Does the serum uric acid level have any relation to arterial stiffness or blood pressure in adults with congenital renal agenesis and/or hypoplasia?

Science.gov (United States)

Yazici, Raziye; Guney, İbrahim; Altintepe, Lutfullah; Yazici, Mehmet

2017-01-01

The relationship between serum uric acid and arterial stiffness or blood pressure is not clear. The serum uric acid level and its association with cardiovascular risk is not well known in patients with reduced renal mass. We aimed to investigate the relation between serum uric acid levels and arterial stiffness and also blood pressure in patients with congenital renal agenesis and/or hypoplasia. In this single center, cross-sectional study, a total of 55 patients (39 (% 70.9) with unilateral small kidney and 16 (%29.1) with renal agenesis) were included. The median age was 35 (21-50) years. The study population was divided into tertiles of serum uric acid (according to 2.40-3.96, 3.97-5.10, and 5.11-9.80 mg/dl cut-off values of serum uric acid levels). Official and 24-h ambulatory non-invasive blood pressures of all patients were measured. The arterial stiffness was assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV). PWV values were increased from first to third tertile (5.5 ± 0.6, 5.7 ± 0.8, 6.1 ± 0.7, respectively), but this gradual increase between tertiles did not reach significance. Linear regression analyses showed a positive correlation between serum uric acid levels and PWV (β = 0.40, p = 0.010), but no correlation was found between uric acid and daytime systolic blood pressure (β = 0.24, p = 0.345). In congenital renal agenesis/hypoplasia, the serum uric acid level was positively correlated with arterial stiffness, but there was no correlation with blood pressure.

Cryptophthalmos and Bilateral Renal Agenesis with Cleft Lip and Palate: Fraser Syndrome: Case Report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emre Pabuçcu

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Fraser syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder consisting of multiple anomalies including variable expression of cryptophthalmos, syndactyly, abnormal genitalia, malformations of the nose, ear and larynx, renal agenesis, oro-facial clefts, skeletal defects, umbilical hernia and mental retardation. Antenatally detected multiple congenital fetal anomalies during 22nd week of gestation is reported in this paper. Fraser Syndrome was diagnosed according to major and minor criteria. Early antenatal detection is mandatory and clinician should be awere of the high recurrence rates of this syndrome among siblings threatening subsequent pregnancies and should inform affected families.

Fetal bilateral renal agenesis, phocomelia, and single umbilical artery associated with cocaine abuse in early pregnancy.

Science.gov (United States)

Kashiwagi, Maki; Chaoui, Rabih; Stallmach, Thomas; Hürlimann, Sandra; Lauper, Urs; Hebisch, Gundula

2003-11-01

Maternal cocaine abuse in pregnancy is associated with complications such as intrauterine growth retardation, abruptio placentae, and preterm delivery. We report what is, to our knowledge, the first published observation of fetal bilateral renal agenesis associated with a vascular disruption syndrome comprising upper limb reduction defect and a single umbilical artery following maternal cocaine abuse in early pregnancy. This constellation in a fetus aborted at 18 weeks extends the spectrum of complications possibly associated with cocaine abuse in pregnancy. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Bilateral renal agenesis, a severe anomaly in a premature infant with VACTERL association: A case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Erol Basuguy

2017-11-01

Full Text Available We report on a preterm male (birth weight 1,100 g with bilateral renal agenesis, a lethal malformation. Additionally, the child suffered from an atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, right aortic arch anomaly, a high type of anal atresia, vertebral anomalies, limbs defects (VACTERL association. The infant during first day of life was treated with an emergency sigmoid ostomy and peritoneal dialysis because of increasing abdominal dilatation and high urea and creatinine levels in blood. Important congenital anomalies associated with VACTERL association and prematurity are very serious causes of mortality in the early period

An Unusual Case of Recurrent Pyocolpos Following Midtrimester Miscarriage Revealed as Obstructed Hemivagina with Ipsilateral Renal Agenesis (OHVIRA Syndrome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Haldar M

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Obstructed hemivagina with ipsilateral renal agenesis (OHVIRA Syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly. It mostly presents with severe dysmenorrhea and a palpable mass due to unilateral hematocolpos. Sometime it presents in unusual way with prolonged vaginal bleeding and profuse vaginal discharge. Here we report case of an 18 years old married female with OHVIRA syndrome presenting late with symptoms of recurrent pyocolpos following dilatation and evacuation for midtrimester miscarriage that was diagnosed on the basis of MRI and managed by vaginal septotomy.

Renal access in PNL under sonographic guidance: Do we really need to insert an open end ureteral catheter in dilated renal systems? A prospective randomized study.

Science.gov (United States)

Eryildirim, Bilal; Tuncer, Murat; Camur, Emre; Ustun, Fatih; Tarhan, Fatih; Sarica, Kemal

2017-10-03

To evaluate the true necessity of open end ureteral catheter insertion in patients with moderate to severe pelvicalyceal system dilation treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) under sonographic guidance. 50 cases treated with PNL under sonographic guidance in prone position for solitary obstructing renal stones were evaluated. Patients were randomly divided into two groups; Group 1: Patients in whom a open end ureteral catheter was inserted prior to the procedure; Group 2: Patients receiving no catheter before PNL. In addition to the duration of the procedure as a whole and also all relevant stages as well, radiation exposure time, hospitalization period, mean nephrostomy tube duration, mean drop in Hb levels and all intra and postoperative complications have been evaluated. Mean size of the stones was 308.5 ± 133.2 mm2. Mean total duration of the PNL procedure in cases with open end ureteral catheter was significantly longer than the other cases (p < 0.001). Evaluation of the outcomes of the PNL procedures revealed no statistically significant difference between two groups regarding the stone-free rates (86% vs 84%). Additionally, there was no significant difference with respect to the duration of nephrostomy tube, hospitalization period and secondary procedures needed, complication rates as well as the post-operative Hb drop levels in both groups (p = 0.6830). Our results indicate that the placement of an open end ureteral catheter prior to a PNL procedure performed under sonographic access may not be indicated in selected cases presenting with solitary obstructing renal pelvic and/or calyceal stones.

Pulmonary agenesis

OpenAIRE

Oyola, Mercedes; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Gordillo, Gisel; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; García, Carlos A.; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Torres, David; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana

2009-01-01

Pulmonary agenesis is an infrequent pathology which occurs predominantly among females with no lateral preference. We report on the case of a newborn male diagnosed with prenatal diaphragm hernia though at birth seemed more likely either to be a congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (congenital pulmonary airway malformation) or pulmonary agenesis. The patient died six days after birth and necropsy confirmed pulmonary agenesis. La agenesia pulmonar es una alteración poco frecuente, con...

CT of tracheal agenesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Strouse, Peter J.; Hernandez, Ramiro J.; Newman, Beverley

2006-01-01

Tracheal agenesis is a rare and usually lethal anomaly. In the past, opaque contrast medium was injected via the esophagus to demonstrate the anatomy. To demonstrate the utility of helical and multidetector CT in delineating the aberrant anatomy in newborns with tracheal agenesis. Four newborns with tracheal agenesis were identified from three institutions. Imaging studies and medical records were reviewed. Each child was imaged with chest radiography. One child was imaged on a single-detector helical CT scanner and the other three on multidetector scanners. Helical and multidetector CT with 2D and 3D reconstructions clearly delineated the aberrant tracheobronchial and esophageal anatomy in each infant. Minimum intensity projection reformatted CT images were particularly helpful. One infant each had type I and type II tracheal agenesis. Two infants had type III tracheal agenesis. All four infants died. CT is a useful tool for delineating the aberrant anatomy of newborns with tracheal agenesis and thus helps in making rational clinical decisions. (orig.)

Two cases of sacral agenesis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Choi, J Y; Bae, Y K; Hahm, C K; Kang, S R [Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1979-06-15

Sacral agenesis is a central component in the spectrum of anomalies comprising the caudal regression syndrome. Sacral agenesis occurs more frequently in an infant born to mother of diabetes, rubella infection in first trimester than normal mothers. In a patient of sacral agenesis, it is important to recognize the neurologic deficit, neurogenic bladder dysfunction and other congenital anomalies. A case of partial sacral agenesis of 10 years old girl and another case of complete total agenesis associated with multiple anomalies in autopsied newborn are reported.

Two cases of sacral agenesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choi, J. Y.; Bae, Y. K.; Hahm, C. K.; Kang, S. R.

1979-01-01

Sacral agenesis is a central component in the spectrum of anomalies comprising the caudal regression syndrome. Sacral agenesis occurs more frequently in an infant born to mother of diabetes, rubella infection in first trimester than normal mothers. In a patient of sacral agenesis, it is important to recognize the neurologic deficit, neurogenic bladder dysfunction and other congenital anomalies. A case of partial sacral agenesis of 10 years old girl and another case of complete total agenesis associated with multiple anomalies in autopsied newborn are reported.

Potential of modern sonographic techniques in paediatric uroradiology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Riccabona, Michael E-mail: michael.riccabona@kfunigraz.ac.at

2002-08-01

Objective: To describe the potential of modern sonographic techniques in paediatric uroradiology. Method: Ultrasound (US)--now being the primary imaging tool--has revolutionised imaging diagnostic in the urinary tract. Constant developments and technical refinements have secured the role of US in uroradiology. Colour Doppler Sonography (CDS) and innovative applications such as the transperineal approach or application of m-mode US to the urinary tract have helped to develop US from just a basic tool to a sophisticated and respected method. The ongoing introduction of new and even more sophisticated methods further enhance the sonographic potential, which shall be demonstrated by a more detailed discussion of these methods. Results: Harmonic imaging, extended field of view US, amplitude coded CDS, echo-enhanced US, and three-dimensional US as the most recent new sonographic techniques are successfully applicable to paediatric urinary tract disease. They improve sonographic diagnosis in many conditions, such as detection of vesico-ureteral reflux, renal parenchymal volume assessment, comprehensive visualisation of hydronephrosis and complex pathology, evaluation of renal perfusional disturbances or defects, superior documentation with improved comparability for follow-up, or simply by offering clearer tissue delineation and differentiation. Conclusion: Modern US techniques are successfully applicable to neonates, infants, and children, further boosting the value of US in the paediatric urinary tract. However, as handling became more sophisticated, and artefacts have to be considered, modern urosonography became not only a more powerful, but also a more demanding method, with the need for expert knowledge and dedicated training.

Potential of modern sonographic techniques in paediatric uroradiology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Riccabona, Michael

2002-01-01

Objective: To describe the potential of modern sonographic techniques in paediatric uroradiology. Method: Ultrasound (US)--now being the primary imaging tool--has revolutionised imaging diagnostic in the urinary tract. Constant developments and technical refinements have secured the role of US in uroradiology. Colour Doppler Sonography (CDS) and innovative applications such as the transperineal approach or application of m-mode US to the urinary tract have helped to develop US from just a basic tool to a sophisticated and respected method. The ongoing introduction of new and even more sophisticated methods further enhance the sonographic potential, which shall be demonstrated by a more detailed discussion of these methods. Results: Harmonic imaging, extended field of view US, amplitude coded CDS, echo-enhanced US, and three-dimensional US as the most recent new sonographic techniques are successfully applicable to paediatric urinary tract disease. They improve sonographic diagnosis in many conditions, such as detection of vesico-ureteral reflux, renal parenchymal volume assessment, comprehensive visualisation of hydronephrosis and complex pathology, evaluation of renal perfusional disturbances or defects, superior documentation with improved comparability for follow-up, or simply by offering clearer tissue delineation and differentiation. Conclusion: Modern US techniques are successfully applicable to neonates, infants, and children, further boosting the value of US in the paediatric urinary tract. However, as handling became more sophisticated, and artefacts have to be considered, modern urosonography became not only a more powerful, but also a more demanding method, with the need for expert knowledge and dedicated training

Renal perfusion image using harmonic ultrasound with microbble contrast agent: preliminary study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Jung Hoon; Choi, Jae Ho; Han, Dong Chul; Lee, Hi Bahl; Choi, Deuk Lin; Eun, Hyo Won; Lee, Hun Jae

2003-01-01

To compare, in terms of their feasibility and normal range, 99m Tc-DTPA renal perfusion imaging and renal perfusion imaging using harmonic ultrasound (US) with a microbubble contrast agent for the evaluation of renal perfusion after renal transplantation. During a six-month period, thirty patients who had received a renal transplant underwent both 99m Tc-DTPA renal perfusion imaging and renal perfusion imaging using harmonic US with a microbubble contrast agent. Sonographic renal perfusion images were obtained before and after a bolus injection of the microbubble contrast agent Levovist TM (SH U 5084; Schering AG, Berlin, Germany) every 3 seconds for 3 minutes. Sonographic renal perfusion images were converted into a renal perfusion curve by a computer program and T peak of the curve thus obtained was compared with that of the 99m Tc-DTPA curve. Average T peak of the 99m Tc-DTPA renal perfusion curve was 16.2 seconds in the normal group and 39.6 seconds in the delayed perfusion group, while average T peak of the sonographic renal perfusion curve was 23.7 seconds and 46.2 seconds, respectively. T peak of the sonographic renal perfusion curve showed a good correlation with that of the 99m Tc-DTPA curve (correlation coefficient=0.8209; p=0.0001). The cut-off value of T peak of the sonographic renal perfusion curve was 35 seconds (sensitivity=90%, specificity=95%). In patients who have received a renal transplant, the findings of renal perfusion imaging using harmonic US with a microbubble contrast agent show close correlation with those of 99m Tc-DTPA renal perfusion imaging. The optimal cut-off value of T peak of the sonographic renal perfusion curve was 35 seconds

Agenesis of pancreas

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Voldsgaard, P; Kryger-Baggesen, N; Lisse, I

1994-01-01

Complete agenesis of pancreas is a rare and lethal condition. Four cases have previously been reported in combination with other malformations, such as severe intrauterine growth retardation, hyperglycaemia and meconium ileus. We report a case of pancreatic agenesis as a single anomaly. The child...

Pulmonary agenesis: two cases reported

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Denis Yaraví Solano-Vázquez

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Background: Pulmonary agenesis is a rare anomaly (1 in 15 000 live births which consists in a total absence or severe hypoplasia of one or both lungs. The clinical spectrum of the unilateral agenesis could vary from early and severe respiratory distress, recurrent pneumonia to being an incidental finding. The prognosis is based on the presence of associated congenital abnormalities. Material and methods: We present two cases of unilateral pulmonary agenesis in patients at Tlaxcala’s Children Hospital during 2012. Results: Report details the case of a one-month old boy with left pulmonary agenesis and interatrial communication and mild pulmonary arterial hypertension. He had two resolved pneumonia incidents. The other case was a one-month old girl with right pulmonary agenesis, associated to multiple heart malformations who evolved to respiratory failure, heart failure and death.Conclusions: Pulmonary agenesis is a rare anomaly. Its outcome and prognosis varies with the hemodynamics related to its location and associated malformations.

[Sonographic semiotics of ureterohydronephrosis in children].

Science.gov (United States)

Khakkulov, E B

2016-04-01

To identify typical sonographic semiotics of ureterohydronephrosis in children having importance in determining the severity of disease and the choice of treatment strategy in this category of patients. Sonographic images of the kidneys and urinary tract of 158 children with ureterohydronephrosis were examined. Unilateral and bilateral ureterohydronephrosis was found in 75 and 83 children, respectively. There were 100 (63.3%) boys and 58 (36.7%) girls. The age of patients ranged from 3 months to 14 years (mean 4.15+/-3.21). Ultrasound examination enables the upper 193 (80.1%) and lower 167 (69.3%) third of ureters to be visualized. At the same time more than half of the visualized ureters had a diameter greater than 1 cm, and one-tenth of the affected ureters had diameters greater than 2 cm. If direct visualization of the ureters was impossible, pelvicalyceal system was evaluated, which was expanded on the affected side in all examined children. The morpho-sonographic changes of renal parenchymal in children with III-IV degree ureterohydronephrosis are described in details. Ultrasound examination can be regarded as a screening method for initial evaluation of patients with ureterohydronephrosis. It provides a rough estimation of the extent, level and nature of disturbances of urinary excretion, a preliminary assessment of the renal parenchyma and identification of anomalies of the urinary tract. These findings can be useful in choosing an optimal algorithm of diagnosis and surgical treatment of the disease.

Need for a nomogram of renal sizes in the Indian population- findings from a single centre sonographic study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Prakash Muthusami

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Background & objectives: Renal size is an important parameter used in the diagnosis and follow up of renal diseases. However, while making decisions, clinicians must be aware of the dependence of these dimensions on the ethnicity of the individual, independent of anthropometric indices. There is no established nomogram for renal sizes in the Indian population. The aim of this study was to assess the applicability of oft-quoted ranges of normal renal sizes in our population. Methods: Renal dimensions including length, width and parenchymal thickness were sonographically measured in 140 individuals with no renal disease. Analysis was done for differences due to age, gender and laterality. The correlation of renal dimensions with anthropometric parameters like weight, height, body mass index (BMI and body surface area (BSA was analyzed. Results: The means of length, width and parenchymal thickness of all 280 kidneys of 140 patients were 9.65 ± 0.63, 4.5 ± 0.42 and 2.04 ± 0.2 cm, respectively. There was a significant difference in parenchymal thickness between the right and left kidneys, while there was no significant right-left difference in length or width. Gender-wise analysis showed significant differences between male and female renal breadths but not length and parenchymal thickness. Age group-wise analysis showed significant decrease in renal length and parenchymal thickness beyond the seventh decade. There was a moderate positive correlation of bilateral renal length with body weight and BSA, and a weak positive correlation with body height and BMI. Interpretation & conclusions: Renal sizes in our population are in contrast to commonly quoted normal values in literature. Conclusions about renal sizes need to be made with reference to nomograms and should not be based upon data from other populations. We also present formulae whereby to derive renal sizes from anthropometric indices in our population.

A Case of Distal Vaginal Agenesis Presenting with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection and Pyuria in a Prepubertal Girl.

Science.gov (United States)

Dural, Ozlem; Ugurlucan, Funda Gungor; Yasa, Cenk; Bastu, Ercan; Eren, Hulya; Yuksel, Bahar; Celik, Serdal; Akhan, Suleyman Engin

2017-02-01

Isolated distal vaginal agenesis is a rare anomaly and mostly becomes symptomatic after menarche. We describe an unusual presentation of this anomaly in a prepubertal girl. An 11-year-old prepubertal girl presented with recurrent urinary tract infection, pyuria, and right-sided renal agenesis. The findings of perineal inspection, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging were consistent with a distal vaginal agenesis with pyometrocolpos. Discharging pyometrocolpos with dissection of the atretic portion and a pull-through vaginoplasty were performed. A cystoscopy showed no sign of a vesicovaginal or uterine fistula. This rare presentation of distal vaginal agenesis reminds us that congenital malformations of the female genital tract should be considered in patients with congenital anomalies of the urinary system and/or recurrent urinary tract infection, even during the prepubertal period. Copyright © 2016 North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Lumbosacral agenesis in a cat

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabrielle C Hybki

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Case summary Lumbosacral agenesis is a rare congenital condition reported in children. We report a 17-week-old female domestic shorthair cat with lumbosacral agenesis on whole-body radiographs. The cat was euthanized shortly thereafter presentation. A necropsy was not permitted. Relevance and novel information This is the first reported feline case of lumbosacral agenesis.

Two- and three-dimensional prenatal sonographic diagnosis of prune-belly syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Lizhu; Cai, Ailu; Wang, Xiaoguang; Wang, Bing; Li, Jingyu

2010-06-01

We report the prenatal diagnosis of 6 cases of Prune-belly syndrome in the 2(nd) trimester. The sonographic diagnosis was based on the findings of oligohydramnios, renal anomalies, and a lower abdominal cystic mass representing the abnormal dilatation of the bladder on conventional 2-dimensional sonographic examination. We discuss the role of Doppler imaging and 3-dimensional sonography as complementary methods to conventional sonography. Four of our 6 cases were confirmed with associated defects.

Sonographic patterns of renal lymphoma in B-mode imaging and in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)—A retrospective evaluation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Trenker, C.; Neesse, A.; Görg, C.

2015-01-01

Introduction: Retrospective analysis of sonographic patterns of renal lymphoma in B-mode imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Patients/methods: From January 2000 to June 2014, 27 patients with clinical or histologically confirmed renal lymphoma were examined with B-mode imaging, followed by CEUS in 8 cases. Results: In B-mode imaging renal lymphoma were hypoechoic in all 27 cases (100%). 9 patients (33.3%) had a bilateral, 18 (66.7%) patients had an unilateral lymphoma infiltration of the kidneys. 8 (29.6%) cases of small nodular, 5 (18.5%) cases of large nodular and 6 (22.2%) cases of perirenal lymphoma infiltration of the kidney were observed in B-mode imaging. Bulky-formation of renal lymphoma was detected in 6 (22.2%) patients and 2 (7.4%) patients had a diffuse lymphoma infiltration of the kidneys. In CEUS an arterial isoechoic enhancement was observed in 5 (62.5%)- and, an arterial hypoechoic enhancement was observed in 3 (37.5%) cases of renal lymphoma. A hypoechoic enhancement in the parenchymal phase was observed in 8 (100%) cases of renal lymphoma infiltration. Conclusion: In B-mode-imaging, nodular lymphoma infiltration of the kidneys is the most common of all renal lymphoma patterns in B-mode imaging. In CEUS, renal lymphoma presented an arterial iso- or hypoechoic enhancement, followed by a hypoechoic enhancement in the parenchymal phase. In regard to the differentiation of renal lymphoma to benign lesions of the kidney, CEUS may be helpful. However, the differentiation of renal lymphoma from other malignant lesions of the kidney like renal cell carcinoma is not feasible by CEUS

[A case of lingual agenesis].

Science.gov (United States)

Carinci, F; Felisatti, P; Curioni, C

1996-01-01

Lingual agenesis is a rare anomaly caused by failed morphogenesis of the lateral lingual swellings during embriogenesis. Most reported cases have been part of oromandibular limb hypogenesis syndrome (OLHS). A case of lingual agenesis associated with micrognathia and alteration of the hands is reported.

Deep Venous Thrombosis of the Leg, Associated with Agenesis of the Infrarenal Inferior Vena Cava and Hypoplastic Left Kidney (KILT Syndrome in a 14-Year-Old Child

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sakshi Bami

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Agenesis of the inferior vena cava (IVC is a rare anomaly which can be identified as incidental finding or can be associated with iliofemoral vein thrombosis. IVC agenesis has a known association with renal anomalies which are mainly confined to the right kidney. We describe a case of a 14-year-old male who presented with left leg swelling and pain. Ultrasonography confirmed the presence of left leg deep vein thrombosis (DVT. No underlying hematologic risk factors were identified. A CT scan was obtained which demonstrated absent infrarenal IVC and extensive thrombosis in the left deep venous system and development of collateral venous flow into the azygous/hemiazygous system, with extension of thrombus into paraspinal collaterals. An additional finding in the patient was an atrophic left kidney and stenosis of an accessory left renal artery. Agenesis of the IVC should be considered in a young patient presenting with lower extremity DVT, especially in patients with no risk factors for thrombosis. As agenesis of the IVC cannot be corrected, one should be aware that there is a lifelong risk of lower extremity DVT.

Ultrasonic diagnostics of kidneys of infants comparison to X-ray diagnostics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thiel, B.E.

1982-01-01

This retrospective investigation covers the comparison of sonographical and urographical kidney examinations of 240 children at 466 kidneys which were carried out approximately at the same time in two different hospitals. Sonography proved to be of significantly superior quality in clarifying functional loss of kidneys, discovering enlarged kidneys, renal retention, concrements, and nephrocalcinoses, in differentiating agenesis and hypoplasia, and in determining cystic growth. Less efficient than urography was sonography in determining suppressions and displacements, inflammations (the sonographic statement referred mainly to injuries to the parenchyma and nearly never to inflammations of the renal hollow system), finding malformations and small kindneys, and renal shrinkage. The authors consider sonography as the imaging examination method to be applied as the first one to clarify renal diseases of children. Other methods of examination such as MCU or urography, and also differentiated ones like nuclear-medical or angiographical examinations or examinations by means of computerized tomography can also be applied, keeping in mind the high error rates in the individual fields and still existing uncertainties. (orig./MG) [de

Postmortem MRI of bladder agenesis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barber, Brendan R. [St George' s Hospital, Radiology Department, London (United Kingdom); Weber, Martin A. [Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Department of Histopathology, London (United Kingdom); Bockenhauer, Detlef [Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Department of Nephrology, London (United Kingdom); Hiorns, Melanie P.; McHugh, Kieran [Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Radiology Department, London (United Kingdom)

2011-01-15

We report a 35-week preterm neonate with bladder agenesis and bilateral dysplastic kidneys. A suprapubic catheter was inadvertently inserted into one of the larger inferior cysts of the left dysplastic kidney. A postmortem MRI scan was performed with the findings being confirmed on autopsy. We are unaware of another postmortem MRI study demonstrating bladder agenesis. (orig.)

Postmortem MRI of bladder agenesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barber, Brendan R.; Weber, Martin A.; Bockenhauer, Detlef; Hiorns, Melanie P.; McHugh, Kieran

2011-01-01

We report a 35-week preterm neonate with bladder agenesis and bilateral dysplastic kidneys. A suprapubic catheter was inadvertently inserted into one of the larger inferior cysts of the left dysplastic kidney. A postmortem MRI scan was performed with the findings being confirmed on autopsy. We are unaware of another postmortem MRI study demonstrating bladder agenesis. (orig.)

Congenital lumbar vertebrae agenesis in a lamb.

Science.gov (United States)

Farajli Abbasi, Mohammad; Shojaei, Bahador; Azari, Omid

2017-01-01

Congenital agenesis of lumbar vertebrae was diagnosed in a day-old female lamb based on radiology and clinical examinations. There was no neurological deficit in hindlimb and forelimb associated with standing disability. Radiography of the abdominal region revealed absence of lumbar vertebrae. Necropsy confirmed clinical and radiographic results. No other anomaly or agenesis was seen macroscopically in the abdominal and thoracic regions as well as vertebral column. Partial absence of vertebral column has been reported in human and different animal species, as an independent occurrence or associated with other organs anomalies. The latter has been designated as caudal regression syndrome. Vertebral agenesis may arise from irregularity in the differentiation of somites to the sclerotome or sclerotome to the vertebral primordium. Most of the previously reported cases of agenesis were related to the lumbosacral region, lonely or along with other visceral absences. This case was the first report of congenital agenesis of lumbar vertebrae in a lamb.

Sonographic detection of intrarenal and intraarterial fungus balls in a preterm infant due to systemic candidiasis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reither, M.; Schumacher, R.; Hagel, K.J.; Hering, F.

1983-01-01

Shortly after birth a preterm infant suffering from aspiration syndrome and subsequent Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis showed signs of renal insufficiency and mycotic infection: Yeast cells were identified in several urinalyses; there was also an increasing anti-Candida IgM antibody titer. At the same time sonographic examinations revealed an increasing echogenicity of the renal cortex and echogenic masses of variable size which did not cause acoustic shadows in both enlarged kidneys. A few days later, we found a right-sided hydronephrosis caused by an intraureteric prevesical mass of equal echogenicity. As we could observe sonographically, the aggressive antimycotic therapy was successful. Eleven weeks later there were signs of cardiac insufficiency. An angiographically demonstrated filling defect within the pulmonary artery showed the same sonographic findings as the previously found intrarenal masses. The baby underwent embolectomy and recovered. The thrombotic material contained yeast cells giving evidence of systemic Candidasis. Provided appropriate equipment is available, ultrasound today is an excellent non-invasive screening and followup method not only for echoencephalography, but also for more complicated neonatologic problems as seen here. The detailed observation of a changing echogenicity of the renal cortex and pelvis is important and often allows a decisive diagnostic clue before other radiological methods become conclusive. (orig.) [de

Relationship Between Adult Renal Dimensions and Biometric ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

We measured renal dimensions sonographically and correlated the values obtained with some anthropometric parameters in order to identify the best estimate of renal size in a clinical setting. The renal dimensions of 200 adult subjects referred for abdomino-pelvic scan at University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu ...

Sonographer practitioner development in Australia: Qualitative analysis of an Australian sonographers' survey

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McGregor, Rodney; O'Loughlin, Kate; Cox, Jennifer; Clarke, Jill; Snowden, Adrian

2009-01-01

Sonographer practitioner development involves the expansion and extension of the sonographer role to include reporting on ultrasound examinations. Australian sonographers have not seen the same degree of role extension and expansion as their counterparts in the United Kingdom, despite increasing levels of discussion regarding sonographer practitioner development. The aim of this study was to determine if Australian sonographers want to extend their professional role and what they consider are the important issues associated with role extension. This paper reports on qualitative data derived from a survey of Australian sonographers and investigates if Australian sonographers are interested in extending and expanding their professional role and responsibilities and, if they do, what might be necessary or desirable from a professional point of view for this change to occur. A survey was mailed to all members of the Australian Sonographers Association (ASA) in October 2006. The 31-item survey included 28 closed-ended and 3 opened-ended items to provide both quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data will be reported separately. Qualitative data was derived from responses to the opened-ended questions, which asked respondents to elaborate on their attitudes and feelings about role extension and development. Analysis used Nvivo7 software to aid in uncovering common themes from the qualitative data. The analysis focused on the reported incentives or motivations for becoming a sonographer practitioner as well as disincentives or perceived hurdles that would discourage respondents from becoming sonographer practitioners. The three most reported incentives or motivations for becoming a sonographer practitioner were professional recognition, remuneration and increased knowledge. The three most commonly reported disincentives or perceived hurdles that would discourage respondents from becoming sonographer practitioners were legal issues, insurance and further

Agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors and associated dental anomalies.

Science.gov (United States)

Garib, Daniela Gamba; Alencar, Bárbara Maria; Lauris, José Roberto Pereira; Baccetti, Tiziano

2010-06-01

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in patients with agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors and to compare the findings with the prevalence of these anomalies in the general population. A sample of 126 patients, aged 7 to 35 years, with agenesis of at least 1 maxillary lateral incisor was selected. Panoramic and periapical radiographs and dental casts were used to analyze other associated dental anomalies, including agenesis of other permanent teeth, ectopia of unerupted permanent teeth, microdontia of maxillary lateral incisors, and supernumerary teeth. The occurrence of these anomalies was compared with prevalence data previously reported for the general population. Statistical testing was performed with the chi-square test (P <0.05) and the odds ratio. Patients with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis had a significantly increased prevalence rate of permanent tooth agenesis (18.2%), excluding the third molars. The occurrence of third-molar agenesis in a subgroup aged 14 years or older (n = 76) was 35.5%. The frequencies of maxillary second premolar agenesis (10.3%), mandibular second premolar agenesis (7.9%), microdontia of maxillary lateral incisors (38.8%), and distoangulation of mandibular second premolars (3.9%) were significantly increased in our sample compared with the general population. In a subgroup of patients aged 10 years or older (n = 115), the prevalence of palatally displaced canines was elevated (5.2%). The prevalences of mesioangulation of mandibular second molars and supernumerary teeth were not higher in the sample. Permanent tooth agenesis, maxillary lateral incisor microdontia, palatally displaced canines, and distoangulation of mandibular second premolars are frequently associated with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis, providing additional evidence of a genetic interrelationship in the causes of these dental anomalies. 2010 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Mosby, Inc. All

Sonographic detection of intrarenal and intra-arterial fungus balls in a preterm infant due to systemic candidiasis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reither, M.; Schumacher, R.; Hagel, K.J.; Hering, F.

1983-10-01

Shortly after birth a preterm infant suffering from aspiration syndrome and subsequent Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis showed signs of renal insufficiency and mycotic infection: yeast cells were identified in several urinalyses; there was also an increasing anti-candida IgM antibody titer. At the same time sonographic examinations revealed an increasing echogenicity of the renal cortex and echogenic masses of variable size which did not cause acoustic shadows in both enlarged kidneys. A few days later, we found a right-sided hydronephrosis caused by an intraureteric prevesical mass of equal echogenicity. As we could observe sonographically, the aggressive antimycotic therapy was successful. Eleven weeks later there were signs of cardiac insufficiency. An angiographically demonstrated filling defect, within the pulmonary artery, showed the same sonographic findings as the previously found intrarenal masses. The baby underwent embolectomy and recovered. The thrombotic material contained yeast cells giving evidence of systemic candidasis. Provided appropriate equipment is available, ultrasound today is an excellent non-invasive screening and followup method not only for echoencephalography, but also for more complicated neonatologic problems as seen here. The detailed observation of a changing echogenicity of the renal cortex and pelvis is important and often allows a decisive diagnostic clue before other radiological methods become conclusive.

Enamel renal syndrome: A rare case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S V Kala Vani

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Enamel renal syndrome is a very rare disorder associating amelogenesis imperfecta with nephrocalcinosis. It is known by various synonyms such as amelogenesis imperfecta nephrocalcinosis syndrome, MacGibbon syndrome, Lubinsky syndrome, and Lubinsky-MacGibbon syndrome. It is characterized by enamel agenesis and medullary nephrocalcinosis. This paper describes enamel renal syndrome in a female patient born in a consanguineous family.

Gallbladder Agenesis with Refractory Choledocholithiasis.

Science.gov (United States)

Tjaden, Jamie; Patel, Kevin; Aadam, Aziz

2015-01-01

Congenital agenesis of the gallbladder is a rare anomaly which is usually asymptomatic and found incidentally. In some cases, however, patients are symptomatic. Common symptoms include right upper quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Jaundice is present in some symptomatic cases and is due to associated choledocholithiasis (Fiaschetti et al. 2009). In this case, a 63-year-old female presents with jaundice and episodic right upper quadrant abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase were found to be markedly elevated. Upper endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) revealed choledocholithiasis, and the patient required multiple endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) sessions before successful extraction of all stones. Subsequent surgical exploration revealed congenital agenesis of the gallbladder. Although this is a rare finding, patients with agenesis of the gallbladder are at increased risk of developing de novo choledocholithiasis which may be challenging to extract.

Sonographic assessment of normal renal parenchymal and medullary pyramid thicknesses among children in Enugu, Southeast, Nigeria

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eze, C.U.; Akpan, V.P.; Nwadike, I.U.

2016-01-01

Background: Renal parenchymal thickness (RPT) and renal medullary pyramid thickness (MPT) are important renal size parameters. This study was aimed at establishing normograms for RPT and MPT with respect to age and somatometric parameters among children. Methods: This was a cross sectional study done in Enugu, Nigeria between May 2013 and April 2014. The subjects were 512 children aged 1–17 years scanned with ultrasound equipment with 3.5 MHz and 5 MHz curvilinear transducers. The RPT was measured perpendicularly to the long axis of the kidney from the medullary papilla to the renal capsule and MPT was measured from the apex to the base of the medullary pyramid on the same plane. The age and somatometric parameters of the subjects were recorded. Results: The mean ± SD of RPT and MPT for the right kidney were 12.62 ± 1.67 mm and 7.10 ± 0.92 mm and the left kidney were 12.81 ± 1.7 and 7.23 ± 0.94 mm respectively. There was a significant difference between the right and left RPT and MPT (p < 0.05). The right and left RPT correlated strongly with age, body surface area (BSA), height, and weight but moderately with body mass index (BMI). A moderate positive correlation was observed between MPT and age, BSA, height, and weight. However, a weak correlation was observed between MPT and BMI. Conclusion: Normograms of RPT and MPT in relation to age could be useful for grading hydronephrosis in children. - Highlights: • Sonography of RPT and MPT at the anterior longitudinal axis of the kidney is simple. • RPT and MPT Measurements are reliable within and between experienced sonographers. • No significant gender differences in RPT and MPT values exist in this study. • Significant differences exist between the right and left RPT and MPT measurements. • Normative values of RPT and MPT in relation to age in children are useful.

Gallbladder Agenesis with Refractory Choledocholithiasis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jamie Tjaden

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Congenital agenesis of the gallbladder is a rare anomaly which is usually asymptomatic and found incidentally. In some cases, however, patients are symptomatic. Common symptoms include right upper quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Jaundice is present in some symptomatic cases and is due to associated choledocholithiasis (Fiaschetti et al. 2009. In this case, a 63-year-old female presents with jaundice and episodic right upper quadrant abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase were found to be markedly elevated. Upper endoscopic ultrasound (EUS revealed choledocholithiasis, and the patient required multiple endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP sessions before successful extraction of all stones. Subsequent surgical exploration revealed congenital agenesis of the gallbladder. Although this is a rare finding, patients with agenesis of the gallbladder are at increased risk of developing de novo choledocholithiasis which may be challenging to extract.

Comparative study of unilateral renal tubule function using 131I-o-hippuran and sup(99m)Tc-dimercaptosuccinic acid with regard to renal depth and excretion relations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moser, E.A.

1980-01-01

Good agreement was found between sonographic and nuclear renal depth data. In patients with undisturbed postrenal urodynamics, the data of unilateral renal clearance obtained by DMSA and OIH are in good agreement after depth correction. With OIH, the activity measured for unilateral congestion kidneys was higher than with DMSA. However, both methods may overestimate unilateral congestion kidneys. The OIH method should be favoured in nuclear renal diagnostics. In patients with mobile kidneys, the lower function calculated for the ptotic kidney can be evaluated only after depth correction. To reduce the radiation exposure, renal depth data required for depth correction should be determined by sonographic methods. The peak/scatter method of renal depth determination cannot be employed in practice in the 131 J hippurane test; in the sup(99m)Tc-DMSA test, sufficient agreement between peak/scatter quotient and renal depth is only obtained after background correction. The result does not warrant the tedious procedure. DMSA studies of the kidneys are appropriate in the following cases: 1. Emergency studies of unilateral renal function in cases of acute anuria due to postrenal stoppage. 2. Assessment of unilateral parenchymal function in patients with mobile kidneys if the ptotic kidney cannot be imaged by sonographic processes. 3. Search for extremely displaced renal tissue. 4. Unilateral renal function studies in patients with unilateral kidney diseases if the postrenal situation and the global renal function can be assessed by other methods. (orig./MG) [de

Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas

Science.gov (United States)

Schnedl, Wolfgang J; Piswanger-Soelkner, Claudia; Wallner, Sandra J; Krause, Robert; Lipp, Rainer W

2009-01-01

During the last 100 years in medical literature, there are only 54 reports, including the report of Pasaoglu et al (World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14: 2915-2916), with clinical descriptions of agenesis of the dorsal pancreas in humans. Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas, a rare congenital pancreatic malformation, is associated with some other medical conditions such as hyperglycemia, abdominal pain, pancreatitis and a few other diseases. In approximately 50% of reported patients with this congenital malformation, hyperglycemia was demonstrated. Evaluation of hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus in all patients with agenesis of the dorsal pancreas including description of fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, glycated hemoglobin and medical treatment would be a future goal. Since autosomal dominant transmission has been suggested in single families, more family studies including imaging technologies with demonstration of the pancreatic duct system are needed for evaluation of this disease. With this letter to the editor, we aim to increase available information for the better understanding of this rare disease. PMID:19140241

Prenatal exposure to antiepileptic drugs and dental agenesis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pernille E Jacobsen

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the association between prenatal exposure to AEDs and the risk of dental agenesis and to differentiate between the possible effects of the different drugs used. METHODS: Data on 214 exposed and 255 unexposed children, aged 12-18 years, were extracted from the Prescription Database of the Central Denmark Region and North Denmark Region and the Danish Medical Birth Registry. The children's dental charts were examined for the presence of dental agenesis. RESULTS: Overall, children exposed to AED in utero had an increased risk of developing dental agenesis, but as a group, the difference was not significant (OR = 1.7; [95% CI: 0.8-3.6]. The risk of developing dental agenesis was three-fold increased (OR = 3.1; [95% CI: 1.3-7.4] in children exposed to valproate in mono- or in poly-therapy with other AEDs than carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine. The risk was further increased (OR = 11.2; [95% CI: 2.4-51.9] in children exposed to valproate and carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine in combination. CONCLUSIONS: The present study shows that dental agenesis is a potential congenital abnormality that is related to prenatal exposure to valproate, and dental agenesis may be considered a sensitive marker for the teratogenicity of valproate.

Laparoscopic Colectomy for a Patient with Congenital Renal Agenesis

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The right colon was mobilized by lateral‑to‑medial extension of a retroperitoneal dissection between the fusion fascia and the anterior renal fascia. The right testicular vessels were preserved without injury to the anterior renal fascia; however, the right ureter could not be detected. The operation was performed safely. Thus ...

Reduced renal length and volume 20 years after very preterm birth

NARCIS (Netherlands)

M.G. Keijzer-Veen (Mandy); A.S. Devos (Annick); M. Meradji (Morteza); F.W. Dekker (Friedo); J. Nauta (Jeroen); A.J. van der Heijden (Bert)

2010-01-01

textabstractIntrauterine growth retardation is presumed to be associated with decreased renal size and impaired renal function as a result of stunted kidney development and nephron deficit. To study whether very preterm birth also affects renal size at young adulthood, we sonographically measured

Sonographic Dimensions of Normal Kidney in Korean Male

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Hyeon Kyeong

1996-01-01

This study was performed to determine the sonographic dimensions of normal kidney in Korean male and to investigate their correlation with age, height, and weight. The ultrasound examinations were performed in 532healthy Korean male from July 1993 to December 1993. We measured the length, the width, and the thickness of both kidneys and those of both central echogenic area. Then renal shape index (RSI), renal volume (RV), volume of central (CEV) echogenic area, and renal parenchymal volume (RPV) were calculated from these measurements. The mean RV of the right kidney was 129.30 ± 30.20 cm 3 (Mean ± Standard Deviation) and that of the left kidney was 137.06± 29.73 cm 3 . Meanwhile the mean renal length of right kidney was 10.42 ± 0.61 cm and that of the left kidney was 10.63 ± 0.62 cm being distributed more compactly near mean value than the RV. Therefore the renal length could be more useful than RV in discrimination of abnormally increased or decreased kidney. While renal width, thickness and RV were increased with age, CEV showed no corresponding change. Therefore, the increase in RV could be attributed to the increase in RPV. Meanwhile the RSI was decreased with age. The renal length, renal thickness,thickness of central echogenic area, RV, CEV, and RPV showed strong correlation with weight. The renal length and the length of central echogenic area showed good correlation with height

Maxillary sinus agenesis - report of two cases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pierre, Jorge Henrique Arraes de Alencar; Santana, Expedito Araujo

2000-01-01

Agenesis or aplasia of the maxillary sinuses is an extremely rare condition, and only eight cases have been reported in the world medical literature. These malformations may arise as a result of developmental defects. Two cases of unilateral agenesis of the maxillary sinus are presented and the radiological abnormalities and the embryology are discussed. The literature is also reviewed. (author)

Isolated Left Pulmonary Artery Agenesis: A Case Report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tansel Ansal Balcı

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis without any cardiovascular malformation is a rare anomaly. We present the imaging findings of a patient who was diagnosed as isolated left pulmonary artery agenesis. A 27-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital due to dyspnea during exercise for five years. Chest X-ray revealed minimally small left pulmonary hilum and left lung. She was admitted to our clinic with the suspicion of pulmonary artery pathology. Absent perfusion of the left lung with normal ventilation was visualized on scintigraphy. MDCT angiography of pulmonary arteries showed absent left main pulmonary artery with systemic collaterals around left hemithorax. Pulmonary artery agenesis can be asymptomatic and isolated until adulthood. Both scintigraphy and CT angiography images of pulmonary artery agenesis of a patient are rare in the literature. Pulmonary ventilation- perfusion scintigraphy can be used not only for pulmonary embolism but also pathologies involving pulmonary artery and its branches. (MIRT 2012;21:80-83

Pulmonary Artery Agenesis: A Case Series

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Meltem Ağca

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Pulmonary artery agenesis is a rare congenital abnormality in which atresia was encountered in the short segment of the right or left pulmonary arteries. It can be isolated or associated with cardiac abnormalities such as tetralogy of Fallot, septal defects or pulmonary stenosis.The majority of cases are diagnosed in childhood whereas some cases yield no symptoms until adulthood. We evaluated retrospectively 5 pulmonary artery agenesis cases diagnosed in our clinics between 1998-2010 with respect to the literature.

Müllerian agenesis with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Whaley, Katie; Winter, Jordan; Eyster, Kathleen M; Hansen, Keith A

2012-04-01

To describe the association of müllerian agenesis with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Case report. University medical center. A 17-year-old woman with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia referred for evaluation of primary amenorrhea. History, physical examination, and ultrasound. Physical findings of these two syndromes. Physical examination and ultrasound demonstrated müllerian agenesis with findings of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. This is the first description of the association of müllerian agenesis with ectodermal dysplasia. This rare case might provide further insight into the development of the uterus and the ectoderm as well as its derivatives. Copyright © 2012 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Dental anomalies in an orthodontic patient population with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Citak, Mehmet; Cakici, Elif Bahar; Benkli, Yasin Atakan; Cakici, Fatih; Bektas, Bircan; Buyuk, Suleyman Kutalmış

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in a subpopulation of orthodontic patients with agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors (MLI). The material of the present study included the records of the 1964 orthodontic patients. Panoramic radiographs and dental casts were used to analyze other associated eight dental anomalies, including agenesis of other teeth, dens invaginatus, dens evaginatus, peg shaped MLI, taurodontism, pulp stone, root dilaceration and maxillary canine impaction. Out of the 1964 patients examined, 90 were found to have agenesis of MLI, representing a prevalence of 4.6%. The most commonly found associated-anomalies were agenesis of other teeth (23.3%), peg-shaped MLIs (15.6%), taurodontism (42.2%), and dilacerated teeth (18.9%). Permanent tooth agenesis, taurodontism, peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisor, and root dilacerations are frequently associated with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis.

Radiographic Assessment of Dental Maturation in Children With Dental Agenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Medina, Aida Carolina; Pozo, Rodrigo Del; de Cedres, Lucila Blanco

Dental agenesis is the most common developmental anomaly in humans, frequently associated with disorders in dental development and maturation. The purpose of this study is to determine radiographic variations in dental maturation in a group of Venezuelan children with dental agenesis. 1,188 panoramic radiographs, from healthy patients ages 5 to 12 years old were studied for agenesis of permanent teeth. Dental maturation was assessed by relative eruption and dental age according to Nolla, comparing children affected with dental agenesis to a stratified control group selected from the same population, excluding children with premature loss of primary teeth in the left quadrants and unclear radiographs. Descriptive analysis, and differences between means and medians (Student t test, Kruskall-Wallis p=0.05) were performed. Medians for Nolla stages were similar between groups, with delay in tooth formation in the agenesis group for second molars (p<0.05) and maxillary lateral incisors and second premolars. Dental age was significantly underestimated for both groups, -0.89 (±0.78) for the control group and -1.20 (±0.95) for the study group. Tooth eruption was similar between groups. Dental age was significantly delayed in Venezuelan children with dental agenesis, with variable significance for tooth formation of studied teeth.

Isolated Unilateral Pulmonary Artery Agenesis complicated by Symptomatic Aspergilloma

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Daly, A

2017-11-01

Isolated unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis is a rare diagnosis. Poor blood flow to the lung parenchyma renders the tissue susceptible to opportunistic infections. We present the unusual case of isolated unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis complicated by aspergilloma. Management options and considerations are discussed.

Patterns of third-molar agenesis and associated dental anomalies in an orthodontic population.

Science.gov (United States)

Celikoglu, Mevlut; Bayram, Mehmet; Nur, Metin

2011-12-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of dental anomalies in orthodontic patients with different patterns of third-molar agenesis, comparing them with patients without third-molar agenesis. A sample of 374 patients with agenesis of at least 1 third molar was divided into 4 groups according to the third-molar agenesis pattern, and a control group of 98 patients without third-molar agenesis was randomly selected from the patient archives. Panoramic radiographs and cast models were used to determine the associated dental anomalies, such as hypodontia, hyperdontia, impaction, dilaceration, microdontia, ectopic eruption, transposition, and transmigration. The Pearson chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to determine the differences in the distribution of the associated dental anomalies among the groups. The prevalence of agenesis of other teeth (11.2%, n = 42) was significantly greater in our study sample (groups 1-4) than in the control group (group 5) (4.1%, n = 4; P dental anomalies in patients with agenesis of 3 and 4 third molars compared with the control group. Permanent tooth agenesis, microdontia of maxillary lateral incisors, and total dental anomalies are more frequently associated with agenesis of 4 third molars than with the presence of third molars. Copyright © 2011 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Unilateral occlusion of duplicated uterus with ipsilateral renal anomaly in young girls: a study with MRI

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Y.W.; Shieh, C.P.; Chen, W.J.

1995-01-01

Twenty-four young girls (mean age 13.0 years) with unilateral occlusion of a duplicated uterus and ipsilateral renal agenesis, dysplasia or hypoplasia were studied with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) following ultrasound examination. Hydrocolpos (n=4), hydrometrocolpos (n=2), hematocolpos (n=11), hematometrocolpos (n=5), hematocolpometra, hematosalpinx (n=3) and hematometra, hematosalpinx (n=1) were noted (two of these patients had presented with hydrocolpos and hematocolpos before and after the menarche). Twenty-two of these girls presented with ipsilateral renal agenesis (right 11, left 11) with ectopic ureters to Gartner's dust cysts (GDC) in two, in one renal hypoplasia and in one renal dysplasia with ectopic ureters to GDC. MRI offered specific images of the genital tract, showing the exact type of muellerian duct anomaly and providing high diagnostic accuracy. Such preoperative identification of a uterine anomaly, complemented with appropriate surgical intervention, can assist young girls in achieving normal fertility in the future. (orig.)

Multivariate analysis of factors affecting presence and/or agenesis of third molar tooth.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammad Khursheed Alam

Full Text Available To investigate the presence and/or agenesis of third molar (M3 tooth germs in orthodontics patients in Malaysian Malay and Chinese population and evaluate the relationship between presence and/or agenesis of M3 with different skeletal malocclusion patterns and sagittal maxillomandibular jaw dimensions. Pretreatment records of 300 orthodontic patients (140 males and 160 females, 219 Malaysian Malay and 81 Chinese, average age was 16.27±4.59 were used. Third-molar agenesis was calculated with respect to race, genders, number of missing teeth, jaws, skeletal malocclusion patterns and sagittal maxillomandibular jaw dimensions. The Pearson chi-square test and ANOVA was performed to determine potential differences. Associations between various factors and M3 presence/agenesis groups were assessed using logistic regression analysis. The percentages of subjects with 1 or more M3 agenesis were 30%, 33% and 31% in the Malaysian Malay, Chinese and total population, respectively. Overall prevalence of M3 agenesis in male and female was equal (P>0.05. The frequency of the agenesis of M3s is greater in maxilla as well in the right side (P>0.05. The prevalence of M3 agenesis in those with a Class III and Class II malocclusion was relatively higher in Malaysian Malay and Malaysian Chinese population respectively. Using stepwise regression analyses, significant associations were found between Mx (P<0.05 and ANB (P<0.05 and M3 agenesis. This multivariate analysis suggested that Mx and ANB were significantly correlated with the M3 presence/agenesis.

Agenesia pulmonar unilateral Unilateral pulmonary agenesis

OpenAIRE

Maura Cavada Malcon; Claudio Mattar Malcon; Marina Neves Cavada; Paulo Eduardo Macedo Caruso; Lara Flório Real

2012-01-01

A agenesia pulmonar é uma anomalia congênita rara. Relatamos um caso de um menino de 8 anos de idade com agenesia pulmonar à esquerda sem associação com outras malformações. O diagnóstico foi realizado por achados de imagem quando o paciente apresentou sintomas como tosse, sibilância e dispneia sem melhora do quadro clínico após evolução de 30 dias.Pulmonary agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly. We report the case of an 8-year-old boy with left lung agenesis, without any other congenital mal...

Presentations of agenesis of the hemidiaphragm in an adult

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Izeldin, Osama M.; Ahmed, Mohamed E.

2008-01-01

A 67-year-old man was presented with chest tightness and vomiting of one-week duration. On physical examination bowel sounds were heard on the left chest. Plain chest x-ray, barium swallow and CT gastric scan suggested volvulus with diaphragmatic hernia. At laparotomy there was complete agenesis of the left hemidiaphragm with no diaphragmatic remnants seen and no associated lung hypoplasia. This is an extremely rare condition and careful assessment is needed to differentiate between diaphragmatic hernia and agenesis of diaphragm as more cases could be diagnosed in the future as a result of good perinatal care of agenesis of hemidiaphragm (AHD) and long term survival to adulthood. (author)

The role of Msx1 and Pax9 in pathogenetic mechanisms of tooth agenesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yani Corvianindya Rahayu

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Background: Tooth agenesis is one of the most common developmental anomalies in human, which one or a few teeth are absent because they have never formed, may cause cosmetic or occlusal harm, while severe agenesis which are relatively rare require clinical attention to support and maintain the dental function. Molecular studies have demonstrated that tooth development is under strict genetic control. Purpose: This article want to review the genetic regulating that are responsible for tooth agenesis especially the role of Msx1 and Pax9 in pathogenetic mechanisms of tooth agenesis. Review: Tooth agenesis is a consequence of a qualitatively or quantitatively impaired function of genetic networks, which regulate tooth development. Mutations in Msx1 and Pax9 genes are dominant for tooth agenesis in humans. The Pax9 gene, which codes for a paired domain-containing transcription factor that plays an essential role in the development of mammal dentition, has been associated with selective tooth agenesis in humans and mice. Conclusion: Reduced amount of functional Msx1 or Pax9 protein in the tooth forming cells is able to cause severe and selective tooth agenesis. There are differences in the frequency of agenesis of specific teeth associated with the defects in Msx1 and defects in Pax9.

Renal manifestations in children with Alagille syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Di Pinto, Diana; Adragna, Marta

2018-04-01

Alagille syndrome (AS) is a cholestatic disease secondary to scarcity of interlobular bile ducts. It is associated with extrahepatic manifestations, and renal involvement is frequent. To describe the prevalence, type and outcome of renal pathology in children with AS. The presence and outcome of renal pathology was retrospectively studied in 21 children who met AS criteria. Renal pathology was observed in 18 patients (85.7%): (1) ultrasound variations in 7 patients (6 cases of bilateral renal dysplasia and 1 case of renal agenesis); (2) distal renal tubular acidosis in 2 patients; (3) a drop in glomerular filtration and/or proteinuria in 16 patients. The frequency of a drop in glomerular filtration was similar between patients with and without pathological kidney ultrasound findings. Our study confirms a high prevalence of renal involvement, which enhances the importance of diagnosis and renal function follow-up in children with AS. Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.

Treatment of cervical agenesis with minimally invasive therapy: Case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Azami Denas Azinar

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Cervical agenesis is very rare congenital disorder case with cervical not formed. Because of cervical clogged so that menstruation can not be drained. We Report the case of a19 years old women still single with endometrioma, hematometra, cervical agenesis and perform surgery combination laparoscopy and transvaginally with laparoscopic cystectomy, neocervix, and use catheter no 24f in the new cervix. And now she can currently be normal menstruation. Minimally invasive theraphy of congenital anomalies case is recommended to save reproductive function. Keywords: Cervical agenesis, minimal invasive theraphy

Isolated bilateral congenital lacrimal gland agenesis – Report of two cases

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manar Alwohaib

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Congenital lacrimal gland agenesis, also called congenital alacrima, is a rare cause of dry eye and is characterized by aplasia or hypoplasia of lacrimal glands. We present two 5-year old children with congenital lacrimal gland agenesis. The two cases had the final diagnosis of isolated bilateral congenital lacrimal gland agenesis and we document the clinical aspects, treatment and present a literature review related to this rare condition. Keywords: Alacrima, Lacrimal gland, Lacrimal gland agenesis, Punctal plugs

The kidney in children with tyrosinemia: sonographic, CT and biochemical findings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Forget, S.; Patriquin, H.B.; Dubois, J.; Lafortune, M.; Merouani, A.; Paradis, K.; Russo, P.

1999-01-01

Background. Tyrosinemia relates to a deficiency of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase and presents early in life with central nervous system and liver abnormalities. Renal function is often impaired. Little is known about the architecture and function of the kidneys. Objective. Imaging changes on US and CT are compared to the function of the kidneys in children with tyrosinemia, and followed after liver transplantation. Materials and methods. Renal sonography, CT and renal function tests in 32 children were reviewed. Renal length, volume, echogenicity and nephrocalcinosis were evaluated. Renal function was assessed by glomerular filtration rate, and the presence of aminoaciduria, acidosis and calciuria. Seventeen children had open renal biopsy during time of liver transplantation. Histology was reviewed. Statistical analyses relating renal structure to function were performed, and repeated after transplantation. Results. The kidneys were enlarged (47%), hyperechogenic (47%) and showed nephrocalcinosis (16%). There was delayed excretion of contrast medium at CT in 64%. Aminoaciduria was present in 82% of children, hypercalciuria in 67%, tubular acidosis in 59%, and low GFR in 48%. Delayed excretion of contrast was associated with low GFR (P<0.05). Renal biopsies showed dilated tubules (81%), interstitial fibrosis (56%), glomerulosclerosis (56%) and tubular atrophy (56%). During a mean observation period of 3 years following liver transplantation, GFR improved in 50 %, tubular acidosis in 50% and hypercalciuria in 70%. No change was noted in renal size or sonographic architecture. Conclusion. Renal architecture and function are abnormal in the majority of children with tyrosinemia. Liver transplantation improves renal function in about 50% of patients, but abnormal renal size and architecture persist. (orig.)

Sonography and computerized tomography in a comparison in renal mass diseases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brommer, M.

1981-01-01

One hundred and thirteen patients with renal mass processes were examined sonographically and by computized tomography. The diagnosis was assured in 32 cases histologically, in 40 cases angiographically clinically and by the course and in 41 cases only clinically and by the course resp. by sonographic and computerized tomography control studies. The accuracy of a hit in sonography is smaller compared with computerized tomography with fast image formation. However, due to its relative safety, it is judged as the most useful technique for a first diagnossis of renal masses after ureographic diagnostic of excreta. A diagnostic procedure is proposed in which the number of necessary angiographies and diagnostic sampling surgery can be considerably reduced. (orig.) [de

Agenesis of the corpus callosum and autism: a comprehensive comparison.

Science.gov (United States)

Paul, Lynn K; Corsello, Christina; Kennedy, Daniel P; Adolphs, Ralph

2014-06-01

The corpus callosum, with its ∼200 million axons, remains enigmatic in its contribution to cognition and behaviour. Agenesis of the corpus callosum is a congenital condition in which the corpus callosum fails to develop; such individuals exhibit localized deficits in non-literal language comprehension, humour, theory of mind and social reasoning. These findings together with parent reports suggest that behavioural and cognitive impairments in subjects with callosal agenesis may overlap with the profile of autism spectrum disorders, particularly with respect to impairments in social interaction and communication. To provide a comprehensive test of this hypothesis, we directly compared a group of 26 adults with callosal agenesis to a group of 28 adults with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder but no neurological abnormality. All participants had full-scale intelligence quotient scores >78 and groups were matched on age, handedness, and gender ratio. Using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule together with current clinical presentation to assess autistic symptomatology, we found that 8/26 (about a third) of agenesis subjects presented with autism. However, more formal diagnosis additionally involving recollective parent-report measures regarding childhood behaviour showed that only 3/22 met complete formal criteria for an autism spectrum disorder (parent reports were unavailable for four subjects). We found no relationship between intelligence quotient and autism symptomatology in callosal agenesis, nor evidence that the presence of any residual corpus callosum differentiated those who exhibited current autism spectrum symptoms from those who did not. Relative to the autism spectrum comparison group, parent ratings of childhood behaviour indicated children with agenesis were less likely to meet diagnostic criteria for autism, even for those who met autism spectrum criteria as adults, and even though there was no group difference in parent report of current

Prevalence of Third Molar Agenesis: Associated Dental Anomalies in Non-Syndromic 5923 Patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Sujon, Mamun Khan; Alam, Mohammad Khursheed; Rahman, Shaifulizan Abdul

2016-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of third molar agenesis and other associated dental anomalies in Bangladeshi population and to investigate the relationship of other dental anomalies with the third molar presence/agenesis. A retrospective study was performed using panoramic radiographs of 5923 patients, who ranged in age from 10 to 50 years. All radiographs were analyzed by Planmeca Romexis® 3.0 software (Planmeca Oy, Helsinki, Finland). Pearson chi-square and one way ANOVA (Post Hoc) test were conducted. The prevalence of third molar agenesis was 38.4%. The frequency of third molar agenesis was significantly higher in females than males (p dental anomalies was 6.5%, among them hypodontia was 3.1%. Prevalence of third molar agenesis varies in different geographic region. Among the other dental anomalies hypodontia was more prevalent.

Incidence of agenesis of palmaris longus in the Andhra population of India

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

K Devi Sankar

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Background : The knowledge of Palmaris longus (PL is a growing interest for its wide role in reconstructive plastic surgeries as a donor tendon for transfer or transplant. The prevalence of the PL agenesis has been well-documented by many authors in different ethnic groups or populations. Many conventional tests for determining the presence of the PL has been described, but lamentably there are many discrepancies in confirming its presence or absence. Slight modifications of the prevailing methods can still give authenticate results. Aim : This prospective study was conducted to determine the incidence of unilateral and bilateral agenesis of PL and its association with sex and side of the limb in the Andhra population of India. Materials and Methods : A total of 942 subjects of both sexes belonging to 18-23 years were used to access the PL using various tendon examination techniques including our modified Schaeffer′s test. The data collected were analyzed by Pearsons χ2 test using SPSS software. Results : Overall agenesis of muscle in both sexes was 264 (28.0%, out of which 40.2% was seen in females and 14.7% in males with the ratio of 3:1. The unilateral agenesis was seen in 70.5% and bilateral agenesis in 29.5% subjects. The left side agenesis was seen in 51.6% and right side in 48.4% subjects. Conclusions : The prevalence of bilateral and unilateral agenesis was more common on left side with a greater likelihood in the female subjects. The proposed technique could bring better results in all subjects and can be implemented in manual examination of PL.

Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas: a rare cause of insulin-dependent diabetes without abdominal pain: Case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Liang, Kaiyong; Ou, Xiaojuan; Huang, Xukai; Lan, Qunfang

2018-03-01

Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas is a very rare condition with an unknown pathology and etiology, although it may be associated with autosomal dominant or X-linked dominant inheritance or retinoic acid and hedgehog signaling pathway alterations. This condition usually manifests with abdominal pain or pancreatitis, although some cases are asymptomatic. Approximately 50% of affected patients with this disorder present with hyperglycemia or various other anomalies. We report the case of a 23-year-old Chinese woman who visited the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism with insulin-dependent diabetes but no specific symptoms, signs, or other deformities. Severe diabetic retinopathy indicated a long period of hyperglycemia. Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas was observed incidentally during the common diagnosis of diabetes, and the diagnosis was established using magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Following the diagnosis of diabetes, insulin replacement therapy was initiated at a dosage of up to 45 U per day. The patient's blood glucose level was monitored, and the insulin dosage was adjusted accordingly. The patient's blood glucose levels gradually normalized after insulin treatment and were subsequently maintained with intensive insulin therapy. Treatment for diabetic retinopathy was provided by the Ophthalmology Department. Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas should be considered in a young patient diagnosed with diabetes who presents with obvious diabetes-related complications (e.g., renal, retinal, or neurological) inconsistent with the course of the disease or a history of other congenital anomalies. We recommend the routine use of computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging when examining young patients with diabetes.

Fetal polycystic renal disease: prenatal sonographic findings with pathologic correlation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jun, Soon Ae; Park, Yong Hyun; Cha, Sun Hee; Kay, Jung Woong; Cho, Joo Yeon; Cha, Kwang Yul; Cha, Kyung Sub; Chi, Je G.

1990-01-01

Polycystic renal disease are congenital disorders, most of which are fatal in the postnatal period. A series of ten cases of polycystic renal disease diagnosed prenatally by ultrasonography is presented. Diagnostic criteria of ultrasonography for cystic renal disease are; 1. enlarge kidney (4 cases) 2. echogenic density of kidney (3 cases) 3. 0.4 - 0.9cm sized multiple cysts within the renal cortex (3 cases) 4. decreased amount of amniotic fluid (4 cases) 5. hydronephrosis (4 cases) 6. distended bladder (2 cases) 7. absence of bladder (2 cases) Eight of ten cases were confirmed by autopsy. Seven cases had other associated congenital anomalies, i.e. pulmonary hypoplasia (5), hepatic fibrosis (3), congenital heart disease (3), tracheoesophageal fistula with imperforate anus (1), caudal regression syndrome (1), Meckel-Gruber syndrome (1) and ambiguous genitalia (2). Additional cytogenetic study of the fetus and the careful family history taking followed by prenatal diagnosis of cystic renal disease. Precise prenatal diagnosis may allow patients the option of elective abortion or may prevent unnecessary obstetric intervention

Left Pulmonary Artery Agenesis in a Pediatric Patient – Case Report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Blesneac Cristina

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly, that may develop in isolation, or in association with other congenital cardiovascular anomalies, such as tetralogy of Fallot, septal defects, right-sided aortic arch, or pulmonary atresia. Left-sided pulmonary artery agenesis is less frequent than the right-sided one. Diagnosis of unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis can be difficult. We report the case of a 15 year-old boy who presented with reduced exercise tolerance, shortness of breath and cyanosis. He was diagnosed with left pulmonary artery agenesis, associated with subaortic-ventricular septal defect, right-sided aortic arch, and severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH, that precluded the surgical repair. Pulmonary vasodilator therapy was initiated in this case. The mortality rate of this rare anomaly is high due to its complications. It is essential to establish an early and correct diagnosis, in order to provide adequate treatment and prevent complications in this disease.

The grade of vesicoureteral reflux in voiding cystourethrography: comparison with ultrasonography and Tc99m-DMSA renal scintigraphy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1998-01-01

To evaluate the prevalence of abnormalities seen on sonography and renal scintigraphy, according to the grade of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) on in voiding cystourethrography(VCUG). One hundred and forty-nine patients (age range: 1 months-10 years) with urinary tract infection underwent sonography, VCUG, and renal scans, and 32 showed VUR on VCUG. We retrospectively evaluated the frequency and characteristic findings of sonographic abnormalities according to the grade of VUR, and also the frequency of cortical defects seen on renal scans of 32 patients with VUR. The remaining 117 patients without VUR were also evaluated for the frequency of abnormal findings seen on sonography and renal scans. Among 32 patients (49 kidneys) with VUR, abnormal findings were not detected in 17 (29 kidneys) on sonography; thus, findings were abnormal in 15 (20 kidneys, 41%). Among these 20 kidneys, renal calyceal and/or pelvic dilatation and dilatation of distal ureter were seen in 11, all of which were grade 4-5 VUR. Renal pelvic dilatation only was noted in eight kidneys; two were grade 1-3 and six were grade 4-5 VUR. Nineteen patients (24 kidneys, 49%) showed focal cortical defects on renal scintigraphy. Six kidneys were grade 1-3, and 18 kidneys were grade 4-5 VUR. Of 117 patients without VUR, 34 patients (29%) showed renal pelvic dilatation on sonography and in 14 patients (12%), cortical defects were seen on renal scintigraphy. Among 32 patients with VUR, 41% showed abnormal sonographic findings and in 49%, cortical defects were seen on renal scintigraphy. With a higher grade of VUR, the prevalence of abnormalities increased on both sonography and renal scintigraphy. Sonographic demonstration of renal caliceal and/or pelvic dilatation associated with ipsilateral distal ureteric dilatation was the characteristic finding in high grade VUR.=20

Agenesis of internal carotid artery associated with congenital anterior hypopituitarism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moon, W.-J.; Porto, L.; Lanfermann, H.; Zanella, F.E.; Weis, R.

2002-01-01

We report a rare case of unilateral agenesis of the internal carotid artery in association with congenital anterior hypopituitarism. The collateral circulation is supplied by a transsellar intercavernous anastomotic vessel connecting the internal carotid arteries. These abnormalities are well depicted on MRI and MRA. The agenesis of the internal carotid artery may explain the pathogenesis of some of congenital anterior hypopituitarism. (orig.)

Agenesia pulmonar unilateral Unilateral pulmonary agenesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maura Cavada Malcon

2012-08-01

Full Text Available A agenesia pulmonar é uma anomalia congênita rara. Relatamos um caso de um menino de 8 anos de idade com agenesia pulmonar à esquerda sem associação com outras malformações. O diagnóstico foi realizado por achados de imagem quando o paciente apresentou sintomas como tosse, sibilância e dispneia sem melhora do quadro clínico após evolução de 30 dias.Pulmonary agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly. We report the case of an 8-year-old boy with left lung agenesis, without any other congenital malformations. When the patient presented symptoms, including cough, wheezing, and dyspnea, with no clinical improvement after a period of 30 days, imaging studies were conducted and the diagnosis was made.

Pancreas and gallbladder agenesis in a newborn with semilobar holoprosencephaly, a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Hilbrands, Robert; Keymolen, Kathelijn; Michotte, Alex; Marichal, Miriam; Cools, Filip; Goossens, Anieta; Veld, Peter In't; De Schepper, Jean; Hattersley, Andrew; Heimberg, Harry

2017-05-19

Pancreatic agenesis is an extremely rare cause of neonatal diabetes mellitus and has enabled the discovery of several key transcription factors essential for normal pancreas and beta cell development. We report a case of a Caucasian female with complete pancreatic agenesis occurring together with semilobar holoprosencephaly (HPE), a more common brain developmental disorder. Clinical findings were later confirmed by autopsy, which also identified agenesis of the gallbladder. Although the sequences of a selected set of genes related to pancreas agenesis or HPE were wild-type, the patient's phenotype suggests a genetic defect that emerges early in embryonic development of brain, gallbladder and pancreas. Developmental defects of the pancreas and brain can occur together. Identifying the genetic defect may identify a novel key regulator in beta cell development.

Sirenomelia with agenesis of corpus callosum.

Science.gov (United States)

Shirani, Shapour; Rekabi, Vahab; Kamalian, Naser

2006-07-01

Sirenomelia is a very rare anomaly presented with fusion of the lower limbs. Genitourinary, neural tube, and vertebral anomalies are found in most cases. We report a case of sirenomelia with agenesis of corpus callosum, which has not been reported previously.

MRI findings of type II sacral agenesis: A case report and literature review

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Sang A; Kim, Myung Soon; Kwon, Woo Cheol [Dept. of Radiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju (Korea, Republic of)

2016-07-15

Sacral agenesis (or caudal regression syndrome) is a rare congenital anomaly involving various levels of coccygeal, sacral, and even lumbar or lower thoracic vertebral dysgenesis, as well as spinal cord abnormalities. A few cases have been previously reported in Korea, especially based upon MRI findings. We describe a case of a 4-year-old girl with partially bilateral agenesis of the sacrum (type II), and club-shaped (chisel-shaped) spinal cord disruption. We also review MRI findings of sacral agenesis, focused on classification and radiological findings.

Hypohyperdontia: Agenesis of three third molars and mandibular centrals associated with midline supernumerary tooth in mandible

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sivakumar Nuvvula

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Agenesis of teeth in a patient who also presents with a supernumerary tooth is one of the rare numerical anomalies in human dentition. Agenesis of third molars was shown to be associated with other missing permanent teeth. A review of literature on hypodontia including third molar agenesis, hyperdontia and a concomitant presence of these two conditions which is termed as hypohyperdontia is presented along with a case showing agenesis of three third molars, both mandibular central incisors and a midline supernumerary tooth.

A case of Klippel-Feil syndrome with renal agenesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mehmet Karakoç

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS is is a rare syndrome that characterized by fusion of at least two congenital vertebrae in the cervical region. The most common characteristics of KFS are short neck, low nuchal hair line and restricted joint mobility of the cervical region.Addititonal features are scoliosis, sipina bifida, cervical rib, Sprengel deformity and facial asymmetry, and renal and cardiac anomalies. In this report a 10 years old girl was admitted with complaints of short stature and abnormal neck curvature. Physical examination of the patient revealed short neck, low nuchal hair line, and Sprengel’s deformity, height hard palate, facial asymmetry and torticollis. Cervical paravertebral muscle spasm was found on the left as (+ / right (+ +. Muscle tone, muscle strength, reflexes and sensory examination were found to be normal. Radiological examination of the C4-5 and C6-7 cervical region revealed the loss of inteverebral disc spaces and block vertebra. Also there was hemivertebra anomaly and aplasia of odontoid process. Abdominal and pelvic ultrasound examination revelaed absence of right kidney. Echocardiographical examination gave no abnormality. The case was presented in order to draw attention to KFS with renal agenesia in the light of current literature.

A case of total agenesis of the corpus callosum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sakamoto, Masanobu; Takeda, Katsuhiko; Bandou, Mitsuaki; Murayama, Shigeo; Sakuta, Manabu

1985-01-01

We have reported a case of agenesis of the corpus callosum, in which NMR-CT revealed a complete defect of it, and have examined the localization of the speech center of this patient. The patient is a right-handed 26-year-old man who has complained of headache on the parietal region. His neurological examination revealed only a mild mental difficulty (IQ 77). X-ray CT showed the lateral ventricles to be separated widely and the posterior horns dilated, which were compatible with the agenesis of the corpus callosum. Further, NMR-CT has revealed a total agenesis of the corpus callosum. NMR-CT seems to be highly useful for the detection of the degree of the callosal defect. We have carried out the intracarotid amobarbital injection (Wada's test) for the determination of the lateralization of cerebral speech dominance. It had been reported by some authors that when it comes to the cerebral speech dominance, acallosal patients had no difference between each hemisphere. However, our results have demonstrated a left sided dominance. (author)

Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia.

Science.gov (United States)

Morley, Nicholas; Grant, Thomas; Blount, Kevin; Omar, Imran

2016-05-01

Athletic pubalgia, or "sports hernia", represents a constellation of pathologic conditions occurring at and around the pubic symphysis. These injuries are primarily seen in athletes or those involved in athletic activity. In this article, we review the sonographic appearance of the relevant complex anatomy, scanning technique for ultrasound evaluation of athletic pubalgia, and the sonographic appearances of associated pathologic conditions.

The prevalence and causes of MSI amongst sonographers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morton, Becky; Delf, Penny

2008-01-01

The concept for this article came from the observation of sonographers at work and by reviewing the literature; it aims to consider the prevalence and causes of musculoskeletal injuries amongst sonographers. Emerging themes were analysed using the comparison of study results to verify and validate findings. Several important themes were identified in the literature: symptoms, prevalence and causes of musculoskeletal injury (MSI) among sonographers. The prevalence of MSI is apparently high; the average from the literature being 81%. However, many sonographers have not been diagnosed with musculoskeletal injuries, seeing their pain and discomfort as part of their job. Many areas of a sonographers' job have been reported as being possible causes of MSI. Posture, equipment, increased workload, and lack of breaks are just a few causes which are explored below

Analysis of renal blood flow and renal volume in normal fetuses and in fetuses with a solitary functioning kidney.

Science.gov (United States)

Hindryckx, An; Raaijmakers, Anke; Levtchenko, Elena; Allegaert, Karel; De Catte, Luc

2017-12-01

To evaluate renal blood flow and renal volume for the prediction of postnatal renal function in fetuses with solitary functioning kidney (SFK). Seventy-four SFK fetuses (unilateral renal agenesis [12], multicystic dysplastic kidney [36], and severe renal dysplasia [26]) were compared with 58 healthy fetuses. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), pulsatility index (PI), and resistance index (RI) of the renal artery (RA) were measured; 2D and 3D (VOCAL) volumes were calculated. Renal length and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were obtained in SFK children (2 years). Compared with the control group, the PSV RA was significantly lower in nonfunctioning kidneys and significantly higher in SFK. Volume measurements indicated a significantly larger volume of SFK compared with healthy kidneys. All but 4 children had GFR above 70 mL/min/1.73 m 2 , and compensatory hypertrophy was present in 69% at 2 years. PSV RA and SFK volume correlated with postnatal renal hypertrophy. No correlation between prenatal and postnatal SFK volume and GFR at 2 years was demonstrated. Low PSV RA might have a predictive value for diagnosing a nonfunctioning kidney in fetuses with a SFK. We demonstrated a higher PSV RA and larger renal volume in the SFK compared with healthy kidneys. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Sonographic features of gastrointestinal lymphoma in 15 dogs.

Science.gov (United States)

Frances, M; Lane, A E; Lenard, Z M

2013-09-01

The purpose of this study is to describe the sonographic appearance of lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract in dogs. A retrospective review was conducted and patients with gastrointestinal lymphoma diagnosed by histopathology (including immunohistochemistry, where available) or cytology that had an abdominal ultrasound were included. Four of 15 (26·7%) cases with histopathologically confirmed lymphoma exhibited no sonographic abnormalities. In the dogs with sonographic abnormalities, features including intestinal wall thickness and the presence or absence of wall layering were highly variable. Clinical signs pertaining to the gastrointestinal tract were also unreliable markers of gastrointestinal lymphoma, with weight loss, vomiting, and diarrhoea being uncommon presenting complaints; intestinal obstruction was not present in any patient. The sonographic appearance of gastrointestinal lymphoma in dogs is non-specific. Gastrointestinal lymphoma in dogs should be maintained as a differential diagnosis despite a sonographically normal appearing bowel. © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.

Tooth agenesis and craniofacial morphology in pre-orthodontic children with and without morphological deviations in the upper cervical spine

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jasemi, Ashkan; Sonnesen, Liselotte

2016-01-01

AIM: To analyze differences in prevalence and pattern of tooth agenesis and craniofacial morphology between non syndromic children with tooth agenesis with and without upper cervical spine morphological deviations and to analyze associations between craniofacial morphology and tooth agenesis...... in the two groups together. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-six pre-orthodontic children with tooth agenesis were divided into two groups with (19 children, mean age 11.9) and without (107 children, mean age 11.4) upper spine morphological deviations. Visual assessment of upper spine morphology...... and measurements of craniofacial morphology were performed on lateral cephalograms. Tooth agenesis was evaluated from orthopantomograms. RESULTS: No significant differences in tooth agenesis and craniofacial morphology were found between children with and without upper spine morphological deviations (2.2 ± 1.6 vs...

Ultrasound-guided renal biopsy: experience using an automated core biopsy system.

Science.gov (United States)

Chan, R; Common, A A; Marcuzzi, D

2000-04-01

To assess the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy using an automated core biopsy system, and to determine radiologists' accuracy in predicting sample adequacy. Ninety-five biopsies were performed on 25 native kidneys and 70 renal allografts using a 16-gauge automated, spring-loaded core biopsy device under real-time sonographic guidance. Radiologists performing the biopsy estimated the number of core samples needed to obtain an adequate specimen, based on visual inspection of each core. The final determination of the number of samples was made by a pathology technologist who attended each biopsy, based on preliminary microscopic examination of tissue cores. After each biopsy, an ultrasonographic examination was performed to search for biopsy-related hemorrhage, and a questionnaire was given to the patient to determine biopsy-related complications, which were categorized as either minor or major. The main indication for biopsy was acute renal failure (in 43.2% of biopsies). An average of 3 tissue cores per biopsy were obtained. Of the 94 patients in whom a biopsy was conducted to exclude diffuse renal disease, a mean of 12.5 glomeruli were present in each specimen. Overall, adequate tissue for diagnosis was obtained in 98.9% of cases. The radiologists' estimate of the number of core samples needed concurred with the pathology technologists' determination of sample adequacy in 88.4% of cases. A total of 26 complications occurred (in 27.4% of biopsies), consisting of 23 minor (24.2%) and 3 major (3.2%) complications. Real-time sonographic guidance in conjunction with an automated core biopsy system is a safe and accurate method of performing percutaneous renal biopsy. Routine use of sonographic examinations to search for biopsy-related complications is not indicated. Radiologists are accurate in estimating sample adequacy in most cases; however, the presence of a pathology technologist at the biopsy procedure virtually eliminates the

Congenital renal anomalies in cloacal exstrophy: Is there a difference?

Science.gov (United States)

Suson, K D; Inouye, B; Carl, A; Gearhart, J P

2016-08-01

. There were also clinical implications. Women with renal agenesis and uterine anomalies were more likely to have endometriosis than those with isolated uterine anomalies, but were also more likely to have successful pregnancies. Males may have had an analogous condition with renal agenesis and seminal vesicle cysts. Future research into long-term kidney function in this population, uterine function, and possible male sexual duct malformation is warranted. Congenital renal anomalies occurred frequently in children with CE. They were more common in boys than in girls. Girls with abnormal Müllerian anatomy were more likely to have anomalous renal development. Mesonephric duct dysfunction may be embyologically responsible for both renal and Müllerian maldevelopment. Copyright © 2016 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Sonographic Findings of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Associated Nodular Lesions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kang, Bong Joo; Park, Young Ha; Jung, So Lyung; Chung, Soo Kyo

2007-01-01

To evaluate the sonographic findings of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and associated nodular lesions. We retrospectively reviewed the sonographic findings of twenty patients who had surgically confirmed Hashimoto's thyroiditis between 1 March 2005, and 26 November 2005. In these patients, we reviewed the sonographic findings of the associated focal nodular lesion. Assessed were size, homogeneity, and echogenicity of the diseased thyroid gland and shape, echogenicity, margin, rim, microcal cification of the associated nodules. Without knowledge of the pathological diagnosis of the nodular lesions, based on the sonographic criteria, the nodules were classified as either malignant or benign. Hashimoto's thyroiditis demonstrates a variety of sonographic findings for size, homogeneity, and echogenicity. Among the nineteen nodules that were sonographically diagnosed and pathologically confirmed, nine papillary cancers, seven nodular hyperplasias, two Huthle cell adenomas, and one focal hyalinized fibrosing nodule were included. All of the nine papillary cancers showed more than one malignant finding such as marked hypoechogenicity, an irregular shape, a taller than wide shape, a spiculated margin, or microcalcifications that were classified as malignant nodulea, and all of the ten benign nodules showed no malignant findings. Circumscribed isoechoic, hyperechoic, or hypoechoic nodules without calcification were classified as bending nodules. Hashimoto's thyroiditis demonstrates various findings on a sonographic examination,and associated various benign and malignant lesions. Moreover, a sonographic examination is helpful to differentiate between malignant and benign lesions in Hashimoto's thyroiditis as in the normal thyroid

Securing the airway in a child with tracheal agenesis – an alternative perspective

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Slavomir Nosal

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Tracheal agenesis is an extremely rare, typically fatal congenital anomaly characterised by typical clinical manifestation, failed endotracheal intubation and difficult emergency management. The prognosis and possibility of surgical correction rest on early diagnosis, anatomy, birth weight, and associated anomalies. Tracheal agenesis causes considerable resuscitation difficulties immediately after birth, as tracheal intubation is impossible. Although emergency management, by either bag and mask ventilation or oesophageal intubation, provides some pulmonary gas exchange through tracheo-oesophageal connection, they are associated with overdistension of the stomach and the risk of stomach perforation. We have performed selective intubation of the distal trachea in a child with tracheal agenesis through the tracheo-oesophageal connection with the help of a fibroendoscope. A standard guide wire was passed through the working port of the flexible endoscope and under direct vision was directed through the tracheo-oesophageal connection into the distal trachea. At this point, the endoscope was removed, leaving the guide wire in place. The endotracheal tube size 2 Fr was passed over the guide wire into the distal trachea. The infant showed dramatic improvement and maintained good saturations on mechanical ventilation. The infant was taken for a computed tomography (CT scan, which showed Floyd’s type II tracheal agenesis, the oesophagus connecting with the distal trachea before it bifurcates. The endotracheal tube was seen ending in the carina. Transoesophageal intubation of the short distal segment of the trachea through the tracheo-oesophageal connection might offer a new perspective for short-term securing of the airway in a child with tracheal agenesis and should be considered in any child with suspected tracheal agenesis to buy the time while evaluating the exact anatomy of the anomaly and the possibility of tracheal reconstruction in selected

Sonographic findings of space occupying lesions in liver

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, In One; Choi, B I; Kim, J W [Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1982-12-15

Gray scale ultrasonography is used with increasing frequency for the detection and characterization of hepatic space occupying lesions. Authors analyzed sonographic findings of 73 cases of hepatic space occupying lesions,which had been confirmed histologically or diagnosed clinically. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Most common sonographic pattern of hepatic neoplasms was well-defined increased echogenic mass. No significant sonographic difference was noted between primary and metastatic tumor. Splenomegaly and distortion of hepatic echoes favored hepatocellular carcinoma, and multiplicity favored metastatic tumor. 2. Most common sonographic pattern of hepatic abscess was well-defined decreased echogenecity or echoless cystic lesion containing fine low level echoes with posterior enhancement. 3. Hepatic cyst showed sharply defined echoless cystic lesion with strong posterior enhancement

Gallbladder Agenesis with Refractory Choledocholithiasis

OpenAIRE

Tjaden, Jamie; Patel, Kevin; Aadam, Aziz

2015-01-01

Congenital agenesis of the gallbladder is a rare anomaly which is usually asymptomatic and found incidentally. In some cases, however, patients are symptomatic. Common symptoms include right upper quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Jaundice is present in some symptomatic cases and is due to associated choledocholithiasis (Fiaschetti et al. 2009). In this case, a 63-year-old female presents with jaundice and episodic right upper quadrant abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Bil...

Bartsocas-Papas syndrome with internal anomalies: evidence for a more generalized epithelial defect or new syndrome?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hennekam, R. C.; Huber, J.; Variend, D.

1994-01-01

We report on two Dutch sibs with external anomalies compatible with Bartsocas-Papas syndrome, who also had internal anomalies: bilateral renal agenesis in one, and esophageal atresia, hypoplastic diaphragma, unilateral renal agenesis, agenesis of the shaft of the penis, and anal atresia in the other

Sonographic Characteristics and Interval Changes of Subacute Thyroiditis.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Yoo Jin; Kim, Dong Wook

2016-08-01

This study aimed to assess the sonographic characteristics and interval changes of subacute thyroiditis using follow-up sonography. From January 2008 to December 2014, 85 patients with clinically suspected subacute thyroiditis underwent sonographic examinations by a single radiologist. Subacute thyroiditis was confirmed on the basis of the clinical, sonographic, and cytohistopathologic findings. On the initial and follow-up sonograms, the individual sonographic findings and interval changes were retrospectively investigated by the same radiologist. According to the sonographic configuration, subacute thyroiditis lesions were categorized as nodular or non-nodular. The interval changes in the lesions were classified as follows: "disappeared," "decreased," "increased," "eventually smaller," "eventually larger," or "no interval change." Subacute thyroiditis was confirmed in 64 of the 85 patients. In these 64 patients, nodular (n = 39) and non-nodular (n = 35) lesions were found; 10 patients had both nodular and non-nodular lesions. Of the 64 patients, 41 underwent sonographic follow-up. In both nodular and non-nodular lesions, the common interval changes included disappeared, decreased, and eventually smaller patterns. Although the increased pattern was found only in 4 nodular lesions, there was no significant difference in the interval changes between nodular and non-nodular lesions. On follow-up sonography, a new lesion was detected in 6 patients. The prevalence rate of nodular subacute thyroiditis lesions on sonography was high, and the interval changes in the lesions were variable.

Sonographic Features of Nodular Hashimoto Thyroiditis.

Science.gov (United States)

Oppenheimer, Daniel Corey; Giampoli, Ellen; Montoya, Simone; Patel, Swapnil; Dogra, Vikram

2016-09-01

The aim of the study was to analyze the sonographic features of nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) in patients with diffuse background thyroiditis and normal background thyroid parenchyma. Eighty-six patients who had fine-needle aspiration biopsy of 100 thyroid nodules confirmed to be HT and a thyroid ultrasound within 1 year of the biopsy were included in the study. Retrospective analysis of several sonographic features of each nodule was then performed. The mean age of patients with nodular HT was 53 years, 84% of which were female. Nodular HT occurred in a background of diffuse thyroiditis in 85% and in a homogeneous normal background in 15%. Ninety-three percent of nodules were completely solid and 7% of nodules were cystic and solid. Although the sonographic appearance of nodular HT was variable, the most common appearance was a solid (93/100) and hypoechoic nodule (44/100) with a thin hypoechoic halo (42/100) without calcifications (96/100). On color Doppler, 17% of nodules showed peripheral hypervascularity, 14% of nodules were diffusely hypervascular, 34% were iso vascular, 32% were hypovascular, and 3% were avascular. The sonographic appearance of nodular HT was not significantly different in patients with diffuse background thyroiditis compared with those without background thyroiditis. The sonographic appearance of nodular HT is variable, but the most common appearance is a solid sharply circumscribed hypoechoic nodule with thin hypoechoic halo without calcification. There was no significant difference in the appearance of nodular HT in patients with diffuse background thyroiditis compared with patients with normal background thyroid parenchyma.

Enamel renal syndrome with associated amelogenesis imperfecta, nephrolithiasis, and hypocitraturia: A case report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhesania, Dhvani; Arora, Ankit; Kapoor, Sonali

2015-01-01

Numerous cases of enamel renal syndrome have been previously reported. Various terms, such as enamel renal syndrome, amelogenesis imperfecta and gingival fibromatosis syndrome, and enamel-renal-gingival syndrome, have been used for patients presenting with the dental phenotype characteristic of this condition, nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis, and gingival findings. This report describes a case of amelogenesis imperfecta of the enamel agenesis variety with nephrolithiasis in a 21-year-old male patient who complained of small teeth. The imaging modalities employed were conventional radiography, cone-beam computed tomography, and renal sonography. Such cases are first encountered by dentists, as other organ or metabolic diseases are generally hidden. Hence, cases of amelogenesis imperfecta should be subjected to advanced diagnostic modalities, incorporating both dental and medical criteria, in order to facilitate comprehensive long-term management

Enamel renal syndrome with associated amelogenesis imperfecta, nephrolithiasis, and hypocitraturia: A case report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bhesania, Dhvani; Arora, Ankit; Kapoor, Sonali [Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manubhai Patel Dental College, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Vadodara (India)

2015-09-15

Numerous cases of enamel renal syndrome have been previously reported. Various terms, such as enamel renal syndrome, amelogenesis imperfecta and gingival fibromatosis syndrome, and enamel-renal-gingival syndrome, have been used for patients presenting with the dental phenotype characteristic of this condition, nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis, and gingival findings. This report describes a case of amelogenesis imperfecta of the enamel agenesis variety with nephrolithiasis in a 21-year-old male patient who complained of small teeth. The imaging modalities employed were conventional radiography, cone-beam computed tomography, and renal sonography. Such cases are first encountered by dentists, as other organ or metabolic diseases are generally hidden. Hence, cases of amelogenesis imperfecta should be subjected to advanced diagnostic modalities, incorporating both dental and medical criteria, in order to facilitate comprehensive long-term management.

Enamel renal syndrome with associated amelogenesis imperfecta, nephrolithiasis, and hypocitraturia: A case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Bhesania, Dhvani; Arora, Ankit; Kapoor, Sonali

2015-09-01

Numerous cases of enamel renal syndrome have been previously reported. Various terms, such as enamel renal syndrome, amelogenesis imperfecta and gingival fibromatosis syndrome, and enamel-renal-gingival syndrome, have been used for patients presenting with the dental phenotype characteristic of this condition, nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis, and gingival findings. This report describes a case of amelogenesis imperfecta of the enamel agenesis variety with nephrolithiasis in a 21-year-old male patient who complained of small teeth. The imaging modalities employed were conventional radiography, cone-beam computed tomography, and renal sonography. Such cases are first encountered by dentists, as other organ or metabolic diseases are generally hidden. Hence, cases of amelogenesis imperfecta should be subjected to advanced diagnostic modalities, incorporating both dental and medical criteria, in order to facilitate comprehensive long-term management.

Individual renal function study using dynamic computed tomography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fukuda, Yutaka; Kiya, Keiichi; Suzuki, Yoshiharu

1990-01-01

Dynamic CT scans of individual kindneys were obtained after an intravenous bolus injection of contrast agent. Time-density curves measured from the renal cortex, medulla and pelvis revealed the changes in density produced by the contrast agent reflecting the differential phase of renal function. Renal cortical density increased rapidly after bolus administration and then renal medullary and pelvic density increased continuously. In analyzing time-density curve, the cortico-medullary junction time, which is the time when the cortical and medullary curves cross was 57±8 seconds in patients with normal renal function. The cortico-medullary junction time was delayed in patient with decreased glomerular filtration rate. The cortico-pelvic junction time, which is the time when the cortical and pelvic curves cross was 104±33 seconds in patients with normal renal function. The cortico-pelvic junction time was delayed in patients with declined urinary concentrating capacity. In patients with unilateral renal agenesis and patients who were treated surgically by ureteral sprits, the relationship between individual renal functions and these junction times was examined. As a result of study there were inversely significant correlations between C-M junction time and unilateral GFR and between C-P junction time and urinary concentrating capacity. These studies indicate that dynamic CT scanning is an effective way that individual renal function can be monitored and evaluated. (author)

Research utilisation in sonographic practice: Attitudes and barriers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elliott, Vicki; Wilson, Stephanie E.; Svensson, Jon; Brennan, Patrick

2009-01-01

Statutory agents have stipulated that research activity is a fundamental component of the healthcare professional's activity. Whilst the College of Radiographers have emphasised the importance of imaging personnel embracing this research ethos, there is little available data on the level of research activity within sonographic practice or on the factors that influence a sonographer's involvement in research activities. This work attempts to address these deficiencies. A questionnaire was sent to 300 UK-based sonographers of whom 218 responded (72%). The questionnaire was specifically designed to establish the level of involvement in research, the utilisation of research findings, attitudes towards research and perceived barriers to active research involvement. Responses were analysed investigating any correlations with the population demographics. The data collected showed the majority of sonographers (89%) were enthusiastic about research but with only 33% and 60% currently or previously performing research, respectively, and 73% using research findings to modify their clinical practice. Certain barriers to an active research involvement were shown, with 63%, 55% and 40% citing lack of time, education and collegial support, respectively. A range of statistical findings were linked to particular sonographer groups. The importance of good organisational structures and effective support from fellow health professionals was highlighted. The results confirm sonographers' appreciation of the benefits of research and it is suggested that if this enthusiasm is translated into effective research strategies, research output from ultrasound and other clinical departments should be enhanced.

Gallbladder agenesis in a Chihuahua.

Science.gov (United States)

Kamishina, Hiroaki; Katayama, Masaaki; Okamura, Yasuhiko; Sasaki, Jun; Chiba, Satoshi; Goryo, Masanobu; Sato, Reeko; Yasuda, Jun

2010-07-01

A 4-year-old neutered male Chihuahua was presented with a history of anorexia and vomiting. Continuous elevation of liver enzymes was found on repeated blood examinations and the dog was referred to us for further evaluation. The absence of gallbladder was suspected on ultrasonography. Exploratory laparotomy and retrograde cholangiography confirmed gallbladder agenesis and a possible hypoplasia of the right medial and lateral liver lobes. Histologically, proliferation of bile ductules associated with portal fibrosis and pseudolobular formation were apparent in the liver lobes.

MR diagnosis of penile agenesis: is it just absence of a phallus?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goenka, Ajit; Jain, Vaibhav; Sharma, Raju; Gupta, Arun K. [All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Radiodiagnosis, New Delhi (India); Bajpai, Minu [All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Paediatric Surgery, New Delhi (India)

2008-10-15

Penile agenesis is an extremely rare anomaly that results from absence of the genital tubercle or its failure to develop into a penis during embryonic life. Associated anomalies of the genitourinary and distal gastrointestinal tracts are frequently present. Imaging modalities, particularly MRI and cystography, play a crucial role in establishing the diagnosis and guiding further management. We report a child with penile agenesis with a urethroanal fistula and a blind-ending anterior urethra who had been reared as a male until presentation. (orig.)

Analysis of renal anomalies in VACTERL association.

Science.gov (United States)

Cunningham, Bridget K; Khromykh, Alina; Martinez, Ariel F; Carney, Tyler; Hadley, Donald W; Solomon, Benjamin D

2014-10-01

VACTERL association refers to a combination of congenital anomalies that can include: vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, cardiac malformations, tracheo-esophageal fistula with esophageal atresia, renal anomalies (typically structural renal anomalies), and limb anomalies. We conducted a description of a case series to characterize renal findings in a cohort of patients with VACTERL association. Out of the overall cohort, 48 patients (with at least three component features of VACTERL and who had abdominal ultrasound performed) met criteria for analysis. Four other patients were additionally analyzed separately, with the hypothesis that subtle renal system anomalies may occur in patients who would not otherwise meet criteria for VACTERL association. Thirty-three (69%) of the 48 patients had a clinical manifestation affecting the renal system. The most common renal manifestation (RM) was vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in addition to a structural defect (present in 27%), followed by unilateral renal agenesis (24%), and then dysplastic/multicystic kidneys or duplicated collected system (18% for each). Twenty-two (88%) of the 25 patients with a structural RM had an associated anorectal malformation. Individuals with either isolated lower anatomic anomalies, or both upper and lower anatomic anomalies were not statistically more likely to have a structural renal defect than those with isolated upper anatomic anomalies (p = 0.22, p = 0.284, respectively). Given the high prevalence of isolated VUR in our cohort, we recommend a screening VCUG or other imaging modality be obtained to evaluate for VUR if initial renal ultrasound shows evidence of obstruction or renal scarring, as well as ongoing evaluation of renal health. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Renal sonographic findings of type I glycogen storage disease in infancy and early childhood

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lin, Chun-Chen; Lin, Shuan-Pei [Mackay Memorial Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei (Taiwan); Tsai, Jeng-Daw; Lee, Hung-Chang [Mackay Memorial Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei (Taiwan); Taipei Medical University, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei (Taiwan)

2005-08-01

Type I glycogen storage disease (GSD-I) is an inherited disorder affecting glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. The characteristic manifestations are hepatomegaly, hypoglycemia, hyperlacticacidemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipidemia. Renal disease is regarded as a long-term complication and is reported mainly in older patients. We report the renal manifestations and renal ultrasonographic findings of GSD-I in infancy and early childhood in order to assess the role of renal sonography in the diagnosis of GSD-I. We retrospectively reviewed our hospital's database for patients with GSD-I from January 1993 to September 2004. The records of five patients were reviewed for this study. These five patients were diagnosed when they were younger than 3 years old. Data extracted from the charts included the initial extrarenal and renal manifestations, laboratory data, and imaging studies. We analyzed the indications for, and results of, renal sonography. In addition to the clinical presentations and laboratory abnormalities, all five children had nephromegaly and increased echogenicity on ultrasonography on their first visit, although only a minor degree of tubular dysfunction was noted clinically. Three of these five patients had nephrocalcinosis or renal stones or both. Hyperechoic large kidneys, nephrocalcinosis, and renal stones are common in GSD-I. They can be present in early infancy. Abnormalities on renal sonography might suggest GSD-I in a patient with suspected inborn errors of metabolism. (orig.)

A 'snapshot' of the visual search behaviours of medical sonographers.

Science.gov (United States)

Carrigan, Ann J; Brennan, Patrick C; Pietrzyk, Mariusz; Clarke, Jillian; Chekaluk, Eugene

2015-05-01

Introduction : Visual search is a task that humans perform in everyday life. Whether it involves looking for a pen on a desk or a mass in a mammogram, the cognitive and perceptual processes that underpin these tasks are identical. Radiologists are experts in visual search of medical images and studies on their visual search behaviours have revealed some interesting findings with regard to diagnostic errors. In Australia, within the modality of ultrasound, sonographers perform the diagnostic scan, select images and present to the radiologist for reporting. Therefore the visual task and potential for errors is similar to a radiologist. Our aim was to explore and understand the detection, localisation and eye-gaze behaviours of a group of qualified sonographers. Method : We measured clinical performance and analysed diagnostic errors by presenting fifty sonographic breast images that varied on cancer present and degree of difficulty to a group of sonographers in their clinical workplace. For a sub-set of sonographers we obtained eye-tracking metrics such as time-to-first fixation, total visit duration and cumulative dwell time heat maps. Results : The results indicate that the sonographers' clinical performance was high and the eye-tracking metrics showed diagnostic error types similar to those found in studies on radiologist visual search. Conclusion : This study informs us about sonographer visual search patterns and highlights possible ways to improve diagnostic performance via targeted education.

A Correlation between Renal Anomalies and Vesicoureteral Reflux

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Seung Soo; Kim, Young Tong; Kim, Il Young; Shin, Hyeong Cheol

2011-01-01

To investigate the frequency of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children with renal anomalies a evaluate the correlation between renal anomalies and VUR. Eighty-one children (1 day-8 years) with renal anomalies underwent voiding cystourethrogram between 2006 and 2009 were reviewed. This study included ureteropelvic junction stenosis (n = 32), ureteropelvic duplication (n = 20), multicystic dysplastic kidney (n = 12), fusion anomaly (n = 11), renal agenesis (n = 3), unilateral renal hypoplasia (n = 2), and ectopic kidney (n = 1). The frequency, grade, and location of VUR were evaluated. The grade of VUR according to age and anomaly type was statistically analyzed, and the patients with VUR were followed. The VUR was present in 14 (17.3%); ipsilateral VUR was present in 8 (57.1%), bilateral VUR in 4 (28.6%), and contralateral VUR in 2 (14.2%). VUR was detected in 9 patients under the age of one. There was no statistical correlation between VUR grade and either age or anomaly type of the nine patients showed continuous VUR on up. The frequency of VUR in children with renal anomalies was 17.3%. VUR was most frequently detected in children under the age of one, and VUR grade was not related to age and anomaly type.

A Correlation between Renal Anomalies and Vesicoureteral Reflux

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Seung Soo; Kim, Young Tong; Kim, Il Young; Shin, Hyeong Cheol [Dept. of Radiology, Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan (Korea, Republic of)

2011-12-15

To investigate the frequency of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children with renal anomalies a evaluate the correlation between renal anomalies and VUR. Eighty-one children (1 day-8 years) with renal anomalies underwent voiding cystourethrogram between 2006 and 2009 were reviewed. This study included ureteropelvic junction stenosis (n = 32), ureteropelvic duplication (n = 20), multicystic dysplastic kidney (n = 12), fusion anomaly (n = 11), renal agenesis (n = 3), unilateral renal hypoplasia (n = 2), and ectopic kidney (n = 1). The frequency, grade, and location of VUR were evaluated. The grade of VUR according to age and anomaly type was statistically analyzed, and the patients with VUR were followed. The VUR was present in 14 (17.3%); ipsilateral VUR was present in 8 (57.1%), bilateral VUR in 4 (28.6%), and contralateral VUR in 2 (14.2%). VUR was detected in 9 patients under the age of one. There was no statistical correlation between VUR grade and either age or anomaly type of the nine patients showed continuous VUR on up. The frequency of VUR in children with renal anomalies was 17.3%. VUR was most frequently detected in children under the age of one, and VUR grade was not related to age and anomaly type.

Comparing Physical Examination With Sonographic Versions of the Same Examination Techniques for Splenomegaly.

Science.gov (United States)

Cessford, Tara; Meneilly, Graydon S; Arishenkoff, Shane; Eddy, Christopher; Chen, Luke Y C; Kim, Daniel J; Ma, Irene W Y

2017-12-08

To determine whether sonographic versions of physical examination techniques can accurately identify splenomegaly, Castell's method (Ann Intern Med 1967; 67:1265-1267), the sonographic Castell's method, spleen tip palpation, and the sonographic spleen tip technique were compared with reference measurements. Two clinicians trained in bedside sonography patients recruited from an urban hematology clinic. Each patient was examined for splenomegaly using conventional percussion and palpation techniques (Castell's method and spleen tip palpation, respectively), as well as the sonographic versions of these maneuvers (sonographic Castell's method and sonographic spleen tip technique). Results were compared with a reference standard based on professional sonographer measurements. The sonographic Castell's method had greater sensitivity (91.7% [95% confidence interval, 61.5% to 99.8%]) than the traditional Castell's method (83.3% [95% confidence interval, 51.6% to 97.9%]) but took longer to perform [mean ± SD, 28.8 ± 18.6 versus 18.8 ± 8.1 seconds; P = .01). Palpable and positive sonographic spleen tip results were both 100% specific, but the sonographic spleen tip method was more sensitive (58.3% [95% confidence interval, 27.7% to 84.8%] versus 33.3% [95% confidence interval, 9.9% to 65.1%]). Sonographic versions of traditional physical examination maneuvers have greater diagnostic accuracy than the physical examination maneuvers from which they are derived but may take longer to perform. We recommend a combination of traditional physical examination and sonographic techniques when evaluating for splenomegaly at the bedside. © 2017 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Agenesis of the corpus callosum with associated inter-hemispheric ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Adele

developing countries should be alert to organic disorders presenting with ... CT Scan (Figures 1 and 2) of the head revealed agenesis ... co-existing lipoma is often seen with this type of ... childhood behavioural disorders, bipolar disorders,.

Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma: a new radiological entity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cornelis, F.; Grenier, N. [Pellegrin Hospital, Department of Radiology, Bordeaux (France); Helenon, O.; Correas, J.M. [Necker Hospital, Department of Radiology, Paris (France); Lemaitre, L. [Claude Huriez Hospital, Department of Radiology, Lille (France); Andre, M. [La-Conception Hospital, Department of Radiology, Marseille (France); Meuwly, J.Y. [Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Department of Radiology, Lausanne (Switzerland); Sengel, C. [Grenoble Hospital, Department of Radiology, Grenoble (France); Derchi, L. [Universita di Genova, Radiologia - DICMI, Genova (Italy); Yacoub, M. [Pellegrin Hospital, Department of Pathology, Bordeaux (France); Verkarre, V. [Necker Hospital, Department of Pathology, Paris (France)

2016-04-15

Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma (TC-RCC) is a recently identified renal malignancy. While approximately 100 cases of TC-RCC have been reported in the pathology literature, imaging features have not yet been clearly described. The purpose of this review is to describe the main radiologic features of this rare sub-type of RCC on ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), based jointly on the literature and findings from a multi-institutional retrospective HIPAA-compliant review of pathology and imaging databases. Using a combination of sonographic and CT/MRI features, diagnosis of TC-RCC appeared to be strongly suggested in many cases. (orig.)

Fibrocystic disease of the breast: Analysis of sonographic findings with histopathologic correlation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shin, Kyoung Suk; Kim, Chung Hyun; Lee, Chung Keun; Oh, Young Ran; Cho, June Sik; Rhee, Byung Chull; Kang, Dong Wook [Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

1994-12-15

To evaluate the sonographic findings of fibrocystic disease with histopathologic correlation, we retrospectively analyzed the sonographic findings and pathologic findings of 48 cases with histopathologically proven fibrocystic disease. The sonographic pattern of the lesions were classified into type I (ill define disoechoic lesion), Type IIa (ill defined hypoechoic lesion with heterogeneity), Type IIb (ill defined hypoechoiclesion with nodularities), Type III (mass lesion with thick or thin boundary echoes). The pathologic feature was classified into stromal hyperplasia, mixed, proliferative and fibroadenomatosis patterns. In sonographic type I,stromal hyperplasia and mixed patterns were seen in 77% and 23% , respectively. In sonographic Type IIa, stromal hyperplasia, mixed and proliferative patterns were seen in 57%, 29% and 14%, respectively. In sonographic TypeIIb, stromal hyperplasia and mixed patterns were seen in 17% and 83%, respectively. In sonographic type III, stromal hyperplasia, mixed, proliferative and fire-and-brimstone patterns were seen in 10%, 23%,13% and 54%, respectively.In conclusion, the sonographic findings of fibrocystic disease were variable and were not correlated good with histopathologic patterns. Sonography might to be helpful in the diagnosis of fibrocystic disease in conjunction with other imaging modalities in cases with Type I or Type II sonographic patterns. However, in cases with Type III patterns, biopsy should be performed to differentiate them from other benign or malignant masses

Fibrocystic disease of the breast: Analysis of sonographic findings with histopathologic correlation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shin, Kyoung Suk; Kim, Chung Hyun; Lee, Chung Keun; Oh, Young Ran; Cho, June Sik; Rhee, Byung Chull; Kang, Dong Wook

1994-01-01

To evaluate the sonographic findings of fibrocystic disease with histopathologic correlation, we retrospectively analyzed the sonographic findings and pathologic findings of 48 cases with histopathologically proven fibrocystic disease. The sonographic pattern of the lesions were classified into type I (ill define disoechoic lesion), Type IIa (ill defined hypoechoic lesion with heterogeneity), Type IIb (ill defined hypoechoiclesion with nodularities), Type III (mass lesion with thick or thin boundary echoes). The pathologic feature was classified into stromal hyperplasia, mixed, proliferative and fibroadenomatosis patterns. In sonographic type I,stromal hyperplasia and mixed patterns were seen in 77% and 23% , respectively. In sonographic Type IIa, stromal hyperplasia, mixed and proliferative patterns were seen in 57%, 29% and 14%, respectively. In sonographic TypeIIb, stromal hyperplasia and mixed patterns were seen in 17% and 83%, respectively. In sonographic type III, stromal hyperplasia, mixed, proliferative and fire-and-brimstone patterns were seen in 10%, 23%,13% and 54%, respectively.In conclusion, the sonographic findings of fibrocystic disease were variable and were not correlated good with histopathologic patterns. Sonography might to be helpful in the diagnosis of fibrocystic disease in conjunction with other imaging modalities in cases with Type I or Type II sonographic patterns. However, in cases with Type III patterns, biopsy should be performed to differentiate them from other benign or malignant masses

Heterotaxy syndrome with associated agenesis of dorsal pancreas and polysplenia: A case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Syed Althaf Ali1

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Heterotaxy syndrome is a rare embryological disorder comprising of polysplenia, partial agenesis of dorsal pancreas, malrotation of gut, cardiac and vascular anomalies resulting from failure of development of the usual left–right asymmetry of organs. We report a rare case of heterotaxy syndrome with polysplenia, partial agenesis of dorsal pancreas and malrotation of gut in a 28 year female presenting with subacute intestinal obstruction along with imaging illustrations, brief discussion and thorough review of literature.

Perawatan Teknik Begg Pada Maloklusi Klas I Dengan Kaninus Impaksi dan Insisivus Lateral Agenesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kristina Wijaya Gunawan

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Impaksi kaninus maksila sering dijumpai pada sisi palatal daripada labial. Agenesis adalah anomali pertumbuhan akibat tidak ada satu atau lebih benih gigi. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan memaparkan kemajuan perawatan kasus Maloklusi klas I dengan kaninus impaksi dan insisivus lateral agenesis menggunakan alat cekat teknik Begg. Seorang pasien usia 20 tahun datang mengeluhkan gigi-gigi depan atas dan bawah yang berjejal sehingga mengganggu penampilan. Perawatan bertujuan untuk koreksi Maloklusi Angle klas I tipe dentoskeletal dengan deepbite, crossbite gigi 25 terhadap 35, pergeseran midline dental maksila dan mandibula ke kanan sebesar 2,5 mm dan 3,0 mm, 13 impaksi vertikal pada sisi labial, 42 agenesis, dan edentulous parsial regio 36. Koreksi dilakukan dengan pencabutan 14, 25, pemanfaatan ruang bekas pencabutan 36 dan exposure gigi kaninus yang impaksi. Tahap pertama teknik Begg adalah leveling, unraveling, dan bite opening, diikuti dengan koreksi midline dan penutupan sisa ruang bekas pencabutan. Kesimpulan: perawataan ortodontik menggunakan teknik Begg yang dilakukan simultan dengan exposure kaninus impaksi labial dengan closed eruption technique dapat memberikan hasil yang memuaskan. Treatment for Class I Malocclusion with Impacted Canine and Agenesis Lateral Incisor Using Begg Technique. Maxillary canine impaction occurs commonly on the palatal than labial side. Agenesis is a developmental anomaly condition because of the absence of one or more tooth buds. This case report aims to explain the treatment progress of class I malocclusion with impacted canine and agenesis lateral incisor using fixed appliance through Begg technique. A 20-year-old female patient complained about her upper and lower anterior dental crowding that disturbed her appearance. The treatment aims to correct the Angle class I malocclusion dentoskeletal types with deepbite, crossbite 25 to 35, maxillary and mandibulary dental midline shift to the right by 2.5 mm and 3.0 mm

Position and Eruption of Permanent Maxillary Canines in Cases of Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis in Mixed Dentition.

Science.gov (United States)

Lamas, Cátia; Lavall, Asela; Pinho, Teresa

2018-01-01

Assess whether the permanent maxillary canine (MC) has a natural tendency to erupt mesially in children with maxillary lateral incisors agenesis (MLIA), compared to children without agenesis. This retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study consisted of children between 5 and 12 years old divided into three groups: the first group with unilateral MLIA, in which an intraindividual analysis was performed, the second group presented bilateral MLIA, and the third group with patients without agenesis. These last two groups were matched for comparison interindividual, being pared by sex and maturation of the MC. The canine position in the horizontal sector showed a clear mesial positioning of the MC on the agenesis side in individuals with unilateral MLIA (group 1) when compared with the counter lateral side; and in individuals with bilateral MLIA (Group 2) compared with control Individuals without agenesis (group 3). Even with the maintenance of this deciduous tooth in the dental arch, the MC keeps its tendency to mesial eruption. There is a greater tendency for mesial angulation of the maxillary canine in patients with MLIA, regardless of the presence or absence of deciduous lateral incisor.

Abdominal cocoon: sonographic features.

Science.gov (United States)

Vijayaraghavan, S Boopathy; Palanivelu, Chinnusamy; Sendhilkumar, Karuppusamy; Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan

2003-07-01

An abdominal cocoon is a rare condition in which the small bowel is encased in a membrane. The diagnosis is usually established at surgery. Here we describe the sonographic features of this condition.

Chiari Type II malformation: Prenatal sonographic findings

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sadhanandham Shrinuvasan

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Chiari malformations (CM are a group of defects associated with the congenital caudal displacement of the cerebellum and brainstem. A thorough understanding of the sonographic findings is necessary for the diagnosis of CM in the developing fetus. Here, we present the classical imaging findings of CM Type II detected in a 25-year-old primigravida at 26 weeks of gestation by routine sonographic screening.

Total agenesis of the left pericardium

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. Glauco Lobo Fº

1999-09-01

Full Text Available This is the report of a 46-year-old patient with the preoperative diagnosis of an atrial septal defect (ASD of the ostium secudum type. After sternectomy, partial agenesis of the left pericardium was diagnosed. It is our opinion that, if the radiographic picture is suggestive of this entity, a clinical search for cardiopulmonary anomalies should be performed, because the majority of these associated anomalies can and should be surgically corrected.

Sonographic evaluation of renal morphology in case of nephrolithiasis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Afroz, S.; Hossain, S.; Siddiq, S. K.

1995-01-01

Ultrasonography plays an important rote to diagnose neprolithiasis and assess the structural condition of the kidneys. The paper describes a study on patients with neprolithiasis. The structural status of the kidneys with calculus disease have been assessed with the help of ultrasonography. Ultrasonogram was done with a real time machine using a 3.5 MHz transducer. Patients were scanned in prone and lateral decubitus position. The appearance of the kidneys which included size, shape, cortical tissue pattern and condition of calyceal system were carefully observed in each patient. The study was carried out on 284 male and female patients of which 50 had bilateral neprolithiasis. Their age ranging from 18-80 years with average age being 43. The evaluation revealed normal kidney appearance in 106 patients i.e. 31% having kidneys normal in size, shape and cortical echogenicity. Calyceal system were not dilated. 52% showed calyceal dilatation and 17% with abnormal kidney appearance with respect to configuration and cortical echogenicity but normal pelvicalyceal system. Since ultrasonography is a non-invasive tool, it can be used for screening of renal stone which are not visualized by radiography. Thus subsequent renal damage could be avoided. 7 refs., 2 tab

Corpus callosum agenesis: Role of fetal magnetic resonance imaging

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Achour Radhouane

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Corpus callosum agenesis (CCA was evaluated by ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI with many studies. Ultrasonography was able to suspect CCA by indirect signs but a definitive diagnosis of CCA was achieved in rare cases. MRI was able to diagnose complete CCA in majority of cases. Additional neurological abnormalities including heterotopia, gyration anomaly, asymmetry of the cerebral hemispheres, and Dandy-Walker variant were documented, as well as an ocular anomaly which was described, by MRI examination. Prenatal counseling for fetal agenesis of the corpus callosum is difficult as the prognosis is uncertain. The association with other cerebral abnormalities increases the likelihood of a poor outcome and ultrasonographic assessment of the fetal brain is limited. We found MRI to be a safe and useful additional procedure to complement ultrasonographic diagnosis or suspicion of CCA.

Sonographic Findings of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Associated Nodular Lesions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kang, Bong Joo; Park, Young Ha; Jung, So Lyung; Chung, Soo Kyo [Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2007-12-15

To evaluate the sonographic findings of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and associated nodular lesions. We retrospectively reviewed the sonographic findings of twenty patients who had surgically confirmed Hashimoto's thyroiditis between 1 March 2005, and 26 November 2005. In these patients, we reviewed the sonographic findings of the associated focal nodular lesion. Assessed were size, homogeneity, and echogenicity of the diseased thyroid gland and shape, echogenicity, margin, rim, microcal cification of the associated nodules. Without knowledge of the pathological diagnosis of the nodular lesions, based on the sonographic criteria, the nodules were classified as either malignant or benign. Hashimoto's thyroiditis demonstrates a variety of sonographic findings for size, homogeneity, and echogenicity. Among the nineteen nodules that were sonographically diagnosed and pathologically confirmed, nine papillary cancers, seven nodular hyperplasias, two Huthle cell adenomas, and one focal hyalinized fibrosing nodule were included. All of the nine papillary cancers showed more than one malignant finding such as marked hypoechogenicity, an irregular shape, a taller than wide shape, a spiculated margin, or microcalcifications that were classified as malignant nodulea, and all of the ten benign nodules showed no malignant findings. Circumscribed isoechoic, hyperechoic, or hypoechoic nodules without calcification were classified as bending nodules. Hashimoto's thyroiditis demonstrates various findings on a sonographic examination,and associated various benign and malignant lesions. Moreover, a sonographic examination is helpful to differentiate between malignant and benign lesions in Hashimoto's thyroiditis as in the normal thyroid

Neurological presentations, imaging, and associated anomalies in 50 patients with sacral agenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Emami-Naeini, Parisa; Rahbar, Ziba; Nejat, Farideh; Kajbafzadeh, Abdolmohammad; El Khashab, Mostafa

2010-10-01

Sacral agenesis is an uncommon congenital disorder that involves multiple organs. We studied neurological manifestations of the disease, common associated disorders, and their relation with extent of bony malformation. We investigated neurological manifestations of 50 patients with sacral agenesis. Patients were evaluated for previous procedures, ambulation, limb abnormalities, vertebral alignment, recurrent urinary tract infection, urinary incontinence, dribbling, dimple, lower extremities weakness, myelomeningocele (MMC), and lipomyelomenangocele. Weakness of lower extremities was seen in 37 (74%) patients. Concurrent weakness of proximal and distal muscles of the lower limb was statistically associated with a type of bony aplasia (P = .001). However, paraplegia was seen in only 2 of 44 children over the age of 1, and the rest could walk. Myelodysplastic syndromes were seen in 21 patients. Sacral agenesis is diagnosed in children with concomitant MMC at younger ages and reveals more severe symptoms. Progression of neurological disorders was seen in 19 patients, in all of whom MRI showed tethering of the spinal cord. Urinary disorders including diurnal urinary incontinence (in 30 of 35 children over age 4) and recurrent urinary tract infections (in 37) were also common. Imperforate anus was seen in 11 patients. Twelve children over age 4 reported fecal incontinence, a problem that had statistically significant association with imperforate anus (P = .013). Different disorders can concurrently affect patients with sacral agenesis that may have profound impressions on patients and their families. Early diagnosis, thorough evaluation, and proper intervention are of utmost importance as they can prevent or lessen future complications.

Vermian agenesis without posterior fossa cyst

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adamsbaum, C.; Moreau, V.; Bulteau, C.; Burstyn, J.; Lair Milan, F.; Kalifa, G.

1994-01-01

We report 11 cases of vermian partial agenesis without posterior fossa cyst or hemispheric abnormalities. Characteristic MR signs were: absence of the posterior lobe, hypoplasia of the anterior lobe, a narrow sagittal cleft separating the hemispheres (''buttocks sign'') and fourth ventricle deformity. The main clinical signs were complex oculomotor dysfunction and developmental delay. None of the patients had respiratory symptoms. Consideration is given to the relationship between Joubert syndrome and this entity as well as to embroyological data. (orig.)

Sonographic demonstration of stomach pathology: Reviewing the cases

Science.gov (United States)

2015-01-01

Abstract Introduction: The stomach can be the source of complaints for many patients attending for upper abdominal ultrasound. It is not routinely imaged as part of most upper abdominal ultrasound protocols, with sonographers and sonologists alike commonly muttering the line; “I can't see the stomach on ultrasound”. However, this is incorrect, as the gastric antrum can almost always be visualised sonographically. Discussion: It is possible to detect a range of pathologies affecting the stomach sonographically, from common, largely tolerable conditions such as hiatus hernias through to life‐threatening neoplasms. Conclusion: The stomach can easily be assessed during routine abdominal ultrasound providing the sonographer has knowledge of stomach anatomy, normal ultrasound appearances and limitations to its visualisation. While endoscopy is the gold standard for investigation of the stomach and upper gastrointestinal tract, many patients will initially present for abdominal ultrasound due to its easy, non‐invasive nature, ready availability and low cost. For patients with mild abdominal symptoms, a normal abdominal ultrasound may be the extent of their imaging investigations meaning stomach pathologies may go undiagnosed. PMID:28191199

The role of color and power Doppler ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of sirenomelia.

Science.gov (United States)

Patel, S; Suchet, I

2004-11-01

Sirenomelia is a rare congenital abnormality characterized by a variety of anomalies involving the lower limbs, severe oligohydramnios, bilateral renal agenesis, anorectal atresia and aberrant fetal vasculature. The prenatal diagnosis and differentiation from isolated bilateral renal agenesis is severely limited by the accompanying oligohydramnios that hinders visualization of fetal anatomy. We present three prospectively assessed cases of sirenomelia, two of which had bilateral renal agenesis, and all of which had a single umbilical artery derived from the aberrant vasculature that accompanies the syndrome.

Congenital scoliosis associated with agenesis of the uterine cervix. Case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Monica Matteo

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Alterations in the normal sequence of development of müllerian ducts lead to a wide spectrum of reproductive tract abnormalities. A rare form of lack of development, regarding a short tract of the müllerian ducts, leads to the isolated agenesis of the uterine cervix. Anomalies identified among patients with müllerian agenesis include skeletal deformities (i.e., scoliosis of the spine and Klippel-Feil anomaly. Case presentation A 46 years old woman presenting cyphoscoliosis and very low stature (120 cm – 3,93 feet, came to our observation for acute pelvic pain; she also reported primary amenorrhoea associated with cyclic pelvic pain. Clinical and imaging evaluation, evidenced a blind vaginal duct of normal length, left cystic adnexal mass, and enlarged uterus with hematometra. FSH, LH, 17β estradiol and CA-125, karyotype and radiographic study of limbs and vertebral column were also evaluated. At laparotomy, a left ovarian cyst was found. Uterus ended at the isthmus; under this level a thin fibrous tissue band was found, joining the uterus to the vagina. Uterine cervix was replaced by fibrous tissue containing some dilated glands lined with müllerian epithelium. Karyotype resulted 46, XX. The described skeletal deformity, were consistent with Klippel-Feil syndrome. Conclusion We report a case of congenital scoliosis associated with müllerian agenesis limited to uterine cervix, association thus far seen only among patients with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (utero-vaginal agenesis. This case report supports the necessity to evaluate, for accompanying müllerian anomalies, all cases of congenital structural scoliosis in view of the possibility for many müllerian development abnormalities, if timely diagnosed, to be surgically corrected.

MURCS Association with Partial Duplication of the Distal Long Chromosome 5 and Unilateral Ovarian Agenesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anna Dabkowska-Huc

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A combination of the congenital abnormalities, Müllerian duct aplasia, renal aplasia, and cervicothoracic somite dysplasia, is defined as the MURCS association. Various genetic defects have been described in the MURCS association so far, yet the unambiguous molecular basis of these disorders has not been established. We report the case of an 18-year-old woman who presented with primary amenorrhea, right kidney, Arnold-Chiari malformation, and Klippel-Feil syndrome. In addition, the patient showed the following unusual features: right ovarian and Skenes gland agenesis, cubitus valgus with hyperextension and decreased range of motion at elbows, and facial changes. Moreover, the performed DNA analysis showed interstitial duplication in chromosome 5 (5q35.1. In the duplicated region, there are genes whose function is not well known. It is thought that they have an influence on the early stages of development and their joining in the later period can lead to neoplastic disorders, especially leukemias.

Pancreas-specific deletion of mouse Gata4 and Gata6 causes pancreatic agenesis

Science.gov (United States)

Xuan, Shouhong; Borok, Matthew J.; Decker, Kimberly J.; Battle, Michele A.; Duncan, Stephen A.; Hale, Michael A.; Macdonald, Raymond J.; Sussel, Lori

2012-01-01

Pancreatic agenesis is a human disorder caused by defects in pancreas development. To date, only a few genes have been linked to pancreatic agenesis in humans, with mutations in pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) and pancreas-specific transcription factor 1a (PTF1A) reported in only 5 families with described cases. Recently, mutations in GATA6 have been identified in a large percentage of human cases, and a GATA4 mutant allele has been implicated in a single case. In the mouse, Gata4 and Gata6 are expressed in several endoderm-derived tissues, including the pancreas. To analyze the functions of GATA4 and/or GATA6 during mouse pancreatic development, we generated pancreas-specific deletions of Gata4 and Gata6. Surprisingly, loss of either Gata4 or Gata6 in the pancreas resulted in only mild pancreatic defects, which resolved postnatally. However, simultaneous deletion of both Gata4 and Gata6 in the pancreas caused severe pancreatic agenesis due to disruption of pancreatic progenitor cell proliferation, defects in branching morphogenesis, and a subsequent failure to induce the differentiation of progenitor cells expressing carboxypeptidase A1 (CPA1) and neurogenin 3 (NEUROG3). These studies address the conserved and nonconserved mechanisms underlying GATA4 and GATA6 function during pancreas development and provide a new mouse model to characterize the underlying developmental defects associated with pancreatic agenesis. PMID:23006325

Use of physical therapy to augment dilator treatment for vaginal agenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

McVearry, Mary E; Warner, William B

2011-05-01

: Dilator therapy has been used successfully for many years to treat vaginal agenesis. Our objective was to show how established physical therapy techniques can be used to augment dilator therapy. : A 36-year-old woman desiring nonsurgical management of vaginal agenesis was instructed in the use of vaginal dilators by a pelvic-floor physical therapist. Manual stretching of the vaginal tissues was performed during office visits after application of heat and therapeutic ultrasound to the perineum. In addition, the patient's husband was taught how to perform the vaginal stretching at home in conjunction with dilator therapy. : The patient was able to attempt intercourse after 6 weeks of treatment and achieved full penetration by 9 weeks. At the completion of treatment, she scored 31.9 on the Female Sexual Function Index. The patient and her husband were very satisfied with the treatment approach, especially the encouragement and guidance received in physical therapy. : By using established physical therapy techniques in conjunction with dilator therapy, a faster time to intercourse may be achieved with high patient and spouse satisfaction. We recommend the involvement of a physical therapist specializing in the pelvic floor as an adjunct to standard dilator therapy in the treatment of vaginal agenesis.

Duplex sonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the clarification of nephrological complications after renal transplant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gueckel, C.; Krestin, G.P.; Wienand, P.

1989-01-01

A prospective study compared Duplex sonography and magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating renal transplant. Hundred and two Duplex sonographic and 24 MR examinations were performed and correlated with clinical course or biopsy. All normal renal allografts, 6 transplants with acute tubular necrosis and 2 cases of cyclosporin toxicity had normal Doppler waveforms, whereas 9 renal transplants with evidence of interstitial rejection by biopsy showed an obliteration or reversal of diastolic flow. MR imaging was less specific in identifying allograft rejection. There were false positive results in normal renal transplants, allografts with acute tubular necrosis and after rejection therapy. With regard to cost, accessibility and specificity, Duplex sonography is the method of choice for the evaluation of renal allografts. (orig.) [de

Tooth agenesis: from molecular genetics to molecular dentistry

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Matalová, Eva; Fleischmannová, Jana; Sharpe, P. T.; Tucker, A. S.

2008-01-01

Roč. 87, č. 7 (2008), s. 617-623 ISSN 0022-0345 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR KJB500450802; GA MŠk OC B23.001; GA ČR GC524/08/J032 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50450515 Keywords : tooth agenesis Subject RIV: FF - HEENT, Dentistry Impact factor: 3.142, year: 2008

Rare and Common Variants Conferring Risk of Tooth Agenesis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jonsson, L; Magnusson, T E; Thordarson, A

2018-01-01

We present association results from a large genome-wide association study of tooth agenesis (TA) as well as selective TA, including 1,944 subjects with congenitally missing teeth, excluding third molars, and 338,554 controls, all of European ancestry. We also tested the association of previously ...

Genetic epidemiology of tooth agenesis in Japan: a population- and family-based study.

Science.gov (United States)

Machida, J; Nishiyama, T; Kishino, H; Yamaguchi, S; Kimura, M; Shibata, A; Tatematsu, T; Kamamoto, M; Yamamoto, K; Makino, S; Miyachi, H; Shimozato, K; Tokita, Y

2015-08-01

Tooth agenesis is one of the most common congenital anomalies in humans. However, the etiology of tooth agenesis remains largely unclear, as well as evidence base useful for genetic counseling. Therefore, we estimated the prevalence and sibling recurrence risk, and investigated agenetic patterns systematically. Tooth agenesis was classified into two subtypes: hypodontia (one to five missing teeth) and oligodontia (six or more missing teeth). The prevalence of these two subtypes were 6.8% [95% confidence interval (CI): 6.1-7.7%] and 0.1% (95% CI: 0.04-0.3%), respectively, and sibling recurrence risk of these were 24.5% (95% CI: 13.8-38.3%) and 43.8% (95% CI: 26.4-62.3%), respectively. This result suggests that the severe phenotype, oligodontia, might be mostly transmitted in a dominant fashion. Using a simple statistical modeling approach, our data were found to be consistent with a bilateral symmetry model, meaning that there was equal probability of missing teeth from the right and left sides. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas: systematic review of a clinical challenge

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier A. Cienfuegos

Full Text Available Background: Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas is a rare malformation. Since 1911 and until 2008, 53 cases have been reported. Several authors have recently described the association of this anomaly with neoplasia of the ventral pancreas, thus we performed a systematic review of the literature from 2008 to 2015. Methods: A systematic review of the Medline and ISI Web of Science Databases from 2008 until 2015 was carried out, and 30 articles which met the inclusion criteria were identified that included a total of 53 patients: 7 children and 46 adults. Conclusions: Although dorsal pancreatic agenesis is a rare malformation, given its association with non-alcoholic pancreatitis and neoplasia of the residual pancreas, physicians should maintain an expectant attitude.

Middle fossa arachnoid cyst with temporal lobe agenesis accompanying isodense subdural hematoma -a case report-

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Kyung Soo; Choi, Hyung Sik; Kim, Myung Joon; Yang, Seoung Oh; Kim, Chang Jin [Capital Armed Forces General Hospital, Seongnam (Korea, Republic of)

1987-12-15

Cysts overlying the temporal lobes have been well described in literature. These are often associated with agenesis of the temporal lobes, and of major neurosurgical interest due to their frequent association with subdural hematoma, a combination that is rarely seen with cysts in other regions. Full features of plain, angiographic, and CT findings of arachnoid cyst with temporal lobe agenesis accompanying isodense subdural hematoma are presented, being very rare in radiologic literature.

COMBINED MAMMOGRAPHIC AND SONOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF PALPABLE BREAST MASSES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Reena Mathur

2016-10-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Breast diseases are common in females. In developing countries like India, females are unaware of breast pathologies hence they are detected usually in advanced stages. We have studied 100 patients of palpable breast masses presenting to our department and evaluate the role of combined mammographic and sonographic imaging in patients with palpable abnormalities of the breast, which help in decision making by clinician as to lesion go for biopsy or follow up. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted at Department of Radiodiagnosis J. L.N. Medical College & Associated Groups of Hospitals, Ajmer. We included women equal to or more than 30 years referred to this centre with palpable abnormalities of breast during a period from March 2015 to August 2016. All these women underwent a combined mammographic and sonographic evaluation of breast. RESULTS 50 (50% of the 100 palpable abnormalities had benign assessment, 30 (60% of the benign lesions were visible both on mammography and sonography; 18 (36% of the 50 benign lesions were mammographically occult and identified at sonographic evaluation. 2 lesion was sonographically occult (4% and visualized on mammography. In 14 (14% of the 100 cases, imaging evaluation resulted in a suspicious assessment and all these lesions underwent biopsy and 4 were diagnosed as having malignancy. 36(36% of the 100 palpable abnormalities had negative imaging assessment finding: of these 14 patients underwent biopsy and all had benign findings. The sensitivity and negative predictive value for combined mammographic and sonographic assessment were 100%; the specificity was 78.26%. CONCLUSION Combined use of mammography and sonography plays an important role in the management of palpable breast lesions. It characterizes the palpable mass lesion, avoids unnecessary interventions in which imaging findings are unequivocally benign. Negative findings on combined mammographic and sonographic imaging have very high

Sonographic ally Detected Architectural Distortion: Clinical Significance

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Shin Kee; Seo, Bo Kyoung; Yi, Ann; Cha, Sang Hoon; Kim, Baek Hyun; Cho, Kyu Ran; Kim, Young Sik; Son, Gil Soo; Kim, Young Soo; Kim, Hee Young [Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan (Korea, Republic of)

2008-12-15

Architectural distortion is a suspicious abnormality for the diagnosis of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of sonographic ally detected architectural distortion. From January 2006 to June 2008, 20 patients were identified who had sonographic ally detected architectural distortions without a history of trauma or surgery and abnormal mammographic findings related to an architectural distortion. All of the lesions were pathologically verified. We evaluated the clinical and pathological findings and then assessed the clinical significance of the sonographic ally detected architectural distortions. Based on the clinical findings, one (5%) of the 20 patients had a palpable lump and the remaining 19 patients had no symptoms. No patient had a family history of breast cancer. Based on the pathological findings, three (15%) patients had malignancies. The malignant lesions included invasive ductal carcinomas (n = 2) and ductal carcinoma in situ (n = 1). Four (20%) patients had high-risk lesions: atypical ductal hyperplasia (n = 3) and lobular carcinoma in situ (n = 1). The remaining 13 (65%) patients had benign lesions, however, seven (35%) out of 13 patients had mild-risk lesions (three intraductal papillomas, three moderate or florid epithelial hyperplasia and one sclerosing adenosis). Of the sonographic ally detected architectural distortions, 35% were breast cancers or high-risk lesions and 35% were mild-risk lesions. Thus, a biopsy might be needed for an architectural distortion without an associated mass as depicted on breast ultrasound, even though the mammographic findings are normal

Sonographic ally Detected Architectural Distortion: Clinical Significance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Shin Kee; Seo, Bo Kyoung; Yi, Ann; Cha, Sang Hoon; Kim, Baek Hyun; Cho, Kyu Ran; Kim, Young Sik; Son, Gil Soo; Kim, Young Soo; Kim, Hee Young

2008-01-01

Architectural distortion is a suspicious abnormality for the diagnosis of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of sonographic ally detected architectural distortion. From January 2006 to June 2008, 20 patients were identified who had sonographic ally detected architectural distortions without a history of trauma or surgery and abnormal mammographic findings related to an architectural distortion. All of the lesions were pathologically verified. We evaluated the clinical and pathological findings and then assessed the clinical significance of the sonographic ally detected architectural distortions. Based on the clinical findings, one (5%) of the 20 patients had a palpable lump and the remaining 19 patients had no symptoms. No patient had a family history of breast cancer. Based on the pathological findings, three (15%) patients had malignancies. The malignant lesions included invasive ductal carcinomas (n = 2) and ductal carcinoma in situ (n = 1). Four (20%) patients had high-risk lesions: atypical ductal hyperplasia (n = 3) and lobular carcinoma in situ (n = 1). The remaining 13 (65%) patients had benign lesions, however, seven (35%) out of 13 patients had mild-risk lesions (three intraductal papillomas, three moderate or florid epithelial hyperplasia and one sclerosing adenosis). Of the sonographic ally detected architectural distortions, 35% were breast cancers or high-risk lesions and 35% were mild-risk lesions. Thus, a biopsy might be needed for an architectural distortion without an associated mass as depicted on breast ultrasound, even though the mammographic findings are normal

Tooth agenesis in osteogenesis imperfecta related to mutations in the collagen type I genes.

Science.gov (United States)

Malmgren, B; Andersson, K; Lindahl, K; Kindmark, A; Grigelioniene, G; Zachariadis, V; Dahllöf, G; Åström, E

2017-01-01

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous group of disorders of connective tissue, mainly caused by mutations in the collagen type I genes (COL1A1 and COL1A2). Tooth agenesis is a common feature of OI. We investigated the association between tooth agenesis and collagen type I mutations in individuals with OI. In this cohort study, 128 unrelated individuals with OI were included. Panoramic radiographs were analyzed regarding dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) and congenitally missing teeth. The collagen I genes were sequenced in all individuals, and in 25, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was performed. Mutations in the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes were found in 104 of 128 individuals. Tooth agenesis was diagnosed in 17% (hypodontia 11%, oligodontia 6%) and was more frequent in those with DGI (P = 0.016), and in those with OI type III, 47%, compared to those with OI types I, 12% (P = 0.003), and IV, 13% (P = 0.017). Seventy-five percent of the individuals with oligodontia (≥6 missing teeth) had qualitative mutations, but there was no association with OI type, gender, or presence of DGI. The prevalence of tooth agenesis is high (17%) in individuals with OI, and OI caused by a qualitative collagen I mutation is associated with oligodontia. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with agenesis of the corpus callosum.

Science.gov (United States)

Dupré, Nicolas; Howard, Heidi C; Mathieu, Jean; Karpati, George; Vanasse, Michel; Bouchard, Jean-Pierre; Carpenter, Stirling; Rouleau, Guy A

2003-07-01

Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum (OMIM 218000) is an autosomal recessive disease of early onset characterized by a delay in developmental milestones, a severe sensory-motor polyneuropathy with areflexia, a variable degree of agenesis of the corpus callosum, amyotrophy, hypotonia, and cognitive impairment. Although this disorder has rarely been reported worldwide, it has a high prevalence in the Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean region of the province of Quebec (Canada) predominantly because of a founder effect. The gene defect responsible for this disorder recently has been identified, and it is a protein-truncating mutation in the SLC12A6 gene, which codes for a cotransporter protein known as KCC3. Herein, we provide the first extensive review of this disorder, covering epidemiological, clinical, and molecular genetic studies.

[Sonographically detectable splenic disorders in dogs with malignant lymphoma].

Science.gov (United States)

Eberhardt, F; Köhler, C; Krastel, D; Winter, K; Alef, M; Kiefer, I

2015-01-01

To evaluate the frequency of different sonographic splenic disorders in dogs with different anatomic forms of malignant lymphoma. Additionally, the occurrence of the moth-eaten pattern in the parenchyma of the spleen in patients with diseases other than lymphoma should be investigated. Retrospective analysis of patient data collected from dogs histologically or cytologically diagnosed with malignant lymphoma and for which ultrasonographic images were available before the initiation of therapy. Patient data from dogs with a moth-eaten pattern within the splenic parenchyma were evaluated separately. Exclusion criterion was the administration of cytostatic agents prior to diagnosis. In 84% of 164 dogs with malignant lymphoma, an altered pattern of the spleen was diagnosed ultrasonographically. Ninety-four of these 137 patients had a moth-eaten pattern of the splenic parenchyma and 43 dogs displayed abnormalities in the form of splenomegaly, coarse echotexture or other changes of the parenchyma. When a moth-eaten pattern was diagnosed, the affected dogs suffered significantly more often from a multicentric lymphoma (95%) than from any other anatomical lymphoma form. Only one dog displayed a moth-eaten pattern of the splenic parenchyma without diagnosis of a malignant lymphoma. The positive predictive value of the moth-eaten pattern for malignant lymphoma was 99% and, in particular, for the multicentric lymphoma this was 95%. In total, 84% of the 164 dogs displayed a multicentric lymphoma, 5% a mediastinal or a cutaneous lymphoma, respectively, 4% a gastrointestinal lymphoma, and one animal had an ocular or renal lymphoma, respectively. Sonographic changes of the spleen are often diagnosed in dogs with malignant lymphoma, independent of the anatomical lymphoma form. When the moth-eaten pattern is observed, it is very likely that the affected dog suffers from a malignant lymphoma, most probably a multicentric lymphoma.

Agenesis of premolar associated with submerged primary molar and a supernumerary premolar: An unusual case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. V. S. G. Nirmala

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The combination of submerged primary molar, agenesis of permanent successor with a supernumerary in the same place is very rare. The purpose of this article is to report a case of submerged mandibular left second primary molar with supernumerary tooth in the same region along with agenesis of second premolar in an 11-year-old girl, its possible etiological factors, and a brief discussion on treatment options.

Imaging features of isolated unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis presenting in adulthood: a review of four cases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Griffin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Redmond, K.C.; Dusmet, M.; Goldstraw, P.; Mittal, T.K.; Padley, S.

2007-01-01

Aim: To highlight the variation in clinical manifestations, imaging and management of four cases of unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis presenting in adulthood. Method: Four patients with unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis were referred to our institution between 1995 and 2005. They underwent a series of investigations, including chest radiography, echocardiography, ventilation perfusion scintigraphy, angiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: Two of the four patients had absence of the right main pulmonary artery, whilst the remaining two patients had absence of the left main pulmonary artery. One patient showed a restrictive defect on pulmonary function tests. Two patients who had ventilation perfusion scintigraphy showed absent perfusion and reduced ventilation on the affected side. Angiography (where performed), CT and MRI confirmed the anatomy and the presence of multiple collaterals. Bronchiectasis was demonstrated on CT in two patients, with one also demonstrating a mosaic attenuation pattern. One patient had an incidental lung tumour on the side of the agenesis, which was diagnosed as a chondroid hamartoma on histology. Three of the four patients eventually underwent resection of the affected lung. Conclusion: Isolated unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis has a non-specific presentation. Awareness of this condition can lead to earlier diagnosis, with cross-sectional imaging making an important contribution

Imaging features of isolated unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis presenting in adulthood: a review of four cases

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Griffin, N. [Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London (United Kingdom)]. E-mail: nyreegriffin@hotmail.com; Mansfield, L. [Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London (United Kingdom); Redmond, K.C. [Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London (United Kingdom); Dusmet, M. [Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London (United Kingdom); Goldstraw, P. [Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London (United Kingdom); Mittal, T.K. [Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London (United Kingdom); Padley, S. [Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London (United Kingdom)

2007-03-15

Aim: To highlight the variation in clinical manifestations, imaging and management of four cases of unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis presenting in adulthood. Method: Four patients with unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis were referred to our institution between 1995 and 2005. They underwent a series of investigations, including chest radiography, echocardiography, ventilation perfusion scintigraphy, angiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: Two of the four patients had absence of the right main pulmonary artery, whilst the remaining two patients had absence of the left main pulmonary artery. One patient showed a restrictive defect on pulmonary function tests. Two patients who had ventilation perfusion scintigraphy showed absent perfusion and reduced ventilation on the affected side. Angiography (where performed), CT and MRI confirmed the anatomy and the presence of multiple collaterals. Bronchiectasis was demonstrated on CT in two patients, with one also demonstrating a mosaic attenuation pattern. One patient had an incidental lung tumour on the side of the agenesis, which was diagnosed as a chondroid hamartoma on histology. Three of the four patients eventually underwent resection of the affected lung. Conclusion: Isolated unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis has a non-specific presentation. Awareness of this condition can lead to earlier diagnosis, with cross-sectional imaging making an important contribution.

Perinatal assessment of hereditary cystic renal diseases: the contribution of sonography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Avni, Fred E.; Cassart, Marie; Massez, Anne [Erasme Hospital, Department of Medical Imaging, Brussels (Belgium); Garel, Laurent [Sainte Justine Hospital, Department of Paediatric Imaging, Montreal, Quebec (Canada); Eurin, Daniele [Charles Nicolle Hospital, Department of Paediatric Imaging, Rouen (France); Didier, Francois [A. Pinard Regional Maternity Hospital, Department of Paediatric Imaging, Nancy (France); Hall, Michelle [Erasme Hospital, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Brussels (Belgium); Teele, Rita L. [Starship Children' s Hospital, Department of Radiology, Auckland (New Zealand)

2006-05-15

The aims of this review article were to clarify the steps that may lead to a proper diagnosis of fetal and neonatal renal cystic diseases. All the hereditary cystic diseases are reviewed and a classification is proposed. The various sonographic patterns that can be used to ascertain the diagnosis are also reviewed. Finally, tables with differential diagnoses are presented to help the reader in the work-up of such pathologies. (orig.)

Mutations in PTF1A cause pancreatic and cerebellar agenesis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sellick, GS; Barker, KT; Stolte-Dijkstra, [No Value; Fleischmann, C; Coleman, RJ; Garrett, C; Gloyn, AL; Edghill, EL; Hattersley, AT; Wellauer, PK; Goodwin, G; Houlston, RS

2004-01-01

Individuals with permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus usually present within the first three months of life and require insulin treatment(1,2). We recently identified a locus on chromosome 10p13-p12.1 involved in permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus associated with pancreatic and cerebellar agenesis

Sirenomelia with oligodactylia: early ultrasonographic and hysteroscopic embryoscopic diagnosis during the first trimester of gestation.

Science.gov (United States)

Clemente, Claudia Maria; Farina, Marco; Cianci, Antonio; Iraci Sareri, Marco

2010-01-01

The case we describe reports the early sonographic findings of sirenomelia with oligodactylia at 9 weeks of gestation by transvaginal two-dimensional color Doppler ultrasonography imaging and its confirmation by hysteroscopic embryoscopy at 12 weeks to further characterize the findings. The embryo showed increased nuchal translucency and fused lower limbs with a large intra-abdominal vessel and two-vessel umbilical cords. The pregnancy was terminated by medical abortion induction after the patient viewed the embryoscopic images. Diagnosis is commonly made later in the second trimester of pregnancy, oligohydramnios being a warning signal, which usually makes the diagnosis difficult. Survival, only possible in the absence of renal agenesis, is extremely rare. In view of the extremely poor prognosis, early diagnosis allows for earlier counseling and less traumatic therapeutic termination of pregnancy. Copyright 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Reproducibility of sonographic measurement of thickness and echogenicity of the plantar fascia.

Science.gov (United States)

Cheng, Ju-Wen; Tsai, Wen-Chung; Yu, Tung-Yang; Huang, Kuo-Yao

2012-01-01

To evaluate the intra- and interrater reliability of ultrasonographic measurements of the thickness and echogenicity of the plantar fascia. Eleven patients (20 feet), who complained of inferior heel pain, and 26 volunteers (52 feet) were enrolled. Two sonographers independently imaged the plantar fascia in both longitudinal and transverse planes. Volunteers were assessed twice to evaluate intrarater reliability. Quantitative evaluation of the echogenicity of the plantar fascia was performed by measuring the mean gray level of the region of interest using Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine viewer software. Sonographic evaluation of the thickness of the plantar fascia showed high reliability. Sonographic evaluations of the presence or absence of hypoechoic change in the plantar fascia showed surprisingly low agreement. The reliability of gray-scale evaluations appears to be much better than subjective judgments in the evaluation of echogenicity. Transverse scanning did not show any advantage in sonographic evaluation of the plantar fascia. The reliability of sonographic examination of the thickness of the plantar fascia is high. Mean gray-level analysis of quantitative sonography can be used for the evaluation of echogenicity, which could reduce discrepancies in the interpretation of echogenicity by different sonographers. Longitudinal instead of transverse scanning is recommended for imaging the plantar fascia. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Uterine conserving surgery in a case of cervicovaginal agenesis with unicornuate uterus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vineet Mishra

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The presence of cervicovaginal agenesis with unicornuate uterus is a very rare mullerian anomaly. Its true incidence is still unknown. The presence of functioning unicornuate uterus poses a great challenge for a gynecologist because a successful repair could restore normal menses and may preserve a patient′s fertility. Hence, we report a case of 16-year-old unmarried female who presented with chief complaints of primary amenorrhea with cyclical lower abdominal pain. On clinical and radiological evaluation, she was diagnosed with complete cervicovaginal agenesis with right unicornuate uterus (hematometra and hematosalpinx. She underwent vaginoplasty (McIndoes method along with uterovaginal anastomosis by neocervix formation, in order to preserve her uterus. On follow-up, her vagina was completely healed, and she was menstruating normally.

Uterine myoma and adenomyosis: sonographic findings and differentiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Yeong Hwan; Yun, Kwang Myeong; Kim, Ok Dong; Chung, Duck Soo [College of Medicine, Taegu Catholic Hospital, Taegu (Korea, Republic of)

1990-07-15

Uterine myoma and adenomyosis are the two most likely diagnoses in women with hypermenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and an enlarged uterus, but it is often not possible to make a distinction between them preoperatively. But their treatments can differ : myoma can be treated through myomectomy whereas adenomyosis require hysterectomy. In order to establish the characteristic and differential findings of myoma and adenomyosis sonographically, sonographic findings of 125 cases of pathologically proven myoma and adenomyosis were reviewed retrospectively. Histologic diagnosis were myoma in 94 patients and adenomyosis in 31 patients. The results were as follows : 1. The common sonographic findings of uterine myoma were globular enlargement or bulging contour of uterus 77.8%, loss of central endometrial echoes 66.0%, and homogeneous decreased internal echoes 35.1% or heterogeneous internal echoes 44.7%. 2. The common sonographic findings of adenomyosis were diffuse enlargement without contour change 80.6%, homogeneous hypoechoic or isoechoic internal textures 96.8%, preserved central endometrial echoes 80.6%, and thickening of posterior uterine wall 64.5%. 3. Adenomyosis was highly suggested if the uterus showed diffuse enlargement without contour change or visible nodule, homogeneous hypoechoic textures, and especially thickened posterior wall with anteriorly displaced central endometrial echoes. 4. Adenomyosis could be excluded if the patient was under 30 or above 50 years old, and especially had no previous obstetric history.

Uterine myoma and adenomyosis: sonographic findings and differentiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Yeong Hwan; Yun, Kwang Myeong; Kim, Ok Dong; Chung, Duck Soo

1990-01-01

Uterine myoma and adenomyosis are the two most likely diagnoses in women with hypermenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and an enlarged uterus, but it is often not possible to make a distinction between them preoperatively. But their treatments can differ : myoma can be treated through myomectomy whereas adenomyosis require hysterectomy. In order to establish the characteristic and differential findings of myoma and adenomyosis sonographically, sonographic findings of 125 cases of pathologically proven myoma and adenomyosis were reviewed retrospectively. Histologic diagnosis were myoma in 94 patients and adenomyosis in 31 patients. The results were as follows : 1. The common sonographic findings of uterine myoma were globular enlargement or bulging contour of uterus 77.8%, loss of central endometrial echoes 66.0%, and homogeneous decreased internal echoes 35.1% or heterogeneous internal echoes 44.7%. 2. The common sonographic findings of adenomyosis were diffuse enlargement without contour change 80.6%, homogeneous hypoechoic or isoechoic internal textures 96.8%, preserved central endometrial echoes 80.6%, and thickening of posterior uterine wall 64.5%. 3. Adenomyosis was highly suggested if the uterus showed diffuse enlargement without contour change or visible nodule, homogeneous hypoechoic textures, and especially thickened posterior wall with anteriorly displaced central endometrial echoes. 4. Adenomyosis could be excluded if the patient was under 30 or above 50 years old, and especially had no previous obstetric history

A rare case of Turner′s syndrome presenting with Mullerian agenesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suresh Vaddadi

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Turner′s syndrome also called as Ullrich Turner′s syndrome, is a disease of unclear pathogenesis characterized by complete or partial absence of one sex chromosome, with or without cell line mosaicism in a phenotypic female with short stature. Various anomalies result in a constellation of features, of which the most disturbing is primary amenorrhea due to gonadal dysgenesis. Hormone therapy in these patients can often result in successful menstruation, and scope for subsequent pregnancy because of anatomically normal uterus and vagina. Coexisting Mullerian agenesis in these patients can jeopardize the chances of future pregnancy as they have associated structural abnormalities of the uterus and vagina. We report a rare case of middle-aged female with Turner′s syndrome and Mullerian agenesis having absent secondary sexual characters and missing uterus with incompletely formed vagina.

Heterotopic pregnancy: Sonographic findings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kwon, Tae Hee

1999-01-01

To evaluate the sonographic findings of the heterotopic pregnancy which is increasing recently. Thirty-nine cases of heterotopic pregnancy after ovulation induction and IVF-ET (In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer) during the recent 3 years were analyzed. They were diagnosed by ultrasonography and proved surgically afterwards. Sonographic findings were analyzed focusing on gestational week of intrauterine pregnancy and location of ectopic pregnancy. In particular, adnexal mass was evaluated with regard to size and the characteristic findings such as ectopic gestational sac (echogenic ring). Also, overian cyst and fluid collection in cul-de-sac space were reviewed carefully. Heterotopic pregnancy was proved surgically by salpingectomy in 33 cases and by resection of cornus in six cases. Sonographic diagnosis using transvaginal ultrasound was made from five weeks to nine weeks two days (six weeks and four days in average) from last menstral period in all 39 cases. Ectopic pregnancy was identified in ampullary part in 29 cases, in the isthmic portion of tube in four cases and in the cornus of uterus in six cases. The intrauterine pregnancy was diagnosed by identifying the intrauterine gestational saccontaining a yolk sac in seven cases and the embryo with fetal heart beat in the remaining 32 cases. Adnexal masses of heterotopic pregnancy were less than 3 cm in diameter in 2 cases (57%), 3-4 cm in 11 cases (28%) and more than 4 cm in 6 cases (15%). A characteristic finding of ectopic mass was echogenic ring which was visible in 33 (84.6%) cases by transvaginal ultrasound. Six cases had pelvic hematosalpinx and two had pelvic hematoma. Of 10 cases (26%) which were identified to have ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, eight (21%) had large amount of fluid collection in cul-de-sac and abdomen. Ultrasonographic identification of the intrauterine pregnancy and the ectopic chorion ring is effective for the early diagnosis of the heterotopic pregnancy.

Sonographic characterization of tenosynovitis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seo, Gwy Suk; Lim, Hyo Keum; Lee, In Jae; Lee, Kil Woo; Bae, Sang Hoon; Lee, Kyung Hwan [College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1992-03-15

Tenosynovitis of the extremities is not uncommon but its diagnosis is not easy owing to its non-specific clinical manifestation. Thus it was beyond the field of imaging diagnosis so far. Recently the development of high resolution ultrasonogram has aided preoperative imaging diagnosis of tenosynovitis. The authors performed a retrospective reviewed of 27 patients who had ultrasonography due to tendon pathology(including 18 tenosynovitis) by observing sonographic findings and evaluation the diagnosis value of each finding. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 81.1% and common sonographic findings were focal swelling of the tendon, well-defined margin of the lesion, preserved fibrillar pattern, echo change of the lesion site and fluid collection. Above all, fluid collection. was the only statistically significant criterion for diagnosis of tenosynovitis(p<0.05). But its sensitivity was as low as 50%. In conclusion the ultrasonography is useful in diagnosis of tenosynovitis and fluid collection is of diagnostic value, but the differentiation between nodular tenosynovitis without fluid collection and other benign tumor is still beyond the scope of ultrasonographic diagnosis.

Sonographic characterization of tenosynovitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seo, Gwy Suk; Lim, Hyo Keum; Lee, In Jae; Lee, Kil Woo; Bae, Sang Hoon; Lee, Kyung Hwan

1992-01-01

Tenosynovitis of the extremities is not uncommon but its diagnosis is not easy owing to its non-specific clinical manifestation. Thus it was beyond the field of imaging diagnosis so far. Recently the development of high resolution ultrasonogram has aided preoperative imaging diagnosis of tenosynovitis. The authors performed a retrospective reviewed of 27 patients who had ultrasonography due to tendon pathology(including 18 tenosynovitis) by observing sonographic findings and evaluation the diagnosis value of each finding. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 81.1% and common sonographic findings were focal swelling of the tendon, well-defined margin of the lesion, preserved fibrillar pattern, echo change of the lesion site and fluid collection. Above all, fluid collection. was the only statistically significant criterion for diagnosis of tenosynovitis(p<0.05). But its sensitivity was as low as 50%. In conclusion the ultrasonography is useful in diagnosis of tenosynovitis and fluid collection is of diagnostic value, but the differentiation between nodular tenosynovitis without fluid collection and other benign tumor is still beyond the scope of ultrasonographic diagnosis

Serial Sonographic Assessment of Pulmonary Edema in Patients With Hypertensive Acute Heart Failure.

Science.gov (United States)

Martindale, Jennifer L; Secko, Michael; Kilpatrick, John F; deSouza, Ian S; Paladino, Lorenzo; Aherne, Andrew; Mehta, Ninfa; Conigiliaro, Alyssa; Sinert, Richard

2018-02-01

Objective measures of clinical improvement in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) are lacking. The aim of this study was to determine whether repeated lung sonography could semiquantitatively capture changes in pulmonary edema (B-lines) in patients with hypertensive AHF early in the course of treatment. We conducted a feasibility study in a cohort of adults with acute onset of dyspnea, severe hypertension in the field or at triage (systolic blood pressure ≥ 180 mm Hg), and a presumptive diagnosis of AHF. Patients underwent repeated dyspnea and lung sonographic assessments using a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS) and an 8-zone scanning protocol. Lung sonographic assessments were performed at the time of triage, initial VAS improvement, and disposition from the emergency department. Sonographic pulmonary edema was independently scored offline in a randomized and blinded fashion by using a scoring method that accounted for both the sum of discrete B-lines and degree of B-line fusion. Sonographic pulmonary edema scores decreased significantly from initial to final sonographic assessments (P < .001). The median percentage decrease among the 20 included patient encounters was 81% (interquartile range, 55%-91%). Although sonographic pulmonary edema scores correlated with VAS scores (ρ = 0.64; P < .001), the magnitude of the change in these scores did not correlate with each other (ρ = -0.04; P = .89). Changes in sonographic pulmonary edema can be semiquantitatively measured by serial 8-zone lung sonography using a scoring method that accounts for B-line fusion. Sonographic pulmonary edema improves in patients with hypertensive AHF during the initial hours of treatment. © 2017 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Bilateral agenesis of the anterior cruciate ligament: MRI evaluation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bedoya, Maria A.; Jaramillo, Diego [The Children' s Hospital of Philadelphia, Radiology Department, Philadelphia, PA (United States); McGraw, Michael H. [Hospitalof theUniversityof Pennsylvania, Divisionof Orthopaedics, Philadelphia, PA (United States); Wells, Lawrence [The Children' s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Orthopaedics, Philadelphia, PA (United States)

2014-09-15

Bilateral agenesis of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is extremely rare. We describe a 13-year-old girl who presented with bilateral knee pain without history of trauma; she has two family members with knee instability. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral absence of the ACL, and medial posterior horn meniscal tears. Bilateral arthroscopic partial meniscectomy and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction was performed. (orig.)

Dental root agenesis following radiation and antineoplastic therapy: A Case Report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abdul Hafiz

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The survival rates of patients suffering from various childhood neoplasms have improved dramatically with the advent of chemo-radiation therapy. The harmful effects of chemo-radiation therapy in the oro-facial region such as root agenesis, short roots, impaired amelogenesis, dentinogenesis, radiation caries, and other soft tissue pathologies are well recognized. In spite of these documented risks, the antineoplastic treatment modalities continue to serve the patient for overall improvement in survival and quality of life. However, a thorough understanding of the growth and development process and its relation with the complex antineoplastic treatment is very important for all clinicians. Such awareness could significantly improve the status of patients in the posttreatment period with the implementation of proper preventive and interceptive measures. This article intends to document a case of root agenesis that developed secondary to chemo-radiation therapy in a 12-year-old girl.

MURCS association--a review of 7 cases.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mahajan P

1992-07-01

Full Text Available MURCS association (Mullerian hypoplasia/aplasia, renal agenesis and cervicothoracic somite dysplasia is emerging as the second most frequent cause of primary amenorrhoea after Turner syndrome. Seven cases have been described and analysed. All cases had absence of uterus and tubes 85% had cervical spine abnormalities such as vertebral fusion, hypoplasia of vertebrae or butterfly vertebrae and short stature and 28% had renal agenesis or ectopy. The latter finding is in contrast to the reports in world literature where the frequency of renal agenesis is higher. There was no familial incidence in these seven cases lending credence to the belief that the association is essentially sporadic.

Prenatal Sonographic Diagnosis of Acardiac Twins

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Jeong Ah; Song, Mi Jin [Cheil General Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2006-09-15

This study was performed to present the prenatal sonographic findings and the associated abnormalities of acardiac twins. Seven cases of acardiac twins were reviewed retrospectively. Prenatal ultrasonography was performed in all patients at a gestational age between 12 and 27 weeks (mean 17.6 weeks). Autopsy was performed in four cases. The sonographic and autopsy findings were reviewed to report the associated abnormalities of the acardiac and donor fetuses. The diagnosis of acardiac twins was made on the basis of ultrasonography (n=6) or autopsy (n=1). The associated abnormalities of the acardiac fetuses were single umbilical artery (SUA) (n=5), abdominal wall defect (n=4), club feet (n=4), scoliosis (n=1), cleft lip and palate (n=1), digital anomaly (n=1), and umbilical cord cyst (n=1). In four of the donor fetuses, sonographic abnormalities were found. Autopsy was performed in three of the four cases to reveal hydropic change (n=2), diaphragmatic hernia (n=1) and multiple structural abnormalities of interventricular septal defect, polydactyly, club feet and SUA (n=1). Intrauterine fetal death occurred in five donors and follow-up was lost in the remaining two. Meticulous sonography enables the diagnosis of acardiac twins at an early gestational age and can reveal the associated abnormalities of the donor fetus as well as the acardiac fetus

Prenatal Sonographic Diagnosis of Acardiac Twins

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Jeong Ah; Song, Mi Jin

2006-01-01

This study was performed to present the prenatal sonographic findings and the associated abnormalities of acardiac twins. Seven cases of acardiac twins were reviewed retrospectively. Prenatal ultrasonography was performed in all patients at a gestational age between 12 and 27 weeks (mean 17.6 weeks). Autopsy was performed in four cases. The sonographic and autopsy findings were reviewed to report the associated abnormalities of the acardiac and donor fetuses. The diagnosis of acardiac twins was made on the basis of ultrasonography (n=6) or autopsy (n=1). The associated abnormalities of the acardiac fetuses were single umbilical artery (SUA) (n=5), abdominal wall defect (n=4), club feet (n=4), scoliosis (n=1), cleft lip and palate (n=1), digital anomaly (n=1), and umbilical cord cyst (n=1). In four of the donor fetuses, sonographic abnormalities were found. Autopsy was performed in three of the four cases to reveal hydropic change (n=2), diaphragmatic hernia (n=1) and multiple structural abnormalities of interventricular septal defect, polydactyly, club feet and SUA (n=1). Intrauterine fetal death occurred in five donors and follow-up was lost in the remaining two. Meticulous sonography enables the diagnosis of acardiac twins at an early gestational age and can reveal the associated abnormalities of the donor fetus as well as the acardiac fetus

Congenital agenesis of unilateral parotid gland with ipsilateral type I first branchial cleft anomaly: A rare presentation

OpenAIRE

Tripti Maithani; Apoorva Pandey; Seema Acharya

2014-01-01

Aim: To report a rare case of unilateral parotid agenesis with ipsilateral type I first branchial cleft anomaly. Material and methods: A case study with special emphasis on the embryology, outlining the complex developmental process of parotid and branchial arches and highlighting the probable reason for development of such anomalies. Results: The literature states that unilateral parotid agenesis is a rare entity with few reported cases occurring solely or in conjunction with other hea...

Functional aspects of treatment with implant-supported single crowns: a quality control study in subjects with tooth agenesis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Goshima, Kenichi; Lexner, Michala O; Thomsen, Carsten Eckhart

2010-01-01

-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in subjects with tooth agenesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In nine females and nine males (32 + or - 10 years) with agenesis treated with one to four ISSC (68% in the premolar region), the treatment effect and masticatory function were assessed. The evaluation was performed first...... after implant placement shortly before crown cementation, and again 1 month after cementation. It consisted of questionnaires [including Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-49)] and functional examination with plastic strips, the Dental Prescale Film and the Occluzer system, Xylitol color-changeable gum...... with ISSCs in subjects with tooth agenesis significantly increased masticatory function subjectively and clinically as well as OHRQoL. However, as the functional parameters before replacement of the teeth corresponded to values in subjects with complete dentitions, the functional importance of the increase...

A comparison of skeletal maturation in patients with tooth agenesis and unaffected controls assessed by the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) index.

Science.gov (United States)

Casey, Christine; Gill, Daljit S; Jones, Steven P

2013-12-01

The aims of this study were to (1) investigate if there is a difference in skeletal maturation between tooth agenesis and control patients and (2) whether skeletal maturation is affected by the severity of tooth agenesis. The cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) index can be used to assess skeletal maturation. A retrospective cross-sectional study. Eastman Dental Hospital, London, UK. A total of 360 cephalograms of patients aged 9-17 years (164 males and 196 females) allocated to four subgroups (mild, moderate and severe tooth agenesis patients, and controls) were assessed retrospectively. There were 90 patients in each of the four subgroups. The skeletal maturation of each subject was assessed both quantitatively and qualitatively using the CVM index. All patients in the study were either currently receiving treatment or had been discharged from the hospital. There was no statistically significant relationship between skeletal maturation and the presence of tooth agenesis. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant relationship between the skeletal maturity of patients and different severities of tooth agenesis. The data obtained from this group of patients and using this measurement tool alone does not supply sufficient reason to reject the null hypothesis. However, it suggests that it is possible that no difference exists between the groups.

Radiographic assessment of agenesis, impaction, and pararadicular radiolucencies in relation with third molar in Nashik City of Maharashtra

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bhushan Sukdeo Ahire

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: The third molar develops entirely after birth and also it is the last tooth to erupt in all ethnic groups despite racial variations in the eruption sequence. Tooth development with effects on tooth size, shape, position, and total absence is affected due to environmental factors, systemic diseases, genetic polymorphisms, and teratogens. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of agenesis, impaction, and pararadicular radiolucencies in relation with third molars. Materials and Methods: One hundred digital orthopantomograph (OPG scans of patients of age ranging from 18 to 25 years were selected randomly from the digital OPG database of the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, and then assessment and analysis were carried out. Results: Overall agenesis rate was about 14.5%. Bilateral agenesis of maxillary and mandibular third molars was about 14% and 13%, respectively. Overall impaction rate was about 21.92%. Mesioangular impaction rate was about 57.33% whereas distoangular impaction rate was about 26.66%. Prevalence of pararadicular radiolucencies was only about 0.8% with mandibular predilection. Conclusion: As the agenesis of the third molars is increasing, they can be considered as vestigial. Prevalence of impaction of the third molars is increasing. Pararadicular radiolucencies are mostly seen with mandibular third molar.

Intrauterine shelves in pregnancy: sonographic observations.

Science.gov (United States)

Brown, D L; Felker, R E; Emerson, D S

1989-10-01

Twenty-five shelves of tissue, all having a free edge within the uterine cavity, were identified by sonography in 24 singleton pregnancies. In no case did the shelf attach to the fetus or restrict fetal motion. The fetus was sonographically normal in 23 pregnancies, and no fetus developed amniotic-band syndrome. One fetus had anencephaly, probably unrelated to amniotic-band syndrome. Although these shelves may be due to synechiae, only eight (32%) of the patients had a history of dilatation and curettage or cesarean delivery, which predispose the patient to formation of synechiae. This experience suggests that when a shelf of tissue with a free edge is present within the pregnant uterus, there should be no concern for the development of amniotic-band syndrome as long as a complete sonographic survey of the fetus reveals no abnormalities.

Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of diastrophic dwarfism.

Science.gov (United States)

Tongsong, Theera; Wanapirak, Chanane; Sirichotiyakul, Supatra; Chanprapaph, Pharuhas

2002-02-01

A healthy 27-year-old pregnant woman underwent sonographic examination because her uterine size was large for 20 weeks' menstrual age. Sonograms showed short fetal limbs with hitchhiker thumbs and toes, thoracic scoliosis, clubbed feet, and polyhydramnios. The ossification of all bony structures appeared normal, and there was no evidence of fractures. On the basis of these sonographic findings, we diagnosed skeletal dysplasia and short-limbed dwarfism, most likely diastrophic dwarfism. We counseled the parents, and the pregnancy was continued. At 37 weeks menstrual age, the patient vaginally delivered a male infant that weighed 2,560 g. The infant survived with respiratory support during his first few days of life. Postnatal physical and radiologic examinations confirmed the prenatal diagnosis of diastrophic dwarfism. Sonography is the modality of choice for prenatal detection of diastrophic dwarfism. Copyright 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

A cross-sectional analysis of the prevalence of tooth agenesis and structural dental anomalies in association with cleft type in non-syndromic oral cleft patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Konstantonis, Dimitrios; Alexandropoulos, Alexandros; Konstantoni, Nikoleta; Nassika, Maria

2017-12-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of tooth agenesis, microdontia, and tooth malformation among non-syndromic oral cleft patients and their potential association with cleft type and gender. Intraoral records and radiographs of 154 patients (97 males and 57 females) were examined. The variables assessed were tooth agenesis, microdontia, dental malformations, and cleft types. The statistics included chi-square and Fisher's exact tests as well as logistic regression to assess any mutual effects of gender and cleft type on the dental variables. Tooth agenesis occurred in 50% of the sample and microdontia in 18%. Non-statistically significant odds ratios for the association of gender and cleft type with tooth agenesis were obtained. Tooth agenesis was substantially higher at the unilateral right CL + P and the bilateral CL + P in quadrant 1 and at the unilateral left CL + P and bilateral CL + P in quadrant 2. It was also higher, at the isolated cleft palate (CP) in quadrants 3 and 4. These results were attributed to teeth 22 (31.8%) and 12 (21.6%) in the maxilla and to teeth 35 (6.1%) and 45 (5.4%) in the mandible. In unilateral CL + P patients, the cleft quadrant that presented tooth agenesis was associated with the side of the cleft. Interdisciplinary treatment of the oral cleft patients should take into consideration the high prevalence of tooth agenesis and their association with the different cleft types. The most frequently affected teeth by cleft are by far the upper lateral incisors. Results indicate that tooth agenesis appears to be a genetically controlled anomaly related to the orofacial cleft development through various genetic links and not caused by the cleft disruptive process.

Effect of Vestibulo-Proprioceptive Stimulations in a Child with Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hamid Dalvand

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Background and Aim: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of vestibulo-proprioceptive stimulations of sensory integration theory on the development of gross and fine motor, language and personal-social functions in a child with agenesis of the corpus callosum.Case: We report a 10.5 month old boy with agenesis of the corpus callosum. The intervention was administered based on sensory integration theory an hour a week for 20 weeks. The exercise intervention consisted of proprioceptive and linear, sustained and low frequency vestibular stimulations on suspension device and physio roll. A Denver Developmental Screening- II and milestones skill testing was completed pre-intervention and monthly. Post-intervention, age of gross motor, fine motor adaptive, language, and personal-social functions significantly improved. Based on milestones skills, maintenance of gross motor functions (e.g. sitting and quadruped position improved. The child could roll from side to side and released objects voluntarily. The reaction time to auditory stimulations became less than 2 seconds.Conclusion: vestibulo-proprioceptive stimulations using the neuroplasticity ability of the central nervous system is effective for development of gross and fine motor, language, and personal-social functions. These exercises can be administered for a child with agenesis of the corpus callosum.

Terms, definitions and measurements to describe sonographic features of myometrium and uterine masses

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Van den Bosch, Thierry; Dueholm, Margit; Leone, FP

2015-01-01

imaging. The terms and definitions described may form the basis for prospective studies to predict the risk of different myometrial pathologies, based on their ultrasound appearance, and thus should be relevant for the clinician in daily practice and for clinical research. The sonographic features and use......The MUSA (Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment) statement is a consensus statement on terms, definitions and measurements that may be used to describe and report the sonographic features of the myometrium using gray-scale sonography, color/power Doppler and three-dimensional ultrasound...

RENAL INVOLVEMENT IN SUBJECTS WITH PERIPHERAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

FAWZY, A.; IBRAHIM, S.

2008-01-01

Ischemic nephropathy is an important cause of renal failure.Sub-clinical renal function abnormalities may exist in patients with extra renal atherosclerosis and may precede the onset of overt ischemic nephropathy. To assess the impact of extrarenal atherosclerosis on the kidney, the study evaluated renal function in 50 subjects with differing degrees of peripheral atherosclerosis without manifest clinical or laboratory signs of ischemic nephropathy and renovascular hypertension.All laboratory testing including total LDL and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, ultrasonography with Doppler analysis for the localization of peripheral vascular disease (carotid and lower limb arteries), and non-invasive evaluation of renal function by radionuclide studies of renal plasma flow (MAG3 clearance) and glomerular filtration (DTPA clearance) were determined as well as smoking habit was recorded. By combining sonographic data on arterial tree stenosis (ATS), the subjects were grouped according to the atherosclerotic vascular damage (ATS involvement). The results showed no change in plasma creatinine while DTPA clearance was increased from 91.58±26.53 to 93.47±24.82 ml/min/1.73 m. MAG3 clearance was progressively declined with the severity of vascular damage from 244.86 ± 60.60 to 173.59±58.74 ml/min/1.73 m.Stepwise, multiple regression analysis indicated that MAG3 clearance was best explained by ATS involvement (standardized B coefficient -0.40; P< 0.001), smoking habit (-0.34;P=0.004) and serum LDL-cholesterol (-0.24; P<0.035).It could be concluded that the renal hemodynamic profile in atherosclerotic patients might constitute functional evidence of the silent phase of ischemic renal disease. The findings suggest that renal function should be carefully assessed in patients with extrarenal atherosclerosis, particularly in those with classic cardiovascular risk factors

Swedish Sonographers' perceptions of ergonomic problems at work and their suggestions for improvement.

Science.gov (United States)

Gemark Simonsen, Jenny; Gard, Gunvor

2016-09-15

Sonographers' perceptions of ergonomic and work-related pain problems at work have so far mostly been researched in quantitative studies by questionnaires. There is a need of experience-based research to deepen the knowledge about how sonographers perceive ergonomic problems at work. Therefore, the aim of this qualitative study was to describe sonographers' perceptions of ergonomic problems at work, and their suggestions for improvement strategies. Twenty-two female sonographers were individually interviewed regarding different aspects of their physical working environment. Content analysis was applied. The sonographers perceived different ergonomic problems in their working environment, but to offer patient comfort and to obtain the best possible images were often prioritized over working posture. Echocardiography was considered demanding as the examination is performed with little variation in posture. Ergonomic improvements included reducing the manual handling of the transducer, optimizing the adjustability of equipment, and taking the patient's physique and health into account. As some examinations were perceived to be more ergonomically demanding, variation between examinations was suggested, however, this requires broader skills. Sonography, especially echocardiography is ergonomically demanding but the improvement strategies suggested were perceived useful and applicable.

The Prevalence of Palmaris longus agenesis among the Ghanaian population

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Osonuga A

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Objective: Background: Studies have documented the agenesis of Palmaris longus muscle in different populations but none has included the Ghanaian population. Methods: The study involved 226 subjects (130 females and 96 males who are students of the University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. The presence of the PLM was clinically determined using the Schaeffer’s test. Subjects in which the tendon was not visualized or palpable, two other tests were performed to confirm the absence. Results: The total prevalence of absence of PLM was 3.1%; absence on the left hand was commoner than on the right hand. The frequency of PLM absence was also slightly higher in females than in males representing 1.8% and 1.3% respectively. One female had the PLM absent bilaterally whiles a male subject had a trifid tendon on the right forearm with a bifid on the left. Conclusion: The prevalence of PLM agenesis in the Ghanaian population is lower compared to values coated in standard textbook on surgery. PLM is not diminishing as fast as observed in some population hence it is can be readily used as donor tendon by Ghanaian surgeons.

Analysis of the golden proportion and width/height ratios of maxillary anterior dentition in patients with lateral incisor agenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Pini, Núbia Pavesi; de-Marchi, Luciana Manzotti; Gribel, Bruno Frazão; Ubaldini, Adriana Lemos Mori; Pascotto, Renata Corrêa

2012-12-01

  The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of the golden proportion (GP) in the facial view tooth-to-tooth width proportion of the six maxillary anterior teeth and to evaluate the width/height (W/H) ratios of the incisors of patients with maxillary lateral incisor (LI) agenesis treated either with implants or orthodontically (by moving canines into the position of the laterals, recontouring them, and placing composite restorations over the repositioned teeth).   Forty-eight patients with LI agenesis were divided into four experimental groups: unilateral recontouring group (N = 10), bilateral recontouring group (BRG, N = 18), unilateral implant group (UIG, N = 10), bilateral implant group (N = 10), and a control group (CG, N = 25) of patients without agenesis. GP ratios were determined on patients' dental casts placed over Levin's grids, whereas W/H ratios were measured directly on the casts and a millimeter ruler to determine these distances. Statistical analysis was performed with Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests (p mean W/H ratios of the laterals ranged between 0.75 and 0.90.   Although the GP may be a useful diagnostic guide, it was not observed in the majority of esthetic outcomes of patients treated with maxillary LI agenesis in this study. The assessment of the golden proportion and width/height ratio of upper anterior teeth in patients with upper lateral incisor agenesis treated with either implants or tooth re-contouring may assist dentists and patients in deciding the best treatment option based on the peculiarities of each case. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Sonographic features of lethal multiple pterygium syndrome at 14 weeks.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Min; Chan, Gavin Shueng Wai; Lee, Chin Peng; Tang, Mary Hoi Yin

2005-06-01

Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome is a rare inherited disorder. Previous reports suggest that the diagnosis may be based on prenatal sonographic demonstration of severe limb flexion, absence of fetal motion, and a large cystic hygroma in the second and third trimesters. We present the sonographic features and postmortem features of a fetus with lethal multiple pterygium syndrome at 13 weeks of gestation, which shows that the condition can possibly be diagnosed in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Agenesis of the gallbladder with hypoplastic cystic duct diagnosed at laparoscopy.

Science.gov (United States)

Kwon, A-Hon; Yanagimoto, Hiroaki; Matsui, Yoichi; Imamura, Atsushi

2006-08-01

An 86-year-old man was admitted to our department with complaints of intermittent upper abdominal pain. Ultrasonography of the abdomen showed dilated extrahepatic bile ducts containing stones; however, the gallbladder was not clearly identified. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed dilated extrahepatic ducts and choledocholithiasis without gallbladder visualization. The stone extraction was performed with endoscopic sphincterotomy. Three-dimensional images using spiral-computed tomography after intravenous-infusion cholangiography clearly demonstrated an obstruction of the cystic duct. The patient was scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. At laparoscopy, the gallbladder fossa was not identified on the undersurface of the liver. Despite a thorough examination of the intrahepatic (left-sided within the lesser omentum), retroperitoneal, retrohepatic (within the falciform ligament), retroduodenal, and retropancreatic areas using laparoscopic ultrasonography, the gallbladder was not found. After careful dissection of the hepatoduodenal ligament, the dilated extrahepatic bile duct and a 1-cm length of hypoplastic cystic duct were found. Gallbladder agenesis is usually accompanied by the lack of the cystic duct. The present case is the third report of gallbladder agenesis with a patent or hypoplastic cystic duct.

Sonographic features of invasive ductal breast carcinomas predictive of malignancy grade.

Science.gov (United States)

Gupta, Kanika; Kumaresan, Meenakshisundaram; Venkatesan, Bhuvaneswari; Chandra, Tushar; Patil, Aruna; Menon, Maya

2018-01-01

Assessment of individual sonographic features provides vital clues about the biological behavior of breast masses and can assist in determining histological grade of malignancy and thereby prognosis. Assessment of individual sonographic features of biopsy proven invasive ductal breast carcinomas as predictors of malignancy grade. A retrospective analysis of sonographic findings of 103 biopsy proven invasive ductal breast carcinomas. Tumor characteristics on gray-scale ultrasound and color flow were assessed using American College of Radiology (ACR) Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) Atlas Fifth Edition. The sonographic findings of masses were individually correlated with their histopathologic grades. Chi square test, ordinal regression, and Goodman and Kruskal tau test. Breast mass showing reversal/lack of diastolic flow has a high probability of belonging to histological high grade tumor ( β 1.566, P 0.0001 ). The masses with abrupt interface boundary are more likely grade 3 ( β 1.524, P 0.001 ) in comparison to masses with echogenic halos. The suspicious calcifications present in and outside the mass is a finding associated with histologically high grade tumors. The invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs) with complex solid and cystic echotexture are more likely to be of high histological grade ( β 1.146, P 0.04 ) as compared to masses with hypoechoic echotexture. Certain ultrasound features are associated with tumor grade on histopathology. If the radiologist is cognizant of these sonographic features, ultrasound can be a potent modality for predicting histopathological grade of IDCs of the breast, especially in settings where advanced tests such as receptor and molecular analyses are limited.

Sonographic Analysis of the Collapsed Gall Bladder

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Han, Sang Suk; Choi, Jae Young; Choi, Seok Jin; Eun, Chung Ki; Nam, Kyung Jin; Lee, Jeong Mi

1996-01-01

This study was done to find answers for further following questions in cases of the collapsed gallbladder (GB) : What is the probability of the presence of stone when stony echo is visible in GB area? What is the probability of the presence of stone when only acoustic shadow is visible from GB area? What are the associated GB pathologies except stone or cholecystitis in previously mentioned situations and is it possible to differentiate them? What are the underlying pathologies of GB collapse without stony echo or acoustic shadow and is it possible to differentiate them sonographic ally? What are the rate and causes of re-expansion of the collapsed GB on follow-up study? Prospective study was done in 157 cases of collapsed GB with no visible or nearly no visible bile filled lumen in recent 3 years. Sonographic analysis for GB lesions was done in 61 confirmed cases. Changing pattern of GB lumen on follow-up study and their underlying pathologies were analyzed in 28 cases. Initial sonographic examination was done with 3 or 3.5 MHz transducer. No other transducer was used in cases showing stony echo or acoustic shadow in GB area, but additional examination was done with 5 or 7-4 MHz transducer in cases without stony echo or acoustic shadow. Among 31 cases, which showed stony echo, stone was found in 30 cases and milk of calcium bile in one case. Stone was present in all of the 11 cases which showed only acoustic shadow from the collapsed GB without stony echo. GB cancer was accompanied in 2 cases among upper 42 cases, and its possibility could be suspected sonographic ally. Underlying pathologies of the 19cases without stony echo or acoustic shadow were as follows : GB stone (3), cholecystitis (6), GB cancer (1), bile plug syndrome (1), hepatitis (5), and ascites (3). And sonographic differentiation of the underlying causes for the collapse was possible in only 1 case of GB cancer. Among 28 cases of the follow-up study, 20 cases showed re-expansion of the GB lumen and

Does asymptomatic septal agenesis exist? A review of 34 cases

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Belhocine, Ouardia; Andre, Christine; Kalifa, Gabriel; Adamsbaum, Catherine [St Vincent de Paul Hospital, Radiology Department, Paris (France)

2005-04-01

Primary septal agenesis (PSA) is a rare brain malformation that can be isolated or part of developmental brain abnormalities (holoprosencephaly, septo-optic dysplasia or cortical malformation). Such associated malformation can be subtle, leading to difficulties in the prenatal management of PSA. Moreover, the neurological prognosis of isolated PSA remains debatable. The aims of the study were to specify the patterns and frequency of brain malformations associated with septal agenesis (SA), to identify the clinical prognosis, and to discuss the aetiology of PSA with the new insights provided by molecular genetics. The study consisted of a 14-year retrospective review of brain MRI in 34 patients having PSA (mean age, 5 years). Chiasm and optic nerves were not evaluated. Post-hydrocephalus SA or incomplete data were excluded. The clinical data were correlated to the MRI patterns. The study disclosed 82.5% associated lesions with MRI (28/34): 11 neuronal migration disorders, 9 holoprosencephalies (HP), 7 pituitary stalk interruptions, 1 corpus callosum partial agenesis; 17.5% (6/34) of cases were apparently isolated PAS. Clinically, the patients had motor dysfunction in 68% (23/34), mental retardation in 65% (22/34), blindness in 24% (8/34), endocrinological defects in 21% (7/34) and epilepsy in 18% (6/34) of cases. Nine percent of patients (3/34) were neurologically normal (including one with scoliosis and two infants younger than 2 years at the last follow-up). Patients with bilateral cortical anomalies and HP (even if mild) had the worst neurological prognosis. A severe motor impairment was present without evidence of hemispheric anomaly in 12% of patients (4/34). Interestingly, the frontal lobes were involved in 90% of cortical anomalies and HP, supporting the malformative aetiology of PSA. PSA rarely appears isolated and severe psychomotor impairment may occur in apparently isolated forms. These unfavourable results should be highlighted and need to be confirmed

Hereditary renal adysplasia, pulmonary hypoplasia and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome: a case report

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

Background Hereditary renal adysplasia is an autosomal dominant trait with incomplete penetrance and variable expression that is usually associated with malformative combinations (including Müllerian anomalies) affecting different mesodermal organs such as the heart, lung, and urogenital system. Case report A case showing pulmonary hypoplasia, hip dysplasia, hereditary renal adysplasia, and Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome in adulthood is reported here. The i.v. pyelography showed right renal agenesis with a normal left kidney and ureter. Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging also showed right renal agenesis with multicystic embryonary remnants in the right hemipelvis probably corresponding to a dysgenetic kidney. An uretrocystoscopy showed absence of ectopic ureter and of the right hemitrigone. She was scheduled for a diagnostic laparoscopy and creation of a neovagina according to the McIndoe technique with a prosthesis and skin graft. Laparoscopy confirmed the absence of the uterus. On both sides, an elongated, solid, rudimentary uterine horn could be observed. Both ovaries were also elongated, located high in both abdominal flanks and somewhat dysgenetics. A conventional cytogenetic study revealed a normal female karyotype 46, XX at a level of 550 GTG bands. A CGH analysis was performed using a 244K oligoarray CGH detecting 11 copy number variants described as normal variants in the databases. The 17q12 and 22q11.21 microdeletions described in other MRKH patients were not present in this case. Four years after operation her evolution is normal, without symptoms and the neovagina is adequately functional. The geneticists have studied her family history and the pedigree of the family is shown. Conclusions We suggest that primary damage to the mesoderm (paraaxil, intermediate, and lateral) caused by mutations in a yet unidentified gene is responsible for: 1) skeletal dysplasia, 2) inappropriate interactions between the bronchial mesoderm and endodermal

The role of scintigraphy and ultrasound in the imaging of neonatal hypothyroidism: 5-year retrospective review of single-centre experience

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De Silva, Ami; Jong, Ian; McLean, Glenda; Nandurkar, Dee; Bergman, Philip; Brown, Justin; Rodda, Christina

2014-01-01

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH), as indicated by an elevation of capillary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) at newborn screening, is a preventable cause of mental retardation with varying aetiology; it can be transient or permanent. Radionuclide assessment is currently the gold standard for imaging CH. This study aimed to (i) review the different scintigraphic patterns and correlate them with TSH levels/patient outcomes, (ii) assess the role of sonography in neonates with apparent agenesis as indicated by scintigraphy and (iii) develop a diagnostic investigative algorithm. The technetium thyroid scans of 83 consecutive patients (49 females, average age 32 days) with CH scanned between 2005 and 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. Two nuclear medicine physicians blinded to the clinical details interpreted the scans in consensus. Scintigram appearances were categorised into five groups. Patients scintigraphically diagnosed with thyroid agenesis were evaluated with ultrasound. TSH values and scintigraphic and sonographic findings were correlated with patients' final diagnosis. Based on scintigraphy, 14, 13 and 19 patients out of 83 were assessed as having normal thyroid sites with normal, increased and decreased uptake, respectively. Twenty-two of 83 patients had no uptake, and 15 of 83 patients had ectopic uptake. Higher median TSH levels were seen in no-uptake and ectopic uptake subgroups. Eighteen of 22 patients with no uptake were evaluated with ultrasound. Three of the 18 patients had a normal thyroid gland, and three of 18 patients had a hypoplastic thyroid. Scintigram findings in patients with congenital hypothyroidism fall into five major categories, which have therapeutic implications (lifelong thyroxine in agenesis versus trial of stopping thyroxine in other subgroups). Sonographic demonstration of thyroid tissue in patients scintigraphically diagnosed with thyroid agenesis has major management implications.

Possible role of MRI in the follow-up of the renal transplants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gremo, L.; Avatenello, T.; Borre', A.; Potenzoni, F.; Colla, L.; Segolini, G.

1988-01-01

The authors discuss the possible role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the follow-up of renal transplants. Its diagnostic accuracy is compared with Ultrasounds (US), which is considered the method of choice in postoperative monitoring of renal transplants. Thirty-two patients (transplant life ranging from 5 days to 37 months) were examined in the same day with both MRI and US. Sonographic evaluation is based on a group of signs related to renal alteration and unanimously ascertained; the identification of MR patterns of normally functioning kidney or renal rejection might give way to more extensive clinical applications of the method, with the advantages of multiplanarity and no X-ray use. MR diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of normally functioning transplant or renal rejection was 82.7% (vs. US: 68.9% vs. 656.25%). MRI is more sensitive in demonstrating renal pathology in transplanted kidneys, and its diagnostic accuracy is superior. Still, US must be considered the methodology of choice in instrumental research when there is a clinical suspicion of renal rejection, due to its sufficient diagnostic accuracy, to its being easy to perform in continuous follow-up, to its low cost and to the short execution time. MRI is nevertheless suggested in the follow-up of renal transplants both in questionable cases and when biopsy cannot be performed

Agenesis of dorsal pancreas with eventration of diaphragm and intrapancreatic pseudocyst: a rare entity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Poras Chaudhary

2013-02-01

Full Text Available A case of acute pancreatitis in a 43-year-old male patient, which was eventually diagnosed as agenesis of dorsal pancreas with eventration of left hemidiaphragm and intrapancreatic pseudocyst is being reported.

Aicardi's syndrome: (agenesis of the corpus callosum, infantile spasms, and ocular anomalies).

Science.gov (United States)

Dinani, S; Jancar, J

1984-06-01

A case of Aicardi's syndrome is reported. A 12-year-old mentally handicapped female has all the characteristics of the syndrome: agenesis of the Corpus callosum; female infant with mental handicap, epilepsy, characteristic eye lesions, vertebral anomalies and abnormal EEG pattern. The results of supporting examination and investigations are noted.

Sonographic analysis of adult polycystic kidney disease ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2014-03-24

Mar 24, 2014 ... local incidence and peculiarities in clinical and sonographic characteristics are unknown. ... Click here to download free Android application for this journal ..... as well as in the authors' country[15,16,58] must be a source.

CCT and sonographic findings in congenital craniopharyngioma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Helmke, K.; Hausdorf, G.; Moehrs, D.; Laas, R.

1984-11-01

In a case of congenital craniopharyngioma results of the sonographic and CCT examinations are reported and compared with postmortem macroscopic cuts. Comparison is made of clinical data from six cases with congenital craniopharyngioma as reported in the literature.

Sonographic features of invasive ductal breast carcinomas predictive of malignancy grade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kanika Gupta

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Context: Assessment of individual sonographic features provides vital clues about the biological behavior of breast masses and can assist in determining histological grade of malignancy and thereby prognosis. Aims: Assessment of individual sonographic features of biopsy proven invasive ductal breast carcinomas as predictors of malignancy grade. Settings and Design: A retrospective analysis of sonographic findings of 103 biopsy proven invasive ductal breast carcinomas. Materials and Methods: Tumor characteristics on gray-scale ultrasound and color flow were assessed using American College of Radiology (ACR Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS Atlas Fifth Edition. The sonographic findings of masses were individually correlated with their histopathologic grades. Statistical Analysis Used: Chi square test, ordinal regression, and Goodman and Kruskal tau test. Results: Breast mass showing reversal/lack of diastolic flow has a high probability of belonging to histological high grade tumor ( β 1.566, P 0.0001. The masses with abrupt interface boundary are more likely grade 3 ( β 1.524, P 0.001 in comparison to masses with echogenic halos. The suspicious calcifications present in and outside the mass is a finding associated with histologically high grade tumors. The invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs with complex solid and cystic echotexture are more likely to be of high histological grade ( β 1.146, P 0.04 as compared to masses with hypoechoic echotexture. Conclusions: Certain ultrasound features are associated with tumor grade on histopathology. If the radiologist is cognizant of these sonographic features, ultrasound can be a potent modality for predicting histopathological grade of IDCs of the breast, especially in settings where advanced tests such as receptor and molecular analyses are limited.

CCT and sonographic findings in congenital craniopharyngioma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Helmke, K.; Hausdorf, G.; Moehrs, D.; Laas, R.

1984-01-01

In a case of congenital craniopharyngioma results of the sonographic and CCT examinations are reported and compared with postmortem macroscopic cuts. Comparison is made of clinical data from six cases with congenital craniopharyngioma as reported in the literature. (orig.)

Isolated left-sided pulmonary artery agenesis with left lung hypoplasia: A report of two cases

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

V Govindaraj

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Unilateral absence of pulmonary artery or pulmonary artery agenesis (UAPA is a rare congenital malformation that can present as an isolated lesion or in association with other cardiac anomalies. Though congenital, presentation in adults are also reported. Most common presentation in adults is of exercise intolerance. The developing lung on the affected side is hypoplastic. Diagnosis of UAPA is established by imaging methods like CT and MRI . There is no specific treatment for this condition. Treatment depends on patients symptomatology, presence of pulmonary hypertension and collateral circulation. Presence of pulmonary hypertension carries a bad prognosis. We present two adult patients with isolated left sided unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis with ipsilateral lung hypoplasia. The diagnosis was confirmed by CT chest and perfusion scan.

Orthodontic management of bilateral maxillary canine-first premolar transposition and bilateral agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Di Palma, Elena; Di Giuseppe, Biagio; Tepedino, Michele; Chimenti, Claudio

2015-01-01

Maxillary canine-first premolar transposition (Mx.C.P1) is an uncommon dental positional anomaly that may create many orthodontic problems from both esthetic and functional points of view. In this report we show the orthodontic management of a case of Mx.C.P1 associated with bilateral maxillary lateral incisor agenesis and unilateral mandibular second premolar agenesis The patient was treated with a multibracket appliance and the extraction of the lower premolar. treatment was completed without the need for any prosthetic replacement.

Professional and patient-based evaluation of oral rehabilitation in patients with tooth agenesis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dueled, Erik; Gotfredsen, Klaus; Trab Damsgaard, Mogens

2009-01-01

OBJECTIVES: The outcome of oral rehabilitation is usually monitored with clinical tests rather than by patient's perception of change. The aim of this study was to describe the objective measure and subjective perception of oral rehabilitation in patients with tooth agenesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS...

Magnetic resonance and sonographic imagings of masticatory muscle myalgia in temporomandibular disorder patients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yoshiko Ariji, DDS, PhD

2017-02-01

Full Text Available This article reviews recently published studies investigating the MRI and sonographic diagnosis of masticatory muscle myalgia in temporomandibular disorder patients. The MRI and sonographic features of muscle after treatment are also discussed. Literature published within the last 15 years was obtained from the PubMed database using the following Mesh terms: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI or sonography, masticatory muscle pain, and treatment. MRI and sonography enable accurate visualization and evaluation of the masticatory muscles, thereby increasing our understanding of pathology and cause of pain associated with these muscles. Although therapeutic efficacy is often evaluated based on clinical findings, MR and sonographic imaging studies may also be valuable.

Atypical sonographic patterns of fibroadenoma of the breast : pathologic correlation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kook, Shin Ho; Kim, Myung Sook; Pae, Won Kil [Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan Univ. College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1999-03-01

To correlate the atypical sonographic patterns of fibroadenoma of the breast with the pathologic findings. Among 203 surgically proven 43 which were sonographically atypical fibroadenomas, were retrospectively reviewed. The diagnostic criteria for atypical variety, as seen on sonography, were an ill-defined margin, microlobulated or irregular shape, heterogeneous internal echo-pattern, posterior shadowing, microcalcification, and clefts. The atypical sonographic patterns of these 43 fibroadenomas were analysed and compared with the pathologic findings. Among 43 lesions, ill-defined margins or irregular shapes were seen in 15 cases, heterogeneous internal echo-patterns in 27, posterior attenuation in nine, and clefts in seven. Thirty-seven (86%) of the 43 were predominantly ductal or had a mixed ductal and stromal component. Eleven (73.3%) of fifteen ill-defined margin or irregular shaped lesions were caused by interdigitation of surrounding normal breast parenchyma and mass. Twenty two (81.5%) of 27 heterogeneous internal echo-pat-terns were related to dilated ducts, phyllodes features, collagen bundles, adenosis, microcalcification, or fat vacuoles. Eight (88.9%) of nine posterior attenuations were caused by collagen bundles, microcalcification, ductal proliferation or dilatation. All seven cases showing clefts revealed phyllodes features and dilated ducts. Most atypical fibroadenomas had a predominantly ductal or mixed component. Ill-defined margin or irregular shape was mainly due to interdigitation of normal surrounding parenchyma. Variable histologic features were related to the heterogeneous internal echo-pattern, posterior shadowing, and the clefts revealed by atypical sonographic findings.

Atypical sonographic patterns of fibroadenoma of the breast : pathologic correlation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kook, Shin Ho; Kim, Myung Sook; Pae, Won Kil

1999-01-01

To correlate the atypical sonographic patterns of fibroadenoma of the breast with the pathologic findings. Among 203 surgically proven 43 which were sonographically atypical fibroadenomas, were retrospectively reviewed. The diagnostic criteria for atypical variety, as seen on sonography, were an ill-defined margin, microlobulated or irregular shape, heterogeneous internal echo-pattern, posterior shadowing, microcalcification, and clefts. The atypical sonographic patterns of these 43 fibroadenomas were analysed and compared with the pathologic findings. Among 43 lesions, ill-defined margins or irregular shapes were seen in 15 cases, heterogeneous internal echo-patterns in 27, posterior attenuation in nine, and clefts in seven. Thirty-seven (86%) of the 43 were predominantly ductal or had a mixed ductal and stromal component. Eleven (73.3%) of fifteen ill-defined margin or irregular shaped lesions were caused by interdigitation of surrounding normal breast parenchyma and mass. Twenty two (81.5%) of 27 heterogeneous internal echo-pat-terns were related to dilated ducts, phyllodes features, collagen bundles, adenosis, microcalcification, or fat vacuoles. Eight (88.9%) of nine posterior attenuations were caused by collagen bundles, microcalcification, ductal proliferation or dilatation. All seven cases showing clefts revealed phyllodes features and dilated ducts. Most atypical fibroadenomas had a predominantly ductal or mixed component. Ill-defined margin or irregular shape was mainly due to interdigitation of normal surrounding parenchyma. Variable histologic features were related to the heterogeneous internal echo-pattern, posterior shadowing, and the clefts revealed by atypical sonographic findings

Lymphangiomas in children: correlation of sonographic and pathologic findings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Sun Wha; Ryu, Kyung Nam; Yoon, Yup; Yu, Pil Mun

1992-01-01

The sonographic features of 23 lymphangiomas (19 pediatric patients) were compared with the pathologic findings. Nineteen lymphangiomas appeared as unicameral (n = 2) and multiloculated (n = 17) cystic masses. Remaining lesions were inhomogeneously echogenic mass with small cystic portions (n 3) and a mixed pattern (n = 1). Fourteen of the multiloculated tumors had thin septa and 6 had solid echogenic foci. The fluid within the majority of the cyst was anechoic in 8 cases and echogenic in 11 cases. Correlation of the sonographic features with the pathologic findings demonstrated that the cystic spaces corresponded to the dilated lymphatic spaces lined with endothelium, separated by septa. Echogenic fluid represented hemorrhage. The echogenic components corresponded to clusters of very smaller dilated lymphatic channels, thick fibro-fatty septa, or blood clot. The author's experience suggests that the most characteristic sonographic appearance of lymphangioma is a multiloculated cystic mass with thin septa, reflecting the preponderance of fluid-filled spaces. An atypical appearance usually reflects the presence of blood or dominancy of cavernous type. The information obtained with US imaging can help in providing a preoperative diagnosis and in planning surgical resection

Lymphangiomas in children: correlation of sonographic and pathologic findings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Sun Wha; Ryu, Kyung Nam; Yoon, Yup [Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Yu, Pil Mun [Dankuk University College of Medicine, Cheonan (Korea, Republic of)

1992-11-15

The sonographic features of 23 lymphangiomas (19 pediatric patients) were compared with the pathologic findings. Nineteen lymphangiomas appeared as unicameral (n = 2) and multiloculated (n = 17) cystic masses. Remaining lesions were inhomogeneously echogenic mass with small cystic portions (n 3) and a mixed pattern (n = 1). Fourteen of the multiloculated tumors had thin septa and 6 had solid echogenic foci. The fluid within the majority of the cyst was anechoic in 8 cases and echogenic in 11 cases. Correlation of the sonographic features with the pathologic findings demonstrated that the cystic spaces corresponded to the dilated lymphatic spaces lined with endothelium, separated by septa. Echogenic fluid represented hemorrhage. The echogenic components corresponded to clusters of very smaller dilated lymphatic channels, thick fibro-fatty septa, or blood clot. The author's experience suggests that the most characteristic sonographic appearance of lymphangioma is a multiloculated cystic mass with thin septa, reflecting the preponderance of fluid-filled spaces. An atypical appearance usually reflects the presence of blood or dominancy of cavernous type. The information obtained with US imaging can help in providing a preoperative diagnosis and in planning surgical resection.

Mammographic density in asymptomatic menopausal women: correlation with clinical and sonographic findings

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beatriz Regina Alvares

2012-06-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To evaluate mammographic breast density in asymptomatic menopausal women in correlation with clinical and sonographic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mammograms and clinical and sonographic findings of 238 asymptomatic patients were retrospectively reviewed in the period from February/2022 to June/2006. The following variables were analyzed: mammographic density patterns, sonographic findings, patients' age, parity, body mass index and use of hormone replacement therapy. RESULTS: Age, parity and body mass index showed a negative correlation with breast density pattern, while use of hormone replacement therapy showed a positive correlation. Supplementary breast ultrasonography was performed in 103 (43.2% patients. Alterations which could not be visualized at mammography were found in 34 (33% of them, most frequently in women with breast density patterns 3 and 4. CONCLUSION: The authors concluded that breast density patterns were influenced by age, parity, body mass index and time of hormone replacement therapy. Despite not having found any malignant abnormality in the studied cases, the authors have observed a predominance of benign sonographic abnormalities in women with high breast density patterns and without mammographic abnormalities, proving the relevance of supplementary ultrasonography to identify breast lesions in such patients.

Sonographic evaluation of penile in patients with erectile dysfunction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Urena Trigueros, Christian

2012-01-01

A review of the current state of knowledge is made on sonographic evaluation of penile in patients with erectile dysfunction. This sonography is developed with high resolution ultrasound on gray scale, combined with color Doppler ultrasonography; which the arteries of penile are examined before and during the erection. The penile ultrasonography has meant an important tool in the evaluation of specific patients who have submitted erectile dysfunction, particularly, in those with record of trauma and history of Peyronie's disease. In addition, through a sonographic evaluation has permitted to prove manifestations of the pathophysiological phenomena of the patient in order to establish their classification and guide their treatment [es

Sonographic evaluation of acute osteomyelitis in infants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hwang, Ji Young; Lee, Sun Wha; Kim, Yoo Kyung

2002-01-01

To analyze the related sonographic findings and to determine the value of sonography in establishing the diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis in infants. The sonographic findings of eleven infants aged 10 days-4 months (mean, 45 days) with acute osteomyelitis were retrospectively evaluated. The involved bones were the femur (n=5), humerus (n=2), tibia (n=2), rib(n=1), sternum (n=1), and calcaneus (n=1). Discontinuity or destruction of cortical margins, echotexture of the metaphysis and epiphysis, the presence of subperiosteal hypoechoic lesion, adjacent soft tissue swelling, distension of the joint capsule, the echotexture of joint effusion, and dislocation or subluxation of the involved joint were evaluated. The sonographic findings were compared with the plain radiographic (n=12) and MR (n=5) findings, with special attention to the identification of the metaphyseal or epiphyseal bony lesions and the involvement of adjacent joints. The sonographic findings of osteomyelitis were cortical discontinuity or destruction (n=12), hypoechoic lesions with an echogenic rim in the metaphysis (n=12), subperiosteal hypoechoic lesions (n=8), soft tissue swelling (n=9), a distended hip joint, with echogenic fluid (n=5), ill-demarcated echogenic lesions in the capital femoral epiphysis (n=5), and a subluxated hip joint (n=3). Plain radiographs revealed well or ill-defined osteolytic lesions in the metaphysis, accompanied by cortical destruction (n=8), new periosteal bone formation (n=3) and reactive sclerosis (n=2). Abnormality of the femoral epiphyses and joint involvement were not detected on plain radiographs, and in four cases no abnormality was noted. MR imaging showed that at T1WI, affected bony lesions were of low signal intensity and enhaned, with high signal intensity at T2WI. In all cases, both metaphyseal and epiphyseal lesions were demonstrated at MRI, but in one of the three cases in which an epiphyseal lesion was seen at MRI, this was not detected at US. Sonography is

Sonographic evaluation of acute osteomyelitis in infants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hwang, Ji Young; Lee, Sun Wha; Kim, Yoo Kyung [College of Medicine, Ewha Womans Univ., Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2002-03-01

To analyze the related sonographic findings and to determine the value of sonography in establishing the diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis in infants. The sonographic findings of eleven infants aged 10 days-4 months (mean, 45 days) with acute osteomyelitis were retrospectively evaluated. The involved bones were the femur (n=5), humerus (n=2), tibia (n=2), rib(n=1), sternum (n=1), and calcaneus (n=1). Discontinuity or destruction of cortical margins, echotexture of the metaphysis and epiphysis, the presence of subperiosteal hypoechoic lesion, adjacent soft tissue swelling, distension of the joint capsule, the echotexture of joint effusion, and dislocation or subluxation of the involved joint were evaluated. The sonographic findings were compared with the plain radiographic (n=12) and MR (n=5) findings, with special attention to the identification of the metaphyseal or epiphyseal bony lesions and the involvement of adjacent joints. The sonographic findings of osteomyelitis were cortical discontinuity or destruction (n=12), hypoechoic lesions with an echogenic rim in the metaphysis (n=12), subperiosteal hypoechoic lesions (n=8), soft tissue swelling (n=9), a distended hip joint, with echogenic fluid (n=5), ill-demarcated echogenic lesions in the capital femoral epiphysis (n=5), and a subluxated hip joint (n=3). Plain radiographs revealed well or ill-defined osteolytic lesions in the metaphysis, accompanied by cortical destruction (n=8), new periosteal bone formation (n=3) and reactive sclerosis (n=2). Abnormality of the femoral epiphyses and joint involvement were not detected on plain radiographs, and in four cases no abnormality was noted. MR imaging showed that at T1WI, affected bony lesions were of low signal intensity and enhaned, with high signal intensity at T2WI. In all cases, both metaphyseal and epiphyseal lesions were demonstrated at MRI, but in one of the three cases in which an epiphyseal lesion was seen at MRI, this was not detected at US. Sonography is

Comparison of sonographic features in benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choi, Won Young; Hong, Hyun Sook; Kang, Eun Young; Seol, Hae Young; Suh, Won Hyuck

1988-01-01

Transrectal sonography of prostate was sensitive to textural changes produced by both benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancers. During recent 4 years, twenty cases of BPH and twenty cases of prostate cancers proven histologically were analyzed in their sonographic features, retrospectively, by using transrectal prostate sonography and suprapubic prostate sonography. The results were as follows: 1. Mean weights of BPH and prostate cancers was 40.4g and 47.6g, respectively. 2. Sonographic features of BPH revealed isoechogenecity in 11 cases, homogeneity in 18 cases, well defined capsular margins in 19 cases, and calcification in 16 cases. 3. Sonographic features of prostate cancers revealed mixed echogenecity in 14 cases, inhomogeneity in 15 cases, poorly defined capsular margin in 14 cases, and calcifications in 13 cases. 4. Authors concluded that prostate sonography were valuable diagnostic modality in the differentiation of BPH and prostate cancers.

Sonographically detected costo-chondral dislocation in an abused child - A new sonographic sign to the radiological spectrum of child abuse

NARCIS (Netherlands)

A.J. Smeets (A.); S.G.F. Robben (Simon); M. Meradji (Morteza)

1990-01-01

textabstractA case of an abused child with fractures of the skull, ribs and long bones is presented. Sonographically a costochondral dislocation of the left lower ribs was detected, which has not been reported in the literature.

Fibroadenomas: Sonographic-pathologic correlation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Mi Sung; Choi, Hye Young; Kim, Eun Ah; Lee, Sun Wha; Sung, Soon Hee

1999-01-01

To correlate sonographic appearance and histopathologic findings of fibroadenomas. Forty-one biopsy-proven fibroadenomas were retrospectively evaluate for sonographic-pathologic correlation. The fibroadenomas were histologically classified into sclerotic, myxoid, glandular and mixed type. The stromal cellularity and fibrosis were also classified into mild and severe. The internal echotexture and posterior acoustic enhancement of mass in ultrasonogram were correlated with histopathologic findings. The pathologic types of fibroadenomas were sclerotic in sixteen, myxoid in thirteen, and glandular or mixed in each of six cases. Most of the sclerotic type showed hypoechoic internal echotexture (68.8%) and myxoid and glandular types showed isoechoic internal echotexture (84.6%, 83.3% respectively). The hypoechoic masses showed 12 cases of mild (75.0%) and 4 cases of severe (25.0%) in cellularity and 3 cases of mild (18.7%) and 13 cases (81.3%) of sever degree in fibrosis. Most of the myxoid type (77%) showed posterior enhancement, and most of the sclerotic type (87.5%) did not show posterior enhancement on ultrasonogram. Posterior enhancement was absent in 22 cases, in which 4 cases (18.2%) showed mild and 18 cases (81.2%) showed severe degree of fibrosis. Sclerotic type with mild cellularity and severe fibrosis on histopathology showed hypoechogenicity on ultrasonogram; whereas myxoid and glandular types were predominantly isoechoic. Most of the myxoid type showed posterior enhancement. Sclerotic type with mild cellularity and severe fibrosis did not show posterior enhancement.

Cardiovascular System Sonographic Evaluation Algorithm: A New Sonographic Algorithm for Evaluation of the Fetal Cardiovascular System in the Second Trimester.

Science.gov (United States)

De León-Luis, Juan; Bravo, Coral; Gámez, Francisco; Ortiz-Quintana, Luis

2015-07-01

To evaluate the reproducibility and feasibility of the new cardiovascular system sonographic evaluation algorithm for studying the extended fetal cardiovascular system, including the portal, thymic, and supra-aortic areas, in the second trimester of pregnancy (19-22 weeks). We performed a cross-sectional study of pregnant women with healthy fetuses (singleton and twin pregnancies) attending our center from March to August 2011. The extended fetal cardiovascular system was evaluated by following the new algorithm, a sequential acquisition of axial views comprising the following (caudal to cranial): I, portal sinus; II, ductus venosus; III, hepatic veins; IV, 4-chamber view; V, left ventricular outflow tract; VI, right ventricular outflow tract; VII, 3-vessel and trachea view; VIII, thy-box; and IX, subclavian arteries. Interobserver agreement on the feasibility and exploration time was estimated in a subgroup of patients. The feasibility and exploration time were determined for the main cohort. Maternal, fetal, and sonographic factors affecting both features were evaluated. Interobserver agreement was excellent for all views except view VIII; the difference in the mean exploration time between observers was 1.5 minutes (95% confidence interval, 0.7-2.1 minutes; P cardiovascular system sonographic evaluation algorithm is a reproducible and feasible approach for exploration of the extended fetal cardiovascular system in a second-trimester scan. It can be used to explore these areas in normal and abnormal conditions and provides an integrated image of extended fetal cardiovascular anatomy. © 2015 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Prosthetic replacement vs space closure for maxillary lateral incisor agenesis: A systematic review.

Science.gov (United States)

Silveira, Giordani Santos; de Almeida, Natália Valli; Pereira, Daniele Masterson Tavares; Mattos, Cláudia Trindade; Mucha, José Nelson

2016-08-01

Defining the best treatment for maxillary lateral incisor agenesis is a challenge. Our aim in this study was to determine, with the evidence available in the literature, the best treatment for maxillary lateral incisor agenesis in the permanent dentition, evaluating the esthetic, occlusal (functional), and periodontal results between prosthetic replacement and orthodontic space closure. Electronic databases (CENTRAL, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and LILACS) were searched in September 2014 and updated in January 2015, with no restriction on language or initial date. A manual search of the reference lists of the potential studies was performed. Risk of bias was assessed by the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. The search identified 2174 articles, of which 1196 were excluded because they were duplicates. Titles and abstracts of 978 articles were accessed, and 957 were excluded. In total, 21 articles were read in full, and 9 case-control studies were included after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted from the articles selected, and a table was compiled for comparison and analysis of the results. There were no randomization and blinding, and the risk of bias evaluation found gaps in compatibility and outcome domains in almost all selected studies. Tooth-supported dental prostheses of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis had worse scores in the periodontal indexes than did orthodontic space closure. Space closure is evaluated better esthetically than prosthetic replacements, and the presence or absence of a Class I relationship of the canines showed no relationship with occlusal function or with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders. Copyright © 2016 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Unilateral Complete Agenesis of Mesonephric Duct Derivatives in an 82-year-Old Male Cadaver: Embryology, Anatomy and Clinical Considerations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David G. Darcy

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Development of urogenital anatomy in the human fetus is the result of a complex interplay between multiple different tissues. The time course of development is well documented and the morphologic outcomes of insults at various time points during development are predictable. We present a cadaveric case of unilateral agenesis of the left kidney, ureter, bladder hemitrigone, ureteric opening, seminal vesicle, vas deferens, and epididymis. Failure of development of the mesonephric duct early during embryogenesis, likely between the third and fifth week, caused ipsilateral urogenital organ agenesis.

Agenesis of the dorsal mesentery presenting in an adolescent

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anith Chacko

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Agenesis of the dorsal mesentery is a rare occurrence that usually presents in children. It is associated with proximal small bowel malrotation as well as high jejunal atresia with discontinuity of the small bowel. We present a case report of an adolescent presenting with clinical features of proximal small bowel obstruction (confirmed on imaging as well as acute pancreatitis. At laparotomy, he was found to have no dorsal mesentery, without small bowel atresia, and the duodenum was fixed to the posterior abdominal wall. The patient recovered well and remained symptom-free.

Multifaces of sonographic findings of galactocele : comparison according to it's association with pregnancy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Mi Suk; Oh, Ki Keun; Kim, Eun Kyung; Lee, Sung Il

2000-01-01

To compare the sonographic findings of galactocele according to it's association with pregnancy. We reviewed the sonographic findings of 21 lesions in 20 patients confirmed by surgery (n=3D15) or fine needle aspiration (n=3D6) as galactoceles. The patients were divided into two groups, according to the period from the most recent pregnancy or lactation. In the first group (n=3D8,mean age=3D28.6 years), this was less than one year and in the second group (n=3D13, mean age=3D45.6 years), was more than one year. In our study, pregnancy-unrelated galactoceles (n=3D13) were more common than pregnancy-related galactoceles (n=3D8). The sonographic findings of galactocele of the first group were as follows; ovoid anechoic cystic mass (n=3D5), cystic mass with fatfluid level (n=3D2), and well defined heterogeneous mass (n=3D1). Those of the second group were as follows; irregularly bordered deeply hypoechoic mass (n=3D3), irregularly bordered hypoechoic mass with internal nodules (n=3D3), homogeneous hypoechoic mass with smooth margin (n=3D4), and lobulated anechoic mass with posterior acoustic enhancement and internal debris (n=3D3). Pregnancy-unrelated galactoceles demonstrated the variable sonographic findings of solid f mass, whereas most of pregnancy-related galactoceles demonstrated the sonographic features of cysts. (author)

Sonographic measurements of ocular biometry of indigenous ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This study was aimed at conducting ophthalmic sonographic examination of Nigerian indigenous dogs to provide baseline information on some major ocular parameters. Healthy eyes of eighty (80) indigenous dogs were used for the study. The dogs were adequately restrained physically and the structure of the ocular ...

Butterfly adrenal gland with maldevelopment of the mesonephric duct: A rare association in an adult patient

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nur Hursoy, MD

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Adrenal gland disorders can be asymptomatic and detected incidentally via imaging techniques such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT, positron emission tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Fusion anomaly is a condition that can be attributed to errors in the developmental process and may be detected via these imaging modalities. We present a case of butterfly adrenal gland in a 61-year-old man with CT and magnetic resonance images. In our patient, this anomaly is also accompanied by unilateral renal agenesis and a diaphragmatic defect. Positron emission tomography-CT, contrast-enhanced CT, and magnetic resonance images are presented. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case in which coexistence of unilateral renal agenesis and butterfly adrenal gland anomaly in an adult patient has been documented. Keywords: Butterfly adrenal gland, Unilateral renal agenesis

The sonographic findings of the scrotal pathology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hong, Hyen Sook; Han, Chun Hee; Lee, Jung Hee; Chung, Kyu Byung; Suh, Won Hyuck

1988-01-01

Clinical differentiation of the various pathological conditions affecting scrotal contents can be difficult. The superficial location of scrotum is suited for sonographic examination. March, 1984 to december, 1987 authors experienced 23 cases of the inflammatory and tumorous condition, which were confirmed by operation and clinical follow up. The results are as follows : 1. Sonographic examination is safe, noninvasive, and useful in screening test of scrotum. 2. Sonography is useful for the confirmation of complicated epididymitis. 3. In palpable mass cases, sonography can differentiate intratesticular and extratesticular lesions. 4. Sonography is useful for detection of primary tumor in clinically uncertain conditions. 5. In epididymitis, sonography shows enlargement and decreased echogenecity of epididymis, reactive hydrocele, and thickening of scrotal wall. 6. In testicular tumor : Seminoma shows hypoechoic solid mass lesion with enlargement. Embryonal cell carcinoma shows ill defined hypoechoic testicular enlargement. Rhabdomyosarcoma shows ill defined hypoechoic mass with central necrosis. Metastatic testicular tumor shows bilaterallity and ill defined abnormal echogenecity, more older age distribution

Modification of a sonographic enthesitis score to differentiate between psoriatic arthritis and young healthy volunteers

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wervers, K. (K.); M. Vis (M.); Rasappu, N. (N.); M. van der Ven (Myrthe); I. Tchetverikov (Ilja); Kok, M. (M.); A.H. Gerards (Andreas); J.M.W. Hazes (Mieke); J.J. Luime (Jolanda)

2017-01-01

textabstractObjectives: We aimed to describe sonographic structural and inflammatory changes in entheses of patients with recently diagnosed psoriatic arthritis (PsA), patients with established PsA, and young healthy volunteers, and to investigate whether the MAdrid Sonographic Enthesitis Index

Sonographic diagnosis of intestinal obstruction in the dog.

Science.gov (United States)

Manczur, F; Vörös, K; Vrabély, T; Wladár, S; Németh, T; Fenyves, B

1998-01-01

Ultrasonography was performed on 44 dogs to decide whether small bowel obstruction was present. The sonographic criteria for small bowel obstruction were (1) the presence of pendulous movement of the ingesta inside the dilated bowel, (2) observation of invaginated intestines or an ingested intraluminal foreign body, (3) observation of non-uniform peristaltic activity of the dilated intestines, or (4) observation of akinetic intestinal loops together with abdominal fluid accumulation. By using these criteria, obstruction was correctly diagnosed by ultrasonography in 11 of the 13 dogs with mechanical ileus, and obstruction was correctly excluded in 29 of the 31 non-obstructive cases. Thus, the above-mentioned sonographic criteria had 85% sensitivity and positive predictive value, and 94% specificity and negative predictive value. The present study suggests that ultrasonography is a valuable tool for diagnosing small intestinal obstruction in the dog.

Sonographic determination of the irradiated pulmonary volume in case of irradiation of the thoracic wall

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wittich, G.; Hohenberg, G.; Seitz, W.; Vienna Univ.

1983-01-01

In order to determine the irradiated pulmonary volume, comparative examinations by sonography and computed tomography were made in ten patients submitted to postoperative radiotherapy for mammary carcinoma. The physical and anatomical conditions of sonographic volumetry are discussed. In all cases irradiated with tangential contralateral fields, the irradiated pulmonary volume was less than 200 ccm (118 ccm on an average). The sonographic results did not differ essentially from those of computed tomography, so that the sonographic examination can be offered as a simple and sufficient precise method of documentation within the frame of an individual therapy planning. (orig.) [de

Cystic periventricular leukomalacia in the neonate: analysis of sequential sonographic findings and neurologic outcomes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Young Seok; Yoo, Dong Soo [Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan (Korea, Republic of)

2003-07-01

To analyse the sequential sonographic findings of cystic PVL and to evaluate relationship between sonographic grading of PVL and patterns of neurologic outcomes. Authors have retrospectively analysed the sequential sonographic findings of 36 cases of PVL in the preterm neonates. Initial sonographic features done within 3 days of life were divided into 3 patients such as normal, localized, and diffuse hyperechogenic flare. Grading of PVL confirmed by follow-up studies was classified as involvement of one lobe (grade 1), two lobes (grade 2) and more than extent of grade 2 (grade 3). The relationship between sonographic grading of leukomalacia and later neurologic outcomes were also analysed. Initial sonographic patterns according to grading of PVL were normal pattern in seven of nine (77.8%) of grade 1, diffuse hyperechogenic flares in five of eight cases of grade 2 and in 13 of 16 cases of grade 3. There was a significant difference between the grades and frequency of pattern of diffuse hyperechoic flare (p=0.021). Average detection timing of cystic PVL was 38.4{+-}18.9 days in grade 1, 29.8{+-}14 days in grade 2, and 19.1{+-}5.6 days in grade 3 with a significant statistical difference between the detection time and grades (p=0.037). Cerebral palsy has occurred in 62.5% of grade 1 and 100% of grade 2 and grade 3 (p=0.043). Frequency of spastic quadriplegia was higher in grade 3 (76.5%) than in grade 1 (25%) and grade 2 (12.5%) (p=0.001). Most of grade 1 cystic PVL revealed normal pattern of white matter echogenicity in initial ultrasonography and needed follow up examination over one month period. Spastic quadriplegia occured mainly in patients with grade 3 cystic PVL.

Cystic periventricular leukomalacia in the neonate: analysis of sequential sonographic findings and neurologic outcomes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Young Seok; Yoo, Dong Soo

2003-01-01

To analyse the sequential sonographic findings of cystic PVL and to evaluate relationship between sonographic grading of PVL and patterns of neurologic outcomes. Authors have retrospectively analysed the sequential sonographic findings of 36 cases of PVL in the preterm neonates. Initial sonographic features done within 3 days of life were divided into 3 patients such as normal, localized, and diffuse hyperechogenic flare. Grading of PVL confirmed by follow-up studies was classified as involvement of one lobe (grade 1), two lobes (grade 2) and more than extent of grade 2 (grade 3). The relationship between sonographic grading of leukomalacia and later neurologic outcomes were also analysed. Initial sonographic patterns according to grading of PVL were normal pattern in seven of nine (77.8%) of grade 1, diffuse hyperechogenic flares in five of eight cases of grade 2 and in 13 of 16 cases of grade 3. There was a significant difference between the grades and frequency of pattern of diffuse hyperechoic flare (p=0.021). Average detection timing of cystic PVL was 38.4±18.9 days in grade 1, 29.8±14 days in grade 2, and 19.1±5.6 days in grade 3 with a significant statistical difference between the detection time and grades (p=0.037). Cerebral palsy has occurred in 62.5% of grade 1 and 100% of grade 2 and grade 3 (p=0.043). Frequency of spastic quadriplegia was higher in grade 3 (76.5%) than in grade 1 (25%) and grade 2 (12.5%) (p=0.001). Most of grade 1 cystic PVL revealed normal pattern of white matter echogenicity in initial ultrasonography and needed follow up examination over one month period. Spastic quadriplegia occured mainly in patients with grade 3 cystic PVL

Double line sign: a helpful sonographic sign to detect occult fractures of the proximal humerus

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rutten, Matthieu J.C.M.; Jager, Gerrit J. [Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Department of Radiology, Hertogenbosch (Netherlands); Waal malefijt, Maarten C. de [University Medical Center Nijmegen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nijmegen (Netherlands); Blickman, Johan G. [University Medical Center Nijmegen, Department of Radiology, Nijmegen (Netherlands)

2007-03-15

The aim of this study was to describe a new sonographic sign of bone fracture and to determine if it can be helpful in decreasing the number of missed fractures of the proximal humerus. Ultrasound (US) of the shoulder was performed in 57 consecutive patients with shoulder pain and/or disability following trauma. All cases were prospectively reviewed for the presence of a humeral fracture. Sonographic signs of fractures, with special emphasis on what was termed the 'double line sign' (DLS), were assessed. Plain radiography was considered the standard of reference and in equivocal cases magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Twenty-eight patients had a tuberosity complex fracture, which were all detected at US examination. Sonographic features of a fracture were periosteal elevation, corticol bone discontinuity, step-off deformity or a combination of these findings. This study showed that in 26 (93%) patients an additional sonographic feature, a DLS, could be demonstrated. The DLS is a helpful and probably reliable sonographic sign to indicate a humeral fracture. High-spatial-resolution US substantially increases the detection of fractures of the proximal humerus and should be considered as an alternative diagnostic tool prior to computed tomography (CT), MRI and arthroscopy in patients with persisting shoulder pain and/or disability following trauma. (orig.)

Double line sign: a helpful sonographic sign to detect occult fractures of the proximal humerus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rutten, Matthieu J.C.M.; Jager, Gerrit J.; Waal malefijt, Maarten C. de; Blickman, Johan G.

2007-01-01

The aim of this study was to describe a new sonographic sign of bone fracture and to determine if it can be helpful in decreasing the number of missed fractures of the proximal humerus. Ultrasound (US) of the shoulder was performed in 57 consecutive patients with shoulder pain and/or disability following trauma. All cases were prospectively reviewed for the presence of a humeral fracture. Sonographic signs of fractures, with special emphasis on what was termed the 'double line sign' (DLS), were assessed. Plain radiography was considered the standard of reference and in equivocal cases magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Twenty-eight patients had a tuberosity complex fracture, which were all detected at US examination. Sonographic features of a fracture were periosteal elevation, corticol bone discontinuity, step-off deformity or a combination of these findings. This study showed that in 26 (93%) patients an additional sonographic feature, a DLS, could be demonstrated. The DLS is a helpful and probably reliable sonographic sign to indicate a humeral fracture. High-spatial-resolution US substantially increases the detection of fractures of the proximal humerus and should be considered as an alternative diagnostic tool prior to computed tomography (CT), MRI and arthroscopy in patients with persisting shoulder pain and/or disability following trauma. (orig.)

Therapeutic effectiveness and safety parathyroid adenoma ablation with percutaneous ethanol injection under sonographic guidance in patients with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism refractory to medical treatment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De Nubila, Eduardo; Vega, Jose; Garcia Luz; Murillo, Marlyn; Mercado, Jaime

2010-01-01

Secondary hyperparathyroidism unresponsive to medical treatment is a common complication in patients with chronic renal failure and prolonged dialysis therapy, which requires surgery of the parathyroid glands, with the risks and costs of surgery. Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of ablation of parathyroid adenomas by percutaneous ethanol injection under ultrasound guidance. Method: After approval by the institutional medical ethics committee, informed written consent was obtained in 15 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Sonographically guided ethanol was injected consecutively into adenomas, with an interval of time less than six months. Results: Size, Doppler vascularity of adenomas, and the levels of parathyroid hormone, calcium and phosphorus were measured before and after ablation as criteria for treatment response in 15 patients. Of all patients, six (40%) had no therapeutic response. Therapeutic response was observed in nine patients (60%). In the latter group, five patients (33.3%) had successful response and symptomatic improvement, in two patients (13.3%), therapeutic response was suboptimal, and in two patients (13.3%), the response was unsatisfactory. The procedure was safe. Local pain, transient dysphonia and cough were considered minor complications and were the most common, with resolution in all cases. There were no major complications. Conclusion: Ablation of parathyroid adenomas with percutaneous ethanol injection and ultrasound guidance, in uremic patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism unresponsive to medical treatment is an effective and safe therapy. Studies involving more patients and longer follow up are needed in order to stablish more conclusive results

Deep venous thrombosis and agenesis of the intrahepatic segment of inferior vena cava

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Velasco, J.; Fernandez, M.M.; Manzanares, R.; Hernando, A.

1997-01-01

We present a case of agenesis of the intrahepatic segment of inferior vena cava (IVC) with drainage through the azygos and hemiazygos systems. The presenting sign was deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in both lower extremities. The different imaging studies led to the diagnosis of both the congenital and acquired venous abnormalities, which are discussed. (Author) 14 refs

Validation of a Novel 3-Dimensional Sonographic Method for Assessing Gastric Accommodation in Healthy Adults

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Buisman, Wijnand J; van Herwaarden-Lindeboom, MYA; Mauritz, Femke A; El Ouamari, Mourad; Hausken, Trygve; Olafsdottir, Edda J; van der Zee, David C; Gilja, Odd Helge

OBJECTIVES: A novel automated 3-dimensional (3D) sonographic method has been developed for measuring gastric volumes. This study aimed to validate and assess the reliability of this novel 3D sonographic method compared to the reference standard in 3D gastric sonography: freehand magneto-based 3D

Sirenomelia (Mermaid syndrome in an infant of a diabetic mother

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Davari Tanha F

2003-05-01

Full Text Available Caudal regression syndrome (Caudal dysplasia sequence is a rare congenital malformation. It has a spectrum ranging from simple anal atresia to the absence of sacral, lumbar and possibly lower thoracic vertebrae and the most severe form called sirenomelia (Mermaid syndrome. Sirenomelia has a sole characteristic, which is the limbs fusion, with multiple internal structural abnormalities particularly in the renal tract (bilateral renal agenesis. This is a rare condition with a relative risk of 200-250 in diabetic pregnancies. The etiology of this syndrome is not well known. Maternal diabetes in considered to be other possible factors. We present birth of an infant with great congenital defect, which was categorized as the most intense form of caudal regression syndrome (sirenomelia. The baby was born from an uncontrolled diabetic mother who was ignorant of her diabetes. She had a sonographic report at early third-trimester of pregnancy, which had shown severe oligohydramnios and according to this reason the anomaly of the fetus was not detected at that time (antenatal. Since sirenomelia is a lethal abnormality, the infant died a few hours after birth. As notes above caudal regression syndrome is strongly associated with maternal diabetes; due to metabolic derangement in uncontrolled serum glucose.

Sonographic evaluation of recurrent parotitis in childhood

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chun, Eun Ju; Lee, Sun Wha

2000-01-01

To evaluate the sonographic features and assess the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in recurrent parotitis during childhood which is characterized by intermittent, unilateral or bilateral painful swellings of the parotid glands. Ten children (5 boys and 5 girls, age between 2-14 yrs), who complained for more than two times of painful swellings in the parotid gland without underlying systemic diseases, were studied by a high resolution with 7MHz linear transducer. The parotid glands (n=20) were evaluated in their size, parenchymal echogenecity and vascular signals on the color Doppler study. CT was also performed at 3 children and sialography was used on 1 child. Follow-ups on ultrasonography were performed on 5 children from 3 months to 2 years since the initial sonographic examination. Ultrasonography demonstrated abnormalities in the 13 parotid glands, enlarged diffusion (n=9); decrease in diffusion of parenchymal echoes with multiple small round hypoechoic lesions measuring about 1-4 mm in diameter (n=13); increased color Doppler vascular signals (n=10). There was symptomatic glands (n=12) and an asymptomatic gland (n=1). CT revealed multiple tiny low density lesions scattered about in the inhomogenously enhanced parotid glands. Sialography showed minimal sialectasis of the peripheral ducts. Follow-ups on sonogreaphy demonstrated near complete subsidence of enlargement, increased Doppler vascular signals, and persistence of multiple small hypoechoic lesions of the parotid glands in 6 cases who were clinically free of symptoms. In 1 case, multiple hypoechoic lesions were newly developed in the previously healthy parotid gland. The sonography features of features of recurrent parotitis in childhood were decreased diffusion of the parenchymal echoes with multiple small round hypoechoic areas and increased Doppler flow signals. We consider the sonographic evaluation of the parotid gland with the color Doppler study to be useful in diagnosing and monitoring the

Hashimoto thyroiditis: Part 1, sonographic analysis of the nodular form of Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Science.gov (United States)

Anderson, Lauren; Middleton, William D; Teefey, Sharlene A; Reading, Carl C; Langer, Jill E; Desser, Terry; Szabunio, Margaret M; Hildebolt, Charles F; Mandel, Susan J; Cronan, John J

2010-07-01

The purpose of this article is to analyze the sonographic appearance of nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis. As part of an ongoing multiinstitutional study, patients who underwent ultrasound examination and fine-needle aspiration of one or more thyroid nodules were analyzed for multiple predetermined sonographic features. Patients completed a questionnaire, including information about thyroid function and thyroid medication. Patients (n = 61) with fine-needle aspiration cytologic results consistent with nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis (n = 64) were included in the study. The mean (+/- SD) diameter of nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis was 15 +/- 7.33 mm. Nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis occurred as a solitary nodule in 36% (23/64) of cases and in the setting of five or more nodules in 23% (15/64) of cases. Fifty-five percent (35/64) of the cases of nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis occurred within a sonographic background of diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis, and 45% (29/64) of cases occurred within normal thyroid parenchyma. The sonographic appearance was extremely variable. It was most commonly solid (69% [42/61] of cases) and hypoechoic (47% [27/58] of cases). Twenty percent (13/64) of nodules had calcifications (seven with nonspecific bright reflectors, four with macrocalcifications, and three eggshell), and 5% (3/64) of nodules had colloid. Twenty-seven percent (17/64) of nodules had a hypoechoic halo. The margins were well defined in 60% (36/60) and ill defined in 40% (24/60) of nodules. On Doppler analysis, 35% (22/62) of nodules were hypervascular, 42% (26/62) were isovascular or hypovascular, and 23% (14/62) were avascular. The sonographic features and vascularity of nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis were extremely variable.

Learning and memory in individuals with agenesis of the corpus callosum

OpenAIRE

Paul, Lynn K.; Erickson, Roger L.; Hartman, Jo Ann; Brown, Warren S.

2016-01-01

Damage to long white matter pathways in the cerebral cortex is known to affect memory capacity. However, the specific contribution of interhemispheric connectivity in memory functioning is only beginning to become understood. The present study examined verbal and visual memory processing in individuals with agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) using the Wechsler Memory Scale-Third Edition (WMS-III; Wechsler, 1997b). Thirty participants with AgCC (FSIQ >78) were compared against 30 healthy a...

Breast abscess after nipple piercing: sonographic findings with clinical correlation.

Science.gov (United States)

Leibman, A Jill; Misra, Monika; Castaldi, Maria

2011-09-01

The purpose of this series was to review the spectrum of clinical and sonographic features associated with infection after nipple piercing. Between 2002 and 2010, 6 patients presented to our breast center with a breast abscess after nipple piercing. A retrospective analysis of the imaging findings was performed with clinical and pathologic correlation. Patients with breast infections after nipple piercing tend to be young, and the timing since piercing varies from 2 weeks to 17 months. Sonography showed a complex or hypoechoic mass in 5 of 6 patients. Treatment of breast abscesses included surgical incision and drainage, percutaneous drainage, and antibiotic therapy. Surgical evacuation is commonly performed; however, sonographically guided aspiration may be an appropriate management strategy.

Abdominal ultrasound referred by the Emergency department – Can sonographer findings help guide timely patient management?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schneider, Michal; Bloesch, Justin; Lombardo, Paul

2014-01-01

Objective: To compare sonographer findings with radiologists' reports regarding the level of agreement, ability to answer the clinical question, and the use of hedging (descriptive words that do not commit to a definitive diagnosis) in abdominal ultrasound cases referred by the Emergency department. Other criteria compared included caveats of image quality and requests for further investigations. Methods: Abdominal ultrasound examinations referred by the Emergency department at a large regional tertiary hospital were retrospectively reviewed and sonographer findings compared with radiologists' reports. A consultant Intensivist scored all examinations into one of four categories according to the level of diagnostic agreement between the sonographer and associated radiologists. The same rater also identified where hedging terminology was used, whether the clinical question posed was answered and when further requests for investigations (including imaging) were made. The proportion of scores between sonographers and radiologists for each outcome variable were analysed using Fisher Exact tests. Results: Eighty-six cases were identified for this study. Of those, 73 (84.9%) were in complete agreement. In 12 cases (14.0%) a minor discrepancy was reported and only one case (1.1%) was scored as moderately discrepant between sonographers findings and radiologists' reports. There were no significant differences in the use of hedging, ability to answer the clinical question, requests for further investigations or interpretation of image quality. Conclusion: Sonographer findings for cases of abdominal ultrasound referred by the Emergency department have a high level of agreement with radiologists' reports and could form the basis for acute patient care when radiologists' reports are unavailable

Sonographic diagnosis of gallbladder cancer: analysis of mis-diagnosed cases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Ji Hyun; Moon, Jung Mi; Ahn, Sang Won; Song, Ik Hoon

1993-01-01

Ultrasonography is the most valuable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of gallbladder (GB) diseases. Although sonographic findings in GB cancer have been well described, the diagnostic accuracy has not been clearly analyzed. Our purpose of this report was to discuss diagnostic difficulties and analyze causes of misdiagnosis of GB cancer based on our recent experience and so may result in more accurate diagnosis of GB cancer. We analyzed 13misdiagnosed cases out of 24 cases of GB cancer with special emphasis on diagnostic difficulties and causes of misidagnosis. The most common type of misdiagnosed GB cancer was thickened wall type which was found in 10 cases. Preoperative sonographic diagnosis of these cases was empyema in 4 cases, cholecystitis in 3, and non-specific GB wall thickening in 1. In 2 cases, any lesion could not be detected at ultrasonography. Two cases with intraluminal type of GB cancer were misdiagnosed ; one being misdiagnosed as cholecystitis with stone, and the other being completely missed. Three cases that were completely missed consist of 2 with focal wall thickening and 1 involving GB neck. In conclusion, sonographic diagnosis of GB cancer is difficult, because the wall thickening type, that mimicks the cholecystitis, is frequent. Thorough and careful investigation of GB is mandatory for eliminating misdiagnosis

Sonographic findings in Gouty Nephropathy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Mi Young; Jeon, Woo Ki; Kim, Ho Kyun; Kim, Yong Soo; Han, Chang Yul; Kim, Young Tong; Han, Sung Tag; Lee, Yoon Woo

1994-01-01

Ultrasound(US) findings of hyperechoic renal medulla in gouty nephropathy were compared with clinical features such as serum uric acid level to evaluate its usefulness in determination of the treatment and prognosis. A retrospective review of US of 36 cases of qouty arthritis was classified into four groups according to the medullary echogenicity (O :normal, grade I: renal medulla as isoechoic as renal cortex, grade II; heterogeneous increased echogenicity of renal medulla than that of renal cortex, grade III: the echogenicity of all renal medulla higher than that of renal cortex with renal contour deformity) which were compared with the serum urate level and associated conditions. Nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis were analyzed through the KUB and the RGB. The degree of hyperechoic renal medulla was related to the level of serum uric acid, and in group IV, six cases of obstructive uropathy (nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis) showed deformed renal contour. Associated conditions such as hypertension, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus and drug abuse were distributed in relation to the degree of hyperechoic renal medullas. US findings of hyperechoic renal mebulla was related with uric acid level in gouty nephropathy and thus could be valuable for treatment decision and prediction of prognosis

Sonographic findings in Gouty Nephropathy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Mi Young; Jeon, Woo Ki; Kim, Ho Kyun; Kim, Yong Soo; Han, Chang Yul; Kim, Young Tong; Han, Sung Tag; Lee, Yoon Woo [Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1994-09-15

Ultrasound(US) findings of hyperechoic renal medulla in gouty nephropathy were compared with clinical features such as serum uric acid level to evaluate its usefulness in determination of the treatment and prognosis. A retrospective review of US of 36 cases of qouty arthritis was classified into four groups according to the medullary echogenicity (O :normal, grade I: renal medulla as isoechoic as renal cortex, grade II; heterogeneous increased echogenicity of renal medulla than that of renal cortex, grade III: the echogenicity of all renal medulla higher than that of renal cortex with renal contour deformity) which were compared with the serum urate level and associated conditions. Nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis were analyzed through the KUB and the RGB. The degree of hyperechoic renal medulla was related to the level of serum uric acid, and in group IV, six cases of obstructive uropathy (nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis) showed deformed renal contour. Associated conditions such as hypertension, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus and drug abuse were distributed in relation to the degree of hyperechoic renal medullas. US findings of hyperechoic renal mebulla was related with uric acid level in gouty nephropathy and thus could be valuable for treatment decision and prediction of prognosis.

Herlyn–Werner–Wunderlich syndrome presenting with infertility: Role of MRI in diagnosis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmad, Zohra; Goyal, Ankur; Das, Chandan J; Deka, Dipika; Sharma, Raju

2013-01-01

Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWWS), characterized by uterus didelphys, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis, is an uncommon combined Mullerian and mesonephric duct anomaly, and its presentation in adulthood is even rarer. We report here a 22-year-old female presenting with primary infertility where magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested the diagnosis of HWWS with endometriosis. In a patient of infertility with endometriosis and unilateral renal agenesis, diagnosis of HWWS should be suspected and MRI is the investigation of choice for such anomalies

Doppler sonographic renal resistance index and resistance index ratio in children and adolescents with unilateral hydronephrosis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brkljacic, Boris [Department of Radiology, University Hospital ' ' Dubrava' ' , Av. G. Suska 6, 10000 Zagreb (Croatia); Kuzmic, Andrea Cvitkovic; Dmitrovic, Romana [Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Children' s Hospital, Klaiceva 16, 10000 Zagreb (Croatia); Rados, Marko [Department of Radiology, University Hospital Center, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb (Croatia); Vidjak, Vinko [Department of Radiology, University Hospital ' ' Merkur' ' , Zajceva 19, 10000 Zagreb (Croatia)

2002-11-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate Doppler renal resistance index (RI) and RI ratio (RIR) in differentiating between obstructive and nonobstructive hydronephrosis in children and adolescents. The RI and RIR were measured in 32 healthy examinees (control group) and 29 patients with unilateral hydronephrosis. Ten patients had acute obstruction caused by a ureteric stone. Seven had obstructive hydronephrosis due to uretero-pelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction. Twelve patients had nonobstructive hydronephrosis. In controls the mean RI{+-}S.D. was 0.615{+-}0.04, and RIR 1.045{+-}0.033. In children with acute obstruction RI was 0.692{+-}0.035 and RIR 1.148{+-}0.037. In UPJ obstruction RI was 0.631{+-}0.054 and RIR 1.059{+-}0.047. In nonobstructive dilatation RI was 0.61{+-}0.038 and RIR 1.043{+-}0.042. The RI and RIR differences were statistically significant between controls and patients with acute colic (p<0.01), and between patients with acute obstruction and with nonobstructive hydronephrosis (p<0.01). In detecting acute obstruction RI{>=}0.70 was found to have a 70% sensitivity and a 92% specificity. The RIR{>=}1.10 was found optimal to distinguish obstructive from nonobstructive dilatation (sensitivity 90%, specificity 83%). Both RI and RIR are significantly elevated in patients with acute obstruction. Renal Doppler seems to be useful in children and adolescents for the detection of acute renal obstruction, although it cannot differentiate chronic obstruction due to the UPJ obstruction and nonobstructive renal collecting system dilatation. (orig.)

Doppler sonographic renal resistance index and resistance index ratio in children and adolescents with unilateral hydronephrosis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brkljacic, Boris; Kuzmic, Andrea Cvitkovic; Dmitrovic, Romana; Rados, Marko; Vidjak, Vinko

2002-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate Doppler renal resistance index (RI) and RI ratio (RIR) in differentiating between obstructive and nonobstructive hydronephrosis in children and adolescents. The RI and RIR were measured in 32 healthy examinees (control group) and 29 patients with unilateral hydronephrosis. Ten patients had acute obstruction caused by a ureteric stone. Seven had obstructive hydronephrosis due to uretero-pelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction. Twelve patients had nonobstructive hydronephrosis. In controls the mean RI±S.D. was 0.615±0.04, and RIR 1.045±0.033. In children with acute obstruction RI was 0.692±0.035 and RIR 1.148±0.037. In UPJ obstruction RI was 0.631±0.054 and RIR 1.059±0.047. In nonobstructive dilatation RI was 0.61±0.038 and RIR 1.043±0.042. The RI and RIR differences were statistically significant between controls and patients with acute colic (p<0.01), and between patients with acute obstruction and with nonobstructive hydronephrosis (p<0.01). In detecting acute obstruction RI≥0.70 was found to have a 70% sensitivity and a 92% specificity. The RIR≥1.10 was found optimal to distinguish obstructive from nonobstructive dilatation (sensitivity 90%, specificity 83%). Both RI and RIR are significantly elevated in patients with acute obstruction. Renal Doppler seems to be useful in children and adolescents for the detection of acute renal obstruction, although it cannot differentiate chronic obstruction due to the UPJ obstruction and nonobstructive renal collecting system dilatation. (orig.)

Mammographic and sonographic spectrum of non-puerperal mastitis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

M.H. Lequin (Maarten); J. van Spengler (J.); R. van Pel; C.H.J. van Eijck (Casper); H. van Overhagen (H.)

1995-01-01

textabstractThe goal of this study was to explore possible specific mammographic and sonographic features in women with non-puerperal mastitis (NPM), in order to make an accurate diagnosis and prevent unnecessary surgical procedures. From a group of 93 patients with NPM diagnosed between 1987 and

Intraindividual right-left comparison of sonographic features in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Köninger, Angela; Koch, Laura; Edimiris, Philippos; Nießen, Stefanie; Kasimir-Bauer, Sabine; Kimmig, Rainer; Strowitzki, Thomas; Schmidt, Börge

2014-10-01

Sonographic features of polycystic ovaries consist of elevated antral follicle count or ovarian volume of at least one ovary. The aim of this prospective cross-sectional study was to estimate intraindividual differences in sonographic measurements between the both ovaries of PCOS patients and controls and clinical consequences. Both ovaries of 85 PCOS patients and 48 controls were scanned transvaginally and agreement of sonographic measurements was analyzed using the Bland-Altman method. Concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) were computed. Mean differences between right and left ovaries were 0.24 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: -0.32-0.80) follicles for AFC and 1.14 (95% CI: 0.34-1.92)ml for OV in the whole study population, 0.14 (95% CI: -0.68-0.96) follicles for AFC and 1.48 (95% CI: 0.39-2.58)ml for OV in PCOS patients, 0.42 (95% CI: -0.19-1.02) follicles for AFC and 0.53 (95% CI: -0.50-1.56)ml for OV in controls. Rather wide limits of agreement and low CCCs (ovaries for both sonographic measurements. Width between lower and upper limits of agreement was higher for PCOS patients than for controls. 23.5% of the PCOS patients showed polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) only in one ovary, resulting in 9.4% potentially missed PCOS diagnosis according to the Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Substantial differences in antral follicle count and ovarian volume between the right and left ovary were observed. In approximately 10% of the PCOS patients in our study only the examination of both ovaries has led to a reliable diagnosis of PCOS. In clinical practice it is recommended to scan both ovaries for a reliable diagnosis of abnormal sonographic findings in PCOM and PCOS diagnosis. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Comparative analysis of maximum renal longitudinal length with positional changes on ultrasound with multiplanar reconstructed MR image in Korea Adults

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jang, Yun Hee; Cho, Bum Sang; Kang, Min Ho; Kang, Woo Young; Lee, Jisun; Kim, Yook; Lee, Soo Hyun; Lee, Soo Jung; Lee, Jin Yong

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine a suitable position in which the measured length on ultrasound is close to the true renal length obtained through a multiplanar reconstructed MR image. A total of 33 individuals (males: 15, females: 18) without any underlying renal disease were included in the present study. Renal length was measured as the longest axis at the level of the renal hilum in three positions-supine, lateral decubitus, and prone, respectively. With a 3.0 T MR scanner, 3D eTHRIVE was acquired. Subsequently, the maximum longitudinal length of both the kidneys was measured through multiplanar reconstructed MR images. Paired t-test was used to compare the renal length obtained from ultrasonographic measurement with the length obtained through multiplanar reconstructed MR images. Our study demonstrated significant difference between sonographic renal length in three positions and renal length through MRI (p < 0.001). However, the longest longitudinal length of right kidney among the measured three values by ultrasound was statistically similar to the renal length measured by reconstructed MR image. Among them, the lateral decubitus position showed the strongest correlation with true renal length (right: 0.887; left: 0.849). We recommend measurement of the maximum renal longitudinal length in all possible positions on ultrasonography. If not allowed, the best measurement is on the lateral decubitus showing the strongest correlation coefficient with true renal length

Comparative analysis of maximum renal longitudinal length with positional changes on ultrasound with multiplanar reconstructed MR image in Korea Adults

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jang, Yun Hee; Cho, Bum Sang; Kang, Min Ho; Kang, Woo Young; Lee, Jisun; Kim, Yook; Lee, Soo Hyun; Lee, Soo Jung [Dept. of Radiology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Jin Yong [Public Health Medical Service, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2016-07-15

The purpose of this study was to determine a suitable position in which the measured length on ultrasound is close to the true renal length obtained through a multiplanar reconstructed MR image. A total of 33 individuals (males: 15, females: 18) without any underlying renal disease were included in the present study. Renal length was measured as the longest axis at the level of the renal hilum in three positions-supine, lateral decubitus, and prone, respectively. With a 3.0 T MR scanner, 3D eTHRIVE was acquired. Subsequently, the maximum longitudinal length of both the kidneys was measured through multiplanar reconstructed MR images. Paired t-test was used to compare the renal length obtained from ultrasonographic measurement with the length obtained through multiplanar reconstructed MR images. Our study demonstrated significant difference between sonographic renal length in three positions and renal length through MRI (p < 0.001). However, the longest longitudinal length of right kidney among the measured three values by ultrasound was statistically similar to the renal length measured by reconstructed MR image. Among them, the lateral decubitus position showed the strongest correlation with true renal length (right: 0.887; left: 0.849). We recommend measurement of the maximum renal longitudinal length in all possible positions on ultrasonography. If not allowed, the best measurement is on the lateral decubitus showing the strongest correlation coefficient with true renal length.

Sonographic evaluation of the chest in children

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reither, M.

1983-02-01

Although limited by osseous structures and gas the sonographic evaluation of the chest may be useful for certain conditions. Illustrated by three cases - supradiaphragmatic and parasternal tumor, subpulmonic effusion, and pleural effusion combined with a mediastinal tumor - the indications for ultrasound studies in children are discussed. In many cases the ultrasound may be helpful considering the diagnostic procedure and therapeutic consequences.

Novel PAX9 gene polymorphisms and mutations and susceptibility to tooth agenesis in the Czech population

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Hloušková, A.; Bonczek, Ondřej; Izakovičová Hollá, L.; Lochman, J.; Šoukalová, J.; Štembírek, Jan; Míšek, Ivan; Černochová, P.; Krejčí, P.; Vaněk, J.; Šerý, Omar

2015-01-01

Roč. 36, č. 5 (2015), s. 101-106 ISSN 0172-780X R&D Projects: GA MZd(CZ) NT11420 Institutional support: RVO:67985904 Keywords : odontogenesis * tooth agenesis * PAX9 gene Subject RIV: FF - HEENT, Dentistry Impact factor: 0.946, year: 2015

Sonographic and Endoscopic Findings in Cocaine-Induced Ischemic Colitis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Leth, Thomas; Wilkens, Rune; Bonderup, Ole Kristian

2015-01-01

Cocaine-induced ischemic colitis is a recognized entity. The diagnosis is based on clinical and endoscopic findings. However, diagnostic imaging is helpful in the evaluation of abdominal symptoms and prior studies have suggested specific sonographic findings in ischemic colitis. We report...

Sonographic Determination of Spleen to Left Kidney Ratio among ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Background: Clinical determination of mild splenomegaly is notoriously inaccurate. Objectives: To determine sonographically the spleen to left kidney ratio according to age and somatometric parameters among school age children in a tropical environment. Methods: A cross sectional study and convenience sampling were ...

Sonographic differentiation of pneumobilia from intrahepatic stone: U.F.O. sign

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Han, Sang Suk; Kim, S. S.; Kwon, D. Y.; Kim, C. D.; Cha, S. S.; Jeon, J. R.; Jung, D. H.

1990-01-01

Pneumobilia is one of the most troublesome problem in the sonographic examination of the hepatobiliary system, and the differentiation of air from intrahepatic stone is very important. We have analyzed the sonographic characteristics of 42 cases of pneumobilia dn 56 cases of intrahepatic stones over a period of 4 years. New findings of pneumobilia we observed were U.F.O. sign, wing like artefact, and nonvisualization of the lumen of the bile filled duct. Findings of pneumobilia only were U.F.O. sign, nng down and wing like artefact. Findings of stone only were ecdhogenic foci larger than 1.5cm, heterogeneous echo, wedge, shell, or sandwich like contour, and visible lumen of the bile duct

Prenatal Diagnosis of Bilateral Pulmonary Agenesis: a Case Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Kyung A; Cho, Jeong Yeon; Lee, Seung Mi; Jun, Jong Kwan; Kang, Ji Eun; Seo, Jeong Wook [Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2010-02-15

We report a case of bilateral pulmonary agenesis (BPA), which was suspected during a prenatal US examination and diagnosed by fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). BPA is an extremely rare congenital anomaly and, although many fetal structural defects can be detected with a high degree of confidence after introducing high-resolution US, the prenatal diagnosis of BPA remains problematic. Other thoracic abnormalities, such as a congenital diaphragmatic hernia, congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, and pulmonary sequestration, should be excluded from the list of possible diagnoses before coming to the conclusion of BPA, because BPA is absolutely incompatible with extrauterine life, and an accurate internal diagnosis can prevent a futile intervention from being performed.

Sonographic appearances of juvenile fibroadenoma of the breast.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Suk Jung; Park, Young Mi; Jung, Soo Jin; Lee, Kwang Hwi; Kim, Ok Hwa; Ryu, Ji Hwa; Choi, Gi Bok; Lee, Sun Joo; Choo, Hye Jung; Jeong, Hae Woong

2014-11-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate characteristic features of juvenile fibroadenoma of the breast on sonography. Our study included 34 juvenile fibroadenomas confirmed by surgical biopsy or sonographically guided 8-gauge vacuum-assisted biopsy in 23 patients (age range, 15-47 years; mean age, 25 years). Sonographic findings of the lesions were analyzed retrospectively by 2 radiologists in consensus according to the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon. The BI-RADS final assessment category was also established. On sonography, all fibroadenomas presented as masses. The mean size was 30 mm. Regarding shape, there were 29 oval, 2 round, and 3 irregular masses. The margins were circumscribed in 24, indistinct in 5, microlobulated in 4, and angular in 1. Regarding echogenicity, 16 masses were hypoechoic, 16 isoechoic, and 2 complex echoic. Posterior acoustic characteristics included posterior acoustic enhancement in 22 masses (65%), posterior shadowing in 1, and no posterior acoustic features in 9; this information was not available in 2. The lesion boundary presented as an abrupt interface in 32 and an echogenic halo in 2. The orientation was parallel in 32 and nonparallel in 2. Calcifications were present in 3 cases and absent in 31. On color Doppler sonography, the masses were usually hypervascular with vessel counts of 5 or more (87%). The BI-RADS final assessment categories were 3 in 24 and 4a in 10. The dominant sonographic presentation of juvenile fibroadenoma is a circumscribed oval hypoechoic or isoechoic mass, which resembles that of simple fibroadenoma. Juvenile fibroadenomas frequently show posterior acoustic enhancement and hypervascularity on color Doppler sonography. © 2014 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Occupational burnout among radiographers, sonographers and radiologists in Australia and New Zealand: Findings from a national survey.

Science.gov (United States)

Singh, Nabita; Knight, Kellie; Wright, Caroline; Baird, Marilyn; Akroyd, Duane; Adams, Robert D; Schneider, Michal E

2017-06-01

Evidence demonstrates that health care professionals are more prone to burnout than other professionals due to the emotionally taxing interactions they have with their patients on a daily basis. The aims of this study were to measure occupational burnout levels among sonographers, radiographers and radiologists and to examine predictors of burnout according to demographic characteristics. A cross-sectional online survey was administered in 2010 to radiographers, sonographers and radiologists who were members of the following professional bodies: Australian Institute of Radiography, Australian Sonographers Association and The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to measure burnout levels for each profession. Data were analysed using SPSS Ver 20 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA) statistical software. A total of 613 radiographers, 121 sonographers and 35 radiologists participated in the survey. Radiographers, sonographers and radiologists had a high mean (±SD) burnout score for emotional exhaustion (39.9 ± 8.5, 42.2 ± 8.5 and 44.9 ± 7.1 respectively) and depersonalization (18.9 ± 5.5, 20.3 ± 5.8 and 20.6 ± 5.6) compared to MBI norms. Radiographers also had low personal achievement (30.8 ± 5.5) compared to MBI norms. Radiographers and sonographers who were male, worked >10 hours overtime and spent <10% of their time training students per week had significantly higher depersonalization scores (p < 0.05). Burnout levels among radiographers, sonographers and radiologists are high and likely to vary according to some demographic and work-related factors. Further research is needed to examine ways to alleviate burnout in these professions so that loss of experienced staff due to burnout can be minimized and quality of patient care can be maintained. © 2016 The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists.

Sonographic Findings of Paratesticular Tumors - Report of Three Cases

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Sun Mi; Kim, Sung Tae; Choi, Moon Hwan; Koh, Byung Hee; Rhim, Hyun Chul; Cho, On Koo; Hahm, Chang Kok [Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1995-06-15

Paratesticular tumors are tumors that arise from the spermatic cord, epididymis, and scrotal tunics. The malignant, rate of paratesticular tumor is lower than that of testicular tumor. We report three paratesticulartumors (one lipo sarcoma, one mesothelioma, one leiomyoma) with special emphasis on sonographic findings

Sonographic findings of thyroid cancer initially assessed as no suspicious malignancy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Do Youn; Kang, Seok Seon; Ji, Eun Kyung; Kwon, Tae Hee; Park, Hae Lin; Shim, Jeong Yun

2008-01-01

To review the retrospective imaging findings of thyroid cancer initially assessed as no suspicious malignancy. Of 338 nodules confirmed to be thyroid cancer, this study included 38 patients with 39 nodules assessed as no suspicious malignancy on initial sonography. (mean age:39 years, 36 females and 2 males). We evaluated sonographic findings by shape, margin, echogenecity, calcification, cystic degeneration and peripheral hypoechoic rim retrospectively. We analyzed whether sonographic findings were different according to the size (standard:1 cm). The most frequent sonographic findings were avoid to round shape 90%, well-defined smooth margin 64%, hypoechogenecity 54%, no calcification 92%, no cystic degeneration 77% and peripheral hypoechoic rim 56%. Suspicious malignancy findings were taller than wide shape 10%, well-defined spiculated margin 36%, markedly hypoechogenecity 10% and microcalcifications 8%. Isoechogenecity, cystic degeneration and peripheral hypoechoic rim were common in 1 cm more than nodules. Well-defined spiculated margin was common in 1 cm less than nodules. In retrospective, 56% showed no suspicious malignancy finding. Although nodules assessed as no suspicious malignancy on initial US had many retrospectively suspicious malignancy findings, still many nodules showed no suspicious malignancy finding. Suspicious findings were ignored due to equivocal finding in small size, isoechogenecity, cystic degeneration or peripheral hypoechoic rim. We need careful observation

Nonsyndromic tooth agenesis patterns and associated developmental dental anomalies: a literature review with radiographic illustrations.

Science.gov (United States)

Agarwal, P; Vinuth, D P; Dube, G; Dube, P

2013-01-01

Tooth agenesis is one of the most intriguing phenomena, because it is frequently associated with other oral anomalies, structural variations and malformations of other teeth, late eruption, transposition and crowding. The diagnosis can be quite challenging as radiographic examination is critical for the diagnosis but not always possible and the late developing teeth may be sometimes scored developmentally missing. Accurate diagnosis therefore requires radiographic, clinical, and dental cast examinations. It is an important clinical and public health problem. Patients with missing permanent teeth may suffer from a reduced chewing ability, inarticulate pronunciation, and an unfavorable aesthetic appearance. Clinically, early diagnosis of a dental anomaly can alert the clinician to the possible development of other associated dental anomalies in the same patient or family, and avoid the possible sequelae. Understanding of tooth agenesis patterns and their impact on diagnosis, prevention, and eventually therapeutics are becoming integral parts of comprehensive dental care. Dental examination with radiographic screening of hypodontia in early childhood should be emphasized as part of public oral health policy to allow early diagnosis and timely intervention.

Sonographic Evaluation of the Splenic Length in Normal Pregnancy ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Methods: A prospective descriptive cross sectional study of the sonographic measurements of the splenic length was performed on 150 healthy normal pregnant women correlating this with the body mass index, gestational age and parity. Data were analyzed using software SPSS version 15 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).

Sonographic findings of hepatobiliary fascioliasis accompanied by extrahepatic expansion and ectopic lesions.

Science.gov (United States)

Teke, Memik; Önder, Hakan; Çiçek, Mutalip; Hamidi, Cihad; Göya, Cemil; Çetinçakmak, Mehmet Güli; Hattapoğlu, Salih; Ülger, Burak Veli

2014-12-01

The aim of the study was to describe the sonographic findings of hepatobiliary fascioliasis with extrahepatic expansion and ectopic lesions. The study included 45 patients with fascioliasis. All diagnoses were confirmed via serologic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Sonographic findings in the hepatobiliary system, extrahepatic expansion, and ectopic lesions were defined. The most common hepatic lesions were subcapsular localized, small, confluent, multiple hypoechoic nodules with poorly defined borders. We also detected ectopic lesion in 5 patients (11.1%) and live parasites in the gallbladder and bile duct in 11 (24.4%). The large spectrum of entities in the differential diagnosis of hepatobiliary fascioliasis may lead to misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment. However, the diagnosis can be made when the characteristic sonographic features are seen, such as heterogeneity of the liver with multiple poorly defined hypoechoic-isoechoic lesions and multiple echogenic nonshadowing particles in the gallbladder or common bile ducts. Nonetheless, the differential diagnosis of fascioliasis versus other hepatic lesions may still be difficult. In these situations, pathologic confirmation should be performed to exclude the possibility of malignancy. © 2013 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Successful radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia in a patient with dextrocardia due to unilateral pulmonary agenesis: a case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aksu T

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Tolga Aksu, Tumer Erdem Guler, Ebru Golcuk, Ismail Erden, Kazim Serhan Ozcan Department of Cardiology, Kocaeli Derince Education and Research Hospital, Derince, Kocaeli, Turkey Abstract: Radiofrequency catheter ablation of the slow pathway is considered to be the treatment of choice for patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. We report a 34-year-old female with mirror image dextrocardia due to unilateral pulmonary agenesis who underwent successful slow pathway ablation for typical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. Using contrast injection, cardiac anatomy was identified in a short time and successfully ablated. Keywords: dextrocardia, AVNRT, ablation, pulmonary agenesis

Prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies: a comparison between maxillary and mandibular tooth agenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Abdallah, Mariam; AlHadidi, Abeer; Hammad, Mohammad; Al-Ahmad, Hazem; Saleh, Raja'

2015-11-01

The aim of this study was to compare the pattern and prevalence of associated dental anomalies between maxillary and mandibular tooth agenesis (hypodontia). A sample of 3315 dental patients, aged 8.6 to 25.4 years, was surveyed for tooth agenesis (excluding third molars): 106 subjects were diagnosed with maxillary hypodontia (group 1) and 70 with mandibular hypodontia (group 2). Both groups were examined for the following dental anomalies: retained deciduous molars, infraocclusion of deciduous molars, impaction, microdontia of maxillary lateral incisors, supernumerary teeth, transposition, transmigration, and ectopic eruption of the permanent molars. For statistical testing, the chi-square test (P anomalies among the groups. We found that 77.5% of the patients in the mandibular hypodontia group had at least 1 dental anomaly compared with 49.5% in the maxillary hypodontia group (P dental anomaly with a significantly increased prevalence in the maxillary hypodontia group compared with the mandibular hypodontia group was microdontia of the maxillary lateral incisors (groups 1, 46.7%; group 2, 12.9%; P dental development in both jaws. Copyright © 2015 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Tooth agenesis in patients referred to an Irish tertiary care clinic for the developmental dental disorders.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Hashem, Atef A

2010-01-01

PURPOSE: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence, severity and pattern of hypodontia in Irish patients referred to a tertiary care clinic for developmental dental disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Details of 168 patients with hypodontia referred during the period 2002-2006 were entered in a database designed as a national record. Tooth charting was completed using clinical and radiographic examinations. The age of patients ranged from 7-50 years, with a median age of 20 years (Mean: 21.79; SD: 8.005). RESULTS: Hypodontia referrals constituted 65.5% of the total referrals. Females were more commonly affected than males with a ratio of 1.3:1. The number of referrals reflected the population density in this area; the majority were referrals from the public dental service. Mandibular second premolars were the most commonly missing teeth, followed by maxillary second premolars and maxillary lateral incisors; maxillary central incisors were the least affected. Symmetry of tooth agenesis between the right and left sides was an evident feature. Slightly more teeth were missing on the left side (n = 725) than on the right side (n = 706) and in the maxillary arch (n = 768) as compared to the mandibular arch (n = 663). Some 54% of patients had severe hypodontia with more than six teeth missing; 32% had moderate hypodontia, with four to six teeth missing. The most common pattern of tooth agenesis was four missing teeth. CONCLUSION: Hypodontia was a common presentation in a population referred to this tertiary care clinic. The pattern and distribution of tooth agenesis in Irish patients appears to follow the patterns reported in the literature.

A novel approach to patient self-monitoring of sonographic examinations using a head-mounted display.

Science.gov (United States)

Inoue, Masaharu; Kihara, Kazunori; Yoshida, Soichiro; Ito, Masaya; Takeshita, Hideki; Ishioka, Junichiro; Matsuoka, Yoh; Numao, Noboru; Saito, Kazutaka; Fujii, Yasuhisa

2015-01-01

Patients' use of a head-mounted display during their sonographic examinations could provide them with information about their diseases in real time and might help improve "patient-centered care." We conducted this prospective study to evaluate the feasibility of a modern head-mounted display for patient self-monitoring of sonographic examinations. In November and December 2013, 58 patients were enrolled. Patients wore a head-mounted display (HMZ-T2; Sony Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) during their sonographic examinations and watched their own images in real time. After the sonographic examinations, the patients completed a questionnaire, in which they evaluated the utility of the head-mounted display, their understanding of their diseases, their satisfaction with using the head-mounted display, and any adverse events. Until November 26, 2013, patients' names were requested on the questionnaire; after that date, the questionnaire was changed to be anonymous. Of the 58 patients, 56 (97%) elected to participate in this study. The head-mounted display was reported to have good image quality by 42 patients (75%) and good wearability by 39 (70%). Thirty-six patients (64%) reported they had deepened their understanding of their diseases. There were no major complications, and only 2 patients (4%) had mild eye fatigue. There was no significant association between questionnaire results and patient characteristics. None of the questionnaire results changed significantly after the questionnaire was made anonymous. The use of a modern head-mounted display by patients during sonographic examinations provided good image quality with acceptable wearability. It could deepen their understanding of their diseases and help develop patient-centered care. © 2015 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Sonographic detection of portal venous gas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Wang Yul; Lee, S. K.; Cho, O. K.

1989-01-01

Portal venous gas suggests underlying bowel disease such as strangulating intestinal obstruction and its demonstration carries with it an important implications with respect to patient management. Radiography has been the gold standard for the detection of portal venous gas. We have experienced two cases of portal venous gas diagnosed by ultrasound. Sonographic findings were floating echoes in the main portal vein and highly echogenic linear or patchy echoes within the hepatic parenchyma. Simple abdominal films of those cases failed to demonstrate gas in the portal venous system

Evaluation of critical thinking application in medical ultrasound practice among sonographers in south-eastern Nigeria

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Agwu, K.K.; Ogbu, S.O.I.; Okpara, E.

2007-01-01

Purpose: To investigate the application of critical thinking (CT) in medical ultrasound by sonographers in south-eastern Nigeria as a measure of the quality of practice. Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire based on six elements of CT was distributed to 82 sonographers selected through a simple random sampling. The questionnaire investigated the application of the elements of interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation and self-regulation involved in CT by medical sonographers. The data for each respondent were categorized into age, experience and the elements of CT. Statistical analyses were done using mean and Spearman's Rank correlation. Results: The overall mean score of the practitioners on all the elements of CT application was 8.65 ± 6.76 against a total of 60. The application of CT did not show any correlation with age or clinical experience using Spearman's Rank correlation (r = -0.017; p > 0.05 and r = -0.086; p > 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: The results show that there is poor application of CT by medical sonographers in the locality which may impact negatively on the outcome of this diagnostic process. Increase in the number of formal training programmes in sonography and inclusion of CT skills in the curriculum are recommended

18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography for Primary Thyroid Cancer: Correlation with the Clinical, Pathologic and Sonographic Findings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Kyung Eun; Kim, Eun Kyung; Moon, Hee Jung; Kwak, Jin Young

2011-01-01

We wanted to investigate the incidence and the clinicopathologic and sonographic characteristics of thyroid cancers that exhibit positive PET scans. From January 2007 to February 2008, 156 patients with thyroid cancer underwent both sonography and FDG-PET for the purpose of staging the cancer. We conducted a retrospective review of their clinical, radiologic and pathologic records and we evaluated the incidence of PET-positive thyroid cancer, as well as the associated clinicopathologic aggressiveness and the sonographic features. The incidence of PET-positive thyroid carcinoma was 78.2% (122/156). On univariate analysis, PET-positive thyroid cancer was significantly associated with tumor size, extracapsular invasion and central lymph node metastasis, but there was no association between the sonographic features of the thyroid cancer or the sonographic features of the 2 groups of tumor (1. probably benign and 2. suspicious for malignancy) and the FDG uptake. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between PET positivity and both extrathyroidal extension and a higher cancer stage (III/IV) (p < 0.05). The incidence of PET positive thyroid carcinoma is high (78.2%) and PET positivity is significantly associated with tumor size, extracapsular extension and a higher stage. However, there is no significant association between PET positivity and the sonographic features of thyroid carcinoma

Can sonographers offer an accurate upper abdominal ultrasound service in a district general hospital?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dongola, N.A.; Guy, R.L.; Giles, J.A.; Ward, S.

2003-01-01

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the accuracy of upper abdominal ultrasound (US) scanning performed by sonographers in a district general hospital, to identify potential areas of weakness and to make recommendations to improve the service. Materials and methods: Upper abdominal US examinations performed and reported by sonographers over a 4-week period were retrospectively reviewed. The accuracy of the imaging findings and reports were assessed against other imaging, surgical, histological or laboratory findings and against clinical outcome. Results: A heterogenous group of 104 patients were included in the study, 62 of whom had an US abnormality. Errors of scanning or interpretation were identified in 10 patients (9.6%) of whom five (4.8%) were felt to be potentially significant. Conclusions: The sonographers' accuracy in reporting upper abdominal US scans was 90%. However, on the basis of this study we have implemented specific recommendations to improve the quality of the service

Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among sonographers in China: results from a national web-based survey.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Danying; Huang, Hanlin

2017-11-25

The aims of present study were to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) among sonographers in China and to provide evidence for appropriate intervention measures to be taken. A self-reported questionnaire was used to screen WRMSDs experienced by sonographers during the past 12 months. This questionnaire survey was created and hosted on the WeChat official account platform for sonographers. In the present study, 567 sonographers from 521 medical institutions completed the questionnaire. The vast majority (99.3%) of respondents reported experiencing symptoms of WRMSDs for at least one body region during the past 12 months. Work-related musculoskeletal pain or discomfort was most frequently reported for the neck (95.1%), right shoulder (84.1%), lower back (82.4%), right wrist/hand (81.0%), upper back (78.1%), right forearm/elbow (72.0%), and left shoulder (66.1%). Scanning hours per day, number of patients per day, and years of experience were positively associated with the occurrence and frequency of experiencing WRMSDs of some common and specific anatomical regions. Taking a regular rest break during the scanning working day was associated with a reduction of WRMSDs of the right shoulder and right wrist/hand. Adopting a sitting posture while performing scanning was associated with a reduction of WRMSDs, particularly for the lower back and the neck. Performing regular physical activity during leisure time was associated with a reduction of WRMSDs of the neck. The prevalence of WRMSDs among sonographers in China was extremely high. It is necessary and essential to reduce the number of scanning hours and patients per day, adopt a sitting posture while performing scanning, schedule regular rest breaks during the scanning working day, and encourage performance of regular physical activity during leisure time to alleviate this WRMSD issue experienced by sonographers.

Intra and interobserver variability of renal allograft ultrasound volume and resistive index measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mancini, Marcello; Liuzzi, Raffaele; Daniele, Stefania; Raffio, Teresa; Salvatore, Marco; Sabbatini, Massimo; Cianciaruso, Bruno; Ferrara, Liberato Aldo

2005-01-01

Purpose: Aim of the presents study was to evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of the Doppler Resistive Index (R.I.) and the Ultrasound renal volume measurement in renal transplants. Materials and methods: Twenty -six consecutive patients (18 men, 8 women) mean age of 42,8±12,4 years (M±SD)(range 22-65 years) were studied twice by each of two trained sonographers using a color Doppler ultrasound scanner. Twelve of them had a normal allograft function (defined as stable serum creatinine levels ≤123,76 μmol/L), whilst the remaining 14 had decreased allograft function (serum creatinine 132.6-265.2 μmol/L). Results were given as mean of 6 measurements performed at upper, middle and lower pole of the kidney. Intra- and interobserver variability was assessed by the repeatability coefficient and coefficient of variation (CV). Results: Regarding Resistive Index measurement, repeatability coefficient was between 0.04 and 0.06 and the coefficient of variation was [it

A case of congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mo B

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Bi Mo,1 Vishnu Garla,2 Lawrence M Wyner1 1Department of Surgery, 2Department of Internal Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA Background: Congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens occurs in 0.5%–1.0% of males. It has been associated with various genitourinary abnormalities, including renal agenesis. We report a case of congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens found incidentally during vasectomy in a patient with known unilateral renal agenesis. Case presentation: A 24-year-old male presented to our urology clinic requesting vasectomy. His past history was significant for left renal agenesis. Following successful right vasectomy, several attempts to locate the left vas deferens were unsuccessful. We diagnosed congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens. Follow-up semen analysis showed azoospermia. Conclusion: As vasectomies are increasingly performed in outpatient settings, it is imperative that physicians be aware of this condition, which can be recognized by a simple physical exam. Recognition could prevent unnecessary surgery and prompt providers to investigate for associated abnormalities. Keywords: vas deferens, embryology, abnormalities, surgery

Sonographic Examination of The Fetus Vis-à-Vis Shoulder Dystocia: A Vexing Promise.

Science.gov (United States)

Doty, Morgen S; Al-Hafez, Leen; Chauhan, Suneet P

2016-12-01

Since antepartum and intrapartum risk factors are poor at identifying women whose labor is complicated by shoulder dystocia, sonographic examination of the fetus holds promise. Though there are several measurements of biometric parameters to identify the parturient who will have shoulder dystocia, none are currently clinically useful. Three national guidelines confirm that sonographic measurements do not serve as appropriate diagnostic tests to identify women who will have shoulder dystocia with or without concurrent injury. In summary, biometric measurements of the fetus should not be used to alter clinical management with the aim of averting shoulder dystocia.

Sonographic demonstration of a gallstone ileus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Uebel, H.E.; Wilhelm, F.

1987-01-01

A woman of 60 years of age with acute abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation and radiological signs of small bowel obstruction was subjected to sonographic examination. Careful examination of the entire abdomen demonstrated a hyperechoic object within the distended terminal ileum with an intensive acoustic shadow. The gallbladder was not visible. This strongly suggested gallstone ileus, especially since the patient had a history of gallbladder disease. She was treated immediately by enterotomy and extraction of a noncalcified obstructing stone. The value of ultrasound in detecting gallstones causing small bowel obstruction is discussed. (orig.) [de

Sonographic demonstration of a gallstone ileus

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uebel, H.E.; Wilhelm, F.

1987-04-01

A woman of 60 years of age with acute abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation and radiological signs of small bowel obstruction was subjected to sonographic examination. Careful examination of the entire abdomen demonstrated a hyperechoic object within the distended terminal ileum with an intensive acoustic shadow. The gallbladder was not visible. This strongly suggested gallstone ileus, especially since the patient had a history of gallbladder disease. She was treated immediately by enterotomy and extraction of a noncalcified obstructing stone. The value of ultrasound in detecting gallstones causing small bowel obstruction is discussed.

Sonographic features of neonatal mastitis and breast abscess.

Science.gov (United States)

Borders, Heather; Mychaliska, George; Gebarski, K Stiennon

2009-09-01

Neonatal mastitis and neonatal breast abscess are uncommon. Although well described in the pediatric and surgical literature, there is a paucity of reports describing their sonographic features. To describe and illustrate the sonographic features of neonatal mastitis and neonatal breast abscess. We reviewed the medical database of a large children's health-care center from 2000 through 2008 for patients presenting in the first 8 weeks of life with mastitis. The findings were correlated with clinical presentation and course, laboratory findings and clinical outcome. Four neonates (three girls and one boy) presented with mastitis. They all had prominent breast buds on the affected side with poorly defined margins, slightly more echogenic focally or diffusely compared to normal with hyperemia on color flow Doppler US. The surrounding subcutaneous tissue was thick and echogenic. Two abscesses presented as avascular areas without color flow on Doppler US, subtly increased through-transmission and surrounding hyperemia. One abscess was of increased echogenicity while the other was anechoic. Neonatal mastitis and breast abscess are unusual diseases that should be appropriately treated with antibiotics and drainage to avoid generalized sepsis, breast hypoplasia, and scarring. US is useful in distinguishing mastitis from breast abscess and guiding treatment options.

Renal transplantation: Sonography and Doppler assessment of transplanted kidneys in adult Sudanese patients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Moawia Gameraddin

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Background Every year, thirty-five thousand patients receive renal transplants worldwide. Kidney transplant provides better quality of life and reduced morbidity. Doppler and sonography were the best imaging modalities for evaluation. Aims To assess the sonographic findings of renal allograft and to determine the correlation between Doppler resistive index and size of allograft and echogenicity. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Khartoum State from January to August 2016. A total of 86 patients with known transplanted kidneys were scanned with ultrasound using 3MHz and 5MHz transducers. The age was categorized into four groups and so the Doppler indices. Descriptive statistics used to analyse quantitative and qualitative variables (percent and means ± SD. Spearman's rho test was used to find the correlation between RI of renal vessels and allograft size. The Qui-square test was used to find an association between RI and echogenicity of the graft. Results Renal transplantation was common at the age of 20 to 50 years. The mean Doppler index of the renal artery was 0.68±0.11 in renal allografts. Renal transplantation was common in professionals and homemakers (30.2 per cent and 20.93 per cent respectively. Hypertension and diabetes were the most common causes (44.1 per cent and 18.6 per cent. A significant correlation was found between RI and allograft size (p-value=0.012. There was no statistical association between RI and echogenicity of allograft (pvalue=0.106. Conclusion The Doppler resistive index is significantly correlated with allograft size and had no association with echogenicity. Patients with enlarged allograft had raised resistive indices. The study recommended that Duplex ultrasound should be used in the initial assessment and follow-up of renal transplant.

Caudal Regression Syndrome with Partial Agenesis of the Corpus callosum and Partial Lobar Holoprosencephaly

Science.gov (United States)

Hashami, Hilal Al; Bataclan, Maria F; Mathew, Mariam; Krishnan, Lalitha

2010-01-01

Caudal regression syndrome is a rare fetal condition of diabetic pregnancy. Although the exact mechanism is not known, hyperglycaemia during embryogenesis seems to act as a teratogen. Independently, caudal regression syndrome (CRS), agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) and partial lobar holoprosencephaly (HPE) have been reported in infants of diabetic mothers. To our knowledge, a combination of all these three conditions has not been reported so far. PMID:21509087

Sonographic appearance of thyroid cancer in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Science.gov (United States)

Durfee, Sara M; Benson, Carol B; Arthaud, Dylan M; Alexander, Erik K; Frates, Mary C

2015-04-01

To determine whether the sonographic appearance of thyroid cancer differs in patients with and without Hashimoto thyroiditis. Patients with histologically proven thyroid cancer who had thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies measured and sonography performed preoperatively were included. We evaluated each nodule for size, echogenicity, composition, margins, halo, and vascularity and evaluated the background heterogeneity of the gland. There were 162 thyroid cancers in 145 patients. Forty-two patients (29.0%) had Hashimoto thyroiditis with positive TPO antibodies, and 103 patients (71.0%) had negative TPO antibodies. The background echogenicity was more often heterogeneous in TPO antibody-positive patients compared to those who had negative TPO antibodies (57.1% versus 26.2%; P= .0005). Comparing cancers in TPO antibody-positive to TPO antibody-negative patients, there was no significant difference in the size, echogenicity, composition, margins, halo presence, calcification presence and type, or vascularity of the cancerous nodule (P > .05). Among TPO antibody-positive patients, comparing thyroid cancerous nodules in patients with heterogeneous glands to those with homogeneous glands, there was no significant difference in any sonographic characteristic except the margin of the nodule, which was more often irregular or poorly defined in heterogeneous glands and more often smooth in homogeneous glands (Pthyroid cancer are similar in patients with and without Hashimoto thyroiditis. Among patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis and thyroid cancer, the sonographic appearance of the cancerous nodule is similar, except that cancerous nodule margins are more likely to be irregular or poorly defined when the gland is heterogeneous. © 2015 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Value of imaging studies after a first febrile urinary tract infection in young children: data from Italian renal infection study 1.

Science.gov (United States)

Montini, Giovanni; Zucchetta, Pietro; Tomasi, Lisanna; Talenti, Enrico; Rigamonti, Waifro; Picco, Giorgio; Ballan, Alberto; Zucchini, Andrea; Serra, Laura; Canella, Vanna; Gheno, Marta; Venturoli, Andrea; Ranieri, Marco; Caddia, Valeria; Carasi, Carla; Dall'amico, Roberto; Hewitt, Ian

2009-02-01

We examined the diagnostic accuracy of routine imaging studies (ultrasonography and micturating cystography) for predicting long-term parenchymal renal damage after a first febrile urinary tract infection. This study addressed the secondary objective of a prospective trial evaluating different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of acute pyelonephritis. Data for 300 children urinary tracts were mostly normal. The acute technetium-99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid scans showed pyelonephritis in 54% of cases. Renal scarring developed in 15% of cases. The ultrasonographic and cystographic findings were poor predictors of long-term damage, showing minor sonographic abnormalities for 12 and reflux for 23 of the 45 children who subsequently developed scarring. The benefit of performing ultrasonography and scintigraphy in the acute phase or cystourethrography is minimal. Our findings support (1) technetium-99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy 6 months after infection to detect scarring that may be related to long-term hypertension, proteinuria, and renal function impairment (although the degree of scarring was generally minor and did not impair renal function) and (2) continued surveillance to identify recurrent urinary tract infections that may warrant further investigation.

Sonographic swelling of pronator quadratus muscle in patients with occult bone injury

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sato, Junko; Ishii, Yoshinori; Noguchi, Hideo; Toyabe, Shin-ichi

2015-01-01

The disarranged fat stripe of the pronator quadratus muscle (PQ) on radiographs (the PQ sign) is reported to be predictive of subtle bone fractures. This study aimed to report the results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study in the patients in whom bone injury was not radiographically detected around the wrist joint, and the PQ was sonographically swollen following acute trauma. We evaluated sonographically the PQ of 55 patients who showed normal radiographs following acute trauma. The sonographic appearance of the PQ was checked on both longitudinal and transverse images. On the longitudinal image, the probe was positioned along the flexor carpi radialis tendon. For the transverse image, we adopted the image of the same level in which the PQ of the unaffected hand showed maximal thickness. The PQ was considered to be swollen with disproportionate hyperechogenicity and/or thickening compared with the unaffected side at least in one of the two images. Of the 55 patients, 25 patients whose PQ was considered to be swollen underwent MRI study. PQ thickness in millimeters was retrospectively measured on longitudinal and transverse sonographic images. Twenty-three patients (92.0%) had occult bone injury, and two adult patients (8.0%) showed only wrist joint effusion on MRI. Among these 23, the distal radius was the most frequent location of the occult bone injury (20 patients; 9 [36.0%] with an occult fracture line and 11 [44.0%] with bone bruising). In longitudinal image, the mean value of the PQ thickness of affected hands was 6.2 (3.7–9.6 mm; standard deviation [SD], 1.5) and that of unaffected hands was 4.5 (2.3–6.7 mm; SD, 1.2), respectively. In transverse image, that of dominant and nondominant hands was 7.6 (4.6–13.2 mm; SD, 2.0) and 5.5 (3.6–7.5 mm; SD, 1.1), respectively. The mean difference in PQ thickness between affected and unaffected hands was 1.7 (0.1–5.0 mm; SD, 1.1) in longitudinal image and 2.0 (0.3–6.8 mm; SD, 1.7) in transverse image

Reliability of sonographic assessment of tendinopathy in tennis elbow.

Science.gov (United States)

Poltawski, Leon; Ali, Syed; Jayaram, Vijay; Watson, Tim

2012-01-01

To assess the reliability and compute the minimum detectable change using sonographic scales to quantify the extent of pathology and hyperaemia in the common extensor tendon in people with tennis elbow. The lateral elbows of 19 people with tennis elbow were assessed sonographically twice, 1-2 weeks apart. Greyscale and power Doppler images were recorded for subsequent rating of abnormalities. Tendon thickening, hypoechogenicity, fibrillar disruption and calcification were each rated on four-point scales, and scores were summed to provide an overall rating of structural abnormality; hyperaemia was scored on a five point scale. Inter-rater reliability was established using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to compare scores assigned independently to the same set of images by a radiologist and a physiotherapist with training in musculoskeletal imaging. Test-retest reliability was assessed by comparing scores assigned by the physiotherapist to images recorded at the two sessions. The minimum detectable change (MDC) was calculated from the test-retest reliability data. ICC values for inter-rater reliability ranged from 0.35 (95% CI: 0.05, 0.60) for fibrillar disruption to 0.77 (0.55, 0.88) for overall greyscale score, and 0.89 (0.79, 0.95) for hyperaemia. Test-retest reliability ranged from 0.70 (0.48, 0.84) for tendon thickening to 0.82 (0.66, 0.90) for overall greyscale score and 0.86 (0.73, 0.93) for calcification. The MDC for the greyscale total score was 2.0/12 and for the hyperaemia score was 1.1/5. The sonographic scoring system used in this study may be used reliably to quantify tendon abnormalities and change over time. A relatively inexperienced imager can conduct the assessment and use the rating scales reliably.

Agenesis of the posterior arch of the atlas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Torriani Martin

2002-01-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To illustrate the radiological findings and review the current literature concerning a rare congenital abnormality of the posterior arch of the atlas. CASE REPORT: An adult female without neurological symptoms presented with an absent posterior arch of the atlas, examined with plain films and helical computerized tomography. Complete agenesis of the posterior arch of the atlas is a rare entity that can be easily identified by means of plain films. Although it is generally asymptomatic, atlantoaxial instability and neurological deficits may occur because of structural instability. Computerized tomography provides a means of assessing the extent of this abnormality and can help evaluate the integrity of neural structures. Although considered to be rare entities, defects of the posterior arch of the atlas may be discovered as incidental asymptomatic findings in routine cervical radiographs. Familiarity with this abnormality may aid medical professionals in the correct management of these cases.

Value of sonographic examination and differential diagnosis in cysts of the female breast

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kleedorfer, D; Pflanzer, D; Pflanzer, K; Kiprov, S; Fochem, K

1982-08-01

Echography of the breast was performed in 100 women in whom palpation had prompted suspicion of the presence of a cyst. Examination was done with a real-time scanner with a 2.5 or 5 Mhz freely mobile soundhead. Cysts were detected in 56 women by this sonographic method. Approximately 9% of these were complicated cysts requiring surgical treatment. Although sonography facilitates identification of single or of multiple cysts, it will be necessary to perform pneumocystography and X-ray film examination in two projections on first examination in order to exclude complicated cysts, since mere sonographic control after puncture of the cysts is too inaccurate for identifying complicated cysts.

Uterus didelphys with partial vaginal septum and distal vaginal agenesis: an unusual anomaly

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Singhal, S.R.; Lakra, P.; Bishnoi, P.; Rohilla, S.; Dahiya, P.

2013-01-01

Complex malformations of female genital tract are not so common. Their correct identification is of paramount importance for appropriate management. A thorough knowledge of embryology, pre-operative imaging with MRI and examination under anaesthesia is essential to identify accurately the constellation of anomalies and to plan appropriate management. This case reports the coexistence of Mullerian abnormality with vaginal agenesis in an 18 years old girl which was managed by dissecting the lower half of vagina and pull-through vaginoplasty. (author)

Evaluation of clinical and sonographic features in 55 children with tularemia.

Science.gov (United States)

Oz, Fatma; Eksioglu, Ayse; Tanır, Gonul; Bayhan, Gulsum; Metin, Özge; Teke, Turkan Aydın

2014-08-01

The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics and sonographic features of lymphadenopathy (LAP) and to evaluate the treatment modalities and treatment outcomes in children with tularemia. Demographic characteristics, ultrasonographic and physical examination findings, and treatment outcomes in 55 tularemia patients (24 male and 31 female) with a mean age of 10.8 ± 4.0 years were analyzed retrospectively. Lymph node necrosis was classified in three stages based on ultrasound findings-stage 1, cortical microabscesses; stage 2, cortical and medullar abscesses; stage 3, total necrosis of the lymph node. In total, 50 (90%) of the patients had oropharyngeal, four (8%) had glandular, and one (2%) had oculoglandular tularemia. The most common symptoms were sore throat (67%) and fever (64%). LAP was the most frequently (100%) observed sign. Abscess formation was noted in 36 (65%) patients, of which seven (19%) were sonographically classified as stage 1, 20 (55%) as stage 2, and nine (26%) as stage 3. There was a statistically significant correlation between delayed treatment and stage of abscess formation in lymph nodes (p0.05). In all, nine (16%) of the patients did not respond to medical treatment, and surgical intervention was required. Tularemia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children presenting with unexplained fever, sore throat, and cervical LAP in endemic areas. Sonographic findings may be useful in the evaluation and staging of this infection.

Intraperitoneal fluid collection after laparoscopic appendectomy. Sonographic analysis in asymptomatic patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Sales, J P; Adrien, C; Blery, M; Gayral, F

1995-07-01

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the frequency of postoperative fluid collection after laparoscopic appendectomy in patients with normal postoperative development. Twenty-eight patients were included. The surgical technique, histological data, and postoperative development during the first postoperative month were recorded. A sonographic analysis was performed on the 5th postoperative day by a radiologist who was not aware of the histological and surgical data. Ten cases of fluid collection were found (37%). The frequency was higher in cases of suppurated appendicitis and significantly higher with associated periappendicitis. Peritoneal irrigation or retrocecal dissection did not influence the occurrence of fluid collection. Postoperative serous fluid collection occurs with a high frequency after laparoscopic appendectomies, and one must be careful in interpreting sonographic analyses in looking for deep abscesses in patients with difficult postoperative development.

Sigmoid stenosis caused by diverticulitis vs. carcinoma: usefulness of sonographic features for their differentiation in the emergency setting.

Science.gov (United States)

Ripollés, Tomás; Martínez-Pérez, María Jesús; Gómez Valencia, Diana Patricia; Vizuete, José; Martín, Gregorio

2015-10-01

To retrospectively evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound as a diagnostic method for differentiating acute diverticulitis from colon cancer in patients with sigmoid colon stenosis. Ultrasound examinations of 91 consecutive patients with sigmoid stenosis (50 diverticulitis and 41 colon cancers) were reviewed by two trained radiologists. Sixty-five (71%) patients presented with acute abdominal symptoms. Thirteen sonographic criteria retrieved from the literature were evaluated to differentiate benign from malignant strictures. A score including all parameters which showed significant differences between benign vs. malignant was built. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive or negative predictive values of each sonographic sign, the overall diagnosis, and sonographic score were calculated. Loss of the bowel wall stratification was the most reliable criteria for the diagnosis of malignancy (92% and 94% of sensitivity and specificity, respectively), and the best inter-radiologist agreement (κ = 0.848). Adjacent lymph nodes were the most specific feature (98%) for colon cancer, but its sensitivity was low. Global assessment could differentiate both diseases with high sensitivity (92-94.9%) and specificity (98-100%). Sonographic score >3 enabled differentiation of carcinoma from diverticulitis with 95% sensitivity and 92-94% specificity, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.98-0.987. There were no significant differences in the results between patients with acute and nonacute abdominal symptoms. The combination of several morphological sonographic findings using a score can differentiate most cases of diverticulitis from colon carcinoma in sigmoid strictures.

Agenesis of mandibular second premolar in patient with dental bimaxillary protrusion

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Alberto Estevanell Tavares

Full Text Available ABSTRACT The present study reports the treatment carried out in a patient with mandibular second premolar agenesis associated with early loss of a deciduous second molar, deep overbite, severe overjet and dentoalveolar bimaxillary protrusion, which led to lip incompetence and a convex facial profile. The main objectives of this treatment were: to eliminate the spaces in mandibular arch, correct overbite, as well as eliminate bimaxillary protrusion and lip incompetence, thus leading to a balanced profile. The case was presented to the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (BBO as part of the requirements to obtain the title of BBO diplomate.

Vertebral defect, anal atresia, cardiac defect, tracheoesophageal fistula/esophageal atresia, renal defect, and limb defect association with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome in co-occurrence: two case reports and a review of the literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Bjørsum-Meyer, Thomas; Herlin, Morten; Qvist, Niels; Petersen, Michael B

2016-12-21

The vertebral defect, anal atresia, cardiac defect, tracheoesophageal fistula/esophageal atresia, renal defect, and limb defect association and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome are rare conditions. We aimed to present two cases with the vertebral defect, anal atresia, cardiac defect, tracheoesophageal fistula/esophageal atresia, renal defect, and limb defect association and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser co-occurrence from our local surgical center and through a systematic literature search detect published cases. Furthermore, we aimed to collect existing knowledge in the embryopathogenesis and genetics in order to discuss a possible link between the vertebral defect, anal atresia, cardiac defect, tracheoesophageal fistula/esophageal atresia, renal defect, and limb defect association and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome. Our first case was a white girl delivered by caesarean section at 37 weeks of gestation; our second case was a white girl born at a gestational age of 40 weeks. A co-occurrence of vertebral defect, anal atresia, cardiac defect, tracheoesophageal fistula/esophageal atresia, renal defect, and limb defect association and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome was diagnosed in both cases. We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed ((VACTERL) OR (VATER)) AND ((MRKH) OR (Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser) OR (mullerian agenesis) OR (mullerian aplasia) OR (MURCS)) without limitations. A similar search was performed in Embase and the Cochrane library. We added two cases from our local center. All cases (n = 9) presented with anal atresia and renal defect. Vertebral defects were present in eight patients. Rectovestibular fistula was confirmed in seven patients. Along with the uterovaginal agenesis, fallopian tube aplasia appeared in five of nine cases and in two cases ovarian involvement also existed. The co-occurrence of the vertebral defect, anal atresia, cardiac defect, tracheoesophageal fistula/esophageal atresia, renal

Emotional Intelligence in Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum.

Science.gov (United States)

Anderson, Luke B; Paul, Lynn K; Brown, Warren S

2017-05-01

People with agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) with normal general intelligence have deficits in complex cognitive processing, as well as in social cognition. It is uncertain the extent to which impoverished processing of emotions may contribute to social processing deficiencies. We used the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test to clarify the nature of emotional intelligence in 16 adults with AgCC. As hypothesized, persons with AgCC exhibited greater disparities from norms on tests involving more socially complex aspects of emotions. The AgCC group did not differ from norms on the Experiential subscale, but they were significantly below norms on the Strategic subscale. These findings suggest that the corpus callosum is not essential for experiencing and thinking about basic emotions in a "normal" way, but is necessary for more complex processes involving emotions in the context of social interactions. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Hashimoto thyroiditis: Part 2, sonographic analysis of benign and malignant nodules in patients with diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Science.gov (United States)

Anderson, Lauren; Middleton, William D; Teefey, Sharlene A; Reading, Carl C; Langer, Jill E; Desser, Terry; Szabunio, Margaret M; Mandel, Susan J; Hildebolt, Charles F; Cronan, John J

2010-07-01

The purpose of this article is to compare sonographic features of benign and malignant nodules in patients with diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis. As part of an ongoing multiinstitutional study, patients who underwent ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration of one or more thyroid nodules were analyzed for a variety of predetermined sonographic features. Patients with a sonographic appearance consistent with diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis and with coexisting nodules that could be confirmed to be benign or malignant by fine-needle aspiration or surgical pathologic analysis were included in the study. Among nodules within diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis, 84% (69/82) were benign (35 nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis, 32 nodular hyperplasia, and two follicular adenoma), and 16% (13/82) were malignant (12 papillary carcinoma and one lymphoma). Malignant nodules were more likely to be solid and hypoechoic (62% vs 19%). All types of calcifications were more prevalent among malignant nodules, including microcalcifications (39% vs 0%), nonspecific tiny bright reflectors (39% vs 6%), macrocalcifications (15% vs 3%), and eggshell (15% vs 2%). Benign nodules were more likely to be hyperechoic (46% vs 9%), to have a halo (39% vs 15%), and to lack calcifications (88% vs 23%). Benign nodules more often had ill-defined margins (36% vs 8%). Sonographic features of benign and malignant nodules within diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis are generally similar to the features typical of benign and malignant nodules in the general population. If calcifications of any type are added to the list of malignant sonographic features, the decision to biopsy a nodule in patients with diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis can be based on recommendations that have been published previously.

Sonographic appearance of cervical lymphadenopathy due to infectious mononucleosis in children and young adults

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fu, X.S.; Guo, L.M.; Lv, K.; Wang, L.; Ran, W.Q.; Tan, Q.T.; Wang, J.R.; Liu, X.

2014-01-01

Aim: To depict the grey-scale and Doppler features of cervical lymphadenopathy due to infectious mononucleosis (IM) and to compare the findings with other benign conditions and lymphoma. Materials and methods: One hundred and four patients <30 years old with 138 enlarged lymph nodes (LNs) were enrolled for sonographic analysis. These LNs were grouped as: IM LNs (59 LNs in 30 patients), lymphoma (30 LNs in 30 patients), bacterial lymphadenitis (24 LNs in 20 patients), tuberculosis (TB; 14 LNs in 13 patients), and reactive hyperplasia (11 LNs in 11 patients). Sonographic assessments included shape, echotexture, hilum, border, matting, cystic necrosis, calcification, and vascular pattern. For each sonographic feature, Fisher's exact test was performed to determine whether the difference between IM LNs and any another aetiology were statistically significant. Results: IM LNs tended to be round in shape (69%), heterogeneous in echotexture (61%), absent of echogenic hilum (66%), indistinct margins (80%), bilateral distribution (91%), and matting (83%) [even bilateral matting (66%)], and central hilar vascularity (89.8%). On analysis, bilateral matting had the highest specificity to IM LNs; however, its sensitivity was relatively low. In contrast to IM LNs, TB LNs were more likely to have unilateral matting, cystic necrosis, and calcification. Indistinct margins and decreased echogenicity of the hilum were more frequently seen in IM LNs than in bacterial LNs. Furthermore, central hilar vascularity was a common feature of IM LNs and other benignity, which can distinguish these from lymphoma and TB LNs. Conclusion: Although an individual sonographic feature had considerable overlaps between IM LNs and other aetiologies, the combination of several features may be helpful in the diagnosis of IM

Sonographic biometry of liver size among Igbo school age children of South east, Nigeria

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eze, Charles Ugwoke; Agwu, Kenneth Kalu; Ezeasor, Daniel Nwagbo; Aronu, Ann Ebele

2013-01-01

Background: The endemic diseases in the locality which are associated with changes in liver size necessitate sonographic biometry of this organ. Objectives: To establish by ultrasonography the normal limits and variations of the liver size according to age, sex, height, weight, body surface area and body mass index among school age children. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, hospital based study done at university of Nigeria medical center, Nsukka between January 2011 and June 2011. Participants included 947 apparently healthy subjects comprising 496 boys and 451 girls aged 6–17 years. The intra- and inter rater reliability of sonographic measurement of the liver size was determined. The sonographic examination was performed on Shenzhen DP-1100 machine with 3.5 MHz convex transducer. The longitudinal dimension of the liver was obtained in the midclavicular plane with the subject in deep inspiration. The weight and height of the subjects were obtained with the participants wearing light weight street clothes without shoes. Results: Measurement of liver length was reliable within and between sonographers. The mean of the liver length was 116.3 ± 10.6 mm. Dimension of the liver was not statistically different in boys and girls (p > 0.05). Height correlated best with the liver dimension followed by age, body surface area, weight, body mass index, and sex. The percentile curves, normal limits and prediction model of the liver dimension were defined according to height of the subjects. Conclusion: Determination of pathologic changes in the size of the liver necessitates knowing the normal ranges of dimension for the liver especially with respect to height in this population

Reconstructive surgery in eight children with solitary kidneys

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thorup, Jørgen Mogens

1989-01-01

Within a 10-year period reconstructive urinary tract surgery has been carried out in eight children with solitary kidneys. The children were 0-5 years old. Six had unilateral renal agenesis and two had unilateral multicystic kidney. In five children ureteroneocystostomy was performed, in two of t...... months of age. Postoperatively, the renal function was subnormal (although improved) in two children; in six it was normal. The most important prognostic factors in solitary kidneys with urinary tract obstruction are infection and developmental injury.......Within a 10-year period reconstructive urinary tract surgery has been carried out in eight children with solitary kidneys. The children were 0-5 years old. Six had unilateral renal agenesis and two had unilateral multicystic kidney. In five children ureteroneocystostomy was performed, in two...

Sirenomelia, the Mermaid syndrome: case report and a brief review of literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Sikandar, Rozina; Munim, Shama

2009-10-01

Sirenomelia, the Mermaid Syndrome is a rare and lethal congenital anomaly with an incidence of one in 60,000 to 70,000 pregnancies. Sirenomelia is characterized by complete fusion of the lower limbs, commonly associated with renal agenesis, absent external genitalia and other gastrointestinal defects. Another pathognomonic finding is the presence of single umbilical, persistent vitelline artery which is the chief distinguishing anatomic finding from Caudal Regression Syndrome. We report a case of termination of pregnancy done on the basis of ultrasound diagnosis of bilateral renal agenesis with no liquor volume. The foetus was identified to have characteristic features of Sirenomelia at the time of termination.

Sirenomelia: a review of embryogenic theories and discussion of the differences from caudal regression syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Isik Kaygusuz, Ecmel; Kurek Eken, Meryem; Sivrikoz, Oya Nermin; Cetiner, Handan

2016-03-01

To discuss the pathological features of sirenomelia in the light of our 10 cases and review the current theories. We identified 10 patients with sirenomelia from our hospital database. All clinical details and the autopsy features of 10 cases were noted. Of the 10 children with sirenomelia seven had bilateral renal agenesis, three had bladder agenesis and one had a renal hypoplasia. Single umbilical artery was found in 60% of children with sirenomelia. External genitalia was ambiguous in seven of 10 patients. Even though the etiology of caudal regression syndrome (CRS) and sirenomelia remains unknown we tend to believe that sirenomelia and CRS might be different entities.

Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis to Ipsilateral Parotid and Submandibular Glands: Report of a Case with Sonoelastographic Findings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Balaban, Mehtap; Dogruyol, Sureyya Vudali; Idilman, Ilkay S.; Unal, Ozlem; Ipek, Ali

2016-01-01

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) – also known as hypernephroma or grawitz tumor – accounts for 3% of the adulthood malignancies. Approximately 30–40% of the patients have metastasis at the time of the diagnosis and most common sites for metastasis are lung, regional lymph nodes, bone and liver. A total of 8–14% of the patients with RCC has head and neck metastasis. However, metastasis to major salivary glands is rarely seen. In this paper, we aimed to report a RCC case with metastasis to parotid and submandibular glands that has the same sonographic and sonoelastographic findings with the primary tumor. 66-year old woman with RCC history was referred to our radiology department for neck ultrasound (US) with painful swelling in the right parotid gland region. A well-defined, 37×21 mm sized hypoechoic heterogeneous solid mass was detected in the superficial-deep lobe of the right parotid gland. The mass was prominently hypervascular in color Doppler ultrasonography scan. Coincidentally, a 13×13 mm hypoechoic lobulated solid mass was detected in the right submandibular gland with similar sonographic findings. Real-time sonoelastography (SEL) was performed to the masses and both of them were blue-green colored that indicates hard tissue. An US and SEL evaluation was also performed to the renal mass (RCC) of the patient. The primary mass was also similar in sonographic and SEL appearance as salivary gland masses. In the patient history, she revealed chemotherapy-radiotherapy treatment 1.5 years ago due to inoperable mass in the mid-lower pole of the left kidney diagnosed as clear cell RCC with vascular invasion, liver, lung and brain metastasis. Because of known primary tumor, the masses in the salivary glands were suspected to be metastatic and a tru-cut biopsy was performed. Pathological result was reported as clear cell RCC metastasis. The etiology of RCC is still unknown and metastatic involvement can be seen at unexpected tissue and organs. Metastatic disease

Sonographic evaluation of femoral articular cartilage in the knee

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hong, Sung Hwan; Kong Keun Young; Chung, Hye Won; Choi, Young Ho; Song, Yeong Wook; Kang, Heung Sik

2000-01-01

To investigate the usefulness of sonography for the evaluation of osteoarthritic articular cartilage. Ten asymptomatic volunteers and 20 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee underwent sonographic evaluation. For this, the knee was maintained of full flexion in order to expose the deep portion of femoral condylar cartilage. Both transverse and longitudinal scans were obtained in standardized planes. Sonographic images of the articular cartilages were analyzed in terms of surface sharpness, echogenicity and thickness, along with associated bone changes. Normal cartilages showed a clearly-defined surface, homogeneously low echogenicity and regular thickness. Among 20 patients, the findings for medial and lateral condyles, respectively, were as follows: poorly defined cartilage surface, 16 (80%) and ten (50%); increased echogenicity of cartilage, 17 (85%) and 16 (80%); cartilage thinning, 16 (80%) and 14 (70%) (two medial condyles demonstrated obvious cartilage thickening); the presence of thick subchondral hyperechoic bands, five (25%) and four (20%); the presence of osteophytes, 13 (65%) and 12 (60%). Sonography is a convenient and accurate modality for the evaluation of femoral articular cartilage. In particular, it can be useful for detecting early degenerative cartilaginous change and for studying such change during clinical follow-up. (author)

The prevalence and clinical significance of sonographic tendon abnormalities in asymptomatic ballet dancers: a 24-month longitudinal study.

Science.gov (United States)

Comin, Jules; Cook, Jill L; Malliaras, Peter; McCormack, Moira; Calleja, Michelle; Clarke, Andrew; Connell, David

2013-01-01

Sonographic abnormalities of the achilles and patellar tendons are common findings in athletes, and tendinopathy is a common cause of pain and disability in athletes. However, it is unclear whether the sonographic changes are pathological or adaptive, or if they predict future injury. We undertook a cohort study to determine what sonographic features of the achilles and patellar tendons are consistent with changes as a result of ballet training, and which may be predictive of future development of disabling tendon symptoms. The achilles and patellar tendons of 79 (35 male, 44 female) professional ballet dancers (members of the English Royal Ballet) were examined with ultrasound, measuring proximal and distal tendon diameters and assessing for the presence of hypoechoic change, intratendon defects, calcification and neovascularity. All subjects were followed for 24 months for the development of patellar tendon or achilles-related pain or injury severe enough to require time off from dancing. Sonographic abnormalities were common among dancers, both male and female, and in both achilles and patellar tendons. Disabling tendon-related symptoms developed in 10 dancers and 14 tendons: 7 achilles (3 right, 4 left) and 7 patellar (2 right, 5 left). The presence of moderate or severe hypoechoic defects was weakly predictive for the development of future disabling tendon symptoms (p=0.0381); there was no correlation between any of the other sonographic abnormalities and the development of symptoms. There was no relationship between achilles or patellar tendons' diameter, either proximal or distal, with an increased likelihood of developing tendon-related disability. The presence of sonographic abnormalities is common in ballet dancers, but only the presence of focal hypoechoic changes predicts the development of future tendon-related disability. This suggests that screening of asymptomatic individuals may be of use in identifying those who are at higher risk of developing

Anaesthesia and Pentalogy of Cantrell

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Adele

In the absence of a dia- phragmatic hernia, high intra-abdominal pressures will splint the diaphragm and compromise respiratory function. High intra-abdominal pressures may also compromise re- nal perfusion and function. This is particularly important if renal abnormalities (horseshoe kidney, renal agenesis) are present.

Caudal Regression Syndrome with Partial Agenesis of the Corpus callosum and Partial Lobar Holoprosencephaly: Case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Hashami, Hilal Al; Bataclan, Maria F; Mathew, Mariam; Krishnan, Lalitha

2010-04-01

Caudal regression syndrome is a rare fetal condition of diabetic pregnancy. Although the exact mechanism is not known, hyperglycaemia during embryogenesis seems to act as a teratogen. Independently, caudal regression syndrome (CRS), agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) and partial lobar holoprosencephaly (HPE) have been reported in infants of diabetic mothers. To our knowledge, a combination of all these three conditions has not been reported so far.

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome: clinical, radiological and sonographic findings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Berrocal, T.; Simon, M.J.; Al-Assir, I.; Prieto, C.; Pastor, I.; Pablo, L. de; Lama, R.

1995-01-01

Six children with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome have been diagnosed and treated in our hospital since 1986. We describe the radiological and sonographic findings of this rare disease, which is characterized by metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, neutropenia and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. It presents with varying extremity shortening, ''cup'' deformation of the ribs, metaphyseal widening and hypoplasia of the iliac bones, as well as increased echogenicity of the normal-sized pancreas. We discuss the differential diagnosis and review the literature. (orig.)

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome: clinical, radiological and sonographic aspects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Berrocal, T.; Simon, M.J.; Al-Assir, I.; Prieto, C.; Pastor, I.; Pablo, L. de; Lama, R.

1995-01-01

Six children with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome have been diagnosed and treated in our hospital since 1986. We describe the radiological and sonographic findings of this rare disease which is characterized by metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, neutropenia and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. It presents with variable extremity shortening, ''cup'' deformation of the ribs, metaphyseal widening and hypoplasia of the iliac bones, and increased echogenicity of the pancreas without change in size. We discuss the differential diagnosis and review the literature. (orig.)

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome: clinical, radiological and sonographic findings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berrocal, T. [Servicio de Radiologia Pediatrica, Hospital Infantil `La Paz`, Madrid (Spain); Simon, M.J. [Servicio de Radiologia Pediatrica, Hospital Infantil `La Paz`, Madrid (Spain); Al-Assir, I. [Servicio de Radiologia Pediatrica, Hospital Infantil `La Paz`, Madrid (Spain); Prieto, C. [Servicio de Radiologia Pediatrica, Hospital Infantil `La Paz`, Madrid (Spain); Pastor, I. [Servicio de Radiologia Pediatrica, Hospital Infantil `La Paz`, Madrid (Spain); Pablo, L. de [Servicio de Radiologia Pediatrica, Hospital Infantil `La Paz`, Madrid (Spain); Lama, R. [Servicio de Gastroenterologia, Hospital Infantil `La Paz`, Madrid (Spain)

1995-07-01

Six children with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome have been diagnosed and treated in our hospital since 1986. We describe the radiological and sonographic findings of this rare disease, which is characterized by metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, neutropenia and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. It presents with varying extremity shortening, ``cup`` deformation of the ribs, metaphyseal widening and hypoplasia of the iliac bones, as well as increased echogenicity of the normal-sized pancreas. We discuss the differential diagnosis and review the literature. (orig.)

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome: clinical, radiological and sonographic aspects

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berrocal, T. [Dept. of Pediatric Radiology, `La Paz` Children`s Hospital, Madrid (Spain); Simon, M.J. [Dept. of Pediatric Radiology, `La Paz` Children`s Hospital, Madrid (Spain); Al-Assir, I. [Dept. of Pediatric Radiology, `La Paz` Children`s Hospital, Madrid (Spain); Prieto, C. [Dept. of Pediatric Radiology, `La Paz` Children`s Hospital, Madrid (Spain); Pastor, I. [Dept. of Pediatric Radiology, `La Paz` Children`s Hospital, Madrid (Spain); Pablo, L. de [Dept. of Pediatric Radiology, `La Paz` Children`s Hospital, Madrid (Spain); Lama, R. [Dept. of Gastroenterology, `La Paz` Children`s Hospital, Madrid (Spain)

1995-06-01

Six children with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome have been diagnosed and treated in our hospital since 1986. We describe the radiological and sonographic findings of this rare disease which is characterized by metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, neutropenia and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. It presents with variable extremity shortening, ``cup`` deformation of the ribs, metaphyseal widening and hypoplasia of the iliac bones, and increased echogenicity of the pancreas without change in size. We discuss the differential diagnosis and review the literature. (orig.)

Likelihood ratio-based differentiation of nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis and papillary thyroid carcinoma in patients with sonographically evident diffuse hashimoto thyroiditis: preliminary study.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Liang; Xia, Yu; Jiang, Yu-Xin; Dai, Qing; Li, Xiao-Yi

2012-11-01

To assess the efficacy of sonography for discriminating nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis from papillary thyroid carcinoma in patients with sonographically evident diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis. This study included 20 patients with 24 surgically confirmed Hashimoto thyroiditis nodules and 40 patients with 40 papillary thyroid carcinoma nodules; all had sonographically evident diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis. A retrospective review of the sonograms was performed, and significant benign and malignant sonographic features were selected by univariate and multivariate analyses. The combined likelihood ratio was calculated as the product of each feature's likelihood ratio for papillary thyroid carcinoma. We compared the abilities of the original sonographic features and combined likelihood ratios in diagnosing nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis and papillary thyroid carcinoma by their sensitivity, specificity, and Youden index. The diagnostic capabilities of the sonographic features varied greatly, with Youden indices ranging from 0.175 to 0.700. Compared with single features, combinations of features were unable to improve the Youden indices effectively because the sensitivity and specificity usually changed in opposite directions. For combined likelihood ratios, however, the sensitivity improved greatly without an obvious reduction in specificity, which resulted in the maximum Youden index (0.825). With a combined likelihood ratio greater than 7.00 as the diagnostic criterion for papillary thyroid carcinoma, sensitivity reached 82.5%, whereas specificity remained at 100.0%. With a combined likelihood ratio less than 1.00 for nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis, sensitivity and specificity were 90.0% and 92.5%, respectively. Several sonographic features of nodular Hashimoto thyroiditis and papillary thyroid carcinoma in a background of diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis were significantly different. The combined likelihood ratio may be superior to original sonographic features for

The effect of sonographers' professional self-concept on job satisfaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, Sung Hee; Choi, Jeong Mee; Lee, Ji Soo

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study was to develop a method to improve the job satisfaction of sonograpers by analyzing the factors affecting professional self-concept and job satisfaction. For data collection, total 141 sonographers working in Busan took part in the structured questionnaire survey. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS. For verification of the professional self-concept and job satisfaction, independent t-test and one way ANOVA were executed. When the statistical significance was verified, Sheffe was used for post hoc test. As a result, professional self-concept and job satisfaction were higher when got married, and also when a proper salary was paid according to work experience and professional qualification was acquired. In addition, the factors that have the greatest effect on the job satisfaction were analyzed as professional self concept. In conclusion, in order to improve the job satisfaction of sonographers, it is necessary not only to establish a professional qualification system for the job skill development but also to provide an appropriate compensation system according to work experience

Dynamic Sonographic Visualization of an Occult Posterior Lateral Meniscocapsular Separation: A Case Report.

Science.gov (United States)

Schroeder, Allison; Musahl, Volker; Urbanek, Christopher; Onishi, Kentaro

2018-04-05

Meniscocapsular separation describes detachment of the meniscus from the knee joint capsule. Diagnosis is challenging with conventional examination and imaging methods. We report a case of an 18-year-old female softball catcher with unrevealing magnetic resonance imaging despite continued left knee locking and discomfort with deep squatting. Meniscocapsular separation was revealed only on dynamic sonographic exam, where knee flexion revealed a 3.1-mm gap that developed between the capsule and peripheral meniscus. Arthroscopy confirmed the sonographic findings, and repair resulted in complete resolution of symptoms. This case highlights the utility of dynamic diagnostic sonography in a rare case of posterior lateral meniscocapsular separation. Copyright © 2018 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RENAL FUNCTION IN LIVER DISEASES USING COCKCROFT-GAULT FORMULAE AND CREATININE CLEARANCE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karem Ravi Teja

2018-01-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Kidney dysfunction in liver disease can be due to different aetiologies and can have diverse manifestations. Most of the abnormalities of kidney function in cirrhosis are of functional origin namely, sodium retention, impaired free water excretion and renal vasoconstriction with decrease in renal perfusion and glomerular filtration rate. Renal dysfunction in chronic liver disease usually follows a progressive course- the final phase being Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included patients with chronic liver disease being treated as inpatients in the Department of General Medicine, Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences, Amalapuram. Evidence for chronic liver disease being defined by a compatible clinical profile (signs of liver cell failure or reduced liver span along with biochemical (altered liver function tests, reversal of albuminglobulin ratio or sonographic evidence (altered echotexture of liver or tissue diagnosis (positive liver biopsy for cirrhosis. RESULTS Eighteen percent, i.e. 5 out of the 28 patients with creatinine clearance more than 60 mL/minute by Cockcroft-Gault formula were found to have creatinine clearance values less than 40 mL/minute when done by timed urine collection P value calculated was found to be less than 0.0001, which is statistically significant. CONCLUSION In chronic liver disease, serum creatinine alone is not a reliable marker to assess renal dysfunction. Calculating creatinine clearance by using Cockcroft-Gault formula overestimates renal function in cirrhotics. Creatinine clearance measured by timed urine collections should be done routinely to assess renal reserve in advanced liver disease. Alcoholism appears to have adverse effect on renal function when compared with other aetiologies of cirrhosis.

Actualization regarding genetic sonographic markers in the 1 trimester of pregnancy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Trull Martinez, Felicia Amaralis; Pimentel Benitez, Hector; Garcia Borrego, Aniorland; Medina Ali, Frank Ernesto

2010-01-01

The topic of sonographic markers in the first trimester of pregnancy is reviewed, in order to provide an update. The predictive markers on the most frequent congenital anomalies are emphasized. It was concluded with important aspects that should be considered for a correct interpretation of these findings

Value of first trimester epidemiologic and sonographic markers as chromosome-diseases risk indicators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Llanusa Ruiz, Celia; Nodarse Rodriguez, Alfredo; Vazquez, Yovany Enrique; Carrillo Bermudez, Lourdes; Sanchez Lombana, Rita

2009-01-01

Prenatal screening of chromosomal anomalies using epidemiological and sonographic markers during the first trimester, allow identifying pregnant with high risk of chromosome disease; we offer the cytogenetics prenatal diagnosis as option

Educational value of pocket-sized ultrasound devices to improve understanding of ultrasound examination principles and sonographic anatomy for medical student.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eun Young Kim

Full Text Available Medical students must understand the principles of ultrasonography (US, because US examinations are an important component of patient care in clinical practice. Pocket-sized ultrasound devices have the benefits of accessibility and ease of use. The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate the educational value of these devices in terms of improving medical student interest and understanding of US and sonographic anatomy.We added a US training program comprised of a self-study learning module and a hands-on training session to a two-week block curriculum of medical imaging for first year medical students (n = 40. Multiple pocket-sized US devices were used on a small-group basis during a single afternoon. Students were asked to complete a questionnaire before and after the US training session; these two questionnaires contained 6 and 10 questions, respectively, which were rated by students using a five-point Likert scale. In addition, understanding of sonographic anatomy was tested before and after the training program.Forty students completed the two questionnaires and the anatomy-related tests. Students found the program educationally valuable (4.37 ± 0.54 of 5 and reported that US practice was useful for improving their understanding of the principles of US examinations (4.23 ± 0.66 of 5 and sonographic anatomy (4.40 ± 0.55 of 5. Overall confidence at performing US examinations and understanding of sonographic anatomy were significantly increased after US training (increased overall confidence score, 1.87 ± 0.91 and improvement in sonographic anatomy score, 6.55 ± 1.55, p values < 0.001.US training using pocket-sized ultrasound devices was found to be educationally valuable for medical students in terms of improving understanding of US principles and familiarizing students with sonographic anatomy.

Vaginal agenesis: Experience with sigmoid colon neovaginoplasty

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rawat Jiledar

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Aim: Objective of this study is to report our experience with sigmoid vaginoplasty in adolescents. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of children with vaginal atresia and Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome. The sigmoid segment was used for vaginoplasty in all the cases. Results: Eight children were studied over a period of 7 years. The postoperative complications were ileus in 2, mucosal prolapse of the neovagina in 1, and minor wound infection in 1 patient. Seven patients are on regular follow-up. All the neovaginas were patent and functional. One patient had unacceptable perineal appearance, that is, badly scarred perineum as a late complication. None of the patients had vaginal stenosis or excessive mucus discharge, during follow-up visits. Out of the 7 patients, 2 patients are sexually active and satisfied. Conclusions: Sigmoid vaginoplasty is a safe and acceptable procedure for vaginal agenesis with good cosmetic results and acceptable complications rate. Sigmoid colon vaginoplasty is the treatment of choice because of its large lumen, thick walls resistant to trauma, adequate secretion allowing lubrication, not necessitating prolonged dilatation, and short recovery time.

A 54 Mb 11qter duplication and 0.9 Mb 1q44 deletion in a child with laryngomalacia and agenesis of corpus callosum

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lall Meena

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Partial Trisomy 11q syndrome (or Duplication 11q has defined clinical features and is documented as a rare syndrome by National Organization of Rare Disorders (NORD. Deletion 1q44 (or Monosomy 1q44 is a well-defined syndrome, but there is controversy about the genes lying in 1q44 region, responsible for agenesis of the corpus callosum. We report a female child with the rare Partial Trisomy 11q syndrome and Deletion 1q44 syndrome. The genomic imbalance in the proband was used for molecular characterization of the critical genes in 1q44 region for agenesis of corpus callosum. Some genes in 11q14q25 may be responsible for laryngomalacia. Results We report a female child with dysmorphic features, microcephaly, growth retardation, seizures, acyanotic heart disease, and hand and foot deformities. She had agenesis of corpus callosum, laryngomalacia, anterior ectopic anus, esophageal reflux and respiratory distress. Chromosome analysis revealed a derivative chromosome 1. Her karyotype was 46,XX,der(1t(1;11(q44;q14pat. The mother had a normal karyotype and the karyotype of the father was 46,XY,t(1;11(q44;q14. SNP array analysis showed that the proband had a 54 Mb duplication of 11q14q25 and a 0.9 Mb deletion of the submicroscopic subtelomeric 1q44 region. Fluorescence Insitu Hybridisation confirmed the duplication of 11qter and deletion of 1qter. Conclusion Laryngomalacia or obstruction of the upper airway is the outcome of increased dosage of some genes due to Partial Trisomy 11q Syndrome. In association with other phenotypic features, agenesis of corpus callosum appears to be a landmark phenotype for Deletion 1q44 syndrome, the critical genes lying proximal to SMYD3 in 1q44 region.

Prenatal Evidence of Persistent Notochord and Absent Sacrum Caused by a Mutation in the T (Brachyury Gene

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F. Fontanella

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Caudal regression syndrome (CRS is a rare congenital disorder characterized by developmental abnormalities of caudal spinal segments. To date, the etiology of CRS is unclear; sporadic cases are strongly associated with maternal diabetes, while familiar recurrence is infrequent. We describe in detail the prenatal clinical and sonographic findings of a recently described hereditary caudal regression syndrome, in four fetuses reported to be homozygous for a mutation in the T (brachyury gene. The syndrome occurred in three consanguineous, but unrelated families, originating from the same geographical area. All affected fetuses had persistence of the notochord in association with abnormal vertebral ossification, sacral agenesis, and bilateral clubfoot. These findings suggest that, in case of prenatal diagnosis of sacral agenesis, an advanced ultrasound examination should assess the vertebral ossification and the rare persistence of the notochord, in order to rule the involvement of the T gene.

Protocol for the realization of venous mapping by chronic venous insufficiency in lower limbs under sonographic guide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blanco Rojas, Diego Jose

2013-01-01

The current state of knowledge is reviewed with respect to the realization of lower limbs venous mapping. Venous mapping is obtained by the use of color and spectral Doppler ultrasound. Doppler ultrasound has provided a precise graphical representation of the superficial and deep venous systems. The performance of the venous mapping is considered essential for the correct handling of venous diseases. The anatomical and pathophysiological basic concepts are defined to realize the sonographic assessment of the veins of the lower limbs. The required technical aspects are revised for the realization of sonographic exploration of the patient with venous insufficiency. Sonographic findings are characterized to support the diagnostic of venous insufficiency of the lower limbs. The CEAP (clinical-etiologic-anatomic-pathophysiologic) classification is utilized to differentiate forms and degrees of severity of the disorder, and has allowed an interinstitutional comparison in clinical studies, the evaluation of treatment and monitoring of patients. A proposal is designed to perform reports that have served of guide surgical to vascular surgeons [es

Value of sonography in establishing severity of liver cirrhosis:correlation of sonographic features with Childclass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choi, Byung Ihn; KIm, Ho Chul; Shin, Yong Moon; Kim, Chu Wan; Lee, Hyo suk; Kim, Chung Yong

1993-01-01

This prospective study was designed to investigate the utility of sonography in establishing severity of liver cirrhosis as compared with Child class in clinical creteria. Seventy-our consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis were examined with sonography. This study included 50 males and 24 females, aged 35 to 72 years (mean ; 51) The number of patients in child A,B, and C group was 30,29,15 respectively. Sonographic features evaluated were hepatic parenchymal echo pattern, presence of nodularity of hepatic surface, degree of hepatic sonic attenuation,degree of obliteration of wall echo of the intrahepatic portal vein, size of the main portal vein, thickness of the gallbladder wall, size of the spleen, and presence of ascites. Each sonographic features was graded from 0 to depending upon the degree of severity, and was correlated with Child class of liver cirrhosis. Hepatic parenchymal echo pattern, presence of nodularity of hepatic surface, thickness of gallbladder wall, and presence of ascites were correlated well with Child class (p 0.05). In conclusion, these results indicate that careful evaluation of sonographic features are helpful in predicting severity of liver cirrhosis

CLINICAL AND SONOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF SYNOVITIS ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS DURING THERAPY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. V. Petrov

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The inflammatory process in the synovial membrane (SM, which may be a main cause of chronic pain in many patients, is one of the most significant components in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA.Objective: to study the time course of clinical and sonographic changes in patients with knee OA who used different symptomatic slow-acting agents, such as chondroitin sulfate (CS, glucosamine sulfate (GS, and diacerein, during an 18-month follow-up period in general clinical practice.Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled 86 knee OA patients who took CS and/or GS in combination with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs and/or paracetamol in an outpatient setting for 12 months. Clinical and ultrasound (US studies of the affected knee joints (KJ were performed at the study inclusion and 12 and 18 months after follow-up initiation. The signs of active synovitis were considered to be increased synovial thickness of up to at least 3 mm and articular fluid accumulation, as evidenced by KJ US study. After 12 months, 36 patients in whom the clinical and sonographic signs of active synovitis persisted were divided into two groups: 1 19 patients took diacerein instead of CS/GS for the following 6 months; 2 17 patients in whom the treatment regimen remained unchanged.Results and discussion. 60.4% of the patients with knee OA were observed to have the sonographic signs of active synovitis, which were weakly correlated with the sizes of osteophytes and the thickness of the hyaline cartilage (r < 0.37. The rate of synovitis decreased to 41.9% during 12-month CS/GS therapy. The patients with persistent sonographically active synovitis had higher visual analogue scale and WOMAC pain scores (p < 0.05, as well as high C-reactive protein levels. They needed the more frequent and longer intake of NSAIDs and paracetamol. During the following 6 months, there was a reduction in the signs of active synovitis, as evidenced by US study, in 78

The value of Sonographic measurement of cervical length and fetal fibronectin testing in predicting preterm delivery

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zeki Salar

2007-03-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether the combination of both fetal fibronectin and sonographic measurement of cervical length in women with preterm labor provides a better prediction than the individual tests alone.\tMETHODS: We examined 40 women with singleton pregnancies presenting at 24–35 (median 31 weeks of gestation with regular and painful uterine contractions, intact membranes and cervical dilatation of less than 3 cm. On admission to the hospital, fetal fibronectin positivity in cervicovaginal secretions was determined and transvaginal sonographic measurement of cervical length was carried out. The primary outcome measure was delivery within 14 days of presentation.\tRESULTS: Total of 40 eligible women at a mean gestational age of 28,3±4,8 weeks were enrolled from a population of 196 subjects screened. The overall prevalence of preterm delivery CONCLUSIONS: Combined the assessment of fetal fibronectin in cervico-vaginal secretions and the sonographic cervical length measurement improve the prediction of preterm delivery within 14 days in women with threatened preterm labor

Sonographic Imaging of Meniscal Subluxation in Patients with Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chun-Hung Ko

2007-09-01

Conclusion: Meniscal subluxation is a prominent feature on weight-bearing sonographic imaging in patients with radiographic osteoarthritis and could be considered as a risk factor for the development of knee osteoarthritis. By using musculoskeletal ultrasonography, one can detect this occult meniscal derangement early before the appearance of radiographic signs of osteoarthritis.

Sonographic demonstration of Cruveilhier-Baumgarten (CB) syndrome

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schulze, P J; Vogel, H M

1982-02-01

The term 'CB syndrome' comprises the presence of umbilical vein collateral circulation due to portal hypertension associated with cirrhosis or other recognizable structural anomalies of the liver. Usually the dilated remnant of the umbilical vein is the main collateral pathway. Demonstration of this structure not only indicates the presence of portal hypertension but also that the underlying obstruction is intra- or posthepatic rather than prehepatic. This paper reports sonographic visualization of CB syndrome in 23 patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Questions of differential diagnosis and nomenclature are discussed with respect to developmental and anatomical preconditions.

Sonographic demonstration of Cruveilhier-Baumgarten (CB) syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schulze, P.J.; Vogel, H.M.

1982-01-01

The term 'CB syndrome' comprises the presence of umbilical vein collateral circulation due to portal hypertension associated with cirrhosis or other recognizable structural anomalies of the liver. Usually the dilated remnant of the umbilical vein is the main collateral pathway. Demonstration of this structure not only indicates the presence of portal hypertension but also that the underlying obstruction is intra- or posthepatic rather than prehepatic. This paper reports sonographic visualization of CB syndrome in 23 patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Questions of differential diagnosis and nomenclature are discussed with respect to developmental and anatomical preconditions. (orig.)

Sonographic Appearance of a Solitary Intramuscular Cysticercosis: A Case Report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moon, Ju Hee; Joo, Seung Ho; Shim, Joo Eun; Kim, Yee Jeong; Oh, Hyun Cheol; Kim, Tae Hwan

2009-01-01

The development of antiparasitic drugs and public health strategies has reduced the prevalence of cysticercosis in South Korea. In contrast, the disease is still endemic in Southeast Asia. The influx of immigrants from endemic areas has been on the increase. We report the sonographic and pathological findings of cysticercosis that presented as an intramuscular solitary mass in a 27-year-old Philippine woman

Sonographic Appearance of a Solitary Intramuscular Cysticercosis: A Case Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moon, Ju Hee; Joo, Seung Ho; Shim, Joo Eun; Kim, Yee Jeong; Oh, Hyun Cheol; Kim, Tae Hwan [NHIC Ilsan Hospital, Ilsan (Korea, Republic of)

2009-03-15

The development of antiparasitic drugs and public health strategies has reduced the prevalence of cysticercosis in South Korea. In contrast, the disease is still endemic in Southeast Asia. The influx of immigrants from endemic areas has been on the increase. We report the sonographic and pathological findings of cysticercosis that presented as an intramuscular solitary mass in a 27-year-old Philippine woman

Rare manifestations of sirenomelia syndrome: a report of five cases.

Science.gov (United States)

Drossou-Agakidou, Vasiliki; Xatzisevastou-Loukidou, Chariklia; Soubasi, Vasiliki; Kostopoulou, Eyanthia; Laporda, Alexandra; Pantzaki, Afroditi; Agelidou, Stamatia; Kremenopoulos, Georgios

2004-10-01

Five cases of sirenomelia presented with rare manifestations are discussed. Three neonates were born alive and died within 2 to 12 hours after birth. One case was the offspring of a triple in vitro fertilization pregnancy with history of early intrauterine death of one of the triplets. The main features included fusion of lower extremities (five of five), renal agenesis (three of five), polycystic renal dysplasia (two of five), anal atresia with large bowel hypoplasia (three of five), pulmonary hypoplasia (four of five), and single umbilical artery (five of five). Other features that have only rarely been associated with sirenomelia included concurrence of congenital heart disease and neuroblastoma, gallbladder agenesis, and upper extremity defects.

Vaginal progesterone in women with an asymptomatic sonographic short cervix in the midtrimester decreases preterm delivery and neonatal morbidity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Romero, Roberto; Nicolaides, Kypros; Conde-Agudelo, Agustin

2012-01-01

To determine whether the use of vaginal progesterone in asymptomatic women with a sonographic short cervix (≤ 25 mm) in the midtrimester reduces the risk of preterm birth and improves neonatal morbidity and mortality.......To determine whether the use of vaginal progesterone in asymptomatic women with a sonographic short cervix (≤ 25 mm) in the midtrimester reduces the risk of preterm birth and improves neonatal morbidity and mortality....

Biallelic PMS2 Mutation and Heterozygous DICER1 Mutation Presenting as Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency With Corpus Callosum Agenesis: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Cheyuo, Cletus; Radwan, Walid; Ahn, Janice; Gyure, Kymberly; Qaiser, Rabia; Tomboc, Patrick

2017-10-01

Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome is a cancer predisposition syndrome caused by autosomal recessive biallelic (homozygous) germline mutations in the mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2). The clinical spectrum includes neoplastic and non-neoplastic manifestations. We present the case of a 7-year-old boy who presented with T-lymphoblastic lymphoma and glioblastoma, together with non-neoplastic manifestations including corpus callosum agenesis, arachnoid cyst, developmental venous anomaly, and hydrocephalus. Gene mutation analysis revealed pathogenic biallelic mutations of PMS2 and heterozygous DICER1 variant predicted to be pathogenic. This report is the first to allude to a possible interaction of the mismatch repair system with DICER1 to cause corpus callosum agenesis.

Sonographic Findings of Chondral Avulsion Fractures of the Lateral Ankle Ligaments in Children.

Science.gov (United States)

Maeda, Manabu; Maeda, Nana; Takaoka, Takanori; Tanaka, Yasuhito

2017-02-01

In this series, we aimed to describe the sonographic findings of chondral avulsion fractures that develop concomitant with lateral ankle ligament injury in children. We performed stress sonography during a manual anterior drawer stress procedure of the ankle in 9 skeletally immature patients who had recently had a lateral ankle sprain. Echo videos were obtained through the course of treatment, and all videos were reviewed. We elucidated the common features of chondral avulsion fractures of the lateral ankle ligaments in the children. The features of avulsion fractures on conventional sonography included absence of a fracture with hyperechoic spots (sonographic occult fracture type), cortical discontinuity with hyperechoic spots (cortical disruption fracture type), fracture line in the cortical bone (double-line fracture type), and a step-off deformity of the cortical bone with cartilage (displaced fracture type). In contrast, the features of chondral fractures on stress sonography included abnormal motion of the chondral lesions and mobility/fluidity of hyperechoic spots along the chondral fracture site. The presence of hyperechoic spots around the chondral lesion is an important sonographic sign for diagnosing chondral fractures concomitant with ankle lateral ligament injury. Hence, we believe that stress sonography should be considered for the detection of chondral fractures concomitant with radiographically negative ankle lateral ligament injuries in skeletally immature patients with lateral ankle pain and ankle sprains, if hyperechoic spots are present in the cartilage of the distal fibula. © 2017 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Small breed dogs with confirmed stroke: concurrent diseases and sonographic findings

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C.F. Carvalho

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA are important causes of neurological clinical signs in dogs. The objective of this work was to describe concurrent diseases and ultrasonographic features in dogs with CVA confirmed through postmortem evaluation. All medical records of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCDUS examinations performed in 512 dogs between 2007 and 2009 were reviewed, searching for history and clinical diagnosis, as well as sonographic and histological results. Forty-two dogs were selected, showing acute onset of clinical signs with no progressive focal cerebral dysfunction and diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease confirmed at necropsy. Concurrent diseases and conditions were: cerebral amyloid microangiopathy (33%, endocrinopathies (31%, coagulopathy (24%, Schnauzer hyperlipemia (7% and unknown (5%. The relation between sonography and histology results indicated 100% sensitivity and 90% specificity for focal lesion detection. A diffuse decrease in echogenicity was related to inflammatory diseases and/or edema with 62% sensitivity. A diffuse increase in echogenicity has 100% sensitivity and was usually related to aging changes. This study showed the occurrence of coexisting diseases with CVA and sonographic features of these conditions in small breed dogs.

The effect of sonographers' professional self-concept on job satisfaction

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yang, Sung Hee [Dept. of Radiology, Ilsin Christian Hospital, Ilsan (Korea, Republic of); Choi, Jeong Mee [School of Liberal Arts, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Ji Soo [Dept. of Radiology, University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan (Korea, Republic of)

2017-09-15

The purpose of this study was to develop a method to improve the job satisfaction of sonograpers by analyzing the factors affecting professional self-concept and job satisfaction. For data collection, total 141 sonographers working in Busan took part in the structured questionnaire survey. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS. For verification of the professional self-concept and job satisfaction, independent t-test and one way ANOVA were executed. When the statistical significance was verified, Sheffe was used for post hoc test. As a result, professional self-concept and job satisfaction were higher when got married, and also when a proper salary was paid according to work experience and professional qualification was acquired. In addition, the factors that have the greatest effect on the job satisfaction were analyzed as professional self concept. In conclusion, in order to improve the job satisfaction of sonographers, it is necessary not only to establish a professional qualification system for the job skill development but also to provide an appropriate compensation system according to work experience.

Sonographic appearance of a partial rupture of the supinator muscle.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Chih-Chun; Chiou, Hong-Jen; Kao, Chung-Lan; Chan, Rai-Chi

2008-05-01

We report the case of a 51-year-old woman who experienced pain and swelling in the right forearm after spinning cotton. History taking and physical examinations helped identify a tear of the supinator muscle, which was confirmed via sonographic examination. To our knowledge, this article is the first report of a supinator muscle tear diagnosed with sonography. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008.

Hepatic abscess versus peripheral cholangiocarcinoma: Sonographic differentiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chung, Hwan Hoon; Kim, Yun Hwan; Kang, Chang Ho; Chung, Kyoo Byung; Suh, Won Hyuck [Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Chang Hee [Kunkuk University College of Medicine, Chung-Ju Hospital, Chung-Ju (Korea, Republic of)

2000-12-15

To find out the sonographic findings that are useful to differentiate hepatic abscess from peripheral cholangiocarcinoma. Twenty-two hepatic abscesses and 22 peripheral cholangiocarcinomas which had been confirmed histologically were included in this study. Objective points were echo characteristics of the lesion, internal septation, presence of peripheral low echoic rim, demarcation from normal liver(well or poorly defined), posterior enhancement, multiplicity, dilatation of bile duct(obstructive or non-obstructive), intrahepatic duct stone, pleural effusion, and intra-abdominal fluid collection. Echo characteristics of the lesion were classified in-to four types. Type I; Predominantly echogenic with hypoechoic portion, type II; Echogenic without hypoechoic portion, type III; Predominantly hypoechoic with echogenic portion, type IV; Hypoechoic without echogenic portion. 1)Nine abscesses and 2 peripheral cholangiocarcinomas were type I(p=0.037), 2)One abscess and 18 peripheral cholangiocarcinomas were type II(p=0.001), 3)Seven abscesses and none of peripheral cholangiocarcinomas were type III(p=0.001), 4)Five abscesses and 2 peripheral cholangiocarcinomas were type IV(p=0.410). Only 7 abscesses showed internal septations(p=0.013). One abscess and 9 peripheral cholangiocarcinomas showed peripheral hypoechoic halos(p=0.012). Only 9 peripheral cholangiocarcinomas showed obstructive bile duct dilatation (p=0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between abscess and peripheral cholangiocarcinoma on other objective points. Predominantly echogenic with hypoechoic portion, predominantly hypoechoic with echogenic portion, and internal septation are the features suggestive of hepatic abscess, and echogenic without hypoechoic portion, peripheral hypoechoic halo, obstructive bile duct dilatation are suggestive of peripheral cholangiocarcinoma. Therefore these sonographic findings are helpful to differentiate hepatic abscess from peripheral

Sonographic diagnosis of intramural hematoma of gastrointestinal tract

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Woo, Seong Ku; Cheon, S. K.; Seong, N. G.

1989-01-01

Sonographic findings of nine cases of intramural hematoma of the gastrointestinal tract are presented. The duodenum was the most common site, followed by the ascending colon and the stomach. Intramural hematomas present as centrally or eccentrically located bowel mass of variable echogenicity: heter-ogeneously echogenic in six cases; hypoechoic in two case; anechoic in one case. In five cases of duodenal hematoma, the stomach and/or duodenal bulb were distended and filled with fluid. It is concluded that ultrasonography is a simple and useful tool in the diagnosis of intramural hematoma of the intestine

Assessment of intra-interobserver reliability of the sonographic optic nerve sheath diameter measurement

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tuba Cimilli Ozturk

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Diagnosis and measuring the level of increase in intracranial pressure (ICP is critical, especially for the management of trauma patients in the emergency department and intensive care unit. However, measurements are operator-dependent as in all of the sonographic diagnoses. The aim of this study is to assess the operator variations in the measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD. There were four emergency medicine specialists involved in the study. Each had at least 1 year of experience of ultrasound scans and performed at least 25 prior ocular scans examining the ONSD. Two measurements were made 1 week apart from both axial and longitudinal planes. Sixty healthy adults were involved in the study and every investigator obtained four measurements from each. Intra-interobserver reliabilities were tested. The investigators performed 60 ocular ultrasounds on individual healthy adults and obtained two measurements in axial and longitudinal planes 1 week apart. Therefore, 960 measurements were analyzed. The levels of compatibilities for most of the measurements were found at acceptable levels statistically. However, it is not possible to say that there was a perfect compatibility among the sonographers according to the previously conducted reliability studies of ultrasound measurements. According to our results, it is hard to say that sonographic measurement of the ONSD is a highly reliable method both in longitudinal and transverse planes.

Pancreatic changes in cystic fibrosis: CT and sonographic appearances

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Daneman, A.; Gaskin, K.; Martin, D.J.; Cutz, E.

1983-01-01

The computed tomographic (CT) and sonographic appearances of the late stages of pancreatic damage in three patients with cystic fibrosis are illustrated. All three had severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with steatorrhea. In two patients CT revealed complete fatty replacement of the entire pancreas. In the third, increased echogenicity of the pancreas on sonography and the inhomogeneous attenuation on CT were interpreted as being the result of a combination of fibrosis, fatty replacement, calcification, and probable cyst formation

Correlation between clinical fetal head station and sonographic angle of progression during the second stage of labor.

Science.gov (United States)

Perlman, Sharon; Kivilevitch, Zvi; Moran, Orit; Katorza, Eldad; Kees, Salim; Achiron, Reuven; Gilboa, Yinon

2017-08-04

To investigate the correlation between the angle of progression and the clinical fetal head station (FHS) during the second stage of labor, and to build reference range. A prospective, observational study was conducted. Women carrying singleton term pregnancies were enrolled during the second stage of labor. FHS was assessed manually by a senior obstetrician, while the angle of progression (AOP) was assessed by transperineal ultrasound (TPU). Both examiners were blinded to each others results. The correlation between the sonographic AOP and the clinical FHS was analyzed. Seventy patients comprised the study group. Clinical FHS demonstrated an excellent correlation with the sonographic measurement of AOP (Pearson's Correlation 0.642, p correlation was best described by a cubic regression according to the formula: 123.800 + 10.290 × FHS -2.889 * FHS +0.910, (r 2  = 0.423, p correlation between the clinical FHS and the TPU measured AOP. These standardized sonographic values may serve the obstetrician as a reliable, objective auxiliary tool for the evaluation of the FHS during the second stage of labor.

Prenatal diagnosis of periventricular nodular heterotopia in borderline ventriculomegaly using sonography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Science.gov (United States)

Sahinoglu, Zeki; Yapicier, Ozlem; Ozcan, Nahit

2016-10-01

Periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH) is usually missed on prenatal sonographic examinations, even on targeted scans. Irregular ventricular walls on axial view and irregular square-shaped lateral ventricles on coronal view are suggestive of PNH in the early third trimester. To achieve an early prenatal diagnosis, it is important to keep in mind the possible coexistence of PNH with brain malformations such as ventriculomegaly, posterior fossa anomalies, or agenesis of corpus callosum. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 44:510-513, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

First trimester fetal physiologic midgut herniation: Transvaginal sonographic findings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kwon, Tae Hee; Park, Yong Hyun

1999-01-01

To evaluate the sonographic features and appearance time of the physiologic midgut herniation early in pregnancy. Sonograms of 87 features ranging from 7 to 13 weeks were obtained over a 2-month period. The presence or absence, the size and echogenecity of the physiologic midgut herniation were evaluate on each examination. Disappearance of the midgut herniation was confirmed on follow-up sonogram at 13-20 weeks, 3-12 weeks after the first sonogram. The results were analyzed in terms of appearance or disappearance time of midgut herniation. In all cases of physiologic midgut herination, an echogenic mass measuring 0.4-0.7 cm wa demonstrated within the base of the umbilical cord at its insertion into the fetal abdomen. This herniation was detected in 3/6 cases (50%) at 8 weeks, in 15/16 cases (94%) at 9 weeks, in 22/24 cases (92%) at 10 weeks and in 12/27 cases (44%) at 11 weeks gestation. None of the features studied at 7 weeks and 12 weeks had a midgut herniation. Sonographic findings of a 0.4-0.7 cm sized echogenic mass within the base of the umbilical cord which appears from 8 weeks to 12 weeks pregnancy represent physiologic midgut herniation in early pregnancy and should not be confused with pathologic ventral wall defected such as omphalocele or gastroschisis.

First trimester fetal physiologic midgut herniation: Transvaginal sonographic findings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kwon, Tae Hee; Park, Yong Hyun [CHA General Hospital. Pochon College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1999-06-15

To evaluate the sonographic features and appearance time of the physiologic midgut herniation early in pregnancy. Sonograms of 87 features ranging from 7 to 13 weeks were obtained over a 2-month period. The presence or absence, the size and echogenecity of the physiologic midgut herniation were evaluate on each examination. Disappearance of the midgut herniation was confirmed on follow-up sonogram at 13-20 weeks, 3-12 weeks after the first sonogram. The results were analyzed in terms of appearance or disappearance time of midgut herniation. In all cases of physiologic midgut herination, an echogenic mass measuring 0.4-0.7 cm wa demonstrated within the base of the umbilical cord at its insertion into the fetal abdomen. This herniation was detected in 3/6 cases (50%) at 8 weeks, in 15/16 cases (94%) at 9 weeks, in 22/24 cases (92%) at 10 weeks and in 12/27 cases (44%) at 11 weeks gestation. None of the features studied at 7 weeks and 12 weeks had a midgut herniation. Sonographic findings of a 0.4-0.7 cm sized echogenic mass within the base of the umbilical cord which appears from 8 weeks to 12 weeks pregnancy represent physiologic midgut herniation in early pregnancy and should not be confused with pathologic ventral wall defected such as omphalocele or gastroschisis.

Laryngeal schwannoma: a case report with emphasis on sonographic findings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Souza, Luis Ronan Marquez Ferreira de, E-mail: luisronan@gmail.com [Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, MG (Brazil); De Nicola, Harley; Yamasaki, Rosiane; Pedroso, Jose Eduardo; Brasil, Osiris de Oliveira Campones do; Yamashita, Helio [Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Escola Paulista de Medicina

2014-05-15

Schwannomas are benign nerve sheath tumors composed of Schwann cells, which normally produce the insulating myelin sheath covering peripheral, cranial and autonomic nerves. Twenty-five to forty-five percent of all schwannomas occur in the head and neck region, but location of such tumors in the larynx is rarely observed. The present report is aimed at describing a clinical case of laryngeal schwannoma, with emphasis on sonographic findings. (author)

[Cardiac sonographers: a unique reality in Anglo-saxon countries? The experience of an Italian echo-lab which is employing them since 1984].

Science.gov (United States)

del Mestre, Lorenzo; Compassi, Rossana; Badano, Luigi P; Monti, Maria Luisa; Ciani, Rosanna; Buiese, Simonetta; Gianfagna, Pasquale; Fioretti, Paolo M

2006-12-01

Cardiac sonographers play a key role in the management of echo-laboratories in anglo-saxon countries. In Italy, and generally in "latin" countries nearly all echocardiographic studies are performed by cardiologists. However, because of the increasing demand for echocardiography, this practice will no longer be feasible (medical schools do not graduate enough cardiologists!), and cost-effective (the cost of echocardiography performed by cardiologists only is becoming too high!). Introduction of cardiac sonographers in Italian echo-laboratories may represent a feasible and cost-effective solution to the ever increasing demand for echocardiography. In order to contribute to the debate, we report the experience of our echo-laboratory that employs cardiac sonographers since 1984.

Types and Outcome of Fetal Urinary Anomalies in Low Resource Setting Countries: A Retrospective Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Shalaby, Hend; Hemida, Reda; Nabil, Hanan; Ibrahim, Mohammad

2016-10-01

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in the developing countries have a poor prognosis due to limited experience in antenatal and postnatal management. A 3-year retrospective study was carried out from January 2011 to December 2013. The following data were collected and analyzed: maternal age, gravidity, parity, gestational age at diagnosis, and ultrasonography findings. Final diagnosis after birth, the performed surgeries, follow-up data, as well as survival at one year were also analyzed. The mean age of the included patients was 28 years (range 20-35 years). The mean parity was 1.7 (range 0-4). The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 26 weeks (range 15-36 weeks). Consanguinity was reported in 10 cases (24.4 %). There were 25 males and 16 females. Bilateral renal agenesis was the commonest type (19.5 %). The anomalies of kidneys and urinary tract in our cases were associated with other anomalies in 8 cases (19.5 %). Oligohydramnios was detected in bilateral renal agenesis and posterior urethral valve. Surgical interference during the first 6 months was performed in 6 cases; pyeloplasty for unilateral or bilateral hydronephrosis was performed in 5 cases; and excision of solitary renal cyst performed in one case. By the end of the first year, two of the three cases with chronic renal disease, who were under peritoneal dialysis, died, and three cases who had undergone pyeloplasty were lost to follow-up. Among the 41 cases with antenatally diagnosed renal and urinary malformations; bilateral renal agenesis was the commonest anomaly (19.5 %). There were high rates of induction of abortion, IUFD, and neonatal deaths. The poor outcome may be due to lack of experience in performing invasive therapeutic fetal procedures.

Exome sequencing for prenatal diagnosis of fetuses with sonographic abnormalities.

Science.gov (United States)

Drury, Suzanne; Williams, Hywel; Trump, Natalie; Boustred, Christopher; Lench, Nicholas; Scott, Richard H; Chitty, Lyn S

2015-10-01

In the absence of aneuploidy or other pathogenic cytogenetic abnormality, fetuses with increased nuchal translucency (NT ≥ 3.5 mm) and/or other sonographic abnormalities have a greater incidence of genetic syndromes, but defining the underlying pathology can be challenging. Here, we investigate the value of whole exome sequencing in fetuses with sonographic abnormalities but normal microarray analysis. Whole exome sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from chorionic villi or amniocytes in 24 fetuses with unexplained ultrasound findings. In the first 14 cases sequencing was initially performed on fetal DNA only. For the remaining 10, the trio of fetus, mother and father was sequenced simultaneously. In 21% (5/24) cases, exome sequencing provided definitive diagnoses (Milroy disease, hypophosphatasia, achondrogenesis type 2, Freeman-Sheldon syndrome and Baraitser-Winter Syndrome). In a further case, a plausible diagnosis of orofaciodigital syndrome type 6 was made. In two others, a single mutation in an autosomal recessive gene was identified, but incomplete sequencing coverage precluded exclusion of the presence of a second mutation. Whole exome sequencing improves prenatal diagnosis in euploid fetuses with abnormal ultrasound scans. In order to expedite interpretation of results, trio sequencing should be employed, but interpretation can still be compromised by incomplete coverage of relevant genes. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

MRI study on urinary abnormalities of fetus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Ming; Zhang Yuzhen; Wang Qiuyan; Zhang Zhongyang; Li Yuhua

2007-01-01

Objective: To illustrate the important complemental function of MRI in dignosing the urinary abnormalities of the fetus by analyzing MR features. Methods: MRI findings in 34 fetal urinary abnormalities were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Upper urinary tract dilatation was found in 12 cases: one case presented obstructed right renal dysplasia and was on the follow-up, postnatal MR imaging proved the duplex anomaly in one case, one case showed left PUJO on postnatal US imaging and prepared to surgery, 7 cases were normal on postnatal US imaging, 2 cases were lost to follow up. Bilateral urinary anomalies were found in 7 cases: Muhicystic renal dysplasia (n=3), Combined horseshoe kidney in 2 fetuses and bilateral renal aplasia in one case. Bilateral renal dysplasia was diagnosed in 2 cases, one was still bom and proved by autopsy and the other was lost to follow up. The case of bilateral renal agenesis displayed the appearance of sirenomelia on general specimen. The case of right renal agenesis associated contralateral kidney dyspalsia (n=1) was lost to follow up. MR imaging showed low signal intensity of lung and oligohydramnios in the bilateral anomalies. Unilateral urinary anomalies was found in 15 cases, including 9 cases of unilateral renal dysplasia. Two fetuses were aborted and 3 fetuses were proved with postnatal US or MR. One was lost to follow up; 3 cases were on the follow-up. There were 4 cases of unilateral renal agenesis, two fetuses were aborted and 2 fetuses were proved with postnatal US or MR imaging. The case of ectopic kidney was proved with postnatal US imaging. One case of urachal cyst was aborted without autopsy. In the unilateral anomalies, the volume of amniotic fluid was normal, and the fetal lung presented homogenious high signal intensity. Conclusion: As a complemental method, MRI is of great value in displaying and dignosing the urinary abnormalities of fetus. (authors)

Four-dimensional real-time sonographically guided cauterization of the umbilical cord in a case of twin-twin transfusion syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Timor-Tritsch, Ilan E; Rebarber, Andrei; MacKenzie, Andrew; Caglione, Christopher F; Young, Bruce K

2003-07-01

In the past decade, three-dimensional (3D) sonographic technology has matured from a static imaging modality to near-real-time imaging. One of the more notable improvements in this technology has been the speed with which the imaged volume is acquired and displayed. This has enabled the birth of the near-real-time or four-dimensional (4D) sonographic concept. Using the 4D feature of the current 3D sonography machines allows us to follow moving structures, such as fetal motion, in almost real time. Shortly after the emergence of 3D and 4D technology as a clinical imaging tool, its use in guiding needles into structures was explored by other investigators. We present a case in which we used the 4D feature of our sonographic equipment to follow the course and motion of an instrument inserted into the uterus to occlude the umbilical cord of a fetus in a case of twin-twin transfusion syndrome.

Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the appendix: A case report with an emphasis on sonographic findings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cho, Young Jong; Kim, Hyuk Jung; Jang, Suk Ki; Yeon, Jae Woo; Kim, Ki Ho; Paik, So Ya [Daejin Medical Center, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam (Korea, Republic of)

2016-03-15

In this report, we present a rare case of primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the appendix in a 51-year-old woman with right lower quadrant pain. Since non-specific concentric appendiceal wall thickening was found in a radiologic evaluation, it was misdiagnosed as non-tumorous appendicitis. An in-depth examination of the correlation between sonographic and histopathologic findings demonstrated that a single markedly thickened hypoechoic layer was well correlated with the diffuse infiltration of tumor cells in both the submucosal and muscle layers. If this sonographic finding is observed in certain clinical settings, such as potential ovarian and peritoneal metastasis, submucosal infiltrative tumors, including signet-ring cell carcinoma, should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

[Is there either agenesis or regression of the Mullerian duct in female bird embryos under the influence of male hormone?].

Science.gov (United States)

Lutz-Ostertag, Y; Lutz, H

1976-01-01

The natural occurence of "Free-Martinism" in Birds and the chorio-allantoïc grafting experiments of testis fragments on female chick host-embryos allow to the authors to define the manner provoking the entire or partial disappearance of the müllerian ducts and to state exactly if the phenomenon is a agenesis or a regression.

Mullerian agenesis associated with in-utero thalidomide exposure: A case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sarah Dotters-Katz

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Thalidomide is a well-known teratogen, which is experiencing resurgence as new uses are identified. Exposure is classically associated with limb deformities, such as: dysmelia, phocomelia, preaxial hypoplasia and polydactyly, in addition to visceral anomalies that have been documented as well. We report a case of a 38 year-old nulligravid female, who was previously evaluated for primary amenorrhea, and given the presumptive false diagnosis of an imperforate hymen. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI exam, she was noted to have uterovaginal agenesis. The implications of thalidomide on women’s health extend beyond external birth defects. Although, most commonly associated with limb deformities, there may also be gynecologic implications of in utero exposure. As this medication is increasingly used for various medical conditions, obstetricians/gynecologists need to remain aware of this potential mullerian teratogenic effect.

Sonographic features of thyroid nodules that may help distinguish clinically atypical subacute thyroiditis from thyroid malignancy.

Science.gov (United States)

Pan, Fu-shun; Wang, Wei; Wang, Yan; Xu, Ming; Liang, Jin-yu; Zheng, Yan-ling; Xie, Xiao-yan; Li, Xiao-xi

2015-04-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate sonographic features for distinguishing clinically atypical subacute thyroiditis from malignant thyroid nodules. A total of 165 hypoechoic thyroid nodules without calcification in 135 patients with histologic diagnosis were included in this study. These nodules were classified into 2 groups: a thyroiditis group (55 nodules in 36 patients) and a malignancy group (110 nodules in 99 patients). The sonographic features of the groups were retrospectively reviewed. No significant differences were detected for the variables of marked echogenicity, a taller-than-wide shape, and mixed vascularity. However, a poorly defined margin was detected more frequently in the thyroiditis group than the malignancy group (P thyroiditis, with sensitivity and specificity of 87.3% and 80.9%, respectively. Centripetal reduction echogenicity was observed exclusively in the thyroiditis group, with high specificity (100%) but low sensitivity (21.8%) for atypical subacute thyroiditis diagnosis. All of the thyroiditis nodules with a positive color signal showed noninternal vascularity (negative predictive value, 100%). There is a considerable overlap between the sonographic features of atypical subacute thyroiditis and thyroid malignancy. However, the margin, echogenicity, and vascularity type are helpful indicators for differential diagnosis of atypical subacute thyroiditis. © 2015 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Sonographic findings of common musculoskeletal disease in patients with diabetes mellitis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Min Ho; Park, Ji Seon [Dept. of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Ahn, Sung Eun; Ryu, Kyung Nam [Dept. of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Park, So Young; Jin, Wook [Dept. of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2016-04-15

Diabetes mellitus (DM) can accompany many musculoskeletal (MSK) diseases. It is difficult to distinguish the DM-related MSK diseases based on clinical symptoms alone. Sonography is frequently used as a first imaging study for these MSK symptoms and is helpful to differentiate the various DM-related MSK diseases. This pictorial essay focuses on sonographic findings of various MSK diseases that can occur in diabetic patients.

First trimester diagnosis of sirenomelia: a case report and review of the literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Akbayir, Ozgur; Gungorduk, Kemal; Sudolmus, Sinem; Gulkilik, Ahmet; Ark, Cemal

2008-12-01

Sirenomelia sequence is a rare lethal pattern of congenital anomalies characterized by a number of hallmark skeletal anomalies, including fusion of the lower extremities or a single lower limb, bilateral renal agenesis or dysgenesis with absent or hypoplastic renal arteries, oligohydramnios, and the presence of aberrant vasculature. The etiology is still controversial. Prognosis is very poor, with the babies being stillborn or succumbing soon after birth. In the second trimester, oligohydramnios due to renal agenesis makes the diagnosis of sirenomelia difficult. Conversely, in the first trimester, the amniotic fluid volume is usually normal, unrelated to the fetal urine production. Therefore, a first-trimester or early second trimester anatomic survey of the fetus is proposed as preferable and more accurate for the diagnosis of this rare anomaly. In this article, we report a case of sirenomelia detected by two- and three-dimensional ultrasound in the 11th week of gestation and the associated literature is discussed.

Sonographically guided deep plantar fascia injections: where does the injectate go?

Science.gov (United States)

Maida, Eugene; Presley, James C; Murthy, Naveen; Pawlina, Wojciech; Smith, Jay

2013-08-01

To determine the distribution of sonographically guided deep plantar fascia injections in an unembalmed cadaveric model. A single experienced operator completed 10 sonographically guided deep plantar fascia injections in 10 unembalmed cadaveric specimens (5 right and 5 left) obtained from 6 donors (2 male and 4 female) aged 49 to 95 years (mean, 77.5 years) with a mean body mass index of 23.2 kg/m(2) (range, 18.4-26.3 kg/m(2)). A 12-3-MHz linear array transducer was used to direct a 22-gauge, 38-mm stainless steel needle deep to the plantar fascia at the anterior aspect of the calcaneus using an in-plane, medial-to-lateral approach. In each case, 1.5 mL of 50% diluted colored latex was injected deep to the plantar fascia. After a minimum of 72 hours, study coinvestigators dissected each specimen to assess injectate placement. All 10 injections accurately placed latex adjacent to the deep side of the plantar fascia at the anterior calcaneus. However, the flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) origin from the plantar fascia variably limited direct latex contact with the plantar fascia, and small amounts of latex interdigitated with the FDB origin in 90% (9 of 10). In all 10 specimens, latex also covered the traversing first branch of the lateral plantar nerve (FBLPN, ie, Baxter nerve) between the FDB and quadratus plantae muscles. No latex was found in the plantar fat pad or plantar fascia in any specimen. Sonographically guided deep plantar fascia injections reliably deliver latex deep to the plantar fascia while avoiding intrafascial injection. However, the extent of direct plantar fascia contact is variable due to the intervening FDB. On the contrary, the traversing FBLPN is reliably covered by the injection. Deep plantar fascia injections may have a role in the management of refractory plantar fasciitis, particularly following failed superficial perifascial or intrafascial injections, in cases of preferential deep plantar fascia involvement, or when entrapment

Miscarriage after sonographic confirmation of an ongoing pregnancy in women with moderate and severe obesity.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

O'Dwyer, Vicky

2012-01-01

To compare the incidence of spontaneous miscarriage in women with moderate to severe obesity to that in women with a normal BMI after sonographic confirmation of the foetal heart rate in the first trimester.

A ?snapshot? of the visual search behaviours of medical sonographers

OpenAIRE

Carrigan, Ann J; Brennan, Patrick C; Pietrzyk, Mariusz; Clarke, Jillian; Chekaluk, Eugene

2015-01-01

Abstract Introduction: Visual search is a task that humans perform in everyday life. Whether it involves looking for a pen on a desk or a mass in a mammogram, the cognitive and perceptual processes that underpin these tasks are identical. Radiologists are experts in visual search of medical images and studies on their visual search behaviours have revealed some interesting findings with regard to diagnostic errors. In Australia, within the modality of ultrasound, sonographers perform the diag...

Sonographic measurements of the achilles tendon, plantar fascia, and heel fat pad are reliable

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Johannsen, Finn E; Jensen, Signe; Stallknecht, Sandra E

2016-01-01

PURPOSE: To determine intra- and interobserver reliability and precision of sonographic (US) scanning in measuring thickness of the Achilles tendon, plantar fascia, and heel fat pad in patients with heel pain. METHODS: Seventeen consecutive patients referred with heel pain were included. Two...

The Prevalence of and Risk Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders among Sonographers in Central China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Science.gov (United States)

Feng, Qingmin; Liu, Shenglin; Yang, Lei; Xie, Mingxing

2016-01-01

Objective Studies from industrialized countries show that musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) occur commonly in sonographers. However, little is known about sonographers in China, where the awareness of ergonomics and MSD, workload, and available equipment/facilities may differ. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of MSD and associated risk factors in sonographers in central China. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 381 sonographers from 14 randomly selected tertiary hospitals in Hubei province, central China. Musculoskeletal symptoms (using the Nordic Questionnaire) and risk factors (mostly derived from the Health Benefit Trust survey instrument and the Dutch Musculoskeletal Questionnaire) were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression was used to quantify associations between risk factors and MSD. Results The 12-month period prevalence of MSD was 98.3%, being highest in the neck (93.5%) and shoulder (92.2%), followed by the lower back (83.2%), wrist/hand, upper back, and elbow. Factors contributing to neck pain were psychological fatigue, shoulder abduction and trunk bend-and-twist posture. Height-adjustable tables and chairs were protective factors. Shoulder pain was associated with female sex, health status, mental stress, shoulder abduction, and trunk bend-and-twist posture. Height-adjustable chairs and the awareness of adjusting the workstation before scanning were protective factors. Elbow pain was associated with health status and height-adjustable tables. Wrist/hand pain was associated with female sex, bending the wrist, and working with obese patients. Upper back pain was associated with shoulder abduction, height-adjustable chairs, and device location. Lower back pain was associated with the number of scans performed per day, awkward postures, bending the trunk, twisting or bending the neck forward, and using a footrest. Conclusions This study suggests a high prevalence of MSD in sonographers in central China. Hence, it is necessary to

Sonographic changes of liver and gallbladder in acute viral hepatitis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ebrahimi Daryani N

2001-07-01

Full Text Available Hepatomegaly, decrease in the liver paranchymal echo and increase in the gallbladder wall thickness has been shown in acute viral hepatitis. The present study was done to determine sonographic changes in acute viral hepatitis. We performed liver and bile ducts sonography and specific tests on 42 patients (mean age: 31.5 and 61% male with acute viral hepatitis. Gallbladder wall thickness was seen in 45.2% and hepatomegaly in 33.3% of patients and liver paranchymal echo was decreased in 19.3%. Age, sex, type of hepatitis, cholecystitis like symptoms, aspartate aminotransfrase, alanine aminotransfrase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin did not significantly corralate with these changes. Only raised prothrombin time was strongly correlated to the thickening of the gallbladder and decrease in the liver paranchymal echo and cholesistic like symptoms we can postulate that thickening of the gallbladder and decrease in the liver paranchymal echo is not dependent on the severity and speed of the paranchymal necrosis (as considered with ALT and AST but they depend on the liver function disturbance (as considered with PT because the thickening of the gall bladder is present in 45% of the patients and 10% of the normal population have gallbladder stones, one should not perform the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis, only on the basis of sonographic report without attention to the clinical and laboratory data.

Sonographic and Anatomic Description of the Subtalar Joint

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mandl, Peter; Bong, David; Balint, Peter V

2018-01-01

Our study provides a detailed anatomic and sonographic description of the subtalar joint, a single joint that, anatomically, is divided into the anterior subtalar joint (ASTJ) and the posterior subtalar joint (PSTJ). Cadaver specimens of the ankle and foot were examined in detail by ultrasound (US......), and the subtalar joints of all the specimens were injected with colored latex of a contrasting color under US guidance. Compatible with other studies, examination of the sections revealed lack of communication between the ASTJ and the PSTJ and communication between the PSTJ and the posterior recess...... of agreement between images acquired in cadaver specimens and images acquired in four centers using healthy patients....

Multi-modality imaging review of congenital abnormalities of kidney and upper urinary tract.

Science.gov (United States)

Ramanathan, Subramaniyan; Kumar, Devendra; Khanna, Maneesh; Al Heidous, Mahmoud; Sheikh, Adnan; Virmani, Vivek; Palaniappan, Yegu

2016-02-28

Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) include a wide range of abnormalities ranging from asymptomatic ectopic kidneys to life threatening renal agenesis (bilateral). Many of them are detected in the antenatal or immediate postnatal with a significant proportion identified in the adult population with varying degree of severity. CAKUT can be classified on embryological basis in to abnormalities in the renal parenchymal development, aberrant embryonic migration and abnormalities of the collecting system. Renal parenchymal abnormalities include multi cystic dysplastic kidneys, renal hypoplasia, number (agenesis or supernumerary), shape and cystic renal diseases. Aberrant embryonic migration encompasses abnormal location and fusion anomalies. Collecting system abnormalities include duplex kidneys and Pelvi ureteric junction obstruction. Ultrasonography (US) is typically the first imaging performed as it is easily available, non-invasive and radiation free used both antenatally and postnatally. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful to confirm the ultrasound detected abnormality, detection of complex malformations, demonstration of collecting system and vascular anatomy and more importantly for early detection of complications like renal calculi, infection and malignancies. As CAKUT are one of the leading causes of end stage renal disease, it is important for the radiologists to be familiar with the varying imaging appearances of CAKUT on US, CT and MRI, thereby helping in prompt diagnosis and optimal management.

[Prenatal diagnosis of sirenomelia].

Science.gov (United States)

Ladure, H; D'hervé, D; Loget, P; Poulain, P

2006-04-01

Sirenomelia sequence associates a fusion of inferior legs with renal anomalies until bilateral agenesis. It is a rare and lethal polymalformation. The purpose of the ultrasonographic study is to identify the sirenomelia as early as possible during pregnancy and to differentiate it from caudal regression syndrome. A case of sirenomelia diagnosed early is reported together with a review of the literature. The ultrasonographic diagnosis, associated defects, the interest of color Doppler study of abdominal vasculature are discussed. Antenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis should be obtained as early as possible, before 20th gestational week at the latest. Color Doppler is helpful to confirm the diagnosis in case of bilateral renal agenesis. The main differences between sirenomelia and caudal regression syndrome (which requires a very different genetic counselling) are summarized in a table.

Real-time video streaming of sonographic clips using domestic internet networks and free videoconferencing software.

Science.gov (United States)

Liteplo, Andrew S; Noble, Vicki E; Attwood, Ben H C

2011-11-01

As the use of point-of-care sonography spreads, so too does the need for remote expert over-reading via telesonogrpahy. We sought to assess the feasibility of using familiar, widespread, and cost-effective existent technology to allow remote over-reading of sonograms in real time and to compare 4 different methods of transmission and communication for both the feasibility of transmission and image quality. Sonographic video clips were transmitted using 2 different connections (WiFi and 3G) and via 2 different videoconferencing modalities (iChat [Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA] and Skype [Skype Software Sàrl, Luxembourg]), for a total of 4 different permutations. The clips were received at a remote location and recorded and then scored by expert reviewers for image quality, resolution, and detail. Wireless transmission of sonographic clips was feasible in all cases when WiFi was used and when Skype was used over a 3G connection. Images transmitted via a WiFi connection were statistically superior to those transmitted via 3G in all parameters of quality (average P = .031), and those sent by iChat were superior to those sent by Skype but not statistically so (average P = .057). Wireless transmission of sonographic video clips using inexpensive hardware, free videoconferencing software, and domestic Internet networks is feasible with retention of image quality sufficient for interpretation. WiFi transmission results in greater image quality than transmission by a 3G network.

Fetal sonographic characteristics associated with shoulder dystocia in pregnancies of women with type 1 diabetes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Secher, Anna L; Bytoft, Birgitte; Tabor, Ann

2015-01-01

AND METHODS: Twelve cases (5%) of shoulder dystocia among 241 consecutive vaginal deliveries in women with type 1 diabetes followed at Rigshospitalet University Hospital in 2009-2013 were retrospectively identified in a local database. Fetal sonographic and clinical data were compared with 69 women with type......INTRODUCTION: Shoulder dystocia is a rare but severe complication of vaginal delivery and diabetic women are at high risk. The aim of this study was to identify fetal sonographic and maternal glycemic characteristics associated with shoulder dystocia in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes. MATERIAL...... 1 diabetes and uncomplicated vaginal deliveries. RESULTS: Women experiencing shoulder dystocia compared with women with uncomplicated deliveries had a higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in early pregnancy [median 7.0% (range 5.9-8.1) vs. 6.6% (range 5.4-10.0, P = 0.04)], whereas in late pregnancy...

Complications of ventriculoperitoneal shunt in hydrocephalic children

African Journals Online (AJOL)

on the right inguinal and lumber regions were found. His laboratory ... bowel loops with air–fluid levels and left renal agenesis. The peritoneal ... computed tomography of the brain to assess change in ventricular size .... Laparoscopic versus.

Sonographic findings in complications in cystic echinococcosis. [CT findings for comparison

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gueckel, C.; Beyer, D.; Lorenz, R.; Stelzner, M.

1987-07-01

Apart from the difficult differential diagnosis of hydatid liver disease, diagnostic problems may increase in chronic disease because of complications. Compression or infiltration of bile ducts is the most common complication occuring in 16%. Other complications are infiltration of adjacent organs and structures, for instance the right kidney and the diaphragm, or the (often iatrogenic) rupture of hydatid cysts with intraperitoneal spread. Preoperative sonographic diagnosis is important in influencing the surgical procedure.

Renal transplant failure due to urologic complications: Comparison of static fluid with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance urography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blondin, D. [University Hospital Duesseldorf, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225 Duesseldorf (Germany)], E-mail: blondin@med.uni-duesseldorf.de; Koester, A.; Andersen, K.; Kurz, K.D.; Moedder, U.; Cohnen, M. [University Hospital Duesseldorf, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225 Duesseldorf (Germany)

2009-02-15

Purpose: Postrenal reasons of renal transplant failure can be assessed by magnetic resonance urography. This study was designed to retrospectively compare the diagnostic accuracy of static fluid (T2-)MRU compared to contrast enhanced (CE-)MRU in patients with renal transplant failure. Material and methods: Thirty-five consecutive patients (14 female, 21 men; mean age 48.6 years) with renal transplant failure and sonographically detected hydronephrosis were examined both with T2-MRU as well as CE-MRU resulting in 39 MRU examinations. MRU was performed both using T2-weighted HASTE-sequence (T2-MRU) as well as Gadolinium-enhanced 3D-FLASH-sequence (CE-MRU) on a 1.5-T clinical MRI scanner (Magnetom Vision, Siemens Medical Solutions). Subjective image quality of resulting maximum intensity projection was assessed in consensus by two readers blinded to the final diagnosis, using a five point scale. MRU findings were correlated to sonography, operative results or clinical follow up. Results: CE-MRU yielded a sensitivity of 85.7% (T2-MRU 76.2%), and a specificity of 83.3% (T2-MRU: 73.7%), however statistical significance was not reached. The subjective image quality was significantly better in CE-MRU. Conclusions: Only concerning subjective image quality CE-MRU proved superior to T2-MRU. Yet, there was no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy between T2- and CE-MRU. Thinking of incipient nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, T2-MRU can be used as reliable alternative in patients with decreased renal transplant function due to urological complications.

Renal transplant failure due to urologic complications: Comparison of static fluid with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance urography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blondin, D.; Koester, A.; Andersen, K.; Kurz, K.D.; Moedder, U.; Cohnen, M.

2009-01-01

Purpose: Postrenal reasons of renal transplant failure can be assessed by magnetic resonance urography. This study was designed to retrospectively compare the diagnostic accuracy of static fluid (T2-)MRU compared to contrast enhanced (CE-)MRU in patients with renal transplant failure. Material and methods: Thirty-five consecutive patients (14 female, 21 men; mean age 48.6 years) with renal transplant failure and sonographically detected hydronephrosis were examined both with T2-MRU as well as CE-MRU resulting in 39 MRU examinations. MRU was performed both using T2-weighted HASTE-sequence (T2-MRU) as well as Gadolinium-enhanced 3D-FLASH-sequence (CE-MRU) on a 1.5-T clinical MRI scanner (Magnetom Vision, Siemens Medical Solutions). Subjective image quality of resulting maximum intensity projection was assessed in consensus by two readers blinded to the final diagnosis, using a five point scale. MRU findings were correlated to sonography, operative results or clinical follow up. Results: CE-MRU yielded a sensitivity of 85.7% (T2-MRU 76.2%), and a specificity of 83.3% (T2-MRU: 73.7%), however statistical significance was not reached. The subjective image quality was significantly better in CE-MRU. Conclusions: Only concerning subjective image quality CE-MRU proved superior to T2-MRU. Yet, there was no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy between T2- and CE-MRU. Thinking of incipient nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, T2-MRU can be used as reliable alternative in patients with decreased renal transplant function due to urological complications

Computer tomographic and sonographic diagnosis of echinococcus

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schulze, K.; Huebener, K.H.; Klott, K.; Jenss, H.; Baehr, R. (Tuebingen Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Medizinisches Strahleninstitut und Roentgenabteilung; Tuebingen Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Medizinische Klinik; Tuebingen Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik)

1980-05-01

In 33 patients (18 cystic echinococci, 15 alveolar) both methods produced the following findings which could be correlated with the pathological results: single or multi-centric lesions, sharp or indefinite demarkation and abnormalities in the shape and size of the liver. The sonographic findings were analysed with respect to the echo characteristics, whereas the computer tomographically demonstrated lesions were examined densitometrically in order to show calcification. Both methods demonstrate the pathological changes satisfactorily. Computer tomography is more effective in alveolar echinococcus lesions by showing the different types of calcification, whereas sonography provides a more accurate picture of the internal structure of the cysts in cystic echinococcus. Comparison of the methods in 19 patients examined by both showed a high accuracy in each method, but sonography was relatively poor in demonstrating lesions in the spleen.

Sonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lubna F Husain

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Lung sonography has rapidly emerged as a reliable technique in the evaluation of various thoracic diseases. One important, well-established application is the diagnosis of a pneumothorax. Prompt and accurate diagnosis of a pneumothorax in the management of a critical patient can prevent the progression into a life-threatening situation. Sonographic signs, including ′lung sliding′, ′B-lines′ or ′comet tail artifacts′, ′A-lines′, and ′the lung point sign′ can help in the diagnosis of a pneumothorax. Ultrasound has a higher sensitivity than the traditional upright anteroposterior chest radiography (CXR for the detection of a pneumothorax. Small occult pneumothoraces may be missed on CXR during a busy trauma scenario, and CXR may not always be feasible in critically ill patients. Computed tomography, the gold standard for the detection of pneumothorax, requires patients to be transported out of the clinical area, compromising their hemodynamic stability and delaying the diagnosis. As ultrasound machines have become more portable and easier to use, lung sonography now allows a rapid evaluation of an unstable patient, at the bedside. These advantages combined with the low cost and ease of use, have allowed thoracic sonography to become a useful modality in many clinical settings.

High Expression of Pitx-2 in the ICAT-deficient Metanephros Leads to Developmental Arrest

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hasegawa, Yoshimi; Iizuka-Kogo, Akiko; Akiyama, Tetsu; Senda, Takao

2010-01-01

ICAT (Inhibitor of β-catenin and T cell factor) inhibits the interaction between β-catenin and TCF/LEF transcription factor and serves as a negative regulator of Wnt signaling. In a subset of ICAT knockout mice, significant delay in the ureteric bud branching and renal agenesis are observed. In order to examine the process of this developmental defect, molecular changes were analyzed in fetal ICAT–/– kidneys with a focus on Wnt-signaling associated factors. The protein level of active β-catenin was elevated in ICAT–/– kidneys. DNA microarray and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the expression of a Wnt target gene Pitx-2 was enhanced in ICAT–/– kidneys. There was no genotypic difference in the expression level of another Wnt target gene, c-Ret. These results suggest that the enhancement of Pitx-2 expression induced by activated Wnt signaling leads to delays in ureteric bud branching and subsequent renal agenesis. In the ICAT–/– kidneys which developed to E18.5 without any apparent defect, renal glomeruli, convoluted tubules and collecting ducts were decreased in density and showed abnormal structure. ICAT may be required for various developmental stages during renal development

Agenesis of internal carotid artery associated with isolated growth hormone deficiency: a case report and literature review.

Science.gov (United States)

Stagi, Stefano; Traficante, Giovanna; Lapi, Elisabetta; Pantaleo, Marilena; Becciani, Sabrina; Mortilla, Marzia; Seminara, Salvatore; de Martino, Maurizio

2015-10-19

Agenesis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is a rare congenital abnormality, sporadically reported to be associated with a combined congenital hypopituitarism. Nevertheless, only a few cases have been extensively described, and none of these have been characterized by an isolated growth hormone (GH) deficiency. Here, we describe a 17-year old boy referred to our hospital for fatigue, decreased muscle strength and severe headache reported after the cessation of rhGH treatment for a GH deficiency diagnosed at the age of 2 years and 3 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an adenohypophyseal hypoplasia with a lack of posterior pituitary hyperintensity, whereas MRI angiography indicated the absence of a normal flow void in the left ICA. Endocrinological tests confirmed the GH deficiency (GH peak after growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) + arginine: 2.42 ng/mL) with a very low IGF-I value (31 ng/mL) and normal function of other pituitary axes. To the best of our knowledge this is the first confirmed case of an isolated GH deficiency in a patient with ICA agenesis. The presence of an isolated pituitary deficit is unlike to be considered only as an effect of hemodynamic mechanism, suggesting a role for genetic factor(s) as a common cause of these two rare birth defects. Further studies could clarify this issue and the underlying mechanisms to better understand the etiopathogenetic characteristics of this disorder.

Sonographic Appearance of Abdominal Wall at the Left Flank of Laparotomy Incision Site in Ettawah Grade Does

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. F. Ulum

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to describe the sonographic appearance of abdominal wall at the left flank of laparotomy incision site in 11 mated Ettawah grade does. Brightness-mode ultrasound examination by using transducer with frequency of 5.0-6.0 MHz was conducted to grouping the does based on their pregnancy statuses. The incision site of the abdominal wall at left flank laparotomy was transcutaneous-scanned as long as 8 cm vertically. The sonographic appearance of the laparotomy wall thickness showed that in all groups of does were similar and not different statistically. The thickness of oblique external and oblique internal abdominal muscles increased in the pregnant does as compared to non-pregnant does (P<0.05.

Tracheal Atresia with Segmental Esophageal Duplication: An Unusual Anatomic Arrangement.

Science.gov (United States)

Gaerty, Kirsten; Thomas, Joseph T; Petersen, Scott; Tan, Edwin; Kumar, Sailesh; Gardener, Glenn; Armes, Jane

2016-01-01

An unusual anatomic configuration of segmental tracheal agenesis/atresia with esophageal duplication on autopsy in a fetus that demised in utero at 29 weeks is reported. The mother was scanned initially for a cardiac anomaly at 20 weeks and on follow-up scan at 27 weeks had polyhydramnios and underwent amnioreduction. The final autopsy diagnosis was vertebral, ano-rectal, cardiac, tracheoesophageal, renal, and limb malformations (VACTERL). We discuss the autopsy findings along with the embryological mechanisms and compare the configuration with Floyd's classification for tracheal agenesis. The difficulties in prenatal diagnosis are discussed.

Vascularity and grey-scale sonographic features of normal cervical lymph nodes: variations with nodal size

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ying, Michael; Ahuja, Anil; Brook, Fiona; Metreweli, Constantine

2001-01-01

AIM: This study was undertaken to investigate variations in the vascularity and grey-scale sonographic features of cervical lymph nodes with their size. MATERIALS AND METHODS: High resolution grey-scale sonography and power Doppler sonography were performed in 1133 cervical nodes in 109 volunteers who had a sonographic examination of the neck. Standardized parameters were used in power Doppler sonography. RESULTS: About 90% of lymph nodes with a maximum transverse diameter greater than 5 mm showed vascularity and an echogenic hilus. Smaller nodes were less likely to show vascularity and an echogenic hilus. As the size of the lymph nodes increased, the intranodal blood flow velocity increased significantly (P 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide a baseline for grey-scale and power Doppler sonography of normal cervical lymph nodes. Sonologists will find varying vascularity and grey-scale appearances when encountering nodes of different sizes. Ying, M. et al. (2001)

Agenesis of the internal carotid artery with a trans-sellar anastomosis: CT and MRI findings in late-onset congenital hypopituitarism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mellado, J.M.; Merino, X.; Ramos, A.; Salvado, E.; Sauri, A.

2001-01-01

A 29-year-old woman with a history of hypothyroidism since early childhood developed hypopituitarism. CT and MRI revealed anterior pituitary hypoplasia, an ectopic posterior lobe, a Chiari I malformation and agenesis of the right internal carotid artery with a trans-sellar anastomosis. This constellation of findings constitutes a previously unreported association in congenital hypopituitarism of late onset. The usefulness of imaging modalities and the pathogenic implications are also discussed. (orig.)

The amniotic band syndrome: antenatal sonographic diagnosis and potential pitfalls.

Science.gov (United States)

Mahony, B S; Filly, R A; Callen, P W; Golbus, M S

1985-05-01

Amniotic band syndrome causes a variety of fetal malformations involving the limbs, craniofacial region, and trunk. Six prenatally diagnosed cases of amniotic band syndrome are discussed. The diagnosis was based on sonographic visualization of either amniotic sheets or bands associated with fetal deformation or deformities in nonembryologic distributions known to characterize the amniotic band syndrome. Seven additional cases are considered in which an aberrant sheet of tissue with a free edge was visualized within the amniotic cavity but no restriction of fetal motion or subsequent deformity was demonstrated.

Chronic Liver Disease : Value of Sonographic Study of the Liver Surface

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chung, Jae Joon; Kim, Myeong Jin; Han, Kwang Hyub; Chon, Chae Yoon; Yoo, Hyung Sik; Lee, Jong Tae; Kim, Ki Whang

1995-01-01

To evaluate the diagnostic value of sonographic irregularities of liver surface in the differentiation of chronic liver disease. Fifty-eight patients with either chronic hepatitis or early stage of liver cirrhosis were examined with 5 MHz linear array transducer by observing the liver surface.We compared the sonographic findings with peritoneoscopic and pathologic findings. Thirty-five patients with smooth surface showed variable pathological results, including chronic active and persistent hepatitis, inactive hepatitis and alcoholic hepatitis without any evidence of cirrhosis. Nineteen patients with micronodules mostly revealed chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis. All 4 patients with macronodules were proved pathologically ascirrhosis. High resolution ultrasonography(HRUS) showed smooth liver surface in 35 patients(60.3%),micronodular surface in l9(32.8%), and macronodular surface in 4 (6.9%). Twenty-one cases(60.0%) among 35 patients with smooth surface were peritoneoscopically normal and 12 cases(34.3%) showed dimpling surface. However among l9 patients with micronodular surface, only 5 cases(26.3%) showed micronodular surface on peritoneoscopy. while 8 cases(42.l%) showed nracronodular surface and 6 cases(3l.6%) dimpling surface. All 4 patients with macronodulesrevealed peritoneoscopically nracronodular surface. Observation of liver surface by HRUS was useful in predicting the progression of chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis. However, it was not helpful in the differentiation between normal liver and chronic hepatrtrs

Combined value of Virtual Touch tissue quantification and conventional sonographic features for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules smaller than 10 mm.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Huiping; Shi, Qiusheng; Gu, Jiying; Jiang, Luying; Bai, Min; Liu, Long; Wu, Ying; Du, Lianfang

2014-02-01

This study aimed to investigate the value of sonographic features including Virtual Touch tissue quantification (VTQ; Siemens Medical Solutions, Mountain View, CA) for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules smaller than 10 mm. Seventy-one thyroid nodules smaller than 10 mm with pathologic diagnoses were included in this study. The conventional sonographic features and quantitative elasticity features (VTQ) were observed and compared between benign and malignant nodules. There were 39 benign and 32 malignant nodules according to histopathologic examination. When compared with benign nodules, malignant nodules were more frequently taller than wide, poorly defined, and markedly hypoechoic (P benign and malignant nodules. The VTQ value for malignant nodules (mean ± SD 3.260 ± 0.725 m/s) was significantly higher than that of benign ones (2.108 ± 0.455 m/s; P benign and malignant thyroid nodules smaller than 10 mm. When VTQ was combined with B-mode sonographic features, the sensitivity was improved significantly.

Three-dimensional sonographic measurement of normal fetal brain volume during the second half of pregnancy

NARCIS (Netherlands)

N.M. Roelfsema; W.C.J. Hop (Wim); S.M. Boito; J.W. Wladimiroff (Juriy)

2004-01-01

textabstractObjectives: This study was undertaken to develop a three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound method of measuring fetal brain volume. Study design: Serial 3D sonographic measurements of fetal brain volume were made in 68 normal singleton pregnancies at 18 to 34 weeks of gestation. A comparison

Utility of urine cytology in evaluating hematuria with sonographically suspected bladder lesion in patients older than 50 years

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hussam Eldin Helmy Mady

2014-01-01

Conclusion: Hematuria in patients older than 50 years with sonographically suspected bladder lesion mandates cystoscopy and biopsy. UC does not add more significant information in this group of patients.

Sonographic findings predictive of central lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma: influence of associated chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis on the diagnostic performance of sonography.

Science.gov (United States)

Yoo, Yeon Hwa; Kim, Jeong-Ah; Son, Eun Ju; Youk, Ji Hyun; Kwak, Jin Young; Kim, Eun-Kyung; Park, Cheong Soo

2013-12-01

To analyze sonographic findings suggesting central lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma and to evaluate the influence of associated chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis on the diagnostic performance of sonography for predicting central lymph node metastasis. A total of 124 patients (101 female and 23 male; mean age, 47.5 years; range, 21-74 years) underwent sonographically guided fine-needle aspiration in central lymph nodes from January 2008 to July 2011. Sonographic features of size, shape, margin, thickening of the cortex, cortical echogenicity, presence of a hilum, cystic changes, calcification, and vascularity of enlarged lymph nodes were analyzed before fine-needle aspiration and classified into 2 categories (probably benign and suspicious). Sonographic findings were correlated with the pathologic diagnosis and associated chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic performance of sonography for predicting central lymph node metastasis according to the associated thyroiditis. Fifty-one lymph nodes (39.5%) were malignant, and 73 (60.5%) were benign. On univariate analysis, size, shape, margin, cortical thickening, cortical echogenicity, cystic changes, calcification, and vascularity were significantly different between the benign and metastatic nodes (P thyroiditis-positive patients and 0.971 (95% CI, 0.938-1.000) in negative patients. Eccentric cortical thickening and cortical hyperechogenicity were the sonographic findings predictive of central lymph node metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma. The diagnostic performance of sonography for predicting metastasis was superior in chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis-negative patients than in positive patients.

Echinococcus cysticus of the liver - sonographic pattern suggestive of solid tumor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grosser, G.; Hauenstein, K.H.; Henke, W.

1985-01-01

In a patient with Hodgkin's disease, an intrahepatic echodense mass was diagnosed incidentally by ultrasonography. The sonographic pattern suggested a solid tumor. Despite negative or borderline serology, computed tomography establised the diagnosis of echinococcus cysticus by documentation of one ''daughter'' cyst; this diagnosis was confirmed by surgery. The criteria of echinococcus cysticus in modern imaging methods like sonography and computed tomography are summarized and the diagnostic value of various procedures including diagnostic procedure in seronegative cases are discussed. (orig.) [de

Sonographic monitoring of complications and anomalies in twin gestations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coleman, B.G.; Grumbach, K.; Arger, P.H.; Mintz, M.C.; Arenson, R.L.; Mennuti, M.T.; Gabbe, S.G.

1986-01-01

One hundred sixty-eight twin gestations were evaluated to assess the role of US in the diagnosis of obstetric complications and anomalies. US revealed the following complications: symptomatic polyhydramnios (eight cases), myomas (seven), placenta previa (three), and abruption (five). Fetal anomalies included twin-twin transfusion syndrome (two), acardiac anomaly (two), chromosomal abnormality (two), anencephaly (one), hydrocephaly (one), and conjoined twins (two). In 26 gestations intrauterine fetal demise or neonatal death involved one or both twins for a total of 42 deaths, constituting a mortality of 12.5%. No maternal deaths occurred. The impact of sonographic monitoring on the obstetric management of twin gestations is emphasized

CT and sonographic characteristics of lymphangioma of the retoperitoneum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Davidson, A.J.; Hartman, D.S.

1989-01-01

This paper reports on CT (N = 14) used to localize lymphangioma as perirenal (N = 6), pararenal (N = 7), or pelvic (N = 1). Two arose in viscera, the adrenal, and bladder. Eight were unicameral, and six were multiloculated. Septa and walls were thick in 12. Attenuation varied from chyle to soft tissue. Sonography (N = 18) was used to characterize lymphangioma as unicameral (N = 7) or multilocular (N = 11). Septa were thick in 10 of 11 multiloculated lesions. Fluid was uncomplicated, contained dependent debris, or formed elements. Six extended across several boundaries. The authors' results show distinctive CT and sonographic features that helped to differentiate lymphangioma from other retroperitoneal masses

Sonographic evaluation of complications in patients with peritoneal dialysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yoo, Won Don; Jho, O. K.; Kim, J. S.; Ko, B. H.; Park, H. C.

1990-01-01

Ultrasonography was performed prospectively in 20 patients who were undergoing continuous ambullatory peritoneal dialysis for evaluation of complications. We examined the abdominal wall along the course of catheter and the peritoneal cavity with special attention to the dialysate distribution, dialysate echogenecity, thickness of the peritoneum small bowel distribution and the position of the catheter tip. Peritonitis was the most common complication (n=7); sonographic findings were small bowel adhesion (n=5) multiseptated ascites(n=1), peritoneal thickening(n=4), and tunnel infection(n=1) and exith site infection(n=1). Our initial experience suggests that ultrasonography is useful for diagnosis of complications and monitoring of patient during long term peritoneal dialysis

Therapeutic effectiveness and safety parathyroid adenoma ablation with percutaneous ethanol injection under sonographic guidance in patients with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism refractory to medical treatment; Efectividad terapeutica y seguridad de la ablacion de adenomas paratiroideos con inyeccion percutanea de etanol bajo guia ecografica en pacientes con hiperparatiroidismo secundario refractario a tratamiento medico con insuficiencia renal cronica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Nubila, Eduardo; Vega, Jose; Luz, Garcia; Murillo, Marlyn; Mercado, Jaime

2010-07-01

Secondary hyperparathyroidism unresponsive to medical treatment is a common complication in patients with chronic renal failure and prolonged dialysis therapy, which requires surgery of the parathyroid glands, with the risks and costs of surgery. Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of ablation of parathyroid adenomas by percutaneous ethanol injection under ultrasound guidance. Method: After approval by the institutional medical ethics committee, informed written consent was obtained in 15 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Sonographically guided ethanol was injected consecutively into adenomas, with an interval of time less than six months. Results: Size, Doppler vascularity of adenomas, and the levels of parathyroid hormone, calcium and phosphorus were measured before and after ablation as criteria for treatment response in 15 patients. Of all patients, six (40%) had no therapeutic response. Therapeutic response was observed in nine patients (60%). In the latter group, five patients (33.3%) had successful response and symptomatic improvement, in two patients (13.3%), therapeutic response was suboptimal, and in two patients (13.3%), the response was unsatisfactory. The procedure was safe. Local pain, transient dysphonia and cough were considered minor complications and were the most common, with resolution in all cases. There were no major complications. Conclusion: Ablation of parathyroid adenomas with percutaneous ethanol injection and ultrasound guidance, in uremic patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism unresponsive to medical treatment is an effective and safe therapy. Studies involving more patients and longer follow up are needed in order to stablish more conclusive results

[Obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly: unusual cause of piocolpos. Report a case and review of literature ].

Science.gov (United States)

Cortés-Contreras, Diana Karen; Juárez-Cruz, Patricio Manuel; Vázquez-Flores, José; Vázquez-Flores, Al David

2014-10-01

OHVIRA (Obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly) by acronym and abbreviations in English or Herlyn Werner Wunderlich syndrome is a rare congenital malformation caused by an alteration in the Mullerian ducts and Wolffian Ducts. Which is characterized by a triad: uterus didelphys, obstructed and ipsilateral renal agenesis hemivagina still uncertain etiology. Patients are usually asymptomatic until menarche where the most common clinical presentation is pelvic pain, followed by a vaginal or abdominal mass, normal menstrual periods, infertility, and vaginal discharge rarely appears. The case of a female patient of 15 years, nubile with chronic fetid vaginal discharge, initially diagnosed and treated as pelvic inflammatory disease occurs, however because it is an exceptional condition with the background of the patient, by complementary studies were conducted where pelvic ultrasound revealed pyocolpos and absence of left kidney, uterus didelphys, blind hemivagina by other imaging studies, where we could integrate Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome. In conclusion, abnormalities in the development of the Miillerian ducts are difficult to diagnose early, so you must have the embryological knowledge, conduct thorough clinical assessment and detailed picture in whom the coridition is suspected to identify malformations coexisting urinary tract and vaginal defects with the importance of preserving reproductive success through appropriate planning of surgical approach, given that the fertility rate in these patients is comparable to the average.

Normal sonographic anatomy of the abdomen of coatis (Nasua nasua Linnaeus 1766).

Science.gov (United States)

Ribeiro, Rejane G; Costa, Ana Paula A; Bragato, Nathália; Fonseca, Angela M; Duque, Juan C M; Prado, Tales D; Silva, Andrea C R; Borges, Naida C

2013-06-23

The use of ultrasound in veterinary medicine is widespread as a diagnostic supplement in the clinical routine of small animals, but there are few reports in wild animals. The objective of this study was to describe the anatomy, topography and abdominal sonographic features of coatis. The urinary bladder wall measured 0.11 ± 0.03 cm. The symmetrical kidneys were in the left and right cranial quadrant of the abdomen and the cortical, medullary and renal pelvis regions were recognized and in all sections. The medullary rim sign was visualized in the left kidney of two coatis. The liver had homogeneous texture and was in the cranial abdomen under the rib cage. The gallbladder, rounded and filled with anechoic content was visualized in all coatis, to the right of the midline. The spleen was identified in the left cranial abdomen following the greater curvature of the stomach. The parenchyma was homogeneous and hyperechogenic compared to the liver and kidney cortex. The stomach was in the cranial abdomen, limited cranially by the liver and caudo-laterally by the spleen. The left adrenal glands of five coatis were seen in the cranial pole of the left kidney showing hypoechogenic parenchyma without distinction of cortex and medulla. The pancreas was visualized in only two coatis. The left ovary (0.92 cm x 0.56 cm) was visualized on a single coati in the caudal pole of the kidney. The uterus, right adrenal, right ovary and intestines were not visualized. Ultrasound examination of the abdomen of coatis may be accomplished by following the recommendations for dogs and cats. It is possible to evaluate the anatomical and topographical relationships of the abdominal organs together with the knowledge of the peculiarities of parenchymal echogenicity and echotexture of the viscera.

RESULTS OF DIAGNOSTICAL BLOCK OF LONG DORSAL SACROILIAC LIGAMENT UNDER SONOGRAPHIC CONTROL IN PATIENTS WITH LOW BACK PAIN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yurkovskiy A. M.

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Purpose: to improve effectiveness of diagnostic block of long dorsal sacroiliac ligament performed under sonographic control in patients with low back pain caused by pathology of this ligament. Material and methods: the research included 35 patients (average age 46,2±12,5 years with symptoms of low back pain caused by pathology of long dorsal sacroiliac ligament. Diagnostical block of the given ligament was made under ultrasound control. Results: significant pain syndrome reduction was observed in all patients with ligamentopathy of long dorsal sacroiliac ligament. Conclusion: compared to "blind" technique, long dorsal sacroiliac ligament block performed under sonographic control is a more efficient method of verification and treatment for low back pain syndrome in case of long dorsal sacroiliac ligament injury.

Comparison of mammographic and sonographic findings in typical and atypical medullary carcinomas of the breast

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yilmaz, E.; Lebe, B.; Balci, P.; Sal, S.; Canda, T.

2002-01-01

AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the contribution of mammographic and sonographic findings to the discrimination of typical and atypical histopathologic groups of medullary carcinomas of the breast. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Imaging findings were retrospectively assessed in 33 women with medullary carcinomas (15 typical medullary carcinomas and 18 atypical medullary carcinomas) identified during pre-operative mammography. Twenty-nine of these women also had ultrasound and these findings were reviewed. RESULTS: Mammography showed a well circumscribed mass in 10 of the 15 (67%) typical medullary carcinomas and in four of the 17 (24%) atypical medullary carcinomas (P < 0.02). One small tumour in a woman with atypical medullary carcinoma was missed on mammography and was shown only on sonography. Sonographically, an irregular margin surrounding the whole mass or part of it was seen in three out of 14 (21%) patients with typical medullary carcinoma and in nine out of 15 (60%) patients with atypical medullary carcinomas (P < 0.05). Posterior acoustic shadowing was more often observed in the typical medullary carcinoma group than in atypical medullary carcinoma and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). None of the other mammographic and sonographic findings were sufficiently characteristic to allow for a differentiation between two groups. CONCLUSION: When typical medullary carcinomas were compared with atypical medullary carcinomas according to imaging features, they tended to be well circumscribed masses on both mammography and sonography, and a posterior acoustic shadow was not found on sonography. However, the imaging findings in these two subgroups often resembled each other and histopathology will always be required to confirm the diagnosis. Yilmaz, E. et al. (2002)

Comparison of mammographic and sonographic findings in typical and atypical medullary carcinomas of the breast

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yilmaz, E.; Lebe, B.; Balci, P.; Sal, S.; Canda, T

2002-07-01

AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the contribution of mammographic and sonographic findings to the discrimination of typical and atypical histopathologic groups of medullary carcinomas of the breast. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Imaging findings were retrospectively assessed in 33 women with medullary carcinomas (15 typical medullary carcinomas and 18 atypical medullary carcinomas) identified during pre-operative mammography. Twenty-nine of these women also had ultrasound and these findings were reviewed. RESULTS: Mammography showed a well circumscribed mass in 10 of the 15 (67%) typical medullary carcinomas and in four of the 17 (24%) atypical medullary carcinomas (P < 0.02). One small tumour in a woman with atypical medullary carcinoma was missed on mammography and was shown only on sonography. Sonographically, an irregular margin surrounding the whole mass or part of it was seen in three out of 14 (21%) patients with typical medullary carcinoma and in nine out of 15 (60%) patients with atypical medullary carcinomas (P < 0.05). Posterior acoustic shadowing was more often observed in the typical medullary carcinoma group than in atypical medullary carcinoma and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). None of the other mammographic and sonographic findings were sufficiently characteristic to allow for a differentiation between two groups. CONCLUSION: When typical medullary carcinomas were compared with atypical medullary carcinomas according to imaging features, they tended to be well circumscribed masses on both mammography and sonography, and a posterior acoustic shadow was not found on sonography. However, the imaging findings in these two subgroups often resembled each other and histopathology will always be required to confirm the diagnosis. Yilmaz, E. et al. (2002)

Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility study of gestational age estimation using three common foetal biometric parameters: Experienced versus inexperienced sonographer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ohagwu, C.C.; Onoduagu, H.I.; Eze, C.U.; Ochie, K.; Ohagwu, C.I.

2015-01-01

Aim: To assess reproducibility of estimating gestational age (GA) of foetus using femur length (FL), biparietal diameter (BPD) and abdominal circumference (AC) within experienced and inexperienced sonographers and between the two. Patients and methods: Two sets of GA estimates each were obtained for FL, BPD and AC by the two observers in 20 normal singleton foetuses. The first estimates for the three biometric parameters were made by the experienced sonographer. Subsequently, the inexperienced sonographer, blind to the estimates of the first observer obtained his own estimates for the same biometric parameters. After a time interval of ten minutes the process was repeated for the second set of GA estimates. All the gestational age estimates were made following standard protocol. Statistical analysis was performed by Pearson's and intraclass correlations, coefficient of variation and Bland–Altman plots. Statistical inferences were drawn at p < 0.05. Results: The Pearson's and intraclass correlations of between GA estimates within and between both observers from measurement of FL, BPD and AC were very high and statistically significant (p < 0.05). Coefficient of variation for duplicate measurements for GA estimates within observers and between observers were quite negligible. Between observers, the first and second GA estimates from FL measurements showed the least variation. Estimates from BPD and AC measurements showed greater degree of variation between the observers. Conclusion: Reproducibility of GA estimation using FL, BPD and AC within experienced and inexperienced sonographers and between the two was excellent. Therefore, a fresh Nigerian radiography graduate with adequate exposure in obstetric ultrasound can correctly determine the gestational age of foetus in routine obstetric ultrasound without supervision

A sonographic lesion index for Crohn's disease helps monitor changes in transmural bowel damage during therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Zorzi, Francesca; Stasi, Elisa; Bevivino, Gerolamo; Scarozza, Patrizio; Biancone, Livia; Zuzzi, Sara; Rossi, Carla; Pallone, Francesco; Calabrese, Emma

2014-12-01

Therapeutic antibodies against tumor necrosis factor α (anti-TNF) are effective in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Mucosal healing is a surrogate marker of efficacy, but little is known about the effects of anti-TNF agents on structural damage in the intestine. Small-intestine contrast ultrasonography (SICUS) is a valuable tool for assessing CD lesions. A new sonographic quantitative index (the sonographic lesion index for CD [SLIC]) was developed to quantify changes in CD lesions detected by SICUS. We explored whether the SLIC can be used to monitor transmural bowel damage in CD patients during anti-TNF therapy. We performed a prospective study of 29 patients with ileal or ileocolonic CD treated with anti-TNF agents; patients underwent SICUS before and after scheduled induction and maintenance therapy. To determine whether changes that can be detected by SICUS occur independently of anti-TNF therapy, 7 patients with ileal CD treated with mesalamine were enrolled as controls. A clinical response was defined as steroid-free remission, with CD activity index scores less than 150. We observed significant improvements in SLIC scores and subscores after induction and maintenance therapy with anti-TNFs, compared with before therapy. SLIC scores and subscores and index classes were improved significantly in patients with vs without clinical responses. Controls had no improvements in terms of CD activity index or SLIC scores, or index classes. Sonographic assessment using the quantitative index SLIC can be used to monitor changes in transmural bowel damage during anti-TNF therapy for CD. Copyright © 2014 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Echinococcus cysticus of the liver - sonographic pattern suggestive of solid tumor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grosser, G.; Hauenstein, K.H.; Henke, W.

1985-09-01

In a patient with Hodgkin's disease, an intrahepatic echodense mass was diagnosed incidentally by ultrasonography. The sonographic pattern suggested a solid tumor. Despite negative or borderline serology, computed tomography establised the diagnosis of echinococcus cysticus by documentation of one ''daughter'' cyst; this diagnosis was confirmed by surgery. The criteria of echinococcus cysticus in modern imaging methods like sonography and computed tomography are summarized and the diagnostic value of various procedures including diagnostic procedure in seronegative cases are discussed.

Anaesthetic Management for Cataract Surgery in VACTERL Syndrome Case Report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sonal S Khatavkar

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Eight year old girl, weighing 14 kg with VACTERL syndrome V: Vertebral anomalies, A: Anal malformation, C: Cardiovascular defect, TE: Tracheal and esophageal malformation, R:Renal agenesis, L: Limb anomalies., underwent cataract surgery under general anaesthesia. She had multiple congenital anomalies like esophageal atresia, imperfo-rate anus (corrected, single kidney& radial aplasia. Anticipating problems of gastro-esophageal reflux& chronic renal failure, successful management was done.

Klippel-Feil syndrome with associated agenesis of lung and gall bladder presenting with asthma and allergic rhinitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khanna, Puneet; Panjabi, Chandramani; Shah, Ashok

2005-01-01

Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS), a triad of short neck, limitation of neck movement and low posterior hairline, is characterized by the presence of congenitally fused cervical vertebrae and is often associated with multiple congenital anomalies. A 35-year-old male was referred for evaluation of an 'opaque hemithorax'. This led to a diagnosis of KFS, agenesis of left lung and gall bladder. The patient had history of wheezing dyspnea with nasal symptoms, which were diagnosed as asthma and allergic rhinitis. A high index of suspicion is required to recognize such a patient, and efforts should be made to seek other congenital anomalies. (author)

Sonographically guided percutaneous muscle biopsy in diagnosis of neuromuscular disease: a useful alternative to open surgical biopsy.

Science.gov (United States)

O'Sullivan, Paul J; Gorman, Grainne M; Hardiman, Orla M; Farrell, Michael J; Logan, P Mark

2006-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of sonographically guided percutaneous muscle biopsy in the investigation of neuromuscular disorders. Sonographically guided percutaneous needle biopsy of skeletal muscle was performed with a 14-gauge core biopsy system in 40 patients over a 24-month period. Patients were referred from the Department of Neurology under investigation for neuromuscular disorders. Sonography was used to find suitable tissue and to avoid major vascular structures. A local anesthetic was applied below skin only. A 3- to 4-mm incision was made. Three 14-gauge samples were obtained from each patient. All samples were placed on saline-dampened gauze and sent for neuropathologic analysis. As a control, we retrospectively assessed results of the 40 most recent muscle samples acquired via open surgical biopsy. With the use of sonography, 32 (80%) of 40 patients had a histologic diagnosis made via percutaneous needle biopsy. This included 26 (93%) of 28 patients with acute muscular disease and 6 (50%) of 12 patients with chronic disease. In the surgical group (all acute disease), 38 (95%) of 40 patients had diagnostic tissue attained. Sonographically guided percutaneous 14-gauge core skeletal muscle biopsy is a useful procedure, facilitating diagnosis in acute muscular disease. It provides results comparable with those of open surgical biopsy in acute muscular disease. It may also be used in chronic muscular disease but repeated or open biopsy may be needed.

SONOGRAPHIC PREDICTION OF SCAR DEHISCENCE IN WOMEN WITH PREVIOUS CAESAREAN SECTION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shubhada Suhas Jajoo

2018-01-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Caesarean section (Sectio Caesarea is a surgical method for the completion of delivery. After various historical modifications of operative techniques, modern approach consists in the transverse dissection of the anterior wall of the uterus. The rate of vaginal birth after caesarean section was significantly reduced from year to year and the rate of repeated caesarean section is increased during the past 10 years. Evaluation of scar thickness is done by ultrasound, but it is still debatable size of thick scar that would be guiding “cut-off value” for the completion of the delivery method. To better assess the risk of uterine rupture, some authors have proposed sonographic measurement of lower uterine segment thickness near term assuming that there is an inverse correlation between LUS thickness and the risk of uterine scar defect. Therefore, this assessment for the management of women with prior CS may increase safety during labour by selecting women with the lowest risk of uterine rupture. The aim of the study is to study the diagnostic accuracy of sonographic measurements of the Lower Uterine Segment (LUS thickness near term in predicting uterine scar defects in women with prior Caesarean Section (CS. We aim to ascertain the best cut-off values for predicting uterine rupture. MATERIALS AND METHODS 100 antenatal women with history of previous one LSCS who come to attend antenatal clinic will be assessed for scar thickness by transabdominal ultrasonography and its correlation with intraoperative findings. This prospective longitudinal study was conducted for 1 year after IEC approval with inclusion criteria previous one LSCS. Exclusion criteria- 1 Previous myomectomy scar; 2 Previous 2 LSCS; 3 Previous hysterotomy scar. RESULTS Our findings indicate that there is a strong association between degree of LUS thinning measured near term and the risk of uterine scar defect at birth. In our study, optimal cut-off value for predicting

Sonographic diagnosis of a common pancreaticobiliary channel in children

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chapuy, Severine; Gorincour, Guillaume; Aschero, Audrey; Paris, Marie; Lambot, Karine; Bourliere-Najean, Brigitte; Petit, Philippe [La Timone Children' s Hospital, Department of Paediatric Radiology, Marseille Cedex 05 (France); Roquelaure, Bertrand [La Timone Children' s Hospital, Department of Hepato-gastroenterology, Marseille (France); Delarue, Arnauld [La Timone Children' s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Marseille (France)

2006-12-15

A common pancreaticobiliary channel is a very rare condition, but its diagnosis is of paramount importance since it can lead to complications that can be prevented. To illustrate the sonographic diagnosis of a common pancreaticobiliary channel in children referred for abdominal pain or jaundice. Four children were diagnosed by ultrasonography and the diagnosis was subsequently confirmed by MRI. Sonography demonstrated a pancreaticobiliary junction located in the pancreatic head above the sphincter of Oddi. This rare congenital anomaly was confirmed in all patients by MRI. A common pancreaticobiliary channel can be diagnosed by sonography. Nevertheless, our experience is limited, and although sonography can provide an alert and can assist management, it cannot yet replace MRI. (orig.)

Sonographic diagnosis of a common pancreaticobiliary channel in children

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chapuy, Severine; Gorincour, Guillaume; Aschero, Audrey; Paris, Marie; Lambot, Karine; Bourliere-Najean, Brigitte; Petit, Philippe; Roquelaure, Bertrand; Delarue, Arnauld

2006-01-01

A common pancreaticobiliary channel is a very rare condition, but its diagnosis is of paramount importance since it can lead to complications that can be prevented. To illustrate the sonographic diagnosis of a common pancreaticobiliary channel in children referred for abdominal pain or jaundice. Four children were diagnosed by ultrasonography and the diagnosis was subsequently confirmed by MRI. Sonography demonstrated a pancreaticobiliary junction located in the pancreatic head above the sphincter of Oddi. This rare congenital anomaly was confirmed in all patients by MRI. A common pancreaticobiliary channel can be diagnosed by sonography. Nevertheless, our experience is limited, and although sonography can provide an alert and can assist management, it cannot yet replace MRI. (orig.)

Sonographic Findings of Mesenteroaxial Gastric Volvulus in a Young Infant: A Case Report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lim, Yun Jung

2012-01-01

We present a case of sonographically-diagnosed mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus in a neonate. Plain radiography revealed severe gaseous gastric distension. Ultrasonography (US) showed a displaced and compressed antrum and pylorus above the gastroesophageal junction. The provisional diagnosis was mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus. The patient underwent an emergency laparotomy and a mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus was found. This case shows that US can be useful for diagnosing mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus in neonates.

Sonographic Findings of Mesenteroaxial Gastric Volvulus in a Young Infant: A Case Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lim, Yun Jung [Dept. of Radiology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan (Korea, Republic of)

2012-08-15

We present a case of sonographically-diagnosed mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus in a neonate. Plain radiography revealed severe gaseous gastric distension. Ultrasonography (US) showed a displaced and compressed antrum and pylorus above the gastroesophageal junction. The provisional diagnosis was mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus. The patient underwent an emergency laparotomy and a mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus was found. This case shows that US can be useful for diagnosing mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus in neonates.

The value of fast MR imaging as an adjunct to ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Breysem, L.; Bosmans, H.; Dymarkowski, S.; Demaerel, P.; Vanbeckevoort, D.; Smet, M.; Schoubroeck, D.Van; Witters, I.; Deprest, J.; Vanhole, C.; Casaer, P.

2003-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of MR imaging of the fetus to improve sonographic prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies. In 40 fetuses (not consecutive cases) with an abnormality diagnosed with ultrasound, additional MR imaging was performed. The basic sequence was a T2-weighted single-shot half Fourier (HASTE) technique. Head, neck, spinal, thoracic, urogenital, and abdominal fetal pathologies were found. This retrospective, observational study compared MR imaging findings with ultrasonographic findings regarding detection, topography, and etiology of the pathology. The MR findings were evaluated as superior, equal to, or inferior compared with US, in consent with the referring gynecologists. The role of these findings in relation to pregnancy management was studied and compared with postnatal follow-up in 30 of 40 babies. Fetal MRI technique was successful in 36 of 39 examinations and provided additional information in 21 of 40 fetuses (one twin pregnancy with two members to evaluate). More precise anatomy and location of fetal pathology (20 of 40 cases) and additional etiologic information (8 of 40 cases) were substantial advantages in cerebrospinal abnormalities [ventriculomegaly, encephalocele, vein of Galen malformation, callosal malformations, meningo(myelo)cele], in retroperitoneal abnormalities (lymphangioma, renal agenesis, multicystic renal dysplasia), and in neck/thoracic pathology [cervical cystic teratoma, congenital hernia diaphragmatica, congenital cystic adenomatoid lung malformation (CCAM)]. This improved parental counseling and pregnancy management in 15 pregnancies. In 3 cases, prenatal MRI findings did not correlate with prenatal ultrasonographic findings or neonatal diagnosis. The MRI provided a more detailed description and insight into fetal anatomy, pathology, and etiology in the vast majority of these selected cases. This improved prenatal parental counseling and postnatal therapeutic planning. (orig.)

The value of fast MR imaging as an adjunct to ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Breysem, L.; Bosmans, H.; Dymarkowski, S.; Demaerel, P.; Vanbeckevoort, D.; Smet, M. [Department of Radiology, University Hospitals, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven (Belgium); Schoubroeck, D.Van; Witters, I.; Deprest, J. [Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven (Belgium); Vanhole, C.; Casaer, P. [Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven (Belgium)

2003-07-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of MR imaging of the fetus to improve sonographic prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies. In 40 fetuses (not consecutive cases) with an abnormality diagnosed with ultrasound, additional MR imaging was performed. The basic sequence was a T2-weighted single-shot half Fourier (HASTE) technique. Head, neck, spinal, thoracic, urogenital, and abdominal fetal pathologies were found. This retrospective, observational study compared MR imaging findings with ultrasonographic findings regarding detection, topography, and etiology of the pathology. The MR findings were evaluated as superior, equal to, or inferior compared with US, in consent with the referring gynecologists. The role of these findings in relation to pregnancy management was studied and compared with postnatal follow-up in 30 of 40 babies. Fetal MRI technique was successful in 36 of 39 examinations and provided additional information in 21 of 40 fetuses (one twin pregnancy with two members to evaluate). More precise anatomy and location of fetal pathology (20 of 40 cases) and additional etiologic information (8 of 40 cases) were substantial advantages in cerebrospinal abnormalities [ventriculomegaly, encephalocele, vein of Galen malformation, callosal malformations, meningo(myelo)cele], in retroperitoneal abnormalities (lymphangioma, renal agenesis, multicystic renal dysplasia), and in neck/thoracic pathology [cervical cystic teratoma, congenital hernia diaphragmatica, congenital cystic adenomatoid lung malformation (CCAM)]. This improved parental counseling and pregnancy management in 15 pregnancies. In 3 cases, prenatal MRI findings did not correlate with prenatal ultrasonographic findings or neonatal diagnosis. The MRI provided a more detailed description and insight into fetal anatomy, pathology, and etiology in the vast majority of these selected cases. This improved prenatal parental counseling and postnatal therapeutic planning. (orig.)

Is axillary sonographic staging less accurate in invasive lobular breast cancer than in ductal breast cancer?

Science.gov (United States)

Sankaye, Prashant; Chhatani, Sharmila; Porter, Gareth; Steel, Jim; Doyle, Sarah

2014-10-01

The purpose of this study was to determine whether axillary sonography is less accurate in invasive lobular breast cancer than in ductal breast cancer. Patients with invasive breast cancer were retrospectively identified from histologic records from 2010 to 2012. Staging axillary sonograms from 96 patients with primary breast cancer in each of 2 subgroups, invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), were reviewed. Preoperative sonographically guided 14-gauge core biopsy was performed on morphologically abnormal lymph nodes. Thirty-one of 96 patients (32%) in each subgroup were node positive on final postoperative histopathologic analysis. Axillary staging sensitivity was 17 of 31 patients (54%) in the IDC subgroup and 15 of 31(48%) in the ILC subgroup. Further analysis of the data showed no statistically significant differences between these subgroups. We found that there was no statistically significant difference in the accuracy of axillary sonographic staging between ILC and IDC. © 2014 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Uterus unicornis and pregnancy in two feline littermates

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wilson C Brookshire

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Case series summary A queen, tom and four 1-year-old female offspring presented for routine neuter. Two of the littermates (cats 1 and 2 were diagnosed with a uterine abnormality during surgery. The left uterine horn of both cats appeared as a thin, solid, cord-like structure, whereas the right uterine horn of both cats appeared to have intermittent bulges consistent with pregnancy. The two other littermates, queen and tom were reproductively normal. The uteruses of the affected cats were nearly identical with a gross and histopathologic diagnosis of uterus unicornis with concurrent pregnancy. Ovaries were present, bilaterally. An oviduct was present only on the single normally developed and pregnant uterine horn in both cats. At a postoperative follow-up evaluation, abdominal ultrasound was performed on the two cats with uterine abnormalities. Cat 1 was ultrasonographically within normal limits. Cat 2 was diagnosed with ipsilateral renal agenesis on the same side as the absent uterine horn. Relevance and novel information The complexity of uterus unicornis and renal aplasia is demonstrated by this unique presentation of five related cats for ovariohysterectomy. This report raises questions regarding the genetic, environmental, hormonal or other underlying causes of this anatomic abnormality in cats that may spur additional research. This is the first publication describing uterus unicornis in gravid feline littermates, with one of the cats having ipsilateral renal agenesis. This is also the first publication to describe oviduct agenesis on the affected uterine horn in feline uterus unicornis.

Vessel Ultrasound Sonographic Assessment of Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Efficacy in a Rat Balloon Injury Model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hyun-Jin Tae, DVM, PhD

2014-12-01

Conclusions: Sonograph results are consistent with those obtained from histology; that is, sRAGE produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells has significantly higher efficacy than insect cell-originated sRAGE cells.

Subtotal amelia in a child with autosomal recessive hypohidrotic ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

We report an inbred Tunisian family, in which the proband manifested signs of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, subtotal amelia, scoliosis and left renal agenesis. Two other family members had the full clinical criteria of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, characterized by deficient sweat glands, hypodontia, hypoplasia of ...

Evaluation of cervical cerclage for sonographically incompetent cervix in at high risk patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mustajab, Y.; Jehanzaib, M.

2008-01-01

To determine the impact of Cervical Cerclage (CC) for prolongation of pregnancy, maternal and foetal outcome. This Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 2 years patients with history of two or more recurrent midtrimester abortions/preterm deliveries were included. Those with abnormal foetus, vaginal bleeding and choreoamneonitis were excluded. All patients were subjected to transvaginal sonography. Those having sonographic evidence of cervical shortening/dilatation/cone formation were subjected to McDonald suture. Age, parity, period of gestation and aetiological factors were determined. Results were evaluated on the basis of pregnancy prolongation, 14-28 weeks (7.5%), 28-36 weeks (18.7%), 35-37 weeks (73.7%), vaginal delivery in (70%), instrumental (1305%), Caesarean section (17.5%),miscarriage (7.5%), prematurity (18.7%), term delivery (73.7%), prenatal death (13.7%), foetal survival rate (85.1%). No intraoperative complication found. During pregnancy premature rupture of membrane (3.7%), abruption (2.5%), severe pre-eclampsia (3.7%). During labour cervical dystocia was found in (2.5%), foetal distress (8.7%), mal-presentations (6.2%), cervical trauma (3.7%). We determined a high success rate of cervical cerclage on properly selected patients with sonographic evidence of cervical changes. Cervical sonography can be a valuable adjunct to clinical evaluation of these patients. (author)

The relationship between smile attractiveness and esthetic parameters of patients with lateral agenesis treated with tooth recontouring or implants

Science.gov (United States)

De-Marchi, Luciana Manzotti; Pini, Núbia Inocencya Pavesi; Pascotto, Renata Corrêa

2012-01-01

Background The purpose of this study was to associate smile esthetic judgment with dentofacial attributes of patients with unilateral and bilateral agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors treated with recontouring of canines or implants and patients with no agenesis (control). Material and methods Forty-six participants were divided into two groups: those treated with recontouring (N = 26) and those treated with implants (N = 20). The participants in the control group (N = 22) were selected among dentistry students at the State University of Maringá, Brazil. Photographs of posed smiles (17 cm × 10 cm) were evaluated with a 100-mm Visual Analog Scale. Smile attractiveness was judged by two groups: laypersons and dentists (N = 20 in each group). Judgment was classified into Unpleasant and Pleasant. Measurements of 11 smile attributes were done with ImageTool Version 3.0. These measurements were correlated with the type of judgment using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results The two groups of evaluators showed no rating difference (analysis of variance, P = 0.64), thus they were placed into a single group. No significant correlation was found between esthetic judgment and six smile attributes (incisor exposure, interlabial gap, width 3 to 3, smile index, right buccal corridor, and buccal corridor ratio). The control group showed more correlations with the unpleasant judgment type than the other groups. Conclusion Some correlations between smile attributes and esthetic judgment were found, but other features of smiles not evaluated in this study may interfere in smile attractiveness. PMID:23674925

Spontaneous perforation of gallbladder with intrahepatic biloma formation: sonographic signs and correlation with computed tomography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hollanda, Erick Sabbagh de; Torres, Ulysses dos Santos; Gual, Fabiana; Oliveira, Eduardo Portela de; Cardoso, Luciana Vargas; Criado, Divanei Aparecida Bottaro, E-mail: usantor@yahoo.com.br [Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto (Famerp), SP (Brazil). Hospital de Base

2013-09-15

Spontaneous perforation of gallbladder is a severe and infrequent complication of acute cholecystitis that requires early and accurate diagnosis. Concomitant development of intrahepatic collections is rarely observed in such cases. The present report emphasizes the relevance of imaging studies in this setting, describing the typical sonographic and tomographic findings for the diagnosis of such condition. (author)

The presentation and management of complex female genital malformations.

Science.gov (United States)

Acién, Pedro; Acién, Maribel

2016-01-01

Common uterine anomalies are important owing to their impact on fertility, and complex mesonephric anomalies and certain Müllerian malformations are particularly important because they cause serious clinical symptoms and affect woman's quality of life, in addition to creating fertility problems. In these cases of complex female genital tract malformations, a correct diagnosis is essential to avoid inappropriate and/or unnecessary surgery. Therefore, acquiring and applying the appropriate embryological knowledge, management and therapy is a challenge for gynaecologists. Here, we considered complex malformations to be obstructive anomalies and/or those associated with cloacal and urogenital sinus anomalies, urinary and/or extragenital anomalies, or other clinical implications or symptoms creating a difficult differential diagnosis. A diligent and comprehensive search of PubMed and Scopus was performed for all studies published from 1 January 2011 to 15 April 2015 (then updated up to September 2015) using the following search terms: 'management' in combination with either 'female genital malformations' or 'female genital tract anomalies' or 'Müllerian anomalies'. The MeSH terms 'renal agenesis', 'hydrocolpos', 'obstructed hemivagina' 'cervicovaginal agenesis or atresia', 'vaginal agenesis or atresia', 'Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome', 'uterine duplication' and 'cloacal anomalies' were also used to compile a list of all publications containing these terms since 2011. The basic embryological considerations for understanding female genitourinary malformations were also revealed. Based on our experience and the updated literature review, we studied the definition and classification of the complex malformations, and we analysed the clinical presentation and different therapeutic strategies for each anomaly, including the embryological and clinical classification of female genitourinary malformations. From 755 search retrieved references, 230 articles were analysed and

Discordant tooth agenesis and peg-shaped in a pair of monozygotic twins: Clinical and molecular study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lívia Azeredo Alves Antunes

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The present report aimed to study an uncommon case of a pair of twins that presented a discordant dental phenotype. Family investigation, clinical, radiographic examination and molecular analysis were performed in both girls. Molecular analysis confirmed the monozygosity by deoxyribonucleic acid chip technology. One twin presented tooth agenesis in left upper lateral incisor and peg-shaped on the contra lateral side while the other twin had no dental alterations. The dental casts study employed digital caliper to compare morphological dimensions and showed alteration only in peg-shaped tooth. In conclusion, this study provide support that one or more mutated gene could cause discordances in dental phenotype in these monozygotic twins.

Male gender and sonographic gall bladder wall thickness: important predictable factors for empyema and gangrene in acute cholecystitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khan, M.L.U.; Jawed, M.; Shaikh, U.; Abbassi, M.R.

2014-01-01

Objective: To underline the status of male gender and gall bladder wall thickness as significant risk factors for acute cholecystitis complications. Methods: The retrospective study, with purposive sampling of the patients of acute cholecystits in age above 18 years, who were operated within 10 days of onset of symptoms, was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Dow University Hospital, Karachi, by reviewing the patients' medical record from March 2010 to August 2012. Correlation of incidence of acute cholecystitis complications (empyema and gangrene) to male gender and to the sonographic gall bladder wall thickness more than 4.5mm was analysed using SPSS 16. Result: Out of 62 patients, 8 (13%) patients had gangrene while 10 (16.12%) had empyema. Overall, there were 21 (33.87%) males in the study. Ten (47.6%) of the male patients developed empyema or gangrene of the gall bladder as a complication of acute cholecystitis. Of the 41 (66.12%) female patients, only 8 (19.5%) developed these complications. There were 22 (35.48%) cases of gall bladders with sonographic wall thickness more than 4.5mm who were operated for acute cholecystitis. Of them, 16 (72.7%) had empyema or gangrene. Conclusion: Male gender and sonographic gall bladder wall thickness more than 4.5mm were statistically significant risk factors for suspicion of complicated acute cholecystitis (empyema/gangrene) and by using these risk factors, we can prioritise patients for surgery in the emergency room. (author)

Comparison of Effectiveness in Differentiating Benign from Malignant Ovarian Masses between IOTA Simple Rules and Subjective Sonographic Assessment.

Science.gov (United States)

Tongsong, Theera; Tinnangwattana, Dangcheewan; Vichak-Ururote, Linlada; Tontivuthikul, Paponrad; Charoenratana, Cholaros; Lerthiranwong, Thitikarn

2016-01-01

To compare diagnostic performance in differentiating benign from malignant ovarian masses between IOTA (the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis) simple rules and subjective sonographic assessment. Women scheduled for elective surgery because of ovarian masses were recruited into the study and underwent ultrasound examination within 24 hours of surgery to apply the IOTA simple rules by general gynecologists and to record video clips for subjective assessment by an experienced sonographer. The diagnostic performance of the IOTA rules and subjective assessment for differentiation between benign and malignant masses was compared. The gold standard diagnosis was pathological or operative findings. A total of 150 ovarian masses were covered, comprising 105 (70%) benign and 45 (30%) malignant. Of them, the IOTA simple rules could be applied in 119 (79.3%) and were inconclusive in 31 (20.7%) whereas subjective assessment could be applied in all cases (100%). The sensitivity and the specificity of the IOTA simple rules and subjective assessment were not significantly different, 82.9% vs 86.7% and 94.0% vs 94.3% respectively. The agreement of the two methods in prediction was high with a Kappa index of 0.835. Both techniques had a high diagnostic performance in differentiation between benign and malignant ovarian masses but the IOTA rules had a relatively high rate of inconclusive results. The IOTA rules can be used as an effective screening technique by general gynecologists but when the results are inconclusive they should consult experienced sonographers.

Management of Intrauterine Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) in 14 Patients by Sonographically Guided Tisseel Application.

Science.gov (United States)

Bandura, Patrick; Rawnaq, Tamina; Holzknecht, Annette; Cetin, Emine; Reemts, Petra; Zoi, Panagiota; Schwärzler, Peter

2018-02-01

 AVMs are rare tumorous vascular lesions derived from placental tissue that may present with massive post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) causing potentially life-threatening anemic shock. Current treatment options include the embolization of uterine arteries and emergency postpartum hysterectomy. We present a new form of minimally invasive, highly specific sonographically guided treatment in the form of the application of a human fibrin sealant leading to the instant cease of blood loss.  A management protocol was established and a case series of 14 patients is presented. Diagnosis by endovaginal color Doppler sonography is followed by the sonographically guided application of biological glue (TISSEEL ® ), thus allowing for super-selective occlusion of the feeding vessels.  The procedure was technically successful in all 14 patients, 3 of whom (21 %) had a repeated procedure after 4 - 7 days. The mean age (yrs.) of the patients was 31 (25 - 40), the gravity was median 2 (1 - 5) and the parity was median 1 (0 - 4), the lowest Hb value was on average 9.35 ± 2.25 (5.2 - 14.2) g/dl, the lowest Ht was on average 30.82 ± 6.02 (18 - 41 %). Spectral Doppler analysis revealed an average of 80.71 ± 11.2 (66 - 115) cm/sec for the maximal detectable PSV. In the period of 4 - 55 months after treatment, 7 patients (50 %) had 8 successful pregnancies and 2 miscarriages.  In PPH there is vital interest in timely diagnosis of the underlying cause, thus allowing fertility-sparing, minimally invasive and super-selective emergency treatment. In AVMs causing PPH, a positive impact on perinatal morbidity and mortality may be achieved by sonographically guided application of this biological glue. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Chronic kidney disease: sonographic/clinical findings at the ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction: Kidney disease arises from various causes which can lead to death, especially if it progresses to chronic renal disease. Some of these patients can be managed by the use of conservative management, drugs, dialysis or renal transplantation depending on several factors. Amongst several investigative methods ...

The sonographic features of neonatal appendicitis: A case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Si, Shu-Yu; Guo, Yi-Yi; Mu, Jian-Feng; Yan, Chao-Ying

2017-11-01

Neonatal appendicitis is extremely rare, and preoperative diagnosis is challenging. This study aimed to investigate the utility of ultrasound for the diagnosis of neonatal appendicitis. Four cases of neonatal appendicitis were included in this case series. One was a female infant and the other 3 were male infants; they were aged from 10 to 17 days. Neonatal appendicitis. Four newborns in our hospital were diagnosed with neonatal appendicitis by abdominal ultrasound. Their sonographic features were summarized and compared with surgical and pathological findings. In these infants, abdominal ultrasound demonstrated ileocecal bowel dilatation, intestinal and bowel wall thickening, and localized encapsulated effusion in the right lower quadrant and the abscess area, which was assumed to surround the appendix. Ultrasound is helpful for the diagnosis of neonatal appendicitis.

Association of achondroplasia with Down syndrome: difficulty in prenatal diagnosis by sonographic and 3-D helical computed tomographic analyses.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaga, Akimune; Murotsuki, Jun; Kamimura, Miki; Kimura, Masato; Saito-Hakoda, Akiko; Kanno, Junko; Hoshi, Kazuhiko; Kure, Shigeo; Fujiwara, Ikuma

2015-05-01

Achondroplasia and Down syndrome are relatively common conditions individually. But co-occurrence of both conditions in the same patient is rare and there have been no reports of fetal analysis of this condition by prenatal sonographic and three-dimensional (3-D) helical computed tomography (CT). Prenatal sonographic findings seen in persons with Down syndrome, such as a thickened nuchal fold, cardiac defects, and echogenic bowel were not found in the patient. A prenatal 3-D helical CT revealed a large head with frontal bossing, metaphyseal flaring of the long bones, and small iliac wings, which suggested achondroplasia. In a case with combination of achondroplasia and Down syndrome, it may be difficult to diagnose the co-occurrence prenatally without typical markers of Down syndrome. © 2014 Japanese Teratology Society.

Sonographic criteria for therapy follow-up in the course of ultrasound-guided intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid in hand osteoarthritis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klauser, Andrea S.; Faschingbauer, Ralph; Kupferthaler, Karin; Feuchnter, Gudrun; Wick, Marius C.; Jaschke, Werner R.; Mur, Erich

2012-01-01

Objective: To assess the value of sonographic criteria, based on measurements of joint capsule distension and synovial hyperemia, during the course of repeated ultrasound (US)-guided intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid (HA) in hand osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and methods: Thirty-three patients (28 females/5 males), with hand OA in 78 joints, were included in this study. Patients underwent sonographic evaluation at baseline and consecutively for 4 weeks at weekly US-guided intra-articular injections of HA (Hyalgan ® ). Measurements of joint thickening and joint inflammation were performed with Grey-scale and semi-quantitative Power-Doppler US (PDUS). Sonographic values were correlated with weekly patients self-assessment of pain for each treated joint. Results: The mean (SD) patients self-assessment of pain statistically significantly (p < 0.0001) decreased from the first [68.3(22.3)] to the last week [37.3(30.34)]. A steady pain relief could be noticed in 67 (86%) of all treated joints. Over the whole observation period, the mean (SD) joint thickening of all joints markedly decreased from 15.6 mm (5.3) to 13.1 mm (6.4) (p < 0.0001). The PDUS-score before initiation of HA treatment was statistically significantly higher than at the end of therapy (p < 0.0001). The decrease in pain statistically significantly correlated with the decrease of joint thickening and PDUS-score between baseline and the end of therapy (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrate the meaningfulness of sonographic evaluation criteria including measurements of joint capsule distension and PDUS vascularization, both significantly correlating with the decrease of pain, during the therapy follow-up of US-guided intra-articular HA-injections in patients with hand OA.

Sonographic evaluation of intra-abdominal adhesions during the third trimester of pregnancy: a novel technique in women undergoing repeated cesarean section.

Science.gov (United States)

Baron, Joel; Tirosh, Dan; Mastrolia, Salvatore Andrea; Ben-Haroush, Yigal; Schwartz, Shoshana; Kerner, Yoav; Hershkovitz, Reli

2018-03-25

Intra-abdominal adhesions may result in an increased risk of major complications in case of a repeated cesarean section, such as bladder and bowel injury, hemorrhage, infection, and hysterectomy. In an attempt to predict intra-abdominal adhesions before a repeated cesarean delivery, we suggest the use of a novel technique employing a simple and feasible ultrasound imaging technique. The study included pregnant women who underwent one or more cesarean deliveries in their obstetric history and were evaluated during the third trimester of the ongoing pregnancy. In order to diagnose intra-abdominal adhesions, we used a sonographic sliding sign of the uterus under the inner part of the fascia of the abdominal muscles, and considered women 1) at high risk for severe adhesions in the absence of sonographic uterine sliding; or 2) at a low risk for severe adhesions in the presence of an obvious or moderate uterine sliding. A comparison between sonographic findings and intra-abdominal adhesions as evaluated by the surgeons during surgery was performed. We examined 63 patients with one or more previous cesarean delivery. Out of these 63 patients, 59 had completed the study and underwent repeated cesarean section at our Institution. In 16 out of the19 cases assigned to the high risk for severe adhesions group, the suspicion was confirmed at surgery, with a sensitivity of 76.2%. In addition, the suspicion for low risk for adhesions was confirmed in 35 out of 40 patients, with a specificity of 92.1%. The inter and intra-observer correlation using Cohen's Kappa (k) coefficient were 0.52 and 0.77 respectively. Our data show that a simple sonographic sign might predict both high and low risk for intra-abdominal adhesions in patients who underwent previous cesarean delivery. This technique may aid clinical decisions regarding repeated cesarean section approach. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Gallbladder Agenesis in 17 Dogs: 2006-2016.

Science.gov (United States)

Sato, K; Sakai, M; Hayakawa, S; Sakamoto, Y; Kagawa, Y; Kutara, K; Teshima, K; Asano, K; Watari, T

2018-01-01

Gallbladder agenesis (GBA) is extremely rare in dogs. To describe the history, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of dogs with GBA. Seventeen client-owned dogs with GBA. Medical records from 2006 through 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Dogs were included when GBA was suspected on abdominal ultrasonography and confirmed by gross evaluation. Signalment, clinical signs, clinicopathological data, diagnostic imaging, histopathology, treatment, and outcome were recorded. Dogs were of 6 different breeds, and Chihuahuas (10 of 17) were most common. Median age at presentation was 1.9 (range, 0.7-7.4) years. Clinical signs included vomiting (5 of 17), anorexia (2 of 17), ascites (2 of 17), diarrhea (1 of 17), lethargy (1 of 17), and seizures (1 of 17). All dogs had increased serum activity of at least 1 liver enzyme, most commonly alanine aminotransferase (15 of 17). Fifteen dogs underwent computed tomography (CT) cholangiography; common bile duct (CBD) dilatation was confirmed in 12, without evidence of bile duct obstruction. Gross evaluation confirmed malformation of the liver lobes in 14 of 17 dogs and acquired portosystemic collaterals in 5 of 17. Ductal plate malformation was confirmed histologically in 16 of 17 dogs. During follow-up (range, 4-3,379 days), 16 of 17 dogs remained alive. Dogs with GBA exhibit clinicopathological signs of hepatobiliary injury and hepatic histopathological changes consistent with a ductal plate abnormality. Computed tomography cholangiography was superior to ultrasound examination in identifying accompanying nonobstructive CBD distention. Computed tomography cholangiography combined with laparoscopic liver biopsy is the preferable approach to characterize the full disease spectrum accompanying GBA in dogs. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

Associação de agenesia sacrococcígea e atresia anal em gato sem raça definida Sacrococcygeal agenesis association and anal atresia in mixed breed cats

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Felipe Purcell de Araújo

2009-09-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivo descrever o caso de um felino, que desde o nascimento apresentou atresia anal, ausência de cauda e malformação dos membros pélvicos. Ao exame radiográfico, pôde-se observar presença de agenesia da sétima vértebra lombar, sacro e vértebras coccígeas, espinha bífida, meningocele, hiperflexão dos joelhos e desvio valgo dos tarsos, diagnosticando-se agenesia sacrococcígea associada à atresia anal.This paper has the objective to report a case of a cat that since birth had anal atresia, absence of tail and malformation of the pelvic member. The radiographic examination revealed agenesis of the seventh lumbar vertebra, sacral and coccygeal vertebrae, spina bifida, meningocele, hyperflexion of the knees and tarsal valgus deviation, diagnosing sacrococcygeal agenesis associated with anal atresia.

Sonographic diagnosis of abscess following breast-conserving surgery with insertion of nonabsorbable mesh.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Sung Eun; Seo, Bo Kyoung; Son, Gil-Soo; Kim, Young-Sik

2014-09-01

Immediate mesh insertion has been recently used for breast reconstruction after breast-conserving surgery. We report a case of abscess formation following immediate nonabsorbable mesh insertion with breast-conserving surgery. In this article, we demonstrate multimodal breast imaging features and pathologic correlations of the case. In addition, we illustrate characteristic sonographic findings of nonabsorbable mesh fibers to differentiate them from a gossypiboma caused by a retained surgical sponge or tumor recurrence. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Sonographic findings of the kidneys in Korean hemorrhage fever (KHF)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sohn, Hyung Sun; Chung, Soo Kyo; Park, Seog Hee; Kang, Si Won; Bahk, Yong Whee; Lee, Jong Sun

1985-01-01

Gray scale ultrasonography of the kidneys were performed in 30 patients with KHF., significant morphologic changes were noted representing the pathologic involvement of the kidneys, and aids in the clinical assessment of severity of the diseases. 1. Peak increased renal volume is seen in oliguric stage. 2. Renal cortical echogenicity is increased in oliguric stage, and returned to normal in convalescency. 3. Medullary pyramid enlargement is seen mainly in diuretic stage. 4. Retroperitoneal edema and thickening of renal capsule are noted in oliguric stage. 5. Abnormal fluid accumulation was seen in two-third of cases in the peritoneal and perirenal space only in oliguric stage. Renal sonography is simple, non hazardous modality, providing satisfactory information about the renal and retroperitoneal anatomy

EARS2 mutations cause fatal neonatal lactic acidosis, recurrent hypoglycemia and agenesis of corpus callosum.

Science.gov (United States)

Danhauser, Katharina; Haack, Tobias B; Alhaddad, Bader; Melcher, Marlen; Seibt, Annette; Strom, Tim M; Meitinger, Thomas; Klee, Dirk; Mayatepek, Ertan; Prokisch, Holger; Distelmaier, Felix

2016-06-01

Mitochondrial aminoacyl tRNA synthetases are essential for organelle protein synthesis. Genetic defects affecting the function of these enzymes may cause pediatric mitochondrial disease. Here, we report on a child with fatal neonatal lactic acidosis and recurrent hypoglycemia caused by mutations in EARS2, encoding mitochondrial glutamyl-tRNA synthetase 2. Brain ultrasound revealed agenesis of corpus callosum. Studies on patient-derived skin fibroblasts showed severely decreased EARS2 protein levels, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and altered mitochondrial morphology. Our report further illustrates the clinical spectrum of the severe neonatal-onset form of EARS2 mutations. Moreover, in this case the live-cell parameters appeared to be more sensitive to mitochondrial dysfunction compared to standard diagnostics, which indicates the potential relevance of fibroblast studies in children with mitochondrial diseases.

Genetics of Müllerian aplasia

OpenAIRE

Sandbacka, Maria

2013-01-01

Müllerian aplasia (MA) is a rare congenital disorder of the female reproductive tract. It involves loss of a functional uterus and upper two thirds of the vagina, resulting in infertility and need of treatment to enable normal sex life. Skeletal and renal structural abnormalities, such as scoliosis and renal agenesis are often associated with MA. The patients are otherwise healthy females with normal secondary sex characteristics and karyotype (46,XX). However, psychosocial problems are often...

Sonographic evaluation of intravascular volume status: Can internal jugular or femoral vein collapsibility be used in the absence of IVC visualization?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alistair Kent

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVC-CI has been shown to correlate with both clinical and invasive assessment of intravascular volume status, but has important limitations such as the requirement for advanced sonographic skills, the degree of difficulty in obtaining those skills, and often challenging visualization of the IVC in the postoperative patient. The current study aims to explore the potential for using femoral (FV or internal jugular (IJV vein collapsibility as alternative sonographic options in the absence of adequate IVC visualization. Methods: A prospective, observational study comparing IVC-CI and Fem- and/or IJV-CI was performed in two intensive care units (ICU between January 2012 and April 2014. Concurrent M-mode measurements of IVC-CI and FV- and/or IJV-CI were collected during each sonographic session. Measurements of IVC were obtained using standard technique. IJV-CI and FV-CI were measured using high-frequency, linear array ultrasound probe placed in the corresponding anatomic areas. Paired data were analyzed using coefficient of correlation/determination and Bland-Altman determination of measurement bias. Results: We performed paired ultrasound examination of IVC-IJV (n = 39 and IVC-FV (n = 22, in 40 patients (mean age 54.1; 40% women. Both FV-CI and IJV-CI scans took less time to complete than IVC-CI scans (both, P < 0.02. Correlations between IVC-CI/FV-CI (R 2 = 0.41 and IVC-CI/IJV-CI (R 2 = 0.38 were weak. There was a mean -3.5% measurement bias between IVC-CI and IJV-CI, with trend toward overestimation for IJV-CI with increasing collapsibility. In contrast, FV-CI underestimated collapsibility by approximately 3.8% across the measured collapsibility range. Conclusion: Despite small measurement biases, correlations between IVC-CI and FV-/IJV-CI are weak. These results indicate that IJ-CI and FV-CI should not be used as a primary intravascular volume assessment tool for clinical decision support in

Splenectomy in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital: A comparison of sonographic correlation with intra-operative findings in trauma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oludolapo Afuwape

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Missed or inappropriately-treated splenic injury is a significant cause of preventable trauma-related death. Physical examination and abdominal ultrasonography are essential tools for early diagnosis of splenic injury. However, some injuries may not be accurately diagnosed by ultrasonography at initial evaluation. Aim: The aim of this study was to audit indications for splenectomy at the University College Hospital, Ibadan and to compare the intra-operative findings in trauma-related cases with the sonographic findings. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all adult (12 years and older patients′ records who had splenectomy between July 2003 and June 2010. The data extracted included patient demographics and indications for splenectomy. In trauma cases, the mode of injury and vital signs at presentation, sonographic findings, and operation findings were recorded. The intervals between injury and sonography and duration to surgery were also noted respectively. Results: Eighty-four patients were reviewed in the 7-year review period. The male to female ratio was approximately 2:1. The ages ranged from 14 to 76 years with a peak incidence in the third decade. Elective indications for splenectomy were 14 (16.6%, while 70 (83.3% were emergency cases. Forty-four of the trauma-related patients had pre-operative abdominal ultrasound, of which 31 (70% was reported as sonographically normal prior to surgery, while the rest of the trauma-related cases were considered too ill for ultrasonography. Conclusion: Potentially significant injuries may be missed with screening sonography. For this reason, a physician must maintain a high index of suspicion and consider the patient′s clinical status or an alternative imaging modality in excluding a diagnosis of splenic injury.

A prospective study of three diagnostic sonographic methods in differentiation between benign and malignant salivary gland tumours

Science.gov (United States)

El-Khateeb, SM; Abou-Khalaf, AE; Farid, MM; Nassef, MA

2011-01-01

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of three diagnostic sonographic methods, greyscale sonography (GSS), colour Doppler sonography (CDS) and spectral Doppler (SPD), in differentiating between benign and malignant salivary gland (SG) tumours. Methods 44 patients with SG masses were examined using GSS, CDS and SPD. The morphological features of each tumour were evaluated using GSS, the distribution and number of detected blood vessels were assessed using CDS, and peak systolic velocity (PSV), resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were measured on SPD. All cases underwent excisional biopsy and a definite tissue diagnosis was obtained. Results Histopathological examination revealed that 28 of the 44 tumours were benign and 16 were malignant. GSS showed that malignant SG tumours had a significantly higher incidence of ill-defined borders and lymph node involvement than benign tumours, but there was no significant difference between benign and malignant SG tumours regarding echogenicity, homogeneity or sonographic shape. CDS demonstrated malignant tumours with significantly higher vascularity and a scattered distribution. Using SPD, malignant tumours had significantly higher PSV, RI and PI compared with benign tumours. Conclusion RI values above 0.7, PI values above 1.2, PSV values above 44.3 cm s–1, ill-defined borders, lymph node involvement, Grade 2 or 3 vascularity and hilar distribution of blood vessels should alert the clinician to suspect a malignant SG tumour. After consensus on the threshold values of PSV, RI and PI in differentiating benign from malignant SG tumours, these numbers should be incorporated into the software of ultrasound machines to guide the sonographer in his or her analysis. PMID:22065796

Vesicula seminalis-cyste med ipsilateral nyreagenesi

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Severin Gråe Harbo, Frederik; Larsen, Lisbet Brønsro

2015-01-01

. The lesion was interpreted as a group of enlarged lymph nodes, but PET/CT and MRI later demonstrated that it was a left seminal vesicle cyst. An association between congenital seminal vesicle cysts and ipsilateral renal agenesis is rare and can be explained by their common embryologic origin....

Azoospermia in a Male with Klippel-Feil Anomaly.

Science.gov (United States)

Uloko, Maria; Bearrick, Elizabeth; Bodie, Joshua

2017-07-01

Müllerian-duct aplasia, renal agenesis, and cervical somite dysplasia (MURCS) is a rare genetic disorder. Previously thought to be exclusive in females, there have now been a small number of case reports describing a male analogue. We describe a patient with obstructive azoospermia and Klippel-Feil anomaly.

Survey of the prevalence and methodology of quality assurance for B-mode ultrasound image quality among veterinary sonographers.

Science.gov (United States)

Hoscheit, Larry P; Heng, Hock Gan; Lim, Chee Kin; Weng, Hsin-Yi

2018-05-01

Image quality in B-mode ultrasound is important as it reflects the diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic information provided during clinical scanning. Quality assurance programs for B-mode ultrasound systems/components are comprised of initial quality acceptance testing and subsequent regularly scheduled quality control testing. The importance of quality assurance programs for B-mode ultrasound image quality using ultrasound phantoms is well documented in the human medical and medical physics literature. The purpose of this prospective, cross-sectional, survey study was to determine the prevalence and methodology of quality acceptance testing and quality control testing of image quality for ultrasound system/components among veterinary sonographers. An online electronic survey was sent to 1497 members of veterinary imaging organizations: the American College of Veterinary Radiology, the Veterinary Ultrasound Society, and the European Association of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, and a total of 167 responses were received. The results showed that the percentages of veterinary sonographers performing quality acceptance testing and quality control testing are 42% (64/151; 95% confidence interval 34-52%) and 26% (40/156: 95% confidence interval 19-33%) respectively. Of the respondents who claimed to have quality acceptance testing or quality control testing of image quality in place for their ultrasound system/components, 0% have performed quality acceptance testing or quality control testing correctly (quality acceptance testing 95% confidence interval: 0-6%, quality control testing 95% confidence interval: 0-11%). Further education and guidelines are recommended for veterinary sonographers in the area of quality acceptance testing and quality control testing for B-mode ultrasound equipment/components. © 2018 American College of Veterinary Radiology.

sup(99m)Tc-DMSA renal scintigraphy in renal failure due to various renal diseases

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hosokawa, S; Daijo, K; Okabe, T; Kawamura, J; Hara, A [Kyoto Univ. (Japan). Hospital

1979-08-01

Renal contours in renal failure were studied by means of sup(99m)Tc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renoscintigraphy. Renal cortical images were obtained even in renal failure cases. Causes of renal failure were chronic glomerulonephritis in 7, bilateral renal tuberculosis in 2, chronic pyelonephritis in 3, bilateral renal calculi in 3, diabetic nephropathy in 2, polycystic kidney disease in 2 and stomach cancer in 1.

sup(99m)Tc-DMSA renal scintigraphy in renal failure due to various renal diseases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hosokawa, Shin-ichi; Daijo, Kazuyuki; Okabe, Tatsushiro; Kawamura, Juichi; Hara, Akira

1979-01-01

Renal contours in renal failure were studied by means of sup(99m)Tc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renoscintigraphy. Renal cortical images were obtained even in renal failure cases. Causes of renal failure were chronic glomerulonephritis in 7, bilateral renal tuberculosis in 2, chronic pyelonephritis in 3, bilateral renal calculi in 3, diabetic nephropathy in 2, polycystic kidney disease in 2 and stomach cancer in 1. (author)

Diagnosis of hydronephrosis: comparison of radionuclide scanning and sonography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Malave, S.R.; Neiman, H.L.; Spies, S.M.; Cisternino, S.J.; Adamo, G.

1980-01-01

Diagnostic sonographic and radioisotope scanning techniques have been shown to be useful in the diagnosis of obstructive uropathy. The accuracy of both methods was compared and sonography was found to provide the more accurate data (sensitivity, 90%, specificity, 98%; accuracy, 97%). Sonography provides excellent anatomic information and enables one to grade the degree of dilatation. Renal radionuclide studies were less sensitive in detecting obstruction, particularly in the presence of chronic renal disease, but offered additional information regarding relative renal blood flow, total effective renal plasma flow, and interval change in renal parenchymal function

Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of tunica vaginalis testis of unknown malignant potential: Sonographic appearance.

Science.gov (United States)

Ko, K W S; Tse, K S; Shek, K W; Hau, M N; Ting, S H

2017-10-09

Paratesticular mesothelioma is a rare differential diagnosis in the presence of scrotal hydrocele. A 17-year-old boy presented with a 3-year history of progressive hydrocele. Sonography revealed a large left paratesticular mass within the hydrocele. Serum tumor markers were negative. Left hydrocelectomy was performed and pathological analysis of the epididymal mass revealed a well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma. We discuss the sonographic and pathological findings of this rare neoplasm. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Renal computed angiography. Part I: Renal CT phlebography. Renal veins variants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Al-Amin, M.; Krupev, M.; Hadjidekov, V.; Plachkov, I.

2012-01-01

The changing trend in renal surgery, transplantation and minimal invasive urology implies preprocedure evaluation of renal veins. Development of imaging methods offers new possibilities for venographic visualization. The goal of this study is to present authors experience in visualization of renal veins using 64 MDCT and to evaluate the utility in assessments of their variants. 128 patients (68 females and 60 males, mean age 53,3) with urological complaints underwent 64MDCT examination including CT angiography. Contrast enhancement includes 3-4ml/sec injection flow of 90 ml contrast medium followed by 20 ml saline at the same rate. In 23 out of 128 examined patients some of the common variants of the renal vein is found. 64 MDCT angiography visualize very well renal veins and becomes method of choice in preoperative assessment of renal vein anatomy. (authors)

Sonographic diagnosis of juvenile polyps in children.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Yao; Li, Shi-Xing; Xie, Li-Mei; Shi, Bo; Ju, Hao; Bai, Yu-Zuo; Zhang, Shu-Cheng

2012-09-01

The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of ultrasonography for juvenile polyps in children and their sonographic characteristics. A retrospective analysis was performed of the ultrasound findings in 27 children who were diagnosed preoperatively with juvenile polyp within the intestinal tract by ultrasonography and then confirmed by colonoscopy, laparotomy and histopathology. The ultrasonic finding common to all polyps was an isolated intraluminal nodular or massive protrusion, associated with multiple mesh-like fluid areas of different sizes. In 25 children, surrounding pedicle-like low echoes of varying lengths were seen connecting with the polyps to form "mushroom" sign. The color Doppler showed abundant blood flow signals within all polyps and pedicles in a shape of a branch or an umbrella. For seven children with an intussusception, the polyp shadow was detected in the cervical part or interior of the intussusception. Ultrasonography is, thus, considered to be a feasible method for diagnosing intestinal juvenile polyp. Copyright © 2012 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A novel approach to sonographic examination in a patient with a calf muscle tear: a case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chen Carl PC

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Introduction Rupture of the distal musculotendinous junction of the medial head of the gastrocnemius, also known as "tennis leg", can be readily examined using a soft tissue ultrasound. Loss of muscle fiber continuity and the occurrence of bloody fluid accumulation can be observed using ultrasound with the patient in the prone position; however, some cases may have normal ultrasound findings in this conventional position. We report a case of a middle-aged man with tennis leg. Ultrasound examination had normal findings during the first two attempts. During the third attempt, with the patient's calf muscles examined in an unconventional knee flexed position, sonographic findings resembling tennis leg were detected. Case presentation A 60-year-old man in good health visited our rehabilitation clinic complaining of left calf muscle pain. On suspicion of a ruptured left medial head gastrocnemius muscle, a soft tissue ultrasound examination was performed. An ultrasound examination revealed symmetrical findings of bilateral calf muscles without evidence of muscle rupture. A roentgenogram of the left lower limb did not reveal any bony lesions. An ultrasound examination one week later also revealed negative sonographic findings. However, he still complained of persistent pain in his left calf area. A different ultrasound examination approach was then performed with the patient lying in the supine position with his knee flexed at 90 degrees. The transducer was then placed pointing upwards to examine the muscles and well-defined anechoic fluid collections with areas of hypoechoic surroundings were observed. Conclusion For patients suffering from calf muscle area pain and suspicion of tennis leg, a soft tissue ultrasound is a simple tool to confirm the diagnosis. However, in the case of negative sonographic findings, we recommend trying a different positional approach to examine the calf muscles by ultrasound before the diagnosis of tennis leg can

A novel approach to sonographic examination in a patient with a calf muscle tear: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Carl Pc; Tang, Simon Ft; Hsu, Chih-Chin; Chen, Ruo Li; Hsu, Rex Ch; Wu, Chin-Wen; Chen, Max Jl

2009-06-25

Rupture of the distal musculotendinous junction of the medial head of the gastrocnemius, also known as "tennis leg", can be readily examined using a soft tissue ultrasound. Loss of muscle fiber continuity and the occurrence of bloody fluid accumulation can be observed using ultrasound with the patient in the prone position; however, some cases may have normal ultrasound findings in this conventional position. We report a case of a middle-aged man with tennis leg. Ultrasound examination had normal findings during the first two attempts. During the third attempt, with the patient's calf muscles examined in an unconventional knee flexed position, sonographic findings resembling tennis leg were detected. A 60-year-old man in good health visited our rehabilitation clinic complaining of left calf muscle pain. On suspicion of a ruptured left medial head gastrocnemius muscle, a soft tissue ultrasound examination was performed. An ultrasound examination revealed symmetrical findings of bilateral calf muscles without evidence of muscle rupture. A roentgenogram of the left lower limb did not reveal any bony lesions. An ultrasound examination one week later also revealed negative sonographic findings. However, he still complained of persistent pain in his left calf area. A different ultrasound examination approach was then performed with the patient lying in the supine position with his knee flexed at 90 degrees. The transducer was then placed pointing upwards to examine the muscles and well-defined anechoic fluid collections with areas of hypoechoic surroundings were observed. For patients suffering from calf muscle area pain and suspicion of tennis leg, a soft tissue ultrasound is a simple tool to confirm the diagnosis. However, in the case of negative sonographic findings, we recommend trying a different positional approach to examine the calf muscles by ultrasound before the diagnosis of tennis leg can be ruled out.

Role of Sonographic Imaging in Occupational Therapy Practice

Science.gov (United States)

2015-01-01

Occupational therapy practice is grounded in the delivery of occupation-centered, patient-driven treatments that engage clients in the process of doing to improve health. As emerging technologies, such as medical imaging, find their way into rehabilitation practice, it is imperative that occupational therapy practitioners assess whether and how these tools can be incorporated into treatment regimens that are dually responsive to the medical model of health care and to the profession’s foundation in occupation. Most medical imaging modalities have a discrete place in occupation-based intervention as outcome measures or for patient education; however, sonographic imaging has the potential to blend multiple occupational therapy practice forms to document treatment outcomes, inform clinical reasoning, and facilitate improved functional performance when used as an accessory tool in direct intervention. Use of medical imaging is discussed as it relates to occupational foundations and the professional role within the context of providing efficient, effective patient-centered rehabilitative care. PMID:25871607

Sonographic features of tubo-ovarian abscess mimicking an endometrioma and review of cystic adnexal masses

OpenAIRE

Velcani, Artur; Conklin, Patrick; Specht, Neil

2010-01-01

A 36-year-old female presented with constant, worsening left lower quadrant pain without associated fever or vaginal discharge. Pelvic and transvaginal ultrasound examinations were performed which demonstrated a large complex cystic structure in the left adnexa with peripheral flow on color Doppler imaging. Given the sonographic appearance and patient symptoms, possibilities included endometrioma or hemorrhagic cyst. Tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) and other cystic ovarian masses were considered l...

Stenting of the right ventricular outflow tract after thrombosis of the modified Blalock-Taussig shunt in a 8 month old infant with tetralogy of Fallot and right pulmonary artery agenesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

I. A. Soynov

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Pulmonary artery agenesis combined with tetralogy of Fallot is the most rarely seen congenital heart disease. Children with this anomaly are an especially problematic category of patients undergoing staged surgical repair. The postoperative period quite often is complicated with shunt thrombosis while a redo open surgery is associated with a very high risk; therefore, endovascular repair is a preferred procedure. We describe a case of right ventricular outflow tract stenting in a 8 month old girl with tetralogy of Fallot and right pulmonary artery agenesis. The patient was admitted at 3 month after performing of a left-sided modified Blalock-Taussig shunt with severe signs of heart failure and desaturation caused by shunt thrombosis. Assessments performed at 2 months after stenting of the outflow tract demonstrated good oxygen saturation in arterial blood (80% and above and improvement of heart failure symptoms to NYHA II class.

Sonographic appearance of anal cushions of hemorrhoids.

Science.gov (United States)

Aimaiti, Adilijiang; A Ba Bai Ke Re, Ma Mu Ti Jiang; Ibrahim, Irshat; Chen, Hui; Tuerdi, Maimaitituerxun; Mayinuer

2017-05-28

To evaluate the diagnostic value of different sonographic methods in hemorrhoids. Forty-two healthy volunteers and sixty-two patients with grades I-IV hemorrhoids received two different sonographic examinations from January 2013 to January 2016 at the First and Second Hospitals of Xinjiang Medical University in a prospective way. We analyzed the ultrasonographic findings of these participants and evaluated the outcomes. Resected grades III and IV hemorrhoid tissues were pathologically examined. The concordance of ultrasonographic results with pathology results was assessed with the Cohen's kappa coefficient. All healthy volunteers and all patients had no particular complications related to sonography. There were no statistically significant differences between the participants regarding age ( P = 0.5919), gender ( P = 0.4183), and persistent symptoms ( P > 0.8692). All healthy control participants had no special findings. However, 30 patients with hemorrhoids showed blood signals around the dentate line on ultrasonography. When grades I and II hemorrhoids were analyzed, there were no significant differences between transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), transperianal ultrasound (TPUS), and transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) ( P > 0.05). Grades III and IV hemorrhoids revealed blood flow with different directions which could be observed as a "mosaic pattern". In patients with grades III and IV hemorrhoids, the number of patients with "mosaic pattern" as revealed by TRUS, TPUS and TVUS was 22, 12, and 4, respectively. Patients with grades III and IV disease presented with a pathologically abnormal cushion which usually appeared as a "mosaic pattern" in TPUS and an arteriovenous fistula in pathology. Subepithelial vessels of resected grades III and IV hemorrhoid tissues were manifested by obvious structural impairment and retrograde and ruptured changes of internal elastic lamina. Some parts of the Trietz's muscle showed hypertrophy and distortion. Arteriovenous fistulas and

Characterization of sonographically indeterminate ovarian tumors with MR imaging. A logistic regression analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamashita, Y.; Hatanaka, Y.; Torashima, M.; Takahashi, M.; Miyazaki, K.; Okamura, H.

1997-01-01

Purpose: The goal of this study was to maximize the discrimination between benign and malignant masses in patients with sonographically indeterminate ovarian lesions by means of unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MR imaging, and to develop a computer-assisted diagnosis system. Material and Methods: Findings in precontrast and Gd-DTPA contrast-enhanced MR images of 104 patients with 115 sonographically indeterminate ovarian masses were analyzed, and the results were correlated with histopathological findings. Of 115 lesions, 65 were benign (23 cystadenomas, 13 complex cysts, 11 teratomas, 6 fibrothecomas, 12 others) and 50 were malignant (32 ovarian carcinomas, 7 metastatic tumors of the ovary, 4 carcinomas of the fallopian tubes, 7 others). A logistic regression analysis was performed to discriminate between benign and malignant lesions, and a model of a computer-assisted diagnosis was developed. This model was prospectively tested in 75 cases of ovarian tumors found at other institutions. Results: From the univariate analysis, the following parameters were selected as significant for predicting malignancy (p≤0.05): A solid or cystic mass with a large solid component or wall thickness greater than 3 mm; complex internal architecture; ascites; and bilaterality. Based on these parameters, a model of a computer-assisted diagnosis system was developed with the logistic regression analysis. To distinguish benign from malignant lesions, the maximum cut-off point was obtained between 0.47 and 0.51. In a prospective application of this model, 87% of the lesions were accurately identified as benign or malignant. (orig.)

Assessment of mural invasion depth of gastric carcinoma with high-resolution compound sonographic imaging in vitro

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Seong Hoon; Kim, Eun A; Yoon, Kwon Ha; Yun, Ki Jung; Kim, Jeong Ho; Won, Jong Jin [Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan (Korea, Republic of)

2002-11-01

To evaluate whether the accuracy of invasion depth assessment in gastric carcinoma in vitro can be improved with high-resolution spatial compound sonographic imaging. In sixteen fresh gastric specimens obtained from patients with preoperatively biopsy proven gastric carcinoma, normal and lesional areas were scanned using conventional and compound imaging technique with a 15-MHz linear transducer. Two radiologists independently compared the sharpness and the contrast of images obtained with two different modes and determined the layers invaded by cancer with consensus. The invasion depths by images were compared with histopathologic results. The sharpness and the contrast in normal and lesional areas were significantly higher in compound imaging (p<0.01) than those in conventional imaging and interobserver agreement was over moderate, with k-value of 0.41 to 0.86. But the accuracy in invasion depth assessment was 68.8% (11/16) on conventional imaging and 75% (12/16) on compound imaging and non different significantly between two modes (p>0305). High-resolution spatial compound sonographic imaging has improved image quality, compared with conventional imaging, but the accuracy of invasion depth assessment in gastric carcinoma was not significantly different.

A simple and successful sonographic technique to identify the sciatic nerve in the parasacral area.

Science.gov (United States)

Taha, Ahmad Muhammad

2012-03-01

The purpose of this study was to describe detailed sonographic anatomy of the parasacral area for rapid and successful identification of the sciatic nerve. Fifty patients scheduled for knee surgery were included in this observational study. An ultrasound-guided parasacral sciatic nerve block was performed in all patients. The ultrasound probe was placed on an axial plane 8 cm lateral to the uppermost point of the gluteal cleft. Usually, at this level the posterior border of the ischium (PBI), a characteristically curved hyperechoic line, could be identified. The sciatic nerve appeared as a hyperechoic structure just medial to the PBI. The nerve lies deep to the piriformis muscle lateral to the inferior gluteal vessels, and if followed caudally, it rests directly on the back of the ischium. After confirmation with electrical stimulation, a 20-mL mixture of 1% ropivacaine and 1% lidocaine with epinephrine was injected. The sciatic nerve was identified successfully in 48 patients (96%). In those patients, the median time required for its ultrasonographic identification was ten seconds [interquartile range, 8-13.7 sec], and the block success rate was 100%. The described sonographic details of the parasacral area allowed for rapid and successful identification of the sciatic nerve.

Mammographic and sonographic findings of breast cancer in women younger than 35 years

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shaw de Paredes, E.; Marsteller, L.; Eden, B.

1989-01-01

Breast carcinoma is uncommon in women under 35 years of age and may be difficult to detect because clinically palpable masses are usually benign, and mammography may be limited by dense parenchyma. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the mammographic findings in young patients with breast cancer and the efficacy of mammography in identifying these lesions. During an 8-year period, 100 breast cancers were diagnosed mammography and sonography were performed in 678% and 19% of patients, respectively; mammography demonstrated the lesion in 90% of cases. Mammographic and sonographic findings are presented

Prevalência de agenesia do osso sesamóide da articulação metacarpofalangeana, em brasileiros adultos Agenesis prevalence of the adductor sesamoid of the thumb in Brazilians adults

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renata Rodrigues de Almeida-Pedrin

2008-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: diante da importância do sesamóide no emprego de métodos simplificados para a determinação da maturidade esquelética, julgamos necessário um estudo, em brasileiros adultos, para verificar a porcentagem de presença ou ausência deste ossículo. METODOLOGIA: a amostra constitui-se de 500 indivíduos brasileiros, com idade média de 22,5 (18-33 anos, de ambos os gêneros. A presença ou ausência do osso sesamóide foi verificada mediante a interpretação de radiografias periapicais, tomadas da articulação metacarpofalangena dos dois polegares de cada indivíduo da pesquisa. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: os resultados demonstraram que o osso sesamóide da articulação metacarpofalangeana esteve presente em todos os indivíduos (100% da amostra, concluindo, desta forma, que não houve agenesia deste osso nesta população avaliada.AIM: the purpose of this study was to verify the percentage of agenesis of sesamoid bone in a Brazilian adult population. METHODS: the sample consisted of 329 females and 171 males, with mean age of 22.5 (range from 18 to 33 years. The presence or agenesis of sesamoid bone was evaluated through periapical radiographs taken from the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb (left and right of each subject. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results evidenced that the sesamoid bone was present in 100% of the sample, showing that was not found agenesis in these population.

Continuous renal replacement therapy improves renal recovery from acute renal failure.

Science.gov (United States)

Jacka, Michael J; Ivancinova, Xenia; Gibney, R T Noel

2005-03-01

Acute renal failure (ARF) occurs in up to 10% of critically ill patients, with significant associated morbidity and mortality. The optimal mode of renal replacement therapy (RRT) remains controversial. This retrospective study compared continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) for RRT in terms of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital mortality, and renal recovery. We reviewed the records of all patients undergoing RRT for the treatment of ARF over a 12-month period. Patients were compared according to mode of RRT, demographics, physiologic characteristics, and outcomes of ICU and hospital mortality and renal recovery using the Chi square, Student's t test, and multiple logistic regression as appropriate. 116 patients with renal insufficiency underwent RRT during the study period. Of these, 93 had ARF. The severity of illness of CRRT patients was similar to that of IHD patients using APACHE II (25.1 vs 23.5, P = 0.37), but they required significantly more intensive nursing (therapeutic intervention scale 47.8 vs 37.6, P = 0.0001). Mortality was associated with lower pH at presentation (P = 0.003) and increasing age (P = 0.03). Renal recovery was significantly more frequent among patients initially treated with CRRT (21/24 vs 5/14, P = 0.0003). Further investigation to define optimal timing, dose, and duration of RRT may be beneficial. Although further study is needed, this study suggests that renal recovery may be better after CRRT than IHD for ARF. Mortality was not affected significantly by RRT mode.

Congenital seminal vesicle cyst accompanying with ipsilateral renal agenesis in an adolescent patient: A pediatric radiologist approach to Zinner’s syndrome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mehmet Burak Özkan

2015-12-01

Full Text Available A fifteen-year-old boy who had complaints of left sided pelvic pain with known ipsilateral left renal agenesia was referred to pediatric radiology department. Incidentally, his sonography examination revealed a dilated tubular structure located in the retro-vesicular region from cephalic to prostate. Contrast enhanced pelvic MRI showed a huge seminal vesicle cyst which is over 6 cm without a mass effect near the aspect border of the prostate and bladder. The patient was diagnosed with Zinner syndrome. The patient doesn’t have new complaint with no definite increase in the diameter of the cyst. In this case presentation we are discussing the Zinner syndrome’s imaging findings from a pediatric radiologist approach with a brief review of the literature.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip: impact of sonographic newborn hip screening on the outcome of early treated decentered hip joints-a single center retrospective comparative cohort study based on Graf's method of hip ultrasonography.

Science.gov (United States)

Tschauner, Christian; Fürntrath, Frank; Saba, Yasaman; Berghold, Andrea; Radl, Roman

2011-12-01

PURPOSE/BACKGROUND/INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the impact of neonatal sonographic hip screening using Graf's method for the management and outcome of orthopaedic treatment of decentered hip joints with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), using three decades (1978-2007) of clinical information compiled in a medical database. Three representative cohorts of consecutive cases of decentered hip joints were selected according to different search criteria and inclusion and exclusion parameters: (1) cohort 1 (1978-1982; n = 80), without sonographic screening; (2) cohort 2.1 (1994-1996; n = 91), with nationwide established general sonographic screening according to the Graf-method; (3) cohort 2.2 (2003-2005; n = 91), with sonographic screening including referred cases for open reduction from non-screened populations. These three cohorts were compared for the following parameters: age at initial treatment, successful closed reduction, necessary overhead traction, necessary adductor-tenotomy, rate of open reduction, rate of avascular necrosis (AVN) and rate of secondary acetabuloplasty. The age at initial treatment was reduced from 5.5 months in the first cohort to 2 months in the two subsequent two cohorts and the rate of successful closed reduction increased from 88.7 to 98.9 and 95.6%, respectively. There was a statistically significant improvement in six out of seven parameters with sonographic hip screening; only the rate of secondary acetabuloplasty did not improve significantly. Compared to the era before the institution of a sonographic hip screening programme according to the Graf-method in Austria in 1992, ultrasound screening based-treatment of decentered hip joints has become safer, shorter and simpler: "safer" means lower rate of AVN, "shorter" means less treatment time due to earlier onset and "simpler" means that the devices are now less invasive and highly standardized.

Posterior urethral obstruction: Prenatal sonographic findings and clinical outcome in 12 cases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Russ, P.D.; Hayden, S.A.; Pretorius, D.H.; Manco-Johnson, M.L.

1986-01-01

Twelve cases of fetal urethral obstruction were reviewed retrospectively. A dilated posterior urethra was identified in eight fetuses (67%) and an enlarged bladder in 11 (92%). Ureterectasis, pyelocalicectasis, increased renal echogenicity, and renal cysts suggest abnormal renal development. Ureterectasis was demonstrated in seven fetuses (58%) and pyelocalicectasis in ten (83%). Renal echogenicity was increased in eight of ten cases (80%) and renal cysts were identified in two cases. Decreased amniotic fluid volume complicated ten pregnancies (83%). There were six live births, but only two neonates survived more than 5 weeks. Pulmonary immaturity contributed to the four postnatal deaths

Renal cell carcinoma in patient with crossed fused renal ectopia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ozgur Cakmak

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Primary renal cell carcinomas have rarely been reported in patients with crossed fused renal ectopia. We presented a patient with right to left crossed fused kidney harbouring renal tumor. The most frequent tumor encountered in crossed fused renal ectopia is renal cell carcinoma. In this case, partial nephrectomy was performed which pave way to preservation of the uninvolved both renal units. Due to unpredictable anatomy, careful preoperative planning and meticulous delineation of renal vasculature is essential for preservation of the uninvolved renal units.

Primary breast lymphoma in an immunocompromised male patient: A case report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yim, Bong Guk; Park, Jeong Seon; Koo, Hye Ryoung; Kim, Soo Yeon; Jang, Ki Seok; Kim, Jin Young; Choi, Yun Young

2015-01-01

Primary breast lymphoma in a male patient is extremely rare. We report a case of primary breast lymphoma in an immunocompromised male patient, after renal transplantation. The sonographic and histological features are described in depth

Primary breast lymphoma in an immunocompromised male patient: A case report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yim, Bong Guk; Park, Jeong Seon; Koo, Hye Ryoung; Kim, Soo Yeon; Jang, Ki Seok [Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Jin Young; Choi, Yun Young [Dept. of Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri (Korea, Republic of)

2015-10-15

Primary breast lymphoma in a male patient is extremely rare. We report a case of primary breast lymphoma in an immunocompromised male patient, after renal transplantation. The sonographic and histological features are described in depth.

Sonographic identification of drug containers in the gastrointestinal tract

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alzen, G.; Banning, S.; Guenther, R.

1987-01-01

A 'body-pack' is a swallowed plastic or rubber container used by drug smugglers to carry drugs. We report our experience in diagnoses of such packs in vivo. We simulated the pack by stuffing a fingerstall of a latex handglove with a mixture of 10% barium powder and flour to render it radiopaque. Eight serial examinations were made. In each series, an adult Alsatian dog was fed upto 10 such 'body-packs'. The passage of these packs through the gastrointestinal tract was followed at 2, 24 and 48 hours postprandially. Immediately after each sonographic localisation of 'body-pack' was made, an X-ray examination of the abdomen in this region was also carried out. Ultrasound correctly determined the position of the 'body-pack' in 20 out of 24 examinations as compared to X-ray results. In 4 cases ultrasound could not confirm the location of the 'pack'. (orig.) [de

Validation of prediction model for successful vaginal birth after Cesarean delivery based on sonographic assessment of hysterotomy scar.

Science.gov (United States)

Baranov, A; Salvesen, K Å; Vikhareva, O

2018-02-01

To validate a prediction model for successful vaginal birth after Cesarean delivery (VBAC) based on sonographic assessment of the hysterotomy scar, in a Swedish population. Data were collected from a prospective cohort study. We recruited non-pregnant women aged 18-35 years who had undergone one previous low-transverse Cesarean delivery at ≥ 37 gestational weeks and had had no other uterine surgery. Participants who subsequently became pregnant underwent transvaginal ultrasound examination of the Cesarean hysterotomy scar at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 and at 19 + 0 to 21 + 6 gestational weeks. Thickness of the myometrium at the thinnest part of the scar area was measured. After delivery, information on pregnancy outcome was retrieved from hospital records. Individual probabilities of successful VBAC were calculated using a previously published model. Predicted individual probabilities were divided into deciles. For each decile, observed VBAC rates were calculated. To assess the accuracy of the prediction model, receiver-operating characteristics curves were constructed and the areas under the curves (AUC) were calculated. Complete sonographic data were available for 120 women. Eighty (67%) women underwent trial of labor after Cesarean delivery (TOLAC) with VBAC occurring in 70 (88%) cases. The scar was visible in all 80 women at the first-trimester scan and in 54 (68%) women at the second-trimester scan. AUC was 0.44 (95% CI, 0.28-0.60) among all women who underwent TOLAC and 0.51 (95% CI, 0.32-0.71) among those with the scar visible sonographically at both ultrasound examinations. The prediction model demonstrated poor accuracy for prediction of successful VBAC in our Swedish population. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Sonographic and Clinical Features of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma Less than or Equal to Five Millimeters: A Retrospective Study.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xingjian Lai

Full Text Available To retrospectively compare the sonographic and clinical features of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC ≤5 mm and PTMC >5 mm to improve the diagnostic value of ultrasonography.A total of 367 cases of PTMC between January 2013 and December 2014 was included in this study. The patients were classified into group A (≤5 mm, n = 181 or group B (>5 mm, n = 186, and the sonographic and clinical features were reviewed and compared between the two groups.There was no significant difference in the shape, ratio of length/width, boundary, peripheral halo ring, echogenicity, cystic change and accompanying Hashimoto's thyroiditis between these two groups. However, the calcification (61.3% vs. 72.6% and hypervascularity (13.8% vs. 24.7% were more frequent in group B (p = 0.026 and 0.008, respectively. The patients were younger, and more patients were aged less than 45 years (41.4% vs. 57.0% in group B. Capsular invasion (7.2% vs. 34.4%, multifocality (21.5% vs. 48.9%, bilaterality (17.1% vs. 39.8%, central lymph node metastasis (13.8% vs. 38.2% and lateral lymph node metastasis (1.1% vs. 5.4% were more frequent in group B. No clinical or sonographic feature was related to cervical lymph node metastasis in group A, while less than 45 years in age (p = 0.010, male gender (p = 0.040, capsular invasion (p5 mm, including an irregular shape, a length/width ratio of ≥1, an unclear boundary, no peripheral halo ring, hypoechogenicity, no cystic change, calcification, no hypervascularity and no accompanying Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The clinical features of PTMC ≤5 mm were less aggressive than those of PTMC >5 mm.

Accurate perioperative flow measurement of the portal vein and hepatic and renal artery: A role for preoperative MRI?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vermeulen, Mechteld A.R., E-mail: mar.vermeulen@vumc.nl [Department of Surgery, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam (Netherlands); Ligthart-Melis, Gerdien C., E-mail: g.ligthart-melis@vumc.nl [Department of Internal Medicine, Dietetics and Nutritional Sciences, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam (Netherlands); Buijsman, René, E-mail: renebuysman@gmail.com [Department of Surgery, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam (Netherlands); Siroen, Michiel P.C., E-mail: m.siroen6@upcmail.nl [Department of Surgery, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam (Netherlands); Poll, Marcel C.G. van de, E-mail: mcg.vandepoll@ah.unimaas.nl [Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht (Netherlands); Boelens, Petra G., E-mail: p.boelens@mumc.nl [Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht (Netherlands); Dejong, Cornelis H.C., E-mail: chc.dejong@mumc.nl [Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht (Netherlands); Schaik, Cors van, E-mail: c.vanschaik@vumc.nl [Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam (Netherlands); Hofman, Mark B.M., E-mail: mbm.hofman@vumc.nl [Department of Physics and Medical Technology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam (Netherlands); Leeuwen, Paul A.M. van, E-mail: pam.vleeuwen@vumc.nl [Department of Surgery, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam (Netherlands)

2012-09-15

Background: Quantification of abdominal blood flow is essential for a variety of gastrointestinal and hepatic topics such as liver transplantation or metabolic flux measurement, but those need to be performed during surgery. It is not clear whether Duplex Doppler Ultrasound during surgery or MRI before surgery is the tool to choose. Objective: To examine whether preoperative evaluation of abdominal blood flow using MRI could prove to be a useful and reliable alternative for the perioperative sonographic approach. Methods: In this study portal and renal venous flow and hepatic arterial flow were sequentially quantified by preoperative MRI, preoperative and perioperative Duplex Doppler Ultrasound (DDUS). 55 Patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery were studied and methods and settings were compared. Additionally, average patient population values were compared. Results: Mean (±SD) plasmaflow measured by perioperative DDUS, preoperative DDUS and MRI, respectively was 433 ± 200/423 ± 162/507 ± 96 ml/min (portal vein); 96 ± 70/74 ± 41/108 ± 91 ml/min (hepatic artery); 248 ± 139/201 ± 118/219 ± 69 ml/min (renal vein). No differences between the different settings of DDUS measurement were detected. Equality of mean was observed for all measurements. Bland Altman Plots showed widespread margins. Hepatic arterial flow measurements correlated with each other, but portal and renal venous flow correlations were absent. Conclusions: Surgery and method (DDUS vs. MRI) do not affect mean flow values. Individual comparison is restricted due to wide range in measurements. Since MRI proves to be more reliable with respect to inter-observer variability, we recommend using mean MRI results in experimental setups.

Efficacy of ultrasonography-guided renal biopsy for the evaluation of renal dysfunction following renal transplantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Young Jae; Choi, Chul Soon; Min, Seon Jeong; Lee, Gyung Kyu; Lee, Eil Seong; Kang, Ik Won; Bae, Sang Hoon

2003-01-01

To evaluate the usefulness and complications of renal biopsy under ultrasonography-guidance in renal dysfunction after renal transplantation. Ultrasonography-guided renal biopsy was done in 47 patients with the transplanted kidney. The subjects consisted of 30 males and 17 females, age ranged from 16 to 66 years (average age=38 years). Biopsies were done once in 27 patients, twice in 17 patients, three times in 3 patients, a total of 70 biopsies. The success rate of renal biopsy for the accurate pathologic diagnosis and the incidence and types of complications following biopsy were evaluated. The success rate of renal biopsy for the accurate pathologic diagnosis was 96%(67/70). Pathologic diagnosis included 27 cases of acute rejection (39%), 8 cases of acute tubular necrosis (11%), 4 cases of acute rejection and acute tubular necrosis (6%), 4 cases of cyclosporin toxicity (6%), 4 cases of primary disease recurrence (6%), 4 cases of infection (6%) and others. Complications after renal biopsy included 15 cases of microscopic hematuria (21%), 1 case of gross hematuria with spontaneous cessation and 1 case of life threatening hemorrhage. Ultrasonography-guided renal biopsy is a safe and effective diagnostic method for the evaluation of renal dysfunction following renal transplantation.

Functional evaluation of the urinary tract by color-Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) in 100 patients with renal colic

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pepe, Pietro E-mail: piepepe@hotmail.com; Motta, Luigi; Pennisi, Michele; Aragona, Francesco

2005-01-01

Introduction and objective: To evaluate if the addition of a renal color-Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) in the setting of acute renal colic improves the sensitivity of conventional sonography. Materials and methods: Between July 2002 and June 2003, 100 patients (median 49 years) with renal colic have been evaluated. Within 24 h of the admission, a CDU study of the urinary tract was performed using a sonograph GE Logiq 500 PRO with a multifrequency (3-5 MHz) convex probe. The following parameters were evaluated: ultrasonography (US) of both kidneys, ureters and bladder; resistive index (RI) of the arciform arteries of both kidneys in three different parenchymal areas; ureteric jets in response to hydration. A renal RI >0.70 and/or a 10% difference between the kidneys were considered as diagnostic of obstructive uropathy; an asymmetric and/or reduced ureteric jet from the ureteric orifices was an additional indicator of obstruction. All patients underwent a CT scan both with and without the administration of contrast medium. Results: Enhanced helical CT demonstrated an urinary stone in 90 out of the 100 patients (90%): 29 pyelic, 28 at the pyelo-ureteral junction, 23 lumbo-iliac and 10 juxtavesical stones. Among 90 patients with urolithiasis, the stone was undetectable with US in 11 cases (12.2%); in 8 cases (8.9%) pyelocalicectasis was absent, and in 6 patients (6.6%) a non-obstructive hydronephrosis was present. Median RI in obstructed and non-obstructed kidney was 0.73 (range 0.71-0.87) versus 0.62 (0.50-0.68), respectively; in two, obstructed kidneys RI was <0.70 but greater than 10% compared with normal side. Sensitivity and specificity of US, CDU (RI + ureteric jet), unenhanced helical CT and CDU in association with unenhanced helical CT were 94.8 and 55.5, 98.9 and 90.9, 100 and 100%, respectively. Discussion and conclusions: CDU in patients with renal colic and/or pelvicalicectasis improves the diagnostic accuracy of US in distinguishing between obstructive

“Transcollateral” Renal Angioplasty for a Completely Occluded Renal Artery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chandra, Subash; Chadha, Davinder S.; Swamy, Ajay

2011-01-01

Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty with stenting has been effective in the control of hypertension, renal function, and pulmonary edema caused by atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis. However, the role of the procedure has not been fully established in the context of chronic total occlusion of renal artery. We report the successful use of this procedure in 57-year-old male patient who reported for evaluation of a recent episode of accelerated hypertension. A renal angiogram in this patient showed ostial stenosis of the right renal artery, which was filling by way of the collateral artery. Renal angioplasty for chronic total occlusion of right renal artery was successfully performed in a retrograde fashion through a collateral artery, thereby leading to improvement of renal function and blood pressure control.

Sonographic evaluation of plantar fasciitis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoon, Sook Ja; Choi, Yun Sun; Tien, Kuang Lung; Jung, Hye Jeon; Lee, Kyoung Tae; Yoon, Yong Kyu [Eulji College of Medicine Eulji Hospital, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1999-03-01

To evaluate the sonographic findings of plantar fasciitis. Both feet of 30 patients(mean age, 44years) in whom plantar fasciitis had been clinically diagnosed, and those of healthy volunteers(mean age, 34years) were evaluated with ultrasound(US) using a 7.0MHz linear array transducer. Heel pain was unilateral in 26 patients and bilateral in four. Sagittal sonograms were obtained in the prone position, and the thickness of the plantar fascia was measured at its proximal end near its insertion into the calcaneus. We also evaluated hypoechoic fascia, perifascial fluid collection, fiber rupture, calcaneal spur and calcifications. Plantar fascia thickness was significantly greater in the heels of patients with plantar fasciitis(3.2-8mm; mean, 5.1{+-}1.12) than in their asymptomatic heels(1.3-5mm; mean, 3.5{+-}0.78)(p<0.0001), in which it was similar to that of heels of patients in the control group(1.8-5mm; mean, 3.0{+-}0.71)(p<0.0001). The proximal plantar fascia was hypoechoic in 31 symptomatic heels(91.2%), in four asymptomatic heels(15.4%), and in none of the patients in the control group. Calcaneal spurs were identified in sixteen symptomatic heels(47.1%), and in two which were asymptomatic(7.7%). Perifascial fluid collection was identified in only two symptomatic heels(5.9%). In plantar fasciitis, sonography demonstrates that the fascia is thicker as well as hypoechic. For the clinical diagnosis of planter fasciitis, US can therefore be used as an adjunct to clinical diagnosis.

Sonographic evaluation of plantar fasciitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yoon, Sook Ja; Choi, Yun Sun; Tien, Kuang Lung; Jung, Hye Jeon; Lee, Kyoung Tae; Yoon, Yong Kyu

1999-01-01

To evaluate the sonographic findings of plantar fasciitis. Both feet of 30 patients(mean age, 44years) in whom plantar fasciitis had been clinically diagnosed, and those of healthy volunteers(mean age, 34years) were evaluated with ultrasound(US) using a 7.0MHz linear array transducer. Heel pain was unilateral in 26 patients and bilateral in four. Sagittal sonograms were obtained in the prone position, and the thickness of the plantar fascia was measured at its proximal end near its insertion into the calcaneus. We also evaluated hypoechoic fascia, perifascial fluid collection, fiber rupture, calcaneal spur and calcifications. Plantar fascia thickness was significantly greater in the heels of patients with plantar fasciitis(3.2-8mm; mean, 5.1±1.12) than in their asymptomatic heels(1.3-5mm; mean, 3.5±0.78)(p<0.0001), in which it was similar to that of heels of patients in the control group(1.8-5mm; mean, 3.0±0.71)(p<0.0001). The proximal plantar fascia was hypoechoic in 31 symptomatic heels(91.2%), in four asymptomatic heels(15.4%), and in none of the patients in the control group. Calcaneal spurs were identified in sixteen symptomatic heels(47.1%), and in two which were asymptomatic(7.7%). Perifascial fluid collection was identified in only two symptomatic heels(5.9%). In plantar fasciitis, sonography demonstrates that the fascia is thicker as well as hypoechic. For the clinical diagnosis of planter fasciitis, US can therefore be used as an adjunct to clinical diagnosis

Sonographic templates of newborn perforator stroke.

Science.gov (United States)

Abels, Lyanne; Lequin, Maarten; Govaert, Paul

2006-07-01

Many paediatric strokes occur in the perinatal period. Improvement in neuroimaging has increased detection in newborns with neurological symptoms. To define sonographic templates of neonatal stroke in the territory of perforators of the anterior choroidal artery (AChA) and the anterior (ACA), middle (MCA) and posterior (PCA) cerebral arteries. In 24 neonates with perforator stroke, we retrospectively studied antenatal and perinatal events. Brain sonography was performed with an 8.5-MHz probe. Only hyperechoic lesions in the thalamus and/or striatum and/or centrum semiovale were included. MRI was obtained using a 1.5-T machine. We detected 28 perforator strokes in 24 infants (6 preterm): 5 MCA medial striate, 8 MCA lateral striate, 3 MCA centrum semiovale, 4 ACA Heubner's, 5 PCA thalamic arteries, 1 AChA, and 2 hypothalamic perforators. We attributed clinical seizures to stroke in two infants only. Catheter-related embolism (certain in three, possible in six others) and birth trauma (two) were probable causes. Specific conditions were found in six others. Only one infant (in nine evaluated) had an increased prothrombotic risk (fII mutation). In describing the lesions, we focused on the templates of infarction as seen in a parasagittal US sweep. Infarcts were confirmed by MRI in 21 patients. Our study showed that infarct topography can be evaluated reliably with brain sonography. This is important given the asymptomatic character of most lesions.

Utility of sonographic measurement of the common tensor tendon in patients with lateral epicondylitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Min Hee; Cha, Jang Gyu; Jin, Wook; Kim, Byung Sung; Park, Jai Soung; Lee, Hae Kyung; Hong, Hyun Sook

2011-06-01

The purpose of this article is to evaluate prospectively the utility of sonographic measurements of the common extensor tendon for diagnosing lateral epicondylitis. Forty-eight patients with documented lateral epicondylitis and 63 healthy volunteers were enrolled and underwent ultrasound of the elbow joint. The common extensor tendon overlying the bony landmark was scanned transversely, and the cross-section area and the maximum thickness were measured. Clinical examination was used as the reference standard in the diagnosis of lateral epicondylitis. Data from the patient and control groups were compared with established optimal diagnostic criteria for lateral epicondylitis using receiver operating characteristic curves. Qualitative evaluation with grayscale ultrasound was also performed on patients and healthy volunteers. The common extensor tendon was significantly thicker in patients with lateral epicondylitis than in control subjects (p lateral epicondylitis. For qualitative evaluation with gray-scale ultrasound, overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy values in the diagnosis of lateral epicondylitis were 76.5%, 76.2%, and 76.3%, respectively. The quantitative sonographic measurements had an excellent diagnostic performance for lateral epicondylitis, as well as good or excellent interreader agreement. A common extensor tendon cross-section area greater than or equal to 32 mm(2) and a thickness of 4.2 mm correlated well with the presence of lateral epicondylitis. However, further prospective study is necessary to determine whether quantitative ultrasound with these cutoff values can improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of lateral epicondylitis.

Sonographic and Clinical Features of Upper Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis in Critical Care Patients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michael Blaivas

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Background-Aim. Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT is an increasingly recognized problem in the critically ill. We sought to identify the prevalence of and risk factors for UEDVT, and to characterize sonographically detected thrombi in the critical care setting. Patients and Methods. Three hundred and twenty patients receiving a subclavian or internal jugular central venous catheter (CVC were included. When an UEDVT was detected, therapeutic anticoagulation was started. Additionally, a standardized ultrasound scan was performed to detect the extent of the thrombus. Images were interpreted offline by two independent readers. Results. Thirty-six (11.25% patients had UEDVT and a complete scan was performed. One (2.7% of these patients died, and 2 had pulmonary embolism (5.5%. Risk factors associated with UEDVT were presence of CVC [(odds ratio (OR 2.716, P=0.007], malignancy (OR 1.483, P=0.036, total parenteral nutrition (OR 1.399, P=0.035, hypercoagulable state (OR 1.284, P=0.045, and obesity (OR 1.191, P=0.049. Eight thrombi were chronic, and 28 were acute. We describe a new sonographic sign which characterized acute thrombosis: a double hyperechoic line at the interface between the thrombus and the venous wall; but its clinical significance remains to be defined. Conclusion. Presence of CVC was a strong predictor for the development of UEDVT in a cohort of critical care patients; however, the rate of subsequent PE and related mortality was low.

Influences of renal stone surgeries on renal function; Evaluation of renal function with sup 99m Tc-DMSA renal scintigraphy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Katayama, Yasushi (Niigata Univ. (Japan). School of Medicine)

1991-10-01

From 1984 to 1990, {sup 99m}Tc-DMSA renal scintigraphy was performed before and after nephrolithotomy (15 cases), pyelolithotomy (15 cases), percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PNL: 15 cases) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL: 16 cases, 17 kidneys) in order to evaluate of influences of renal stone surgeries on split renal function. DMSA renal uptake change ratio of treated kidneys of nephrolithotomy (-24.94{+-}5.60%) was significantly lower than that of PNL (-0.06{+-}3.92%), pyelolithotomy (-4.08{+-}4.79%) (p<0.01) and ESWL (-7.72{+-}3.87%) (p<0.05). The average change ratios of contralateral kidneys were as follows: PNL 4.80{+-}4.21% nephrolithotomy 4.67{+-}4.73%, pyelolithotomy -1.46{+-}5.39% and ESWL -2.02{+-}4.44%. One to 3 weeks after PNL, the cold area on the renal image was found in 10 (66.7%) of 15 cases. In cases of ESWL, DMSA renal uptake decreased even 4-10 weeks (mean 7 weeks) after treatment. In conclusion, possibility of deterioration of renal function after ESWL was suggested. (author).

Correlation between sonographic diagnosis and histopathological results ofgallbladder poliposis in Good Hope Clinic 2008-2014

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emiliano Contreras Castro

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Objective: To determine the correlation between sonographic diagnosis and histopathological results of gallbladder polyposis and find the positive predictive value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of this pathology. Material and Methods: It is a non experimental, transversal, descriptive and correlational study with a sample composed of all patients operated with a diagnosis of gallbladder polyps in the Good Hope Clinic between the years 2008 and 2014. A total of 128 patients were observed. Histopathological and sonographic reports of these patients were reviewed and the statistical correlation of both studies was sought by the test of Spearman. Results: Reveals that 67,2% were females and 32,8% were males; the average age was 43,4 years; 74,2% presented polyps by histopathological examination, of which 94,7% were pseudopolyps, with 82 % cases of cholesterolpolyps, only 5,3% were true polyps (adenomas and none of them were malignant. The positive predictive value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of gallbladder polyposis was 74,21%. According to the Spearman coefficient the correlation between the number of polyps by ultrasonography and histopathology was low, direct and significant (Rho = 0,189; p = 0,032. Conclusions: We conclude that there is a correlation between the ultrasound diagnosis and histopathological result of gallbladder polyps and ultrasound can be considered a reliable method for the diagnosis of gallbladder polyps.

Mammographic and sonographic findings of steatocystoma multiplex presenting as breast lumps.

Science.gov (United States)

Wan, John Mun Chin; Wong, Jill Su Lin; Tee, Shang-Ian

2012-12-01

Steatocystoma multiplex (SM) is an uncommon cutaneous disorder characterised by multiple intradermal cysts distributed over the trunk and proximal extremities. This condition affects both genders and is often inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, although sporadic cases have been described. This report describes the mammographic and sonographic features of the cysts, which presented as breast lumps, for evaluation. The cysts appeared as numerous well-circumscribed, radiolucent nodules with thin radiodense rims on mammography. On sonography, the cysts could be hypoechoic, isoechoic or demonstrate mixed echoes containing debris-fluid levels, depending on the amount of clear oily liquid and keratinous material. SM can be diagnosed based on a clinical setting of multiple asymptomatic small intradermal nodules over the trunk and proximal extremities, positive family history and imaging findings.

Renal Osteodystrophy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aynur Metin Terzibaşoğlu

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Chronic renal insufficiency is a functional definition which is characterized by irreversible and progressive decreasing in renal functions. This impairment is in collaboration with glomeruler filtration rate and serum creatinine levels. Besides this, different grades of bone metabolism disorders develop in chronic renal insufficiency. Pathologic changes in bone tissue due to loss of renal paranchyme is interrelated with calcium, phosphorus vitamine-D and parathyroid hormone. Clinically we can see high turnover bone disease, low turnover bone disease, osteomalacia, osteosclerosis and osteoporosis in renal osteodystropy. In this article we aimed to review pathology of bone metabolism disorders due to chronic renal insufficiency, clinic aspects and treatment approaches briefly.

The natural history of developmental dysplasia of the hip: sonographic findings in infants of 1-3 months of age

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Roovers, E.A.; Boere-Boonekamp, Magdalena M.; Mostert, Adriaan K.; Castelein, René M.; Zielhuis, Gerhard A.; Kerkhoff, Antoon

2005-01-01

The natural history of sonographic developmental dysplasia of the hip was determined in a population-based study in which 5170 infants were screened by ultrasound using Graf's method. Of the normal hips at the age of 1 month, 99.6% were still normal at the age of 3 months. Of the immature type

CT differentiation of infiltrating renal cell carcinoma and renal urothelial tumor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choi, Hyo Kyeong; Goo, Dong Erk; Bang, Sun Woo; Lee, Moon Gyu; Cho, Kyoung Sik; Auh, Yong Ho

1994-01-01

It may be difficult to differentiate renal cell carcinoma involving collecting system from renal urothelial tumor invading into renal parenchyma. The purpose of this study was to assess the differences of CT findings between two conditions. CT findings of 5 cases of renal cell carcinoma involving the renal collecting systems and 10 cases of renal urothelial tumors invading the renal parenchyma were compared, and analyzed about the presence or absence of hydronephrosis, normal or abnormal CT nephrogram, renal contour changes due to mass and tentative diagnosis. The diagnoses were confirmed at surgery. Renal cell carcinoma showed hydronephrosis in only 20% and normal CT nephrogram and outward contour bulging in all cases. In contrast, renal urothelial tumor showed hydronephrosis(70%), abnormal CT nephrogram(60%), and preservation of reinform shape(100%). Renal contour changes and CT nephrogram may be useful in distinguishing both disease entities

Neonatal periventricular leukomalacia: real-time sonographic diagnosis with CT correlation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chow, P.P.; Horgan, J.G.; Taylor, K.J.W.

1985-01-01

The utility of real-time sonography in the diagnosis of neonatal periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) has been described only recently. Six cases are reported of PVL diagnosed by serial real-time scanning. The sonographic findings were correlated with the computed tomographic findings and the clinical history. In five of six infants in whom scanning was performed, characteristic multiseptated periventricular cavitations developed 2-3 weeks after birth or later. A transition from normal to increased periventricular echogenicity was often observed before the development of the periventricular cavitations in nonhemorrhagic PVL. The parenchymal abnormality demonstrated by sonography correlated well with an abnormal neurologic outcome. It is suggested that serial real-time scanning be performed in neonates whose history suggests the possibility of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Nonspecific predictors of PVL include seizures, apnea, disturbed mental status, abnormal muscle tone, and leg weakness

Predicting postnatal renal function of prenatally detected posterior urethral valves using fetal diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with apparent diffusion coefficient determination.

Science.gov (United States)

Faure, Alice; Panait, Nicoleta; Panuel, Michel; Alessandrini, Pierre; D'Ercole, Claude; Chaumoitre, Kathia; Merrot, Thierry

2017-07-01

The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of fetal diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) determination to predict postnatal renal function (nadir creatinine at 1 year and eGFR) of men with posterior urethral valves (PUV). Between 2003 and 2014, 11 MRI were performed on fetuses (between 28 and 32 weeks) in whom second trimester sonography suggested severe bilateral urinary tract anomalies, suspected of PUV. The ADC of the 11 fetuses ranged from 1.3 to 2.86 mm 2  s -1 (median = 1.79 mm 2  s -1 , normal range for fetal kidney: 1.1-1.8). Two pregnancies with ADC > 2.6 mm 2  s -1 were interrupted; the autopsy confirmed PUV and Potter syndrome. For the remaining nine babies, the follow-up was 5.4 years (0.8-10). Four children with abnormal ADC (1.8-2.3) had chronic kidney disease. The remaining five cases with normal nadir creatinine and eGFR had normal ADC. One case with unilateral elevated ADC had a poor ipsilateral renal function on dimercaptosuccinic acid scan. Here, it seems that diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with ADC determination could be useful in accurately evaluating fetal kidneys in PUV and predicting renal function. It may be an additional, non-invasive method when biologic and sonographic findings are inconclusive, especially in the case of oligohydramnios. Further studies are needed to confirm our data. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The renal scan in pregnant renal transplant patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goldstein, H.A.; Ziessman, H.A.; Fahey, F.H.; Collea, J.V.; Alijani, M.R.; Helfrich, G.B.

1985-01-01

With the greater frequency of renal transplant surgery, more female pts are becoming pregnant and carrying to term. In the renal allograft blood vessels and ureter may be compressed resulting in impaired renal function and/or, hypertension. Toxemia of pregnancy is seen more frequently than normal. Radionuclide renal scan monitoring may be of significant value in this high risk obstetrical pt. After being maintained during the pregnancy, renal function may also deteriorate in the post partum period. 5 pregnant renal transplant pts who delivered live babies had renal studies with Tc-99m DTPA to assess allograft perfusion and function. No transplanted kidney was lost during or after pregnancy as a result of pregnancy. No congenital anomalies were associated with transplant management. 7 studies were performed on these 5 pts. The 7 scans all showed the uterus/placenta. The bladder was always distorted. The transplanted kidney was rotated to a more vertical position in 3 pts. The radiation dose to the fetus is calculated at 0.024 rad/mCi administered. This study demonstrates the anatomic and physiologic alterations expected in the transplanted kidney during pregnancy when evaluated by renal scan and that the radiation burden may be acceptable in management of these pts

Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of focal musculoskeletal anomalies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ryu, Jung-Kyu; Cho, Jeong-Yeon; Choi, Jong-Sun

2003-01-01

Focal musculoskeletal anomalies vary, and can manifest as part of a syndrome or be accompanied by numerous other conditions such as genetic disorders, karyotype abnormalities, central nervous system anomalies and other skeletal anomalies, lsolated focal musculoskeletal anomaly does, however, also occur; its early prenatal diagnosis is important in deciding prenatal care, and also helps in counseling parents about the postnatal effects of numerous possible associated anomalies. We have encountered 50 cases involving focal musculoskeletal anomalies, including total limb dysplasia [radial ray abnormality (n=3), mesomelic dysplasia (n=1)]; anomalies of the hand [polydactyly (n=8), syndactyly (n=3), ectrodactyly (n=1), clinodactyly (n=6), clenched hand (n=5)]; anomalies of the foot [clubfoot (n=10), rockerbottom foot (n=5), sandal gap deformity (n=1), curly toe (n=2)]; amniotic band syndrome (n=3); and anomalies of the focal spine [block vertebra (n=1), hemivertebra (n=1)]. Among these 50 cases, five [polydactyly (n=1), syndactyly (n=2) and curly toe (n=2) were confirmed by postnatal physical evaluation, two (focal spine anomalies) were diagnosed after postnatal radiologic examination, and the remaining 43 were proven at autopsy. For each condition, we describe the prenatal sonographic findings, and include a brief review

Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of focal musculoskeletal anomalies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ryu, Jung-Kyu; Cho, Jeong-Yeon; Choi, Jong-Sun [Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2003-12-15

Focal musculoskeletal anomalies vary, and can manifest as part of a syndrome or be accompanied by numerous other conditions such as genetic disorders, karyotype abnormalities, central nervous system anomalies and other skeletal anomalies, lsolated focal musculoskeletal anomaly does, however, also occur; its early prenatal diagnosis is important in deciding prenatal care, and also helps in counseling parents about the postnatal effects of numerous possible associated anomalies. We have encountered 50 cases involving focal musculoskeletal anomalies, including total limb dysplasia [radial ray abnormality (n=3), mesomelic dysplasia (n=1)]; anomalies of the hand [polydactyly (n=8), syndactyly (n=3), ectrodactyly (n=1), clinodactyly (n=6), clenched hand (n=5)]; anomalies of the foot [clubfoot (n=10), rockerbottom foot (n=5), sandal gap deformity (n=1), curly toe (n=2)]; amniotic band syndrome (n=3); and anomalies of the focal spine [block vertebra (n=1), hemivertebra (n=1)]. Among these 50 cases, five [polydactyly (n=1), syndactyly (n=2) and curly toe (n=2) were confirmed by postnatal physical evaluation, two (focal spine anomalies) were diagnosed after postnatal radiologic examination, and the remaining 43 were proven at autopsy. For each condition, we describe the prenatal sonographic findings, and include a brief review.

Renal perfusion scintiscan

Science.gov (United States)

... Radionuclide renal perfusion scan; Perfusion scintiscan - renal; Scintiscan - renal perfusion Images Kidney anatomy Kidney - blood and urine flow Intravenous pyelogram References Rottenberg G, Andi AC. Renal ...

Laparoscopic Colectomy for a Patient with Congenital Renal Agenesis

African Journals Online (AJOL)

We present a very rare case of laparoscopic colectomy for a patient with ascending colon cancer and an agenetic right kidney. A 57‑year‑old man visited our institute for further evaluation for a positive fecal occult blood test. Approximately, 20 years earlier, the right kidney of the patient was found to be congenitally absent.

A case of obstructed hemivagina with ipsilateral renal agenesis

African Journals Online (AJOL)

A.S. El-agwany

The patient is usually young and presents with dysmenorrhea. The diagnosis is frequently delayed. Early diagnosis and excision of the vaginal septum will relieve the patient of her symptoms and prevents subsequent development of endometriosis and infertility. Case report. 22-year-old female presented to our clinic with ...

Laparoscopic Colectomy for a Patient with Congenital Renal Agenesis

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2013-10-07

the tumor could not be elevated by injection of saline into ... on Monday, October 07, 2013, IP: 41.135.175.93] || Click here to download free Android application for this journal .... the ureter facilitate the safe treatment of patients with congenital ...

Proverb comprehension in individuals with agenesis of the corpus callosum.

Science.gov (United States)

Rehmel, Jamie L; Brown, Warren S; Paul, Lynn K

2016-09-01

Comprehension of non-literal language involves multiple neural systems likely involving callosal connections. We describe proverb comprehension impairments in individuals with isolated agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) and normal-range general intelligence. Experiment 1 compared Gorham Proverb Test (Gorham, 1956) performance in 19 adults with AgCC and 33 neurotypical control participants of similar age, sex, and intelligence. Experiment 2 used the Proverbs subtest of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS, 2001) to compare 19 adults with AgCC and 17 control participants with similar age, sex, and intelligence. Gorham Proverbs performance was impaired in the AgCC group for both the free-response and multiple-choice tasks. On the D-KEFS proverbs test, the AgCC group performed significantly worse on the free-response task (and all derivative scores) despite normal levels of performance on the multiple-choice task. Covarying verbal intelligence did not alter these outcomes. However, covarying a measure of non-literal language comprehension considerably reduced group differences in proverb comprehension on the Gorham test, but had little effect on the D-KEFS group differences. The difference between groups seemed to be greatest when participants had to generate their own interpretation (free response), or in the multiple choice format when the test included many proverbs that were likely to be less familiar. Taken together, the results of this study clearly show that proverb comprehension is diminished in individuals with AgCC compared to their peers. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Study of acute renal insufficiency and chronic renal insufficiency using radioisotopes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Raynaud, C.

1976-01-01

Radioisotopic renal function tests are of assistance to diagnose and follow-up the course of renal insufficiency. The radioisotopic renogram is useful in assessing the response to therapy of child obstructive uropathies and evaluating renal transplant function. The renal scan is helpful, in an emergency service, to differenciate chronic renal insufficiency from acute renal insufficiency. Hg renal uptake test provides informations on physiopathological problems. Among them, the following problems are emphasized: evolution of a nonfunctioning kidney, control of the success of a reparative surgery and of bilateral obstructive uropathies with unilateral symptoms [fr

Fibromatosis of the breast mimicking an abscess: case report of unusual sonographic features.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, So Min; Lee, Ji Young; Lee, Byung Hoon; Kim, Su Young; Joo, Mee; Kim, Jae Il

2015-01-01

Fibromatosis of the breast, also known as a desmoid tumor, is extremely rare and most often appears as an aggressive lesion mimicking breast carcinoma. It lacks metastatic potential but can grow aggressively in a localized area. Ultrasonography often shows an irregular spiculated hypoechoic mass with posterior acoustic shadowing. We discuss a case of breast fibromatosis that presented as a painful palpable breast mass in a 32-year-old woman and mimicked an abscess in the sonogram. We found that this lesion displayed atypical sonographic features such as a heterogeneous echoic mass with an internal anechoic area. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Bilateral Deep Vein Thrombosis Associated with Inferior Vena Cava Agenesis in a Young Patient Manifesting as Low Back Pain

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Felipe Langer

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Congenital absence of the inferior vena cava is a rare vascular anomaly, and most cases are asymptomatic. Nevertheless, patients with inferior vena cava malformations may have increased risk of deep venous thrombosis. Particularly, cases of bilateral deep venous thrombosis may arise owing to an insufficient collateral venous drainage from the lower limbs. We hereby describe a case of a previously healthy young male patient presenting with bilateral lower limb deep venous thrombosis as the initial clinical manifestation of congenital inferior vena cava agenesis. We conclude that in young patients presenting with deep venous thrombosis, especially when thrombosis occurs spontaneously, bilaterally, or recurrently, inferior vena cava anomalies should be thoroughly investigated and ruled out as appropriate.

Distal renal tubular acidosis in recurrent renal stone formers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Osther, P J; Hansen, A B; Røhl, H F

1989-01-01

Renal acidification ability was examined in 90 recurrent renal stone formers, using fasting morning urinary pH levels followed by a short ammonium chloride loading test in subjects with pH levels above 6.0. Fifteen patients (16.6%) revealed a distal renal tubular acidification defect: one patient......, this has important therapeutic implications. The pathological sequence in renal stone formers with dRTA is discussed....

False Negative Mammogram of Breast Cancer : Analysis of Mammographic and Sonographic Findings and Correlation with Clinical Findings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Kil Jun; Lee, Ji Yeon; Han, Sung Nim; Jeong, Seong Ki; Tae, Seok; Shin, Kyoung Ja; Lee, Sang Chun

1995-01-01

Recent mammographic equipment have been of good quality and yielded high diagnostic accuracy for the detection of breast cancer. However, negative mammogram does not necessarily rule out breast cancer. Therefore were viewed cause of false negative mammography in confirmed breast cancer to improve diagnostic accuracy and for adequate clinical approach. We reviewed 19 cases of confirmed breast cancer, which showed false negative mammography with positive sonographic findings. Retrospective analysis was done by correlating the patient's age, sonographic finding and mass size, mammographic breast pattern and cause of false negative mammogram, and clinical symptoms. Among the 5 patients below 35 years in age, mass was not visible due to dense breast in 4 and due to small size in 1 case. In 14 patients over 35 years in age, 11 had normal mammographic findings, 4 had dense breast, and 7 had small sized mass. Remaining 3 cases showed asymmetric density in 2 and architecture distortion in 1 case. All showed mass lesion in sonography : ill defined malignant appearance in 14,well defined malignant appearance in 2, and well defined benign in 3 cases. Negative mammogram should be correlated with sonography in case of dense breast, below 35 years in age with palpable mass and under risk for breast cancer

Screening renal stone formers for distal renal tubular acidosis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Osther, P J; Hansen, A B; Røhl, H F

1989-01-01

A group of 110 consecutive renal stone formers were screened for distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) using morning fasting urinary pH (mfUpH) levels followed by a short ammonium chloride loading test in patients with levels above 6.0. In 14 patients (12.7%) a renal acidification defect was noted...... RTA in renal stone formers. Regardless of whether the acidification defect is primary or secondary to stone formation, however, all renal stone formers with distal RTA can expect to benefit from prophylactic alkaline therapy and it is recommended that the screening procedure, which is easy to use...

A novel mutation in two Hmong families broadens the range of STRA6-related malformations to include contractures and camptodactyly.

Science.gov (United States)

Marcadier, Julien L; Mears, Alan J; Woods, Elizabeth A; Fisher, Jamie; Airheart, Cory; Qin, Wen; Beaulieu, Chandree L; Dyment, David A; Innes, A Micheil; Curry, Cynthia J

2016-01-01

PDAC (also termed Matthew Wood) syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by pulmonary hypoplasia/aplasia, diaphragmatic defects, bilateral anophthalmia, and cardiac malformations. The disorder is caused by mutations in STRA6, an important regulator of vitamin A and retinoic acid metabolism. We describe six cases from four families of Hmong ancestry, seen over a 30 years period in California. These include: (i) consanguineous siblings with a combination of bilateral anophthalmia, diaphragmatic abnormalities, truncus arteriosus, and/or pulmonary agenesis/hypoplasia; (ii) a singleton fetus with bilateral anophthalmia, pulmonary agenesis, cardiac malformation, and renal hypoplasia; (iii) a sibling pair with a combination of antenatal contractures, camptodactyly, fused palpebral fissures, pulmonary agenesis, and/or truncus arteriosus; (iv) a fetus with bilateral anophthalmia, bushy eyebrows, pulmonary agenesis, heart malformation, and abnormal hand positioning. The phenotypic spectrum of PDAC syndrome has until now not included contractures or camptodactyly. Sequencing of STRA6 in unrelated members of families three and four identified a novel, shared homozygous splice site alteration (c.113 + 3_4delAA) that is predicted to be pathogenic. We hypothesize this may represent a unique disease allele in the Hmong. We also provide a focused review of all published PDAC syndrome cases with confirmed or inferred STRA6 mutations, illustrating the phenotypic and molecular variability that characterizes this disorder. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Acute renal infarction Secondary to Atrial Fibrillation Mimicking Renal Stone Picture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salih, Salih Bin; Al-Durihim, H.; Al-Jizeeri, A.; Al-Maziad, G.

2006-01-01

Acute renal infarction presents in a similar clinical picture to that of a renal stone. We report a 55-year-old Saudi female, known to have atrial fibrillation secondary to mitral stenosis due to rheumatic heart disease. She presented with a two day history of right flank pain that was treated initially as renal stone. Further investigations confirmed her as a case of renal infarction. Renal infarction is under-diagnosed because the similarity of its presentation to renal stone. Renal infarction should be considered in the differential diagnosis of loin pain, particularly in a patient with atrial fibrillation. (author)

Arnold-Chiari Type II Malformation: A Case Report and Review of Prenatal Sonographic Findings

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maryam Nik Nejadi

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The Arnold-Chiari malformation is a congenital abnormality of CNS, characterized by downwarddisplacement the parts of the cerebellum, fourth ventricle, pons and medulla oblongata into thespinal canal. This malformation is one of causative factor of death in neonates and infants. Athorough understanding of the direct and indirect sonographic findings is necessary for diagnosis ofChiari II malformation in the developing fetus.In this case report, we present a Chiari malformation II detected at 23 weeks of gestation by routinelysonographic screening. The Role of prenatal sonography in recognition of the malformation andprognostic value of these features are discussed.

Triplets with growth failure, microcephaly, mental retardation, nail hypoplasia and corpus callosum agenesis: is it a variant of Coffin-Siris or a new syndrome?

Science.gov (United States)

Kirel, B; Kural, N; Yakut, A; Adapinar, B

2000-01-01

We report eight-year-old triplet girls whose clinical features included microcephaly, severe mental retardation, hypoplasia of distal phalanges of both fifth and second fingers and nail hypoplasia on second fingers, dysmorphic facial features, and partial corpus callosum agenesis. During infancy, a Pavlik harness was used for congenital hip dislocation, and they had difficulty in feeding. One had been operated for patent ductus arteriosus. To our knowledge, this rare combination has not been previously reported in triplets whose clinical features closely resemble those of Coffin-Siris syndrome. The other diagnostic possibilities are also reviewed.

Sonographic evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with cirrhosis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mazzola, G.; Virdone, R.; Orlando, A.; Turri, A.; Caltagirone, M.; Fusco, G.; Parisi, P.; Cottone, M.

1989-01-01

To study the sonographic (US) evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma, 53 tumors in 45 untreated patients were observed regulary with real-time US for a period of 6 to 56 months. At the beginning, 25 tumors were hypoechoic, 18 isoechoic, 4 hyperechoic, and 6 had mixed hypo/hyper echopatterns. At the follow-up, 7 initially hypoechoic tumors had changed to hyperechoic or to mixed echopatterns; 8 hypoechoic tumors had becom isoechoic; 9 of the 25 initially hypoechoic neoplastic lesions had maintained the same echodensity. Ten of the 15 initially isoechoic tumors had changed to mixed echopatterns and 5 had remained unchanged. Three initially isoechoic lesions and a hypoechoic one had turned into diffuse patterns; 2 initially hyperechoic neoplastic lesions had remained unchanged; 1 had switched into hypoechoic, and 1 changed to mixed echopattern; 4 out of 6 tumors with echopattern had remained unchanged, 1 had become hyperechoic and 1 hypoechoic. The current study has proven variou tumors ≤3 cm in diameter to be isoechoic and most tumors >3 in diameter to have mixed hypo/hyper echopatterns. The echogenicity of small hepatocellular carcinomas increases with the tumor growth and remains unchanged when they do not increase in size

An unusual case: Renal candidiasis; Der besondere Fall: Renale Candidiasis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pautz, Doerthe [Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (Germany). Inst. fuer Radiologie

2009-03-15

A 39-year old female patient suffering from congenital spastic tetraparesis, bilateral hip dysplasia and diabetes was hospitalized as an emergency because of violent pains in the right flank which emanated paravertebrally and into the pelvis. There was no fever or ague. The anamnesis included urolithiasis on the right side 5 years ago and an ileum conduit operation after a neurogenic disturbance of micturition 22 years ago. The sonographic pictures indicated no congestion of the kidneys. To exclude urolithiasis, a low-dose CT was carried out, followed by CT after application of a contrast medium. (orig.)