New Technology and Human Resource Development in the Automobile Industry.

Science.gov (United States)

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris (France). Centre for Educational Research and Innovation.

This document contains five case studies of plants within large enterprises in the automobile industry (Ford, Toyota, Volkswagen, Renault, and Volvo), plus reports of each company's views on human resource development, new technology, and changes in work organization and skill formation. The document is composed of five narrative sections,…

Development of NO{sub x} aftertreatment for Renault diesel engines; Entwicklung der NO{sub x}-Nachbehandlung fuer Renault-Dieselmotoren

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Maroteaux, Damien; Oria, Sebastian d' [Renault Powertrain Engineering, Rueil-Malmaison (France); Beaulieu, Juliette [Renault Research, Guyancourt (France). Materials Engineering

2010-03-15

The achievement of future emission standards for diesel engines requires the use of NO{sub x} aftertreatment systems, in addition to engine internal improvements. The NO{sub x} trap system, developed by Renault, enables heavy vehicles like minivans to reach future emission standards and maintain the diesel CO{sub 2} advantage. Equipped with the NO{sub x} trap, the Espace dCi 175 complies with Euro 5 and looks even further ahead with a technology that is ready for Euro 6. (orig.)

Luksust ja ruumi / Aimo Niemi, Jyri Ajomaa, Pekka Aromaa, Jari Pitkäjärvi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2010-01-01

TM võrdleb diiselmootoriga universaale: Citroën C5 1,6 Hdi Tourer; Ford Mondeo 2,0 TDCi DPF Wagon; Opel Insignia 2,0 CDTi Sports Tourer Cosmo; Renault Laguna Sport Tourer 1,5 dCi; Toyota Avensis D-4D DPF Linea Sol Wagon; Volkswagen Passat Variant 2,0 TDI

Driving the future. Volkswagen Group's solutions for sustainable mobility; Die Zukunft fest im Blick. Nachhaltige Mobilitaetskonzepte im Volkswagen Konzern

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Winterkorn, Martin [Volkswagen AG (Germany)

2013-08-01

Sustainable mobility must remain the automotive industry's top priority, even when the economic outlook changes. The Volkswagen Group is strongly committed to its ecological responsibilities and is working hard to reduce the CO{sub 2} emissions of its European fleet of new cars to 95 g/km by 2020. To do so, it is adopting a diverse strategy to enhance and improve the whole range of drive trains: from highly efficient TSI and TDI engines to natural-gas drive systems, from the plug-in hybrid to pure electric-drive systems. As far as the established technologies are concerned, there is still considerable potential to improve efficiency. For example, Volkswagen is currently working on a high-performance diesel engine and a new 10-speed dual-clutch gearbox. As far as alternative drive systems are concerned, the plug-in hybrid has the best change of market success in the medium term. Overall, the key to the success of sustainable mobility solutions is to focus on the customers and their needs. Because it is essential that customers accept the new technologies and, more importantly, are prepared to pay an adequate price for them. Cars such as the Golf BlueMotion, the Audi A3 e-tron, the Porsche Panamera E-Hybrid, and the Volkswagen eco up., which is powered by natural gas, all send a clear message: Automobiles must remain something that fascinates people, no matter which type of drive system they have. (orig.)

Golf Blue-e-Motion. The electric Volkswagen; Golf Blue-e-Motion. Der elektrische Volkswagen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hadler, Jens; Neusser, Heinz-Jakob; Jelden, Hanno; Lueck, Peter; Tousen, Jonas [Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg (Germany)

2012-11-01

The particular challenges of our time require a consistent focus on the development activities of powertrain technologies with continuously reduced fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. The past years have seen many technological milestones by Volkswagen's Powertrain Development as illustrated by the exceptional success of the TSI and TDI engines as well as the double clutch transmissions. As a part of this comprehensive list of powertrain strategy, the development of drivetrains for alternative fuels, such as CNG, has also been included. With particular emphasis Volkswagen is pressing forward the electrification of the drivetrain with the goal of appealing to more customers through these new technologies. A milestone of the electrification activity is the Golf Blue-e-Motion, in which the comfort and especially the city driving performance are improved compared with the conventional vehicle. This driving performance is achieved by an electric drivetrain which consists of a permanent magnet synchronous electric motor together with associated power electronics and a Li-Ion battery. This presentation will pay particular attention to the characteristics of the drivetrain system and its components. The efficient powertrain including the recovering of braking energy (recuperation) as well as the attention paid on optimising all system components, has increased the driving range of the vehicle. Environmental awareness and driving pleasure - the electric drivetrain of the Golf Blue-e-Motion shows that these both requirements are possible to be realised by an electric drivetrain. (orig.)

Analýza marketingovej stratégie spoločnosti Volkswagen na Slovensku

OpenAIRE

Macáková, Naďa

2017-01-01

The bachelor thesis is focused on the marketing strategy of automotive company and brand, Volkswagen, in Slovakia. The brand represents quality German cars. The aim of my thesis was to analyse the current and future strategy in order to propose some improvements for the Volkswagen brand on the Slovak market. The theoretical part deals with the explanation of marketing, including segmentation, targeting, positioning and marketing mix. This is preceded by macro and micro environmental analysis ...

Seitse suurt kääbust

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2016-01-01

Võrdluses väike-keskklassi 5ukselised luukpärad: Ford Focus 1,0 Ecoboost Titanium, Kia Cee’d 1,0 GT-Line, Opel Astra Enjoy 1,4 Turbo ECOTEC, Peugeot 308 Active 1,2 Turbo Puretech 130, Renault Mégane Zen 1,2 TCe 130, Toyota Auris 1,2T Active, Volkswagen Golf Comfortline 1,0 TSI Bluemotion

Renault proovib osta Rootsi autotööstuse uhkusi Volvot või Saabi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2005-01-01

Renault on alustanud läbirääkimisi Fordiga, et osta üles Fordile kuuluva Volvo aktsiate kontrollpakk. Varuvariandiks on General Motorsilt Saabi kaubamärgi omandamine. General Motorsi majandusseisust

Evaluation of the Renault Express Electrique over six different driving cycles

NARCIS (Netherlands)

2000-01-01

A Renault Express Electrique with a conventional drive line has been evaluated by IAE over a range of six different drive cycles. Each cycle was driven once, with a fully charged battery. From the measurement results the energy consumption and the cycle length were examined. This document contains a

78 FR 50489 - Petition for Exemption From the Vehicle Theft Prevention Standard; Volkswagen Group of America, Inc.

Science.gov (United States)

2013-08-19

... From the Vehicle Theft Prevention Standard; Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. AGENCY: National Highway... deterring motor vehicle theft as compliance with the parts-marking requirements of the Theft Prevention Standard, 49 CFR part 541, Federal Motor Vehicle Theft Prevention Standard. Volkswagen requested...

Polaarjoone kangelased

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2013-01-01

Talvetestis 20 uudisautot: Audi A3, BMW 320i, Chevrolet Volt, Citroën DS5, Fiat 500L, Ford B-Max, Honda Civic, Hyundai i30 Wagon, Kia Cee’d, Mazda6 Sport Wagon, Mercedes-Benz A-klass, Opel Mokka, Peugeot 208, Renault Clio, Seat Leon, Škoda Rapid, Toyota Auris Hybrid, Toyota GT86, Volkswagen Golf, Volvo V40

Analýza krizové komunikace společnosti Volkswagen v ČR

OpenAIRE

Hynek, Tomáš

2015-01-01

This master thesis deals with analysis of crisis communication of the Volkswagen Group in the Czech Republic and its presentation in media. The theoretical part presents particular components of public relations and the crisis communication and its rules as a part of them. Then some basic principles in media analysis and marketing research are presented. The practical part starts with an in-depth overview of the emission scandal as a crisis situation for Volkswagen with an analysis of selecte...

Marital status and cardiovascular risk in French and Swedish automotive industry workers--cross sectional results from the Renault-Volvo Coeur study.

Science.gov (United States)

Kumlin, L; Latscha, G; Orth-Gomér, K; Dimberg, L; Lanoiselée, C; Simon, A; Eriksson, B

2001-04-01

To compare the coronary risk profiles in a sample of the French and Swedish automotive industry employees who were married/cohabitant, divorced or single (never married). A cross-sectional study comparison from biological and questionnaire data between the French and Swedish samples. Occupational health departments at Renault (employees from the north-west of France) and Volvo (employees from the south-west of Sweden). Two random samples of males aged between 45 and 50 years were examined in 1993, from Renault 1000, and from Volvo 1000. Biological data including cholesterol, blood pressure as well as the Framingham risk index. Self reported information regarding marital status, smoking, exercise, alcohol habits, and work stress assessed by the Karasek method, private social support indices, and type A behaviour according to the Bortner scale. More employees were married/cohabitant and fewer divorced or single at Renault. Apart from waist/hip ratio being marginally lower in Swedish single men, compared with married and divorced, no significant difference in biological cardiac risk factors (total cholesterol, blood pressure or Framingham risk index) was seen between the subgroups from any of the two countries. Compared with married/cohabitant men, it was shown that in men living alone smoking was more prevalent at Renault and Volvo. These men also showed less type A behaviour, a lower work control and a lower work support and fewer close friends. Alcohol consumption was reported in smaller amounts for Volvo employees living alone compared with married or divorced employees. Married/cohabitant and divorced staff showed similar values regarding all measured variables when compared within each country. Employees living alone in both France (Renault) and Sweden (Volvo) automotive companies seem to have increased nontraditional cardiac risk factors pertaining to life style and social network compared with married or divorced men. These results, in combination with the

Volkswagen's new modular TDI {sup registered} generation; Die neue modulare TDI {sup registered} -Generation von Volkswagen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Neusser, Heinz-Jakob; Kahrstedt, Joern; Jelden, Hanno; Engler, Hermann-Josef; Dorenkamp, Richard; Jauns-Seyfried, Stefanie; Krause, Andreas [Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg (Germany)

2012-11-01

The new generation of TDI {sup registered} engines is an extension of the Volkswagen brand's modular strategy. The power train development focused closely on engine properties, fuel consumption and performance. The modular design concept provides the foundation for meeting challenges of the future, including new legislation and regional and state requirements. The new and enhanced modules for this new engine generation are presented, together with component combinations and including the engine management functions developed specially for the purpose. (orig.)

Kesklinna kolimine tõi Renault' müüjale loodetust suurema edu / Tõnu Tramm

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tramm, Tõnu, 1968-

2005-01-01

TOP-i 2. koht. Renault'sid müüva Autori AS-i juht Vello Tamm peab ettevõtte edu aluseks kolimist kesklinna ning senise töö analüüsimist ja uute eesmärkide seadmist. Diagramm: Majandusnäitajad

EMOTION DESIGN OF AN ICONIC (VOLKSWAGEN) CAMPERVAN

OpenAIRE

Kagali, Linus

2014-01-01

This research looks into the thinking and the process of re-design a piece of automotive icon, the Volkswagen campervan known as T1 or microbus. The campervan re-designed with new visual language, and emotions. The re-designed campervan is intended for the new generation of campers and outdoor seekers, a generation of tech savvy people in a world which is rapidly and gradually changing. The need of understanding the relationship between design and emotions fuelled this design project, bas...

Seitsmekohalised

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2011-01-01

TM võrdleb mahtuniversaale: Chevrolet Orlando LTZ M/T 2,0 D; Ford Grand C-Max Titanium 2,0 TDCi; Mazda5 1,6 TD Dynamic 6MT 5d; Nissan Qashqai+2 2WD 6MT 2,0 dCi DPF Acenta; Peugeot 5008 Hdi FAP; Renault Grand Scenic 1,9 dCi FAP; Toyota Verso 2,0 D-4D DPF; Volkswagen Touran Comfortline 1,6 TDI

Electric vehicles, primary energy sources and CO2 emissions: Romanian case study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Varga, Bogdan Ovidiu

2013-01-01

Starting on the 24th of April, 2011, the Romanian government offered to subsidize all potential buyers of electric vehicles, both private and corporate, offering 25% off of the retail price up to 5000 euros with no pollution tax. The Romanian government encourages all governmental institutions to consider buying electric vehicles when deciding to change their existing vehicles stock. This decision is strictly related to the Romanian government's approval of a long-term Energy Strategy, building on the National Energy Strategy for the Medium Term. The government's strategy emphasizes increasing energy efficiency and boosting renewable energy use. The first electric vehicles distributed in the Romanian market are the Citroen-C-Zero, the Mitsubishi i-MiEV, the Renault Kangoo Z.E. and the Renault Fluence Z.E. The energy consumption of these vehicles was analyzed, considering the CO 2 generation characteristics of a Romanian electric power plant. -- Highlights: ► Tax and governmental support for electrical vehicles in Romania. ► Evaluate the CO 2 pollution of the electrical vehicles in Romania's case. ► Comprehensive understanding of the influence of primary energy source over the pollution of an electrical vehicle. ► Approach to decrees the pollution of the electrical vehicles.

Valuing the human health damage caused by the fraud of Volkswagen

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Oldenkamp, R.; Zelm, R. van; Huijbregts, M.A.J.

2016-01-01

Recently it became known that Volkswagen Group has been cheating with emission tests for diesel engines over the last six years, resulting in on-road emissions vastly exceeding legal standards for nitrogen oxides in Europe and the United States. Here, we provide an estimate of the public health

International Business in Southern Europe: Renault in Italy, Portugal and Spain, 1908-2007

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tomàs Fernández de Sevilla

2016-07-01

Full Text Available According with Peter Buckley, Business history provides sources of testing for international business theory such as internalisation theory; the eclectic paradigm; the Uppasla internationalization process model; the evolutionary theory of the firm; and the resource-based view of the firm. For its part, Mira Wilkins has highlighted that an important contribution of business historians is to instil a recognition of complexity business enterprises as they emerge and mature, as managers and managerial directions change, and as the environment in which managers operate takes on different characteristics. As Julian Birkinshaw explains, in doing so MNEs can be used as the primary unit of analysis, considering that the MNE subsidiary has its own strategy and make effective use of its far-flung network. By using a Business History approach, the aim of this article is to study how Renault entered in Spain, Italy and Portugal, and how it has evolved its presence through time. This article shows that the development path of Renault subsidiaries in Southern Europe not only it has been determined in the headquarters of the MNEs, but also in subsidiaries own development of its organizational capabilities.

Volkswagen Emission Crisis : Managing Stakeholder Relations on the Web

OpenAIRE

Zhang, Boyang; Veijalainen, Jari; Kotkov, Denis

2016-01-01

Organizations establish their own profiles at social media sites to publish pertinent information to customers and other stakeholders. During a long and severe crisis, multiple issues may emerge in media interaction. Positive responses and prompt interaction from the official account of e.g. a car manufacturer creates clarity and reduces anxiety among stakeholders. This research targets the Volkswagen 2015 emission scandal that became public on Sept. 18, 2015. We report its main p...

75 FR 29812 - Petition for Exemption From the Vehicle Theft Prevention Standard; Volkswagen

Science.gov (United States)

2010-05-27

... From the Vehicle Theft Prevention Standard; Volkswagen AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety... in reducing and deterring motor vehicle theft as compliance with the parts marking requirements of..., Exemption from Vehicle Theft Prevention Standard, based on the installation of an antitheft device as...

Nave de montaje Volkswagen, Venezuela

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bornhorst, D.

1966-02-01

Full Text Available To assemble Volkswagen cars for the Venezuela market, a large hall has been built, which is fitted with full facilities for its purpose, such as painting and greasing installations, and large parking area for the finished vehicles. The siting of this hall was carefully studied, and such factors as nearness to industrial zones, climate, and ease of access were decisive aspects that were taken into account. The final choice was a site near Morón, in the Carabobo Department, close to the sea. The main constructional item is the roof of the large hall. It is made of a series of hyperbolic-parabolic reinforced concrete thin shells, of rectangular planform, and slightly inclined towards the north, to produce a saw edge profile. Each of these shells is supported by a central column. The hollow spaces along the saw edge profile have been used for ventilation. The enclosing walls consist of trellice material, which also provide ample facility for additional ventilation.Para el montaje de los coches Volkswagen destinados al mercado venezolano, se ha construido una gran nave dotada de todos los servicios necesarios: pintura, engrases, aparcamiento de los vehículos terminados, etc. La elección del lugar más apropiado para la situación de la nave y edificios anexos fue motivo de un detenido estudio, en el que la proximidad a zonas industriales, clima, fácil entrada de materiales procedentes de ultramar y salida para los acabados, fueron los factores decisivos. Definitivamente se eligió un solar en las cercanías de Morón, del departamento de Carabobo, y próximo al mar. Lo más notable es la cubierta de la gran nave, formada por una serie de láminas parabólico-hiperbólicas de hormigón armado, de planta rectangular, inclinadas ligeramente hacia el norte para formar un perfil en diente de sierra. Cada una de estas láminas se soporta por un montante central. Los huecos que dichos dientes de sierra dejan se han aprovechado para la ventilación. Los

Strategy Formulation Process in Crisis Management : Volkswagen Case Study

OpenAIRE

Abuhajaj, Ayham; Lampis, George

2017-01-01

Aim: The aim of this study is to understand what strategies are used over time by a company facing a transgressional CSR crisis, in order to regain legitimacy, and towards which stakeholder group these strategies are directed. Methods: In order to achieve our aim, Qualitative case study based on secondary data published by Volkswagen as well as news articles were used to identify what strategies the company used over time. Results: To be able to answer our aim, different theoretical lense...

Environmental strategies in the automobile industry; Umweltstrategien in der Automobilbranche

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bratzel, S.; Tellermann, R. [Center of Automotive, FHDW, Bergisch Gladbach (Germany)

2007-12-15

An actual market analysis on the environment strategies of the automobile industry concludes that the large companies react preferential with marketing measures to the climatic change debate and do not consequently support innovative environmental technology developments. The study show that the companies BMW, Toyota, and Volkswagen have the best environmental stategies, Daimler, Ford, Honda Porsche, Peugeot, Citroen show fragments of an environmental strategey, Chrysler, General Motors, Fiat, Mitsubishi and Nissan/Renault invest in marketing strategies, but not in environmental strategies.

Baseline tests of the C. H. Waterman Renault 5 electric passenger vehicle

Science.gov (United States)

Sargent, N. B.; Mcbrien, E. F.; Slavick, R. J.

1977-01-01

The Waterman vehicle, a four passenger Renault 5 GTL, performance test results are presented and characterized the state-of-the-art of electric vehicles. It was powered by sixteen 6-volt traction batteries through a two-step contactor controller actuated by a foot throttle to change the voltage applied to the 6.7 -kilowatt motor. The motor output shaft was connected to a front-wheel-drive transaxle that contains a four-speed manual transmission and clutch. The braking system was a conventional hydraulic braking system.

Global ergonomics strategy in Volkswagen: from the product construction, over the planning until the serial process.

Science.gov (United States)

Toledo, Begoña

2012-01-01

The Volkswagen Group operates and coordinates the activities of ergonomics from Wolfsburg in Germany and works with its contact persons of every plant and brand of the group towards an integrated proceeding relating to ergonomics. For the ergonomic process it is very important to consider the ergonomics in the whole production process, still from the beginning the conception and construction of the vehicle in the early phases. In these phases there is a big potential to work in the preventive ergonomics and avoid correcting the workstations after start of production. Therefore, it is important to have fluently information in all this phases and identify the potential in each of them. In order to attend these items, Volkswagen has defined different activity fields: coordination of ergonomic standards and the roll-out into all the plants, introducing the ergonomic items in the product development process (PEP), considering the constant improvement of the workplaces in the Volkswagen-Way (KVP and 3P Workshops), taking care of an adequate qualification concept in ergonomics and the intern and extern information exchange within the committees. This topic is established in the industrial engineering of the production area of the group. We are working interdisciplinary with the medical services, human resources, work council and the protection of labor.

Möirgavad skulptuurid / Robert Koistinen, Jussi Nieminen, Aimo Niemi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koistinen, Robert

2010-01-01

Suur sportautode võrdlustest "Scandinavian Sports Car of the Year 2010": Alfa Romeo Mito Quadrifoglio Verde; Audi R8 V10 Spyder; Audi RS 5; BMW Z4 sDrive35is; Ford Mustang Shelby GT500; Honda CR-Z; Lamborghini Gallardo LP 570-4 Superleggera; Mazda3 MPS; Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG; Mitsubishi Lancer Ralliart; Opel Insignia OPC; Peugeot RCZ THP 200; Porsche 911 Turbo; Porsche Boxster Spyder; Porsche Panamera Turbo; Renault Mégane RS; Seat Ibiza Cupra; Seat Leon Cupra R; Volkswagen Scirocco R

75 FR 34527 - Volkswagen Petition for Exemption From the Vehicle Theft Prevention Standard; Correction

Science.gov (United States)

2010-06-17

... for Exemption From the Vehicle Theft Prevention Standard; Correction AGENCY: National Highway Traffic... the Theft Prevention Standard. This document corrects the model year of the new Volkswagen vehicle... effective in reducing and deterring motor vehicle theft as compliance with the parts marking requirements of...

Nave para Volkswagen en Ravenna, Italia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Epaminonda, Ceccarelli

1965-09-01

Full Text Available This factory hall is meant to house an exhibition, workshops, stores and offices of the Italian subsidiary of the Volkswagen firm. It is sited in an urbanized, but not yet built up, area. Its ground area is 54 by 38 m. Part of the frontage, about 36 m, is set back 8 m with respect to the remaining 18 m; the latter correspond to the part of the building occupied by the exhibition hall. As the ground is weak, it has been necessary to use piles to support the foundations. The structure is metallic, and the enclosing walls and roof consist of prefabricated panels and metals sheets. The roof contains a special chamber, where the air conditioning ducts and other services are housed. Great care has been taken over the colour patterns, both inside and outside. The type of structure and use of prefabricated panels has greatly lowered the overall cost of the building. All the foundation elements have been suitable waterproofed.Esta nave industrial está destinada a albergar los servicios de exposición, talleres, depósito y oficinas para la empresa concesionaria, en Italia, de la marca de automóviles Volkswagen. Se halla situada en una zona urbanizada, pero sin edificar, y tiene 54x38 m en planta. Parte de la fachada principal—unos 36 m—está retranqueada 8 m respecto de la alineación; los 18 m restantes corresponden al salón de exposiciones. Como el terreno es de escasa capacidad de sustentación, ha sido necesario el empleo de pilotes en los puntos de apoyo. La estructura resistente es metálica y se ha cerrado y cubierto con paneles prefabricados y placas metálicas. Los forjados de cubierta tienen una cámara que permite la colocación de conductos para el acondicionamiento. Se han cuidado mucho los colores para la estructura vista y paramentos interiores. La disposición de la estructura y el empleo de paneles prefabricados han permitido obtener costos muy favorables. Todas las partes de la infraestructura han sido debidamente

Kes kardab talve? / Jussa Nieminen

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Nieminen, Jussa

2015-01-01

Võrdlustestis talveauto 2015: BMW 218i Active Tourer, Citroën C4 Cactus Puretech 110, Ford Mondeo Wagon 2,0 TDCi A, Hyundai i10 1,0, Jeep Renegade 1,4 Twinair, Kia Soul 1,6, Mercedes-Benz C 220 dT, Mini Cooper 5-ukseline, Mitsubishi Space Star 1,2 CVT, Nissan Qashqai 1,2 DIG-T, Opel Corsa 1,0T, Peugeot 108 e-VTI 68, Renault Twingo 1,0 SCe, Smart Fortwo 1,0, Škoda Fabia 1,2 TSI, Toyota Aygo 1,0, Volkswagen Passat 2,0 TDI DSG

Samsung and Volkswagen Crisis Communication in Facebook and Twitter : A Comparative Study

OpenAIRE

Zhang, Boyang; Veijalainen, Jari; Kotkov, Denis

2017-01-01

Since September 2015 at least two major crises have emerged where major industrial companies producing consumer products have been involved. In September 2015 diesel cars manufactured by Volkswagen turned out to be equipped with cheating software that caused NO2 and other emission values to be reduced to acceptable levels while tested from the real, unacceptable values in normal use. In August 2016 reports began to appear that the battery of a new smart phone produced by Samsung, ...

Notas para o Itinerário de Sofotulafai: Abgar Renault e o modernismo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Solange Ribeiro de Oliveira

2003-03-01

Full Text Available Destacando elementos para a elaboração de uma biografia literária de Abgar Renault, este estudo detém-se especialmente no processo de textualização do vivido que assinala a transição da produção inicial do poeta para um estilo marcado pela herança do modernismo. Simultaneamente, propõe a leitura do conjunto dos nove livros de Obra poética como um texto pós-moderno, que inclui o pastiche de sucessivos momentos da poesia brasileira no século XX.

77 FR 65769 - Petition for Exemption From the Vehicle Theft Prevention Standard; Volkswagen Group of America, Inc.

Science.gov (United States)

2012-10-30

... any of the protected components are violated, the horn will sound and the vehicle's turn signals will... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Petition for Exemption From the Vehicle Theft Prevention Standard; Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. AGENCY: National Highway...

Autode lumesõda : [sõiduautode talvine test] / Tapio Koisaari

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koisaari, Tapio

2009-01-01

TM võrdleb: Chevrolet Aveo SE 1,2; Citroën C5 2,0i-16v Confort Sedan; Fiat 500 1,2 Lounge: Ford Fiesta 1,4 Ghia; Honda Accord 2,0 Elegance; Jaguar XF 3,0 Luxury; Lancia Delta 1,4 TJet 150; Mazda 6 2,0 Elegance; Opel Insignia 1,8 Edition; Peugeot Partner Tepee; Renault Megane 1,6; Seat Ibiza 1,4 Style; Škoda Superb 1,8 TSI Ambition; Subaru Impreza 2,0 R AWD Sport; Suzuki Splash 1,2 GLS ESP; Toyota Avensis 1,8 Luxury; Volkswagen Golf 1,4 TSI Comfortline

Service contract of Renault Kerax 440 truck with deductible and policy limit coverage modification

Science.gov (United States)

Bustami, Pasaribu, Udjianna. S.; Husniah, Hennie

2016-02-01

In this paper we discuss a service contracts with coverage modification that only offer preventive maintenance and corrective maintenance for Renault Kerax 440 Truck by service contract provider. Corrective maintenance costs is modified with deductible and policy limit during the period of the service contract. Demand for a service contract is only influenced by the price of the service contract, deductible, and policy limit offered by producer to consumer. The main problem in this thesis is determining the price of a service contract, deductible, and policy limit to get maximum profit for producer for each of service contract.

Design automóvel : novo conceito para um modelo no grupo Volkswagen

OpenAIRE

Duarte, Nuno Miguel Oliveira, 1984-

2015-01-01

This study intends to present a new concept to a model in the Volkswagen Group, a niche market where the brand isn’t present but has the potential to strengthen the goal of becoming the number one automotive manufacturer. To introduce is important to addresses the automotive history since the birth until today, where we understand which models were important and for what reasons. We also understand that in Portugal in spite of the great amount of auto enthusiasts the tradition of automotive p...

Perfil logístico de Volkswagen desde la producción

OpenAIRE

Salazar Bustamante, Sebastian Augusto; Roncancio Baron, Juan David

2016-01-01

Este análisis muestra detalladamente la línea de producción de la planta de Volkswagen, ubicada en México en el estado de Puebla. Se describe la capacidad operativa utilizada para satisfacer la demanda de la planta de producción de automóviles más grande de Latinoamérica, siendo clave para mantenerse en el mercado con estándares de calidad altos y contribuir al desarrollo de la economía del país. Asimismo, a nivel regional, esta planta se abastece de proveedores estratégicos ubicados en una z...

To what extent can the different responses of the United States and the European Union to the Volkswagen Scandal be explained by their different applications of performance-based regulation?

OpenAIRE

Booker, Douglas; Wright, Nick

2016-01-01

The revelation that Volkswagen had employed an illegal “defeat device” to comply with regulation, but fundamentally side-step some emission controls during realworld driving, has thrust the issue of regulatory non-compliance into the spotlight. A growing base of evidence has indicated that one of the underlying reasons for the observed emissions discrepancies, and subsequently the Volkswagen Scandal, is shortcomings in regulatory compliance protocols. This has raised questions about the effic...

CONSUMER PERSEPTION IN CONTEXT OF IMAGE IN PUBLICRELATIONS: RESEARCH OF VOLKSWAGEN EMITION NEWS

OpenAIRE

BAYINDIR, Berkan

2017-01-01

In this study, we are examining the American origin news during its first month time period after being released on 18th September 2015 both in the national and foreign press which was about Volkswagen’s manipulating the emission rates in some of their diesel engine car versions, and its effects on Volkswagen made car users or the target group who is interested in the brand. Because of being a well-established company, having a worldwide sales network and being one of the leader companies on ...

The motivation for strategic alliance formation: A case study between FAW-Volkswagen and FAW-Toyota

OpenAIRE

CHEN, L

2009-01-01

This paper investigates the concept of strategic alliance, motivations for strategic alliances formation and criteria for selecting strategic partners. At the same time, it integrates present situations of the international and domestic automobile industries. By analysis and comparison of motives between strategic alliance of FAW-Volkswagen and that of FAW-Toyota, it sums up reasons of China's automobile industry joining strategic alliances and problems that will occur. This paper aims at pro...

HALKLA İLİŞKİLERDE İMAJ BAĞLAMINDA TÜKETİCİNİN ALGISI: VOLKSWAGEN EMİSYON HABERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

OpenAIRE

BAYINDIR, Berkan

2017-01-01

Bu çalışmamızda, Volkswagen firması hakkında 18 Eylül 2015 tarihinde ortaya çıkan firmanın çeşitli otomobil modellerinin dizel motorlu versiyonlarında, emisyon oranları ile ilgili hileli yönlendirme (manipülasyon) yaptıklarına dair Amerika kaynaklı haberin yerli ve yabancı basında yayınlanmasından sonra, ülkemizdeki Volkswagen marka otomobil kullanıcıları veya markaya ilgi duyan hedef kitledeki ilk bir aylık zaman dilimindeki yansımaları incelenecektir. Firmanın köklü bir otomobil markası olm...

Utilización de las variables comerciales propias de los concesionarios de automóviles como indicadores predictores de crisis económicas posteriores = Use of commercial variables of car de alers as predictive indicators of later economic crises

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Óscar Gutiérrez Aragón

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Este artículo lleva a cabo un estudio profundo de la evolución de varios indicadores comerciales vinculados a la actividad propia de un concesionario de automóviles, así como las cifras de ventas de las siete principales marcas generalistas del sector (Renault, Citroën, Peugeot, Seat, Ford, Opel y Volkswagen en un mercado o territorio económicamente deprimido durante el periodo comprendido entre los años 2005 y 2008 en los ejercicios previos a la crisis económica y financiera, con el fin de poner de manifiesto la existencia de un deterioro de las cifras de estas variables anterior a la misma. En consecuencia, y como conclusión, la observación y el análisis de estos datos de un modo sistemático y reflexivo deberían ayudar en gran medida a poder adelantar o pronosticar la llegada de una crisis económica que afectará a más sectores económicos y a territorios geográficos más favorecidos. In the present research we study the evolution of several commercial indicators linked to the activity of a vehicle dealer and the sales figures of the seven major generalist brands in the industry (Renault, Citroen, Peugeot, Seat, Ford, Opel and Volkswagen in an economically depressed area during the period between 2005 and 2008, the previous exercises to the economic and financial crisis, in order to highlight the existence of a decline in these variables before crisis. Consequently, the observation and analysis of these data from a systematic and thoughtful point of view could help to a large extent to predict the coming of an economic crisis that will affect to other economic sectors and more favoured geographical areas.

IMPLEMENTING THE 5S METHOD IN THE PRODUCTION SYSTEM OF DACIA & RENAULT

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Marin CIOBANU

2014-11-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of the 5S method in addressing the issues of continuous improvement of productivity and quality of work. There are presented the 5 steps, techniques and the adjacent tools. Solutions implemented in the production system Dacia & Renault are indicated. This article provides a practical framework. The 5S method follows the Deming PDCA cycle which constitutes the starting point of the SDCA cycle of continuous improvement of the company's activities in order to obtain excellence. The implementing time of the method depends on the resources and materials allocated. Deployment of 5S is achieved by a scheme of "3+2": the first 3S are tangible and immediate actions, the last 2S appeal to specific management actions. The efficacy of their own workplace in total autonomy creates comfort in the work environment and gives personal benefits to workers.

An Empirical Study of the Volkswagen Crisis in China: Customers' Information Processing and Behavioral Intentions.

Science.gov (United States)

Wei, Jiuchang; Zhao, Ming; Wang, Fei; Cheng, Peng; Zhao, Dingtao

2016-01-01

Product-harm crises usually lead to product recalls, which may cause consumers concern about the product quality and safety. This study systematically examines customers' immediate responses to the Volkswagen product recall crisis in China. Particular attention was given to customers' responses to the risk information influencing their behavioral intentions. By combining the protective action decision model and the heuristic-systematic model, we constructed a hypothetical model to explore this issue. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data involving 467 participants drawn from the customers of Volkswagen. We used structural equation modeling to explore the model. The results show that customers' product knowledge plays an important role in their responses to the crisis. Having more knowledge would make them perceive a lower risk, but they might need even more information, making them more likely to seek and process information, and subsequently increasing their positive behavioral intentions toward the firm (that is pro-firm behavioral intentions). Risk perception increased customers' information needs, information seeking, and information processing but decreased their pro-firm behavioral intentions. In addition to promoting information seeking, information needed to also facilitate customers' systematic processing and thus increase their behavioral intentions to take corrective action. Customers' behavioral intentions were also spurred by systematic processing, but failed to be predicted by information seeking. In summary, theoretical and practical implications and suggestions for further research are also discussed. © 2015 Society for Risk Analysis.

Active and passive vehicle safety at Volkswagen accident research

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jungmichel, M.; Stanzel, M.; Zobel, R. [Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg (Germany)

2001-07-01

Accident Analysis is an efficient means of improving vehicle passive safety and is used frequently and intensively. However, reliable data on accident causation is much more difficult to obtain. In most cases, one or more of the persons involved in an accident will face litigation and therefore are reluctant to provide the information that is essential to researchers. In addition, antilock brakes in almost every current vehicle have caused certain characteristic evidence, i.e. skid marks, to appear much less frequently than before. However, this evidence provides valuable information for assessing the reaction of the driver and his attempt to avoid the accident. In order to implement strategies of accident avoidance, accident causation must first be fully understood. Therefore, one of the assignments of the Volkswagen Accident Research Unit is to interpret global statistics, as well as to study single cases in order to come up with strategies for collision avoidance or mitigation. Currently, our primary concern is focused on active vehicle safety by researching vehicle behavior in the pre-crash phase. (orig.)

Vehicle test report: South Coast technology electric conversion of a Volkswagen Rabbit

Science.gov (United States)

Price, T. W.; Shain, T. W.; Bryant, J. A.

1981-01-01

The South Coast Technology Volkswagen Rabbit, was tested at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's (JPL) dynamometer facility and at JPL's Edwards Test Station (ETS). The tests were performed to characterize certain parameters of the South Coast Rabbit and to provide baseline data that will be used for the comparison of near term batteries that are to be incorporated into the vehicle. The vehicle tests were concentrated on the electrical drive system; i.e., the batteries, controller, and motor. The tests included coastdowns to characterize the road load, maximum effort acceleration, and range evaluation for both cyclic and constant speed conditions. A qualitative evaluation of the vehicle was made by comparing its constant speed range performance with those vehicles described in the document 'state of the Art assessment of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles'. The Rabbit performance was near to the best of the 1977 vehicles.

Identificação com a marca: proposição de um instrumento de medida

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Eliane Cristine Francisco Maffezzolli

Full Text Available Este estudo teve por objetivo desenvolver um modelo de mensuração sobre a identificação com a marca. Este construto compreende a congruência entre a imagem pessoal e a imagem de marca, desde que a marca consumida seja um símbolo significativo para a vida do consumidor e para os grupos sociais aos quais ele está vinculado. O suporte teórico desta variável contempla a Teoria de Identidade Social - SIT (TAJFEL, 1984 e a Teoria de Congruência do Self - SCT (SIRGY, 1986. A relevância deste construto se dá enquanto elemento facilitador e orientador das heurísticas de decisão do consumidor. O estudo empírico foi realizado em três etapas no contexto brasileiro: (1 estudo qualitativo exploratório, com 19 entrevistas em profundidade; (2 survey com 194 casos, com coleta via internet, e (3 levantamento com 780 casos, por meio de abordagem pessoal. Quatro marcas foram avaliadas na última etapa empírica: Volkswagen, Fiat, Honda e Renault. Os resultados demonstram que a identificação com marcas pode ser refletida por quatro dimensões: (1 cognitiva: relacionada com o conhecimento e experiência com a marca; (2 afetiva: que contempla o afeto e a conexão emocional desenvolvidos com a marca; (3 avaliativa: está associada ao julgamento pessoal e de terceiros sobre a marca utilizada; e (4 comportamental: observada pelo envolvimento e pelas ações tomadas em prol da marca. A Honda obteve o maior índice de identificação, seguida, respectivamente, da Volkswagen, Fiat e Renault. Por fim, também foi observado que, quanto maior é a identificação com a marca, maior é a tendência em permanecer com a marca em compras futuras. Portanto, a identificação com a marca pode oferecer à empresa uma fonte única de vantagem competitiva.

Ergonomics at Volkswagen Brasil. Multidisciplinary work to equalize health, productivity and quality.

Science.gov (United States)

Filus, Rodrigo; Wruca, Rodrigo; Charleaux, Vanessa; Ortega, Auro; Ferreira, Claudio; Jesus, Leandro; Stramari, Anderson; Neufel, Michel; Maia, Uyara

2012-01-01

Following the technological developments and presented to the multidisciplinary processes as automakers, Volkswagen Brazil, represented by its ergonomists, through this paper, shows the importance of ergonomic efficiency of management applied to various levels of life of a product, since its creation to its final implementation on production lines.The preventive work of ergonomists during the processes leading to production of a vehicle is accomplished through assessments on a simulated system called the Digital Factory. Since the initial stages to final product delivery there is a need for a multidisciplinary aligning the concepts of ergonomics, productivity and quality of product. Industrial Engineering, Process Engineering, ergonomists and workers are involved in the analysis made through the Workshop's showing the importance of discussion between the various users of the systems. The processes of series are also equipped with a set of certifications flow of job and planned audits on items that describe processes and applied ergonomics.

Mary McAuliffe. Twilight of the Belle Epoque: The Paris of Picasso, Stravinsky, Proust, Renault, Marie Curie, Gertrude Stein, and Their Friends through the Great War. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield. 2014. vii + 418 pp.

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Eric Martone

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Review of Mary McAuliffe. Twilight of the Belle Epoque: The Paris of Picasso, Stravinsky, Proust, Renault, Marie Curie, Gertrude Stein, and Their Friends through the Great War . Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield. 2014. vii + 418 pp.

PRODUCT EFFICIENCY IN THE SPANISH AUTOMOBILE MARKET

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González, Eduardo

2013-01-01

Full Text Available This paper evaluates product efficiency in the Spanish automobile market. We use non parametric frontier techniques in order to estimate product efficiency scores for each model. These scores reflect the minimum price for which each car could be sold, given the bundle of tangible features it offers in comparison to the best-buy models. Unlike previous research, we use discounted prices which have been adjusted by car dealerships to meet sale targets. Therefore, we interpret the efficiency scores as indicators of the value of the intangible features of the brand. The results show that Audi, Volvo, Volkswagen and Mercedes offer the greatest intangible value, since they are heavily overpriced in terms of price/product ratios. Conversely, Seat, Kia, Renault and Dacia are the brands that can be taken as referent in terms of price/product ratios.

Estrategia del Grupo Volkswagen de México para la reducción del impacto ambiental generado por sus procesos productivos

OpenAIRE

Valencia Osorio, Lucas

2016-01-01

El siguiente escrito pretende mostrar las estrategias que el Grupo Volkswagen de México implementó para reducir el impacto que generan sus dos fábricas en México al medio ambiente. La primera de ellas, y la más grande en cuanto a infraestructura, recurso humano, complejidad y productividad entre ambas, se ubica en el Estado de Puebla, en su capital Puebla. Se dedica a la fabricación de varios modelos de vehículos para el mercado interno y mundial. La segunda fábrica se ubica en la ciudad de S...

Economic crisis and the automotive industry in Romania

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Iosip, A.

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The economic crisis has affected many areas but the auto industry is perhaps one of the most affected. Renault, Ford, General Motors, Toyota, Volkswagen, BMW are just some of the big players caught unprepared. Through this paper we propose an analysis of the automotive market in Romania in order to understand the sales decrease of the last two years. At the same time we aimed at understanding the reasons that led to a decrease in car sales, what were the measures taken by the government to stop this phenomenon and how the economic crisis influenced the automotive field in Romania. An objective image of the situation in the automobile market in Romania at this moment also requires an analysis of the marketing environment and the changes it has undergone over time. Last but not least we will try to find a series of measures to re-launch the car market in Romania.

Estimating PM2.5-associated mortality increase in California due to the Volkswagen emission control defeat device

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Tianyang; Jerrett, Michael; Sinsheimer, Peter; Zhu, Yifang

2016-11-01

The Volkswagen Group of America (VW) was found by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to have installed "defeat devices" and emit more oxides of nitrogen (NOx) than permitted under current EPA standards. In this paper, we quantify the hidden NOx emissions from this so-called VW scandal and the resulting public health impacts in California. The NOx emissions are calculated based on VW road test data and the CARB Emission Factors (EMFAC) model. Cumulative hidden NOx emissions from 2009 to 2015 were estimated to be over 3500 tons. Adult mortality changes were estimated based on ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) change due to secondary nitrate formation and the related concentration-response functions. We estimated that hidden NOx emissions from 2009 to 2015 have resulted in a total of 12 PM2.5-associated adult mortality increases in California. Most of the mortality increase happened in metropolitan areas, due to their high population and vehicle density.

A volkswagen Kombi: expressão de cultura e de relações com a sociedade pela visão do design estratégico

OpenAIRE

Arnt, Carlos Antônio de Andrade

2016-01-01

Este estudo visa contribuir com os processos projetuais que envolvem as conexões de produtos e marcas junto à sociedade, à cultura e ao mercado. A pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a Volkswagen Kombi, veículo expoente no mercado automobilístico com trajetória ímpar, que ultrapassou as fronteiras habitualmente estabelecidas para um automóvel e suas funções, promovendo uma reflexão a partir da verificação desses vínculos e sugerindo o desenvolvimento de cenários que colaborem para retratar a i...

27 February 2012 - German Secretary General, Volkswagen Foundation, W. Krull signing the guest book with Director for Administration and general infrastructure S. Lettow and International Relations Adviser R. Voss; in the ATLAS visitor centre and ATLAS underground experimental area with Collaboration Member T. Wengler.

CERN Document Server

Laurent Egli

2012-01-01

27 February 2012 - German Secretary General, Volkswagen Foundation, W. Krull signing the guest book with Director for Administration and general infrastructure S. Lettow and International Relations Adviser R. Voss; in the ATLAS visitor centre and ATLAS underground experimental area with Collaboration Member T. Wengler.

Emmanuel Renault, Yves Sintomer (dir., Où en est la théorie critique ?, Paris, La Découverte, coll. « Recherches », 2003, 286 p., 31 €.

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Alexandre Dupeyrix

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Dans l’introduction de cet ouvrage collectif publié en mars 2003, Emmanuel Renault et Yves Sintomer exposent leur volonté de « rendre compte de l’actualité d’un projet [celui de la théorie critique] tout en mettant en perspective les débats ouverts par les œuvres d’Habermas et de Honneth » (p. 10. On peut dire qu’ils ont pleinement réalisé leur ambition : l’ouvrage qu’ils proposent ici est une synthèse très riche et très stimulante des derniers travaux en cours sur la théorie critique et l’É...

Estudio longitudinal de la evolución y la forma como se relaciona TPM con el SPR y su modelo de integración al sistema industrial en una empresa del sector automotriz –Renault-SOFASA–

OpenAIRE

Aguirre Muñoz, Marytzabel

2011-01-01

El presente estudio tiene como fin actualizar al año 2010 las dinámicas de cambio seguidas en la implantación de Mantenimiento Productivo Total (TPM) en una empresa ensambladora de automóviles (Renault-Sofasa), reuniendo los aspectos más relevantes que influyeron en darle a TPM un nuevo enfoque, integrándolo completamente a los procesos de la compañía y al sistema industrial y direccionándolo a contribuir directamente en la consecución de los objetivos corporativos en un período de tiempo com...

Impact of the Volkswagen emissions control defeat device on US public health

Science.gov (United States)

Barrett, Steven R. H.; Speth, Raymond L.; Eastham, Sebastian D.; Dedoussi, Irene C.; Ashok, Akshay; Malina, Robert; Keith, David W.

2015-11-01

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has alleged that Volkswagen Group of America (VW) violated the Clean Air Act (CAA) by developing and installing emissions control system ‘defeat devices’ (software) in model year 2009-2015 vehicles with 2.0 litre diesel engines. VW has admitted the inclusion of defeat devices. On-road emissions testing suggests that in-use NOx emissions for these vehicles are a factor of 10 to 40 above the EPA standard. In this paper we quantify the human health impacts and associated costs of the excess emissions. We propagate uncertainties throughout the analysis. A distribution function for excess emissions is estimated based on available in-use NOx emissions measurements. We then use vehicle sales data and the STEP vehicle fleet model to estimate vehicle distance traveled per year for the fleet. The excess NOx emissions are allocated on a 50 km grid using an EPA estimate of the light duty diesel vehicle NOx emissions distribution. We apply a GEOS-Chem adjoint-based rapid air pollution exposure model to produce estimates of particulate matter and ozone exposure due to the spatially resolved excess NOx emissions. A set of concentration-response functions is applied to estimate mortality and morbidity outcomes. Integrated over the sales period (2008-2015) we estimate that the excess emissions will cause 59 (95% CI: 10 to 150) early deaths in the US. When monetizing premature mortality using EPA-recommended data, we find a social cost of ˜450m over the sales period. For the current fleet, we estimate that a return to compliance for all affected vehicles by the end of 2016 will avert ˜130 early deaths and avoid ˜840m in social costs compared to a counterfactual case without recall.

Impact of the Volkswagen emissions control defeat device on US public health

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barrett, Steven R H; Speth, Raymond L; Dedoussi, Irene C; Ashok, Akshay; Malina, Robert; Eastham, Sebastian D; Keith, David W

2015-01-01

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has alleged that Volkswagen Group of America (VW) violated the Clean Air Act (CAA) by developing and installing emissions control system ‘defeat devices’ (software) in model year 2009–2015 vehicles with 2.0 litre diesel engines. VW has admitted the inclusion of defeat devices. On-road emissions testing suggests that in-use NO x emissions for these vehicles are a factor of 10 to 40 above the EPA standard. In this paper we quantify the human health impacts and associated costs of the excess emissions. We propagate uncertainties throughout the analysis. A distribution function for excess emissions is estimated based on available in-use NO x emissions measurements. We then use vehicle sales data and the STEP vehicle fleet model to estimate vehicle distance traveled per year for the fleet. The excess NO x emissions are allocated on a 50 km grid using an EPA estimate of the light duty diesel vehicle NO x emissions distribution. We apply a GEOS-Chem adjoint-based rapid air pollution exposure model to produce estimates of particulate matter and ozone exposure due to the spatially resolved excess NO x emissions. A set of concentration-response functions is applied to estimate mortality and morbidity outcomes. Integrated over the sales period (2008–2015) we estimate that the excess emissions will cause 59 (95% CI: 10 to 150) early deaths in the US. When monetizing premature mortality using EPA-recommended data, we find a social cost of ∼$450m over the sales period. For the current fleet, we estimate that a return to compliance for all affected vehicles by the end of 2016 will avert ∼130 early deaths and avoid ∼$840m in social costs compared to a counterfactual case without recall. (letter)

The new 2.0 l TDI {sup registered} to fulfill American emission standards in Volkswagens new Passat; Der neue 2,0l TDI {sup registered} zur Erfuellung der amerikanischen Emissionsgesetze in Volkswagens neuem Passat

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kahrstedt, Joern; Dorenkamp, Richard; Kuiken, Sander; Greiner, Michael; Kuehne, Ingo; Nigro, Giampaolo; Duesterdiek, Thorsten; Veldeten, Burkhard; Thoem, Norbert [Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg (Germany)

2011-07-01

Volkswagen introduced the all-new Passat in 2011 at the Detroit Motor Show in the USA. It is a new midsize sedan designed exclusively for the American market and will be built at a completely new plant in Chattanooga, Tennessee. The second-generation 2.0l TDI {sup registered} engine familiar from Europe was extensively modified and further developed for the new Passat, in order to comply with the American BIN5/ULEV emission limits. For this purpose the engine's untreated emissions had to be lowered and, in combination with exhaust emission control by selective catalytic reduction (SCR), compliance with the emission limits throughout the car's operating life ensured. An effective measure for lowering the engine's untreated emissions has proved to be the low-pressure EGR system (LP EGR) [1] introduced on the first-generation 2.0l TDI {sup registered} BIN5 engine. In the course of ongoing development of the LP EGR system, work continued on reducing pressure losses in the system, and charge-air cooling was converted from air to water cooling. Water-cooled charge-air cooling enables intake pipe temperature control independent of ambient temperature, and due to the elimination of throttling and the associated reduction in volume improves road dynamics. Systematic elimination of throttling restrictions in the gas system, combined with improved turbocharging, led to a significant drop in fuel consumption and optimal road performance. As a means of stabilizing untreated emissions in the engine, cylinder-pressure control of combustion was carried-over from the first-generation 2.0l TDI BIN5 engine. Thanks to the closed-loop control of the indicated mean pressure and the centre of combustion with the pressure sensor integrated into the glow-plug, it was possible to minimize the influences of fluctuating fuel quality and component tolerances. The exhaust system was completely revised in order to achieve maximum NOX conversion in the SCR catalytic converter. The

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AUTOMATION STRATEGIES AT VOLKSWAGEN IN GERMANY AND SOUTH AFRICA

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O. Wessel

2012-01-01

Full Text Available

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The final car assembly lines at Volkswagen’s production sites in Germany and South Africa are analysed to determine the best automation level based on cost, productivity, quality, and flexibility for a plant location. The methodology used is proposed by the Fraunhofer Institute. The final assembly processes are analysed and classified according to the automation level. The operations are evaluated at every level of automation based on information from existing factories. If the best levels of automation for all the parameters correspond, the optimal level of automation for a plant is reached. Otherwise, improvements and/or additional considerations are required to optimise the automation level. The result of the analysis indicates that the highest automation level is not necessarily the best in terms of cost and quality, and some de-automation is required. The analysis also shows that a low automation level can result in poor product quality and low productivity. The best automation strategy should be based on the analysis of all the aspects of the process in the local context.

AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die finale monteerlyne by Volkswagen se aanlegte in Duitsland en Suid-Afrika is ontleed om die beste outomatisasievlak te bepaal gebaseer op koste, produktiwiteit, gehalte en aanpasbaarheid gegee die ligging. Die metodologie wat gevolg is, word voorgestel deur die Fraunhofer Instituut. Die finale monteerprosesse is ontleed volgens outomatisasievlak. Die aktiwiteite is ontleed teen elke vlak van outomatisasie gebaseer op inligting van bestaande vervaardigingsaanlegte. Indien die beste outomatisasievlakke vir alle parameters ooreenstem, dan is die optimale vlak van outomatisasie bereik. Indien nie, is verbeterings en/of addisionele oorwegings nodig om die outomatisasievlak te optimiseer. Die resultaat van die ontleding toon dat die grootste mate van outomatisasie nie noodwendig die beste is in terme van koste en gehalte nie

Modeling & Simulation Education for the Acquisition and T&E Workforce: FY07 Deliverable Package

Science.gov (United States)

2007-12-01

Toyota : 9-602-035; Renault- Nissan : 9-303-023; IDEO: 9-600-143 Other references: NPS-SE--08-M01 165 • Bonabeau, E. (2002), “Predicting the...Pharmaceuticals, Inc 9-600-038; BMW: 9-699-044; 9-699-045; Toyota : 9-602-035; Renault- Nissan : 9-303-023; IDEO: 9-600- 143 Other references...600- 038; BMW: 9-699-044; 9-699-045; Toyota : 9-602-035; Renault- Nissan : 9-303- 023; IDEO: 9-600-143 Other references: • Bonabeau, E. (2002

Joint Base Contracting: A Comparative Analysis of Joint Base Contracting Activities between Services

Science.gov (United States)

2011-12-01

purchasing agreements that are not consolidations; specifically, General Motors (GM) and Fiat purchase automotive supplies cooperatively while Renault ...P., & Monnet, J. (2002). Globalizing the firm through co-operative projects: The case of Renault . International Journal of Automotive Technology

Starter model; Einsteiger-Modell

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wilms, Jan

2013-07-15

With the all-electric Zoe Renault could land a best seller. However, the small car can not be charged at any normal household socket. [German] Mit dem vollektrischen Zoe koennte Renault einen Verkaufsschlager landen. Allerdings laesst sich der Kleinwagen nicht an der Haushaltssteckdose laden.

40 CFR Appendix A to Subpart B of... - Standard for Recycle/Recover Equipment

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

..., Germany, Federal Republic D.F. Last, GMC, Troy, MI D.E. Linn, Volkswagen of America, Warren, MI J.H.... Last, GMC, Troy, MI D.E. Linn, Volkswagen of America, Warren, MI J.H. McCorkel, Freightliner Corp...

Joint-Base Contracting: A Comparative Analysis of Joint-Base Contracting Activities Between Services

Science.gov (United States)

2011-11-09

ã= do^ar^qb=p`elli=lc=_rpfkbpp=C=mr_if`=mlif`v= = - 2 - k^s^i=mlpqdo^ar^qb=p`elli= Fiat purchase automotive supplies cooperatively while Renault and...Monica, CA: RAND. Midler, C., Neffa, P., & Monnet, J. (2002). Globalizing the firm through co- operative projects: The case of Renault . International

THE ROLE OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE AUTOMOBILE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

CEAUȘESCU IONUT

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Direct foreign investment consists of the placing of funds to an economic objective that works abroad, for the purpose of obtaining a certain degree of control over it. Therefore, foreign direct investments are those types of investments in which investors issuers of investment flows have the ability to control and decision on the activity of economic agents receivers of investments. Foreign direct investments have three components, namely: social capital, reinvested profit and loans inside the company. Foreign investment is at this time the engine Romania's development strategy, among the biggest investors in Romania in the country being French Renault group. The investment made, Renault has increased as a brand name, DACIA, extending over boundaries of the country even on the American continent were said so, benefited from your investment both Romanian state, as well as Renault.

Europe Report, Science and Technology

Science.gov (United States)

1986-12-08

Fair in Tsukuba several thousand Japanese schoolchildren were conducted a la Disneyland through enormous representations of "space colonies.’ And in...of Elf shares, were to finally grant Renault the additional appro- priation referred to in last April’s special national budget. Renault could then...Fr 2.5 billion in government aid is granted to small and medium-sized companies in the data processing sector. 36 3. Funds are not being funneled

Groupoid Actions on Fractafolds

Science.gov (United States)

Ionescu, Marius; Kumjian, Alex

2014-06-01

We define a bundle over a totally disconnected set such that each fiber is homeomorphic to a fractal blowup. We prove that there is a natural action of a Renault-Deaconu groupoid on our fractafold bundle and that the resulting action groupoid is a Renault-Deaconu groupoid itself. We also show that when the bundle is locally compact the associated C^*-algebra is primitive and has a densely defined lower-semicontinuous trace.

Postavení firmy VW ve světové ekonomice

OpenAIRE

Dohnalová, Barbora

2017-01-01

This bachelor thesis deals with the automotive industry with the main focus on Volkswagen AG. The first chapter discusses history in the automotive industry, new trends and development in this field and history of Volkswagen company. The second chapter analyzes VW from the financial characteristics and deals with its market position. The third chapter is focused on a SWOT analysis of VW Group and next possible developmental trends in the area of automotive production.

Design and Iconic Brands

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

2015-11-01

Full Text Available The VW Beetle, Apple, Porsche … many iconic brands have reached their status with groundbreaking designs. But what makes these designs so special? And is it really the design factor that accounts for the overall success of a brand? Dr. Walter de Silva shares with us his thoughts on iconic designs, the design process and the role of design in branding. Open your heart and mind to his extensive experience in developing designs for Volkswagen, Audi and other brands of the Volkswagen Group

Some advice for Skoda Auto on the Chinese Market

OpenAIRE

Guo, Yun

2017-01-01

Auto industry is an eternal topic. The development of auto industry can be considered as a vital part of GDP in a country. Meanwhile it is a standard to measure technology in a country. Therefore Czech made Skoda Auto Company. Then Volkswagen Group purchased it. It is means Skoda is also a mem-ber of Volkswagen. The quality of the car is really great. The cars of Skoda are entering into Chinese market. Chinese accepts them, however, compare with some old brands, which are Mercedes-Benz, BMW, ...

Suvised sportautod / Robert Koistinen, Aimo Niemi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koistinen, Robert

2014-01-01

TM võrdleb: Abarth 595 Competizion, Alfa Romeo 4C, Audi S1 Sportback, Audi S3 Sedan, Audi RS Q3, BMW M235i, BMW M3, BMW M4, Chevrolet Corvette C7 Stingray, Jaguar F-Type R Coupé, Lamborghini Huracán LP 610-4, McLaren 650S Spider, Mercedes-Benz A 45 AMG, Mini Cooper S, Peugeot RCZ, R Porsche 911 Turbo S, Porsche Macan Turbo, Seat Leon SC Cupra, Subaru WRX STI, Toyota GT86 TRD, Volkswagen Golf R, Volkswagen Polo R WRC

Nomad devices for interactions in immersive virtual environments

Science.gov (United States)

George, Paul; Kemeny, Andras; Merienne, Frédéric; Chardonnet, Jean-Rémy; Thouvenin, Indira Mouttapa; Posselt, Javier; Icart, Emmanuel

2013-03-01

Renault is currently setting up a new CAVE™, a 5 rear-projected wall virtual reality room with a combined 3D resolution of 100 Mpixels, distributed over sixteen 4k projectors and two 2k projector as well as an additional 3D HD collaborative powerwall. Renault's CAVE™ aims at answering needs of the various vehicle conception steps [1]. Starting from vehicle Design, through the subsequent Engineering steps, Ergonomic evaluation and perceived quality control, Renault has built up a list of use-cases and carried out an early software evaluation in the four sided CAVE™ of Institute Image, called MOVE. One goal of the project is to study interactions in a CAVE™, especially with nomad devices such as IPhone or IPad to manipulate virtual objects and to develop visualization possibilities. Inspired by nomad devices current uses (multi-touch gestures, IPhone UI look'n'feel and AR applications), we have implemented an early feature set taking advantage of these popular input devices. In this paper, we present its performance through measurement data collected in our test platform, a 4-sided homemade low-cost virtual reality room, powered by ultra-short-range and standard HD home projectors.

Sten Pentus : minu eesmärk on vormel-1 maailmameister / Rain Pruul

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pruul, Rain

2006-01-01

Kolmapäeval allkirjastasid vormelisõitja Sten Pentus ja Prantsusmaa SG Formula meeskonna juht Stephane Guerin lepingu, mille kohaselt võistleb noor eestlane sel hooajal vormel Renault̀ Eurocup sarjas

DOBAVA "JUST IN TIME" PROIZVAJALCU AVTOMOBILOV RENAULT

OpenAIRE

Nemanič, Marjana

2010-01-01

Diplomsko delo je sestavljeno iz uvoda, teoretičnega in praktičnega dela. V uvodu je opredeljeno področje, ki je predmet raziskave, namen in cilji, osnovne trditve, predpostavke, omejitve raziskave in predvidene metode raziskovanja. Teoretični del opisuje logistične procese, dobavo »just in time«, elektronsko izmenjavo podatkov (EDI), logistične procese v SAP. V ožjem pomenu pomeni dobava »just in time« dobavo ravno ob pravem času. Širše pa pomeni obvladovanje poslovnih procesov v vsakem ...

The drivetrain strategy of a global company facing international competition; Antriebsstrategien eines Weltkonzerns im globalen Wettbewerb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Winterkorn, M. [Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg (Germany)

2007-07-01

The Volkswagen Group has long been aware of its responsibility for climate protection, and vigorously pursues technical innovations to further reduce fuel consumption and emissions - across its entire, extremely wide product range. In models from superminis to luxury saloons, Europe's largest carmaker employs a wide range of technological means to meet stringent environmental legislation worldwide. As a major aspect of its drivetrain strategy, the company is continuing its development of highly efficient TDI, TSI and TFSI engines for all vehicle classes. Hybrid models will also feature among the Volkswagen Group's products on the market. Moreover, the company is carrying out intensive research into alternative fuels and drive systems for the future. (orig.)

Lepromin skin test

Science.gov (United States)

... if left untreated. It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae bacteria. This test is a research tool that ... Renault CA, Ernst JD. Mycobacterium leprae (leprosy). In: Bennett ... Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, Updated Edition . ...

The Volkswagen research car IRVW-Futura. Pt. 1. Das Volkswagen-Forschungsauto IRVW-Futura. T. 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Voy, C

1989-09-01

The presented research car IRVW-Futura points into a direction the automobile development in the next 10-15 years may go. It is compact, easily managed, variable and fitted with numerous components increasing the environmental compatibility, the comfort and the safety. Part I describes the design and the total car concept. A clearly structured 'one-box-design' with two parted wing doors dominates the outer impression. These as well as rear glass door are easily removed for open driving. The fuel consumption of the gasoline direct injection engine is in the range of a power equivalent diesel engine. An intelligent expanded four-wheel steering, automatic parking and a sophisticated distance warning are described. A safety seat for a child integrated in the normal back seat is presented. (orig.).

EPA and California Air Resources Board Approve Remedy to Reduce Excess NOx Emissions from Automatic Transmission “Generation 2” 2.0-Liter Diesel Vehicles

Science.gov (United States)

On May 17, 2017, EPA and the California Air Resources Board (CARB) approved an emissions modification proposed by Volkswagen that will reduce NOx emissions from automatic transmission diesel Passats for model years 2012-2014.

3D Laser Processing : The Renault Rl5

Science.gov (United States)

Rolland, Olivier C.; Meyer, Bernard D.

1986-11-01

The RL5, a five-axis robot, is designed to steer a powerful laser beam on 3 dimensional (3D) trajectories with a great accuracy. Cutting and welding with a CO2 laser beam, drilling with a YAG laser beam are some applications of this machine which can be integrated in a production line. Easy management and modifications of trajectories, obtained either in a teaching mode or by a CAD-CAM system, give the laser tool its main interest : flexibility.

Zweiter Linguistischer Orientierungskurs (Second Linguistic Orientation Course)

Science.gov (United States)

Gosewitz, Uta; Wiegand, Herbert Ernst

1973-01-01

Report on the Second Linguistic Orientation Course sponsored by the Institut fur deutsche Sprache (Institute for the German Language) and funded by the Volkswagen Foundation; held at Mannheim, West Germany, February 21-March 3, 1972. (RS)

40 CFR 86.1706-99 - National LEV program in effect.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Sales of America, Inc. Nissan North America, Inc. Porsche Cars of North America, Inc. Rolls-Royce Motor Cars Inc. Saab Cars USA, Inc. Subaru of America, Inc. Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. Volkswagen of...

Computational models of an inductive power transfer system for electric vehicle battery charge

Science.gov (United States)

Anele, A. O.; Hamam, Y.; Chassagne, L.; Linares, J.; Alayli, Y.; Djouani, K.

2015-09-01

One of the issues to be solved for electric vehicles (EVs) to become a success is the technical solution of its charging system. In this paper, computational models of an inductive power transfer (IPT) system for EV battery charge are presented. Based on the fundamental principles behind IPT systems, 3 kW single phase and 22 kW three phase IPT systems for Renault ZOE are designed in MATLAB/Simulink. The results obtained based on the technical specifications of the lithium-ion battery and charger type of Renault ZOE show that the models are able to provide the total voltage required by the battery. Also, considering the charging time for each IPT model, they are capable of delivering the electricity needed to power the ZOE. In conclusion, this study shows that the designed computational IPT models may be employed as a support structure needed to effectively power any viable EV.

Computational models of an inductive power transfer system for electric vehicle battery charge

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anele, A O; Hamam, Y; Djouani, K; Chassagne, L; Alayli, Y; Linares, J

2015-01-01

One of the issues to be solved for electric vehicles (EVs) to become a success is the technical solution of its charging system. In this paper, computational models of an inductive power transfer (IPT) system for EV battery charge are presented. Based on the fundamental principles behind IPT systems, 3 kW single phase and 22 kW three phase IPT systems for Renault ZOE are designed in MATLAB/Simulink. The results obtained based on the technical specifications of the lithium-ion battery and charger type of Renault ZOE show that the models are able to provide the total voltage required by the battery. Also, considering the charging time for each IPT model, they are capable of delivering the electricity needed to power the ZOE. In conclusion, this study shows that the designed computational IPT models may be employed as a support structure needed to effectively power any viable EV. (paper)

Traffic Safety through Driver Assistance and Intelligence

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Heiner Bubb

2011-05-01

BMW, Daimler, Audi, Citroen, Lexus, VW, Opel, Peugeot, Renault, Chevrolet, Saab and Bosch. Both the contributions of research work concerning driving behavior analysis and driver assistance systems have to be aligned with a permanently updated interaction within the system of driver, vehicle and road traffic environment.

Comparison of a new GIS-based technique and a manual method for determining sinkhole density: An example from Illinois' sinkhole plain

Science.gov (United States)

Angel, J.C.; Nelson, D.O.; Panno, S.V.

2004-01-01

A new Geographic Information System (GIS) method was developed as an alternative to the hand-counting of sinkholes on topographic maps for density and distribution studies. Sinkhole counts were prepared by hand and compared to those generated from USGS DLG data using ArcView 3.2 and the ArcInfo Workstation component of ArcGIS 8.1 software. The study area for this investigation, chosen for its great density of sinkholes, included the 42 public land survey sections that reside entirely within the Renault Quadrangle in southwestern Illinois. Differences between the sinkhole counts derived from the two methods for the Renault Quadrangle study area were negligible. Although the initial development and refinement of the GIS method required considerably more time than counting sinkholes by hand, the flexibility of the GIS method is expected to provide significant long-term benefits and time savings when mapping larger areas and expanding research efforts. ?? 2004 by The National Speleological Society.

Väiksed ja vihased / Aimo Niemi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Niemi, Aimo

2010-01-01

TM võrdleb väikeseid turboautosid: Citroën C4 1,6i Turbo Luxury, Fiat Bravo 1,4 TB 120 Dynamic, Opel Astra 1,4 Enjoy Turbo, Renault Mégane 1,4 TCE Dynamique, Seat Leon 1,4 TSI Style, Toyota Auris 1,6 Linea Sol

Passive safety; Passive Sicherheit

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rueckert, J. [Skoda Auto a.s., Mlada Boleslav (Czech Republic). Interieurentwicklung und Versuche; Hau, M. [Skoda Auto a.s., Mlada Boleslav (Czech Republic). Koordination der Fahrzeugsicherung

2004-05-01

The specifications for passive safety are partly based on the legal requirements for all export markets combined with the strict internal standards of Volkswagen Group. The Euro NCAP tests and their precisely defined testing methods using the new point assessment are very important. (orig.)

Electrodeposition of porous zinc oxide electrodes in the presence of sodium laurylsulfate

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Michaelis, E.; Wöhrle, D.; Rathouský, Jiří; Wark, M.

2006-01-01

Roč. 497, 1-2 (2006), s. 163-169 ISSN 0040-6090 Grant - others:Volkswagen Foundation(DE) I/77723 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40400503 Keywords : zinc oxide * electrochemistry * structural properties * templating Subject RIV: CG - Electrochemistry Impact factor: 1.666, year: 2006

Üle keskmise... ... keskpärased

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2012-01-01

Võrdluses on 8 sedaani: Chevrolet Malibu 2,4 A; Ford Mondeo 1,6 Ecoboost; Hyundai i40 1,6 GDI; Mazda6 2,0; Peugeot 508 THP 156; Škoda Superb 1,4 TSI; Toyota Avensis 1,8 Valvematic; Volkswagen Passat 1,4 TSI

Photolysis of Hydrogen Chloride Embedded in the First Argon Solvation Shell: Rotation Control and Quantum Dynamics of Photofragments

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kaprálová-Žďánská, Petra Ruth; Schmidt, B.; Jungwirth, Pavel

1999-01-01

Roč. 110, č. 13 (1999), s. 6246-6256 ISSN 0021-9606 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA4040706 Grant - others:Volkswagen Stiftung(DE) I/72114; Deutsche Forschunsgemeinschaft(DE) SFB337 Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 3.289, year: 1999

Prantsuse aktsiatest ahvatlevad Peugeot, Renault ja Arcelor / Annika Matson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Matson, Annika, 1976-

2005-01-01

Pariisi börsi aktsiatest, kus vaieldamatu soosik on maailma suurim terasetootja Arcelor. Tabel: Prantsuse börsi atraktiivseim aktsia hetkel terasetootja Arcelor. Vt. samas: Eestlaste lemmikud Pariisi börsil olid mullu Alcatel ja Alstom

Väikesed viieukselised / Jussa Nieminen, Pekka Aromaa, Jari Pitkäjärvi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Nieminen, Jussa

2013-01-01

TM võrdleb viieukselisi väikeautosid: Ford Fiesta 1,0 EcoBoost Titanium; Kia Rio 1,4 EX; Peugeot 208 VTi 82 Allure; Renault Clio TCe 90 Expression; Seat Ibiza 1,2 TSI 77 kW Style Ecomotive; Toyota Yaris 1,33 Dual VVT-i VSC 73kW Linea Terra

USSR Report World Economy and International Relations No. 9, September 1983.

Science.gov (United States)

1984-01-04

Problems Held (pp 139-141) (V. Vaulin) 87 BOOK, AUTHORS Review of "La crisis economica y social del mundo " by Fidel Castro (pp 142-144 (Ye. Kosarev...working class have preserved their fighting spirit, to which the strikes at the Citroen and Renault auto companies and other protests by the working

Jornada de trabalho: uma regulamentação em múltipla escolha

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Blass Leila Maria da Silva

1998-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo trata da regulamentação recente da jornada de trabalho na Volkswagen e na Ford, logo após a dissolucão da Autolatina. Os acordos selados introduzem a redução e flexibilização da jornada de trabalho, combinadas à instituição de um banco de horas. No caso da Volkswagen, a sua implantação incide nas relações de poder e nos contratos de trabalho efetuados pela empresa. Os seus resultados, embora bastante positivos, ficam restritos ao âmbito dessas montadoras e da base sindical dos metalúrgicos do ABC paulista, ilustrando a sua proposta de ação sindical, denominada "modernização negociada". Por isso, esses acordos devem ser avaliados à luz da trajetória recente das lutas operárias e sindicais, tendo em vista as tendências do sindicalismo brasileiro e internacional.

Heat management in a new modular transverse toolkit used by Volkswagen; Thermomanagement im neuen modularen Querbaukasten bei Volkswagen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jaeckel, Tobias; Neusser, Heinz-Jakob; Metzner, Frank-Thomas; Herzog, Ralf [Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg (Germany)

2012-11-01

Most trips in a passenger car are shorter than 15km. Especially at low temperatures the engine, gearbox and cabin occupants compete for their heat requirements. To solve this problem an intelligent cold start and warm up program is necessary. The Innovative Thermal Management (ITM) function reduces the engine warm up time after a cold start by a systematic management of the coolant flows in the engine. Hereby the engine and gearbox reach their consumption-optimal temperature quicker. The consequence is that heating up time for the cabin is also reduced. This uniform group managment software was implemented into the ECU's of different engines in the modular transverse engine range (MQB). In the early phase of development different control strategies and technologies where simulated via a Co-Simulation environment. The potential of the third thermal management generation (ITM3) can hereby be identified at an early stage and operating scenarios can be developed. The interaction of thermal management measures upon partly and fully electrified vehicles was respected during the development of the model range with the simulation environment. (orig.)

Värvilised pisimunad / Robert Koistinen, Pekka Aromaa, Jari Pitkäjärvi ja Pekka Rantanen

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2015-01-01

TM võrdleb. Väikesed väikeautod: Citroën C1 e-VTi 68 Feel, Hyundai i10 1,0 Comfort, Mitsubishi Space Star 1,2 H-Line 5MT Invite, Renault Twingo Zen 1,0 SCe 70, Seat Mii 1,0 Start&Stop Style 5D, Toyota Aygo 1,0 X-cite

76 FR 52880 - Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Side Impact Protection

Science.gov (United States)

2011-08-24

..., Mercedes-Benz USA, Mitsubishi Motors, Porsche, Toyota, and Volkswagen. III. Response to Petition a... various levels of government.'' NHTSA rules can preempt in two ways. First, the National Traffic and Motor... way that NHTSA rules can preempt is dependent upon there being an actual conflict between an FMVSS and...

Quantization of Poisson Manifolds from the Integrability of the Modular Function

Science.gov (United States)

Bonechi, F.; Ciccoli, N.; Qiu, J.; Tarlini, M.

2014-10-01

We discuss a framework for quantizing a Poisson manifold via the quantization of its symplectic groupoid, combining the tools of geometric quantization with the results of Renault's theory of groupoid C*-algebras. This setting allows very singular polarizations. In particular, we consider the case when the modular function is multiplicatively integrable, i.e., when the space of leaves of the polarization inherits a groupoid structure. If suitable regularity conditions are satisfied, then one can define the quantum algebra as the convolution algebra of the subgroupoid of leaves satisfying the Bohr-Sommerfeld conditions. We apply this procedure to the case of a family of Poisson structures on , seen as Poisson homogeneous spaces of the standard Poisson-Lie group SU( n + 1). We show that a bihamiltonian system on defines a multiplicative integrable model on the symplectic groupoid; we compute the Bohr-Sommerfeld groupoid and show that it satisfies the needed properties for applying Renault theory. We recover and extend Sheu's description of quantum homogeneous spaces as groupoid C*-algebras.

По зимнему бездорожью на полном приводе / Велиматти Хонканен, Яри Питкаярви и Ярмо Сукава

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Хонканен, Велиматти

2003-01-01

Audi A4 1,8 T Quattro, BMW 325Xi, Honda HR-V 1,6i, Jaguar X-Type 3,0 V6, Mercedes-Benz E 320 4matic, Renault Scenic RX4 2,0, Škoda Octavia Combi 2,0WD, Subaru Impreza 2,0 GX, Suzuki Liana 1,6 4WD, Volvo S60 AWD

A study on the implementation of in-wheel motors in a VW Lupo

NARCIS (Netherlands)

George, A.D.; Nijmeijer, H.; Besselink, I.J.M.

2012-01-01

This report presents the results of the study on the implementation of an In-Wheel Motor (IWM) propulsion system and the design of a rear suspension for such a system for a Volkswagen Lupo. Previous research has been conducted at the Eindhoven University of Technology on the impact of in-wheel

Study of chaperone-like activity of human haptoglobin: conformational changes under heat shock conditions and localization of interaction sites

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Ettrich, R.; Brandt, W.; Kopecký ml., V.; Baumruk, V.; Hofbauerová, Kateřina; Pavlíček, Z.

2002-01-01

Roč. 383, č. 10 (2002), s. 1667-1676 ISSN 1431-6730 Grant - others:GA UK(CZ) 220/2000/B-CH; Volkswagen Foundation(DE) I/74679 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z5011922; CEZ:MSM 113100001 Keywords : chaperone * haptoglobin * molecular modeling Subject RIV: BO - Biophysics Impact factor: 2.548, year: 2002

FIAT-i juht : maailma jääb alles vaid kuus suurt autotootjat / Erik Aru

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Aru, Erik

2008-01-01

FIAT-i tegevjuhi Sergio Marchionne hinnangul jääb kriisi lõpuks alles üks Ameerika, üks Saksa, üks Prantsuse, üks Hiina ja üks võimalik üleeuroopaline autotootja. Analüütik Jürgen Pieperi hinnangul on kõige haavatavamad FIAT, BMW ja PSA/Peugeot-Citroen, alles jäävad VW, Renault-Nissan ja Daimler

Small towns as centres of rural micro-regions

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Vaishar, Antonín; Zapletalová, Jana

2009-01-01

Roč. 1, č. 2 (2009), s. 70-81 ISSN 1803-8417 Grant - others:Nadace Volkswagen(DE) RA2240/06 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z30860518 Keywords : small towns * periphery * Czechia Subject RIV: AP - Urban, Regional and Transport Planning http://versita.metapress.com/content/w7p7282292l48735/fulltext.pdf

Moodsad ja võimekad

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2014-01-01

TM võrdleb: nelikveolised universaalid: Audi A4 Allroad 2,0 TDI Quattro S tronic, Opel Insignia Country Tourer 2,0 CDTI BiTurbo 4×4 A, Peugeot 508 RXH HYbrid4, Subaru Outback 2,0 D Lineartronic, Volkswagen Passat Alltrack 2,0 TDI 4Motion DSG, Volvo XC70 D4 Momentum AWD

Carbon dioxide R744 as a refrigerant in automotive air-conditioning systems; Kohlendioxid-R744 als Kaeltemittel in Fahrzeug-Klimaanlagen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kuhn, P.; Graz, M.; Obrist, F. [Obrist Engineering GmbH (Germany); Parsch, W. [LuK Fahrzeug-Hydraulik GmbH und Co. KG (Germany); Rinne, F. [Sanden Technical Center (Europe) GmbH (Germany)

2001-12-01

Toyota's announcement that they are to use environmentally friendly, high-performance air-conditioning systems based on the refrigerant R744 as from the year 2003 confirms a world-wide trend. German competitors documented their development achievements in this area during the course of SAE conferences in Phoenix during the period 1998 to 2000. The authors who contributed to the present article come from LuK/Sanden and Obrist Engineering, both of which work closely with Audi, BMW, DaimlerChrysler, Volkswagen and their suppliers to develop components and processes. (orig.) [German] Die Ankuendigung von Toyota, umweltfreundliche und leistungsfaehige Klimaanlagen mit dem Kaeltemittel R744 ab 2003 serienmaessig einzusetzen, bestaetigt einen weltweiten Trend. Auch die deutschen Wettbewerber haben - unter anderem im Verlauf von SAE-Veranstaltungen in Phoenix in den Jahren 1998 bis 2000 - ihre Entwicklungsleistungen auf diesem Gebiet dokumentiert. Das Autorenteam besteht aus Mitarbeitern der Firmen LuK/Sanden und Obrist Engineering, die in enger Zusammenarbeit mit Audi, BMW, DaimlerChrysler, Volkswagen und deren Zulieferern Komponenten und Prozesse fuer zukuenftige Klimaanlagen entwickeln. (orig.)

Guidance system monitors regional link network; Leitsystem ueberwacht regionales Verbundleitungsnetz

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gorgas, O. [IDS GmbH, Ettlingen (Germany)

2002-07-01

The Harzwasserwerke GmbH, as a regional supplier in Lower Saxony, treat drinking water in dam and ground water works. An approximately 500 km long supply network supplies water to around 70 towns and communities in Northern Germany. This means around one and a half million people are supplied with the life elixir in renowned towns such as Hannover, Wolfsburg (with the Volkswagen AG), Braunschweig, Hildesheim, Goettingen and Bremen. A new network guidance system has been installed to monitor the pipeline system and the feed to water works and feed in and out of high-level reservoirs. (orig.) [German] Die Harzwasserwerke GmbH als Regionalversorger in Niedersachsen bereiten Trinkwasser in Talsperren- und Grundwasserwerken auf. Ueber ein rund 500 km langes Leitungsnetz werden im Norden Deutschlands etwa 70 Staedte und Gemeinden versorgt. Damit werden rund eineinhalb Millionen Menschen mit dem Lebensmittel Nummer Eins, unter anderem in namhaften Staedten wie Hannover, Wolfsburg mit der Volkswagen AG, Braunschweig, Hildesheim, Goettingen und Bremen beliefert. Zur Ueberwachung des Leitungssystems und der Einspeisung an Wasserwerken bzw. Ein- und Ausspeisungen an Hochbehaeltern wurde ein neues Netzleitsystem installiert. (orig.)

Endogenous isoprenoid and aromatic cytokinins in different plant parts of Cocos nucifera (L.)

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Sáenz, L.; Jones, L. H.; Oropeza, C.; Vláčil, D.; Strnad, Miroslav

2003-01-01

Roč. 39, č. 3 (2003), s. 205-215 ISSN 0167-6903 Grant - others:Centro de Investigación(MX) 88207; Volkswagen Stiftung(DE) I/76 865 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z5038910; CEZ:MSM 153100008 Keywords : Cocos nucifera * Cytokinin identification * Cytokinin quantification Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology Impact factor: 0.688, year: 2003

Incorporation of aluminium and iron into the zeolite MCM-58

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Košová, Gabriela; Ernst, S.; Hartmann, M.; Čejka, Jiří

-, č. 6 (2005), s. 1154-1161 ISSN 1434-1948 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR(CZ) KJB4040402; GA ČR GA203/03/0804 Grant - others:Volkswagen-Stiftung(DE) I/75 886 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40400503 Keywords : acidity * aluminum * kinetics * zeolites Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 2.514, year: 2005

2002 survey - energy, petroleum, natural gas, automobile, environment; Panorama 2002 - energie, petrole, gaz naturel, automobile, environnement

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Giannesini, J F [Institut Francais du Petrole (IFP), 92 - Rueil-Malmaison (France); Schweitzer, L; Fayolle, J P [Renault, 92 - Boulogne Billancourt (France); Nejat Veziroglu, T [Association Hydrogen Energy (Canada); Alleau, Th [Association Francaise de l' Hydogene, 75 - Paris (France); Gueguen, C [Totalfinaelf raffinerie de Feyzin, 69 - Lyon (France)

2002-07-01

The French institute of petroleum (IFP) has organized its seventh annual international 'Panorama' colloquium on the theme: fuels of the future. This document brings together the different invited talks given in Paris, Lyon and Brussels on this theme: a summary of 2001 highlights in the oil and gas industry given by J.F. Giannesini (IFP head's adviser), a prospective analysis of future automotive fuels with respect to fossil fuel reserves depletion and environmental policy constraints given by L. Schweitzer (president of Renault car making industry), a presentation of the hydrogen and synthetic fuel energy systems of the 21. century by T. Nejat Veziroglu (president of the international association for hydrogen energy), a presentation of the economical, environmental, technical and political aspects of hydrogen as a future energy vector by T. Alleau (president of the French association of hydrogen AFH2), the formulation of future automotive fuels as seen from the eye of the refinery engineer by C. Geguen (technical director of Feyzin refinery (TotalFinaElf)), and a last paper about the recent and future evolutions of diesel engines for industrial vehicles by J.P. Fayolle (director of engines R and D, Renault industrial vehicles). (J.S.)

Economic balance sheet of a natural gas vehicle fleet

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1996-01-01

Natural gas fuels for vehicles bear an important and variable additional cost which corresponds to the cost for compression. This short paper gives a cost-benefit comparative estimation of the m 3 of natural gas cost when the FUELMAKER and the CIRRUS compressors are used, respectively. A comparative economic estimation between petrol and natural gas for vehicles is given for two Renault vehicles. (J.S.)

Secondary and tertiary structure of nucleotide-binding domain of alpha subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Hofbauerová, Kateřina; Kopecký ml., Vladimír; Ettrich, Rüdiger; Ettrichová, Olga; Amler, Evžen

2002-01-01

Roč. 67, 4-5 (2002), s. 242-246 ISSN 0006-3525 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA204/01/0254; GA ČR GA204/01/1001 Grant - others:Volkswagen Foundation(DE) I/74 679 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z5011922 Keywords : Na+/K+- ATPase * ATP binding * molecular modeling Subject RIV: BO - Biophysics Impact factor: 2.372, year: 2002

Quantitative analysis of cytokinins in plants by liquid chromatography single-quadrupole mass spectrometry

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Novák, Ondřej; Tarkowski, Petr; Tarkowská, Danuše; Doležal, Karel; Lenobel, René; Strnad, Miroslav

2003-01-01

Roč. 480, č. 2 (2003), s. 207ů218 ISSN 0003-2670 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA522/01/0275 Grant - others:Volkswagen Stiftung(DE) I/76 865 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z5038910; CEZ:MSM 153100008 Keywords : Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry * Cytokinins Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology Impact factor: 2.210, year: 2003

Identification of new aromatic cytokinins in Arabidopsis thaliana and Populus x canadensis leaves by LC-(+)ESI-MS and capillary liquid chromatography/frit-fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Tarkowská, Danuše; Doležal, Karel; Tarkowski, Petr; Astot, C.; Holub, Jan; Fuksová, K.; Schmülling, T.; Sandberg, G.; Strnad, Miroslav

2003-01-01

Roč. 117, č. 4 (2003), s. 579-590 ISSN 0031-9317 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA522/01/0275 Grant - others:Volkswagen Stiftung(DE) I/76 865 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z5038910; CEZ:MSM 153100008 Keywords : 9--D-ribofuranosyl derivatives * Agrobacterium tumefaciens * bombardment-mass spectrometry Subject RIV: CE - Biochemistry Impact factor: 1.767, year: 2003

Preparation and biological activity of 6-benzylaminopurine derivatives in plants and human cancer cells

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Doležal, Karel; Popa, Igor; Kryštof, Vladimír; Spíchal, Lukáš; Fojtíková, M.; Holub, Jan; Lenobel, René; Schmülling, T.; Strnad, Miroslav

2005-01-01

Roč. 14, č. 3 (2005), s. 875-884 ISSN 0968-0896 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA203/04/1168; GA AV ČR IBS4055304 Grant - others:Volkswagen Stiftung(DE) I/76865 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50380511; MSM 153100008 Keywords : 6-Benzylaminopurine * cytokinin * receptor Subject RIV: FR - Pharmacology ; Medidal Chemistry Impact factor: 2.286, year: 2005

Water footprint of European cars: potential impacts of water consumption along automobile life cycles.

Science.gov (United States)

Berger, Markus; Warsen, Jens; Krinke, Stephan; Bach, Vanessa; Finkbeiner, Matthias

2012-04-03

Due to global increase of freshwater scarcity, knowledge about water consumption in product life cycles is important. This study analyzes water consumption and the resulting impacts of Volkswagen's car models Polo, Golf, and Passat and represents the first application of impact-oriented water footprint methods on complex industrial products. Freshwater consumption throughout the cars' life cycles is allocated to material groups and assigned to countries according to import mix shares or location of production sites. Based on these regionalized water inventories, consequences for human health, ecosystems, and resources are determined by using recently developed impact assessment methods. Water consumption along the life cycles of the three cars ranges from 52 to 83 m(3)/car, of which more than 95% is consumed in the production phase, mainly resulting from producing iron, steel, precious metals, and polymers. Results show that water consumption takes place in 43 countries worldwide and that only 10% is consumed directly at Volkswagen's production sites. Although impacts on health tend to be dominated by water consumption in South Africa and Mozambique, resulting from the production of precious metals and aluminum, consequences for ecosystems and resources are mainly caused by water consumption of material production in Europe.

2002 survey - energy, petroleum, natural gas, automobile, environment; Panorama 2002 - energie, petrole, gaz naturel, automobile, environnement

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Giannesini, J.F. [Institut Francais du Petrole (IFP), 92 - Rueil-Malmaison (France); Schweitzer, L.; Fayolle, J.P. [Renault, 92 - Boulogne Billancourt (France); Nejat Veziroglu, T. [Association Hydrogen Energy (Canada); Alleau, Th. [Association Francaise de l' Hydogene, 75 - Paris (France); Gueguen, C. [Totalfinaelf raffinerie de Feyzin, 69 - Lyon (France)

2002-07-01

The French institute of petroleum (IFP) has organized its seventh annual international 'Panorama' colloquium on the theme: fuels of the future. This document brings together the different invited talks given in Paris, Lyon and Brussels on this theme: a summary of 2001 highlights in the oil and gas industry given by J.F. Giannesini (IFP head's adviser), a prospective analysis of future automotive fuels with respect to fossil fuel reserves depletion and environmental policy constraints given by L. Schweitzer (president of Renault car making industry), a presentation of the hydrogen and synthetic fuel energy systems of the 21. century by T. Nejat Veziroglu (president of the international association for hydrogen energy), a presentation of the economical, environmental, technical and political aspects of hydrogen as a future energy vector by T. Alleau (president of the French association of hydrogen AFH2), the formulation of future automotive fuels as seen from the eye of the refinery engineer by C. Geguen (technical director of Feyzin refinery (TotalFinaElf)), and a last paper about the recent and future evolutions of diesel engines for industrial vehicles by J.P. Fayolle (director of engines R and D, Renault industrial vehicles). (J.S.)

Refrigeration plants for the assembly hall VW Mechatronics; Kaeltetechnische Anlagen fuer die Fertigungshalle VW Mechatronic

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stroeder, R. [BKI Brab und Kahl Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH, Aachen (Germany)

2005-07-01

The partial air-conditioning plants of the 16,500 m-2 assembly hall Volkswagen Mechatronic in Stollberg near Chemnitz was described in the September and October 2005 edition of the magazine ''TAB Technik am Bau''. Refrigeration energy at various temperature levels is necessary to supply these plants and for process cooling. The resulting refrigeration plants are described in the following contribution. (orig.)

O Caso Nissan: superação da antinomia liderança versus burocracia?

OpenAIRE

Lins, Daniel; Correia, Milka Alves

2008-01-01

This article presents the results of a study about the Nissan’s succession process, which happened after the transference of shareholding control from the Japanese company to the French Renault and that appointed Brazilian executive Carlos Ghosn as Nissan’s CEO. Having personal characteristics which distinguish him as a charismatic leader, the Brazilian executive had the challenger of rescuing Nissan from a nearly bankrupt. For characterization and analysis of the Brazilian executive and Niss...

An energy source which has come just in the nick of time; Une source d'energie qui tombe pile

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jacquemin, Ch.

1999-12-01

Fifty-six projects from industrialists and public research organisms have been proposed to the 'fuel cell' research and technological innovation network. Moreover, a project carried out by the French PSA/Renault car manufacturers and devoted to the development of vehicles equipped with fuel cells has been labelled by the network. This short paper summarizes the aim and organization of the fuel cell network in the French scientific and technical program. (J.S.)

The fuel cell: a coming technology for the cogeneration and the automotive; La pile a combustible: une technologie d'avenir pour la cogeneration et l'automobile

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-07-01

In the framework of the Eco-Industries 2000 meeting, the ATEE organized a colloquium on the fuel cell use in the automotive and cogeneration industries. This book presents the six papers proposed at this colloquium bringing information on the fuel cell market, design and advantages. In the automotive domain, the fuel cell integration in the future car at Renault is presented. The PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) concept is also detailed. (A.L.B.)

Thermographic study of the preheating plugs in diesel engines

OpenAIRE

Royo Pastor, Rafael; Albertos Arranz, M.A.; CÁRCEL CUBAS, JUAN ANTONIO; Payá Herrero, Jorge

2012-01-01

The use of direct injection diesel engines has been widely applied during the past ten years. In such engines, the preheating plugs are a key element which has a significant contribution in the pollutant emissions. In this paper, two different plug designs from Renault are analyzed. The new plug reduces substantially the required electrical consumption. Nevertheless, the pollutant emissions are higher (fundamentally CO and HCs) and hereby a thorough analysis is required to underst...

Green Jobs in Tennessee: Economic Impact of Green Investments

OpenAIRE

Murat Arik

2011-01-01

The term green jobs has been widely used to describe jobs in businesses that are particularly related to renewable energy, energy efficiency, or environmental sustainability. The Business and Economic Research Center has partnered with the Tennessee Department of Labor and Workforce Development to estimate the economic impact of six ground-breaking green investments in Tennessee: Hemlock Semiconductor, Wacker Chemie AG, Volkswagen, Nissan Leaf and Storage Battery Manufacturing, Tennessee Sola...

The German Economy and U.S.-German Economic Relations

Science.gov (United States)

2009-11-30

Should the SPD and The Left overcome existing differences, the grouping could represent a leftward shift in German politics. Alliance ’90 / The...and replaced it with less generous social assistance benefits already available to poor individuals, regardless of employment history . These changes...director at Volkswagen . 48Hans-Werner Sinn, Can Germany Be Saved?, p. 108. 49 Alister Miskimmon and Walter E. Paterson, “Conclusion: coping with the

(Al)MCM-41 Molecular Sieves. Aluminium Distribution, Uniformity and Structure of Inner Surface

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Dědeček, Jiří; Žilková, Naděžda; Kotrla, Josef; Čejka, Jiří

2003-01-01

Roč. 68, č. 10 (2003), s. 1998-2018 ISSN 0010-0765 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA104/02/0571; GA AV ČR IAA4040001; GA AV ČR IBS4040017 Grant - others:Volkswagen Stiftung(DE) I/75886 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z4040901 Keywords : molecular sieves * mesoporous materials * Vis spectroscopy Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 1.041, year: 2003

"Tonnised" / Juha Aromaa

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Aromaa, Juha

2009-01-01

Kaubikute võrdlustest: Citroën Jumper 30L2H1 2,2Hdi; Ford Transit 300M Van Base 2,2 TDCi; Mercedes-Benz Vito 109 CDI; Toyota Hiace 2,5 td D-4D 117; Fiat Scudo 2,0 JTD 12 PL/6; Hyundai H-1 2,5 CRDi; Opel Vivaro Van 2,0 CDTI L2H1; Volkswagen Transporter 1,9 TDI PD

JPRS Report. Science & Technology: Europe.

Science.gov (United States)

1991-03-29

But when the Eureka [European Research Coor- dination Agency] Space-Frame bodywork project, devel- oped jointly with Renault, goes into production, a...will not only be used to cast engines en bloc, cylinder heads, pistons, and wheels, but will also be adopted for bodywork , to produce chassis...is a reduction from the current 8.7 liters to 5.6 liters per 100 km by the year 2000. The aluminum Space concept sets out to reduce bodywork weight

Reestructuración productiva y estrategias de aprovisionamiento

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ludger Pries

2000-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo se ocupa de analizar las principales transformaciones ocurridas en el perfil productivo de la empresa Volkswagen de México. El trabajo se divide en tres apartados; el primero está dedicado a ilustrar el proceso de reestructuración del perfil internacional del consorcio Volkswagen; el segundo explica las estrategias de aprovisionamiento y las relaciones con sus proveedores, y el tercero hace un balance del impacto de estos cambios en la región de Puebla. El documento describe el establecimiento de la empresa en México y, tomando como base el año de 1992, caracteriza las dos distintas situaciones experimentadas. La primera (?antes de?, se distingue por una amplia gama de productos pero sin lograr una real economía a escala, bajo nivel de modernización y automatización, y organización del trabajo y políticas de personal adaptadas a las condiciones generales del país. La segunda (?después de? se caracteriza por un cambio de modelo, nuevo sistema de trabajo, sustitución de gran parte de su alta gerencia, y el inicio de una nueva estrategia y estructuras de aprovisionamiento que ? invita ? a sus proveedores a establecerse en la zona de Puebla .

„Naumburské kolegium“ – Interdisciplinární výzkum v západním chóru dómu v Naumburgu

OpenAIRE

Herm, Christoph

2013-01-01

The Cathedral in Naumburg is an outstanding example of ecclesiastical architecture in Germany. In particular this is due to its statues and reliefs in the west choir created in the middle of the 13th century. This paper gives an overview of the “Naumburg Kolleg”, a three year interdisciplinary research programme funded by the Volkswagen Foundation. Within this project, eleven scientists of six different scientific disciplines (art technology and conservation science, natural sciences, buildin...

Naval War College Review. Volume 61, Number 4, Autumn 2008

Science.gov (United States)

2008-01-01

activities. Even major international corporations have been unable to make headway. After Dayton, the German auto giant Volkswagen AG attempted to re- build...and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the U.S. government , the U.S. Navy Department, or...Naval War College; selected U.S. government officials and agen- cies; and selected U.S. and international libraries, research centers, publications, and

Financial Analysis on the example of Audi Group

OpenAIRE

Maltseva, Anna

2015-01-01

The aim of this master thesis is a financial analysis of Audi Group. Audi is one of the most popular brand of premium car manufacturers, which has a long history and which is a part of one of the biggest world groups in automotive industry -- Volkswagen Group. In this paper we will look into its financial reports in order to analyze its financial performance and make the conclusion in the end -- is Audi Group successful?

Turvalisus kõigepealt / Jukka Antila

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Antila, Jukka

2015-01-01

TM võrdleb suverehve. Testiauto: Volkswagen Golf. Rehvimõõt: 205/55 R 16. Rehvid: Apollo Alnac 4G, Barum Bravuris 3 HM, Continental ContiPremiumContact 5, Dunlop Sport Blu Response, Firestone Firehawk TZ300, Goodride Sport SA-37, Goodyear Efficient Grip Performance, Hankook Ventus Prime 2, Kumho Solus HS51, Landsail LS 588 UHP, Michelin Primacy 3, Nankang Econex NA-1, Nokian Hakka Blue, Pirelli Cinturato P7 Blue, Vredestein Sportrac 5 Giugiaro

Controlling the Transport of an Ion: Classical and Quantum Mechanical Solutions

Science.gov (United States)

2014-07-09

Henning Kaufmann for useful contributions to the numerical framework. The Mainz team acknowledges financial support by the Volkswagen- Stiftung, the DFG...Forschergruppe (FOR 1493) and the EU -projects DIAMANT (FP7-ICT), IP- SIQS, the IARPA MQCO project and the MPNS COST Action MP1209. MHG and CPK are...grateful to the DAAD for financial support. SM, FSK and TC acknowledge support from EU - projects SIQS, DIAMANT, QUOREP, DIADEMS and PICC and from the DFG

Learning Distance Functions for Exemplar-Based Object Recognition

Science.gov (United States)

2007-08-08

1962 Ferrari 250 Ferrari 348T Ferrari F40 Ferrari F50 Fiat 500 Ford GT90 Ford Mustang GT London Taxi Ford GT40 1984 Ferrari GTO Toyota Land Cruiser...BMW Isetta 250 Jaguar Jaguar XJ 220 1968 VW Karmann Ghia Lamborghini Countach 1995 Lancia Aurelia B24 Spider Toyota Lucida Mercedes 300 SE Mercedes 300...SL Mercedes A-Class Mercedes S600 Messerschmitt KR 200 1964 Mini Coopers Mustang Mark III Nissan Patrol GR Honda NSX Porsche 356 Honda Prelude Renault

CrossTalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering. Volume 20, Number 2

Science.gov (United States)

2007-02-01

profiles and guides so that compliance with ISO /IEC 12207 and/or ISO 9001:2000 and ISO /IEC 15504 process assessment becomes pos- sible with a minimum...Enterprises This article discusses the utilization of ISO /IEC JTC 1/SC7 in very small enterprises. by Claude Y. Laporte, Alain April, and Alain Renault 4 8 13...Group determined that a three-year validity peri- od, similar to that established for ISO 9000:2000, would be the most reasonable length of time. (We

Present day engines pollutant emissions: proposed model for refinery bases impact; Emissions de polluants des moteurs actuels: modelisation de l'impact des bases de raffinage

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hochart, N.; Jeuland, N.; Montagne, X. [Institut Francais du Petrole (IFP), Div. Techniques d' Applications Energetiques, 92 - Rueil-Malmaison (France); Raux, S. [Institut Francais du Petrole (IFP), Div. Techniques d' Applications Energetiques, Centre d' Etudes et de Developpement Industriel, Rene Navarre, 69 - Vernaison (France); Belot, G.; Cahill, B. [PSA-Peugiot-Citroen, 92 - La Garenne-Colombes (France); Faucon, R.; Petit, A. [Renault, 91 - Lardy (France); Michon, S. [Renault Trucks Powertrain, 69 - Saint Priest (France)

2003-07-01

Air quality improvement, especially in urban areas, is one of the major concerns for the coming years. For this reason, car manufacturers, equipment manufacturers and refiners have explored development issues to comply with increasingly severe anti-pollution requirements. In such a context, the identification of the most promising improvement options is essential. A research program, carried out by IFP (Institut francais du petrole), and supported by the French Ministry of Industry, PSA-Peugeot-Citroen, Renault and RVI (Renault Vehicules Industriels), has been built to study this point. It is based on a 4-year program with different steps focused on new engine technologies which will be available in the next 20 years in order to answer to more and more severe pollutant and CO{sub 2} emissions regulations. This program is divided into three main parts: the first one for Diesel car engines, the second for Diesel truck engines and the third for spark ignition engines. The aim of the work reported here is to characterize the effect of fuel formulation on pollutant emissions and engine tuning for different engine technologies. The originality of this study is to use refinery bases as parameters and not conventional physical or chemical parameters. The tested fuels have been chosen in order to represent the major refinery bases expected to be produced in the near future. These results, expressed with linear correlations between fuel composition and pollutant emissions, will help to give a new orientation to refinery tool. The engines presented in this publication are, for spark ignition engines, an EuroII lean-burn engine (Honda VTEC which equips the Honda Civic) and an EuroIII 1.8 l stoichiometric-running Renault engine which equips the Laguna vehicles, and, for diesel engines, an EuroII Renault Laguna 2.2 l indirect injection diesel engine and an EuroII RVI truck engine. For the fuel formulation, an original approach is proposed: while the classical studies are based

Fusion Culture : Fashion beyond Orientalism and Occidentalism

OpenAIRE

Lehnert, Gertrud; Mentges, Gabriele

2017-01-01

Tagungsbericht zu 'Fusion Culture: Fashion beyond Orientalism and Occidentalism', Universität Potsdam, 5. bis 7. November 2009 Die von Gabriele Mentges (Dortmund) und Gertrud Lehnert (Potsdam) veranstaltete und von der Volkswagen Stiftung geförderte Tagung befasste sich mit dem Thema 'Orientalismus und Mode' zum einen unter historischen Aspekten, zum anderen unter gegenwärtigen Bedingungen, in denen von 'Orientalismus' kaum noch die Rede sein kann. Denn längst haben wechselseitige Bezüge ...

Distance Estimation by Fusing Radar and Monocular Camera with Kalman Filter

OpenAIRE

Feng, Yuxiang; Pickering, Simon; Chappell, Edward; Iravani, Pejman; Brace, Christian

2017-01-01

The major contribution of this paper is to propose a low-cost accurate distance estimation approach. It can potentially be used in driver modelling, accident avoidance and autonomous driving. Based on MATLAB and Python, sensory data from a Continental radar and a monocular dashcam were fused using a Kalman filter. Both sensors were mounted on a Volkswagen Sharan, performing repeated driving on a same route. The established system consists of three components, radar data processing, camera dat...

Využití sociální sítě Facebook po účely internetového marketingu

OpenAIRE

Vrbasová, Magdaléna

2009-01-01

The aim of this thesis is to create and effectively manage Facebook web pages for individual divisions of Import Volkswagen Group s.r.o. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part contains basic information about online and offline medias, trends in the area of Internet marketing and measuring of online advertising efficiency, which, unlike the efficiency of "offline" advertising, is easily measurable. In the past two years, social networks, especia...

Cytokinin-induced upregulation of cytokinin oxidase activity in tobacco includes changes in enzyme glycosylation and secretion

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Motyka, Václav; Vaňková, Radomíra; Čapková, Věra; Petrášek, Jan; Kamínek, Miroslav; Schmülling, T.

2003-01-01

Roč. 117, č. 1 (2003), s. 11-21 ISSN 0031-9317 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA522/00/1346; GA ČR GA206/02/0967; GA ČR GA522/99/1130; GA AV ČR IAA6038002 Grant - others:Volkswagen Stiftung(DE) I/72076 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z5038910 Keywords : cytokinin oxidase * Nicotiana tabacum * N6-benzylaminopurine Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology Impact factor: 1.767, year: 2003

After the Cold War: Living with Lower Defense Spending

Science.gov (United States)

1992-02-01

was 74 percent of Tennessee’s, Union County’s ( Honda ) was 71 percent of Ohio’s, and Scott County’s ( Toyota ) was 64 percent of Kentucky’s rate. I "’Ann H...Indiana 860 Volkswagen ............................... Pennsylvania 86P Nissan .................................... Tennessee 660 Honda ...size of the adjustment is modest, compared to defense build-downs of the past and to the present size of the U.S. economy. From 1991 to 2001, perhaps as

China in Mexico: More Opportunity than Risk

Science.gov (United States)

2011-10-17

factory.55 Mexico’s percent of Ford’s U.S. car production went from 11.8 in 2006 to 16 percent in 2008.56 Nissan , Mazda, Volkswagen, Audi, Toyota ... compared to the time lag (and increased cost) of over a week required to transport products from China to the United States. Even in the well...and Honda also produce cars in Mexico, all increasing investment and manufacturing facilities.57 China, in selecting Mexico as a major FDI

(Is?) Virtual Opponent of Tourism Sector: Augmented Reality

OpenAIRE

Özgüneş, Reşad Emre; Bozok, Düriye

2018-01-01

It is seen that brands arebuilding their marketing strategies on technological innovations with the aimof standing out, coming to the leading position in the sector, increase theirprofitability. One of these methods experienced in the virtual world and usedby major brands such as Marshall, L'Oreal Paris, Ray-Ban, Adidas, BMW, Ford,Volkswagen, IKEA as a marketing instrument by being followed closely is AR(Augmented Reality) technology. In essence, it is anticipated that AR will beused ext...

Keskklassi meistrivõistlused / Wolfgang König, Dirk Branke

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

König, Wolfgang

2012-01-01

Suur test. Mõõtu võtavad 15 pereautot: Audi A4 2.0 TDI, BMW 318d, Mercedes-Benz C 200 CDI, Škoda Superb 2.0 TDI, VW Passat 2.0 TDI, Citroën C5 HDi 140, Hyundai i40 1.7 CRDi, Ford Mondeo 2.0 TDCi, Kia Optima 1.7 CRDi, Mazda 6 2.2 MZR-CD, Opel Insignia 2.0 CDTI, Renault Laguna dCi 150, Peugeot 508 HDi 140, Volvo S60 D3, Seat Exeo 2.0 TDI

Application of optical scanning for measurements of castings and cores

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Wieczorowski

2010-01-01

Full Text Available In the paper application of non destructive method for dimensional control of elements in initial phase of car manufacturing, at Volks-wagen Poznań foundry was presented. VW foundry in Poznań is responsible of series production of chill and dies castings made of light alloys using contemporary technologies. Castings have a complex shape: they are die castings of housings for steering columns and gravity chill castings of cylinder heads, for which cores are manufactured using both hot box and cold box method. Manufacturing capabilities of VW foundry in Poznań reach 26.000 tons of aluminum castings per year. Optical system ATOS at Volkswagen Poznań foundry is used to digitize object and determination of all dimensions and shapes of inspected object. This technology is applied in car industry, reverse engineering, quality analysis and control and to solve many similar tasks. System is based on triangulation: sensor head projects different fringes patterns onto a measured object while scanner observes their trajectories using two cameras. Basing on optical transform equations a processing unit automatically and with a great accuracy calculates 3D coordinates for every pixel of camera. Depending on camera reso-lution as an effect of such a scan we obtain a cloud of up to 4 million points for every single measurement. In the paper examples of di-mensional analysis regarding castings and cores were presented.

Sensor fusion: lane marking detection and autonomous intelligent cruise control system

Science.gov (United States)

Baret, Marc; Baillarin, S.; Calesse, C.; Martin, Lionel

1995-12-01

In the past few years MATRA and RENAULT have developed an Autonomous Intelligent Cruise Control (AICC) system based on a LIDAR sensor. This sensor incorporating a charge coupled device was designed to acquire pulsed laser diode emission reflected by standard car reflectors. The absence of moving mechanical parts, the large field of view, the high measurement rate and the very good accuracy for distance range and angular position of targets make this sensor very interesting. It provides the equipped car with the distance and the relative speed of other vehicles enabling the safety distance to be controlled by acting on the throttle and the automatic gear box. Experiments in various real traffic situations have shown the limitations of this kind of system especially on bends. All AICC sensors are unable to distinguish between a bend and a change of lane. This is easily understood if we consider a road without lane markings. This fact has led MATRA to improve its AICC system by providing the lane marking information. Also in the scope of the EUREKA PROMETHEUS project, MATRA and RENAULT have developed a lane keeping system in order to warn of the drivers lack of vigilance. Thus, MATRA have spread this system to far field lane marking detection and have coupled it with the AICC system. Experiments will be carried out on roads to estimate the gain in performance and comfort due to this fusion.

Viability of fuel cells for car production

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Buchel, J.-P. [Renault, Trappes (France); Lisse, J.-P. [P.S.A., Trappes (France); Bernard, S. [Alten, Trappes (France)

2000-07-01

The two French car manufacturers PSA Peugeot Citroen and Renault both sell pure electric cars in an effort to reduce pollutants and carbon dioxide emissions. In addition, they have each studied fuel cell car prototypes in relation to the FEVER program for Renault and the HYDRO-GEN program for PSA. In 1999, the two manufacturers joined forces in a common program to evaluate the technical, economical and environmental viability of the fuel cell vehicle potential. The joint program has active contributions by Air Liquid, the French Atomic Energy Agency, De Nora Fuel Cells, Elf-Antar-France, Totalfina and Valeo. This paper highlighted many of the components of this program and the suitability of this new technology for industrial production at a cost competitive price. Certain automotive constraints have to be considered to propose vehicles which could provide good performance in varying temperature and operating conditions. Safety is also an important concern given that the vehicles are powered by hydrogen and a high voltage power source. Another challenges is the choice of the fuel and the economic cost of a new refueling infrastructure. Recycling was suggested as a means to recover expensive fuel cell system components such as precious catalysts, bipolar plates, membranes and other main specific parts of the fuel cell vehicle. This paper also discussed issues regarding the thermal management of the fuel cell power plant and air conditioning of the vehicles. figs.

Nouns and verbs in Chintang: children's usage and surrounding adult speech

OpenAIRE

Stoll, Sabine; Bickel, Balthasar; Lieven, Elena; Banjade, Goma; Bhatta, Toya Nath; Gaenszle, Martin; Paudyal, Netra P; Pettigrew, Judith; Rai, Ichchha Purna; Rai, Manoj; Rai, Novel Kishore

2012-01-01

peer-reviewed Analyzing the development of the noun-to-verb ratio in a longitudinal corpus of four Chintang (Sino-Tibetan) children, we find that up to about age four, children have a significantly higher ratio than adults. Previous cross-linguistic research rules out an explanation of this in [*] This research was made by possible by Grant Nos. BI 799/1-2 and II/81 961 from the Volkswagen Foundation (DoBeS program). Author contributions: Stoll designed the study; Bickel ...

Three-dimensional structure of the large cytoplasmic H-4-H-5 loop of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase deduced by restraint-based comparative modeling shows only one ATP binding site

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Ettrich, Rüdiger; Melicherčík, M.; Teisinger, Jan; Ettrichová, Olga; Krumscheid, R.; Hofbauerová, Kateřina; Kvasnička, P.; Schoner, W.; Amler, Evžen

2001-01-01

Roč. 7, č. 6 (2001), s. 184-192 ISSN 0948-5023 R&D Projects: GA MŠk VS961410; GA ČR GA204/98/0468; GA AV ČR IAA7011801; GA ČR GA204/98/0416 Grant - others:IWTZ(DE) TSR-088-97; Volkswagen Foundation(DE) I/74679 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z5011922 Keywords : Sodium potassium adenosine triphosphate * tertiary structure * adenosine triphosphate binding site Subject RIV: BO - Biophysics Impact factor: 1.011, year: 2001

Why do European companies have Innovation Hubs in Silicon Valley

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Berger, Andreas; Brem, Alexander

2017-01-01

Innovation hubs are gaining high attention in recent years, especially from European companies. Silicon Valley has been deemed as one of the most attractive and successful environments for establishing innovation hubs. This article highlights examples of companies from Europe that made the step...... to California—namely, Volkswagen, Swisscom, BMW, Axel Springer, Munich Re, and Innogy SE (RWE Group). Based on these companies’ experiences, recommendations are given on how companies might approach a setup in Silicon Valley for long-term success....

Towards Clean Diesel Engines. Second Symposium. Book of Abstracts.

Science.gov (United States)

1998-04-06

E-Mail: choelle@bmw.co.at Rudolf HOLTBECKER R&D KoSt 7055 Wärtsilä NSD Switzerland Ltd. Postfach 414 CH-8401 Winterthur Switzerland Tel.: +41...49-5362 267 E-Mail: tim.strauss@volkswagen.de C. M. I. SPAANJAARS Dept. of Molecular + Laser Physics Rudolf STRUIS University of Nijmegen Paul...365 3017 Fax: +41-56-310 2199 Fax: +31-24-365 3311 E-Mail: struis@psi.ch E-Mail: charless@sci.kun.nl Gerrit SUCK Tobias STEINER Konzernforschung K

Külmavõitu vastane : [talveauto 2014

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2014-01-01

TM võrdleb: BMW 318d GT A, Citroën C4 Picasso e-HDi 115, Dacia Logan MCV TCe 90, Honda CR-V 1,6 i-DTEC, Kia Carens 1,6 GDI, Lexus IS 300h, Mazda3 Sedan 2,0 Skyactiv-G, Mercedes-Benz CLA 200 BE A, Nissan Note 1,5 dCi, Opel Adam 1,4, Peugeot 308 1,6 THP, Renault Captur TCe 120 EDC, Suzuki SX4 S-Cross 1,6, VVT CVT, Škoda Octavia 1,4 TSI, Toyota Corolla 1,6 Valvematic

Session 8: biofuels; Session 8: Les biocarburants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Botte, J.M.

2006-01-15

Here are given the summaries of the speeches of Mr Daniel Le Breton (Total): the transports of the future: the role of biofuels; of Mr Pierre Rouveirolles (Renault): the future expectations and needs; of Mr Frederic Monot (IFP): the developments of new generations of biofuels from biomass; of Mr Willem Jan Laan (Unilever): the use of bio resources for food and fuel: a fair competition? All these speeches have been presented at the AFTP yearly days (12-13 october 2005) on the session 8 concerning the biofuels. (O.M.)

Circle Maps and C*-algebras

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schmidt, Thomas Lundsgaard; Thomsen, Klaus

2015-01-01

We consider a construction of $C^*$-algebras from continuous piecewise monotone maps on the circle which generalizes the crossed product construction for homeomorphisms and more generally the construction of Renault, Deaconu and Anantharaman-Delaroche for local homeomorphisms. Assuming that the map...... is surjective and not locally injective we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the simplicity of the $C^*$-algebra and show that it is then a Kirchberg algebra. We provide tools for the calculation of the K-theory groups and turn them into an algorithmic method for Markov maps....

A practitioner’s guide for facilitating people centred adaptation

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Oettle, N

2014-09-01

Full Text Available their knowledge and insights. This publication was made possible through a grant by the Volkswagen Foundation (Mechal Project under the Reference number I/83 735, co-ordinated by the University of Hamburg) with partners from South Africa (University of Cape Town... (i.e. storms and hurricanes) will become more intense and more frequent, the oceans will continue to warm and acidify, and sea-level will continue to rise (IPCC, 2014). For southern Africa, the broad prediction is that the western regions...

The new VW up.; Der neue VW up.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liebl, Johannes; Siebenpfeiffer, Wolfgang (eds.)

2011-09-15

The Volkswagen up. is produced in Bratislava, and its dimensions place it squarely in the urban vehicle segment. It has an overall length of 3450 millimetres. The long wheelbase provides space for passengers and luggage. Up. is equipped with a newly designed one-litre, thee-cylinder spark-ignition engine, which will later also be available as a natural gas version with a CO{sub 2} emission of just 79 grams per kilometre. This special issue presents all new features of VW up. in 12 contributions.

Študija primera: Volkswagnova afera Diesel-gate

OpenAIRE

Hočevar, Gregor

2016-01-01

Namen diplomskega dela je osredotočiti se na primer »Diesel-gate«, škandal z goljufanjem emisijskih testov, ki je izbruhnil lansko leto in v katerega je bil vpleten Volkswagen. Naš glavni cilj diplomskega dela je analizirati razloge za nastali škandal in preučiti posledice, ki jih Volkswagnovo ravnanje prinaša. Poleg same študije primera smo v diplomskem delu pozornost namenili tudi gospodarski kriminaliteti kot področju, kamor bi lahko uvrstili Volkswagnovo ravnanje, ter goljufijo oz. potroš...

Skandaalin vaikutus brändin imagoon - Case Audi

OpenAIRE

Puntalo, Ville-Veikko

2016-01-01

Opinnäytetyössä tutkittiin Volkswagenin päästöhuijausskandaalin vaikutusta Audi-brändin imagoon. Tutkimuksessa pyrittiin selvittämään onko ennakoitavissa mahdollisia myyntitulosten muutoksia ja johtuivatko ne kyseisestä skandaalista. Opinnäytetyön teoriaosuudessa perehdyttiin ostokäyttäytymisen prosessiin, brändin rakentumiseen, positiivisen maineen saavuttamiseen ja tunnettuihin yritysmaailman skandaaleihin. Lisäksi käytiin läpi Volkswagen päästöskandaalin taustaa sekä sen seurauksia. ...

Pozice značky Škoda ve světovém automobilovém průmyslu: případová studie " Škoda na švédském trhu"

OpenAIRE

Tomšová, Anna

2014-01-01

The topic of this thesis is to analyze the activities of ŠKODA AUTO on the Swedish market. Within each chapter it first analyzes the automotive industry in worldwide context, its development and current situation in individual regions. Then the history of ŠKODA AUTO is developed, mainly its progress from the merger with the German company Volkswagen Group. Another chapter is devoted to the company's entry into foreign markets and its sales worldwide. The core of the work is an analysis of the...

Building best practice automotive after sales network : The Volkswagen case

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mikolik, Gerlinde

2017-01-01

This thesis aims to analyze the service operations and networks in the automotive industry as research into the automotive After Sales service network lacks the necessary fine details and industrial feedback. Its purpose is to present the insights and lessons learned from studying the After Sales

NO-diagnostics in the combustion chamber of a gasoline direct-injection engine with spray-guided combustion process in a four-cylinder transparent engine; NO-Diagnostik im Brennraum eines direkteinspritzenden Ottomotors mit strahlgefuehrtem Brennverfahren an einem Vierzylinder-Transparentmotor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Suck, G.; Jakobs, J. [Volkswagen AG - Konzernforschung, Wolfsburg (Germany); Nicklitzsch, S. [IAV GmbH - Versuch Ottomotoren, Chemnitz (Germany); Bessler, W.G.; Hofmann, M.; Schulz, C. [PCI, Universitaet Heidelberg (Germany)

2004-07-01

For further reduction of fuel consumption in modern gasoline direct-injection engines, the Volkswagen Group Research is investigating the spray-guided combustion process. To benefit from fuel economy achieved by this combustion process in the sustained development of the Volkswagen FSI {sup registered} -technology, minimizing the engine-out NO{sub x}-emissions is necessary. In this proceeding, we report on the application of several measurement techniques, which include NO-LIF, in-cylinder gas sampling and fast CLD. The aim is the identification of major factors which effect NO-formation in a spray-guided combustion process. Double-injection during the compression stroke allows the generation of double-stratification of the air-fuel mixture cloud. A fuel-rich core with good ignition characteristics is surrounded by a fuel-lean gas mixture. These conditions show that NO-emissions can significantly be reduced while maintaining the good fuel economy. Spray-guided direct-injection allows the expansion of the operation-map area with stratified operation in comparison to recent serial production gasoline DI engines with wall-guided or air-guided combustion processes. It is, however, only possible to benefit from this advantage under realistic conditions of an operating automobile application when the engine-out NO{sub x}-flux is below a limit given by the storage capacity of the catalyst. NO{sub x} exhaust aftertreatment with storage catalysts requires regeneration cycles with fuel-air equivalent ratios {phi} > 1, which effectively increase fuel consumption. (orig.)

Partial networking. Deactivation of inactive ECUs; Teilnetzbetrieb. Abschaltung inaktiver Steuergeraete

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Esch, Stephan [Audi AG, Ingolstadt (Germany); Meyer, Juergen [Audi AG, Ingolstadt (Germany). Projekt Teilnetzbetrieb und WakeUp-Sleep-Konzepte; Linn, Guenter [Audi AG, Ingolstadt (Germany). Bereich Physical Layer Flexray und Hardware-Teilnetzbetrieb

2012-02-15

CAN partial networking technology makes it possible to reduce power consumption and ensures energy efficiency during both operating and idle time. Audi is developing and standardizing this technology in collaboration with other OEMs and semiconductor manufacturers. Partial networking technology will become an inherent item in the Volkswagen Group Networking Technology Kit, with series production planned to begin in 2014. The article deals with the development, application and verification of partial network technology at Audi. The standardization process within the OEM overarching bodies Switch, Autosar and ISO is also outlined. (orig.)

Adaptación de dos piezas distintas a una pieza bi-materia

OpenAIRE

Gómez Acevedo, Rocío

2014-01-01

El presente proyecto se ha realizado en la empresa Faurecia Automotive Exteriors [Anexo-A], para la pieza llamada Spoiler del proyecto parachoques delantero A05GPPOLO del grupo Volkswagen (VW). Dicho proyecto se enfoca en la adaptación de dos piezas compuestas por polímeros diferentes en una única pieza bi-materia, utilizando la técnica de inyección multi-componente. Se ha partido de un estudio teórico previo sobre la posible compatibilidad entre la unión rígido-suave de los mater...

Service Cart For Engines

Science.gov (United States)

Ng, Gim Shek

1995-01-01

Cart supports rear-mounted air-cooled engine from Volkswagen or Porsche automobile. One person removes, repairs, tests, and reinstalls engine of car, van, or home-built airplane. Consists of framework of wood, steel, and aluminum components supported by four wheels. Engine lifted from vehicle by hydraulic jack and gently lowered onto waiting cart. Jack removed from under engine. Rear of vehicle raised just enough that engine can be rolled out from under it. Cart easily supports 200-lb engine. Also used to hold transmission. With removable sheet-metal top, cart used as portable seat.

Selected Jazz Haiku

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

James A. Emanuel

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Jazz AirlinesJAZZ Airlines! Bestest,Firstest with Mostest. ALWAYSPrettiest-Hostessed.Brown BananaBrown banana, JAZZ,peels for touch. Come  close. Closer,till music’s too-oo much.JA-A-ZZ fruit, banana,browned to please, suntan music(goes naked with ease.Count BasieLast-chance dance! Her cheekwarms his chest. “One O’clock Jump”swings jitterbugs best.Lester YoungHowdja do it, “Prez”(stay nice, cool, when all that jazzchose another school?His Volkswagen jazz,classic, never rocked ’n’ rolled--ro...

Taliteede valitsejad / Tapio Koisaari

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koisaari, Tapio

2012-01-01

TM võrdleb: Audi A6 Avant 2,0 TDI Multitronic; BMW 116i, Chevrolet Aveo 1,2; Citroën C4 VTi 120; Ford Focus 1,6 EcoBoost 110 kW; Hyundai i40 Wagon 1,7 CRDi 85 kW; Kia Rio 1,4; Lexus CT 200h; Mazda5 1,6 TD; Mercedes-Benz B 180; Nissan Micra 1,2 DIG-S; Opel Zafira Tourer 1,4 Turbo; Peugeot 508 Sedan THP 156; Suzuki Swift 1,2 VVT; Toyota Yaris 1,33 Dual VVT-i; Volkswagen Beetle 1,2 TSI

Kiire lugu / Robert Koistinen ja Aimo Niemi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koistinen, Robert

2016-01-01

Sportautode võrdlus: Alfa Romeo Giulia Quadrifoglio, Audi R8 V10 Plus, BMW M2, Cadillac ATS-V Coupé, Ford Focus RS, Honda Civic Type R, Jaguar F-Type 3,0 V6 AWD Coupé, Lamborghini Huracan LP 580-2, Mazda MX-5 2,0 Sport, McLaren 570S, McLaren 675LT, Mercedes-AMG A 45, Mercedes-AMG C 63 S Coupé, Opel Corsa OPC, Peugeot 308 GTi, Polaris Slingshot SL, Porsche 718 Boxster S, Porsche 911 GT3 RS, Volkswagen Golf GTI Clubsport, Volvo S60 Polestar

Efficiency Test Method for Electric Vehicle Chargers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kieldsen, Andreas; Thingvad, Andreas; Martinenas, Sergejus

2016-01-01

This paper investigates different methods for measuring the charger efficiency of mass produced electric vehicles (EVs), in order to compare the different models. The consumers have low attention to the loss in the charger though the impact on the driving cost is high. It is not a high priority...... different vehicles. A unified method for testing the efficiency of the charger in EVs, without direct access to the component, is presented. The method is validated through extensive tests of the models Renault Zoe, Nissan LEAF and Peugeot iOn. The results show a loss between 15 % and 40 %, which is far...

Toxicity of power vehicles exhaust gases using bio fuels of different composition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kalnins, I.; Berjoza, D.

2003-01-01

The aim of the work is to state the influence of different bio fuels on the surrounding environment using them in diesel motors. The work summarises information on the composition of toxic components in vehicle exhaust gases, their influence on the surrounding environment. Characteristic features of different biofuels are summarised as well as their application possibilities in diesel motors. Measuring devices and measuring methods of toxic components of exhaust gases have been classified. Different measuring regimes of diesel motor exhaust gases have been described. Research in automobile Renault, equipped with diesel motor, exhaust gas smokiness using different biofuels has been carried out (author)

Os carros eléctricos vêm para ficar?

OpenAIRE

Garcia, Ricardo

2010-01-01

No último triénio, o grupo Renault-Nissan colocou quase sete milhões de automóveis novos por ano a circular pelas ruas e estradas de todo o mundo. Em 2010, porém, todas as atenções estarão concentradas sobre uma minúscula fatia de 50 mil carros, de um dos dois construtores. Serão as primeiras unidades de um modelo novo da Nissan, o Leaf, um carro silencioso e não poluente, que só precisa de uma fi cha de electricidade para se abastecer. Não é um mero protót...

Automobile development in the tension of the polarised range of products encompassing the small car and luxury vehicles; Automobilentwicklung im Spannungsfeld zwischen Klein- und Luxusfahrzeugen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kruschwitz, R. [Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg (Germany)

2000-07-01

Changes in society and the customer's wish for exclusiveness has resulted in a fragmentation of the market into more and more segments. In order to be able to fulfil each customer's individual product requirements, and thus strengthen brand loyalty and customer ties, car makers are becoming full-range suppliers. For this reason, VOLKSWAGEN has developed the multi-brand strategy and upwardly extended its product portfolio. This strategy is implemented on the basis of a worldwide module strategy with its roots in the platform strategy. This strategy allows for the exploitation of considerable economies of sale and synergies in the product development process. This strategy and the considerable range of products - from the smallest of cars to luxury vehicles - has generated tension which must be taken account of in the product development process. (orig.) [German] Durch den gesellschaftlichen Wandel und den individuellen Kundenwunsch sich vom Umfeld abzuheben, fragmentiert sich der Markt in immer mehr Segmente. Um jedem Kunden sein individuellen Produktwunsch zu erfuellen und damit die Markenloyalitaet und Kundenbindung zu verstaerken, entwickeln sich die Fahrzeughersteller zum Full-Range-Anbieter. VOLKSWAGEN hat deshalb die Mehrmarkenstrategie entwickelt und sein Produktportfolio nach oben erweitert. Umgesetzt wird diese Strategie auf Basis einer weltweit eingefuehrten Modulstrategie, die mit der Plattformstrategie ihren Anfang nahm. Mit dieser Strategie koennen ganz erhebliche Scale- und Synergie-Effekte im Produktentstehungsprozess erreicht werden. Diese Strategie und die erhebliche Produktspreizung vom Kleinst- bis zum Luxuswagen laesst ein Spannungsfeld im Produktentstehungsprozess entstehen, dem Rechnung getragen werden muss. (orig.)

Application of laser-optical diagnostics for the support of direct-injection gasoline combustion process development; Einsatz laseroptischer Messverfahren zur Unterstuetzung der Entwicklung von Brennverfahren mit Benzin-Direkteinspritzung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hentschel, W.; Meyer, H.; Stiebels, B. [Volkswagenwerk AG, Wolfsburg (Germany). Abt. Forschung und Entwicklung

2000-07-01

The development of direct-injection gasoline engines at Volkswagen was supported strictly from the beginning by the means of optical diagnostics and CFD-simulations. Basic phenomena, such as the formation of the in-cylinder flow field, the penetration of the spray formed by a hollow-cone swirl-type injector at high fuel pressure, the interaction of spray and flow and the formation of an ignitable mixture were analysed in details. The paper describes the laser-optical techniques-particle-image-velocimetry, laser-Doppler-anemometry, videostroboscopy, high-speed cinematography and laser-induced fluorescence - which were used during the development of the DI gasoline combustion process. Examples taken from engines with optical access to the combustion chamber demonstrate the capability of the techniques and pinpoint where the design of the combustion process benefits from experimental and simulation investigations. (orig.) [German] Die Entwicklung von Ottomotoren mit Benzin-Direkteinspritzung wurde bei Volkswagen von Beginn an konsequent durch den Einsatz optischer Messverfahren und CFD-Simulationen unterstuetzt. Damit konnten grundlegende Phaenomene, wie die Ausbildung des Stroemungsfeldes im Motorbrennraum, die Ausbreitung des durch einen Hohlkegel-Drallinjektor unter hohem Druck eingespritzten Kraftstoffs sowie die Wechselwirkung der Luftstroemung im Zylinder mit den Einspritzstrahlen und die Bildung einer zuendfaehigen Ladungswolke detailliert untersucht werden. Das Paper beschreibt die laseroptischen Messverfahren - Particle-Image-Velocimetry, Laser-Doppler-Anemometry, Video-Stroboskopie, Hochgeschwindikgkeits-Kinematographie und Laserinduzierte Fluoreszenz - die bei der Brennverfahrensentwicklung eingesetzt werden und zeigt anhand einer Reihe von konkreten Beispielen, wo Antworten auf Grundsatzfragen zur Auslegung des Brennverfahrens durch Messergebnisse an optisch zugaenglichen Motoren und durch CFD-Simulationen erarbeitet werden koennen. (orig.)

Sorting on the Used-Car Market After the Volkswagen Emission Scandal

OpenAIRE

Strittmatter, Anthony; Lechner, Michael

2017-01-01

The disclosure of the VW emission manipulation scandal caused a quasi-experimental market shock in the observable quality of VW diesel vehicles. We consider a classical model for adverse selection and sorting to derive an empirically testable hypothesis about the impact of observable quality on the supply of used cars. We test the hypothesis with data collected from an online car selling platform which reflects about 50% of the German used-car market. The empirical approach is based on a cond...

Corporate governance, innovation, and economic performance: A case study on Volkswagen

OpenAIRE

Jürgens, Ulrich

2002-01-01

"In the debate on globalisation of the financial markets and its effect on corporate governance it is often claimed that the pressure for higher rates of return exerted by institutional investors in the name of shareholder value, has led to a fundamental change of company policy among listed companies. Due to short-term profit orientation and increased dividend pay-outs to investors, the critiques argue, long-term development of the innovation potential of these companies will suffer, and thi...

Caracterización de polipropileno con fibra de vidrio y policarbonato/acrilonitrilo butadieno estireno microespumados mediante moldeo por inyección MuCell®

OpenAIRE

Rojas Jiménez, Ana

2016-01-01

El proyecto tiene como objetivo el análisis morfológico y de propiedades mecánicas de placas de polipropileno con fibra de vidrio (PP-GF30) y de policarbonato/acrilonitrilo butadieno estireno (PC/ABS), inyectadas mediante microespumación física (MuCell®). Este proyecto se enmarca dentro de un estudio más amplio que tiene como objetivo la comparación entre dos métodos de espumado físico mediante moldeo por inyección: el proceso MuCell® y un nuevo proceso del grupo Volkswagen...

VIBROACOUSTIC DIAGNOSING OF DISTURBANCES IN THE CAR IGNITION SYSTEM BY AMPLITUDE ESTIMATES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Piotr CZECH

2014-06-01

Full Text Available An important issue in vibroacoustic examination of engines is a correct interpretation of complex measured signals by applying property methods of their processing. The main tasks in diagnostics include: separation of a useful vibroacoustic signal and selection of characteristic, damage-sensitive features of the processed signal. The paper presents an attempt of detecting disturbances in the ignition system by measuring vibrations and noise. The object of the tests was a four-cylinder engine of a Volkswagen Polo car with swept capacity 1,0 dm3, adjusted to alternative power supply with the use of LPG gas fuel

Intelligent Acquisition System Used in Mechanical Laboratory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rob Raluca

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The main purpose of this paper consists in determining of the parameters which characterize the functioning of the Teves MK 60 as an ABS-ESP braking laboratory stand. This braking system model is used by the Volkswagen Golf and Bora the since 2002. The braking laboratory stand is able to simulate many operations which are able to give information concerning the ABS-ESP braking system comparing to the classical braking system. An application designed in LabVIEW comes to acquire and to process in real time the electrical signals generated by the Teves MK 60 laboratory stand.

Electric refuse collection vehicle with a range extender; Elektrisches Abfallsammelfahrzeug mit Range Extender

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fuchs, Andreas

2012-10-15

At the Frankfurt Motor Show IAA 2012, MAN will be presenting the Metropolis, a heavy-duty truck for use in urban areas that produces no emissions and is ultra-quiet. Using mains electricity generated from renewable sources, it can operate without producing any CO{sub 2}. The truck's modular lithium-ion battery is located under the ab. A quiet and efficient diesel engine from the Volkswagen Group generates power as needed and functions as a range extender for the truck. At the end of 2012, the MAN Metropolis will start a two-year field test as a refuse collection vehicle. (orig.)

VAS-diagnostiikkatestereiden käyttö ajoneuvojen huolto- ja korjaustöissä

OpenAIRE

Pilvi, Juha

2014-01-01

Tämän insinöörityön aiheena on Volkswagen-konsernissa käytössä olevat VAS- diagnostiikkatesterit. Työssä tarkastellaan VAS-diagnostiikkatestereiden käyttöä ajoneuvojen huolto- ja korjaustoiminnassa. Pääpaino tulee olemaan päivittäisen korjaamotyöskentelyn kannalta olennaisimmissa toiminnoissa ja ominaisuuksissa. Työssä perehdytään myös diagnostiikkatestereiden historiaan ja ohjelmistojen tulevaisuuden näkymiin. Loppuosassa kuvataan kaksi käytännön vianhakua käyttäen VAS5051B- diagnostiikk...

Tippude tipud / Robert Koistinen, Aimo Niemi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koistinen, Robert

2013-01-01

TM testib sportautosid: Aston Martin Vantage Special Edition, Audi RS4, Audi RS6, Audi R8 V10 FSI Plus, Bentley Continental GT V8, BMW M135i, BMW M6 Gran Coupé, Ford Fiesta ST, Ford Focus ST, Jaguar F-type V8, Kia ProCeed GT, Lamborghini Aventador, Lotus Exige S, Lotus Evora S, Mini JCW GP, Nissan Juke Nismo, Nissan GT-R 2013, Opel Astra OPC, Peugeot 208 GTI, Porsche Cayman S, Porsche 911, Carrera 4S, Volkswagen Golf GTI Performance, Volvo V40 T5, Volvo S60 T6 AWD

Laiad rehvid ja lõvihääl / Jussa Nieminen, Robert Koistinen, Aimo Niemi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Nieminen, Jussa

2011-01-01

TM võrdleb sportautosid: Alfa Romeo Giulietta Quadrifoglio Verde; Audi R8 GT Replica; Audi A1 1,4 TFSI; BMW 1. seeria M Coupé; Cadillac CTS-V Wagon; Chevrolet Camaro SS A; Citroën DS3 Racing; Ferrari 458 Italia; Hyundai Genesis Coupe; Mazda MX-5 Takara Edition; Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Edition; Mercedes-Benz CLS 63 AMG; Mini Cooper S Countryman All4; Porsche 911 Turbo S; Porsche Cayman R; Saab 9-5 2,8T Aero XWD; Škoda Fabia RS; Subaru STI Racing; Volkswagen Polo GTI; Volvo V60 T6 R-Design Polestar

BRANDING LABORAL UN FACTOR CONSIDERADO PARA LA ATRACCIÓN Y RETENCIÓN DE PERSONAL EN CELAYA GUANAJUATO

OpenAIRE

Dolores Guadalupe Álvarez Orozco; Felipe Ojeda Hidalgo

2017-01-01

Guanajuato a partir del 2013 sufre un cambio drástico con respecto a su mercado laboral, en menos de 4 años se han instalado en el estado las armadoras de automóviles: Honda se encuentra ubicada en la ciudad de Celaya, Mazda en Salamanca y en proceso de instalación la Toyota, además esta próxima la llegada de Ford, adicionalmente el estado ya contaba con General Moteros y Volkswagen, estas organizaciones se encuentran situadas muy cerca de la ciudad de Celaya, por lo cual las empresas proveed...

Gestão da informação em pequenas e médias empresas: o impacto das tecnologias de inforamção na Auto Comercial Diamantina S.A

OpenAIRE

Maria da Graca Eulalio de Souza Bertucci

2003-01-01

Esta pesquisa procurou descrever e analisar o impacto das tecnologias de informação e comunicação - TICs - na gestão de pequenas e médias empresas - PME - não metropolitanas. Para isto foi selecionada a Auto Comercial Diamantina S.A, em Diamantina, Minas Gerais, uma concessionária de veículos da rede Volkswagen. Como o estudo pretendeu analisar a relação das TICs na gestão da informação, considerando influências culturais da organização e as caracterírticas das PMEs, foram estabelecidas e est...

Differential Weighting in Multi-Attribute Utility Measurement: When it Should Not and When it does make a Difference

Science.gov (United States)

1976-08-01

of the motoring public. "The design should balance and optimize characteristics serving environmental, safety, and conservation goals " (McDonald...59 9,738 165 Datsun 610 58 4,766 82 Buick Century 55 5,558 101 Mazda RX4 54 5,207 96 Volkswagen Rabbit 54 4,353 81 AMC Matador 53 4,837 91 Toyota...53 Ford Maverick 8 92 4,229 46 ANMC Hornet 6 94 4,127 44 A’X Pacer 95 4,569 48 Audi Fox 96 5,678 59 Mazda RX4 96 5,207 54 Toyota Corona MIK II 98

Actors of the hydrogen sector in France; Les acteurs de l'hydrogene en France

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2010-07-01

This document proposes brief presentations (web site address, activities) of actors operating in the hydrogen sector in France. These actors are public actors who can be incentive or financing actors (ADEME, ANR) or research institutions (CNRS, CEA, university and engineering schools, IFP, INERIS, INRETS), private actors like industrial groups (Air Liquide, AREVA, GDF Suez, Total, PSA Peugeot Citroen, Renault, Saint-Gobain, SNECMA, ST Microelectronics, 3M, Veolia Environnement) or small companies (Alca Torda Applications, Axane, CETH2, Helion, MaHytec, N-GHY, PaxiTech, Sertronic, ULLIT). It also presents the HyPAC platform created by the AFH2 and ADEME), the AFH2 (the French Association for Hydrogen), and regional initiatives

Diisel ON talveauto!

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

TM võrdleb diiselmootoriga pereautosid: Audi A4 2,0 TDI, BMW 123d Coupé, Chrysler Sebring 2,0 CRD Touring, Fiat Bravo 1,9 JTD Dynamic, Ford Mondeo 1,8 TDCi Trend, Hyundai i30 1,6 CRDi Comfort, Kia Cee’d 1,6 CRDi EX, Mercedes-Benz C 200 CDI, Mitsubishi Lancer 2,0 DID Intense, Nissan Qashqai 4x2 1,5 dCi Acenta, Peugeot 308 Premium HDI 110 FAP, Renault Laguna Expression 1,5 dCi Eco2, Škoda Fabia 1,9 TDI Sport, Toyota Auris 1,4 D-4D Linea Sol, Volvo V70 2,0D Momentum

Actors of the hydrogen sector in France

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2010-01-01

This document proposes brief presentations (web site address, activities) of actors operating in the hydrogen sector in France. These actors are public actors who can be incentive or financing actors (ADEME, ANR) or research institutions (CNRS, CEA, university and engineering schools, IFP, INERIS, INRETS), private actors like industrial groups (Air Liquide, AREVA, GDF Suez, Total, PSA Peugeot Citroen, Renault, Saint-Gobain, SNECMA, ST Microelectronics, 3M, Veolia Environnement) or small companies (Alca Torda Applications, Axane, CETH2, Helion, MaHytec, N-GHY, PaxiTech, Sertronic, ULLIT). It also presents the HyPAC platform created by the AFH2 and ADEME), the AFH2 (the French Association for Hydrogen), and regional initiatives

Läheb võistluseks / Aimo Niemi, Jyri Ajomaa, Velimatti Honkanen

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Niemi, Aimo

2012-01-01

Suur sportautode võrdlustest: Audi TT RS+ S tronic; Audi RS5 Coupé 4,2 FSI Quattro S tronic; Audi R8 GT Spyder 5,2 V10 FSI Quattro R tronic; BMW M5; BMW M6 Cabrio; Hyundai Genesis 3,8 V6 MPi; Jaguar XKR-S Coupé; McLaren MP4-12C; Mercedes-Benz SLK AMG; Mercedes-Benz SL 500; Mercedes-Benz SLS Roadster; Mini John Cooper Works Coupé; Opel Corsa OPC Nürburgring EDT; Porsche Boxster S PDK; Porsche 911 Carrera S; Porsche Panamera GTS; Renault Megane RS Trophy; Subaru BRZ; Suzuki Swift Sport; Toyota GT 86

Radiography of large-volume thick-walled structures using transportable high-energy sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vanek, J.; Gross, E.

1994-01-01

Carried by a Renault Saviem truck, the ORION 4 MeV linear accelerator manufactured by the French company CGR MeV proved to be well suited for quality control of welded joints of heavy thick-walled facilities performed directly in the manufacturing plant halls or at the construction sites, as well as for radiographic testing of steel and concrete structures. The operating principles and parameters of the accelerator are given. Steel up to 200 mm thick and concrete up to 550 mm thick can be inspected. Dosimetric data show that the use of the accelerator is radiologically safe. (Z.S.). 2 figs., 5 refs

USING THE SWOT MODEL IN ESTABLISHING THE STRATEGY AT AUTOMOBILE DACIA GROUPE RENAULT COMPANY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Doruleţ GRĂDINARU

2012-12-01

Full Text Available SWOT analysis is a tool of the strategic management and it is used by the companies in the following situations: when they want to make ultimate decisions based on a complete analysis, in the strategic forecasting on three – five years, in the annual planning, when the company want a renewal or a radical change in its activity, or, each time when the company faces major difficulties which has to be solved as fast as possible. The SWOT model is also known as the Great strategy or the main strategy, being a part of the corporative strategies.

Globalization: How strategic alliances bring production and market advantages. The case of Renault/Nissan

OpenAIRE

Chanaron , Jean-Jacques

2006-01-01

This contribution is based on a previous review (Chanaron, 1999) and a critical analysis of various literature: academic articles and books, corporate documents, consultancy reports and interviews of key industry representatives.

Performance of an all-electric vehicle under UN ECE R101 test conditions: A feasibility study for the city of Kaunas, Lithuania

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Raslavičius, Laurencas; Starevičius, Martynas; Keršys, Artūras; Pilkauskas, Kęstutis; Vilkauskas, Andrius

2013-01-01

Transport activity has been a key facilitator and driver of economic prosperity in Lithuanian (hereinafter LIT) and it is likely to continue to grow. It can produce both positive and negative effects on the quality of life and the environment depending on country-specific circumstances. This research paper sets the stage for a look at the LIT passenger vehicle fleet and its transition towards sustainable mobility through the use of all-electric vehicles. The large multi purpose vehicle from French car-maker Renault, model Renault Espace, was used for test drives, according ECE R101 (urban cycle) requirements. The conventional spark ignited internal combustion engine of the vehicle was replaced by the electric one and equipped with the new generation LiFePO 4 Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. Three streets of Kaunas city (LIT) with different categories B1, B2 and C2 were selected for the test procedure. Estimation of the power demand (depending on displacement and daytime) and evaluation of battery performance characteristics were discussed in detail. Calculation of the driving distance of the one charge of the traction battery estimates several driving conditions and variation of the mass of the investigated vehicle. Comparison of consumption of different fuel grades for 1 km showed that costs of electric power driven vehicle is 4 times as low as with A95 grade petrol and 2.4 times as low as with diesel fuel. - Highlights: • This paper examines the perspectives for electric vehicles use in Lithuania. • We used standardized test procedure UN ECE R101 (urban cycle). • The study found that the BEVs (battery-only electric vehicles) can cover approximately 75% of all daily driving. • Inspection of the results highlights the importance of BEVs introduction. • We have shown that battery-only electric vehicles are economically rational

THE EVOLUTION OF THE WORLD’S LARGEST AUTOMAKERS IN THE PERIOD 2013-2014

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sorin-George TOMA

2015-04-01

Full Text Available The automotive industry has always represented an economic engine for many countries. It is dealing with the design, development, manufacture, marketing, and sale of the motor vehicles. Nowadays, this industry is full of intense competition between big auto groups fighting for higher profits and larger market shares. The key players in the automotive market are operating at a global scale in a highly competitive environment. In the last years, Toyota Motor and Volkswagen Group have proved to be the main competitors. The aim of our paper is to analyze the evolution of the world’s largest automakers in the period 2013-2014. The research type is literature review.

Many-body dynamics of driven-dissipative Rydberg cavity polaritons

Science.gov (United States)

Pistorius, Tim; Fan, Jingtao; Weimer, Hendrik

2017-04-01

The usage of photons as long-range information carriers has greatly increased the interest in systems with nonlinear optical properties in recent years. The nonlinearity is easily achievable in Rydberg mediums through the strong van der Waals interaction which makes them one of the best candidates for such a system. Here, we propose a way to analyze the steady state solutions of a Rydberg medium in a cavity through the combination of the variational principle for open quantum systems and the P-distribution of the density matrix. To get a better understanding of the many-body-dynamics a transformation into the polariton picture is performed and investigated. Volkswagen Foundation, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.

18 autoga jääl & lumes / Tapio Koisaari

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koisaari, Tapio

2010-01-01

Suur talveautode võrdlus: Alfa Romeo Mito 1,4 MultiAir; BMW 535i Gran Turismo; Citroën C3 Picasso VTi 120; Dacia Logan MCV 1,6 16V; Ford Ka 1,2 Titanium; Honda Insight 1,3 Elegance; Hyundai i20 1,4 Comfort; Kia Soul 1,6 EX; Mazda3 1,6; Mercedes-Benz E 200 CGI; Opel Astra Sport 1,4 Turbo; Peugeot 3008 Premium 1,6 THP; Seat Exeo 2,0 TSI Style; Škoda Yeti 1,2 TSI Experience; Subaru Legacy 2,0 R; Suzuki Alto 1,0 GL; Toyota Prius 1,8 HSD Premium; Volkswagen Polo 1,2 TSI

Interfon

CERN Multimedia

Interfon

2012-01-01

  Interfon & Renault Automobiles poursuivent leur offre 16  à  25 % de remise sur l’achat d’un véhicule neuf à tout fonctionnaire international (actif ou retraité) membre d’Interfon Renseignements au secrétariat Bâtiment 504 Tél. : 73339 – e-mail : interfon@cern.ch    * * * * * * * Nouveautés 2012 Saunas, Hammam, Spa, Fitness (74100 Ville-La-Grand)   Lapeyre & Ozer Maçonnerie, zinguerie, charpente, menuiseries extérieures.   Fenêtres, portes-fenêtres, portes d'entrée, volets roulants, volets battants, portails, portes de garage, dressing.   Vepalec Electricité générale Etude personnalisée, conseil, devis gratuit. * * * * * * * Prochaine journ&am...

Sorti d’usine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Robert Kosmann

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Le texte  qui suit date maintenant de  1992. Après avoir travaillé durant 18 ans à la Régie Renault, l’usine d’outillage de St Ouen (93 de ce  constructeur automobile a fermé.  J’ai alors cherché du travail, sans résultat, ne disposant à l’époque que d’un CAP de fraisage et d’un diplôme peu qualifiant de fin de collège (BEPC. Militant syndical, j’avais de plus un dossier qui ne me permettait pas d’embauche pour quelque poste que ce soit dans l’industrie si les services de ressources humain...

Monoclinic MB phase and phase instability in [110] field cooled Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-4.5%PbTiO3 single crystals

Science.gov (United States)

Yao, Jianjun; Cao, Hu; Ge, Wenwei; Li, Jiefang; Viehland, D.

2009-08-01

We report the finding of a monoclinic MB phase in Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-4.5%PbTiO3 single crystals. High precision x-ray diffraction investigations of [110] field cooled crystals have shown a transformation sequence of cubic(C)→tetragonal(T)→orthorhombic(O)→monoclinic(MB), which is different from that previously reported [A.-E. Renault et al., J. Appl. Phys. 97, 044105 (2005)]. Beginning in the zero-field-cooled condition at 383 K, a rhombohedral (R)→MB→O sequence was observed with increasing field. Coexisting MB and O phases were then found upon removal of field, which fully transformed to MB on cooling to room temperature.

NGV: an obstacle course

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1996-01-01

A colloquium was organized in Paris in 1994 for the promotion of NGV (natural gas for vehicles) and its use in advanced propulsion systems. The French Association of Natural Gas for Vehicles (AFGNV) was created simultaneously and joined together Gaz de France, the car manufacturers (PSA, Peugeot Citroen, Renault, RVI), the IFP (French Petroleum Institute), the French Ministry of Industry and other industrialists and local organizations (public transportation companies). The initial economic objectives were considerably reduced due to the lack of NGV stations and to some technical problems encountered with the design and the adaptation of gas tanks. Also the norms and regulations concerning the NGV pollutants emission are still missing. (J.S.)

The new TSI {sup registered}; Der neue TSI {sup registered}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hadler, J.; Neusser, H.J.; Szengel, R.; Middendorf, H.; Theobald, J.; Moeller, N. [Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg (Germany)

2012-11-01

With the introduction of the new modular transverse platform, Volkswagen also undertook a fundamental rework of its engine platforms. As part of that process, the highly successful EA111 series of small four-cylinder TSI engines has been completely renewed in order to achieve the optimum basis from which to meet future demands in vehicle packaging, emissions and CO{sub 2} pollution, as well as modularity. Systematic aluminium lightweight construction with four-valve technology and an exhaust manifold integrated into the cylinder head form the technical heart of the new EA211 engine generation. For ongoing optimization of friction characteristics, the new TSI engines feature a toothed belt drive and a monolithic valve train module with roller bearings. The engines are based on a carefully tiered, tribologically optimized system platform. The next few years will see the new TSI engines with 1.2 and 1.4 l displacement enter service worldwide. Their compact and modular construction means that they can be adapted flexibly to accommodate further engine measures and variations, as well as an array of electrification and hybrid concepts for further reduction in fuel consumption. The new 1.4 l TSI engine with 103 kW and cylinder deactivation represents the most advanced TSI to date for minimization of fuel consumption. The further developed AVS system enables the valve set for two of the cylinders to be deactivated, thus disabling the cylinders in accordance with demand. Its first application is planned for the Polo platform. The new range encompasses a displacement spectrum from 1.0 to 1.6 l with three and four-cylinder engines. It incorporates not only the further developed and highly successful Volkswagen TSI technology, but also takes into consideration MPI applications for growth markets and entry models. (orig.)

Knowledge management and leadership: the carbon emissions scandal in the automobile industry

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Tomé

2017-02-01

Full Text Available This paper analyses the Volkswagen scandal from a KM point of view. We use a KM framework of analysis basing ourselves in the concept of Knowledge failures. We describe the VW case of management and then analyse it from the point of view of KM. We conclude that in the VW case on carbon emissions a massive operation of KM existed, that some consider to be a success, despite the consequences, and others see as a failure. We discuss the conditions that allowed it to happen and how to prevent it in the future. We also discuss the implications of the scandal to the societies it involves and in particularly to the Economies of Central Europe.

The Problems of Planning a Timetable for Transport by Road in Terms of Theft Protection

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gnap Jozef

2017-05-01

Full Text Available In each transport, it is necessary to take into account the risks that may occur during transport. Most of these risks are associated with criminal activity, whether on a shipment, the driver himself or the vehicles used in potentially hazardous segments. The aim is to design a planning and verification process on a selected route or routes within Europe. The proposed transport route starts with load in the Kechnec Industrial Park and continues with two unloadings in Teplička nad Váhom in the Kia Motors Slovakia and in the town of Wolfsburg in the Volkswagen The transport route was designed in three alternatives by internet application Map&Guide.

The VW Tuareg; Der VW Touareg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Basshuysen, Richard van; Siebenpfeiffer, Wolfgang (eds.)

2010-03-15

The brochure under consideration reports on the new VW Tuareg constructed by Volkswagen AG (Wolfsburg, Federal Republic of Germany) and consists of the following contributions: (a) The new Touareg (Jochen Boehle); (b) Package and ergonomics (Martin Wiel); (c) 'La Semplicitr' - The design of the new Touareg (Klaus Bischoff); (d) The new Touareg - A SUV of the modern times (Ralph Nieraese, Volker Rathje); (e) The drive (Henning Nissel); (f) The new Tuareg hybrid (Jochen Boehle, Bernd Stiebels); (g) The chassis (Sven Albrecht); (h) Car body electronics and infotainment (Thomas Kiesewetter); (i) Driver assistance systems (Reiner Katzwinkel, Stephan Kopischke); (j) Safety of the car - Integral safety (Peter Hennig); (k) The car body (Susann Mussehl); (l) the interieur (Babette Stange).

Combustion control for diesel engines with direct injection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jeschke, J.; Henn, M.; Lang, T.; Wendt, J.; Nitzke, H.G.; Mannigel, D. [Volkswagen AG (Germany)

2007-07-01

This article looks at a new cylinder pressure-based combustion control for DI diesel engines that has been developed by Volkswagen. This cylinder pressure-based control uses cylinder pressure sensors that are integrated in the glow plugs. The description and the evaluation of these sensors form a main part of this article as they are a central element in the new diesel management system. The test and development phase in connection with a rapid prototyping system and the realisation of the combustion control algorithms in a diesel control unit are also described. Finally, results from use of the closed-loop combustion control with different applications on a diesel engine are presented. (orig.)

Electric Car Special

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zoethout, T.; Belin, H.; Verwijs, H.; Nicola, S.; De Saint Jacob, Y.; Gatermann, R.

2009-09-15

In six articles, two columns and two interviews a part of this issue is dedicated to electric car developments: about winners and losers in the electric car race; a unique business model to rolling out the electric car by the electric battery company Better Place and the automobile industry Renault Nissan; interview with entrepreneur Shai Agassi of the Indian company Better Place; the development of electric cars in Germany; interview with Jean-Jacques Chanaron, an economist specialising in innovation management and a firm believer in electric cars; start of mass production of electric vehicles at the Japanese Nissan automobile industry; the constraints in Sweden in developing fuel-efficient automobiles; plans for 1 million electric or hybrid cars by 2025 in the Netherlands.

Kiired ja ilusad / Robert Koistinen ja Aimo Niemi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koistinen, Robert

2015-01-01

Sportautode võrdlus: Abarth 695 Biposto, Alfa Romeo 4C Spider, Audi RS 3 Sportback, Audi TTS Coupé S tronic, Bentley Continental GT Speed, BMW M235i xDrive, BMW X6 M, BMW i8, Cadillac ATS Coupé 2,0T, Chevrolet Corvette Coupé Z06, Ford Focus ST 2,0 Ecoboost, Ford Mustang 5,0 V8 GT Fastback, Mercedes-AMG C 63 S, Mercedes-AMG GT S, Mini Hatchback JCW A, Nissan 370Z Nismo, Nissan GT-R, Opel Adam S, Porsche Cayman GT4, Porsche 911 Carrera 4 GTS, Porsche 911 GT3 RS, Range Rover Sport 5,0 V8 S/C SVR, Renault Megane R.S. 275 Trophy-R, Seat Leon ST Cupra 280 DSG

Behaviour and fatigue damage study of cast aluminium alloys; Etude du comportement et de l'endommagement en fatigue d'alliages d'aluminium de fonderie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barlas, B.

2004-02-15

This study is aimed at determining the influence of chemical composition and heat treatment of cast aluminium alloys Al-Si-Cu-Mg on mechanical behaviour and fatigue life of structures. The industrial frame of this study concerns cylinder-heads of high efficiency diesel engines, for Renault and Montupet companies. The experimental means involved in this work are as well microscopic (TEM, microhardness, image analysis), mechanical (LCF and aniso-thermal tests, macro-hardness) and numerical (simulation of the stability of the hardening phases, behaviour and damage model identification, cylinder-head life time calculation). The link between micro and macro approaches is provided by the means of an internal microscopic variable representing thermal aging through coarsening of the precipitates and implemented into the macroscopic model. (author)

Modeling and Simulations on the Intramural Thermoelectric Generator of Lower-Re-fluid

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Zheng; Zheng, Ding; Chen, Yushan

The thermoelectric conversion with lower Renault number (Re) fluid, such as waste heat from industry boiler, and engine's circled cooling water, which can be designed as intramural generator structure. In this research, a thermoelectric project analysis model and the description of an intensified system are presented, its generator with the aligned or staggered platoon structure has strengthened heat-transfer property, and the heat convection coefficient ratio has increased times than plain tube; For the fluid kinetic energy's loss is influenced by the whirlpool, the pressure difference is several hundred Pa level which changes along with geometric parameters of transform components; what's more, heat transfer area increase distinctly under the same generator volume, which has built the foundation for the enhancement output electric power.

The first car fuel of the post-petroleum era

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Willot, D.

2006-01-01

French authorities have decided to back the development and the use of ethanol. A program called Flex-fuel-2010 favours the production and a wide use of the E85 fuel for transport in France. It appears that the volume of France's exports in cereals and beet sugar represent, in ethanol equivalent, 70% of our needs in car fuel for private transport. Oil companies and supermarket chains compel themselves to open more than 500 selling spots of E85 fuel throughout France in 2007. In 2007, car manufacturers like Renault and PSA will begin to sell cars running on E85 at a price equivalent to that of current cars. Fiscal incentives are also expected to favour the use of E85. (A.C.)

Catalysts Efficiency Evaluation by using CC Analysis Test

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arina Negoitescu

2011-10-01

Full Text Available The study emphasizes the necessity of the catalysts efficiency testing. Diagnosis systems using lambda probes are based on the capacity of the catalyst oxygen storage. Comparing the lambda probe signals upstream and downstream of catalyst provides an indication on catalyst activity, although the correlation between oxygen storage capacity and catalyst efficiency is still difficult. Diagnosis for the 1.4 Renault Clio Symbol was accomplished in the Road Vehicles Lab at the Politehnica University of Timisoara using AVL Dicom 4000. The tests showed that the engine worked with lean mixture being necessary a fuel mixture correction calculated by the control unit ECU. A compensation of 0.14 % vol is required for the engine correct operation and emissions integration within permissible limits

Interfon

CERN Multimedia

Interfon

2011-01-01

Prochaine journée « Portes Ouvertes » mercredi 30 mars de 16 h 00 à 20 h 00 Salle Jean Monnet à St Genis Au cours de laquelle vous pourrez rencontrer nos partenaires devant un agréable buffet campagnard.   Vous pourrez rencontrer : Agora Couleurs de Tollens : peinture, décoration Automobiles : présentation Renault - Opel (remises spéciales sur l’achat d’un véhicule neuf Barrisol : plafonds tendus. B.E.F.C. : immobilier (maisons Symbio écologique) Boîte à Outils : autocollant -15% bricochèque Comptoirs des Fers : sanitaires, carrelage C.F.C.I. : Conseiller financier, placements, prêts Coste : entretien paysager, portails horizal Courbet : objets d’art métalliques ELM Pro-Pose : menuis...

Workers exposure to 0-300 GHz electromagnetic fields - The New European Directive 2013/35/UE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2013-01-01

and perspectives of the 2013/35/UE directive (Francois Deschamps (RTE)); Implementation of the 2013/35/UE directive at Renault aiming at protecting the workers against electromagnetic fields (Patrick Staebler (Renault)); Directive 2013/35/UE in NMR imaging (Jacques Felblinger (INSERM U947)); The labor physician viewpoint (Pascal Saint-Eve (EDF)); Conclusion (Peggy Mathieu (DGT))

Discussion on numerical simulation techniques for patterns of water vapor rise and droplet deposition at NPP cooling tower

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guo Dongpeng; Yao Rentai

2010-01-01

Based on the working principle of cooling tower, analysis and comparison are made of both advantages and disadvantages of the numerical simulation models, such as ORFAD, KUMULUS, ISCST:A, ANL/UI, CFD etc., which predict the rise and droplet deposition pattern of cooling tower water vapor. The results showed that, CFD model is currently a better model that is used of three-dimensional Renault fluid flow equations predicting the rise and droplet deposition pattern of cooling tower water vapor. The impact of the line trajectory deviation and the speed change inn plume rising is not considered in any other models, and they can not be used for prediction of particle rise and droplet deposition when a larger particle or large buildings in the direction of cooling tower. (authors)

Various notions of amenability for not necessarily locally compact groupoids

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mădălina Roxana Buneci

2014-08-01

Full Text Available We start with a groupoid G endowed with a family W of subsets mimicking the properties of a neighborhood basis of the unit space (of a topological groupoid with paracompact unit space. Using the family W we endow each G-space with a uniform structure. The uniformities of the G-spaces allow us to define various notions of amenability for the G-equivariant maps. As in [C. Anantharaman-Delaroche and J. Renault, Amenable Groupoids. Monographie de L'Enseignement Mathematique No 36, Geneve, 2000], the amenability of the groupoid G is defined as the amenability of its range map. If the groupoid G is a group, all notions of amenability that we introduce coincide with the classical notion of amenability for topological (not necessarily locally-compact groups.

Quantum independent increment processes

CERN Document Server

Franz, Uwe

2005-01-01

This volume is the first of two volumes containing the revised and completed notes lectures given at the school "Quantum Independent Increment Processes: Structure and Applications to Physics". This school was held at the Alfried-Krupp-Wissenschaftskolleg in Greifswald during the period March 9 – 22, 2003, and supported by the Volkswagen Foundation. The school gave an introduction to current research on quantum independent increment processes aimed at graduate students and non-specialists working in classical and quantum probability, operator algebras, and mathematical physics. The present first volume contains the following lectures: "Lévy Processes in Euclidean Spaces and Groups" by David Applebaum, "Locally Compact Quantum Groups" by Johan Kustermans, "Quantum Stochastic Analysis" by J. Martin Lindsay, and "Dilations, Cocycles and Product Systems" by B.V. Rajarama Bhat.

Autod jõuluöös / Tapio Koisaari

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koisaari, Tapio

2011-01-01

Talveauto 2011: Alfa Romeo Giulietta 2,0 JTD 140 ; Audi A1 1,6 TDI 77 kW ; BMW 520dA Touring ; Chevrolet Cruze 2,0 DLT+ ; Citroën C3 HDi 90 ; Dacia Duster 1,5 dCi 110 Laureate ; Ford C-Max 1,6L TDCi Titanium ; Honda CR-Z 1,5 GT ; Hyundai ix35 1,7 CRDi ISG Comfort ; Kia Venga 1,4 CRDi Ex ; Mini Cooper D Countryman ; Mitsubishi ASX 1,8 DID 2WD Invite ; Nissan Juke 1,5 dCi Acenta ; Opel Meriva 1,7D DTC Enjoy ; Peugeot RCZ Sport 2,0 HDi ; Saab 9-5 Vector 2,0 TTiD ; Toyota Auris 1,8 HSD Linea Sol Plus ; Volkswagen Sharan Comfortline 2,0 TDI DSG ; Volvo S60 D3 Momentum

Work and Recognition. Reviewing New Forms of Pathological Developments

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Petersen, Anders; Willig, Rasmus

2004-01-01

-Pierre Le Goff, Christophe Dejours and Emmanuel Renault. In spite of many differences, their work is united by a critical description of the logic of work and its consequences for individual individuation. These theorists agree that the growth of autonomy, flexibility and mobility has destabilised......The article deals with the relationship between work and recognition, taking Axel Honneth’s social-philosophical theory of the struggle for recognition as its point of departure. In order to give sociological substance to Honneth’s theory, we turn to three contemporary social theorists - Jean...... individual and collective identity formation and has led to an increase in social pathological illnesses such as stress and depression. By juxtaposing these analyses with Honneth’s theory on recognition, we conclude that the contemporary logic of work is unable to provide adequate forms of recognition...

Interfon

CERN Document Server

Interfon

2010-01-01

Prochaine journée « Portes Ouvertes » Mercredi 31 mars de 16 h 00 à 20 h 00 Salle Jean Monnet à St Genis Au cours de laquelle vous pourrez rencontrer nos partenaires devant un agréable buffet campagnard. Nos partenaires présents cette journée là : Renault automobiles prolongera son offre de reprise de votre ancien véhicule. Présentera ses modèles sur lesquels, sera consentie une remise exceptionnelle à tout fonctionnaire international actif ou retraité. L’Entreprise Page vous proposera ses services pour l’installation de chauffage (Fuel ou gaz), de sanitaires et autre plomberie. Energies nouvelles. La société Savoie cheminées, nouveau partenaire, fournisseur de cheminées et de poêles à bois, dépositaire des cheminées Brisach, vous pr&...

The numerous lessons to learn from the 2001 year

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

2002-01-01

This article summarizes the content of the talk given by J.F. Giannesini, adviser to the president of the French institute of petroleum (IFP), at the 'Panorama 2002' meeting held in Paris on February 2002 and organized by the IFP. In his talk, J.F. Giannesini has evoked the September 11 2001 US terror events but also, in a more sectorial domain, the US energy crisis and Enron's bankruptcy. The energy future has been evoked too with two main preoccupations: the future automotive fuels and the disaffection of young engineers and technicians to the petroleum industry. Two speakers, the president of Renault car making company and the president of the French agency of environment and energy mastery (Ademe) have confirmed the IFP's opinion according to which no miracle solution exist to the problem of CO 2 emissions from the automobile traffic. (J.S.)

Analysing surface runoff and erosion responses to different land uses from the NE of Iberian Peninsula through rainfall simulation

Science.gov (United States)

Regüés, David; Arnáez, José; Badía, David; Cerdà, Artemi; Echeverría, María Teresa; Gispert, María; Lana-Renault, Noemí; Lasanta, Teodoro; León, Javier; Nadal-Romero, Estela; Pardini, Giovanni

2014-05-01

the highest rainfall intensities were applied in the most natural areas with a dense vegetation cover, the most intense responses were produced in the most altered environments (badlands, born forest, vineyard, pasture and stony soils). These results agreed with the cause-effect relationships observed in some antecedent studies, which compare the hydrological and erosive response in different land uses (Badía et al., 2008; García-Ruíz et al., 2008; García-Ruíz and Lana-Renault, 2011). This has been mainly associated with variations of soil chemical, physical and hydrological properties (Pardini et al., 2004, Emran et al., 2012; Regüés et al., 2012). Likewise, this analysis has provided comparable information for various contrasted land uses, allowing estimate proportionality factors between them. This information favours the classification of certain environments according to its relative trends to surface runoff and erosion. References Badía, D.; Martí, C.; Aguirre, J., Echeverría, M.T., Ibarra, P. (2008). Erodibility and hydrology of arid burned soils: soil type and revegetation effects. Arid Land Research and Management, 22: 286-295. Cerdà, A. (1998). The influence of aspect and vegetation on seasonal changes in erosion under rainfall simulation on a clay soil in Spain. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 78, 321-330. Cerdà, A., Giménez-Morera, A. y Bodí, M.B. (2009). Soil and water losses from new citrus orchards growing on sloped soils in the western Mediterranean basin. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 34, 1822-1830. Doi: 10.1002/esp.1889. Emran, M., Gispert, M., Pardini, G. (2012). Comparing measurements method of carbon dioxide fluxes in a soil sequence under land cover change in North Eastern Spain. Geoderma 170, 176-185. Doi. 10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.11.013. García-Ruíz, J.M., Regüés, D., Alvera, B., Lana-Renault, N., Serrano-Muela, P., Nadal-Romero, E., Navas, A., Latron, J., Martí-Bono, C., Arnáez, J. (2008). Flood generation and

Brand Communities in the Axis of Socializing Customers: Sample of Volkswagen Beetle Owners, Turkey

OpenAIRE

Selda Basaran ALAGOZ; Nezahat EKICI; Mahmut Sami ISLEK

2011-01-01

Alongside traditional media in which brands communicate with their customers, the platforms which provide interaction between customers and the brand come into prominence. In these platforms, mutual interaction ismore considerable customers have chance to be closer to other customers by having conversation via these platforms. One of the most significant consequences of this case is brand communities. Brand communities are a kind of social group and these are the brand communication channels ...

Alimentation des moteurs en mélange homogène pauvre Feeding Homogeneous Lean Mixtures to Engines

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rayna B.

2006-11-01

Full Text Available Les études effectuées dans le cadre de plusieurs conventions de recherche entre l'Institut de Recherche des Transports (IRT et l'Institut Français du Pétrole (IFP associé à d'autres organismes industriels (Régie Nationale des Usines Renault (RNUR, Solex... ont permis a de caractériser l'influence de la préparation physique du mélange air-carburant sur le fonctionnement de moteurs monocylindre et multicylindre. L'effet sur le rendement d'inégalités de richesse entre les cylindres a été estimé à l'aide d'un modèle mathématique de simulation du moteur à allumage commandé ; b d'analyser les défauts inhérents à certains systèmes d'alimentation actuels et d'expérimenter des techniques différentes de formation du mélange carburé (car-burateur à dépression constante, pulvérisation pneumatique du carburant. Les résultats obtenus ont montré notamment que des améliorations ne peuvent résulter que d'un aménagement d'ensemble de tous les éléments du circuit d'admission Investigations carried out under thé terms of several research agreements involving Institut de Recherche des Transports (IRT and Institut Français du Pétrole (IFP associated with other industrial organizations (Régie Nationale des Usines Renault (RNUR, Solex served ta a Characterize thé influence of thé physical preparation of thé air/fuel mixture on thé operating of single-cylinder and multicylinder engines. The effect on thé efficiency of unequal air/fuel ratios among thé cylindres was evaluated by a mathematical model used ta simulate a spark-ignition engine. b Analyze thé inhérent defects of some fuel-supply systems now used and ta experiment with différent techniques of mixture preparation (constant depression car-burettor, pneumatic fuel spraying. The results obtained show, in particulor, that improvements con be produced only by redesigning all thé parts of thé fuel-supply circuit.

New energy technologies in Singapore; Les Nouvelles technologies de l'energie a Singapour

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2009-07-01

Singapore is considered as an interesting example: this country has become the third world oil refining centre and the first Asian oil trade place, but has also implemented a series of strategic measures to promote a sustainable development. The Singapore Green Plan was launched in 1992 and defines important objectives in terms of reduction of carbon emissions, of water consumption, of improvement of waste management services, and so on. This policy results in investments in experimental programs for the development of new energy technologies. This paper presents the public actors (institutions and public agencies) and their projects, the academic projects and programs, and the private sector projects. These programs and projects are concerning the search for clean energies, the development of the solar capacity, various renewable energies, or the automotive industry (projects conducted by Bosch, Renault and Nissan, Daimler, this last one on biofuels)

New energy technologies in Singapore

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2009-01-01

Singapore is considered as an interesting example: this country has become the third world oil refining centre and the first Asian oil trade place, but has also implemented a series of strategic measures to promote a sustainable development. The Singapore Green Plan was launched in 1992 and defines important objectives in terms of reduction of carbon emissions, of water consumption, of improvement of waste management services, and so on. This policy results in investments in experimental programs for the development of new energy technologies. This paper presents the public actors (institutions and public agencies) and their projects, the academic projects and programs, and the private sector projects. These programs and projects are concerning the search for clean energies, the development of the solar capacity, various renewable energies, or the automotive industry (projects conducted by Bosch, Renault and Nissan, Daimler, this last one on biofuels)

Automobile Industry Strategic Alliance Partner Selection: The Application of a Hybrid DEA and Grey Theory Model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chia-Nan Wang

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Finding the right strategic alliance partner is a critical success factor for many enterprises. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose an effective approach based on grey theory and data envelopment analysis (DEA for selecting better partners for alliance. This study used grey forecasting to predict future business performances and used DEA for the partner selection of alliances. This research was implemented with realistic public data in four consecutive financial years (2009–2012 of the world’s 20 biggest automobile enterprises. Nissan Motor Co., Ltd was set to be the target decision making unit (DMU. The empirical results showed that, among 19 candidate DMUs, Renault (DMU10 and Daimler (DMU11 were the two feasible beneficial alliance partners for Nissan. Although this research is specifically applied to the automobile industry, the proposed method could also be applied to other manufacturing industries.

O Caso Nissan: superação da antinomia liderança versus burocracia?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Lins

2008-03-01

Full Text Available This article presents the results of a study about the Nissan’s succession process, which happened after the transference of shareholding control from the Japanese company to the French Renault and that appointed Brazilian executive Carlos Ghosn as Nissan’s CEO. Having personal characteristics which distinguish him as a charismatic leader, the Brazilian executive had the challenger of rescuing Nissan from a nearly bankrupt. For characterization and analysis of the Brazilian executive and Nissan, it was applied the analytical model multidimensional-reflexivo of Alves (2003, which is founded on Max Weber’s typology ofsocial action and ideal types of domination. Comparing Carlos Ghosn´s management with his predecessor, the Japanese Y. Kume, it was possible to conclude, based on the analytical instrument used, that the antinomy between leadership and bureaucracy happens in ideal types theory, however, in practice, these two concepts can be visualized as non–opposed.

A hybrid genetic algorithm for ROADEF’05-like complex production problems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariano Frutos

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se presenta una técnica híbrida que combina un Algoritmo Genético con meta-heurísticas para la resolución de un problema en las plantas productivas de RENAULT Francia. El método comienza con una solución inicial por medio de GRASP (Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure, que es utilizada como entrada por un Algoritmo Genético complementado por un procedimiento de Simulated Annealing para mejorar las poblaciones. Se establece un punto de comparación entre las diferentes técnicas. El desempeño de las mismas es evaluado así como el de todo el método. La conclusión es que los métodos híbridos tienen claras ventajas para el tratamiento de problemas de planificación de la producción.

Estimation of road profile variability from measured vehicle responses

Science.gov (United States)

Fauriat, W.; Mattrand, C.; Gayton, N.; Beakou, A.; Cembrzynski, T.

2016-05-01

When assessing the statistical variability of fatigue loads acting throughout the life of a vehicle, the question of the variability of road roughness naturally arises, as both quantities are strongly related. For car manufacturers, gathering information on the environment in which vehicles evolve is a long and costly but necessary process to adapt their products to durability requirements. In the present paper, a data processing algorithm is proposed in order to estimate the road profiles covered by a given vehicle, from the dynamic responses measured on this vehicle. The algorithm based on Kalman filtering theory aims at solving a so-called inverse problem, in a stochastic framework. It is validated using experimental data obtained from simulations and real measurements. The proposed method is subsequently applied to extract valuable statistical information on road roughness from an existing load characterisation campaign carried out by Renault within one of its markets.

Circle Maps and C*-algebras

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schmidt, Thomas Lundsgaard

such a map, generalising the transformation groupoid of a local homeomorphism first introduced by Renault in \\cite{re}. We conduct a detailed study of the relationship between the dynamics of $\\phi$, the properties of these groupoids, the structure of their corresponding reduced groupoid $C^*$-algebras, and......, for certain classes of maps, the K-theory of these algebras. When the map $\\phi$ is transitive, we show that the algebras $C^*_r(\\Gamma_\\phi)$ and $C^*_r(\\Gamma_\\phi^+)$ are purely infinite and satisfy the Universal Coefficient Theorem. Furthermore, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for simplicity...... of these algebras in terms of dynamical properties of $\\phi$. We proceed to consider the situation when the algebras are non-simple, and describe the primitive ideal spectrum in this case. We prove that any irreducible representation factors through the $C^*$-algebra of the reduction of the groupoid to the orbit...

Research on external flow field of a car based on reverse engineering

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Shushan; Liu, Ronge

2018-05-01

In this paper, the point cloud data of FAW-VOLKSWAGEN car body shape is obtained by three coordinate measuring instrument and laser scanning method. The accurate three dimensional model of the car is obtained using CATIA software reverse modelling technology. The car body is gridded, the calculation field and boundary condition type of the car flow field are determined, and the numerical simulation is carried out in Hyper Mesh software. The pressure cloud diagram, velocity vector diagram, air resistance coefficient and lift coefficient of the car are obtained. The calculation results reflect the aerodynamic characteristics of the car's external flow field. The motion of the separation flow on the surface of the vehicle body is well simulated, and the area where the vortex motion is relatively intense has been determined. The results provide a theoretical basis for improving and optimizing the body shape.

Public Health Impact and Economic Costs of Volkswagen’s Lack of Compliance with the United States’ Emission Standards

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lifang Hou

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA recently issued a notice of violation against Volkswagen (VW for installing a defective device in certain models of diesel cars to circumvent emission tests for nitrogen oxides (NOx. We quantified the health and economic impacts of extra NOx emissions attributable to non-compliant vehicles in the U.S. using the EPA’s Co-Benefits Risk Assessment model. We estimated that the total extra NOx emitted over one year of operation would result in 5 to 50 premature deaths, 687 to 17,526 work days with restricted activity, and economic costs of $43,479,189 to $423,268,502, based on various assumptions regarding emission scenarios and risks. This study highlights the potential impacts of VW vehicles’ lack of compliance on the health and well-being of the U.S. population.

Quantum independent increment processes

CERN Document Server

Franz, Uwe

2006-01-01

This is the second of two volumes containing the revised and completed notes of lectures given at the school "Quantum Independent Increment Processes: Structure and Applications to Physics". This school was held at the Alfried-Krupp-Wissenschaftskolleg in Greifswald in March, 2003, and supported by the Volkswagen Foundation. The school gave an introduction to current research on quantum independent increment processes aimed at graduate students and non-specialists working in classical and quantum probability, operator algebras, and mathematical physics. The present second volume contains the following lectures: "Random Walks on Finite Quantum Groups" by Uwe Franz and Rolf Gohm, "Quantum Markov Processes and Applications in Physics" by Burkhard Kümmerer, Classical and Free Infinite Divisibility and Lévy Processes" by Ole E. Barndorff-Nielsen, Steen Thorbjornsen, and "Lévy Processes on Quantum Groups and Dual Groups" by Uwe Franz.

Assessment and Correlation of Customer and Rater Response to Cold-Start and Warmup Driveability

Science.gov (United States)

1993-08-01

8217 CAR3 VAN DODGE 85 9 A 5.2 CARB SUFýUR9AN CwEVRCL=ET 35 3 A 5.7 CA~a SU8ýURBAN CHEVROLET 35 iA 5.7 CARB VAN FORD 85 13 A 5.8 CAR3! RX7 MAZDA 95 0 m...4 A 2.6 CAk5 FESTIVA FORD 90 4 4 1.3 PrI P10TEGE MAZDA 90 4 M 1.8 PFI ECLIPSE MITSUBISHI 90 44 2.0 PFI ACCORD HONDA 90 4 A 2.2 PrI VCYAGER PLYMOUTH 90...A 5.7 CARý TRUCK DODGE 86 9 A 5.9 CAle 323 MAZDA 96 4 M 1.5 par JEFTTA VOLKSWAGEN S6 4 M le8 OFI 2 ’)11S x NISSAN 86 4 A 200C: F I CSLICA TOYOTA 86 4

Arquitectura industrial y reestructuración de la industria automotriz en el distrito federal (Ciudad de México 1993-2010

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Selva Leonor Daville Landero

2012-11-01

Full Text Available L’abandon unilatéral du système de protection tarifaire en 1986 et la signature, en 1992, de l’Accord de libre-échange nord-américain ont profondément marqué l’économie mexicaine. Orientée vers l’exportation, tournée vers les États-Unis et le marché nord-américain, celle-ci s’est modernisée, au prix toutefois d’importantes restructurations. Le cas du secteur automobile est à cet égard exemplaire. L’article qui suit analyse les transformations dans ce secteur dans le District fédéral. L’auteure utilise les données des recensements et s’appuie sur les résultats d’une enquête menée auprès des entreprises. Il en ressort que, malgré certaines difficultés, les grandes et moyennes entreprises sont en condition de fournir directement les usines de montage lorsqu’elles sont en mesure de s’adapter et répondre à leurs exigences. Le texte met en évidence le cas de la micro-entreprise TIER 1 qui travaille pour Volkswagen. Cette entreprise a démontré sa capacité d’apprentissage technologique sans avoir reçu l’appui de cette compagnie.Starting in 1986 with the unilateral withdrawal from the protective tariff system, and reinforced in 1994 when the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA came into force, the policy of reorienting the Mexican economy toward the outside world was accelerated, especially towards the US and North America. The automotive industry in particular has gone through significant transformations, both in terms of modernization and relocation. This paper discusses the changes that have been taking place in the automotive industry established in Mexico City based on existing statistic data from the Census and evidence collected from a survey of industry companies. This article makes the argument that in spite of many difficulties, not only large or medium-sized companies can be direct suppliers of automobile assembly plants, given that this is dependent upon the ability to respect

78 FR 28287 - Volkswagen Group of America, Incorporated, Grant of Petition for Decision of Inconsequential...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-05-14

... Standard (FMVSS) No. 110, Tire selection and rims and motor home/recreation vehicle trailer load carrying... Federal Docket Management System (FDMS) Web site at: http://www.regulations.gov/ . Then follow the online...

Estudo da competitividade dos principais autoveículos compactos brasileiros A study on the competitiveness of the most important compact automotive vehicles manufactured in Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Hidalgo Sanchez

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo relata a metodologia e os resultados da pesquisa empírica qualitativa realizada para identificar os fatores determinantes da competitividade dos principais autoveículos compactos brasileiros produzidos pela Fiat, Ford, General Motors e Volkswagen. Optou-se pela utilização da metodologia prescrita pelo modelo de campos e armas da competição, visto que é qualitativa e quantitativa e consegue representar com bastante clareza as estratégias competitivas de negócios e as operacionais da empresa. Os resultados obtidos confirmaram as hipóteses, validadas segundo o método popperiano dedutivo de prova: 1 não há diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os campos da competição escolhidos para os autoveículos mais competitivos e os escolhidos para os menos competitivos, pois todos eles competem basicamente em projeto, qualidade e preço do produto; e 2 o foco (variável matemática que mede o alinhamento das armas da competição aos campos da competição escolhidos para cada veículo explica por que um autoveículo é mais competitivo que outro.This article describes the methodology and the results of a study carried out to identify the determinants of competitiveness of the most important compact automotive vehicles produced by the four major car manufacturers operating in Brazil: Fiat, Ford, General Motors and Volkswagen. The methodology chosen was the one suggested by the Fields and Weapons of the Competition model, because it is both qualitative and quantitative, and because it provides a very clear representation of the competitive business and operational strategies of companies. The results validated the hypotheses formulated, and it is possible to conclude that: 1 there is no statistically significant difference between the fields of competition chosen for the more competitive automotive vehicles and the ones chosen for the less competitive, since they all compete primarily on design, quality and price of product

Interfon

CERN Multimedia

Interfon

2011-01-01

POINT S St-Genis-Pouilly . Gex . Bellegarde Profitez des offres d’été : 20 à 35% de remise sur les pneus AUTO SECURITE Zone de l’Allondon – St-Genis-Pouilly Faites contrôler votre véhicule et bénéficier d’une réduction de 5 euros sur le montant de votre visite RENAULT DG8 Motors Gex – Rn5 – Route de Genève 13 à 25% de remise sur une large gamme de modèles pour tous les fonctionnaires internationaux OPEL Chevillard Automobiles St-Jean-de-Gonville Remises préférentielles (remise OPEL - aide à la reprise - Bonus Eco) jusqu’au 31 aôut 2011 INTERSPORT Zone de l’Allondon – St-Genis-Pouilly 7% de réduction sur l’ensemble du magasin (hors promotions) THOMAS COOK Ferney-Voltaire . Divonne-les-Bains 2% de réduction sur tous les voyag...

Hydrogen utilization efficiency in PEM fuel cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Metkemeyer, R; Achard, P; Rouveyre, L; Picot, D [Ecole des Mines de Paris, Centre D' energrtique, Sophia Antipolis (France)

1998-07-01

In this paper, we present the work carried out within the framework of the FEVER project (Fuel cell Electric Vehicle for Efficiency and Range), an European project coordinated by Renault, joining Ecole des Mines de Paris, Ansaldo, De Nora, Air Liquide and Volvo. For the FEVER project, where an electrical air compressor is used for oxidant supply, there is no need for hydrogen spill over, meaning that the hydrogen stoichiometry has to be as close to one as possible. To determine the optimum hydrogen utilization efficiency for a 10 kW Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) fed with pure hydrogen, a 4 kW prototype fuel cell was tested with and without a hydrogen recirculator at the test facility of Ecole des Mines de Paris. Nitrogen cross over from the cathodic compartment to the anodic compartment limits the hydrogen utilization of the fuel cell without recirculator to 97.4 % whereas 100% is feasible when a recirculator is used. 5 refs.

Fighting against VOC emissions; Lutter contre les emissions de COV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fanlo, J.L. [Ecole des Mines d' Ales, 30 (France); Puech, G. [APAVE, 75 - Paris (France); Patoux, R. [Rhodia Rhoditech (France)] [and others

2001-12-01

This document brings together 15 testimonies of experts about the processes used in the industry for the abatement of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. The different points approached concern: the first industrial experiments of fight against VOC emissions, how to audit the facilities, how to make a diagnosis, to hierarchized and to measure continuously VOC emissions, how to anticipate the explosion risks linked with VOC treatment processes, the techniques of VOC abatement at the source implemented by industrialists, the implementation of an emission mastery scheme by Crow Cork and Seal company, the implementation of a solvent management plan by Turbomeca company and of a paints strategy by Renault car-making company, the combination of VOC abatement techniques implemented by industrialists, the classification of destruction and recovery processes: the experience feedback of Sanofi Synthelabo and of Air Liquide companies, the combination of upstream and downstream techniques implemented by Pechiney Rhenalu, Ashland Polyester and Quebecor companies. (J.S.)

FOCUS-GROUP AND ITS IMPACT IN THE QUESTIONNAIRE OF MARKETING RESEARCH ON THE ROMANIAN CAR MARKET

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

MANEA Constantin

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Designing a questionnaire is the most profound activity which makes an impact on a research in marketing. The investigation instrument finally determines the quality of this type of research. Never will a market research be able to exceed its questionnaire in point of quality. The present contribution succinctly itemizes a research project for the Romanian car market, emphasizing the importance of focus group, and appends, at the end, the concrete result, applied to the Romanian car market. The first part describes the hypotheses and sets out the objectives of the research, focusing on the market leader, i.e. Automobile Dacia Renault. The second section describes the practical process of designing the questionnaire, with a special stress laid on the impact of focus-group in the final version. The synthesis of focus group is materialized through a number of final remarks on the manner of concretely writing the questionnaire, which was put to practical use on the Romanian car market.

Nelikvedu alt ei vea / Jussa Nieminen

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Nieminen, Jussa

2016-01-01

Võrdlustestis talveauto 2016: Audi A4 Lim. 2,0 TDI Quattro S tronic, BMW X1 xDrive20d A, Fiat 500X 2,0 140 MJet AWD AT Cross, Ford S-Max 2,0 TDCi 180 hj PowerShift Titanium AWD, Hyundai Tucson 1,6 T-GDI 7DCT Style, Kia Sportage 1,6T GT-Line 7DCT, Land Rover Discovery Sport 2,0 TD4 180 HSE A, Mazda CX-3 2,0 Skyactiv-G AWD Premium Plus AT, Mercedes-Benz GLC 250 d 4Matic, Renault Kadjar 1,6 dCi 4×4 Bose, Škoda Superb Combi 2,0 TDI SCR DSG 4×4 L&K, Ssangyong Korando D20 AWD 6AT, Subaru Levorg 1,6i GT-N CVT, Suzuki Vitara 1,4 Boosterjet 4WD S 6MT, Volvo V60 Cross Country D4 AWD Inscription A Võrdluseks esiveoline: Toyota Auris Touring Sports1,8 Hybrid e-CVT Active

A tribute to Alain Garrigue (1960-2003) and his family

CERN Multimedia

2004-01-01

The tragic death of Alain Garrigue, his wife Christine, and their two children Simon and Marjorie, victims of the Charm-el-Cheikh air disaster in Egypt, is a great shock, and a source of immense sadness to all of us. We will remember Alain both as a colleague and as a friend. He communicated to all his «joie de vivre», and he established a strong team spirit within the group which he led at the LPSC Grenoble. His career as an engineer took him through CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales), RENAULT and CEA in Grenoble. His arrival at the LPSC brought a new dimension to the mechanics group, where Alain developed activities in cryogenics. Alain brought indispensable theoretical knowledge to the LPSC Atlas group. His participation enabled the laboratory to progress in development of proximity cryogenics for the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter. He directed technical activity and coordinated construction of this equipment. His attention to technical details never distracted him from a gl...

Estudio energético en el taller de chapistería en Volkswagen Navarra S.A.

OpenAIRE

Echavarren Sarasibar, Sergio

2016-01-01

El presente proyecto se ha desarrollado con el objetivo de obtener la titualción de Grado en Tecnología Indistriales de la Univerisdad Pública de Navarra. El proyecto recoge un descripción detallada de las instalaciones de aire comprimido en taller de Chapisteria, una documentación de consumos, equipos, instalaciones con el objetivo de detectar derroches energéticos en la instalación. Con dichos derroches se ha realizado medidas de ahorro que reducen el gasto energético d...

78 FR 22944 - Notice of Receipt of Petition for Decision That Nonconforming 1991 Volkswagen Transporter Multi...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-04-17

... Defogging Systems, 104 Windshield Wiping and Washing Systems, 105 Hydraulic and Electric Brake Systems, 106... Vehicles Other Than Passenger Cars, 124 Accelerator Control Systems, 201 Occupant Protection in Interior... . Follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Mail: Docket Management Facility: U.S. Department...

76 FR 30239 - Volkswagen Group of America, Inc., Grant of Petition for Decision of Inconsequential Noncompliance

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-24

... petition was published, with a 30-day public comment period, on August 11, 2010, in the Federal Register... ESC malfunction indicator telltale lamp (ESC telltale lamp). That ESC malfunction detection will also cause the TPMS combination telltale to flash for 60-90 seconds. Both telltale lamps will then remain...

Summer School organized by the International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, and the Institute for Information Sciences, University of Tübingen

CERN Document Server

Güttinger, Werner; Cin, Mario

1974-01-01

This volume is the record and product of the Summer School on the Physics and Mathematics of the Nervous System, held at the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste from August 21-31, 1973, and jointly organized by the Institute for Information Sciences, University of Tlibingen and by the Centre. The school served to bring biologists, physicists and mathemati­ cians together to exchange ideas about the nervous system and brain, and also to introduce young scientists to the field. The program, attended by more than a hundred scientists, was interdisciplinary both in character and participation. The primary support for the school was provided by the Volkswagen Foundation of West Germany. We are particularly indebted to Drs. G. Gambke, M. -L Zarnitz, and H. Penschuck of the Foundation for their in­ terest in and help with the project. The school also received major support from the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste and its sponsoring agencies, including the use of its exce...

Sustainability and Energy Efficiency in the Automotive Sector

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2013-01-01

Since this year there can be no doubt that "sustainability" has become the top issue in the automotive sector. Volkswagen's CEO Prof. Dr. Martin Winterkorn attacked incumbents like BMW Group (so far the "most sustainable car manufacturer" for the 8th consecutive year) or Toyota (producer of the famous "Prius") head-on by boldly stating to become "the most profitable and most sustainable car manufacturer worldwide by 2018" . This announcement clearly shows that "sustainability" and "profitability" no longer are considered as conflicting targets. On the contrary, to Prof. Dr. Winterkorn : "climate protection is a driver for economic growth". To prime discussions, the plenary talk will give a brief overview of the entire range of energy efficiency in the automotive sector: based on the multiple drivers behind energy efficiency, practical examples are presented along the entire life-cycle of cars (R&D, production, usage and recycling). These "cases" include big automobile producers as well as their respectiv...

'NASA Invention of the Year' Controls Noise and Vibration

Science.gov (United States)

2007-01-01

Developed at NASA's Langley Research Center, the Macro-Fiber Composite (MFC) is designed to control vibration, noise, and deflections in composite structural beams and panels. Smart Material Corporation specializes in the development of piezocomposite components, and licensed the MFC technology from Langley in 2002. To date, Smart Material Corporation has sold MFCs to over 120 customers, including such industry giants as Volkswagen, Toyota, Honda, BMW, General Electric, and the tennis company, HEAD. The company estimates that its customers have filed at least 100 patents for their various unique uses of the technology. In addition, the company's product portfolio has grown to include piezoceramic fibers and fiber composites, piezoceramic actuators and sensors, and test equipment for these products. It also offers a compact, lightweight power system for MFC testing and validation. Consumer applications already on the market include piezoelectric systems as part of audio speakers, phonograph cartridges and microphones, and recreational products requiring vibration control, such as skis, snowboards, baseball bats, hockey sticks, and tennis racquets.

Automobil Favorit - milník v historii značky Škoda

OpenAIRE

Janíček, Michal

2017-01-01

Rešeršní bakalářská práce se zabývá vývojem automobilu Škoda Favorit. Úvodem je nastíněn stručný přehled historie značky Škoda. Těžiskem práce je pojednání o vývoji, použití inovativních prvků a závěrečných zkouškách životnosti a bezpečnosti modelu Favorit. Rozsáhlá část práce je věnována období od představení nového automobilu motoristické veřejnosti do ukončení jeho výroby. Zmíněn je také vstup automobilky Škoda do koncernu Volkswagen. V závěru práce jsou obsaženy informace o pozici tohoto ...

Influence of human-machine-interfaces on the error-proneness of operator interaction with technical systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boussoffara, Badi; Elzer, Peter F.

1999-01-01

The paper gives an overview over a research project that has been jointly conducted by four research institutions in Germany since October 1995 with the financial support of the Volkswagen Foundation Germany. The aim of this project is to experimentally investigate the influence of the Human Computer Interface (HCI) on the error-proneness of operators during classification and diagnosis of various process states. Since evaluation of the complete chain 'activation - detection -recognition - diagnosis - action' would have caused some ambiguities with respect to the interpretation of the experimental data only detection and classification of unwanted process states have been evaluated. Depending on the requirements of the various types of experiments the following experimental environments were set up: IPP, IfKog: a simulator of a coal-fired power station (courtesy of ABB); ISTec: a simulator of a nuclear power station (courtesy of GRS); several types of interfaces designed by IPP and IfKog, implemented at IPP; interfaces designed and implemented at ISTec (author) (ml)

CooLN2Car: An Experimental Car Which Uses Liquid Nitrogen as Its Fuel

Science.gov (United States)

Parker, M. E.; Plummer, M. C.; Ordonez, C. A.

1997-10-01

A ``cryogenic" heat engine which operates using the atmosphere as a heat source and a cryogenic medium as a heat sink has been incorporated as the power system for an automobile. A 1973 Volkswagen Beetle has been converted and uses liquid nitrogen as its ``fuel." A Dewar was mounted in the car and provides nitrogen under pressure to two heat exchangers connected in parallel which use atmospheric heat to heat the nitrogen. The heat exchangers deliver compressed nitrogen gas to a vane-type pneumatic motor mounted in place of the original gasoline engine. Pressure in the tank is maintained internally at 1.2 MPa and is reduced to 0.7 MPa before the motor by a pressure regulator. A throttle, composed of a butterfly valve, is mounted between the regulator and the motor and is connected to the driver's accelerator peddle. The vehicle has good acceleration, a maximum range of 15 miles, and a maximum speed of 25 mph. A demonstration with the vehicle is planned.

Research at the service of energy transition - Hydrogen and fuel cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bodineau, Luc; Antoine, Loic; Tonnet, Nicolas; Theobald, Olivier; Tappero, Denis

2018-03-01

This brochure brings together 22 hydrogen-energy and fuel cell projects selected and supported by the French agency of environment and energy management (Ademe) since 2012 through its call for research projects TITEC (industrial tests and transfers in real conditions) and Sustainable Energy: 1 - BHYKE: electric-hydrogen bike experiment; 2 - CHYMENE: innovative hydrogen compressor for mobile applications; 3 - COMBIPOL 3: bipolar plates assembly technology and gasketing process for PEMFC; 4 - CRONOS: high temperature SOFC for domestic micro-cogeneration; 5 - EPILOG: natural gas fuel cell on the way to commercialization; 6 - EXALAME: polyfunctional catalytic complexes for membranes-electrodes assembly without Nafion for PEMFC; 7 - HYCABIOME: H 2 and CO 2 conversion by biological methanation; 8 - HYLOAD: hydrogen-fueled airport vehicle experiment with on-site supply chain; 9 - HYSPSC: Pressurized hydrogen without Compressor; 10 - HYWAY: hydrogen mobility cluster demonstrator (electric-powered Kangoo cars fleet with range extender) at Lyon and Grenoble; 11 - MHYEL: Pre-industrialization of composite hybrid Membranes for PEM electrolyzer; 12 - NAVHYBUS: Design and experimentation of an electric-hydrogen river shuttle for passengers transportation at Nantes; 13 - PACMONT: fuel cells integration and adaptation for high mountain and polar applications; 14 - PREMHYOME: fabrication process of hybrid membranes for PEMFC; 15 - PRODIG: lifetime prediction and warranty for fuel cell systems; 16 - REHYDRO: fuel cell integration in the circular economy principle; 17 - SPHYNX and Co: optimizing renewable energy integration and self-consumption in buildings; 18 - THEMIS: design and experimentation of an autonomous on-site power supply system; 19 - VABHYOGAZ: biogas valorization through renewable hydrogen generation, design and experimentation of a 5 Nm 3 /h demonstrator at a waste disposal site; 20 - VALORPAC: Integration and experimentation of a high-temperature SOFC system that use

Impact of a Diesel High Pressure Common Rail Fuel System and Onboard Vehicle Storage on B20 Biodiesel Blend Stability

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Christensen, Earl; McCormick, Robert L.; Sigelko, Jenny; Johnson, Stuart; Zickmann, Stefan; Lopes, Shailesh; Gault, Roger; Slade, David

2016-04-01

Adoption of high-pressure common-rail (HPCR) fuel systems, which subject diesel fuels to higher temperatures and pressures, has brought into question the efficacy of ASTM International specifications for biodiesel and biodiesel blend oxidation stability, as well as the lack of any stability parameter for diesel fuel. A controlled experiment was developed to investigate the impact of a light-duty diesel HPCR fuel system on the stability of 20% biodiesel (B20) blends under conditions of intermittent use and long-term storage in a relatively hot and dry climate. B20 samples with Rancimat induction periods (IPs) near the current 6.0-hour minimum specification (6.5 hr) and roughly double the ASTM specification (13.5 hr) were prepared from a conventional diesel and a highly unsaturated biodiesel. Four 2011 model year Volkswagen Passats equipped with HPCR fuel injection systems were utilized: one on B0, two on B20-6.5 hr, and one on B20-13.5 hr. Each vehicle was operated over a one-hour drive cycle in a hot running loss test cell to initially stress the fuel. The cars were then kept at Volkswagen's Arizona Proving Ground for two (35 degrees C average daily maximum) to six months (26 degrees C average daily maximum). The fuel was then stressed again by running a portion of the one-hour dynamometer drive cycle (limited by the amount of fuel in the tank). Fuel rail and fuel tank samples were analyzed for IP, acid number, peroxide content, polymer content, and ester profile. The HPCR fuel pumps were removed, dismantled, and inspected for deposits or abnormal wear. Analysis of fuels collected during initial dynamometer tests showed no impact of exposure to HPCR conditions. Long-term storage with intermittent use showed that IP remained above 3 hours, acid number below 0.3 mg KOH/g, peroxides low, no change in ester profile, and no production of polymers. Final dynamometer tests produced only small changes in fuel properties. Inspection of the HPCR fuel pumps revealed no

E-mobility: European Energy and Transport Policies at cross-roads. The challenge of infrastructure deployment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faure Schuyer, Aurelie

2016-01-01

European clean transport policy envisages the development of charging infrastructures for electric vehicles within a European e-mobility framework. After the downturns of the Volkswagen scandal and the prevailing low European carbon price, the EU is bringing forward car passenger transport electrification. This requires new business models based on inter-operability. In supporting the objective of deployment of 8 million electric vehicles in 2020 and ensuring e-mobility services throughout the European Union (EU), the European strategy for low-emission mobility reminds Member States of their obligation to install publicly accessible infrastructures for electric vehicles by the end of the decade, as defined in Directive 2014/94. The strategy points towards an extension beyond the 2020 horizon of low-emission policies not only in car transportation, but also in goods transport (lorries), in public passenger transport (buses), and international aviation. It comes in the context of two major policy downturns. First, the Volkswagen scandal last October 2015 put a blow on the European cars manufacturing industry, as much as on the EU's oversight role in car emissions standards. Second, the sustained low prevailing carbon price is signaling that no emission abatement is taking place in the EU carbon market (European Emission Trading Scheme) covering power plants and industrial facilities. In car passenger transport, emissions can indeed be abated with electric vehicle, if the underlying system from which electricity is drawn is de-carbonized. As part of the Clean Power Transport Package, the European Strategy for low-emission mobility leans upon the Directive 2014/94 on Alternative Fuels Infrastructure, which requires Member States to roll out an infrastructure connecting electric vehicles (EVs). However, it is not giving any additional requirements for natural gas vehicle nor hydrogen-based vehicles (fuel cells). Among all forms of low emission vehicles (EVs, Compressed

The external energy consumption in automobiles manufacturing; La consommation d'energie externe dans la fabrication d'automobiles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lantz, F.; Lesne, Ch.

2003-03-01

This analysis on the external energy consumption in the automotive industry aims at: estimating the energy consumed in the French territory by the overall transports linked with the automotive industry ('external' energy) and comparing it to the energy consumed in car factories ('internal' energy); estimating the CO{sub 2} emission levels linked with the transportation activity and evaluating the impact of these emissions on the main parameters of the automotive industry production (number of vehicles produced). The methodology is based on a first study carried out with the French car maker Renault at the European scale, and extended to the whole automotive industry of France. The first two chapters are devoted to a descriptive analysis of the car making process in an internationalization context. The methodology of estimation of external energy consumptions and of CO{sub 2} emissions is presented in the third chapter. Finally, a modeling at the scale of France is proposed in the last chapter. A synthesis of the results and the lessons learnt are summarized in the conclusion. (J.S.)

Subaru XV: una estrategia de comunicación y mercadeo para la generación Y

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guillermo Armelini

2013-03-01

Full Text Available En el año 2009 las ventas en la industria automotriz disminuyeron. El año 2010 había comenzado mucho mejor. En este contexto, Subaru Chile, un actor del mercado con una cuota relativamente pequeña (anexo 1, decidió introducir un nuevo modelo: Subaru XV, un crossover que se presentaba como la gran apuesta para el creciente mercado de los SUV (anexos 6 y 7 El desafío de lanzar este modelo presentaba varias aristas. En primer lugar, el mercado de este tipo de vehículos ya estaba muy desarrollado por actores importantes como Toyota, Nissan y Renault (anexo 7. En segundo lugar, Subaru tenía que dirigir su acción comercial a un nuevo segmento de mercado (jóvenes entre 20 y 35 años que desconocía y, consecuentemente, debía estudiar sus hábitos y necesidades, y definir el sistema de comunicación más acorde para este target.

Car glass microphones using piezoelectric transducers for external alarm detection and localization

Science.gov (United States)

Bolzmacher, Christian; Le Guelvouit, Valentin

2015-05-01

This work describes the potential use of car windows as a long range acoustic sensing device for external alarm signals. The goal is to detect and localize siren signals (e.g. ambulances and police cars) and to alert presbycusic drivers of its presence by visual and acoustic feedback in order to improve individual mobility and increase the sense of security. The glass panes of a Renault Zoé operating as an acoustic antenna have been equipped with large 50 mm outer diameter piezoceramic rings, hidden in the lower part of the door structure and the lower part of the windshield and the rear window. The response of the glass to quasi-static signals and sweep excitation has been recorded. In general, the glass pane is acting as a high pass filter due to its inherent stiffness and provides only little damping. This effect is compensated by using a charge amplifier electronic circuit. The detection capability up to 120 m as well as a dynamic test where the car is moving towards the sound source is reported.

Assessment of real driving emissions via portable emission measurement system

Science.gov (United States)

Clenci, A.; Sălan, V.; Niculescu, R.; Iorga-Simăn, V.; Zaharia, C.

2017-10-01

The European Commission approved a so-called Real Driving Emission (RDE) test in response to the criticisms to the current driving cycle used at chassis dyno for homologation purpose (NEDC): it is considered outdated and misleading since air pollutants in real driving conditions are considerably higher than the certification thresholds. So, what’s at stake is the air quality which degraded continuously despite the ever-increasing severity of the regulations during the last almost three decades. Thus, from September 2017, the RDE test will become part of the type approval process for all cars sold in Europe. As its name points out, it will include “real world driving” using a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS). The paper presents the RDE features (PEMS mounting, testing environment, boundary conditions, driving dynamics) and presents a case study on the influence of the driving style upon the tail-pipe emissions under the RDE testing. The results presented in the paper issued from the existing cooperation on this topic between University of Pitesti and Renault Technologie Roumanie

COP 21: a diplomatic and... climatic success?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Combe, Matthieu

2016-09-01

If the agreement signed at the end of the COP21 has been greeted as historical, compromises made for such a diplomatic success cast doubt on the constraining aspect of this treaty. This publication thus proposes comments on the content of the COP21 agreement by discussing the perspective and opportunities of a possible commitment of air transport in the struggle against climate change, by questioning the existence of a dynamics for world commitment in the development of renewable energies, for the emergence of more responsible companies and sustainable cities, by commenting the almost unanimous success of the COP21 acknowledged by all parties (except Nicaragua), by commenting the opinion of NGOs on the agreement. Other articles evoke and comment examples of mobilisation of civil society and companies in demonstrations during the COP21, other demonstrations organised in parallel with the COP21 (a citizen summit on climate in Montreuil, exhibition in the Grand Palais where large companies like Veolia, L'Oreal, Evian, BIC, Coca-Cola or Renault presented some initiatives)

James George Frazer’s Anthropologic Heritage in the Work of Robert Graves

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Tomislav M. Pavlović

2016-02-01

Full Text Available The works of Sir James George Frazer had an outstanding influence on the literature of modernism. Among those who benefited from Frazer’s ritualism were W. B. Yeats, T. S. Eliot. James Joyce, Ernest Hemingway, D. H. Lawrence, Ezra Pound, Mary Renault, Joseph Campbell, Robert Graves and many others. Robert Graves was known for his famous adaptation of Frazer’s concept of the sacred king who is sacrificed for the benefit of his subjects thus forming the narrative frame for the one of his most controversial novels. The dying king is also identified with the poet striving to attain the favour of the Triple Muse Goddess - who represents the embodiment of true poetic inspiration. The aforementioned concept is not the only thing that Graves inherited from his famous ancestor. In our analysis we laid stress on the customs, rituals, magic symbols and deities both authors dealt with. We also observed a striking resemblance of the style Greves and Frazer developed and their euchemeristic approach to myths as well.

The multimedia corrosion guide, 2. edition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Audisio, S.

2006-01-01

Collecting the knowledge and experience of 26 international experts, the Multimedia Corrosion Guide is a reference book in the field of corrosion, for scientists, engineers, technicians and students. Also available in English, the second edition is more than just an update; it contains new chapters, new corrosion case studies and new smart functions. When knowledge is combined with experience, the result is a work of unprecedented quality and detail. Under the supervision of Professor Dr. S. Audisio of the Industrial Physical Chemistry Laboratory, INSA de Lyon, France, leading corrosion specialists from industry (Aerospatiale, CEA, EDF, ELF, Fragema, GDF, Pechiney, Renault, Rhone-Poulenc, Ugine...) have joined forces with experts from renowned French universities (INSA, UTC, ENSEEP, ENSCP, ENSAM...) to produce this book. In addition to the Corrosion Treatise, this program also contains a Case Studies Library, a corrosion database to which users can add their own experience base. New cases are automatically inserted alongside the existing ones, with the same selection criteria. Numerous other advanced functions make this second edition a unique, intelligent, professional and invaluable reference tool. (authors)

77 FR 5303 - Notice of Receipt of Petition for Decision That Nonconforming 1999 Volkswagen Bora Passenger Cars...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-02-02

... Pneumatic Tires, 113 Hood Latch System, 116 Motor Vehicle Brake Fluids, 124 Accelerator Control Systems, 135 Light Vehicle Brake Systems, 202 Head Restraints, 204 Steering Control Rearward Displacement, 205... software in the vehicle's computer system, or installation of a supplemental system to meet the...

Dual Mode Vehicle with In-Wheel Motor: Regenerative Braking Optimization Véhicule bi-mode avec moteurs roues : optimisation du freinage récupératif

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Le Solliec G.

2013-03-01

Full Text Available To meet the growing need for mobility of people and goods while massively reducing CO2 emissions, the electrification of vehicles is an essential solution. The variety of vehicles and their use results in innovative solutions for adapted architecture. This is especially true for light commercial vehicles where the objective is to promote full electric use in urban conditions (zero emission vehicle while maintaining significant range autonomy on road. The project VelRoue, a partnership between Renault, Michelin and IFP Energies nouvelles, aims to develop a dedicated dual-mode vehicle using a conventional thermal powertrain on the front axle and in-wheel motors on the rear one each powertrain to its use and makes it possible to achieve a low level of homologation CO2 emissions. In addition to features that meet the specific use of a commercial vehicle, in this paper we will particularly demonstrate the benefit of such an architecture to optimize the regenerative braking while ensuring a safe dynamic behaviour. Pour faire face au besoin croissant de mobilité des personnes et des biens tout en réduisant massivement les émissions de CO2, l’électrification des véhicules est une solution majeure. La grande variété des véhicules et de leur utilisation conduit à la mise en place d’architectures adaptées et donc de solutions innovantes. Cela est particulièrement le cas pour le développement de véhicules utilitaires dont l’objectif est de promouvoir un usage tout électrique en ville (véhicule zéro émission tout en maintenant une autonomie significative pour un usage extra-urbain. Le projet VelRoue, un partenariat entre Renault, Michelin et IFP Energies nouvelles, a pour objectif le développement d’un véhicule utilitaire bi-mode utilisant un groupe motopropulseur thermique traditionnel sur le train avant et des moteurs roues sur le train arrière. Chaque système de propulsion sera alors séparément optimisé à son utilisation

Estudio de gastos en insumos de mantenimiento correctivo de las cuñas tractoras en empresa de transporte. // An study about consumable parts of corrective maintenance costs of the tractive vehicles of the Transportation Filial of Almacenes Universales Ent

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

B. Rigol Cardona

2008-05-01

Full Text Available Las cuñas tractoras son vehículos de transporte utilizados en Cuba bajo intensas condiciones de explotación, con un sistemade mantenimiento preventivo, que teóricamente simultanea alta disponibilidad técnica a gastos aceptables. El trabajopresenta los gastos en insumos de mantenimiento correctivo en pesos convertibles cubanos (CUC y su arancel en pesoscubanos (CUP tras explotar ocho meses consecutivos una flota de 20 cuñas marca Renault, de la filial de transporte en laprovincia de Holguín, en una empresa transportista nacional. Los objetivos del artículo son: recopilar la información sobregastos de mantenimiento, realizar un análisis estadístico, obtener el comportamiento relativo de los gastos e interpretar losresultados. Los métodos empleados fueron, observación no participante, porcentajes componentes, análisis clúster, análisisde varianza, diferencias significativas medias y principio de Pareto. El estudio reveló que al 95 % de confianza haydiferencias significativas entre los gastos en CUC de mantenimiento correctivo, de donde se originan tres grupos devehículos; los gastos de mantenimiento correctivo superan tres veces los de mantenimiento preventivo y esto contradice lasupuesta aplicación de mantenimiento preventivo y se determinaron los vehículos con mayores gastos, empleándose en laactualidad esta herramienta para la toma de decisiones de la gerencia.Palabras claves: mantenimiento, costos, vehículos de transporte, disponibilidad._____________________________________________________________________________AbstractThe tractive vehicles are transportation vehicles used in Cuba under intensive explotation conditions, and have a preventivemaintenance system that theoricately produces both high technical availability and acceptable costs. In the article arepresented the maintenance costs in cuban convertible pesos (CUC and the tariff in cuban pesos (CUP of using duringeight consecutive months, a twenty Renault vehicle

Electromobility for everyone? An industry electrified; Elektromobilitaet fuer alle? Eine Branche steht unter Strom

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Winterkorn, Martin [Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg (Germany)

2011-07-01

The electric car is one of the keys to achieving sustainable mobility - along with more efficient internal combustion engines, intelligent light-weight design and alternative sources of energy such as natural gas and next generation biogenic fuels. The Volkswagen Group is fully committed to electric mobility and is driv-ing the development of the electric car forward using its modular assem-bly strategy, the results of which can already be seen in the XL1 and the Golf blue-e-emotion. Before we are able to produce a practical, afforda-ble ''electric car for everyone,'' however, we face four major challenges: (1) developing the technology (especially the battery), (2) setting up an extensive standardized infrastructure, (3) ensuring an environmentally friendly source of electricity, and (4) driving down costs to a competitive level. All this makes electric mobility the challenge of the century - for the automotive industry and the European industrial community as a whole. It is an issue that concerns us all: manufacturers, suppliers, energy provid-ers, scientists and politicians alike. (orig.)

'Greenfields' and 'Brownfields': automotive industrial development in the UK and in Portugal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mário Vale

1996-12-01

Full Text Available The industrial policy in the UK and in Portugal, as in most EU countries, seeks to attract new investment capacity, to create jobs and to promote the impact of the so-called "demonstration efect" of "greenfield" development strategies pursued in the new plants of inward investors on existing or "brownfield" plants. This industrial policy focus is particularly evident in the automobile industry.This paper compares the industrial policy oriented towards the automobile industry in the UK and in Portugal. Two recent "greenfield" investments are analised: Nissan in the North-East region (UK and Ford/VW in the Setúbal Peninsula (Portugal, as well as three "brownfield" plants: Ford Halewood and GM Vauxhall Ellesmere Port in the North-West region (UK and Renault in Setúbal (Portugal. The first part starts with a discussion of industrial policy in the automobile sector, the role of "greenfield" development strategies and the "demonstration effect" on "brownfield" plants. Then, the limits of new inward investment are pointed out, basically their problems and restrictions. Afterwards, the structural barriers to the "demonstration effect" within "brownfield" plants are outlined and some possabilities for alternative "brownfield" development strategies are presented.

Cloud Incubator Car: A Reliable Platform for Autonomous Driving

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raúl Borraz

2018-02-01

Full Text Available It appears clear that the future of road transport is going through enormous changes (intelligent transport systems, the main one being the Intelligent Vehicle (IV. Automated driving requires a huge research effort in multiple technological areas: sensing, control, and driving algorithms. We present a comprehensible and reliable platform for autonomous driving technology development as well as for testing purposes, developed in the Intelligent Vehicles Lab at the Technical University of Cartagena. We propose an open and modular architecture capable of easily integrating a wide variety of sensors and actuators which can be used for testing algorithms and control strategies. As a proof of concept, this paper presents a reliable and complete navigation application for a commercial vehicle (Renault Twizy. It comprises a complete perception system (2D LIDAR, 3D HD LIDAR, ToF cameras, Real-Time Kinematic (RTK unit, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU, an automation of the driving elements of the vehicle (throttle, steering, brakes, and gearbox, a control system, and a decision-making system. Furthermore, two flexible and reliable algorithms are presented for carrying out global and local route planning on board autonomous vehicles.

THE CHANGES ON THE FIELD OF LOGISTIC ACTIVITIES

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Ion STANCU

2008-01-01

Full Text Available If logistics can be considered an assembly of methods, functions, and waysused by a company with the purpose of giving clients the goods taken at alow price and in a period of time according to clients’ expectations, takinginto consideration the quantities settled by contract, we can say that, in acompany, the logistics functionality contributes to coordination the offer byrequiring the lowest costs, based on some strategic and tactics plans as wellas keeping qualitative relations between suppliers and clients.Logistics can be said to represent the optimization of the company’s bothfundamental cycles: the cycle-client (from order to delivery and the projectcycle(from conception to use. From this point of view, this is an essentialcomponent of both the strategy and the companies’ organization. Somecompanies in West Europe have moved or created new production plants inCentre and East Europe, mainly in the new member states of the EuropeanUnion (NOKIA from Germany to Romania, RENAULT from France toRomania, etc. This is based on some detailed research on the importancethat a functional logistics of industrial platforms has taking into considerationboth raw materials and clients’ satisfaction, who, more often than not is farfrom the production place.

Cooling system and climate control of fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ap, N.S. [Valeo Engine Cooling, La Varriere (France); Cloarec, M.; Rouveyre, L. [PSA-Renault, Trappes (France)

2000-07-01

This paper described the special thermal aspects of the fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) program established in 1999 by the combined efforts of the two French car manufacturers PSA and Renault. One of the objectives of the program was to examine the climate control and particularly the air conditioning in the passenger compartment which had not been previously studied. The heat dissipation of FCEV is in the order of 2.5 to 3 times higher than that of a comparable internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV). In addition, the fuel cell powertrain has two temperature levels. The first level is high for the fuel cell stack and the second is low for the electrical, electronic components and other auxiliaries. This paper presented and described each component of two cooling loops along with the heat performance of each type. The first cooling loop used de-ionized water as a coolant, and the second made use of an ethylene-glycol-water mixture as a coolant. The air conditioning capability is a major aspect of the FCEV thermal management. The electrical source availability creates the condition to introduce an enhanced comfort level. Both winter preheating and summer precooling are possible. refs., figs.

Design and development of a family of explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) robots

Science.gov (United States)

Reichard, Karl; Simpson, Tim; Rogan, Chris; Merenich, John; Brennan, Sean; Crow, Ed

2008-10-01

Across many consumer product industries, the prevailing practice is to design families of product variants that exploit commonality to provide the ability to easily customize a base platform for particular uses and to take advantage of commonality for streamlining design, manufacturing, maintenance and logistic; examples include Black & Decker, Seagate, and Volkswagen. This paper describes the application of product family concepts to the design and development of a family of robots to satisfy requirements for explosive ordnance disposal. To facilitate this process, we have developed a market segmentation grid that plots the desired capabilities and cost versus the target use cases. The product family design trade space is presented using a multi-dimensional trade space visualization tool which helps identify dependencies between different design variables and identify Pareto frontiers along which optimal design choices will lie. The EOD robot product family designs share common components and subsystems yet are modularized and scalable to provide functionality to satisfy a range of user requirements. This approach has been shown to significantly reduce development time and costs, manufacturing costs, maintenance and spare parts inventory, and operator and maintainer training.

Market Entry Strategies of Passenger Carmakers – The Case Study of the Czech Republic

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hana Machková

2015-09-01

Full Text Available In 2014, the Czech automotive industry had a record-breaking year with 1 278 000 motor vehicles manufactured. This was a result of the investment of three major carmakers, who entered into the Czech Republic, because they believed in the industrial capacity of the country and its strategic location in Central Europe. The goal of this article is to analyze the different entry strategies into the Czech market and to compare the results of different strategic approaches for both foreign private investors and the recipient country. The main research method used in this article is a case study. In our case studies, we will analyze the cases of the Volkswagen group and its acquisition of the manufacturer Škoda, the greenfield investment of Hyundai, and the strategic alliance of the French car producer PSA with Japanese Toyota who had founded the TPCA joint venture in the Czech Republic. All three case studies show examples of good practices and prove that foreign direct investment (FDI has the potential to generate employment, raise productivity, transfer skills and technology, enhance exports and contribute to the long-term economic development of the country.

Volkswagen - Ett globalt fusk : En deskriptiv studie om biljättens utsläppsskandal och dess påverkan

OpenAIRE

Edlund, Erik; de Bourgh, Oscar

2016-01-01

Genom åren har ett flertal bolag världen över involverats i olika slags skandaler, en del som rena brott och andra som skylls på misstag eller olyckshändelser. Några av det större slaget är t.ex. BP-skandalen där miljontals fat med olja läckte ut i mexikanska golfen, detta skylldes på en olyckshändelse. Andra exempel är Enron som gjorde ett rent bedrägeri i form av bokföringsbrott eller Stora Enso som sysslade med barnarbete i utvecklingsländer, vilket blossade upp som en skandal i form av bo...

Flexibilidade e crise do emprego industrial - sindicatos, regiões e novas ações empresariais Flexibility and the industrial employment crisis - unions, regions and new business actions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Ricardo Ramalho

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Flexibilidade é uma palavra chave que sintetiza as mudanças decorrentes da reestruturação pelas quais passou a indústria nas últimas décadas. A redução do emprego industrial e suas consequências sociais e econômicas, são o foco da crítica social dirigida aos projetos baseados no padrão flexível, exigindo cada vez mais das empresas a elaboração de argumentos e ações para justificar e legitimar essa nova faceta do processo produtivo. O projeto AutoVision da montadora multinacional de veículos Volkswagen, aplicado em duas regiões - Wolfsburg, na Alemanha e ABC paulista, no Brasil, chama a atenção pelas características de uma intervenção social que veio acompanhada de um discurso mais elaborado de justificação. A hipótese a ser testada é a de que as iniciativas mais recentes das empresas globalizadas com base na flexibilidade, apontam para um protagonismo político na formulação de propostas com o objetivo de minorar os efeitos da redução do emprego na indústria e para a construção de uma retórica que naturaliza o emprego flexível. Teoricamente, esse caso permite também discutir os diferentes arranjos sociais com base na flexibilidade, que são criados regionalmente pelas empresas multinacionais e os modos como estas justificam suas ações¹.Flexibility is a key word that summarizes the changes that resulted from the restructuring of the industry in the recent decades. The decrease in industrial employment, as well as its social and economic consequences, is the focus of the social criticism directed at projects based on the flexible pattern, which require more and more actions from the part of the companies to justify and legitimize this new facet of the production process. The AutoVision project of the multinational automobile manufacturer Volkswagen - implemented in two regions: Wolfsburg, in Germany, and the ABC Region in the state of São Paulo, Brazil - presents the characteristics of a social

An efficient sensitivity analysis method for modified geometry of Macpherson suspension based on Pearson correlation coefficient

Science.gov (United States)

Shojaeefard, Mohammad Hasan; Khalkhali, Abolfazl; Yarmohammadisatri, Sadegh

2017-06-01

The main purpose of this paper is to propose a new method for designing Macpherson suspension, based on the Sobol indices in terms of Pearson correlation which determines the importance of each member on the behaviour of vehicle suspension. The formulation of dynamic analysis of Macpherson suspension system is developed using the suspension members as the modified links in order to achieve the desired kinematic behaviour. The mechanical system is replaced with an equivalent constrained links and then kinematic laws are utilised to obtain a new modified geometry of Macpherson suspension. The equivalent mechanism of Macpherson suspension increased the speed of analysis and reduced its complexity. The ADAMS/CAR software is utilised to simulate a full vehicle, Renault Logan car, in order to analyse the accuracy of modified geometry model. An experimental 4-poster test rig is considered for validating both ADAMS/CAR simulation and analytical geometry model. Pearson correlation coefficient is applied to analyse the sensitivity of each suspension member according to vehicle objective functions such as sprung mass acceleration, etc. Besides this matter, the estimation of Pearson correlation coefficient between variables is analysed in this method. It is understood that the Pearson correlation coefficient is an efficient method for analysing the vehicle suspension which leads to a better design of Macpherson suspension system.

On the assessment of performance and emissions characteristics of a SI engine provided with a laser ignition system

Science.gov (United States)

Birtas, A.; Boicea, N.; Draghici, F.; Chiriac, R.; Croitoru, G.; Dinca, M.; Dascalu, T.; Pavel, N.

2017-10-01

Performance and exhaust emissions of spark ignition engines are strongly dependent on the development of the combustion process. Controlling this process in order to improve the performance and to reduce emissions by ensuring rapid and robust combustion depends on how ignition stage is achieved. An ignition system that seems to be able for providing such an enhanced combustion process is that based on plasma generation using a Q-switched solid state laser that delivers pulses with high peak power (of MW-order level). The laser-spark devices used in the present investigations were realized using compact diffusion-bonded Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG ceramic media. The laser igniter was designed, integrated and built to resemble a classical spark plug and therefore it could be mounted directly on the cylinder head of a passenger car engine. In this study are reported the results obtained using such ignition system provided for a K7M 710 engine currently produced by Renault-Dacia, where the standard calibrations were changed towards the lean mixtures combustion zone. Results regarding the performance, the exhaust emissions and the combustion characteristics in optimized spark timing conditions, which demonstrate the potential of such an innovative ignition system, are presented.

Low Speed Longitudinal Control Algorithms for Automated Vehicles in Simulation and Real Platforms

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mauricio Marcano

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS acting over throttle and brake are already available in level 2 automated vehicles. In order to increase the level of automation new systems need to be tested in an extensive set of complex scenarios, ensuring safety under all circumstances. Validation of these systems using real vehicles presents important drawbacks: the time needed to drive millions of kilometers, the risk associated with some situations, and the high cost involved. Simulation platforms emerge as a feasible solution. Therefore, robust and reliable virtual environments to test automated driving maneuvers and control techniques are needed. In that sense, this paper presents a use case where three longitudinal low speed control techniques are designed, tuned, and validated using an in-house simulation framework and later applied in a real vehicle. Control algorithms include a classical PID, an adaptive network fuzzy inference system (ANFIS, and a Model Predictive Control (MPC. The simulated dynamics are calculated using a multibody vehicle model. In addition, longitudinal actuators of a Renault Twizy are characterized through empirical tests. A comparative analysis of results between simulated and real platform shows the effectiveness of the proposed framework for designing and validating longitudinal controllers for real automated vehicles.

CICLO DE VIDA DO GOL VW: UMA ANÁLISE DAS UNIDADES VENDIDAS NO MERCADO BRASILEIRO ENTRE OS ANOS 1987 E 2010

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo de Tarso Braga

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Nos últimos anos, o segmento de veículos automotores no Brasil vem sofrendo significativas mudanças em função das transformações do cenário econômico, tanto nacional como internacional. A abertura comercial e financeira do país provocou uma reestruturação do setor, no sentido de globalização da cadeia produtiva e de relações comerciais. A análise do ciclo de vida pode auxiliar a identificar a maturidade do produto, concedendo assim um diferencial em relação às empresas concorrentes. O trabalho tem por objetivo identificar, por meio da observação do comportamento das unidades vendidas do veículo Gol VW (fabricado pela Volkswagen do Brasil no mercado brasileiro no período de 1987 até 2010, a aderência entre o ciclo de vida e as estratégias de renovação do produto por parte da fabricante. O comportamento dos dados sugere fases de ciclo de vida definidas para cada geração e que a empresa utiliza estratégias de prolongamento da permanência do veículo no mercado.

Fast automotive diesel exhaust measurement using quantum cascade lasers

Science.gov (United States)

Herbst, J.; Brunner, R.; Lambrecht, A.

2013-12-01

Step by step, US and European legislations enforce the further reduction of atmospheric pollution caused by automotive exhaust emissions. This is pushing automotive development worldwide. Fuel efficient diesel engines with SCRtechnology can impede NO2-emission by reduction with NH3 down to the ppm range. To meet the very low emission limits of the Euro6 resp. US NLEV (National Low Emission Vehicle) regulations, automotive manufacturers have to optimize continuously all phases of engine operation and corresponding catalytic converters. Especially nonstationary operation holds a high potential for optimizing gasoline consumption and further reducing of pollutant emissions. Test equipment has to cope with demanding sensitivity and speed requirements. In the past Fraunhofer IPM has developed a fast emission analyzer called DEGAS (Dynamic Exhaust Gas Analyzer System), based on cryogenically cooled lead salt lasers. These systems have been used at Volkswagen AG`s test benches for a decade. Recently, IPM has developed DEGAS-Next which is based on cw quantum cascade lasers and thermoelectrically cooled detectors. The system is capable to measure three gas components (i.e. NO, NO2, NH3) in two channels with a time resolution of 20 ms and 1 ppm detection limits. We shall present test data and a comparison with fast FTIR measurements.

A Review of Research Progress on Dissimilar Laser Weld-Brazing of Automotive Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Krishnaja, Devireddy; Cheepu, Muralimohan; Venkateswarlu, D.

2018-03-01

In recent years, a rapidly growing demand for laser brazing in the transportation industry for automotive parts joining to improve the productivity, quality of the joints and cost efficiency reasons. Due to this, laser brazing technology is extensively used in the major manufacturing companies such as Volkswagen group, General Motors Europe, BMW and Ford manufacturing groups as their openingbulk production solicitation on various parts of vehicles. Laser brazing is different from the welding processes and it will block upanopeningamongst two substrates by mixture of a filler wire on condition that by a concentrated laser beam or any other heat source. Among the all joining processes, laser brazing technique is an alternative and in effect method for welding of dissimilar metals which have large difference in their melting points. It is important to understand therelationsof these phenomena of the fillers of brazing with the substrate surfaces to obtain a high quality joints. The aim of this study is to address the contemporaryenquiriesand its progress on laser-brazing, its importance to the industrial applications and to bring more awareness to the manufacturers about the research results of this technique from various research groups to enhance the research progress and developing new things from this review report.

Physical characteristics of experienced and junior open-wheel car drivers.

Science.gov (United States)

Raschner, Christian; Platzer, Hans-Peter; Patterson, Carson

2013-01-01

Despite the popularity of open-wheel car racing, scientific literature about the physical characteristics of competitive race car drivers is scarce. The purpose of this study was to compare selected fitness parameters of experienced and junior open-wheel race car drivers. The experienced drivers consisted of five Formula One, two GP2 and two Formula 3 drivers, and the nine junior drivers drove in the Formula Master, Koenig, BMW and Renault series. The following fitness parameters were tested: multiple reactions, multiple anticipation, postural stability, isometric upper body strength, isometric leg extension strength, isometric grip strength, cyclic foot speed and jump height. The group differences were calculated using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Because of the multiple testing strategy used, the statistical significance was Bonferroni corrected and set at P < 0.004. Significant differences between the experienced and junior drivers were found only for the jump height parameter (P = 0.002). The experienced drivers tended to perform better in leg strength (P = 0.009), cyclic foot speed (P = 0.024) and grip strength (P = 0.058). None of the other variables differed between the groups. The results suggested that the experienced drivers were significantly more powerful than the junior drivers: they tended to be quicker and stronger (18% to 25%) but without statistical significance. The experienced drivers demonstrated excellent strength and power compared with other high-performance athletes.

Azure Dynamics Corporation annual report 2004

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2005-01-01

Azure Dynamics Corporation is an international leader in the development of proprietary hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and electric powertrains. In 2004, the company moved its Canadian operations to Vancouver where it can develop and test its technology. Azure has developed HEV technology for the light to medium duty commercial vehicle category. In particular, its main business is the commercialization of HEV and electric vehicle (EV) control and powertrain systems for commercial vehicles (ACS Technology). In 2004, Azure announced an agreement with British-based Leyland Product Development, Zebra Batteries and Renault Trucks to produce a master electric delivery van. It also introduced the first hybrid electric taxi in London and delivered 30 vehicles in the initial phase of an agreement with Purolator that could see delivery of up to 2,000 vehicles. Azure also acquired Solectria Corporation in the United States and is currently developing a powertrain platform for vehicles in the medium-duty weight range of 7,500 to 14,000 pounds gross vehicle weight, and another powertrain for vehicles in the light-duty weight range of 5,000 to 7,5000 pounds gross vehicle weight. Commercial sales of its product is targeted for 2005. This annual report includes information on the company's net earnings and investor profiles, and includes consolidated financial statements and common share information such as assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and cash flows. tabs., figs

Designing the Business Models for Circular Economy—Towards the Conceptual Framework

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mateusz Lewandowski

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Switching from the current linear model of economy to a circular one has recently attracted increased attention from major global companies e.g., Google, Unilever, Renault, and policymakers attending the World Economic Forum. The reasons for this are the huge financial, social and environmental benefits. However, the global shift from one model of economy to another also concerns smaller companies on a micro-level. Thus, comprehensive knowledge on designing circular business models is needed to stimulate and foster implementation of the circular economy. Existing business models for the circular economy have limited transferability and there is no comprehensive framework supporting every kind of company in designing a circular business model. This study employs a literature review to identify and classify the circular economy characteristics according to a business model structure. The investigation in the eight sub-domains of research on circular business models was used to redefine the components of the business model canvas in the context of the circular economy. Two new components—the take-back system and adoption factors—have been identified, thereby leading to the conceptualization of an extended framework for the circular business model canvas. Additionally, the triple fit challenge has been recognized as an enabler of the transition towards a circular business model. Some directions for further research have been outlined, as well.

High power nickel - cadmium cells with fiber electrodes (FNC)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haschka, F.; Schlieck, D.

1986-01-01

Nickel cadmium batteries differ greatly in their mechanical design and construction of the electrodes. Using available electrode constructions, batteries are designed which meet the requirements of specific applications and offer optimum performance. Pocket- and tubular cells are basically developed with the technology of the year 1895. Since then some improvements with todays technology have been made. The sintered cells use the technology of the 1930's and they are still limited to high power application. With this knowledge and the technology of today the fiber-structured nickel electrode (FNC) was developed at DAUG laboratory, a subsidiary company of Mercedes-Benz and Volkswagen. After ten years of experience in light weight prototype batteries for electric vehicles (1-2), the system was brought into production by a new company, DAUG-HOPPECKE. Characteristics of fiber electrodes: thickness and size can be easily changed; pure active materials are used; high conductor density; high elasticity of the structure; high porosity. Since 1983 NiCd-batteries with fiber-structured nickel electrodes (FNC) have been in production. Starting with the highly demanded cell-types for low, medium and high performance called L, M and H according to IEC 623 for low, medium and high performance applications, the program was recently completed with the X-type cell for very high power, as an alternative to sintered cells

France: freeing the block on auto Lpg

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1995-01-01

Can it be hoped, when business starts again this september, that the right conditions will finally exist for LPG motor car fuel in France to get off the ground ? In any case the context seems to lend itself to that end more so than in previous years. Perhaps because measures in favour of a tax incentive - tirelessly sought by the LPG industry with the backing of a large car manufacturer and the support of the 'technical' ministers - have met with powerful trends this time, backed up by public opinion worried at the levels of atmospheric pollution reached in July and August. Perhaps too because all the main players in the sector are ready to rise to the challenge: equipment suppliers offer new, high-performance materials, a manufacturer of Renault's declares itself convinced of the advantages of LPG fuel, while distributors of the product declare themselves ready to accompany tax exemption with an effort regarding tax-free pricing. As elected representatives and societies (one on behalf of the users of LPG, the other for the protection of the environment) have shown equally their support, the components are nearly all assembled. One should guard against premature optimism, however: only the draft finance law for 1996, presented in the Council of Ministers around the 20th September, will tell if the Finance ministry shows itself aware of the arguments put forward. (authors). 3 figs., 1 tab

How to avoid simulation sickness in virtual environments during user displacement

Science.gov (United States)

Kemeny, A.; Colombet, F.; Denoual, T.

2015-03-01

Driving simulation (DS) and Virtual Reality (VR) share the same technologies for visualization and 3D vision and may use the same technics for head movement tracking. They experience also similar difficulties when rendering the displacements of the observer in virtual environments, especially when these displacements are carried out using driver commands, including steering wheels, joysticks and nomad devices. High values for transport delay, the time lag between the action and the corresponding rendering cues and/or visual-vestibular conflict, due to the discrepancies perceived by the human visual and vestibular systems when driving or displacing using a control device, induces the so-called simulation sickness. While the visual transport delay can be efficiently reduced using high frequency frame rate, the visual-vestibular conflict is inherent to VR, when not using motion platforms. In order to study the impact of displacements on simulation sickness, we have tested various driving scenarios in Renault's 5-sided ultra-high resolution CAVE. First results indicate that low speed displacements with longitudinal and lateral accelerations under a given perception thresholds are well accepted by a large number of users and relatively high values are only accepted by experienced users and induce VR induced symptoms and effects (VRISE) for novice users, with a worst case scenario corresponding to rotational displacements. These results will be used for optimization technics at Arts et Métiers ParisTech for motion sickness reduction in virtual environments for industrial, research, educational or gaming applications.

Navigating the “paradox of openness” in energy and transport innovation: Insights from eight corporate clean technology research and development case studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sovacool, Benjamin K.; Jeppesen, Jakob; Bandsholm, Jesper; Asmussen, Joakim; Balachandran, Rakulan; Vestergaard, Simon; Andersen, Thomas Hauerslev; Sørensen, Thomas Klode; Bjørn-Thygesen, Frans

2017-01-01

Using an inductive case study approach drawn from original interview data, this article investigates the innovation approaches among a sample of international energy companies, or corporate firms. It first presents a conceptual framework synthesized from the business studies, entrepreneurship, evolutionary economics, innovation studies, management science, organization studies, political science, and sociology literature. This framework suggests that corporate approaches to clean technology innovation will cut across the four dimensions of organizational multiplicity and stakeholder involvement, information sharing, coordination and control, and market orientation. It then explores how eight firms—the Algal Carbon Conversion Flagship and Aurora Algae (biofuel), DONG and Statoil (carbon capture and storage), Tesla and Volkswagen (electric vehicles), and Siemens and Vestas (offshore wind turbines)—approach clean technology development with “open innovation” attributes mixed with “closed” attributes. Although the study finds striking similarities among the particular approaches embraced by each corporate actor, it also notes that approaches are technology and firm specific, and the potential for different permutations leads to an almost endless number of possible stylistic combinations. The innovation profiles depicted also reveal conflict and competition among various stakeholders, the implication being that corporate innovation in the energy sector remains a conflicted, disjointed, and messy process. - Highlights: • Corporate firms remain under-examined in the energy studies literature. • Corporate approaches to clean technology innovation cut across “open” and “closed” attributes. • The corporate innovation profiles depicted reveal elements of conflict and competition.

Comparative study of the blinking time between young adult and adult video display terminal users in indoor environment.

Science.gov (United States)

Schaefer, Tânia Mara Cunha; Schaefer, Arthur Rubens Cunha; Abib, Fernando Cesar; José, Newton Kara

2009-01-01

Investigate the average blinking time in conversation and in Video Display Terminal use of young adults and adults in the presbyopic age group. A transversal analytical study in a readily accessible sample consisting of Volkswagen do Brasil - Curitiba, Paraná employees was performed. The cohort group consisted of 108 subjects divided into two age groups: Group 1, the young adult group (age range 20-39): 77 employees, mean age of 30.09 +/- 5.09; Group 2, the presbyopic adult group, (age range 40-53): 31 employees, mean age of 44.17 +/- 3. Subjects under 18 years of age, with a history of ocular disorders, contact lens wearers and computer non-users were excluded. The subjects had their faces filmed for 10 minutes in conversation and VDT reading. Student's t-test was used and the statistical significance level was 95%. The average time between blinks in Group 1 for conversation and VDT reading was 5.16 +/- 1.83 and 10.42 +/- 7.78 seconds, respectively; in Group 2. 4,9 +/- 1.49 and 10.46 +/- 5.54 seconds. In both age groups, the time between blinks in VDT reading situations was higher (pgroups were compared (p>0.05). There was an increase in the blinking time between young adults and the presbyopic group in VDT use situations when compared with reading situations. The difference in the blinking frequency between young adults and the presbyopic group in VDT use and reading situations was not statistically significant.

Dual voltage power supply with 48 volt

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Froeschl, Joachim; Proebstle, Hartmut; Sirch, Ottmar [BMW Group, Muenchen (Germany)

2012-11-01

Automotive electrics/electronics have just reached a period of tremendous change. High voltage systems for Hybrid, Plug-In Hybrid or Battery Electric Vehicles with high power electric motors, high energy accumulators and electric climate compressors will be introduced in order to achieve the challenging targets for CO{sub 2} emissions and energy efficiency and to anticipate the mobility of the future. Additionally, innovations and the continuous increase of functionality for comfort, safety, driver assistance and infotainment systems require more and more electrical power of the vehicle power supply at all. On the one hand side electrified vehicles will certainly achieve a significant market share, on the other hand side they will increase the pressure to conventional vehicles with combustion engines for fuel consumption and CO{sub 2} emissions. These vehicles will be enabled to keep their competitiveness by new functions and the optimization of their electric systems. A dual voltage power supply with 48 Volt and 12 Volt will be one of the key technologies to realize these requirements. The power capability of the existing 12 Volt power supply has reached its limits. Further potentials can only be admitted by the introduction of 48 Volt. For this reason the car manufacturers Audi, BMW, Daimler, Porsche and Volkswagen started very early on this item and developed a common specification of the new voltage range. Now, it is necessary to identify the probable systems at this voltage range and to start the developments. (orig.)

An electric-powered vehicle with contactless battery loading from the grid; Un vehicule electrique alimente sans contact

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2009-07-01

In this short article the prototype of a 3.5 t pick-up vehicle with an electric drive by Numexia is described. Its unique feature is the contactless battery loading from the grid, by means of an electromagnetic coil located in the ground under the vehicle at the loading station. This technology has been developed at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland in the framework of an abandoned project named Swissmetro. (The aim of this project was to connect the main Swiss cities of Geneva, Lausanne, Berne, Lucerne, Zurich and St-Gallen by an underground fast train that would have needed about 12 minutes from one city to the next, i.e. for a distance of 60 to 100 km. Several innovative technologies were developed in the preliminary phase of the project.) The pick-up vehicle, a modified Renault Maxity, reaches 100 km/h. The electric motor power is 100 kW. LiFePO{sub 4} batteries are used to store energy. Reloading takes 30 minutes under optimum conditions. An energy management unit and a 33 kW auxiliary diesel-engine-powered generator are integrated. The pick-up is able to carry a useful load up to 1557 kg and to cover a distance of 100 km with one battery load, without using the auxiliary generator. This new propulsion system is thought to become a frequently used device in vehicles for urban transportation. Numexia intends to cooperate with big car manufacturers to build in its new drive into their vehicles.

Dynamic behavior of gasoline fuel cell electric vehicles

Science.gov (United States)

Mitchell, William; Bowers, Brian J.; Garnier, Christophe; Boudjemaa, Fabien

As we begin the 21st century, society is continuing efforts towards finding clean power sources and alternative forms of energy. In the automotive sector, reduction of pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions from the power plant is one of the main objectives of car manufacturers and innovative technologies are under active consideration to achieve this goal. One technology that has been proposed and vigorously pursued in the past decade is the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, an electrochemical device that reacts hydrogen with oxygen to produce water, electricity and heat. Since today there is no existing extensive hydrogen infrastructure and no commercially viable hydrogen storage technology for vehicles, there is a continuing debate as to how the hydrogen for these advanced vehicles will be supplied. In order to circumvent the above issues, power systems based on PEM fuel cells can employ an on-board fuel processor that has the ability to convert conventional fuels such as gasoline into hydrogen for the fuel cell. This option could thereby remove the fuel infrastructure and storage issues. However, for these fuel processor/fuel cell vehicles to be commercially successful, issues such as start time and transient response must be addressed. This paper discusses the role of transient response of the fuel processor power plant and how it relates to the battery sizing for a gasoline fuel cell vehicle. In addition, results of fuel processor testing from a current Renault/Nuvera Fuel Cells project are presented to show the progress in transient performance.

Special COP 21 - Stakes and actors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chauveau, Loic; Dupain, Julien; Descamps, Olivier; Blosseville, Thomas; Connors, Anne; Canto, Albane; Robischon, Christian; Boedec, Morgan; Tubiana, Fabian; Bomstein, Dominique

2015-01-01

A first set of article comments and discusses the various stakes and challenges of the 21. Conference of Parties (COP 21): the negotiation process which resulted in a synthesis which is to be signed by 95 States in Paris, the elaboration of an Agenda of solutions with the commitment of enterprises and local authorities, the issue of international financing as some promises remained not kept for the support to adaptation of developing countries. A second set of articles addresses the involved actors and their technological or economic challenges: the needed evolution of energy (electricity, heat, gas, fuel) producers away from fossil energies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the strategy of the French company Engie in the field of photovoltaic, wind and more generally renewable energies, innovating trends of decentralisation of energy production (offshore wind energy, hydrogen, plasma torch, flexible photovoltaic arrays, the wind tree, the floating wind turbine, new technologies for solar arrays), the perspectives for industrial sectors concerned by energy transition (with the example of Schneider Electric), emerging technologies (oil lamp, new boilers, desalination equipment, storage of wind energy, co-generation), developments and perspectives in the transport sector (example of Renault, new technologies for hybrid propulsion, bio-refineries, reduction of fuel consumption, hybrid aircraft, and heat management in railways) and in the building sector (new standards and applications, new building materials). A last article outlines the threat that climate can be for profitability and the taking of the carbon risk into account by the insurance and financial sectors

Evaluation of smartphone-based interaction techniques in a CAVE in the context of immersive digital project review

Science.gov (United States)

George, Paul; Kemeny, Andras; Colombet, Florent; Merienne, Frédéric; Chardonnet, Jean-Rémy; Thouvenin, Indira Mouttapa

2014-02-01

Immersive digital project reviews consist in using virtual reality (VR) as a tool for discussion between various stakeholders of a project. In the automotive industry, the digital car prototype model is the common thread that binds them. It is used during immersive digital project reviews between designers, engineers, ergonomists, etc. The digital mockup is also used to assess future car architecture, habitability or perceived quality requirements with the aim to reduce using physical mockups for optimized cost, delay and quality efficiency. Among the difficulties identified by the users, handling the mockup is a major one. Inspired by current uses of nomad devices (multi-touch gestures, IPhone UI look'n'feel and AR applications), we designed a navigation technique taking advantage of these popular input devices: Space scrolling allows moving around the mockup. In this paper, we present the results of a study we conducted on the usability and acceptability of the proposed smartphone-based interaction metaphor compared to traditional technique and we provide indications of the most efficient choices for different use-cases accordingly. It was carried out in a traditional 4-sided CAVE and its purpose is to assess a chosen set of interaction techniques to be implemented in Renault's new 5-sides 4K x 4K wall high performance CAVE. The proposed new metaphor using nomad devices is well accepted by novice VR users and future implementation should allow an efficient industrial use. Their use is an easy and user friendly alternative of the existing traditional control devices such as a joystick.

Comparative study of the blinking time between young adult and adult video display terminal users in indoor environment Estudo comparativo do tempo de piscadas entre adultos jovens e adultos usuários de monitor de microcomputador em ambiente climatizado

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tânia Mara Cunha Schaefer

2009-10-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Investigate the average blinking time in conversation and in Video Display Terminal use of young adults and adults in the presbyopic age group. METHODS: A transversal analytical study in a readily accessible sample consisting of Volkswagen do Brasil - Curitiba, Paraná employees was performed. The cohort group consisted of 108 subjects divided into two age groups: Group 1, the young adult group (age range 20-39: 77 employees, mean age of 30.09 ± 5.09; Group 2, the presbyopic adult group, (age range 40-53: 31 employees, mean age of 44.17 ± 3. Subjects under 18 years of age, with a history of ocular disorders, contact lens wearers and computer non-users were excluded. The subjects had their faces filmed for 10 minutes in conversation and VDT reading. Student's t-test was used and the statistical significance level was 95%. RESULTS: The average time between blinks in Group 1 for conversation and VDT reading was 5.16 ± 1.83 and 10.42 ± 7.78 seconds, respectively; in Group 2. 4,9 ± 1.49 and 10.46 ± 5.54 seconds. In both age groups, the time between blinks in VDT reading situations was higher (p0.05. CONCLUSION: There was an increase in the blinking time between young adults and the presbyopic group in VDT use situations when compared with reading situations. The difference in the blinking frequency between young adults and the presbyopic group in VDT use and reading situations was not statistically significant.OBJETIVOS: Investigar o intervalo entre as piscadas em adultos jovens e em présbitas, durante conversação e leitura no monitor do computador. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo transversal, analítico, em amostra prontamente acessível, composta por funcionários da Volkswagen do Brasil, em Curitiba (Paraná-Brasil. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos de acordo com a idade: grupo 1 (20-39 anos; grupo 2 (40-53 anos. Foram excluídos menores de 18 anos, portadores de doenças oculares, usuários de lentes de contato e não usu

[Population-based study of diabetic retinopathy in Wolfsburg].

Science.gov (United States)

Hesse, L; Grüsser, M; Hoffstadt, K; Jörgens, V; Hartmann, P; Kroll, P

2001-11-01

Since November 1997 the complete documentation of an ophthalmological examination of diabetics has been annually subsidized by the Volkswagen Corporation Health Maintenance Organization (VW-HMO). The results of an annual ophthalmological examination were recorded in a standardised history sheet developed by the Initiative Group for Early Detection of Diabetic Eye Diseases. These data included visual acuity, intraocular pressure, lens status and a description of fundus abnormalities. Within 26 months ophthalmological examinations of 2,801 patients were completed which represented 4.5% of all VW-HMO insured patients. On average, patients suffered from diabetes for 9.6 years (SD +/- 8.3), artificial intraocular lenses were present in 357 eyes (6.4%) and 1,216 eyes (12.0%) were diagnosed with cataract or posterior capsule opacification impairing visual acuity. Out of 263 patients younger than 40 years old, 18.8% had a mild or moderate and 3.3% a severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). A proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) was found in 2.2% of the younger patients. Of 2,228 patients aged 40 years and older, 11.9% had a mild or moderate and 2.6% a severe NPDR. In 0.9% of this group PDR was diagnosed. An annual ophthalmological screening based on a survey sheet of the Initiative Group was successfully introduced. For the first time a population-based evaluation on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was carried out for inhabitants of a German city. The prevalence of PDR was found to be lower than previously published in comparable studied.

The CO{sub 2} challenge. Aggressive downsizing for HSDI diesel - engine concept definition; Herausforderung CO{sub 2}. Aggessives Downsizing fuer HSDI-Diesel - Motorkonzeptdefinition

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sorger, Helfried; Howlett, Michael; Schnider, Wolfgang; Ausserhoffer, Norbert; Bartsch, Peter; Weissbaeck, Michael [AVL List GmbH, Graz (Austria); Soustelle, Olivier [Le Moteur Moderne, Palaiseau (France); Ragot, Patrick; Mallet, Philippe [Renault S.A.S., Rueil Malmaison (France)

2010-07-01

Against a background of consumer demand for low fuel consumption vehicles, as well as legislative pressure to reduce CO{sub 2} emissions, the automotive industry is currently developing solutions to significantly improve the efficiency of ICE-based powertrains. One answer to this challenge is the engine downsizing approach. A clear trend can be observed on the market already today: engines of 2.0L swept volume are replaced by engines with a size of about 1.6L. This paper describes the concept for an even more extreme downsizing approach for the next generation of powertrains by further reducing the engine size to 1.0L using a 3 cylinder concept with a specific power rating of 80 kW/L. AVL and Renault worked closely together to define a suitable diesel hybrid powertrain concept for EU6 emission limits. The consequences for the base engine design of such an aggressive downsizing approach were established by means of a design study supported by simulation. Key criteria for such a powertrain are to satisfy customer expectations for performance and driveability, as well as keep the NVH behaviour of the selected 3 cylinder engine configuration close to that of the traditional 4 cylinder engine reference base. The structural concept of this high power engine is based on a peak firing pressure limit of 190 bar. 2- and 4-valve per cylinder concepts are evaluated with regard to their effects on performance, emissions, fuel consumption and cost. The combustion- and EGR-system is defined with respect to EU6 emission compliance, taking into consideration DPF and NOx aftertreatment technologies. (orig.)

Intake of energy and nutrients. Euronut SENECA investigators.

Science.gov (United States)

Moreiras, O; van Staveren, W A; Cruz, J A; Nes, M; Lund-Larsen, K

1991-12-01

As part of the Euronut SENECA study, food consumption has been assessed in 1217 men and 1241 women, born between 1913 and 1918 and living in 18 towns in 12 European countries. The method used was a standardized modified dietary history, including a 3-day estimated record and a food frequency list based on local food patterns. Intakes of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, fatty acids, cholesterol and alcohol are described in this paper. As expected, a difference between men and women in energy and nutrient intake was observed in all towns. There was a great variation between towns in mean dietary intakes of all dietary components. Mean energy intake of men ranged from 12.7 MJ in Marki (Poland) to 8.2 MJ in Yverdon (Switzerland) and Chateau Renault-Amboise (France). For women the range was from 10.9 MJ in Marki (Poland) to 6.3 MJ in Yverdon (Switzerland) and Vila Franca de Xira (Portugal). A geographical pattern can be detected for the intake of fatty acids. Intakes of saturated fat were lower in southern than in northern European towns. The calculated ratio for intakes of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids (polyunsaturated fatty acids plus monounsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids) for all participants was higher in the southern European centres than in the northern centres and ranged from 2.7 in Markopoulo (Greece) to 1.2 in Elverum (Norway) and Marki (Poland). Alcohol consumption was considerable higher in men than in women. In men a north-south gradient in alcohol intake can be detected, with the highest intake in the two centres in Italy, where, on average 11% of energy intake was derived from alcohol.

Proceedings of the Prop'Elec 2000 colloquium. Advances of electric drive in urban transportation systems; Actes du colloque Prop'Elec 2000. Progres de la traction electrique dans les transports urbains

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

This document is the proceedings of Prop'Elec 2000 colloquium on the advances in electric power drive in urban transportation systems. The colloquium comprises 5 sessions dealing with: 1 - public collective electric-powered transportation system: synthesis of urban guided systems (C. Soulas, INRETS), the fast travelator (A. Cote, RATP), the power supply system of METEOR automatic underground railway (P. Lagrange, W. Seiler, RATP); 2 - electrical drive in urban transportation systems: start-up of a thermal engine with super-capacitors (D. Bouquain (CREEBEL), H. Gualous, A. Djerdir, A. Berthon, J.M. Kauffmann (L2ES, IGE)), The LEV (light weight electric vehicle) project in Mendrisio (U. Schwegler, LEV/Suisse), prototype of electrical bike that use a wheel-engine (C. Espanet, F. Gustin, J.M. Kauffmann (IGE), S. Robert, M. Karmous (EICN)), TWIL: a new generation of small electrical bikes (E. Escallot, T. Bontems (EPMI)), thermal and magnetic analysis of a rectilinear movement actuator (J.C. Vannier, M. Kadiri (SUPELEC)), torque undulation and vibrations in automobile electrical drives (A.L. Bui-Van (Renault), A. Fonseca (LEG)); 3 - collective electric-powered transportation systems: STARS: autonomous transportation system with flywheel charging at the station (P. Gibard (Alstom Transport), K. Abuda, J.M. Vinassa (IXL Bordeaux)), Translhor tramway: presentation of the drive system (L. Verdier, LHOR); 4 - electric-powered and hybrid vehicles: batteries for electric-powered vehicles (J.F. Fauvarque, CNAM), Li-ion batteries and their application in automotive industry (T. Faugeras, SAFT), optimized drive systems for electric-powered vehicles (J. Saint-Michel, Leroy Somer), the Citroen Xsara Dynactive (S. Derou, PSA), 5 - electric-powered and hybrid vehicles: the electrical car in tomorrows' city (M. Parent, INRIA), the market of electric-powered vehicles in France and Europe (M. Valet, PSA). (J.S.)

Proceedings of the Prop'Elec 2000 colloquium. Advances of electric drive in urban transportation systems; Actes du colloque Prop'Elec 2000. Progres de la traction electrique dans les transports urbains

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

This document is the proceedings of Prop'Elec 2000 colloquium on the advances in electric power drive in urban transportation systems. The colloquium comprises 5 sessions dealing with: 1 - public collective electric-powered transportation system: synthesis of urban guided systems (C. Soulas, INRETS), the fast travelator (A. Cote, RATP), the power supply system of METEOR automatic underground railway (P. Lagrange, W. Seiler, RATP); 2 - electrical drive in urban transportation systems: start-up of a thermal engine with super-capacitors (D. Bouquain (CREEBEL), H. Gualous, A. Djerdir, A. Berthon, J.M. Kauffmann (L2ES, IGE)), The LEV (light weight electric vehicle) project in Mendrisio (U. Schwegler, LEV/Suisse), prototype of electrical bike that use a wheel-engine (C. Espanet, F. Gustin, J.M. Kauffmann (IGE), S. Robert, M. Karmous (EICN)), TWIL: a new generation of small electrical bikes (E. Escallot, T. Bontems (EPMI)), thermal and magnetic analysis of a rectilinear movement actuator (J.C. Vannier, M. Kadiri (SUPELEC)), torque undulation and vibrations in automobile electrical drives (A.L. Bui-Van (Renault), A. Fonseca (LEG)); 3 - collective electric-powered transportation systems: STARS: autonomous transportation system with flywheel charging at the station (P. Gibard (Alstom Transport), K. Abuda, J.M. Vinassa (IXL Bordeaux)), Translhor tramway: presentation of the drive system (L. Verdier, LHOR); 4 - electric-powered and hybrid vehicles: batteries for electric-powered vehicles (J.F. Fauvarque, CNAM), Li-ion batteries and their application in automotive industry (T. Faugeras, SAFT), optimized drive systems for electric-powered vehicles (J. Saint-Michel, Leroy Somer), the Citroen Xsara Dynactive (S. Derou, PSA), 5 - electric-powered and hybrid vehicles: the electrical car in tomorrows' city (M. Parent, INRIA), the market of electric-powered vehicles in France and Europe (M. Valet, PSA). (J.S.)

Comparative study for "36 V" vehicle applications: advantages of lead-acid batteries

Science.gov (United States)

Lailler, Patrick; Sarrau, Jean-François; Sarrazin, Christian

From thermal engine equipped vehicles to completely electric ones, evolution of light weight vehicles in the future will take several steps in so far as there is no adequate battery or fuel cell presently available to power these vehicles for "on the road" driving. On the other hand, for city driving, vehicles can be improved a lot in terms of fuel efficiency as well as air pollution, if partly or totally electric propulsion can be developed, manufactured and marketed for appropriate applications. The 36-42 V battery is part of this orientation towards improving the efficiency of thermal vehicles in city driving, while keeping adequate autonomy on the roads. Actually, in city traffic, thermal engines are idle most of the time and stop periods represent a large part of the time spent "driving", using up fuel and polluting air for no use at all. The idea of stopping the engine during these periods, if appropriately managed, might potentially lead to a large improvement in fuel economy as well as air pollution reduction. The association of a higher voltage battery to an alternator-starter device in thermal vehicles, seems to be an interesting way towards that end. In this paper, we are presenting our results of a study we have just completed in relationship with RENAULT & VALEO, supported by the French Ministry of Industry, concerning a comparative evaluation of different automobile energy storage systems, and the definition of specifications as the final step of this study. The main conclusion is that lead-acid will still remain dominant in this role, since its operational cost versus efficiency is by far the lowest of every battery presently considered, more particularly in the less expensive car segments.

Carbon and prospective: international colloquium jointly organized by the prospective modeling chair and ETSAP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maizi, N.; Hourcade, J.Ch.; Selosse, S.

2009-01-01

The inauguration of the prospective modeling chair in favour of sustainable development is the result of the joint effort of several schools, organizations and companies, in particular: Mines ParisTech, Ponts ParisTech, Agro ParisTech, the higher education and research pole of ParisTech, the Ecole des Ponts foundation, the mineral, mining and metallurgic industries foundation (FI3M), with the partnership of Ademe, EdF, Renault, Schneider Electric and Total. The main goal of this chair is to perpetuate modeling tools with sustainable development stakes. The scientific program and the expertise of this chair are based on the joint and complementary experience of its two co-founder research teams in the domain of long-term prospective of energy, economy and environment-related questions: the applied mathematics centre (CMA - Mines ParisTech) and the international centre of environment and sustainable development research (CIRED). An inaugural colloquium was organized at the occasion of the launching of this chair. During round tables, representatives of the different intervening parties explained the stakes of this huge project and their expectations, in particular from the scientific, economical and societal point of view. A workshop on the topic 'carbon and prospective' followed the round tables. Six presentations were given about the following topics: energy policy scenarios for 2050 (Moncomble, J.E.), the shadow price of carbon (Chambolle T.), mitigation targets and carbon values: insights from TIMES-FR (Assoumou E.), climate protection and infrastructures (Sassi O.), China's energy and carbon options (Wenying C.), EU 20-20 policy implications on the energy system of Germany - an analysis with TIMES PanEU (Blesl M.). This book gathers the proceedings of both parts of this colloquium, the debates during the round tables (in French) and the presentations given during the workshop (in English). (J.S.)

Development of a finite element model of the human abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, J B; Yang, K H

2001-11-01

Currently, three-dimensional finite element models of the human body have been developed for frequently injured anatomical regions such as the brain, chest, extremities and pelvis. While a few models of the human body include the abdomen, these models have tended to oversimplify the complexity of the abdominal region. As the first step in understanding abdominal injuries via numerical methods, a 3D finite element model of a 50(th) percentile male human abdomen (WSUHAM) has been developed and validated against experimental data obtained from two sets of side impact tests and a series of frontal impact tests. The model includes a detailed representation of the liver, spleen, kidneys, spine, skin and major blood vessels. Hollow organs, such as the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, gallbladder, bile ducts, ureters, rectum and adrenal glands are grouped into three bodybags in order to provide realistic inertial properties and to maintain the position of the solid organs in their appropriate locations. Using direct connections, the model was joined superiorly to a partial model of the human thorax, and inferiorly to models of the human pelvis and the lower extremities that have been previously developed. Material properties for various tissues of the abdomen were derived from the literature. Data obtained in a series of cadaveric pendulum impact tests conducted at Wayne State University (WSU), a series of lateral drop tests conducted at Association Peugeot-Renault (APR) and a series of cadaveric lower abdomen frontal impact tests conducted at WSU were used to validate the model. Results predicted by the model match these experimental data for various impact speeds, impactor masses and drop heights. Further study is still needed in order to fully validate WSUHAM before it can be used to assess various impact loading conditions associated with vehicular crashes.

Global warming - Time to get things done

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cognasse, Olivier; Dumas, Arnaud; Dupin, Ludovic; Moragues, Manuel; Rouaud, Pierre-Olivier

2016-01-01

A set of articles is proposed just before the COP22 in Morocco. A first article comments the content of the Paris agreement signed at the end of the COP21, evokes some commitments adopted by various countries to play a role in the struggle against global warming, mentions the various institutional steps before the COP22 in Marrakech, and evokes the commitment of the private sector. A second article highlights that actors of the finance sector trend to take the climate risk always more into account in their investments: this can be noticed with the development of green bonds. Then, in an interview, Nicolas Hulot comments the challenges and stakes of the COP22, outlines that everything is still to be done regarding the struggle against global warming and the decrease of the use of fossil energies, comments political and social consequences, criticizes the behaviour and approach of industries, notably Monsanto, and concludes by the need of a new tax policy. The next article discusses the recent evolutions of energy mixes in different countries and at the World level: slow decrease of carbon share, issue of the importance of nuclear energy, impact of carbon price, development of wind and solar energy everywhere. The other articles concern Morocco. An article then comments the Moroccan energy policy which is characterized by massive investments in green energies even if fossil energies are still prevailing. These developments are financed through a performing system based on public-private partnership. An article addresses the project of rehabilitation of a landfill by Suez in Meknes, and another one a Renault-Nissan factory, near Tangier, where water recycling is remarkable. The last article proposes a brief overview of the development of public and urban transport in Morocco: electric buses, tramways, project of a TGV line

When your contract manufacturer becomes your competitor.

Science.gov (United States)

Arruñda, Benito; Vázquez, Xosé H

2006-09-01

PC maker Lenovo started out as a distributor of equipment made by IBM and other companies; now it has formed a joint venture with IBM and will eventually affix its own logo to its computers. Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation (SAIC) started out manufacturing vehicles for Volkswagen and GM; now it's preparing to sell its own cars in China, Europe, and North America. Lenovo and SAIC represent a host of formerly anonymous makers of brand-name products that are breaking out of their defined roles and pushing the brands themselves aside. In this article, the authors explore the double-edged relationships original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) forge with their contract manufacturers (CMs). On the one hand, an OEM can reduce its labor costs, free up capital, and improve worker productivity by outsourcing all the manufacturing of a product. The company can then concentrate on value-adding activities--research and development, product design, and marketing, for instance. On the other hand, an OEM that retains a contract manufacturer may find itself immersed in a melodrama replete with promiscuity (the ambitious CM pursues liaisons with other OEMs), infidelity (the OEM's retailers and distributors shift their business to the upstart CM), and betrayal (the brazen CM transmits the OEM's intellectual property to the OEM's rivals or keeps it for itself when the contract is up). OEMs cannot simply terminate their outsourcing arrangements--they need contract manufacturers in order to keep specializing, adding value, and staying competitive. But OEMs can manage these relationships so that they don't become weak or the CMs too strong. Doing so requires modesty about revealing trade secrets; caution about whom one consorts with; and a judicious degree of intimacy, loyalty, and generosity toward partners and customers.

Bayesian quantitative precipitation forecasts in terms of quantiles

Science.gov (United States)

Bentzien, Sabrina; Friederichs, Petra

2014-05-01

Ensemble prediction systems (EPS) for numerical weather predictions on the mesoscale are particularly developed to obtain probabilistic guidance for high impact weather. An EPS not only issues a deterministic future state of the atmosphere but a sample of possible future states. Ensemble postprocessing then translates such a sample of forecasts into probabilistic measures. This study focus on probabilistic quantitative precipitation forecasts in terms of quantiles. Quantiles are particular suitable to describe precipitation at various locations, since no assumption is required on the distribution of precipitation. The focus is on the prediction during high-impact events and related to the Volkswagen Stiftung funded project WEX-MOP (Mesoscale Weather Extremes - Theory, Spatial Modeling and Prediction). Quantile forecasts are derived from the raw ensemble and via quantile regression. Neighborhood method and time-lagging are effective tools to inexpensively increase the ensemble spread, which results in more reliable forecasts especially for extreme precipitation events. Since an EPS provides a large amount of potentially informative predictors, a variable selection is required in order to obtain a stable statistical model. A Bayesian formulation of quantile regression allows for inference about the selection of predictive covariates by the use of appropriate prior distributions. Moreover, the implementation of an additional process layer for the regression parameters accounts for spatial variations of the parameters. Bayesian quantile regression and its spatially adaptive extension is illustrated for the German-focused mesoscale weather prediction ensemble COSMO-DE-EPS, which runs (pre)operationally since December 2010 at the German Meteorological Service (DWD). Objective out-of-sample verification uses the quantile score (QS), a weighted absolute error between quantile forecasts and observations. The QS is a proper scoring function and can be decomposed into

Effect of photochemical ageing on the ice nucleation properties of diesel and wood burning particles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Chou

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A measurement campaign (IMBALANCE conducted in 2009 was aimed at characterizing the physical and chemical properties of freshly emitted and photochemically aged combustion particles emitted from a log wood burner and diesel vehicles: a EURO3 Opel Astra with a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC but no particle filter and a EURO2 Volkswagen Transporter TDI Syncro without emission aftertreatment. Ice nucleation experiments in the deposition and condensation freezing modes were conducted with the Portable Ice Nucleation Chamber (PINC at three nominal temperatures, −30 °C, −35 °C and −40 °C. Freshly emitted diesel particles showed ice formation only at −40 °C in the deposition mode at 137% relative humidity with respect to ice (RH_i and 92% relative humidity with respect to water (RH_w, and photochemical ageing did not play a role in modifying their ice nucleation behaviour. Only one diesel experiment where α-pinene was added for the ageing process, showed an ice nucleation enhancement at −35 °C. Wood burning particles also act as ice nuclei (IN at −40 °C in the deposition mode at the same conditions as for diesel particles and photochemical ageing also did not alter the ice formation properties of the wood burning particles. Unlike diesel particles, wood burning particles form ice via condensation freezing at −35 °C whereas no ice nucleation was observed at −30 °C. Photochemical ageing did not affect the ice nucleation ability of the diesel and wood burning particles at the three different temperatures investigated but a broader range of temperatures below −40 °C need to be investigated in order to draw an overall conclusion on the effect of photochemical ageing on deposition/condensation ice nucleation across the entire temperature range relevant to cold clouds.

Effect of ethanol fuel additive on diesel emissions.; TOPICAL

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cole, R. L.; Poola, R. B.; Sekar, R.; Schaus, J. E.; McPartlin, P.

2001-01-01

Engine-out emissions from a Volkswagen model TDI engine were measured for three different fuels: neat diesel fuel, a blend of diesel fuel and additives containing 10% ethanol, and a blend of diesel fuel and additives containing 15% ethanol. The test matrix covered five speeds from 1,320 to 3,000 rpm, five torques from 15 Nm to maximum plus the 900-rpm idle condition, and most of the points in the FTP-75 and US-06 vehicle tests. Emissions of particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NO(sub x)), unburned hydrocarbons (HCs), and carbon monoxide (CO) were measured at each point, as were fuel consumption, exhaust oxygen, and carbon dioxide output. PM emissions were reduced up to 75% when ethanol-diesel blends were used instead of neat diesel fuel. Significant reductions in PM emissions occurred over one-half to two-thirds of the test matrix. NO(sub x) emissions were reduced by up to 84%. Although the regions of reduced NO(sub x) emissions were much smaller than the regions of reduced PM emissions, there was considerable overlap between the two regions where PM emissions were reduced by up to 75% and NO(sub x) emissions were reduced by up to 84%. Such simultaneous reduction of both PM and NO(sub x) emissions would be difficult to achieve by any other means. HC and CO emissions were also reduced in the regions of reduced PM and NO(sub x) emissions that overlapped. Because the ethanol-diesel blends contain less energy on both a per-unit-mass basis and a per-unit-volume basis, there was a reduction in maximum torque of up to 10% and an increase in brake-specific fuel consumption of up to 7% when these blends were used

Savremeno naoružanje i vojna oprema za broj 4-2014/Modern weapons and military equipment for issue 4-2014

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mladen R. Tišma

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Nova radarska tehnologija za unapređeni RS PVD patriot PAC-3 MSE; Precizno vođena avio-bomba AASM debitovala na nefrancuskoj letelici; Pokrenut projekat novog latinoameričkog školskog aviona; Erbas planira osposobljavanje evrofajtera za protivbrodsku borbu; Kina planira izgradnju domaćeg nosača aviona do 2017. godine; Boing otkrio detalje o letelici fantom svift za program VTOL X-Plane; IOMAX nudi koncept lakog aviona arkeindžel; U planu „pojednostavljena“ verzija transportnog helikoptera NH90; Prototip helikoptera S-97 rejder bliže prvom letu; Ruski T-50 PAK-FA u fazi letnih ispitivanja sa naoružanjem; Laki prenosni raketni sistem za PVD verba ušao u naoružanje ruskih padobranaca; Iran lansirao novu verziju rakete nazeat; Reno predstavio demonstrator vozila 6x6 pod oznakom BMX-01; Izraelski IWI nudi novu snajpersku pušku dan .338; Kolt prikazao jurišnu pušku CK901; Nosač aviona „Vikramaditja“ uveden u naoružanje indijske mornarice; Patrolni brod Mornarice Vojske Crne Gore „Kotor“ ponovo plovi. / New radar technology for enhanced air defence missile system Patriot PAC-3 MSE; Precision-guided air bomb AASM debuted on non-French aircraft; Project for the new Latin American training aircraft; Airbus plans to give Eurofighter maritime strike capability; China plans to build domestic carriers by 2017; Boeing revealed details about Phantom Swift for VTOL X-Plane; Iomax offers the concept of a light aircraft Arckangel; "Simplified" version of the NH90 transport helicopter planned; A prototype S-97 helicopter Raider closer to first flight; Russian T-50 PAK-FA in the phase of weapons flight tests; MANPADS Verba entered service with of Russian paratroopers; Iran launched a new version of the Nazeat rocket; Renault presented demonstrator vehicles 6x6 under the designation BMX-01; Israeli IWI offers a new sniper rifle Day .338; Colt showed assault rifle CK901; Aircraft carrier "Vikramaditya" commisioned with the Indian Navy; The

Fronts, meanders and eddies in Drake Passage during the ANT-XXIII/3 cruise in January-February 2006: A satellite perspective

Science.gov (United States)

Barré, Nicolas; Provost, Christine; Renault, Alice; Sennéchael, Nathalie

2011-12-01

We used satellite altimetric data to provide a context for the results of the ANT-XXIII/3 cruise in January-February 2006 both in time (16 years) and space (the whole of Drake Passage). The repeat of the hydrographical section within 3 weeks permitted different comparisons between the in-situ datasets and the satellite data products. Comparisons suggested that the multi-satellite product improved the temporal resolution on a Jason-1 track. A detailed analysis of the four absolute dynamic topography maps contemporaneous with the ANT-XXIII/3 cruise permitted identification of the location of the frontal branches of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, of the major meanders and eddies. This spatial context proved particularly valuable for the interpretation of the in-situ data (see companion papers of Provost et al., 2011; Renault et al., 2011; Sudre et al., 2011). The altimetric time-series documented the long-term trends in sea-surface height, the recurrence of major frontal meanders and eddies and the statistical links between them. Negative trends in the Yaghan Basin indicated that both the Subantarctic Front and the Polar Front have shifted to the north of their climatological location. This northward shift in the Yaghan Basin contrasts with the large-scale southward shift in the Polar Front current core described in the literature, and is probably related to the local bottom topography in Drake Passage. Sea-level anomaly patterns observed during the cruise were related to statistical modes of the corresponding variations in Drake Passage. For example, the southward meander of the Subantarctic Front at the entrance to Drake Passage was part of a dipole comprising an adjacent Polar Front meander and occurred with a close to annual periodicity. A census of eddies in the Ona Basin revealed that the spatial distribution of anticyclonic eddies was consistent with generation from a meander of the Polar and Southern ACC Fronts over the Ona Seafloor Depression, while

DIAGNÓSTICO DE LAS CONDICIONES Y ORGANIZACIÓN DEL TRABAJO EN LAS UNIDADES DE PRODUCCIÓN, PECUARIA– ESPAM MFL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Grether Lucía Real Pérez

2014-12-01

Full Text Available La investigación tuvo como objetivo diagnosticar las condiciones y organización del trabajo en las unidades de docencia, investigación y vinculación de la carrera Pecuaria de la ESPAM MFL. Se fundamentó en la aplicación de dos procedimientos que fueron diseñados a partir de la investigación bibliográfica y análisis crítico de los métodos ergonómicos LEST y RENAULT. En el caso de las condiciones de trabajo se aplicó un cuestionario para la valoración de la gestión preventiva, determinando que el 62 % de los operarios si conocen y reciben información sobre los riesgos a los que están expuestos, además de los utensilios y formas de prevención; también se evaluó las condiciones de trabajo, estableciendo un índice de cumplimiento de 0.46 que significa situación intermedia. Respecto a la organización del trabajo se aplicó un cuestionario general reflejando que el índice de cumplimiento en los métodos de trabajo es de 0.91 situación favorable; y el régimen de trabajo y descanso es de 0.66 situación intermedia; este último valor conllevó a emplear una encuesta específica donde se identificó falencias sobre los requisitos de seguridad y salud laboral, distribución de los tiempos de trabajo y rotación en los puestos. Como respuesta a los factores negativos detectados se propuso los respectivos programas de mejora; concluyendo que con el empleo efectivo del programa de mejoras se contribuyó a elevar la calidad de vida laboral de los trabajadores(as de las unidades estudiadas; permitiendo además la elaboración de un manual técnico que puede ser utilizado por cualquier empresa o institución.

Le dispositif d'ajustement de comportements entre économie "de marché" et économie "d'organisation" : le cas de la supply chain automobile au Maroc : étude des sites SOMACA et RENAULT-Tanger

OpenAIRE

Ait El Kadi , Mohamed

2016-01-01

Nowadays, a firm cannot meet its customers' requirements alone. It needs to rely on its Supply Chain : its providers, the providers of its providers, and the distributors.In this framework, the literature highlights the actors’ proneness to align their behaviors and to opt for a global behavior that integrates physical, informational and managerial characteristics. The purpose of this research is to understand by which coordination instruments does this postulate is carried out? On the other ...

Automobile with fuel cell and supercapacitor drive; Personenwagen mit Brennstoffzellen und Supercap-Antrieb - Schlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dietrich, Ph.

2002-12-15

In a Volkswagen BORA a power train has been realized, which includes a fuel cell system consisting of 6 stacks of 8 kW electrical power output each, an electrical storage device made of 282 supercap cells storing 360 Wh of electrical energy, a DC/DC converter and an electric motor which delivers up to 75 kW. The power distribution between supercaps and fuel cell is managed by an energy management device, which optimizes the distribution taking the actual operation points into account. The fuel cell system operates in a wide range with an efficiency higher than 40%. The power train has been integrated in a five seat car. This car named HY.POWER{sup R}, realized as technology platform, drove over the Simplon pass (elevation 2000 m over sea level) on 16 January 2002. This test drive proved the maturity of this concept to drive using this technology on public roads and that also severe operating conditions can be handled successfully. The key aspects of that concepts are the new manufacturing process of the bipolar plates for the fuel cells, the system configuration of the fuel cell system and the enhanced energy density of the supercap cells. The combination of a fuel cell system and of a supercap storage device, together with the integration of the DC/DC converter lead to a new power train concept. The consumption in the NEDC is equal to the energy of 5-6 l gasoline, which is quite impressive if it is remembered that the car has an empty mass of nearly 2000 kg. The HY.POWER{sup R} has been used heavily for the communication of the new technology to the public. The first event was the test drive across the Simplon pass. The main other events was the international auto motor show in Geneva in March 2002 and the presentation of the vehicle at the Earth Summit in Johannesburg in September 2002. (author)

Carbon Fiber Composite Materials for Automotive Applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Norris, Jr., Robert E. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Mainka, Hendrik [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

2017-06-01

Volkswagen (VW) is internationally recognized for quantity and quality of world-wide vehicle production and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is internationally recognized in materials research and development. With automotive production ramping up in the recently constructed VW Group of America facility in Chattanooga, Tennessee, ORNL and VW initiated discussions in 2012 concerning opportunities for collaboration around ORNL’s carbon fiber and composites programs. ORNL is conducting an internationally recognized program to develop and implement lower cost carbon fibers and composites for automotive and other “energy missions” for the US Department of Energy. Significant effort is ongoing in selecting, developing, and evaluating alternative precursors, developing and demonstrating advanced conversion techniques, and developing and tailoring surface treatment, sizings, and formatting fiber for specific composite matrices and end-use applications. ORNL already had North America’s most comprehensive suite of tools for carbon fiber research and development and established a semiproduction demonstration line referred to as the Carbon Fiber Technology Facility (CFTF) to facilitate implementation of low cost carbon fiber (LCCF) approaches in early 2013. ORNL and VW agreed to collaborate in a formal Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (NFE-12-03992) specifically focused on evaluating applicability of low cost carbon fiber products for potential vehicle components. The goal of the work outlined in this report was to develop and qualify uses for carbon fiber-reinforced structures in connection with civilian ground transportation. Significant progress was achieved in evaluating and understanding lignin-based precursor materials; however, availability of carbon fiber converted from lignin precursor combined with logistical issues associated with the Visa limitations for the VW participant resulted in significantly shortening of the collaboration

Interpretation of driving environments for driver assistance systems; Interpretation von Fahrumgebungen fuer Fahrerassistenzsysteme

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weiss, K.

2007-07-01

A prototype vehicle was equipped with laser scanners, radar and vision sensors by the electronic research department of Volkswagen AG for the perception of the vehicle's surroundings. The data of these sensors and of the vehicle's sensors are fused together by the means of an extended kalman filter into a common description of the vehicle's surroundings, which is here called environmental model. This model is a complex representation of the environment and contains information about one's own vehicle, other vehicles and other environmental objects as wells as the road. The system for the environmental perception is aimed at founding an information base for future driver assistance systems, which are developed to assist the driver in its driving tasks. This thesis deals with the interpretation of the fused environmental data. The maneuvers of one's own vehicle and of the other vehicles as well as their relations between each other are classified. This performs the step from the pure captation of the environmental data to an assessment of the current traffic situation. The relations between the environmental objects are described by an integrated consideration of the states of one's own vehicle, the environmental objects and the road. The maneuvers and the driving states are derived from the estimated states or innovations of the kalman filter, or they are determined by the means of multiple hypothesis methods or multiple model filters. The result of the interpretation is the detection of the maneuvers of one's own vehicle and the other vehicles, the relations between one's own vehicle and the other vehicles are classified and their threat in relation to one's own vehicle are assessed. Detected lane change maneuvers are used for the prediction of the traffic situation. The algorithms of the interpretation are integrated into the environmental perception system of the prototype vehicle and are verified with real measured

People and things. CERN Courier, January-February 1981, v. 21(1)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1981-01-01

The article reports on achievements of various people, staff changes and position opportunities within the CERN organization and contains news updates on upcoming or past events; CERN elections and appointments; Collaboration agreement between Italian IN FN and the Sinic Academy of Sciences. In 1979, the CERN Committee of Council invited Armin Hermann of the University of Stuttgart to carry out a feasibility study, financed by the Volkswagen Foundation, on the writing of a history of CERN. On the basis of its findings, and a recdmmendation of the CERN History Advisory Committee, the Committee of Council has now authorized the history study which will be carried out by three European Science historians, led by Professor Hermann based at CERN. A few years ago the National Norwegian CERN Committee proposed that CERN might open its doors also to visitors from technical fields in the Member States. The idea is that visitors spending up to a year working in a CERN group, which is doing some front-line work in a technological field, will benefit personally and will carry further expertise back to the home country. A two-day workshop was held at Cornell in November to introduce the high energy physics community to the design of Q new 50 GeV electron- positron storage ring aimed at neutral intermediate boson physics. A very thorough polarization experiment for the direct determination of the amplitude in proton-proton elastic scattering has been carried out at the SIN cyclotron. A workshop is being held at DESY on 10-11 February to discuss the physics with the 2x5 GeV electronpositron DORIS storage ring and potential DORIS improvements; As an appropriate 'Goodwill to all men' message in this first issue of the New Year we reproduce the guidelines proposed by the International Committee for Future Accelerators for the 'interregional utilization of major regional experimental facilities for high energy particle physics research'

Structure-From for Calibration of a Vehicle Camera System with Non-Overlapping Fields-Of in AN Urban Environment

Science.gov (United States)

Hanel, A.; Stilla, U.

2017-05-01

Vehicle environment cameras observing traffic participants in the area around a car and interior cameras observing the car driver are important data sources for driver intention recognition algorithms. To combine information from both camera groups, a camera system calibration can be performed. Typically, there is no overlapping field-of-view between environment and interior cameras. Often no marked reference points are available in environments, which are a large enough to cover a car for the system calibration. In this contribution, a calibration method for a vehicle camera system with non-overlapping camera groups in an urban environment is described. A-priori images of an urban calibration environment taken with an external camera are processed with the structure-frommotion method to obtain an environment point cloud. Images of the vehicle interior, taken also with an external camera, are processed to obtain an interior point cloud. Both point clouds are tied to each other with images of both image sets showing the same real-world objects. The point clouds are transformed into a self-defined vehicle coordinate system describing the vehicle movement. On demand, videos can be recorded with the vehicle cameras in a calibration drive. Poses of vehicle environment cameras and interior cameras are estimated separately using ground control points from the respective point cloud. All poses of a vehicle camera estimated for different video frames are optimized in a bundle adjustment. In an experiment, a point cloud is created from images of an underground car park, as well as a point cloud of the interior of a Volkswagen test car is created. Videos of two environment and one interior cameras are recorded. Results show, that the vehicle camera poses are estimated successfully especially when the car is not moving. Position standard deviations in the centimeter range can be achieved for all vehicle cameras. Relative distances between the vehicle cameras deviate between

The best selled car. ''Twizy'' leads the sales statistics of electrically powered vehicles - a test report; Der Meistverkaufte. Renaults ''Twizy'' fuehrt die E-Mobil-Verkaufsstatistik an - ein Fahrbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Welter, Philippe

2013-02-15

Four wheels, two seats, one steering wheel: What does it require more for a small, electrically powered city car? Nothing, says the manufacturer. Two side windows, that is our opinion. With a maximum speed of 80 kilometers per hour and a range of 100 kilometers, the vehicle is certainly ideal for many applications over short distances in the city. PHOTON now uses the ''Twizy'' for almost a year, and gained consistently good experiences.

Analyse de la sensibilité aux paramètres gazoles d'un moteur diesel d'automobile à injection directe Small Direct Injection Diesel Engine Sensitivity to the Diesel Fuel Characteristics

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Montagne X.

2006-12-01

Full Text Available L'étude présentée a été réalisée dans le cadre du GMCL (Groupement Moteur Carburant Lubrifiant, organisme qui réunit des constructeurs d'automobiles, des raffineurs et des additiveurs, avec l'objectif d'examiner la sensibilité d'un moteur Diesel à injection directe d'automobile aux paramètres du gazole. Les partenaires de cette étude sont Elf, IFP, Octel, PSA, Renault et Total. Parmi les solutions technologiques permettant de disposer de convertisseurs d'énergie assurant de faibles niveaux d'émissions de polluants et de consommation, le moteur Diesel se place naturellement en bonne position. Dans ce contexte, on enregistre aujourd'hui l'émergence du moteur Diesel à injection directe pour les véhicules légers en raison de ses performances, notamment en regard de la consommation. Toutefois, cette technologie nécessite une technique d'injection performante, associée à la gestion électronique, demande de l'EGR et un catalyseur d'oxydation afin de régler les problèmes d'émissions polluantes et sonores. Il est donc de première importance de cerner avec précision la sensibilité du moteur Diesel à injection directe aux paramètres carburants afin de tirer le meilleur profit de cette technologie. À partir d'un ensemble de gazoles formulés pour faire varier la composition chimique, l'indice de cétane et la densité, un moteur Audi à injection directe de type 1Z a été testé au banc, dans des conditions standard de réglage (avance à l'injection et taux de gaz recyclés. Cet ensemble de résultats a ainsi permis de démontrer que l'accroissement de l'indice de cétane, la réduction de la densité et de la teneur en polyaromatiques ont une influence positive sensible sur les émissions de CO, d'hydrocarbures imbrûlés, des VOF. En ce qui concerne les émissions de particules, l'indice de cétane semble avoir une influence négative sur la fraction sèche dans certaines conditions. De plus, il apparaît que les

Cycle for innovative nuclear Gen 4. systems=

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

In the framework of the development of nuclear systems of the 4. generation, the preliminary and schematic reprocessing goals are a cleaning of fission products without a priori separation of the different actinides. The objective of the workshop is to exchange information about the potential efficiency of innovative fuel processing treatments in order to evaluate the impact of impurities on the design of the fuel during its re-fabrication and re-introduction inside the reactor, and on the materials and systems. This document gathers the slides of the 18 presentations given at this workshop: 1 - from the PWR fuel to the closed cycle fast spectrum concepts of generation 4 systems (P. Anzieu, F. Carre, Ph. Brossard, M. Delpech); 2 - the double strata scenarios: objectives and characteristics (S. David and F. Varaine); 3 - why a molten salts thorium file (D. Heuer); 4 - the common 'molten salts' research program of the CNRS (D. Heuer, S. Sanchez); 5 - the hydro-metallurgical reprocessing, the knowledge gained and the statuses of the 5. PCRD, synthesis of the OECD works (C. Madic); 6 - pyro-chemistry: Pyropep status (H. Boussier); 7 - technological bolts identified during the Most project of the 5. PCRD (C. Renault, Ch. Le Brun, M. Delpech and C. Garzenne); 8 - the molten salt reactor concept and its reprocessing options, expected efficiencies (L. Mathieu); 9 - methodology of evaluation of pyro-chemical fuel reprocessing schemes (H. Boussier); 10 - molten salt reactor, design-aided tools for the reactor and the reprocessing plant (O. Gastaldi, E. Walle, O. Koberl, D. Lecarpentier); 11 - status of CEA's prospective studies for the front-end of the fuel reprocessing process/dry ways (S. Bourg); 12 - results of activity coefficient measurements in liquid metals (J. Finne, E. Walle, G. Picard, S. Sanchez and O. Conocar); 13 - potentialities of electrolytic separation and liquid-liquid extraction processes (molten salts/molten metal) for the multi-recycling of actinides (J

A 3-day regimen with azithromycin 1.5% eyedrops for the treatment of purulent bacterial conjunctivitis in children: efficacy on clinical signs and impact on the burden of illness

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bremond-Gignac D

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Dominique Bremond-Gignac,1,2 Riadh Messaoud,3 Sihem Lazreg,4 Claude Speeg-Schatz,5 Didier Renault,6 Frédéric Chiambaretta7,8 On behalf of the Azithromycin Pediatric Study Group 1Ophthalmology Department, Centre St Victor, University Hospital of Amiens, Picardie Jules Verne University, Amiens, France; 2CNRS FR3636, Paris V University, France; 3Ophthalmology Department, Tahar Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia; 4Dar El Beida, Blida, Algeria; 5Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; 6Laboratoires THÉA, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 7Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Gabriel Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 8EA 7281 R2D2, Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France Purpose: To compare the efficacy of azithromycin 1.5% versus tobramycin 0.3% eyedrops on clinical ocular signs and symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis in children and to assess the parents’ satisfaction regarding the dosing regimen.Patients and methods: An international, multicenter, randomized, investigator-masked, controlled clinical trial conducted in children (1 day to 18 years old with bulbar conjunctival hyperemia and purulent discharge. Azithromycin 1.5% was administered as 1 drop twice daily for 3 days, and tobramycin 0.3% as 1 drop every 2 hours for 2 days, then 4 times daily for 5 days.Results: A total of 286 patients (mean age: 3.2 years were enrolled. In children with bacteriologically positive cultures (N=203, azithromycin produced a significantly greater improvement in conjunctival discharge (P<0.01 and a trend (P=0.054 toward improvement in conjunctival hyperemia at day 7 than did tobramycin. Complete resolution of conjunctival discharge was significantly more frequent at day 3 on azithromycin than tobramycin (P=0.005. More parents found azithromycin easier to use (in terms of treatment duration, total number of instillations, instilling drops during the day, and difficulty in

BRANDING LABORAL UN FACTOR CONSIDERADO PARA LA ATRACCIÓN Y RETENCIÓN DE PERSONAL EN CELAYA GUANAJUATO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dolores Guadalupe Álvarez Orozco

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Guanajuato a partir del 2013 sufre un cambio drástico con respecto a su mercado laboral, en menos de 4 años se han instalado en el estado las armadoras de automóviles: Honda se encuentra ubicada en la ciudad de Celaya, Mazda en Salamanca y en proceso de instalación la Toyota, además esta próxima la llegada de Ford, adicionalmente el estado ya contaba con General Moteros y Volkswagen, estas organizaciones se encuentran situadas muy cerca de la ciudad de Celaya, por lo cual las empresas proveedoras también se han instalado en esta zona, la competencia por el personal capacitado ha desatado una lucha por la retención y la atracción de empleados competentes. Una de las principales problemáticas que refieren los empleadores, es la escases de talento, aunque existe un bono poblacional de jóvenes, de acuerdo a Manpower group (2015 es necesario competir con otras organizaciones para atraer y retener a los mejores candidatos; saber ¿cuáles son los factores que motivan a los candidatos para mostrar interés en trabajar en una organización en específico?, es vital para guiar las estrategias de atracción y retención del capital humano en las organizaciones, este trabajo presenta los resultados de la etapa cualitativa de una investigación, la cual tiene por objetivo identificar las características con las que debe contar un branding laboral en la ciudad de Celaya para ser una organización atractiva de acuerdo a la opinión de estudiantes universitarios. La metodología implementada está fundamentada en una epistemología hermenéutica con una perspectiva del desarrollo de la teoría ya que busca comprender el fenómeno, consta de un enfoque cualitativo con un alcance explicativo, con base en un marco referencial de teoría fundamentada. Los resultados del análisis sugieren que el branding laboral para los universitarios, debe considerar conceptos como Buen salario y prestaciones, propiciador del desarrollo laboral y personal, pero sobre

Utilisation des huiles végétales et de leurs produits de transestérification comme carburants Diesel Use of Vegetable Oils and Their Transesterification Products As Diesel Fuels

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gateau P.

2006-11-01

Full Text Available L'utilisation d'huiles végétales et de leurs dérivés comme carburants Diesel a fait l'objet, depuis 1981, de plusieurs études financées par l'Agence Française pour la Maîtrise de l'Energie (AFME et réalisées par l'institut Français du Pétrole (lFP en collaboration avec Elf Renault, le Centre d'Etudes et d'Expérimentation du Machinisme Agricole Tropical (CEEMAT et l'institut de Recherches pour les Huiles et Oléagineux (IRHO. Ce document rassemble les résultats obtenus au banc d'essai sur plusieurs types de moteurs représentant un assez large éventail d'applications, depuis le motoculteur utilisé en agriculture africaine jusqu'au moteur classique de tracteur ou de camion. Deux types de produits ont été examinés : les huiles végétales elles-mêmes employées pures ou en mélange au gazole, et les esters méthyliques de ces huiles utilisés tels quels. Lors d'un fonctionnement de courte durée les huiles aussi bien que les esters conduisent globalement à un fonctionnement satisfaisant du moteur; les pertes de performances par rapport au gazole restent modérées voire imperceptibles. Les seuls problèmes dans ce cas concernent la mise en oeuvre, difficile avec les huiles en raison de leur très forte viscosité, beaucoup plus aisée avec les esters. En endurance, l'inconvénient majeur des huiles végétales et de leurs dérivés concerne la formation de dépôts au nez des injecteurs. Sur les moteurs rustiques à préchambre (type Hatz ce phénomène reste limité puisqu'il a été possible de conduire, sans incident, un ensemble d'essais d'endurance de 1100 h avec différents types d'huiles pures (arachide, coton, palme. Sur les moteurs à Injection directe la formation de dépôts constitue une très sérieuse contrainte puisqu'elle conduit pratiquement à proscrire l'utilisation d'huiles même en mélange (25 ou 50 % dans le gazole. Les esters peuvent alors être proposés à condition qu'un certain nombre de pr

Система корпоративных стандартов как основа организационной культуры компании

OpenAIRE

АКСАКОВА Н.В.

2009-01-01

Компания «КЛЮЧАВТО» официальный дилер ведущих автомобильных марок Mercedes-Benz, Lexus, Toyota, Hyundai, Mitsubishi, Renault и EvoBus на юге России. Менее чем за пять лет своей работы, следуя стандартам послепродажной деятельности мировых лидеров автомобильной промышленности, в компании разработали и внедрили собственную систему внутренних корпоративных стандартов, которая охватывает всех работников компании вне зависимости от занимаемой должности и исполняемых обязанностей и позволяет точно ...

Cycle for innovative nuclear Gen 4. systems=; Cycle des systemes du futur

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

In the framework of the development of nuclear systems of the 4. generation, the preliminary and schematic reprocessing goals are a cleaning of fission products without a priori separation of the different actinides. The objective of the workshop is to exchange information about the potential efficiency of innovative fuel processing treatments in order to evaluate the impact of impurities on the design of the fuel during its re-fabrication and re-introduction inside the reactor, and on the materials and systems. This document gathers the slides of the 18 presentations given at this workshop: 1 - from the PWR fuel to the closed cycle fast spectrum concepts of generation 4 systems (P. Anzieu, F. Carre, Ph. Brossard, M. Delpech); 2 - the double strata scenarios: objectives and characteristics (S. David and F. Varaine); 3 - why a molten salts thorium file (D. Heuer); 4 - the common 'molten salts' research program of the CNRS (D. Heuer, S. Sanchez); 5 - the hydro-metallurgical reprocessing, the knowledge gained and the statuses of the 5. PCRD, synthesis of the OECD works (C. Madic); 6 - pyro-chemistry: Pyropep status (H. Boussier); 7 - technological bolts identified during the Most project of the 5. PCRD (C. Renault, Ch. Le Brun, M. Delpech and C. Garzenne); 8 - the molten salt reactor concept and its reprocessing options, expected efficiencies (L. Mathieu); 9 - methodology of evaluation of pyro-chemical fuel reprocessing schemes (H. Boussier); 10 - molten salt reactor, design-aided tools for the reactor and the reprocessing plant (O. Gastaldi, E. Walle, O. Koberl, D. Lecarpentier); 11 - status of CEA's prospective studies for the front-end of the fuel reprocessing process/dry ways (S. Bourg); 12 - results of activity coefficient measurements in liquid metals (J. Finne, E. Walle, G. Picard, S. Sanchez and O. Conocar); 13 - potentialities of electrolytic separation and liquid-liquid extraction processes (molten salts/molten metal) for the multi

Experimental study of biogas combustion in an HCCI engine for power generation with high indicated efficiency and ultra-low NOx emissions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bedoya, Iván D.; Saxena, Samveg; Cadavid, Francisco J.; Dibble, Robert W.; Wissink, Martin

2012-01-01

Highlights: ► In this paper, we study biogas combustion in an HCCI engine operating at 1800 rpm. ► At low loads, slight changes in inlet conditions strongly affect cyclic variations. ► At high loads, slight changes in inlet conditions strongly affect ringing intensity. ► Indicated efficiency at high loads is close to 45% and IMEP g is close to 7.5 bar. ► NO x emissions are below the US-2010 limit of 0.27 g/kW h. - Abstract: Combustion parameters and the main exhaust emissions from a biogas fueled HCCI engine are investigated in this study. The study was conducted on a 4-cylinder, 1.9L Volkswagen TDI Diesel engine, which was modified to run in HCCI mode with biogas by means of inlet charge temperature control, boosted intake pressure, and a sonic flow device upstream of the inlet manifold to control biogas composition and the equivalence ratio. For simulating typical power generation conditions, the engine was coupled to an AC motor generator operating at 1800 rpm. In the startup process, gasoline was used in HCCI mode for all cylinders. During the tests, biogas was used in cylinders 2 and 3, and gasoline was used in cylinders 1 and 4 to allow for more stable engine coolant and oil temperatures. The tests were performed through an experimental factorial design to evaluate the effect of inlet charge temperature, boost pressures, and the equivalence ratio of the biogas–air mixture on HCCI combustion parameters and emissions. For biogas at lower equivalence ratios, slight increases in inlet charge temperature and boost pressures enhanced combustion parameters and reduced CO and HC emissions. For biogas at higher equivalence ratios, the effects of inlet charge conditions on HCCI combustion and CO and HC emissions were attenuated; however, ringing intensities and NO x emissions were increased with higher inlet charge temperature and higher boosted pressures. The maximum gross indicated mean effective pressure was 7.4 bar, the maximum gross indicated

Trends in Hydrogen Vehicles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hoevenaars, A.J.; Weeda, M. [ECN Hydrogen and Clean Fossil Fuels, Petten (Netherlands)

2009-09-15

This report intends to provide an update of the latest developments that have recently occurred within car industry within the field of Hydrogen powered fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) to date, October 2009. In attempts to provide a clear and logical overview, the report starts with an overview of the OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers) that are actually active within the Hydrogen vehicle business, and provides an overview of the intensity of FCV activity per OEM. This overview shows that there is a pool of distinctively most active OEMs, and that others have tried to create exposure for themselves, but have not seriously been involved in in-house technology development in support of FCV manufacturing. Furthermore, some manufacturers chose a different path when it comes to using hydrogen for vehicle propulsion and use Hydrogen gas as a fuel for a conventional Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). In the field of FCVs, Most FCV activities are displayed by Honda, Daimler, Opel/GM, Hyundai/Kia, Toyota, Nissan and Ford. Volkswagen has given less priority to FCV development and has not been profiling itself as a very Hydrogen-prone OEM. Mazda and BMW chose to put their efforts in the development of Hydrogen fuelled ICE vehicles. Also Ford has put efforts in Hydrogen fuelled ICE vehicles. After the active OEMs are mapped, an overview is given on how active they have been in terms of cars produced. It appeared difficult to come up with reliable estimations on the basis of numbers available for public. The sum of vehicles produced by all OEMs together was estimated on about 515 vehicles. This estimation however was much lower than the figures published by Fuel Cell Today (FCT). FCT projects accumulated vehicles shipped in 2009 around 1100 units, the double of the numbers found for this study. Communication with FCT learned us that FCT has access to confidential information from the OEMs. Especially the Asian OEMs do not provide transparency when it comes to FCVs shipped, however

Characteristics and Impacts of the severe Hailstorm on 28 July 2013

Science.gov (United States)

Kunz, Michael; Jürgen Punge, Heinz; Fluck, Elody; Schmidberger, Manuel; Blahak, Ulrich; Handwerker, Jan; Mohr, Susanna; Mühr, Bernhard

2015-04-01

On 27/28 July, two severe supercell thunderstorms in Germany caused unexpected extreme losses of 3.1 bn EUR(insured) and 4.0 bn EUR(economic), respectively. According to the recently published damage statistics of Munich Re for the year 2013, these hail events were the costliest natural catastrophe in worldwide for that year ranked by insured losses. This example exemplifies the large damage potential related to hail events, which is still underestimated both by the public and the insurance industry. On 27 July, the first supercell moved over the federal states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony. Large hail with diameters of up to 7.5 cm according to observations archived in the European Severe Weather Database (ESWD) caused severe damage especially over the Volkswagen factory in Wolfsburg. One day later, on 28 July, another supercell formed upstream of the Black Forest Mountains and moved almost parallel over the Swabian Jura and Bavaria. Hail with diameters of up to 8 cm fell over a heavily populated region between the cities of Reutlingen and Tübingen. In this area, exposed assets are extremely high, which partly explain the high total loss. Approximately 100,000 buildings and 50,000 automobiles (not considered are the damaged automobiles at the parking lot in Wolfsburg) were severely damaged by these two events. Considering the single event definition over a 72-hr period, which is usually applied in the insurance industry, these hailstorms were one of the most expensive loss events in Germany. In this paper, we investigate the severe hailstorm on 28 July from different views. By using and combining available observational data sets, the objective is to reconstruct the whole events at a very high resolution and to examine the conditions that are most relevant for convective initiation and the further development of the organized convective cell. Using a series of photos of damaged objects the aim is to relate different object classes and hail stone

Trends in Hydrogen Vehicles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoevenaars, A.J.; Weeda, M.

2009-09-01

This report intends to provide an update of the latest developments that have recently occurred within car industry within the field of Hydrogen powered fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) to date, October 2009. In attempts to provide a clear and logical overview, the report starts with an overview of the OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers) that are actually active within the Hydrogen vehicle business, and provides an overview of the intensity of FCV activity per OEM. This overview shows that there is a pool of distinctively most active OEMs, and that others have tried to create exposure for themselves, but have not seriously been involved in in-house technology development in support of FCV manufacturing. Furthermore, some manufacturers chose a different path when it comes to using hydrogen for vehicle propulsion and use Hydrogen gas as a fuel for a conventional Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). In the field of FCVs, Most FCV activities are displayed by Honda, Daimler, Opel/GM, Hyundai/Kia, Toyota, Nissan and Ford. Volkswagen has given less priority to FCV development and has not been profiling itself as a very Hydrogen-prone OEM. Mazda and BMW chose to put their efforts in the development of Hydrogen fuelled ICE vehicles. Also Ford has put efforts in Hydrogen fuelled ICE vehicles. After the active OEMs are mapped, an overview is given on how active they have been in terms of cars produced. It appeared difficult to come up with reliable estimations on the basis of numbers available for public. The sum of vehicles produced by all OEMs together was estimated on about 515 vehicles. This estimation however was much lower than the figures published by Fuel Cell Today (FCT). FCT projects accumulated vehicles shipped in 2009 around 1100 units, the double of the numbers found for this study. Communication with FCT learned us that FCT has access to confidential information from the OEMs. Especially the Asian OEMs do not provide transparency when it comes to FCVs shipped, however

Elaboration of the methodological referential for life cycle analysis of first generation biofuels in the French context

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2008-01-01

methodological issues specific to fossil fuels pathways. The study was commissioned by the ADEME - Departement Bio-resources, the Minister of Agriculture and Fishing, the ONIGC, the IFP and the Minister of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Land Settlement (DGEMP, D4E, DPPR). A Committee was set up to provide a technical support for the analysis of the methodological issues, in order to reach a consensus for the elaboration of the recommendations presented in this document. This Committee involved representatives of the biofuels and petroleum pathways (PROLEA, BENP, Cristal Union, Lyondell and TOTAL), representatives of Technical Institutes (ARVALIS, CETIOM, ITB, ITERG), representatives of the National Institute for Agronomical Research, representatives of the car industry (PSA, Renault), representatives of a waste-treatment company (VEOLIA), representatives of an association for the protection of environment (Reseau Action Climat) and representatives of a Union of Cooperatives (COOP. IN VIVO)

PREFACE: 2nd International Symposium on the Modern Physics of Compact Stars and Relativistic Gravity

Science.gov (United States)

Edvard Chubaryan, Professor; Aram Saharian, Professor; Armen Sedrakian, Professor

2014-03-01

cosmological models, theories of cosmic microwave background, quantum field theory in curved background, Casimir effect, etc. Thus, it is fair to say that the present volume covers a large number of actively pursued subjects of modern relativistic astrophysics. We would like to thank all those individuals and organizations that helped us in organizing a successful conference. These include the members of the international advisory committee as well as the local organizing committee (whose names are listed separately above) and the sponsors of the conference — the Volkswagen Stiftung (Hannover, Germany), the HIC for FAIR Institute (Frankfurt am Main, Germany) and the State Committee for Sciences of Armenia. Edvard Chubaryan, Aram Saharian and Armen Sedrakian Yerevan / Frankfurt-Main, 1 February, 2014 Conference photograph A list of participants is available in the PDF

Phenotype, genotype, and worldwide genetic penetrance of LRRK2-associated Parkinson's disease: a case-control study

Science.gov (United States)

Healy, Daniel G; Falchi, Mario; O'Sullivan, Sean S; Bonifati, Vincenzo; Durr, Alexandra; Bressman, Susan; Brice, Alexis; Aasly, Jan; Zabetian, Cyrus P; Goldwurm, Stefano; Ferreira, Joaquim J; Tolosa, Eduardo; Kay, Denise M; Klein, Christine; Williams, David R; Marras, Connie; Lang, Anthony E; Wszolek, Zbigniew K; Berciano, Jose; Schapira, Anthony HV; Lynch, Timothy; Bhatia, Kailash P; Gasser, Thomas; Lees, Andrew J; Wood, Nicholas W

2008-01-01

Trust; Internationaal Parkinson Fonds; Volkswagen Foundation; National Institutes of Health: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Institute of Aging; Udall Parkinson's Disease Centre of Excellence; Pacific Alzheimer Research Foundation Centre; Italian Telethon Foundation; Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson; Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research; Safra Global Genetics Consortium; US Department of Veterans Affairs; French Agence Nationale de la Recherche. PMID:18539534

A Physics and Tabulated Chemistry Based Compression Ignition Combustion Model: from Chemistry Limited to Mixing Limited Combustion Modes Un modèle de combustion à allumage par compression basé sur la physique et la chimie tabulée : des modes de combustion contrôlés par la chimie jusqu’aux modes contrôlés par le mélange

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bordet N.

2011-11-01

experimental measurements carried out on a 2 liter Renault Diesel engine and good agreements are found. Ce papier présente une nouvelle approche 0D phénoménologique pour prédire le déroulement de la combustion dans les moteurs Diesel à injection directe pour toutes les conditions d’utilisation usuelles. Le but de ce travail est de développer une approche physique en vue d’améliorer la prédiction de la pression cylindre et du dégagement d’énergie, avec un nombre minimum d’essais nécessaires à la calibration. Les contributions principales de cette étude sont la modélisation de la phase de pré-mélange de la combustion et une extension du modèle pour les stratégies d’injections multiples. Dans ce modèle, le taux de dégagement d’énergie dû à la combustion pour la phase pré-mélangée est relié à un taux de réaction moyen du carburant. Ce taux de réaction moyen de carburant est évalué à l’aide d’une approche basée sur un taux de réaction local de carburant tabulé et la détermination d’une fonction de densité de probabilité (PDF de la fraction de mélange (Z. Cette PDF permet de prendre en compte la distribution de richesse existante dans la zone pré-mélangée. L’allure de cette PDF présumée est une β-fonction standardisée. Les fluctuations de la fraction de mélange sont décrites avec une équation de transport pour la variance de Z. La définition standard de la fraction de mélange, établie dans le cas de flammes de diffusion, est ici adaptée à une combustion pré-mélangée de type Diesel pour décrire l’inhomogénéité de la richesse dans le volume de contrôle. La chimie détaillée est décrite au travers de la tabulation du taux de réaction relatif à la flamme principale et du délai d’auto-inflammation relatif à la flamme froide, ces tabulations sont fonction de la variable d’avancement c, du taux de gaz brûlé ainsi que des grandeurs thermodynamiques telles que la température et la pression. Le

Geology and mining history of the Southeast Missouri Barite District and the Valles Mines, Washington, Jefferson, and St. Francois Counties, Missouri

Science.gov (United States)

Mugel, Douglas N.

2017-03-09

-iron sulfide). The Cambrian Potosi Dolomite is the most important formation for the ore deposits, followed by the Eminence Dolomite. Because galena, sphalerite, and barite are less soluble than dolomite, chemical weathering of the ore-bearing dolomite bedrock resulted in the concentration of ore minerals in the residuum. Most of the barite and lead mining was in the residuum, which averages 10 to 15 feet thick.Lead mining by French explorers may have begun in 1719 along Old Mines Creek at Cabanage de Renaudiere, which was followed shortly by the discovery of lead and the development of lead mines at Mine Renault (also called Forche a Renault Mine), Old Mines, and at other places along the Big River, Mineral Fork, and Forche a Renault Creek. Lead mining began sometime between 1775 and 1780 at Mine a Breton, the name of which was later changed to Potosi. Other mining areas were developed in the early part of the 19th century, including Fourche a Courtois (Palmer Mines), the French Diggings, and the Richwoods Mines. Zinc became a valuable resource after the Civil War, and the Valles Mines was an important supplier of zinc as well as lead, with at least some production up until the 1920’s. Lead mining declined in the early part of the 20th century as mining in the Old Lead Belt, Mine La Motte, and the Tri-State District expanded.The earliest lead mines were diggings in the residuum and were round holes (shafts) about 4 feet in diameter dug with pick and shovel about 15–20 feet deep, with drifts dug a short distance laterally from the bottom of the shafts. This mining process was repeated a short distance away until a large area was covered with pits. Some mining in bedrock began by about 1800, with shafts as deep as 170 feet and as much as several hundred feet of lateral drifts.Smelting of the lead ore to elemental lead was first done using a log furnace, which was inefficient; estimates have been made that only about 50 percent of the lead was recovered, and the remainder was

New lubrication concepts for environmental friendly machines. Tribological, thermophysical and viscometric properties of lubricants interacting with triboactive materials

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schmidt, R.; Klingenberg, G. [Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig (Germany); Woydt, M. [Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin (Germany)

2006-07-01

The present research report was elaborated in close cooperation with Renault SAS, FUCHS Petrolub AG and Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr (IAV). The use of alternative oils for the lubrication of automobile engines has a potential of ecological and technical advantages. It requires the detailed knowledge of several thermophysical and viscometric properties in a large temperature range (mapping). Therefore, the following properties of up to twenty-eight different oils have been measured in the temperature range from 22 C to 150 C: density, heat capacity, thermal conductivity, viscosity at ambient pressure, viscosity under shear rates above 10{sup 6} s{sup -1}, and the viscosity at elevated pressures (maximum 100 MPa). The last two have been measured with a substantially improved and a newly developed apparatus, respectively. The pressure-viscosity coefficient has been measured on four hydrocarbon-based, factory-fill oils, a paraffin oil and twenty-three alternative oils. Nine of the alternative oils are based partly or completely on esters, the other fourteen on polyglycols, two of them additionally on water. Based on the piston ring/cylinder liner simulation tests of BAM performed outside of engines and the SRV {sup registered} tests both performed only under conditions of mixed/boundary lubrication, it is reasonable that thermally sprayed TiO{sub x}-based, Ti{sub n-2}Cr{sub 2}O{sub 2n-1} and (Ti,Mo)(C,N)+23NiMo piston ring coatings, so called 'lubricious or triboactive oxides', can substitute common materials and serve as a promising alternative to commercial piston ring coatings made of strategic Molybdenum and super-finishing intensive blends of WC/Cr{sub 3}C{sub 2}. Some couples qualified for 'zero' wear. In combination with bionotox ester- and polyglycol-based lubricants the coefficient of friction can be reduced fulfilling simultaneously stronger European exhaust emission regulations. Thermally sprayed Ti-based coatings with their

3d Simulation of Di Diesel Combustion and Pollutant Formation Using a Two-Component Reference Fuel Simulation 3D de la combustion et de la formation des polluants dans un moteur Diesel à injection directe en utilisant un carburant de référence à deux composants

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Barths H.

2006-12-01

Full Text Available By separating the fluid dynamic calculation from that of the chemistry, the unsteady flamelet model allows the use of comprehensive chemical mechanisms, which include several hundred reactions. This is necessary to describe the different processes that occur in a DI Diesel engine such as autoignition, the burnout in the partially premixed phase, the transition to diffusive burning, and formation of pollutants like NOx and soot. The highly nonlinear reaction rates need not to be simplified, and the complete structure of the combustion process is preserved. Using the Representative Interactive Flamelet (RIF model, the one-dimensional unsteady set of partial differential equations is solved online with the 3D CFD code. The flamelet solution is coupled to the flow and mixture field by several time dependent parameters (enthalpy, pressure, scalar dissipation rate. In return, the flamelet code yields the species concentrations, which are then used by the 3D CFD code to compute the temperature field and the density. The density is needed in the 3D CFD code for the solution of the turbulent flow and mixture field. Pollutant formation in a Volkswagen DI 1900 Diesel engine is investigated experimentally. The engine is fueled with Diesel and two reference fuels. One reference fuel is pure n-decane. The second is a two-component fuel consisting of 70% (liquid volume n-decane and of 30% (liquid volume alpha-methylnaphthalene (Idea-fuel. The experimental results show good agreement for the whole combustion cycle (ignition delay, maximum pressures, torque and pollutant formation between the two-component reference fuel and Diesel. The simulations are performed for both reference fuels and are compared to the experimental data. Nine different flamelet calculations are performed for each simulation to account for the variability of the scalar dissipation rate, and its effect on ignition is discussed. Pollutant formation (NOx and soot is predicted for both

Current trends in China's coal mining industry; Aktuelle Entwicklungen im Steinkohlebergbau Chinas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goerlich, B.J. [Deutsche Montan Technologie GmbH, Essen (Germany)

2004-07-01

It's not only its role as a coal producer which makes China to the subject of talks everywhere. China has a high economic growth despite of the global economical crisis and SARS. China shows highest scientific and technical performance, e.g. with the space flight of the first Chinese astronaut. The Transrapid is running in Shanghai, in 2003 Volkswagen has sold more cars in China than in Germany and, statistically, 2,5 Chinese share one cell phone, i.e. presently there are 500 million cell phones in China, tendency increasing. Observing the developments in Beijing or even better in Shanghai, Shenzen, Guoangou (Kanton) gives you a feeling for dynamics and economic growth which we have been missing in Germany for a long time. This national economy has been growing rapidly thus increasing also the hunger for energy. To feed this hunger is one of the main tasks of the Chinese central government; this is the only way to maintain the economic growth in the future. The economic growth is needed urgently if the changes in economy are to be implemented by the WTO and globalisation of the markets. China needs an economic growth rate of 8% in order to create new jobs needed to make for the ones breaking away in the old, government-controlled enterprises due to the new orientation in its industry. As mentioned before: energy and especially hard coal are key and engine of this development. [German] China ist nicht nur als Kohleproduzent derzeit in aller Munde. Es verfuegt ueber ein hohes Wirtschaftswachstum, trotz globaler Wirtschaftskrise und SARS. China zeigt wissenschaftlich/technische Hoechstleistung, beispielsweise mit dem Flug des 1. chinesischen Astronauten ins All. Der Transrapid faehrt in Shanghai, VW verkaufte 2003 mehr Autos in China als in Deutschland und 2,5 Chinesen teilen sich statistisch ein Mobiltelefon - es gibt also derzeit ca. 500 Mio. Mobiltelefone allein in China, Tendenz weiter steigend. Beobachtet man die Entwicklung Pekings oder noch besser die von

Spatial and temporal changes in land cover and its relation to the wildfire risk in Montes de Zuera (NE-Spain)

Science.gov (United States)

Iñiguez-Remón, E.; Badía-Villas, D.; Ibarra-Benlloch, P.

2012-04-01

the surface percentage (55 % in region 1; 58 % in region 2), have being stable for the past fifty years about 1/3 of these surfaces (38 % in region 1, and 32 % in region 2). Different wildfire preventive measures are proposed at spatial scale. Chuvieco, E., Salas J., de la Riva, J., Pérez, F. y Lana-Renault, N. (2004). Métodos para la integración de variables de riesgo: el papel de los sistemas de Información Geográfica, pp.144-158. In: Chuvieco, E., Martín, M.P. (Ed.): Nuevas tecnologías para la estimación del riesgo de incendios forestales. CSIC, Instituto de Economía y Geografía. Madrid. FAO (1986). Wildfire management terminology. Eds. FAO, Forest Resources Development Branch. Rome. OSE, Observatorio para la Sostenibilidad en España (2006). Cambios de ocupación del suelo en España. Implicaciones para la sostenibilidad. Madrid.

Comparison of Thoracic Injury Risk in Frontal Car Crashes for Occupant Restrained without Belt Load Limiters and Those Restrained with 6 kN and 4 kN Belt Load Limiters.

Science.gov (United States)

Foret-Bruno, J Y; Trosseille, X; Page, Y; Huère, J F; Le Coz, J Y; Bendjellal, F; Diboine, A; Phalempin, T; Villeforceix, D; Baudrit, P; Guillemot, H; Coltat, J C

2001-11-01

In France, as in other countries, accident research studies show that a large proportion of restrained occupants who sustain severe or fatal injuries are involved in frontal impacts (65% and 50%, respectively). In severe frontal impacts with restrained occupants and where intrusion is not preponderant, the oldest occupants very often sustain severe thoracic injuries due to the conventional seat belt. As we have been observing over the last years, we will expect in the coming years developments which include more solidly-built cars, as offset crash test procedures are widely used to evaluate the passive safety of production vehicles. The reduction of intrusion for the most severe frontal impacts, through optimization of car deformation, usually translates into an increase in restraint forces and hence thoracic injury risk with a conventional retractor seat belt for a given impact severity. It is, therefore essential to limit the restraint forces exerted by the seat belt on the thorax in order to reduce the number of road casualties. In order to address thoracic injury risk in frontal impact, Renault cars have been equipped with the Programmed Restraint System (PRS) since 1995. The PRS is a restraint system that combines belt load limitation and pyrotechnic belt pretension. In an initial design of the Programmed Restraint System (PRS1), the belt load limiter was a steel component designed to shear at a given shoulder force, namely 6 kN. It was mounted between the retractor and the lower anchorage point of the belt. The design of the PRS was modified in 1998 (PRS2), but the principle of load limitation was maintained. The threshold was decreased to 4 kN and this lower belt belt-force limiter has been combined with a specially designed airbag. This paper reports on 347 real-world frontal accidents where the EES (Equivalent Energy Speed) ranged from 35 to 75 km/h. One hundred and ninety-eight (198) of these accidents involved cars equipped with the 6 kN load limiter

Exomars orbiter science and data-relay mission / looking for trace gases on Mars

Science.gov (United States)

Fratacci, Olivier

EXOMARS Orbiter Module: looking for trace gas on Mars and providing data relay support for future Mars Surface assets O.Fratacci, M.Mesrine, H.Renault, Thales Alenia Space France B.Musetti, M.Montagna, Thales Alenia Space Italy M.Kesselmann, M.Barczewski OHB P.Mitschdoerfer, D.Dellantonio Euro-pean Space Agency / ESTEC The European Space Agency (ESA) in a joint cooperation with NASA, will launch in 2016 the EXOMARS spacecraft composite to develop European landing technologies and provide a science orbiter with data-relay capability around Mars until end 2022. The spacecraft composite is composed of the Orbitr Module (OM), provided by TAS-France, an entry descent and landing demonstrator module (EDM) provided by TAS-Italy, and a set of six scientific payloads to be selected by the JPL during 2010. Recent observations of the planet Mars have indicated detection of methane as well as temporal, perhaps spatial variability in the detected signal while current photochemical models cannot explain the presence of methane in the atmosphere of Mars nor its reported rapid variations in space and time. The triple scientific objectives that drive the selection of these six instruments for the Exomars 2016 mission is to detect trace gases in Mars atmosphere, to characterise their spatial and temporal variation and to explore the source of the key trace gases (e.g. methane) on the surface. The launch is scheduled in January 2016 from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) using an ATLAS V 421 launcher with a total launch mass of 4.4 tons. After release of the EDM on Mars, the OM will perform the Mars Orbit Insertion manoeuvre and then reduce its elliptic orbit by implementing the first European Aerobraking around Mars for about 6 to 9 months, to finally end on a circular 400x400km orbit with an altitude in the range of 350km to 420km. From this orbit, a science phase will follow lasting 2 years in which the Mars atmosphere and surface is continuously observed. Science instruments composed of

Proceedings of the 9. meeting of radioprotection skill persons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lahaye, Thierry; Vallet, Jeremie; Michel, Nicolas; Saad, Nawal; Benzakri, Adil; Gauron, C.; Prevot, Sylviane; Vrigneaud, Jean-Marc; Mahu, Marjolaine; Tenailleau, Lionel; Pigree, G.; Lemarchand, M.; Barbey, P.; Hery, Michel; Scanff, Pascale; Reuter, Celine; Hoorelbeke, Agnes; Lefaure, Christian; Entine, F.; Dody, C.; Gagna, G.; Michel, X.; Cazoulat, A.; Amabile, J.C.; Winizuk, E.; Baccialone, J.; Renault, Catherine; Rodde, Sylvie; Rousse, Carole; Delisle, Sophie; Karmouche, Kaouthar; Moyon, Jean-Baptiste; Gabrillargues, Jean; Chabert, Emmanuel; Jean, Betty; Guersen, Joel; Boyer, Louis; Cassagnes, Lucie; Rosec, Maeva; Rehel, Jean-Luc; Celier, David; Etard, Cecile; Bassinet, Celine; Coutin, Frederic; Clauss, Nicolas; Mertz, L.; Gangi, Afshjn; Bing, F.; Garnon, J.; Thenint, M.A.; Enescu, I.; Tsoumakidou, G.; Cortet, Laetitia; Quirins, Charles; Craveiro, Nathalie; Philippe, SANS; Giordan, Denis; Chanal, Sandrine; Cojan, Aurelie; Rigaud, Sylvie; Monsanglant-Louvet, Celine; Osmond, Melanie; Jeanjacques, Caroline; Sevestre, Bernard; Barbette, Frederic; Allenet Le Page, Benedicte

2014-11-01

and CoRPAR coordination: recent evolutions and actions in progress (C. Lefaure); 13 - Radioprotection of the new projectable military scanography module (F. Entine); 14 - Experience feedback of the new standard application in the medical, dental and veterinary domain (C. Renault); 15 - Review of significant radiation protection events in the industrial and medical sectors (S. Rodde, C. Rousse); 16 - Activity report of the recognised organisations for radiation protection technical control (OARP) (S. Delisle); 17 - Study of a radioprotection cabin prototype: routine use in vascular neuroradiology? (K. Karmouche); 18 - Radioprotection of personnel performing radioscopy-guided urology actions in operating rooms (D. Celier); 19 - Impact study of a real-time dosimetry system on radioprotection practices (N. Clauss); 20 - Implementation of dosimetric rings in interventional radiology (L. Cortet, N. Craveiro); 21 - Preparation of a dossier of work in radioactive environment for firemen (P. Sans); 22 - Intervention outside nuclear facilities during accidental situation with or without wounded (D. Giordan); 23 - Cooperation actions of the Nuclear Safety Authority in the domain of radiation protection in French Polynesia and New Caledonia (A. Benzakri); 24 - Management and elimination of radioactive wastes in the research sector (S. Chanal); 25 - Experience feedback about a transport of high activity sealed sources (M. Osmond); 26 - Management of used sealed sources, works of the 'source' group of the national plan for the management of radioactive materials and wastes (PNGMDR) (B. Sevestre); 27 - Presentation of the 2015 catalogue of training courses of the National Agency for the Management of Radioactive Wastes (ANDRA) (N. Pommenof); 28 - CAMARI: certificate of fitness for the handling of industrial radiology devices (B. Allenet Le Page)

Reduction of emissions and geological storage of CO2. Innovation an industrial stakes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mandil, C.; Podkanski, J.; Socolow, R.; Dron, D.; Reiner, D.; Horrocks, P.; Fernandez Ruiz, P.; Dechamps, P.; Stromberg, L.; Wright, I.; Gazeau, J.C.; Wiederkehr, P.; Morcheoine, A.; Vesseron, P.; Feron, P.; Feraud, A.; Torp, N.T.; Christensen, N.P.; Le Thiez, P.; Czernichowski, I.; Hartman, J.; Roulet, C.; Roberts, J.; Zakkour, P.; Von Goerne, G.; Armand, R.; Allinson, G.; Segalen, L.; Gires, J.M.; Metz, B.; Brillet, B.

2005-01-01

CO 2 emissions in the transport sector (cars and aviation) by A. Morcheoine (ADEME), The contribution of biofuels and alternative fuels to reducing CO 2 emissions in the transport sector by I. Drescher (Volkswagen AG). Session III - Technological progress in the capture and geological storage of CO 2 : European projects on CO 2 capture and storage by P. Dechamps (European Commission, Research Energy Conversion and Transport); Capture of CO 2 : Innovative CO 2 capture concepts by P. Feron (TNO), Capture of CO 2 in pre- and oxy-combustion by A. Feraud, N. Otter (Alstom); Geological storage of CO 2 : Geological storage capacity by N.P. Christensen (GEUS), Feedback from industrial CO 2 storage projects by T. Torp (Statoil), The main avenues of current research by P. Le Thiez (IFP) and I. Czernichowski (BRGM), Long-term industrial experience with underground gas storage by J. Hartman (GDF). Session IV - Regulatory, economic and financial aspects. Legal and regulatory framework for capture and geological storage: UK's perspective on the regulatory framework for CO 2 storage by J. Roberts (DEFRA-UK), Monitoring and reporting of CCS in the European Union Emission Trading Scheme by P. Zakkour (ERM), Social need and public questions and perceptions by G. von Goerne (Greenpeace); Economic and financial impact: The costs of CCS by G. Allinson (CO 2 -CRC), The characteristics of CO 2 markets: players, volumes exchanged, and term and spot transaction prices by L. Segalen (European Carbon Fund), CO 2 management by J.M. Gires (Total), The forthcoming IPCC special report on carbon dioxide capture and storage by B. Metz (IPCC Working Group III). Closing Address by Bernard Brillet, Ministry for Higher Education and Research. (J.S.)

Relation of runoff and soil erosion to weather types in the Mediterranean basin

Science.gov (United States)

Nadal-Romero, Estela; Peña-Angulo, Dhais

2017-04-01

Nadal-Romero, E. (1), Peña-Angulo, D. (1), Albaladejo, J. (2), Andreu, V. (3), Bahri, H. (4), Bagarello, V. (5), Batalla, R., (6), Bienes, R. (7), Campo, J. (3), Campo-Bescós, M.A. (8), Canatario, A. (9), Cantón, Y. (10), Casali, J. (8), Castillo, V. (2), Cid, P. (11), Cortesi, N. (12), Desir, G. (13), Díaz, E. (2), Ferreira, C. (14), Ferro, V. (5), Giménez, R. (8), Gimeno, E. (3), Gómez, J.A. (15), Gómez-Gutiérrez, A. (16), González-Hidalgo, J.C. (1), Klotz, S. (17) Kosmas, C. (18), Lana-Renault, N. (19), Lasanta, T. (20), Lázaro, R., (21), Le Bissonnais, Y. (22), Le Bouteiller, C. (17), Licciardello, F. (23), López-Tarazón, J.A. (24), Lucía, A. (25), Marín, C. (13), Marqués, M.J., (26) Martínez-Fernández, J. (27), Martínez-Mena, M. (2), Martínez-Murillo, J.F. (28), Mateos, L. (15), Novara, A. (5), Pachecho, E. (29), Raclot, D. (22), Rodríguez-Blanco, M.L. (30), Romero-Díaz, A. (31), Rubio, J.L. (3), Ruiz-Sinoga, J.D. (28), Schnabel, S. (16), Simonneaux, V. (32), Solé-Benet, A. (21), Taguas, E.V. (33), Taboada-Castro, M.M. (30), Taboada-Casto, M.T. (30), Todisco, F. (34), Úbeda, X. (29), Varouchakis, E. A. (35), Zabaleta, A. (36), Zorn, M. (37) (1) Departamento de Geografía, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Ambientales (IUCA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain (2) Soil and water conservation research group, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain (3) Degradación y conservación de suelos, Centro de Investigación sobre Desertificación (CIDE), Valencia, Spain (4) INRGREF, Tunis, Tunisia (5) Department of Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, University of Palermo, viale delle scienze, Palermo, Italy (6) Department de Medi Ambient, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain (7) Departamento Investigación Aplicada y Extensión Agraria. Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA), Madrid, Spain (8) Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agrónoma, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (9) Polytechnic

Performance comparison of low and high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Experimental examinations, modelling and numerical simulation; Leistungsvergleich von Nieder- und Hochtemperatur-Polymerelektrolytmembran-Brennstoffzellen. Experimentelle Untersuchungen, Modellierung und numerische Simulation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Loehn, Helmut

2010-11-03

danger of washing out of the phosphoric acid. In an additional test row the Celtec-P-1000 HT-MEA was subjected to temperature change cycles (40 - 160 C), which lead to irreversible voltage losses. In a final test row performance tests were carried out with a HT-PEM fuel cell stack (16 cells /1 kW), developed in the fuel cell research centre of Volkswagen with a special gas diffusion electrode, which should avoid the degradation at deep temperatures. In these examinations no irreversible voltage losses could be detected, but the tests had to be aborted because of leakage problems. The by the experimental examinations gained insight of the superior operating behaviour and the further advantages of the HT-PEMFC in comparison to the LT-PEMFC were crucial for the construction of a simulation model for a single HT-PEM fuel cell in the theoretical part of this thesis, that also should be suitable as process simulation model for the computer based development of a virtual fuel cell within the interdisciplinary project ''Virtual Fuel Cell'' at the TU Darmstadt. The model is a numerical 2D ''along the channel'' - model, that was constructed with the finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics (version 3.5 a). The stationary, one phase model comprises altogether ten dependent variables in seven application modules in a highly complex, coupled non linear system of equations with 33713 degrees of freedom (1675 rectangle elements with 1768 nodes). The simulation model describes the mass transport processes and the electro-chemical reactions in a HT-PEM fuel cell with good accuracy, the model validation by comparing the model results with experimental data could be proved. So the 2D-model is basically suitable as process simulation model for the projecting of a virtual HT-PEM fuel cell. (orig.)

Reduction of emissions and geological storage of CO{sub 2}. Innovation an industrial stakes; Reduction des emissions et stockage geologique du CO{sub 2}. Innovation et enjeux industriels

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mandil, C.; Podkanski, J.; Socolow, R.; Dron, D.; Reiner, D.; Horrocks, P.; Fernandez Ruiz, P.; Dechamps, P.; Stromberg, L.; Wright, I.; Gazeau, J.C.; Wiederkehr, P.; Morcheoine, A.; Vesseron, P.; Feron, P.; Feraud, A.; Torp, N.T.; Christensen, N.P.; Le Thiez, P.; Czernichowski, I.; Hartman, J.; Roulet, C.; Roberts, J.; Zakkour, P.; Von Goerne, G.; Armand, R.; Allinson, G.; Segalen, L.; Gires, J.M.; Metz, B.; Brillet, B

2005-07-01

transport systems by P. Wiederkehr (EST International), The prospects for reducing CO{sub 2} emissions in the transport sector (cars and aviation) by A. Morcheoine (ADEME), The contribution of biofuels and alternative fuels to reducing CO{sub 2} emissions in the transport sector by I. Drescher (Volkswagen AG). Session III - Technological progress in the capture and geological storage of CO{sub 2}: European projects on CO{sub 2} capture and storage by P. Dechamps (European Commission, Research Energy Conversion and Transport); Capture of CO{sub 2}: Innovative CO{sub 2} capture concepts by P. Feron (TNO), Capture of CO{sub 2} in pre- and oxy-combustion by A. Feraud, N. Otter (Alstom); Geological storage of CO{sub 2}: Geological storage capacity by N.P. Christensen (GEUS), Feedback from industrial CO{sub 2} storage projects by T. Torp (Statoil), The main avenues of current research by P. Le Thiez (IFP) and I. Czernichowski (BRGM), Long-term industrial experience with underground gas storage by J. Hartman (GDF). Session IV - Regulatory, economic and financial aspects. Legal and regulatory framework for capture and geological storage: UK's perspective on the regulatory framework for CO{sub 2} storage by J. Roberts (DEFRA-UK), Monitoring and reporting of CCS in the European Union Emission Trading Scheme by P. Zakkour (ERM), Social need and public questions and perceptions by G. von Goerne (Greenpeace); Economic and financial impact: The costs of CCS by G. Allinson (CO{sub 2}-CRC), The characteristics of CO{sub 2} markets: players, volumes exchanged, and term and spot transaction prices by L. Segalen (European Carbon Fund), CO{sub 2} management by J.M. Gires (Total), The forthcoming IPCC special report on carbon dioxide capture and storage by B. Metz (IPCC Working Group III). Closing Address by Bernard Brillet, Ministry for Higher Education and Research. (J.S.)

Towards breaking the silence between the two cultures: Engineering and the other humanities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prausnitz, John M.

2003-01-01

Over the years, I have attended numerous meetings like this one at the Center for the Study of Higher Education. I have noticed that most of the attendees, and certainly the speakers, tend to come from the social sciences or humanities. Only rarely do I see anyone here from Berkeley's College of Chemistry or College of Engineering. I come from the College of Chemistry that includes Berkeley's Department of Chemical Engineering. I mention this background to indicate that my remarks here are necessarily less abstract, less theoretical and less philosophical than those of most previous seminar speakers. My remarks are probably somewhat simplistic because, as a result of my engineering background, I tend to focus less on generalities and principles, giving more attention to possible solutions of limited practical problems. About seven weeks ago, I was invited to attend a conference sponsored by the Berlin Academy of Sciences where ''Sciences'' is not confined to natural sciences but includes also humanities and social sciences. The topic of the Conference was ''Sprachlosigkeit'', a German word that roughly translated means inability to speak. The subtitle was ''Silence Between the Disciplines''. The German universities are worried about the increasing gulf between what is often called ''the two cultures''. This gulf is a problem everywhere, including Berkeley, but it is my impression that it is much worse in Europe than in America. The International Conference in Berlin was attended by some big names including the presidents of the Humboldt University in Berlin, the University of Uppsala in Sweden and the Central European University of Budapest, as well as some distinguished academics from a variety of institutions including Harvard and Stanford, and the presidents of three major funding organizations: The Volkswagen Foundation, The German National Science Foundation and the Max

Analysis of connection element classes and locations and of some structural requirements for the mounting of different superstructure types on transport vehicles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zoran Đ. Majkić

2011-04-01

Full Text Available The paper presents the basic requirements for transport vehicles. A special request regarding the adaptation of transport vehicles for the transport of various types of cargo was taken into consideration. Superstructures and the situation arising after mounting superstructures on wheeled transport vehicles were analyzed and the following was described: console coupling, stirrups, simplex elastic coupling, two-way elastic and rigid connection elements. Vehicle torsional elasticity is provided by a proper choice of the type of connection between the superstructure and the vehicle chassis. Applying the instructions of vehicle manufacturers for using appropriate connections between the truck superstructure and the vehicle chassis provides positive torsional elasticity of the vehicle. The paper gives the general recommendations of the Volvo, Mercedes and Renault transport vehicle producers for the use of particular connection types of locations as well as structural requirements for the mounting of concrete mixers, tippers and truck tanks on their vehicles. Introduction Achieving a high level of transport effectiveness depends on a number of factors. One of the most important ones is the possibility to increase the payload share in the gross vehicle weight. This share depends on the net vehicle weight, a method of coupling the truck superstructure with the chassis frame as well as on the truck superstructure construction. Realization of this requirement is of significant importance, particularly for large business systems since it results in the reduction of number of necessary vehicles, more economic fleet maintenance and the fleet capacity increase. It is also relatively easy to adapt the vehicle for the transportation of other loads, depending on user's current needs. The adaptation is correctly performed if manufacturer's recommendations are followed during the mounting of the superstructure on the chassis. This paper gives the analysis of the

Fast Access to Space Tourism

Science.gov (United States)

Favata', P.; Martineau, N.

2002-01-01

purposes. This facilitates cooperation between space agencies and business sectors. Such an approach benefits the private sector by decreasing the time horizon for feasible space tourism. In addition to the use of existing state technology, such collaboration may help overcome the legal and policy obstacles to space tourism presented by most western space agencies. Finally, the project promotes international cooperation between the private companies of advanced industrial states, and Russia. Also, because the module can be utilized for other commercial purposes, in addition to space tourism (i.e. broadcasting, advertisement, etc.) revenues will be gained in other activities. Even though the initial costs of space tourism are high, investment returns can be measured in many ways. Throughout Eastern Europe, companies such as Coca-Cola and Volkswagen are currently investing despite diminished initial returns because they want to open new markets, which will be profitable in the long run and build their image worldwide. This project, which does foresee profitable returns, follows a similar strategy by starting in Russia.

Fuels of the future 2009. Conference papers; Kraftstoffe der Zukunft 2009. Tagungsbeitraege

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2009-07-01

certification of sustainability from the view of economy (I. Klent); (16) Market development bioethanol in the EU - Potentials, hindrances and recommendations of handling (G. Gaupmann); (17) Advantages, properties, tolerances and technical aspects of launching of E10 (L. Guderjahn); (18) Bioethanol: Potential for engine technical developments (B. Geringer); (19) Production of bioethanol of the 2nd generation from lignocellulose: the pilot plant of Sued-Chemie AG in Munich (A. Koltermann); (20) Status report and need for action for standardization of Biodiesel (EN 14214) and diesel fuel (EN 590) on European level (CEN) (J. Haupt); (21) Test bench investigations on the thinning of motor oil during the operation of a passenger car diesel engine with B10 (H. Tschoeke); (22) An experience report to fleet tests with B10: Effects of different strategies for the regeneration of diesel particulate traps on the incorporation of fuel in engine oil in passenger cars (J. Fischer); (23) Results of a continuous operation of test rigs over 500 h as well as field tests for the clearance of Deutz-Common-Rail engines in commercial vehicles EURO IV for Biodiesel (M. Winkler); (24) Emissions of rapeseed fuel (J. Blassnegger); (25) Measures for reduction of P, Ca, and Mg in rapeseed fuel in decentral oil mills (J. Witzelsperger, E. Remmele); (26) Investigations on injection behaviour of rapeseed fuel in modern diesel engines (M. Lueft, S. Bernhardt, U. Wagner, U. Spicher); (27) Rapeseed fuel for tractors?. - Strategies for the agricultural machinery industry (S. Dieringer, P. Pickel, J.D. Werke); (28) Biomethane for the mobility in Germany and Europe: Status quo, potentials and perspectives (M. Herr); (29) Cogeneration or power supply to the public grid? Biogas strategies of a manufacturer of biogas plants (B. Hugenroth); (30) SunGas {sup registered} at Volkswagen (M. Lohrmann); (31) Natural gas and bio-natural gas as a fuel - State of the art and perspectives (A. Vogel); (32) The potential for

Proceedings - BORDEAUX VIVA WINTER SCHOOL - XXXIII LIAC MEETING

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Thierry Couffinhal

2017-12-01

Connexin40 expression or function reduces angiogenesis in the developing mouse retina - F. ALONSO, Bordeaux • Imatinib inhibits hypoxia-induced MMP-9 overexpression and activation through impairment of LRP1 and Pyk2 phosphorylation in human coronary vascular smooth muscle cells - A. BENITEZ, Barcelona - Spain • NRP1 supresses TGFβ-dependent ERK1/2 activation in endothelial cells - A. LAMPROPOULOU, London - UK • The elastin receptor complex interacts with CD36 through NEU1 and regulates oxidized LDL uptake in macrophages: potential implication in the proatherogenic effects of elastin-derived peptides - P. MAURICE, Reims • Ubiad1 promotes tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting dephosphorylation of vegfr2 in a redox dependent manner - R. SEWDUTH, Belgium Cell senescence and telomere - E. GILSON, Nice Estrogens as vascular anti-ageing hormones? Experimental and clinical evidences and uncertainties - J.F. ARNAL, Toulouse Arteriolar and microcirculation aging - D. HENRION, Angers Oxydation and inflammation in Atherosclerosis - A. LEPEDDA, Italy Winter School Meeting (organizers: A. Bikfalvi & J. Badaut Highlights and major topics identified by the students, group proposals (3 per group for fictive/future projects and presentation OPEN SESSION (Chairwomen: M.A. Renault & J. Lods • Endothelial cell dysfunction is a new potential therapeutic target for the treatment of critical limb ischemia - C. CARADU, Pessac • Podosomes Mediate Basement Membrane Collagen-IV Proteolysis During Sprouting Angiogenesis - E. GENOT, Bordeaux •How plant food bioactives may have benefits for vascular health? The case of curcumin, L.E. MONFOULET, Lille Closing meeting: Thierry Couffinhal & Michel Spina Table des matières CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGIC ASPECT OF VASCULAR AGING Early vascular aging Neurovascular epidemiology of aging Cardiovascular epidemiology of aging Forecasted trends in disability and life expectancy Neurovascular genetic epidemiology Vascular and thrombosis genetic epidemiology

XXXI LIAC Meeting on Vascular Research - Proceedings

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L. Monteiro Rodrigues et al.

2015-12-01

Speaker / Prelector Diogo Fonseca Panel Comunications | Comunicações em Posters Abstract List | Lista de Resumos Submetidos P.01 DENDRITIC CELLS TAKE PART TO EARLY AND LATE RESPONSE TO ISCHEMIC MYOCARDIAL INJURY. Paolo Romagnoli, Laura Pieri, Stefano Bacci, Beatrice Defraia, Gian Aristide Norelli, Aurelio Bonelli P.02 MICRORNA-CONTAINING MICROPARTICLES FROM VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS ARE A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF BIOMARKERS. David de Gonzalo-Calvo, Ana Cenarro, Fernando Civeira F; Vicenta Llorente-Cortés. P.03 LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY (LDF AS AN ALTERNATIVE TECHNIQUE TO EVALUATE PERFUSION RECOVERY ON A MURINE MODEL OF HIND LIMB ISCHEMIA. Henrique Silva, Alain-Pierre Gadeau, Marie-Ange Renault, Hugo Ferreira, M Julia Bujan, L Monteiro Rodrigues. P.04 EXPLORING THE CUTANEOUS REACTIVITY TO LOCAL HEATING WITH THE WAVELET TRANSFORM – A PILOT STUDY. Henrique Silva, Hugo Ferreira, L Monteiro Rodrigues. P.05 CRYOPRESERVATION OF BIOENGINEERED, DECELLULARIZED AORTIC VALVES DOES NOT COMPROMISE THEIR PROPENSITY TO REPOPULATION BY HOST CELLS AND TISSUE REMODELLING. GOOD AND LESS GOOD OUTCOMES. Antonella Bonetti, Michele Gallo, Filippo Naso, Paolo Franci, Adolfo Paolin, Roberto Busetto, Michele Spina, Gino Gerosa, Fulvia Ortolani. P.06 PROMISING THERAPY TO TREAT CHRONIC ISCHEMIC SKIN DEFECTS USING A HYDROXYL-FARNASINE DERIVATIVE POLYPHENOL WITH A POTENT NADPH OXIDASE INHIBITION ACTIVITY. Pascual G., Mesa-Ciller C., Sotomayor S., Blanc-Guillemaud V., García-Honduvilla N., del Castillo E., Buján J. P.07 PLACENTAL STRUCTURAL ALTERATIONS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH VARICOSE VEIN PATHOLOGY. Mesa-Ciller, C.; Álvarez-Rocha, MJ.; Asúnsolo, A.; Payá, P.; Cifuentes, A.; García-Honduvilla, N.; Buján, J. P.08 EXPLORING THE EFFECT OF POSTURE ON THE PERIPHERAL CUTANEOUS MICROVASCULAR RESPONSE TO THE TOPICAL APPLICATION OF METHYL NICOTINATE. Henrique Silva, Catarina Rosado, Hugo Ferreira, Joana Antunes and L Monteiro Rodrigues. P.09 NAILFOLD CAPILLAROSCOPY CRITERIA FOR DISTINCTION OF PRIMARY AND

CBIOS Science Sessions - 2016 - Part I and III National Symposium on Nanoscience and Biomedical Nanotechnology - Proceedings

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L. Monteiro Rodrigues, et al.

2016-05-01

Full Text Available CBiOS Science Sessions - 2016 – Part 1 New methods to explore efficacy and safety of natural origin products; Stefânia Duz Delsin Effectiveness of Hypopressive Exercises in women with pelvic floor dysfunctions; Beatriz Navarro Brazález Indoor air quality in baby rooms: a study about VOC levels; Raquel Rodrigues dos Santos, Ana Sofia Fernandes e Liliana Mendes A medicinal chemistry approach for the development of novel anti-tumor agentes; Maria M. M. Santos Isolation, modelling and phytosome forms of antibacterial and anti-proliferative compounds from Plectranthus spp; Diogo Matias Intellectual Property – Patenting Propriedade Intelectual – Patenteamento Rui Gomes Biomarkers in wastewater; Álvaro Lopes A Contribution for a Better Comprehension of Donkey Dentistry: the Importance of Dental Care; João Brandão Rodrigues Characterization of Lusitano’s Pure Blood Pressure Centers using two pressure plates; Pequito M.; Gomes-Costa M.; Prazeres J.; Bragança M.; Roupa I.; Fonseca R.G.; Abrantes J. Application of photoplethysmography to monitor heart rate in dogs; Rui Assunção, Henrique Silva, João Requicha, Luis Lobo, Luis Monteiro Rodrigues Looking into the oscillatory properties of the laser Doppler flowmetry signal in human microcirculation; Henrique Silva, Hugo Ferreira, Marie-Ange Renault, Alain-Pierre Gadeau, Julia Buján, LM Rodrigues III Symposium of Nanoscience and Biomedical Nanotechnology – Proceedings April 15/04/2016 Lisboa - Universidade Lusófona Honor Commitee /Comissão de Honra Magnífico Reitor da Universidade Lusófona, Mário Moutinho Presidente do Conselho de Administração da Universidade Lusófona, Manuel de Almeida Damásio Sr. Bastonário da Ordem dos Engenheiros, Carlos Matias Ramos Sr. Bastonário da Ordem dos Médicos, José Silva Vice-presidente do Conselho de Enfermagem, Maria José Costa Dias Presidente da Associação Nacional de Farmácias, Paulo Cleto Duarte Presidente da Sociedade Portuguesa de Ci

Selected Abstracts of the 2nd Congress of joint European Neonatal Societies (jENS 2017; Venice (Italy; October 31-November 4, 2017; Session "Neonatal Fetal Nutrition and Metabolism"

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--- Various Authors

2017-10-01

HYPERGLYCEMIA CORRECTION IN VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT PRETERM INFANTS • O. Dobush, D. Dobryanskyy, Z. Salabay, O. BorysiukABS 71. GROWTH AND BODY COMPOSITION ASSESSMENT AT FOLLOW-UP OF VERY PRETERM INFANTS • B. del Rey Hurtado de Mendoza, C. Balcells, M. Izquierdo-Renau, I. Iglesias-PlatasABS 72. GROWTH OF VERY PRETERM INFANTS (< 32 WEEKS WITHIN 3 YEARS AFTER BIRTH • K. Suzuki, Y. Murayama, H. MasakiABS 73. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN 25 OH-D VITAMIN LEVELS AND AORTIC, CAROTID INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS IN HEALTHY NEWBORN INFANTS • D. Arman, Z. Cetiner, A. Erdil, E. YurdakulABS 74. TARGET FORTIFICATION OF BREAST MILK WITH PROTEIN, CARBOHYDRATE AND FAT FOR PRETERM INFANTS IMPROVES GROWTH OUTCOMES: A DOUBLE-BLIND RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL • N. Rochow, G. Fusch, A. Ali, A. Bhatia, S. Ahmad, A. Nguyen, L. Chessell, S. el Helou, C. FuschABS 75. HORMONE PROFILE AND ANTHROPOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF VERY PRETERM NEWBORNS AT FOLLOW-UP • C. Balcells, B. del Rey Hurtado de Mendoza, M. Izquierdo-Renau, I. Iglesias-PlatasABS 76. REDUCING VARIABILITY IN MACRONUTRIENT INTAKES IMPROVES GROWTH IN PRETERM INFANTS: TARGET FORTIFICATION OF BREAST MILK – A DOUBLE-BLIND RANDOMIZED CON­TROLLED TRIAL • A. Bhatia, N. Rochow, G. Fusch, A. Ali, A. Nguyen, A. Bahonjic, C. FuschABS 77. NEWBORN BONE HEALTH IS AFFECTED BY MATERNAL BARIATRIC SURGERY • E. Malchau Carlsen, K.M. Renault, B. Kanijo Møller, K. Nørgaard, L. Nilas, J.E. Bech Jensen, J. Lauenborg, D. Cortes, O. PrydsABS 78. LONG TERM GROWTH AND NEURO­DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME IN PRETERM INFANTS BORN SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE (SGA AND INFANTS WITH INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION (IUGR • C. Binder, A. Huber-Dangl, J. Binder, A. Kreissl, M. Thanhaeuser, A. Repa, A. Berger, N. HaidenABS 79. HUMAN MILK COMPOSITION IN RELATION TO GROWTH AND BODY COMPOSITION IN PRETERM INFANTS AT TERM AGE • K.P.T. Vu, D.F.J. Yumani, A.R.C. Laarman, H.N. Lafeber, M.M. van WeissenbruchABS 80. GROWTH PARAMETERS AT BIRTH IN INFANTS WITH CONGENITAL ZIKA VIRUS SYNDROME