Relativistic duality, and relativistic and radiative corrections for heavy-quark systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Durand, B.; Durand, L.

1982-01-01

We give a JWKB proof of a relativistic duality relation which relates an appropriate energy average of the physical cross section for e + e - →qq-bar bound states→hadrons to the same energy average of the perturbative cross section for e + e - →qq-bar. We show that the duality relation can be used effectively to estimate relativistic and radiative corrections for bound-quark systems to order α/sub s//sup ts2/. We also present a formula which relates the square of the ''large'' 3 S 1 Salpeter-Bethe-Schwinger wave function for zero space-time separation of the quarks to the square of the nonrelativistic Schroedinger wave function at the origin for an effective potential which reproduces the relativistic spectrum. This formula allows one to use the nonrelativistic wave functions obtained in potential models fitted to the psi and UPSILON spectra to calculate relativistic leptonic widths for qq-bar states via a relativistic version of the van Royen--Weisskopf formula

Point form relativistic quantum mechanics and relativistic SU(6)

Science.gov (United States)

Klink, W. H.

1993-01-01

The point form is used as a framework for formulating a relativistic quantum mechanics, with the mass operator carrying the interactions of underlying constituents. A symplectic Lie algebra of mass operators is introduced from which a relativistic harmonic oscillator mass operator is formed. Mass splittings within the degenerate harmonic oscillator levels arise from relativistically invariant spin-spin, spin-orbit, and tensor mass operators. Internal flavor (and color) symmetries are introduced which make it possible to formulate a relativistic SU(6) model of baryons (and mesons). Careful attention is paid to the permutation symmetry properties of the hadronic wave functions, which are written as polynomials in Bargmann spaces.

An overmoded relativistic backward wave oscillator with efficient dual-mode operation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xiao, Renzhen; Li, Jiawei; Bai, Xianchen; Song, Zhimin; Teng, Yan; Ye, Hu; Li, Xiaoze; Sun, Jun; Chen, Changhua; Zhang, Xiaowei

2014-01-01

A dual-mode operation mechanism in an overmoded relativistic backward wave oscillator is presented. The electron beam interacts with the −1st space harmonic of TM 01 mode synchronously in the slow wave structure. Then the backward propagating TM 01 mode is converted to the forward propagating TM 02 mode. As the phase velocity of the volume harmonic of TM 02 mode is about twice that of the surface harmonic of TM 01 mode, the TM 02 mode also plays an important role in the high-power microwave generation. Particle-in-cell simulation shows that an efficiency of 48% and a significant improvement of the power capacity have been obtained

Relativistic harmonic content of nonlinear electromagnetic waves in underdense plasmas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mori, W.B.; Decker, C.D.; Leemans, W.P.

1993-01-01

The relativistic harmonic content of large amplitude electromagnetic waves propagating in underdense plasmas is investigated. The steady state harmonic content of nonlinear linearly polarized waves is calculated for both the very underdense (w p /w o ) much-lt 1 and critical density (w p /w o ) ≅ 1 limits. For weak nonlinearities, eE o /mcw o p /w o . Arguments are given for extending these results for arbitrary wave amplitudes. The authors also show that the use of the variable x-ct and the quasi-static approximation leads to errors in both magnitude and sign when calculating the third harmonic. In the absence of damping or density gradients the third harmonic's amplitude is found to oscillate between zero and twice the steady state value. Preliminary PIC simulation results are presented. The simulation results are in basic agreement with the uniform plasma predictions for the third harmonic amplitude. However, the higher harmonics are orders of magnitude larger than expected and the presence of density ramps significantly modifies the results

Chiral quark model with relativistic kinematics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garcilazo, H.; Valcarce, A.

2003-01-01

The nonstrange baryon spectrum is studied within a three-body model that incorporates relativistic kinematics. We found that the combined effect of relativistic kinematics together with the pion exchange between quarks is able to reverse the order of the first positive- and negative-parity nucleon excited states as observed experimentally. Including the chiral partner of the pion (the σ meson) leads to an overall good description of the spectrum

Chiral quark model with relativistic kinematics

OpenAIRE

Garcilazo, H.; Valcarce, A.

2003-01-01

The non-strange baryon spectrum is studied within a three-body model that incorporates relativistic kinematics. We found that the combined effect of relativistic kinematics together with the pion exchange between quarks is able to reverse the order of the first positive- and negative-parity nucleon excited states as observed experimentally. Including the chiral partner of the pion (the $\\sigma$ meson) leads to an overall good description of the spectrum.

Studies on the quark confinement in a non-relativistic quark model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pfenninger, T.

1988-01-01

In the framework of the non-relativistic quark model we have studied several aspects of the description of the confinement by a confinement potential. A first consideration applied to the effects of the long-range color van-der-Waals forces on the nucleon-nucleon scattering. Regarding color dipole states as an additional closed channel in a dynamical and nonlocal resonating-group calculation we found a strong attraction. Additionally it was possible by means of the RGM kernels to derive an against earlier calculations improved color van-der-Waals potential in adiabatic approximation which regards correctly the internal kinetic and the confinement energy of the color octet states. This potential is not confined to large NN distances and shows asymptotically a 1/R 2 behaviour if it is based on a harmonic confinement. A further study applied to the question how far a possible vector character of the confinement, which is suggested by the elementary quark-gluon vertex, has effects on baryon properties and the NN interaction. Here it resulted that the vector confinement reacts in view of the model parameters very sensitively in the baryon properties whereas the scalar confinement did not show this dependence. In the NN scattering this vector confinement however plays a more secondary role. Because of the difficulties of the usual confinement potential with long-range color van-der-Waals forces we proposed in the last part a new potential and additional orthogonality relations for the quark wave functions in order to accomodate in the potential model to the string degrees of freedom. In scattering calculations we again studied the effects of the modification on the NN interaction. (orig./HSI) [de

New relativistic generalization of the Heisenberg commutation relations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bohm, A.; Loewe, M.; Magnollay, P.; Tarlini, M.; Aldinger, R.R.; Kielanowski, P.

1984-01-01

A relativistic generalization of the Heisenberg commutation relations is suggested which is different from the conventional ones used for the intrinsic coordinates and momenta in the relativistic oscillator model and the relativistic string. This new quantum relativistic oscillator model is determined by the requirement that it gives a unified description of relativistic vibrations and rotations and contracts in the nonrelativistic limit c -1 →0 into the usual nonrelativistic harmonic oscillator

Hadron matrix elements of quark operators in the relativistic quark model, 2. Model calculation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arisue, H; Bando, M; Toya, M [Kyoto Univ. (Japan). Dept. of Physics; Sugimoto, H

1979-11-01

Phenomenological studies of the matrix elements of two- and four-quark operators are made on the basis of relativistic independent quark model for typical three cases of the potentials: rigid wall, linearly rising and Coulomb-like potentials. The values of the matrix elements of two-quark operators are relatively well reproduced in each case, but those of four-quark operators prove to be too small in the independent particle treatment. It is suggested that the short-range two-quark correlations must be taken into account in order to improve the values of the matrix elements of the four-quark operators.

Radiative leptonic B{sub c} decay in the relativistic independent quark model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barik, N [Department of Physics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar-751004 (India); Naimuddin, Sk; Dash, P C [Department of Physics, Prananath Autonomous College, Khurda-752057 (India); Kar, Susmita [Department of Physics, North Orissa University, Baripada-757003 (India)

2008-12-01

The radiative leptonic decay B{sub c}{sup -}{yields}{mu}{sup -}{nu}{sub {mu}}{gamma} is analyzed in its leading order in a relativistic independent quark model based on a confining potential in an equally mixed scalar-vector harmonic form. The branching ratio for this decay in the vanishing lepton mass limit is obtained as Br(B{sub c}{yields}{mu}{nu}{sub {mu}}{gamma})=6.83x10{sup -5}, which includes the contributions of the internal bremsstrahlung and structure-dependent diagrams at the level of the quark constituents. The contributions of the bremsstrahlung and the structure-dependent diagrams, as well as their additive interference parts, are compared and found to be of the same order of magnitude. Finally, the predicted photon energy spectrum is observed here to be almost symmetrical about the peak value of the photon energy at E-tilde{sub {gamma}}{approx_equal}(M{sub B{sub c}}/4), which may be quite accessible experimentally at LHC in near future.

Introduction to classical and quantum harmonic oscillators

CERN Document Server

Bloch, Sylvan C

2013-01-01

From conch shells to lasers . harmonic oscillators, the timeless scientific phenomenon As intriguing to Galileo as they are to scientists today, harmonic oscillators have provided a simple and compelling paradigm for understanding the complexities that underlie some of nature's and mankind's most fascinating creations. From early string and wind instruments fashioned from bows and seashells to the intense precision of lasers, harmonic oscillators have existed in various forms, as objects of beauty and scientific use. And harmonic oscillation has endured as one of science's most fascinating con

Spin force and torque in non-relativistic Dirac oscillator on a sphere

Science.gov (United States)

Shikakhwa, M. S.

2018-03-01

The spin force operator on a non-relativistic Dirac oscillator (in the non-relativistic limit the Dirac oscillator is a spin one-half 3D harmonic oscillator with strong spin-orbit interaction) is derived using the Heisenberg equations of motion and is seen to be formally similar to the force by the electromagnetic field on a moving charged particle. When confined to a sphere of radius R, it is shown that the Hamiltonian of this non-relativistic oscillator can be expressed as a mere kinetic energy operator with an anomalous part. As a result, the power by the spin force and torque operators in this case are seen to vanish. The spin force operator on the sphere is calculated explicitly and its torque is shown to be equal to the rate of change of the kinetic orbital angular momentum operator, again with an anomalous part. This, along with the conservation of the total angular momentum, suggests that the spin force exerts a spin-dependent torque on the kinetic orbital angular momentum operator in order to conserve total angular momentum. The presence of an anomalous spin part in the kinetic orbital angular momentum operator gives rise to an oscillatory behavior similar to the Zitterbewegung. It is suggested that the underlying physics that gives rise to the spin force and the Zitterbewegung is one and the same in NRDO and in systems that manifest spin Hall effect.

Color oscillations and measuring the quark charge

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lipkin, H.J.

1979-01-01

Color oscillations analogous to neutrino oscillations but with very high frequency are shown to be present in hadron states below color threshold. Experiments to distinguish between fractionally charged and integrally charged quark models both below and above color threshold are discussed. The instantaneous quark charge is shown to be measurable only in very fast processes determined by the high energy behavior of transition amplitudes well above color threshold. Results from the naive parton model for deep inelastic processes which indicate that real charges of quarks and gluons can be measured are shown to be in error because of neglect of color oscillations and interference terms. (author)

Electromagnetic properties of light and heavy baryons in the relativistic quark model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nicmorus Marinescu, Diana

2007-01-01

One of the main challenges of nowadays low-energy physics remains the description of the internal structure of hadrons, strongly connected to the electromagnetic properties of matter. In this vein, the success of the relativistic quark model in the analysis of the hadron structure constitutes a solid motivation for the study carried out throughout this work. The relativistic quark model is extended to the investigation of static electromagnetic properties of both heavy and light baryons. The bare contributions to the magnetic moments of the single-, double- and triple-heavy baryons are calculated. Moreover, the relativistic quark model allows the study of the electromagnetic properties of the light baryon octet incorporating meson cloud contributions in a perturbative manner. The long disputed values of the multipole ratios E2/M1 and C2/M1 and the electromagnetic form factors of the N→Δγ transition are successfully reproduced. The relativistic quark model can be viewed as a quantum field theory approach based on a phenomenological Lagrangian coupling light and heavy baryons to their constituent quarks. In our approach the baryon is a composite object of three constituent quarks, at least in leading order. The effective interaction Lagrangian is written in terms of baryon and constituent quark fields. The effective action preserves Lorentz covariance and gauge invariance. The main ingredients of the model are already introduced at the level of the interaction Lagrangian: the three-quark baryon currents, the Gaussian distribution of the constituent quarks inside the baryon and the compositeness condition which sets an upper limit for the baryon-quark vertex. The S-matrix elements are expressed by a set of Feynman quark-diagrams. The model contains only few parameters, namely, the cut-off parameter of the Gaussian quark distribution and the free quark propagator, which are unambiguously determined from the best fit to the data. The heavy quark limit within this

Electromagnetic properties of light and heavy baryons in the relativistic quark model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nicmorus Marinescu, Diana

2007-06-14

One of the main challenges of nowadays low-energy physics remains the description of the internal structure of hadrons, strongly connected to the electromagnetic properties of matter. In this vein, the success of the relativistic quark model in the analysis of the hadron structure constitutes a solid motivation for the study carried out throughout this work. The relativistic quark model is extended to the investigation of static electromagnetic properties of both heavy and light baryons. The bare contributions to the magnetic moments of the single-, double- and triple-heavy baryons are calculated. Moreover, the relativistic quark model allows the study of the electromagnetic properties of the light baryon octet incorporating meson cloud contributions in a perturbative manner. The long disputed values of the multipole ratios E2/M1 and C2/M1 and the electromagnetic form factors of the N{yields}{delta}{gamma} transition are successfully reproduced. The relativistic quark model can be viewed as a quantum field theory approach based on a phenomenological Lagrangian coupling light and heavy baryons to their constituent quarks. In our approach the baryon is a composite object of three constituent quarks, at least in leading order. The effective interaction Lagrangian is written in terms of baryon and constituent quark fields. The effective action preserves Lorentz covariance and gauge invariance. The main ingredients of the model are already introduced at the level of the interaction Lagrangian: the three-quark baryon currents, the Gaussian distribution of the constituent quarks inside the baryon and the compositeness condition which sets an upper limit for the baryon-quark vertex. The S-matrix elements are expressed by a set of Feynman quark-diagrams. The model contains only few parameters, namely, the cut-off parameter of the Gaussian quark distribution and the free quark propagator, which are unambiguously determined from the best fit to the data. The heavy quark limit

Dynamical Symmetries of Two-Dimensional Dirac Equation with Screened Coulomb and Isotropic Harmonic Oscillator Potentials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Qing; Hou Yu-Long; Jing Jian; Long Zheng-Wen

2014-01-01

In this paper, we study symmetrical properties of two-dimensional (2D) screened Dirac Hydrogen atom and isotropic harmonic oscillator with scalar and vector potentials of equal magnitude (SVPEM). We find that it is possible for both cases to preserve so(3) and su(2) dynamical symmetries provided certain conditions are satisfied. Interestingly, the conditions for preserving these dynamical symmetries are exactly the same as non-relativistic screened Hydrogen atom and screened isotropic oscillator preserving their dynamical symmetries. Some intuitive explanations are proposed. (general)

Models of quark bags and their consequences

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bogolubov, P.N.

1977-01-01

The development of the first Dubna Quark Bag and the results obtained in this way are considered. The idea of the first Dubna Quark Bag is as follows: baryons are constructed of three quarks measons are constructed of two quarks, and each quark is interpreted as the Dirac particle which moves in a scalar square well. The so-called quasiindependent quark model is considered too. It is a simple quark model based on an analogy with the shell model for nuclei. The quarks are considered as moving in an arbitrary radially-symmetric field, and their one-particle wave function satisfies the usual Dirac equation. Such quark model can give at least the same results as the relativistic bag model. A possibility exists to improve the results of the relativistic quark model with the oscillator interaction between quarks. The results of the MIT-Bag model and the quasiindependent quark model coincide

Baryonic hybrids: Gluons as beads on strings between quarks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cornwall, John M.

2005-01-01

In this paper we analyze the ground state of the heavy-quark qqqG system using standard principles of quark confinement and massive constituent gluons as established in the center-vortex picture. The known string tension K F and approximately-known gluon mass M lead to a precise specification of the long-range nonrelativistic part of the potential binding the gluon to the quarks with no undetermined phenomenological parameters, in the limit of large interquark separation R. Our major tool (also used earlier by Simonov) is the use of proper-time methods to describe gluon propagation within the quark system, along with some elementary group theory describing the gluon Wilson-line as a composite of colocated q and q lines. We show that (aside from color-Coulomb and similar terms) the gluon potential energy in the presence of quarks is accurately described (for small gluon fluctuations) via attaching these three strings to the gluon, which in equilibrium sits at the Steiner point of the Y-shaped string network joining the three quarks. The gluon undergoes small harmonic fluctuations that slightly stretch these strings and quasiconfine the gluon to the neighborhood of the Steiner point. To describe nonrelativistic ground-state gluonic fluctuations at large R we use the Schroedinger equation, ignoring mixing with l=2 states. Available lattice data and real-world hybrids require consideration of R values small enough for significant relativistic corrections, which we apply using a variational principle for the relativistic harmonic-oscillator. We also consider the role of color-Coulomb contributions. In terms of interquark separations R, we find leading nonrelativistic large-R terms in the gluon excitation energy of the form ε(R)→M+ξ[K F /(MR)] 1/2 -ζα c /R where ξ,ζ are calculable numerical coefficients and α c ≅ 0.15 is the color-Coulomb qq coupling. When the gluon is relativistic, ε∼(K F /R) 1/3 . We get an acceptable fit to lattice data with M=500 Me

Semileptonic (Λb → Λc eV) decay in a field theoretic quark model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Das, R.K.; Panda, A.R.; Sahoo, R.K.; Swain, M.R.

2002-01-01

The semileptonic decay width of heavy baryons such as (Λ b → Λ c eV) has been estimated in the framework of a nonrelativistic field theoretic quark model where four component quark field operators along with a harmonic oscillator wave function are used to describe translationally invariant hadronic states. The present estimation does not make an explicit use of heavy quark symmetry and has a reasonable agreement with the experimentally measured decay width, polarisation ratio and form factors with the harmonic oscillator radii and quark momentum distribution inside the hadron as free parameters. (author)

Mechanism of equivalent electric dipole oscillation for high-order harmonic generation from grating-structured solid-surface by femtosecond laser pulse

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Yang; Song, Hai-Ying; Liu, H.Y.; Liu, Shi-Bing, E-mail: sbliu@bjut.edu.cn

2017-07-12

Highlights: • Proposed a valid mechanism of high harmonic generation by laser grating target interaction: oscillation of equivalent electric dipole (OEED). • Found that there also exist harmonic emission at large emission angle but not just near-surface direction as the former researches had pointed out. • Show the process of the formation and motion of electron bunches at the grating-target surface irradiating with femtosecond laser pulse. - Abstract: We theoretically study high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from relativistically driven overdense plasma targets with rectangularly grating-structured surfaces by femtosecond laser pulses. Our particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations show that, under the conditions of low laser intensity and plasma density, the harmonics emit principally along small angles deviating from the target surface. Further investigation of the surface electron dynamics reveals that the electron bunches are formed by the interaction between the laser field and the target surface, giving rise to the oscillation of equivalent electric-dipole (OEED), which enhances specific harmonic orders. Our work helps understand the mechanism of harmonic emissions from grating targets and the distinction from the planar harmonic scheme.

Mechanism of equivalent electric dipole oscillation for high-order harmonic generation from grating-structured solid-surface by femtosecond laser pulse

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Yang; Song, Hai-Ying; Liu, H. Y.; Liu, Shi-Bing

2017-07-01

We theoretically study high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from relativistically driven overdense plasma targets with rectangularly grating-structured surfaces by femtosecond laser pulses. Our particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations show that, under the conditions of low laser intensity and plasma density, the harmonics emit principally along small angles deviating from the target surface. Further investigation of the surface electron dynamics reveals that the electron bunches are formed by the interaction between the laser field and the target surface, giving rise to the oscillation of equivalent electric-dipole (OEED), which enhances specific harmonic orders. Our work helps understand the mechanism of harmonic emissions from grating targets and the distinction from the planar harmonic scheme.

Infinite-time and finite-time synchronization of coupled harmonic oscillators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cheng, S; Ji, J C; Zhou, J

2011-01-01

This paper studies the infinite-time and finite-time synchronization of coupled harmonic oscillators with distributed protocol in the scenarios with and without a leader. In the absence of a leader, the convergence conditions and the final trajectories that each harmonic oscillator follows are developed. In the presence of a leader, it is shown that all harmonic oscillators can achieve the trajectory of the leader in finite time. Numerical simulations of six coupled harmonic oscillators are given to show the effects of the interaction function parameter, algebraic connectivity and initial conditions on the convergence time.

Wigner expansions for partition functions of nonrelativistic and relativistic oscillator systems

Science.gov (United States)

Zylka, Christian; Vojta, Guenter

1993-01-01

The equilibrium quantum statistics of various anharmonic oscillator systems including relativistic systems is considered within the Wigner phase space formalism. For this purpose the Wigner series expansion for the partition function is generalized to include relativistic corrections. The new series for partition functions and all thermodynamic potentials yield quantum corrections in terms of powers of h(sup 2) and relativistic corrections given by Kelvin functions (modified Hankel functions) K(sub nu)(mc(sup 2)/kT). As applications, the symmetric Toda oscillator, isotonic and singular anharmonic oscillators, and hindered rotators, i.e. oscillators with cosine potential, are addressed.

Spectral inverse problem for q-deformed harmonic oscillator

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The supersymmetric quantization condition is used to study the wave functions of SWKB equivalent -deformed harmonic oscillator which are obtained by using only the knowledge of bound-state spectra of -deformed harmonic oscillator. We have also studied the nonuniqueness of the obtained interactions by this ...

Elastic and radiative heavy quark interactions in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Uphoff, Jan; Fochler, Oliver; Xu, Zhe; Greiner, Carsten

2015-01-01

Elastic and radiative heavy quark interactions with light partons are studied with the partonic transport model named the Boltzmann approach to multiparton scatterings (BAMPSs). After calculating the cross section of radiative processes for finite masses in the improved Gunion–Bertsch approximation and verifying this calculation by comparing to the exact result, we study elastic and radiative heavy quark energy loss in a static medium of quarks and gluons. Furthermore, the full 3 + 1D space–time evolution of gluons, light quarks, and heavy quarks in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) and the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are calculated with BAMPS including elastic and radiative heavy flavor interactions. Treating light and heavy particles on the same footing in the same framework, we find that the experimentally measured nuclear modification factor of charged hadrons and D mesons at the LHC can be simultaneously described. In addition, we calculate the heavy flavor evolution with an improved screening procedure from hard-thermal-loop calculations and confront the results with experimental data of the nuclear modification factor and the elliptic flow of heavy flavor particles at the RHIC and the LHC. (paper)

Bound state solution of Dirac equation for 3D harmonics oscillator plus trigonometric scarf noncentral potential using SUSY QM approach

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cari, C., E-mail: carinln@yahoo.com; Suparmi, A., E-mail: carinln@yahoo.com [Physics Department, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami no 36A Kentingan Surakarta 57126 (Indonesia)

2014-09-30

Dirac equation of 3D harmonics oscillator plus trigonometric Scarf non-central potential for spin symmetric case is solved using supersymmetric quantum mechanics approach. The Dirac equation for exact spin symmetry reduces to Schrodinger like equation. The relativistic energy and wave function for spin symmetric case are simply obtained using SUSY quantum mechanics method and idea of shape invariance.

Relativistic quantum theory of composite systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sogami, I.

1978-01-01

A relativistic quantum theory free from the difficulties of tachyons and ghosts is formulated to describe the scattering processes between composite systems of spinless quarks. To evade the complication brewed by introducing gluon fields or strings, valence quarks are effectively assumed to be in the relative motion of harmonic oscillation correlating with the motion of the composite system as a whole. A quark-antiquark system is represented by a bilocal field describing a sequence of mesons and every meson is identified with the composite system in a definite eigenstate of relative motion. The quantization is performed in the interaction picture, so that the microcausal condition is satisfied by local fields which result from the decomposition of bilocal fields. Imposing a weakened macrocausal condition on the whole motion of the extended system, a causal bilocal propagator is defined and a consistent time ordering among bilocal fields is defined. The invariant S-matrix is obtained and the graphical method for the calculation of its elements is developed in parallel with the conventional local field theory. For the (bilocal field) 3 interaction any malignant divergence does not appear excepting those in the renormalizable local field theory. The theory provides one promising and comprehensive phenomenology of hadrons which is suitable especially to describe the hard structure of hadrons. (author)

Radiative transitions in mesons within a non relativistic quark model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bonnaz, R.; Silvestre-Brac, B.; Gignoux, C.

2002-01-01

An exhaustive study of radiative transitions in mesons is performed in a non relativistic quark model. Three different types of mesons wave functions are tested. The effect of some usual approximations is commented. Overall agreement with experimental data is obtained

Radiative transitions of B and Bs mesons in a non relativistic quark model with hulthen potential

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

D'Souza, Praveen P.; Monteiro, A.P.; Vijaya Kumar, K.B.

2017-01-01

Heavy light mesons composed of one heavy quark and one light quark. They are the only mesons containing quarks of the third generation. Which has contributed enormously to our understanding of elementary particles and their interactions. In our calculation we get variational parameter for different heavy-light mesons. Having variational parameter eigen energy will be obtained. For meson system, the Hulthen term acts like a Coulombic term. The spin dependent potential from One Gluon Exchange Potential (OGEP) is introduced. The goal of the present work is to obtain the decay widths and understand the uncertainties in the calculation in the frame work of non-relativistic quark models. In the non-relativistic models this is satisfied for the c, b and t quarks

Ground-state triply and doubly heavy baryons in a relativistic three-quark model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martynenko, A.P.

2008-01-01

Mass spectra of the ground-state baryons consisting of three or two heavy (b or c) and one light (u,d,s) quarks are calculated in the framework of the relativistic quark model and the hyperspherical expansion. The predictions of masses of the triply and doubly heavy baryons are obtained by employing the perturbation theory for the spin-independent and spin-dependent parts of the three-quark Hamiltonian

Interbasis expansions for isotropic harmonic oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dong, Shi-Hai, E-mail: dongsh2@yahoo.com [Departamento de Física, Escuela Superior de Física y Matemáticas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Edificio 9, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Mexico D.F. 07738 (Mexico)

2012-03-12

The exact solutions of the isotropic harmonic oscillator are reviewed in Cartesian, cylindrical polar and spherical coordinates. The problem of interbasis expansions of the eigenfunctions is solved completely. The explicit expansion coefficients of the basis for given coordinates in terms of other two coordinates are presented for lower excited states. Such a property is occurred only for those degenerated states for given principal quantum number n. -- Highlights: ► Exact solutions of harmonic oscillator are reviewed in three coordinates. ► Interbasis expansions of the eigenfunctions is solved completely. ► This is occurred only for those degenerated states for given quantum number n.

Quantization of the damped harmonic oscillator revisited

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baldiotti, M.C., E-mail: baldiott@fma.if.usp.b [Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Caixa Postal 66318-CEP, 05315-970 Sao Paulo, S.P. (Brazil); Fresneda, R., E-mail: fresneda@gmail.co [Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Caixa Postal 66318-CEP, 05315-970 Sao Paulo, S.P. (Brazil); Gitman, D.M., E-mail: gitman@dfn.if.usp.b [Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Caixa Postal 66318-CEP, 05315-970 Sao Paulo, S.P. (Brazil)

2011-04-11

We return to the description of the damped harmonic oscillator with an assessment of previous works, in particular the Bateman-Caldirola-Kanai model and a new model proposed by one of the authors. We argue the latter has better high energy behavior and is connected to existing open-systems approaches. - Highlights: We prove the local equivalence of two damped harmonic oscillator models. We find different high energy behaviors between the two models. Based on the local equivalence, we make a simple construction of the coherent states.

On the relativistic extended Thomas-Fermi method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Centelles, M.; Vinas, X.; Barranco, M.; Schuck, P.

1990-01-01

We have derived the semiclassical relativistic energy functional for a set of fermions moving in the mean field arising from scalar and vector fields, including up to ℎ 2 corrective terms. The method is applied to a relativistic harmonic oscillator model for which the semiclassical result can be compared with the exact solution of the Dirac equation. (orig.)

On the relativistic extended Thomas-Fermi method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Centelles, M.; Vinas, X.; Barranco, M.; Schuck, P.

1990-01-01

We have derived the semiclassical relativistic energy functional for a set of fermions moving in the mean field arising from scalar and vector fields, including up to ℎ 2 corrective terms. The method is applied to a relativistic harmonic oscillator model for which the semiclassical result can be compared with the exact solution of the Dirac equation

Quantization of the damped harmonic oscillator revisited

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baldiotti, M.C.; Fresneda, R.; Gitman, D.M.

2011-01-01

We return to the description of the damped harmonic oscillator with an assessment of previous works, in particular the Bateman-Caldirola-Kanai model and a new model proposed by one of the authors. We argue the latter has better high energy behavior and is connected to existing open-systems approaches. - Highlights: → We prove the local equivalence of two damped harmonic oscillator models. → We find different high energy behaviors between the two models. → Based on the local equivalence, we make a simple construction of the coherent states.

In quest of a relativistic constituent quark model - some constructive remarks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hofsaess, T.; Schierholz, G.

1978-01-01

The set-up of a relativistic constituent quark model in four dimensions is one of the outstanding problems in particle physics. For the time being this involves a great deal of model building which, very probably, will not change in the near future. In this paper we shall offer some general remarks which might help putting such models into shape. Most of the earlier attempts are found controversial. In particular, a conventional quark constituent interpretation could not be recovered. (orig.) [de

B-meson decay constants from 2+1-flavor lattice QCD with domain-wall light quarks and relativistic heavy quarks

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Christ, Norman H. [Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States); Flynn, Jonathan M. [Univ. of Southampton, Southampton (United Kingdom); Izubuchi, Taku [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Kawanai, Taichi [RIKEN, Wako (Japan); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Lehner, Christoph [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Soni, Amarjit [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Van de Water, Ruth S. [Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Witzel, Oliver [Boston Univ., Boston, MA (United States)

2015-03-10

We calculate the B-meson decay constants f_B, f_Bs, and their ratio in unquenched lattice QCD using domain-wall light quarks and relativistic b-quarks. We use gauge-field ensembles generated by the RBC and UKQCD collaborations using the domain-wall fermion action and Iwasaki gauge action with three flavors of light dynamical quarks. We analyze data at two lattice spacings of a ≈ 0.11, 0.086 fm with unitary pion masses as light as M_π ≈ 290 MeV; this enables us to control the extrapolation to the physical light-quark masses and continuum. For the b-quarks we use the anisotropic clover action with the relativistic heavy-quark interpretation, such that discretization errors from the heavy-quark action are of the same size as from the light-quark sector. We renormalize the lattice heavy-light axial-vector current using a mostly nonperturbative method in which we compute the bulk of the matching factor nonperturbatively, with a small correction, that is close to unity, in lattice perturbation theory. We also improve the lattice heavy-light current through O(α_sa). We extrapolate our results to the physical light-quark masses and continuum using SU(2) heavy-meson chiral perturbation theory, and provide a complete systematic error budget. We obtain f_B⁰ = 196.2(15.7) MeV, f_B⁺ = 195.4(15.8) MeV, f_Bs = 235.4(12.2) MeV, f_Bs/f_B⁰ = 1.193(59), and f_Bs/f_B⁺ = 1.220(82), where the errors are statistical and total systematic added in quadrature. In addition, these results are in good agreement with other published results and provide an important independent cross check of other three-flavor determinations of B-meson decay constants using staggered light quarks.

Particle production in high energy collisions and the non-relativistic quark model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anisovich, V.V.; Nyiri, J.

1981-07-01

The present review deals with multiparticle production processes at high energies using ideas which originate in the non-relativistic quark model. Consequences of the approach are considered and they are compared with experimental data. (author)

Ultra relativistic heavy ions collisions or the search for quark-gluon plasmas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blaizot, J.P.

1985-03-01

This paper reviews some aspects of the physics of ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. The qualitative changes expected in the properties of hadronic matter at high temperature and/or large baryon density are described in terms of simple models. We discuss a scenario giving the space-time evolution of a quark-gluon plasma. Finally we address the difficult question of the possible signatures of the formation of a quark-gluon plasma in heavy ion collisions

Quasi-relativistic fermions and dynamical flavour oscillations

CERN Document Server

Alexandre, Jean; Mavromatos, Nick E.

2014-01-01

We introduce new Lorentz-symmetry violating kinematics for a four-fermion interaction model, where dynamical mass generation is allowed, irrespectively of the strength of the coupling. In addition, these kinematics lead to a quasi-relativistic dispersion relation, in the sense that it is relativistic in both the infrared and the ultraviolet, but not in an intermediate regime, characterized by the mass $M$. For two fermions, we show that a flavour-mixing mass matrix is generated dynamically, and the Lorentz symmetric limit $M\\to\\infty$ leads to two free relativistic fermions, with flavour oscillations. This model, valid for either Dirac or Majorana fermions, can describe any set of phenomenological values for the eigen masses and the mixing angle.

Fundamental and Harmonic Oscillations in Neighboring Coronal Loops

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Hongbo; Liu, Yu; Vai Tam, Kuan

2017-06-01

We present observations of multimode (fundamental and harmonic) oscillations in a loop system, which appear to be simultaneously excited by a GOES C-class flare. Analysis of the periodic oscillations reveals that (1) the primary loop with a period of P a ≈ 4 minutes and a secondary loop with two periods of P a ≈ 4 minutes and P b ≈ 2 minutes are detected simultaneously in closely spaced loop strands; (2) both oscillation components have their peak amplitudes near the loop apex, while in the second loop the low-frequency component P a dominates in a loop segment that is two times larger than the high-frequency component P b ; (3) the harmonic mode P b shows the largest deviation from a sinusoidal loop shape at the loop apex. We conclude that multiple harmonic modes with different displacement profiles can be excited simultaneously even in closely spaced strands, similar to the overtones of a violin string.

Rabi oscillation between states of a coupled harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Tae Jun

2003-01-01

Rabi oscillation between bound states of a single potential is well known. However the corresponding formula between the states of two different potentials has not been obtained yet. In this work, we derive Rabi formula between the states of a coupled harmonic oscillator which may be used as a simple model for the electron transfer. The expression is similar to typical Rabi formula for a single potential. This result may be used to describe transitions between coupled diabatic potential curves

Harmonic oscillator in Snyder space

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The harmonic oscillator in Snyder space is investigated in its classical and quantum versions. The classical trajectory is obtained and the semiclassical quantization from the phase space trajectories is discussed. An effective cut-off to high frequencies is found. The quantum version is developed and an equivalent usual ...

Exact solution of a quantum forced time-dependent harmonic oscillator

Science.gov (United States)

Yeon, Kyu Hwang; George, Thomas F.; Um, Chung IN

1992-01-01

The Schrodinger equation is used to exactly evaluate the propagator, wave function, energy expectation values, uncertainty values, and coherent state for a harmonic oscillator with a time dependent frequency and an external driving time dependent force. These quantities represent the solution of the classical equation of motion for the time dependent harmonic oscillator.

Phase-matched third harmonic generation in a plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rax, J.M.; Fisch, N.J.

1993-01-01

Relativistic third harmonic generation in a plasma is investigated. The growth of a third harmonic wave is limited by the difference between the phase velocity of the pump and driven waves. This phase velocity mismatch results in a third harmonic amplitude saturation and oscillation. In order to overcome this saturation, the authors describe a phase-matching scheme based on a resonant density modulation. The limitations of this scheme are analyzed

Harmonic and Anharmonic Behaviour of a Simple Oscillator

Science.gov (United States)

O'Shea, Michael J.

2009-01-01

We consider a simple oscillator that exhibits harmonic and anharmonic regimes and analyse its behaviour over the complete range of possible amplitudes. The oscillator consists of a mass "m" fixed at the midpoint of a horizontal rope. For zero initial rope tension and small amplitude the period of oscillation, tau, varies as tau is approximately…

Development of a 2 MW relativistic backward wave oscillator

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

In this paper, a high power relativistic backward wave oscillator (BWO) experiment is reported. A 230 keV, 2 kA, 150 ns relativistic electron beam is generated using a Marx generator. The beam is then injected into a hollow rippled wall metallic cylindrical tube that forms a slow wave structure. The beam is guided using an ...

The su(1, 1) dynamical algebra from the Schroedinger ladder operators for N-dimensional systems: hydrogen atom, Mie-type potential, harmonic oscillator and pseudo-harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martinez, D; Flores-Urbina, J C; Mota, R D; Granados, V D

2010-01-01

We apply the Schroedinger factorization to construct the ladder operators for the hydrogen atom, Mie-type potential, harmonic oscillator and pseudo-harmonic oscillator in arbitrary dimensions. By generalizing these operators we show that the dynamical algebra for these problems is the su(1, 1) Lie algebra.

Influence of a relativistic kinematics on s-wave KN phase shifts in a quark model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lemaire, S.; Labarsouque, J.; Silvestre-Brac, B.

2001-01-01

The I = 1 and I = 0 kaon-nucleon s-wave phase shifts have been calculated in a quark potential model using the resonating group method (RGM) and a relativistic kinematics. The spinless Salpeter equation has been solved numerically using the Fourier grid Hamiltonian method. The results have been compared to the non-relativistic ones. For each isospin channel the phase shifts obtained are not so far from the non-relativistic results. (author)

Controllability in tunable chains of coupled harmonic oscillators

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Buchmann, Lukas Filip; Mølmer, Klaus; Petrosyan, David

2018-01-01

any desired Gaussian state requires at most 3 N ( N −1)/2 operations. We illustrate this capability by engineering squeezed pseudo-phonon states—highly nonlocal, strongly correlated states that may result from various nonlinear processes. Tunable chains of coupled harmonic oscillators can......We prove that temporal control of the strengths of springs connecting N harmonic oscillators in a chain provides complete access to all Gaussian states of N −1 collective modes. The proof relies on the construction of a suitable basis of cradle modes for the system. An iterative algorithm to reach...... be implemented by a number of current state-of-the-art experimental platforms, including cold atoms in lattice potentials, arrays of mechanical micro-oscillators, and coupled optical waveguides....

Controllability in tunable chains of coupled harmonic oscillators

Science.gov (United States)

Buchmann, L. F.; Mølmer, K.; Petrosyan, D.

2018-04-01

We prove that temporal control of the strengths of springs connecting N harmonic oscillators in a chain provides complete access to all Gaussian states of N -1 collective modes. The proof relies on the construction of a suitable basis of cradle modes for the system. An iterative algorithm to reach any desired Gaussian state requires at most 3 N (N -1 )/2 operations. We illustrate this capability by engineering squeezed pseudo-phonon states—highly nonlocal, strongly correlated states that may result from various nonlinear processes. Tunable chains of coupled harmonic oscillators can be implemented by a number of current state-of-the-art experimental platforms, including cold atoms in lattice potentials, arrays of mechanical micro-oscillators, and coupled optical waveguides.

Controllability in tunable chains of coupled harmonic oscillators

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Buchmann, Lukas Filip; Mølmer, Klaus; Petrosyan, David

2018-01-01

We prove that temporal control of the strengths of springs connecting N harmonic oscillators in a chain provides complete access to all Gaussian states of N −1 collective modes. The proof relies on the construction of a suitable basis of cradle modes for the system. An iterative algorithm to reach...... any desired Gaussian state requires at most 3 N ( N −1)/2 operations. We illustrate this capability by engineering squeezed pseudo-phonon states—highly nonlocal, strongly correlated states that may result from various nonlinear processes. Tunable chains of coupled harmonic oscillators can...... be implemented by a number of current state-of-the-art experimental platforms, including cold atoms in lattice potentials, arrays of mechanical micro-oscillators, and coupled optical waveguides....

Comparative analysis of gyrotron backward-wave oscillators operating at different cyclotron harmonics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yeh, Y.S.; Chang, T.H.; Wu, T.S.

2004-01-01

A comparative analysis between the fundamental and second cyclotron harmonics of gyrotron backward-wave oscillators (gyro-BWOs) is presented. The simulation results reveal that nonlinear field contraction is a common feature for both harmonic interactions. Besides, the electron transit angle, used to characterize the axial modes of the fundamental harmonic TE 11 mode at the start-oscillation conditions, is found to be applicable even for the second harmonic TE 21 mode. Each axial mode of either the fundamental harmonic TE 11 or the second harmonic TE 21 modes is maintained at a constant value of the electron transit angle while changing the operating parameters, such as magnetic field and beam voltage. Extensive numerical calculations are conducted for the start-oscillation currents and tuning properties. Moreover, single-mode operating regimes are suggested where the second harmonic TE 21 gyro-BWO could generate a considerable output power, comparing with the fundamental harmonic TE 11 gyro-BWO

Relativistic and the first sectorial harmonics corrections in the critical inclination

Science.gov (United States)

Rahoma, W. A.; Khattab, E. H.; Abd El-Salam, F. A.

2014-05-01

The problem of the critical inclination is treated in the Hamiltonian framework taking into consideration post-Newtonian corrections as well as the main correction term of sectorial harmonics for an earth-like planet. The Hamiltonian is expressed in terms of Delaunay canonical variables. A canonical transformation is applied to eliminate short period terms. A modified critical inclination is obtained due to relativistic and the first sectorial harmonics corrections.

High-order harmonics generation from overdense plasmas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Quere, F.; Thaury, C.; Monot, P.; Martin, Ph.; Geindre, J.P.; Audebert, P.; Marjoribanks, R.

2006-01-01

Complete test of publication follows. When an intense laser beam reflects on an overdense plasma generated on a solid target, high-order harmonics of the incident laser frequency are observed in the reflected beam. This process provides a way to produce XUV femtosecond and attosecond pulses in the μJ range from ultrafast ultraintense lasers. Studying the mechanisms responsible for this harmonic emission is also of strong fundamental interest: just as HHG in gases has been instrumental in providing a comprehensive understanding of basic intense laser-atom interactions, HHG from solid-density plasmas is likely to become a unique tool to investigate many key features of laser-plasma interactions at high intensities. We will present both experimental and theoretical evidence that two mechanisms contribute to this harmonic emission: - Coherent Wake Emission: in this process, harmonics are emitted by plasma oscillations in te overdense plasma, triggered in the wake of jets of Brunel electrons generated by the laser field. - The relativistic oscillating mirror: in this process, the intense laser field drives a relativistic oscillation of the plasma surface, which in turn gives rise to a periodic phase modulation of the reflected beam, and hence to the generation of harmonics of the incident frequency. Left graph: experimental harmonic spectrum from a polypropylene target, obtained with 60 fs laser pulses at 10 19 W/cm 2 , with a very high temporal contrast (10 10 ). The plasma frequency of this target corresponds to harmonics 15-16, thus excluding the CWE mechanism for the generation of harmonics of higher orders. Images on the right: harmonic spectra from orders 13 et 18, for different distances z between the target and the best focus. At the highest intensity (z=0), harmonics emitted by the ROM mechanism are observed above the 15th order. These harmonics have a much smaller spectral width then those due to CWE (below the 15th order). These ROM harmonics vanish as soon

On the short periods oscillation in relativistic stars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aquilano, R.; Morales, S.; Navone, H.; Sevilla, D.; Zorzi, A.

2009-01-01

We expand the study of neutron and strange matter stars with general relativistic formalism. We analyze the correlation with the observational data short periods oscillations in these stars, and we intend to discriminate between them.

Radiative leptonic decay: B{sup -}{yields}{mu}{sup -}{nu}{sub {mu}}{gamma} in a relativistic independent quark model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barik, N [Department of Physics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar-751004 (India); Naimuddin, Sk; Dash, P C [Department of Physics, Prananath Autonomous College, Khurda-752057 (India); Kar, Susmita [Department of Physics, North Orissa University, Baripada-757003 (India)

2008-01-01

We study the radiative leptonic decay, B{sup -}{yields}{mu}{sup -}{nu}{sub {mu}}{gamma}, in the framework of a relativistic independent quark model, based on the confining potential in the scalar-vector harmonic form. As expected, we find that the photon emission in this decay overcomes the so-called helicity suppression inevitable in the case of pure leptonic decay (B{sup -}{yields}{mu}{sup -}{nu}{sub {mu}}). Our result for the branching ratio is Br(B{sup -}{yields}{mu}{sup -}{nu}{sub {mu}}{gamma})=1.70x10{sup -6}, which is comparable with other model predictions within the current experimental upper limit. The photon energy spectrum predicted in the model is slightly asymmetric with the peak value around 1.45 GeV, which should render it quite accessible to experimental analysis.

Introduction to Classical and Quantum Harmonic Oscillators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Latal, H

1997-01-01

As the title aptly states, this book deals with harmonic oscillators of various kinds, from classical mechanical and electrical oscillations up to quantum oscillations. It is written in a lively language, and occasional interspersed anecdotes make the reading of an otherwise mathematically oriented text quite a pleasure. Although the author claims to have written an 'elementary introduction', it is certainly necessary to have a good deal of previous knowledge in physics (mechanics, electrodynamics, quantum theory), electrical engineering and, of course, mathematics in order to follow the general line of his arguments. The book begins with a thorough treatment of classical oscillators (free, damped, forced) that is followed by an elaboration on Fourier analysis. Lagrange and Hamilton formalisms are then introduced before the problem of coupled oscillations is attacked. A chapter on statistical perspectives leads over to the final discussion of quantum oscillations. With the book comes a diskette containing a number of worksheets (Microsoft Excel) that can be used by the reader for instant visualization to get a better qualitative and quantitative understanding of the material. To the reviewer it seems difficult to pinpoint exactly the range of prospective readership of the book. It can certainly not be intended as a textbook for students, but rather as a reference book for teachers of physics or researchers, who want to look up one or other aspect of harmonic oscillations, for which purpose the diskette represents a very valuable tool. (book review)

Parametric oscillators from factorizations employing a constant-shifted Riccati solution of the classical harmonic oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rosu, H.C., E-mail: hcr@ipicyt.edu.mx [IPICyT, Instituto Potosino de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica, Apdo Postal 3-74 Tangamanga, 78231 San Luis Potosi, S.L.P. (Mexico); Khmelnytskaya, K.V. [Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas s/n, C.P. 76010 Santiago de Queretaro, Qro. (Mexico)

2011-09-19

We determine the kind of parametric oscillators that are generated in the usual factorization procedure of second-order linear differential equations when one introduces a constant shift of the Riccati solution of the classical harmonic oscillator. The mathematical results show that some of these oscillators could be of physical nature. We give the solutions of the obtained second-order differential equations and the values of the shift parameter providing strictly periodic and antiperiodic solutions. We also notice that this simple problem presents parity-time (PT) symmetry. Possible applications are mentioned. -- Highlights: → A particular Riccati solution of the classical harmonic oscillator is shifted by a constant. → Such a solution is used in the factorization brackets to get different equations of motion. → The properties of the parametric oscillators obtained in this way are examined.

A relativistic gauge model describing N particles bound by harmonic forces

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Filippov, A.T.

1987-01-01

Application of the principle of gauging to linear canonical symmetries of simplest/rudimentary/bilinear lagrangians is shown to produce a relativistic version of the Lagrangian describing N particles bound by harmonic forces. For pairwise coupled identical particles the gauge group is T 1 xU 1 , xSU N-1 . A model for the relativistic discrete string (a chain of N particles) is also discussed. All these gauge theoried of particles can be quantized by standard methods

Parametric Resonance in a Time-Dependent Harmonic Oscillator

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

P. N. Nesterov

2013-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper, we study the phenomenon of appearance of new resonances in a timedependent harmonic oscillator under an oscillatory decreasing force. The studied equation belongs to the class of adiabatic oscillators and arises in connection with the spectral problem for the one-dimensional Schr¨odinger equation with Wigner–von Neumann type potential. We use a specially developed method for asymptotic integration of linear systems of differential equations with oscillatory decreasing coefficients. This method uses the ideas of the averaging method to simplify the initial system. Then we apply Levinson’s fundamental theorem to get the asymptotics for its solutions. Finally, we analyze the features of a parametric resonance phenomenon. The resonant frequencies of perturbation are found and the pointwise type of the parametric resonance phenomenon is established. In conclusion, we construct an example of a time-dependent harmonic oscillator (adiabatic oscillator in which the parametric resonances, mentioned in the paper, may occur.

Rare Λb→Λ l+l- and Λb→Λ γ decays in the relativistic quark model

Science.gov (United States)

Faustov, R. N.; Galkin, V. O.

2017-09-01

Rare Λb→Λ l+l- and Λb→Λ γ decays are investigated in the relativistic quark model based on the quark-diquark picture of baryons. The decay form factors are calculated accounting for all relativistic effects, including relativistic transformations of baryon wave functions from rest to a moving reference frame and the contribution of the intermediate negative-energy states. The momentum-transfer-squared dependence of the form factors is explicitly determined in the whole accessible kinematical range. The calculated decay branching fractions, various forward-backward asymmetries for the rare decay Λb→Λ μ+μ-, are found to be consistent with recent detailed measurements by the LHCb Collaboration. Predictions for the Λb→Λ τ+τ- decay observables are given.

Second harmonic generation by a relativistic annular electron beam propagating through a cylindrical waveguide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yasumoto, Kiyotoshi; Abe, Hiroshi

1983-01-01

The second harmonic generated by a relativistic annular electron beam propagating through a cylindrical waveguide immersed in a strong axial magnetic field is investigated on the basis of the relativistic hydrodynamic equations for cold electrons. The efficiency of second harmonic generation is calculated separately for the pump by the TM electromagnetic wave and for the pump by the slow space-charge wave, by assuming that the electron beam is thin and of low density and the pump wave is azimuthally symmetric. It is shown that, in the case of slow space-charge wave pump, an appreciably large efficiency of second harmonic generation is achieved in the high frequency region, whereas the efficiency by the TM electromagnetic wave pump is relatively small over the whole frequency range.(author)

Solid neutron matter the energy density in the relativistic harmonic approximation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cattani, M.; Fernandes, N.C.

A relativistic expression for the energy density as a function of particle density for solid neutron matter is obtained using Dirac's equation with a truncated harmonic potential. Ultrabaric and superluminous effects are not found in our approach [pt

Generating transverse response explicitly from harmonic oscillators

Science.gov (United States)

Yao, Yuan; Tang, Ying; Ao, Ping

2017-10-01

We obtain stochastic dynamics from a system-plus-bath mechanism as an extension of the Caldeira-Leggett (CL) model in the classical regime. An effective magnetic field and response functions with both longitudinal and transverse parts are exactly generated from the bath of harmonic oscillators. The effective magnetic field and transverse response are antisymmetric matrices: the former is explicitly time-independent corresponding to the geometric magnetism, while the latter can have memory. The present model can be reduced to previous representative examples of stochastic dynamics describing nonequilibrium processes. Our results demonstrate that a system coupled with a bath of harmonic oscillators is a general approach to studying stochastic dynamics, and provides a method to experimentally implement an effective magnetic field from coupling to the environment.

Energy spectrum inverse problem of q -deformed harmonic oscillator and WBK approximation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sang, Nguyen Anh; Thuy, Do Thi Thu; Loan, Nguyen Thi Ha; Lan, Nguyen Tri; Viet, Nguyen Ai

2016-01-01

Using the connection between q-deformed harmonic oscillator and Morse-like anharmonic potential we investigate the energy spectrum inverse problem. Consider some energy levels of energy spectrum of q -deformed harmonic oscillator are known, we construct the corresponding Morse-like potential then find out the deform parameter q . The application possibility of using the WKB approximation in the energy spectrum inverse problem was discussed for the cases of parabolic potential (harmonic oscillator), Morse-like potential ( q -deformed harmonic oscillator). so we consider our deformed-three-levels simple model, where the set-parameters of Morse potential and the corresponding set-parameters of level deformations are easily and explicitly defined. For practical problems, we propose the deformed- three-levels simple model, where the set-parameters of Morse potential and the corresponding set-parameters of level deformations are easily and explicitly defined. (paper)

A harmonic oscillator having “volleyball damping”

Science.gov (United States)

Mickens, R. E.; Oyedeji, K.; Rucker, S. A.

2006-05-01

Volleyball damping corresponds to linear damping up to a certain critical velocity, with zero damping above this value. The dynamics of a linear harmonic oscillator is investigated with this damping mechanism.

Accurate calculation of high harmonics generated by relativistic Thomson scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Popa, Alexandru

2008-01-01

The recent emergence of the field of ultraintense laser pulses, corresponding to beam intensities higher than 10 18 W cm -2 , brings about the problem of the high harmonic generation (HHG) by the relativistic Thomson scattering of the electromagnetic radiation by free electrons. Starting from the equations of the relativistic motion of the electron in the electromagnetic field, we give an exact solution of this problem. Taking into account the Lienard-Wiechert equations, we obtain a periodic scattered electromagnetic field. Without loss of generality, the solution is strongly simplified by observing that the electromagnetic field is always normal to the direction electron-detector. The Fourier series expansion of this field leads to accurate expressions of the high harmonics generated by the Thomson scattering. Our calculations lead to a discrete HHG spectrum, whose shape and angular distribution are in agreement with the experimental data from the literature. Since no approximations were made, our approach is also valid in the ultrarelativistic regime, corresponding to intensities higher than 10 23 W cm -2 , where it predicts a strong increase of the HHG intensities and of the order of harmonics. In this domain, the nonlinear Thomson scattering could be an efficient source of hard x-rays

Isotropic harmonic oscillator plus inverse quadratic potential in N-dimensional spaces

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oyewumi, K.A.; Bangudu, E.A.

2003-01-01

Some aspects of the N-dimensional isotropic harmonic plus inverse quadratic potential were discussed. The hyperradial equation for isotropic harmonic oscillator plus inverse quadratic potential is solved by transformation into the confluent hypergeometric equation to obtain the normalized hyperradial solution. Together with the hyperangular solutions (hyperspherical harmonics), these form the complete energy eigenfunctions of the N-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator plus inverse quadratic potential and the energy eigenvalues are also obtained. These are dimensionally dependent. The dependence of radial solution on the dimensions or potential strength and the degeneracy of the energy levels are discussed. (author)

Two point function for a simple general relativistic quantum model

OpenAIRE

Colosi, Daniele

2007-01-01

We study the quantum theory of a simple general relativistic quantum model of two coupled harmonic oscillators and compute the two-point function following a proposal first introduced in the context of loop quantum gravity.

The Two-Capacitor Problem Revisited: A Mechanical Harmonic Oscillator Model Approach

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Keeyung

2009-01-01

The well-known two-capacitor problem, in which exactly half the stored energy disappears when a charged capacitor is connected to an identical capacitor, is discussed based on the mechanical harmonic oscillator model approach. In the mechanical harmonic oscillator model, it is shown first that "exactly half" the work done by a constant applied…

On quantum harmonic oscillator being subjected to absolute

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

In a quantum harmonic oscillator (QHO), the energy of the oscillator increases with increased frequency. In this paper, assuming a boundary condition that the product of momentum and position, or the product of energy density and position remains constant in the QHO, it is established that a particle subjected to increasing ...

A Look at Damped Harmonic Oscillators through the Phase Plane

Science.gov (United States)

Daneshbod, Yousef; Latulippe, Joe

2011-01-01

Damped harmonic oscillations appear naturally in many applications involving mechanical and electrical systems as well as in biological systems. Most students are introduced to harmonic motion in an elementary ordinary differential equation (ODE) course. Solutions to ODEs that describe simple harmonic motion are usually found by investigating the…

Experimental developments in relativistic heavy-ion collisions published between Quark Matter 2002 and the beginning of Quark Matter 2004

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hemmick, Thomas K

2004-01-01

The Quark Matter conference is the 'meeting of record' for the field of relativistic heavy-ion physics. Each such conference is filled with exciting new data frequently presented to the world for the first time. However, the field also makes significant progress during the 18 months between Quark Matter conferences. Such progress is summarized in a single talk near the beginning of the conference and sets the stage for the newest data and discoveries. This paper is the experimental summary of selected results published in journals and presented at conferences between the end of QM2002 and the beginning of QM2004

Relativistic U(3) symmetry and pseudo-U(3) symmetry of the Dirac Hamiltonian

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ginocchio, Joseph N.

2010-01-01

The Dirac Hamiltonian with relativistic scalar and vector harmonic oscillator potentials has been solved analytically in two limits. One is the spin limit for which spin is an invariant symmetry of the the Dirac Hamiltonian and the other is the pseudo-spin limit for which pseudo-spin is an invariant symmetry of the Dirac Hamiltonian. The spin limit occurs when the scalar potential is equal to the vector potential plus a constant, and the pseudospin limit occurs when the scalar potential is equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the vector potential plus a constant. Like the non-relativistic harmonic oscillator, each of these limits has a higher symmetry. For example, for the spherically symmetric oscillator, these limits have a U(3) and pseudo-U(3) symmetry respectively. We shall discuss the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of these two limits and derive the relativistic generators for the U(3) and pseudo-U(3) symmetry. We also argue, that, if an anti-nucleon can be bound in a nucleus, the spectrum will have approximate spin and U(3) symmetry.

Harmonic oscillator on a lattice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ader, J.P.; Bonnier, B.; Hontebeyrie, M.; Meyers, C.

1983-01-01

The continuum limit of the ground state energy for the harmonic oscillator with discrete time is derived for all possible choices of the lattice derivative. The occurrence of unphysical values is shown to arise whenever the lattice laplacian is not strictly positive on its Brillouin zone. These undesirable limits can either be finite and arbitrary (multiple spectrum) or infinite (overlapping sublattices with multiple spectrum). (orig.)

Non-singular spiked harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aguilera-Navarro, V.C.; Guardiola, R.

1990-01-01

A perturbative study of a class of non-singular spiked harmonic oscillators defined by the hamiltonian H = d sup(2)/dr sup(2) + r sup(2) + λ/r sup(α) in the domain [0,∞] is carried out, in the two extremes of a weak coupling and a strong coupling regimes. A path has been found to connect both expansions for α near 2. (author)

Quark-diquark approximation of the three-quark structure of baryons in the quark confinement model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Efimov, G.V.; Ivanov, M.A.; Lyubovitskij, V.E.

1990-01-01

Octet (1 + /2) and decuplet (3 + /2) of baryons as relativistic three-quark states are investigated in the quark confinement model (QCM), the relativistic quark model, based on some assumptions about hadronization and quark confinement. The quark-diquark approximation of the three-quark structure of baryons is proposed. In the framework of this approach the description of the main low-energy characteristics of baryons as magnetic moments, electromagnetic radii and form factors, ratio of axial and vector constants in semileptonic baryon octet decays, strong form factors and decay widths is given. The obtained results are in agreement with experimental data. 31 refs.; 4 figs.; 5 tabs

First, Second Quantization and Q-Deformed Harmonic Oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Van Ngu, Man; Vinh, Ngo Gia; Lan, Nguyen Tri; Viet, Nguyen Ai; Thanh, Luu Thi Kim

2015-01-01

Relations between the first, the second quantized representations and deform algebra are investigated. In the case of harmonic oscillator, the axiom of first quantization (the commutation relation between coordinate and momentum operators) and the axiom of second quantization (the commutation relation between creation and annihilation operators) are equivalent. We shown that in the case of q-deformed harmonic oscillator, a violence of the axiom of second quantization leads to a violence of the axiom of first quantization, and inverse. Using the coordinate representation, we study fine structures of the vacuum state wave function depend in the deformation parameter q. A comparison with fine structures of Cooper pair of superconductivity in the coordinate representation is also performed. (paper)

SOLUTION OF HARMONIC OSCILLATOR OF NONLINEAR MASTER SCHRÖDINGER

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

T B Prayitno

2012-02-01

Full Text Available We have computed the solution of a nonrelativistic particle motion in a harmonic oscillator potential of the nonlinear master Schrödinger equation. The equation itself is based on two classical conservation laws, the Hamilton-Jacobi and the continuity equations. Those two equations give each contribution for the definition of quantum particle. We also prove that the solution can’t be normalized.   Keywords : harmonic oscillator, nonlinear Schrödinger.

Two-dimensional generalized harmonic oscillators and their Darboux partners

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schulze-Halberg, Axel

2011-01-01

We construct two-dimensional Darboux partners of the shifted harmonic oscillator potential and of an isotonic oscillator potential belonging to the Smorodinsky–Winternitz class of superintegrable systems. The transformed solutions, their potentials and the corresponding discrete energy spectra are computed in explicit form. (paper)

A new analytical approximation to the Duffing-harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fesanghary, M.; Pirbodaghi, T.; Asghari, M.; Sojoudi, H.

2009-01-01

In this paper, a novel analytical approximation to the nonlinear Duffing-harmonic oscillator is presented. The variational iteration method (VIM) is used to obtain some accurate analytical results for frequency. The accuracy of the results is excellent in the whole range of oscillation amplitude variations.

Relativistic form factors for hadrons with quark-model wave functions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stanley, D.P.; Robson, D.

1982-01-01

The relationship between relativistic form factors and quark-potential-model wave functions is examined using an improved version of an approach by Licht and Pagnamenta. Lorentz-contraction effects are expressed in terms of an effective hadron mass which varies as the square root of the number of quark constituents. The effective mass is calculated using the rest-frame wave functions from the mean-square momentum along the direction of the momentum transfer. Applications with the parameter-free approach are made to the elastic form factors of the pion, proton, and neutron using a Hamiltonian which simultaneously describes mesons and baryons. A comparison of the calculated radii for pions and kaons suggests that the measured kaon radius should be slightly smaller than the corresponding pion radius. The large negative squared charge radius for the neutron is partially explained via the quark model but a full description requires the inclusion of a small component of a pion ''cloud'' configuration. The problematic connection between the sizes of hadrons deduced from form factors and the ''measured'' values of average transverse momenta is reconciled in the present model

Multimegawatt relativistic harmonic gyrotron traveling-wave tube amplifier experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Menninger, W.L.; Danly, B.G.; Temkin, R.J.

1996-01-01

The first multimegawatt harmonic relativistic gyrotron traveling-wave tube (gyro-twt) amplifier experiment has been designed, built, and tested. Results from this experimental setup, including the first ever reported third-harmonic gyro-twt results, are presented. Operation frequency is 17.1 GHz. Detailed phase measurements are also presented. The electron beam source is SNOMAD-II, a solid-state nonlinear magnetic accelerator driver with nominal parameters of 400 kV and 350 A. The flat-top pulsewidth is 30 ns. The electron beam is focused using a Pierce geometry and then imparted with transverse momentum using a bifilar helical wiggler magnet. Experimental operation involving both a second-harmonic interaction with the TE 21 mode and a third-harmonic interaction with the TE 31 mode, both at 17 GHz, has been characterized. The third-harmonic interaction resulted in 4-MW output power and 50-dB single-pass gain, with an efficiency of up to ∼8%. The best measured phase stability of the TE 31 amplified pulse was ±10 degree over a 9-ns period. The phase stability was limited because the maximum RF power was attained when operating far from wiggler resonance. The second harmonic, TE 21 had a peak amplified power of 2 MW corresponding to 40-dB single-pass gain and 4% efficiency. The second-harmonic interaction showed stronger superradiant emission than the third-harmonic interaction. Characterizations of the second- and third-harmonic gyro-twt experiments presented here include measurement of far-field radiation patterns, gain and phase versus interaction length, phase stability, and output power versus input power

The quantum harmonic oscillator on a circle and a deformed quantum field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rego-Monteiro, M.A.

2001-05-01

We construct a deformed free quantum field theory with an standard Hilbert space based on a deformed Heisenberg algebra. This deformed algebra is a Heisenberg-type algebra describing the first levels of the quantum harmonic oscillator on a circle of large length L. The successive energy levels of this quantum harmonic oscillator on a circle of large length L are interpreted, similarly to the standard quantum one-dimensional harmonic oscillator on an infinite line, as being obtained by the creation of a quantum particle of frequency w at very high energies. (author)

On the Quantum Potential and Pulsating Wave Packet in the Harmonic Oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dubois, Daniel M.

2008-01-01

A fundamental mathematical formalism related to the Quantum Potential factor, Q, is presented in this paper. The Schroedinger equation can be transformed to two equations depending on a group velocity and a density of presence of the particle. A factor, in these equations, was called ''Quantum Potential'' by D. Bohm and B. Hiley. In 1999, I demonstrated that this Quantum Potential, Q, can be split in two Quantum Potentials, Q 1 , and Q 2 , for which the relation, Q=Q 1 +Q 2 , holds. These two Quantum Potentials depend on a fundamental new variable, what I called a phase velocity, u, directly related to the probability density of presence of the wave-particle, given by the modulus of the wave function. This paper gives some further developments for explaining the Quantum Potential for oscillating and pulsating Gaussian wave packets in the Harmonic Oscillator. It is shown that the two Quantum Potentials play a central role in the interpretation of quantum mechanics. A breakthrough in the formalism of the Quantum Mechanics could be provoked by the physical properties of these Quantum Potentials. The probability density of presence of the oscillating and pulsating Gaussian wave packets in the Harmonic Oscillator is directly depending on the ratio Q 2 /Q 1 of the two Quantum Potentials. In the general case, the energy of these Gaussian wave packets is not constant, but is oscillating. The energy is given by the sum of the kinetic energy, T, the potential energy, V, and the two Quantum Potentials: E=T+V+Q 1 +Q 2 . For some conditions, given in the paper, the energy can be a constant. The first remarkable result is the fact that the first Quantum Potential, Q 1 , is related to the ground state energy, E 0 , of the Quantum Harmonic Oscillator: Q 1 =h-bar ω/2=E 0 . The second result is related to the property of the second Quantum Potential, Q 2 , which plays the role of an anti-potential, Q 2 =-V(x), where V is the harmonic oscillator potential. This Quantum Potential

Laguerre polynomials by a harmonic oscillator

Science.gov (United States)

Baykal, Melek; Baykal, Ahmet

2014-09-01

The study of an isotropic harmonic oscillator, using the factorization method given in Ohanian's textbook on quantum mechanics, is refined and some collateral extensions of the method related to the ladder operators and the associated Laguerre polynomials are presented. In particular, some analytical properties of the associated Laguerre polynomials are derived using the ladder operators.

Hyperchaotic circuit with damped harmonic oscillators

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lindberg, Erik; Murali, K.; Tamasevicius, A.

2001-01-01

A simple fourth-order hyperchaotic circuit with damped harmonic oscillators is described. ANP3 and PSpice simulations including an eigenvalue study of the linearized Jacobian are presented together with a hardware implementation. The circuit contains two inductors with series resistance, two ideal...... capacitors and one nonlinear active conductor. The Lyapunov exponents are presented to confirm the hyperchaotic nature of the oscillations of the circuit. The nonlinear conductor is realized with a diode. A negative impedance converter and a linear resistor. The performance of the circuit is investigated...... by means of numerical integration of the appropriate differential equations....

Chaos of the Relativistic Forced van der Pol Oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ashkenazya, Y.; Gorma, C; Horwitz, L. P.

1998-01-01

A manifestly relativistically covariant form of the van der Pol oscillator in 1 + 1 dimensions is studied. We show that the driven relativistic equations, for which z and t are coupled, relax very quickly to a pair of identical decoupled equations, due to a rapid vanishing of the angular momentum (the boost in 1 + 1 dimensions). A similar effect occurs in the damped driven covariant Duffing oscillator previously treated. This effect is an example of entrainment, or synchronization (phase locking) , of coupled chaotic systems. The Lyapunov exponents are calculated using the very efficient method of Habib and Ryne. We show a Poincare map that demonstrates this effect and maintains remarkable stability in spite of the inevitable accumulation of computer error in the chaotic region. For our choice of parameters, the positive Lyapunov exponent is about 0.242 almost independently of the integration method

Search for free quarks produced in ultra-relativistic collisions at BNL [Brookhaven National Laboratory] and CERN [European Organization for Nuclear Research

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matis, H.S.; Pugh, H.G.; Alba, G.P.; Bland, R.W.; Calloway, D.H.; Dickson, S.; Hodges, C.L.; Palmer, T.L.; Stricker, D.A.; Johnson, R.T.

1990-07-01

A high intensity experiment was performed to search for free quarks at BNL and CERN using ultra-relativistic beams. The experiment was designed to trap quarks in a Hg target or liquid Ar tank. No free quark candidate was found. Limits from 10 -7 to 10 -10 quarks per incident ion are reported. 7 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs

Sobolev Spaces Associated to the Harmonic Oscillator

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

We define the Hermite-Sobolev spaces naturally associated to the harmonic oscillator H = − + | x | 2 . Structural properties, relations with the classical Sobolev spaces, boundedness of operators and almost everywhere convergence of solutions of the Schrödinger equation are also considered.

Laguerre polynomials by a harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baykal, Melek; Baykal, Ahmet

2014-01-01

The study of an isotropic harmonic oscillator, using the factorization method given in Ohanian's textbook on quantum mechanics, is refined and some collateral extensions of the method related to the ladder operators and the associated Laguerre polynomials are presented. In particular, some analytical properties of the associated Laguerre polynomials are derived using the ladder operators. (paper)

Exact diagonalization of the D-dimensional spatially confined quantum harmonic oscillator

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kunle Adegoke

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In the existing literature various numerical techniques have been developed to quantize the confined harmonic oscillator in higher dimensions. In obtaining the energy eigenvalues, such methods often involve indirect approaches such as searching for the roots of hypergeometric functions or numerically solving a differential equation. In this paper, however, we derive an explicit matrix representation for the Hamiltonian of a confined quantum harmonic oscillator in higher dimensions, thus facilitating direct diagonalization.

The macroscopic harmonic oscillator and quantum measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hayward, R.W.

1982-01-01

A quantum mechanical description of a one-dimensional macroscopic harmonic oscillator interacting with its environment is given. Quasi-coherent states are introduced to serve as convenient basis states for application of a density matrix formalism to characterize the system. Attention is given to the pertinent quantum limits to the precision of measurement of physical observables that may provide some information on the nature of a weak classical force interacting with the oscillator. A number of ''quantum nondemolition'' schemes proposed by various authors are discussed. (Auth.)

Time-dependent Hartree approximation and time-dependent harmonic oscillator model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blaizot, J.P.

1982-01-01

We present an analytically soluble model for studying nuclear collective motion within the framework of the time-dependent Hartree (TDH) approximation. The model reduces the TDH equations to the Schroedinger equation of a time-dependent harmonic oscillator. Using canonical transformations and coherent states we derive a few properties of the time-dependent harmonic oscillator which are relevant for applications. We analyse the role of the normal modes in the time evolution of a system governed by TDH equations. We show how these modes couple together due to the anharmonic terms generated by the non-linearity of the theory. (orig.)

'quantumness' measures in the decohering harmonic oscillator

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

We studied the behaviour under decoherence of four different measures of the distance between quantum states and classical states for the harmonic oscillator coupled to a linear Markovian bath. Three of these are relative measures, using different definitions of the distance between the given quantum states and the set of ...

Consequences of a description of the nucleon and delta spectra in terms of a non-relativistic quark-potential model with oscillator variational states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harvey, M.

1984-01-01

General conditions are derived for matrix elements of a quark-confining potential that is assumed to yield the nucleon and delta spectra with oscillator variational states. Parameters are given for a particular functional form of the confining potential under various fitting criteria to the baryon spectra; this form is to be used in subsequent calculations of the nuclear force. (orig.)

On parasupersymmetric oscillators and relativistic vector mesons in constant magnetic fields

Science.gov (United States)

Debergh, Nathalie; Beckers, Jules

1995-01-01

Johnson-Lippmann considerations on oscillators and their connection with the minimal coupling schemes are visited in order to introduce a new Sakata-Taketani equation describing vector mesons in interaction with a constant magnetic field. This new proposal, based on a specific parasupersymmetric oscillator-like system, is characterized by real energies as opposed to previously pointed out relativistic equations corresponding to this interacting context.

High-harmonic relativistic gyrotron as an alternative to FEL

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bratman, V L; Kalynov, Yu K; Kolganov, N G; Manuilov, V N; Ofitserov, M M; Samsonov, S V; Volkov, A B [Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod (Russian Federation). Inst. of Applid Physics

1997-12-31

A submillimeter wave gyrotron operating at moderately relativistic electron energies of 200-300 keV is proposed as a simple alternative to FEL. It is shown that high pulsed magnetic fields of 20-30 T and selective excitation of separate modes for resonances up to the 5-7 th harmonics will make it possible to obtain in a single device the coherent radiation with broadband frequency step tuning within the whole submillimeter wavelength range. At large pitch angles the coupling of the electron beam with cavity modes at higher harmonics should be as strong as at the fundamental one. In order to check the theoretical predictions, two gyrotrons were designed: LOG-1 (250 kV, 10 A, 10 ms) with a thermionic emission cathode and LOG-2 (350 kV, 35 A, 20 ns) with an explosive emission cathode. (J.U.). 7 refs.

Pisot q-coherent states quantization of the harmonic oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gazeau, J.P., E-mail: gazeau@apc.univ-paris7.fr [Laboratoire APC, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, 75205 Paris (France); Olmo, M.A. del, E-mail: olmo@fta.uva.es [Departamento de Fisica Teorica and IMEVA, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47005, Valladolid (Spain)

2013-03-15

We revisit the quantized version of the harmonic oscillator obtained through a q-dependent family of coherent states. For each q, 0oscillator: localization in the configuration and in the phase spaces, angle operator, probability distributions and related statistical features, time evolution and semi-classical phase space trajectories. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Quantized version of the harmonic oscillator (HO) through a q-family of coherent states. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer For q,0oscillator.

Azimuthal anisotropy at the relativistic heavy ion collider: the first and fourth harmonics.

Science.gov (United States)

Adams, J; Adler, C; Aggarwal, M M; Ahammed, Z; Amonett, J; Anderson, B D; Anderson, M; Arkhipkin, D; Averichev, G S; Badyal, S K; Balewski, J; Barannikova, O; Barnby, L S; Baudot, J; Bekele, S; Belaga, V V; Bellwied, R; Berger, J; Bezverkhny, B I; Bhardwaj, S; Bhaskar, P; Bhati, A K; Bichsel, H; Billmeier, A; Bland, L C; Blyth, C O; Bonner, B E; Botje, M; Boucham, A; Brandin, A; Bravar, A; Cadman, R V; Cai, X Z; Caines, H; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M; Carroll, J; Castillo, J; Castro, M; Cebra, D; Chaloupka, P; Chattopadhyay, S; Chen, H F; Chen, Y; Chernenko, S P; Cherney, M; Chikanian, A; Choi, B; Christie, W; Coffin, J P; Cormier, T M; Cramer, J G; Crawford, H J; Das, D; Das, S; Derevschikov, A A; Didenko, L; Dietel, T; Dong, W J; Dong, X; Draper, J E; Du, F; Dubey, A K; Dunin, V B; Dunlop, J C; Dutta Majumdar, M R; Eckardt, V; Efimov, L G; Emelianov, V; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Erazmus, B; Estienne, M; Fachini, P; Faine, V; Faivre, J; Fatemi, R; Filimonov, K; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fisyak, Y; Flierl, D; Foley, K J; Fu, J; Gagliardi, C A; Gagunashvili, N; Gans, J; Ganti, M S; Gaudichet, L; Germain, M; Geurts, F; Ghazikhanian, V; Ghosh, P; Gonzalez, J E; Grachov, O; Grigoriev, V; Gronstal, S; Grosnick, D; Guedon, M; Guertin, S M; Gupta, A; Gushin, E; Gutierrez, T D; Hallman, T J; Hardtke, D; Harris, J W; Heinz, M; Henry, T W; Heppelmann, S; Herston, T; Hippolyte, B; Hirsch, A; Hjort, E; Hoffmann, G W; Horsley, M; Huang, H Z; Huang, S L; Humanic, T J; Igo, G; Ishihara, A; Jacobs, P; Jacobs, W W; Janik, M; Jiang, H; Johnson, I; Jones, P G; Judd, E G; Kabana, S; Kaneta, M; Kaplan, M; Keane, D; Khodyrev, V Yu; Kiryluk, J; Kisiel, A; Klay, J; Klein, S R; Klyachko, A; Koetke, D D; Kollegger, T; Kopytine, M; Kotchenda, L; Kovalenko, A D; Kramer, M; Kravtsov, P; Kravtsov, V I; Krueger, K; Kuhn, C; Kulikov, A I; Kumar, A; Kunde, G J; Kunz, C L; Kutuev, R Kh; Kuznetsov, A A; Lamont, M A C; Landgraf, J M; Lange, S; Lansdell, C P; Lasiuk, B; Laue, F; Lauret, J; Lebedev, A; Lednický, R; LeVine, M J; Li, C; Li, Q; Lindenbaum, S J; Lisa, M A; Liu, F; Liu, L; Liu, Z; Liu, Q J; Ljubicic, T; Llope, W J; Long, H; Longacre, R S; Lopez-Noriega, M; Love, W A; Ludlam, T; Lynn, D; Ma, J; Ma, Y G; Magestro, D; Mahajan, S; Mangotra, L K; Mahapatra, D P; Majka, R; Manweiler, R; Margetis, S; Markert, C; Martin, L; Marx, J; Matis, H S; Matulenko, Yu A; McShane, T S; Meissner, F; Melnick, Yu; Meschanin, A; Messer, M; Miller, M L; Milosevich, Z; Minaev, N G; Mironov, C; Mishra, D; Mitchell, J; Mohanty, B; Molnar, L; Moore, C F; Mora-Corral, M J; Morozov, D A; Morozov, V; de Moura, M M; Munhoz, M G; Nandi, B K; Nayak, S K; Nayak, T K; Nelson, J M; Nevski, P; Nikitin, V A; Nogach, L V; Norman, B; Nurushev, S B; Odyniec, G; Ogawa, A; Okorokov, V; Oldenburg, M; Olson, D; Paic, G; Pandey, S U; Pal, S K; Panebratsev, Y; Panitkin, S Y; Pavlinov, A I; Pawlak, T; Perevoztchikov, V; Perkins, C; Peryt, W; Petrov, V A; Phatak, S C; Picha, R; Planinic, M; Pluta, J; Porile, N; Porter, J; Poskanzer, A M; Potekhin, M; Potrebenikova, E; Potukuchi, B V K S; Prindle, D; Pruneau, C; Putschke, J; Rai, G; Rakness, G; Raniwala, R; Raniwala, S; Ravel, O; Ray, R L; Razin, S V; Reichhold, D; Reid, J G; Renault, G; Retiere, F; Ridiger, A; Ritter, H G; Roberts, J B; Rogachevski, O V; Romero, J L; Rose, A; Roy, C; Ruan, L J; Sahoo, R; Sakrejda, I; Salur, S; Sandweiss, J; Savin, I; Schambach, J; Scharenberg, R P; Schmitz, N; Schroeder, L S; Schweda, K; Seger, J; Seliverstov, D; Seyboth, P; Shahaliev, E; Shao, M; Sharma, M; Shestermanov, K E; Shimanskii, S S; Singaraju, R N; Simon, F; Skoro, G; Smirnov, N; Snellings, R; Sood, G; Sorensen, P; Sowinski, J; Spinka, H M; Srivastava, B; Stanislaus, S; Stock, R; Stolpovsky, A; Strikhanov, M; Stringfellow, B; Struck, C; Suaide, A A P; Sugarbaker, E; Suire, C; Sumbera, M; Surrow, B; Symons, T J M; de Toledo, A Szanto; Szarwas, P; Tai, A; Takahashi, J; Tang, A H; Thein, D; Thomas, J H; Tikhomirov, V; Tokarev, M; Tonjes, M B; Trainor, T A; Trentalange, S; Tribble, R E; Trivedi, M D; Trofimov, V; Tsai, O; Ullrich, T; Underwood, D G; Van Buren, G; VanderMolen, A M; Vasiliev, A N; Vasiliev, M; Vigdor, S E; Viyogi, Y P; Voloshin, S A; Waggoner, W; Wang, F; Wang, G; Wang, X L; Wang, Z M; Ward, H; Watson, J W; Wells, R; Westfall, G D; Whitten, C; Wieman, H; Willson, R; Wissink, S W; Witt, R; Wood, J; Wu, J; Xu, N; Xu, Z; Xu, Z Z; Yamamoto, E; Yepes, P; Yurevich, V I; Zanevski, Y V; Zborovský, I; Zhang, H; Zhang, W M; Zhang, Z P; Zołnierczuk, P A; Zoulkarneev, R; Zoulkarneeva, J; Zubarev, A N

2004-02-13

We report the first observations of the first harmonic (directed flow, v(1)) and the fourth harmonic (v(4)), in the azimuthal distribution of particles with respect to the reaction plane in Au+Au collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Both measurements were done taking advantage of the large elliptic flow (v(2)) generated at RHIC. From the correlation of v(2) with v(1) it is determined that v(2) is positive, or in-plane. The integrated v(4) is about a factor of 10 smaller than v(2). For the sixth (v(6)) and eighth (v(8)) harmonics upper limits on the magnitudes are reported.

On quantum harmonic oscillator being subjected to absolute ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

On quantum harmonic oscillator being subjected to absolute potential state. SWAMI NITYAYOGANANDA. Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama, R.K. Beach, Visakhapatnam 530 003, India. E-mail: nityayogananda@gmail.com. MS received 1 May 2015; accepted 6 May 2016; published online 3 December 2016. Abstract.

Entanglement in the harmonic chain and quantum fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kofler, J.; Vedral, V.; Brukner, C.

2005-01-01

Full text: Relativistic field theory is a natural basis for the theoretical investigation of quantum entanglement, since the concept of locality and causality is inherently included. Vacuum entanglement of relativistic fields manifests itself in Hawking radiation and the Unruh effect. But it also is encountered in the linear harmonic chain, which - in the continuum limit and if generalized to three spatial dimensions - becomes the real scalar Klein-Gordon field. One can define average position and momentum operators for two separated blocks of oscillators in the harmonic chain and investigate the entanglement - by means of a separability criterion - between these blocks as a function of their distance and the coupling between the oscillators. This motivated us to rewrite the general separability conditions for continuous variables into the language of quantum field theory, where the position and momentum operator become integrals of the Klein-Gordon field and the conjugate momentum field, respectively. The role of the modes (or particles) is then merely played by the space(-time) regions over which the integration takes (author)

Information cloning of harmonic oscillator coherent states

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

We show that in the case of unknown harmonic oscillator coherent statesit is possible to achieve what we call perfect information cloning. By this we mean that it is still possible to make arbitrary number of copies of a state which has exactly the same information content as the original unknown coherent state. By making use ...

Mehler's formulae for isotropic harmonic oscillator wave functions and application in the Green function calculus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Caetano Neto, E.S.

1976-01-01

A stationary Green function is calculated for the Schroedinger Hamiltonian of the multidimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator and for physical systems, which may, somehow, have their Hamiltonian reduced to one in the form of a harmonic oscillator, for any dimension [pt

Forced harmonic oscillations of the Euler-Bernoulli beam with resistance forces

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yuriy S. Krutiy

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The important issue in the oscillation theory is the study of resistance impact on oscillatory processes. Unlike the calculations of free oscillations, that reside in determination of natural frequencies and waveshapes and unlike the calculations of forced oscillations far away from resonance, that are performing without reference to friction, the oscillations researches in vicinity of resonance need accounting of friction forces. Special attention is paid to forced transverse fluctuations in beams as an important technical problem for engineering and building. Aim: The aim of the work is constructing of analytical solution of the problem of forced transverse vibrations of a straight rod with constant cross-section, which is under the influence of the harmonic load taking into account external and internal resistances. Materials and Methods: The internal resistance is taken into account using the corrected hypothesis of Kelvin-Voigt which reflects the empirically proven fact about the frequency-independent internal friction in the material. The external friction is also considered as frequency-independent. Results: An analytical solution is built for the differential equation of forced transverse oscillations of a straight rod with constant cross-section which is under the influence of the harmonic load taking into account external and internal resistances. As a result, analytically derived formulae are presented which describe the forced dynamic oscillations and the dynamic internal forces due to the harmonic load applied to the rod thus reducing the problem with any possible fixed ends to the search of unknown integration constants represented in a form of initial parameters.

Axion oscillations and the quark-hadron phase transition

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dowrick, N.; McDougall, N.A.

1988-12-01

We consider the possibility that the quark-hadron phase transition occurs when the axion field passes through the minimum of its potential during its oscillation cycle. If this were to occur, the axion field would gain no energy from the associated increase in mass thus permitting the cosmological bound on the axion decay constant to be raised. However, we find that the probability of this happening is small.

Axion oscillations and the quark-hadron phase transition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dowrick, N.; McDougall, N.A.

1988-01-01

We consider the possibility that the quark-hadron phase transition occurs when the axion field passes through the minimum of its potential during its oscillation cycle. If this were to occur, the axion field would gain no energy from the associated increase in mass thus permitting the cosmological bound on the axion decay constant to be raised. However, we find that the probability of this happening is small. (orig.)

Three particle Poincare states and SU(6) x SU(3) as a classification group for baryons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buccella, F.; Sciarrino, A.; Sorba, P.

1975-05-01

A complete set of democratic quantum numbers is introduced to classify the states of an irreducible unitary representation (IUR) of the Poincare group obtained from the decomposition of the direct products of three I.U.R. Such states are identified with the baryon states constituted of three free relativistic quarks. The transformation from current to constituent quarks is then easily reobtained. Moreover, the group SU(6) x SU(3) appears naturally as a collinear classification group for baryons. Results similar to those of the symmetric harmonic oscillator quark model are obtained [fr

On the H particle stability in the non relativistic quark model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silvestre-Brac, B.; Carbonell, J.; Gignoux, C.

1987-05-01

The H particle with quark content (uuddss) is presented as a good candidate to be stable with respect to strong interactions. In the framework of a non relativistic potential model, the binding energy is calculated by a full dynamical approach using a resonating group trial wave function. The center of mass motion and the Pauli principle are correctly treated. Sophisticated baryon wave functions are employed and the equation of motion is solved with six coupled channels including radial excited baryon states. The effect of breaking SU(3) flavour symmetry is discussed in detail

Runaway relativistic electron scattering on the plazma oscillations in tokamak

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krasovitskij, V.B.; Razdorski, V.G.

1980-01-01

The dynamics of fast electrons in a tolamak plasma with the presence of the constant external electric field have been inveatigated. It is shown that the occurrence of the relativistic electrons ''tail'' of the distribution function is followed by an intensive plasma oscillation swinging under conditions of the anomalous Doppler effect and their large angle scattering in the momentum space. A part of scattered electrons is captured by tokamak inhomogeneous magnetic field and causes the occurrence of a new low frequency alfven instability under conditions of magnetic drift resonance followed by quasilinear diffusion of relativistic electrons along the small radius of the torus. The flux of runaway electrons scattered on plasma oscillations has been found. A nonlinear diffusion equation has been derived for the flux of captured electrons. The equation defines the carrying out of fast particles from the plasma filament center to its periphery depending on the external magnetic field and plasma parameters

On the moment of inertia of a quantum harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khamzin, A. A.; Sitdikov, A. S.; Nikitin, A. S.; Roganov, D. A.

2013-01-01

An original method for calculating the moment of inertia of the collective rotation of a nucleus on the basis of the cranking model with the harmonic-oscillator Hamiltonian at arbitrary frequencies of rotation and finite temperature is proposed. In the adiabatic limit, an oscillating chemical-potential dependence of the moment of inertia is obtained by means of analytic calculations. The oscillations of the moment of inertia become more pronounced as deformations approach the spherical limit and decrease exponentially with increasing temperature.

The influence of initial state fluctuations on heavy quark energy loss in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cao, Shanshan; Bass, Steffen A; Huang, Yajing; Qin, Guang-You

2015-01-01

We study the effects of initial state fluctuations on the dynamical evolution of heavy quarks inside a quark–gluon plasma (QGP) created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The evolution of heavy quarks in QGP matter is described utilizing a modified Langevin equation that incorporates the contributions from both collisional and radiative energy loss. The spacetime evolution of the fireball medium is simulated with a (2 + 1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic model. We find that when the medium traversed by the heavy quark contains a fixed amount of energy, heavy quarks tend to lose more energy for greater fluctuations of the medium density. This may result in a larger suppression of heavy flavor observables in a fluctuating QGP matter than in a smooth one. The possibility of using hard probes to infer the information of initial states of heavy-ion collisions is discussed. (paper)

Quantum theory of damped harmonic oscillator | Antia | Global ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The exact solutions of the Schrödinger equation for damped harmonic oscillator with pulsating mass and modified Caldirola-Kanai Hamiltonian are evaluated. We also investigated the case of under-damped for the two models constructed and the results obtained in both cases do not violate Heisenberg uncertainty principle ...

Maximal Regularity of the Discrete Harmonic Oscillator Equation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Airton Castro

2009-01-01

Full Text Available We give a representation of the solution for the best approximation of the harmonic oscillator equation formulated in a general Banach space setting, and a characterization of lp-maximal regularity—or well posedness—solely in terms of R-boundedness properties of the resolvent operator involved in the equation.

High performance imaging of relativistic soft X-ray harmonics by sub-micron resolution LiF film detectors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pikuz, Tatiana; Faenov, Anatoly [Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215 (Japan); Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125412 (Russian Federation); Pirozhkov, Alexander; Esirkepov, Timur; Koga, James; Nakamura, Tatsufumi; Bulanov, Sergei; Fukuda, Yuji; Hayashi, Yukio; Kotaki, Hideyuki; Kando, Masaki [Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215 (Japan); Astapov, Artem; Pikuz, Sergey Jr. [Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125412 (Russian Federation); Klushin, Georgy [Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125412 (Russian Federation); International Laser Center of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow (Russian Federation); Nagorskiy, Nikolai; Magnitskiy, Sergei [International Laser Center of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow (Russian Federation); Kato, Yoshiaki [The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka (Japan)

2012-12-15

The spectrum variation and the coherent properties of the high-order harmonics (HOH) generated by an oscillating electron spikes formed at the joint of the boundaries of a cavity and a bow wave, which are created by a relativistically self-focusing laser in underdense gas jet plasma, are investigated. This new mechanism for HOH generation efficiently produces emission from ultraviolet up to the XUV ''water window'' spectral range. To characterize such source in the wide spectral range a diffraction imaging technique is applied. High spatial resolution EUV and soft X-ray LiF film detector have been used for precise measurements of diffraction patterns. The measurements under observation angle of 8 to the axis of laser beam propagation have been performed. The diffraction patterns were observed on the detector clearly, when the square mesh was placed at the distance of 500 mm from the output of plasma and at the distance of 27.2 mm in front of the detector. It is shown that observed experimental patterns are well consistent with modeled ones for theoretical HOH spectrum, provided by particle-in-cell simulations of a relativistic-irradiance laser pulse interaction with underdense plasma (copyright 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

Semileptonic Decays of Heavy Omega Baryons in a Quark Model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Muslema Pervin; Winston Roberts; Simon Capstick

2006-01-01

The semileptonic decays of (Omega) c and (Omega) b are treated in the framework of a constituent quark model developed in a previous paper on the semileptonic decays of heavy Λ baryons. Analytic results for the form factors for the decays to ground states and a number of excited states are evaluated. For (Omega) b to (Omega) c the form factors obtained are shown to satisfy the relations predicted at leading order in the heavy-quark effective theory at the non-recoil point. A modified fit of nonrelativistic and semirelativistic Hamiltonians generates configuration-mixed baryon wave functions from the known masses and the measured Λ c + → Λe + ν rate, with wave functions expanded in both harmonic oscillator and Sturmian bases. Decay rates of (Omega) b to pairs of ground and excited (Omega) c states related by heavy-quark symmetry calculated using these configuration-mixed wave functions are in the ratios expected from heavy-quark effective theory, to a good approximation. Our predictions for the semileptonic elastic branching fraction of (Omega) Q vary minimally within the models we use. We obtain an average value of (84 ± 2%) for the fraction of (Omega) c → Ξ (*) decays to ground states, and 91% for the fraction of (Omega) c → (Omega) (*) decays to the ground state (Omega). The elastic fraction of (Omega) b → (Omega) c ranges from about 50% calculated with the two harmonic-oscillator models, to about 67% calculated with the two Sturmian models

Generation of even harmonics in a relativistic laser plasma of atomic clusters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krainov, V.P.; Rastunkov, V.S.

2004-01-01

It is shown that the irradiation of atomic clusters by a superintense femtosecond laser pulse gives rise to various harmonics of the laser field. They arise as a result of elastic collisions of free electrons with atomic ions inside the clusters in the presence of the laser filed. The yield of even harmonics whose electromagnetic field is transverse is attributed to the relativism of the motion of electrons and the consideration of their drift velocity associated with the internal ionization of atoms and atomic ions of a cluster. These harmonics are emitted in the same direction as odd harmonics. The conductivities and electromagnetic fields of the harmonics are calculated. The generation efficiency of the harmonics slowly decreases as the harmonic number increases. The generation of even harmonics ceases when the drift velocity of electrons becomes equal to zero and only the oscillation velocity of electrons is nonzero. The results can also be applied to the irradiation of solid-state targets inside a skin layer

Statistical mechanics of quantum one-dimensional damped harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borges, E.N.M.; Borges, O.N.; Ribeiro, L.A.A.

1985-01-01

We calculate the thermal correlation functions of the one-dimensional damped harmonic oscillator in contact with a reservoir, in an exact form by applying Green's function method. In this way the thermal fluctuations are incorporated in the Caldirola-Kanai Hamiltonian

Nonlinear analysis of a cross-coupled quadrature harmonic oscillator

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Djurhuus, Torsten; Krozer, Viktor; Vidkjær, Jens

2005-01-01

The dynamic equations governing the cross-coupled quadrature harmonic oscillator are derived assuming quasi-sinusoidal operation. This allows for an investigation of the previously reported tradeoff between close-to-carrier phase noise and quadrature precision. The results explain how nonlinearity...

Semileptonic decays of Λ{sub c} baryons in the relativistic quark model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Faustov, R.N.; Galkin, V.O. [Institute of Informatics in Education, FRC CSC RAS, Moscow (Russian Federation)

2016-11-15

Motivated by recent experimental progress in studying weak decays of the Λ{sub c} baryon we investigate its semileptonic decays in the framework of the relativistic quark model based on the quasipotential approach with the QCD-motivated potential. The form factors of the Λ{sub c} → Λlν{sub l} and Λ{sub c} → nlν{sub l} decays are calculated in the whole accessible kinematical region without extrapolations and additional model assumptions. Relativistic effects are systematically taken into account including transformations of baryon wave functions from the rest to moving reference frame and contributions of the intermediate negative-energy states. Baryon wave functions found in the previous mass spectrum calculations are used for the numerical evaluation. Comprehensive predictions for decay rates, asymmetries and polarization parameters are given. They agree well with available experimental data. (orig.)

Derivation of exact master equation with stochastic description: dissipative harmonic oscillator.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Haifeng; Shao, Jiushu; Wang, Shikuan

2011-11-01

A systematic procedure for deriving the master equation of a dissipative system is reported in the framework of stochastic description. For the Caldeira-Leggett model of the harmonic-oscillator bath, a detailed and elementary derivation of the bath-induced stochastic field is presented. The dynamics of the system is thereby fully described by a stochastic differential equation, and the desired master equation would be acquired with statistical averaging. It is shown that the existence of a closed-form master equation depends on the specificity of the system as well as the feature of the dissipation characterized by the spectral density function. For a dissipative harmonic oscillator it is observed that the correlation between the stochastic field due to the bath and the system can be decoupled, and the master equation naturally results. Such an equation possesses the Lindblad form in which time-dependent coefficients are determined by a set of integral equations. It is proved that the obtained master equation is equivalent to the well-known Hu-Paz-Zhang equation based on the path-integral technique. The procedure is also used to obtain the master equation of a dissipative harmonic oscillator in time-dependent fields.

Information measures of a deformed harmonic oscillator in a static electric field

Science.gov (United States)

Nascimento, J. P. G.; Ferreira, F. A. P.; Aguiar, V.; Guedes, I.; Costa Filho, Raimundo N.

2018-06-01

The Shannon entropy and the Fischer information are calculated for an harmonic oscillator in the presence of an applied electric field (ε) in a space with metrics given by gxx-1/2 = 1 + γx. For that metric the harmonic oscillator can be mapped into a Morse potential in an Euclidean space. For ε = 0, the ground state energy decreases when γ increases. However, for certain values of ε the energy decrease can be canceled out. The dependence of the uncertainties, the entropy, and the information on the parameters γ and ε are shown.

Third harmonic generation by Bloch-oscillating electrons in a quasioptical array

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ghosh, A.W.; Wanke, M.C.; Allen, S.J.; Wilkins, J.W.

1999-01-01

We compute the third harmonic field generated by Bloch-oscillating electrons in a quasioptical array of superlattices under THz irradiation. The third harmonic power transmitted oscillates with the internal electric field, with nodes associated with Bessel functions in eEd/ℎω. The nonlinear response of the array causes the output power to be a multivalued function of the incident laser power. The output can be optimized by adjusting the frequency of the incident pulse to match one of the Fabry-Pacute erot resonances in the substrate. Within the transmission-line model of the array, the maximum conversion efficiency is 0.1%. copyright 1999 American Institute of Physics

Symmetries and conservation laws of the damped harmonic oscillator

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

symmetries are expressed in the form of generators. We have studied the ..... For λ = 0, Iβ=1 represents the total energy of the harmonic oscillator with Uβ=1 as the time .... Ind. J. Pure Appl. Phys. 43, 479 (2005); Classical and quantum me-.

Time-dependent coupled harmonic oscillators: classical and quantum solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Macedo, D.X.; Guedes, I.

2014-01-01

In this work we present the classical and quantum solutions for an arbitrary system of time-dependent coupled harmonic oscillators, where the masses (m), frequencies (ω) and coupling parameter (k) are functions of time. To obtain the classical solutions, we use a coordinate and momentum transformations along with a canonical transformation to write the original Hamiltonian as the sum of two Hamiltonians of uncoupled harmonic oscillators with modified time-dependent frequencies and unitary masses. To obtain the exact quantum solutions we use a unitary transformation and the Lewis and Riesenfeld (LR) invariant method. The exact wave functions are obtained by solving the respective Milne–Pinney (MP) equation for each system. We obtain the solutions for the system with m 1 = m 2 = m 0 e γt , ω 1 = ω 01 e -γt/2 , ω 2 = ω 02 e -γt/2 and k = k 0 . (author)

Variational and perturbative schemes for a spiked harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aguilera-Navarro, V.C.; Estevez, G.A.; Guardiola, R.

1989-01-01

A variational analysis of the spiked harmonic-oscillator Hamiltonian operator -d 2 /dx 2 + x 2 + l(l+1)/x 2 + λ |x| -α , where α is a real positive parameter, is reported in this work. The formalism makes use of the functional space spanned by the solutions of the Schroedinger equation for the linear harmonic-oscillator Hamiltonian supplemented by a Dirichlet boundary condition, and a standard procedure for diagonalizing symmetric matrices. The eigenvalues obtained by increasing the dimension of the basis set provides accurate approximations for the ground-state energy of the model system, valid for positive and relatively large values of the coupling parameter λ. Additionally, a large-coupling pertubative-expansion is carried out and the contributions up to fourth order to the ground-state energy are explicitly evaluated. Numerical results are compared for the special case α=5/2. (author) [pt

Free Fall and Harmonic Oscillations: Analyzing Trampoline Jumps

Science.gov (United States)

Pendrill, Ann-Marie; Eager, David

2015-01-01

Trampolines can be found in many gardens and also in some playgrounds. They offer an easily accessible vertical motion that includes free fall. In this work, the motion on a trampoline is modelled by assuming a linear relation between force and deflection, giving harmonic oscillations for small amplitudes. An expression for the cycle-time is…

Coherent states of general time-dependent harmonic oscillator

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Abstract. By introducing an invariant operator, we obtain exact wave functions for a general time-dependent quadratic harmonic oscillator. The coherent states, both in x- and p-spaces, are calculated. We confirm that the uncertainty product in coherent state is always larger than Η/2 and is equal to the minimum of the ...

A simple mechanical model for the isotropic harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nita, Gelu M

2010-01-01

A constrained elastic pendulum is proposed as a simple mechanical model for the isotropic harmonic oscillator. The conceptual and mathematical simplicity of this model recommends it as an effective pedagogical tool in teaching basic physics concepts at advanced high school and introductory undergraduate course levels.

Semileptonic Decays of Heavy Lambda Baryons in a Quark Model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Winston Roberts; Muslema Pervin; Simon Capstick

2005-03-01

The semileptonic decays of {Lambda}{sub c} and {Lambda}{sub b} are treated in the framework of a constituent quark model. Both nonrelativistic and semirelativistic Hamiltonians are used to obtain the baryon wave functions from a fit to the spectra, and the wave functions are expanded in both the harmonic oscillator and Sturmian bases. The latter basis leads to form factors in which the kinematic dependence on q{sup 2} is in the form of multipoles, and the resulting form factors fall faster as a function of q{sup 2} in the available kinematic ranges. As a result, decay rates obtained in the two models using the Sturmian basis are significantly smaller than those obtained using the harmonic oscillator basis. In the case of the {Lambda}{sub c}, decay rates calculated using the Sturmian basis are closer to the experimentally reported rates. However, we find a semileptonic branching fraction for the {Lambda}{sub c} to decay to excited {Lambda}* states of 11% to 19%, in contradiction with what is assumed in available experimental analyses. Our prediction for the {Lambda}{sub b} semileptonic decays is that decays to the ground state {Lambda}{sub c} provide a little less than 70% of the total semileptonic decay rate. For the decays {Lambda}{sub b} {yields} {Lambda}{sub c}, the analytic form factors we obtain satisfy the relations expected from heavy-quark effective theory at the non-recoil point, at leading and next-to-leading orders in the heavy-quark expansion. In addition, some features of the heavy-quark limit are shown to naturally persist as the mass of the heavy quark in the daughter baryon is decreased.

Harmonic oscillations, chaos and synchronization in systems consisting of Van der Pol oscillator coupled to a linear oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Woafo, P.

1999-12-01

This paper deals with the dynamics of a model describing systems consisting of the classical Van der Pol oscillator coupled gyroscopically to a linear oscillator. Both the forced and autonomous cases are considered. Harmonic response is investigated along with its stability boundaries. Condition for quenching phenomena in the autonomous case is derived. Neimark bifurcation is observed and it is found that our model shows period doubling and period-m sudden transitions to chaos. Synchronization of two and more systems in their chaotic regime is presented. (author)

Using harmonic oscillators to determine the spot size of Hermite-Gaussian laser beams

Science.gov (United States)

Steely, Sidney L.

1993-01-01

The similarity of the functional forms of quantum mechanical harmonic oscillators and the modes of Hermite-Gaussian laser beams is illustrated. This functional similarity provides a direct correlation to investigate the spot size of large-order mode Hermite-Gaussian laser beams. The classical limits of a corresponding two-dimensional harmonic oscillator provide a definition of the spot size of Hermite-Gaussian laser beams. The classical limits of the harmonic oscillator provide integration limits for the photon probability densities of the laser beam modes to determine the fraction of photons detected therein. Mathematica is used to integrate the probability densities for large-order beam modes and to illustrate the functional similarities. The probabilities of detecting photons within the classical limits of Hermite-Gaussian laser beams asymptotically approach unity in the limit of large-order modes, in agreement with the Correspondence Principle. The classical limits for large-order modes include all of the nodes for Hermite Gaussian laser beams; Sturm's theorem provides a direct proof.

Relativistic simulations of compact object mergers for nucleonic matter and strange quark matter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bauswein, Andreas Ottmar

2010-01-01

Under the assumption that the energy of the ground state of 3-flavor quark matter is lower than the one of nucleonic matter, the compact stellar remnants of supernova explosions are composed of this quark matter. Because of the appearance of strange quarks, such objects are called strange stars. Considering their observational features, strange stars are very similar to neutron stars made of nucleonic matter, and therefore observations cannot exclude the existence of strange stars. This thesis introduces a new method for simulating mergers of compact stars and black holes within a general relativistic framework. The main goal of the present work is the investigation of the question, whether the coalescence of two strange stars in a binary system yields observational signatures that allow one to distinguish them from colliding neutron stars. In this context the gravitational-wave signals are analyzed. It is found that in general the characteristic frequencies in the gravitational-wave spectra are higher for strange stars. Moreover, the amount of matter that becomes gravitationally unbound during the merging is determined. The detection of ejecta of strange star mergers as potential component of cosmic ray flux could serve as a proof of the existence of strange quark matter. (orig.)

Relativistic simulations of compact object mergers for nucleonic matter and strange quark matter

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bauswein, Andreas Ottmar

2010-01-29

Under the assumption that the energy of the ground state of 3-flavor quark matter is lower than the one of nucleonic matter, the compact stellar remnants of supernova explosions are composed of this quark matter. Because of the appearance of strange quarks, such objects are called strange stars. Considering their observational features, strange stars are very similar to neutron stars made of nucleonic matter, and therefore observations cannot exclude the existence of strange stars. This thesis introduces a new method for simulating mergers of compact stars and black holes within a general relativistic framework. The main goal of the present work is the investigation of the question, whether the coalescence of two strange stars in a binary system yields observational signatures that allow one to distinguish them from colliding neutron stars. In this context the gravitational-wave signals are analyzed. It is found that in general the characteristic frequencies in the gravitational-wave spectra are higher for strange stars. Moreover, the amount of matter that becomes gravitationally unbound during the merging is determined. The detection of ejecta of strange star mergers as potential component of cosmic ray flux could serve as a proof of the existence of strange quark matter. (orig.)

Zeta functions for the spectrum of the non-commutative harmonic oscillators

CERN Document Server

Ichinose, T

2004-01-01

This paper investigates the spectral zeta function of the non-commutative harmonic oscillator studied in \\cite{PW1, 2}. It is shown, as one of the basic analytic properties, that the spectral zeta function is extended to a meromorphic function in the whole complex plane with a simple pole at $s=1$, and further that it has a zero at all non-positive even integers, i.e. at $s=0$ and at those negative even integers where the Riemann zeta function has the so-called trivial zeros. As a by-product of the study, both the upper and the lower bounds are also given for the first eigenvalue of the non-commutative harmonic oscillator.

Harmonic-oscillator pattern arising from an algebraic approach to chiral symmetry

CERN Document Server

Buccella, F; Savoy, C A

1972-01-01

The Weinberg equation for the (mass)/sup 2/ operator (Q/sub 5//sup +/, (Q/sub 5//sup +/, m/sup 2/))=0, between meson states, is saturated in a perturbative approach. The generator Z of the mixing operators is completely established as Z=(W*M)/sub z/, where W is the W-spin operator and M is the co-ordinate of the three-dimensional harmonic oscillator. In a perturbative expansion of the (mass)/sup 2/ operator, the lowest term consists of two parts, the harmonic-oscillator energy and a spin-orbit coupling of the form (-1)/sup L+1/(L.S+/sup 1///sub 2 /). The resulting (mass)/sup 2/ consists of families of equispaced linearly rising trajectories. (11 refs).

Predicting chaos in memristive oscillator via harmonic balance method.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Xin; Li, Chuandong; Huang, Tingwen; Duan, Shukai

2012-12-01

This paper studies the possible chaotic behaviors in a memristive oscillator with cubic nonlinearities via harmonic balance method which is also called the method of describing function. This method was proposed to detect chaos in classical Chua's circuit. We first transform the considered memristive oscillator system into Lur'e model and present the prediction of the existence of chaotic behaviors. To ensure the prediction result is correct, the distortion index is also measured. Numerical simulations are presented to show the effectiveness of theoretical results.

Relativistic extension of a charge-conservative finite element solver for time-dependent Maxwell-Vlasov equations

Science.gov (United States)

Na, D.-Y.; Moon, H.; Omelchenko, Y. A.; Teixeira, F. L.

2018-01-01

Accurate modeling of relativistic particle motion is essential for physical predictions in many problems involving vacuum electronic devices, particle accelerators, and relativistic plasmas. A local, explicit, and charge-conserving finite-element time-domain (FETD) particle-in-cell (PIC) algorithm for time-dependent (non-relativistic) Maxwell-Vlasov equations on irregular (unstructured) meshes was recently developed by Moon et al. [Comput. Phys. Commun. 194, 43 (2015); IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 44, 1353 (2016)]. Here, we extend this FETD-PIC algorithm to the relativistic regime by implementing and comparing three relativistic particle-pushers: (relativistic) Boris, Vay, and Higuera-Cary. We illustrate the application of the proposed relativistic FETD-PIC algorithm for the analysis of particle cyclotron motion at relativistic speeds, harmonic particle oscillation in the Lorentz-boosted frame, and relativistic Bernstein modes in magnetized charge-neutral (pair) plasmas.

Dissipative quantum trajectories in complex space: Damped harmonic oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chou, Chia-Chun, E-mail: ccchou@mx.nthu.edu.tw

2016-10-15

Dissipative quantum trajectories in complex space are investigated in the framework of the logarithmic nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The logarithmic nonlinear Schrödinger equation provides a phenomenological description for dissipative quantum systems. Substituting the wave function expressed in terms of the complex action into the complex-extended logarithmic nonlinear Schrödinger equation, we derive the complex quantum Hamilton–Jacobi equation including the dissipative potential. It is shown that dissipative quantum trajectories satisfy a quantum Newtonian equation of motion in complex space with a friction force. Exact dissipative complex quantum trajectories are analyzed for the wave and solitonlike solutions to the logarithmic nonlinear Schrödinger equation for the damped harmonic oscillator. These trajectories converge to the equilibrium position as time evolves. It is indicated that dissipative complex quantum trajectories for the wave and solitonlike solutions are identical to dissipative complex classical trajectories for the damped harmonic oscillator. This study develops a theoretical framework for dissipative quantum trajectories in complex space.

Dissipative quantum trajectories in complex space: Damped harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chou, Chia-Chun

2016-01-01

Dissipative quantum trajectories in complex space are investigated in the framework of the logarithmic nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The logarithmic nonlinear Schrödinger equation provides a phenomenological description for dissipative quantum systems. Substituting the wave function expressed in terms of the complex action into the complex-extended logarithmic nonlinear Schrödinger equation, we derive the complex quantum Hamilton–Jacobi equation including the dissipative potential. It is shown that dissipative quantum trajectories satisfy a quantum Newtonian equation of motion in complex space with a friction force. Exact dissipative complex quantum trajectories are analyzed for the wave and solitonlike solutions to the logarithmic nonlinear Schrödinger equation for the damped harmonic oscillator. These trajectories converge to the equilibrium position as time evolves. It is indicated that dissipative complex quantum trajectories for the wave and solitonlike solutions are identical to dissipative complex classical trajectories for the damped harmonic oscillator. This study develops a theoretical framework for dissipative quantum trajectories in complex space.

Non-unique monopole oscillations of harmonically confined Yukawa systems

Science.gov (United States)

Ducatman, Samuel; Henning, Christian; Kaehlert, Hanno; Bonitz, Michael

2008-11-01

Recently it was shown that the Breathing Mode (BM), the mode of uniform radial expansion and contraction, which is well known from harmonically confined Coulomb systems [1], does not exist in general for other systems [2]. As a consequence the monopole oscillation (MO), the radial collective excitation, is not unique, but there are several MO with different frequencies. Within this work we show simulation results of those monopole oscillations of 2-dimensional harmonically confined Yukawa systems, which are known from, e.g., dusty plasma crystals [3,4]. We present the corresponding spectrum of the particle motion, including analysis of the frequencies found, and compare with theoretical investigations.[1] D.H.E. Dubin and J.P. Schiffer, Phys. Rev. E 53, 5249 (1996)[2] C. Henning at al., accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett. (2008)[3] A. Melzer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 115002 (2001)[4] M. Bonitz et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 075001 (2006)

Exact Time-Dependent Wave Functions of a Confined Time-Dependent Harmonic Oscillator with Two Moving Boundaries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lo, C.F.

2009-01-01

By applying the standard analytical techniques of solving partial differential equations, we have obtained the exact solution in terms of the Fourier sine series to the time-dependent Schroedinger equation describing a quantum one-dimensional harmonic oscillator of time-dependent frequency confined in an infinite square well with the two walls moving along some parametric trajectories. Based upon the orthonormal basis of quasi-stationary wave functions, the exact propagator of the system has also been analytically derived. Special cases like (i) a confined free particle, (ii) a confined time-independent harmonic oscillator, and (iii) an aging oscillator are examined, and the corresponding time-dependent wave functions are explicitly determined. Besides, the approach has been extended to solve the case of a confined generalized time-dependent harmonic oscillator for some parametric moving boundaries as well. (general)

The mass spectrum of double heavy baryons in new potential quark models

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kovalenko Vladimir

2017-01-01

Full Text Available A new approach to study the mass spectrum of double heavy baryons (QQ′q containing strange and charmed quarks is proposed. It is based on the separation of variables in the Schrodinger equation in the prolate spheroidal coordinates. Two nonrelativistic potential models are considered. In the first model, the interaction potential of the quarks is the sum of the Coulomb and non-spherically symmetrical linear confinement potential. In the second model it is assumed that the quark confinement provided by a spherically symmetric harmonic oscillator potential. In both models the mass spectrum is calculated, and a comparison with previous results from other models is performed.

The resonating group method in an harmonic oscillator basis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silvestre-Brac, B.; Gignoux, C.; Ayant, Y.

1987-05-01

The scattering states for a general many body system is formulated within the resonating group method. The resulting Lippman-Schwinger equation is solved in an harmonic oscillator basis for which a number of advantages are emphasized. The analytical formula giving the free propagator in that basis is fully derived

Bispectral analysis of harmonic oscillations measured using beam emission spectroscopy and magnetic probes in CHS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oishi, Tetsutarou; Yoshinuma, Mikirou; Ida, Katsumi; Akiyama, Tsuyoshi; Minami, Takashi; Nagaoka, Kenichi; Shimizu, Akihiro; Okamura, Shoichi; Kado, Shinichiro

2008-01-01

The coherent MHD oscillation, which consists of the fundamental frequency of several kilohertz and its higher harmonics, (harmonic oscillation: HO) has been observed in Compact Helical System. HO consists of two pairs of harmonic series. One is located in the core region near the ι=0.5 rational surface (denoted as 'HO (core)'), the other is located in the edge region near the ι=1.0 rational surface (denoted as 'HO (edge)'). In the present study, bispectral analysis is applied to the fluctuation data, for which HO is measured by beam emission spectroscopy (BES) and using magnetic probes. The analysis has revealed that fundamental mode of HO in both the magnetic and core density fluctuations have phase correlation with the harmonics including fundamental oscillation, while HO in edge density fluctuation does not have such phase correlation. Mode numbers of HOs are identical for harmonic components having different frequencies, i.e., m/n=-2/1 for HO (core) and m/n=-1/1 for HO (edge). It suggests that the generation of harmonics cannot be interpreted simply as mode coupling because the summation rule for the wavenumber is not satisfied, even though the bicoherence value is significant. The bicoherence value and relative amplitude of higher harmonics correlate with each other, which suggests that bicoherence indicates the degree of distortion of the signals. (author)

Thermal state of the general time-dependent harmonic oscillator

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Taking advantage of dynamical invariant operator, we derived quantum mechanical solution of general time-dependent harmonic oscillator. The uncertainty relation of the system is always larger than ħ=2 not only in number but also in the thermal state as expected. We used the diagonal elements of density operator ...

Transformations of the perturbed two-body problem to unperturbed harmonic oscillators

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Szebehely, V; Bond, V

1983-05-01

Singular, nonlinear, and Liapunov unstable equations are made regular and linear through transformations that change the perturbed planar problem of two bodies into unperturbed and undamped harmonic oscillators with constant coefficients, so that the stable solution may be immediately written in terms of the new variables. The use of arbitrary and special functions for the transformations allows the systematic discussion of previously introduced and novel anomalies. For the case of the unperturbed two-body problem, it is proved that if transformations are power functions of the radial variable, only the eccentric and the true anomalies (with the corresponding transformations of the radial variable) will result in harmonic oscillators. The present method significantly reduces computation requirements in autonomous space operations. 11 references.

Relativistic quark model and behaviour of the meson electromagnetic form factors at small and intermediate momentum transfer Q2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bagdasaryan, A.S.; Esaybegyan, S.V.; Ter-Isaakyan, N.L.

1982-01-01

In a model of hadrons composed of relativistic quarks a description of meson static characteristics and pion electromagnetic form factor in the range of small and intermediate values of momentum transfer 0 2 2 have obtained. It is shown that in such a model the data available on the pion electromagnetic form factor may be described basing on a simplest quark without gluon exchange. The contribution of a one-gluon exchange diagram in such a model cannot exceed 30%

Ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions - a hot cocktail of hydrodynamics, resonances and jets

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zabrodin E.

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at energies of RHIC and LHC are considered. For comparison with data the HYDJET++ model, which contains the treatment of both soft and hard processes, is employed. The study focuses mainly on the interplay of ideal hydrodynamics, final state interactions and jets, and its influence on the development of harmonics of the anisotropic flow. It is shown that jets are responsible for violation of the number-of-constituent-quark (NCQ scaling at LHC energies. The interplay between elliptic and triangular flows and their contribution to higher flow harmonics and dihadron angular correlations, including ridge, is also discussed.

particle simulation for electrostatic oscillation of virtual cathode in relativistic electron beams

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Deming; Wang Min

1990-01-01

The virtual cathode oscillation in relativistic electron beams is studied by a 1-D electrostatic particle simulation code with finite-size-particle model. When injection current is less than the space charge limiting current, electron beam propagates stably and transsmits completely. When injection current exceeds the space charge limit, its propagation is unstable, a part of electrons reflect and the other electrons transsmit. The position and potential of the virtual cathode caused by space charge effects oscillate periodically. When the beam current increases, the virtual cathode position closer to the injection plane and its oscillating region gets narrower, the virtual cathode potential decreases and its amplitude increases, the oscillation frequency increases above the beam plasma frequency

QUANTUM NATURE OF CYCLOTRON HARMONICS IN THERMAL SPECTRA OF NEUTRON STARS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suleimanov, V. F.; Werner, K.; Pavlov, G. G.

2010-01-01

Some isolated neutron stars (NSs) show harmonically spaced absorption features in their thermal soft X-ray spectra. The interpretation of the features as a cyclotron line and its harmonics has been suggested, but the usual explanation of the harmonics as caused by relativistic effects fails because the relativistic corrections are extremely small in this case. We suggest that the features, known as quantum oscillations, correspond to the peaks in the energy dependence of the free-free opacity in a quantizing magnetic field. The peaks arise when the transitions to new Landau levels become allowed with increasing the photon energy; they are strongly enhanced by the square-root singularities in the phase-space density of quantum states in the case when the free (non-quantized) motion is effectively one dimensional. To explore observable properties of these quantum oscillations, we calculate models of hydrogen NS atmospheres with B ∼ 10 10 -10 11 G (i.e., electron cyclotron energy E c,e ∼ 0.1-1 keV) and T eff = 1-3 MK. Such conditions are thought to be typical for the so-called central compact objects in supernova remnants, such as 1E 1207.4-5209 in PKS 1209-51/52. We show that observable features at the electron cyclotron harmonics form at moderately large values of the quantization parameter, b eff ≡ E c,e /kT eff ≅ 0.5-20. The equivalent widths of the features can reach ∼100-200 eV; they grow with increasing b eff and are lower for higher harmonics.

Phase-space treatment of the driven quantum harmonic oscillator

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

A recent phase-space formulation of quantum mechanics in terms of the Glauber coherent states is applied to study the interaction of a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator with an arbitrary time-dependent force. Wave functions of the simultaneous values of position q and momentum p are deduced, which in turn give the ...

On the connection between the hydrogen atom and the harmonic oscillator: the continuum case

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kibler, M.; Negadi, T.

1983-05-01

The connection between a three-dimensional nonrelativistic hydrogen atom with positive energy and a four-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator with repulsive potential is established by applying Jordan-Schwinger boson calculus to the algebra of the Laplace-Runge-Lenz-Pauli vector. The spectrum generating group SO(4,2) both for the bound and free states of the three-dimensional hydrogen atom arises as a quotient of the group Sp(8,R) associated to a four-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator with constraint

Non-isospectrality of the generalized Swanson Hamiltonian and harmonic oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Midya, Bikashkali; Dube, P P; Roychoudhury, Rajkumar, E-mail: bikash.midya@gmail.com, E-mail: ppdube1@gmail.com, E-mail: raj@isical.ac.in [Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700108 (India)

2011-02-11

The generalized Swanson Hamiltonian H{sub GS}=w(a-tilde a-tilde{sup {dagger}}+1/2)+{alpha}{alpha}-tilde{sup 2}+{beta}a-tilde{sup {dagger}}{sup 2} with a-tilde = A(x) d/dx + B(x) can be transformed into an equivalent Hermitian Hamiltonian with the help of a similarity transformation. It is shown that the equivalent Hermitian Hamiltonian can be further transformed into the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian so long as [a-ilde,a-tilde{sup {dagger}}]=constant. However, the main objective of this communication is to show that though the commutator of a-tilde and a-tilde{sup {dagger}} is constant, the generalized Swanson Hamiltonian is not necessarily isospectral to the harmonic oscillator. The reason for this anomaly is discussed in the framework of position-dependent mass models by choosing A(x) as the inverse square root of the mass function. (fast track communication)

New construction of coherent states for generalized harmonic oscillators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El Baz, M.; Hassouni, Y.; Madouri, F.

2001-08-01

A dynamical algebra A q , englobing many of the deformed harmonic oscillator algebras is introduced. One of its special cases is extensively developed. A general method for constructing coherent states related to any algebra of the type A q is discussed. The construction following this method is carried out for the special case. (author)

The forced harmonic oscillator with damping and thermal effects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Menezes Franca, H. de; Thomaz, M.T.

1984-01-01

Nonperturbative quantum mechanical solutions of the forced harmonic oscillator with radiation reaction damping are obtained from previous analysis based on Stochastic Electrodynamics. The transition to excited states is shown to be to coherent states which follow the classical trajectory. The quantum Wigner distribution in phase space is constructed. All the results are extended to finite temperatures. (Author) [pt

Effect of end reflections on conversion efficiency of coaxial relativistic backward wave oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Teng, Yan; Chen, Changhua; Sun, Jun; Shi, Yanchao; Ye, Hu; Wu, Ping; Li, Shuang; Xiong, Xiaolong [Science and Technology on High Power Microwave Laboratory, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi' an 710024 (China)

2015-11-07

This paper theoretically investigates the effect of end reflections on the operation of the coaxial relativistic backward wave oscillator (CRBWO). It is found that the considerable enhancement of the end reflection at one end increases the conversion efficiency, but excessively large end reflections at both ends weaken the asynchronous wave-beam interaction and thus reduce the conversion efficiency. Perfect reflection at the post end significantly improves the interaction between the electron beam and the asynchronous harmonic so that the conversion efficiency is notably increased. Based on the theoretical research, the diffraction-CRBWO with the generated microwave diffracted and output through the front end of the coaxial slow wave structure cavity is proposed. The post end is conductively closed to provide the perfect reflection. This promotes the amplitude and uniformity of the longitudinal electric field on the beam transmission line and improves the asynchronous wave-beam interaction. In numerical simulations under the diode voltage and current of 450 kV and 5.84 kA, microwave generation with the power of 1.45 GW and the conversion efficiency of 55% are obtained at the frequency of 7.45 GHz.

Study of the phase delay in the amplitude-modulated harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krupska, Aldona; Krupski, Marcin

2003-01-01

The delayed response of a damped harmonic oscillator (RLC circuit) to a slow periodic disturbance is presented. This communication is supplementary to the paper published recently (Krupska et al 2001 Eur. J. Phys. 22 133-8)

Population of multi-quark states in exotic multiplets and thermalization in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scherer, S.; Bleicher, M.; Haussler, S.; Stoecker, H.

2008-01-01

The recent discussion about experimental evidence for pentaquark states has revitalized the interest in exotic hadrons. If such states really exist, it is natural to assume that they will be formed at the late hadronization stage of ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions, given the success of quark recombination models in the description of hadronization. Here, we apply the qMD model to study the formation of color neutral exotic multi-quark clusters at hadronization. We search for color neutral clusters made up of up to six color charges, respectively. We thus obtain estimates for the numbers and phase space distributions of exotic hadronic states produced by clustering in heavy ion collisions, including the members of the pentaquark multiplets. We obtain particle abundances that are smaller than thermal model predictions. Moreover, the results obtained in recombination from ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions can be compared to the estimates based on equal population of the corresponding multiplets, and to results from fully thermalized systems. We find that the distribution of exotic hadrons from recombination over large multiplets provides a sensitive signal for thermalization and decorrelation of the initial, non-equilibrium state of the collision. (author)

Crypto-harmonic oscillator in higher dimensions: classical and quantum aspects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ghosh, Subir; Majhi, Bibhas Ranjan

2008-01-01

We study complexified harmonic oscillator models in two and three dimensions. Our work is a generalization of the work of Smilga (2007 Preprint 0706.4064 (J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. at press)) who initiated the study of these Crypto-gauge invariant models that can be related to PT-symmetric models. We show that rotational symmetry in higher spatial dimensions naturally introduces more constraints (in contrast to Smilga (2007 Preprint 0706.4064 (J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. at press)) where one deals with a single constraint) with a much richer constraint structure. Some common as well as distinct features in the study of the same Crypto-oscillator in different dimensions are revealed. We also quantize the two dimensional Crypto-oscillator

Attainable conditions and exact invariant for the time-dependent harmonic oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guasti, Manuel Fernandez [Lab. de Optica Cuantica, Dep. de Fisica, Universidad A. Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico DF, Ap. Post. 55-534 (Mexico)

2006-09-22

The time-dependent oscillator equation is solved numerically for various trajectories in amplitude and phase variables. The solutions exhibit a finite time-dependent parameter whenever the squared amplitude times the derivative of the phase is invariant. If the invariant relationship does not hold, the time-dependent parameter has divergent singularities. These observations lead to the proposition that the harmonic oscillator equation with finite time-dependent parameter must have amplitude and phase solutions fulfilling the invariant relationship. Since the time-dependent parameter or the potential must be finite for any real oscillator implementation, the invariant must hold for any such physically realizable system.

Attainable conditions and exact invariant for the time-dependent harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guasti, Manuel Fernandez

2006-01-01

The time-dependent oscillator equation is solved numerically for various trajectories in amplitude and phase variables. The solutions exhibit a finite time-dependent parameter whenever the squared amplitude times the derivative of the phase is invariant. If the invariant relationship does not hold, the time-dependent parameter has divergent singularities. These observations lead to the proposition that the harmonic oscillator equation with finite time-dependent parameter must have amplitude and phase solutions fulfilling the invariant relationship. Since the time-dependent parameter or the potential must be finite for any real oscillator implementation, the invariant must hold for any such physically realizable system

A study on the high-order mode oscillation in a four-cavity intense relativistic klystron amplifier

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, Ying-Hui; Niu, Xin-Jian; Wang, Hui [School of Physical Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu (China); Jia, Nan; Duan, Yaoyong [The Chinese People' s Armed Police Force Academy, Hebei (China); Li, Zheng-Hong [Science and Technology on High Power Microwave Laboratory, Institute of Applied Electronics, CAEP, Mianyang (China); Cheng, Hui [Microwave Department, Sichuan Jiuzhou Electric Appliance Group Co., Ltd., Mianyang (China); Yang, Xiao-Chuan [Computational Aerodynamics Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang (China)

2016-07-15

The high-order mode oscillation is studied in designing a four-cavity intense relativistic klystron amplifier. The reason for the oscillation caused by high-order modes and a method to suppress these kinds of spurious modes are found through theoretical analyses and the study on the influence of major parameters of a high frequency structure (such as the oscillation frequency of cavities, the cavity Q value, the length of drift tube section, and the characteristic impedance). Based on much simulation, a four-cavity intense relativistic klystron amplifier with a superior performance has been designed, built, and tested. An output power of 2.22 GW corresponding to 27.4% efficiency and 61 dB gain has been obtained. Moreover, the high-order mode oscillation is suppressed effectively, and an output power of 1.95 GW corresponding to 26% efficiency and 62 dB gain has been obtained in our laboratory.

A quantum harmonic oscillator and strong chaos

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oprocha, Piotr

2006-01-01

It is known that many physical systems which do not exhibit deterministic chaos when treated classically may exhibit such behaviour if treated from the quantum mechanics point of view. In this paper, we will show that an annihilation operator of the unforced quantum harmonic oscillator exhibits distributional chaos as introduced in B Schweizer and J SmItal (1994 Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 344 737-54). Our approach strengthens previous results on chaos in this model and provides a very powerful tool to measure chaos in other (quantum or classical) models

The harmonic oscillator and the position dependent mass Schroedinger equation: isospectral partners and factorization operators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morales, J.; Ovando, G.; Pena, J. J.

2010-01-01

One of the most important scientific contributions of Professor Marcos Moshinsky has been his study on the harmonic oscillator in quantum theory vis a vis the standard Schroedinger equation with constant mass [1]. However, a simple description of the motion of a particle interacting with an external environment such as happen in compositionally graded alloys consist of replacing the mass by the so-called effective mass that is in general variable and dependent on position. Therefore, honoring in memoriam Marcos Moshinsky, in this work we consider the position-dependent mass Schrodinger equations (PDMSE) for the harmonic oscillator potential model as former potential as well as with equi-spaced spectrum solutions, i.e. harmonic oscillator isospectral partners. To that purpose, the point canonical transformation method to convert a general second order differential equation (DE), of Sturm-Liouville type, into a Schroedinger-like standard equation is applied to the PDMSE. In that case, the former potential associated to the PDMSE and the potential involved in the Schroedinger-like standard equation are related through a Riccati-type relationship that includes the equivalent of the Witten superpotential to determine the exactly solvable positions-dependent mass distribution (PDMD)m(x). Even though the proposed approach is exemplified with the harmonic oscillator potential, the procedure is general and can be straightforwardly applied to other DEs.

Revisiting the quantum harmonic oscillator via unilateral Fourier transforms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nogueira, Pedro H F; Castro, Antonio S de

2016-01-01

The literature on the exponential Fourier approach to the one-dimensional quantum harmonic oscillator problem is revised and criticized. It is shown that the solution of this problem has been built on faulty premises. The problem is revisited via the Fourier sine and cosine transform method and the stationary states are properly determined by requiring definite parity and square-integrable eigenfunctions. (paper)

Action-angle variables for the harmonic oscillator : ambiguity spin x duplication spin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliveira, C.R. de; Malta, C.P.

1983-08-01

The difficulties of obtaining for the harmonic oscillator a well defined unitary transformation to action-angle variables were overcome by M. Moshinsky and T.H. Seligman through the introduction of a spinlike variable (ambiguity spin) from a classical point of view. The difficulty of defining a unitary phase operator for the harmonic oscillator was overcome by Roger G. Newton also through the introduction of a spinlike variable (named duplication spin by us) but within a quantum framework. The relation between the ambiguity spin and the duplication spin by introducing these two types of spins in the canonical transformation to action-angle variables is investigated. Doing this it is possible to obtain both well defined unitary transformation and phase operator. (Author) [pt

A method of solving simple harmonic oscillator Schroedinger equation

Science.gov (United States)

Maury, Juan Carlos F.

1995-01-01

A usual step in solving totally Schrodinger equation is to try first the case when dimensionless position independent variable w is large. In this case the Harmonic Oscillator equation takes the form (d(exp 2)/dw(exp 2) - w(exp 2))F = 0, and following W.K.B. method, it gives the intermediate corresponding solution F = exp(-w(exp 2)/2), which actually satisfies exactly another equation, (d(exp 2)/dw(exp 2) + 1 - w(exp 2))F = 0. We apply a different method, useful in anharmonic oscillator equations, similar to that of Rampal and Datta, and although it is slightly more complicated however it is also more general and systematic.

On the harmonic-type and linear-type confinement of a relativistic scalar particle yielded by Lorentz symmetry breaking effects

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bakke, K., E-mail: kbakke@fisica.ufpb.br [Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Caixa Postal 5008, 58051-900, João Pessoa-PB (Brazil); Belich, H., E-mail: belichjr@gmail.com [Departamento de Física e Química, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, 29060-900, Vitória, ES (Brazil)

2016-10-15

Based on the Standard Model Extension, we investigate relativistic quantum effects on a scalar particle in backgrounds of the Lorentz symmetry violation defined by a tensor field. We show that harmonic-type and linear-type confining potentials can stem from Lorentz symmetry breaking effects, and thus, relativistic bound state solutions can be achieved. We first analyse a possible scenario of the violation of the Lorentz symmetry that gives rise to a harmonic-type potential. In the following, we analyse another possible scenario of the breaking of the Lorentz symmetry that induces both harmonic-type and linear-type confining potentials. In this second case, we also show that not all values of the parameter associated with the intensity of the electric field are permitted in the search for polynomial solutions to the radial equation, where the possible values of this parameter are determined by the quantum numbers of the system and the parameters associated with the violation of the Lorentz symmetry.

CONFERENCE: Quark matter 88

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jacob, Maurice

1988-01-01

The 'Quark Matter' Conference caters for physicists studying nuclear matter under extreme conditions. The hope is that relativistic (high energy) heavy ion collisions allow formation of the long-awaited quark-gluon plasma, where the inter-quark 'colour' force is no longer confined inside nucleon-like dimensions

The Quantum Arnold Transformation for the damped harmonic oscillator: from the Caldirola-Kanai model toward the Bateman model

Science.gov (United States)

López-Ruiz, F. F.; Guerrero, J.; Aldaya, V.; Cossío, F.

2012-08-01

Using a quantum version of the Arnold transformation of classical mechanics, all quantum dynamical systems whose classical equations of motion are non-homogeneous linear second-order ordinary differential equations (LSODE), including systems with friction linear in velocity such as the damped harmonic oscillator, can be related to the quantum free-particle dynamical system. This implies that symmetries and simple computations in the free particle can be exported to the LSODE-system. The quantum Arnold transformation is given explicitly for the damped harmonic oscillator, and an algebraic connection between the Caldirola-Kanai model for the damped harmonic oscillator and the Bateman system will be sketched out.

The Quantum Arnold Transformation for the damped harmonic oscillator: from the Caldirola-Kanai model toward the Bateman model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

López-Ruiz, F F; Guerrero, J; Aldaya, V; Cossío, F

2012-01-01

Using a quantum version of the Arnold transformation of classical mechanics, all quantum dynamical systems whose classical equations of motion are non-homogeneous linear second-order ordinary differential equations (LSODE), including systems with friction linear in velocity such as the damped harmonic oscillator, can be related to the quantum free-particle dynamical system. This implies that symmetries and simple computations in the free particle can be exported to the LSODE-system. The quantum Arnold transformation is given explicitly for the damped harmonic oscillator, and an algebraic connection between the Caldirola-Kanai model for the damped harmonic oscillator and the Bateman system will be sketched out.

Initial conditions and robust Newton-Raphson for harmonic balance analysis of free-running oscillators

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Virtanen, J.E.; Maten, ter E.J.W.; Beelen, T.G.J.; Honkala, M.; Hulkkonen, M.

2011-01-01

Poor initial conditions for Harmonic Balance (HB) analysis of freerunning oscillators may lead to divergence of the direct Newton-Raphson method or may prevent to find the solution within an optimization approach. We exploit time integration to obtain estimates for the oscillation frequency and for

Initial conditions and robust Newton-Raphson for harmonic balance analysis of free-running oscillators

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Virtanen, J.E.; Maten, ter E.J.W.; Honkala, M.; Hulkkonen, M.; Günther, M.; Bartel, A.; Brunk, M.; Schoeps, S.; Striebel, M.

2012-01-01

Poor initial conditions for Harmonic Balance (HB) analysis of free-running oscillators may lead to divergence of the direct Newton-Raphson method or may prevent to find the solution within an optimization approach. We exploit time integration to obtain estimates for the oscillation frequency and for

Quantum harmonic oscillators with wave functions having a fixed logarithmic derivative at the equilibrium position

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aguilera-Navarro, V.C.; Ley Koo, E.

The exact solution of the Schrodinger equation for the systems and the boundary condition stated in the title is constructed. The familiar cases of the ordinary harmonic oscillator and the half oscillator are immediately identified. The connection with the double oscillator is also established and is helpful to understand the energy spectrum of the latter. Similar connections can be used to study other partial oscillators. (Author) [pt

Relativistic heavy ion collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barz, H.W.; Kaempfer, B.; Schulz, H.

1984-12-01

An elementary introduction is given into the scenario of relativistic heavy ion collisions. It deals with relativistic kinematics and estimates of energy densities, extrapolations of the present knowledge of hadron-hadron and hadron-nuleus to nucleus-nucleus collisions, the properties of the quark-gluon plasma and the formation of the plasma and possible experimental signatures. Comments are made on a cosmic ray experiment which could be interpreted as a first indication of the quark-gluon phase of the matter. (author)

24th Annual Seminar on theoretical physics, Pretoria, 10-14 July 1989

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1989-01-01

This seminar contains 14 papers which are all indexed separately. Topics covered include: real-time green functions in perturbative thermal field theories; non-perturbative calculations in cavity-QCD; cavity-QCD in a background field and hadrons containing a heavy quark; the quark self-energy in a cavity; the hadron spectrum from lattice QCD; exotic hadrons and the isospin delection rule in K → π π decays; nucleon form factors in the relavistic harmonic oscillator potential for quarks; a dirac description of nuclear polarized beam scattering; coherent nuclear energy levels in a supermanifold; macroscopic description of low-lying isovector 1 + states in deformed nuclei; J/ψ suppression in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions; transport coefficients in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions; decay of interactions during dislocation unbinding in adlayers; and influence of electron-magnon interaction on electronic and magnetic properties of ferromagnetic 4f-systems

The Aerodynamic Behavior of a Harmonically Oscillating Finite Sweptback Wing in Supersonic Flow

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Chang, Chieh-Chien

1951-01-01

By an extension of Evvard's "diaphragm" concept outside the wing tip, the present paper presents two approximate methods for calculating the aerodynamic behavior of harmonically oscillating, sweptback...

Influence of six-quark bags on the NN interaction in a resonating group scattering calculation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Zongye; Braeuer, K.; Faessler, A.; Shimizu, K.

1985-01-01

The influence of six-quark bags oin the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction is studied in a dynamical calculation of the NN scattering process. The NN interaction is described by the exchange of gluons and pions between quarks and a phenomenological sigma-meson exchange between nucleons. The quark wave functions are harmonic oscillators and the relative wave function between the two nucleons is determined by the resonating group method. At short distances the NN system is allowed to fuse to a six-quark bag where all six quarks are in a ground state or where two quarks are in excited Op states. The sizes of these six-quark bags are dynamical parameters in the resonating group calculation allowing for spatial polarisation effects during the interaction. The S-wave NN scattering data can be reproduced by adjusting the sigma-coupling strength. The main result is that the six-quark bags with an increased radius have a large influence on the NN scattering process. (orig.)

Thermal recombination: Beyond the valence quark approximation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mueller, B. [Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 (United States); Fries, R.J. [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 (United States)]. E-mail: fries@physics.umn.edu; Bass, S.A. [Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 (United States); RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 (United States)

2005-07-07

Quark counting rules derived from recombination models agree well with data on hadron production at intermediate transverse momenta in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. They convey a simple picture of hadrons consisting only of valence quarks. We discuss the inclusion of higher Fock states that add sea quarks and gluons to the hadron structure. We show that, when recombination occurs from a thermal medium, hadron spectra remain unaffected by the inclusion of higher Fock states. However, the quark number scaling for elliptic flow is somewhat affected. We discuss the implications for our understanding of data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider.

Relativistic wave functions of two spin 1/2 quarks in a model with QCD interaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skachkov, N.B.; Solovtsov, I.L.

1981-01-01

Within the hamiltonian formulation of quantum field theory an equation is obtained for the vertex and wave functions of a composite system of two spin 1/2 quarks. Exact solutions are found for the relativistic potential having in the momentum representation the ''asymptotically-free'' behaviour at large values of momentum transfer Q 2 . It is shown that within the given model the π-meson wave function has zero at a finite distance corresponding to the point of discontinuity of the effective potential [ru

Quantum entanglement in coupled harmonic oscillator systems: from micro to macro

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kao, Jhih-Yuan; Chou, Chung-Hsien

2016-01-01

We investigate the entanglement dynamics of several models of coupled harmonic oscillators, whereby a number of properties concerning entanglement have been scrutinized, such as how the environment affects entanglement of a system, and death and revival of entanglement. Among them, there are two models for which we are able to vary their particle numbers easily by assuming identicalness, thereby examining how the particle number affects entanglement. We have found that the upper bound of entanglement between identical oscillators is approximately inversely proportional to the particle number. (paper)

Harmonic balancing approach to nonlinear oscillations of a punctual charge in the electric field of charged ring

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belendez, A.; Fernandez, E.; Rodes, J.J.; Fuentes, R.; Pascual, I.

2009-01-01

The harmonic balance method is used to construct approximate frequency-amplitude relations and periodic solutions to an oscillating charge in the electric field of a ring. By combining linearization of the governing equation with the harmonic balance method, we construct analytical approximations to the oscillation frequencies and periodic solutions for the oscillator. To solve the nonlinear differential equation, firstly we make a change of variable and secondly the differential equation is rewritten in a form that does not contain the square-root expression. The approximate frequencies obtained are valid for the complete range of oscillation amplitudes and excellent agreement of the approximate frequencies and periodic solutions with the exact ones are demonstrated and discussed

The two-capacitor problem revisited: a mechanical harmonic oscillator model approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Keeyung

2009-01-01

The well-known two-capacitor problem, in which exactly half the stored energy disappears when a charged capacitor is connected to an identical capacitor, is discussed based on the mechanical harmonic oscillator model approach. In the mechanical harmonic oscillator model, it is shown first that exactly half the work done by a constant applied force is dissipated irrespective of the form of dissipation mechanism when the system comes to a new equilibrium after a constant force is abruptly applied. This model is then applied to the energy loss mechanism in the capacitor charging problem or the two-capacitor problem. This approach allows a simple explanation of the energy dissipation mechanism in these problems and shows that the dissipated energy should always be exactly half the supplied energy whether that is caused by the Joule heat or by the radiation. This paper, which provides a simple treatment of the energy dissipation mechanism in the two-capacitor problem, is suitable for all undergraduate levels

From fundamental fields to constituent quarks and nucleon form factors?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coester, F.

1991-01-01

Constituent-quark models formulated in the frame work of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics have been successful in accounting for the mass spectra of mesons and baryons. Applications to elastic electron scattering require relativistic dynamics. Relativistic quantum mechanics of constituent quarks can be formulated by constructing a suitable unitary representation of the Poincare group on the three-quark Hilbert space. The mass and spin operators of this representation specify the relativistic model dynamics. The dynamics of fundamental quark fields, on the other hand, is specified by a Euclidean functional integral. In this paper, the author shows how the dynamics of the fundamental fields can be related in principle to the Hamiltonian dynamics of quark particles through the properties of the Wightman functions

An alternative factorization of the quantum harmonic oscillator and two-parameter family of self-adjoint operators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arcos-Olalla, Rafael; Reyes, Marco A.; Rosu, Haret C.

2012-01-01

We introduce an alternative factorization of the Hamiltonian of the quantum harmonic oscillator which leads to a two-parameter self-adjoint operator from which the standard harmonic oscillator, the one-parameter oscillators introduced by Mielnik, and the Hermite operator are obtained in certain limits of the parameters. In addition, a single Bernoulli-type parameter factorization, which is different from the one introduced by M.A. Reyes, H.C. Rosu, and M.R. Gutiérrez [Phys. Lett. A 375 (2011) 2145], is briefly discussed in the final part of this work. -- Highlights: ► Factorizations with operators which are not mutually adjoint are presented. ► New two-parameter and one-parameter self-adjoint oscillator operators are introduced. ► Their eigenfunctions are two- and one-parameter deformed Hermite functions.

An alternative factorization of the quantum harmonic oscillator and two-parameter family of self-adjoint operators

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arcos-Olalla, Rafael, E-mail: olalla@fisica.ugto.mx [Departamento de Física, DCI Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, Apdo. Postal E143, 37150 León, Gto. (Mexico); Reyes, Marco A., E-mail: marco@fisica.ugto.mx [Departamento de Física, DCI Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, Apdo. Postal E143, 37150 León, Gto. (Mexico); Rosu, Haret C., E-mail: hcr@ipicyt.edu.mx [IPICYT, Instituto Potosino de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica, Apdo. Postal 3-74 Tangamanga, 78231 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. (Mexico)

2012-10-01

We introduce an alternative factorization of the Hamiltonian of the quantum harmonic oscillator which leads to a two-parameter self-adjoint operator from which the standard harmonic oscillator, the one-parameter oscillators introduced by Mielnik, and the Hermite operator are obtained in certain limits of the parameters. In addition, a single Bernoulli-type parameter factorization, which is different from the one introduced by M.A. Reyes, H.C. Rosu, and M.R. Gutiérrez [Phys. Lett. A 375 (2011) 2145], is briefly discussed in the final part of this work. -- Highlights: ► Factorizations with operators which are not mutually adjoint are presented. ► New two-parameter and one-parameter self-adjoint oscillator operators are introduced. ► Their eigenfunctions are two- and one-parameter deformed Hermite functions.

Transversity quark distributions in a covariant quark-diquark model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cloet, I.C. [Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843 (United States)], E-mail: icloet@anl.gov; Bentz, W. [Department of Physics, School of Science, Tokai University, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa 259-1292 (Japan)], E-mail: bentz@keyaki.cc.u-tokai.ac.jp; Thomas, A.W. [Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606 (United States); College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 (United States)], E-mail: awthomas@jlab.org

2008-01-17

Transversity quark light-cone momentum distributions are calculated for the nucleon. We utilize a modified Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in which confinement is simulated by eliminating unphysical thresholds for nucleon decay into quarks. The nucleon bound state is obtained by solving the relativistic Faddeev equation in the quark-diquark approximation, where both scalar and axial-vector diquark channels are included. Particular attention is paid to comparing our results with the recent experimental extraction of the transversity distributions by Anselmino et al. We also compare our transversity results with earlier spin-independent and helicity quark distributions calculated in the same approach.

Relativistic BCS-BEC Crossover at Quark Level

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhuang P.

2010-10-01

Full Text Available The non-relativistic G0G formalism of BCS-BEC crossover at finite temperature is extended to relativistic fermion systems. The theory recovers the BCS mean field approximation at zero temperature and the non-relativistic results in a proper limit. For massive fermions, when the coupling strength increases, there exist two crossovers from the weak coupling BCS superfluid to the non-relativistic BEC state and then to the relativistic BEC state. For color superconductivity at moderate baryon density, the matter is in the BCS-BEC crossover region, and the behavior of the pseudogap is quite similar to that found in high temperature superconductors.

Complex-potential description of the damped harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Exner, P.

1981-01-01

Multidimensional damped harmonic oscillator is treated by means of a non-selfadjoint Hamiltonian with complex potential. The latter is chosen as V(x)=xx(A-iW)x with positive matrices A, W, By a perturbation-theory argument, the corresponding Hamiltonian H=-1/2Δ+V with the natural domain is shown to be closed and such that Vsub(t)=exp(-iHt) is a continuous contractive semigroup. Explicit integral-operator form of Vsub(t) is found by use of Lie-Trotter formula [ru

Oscillations of disks

CERN Document Server

Kato, Shoji

2016-01-01

This book presents the current state of research on disk oscillation theory, focusing on relativistic disks and tidally deformed disks. Since the launch of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) in 1996, many high-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations (HFQPOs) have been observed in X-ray binaries. Subsequently, similar quasi-periodic oscillations have been found in such relativistic objects as microquasars, ultra-luminous X-ray sources, and galactic nuclei. One of the most promising explanations of their origin is based on oscillations in relativistic disks, and a new field called discoseismology is currently developing. After reviewing observational aspects, the book presents the basic characteristics of disk oscillations, especially focusing on those in relativistic disks. Relativistic disks are essentially different from Newtonian disks in terms of several basic characteristics of their disk oscillations, including the radial distributions of epicyclic frequencies. In order to understand the basic processes...

On the Pseudospectrum of the Harmonic Oscillator with Imaginary Cubic Potential

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Novák, Radek

2015-01-01

Roč. 54, č. 11 (2015), s. 4142-4153 ISSN 0020-7748 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA14-06818S Institutional support: RVO:61389005 Keywords : pseudospectrum * harmonic oscillator * imaginary qubic potential * PT-symmetry * semiclassical method Subject RIV: BE - Theoretical Physics Impact factor: 1.041, year: 2015

Relativistic corrections to η{sub c}-pair production in high energy proton–proton collisions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Martynenko, A.P., E-mail: a.p.martynenko@samsu.ru [Samara State University, Pavlov Street 1, 443011, Samara (Russian Federation); Samara State Aerospace University named after S.P. Korolyov, Moskovskoye Shosse 34, 443086, Samara (Russian Federation); Trunin, A.M., E-mail: amtrnn@gmail.com [Samara State Aerospace University named after S.P. Korolyov, Moskovskoye Shosse 34, 443086, Samara (Russian Federation)

2013-06-10

On the basis of perturbative QCD and the relativistic quark model we calculate relativistic corrections to the double η{sub c} meson production in proton–proton interactions at LHC energies. Relativistic terms in the production amplitude connected with the relative motion of heavy quarks and the transformation law of the bound state wave functions to the reference frame of moving charmonia are taken into account. For the gluon and quark propagators entering the amplitude we use a truncated expansion in relative quark momenta up to the second order. Relativistic corrections to the quark bound state wave functions are considered by means of the Breit-like potential. It turns out that the examined effects decrease total non-relativistic cross section more than two times and on 20 percents in the rapidity region of LHCb detector.

Dynamical symmetries of two-dimensional systems in relativistic quantum mechanics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Fulin; Song Ci; Chen Jingling

2009-01-01

The two-dimensional Dirac Hamiltonian with equal scalar and vector potentials has been proved commuting with the deformed orbital angular momentum L. When the potential takes the Coulomb form, the system has an SO(3) symmetry, and similarly the harmonic oscillator potential possesses an SU(2) symmetry. The generators of the symmetric groups are derived for these two systems separately. The corresponding energy spectra are yielded naturally from the Casimir operators. Their non-relativistic limits are also discussed

Second quantization of a covariant relativistic spacetime string in Steuckelberg-Horwitz-Piron theory

Science.gov (United States)

Suleymanov, Michael; Horwitz, Lawrence; Yahalom, Asher

2017-06-01

A relativistic 4D string is described in the framework of the covariant quantum theory first introduced by Stueckelberg [ Helv. Phys. Acta 14, 588 (1941)], and further developed by Horwitz and Piron [ Helv. Phys. Acta 46, 316 (1973)], and discussed at length in the book of Horwitz [Relativistic Quantum Mechanics, Springer (2015)]. We describe the space-time string using the solutions of relativistic harmonic oscillator [ J. Math. Phys. 30, 66 (1989)]. We first study the problem of the discrete string, both classically and quantum mechanically, and then turn to a study of the continuum limit, which contains a basically new formalism for the quantization of an extended system. The mass and energy spectrum are derived. Some comparison is made with known string models.

On the mass spectra of the pseudoscalar mesons in the relativistic independent quark model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khrushchev, V.V.; Semenov, S.V.

2002-01-01

In the framework of the relativistic independent quark model with the QCD-motivated static potential, the masses of the ground states of pseudoscalar mesons and their radial excitations are calculated for both observed mesons and unobserved ones. The strength of the spin-spin interaction and the magnitude of the mean field contribution are estimated for both the light and heavy 0 -+ mesons. The calculated masses are in agreement with experimental values within an accuracy of 30 - 40 MeV, and the predictions are obtained for the mass values of a number of unobserved yet radial excitations of pseudoscalar mesons

A multi-harmonic generalized energy balance method for studying autonomous oscillations of nonlinear conservative systems

Science.gov (United States)

Balaji, Nidish Narayanaa; Krishna, I. R. Praveen; Padmanabhan, C.

2018-05-01

The Harmonic Balance Method (HBM) is a frequency-domain based approximation approach used for obtaining the steady state periodic behavior of forced dynamical systems. Intrinsically these systems are non-autonomous and the method offers many computational advantages over time-domain methods when the fundamental period of oscillation is known (generally fixed as the forcing period itself or a corresponding sub-harmonic if such behavior is expected). In the current study, a modified approach, based on He's Energy Balance Method (EBM), is applied to obtain the periodic solutions of conservative systems. It is shown that by this approach, periodic solutions of conservative systems on iso-energy manifolds in the phase space can be obtained very efficiently. The energy level provides the additional constraint on the HBM formulation, which enables the determination of the period of the solutions. The method is applied to the linear harmonic oscillator, a couple of nonlinear oscillators, the elastic pendulum and the Henon-Heiles system. The approach is used to trace the bifurcations of the periodic solutions of the last two, being 2 degree-of-freedom systems demonstrating very rich dynamical behavior. In the process, the advantages offered by the current formulation of the energy balance is brought out. A harmonic perturbation approach is used to evaluate the stability of the solutions for the bifurcation diagram.

Periodic Solutions of the Duffing Harmonic Oscillator by He's Energy Balance Method

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. M. El-Naggar

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Duffing harmonic oscillator is a common model for nonlinear phenomena in science and engineering. This paper presents He´s Energy Balance Method (EBM for solving nonlinear differential equations. Two strong nonlinear cases have been studied analytically. Analytical results of the EBM are compared with the solutions obtained by using He´s Frequency Amplitude Formulation (FAF and numerical solutions using Runge-Kutta method. The results show the presented method is potentially to solve high nonlinear oscillator equations.

Supersymmetry and the constants of motion of the two-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Torres del Castillo, G.F.; Tepper G, T.

2002-01-01

It is shown that the constants of motion of the two-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator not related to the rotational invariance of the Hamiltonian can be derived using the ideas of supersymmetric quantum mechanics. (Author)

'Relativistic' quark model for mesons with flavour-independent potential

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kroesen, G.

1987-01-01

On the base of the Bethe-Salpeter equation in instantaneous approximation a unified model for the mass spectrum of the mesons was designed. The 'relativistic' structure of the Bethe-Salpeter equation allows a natural inclusion of the spin dependences and an extension of the model to small quark masses. The model contains as essential property two potential contributions where one represents the one-gluon exchange while the other represents the confinement potential. The annihilation of qanti q into gluons was not regarded. The spectrum and the amplitudes of the Bethe-Salpeter equation were solved approximatively in numerical way for the lowest states. The free parameters of the model were determined by a fit of the spectrum to a wellknown part of the meson spectrum. The results yield even at small quark masses a quantitatively good picture for all meson families. The result shows that the spectra of the heavy and light mesons can be described by a flavor-independent potential which contains 5 free parameters. Both the internal spin dependent structure and the absolute position of the families can so correctly be described. Especially the position of the D, D s , and B states and the position of the uanti u, danti d states can be simultaneously described by a constant C in the long-range part of the potential. The constant C is thereby essentially determined by the splitting between the Υ family and the B family repectively Ψ and D family. The 3 S 1- 3 D 1 respectively the 3 P 2 - 3 F 2 configuration mixing was regarded. The results show that this mixing is negligibly small. (orig./HSI) [de

Use of an untuned cavity for absolute power measurements of the harmonics above 100 GHz from an IMPATT oscillator

Science.gov (United States)

Llewellyn-Jones, D. T.; Knight, R. J.; Gebbie, H. A.

1980-07-01

A new technique of measuring absolute power exploiting an untuned cavity and Fourier spectroscopy has been used to examine the power spectrum of the harmonics and other overtones produced by a 95 GHz IMPATT oscillator. The conditions which favor the production of a rich harmonic spectrum are not those which maximize the fundamental power. Under some conditions of mismatch at the fundamental frequency it is possible to produce over 200 microW of harmonic power in the 100-200 GHz region comparable with the fundamental power from the oscillator.

On the effects of a screw dislocation and a linear potential on the harmonic oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bueno, M.J.; Furtado, C., E-mail: furtado@fisica.ufpb.br; Bakke, K., E-mail: kbakke@fisica.ufpb.br

2016-09-01

Quantum effects on the harmonic oscillator due to the presence of a linear scalar potential and a screw dislocation are investigated. By searching for bound states solutions, it is shown that an Aharonov-Bohm-type effect for bound states and a restriction of the values of the angular frequency of the harmonic oscillator can be obtained, where the allowed values are determined by the topology of the screw dislocation and the quantum numbers associated with the radial modes and the angular momentum. As particular cases, the angular frequency and the energy levels associated with the ground state and the first excited state of the system are obtained.

Schwinger's formula and the partition function for the bosonic and fermionic harmonic oscillators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Albuquerque, L.C. de; Farina, C.; Rabello, S.J.

1994-01-01

We use Schwinger's formula, introduced by himself in the early fifties to compute effective actions for Qed, and recently applied to the Casimir effect, to obtain the partition functions for both the bosonic and fermionic harmonic oscillators. (author)

On the quantization of a nonlinear oscillator with quasi-harmonic behaviour

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ranada, M.F.; Carinena, J.F.; Satander, M.

2006-01-01

Full text: (author)The quantum version of a non-linear oscillator, depending of a parameter λ, is studied. This λ-dependent system can be considered deformation of the harmonic oscillator in the sense that for λ→0 all the characteristics of the linear oscillator are recovered. This is a problem of quantization of a system with position-dependent mass and with a λ-dependent nonpolynominal rational potential. The quantization problem is solved using existence of a Killing vector, the λ-dependent Schroedinger equation is exactly solved and λ-dependent eigenenergies and eigenfunctions are obtained. The λ-dependent wave functions appear as related with a family of orthogonal polynomials that can be considered as deformations of the standard Hermite polynomials. In the second part, it is proved the superintegrability of the two-dimensional system

Optimal control of a harmonic oscillator: Economic interpretations

Science.gov (United States)

Janová, Jitka; Hampel, David

2013-10-01

Optimal control is a popular technique for modelling and solving the dynamic decision problems in economics. A standard interpretation of the criteria function and Lagrange multipliers in the profit maximization problem is well known. On a particular example, we aim to a deeper understanding of the possible economic interpretations of further mathematical and solution features of the optimal control problem: we focus on the solution of the optimal control problem for harmonic oscillator serving as a model for Phillips business cycle. We discuss the economic interpretations of arising mathematical objects with respect to well known reasoning for these in other problems.

Suppression of the asymmetric competition mode in the relativistic Ku-band coaxial transit-time oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ling, Junpu; He, Juntao; Zhang, Jiande; Jiang, Tao; Wang, Lei [College of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073 (China)

2014-10-15

A relativistic Ku-band coaxial transit-time oscillator has been proposed in our previous work. In the experiments, we find that the asymmetric competition mode in the device limits the microwave power with the increase of the input electric power. For solving such a problem, the methods for analysis and suppression of the asymmetric competition mode in the device are investigated theoretically and experimentally. It is shown that the structure and the material of the collector, the concentricity, and the electron emission uniformity play an important part in the suppression of the asymmetric competition mode in the relativistic Ku-band transit-time oscillator. In the subsequent experiments, the asymmetric mode was suppressed effectively. At a low guiding magnetic field of 0.7 T, a microwave pulse with power of 1 GW, frequency of 14.3 GHz close to the simulation one, and efficiency of 20% was generated.

A generalized Jaynes-Cummings model: The relativistic parametric amplifier and a single trapped ion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ojeda-Guillén, D., E-mail: dojedag@ipn.mx [Escuela Superior de Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Juan de Dios Bátiz esq. Av. Miguel Othón de Mendizábal, Col. Lindavista, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07738 Ciudad de México (Mexico); Mota, R. D. [Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica, Unidad Culhuacán, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Santa Ana No. 1000, Col. San Francisco Culhuacán, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04430 Ciudad de México (Mexico); Granados, V. D. [Escuela Superior de Física y Matemáticas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ed. 9, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07738 Ciudad de México (Mexico)

2016-06-15

We introduce a generalization of the Jaynes-Cummings model and study some of its properties. We obtain the energy spectrum and eigenfunctions of this model by using the tilting transformation and the squeezed number states of the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator. As physical applications, we connect this new model to two important and novelty problems: the relativistic parametric amplifier and the quantum simulation of a single trapped ion.

Study of light baryons in the three-quark-cluster model: Exact calculations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silvestre-Brac, B.; Gignoux, C.

1985-01-01

Within the nonrelativistic model, all the baryons built with three quarks of flavors, u, d, and s (N,Δ,Λ,Σ,Ψ,Ω) are studied with the Bhaduri-Cohler-Nogami potential. It is shown that the free-parameter simplest model is able to reproduce most of the experimental properties and allows the extraction of the rare effects which need a more elaborate model. The validity of the description in terms of a harmonic-oscillator basis is also tested

Solution of Schrodinger equation for Three Dimensional Harmonics Oscillator plus Rosen-Morse Non-central potential using NU Method and Romanovski Polynomials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cari, C; Suparmi, A

2013-01-01

The energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of Schrodinger equation for three dimensional harmonic oscillator potential plus Rosen-Morse non-central potential are investigated using NU method and Romanovski polynomial. The bound state energy eigenvalues are given in a closed form and corresponding radial wave functions are expressed in associated Laguerre polynomials while angular eigen functions are given in terms of Romanovski polynomials. The Rosen-Morse potential is considered to be a perturbation factor to the three dimensional harmonic oscillator potential that causes the increase of radial wave function amplitude and decrease of angular momentum length. Keywords: Schrodinger Equation, Three dimensional Harmonic Oscillator potential, Rosen-morse non-central potential, NU method, Romanovski Polynomials

The ρ - ω mass difference in a relativistic potential model with pion corrections

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Palladino, B.E.; Ferreira, P.L.

1988-01-01

The problem of the ρ - ω mass difference is studied in the framework of the relativistic, harmonic, S+V independent quark model implemented by center-of-mass, one-gluon exchange and plon-cloud corrections stemming from the requirement of chiral symmetry in the (u,d) SU(2) flavour sector of the model. The plonic self-energy corrections with different intermediate energy states are instrumental of the analysis of the problem, which requires and appropriate parametrization of the mesonic sector different from that previously used to calculate the mass spectrum of the S-wave baryons. The right ρ - ω mass splitting is found, together with a satisfactory value for the mass of the pion, calculated as a bound-state of a quark-antiquark pair. An analogous discussion based on the cloudy-bag model is also presented. (author) [pt

Coherent states for the time dependent harmonic oscillator: the step function

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moya-Cessa, Hector; Fernandez Guasti, Manuel

2003-01-01

We study the time evolution for the quantum harmonic oscillator subjected to a sudden change of frequency. It is based on an approximate analytic solution to the time dependent Ermakov equation for a step function. This approach allows for a continuous treatment that differs from former studies that involve the matching of two time independent solutions at the time when the step occurs

ABC of ladder operators for rationally extended quantum harmonic oscillator systems

Science.gov (United States)

Cariñena, José F.; Plyushchay, Mikhail S.

2017-07-01

The problem of construction of ladder operators for rationally extended quantum harmonic oscillator (REQHO) systems of a general form is investigated in the light of existence of different schemes of the Darboux-Crum-Krein-Adler transformations by which such systems can be generated from the quantum harmonic oscillator. Any REQHO system is characterized by the number of separated states in its spectrum, the number of ‘valence bands’ in which the separated states are organized, and by the total number of the missing energy levels and their position. All these peculiarities of a REQHO system are shown to be detected and reflected by a trinity (A^+/- , B^+/- , C^+/-) of the basic (primary) lowering and raising ladder operators related between themselves by certain algebraic identities with coefficients polynomially-dependent on the Hamiltonian. We show that all the secondary, higher-order ladder operators are obtainable by a composition of the basic ladder operators of the trinity which form the set of the spectrum-generating operators. Each trinity, in turn, can be constructed from the intertwining operators of the two complementary minimal schemes of the Darboux-Crum-Krein-Adler transformations.

Heavy quark production form jet conversions in a quark-gluon plasma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu , W.; Fries, R.

2008-05-22

Recently, it has been demonstrated that the chemical composition of jets in heavy ion collisions is significantly altered compared to the jets in the vacuum. This signal can be used to probe the medium formed in nuclear collisions. In this study we investigate the possibility that fast light quarks and gluons can convert to heavy quarks when passing through a quark-gluon plasma. We study the rate of light to heavy jet conversions in a consistent Fokker-Planck framework and investigate their impact on the production of high-p{sub T} charm and bottom quarks at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider.

Universal and Deterministic Manipulation of the Quantum State of Harmonic Oscillators: A Route to Unitary Gates for Fock State Qubits

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santos, Marcelo Franca

2005-01-01

We present a simple quantum circuit that allows for the universal and deterministic manipulation of the quantum state of confined harmonic oscillators. The scheme is based on the selective interactions of the referred oscillator with an auxiliary three-level system and a classical external driving source, and enables any unitary operations on Fock states, two by two. One circuit is equivalent to a single qubit unitary logical gate on Fock states qubits. Sequences of similar protocols allow for complete, deterministic, and state-independent manipulation of the harmonic oscillator quantum state

Relativistic configuration interaction treatment of generalized oscillator strength for krypton

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Huangchun; Qu Yizhi; Liu Chunhua

2007-01-01

A fully relativistic configuration interaction method is developed to investigate the transition energies and general oscillator strengths of the lower lying states of krypton, for both optically allowed and optically forbidden transitions. The calculated results are in agreement with the recent experimental measurements. The calculated transition energies for the 5s and 5s' transitions are 9.970 and 10.717 eV, which agree with the experimental data of 10.033 and 10.643 eV. The calculated oscillator strengths are 0.211 and 0.170, comparable with the experimental results 0.214(±0.012) and 0.194 (±0.012), respectively. The momentum transfer positions (K 2 in a.u.) of the minimum and maximum GOSs in the 4s 2 4p 6 →4s 2 4p 5 (5s + 5s') transitions are 1.105 and 2.225, comparable with the measurements results 1.24 and 2.97. (authors)

Relativistic Configuration Interaction Treatment of Generalized Oscillator Strength for Krypton

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

WANG Huang-Chun; QU Yi-Zhi; LIU Chun-Hua

2007-01-01

A fully relativistic configuration interaction method is developed to investigate the transition energies and general oscillator strengths of the lower lying states of krypton, for both optically allowed and optically forbidden transitions. The calculated results are in agreement with the recent experimental measurements. The calculated transition energies for the 5s and 5s' transitions are 9.970 and 10.717eV, which agree with the experimental data of 10.033 and 10.643 eV. The calculated oscillator strengths are 0.211 and 0.170, comparable with the experimental results 0.214(±0.012) and 0.194 (±0.012), respectively. The momentum transfer positions ( K2 in a.u.) of the minimum and maximum GOSs in the 4s24p6 → 4s24p5 (5s + 5s') transitions are 1.105 and 2.225, comparable with the measurements results 1.24 and 2.97 [Phys. Rev. A 67 (2003) 062708].

Free harmonic oscillators, Jack polynomials, and Calogero-Sutherland systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gurappa, N.; Panigrahi, Prasanta K.

2000-01-01

The algebraic structure and the relationships between the eigenspaces of the Calogero-Sutherland model (CSM) and the Sutherland model (SM) on a circle are investigated through the Cherednik operators. We find an exact connection between the simultaneous nonsymmetric eigenfunctions of the A N-1 Cherednik operators, from which the eigenfunctions of the CSM and SM are constructed, and the monomials. This construction allows us to simultaneously diagonalize both CSM and SM (after gauging away the Hamiltonians by suitable measures) and also enables us to write down a harmonic oscillator algebra involving the Cherednik operators, which yields the raising and lowering operators for both of these models. The connections of the CSM with free oscillators and the SM with free particles on a circle are established in a novel way. We also point out the subtle differences between the excitations of the CSM and the SM

Mass spectra and wave functions of meson systems and the covariant oscillator quark model as an expansion basis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oda, Ryuichi; Ishida, Shin; Wada, Hiroaki; Yamada, Kenji; Sekiguchi, Motoo

1999-01-01

We examine mass spectra and wave functions of the nn-bar, cc-bar and bb-bar meson systems within the framework of the covariant oscillator quark model with the boosted LS-coupling scheme. We solve nonperturbatively an eigenvalue problem for the squared-mass operator, which incorporates the four-dimensional color-Coulomb-type interaction, by taking a set of covariant oscillator wave functions as an expansion basis. We obtain mass spectra of these meson systems, which reproduce quite well their experimental behavior. The resultant manifestly covariant wave functions, which are applicable to analyses of various reaction phenomena, are given. Our results seem to suggest that the present model may be considered effectively as a covariant version of the nonrelativistic linear-plus-Coulomb potential quark model. (author)

A non-orthogonal harmonic-oscillator basis for three-body problems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Agrello, D.A.; Aguilera-Navarro, V.C.; Chacon, E.

1979-01-01

A set of harmonic-oscillator states suitable for the representation of the wave function of the bound states of a system of three identical particles, is presented. As an illustration of the possibilities of the states defined in this paper, they are applied in a variational determination of the lowest symmetric S state of 12 C, in the model of three structureless α particles interacting through the Coulomb force plus a phenomenological two-body force. (author) [pt

An analogue of the Berry phase for simple harmonic oscillators

Science.gov (United States)

Suslov, S. K.

2013-03-01

We evaluate a variant of Berry's phase for a ‘missing’ family of the square integrable wavefunctions for the linear harmonic oscillator, which cannot be derived by the separation of variables (in a natural way). Instead, it is obtained by the action of the maximal kinematical invariance group on the standard solutions. A simple closed formula for the phase (in terms of elementary functions) is found here by integration with the help of a computer algebra system.

Qualities of Wigner function and its applications to one-dimensional infinite potential and one-dimensional harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xu Hao; Shi Tianjun

2011-01-01

In this article,the qualities of Wigner function and the corresponding stationary perturbation theory are introduced and applied to one-dimensional infinite potential well and one-dimensional harmonic oscillator, and then the particular Wigner function of one-dimensional infinite potential well is specified and a special constriction effect in its pure state Wigner function is discovered, to which,simultaneously, a detailed and reasonable explanation is elaborated from the perspective of uncertainty principle. Ultimately, the amendment of Wigner function and energy of one-dimensional infinite potential well and one-dimensional harmonic oscillator under perturbation are calculated according to stationary phase space perturbation theory. (authors)

Heavy-to-light form factors for non-relativistic bound states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bell, G.; Feldmann, Th.

2007-01-01

We investigate transition form factors between non-relativistic QCD bound states at large recoil energy. Assuming the decaying quark to be much heavier than its decay product, the relativistic dynamics can be treated according to the factorization formula for heavy-to-light form factors obtained from the heavy-quark expansion in QCD. The non-relativistic expansion determines the bound-state wave functions to be Coulomb-like. As a consequence, one can explicitly calculate the so-called 'soft-overlap' contribution to the transition form factor

Eigenstates of the higher power of the annihilation operator of two-parameter deformed harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Jisuo; Sun Changyong; He Jinyu

1996-01-01

The eigenstates of the higher power of the annihilation operator a qs k (k≥3) of the two-parameter deformed harmonic oscillator are constructed. Their completeness is demonstrated in terms of the qs-integration

Isolated elliptically polarized attosecond soft X-ray with high-brilliance using polarization gating of harmonics from relativistic plasmas at oblique incidence.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Zi-Yu; Li, Xiao-Ya; Li, Bo-Yuan; Chen, Min; Liu, Feng

2018-02-19

The production of intense isolated attosecond pulse is a major goal in ultrafast research. Recent advances in high harmonic generation from relativistic plasma mirrors under oblique incidence interactions gave rise to photon-rich attosecond pulses with circular or elliptical polarization. However, to achieve an isolated elliptical attosecond pulse via polarization gating using currently available long driving pulses remains a challenge, because polarization gating of high harmonics from relativistic plasmas is assumed only possible at normal or near-normal incidence. Here we numerically demonstrate a scheme around this problem. We show that via control of plasma dynamics by managing laser polarization, it is possible to gate an intense single attosecond pulse with high ellipticity extending to the soft X-ray regime at oblique incidence. This approach thus paves the way towards a powerful tool enabling high-time-resolution probe of dynamics of chiral systems and magnetic materials with current laser technology.

Jordan-Schwinger map, 3D harmonic oscillator constants of motion, and classical and quantum parameters characterizing electromagnetic wave polarization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mota, R D; Xicotencatl, M A; Granados, V D

2004-01-01

In this work we introduce a generalization of the Jauch and Rohrlich quantum Stokes operators when the arrival direction from the source is unknown a priori. We define the generalized Stokes operators as the Jordan-Schwinger map of a triplet of harmonic oscillators with the Gell-Mann and Ne'eman matrices of the SU(3) symmetry group. We show that the elements of the Jordan-Schwinger map are the constants of motion of the three-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator. Also, we show that the generalized Stokes operators together with the Gell-Mann and Ne'eman matrices may be used to expand the polarization matrix. By taking the expectation value of the Stokes operators in a three-mode coherent state of the electromagnetic field, we obtain the corresponding generalized classical Stokes parameters. Finally, by means of the constants of motion of the classical 3D isotropic harmonic oscillator we describe the geometrical properties of the polarization ellipse

Jordan Schwinger map, 3D harmonic oscillator constants of motion, and classical and quantum parameters characterizing electromagnetic wave polarization

Science.gov (United States)

Mota, R. D.; Xicoténcatl, M. A.; Granados, V. D.

2004-02-01

In this work we introduce a generalization of the Jauch and Rohrlich quantum Stokes operators when the arrival direction from the source is unknown a priori. We define the generalized Stokes operators as the Jordan-Schwinger map of a triplet of harmonic oscillators with the Gell-Mann and Ne'eman matrices of the SU(3) symmetry group. We show that the elements of the Jordan-Schwinger map are the constants of motion of the three-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator. Also, we show that the generalized Stokes operators together with the Gell-Mann and Ne'eman matrices may be used to expand the polarization matrix. By taking the expectation value of the Stokes operators in a three-mode coherent state of the electromagnetic field, we obtain the corresponding generalized classical Stokes parameters. Finally, by means of the constants of motion of the classical 3D isotropic harmonic oscillator we describe the geometrical properties of the polarization ellipse.

Jordan-Schwinger map, 3D harmonic oscillator constants of motion, and classical and quantum parameters characterizing electromagnetic wave polarization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mota, R D [Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de IngenierIa y TecnologIas Avanzadas, IPN. Av. Instituto Politecnico Nacional 2580, Col. La Laguna Ticoman, 07340 Mexico DF (Mexico); Xicotencatl, M A [Departamento de Matematicas del Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico DF, 07000 (Mexico); Granados, V D [Escuela Superior de FIsica y Matematicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ed. 9, Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, 07738 Mexico DF (Mexico)

2004-02-20

In this work we introduce a generalization of the Jauch and Rohrlich quantum Stokes operators when the arrival direction from the source is unknown a priori. We define the generalized Stokes operators as the Jordan-Schwinger map of a triplet of harmonic oscillators with the Gell-Mann and Ne'eman matrices of the SU(3) symmetry group. We show that the elements of the Jordan-Schwinger map are the constants of motion of the three-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator. Also, we show that the generalized Stokes operators together with the Gell-Mann and Ne'eman matrices may be used to expand the polarization matrix. By taking the expectation value of the Stokes operators in a three-mode coherent state of the electromagnetic field, we obtain the corresponding generalized classical Stokes parameters. Finally, by means of the constants of motion of the classical 3D isotropic harmonic oscillator we describe the geometrical properties of the polarization ellipse.

A Generalized Time-Dependent Harmonic Oscillator at Finite Temperature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Majima, H.; Suzuki, A.

2006-01-01

We show how a generalized time-dependent harmonic oscillator (GTHO) is extended to a finite temperature case by using thermo field dynamics (TFD). We derive the general time-dependent annihilation and creation operators for the system, and obtain the time-dependent quasiparticle annihilation and creation operators for the GTHO by using the temperature-dependent Bogoliubov transformation of TFD. We also obtain the thermal state as a two-mode squeezed vacuum state in the time-dependent case as well as in the time-independent case. The general formula is derived to calculate the thermal expectation value of operators

Relativistic MHD simulations of stellar core collapse and magnetars

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Font, Jose A; Gabler, Michael [Departamento de AstronomIa y Astrofisica, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia) (Spain); Cerda-Duran, Pablo; Mueller, Ewald [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85741 Garching (Germany); Stergioulas, Nikolaos, E-mail: j.antonio.font@uv.es [Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124 (Greece)

2011-02-01

We present results from simulations of magneto-rotational stellar core collapse along with Alfven oscillations in magnetars. These simulations are performed with the CoCoA/CoCoNuT code, which is able to handle ideal MHD flows in dynamical spacetimes in general relativity. Our core collapse simulations highlight the importance of genuine magnetic effects, like the magneto-rotational instability, for the dynamics of the flow. For the modelling of magnetars we use the anelastic approximation to general relativistic MHD, which allows for an effective suppression of fluid modes and an accurate description of Alfven waves. We further compute Alfven oscillation frequencies along individual magnetic field lines with a semi-analytic approach. Our work confirms previous results based on perturbative approaches regarding the existence of two families of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs), with harmonics at integer multiples of the fundamental frequency. Additional material is presented in the accompanying contribution by Gabler et al (2010b) in these proceedings.

QED effects induced harmonics generation in extreme intense laser foil interaction

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, J. Y.; Yuan, T.; Liu, W. Y.; Chen, M.; Luo, W.; Weng, S. M.; Sheng, Z. M.

2018-04-01

A new mechanism of harmonics generation (HG) induced by quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects in extreme intense laser foil interaction is found and investigated by particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. When two laser pulses with identical intensities of 1.6× {10}24 {{W}} {{{cm}}}-2 are counter-incident on a thin foil target, harmonics emission is observed in their reflected electromagnetic waves. Such harmonics radiation is excited due to transversely oscillating electric currents coming from the vibration of QED effect generated {e}-{e}+ pairs. The effects of laser intensity and polarization were studied. By distinguishing the cascade depth of generated photons and pairs, the influence of QED cascades on HG was analyzed. Although the current HG is not an efficient way for radiation source applications, it may provide a unique way to detect the QED processes in the near future ultra-relativistic laser solid interactions.

Spin dependent spectroscopy of heavy quarkonium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gupta, Pramila; Mehrotra, I.

2011-01-01

In the present work mass spectroscopy of charmonium and bottonium systems has been studied using energy dependent quark interquark potential in the framework of non-relativistic Schroedinger wave equation. Energy dependence gives rise to nonlocality in the potential. These authors have used the interquark potential to be of the form of harmonic oscillator with a small linear energy dependent perturbation. Their main conclusion is that energy dependence can account for saturation of the energy levels at higher excitation energies, a feature that is observed experimentally

Four-quark bound states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zouzou, S.

1986-01-01

In the framework of simple non-relativistic potential models, we examine the system consisting of two quarks and two antiquarks with equal or unequal masses. We search for possible bound states below the threshold for the spontaneous dissociation into two mesons. We solve the four body problem by empirical or systematic variational methods and we include the virtual meson-meson components of the wave function. With standard two-body potentials, there is no proliferation of multiquarks. With unequal quark masses, we obtain however exotic (anti Qanti Qqq) bound states with a baryonic antidiquark-quark-quark structure very analogous to the heavy flavoured (Q'qq) baryons. (orig.)

Bateman's dual system revisited: quantization, geometric phase and relation with the ground-state energy of the linear harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blasone, Massimo; Jizba, Petr

2004-01-01

By using the Feynman-Hibbs prescription for the evolution amplitude, we quantize the system of a damped harmonic oscillator coupled to its time-reversed image, known as Bateman's dual system. The time-dependent quantum states of such a system are constructed and discussed entirely in the framework of the classical theory. The corresponding geometric (Pancharatnam) phase is calculated and found to be directly related to the ground-state energy of the 1D linear harmonic oscillator to which the 2D system reduces under appropriate constraint

Semileptonic decays of B and D mesons in the light-front formalism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jaus, W.

1990-01-01

The light-front formalism is used to present a relativistic calculation of form factors for semileptonic D and B decays in the constituent quark model. The quark-antiquark wave functions of the mesons can be obtained, in principle, from an analysis of the meson spectrum, but are approximated in this work by harmonic-oscillator wave functions. The predictions of the model are consistent with the experimental data for B decays. The Kobayashi-Maskawa (KM) matrix element |V cs | is determined by a comparison of the experimental and theoretical rates for D 0 →K - e + ν, and is consistent with a unitary KM matrix for three families. The predictions for D→K * transitions are in conflict with the data

About the functions of the Wigner distribution for the q-deformed harmonic oscillator model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Atakishiev, N.M.; Nagiev, S.M.; Djafarov, E.I.; Imanov, R.M.

2005-01-01

Full text : A q-deformed model of the linear harmonic oscillator in the Wigner phase-space is studied. It was derived an explicit expression for the Wigner probability distribution function, as well as the Wigner distribution function of a thermodynamic equilibrium for this model

Charmonia enhancement in quark-gluon plasma with improved description of c-quarks phase distribution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gossiaux, Pol Bernard; Guiho, Vincent; Aichelin, Joerg

2005-01-01

We present a dynamical model of heavy quark evolution in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) based on the Fokker-Planck equation. We then apply this model to the case of central ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions performed at RHIC and estimate the component of J/ψ production (integrated and differential) stemming from c-c-bar pairs that are initially uncorrelated

Harmonic uniflow engine

Science.gov (United States)

Bennett, Charles L.

2016-03-22

A reciprocating-piston uniflow engine includes a harmonic oscillator inlet valve capable of oscillating at a resonant frequency for controlling the flow of working fluid into the engine. In particular, the inlet valve includes an inlet valve head and a spring arranged together as a harmonic oscillator so that the inlet valve head is moveable from an unbiased equilibrium position to a biased closed position occluding an inlet. When released, the inlet valve head undergoes a single oscillation past the equilibrium position to a maximum open position and returns to a biased return position close to the closed position to choke the flow and produce a pressure drop across the inlet valve causing the inlet valve to close. In other embodiments, the harmonic oscillator arrangement of the inlet valve enables the uniflow engine to be reversibly operated as a uniflow compressor.

Elementary derivation of the quantum propagator for the harmonic oscillator

Science.gov (United States)

Shao, Jiushu

2016-10-01

Operator algebra techniques are employed to derive the quantum evolution operator for the harmonic oscillator. The derivation begins with the construction of the annihilation and creation operators and the determination of the wave function for the coherent state as well as its time-dependent evolution, and ends with the transformation of the propagator in a mixed position-coherent-state representation to the desired one in configuration space. Throughout the entire procedure, besides elementary operator manipulations, it is only necessary to solve linear differential equations and to calculate Gaussian integrals.

Spontaneous decoherence of coupled harmonic oscillators confined in a ring

Science.gov (United States)

Gong, ZhiRui; Zhang, ZhenWei; Xu, DaZhi; Zhao, Nan; Sun, ChangPu

2018-04-01

We study the spontaneous decoherence of coupled harmonic oscillators confined in a ring container, where the nearest-neighbor harmonic potentials are taken into consideration. Without any external symmetry-breaking field or surrounding environment, the quantum superposition state prepared in the relative degrees of freedom gradually loses its quantum coherence spontaneously. This spontaneous decoherence is interpreted by the gauge couplings between the center-of-mass and the relative degrees of freedoms, which actually originate from the symmetries of the ring geometry and the corresponding nontrivial boundary conditions. In particular, such spontaneous decoherence does not occur at all at the thermodynamic limit because the nontrivial boundary conditions become the trivial Born-von Karman boundary conditions when the perimeter of the ring container tends to infinity. Our investigation shows that a thermal macroscopic object with certain symmetries has a chance for its quantum properties to degrade even without applying an external symmetry-breaking field or surrounding environment.

The study of entanglement and teleportation of the harmonic oscillator bipartite coherent states

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A Rabeie and

2015-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper, we reproduce the harmonic oscillator bipartite coherent states with imperfect cloning of coherent states. We show that if these entangled coherent states are embedded in a vacuum environment, their entanglement is degraded but not totally lost . Also, the optimal fidelity of these states is worked out for investigating their teleportation

Quark-gluon plasma (Selected Topics)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zakharov, V. I.

2012-01-01

Introductory lectures to the theory of (strongly interacting) quark-gluon plasma given at the Winter School of Physics of ITEP (Moscow, February 2010). We emphasize theoretical issues highlighted by the discovery of the low viscosity of the plasma. The topics include relativistic hydrodynamics, manifestations of chiral anomaly in hydrodynamics, superfluidity, relativistic superfluid hydrodynamics, effective stringy scalars, holographic models of Yang-Mills theories.

Red Shift and Broadening of Backward Harmonic Radiation from Electron Oscillations Driven by Femtosecond Laser Pulse

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tian Youwei; Yu Wei; Lu Peixiang; Senecha, Vinod K; Han, Xu; Deng Degang; Li Ruxin; Xu Zhizhan

2006-01-01

The characteristics of backward harmonic radiation due to electron oscillations driven by a linearly polarized fs laser pulse are analysed considering a single electron model. The spectral distributions of the electron's backward harmonic radiation are investigated in detail for different parameters of the driver laser pulse. Higher order harmonic radiations are possible for a sufficiently intense driving laser pulse. We have shown that for a realistic pulsed photon beam, the spectrum of the radiation is red shifted as well as broadened because of changes in the longitudinal velocity of the electrons during the laser pulse. These effects are more pronounced at higher laser intensities giving rise to higher order harmonics that eventually leads to a continuous spectrum. Numerical simulations have further shown that by increasing the laser pulse width the broadening of the high harmonic radiations can be controlled

On the connection between the hydrogen atom and the harmonic oscillator: the zero-energy case

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kibler, M.; Negali, T.

1983-09-01

The connection between the three-dimensional hydrogen atom and a four-dimensional harmonic oscillator obtained in previous works, from an hybridization of the infinitesimal Pauli approach to the hydrogen system with the Schwinger approach to spherical and hyperbolical angular momenta, is worked out in the case of the zero-energy point of the hydrogen atom. This leads to the equivalence of the three-dimensional hydrogen problem with a four-dimensional free-particle problem involving a constraint condition. For completeness, the latter results is also derived by using the Kustaanheimo-Stiefel transformation introduced in celestial mechanics. Finally, it is shown how the Lie algebra of SO(4,2) quite naturally arises for the whole spectrum (discrete + continuum + zero-energy point) of the three-dimensional hydrogen atom from the introduction of the constraint condition into the Lie algebra of Sp(8,R) associated to the four-dimensional harmonic oscillator

Relativistic description of pair production of doubly heavy baryons in e+e− annihilation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martynenko, A. P.; Trunin, A. M.

2015-01-01

Relativistic corrections in the pair production of S-wave doubly heavy diquarks in electron-positron annihilation were calculated on the basis of perturbative QCD and the quark model. The relativistic corrections to the wave functions for quark bound states were taken into account with the aid of the Breit potential in QCD. Relativistic effects change substantially the nonrelativistic cross sections for pair diquark production. The yield of pairs of (ccq) doubly heavy baryons at B factories was estimated

Relativistic heavy ion reactions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brink, D M

1989-08-01

The theory of quantum chromodynamics predicts that if nuclear matter is heated to a sufficiently high temperature then quarks might become deconfined and a quark-gluon plasma could be produced. One of the aims of relativistic heavy ion experiments is to search for this new state of matter. These lectures survey some of the new experimental results and give an introduction to the theories used to interpret them. 48 refs., 4 tabs., 11 figs.

Relativistic heavy ion reactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brink, D.M.

1989-08-01

The theory of quantum chromodynamics predicts that if nuclear matter is heated to a sufficiently high temperature then quarks might become deconfined and a quark-gluon plasma could be produced. One of the aims of relativistic heavy ion experiments is to search for this new state of matter. These lectures survey some of the new experimental results and give an introduction to the theories used to interpret them. 48 refs., 4 tabs., 11 figs

Symmetries of cyclic work distributions for an isolated harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ford, Ian J; Minor, David S; Binnie, Simon J

2012-01-01

We have calculated the distribution of work W done on a 1D harmonic oscillator that is initially in canonical equilibrium at temperature T, then thermally isolated and driven by an arbitrary time-dependent cyclic spring constant κ(t), and demonstrated that it satisfies P(W) = exp (βW)P( − W), where β = 1/k B T, in both classical and quantum dynamics. This differs from the celebrated Crooks relation of nonequilibrium thermodynamics, since the latter relates distributions for forward and backward protocols of driving. We show that it is a special case of a symmetry that holds for non-cyclic work processes on the isolated oscillator, and that consideration of time reversal invariance shows it to be consistent with the Crooks relation. We have verified that the symmetry holds in both classical and quantum treatments of the dynamics, but that inherent uncertainty in the latter case leads to greater fluctuations in work performed for a given process. (paper)

Effects of causality on the fluidity and viscous horizon of quark-gluon plasma

Science.gov (United States)

Rahaman, Mahfuzur; Alam, Jan-e.

2018-05-01

The second-order Israel-Stewart-M u ̈ller relativistic hydrodynamics was applied to study the effects of causality on the acoustic oscillation in relativistic fluid. Causal dispersion relations have been derived with nonvanishing shear viscosity, bulk viscosity, and thermal conductivity at nonzero temperature and baryonic chemical potential. These relations have been used to investigate the fluidity of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) at finite temperature (T ). Results of the first-order dissipative hydrodynamics have been obtained as a limiting case of the second-order theory. The effects of the causality on the fluidity near the transition point and on the viscous horizon are found to be significant. We observe that the inclusion of causality increases the value of fluidity measure of QGP near Tc and hence makes the flow strenuous. It was also shown that the inclusion of the large magnetic field in the causal hydrodynamics alters the fluidity of QGP.

Semiclassical analysis of long-wavelength multiphoton processes: The periodically driven harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fox, Ronald F.; Vela-Arevalo, Luz V.

2002-01-01

The problem of multiphoton processes for intense, long-wavelength irradiation of atomic and molecular electrons is presented. The recently developed method of quasiadiabatic time evolution is used to obtain a nonperturbative analysis. When applied to the standard vector potential coupling, an exact auxiliary equation is obtained that is in the electric dipole coupling form. This is achieved through application of the Goeppert-Mayer gauge. While the analysis to this point is general and aimed at microwave irradiation of Rydberg atoms, a Floquet analysis of the auxiliary equation is presented for the special case of the periodically driven harmonic oscillator. Closed form expressions for a complete set of Floquet states are obtained. These are used to demonstrate that for the oscillator case there are no multiphoton resonances

Kraus representation of a damped harmonic oscillator and its application

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Yuxi; Oezdemir, Sahin K.; Miranowicz, Adam; Imoto, Nobuyuki

2004-01-01

By definition, the Kraus representation of a harmonic oscillator suffering from the environment effect, modeled as the amplitude damping or the phase damping, is directly given by a simple operator algebra solution. As examples and applications, we first give a Kraus representation of a single qubit whose computational basis states are defined as bosonic vacuum and single particle number states. We further discuss the environment effect on qubits whose computational basis states are defined as the bosonic odd and even coherent states. The environment effects on entangled qubits defined by two different kinds of computational basis are compared with the use of fidelity

Theoretical investigations in nonlinear quantum optics, theory of measurement, and pulsations of general relativistic models of neutron stars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schumaker, B.L.

1985-01-01

This thesis is a collection of six papers. The first four constitute the heart of the thesis; they are concerned with quantum-mechanical properties of certain harmonic-oscillator states. The first paper is a discourse on single-mode and two-mode Gaussian pure states (GPS), states produced when harmonic oscillators in their ground states are exposed to potentials that are linear or quadratic in oscillator position and momentum variables (creation and annihilation operators). The second and third papers develop a formalism for analyzing two photon devices (e.g., parametric amplifiers and phase-conjugate mirrors), in which photons in the output modes arise from two-proton transitions, i.e., are created or destroyed two at a time. The fourth paper is an analysis of the noise in homodyne detection, a phase-sensitive detection scheme in which the special properties of (single-mode) squeezed states are revealed. The fifth paper considers the validity of the standard quantum limit (SQL) for measurements that monitor the position of a free mass. The sixth paper develops the mathematical theory of torsional (toroidal) oscillations in fully general relativistic, nonrotating, spherical stellar models and of the gravitational waves they emit

Quantization with maximally degenerate Poisson brackets: the harmonic oscillator!

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nutku, Yavuz

2003-01-01

Nambu's construction of multi-linear brackets for super-integrable systems can be thought of as degenerate Poisson brackets with a maximal set of Casimirs in their kernel. By introducing privileged coordinates in phase space these degenerate Poisson brackets are brought to the form of Heisenberg's equations. We propose a definition for constructing quantum operators for classical functions, which enables us to turn the maximally degenerate Poisson brackets into operators. They pose a set of eigenvalue problems for a new state vector. The requirement of the single-valuedness of this eigenfunction leads to quantization. The example of the harmonic oscillator is used to illustrate this general procedure for quantizing a class of maximally super-integrable systems

Neutron removal in peripheral relativistic heavy ion collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aumann, T.

1994-09-01

We investigate the relativistic Coulomb fragmentation of 197 Au by heavy ions, leading to one-, two- and three-neutron removal. To resolve the ambiguity connected with the choice of a specific minimum impact parameter in a semiclassical calculation, a microscopic approach is developed based on nucleon-nucleon collisions ('soft-spheres' model). This approach is compared with experimental data for 197 Au at 1 GeV/nucleon and with a calculation using the 'sharp-cutoff' approximation. We find that the harmonic-oscillator model predicting a Poisson distribution of the excitation probabilities of multiphonon states gives a good agreement with one-neutron removal cross sections but is unable to reach an equally good agreement with three-neutron removal cross sections. (orig.)

Nonstandard conserved Hamiltonian structures in dissipative/damped systems: Nonlinear generalizations of damped harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pradeep, R. Gladwin; Chandrasekar, V. K.; Senthilvelan, M.; Lakshmanan, M.

2009-01-01

In this paper we point out the existence of a remarkable nonlocal transformation between the damped harmonic oscillator and a modified Emden-type nonlinear oscillator equation with linear forcing, xe+αxx+βx 3 +γx=0, which preserves the form of the time independent integral, conservative Hamiltonian, and the equation of motion. Generalizing this transformation we prove the existence of nonstandard conservative Hamiltonian structure for a general class of damped nonlinear oscillators including Lienard-type systems. Further, using the above Hamiltonian structure for a specific example, namely, the generalized modified Emden equation xe+αx q x+βx 2q+1 =0, where α, β, and q are arbitrary parameters, the general solution is obtained through appropriate canonical transformations. We also present the conservative Hamiltonian structure of the damped Mathews-Lakshmanan oscillator equation. The associated Lagrangian description for all the above systems is also briefly discussed.

Land-cover separability analysis of MODIS time-series data using a combined simple harmonic oscillator and a mean reverting stochastic process

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Grobler, TL

2012-06-01

Full Text Available . The Fourier transform and maximum-likelihood parameter estimation are used to estimate the harmonic and noise parameters of the colored simple harmonic oscillator. Two case studies in South Africa show that reliable class differentiation can be obtained...

Symmetries of the quantum damped harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guerrero, J; López-Ruiz, F F; Aldaya, V; Cossío, F

2012-01-01

For the non-conservative Caldirola–Kanai system, describing a quantum damped harmonic oscillator, a couple of constant-of-motion operators generating the Heisenberg–Weyl algebra can be found. The inclusion of the standard time evolution generator (which is not a symmetry) as a symmetry in this algebra, in a unitary manner, requires a non-trivial extension of this basic algebra and hence of the physical system itself. Surprisingly, this extension leads directly to the so-called Bateman dual system, which now includes a new particle acting as an energy reservoir. In addition, the Caldirola–Kanai dissipative system can be retrieved by imposing constraints. The algebra of symmetries of the dual system is presented, as well as a quantization that implies, in particular, a first-order Schrödinger equation. As opposed to other approaches, where it is claimed that the spectrum of the Bateman Hamiltonian is complex and discrete, we obtain that it is real and continuous, with infinite degeneracy in all regimes. (paper)

Laser Requirements for High-Order Harmonic Generation by Relativistic Plasma Singularities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexander S. Pirozhkov

2018-03-01

Full Text Available We discuss requirements on relativistic-irradiance (I0 > 1018 W/cm2 high-power (multi-terawatt ultrashort (femtosecond lasers for efficient generation of high-order harmonics in gas jet targets in a new regime discovered recently (Pirozhkov et al., 2012. Here, we present the results of several experimental campaigns performed with different irradiances, analyse the obtained results and derive the required laser parameters. In particular, we found that the root mean square (RMS wavefront error should be smaller than ~100 nm (~λ/8. Further, the angular dispersion should be kept considerably smaller than the diffraction divergence, i.e., μrad level for 100–300-mm beam diameters. The corresponding angular chirp should not exceed 10−2 μrad/nm for a 40-nm bandwidth. We show the status of the J-KAREN-P laser (Kiriyama et al., 2015; Pirozhkov et al., 2017 and report on the progress towards satisfying these requirements.

Generation of intense high-order vortex harmonics.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Xiaomei; Shen, Baifei; Shi, Yin; Wang, Xiaofeng; Zhang, Lingang; Wang, Wenpeng; Xu, Jiancai; Yi, Longqiong; Xu, Zhizhan

2015-05-01

This Letter presents for the first time a scheme to generate intense high-order optical vortices that carry orbital angular momentum in the extreme ultraviolet region based on relativistic harmonics from the surface of a solid target. In the three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation, the high-order harmonics of the high-order vortex mode is generated in both reflected and transmitted light beams when a linearly polarized Laguerre-Gaussian laser pulse impinges on a solid foil. The azimuthal mode of the harmonics scales with its order. The intensity of the high-order vortex harmonics is close to the relativistic region, with the pulse duration down to attosecond scale. The obtained intense vortex beam possesses the combined properties of fine transversal structure due to the high-order mode and the fine longitudinal structure due to the short wavelength of the high-order harmonics. In addition to the application in high-resolution detection in both spatial and temporal scales, it also presents new opportunities in the intense vortex required fields, such as the inner shell ionization process and high energy twisted photons generation by Thomson scattering of such an intense vortex beam off relativistic electrons.

Edge harmonic oscillations at the density pedestal in the H-mode discharges in CHS Heliotron measured using beam emission spectroscopy and magnetic probe

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kado, S. [High Temperature Plasma Center, University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8568 (Japan)]. E-mail: kado@q.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp; Oishi, T. [School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan); Yoshinuma, M. [National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292 (Japan); Ida, K. [National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292 (Japan); Takeuchi, M. [Department of Energy Engineering and Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603 (Japan); Toi, K. [National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292 (Japan); Akiyama, T. [National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292 (Japan); Minami, T. [National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292 (Japan); Nagaoka, K. [National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292 (Japan); Shimizu, A. [National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292 (Japan); Okamura, S. [National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292 (Japan); Tanaka, S. [School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan)

2007-06-15

Edge harmonic oscillations (EHO) offer the potential to relax the H-mode pedestal in a tokamak, thus avoiding edge localised modes (ELM). The mode structure of the EHO in CHS was investigated using a poloidal array of beam emission spectroscopy (BES) and a magnetic probe array. The EHO exhibited a peculiar characteristic in which the first, second and third harmonics show the same wavenumber, suggesting that the propagation velocities are different. Change in the phase of higher harmonics at the time when that of the first harmonic is zero can be described as a variation along the (m, n) = (-2, 1) mode structure, though the EHO lies on the {iota} = 1 surface. This behavior leads to an oscillation that exhibits periodic dependence of shape on spatial position.

Quark Matter 2017: Young Scientist Support

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Evdokimov, Olga [University of Illinois at Chicago

2017-07-31

Quark Matter conference series are amongst the major scientific events for the Relativistic Heavy Ion community. With over 30 year long history, the meetings are held about every 1½ years to showcase the progress made in theoretical and experimental studies of nuclear matter under extreme conditions. The 26th International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2017) was held at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in downtown Chicago from Sunday, February 5th through Saturday, February 11th, 2017. The conference featured about 180 plenary and parallel presentations of the most significant recent results in the field, a poster session for additional presentations, and an evening public lecture. Following the tradition of previous Quark Matter meetings, the first day of the conference was dedicated entirely to a special program for young scientists (graduate students and postdoctoral researchers). This grant will provided financial support for 235 young physicists facilitating their attendance of the conference.

The anisosphere as a new tool for interpreting Foucault pendulum experiments. Part I: harmonic oscillators

Science.gov (United States)

Verreault, René

2017-08-01

In an attempt to explain the tendency of Foucault pendula to develop elliptical orbits, Kamerlingh Onnes derived equations of motion that suggest the use of great circles on a spherical surface as a graphical illustration for an anisotropic bi-dimensional harmonic oscillator, although he did not himself exploit the idea any further. The concept of anisosphere is introduced in this work as a new means of interpreting pendulum motion. It can be generalized to the case of any two-dimensional (2-D) oscillating system, linear or nonlinear, including the case where coupling between the 2 degrees of freedom is present. Earlier pendulum experiments in the literature are revisited and reanalyzed as a test for the anisosphere approach. While that graphical method can be applied to strongly nonlinear cases with great simplicity, this part I is illustrated through a revisit of Kamerlingh Onnes' dissertation, where a high performance pendulum skillfully emulates a 2-D harmonic oscillator. Anisotropy due to damping is also described. A novel experiment strategy based on the anisosphere approach is proposed. Finally, recent original results with a long pendulum using an electronic recording alidade are presented. A gain in precision over traditional methods by 2-3 orders of magnitude is achieved.

Testing the constituent quark model in KN scattering

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lemaire, S. E-mail: lemaire@cenbg.in2p3.fr; Labarsouque, J.; Silvestre-Brac, B

2003-02-10

The kaon-nucleon S, P, D, F, G waves phase shifts have been calculated using a non-relativistic quark potential model and the resonating group method (RGM). The calculation has been performed using quark-quark potential which both includes gluon, pion and sigma exchanges and reproduces as well as possible the meson spectrum. The agreement obtained with the existing experimental phase shifts is quite poor. The results are also compared with a previous calculation based only on gluon exchanges at the quark level.

Testing the constituent quark model in KN scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lemaire, S.; Labarsouque, J.; Silvestre-Brac, B.

2003-01-01

The kaon-nucleon S, P, D, F, G waves phase shifts have been calculated using a non-relativistic quark potential model and the resonating group method (RGM). The calculation has been performed using quark-quark potential which both includes gluon, pion and sigma exchanges and reproduces as well as possible the meson spectrum. The agreement obtained with the existing experimental phase shifts is quite poor. The results are also compared with a previous calculation based only on gluon exchanges at the quark level

Lab cooks up quark soup

CERN Multimedia

Dumé, Belle

2003-01-01

"Physicists working at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in the US say that they have come closer than ever before to creating a quark-gluon plasma" (0.5 page)

Is there a lower bound energy in the harmonic oscillator interacting with a heat bath?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arevalo Aguilar, L.M.; Almeida, N.G. de; Villas-Boas, C.J.

2003-01-01

In this Letter we investigate the lower bound energy of the usual Hamiltonian employed in Quantum Optics to model the interaction between a harmonic oscillator and a reservoir without the rotating wave approximation. We show that this model has serious inconsistencies and then we discuss the origin of these inconsistencies

Towards the dynamical study of heavy-flavor quarks in the Quark-Gluon-Plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Berrehrah, H; Bratkovskaya, E; Cassing, W; Gossiaux, P B; Aichelin, J

2014-01-01

Within the aim of a dynamical study of on- and off-shell heavy quarks Q in the quark gluon plasma (QGP) – as produced in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions – we study the heavy quark collisional scattering on partons of the QGP. The elastic cross sections σ q,g−Q are evaluated for perturbative partons (massless on-shell particles) and for dynamical quasi-particles (massive off-shell particles as described by the dynamical quasi-particles model D QPM ) using the leading order Born diagrams. We demonstrate that the finite width of the quasi-particles in the DQPM has little influence on the cross sections σ q,g−Q except close to thresholds. We, furthermore, calculate the heavy quark relaxation time as a function of temperature T within the different approaches using these cross sections

Notes on nonlocal projective measurements in relativistic systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lin, Shih-Yuin

2014-01-01

In quantum mechanical bipartite systems, naive extensions of von Neumann’s projective measurement to nonlocal variables can produce superluminal signals and thus violate causality. We analyze the projective quantum nondemolition state-verification in a two-spin system and see how the projection introduces nonlocality without entanglement. For the ideal measurements of “R-nonlocal” variables, we argue that causality violation can be resolved by introducing further restrictions on the post-measurement states, which makes the measurement “Q-nonlocal”. After we generalize these ideas to quantum mechanical harmonic oscillators, we look into the projective measurements of the particle number of a single mode or a wave-packet of a relativistic quantum field in Minkowski space. It turns out that the causality-violating terms in the expectation values of the local operators, generated either by the ideal measurement of the “R-nonlocal” variable or the quantum nondemolition verification of a Fock state, are all suppressed by the IR and UV cutoffs of the theory. Thus relativistic quantum field theories with such projective measurements are effectively causal

Spatial growth of fundamental solutions for certain perturbations of the harmonic oscillator

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Arne; Yajima, Kenji

We consider the fundamental solution for the Cauchy problem for perturbations of the harmonic oscillator by time dependent potentials, which grow at spatial infinity slower than quadratic, but faster than linear functions, and whose Hessian matrices have a fixed sign. We prove that the fundamental...... solution at resonant times grows indefinitely at spatial infinity with the algebraic growth rate, which increases indefinitely, when the growth rate of perturbations at infinity decrease from the near quadratic to the near linear ones....

Spatial growth of fundamental solutions for certain perturbations of the harmonic oscillator

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Arne; Yajima, Kenji

2010-01-01

We consider the fundamental solution for the Cauchy problem for perturbations of the harmonic oscillator by time dependent potentials which grow at spatial infinity slower than quadratic but faster than linear functions and whose Hessian matrices have a fixed sign. We prove that the fundamental...... solution at resonant times grows indefinitely at spatial infinity with an algebraic growth rate, which increases indefinitely when the growth rate of perturbations at infinity decreases from the near quadratic to the near linear ones....

Application of a modified rational harmonic balance method for a class of strongly nonlinear oscillators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belendez, A.; Gimeno, E.; Alvarez, M.L.; Mendez, D.I.; Hernandez, A.

2008-01-01

An analytical approximate technique for conservative nonlinear oscillators is proposed. This method is a modification of the rational harmonic balance method in which analytical approximate solutions have rational form. This approach gives us the frequency of the motion as a function of the amplitude of oscillation. We find that this method works very well for the whole range of parameters, and excellent agreement of the approximate frequencies with the exact one has been demonstrated and discussed. The most significant features of this method are its simplicity and its excellent accuracy for the whole range of oscillation amplitude values and the results reveal that this technique is very effective and convenient for solving conservative truly nonlinear oscillatory systems with complex nonlinearities

Density Profiles, Energy, and Oscillation Strength of a Quantum Dot in Two Dimensions with a Harmonic Oscillator External Potential using an Orbital-free Energy Functional Based on Thomas–Fermi Theory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suhufa Alfarisa

2016-03-01

Full Text Available This research aims i to determine the density profile and calculate the ground state energy of a quantum dot in two dimensions (2D with a harmonic oscillator potential using orbital-free density functional theory, and ii to understand the effect of the harmonic oscillator potential strength on the electron density profiles in the quantum dot. This study determines the total energy functional of the quantum dot that is a functional of the density that depends only on spatial variables. The total energy functional consists of three terms. The first term is the kinetic energy functional, which is the Thomas–Fermi approximation in this case. The second term is the external potential. The harmonic oscillator potential is used in this study. The last term is the electron–electron interactions described by the Coulomb interaction. The functional is formally solved to obtain the electron density as a function of spatial variables. This equation cannot be solved analytically, and thus a numerical method is used to determine the profile of the electron density. Using the electron density profiles, the ground state energy of the quantum dot in 2D can be calculated. The ground state energies obtained are 2.464, 22.26, 90.1957, 252.437, and 496.658 au for 2, 6, 12, 20, and 56 electrons, respectively. The highest electron density is localized close to the middle of the quantum dot. The density profiles decrease with the increasing distance, and the lowest density is at the edge of the quantum dot. Generally, increasing the harmonic oscillator potential strength reduces the density profiles around the center of the quantum dot.

Baryon axial-vector couplings and SU(3)-symmetry breaking in chiral quark models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horvat, D.; Ilakovac, A.; Tadic, D.

1986-01-01

SU(3)-symmetry breaking is studied in the framework of the chiral bag models. Comparisons are also made with the MIT bag model and the harmonic-oscillator quark model. An important clue for the nature of the symmetry breaking comes from the isoscalar axial-vector coupling constant g/sub A//sup S/ which can be indirectly estimated from the Bjorken sum rules for deep-inelastic scattering. The chiral bag model with two radii reasonably well accounts for the empirical values of g/sub A//sup S/ and of the axial-vector coupling constants measured in hyperon semileptonic decays

Nuclear matter descriptions including quark structure of the hadrons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huguet, R.

2008-07-01

It is nowadays well established that nucleons are composite objects made of quarks and gluons, whose interactions are described by Quantum chromodynamics (QCD). However, because of the non-perturbative character of QCD at the energies of nuclear physics, a description of atomic nuclei starting from quarks and gluons is still not available. A possible alternative is to construct effective field theories based on hadronic degrees of freedom, in which the interaction is constrained by QCD. In this framework, we have constructed descriptions of infinite nuclear matter in relativistic mean field theories taking into account the quark structure of hadrons. In a first approach, the in medium modifications of mesons properties is dynamically obtained in a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) quark model. This modification is taken into account in a relativistic mean field theory based on a meson exchange interaction between nucleons. The in-medium modification of mesons masses and the properties of infinite nuclear matter have been studied. In a second approach, the long and short range contributions to the in-medium modification of the nucleon are determined. The short range part is obtained in a NJL quark model of the nucleon. The long range part, related to pions exchanges between nucleons, has been determined in the framework of Chiral Perturbation theory. These modifications have been used to constrain the couplings of a point coupling relativistic mean field model. A realistic description of the saturation properties of nuclear matter is obtained. (author)

Exact solution of the time-dependent harmonic plus an inverse harmonic potential with a time-dependent electromagnetic field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yuece, Cem

2003-01-01

In this paper, the problem of the charged harmonic plus an inverse harmonic oscillator with time-dependent mass and frequency in a time-dependent electromagnetic field is investigated. It is reduced to the problem of the inverse harmonic oscillator with time-independent parameters and the exact wave function is obtained

Coupled harmonic oscillators and their quantum entanglement

Science.gov (United States)

Makarov, Dmitry N.

2018-04-01

A system of two coupled quantum harmonic oscillators with the Hamiltonian H ̂=1/2 (1/m1p̂1 2+1/m2p̂2 2+A x12+B x22+C x1x2) can be found in many applications of quantum and nonlinear physics, molecular chemistry, and biophysics. The stationary wave function of such a system is known, but its use for the analysis of quantum entanglement is complicated because of the complexity of computing the Schmidt modes. Moreover, there is no exact analytical solution to the nonstationary Schrodinger equation H ̂Ψ =i ℏ ∂/Ψ ∂ t and Schmidt modes for such a dynamic system. In this paper we find a solution to the nonstationary Schrodinger equation; we also find in an analytical form a solution to the Schmidt mode for both stationary and dynamic problems. On the basis of the Schmidt modes, the quantum entanglement of the system under consideration is analyzed. It is shown that for certain parameters of the system, quantum entanglement can be very large.

Quantization of a free particle interacting linearly with a harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mainiero, Thomas; Porter, Mason A.

2007-01-01

We investigate the quantization of a free particle coupled linearly to a harmonic oscillator. This system, whose classical counterpart has clearly separated regular and chaotic regions, provides an ideal framework for studying the quantization of mixed systems. We identify key signatures of the classically chaotic and regular portions in the quantum system by constructing Husimi distributions and investigating avoided level crossings of eigenvalues as functions of the strength and range of the interaction between the system's two components. We show, in particular, that the Husimi structure becomes mixed and delocalized as the classical dynamics becomes more chaotic

Molecular Solid EOS based on Quasi-Harmonic Oscillator approximation for phonons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Menikoff, Ralph [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

2014-09-02

A complete equation of state (EOS) for a molecular solid is derived utilizing a Helmholtz free energy. Assuming that the solid is nonconducting, phonon excitations dominate the specific heat. Phonons are approximated as independent quasi-harmonic oscillators with vibrational frequencies depending on the specific volume. The model is suitable for calibrating an EOS based on isothermal compression data and infrared/Raman spectroscopy data from high pressure measurements utilizing a diamond anvil cell. In contrast to a Mie-Gruneisen EOS developed for an atomic solid, the specific heat and Gruneisen coefficient depend on both density and temperature.

Experimental demonstration of a Ku-band radial-line relativistic klystron oscillator based on transition radiation

Science.gov (United States)

Dang, Fangchao; Zhang, Xiaoping; Zhang, Jun; Ju, Jinchuan; Zhong, Huihuang

2017-03-01

We report on a radial-line relativistic klystron oscillator (RL-RKO), which is physically designed to generate gigawatt-level high power microwaves (HPMs) at Ku-band. The 3π/4 mode of a four-gap buncher is selected to highly modulate the radially propagating intense relativistic electron beam (IREB). A three-gap extractor operating at the π mode is employed to extract the radio-frequency energy efficiently. The Ku-band RL-RKO is investigated experimentally on an intense-current electron beam accelerator. The radially propagating IREB is well focused with an axial-width of 2 mm by a radial magnetic field of 0.4 T. Microwaves with a frequency of 14.86 GHz and a power of 1.5 GW are generated, corresponding to an efficiency of 24%, which indicates a significant advance for the research of radial-line HPM sources.

Summary of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Sessions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harris, J.W.

1988-07-01

This paper briefly discusses the topics covered in the relativistic heavy ion in sessions. The prime motivation for these investigations is the possibility of forming quark matter, therefore the formation of a quark-gluon plasma. Topics on suppression of J//psi/ production, th equation of state of nuclear matter, transverse energy distributions and two pion interferometry techniques are discussed. 38 refs

Refined Weyl Law for Homogeneous Perturbations of the Harmonic Oscillator

Science.gov (United States)

Doll, Moritz; Gannot, Oran; Wunsch, Jared

2018-02-01

Let H denote the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian on R}^d,} perturbed by an isotropic pseudodifferential operator of order 1. We consider the Schrödinger propagator {U(t)=e^{-itH},} and find that while sing-supp Tr U(t) \\subset 2 π Z as in the unperturbed case, there exists a large class of perturbations in dimensions {d ≥ 2 for which the singularities of {Tr U(t)} at nonzero multiples of {2 π} are weaker than the singularity at t = 0. The remainder term in the Weyl law is of order {o(λ^{d-1})} , improving in these cases the {o(λ^{d-1})} remainder previously established by Helffer-Robert.

Shapes of nuclear configurations in a cranked harmonic oscillator model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Troudet, T.; Arvieu, R.

1980-05-01

The shapes of nuclear configurations are calculated using Slater determinants built with cranked harmonic oscillator single particle states. The nuclear forces role is played by a volume conservation condition (of the potential or of the density) in a first part. In a second part, we have used the finite range, density dependent interaction of Cogny. A very simple classification of configurations emerges in the first part, the relevant parameter being the equatorial eccentricity of the nuclear density. A critical equatorial eccentricity is obtained which governs the accession to the case for which the nucleus is oblate and symmetric around its axis of rotation. Nuclear configurations calculated in the second part observe remarkably well these behaviors

Enhanced resonant second harmonic generation in plasma based on density transition

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kant Niti

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Resonant second harmonic generation of a relativistic self-focusing laser in plasma with density ramp profile has been investigated. A high intense Gaussian laser beam generates resonant second harmonic beam in plasma with density ramp profile. The second harmonic undergoes periodic focusing in the plasma channel created by the fundamental wave. The normalized second harmonic amplitude varies periodically with distance and attains maximum value in the focal region. Enhancement in the second harmonic amplitude on account of relativistic self-focusing of laser based on plasma density transition is seen. Plasma density ramp plays an important role to make self-focusing stronger which leads to enhance the second harmonic generation in plasma.

Harmonic oscillator states with integer and non-integer orbital angular momentum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Land, Martin

2011-01-01

We study the quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator in two and three dimensions, with particular attention to the solutions as basis states for representing their respective symmetry groups — O(2), O(1,1), O(3), and O(2,1). The goal of this study is to establish a correspondence between Hilbert space descriptions found by solving the Schrodinger equation in polar coordinates, and Fock space descriptions constructed by expressing the symmetry operators in terms of creation/annihilation operators. We obtain wavefunctions characterized by a principal quantum number, the group Casimir eigenvalue, and one group generator whose eigenvalue is m + s, for integer m and real constant parameter s. For the three groups that contain O(2), the solutions split into two inequivalent representations, one associated with s = 0, from which we recover the familiar description of the oscillator as a product of one-dimensional solutions, and the other with s > 0 (in three dimensions, solutions are found for s = 0 and s = 1/2) whose solutions are non-separable in Cartesian coordinates, and are hence overlooked by the standard Fock space approach. The O(1,1) solutions are singlet states, restricted to zero eigenvalue of the symmetry operator, which represents the boost, not angular momentum. For O(2), a single set of creation and annihilation operators forms a ladder representation for the allowed oscillator states for any s, and the degeneracy of energy states is always finite. However, in three dimensions, the integer and half-integer eigenstates are qualitatively different: the former can be expressed as finite dimensional irreducible tensors under O(3) or O(2,1) while the latter exhibit infinite degeneracy. Creation operators that produce the allowed integer states by acting on the non-degenerate ground state are constructed as irreducible tensor products of the fundamental vector representation. However, the half-integer eigenstates are infinite-dimensional, as expected for the non

The Laplace transform approach for a Dirac isotonic oscillator with a tensor potential in D-dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roshanzamir-Nikou, M; Goudarzi, H

2014-01-01

The exact bound-state energy and the corresponding eigenfunctions of a relativistic spin 1/2 harmonic oscillator with a centripetal barrier, known as an isotonic oscillator including the tensor interaction term are obtained in D-dimensions. In particular, we use the Laplace transform method in the pseudospin symmetry limit. It is shown that our analytical results are consistent with those obtained by Agboola (2012 J. Math. Phys. 53 052302) and Ikhdair and Sever (2011 J. Math. Phys. 52 122108) in the absence of the tensor interaction using different methods. Further, we give some numerical results on the energy levels for different values of related quantum numbers. (paper)

Perturbative determination of mass-dependent renormalization and improvement coefficients for the heavy-light vector and axial-vector currents with relativistic heavy and domain-wall light quarks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamada, Norikazu; Aoki, Sinya; Kuramashi, Yoshinobu

2005-01-01

We determine the mass-dependent renormalization as well as improvement coefficients for the heavy-light vector and axial-vector currents consisting of the relativistic heavy and the domain-wall light quarks through the standard matching procedure. The calculation is carried out perturbatively at the one-loop level to remove the systematic error of O(α s (am Q ) n ap) as well as O(α s (am Q ) n ) (n>=0), where p is a typical momentum scale in the heavy-light system. We point out that renormalization and improvement coefficients of the heavy-light vector current agree with those of the axial-vector current, thanks to the exact chiral symmetry for the light quark. The results obtained with three different gauge actions, plaquette, Iwasaki and DBW2, are presented as a function of heavy quark mass and domain-wall height

A potential model for quark confinement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thaler, J.; Iqbal, M.J.

1985-02-01

A static quark potential model obtained from a relativistic wave-equation is considered. The long-part of the quadratic terms is suppressed by a glueball exchange mechanism and compatibility with the meson spectra is shown

A hidden non-Abelian monopole in a 16-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Le, Van-Hoang; Nguyen, Thanh-Son; Phan, Ngoc-Hung [Department of Physics, HCMC University of Pedagogy, 280 An Duong Vuong, Ward 10, Dist. 5, Ho Chi Minh City (Viet Nam)

2009-05-01

We suggest one variant of generalization of the Hurwitz transformation by adding seven extra variables that allow an inverse transformation to be obtained. Using this generalized transformation we establish the connection between the Schroedinger equation of a 16-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator and that of a nine-dimensional hydrogen-like atom in the field of a monopole described by a septet of potential vectors in a non-Abelian model of 28 operators. The explicit form of the potential vectors and all the commutation relations of the algebra are given./.

A hidden non-Abelian monopole in a 16-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Le, Van-Hoang; Nguyen, Thanh-Son; Phan, Ngoc-Hung

2009-01-01

We suggest one variant of generalization of the Hurwitz transformation by adding seven extra variables that allow an inverse transformation to be obtained. Using this generalized transformation we establish the connection between the Schroedinger equation of a 16-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator and that of a nine-dimensional hydrogen-like atom in the field of a monopole described by a septet of potential vectors in a non-Abelian model of 28 operators. The explicit form of the potential vectors and all the commutation relations of the algebra are given./

(1 + 1) Newton-Hooke group for the simple and damped harmonic oscillator

Science.gov (United States)

Brzykcy, Przemysław

2018-03-01

It is demonstrated that, in the framework of the orbit method, a simple and damped harmonic oscillator is indistinguishable at the level of an abstract Lie algebra. This opens a possibility for treating the dissipative systems within the orbit method. An in-depth analysis of the coadjoint orbits of the (1 + 1) dimensional Newton-Hooke group is presented. Furthermore, it is argued that the physical interpretation is carried by a specific realisation of the Lie algebra of smooth functions on a phase space rather than by an abstract Lie algebra.

Some simple solutions of Schrödinger's equation for a free particle or for an oscillator

Science.gov (United States)

Andrews, Mark

2018-05-01

For a non-relativistic free particle, we show that the evolution of some simple initial wave functions made up of linear segments can be expressed in terms of Fresnel integrals. Examples include the square wave function and the triangular wave function. The method is then extended to wave functions made from quadratic elements. The evolution of all these initial wave functions can also be found for the harmonic oscillator by a transformation of the free evolutions.

Harmonic oscillator in heat bath: Exact simulation of time-lapse-recorded data and exact analytical benchmark statistics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nørrelykke, Simon F; Flyvbjerg, Henrik

2011-01-01

The stochastic dynamics of the damped harmonic oscillator in a heat bath is simulated with an algorithm that is exact for time steps of arbitrary size. Exact analytical results are given for correlation functions and power spectra in the form they acquire when computed from experimental time...

A quark model of baryons with natural flavor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Forsyth, C.P.; Cutkowsky, R.E.

1983-01-01

We have fitted the masses and elastic widths of the S=0 baryons in the context of the QCD-improved quark shell model. All states in the N=0, 1, 2 and 3 harmonic oscillator bands have been included. Three models for the decay of these states have been studied, and it is concluded that the usual spectator model for the decays must be modified. Many resonances in the N=2 and 3 bands were found to decouple from the πN channel, supporting a previous solution to the missing resonance puzzle. No evidence has been found for the tensor force, while conflicting data exist for the 3-body spin orbit term. We also have found evidence that the contact force varies with band. The (56,1 - ) multiplet is lower than expected. (orig.)

ON-SHELL IMPROVEMENT OF THE MASSIVE WILSON QUARK ACTION.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

AOKI, S.; KAYABA, Y.; KURAMASHI, Y.; YAMADA, N.

2005-04-01

We review a relativistic approach to the heavy quark physics in lattice QCD by applying a relativistic O(a) improvement to the massive Wilson quark action on the lattice. After explaining how power corrections of m{sub Q}a can be avoided and remaining uncertainties are reduced to be of order (a{Lambda}{sub QCD}){sup 2}, we demonstrate a determination of four improvement coefficients in the action up to one-loop level in a mass dependent way. We also show a perturbative determination of mass dependent renormalization factors and O(a) improvement coefficients for the vector and axial vector currents. Some preliminary results of numerical simulations are also presented.

Modeling stock return distributions with a quantum harmonic oscillator

Science.gov (United States)

Ahn, K.; Choi, M. Y.; Dai, B.; Sohn, S.; Yang, B.

2017-11-01

We propose a quantum harmonic oscillator as a model for the market force which draws a stock return from short-run fluctuations to the long-run equilibrium. The stochastic equation governing our model is transformed into a Schrödinger equation, the solution of which features “quantized” eigenfunctions. Consequently, stock returns follow a mixed χ distribution, which describes Gaussian and non-Gaussian features. Analyzing the Financial Times Stock Exchange (FTSE) All Share Index, we demonstrate that our model outperforms traditional stochastic process models, e.g., the geometric Brownian motion and the Heston model, with smaller fitting errors and better goodness-of-fit statistics. In addition, making use of analogy, we provide an economic rationale of the physics concepts such as the eigenstate, eigenenergy, and angular frequency, which sheds light on the relationship between finance and econophysics literature.

High $p_T$ harmonics in PbPb collisions at 5.02 TeV

CERN Document Server

Wang, Quan

2017-01-01

Studies of azimuthal anisotropies for very high $p_{T}$ particles in relativistic heavy ion collisions provide crucial information on the path length dependence of the parton energy loss mechanism in the quark-gluon plasma. Final high-precision data on the elliptic ($v_{2}$) and triangular ($v_{3}$) anisotropy harmonics of charged particles, obtained with the scalar product method, are presented up to $p_{T}$ $\\sim$ 100 GeV/c in PbPb collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV, using data recorded during the LHC run 2 with the CMS detector. In particular, the $v_{3}$ harmonic is explored to a very high $p_{T}$ regime for the first time, allowing for an improved understanding of the effect of initial-state fluctuations on the parton energy loss. The $v_{2}$ values reaching up $p_{T}$ $\\sim$ 100 GeV/c are also determined using 4-, 6- and 8-particle cumulants, shedding new light on the origin of the observed high-$p_{T}$ azimuthal anisotropies. These new results are compared to theoretical calculations and provide ...

Waves in magnetized quark matter

Science.gov (United States)

Fogaça, D. A.; Sanches, S. M.; Navarra, F. S.

2018-05-01

We study wave propagation in a non-relativistic cold quark-gluon plasma immersed in a constant magnetic field. Starting from the Euler equation we derive linear wave equations and investigate their stability and causality. We use a generic form for the equation of state, the EOS derived from the MIT bag model and also a variant of the this model which includes gluon degrees of freedom. The results of this analysis may be relevant for perturbations propagating through the quark matter phase in the core of compact stars and also for perturbations propagating in the low temperature quark-gluon plasma formed in low energy heavy ion collisions, to be carried out at FAIR and NICA.

Oscillations in neutron stars

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hoeye, Gudrun Kristine

1999-07-01

We have studied radial and nonradial oscillations in neutron stars, both in a general relativistic and non-relativistic frame, for several different equilibrium models. Different equations of state were combined, and our results show that it is possible to distinguish between the models based on their oscillation periods. We have particularly focused on the p-, f-, and g-modes. We find oscillation periods of II approx. 0.1 ms for the p-modes, II approx. 0.1 - 0.8 ms for the f-modes and II approx. 10 - 400 ms for the g-modes. For high-order (l (>{sub )} 4) f-modes we were also able to derive a formula that determines II{sub l+1} from II{sub l} and II{sub l-1} to an accuracy of 0.1%. Further, for the radial f-mode we find that the oscillation period goes to infinity as the maximum mass of the star is approached. Both p-, f-, and g-modes are sensitive to changes in the central baryon number density n{sub c}, while the g-modes are also sensitive to variations in the surface temperature. The g-modes are concentrated in the surface layer, while p- and f-modes can be found in all parts of the star. The effects of general relativity were studied, and we find that these are important at high central baryon number densities, especially for the p- and f-modes. General relativistic effects can therefore not be neglected when studying oscillations in neutron stars. We have further developed an improved Cowling approximation in the non-relativistic frame, which eliminates about half of the gap in the oscillation periods that results from use of the ordinary Cowling approximation. We suggest to develop an improved Cowling approximation also in the general relativistic frame. (Author)

Oscillations in neutron stars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoeye, Gudrun Kristine

1999-01-01

We have studied radial and nonradial oscillations in neutron stars, both in a general relativistic and non-relativistic frame, for several different equilibrium models. Different equations of state were combined, and our results show that it is possible to distinguish between the models based on their oscillation periods. We have particularly focused on the p-, f-, and g-modes. We find oscillation periods of II approx. 0.1 ms for the p-modes, II approx. 0.1 - 0.8 ms for the f-modes and II approx. 10 - 400 ms for the g-modes. For high-order (l → 4) f-modes we were also able to derive a formula that determines II l+1 from II l and II l-1 to an accuracy of 0.1%. Further, for the radial f-mode we find that the oscillation period goes to infinity as the maximum mass of the star is approached. Both p-, f-, and g-modes are sensitive to changes in the central baryon number density n c , while the g-modes are also sensitive to variations in the surface temperature. The g-modes are concentrated in the surface layer, while p- and f-modes can be found in all parts of the star. The effects of general relativity were studied, and we find that these are important at high central baryon number densities, especially for the p- and f-modes. General relativistic effects can therefore not be neglected when studying oscillations in neutron stars. We have further developed an improved Cowling approximation in the non-relativistic frame, which eliminates about half of the gap in the oscillation periods that results from use of the ordinary Cowling approximation. We suggest to develop an improved Cowling approximation also in the general relativistic frame. (Author)

Spectra of heavy-light mesons in a relativistic model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, Jing-Bin; Lue, Cai-Dian [Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing (China)

2017-05-15

The spectra and wave functions of heavy-light mesons are calculated within a relativistic quark model which is based on a heavy-quark expansion of the instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter equation by applying the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation. The kernel we choose is the standard combination of linear scalar and Coulombic vector. The effective Hamiltonian for heavy-light quark-antiquark system is calculated up to order 1/m{sub Q}{sup 2}. Our results are in good agreement with available experimental data except for the anomalous D{sub s0}{sup *}(2317) and D{sub s1}(2460) states. The newly observed heavy-light meson states can be accommodated successfully in the relativistic quark model with their assignments presented. The D{sub sJ}{sup *}(2860) can be interpreted as the vertical stroke 1{sup 3/2}D{sub 1} right angle and vertical stroke 1{sup 5/2}D{sub 3} right angle states being members of the 1D family with J{sup P} = 1{sup -} and 3{sup -}. (orig.)

Heavy baryon spectroscopy with relativistic kinematics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Valcarce, A.; Garcilazo, H.; Vijande, J.

2014-01-01

We present a comparative Faddeev study of heavy baryon spectroscopy with nonrelativistic and relativistic kinematics. We show results for different standard hyperfine interactions with both kinematics in an attempt to learn about the light quark dynamics. We highlight the properties of particular states accessible in nowadays laboratories that would help in discriminating between different dynamical models. The advance in the knowledge of light quark dynamics is a key tool for the understanding of the existence of exotic hadrons.

Fundamental and Subharmonic Resonances of Harmonically Oscillation with Time Delay State Feedback

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A.F. EL-Bassiouny

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Time delays occur in many physical systems. In particular, when automatic control is used with structural or mechanical systems, there exists a delay between measurement of the system state and corrective action. The concept of an equivalent damping related to the delay feedback is proposed and the appropriate choice of the feedback gains and the time delay is discussed from the viewpoint of vibration control. We investigate the fundamental resonance and subharmonic resonance of order one-half of a harmonically oscillation under state feedback control with a time delay. By using the multiple scale perturbation technique, the first order approximation of the resonances are derived and the effect of time delay on the resonances is investigated. The fixed points correspond to a periodic motion for the starting system and we show the external excitation-response and frequency-response curves. We analyze the effect of time delay and the other different parameters on these oscillations.

Quark effects in nuclear physics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scholten, O.

1990-01-01

The magnitude of the quark effect for low-energy nuclear physics is investigated. Coulomb energy is studied in the A=3 system in order to determine the effect of the composite structure of the nucleon. In the actual calculations a non-relativistic quark-cluster model description has been used. A nucleon size b=0.617 fm, the width of the relative wave function Φ of the quarks in the nucleon, has been assumed. It is concluded that the contribution to Coulomb energies due to quark effects are significant compared to the observed Nolen-Schiffer anomaly. However these do not provide the long searched for 'smoking gun'. When the free parameters that appear in the calculation are adjusted to reproduce the same charge form factor, the calculated anomalies are not significantly different. 2 figs., 2 tabs., 8 refs.2

Oscillations of the crystal-melt interface caused by harmonic oscillations of the pulling rate for the cylindrical phase of crystal growth

Science.gov (United States)

Vasil'ev, M. G.

2017-02-01

A technique for measuring the crystal cross-sectional area with a weight sensor based on the difference between its readings at the extreme rod positions in the stepwise and continuous modes of modulation of the pulling rate is proposed for the low-thermal gradient Czochralski method. A change in the crystallization rate at harmonic oscillations of the pulling rate is estimated with the aim of conserving the quality of the growing crystal for this measurement method.

Probing the onset of laser-induced relativistic transparency in massive targets

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Tao; Wagner, Craig; Toncian, Toma; Dyer, Gilliss; Arefiev, Alexey; Ditmire, Todd

2017-10-01

We have investigated a novel approach of using harmonics of the laser frequency generated in the plasma to detect the onset of relativistic transparency induced by an intense laser pulse. The onset of the transparency is directly associated with a forward motion of a relativistically adjusted critical surface. The corresponding velocity is relativistic, so the harmonics generated at this critical surface are noticeably shifted. Using particle-in-cell simulations, we have confirmed that the resulting shift greatly exceeds the shift produced during a hole-boring process when the relativistic transparency plays no role, which allows us to clearly identify the onset of the relativistic transparency. Experiments that we have carried out at the Texas Petawatt laser showcase this approach. The 3rd harmonic signal detected in experiments with massive targets irradiated at laser intensities around 1020 W/cm2 has a pronounced shift associated with the relativistic transparency. The shift represents a recession of the relativistically adjusted critical surface with a velocity close to 0.2 c. This approach opens a new possibility of detecting changes in the optical properties of matter induced by intense laser pulses even when no transmission of the laser pulse takes place. This research was supported part by NSF (Grant No. 1632777) and NNSA (Cont. No. DE-NA0002008). Simulations were performed using HPC resources at TACC at the University of Texas.

Relativistic bound state wave functions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Micu, L.

2005-01-01

A particular method of writing the bound state wave functions in relativistic form is applied to the solutions of the Dirac equation with confining potentials in order to obtain a relativistic description of a quark antiquark bound system representing a given meson. Concerning the role of the effective constituent in the present approach we first observe that without this additional constituent we couldn't expand the bound state wave function in terms of products of free states. Indeed, we notice that if the wave function depends on the relative coordinates only, all the expansion coefficients would be infinite. Secondly we remark that the effective constituent enabled us to give a Lorentz covariant meaning to the potential energy of the bound system which is now seen as the 4th component of a 4-momentum. On the other side, by relating the effective constituent to the quantum fluctuations of the background field which generate the binding, we provided a justification for the existence of some spatial degrees of freedom accompanying the interaction potential. These ones, which are quite unusual in quantum mechanics, in our model are the natural consequence of the the independence of the quarks and can be seen as the effect of the imperfect cancellation of the vector momenta during the quantum fluctuations. Related with all these we remark that the adequate representation for the relativistic description of a bound system is the momentum representation, because of the transparent and easy way of writing the conservation laws and the transformation properties of the wave functions. The only condition to be fulfilled is to find a suitable way to take into account the potential energy of the bound system. A particular feature of the present approach is that the confining forces are due to a kind of glue where both quarks are embedded. This recalls other bound state models where the wave function is factorized in terms of constituent wave functions and the confinement is

Proceedings of the Budapest workshop on relativistic heavy ion collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Csoergoe, T.; Hegyi, S.; Levai, P.

1993-04-01

This volume is the Proceedings of the Budapest workshop on relativistic heavy ion collisions held in Budapest, 10-13 Aug, 1992. The topics include experimental heavy ion physics, Bose-Einstein correlations, intermittency, relativistic transport theory, Quark-Gluon Plasma rehadronization, astronuclear physics and cosmology. All contributions were indexed and abstracted. (author)

Resolving a puzzle concerning fluctuation theorems for forced harmonic oscillators in non-Markovian heat baths

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaudhury, Srabanti; Chatterjee, Debarati; Cherayil, Binny J

2008-01-01

A harmonic oscillator that evolves under the action of both a systematic time-dependent force and a random time-correlated force can do work w. This work is a random quantity, and Mai and Dhar have recently shown, using the generalized Langevin equation (GLE) for the oscillator's position x, that it satisfies a fluctuation theorem. In principle, the same result could have been derived from the Fokker–Planck equation (FPE) for the probability density function, P(x,w,t), for the oscillator being at x at time t, having done work w. Although the FPE equivalent to the above GLE is easily constructed and solved, one finds, unexpectedly, that its predictions for the mean and variance of w do not agree with the fluctuation theorem. We show that to resolve this contradiction, it is necessary to construct an FPE that includes the velocity of the oscillator, v, as an additional variable. The FPE for P(x,v,w,t) does indeed yield expressions for the mean and variance of w that agree with the fluctuation theorem

Quark-Nova Explosion inside a Collapsar: Application to Gamma Ray Bursts

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rachid Ouyed

2009-01-01

Full Text Available If a quark-nova occurs inside a collapsar, the interaction between the quark-nova ejecta (relativistic iron-rich chunks and the collapsar envelope leads to features indicative of those observed in Gamma Ray Bursts. The quark-nova ejecta collides with the stellar envelope creating an outward moving cap (Γ∼ 1–10 above the polar funnel. Prompt gamma-ray burst emission from internal shocks in relativistic jets (following accretion onto the quark star becomes visible after the cap becomes optically thin. Model features include (i precursor activity (optical, X-ray, γ-ray, (ii prompt γ-ray emission, and (iii afterglow emission. We discuss SN-less long duration GRBs, short hard GRBs (including association and nonassociation with star forming regions, dark GRBs, the energetic X-ray flares detected in Swift GRBs, and the near-simultaneous optical and γ-ray prompt emission observed in GRBs in the context of our model.

Nonlinear Effects in Three-minute Oscillations of the Solar Chromosphere. I. An Analytical Nonlinear Solution and Detection of the Second Harmonic

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chae, Jongchul; Litvinenko, Yuri E.

2017-01-01

The vertical propagation of nonlinear acoustic waves in an isothermal atmosphere is considered. A new analytical solution that describes a finite-amplitude wave of an arbitrary wavelength is obtained. Although the short- and long-wavelength limits were previously considered separately, the new solution describes both limiting cases within a common framework and provides a straightforward way of interpolating between the two limits. Physical features of the nonlinear waves in the chromosphere are described, including the dispersive nature of low-frequency waves, the steepening of the wave profile, and the influence of the gravitational field on wavefront breaking and shock formation. The analytical results suggest that observations of three-minute oscillations in the solar chromosphere may reveal the basic nonlinear effect of oscillations with combination frequencies, superposed on the normal oscillations of the system. Explicit expressions for a second-harmonic signal and the ratio of its amplitude to the fundamental harmonic amplitude are derived. Observational evidence of the second harmonic, obtained with the Fast Imaging Solar Spectrograph, installed at the 1.6 m New Solar Telescope of the Big Bear Observatory, is presented. The presented data are based on the time variations of velocity determined from the Na i D 2 and H α lines.

Nonlinear Effects in Three-minute Oscillations of the Solar Chromosphere. I. An Analytical Nonlinear Solution and Detection of the Second Harmonic

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chae, Jongchul [Astronomy Program, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826 (Korea, Republic of); Litvinenko, Yuri E. [Department of Mathematics, University of Waikato, P. B. 3105, Hamilton 3240 (New Zealand)

2017-08-01

The vertical propagation of nonlinear acoustic waves in an isothermal atmosphere is considered. A new analytical solution that describes a finite-amplitude wave of an arbitrary wavelength is obtained. Although the short- and long-wavelength limits were previously considered separately, the new solution describes both limiting cases within a common framework and provides a straightforward way of interpolating between the two limits. Physical features of the nonlinear waves in the chromosphere are described, including the dispersive nature of low-frequency waves, the steepening of the wave profile, and the influence of the gravitational field on wavefront breaking and shock formation. The analytical results suggest that observations of three-minute oscillations in the solar chromosphere may reveal the basic nonlinear effect of oscillations with combination frequencies, superposed on the normal oscillations of the system. Explicit expressions for a second-harmonic signal and the ratio of its amplitude to the fundamental harmonic amplitude are derived. Observational evidence of the second harmonic, obtained with the Fast Imaging Solar Spectrograph, installed at the 1.6 m New Solar Telescope of the Big Bear Observatory, is presented. The presented data are based on the time variations of velocity determined from the Na i D{sub 2} and H α lines.

Top-quark mass from the diphoton mass spectrum

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kawabata, Sayaka [Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Institute of Convergence Fundamental Studies, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Yokoya, Hiroshi [Quantum Universe Center, KIAS, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2017-05-15

We calculate the gg → γγ amplitude by including the t anti t bound-state effects near their mass threshold. In terms of the non-relativistic expansion of the amplitude, the LO contribution is an energy-independent term in the one-loop amplitude. We include the NLO contribution described by the non-relativistic Green function and part of the NNLO contribution. Despite a missing NLO piece which can be accomplished with the two-loop-level amplitude via massive quarks, the shape of the diphoton mass spectrum is predicted with a good accuracy. Thanks to the simple and clean nature of the observable, its experimental measurement can be a direct method to determine the short-distance mass of the top quark at hadron colliders. (orig.)

Conductivity of a relativistic plasma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Braams, B.J.; Karney, C.F.F.

1989-03-01

The collision operator for a relativistic plasma is reformulated in terms of an expansion in spherical harmonics. This formulation is used to calculate the electrical conductivity. 13 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.

Conductivity of a relativistic plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Braams, B.J.; Karney, C.F.F.

1989-03-01

The collision operator for a relativistic plasma is reformulated in terms of an expansion in spherical harmonics. This formulation is used to calculate the electrical conductivity. 13 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab

A Tail of a Quark in N=4 SYM

OpenAIRE

Chernicoff, Mariano; Garcia, J. Antonio; Guijosa, Alberto

2009-01-01

We study the dynamics of a `composite' or `dressed' quark in strongly-coupled large-N_c N=4 super-Yang-Mills, making use of the AdS/CFT correspondence. We show that the standard string dynamics nicely captures the physics of the quark and its surrounding non-Abelian field configuration, making it possible to derive a relativistic equation of motion that incorporates the effects of radiation damping. From this equation one can deduce a non-standard dispersion relation for the composite quark, ...

Constituent quarks and multi-strange baryon production in heavy-ion collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sahoo, Raghunath; Behera, Nirbhay K.; Nandi, Basanta K.; Varma, Raghava

2009-01-01

Relativistic heavy-ion collisions aim at creating matter at extreme conditions of energy density and temperature which is governed by the partonic degrees of freedom called Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). In the early phase of ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions, when a hot and dense region is formed in the core of the reaction zone, different quark flavors are produced copiously. The produced matter then undergoes transverse expansion and the produced particles suffer multiple scattering among themselves. The formation of the hadrons from the partonic phase is accomplished through further expansion and cooling of the system

Entanglement of a class of non-Gaussian states in disordered harmonic oscillator systems

Science.gov (United States)

Abdul-Rahman, Houssam

2018-03-01

For disordered harmonic oscillator systems over the d-dimensional lattice, we consider the problem of finding the bipartite entanglement of the uniform ensemble of the energy eigenstates associated with a particular number of modes. Such an ensemble defines a class of mixed, non-Gaussian entangled states that are labeled, by the energy of the system, in an increasing order. We develop a novel approach to find the exact logarithmic negativity of this class of states. We also prove entanglement bounds and demonstrate that the low energy states follow an area law.

Quantum chromodynamics as effective theory of quarks and composite gluons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fuss, T.

2004-01-01

The dynamics of quarks is described by a nonperturbatively regularized NJL model which is canonically quantized and fulfil a probability interpretation. The quantum field theory of this model is formulated in a functional space. The wave functions of the quarks and gluons are calculated as eigenstates of Hard-Core equations and the gluons are considered as relativistic bound states of colored quark-antiquark pairs. The effective dynamics of the quarks and gluons is derived from weak mapping in functional space. This leads to the functional formulation of the phenomenological SU(3) local gauge invariant quark-gluon equations in temporal gauge. This means that the local gauge symmetry is a dynamical effect resulting from the quark model

Chemical Evolution of Strongly Interacting Quark-Gluon Plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pan, Ying-Hua; Zhang, Wei-Ning

2014-01-01

At very initial stage of relativistic heavy ion collisions a wave of quark-gluon matter is produced from the break-up of the strong color electric field and then thermalizes at a short time scale (~1 fm/c). However, the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) system is far out of chemical equilibrium, especially for the heavy quarks which are supposed to reach chemical equilibrium much late. In this paper a continuing quark production picture for strongly interacting QGP system is derived, using the quark number susceptibilities and the equation of state; both of them are from the results calculated by the Wuppertal-Budapest lattice QCD collaboration. We find that the densities of light quarks increase by 75% from the temperature T=400 MeV to T=150 MeV, while the density of strange quark annihilates by 18% in the temperature region. We also offer a discussion on how this late production of quarks affects the final charge-charge correlations

Effects of an electromagnetic quark form factor on meson properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silvestre-Brac, B.

2002-01-01

A form factor is introduced in the quark electromagnetic current. Its effect is analyzed on charge mean square radii and form factors in the mesonic sector. The decay of a vector meson into lepton-antilepton pair is also affected. Two different expressions for the form factors, and two different types of quark potential are tested and some relativistic kinematical corrections are proposed. In any case the introduction of a quark form factor greatly improves the agreement with experimental data

Structure functions and pair correlations of the quark-gluon plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thoma, Markus H.

2005-01-01

Recent experiments at RHIC and theoretical considerations indicate that the quark-gluon plasma, present in the fireball of relativistic heavy-ion collisions, might be in a liquid phase. The liquid state can be identified by characteristic correlation and structure functions. Here definitions of the structure functions and pair correlations of the quark-gluon plasma are presented as well as perturbative results. These definitions might be useful for verifying the quark-gluon-plasma liquid in QCD lattice calculations

Large degeneracy of excited hadrons and quark models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bicudo, P.

2007-01-01

The pattern of a large approximate degeneracy of the excited hadron spectra (larger than the chiral restoration degeneracy) is present in the recent experimental report of Bugg. Here we try to model this degeneracy with state of the art quark models. We review how the Coulomb Gauge chiral invariant and confining Bethe-Salpeter equation simplifies in the case of very excited quark-antiquark mesons, including angular or radial excitations, to a Salpeter equation with an ultrarelativistic kinetic energy with the spin-independent part of the potential. The resulting meson spectrum is solved, and the excited chiral restoration is recovered, for all mesons with J>0. Applying the ultrarelativistic simplification to a linear equal-time potential, linear Regge trajectories are obtained, for both angular and radial excitations. The spectrum is also compared with the semiclassical Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization relation. However, the excited angular and radial spectra do not coincide exactly. We then search, with the classical Bertrand theorem, for central potentials producing always classical closed orbits with the ultrarelativistic kinetic energy. We find that no such potential exists, and this implies that no exact larger degeneracy can be obtained in our equal-time framework, with a single principal quantum number comparable to the nonrelativistic Coulomb or harmonic oscillator potentials. Nevertheless we find it plausible that the large experimental approximate degeneracy will be modeled in the future by quark models beyond the present state of the art

Future relativistic heavy ion experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pugh, H.G.

1980-12-01

Equations of state for nuclear matter and ongoing experimental studies are discussed. Relativistic heavy ion physics is the only opportunity to study in the laboratory the properties of extended multiquark systems under conditions such that quarks might run together into new arrangements previously unobserved. Several lines of further study are mentioned

Quark mass correction to the string potential

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lambiase, G.; Nesterenko, V.V.

1995-01-01

A consistent method for calculating the interquark potential generated by the relativistic string with massive ends is proposed. In this approach the interquark potential in the model of the Nambu-Goto string with point-like masses at its ends is calculated. At first the calculation is done in the one-loop approximation and then the variational estimation is performed. The quark mass correction results in decreasing the critical distance (deconfinement radius). When quark mass decreases the critical distance also decreases. For obtaining a finite result under summation over eigenfrequencies of the Nambu-Goto string with massive ends a suitable mode-by-mode subtraction is proposed. This renormalization procedure proves to be completely unique. In the framework of the developed approach the one-loop interquark potential in the model of the relativistic string with rigidity is also calculated. 34 refs., 2 figs

Creation and annihilation operators, symmetry and supersymmetry of the 3D isotropic harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mota, R D; Granados, V D; Queijeiro, A; Garcia, J; Guzman, L

2003-01-01

We show that the supersymmetric radial ladder operators of the three-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator are contained in the spherical components of the creation and annihilation operators of the system. Also, we show that the constants of motion of the problem, written in terms of these spherical components, lead us to second-order radial operators. Further, we show that these operators change the orbital angular momentum quantum number by two units and are equal to those obtained by the Infeld-Hull factorization method

Quark gluon plasma

CERN Document Server

Nayak, Tapan; Sarkar, Sourav

2014-01-01

At extremely high temperatures and densities, protons and neutrons may dissolve into a "soup" of quarks and gluons, called the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). For a few microseconds, shortly after the Big Bang, the Universe was filled with the QGP matter. The search and study of Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) is one of the most fundamental research topics of our times. The QGP matter has been probed by colliding heavy ions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York and the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, Geneva. By colliding heavy-ions at a speed close to that of light, scientists aim to obtain - albeit over a tiny volume of the size of a nucleus and for an infinitesimally short instant - a QGP state. This QGP state can be observed by dedicated experiments, as it reverts to hadronic matter through expansion and cooling. This volume presents some of the current theoretical and experimental understandings in the field of QGP.

Quark-nuclear hybrid star equation of state with excluded volume effects

Science.gov (United States)

Kaltenborn, Mark Alexander Randolph; Bastian, Niels-Uwe Friedrich; Blaschke, David Bernhard

2017-09-01

A two-phase description of the quark-nuclear matter hybrid equation of state that takes into account the effect of excluded volume in both the hadronic and the quark-matter phases is introduced. The nuclear phase manifests a reduction of the available volume as density increases, leading to a stiffening of the matter. The quark-matter phase displays a reduction of the effective string tension in the confining density functional from available volume contributions. The nuclear equation of state is based upon the relativistic density-functional model DD2 with excluded volume. The quark-matter equation of state is based upon a quasiparticle model derived from a relativistic density-functional approach and will be discussed in greater detail. The interactions are decomposed into mean scalar and vector components. The scalar interaction is motivated by a string potential between quarks, whereas the vector interaction potential is motivated by higher-order interactions of quarks leading to an increased stiffening at high densities. As an application, we consider matter under compact star constraints of electric neutrality and β equilibrium. We obtain mass-radius relations for hybrid stars that form a third family, disconnected from the purely hadronic star branch, and fulfill the 2 M⊙ constraint.

Summary of the relativistic heavy ion sessions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harris, J.W.

1988-01-01

The topics covered in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Sessions span four orders of magnitude in energy in the laboratory and a few more in theory. In the two years since the last Intersections conference, experiments in the field of very high energy heavy ion research have begun at CERN and Brookhaven. The prime motivation for these experiments is the possibility of forming quark matter. This paper is a review of the topics covered in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Sessions

Sticky orbits of a kicked harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lowenstein, J H

2005-01-01

We study a Hamiltonian dynamical system consisting of a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator kicked impulsively in 4:1 resonance with its natural frequency, with the amplitude of the kick proportional to a sawtooth function of position. For special values of the coupling parameter, the dynamical map W relating the phase-space coordinates just prior to each kick acts locally as a piecewise affine map K on a square with rational rotation number p/q. For λ = 2cos2πp/q a quadratic irrational, a recursive return-map structure allows us to completely characterize the orbits of the map K. The aperiodic orbits of this system are sticky in the sense that they spend all of their time wandering pseudo-chaotically (with strictly zero Lyapunov exponent) in the vicinity of self-similar archipelagos of periodic islands. The same recursive structure used locally for K gives us the asymptotic scaling features of long orbits of W on the infinite plane. For some coupling parameters the orbits remain bounded, but for others the distance from the origin increases as a logarithm or power of the time. In the latter case, we find examples of sub-diffusive, diffusive, super-diffusive, and ballistic power-law behavior

Anisotropic harmonic oscillator, non-commutative Landau problem and exotic Newton-Hooke symmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alvarez, Pedro D.; Gomis, Joaquim; Kamimura, Kiyoshi; Plyushchay, Mikhail S.

2008-01-01

We investigate the planar anisotropic harmonic oscillator with explicit rotational symmetry as a particle model with non-commutative coordinates. It includes the exotic Newton-Hooke particle and the non-commutative Landau problem as special, isotropic and maximally anisotropic, cases. The system is described by the same (2+1)-dimensional exotic Newton-Hooke symmetry as in the isotropic case, and develops three different phases depending on the values of the two central charges. The special cases of the exotic Newton-Hooke particle and non-commutative Landau problem are shown to be characterized by additional, so(3) or so(2,1) Lie symmetry, which reflects their peculiar spectral properties

A daily oscillation in the fundamental frequency and amplitude of harmonic syllables of zebra finch song.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

William E Wood

Full Text Available Complex motor skills are more difficult to perform at certain points in the day (for example, shortly after waking, but the daily trajectory of motor-skill error is more difficult to predict. By undertaking a quantitative analysis of the fundamental frequency (FF and amplitude of hundreds of zebra finch syllables per animal per day, we find that zebra finch song follows a previously undescribed daily oscillation. The FF and amplitude of harmonic syllables rises across the morning, reaching a peak near mid-day, and then falls again in the late afternoon until sleep. This oscillation, although somewhat variable, is consistent across days and across animals and does not require serotonin, as animals with serotonergic lesions maintained daily oscillations. We hypothesize that this oscillation is driven by underlying physiological factors which could be shared with other taxa. Song production in zebra finches is a model system for studying complex learned behavior because of the ease of gathering comprehensive behavioral data and the tractability of the underlying neural circuitry. The daily oscillation that we describe promises to reveal new insights into how time of day affects the ability to accomplish a variety of complex learned motor skills.

Several crucial problems in evaluating spectra of baryons with two heavy quarks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tong Shengping; Ding Yibing; Guo Xinheng; Shen Pengnian; Li Xueqian; Zhang Rui

2000-01-01

The spectra of baryons which include two heavy quarks and one light quark can be treated as a two-body system, where two heavy quarks constitute a bosonic diquark. The authors derive the effective potential between the light quark and the heavy diquark. In this work authors have discussed several serious problems: (1) the operator ordering, (2) the errors caused by the non-relativistic expansion, (3) spin-spin coupling and (4) the mixing between baryon states with scalar-diquark and vector-diquark

Coupled oscillators and Feynman's three papers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Y S

2007-01-01

According to Richard Feynman, the adventure of our science of physics is a perpetual attempt to recognize that the different aspects of nature are really different aspects of the same thing. It is therefore interesting to combine some, if not all, of Feynman's papers into one. The first of his three papers is on the 'rest of the universe' contained in his 1972 book on statistical mechanics. The second idea is Feynman's parton picture which he presented in 1969 at the Stony Brook conference on high-energy physics. The third idea is contained in the 1971 paper he published with his students, where they show that the hadronic spectra on Regge trajectories are manifestations of harmonic-oscillator degeneracies. In this report, we formulate these three ideas using the mathematics of two coupled oscillators. It is shown that the idea of entanglement is contained in his rest of the universe, and can be extended to a space-time entanglement. It is shown also that his parton model and the static quark model can be combined into one Lorentz-covariant entity. Furthermore, Einstein's special relativity, based on the Lorentz group, can also be formulated within the mathematical framework of two coupled oscillators

Harmonic engine

Science.gov (United States)

Bennett, Charles L [Livermore, CA

2009-10-20

A high efficiency harmonic engine based on a resonantly reciprocating piston expander that extracts work from heat and pressurizes working fluid in a reciprocating piston compressor. The engine preferably includes harmonic oscillator valves capable of oscillating at a resonant frequency for controlling the flow of working fluid into and out of the expander, and also preferably includes a shunt line connecting an expansion chamber of the expander to a buffer chamber of the expander for minimizing pressure variations in the fluidic circuit of the engine. The engine is especially designed to operate with very high temperature input to the expander and very low temperature input to the compressor, to produce very high thermal conversion efficiency.

Faddeev approach in three-quark systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kuperin, Yu.A.; Kvintsinskij, A.A.; Merkur'ev, S.P.; Novozhilov, V.Yu.

1985-01-01

Calculations of baryon static properties represent a noval field where the Faddeev differential equations are applied. The mass spectra and were functions of baryons from multiplets of spin-partity Jsup(P)=1/2 + , 3/2 + are investigated in non-relativistic quark model. The structure parameters characterizing the ''quality'' of the baryon wave functions, i.e. charge radii, electromagnetic form factors quark distribution functions, are calculated. It is shown that the majority of the popular qq-potentials do not give ''high quality'' wave functions in spite of the good fit for the hadron masses

Interaction of relativistic electrons with an intense laser pulse: High-order harmonic generation based on Thomson scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hack, Szabolcs; Varró, Sándor; Czirják, Attila

2016-01-01

We investigate nonlinear Thomson scattering as a source of high-order harmonic radiation with the potential to enable attosecond light pulse generation. We present a new analytic solution of the electron’s relativistic equations of motion in the case of a short laser pulse with a sine-squared envelope. Based on the single electron emission, we compute and analyze the radiated amplitude and phase spectrum for a realistic electron bunch, with special attention to the correct initial values. These results show that the radiation spectrum of an electron bunch in head-on collision with a sufficiently strong laser pulse of sine-squared envelope has a smooth frequency dependence to allow for the synthesis of attosecond light pulses.

Interaction of relativistic electrons with an intense laser pulse: High-order harmonic generation based on Thomson scattering

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hack, Szabolcs [ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged (Hungary); Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Szeged, Tisza L. krt. 84-86, H-6720 Szeged (Hungary); Varró, Sándor [ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged (Hungary); Wigner Research Center for Physics, SZFI, PO Box 49, H-1525 Budapest (Hungary); Czirják, Attila [ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged (Hungary); Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Szeged, Tisza L. krt. 84-86, H-6720 Szeged (Hungary)

2016-02-15

We investigate nonlinear Thomson scattering as a source of high-order harmonic radiation with the potential to enable attosecond light pulse generation. We present a new analytic solution of the electron’s relativistic equations of motion in the case of a short laser pulse with a sine-squared envelope. Based on the single electron emission, we compute and analyze the radiated amplitude and phase spectrum for a realistic electron bunch, with special attention to the correct initial values. These results show that the radiation spectrum of an electron bunch in head-on collision with a sufficiently strong laser pulse of sine-squared envelope has a smooth frequency dependence to allow for the synthesis of attosecond light pulses.

Stochastic and superharmonic stochastic resonances of a confined overdamped harmonic oscillator

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Lu; Lai, Li; Peng, Hao; Tu, Zhe; Zhong, Suchuan

2018-01-01

The dynamics of many soft condensed matter and biological systems is affected by space limitations, which produce some peculiar effects on the systems' stochastic resonance (SR) behavior. In this study, we propose a model where SR can be observed: a confined overdamped harmonic oscillator that is subjected to a sinusoidal driving force and is under the influence of a multiplicative white noise. The output response of the system is a periodic signal with harmonic frequencies that are odd multiples of the driving frequency. We verify the amplitude resonances at the driving frequencies and superharmonic frequencies that are equal to three, five, and seven times the driving frequency, using a numerical method based on the stochastic Taylor expansion. The synergistic effect of the multiplicative white noise, constant boundaries, and periodic driving force that can induce a SR in the output amplitude at the driving and superharmonic frequencies is found. The SR phenomenon found in this paper is sensitive to the driving amplitude and frequency, inherent potential parameter, and boundary width, thus leading to various resonance conditions. Therefore, the mechanism found could be beneficial for the characterization of these confined systems and could constitute an important tool for controlling their basic properties.

Studying extremely peripheral collisions of relativistic heavy ions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fatyga, M.

1990-01-01

Relativistic heavy ion facilities have been proposed (and in some cases constructed) with an intent to search for a new state of matter, a quark gluon plasma. As with all tools in the experimental physics, one should always search for ways in which relativistic heavy ions can be used to study physical phenomena beyond this original goal. New possibilities for a study of higher order photonuclear excitations in extremely peripheral collisions of relativistic heavy ions are discussed in this contribution. Data on the electromagnetic and nuclear fragmentation of a 14.6Gev/nucleon 28 Si projectile are presented

Improved time-dependent harmonic oscillator method for vibrationally inelastic collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

DePristo, A.E.

1985-01-01

A quantal solution to vibrationally inelastic collisions is presented based upon a linear expansion of the interaction potential around the time-dependent classical positions of all translational and vibrational degrees of freedom. The full time-dependent wave function is a product of a Gaussian translational wave packet and a multidimensional harmonic oscillator wave function, both centered around the appropriate classical position variables. The computational requirements are small since the initial vibrational coordinates are the equilibrium values in the classical trajectory (i.e., phase space sampling does not occur). Different choices of the initial width of the translational wave packet and the initial classical translational momenta are possible, and two combinations are investigated. The first involves setting the initial classical momenta equal to the quantal expectation value, and varying the width to satisfy normalization of the transition probability matrix. The second involves adjusting the initial classical momenta to ensure detailed balancing for each set of transitions, i→f and f→i, and varying the width to satisfy normalization. This choice illustrates the origin of the empirical correction of using the arithmetic average momenta as the initial classical momenta in the forced oscillator approximation. Both methods are tested for the collinear collision systems CO 2 --(He, Ne), and are found to be accurate except for near-resonant vibration--vibration exchange at low initial kinetic energies

High pT Harmonics in PbPb Collisions at 5.02 TeV

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Quan; CMS Collaboration

2017-11-01

Studies of azimuthal anisotropies for very high pT particles in relativistic heavy ion collisions provide crucial information on the path length dependence of the parton energy loss mechanism in the quark-gluon plasma. Final high-precision data on the elliptic (v2) and triangular (v3) anisotropy harmonics of charged particles, obtained with the scalar product method, are presented up to pT ∼ 100 GeV/c in PbPb collisions at √{sNN} = 5.02 TeV, using data recorded during the LHC run 2 with the CMS detector. In particular, the v3 harmonic is explored to a very high pT regime for the first time, allowing for an improved understanding of the effect of initial-state fluctuations on the parton energy loss. The v2 values reaching up pT ∼ 100 GeV/c are also determined using 4-, 6- and 8-particle cumulants, shedding new light on the origin of the observed high-pT azimuthal anisotropies. These new results are compared to theoretical calculations and provide stringent constraints on the parton energy loss mechanisms and the influence of initial-state fluctuations.

Deeply virtual Compton scattering in a relativistic quark model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Spitzenberg, T.

2007-09-15

This thesis is mainly concerned with a model calculation for generalized parton distributions (GPDs). We calculate vectorial- and axial GPDs for the N{yields}N and N{yields}{delta} transition in the framework of a light front quark model. This requires the elaboration of a connection between transition amplitudes and GPDs. We provide the first quark model calculations for N{yields}{delta} GPDs. The examination of transition amplitudes leads to various model independent consistency relations. These relations are not exactly obeyed by our model calculation since the use of the impulse approximation in the light front quark model leads to a violation of Poincare covariance. We explore the impact of this covariance breaking on the GPDs and form factors which we determine in our model calculation and find large effects. The reference frame dependence of our results which originates from the breaking of Poincare covariance can be eliminated by introducing spurious covariants. We extend this formalism in order to obtain frame independent results from our transition amplitudes. (orig.)

The optimal performance of a quantum refrigeration cycle working with harmonic oscillators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lin Bihong; Chen Jincan; Hua Ben

2003-01-01

The cycle model of a quantum refrigeration cycle working with many non-interacting harmonic oscillators and consisting of two isothermal and two constant-frequency processes is established. Based on the quantum master equation and semi-group approach, the general performance of the cycle is investigated. Expressions for some important performance parameters, such as the coefficient of performance, cooling rate, power input, and rate of the entropy production, are derived. Several interesting cases are discussed and, especially, the optimal performance of the cycle at high temperatures is discussed in detail. Some important characteristic curves of the cycle, such as the cooling rate versus coefficient of performance curves, the power input versus coefficient of performance curves, the cooling rate versus power input curves, and so on, are presented. The maximum cooling rate and the corresponding coefficient of performance are calculated. Other optimal performances are also analysed. The results obtained here are compared with those of an Ericsson or Stirling refrigeration cycle using an ideal gas as the working substance. Finally, the optimal performance of a harmonic quantum Carnot refrigeration cycle at high temperatures is derived easily

Relativistic Faddeev description of baryons and nucleon structure function in the NJL model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bentz, W.; Mineo, H.; Asami, H.; Yazaki, K

2000-05-08

In this work we use the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model as an effective quark theory based on QCD to describe the structure of baryons. Based on the solutions of the relativistic 3-quark Faddeev equation in the ladder approximation, we discuss the masses of the nucleon and the delta, the static properties of the nucleon, and the quark light cone momentum distributions in the nucleon.

Approaching Resonant Absorption of Environmental Xenobiotics Harmonic Oscillation by Linear Structures

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cornelia A. Bulucea

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Over the last several decades, it has become increasingly accepted that the term xenobiotic relates to environmental impact, since environmental xenobiotics are understood to be substances foreign to a biological system, which did not exist in nature before their synthesis by humans. In this context, xenobiotics are persistent pollutants such as dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls, as well as plastics and pesticides. Dangerous and unstable situations can result from the presence of environmental xenobiotics since their harmful effects on humans and ecosystems are often unpredictable. For instance, the immune system is extremely vulnerable and sensitive to modulation by environmental xenobitics. Various experimental assays could be performed to ascertain the immunotoxic potential of environmental xenobiotics, taking into account genetic factors, the route of xenobiotic penetration, and the amount and duration of exposure, as well as the wave shape of the xenobiotic. In this paper, we propose an approach for the analysis of xenobiotic metabolism using mathematical models and corresponding methods. This study focuses on a pattern depicting mathematically modeled processes of resonant absorption of a xenobiotic harmonic oscillation by an organism modulated as an absorbing oscillator structure. We represent the xenobiotic concentration degree through a spatial concentration vector, and we model and simulate the oscillating regime of environmental xenobiotic absorption. It is anticipated that the results could be used to facilitate the assessment of the processes of environmental xenobiotic absorption, distribution, biotransformation and removal within the framework of compartmental analysis, by establishing appropriate mathematical models and simulations.

High spin rotations of nuclei with the harmonic oscillator potential

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cerkaski, M.; Szymanski, Z.

1978-01-01

Calculations of the nuclear properties at high angular momentum have been performed recently. They are based on the liquid drop model of a nucleus and/or on the assumption of the single particle shell structure of the nucleonic motion. The calculations are usually complicated and involve long computer codes. In this article we shall discuss general trends in fast rotating nuclei in the approximation of the harmonic oscillator potential. We shall see that using the Bohr Mottelson simplified version of the rigorous solution of Valatin one can perform a rather simple analysis of the rotational bands, structure of the yrast line, moments of inertia etc. in the rotating nucleus. While the precision fit to experimental data in actual nuclei is not the purpose of this paper, one can still hope to reach some general understanding within the model of the simple relations resulting in nuclei at high spin. (author)

An optimization method of relativistic backward wave oscillator using particle simulation and genetic algorithms

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, Zaigao; Wang, Jianguo [Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi' an, Shaanxi 710049 (China); Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, P.O. Box 69-12, Xi' an, Shaanxi 710024 (China); Wang, Yue; Qiao, Hailiang; Zhang, Dianhui [Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, P.O. Box 69-12, Xi' an, Shaanxi 710024 (China); Guo, Weijie [Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi' an, Shaanxi 710049 (China)

2013-11-15

Optimal design method of high-power microwave source using particle simulation and parallel genetic algorithms is presented in this paper. The output power, simulated by the fully electromagnetic particle simulation code UNIPIC, of the high-power microwave device is given as the fitness function, and the float-encoding genetic algorithms are used to optimize the high-power microwave devices. Using this method, we encode the heights of non-uniform slow wave structure in the relativistic backward wave oscillators (RBWO), and optimize the parameters on massively parallel processors. Simulation results demonstrate that we can obtain the optimal parameters of non-uniform slow wave structure in the RBWO, and the output microwave power enhances 52.6% after the device is optimized.

Quasi-periodic oscillations and the global modes of relativistic, MHD accretion discs

Science.gov (United States)

Dewberry, Janosz W.; Latter, Henrik N.; Ogilvie, Gordon I.

2018-05-01

The high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations that punctuate the light curves of X-ray binary systems present a window on to the intrinsic properties of stellar-mass black holes and hence a testbed for general relativity. One explanation for these features is that relativistic distortion of the accretion disc's differential rotation creates a trapping region in which inertial waves (r-modes) might grow to observable amplitudes. Local analyses, however, predict that large-scale magnetic fields push this trapping region to the inner disc edge, where conditions may be unfavourable for r-mode growth. We revisit this problem from a pseudo-Newtonian but fully global perspective, deriving linearized equations describing a relativistic, magnetized accretion flow, and calculating normal modes with and without vertical density stratification. In an unstratified model we confirm that vertical magnetic fields drive r-modes towards the inner edge, though the effect depends on the choice of vertical wavenumber. In a global model we better quantify this susceptibility, and its dependence on the disc's vertical structure and thickness. Our calculations suggest that in thin discs, r-modes may remain independent of the inner disc edge for vertical magnetic fields with plasma betas as low as β ≈ 100-300. We posit that the appearance of r-modes in observations may be more determined by a competition between excitation and damping mechanisms near the ISCO than by the modification of the trapping region by magnetic fields.

Strangeness and the quark-gluon plasma: An experimenter's perspective

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Odyniec, G.

1994-02-01

Current status of experimental results on strange particle production in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions is reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the relevance to the hypothetical quark-gluon plasma formation and the origin of the Universe

Hadron production in relativistic heavy ion interactions and the search for the quark-gluon plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tannenbaum, M.J.

1989-12-01

The course starts with an introduction, from the experimentalist's point of view, of the challenge of measuring Relativistic Heavy Ion interactions. A review of some theoretical predictions for the expected signatures of the quark gluon plasma will be made, with a purpose to understand how they relate to quantities which may be experimentally measured. A short exposition of experimental techniques and details is given including charged particles in matter, momentum resolution, kinematics and Lorentz Transformations, calorimetry. Principles of particle identification including magnetic spectrometers, time of flight measurement. Illustrations using the E802 spectrometer and other measured results. Resolution smearing of spectra, and binning effects. Parent to daughter effects in decay, with π 0 → γ γ as an example. The experimental situation from the known data in p -- p collisions and proton-nucleus reactions is reviewed and used as a basis for further discussions. The ''Cronin Effect'' and the ''Seagull Effect'' being two arcana worth noting. Then, selected experiments from the BNL and CERN heavy ion programs are discussed in detail. 118 refs., 45 figs

Study of dibaryon states containing three different types of quarks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leandri, J.; Silvestre-Brac, B.

1997-01-01

Previously we have shown, in a simple chromomagnetic model, that including heavy quarks in the dibaryon sector can lead to favorable configurations for stability against decay into two baryons. In this study we investigate a reduced set of favorable candidates that have emerged from our previous works. We use a non-relativistic quark model with quarks interacting through a QCD-inspired potential, which has been tested previously in meson and baryon spectroscopy. A variational procedure is performed using a great number of Gaussian functions containing all the possibilities for colour, isospin, and spin components. (author)

Pairing in hadron structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chela-Flores, J.

1981-08-01

A many-body approach to hadron structure is presented, in which we consider two parton species: spin-0 (b-partons), and spin-1/2 (f-partons). We extend a boson and a fermion pairing scheme for the b-, and f-partons respectively, into a Yang-Mills gauge theory. The main feature of this theory is that the gauge field is not identified with the usual gluon field variable in QCD. We study the confinement problem of the hadron constituents, and obtain, for low temperatures, partons that are confined by energy gaps. As the critical temperatures for the corresponding phase transitions are approached, the energy gap gradually disappears, and confinement is lost. The theory goes beyond the non-relativistic harmonic oscillator quark model, in the sense of giving physical reasons why a non-relativistic approximation is adequate in describing the internal dynamics of hadron structure. (author)

A position-dependent mass harmonic oscillator and deformed space

Science.gov (United States)

da Costa, Bruno G.; Borges, Ernesto P.

2018-04-01

We consider canonically conjugated generalized space and linear momentum operators x^ q and p^ q in quantum mechanics, associated with a generalized translation operator which produces infinitesimal deformed displacements controlled by a deformation parameter q. A canonical transformation (x ^ ,p ^ ) →(x^ q,p^ q ) leads the Hamiltonian of a position-dependent mass particle in usual space to another Hamiltonian of a particle with constant mass in a conservative force field of the deformed space. The equation of motion for the classical phase space (x, p) may be expressed in terms of the deformed (dual) q-derivative. We revisit the problem of a q-deformed oscillator in both classical and quantum formalisms. Particularly, this canonical transformation leads a particle with position-dependent mass in a harmonic potential to a particle with constant mass in a Morse potential. The trajectories in phase spaces (x, p) and (xq, pq) are analyzed for different values of the deformation parameter. Finally, we compare the results of the problem in classical and quantum formalisms through the principle of correspondence and the WKB approximation.

Classical and quantum mechanics of the damped harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dekker, H.

1981-01-01

The relations between various treatments of the classical linearly damped harmonic oscillator and its quantization are investigated. In the course of a historical survey typical features of the problem are discussed on the basis of Havas' classical Hamiltonian and the quantum mechanical Suessmann-Hasse-Albrecht models as coined by the Muenchen/Garching nuclear physics group. It is then shown how by imposing a restriction on the classical trajectories in order to connect the Hamiltonian with the energy, the time-independent Bateman-Morse-Feshbach-Bopp Hamiltonian leads to the time-dependent Caldirola-Kanai Hamiltonian. Canonical quantization of either formulation entails a violation of Heisenberg's principle. By means of a unified treatment of both the electrical and mechanical semi-infinite transmission line, this defect is related to the disregard of additional quantum fluctuations that are intrinsically connected with the dissipation. The difficulties of these models are discussed. Then it is proved that the Bateman dual Hamiltonian is connected to a recently developed complex symplectic formulation by a simple canonical transformation. (orig.)

Quarks in hadrons and nuclei and electromagnetic probes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faessler, Amand

1995-01-01

Deuteron properties and nuclear magnetic moments are studied in the non-relativistic quark cluster model. The quark cluster model is modified to include chiral symmetry. This reduces the number of parameters. The σ meson is exchanged between quarks and not as in earlier versions between nucleons. The charge monopole, quadrupole and magnetic-dipole form factors and the tensor polarization of the deuteron in this microscopic meson-quark cluster model are calculated. The deuteron wave function is derived from a microscopic 6-quark Hamiltonian which, in addition to a quadratic confinement potential, includes the one-pion and the one-gluon exchange potentials between quarks. The electromagnetic current operators are constructed on the quark level, i.e., the photon is coupled directly to the quarks. Aside from the one-body impulse current, pionic and gluonic exchange current corrections are included. Due to the Pauli principle on the quark level, new quark interchange terms arise in the one-body and two-body current matrix elements, that are not present on the nucleon level. While these additional quark exchange currents are small for low momentum transfers, we find that they appreciably influence the electromagnetic structure of the deuteron beyond a momentum transfer of q = 5fm -1 . (author)

A study on boiling water reactor regional stability from the viewpoint of higher harmonics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takeuchi, Yutaka; Takigawa, Yukio; Uematsu, Hitoshi

1994-01-01

A quantitative study on a mechanism for boiling water reactor regional stability has been carried out from the viewpoint of higher harmonics. In the mechanism, the gain decrease in the void-to-power transfer function can be explained by the higher harmonics mode subcriticality. It is shown that the thermal-hydraulic feedback effect can compensate for the gain decrease, and regional oscillation can be sustained that way. For quantitative evaluations, a three-dimensional higher harmonics analysis model has been developed. The results show that the first azimuthal harmonics subcriticality has a relatively small value under a regionally unstable condition. Comparing the subcriticality and the steady-state power distribution, it is shown that the distribution exists whose first azimuthal harmonics subcriticality takes a small value. A method of decomposition for the oscillated power responses into the harmonics modes is presented. The results show that the corewide oscillation power response consists almost entirely of the fundamental mode, and the regional oscillation power response consists almost entirely of the first azimuthal harmonics mode. This indicates that regional oscillation is a phenomenon in which the first azimuthal harmonics mode oscillates on the basis of the fundamental mode

Optimized non relativistic potential for quarkonium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rekab, S.; Zenine, N.

2006-01-01

For non relativistic quarkonia description, we consider a wide class of quark antiquark potentials in the form of power law. A systematic study is made by optimizing the potential parameters with a fit on quarkonia vector mesons that lie below the threshold for strong decays. Implications of the obtained results are discussed

Determination of quark-antiquark potentials and meson spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Semay, C.; Silvestre-Brac, B.

1999-01-01

We determine two different sets of quark-antiquark potential to be used in a Schroedinger or a Salpeter type of equation. The central part contains QCD inspired components: the Coulomb like interaction, the confinement potential and an instanton interaction. It is supplemented with phenomenological relativistic corrections. The constituent quarks are characterized by a colour charge density. The parameters are determined by a minimization procedure on representative samples of mesons and the full spectra are calculated. Refs. 6, tabs. 2 (author)

Phase mixing of transverse oscillations in the linear and nonlinear regimes for IFR relativistic electron beam propagation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shokair, I.R.

1991-01-01

Phase mixing of transverse oscillations changes the nature of the ion hose instability from an absolute to a convective instability. The stronger the phase mixing, the faster an electron beam reaches equilibrium with the guiding ion channel. This is important for long distance propagation of relativistic electron beams where it is desired that transverse oscillations phase mix within a few betatron wavelengths of injection and subsequently an equilibrium is reached with no further beam emittance growth. In the linear regime phase mixing is well understood and results in asymptotic decay of transverse oscillations as 1/Z 2 for a Gaussian beam and channel system, Z being the axial distance measured in betatron wavelengths. In the nonlinear regime (which is likely mode of propagation for long pulse beams) results of the spread mass model indicate that phase mixing is considerably weaker than in the regime. In this paper we consider this problem of phase mixing in the nonlinear regime. Results of the spread mass model will be shown along with a simple analysis of phase mixing for multiple oscillator models. Particle simulations also indicate that phase mixing is weaker in nonlinear regime than in the linear regime. These results will also be shown. 3 refs., 4 figs

From the harmonic oscillator to the A-D-E classification of conformal models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Itzykson, C.

1988-01-01

Arithmetical aspects of the solution of systems involving dimensional statistical models and conformal field theory. From this perspective, the analysis of the harmonic oscillator, the free particle in a box, the rational billards is effectuated. Moreover, the description of the classification of minimal conformal models and Weiss-Lumino-Witten models, based on the simplest affine algebra is also given. Attempts to interpret and justify the appearance of A-D-E classification of algebra in W-Z-W model are made. Extensions of W-Z-W model, based on SU(N) level one, and the ways to deal with rank two Lie groups, using the arithmetics of quadratic intergers, are described

The Tucson-Melbourne Three-Body Force in a Translationally-Invariant Harmonic Oscillator Basis

Science.gov (United States)

Marsden, David; Navratil, Petr; Barrett, Bruce

2000-09-01

A translationally-invariant three-body basis set has been employed in shell model calculations on ^3H and ^3He including the Tucson-Melbourne form of the real nuclear three-body force. The basis consists of harmonic oscillators in Jacobi coordinates, explicitly avoiding the centre of mass drift problem in the calculations. The derivation of the three-body matrix elements and the results of large basis effective interaction shell model calculations will be presented. J. L. Friar, B. F. Gibson, G. L. Payne and S. A. Coon; Few Body Systems 5, 13 (1988) P. Navratil, G.P. Kamuntavicius and B.R. Barrett; Phys. Rev. C. 61, 044001 (2000)

An Application of the Harmonic Oscillator Model to Verify Dunning’s Theory of the Economic Growth

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcin Salamaga

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Analogies with mechanisms ruling the natural world have oft en been sought in the course of economic phenomena.Th is paper is also an attempt to combine the physical phenomenon of a harmonious oscillator withthe theory of economic growth by J. H. Dunning (1981. In his theory, Dunning distinguished stages of economicgrowth of countries that imply the dependency between the investment position of countries and theirGDP per capita, while the graph presenting this dependency reminds a trajectory of oscillating motion of adamped harmonic oscillator. Th is analogy has given inspiration to reinterpret the theory of economy on thegrounds of the mechanism of a physical model. In this paper, the harmonious oscillator motion equation wasadapted to the description of dependencies shown in the theory of economic growth by J. H. Dunning. Th emathematical solution of this equation is properly parameterised and parameters are estimated with the useof the Gauss-Newton algorithm. Th e main objective of this paper is to allocate a specifi c stage in the economicgrowth to each country on the basis of the values of parameter estimations of the proposed cyclical models ofchanges in the net investment indicator.

On the kinetic theory of parametric resonance in relativistic plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Ashry, M.Y.

1982-08-01

The instability of relativistic hot plasma located in high-frequency external electric field is studied. The dispersion relation, in the case when the plasma electrons have relativistic oscillatory motion, is obtained. It is shown that if the electron Deby's radius is less than the wave length of plasma oscillation and far from the resonance on the overtones of the external field frequency, the oscillation build-up is possible. It is also shown that taking into account the relativistic motion of electrons leads to a considerable decrease in the frequency at which the parametric resonance takes place. (author)

On the Dirac oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodrigues, R. de Lima

2007-01-01

In the present work we obtain a new representation for the Dirac oscillator based on the Clifford algebra C 7. The symmetry breaking and the energy eigenvalues for our model of the Dirac oscillator are studied in the non-relativistic limit. (author)

State operator, constants of the motion, and Wigner functions: The two-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dahl, Jens Peder; Schleich, W. P.

2009-01-01

For a closed quantum system the state operator must be a function of the Hamiltonian. When the state is degenerate, additional constants of the motion enter the play. But although it is the Weyl transform of the state operator, the Wigner function is not necessarily a function of the Weyl...... transforms of the constants of the motion. We derive conditions for which this is actually the case. The Wigner functions of the energy eigenstates of a two-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator serve as an important illustration....

Axial motion of collector plasma in a relativistic backward wave oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xiao, Renzhen; Chen, Changhua; Deng, Yuqun; Cao, Yibing; Sun, Jun; Li, Jiawei [Science and Technology on High Power Microwave Laboratory, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi' an 710024 (China)

2016-06-15

In this paper, it is proposed that plasma formed at the collector may drift back to the cathode and cause pulse shortening of the relativistic backward wave oscillator. Theoretical analysis shows that the axial drift velocity of plasma ions can be up to 5 mm/ns due to the presence of space charge potential provided by an intense relativistic electron beam. Particle-in-cell simulations indicate that the plasma electrons are initially trapped around the collector surface. With the accumulation of the plasma ions, a large electrostatic field forms and drives the plasma electrons to overcome the space charge potential and enter the beam-wave interaction region along the magnetic field lines. As a result, the beam current modulation is disturbed and the output microwave power falls rapidly. The plasma ions move in the beam-wave interaction region with an average axial velocity of 5–8 mm/ns. After the plasma ions reach the diode region, the emitted current at the cathode rises due to the charge neutralizations by the ions. The impedance collapse leads to further decrease of the microwave power. In experiments, when the diode voltage and beam current were 850 kV and 9.2 kA, and the collector radius was 2.15 cm, the output microwave power was 2.4 GW with a pulse width of less than 20 ns. The ion drift velocity was estimated to be about 5 mm/ns. After an improved collector with 3.35 cm radius was adopted, the pulse width was prolonged to more than 30 ns.

Investigation of Student Reasoning about Harmonic Motions

Science.gov (United States)

Tongnopparat, N.; Poonyawatpornkul, J.; Wattanakasiwich, P.

This study aimed to investigate student reasoning about harmonic oscillations. We conducted a semi-structured interview based on three situations of harmonic motions—(1) a mass attaching to spring and horizontally oscillating without damping, (2) the same situation but vertically oscillating and (3) a mass attaching to spring and oscillating in viscous liquid. Forty-five second-year students taking a vibrations and wave course at Chiang Mai University, Thailand participated in a fifteen-minute interview, which was video-recorded. The videos were transcribed and analyzed by three physics instructors. As results, we found that most students had misconceptions about angular frequency and energy mostly in the second and third situations.

The harmonic oscillator in the forceless mechanics of Hertz and in the Riemannian space-time geometry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fueloep, L.

1987-10-01

The forceless mechanics of Hertz is a reformulation of the classical mechanics in a curved configuration space. The relationship between the forceless mechanics and the general relativity theory which uses curved Riemann spaces as well is investigated on the simple example of the harmonic oscillator. The mathematical similarities and differences and the different interpretations of similar formulas are discussed. Some formal constants of the Hertz mechanics have got concrete physical meanings in the general relativity. (D.Gy.)

Relativistic meson spectroscopy in momentum space

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hersbach, H.

1994-01-01

In this paper a relativistic constituent-quark model based on the Ruijgrok--de Groot formalism is presented. The quark model is not defined in configuration space, but in momentum space. The complete meson spectrum, with the exception of the self-conjugate light unflavored mesons, is calculated. The potential used consists of a one-gluon exchange (OGE) part and a confining part. For the confining part a relativistic generalization of the linear plus constant potential was used, which is well defined in momentum space without introducing any singularities. For the OGE part several potentials were investigated. Retardations were included at all places. By the use of a fitting procedure involving 52 well-established mesons, but results were obtained for a potential consisting of a purely vector Richardson potential and a purely scalar confining potential. Reasonable results were also obtained for a modified Richardson potential. Most meson masses, with the exception of the π, the K, and the K 0 * , were found to be quite well described by the model

Measuring the sea quark polarization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Makdisi, Y.

1993-01-01

Spin is a fundamental degree of freedom and measuring the spin structure functions of the nucleon should be a basic endeavor for hadron physics. Polarization experiments have been the domain of fixed target experiments. Over the years large transverse asymmetries have been observed where the prevailing QCD theories predicted little or no asymmetries, and conversely the latest deep inelastic scattering experiments of polarized leptons from polarized targets point to the possibility that little of the nucleon spin is carried by the valence quarks. The possibility of colliding high luminosity polarized proton beams in the Brookhaven Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) provides a great opportunity to extend these studies and systematically probe the spin dependent parton distributions specially to those reactions that are inaccessible to current experiments. This presentation focuses on the measurement of sea quark and possibly the strange quark polarization utilizing the approved RHIC detectors

High efficiency fourth-harmonic generation from nanosecond fiber master oscillator power amplifier

Science.gov (United States)

Mu, Xiaodong; Steinvurzel, Paul; Rose, Todd S.; Lotshaw, William T.; Beck, Steven M.; Clemmons, James H.

2016-03-01

We demonstrate high power, deep ultraviolet (DUV) conversion to 266 nm through frequency quadrupling of a nanosecond pulse width 1064 nm fiber master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA). The MOPA system uses an Yb-doped double-clad polarization-maintaining large mode area tapered fiber as the final gain stage to generate 0.5-mJ, 10 W, 1.7- ns single mode pulses at a repetition rate of 20 kHz with measured spectral bandwidth of 10.6 GHz (40 pm), and beam qualities of Mx 2=1.07 and My 2=1.03, respectively. Using LBO and BBO crystals for the second-harmonic generation (SHG) and fourth-harmonic generation (FHG), we have achieved 375 μJ (7.5 W) and 92.5 μJ (1.85 W) at wavelengths of 532 nm and 266 nm, respectively. To the best of our knowledge these are the highest narrowband infrared, green and UV pulse energies obtained to date from a fully spliced fiber amplifier. We also demonstrate high efficiency SHG and FHG with walk-off compensated (WOC) crystal pairs and tightly focused pump beam. An SHG efficiency of 75%, FHG efficiency of 47%, and an overall efficiency of 35% from 1064 nm to 266 nm are obtained.

Quark-flavor mixing and the nucleon strangeness form factors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ito, H.

1995-01-01

We have calculated the strangeness form factors of the nucleon G E s (Q), G M s (Q) and G A s (Q) and the electromagnetic form factors G E N (Q) as well, by using a relativistic constituent quark model of the nucleon wave function on the light-cone. Octet of Goldstone bosons (π, K, η) are assumed to induce the SU flavor mixing among the light constituent quarks; d-→K+s →d for example, and this mechanism induces the strangeness content in the nucleon. To calculate the meson-loop corrections to the electroweak couplings of constituent quarks, we have employed two models of the quark-meson vertex; (1) composite model of the Goldstone bosons (2) and (3) chiral quark Lagrangian. The loop momenta are regulated in a gauge-invariant way for both models

On the measurement of a weak classical force coupled to a harmonic oscillator: experimental progress

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bocko, M.F.; Onofrio, R.

1996-01-01

Several high-precision physics experiments are approaching a level of sensitivity at which the intrinsic quantum nature of the experimental apparatus is the dominant source of fluctuations limiting the sensitivity of the measurements. This quantum limit is embodied by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, which prohibits arbitrarily precise simultaneous measurements of two conjugate observables of a system but allows one-time measurements of a single observable with any precision. The dynamical evolution of a system immediately following a measurement limits the class of observables that may be measured repeatedly with arbitrary precision, with the influence of the measurement apparatus on the system being confined strictly to the conjugate observables. Observables having this feature, and the corresponding measurements performed on them, have been named quantum nondemolition or back-action evasion observables. In a previous review (Caves et al., 1980, Rev. Mod. Phys. 52, 341) a quantum-mechanical analysis of quantum nondemolition measurements of a harmonic oscillator was presented. The present review summarizes the experimental progress on quantum nondemolition measurements and the classical models developed to describe and guide the development of practical implementations of quantum nondemolition measurements. The relationship between the classical and quantum theoretical models is also reviewed. The concept of quantum nondemolition and back-action evasion measurements originated in the context of measurements on a macroscopic mechanical harmonic oscillator, though these techniques may be useful in other experimental contexts as well, as is discussed in the last part of this review. copyright 1996 The American Physical Society

Theoretical perspective on RHIC [relativistic heavy ion collider] physics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dover, C.B.

1990-10-01

We discuss the status of the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) project at Brookhaven, and assess some key experiments which propose to detect the signatures of a transient quark-gluon plasma (QGP) phase in such collisions. 24 refs

Inverted oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yuce, C [Physics Department, Anadolu University, Eskisehir (Turkey); Kilic, A [Physics Department, Anadolu University, Eskisehir (Turkey); Coruh, A [Physics Department, Sakarya University, Sakarya (Turkey)

2006-07-15

The inverted harmonic oscillator problem is investigated quantum mechanically. The exact wavefunction for the confined inverted oscillator is obtained and it is shown that the associated energy eigenvalues are discrete, and the energy is given as a linear function of the quantum number n.

Heavy quark threshold dynamics in higher order

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Piclum, J.H.

2007-05-15

In this work we discuss an important building block for the next-to-next-to-next-to leading order corrections to the pair production of top quarks at threshold. Specifically, we explain the calculation of the third order strong corrections to the matching coefficient of the vector current in non-relativistic Quantum Chromodynamics and provide the result for the fermionic part, containing at least one loop of massless quarks. As a byproduct, we obtain the matching coefficients of the axial-vector, pseudo-scalar and scalar current at the same order. Furthermore, we calculate the three-loop corrections to the quark renormalisation constants in the on-shell scheme in the framework of dimensional regularisation and dimensional reduction. Finally, we compute the third order strong corrections to the chromomagnetic interaction in Heavy Quark Effective Theory. The calculational methods are discussed in detail and results for the master integrals are given. (orig.)

Expansion of the relativistic Fokker-Planck equation including non-linear terms and a non-Maxwellian background

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shkarofsky, I.P.

1997-01-01

The relativistic Fokker-Planck collision term in Braams and Karney [Phys. Fluids B 1, 1355 (1989)] is expanded using Cartesian tensors (equivalent to associated Legendre spherical harmonics) retaining all non-linear terms and an arbitrary zeroth order distribution background. Expressions are given for collision terms between all harmonics and the background distribution in terms of the j and y functions in Braams and Karney. The results reduce to Braams and Karney for the first order harmonic term with a Maxwellian background and to those given by Shkarofsky [Can. J. Phys. 41, 1753 (1963)] in the non-relativistic limit. Expressions for the energy and momentum transfer associated with relativistic Coulomb collisions are given. The fast two dimensional Fokker-Planck solver in Shoucri and Shkarofsky [Comput. Phys. Commun. 82, 287 (1994)] has been extended to include the second order harmonic term. copyright 1997 American Institute of Physics

Photons from the early stages of relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Science.gov (United States)

Oliva, L.; Ruggieri, M.; Plumari, S.; Scardina, F.; Peng, G. X.; Greco, V.

2017-07-01

We present results about photon-production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The main novelty of our study is the calculation of the contribution of the early-stage photons to the photon spectrum. The initial stage is modeled by an ensemble of classical gluon fields which decay to a quark-gluon plasma via the Schwinger mechanism, and the evolution of the system is studied by coupling classical field equations to relativistic kinetic theory; photon production is then computed by including the pertinent collision processes into the collision integral. We find that the contribution of the early-stage photons to the direct photon spectrum is substantial for pT≈2 GeV and higher, the exact value depending on the collision energy; therefore, we identify this part of the photon spectrum as the sign of the early stage. Moreover, the amount of photons produced during the early stage is not negligible with respect to those produced by a thermalized quark-gluon plasma: We support the idea that there is no dark age in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

Entropy production in the relativistic heavy ion collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holme, A.K.; Csernai, L.P.; Levai, P.; Papp, G.

1989-09-01

A short overview is given on the most important possibilities of entropy production in the relativistic heavy ion collisions, which is connected to the shock phenomena. The E802 experiment is considered as an example, where one can determine the specific entropy content from measured strange particle ratios. The received large entropy value (S/N B ∼ 14) can be explained by assuming quark-gluon plasma formation. The possibility of overcooling of quark-gluon plasma and its deflagration are also investigated. (author) 22 refs.; 4 figs

Proton relativistic model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Araujo, Wilson Roberto Barbosa de

1995-01-01

In this dissertation, we present a model for the nucleon, which is composed by three relativistic quarks interacting through a contract force. The nucleon wave-function was obtained from the Faddeev equation in the null-plane. The covariance of the model under kinematical null-plane boots is discussed. The electric proton form-factor, calculated from the Faddeev wave-function, was in agreement with the data for low-momentum transfers and described qualitatively the asymptotic region for momentum transfers around 2 GeV. (author)

Langevin dynamics of heavy flavors in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

CERN Document Server

Alberico, W M; De Pace, A; Molinari, A; Monteno, M; Nardi, M; Prino, F

2011-01-01

We study the stochastic dynamics of c and b quarks, produced in hard initial processes, in the hot medium created after the collision of two relativistic heavy ions. This is done through the numerical solution of the relativistic Langevin equation. The latter requires the knowledge of the friction and diffusion coefficients, whose microscopic evaluation is performed treating separately the contribution of soft and hard collisions. The evolution of the background medium is described by ideal/viscous hydrodynamics. Below the critical temperature the heavy quarks are converted into hadrons, whose semileptonic decays provide single-electron spectra to be compared with the current experimental data measured at RHIC. We focus on the nuclear modification factor R_AA and on the elliptic-flow coefficient v_2, getting, for sufficiently large p_T, a reasonable agreement.

A tail of a quark in N = 4 SYM

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chernicoff, Mariano; Garcia, J. Antonio; Gueijosa, Alberto

2009-01-01

We study the dynamics of a 'composite' or 'dressed' quark in strongly-coupled large-N c N = 4 super-Yang-Mills, making use of the AdS/CFT correspondence. We show that the standard string dynamics nicely captures the physics of the quark and its surrounding non-Abelian field configuration, making it possible to derive a relativistic equation of motion that incorporates the effects of radiation damping. From this equation one can deduce a non-standard dispersion relation for the composite quark, as well as a Lorentz covariant formula for its rate of radiation. We explore the consequences of the equation in a few simple examples.

Decay constants in the heavy quark limit in models a la Bakamjian and Thomas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morenas, V.; Le Yaouanc, A.; Oliver, L.; Pene, O.; Raynal, J.C.

1997-07-01

In quark models a la Bakamjian and Thomas, that yield covariance and Isgur-Wise scaling of form factors in the heavy quark limit, the decay constants f (n) and f 1/2 (n) of S-wave and P-wave mesons composed of heavy and light quarks are computed. Different Ansaetze for the dynamics of the mass operator at rest are discussed. Using phenomenological models of the spectrum with relativistic kinetic energy and regularized short distance part the decay constants in the heavy quark limit are calculated. The convergence of the heavy quark limit sum rules is also studied. (author)

Harmonically excited orbital variations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morgan, T.

1985-01-01

Rephrasing the equations of motion for orbital maneuvers in terms of Lagrangian generalized coordinates instead of Newtonian rectangular cartesian coordinates can make certain harmonic terms in the orbital angular momentum vector more readily apparent. In this formulation the equations of motion adopt the form of a damped harmonic oscillator when torques are applied to the orbit in a variationally prescribed manner. The frequencies of the oscillator equation are in some ways unexpected but can nonetheless be exploited through resonant forcing functions to achieve large secular variations in the orbital elements. Two cases are discussed using a circular orbit as the control case: (1) large changes in orbital inclination achieved by harmonic excitation rather than one impulsive velocity change, and (2) periodic and secular changes to the longitude of the ascending node using both stable and unstable excitation strategies. The implications of these equations are also discussed for both artificial satellites and natural satellites. For the former, two utilitarian orbits are suggested, each exploiting a form of harmonic excitation. 5 refs

A relativistic quarkonium potential model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klima, B.; Maor, U.

1984-04-01

We review a recently developed relativistic quark-antiquark bound state equation using the expansion in intermediate states. Using a QCD motivated potential we succeeded very well to fit both the heavy systems (banti b, canti c) and the light systems (santi s, uanti u and danti d). Here we emphasize our results on heavy-light sustems and on the possible (tanti t) family. (orig.)

Orbital angular momentum parton distributions in quark models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scopetta, S.; Vento, V.

2000-01-01

At the low energy, hadronic, scale we calculate Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) twist-two parton distributions for the relativistic MIT bag model and for nonrelativistic quark models. We reach the scale of the data by leading order evolution in perturbative QCD. We confirm that the contribution of quarks and gluons OAM to the nucleon spin grows with Q 2 , and it can be relevant at the experimental scale, even if it is negligible at the hadronic scale, irrespective of the model used. The sign and shape of the quark OAM distribution at high Q 2 may depend strongly on the relative size of the OAM and spin distributions at the hadronic scale. Sizeable quark OAM distributions at the hadronic scale, as proposed by several authors, can produce the dominant contribution to the nucleon spin at high Q 2 . (author)

Quasirelativistic quark model in quasipotential approach

CERN Document Server

Matveev, V A; Savrin, V I; Sissakian, A N

2002-01-01

The relativistic particles interaction is described within the frames of quasipotential approach. The presentation is based on the so called covariant simultaneous formulation of the quantum field theory, where by the theory is considered on the spatial-like three-dimensional hypersurface in the Minkowski space. Special attention is paid to the methods of plotting various quasipotentials as well as to the applications of the quasipotential approach to describing the characteristics of the relativistic particles interaction in the quark models, namely: the hadrons elastic scattering amplitudes, the mass spectra and widths mesons decays, the cross sections of the deep inelastic leptons scattering on the hadrons

An introduction to quark-gluon plasma and high energy heavy ion collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McLerran, L.

1987-01-01

The quark-gluon plasma, and how it might be produced in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions is reviewed. I briefly introduce the quark-gluon plasma, and what we might learn from studying it. I then discuss what has been learned from the recent results from the CERN oxygen run. I then attempt to address the issue of whether A = 16 and E = 200 GeV are sufficient to make a quark-gluon plasma. I discuss strangeness and charm production as well as electromagnetic probes of the plasma

CONFERENCE: Quark Matter '95

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1995-01-01

High energy heavy ion collisions have become one of the major growth areas of modern physics. Providing common ground between particle and nuclear physics, it has produced a wave of new interest and a series of major projects to provide beams of higher energies and increasing nuclear complexity. Reflecting this interest, and despite record rainstorms, over 450 enthusiastic high energy heavy ion followers met in Monterey, California, at the 11th International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions. Named Quark Matter '95, the meeting was characterized by its own flood of new results from experiments studying collisions of gold nuclei at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) and with silicon beams at the CERN SPS synchrotron, as well as preliminary results from the first run with lead beams at CERN late last year (December 1994, page 15). A striking aspect of the Conference was the growth in attendance and, in particular, the large number of young physicists who attended the meeting, underlining the vitality and appeal of this important field. The new preliminary data from CERN experiments NA44, NA49, NA52, WA97, and WA98, made available with remarkable speed following the initial lead beam run in November and December 1994, represent a significant step in the study of heavy ion collisions. Physicists have finally come close to conditions where it is possible to consider event-by-event analysis of these very complex final states. The importance of this emerging approach to relativistic heavy ion collisions was emphasized by Reinhard Stock (Frankfurt) and other speakers in a pre-conference workshop devoted to physics with the collider detectors at big new projects now in the pipeline - RHIC at Brookhaven and LHC at CERN. The study of collisions of heavy nuclei at relativistic energies is dominated by the search for the Quark-Gluon Plasma, the 'soup' of free quarks and gluons expected to have played an important role

Relativistic hydrodynamics, heavy ion reactions and antiproton annihilation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Strottman, D.

1985-01-01

The application of relativistic hydrodynamics to relativistic heavy ions and antiproton annihilation is summarized. Conditions for validity of hydrodynamics are presented. Theoretical results for inclusive particle spectra, pion production and flow analysis are given for medium energy heavy ions. The two-fluid model is introduced and results presented for reactions from 800 MeV per nucleon to 15 GeV on 15 GeV per nucleon. Temperatures and densities attained in antiproton annihilation are given. Finally, signals which might indicate the presence of a quark-gluon plasma are briefly surveyed

Nonperturbative aspects of the quark-photon vertex

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Frank, M.R.

1994-01-01

The electromagnetic interaction with quarks is investigated through a relativistic, electromagnetic gauge-invariant treatment. Gluon dressing of the quark-photon vertex and the quark self-energy functions is described by the inhomogeneous Bethe-Salpeter equation in the ladder approximation and the Schwinger-Dyson equation in the rainbow approximation respectively. Results for the calculation of the quark-photon vertex are presented in both the time-like and space-like regions of photon momentum squared, however emphasis is placed on the space-like region relevant to electron scattering. The treatment presented here simultaneously addresses the role of dynamically generated q bar q vector bound states and the approach to asymptotic behavior. The resulting description is therefore applicable over the entire range of momentum transfers available in electron scattering experiments. Input parameters are limited to the model gluon two-point function which is chosen to reflect confinement and asymptotic freedom and are largely constrained by the obtained bound-state spectrum

A path integral for heavy-quarks in a hot plasma

CERN Document Server

Beraudo, A.; Faccioli, P.; Garberoglio, G.; 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2010.06.007

2010-01-01

We propose a model for the propagation of a heavy-quark in a hot plasma, to be viewed as a first step towards a full description of the dynamics of heavy quark systems in a quark-gluon plasma, including bound state formation. The heavy quark is treated as a non relativistic particle interacting with a fluctuating field, whose correlator is determined by a hard thermal loop approximation. This approximation, which concerns only the medium in which the heavy quark propagates, is the only one that is made, and it can be improved. The dynamics of the heavy quark is given exactly by a quantum mechanical path integral that is calculated in this paper in the Euclidean space-time using numerical Monte Carlo techniques. The spectral function of the heavy quark in the medium is then reconstructed using a Maximum Entropy Method. The path integral is also evaluated exactly in the case where the mass of the heavy quark is infinite; one then recovers known results concerning the complex optical potential that controls the ...

Meson form factors and covariant three-dimensional formulation of composite model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skachkov, N.B.; Solovtsov, I.L.

1978-01-01

An approach is developed which is applied in the framework of the relativistic quark model to obtain explicit expressions for meson form factors in terms of covariant wave functions of the two-quark system. These wave functions obey the two-particle quasipotential equation in which the relative motion of quarks is singled out in a covariant way. The exact form of the wave functions is found using the transition to the relativistic configurational representation with the help of the harmonic analysis on the Lorentz group instead of the usual Fourier expansion and then solving the relativistic difference equation thus obtained. The expressions found for form factors are transformed into the three-dimensional covariant form which is a direct geometrical relativistic generalization of analogous expressions of the nonrelativistic quantum mechanics and provides the decrease of the meson form factor by the Fsub(π)(t) approximately t -1 law as -t infinity, in the Coulomb field

A model of the two-dimensional quantum harmonic oscillator in an AdS{sub 3} background

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Frick, R. [Universitaet zu Koeln, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Cologne (Germany)

2016-10-15

In this paper we study a model of the two-dimensional quantum harmonic oscillator in a three-dimensional anti-de Sitter background. We use a generalized Schroedinger picture in which the analogs of the Schroedinger operators of the particle are independent of both the time and the space coordinates in different representations. The spacetime independent operators of the particle induce the Lie algebra of Killing vector fields of the AdS{sub 3} spacetime. In this picture, we have a metamorphosis of the Heisenberg uncertainty relations. (orig.)

The quark gluon plasma; Le plasma de quarks et de gluons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Granier de Cassagnac, R. [Ecole Polytechnique, Lab. Leprince-Ringuet, 91 - Palaiseau (France)

2010-05-15

The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is a state of matter in which the universe was expected to be a few micro-seconds after the big-bang. Violent collisions of heavy ions are supposed to re-create this state in particle accelerators. Numerous signatures of this fugacious state have already been observed at the RHIC (relativistic heavy ion collider). The first evidence of the violence of collisions is the number of generated particles: about 6000 per collision, mostly hadrons. This figure seems high but in fact is less than theoretically expected and is the first sign of the formation of a QGP that saturates the density of gluons. Another sign, observed at the RHIC is the damping of the particle jets that are produced in the collision. This damping is consistent with the crossing of a medium whose density is so high that it can not be made of hadrons but of partons. In the RHIC experiments the collective behaviour of quarks and gluons shows that they are strongly interacting with one another. This fact supports the idea that the QGP is more a perfect liquid rather than an ideal gas in which quarks and gluons move freely. (A.C.)

Cooking Up Hot Quark Soup

Science.gov (United States)

Walsh, Karen McNulty

2011-03-28

Near-light-speed collisions of gold ions provide a recipe for in-depth explorations of matter and fundamental forces. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) has produced the most massive antimatter nucleus ever discovered?and the first containing an anti-strange quark. The presence of strange antimatter makes this antinucleus the first to be entered below the plane of the classic Periodic Table of Elements, marking a new frontier in physics.

Proceedings of the Workshop on relativistic heavy ion physics at present and future accelerators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Csoergoe, T.; Hegyi, S.; Lukacs, B.; Zimanyi, J.

1991-09-01

This volume contains the Proceedings of the Budapest Workshop on relativistic heavy ion physics at present and future accelerators. The topics includes experimental heavy ion physics, particle phenomenology, Bose-Einstein correlations, relativistic transport theory, quark-gluon plasma rehadronization, astronuclear physics, leptonpair production and intermittency. All contributions were indexed separately for the INIS database. (G.P.)

Quasi-linear equation for magnetoplasma oscillations in the weakly relativistic approximation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rizzato, F.B.

1985-01-01

Some limitations which are present in the dynamical equations for collisionless plasmas are discussed. Some elementary corrections to the linear theories are obtained in a heuristic form, which directly lead to the so-called quasi-linear theories in its non-relativistic and relativistic forms. The effect of the relativistic variation of the gyrofrequency on the diffusion coefficient is examined in a typically perturbative approximation. (author)

Quark distributions in nuclear matter and the EMC effect

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mineo, H.; Bentz, W. E-mail: bentz@keyaki.cc.u-tokai.ac.jp; Ishii, N.; Thomas, A.W.; Yazaki, K

2004-05-03

Quark light cone momentum distributions in nuclear matter and the structure function of a bound nucleon are investigated in the framework of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. This framework describes the nucleon as a relativistic quark-diquark state, and the nuclear matter equation of state by using the mean field approximation. The scalar and vector mean fields in the nuclear medium couple to the quarks in the nucleon and their effect on the spin independent nuclear structure function is investigated in detail. Special emphasis is placed on the important effect of the vector mean field and on a formulation which guarantees the validity of the number and momentum sum rules from the outset.

The Mesozoic Era of relativistic heavy ion physics and beyond

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harris, J.W.

1994-03-01

In order to understand how matter 15 billion years ago in the form of quarks, gluons and leptons at a temperature of 2 x 10 12 degrees K evolved to become today's Universe, the goal of relativistic and ultra-relativistic heavy ion physics is to understand the equation of state of nuclear, hadronic and partonic matter. This quest is of cross-disciplinary interest. The phase transition from partonic matter to hadronic matter tens of micro-seconds after the beginning of the universe is of interest to cosmology. Fluctuations during this phase transition would influence nucleosynthesis and the understanding of baryonic inhomogeneities in the universe. The nuclear matter equation of state, which describes the incompressibility of nuclear matter, governs neutron star stability. It determines the possible existence of strange quark matter stars and the dynamics of supernova expansion in astrophysics. The existence of collective nuclear phenomena in nuclear physics is also determined by the nuclear equation of state. In relativistic heavy ion collisions collective nuclear flow has been observed and is being studied extensively to obtain a better understanding of the incompressibility of nuclear matter. In high energy nuclear and particle physics, production and excitations of hadronic final states have been studied in detail and are important to an overall understanding of the equation of state of nuclear matter at finite temperature. The possibility in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions to create and study highly excited hadronic and partonic degrees of freedom provides a unique opportunity for understanding the behavior of nuclear, hadronic and partonic matter. Study of the QCD vacuum, of particular interest in particle physics, would provide a better understanding of symmetry-breaking mechanisms and the origins of the masses of the various quarks and particles

QCD-based relativistic Hartree-Fock calculations for identical quarks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dey, J.; Dey, M.; Le Tourneux, J.

1985-12-01

As was first pointed out by Witten, large number of colours (Nsub(c)) leads to a simplification in the theory of baryon masses in that the quarks may be assumed to move in a mean field which can be found self-consistently. The interquark potential in such a description can be borrowed from the meson sector phenomenology in the absence of an accurate evaluation of it from large Nsub(c) quantum chromodynamics (QCD). We have carried out this program with such a potential due to Richardson, used often by workers in the meson sector. This potential has the advantage of incorporating the two main features of QCD, namely confinement and asymptotic freedom. In view of the small number of parameters involved, the results agree surprisingly well with experiment for the case of three identical quarks. (author)

Study of the O-mode in a relativistic degenerate electron plasma

Science.gov (United States)

Azra, Kalsoom; Ali, Muddasir; Hussain, Azhar

2017-03-01

Using the linearized relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell equations, a generalized expression for the plasma conductivity tensor is derived. The dispersion relation for the O-mode in a relativistic degenerate electron plasma is investigated by employing the Fermi-Dirac distribution function. The propagation characteristics of the O-mode (cut offs, resonances, propagation regimes, harmonic structure) are examined by using specific values of the density and the magnetic field that correspond to different relativistic dense environments. Further, it is observed that due to the relativistic effects the cut off and the resonance points are shifted to low frequency values, as a result the propagation regime is reduced. The dispersion relations for the non-relativistic and the ultra-relativistic limits are also presented.

West Coast Swing Dancing as a Driven Harmonic Oscillator Model

Science.gov (United States)

Ferrara, Davon; Holzer, Marie; Kyere, Shirley

The study of physics in sports not only provides valuable insight for improved athletic performance and injury prevention, but offers undergraduate students an opportunity to engage in both short- and long-term research efforts. In this project, conducted by two non-physics majors, we hypothesized that a driven harmonic oscillator model can be used to better understand the interaction between two west coast swing dancers since the stiffness of the physical connection between dance partners is a known factor in the dynamics of the dance. The hypothesis was tested by video analysis of two dancers performing a west coast swing basic, the sugar push, while changing the stiffness of the physical connection. The difference in stiffness of the connection from the ideal was estimated by the leader; the position with time data from the video was used to measure changes in the amplitude and phase difference between the leader and follower. While several aspects of our results agree with the proposed model, some key characteristics do not, possibly due to the follower relying on visual leads. Corresponding author and principal investigator.

A tail of a quark in Script N = 4 SYM

Science.gov (United States)

Chernicoff, Mariano; García, J. Antonio; Güijosa, Alberto

2009-09-01

We study the dynamics of a `composite' or `dressed' quark in strongly-coupled large-Nc Script N = 4 super-Yang-Mills, making use of the AdS/CFT correspondence. We show that the standard string dynamics nicely captures the physics of the quark and its surrounding non-Abelian field configuration, making it possible to derive a relativistic equation of motion that incorporates the effects of radiation damping. From this equation one can deduce a non-standard dispersion relation for the composite quark, as well as a Lorentz covariant formula for its rate of radiation. We explore the consequences of the equation in a few simple examples.

Dilepton as a signature for the baryon-rich quark-gluon matter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zejun He; Jiaju Zhang

1995-01-01

From the full stopping scenario, we study dilepton production in a baryon rich quark-gluon fireball on the basis of a relativistic hydrodynamic model, and find that with increasing initial baryon density a characteristic valley and a subsequent peak, which more uniquely signal the formation of the baryon-rich quark-gluon matter, appear in the total dilepton yield. Such characteristics can be tested in future experiments at CERN and Brookhaven. (author). Letter-to-the-editor

Effect of external magnetic field on critical current for the onset of virtual cathode oscillations in relativistic electron beams

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hramov, Alexander; Koronovskii, Alexey; Morozov, Mikhail; Mushtakov, Alexander

2008-01-01

In this Letter we research the space charge limiting current value at which the oscillating virtual cathode is formed in the relativistic electron beam as a function of the external magnetic field guiding the beam electrons. It is shown that the space charge limiting (critical) current decreases with growth of the external magnetic field, and that there is an optimal induction value of the magnetic field at which the critical current for the onset of virtual cathode oscillations in the electron beam is minimum. For the strong external magnetic field the space charge limiting current corresponds to the analytical relation derived under the assumption that the motion of the electron beam is one-dimensional [D.J. Sullivan, J.E. Walsh, E. Coutsias, in: V.L. Granatstein, I. Alexeff (Eds.), Virtual Cathode Oscillator (Vircator) Theory, in: High Power Microwave Sources, vol. 13, Artech House Microwave Library, 1987, Chapter 13]. Such behavior is explained by the characteristic features of the dynamics of electron space charge in the longitudinal and radial directions in the drift space at the different external magnetic fields

Accelerator-colliders for relativistic heavy ions or in search of luminosity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Young, G.R.

1984-01-01

Some issues pertinent to the design of collider rings for relativistic heavy ions are presented. Experiments at such facilities are felt to offer the best chance for creating in the laboratory a new phase of subatomic matter, the quark-gluon plasma. It appears possible to design a machine with sufficient luminosity, even for the heaviest nuclei in nature, to allow a thorough exploration of the production conditions and decay characteristics of quark-gluon plasma

Relativistic description of quark-antiquark bound states. Spin-independent treatment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gara, A.; Durand, B.; Durand, L.; Nickisch, L.J.

1989-01-01

We present the results of a detailed study of light- and heavy-quark--antiquark bound states in the context of the reduced Bethe-Salpeter equation with static vector and scalar interactions. In the present paper, we consider the spin-averaged spectra. Spin effects are considered in a separate paper. We find that this approach, although apparently successful for the heavy-quark b bar b and c bar c states, fails for the s bar s, l bar l, and light-heavy states. The reasons for the failure are intrinsic to the method, as we discuss. Difficulties are already evident for the c bar c states

Constructive influence of noise flatness and friction on the resonant behavior of a harmonic oscillator with fluctuating frequency.

Science.gov (United States)

Laas, Katrin; Mankin, Romi; Rekker, Astrid

2009-05-01

The influences of noise flatness and friction coefficient on the long-time behavior of the first two moments and the correlation function for the output signal of a harmonic oscillator with fluctuating frequency subjected to an external periodic force are considered. The colored fluctuations of the oscillator frequency are modeled as a trichotomous noise. The study is a follow up of the previous investigation of a stochastic oscillator [Phys. Rev. E 78, 031120 (2008)], where the connection between the occurrence of energetic instability and stochastic multiresonance is established. Here we report some unexpected results not considered in the previous work. Notably, we have found a nonmonotonic dependence of several stochastic resonance characteristics such as spectral amplification, variance of the output signal, and signal-to-noise ratio on the friction coefficient and on the noise flatness. In particular, in certain parameter regions spectral amplification exhibits a resonancelike enhancement at intermediate values of the friction coefficient.

Relativistic generalisation of the Kroll-Watson formula

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaminski, J.Z.

1985-01-01

The relativistic analogue of the space-translation method is derived. Using this method the generalisation of the Kroll-Watson formula [1973, Phys. Rev. A. 8 804] is obtained for the scattering of an arbitrary charged particle (e.g. mesons, hyperons, quarks, etc). The separation of the background and resonant parts of the scattering amplitude is predicted. (author)

Partonic transverse momenta in non-relativistic hyper-central quark potential models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Diakonos, F.K.; Kaplis, N.K.; Maintas, X.N.

2009-01-01

We investigate the impact of three-body forces on the transverse-momentum distribution of partons inside the proton. This is achieved by considering the three-body problem in a class of hyper-central quark potential models. Solving the corresponding Schroedinger equation, we determine the quark wave function in the proton and with appropriate transformations and projections we find the transverse-momentum distribution of a single quark. In each case the parameters of the quark potentials are adjusted in order to sufficiently describe observable properties of the proton. Using a factorization ansatz, we incorporate the obtained transverse-momentum distribution in a perturbative QCD scheme for the calculation of the cross-section for prompt photon production in pp collisions. A large set of experimental data is fitted using as a single free parameter the mean partonic transverse momentum. The dependence of left angle k T right angle on the collision characteristics (initial energy and transverse momentum of the final photon) is much smoother when compared with similar results found in the literature using a Gaussian distribution for the partonic transverse momenta. Within the considered class of hyper-central quark potentials the one with the weaker dependence on the hyper-radius is preferred for the description of the data since it leads to the smoothest mean partonic transverse-momentum profile. We have repeated all the calculations using a two-body potential of the same form as the optimal (within the considered class) hyper-central potential in order to check if the presence of three-body forces is supported by the experimental data. Our analysis indicates that three-body forces influence significantly the form of the parton transverse-momentum distribution and consequently lead to an improved description of the considered data. (orig.)

The spin predictions of the relativistic quark model for baryon decuplet production

CERN Document Server

Montvay, István

1973-01-01

Single-quark scattering contributions are considered in the case of ground-state decuplet baryon production. It is shown within the framework of an explicitly covariant approach that the spin consequences of the quark additivity assumption hold in the t-channel helicity frame independently of much of the details of the model. (12 refs).

Three-dimensional analysis of nonlinear plasma oscillation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miano, G.

1990-01-01

In an underdense plasma a large-amplitude plasma oscillation may be produced by the beating of two external and colinear electromagnetic waves with a frequency difference approximately equal to the plasma frequency - plasma beat wave (PBW) resonant mechanism. The plasma oscillations are driven by the ponderomotive force arising from the beating of the two imposed electromagnetic waves. In this paper two pump electromagnetic waves with arbitrary transverse profiles have been considered. The plasma is described by using the three dimensinal weakly relativistic fluid equations. The nonlinear plasma oscillation dynamics is studied by using the eulerian description, the averaging and the multiple time scale methods. Unlike the linear theory a strong cross field coupling between longitudinal ans transverse electric field components of the plasma oscillation comes out, resulting in a nonlinear phase change and energy transfer between the two components. Unlike the one-dimensional nonlinear theory, the nonlinear frequency shift is caused by relativistic effects as well as by convective effects and electromagnetic field generated from the three dimensional plasma oscillation. The large amplitude plasma oscillation dynamics produced by a bunched relativistic electron beam with arbitrary transverse profile - plasma wave field (PWF) - or by a high power single frequency short electromagnetic pulse with arbitrary transverse profile - electromagnetic plasma wake field (EPWF) - may be described by means of the present theory. (orig.)

New SU(1,1) position-dependent effective mass coherent states for a generalized shifted harmonic oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yahiaoui, Sid-Ahmed; Bentaiba, Mustapha

2014-01-01

A new SU(1,1) position-dependent effective mass coherent states (PDEM CS) related to the shifted harmonic oscillator (SHO) are deduced. This is accomplished by applying a similarity transformation to the generally deformed oscillator algebra (GDOA) generators for PDEM systems and a new set of operators that close the su(1,1) Lie algebra are constructed, being the PDEM CS of the basis for its unitary irreducible representation. From the Lie algebra generators, we evaluate the uncertainty relationship for a position and momentum-like operators in the PDEM CS and show that it is minimized in the sense of Barut–Girardello CS. We prove that the deduced PDEM CS preserve the same analytical form than those of Glauber states. As an illustration of our procedure, we depicted the 2D-probability density in the PDEM CS for SHO with the explicit form of the mass distribution with no singularities. (paper)

FY07 LDRD Final Report Heavy Quark Jet Tomography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soltz, R.; Newby, J.; Glenn, A.; Klay, J.

2008-01-01

We propose and develop a new signature, the measurement of hadron-electron correlations to measure energy loss of heavy quarks in the quark-gluon plasma. This measurements will be used in future analyses to quantify the energy densities created in collisions of heavy ions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Lab and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. In addition we develop and implement a computing model that will leverage LLNL expertise in cost-effective high performance computing to perform data analyses and simulations for the ALICE experiment at CERN

From Lattice Boltzmann to hydrodynamics in dissipative relativistic fluids

Science.gov (United States)

Gabbana, Alessandro; Mendoza, Miller; Succi, Sauro; Tripiccione, Raffaele

2017-11-01

Relativistic fluid dynamics is currently applied to several fields of modern physics, covering many physical scales, from astrophysics, to atomic scales (e.g. in the study of effective 2D systems such as graphene) and further down to subnuclear scales (e.g. quark-gluon plasmas). This talk focuses on recent progress in the largely debated connection between kinetic transport coefficients and macroscopic hydrodynamic parameters in dissipative relativistic fluid dynamics. We use a new relativistic Lattice Boltzmann method (RLBM), able to handle from ultra-relativistic to almost non-relativistic flows, and obtain strong evidence that the Chapman-Enskog expansion provides the correct pathway from kinetic theory to hydrodynamics. This analysis confirms recently obtained theoretical results, which can be used to obtain accurate calibrations for RLBM methods applied to realistic physics systems in the relativistic regime. Using this calibration methodology, RLBM methods are able to deliver improved physical accuracy in the simulation of the physical systems described above. European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 642069.

Neutrino radiation-hydrodynamics. General relativistic versus multidimensional supernova simulations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liebendoerfer, Matthias; Fischer, Tobias; Hempel, Matthias

2010-01-01

Recently, simulations of the collapse of massive stars showed that selected models of the QCD phase transitions to deconfined quarks during the early postbounce phase can trigger the supernova explosion that has been searched for over many years in spherically symmetric supernova models. Using sophisticated general relativistic Boltzmann neutrino transport, it was found that a characteristic neutrino signature is emitted that permits to falsify or identify this scenario in the next Galactic supernova event. On the other hand, more refined observations of past supernovae and progressing theoretical research in different supernova groups demonstrated that the effects of multidimensional fluid instabilities cannot be neglected in global models of the explosions of massive stars. We point to different efforts where neutrino transport and general relativistic effects are combined with multidimensional fluid instabilities in supernovae. With those, it will be possible to explore the gravitational wave emission as a potential second characteristic observable of the presence of quark matter in new-born neutron stars. (author)

Matter Formed at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brown, G.E.; Gelman, B.A.; Rho, Mannque

2006-01-01

We suggest that the 'new form of matter' found just above T c by the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider is made up of tightly bound quark-antiquark pairs, essentially 32 chirally restored (more precisely, nearly massless) mesons of the quantum numbers of π, σ, ρ, and a 1 . Taking the results of lattice gauge simulations (LGS) for the color Coulomb potential from the work of the Bielefeld group and feeding this into a relativistic two-body code, after modifying the heavy-quark lattice results so as to include the velocity-velocity interaction, all ground-state eigenvalues of the 32 mesons go to zero at T c just as they do from below T c as predicted by the vector manifestation of hidden local symmetry. This could explain the rapid rise in entropy up to T c found in LGS calculations. We argue that how the dynamics work can be understood from the behavior of the hard and soft glue

A new formulation of the relativistic many-body theory of electric dipole moments of closed shell atoms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Latha, K V P; Angom, Dilip; Chaudhuri, Rajat K; Das, B P; Mukherjee, Debashis

2007-01-01

The electric dipole moments of closed-shell atoms are sensitive to the parity and time-reversal violating phenomena in the nucleus. The nuclear Schiff moment is one such property, it arises from the parity and time reversal violating quark-quark interactions and the quark-chromo electric dipole moments. We calculate the electric dipole moment of atomic 199 Hg arising from the nuclear Schiff moment using the relativistic coupled-cluster theory. This is the most accurate calculation of the quantity to date. Our calculations in combination with the experiment data provide important insights to the P and T violating coupling constants at the elementary particle level. In addition, a new limit on the tensor-pseudo tensor induced atomic EDM, calculated using the relativistic coupled-cluster theory is also presented

Bethe-Salpeter dynamics and the constituent mass concept for heavy quark mesons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Souchlas, N.; Stratakis, D.

2010-01-01

The definition of a quark as heavy requires a comparison of its mass with the nonperturbative chiral symmetry breaking scale which is about 1 GeV (Λ χ ∼1 GeV) or with the scale Λ QCD ∼0.2 GeV that characterizes the distinction between perturbative and nonperturbative QCD. For quark masses significantly larger than these scales, nonperturbative dressing effects, or equivalently nonperturbative self-energy contributions, and relativistic effects are believed to be less important for physical observables. We explore the concept of a constituent mass for heavy quarks in the Dyson-Schwinger equations formalism, for light-heavy and heavy-heavy quark mesons by studying their masses and electroweak decay constants.

Dual-cavity mode converter for a fundamental mode output in an over-moded relativistic backward-wave oscillator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li, Jiawei; Huang, Wenhua [Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027 (China); Science and Technology on High Power Microwave Laboratory, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi' an 710024 (China); Xiao, Renzhen; Bai, Xianchen; Zhang, Yuchuan; Zhang, Xiaowei; Shao, Hao; Chen, Changhua [Science and Technology on High Power Microwave Laboratory, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi' an 710024 (China); Zhu, Qi [Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027 (China)

2015-03-16

A dual-cavity TM{sub 02}–TM{sub 01} mode converter is designed for a dual-mode operation over-moded relativistic backward-wave oscillator. With the converter, the fundamental mode output is achieved. Particle-in-cell simulation shows that the efficiency of beam-wave conversion was over 46% and a pureTM{sub 01} mode output was obtained. Effects of end reflection provided by the mode converter were studied. Adequate TM{sub 01} mode feedback provided by the converter enhances conversion efficiency. The distance between the mode converter and extraction cavity critically affect the generation of microwaves depending on the reflection phase of TM{sub 01} mode feedback.

Dual-cavity mode converter for a fundamental mode output in an over-moded relativistic backward-wave oscillator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Jiawei; Huang, Wenhua; Xiao, Renzhen; Bai, Xianchen; Zhang, Yuchuan; Zhang, Xiaowei; Shao, Hao; Chen, Changhua; Zhu, Qi

2015-01-01

A dual-cavity TM 02 –TM 01 mode converter is designed for a dual-mode operation over-moded relativistic backward-wave oscillator. With the converter, the fundamental mode output is achieved. Particle-in-cell simulation shows that the efficiency of beam-wave conversion was over 46% and a pureTM 01 mode output was obtained. Effects of end reflection provided by the mode converter were studied. Adequate TM 01 mode feedback provided by the converter enhances conversion efficiency. The distance between the mode converter and extraction cavity critically affect the generation of microwaves depending on the reflection phase of TM 01 mode feedback

Two views on the Bjorken scenario for ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions

CERN Multimedia

Maire, Antonin

2011-01-01

The sketch describes the Bjorken scenario foreseen for the collision of ultra-relativistic heavy-ions, leading to the creation of strongly-interacting hot and dense deconfined matter, the so-called Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP).

Observational Constraints on Quark Matter in Neutron Stars

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

无

2007-01-01

We study the observational constraints of mass and redshift on the properties of the equation of state (EOS) for quark matter in compact stars based on the quasi-particle description. We discuss two scenarios: strange stars and hybrid stars. We construct the equations of state utilizing an extended MIT bag model taking the medium effect into account for quark matter and the relativistic mean field theory for hadron matter. We show that quark matter may exist in strange stars and in the interior of neutron stars. The bag constant is a key parameter that affects strongly the mass of strange stars. The medium effect can lead to the stiffer hybrid-star EOS approaching the pure hadronic EOS, due to the reduction of quark matter, and hence the existence of heavy hybrid stars. We find that a middle range coupling constant may be the best choice for the hybrid stars being compatible with the observational constraints.

Study of stellar objects with strange quark matter crust

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hothi, N.; Bisht, S.

2012-01-01

The absolute stability of strange quark matter is a viable possibility and immensely effects physics at the astrophysical scale. Relativistic heavy-ion reactions offer a stage to produce this exotic state of matter and the enhanced production of strange particles during these reactions can be studied within the framework of quark-gluon plasma (QGP). We have tried to investigate the role of strangeness under the compact star phenomenology. Emphasis is laid upon the possibility of existence of a third family of strange quark stars and its study help in revealing a number of unexplored features of the cosmos. Bag model parameters have been used to determine some integral parameters for a sequence of strange stars with crust and strange dwarfs constructed out of strange quark matter crust. A comparative analysis is performed between the strange and neutron stars and the strange and white dwarfs based upon these intrinsic parameters and paramount differences are observed. The intimacy between astrophysics and strange quarks depends strongly upon the strange quark matter hypothesis. It states that for a collection of more than a few hundred u, d and s quarks, the energy per baryon E/A of strange quark matter (SQM) can be well below the energy per baryon of the most stable atomic nuclei

Kaon-Nucleon scattering in a constituent quark model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lemaire, S.

2002-06-01

We have investigated Kaon-Nucleon (KN) interaction in a constituent quark model in the momentum range for the Kaon between 0 and 1 GeV/c in the laboratory frame. This study has been motivated by the fact that in an approach relying on a boson exchange mechanism the Bonn group was forced, in order to obtain good agreement with I = 0 s-wave phase shifts, to add the exchange of a short range fictitious repulsive scalar meson. This need for repulsion, whose range (∼ 0.2 fm) is smaller than the nucleon radius, clearly shows that the quark substructure of the nucleons and K + mesons cannot be neglected. The Kaon-Nucleon phase shifts are calculated in a quark potential model using the resonating group method (RGM). We have to cope with a five body problem with antisymmetrization with respect to the four ordinary quarks of the Kaon-Nucleon system. One requirement of our approach is that the quark-quark interaction must give a quite good description of the hadron spectra. One goal of the present work aims at determining the influence of a relativistic kinematics, in this constituent quark model, for the calculation of KN phase shifts. We have also investigated s, p, d, f, g waves KN elastic phase shifts and we have included a spin-orbit term in the quark-quark interaction. Then we have studied the influence of medium and long range exchange mechanism in the quark quark interaction on KN phase shifts. (author)

Eleven lectures on the physics of the quark-gluon plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McLerran, L.

1984-10-01

These lectures are intended to be an introduction to the physics of the quark-gluon plasma, and were presented at a workshop on The Physics of the Quark-Gluon Plasma held at Hua-Zhong Normal University in Wuhan, People's Republic of China in September, 1983. The lectures cover perturbation theory of the plasma at high temperature as well as the non-perturbative methods and results of lattice gauge theory computations. Physical models of the confinement-deconfinement phase transition and the modes of chiral symmetry breaking are presented. The possibility that a quark-gluon plasma might be produced in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions is analyzed. Separate entries were prepared for the data base for the eleven lectures

Relativistic effects in decay of S-wave quarkoniums

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martynenko, A.P.; Saleev, V.A.

1995-01-01

The width of S-wave quarkonium decays η c ,η b → γγ and J/ψ, Y → e + e - are calculated using the quasipotential approach. The nontrivial dependence of decay amplitude on relative quark momentum is considered. It is shown that relativistic corrections reach values of 30-50% in the processes studied

RELATIVISTIC HEAVY ION PHYSICS: A THEORETICAL OVERVIEW.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

KHARZEEV,D.

2004-03-28

This is a mini-review of recent theoretical work in the field of relativistic heavy ion physics. The following topics are discussed initial conditions and the Color Glass Condensate; approach to thermalization and the hydrodynamic evolution; hard probes and the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma. Some of the unsolved problems and potentially promising directions for future research are listed as well.

Effect of phase transition on QGP fluid in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collision

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nonaka, Chiho; Miyamura, Osamu; Muroya, Shin

2001-01-01

A full (3+1)-dimensional calculation using the Lagrangian hydrodynamics is proposed for relativistic nuclear collisions. The calculation enables us to evaluate anisotropic flow of hot and dense matter which appears in non-central and/or asymmetrical relativistic nuclear collisions. The relativistic hydrodynamical model is related to the equation of the state and the useful for the verification of quark-gluon plasma state. By virtue of the Lagrangian hydrodynamics we can easily trace the trajectory which corresponds to the adiabatic paths in the T-μ plane. We evaluate the directly of the influence of the phase transition to physical phenomena in the ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions. Using our relativistic hydrodynamical model, we discuss the effect of the phase transition on the collective flow. (author)

Extended particle model with quark confinement and charmonium spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hasenfratz, Peter; Kuti, Julius; Szalay, A.S.

Extended particle like vector gluon bubbles /bags/ are introduced which are stabilized against free expansion by a surface tension of volume tension. Since quraks are coupled to the gluon field, they are confined to the inside of the gluon bag without any further mechanism. Only color singlet gluon bags are allowed. Nonlinear boundary conditions are not imposed on the quark field in the model. A massless abelian gauge confined by a surface tension is first considered; in a four-dimensional relativistic picture the surface of the gauge field bubble appears as a tube with a three dimensional surface. As a first application, the model is used to study bound states of heavy charmed quarks (charmonium). Similar to the Born-Oppenheimer approximation in molecular physics, heavy charmed quarks are treated as nonrelativistic in their motion whereas the gluon bag and light quarks (u,d,s) are treated in an adiabatic approximation

The quark gluon plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Granier de Cassagnac, R.

2010-01-01

The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is a state of matter in which the universe was expected to be a few micro-seconds after the big-bang. Violent collisions of heavy ions are supposed to re-create this state in particle accelerators. Numerous signatures of this fugacious state have already been observed at the RHIC (relativistic heavy ion collider). The first evidence of the violence of collisions is the number of generated particles: about 6000 per collision, mostly hadrons. This figure seems high but in fact is less than theoretically expected and is the first sign of the formation of a QGP that saturates the density of gluons. Another sign, observed at the RHIC is the damping of the particle jets that are produced in the collision. This damping is consistent with the crossing of a medium whose density is so high that it can not be made of hadrons but of partons. In the RHIC experiments the collective behaviour of quarks and gluons shows that they are strongly interacting with one another. This fact supports the idea that the QGP is more a perfect liquid rather than an ideal gas in which quarks and gluons move freely. (A.C.)

Light-cone quark model with spin force for the nucleon and Δ(1232)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Weber, H.J.

1992-01-01

Electromagnetic structure functions for the nucleon, static observables for the nucleon and N→D(1232) transition form factors are calculated in a relativistic constituent quark model on the light cone. The model simulates the main effect of the spin force between quarks in terms of smaller (and lighter) scalar ud diquarks in the nucleon. The polarized proton structure function is found to agree with the EMC data. (orig.)

Making quark matter at brook haven's new collider

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jones, P.

2002-01-01

Quarks are believed to come in 6 flavours, only the lightest of which, the up and down quarks, are found in protons and neutrons. Isolated quarks have never been observed. As quarks are brought closer together, the force between them decreases dramatically, vanishing as the separation becomes very small. This suggests that quarks may become unbound if the density of quarks could be increased by squeezing a nucleus. The nucleus would have melted their constituent quarks, now free to roam the extended volume of the compressed nucleus. This situation would make a significant change in the structure of matter corresponding to a change of phase, rather like the transition from solid to liquid, but in this case from quark confined matter, to a quark gluon plasma (QGP). This new state of matter is thought to have been the natural phase of matter until 10 micro-seconds after the big-bang, and also to exist today in the core of neutron stars. Calculations show that the energy density needed to observe the phase transition is around 1 GeV/fm 3 , approximately 8 times that of normal nuclear matter. Attempts to recreate QGP have been underway at the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) and at the CERN by colliding heavy-ion beams at the maximal energy possible. Between 4000 and 5000 charged particles are produced in the most violent events. The experimental challenge is to establish the existence of QGP from all this wealth of data. (A.C.)

Why heavy and light quarks radiate energy with similar rates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kopeliovich, B. Z.; Potashnikova, I. K.; Schmidt, Ivan

2010-01-01

The dead-cone effect has been predicted to reduce the magnitude of energy loss and jet quenching for heavy flavors produced with large p T in heavy-ion collisions. On the contrary, data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider demonstrate a strong suppression of high-p T electrons from charm and bottom decays. We show that vacuum radiation of a highly virtual quark produced at high p T with a stripped-off color field develops a much wider dead cone, which screens the one related to the quark mass. Lacking the field, gluons cannot be radiated within this cone until the color field is regenerated and the quark virtuality cools down to the scale of the order of the quark mass. However, this takes longer than is essential for the observed jet quenching, leading to similar nuclear effects for the light and charm quark jets. Open beauty is expected to radiate much less within the p T range studied so far in heavy-ion collisions.

Relativistic few body calculations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gross, F.

1988-01-01

A modern treatment of the nuclear few-body problem must take into account both the quark structure of baryons and mesons, which should be important at short range, and the relativistic exchange of mesons, which describes the long range, peripheral interactions. A way to model both of these aspects is described. The long range, peripheral interactions are calculated using the spectator model, a general approach in which the spectators to nucleon interactions are put on their mass-shell. Recent numerical results for a relativistic OBE model of the NN interaction, obtained by solving a relativistic equation with one-particle on mass-shell, will be presented and discussed. Two meson exchange models, one with only four mesons (π,σ,/rho/,ω) but with a 25% admixture of γ 5 coupling for the pion, and a second with six mesons (π,σ,/rho/,ω,δ,/eta/) but pure γ 5 γ/sup μ/ pion coupling, are shown to give very good quantitative fits to the NN scattering phase shifts below 400 MeV, and also a good description of the /rvec p/ 40 Ca elastic scattering observables. Applications of this model to electromagnetic interactions of the two body system, with emphasis on the determination of relativistic current operators consistent with the dynamics and the exact treatment of current conservation in the presence of phenomenological form factors, will be described. 18 refs., 8 figs

Fourth sound in relativistic superfluidity theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vil'chinskij, S.I.; Fomin, P.I.

1995-01-01

The Lorentz-covariant equations describing propagation of the fourth sound in the relativistic theory of superfluidity are derived. The expressions for the velocity of the fourth sound are obtained. The character of oscillation in sound is determined

Bulk viscosity in 2SC quark matter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alford, Mark G; Schmitt, Andreas

2007-01-01

The bulk viscosity of three-flavour colour-superconducting quark matter originating from the nonleptonic process u + s ↔ u + d is computed. It is assumed that up and down quarks form Cooper pairs while the strange quark remains unpaired (2SC phase). A general derivation of the rate of strangeness production is presented, involving contributions from a multitude of different subprocesses, including subprocesses that involve different numbers of gapped quarks as well as creation and annihilation of particles in the condensate. The rate is then used to compute the bulk viscosity as a function of the temperature, for an external oscillation frequency typical of a compact star r-mode. We find that, for temperatures far below the critical temperature T c for 2SC pairing, the bulk viscosity of colour-superconducting quark matter is suppressed relative to that of unpaired quark matter, but for T ∼> T c /30 the colour-superconducting quark matter has a higher bulk viscosity. This is potentially relevant for the suppression of r-mode instabilities early in the life of a compact star

Photon production in relativistic nuclear collisions at SPS and RHIC energies

CERN Document Server

Turbide, S; Rapp, R; 10.1142/S0217751X0402258X

2004-01-01

Chiral Lagrangians are used to compute the production rate of photons from the hadronic phase of relativistic nuclear collisions. Special attention is paid to the role of the a/sub 1/ pseudovector. Calculations that include strange meson reactions, form factors, the use of consistent vector spectral densities, the emission from a quark-gluon plasma, and primordial nucleon-nucleon collisions reproduce the photon spectra measured at the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). Some predictions for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) are made.

Analytic approaches to relativistic hydrodynamics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hatta, Yoshitaka

2016-12-15

I summarize our recent work towards finding and utilizing analytic solutions of relativistic hydrodynamic. In the first part I discuss various exact solutions of the second-order conformal hydrodynamics. In the second part I compute flow harmonics v{sub n} analytically using the anisotropically deformed Gubser flow and discuss its dependence on n, p{sub T}, viscosity, the chemical potential and the charge.

Electron-muon correlation as a new probe of strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akamatsu, Yukinao; Hatsuda, Tetsuo; Hirano, Tetsufumi

2009-01-01

As a new and clean probe to the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (sQGP), we propose an azimuthal correlation of an electron and a muon that originate from the semileptonic decay of charm and bottom quarks. By solving the Langevin equation for the heavy quarks under the hydrodynamic evolution of the hot plasma, we show that substantial quenching of the away-side peak in the electron-muon correlation can be seen if the sQGP drag force acting on heavy quarks is large enough as suggested from the gauge/gravity correspondence. The effect could be detected in high-energy heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider.

Considerations on 'Harmonic balancing approach to nonlinear oscillations of a punctual charge in the electric field of charged ring'

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belendez, A.; Fernandez, E.; Rodes, J.J.; Fuentes, R.; Pascual, I.

2009-01-01

In a previous short communication [A. Belendez, E. Fernandez, J.J. Rodes, R. Fuentes, I. Pascual, Phys. Lett. A 373 (2009) 735] the nonlinear oscillations of a punctual charge in the electric field of a charged ring were analyzed. Approximate frequency-amplitude relations and periodic solutions were obtained using the harmonic balance method. Now we clarify an important aspect about of this oscillation charge. Taking into account Earnshaw's theorem, this punctual charge cannot be a free charge and so it must be confined, for example, on a finite conducting wire placed along the axis of the ring. Then, the oscillatory system may consist of a punctual charge on a conducting wire placed along the axis of the uniformly charged ring.

Effects of delta degrees of freedom on quark condensate in hot and dense matter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Lei; Ning Pingzhi

1996-01-01

The relativistic mean-field theory is applied to study the quark condensate systematically in nuclear matter at zero and finite temperature in terms of the relative importance of delta degrees of freedom. Calculations have included the high-order contributions to quark condensate in nuclear medium due to the baryon-baryon interactions. Numerical results are presented for the nuclear density up to five times larger than the normal density and temperature up to 120 MeV. It is found that the delta resonance in nuclear matter can cause substantial decreases to in-medium quark condensate

Relativistic quarkonium dynamics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sazdjian, H.

1985-06-01

We present, in the framework of relativistic quantum mechanics of two interacting particles, a general model for quarkonium systems satisfying the following four requirements: confinement, spontaneous breakdown of chiral symmetry, soft explicit chiral symmetry breaking, short distance interactions of the vector type. The model is characterized by two arbitrary scalar functions entering in the large and short distance interaction potentials, respectively. Using relationships with corresponding quantities of the Bethe-Salpeter equation, we also present the normalization condition of the wave functions, as well as the expressions of the meson decay coupling constants. The quark masses appear in this model as free parameters

Problems of describing the cumulative effect in relativistic nuclear physics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baldin, A.M.

1979-01-01

The problem of describing the cumulative effect i.e., the particle production on nuclei in the range kinematically forbidden for one-nucleon collisions, is studied. Discrimination of events containing cumulative particles fixes configurations in the wave function of a nucleus, when several nucleons are closely spaced and their quark-parton components are collectivized. For the cumulative processes under consideration large distances between quarks are very important. The fundamental facts and theoretical interpretation of the quantum field theory and of the condensed media theory in the relativistic nuclear physics are presented in brief. The collisions of the relativistic nuclei with low momentum transfers is considered in a fast moving coordinate system. The basic parameter determining this type of collisions is the energy of nucleon binding in nuclei. It has been shown that the short-range correlation model provides a good presentation of many characteristics of the multiple particle production and it may be regarded as an approximate universal property of hadron interactions

Interquark potential with finite quark mass from lattice QCD.

Science.gov (United States)

Kawanai, Taichi; Sasaki, Shoichi

2011-08-26

We present an investigation of the interquark potential determined from the q ̄q Bethe-Salpeter (BS) amplitude for heavy quarkonia in lattice QCD. The q ̄q potential at finite quark mass m(q) can be calculated from the equal-time and Coulomb gauge BS amplitude through the effective Schrödinger equation. The definition of the potential itself requires information about a kinetic mass of the quark. We then propose a self-consistent determination of the quark kinetic mass on the same footing. To verify the proposed method, we perform quenched lattice QCD simulations with a relativistic heavy-quark action at a lattice cutoff of 1/a≈2.1  GeV in a range 1.0≤m(q)≤3.6 GeV. Our numerical results show that the q ̄q potential in the m(q)→∞ limit is fairly consistent with the conventional one obtained from Wilson loops. The quark-mass dependence of the q ̄q potential and the spin-spin potential are also examined. © 2011 American Physical Society

Heavy quark photoproduction in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klein, Spencer R.; Nystrand, Joakim; Vogt, Ramona