in South Africa. The goal is to put in place the tools for an integrated planning approach and provide effective information sharing mechanisms...

  7. Kefir ve Sağlık

    OpenAIRE

    DAYISOYLU, Kenan Sinan; KÖROĞLU, Özge; BAKIR, Esra; ULUDAĞ, Günsel; KÖROĞLU, Sedat

    2015-01-01

    Özet: Son yıllarda toplumlar beslenme konusunda giderek daha bilinçli hale gelmektedir. Beslenme konusunda temel talep olan sağlıklı ve güvenli gıdalar tüketebilme isteğinin yanında; insan sağlığına ek faydalar sağlayan, hastalıklardan koruma potansiyeli olan ve fonksiyonel gıda olarak adlandırılan ürünlere ulaşma isteği de giderek artmaktadır. Kefir, fonksiyonel gıdalardan probiyotikler alt kolunun önemli bir üyesi olup, içeriğinde birçok faydalı maya ve bakteri bulunduran, son yıllarda popü...

  8. Letramento funcional em saúde: reflexões e conceitos sobre seu impacto na interação entre usuários, profissionais e sistema de saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria da Penha Baião Passamai

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Letramento funcional em saúde (LFS é o grau pelo qual os indivíduos têm a capacidade para obter, processar e entender informações básicas e serviços necessários para a tomada de decisões adequadas em saúde. O tema preocupa pesquisadores/profissionais da saúde/formuladores de políticas públicas. Sua natureza interdisciplinar, relacional e interacional indica que o LFS sofre a influência dos sistemas de saúde/educacional, mídia, família, ambiente de trabalho/comunidade/decisão política. Analisam-se conceitos de LFS versus interação usuários-profissionais-sistema de saúde, norteando-se pelas questões: Em que consiste o LFS? Em que medida interfere na comunicação entre usuários, profissionais e sistema de saúde? Quais são suas consequências na saúde pública? Medidas para elevação do LFS devem melhorar as competências individuais e serviços de saúde humanizados, aperfeiçoando suas comunicações, escritas/orais, satisfazendo as necessidades/habilidades dos usuários.

  9. Climate variability and sedimentation of a hydropower reservoir

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Riedel, M.

    2008-01-01

    As part of the relicensing of a large Hydroelectric Project in the central Appalachians, large scale watershed and reservoir sedimentation models were developed to forecast potential sedimentation scenarios. The GIS based watershed model was spatially explicit and calibrated to long term observed data. Potential socio/economic development scenarios were used to construct future watershed land cover scenarios. Climatic variability and potential change analysis were used to identify future climate regimes and shifts in precipitation and temperature patterns. Permutations of these development and climate changes were forecasted over 50 years and used to develop sediment yield regimes to the project reservoir. Extensive field work and reservoir survey, including current and wave instrumentation, were used to characterize the project watershed, rivers and reservoir hydrodynamics. A fully 3 dimensional hydrodynamic reservoir sedimentation model was developed for the project and calibrated to observed data. Hydrologic and sedimentation results from watershed forecasting provided boundary conditions for reservoir inputs. The calibrated reservoir model was then used to forecast changes in reservoir sedimentation and storage capacity under different future climate scenarios. Results indicated unique zones of advancing sediment deltas and temporary storage areas. Forecasted changes in reservoir bathymetry and sedimentation patterns were also developed for the various climate change scenarios. The warmer and wetter scenario produced sedimentation impacts similar to extensive development under no climate change. The results of these analyses are being used to develop collaborative watershed and soil conservation partnerships to reduce future soil losses and reservoir sedimentation from projected development. (author)

  10. On the response of Y 3Al 5O 12: Ce (YAG: Ce) powder scintillating screens to medical imaging X-rays

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kandarakis, I.; Cavouras, D.; Sianoudis, I.; Nikolopoulos, D.; Episkopakis, A.; Linardatos, D.; Margetis, D.; Nirgianaki, E.; Roussou, M.; Melissaropoulos, P.; Kalivas, N.; Kalatzis, I.; Kourkoutas, K.; Dimitropoulos, N.; Louizi, A.; Nomicos, C.; Panayiotakis, G.

    2005-02-01

    The aim of this study was to examine Y 3Al 5O 12:Ce (also known as YAG:Ce) powder scintillator under X-ray imaging conditions. This material shows a very fast scintillation decay time and it has never been used in X-ray medical imaging. In the present study various scintillator layers (screens) with coating thickness ranging from 13 to 166 mg/cm 2 were prepared in our laboratory by sedimentation of Y 3Al 5O 12: Ce powder. Optical emission spectra and light emission efficiency (spectrum area over X-ray exposure) of the layers were measured under X-ray excitation using X-ray tube voltages (80-120 kVp) often employed in general medical radiography and fluoroscopy. Spectral compatibility with various optical photon detectors (photodiodes, photocathodes, charge coupled devices, films) and intrinsic conversion efficiency values were determined using emission spectrum data. In addition, parameters related to X-ray detection, energy absorption efficiency and K-fluorescence characteristic emission were calculated. A theoretical model describing radiation and light transfer through scattering media was used to fit experimental data. Intrinsic conversion efficiency (η≈0.03-0.05) and light attenuation coefficients (σ≈26.5 cm/g) were derived through this fitting. Y 3Al 5O 12:Ce showed peak emission in the wavelength range 530-550 nm. The light emission efficiency was found to be maximum for the 107 mg/cm 2 layer. Due to its "green" emission spectrum, Y 3Al 5O 12:Ce showed excellent compatibility (of the order of 0.9) with the sensitivity of many currently used photodetectors. Taking into account its very fast response Y 3Al 5O 12:Ce could be considered for application in X-ray imaging especially in various digital detectors.

  11. On the response of Y3Al5O12: Ce (YAG: Ce) powder scintillating screens to medical imaging X-rays

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kandarakis, I.; Cavouras, D.; Sianoudis, I.; Nikolopoulos, D.; Episkopakis, A.; Linardatos, D.; Margetis, D.; Nirgianaki, E.; Roussou, M.; Melissaropoulos, P.; Kalivas, N.; Kalatzis, I.; Kourkoutas, K.; Dimitropoulos, N.; Louizi, A.; Nomicos, C.; Panayiotakis, G.

    2005-01-01

    The aim of this study was to examine Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce (also known as YAG:Ce) powder scintillator under X-ray imaging conditions. This material shows a very fast scintillation decay time and it has never been used in X-ray medical imaging. In the present study various scintillator layers (screens) with coating thickness ranging from 13 to 166mg/cm 2 were prepared in our laboratory by sedimentation of Y 3 Al 5 O 12 : Ce powder. Optical emission spectra and light emission efficiency (spectrum area over X-ray exposure) of the layers were measured under X-ray excitation using X-ray tube voltages (80-120kVp) often employed in general medical radiography and fluoroscopy. Spectral compatibility with various optical photon detectors (photodiodes, photocathodes, charge coupled devices, films) and intrinsic conversion efficiency values were determined using emission spectrum data. In addition, parameters related to X-ray detection, energy absorption efficiency and K-fluorescence characteristic emission were calculated. A theoretical model describing radiation and light transfer through scattering media was used to fit experimental data. Intrinsic conversion efficiency (ηC ∼0.03-0.05) and light attenuation coefficients (σ∼26.5cm 2 /g) were derived through this fitting. Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce showed peak emission in the wavelength range 530-550nm. The light emission efficiency was found to be maximum for the 107mg/cm 2 layer. Due to its 'green' emission spectrum, Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce showed excellent compatibility (of the order of 0.9) with the sensitivity of many currently used photodetectors. Taking into account its very fast response Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce could be considered for application in X-ray imaging especially in various digital detectors

  12. Oxidative Ce"3"+ sequestration by fungal manganese oxides with an associated Mn(II) oxidase activity

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zheng, Haisu; Tani, Yukinori; Naitou, Hirotaka; Miyata, Naoyuki; Tojo, Fuyumi

    2016-01-01

    Sequestration of Ce"3"+ by biogenic manganese oxides (BMOs) formed by a Mn(II)-oxidizing fungus, Acremonium strictum strain KR21-2, was examined at pH 6.0. In anaerobic Ce"3"+ solution, newly formed BMOs exhibited stoichiometric Ce"3"+ oxidation, where the molar ratio of Ce"3"+ sequestered (Ce_s_e_q) relative to Mn"2"+ released (Mn_r_e_l) was maintained at approximately two throughout the reaction. A similar Ce"3"+ sequestration trend was observed in anaerobic treatment of BMOs in which the associated Mn(II) oxidase was completely inactivated by heating at 85 °C for 1 h or by adding 50 mM NaN_3. Aerobic Ce"3"+ treatment of newly formed BMO (enzymatically active) resulted in excessive Ce"3"+ sequestration over Mn"2"+ release, yielding Ce_s_e_q/Mn_r_e_l > 200, whereas heated or poisoned BMOs released a significant amount of Mn"2"+ with lower Ce"3"+ sequestration efficiency. Consequently, self-regeneration by the Mn(II) oxidase in newly formed BMO effectively suppressed Mn"2"+ release and enhanced oxidative Ce"3"+ sequestration under aerobic conditions. Repeated treatments of heated or poisoned BMOs under aerobic conditions confirmed that oxidative Ce"3"+ sequestration continued even after most Mn oxide was released from the solid phase, indicating auto-catalytic Ce"3"+ oxidation at the solid phase produced through primary Ce"3"+ oxidation by BMO. From X-ray diffraction analysis, the resultant solid phases formed through Ce"3"+ oxidation by BMO under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions consisted of cerianite with crystal sizes of 5.00–7.23 Å. Such nano-sized CeO_2 (CeO_2_,_B_M_O) showed faster auto-catalytic Ce"3"+ oxidation than that on well-crystalized cerianite under aerobic conditions, where the normalized pseudo-first order rate constants for auto-catalytic Ce"3"+ oxidation on CeO_2_,_B_M_O was two orders of magnitude higher. Consequently, we concluded that Ce"3"+ contact with BMOs sequesters Ce"3"+ through two oxidation paths: primary Ce"3

  13. The Fermi surface of CeSb

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Crabtree, G.W.; Aoki, H.; Joss, W.; Hulliger, F.

    1987-01-01

    This paper uses accurate Fermi surface measurements as a test of hybridization models in CeSb. Detailed measurements of the Fermi surface geometry and effective masses are presented which show a number of unusual properties associated with the magnetic structure and anisotropy. Measurements are compared with predictions of a band structure in which the f-electron is assumed to be local, interacting with the conduction electrons only through anisotropic Coulomb and exchange interactions. This model reproduces all the unusual features observed in the measurements and suggests that hybridization is not essential to describing the electronic properties of CeSb

  14. Application of Reservoir Characterization and Advanced Technology to Improve Recovery and Economics in a Lower Quality Shallow Shelf Carbonate Reservoir

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hickman, Scott T.; Justice James L.; Taylor, Archie R.

    1999-01-01

    The Class 2 Project at West Welch was designed to demonstrate the use of advanced technologies to enhance the economics of improved oil recovery (IOR) projects in lower quality Shallow Shelf Carbonate (SSC) reservoirs, resulting in recovery of additional oil that would otherwise be left in the reservoir at project abandonment. Accurate reservoir description is critical to the effective evaluation and efficient design of IOR projects in the heterogeneous SSC reservoirs

  15. 33 CFR 110.77 - Amistad Reservoir, Tex.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Amistad Reservoir, Tex. 110.77... ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.77 Amistad Reservoir, Tex. (a) Diablo East, Tex. That portion of the Amistad Reservoir enclosed by a line connecting the following points, excluding a 300-foot...

  16. Method of extracting heat from dry geothermal reservoirs

    Science.gov (United States)

    Potter, R.M.; Robinson, E.S.; Smith, M.C.

    1974-01-22

    Hydraulic fracturing is used to interconnect two or more holes that penetrate a previously dry geothermal reservoir, and to produce within the reservoir a sufficiently large heat-transfer surface so that heat can be extracted from the reservoir at a usefully high rate by a fluid entering it through one hole and leaving it through another. Introduction of a fluid into the reservoir to remove heat from it and establishment of natural (unpumped) convective circulation through the reservoir to accomplish continuous heat removal are important and novel features of the method. (auth)

  17. Photoluminescence analysis of Ce3+:Zn2SiO4 & Li++ Ce3+:Zn2SiO4: phosphors by a sol-gel method

    Science.gov (United States)

    Babu, B. Chandra; Vandana, C. Sai; Guravamma, J.; Rudramadevi, B. Hemalatha; Buddhudu, S.

    2015-06-01

    Here, we report on the development and photoluminescence analysis of Zn2SiO4, Ce3+:Zn2SiO4 & Li+ + Ce3+: Zn2SiO4 novel powder phosphors prepared by a sol-gel technique. The total amount of Ce3+ ions was kept constant in this experiment at 0.05 mol% total doping. The excitation and emission spectra of undoped (Zn2SiO4) and Ce3+ doped Zn2SiO4 and 0.05 mol% Li+ co-doped samples have been investigated. Cerium doped Zn2SiO4 powder phosphors had broad blue emission corresponding to the 2D3/2→2FJ transition at 443nm. Stable green-yellow-red emission has been observed from Zn2SiO4 host matrix and also we have been observed the enhanced luminescence of Li+ co-doped Zn2SiO4:Ce3+. Excitation and emission spectra of these blue luminescent phosphors have been analyzed in evaluating their potential as luminescent screen coating phosphors.

  18. Intermediate Ce{sup 3+} defect level induced photoluminescence and third-order nonlinear optical effects in TiO{sub 2}-CeO{sub 2} nanocomposites

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Divya, S.; Nampoori, V.P.N.; Radhakrishnan, P.; Mujeeb, A. [Cochin University of Science and Technology, International School of Photonics, Cochin, Kerala (India)

    2014-02-15

    We report on the linear and nonlinear optical studies of TiO{sub 2}-CeO{sub 2} nanocomposites. It was found that the band gap of the nanocomposite can be tuned by varying Ce/Ti content. Nonlinear absorption characteristics of these samples were studied by employing open aperture Z-scan technique using an Nd:YAG laser (532 nm, 7 ns, 10 Hz). It has been observed that as the CeO{sub 2} amount increases, band gap of the nanocomposites decreases and the reason proposed for the change in band gap is the smudging of localised states of Ce{sup 3+} into the forbidden energy gap, thus acting as the intermediate state. Fluorescence studies confirmed the above argument. Nonlinear investigation revealed that with increase in the CeO{sub 2} amount, the two-photon absorption coefficient increased due to the modification of TiO{sub 2} dipole symmetry. Suitable candidature of the nanocomposites for the fabrication of nonlinear optical devices was proved by determining the optical limiting threshold. (orig.)

  19. /sup 144/Ce in tissue of beagle dogs after inhalation of CeCl/sub 3/ with special emphasis on endocrine glands and reproductive organs

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cuddihy, R G; Boecker, B B; McClellan, R O; Kanapilly, G M [Lovelace Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Albuquerque, N.Mex. (USA)

    1976-01-01

    Beagle dogs inhaled aerosols containing /sup 144/CeCl/sub 3/. Deposition of /sup 144/Ce in tissues was determined in serially sacrificed dogs to characterize radiation dose patterns at early times after exposure. Uptakes of /sup 144/Ce in endocrine glands and reproductive organs were also measured; radiation doses were calculated and those doses were compared with the doses to the major organs of deposition - lung, liver and skeleton. Integrated radiation doses in pituitary and adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes, prostate and uterus were less than 2 % of those in lung and liver, while the thyroid dose was about 30 % of the dose in liver. These findings were consistent with previously reported biological responses in beagle dogs exposed to high levels of /sup 144/CeCl/sub 3/ wherein no radiation effects related to endocrine glands or the reproductive system have been observed. Use of these results in predicting the dosimetry of /sup 144/Ce in exposed humans re-emphasized the importance of radiation damage to lung, liver, skeleton and gastrointestinal tract compared to other organ systems.

  20. Nonstoichiometry and stability in water of undoped SrCeO3

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jurado, J. R.

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available Strontium cerate is the parent phase of an important class of proton-conducting perovskites with various potential technological applications. Phase formation and structure of SrCeO3 with Sr:Ce nonstoichiometry have been investigated for the series, Sr1±xCeO3±δ (0.98 ≤ x ≤ 1.04. Analyses by EPMA (electron probe micro analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD indicate that, for samples sintered at 1350°C, the main phase is Sr-rich for all x. The accommodation of excess SrO in the bulk phase and/or intergranular regions is discussed. The stability of nominally stoichiometric SrCeO3 was examined in an atmosphere of high water vapour partial pressure (pH2O for 2 hours, degrading to Sr(OH2.H2O and CeO2 for pH2O ≥ 3.6atm.La fase SrCeO3 da origen a una importante familia de perovskitas conductoras protónicas con potenciales aplicaciones tecnológicas. En este trabajo se estudia la formación de la fase y la estructura de SrCeO3 con la relación Sr:Ce no estequiométrica para la serie Sr1±xCeO3±δ (0.98 ≤ x ≤ 1.04. Los análisis por microsonda (EPMA y difracción de rayos X (DRX indican que en las muestras sinterizadas a 1350°C, la fase principal es rica en estroncio para todo valor de x. Se discute la posible ubicación del exceso de SrO tanto en la región intergranular como en el propio grano. También se examina la estabilidad de la composición con estequiometría nominal SrCeO3 en una atmosfera con una alta presión de vapor de agua (pH2O, observándose que la degradación a Sr(OH2.H2O y CeO2 ocurre a pH2O ≥ 3.6atm (expuesto durante 2 horas.

  1. Major and trace elements assessment in sediment from Ituparanga reservoir, by activation analysis and ICP OES

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Silva, Sharlleny A., E-mail: sharllenya@cetesbnet.sp.gov.br [Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental (CETESB), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Lab. de Quimica Inorganica; Bevilacqua, Jose Eduardo [Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental (CETESB), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Diretoria de Tecnologia, Qualidade e Avaliacao Ambiental; Favaro, Deborah I.T., E-mail: defavaro@ipen.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Lab. de Analise por Ativacao Neutronica

    2011-07-01

    The Ituparanga reservoir was built to generate electric power by the LIGHT Company and started its operation in 1912. It is fed by the Una, Sorocamirim and Sorocabucu rivers. This reservoir supplies water to a population of 600.000. This water system is affected by irregular soil occupation and urban development which has caught CETESB's (Environmental Company of Sao Paulo State) attention. In this study four geo-referenced sampling points were used and bottom sediment samples were collected. The sediment samples were dried at 400 deg C, ground in an agate mortar, sieved (200 mesh) and again homogenized. The instrumental neutron activation analysis was applied to the sediment samples in order to determine some major elements (Fe, K and Na), trace (As, Ba, Br, Co, Cr, Cs, Hf, Rb, Sb, Sc, Ta, Tb, Th, U and Zn) and rare earth (Ce, Eu, La, Lu, Nd, Sm, Tb and Yb) elements. By using ICP OES metals determination for Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Ni was undertaken after digestion procedure according to the 3051 method from US EPA. The methodology validation for precision and accuracy was carried out by reference material analyses. For metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Ni the concentration values were compared to the oriented values from Environmental Canada (TEL and PEL). The Enrichment Factor (EF) was calculated for sediment contamination assessment. (author)

  2. Major and trace elements assessment in sediment from Ituparanga reservoir, by activation analysis and ICP OES

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Silva, Sharlleny A.; Bevilacqua, Jose Eduardo; Favaro, Deborah I.T.

    2011-01-01

    The Ituparanga reservoir was built to generate electric power by the LIGHT Company and started its operation in 1912. It is fed by the Una, Sorocamirim and Sorocabucu rivers. This reservoir supplies water to a population of 600.000. This water system is affected by irregular soil occupation and urban development which has caught CETESB's (Environmental Company of Sao Paulo State) attention. In this study four geo-referenced sampling points were used and bottom sediment samples were collected. The sediment samples were dried at 400 deg C, ground in an agate mortar, sieved (200 mesh) and again homogenized. The instrumental neutron activation analysis was applied to the sediment samples in order to determine some major elements (Fe, K and Na), trace (As, Ba, Br, Co, Cr, Cs, Hf, Rb, Sb, Sc, Ta, Tb, Th, U and Zn) and rare earth (Ce, Eu, La, Lu, Nd, Sm, Tb and Yb) elements. By using ICP OES metals determination for Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Ni was undertaken after digestion procedure according to the 3051 method from US EPA. The methodology validation for precision and accuracy was carried out by reference material analyses. For metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Ni the concentration values were compared to the oriented values from Environmental Canada (TEL and PEL). The Enrichment Factor (EF) was calculated for sediment contamination assessment. (author)

  3. Synthesis, characterization, and ecotoxicity of CeO{sub 2} nanoparticles with differing properties

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Alam, Bushra [Aero Shade Technologies Inc (United States); Philippe, Allan, E-mail: philippe@uni-landau.de; Rosenfeldt, Ricki R.; Seitz, Frank [University of Koblenz-Landau, Group of Environmental and Soil Chemistry, Institute for Environmental Sciences (Germany); Dey, Sonal [SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering (United States); Bundschuh, Mirco; Schaumann, Gabriele E. [University of Koblenz-Landau, Group of Environmental and Soil Chemistry, Institute for Environmental Sciences (Germany); Brenner, Sara A. [SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering (United States)

    2016-10-15

    CeO{sub 2} nanoparticles with various characteristics find an increasing number of applications in the electronic, medical, and other industries and are therefore likely released in the environment. This calls for investigations linking the physicochemical properties of these particles with their potential environmental impacts. In this study, CeO{sub 2} nanoparticle powders were prepared using three different precursors [Ce(NO{sub 3}){sub 3}, CeCl{sub 3}, and Ce(CH{sub 3}COO){sub 3}] and annealing temperatures (300, 500, and 700 °C). This procedure resulted in nine different types of nanoparticles with differing size (5–90 nm), morphology, surface Ce{sup 3+}/Ce{sup 4+} ratio, and slightly different crystal structures as characterized using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction measurements with Rietveld refinement. These CeO{sub 2} nanoparticles underwent toxicity testing at concentrations up to 64 mg L{sup −1} using Daphnia magna. Toxic effects were observed for three particle types with EC50 values between 5 and 64 mg L{sup −1}. No clear correlation was observed between the physicochemical properties (size, shape, oxygen occupancy, Ce{sup 3+}/Ce{sup 4+} ratio) of the nanoparticles and their toxicity. However, toxicity was correlated with the amount of Ce remaining suspended in the test medium after 24 h. This indicated that toxic effects may depend on the colloidal stability of CeO{sub 2} nanoparticles during the first day of exposure. Therefore, being readily suspended and remaining stable for several days in the aquatic media increases the likelihood that CeO{sub 2} nanoparticles will cause unwanted adverse effects.

  4. SA Journal of Radiology

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    SA Journal of Radiology. Journal Home · ABOUT THIS JOURNAL · Advanced Search · Current Issue · Archives · Journal Home > Vol 19, No 2 (2015) >. Log in or Register to get access to full text downloads.

  5. SA Journal of Radiology

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    SA Journal of Radiology. Journal Home · ABOUT THIS JOURNAL · Advanced Search · Current Issue · Archives · Journal Home > Vol 21, No 1 (2017) >. Log in or Register to get access to full text downloads.

  6. Reservoir simulation with MUFITS code: Extension for double porosity reservoirs and flows in horizontal wells

    Science.gov (United States)

    Afanasyev, Andrey

    2017-04-01

    Numerical modelling of multiphase flows in porous medium is necessary in many applications concerning subsurface utilization. An incomplete list of those applications includes oil and gas fields exploration, underground carbon dioxide storage and geothermal energy production. The numerical simulations are conducted using complicated computer programs called reservoir simulators. A robust simulator should include a wide range of modelling options covering various exploration techniques, rock and fluid properties, and geological settings. In this work we present a recent development of new options in MUFITS code [1]. The first option concerns modelling of multiphase flows in double-porosity double-permeability reservoirs. We describe internal representation of reservoir models in MUFITS, which are constructed as a 3D graph of grid blocks, pipe segments, interfaces, etc. In case of double porosity reservoir, two linked nodes of the graph correspond to a grid cell. We simulate the 6th SPE comparative problem [2] and a five-spot geothermal production problem to validate the option. The second option concerns modelling of flows in porous medium coupled with flows in horizontal wells that are represented in the 3D graph as a sequence of pipe segments linked with pipe junctions. The well completions link the pipe segments with reservoir. The hydraulics in the wellbore, i.e. the frictional pressure drop, is calculated in accordance with Haaland's formula. We validate the option against the 7th SPE comparative problem [3]. We acknowledge financial support by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project No RFBR-15-31-20585). References [1] Afanasyev, A. MUFITS Reservoir Simulation Software (www.mufits.imec.msu.ru). [2] Firoozabadi A. et al. Sixth SPE Comparative Solution Project: Dual-Porosity Simulators // J. Petrol. Tech. 1990. V.42. N.6. P.710-715. [3] Nghiem L., et al. Seventh SPE Comparative Solution Project: Modelling of Horizontal Wells in Reservoir Simulation

  7. Luminescence properties of LiPrxCe1-xP4O12

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shalapska, T.; Stryganyuka, G.; Trotsc, D.; Demkiv, T.; Gektin, A.; Voloshinovskii, A.; Dorenbos, P.

    2010-01-01

    LiPr 1-x Ce x P 4 O 12 (x=0, 0.002, 0.02; 0.1) powder samples were prepared using the melt solution technique. Luminescent parameters of LiPr 1-x Ce x P 4 O 12 phosphors have been investigated under ultraviolet-vacuum ultraviolet (3-12 eV) synchrotron radiation and X-rays excitation at room and near liquid He temperatures. Excitation luminescence spectra of Ce 3+ emission, luminescent spectra and decay curves from the lower excited state levels of the 4f 1 5d 1 and 5d 1 electronic configuration of the Pr 3+ and Ce 3+ , respectively, clearly indicate energy transfer from Pr 3+ to Ce 3+ . Energy migration proceeds via the Pr-sublattice followed by nonradiation transfer from Pr 3+ to Ce 3+ ions.

  8. Quantification of Libby Reservoir Water Levels Needed to Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries, 1988-1996 Methods and Data Summary.

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dalbey, Steven Ray

    1998-03-01

    The Libby Reservoir study is part of the Northwest Power Planning Council's resident fish and wildlife program. The program was mandated by the Northwest Planning Act of 1980, and is responsible for mitigating for damages to fish and wildlife caused by hydroelectric development in the Columbia River Basin. The objective of Phase I of the project (1983 through 1987) was to maintain or enhance the Libby Reservoir fishery by quantifying seasonal water levels and developing ecologically sound operational guidelines. The objective of Phase II of the project (1988 through 1996) was to determine the biological effects of reservoir operations combined with biotic changes associated with an aging reservoir. This report summarizes the data collected from Libby Reservoir during 1988 through 1996.

  9. FEASIBILITY STUDY OF SEDIMENT FLUSHING FROM MOSUL RESERVOIR, IRAQ

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thair Mahmood Al-Taiee

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available The Feasibility of sediment flushing  from Mosul reservoir located northern iraq was conducted. Many up to date world criteria and indices for checking the efficiency of sediment flushing from reservoir which have been got through analyzing large amount of  data from many flushed reservoirs  in the world which were depended tested and applied in the present case study (Mosul Reservoir. These criteria and indices depend mainly on the hydrological , hydraulic and  topographical properties of the reservoirs in-addition to the operation plan of the reservoirs. They gave a good indication for checking the efficiency of the sediment flushing  process in the reservoirs. It was concluded that approximately the main criteria for the successful flushing sediment was  verified  in  Mosul  reservoir  such as  Sediment Balance Ratio   (SBR and the Long Term Capacity Ratio (LTCR,the shape factor  of reservoir (W/L and the hydraulic condition such as the percentage of (Qf/Qin and (Vf/Vin. This gave an indication that the processes of flushing sediment in Mosul reservoir is probably feasible and may be applied  in the future to maintain the water storage in the reservoir.

  10. Imaging fluid/solid interactions in hydrocarbon reservoir rocks.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Uwins, P J; Baker, J C; Mackinnon, I D

    1993-08-01

    The environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) has been used to image liquid hydrocarbons in sandstones and oil shales. Additionally, the fluid sensitivity of selected clay minerals in hydrocarbon reservoirs was assessed via three case studies: HCl acid sensitivity of authigenic chlorite in sandstone reservoirs, freshwater sensitivity of authigenic illite/smectite in sandstone reservoirs, and bleach sensitivity of a volcanic reservoir containing abundant secondary chlorite/corrensite. The results showed the suitability of using ESEM for imaging liquid hydrocarbon films in hydrocarbon reservoirs and the importance of simulating in situ fluid-rock interactions for hydrocarbon production programmes. In each case, results of the ESEM studies greatly enhanced prediction of reservoir/borehole reactions and, in some cases, contradicted conventional wisdom regarding the outcome of potential engineering solutions.

  11. The impact of hydraulic flow unit & reservoir quality index on pressure profile and productivity index in multi-segments reservoirs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Salam Al-Rbeawi

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available The objective of this paper is studying the impact of the hydraulic flow unit and reservoir quality index (RQI on pressure profile and productivity index of horizontal wells acting in finite reservoirs. Several mathematical models have been developed to investigate this impact. These models have been built based on the pressure distribution in porous media, depleted by a horizontal well, consist of multi hydraulic flow units and different reservoir quality index. The porous media are assumed to be finite rectangular reservoirs having different configurations and the wellbores may have different lengths. Several analytical models describing flow regimes have been derived wherein hydraulic flow units and reservoir quality index have been included in addition to rock and fluid properties. The impact of these two parameters on reservoir performance has also been studied using steady state productivity index.It has been found that both pressure responses and flow regimes are highly affected by the existence of multiple hydraulic flow units in the porous media and the change in reservoir quality index for these units. Positive change in the RQI could lead to positive change in both pressure drop required for reservoir fluids to move towards the wellbore and hence the productivity index.

  12. Kakaibang Halimuyak: Iba't Ibang Imahe ng Pangangapital sa Balintawak

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariah Amour C. Miranda

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Ginagalugad ng sanaysay na ito ang isang pangunahing lugar na nadaraanan mula Norte patungong Maynila—ang Balintawak. Nagsisilbing manibela ng pagsusuri ang kontemporaneong pananaw sa lunan bilang pugad ng mga anyong may magkakasalungat na kahulugan. Binibigyang-pansin ng sanaysay ang iba't ibang imahe ng pagbebenta na matatagpuan sa Balintawak: ang billboard ng kumpanyang Bench na siyang pinakamalaki, ang mismong palengke, at ang mga lakong paninda sa tabing-kalsada. Sa pamamagitan nito, maipapakita ng sanaysay kung paano madadalumat ang Balintawak bilang isang panlipunang texto na sumasalamin sa mga magkakaibang pangangapital sa naturang lunan. This essay explores the space of Balintawak—a focal point of urban travel from northern Luzon to Manila. Using the contemporary view on space as a site of structures with contradictory meanings, the study seeks to understand how various images of market activities in Balintawak create meaningful representations. These images include the gigantic billboard of Bench, the central market itself, and flea markets in the area. The essay shows how Balintawak as a social text serves as a trading center of different forms of capital.

  13. Ethylene Glycol Adsorption and Reaction over CeOX(111) Thin Films

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    T Chen; D Mullins

    2011-12-31

    This study reports the interaction of ethylene glycol with well-ordered CeO{sub x}(111) thin film surfaces. Ethylene glycol initially adsorbs on fully oxidized CeO{sub 2}(111) and reduced CeO{sub 2-x}(111) through the formation of one C-O-Ce bond and then forms a second alkoxy bond after annealing. On fully oxidized CeO{sub 2}(111) both recombination of ethylene glycol and water desorption occur at low temperature leaving stable -OCH{sub 2}CH{sub 2}O- (ethylenedioxy) intermediates and oxygen vacancies on the surface. This ethylenedioxy intermediate goes through C-C bond scission to produce formate species which then react to produce CO and CO{sub 2}. The formation of water results in the reduction of the ceria. On a reduced CeO{sub 2-x}(111) surface the reaction selectivity shifts toward a dehydration process. The ethylenedioxy intermediate decomposes by breaking a C-O bond and converts into an enolate species. Similar to the reaction of acetaldehyde on reduced CeO{sub 2-x}(111), the enolate reacts to produce acetaldehyde, acetylene, and ethylene. The loss of O from ethylene glycol leads to a small amount of oxidation of the reduced ceria.

  14. Reservoir Models for Gas Hydrate Numerical Simulation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Boswell, R.

    2016-12-01

    Scientific and industrial drilling programs have now providing detailed information on gas hydrate systems that will increasingly be the subject of field experiments. The need to carefully plan these programs requires reliable prediction of reservoir response to hydrate dissociation. Currently, a major emphasis in gas hydrate modeling is the integration of thermodynamic/hydrologic phenomena with geomechanical response for both reservoir and bounding strata. However, also critical to the ultimate success of these efforts is the appropriate development of input geologic models, including several emerging issues, including (1) reservoir heterogeneity, (2) understanding of the initial petrophysical characteristics of the system (reservoirs and seals), the dynamic evolution of those characteristics during active dissociation, and the interdependency of petrophysical parameters and (3) the nature of reservoir boundaries. Heterogeneity is ubiquitous aspect of every natural reservoir, and appropriate characterization is vital. However, heterogeneity is not random. Vertical variation can be evaluated with core and well log data; however, core data often are challenged by incomplete recovery. Well logs also provide interpretation challenges, particularly where reservoirs are thinly-bedded due to limitation in vertical resolution. This imprecision will extend to any petrophysical measurements that are derived from evaluation of log data. Extrapolation of log data laterally is also complex, and should be supported by geologic mapping. Key petrophysical parameters include porosity, permeability and it many aspects, and water saturation. Field data collected to date suggest that the degree of hydrate saturation is strongly controlled by/dependant upon reservoir quality and that the ratio of free to bound water in the remaining pore space is likely also controlled by reservoir quality. Further, those parameters will also evolve during dissociation, and not necessary in a simple

  15. Coesão familiar associada à saúde bucal, fatores socioeconômicos e comportamentos em saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luale Leão Ferreira

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available Pesquisas sobre saúde geral têm relacionado coesão familiar a fatores socioeconômicos e comportamentais. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre coesão familiar e fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e de saúde bucal. Este foi um estudo transversal com amostra por conglomerados em dois estágios. A amostra randomizada de 524 adolescentes era proveniente de escolas públicas da cidade de Piracicaba-SP. As variáveis foram avaliadas por questionários autoaplicáveis e os dados de saúde bucal, pelos índices CPO e CPI. A coesão familiar percebida pelo adolescente foi avaliada por meio da escala de adaptabilidade e coesão familiar. Análise univariada e regressão logística multinominal mostraram que adolescentes com baixa coesão familiar apresentaram mais chance de terem baixa renda (OR 2,28 IC95% 1,14-4,55, presença de cárie (OR 2,23 IC95% 1,21-4,09 e baixa frequência de escovação diária (OR 1,91 IC95% 1,03-3,54. Adolescentes com alta coesão familiar apresentaram mais chance que adolescentes com média coesão de terem alta renda e fator de proteção contra o hábito de tabagismo. Desta forma, a coesão familiar percebida pelo adolescente associou-se com variáveis comportamentais, socioeconômicas e de saúde bucal, indicando a importância de uma abordagem integral da saúde do paciente.

  16. Dredged Material Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement. McNary Reservoir and Lower Snake River Reservoirs. Appendix C: Economic Analysis

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    2002-01-01

    ...; for managment of dredged material from these reservoirs; and for maintenance of flow conveyance capacity at the most upstream extent of the Lower Granite reservoir for the remaining economic life of the dam and reservoir project (to year 2074...

  17. Mouillabilité et réservoirs pétroliers Wettability and Oil Reservoirs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cuiec L.

    2006-11-01

    Full Text Available Dans la première partie de cet article, des considérations générales relatives à la mouillabilité sont exposées, en particulier sur les points suivants : - définition; - importance sur le comportement d'un système milieu poreux/fluide 1/fluide 2; - méthodes d'évaluation. Puis, différents aspects des problèmes posés par ce paramètre lors de l'étude des gisements sont abordés. Tout d'abord, le problème de l'obtention d'échantillons de roche-réservoir ayant des propriétés de surface représentatives est examiné; en effet, une telle obtention est indispensable pour réaliser des expériences de laboratoire significatives. Les causes de modification des propriétés de surface entre le réservoir et le laboratoire sont passées en revue. L'impossibilité d'empêcher à coup sûr de telles modifications justifie l'utilisation d'une procédure de restauration des propriétés originelles qui est ensuite décrite. L'existence de réservoirs non mouillables à l'eau n'est pas aussi rare que d'aucuns le pensaient il y a seulement une dizaine d'années. De nombreux travaux extraits de la littérature ou réalisés à l'Institut Français du Pétrole (IFP illustrent ce point. Enfin, l'état des connaissances concernant l'origine de la non-mouillabilité à l'eau est présenté. In the first part of this paper, general considerations about wettability are given, including:(a definition;(b importance of this parameter on the behavior of a porous-medium/fluid 1/fluid 2 system;(c methods of evaluation. Then we will examine various aspects of problems that arise for petroleum engineers because of this parameter. First of all, we will take up the problem of obtaining representative samples from the standpoint of surface properties. Obtaining such samples is indispensable for performing meaningful laboratory experiments. The causes of changes, in the surface properties of reservoir rock samples between the field and the laboratory will be

  18. Conferências Locais de Saúde de Belo Horizonte: dinâmica, efetividade e contribuições para o Plano Municipal de Saúde

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Maria Caldeira Oliveira

    Full Text Available RESUMO O objetivo do estudo é analisar a dinâmica e a efetividade das Conferências Locais de Saúde (CLS, realizadas nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde. O estudo ocorreu durante a XII Conferência Municipal de Saúde em outubro de 2013. Foram utilizadas as técnicas de pesquisa de observação participante e análise documental. Verificou-se que as CLS são realizadas de portas abertas, não existindo um número predeterminado de participantes. Além disso, todos têm direito a voz e voto. O estudo conclui pela efetividade das CLS, pois possibilita a discussão das necessidades de saúde pelos usuários, trabalhadores e gestores na atenção primária, legitimando as decisões políticas, assegurando o direito à saúde.

  19. 49 CFR 236.792 - Reservoir, equalizing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... Reservoir, equalizing. An air reservoir connected with and adding volume to the top portion of the equalizing piston chamber of the automatic brake valve, to provide uniform service reductions in brake pipe...

  20. Quality control and biophysical characterisation data of VanSA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C.S. Hughes

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available This data article presents the results from quality control experiments including N-terminal sequencing, SEC-MALS and Mass Spectrometry for purified VanSA used in experiments described in (Hughes et al., 2017 [1]; in addition to ligand interaction measurements and thermal melting curves of VanSA in the presence of screened ligands from circular dichroism measurements as well as UV–vis absorbance spectra for the binding interaction of VanSA in the presence of screened ligands.

  1. Práticas de cuidado à saúde de mulheres camponesas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Iraí Maria de Campos Teixeira

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo apresenta resultados de pesquisa acerca de práticas de cuidado à saúde de mulheres camponesas do Assentamento Monte Alegre VI – SP. A metodologia, qualitativa, constou de observação participante, entrevistas individuais e coletivas, tendo ocorrido 15 visitas no período de abril de 2010 a julho de 2011. Participaram doze moradoras, das quais, seis agentes comunitárias de saúde. As práticas de cuidado à saúde referem-se a: companheirismo, diálogo, escuta ativa, mobilizações sociais, assistência multiprofissional dos serviços de saúde, uso de plantas medicinais, crença religiosa como apoio social e dietas. Tais práticas somam-se e articulam-se. As participantes ensinam e aprendem sobre o cuidado à saúde nas relações entre elas, nas intergeracionais e nas com os profissionais de saúde, além de recorrerem a outras fontes de informação e outros processos formativos específicos, como do Programa Saúde da Família.

  2. Novel hydrogen decrepitation behaviors of (La, Ce)-Fe-B strips

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jin, Jiaying; Bai, Guohua; Zhang, Yujing; Peng, Baixing; Liu, Yongsheng; Ma, Tianyu; Yan, Mi

    2018-05-01

    La and Ce substitution for Nd in the 2:14:1-type sintered magnet is of commercial interest to reduce the material cost and to balance the utilization of rare earth (RE) sources. As hydrogen decrepitation (HD) is widely utilized to prepare the magnetic powders during magnets fabrication, incorporating La and Ce into the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets, however, may exert complex influences on the decrepitation behavior. In the present work, through a comparative study of the HD behaviors between the (La, Ce)-Fe-B strips and the conventional Nd-Fe-B ones, we find that similar to the Nd-Fe-B system, increasing hydrogen pressures from 2.5 to 5.5 MPa do not break the 2:14:1 tetragonal structure of (La, Ce)-Fe-B strips. The enhanced hydrogen absorption behaviors are observed with increasing pressure, which are still inferior to that of the Nd-Fe-B strips. This should be ascribed to the higher oxygen affinity of La and Ce than that of Nd, leading to the decreased amount of active RE-rich phase and limited hydrogen diffusion channel. As a result, the hydrogen absorption of 2:14:1 matrix phase is significantly suppressed, dramatically weakening the exothermic effect. This finding suggests that La and Ce with stable 2:14:1 tetragonal structure upon HD process are promising alternatives for Nd, despite that more precise oxygen control is necessary for the microstructure modification and magnetic performance enhancement of (La, Ce)-Fe-B sintered magnets.

  3. Investigation into kinetics of redox interaction in the system Ce(4). beta. -diketonate-additional ligand

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Anufrieva, S.I.; Snezhko, N.I.; Pechurova, N.I.; Martynenko, L.N.; Spitsyn, V.I. (Moskovskij Gosudarstvennyj Univ. (USSR))

    1981-07-01

    The rate of reduction of ..beta..-diketonate complexes of Ce(4) to Ce(3) ..beta..-diketonates in benzene solution in the presence and in the absence of additional ligands is studied using spectrophotometry. The rate of reduction of Ce(4) ..beta..-diketonates increases in the series Ce(TTFA)/sub 4/<Ce(DPM)/sub 4/<Ce(DBM)/sub 4/<Ce(BA)/sub 4/<Ce(AA)/sub 4/ (TTFA - thenoyltrifluoroacetone, DPM- --dipivaloylmethane, DBM - dibenzoylmethane, BA benzoylacetone, AA - acetylacetone). The studied phosphorus-containing additional ligands as to their effect on the rate of Ce (4) reduction can be arranged in the following order: trioctylphosphine oxide>triphenylphosphine oxide>tributyl phosphate.

  4. SA FORCES IN THE SECOND WORLD WAR

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    was to seek out the enemy armour and de- stroy it. 1 SA Division was to guard the left flank of 7 Armoured Division in this opera- tion, and then advance past Sidi Rezegh to threaten the rear of the enemy investing To- bruk. This would assist the garrison in mak- ing a sortie, and the garrison and 1 SA Divi- sion would link up ...

  5. Estratégia saúde da família e saúde do trabalhador: um diálogo possível?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Antonio de Castro Lacaz

    Full Text Available Reflete-se sobre a omissão de práticas voltadas para a saúde dos trabalhadores no âmbito de atuação da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF e propõe-se a inclusão dessas práticas. Considera-se que a mudança do modelo de atenção médico-centrado exige uma nova abordagem que incorpore a análise de elementos da produção de bens, da circulação e do consumo. Fundamenta-se na teoria da determinação social do processo saúde-doença e nas categorias trabalho e reprodução social. Propõe-se que a incorporação da temática Saúde do Trabalhador (ST na ESF seja realizada pela operacionalização de: um instrumento que levante e analise variáveis e indicadores de reprodução social; um sistema de apoio matricial que integre os Centros de Referência em ST com as Unidades Básicas de Saúde; educação permanente das equipes da ESF em conteúdos de ST.

  6. Gradients in Catostomid assemblages along a reservoir cascade

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miranda, Leandro E.; Keretz, Kevin R.; Gilliland, Chelsea R.

    2017-01-01

    Serial impoundment of major rivers leads to alterations of natural flow dynamics and disrupts longitudinal connectivity. Catostomid fishes (suckers, family Catostomidae) are typically found in riverine or backwater habitats yet are able to persist in impounded river systems. To the detriment of conservation, there is limited information about distribution of catostomid fishes in impounded rivers. We examined the longitudinal distribution of catostomid fishes over 23 reservoirs of the Tennessee River reservoir cascade, encompassing approximately 1600 km. Our goal was to develop a basin-scale perspective to guide conservation efforts. Catostomid species composition and assemblage structure changed longitudinally along the reservoir cascade. Catostomid species biodiversity was greatest in reservoirs lower in the cascade. Assemblage composition shifted from dominance by spotted sucker Minytrema melanops and buffalos Ictiobus spp. in the lower reservoirs to carpsuckers Carpiodes spp. midway through the cascade and redhorses Moxostoma spp. in the upper reservoirs. Most species did not extend the length of the cascade, and some species were rare, found in low numbers and in few reservoirs. The observed gradients in catostomid assemblages suggest the need for basin-scale conservation measures focusing on three broad areas: (1) conservation and management of the up-lake riverine reaches of the lower reservoirs, (2) maintenance of the access to quality habitat in tributaries to the upper reservoirs and (3) reintroductions into currently unoccupied habitat within species' historic distributions

  7. Reservoir area of influence and implications for fisheries management

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martin, Dustin R.; Chizinski, Christopher J.; Pope, Kevin L.

    2015-01-01

    Understanding the spatial area that a reservoir draws anglers from, defined as the reservoir's area of influence, and the potential overlap of that area of influence between reservoirs is important for fishery managers. Our objective was to define the area of influence for reservoirs of the Salt Valley regional fishery in southeastern Nebraska using kernel density estimation. We used angler survey data obtained from in-person interviews at 17 reservoirs during 2009–2012. The area of influence, defined by the 95% kernel density, for reservoirs within the Salt Valley regional fishery varied, indicating that anglers use reservoirs differently across the regional fishery. Areas of influence reveal angler preferences in a regional context, indicating preferred reservoirs with a greater area of influence. Further, differences in areas of influences across time and among reservoirs can be used as an assessment following management changes on an individual reservoir or within a regional fishery. Kernel density estimation provided a clear method for creating spatial maps of areas of influence and provided a two-dimensional view of angler travel, as opposed to the traditional mean travel distance assessment.

  8. Non-aqueous CE-MS of cinchona alkaloids - characterizationof a novel CE-ESI-MS interface

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hansen, Frederik André; Hansen, Steen Honoré; Petersen, Nickolaj J.

    We have recently in our group at the University of Copenhagen developed a robust and simple sheatless CE-ESI-MS interface (capillary electrophoresis – electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry). In this presentation the interface is characterized and compared with HPLC-MS for studying...... a submicron fracture in the capillary close the ESI tip. The fracture provides a zero dead volume and excellent conducting properties due to the large amount of ions in the electric double layer. Electric current exceeding the upper limit of CE instrumentation of up to 300 µA can easily be obtained....... Furthermore, the increased conductivity of the buffer in the fracture generates field free pumping of the analytes towards the ESI spray tip. In this study the device was used to analyze the four major alkaloids (diastereomeric pairs of quinine/quinidine and cinchonine/cinchonidine) in Cinchona bark samples...

  9. Reflexões sobre a saúde bucal no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes Vieira Meyer

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available No último século, numerosos avanços em pesquisas e tecnologias biomédicas na área odontológica foram responsáveis por melhorias na saúde e no bem-estar das populações(1. Entretanto, apesar das grandes realizações no âmbito da saúde bucal, muitos problemas ainda permanecem, como a cárie dental, a mais comum das doenças bucais. A prevalência da cárie dentária apresentou uma tendência de declínio nas três últimas décadas do século XX e no início do século XXI, especialmente nos países desenvolvidos, contudo, ainda é considerada uma importante questão de saúde pública mundial, afetando de 60% a 90% das crianças em idade escolar, além da vasta maioria dos adultos(2-4. No levantamento epidemiológico SB Brasil 2010(5, foram observadas melhoras na condição bucal dos brasileiros, porém, ainda é alta a prevalência de cárie. Entre os adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos, por exemplo, a média de dentes afetados foi de 4,25 mais que o dobro do número médio encontrado aos 12 anos. Entre os idosos de 65a 74 anos, o número de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPO praticamente não se alterou, ficando em 27,5 em 2010, enquanto, em 2003, a média era de 27,8. Em termos internacionais, de acordo com o Ministério da Saúde brasileiro(5,um estudo realizado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS em 2004 indicou que, nos dados de 188 países, o valor médio do CPO aos 12 anos foi de 1,6, sendonas Américas a média de 2,8, enquanto na Europa ficou em 1,6. Na América do Sul,somente a Venezuela apresentou média de CPO aos 12 anos semelhante à brasileira(2,1. Nos demais países, as médias apresentaram-se mais altas, como na Argentina(3,4, Bolívia (4,7, Colômbia (2,3, Paraguai (2,8 e Peru (3,7. Os achados epidemiológicos de 2010 sobre a saúde bucal no Brasil(5mostraram que o país entrou para o grupo daqueles com baixa prevalência de carie aos 12 anos. Embora os resultados nesse quesito tenham sido animadores, a

  10. Water in chalk reservoirs: 'friend or foe?'

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hjuler, Morten Leth

    2004-01-01

    Most of the petroleum fields in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea are sandstone reservoirs; the oil and gas are trapped in different species of sandstone. But the Ekofisk Field is a chalk reservoir, which really challenges the operator companies. When oil is produced from chalk reservoirs, water usually gets in and the reservoir subsides. The subsidence may be expensive for the oil companies or be used to advantage by increasing the recovery rate. Since 60 per cent of the world's petroleum reserves are located in carbonate reservoirs, it is important to understand what happens as oil and gas are pumped out. Comprehensive studies at the Department of Petroleum Technology and Applied Geophysics at Stavanger University College in Norway show that the mechanical properties of chalk are considerably altered when the pores in the rock become saturated with oil/gas or water under different stress conditions. The processes are extremely complex. The article also maintains that the effects of injecting carbon dioxide from gas power plants into petroleum reservoirs should be carefully studied before this is done extensively

  11. APPLICATION OF RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE RECOVERY AND ECONOMICS IN A LOWER QUALITY SHALLOW SHELF SAN ANDRES RESERVOIR

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hickman, T. Scott

    2003-01-01

    The Class 2 Project at West Welch was designed to demonstrate the use of advanced technologies to enhance the economics of improved oil recovery (IOR) projects in lower quality Shallow Shelf Carbonate (SSC) reservoirs, resulting in recovery of additional oil that would otherwise be left in the reservoir at project abandonment. Accurate reservoir description is critical to the effective evaluation and efficient design of IOR projects in the heterogeneous SSC reservoirs. Therefore, the majority of Budget Period 1 was devoted to reservoir characterization. Technologies being demonstrated include: (1) Advanced petrophysics; (2) Three-dimensional (3-D) seismic; (3) Crosswell bore tomography; (4) Advanced reservoir simulation; (5) Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) stimulation treatments; (6) Hydraulic fracturing design and monitoring; and (7) Mobility control agents

  12. APPLICATION OF RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE RECOVERY AND ECONOMICS IN A LOWER QUALITY SHALLOW SHELF SAN ANDRES RESERVOIR

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Raj Kumar; Keith Brown; Hickman, T. Scott; Justice, James J.

    2000-01-01

    The Class 2 Project at West Welch was designed to demonstrate the use of advanced technologies to enhance the economics of improved oil recovery (IOR) projects in lower quality Shallow Shelf Carbonate (SSC) reservoirs, resulting in recovery of additional oil that would otherwise be left in the reservoir at project abandonment. Accurate reservoir description is critical to the effective evaluation and efficient design of IOR projects in the heterogeneous SSC reservoirs. Therefore, the majority of Budget Period 1 was devoted to reservoir characterization. Technologies being demonstrated include: (1) Advanced petrophysics; (2) Three-dimensional (3-D) seismic; (3) Crosswell bore tomography; (4) Advanced reservoir simulation; (5) Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) stimulation treatments; (6) Hydraulic fracturing design and monitoring; and (7) Mobility control agents

  13. APPLICATION OF RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE RECOVERY AND ECONOMICS IN A LOWER QUALITY SHALLOW SHELF SAN ANDRES RESERVOIR

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hickman, T. Scott; Justice, James J.

    2001-01-01

    The Class 2 Project at West Welch was designed to demonstrate the use of advanced technologies to enhance the economics of improved oil recovery (IOR) projects in lower quality Shallow Shelf Carbonate (SSC) reservoirs, resulting in recovery of additional oil that would otherwise be left in the reservoir at project abandonment. Accurate reservoir description is critical to the effective evaluation and efficient design of IOR projects in the heterogeneous SSC reservoirs. Therefore, the majority of Budget Period 1 was devoted to reservoir characterization. Technologies being demonstrated include: (1) Advanced petrophysics; (2) Three-dimensional (3-D) seismic; (3) Crosswell bore tomography; (4) Advanced reservoir simulation; (5) Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) stimulation treatments; (6) Hydraulic fracturing design and monitoring; and (7) Mobility control agents

  14. APPLICATION OF RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE RECOVERY AND ECONOMICS IN A LOWER QUALITY SHALLOW SHELF SAN ANDRES RESERVOIR

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    T. Scott Hickman; James J. Justice

    2001-06-16

    The Class 2 Project at West Welch was designed to demonstrate the use of advanced technologies to enhance the economics of improved oil recovery (IOR) projects in lower quality Shallow Shelf Carbonate (SSC) reservoirs, resulting in recovery of additional oil that would otherwise be left in the reservoir at project abandonment. Accurate reservoir description is critical to the effective evaluation and efficient design of IOR projects in the heterogeneous SSC reservoirs. Therefore, the majority of Budget Period 1 was devoted to reservoir characterization. Technologies being demonstrated include: (1) Advanced petrophysics; (2) Three-dimensional (3-D) seismic; (3) Crosswell bore tomography; (4) Advanced reservoir simulation; (5) Carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) stimulation treatments; (6) Hydraulic fracturing design and monitoring; and (7) Mobility control agents.

  15. PLANET TOPERS: Planets, Tracing the Transfer, Origin, Preservation, and Evolution of their ReservoirS.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dehant, V; Asael, D; Baland, R M; Baludikay, B K; Beghin, J; Belza, J; Beuthe, M; Breuer, D; Chernonozhkin, S; Claeys, Ph; Cornet, Y; Cornet, L; Coyette, A; Debaille, V; Delvigne, C; Deproost, M H; De WInter, N; Duchemin, C; El Atrassi, F; François, C; De Keyser, J; Gillmann, C; Gloesener, E; Goderis, S; Hidaka, Y; Höning, D; Huber, M; Hublet, G; Javaux, E J; Karatekin, Ö; Kodolanyi, J; Revilla, L Lobo; Maes, L; Maggiolo, R; Mattielli, N; Maurice, M; McKibbin, S; Morschhauser, A; Neumann, W; Noack, L; Pham, L B S; Pittarello, L; Plesa, A C; Rivoldini, A; Robert, S; Rosenblatt, P; Spohn, T; Storme, J -Y; Tosi, N; Trinh, A; Valdes, M; Vandaele, A C; Vanhaecke, F; Van Hoolst, T; Van Roosbroek, N; Wilquet, V; Yseboodt, M

    2016-11-01

    The Interuniversity Attraction Pole (IAP) 'PLANET TOPERS' (Planets: Tracing the Transfer, Origin, Preservation, and Evolution of their Reservoirs) addresses the fundamental understanding of the thermal and compositional evolution of the different reservoirs of planetary bodies (core, mantle, crust, atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and space) considering interactions and feedback mechanisms. Here we present the first results after 2 years of project work.

  16. Magnetism and superconductivity of CePt3Si and Ce1+xPt3+ySi1+z

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Motoyama, Gaku; Yamamoto, Suguru; Takezoe, Hiroaki; Oda, Yasukage; Ueda, Ko-ichi; Kohara, Takao

    2006-01-01

    We measured the dc magnetization, electrical resistivity, and ac magnetic susceptibility of a series of polycrystalline CePt 3 Si samples whose compositions vary slightly from the stoichiometric composition. The sample that showed the most distinct anitiferromagnetic transition at 2.2K was found to be Ce 1.01 Pt 3 Si annealed. This sample showed a clear bulk antiferromagnetic order at 2.2 K even in both electrical resistivity and dc magnetization measurements, although the characteristic change in dc magnetization at 2.2 K was found to be small and to be easily masked in other magnetic anomalies if they exist. Moreover, it had the largest residual resistivity ratio. We concluded that Ce 1.01 Pt 3 Si annealed has the intrinsic bulk properties of ideal CePt 3 Si. In addition, we revealed that some anomalies arise as a result of the variation in composition. One is a ferromagnetic anomaly at 3.0 K in the Pt-rich samples, and the other is an antiferromagnetic anomaly at 4.0 K in the Pt-poor samples. The two magnetic anomalies seemed to appear in small domains in the samples that exhibited an antiferromagnetic order at 2.2 K. To reveal the relationship between these magnetisms and superconductivity, we measured ac magnetic susceptibility down to ∼14mK. We found that the superconducting transition temperature is suppressed by the ferromagnetic anomaly. (author)

  17. Intellectual Property and Strategic Agreements (IP/SA) | FNLCR Staging

    Science.gov (United States)

    IP/SA handles all invention issues including patents and copyrights. All employee inventionreports are filed through the IP/SA office for all activities under the OTS contract.Additionally,request for assignment ofcopyri

  18. Properties of Ce-doped ITO films deposited on polymer substrate by DC magnetron sputtering

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kang, Y.M.; Kwon, S.H.; Choi, J.H.; Cho, Y.J.; Song, P.K.

    2010-01-01

    Ce-doped indium tin oxide (ITO:Ce) films were deposited on flexible polyimide substrates by DC magnetron sputtering using ITO targets containing various CeO 2 contents (CeO 2 : 0, 0.5, 3.0, 4.0, 6.0 wt.%) at room temperature and post-annealed at 200 o C. The crystallinity of the ITO films decreased with increasing Ce content, and it led to a decrease in surface roughness. In addition, a relatively small change in resistance in dynamic stress mode was obtained for ITO:Ce films even after the annealing at high temperature (200 o C). The minimum resistivity of the amorphous ITO:Ce films was 3.96 x 10 -4 Ωcm, which was deposited using a 3.0 wt.% CeO 2 doped ITO target. The amorphous ITO:Ce films not only have comparable electrical properties to the polycrystalline films but also have a crystallization temperature > 200 o C. In addition, the amorphous ITO:Ce film showed stable mechanical properties in the bended state.

  19. Room-temperature ferromagnetism in pure and Co doped CeO2 powders

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wen Qiye; Zhang Huaiwu; Song Yuanqiang; Yang Qinghui; Zhu Hao; Xiao, John Q

    2007-01-01

    We report the room-temperature (RT) ferromagnetism (FM) observed in pure and Co doped CeO 2 powder. An insulating nonmagnetic CeO 2 single crystal, after grinding into fine powder, shows an RT-FM with a small magnetization of 0.0045 emu g -1 . However, the CeO 2 powder became paramagnetic after oxygen annealing, which strongly suggests an oxygen vacancy meditated FM ordering. Furthermore, by doping Co into CeO 2 powder the FM can significantly enhance through a F-centre exchange (FCE) coupling mechanism, in which both oxygen vacancies and magnetic ions are involved. As the Co content increases, the FM of Co doped CeO 2 initially increases to a maximum 0.47 emu g -1 , and then degrades very quickly. The complex correlation between the Co content and saturation magnetization was well interpreted by supposing the coexistence of three subsets of Co ions in CeO 2 . Our results reveal that the large RT-FM observed in Co doped CeO 2 powder originates from a combination effect of oxygen vacancies and transition metal doping

  20. Bathymetry and capacity of Shawnee Reservoir, Oklahoma, 2016

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ashworth, Chad E.; Smith, S. Jerrod; Smith, Kevin A.

    2017-02-13

    Shawnee Reservoir (locally known as Shawnee Twin Lakes) is a man-made reservoir on South Deer Creek with a drainage area of 32.7 square miles in Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma. The reservoir consists of two lakes connected by an equilibrium channel. The southern lake (Shawnee City Lake Number 1) was impounded in 1935, and the northern lake (Shawnee City Lake Number 2) was impounded in 1960. Shawnee Reservoir serves as a municipal water supply, and water is transferred about 9 miles by gravity to a water treatment plant in Shawnee, Oklahoma. Secondary uses of the reservoir are for recreation, fish and wildlife habitat, and flood control. Shawnee Reservoir has a normal-pool elevation of 1,069.0 feet (ft) above North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88). The auxiliary spillway, which defines the flood-pool elevation, is at an elevation of 1,075.0 ft.The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the City of Shawnee, has operated a real-time stage (water-surface elevation) gage (USGS station 07241600) at Shawnee Reservoir since 2006. For the period of record ending in 2016, this gage recorded a maximum stage of 1,078.1 ft on May 24, 2015, and a minimum stage of 1,059.1 ft on April 10–11, 2007. This gage did not report reservoir storage prior to this report (2016) because a sufficiently detailed and thoroughly documented bathymetric (reservoir-bottom elevation) survey and corresponding stage-storage relation had not been published. A 2011 bathymetric survey with contours delineated at 5-foot intervals was published in Oklahoma Water Resources Board (2016), but that publication did not include a stage-storage relation table. The USGS, in cooperation with the City of Shawnee, performed a bathymetric survey of Shawnee Reservoir in 2016 and released the bathymetric-survey data in 2017. The purposes of the bathymetric survey were to (1) develop a detailed bathymetric map of the reservoir and (2) determine the relations between stage and reservoir storage